tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilic Fasciitis: A Scleroderma-like Illness
Authors: Robert G. Gray
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Shulman<sup>1</sup>recently described two patients with scleroderma-like illnesses characterized by subcutaneous induration of the extremities, eosinophilia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and absence of visceral disease. Biopsy specimens showed fascial thickening and mononuclear cell infiltration between tela subcutanea and muscle; the skin was normal. The appearance of 15 additional cases,<sup>2-5</sup>occasionally with prominent eosinophilic connective tissue infiltration, has justified consideration of a new entity: eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman syndrome). A patient with the typical clinical and histopathologic features of eosinophilic fasciitis is reported. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> AA 36-year-old male physician sought medical attention in April 1976, for possible scleroderma. Previously healthy and enjoying daily vigorous exercises and jogging, he first noted the onset of hand paresthesiae in January 1976. Digital stiffness and progressive subcutaneous induration of the hands and distal forearms ensued shortly thereafter. Over the next month, induration involving the upper arms and anterior neck was noted. Preceding
Chronic Leg Ulcer in Purpura Haemorrhagica
Authors: L. J. Witts
Journal: BMJ (1942)

MEDICALIJOUAL 309 rash appeared; this was not itchy.It was confluent on thc back, chest, and outer upper arms.Below the waist it was scantier, with a cluster of lesions over each trochanter.There was little if any involvement of the bronzed parts-face and forearms-or of the less.It faded in 3 days.On the seventh, eighth, and ninth days he had a fever up to 1030, with head- aches, backathe, anorexia, and conjunctivitis.This was con- sidered to be phlebotomus fever, an epidemic of which was raging at the time.Case 7 received sulphapyridine for non-specific urethritis, 4 g.daily for 8 days, most of which time he was in bed, but sometimes up in a shirt with elbow-length sleeves and long trousers.He denied being in the sun without a shirt in the past 2 months.He had never sunburned easily.On the eighth day an itchy maculo-papular rash appeared, lasting 3 days.It was generalized-being maximal on the back above the waist and the forearms, and minimal in the axillae.The tempera- ture rose to 99.40.Case 8 received sulphapyridine for gonorrhoea, 26 g. in 7 days.Sun exposure and previous sun sensitivity were denied.On the eighth day the patient developed a roseoliform eruption, very itchy, and confluent on the outer upper arms and the trunk above the waist.It als,o involved the trunk below the waist, the arms and legs, most of the lateral pelvis, and thighs, ankles, and dorsum of the feet.Accompanying this was a suspected attack of phlebotomus fever.Case 9 received sulphanilaimide for non-specific urethritis, 3 g.daily for 10 days.There had been little exposure to the sun.Previously he had always sunburned easily.On the
New regional systolic and diastolic myocardial performance indices from tissue doppler echocardiopathy
Authors: Jing-Ping Sun, Li Zhang, Craig R. Asher, Zoran B. Popovic, Neil L. Greenberg, Zhaohui Gao, Mario J. Garcia, Allan L. Klein, James D. Thomas, William J. Stewart
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The Certification and Recertification of Doctors: Issues in the Assessment of Clinical Competence
Authors: D Newble, B Jolly, R Wakeford
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed David Newble, Brian Jolly, Richard Wakeford Cambridge University Press, £37.50, pp 249 ISBN 0-521-43187-5

It is a truth (almost) universally acknowledged that assessment of both postgraduate and undergraduate medical students should be valid, reliable, and fair, but unfortunately it is rarely any of these and never all. Why? Valid means that it tests what we want it to test and tests what it says it will. Thus assessments must relate to real problems, because we need to be certain that our assessments relate to real medicine in order to have any chance of inferring that students' competence in the assessments is relevant to their performance “in real life.”

