tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suppurative Pylethrombophlebitis and Multiple Liver Abscesses Following Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Nathan T. Milliken, Henry B. Stryker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN THE course of suppurative conditions of abdominal structures drained by the portal system, the development of an ascending phlebitis with embolic liver abscesses is an event to be feared by the internist and the surgeon. Although the appendix is most frequently the starting point, the process may be initiated by suppuration in the gall bladder, diverticula, intestine, pelvic structures or hemorrhoids. Its frequency varies considerably in the published reviews, ranging from 0.09 to 0.82^ per cent of the cases of acute appendicitis.1 , 2 Soro,3 in 1948, compiled 17,000 cases of acute appendicitis from the European literature from 1905 to 1935, . . .
Cutaneous bullae following acute steroid withdrawal in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: JEFFREY P. CALLEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed severe widespread bullae following sudden steroid withdrawal. Histologically the lesion was suggestive of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with a regenerating subepidermal bulla, but immunofluorescence on non‐lesional skin was typical of lupus erythematosus. Treatment led to resolution of the bullous eruption, and despite exacerbations of the patient's lupus nephropathy, the blisters have not recurred. The differential diagnosis of bullous LE is discussed.
Rational design of a fully active, long-acting PEGylated factor VIII for hemophilia A treatment
Authors: Baisong Mei, Clark Pan, Haiyan Jiang, Hendri Tjandra, Jonathan Strauss, Yaoqi Chen, Tongyao Liu, Xin Zhang, Joanne Severs, Jim Newgren, Jianmin Chen, Jian-Ming Gu, Babu Subramanyam, Michael A. Fournel, Glenn F. Pierce, John E. Murphy
Journal: Blood (2010)
Aurora-A Inhibition Offers a Novel Therapy Effective against Intracranial Glioblastoma
Authors: James R. Van Brocklyn, Jeffrey Wojton, Walter H. Meisen, David A. Kellough, Jeffery A. Ecsedy, Balveen Kaur, Norman L. Lehman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma remains a devastating disease for which novel therapies are urgently needed. Here, we report that the Aurora-A kinase inhibitor alisertib exhibits potent efficacy against glioblastoma neurosphere tumor stem–like cells in vitro and in vivo. Many glioblastoma neurosphere cells treated with alisertib for short periods undergo apoptosis, although some regain proliferative activity upon drug removal. Extended treatment, however, results in complete and irreversible loss of tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, alisertib caused glioblastoma neurosphere cells to partially differentiate and enter senescence. These effects were also observed in glioma cells treated with the Aurora-A inhibitor TC-A2317 or anti–Aurora-A siRNA. Furthermore, alisertib extended median survival of mice bearing intracranial human glioblastoma neurosphere tumor xenografts. Alisertib exerted similar effects on glioblastoma neurosphere cells in vivo and resulted in markedly reduced activated phosphoThr288Aurora-A and increased abnormal mitoses and cellular ploidy, consistent with on-target activity. Our results offer preclinical proof-of-concept for alisertib as a new therapeutic for glioma treatment. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5364–70. ©2014 AACR.
Cardiac Renin-Angiotensin System in the Hypertrophied Heart
Authors: Naoharu Iwai, Hitoshi Shimoike, Masahiko Kinoshita
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The cardiac renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been suggested to play an important role in heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of each component of the RAS in hypertrophied heart induced by aortocaval shunt. Methods and Results The expression levels of renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type Ia and Ib receptor (AT1aR and AT1bR) mRNA were determined by the reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction method owing to the relatively low expression levels of these mRNAs in the ventricle. The expression level of renin or angiotensinogen mRNA in the ventricle was very low, more than 1000-fold lower than that in the kidney or liver, respectively. The expression of ACE mRNA in the ventricle was relatively abundant and was increased in the hypertrophied ventricle in this model, whereas no significant increases in the expression levels of AT1aR and AT1bR mRNA were observed. Administration of lisinopril attenuated the development of left and right ventricular hypertrophy in this model and was accompanied by an attenuation of the upregulation of the ACE, collagen type I-α, and vimentin mRNAs. Because the activity of the circulating RAS in the aortocaval shunt rats was not higher than that in the sham-operated rats, the effects of lisinopril in attenuating the ventricular hypertrophy may be due to inhibition of the increased ACE in the ventricle. Conclusions The present study supports the importance of ACE expressed in the ventricle in the development of hypertrophy induced by aortocaval shunt.
Fast neutron treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: final report of Edinburgh randomised trial.
