tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physiological factors associated with low bone mineral density in female endurance runners
Authors: M Burrows, A M Nevill, S Bird, D Simpson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2003)

To explore potential factors that could be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in female endurance runners.Fifty two female endurance runners (1,500 m to marathon), aged 18-44 years, took part. Body fat percentage, lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD were measured using the Hologic QDR 4,500w bone densitometer. Data on training, menstrual cycle status, osteoporosis, and health related factors were obtained by questionnaire. Dietary variables were assessed from a prospective seven day dietary record of macronutrients and micronutrients.The mean (SD) lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were 1.11 (0.11) and 0.89 (0.12) g/cm(2) respectively. A backward elimination regression analysis showed that age, body mass, body fat, distance run, magnesium, and zinc intake were the variables significantly associated with BMD. Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm(2)) = -1.90 + (0.0486 x age (years)) + (0.342 x log mass (kg)) - (0.000861 x age(2) (years)) - (0.00128 x distance (km/week)), with an R(2) = 30.1% (SEE = 0.089 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.23); p<0.001). Femoral neck BMD (g/cm(2)) = -2.51 - (0.00989 x age (years)) + (0.720 x log mass (kg)) + (0.000951 x magnesium (mg/day)) -(0.0289 x zinc (mg/day)) - (0.00821 x body fat (%)) - (0.00226 x distance (km/week)), with an R(2) = 50.2% (SEE = 0.100 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.22); p<0.001). The negative association between skeletal BMD and distance run suggested that participants who ran longer distances had a lower BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Further, the results indicated a positive association between body mass and BMD, and a negative association between body fat and BMD.The results suggest a negative association between endurance running distance and lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, with a positive association between body mass and femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD. However, longitudinal studies are required to assess directly the effect of endurance running and body mass on BMD, and to see if the addition of alternative exercise that would increase lean body mass would have a positive effect on BMD and therefore help to prevent osteoporosis.
Adenoviral expression of human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in nonhuman primates leads to an antiatherogenic lipoprotein phenotype by increasing high-density lipoprotein and lowering low-density lipoprotein
Authors: Marcelo J.A. Amar, Robert D. Shamburek, Boris Vaisman, Catherine L. Knapper, Bernhard Foger, Robert F. Hoyt, Silvia Santamarina-Fojo, Hollis B. Brewer, Alan T. Remaley
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
AN INQUIRY INTO EIDETIC IMAGERY WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS
Authors: SIDNEY S. SALTZMAN, SOLOMON MACHOVER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1952)

This inquiry is an attempt(1) to obtain experimental evidence concerning the nature of eidetic imagery in alcoholic subjects with histories of visual hallucinations, and (2) to determine the relationship between eidetic and hallucinatory phenomena. A group of 40 alcoholics (20 experimental and 20 control) were submitted to fixating and nonfixating periods on homogeneous and heterogeneous stimuli. The results were used to compare the existing differences between the 2 groups. 1. Eidetic images were reported by 3 subjects in the experimental group and none in the control group. 2. The after-images elicited by a 20-second fixated exposure of the homogeneous stimulus, reported by both experimental and control subjects, did not possess any significant qualitative or quantitative differences. 3. Eidetic images were reported one hour after exposure to the silhouettes by all 3 eidetic subjects but showed a decrease in mean duration and number of details. 4. The memory images of 20 control subjects were richer in detail than the eidetic images of the 3 experimental subjects. 5. The probability value of 11% for the experimental results is not significant and indicates the proportionality ratio of eidetics to noneidetics is a result of sampling variation. These results do not statistically substantiate the hypothesis of a relationship between eidetic experiences and visual hallucinations. Neuroanatomical and physiological approaches to this problem have brought forth confirmatory evidence indicating a close phenomenological relationship between hallucinations and eidetic images. It is not the purpose of this paper to equate the term hallucination with a genetically different phenomenon. The fact that the eidetic image is never confused with reality has been the differentia specifica between vivid mental images and hallucinations. One may say that hallucinations are mental images experienced in pathological states, while eidetic images are a consequence of a specific sensory endowment. Both the context and structure of visual hallucinations in alcoholics may be determined by the particular optic or brain centers affected by the drug, by the psychophysical make-up of the individual, and by intrapsychic and environmental experiences. Pending further follow-up studies, it appears that this experimental analysis shows that an eidetic endowment is not essential to the development of visual hallucinations in alcoholics.