Reliable means we can be sure of getting the same result next time. Assessments need to be reliable so that when we pass …
Inspiratory muscle dysfunction in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: M-Y. Chien, Y-T. Wu, P-L. Lee, Y-J. Chang, P-C. Yang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Repetitive inspiratory effort against an obstructed airway and intermittent hypoxia may be deleterious to the inspiratory muscles in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We investigated muscular dysfunction by comparing the strength, endurance and fatigability of inspiratory muscles and knee extensors in patients with newly diagnosed severe OSA compared with matched controls. The measurements included strength and endurance tests of both muscles, and a fatigue trial with simultaneous surface electromyography of the diaphragm and the vastus lateralis during voluntary contractions and in response to magnetic stimulation. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation to assess peripheral muscle performance in severe OSA patients versus controls. Patients in the OSA group exhibited significantly lower strength and endurance in both muscles than the control group. The fatigue index decreased significantly exclusively in the inspiratory muscles of OSA patients. Magnetic stimulation-evoked compound muscle action potential latencies increased and the amplitudes decreased significantly in the diaphragm, but not in the vastus lateralis after a fatigue test in the OSA group. In conclusion, a significantly lower functional performance was shown for both inspiratory muscles and knee extensors in the OSA group. However, higher fatigability was only seen in the inspiratory muscles of patients with severe OSA.
Lip cancer: incidence, trends, histology and survival: 1970-2006
Authors: R. Czerninski, A. Zini, H.D. Sgan-Cohen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background High levels of lip cancer have been reported among Israelis over the last four decades. Epidemiological descriptions and analyses for this region have not previously been presented. Objectives To establish the incidence, trends and histology of lip cancer and associated demographic variables in Israel over time. Methods Data for 1970–2006 were derived from the Israel National Cancer Registry. Incidence and trends over time and analyses by lip site, sex, age, origin, histology and 5‐year survival were studied. Results Of 4337 new cases, most were found among men (61·4%), people aged over 53 years (75·5%), and those with lighter skin (62·6%). Lip cancer cases were 40 times more prevalent in the external than in the inner lip. The dominant tumour type was squamous cell carcinoma at the external lower lip and intraoral lip mucosa (predominantly in men) and basal cell carcinoma (originating from skin) at the external upper lip (predominantly in women). Minor salivary gland tumours, melanoma and metastases were also reported. Slight increases in the trend of upper lip cancer and decreases for lower lip cancer were reported. Conclusions Men, fair‐skinned individuals and those over 53 years of age were at higher risk for lip cancer. A higher incidence of external lip cancer, compared with internal, may indicate a major role for sun exposure rather than smoking. The effect of public awareness campaigns as well as occupational changes, both related to sun exposure, should be studied carefully as potential factors in the changing incidence of lip tumours.
Formation psychologique des medecins du travail
Authors: L. Chertok, O. Bourguignon, Ct. Veil
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

The authors report the experience of a Balint group comprising doctors engaged in industrial practice, having no responsibility for treatment. The relationship which they establish are therefore specific. The experiment covered a year, with two sessions of an hour and a half per month. The participants placed much emphasis on the multiplicity of their role, which involved very varied relationships-with workers, management, their collegues outside-and it was important to understand this. Although industrial medicine is necessarily collective, this does not obviate the psychological approach. On the contrary, the doctor must here learn to establish therapeutically valid relationships.
Colonic biopsy instrument
Authors: S. N. Salem, J. Shipton
Journal: Gut (1966)

Diseases of the rectum and colon can be diagnosed by biopsy examination with a high degree of accuracy.Mucosal biopsy specimens are usually obtained through a sigmoidoscope under direct visual control.Many biopsy instruments have been used, for example, different types of punch forceps, the Dicks biopsy device, and the Truelove-Salt colonic biopsy tool (Truelove, Horler, and Richards, 1955).Biopsy sampling by punch forceps is a painful procedure and carries the risks of haemorrhage and perforation of the bowel wall, while the other instru- ments require two persons to use them and are com- plicated in construction and operation.We describe here a colonic biopsy instrument which is simple, operated by one man, quick, and highly successful.
