tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Verbal Affective Expression during Group and Individual Psychotherapy
Authors: Volker Tschuschke, Rita Hettinger, Helmut Enke, Fernando Lolas
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

The paper deals with a comparison between verbal affective interventions by the same psychoanalyst in different therapeutic settings, individual and group therapy. Since the same therapist is involved, an exploration of interactional aspects of his therapeutic style becomes possible, taking into consideration his theoretical allegiance and his hypotheses about the structure and development of the psychotherapeutic milieu. The conformation of therapist-group and therapist-individual dyads shows a high thematic concordance across both settings, particularly with regard to separation anxiety, but also to a significant degree in relation to other verbally expressed affects. However similar the correlations do appear, there remain certain differences in the affective interactions between group or individual patients and the therapist that are due to developmental aspects of the therapeutic relationship in either setting.
Prevalence of Honorary and Ghost Authorship in Cochrane Reviews
Authors: Graham Mowatt, Liz Shirran, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Drummond Rennie, Annette Flanagin, Veronica Yank, Graeme MacLennan, Peter C. Gøtzsche, Lisa A. Bero
Journal: JAMA (2002)

To determine the prevalence of honorary and ghost authorship in Cochrane reviews, how authorship is assigned, and the ways in which authors and Cochrane editorial teams contribute.Using a Web-based, self-administered survey, corresponding authors for 577 reviews published in issues 1 and 2 from 1999 of The Cochrane Library were invited to report on the prevalence of honorary and ghost authors, contributions by authors listed in the byline and members of Cochrane editorial teams, and identification of methods of assigning authorship. Responses were received for 362 reviews (63% response rate), which contained 913 authors.One hundred forty-one reviews (39%) had evidence of honorary authors, 32 (9%) had evidence of ghost authors (most commonly a member of the Cochrane editorial team), and 9 (2%) had evidence of both honorary and ghost authors. The editorial teams contributed in a wide variety of ways to 301 reviews (83%). Authorship was decided by the group of authors (31%) or lead author (25%) in most reviews. Authorship order was assigned according to contribution in most reviews (76%). The 3 functions contributed to most by those listed in the byline were assessing the quality of included studies (83%), interpreting data (82%), and abstracting data from included studies (77%).A substantial proportion of reviews had evidence of honorary and ghost authorship. The Cochrane editorial teams contributed to most Cochrane reviews.
The Role of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Developing Nutrition Policy
Authors: Linda J. Cobiac, Lennert Veerman, Theo Vos
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2013)

Concern about the overconsumption of unhealthy foods is growing worldwide. With high global rates of noncommunicable diseases related to poor nutrition and projections of more rapid increases of rates in low- and middle-income countries, it is vital to identify effective but low-cost interventions. Cost-effectiveness studies show that individually targeted dietary interventions can be effective and cost-effective, but a growing number of modeling studies suggest that population-wide approaches may bring larger and more sustained benefits for population health at a lower cost to society. Mandatory regulation of salt in processed foods, in particular, is highly recommended. Future research should focus on lacunae in the current evidence base: effectiveness of interventions addressing the marketing, availability, and price of healthy and unhealthy foods; modeling health impacts of complex dietary changes and multi-intervention strategies; and modeling health implications in diverse subpopulations to identify interventions that will most efficiently and effectively reduce health inequalities.
