tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
641. Retargeting Adenoviruses to Surface Expressed Antigens on Oral Mucosa
Authors: Hester J.T. van Zeeburg, Aafke Huizenga, N. Korokhov, Victor W. van Beusechem, Ruud H. Brakenhoff
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) comprise 5% of all newly diagnosed cancers in the world today. Risk factors for development of HNSCC are smoking and alcohol abuse, infection with viruses, and genetic predisposition. HNSCC is preceded by preneoplastic lesions of genetically altered cells. When tumors arise in these lesions, the large preneoplastic lesions often remain behind after surgical treatment, causing secondary cancers. Although the preneoplastic lesions can be diagnosed using genetic markers in both treated patients and other risk populations, the treatment options are very limited and the only intervention at present is increased surveillance. In the past few years several trials have been performed with conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) for treatment of HNSCC and its precursor lesions. The CRAd Onyx-015, an adenovirus with a deletion of E1B55K showing specific replication in cancer cells, has been evaluated in several clinical studies including a mouthwash trial to eradicate dysplastic oral mucosa. Although some patients benefited from the applied mouthwash treatment with Onyx-015, the efficacy was limited. The aim of our study is to improve the efficacy of virotherapy of dysplastic oral mucosa with adenoviruses by retargeting viral entry via other surface expressed antigens, and by engineering a more potent CRAd specific for eradication of preneoplastic squamous cells. Using topical infection of an organotypic squamous cell culture, which closely resembles the oral mucosa, we showed that differentiated mucosa is difficult to infect via CAR, as expected. Therefore, we tested Ly6-D and CD44v6 that are highly expressed in normal and dysplastic oral mucosa as candidates for retargeting adenovirus entry. For this, we used an adenovirus vector expressing luciferase that has its fibers replaced by fibritin molecules carrying the Fc binding part of protein A of S. Aureus and human-mouse chimeric antibodies E48 (anti-Ly6-D) and U36 (anti-CD44v6). Topical infection of organotypic cell cultures with the antibody-binding virus, preincubated with the chimeric antibodies E48 or U36, showed markedly increased transduction compared to controls. As the E48 antigen seemed most suitable for retargeting we engineered bispecific antibody E48-S11 recognizing both the viral fiber knob and Ly6-D. The bispecific antibody was shown to bind both antigens and to enable viral infection of squamous cells. It is currently studied for its capacity to improve topical infection of the oral mucosa in the organotypic model. Our data show that infection of the oral mucosa with adenoviruses can be improved using a retargeting approach. The E48-S11 bispecific antibody expression cassette will be inserted into the genome of CRAds to improve virotherapy efficacy.
Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome mimicking biliary obstruction
Authors: Hyung Gyu Choi, Junsu Byun, Chae Ho Moon, Jong Ho Yoon, Ki Young Yang, Su Cheol Park, Chul Ju Han
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

An 84-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever, jaundice, and itching. He had been diagnosed previously with chronic renal failure and diabetes, and had been taking allopurinol medication for 2 months. A physical examination revealed that he had a fever (38.8℃), jaundice, and a generalized maculopapular rash. Azotemia, eosinophilia, atypical lymphocytosis, elevation of liver enzymes, and hyperbilirubinemia were detected by blood analysis. Magnetic resonance cholangiography revealed multiple cysts similar to choledochal cysts in the liver along the biliary tree. Obstructive jaundice was suspected clinically, and so an endoscopic ultrasound examination was performed, which ruled out a diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. The patient was diagnosed with DRESS (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) syndrome due to allopurinol. Allopurinol treatment was stopped and steroid treatment was started. The patient died from cardiac arrest on day 15 following admission. Keywords: DRESS syndrome; Allopurinol; Jaundice
The Other AMA
Authors: Daniel F. Chen
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disparities in Genetic Testing: Thinking Outside the<i>BRCA</i>Box
Authors: Michael J. Hall, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

The impact of predictive genetic testing on cancer care can be measured by the increased demand for and utilization of genetic services as well as in the progress made in reducing cancer risks in known mutation carriers. Nonetheless, differential access to and utilization of genetic counseling and cancer predisposition testing among underserved racial and ethnic minorities compared with the white population has led to growing health care disparities in clinical cancer genetics that are only beginning to be addressed. Furthermore, deficiencies in the utility of genetic testing in underserved populations as a result of limited testing experience and in the effectiveness of risk-reducing interventions compound access and knowledge-base disparities. The recent literature on racial/ethnic health care disparities is briefly reviewed, and is followed by a discussion of the current limitations of risk assessment and genetic testing outside of white populations. The importance of expanded testing in underserved populations is emphasized.
