tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors of inflammatory acne vulgaris in rural and urban Ghanaian schoolchildren
Authors: A.A. Hogewoning, I. Koelemij, A.S. Amoah, J.N. Bouwes Bavinck, Y. Aryeetey, F. Hartgers, M. Yazdanbakhsh, R. Willemze, D.A. Boakye, A.P.M. Lavrijsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Prevalence and risk factors of inflammatory acne vulgaris in rural and urban Ghanaian schoolchildren Get access A.A. Hogewoning, A.A. Hogewoning Department of Dermatology, Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, GhanaDepartment of Dermatology, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Koelemij, I. Koelemij Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.S. Amoah, A.S. Amoah Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.N. Bouwes Bavinck, J.N. Bouwes Bavinck Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Aryeetey, Y. Aryeetey Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Hartgers, F. Hartgers Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Yazdanbakhsh, M. Yazdanbakhsh Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Willemze, R. Willemze Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.A. Boakye, D.A. Boakye Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.P.M. Lavrijsen A.P.M. Lavrijsen Departments of Dermatology Correspondence: A.P.M. Lavrijsen. E‐mail: a.p.m.lavrijsen@lumc.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 2, 1 August 2009, Pages 475–477, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09259.x Published: 01 August 2009
Recombinant interferon-α in inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ching-Lung Lai, Johnson Y. N. Lau, Pui-Chee Wu, Henry Ngan, Hau-Tim Chung, Stuart J. Mitchell, Timothy J. Corbett, Anthony W. C. Chow, Hsiang-Ju Lin
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of interferon-α in hepatocellular carcinoma, 71 adult Chinese patients with histologically proven inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma were randomized to receive recombinant interferon-α2a (50 × 106 IU/m2) intramuscularly three times a week (n = 35) or no antitumor therapy (n = 36). The survival of interferon-α–treated patients was significantly better than that of patients who received no antitumor therapy (p = 0.0471); median lengths of survival were 14.5 and 7.5 wk, respectively. Objective tumor regression greater than 50% was observed in 31.4% (11 of 35) of patients receiving interferon-α. Interferon-α induced tumor regression greater than 50% in 11(31.4%) patients. Compared with the group receiving no antitumor therapy, the interferon-α therapy group had more tumor regression (p < 0.0001) and less tumor progression (p = 0.001). This high-dose interferon-α therapy was relatively well tolerated; only 34.3% of patients required reduction of dosage by one third or one half because of persistent fatigue. Two patients with diabetes mellitus (one also had tabes dorsalis) exhibited mental deterioration that might have been partially attributable to interferon-α therapy. We conclude that interferon-α is useful in a proportion of Chinese patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma, both in prolonging survival and in inducing tumor regression. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;17:389–394.)
Donors for organ grafting.
Authors: H Hillman, T M Aldridge
Journal: BMJ (1972)

54 patients with localized or primary malignant melanoma had circulating cytoplasmic antibody.A few patients formerly positive but who had converted to negative, and some who on clinical grounds had a primary lesion but who had negative tests for cytoplasmic antibody, were found to have developed metastatic lesions.It is postulated that the halo naevus represents a seldom seen interim stage natural protective mechanism-that is, a rejection phenomenon of malignant melanoma.It is the visualization, so to speak, of the sur- veillance system normally so effective in pre- venting malignant melanoma from developing in every individual.The study of such aspects in the behaviour of moles and melanomas raises the question not only why are halo naevi spontaneously rejected and heal, but why do malignant melanomas de- velop and persist in patients who in all other respects appear to have normal and intact immunological mechanisms.-Weare, etc.,
Oxacillin: Laboratory and Clinical Evaluation
Authors: William M. M. Kirby
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Oxacillin, one of the hundreds of new penicillins synthesized in the past few years, was compared with other penicillins in the laboratory and in patients. Five to 8 times as active as methicillin against penicillinase-producing staphylococci in vitro, oxacillin was well absorbed by the oral route, though less regularly than phenethicillin. Oxacillin showed good bactericidal activity against staphylococci and other gram-positive pathogens, but was more highly bound by serum proteins than was methicillin. Clinical results in 68 patients were good, and the authors conclude that, where oral therapy is feasible, oxacillin is a potent agent for treating infections caused by penicillin G-resistant staphylococci. Side effects were minimal.
