tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fatal Cases of Poisoning with Sodium Nitroprusside
Authors: P. Lazarus-Barlow, G. M. Norman
Journal: BMJ (1941)

Fatal Cases of Poisoning with Sodium NitroprussideThe followincases are worthy of record in view of the chemical compound which was the cause of death. CASE IThe patient, a second-year probationer nurse aged 23, had had vague abdominal pain suggestive of chronic appendicitis in July, 1940.This settled down, but recurred in February, 1941, and she was to have been examined by a surgeon on February 13.During the night of February 9 she had an attack of vomiting, but on the following day was apparently perfectly well.On the 12th she attended a lecture from 1 1 a.m. to noon, and at 1.15 p.m. she was heard to call out and was found leaning against the wall in one of the lavatories in the nurses' home.She was put to bed: her colour was poor, the temperature was 95°F., the pulse rate 132, and the respirations 26.She was able to answer questions,
Differential regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in hepatic stellate cells by members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family
Authors: I. Petrai, W. Delogu, S. Pastacaldi, A. Bonacchi, E. Efsen, M. Pinzani, P. Gentilini, F. Marra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Doppler and echocardiographic characteristics of patients having an Austin Flint murmur.
Authors: P S Rahko
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the genesis of the Austin Flint murmur using Doppler and echocardiographic imaging. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 51 patients having significant aortic insufficiency and an anatomically normal mitral valve were evaluated. They were divided into two groups; 30 patients had an audible Austin Flint murmur (AFM+) and 21 did not (AFM-). All patients had a complete M-mode, two-dimensional, and Doppler echocardiographic examination to characterize left ventricular size and function, motion of the mitral valve, transmitral flow velocities, direction of the aortic insufficiency jet, and severity of aortic insufficiency. There was no significant difference in severity of aortic insufficiency between groups. There was, however, a significant difference in direction of the insufficiency jet. In the AFM+ group compared with the AFM- group, for the parasternal long-axis view 24 (80%) versus eight (38%) had their insufficiency jet directed at the mitral valve, for the apical five-chamber view the values were 25 (83%) versus five (24%), and for the apical long-axis view the values were 27 (90%) versus five (24%); for all comparisons p less than 0.01. There was also a greater frequency of localized anterior mitral leaflet distortion by two-dimensional echocardiography (AFM+:23 [77%] versus AFM-:five [24%]; p less than 0.001) and a greater frequency of Doppler striations overlying the aortic insufficiency jet (AFM+:25 [83%] versus AFM-:seven [33%]; p less than 0.001). Regarding transmitral flow velocities, there was no significant difference in filling patterns or absolute velocities during early or late diastole between groups. There was no gradient by Doppler analysis or by hemodynamics (n = 26) across the mitral valve in either group. There also was no difference in the frequency of preclosure of the mitral valve (AFM+:two versus AFM-:three). Systolic function was similar in both groups, but the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was significantly greater in the AFM+ group (6.8 +/- 0.8 cm) than in the AFM- group (6.2 +/- 0.7 cm, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the primary factor responsible for the Austin Flint murmur is the presence of an aortic insufficiency jet directed at the anterior mitral leaflet. This, combined with the biphasic pattern of transmitral flow, distorts the shape of the anterior mitral leaflet as it opens and closes during diastole, making it shudder. The leaflet's shuddering sets up vibrations and shock waves that distort the aortic insufficiency jet, causing the observed Doppler striations and probably the sound of the murmur. There is no evidence from this study to support prior theories that have proposed functional mitral stenosis or diastolic mitral regurgitation as the source of the murmur.
Correction: Letter about the Periodic Physical Examination
Authors: Paul E. Ogden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1989Correction: Letter about the Periodic Physical ExaminationPaul E. Ogden, MDPaul E. Ogden, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-949_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:I have discovered an error in my letter published in the 1 May 1989 issue (1). The first sentence of the second paragraph contains an incorrect number. The sentence should be corrected to read: "It has been estimated that 350 000 people annually in the United States die prematurely from tobacco-related disease."...Reference1. Ogden P. Physical examination of asymptomatic adults for screening [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:746. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul E. Ogden, MDAffiliations: Scott and White Memorial Hospital Temple, TX 76508 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1989Volume 110, Issue 11Page: 949-949 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
New HIV drug patent pool "offers hope to millions"
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

An innovative approach to expanding access to newly developed and potential future HIV drugs has been launched by way of a new patent pool by the international health financing agency, UNITAID. Sharing patents through the pool should help to reduce drug prices by allowing pharmaceutical companies to share new formulations in exchange for receiving royalties for their research and development.