S89 The use of Aspergillus Polymerase chain reaction testing to gain a further understanding of severe fungal allergic asthma:
Authors: JP Farrant, L Holmes, R Masania, L Chishimba, R Niven
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Severe Asthma with Fungal Sensitisation (SAFS) is a newly described phenotype of Fungal Allergic Asthma. There is much debate about the disease’s mechanism of action, the best method of treatment and how treatment with antifungal agents such as Itraconazole brings about the improvement in disease control that has been shown in previous studies. This study aims to answer those questions, through the use of Sputum Aspergillus Polymerase Chain Reaction testing as a method of determining whether a patient has pulmonary colonisation with Aspergillus. <h3>Methods</h3> PCR samples were collected between September 2012 and May 2013 samples taken clinically in the previous 2 years were also included. Patients had their antifungal therapy status recorded and received Total serum IgE and Aspergillus Specific IgE testing when providing sputum samples. The study was split into 2 arms. The primary retrospective opportunistic arm had a patient cohort of 135 who provided 254 samples for testing and analysis. The secondary prospective arm of the study looked at 10 patient’s commencing Itraconazole therapy. Patients received PCR testing before commencing treatment and then at every opportunity whilst on treatment. <h3>Results</h3> The primary study arm showed a 70% rate of pulmonary colonisation in the Untreated Severe Asthma population, which differs significantly to the 9% rate of positivity seen in the control population. The rate of PCR positivity fell to 23% in the SAFS population who were receiving treatment. The secondary arm showed that Itraconazole removed fungus from the airways of 9 patients; this was correlated with a decrease in patient’s total serum IgE’s. <h3>Discussion</h3> The 70% rate of PCR positivity in the untreated SAFS population supports the concept that patients with SAFS have pulmonary colonisation with Aspergillus. The study has also shown that the antifungal agent Itraconazole removes this fungus from patient’s airways and that is correlated with an improvement in patient’s disease control. This study supports the use of Itraconazole in patients with SAFS.
Detection of Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 7 and 8 genomes in primary cutaneous T- and B-cell lymphomas
Authors: E. Nagore, E. Ledesma, C. Collado, V. Oliver, A. Pérez-Pérez, A. Aliaga
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Detection of Epstein–Barr virus and human herpesvirus 7 and 8 genomes in primary cutaneous T‐ and B‐cell lymphomas Get access E. Nagore, E. Nagore Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Eduardo Nagore. E‐mail: eduyame@meditex.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Ledesma, E. Ledesma Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Collado, C. Collado Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Oliver, V. Oliver Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Pérez‐Pérez, A. Pérez‐Pérez Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Aliaga A. Aliaga Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario, C/Denia 20–6a, 46006 Valencia, Spain *Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular Sistemas Genómicos, Valencia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 2, 1 August 2000, Pages 320–323, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03657.x Published: 01 August 2000
Silent cerebral infarcts occur despite regular blood transfusion therapy after first strokes in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Monica L. Hulbert, Robert C. McKinstry, JoAnne L. Lacey, Christopher J. Moran, Julie A. Panepinto, Alexis A. Thompson, Sharada A. Sarnaik, Gerald M. Woods, James F. Casella, Baba Inusa, Jo Howard, Fenella J. Kirkham, Kofi A. Anie, Jonathan E. Mullin, Rebecca Ichord, Michael Noetzel, Yan Yan, Mark Rodeghier, Michael R. DeBaun
