tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exposure to house dust mites in homes of people with atopic dermatitis
Authors: M.J. COLLOFF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

The median relative density of house dust mite populations was determined in mattresses in the homes of 23 people with atopic dermatitis (AD) who were mite-sensitive. It was significantly higher (total mites [dead and live] 174/0.1 g of dust: live mites 45.5/0.1 g) than in those of 23 healthy non-atopics (total mites 52/0.1 g; live mites 7.5/0.1 g; P < 0.05, < 0.01, respectively; Mann-Whitney U-test). There was no significant difference between mite population densities in mattresses in damp homes (n = 27; total mites 188/0.1 g; live mites 36/0.1 g) and those in homes with no damp (n = 19; total mites 116/0.1 g; live mites 26/0.1 g). These data demonstrate a clear association between AD and exposure to large numbers of mites, independent of the presence of domestic damp. People with AD were exposed to densities of > 500 mites/0.1 g of mattress dust five times more frequently than non-atopics, corresponding to a relative risk of 25.0, but were exposed to densities of < or = 50 mites/0.1 g five times less frequently. The overall relative risk for AD, with a cutoff of 50 mites (total)/0.1 g, was 8.1. There was an obvious positive correlation between magnitude of exposure and frequency of disease. It is hypothesized that the association between high densities of mites and AD is related to differences in lipid composition of the shed squames on which the mites feed: those of people with AD may be of greater nutritional value than those of non-atopics, thus enhancing mite population growth.
Re: Burcin Tuna, Kutsal Yorukoglu, Mehtat Unlu, M. Ugur Mungan and Ziya Kirkali. Association of Mast Cells with Microvessel Density in Renal Cell Carcinomas. Eur Urol 2006;50:530–34
Authors: Öner Özdemir
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Single Centre Experience of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) for High-Risk Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis: Patient Characteristics and Complications
Authors: Hüseyin Dursun, Zülkif Tanrıverdi, Barış Ünal, Abidin Cenk Erdal, Ömer Kozan, Dayimi Kaya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
F-box protein FBXL2 targets cyclin D2 for ubiquitination and degradation to inhibit leukemic cell proliferation
Authors: Bill B. Chen, Jennifer R. Glasser, Tiffany A. Coon, Chunbin Zou, Hannah L. Miller, Moon Fenton, John F. McDyer, Michael Boyiadzis, Rama K. Mallampalli
Journal: Blood (2012)
Antibiotic-induced lysis of enterococci.
Authors: G A Storch, D J Krogstad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Enterococci are resistant to penicillin killing in vivo and in vitro. Because some bacteria resistant to penicillin killing have reduced autolytic activity, we examined the lysis of clinical enterococcal isolates suspended in buffer (spontaneous lysis), and compared it with their susceptibility to antibiotic-induced lysis and killing. We found significant correlations between spontaneous and antibiotic-induced lysis, using five antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis (penicillin, cephalothin, bacitracin, cycloserine, and vancomycin). Among isolates, strains more rapidly lysed by one antibiotic were more rapidly lysed by the other antibiotics, and more susceptible to spontaneous lysis. In studies involving a single strain grown in different media, spontaneous lysis also correlated closely with antibiotic-induced lysis. These results are consistent with a common mechanism for spontaneous and antibiotic-induced lysis, such as the autolytic enzyme system. Human serum was one of the least permissive media tested for enterococcal growth and antibiotic-induced lysis and killing. We suggest that the inhibitory effect of human serum on growth and the activation of the enterococcal autolytic enzyme system may be a critical factor in the resistance of enterococcal endocarditis to treatment with penicillin alone.
Downregulated Expression of SHP-1 in Burkitt Lymphomas and Germinal Center B Lymphocytes
Authors: C. Charlotte Delibrias, J. Eike Floettmann, Martin Rowe, Douglas T. Fearon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