Phillipe Douste-Blazy, chair of UNITAID, said the pool “represents an additional tool to increase access to HIV treatment, and an opportunity for patent holders to voluntarily contribute to the attainment of crucial health related goals endorsed by the international community.”

He said that his agency had consulted widely with a “variety of stakeholders” from communities living with …
1280 Leptin receptors on human hepatic stellate cells mediate the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines
Authors: S ALEFFI, I PETRAI, A CALIGIURI, G LAFFI, M PINZANI, P GENTILINI, F MARRA
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

A potential link between obesity, circulating leptin levels and autoimmune disease symptoms suggests that targeting the leptin receptor (ObR) might be a viable novel strategy to combat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, studies in animal models and evaluation of clinical cases did not provide clear view on leptin's involvement in RA. To validate ObR as RA target, we used our peptide-based ObR agonists and antagonist in different in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, leptin and its agonist fragment, desI2-E1/Aca, moderately induced constitutive activation of a major proinflammatory transcription factor, NF-κB, while the ObR antagonist peptide Allo-aca inhibited the process. Leptin administration itself did not induce arthritis in rats, but worsened the clinical condition of mice given K/BxN serum transfer arthritis. Simultaneous administration of Allo-aca reduced leptin-dependent increase in disease severity by more than 50%, but the antagonist was ineffective when injected with a 3-day delay. In rats inflicted with mild adjuvant-induced arthritis, both leptin and Allo-aca reduced the extent of joint swelling and the number of arthritic joints. In a more aggressive disease stage, Allo-aca decreased the number of arthritic joints in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect other arthritis markers. In summary, leptin exerts diverse effects on RA depending on the experimental model. This might reflect the heterogeneous character of RA, which is differently impacted by leptin and is unmasked by ObR antagonism. Nevertheless, the results suggest that ObR antagonists might become useful therapeutics in leptin-sensitive early stages of RA.
Risk Prediction Models for Hospital Readmission
Authors: Devan Kansagara, Honora Englander, Amanda Salanitro, David Kagen, Cecelia Theobald, Michele Freeman, Sunil Kripalani
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Predicting hospital readmission risk is of great interest to identify which patients would benefit most from care transition interventions, as well as to risk-adjust readmission rates for the purposes of hospital comparison.
Comparison of Natural Language Processing Biosurveillance Methods for Identifying Influenza From Encounter Notes
Authors: Peter L. Elkin, David A. Froehling, Dietlind L. Wahner-Roedler, Steven H. Brown, Kent R. Bailey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Background: An effective national biosurveillance system expedites outbreak recognition and facilitates response coordination at the federal, state, and local levels. The BioSense system, used at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, incorporates chief complaints but not data from the whole encounter note into its surveillance algorithms. Objective: To evaluate whether biosurveillance by using data from the whole encounter note is superior to that using data from the chief complaint field alone. Design: 6-year retrospective case–control cohort study. Setting: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Participants: 17 243 persons tested for influenza A or B virus between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2006. Measurements: The accuracy of a model based on signs and symptoms to predict influenza virus infection in patients with upper respiratory tract symptoms, and the ability of a natural language processing technique to identify definitional clinical features from free-text encounter notes. Results: Surveillance based on the whole encounter note was superior to the chief complaint field alone. For the case definition used by surveillance of the whole encounter note, the normalized partial area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (specificity, 0.1 to 0.4) for surveillance using the whole encounter note was 92.9% versus 70.3% for surveillance with the chief complaint field (difference, 22.6%; P < 0.001). Comparison of the 2 models at the fixed specificity of 0.4 resulted in sensitivities of 89.0% and 74.4%, respectively (P < 0.001). The relative risk for missing a true case of influenza was 2.3 by using the chief complaint field model. Limitations: Participants were seen at 1 tertiary referral center. The cost of comprehensive biosurveillance monitoring was not studied. Conclusion: A biosurveillance model for influenza using the whole encounter note is more accurate than a model that uses only the chief complaint field. Because case-defining signs and symptoms of influenza are commonly available in health records, the investigators believe that the national strategy for biosurveillance should be changed to incorporate data from the whole health record. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Plasma adiponectin concentrations and correlates in African Americans in the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) study
Authors: James M. Shikany, Cora E. Lewis, Barry I. Freedman, Donna K. Arnett, Catherine Leiendecker-Foster, Tamekia L. Jones, David T. Redden, Albert Oberman
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Significance of Perfusate Lactic Acidosis in Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
Authors: R. W. G. Johnson, M. Anderson, R. M. R. Taylor, J. Swinney
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Thirty-two human cadaver kidneys were assessed by continuous perfusion before transplantation. Altogether, 26 were transplanted. Ten kidneys functioned immediately, of which nine had excellent renal function at three months. Sixteen had delayed onset of function, of these only five had excellent function at three months. There was no difference in warm ischaemic interval between the two groups or in ice storage time. The immediate function group, however, were perfused for twice as long as the delayed function group. The two groups could not be separated on donor history, but they could be precisely separated during perfusion by measuring lactic acidosis and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH). The biggest single difference between the groups was in terms of donor preparation.
Prognostic Impact of Number of Resected and Involved Lymph Nodes at Complete Resection on Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hisashi Saji, Masahiro Tsuboi, Koichi Yoshida, Yasufumi Kato, Masaharu Nomura, Jun Matsubayashi, Toshitaka Nagao, Masatoshi Kakihana, Jitsuo Usuda, Naohiro Kajiwara, Tatsuo Ohira, Norihiko Ikeda
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)