Journal: Blood (2010)
Small interfering RNA knocks down heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) and exacerbates pro-inflammatory activation of NF-κB and AP-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Y CHEN, R CURRIE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Heat shock and elevated expression of heat shock proteins suppress activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB. We hypothesized that knocking down the expression of heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) with RNAi technology would exacerbate angiotensin (Ang) II-induced inflammatory injury in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).Rat aorta A10 cells and human intestinal smooth muscle cells were grown without transfection or with transfection with HSF-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), or negative control siRNA. Cells were stimulated with Ang II (100 nM) to activate the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.HSF-1 siRNA significantly knocked down HSF-1 expression, and one of the downstream heat shock proteins (Hsp), Hsp27, in both cells lines. HSF-1 siRNA also affected cells stressed with heat shock or Ang II treatment. Ang II induced activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 in untransfected VSMCs, however, Ang II induced significantly higher activities of these pro-inflammatory transcription factors in HSF-1 siRNA transfected cells. Control siRNA had no apparent effect on HSF-1 and Hsp27 expression and Ang II-induced NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation.These data indicate that the knock down of HSF-1 exacerbates Ang II-induced inflammation in VSMCs, and suggests that heat shock proteins protect against inflammatory injury by suppression of pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as NF-kappaB and AP-1.
R5 Retrotransposons Insert into a Family of Infrequently Transcribed 28S rRNA Genes of Planaria
Authors: W. D. Burke
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

A small (100 bp) region of the 28S rRNA gene has been shown to serve as the target site for the insertion of non–long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons in both arthropods and nematodes. Here we characterize a lineage of non-LTR retrotransposons that inserts into this target site in the phylum Platyhelminthes. Dugesiid planaria contain elements, named R5, that insert 8 bp upstream of the target site used by arthropod R2 elements. The complete sequence of this element from Girardia tigrina revealed that it encoded two open reading frames (ORFs). The second ORF contained reverse transcriptase and restriction enzyme–like endonuclease domains similar to those found in R2 and R4, the elements that insert into the 28S genes of nematodes. The closest relative of R5, however, was the element NeSL-1, which inserts into the spliced leader 1 exons of nematodes. The rRNA genes of dugesiid planaria are unusual in that they comprise two types of rDNA units that differ by 8%–10% in nucleotide sequence of the 18S and 28S coding regions. Type II units are transcribed in adult tissues at levels that are less than 1% that of the type I units. R5 elements were only found inserted in the type II units, where presumably they cause less harm to the host. A second unusual aspect of the dugesiid rRNA genes is that the target site for the R5 insertion is duplicated 300 bp upstream of the original insertion site. R5 elements were identified at both sites. These findings expand the distribution of non-LTR elements that are specialized for insertion into the 28S gene and suggest that still more elements exist in other eukaryotic taxa. Attempts to trace the phylogeny of R5 did not offer sufficient resolution to determine whether R2, R4, and R5 represent the same lineage or whether they represent independent specializations for the 28S gene.
