tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus-induced oxidative stress suppresses hepcidin expression through increased histone deacetylase activity
Authors: Kouichi Miura, Kojiro Taura, Yuzo Kodama, Bernd Schnabl, David A. Brenner
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Chronic hepatitis C is characterized by iron accumulation in the liver, and excessive iron is hepatotoxic. However, the mechanism by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) regulates iron metabolism is poorly understood. Hepcidin plays a pivotal role as a negative regulator of iron absorption. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the mechanisms that govern hepcidin expression by HCV. Huh 7 cells, Huh7.5 cells, full-length HCV replicon cells established from Huh7.5 cells, and adenoviruses expressing HCV-core or HCV nonstructural proteins 3 through 5 (NS3-5) were used. Hepcidin expression was significantly lower in HCV replicon cells and in HCV core-expressing Huh7 cells. The expression was inversely correlated with the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Anti-oxidants restored hepcidin expression in HCV replicon cells and Huh7 cells expressing HCV core. In HCV replicon cells, histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity was elevated at baseline and after exposure to hydrogen peroxide. Anti-oxidants reduced HDAC activity in a dose-dependent manner. HDAC inhibition increased hepcidin expression without affecting ROS production in HCV replicon cells. HCV-induced ROS stabilized the expression of two negative hepcidin regulators, HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha, and its expression was decreased by a HDAC inhibitor or an anti-oxidant. HCV-induced ROS also caused hypoacetylation of histones and inhibited binding of two positive regulators, C/EBPalpha and STAT3, to the hepcidin promoter, whereas anti-oxidant treatment of cells recovered C/EBPalpha and STAT3 binding to the hepcidin promoter. In addition, an HDAC inhibitor restored their binding to the hepcidin promoter via acetylation of histones.HCV-induced oxidative stress suppresses hepcidin expression through increased HDAC activity.
Policy determines drinking behaviour, says expert on addiction
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

An expert on addiction has backed the Scottish government’s stance on introducing a minimum price on alcohol.

Peter Anderson, professor of substance use, policy, and practice at the Institute of Health and Society at Newcastle University, said that alcohol was the number one cause of ill health and premature death in Europe. He said that creating an environment where it was easier for the public to make healthy choices was the best way to reduce dependency on drink.

“The more affordable it is, the more available it is . . …
Abstract 557: Galectin-3 binding protein produced by neuroblastoma cells stimulates the expression of interleukin-6 in bone marrow mesenchymal cells
Authors: Ayaka M. Silverman, Yasushi Fukaya, Hiroyuki Shimada, Susan G. Groshen, Yves A. DeClerck
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract There is recent evidence that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BMMC) play an important role in bone metastasis in several cancers, including myeloma and neuroblastoma. We previously reported that in neuroblastoma these cells are a source of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that promotes the growth and survival of neuroblastoma cells and bone degradation. We have recently isolated and identified Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) as a soluble factor produced by a neuroblastoma cell line as a factor upregulating the production of IL-6 by BMMC. Here we document the production of Gal-3BP in several neuroblastoma cell lines, in particular those without MYCN amplification that correlates with their ability to induce the production of IL-6 in BMMC. The stimulation of IL-6 by Gal-3BP is mediated by Gal-3, a multifunctional glycoprotein that binds Gal-3BP and is present in BMMC. It is also dependent on the activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK1/2 pathway by Gal-3BP/Gal-3 and is blocked by the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD980559. Transcriptional activation of IL-6 by Gal-3BP/Gal-3 requires a 115 bp region (−97 to −212) in the IL-6 promoter that contains recognition motifs for a cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) and a CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP). The expression of Gal-3BP was also examined by immunohistochemistry in 38 primary neuroblastoma tumors with (n=9) and without (n=29) MYCN amplification. This analysis revealed that Gal-3BP is paradoxically more abundant in MYCN non-amplified tumors. This unanticipated observation suggests a significant difference in the Gal-3BP/Gal-3/IL-6 pathway between subgroups of neuroblastoma tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 557.
Old Folk in Wet Beds
Authors: J. L. Newman
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Last summer I asked one of the leading English geriatricians what views he held on the problem of incontinence.His reply was, "We don't have any problem with incontinence"; but later, when I asked one of his ward sisters how many of her patients wet their beds, she looked around the 32 beds and counted them." Eight," she said.But they had no problem with incontinence,
The Value of Low-Value Lists
Authors: Adam G. Elshaug, J. Michael McWilliams, Bruce E. Landon
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urology/Urological Surgery
Authors: Lowell R. King
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The extracorporeal treatment of stones in the kidney or ureter has now been successfully transferred to the United States. Introduced in Munich a few years ago, focused high-energy shock waves are used to fragment upper-tract calculi. The anesthetized patient is suspended in a water bath that transmits the energy pulses. Chaussy and Schmiedt 1 now report that 885 of the last 1,000 patients so treated became stonefree after a single treatment. Large stones often required a second or third session. Overall, 96% of calculi are completely disintegrated. The fragments produced are typically small and are passed with little pain or need for analgesics (C. Chaussy, MD, oral communication, February 1984).  Stones in the ureter may quickly become impacted. If they cannot vibrate, the high-energy lithotripser may not be able to fragment them. These can often be retrieved with grasping forceps through the ureteroscope, however, and can be passed transurethrally to
Faculty shortages may thwart India's plans for more AIIMS-like institutions in every state
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Medical academics have warned that a shortage of faculty staff could hamper efforts by the Indian government to establish new healthcare institutions modelled on the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, in every state.

