tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immediate hypotensive after-effects of posterior hypothalamic lesions in awake rats with spontaneous, renal, or Doca hypertension
Authors: R. D. BUNAG, A. E. EFERAKEYA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Journal Article Immediate hypotensive after-effects of posterior hypothalamic lesions in awake rats with spontaneous, renal, or Doca hypertension Get access RUBEN D. BUÑAG, RUBEN D. BUÑAG From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Kansas Medical Center, College of Health Sciences and Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas 66103, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ADEGO E. EFERAKEYA ADEGO E. EFERAKEYA From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Kansas Medical Center, College of Health Sciences and Hospital, Kansas City, Kansas 66103, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 10, Issue 6, November 1976, Pages 663–671, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/10.6.663 Published: 01 November 1976
System of Ophthalmology. Vol III: Normal and Abnormal De elopmen[ill]. [ill]a[ill][ill] [ill]: Congenital Deformities
Authors: Albert M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Indicating the vastness of the subject and the thoroughness of Duke-Elder's treatment, this large book discusses only the congenital deformities which are apparent at birth. Other congenital diseases whose effects are manifest after birth are to be presented in their logical place in subsequent volumes. After devoting a section to teratology both descriptive and experimental, the author goes on to describe congenital deformities of the eye according to their occurrence in the various ocular substructures. He concludes with chapters on anomalies of ocular motility, deformities of the head and neck, anomalies of the central nervous system, and multiple syndromes. The treatment of the subject matter is thorough and the author does not neglect to deal with a large number of congenital abnormalities of minor nature which have no pathological significance. From the clinical point of view, this is a most valuable feature and one frequently neglected. The illustrative material is
Acting as an Aid to Therapy in a Neurosis Centre
Authors: M. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Will and Duval (1947) have reported the treatment with unmodified E.C.T. of a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis in whom there was a rapid spread of disease.They quote experiments on rats and cattle which show that E.C.T. causes petechial haemorrhages in the lungs and they say these account for the activation of tuberculosis.They also- suggest that curare might, by abolishing the violent movements and post-convulsive hyperventilation, provide a greater degree of safety in the shock treatment of the tuberculous patient.The avoidance of cyanosis with our technique is a further logical advantage.We would like to stress the absolute importance of having available, and being familiar with, a suitable oxygen resuscitation apparatus before this treatment is undertaken.SummaryThe literature concerned with contraindications to E.C.T. and complications arising from it is discussed.The technique of E.C.T., modified by d-tubocurarine chloride and thiopentone with assisted respiration, is described.Fifty patidnts, untreatable by ordinary E.C.T., many of whom have been in a mental hospital for a considerable number of years, are reported as having been successfully treated by curare-modified E.C.T.Four cases are reported in full.The advantages of curare-modified E.C.T. in the various types of cases reported are discussed.
Effects of a Brief Office-Based Intervention to Facilitate Diabetes Dietary Self-Management
Authors: RE Glasgow, DJ Toobert, SE Hampson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE There is a pressing need for brief practical interventions that address diabetes management. Using a randomized design, we evaluated a medical office-based intervention focused on behavioral issues relevant to dietary self-management. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS There were 206 adult diabetes patients randomized to usual care or brief intervention, which consisted of touchscreen computer-assisted assessment to provide immediate feedback on key barriers to dietary self-management, and goal setting and problem-solving counseling for patients. Follow-up components to the single session intervention included phone calls and interactive video or videotape instruction as needed. RESULTS Multivariate analyses of covariance revealed that the brief intervention produced greater improvements than usual care on a number of measures of dietary behavior (e.g., fewer calories from saturated fat, fewer high-fat eating habits and behaviors) at the 3-month follow-up. There were also significant differences favoring intervention on changes in serum cholesterol levels and patient satisfaction but not on glycosylated hemoglobin. The intervention effects were relatively robust across a variety of patient characteristics, the two participating physicians, and intervention staff members. CONCLUSIONS If the long-term results are equally positive and generalize to other setting, this intervention could provide a prototype for a feasible cost-effective way to integrate patient views and behavioral management into office-based care for diabetes.
High prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia due to marginal deficiency of cobalamin or folate in chronic myeloproliferative disorders
Authors: M. Faurschou, O.J. Nielsen, M.K. Jensen, H.C. Hasselbalch
