tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C Virus Genotype, Hepatitis C Virus RNA Titers, and Response to Interferon
Authors: Nizar N. Zein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 July 1997Hepatitis C Virus Genotype, Hepatitis C Virus RNA Titers, and Response to InterferonNizar N. Zein, MD and Jorge Rakela, MDNizar N. Zein, MDMayo Clinic and Foundation; Rochester, MN 55905University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582Search for more papers by this author and Jorge Rakela, MDMayo Clinic and Foundation; Rochester, MN 55905University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We have made an observation similar to the one described by Taliani and colleagues. In 60 patients with chronic HCV infection, we found that HCV genotype was a better predictor of response to interferon-α 2b than was pretreatment HCV RNA level measured by first-generation branched-DNA assay (Quantiplex, Chiron Corp., Emeryville, California). Patients infected with HCV genotype 2b had lower HCV RNA levels than patients infected with genotypes 1a or 1b; these differences were statistically significant. On the other hand, excellent studies by other investigators [1, 2] showed a clear ability of pretreatment HCV RNA values to distinguish persons ...References1. Yamada G, Takatani M, Kishi F, Takahashi M, Doi T, Tsuji T, et al. Efficacy of interferon alfa therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients depends primarily on hepatitis C virus RNA level. Hepatology. 1995; 22:1351-4. Google Scholar2. Toyoda H, Nakano S, Kumada T, Takeda I, Sugiyama K, Osada T, et al. Comparison of serum hepatitis C virus RNA concentration by branched DNA probe assay with competitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction as a predictor of response to interferon-α therapy in chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol. 1996; 48:354-9. Google Scholar3. Halfon P, Khiri H, Gerolami V, Bourliere M, Ferym JN, Reynier P, et al. Impact of various handling and storage conditions on quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus RNA. J Hepatol. 1996; 25:307. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Nizar N. Zein, MD; Jorge Rakela, MDAffiliations: Mayo Clinic and Foundation; Rochester, MN 55905University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 1Page: 89KeywordsAttentionForecastingGeneticsHepatitis C virusHuman leukocyte antigenInterferonsMultivariate analysisRNATreatment guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Breast Cancer Lighthouse
Authors: Sylvia M. Ramos
Journal: JAMA (1997)

New Media Breast Cancer The Breast Cancer Lighthouse CD-ROM, as its cover states, "lets newly diagnosed women, and their families, explore medical information and survivors' personal stories about breast cancer and treatment options." The CD has three main sections, which are offered at the very beginning. One can listen to women's personal stories about their experiences with breast cancer or go on to find out about cancer that has not spread (in situ) or cancer that has spread (invasive). The section on personal stories has a group of women of different ages and ethnic backgrounds speaking to us in their own words and voices. The section on in situ cancer is subdivided into diagnosis (biopsy, axillary node dissection, mammography), treatment (lumpectomy, mastectomy, radiation), and recovery (emotional, physical, family adjustment, and follow-up). The section on invasive cancer is subdivided into diagnosis, local treatment, systemic treatment (chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant, hormone therapy),
Right ventricular myocardial infarction
Authors: J. M. Isner
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE CLASSIC morphological features of right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) are illustrated in Fig 1. Necropsy observations1have established that RVMI is principally a complication of myocardial infarction involving the posterior (inferior) free wall of the left ventricle. Moreover, transmural infarction of the posterior ventricular septum is an additional prerequisite for RVMI. The extent of right ventricular free-wall involvement forms the basis for anatomic classification of RVMI (Fig 2).1,2Most cases of RVMI examined at necropsy are limited to the posterior right ventricular free wall. Analysis of RVMI by anatomic grades has disclosed that extensive RVMI is not required to express disturbed hemodynamics.1,2When profound hemodynamic alterations are observed in association with an anatomically small RVMI, eg, grade I, the discrepancy may be due to temporary stunning of the adjacent, noninfarcted portion of the right ventricular free wall (Fig 3). Thus, clinically dominant RVMI3does not
Automated Detection of Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Hospitals: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Susan S. Huang, Deborah S. Yokoe, John Stelling, Hilary Placzek, Martin Kulldorff, Ken Kleinman, Thomas F. O'Brien, Michael S. Calderwood, Johanna Vostok, Julie Dunn, Richard Platt
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

Susan Huang and colleagues describe an automated statistical software, WHONET-SaTScan, its application in a hospital, and the potential it has to identify hospital infection clusters that had escaped routine detection.
