tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Tumorigenicity and Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation upon Loss of Chromosomal Protein HMGN1
Authors: Yehudit Birger, Frédéric Catez, Takashi Furusawa, Jae-Hwan Lim, Marta Prymakowska-Bosak, Katherine L. West, Yuri V. Postnikov, Diana C. Haines, Michael Bustin
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract We report that loss of HMGN1, a nucleosome-binding protein that alters the compaction of the chromatin fiber, increases the cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation and the tumor burden of mice. The mortality and tumor burden of ionizing radiation–treated Hmgn1−/− mice is higher than that of their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. Hmgn1−/− fibroblasts have an altered G2-M checkpoint activation and are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation. The ionizing radiation hypersensitivity and the aberrant G2-M checkpoint activation of Hmgn1−/− fibroblasts can be reverted by transfections with plasmids expressing wild-type HMGN1, but not with plasmids expressing mutant HMGN proteins that do not bind to chromatin. Transformed Hmgn1−/− fibroblasts grow in soft agar and produce tumors in nude mice with a significantly higher efficiency than Hmgn1+/+ fibroblasts, suggesting that loss of HMGN1 protein disrupts cellular events controlling proliferation and growth. Hmgn1−/− mice have a higher incidence of multiple malignant tumors and metastases than their Hmgn1+/+ littermates. We suggest that HMGN1 optimizes the cellular response to ionizing radiation and to other tumorigenic events; therefore, loss of this protein increases the tumor burden in mice.
Abstract 5191: Gab2 phosphorylation by RSK inhibits Shp2 recruitment and cell motility.
Authors: Xiaocui Zhang, Geneviève Lavoie, Loic Fort, Edward L. Huttlin, Joseph Tcherkezian, Jacob A. Galan, Haihua Gu, Steven P. Gygi, Sebastien Carreno, Philippe P. Roux
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The scaffolding adapter protein Gab2 (Grb2-associated binder) participates in the signaling response evoked by various growth factors and cytokines. Gab2 is overexpressed in several human malignancies, including breast cancer, and was shown to promote mammary epithelial cell migration. The role of Gab2 in the activation of different signaling pathways is well documented, but less is known regarding the feedback mechanisms responsible for its inactivation. We now demonstrate that activation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway promotes Gab2 phosphorylation on basic consensus motifs. More specifically, we show that RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) phosphorylates Gab2 on three conserved residues, both in vivo and in vitro. Mutation of these phosphorylation sites does not alter Gab2 binding to Grb2, but instead, we show that Gab2 phosphorylation inhibits the recruitment of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in response to growth factors. Expression of an unphosphorylatable Gab2 mutant in mammary epithelial cells promotes an invasive-like phenotype and increases cell motility. Taken together, these results suggest that RSK is part of a negative feedback loop that restricts Gab2-dependent epithelial cell motility. Based on the widespread role of Gab2 in receptor signaling, these findings also suggest that RSK plays a regulatory function in diverse receptor systems. Citation Format: Xiaocui Zhang, Geneviève Lavoie, Loic Fort, Edward L. Huttlin, Joseph Tcherkezian, Jacob A. Galan, Haihua Gu, Steven P. Gygi, Sebastien Carreno, Philippe P. Roux. Gab2 phosphorylation by RSK inhibits Shp2 recruitment and cell motility. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5191. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5191
BACILLI AND BULLETS: An Address to the Officers and Men in the Camps at Churn
Authors: W. Osler
Journal: BMJ (1914)

Besides his hospital appointments during World War I, Osler helped educate the public and the military about the dangers of
   disease in wartime.  In this pamphlet, taken from one of his addresses to British troops, he talked about the perils of dysentery,
   pneumonia, and typhoid fever (enteric), and urged his listeners to get vaccinated against typhoid.
Reconstitution of spectrin-deficient, spherocytic mouse erythrocyte membranes.
Authors: S B Shohet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

To study directly the role of spectrin in erythrocyte membrane function, we have designed a reconstituted membrane system using erythrocyte membranes from spectrin-deficient mice and purified spectrin from normal mice. The normal spectrin is inserted into the spectrin-deficient spherocytes by exchange hemolysis. Thereafter, raising the ionic strength and temperature reseals the cells and, with time, facilitates binding of the spectrin to the spectrin-deficient membranes. The binding is apparently specific as shown by its dependence upon the concentration of undenatured spectrin and the concentration of salt used, as well as by the immunofluorescent appearance of the reconstituted cells after treatment with specific antispectrin antibody. In terms of in vitro cellular behavior, the reconstituted preparations show marked changes in comparison to the untreated spherocytes. In particular, membrane stability, as measured by the reduction of myelin figure formation and lipid loss, is considerably enhanced. In addition, membrane fusion, which occurs readily with the untreated spherocytes, is virtually eliminated. Finally, the osmotic behavior of the native spherocytes is appreciably altered, such that the early phase of osmotically induced swelling, as measured in a high-speed stop-flow apparatus, is delayed and modified. Taken together, these findings indicate specific roles for spectrin in the stabilization of the erythrocyte membrane, in the limitation of membrane fusion, and in the modulation of the membrane's response to osmotic stress.