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an established risk factor for thrombosis. In patients with myeloproliferative disorders, thrombotic events are common. Our aim was to investigate whether the increased burden of proliferating cells present in these patients implies a risk of homocysteine (HCY) accumulation secondary to depletion of folate and/or cobalamin. Fifty patients (PV, 25; ET, 10; IMF, 15) and 163 healthy volunteers (HV) participated in the study. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 56.0% in PV, 70.0% in ET, 60.0% in IMF, and 34.9% in HV. The mean P-homocysteine (P-HCY) was 13.88 ± 4.24 μmol/L in PV, 12.78 ± 3.70 in ET, 11.34 ± 4.22 in IMF, and 9.71 ± 2.76 in HV. In PV and ET, but not in IMF, the mean P-HCY was significantly higher than in the HV group (P < 0.001, P = 0.028, and P = 0.163, respectively). Thirty-three percent of the patients with hyperhomocysteinemia displayed metabolic changes compatible with cobalamin deficiency (P-HCY and P-methylmalonic acid both elevated), while 67% were folate deficient (P-HCY elevated, P-methylmalonic acid normal). Supplementation therapy with the relevant vitamin was implemented in 11 vitamin-deficient patients and led to normalization of metabolite levels in all cases. No correlation between hyperhomocysteinemia and thrombosis was found. Our data indicate that patients with PV, ET, and IMF frequently develop hyperhomocysteinemia due to discrete depletion of cobalamin or folate. Vitamin therapy leads to normalization of P-HCY and should be considered, even though hyperhomocysteinemia does not seem to be of crucial importance for the thrombotic tendency in the myeloproliferative disorders. Am. J. Hematol. 65:136–140, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Mutant Gq/11 Promote Uveal Melanoma Tumorigenesis by Activating YAP
Authors: Fa-Xing Yu, Jing Luo, Jung-Soon Mo, Guangbo Liu, Young Chul Kim, Zhipeng Meng, Ling Zhao, Gholam Peyman, Hong Ouyang, Wei Jiang, Jiagang Zhao, Xu Chen, Liangfang Zhang, Cun-Yu Wang, Boris C. Bastian, Kang Zhang, Kun-Liang Guan
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Liver Scans to Detect Metastases
Authors: T. K. Chaudhuri
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  We read with great interest the article entitled Liver Scanning in Patients With Suspected Abdominal Tumor by Fee and others (230:1675, 1974). However, we would like to comment on their result. The techniques to evaluate hepatic metastases at laparotomy are several; namely, simple inspection and palpation, needle biopsy, and marginal wedge biopsy. Fee et al mentioned that at exploratory laparotomy, the liver was examined (we presume by inspection and palpation) in every case and biopsies performed in questionable cases (not in all cases). In our experience, patients with a positive liver scan had a perfectly normal liver by inspection and palpation, but biopsy (needle or marginal wedge type) indicated an abnormal liver. So, if the scan was positive and the surgeon inferred a normal liver on the basis of only inspection and palpation, it would be wrong to term the scan as false-positive. With needle or wedge
Corrigendum to “Long-term cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist therapy decreases bacterial translocation in rats with cirrhosis and ascites” [J Hepatol 2014;61:1004–1013]
Authors: Ying-Ying Yang, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Pei-Chang Lee, Yi-Chen Yeh, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Ying-Wen Wang, Tzung-Yan Lee, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Che-Chang Chan, Han-Chieh Lin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Congress Moves to Bolster Peer Review: the Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Congress, moving with unusual dispatch, has enacted an important new law that offers hospitals and physicians that engage in peer review broader legal protection against the threat of being sued by doctors who are disciplined as a result of the review process. In a fundamental quid pro quo, the law also requires professional societies, health care organizations, and insurance companies to report to a national data bank all disciplinary actions taken against physicians and all settlements and verdicts in medical malpractice cases.The new policies are contained in the Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986 (P.L. 99–660), which President . . .
VALUE OF THE TC-99m-ALBUMIN COLLOID-WBC SCAN IN WOMEN WITH POSSIBLE APPENDICITIS
Authors: C. S. Marcus, P. L. Henneman, J. A. Butler, T. A. Hall, S. E. Wilson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Marcus, C. S.; Henneman, P. L.; Butler, J. A.; Hall, T. A.; Wilson, S. E. Author Information
Oral contraceptive steroid plasma concentrations in smokers and non-smokers.
Authors: F E Crawford, D J Back, M L Orme, A M Breckenridge
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A study was performed to find out whether the overall rate of metabolism of oral contraceptives is affected by smoking and whether this explains the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in users of oral contraceptives who smoke. Plasma ethinyloestradiol and norgestrel concentrations in 311 women using oral contraceptives were similar in smokers and non-smokers. The overall rate of metabolism of contraceptive steroids does not therefore seem to be affected by cigarette smoking.
RhD Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Authors: John M. Bowman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn was first described in 1609 in a set of twins by a French midwife: the first twin was hydropic and stillborn, and the second was deeply jaundiced and subsequently died of what we now call kernicterus. The two conditions were not associated again until 1932, when Diamond et al. demonstrated that hydrops and kernicterus were two aspects of the same disease in which hemolysis of the red cells of fetuses and neonates resulted in extramedullary erythropoiesis, causing hepatosplenomegaly and an outpouring of erythroblasts into the circulation, a condition they termed erythroblastosis fetalis.1 Kernicterus . . .
The role of NHS gatekeeping in delayed diagnosis
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

