tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Controlled Double-Blind Evaluation of Antacids and Placebos in Peptic Ulcer Therapy.
Authors: Daniel Hollander
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Controlled Double-Blind Evaluation of Antacids and Placebos in Peptic Ulcer Therapy.Daniel Hollander, M.D., John Harlan, M.D.Daniel Hollander, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John Harlan, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-818_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe ability of antacids to relieve discomfort and to promote healing of peptic ulcerations was compared with that of placebos in a randomized double-blind study. Seventy-three patients with radiologically or endoscopically proved active peptic ulcerations were randomly assigned to placebo-treated or antacid-treated groups and were followed and evaluated in a double-blind fashion. They were studied as outpatients and ate a regular diet, avoiding only caffeine, alcohol, and salicylates. Pain relief was assessed after 3 days and healing after 30 days of therapy.In patients with duodenal ulcerations, 25 of 29 treated with antacids had pain relief, as compared with 17... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wilford Hall USAF Hospital Texas, and Albany, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 818-818KeywordsAlcoholsCaffeineDietDuodenal ulcersOutpatientsPeptic ulcersSalicylates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiac beta myosin heavy chain diversity in normal and chronically hypertensive baboons.
Authors: R D Henkel, J L VandeBerg, R E Shade, J J Leger, R A Walsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

We have identified two distinct beta-myosin heavy chains (MHCs) present in baboon myocardium by electrophoresis in gradient pore gels and by Western blots with anti-MHC MAb. The two beta-MHCs have molecular masses of 210 and 200 kD and share several antigenic determinants including an epitope recognized by a beta-MHC-specific MAb. A fivefold increase in the level of the 200-kD beta-MHC was observed in the hypertrophied left ventricles of baboons with chronic (5.3 +/- 0.7 yr) renal hypertension. A 60% increase (P less than 0.01) in BP and a 100% increase (P less than 0.001) in left ventricular mass to body weight ratio occurred in hypertensive baboons compared with normotensive animals. The Ca2+-activated myosin ATPase activity in hypertrophied left ventricles was decreased by 35% (P less than 0.05) compared with controls. Normal levels of the 200-kD MHC were detected in the right ventricles and intraventricular septa of the hypertensive animals. These data suggest that cardiac MHCs of primates may exist in alternative molecular forms that are indistinguishable by nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and that increased concentration of a second beta-MHC is associated with ventricular hypertrophy (r = 0.55). The functional significance and mechanisms that control the concentration of beta-MHC subspecies remain to be determined.
Policy of local excision for early cancer of the colorectum.
Authors: B C Morson, H J Bussey, S Samoorian
Journal: Gut (1977)

A policy of local excision or total biopsy for early cancer of the colorectum, when this is technically possible, has been described. This is based on thorough histological examination of the excised specimen with special reference to the completeness of surgical excision, the depth of spread of the cancer into the bowel wall, and the histological grade of malignancy. The results of this policy in 119 patients treated by local excision only have been studied. There have been 10 recurrences but only five of these are regarded as policy failures. Because of these good results it is suggested that the policy as described should be regarded as an established alternative to partial colectomy, anterior resection, and abdominoperineal excision in carefully selected patients.
Human antibodies that neutralize respiratory droplet transmissible H5N1 influenza viruses
Authors: Natalie J. Thornburg, David P. Nannemann, David L. Blum, Jessica A. Belser, Terrence M. Tumpey, Shyam Deshpande, Gloria A. Fritz, Gopal Sapparapu, Jens C. Krause, Jeong Hyun Lee, Andrew B. Ward, David E. Lee, Sheng Li, Katie L. Winarski, Benjamin W. Spiller, Jens Meiler, James E. Crowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Recent studies described the experimental adaptation of influenza H5 HAs that confers respiratory droplet transmission (rdt) to influenza virus in ferrets. Acquisition of the ability to transmit via aerosol may lead to the development of a highly pathogenic pandemic H5 virus. Vaccines are predicted to play an important role in H5N1 control should the virus become readily transmissible between humans. We obtained PBMCs from patients who received an A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1 subunit vaccine. Human hybridomas were then generated and characterized. We identified antibodies that bound the HA head domain and recognized both WT and rdt H5 HAs. We used a combination of structural techniques to define a mechanism of antibody recognition of an H5 HA receptor-binding site that neutralized H5N1 influenza viruses and pseudoviruses carrying the HA rdt variants that have mutations near the receptor-binding site. Incorporation or retention of this critical antigenic site should be considered in the design of novel H5 HA immunogens to protect against mammalian-adapted H5N1 mutants.
Predictive value of skin prick tests using recombinant allergens for diagnosis of peanut allergy
Authors: Catherine Astier, Martine Morisset, Olivier Roitel, Fanny Codreanu, Sandrine Jacquenet, Patricia Franck, Virginie Ogier, Nicolas Petit, Barbara Proust, Denise-Anne Moneret-Vautrin, A. Wesley Burks, Bernard Bihain, Hugh A. Sampson, Gisèle Kanny
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Measles — Forgotten but Not Gone
Authors: Samuel Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