Is it time to jump off the training bandwagon?
Authors: Rob Walker
Journal: BMJ (2007)

I recently spent three days and £600 of my study leave allowance, not including expenses, to attend an APLS (advanced paediatric life support) course. This followed an email instructing all consultants at the children's hospital where I work as a consultant anaesthetist that this was now mandatory training. After 13 years as a consultant, I thought it was time to bite the bullet and go for a refresher. I was also interested to see if the reliance placed on APLS courses as a mark of the competent practitioner was well placed. So, after completing the online, compulsory, multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ), I joined the course with 31 other fresh faced but apprehensive young colleagues all eager to pass the course and enter it on to their CVs and thus on to job applications. I was told by many that this course and other such courses were now mandatory for successful career progression. They told me that the course fee almost emptied their annual study leave budget (£600-800 (€880-1170; $1160-1550) a year) and therefore it …
Computed tomographic enterography adds value to colonoscopy in differentiating Crohn’s disease from intestinal tuberculosis: a potential diagnostic algorithm
Authors: Ren Mao, Wang-di Liao, Yao He, Chun-hui Ouyang, Zhen-hua Zhu, Chen Yu, Shun-hua Long, Yu-jun Chen, Zi-ping Li, Xiao-ping Wu, Nong-hua Lv, Pinjin Hu, Minhu Chen
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background: </b>Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) are chronic granulomatous disorders that are difficult to distinguish. Computed tomographic enterography (CTE) yields striking findings for Crohn's disease in the small bowel but its role in differentiating Crohn's from ITB is undefined. This prospective study aimed to investigate the value of CTE for differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and ITB. <b>Patients and methods:</b> 105 consecutive patients (67 Crohn's, 38 ITB) who underwent CTE and colonoscopy were enrolled. CTE findings and colonoscopic parameters were compared between Crohn's disease and ITB by blinded reviewers. Based on univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses, a diagnostic algorithm combining colonoscopy and CTE was formulated. and its performance validated on 60 new patients (40 Crohn's, 20 ITB). <b>Results:</b> On univariate analysis of CTE findings, proximal small-bowel involvement, asymmetrical mural thickening, segmental small-bowel lesions, mural stratification, the comb sign, and mesentery fibrofatty proliferation were significantly more common in Crohn's disease, whereas mesenteric lymph node change (calcification or central necrosis) and focal ileocecal lesions were more common in ITB. On multivariate analysis, segmental small-bowel involvement (odds ratio [OR] 0.104, 95 % confidence interval [95 %CI] 0.022 – 0.50), and comb sign (OR 0.02, 95 %CI 0.003 – 0.26) were independent predictors of Crohn's. Combining CTE and colonoscopic findings increased the accuracy of diagnosing either Crohn's disease or ITB from 66.7 % (70/105) to 95.2 % (100/105) in the development set (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) in the validation dataset were 92.5 %, 80 %, and 0.862 (95 %CI 0.75 – 0.98), respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> CTE adds unique information to colonoscopy in differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and ITB, allowing correct diagnosis in most patients.
Comparison of Repaglinide and Nateglinide in Combination With Metformin
Authors: Philip Raskin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We have seen Baron’s letter in this issue of Diabetes Care (1) regarding our recent clinical research trial (2) and wish to point out the following facts for readers.

