tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correction: Praziquantel and Schistosomiasis Treatment
Authors: RICHARD D. PEARSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1983Correction: Praziquantel and Schistosomiasis TreatmentRICHARD D. PEARSON, M.D., RICHARD L. GUERRANT, M.D.RICHARD D. PEARSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD L. GUERRANT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-4-574_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Due to mistakes made after the galley proofs were corrected, the abstract of our report, "Praziquantel: A Major Advance in Anthelminthic Therapy" (1), incorrectly implies that praziquantel has been approved in the United States for the treatment of helminthic infections other than schistosomiasis. Praziquantel has been released in the United Statesonlyfor the treatment of schistosomiasis, and its use for other helminthic infections, although very promising, is still investigational. Also, mistakenly deleted from our paper is the inference that metrifonate and oxammiquine, which are less expensive than praziquantel but equally effective for the treatment ofS....Reference1. PEARSONGUERRANT RR. Praziquantel: a major advance in anthelmintic therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:195-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RICHARD D. PEARSON, M.D.; RICHARD L. GUERRANT, M.D.Affiliations: University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville, VA 22908 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySlow-release praziquantel for dogs: presentation of a new formulation for echinococcosis control 1 October 1983Volume 99, Issue 4Page: 574-574KeywordsHelminth infectionsSchistosomiasis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
AMPUTATIONS BELOW THE KNEE.
Authors: C. B. CLAPP
Journal: JAMA (1906)

There is little in this subject of technical interest to the surgeon of to-day; it is such an old subject, its technic is so familiar and its performance so simple. Surgeons are looking for greater things, therefore the immediate result is about all they observe and but seldom stop to consider carefully the most important question relative to these amputations, the ultimate usefulness of the stump. Having been called on three times during the past year to make leg amputations where the Chopart stump was so painful that use was impossible, having also noted the wide differences of opinion among surgeons and also among artificial limb makers, as to the value of these various amputations, I resolved to secure the opinion of the most practical and to compare notes. I addressed circular letters to 100 surgeons and 35 limb makers, receiving reply from 96 surgeons and all of the latter.
Cloning and sequencing of an alternative splicing-derived cDNA variant of the GM-CSF receptor alpha subunit, which encodes a truncated protein
Authors: Xiaotang Hu, Kenneth S. Zuckerman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

GM-CSF interacts with the low affinity GM-CSF receptor α-subunit, which leads to high affinity association with the α-subunit/common β-subunit complex and transduction of intracellular signals leading to proliferation, differentiation, and/or activation of hemopoietic cells, predominantly in the neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage lineages. Several alternative splicing-derived variants of the GM-CSF receptor α-subunit have been described previously by this and other laboratories. A newly discovered alternative-splicing derived variant was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. This variant lacks 397 base pairs corresponding to exons 8–11 of the wild type GM-CSF receptor α-subunit cDNA and potentially encodes a 233 amino acid protein lacking a membrane-anchoring domain and creating the fourth known potential soluble isoform of the α-subunit of the GM-CSF receptor. Am. J. Hematol. 58:145–147, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Different hepatitis b virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion
Authors: Henry L. Y. Chan, Munira Hussain, Anna S. F. Lok
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Mutations in the core promoter and precore regions are frequently found in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients, but precore stop codon mutation is restricted to hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes that have T at nucleotide 1858. The aims of this study were to determine the role of core promoter and/or precore mutations in HBeAg seroconversion and their impact on the subsequent course of liver disease, and to determine if core promoter mutations are more frequently selected in patients with HBV genotypes that preclude the development of precore stop codon mutation. Serial sera from 45 patients with chronic HBV infection were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified, and the HBV core promoter and precore regions were sequenced. Ninety-two percent of patients had core promoter or precore mutations after HBeAg seroconversion: 42% had core promoter changes only, 38% had precore stop codon mutations only, and 12% had changes in both regions. Seventy-three percent of the patients had persistently normal aminotransferases, and only 8% had multiple flares in aminotransferases after HBeAg seroconversion. Core promoter changes were significantly more common in patients infected with HBV who have C at nucleotide 1858 (91% vs. 27%; P < .01), while precore stop codon changes were exclusively found in patients infected with HBV who have T at nucleotide 1858 (87% vs. 0; P < .01). The vast majority of our patients had core promoter and/or precore mutations after HBeAg seroconversion. Nevertheless, most patients had sustained remission of liver disease. Our data suggest that core promoter changes are preferentially selected in patients infected with HBV genotypes that preclude the development of precore stop codon mutation.
American Catholic Hospitals: A Century of Changing Markets and Mission
Authors: Ron Hamel
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electrical Aversion Therapy
Authors: C. Allen
Journal: BMJ (1964)

