tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Michael Green
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 October 1991Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Teaching HospitalsMichael Green, MDMichael Green, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-578_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Although cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was originally conceived as an intervention to reverse acute cardiac arrest in otherwise healthy patients, it has recently evolved into a desperate attempt to revive the dying. Because of its low success rate and its great potential for harm, CPR should not be initiated thoughtlessly. Decisions to resuscitate patients, like decisions to withhold CPR, should reflect thoughtful discussion, deliberate analysis, and serious consideration. Unfortunately, despite widespread attention devoted to this issue in the academic literature and in the popular press, explicit resuscitation directives such as do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are still often absent when...References1. GleesonWise KS. The do-not resuscitate order: still too little too late. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:1057-60. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Wagner A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the aged: a prospective survey. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:1129-30. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. TomlinsonBrody TH. Futility and the ethics of resuscitation. JAMA. 1990;264:1276-80. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. . Guidelines for the appropriate use of do-not-resuscitate orders. JAMA. 1991;265:1868-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Evanston Hospital Evanston, IL 60201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1991Volume 115, Issue 7Page: 578-578KeywordsCardiopulmonary resuscitationDecision analysisDo not resuscitate ordersHeartResuscitation Issue Published: 1 October 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract A25: Yin Yang 1 promotes AKT activation through direct protein binding
Authors: Qiang Zhang, Meimei Wan, David A. Horita, Lance D. Miller, Steven J. Kridel, Timothy E. Kute, George Kulik, Guangchao Sui
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract As a polycomb group protein, Yin Yang 1 (YY1) plays an important role in cancer epigenetics. YY1 regulates both gene expression and protein modifications, including histone acetylation and methylation. We recently reported a proliferative role of YY1 and its cytoplasmic presence in breast cancer. In the current study, we demonstrated that YY1 promotes AKT phosphorylation at S473, a marker of AKT activation. The immunostaining signal of YY1 and AKT(S473) phosphorylation positively correlated and colocalized in breast cancer tissues and cells. The oncogene protein binding (OPB) domain (G201-S226) of YY1 bound to AKT and was necessary for YY1 in promoting AKT phosphorylation. This novel function of YY1 is independent of its transcriptional activity because YY1 promoted AKT phosphorylation in an in vitro setting using purified proteins and YY1 mutants deficient in binding to DNA retained this activity. Our further studies revealed that YY1 interacted with the PH domain of AKT where PIP3 binds and its role in promoting AKT phosphorylation was abolished when we depleted mSIN1, a specific component of mTORC2 that mediates AKT(S473) phosphorylation. Thus, we discovered a PI3K-independent mechanism of mTORC2-mediated AKT activation stimulated by YY1 binding to its PH domain, which supports the proliferative role of YY1 in mammary oncogenesis. Citation Format: Qiang Zhang, Meimei Wan, David A. Horita, Lance D. Miller, Steven J. Kridel, Timothy E. Kute, George Kulik, Guangchao Sui. Yin Yang 1 promotes AKT activation through direct protein binding. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A25.