In its annual budget for 2014-15 announced on 10 July, the government pledged Rs5bn (£49m; €62m; $83m) to start establishing AIIMS-like institutions in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.1 And last month India’s health minister, Harsh Vardhan, wrote to 13 states—Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, and Tamil Nadu—asking them to allocate land for the proposed AIIMS-like institutions.

Vardhan, an otolaryngologist who holds the health portfolio in the new Bharatiya Janata Party led government elected in May, said that the AIIMS-like institutions will aim to “augment tertiary level healthcare and address shortfalls in health education” in each state. …
Two sisters with ANCA positive vasculitis.
Authors: E A Murphy, R D Sturrock, J G Fox, J M Boulton-Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Letters to the editor samples were tested by both solid phase assays.None of the 25 serum samples tested was positive for the anti-29 kilodalton ELISA.Four out of 27 serum samples were positive for the anti-myeloperoxidase ELISA and negative for antinuclear antibody testing.Anti-myeloperoxidase positive serum samples were P-ANCA positive (n=3) or immunofluorescence negative (n= 1).No marked hypergammaglobulinaemia could explain 'false' positive results by non-specific Fc receptor binding.No association was found between the presence of ANCA and either vasculitis or glomerulonephritis.The serum of one patient with relapsing polychondritis-Wegener's granulomatosis overlap contained P-ANCA at a titre of 1/20.Among the eight patients positive for ANCA, relapsing polychondritis was active in seven, whereas it was active in only 12 out of 25 ANCA negative patients (p=0 1, two tailed Fisher's test).These results suggest that low titres of C-ANCA are not specific for Wegener's granulomatosis and that ANCA (either diffuse or perinuclear) may be present in 24% of serum samples from patients with re- lapsing polychondritis, especially during the active phase of the disease.
Exclusive expression of proteasome subunit β5t in the human thymic cortex
Authors: Utano Tomaru, Akihiro Ishizu, Shigeo Murata, Yukiko Miyatake, Sayuri Suzuki, Satomi Takahashi, Taku Kazamaki, Jiro Ohara, Tomohisa Baba, Sari Iwasaki, Kazunori Fugo, Noriyuki Otsuka, Keiji Tanaka, Masanori Kasahara
Journal: Blood (2009)
Local Effectiveness of Sodium Sulphacetamide (Albucid Soluble) in Treatment of Experimental Ulcers of the Cornea
Authors: J. M. Robson, G. I. Scott
Journal: BMJ (1942)

