tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computer Networks as a Medical Resource
Authors: Jerry V. Glowniak
Journal: JAMA (1994)

COMPUTERS have become indispensable tools for managing the rapidly growing body of medical information. Computer programs with large databases such as MEDLINE and GRATEFUL MED have markedly simplified the task of searching the medical literature and retrieving information from it. As successful as these programs have been, they cannot access the increasing amount of medical information now available in electronic format. Databases, on-line reference sources, and electronic bulletin boards are scattered among thousands of computers located on hundreds of networks. To access these resources, the Internet has evolved and links together independent networks so that a user can obtain information from computers around the world. By means of the Internet, physicians can obtain nearly instantaneous access to the daily summaries from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention,<i>Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report</i>, the National Cancer Institute's CancerNet system, Food and Drug Administration bulletin boards, and much more. This article
Making (Anti)Sense of Factor XI in Thrombosis
Authors: Robert Flaumenhaft
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Inhibiting thrombosis without inducing bleeding is the holy grail of anticoagulant therapy. Currently, there are no commercially available anticoagulants that achieve this goal. Although many antithrombotic agents improve survival by interfering with vessel thrombosis, this protection always comes at the cost of an increased risk of bleeding.The observation that inhibitors of thrombosis increase bleeding is no surprise. Current dogma holds that the same blood constituents and mechanisms that are responsible for generating thrombin and fibrin to prevent excessive blood loss (hemostasis) can cause vessel stenosis or occlusion under pathologic conditions (thrombosis).But what if this were not the case? . . .
Captopril and Vasculitis
Authors: Ramón Miralies
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 September 1988Captopril and VasculitisRamón Miralies, MD, Juan Pedro-Botet, MD, Magí Farré, MD, Juan Rubiés-Prat, MDRamón Miralies, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Juan Pedro-Botet, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Magí Farré, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Juan Rubiés-Prat, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-6-514_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Captopril is an effective drug used to treat hypertension and cardiac failure. Skin reactions are the commonest side effects induced by the drug (1, 2). Although cutaneous vasculitis has been described in four patients, rechallenge was done in only one case (1, 3, 4). We describe a well-documented case of hypersensitivity vasculitis on the lower extremities induced by Captopril.A 62-year-old woman with a previous history of diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease had been treated with glibenclamide, nifedipine, percutaneous nitroglycerine, digoxin, and furosemide for a year. Eight months before admission, Captopril was added (75 mg daily)....References1. EdwardsCoulterBeasleyMacintosh IDDD. Captopril: 4 years of post marketing surveillance of all patients in New Zealand. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987;23:529-36. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SmitVan der LaanDe MonchyKallenbergDonker ASJCJ. Cutaneous reactions to Captopril. Predictive value of skin test. Clin Allergy. 1984;14:413-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GoodfieldMillardBanksMorris MLDG. Extended use of Captopril. Lancet. 1984;2:517. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LaabanMarieWallachBlanchardLafayGruffaz JJDDMF. Necrotising vasculitis associated with Captopril therapy. Eur Heart J. 1987;8:319. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. NaranjoBustoSellers CUE. A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981;30:239-45. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital del Mar Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAntihypertensives in dermatology Part II - Cutaneous adverse reactions to antihypertensivesAdverse Dermatologic Effects of Cardiovascular Drug Therapy: Part IICutaneous and Systemic Manifestations of Drug-Induced VasculitisCaptopril versus Enalapril: Cough versus Pancreatitis 15 September 1988Volume 109, Issue 6Page: 514-514KeywordsAdverse reactionsCoronary heart diseaseDrugsHeart failureHypersensitivityHypertensionSkin reactionVasculitis Issue Published: 15 September 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
ROUTINE RADIOGRAMS FOR INVESTIGATION OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: E. T. C. Milligan, G. Simon
Journal: BMJ (1931)

walls, filling the lumina with epithelial and round con- nective-tissue cells.The absence of polymorphonuclear cells in bronchi or elsewhere was a conspicuous feature.No evidence whatever of a tuberculous lesion was found, or of acute pneumonic consolidation.
St Bartholomew's saved in London plan
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Britain's oldest hospital, St Bartholomew's in London, has been saved from closure by a Labour government, which has endorsed the latest review of health services in London and reversed the conclusions of the previous Conservative administration after the 1992 Tomlinson review.