Plasma Disappearance of Albumin and Impact of Capillary Thickness in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy and After Heart Transplantation
Authors: Søren Galatius, Lasse Bent-Hansen, Henrik Wroblewski, Vibeke B. Sørensen, Tove Nørgaard, Jens Kastrup
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The increased plasma disappearance of albumin has previously been described in decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF); this disappearance normalized after diuretic treatment. Cardiac transplantation (HTX) and current medical treatment affect microvascular structure and function. We investigated the plasma disappearance of albumin and the impact of microvascular thickness and electrostatic properties in patients with compensated CHF and after HTX. Methods and Results —The fraction of intravascular albumin that passes to the extravascular space per unit time, as determined from the plasma disappearance of intravenously injected 131 I-labeled albumin, was increased to 7.8±1.7% in 16 patients with CHF compared with 18 controls (6.5±1.9%, P &lt;0.05); these levels normalized after HTX (5.8±2.6%, P &lt;0.01, n=17). The change in ratio between 131 I-albumin and simultaneously injected negatively charged glycosylated 125 I-albumin (selectivity index, &gt;1/hour in controls) was lower in patients with HTX (0.993±0.022/hour) than in controls (1.008±0.019/hour; P &lt;0.05), which indicated a relatively increased plasma disappearance of negatively charged albumin in HTX patients. Capillary basement membrane thickness was evaluated semiquantitatively from skin biopsies and showed no difference in the 3 groups (control, CHF, and HTX patients). However, in all 3 study groups, subjects with thicker capillary basement membranes had lower albumin escape rates (6.1±1.8%, n=32, versus 7.6±2.6% in subjects without thickening of capillary basement membranes, n=19; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —The plasma disappearance of albumin increased in patients with compensated CHF and it normalized after HTX. The present normalized capillary basement thicknesses in patients with CHF and the direct association between this parameter and plasma albumin disappearance indicate that previous compensatory microvascular basement membrane growth results in restricted permeability. Microvascular electrostatic properties did not relate to plasma albumin disappearance.
Specific tolerance to an acetylcholine receptor epitope induced in vitro in myasthenia gravis CD4+ lymphocytes by soluble major histocompatibility complex class II-peptide complexes.
Authors: M W Nicolle, B Nag, S D Sharma, N Willcox, A Vincent, D J Ferguson, J Newsom-Davis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

In autoimmune disorders, inactivation of pathogenic antigen-specific T cells, rather than global immunosuppression, would be highly desirable. One way to achieve this would be to deliver the first antigen-specific signal to the T cell in the absence of the second costimulatory signal. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a well-characterized autoimmune disease in which T cell-dependent autoantibodies are directed against the acetylcholine receptor (A ChR) at the neuromuscular junction. AChR-specific T cells have been cloned from MG patients, and in this study, we have induced long-lasting tolerance in vitro in one particular clone (PM-A1) with a known peptide epitope (alpha 144-163) and MHC class II restriction (DR4 Dw14.2 or 4.2) by using soluble MHC-class II peptide complexes. Preincubation of PM-A1 T cells with such complexes induced death by apoptosis in < or = 40-50% of the AChR-specific cells. Surviving cells remained refractory to stimulation with AChR-derived synthetic peptides or recombinant polypeptides for < or = 38 d after complex treatment. These effects were highly specific, dose-dependent and required > 2 h preincubation. The T cells could be protected from the tolerizing effects of complex by coincubation with DR-matched or -mismatched antigen-presenting cells. This work shows that antigen-specific T cells can be selectively killed or anergized using soluble MHC class II: peptide complexes. Such an antigen-specific therapy offers a rational approach to the immunotherapy of autoimmune or allergic disease in vivo.
Specific mitochondrial DNA deletions in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jose Marin-Garcia, Michael J. Goldenthal, Radha Ananthakrishnan, Mary Ella M. Pierpont, F. Jay Fricker, Steven E. Lipshultz, Antonio Perez-Atayde
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Structural changes in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been implicated in a number of clinical conditions with dysfunctions in oxidative phosphorylation called OX-PHOS diseases, some of which have cardiac involvement. The objective of this study was to assess the frequency and extent of specific mitochondrial DNA deletions in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.DNA extracted from tissue derived from the left ventricle of 41 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and 17 controls was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers to assess the incidence and proportion of 5-kb and 7.4-kb deletions in mitochondrial DNA.In reactions using primers to detect the 5-kb deletion, an amplified product of 593 bp was found in low abundance relative to undeleted mitochondrial DNA but with high frequency in a number of controls and patients. A second deletion of 7.4 kb in size was also frequently present in controls and patients. In contrast to previous reports, these deletions were found to be present in both controls and in cardiomyopathic patients, 18 years and younger, including several infants. The 7.4-kb deletion was prominently increased in both frequency and in its proportion relative to undeleted mitochondrial DNA in patients 40 years and older with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.At variance with current literature our study reports a significant presence of both 5 and 7.4-kb deletions in the young and a higher frequency and quantity of the 7.4-kb deletion in the older cardiomyopathic patients in comparison with controls. The increased accumulation of the 7.4-kb deletion as both a function of aging and cardiomyopathy is suggestive that this specific mitochondrial DNA deletion arises more likely as an effect of heart dysfunction rather than as a primary cause of cardiomyopathy.