might allow his fantasies to wander whilst submitting himself to electric shocks and thereby spread the conditioning process to include material that is unrelated to his sexual perversion.He must constantly choose between indulging a pleasurable perversion, irrespective of its attendant guilt feelings on the one hand, and subjecting himself to un- pleasant electric shocks to remove his symp- toms on the other hand.His motives for cure must never weaken.If they do relapse is certain.The personal side of the treatment is important also.The behaviour therapist should never attempt to treat a patient who does not wish to be cured, and must provide frequent encouragement to those who do.-I am, etc.,
The Immunoglobulin Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Key Learnings (IDEaL) Patient Registry: An Initial Two-Year Data Survey From a Longitudinal Registry of Patients On Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in an Alternate Care Setting
Authors: Sean Kearns, Keith Crawford, Loretta Kristofek, Robbyn Kirylo, Luqman Seidu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Ventricular apical vents and postoperative focal contraction abnormalities in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: R A Shaw, Y Kong, E L Pritchett, S G Warren, H N Oldham, G S Wagner
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Ventriculograms made 9-15 months after surgery in 48 patients with normal preoperative apical contraction were reviewed to determine the influence of apical venting on apical wall motion in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. After interpretation of postoperative apical wall motion, the patients were subdivided into two groups. One group consisted of 34 patients who were vented by inserting a catheter through the apex of the left ventricle and the second group included 14 patients in whom no transventricular vent was made. The two groups were similar clinically and hemodynamically before surgery, and the surgical procedures were similar with the exception of vent site. Following surgery, incidences of graft patency and antegrade flow to the apex were also similar. Nineteen (56%) patients in the apically vented group had apical dyskinesia or akinesia observed on the postoperative ventriculogram while none of the patients who were not apically vented had these findings. None of the patients with apical dyskinesia or akinesia had congestive heart failure following surgery. The postoperative ventriculograms of 12 patients with mitral stenosis who underwent valvulotomy by inserting a Tubbs dilator through the apex were also analyzed. Only one patient (8.5%) had apical dyskinesia or akinesia. Since the patients with mitral stenosis probably did not have significant coronary artery disease, it is possible that the combination of the apical vent and ischemic heart disease was responsible for the focal contraction abnormalities observed.
Suppression of Integrin α3β1 in Breast Cancer Cells Reduces <i>Cyclooxygenase-2</i> Gene Expression and Inhibits Tumorigenesis, Invasion, and Cross-Talk to Endothelial Cells
Authors: Kara Mitchell, Kimberly B. Svenson, Whitney M. Longmate, Katerina Gkirtzimanaki, Rafal Sadej, Xianhui Wang, Jihe Zhao, Aristides G. Eliopoulos, Fedor Berditchevski, C. Michael DiPersio
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Integrin receptors for cell adhesion to extracellular matrix have important roles in promoting tumor growth and progression. Integrin alpha3beta1 is highly expressed in breast cancer cells in which it is thought to promote invasion and metastasis; however, its roles in regulating malignant tumor cell behavior remain unclear. In the current study, we used short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) to show that suppression of alpha3beta1 in a human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, leads to decreased tumorigenicity, reduced invasiveness, and decreased production of factors that stimulate endothelial cell migration. Real-time PCR revealed that suppression of alpha3beta1 caused a dramatic reduction in expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene, which is frequently overexpressed in breast cancers and has been exploited as a therapeutic target. Decreased COX-2 was accompanied by reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), a major prostanoid produced downstream of COX-2 and an important effector of COX-2 signaling. shRNA-mediated suppression of COX-2 showed that it has a role in tumor cell invasion and cross-talk to endothelial cells. Furthermore, treatment with PGE(2) restored these functions in alpha3beta1-deficient MDA-MB-231 cells. These findings identify a role for alpha3beta1 in regulating two properties of tumor cells that facilitate cancer progression: invasiveness and ability to stimulate endothelial cells. They also reveal a novel role for COX-2 as a downstream effector of alpha3beta1 in tumor cells, thereby identifying alpha3beta1 as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit breast cancer.
Multiple Myeloma: Charging Toward a Bright Future
Authors: J. A. Katzel, P. Hari, D. H. Vesole
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2007)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable clonal B-cell malignancy with terminally differentiated plasma cells. It afflicts approximately 55,000 people in the United States. Over the past 5 years, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and assessment of patients with MM. Significant advances include a simplified staging system, which has replaced the more cumbersome Durie-Salmon staging system; an updated uniform international response criteria; the development of a sensitive new serum test to detect free light chain production (free light chain assay); the recognition of specific adverse cytogenetic abnormalities; and the evolution of genomics, which will identify specific and targeted therapies for individual MM patients. For the first time in decades, major therapeutic advances have been implemented in the treatment of MM patients. These include 2 new classes of agent: immunomodulatory drugs and proteosome inhibitors. In addition, clinical trials have solidified the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplant and established the benefits of post-transplant maintenance therapy. Finally, a number of new agents are in development that specifically target the myeloma cells and/or the bone marrow microenvironment. These advances have resulted in expanded treatment options, prolonged disease control and survival, and improved quality of life for patients with MM.
Regulatory role of tetraspanin CD9 in tumor–endothelial cell interaction during transendothelial invasion of melanoma cells
Authors: Natividad Longo, Marı́a Yáñez-Mó, Marı́a Mittelbrunn, Gonzalo de la Rosa, Marı́a-Luisa Muñoz, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Paloma Sánchez-Mateos
Journal: Blood (2001)
High rate of DNA loss in the Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis species groups
Authors: D. A. Petrov, D. L. Hartl
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

