tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pentostatin in Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Phase II Trial of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer
Authors: A. D. Ho, J. Thaler, P. Stryckmans, B. Coiffier, M. Luciani, P. Sonneveld, K. Lechner, S. Rodenhuis, M. E. Peetermans, F. deCataldo, T. De Witte, S. Suciu, G. Solbu, S. Bodewadt-Radzun, W. Hunstein, R. Zittoun
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Pentostatin was used to treat 26 patients with advanced B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia resistant to conventional treatment. Twenty patients had progressive disease on previous regimens and six had had partial remission and then relapsed 3-34 months after previous chemotherapy. Eleven patients had previously been treated with three different regimens. 10 had been treated with two regimens, and five had been treated with one regimen. Pentostatin was administered at a dosage of 4 mg/m2 weekly for 3 weeks, then 4 mg/m2 every other week for 6 weeks and once a month for 6 months. Seven of 26 assessable patients (27%) achieved partial remission and five (19%) achieved clinical improvement. The median duration of partial remission until relapse or death was 210 days. Myelosuppression was minor and transient in responsive patients, indicating some degree of selective effect on lymphocytes. Except for one patient who died of cerebral hemorrhage during the first 6 weeks of treatment, no drug-related deaths were registered. Major toxic effects included nausea in 17 patients (mainly grade 1), infections in 15, and liver enzyme elevations in five. Thus, pentostatin is active, even in patients with advanced B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia that is refractory to multiple chemotherapy regimens. Response can be achieved with mild myelosuppression.
Patterns of Secondary Prevention in Older Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting During Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: JoAnne Micale Foody, Francis D. Ferdinand, Deron Galusha, Saif S. Rathore, Frederick A. Masoudi, Edward P. Havranek, David Nilasena, Martha J. Radford, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Aggressive risk factor modification decreases cardiovascular events and mortality in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Little is known regarding the use of secondary prevention in older patients undergoing CABG during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Medical records were reviewed for a sample of 37,513 patients hospitalized with AMI in the United States between April 1998 and March 1999. Patients >or=65 years of age who underwent CABG after AMI (n=2,267 [8%]) were evaluated for the prescription of 4 therapies at discharge: aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and lipid lowering, in eligible patients without contraindications to therapy and compared with patients who did not undergo CABG (n=26,484 [92%]). Patients undergoing CABG had higher rates of aspirin than patients who did not undergo CABG (88.0% versus 83.2%, P=0.0002). However, CABG patients were less likely to receive beta-blockers (61.5% versus 72.1%, P<0.0001), ACE inhibitors (55.5% versus 72.1%, P<0.0001), or lipid lowering (34.7% versus 55.7%, P<0.0001) prescriptions than patients who did not undergo CABG. After adjustment for disease severity, patients undergoing CABG were no longer more likely to receive discharge aspirin, and the magnitude of other differences in care increased.Evidence-based discharge therapies are underutilized in older patients who underwent CABG during hospitalization for AMI. Although national efforts focusing on improving short-term surgical mortality have been successful, strategies should be developed to increase the utilization of therapies known to improve long-term mortality in patients undergoing CABG.
Late onset erythropoietic porphyria
Authors: Y. HORIGUCHI, T. HORIO, M. YAMAMOTO, T. TANAKA, Y. SEKI, S. IMAMURA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

A 51-year-old Japanese man and his 56-year-old sister of consanguineous parents had skin lesions with areas of dark-brown pigmentation and blisters with minimal trauma on sun-exposed skin which resembled those seen in porphyria cutanea tarda. Their fresh urine was wine-red in colour and fluoresced with ultraviolet light. The peripheral blood contained fluorocytes and porphyrin analysis of the red blood cells, urine and faeces of the patients revealed an increase of the isotype I of uro- and coproporphyrin and normal concentrations of delta-aminolaevulinate and porphobilinogen, suggesting the diagnosis of erythropoietic porphyria. No other members of this family had symptoms or biochemical findings suggestive of porphyria. We consider these two cases to be that of late onset erythropoietic porphyria.