pallor increased.The needle was removed and the head of the couch lowered.Two minutes later he was still pale: B.P. 85/55, P. 40.Five minutes later his colour was a little better.Twenty minutes later he was still rather pale, but feeling well: B.P. 95/60.Case 41.-Female aged 28.She was nervous beforehand, but had neither fainted nor been bled before: B.P. 165/95, P. 136.During bleeding she felt throbbing in the left arm, sick, " peculiar," and faint.She covered up her eyes and said she felt warm.Bleeding was stopped after 4 minutes, when 250 c.cm. had been taken.Two minutes later the donor was very cold and clammy: B.P. 80/55, P. 60.Eight minutes later she was still pale but not sweating; she said she felt better, and walked into the recovery room.After 33 minutes she said she felt quite well, but while the blood pressure was being taken she felt faint and lay down: B.P. 65/35, P. 60.After 43 minutes she was still pale; she walked across the room and sat down.At 56 minutes she was still pale, but felt well: B.P. 140/ 85, P. 96. 0 Case 42.-Female aged 28.Initial B.P. 115/75, P. 84.She was quite well during bleeding, but 3 minutes later felt sick and dizzy, but was not pale: she was sweating slightly.The head of the couch was lowered; 5 minutes later she walked to the recovery room, where she " flopped down on a bed."After two minutes, B.P. 115/75, P. 80; 20 minutes later, B.P. 100/70, P. 136; 38 minutes after bleeding she felt and looked normal.Case 47.-Male aged 26.This donor was very nervous and had often faipted before, but had not previously been bled.After bleeding for one minute, when only 100 c.cm. had been taken, he became pale; the pulse slowed and became impalpable.The needle was removed and the head of the couch lowered.He suddenly developed -a typical convulsive attack, during the course of which he was pale, cold, and clammy; towards the end he flushed and then became pale again,, recovering con- sciousness in 4 minutes.After 25 minutes he stood up; he was very pale and sat down again.Five minutes later he was still pale and feeling faint.Fifty-six minutes from the onset he was still faint and pale.Discharged and sent home by car.Before bleeding, B.P. 165/100, P. 80; at end of attack, B.P. 165/85, P. 60; after 8 minutes, B.P. 145/85
Clonal plasma cells from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia show different expression profiles of molecules involved in the interaction with the immunological bone marrow microenvironment
Authors: M Pérez-Andrés, J Almeida, M Martín-Ayuso, M J Moro, G Martín-Nuñez, J Galende, D Borrego, M J Rodríguez, F Ortega, J Hernandez, I Moreno, M Domínguez, G Mateo, J F San Miguel, A Orfao
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Changes in regulation of human monocyte proteins in response to IgG from patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Vera M. Ripoll, Anastasia Lambrianides, Silvia S. Pierangeli, Katie Poulton, Yiannis Ioannou, Wendy E. Heywood, Kevin Mills, David S. Latchman, David A. Isenberg, Anisur Rahman, Ian P. Giles
Journal: Blood (2014)
Birth Weight and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Black Women’s Health Study: Does Adult BMI Play a Mediating Role?
Authors: Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez, Julie R. Palmer, Hanna Gerlovin, Lauren A. Wise, Varsha G. Vimalananda, James L. Rosenzweig, Lynn Rosenberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