Prognostic value of plasma midregional pro-adrenomedullin and C-terminal-pro-endothelin-1 in chronic heart failure outpatients
Authors: Christopher Adlbrecht, Martin Hülsmann, Guido Strunk, Rudolf Berger, Deddo Mörtl, Joachim Struck, Nils G. Morgenthaler, Andreas Bergmann, Johannes Jakowitsch, Gerald Maurer, Irene M. Lang, Richard Pacher
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
The type-specific polysaccharides of Streptococcus suis.
Authors: S D Elliott, J Y Tai
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Streptococcus suis types 1 and 2 were subjected to digestion with lysozyme. Serologically type-specific capsular polysaccharides were isolated from the lysates by ethanol precipitation followed by Sepharose 6B chromatography. The purified type 1 polysaccharide has a Kd value of 0.074 on a Sepharose 4B column and contains galactose, glucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine, and sialic acid in a molar ratio of 2.42:1.00:1.00:1.13:1.39. The type 2 polysaccharide has a Kd value of 0.185 and is composed of rhamnose, galactose, glucose, N-acetyl glucosamine, and sialic acid in a molar ratio of 1.07:3.17:1.00:0.94:1.00. A comparison is drawn between the type polysaccharides of S. suis and those of group B streptococci.
Draft UK regulations for mitochondrial donation are published
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The UK government is consulting on draft regulations for techniques to prevent the transmission of serious mitochondrial disease from a mother to her child.1

An estimated one in 200 children born each year in the United Kingdom has some form of mitochondrial DNA disorder. These can range from mild and asymptomatic disorders to serious disorders including some types of muscular dystrophy, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, and Leigh syndrome.

In 2009 the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act was amended to allow mitochondrial donation, but a number of organisations opposed it. The technique is controversial because it combines nuclear DNA from both parents with a tiny amount of mitochondrial DNA from a donor. Some of the concerns raised were …
Effective Medical Reporting
Authors: N. L. Morgenstern
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:  —Dr. Emile Holman's delightful essay, Concerning More Effective Medical Reporting (JAMA181:245 [July] 1962) unfortunately perpetuates two misconceptions about grammatical usage.  It is  true that  is a contraction of  one and must always take a singular verb. There is etymological evidence that  is the original form and that no and not are derived from it.  is certainly  a contraction of  one in none of the milk.  Partridge inThe Concise Usage and Abusageadvises the following test: Make the statement a question and substitute  for none. The choice of the singular or plural will then be obvious and natural. Thus, Is any of the milk left? corresponds to None of the milk is left.  Dr. Holman's second error concerns the use of nouns as modifiers, objections to which stem from attempts to impose Latin grammar on English. Noun
NICE tells local planners to improve access to contraception services
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Young people should have more convenient access to contraception and sexual health advice to reduce unwanted pregnancies, says new guidance from the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).1

Although the rate of conception among women under 18 years old in 2012 was the lowest since 1969, there were still 27 834 conceptions in this age group in England and Wales—one of the highest teen pregnancy rates in Europe. Almost half (49%) of these conceptions among teenagers resulted in an abortion, show figures …
Teratogenesis and Antiepileptic Drugs
Authors: Reba Michels Hill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The article by Monson et al. (page 1049, this issue) is most thought provoking, but the reader gets the impression that only the very tip of an iceberg has been uncovered. Their series of 50,951 infants was gleaned from the Collaborative Study on Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Other Neurological and Sensory Disorders of Infancy and Childhood. From this series five groups of infants were identified: infants exposed to diphenylhydantoin during the first four lunar months of gestation; those with sporadic exposure during the first four lunar months; those exposed after four months' gestation; those born to patients with seizures . . .
PET imaging of cerebral perfusion and oxygen consumption in acute ischaemic stroke: relation to outcome
Authors: G. Marchal, P. Rioux, M.C. Petit-Tabou, J.M. Derlon, J.C. Baron, C. Serrati, F. Viader, V. de la Sayette, F. Le Doze, P. Lochon, M.C. Petit-Taboué, J.M. Orgogozo
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Bartholomew the Apostle: The Saint of Dermatology
Authors: Kachiu C. Lee, Barry Ladizinski
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Aerosolised ribavirin in patients with advanced cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a pilot study.