St Bartholomew's is to become a specialist unit for cardiac and oncology services, and its planned replacement, a new Royal London Hospital at Whitechapel, will be scaled down from 1200 to 900 beds.

The survival of Bart's is a rare example of government sentiment prevailing over savings after a period of Cabinet infighting. The Treasury opposed the reprieve …
TRAINING IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Authors: GEORGE MORRISON COATES
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Although nearly all the chairmen of this section for a decade past have concerned themselves in their addresses to a greater or less degree with the subject of the training of the specialist, I find myself, at the risk of being thought lacking in originality, unable to forebear an attempt to emphasize further some features of this most important problem. It is only during the past ten years, or since America's entrance into the war, that attention has been focused on the inadequate preparation that many initiates into the specialties, including ours, were receiving, and on the quite unsatisfactory facilities, either here or abroad, for giving a beginner in otolaryngology a sound basic training. Discussion of this subject for the most part was on the kind and amount of such training needed, and a satisfactory plan was eventually evolved by a committee representing all the national special societies, which plan
Selective<i>In Vivo</i>Imaging of Syngeneic, Spontaneous, and Xenograft Tumors Using a Novel Tumor Cell–Specific Hsp70 Peptide-Based Probe
Authors: Stefan Stangl, Julia Varga, Bianca Freysoldt, Marija Trajkovic-Arsic, Jens T. Siveke, Florian R. Greten, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Gabriele Multhoff
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Although in vivo targeting of tumors using fluorescently labeled probes has greatly gained in importance over the last few years, most of the clinically applied reagents lack tumor cell specificity. Our novel tumor cell-penetrating peptide-based probe (TPP) recognizes an epitope of Hsp70 that is exclusively present on the cell surface of a broad variety of human and mouse tumors and metastases, but not on normal tissues. Because of the rapid turnover rate of membrane Hsp70, fluorescently labeled TPP is continuously internalized into syngeneic, spontaneous, chemically/genetically induced and xenograft tumors following intravenous administration, thereby enabling site-specific labeling of primary tumors and metastases. In contrast with the commercially available nonpeptide small molecule αvβ3-integrin antagonist IntegriSense, TPP exhibits a significantly higher tumor-to-background contrast and stronger tumor-specific signal intensity in all tested tumor models. Moreover, in contrast with IntegriSense, TPP reliably differentiates between tumor cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages and fibroblasts, which were found to be membrane-Hsp70 negative. Therefore, TPP provides a useful tool for multimodal imaging of tumors and metastases that might help to improve our understanding of tumorigenesis and allow the establishment of improved diagnostic procedures and more accurate therapeutic monitoring. TPP might also be a promising platform for tumor-specific drug delivery and other Hsp70-based targeted therapies.
1136-88 The polymorphisms C (-260) T in the promoter region of CD14 receptor gene and G (-174) C of interleukin-6 gene are not related to the immune response to chlamydia pneumoniae infection and heat shock protein-60 in ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Giovanna Di Giannuario, Luigi M Biasucci, Alessandra Ciervo, Giovanna Liuzzo, Matteo Santamaria, Maddalena Piro, Salvatore Brugaletta, Antonio Cassone, Antonio Cassone, Pierfranco Pignatti, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A patient with longstanding type 1 diabetes and a swollen, warm, and red foot
Authors: N. Tentolouris, F. L. Bowling, E. B. Jude
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A 54 year old man with type 1 diabetes since the age of 13 years was referred to the diabetic foot clinic with a warm swollen right foot of seven days duration. Over the past four years he had had acceptable diabetes control and an average glycated haemoglobin of 57 mmol/mol (7.4%). He had a history of hypertension, microalbuminuria, and background diabetic retinopathy. He did not remember any trauma to his foot, had only mild pain in the affected area, and had no signs or symptoms of systemic infection.