RANDOMIZATION TO DIGOXIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVEMENT IN RENAL FUNCTION AND REDUCTION IN DEATH OR HOSPITALIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: INSIGHTS FROM THE DIGITALIS INTERVENTION GROUP TRIAL LIMITED DATASET
Authors: Jeffrey M. Testani, Meredith Brisco, Stephen Kimmel, Steven Coca, Anjali Owens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Sustained value of proadrenomedullin as mortality predictor in severe sepsis
Authors: D. Andaluz-Ojeda, R. Cicuéndez, D. Calvo, E. Largo, L. Nogales, M.F. Muñoz, P. Bueno, J.M. Eiros, F. Gandía, J.F. Bermejo-Martín
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
Peak Expiratory Flow Measured by the Wright Peak Flow Meter
Authors: C. M. Tinker
Journal: BMJ (1961)

HALLUX VALGUSBRrnSH 1EDICA ouRAL365and are commonly treated by surgical footwear.In a few of these patients in whom the hallux deformity is the overriding cause of disability, the osteotomy opera- tion has proved very successful.Summary A study of 149 operations for hallux valgus, using a wedge osteotomy at the base of the first metatarsal, is recorded.These operations had been carried out from two to ten years previously.The technique of the operation and after-treatment are described, and the technical difficulties of this operation as a cause of unsatisfactory results are referred to.Comparison is made between the osteotomy operation and the more commonly employed arthroplasty and arthrodesis of the metatarso-phalangeal joint, which, although successful in relieving symptoms, inevitably reduce the efficiency of the foot.Results are considered in regard to sympto- matic relief, anatomical correction of the deformity, and functional recovery; they show, further, that there is a higher prospect of success in the younger age groups.It is claimed that osteotomy of the first metatarsal can deal effectively with all the characteristic features of hallux valgus, and in the absence of other deformities will leave a normally functioning foot.It is an operation of particular value for adolescents and young adults.
Intermittent activation of bradykinin B2 receptors and mitochondrial KATP channels trigger cardiac postconditioning through redox signaling
Authors: C PENNA, D MANCARDI, R RASTALDO, G LOSANO, P PAGLIARO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Postconditioning (PostC) maneuvers allow post-ischemic accumulation of autacoids, which trigger protection. We tested if PostC-triggering includes bradykinin (BK) B2 receptor activation and its downstream pathway.Isolated rat hearts underwent 30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. Infarct size was evaluated using nitro-blue tetrazolium staining. In Control hearts infarct size was 61+/-5% of risk area. PostC (5 cycles of 10 s reperfusion/ischemia) reduced infarct size to 22+/-4% (p<0.01). PostC protection was abolished by B2 BK receptor-antagonists (HOE140 or WIN64338), nitric oxide synthase-inhibitor (L-nitro-arginine-methylester), protein kinase G (PKG)-blocker (8-bromoguanosine-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphorothioate), and mitochondrial K(ATP) (mK(ATP))-blocker (5-hydroxydecanoate) each given for 3 min only. Since 3 min of BK-infusion (100 nM) did not reproduce PostC protection, protocols with Intermittent-BK infusion were used to mimic PostC: a) 5 cycles of 10 s oxygenated-no-BK/oxygenated+BK buffer; b) 5 cycles of 10 s oxygenated-no-BK/hypoxic+BK buffer. Both protocols with Intermittent-BK attenuated infarct size (36+/-5% and 38+/-4%, respectively; p<0.05 vs Control and NS vs PostC for both; NS vs each other). Intermittent-BK protection was abolished by the same antagonists used to prevent PostC protection. Intermittence of re-oxygenation only (5 cycles of 10 s oxygenated/hypoxic buffer) did not reproduce PostC. Yet, cardioprotection was triggered by intermittent mK(ATP) activation with diazoxide, but not by intermittent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with purine/xanthine oxidase. ROS scavengers (N-acetyl-L-cysteine or 2-mercaptopropionylglycine), given for 3 min only, abolished PostC-, Intermittent BK-and diazoxide-induced protection.Intermittent targeting of specific cellular sites (i.e. BK B2 receptors and mK(ATP) channels) during early reperfusion triggers PostC protection via ROS signaling. Since neither intermittent oxygenation nor exogenous ROS generators can trigger protection, it is likely that intermittent autacoid accumulation and ROS compartmentalization may play a pivotal role in PostC-triggering.