SCARLATINA, MORBILLI AND RUBELLA
Authors: Herman B. Sheffield
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I note in Queries and Minor Notes that several physicians are in a quandary how to distinguish German measles from scarlet fever, while both affections prevail. May I call attention to the following observation made by me and recorded many years ago; namely, whereas in morbilli and scarlet fever the skin of the patient is usually very dry and hot, in German measles the skin is quite moist and often bathed in perspiration. This is due to the fact that in this disease the sweat glands participate in the general engorgement of the superficial glands of the body.
Surgery of the Heart and Great Vessels
Authors: Richard H. Sweet, J. Gordon Scannell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

ALTHOUGH much had been accomplished before, particularly with regard to the management of conditions resulting from constrictive pericarditis and trauma, the past decade has witnessed a new wave of interest in the problems presented by attempts to alleviate the abnormalities of the heart itself, both congenital and acquired. Furthermore, the first successful surgical methods for the relief of the more important congenital anomalies of the great vessels have been developed during this period. The surgical literature of the present day is filled with clinical reports, descriptions of new technical methods and presentations of the results of research calculated to solve . . .
Safety and immunogenicity of an oral, replicating adenovirus serotype 4 vector vaccine for H5N1 influenza: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study
Authors: Marc Gurwith, Michael Lock, Eve M Taylor, Glenn Ishioka, Jeff Alexander, Tim Mayall, John E Ervin, Richard N Greenberg, Cynthia Strout, John J Treanor, Richard Webby, Peter F Wright
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2013)
Peer Review-Reply
Authors: James T. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Moeser and Shenoy join the ranks of those who would continue to place the burden of quotational and reference accuracy primarily on authors. They suggest additional warnings in journals' instructions to authors. Both letters acknowledge the need to ensure quotational and citational accuracy. Dr Moeser details a recent personal experience. I urge Dr Moeser to communicate his findings to the editor of the journal that published the article with errors. Dr Moeser cites an article by Clarfield<sup>1</sup>after a sentence containing the term "back-referencing." My reading of the article by Clarfield reveals that it clearly refers to a quotational error—he retrieved the original reference. I must assume that Dr Moeser's term (back-referencing) includes both reference and quotational errors. Interestingly, the stimulus for Clarfield's anecdote was a fairly strong warning from the journal's editor.<sup>2</sup> Dr Shenoy reminds us of his article about Sir James Paget, whose
Cell-Cell Interactions in Diabetic Angiopathy
Authors: Andrea B Dodge, Patricia A D'Amore
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Normally, both ECs and mural cells, pericytes in the microvasculature and SMCs in large vessels of the mature vasculature, are under stringent growth control and remain quiescent. Regulation of vascular growth is a complex process that is likely to take place at multiple levels. Evidence indicates that intercellular communication, which may take several forms, including diffusible factors, gap junctions, and CAMs underlies the maintenance of normal vessels. A disruption or imbalance in any of these factors may be responsible for the vascular remodeling associated with macro/microangiopathy.
Structural and kinetic analyses of herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcripts in human trigeminal ganglia and in cell culture.
Authors: P R Krause, K D Croen, J M Ostrove, S E Straus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Only one herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene is expressed in sensory neurons of latently infected animals and humans, yielding two RNAs, called latency-associated transcripts (LATs). The LATs appear to modulate virus reactivation. In mice and rabbits the 5' origins, kinetics of synthesis, and splicing pattern of the LATs are well established. Because these details of LAT structure and expression have not been defined in humans, we sought to do so. Using primer extension and Northern hybridization analyses, we demonstrate that in human trigeminal ganglia, the smaller (1.35 kb) HSV-1 transcript differs from the larger (1.85 kb) LAT by excision of an intron near its 5' end; they are otherwise colinear, and 5' coterminal. In infected cells only the 1.85 kb LAT is detected. Its expression is inhibited by cycloheximide or acyclovir, indicating this LAT is synthesized late in the viral replicative cycle. All of these features of the LATs in humans are consistent with those reported in rabbits and mice and further validate the animal models of human HSV-1 infection.
