tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN EPIDEMIC OF ALBUMINURIA
Authors: P. M. ASHBURN
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Army Regulations 40-105, "Standards of Physical Examinations," prescribe that "the term 'albuminuria' will not ordinarily be used as a cause for rejection, nor does its presence alone justify a diagnosis of nephritis. When albumin is constantly or intermittently present the underlying pathological condition must, if possible, be determined and stated as the cause for rejection, but if albuminuria is present daily during a period of six days it should be stated as the cause of rejection, even if the origin cannot be determined" (par. 82). No exception is taken to the provisions of this regulation, but it is thought that some good and physically sound men, as well as the seriously diseased, may be excluded from West Point and from the army by the application of the last sentence quoted. This opinion is based on the experience of annual physical examinations of officers and cadets at West Point in the
Potentiation of the immune response in HIV-1+ individuals.
Authors: T Schmitz, R Underwood, R Khiroya, W W Bachovchin, B T Huber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

T cells from HIV-1+ individuals have a defect in mounting an antigen specific response. HIV-1 Tat has been implicated as the causative agent of this immunosuppression. We have previously shown that HIV-1 Tat inhibits antigen specific proliferation of normal T cells in vitro by binding to the accessory molecule CD26, a dipeptidase expressed on the surface of activated T cells. We now demonstrate that the defective in vitro recall antigen response in HIV-1 infected individuals can be restored by the addition of soluble CD26, probably by serving as a decoy receptor for HIV-1 Tat. The restored response is comparable to that of an HIV-1- individual, suggesting that early in HIV infection there is a block in the memory cell response, rather than deletion of these cells.
Hyperphosphatemia and Tumoral Calcinosis
Authors: JOHN F. WILBER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Two teenage negro brothers with chronic hyperphosphatemia, one of whom exhibited heterotopic calcifications around large joints, underwent studies of phosphate metabolism. Both patients demonstrated normal inulin clearance and increased phosphate clearance in response to exogenous parathyroid hormone. Increased phosphaturia after ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid infusion suggested normal endogenous parathormone (PTH) secretory reserve. Immunoassays of serum PTH concentration revealed values within the normal range. Serum growth hormone after arginine infusion rose appropriately in one patient studied. Karyotype analyses of leukocyte cultures yielded 46 XY patterns. It is postulated that hyperphosphatemia was due to inherited reduction in renal tubular responsiveness to the phosphaturic action of PTH, and that chronic high serum phosphate was a contributing factor to the development of extraskeletal calcifications.
Beta 2 glycoprotein I is a substrate of thiol oxidoreductases
Authors: Freda H. Passam, Soheila Rahgozar, Miao Qi, Mark J. Raftery, Jason W. H. Wong, Kumiko Tanaka, Yiannis Ioannou, Jing Yun Zhang, Rosalie Gemmell, Jian Chen Qi, Bill Giannakopoulos, Will E. Hughes, Philip J. Hogg, Steven A. Krilis
Journal: Blood (2010)
Evaluation of Attenuation Corrected (AC) and Non-Attenuation Corrected (N-AC) Dual Head Coincidence Imaging (DHCI) in Detection of Intra-abdominal Tumors
Authors: H El-Zeftawy, S Naddaf, A Zaher, J Santiago, S Jana, S Salem, J Lou, D Montanaro, H Abdel-Dayem
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Scientific Abstracts And Posters From The 44Th Annual Meeting Of The Southwestern Chapter Of The Society Of Nuclear Medicine, And From The 12Th Northeastern Regional Scientific Meeting Of The New England And New York Chapters Of The Society Of Nuclear Medicine
Daily Telemonitoring of Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Symptoms in the Treatment of Childhood Asthma