The clinical implication of SRSF2 mutation in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and its stability during disease evolution
Authors: Shang-Ju Wu, Yuan-Yeh Kuo, Hsin-An Hou, Li-Yu Li, Mei-Hsuan Tseng, Chi-Fei Huang, Fen-Yu Lee, Ming-Chih Liu, Chia-Wen Liu, Chien-Ting Lin, Chien-Yuan Chen, Wen-Chien Chou, Ming Yao, Shang-Yi Huang, Bor-Sheng Ko, Jih-Luh Tang, Woei Tsay, Hwei-Fang Tien
Journal: Blood (2012)
Bleeding from Lacerations of the Cardia: The Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Authors: Arthur E. Baue
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Bleeding from lacerations of the cardia of the stomach as a result of prolonged or forceful vomiting was originally described by Mallory and Weiss in 1929. This sequence of events has occurred most often in alcoholics and elderly individuals with gastritis, but may develop in anyone with vomiting or retching. Such lesions are not common, but are important, in that they can be treated satisfactorily when this syndrome is considered. The diagnosis has only been made by keeping the possibility in mind and by operative exposure of the cardia when the severity of the bleeding necessitates it. Treatment has consisted of suture of the lacerations through a gastrotomy. Three successfully treated cases are presented. As familiarity with the problem becomes greater, this obscure cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage may be found more frequently.
LASTING BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EARLY ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
Authors: Chi-Jen Lee, René Dubos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

A lasting depression of body weight was consistently produced in SPF mice by infecting them orally 2 days after birth with a nonlethal, bacteria-free filtrate, prepared from the intestine of young SPF mice previously infected with an unidentified agent. Neonatal infection caused a decrease of muscle DNA and of muscle and brain protein in the adults. No other effect was detected in the chemical composition of various organs. Incorporation of (14)C-amino acid into the acid precipitable fractions of liver, kidney, muscle, and brain was lower in infected than in control animals. No difference in incorporation was recognized in the thymus and spleen. The free amino acid pool of adults, measured as blood levels of free amino nitrogen, was decreased by neonatal infection. Surprisingly, the food intake of young animals infected neonatally was higher than that of the controls, measured on the basis of body weight. Their fecal excretion of nitrogen was also higher. The comparative responses of infected and control adults to a stressful situation was measured by giving them intravenously the antituberculous vaccine BCG. Under these conditions, the mice infected neonatally excreted some 20% more nitrogen in their urine and 40% more in their feces than did the controls. The mechanisms through which neonatal infection caused a lasting weight depression are discussed in the light of these metabolic findings.
Pure red cell aplasia with thymoma: Evidence of T-cell clonal disorder
Authors: Michihiko Masuda, Yukari Arai, Takamitsu Okamura, Hideaki Mizoguchi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) sometimes accompanies thymoma. Herein, we report a PRCA patient with thymoma with a clonal disorder of T cells. A 55-year-old man presented with anemia and anterior mediastinum tumor. The laboratory study revealed hemoglobin 8.2 g/dl; leukocytes 15.8 × 109/L with 76.5% neutrophils, 20.0% lymphocytes, and reticulocytes 0.0%. Bone marrow aspirate smears and biopsy sections revealed normal myeloid and megakaryocyte differentiation and contained no erythroid precursors. We made the diagnosis of PRCA. The size of the lymphocytes was small without any granules in the cytoplasm. The surface marker of peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated increased CD2+, CD3+, CD4−, and CD8+ populations. The mediastinal tumor was resected and a thymoma diagnosed. A monoclonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor (TCR)- β-chain gene was found using Southern blot analysis of the mononuclear cells in both peripheral blood and thymoma. Treatment with prednisolone, thymectomy, and cyclophosphamide exerted no beneficial effect. After initiation of the Cyclosporin A therapy, the patient developed reticulocytosis. This PRCA case seems to present a neoplastic proliferation of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and thymus with a monoclonal rearrangement of the TCR- β-chain gene. Am. J. Hematol. 54:324–328, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Control of Hemoglobin Function within the Red Cell
Authors: Louis M. Sherwood, Edith E. Parris, H. Franklin Bunn, James H. Jandl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

HUMAN hemoglobin has probably been studied more carefully than any other protein. The traditional biochemical approach is first to purify a protein and then to study its properties under controlled conditions. Although such methods have proved valuable in correlating the structure and function of hemoglobin, the physiologic interpretation of the data obtained may be tenuous. For example, investigators have wondered for 30 years why the oxygen affinity of whole blood was considerably less than that of hemoglobin in a cell-free solution identical in temperature, pH and ionic strength to that of the red cell. It seemed likely that the red . . .