On examination, his right foot was swollen and erythematous over the dorsal aspect. No active foot ulceration or cracked skin was present. He had symmetrical peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, with loss of protective sensation (inability to feel the 10 g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament, also known as 5.07 gauge monofilament nylon fibre) and intact circulation in both feet.



### What is the diagnosis?

#### Short answer

Acute Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy (or acute Charcot foot) should always be considered when a person with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy develops unexplained inflammation in the foot. Refer the patient for urgent diagnosis or exclusion by an expert team. Meanwhile, urge the patient to limit weight bearing on the affected foot until he or she has been assessed.1 2

#### Long answer

Acute Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy (or acute Charcot foot) should always be considered when a person with diabetes complicated by peripheral neuropathy develops unexplained inflammation in the foot. Refer the patient for urgent diagnosis or exclusion by an expert team.1 2 Meanwhile, urge the patient to limit weight bearing on the affected foot until he or she has been assessed. Other potential diagnoses include sprain, cellulitis, deep venous thrombosis, and gout.1 2 3

The classic description of …
Reptilase test in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: R D Barr
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Reptilase test in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma SIR,-I read with interest the report by Dr P J Johnson and others (1 October, p 869) of their experience with the reptilase test in patients with various liver diseases, in which these authors contrasted their data with those which I had recorded in a group of Africans with primary liver cancer.tPursuing the latter studies on a group of British patients I became aware of striking differences, particularly in regard to dysfibrinogenaemia.Unfortunately Dr Johnson and his colleagues do not appear to have evaluated this phenomenon.In my experience the reptilase test has been con- sistently abnormal in British and African patients with primary liver cancer, with and without coexistent cirrhosis, in contrast to the normal results obtained in patients with carcinoma metastatic to the liver.However, the corresponding information in cirrhosis un- complicated by tumour does indicate that many of these patients do have an abnormal reptilase test in the absence of dysfibrinogenaemia.These data have been presented on a number of occasions,2 X and a detailed account is to appear shortly.5It includes a description of the modified reptilase test and a putative explanation for the racial differences and the apparently discrepant findings in cirrhosis.
Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony Predicts Right Ventricular Remodeling After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Gabe B. Bleeker, Martin J. Schalij, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Paul Steendijk, Sander G. Molhoek, Lieselot van Erven, Marianne Bootsma, Eduard R. Holman, Ernst E. van der Wall, Jeroen J. Bax
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Specific Removal of β<sub>1</sub>-Adrenergic Autoantibodies from Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gerd Wallukat, Johannes Müller, Roland Hetzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

To the Editor: The pathophysiologic relevance of autoantibodies against cardiac proteins in the induction or maintenance of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is still unclear. It has been shown tha...
Physical characteristics of indigestible solids affect emptying from the fasting human stomach.
Authors: B Meyer, C Beglinger, M Neumayer, G A Stalder
Journal: Gut (1989)

