tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Absence of Something
Authors: Lawrence J. Hergott
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Addition of brain and carotid imaging to the ABCD2 score to identify patients at early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Áine Merwick, Gregory W Albers, Pierre Amarenco, Ethem M Arsava, Hakan Ay, David Calvet, Shelagh B Coutts, Brett L Cucchiara, Andrew M Demchuk, Karen L Furie, Matthew F Giles, Julien Labreuche, Philippa C Lavallée, Jean-Louis Mas, Jean Marc Olivot, Francisco Purroy, Peter M Rothwell, Jeffrey L Saver, Órla C Sheehan, John P Stack, Cathal Walsh, Peter J Kelly
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2010)
Scintigraphic Demonstration of Hemangioma in Neck
Authors: RAVI KASHYAP, RANJU T. DHAWAN, AMAR NATH JENA, KANTILAL CHAKRABORTI, ASEEM BHATNAGAR, HARISH RAWAT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The use of serial Tc-99m labeled RBC imaging in demonstration of a hemangioma of neck is reported. The abnormal and tortuous vascular connections of a hemangioma show a characteristic delayed filling-in of the radiolabeled blood pool producing the pathogonomic blood flow/blood pool mismatch. Described classically for hepatic hemangiomas, this scintigraphic pattern holds true for hemangiomas at other sites, in this instance a neck hemangioma.
Maria Elisabeth Johanna (Marlies) Eenhuizen-Graham
Authors: Andrew Graham
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Walter Somerville assisted at the UK's first cardiac catheterisation, performed by Paul Wood in 1948.For 20 years he edited the British Heart Journal, now simply Heart.He was consultant cardiologist at Harefield Hospital and the Middlesex Hospital, and senior lecturer at the Middlesex for 25 years, and was crucial to the success of cardiac surgery at both centres.During the second world war he worked on chemical and biological weaponry, and remained on related committees for 20 years afterwards.Walter Somerville was born in Dublin.From the Jesuit Belvedere College he went to University College Dublin, doing his clinical studies at the Mater
Sexual learning disorders?
Authors: A Bentovim
Journal: BMJ (1983)

that smoking tends to depress the appetite as well as the sense of taste is common knowledge among persons who want to lose weight.When I try, as I often do, to persuade people to stop smoking common responses are: "But I am afraid of getting fat" and "When I don't smoke I am hungry all the time."Perhaps all this simply reflects compulsion for oral satisfaction, but the key to the inverse relation between smoking and relative weight seems to be much closer to the gastrointestinal tract than to the respiratory system.
Certify a specialist
Authors: S. Lowry
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Legal challenges and European legislation have complicated specialist certification. Stella Lowry, head of the BMA's international department, guides you through the latest regulations Since January this year the way that medical specialist training is certified has changed to bring British systems into line with those elsewhere in Europe. The regulation which allows this mutual recognition of specialist qualifications from across the community is known as the European Specialist Medical Qualifications Order (1995). It established the Specialist Training Authority (STA) which will issue the certificates of completion of specialist training (CCSTs) that replace accreditation by the royal colleges. The duration of specialist training in most specialties in Britain has always been longer than the minimum duration required by the European directive/93/16/EEC. However, until January 1996 the General Medical Council issued a certificate of specialist training (CST) to doctors whose training met the minimum requirements of the directive. The CST was accepted by other European countries as evidence of specialist status, although it never conferred such rights on doctors in Britain. British doctors could obtain a CST and practise as specialists elsewhere in Europe at a stage in their training far short of that required for appointment as a consultant in the NHS. Many European doctors, particularly from countries with high medical unemployment, came to Britain to obtain training leading to the granting of a CST which then allowed them to return home and work as specialists. ### A guide to the jargon
Prognostic significance of whole-body MRI in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: J Hillengass, M-A Weber, K Kilk, K Listl, B Wagner-Gund, M Hillengass, T Hielscher, A Farid, K Neben, S Delorme, O Landgren, H Goldschmidt
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
A Dissection of Volatility in Yeast
Authors: Nina Stoletzki, John Welch, Joachim Hermisson, Adam Eyre-Walker
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