Regarding the matter of whether sufficient time was allowed to develop a response to metformin therapy, the duration of metformin treatment in this trial reached 20 weeks, which is more than enough time for metformin effects to stabilize. As shown in Fig. 1 B of the article, fasting plasma glucose values showed little or no change for either therapy group in the times from 4 to 16 weeks of therapy. The final fasting plasma glucose values achieved during repaglinide/metformin or nateglinide/metformin therapy were clearly different, and …
Prevalence and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in potential living liver donors in Korea: A review of 589 consecutive liver biopsies in a single center
Authors: Ji Young Lee, Kang Mo Kim, Sung Gyu Lee, Eunsil Yu, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Yung Sang Lee, Dong-Jin Suh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Migration of Vena Cava Filter
Authors: George W. Beddingfield
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Nonsurgical interruption of the inferior vena cava with the use of the Mobin-Uddin vena cava filter has become quite popular in recent years.<sup>1,2</sup>This letter reports a fatal migration of an apparently properly placed device, different from another example recently recorded (219:1217, 1972). <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> The patient was a 38-year-old man who was in excellent health with the exception of chronic back pain due to a herniated nucleus pulposus. A laminectomy was performed without difficulty. The patient felt well until the third day postoperatively when he experienced the sudden onset of severe bilateral chest pain. A lung scan performed with iodinated I 131 serum albumin, aggregated, showed bilateral perfusion defects, and the electrocardiogram revealed acute right ventricular strain. Therapy with heparin was begun, but 6 and 12 hours later the patient suffered recurrences of the above symptoms. For this reason cava interruption was carried
Re: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Mammography in Women With a Hereditary Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: J. Goffin, P. O. Chappuis, N. Wong, W. D. Foulkes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001)

Background: Although breast cancer screening is recommended to start at a younger age for women with a hereditary risk of breast cancer, the sensitivity of mammography for these women is reduced. We compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with mammography to determine which is more sensitive and whether MRI could play a role in the early detection of breast cancer for these women. Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort of all breast MRI and mammography surveillance reports made in our department from November 1994 to February 2001. All of the 179 women in the cohort had received biannual palpation in addition to annual imaging by MRI, mammography, or both. The 258 MRI images and the 262 mammograms were classified with the use of the BI-RADS™ (i.e., Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) scoring system, which has five categories to indicate the level of suspicion of a lesion. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated for MRI and mammography, and the area under each curve (AUC) was assessed for the entire cohort of 179 women and for a subset of 75 women who had received both an MRI and a mammographic examination within a 4-month period. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: In the cohort of 179 women, we detected 13 breast cancers. Seven cancers were not revealed by mammography, but all were detected by MRI. For the entire cohort, the AUC for mammography was 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68 to 0.79), and the AUC for MRI was 0.99 (95% CI = 0.98 to 1.0). For the subset of women who had both examinations, the AUC for mammography was 0.70 (95% CI = 0.60 to 0.80), and the AUC for MRI was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.95 to 1.0). Conclusion: MRI was more accurate than mammography in annual breast cancer surveillance of women with a hereditary risk of breast cancer. Larger prospective studies to examine the role of MRI in screening programs are justified. [J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1095–102]
Pulmonary vascular disease in total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
Authors: E A Newfeld, A Wilson, M H Paul, J S Reisch
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) was assessed by a qualitative and quantitative histopathologic analysis of lung specimens of 40 patients (age at autopsy 5 days to 12 years, median 3 months) with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. A PVD index was derived by counting the number of vessels with each Heath-Edwards grade of PVD (PVD index = [0 (Normal) +1 (N grade 1) +2 (N grade 2)....+6 (N grade 6)]/number of vessels graded, where N = the number of patients) in randomly selected pulmonary resistance vessels 30-300 mu in diameter. Patients with pulmonary venous obstruction died earlier and had a higher PVD index as a group than patients with unobstructed venous drainage. A remarkable degree of advanced pulmonary vascular changes was found in the entire group, even young infants. Pulmonary vascular obstructive disease is an important factor in the pathophysiology of this lesion. Careful attention to the prevention and management of increased pulmonary vascular resistance in the postoperative period may improve survival.
