tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperactivity of fibroblasts cultured from psoriatic skin: II. Synthesis of macromolecules
Authors: G.C. PRIESTLEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Glycosaminoglycans and protein synthesis were assessed in fibroblasts cultured from the involved (PSA strains) and uninvolved (PSB strains) forearm skin of patients with severe generalized psoriasis and compared with that in fibroblasts from the forearm skin of control subjects of similar ages (NSF strains). Average rates of glycosaminoglycan secretion were 19% (PSA) and 28% higher (PSB) in psoriatic strains. Although these differences were not significant in themselves, the relationship between glycosaminoglycan secretion and fibroblast density (cells/cm2) was significantly different (P=0.02) for the psoriatic and control groups, with the psoriatic cells secreting appreciably more glycosaminoglycans at higher cell densities. The nature of the glycosaminoglycans produced was the same in psoriatic and normal strains; 90% was recovered in the culture medium and the bulk of this appeared to be hyaluronic acid with only small amounts of sulphated components. Collagen synthesis was 77% higher in PSA and PSB strains (P < 0.01), while other protein synthesis was increased by 44% (P <0.05). These findings confirm that fibroblasts from psoriatic skin are hyperactive in vitro. The data are compatible with the results of studies of psoriatic skin in vivo and suggest that the entire skin is abnormal.
Reticuloendothelial function in coeliac disease and ulcerative colitis.
Authors: K R Palmer, D C Barber, S B Sherriff, C D Holdsworth
Journal: Gut (1983)

Patients with ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease who had been shown by impaired clearance of heat damaged red cells to have diminished splenic phagocytosis, were examined for evidence of more generalised reticuloendothelial malfunction by measuring their circulatory clearance of micro-aggregated albumin. Although in animals micro-aggregated albumin is largely removed by Kupffer cells, we found impaired clearance in otherwise normal subjects who had previously had surgical splenectomy. In patients with hyposplenism because of bowel disease there was no additional impairment of micro-aggregated albumin clearance, indicating that their hyposplenism is an isolated phenomenon and not part of a generalised reticuloendothelial atrophy. Patients with coeliac disease and normal splenic function had increased reticuloendothelial catabolic activity; this was not present in patients with coeliac disease and abnormal splenic function.
Collecting morbidity data in general practice: the Somerset morbidity project
Authors: N. Pearson, J. O Brien, H. Thomas, P. Ewings, L. Gallier, A. Bussey
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To collect a valid, complete, continuous, and representative database of morbidity presenting to primary care and to use the data to help commission services on the basis of local need and effectiveness. <b>Setting</b>: Computerised general practices in Somerset. <b>Methods</b>: Participating general practices were selected to be representative of the district health authority population for general practice and population characteristics. All conditions presented at face to face consultations were assigned a Read code and episode type and the data were regularly validated. Data were sent by modem from the practices via a third party to the health authority each week. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Proportion of consultations coded and accuracy of coding. <b>Results</b>: 11 practices agreed to participate. Validations for completeness during April 1994 to March 1995 revealed that 96.4% of the records were coded; 94% of the 1090 records validated had appropriate episode types and 87% appropriate Read codes. The results have been used to help formulate the health authority9s purchasing plans and have enabled a change in the local contracts for surgery for glue ear. <b>Conclusions</b>: The project has shown the feasibility of establishing a network of practices recording and reporting the morbidity seen in primary care. Early indications are that the data can be useful in evidence based purchasing. <h3>Key messages</h3> This study shows that general practitioners will contribute to a morbidity database if given fi- nancial support and confidentiality is safeguarded Validation procedures ensure that the data are high quality Information from the database can be used to purchase health care based on the population9s needs as well as to monitor and improve the health of the population
In the Hospital Playroom
Authors: Heidi L. Witherell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum18 January 2000In the Hospital PlayroomHeidi L. Witherell, MAHeidi L. Witherell, MAMenlo Park, CA 94025 (Witherell)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-2-200001180-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The brown-haired boy presses the buttonto sound the whirl-whoosh horn of the train.He peers through the glass encasementtrying to see the sleek metal carswinding along bends and curves of track.Wanting to touch the train,he spreads fingers on plates of glass.He turns, reaching for his shiny red wagon,the blackened handle resting on the floor.A rod supports the intravenous device,mounted to the back of the wagon.He lifts the handle and leans with his weight,tubes trailing, looping from one arm hanging lowand the tip of the rod where hope is.bends over to pick up the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Menlo Park, CA 94025 (Witherell)Corresponding Author: Heidi L. Witherell, MA, 960 Oak Lane, Apartment B, Menlo Park, CA 94025. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 January 2000Volume 132, Issue 2Page: 154KeywordsBlistersStrokeTouch Issue Published: 18 January 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Hepatic cholesteryl ester accumulation in lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: Non-invasive identification and treatment monitoring by magnetic resonance