Study With Rubella Vaccine, Cendehill Strain, in Family and School Setting
Authors: Jorge Corretjer
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A total of 70 seronegative subjects were vaccinated and exposed 134 susceptible (seronegative) children and adults in their family groups and an additional 52 children in nursery schools. None of the susceptible contacts demonstrated clinical or serologic evidence of rubella. All vaccinates had a hemagglutination inhibition antibody response with a geometric mean titer of 55. The Cendehill rubella vaccine is an effective vaccine with minimal side effects, and its use carries little or no risk to susceptible contacts.
Effects of Low Habitual Cocoa Intake on Blood Pressure and Bioactive Nitric Oxide
Authors: Dirk Taubert, Renate Roesen, Clara Lehmann, Norma Jung, Edgar Schömig
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Regular intake of cocoa-containing foods is linked to lower cardiovascular mortality in observational studies. Short-term interventions of at most 2 weeks indicate that high doses of cocoa can improve endothelial function and reduce blood pressure (BP) due to the action of the cocoa polyphenols, but the clinical effect of low habitual cocoa intake on BP and the underlying BP-lowering mechanisms are unclear.To determine effects of low doses of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate on BP.Randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded, parallel-group trial involving 44 adults aged 56 through 73 years (24 women, 20 men) with untreated upper-range prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension without concomitant risk factors. The trial was conducted at a primary care clinic in Germany between January 2005 and December 2006.Participants were randomly assigned to receive for 18 weeks either 6.3 g (30 kcal) per day of dark chocolate containing 30 mg of polyphenols or matching polyphenol-free white chocolate.Primary outcome measure was the change in BP after 18 weeks. Secondary outcome measures were changes in plasma markers of vasodilative nitric oxide (S-nitrosoglutathione) and oxidative stress (8-isoprostane), and bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols.From baseline to 18 weeks, dark chocolate intake reduced mean (SD) systolic BP by -2.9 (1.6) mm Hg (P < .001) and diastolic BP by -1.9 (1.0) mm Hg (P < .001) without changes in body weight, plasma levels of lipids, glucose, and 8-isoprostane. Hypertension prevalence declined from 86% to 68%. The BP decrease was accompanied by a sustained increase of S-nitrosoglutathione by 0.23 (0.12) nmol/L (P < .001), and a dark chocolate dose resulted in the appearance of cocoa phenols in plasma. White chocolate intake caused no changes in BP or plasma biomarkers.Data in this relatively small sample of otherwise healthy individuals with above-optimal BP indicate that inclusion of small amounts of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate as part of a usual diet efficiently reduced BP and improved formation of vasodilative nitric oxide.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00421499.
97 THE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF ANGIOTENSIN-BLOCKING AGENT ON LIVER FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: M.Y. Kim, M.Y. Cho, S.K. Baik, C.S. Won, J.W. Byun, H.J. Park, H.J. Choi, H.K. Chun, S.Y. Park, Y.H. Kwon, G.J. Cheon, Y.D. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
GLUTAMIC-OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY OF SERUM IN MICE WITH VIRAL HEPATITIS
Authors: Charlotte Friend, Felix Wróblewski, John S. La Due
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

Experimental infectious mouse hepatitis is associated with an increase in glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity of the serum (SGO-T). A relationship appears to exist between the rise in SGO-T activity and (a) the size of the virus inoculum, (b) the blood virus titer, and (c) the degree of liver necrosis. Trauma to the liver following partial hepatectomy results in a rise in SGO-T activity in mice. Although mouse hepatitis differs from human hepatitis in the incubation period, histological changes, and natural course, both infections bring about comparable changes in SGO-T activity.