Gastric emptying of indigestible solids depends on their size. It is not clear whether physical characteristics other than particle size affect emptying of indigestible solids from the fasting human stomach. We studied gastric emptying of three differently shaped particles, (cubes, spheres, rods) of either hard or soft consistency during the fasting state in human volunteers. The shape of indigestible particles did not affect their emptying. The area under the gastric emptying curve (AUC: particles x hour) was for hard cubes 24.7 (2.2), for hard spheres 27.9 (1.6), for hard rods 26.9 (2.7). All soft particles emptied faster than their identically shaped hard counterparts, but there was no difference among the three shapes (AUC for soft cubes: 29.2 (3.0), for soft spheres 32.0 (1.8), for soft rods 34.1 (1.2). If gastric emptying of hard and soft particles was compared independently of their shape, soft particles emptied significantly faster than hard ones: AUC 31.8 (1.2) v 26.5 (1.3) (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, the consistency but not the shape significantly affects gastric emptying. Specific physical characteristics other than size and shape may affect gastric emptying of indigestible particles which may be of importance in the design of drugs.
Association between radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis and pain: results from two cohort studies
Authors: T. Neogi, D. Felson, J. Niu, M. Nevitt, C. E Lewis, P. Aliabadi, B. Sack, J. Torner, L. Bradley, Y. Zhang
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To examine the relation of radiographic features of osteoarthritis to knee pain in people with knees discordant for knee pain in two cohorts. <b>Design</b> Within person, knee matched, case-control study. <b>Setting and participants</b> Participants in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis (MOST) and Framingham Osteoarthritis studies who had knee radiographs and assessments of knee pain. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Association of each pain measure (frequency, consistency, and severity) with radiographic osteoarthritis, as assessed by Kellgren and Lawrence grade (0-4) and osteophyte and joint space narrowing grades (0-3) among matched sets of two knees within individual participants whose knees were discordant for pain status. <b>Results</b> 696 people from MOST and 336 people from Framingham were included. Kellgren and Lawrence grades were strongly associated with frequent knee pain—for example, for Kellgren and Lawrence grade 4 <i>v</i> grade 0 the odds ratio for pain was 151 (95% confidence interval 43 to 526) in MOST and 73 (16 to 331) in Framingham (both P&lt;0.001 for trend). Similar results were also seen for the relation of Kellgren and Lawrence scores to consistency and severity of knee pain. Joint space narrowing was more strongly associated with each pain measure than were osteophytes. <b>Conclusions</b> Using a method that minimises between person confounding, this study found that radiographic osteoarthritis and individual radiographic features of osteoarthritis were strongly associated with knee pain.
Circulating immune complexes in pre-eclampsia.
Authors: G M Stirrat, C W Redman, R J Levinsky
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Sixteen patients with severe pre-eclampsia had more IgG-containing and C1q-binding circulating soluble immune complexes than did 16 matched women with normal pregnancies. The clinical features of preeclampsia may be explained by damage due to such complexes, although raised complex levels were also present in a few women with normal pregnancies. As immune complexes are so heterogenous in terms of the type of antigen, class and subclass of immunoglobulin, size, and complement-binding capacity, further investigations are needed to determine their role in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies.
Management of Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus-Reply
Authors: Eddy D. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1976)

So,Dr Kleinman and I disagree. And again, I have the distinct feeling that many of today's gastrointestinal endoscopists (upper and lower) keep trying to make a single instrument do for every endoscopic job, whether or not it be the instrument best designed to do the job.  Dr Kleinman's technique is too dangerous. First, it often takes three to six passages of the endoscope, thereby making the threat of endoscopic perforation three to six times greater than it need be. Second, it requires blind passage of the snare around and beyond the obturating mass, into areas whose condition is almost always unknown to the endoscopist. (I believe a few experiences with unsuspected varices might dampen anyone's enthusiasm.)
On the Etiology of Hysteria
Authors: J. W. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1875)