Lymph node (LN) status is a major determinant of stage and survival in patients with lung cancer. In the 7th edition of the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors, the number of involved LNs is included in the definition of pN factors in breast, stomach, esophageal, and colorectal cancer, and the pN status significantly correlates with prognosis.We retrospectively investigated the prognostic impact of the number of resected LNs (RLNs) and involved LNs in the context of other established clinical prognostic factors, in a series of 928 consecutive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent complete resection at our institution between 2000 and 2007.The mean number of RLNs was 15. There was a significant difference in the total number of RLNs categorized between less than 10 and ≥10 (p = 0.0129). Although the incidence of LN involvement was statistically associated with poor prognosis, the largest statistically significant increase in overall survival was observed between 0 to 3 and ≥4 involved LNs (hazard ratio = 7.680; 95% confidence interval = 5.051-11.655, p < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, we used the ratio between the number of involved LNs and RLNs. The number of RLNs was found to be a strong independent prognostic factor for NSCLC (hazard ratio = 6.803; 95% confidence interval = 4.137-11.186, p < 0.0001).Complete resection including 10 or more LNs influenced survival at complete NSCLC resection. Four involved LNs seemed to be a benchmark for NSCLC prognosis. The number of involved LNs is a strong independent prognostic factor in NSCLC, and the results of this study may provide new information for determining the N category in the next tumor, node, metastasis classification.
A New Lancet for Skin Prick Testing
Authors: Ole ØSterballe, Bent Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1979)

A new lancet with a point length of 1.0 mm suitable for skin prick testing is described. The weal reactions appearing after the use of histamine chloride 1 mg/ml and an extract of Phleum pralense in a 1 HEP concentration (1 histamine equivalent prick) prove suitable as regards size and reproducibility compared with the reactions produced by a more conventional prick test method. The new lancet simplifies the prick test procedure and does not require as much experience as do needles and longer lancets.
Patient Autonomy and Clinician Integrity in Treatment Decisions
Authors: Ian Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An analysis of the mechanical disadvantage of myocardial infarction in the canine left ventricle.
Authors: D K Bogen, S A Rabinowitz, A Needleman, T A McMahon, W H Abelmann
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

An isotropic, initially spherical, membrane model of the infarcted ventricle satisfactorily predicts ventricular function in the infarcted heart when compared to clinical information and available ventricular models of higher complexity. Computations based on finite element solutions of this membrane model yield end-diastolic and end-systolic pressure-volume curves, from which ventricular function curves are calculated, for infarcts of varying size and material properties. These computations indicate a progressive degradation of cardiac performance with increasing infarct sizes such that normal cardiac outputs can be maintained with Frank-Starling compensation and increased heart rate for acute infarcts no larger than 41% of the ventricular surface. The relationship between infarct stiffness and cardiac function is found to be complex and dependent on both infarct size and end-diastolic pressure, although moderately stiff subacute infarcts are associated with better function than extensible acute infarcts. Also, calculations of extensions and stresses suggest considerable disruption of the border zone contraction pattern, as well as elevated border zone systolic stresses.
Differences in Treatment of Spitz Nevi and Atypical Spitz Tumors in Pediatric Patients Among Dermatologists and Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Amy T. Metzger, Alex A. Kane, Susan J. Bayliss
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

