tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Theophylline Exacerbating Spasticity
Authors: Jayne E. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have observed a patient with an ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who, when given theophylline to treat his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, had notable exacerbation of spasticity of his hemiplegic limbs. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> Within 36 hours of the first dose of theophylline, the patient lost selective finger and wrist motion and the spasticity was noted to have markedly increased. The patient complained of increased shoulder pain and muscle spasm. No shoulder trauma or subluxation was identified. Four days after initiation of the theophylline (Theo-dur) therapy (54 days after the CVA), the serum theophylline level was 5.7 μg/mL (therapeutic level, 10 to 20 μg/mL), so the dosage was increased to 300 mg, given orally every eight hours. Three days later, a serum theophylline level was 9.4 μg/mL. More aggressive therapy to the left upper extremity, consisting of heat, passive and active assistive range of motion, and
Sucralfate and Ulcer Perforation
Authors: WILLIAM J. CACCESE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1982Sucralfate and Ulcer PerforationWILLIAM J. CACCESE, M.D., MATTHEW J. MCKINLEY, M.D., LAWRENCE S. KRYLE, M.D., RICHARD L. BRONZO, M.D.WILLIAM J. CACCESE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MATTHEW J. MCKINLEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LAWRENCE S. KRYLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD L. BRONZO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-4-619_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the recent editorial on sucralfate (1). Since its approval by the FDA, we have used sucralfate to treat patients with peptic ulcer disease. Because of its low incidence of side effects (2), we often use sucralfate in treating peptic ulcer disease in patients who might be at a higher risk of developing adverse effects from cimetidine (3). Controlled trials show that sucralfate results in ulcer healing as often as cimetidine (4). We report a case of peptic ulcer disease treated with sucralfate complicated by perforation while on therapy.A 73-year-old woman was evaluated...References1. RICHARDSON C. Sucralfate. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:269-72. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FISHER R. Sucralfate: a review of drug tolerance and safety. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1981;3:181-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. MCGUIGAN J. A consideration of the adverse effects of cimetidine. Gastroenterology. 1981;80:181-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MARTINFARLEYGAGNONBENSEMANA FAMD. Comparison of the healing capacities of sucralfate and cimetidine in the short term treatment of duodenal ulcer: a double-blind randomized trial. Gastroenterology. 1982;28:401-5. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WILLIAM J. CACCESE, M.D.; MATTHEW J. MCKINLEY, M.D.; LAWRENCE S. KRYLE, M.D.; RICHARD L. BRONZO, M.D.Affiliations: North Shore University Hospital Manhasset, NY 11030 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGastrointestinal drugs 1 October 1982Volume 97, Issue 4Page: 619-620KeywordsFood and Drug AdministrationPeptic ulcersUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
A CASE OF ADDISON'S DISEASE TREATED WITH TUBERCULIN
Authors: J. M. H. Munro
Journal: BMJ (1912)

R believe these cases are so aete thit they offer-a more h6peful field for the use .ofserums.than vaccines.With ser-am treatment 'maaiy good results have been recorded.Ulcers of the cornea may be due to others e'rganisms-Bacilluts coli, diplobacillus, etc.-butI can find no records of such cases treated by means of vaccines.
Effects of hypertension on the static mechanical properties and chemical composition of the rat aorta
Authors: C. L. BERRY, S. E. GREENWALD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