Authors: Johan C. de Jongste, Silvia Carraro, Wim C. Hop, Eugenio Baraldi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Rationale: Asthma treatment might improve when inhaled steroids are titrated on airway inflammation. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO0.05), a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation, can be measured at home.Objectives: We assessed daily FeNO0.05 telemonitoring in the management of childhood asthma.Methods: Children with atopic asthma (n = 151) were randomly assigned to two groups: FeNO0.05 plus symptom monitoring, or monitoring of symptoms only. All patients scored asthma symptoms in an electronic diary over 30 weeks; 77 received a portable nitric oxide (NO) analyzer. Data were transmitted daily to the coordinating centers. Patients were phoned every 3 weeks and their steroid dose was adapted according to FeNO0.05 and symptoms, or according to symptoms. Children were seen at 3, 12, 21, and 30 weeks for examination and lung function testing. The primary end point was the proportion of symptom-free days in the last 12 study weeks.Measurements and Main Results: Telemonitoring was feasible with reliable FeNO0.05 data for 86% of days, and valid diary entries for 79% of days. Both groups showed an increase in symptom-free days, improvement of FEV1 and quality of life, and a reduction in steroid dose. None of the changes from baseline differed between groups. The difference in symptom-free days over the last 12 weeks was 0.3% (P = 0.95; 95% confidence interval, −10 to 11%). There was a trend for fewer exacerbations in the FeNO0.05 group.Conclusions: Thirty weeks of daily FeNO0.05 and symptom telemonitoring was associated with improved asthma control and a lower steroid dose. We found no added value of daily FeNO0.05 monitoring compared with daily symptom monitoring only.
Long term survival after pulmonary resection for small cell carcinoma of the lung.
Authors: U S Prasad, A R Naylor, W S Walker, D Lamb, E W Cameron, P R Walbaum
Journal: Thorax (1989)

A retrospective review was undertaken of the long term survival of 97 patients with histologically proved small cell carcinoma of the lung resected during the 10 years January 1977-December 1986. Twenty seven patients (28%) had stage I disease, 29 (30%) stage II, and 41 (42%) stage III. Patients with stage I and II tumours were managed by resection alone. Patients with stage III disease received adjuvant chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine). Pneumonectomy was undertaken in 75 patients, lobectomy in 21, and wedge resection in one patient. Three patients died within 30 days of operation. The cumulative five year survival of all patients, irrespective of tumour stage, was 17%. The cumulative five year survival was 35% for patients with stage I disease, 23% for stage II, and zero for stage III. The median survival for patients with stage III tumours was 17 months. There was no significant difference in cumulative survival between patients with stage I and II disease. Cumulative survival, however, was significantly better for patients with stage I and II disease than for those with stage III disease. The data suggest that for patients with stage I and stage II disease surgery offers the prospect of long term survival.
Medical-Legal Survival: A Risk Management Guide for Physicians
Authors: Robert L. Brent
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This manual was prepared by 12 representatives of major medical centers in the United States and reviewed by three faculty members from major universities and two administrators from similar institutions. It has 11 sections and comes in a small (five- by seven-inch), loose-leaf format. The introduction describes the riskmanagement department and discusses specific issues of confidentiality, records, early warning systems, communication, and the resources that are available to the physician. The next section, "Policy Resources," provides a list of administrative staff who could be helpful to the physician in answering questions about risk management or medicolegal situations that may arise. Within this section is also an excellent discussion of the patient's bill of rights and patient responsibilities. The next section deals with documentation and is an analytical approach to all aspects of record keeping with regard to medical care in a hospital. Besides discussing each of the various types of
A multidisciplinary approach is needed
Authors: J M. Dixon, R C F Leonard
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Charles R Gillis and David J Hole provide support for the management of patients with breast cancer by surgeons with a specialist interest in breast disease.1 The number of centres advertising as having specialist breast surgeons has proliferated, but it is not clear whether all these units fulfil the definition of a specialist unit as defined by Gillis and Hole and by …
Valve Repair Improves the Outcome of Surgery for Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Hartzell V. Schaff, Thomas A. Orszulak, A. Jamil Tajik, Kent R. Bailey, Robert L. Frye