It has been suggested that volatility, the proportion of mutations which change an amino acid, can be used to infer the level of natural selection acting upon a gene. This conjecture is supported by a correlation between volatility and the rate of nonsynonymous substitution (dN), or the ratio of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates, in a variety of organisms. These organisms include yeast, in which the correlations are quite strong. Here we show that these correlations are a by-product of a correlation between synonymous codon bias toward translationally optimal codons and dN. Although this analysis suggests that volatility is not a good measure of the selection, we suggest that it might be possible to infer something about the level of natural selection, from a single genome sequence, using translational codon bias.
Plans to axe legal aid for clinical negligence claims will make it harder to sue, say claimants' lawyers
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Government plans to axe legal aid for clinical negligence claims in England and Wales and end the NHS’s responsibility to pay patients’ lawyers’ success fees will drastically curtail the ability of injured patients to sue for negligence, claimants’ lawyers have told MPs.

At present, lawyers taking cases against the NHS on a no win no fee basis can claim an additional success fee of up to 100% of their normal fees—giving them double fees—if they win a case. Both their usual fees and the success fee are payable by the NHS.

Under the plans, drawn up by Appeal Court …
The Runner: Energy and Endurance
Authors: E. C. Frederick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

There is much to like about this summary, intended for lay readers, of  biochemical factors that control and limit running performance. It contains many fascinating tidbits (eg, 10 20 molecules of adenosine triphosphate are used for each sprint step), and  authors provide genuine insights into exercise metabolism. Particularly interesting are their artfully crafted arguments on  role of fat metabolism in limiting endurance performance.  Despite these basic strengths, however, The Runner is not without its problems. This reviewer found himself frustrated by numerous errors and omissions and flabbergasted by  lack of reference citations when data from other researchers are presented. The authors also have a disturbing penchant for presenting their speculations as if they were chiseled in stone at  national museum. We are told, for example, that the wall—the extreme fatigue that overtakes marathoners—is caused by  limited rate of fatty-acid oxidation. An interesting notion to
Antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus in homosexual men. Relation of antibody specificity, titer, and isotype to clinical status, severity of immunodeficiency, and disease progression.
Authors: J S McDougal, M S Kennedy, J K Nicholson, T J Spira, H W Jaffe, J E Kaplan, D B Fishbein, P O'Malley, C H Aloisio, C M Black
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The titers and isotypes of antibodies to specific proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus were determined by Western blot analysis of sera from 107 homosexual men. Antibody titers were generally lower in sera from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in sera from men whose condition subsequently progressed to AIDS than in sera from men who had not progressed to AIDS. We found no evidence of isotypic prominence or restriction of the antibody response. In multivariate analysis, lower levels of CD4 helper cells were most highly associated with progression to AIDS. Lower antibody titers to the envelope protein gp110, the core protein p24, and the reverse transcriptase enzyme p51/65 were also predictive of progression to AIDS independent of their association with CD4 cell levels. These data suggest that differences in antibody levels are not simply a consequence of severe immunodeficiency but may be markers for control of infection.
Efficacy of combined treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Results of a multinstitutional retrospective analysis
Authors: Giovanni Conzo, Andrea Polistena, Pietro Giorgio Calò, Paolo Bononi, Claudio Gambardella, Claudio Mauriello, Ernesto Tartaglia, Stefano Avenia, Alessandro Sanguinetti, Fabio Medas, Giorgio de Toma, Nicola Avenia
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
Vancomycin Therapy for Bacterial Endocarditis Due to Streptococcus viridans or Enterococcus in Patients Intolerant of Penicillin or Streptomycin.