We wish to identify developmental changes in germinal center B cells that may contribute to their rapid growth. SHP-1 is an SH2 domain–containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates activation of B cells and other cells of hematopoietic lineages. We have found that in all 13 EBV-negative and 11 EBV-positive Burkitt lymphomas with a nonlymphoblastoid phenotype, the mean concentration of SHP-1 was reduced to 5% of that of normal B and T cells. The possibility that this diminished expression of SHP-1 was related to the germinal center phenotype of Burkitt lymphomas was supported by the low to absent immunofluorescent staining for SHP-1 in germinal centers, and by the inverse relationship between the concentration of SHP-1 and the expression of the germinal center marker CD38 on purified tonsillar B cells. In CD38-high B cells, SHP-1 concentration was 20% of that of mantle zone B cells from the same donor. This reduction in SHP-1 is comparable to that of cells from motheaten viable mev/mev mice in which there is dysregulated, spontaneous signaling by cytokine and antigen receptors. Therefore, germinal center B cells may have a developmentally regulated, low threshold for cellular activation.
1015 THE CHALLENGE OF TREATING HCC IN CHILD-PUGH B: NEED FOR SUBCLASSIFICATION
Authors: F. Piscaglia, E. Terzi, C. Trimarchi, A. Cucchetti, M. Galassi, A. Borghi, A. Granito, P. Pini, L. Bolondi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Reporting Negative Studies in the Mass Media
Authors: Jerry E. Bishop
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —It was personally pleasing that Koren and Klein 1 gave such high marks to the Wall Street Journal coverage of the two JAMA articles 2,3 on radiation exposure and cancer risks. But to those of us in the news business, their finding that newspapers are biased against negative medical studies seems obvious and the reason for it quite simple.  At any newspaper or magazine published for the profit of its owners, the first and foremost criterion for deciding whether to publish a story is whether it contains information that readers would like to know. In the matter of the two JAMA articles, 2,3 the Wall Street Journal gave equal coverage to both studies because it has many readers in labor, industry, government, business, and the professions who have a vested interest in keeping up with the latest scientific findings—positive and negative—on the controversy over the effects
<i>Molluscum contagiosum</i> is not always benign
Authors: Richard M Redmond
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Objective</h3> To provide Swedish nationwide data on the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including variations by age, sex, geography, demography and education level, and assess antirheumatic treatment penetration. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients ≥16 years assigned an RA diagnosis were identified from inpatient (n=96 560; 1964–2007) and specialist outpatient care (n=56 336; 2001–2007) in the Swedish National Patient Register, and the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register (n=21 242; 1995–2007). Data on prescriptions, demography, vital status and educational level were retrieved from national registers. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 58 102 individuals (mean age 66 years; 73% women) assigned an RA diagnosis were alive in Sweden in 2008, corresponding to a cumulative prevalence of 0.77% (women 1.11%, men 0.43%). The 2001–2007 period prevalence was 0.70%. Restriction to patients with ≥2 visits or diagnosis from a rheumatologist/internist reduced the overall cumulative prevalence to 0.68%. Whereas urban/rural differences (crude 0.65–1.00%) were explained by age differences, the age/sex-adjusted prevalence remained higher in patients with ≤9 years education (0.86%) than for those with 10–12 years (0.82%) and &gt;12 years (0.65%). Treatment exposures (76% any disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or steroids, 64% any DMARD, 15% biological agents) varied with age; use of biological agents decreased from 22% in 16–59 years olds to 3% in ≥80 years olds. Any DMARD use correspondingly decreased from 71% to 43%. Applying age cut-off points from previous northern European and North American prevalence studies reduced or eliminated between-study differences. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This nationwide approach yielded a prevalence of RA similar to previous regional assessments. While displaying only modest geographical variation and no urban/rural gradient, prevalence was associated with educational level. Although most patients received antirheumatic drugs, age was a strong treatment determinant.
Randomized, Controlled Trial of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jean Booth, Tim Clayton, John Pepper, Fiona Nugara, Marcus Flather, Ulrich Sigwart, Rodney H. Stables
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The Stent or Surgery Trial is a randomized, controlled trial comparing percutaneous coronary intervention with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for patients with multivessel disease. Initial results at a median follow-up of 2 years showed a survival advantage for patients randomized to CABG. This article reports survival outcome at a median follow-up of 6 years.A total of 988 (n=488 percutaneous coronary intervention, n=500 CABG) patients were randomized at 53 centers during the period from 1996 to 1999. Investigators established survival status from hospital or community medical records or national databases or by direct contact with patients and their relatives. All-cause mortality was compared with hazard ratios and confidence intervals calculated from Cox proportional hazards models. Prespecified subgroup analyses for diabetes mellitus, angina grade, and angiographic severity of coronary disease at baseline were performed with tests for interaction. At a median follow-up of 6 years, 53 patients (10.9%) died in the percutaneous coronary intervention group compared with 34 (6.8%) in the CABG group (hazard ratio 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 2.55, P=0.022). Little evidence was found that the treatment effect on mortality differed between subgroups according to baseline angina grade (interaction test P=0.52), the severity of coronary disease (P=0.92), or diabetic status (P=0.15).At a median follow-up of 6 years, a continuing survival advantage was observed for patients managed with CABG, which is not consistent with results from other stent-versus-CABG studies.
Computerized biofeedback training aids in spinal injury rehabilitation
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