Authors: R H MacDougall, J A Orr, G R Kerr, W Duncan
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To compare neutron treatment and megavoltage (photon) radiotherapy in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. DESIGN--Randomised trial of patients stratified by site of primary tumour and presence or absence of lymph node metastases. Follow up of patients after treatment. SETTING--Department of clinical oncology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. PATIENTS--165 Patients with untreated, histologically proved squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, or hypopharynx. All patients completed treatment, and no patient was lost to follow up. INTERVENTION--Treatment with either neutrons or photons. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Disease state and morbidity (scored with the system of the European Organisation for Research on Treatment of Cancer) at each visit during follow up. RESULTS--Of the 165 patients, 85 were randomised to receive neutron treatment and 80 to receive photon treatment. Minimum follow up was five years. Local control of cancer remained similar in the two groups, being achieved in 37 (44%) patients after neutron treatment and 36 (45%) after photon treatment. Five year and actuarial 10 year survival rates were 24% (20/85) and 14% respectively in the group treated with neutrons and 34% (27/80) and 30% respectively in the group treated with photons. Five year survival rates without local disease were 19% (16/85) and 30% (24/80) respectively. Necrosis was more common after neutron treatment than after photon treatment. Seven patients in the neutron group who developed necrosis died whereas no deaths were associated with photon treatment. CONCLUSION--Rates of long term local control were similar in the two groups. Necrosis related to radiation was more common in patients treated with neutrons, and the mortality related to treatment was significantly higher in these patients.
COMPARISON OF TRANSRADIAL VERSUS TRANSFEMORAL APPROACH FOR CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY OF CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS
Authors: Yutaka Tanaka, Satoshi Takeshita, Takeshi Akasaka, Junya Matsumi, Masato Murakami, Hidetaka Suenaga, Shingo Mizuno, Nobuhiro Okamura, Futoshi Yamanaka, Kazuya Sugitatsu, Yumiko Osaka, Yoichi Imori, Koki Shishido, Shigeru Saito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
18. Facilitation of AAV Genome Circularization by Host Cell Factors Involved in DNA Replication and Double-Strand Break Repair
Authors: Vivian W. Choi, Douglas M. McCarty, Richard J. Samulski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The episomal persistence of recombinant AAV genomes that lead to long-term gene expression in host cells has been observed for over a decade. However, the host cell factors that participate in the DNA recombination between the hairpined-structured terminal repeats (TRs) of AAV genomes into the stable episomal circular and concatemeric forms is still unclear. We developed a circularization-dependent self-complementary AAV (cir-dept scAAV) vector as a reporter system for studying genome circularization. Transgene expression will occur only if the TRs on the ends of a single genome undergo DNA recombination facilitated by host cell factors. We have previously shown that the scAAV genome circularization is extremely efficient (>97%) in cells competent for DNA recombination and repair (eg. Hela, 293, CHOK1) and that inhibition of DNA replication and topoisomerase activity, through drug treatment of Hela cells, reduces the efficiency of scAAV genome circularization.
Cholescintigraphic Demonstration of Biliary Fistula and of Normalization after Choledochoduodenostomy and Correction of Common Bile Duct Obstruction
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, SYLVIA MAGOUN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A 51-year-old man had developed common bile duct obstruction with biliary fistula after cholecystectomy. Tc-99m DlSlDA cholescintigraphy performed on the 26th postoperative day of the cholecystectomy showed norma1 hepatic uptake with linear radioactivity extending to the right lower abdominal region from the right hepatic lobe. A repeat cholescintigraphy after choledocho-duodenostomy and correction of common bile duct obstruction showed normal visualization of the bowel after 15 minutes.
[587] ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT PROFOUNDLY AFFECTS IRON STATUS IN HCV PATIENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OUTCOME
Authors: F. Ferrara, M. Guido, P. Ventura, A. Geetti, G. Abbati, E. Corradini, C. Ferrari, G. Fattovich, A. Pietrangelo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
New antibiotics are needed as resistance grows, expert says
Authors: P. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Drug regulators should ensure that unnecessary hurdles don’t prevent the licensing of new antibiotics, a leading expert in treating resistant infections has said. David Livermore, director of the UK Health Protection Agency’s antimicrobial resistance monitoring unit, also called on drug companies not to abandon research into an area sometimes seen as unprofitable.