496 LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY GENES OF DONOR AND RECIPIENT DETERMINE THE RISK OF CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT INFECTIONS AFTER ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: B. van Hoek, B.F. de Rooij, W.R. ten Hove, A. Roos, L.H. Bouwman, A.F. Schaapherder, R.J. Porte, M.R. Daha, J.J. van der Reijden, M.J. Coenraad, J. Ringers, A.G. Baranski, B.G. Hepkema, D.W. Hommes, H.W. Verspaget
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Effect of p95HER2/611CTF on the Response to Trastuzumab and Chemotherapy
Authors: Josep Lluís Parra-Palau, Beatriz Morancho, Vicente Peg, Marta Escorihuela, Maurizio Scaltriti, Rocio Vicario, Mariano Zacarias-Fluck, Kim Pedersen, Atanasio Pandiella, Paolo Nuciforo, Violeta Serra, Javier Cortés, José Baselga, Charles M. Perou, Aleix Prat, Isabel T. Rubio, Joaquín Arribas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancers are currently treated with trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 antibody. About 30% of these tumors express a group of HER2 fragments collectively known as p95HER2. Our previous work indicated that p95HER2-positive tumors are resistant to trastuzumab monotherapy. However, recent results showed that tumors expressing the most active of these fragments, p95HER2/611CTF, respond to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. To clarify this discrepancy, we analyzed the response to chemotherapy of cell lines transfected with p95HER2/611CTF and patient-derived xenografts (n = 7 mice per group) with different levels of the fragment. All statistical tests were two-sided. p95HER2/611CTF-negative and positive tumors showed different responses to various chemotherapeutic agents, which are particularly effective on p95HER2/611CTF-positive cells. Furthermore, chemotherapy sensitizes p95HER2/611CTF-positive patient-derived xenograft tumors to trastuzumab (mean tumor volume, trastuzumab alone: 906mm3, 95% confidence interval = 1274 to 538 mm3; trastuzumab+doxorubicin: 259mm3, 95% confidence interval = 387 to 131 mm3; P < .001). This sensitization may be related to HER2 stabilization induced by chemotherapy in p95HER2/611CTF-positive cells.
Long-term follow-up of indocyanine green–assisted peeling of the retinal internal limiting membrane during vitrectomy surgery for idiopathic macular hole repair
Authors: Andrea P. Da Mata, Scott E. Burk, Robert E. Foster, Christopher D. Riemann, Michael R. Petersen, M.árcio Bittar Nehemy, James J. Augsburger
Journal: Ophthalmology (2004)
Clinical and histologic features of incontinentia pigmenti in adults with nuclear factor-κB essential modulator gene mutations
Authors: Smaïl Hadj-Rabia, Aude Rimella, Asma Smahi, Sylvie Fraitag, Dominique Hamel-Teillac, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Yves de Prost, Christine Bodemer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF PINEAL REGION TUMORS - COMPARISON TO HISTORICAL CONTROL OF PRE-CT ERA -
Authors: T. Fujimaki, K. Fukuoka, M. Shirahata, T. Suzuki, J.-i. Adachi, T. Yanagisawa, K. Mishima, K. Wakiya, M. Matsutani, R. Nishikawa
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The initial symptoms of pineal region tumors might vary according to histology and era. METHODS: The initial symptoms of 39 pineal region tumors who were treated at the International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University and whose initial clinical symptoms were well documented on charts were analyzed. Those symptoms were compared with those of historical control (HC) of 26 "pienalomas" (1), who were treated at the University of Tokyo in pre-CTera (mostly germ cell tumors, but some without histological confirmation). RESULTS: There were 32 germ cell tumors (germinoma 20, non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT) 12) and 6 pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT). Increased intracranial pressure (IICP) was observed in 20 cases (51%) which was slightly less than the HC (66.7%) (P = 0.17), The IICP was observed 40% of cases in germinoma, 83.3% in NGCGCT and 33.3% in PPT. Eye movement disorder was observed in 18 of 39 patients (47%) wheres that was only in 12 (33.3%) in the HC (P= 0.26). Abnormality in pupils was observed in 33.3% in the study cohort and in 25% in HC (P = 0.43). Diabetes insipidus, which suggests the presence of multifocal lesion involving hypothalamus was observed in 25% of GCTs of study cohort and in 19.4% in the HC. CONCLUSIONS: With the advancement of modern imaging modalities and accessibility to neurosurgical practice, the clinical pictures of pineal region tumors have been slightly changed but not significantly. Current pineal region tumors tend to be found a little earlier than the pre-CT era. (1) Fujimaki T. Ryoikibetsu-shoukougun series, 2000 SECONDARY CATEGORY: Epidemiology & Cancer Control.