Survival rates after bowel cancer surgery reach all time high, audit shows
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Four in five patients who have major surgery for bowel cancer survive at least two years, show figures from the latest national bowel cancer audit.1

The audit of data from more than 50 000 bowel cancer patients in England and Wales also showed that survival was much poorer in those patients who didn’t have surgery, with only two in five patients surviving for two years. Many of the patients who did not undergo a major resection were too frail, or the cancer was too advanced, but the report said that there needed to be more investigation to find out the reasons …
Surgery improves breast cancer-specific survival in octogenarians with early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Tomás Cortadellas, Andrea Gascón, Octavi Córdoba, Jordi Rabasa, Robert Rodríguez, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Antonio Esgueva, Isabel T. Rubio, Jordi Xercavins, Antonio Gil
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)
Consumers' estimation of calorie content at fast food restaurants: cross sectional observational study
Authors: J. P. Block, S. K. Condon, K. Kleinman, J. Mullen, S. Linakis, S. Rifas-Shiman, M. W. Gillman
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Exposure to air pollution in early life contributes to the burden of childhood asthma, but it is not clear whether long-term exposure to air pollution can lead to asthma onset or progression in adulthood. <h3>Objectives</h3> The authors studied the effect of exposure to traffic-related air pollution over 35 years on the risk for asthma hospitalisation in older people. <h3>Methods</h3> 57 053 participants in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, aged 50–65 years at baseline (1993–1997), were followed up for first hospital admission for asthma until 2006, and the annual nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) levels were estimated as a proxy of the exposure to traffic-related air pollution at the residential addresses of the participants since 1971. The association between NO<sub>2</sub> and hospitalisation for asthma was modelled using Cox regression, for the full cohort and in people with and without previous hospitalisations for asthma, and the effect modification by comorbid conditions was assessed. <h3>Results</h3> During 10.2 years9 median follow-up, 977 (1.9%) of 53 695 eligible people were admitted to hospital for asthma: 821 were first-ever admissions and 176 were readmissions. NO<sub>2</sub> levels were associated with risk for asthma hospitalisation in the full cohort (HR and 95% CI per IQR, 5.8 μg/m<sup>3</sup>: 1.12; 1.04–1.22), and for first-ever admissions (1.10; 1.01–1.20), with the highest risk in people with a history of asthma (1.41; 1.15–2.07) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (1.30; 1.07–1.52) hospitalisation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution increases the risk for asthma hospitalisation in older people. People with previous asthma or COPD hospitalisations are most susceptible.
Education for What?
Authors: Cecil G. Sheps
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PUBLIC commitment to health and medicine is great and growing. Health protection and health care appear high on the agenda of our nation's domestic business. Each day, newspaper headlines warn us of new threats to health and the imposition or relaxation of controls by the Food and Drug Administration or the Environmental Protection Agency. Just recently, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) subpoenaed members of 11 medical specialty boards to determine whether any of these boards have violated federal laws regarding competition by illegally restraining the supply of physicians or health services. And there is much more. What does this mean? Is medical education seriously affected? Is it playing its most appropriate role in all of this? Is public regulation antithetical to educational freedom and professional responsibility? Can the needs and expectations of each be achieved in concert, or are they isolated, independent considerations? In a democratic, pluralistic society such as
Orf in man.