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Mitral valve repair has been suggested as providing a better postoperative outcome than valve replacement for mitral regurgitation, but this impression has been obscured by differences in baseline characteristics and has not been confirmed in multivariate analyses. Methods and Results The outcomes in 195 patients with valve repair and 214 with replacement for organic mitral regurgitation were compared using multivariate analysis. All patients had preoperative echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function. Before surgery, patients with valve repair were less symptomatic than those with replacement (42% in New York Heart Association functional class I or II versus 24%, respectively; P =.001), had less atrial fibrillation (41% versus 53%; P =.017), and had a better ejection fraction (63±9% versus 60±12%, P =.016). After valve repair, compared with valve replacement, overall survival at 10 years was 68±6% versus 52±4% ( P =.0004), overall operative mortality was 2.6% versus 10.3% ( P =.002), operative mortality in patients under age 75 was 1.3% versus 5.7% ( P =.036), and late survival (in operative survivors) at 10 years was 69±6% versus 58±5% ( P =.018). Late survival after valve repair was not different from expected survival. After surgery, ejection fraction decreased significantly in both groups but was higher after valve repair ( P =.001). Multivariate analysis indicated an independent beneficial effect of valve repair on overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.39; P =.00001), operative mortality (odds ratio, 0.27; P =.026), late survival (hazard ratio, 0.44; P =.001), and postoperative ejection fraction ( P =.001). Conclusions Valve repair significantly improves postoperative outcome in patients with mitral regurgitation and should be the preferred mode of surgical correction. The low operative mortality is an incentive for early surgery before ventricular dysfunction occurs.
Acute Abdominal Pain
Authors: Thomas E. Shea
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Dr. Joseph T. Ferrucci, Jr.: A 63-year-old white woman, who lived in a nursing home because of slowly progressive syringomylelia, was admitted to the hospital complaining of abdominal pain of one day's duration. The pain had occurred spontaneously, had radiated to the back, but was primarily located in the lower abdomen. Catheterization of the bladder by a nursing home attendant gave incomplete relief of pain. Several hours later she was given an enema. The material which was evacuated contained blood. She was then transferred to this hospital where she was found to have an elevated blood pressure of 200/110 mm Hg. She was afebrile; the pulse was regular at 80 beats per minute. A roentgenogram of the abdomen was obtained. <h3>Discussion</h3> Dr. Laurence L. Robbins: Dr. Wyman, how do you interpret this? Dr. Stanley M. Wyman: I am concerned about her small-bowel pattern. There are several dilated small-bowel loops. She
Mortality, morbidity, resource allocation, and planning: a consideration of disease classification.
Authors: M J Goldacre, R I Harris
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The report of the Resource Allocation Working Party recommended that revenue allocations to health authorities should be based, in part, on national patterns of bed usage and local standardised mortality ratios for conditions aggregated according to the chapters of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Similar criteria are now being considered for planning purposes by regions. The extent to which diseases which commonly result in the use of hospital care are also common causes of deaths within their ICD chapter was studied. National utilisation figures show that most beds in ophthalmology, ear, nose, and throat surgery, gynaecology, and consultant dentistry, and an estimated one-third or more of the beds used in general surgery, neurosurgery, and plastic surgery, are used for the treatment of conditions which are uncommon causes of death, both in absolute terms and relative to their ICD chapters. It seems unlikely that the requirements for care of patients with these diseases can be measured simply, either by all-causes mortality statistics, or by the use of mortality statistics ascribed to the ICD chapter which such diseases share with other, more common, causes of death. Consideration needs to be given to the diseases treated by each specialty in deciding whether and how to apply mortality statistics in planning for and funding the specialty.