"Motor learning by trial and error"—the result of biofeedback training that uses essentially the same method people employ unconsciously in learning to ride a bicycle—may be a key to more mobility for many persons with spinal cord injury, according to a report made at the National Spinal Cord Injury Association convention in Boston. Bernard S. Brucker, PhD, assistant professor of orthopedics and rehabilitation director of the BBiofeedback Laboratory at Jackson Memorial Rehabilitation Center, University of Miami (Fla) School of Medicine, told the assembled group of physicians and other medical scientists, physical therapists, nurses, and patients in wheelchairs that computerized biofeedback techniques offer the best means yet for training spinally injured persons—with some intact neural tissue—to activate useful motion in their limbs. "Patients are taught to take the focus off the limb," Brucker explains, "and put it on neurosignal combinations." Almost all rehabilitation centers use biofeedback techniques to some extent. However,
Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine and Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis
Authors: Barry Brown
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the design of their model evaluating cost vs benefit of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) schedule, Dr Miller and colleagues<sup>1</sup>state that the Delphi panel assumed that no immunodeficient persons receiving a vaccination will avoid vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) by receiving 2 doses of IPV before OPV. Yet, in their review of 105 cases of VAPP, Nkowane et al<sup>2</sup>noted that, of the 11 immunodeficient recipients with VAPP, 3 contracted it on the third or fourth OPV dose. These data suggest a reduction of VAPP by 27% among immunodeficient recipients if the schedule of 2 IPV doses and 2 OPV doses is adopted. Were these data considered by the Delphi panel prior to design of the model?
Epidemiology of head injury.
Authors: B Jennett, R MacMillan
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Pathologic features of Alzheimer9s disease (AD) include accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein. We have shown previously that the chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) is a functional receptor for Aβ, and CMKLR1 contributes to the uptake of Aβ. However, it is unclear whether CMKLR1 ameliorates or aggravates the process of AD. Here, we show that deletion of the gene coding for CMKLR1 significantly increased Aβ deposits in brains of both male and female amyloid β precursor protein/presenilin-1 mice. However, it markedly decreased the mortality of these mice. Behavioral studies found that CMKLR1 deficiency improved cognitive impairment of male and female amyloid β precursor protein/presenilin-1 mice and intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin injection AD mice. We further explored the effect of CMKLR1 on tau pathology. We found that CMKLR1 deficiency or inhibition attenuated the hyperphosphorylation of tau in brains of AD mice <i>in vivo</i> and in the neuronal cells <i>in vitro</i>. The expression of CMKLR1 on the neurons affected tau phosphorylation by participating in tau seeding. Together, these results uncover a novel mechanism of CMKLR1 in the pathologic process of AD and suggest that inhibiting the promotion effect of CMKLR1 on tau seeding may provide a new strategy for the treatment of AD. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in the pathologic progression of AD. The chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), belonging to the family of GPCRs, is able to bind and uptake amyloid β. We show here, for the first time, that, although CMKLR1 deficiency increased amyloid β deposits in AD mice, it reduced the mortality and improved the cognitive deficits of AD mice. We furthermore show that CMKLR1 deficiency or inhibition attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation in brains of AD model mice <i>in vivo</i> and in neuronal cells <i>in vitro</i>. Finally, we first discovered that the expression of CMKLR1 on neurons affected tau phosphorylation by participating in tau seeding. These findings suggest that inhibition of CMKLR1 may provide a new strategy for the treatment of AD.
The internal thoracic (mammary) nerve
Authors: A. A. Pearson, R. W. Sauter
Journal: Thorax (1971)

The internal thoracic (mammary) nerve is formed by contributions from the subclavian plexus and the phrenic nerve. It descends along the internal thoracic artery to the level of the seventh costal cartilage where it is lost. Some of its branches communicate with the intercostal nerves and are thought to be distributed with these nerves. Others follow perforating and anterior mediastinal arteries.
ApoC-II Deficiency: A New Mutant
Authors: Antonio M. Gotto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) has a vital role in regulating the catabolism of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which are the chylomicrons and the very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)1; LPL catalyzes the hydrolysis of chylomicron and VLDL triglyceride — a crucial step in their extrahepatic catabolism. Since intravenous administration of heparin releases LPL and other enzymes into the plasma, LPL is thought to be an exoenzyme located on the surface of the endothelial cell. Whether LPL is transported to that site from other tissues of the body, as seems likely, or whether it is synthesized by the endothelial cells is not known. Unlike the . . .
Clinical director admits patient care was "compromised"
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The former director of a breast cancer service, which was branded “a disgrace” by the former UK health secretary Frank Dobson, has acknowledged that patient care was “potentially compromised” in his unit. But he blamed it on an excessive workload and lack of resources.