In 1984 fewer than 3000 cases of measles were reported in the United States. This reflected more than a 99.9 per cent reduction from the numbers of cases that occurred annually in this country before the licensure of measles vaccine in 1963. Young American parents and health professionals are no longer familiar with this illness — its misery, complications, and sequelae.In 1984 more than 1.5 million children in less-developed countries died of measles and its complications. Through its Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) the World Health Organization has struggled to reduce the terrible mortality and morbidity of this and . . .
Control of the Na-Ca exchanger in isolated heart cells. II. Beat-dependent activation in normal cells by intracellular calcium.
Authors: R A Haworth, A B Goknur
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Electrical stimulation of isolated adult rat heart cells in suspension at 4 Hz resulted in a fourfold increase in the rate of sodium influx and efflux across the sarcolemma, with no change in total cell sodium, as measured with 22Na. The magnitude of stimulation-dependent sodium fluxes under these conditions averaged 17 nmol/min/mg protein. The increased rate of efflux was inhibited by tetrodotoxin, verapamil, or dichlorobenzamil and required extracellular calcium. The inhibition by tetrodotoxin was overcome by Bay K 8644. The basal rate of 22Na efflux in cells at rest was inhibited only slightly by dichlorobenzamil. The stimulation-induced efflux was not inhibited by ouabain, but in the presence of ouabain, stimulation increased the rate of accumulation of total sodium by 4 nmol/min/mg. This increase was inhibited by tetrodotoxin or verapamil. A calcium-dependent increase in rate of 22Na influx and efflux could also be induced by KCl addition. This was inhibited by verapamil and dichlorobenzamil but not by tetrodotoxin and was reversed by EGTA, but only after a delay. We conclude the following. 1) The Na-Ca exchanger in cells at rest is no more than 10% activated. 2) The exchanger becomes activated directly or indirectly by calcium that enters the cell through calcium channels during excitation. 3) In this preparation the major part of excitation-induced sodium fluxes are mediated by the Na-Ca exchanger, with only a relatively small direct participation of sodium channels. These channels participate indirectly by promoting calcium channel activation. 4) If all the calcium-dependent sodium fluxes were Na-Ca exchange, then calcium flux through the exchanger per beat would be about sevenfold larger than that through the calcium channels. An undetermined part of the calcium-dependent sodium fluxes, however, could be a direct Na-Na exchange through the activated Na-Ca exchanger.
Inhibition of Multiple Protective Signaling Pathways and Ad.5/3 Delivery Enhances mda-7/IL-24 Therapy of Malignant Glioma
Authors: Hossein A Hamed, Adly Yacoub, Margaret A Park, Patrick J Eulitt, Rupesh Dash, Devanand Sarkar, Igor P Dmitriev, Maciej S Lesniak, Khalid Shah, Steven Grant, David T Curiel, Paul B Fisher, Paul Dent
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