The contributions of the relative radius, relative wall thickness, incremental strain, incremental elastic modulus, and medial scleroprotein content to the static elastic properties of the rat aortic wall have been examined in three groups of rats. Controls, rats made hypertensive at four weeks of age, and rats whose blood pressure was lowered after 6 weeks hypertension, were studied. The results show evidence of adaptive changes in the aorta of hypertensive animals, and that irreversible alterations in the mechanical properties of the wall may be induced by a brief period of hypertension. A direct relationship between aortic medial scleroprotein content and the elastic properties of the wall is demonstrated.
Estimates of Repolarization Dispersion From Electrocardiographic Measurements
Authors: Marc S. Fuller, György Sándor, Bonnie Punske, Bruno Taccardi, Rob S. MacLeod, Phillip R. Ershler, Larry S. Green, Robert L. Lux
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Repolarization dispersion (Rd) is frequently mentioned as a predictor of cardiac abnormalities. We present a new measure of Rd based on the root-mean-square (RMS) curve of an ECG lead set and compare its performance with that of the commonly used QT dispersion (QTd) measure with the use of recovery times measured from directly recorded canine electrograms. Methods and Results —Using isolated, perfused canine hearts suspended in a torso-shaped electrolytic tank, we simultaneously recorded electrograms from 64 epicardial sites and ECGs from 192 “body surface” sites. RMS curves were derived from 4 lead sets: epicardial, body surface, precordial, and a 6-lead optimal set. Repolarization was altered by changing cycle length, temperature, and activation sequence. Rd, calculated directly from recovery times of the 64 epicardial potentials, was then compared with the width of the T wave of the RMS curve and with QTd for each of these 4 lead sets. The correlation between T-wave width and Rd for each lead set, respectively, was epicardium, 0.91; body surface, 0.84; precordial, 0.72; and optimal leads, 0.81. The correlation between QTd and Rd for each lead set was epicardium, 0.46; body surface, 0.47; precordial, 0.17; and optimal leads, 0.11. Conclusions —RMS curve analysis provides an accurate method of estimating Rd from the body surface. In contrast, QTd analysis provides a poor estimate of Rd.
Etanercept as Monotherapy in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Craig L. Leonardi, Jerold L. Powers, Robert T. Matheson, Bernard S. Goffe, Ralph Zitnik, Andrea Wang, Alice B. Gottlieb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of etanercept, a TNF antagonist, for the treatment of plaque psoriasis.In this 24-week, double-blind study, 672 patients underwent randomization and 652 either received placebo or received etanercept subcutaneously at a low dose (25 mg once weekly), a medium dose (25 mg twice weekly), or a high dose (50 mg twice weekly). After 12 weeks, patients in the placebo group began twice-weekly treatment with 25 mg of etanercept. The primary measure of clinical response was the psoriasis area-and-severity index.At week 12, there was an improvement from base line of 75 percent or more in the psoriasis area-and-severity index in 4 percent of the patients in the placebo group, as compared with 14 percent of those in the low-dose--etanercept group, 34 percent in the medium-dose--etanercept group, and 49 percent in the high-dose-etanercept group (P<0.001 for all three comparisons with the placebo group). The clinical responses continued to improve with longer treatment. At week 24, there was at least a 75 percent improvement in the psoriasis area-and-severity index in 25 percent of the patients in the low-dose group, 44 percent of those in the medium-dose group, and 59 percent in the high-dose group. The responses as measured by improvements in the psoriasis area-and-severity index were paralleled by improvements in global assessments by physicians and the patients and in quality-of-life measures. Etanercept was generally well tolerated.The treatment of psoriasis with etanercept led to a significant reduction in the severity of disease over a period of 24 weeks.
Abstract 4149: A newly developed GSK-3 inhibitor, CG9, inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation through estrogen receptor α degradation
Authors: Hyun Mi Kim, Choung-Soo Kim, Je-Hwan Lee, Joong Myung Cho, Jung Jin Hwang, Sejin Jang, Seonggu Ro, Young-Lan Hyun, Jene Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) has a major role in Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways and regulates the cell cycle, stem cell renewal and differentiation, apoptosis, and insulin action. The pharmacological inhibitors of GSK-3 could be used to treat several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, other neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular effects of a newly developed GSK-3 inhibitor, CG9, in seven breast cancer cell lines of the NCI-60 cell line panel. CG9 treatment increased inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9), whereas decreased activating phosphorylation of GSK-3β (Tyr216), together with the overall reduction of the level of GSK-3 proteins. CG9 also induced growth inhibition and stimulated a caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway regardless of estrogen receptor (ER) positivity with IC50 of 12 μM in T47D to ≤ 0.1 μM in MCF7 cells. The GSK inhibitor down-regulated the cellular levels of ERα and cyclin D in ERα-positive MCF7 cells. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that CG9 treatment inhibits the interaction of Hsp90 with ERα in cytoplasm. Taken together these results indicate that CG9 may be an effective anti-cancer agent in human breast cancers. Currently, we are investigating the efficiency of CG9 compared with that of antiestrogen tamoxifen (Tam) and a possibility of combined treatment with CG9 and Tam. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4149.
Von Recklinghausen's Disease and Breast Cancer
Authors: Juan G Posada, Carl G Chakmakjian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A 74-year-old woman with a history of von Recklinghausen's disease presented with infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the left breast (T2N0M0 [stage IB], according to the tumor–node–metastasis [TNM] staging system). On physical examination, the patient had innumerable cutaneous neurofibromas (Panels A and B). Of the patient's three children (twin daughters and a son), all had inherited the condition, which is also called neurofibromatosis 1. One of her daughters had died at the age of 12 years from complications of a viral illness, and both her other daughter and her son had died at the age of 38 from cancer. The patient's . . .
Sufficient Treatment for Pain
Authors: SEYMOUR M. GLICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1973Sufficient Treatment for PainSEYMOUR M. GLICK, M.D.SEYMOUR M. GLICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-6-974 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Drs. Marks and Sachar's article, "Undertreatment of Medical Inpatients with Narcotic Analgesics" (Ann Intern Med 78:173-181, 1973), focuses attention on a serious and generally unappreciated phenomenon. But they, as well as Dr. Sapira in his thoughtful editorial, have missed a major point by focusing on the physicians' inadequate pharmacologic knowledge rather than on his humanitarian orientation. More important is the generally inadequate sensitivity of those in the healing professions to human suffering and pain.To support my contention I pose two questions. If the problem was largely pharmacologic misinformation and if the house officers were indeed adequately...Reference1. JAFFE J: Narcotics analgesics, in The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 4th ed., edited by GOODMAN LS, GILMAN A. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1970 pp. 237-275 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: SEYMOUR M. GLICK, M.D.Affiliations: Medical Services Coney Island Hospital Brooklyn, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1973Volume 78, Issue 6Page: 974-975KeywordsAnalgesicsInpatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Two congenital neurological abnormalities caused by thalidomide.
Authors: R Murphy, P Mohr
Journal: BMJ (1977)