Dependence on Cyanocobalamin Injections
Authors: H. L. Newbold
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  The April 7 JAMA article by Drs Lawhorne and Ringdahl 1 ignores vitamin B 12 dependency disorders and thus may leave readers with the false impression that only patients with low serum vitamin B 12 levels require the administration of cyanocobalamin. Patients suffering from vitamin B 12 dependency disorders do not thrive without extra amounts of the vitamin.  The Merck Manual  2 states: Several specific disorders of cobalamin-dependent metabolism have been reported. In each there is some defect either in (1) cellular uptake of the vitamin precursor, (2) conversion of the vitamin to the coenzyme form, or (3) coenzymeapoenzyme interaction.... These disorders usually respond to massive doses of vitamin B-12 (1000 mcg/day IM).  Rosenberg 3 reported on vitamin B 12 dependency disorders, and I have published an article correlating psychological tests scores with serum vitamin B 12 levels in eight patients suffering from vitamin B 12 dependency
Abstract 1127: Bcr-Abl inhibition in leukemia cells creates metabolic addictions
Authors: Francesca Alvarez-Calderon, Vadym Zaberezhnyy, Lelisa Gemta, Mark A. Gregory, James V. DeGregori
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors are the standard therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). While effective in controlling disease in chronic phase, these inhibitors often fail to completely eliminate Bcr-Abl+ CML cells and also fail to achieve durable remissions for advanced CML and Bcr-Abl+ acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL). Our lab employed a large-scale synthetic lethal shRNA screen to identify genes involved in CML survival upon treatment with the Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor imatinib (IM) [Cancer Cell. 2010;18(1):74-87]. This screen identified several genes involved in energy utilization including a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase. CML proliferation depends on Bcr-Abl-driven glycolysis for energy production. Upon IM treatment, we hypothesized that these cells are forced to rely on other sources of energy including the TCA cycle and the electron transport chain, and that targeting alternative energy production pathways will enhance IM-mediated elimination of CML cells. Thus, we predicted that inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition would cooperate with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) to eliminate Bcr-Abl+ leukemia. Indeed, our experiments have shown that knocking down pyruvate dehydrogenase in human blast crisis Bcr-Abl+ CML cells (K562) greatly sensitized cells to IM in vitro. Conversely, supplementing the cell culture media with increasing concentrations of methyl-pyruvate protected K562 cells from IM treatment. Moreover, we found that the mitochondrial ATP-synthase inhibitor Oligomycin A (OA) also synergized with IM to kill CML cells in vitro. Interestingly, the doses of OA are far below the IC50 and do not affect the oxygen consumption rates, indicating that mitochondrial respiration is not inhibited. These OA doses alter mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increasing superoxide levels. In addition, OA enhanced elimination of Bcr-Abl+ cells by a Bcr-Abl TKI in vivo and prolonged disease-free survival in a mouse model of Bcr-Abl+ B-ALL. Notably, drug doses of OA used had no apparent adverse effects on these mice. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism as an adjuvant drug therapy may prevent the survival of residual Bcr-Abl+ CML cells upon tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This project is supported by pre-doctoral fellowship number F31CA157166 from the National Cancer Institute, and Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Grant Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1127. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1127
Corrective Surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: EARLE B. KAY, CID NOGUEIRA, DAVID MENDELSOHN, HENRY A. ZIMMERMAN
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Fifty patients with tetralogy of Fallot have had surgical correction of their complex defects made possible by the open technic during the past 5 years. The overall 5-year operative mortality was 18 per cent. This was reduced to 15 per cent during the past 2 years in 20 patients. Forty-one of the patients are alive, asymptomatic, and have normal physical activity. Ffteen patients have had cardiac evaluation studies including cardiac catheterization from 1½ to 3 years postoperatively. Thirteen patients had normal cardiac hemodynamics. In only two patients was there evidence of incomplete hemodynamic improvement even though marked clinical improvement was gained.