Authors: Peter E. Thelwall, Fiona E. Smith, Mark C. Leavitt, David Canty, Wei Hu, Kieren G. Hollingsworth, Christian Thoma, Michael I. Trenell, Roy Taylor, Joseph V. Rutkowski, Andrew M. Blamire, Anthony G. Quinn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

Lysosomal Acid Lipase (LAL) deficiency is a rare metabolic storage disease, caused by a marked reduction in activity of LAL, which leads to accumulation of cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) in lysosomes in many tissues. We used (1)H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy to characterize the abnormalities in hepatic lipid content and composition in patients with LAL deficiency, and in ex vivo liver tissue from a LAL deficiency rat model. Secondly, we used MR spectroscopy to monitor the effects of an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), sebelipase alfa (a recombinant human lysosomal acid lipase), on hepatic TG and CE content in the preclinical model.Human studies employed cohorts of LAL-deficient patients and NAFLD subjects. Rat experimental groups comprised ex vivo liver samples of wild type, NAFLD, LAL-deficient, and LAL-deficient rats receiving 4weeks of sebelipase alfa treatment. Hepatic (1)H MR spectroscopy was performed using 3T (human) and 7T (preclinical) MRI scanners to quantify hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content.CE accumulation was identified in LAL deficiency in both human and preclinical studies. A significant decrease in hepatic CE was observed in LAL-deficient rats following treatment with sebelipase alfa.We demonstrate an entirely non-invasive method to identify and quantify the hepatic lipid signature associated with a rare genetic cause of fatty liver. The approach provides a more favorable alternative to repeated biopsy sampling for diagnosis and disease progression / treatment monitoring of patients with LAL deficiency and other disorders characterised by increased free cholesterol and/or cholesteryl esters.
Characterization of a liver-specific HBx interacting protein XIP
Authors: M MELEGARI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The genetic organization of hepadnaviruses is unusual in that all cis-acting regulatory sequences are located within genes. Thus, in the mammalian hepadnavirus genome, the presurface, surface, and X transcript promoters reside within the polymerase gene while the pregenome transcript promoter is located within the X gene. In this study we have identified two additional promoters within the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) X gene that stimulate production of transcripts in vitro. First, we cloned regions of the WHV X gene into a promoterless expression vector (pGL2) to examine their ability to promote expression of firefly luciferase and mapped a previously unidentified promoter to positions 1475–1625 of the WHV8 genome. Deletion analysis revealed that the essential domain of this promoter, termed the ORF5/ΔX transcript promoter, mapped to nucleotides 1525–1625. Analysis revealed that this transcript initiated at nucleotide 1572 in both human (HuH-7) and woodchuck (WLC-3) hepatoma cell lines. Consistent with this finding, DNA footprinting analysis revealed protection of nucleotides 1567–1578 on the positive strand of the WHV8 genome. The function of this transcript in vivo is unclear, however, it may be used to produce a truncated form of the X protein that initiates at an AUG codon at position 1743–1745 on the WHV8 genome. Next, a second promoter was identified at positions 1625–1975 that was responsible for production of an antisense transcript. The activity of this promoter was comparable to that of the previously characterized surface transcript promoter of WHV in the absence of an enhancer. The antisense transcript promoter resides immediately upstream of open reading frame (ORF) 6, a previously identified ORF on the strand opposite of the known WHV protein-encoding sequences, that is thought to represent a vestigial gene. Analysis indicates that the antisense transcript had multiple start sites: nucleotides 1683 and 1762 on the WHV8 genome when assayed in HuH-7 cells, and nucleotide 1786 when assayed in WLC-3 cells. These data are consistent with footprinting analysis of supercoiled WHV DNA that revealed that the regions encompassing nucleotides 1696–1685, 1781–1766, and 1801–1787 on the negative sense DNA strand were protected from nuclease degradation. It is possible that such a transcript was once used in protein expression in an ancestral virus and may now be used for genetic control of WHV replication and/or gene expression. Overall, these data are consistent with the presence of a bidirectional promoter complex within the WHV X gene.
SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDES FROM FUNGI
Authors: H. D. Kesten, D. H. Cook, E. Mott, J. W. Jobling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

From each of five yeast-like fungi and a trichophyton there has been prepared a fraction which appears to be essentially a polysaccharide. Tested by direct precipitation against the corresponding antisera the polysaccharides from the yeast-like fungi exhibit only partial specificity. Cross-precipitin reactions are frequent. By absorption of precipitin on the intact mycotic bodies, however, a relatively high degree of specific precipitability can be demonstrated for the polysaccharides.