Authors: J. R. James
Journal: BMJ (1968)

BRITMattribute to an " abstinence syndrome."In all of the literature which I have been able to survey, and in personal clinical experience, hallucinations have not been seen as a symp- tom of psychostimulant withdrawal.The most generally described symptoms are lethargy, depression, and suicide attempt.I would suspect that these symptoms in the case presented represent the psychologic response of a schizophrenic woman to the withdrawal of a drug on which she is psychic- ally dependent, or a psychic response to hospitalization.Studies have demonstrated the considerable correspondence between very large doses of stimulants over a period of a few days and the development of a paranoid psychosis.'The aetiology of a psychosis which has existed for one and a half years at first observation, developing four and a half years after beginning to take excessive quantities of phenmetrazine, is problematic.This is so especially when that dosage, while excessive, is less than that which may be necessary to cause the acute, drug-induced psychosis.If we may roughly equate 25 mg.phenmetrazine with 5 mg.dexamphetamine, then their patient took the equivalent of 30-40 mg.dex- amphetamine, daily.This is, in my experi- ence, insufficient to cause an acute drug (or sleep deprivation) psychosis.That chronic, moderately high doses of amphetamines can cause a psychosis independent of personality variables has been suggested,2 but not estab- lished.-Iam, etc.,
Stable expression of transdominant Rev protein in human T cells inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication.
Authors: M H Malim, W W Freimuth, J Liu, T J Boyle, H K Lyerly, B R Cullen, G J Nabel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Rev protein is essential for viral structural protein expression (Gag, Pol, and Env) and, hence, for viral replication. In transient transfection assays, mutant forms of Rev have been identified that inhibit wild-type Rev activity and therefore suppress viral replication. To determine whether such transdominant Rev proteins could provide long-term protection against HIV infection without affecting T cell function, T leukemia cell lines were stably transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a transdominant mutant of the Rev protein, M10. While all the M10-expressing cell lines remained infectable by HIV-1, these same cells failed to support a productive replication cycle when infected with a cloned isolate of HIV-1. In addition, two out of three M10-expressing CEM clones were also resistant to highly productive infection by a heterogeneous HIV-1 pool. Expression of M10 did not affect induction of HIV transcription mediated by the kappa B regulatory element or Tat. Importantly, constitutive expression of Rev M10 did not alter the secretion of interleukin 2 in response to mitogen stimulation of EL-4 and Jurkat cells. The inhibition of HIV infection in cells stably expressing a transdominant Rev protein, in the absence of any deleterious effect on T cell function, suggests that such a strategy could provide a therapeutic effect in the T lymphocytes of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.
Allergic contact dermatitis to detergents: A multicenter study to assess prevalence
Authors: Donald V. Belsito, Anthony F. Fransway, Joseph F. Fowler, Elizabeth F. Sherertz, Howard I. Maibach, James G. Mark, C.G.Toby Mathias, Robert L. Rietschel, Frances J. Storrs, James R. Nethercott
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2002)
STAGGERS IN SHEEP IN PATAGONIA
Authors: F. S. Jones, J. F. Arnold
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

After observations and experimental work both in the field and laboratory, the following conclusions seem justified. 1. Staggers is a non-infectious disorder affecting horses, cattle, and sheep. 2. The disease is characterized by weakness, muscular twitching, irregular movements of the head, stiffness of the limbs, and transient motor paralysis, accompanied with spastic spasms on excitement. There is also a derangement of vision and conjunctivitis. 3. The postmortem lesions are not characteristic. 4. We readily produced the disease by feeding susceptible sheep on a coarse tuft grass commonly known as coiron or pampa grass (Poa argentina). 5. The time required to produce definite symptoms by feeding the grass varied. Two animals developed typical staggers after two feedings; in another instance a period of 21 days of feeding was required. The average time for the production of unmistakable symptoms in our experiments was 10 days. 6. Many sheep recover from staggers spontaneously. A complete change of diet will usually effect a cure within 2 weeks. 7. Older .animals that have pastured for long periods on lands where the grass grows become tolerant and are rarely affected with staggers. 8. The grass is toxic to sheep at all seasons of the year. We fed late winter and early spring grass and grass in flower, and produced staggers in every instance. The young green grass is as toxic as any edible portion of the plant.