Authors: Charles K. Friedberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Abstracts1 May 1968Vancomycin Therapy for Bacterial Endocarditis Due to Streptococcus viridans or Enterococcus in Patients Intolerant of Penicillin or Streptomycin.Authors: Charles K. Friedberg, M.D., F.A.C.P., Kenneth Rosen, M.D., and Paul Bienstock, M.D.Author, Article, & Disclosure InformationPublication: Annals of Internal MedicineVolume 68, Number 5https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1154_3 Get AccessSubmit a CommentContributors must reveal any conflict of interest. Comments are moderated. Please see our information for authorsregarding comments on an Annals publication.Name (if multiple authors, separate names by comma)Name field is requiredComment TitleTitle field is requiredAffiliation & Institution (max characters: 200)Affiliations field is requiredCommentComment field is requiredPlease disclose any conflicts of interest or leave the box unchecked if you have noneDisclosure of Any Conflicts of InterestCancelSubmit
Prognostic Significance of Ventricular Ectopic Beats with Respect to Sudden Death in the Late Postinfarction Period
Authors: MORRIS N. KOTLER, BERNARD TABATZNIK, MORTON M. MOWER, SUKETAMI TOMINAGA
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The role of ventricular dysrhythmias as determinants of sudden coronary death (SCD) was studied prospectively in 160 male survivors of myocardial infarction, all under 65 years of age and in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I or II. Twelve-hour electrocardiographic recordings were taken in all patients at serial intervals and analyzed for frequency and type of ventricular ectopic beat (VEB). Eighty percent showed VEB's on at least one tape recording. There have been 14 SCD's in a follow-up period ranging between 30 and 54 months, 12 in 87 patients (13.8%) with significant VEB's (frequent, unifocal, multifocal, paired or coupled, and ventricular tachycardia), and only two in 66 patients (3%) with absent or infrequent VEB's ( P &lt; 0.02). Although the number of patients in this study is small, the results show that all complex VEB forms together were associated with an excess risk of SCD, notwithstanding the absence of SCD in 27 patients with ventricular parasystole. It is suggested that the differential association with SCD between ventricular extrasystoles and parasystole in the late postinfarction period may have bearing on the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation and SCD.
Nephronophthisis type 1 deletion syndrome with neurological symptoms: Prevalence and significance of the association
Authors: G. Caridi, M. Dagnino, A. Rossi, E.M. Valente, E. Bertini, E. Fazzi, F. Emma, L. Murer, E. Verrina, G.M. Ghiggeri
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
H <sub>2</sub> S Protects Against Pressure Overload–Induced Heart Failure via Upregulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
Authors: Kazuhisa Kondo, Shashi Bhushan, Adrienne L. King, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Tariq Hamid, Steven Koenig, Toyoaki Murohara, Benjamin L. Predmore, Gabriel Gojon, Gabriel Gojon, Rui Wang, Naveena Karusula, Chad K. Nicholson, John W. Calvert, David J. Lefer
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) produces H 2 S via enzymatic conversion of L-cysteine and plays a critical role in cardiovascular homeostasis. We investigated the effects of genetic modulation of CSE and exogenous H 2 S therapy in the setting of pressure overload–induced heart failure. Methods and Results— Transverse aortic constriction was performed in wild-type, CSE knockout, and cardiac-specific CSE transgenic mice. In addition, C57BL/6J or CSE knockout mice received a novel H 2 S donor (SG-1002). Mice were followed up for 12 weeks with echocardiography. We observed a &gt;60% reduction in myocardial and circulating H 2 S levels after transverse aortic constriction. CSE knockout mice exhibited significantly greater cardiac dilatation and dysfunction than wild-type mice after transverse aortic constriction, and cardiac-specific CSE transgenic mice maintained cardiac structure and function after transverse aortic constriction. H 2 S therapy with SG-1002 resulted in cardioprotection during transverse aortic constriction via upregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor–Akt–endothelial nitric oxide synthase–nitric oxide–cGMP pathway with preserved mitochondrial function, attenuated oxidative stress, and increased myocardial vascular density. Conclusions— Our results demonstrate that H 2 S levels are decreased in mice in the setting of heart failure. Moreover, CSE plays a critical role in the preservation of cardiac function in heart failure, and oral H 2 S therapy prevents the transition from compensated to decompensated heart failure in part via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and increased nitric oxide bioavailability.
THE FREQUENCY OF STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES INFECTION IN PUERPERAL FEVER
Authors: L. Colebrook, R. Hare
Journal: BMJ (1930)