Authors: C Agusti, A Xaubet, E Ballester, A Alarcon, C Picado
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND: A report has recently been published concerning a patient with a cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis who showed a striking improvement after being treated with the antiviral drug ribavirin (tribavirin, Virazid). The objective of this study was to further evaluate, in an open trial, the efficacy of rivabirin in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. METHODS: Ten patients (eight women) with advanced cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis received aerosolised ribavirin (6 g/day for 15 days). Chest radiographs, lung function, and severity of dyspnoea were evaluated before and after two weeks of rivabirin treatment and also at three and 12 months. RESULTS: No differences in radiographs, lung function impairment, or severity of dyspnoea were found after treatment. No side effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of high doses of aerosolised ribavirin has no beneficial effects in patients with advanced cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.
Hard to Conceive
Authors: Julie H. Levison, Robert L. Barbieri, Joel T. Katz, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 31-year-old woman originally from Nepal presented to her physician after unsuccessful attempts at pregnancy for the previous 18 months. She reported having menarche at 13 years of age and had regular menses every 4 weeks. She had no history of sexually transmitted diseases, pelvic inflammatory diseases, use of an intrauterine device, exposure to diethylstilbestrol, abnormal Papanicolaou smears, or previous pregnancies.
Group Visits Improve Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marina Trento, Pietro Passera, Marco Tomalino, Marina Bajardi, Fulvio Pomero, Attilio Allione, Piero Vaccari, Gian Michele Molinatti, Massimo Porta
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate whether group visits, delivered as routine diabetes care and structured according to a systemic education approach, are more effective than individual consultations in improving metabolic control in non–insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In a randomized controlled clinical trial of 112 patients, 56 patients were allocated to groups of 9 or 10 individuals who participated in group consultations, and 56 patients (considered control subjects) underwent individual visits plus support education. All visits were scheduled every 3 months. RESULTS—After 2 years, HbA1c levels were lower in patients seen in groups than in control subjects (P &amp;lt; 0.002). Levels of HDL cholesterol had increased in patients seen in groups but had not increased in control subjects (P = 0.045). BMI (P = 0.06) and fasting triglyceride level (P = 0.053) were lower. Patients participating in group visits had improved knowledge of diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and quality of life (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and experienced more appropriate health behaviors (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Physicians spent less time seeing 9–10 patients as a group rather than individually, but patients had longer interaction with health care providers. CONCLUSIONS—Group consultations may improve metabolic control in the medium term by inducing more appropriate health behaviors. They are feasible in everyday clinical practice without increasing working hours.
Periodic Physician Recredentialing
Authors: Alfred Gellhorn
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The quality of health care services is a major concern of consumers and commands attention in the national health policy debate. The government and business emphasize quality medical care for its immediate relevance to cost containment. Federal legislation has been introduced requiring physician recertification, 19 of 23 specialty boards are requiring periodic recertification, and it has been proposed that reimbursement for physician services be contingent on compliance with standards of medical care. In the past 3 years, planning has been in progress in New York State to implement periodic physician recredentialing for medical relicensure. The current plan emphasizes peer review of guidelines developed by specialty societies and proposes educational enhancement, not loss of license, if a need to correct deficiencies is identified.
Type I (insulin dependent) diabetes: a disease of slow clinical onset?
Authors: A C Tarn, C P Smith, K M Spencer, G F Bottazzo, E A Gale
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Type I (insulin dependent) diabetes is usually believed to present acutely and it is assumed that metabolic decompensation is sudden. In a prospective family study, however, 10 of 13 subjects developing the disease showed progressive or intermittent development of hyperglycaemia over many months and the others had non-specific symptoms over a long period. All were first degree relatives of a child with type I diabetes; 10 were siblings (aged 5-24) and three were parents (aged 45-58). All possessed HLA-DR4 or DR3, or both, and all but two had been positive for islet cell antibodies for six to 86 months before diagnosis. Ten had non-specific symptoms for two to 14 months before the onset of thirst and polyuria; one remained asymptomatic even when insulin became necessary. Six subjects had an oral glucose tolerance test before clinical onset, of whom five were diabetic by World Health Organisation criteria four, four, six, seven, and 21 months before insulin was needed. Nine showed random blood glucose concentrations above the 97.5th centile (6.3 mmol/l) six to 34 months (median 12) before diagnosis. Two others had a glucose tolerance test result compatible with diabetes but had not reached the stage of needing insulin. Hyperglycaemia is often of insidious onset in type I diabetes, even in children and young adults. Diagnosis will inevitably be late if considered only when acute symptoms of thirst and polyuria develop.