Ischemic Heart Disease in Young Adults
Authors: DAVID H. BLANKENHORN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

A study of 15 young patients with known or suspected coronary atherosclerosis by a combined metabolic-angiographic protocol is reported. Among 10 patients with coronary disease proved by angiography, 5 had type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Early changes in triglyceride levels and pre-beta lipoprotein, which occur 2 to 7 days after start of 85% carbohydrate diet, appear useful in the diagnosis of type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.
The effect of cytokineI-n on vascular/myocardial function
Authors: Paul A Sobotka, David E Euler
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article The effect of cytokineI-n on vascular/myocardial function Get access PAUL A SOBOTKA, PAUL A SOBOTKA Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL60153, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID E EULER DAVID E EULER Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL60153, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 8, August 1993, Page 1551, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.8.1551 Published: 01 August 1993
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE ACTION OF BOTULINUS TOXIN
Authors: C. W. EDMUNDS
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In May, 1923, in collaboration with Long, one of us<sup>1</sup>reported on some results obtained in animals with the toxin of botulism. Our findings, in brief, were that in all cases there was a more or less complete curare-like action on the endings of the motor nerves to the voluntary muscles, producing a certain degree of paralysis of the muscles. The phrenic nerves also being affected, the paralysis involved the diaphragm early, the life of the animal being maintained by the accessory respiratory muscles until they too became so weakened that they could not function adequately, and consequently failure of the respiration closed the picture. Complete paralysis of the motor nerves was not present in all cases, but even in those nerves the stimulation of which would result in a motor response, the curare-like action was still to be seen in the early fatigue of the nerve, a phenomenon
Pheochromocytoma — Death of an Axiom
Authors: Robert G. Dluhy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Medical students often learn axioms in order to remember the key features of a disorder. The “rule of 10” used to describe pheochromocytomas is a good example: 10 percent are extraadrenal, and of those, 10 percent are extraabdominal; 10 percent are malignant; 10 percent are found in patients who do not have hypertension; and finally, 10 percent are hereditary.1 Familial pheochromocytoma is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait alone or as a component of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes (MEN-2A and MEN-2B), von Hippel–Lindau disease, or, in rare cases, neurofibromatosis type 1.2 The remaining 90 percent of pheochromocytomas . . .
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor gene transfer suppresses tumorigenicity of a murine adenocarcinoma in vivo.
Authors: M P Colombo, G Ferrari, A Stoppacciaro, M Parenza, M Rodolfo, F Mavilio, G Parmiani
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

We have investigated the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) delivery at the site of tumor growth by transducing, via retroviral vector, the human (hu) G-CSF gene into the colon adenocarcinoma C-26 and assaying the ability of transduced cells to form tumors when injected into syngeneic mice. As a control, the same tumor cells were infected with retroviruses engineered to transduce an unrelated gene, the human nerve growth factor receptor, or carry the neomycin resistance gene only. Only cells transduced with the huG-CSF were unable to develop tumors, although huG-CSF was expressed and produced at low level as estimated by both RNA analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indicating that G-CSF can exert an antitumor effect at a physiological dose. Implication of G-CSF as mediator of tumor inhibition was proven by reversing the nontumorigenic phenotype of G-CSF-expressing cells with anti-huG-CSF monoclonal antibody injected at the tumor site. No tumors were formed by injecting C-26 infected cells into nu/nu mice, while neoplastic nodules appeared after injection into sublethally irradiated mice; such tumors, however, regressed when mice normalized their leukocyte counts after irradiation. Tumors were also formed after injection of a mixture of infected and uninfected C-26 cells, although critical delay in tumor formation occurred when infected cells were 10 times more represented in the mixture. Histological examination of tissues surrounding the site of injection showed infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes, whose number correlated with that of G-CSF-expressing C-26 cells in the injected mixture. These results indicate that G-CSF may have a potent antitumoral activity when released, even at low doses, at the tumor site. The antitumoral effect is mediated by recruitment and targeting of neutrophilic granulocytes to G-CSF-releasing cells.