THE BNtmi 241 tilmles hurger tlhani the Dick-positive, 2 cases shliowed a few cololies of S. p!joqeClS in miiixed culture.Considered purely froiii the point of view of the ilci(leiice of bS.1q;o etics iinfection the results are as followvs:In the Dick + gr-otup of womiien, 6 cases oiut of 230 2.6%In the Dick -group of womneni, 2 cases out of 770 = 0.26% Stippleiacntary Inrcstiyatiotis. 1. Tlhe Dick test was al)p)lied to 38 women at Qlleen Charlotte's Hospitcal during, the puep)erliulll-that is, eitlher sluortlv after delivery or wN-ithinl twventy-four to thirty-six lIomir-s after the onset of fever.T'hesc 'were cases niot inc'luded in the larger investigation.Since maniy of them wero alread(y febrile henl the Dick test was carried ouit, the incielneice. of " morbidlitv " in thle positive aind lieg.ativegrou(tipS is of nio significance.Of the 38 cases, 8 gave a positive Dick reaction, aind of these 5 were " morbid."Bacteriological inivesti(ration of these miiorbid cases showed olyly onie ilnfectioni (thiat is, 1 in 5) by lhaeinolytic str epto- cocci-a case of slighlt uterinie sel)sis.Of the 30 cases with a negyative Dick reaction, 20 were febrile an-id wi-erc investi- go ted bacteriologically.Thlece cases (that is, 1 in 6.6) showe(l infec tioni by haeniolytic streptococci-two beinlg mild local infectionis, and the third a mnoderately severe case inl whiich the fatal result w-as due chliefly to secolndary haninorrhage.2. The Dick test was repeated in some 26 cases at Quieeni Chlarlotte's Hospital in order to determi-cniie wh-lethel thle skin reaction to :trel)tococcal toxini chlianged froili time to timiie as claimied bd v Weiss.15 cases were tested befoic labour anid once duriing the puer- perium.4 cases were tested before labouir and twice during the puer- perium.7 cases were tested twice during the puerperium.Tea of the patienits tested were Dick-positive, 16 of tlhemii Dick-niegative.In only one casc was th-ere a different reatetioni on re-testing-a positive before¢ labour clhaniging to a :negative after labour in a patielnt wlhose puer-perium was afebrile.ColuCI-llsionIS.
Maternal deaths from haemorrhage double in UK
Authors: L Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Maternal deaths due to haemorrhage have doubled in the United Kingdom since the last report from the Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths, which covered 1985-7. The inquiry's latest report, covering 1988-90, also shows that deaths from sepsis have nearly doubled.

“Many of the overall favourable trends seen in previous reports have not been maintained,” says the report, published by the government. “There is a need for critical reappraisal of the administration and delivery of maternity care.”

The assessors for the inquiry - one in obstetrics, anaesthetics, and pathology from each health region - found evidence of substandard care in almost half of all the cases of maternal death. The report draws attention to the “significant number of cases where major problems were handled by junior doctors, a recurring theme of recent reports.”