“Antibiotics are a precious resource in fighting infections, and one that we must do everything we can to preserve,” he said at a press conference on 10 September. “That is why we need to ensure there is a constant range of options under development.”

Public concern over resistance to antibiotics has centred on meticillin resistant …
CORRELATION OF THROMBUS AREA WITH ANGIOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI: ANALYSIS FROM THE HORISONS-AMI TRIAL
Authors: Yong He, Eugenia Nikolsky, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran, Adriano Caixeta, George Dangas, LeRoy Rabbani, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: GARY R. ZUCKERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Endoscopy to evaluate upper gastrointestinal bleeding was done for 482 patients over a 42-month period. Fifty-nine patients (12%) had chronic renal failure and upper gastrointestinal bleeding; the remaining 423 did not have renal failure. Angiodysplasia of the stomach or duodenum was the most frequent source of bleeding in patients with renal failure. Angiodysplasia (p less than 0.001) and erosive esophagitis (p less than 0.01) were significantly commoner causes of bleeding in the renal failure population than in the group without renal failure. Recurrent bleeding was also more frequent in patients with renal failure (25%) than in the other patients (11%). Angiodysplasia was the most frequent source of recurrent bleeding in patients with renal failure (53%) whereas peptic lesions were the most likely sources in those without renal failure (51%). These data show that the differential diagnoses of first and subsequent upper gastrointestinal bleeding sites differ for patients with and without chronic renal failure.
Endogenous Serum TSH Levels and Metastatic Survey Scans in Thyroid Cancer Patients Using Triiodothyronine Withdrawal
Authors: NEIL D. MARTIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Using a triiodothyronine withdrawal method to produce a hypothyroid state in 38 patients with prior thyroidectomies for differentiated thyroid cancer, 56 H-TSH and T4 levels were measured prior to metastatic survey scans performed with 131I. All the T4 levels were below normal and 55 of the 56 H-TSH levels were elevated. No qualitative differences could be observed in the eight patients who had scans performed after bovine TSH injections and later after triiodothyronine withdrawal. Triiodothyronine withdrawal does induce high endogenous TSH levels and under normal circumstances bovine TSH injections are not required for metastatic scans in patients with thyroid cancer.
IgE-antigen complexes enhance Fc epsilon R and Ia expression by murine B lymphocytes.
Authors: M L Richards, J F Marcelletti, D H Katz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Murine monoclonal IgE interacts with B cells of BALB/c mouse spleen with greater efficiency in the presence of its specific antigen. Complexes of anti-DNP IgE and DNP-OVA not only resist elution from B lymphocytes by acid but have a substantially longer dissociation half-time when compared with monomeric IgE (440 vs. 8 min, respectively). Further, these IgE-antigen complexes induce Fc epsilon R expression in lymphoid cells more efficiently than IgE alone. Maximum levels of B cell Fc epsilon R were observed after a 24 h incubation with 1 microgram/ml IgE in the presence of 1 microgram/ml DNP-OVA, while 30 micrograms/ml monomeric IgE was needed to elicit a similar increase of Fc epsilon R expression. Most importantly, overnight incubation of B cell-enriched BALB/c spleen cells with IgE-antigen complexes resulted in an augmented membrane expression of class II MHC antigens. B cell surface expression of both I-A and I-E antigens responded to a comparable level after incubation with IgE-antigen complexes but did not occur in response to either IgE or antigen alone. The enhanced sIa expression occurred in parallel to IgE-antigen concentrations that gave rise to Fc epsilon R hyperexpression. Moreover, double staining for Fc epsilon R and surface Ia antigen shows that B cells exhibiting the highest density of Fc epsilon R also demonstrated the most surface I-A, suggesting that B lymphocytes are autonomous in their response to IgE-antigen complexes. Changes in class I MHC or sIgM were not observed after overnight incubation with IgE and antigen. These results demonstrate the importance of IgE-antigen complexes for intercellular signaling and further suggest that the IgE system plays a broader role in immune response than it has generally been credited.
New tacrine hopes for Alzheimer patients in US
Authors: F B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A 30 week study reported in the 6 April issue of JAMA of 663 patients at 33 outpatient centres throughout the US has opened a new chapter in the evaluation of tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine; Cognex). The study was led by the manufacturer of the drug, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division of Warner-Lambert Company. Last September the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of tacrine, a long acting anticholinesterase, in Alzheimer's disease.