Fibrinolysis and Menstrual Bleeding
Authors: F. M. Owers
Journal: BMJ (1970)

tered by artificially ventilating the patient on this circuit.For this reason I chose for my example the much more widely used situation in which the vaporizer is outside the circuit.A fresh gas flow rate of 2 1. /min.was selected for comparison with higher flows, as this is the lowest flow which can be used without having to make a large adjustment to the halothane concentration for dilution by gases already in the circuit.In addition, the commonly used Fluotec Mark 2 becomes inaccurate below flows of 2 1./min., but this particular problem has now been overcome by the-development of the Fluotec Mark 3 which is stated to be accurate down to flows of 250ml./min.Leak-proof apparatus is important for all anaesthetic circuits, and its importance increases as the fresh gas flow entering the circuit decreases.I therefore am quite unrepentant in asking for leak-proof cir- cuits.One point in Dr. J. R. J. Beddard's letter (18 April, p. 176) needs correcting.It has been shown that 5-6 (not 10-15) 1. per minute is adequate to eliminate carbon dioxide from the alveoli on the Magill circuit in both the spontaneously breathing' and the ventilated patient.2Finally, I hope that this article has done something to encourage the more economic practice of anaesthesia, but fear that too much apathy exists in the profession for there to be any great impact.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adult Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphocytic leukemia: comparable survival rates but different risk factors between related and unrelated transplantation in first complete remission
Authors: Satoshi Nishiwaki, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Hisashi Sakamaki, Mineo Kurokawa, Hiroatsu Iida, Hiroyasu Ogawa, Takahiro Fukuda, Yukiyasu Ozawa, Naoki Kobayashi, Masanobu Kasai, Takehiko Mori, Koji Iwato, Takashi Yoshida, Makoto Onizuka, Keisei Kawa, Yasuo Morishima, Ritsuro Suzuki, Yoshiko Atsuta, Koichi Miyamura
Journal: Blood (2010)
Is intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting and hypoxemia a contraindication for liver transplantation? Mews Cf, Dorney SF, Sheil AG, Forbes DA, Hill RE. Case report: failure of liver transplantation in Wilson's disease with pulmonary arteriovenous shunting. J. Pediatr Gastroent Nutr 1990; 10: 230–233
Authors: L Eriksson
Journal: Hepatology (1991)
Thrombotic Calcific Mitral Stenosis—Eruptions, Craters, Whiskers and Emboli.
Authors: Charles F. Wooley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Thrombotic Calcific Mitral Stenosis—Eruptions, Craters, Whiskers and Emboli.Charles F. Wooley, M.D., F.A.C.P., Nobuhisa Baba, M.D., Joseph M. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P., James W. Kilman, M.D.Charles F. Wooley, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Nobuhisa Baba, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph M. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, James W. Kilman, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-822_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe paradox of arterial embolization in patients with mitral stenosis and a "clean" left atrium at surgery and the management of patients with these disorders are currently unresolved. A prospective study of the calcified mitral valve supports the concept that eruptive material from the stenotic valve causes arterial embolization in certain patients with calcific mitral stenosis. Eighteen valves removed at surgery were analyzed, with study of the pathology, X rays to define the extent and location of calcification, and scanning electron microscopy to study valve surface changes. Moderate and severe calcification differed from 11 control subjects and 13 noncalcific mitral... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Charles F. Wooley, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Nobuhisa Baba, M.D.; Joseph M. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P.; James W. Kilman, M.D.Affiliations: Columbus, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 822-822KeywordsLeft atriumMitral stenosisProspective studiesScanning electron microscopyStenosisSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cerebrovascular dysfunction and microcirculation rarefaction precede white matter lesions in a mouse genetic model of cerebral ischemic small vessel disease
Authors: Anne Joutel, Marie Monet-Leprêtre, Claudia Gosele, Céline Baron-Menguy, Annette Hammes, Sabine Schmidt, Barbara Lemaire-Carrette, Valérie Domenga, Andreas Schedl, Pierre Lacombe, Norbert Hubner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Cerebral ischemic small vessel disease (SVD) is the leading cause of vascular dementia and a major contributor to stroke in humans. Dominant mutations in NOTCH3 cause cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a genetic archetype of cerebral ischemic SVD. Progress toward understanding the pathogenesis of this disease and developing effective therapies has been hampered by the lack of a good animal model. Here, we report the development of a mouse model for CADASIL via the introduction of a CADASIL-causing Notch3 point mutation into a large P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC). In vivo expression of the mutated PAC transgene in the mouse reproduced the endogenous Notch3 expression pattern and main pathological features of CADASIL, including Notch3 extracellular domain aggregates and granular osmiophilic material (GOM) deposits in brain vessels, progressive white matter damage, and reduced cerebral blood flow. Mutant mice displayed attenuated myogenic responses and reduced caliber of brain arteries as well as impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation and functional hyperemia. Further, we identified a substantial reduction of white matter capillary density. These neuropathological changes occurred in the absence of either histologically detectable alterations in cerebral artery structure or blood-brain barrier breakdown. These studies provide in vivo evidence for cerebrovascular dysfunction and microcirculatory failure as key contributors to hypoperfusion and white matter damage in this genetic model of ischemic SVD.