RISK OF SILENT AND APPARENT CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA AFTER TRANSFEMORAL AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Philipp Kahlert, Stephan C. Knipp, Marc Schlamann, Matthias Thielmann, Fadi Al-Rashid, Marcel Weber, Uwe Johansson, Daniel Wendt, Heinz Jakob, Michael Forsting, Stefan Sack, Raimund Erbel, Holger Eggebrecht
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Collagen Content Is Significantly Lower in Restenotic Versus Nonrestenotic Vessels After Balloon Angioplasty in the Atherosclerotic Rabbit Model
Authors: William D. Coats, Peter Whittaker, David T. Cheung, Jesse W. Currier, Bo Han, David P. Faxon
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background It is recognized that restenosis is primarily due to alterations in geometric remodeling of the extracellular matrix rather than intimal hyperplasia. Prior studies have shown that angioplasty stimulates an increase in both synthesis and degradation of collagen in the atherosclerotic vessel. However, differences in collagen content and metabolism between restenotic and nonrestenotic vessels have not been examined. Methods and Results Four weeks after angioplasty in an atherosclerotic rabbit model, collagen content in restenotic and nonrestenotic vessels was measured both biochemically by hydroxyproline quantitation and histologically by a digital subtraction method with the use of circularly polarized images of picrosirius red–stained sections. Collagenase and gelatinase activity also were measured in the same restenotic and nonrestenotic vessels by use of a radiosubstrate assay. Collagen content was found to be significantly lower in restenotic vessels than in nonrestenotic vessels both biochemically (127.0±32.6 versus 212.6±84.3 μg/mg tissue; n=11 vessels; P &lt;.05) and histologically (67.3±7.9% versus 76.3±11.8% area fraction; n=20 sections from 6 vessels; P =.05). There was a significant inverse correlation between biochemically determined collagen content and gelatinase activity ( P =.02) and a significant correlation between histologically determined lumen area and percent collagen content ( P =.0071). Conclusions Collagen content is significantly decreased in restenotic versus nonrestenotic vessels after angioplasty in the atherosclerotic rabbit model. The increased collagen content in nonrestenotic vessels was associated with preserved lumen area and may play a role in geometric remodeling after angioplasty.
Cytochrome b deficiency in an autosomal form of chronic granulomatous disease. A third form of chronic granulomatous disease recognized by monocyte hybridization.
Authors: R S Weening, L Corbeel, M de Boer, R Lutter, R van Zwieten, M N Hamers, D Roos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Three patients (two sisters and a brother) in one family are described with chronic granulomatous disease. The granulocytes of these patients did not respond with a metabolic burst to various stimuli and failed to kill catalase-positive microorganisms. The magnitude of the cytochrome b signal in the optical spectrum of the patients' granulocytes was less than 4% of the normal value, whereas the amount of noncovalently bound flavin in these cells was normal. The mode of inheritance of the genetic defect in this family is autosomal because the granulocytes of both parents (first cousins) and a nonaffected sister of the patients expressed 70-80% of the normal cytochrome b signal, showed low-normal or subnormal oxidative reactions during stimulation, and did not display mosaicism in the stimulated nitroblue-tetrazolium slide test. Somatic cell hybridization was performed between the monocytes from the affected boy in this family with monocytes from either a cytochrome b-negative male patient with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease or a cytochrome b-positive male patient with the classic autosomal form of this disease. In both combinations, monocyte hybrids were observed with nitroblue tetrazolium reductase activity after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. This complementation of the oxidase activity required protein synthesis. Our results prove that the defect in this family is genetically distinct from that in the other two forms of chronic granulomatous disease. Moreover, our results also indicate that the expression of cytochrome b in human phagocytes is coded by at least two loci, one on the X chromosome and one on an autosome.