We have explored the mechanism by which inhibition of multiple cytoprotective cell-signaling pathways enhance melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) toxicity toward invasive primary human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells, and whether improving adenoviral infectivity/delivery of mda-7/IL-24 enhances therapeutic outcome in animals containing orthotopic xenografted GBM cells. The toxicity of a serotype 5 recombinant adenovirus to express MDA-7/IL-24 (Ad.5-mda-7) was enhanced by combined molecular or small molecule inhibition of mitogen-activated extracellular regulated kinase (MEK)1/2 and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) or AKT; inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and MEK1/2; and the HSP90 inhibitor 17AAG. Molecular inhibition of mTOR/PI3K/MEK1 signaling in vivo also enhanced Ad.5-mda-7 toxicity. In GBM cells of diverse genetic backgrounds, inhibition of cytoprotective cell-signaling pathways enhanced MDA-7/IL-24-induced autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and tumor cell death. Due partly to insufficient adenovirus serotype 5 gene delivery this therapeutic approach has shown limited success in GBM. To address this problem, we employed a recombinant adenovirus that comprises the tail and shaft domains of a serotype 5 virus and the knob domain of a serotype 3 virus expressing MDA-7/IL-24, Ad.5/3-mda-7. Ad.5/3-mda-7 more effectively infected and killed GBM cells in vitro and in vivo than Ad.5-mda-7. Future combinations of these approaches hold promise for developing an effective therapy for GBM.
Children with obsessive-compulsive disorder: are they just “little adults”?
Authors: Simran K. Kalra, Susan E. Swedo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects 1%–2% of children and adolescents. It is characterized by recurrent obsessions and compulsions that create distress and interfere with daily life. The symptoms reported by children are similar to those seen among individuals who develop OCD in adulthood, and the two groups of patients are treated with similar symptom-relieving behavior therapies and medications. However, there are differences in sex ratios, patterns of comorbidity, and the results of neuroimaging studies that might be important. Here we review the diagnosis and treatment of childhood-onset OCD in light of pediatric and adult studies. We also discuss current knowledge of the pathophysiology of the disorder. Despite advances in this area, further research is needed to understand better the etiopathogenesis of the disorder and to develop new, more effective therapeutic options.
Chemotherapy of Cancer: The Antimetabolite Approach
Authors: Charles D. Cobau
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This book, one of four in a "Cancer Monograph Series" by British authors, summarizes data accumulated about the antimetabolites since their introduction by Farber in 1948. Dr. Timmis writes as a pioneer in cancer chemotherapy whose contributions include busulfan (Myleran), a chemical widely used in the treatment of chronic leukemia. One of the most challenging problems in chemotherapy has been the inevitable induction of resistance to antimetabolites with continued therapy. Presumably, alternate metabolic pathways develop which bypass the inhibitory effects of the drug. The search for methods to overcome resistance therefore requires understanding of the precise chemical action of these drugs and a knowledge of normal and possible alternate metabolic pathways. With this background,<i>Chemotherapy of Cancer</i>approaches its subject. The monograph is organized into six chapters each dealing with a major chemical group of antimetabolites. Chapters begin with an extensive, well-illustrated summary of the chemistry and pharmacology of the
46 TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE (FHF) BY ENDOTELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS (EPC) TRANSDUCED BY AN ADENOVIRUS ENCODING CARDIOTROPHIN-1 (CT-1)
Authors: V. Fernandez, M. Kawa, M. Iñiguez, C. Berasain, J. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Routine Admission Testing-Reply
Authors: G. William Cole
Journal: JAMA (1978)

It is appropriate and feasible to interpret some laboratory tests as positive or negative. A serologic test for syphilis and a sickel cell preparation would classify as tests in this category. Both of these tests measure things that are not normally found in a patient's blood. For physiological substances, such as electrolytes or serum enzymes, the terms "false-positive" or "false-negative" are inappropriate. Nearly all of the most frequently ordered chemistry and hematology tests fall into this latter category. These tests usually do not dectect or diagnose a specific disease. Rather, these tests are used to detect or document problems or monitor treatments. In a hospital population, in contrast to multiphasic outpatient screening, these tests are used primarily as therapeutic monitors. A byproduct of these tests is their value in dectecting or documenting clinically unsuspected problems. Interpretation of results that lie outside the technical and physiological range is influenced
A 60th birthday present for the NHS from children's laureate
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2008)

“When I was asked to write a poem for the NHS it was almost like [getting] a present,” said Michael Rosen, The United Kingdom’s children’s laureate, at the launch of his poem, These are the Hands , on 4 December as part of the 60th anniversary celebrations of the NHS.

Born in 1946, just before the NHS itself, Mr Rosen says that he has his parents to thank for his enthusiasm for the NHS. He remembers them telling him how, before …
Outcome of conservatively managed early-onset breast cancer by BRCA1/2 status
Authors: Bruce G Haffty, Elizabeth Harrold, Atif J Khan, Pradip Pathare, Tanya E Smith, Bruce C Turner, Peter M Glazer, Barbara Ward, Daryl Carter, Ellen Matloff, Allen E Bale, Mayra Alvarez-Franco
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
Vitamin K antagonists in children with heart disease: height and VKORC1 genotype are the main determinants of the warfarin dose requirement
Authors: Caroline Moreau, Fanny Bajolle, Virginie Siguret, Dominique Lasne, Jean-Louis Golmard, Caroline Elie, Philippe Beaune, Radhia Cheurfi, Damien Bonnet, Marie-Anne Loriot
Journal: Blood (2011)
Athletic Facial Injuries: Call in Everyone
Authors: Ralph E. Wesley
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  The article by Drs Schultz and de Camara 1 provided an excellent review of athletic facial injuries. However, the statement that  of orbital floor fractures consists of surgical exploration and repair of the floor with either a Silastic sheet or cortical bone graft can be misleading.  While floor fractures associated with rim fractures may require repair, most pure orbital blowout fractures require no repair. In fact, orbital exploration and placement of foreign material exposes the patient to potential complications.  No two orbital surgeons in this country will agree on the exact indications for orbital blowout fracture repair, but readers should understand the treatment of each pure orbital blowout fracture requires individualized evaluation.
Venous leg ulcers and squamous cell carcinoma a large-scale epidemiological study
Authors: B. BALDURSSON, B. SIGURGEIRSSON, B. LINDELOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