We recently proposed that patterns of evolution of non-LTR retrotransposable elements can be used to study patterns of spontaneous mutation. Transposition of non-LTR retrotransposable elements commonly results in creation of 5' truncated, "dead-on-arrival" copies. These inactive copies are effectively pseudogenes and, according to the neutral theory, their molecular evolution ought to reflect rates and patterns of spontaneous mutation. Maximum parsimony can be used to separate the evolution of active lineages of a non-LTR element from the fate of the "dead-on-arrival" insertions and to directly assess the relative frequencies of different types of spontaneous mutations. We applied this approach using a non-LTR element, Helena, in the Drosophila virilis group and have demonstrated a surprisingly high incidence of large deletions and the virtual absence of insertions. Based on these results, we suggested that Drosophila in general may exhibit a high rate of spontaneous large deletions and have hypothesized that such a high rate of DNA loss may help to explain the puzzling dearth of bona fide pseudogenes in Drosophila. We also speculated that variation in the rate of spontaneous deletion may contribute to the divergence of genome size in different taxa by affecting the amount of superfluous "junk" DNA such as, for example, pseudogenes or long introns. In this paper, we extend our analysis to the D. melanogaster subgroup, which last shared a common ancestor with the D. virilis group approximately 40 MYA. In a different region of the same transposable element, Helena, we demonstrate that inactive copies accumulate deletions in species of the D. melanogaster subgroup at a rate very similar to that of the D. virilis group. These results strongly suggest that the high rate of DNA loss is a general feature of Drosophila and not a peculiar property of a particular stretch of DNA in a particular species group.
Who should talk to patients with cancer about genetics?
Authors: W. Chorley, K. MacDermot
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor–Mutations in the recently identified BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, and MSH2 genes are associated with high risk of developing common cancers–namely, of the breast, ovary, and colorectum.1 2 As the general public is already informed in the popular press about the increased risk of cancer it is not surprising that the demand for genetic testing is increasing.3 The organisation, staffing, and funding of specialist breast and ovarian cancer clinics is a topical issue.

Stoll stated that oncology …
RUPTURE OF THE UTERUS, WITH RECOVERY
Authors: C. B. Pasley
Journal: BMJ (1903)

The operation was performed witlh the assistance of Mr. Alexander and Dr. Panting, under whose care she was.On opening the abdomen in the Trendelenburg position a large single tumour appeared with the -uterine tissue spread out over its surface.The tumour was so soft that corkscrews would not hold in it.Having drawn the tumour out of the wound it was separated from below upwards, the broad ligaments being cut through with scissors, mnd the vessels secured as they appeared.The tumour was of the soft oedematous variety, and owing to its large size was not preserved.Convalescence was tedious owing to her weak condi- tion, but with much careful after-treatment her recovery was complete.Fig. 4.-Case X.CASE ViMl.Patient w"*-s under the care of Mr. Dent, of Cromer, was aged .45years, i6s gx14 ~ad'had had one child twenty-three years ago.For the lat toyeg .entruation had been profu-se and for the last six months .trel $tiimost continual loss of blood from th'e uterus.Slie was.du .inconsequence of her weak condition had to give up M oce~aa a lodging-house keeper.She complained also of press ~j.
THE PART PLAYED BY BRITISH MEDICAL WOMEN IN THE WAR
Authors: M. H. F. Ivens
Journal: BMJ (1917)