Ambulatory Blood-Pressure Monitoring as a Predictive Tool
Authors: Julie R. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Although some patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, many do not. Thus, a simple, noninvasive method of identifying those at highest — and lowest — risk for the development of complications would be invaluable.Certain markers, such as microalbuminuria, which indicates the presence of very early renal disease, offer some promise. Yet if microalbuminuria is present, there is already substantial renal injury, which may prove difficult or impossible to reverse. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin is directly related to the risk of microalbuminuria, as well as other diabetic complications. Maintaining glycosylated hemoglobin at a . . .
Differentiation between restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericarditis by the measurement of doppler myocardial imaging derived myocardial velocity gradient
Authors: P. Palka, E.J. Donnelly, E. McRorie, C.M. Tumbuli, M. Francis, R.A. Wright, A. Lange, I.R. Starkey, T.R.D. Shaw, K.A.A. Fox
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Differences in Medical Care and Disease Outcomes Among Black and White Women With Heart Disease
Authors: Ashish K. Jha, Paul D. Varosy, Alka M. Kanaya, Donald B. Hunninghake, Mark A. Hlatky, David D. Waters, Curt D. Furberg, Michael G. Shlipak
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The risk of cardiovascular mortality is higher among black women than white women, and the reasons for this disparity are largely unexplored. We sought to evaluate differences in medical care and clinical outcomes among black and white women with established coronary artery disease.Among the 2699 women enrolled in the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS), we used Cox proportional hazards models to determine the association of race with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events independent of major cardiovascular risk factors or medical therapies. During an average of 4.1 years of follow-up, CHD events were twice as likely in black compared with white women (6.4 versus 3.1 per 100 person-years, hazard ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.8; P<0.001). Black women had higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, yet were less likely to receive aspirin or statins. Black women less often had optimal blood pressure (56% versus 63%; P=0.01) and LDL cholesterol (30% versus 38%; P=0.04) control at baseline and during follow-up. After adjusting for these and other differences, black women still had >50% higher CHD event risk (hazard ratio, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.1; P=0.03).In a large cohort of women with heart disease, black women less often received appropriate preventive therapy and adequate risk factor control despite a greater CHD event risk. Interventions to improve appropriate therapy and risk factor control in all women, and especially black women, are needed.
Study of diagnostic importance of a group of immunological parameters in 212 rheumatic patients, with special reference to rheumatoid arthritis [Proceedings].
Authors: E Noguera Hernando, A Larrea Gayarre, E Fernandez Cruz, M Kreisler, A Bootello
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

From the study of our cases we think that the process does not seem to be a coincidence of both diseases but rather of the action of the X factor or factors of RA upon the domain of AS which would result in a variant of associate AS.This would be the true 'rheumatoid spondyloarthritis'.Its rate of frequency, since the predominance of AS marked by HL-A 27 is 6% in our country, would be somewhat higher than that reported by Fallet, if our hypothesis proves to be correct.Evi- dently it would not reach the ratio of 1/1600 which is the ratio to be expected if every factor of RA, by incidence of the HL-A 27, would cause this mixed picture.
FROZEN TOXIN-ANTITOXIN REACTIONS
Authors: Eugene R. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In view of the widespread newspaper publicity that has been given to the reactions following the injection of frozentoxin-antitoxin mixture in this state, it seems desirable at this time to issue a statement giving the main facts at Concord and Bridgewater, Mass. Two lots of 1 L diphtheria toxin-antitoxin mixture, which had satisfactorily passed all our laboratory and the United States hygienic laboratory tests for harmlessness and purity, were exposed to temperatures of zero or less after distribution. During the recent extreme cold weather, this material, when injected into the arms of children, produced in the majority within twenty-four hours marked constitutional reactions, and a severe local inflammatory reaction. The constitutional reactions have subsided, and the local processes are now showing rapid improvement. Other vials of the same lot numbers, which have not been exposed to low temperatures, were used in hundreds of cases and produced no
Hemodynamic and renal effects of ascites apheresis, concentration and reinfusion in advanced cirrhosis
Authors: Mauro Bernardi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Trevisani, Paolo Caraceni, Carlo De Collibus, Alessandra Colantoni, Piero Andreone, Carmela Cursaro, Amedeo Ligabue, Giovanni Gasbarrini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)