In vitro selection of viral vectors with modified tropism: the adeno-associated virus display
Authors: Luca Perabo, Hildegard Büning, David M Kofler, Martin U Ried, Anne Girod, Clemens M Wendtner, Jörg Enssle, Michael Hallek
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Improving the efficiency and specificity of gene vectors is critical for the success of gene therapy. In an effort to generate viral mutants with controlled tropism we produced a library of adeno-associated virus (AAV) clones with randomly modified capsids and used it for the selection of receptor-targeting mutants. After several rounds of selection on different cell lines that were resistant to infection by wild-type (wt) AAV, infectious mutants were harvested at high titers. These mutants transduced target cells with an up to 100-fold increased efficiency, in a receptor-specific manner and without interacting with the primary receptor for wt AAV. The results demonstrate for the first time that a combinatorial approach based on a eukaryotic virus library allows one to generate efficient, receptor-specific targeting vectors with desired tropism.
Novel Estrogen Receptor-α Binding Sites and Estradiol Target Genes Identified by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Cloning in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhihong Lin, Scott Reierstad, Chiang-Ching Huang, Serdar E. Bulun
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and its ligand estradiol play critical roles in breast cancer growth and are important therapeutic targets for this disease. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-on-chip, ligand-bound ERα was recently found to function as a master transcriptional regulator via binding to many cis-acting sites genome-wide. Here, we used an alternative technology (ChIP cloning) and identified 94 ERα target loci in breast cancer cells. The ERα-binding sites contained both classic estrogen response elements and nonclassic binding sequences, showed specific transcriptional activity in reporter gene assay, and interacted with the key transcriptional regulators, including RNA polymerase II and nuclear receptor coactivator-3. The great majority of the binding sites were located in either introns or far distant to coding regions of genes. Forty-three percent of the genes that lie within 50 kb to an ERα-binding site were regulated by estradiol. Most of these genes are novel estradiol targets encoding receptors, signaling messengers, and ion binders/transporters. mRNA profiling in estradiol-treated breast cancer cell lines and tissues revealed that these genes are highly ERα responsive both in vitro and in vivo. Among estradiol-induced genes, Wnt11 was found to increase cell survival by significantly reducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Taken together, we showed novel genomic binding sites of ERα that regulate a novel set of genes in response to estradiol in breast cancer. Our findings suggest that at least a subset of these genes, including Wnt11, may play important in vivo and in vitro biological roles in breast cancer. [Cancer Res 2007;67(10):5017–8]
Antibiotic Therapy in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: James C. Hurley
Journal: JAMA (2010)

To the Editor: Dr Rothberg and colleagues1 assessed the relationship between antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in patients hospitalized with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. I have 3 concerns about the methods used in this study.
Blood Flow in the Diabetic Leg
Authors: HENDRICK B. BARNER, GEORGE C. KAISER, VALLEE L. WILLMAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Femoropopliteal bypass grafting with reversed saphenous vein was performed in 47 nondiabetic and 27 diabetic extremities. Graft flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow probe before and after injection of 15 mg of papaverine into the graft. Basal flow (nondiabetic, 74 ± 6; diabetic, 76 ± 11 ml/min) was similar in the two groups. Peak flow was significantly higher in the nondiabetic group (217 ± 14 ml/min) than in the diabetic group (169 ± 18 ml/min, P &lt; 0.05), and the outflow tract was significantly better in the nondiabetics (12.2 ± 0.5) than in the diabetics (8.6 ± 0.7, P &lt; 0.001). When flow was related to the quality of the outflow tract, there was no significant difference between nondiabetics and diabetics. Diabetics with occlusive vascular disease have greater involvement of the tibial and peroneal arteries than do nondiabetics. Vascular reactivity is not significantly impaired, and arterial reconstruction should not be withheld on the basis of anteriolar-capillary involvement.