DESTKUCTIVE STERILIZATION BY CATAPHORESIS OF CANCER OF THE UTERINE CERVIX.
Authors: G. BETTON MASSEY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The somber results of the knife and curette in the treatment of cancer of the cervix uteri are nowhere shown more distinctly than in that beautiful and monumental work of Cu Hen,<sup>1</sup>in which science has been enriched by the careful study of 141 cases operated on by master hands; seventy-three by hysterectomy and sixty-eight by curettement. Of the total number but fifteen, or about 10 per cent., were still living when the book went to press. An even more gloomy result was reported in a discussion in this Section at the Saratoga Session,<sup>2</sup>where one operator was quoted as saying that he had operated on 482 cases of cancer of the cervix, of which but two were living. From experimental studies of the autoinfectivity of cancer, notably summarized in a chapter of the work mentioned, it is evident that this small percentage of cures in operable cases may be due in part to a reimplantation of the growth in
Whole‐pulmonary low‐dose radiation therapy in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with diffuse lung involvement
Authors: Patrícia Weinschenker, José M. Kutner, João V. Salvajoli, Rodrigo M. Hanriot, Andressa F. Ribeiro, Vera L. Capelozzi, Auro Del Giglio
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia is a hematologic disorder accompanied by extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) affecting various organs. Lung involvement however is rare. We present the case of a 76‐year‐old woman with myelofibrosis, recurrent pleural effusions, pulmonary hypertension, and serious right cardiac failure. An open lung biopsy confirmed pulmonary EMH. She underwent low‐dose (200 cGy) whole‐lung radiotherapy in 4 fractions of 50 cGy each. Her clinical and hemodynamic parameters improved. We conclude that low‐dose whole‐lung radiation may be efficacious for the palliative treatment of pulmonary EMH. Am. J. Hematol. 69:277–280, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prospective study of endogenous sex hormones and fatal cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women
Authors: E. Barrett-Connor, D. Goodman-Gruen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Objectives : To examine the association between androstenedione, total and bioavailable testosterone, oestrone, and total and bioavailable oestradiol concentrations and the risk of death from cardiovascular and ischaemic heart disease. Design : 19 year old population based prospective study with 99.9% follow up. Setting : Rancho Bernardo, california. Subjects : 651 postmenopausal women, none taking oestrogen. Main outcome measures : Concentrations of plasma sex hormones measured by radioimmunoassay in an endocrinology research laboratory. Cardiovascular and ischaemic heart disease deaths assessed by death certificate; 85% of 30% sample validated by record review. Results : Age adjusted concentrations of sex hormones did not differ significantly in women with and without a history of heart disease at baseline and did not predict cardiovascular death or death from ischaemic heart disease. Most 95% confidence intervals for the age adjusted relative risk of cardiovascular death or death from ischaemic heart disease were narrow, and all included one. Endogenous oestrogen concentrations were not associated with significantly more favourable risk factors for heart disease, and testosterone was not associated with less favourable risk factors. Conclusion : These prospective data do not support a causal or preventive role for endogenous oestrogens or androgens and cardiovascular mortality in older women.