IN the days of peace medical women took tlleir slhare in all phases of professional life in Great Britain and Ireland so that they needed no separate hiistory.But in war the spheres o5f work open to tllemn are limited by military considerations, and it has seemed proper, therefore, to attempt some account of tlle manner in which they have come forward to render professional services to the
Mouse Ly-49D Recognizes H-2Dd and Activates Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity
Authors: Mary C. Nakamura, Paul A. Linnemeyer, Eréne C. Niemi, Llewellyn H. Mason, John R. Ortaldo, James C. Ryan, William E. Seaman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Although activation of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity is generally inhibited by target major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression, subtle features of NK allorecognition suggest that NK cells possess receptors that are activated by target MHC I. The mouse Ly-49D receptor has been shown to activate NK cytotoxicity, although recognition of MHC class I has not been demonstrated previously. To define Ly-49D–ligand interactions, we transfected the mouse Ly-49D receptor into the rat NK line, RNK-16 (RNK.mLy-49D). As expected, anti– Ly-49D monoclonal antibody 12A8 specifically stimulated redirected lysis of the Fc receptor– bearing rat target YB2/0 by RNK.mLy-49D transfectants. RNK.mLy-49D effectors were tested against YB2/0 targets transfected with the mouse MHC I alleles H-2Dd, Db, Kk, or Kb. RNK.mLy-49D cells lysed YB2/0.Dd targets more efficiently than untransfected YB2/0 or YB2/0 transfected with Db, Kk, or Kb. This augmented lysis of H-2Dd targets was specifically inhibited by F(ab′)2 anti–Ly-49D (12A8) and F(ab′)2 anti–H-2Dd (34-5-8S). RNK.mLy-49D effectors were also able to specifically lyse Concanavalin A blasts isolated from H-2d mice (BALB/c, B10.D2, and DBA/2) but not from H-2b or H-2k mice. These experiments show that the activating receptor Ly-49D specifically interacts with the MHC I antigen, H-2Dd, demonstrating the existence of alloactivating receptors on murine NK cells.
miR-214 targets ATF4 to inhibit bone formation
Authors: Xiaogang Wang, Baosheng Guo, Qi Li, Jiang Peng, Zhijun Yang, Aiyuan Wang, Dong Li, Zhibo Hou, Ke Lv, Guanghan Kan, Hongqing Cao, Heng Wu, Jinping Song, Xiaohua Pan, Qiao Sun, Shukuan Ling, Yuheng Li, Mu Zhu, Pengfei Zhang, Songlin Peng, Xiaoqing Xie, Tao Tang, An Hong, Zhaoxiang Bian, Yanqiang Bai, Aiping Lu, Yinghui Li, Fuchu He, Ge Zhang, Yingxian Li
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
On the constructive episodic simulation of past and future events
Authors: Daniel L. Schacter, Donna Rose Addis
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract We consider the relation between past and future events from the perspective of the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis, which holds that episodic simulation of future events requires a memory system that allows the flexible recombination of details from past events into novel scenarios. We discuss recent neuroimaging and behavioral evidence that support this hypothesis in relation to the theater production metaphor.
SURGICAL THERAPY OF RECTAL CANCER.
Authors: THOMAS H. MANLEY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The comparative values of the different operations for rectal cancer—tentative and radical—may be gathered from the published records of various surgeons. In the London Hospital, from 1872 to 1880, thirteen colotomies for cancer were performed, with nine deaths. During the same time, says Cripps, twentysix such operations were performed at Guy's Hospital, with eleven deaths—a mortality of about 42 per cent. It does not appear whether this was an operative mortality, or whether those were simply classified under "mortality" who died before leaving the hospital. Allingham gives twenty-seven colotomies, with a mortality of 11 per cent. Cripps says of colotomy, that in some it affords relief from pain, while in others it has failed to do any good. Of course, in<i>complete</i>intestinal obstruction, a colotomy<i>must</i>be done. Of later years, in France, Pinault, Velpeau, Récamier, Massé, Chassaignac, Maisonneuve, and in Germany Freinonze, Nussbaum and Schuh, revived the operation
UK has inadequate services for victims of sexual assault
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Some UK centres for victims of sexual assault are served by so few doctors that they cannot provide 24 hour cover, research has found ( Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine 2006;13:164-71). The researchers examined the services offered to complainants of sexual assault in the United Kingdom in 2005 and found inadequate numbers of forensic doctors available for examining child victims and almost no services for young children who have been sexually assaulted.

Some centres report a high risk of contamination of samples taken for DNA testing; many do not offer screening …
The effects of hyperpotassaemia on cardiac performance
Authors: K. KASENO, T. SUGIMOTO, K. HIRASAWA, T. INASAKA, T. NOHARA, T. URAOKA, J. TAKEUCHI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

In order to evaluate the role of hyperpotassaemia in the development of circulatory failure at the late stage of renal failure, the effects of hyperpotassaemia on cardiac function were studied on dog hearts in situ. Aortic pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were controlled at constant levels with the aid of an extracorporeal blood circuit. KC1 solution was administered while the changes in left atrial pressure, maximal rate of left ventricular pressure rise, and the ECG were observed. Results suggested that the increase of plasma K is detrimental to cardiac function, particularly if the heart is in a diseased state, and that this is probably due to the direct effect of K on the myocardial contractile system.