At the time of writing only two grafts remained patent, after up to two years' follow-up (see table ).One of the patent grafts was aneurysmal.No other graft remained patent for more than six months, and four patients had to undergo major amputation.The remaining four patients were severely disabled by claudication or ischaemic ulceration.Other complications apart from graft occlusion and aneurysm formation have occurred.One graft was insufficiently mature for use at six weeks, although maturation was satisfactory at 12 weeks.Both early failures (in cases 4 and 5) followed reoperation for reactionary haemorrhage, probably resulting from fraying of the graft at the proximal anastomosis.One of these grafts was removed two months after operation following a secondary haemorrhage.Infection was not otherwise encountered.Outcome of Sparks mandril graft Case Age Preoperative Fate of graft Present state of limb No (yrs) ulceration 1 63 Yes Thrombosed at 3 months Severe claudication 2 44 No Thrombosed at 4 months Healed above-knee amputation
Cutaneous reaction induced by vincristine
Authors: H. Nakashima, M. Fujimoto, K. Tamaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Cutaneous reaction induced by vincristine Get access H. Nakashima, H. Nakashima Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐8655, Japan E‐mail: nakashimah‐tra@h.u‐tokyo.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Fujimoto, M. Fujimoto Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐8655, Japan E‐mail: nakashimah‐tra@h.u‐tokyo.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Tamaki K. Tamaki Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐8655, Japan E‐mail: nakashimah‐tra@h.u‐tokyo.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 1, 1 July 2005, Pages 225–226, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06711.x Published: 01 July 2005
Mycotic Aneurysm of the Brachial Artery after Cure of Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: Alfred Hurwitz, Daniel B. Arst
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THE occurrence of mycotic aneurysm secondary to bacterial endocarditis is comparatively rare. In 1923 Stengel and Wolferth1 reviewed 217 cases, 187 of which had associated bacterial endocarditis. The sites of predilection were as follows: aorta, 66; superior mesenteric artery, 24; hepatic artery, 19; femoral artery, 16; splenic artery, 15; middle cerebral artery, 14; other intracranial arteries, 14; and brachial artery, 10. The authors pointed out that the most frequent sources of the primary infection, other than the heart, were located in the lung and in bone. Several attempts had been made to ligate or to remove mycotic aneurysms but, according . . .
Diffuse Lung Uptake of Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid Associated with Fatty Liver Disease of Pregnancy
Authors: MICHAEL J. BLEND, MIREYA DONDALSKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Diffuse pulmonary uptake of sulfur colloid was seen in a 35-year-old postpartum white female with the presumptive diagnosis of fatty liver disease of pregnancy. As the disease process resolved, the pulmonary uptake of sulfur colloid disappeared. To the authors' knowledge, this scan association has not been previously reported.
321 FUNCTION OF THE S100A8 AND S100A9 PROTEIN COMPLEX IN LIVER HOMEOSTASIS AND INFLAMMATION
Authors: L. Wiechert, J. Nemeth, T. Pusterla, H.B. Schönthaler, I. Stein, E. Horwitz, Y. Ben-Neriah, E. Pikarsky, E.F. Wagner, P. Angel, J. Hess
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Reactions of participants to the results of a randomised controlled trial: exploratory study
Authors: C. Snowdon, J. Garcia, D. Elbourne
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To assess views of parents of babies who participated in a neonatal trial, about feedback of trial results. <b>Design:</b> Qualitative analysis of interviews. <b>Setting:</b> Parents9 homes. <b>Subjects:</b> Parents of 24 surviving babies enrolled in a UK randomised controlled trial comparing ventilatory support by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with conventional management. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Views about contents of results, reactions to results, effect of hindsight, and importance of feedback. <b>Results:</b> Information about mortality was well understood by the parents but morbidity was less clearly reported. Even when the content was emotionally exacting, the information was still wanted as it removed uncertainty; provided an endpoint to difficult events; promoted further discussion within couples; and acknowledged their contribution to answering an important clinical question. <b>Conclusions:</b> Feedback of trial results to participants should be a consideration of researchers, but a careful approach is required. This study was based on a highly selective group of parents within a particularly sensitive trial. More research is needed to assess the extent to which these results can be generalised to other trials or to groups such as bereaved parents.
BACTERIAL VARIATION IN CULTURES OF FRIEDLÄNDER'S BACILLUS
Authors: Louis A. Julianelle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