Association Between Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Diabetes Risk in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriasis
Authors: Daniel H. Solomon
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis have been linked with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus (DM). Prior investigations suggest that systemic immunosuppressive drugs may improve insulin resistance and reduce the risk of DM.To compare the risk of newly recorded DM among participants diagnosed with RA or psoriasis based on use of a variety of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).A retrospective cohort study among 121,280 patients with a diagnosis of either RA or psoriasis on at least 2 visits. The analyses were conducted in the context of 2 large health insurance programs, 1 in Canada and 1 in the United States, using administrative data. The mean follow-up was 5.8 months and began with the first prescription for a DMARD after study eligibility was met. Drug regimens were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups: (1) tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors with or without other DMARDs; (2) methotrexate without TNF inhibitors or hydroxychloroquine; (3) hydroxychloroquine without TNF inhibitors or methotrexate; or (4) other nonbiologic DMARDs without TNF inhibitors, methotrexate, or hydroxychloroquine (reference exposure).Newly recorded DM as evidenced by a new diagnosis of DM with use of a DM-specific medication.The study cohort consisted of 13,905 participants with 22,493 treatment episodes starting 1 of the categories of DMARD regimens between January 1996 and June 2008. New diabetes cases and respective incidence rates per 1000 person-years were: other nonbiologic DMARDs (55 cases among 3993 treatment episodes; rate, 50.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 47.3-53.2); TNF inhibitors (80 cases among 4623 treatment episodes; rate, 19.7; 95% CI, 19.1-20.3); methotrexate (82 cases among 8195 treatment episodes; rate, 23.8; 95% CI, 23.0-24.6); and hydroxychloroquine (50 cases among 5682 treatment episodes; rate, 22.2; 95% CI, 21.3-23.1). The multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for DM were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.42-0.91) for TNF inhibitors, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.53-1.13) for methotrexate, and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.36-0.80) for hydroxychloroquine compared with other nonbiologic DMARDS.Among patients with RA or psoriasis, the adjusted risk of DM was lower for individuals starting a TNF inhibitor or hydroxychloroquine compared with initiation of other nonbiologic DMARDs.
Angiotensin II type 2 receptor deficiency aggravates renal injury and reduces survival in chronic kidney disease in mice
Authors: Ralf A. Benndorf, Christian Krebs, Birgit Hirsch-Hoffmann, Edzard Schwedhelm, Gabriele Cieslar, Robin Schmidt-Haupt, Oliver M. Steinmetz, Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger, Friedrich Thaiss, Munif Haddad, Susanne Fehr, Andreas Heilmann, Udo Helmchen, Lutz Hein, Heimo Ehmke, Rolf A. Stahl, Rainer H. Böger, Ulrich O. Wenzel
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
The Murine Equivalent of the Heterozygous C104R TACI Mutation Impairs B Cell Function via Haploinsufficiency
Authors: J.J. Lee, H.H. Jabara, L. Garibyan, I. Rauter, T.Y. Sannikova, S.R. Dillon, R.J. Bram, R.S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Abstract 2767: Genetic variation in obesity-related genes ADBR2, ADBR3, GHRL, HSD11B1, and SHC1 and risk of prostate cancer: A VA case-control study
Authors: Elizabeth M. Masko, Daniel M. Moreira, Lionel L. Banez, Cathrine Hoyo, Delores J. Grant, Elizabeth E. Calloway, Kathleen H. Shuler, Kathryn A. Newman, Alexis R. Gaines, Loretta A. Taylor, Cary N. Robertson, Stephen J. Freedland
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are single nucleotide variations that occur within alleles among individuals. It is believed that SNPs may predispose a person to diseases such as obesity or cancer. One study showed that SNPs within genes linked with obesity were also associated with breast cancer risk. As prostate cancer (PC) mortality is linked with obesity, we determined if SNPs within 5 obesity-related genes were also linked to PC risk in a similar manner to the breast cancer study. METHODS: A total of 53 SNPs were tagged in the genes ADBR2, ADBR3, GHRL, HSD11B1, and SHC1 using the program HAPMAP. DNA collected from 216 subjects (108 incident cases, 108 “healthy” controls) from the Durham VA Hospital were then genotyped for these SNPs. Cases and controls were frequency matched