Investigations of the Creatine Excretion in the Urine of 38 Untreated Ambulant Male Patients with Fibrositis, and in Two Healthy Men
Authors: Ole Sylvest, Niels Hvid-Hansen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1950)

When a patient with primary fibrositis* is examined, the diagnosis is made on the basis of the clinical examination because of the well-known fact that routine laboratory examinations all turn out negative.Therefore it was of great interest when creatinuria was detected in sciatica patients (Wang, 1939) and in patients with fibrositis (Br0chner- Mortensen and Clemmesen, 1941).Wang examined, among other patients, ten with a not-further-defined sciatica; by means of 32 examinations in four men he found a creatinuria of from 0 to 215 mg. in 24 hours, with a total average excretion of 53 9 mg. in 24 hours, and by means of 106 examinations in six women values of from 0 to 620 mg. in 24 hours, with a total average excretion of 219 -6 mg. in 24 hours.Br0chner-Mortensen and Clemmesen's material consisted of twenty male patients with palpable muscular affections, nineteen of whom had creatinuria.The patients were hospitalized with fibrositis-chiefly in the lumbar and gluteal region; three of them also had sciatic neuritis.To some extent the creatinuria varied proportionally with the subjective and objective symptoms.The mean of the individual patients' average creatine excretion was 26 8 mg./kg.during 24 hours, which is a fairly considerable creatinuria.Seeing, however, that by far the greatest number of patients with fibrositis are given ambulant treatment-because generally only patients with fairly severe muscular diseases are hospitalized-it must be of interest to try to find out how frequently creatinuria occurs among ambulant patients with fibrositis.In this way it may be decided whether this reaction should be introduced into physico-medical out-patients' departments as a routine laboratory examination.According to most writers, creatinuria, as a rule, is not found in grown-up healthy males living on ordinary hospital diet (Br0chner-Mortensen, 1940).A few writers, however, do find a slight creatine excretion, but this very seldom exceeds 100 mg. per day (Horvath and Dill, 1941).In normal grown-up women an intermittent physiological creatinuria is often found in connexion with the period * By fibrositis the investigators mean a localized area of increased consistency and tenderness in the musculature.
Starting the I.V.
Authors: H. David Watts
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Onset During Dipyridamole Therapy
Authors: John R. Lindquist
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), increased peripheral destruction of platelets is thought to occur because of widespread deposition of fibrin within the vascular system.<sup>1</sup>This knowledge has led to the successful use of platelet inhibitors in the treatment of this condition.<sup>2</sup>We recently had the opportunity to care for a patient exhibiting the clinical features of TTP while she was taking dipyridamole for an unrelated cardiac condition. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 52-year-old woman was admitted to Mercy Hospital, San Diego, with a three-week history of weakness and easy fatigability. She was brought to the emergency room after an episode of slurred speech that had resolved over several hours. She was not aware of her elevated temperature and denied recent fever or symptoms of an infectious nature. Seven years previously, she had been given lanatoside C, 0.5 mg daily, and dipyridamole, 100 mg three times
Adriamycin and Radiation Reaction
Authors: ROBERT T. EAGAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments and Correction1 February 1977Adriamycin and Radiation ReactionROBERT T. EAGAN, M.D., ROBERT E. LEE, M.D., DAVID T. CARR, M.D.ROBERT T. EAGAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT E. LEE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID T. CARR, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-2-243 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the report by Greco and associates (1) on the enhanced skin and esophageal radiation reaction in small-cell lung cancer patients being treated with a three-drug combination chemotherapy program, including adriamycin (doxorubicin) at a dose of 40 mg/m2 followed by super voltage radiation. We are also aware of the reports by Donaldson, Glick, and Wilbur (2) and Cassady and associates (3). In light of the earlier reports, we have been closely observing our patients for similar reactions.Our approach to therapy has been an adriamycin-based combination chemotherapy regimen administered concomitantly with radiation therapy. The...References1. GRECOBRERETONKENT FHH: Adriamycin and enhanced