Some Presenting Symptoms of Carcinoma of the Bronchus
Authors: J. P. Bush
Journal: BMJ (1949)

FAMILIAL PERIODIC PARALYSIS BDICL JOUNAL 1 lytic seizure of all four limbs and body.The patient, P, had been married for about three years.His only child had died of convulsions eight days after birth, but had exhibited no mani- festations of paralysis.No information was available regarding the patient's maternal grandparents.No paralytic disability was known to have occurred in his father's family.Iizvestigations.-Observation in hospital for a fortnight revealed no physical abnormality; the urine, faeces, blood, and spinal fluid were normal.Psychiatric investigation disclosed no evidence of a psychogenic basis for the palsy.As the classical features of familial periodic paralysis were recognizable in the history, attempts were made to induce symptoms.Four ounces (114 ml.) of glucose was given by mouth at 1 p.m. and again at 7 p.m. Weakness of the right arm and leg was reported the next day at 5 a.m., and of the left arm and leg at 6.15 a.m.By 10 a.m.all four limbs were in a state of flaccid paralysis with extinction of reflexes.Paralysis was profound on the right side, but weak movements of the left hand and foot indicated incomplete involvement of the distal muscles of the limbs on that side.Faradic reaction was abolished on the right side and feeble on the left.There was no motor disturbance of the trunk, neck, or head.The cranial nerves, abdominal reflexes, sphincter control, and sensory functions were normal.Urine was voided normally during the paralysis, but the bowel was not evacuated.Transient, mild glycosuria (0.02%), high acidity, and excess of urates were observed during the palsy.Results of systemic examination were otherwise negative.After a static period of about 26 hours, gradual return of power began distally and progressed to complete recovery in about 11 hours.Reflexes were restored later, but remained sluggish for about 18 hours, with coexistent aching and tenderness of the limbs.Four days later an attempt was made, without success, to provoke the palsy by sub- cutaneous injection of 10 min.(0.6 ml.) of adrenaline, repeated half-hourly from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.A spontaneous attack developed a week later, following exercise, the limbs of the right side only being affected.When paralysis was maximal 1 dr.(3.5 ml.) of potassium citrate in peppermint water was given by mouth.Symptoms passed off rapidly, with complete recovery in 31 hours, leaving slight post-paralytic myalgia for about two hours.As the patient's seizures were invariably nocturnal in inci- dence, a dose of dr.(1.75 ml.) of potassium citrate was ordered as a routine prophylactic measure every night.No further recurrences were reported thereafter.
Acyclic Retinoid Targets Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Signaling in the Prevention of Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development
Authors: Hikari Okada, Masao Honda, Jean S. Campbell, Yoshio Sakai, Taro Yamashita, Yuuki Takebuchi, Kazuhiro Hada, Takayoshi Shirasaki, Riuta Takabatake, Mikiko Nakamura, Hajime Sunagozaka, Takuji Tanaka, Nelson Fausto, Shuichi Kaneko
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops in association with liver cirrhosis, and its high recurrence rate leads to poor patient prognosis. Although recent evidence suggests that peretinoin, a member of the acyclic retinoid family, may be an effective chemopreventive drug for HCC, published data about its effects on hepatic mesenchymal cells, such as stellate cells and endothelial cells, remain limited. Using a mouse model in which platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-C is overexpressed (Pdgf-c Tg), resulting in hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, and eventually, HCC development, we show that peretinoin significantly represses the development of hepatic fibrosis and tumors. Peretinoin inhibited the signaling pathways of fibrogenesis, angiogenesis, and Wnt/β-catenin in Pdgf-c transgenic mice. In vitro, peretinoin repressed the expression of PDGF receptors α/β in primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSC), hepatoma cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Peretinoin also inhibited PDGF-C-activated transformation of HSCs into myofibroblasts. Together, our findings show that PDGF signaling is a target of peretinoin in preventing the development of hepatic fibrosis and HCC.