John Brennan, clinical director of the East Devon breast screening service, told the General Medical Council's professional conduct committee that he had been unaware of the service's poor performance because his clinical …
Conversion of Th17‐type into Th2‐type inflammation by acetyl salicylic acid via the adenosine and uric acid pathway in the lung
Authors: H.‐G. Moon, Y.‐M. Tae, Y.‐S. Kim, S. Gyu Jeon, S.‐Y. Oh, Y. Song Gho, Z. Zhu, Y.‐K. Kim
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Allergen-specific T-cell responses orchestrate airway inflammation, which is a characteristic of asthma. Recent evidence suggests that noneosinophilic asthma can be developed by mixed Th1 and Th17 cell responses when exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-containing allergens.To evaluate the therapeutic or adverse effects of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) on the expression of Th1-type and Th17-type inflammation induced by airway exposure to LPS-containing allergens.Th1 + Th17 asthma and Th2 asthma mouse models were generated by intranasal sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and LPS and intraperitoneal sensitization with OVA and alum, respectively. Therapeutic or adverse effects were evaluated after allergen challenge using pharmacologic and transgenic approaches.Lung infiltration of eosinophils was enhanced in OVA/LPS-sensitized mice by ASA treatment, which was accompanied by the enhanced production of eotaxin. These changes were associated with the down-regulation of Th17 cell response, which was partly dependent on adenosine receptor A1 and A3 subtypes, but up-regulation of allergen-specific IL-13 production from T cells. Lung inflammation induced by LPS-containing allergen was markedly reduced in IL-13-deficient mice in the context of ASA treatment, but not without ASA. Meanwhile, adenosine levels in the lung were enhanced by ASA treatment. Moreover, lung infiltration of eosinophils induced by ASA treatment was reversed by co-treatment of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol).These findings suggest that ASA changes Th17-type into Th2-type inflammation mainly via the adenosine and uric acid metabolic pathway in the lung.
Short-Term Antithyroid Drug Therapy
Authors: Leslie J. DeGroot
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

During the past three decades many physicians have treated thyrotoxic patients with antithyroid drugs until toxicosis was controlled, and then discontinued therapy. Thyroid "experts" have usually counseled that this was an erroneous approach, and that therapy should be continued for one year or longer. Belief in the need for a prolonged period of therapy was based on evidence that treatment for an additional one or two years seemed to produce a higher proportion of remission,1 but it must be agreed that there is scanty critical evaluation of just how long a course of therapy is actually needed. Now, as is . . .
Neopterin and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I in alcohol-induced cirrhosis
Authors: Antonio Diez-Ruiz, Gernot P. Tilz, Francisco Gutierrez-Gea, Blas Gil-Extremera, Christian Murr, Helmut Wachter, Dietmar Fuchs
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Alcohol-induced cirrhosis (AC) is accompanied by disturbances of immune function and cytokine production. To better define the pattern of cytokine synthesis in this disease and to relate it to the immune activation state, we measured circulating levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 (sTNFR-55) and neopterin in a group of 85 patients with AC (classified according to the Child-Pugh score of severity of liver disease) and 43 healthy volunteers. Serum concentrations of sTNFR-55 and neopterin were significantly raised in patients with AC. Moreover, concentrations of sTNFR-55 were significantly higher in patients with more severe disease compared with the group with lower severity. There were significant correlations between sTNFR-55 and neopterin levels in patients and controls. The results contribute to affirm the existence of an immune activation state in AC that could be responsible for the development of the disease and clinical complications. (Hepatology 1995; 21:976-978.)
Medical Emergencies: Diagnostic and Management Procedures From Boston City Hospital
Authors: Elliott B. Oppenheim
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A refreshing and effective teaching book now exists for the specialty of emergency medicine. In a successfully distilled volume of diagnosis and management of true emergencies, Drs Cohen, Freidin, and Samuels have collaborated with 20 contributing authors. The well-organized chapters begin with a comprehensive consideration of drug overdoses and common poisonings. General principles of management are stressed and are presented in a comprehensive although dogmatic fashion, with a minimum amount of theory. Infectious disease emergencies (eg, meningitis, septicemia, cellulitis, pneumonia) are discussed in a separate chapter but receive emphasis in other chapters (neurologic and orthopedic) as well. The criteria for care are delineated not only in paragraph form, but also in flow charts and algorithm format. Septic arthritis is carefully detailed, with tables for synovial fluid analysis and recommended antibiotic therapy prior to microbial identification. Differential diagnosis is juxtaposed, to set in the reader's mind the alternatives to septic arthritis.
Atlas and Epitome of Gynecology.
Authors: Richard Cooper Norris
Journal: JAMA (1901)

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Report of Tuberculous Hepatitis Presenting as Metastatic Disease
Authors: JUSTINO D. FERNANDES, ROBERT A. NEBESAR, STEPHANIE G. WALL, PATRICK T. MINIHAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

This is a case report of macronodular TB of the liver, without other known organ involvement, which presented with defects on RN scan and hypoechoic areas by ultrasound, suggesting metastatic disease. The demonstration on liver scan is quite rare and ultrasound visualization has not been reported. Although confirmation could not be obtained with AFB stain or positive culture, the clinical and liver scan response with a highly suggestive histologic picture are sufficient to make the diagnosis.