In order to obtain a precise estimate of the relative risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in venous leg ulcers, we matched 10,913 patients with the diagnosis venous leg ulcer from the Swedish Inpatient Registry with registrations of SCC of the lower limb recorded by the Swedish Cancer Registry, and found 33 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer. After scrutinizing the pathology and case records, 17 cases of SCC were considered as being certainly secondary to venous leg ulcers, whereas in six cases of remitting/relapsing ulcers the connection was probable. The relative risk calculated on 17 cases was 5.80 (95% confidence interval = 3.08-9.29). The median duration of the ulcer before the diagnosis of cancer was 25 years. The mean follow-up time of the cohort was 8.5 years. We conclude that SCC is a complication of chronic venous leg ulcers, although the absolute risk is very small.
Hypertrophic Osteitis of the Clavicle
Authors: Hendrik Everaert, Hugo De Boeck, Kristoff Muylle, Tony Lahoutte, Axel Bossuyt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Hypertrophic osteitis of the clavicle is a rare disease that occurs in children and adolescents. This condition can be considered a manifestation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)—an entity that also covers osteitis of the anterior chest wall (known as SAPHO in adults). Clavicular lesions most frequently present as a unifocal manifestation of CRMO. Bone scintigraphy can be used to recognize eventual multifocality and helps in the diagnostic process. Diagnosis of CRMO is based on exclusion, and especially in the case of unifocal disease with inconclusive radiographic appearance, biopsy is mandatory to rule out malignant lesions. CRMO is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of localized and sometimes systemic symptoms of inflammation. The clinical course of the disease is self-limiting and is unaffected by antimicrobial therapy. Treatment is conservative and consists of antiinflammatory drugs if necessary.
Textbook of Men’s Health and Aging
Authors: Aman Nanda
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Suppression of Re-Entrant and Multifocal Ventricular Fibrillation by the Late Sodium Current Blocker Ranolazine
Authors: Norishige Morita, Jong Hwan Lee, Yuanfang Xie, Ali Sovari, Zhilin Qu, James N. Weiss, Hrayr S. Karagueuzian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Evidence Base of Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Thomas Ulahannan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Dr Knottnerus believes that, while ample attention has been given to the evidence basis for therapeutics, formal evaluation of diagnostic methods has been unjustly neglected. With The Evidence Base of Clinical Diagnosis he aims to help not only researchers but also clinicians and students who wish to get a grip on the scientific principles. One would be hard pushed to imagine a better example of globalization than this book, published by the BMJ in London with authors drawn from the Netherlands, the USA and Australia, type set in India and printed in Spain.

Contributors discuss the objectives of diagnostic testing and the challenges of designing studies to evaluate these procedures. The various options are dealt with in detail—for example, the cross-sectional study, the randomized controlled trial, and the before-and-after study as well as the systematic review—with a warning that results cannot always be extrapolated from one environment to another, such as hospital to primary care. The reader is offered formulas for calculating sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and other indices that will aid analysis. A chapter on computer-aided diagnosis adopts a general approach, and I would have liked more examples of how computers can change clinical practice (if they do). Of particular interest to me was a discussion of the psychological and cognitive processes involved in clinical reasoning; it offers practical tips on how an experienced clinician can impart personal strategies to students and junior doctors. I was less happy with the contributions on how to improve test-ordering, because they start from the assumption that a great many diagnostic tests are unneccesary and are requested for no clear reason. The discussion focuses, rather predictably and one-sidedly, on the use of medical education, guidelines and other doctor-oriented interventions to reduce test-ordering. The changes that have taken place in society—in terms of patient expectations and the ever more demanding litigation culture—are not really explored. One weakness of the whole book is a failure to examine the issue of diagnostic tests from the patient's viewpoint, and in particular the reassurance value that patients gain from a negative test result. And, not least, there are the vital medicolegal implications of having done or not done a diagnostic investigation.

My personal reservations about the book stem partly from its global origins. In many developed health system it may well be true that diagnostic tests are being over-ordered. I need to be persuaded that this applies to the British National Health Service, which has suffered rather from a lack of diagnostic facilities. Nevertheless, this well-written text will be useful to its target audience.