The study was to determine the effects of high dose (up to 160 mg/day) tacrine in patients with a probable diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with the presence of symptoms …
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR SPHERICITY AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Shinichi Okino, Shigeru Fukuzawa, Masayuki Inagaki, Juji Sugioka, Atsushi Ikeda, Jumpei Maekawa, Jumpei Maekawa, Soiciro Ichikawa, Takashi Uchiyama, Norihiko Kamioka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The Genetic Basis of Immunoglobulin-Class Switching
Authors: Raif S. Geha, Fred S. Rosen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

In the immune response to a foreign protein, the first antibodies to appear are of the IgM class (or isotype). As the response proceeds, other isotypes (IgG, IgA, and IgE) emerge as the result of immunoglobulin-class switching. The isotype switch has considerable clinical importance because each of the four major isotypes has specialized biologic properties. IgG, for example, is the principal class of antibody in interstitial fluids, whereas IgA is the protective antibody of mucosal surfaces. Isotype switching requires collaboration between antibody-synthesizing B cells and helper CD4+ T cells. In this collaboration, the B cell uses IgM molecules on its . . .
High dose inhaled corticosteroids and dose dependent loss of diabetic control
Authors: J L Faul, W Tormey, V Tormey, C Burke
Journal: BMJ (1998)

We report a case of loss of diabetic control in a patient given high doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate for asthma.

A 67 year old man who had had asthma for 10 years was referred for respiratory assessment. He had had non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus for 40 years and was taking glibenclamide 5 mg and metformin 1700 mg daily. Glycaemic control was monitored every six weeks in an outpatient clinic using the percentage of glycated haemoglobin (haemoglobin A1c) (Corning-Drew Glycomat low pressure chromatography system).1 The normal range is <6% and the within batch coefficient of variation is 2.6% and 1.5% for concentrations of 7% and 10% respectively. …
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography (ERC) through Artificial Endoscopic Choledocho-Duodenal Fistula
Authors: G. Caletti, A. Vandelli, L. Bolondi, G. Fontana, G. Labò
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