Prospective study of the role of cardiac troponin T in patients admitted with unstable angina
Authors: P. Stubbs, P. Collinson, D. Moseley, T. Greenwood, M. Noble
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine the prognostic significance and role in risk stratification of the biochemical marker troponin T in patients admitted with unstable angina. <b>Design</b>: Single centre, blinded, prospective study of patients admitted with chest pain. <b>Setting</b>: Coronary care unit of a district general hospital. <b>Subjects</b>: 460 patients admitted with chest pain and followed up for a median of three years. 183 patients had a final diagnosis of unstable angina. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Cardiac death, need for coronary revascularisation, or readmission with non-fatal myocardial infarction as first events. <b>Results</b>: 62 (34%) unstable angina patients were troponin T positive. This group had significantly increased incidence rates of subsequent cardiac death (12 cases (19%) v 14 (12%)), coronary revascularisation (22 (35%) v 26 (21%)), death or revascularisation (33 (53%) v 40 (33%)), and death or non-fatal myocardial infarction (18 (29%) v 21 (17%)) compared with the troponin T negative group. In multiple logistic regression troponin T status was a highly significant predictor for the end points coronary revascularisation and cardiac death or revascularisation as first events. <b>Conclusion</b>: Troponin T in the serum of patients with unstable angina identifies a subgroup at higher risk of subsequent cardiac events and its measurement aids in risk factor stratification. The increased risk extends to two years after admission. Prospective randomised trials are required to identify optimum therapeutic strategies for this subgroup. <h3>Key messages</h3> Stratifying patients with unstable angina for risk remains a difficult clinical problem A new cardiac specific protein, troponin T, can now be measured in serum The detection of troponin T 12-24 hours after admission identifies a high risk subgroup of patients with unstable angina Prospective trials are required to identify optimum therapeutic strategies for this subgroup
Left ventricular wall acceleration and the law of Laplace
Authors: R. J. Tallarida, B. F. Rusy, M. H. Loughnane
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

The relationship between ventricular wall tension and intraventricular blood pressure is examined from the point of view of a system which is accelerating. The usual relationship between these variables, often called the law of Laplace, is derived under assumptions of static equilibrium. In this paper the dynamic relationship is developed from basic physical theory employing the concept of centre of mass, and is used to determine the actual forces present on a moving equatorial strip of heart muscle. It is shown that even in cases of heightened ventricular activity, Laplace's law is a good approximation to the true situation. The significance of ventricular acceleration is discussed.
Estrogens and Hemorrhage
Authors: Hubert Poliwoda
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the Department of Medicine of the University Hospital Göttingen, we have for 3 years now been employing estriol succinate with great success in the treatment of hemorrhagic diatheses of varying pathogenesis. The most important indications have proved to be thrombocytopenic bleeding, hemorrhagic diatheses resulting from isolated vascular damage, and postoperative capillary hemorrhage. Estriol succinate has also proved to be of value in the prophylaxis of hemorrhagic complications during long-term anticoagulant therapy. The daily dose amounts to 20-30 mg. of estriol succinate administered intravenously. However, even with daily doses as high as 60 mg., no side effects were encountered. Nevertheless, it is inadvisable to exceed the 30 mg. daily dose in women in the menopause when the therapy continues for more than 8 days; otherwise, a proliferation of the endometrium may occur, which can give rise to mild vaginal bleeding. Investigations have been carried out in collaboration
Changes in regional coronary blood flow with hypertonic mannitol in conscious dogs
Authors: I. HUTTON, S. P. MARYNICK, D. E. FIXLER, G. H. TEMPLETON, J. T. WILLERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Systemic haemodynamics and regional myocardial blood flow responses to hypertonic mannitol were studied in 10 conscious and 23 anaesthetized dogs. Mannitol infusion significantly increased regional myocardial blood flow in the conscious, intact dogs. Mannitol increased total coronary flow 20% in anaesthetized animals compared to 80% in the awake ones. In both groups mannitol exerted a significant positive inotropic effect as evidenced by increases in maximal LV dp/dt and dp/dt/ρ. These studies have also demonstrated that the intact conscious dog that has not received any sedation has an inner:outer wall left ventricular flow ratio greater than 1·0.
Control of Inspired Oxygen Concentration in Pressure Cycled Ventilators
Authors: Gavriel E. Lewinsohn
Journal: JAMA (1970)

During ventilation with pressure cycled ventilators, we have found that it is possible to predict the inspired oxygen concentration from a standard graph when the ventilators are driven by compressed air and oxygen is added to the inspiratory line. We found no significant difference between the predicted and observed inspired oxygen concentrations when (1) expired minute ventilation was measured accurately, (2) the flowmeter for oxygen delivery had a scale from 0 to 6 liters per minute and was calibrated and used with a constant pressure delivery system, (3) there was no leakage of oxygen from the line, and (4) the mixing volume of the inspiratory line was large.
Retinoic acid modulation of induced basophil differentiation
Authors: B. F. Leber, J. A. Denburg
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Current models of the regulation of hematopoiesis postulate a combination of both factor‐directed cell differentiation/survival acting through intracellular signaling pathways, and factor‐independent differentiation along intrinsically set, default pathways. Recent reports have indicated that eosinophil/basophil (Eo‐Baso) differentiation may represent one default pathway. Because of the strong modulating effect of all trans ‐retinoic acid (ATRA) on hematopoietic differentiation, we have investigated the role of ATRA in regulating Eo‐Baso differentiation from pluripotent progenitors. Our results indicate that ATRA inhibits Eo‐Baso maturation at early stages of lineage commitment. Because allergic responses may depend on the continued recruitment and differentiation of such inflammatory mediators, the ability to modulate this pathway may eventually prove to have a therapeutic role in allergic inflammation.