radiation reaction in normal esophagus and skin. Ann Intern Med 85:294-298, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. DONALDSONGLICKWILBUR SJJ: Adriamycin activating a recall phenomenon after radiation therapy. Ann Intern Med 81:407-408, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar3. CASSADYRICHTERPIRO JMA: Radiation-adriamycin interactions: preliminary clinical observations. Cancer 26:946-949, 1975 CrossrefGoogle Scholar1. JOHNSON R: Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Cancer 37 (suppl): 1214, 1976 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. PHILIPSFU TK: Quantification of combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy effects on critical normal tissues. Cancer 37 (suppl): 1186-1200, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RUDOLPHSTEINPATILLO RRR: Skin ulcers due to Adriamycin. Cancer 38:1087-1094, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CASSADYRICHTERPIRO JMA: Radiation-Adriamycin interactions: preliminary clinical observations. Cancer 36:946-949, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT T. EAGAN, M.D.; ROBERT E. LEE, M.D.; DAVID T. CARR, M.D.Affiliations: Comprehensive Cancer Center Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55901 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTumoren der Atmungsorgane (Trachea, Bronchien, Lunge)Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: Therapeutic ManagementRAYMOND B. WEISS, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 February 1977Volume 86, Issue 2Page: 243-244KeywordsCombination chemotherapyLung and intrathoracic tumorsRadiation therapy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
The mechanism underlying acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans and mice involves mitochondrial damage and nuclear DNA fragmentation
Authors: Mitchell R. McGill, Matthew R. Sharpe, C. David Williams, Mohammad Taha, Steven C. Curry, Hartmut Jaeschke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the predominant cause of acute liver failure in the United States. Toxicity begins with a reactive metabolite that binds to proteins. In rodents, this leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and nuclear DNA fragmentation, resulting in necrotic cell death. While APAP metabolism is similar in humans, the later events resulting in toxicity have not been investigated in patients. In this study, levels of biomarkers of mitochondrial damage (glutamate dehydrogenase [GDH] and mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]) and nuclear DNA fragments were measured in plasma from APAP-overdose patients. Overdose patients with no or minimal hepatic injury who had normal liver function tests (LTs) (referred to herein as the normal LT group) and healthy volunteers served as controls. Peak GDH activity and mtDNA concentration were increased in plasma from patients with abnormal LT. Peak nuclear DNA fragmentation in the abnormal LT cohort was also increased over that of controls. Parallel studies in mice revealed that these plasma biomarkers correlated well with tissue injury. Caspase-3 activity and cleaved caspase-3 were not detectable in plasma from overdose patients or mice, but were elevated after TNF-induced apoptosis, indicating that APAP overdose does not cause apoptosis. Thus, our results suggest that mitochondrial damage and nuclear DNA fragmentation are likely to be critical events in APAP hepatotoxicity in humans, resulting in necrotic cell death.
Heparin‐induced increase in serum levels of aminotransferases
Authors: Murat Yurdakök, Cahit Tanyel, Serdar Diker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

i not ransferasesWe have read with interest the paper of Schwartz et al entitled "Complications of Heparin Administration in Normal Individuals" [ 11.They concluded that subjects receiving heparin developed a reversible increase in serum aminotransferases.The same findings have been reported recently [2].It was suggested that the elevated transaminases originated from the liver.We had an experience concerning the acute hepatotoxic effects of heparin in kittens.Heparin (Liquemine, Roche) was injected intraperitoneally in a single dose of 5,000 IU.One hour later blood samples were obtained and sections of the liver were taken from different lobes randomly.In animals receiving heparin, there was a striking elevation of SGOT and SGPT compared with the controls (SGOT 138 ? 9 U/L and 57 T 6 U/L, p < 0.01; SGPT 42 Z 5 U/L and 17 T U/L, p < 0.01 respectively, n: 10).Light microscopic examination of the liver of kittens receiving heparin showed no pathological sign.The cause(s) of the transiently increased transaminases associated with heparin therapy remains to be clarified.It may be due to subcellular damage in the liver.