Randomized Phase II Trials: Inevitable or Inadvisable?
Authors: Hui K. Gan, Axel Grothey, Gregory R. Pond, Malcolm J. Moore, Lillian L. Siu, Daniel Sargent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Article Tools STATISTICS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.3343 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print April 20, 2010 PMID: 20406933 Randomized Phase II Trials: Inevitable or Inadvisable? Hui K. GanxHui K. GanSearch for articles by this author , Axel GrotheyxAxel GrotheySearch for articles by this author , Gregory R. PondxGregory R. PondSearch for articles by this author , Malcolm J. MoorexMalcolm J. MooreSearch for articles by this author , Lillian L. SiuxLillian L. SiuSearch for articles by this author , Daniel SargentxDaniel SargentSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2009.26.3343 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2010 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A New Immunotherapy Approach: Mucosal Immunization With An Il-13 Vaccine Suppresses Murine Airway Allergic Responses
Authors: Y. Ma, A.G. Ma, S. Basu, Y. Zhou, A.J. Halayko, K.T. HayGlass, A.B. Becker, F.E.R. Simons
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Epidermal nuclear fluorescence
Authors: Keiji Iwatsuki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Epidermal nuclear fluorescence Get access Keiji Iwatsuki Keiji Iwatsuki Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 3600, Handacho, Hamamatsu, 431‐31 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue 3, 1 September 1983, Pages 370–371, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb03560.x Published: 01 September 1983
SARS-associated viral hepatitis caused by a novel coronavirus: Report of three cases
Authors: Tai-Nin Chau, Kam-Cheong Lee, Hung Yao, Tak-Yin Tsang, Tat-Chong Chow, Yiu-Cheong Yeung, Kin-Wing Choi, Yuk-Keung Tso, Terence Lau, Sik-To Lai, Ching-Lung Lai
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Liver impairment is commonly reported in up to 60% of patients who suffer from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Here we report the clinical course and liver pathology in three SARS patients with liver impairment. Three patients who fulfilled the World Health Organization case definition of probable SARS and developed marked elevation of alanine aminotransferase were included. Percutaneous liver biopsies were performed. Liver specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using enhanced real-time PCR was applied to look for evidence of SARS-associated coronavirus infection. Marked accumulation of cells in mitosis was observed in two patients and apoptosis was observed in all three patients. Other common pathologic features included ballooning of hepatocytes and mild to moderate lobular lymphocytic infiltration. No eosinophilic infiltration, granuloma, cholestasis, fibrosis, or fibrin deposition was noted. Immunohistochemical studies revealed 0.5% to 11.4% of nuclei were positive for proliferative antigen Ki-67. RT-PCR showed evidence of SARS-associated coronavirus in the liver tissues, but not in the sera of all 3 patients. However, electron microscopy could not identify viral particles. No giant mitochondria, micro- or macro-vesicular steatosis was observed. In conclusion, hepatic impairment in patients with SARS is due to SARS-associated coronavirus infection of the liver. The prominence of mitotic activity of hepatocytes is unique and may be due to a hyperproliferative state with or without disruption of cell cycle by the coronavirus. With better knowledge of pathogenesis, specific therapy may be targeted to reduce viral replication and modify the disease course.