A new endoscopic method for retrograde cholangiography in cases of unsuccessful cannulation of the papilla is described. In 1 patient with obstructive jaundice, severe diabetes and a previous history of biliary pain traditional ERC failed. An endoscopic artificial choledocho-duodenal fistula by means of a diathermic cutter (needle type) was performed at the lower end of the intramural portion of the common bile duct for retrograde cholangiography. X-ray showed an obstruction of the common bile duct due to a carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Complications did not occur during the procedure and in the post-operative period. It is concluded that the described method may be helpful when traditional selective ERC fails, moreover it may permit an endoscopic choledocho-duodenostomy for choledocholithiasis in cases of unsuccessful endoscopic papillosphincterotomy.
Healthcare staff should lose their jobs if care falls short
Authors: A. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Last year, stimulated by the Patients Association report on the terrible experiences of some patients and their families within the National Health Service, I highlighted the gulf that exists between the expressed values of the NHS constitution and the realities of care as experienced by vulnerable patients in our health and social care system ( BMJ 2010;340:c3166, doi:10.1136/bmj.c3166). I called for a change in culture whereby basic human kindness, or at least the avoidance of unkindness, should be adopted as an absolute value for our health service. 

The recent report on the care of elderly people in the NHS from Ann Abraham, the health service ombudsman, has led me to rethink ( BMJ 2011;342:d1064, doi:10.1136/bmj.d1064). It highlights 10 cases that fill you with a sense of incredulity about the status of caring within the NHS. How is it that caring for patients—basic, precious, hands on, face to face care—has become a low priority task that might get done, probably by a relatively untrained and lowly member of staff, after all the other boxes have been ticked?

A lot will be said after …
Polyarteritis Nodosa of Infancy
Authors: Peter H. L. Tang
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In a baby with polyarteritis nodosa, only the coronary arteries were involved. All lesions were in the late reparative stage, with multipleaneurysm formation. In similar cases, these lesions have been thought to be congenital aneurysms or aneurysms of uncertain etiology. Our patient suddenly developed Stokes-Adams seizures and died several months after clinically apparent recovery. Findings from a thorough examination of the cardiac conduction system provided an excellent clinicopathological correlation.
Abstract ES09-3: Symptom management and quality of life in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: P Niravath
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Approximately 40,000 women in the US die each year of metastatic breast cancer. Because the disease is incurable at this stage, effective symptom management and preservation of quality of life are paramount for these patients. For those with brain metastases, consideration of cognition, quality of life, and overall survival are extremely important because some subsets of patients with breast cancer metastases to the brain may now enjoy prolonged survival of almost 2 years. For solitary brain metastasis, surgical resection followed by whole brain radiotherapy is known to prolong survival, though the addition of whole brain radiotherapy is associated with significant cognitive impairment and decreased quality of life without clear improvement in overall survival. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) shows promise as a therapeutic option for patients with asymptomatic, smaller brain lesions. SRS, as compared to open surgery, results in improved quality of life. Bone metastasis is another common management dilemma for breast cancer patients. Commonly used bone agents, such as bisphosphonates and RANK ligand inhibitors, are known to decrease bone pain and increase quality of life, as well as reduce skeletal-related events. However, safe and optimal duration of bisphosphonates or RANK ligand inhibitors remains unclear in the metastatic breast cancer population. Finally, we will discuss quality measures for delivering end of life care, trends in the country, and methods for improving end of life care with goals of earlier hospice referrals and less treatments at end of life which lead to hospitalizations or ICU stays. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr ES09-3.
Proceedings: Generalized osteoarthrosis. A problem of definition.
Authors: T Genn, P H Wood
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

In 10 patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis indomethacin profiles and articular indices were determined before and after a period of one week's administration of probenecid (1 g daily).There were significant differences between the two indomethacin profile results, and the articular index fell significantly (P < 0 05) from a mean value of 17-6 (±SEM 2-8) before treatment to a mean value of 12-5 units (±SEM 11) after probenecid.Despite attaining very high plasma indomethacin concentrations after probenecid no patient complained of side effects.This effect of probenecid on indomethacin levels was noted in further studies after both oral and rectal administration.When frusemide was administered orally with indo- methacin the indomethacin profile was reduced.These results are preliminary and based on a small number of patients but do raise the question of the advisability of concurrent administration of diuretics and indomethacin.