The inquiry found that 238 women died during pregnancy …
CUTANEOUS VASCULAR CALCIFICATION, GANGRENE AND HYPERPARATHYROIDISM*
Authors: R. K. WINKELMANN, F. RAYMOND KEATING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article CUTANEOUS VASCULAR CALCIFICATION, GANGRENE AND HYPERPARATHYROIDISM Get access R. K. WINKELMANN, R. K. WINKELMANN Section of Dematology (Dr Winkelmann), and of Internal Medicine (Dr Keating), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. RAYMOND KEATING, Jr F. RAYMOND KEATING, Jr Section of Dematology (Dr Winkelmann), and of Internal Medicine (Dr Keating), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 2, 1 August 1970, Pages 263–268, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15697.x Published: 01 August 1970
Procedure volume is one determinant of centre effect in mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: M. Darmon, E. Azoulay, J-P. Fulgencio, B. Garrigues, C. Gouzes, P. Moine, D. Villers, V. Teboul, J-R. le Gall, S. Chevret
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Survival rates vary significantly between intensive care units, most notably in patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). The present study sought to estimate the effect of hospital MV volume on hospital mortality. We included 179,197 consecutive patients who received mechanical ventilation in 294 hospitals. Multivariate logistic regression models with random intercepts were used to estimate the effect of annual MV volume in each hospital, adjusting for differences in severity of illness and case mix. Median annual MV volume was 162 patients (interquartile range 99–282). Hospital mortality in MV patients was 31.4% overall, 40.8% in the lowest annual volume quartile and 28.2% in the highest quartile. After adjustment for severity of illness, age, diagnosis and organ failure, higher MV volume was associated with significantly lower hospital mortality among MV patients (OR 0.9985 per 10 additional patients, 95% CI 0.9978–0.9992; p = 0.0001). A significant centre effect on hospital mortality persisted after adjustment for volume effect (p&lt;0.0001). Our study demonstrated higher hospital MV volume to be independently associated with increased survival among MV patients. Significant differences in outcomes persisted between centres after adjustment for hospital MV volume, supporting a role for other significant determinants of the centre effect.
FIBRINOGEN OF THE BLOOD AS INFLUENCED BY THE LIVER NECROSIS OF CHLOROFORM POISONING
Authors: G. H. Whipple, S. H. Hurwitz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1911)

1. Chloroform anesthesia for two hours or more will cause more or less central liver necrosis in dogs, depending on the length of the anesthesia and the susceptibility of the animal. 2. If the fibrinogen of the blood of such an animal be estimated at intervals, it is found that this proteid shows a drop corresponding to the amount of liver necrosis. 3. By administering chloroform, the fibrinogen may be almost eliminated from the circulating blood, and the poisoned animal may bleed for hours from small skin pricks or cuts. 4. The liver can recover from a grave injury due to chloroform and return practically to a normal condition in about ten days. 5. The fibrinogen reappears in the blood as the liver effects its repair. It seems that the quantity of fibrinogen present is a good indicator of the liver efficiency and a fairly accurate index of the amount of liver injury. 6. Shortly after the recovery of the liver from an injury due to chloroform, one may find an excess of fibrinogen in the blood. 7. In severe cases of chloroform poisoning, the calcium of the blood was normal or slightly increased, and the thrombin was normal. 8. These experiments give no evidence that the formation of thrombin or prothrombin is dependent upon liver activity. 9. The hemorrhages of chloroform poisoning are due not to lack of blood clotting but to inefficient coagulation. The clot has not the body and toughness supplied by the fibrinogen, and is, therefore, unable to check even capillary hemorrhage. 10. Fibrinogen is either formed in the liver or is wholly dependent upon liver activity for its production.
Deregistered psychiatrist is reconvicted for murder of former boss
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2009)

One year after his first conviction was overturned on appeal, the deregistered Australian psychiatrist Jean Eric Gassy has again been convicted of the murder of his former boss, Margaret Tobin.

Dr Tobin, a psychiatrist who was director of mental health for South Australia, was shot four times on 14 October 2002 as she left a lift while returning from lunch to her office in central Adelaide.

On Wednesday 6 May a jury of the Supreme Court of South Australia returned a guilty verdict after deliberating for less than four hours.

Mr Gassy was previously convicted in 2004 ( BMJ 2004;329:759, doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7469.759). But in May last year the High Court of Australia ordered a retrial, holding that the original trial judge’s direction to a deadlocked jury had not been balanced enough ( BMJ …