How can people who need specialist care get it more quickly?

Say what you like about the NHS, but you have to admit it’s extraordinarily good at setting obstacles in the way of care. Sometimes it seems that the entire system is built on the principles of the medieval castle, with a series of redoubts, moats, and stout stone walls designed to defend against unwelcome intruders—that is to say, patients.

Gatekeeping is the watchword. Today even the gatekeepers have gatekeepers, those much abused receptionists in general practices who ration access to the GPs so assiduously that patients often get better before they’ve managed to arrange an appointment. Who’d be a receptionist when the clocks strike 8 am and the phones begin to ring? Only a service dedicated to keeping customers and providers apart could have devised a system so utterly demeaning. It turns patients into supplicants and receptionists into bouncers, neither being roles to which they aspired.

Two arguments are advanced for gatekeeping, one rather crude, the other more nuanced and intellectually pleasing. The first, that it saves money, seems to be true, in that studies have shown that systems with a strong gatekeeping function cost …
Globalisation of anti-doping: the reverse side of the medal
Authors: B. Kayser, A. C T Smith
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Current anti-doping policy is sufficiently problematic to call for debate and change, say Bengt Kayser and Aaron C T Smith Performance enhancement has always been an essential part of sport, but over the past few decades a strong movement against doping has emerged, in parallel with the rapid development of biomedical technology. This movement was led by the International Olympic Committee, which in 1999 formed the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). WADA now leads a global movement for harmonisation of anti-doping rules in elite sport, using repressive, punitive policies for transgression, and documented within the World Anti-doping Code and an annually updated list of forbidden substances and methods (www.wada-ama-org). Solicited by WADA, Unesco has proposed a convention against doping for signature by member states, adding to the pressure placed on national governments and sports federations to comply.1 This globalisation and harmonisation of anti-doping efforts is ostensibly reasonable since it is designed to enforce consistent rules throughout the elite sporting world. However, there are several compelling reasons to question current anti-doping policies. Inherent flaws and contradictions in the logic of anti-doping policy may have serious consequences for the health and wellbeing of athletes and for public health in general. This article summarises the problems of current anti-doping policy in accordance with the following postulates.
Photodynamic therapy with intralesional photosensitizer and laser beam application: An alternative treatment for nodular basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Manuel Ángel Rodríguez-Prieto, Beatriz González-Sixto, Alicia Pérez-Bustillo, Teresa Alonso-Alonso, Luis Ortega-Valín, Victoriano Martínez-Valderrábano, Asunción González-Morán, Ignacio García Doval
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Southall is barred for three years from child protection work
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A leading paediatrician, Professor David Southall, was last week barred by the General Medical Council from undertaking child protection work for three years. The GMC found him guilty of professional misconduct after he accused a father of murdering his children without having collected any evidence.