on age and BMI. Logistic regression models were used to determine the risk of obesity (BMI &amp;gt;30 kg/m2) and PC (and high-grade defined as Gleason &amp;gt;7 vs. low-grade/control) for each SNP, adjusting for age and race. RESULTS: In our study population, 83 men were Caucasian and 133 African American. There was no significant differences in age (p=0.18), race (p=0.96), and BMI (p=0.12) for cases and controls. Among the 53 SNPs genotyped, 5 SNPs in ADRB2, ADRB3, and SHC1 were associated with an increased risk of PC (OR 1.88-2.21; p=0.01-0.04), particularly high-grade disease (OR 2.50-3.26; p=0.0004-0.05). Another 4 SNPs in ADRB2 and HSD11B1 were associated with a decreased risk of PC (p=0.01-0.05). A total of 7 SNPs were associated with an increased risk of obesity (p=0.004-0.02). CONCLUSION: In this small pilot study, we found 14 of the 53 analyzed single SNPs in genes previously linked with obesity that were associated with PC risk, both positively and negatively at an alpha of &amp;lt;0.05. This is more than the 3 SNPs that would be predicted based upon random chance. Future studies will validate these results in an independent cohort, with the hope of further confirming SNPs that may be used for personalized medicine as well as providing a genetic link between obesity and PC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2767. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2767
Effect of secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin extracts on gastric motility in man.
Authors: L P Johnson, J C Brown, D F Magee
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS Extracts of duodenal mucosa containing cholecystokinin and pancreozymin inhibited gastric motility completely in eight subjects whereas secretin extracts produced variable results.It is suggested that cholecystokinin-pancreozymin extracts may contain enterogastrone.The inhibition of gastric motility induced by placing fat in the duodenum was demonstrated to be humoral by Farrell and Ivy (1926).Subsequent
Recurrence of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis after Liver Transplantation
Authors: James Neuberger, Bernard Portmann, Brian R. D. Macdougall, Roy Y. Calne, Roger Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Three patients who had undergone orthrotopic liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis and were being maintained on immunosuppressive therapy were investigated 31/2 to 41/2 years later because of the redevelopment of pruritus and mild jaundice. In one patient pigmentation was again evident, and all three had a rise in the titer of serum mitochondrial antibody after an initial fall. Liver histology showed features of primary biliary cirrhosis with non-suppurative destructive cholangitis, lymphoid aggregates, and increased deposition of copper-binding protein in the absence of cholestasis. None of these features was found in patients who had received grafts for other conditions and had lived for comparable periods, nor were they found in patients who had had rejection with bile-duct abnormalities. The overall findings indicate a recurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis in the donor organ.
Landmark perspective. Crohn's disease
Authors: J. B. Kirsner
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Knowledge of the nature of disease, from earliest times, evolved from the careful observation of sickness among individuals. Sir Henry Cohen<sup>1</sup>points out that concepts of illnesses as disease entities first became apparent during the ninth century AD. Increased understanding of human illness has paralleled new developments in science and in medicine<sup>2</sup>and continues today as the observation and the evaluation of the patient's condition become more perceptive and more precise. These circumstances alone, however revealing, sui generis do not always create noteworthy progress. Advances also require men and women of inquiring, critical minds, motivated by Rudyard Kipling's "six honest serving men: who, what, why, how, when and where." Burrill Crohn, Leon Ginzburg, and Gordon Oppenheimer<sup>3</sup>probably were not the first to observe or describe Crohn's disease. Indeed, medical historians<sup>4</sup>suggest that the initial description may date back to Morgagni (1682-1771), possibly to Carson's "The Iliac
Tirofiban, eptifibatide, and abciximab in minimizing myocardial damage during high-risk coronary intervention: final results of the TEAM pilot trial
Authors: Samin K. Sharma, Annapooma S. Kini, Nohelia Perez, Javed Suleman, Edward A. Fisher, Jonathan D. Marmur, Merwin Richard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)