Informal complaints procedure in general practice
Authors: V S Samaratunga
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - P C Pietroni and S de Uray-Ura's paper reporting their experience of an informal complaints procedure in general practice raises several issues.1 Firstly, a patient liaison worker was chosen to handle the complaints, and this person may have been viewed as a member of the practice team. The patients may have wondered whether complaints would be resolved …
Commentary: Measuring the Candidates on Health Care
Authors: A C Enthoven
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The standard I use to evaluate the candidates' positions on health care reform is the Jackson Hole Group initiative, a comprehensive proposal to remedy many sources of market failure and inequity in our present system, to foster an effective, decentralized market in the private sector, and to ensure everyone's access to it.1 , 2 The Jackson Hole Group is an informal group of health profession and industry leaders and policy analysts who meet periodically in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The group's proposal has five key elements, dealing with integrated financing and delivery of health care, managed competition, health insurance for small groups of . . .
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopic Ethanol Injection for Intrabiliary Tumor Thrombi Due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: H. Yamamoto, N. Hayakawa, M. Nagino, J. Kamiya, Y. Nimura
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Interventional treatments such as transcatheter arterial embolization and placement of a biliary endoprosthesis have been carried out in cases of inoperable hepatobiliary malignancy. We report here a case of recurrent intrabiliary tumor thrombi due to hepatocellular carcinoma, successfully treated by cholangioscopic ethanol injection in which the intrabiliary tumor thrombi were completely eliminated.
GPs earnings fall for third year
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Latest figures show that the average income of contractor GPs fell for a third year running to £105 300 before tax.

The report from the NHS Information Centre shows that although the gross earnings for GP partners have risen, these have been outstripped by the increased costs of running a practice.

The report analysed the self employed tax returns of full and part time GPs and covers both their NHS and private income. Since 2005-6 average income before tax for contractor GPs has been steadily falling …
Multiple Myeloma in a Husband and Wife
Authors: Carl G. Kardinal
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The cause of hematopoietic malignant neoplasms is unknown, but epidemiologic studies in Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia are suggestive that these diseases may be transmissible.<sup>1,2</sup>Myeloma has been reported in four sets of spouses by Kyle et al,<sup>3</sup>and the search for other instances was requested. The fifth such occurrence is herein reported in a nonconsanguineous couple. <h3>Report of Cases.—</h3> Husband.—A 59-year-old white man came to the hospital in May 1958 because of back and shoulder pain. A roentgenogram of the left shoulder showed bone destruction of the lateral third of the clavicle. A biopsy specimen of the clavicle demonstrated a plasma cell neoplasm. Further evaluation revealed a total serum protein level of 6.6 g/dl, and plasma cells constituted 27% of the nucleated cells present in a bone marrow aspirate. He was treated with radiation therapy to the left shoulder and released. In September
THE EFFICACY OF THE FIFA 11+ PROGRAM IN THE COLLEGIATE MALE SOCCER PLAYER (USA)
Authors: H Silvers, B Mandelbaum, M Bizzini, J Dvorak