Lipopolysaccharide treatment of rats alters antigen expression and oxidative metabolism in hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells
Authors: Thomas W. Mc Closkey, Jeanine A. Todaro, Debra L. Laskin
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Endothelial cells and macrophages are located within the hepatic sinusoids. These two cell types play an important role in the clearance of bacterially derived lipopolysaccharide from the portal circulation. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that treatment of rats with lipopolysaccharide results in the accumulation of macrophages in the liver that display properties of activated mononuclear phagocytes. This study was designed to analyze the effects of lipopolysaccharide on hepatic endothelial cells. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with 5 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide. Macrophages and endothelial cells were isolated from the rats 48 hr later by in situ perfusion of the liver with collagenase and pronase followed by differential centrifugation and centrifugal elutriation. We found that lipopolysaccharide treatment of rats resulted in an increase in the number of both macrophages and endothelial cells recovered from the liver. Using specific monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry, both macrophages and endothelial cells were found to express cell surface markers for Ia antigen, leukocyte common antigen, CD4 and the macrophage antigen, ED2. Macrophages expressed greater levels of these markers than endothelial cells. Flow cytometric analysis also revealed considerable subpopulation heterogeneity in the endothelial cells in antigen expression, physical characteristics and functional activity. Treatment of rats with lipopolysaccharide decreased expression of cell surface markers on the macrophages but not on the endothelial cells. This may be due to the distinct origin of these cells. To determine whether endothelial cells, like macrophages, were activated by lipopolysaccharide, we examined their ability to produce reactive oxygen intermediates. Using three different analytical methods, we found that both macrophages and endothelial cells produced reactive oxygen intermediates in response to 12–0–tetradecanoyl phorbol–13–acetate. This response was enhanced in cells from lipopolysaccharide–treated rats. Taken together, our data suggest that both endothelial cells and macrophages may be involved in the inflammatory response of the liver to lipopolysaccharide. (Hepatology 1992;16:191-203.)
Successful surgical treatment of lipoid proteinosis
Authors: N.G. BUCHAN, J.V.HARVEY KEMBLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Successful surgical treatment of lipoid proteinosis Get access N.G. BUCHAN, N.G. BUCHAN Department of Plastic Surgery, Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton, London, S.W.I5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.V.HARVEY KEMBLE J.V.HARVEY KEMBLE Department of Plastic Surgery, Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton, London, S.W.I5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 5, 1 May 1974, Pages 561–566, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06453.x Published: 01 May 1974 Article history Accepted: 07 August 1973 Published: 01 May 1974
John Morley Davies
Authors: Brian Beach
Journal: BMJ (2006)

served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Normandy, Belgium, and Rhodesia before joining his brother in general practice in Bellshill in industrial Lanarkshire.After retirement in 1978 he did locum work.He was chairman of Lanarkshire Medical Committee for 12 years.In addition to an avid interest in politics, sport, crosswords, and puddings, he supplied family, friends and neighbours with plants annually, and grew show chrysanthemums, winning many prizes locally and nationally.He was chairman of the Scottish Chrysanthemum and Dahlia Society for many years.David survived cancer three times.
Possible Genetic Susceptibility to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Hemophiliacs
Authors: Laurent Jacob, Pascale Maisonneuve, Daniel Sereni, Yvette Sultan, Claude Laroche, Claire Gazengel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1986Possible Genetic Susceptibility to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in HemophiliacsLAURENT JACOB, PASCALE MAISONNEUVE, DANIEL SERENI, YVETTE SULTAN, CLAUDE LAROCHE, CLAIRE GAZENGELLAURENT JACOBSearch for more papers by this author, PASCALE MAISONNEUVESearch for more papers by this author, DANIEL SERENISearch for more papers by this author, YVETTE SULTANSearch for more papers by this author, CLAUDE LAROCHESearch for more papers by this author, CLAIRE GAZENGELSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-130_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to report the first fatal cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in France in two patients with severe hemophilia A who were treated with factor VIII concentrate from foreign and French suppliers. The two patients had opportunistic infection and a pronounced defect in cell-mediated immunity: a marked decrease of T4 lymphocytes (101 and 79/mm3, respectively) with a depressed helper (T4)/suppressor (T8) ratio (0. 2 and 0.5, respectively).Antibodies to the lymphadenopathy-associated virus/human T-lymphotropic virus type III (LAV/HTLV-III) were found in both patients by an indirect immunofluorescent assay. Antibodies to the virus were found in...References1. RAGNI M, KIERMAN S, and WINKELSTEIN A. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the child of a haemophiliac. Lancet. 1985;2:133-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MELBEYE M, BIGGAC R, CHERMANN J, MONTAGNIER L, STENBJERG S, and EBBESSEN P. High prevalance of lymphadenopathy virus (LAV) in European haemophiliacs. Lancet. 