THrs subject is a difficult one, and one which I should have hesitated take up, had it not been that I was led some time ago, by a sense of my own ignorance or doubt as to what hysteria really meant, to study the question more carefully for my own advantage; andl if, under the impression of resolving or simplifying some of its difficulties, I have only added to their number, I look, as it ell becomes me, to the present meeting to be set right in the matter.The want of precision in the use of thle term lhysteria is a difficulty which meets us at the ver-y outset, and I gla(Ily avail myself of the ob- servation of a distinguished metaphysician, that there is no greater impediment to the advancement of knowledge than the ambiguity of words", as affording me a conveniient and sufficient excuse for attenipt- ing at least to advocate a more restricted use of that word.If, as Dr.Reynolds remarks, the employment of the term hysterical may some- times be found indicative of the state of the mindel of the practitioner rather than that of the patient's health", if hysteria be used occasionally to denote a vague condition of disorclered ftunction which cannot be conveniently placed elsewlhere" (Reynolds's System of illedicine, vol.ii, page 82), it is obviously desirable that the term be employed in a much nore limited sclse than it is.Leaving out of consideration such an indefinite nomenclature as the above, we find that there are tw o very different kinds of affections included under the term hysteria.Dr. HandfieldJones notices this very pointedly, and gives cases illustrative of the distinction (On Fiunctional NAerous Disorders, pp.5I9, 52o, and 52I).The first, where the limbs of the pacould only be straightened under chlioroform, and then easily, where she preferrecl to scald her mouth with boiling water rather than admit the deception she was practising, he wo2uld call genuine hysteria.Then of three cases withi all the usual symptoms of globus, crying, choking, etc., he says any practitioner would have called hysterical, as indeed they called themselves; but it is plain they were not hysterical in the sense in which the first case was"; and these last he proposes not to consider hysteria.But why not rather exclude all cases where it is obviously the intention of the patient to deceive, she is cleceived herself, really imagining that she feels pain, choking, etc., but those cases of intended deception where numerous plans are devised to simulate real disease?Is not the latter simply malingering: a term which, wlhile it has been most unaccountably withheld from the female sex, has been applied to the very same affection the male ?It may often be difficult, sometimes impossible, how faLr the patient is deceived herself, or inltends to de- ceive:let it be an open question between hysteria and malingcering.
Lifetime Care of the Paraplegic Patient
Authors: Sheldon Berrol
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Sir George Bedbrook is to be commended for providing a holistic perspective on the management issues in the care of the patient with an injured spinal cord, thus filling a long-needed gap. Although the majority of authors represent the Australian perspective, there is applicability for professionals in all countries. Some 30 contributors were involved in producing this 16-chapter volume. The type is clear and easy to read; photographs and line drawings contribute significantly to comprehension. What may at first seem to be repetition by a variety of authors ultimately yields increased clarity because of the different perspectives presented. Chapters particularly well done include "Anesthesia and the Paralyzed Patient," "Prevention of Tertiary Complications and Management," and "Prevention and Management of Infection." Greatly appreciated is a separate chapter on care issues specific to the pediatric population. The chapter on vocational rehabilitation asks who needs to be educated and eruditely concludes that it
James Cook and the Conquest of Scurvy
Authors: Alfred Jay Bollet
Journal: JAMA (1995)

This book is well researched and contains a great deal of detail on events leading up to Captain James Cook's three historic 18th-century voyages on behalf of the British Royal Society. These were the first exploratory voyages made primarily for scientific purposes, in search of the Great Southern Continent and the Northwest Passage. Dr Cuppage, who is a pathologist with a particular interest in Captain Cook, spent a great deal of time and effort gathering historical material relevant to Cook's voyages. He traveled to many of the key places visited by Cook, and Dr Cuppage's own photographs of these locales are included in the book. There are details about the scientists and physicians who accompanied Cook, their observations on plants, animals, and geographic aspects of the areas visited, and their accomplishments in navigation. The history of scurvy is well covered, and Cuppage presents an excellent review of British Naval Surgeon
Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy versus Laparoscopic Cryoablation for Multiple Ipsilateral Renal Tumors
Authors: Yi-Chia Lin, Burak Turna, Rodrigo Frota, Monish Aron, Georges-Pascal Haber, Kazumi Kamoi, Philippe Koenig, Inderbir S. Gill
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Outcomes among 562 Recipients of Placental-Blood Transplants from Unrelated Donors
Authors: Pablo Rubinstein, Carmelita Carrier, Andromachi Scaradavou, Joanne Kurtzberg, John Adamson, Anna Ritá Migliaccio, Richard L. Berkowitz, Michael Cabbad, N. Ludy Dobrila, Patricia E. Taylor, Richard E. Rosenfield, Cladd E. Stevens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

A program for banking, characterizing, and distributing placental blood, also called umbilical-cord blood, for transplantation provided grafts for 562 patients between August 24, 1992, and January 30, 1998. We evaluated this experience.