No clear consensus exists for the management of Spitz nevi (SNs) or atypical Spitz tumors (ASTs), particularly in the pediatric population. Some dermatologists recommend the removal of all suspected Spitz tumors in children, whereas others perform partial biopsy or monitor clinically.1
A VOCAL COMPLICATION OF TONSILLECTOMY, AND ITS TREATMENT
Authors: J. Dundas-Grant
Journal: BMJ (1929)

JOURNALroots of the lungs is present in practically all asthmatics, but three patients had definite evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis-two healed and one active-all unsuspect'ed cases.The two former were treated with good result; the latter was sent back untreated and a haemorrhage occurred a few days later.'The possibility of using this method of general radiation in pulmonary tuberculosis is under consideration.The hilum fibrosis that is common in asthma is, I believe, a secondary condition, as no alteration could be detected even after radiation had been successful.The presence of
Federal Recognition of Chiropractic: A Double Standard
Authors: H. THOMAS BALLANTINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorials1 May 1975Federal Recognition of Chiropractic: A Double StandardH. THOMAS BALLANTINE JR., M.D.H. THOMAS BALLANTINE JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-5-712 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOn 30 October 1972, President Nixon signed into law PL 92-603, which sharply raised the level of involvement of the federal government in health care. This law is best known to physicians because of its section that mandates the formation of Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSROs). This legislation was intended to translate into action the "concern" of the Congress over the quality and cost effectiveness of medical care. But the same 92nd Congress also passed another section of PL 92-603, under which Medicare payments could go to chiropractors for "manual manipulation of the spine to correct a subluxation demonstrated by...References1. : Acts of 1966. Chapter 409, p. 321 Google Scholar2. HARPER W: Medical diagnosis—a trap. Digest Chiropractic Economics: January-February 1975, pp. 14-23 Google Scholar3. BALLANTINE H: Medicine and chiropractic. JAMA 200:219-223, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. COHEN W: Independent Practitioners Under Medicare: A Report to Congress. Washington, D.C., United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1968, p. 186 Google Scholar5. BALLANTINE H: Will the delivery of health care be improved by the use of chiropractic services? N Engl J Med 286:237-242, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByChiropractic: Recognized but UnprovedA Comparison of Spinal Manipulation by Medical Practitioners and Chiropractors 1 May 1975Volume 82, Issue 5Page: 712-713KeywordsChiropracticHealth careLegislationMedicareProfessional standards review organizationsSpine Issue Published: 1 May 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Circulating Serum C-Peptide
Authors: David L. Horwitz, Hideshi Kuzuya, Arthur H. Rubenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The discovery of proinsulin by Steiner and Oyer1 established that insulin is not synthesized as such, but as a larger precursor molecule in which the insulin A and B chains are connected by an additional peptide of 30 to 35 amino acids, depending on the species. Transformation of proinsulin to insulin begins in the Golgi apparatus and continues in the secretion granules of the pancreatic beta cells.2 A major portion of the connecting chain of amino acids remains intact during the conversion process and is released into the circulation along with insulin. This polypeptide which has been designated the "connecting-peptide" . . .
Financial burden of childhood cancer.
Authors: C M Bodkin, T J Pigott, J R Mann
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Fifty-nine of 73 families of children referred for treatment of cancer during 1980 co-operated in a study of the financial consequences of the illness. Except for two social class I families who declined to take part, the sample was representative of the childhood cancer population and families were of similar socioeconomic status to the general population. During the first, inpatient, week week of treatment the sum of income lost plus additional expenditure exceeded 50% of total income in over 45% of families. During a subsequent week of outpatient treatment, loss of income plus additional expenditure amounted to more than 20% of income in over half the families. These problems affected all the groups studied and were not confined to lower paid or those living furthest from the centre. Financial help was available from charitable sources and the DHSS towards travel, extra nourishment, and heating costs but could not be obtained to compensate for loss of earnings. The families of children who died had difficulty in meeting the cost of funerals. Families of children with cancer need more help than is at present available, especially to offset loss of income and the cost of funerals.