Improvement of Hepatic Myelopathy after Liver Transplantation
Authors: Roberto Troisi, Jan Debruyne, Bernard de Hemptinne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Hepatic myelopathy is characterized by spastic paraparesis and minimal sensory abnormalities in patients with cirrhosis, particularly those with portosystemic shunts that have been created surgically or have occurred spontaneously.1,2 The pathophysiology of hepatic myelopathy is poorly understood, and the diagnosis can only be made presumptively by excluding other possible causes of spastic paraparesis. Pathological studies show loss of myelin in the lateral corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord. Unlike hepatic encephalopathy, hepatic myelopathy is usually considered irreversible (this was true even after liver transplantation in one patient3). We treated a 60-year-old woman with cirrhosis caused . . .
567 Peginterferon alpha-2a (40KD) (PEGASYS®) plus ribavirin (COPEGUS®) for treating chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 in daily clinical practice: Final results of the heracles project
Authors: M. Diago, R. Sola, A. Olveira, M. Romero-Gomez, R. Planas, R. Moreno, R. Perez, J. Salmeron, J. Enriquez, M. Munoz-Sanchez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Why It's Hard to Treat Kidney Stones
Authors: Samuel O. Thier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Michel de Montaigne, who suffered from kidney stones, expressed his frustrations as a patient by writing:In my own sickness I have never found three doctors of the same opinion. Aperients, I am advised, are proper for a man afflicted with the stone — by dilating the vessels they help discharge the viscous matter out of which the gravel is formed. Again, aperients are dangerous, because, by dilating the vessels, they help the formative matter to reach the kidneys, which naturally seize and retain it.It is good, they say, to urinate frequently, for this prevents the gravel from settling . . .
CPR for Patients Labeled DNR
Authors: Bernard M. Karnath
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters21 October 2003CPR for Patients Labeled DNRBernard M. Karnath, MDBernard M. Karnath, MDFrom The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-0566.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-8-200310210-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Choudhry and colleagues (1) proposed the LATO for patients who currently have DNR orders but want to be resuscitated in circumstances when their chances of recovery are good. The authors suggested that certain circumstances, such as witnessed shockable rhythms, DNR in the operating room, and iatrogenic complications, warrant consideration of LATOs.First, for patients with a DNR order who are being monitored and develop a shockable rhythm, one could argue that underlying comorbid illnesses should be taken into consideration. Comorbid illnesses play a substantial role in predicting survival to hospital discharge after CPR (2). The prognosis is ...References1. Choudhry NK, Choudhry S, Singer PA. CPR for patients labeled DNR: the role of the limited aggressive therapy order. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:65-8. [PMID: 12513047] LinkGoogle Scholar2. de Vos R, Koster RW, De Haan RJ, Oosting H, van der Wouw PA, Lampe-Schoenmaeckers AJ. In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: prearrest morbidity and outcome. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:845-50. [PMID: 10219930] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Clemency MV, Thompson NJ. Do not resuscitate (DNR) orders in the perioperative perioda comparison of the perspectives of anesthesiologists, internists, and surgeons. Anesth Analg. 1994;78:651-8. [PMID: 8135382] MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Casarett DJ, Stocking CB, Siegler M. Would physicians override a do-not-resuscitate order when a cardiac arrest is iatrogenic? J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14:35-8. [PMID: 9893089] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Bedell SE, Deitz DC, Leeman D, Delbanco TL. Incidence and characteristics of preventable iatrogenic cardiac arrests. JAMA. 1991;265:2815-20. [PMID: 2033737] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-0566. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCPR for Patients Labeled DNR: The Role of the Limited Aggressive Therapy Order Niteesh K. Choudhry , Sujit Choudhry , and Peter A. Singer CPR for Patients Labeled DNR Niteesh K. Choudhry , Sujit Choudhry , and Peter A. Singer CPR for Patients Labeled DNR Muriel Gillick CPR for Patients Labeled DNR Jack P. Freer CPR for Patients Labeled DNR Susan B. LeGrand Metrics 21 October 2003Volume 139, Issue 8Page: 705KeywordsAdverse reactionsCardiopulmonary resuscitationDo not resuscitate ordersResuscitationSurgery ePublished: 21 October 2003 Issue Published: 21 October 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...