Lesion location and aphasic syndrome do not tell us whether a patient will have an isolated deficit affecting the coindexation of traces
Authors: David Caplan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Data from published case and group studies bear on the trace deletion hypothesis. The deficit-lesion correlational literature does not support Grodzinsky's claim that lesions in and around Broca's area inevitably lead to comprehension deficits specifically related to coindexation of traces or his claim that other lesions spare this function.
PLGA nanoparticles enhance the expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes in dendritic cells and induce FoxP3+ T-cells in vitro
Authors: Chantal Keijzer, Rachel Spiering, Ana Luísa Silva, Willem van Eden, Wim Jiskoot, Lonneke Vervelde, Femke Broere
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Catheter-based percutaneous cellular cardiomyoplasty using allogeneic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Marcus E. St. John, Jinsheng Xie, Alan W. Heidman, Garrick C. Stewart, Stephen M. Cattaneo, David J. Caparrelli, William A. Baumgartner, Bradley J. Martin, Joshua M. Hare
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Japan's Medical Care System
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Japan's medical care system, like those of most Western industrialized nations, is based on three essential objectives: ready access, high quality, and reasonable cost. Within that framework, however, every culture influences the provision of medical care in countless ways. For example, Japan's medical care system reflects in some respects the entrepreneurial, market-driven nature of its economy, yet it also expresses a policy that hospitals should be organized on a nonprofit basis, that all citizens should have access to care regardless of their capacity to pay, and that physicians should place the patient's welfare above material gain.Although Japan shares with . . .
Coral Snake Bite
Authors: Geogre F. Ramsey
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:  —I am both grateful and enlightened by the Drs. Feinbergs' comments on the allergic aspects of the antiserum discussed in our recent report, Coral Snake Bite.  The intradermal skin test was carried out with a 1:100 dilution of the serum, but in a 0.1 cc volume, which, as they suggest, was probably the source of our highly sensitive reaction. The desensitization schedule over the 4-hr period met with such little difficulty that we were persuaded to give the recommended dose (120 cc) after 1.0 cc of undiluted antiserum was received with no harmful effects by the patient. As the doctors point out, this does not represent complete desensitization but, rather, reflects the great probability that the patient was not sensitive to horse serum.
Still a mystery but 'not likely' a virus
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In August 1992 the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) called a meeting of governmental academic and clinical disease specialists in Atlanta Georgia to discuss the phenomenon revealed at the AIDS meeting held in July in Amsterdam the Netherlands--CD4+ T-lymphocyte depletion in persons without evident HIV infection.  Of the 30 cases (21 men 9 women) identified to date health workers monitored CD4 counts regularly in only 5 asymptomatic men who had risk factors for HIV (gay or hemophiliac).  54% of all cases had no risk factors for HIV.  12 cases did not exhibit AIDS symptoms.  13 did exhibit AIDS symptoms including Pneumocystis carninii pneumonia extrapulmonary cryptococcosis Mycobacterium avium complex disseminated histoplasmosis cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis disseminated CMV toxoplasmosis and encephalopathy.  The US-based Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center has discovered 17 people with low CD4 counts who tested negative for HIV-1 and HIV-2.  It found reverse transcriptase in only 2 of these cases indicating a possible retrovirus infection.  Yet electron microscopy did not find any retrovirus or virus.  A researcher from the University of California-Irvine identified retroviral particles in an immunodeficient 66-year old woman and her healthy 38-year old daughter with neither of these women exhibiting any risk factors for AIDS.  The Director of the National Institutes of Healths Office of AIDS Research and CDCs acting deputy director for HIV/AIDS summed up the meeting by saying that no data presented indicated a transmissible agent as the cause for the condition.  Participants even noted that immunodeficiency is not new. They also concluded that the blood supply is safe.  CDC has set up a surveillance system based on its definition for idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia:  CD4+ cell levels of <300/mcl or CD4 percentage of <20% on at least 2 samples taken at different times negative HIV tests and no defined immunodeficiency or therapy associated with T-cell depletion.