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background The efficacy of the FIFA 11+ program in collegiate soccer. Objective Can the FIFA 11+ effectively reduce injury in the competitive male soccer player?. Design Prospective randomized controlled trial conducted in the NCAA. Every institution (N=411) was contacted via a formal letter, email and phone call. Sixty-one institutions consented to participate. Human ethics approval was acquired through Quorum IRB, Seattle, WA, USA. The intervention group received an instructional DVD, manual and placards. A injury surveillance database was utilized (HealtheAthlete TM , Kansas) for data collection. Every exposure, injury, and compliance data was entered weekly. Setting NCAA institutions playing competitive soccer. Participants 61 institutions completed the study: 34 control (N=850 athletes) and 27 intervention (N=675 athletes). Intervention The FIFA 11+ injury prevention program served as the intervention program. It was utilized three times per week for the duration of the season. Main outcome measurements Specific injuries, athletic exposures, program compliance and time loss were recorded. Results In the intervention Group (IG), 285 injuries were reported (mean=10.56 injuries/team+/− 3.64) compared to 665 injuries (mean=20.15 +/− 11.01) in the control group (CG). The number of athletic exposures was 35,226 (Games: 10 935 AE, Practice: 24 291AE) for the IG and 44 212 (Games: 13 624 AE, Practice: 30 588 AE) in the CG). The incidence rate (IR) was 8.09/1000 AE (95% CI) in the IG compared to 15.04/1000 AE (95% CI) in the CG (P=.00117). Total days missed due to injury was 2 824 (mean=9.94) in the IG compared to 8776 days (mean=13.20) in the CG. Conclusions: The FIFA 11+ was shown to reduce injury rates and time loss in the male collegiate soccer player in a statistically significant manner.
Response to Comment on: Leeds et al. High Prevalence of Microvascular Complications in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Newly Diagnosed Celiac Disease. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2158–2163
Authors: John S. Leeds, Andrew D. Hopper, Marios Hadjivassiliou, Solomon Tesfaye, David S. Sanders
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

We thank Bakker et al. (1) for their interest in our study (2) and are grateful for the opportunity to respond to their comments. Contention remains as to whether patients with type 1 diabetes should be routinely tested for celiac disease (CD), and the true effect of concomitant CD on microvascular complications has not been well studied (3). Our study set out to examine the prevalence of CD in type 1 diabetes and identified 12 new cases. This …
Extra-Articular Inflammatory Sites Detected by F-18 FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Dalton Alexandre dos Anjos, Georges Ferreira do Vale, Cejana de Mello Campos, Leonardo Fonseca Monteiro do Prado, Alaor Barra Sobrinho, Alexandre Lima Rodrigues da Cunha, Anna Carolina Moraes Santos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease whose etiology is still unknown. Extra-articular manifestations are not uncommon. F-18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a useful tool to assess neoplastic diseases. However, some inflammatory conditions may also show high F-18 FDG uptake. We report a symptomatic rheumatoid arthritis patient showing marked F-18 FDG uptake in subcutaneous nodules, and cervical, supraclavicular, axillary, and pelvic lymph nodes. Detection of extra-articular inflammatory sites may improve our knowledge about inflammatory disorders of unknown etiology, and will certainly improve their management in the future. F-18 FDG PET/CT false-positives results for malignancy may be avoided in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Low-Voltage, Direct-Current Burns
Authors: Michael N. Leeming
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Burns were caused by 14VDC from a regular electrosurgical device which appeared to be in good working condition. On testing, contact with voltages as low as 3VDC were found to cause electrochemical burns due to the electrolysis of saline. Conductive jellies, liquids, pastes, and pads which are used frequently also undergo electrolysis in the presence of direct current and can burn the patient. As many newer medical electronic devices can give off low voltage, direct current, not perceptible on brief contact, the incidence of burns is likely to rise, unless the risks of such equipment are appreciated.
[410] HEPADNAVIRUS NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN INHIBITS CD4+ T CELL RESPONSE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: L. Ochoa, P. Berraondo, J. Crettaz, I. Otano, A. Pafieda, A. Vales, C. Olagiie, P. Sarobe, J. Prieto, G. Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Can paternal preconceptional radiation account for the increase of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Seascale?