British standard insulin syringe.
Authors: M M Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1978)

had a stillbirth rate of 10 1 per 1000.A decline in the hospital stillbirth rate for this minimalrisk group from 117 to 101 per 1000 is rela- tively less than that achieved outside, from 4 2 to 34-hardly an impressive vindication of the current policy of moving towards hospitalisation for all.Thus the more recent evidence on stillbirths fails to support the conclusion drawn by Mrs Fedrick and Professor Butler from 1958 data.The need for further research is as great as ever.
Meconium Granulomas or Vernix-lnduced Peritonitis
Authors: Sheldon I. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Schwartz et al<sup>1</sup>describe a condition they referred to as maternal vernix caseosa peritonitis and state that only one previous case<sup>2</sup>has been reported in the literature. They were unaware that two additional cases have been reported by us using the title intraperitoneal meconium granulomas.<sup>3,4</sup> We theorized that intraperitoneal meconium granulomas result from amniotic fluid swallowed during intrauterine life. The ingested fluid is absorbed in the intestine, leaving nondigestible elements such as lanugo and cornified epithelium. This detritus, along with secretions from the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas, constitutes meconium. With fetal distress and anoxia during a breech delivery, the anal sphincter may relax because of oxygen deprivation, and the intestine will be emptied. In cesarean section, meconium may spill into the abdominal cavity as a result of fetal distress or a breech delivery. A granulomatous foreignbody reaction may develop with adhesions and abdominal pain
[620] CHARACTERIZATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC/PHARMACODYNAMIC PARAMETERS FOR THE NOVEL HCV POLYMERASE INHIBITOR A-848837
Authors: A. Molla, R. Wagner, L. Lu, D. He, C.-M. Chen, G. Koev, S. Masse, Y. Cai, C. Klein, D. Beno, L. Hernandez, P. Krishnan, R. Pithawalla, T. Pilot-Matias, T. Middleton, R. Lanford, W. Kati, D. Kempf
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Determinants of growth in patients with ventricular septal defect.
Authors: R J Levy, A Rosenthal, O S Miettinen, A S Nadas
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Growth status was studied in 1210 patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD) participating in the Joint Study on the Natural History of Congenital Heart Defects. A total of 793 patients were managed medically and 194 underwent successful surgical repair. Admission measurements revealed height and weight status to be subnormal and related to physiological severity and age. Successful repair resulted in significant increase in weight but not height. Medical therapy was associated with little change in the subnormal growth pattern. Multivariate analysis revealed determinants of admission height for all patients with VSD to be presence of extracardiac anomalies, birthweight below 2.5 kg, admission age greater than 2 years, history of heart failure and pulmonary/systemic pressure ratio. The same determinants were noted for admission weight with addition of pulmonary/systemic flow ratio. It is conluded that the severe growth disturbance in patients with VSD is only in part due to abnormal postnatal hemodynamics. Intrauterine and genetic factors and low birthweight also play a role and help explain the incomplete growth response after successful surgery.