The Safety of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in a Population With High-Risk Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Joseph Skalski, Thomas G. Allison, Todd D. Miller
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) with measurement of peak oxygen uptake (Vo(2)) is a powerful test for assessment and quantification of functional impairment resulting from cardiovascular disease. The safety of CPX has been established in patients with coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure, but clinical use of CPX in other cardiac diseases has been limited, in part because of a paucity of safety data. This study investigates the safety of CPX in a heterogeneous cohort of patients with a wide variety of underlying high-risk cardiac diagnoses.This single-center retrospective review examined 5060 CPX studies performed in 4250 unique patients, including 1748 (35%) female subjects and 686 (14%) subjects aged ≥75 years. The primary end point was major adverse event during stress testing. The study population included patients with a variety of high-risk cardiac diseases, including congestive heart failure (n=1289, 25.5%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=598, 11.8%), pulmonary hypertension (n=194, 3.8%), and aortic stenosis (n=212, 4.2%). This patient population generally had severe functional impairment, including 1192 (24%) patients with peak Vo(2)<14 mL/kg/min. Eight adverse events occurred during CPX, for an adverse event rate of 0.16%. The most common adverse event (n=6) was sustained ventricular tachycardia. There were no fatal events.CPX is generally a safe procedure, even in a population with underlying high-risk cardiovascular diagnoses.
High-affinity peptide against MT1-MMP for in vivo tumor imaging
Authors: Lei Zhu, Huiling Wang, Lin Wang, Ye Wang, Kun Jiang, Cheng Li, Qingjie Ma, Shi Gao, Liping Wang, Wei Li, Mingjun Cai, Hongda Wang, Gang Niu, Seulki Lee, Wei Yang, Xuexun Fang, Xiaoyuan Chen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase I-II Trial of Cisplatin, High-Dose Cytarabine, and Caffeine
Authors: J. B. Dougherty, D. Kelsen, N. Kemeny, G. Magill, J. Botet, D. Niedzwiecki
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

In a phase I-II study, 28 patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with cisplatin, high-dose cytarabine (ARA-C), and caffeine. This clinical trial was based on a nude mouse-human tumor xenograft model, which demonstrated synergism of these agents by inhibiting the growth of human pancreatic tumors. Toxic effects noted in the clinical study included myelosuppression, moderate nausea and vomiting, and mild renal insufficiency. No toxic effects were directly attributable to caffeine. Eighteen of the 28 patients had measurable or assessable disease; seven (39%) had partial responses (95% confidence intervals, 18%-63%). The median response duration was 6.2 months. Median survival for responders was 9.5 months with two patients surviving for more than 18 months. Median survival for all patients was 6.1 months. The combination of cisplatin, ARA-C, and caffeine is an active and tolerable regimen in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. A phase III trial in which this regimen is being compared with standard therapy is in progress.
Methodological Issues in Clinical Trials of Antidepressant Medications: Perspectives from Psychotherapy Outcome Research
Authors: Brandon A. Gaudiano, James D. Herbert
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2004)

Despite their widespread use, the specific efficacy of antidepressant medications has been a source of debate in recent years. Examination of the literature reveals that a significant proportion of the benefit produced in antidepressant trials is duplicated in pill placebo conditions. Furthermore, early trials utilizing active placebos, or medications that mimic the common side effects of antidepressants, showed even smaller differences as compared with active medications. We examine issues surrounding the use of placebo control conditions in antidepressant trials, including the pros and cons of active placebos. We conclude that similar challenges are faced by psychotherapy outcome researchers who have focused more on the separation of specific from nonspecific treatment factors and on the effects of researcher allegiance and patient expectancy on outcome. Within this context, recommendations for improving future antidepressant research are discussed.
213BI-[DOTA0,TYR3]OCTREOTIDE (Bi-DOTATOC) IN PEPTIDE RECEPTOR RADIONUCLIDE THERAPY (PRRT): RADIOLABELING, STABILITY, AND BIODISTRIBUTION.
Authors: J P Norenberg, B J Krenning, I R Konings, M de Jong, A Srinivasan, K Garmestani, M W Brechbiel, L K Kvols
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Scientific Abstracts And Posters From The 44Th Annual Meeting Of The Southwestern Chapter Of The Society Of Nuclear Medicine, And From The 12Th Northeastern Regional Scientific Meeting Of The New England And New York Chapters Of The Society Of Nuclear Medicine