Authors: L J Kinlen
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine if the excess of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma in Seascale is restricted to those born in the parish and whether it might be explained by the postulated relation with paternal preconceptional radiation. DESIGN--Comparison, separately for those born in the parish and those born elsewhere, of the numbers of these malignancies observed in Seascale with those expected on the basis of reference rates for England and Wales. Details of paternal radiation levels were sought for each case. SETTING--The parish of Seascale in west Cumbria. SUBJECTS--Residents of Seascale below age 25 years in the years 1951-91. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--The observed and expected numbers of cases of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma within Seascale among those born there and among those born elsewhere. Also, the levels of any paternal preconceptional radiation associated with each case. RESULTS--A significant excess of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma at ages 0-24 was found in Seascale in those who were born there (ratio of observed to expected cases 8.6 and 20.2 respectively; p &lt; 0.01). This also applied to those not born there (7.2 and 16.5; p &lt; 0.01), a group often regarded as not showing an excess. The estimates were then conservatively recalculated so as to overestimate the risks among those born in Seascale and underestimate them among those born elsewhere. On this basis the six cases in those born in Seascale compare with 0.38 expected (15.8; p &lt; 0.001), of which two were associated with paternal preconceptional life-time levels of 100 mSv or greater and three others with levels of 90-99 mSv. Among those born elsewhere, there were five cases (expected 0.74; ratio 6.7, p &lt; 0.01), of which only one was associated with a high level of such radiation. CONCLUSIONS--Paternal preconceptional radiation cannot be the sole cause of the excess in Seascale since it will not explain the excess among those born outside Seascale. It follows that, unless two causes are to be postulated, any single cause must be a factor other than paternal preconceptional radiation. On this basis, the association found among those born there, if not partly due to chance, may reflect an indirect relation with the true cause. The recent hypothesis about such paternal radiation has originated in a subgroup of the excess cases that have aroused concern.
Nail features in Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: D. BERKER, L.R. LEVER, K. WINDEBANK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Nail features in Langerhans cell histiocytosis Get access D. DE BERKER, D. DE BERKER Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary. Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Dr D.de Berker. Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary. Queen Victoria Road. Newcastle upon Tyne NEl 4LP. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.R. LEVER, L.R. LEVER Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary. Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. WINDEBANK K. WINDEBANK Department of Child Health, Royal Victoria Infirmary. Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 4, 1 April 1994, Pages 523–527, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03391.x Published: 01 April 1994 Article history Accepted: 11 October 1993 Published: 01 April 1994
Abstract 5440: Upregulation of prostaglandin E2 and TGF-alpha by linoleic acid enhances pro-oncogenic signaling in models of human lung and breast cancer
Authors: Clarissa R. Martins, Ronald S. Pardini, Keith D. Kikawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA), has been reported to have adverse affects in the growth and metastasis of a variety of cancer cell models. However, there has been some controversy over how much these models relate to human disease. In the current study, a novel cascade of actions behind the LA-induced upregulation of cell proliferation has been identified. It is well established that PUFAs serves as precursors for eicosanoids, and LA supplementation was found to significantly increase the levels of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a variety of lung and breast cancer cell lines. These increases in PGE2 are associated with elevations in the activity of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), increased levels of Tumor Growth Factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) and specific pro-proliferative signaling pathways. These findings were corroborated in animal xenografts derived from the same cell lines used for the in vitro studies, with serum levels of PGE2 showing significant increases in PGE2 in animals fed diets high in LA. Moreover, the omega-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), was found to have an opposing affect on PGE2 production by upregulating Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), a stable metabolite of Thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which inhibits COX-2 activity. These findings present specific mechanisms behind the upregulation of cancer cell growth due to LA supplementation that may contribute to a resolution in determining its role in human disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5440. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5440
1037 DISRUPTION OF THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN IKKg/NEMO AND Jnk1 EXACERBATES CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND HCC THROUGH ALTERATION OF THE MAPK PATHWAY
Authors: F.J. Cubero, G. Zhao, Y.A. Nevzorova, M. Al Masaoudi, M. Hatting, F. Schaefer, N. Hermanns, N. Gassler, C. Liedtke, C. Trautwein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)