Professor Southall had accused Stephen Clark of murdering his two sons in April 2000, on the basis of an interview with Mr Clark that he watched on the Channel 4 documentary Dispatches . In the interview …
Penicillin After Splenectomy?
Authors: MICHAEL L. LEVIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 December 1972Penicillin After Splenectomy?MICHAEL L. LEVIN, M.D.MICHAEL L. LEVIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-6-1002_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article in the July 1972 issue of the ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, "Serious Infection After Splenectomy for the Staging of Hodgkin's Disease", comments that splenectomized patients, especially children, should be given prophylactic doses of penicillin for 2 years after splenectomy. The reference cited, "Relation Between Splenectomy and Subsequent Infection. A clinical study," by Horan and Colebatch, is a decade old. I question whether penicillin prophylaxis for 2 years is the optimal choice of therapy for such patients at present.Markowitz and Kuttner, in their bookRheumatic Fever Diagnosis, Management and Prevention, page 180, have shown how... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1972Volume 77, Issue 6Page: 1002-1002KeywordsChildrenHodgkin lymphomaInfectious diseasesPediatric infectionsPenicillinProphylaxisRheumatic feverSplenectomy Issue Published: 1 December 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Erasing the global divide in health research
Authors: J. d. J. Mari, J. M. Lozano, L. Duley
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Developing and developed countries are often viewed separately with respect to their health problems, health systems, and health services research. So although more than 90% of the world's “potential years of life lost” belong to the developing world, only 5% of global research funds are devoted to studying the developing world's health problems.1 Chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and mental illness are usually regarded as problems of the developed world, but, as people live longer, developing nations will need strategies to cope with the associated health burden. Morbidity and mortality from communicable diseases are largely problems of the developing world but there are notable exceptions, in particular HIV infection. And for many healthcare problems the solutions are the same, irrespective of …
THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CARDIOSPASM
Authors: PORTER P. VINSON
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In considering diseases of the alimentary tract, there is a tendency to overlook the esophagus as a site of pathologic processes. However, lesions in this organ are not infrequent. The one most commonly encountered, of course, is cancer, and the next is cardiospasm, which may be defined as a spasm of the musculature of the cardia or epicardia, usually so severe as to produce partial or complete obstruction to the passage of food into the stomach. It is frequently associated with moderate or marked dilatation of the esophagus. The first case of cardiospasm was reported by Purton, in 1821; seventeen cases were compiled from the literature by Zenker and von Ziemsen, in 1878. Through the recent writings of Einhorn, Plummer,<sup>1</sup>Sippy, Verbrycke,<sup>2</sup>Jackson and others,<sup>3</sup>the disease has become more generally known. The etiology of the condition is unknown,
First Things First: Protecting Children with Asthma from Infection with Influenza
Authors: Paul L. Garbe, David B. Callahan, Peng-Jun Lu, Gary L. Euler
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Currently in the U.S., approximately 7 million children (9.4%) have asthma (1), making it the most prevalent serious chronic illness among U.S. children.Clinically, the association of viral respiratory infections and asthma exacerbations has been understood for decades.More recently, infections with particular viruses have been identified as being particularly risky: respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and influenza virus are notable examples.In the spring of 2009, a new influenza virus (A(H1N1)pdm09 [2009 H1N1]) with pandemic potential was isolated from patients in the U.S. and around the world (2).Early data indicated that certain comorbid medical conditions increased the risk for hospitalization and intensive care unit admission (3).Persons with asthma appeared to bear a disproportionate risk, and local and state health departments along with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed and disseminated guidance early in the outbreak for persons with asthma and their health care providers.Early diagnosis and use of antiviral medication, along with public health practices like self-distancing and hand-washing, were emphasized.Persons with comorbid conditions (including asthma) were prioritized to receive vaccine once it became available.These recommendations, however, were more re-iterations of existing practices and policies rather than de novo interventions.As was consistent with previous recommendations, vaccination of persons with asthma was to prevent influenza because of the risk of increased disease severity, rather than increased risk of becoming infected with influenza virus.Analysis of existing data did not, at that point in time, support (nor refute) an increased risk of infection among persons with asthma.In this issue of American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Kloepfer and co-authors demonstrated an increased risk of infection with 2009 H1N1 influenza virus among persons with asthma.The opportunity to collect the data to demonstrate this finding was serendipitous: the authors had a well-planned, ongoing study of viral respiratory infection and asthma at the time the fall wave of the 2009 outbreak arrived in their locale.
Adoption by lesbian couples
Authors: S. Golombok
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Is it in the best interests of the child? 

The report of the American Academy of Pediatrics in February1 supporting the introduction of legislation to allow the adoption by co-parents of children born to lesbian couples sparked enormous controversy not only within the medical profession but among the public as well. Almost without exception, only the mother who gives birth to or adopts the child may currently be the legal parent, even in cases where a couple plan a family together and raise their child in a stable family unit. The academy has taken the view that children in this situation deserve the security of two legally recognised parents in order to promote psychological wellbeing and to enable the child's relationship with the co-mother to continue should the other mother die, become incapacitated, or the couple separate. This position is based on evidence derived from the research literature on this issue.2 The Washington Times described the stance of the academy as “an unfortunate surrender to political …
Why a sequence mode if synchronization would fit the cerebellum better?
Authors: William A. MacKay
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

The “sequence-in/sequence-out” model of cerebellar operation is mostly speculation. The same data can be interpreted in a very different way, making fewer assumptions. To wit, sets of Purkinje cells recognize a specific sensorimotor event and trigger a synchronous sensorimotor discharge.
The development of electrically conductive polycaprolactone fumarate–polypyrrole composite materials for nerve regeneration
Authors: M. Brett Runge, Mahrokh Dadsetan, Jonas Baltrusaitis, Andrew M. Knight, Terry Ruesink, Eric A. Lazcano, Lichun Lu, Anthony J. Windebank, Michael J. Yaszemski
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
THE OPERATIVE MORTALITY IN HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: HOWARD M. CLUTE
Journal: JAMA (1930)

In this paper I shall discuss all the fatalities that have occurred in the Lahey Clinic during the five years from 1925 to 1929 inclusive after operation in cases of hyperthyroidism. These operations have been done by the various surgeons in the clinic, so this paper represents our composite opinion and experience. It is my desire particularly to avoid the extensive use of statistics and statistical deduction and to inquire more particularly into the exact reasons for the death of these patients. When all risks are accepted for surgery, it is of distinct value to review the fatal cases after operation, since by this method it may be possible in the future to avoid the errors found to have been committed and also to devise means for the earlier and more certain recognition of serious symptoms and danger signals in operation for hyperthyroidism. During the five year interval, 2,128 patients