1984;2:40-1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SPIRE B, BARRÉ-SINOUSSI F, DORMONT D, MONTAGNIER L, and CHERMANN J. Inactivation of lymphadenopathy-associated virus by heat, gama rays, and ultraviolet light. Lancet. 1985;1:188-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LAURENT JACOB; PASCALE MAISONNEUVE; DANIEL SERENI; YVETTE SULTAN; CLAUDE LAROCHE; CLAIRE GAZENGEL PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe HIV/AIDS epidemic: its evolutionary implications for human ecology with special reference to the immune systemPropafenone: An Effective Agent for the Management of Supraventricular ArrhythmiasReappraisal of Aids — Is the oxidation induced by the risk factors the primary cause? 1 January 1986Volume 104, Issue 1Page: 130-130KeywordsAIDSAntibodiesCell mediated immunityGenetic predispositionHemophilia ALymphocytesOpportunistic infections ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Accidental Hypothermia in the Elderly
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Like many adjustments to environmental stimuli, the adaptation to temperature changes becomes less efficient with advancing age. When exposed to cold, the aged do not increase their heat production as well as do the young. Nor are they able to control as effectively their heat loss by peripheral vasoconstriction. Often, they are less able to sense the cold than they did when they were younger. Accidental hypothermia is more common and more lethal in the elderly. It is also less easily recognizable. In children and in adults younger than 60 years of age, the cause of hypothermia is obvious. Usually it is an exposure to extreme cold under special circumstances. The victim may be a mountain climber caught in a snowstorm, a fisherman whose boat capsized in cold waters, or an alcoholic found asleep in the snow. In the older person, the circumstances are less dramatic and the cause less
INCREASED CIRCULATING MATRIX GLA PROTEIN IN HEART FAILURE-ASSOCIATION WITH FUNCTIONAL, HEMODYNAMIC AND NEUROHORMONAL DISEASE SEVERITY
Authors: Thor Ueland, Christen P. Dahl, Lars Gullestad, Pal Aukrust, Sven Aakhus, Kaspar Broch, Cees Vermeer, Leon J. Schurgers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
THE EFFECT OF THE SIZE OF THE INOCULUM AND THE AGE OF THE INFECTION ON THE CURATIVE DOSE OF PENICILLIN IN EXPERIMENTAL INFECTIONS WITH STREPTOCOCCI, PNEUMOCOCCI, AND TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
Authors: Harry Eagle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

The amount of penicillin which suffices to abort pneumococcal and streptococcal infections in white mice and rabbits, as well as syphilitic infection in rabbits, has been shown to increase markedly with the number of organisms inoculated. The curative dose increases also with the age of the infection, presumably owing to the interim increase in the number of organisms in the nfected host. The necessity for the larger doses of penicillin is attributed to the longer itime for which effectively bactericidal concentrations of penicillin must then be provided in order to kill the larger number of organisms.
Pitfalls of Bone Mineral Density Evaluation by Dual-Photon Absorptiometry
Authors: MARK W. ELLIOTT, BRIAN EISENBERG, MAXINE H. DORIN, SYLVIA VELA, RICHARD I. DORIN, GLEN H. MURATA, ANTONIOS H. TZAMALOUKAS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Material absorbing photons aligned with the lumbar vertebrae can create falsely elevated measurements of bone mineral density during dual-photon absorptiometry. Three cases illustrating this phenomenon are presented. Although bone mineral density was overestimated in each case, calculated fracture risk was normal in two cases and greatly increased in the third. Photon-absorbing material can create overestimates of bone mineral density during dual-photon absorptiometry, even when a greatly increased fracture risk is computed.
Activation of a recombinant human factor VII structural analogue alters its affinity of binding to tissue factor
Authors: Sampath Sridhara, Shu Chaing, Katherine A. High, Morris A. Blajchman, Bryan J. Clarke
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

A competitive enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) technique has been developed to facilitate quantitative analysis of the earliest step in the initiation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, i.e., complex formation of factor VII/VIIa with tissue factor. The ELISA measures the binding of biotinylated human plasma factor VII to relipidated recombinant human tissue factor. Quantitation of the relative affinity (expressed as IC50) of any factor VII molecular population or structural analogue for tissue factor can be determined by competitive binding. Subnanomolar concentrations of both wild-type recombinant human factor VII (rFVII) and rFVII(R152Q), a mutation at the FVII activation site, competed effectively with biotinylated plasma-derived factor VII in binding to tissue factor. In contrast, the affinity of rFVII(R79Q), a mutation in the first epidermal growth factor-like domain, was 12-fold lower. Following activation of rFVII(R79Q), its affinity for tissue factor and enzymatic activity increased 4-fold and 6-fold, respectively. For wild-type rFVII, enzymatic activity rose significantly following activation. However, its affinity for tissue factor was unchanged. We conclude that both the activation state of factor VII and the mutation of amino-acid residues within the first epidermal growth factor-like domain may alter the affinity of factor VII for tissue factor. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.