To assess the association of birth weight with incident type 2 diabetes, and the possible mediating influence of obesity, in a large cohort of U.S. black women.The Black Women's Health Study is an ongoing prospective study. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CI for categories of birth weight (very low birth weight [<1,500 g], low birth weight [1,500-2,499 g], and high birth weight [≥4,000 g]) in reference to normal birth weight (2,500-3,999 g). Models were adjusted for age, questionnaire cycle, family history of diabetes, caloric intake, preterm birth, physical activity, years of education, and neighborhood socioeconomic status with and without inclusion of terms for adult BMI.We followed 21,624 women over 16 years of follow-up. There were 2,388 cases of incident diabetes. Women with very low birth weight had a 40% higher risk of disease (IRR 1.40 [95% CI 1.08-1.82]) than women with normal birth weight; women with low birth weight had a 13% higher risk (IRR 1.13 [95% CI 1.02-1.25]). Adjustment for BMI did not appreciably change the estimates.Very low birth weight and low birth weight appear to be associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes in African American women, and the association does not seem to be mediated through BMI. The prevalence of low birth weight is especially high in African American populations, and this may explain in part the higher occurrence of type 2 diabetes.
Social Leadership — The Fourth Function of the Teaching Hospital
Authors: Joseph E. Garland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Massachusetts General Hospital, culminating on January 31 and February 1 and 2, 1961, in a convocation on world health problems, attracted warm attention in press, radio and television on a scale unprecedented among American medical institutions. The response to the old hospital's birthday from its own Boston community, the nation and the world was a revelation to those who planned the party.Such an outpouring of popular good will toward a type of institution that is not currently in high public favor was a portent. It suggests that large university-affiliated hospitals possess . . .
Concealed Accidental Haemorrhage of Pregnancy
Authors: D. Crichton
Journal: BMJ (1950)

The object of this paper is to compare the results of different treatments used for the severe or "concealed form of accidental haemorrhage of pregnancy; the obser- vations on which it is based were made in the Peninsula Maternity and Groote Schuur Hospitals, Capetown.Incidence Before discussing the main topic it is interesting to record the incidence of accidental haemorrhage and to note its .relation to the incidence of eclampsia.Accidental haemorrhage (all cases) accounted for 2% of all admissions to the above hospitals; and the severe or concealed variety for 0.7%.This incidence is consider- ably in excess of that reported by workers in other centres (Table I).For instance, at the Queen Victoria Hospital, TABLE 1.-Incidence of Accidental Haemorrhage with Attendant Maternal and Foetal Mortality
Pregnancies complicated by abnormally adherent placenta and sex ratio at birth.
Authors: T Y Khong, D L Healy, P I McCloud
Journal: BMJ (1991)

when we controlled simultaneously for age, ethnic group, and year and place of diagnosis of AIDS.For 771 (33%) of the 2329 homosexual men the likely source of their HIV infection was not recorded, and 22% of these had Kaposi's sarcoma.Frequency of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients who acquired HIT' by sexual contact according to country reported as possible source ofH117 infection No (%) of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma HIV transmitted by HIV transmitted by Country homosexual contact heterosexual contact British Isles onIv 119/625 (19) 0/20 Abroad, including: United States 171/551 (31* 3/8 (38) Africa 9/34 (26) 7/73 (10) Elsewhere except United States or Africa 77/348 (22) 0/12 *Includes 32 men (10 with Kaposi's sarcoma) for whom both the United States and Africa were reported as possible sources of HIV infection.
Factor VIII and Factor IX Concentrates in Surgery In Hemophilia
Authors: Irving J. Wolman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In "The Use of Factor VIII and Factor IX Concentrates During Surgery" by George and Breckenridge (<b>214</b>:1673-1676, 1970) the authors tell of highly successful results with 14 hemophiliac patients, but omit giving the protective therapy. There is only the mere statement that specific concentrates were used. How much? How often? At what cost? What was their source, the institutional blood bank or commercial firms? Any reactions? Preventive methods used to forestall reactions? How frequently were the factor levels on the blood titrated? Any development of inhibitors?
Surgery in Management of Patients with Leukaemia
Authors: A. S. D. Spiers
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Though leukaemia is not a "surgical" disease, the need for surgery in patients with leukaemia is increasing. Acute surgical problems in such patients present diagnostic difficulties, and accepted surgical principles do not necessarily apply in patients with very abnormal haematological and immunological features. The improved prognosis in some types of leukaemia means that elective surgical procedures, which formerly would not have been considered, may now be applicable just as they would be in patients with non-malignant conditions.Recent advances in the management of the leukaemias include several surgical procedures-for example, to facilitate intravenous or intrathecal therapy. Splenectomy is of value in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia when the correct indications are present, while early elective splenectomy, when no classical indications are present, may have a useful role in the management of patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia.
Imaging of Bone to Skin Sinus Tract from Osteomyelitis of the Femur by Tc-99m HMPAO Leukocyte Scintigraphy
Authors: IRINA RACHINSKY, SVETLANA AGRANOVICH, SOPHIE LANTSBERG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