1. Under proper conditions mass R cultures of Friedländer's bacillus may give rise to a number of variants which are dissimilar in colony appearance and morphology. Three such forms have been described. In two varieties, differences have been observed not only in colony formation and morphology, but also in cultural and antigenic characters. 2. None of the methods employed were adequate to cause reversion of any of the R variants to the S type. Growth of the R2 variant in its own antiserum, however, induced a change to the R1 form. 3. R forms of Friedländer's bacillus may be derived from S strains by aging or by growth in anti-S serum of the homologous type. 4. R strains may be isolated in culture directly from infection. In the cases where R forms were found, S cells were also present, and the pathological condition was of a chronic nature.
Deletion of TOP3β, a component of FMRP-containing mRNPs, contributes to neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Georg Stoll, Olli P H Pietiläinen, Bastian Linder, Jaana Suvisaari, Cornelia Brosi, William Hennah, Virpi Leppä, Minna Torniainen, Samuli Ripatti, Sirpa Ala-Mello, Oliver Plöttner, Karola Rehnström, Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson, Teppo Varilo, Jonna Tallila, Kati Kristiansson, Matti Isohanni, Jaakko Kaprio, Johan G Eriksson, Olli T Raitakari, Terho Lehtimäki, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Veikko Salomaa, Matthew Hurles, Hreinn Stefansson, Leena Peltonen, Patrick F Sullivan, Tiina Paunio, Jouko Lönnqvist, Mark J Daly, Utz Fischer, Nelson B Freimer, Aarno Palotie
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
Molecular Events in Tumor Development
Authors: Peter C. Nowell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

IT is now widely accepted that most tumors are clonal, arising from a single altered cell. There is also evidence that tumor progression, the tendency of a neoplasm to become more aggressive in its clinical and biologic characteristics over time, frequently results from a series of acquired genetic changes within the neoplastic clone, giving rise to subpopulations of tumor cells with increasingly aggressive characteristics. This evolution may occur, in part, because the genetic apparatus of tumor cells is abnormally unstable. An example was recently described in these pages1: the progression of a relatively indolent follicular lymphoma, in which all . . .
Treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with lenalidomide and dexamethasone with or without bortezomib: prospective evaluation of the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities and of previous therapies
Authors: M A Dimopoulos, E Kastritis, D Christoulas, M Migkou, M Gavriatopoulou, M Gkotzamanidou, M Iakovaki, C Matsouka, D Mparmparoussi, M Roussou, E Efstathiou, E Terpos
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in the environment of northern Italy, May 2011 to June 2012
Authors: A Prigitano, V Venier, M Cogliati, G De Lorenzis, M C Esposto, A M Tortorano
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

In recent years acquired azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus has been increasingly reported and a dominant mechanism of resistance (TR34/L98H) was found in clinical and environmental isolates. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of azole resistance in environmental A. fumigatus isolates collected in northern Italy. A. fumigatus grew from 29 of 47 soil samples analysed. Azole-resistant isolates were detected in 13% (6/47) of the soil samples and in 21% (6/29) of the soil samples containing A. fumigatus. High minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of itraconazole (≥16 mg/L) and posaconazole (≥0.5 mg/L) were displayed by nine isolates from six different soil samples, namely apple orchard (1 sample), rose pot compost (2 samples), and cucurbit yields (3 samples). Seven isolates had a MIC=2 mg/L of voriconazole. Seven of nine itraconazole and posaconazole resistant isolates harboured the same TR 34 /L98H mutation of cyp51A. These findings, together with the occurrence of resistant clinical isolates, suggest that azole resistance should be considered in primary patient care.
Sickness As Legal Metaphor
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

When in a surge of disgust at a particularly gruesome crime, we speak of its perpetrator as sick. Do we state a fact or are we indulging in metaphor? Because of our uncertainty, the answer often remains in doubt.  No such doubt can be entertained by a defense attorney when he pleads his client's innocence on medical grounds. The attorney should be convinced that the defendant is indeed sick and that the sickness is responsible for the crime. In order to transmit his conviction to the jury, the lawyer needs the help of a medical expert.  To give expert testimony, the physician must familiarize himself with details of the particular case, as well as with the frequency of crimes associated with the particular disorder on which the defense rests. He must know more about the prevalence of criminality among victims of specific diseases in order to put the case under