RACHINSKY, IRINA M.D., M.Sc.; AGRANOVICH, SVETLANA M.D.; LANTSBERG, SOPHIE M.D. Author Information
Granulocytopenia after Treatment with Phenytoin Sodium
Authors: P. Turner
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Results of 750 estimations of serum leucine amino- peptidase on 671 subjects do not support claims that a normal level would exclude the diagnosis of a carcinoma of the pancreas.In our hands the test did not distinguish between carcinoma of the pancreas and other causes of jaundice; it merely denoted the presence of an obstruction to the biliary flow, without reference to the cause of obstruction.Only extremely rarely does this test yield information not already supplied by the established tests of serum bilirubin and serum alkaline phosphatase.ADDENDUM.-Ofsix further patients with carcinoma of the pancreas, tested since the compilation of this paper, five had raised values and one was within normal range.Our tbanks are due to Dr. E. M. Darmady and to the Board of the Portsmouth and Isle of Wight Area Patho- logical Service for enabling us to obtain a supply of the substrate before it was available in this country.We have also to thank the many clinical colleagues who co-operated in this investigation.
Inducible knockout of GRP78/BiP in the hematopoietic system suppresses Pten-null leukemogenesis and AKT oncogenic signaling
Authors: Shiuan Wey, Biquan Luo, Chun-Chih Tseng, Min Ni, Hui Zhou, Yong Fu, Deepa Bhojwani, William L. Carroll, Amy S. Lee
Journal: Blood (2011)
Return to Low-Altitude Sickness: An Entity That Doesn't Exist
Authors: G. Scott Tyler
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Migraine was not discussed as a cause of severe headache and nausea of several days' duration in the Question and Answer entitled "Return to Low-Altitude Sickness."1 Any recurrent headache with nausea is a migraine until proved otherwise. Only about 50% of migraine is unilateral. The neurotransmitter mechanism in the reticular substance that is the cause of migraine may be triggered by changes in barometric pressure, substances contained in certain foods such as a gringo menu of frijoles seasoned with monosodium glutamate and sharp cheese, wine, exposure to glare off an airplane wing, positive or negative emotion on returning to one's family, hormonal changes of the approach of the new menstrual month, or other factors unique to the individual. A "double dose" of two or more of these factors, for example, sitting on the sunward side of the plane going home as opposed to the shady side on
The holocaust and medicine—a learning moment
Authors: Uri Weinberg, Shmuel Reis
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A day after holocaust memorial day, I (UW), as an anatomy instructor, was preparing for a first year students' lesson with a colleague. A question arose, and we looked for the answer in the anatomy textbooks that we had at that time. We were surprised to find a copy of Pernkopf's Atlas , with its detailed manner and unique style of illustrations. Shocked and trembling, we came across an illustration of a neck dissection of a shaven headed man which, according to the illustrator's signature, had …
The Paradox of Exercise
Authors: Barry J. Maron
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Sudden death from cardiac causes often occurs during or just after physical exertion.16 In some cases, such deaths occur during organized youth sports,6 a circumstance in which the victims are regarded as the epitome of health and fitness and their deaths may become the subject of scrutiny by the news media. More frequently, sudden deaths occur in persons of all ages during recreational activities or informal conditioning programs.15 Such sudden deaths related to exertion have proved to be the consequence of various (often unsuspected) structural heart diseases; the responsible disorders depend on age.3,6 Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease . . .