tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparison of internal mammary artery and saphenous vein grafts after coronary artery bypass surgery. No difference in 1-year occlusion rates and clinical outcome. CABADAS Research Group of the Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of The Netherlands.
Authors: J van der Meer, H L Hillege, W H van Gilst, A Brutel de la Rivière, P H Dunselman, V Fidler, G J Kootstra, B J Mulder, M Pfisterer, K I Lie
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Superior patency rates for internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts compared with vein coronary bypass grafts have been demonstrated by retrospective studies. This difference may have been affected by selection bias of patients and coronary arteries for IMA grafting. METHODS AND RESULTS To estimate the difference between IMA and vein grafts, we analyzed graft patency data of 912 patients who entered a randomized clinical drug trial. In this trial, 494 patients received both IMA and vein grafts (group 1) and 418 only vein grafts (group 2). Occlusion rates of IMA grafts and IMA plus vein grafts in group 1 were compared with those of vein grafts in group 2. Multivariate analysis was used to compare occlusion rates of IMA and vein grafts while other variables related to graft patency were controlled for. In addition, 1-year clinical outcome was assessed by the incidence of myocardial infarction, thrombosis, major bleeding, and death. Occlusion rates of distal anastomoses in group 1 versus group 2 were 5.4% (IMA grafts) versus 12.7% (vein grafts) (P &lt; .0001) and 10.4% (IMA plus vein grafts) versus 12.7% (vein grafts) (P = .14). There was no difference in adjusted risk of occlusion between IMA grafts and vein grafts (P = .089). Type and location of distal anastomosis and lumen diameter of the grafted coronary artery were shown to be predictors of occlusion. Clinical events occurred in 17.8% (group 1) and 16.0% (group 2) of patients (P = .53). CONCLUSIONS The observed difference in 1-year occlusion rates between IMA and vein grafts can be explained by a maldistribution of graft characteristics by selection of coronary arteries for IMA grafting rather than being ascribed to graft material. One-year clinical outcome is not improved by IMA grafting.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF A FATIGUE PROTOCOL TO A DYNAMIC STABILITY SCREENING TEST FOR EXERTIONAL MEDIAL TIBIAL PAIN
Authors: R Verrelst
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background The development of accurate measurement techniques to detect risk factors for common injuries should be of concern to health care professionals. Objective To determine the contribution of a fatigue protocol to a risk factor screening test for the development of exertional medial tibial pain(EMTP). Design 3D kinematic parameters were prospectively evaluated during a single leg drop jump (SLDJ) in both non-fatigued and fatigued state. Setting: Female students in physical education were tested at the beginning of their first academic year and followed throughout 1–2 years. Participants 69 healthy female students were included in the study. Risk factor assessment Cox regression analysis was used to identify the potential risk of dynamic joint instability in the development of EMTP. Main outcome measurements It was hypothesized that dynamic joint instability in frontal and transverse plane might play a role in the development of EMTP. Results 21 subjects were diagnosed with EMTP. The results identified that for the leg at risk in non-fatigued state, only increased range of motion in the transverse plane (ROMT) of the hip during landing ( P =.002) could be identified. In the fatigued state, increased ROMT of hip ( P =.038) and pelvis ( P =.040) during landing and increased ROMT of thorax ( P =0036) during push-off could be determined. For the leg not at risk for EMTP, increased ROMT for the knee ( P =.023) during landing and decreased ROMT for the pelvis ( P =.034) during push-off were determined. These significant parameters could no longer be determined in the fatigued state. Conclusions It can be concluded that adding a fatigue protocol to the SLDJ enhances the possibility to identify the leg at risk in a predisposed female athlete and determine the proximal risk factors for that leg at risk more thoroughly.
Enhanced Genetic Instability and Dasatinib Sensitivity in Mammary Tumor Cells Lacking NEDD9
Authors: Mahendra K. Singh, Eugene Izumchenko, Andres J. Klein-Szanto, Brian L. Egleston, Marina Wolfson, Erica A. Golemis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Elevated expression of the NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L scaffolding protein promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis in multiple cancer cell types. Conversely, generation of mammary tumors in the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-polyoma virus middle T (PyVT) genetic model is delayed by a Nedd9−/− genotype. These activities arise from the role of NEDD9 in assembling complexes and supporting activity of cancer signaling proteins, including FAK, Src, Shc, and AKT, and would support evaluation of NEDD9 expression as an unambiguous biomarker for tumor aggressiveness. However, we here show that despite the initial delay in tumor growth, cells derived from MMTV-PyVT;Nedd9−/− tumors are characteristically hyperaggressive versus MMTV-PyVT;Nedd9+/+ cells in anchorage-independent growth, in growth on three-dimensional matrix produced by tumor-associated fibroblasts, and in formation of tumors after mammary orthotopic reinjection and of lung metastases after tail vein injection. This reversal suggests the specific selection of MMTV-PyVT;Nedd9−/− cells for growth in an in vivo microenvironment. Indeed, MMTV-PyVT;Nedd9−/− cells have increased cell cycle, centrosomal, and mitotic defects, phenotypes compatible with the increased selection of these cells for aggressive growth. Intriguingly, in spite of their aggressive phenotype, MMTV-PyVT;Nedd9−/− cells persistently have low levels of Src activation and are hypersensitive to the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib. These studies identify NEDD9 as a complex modulator of different aspects of mammary tumor growth. Cancer Res; 70(21); 8907–16. ©2010 AACR.
CONTRIBUTION OF NEOINTIMAL HEMORRHAGE TO IN-STENT ATHEROMA FORMATION AND AGGRESSIVE NEOINTIMAL HYPERPLASIA AFTER FIRST-GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Takahiro Imanaka, Hiroyuki Hao, Fujii Kenichi, Masahiko Shibuya, Masashi Fukunaga, Kojiro Miki, Hiroto Tamaru, Ten Saita, Tetsuo Horimatsu, Machiko Nishimura, Katsumi Oka, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Seiichi Hirota, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Longitudinal Clinical Follow-up of a Large Family With the R357P Twinkle Mutation
Authors: Carmen Paradas, Pilar Camaño, David Otaegui, Oguzhan Oz, Valentina Emmanuele, Salvatore DiMauro, Michio Hirano
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia due to PEO1 mutations is considered relatively benign, but no data about long-term progression of this disease have been reported. The aim of this study was to provide a 16-year clinical follow-up of autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia due to the p.R357P gene mutation in PEO1.Twenty-two members of an Irish-American family were examined in 1996, when PEO1 sequencing revealed a c.1071G>C/p.R357P mutation in 9 of them. We reexamined the family in 2012 using a standardized clinical protocol. Autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia due to the p.R357P PEO1 mutation is a late-onset ocular myopathy beginning with ptosis and progressing slowly. Ophthalmoparesis, if present, is mild and evident only by neurological examination.Our results are important for prognosis and genetic counseling.
Gene Copy Number Aberrations Are Associated with Survival in Histologic Subgroups of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Patrick Micke, Karolina Edlund, Lars Holmberg, Hanna Göransson Kultima, Larry Mansouri, Simon Ekman, Michael Bergqvist, Lena Scheibenflug, Kristina Lamberg, Gunnar Myrdal, Anders Berglund, Annsofie Andersson, Mats Lambe, Fredrik Nyberg, Andrew Thomas, Anders Isaksson, Johan Botling
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Bidirectional Glenn
Authors: Richard D. Mainwaring, John J. Lamberti, Karen Uzark, Robert L. Spicer
Journal: Circulation (1995)

The bidirectional Glenn (BDG) is frequently used in the staged surgical management of single ventricle patients. Controversy exists whether accessory pulmonary blood flow (APBF) sources should be left at the time of the BDG to augment systemic saturation or should be eliminated to reduce volume load of the ventricle. The present study was a retrospective review to assess the influence of APBF on outcome after the BDG.Ninety-two patients have undergone BDG at our institute during the interval from 1986 through 1994. At the time of BDG, 40 patients had either a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt or patent right ventricular outflow tract as an additional source of pulmonary blood flow. Fifty-two patients had elimination of APBF. There were three operative deaths (two with and one without APBF) and four procedures (two in each group) that failed and required subsequent revision. Thus, there were 85 patients who underwent successful operation. Effusions (defined as chest tube drainage exceeding 7 days' duration) occurred in 8 of 85 patients; this complication was seen in 7 of 36 patients (19%) with APBF and 1 of 49 patients (2%) without APBF (P < .05). There were 11 deaths, including 6 patients (17%) with APBF, 2 patients (4%) without APBF, and 3 of the patients (75%) who had a failed BDG.The data suggest that morbidity and mortality are lower in patients in whom APBF is eliminated at the time of the BDG.
The Sometimes Science of Suicidology
Authors: John C. Shershow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

During the halcyon years of the community mental-health movement in the early 1960's, "suicidology" was launched as the study of "thanatopic impulses."1 "Suicide Prevention Centers" were created across the country, using resources such as 24-hour "hot-lines," accompanied by an active program of intervention for suicidal persons. All were well publicized in the mass media. It was hoped that such efforts would move mental-health professionals out of the consultation room and hospital ward — away from the preoccupation there with survivors of suicide attempts — and toward interventions earlier in the course of self-destructiveness in persons. More recently there has been . . .
Is the hypodopaminergic hypothesis plausible as neural bases of ADHD?
Authors: Adolfo G. Sadile, Davide Viggiano
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

The “dynamic developmental theory” is based on hypofunctioning dopamine systems that follow an early overactivity phase. The theory does not consider recent experimental evidences from different attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) models and the heterogeneity of the disorder. Alternatives are proposed that integrate available information gathered from clinical and experimental studies, with theoretical constructs.
Risk of pre-eclampsia in first and subsequent pregnancies: prospective cohort study
Authors: S. Hernandez-Diaz, S. Toh, S. Cnattingius
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether pre-eclampsia is more common in first pregnancies solely because fewer affected women, who presumably have a higher risk of recurrence, go on to have subsequent pregnancies. <b>Design</b> Prospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Swedish Medical Birth Register. <b>Participants</b> 763 795 primiparous mothers who had their first births in Sweden, 1987-2004. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Pre-eclampsia. <b>Results</b> The risk of pre-eclampsia was 4.1% in the first pregnancy and 1.7% in later pregnancies overall. However, the risk was 14.7% in the second pregnancy for women who had had pre-eclampsia in their first pregnancy and 31.9% for women who had had pre-eclampsia in the previous two pregnancies. The risk for multiparous women without a history of pre-eclampsia was around 1%. The incidence of pre-eclampsia associated with delivery before 34 weeks’ gestation was 0.42% in primiparous women, 0.11% in multiparous women without a history of pre-eclampsia, and 6.8% and 12.5% in women who had had one or two previous pregnancies affected, respectively. The proportion of women who went on to have a further pregnancy was 4-5% lower after having a pregnancy with any pre-eclampsia but over 10% lower if pre-eclampsia was associated with very preterm delivery. The estimated risk of pre-eclampsia in parous women did not change with standardisation for pregnancy rates. <b>Conclusions</b> Having pre-eclampsia in one pregnancy is a poor predictor of subsequent pregnancy but a strong predictor for recurrence of pre-eclampsia in future gestations. The lower overall risk of pre-eclampsia among parous women was not explained by fewer conceptions among women who had had pre-eclampsia in a previous gestation. Early onset pre-eclampsia might be associated with a reduced likelihood of a future pregnancy and with more recurrences than late onset pre-eclampsia when there are further pregnancies. Findings are consistent with the existence of two distinct conditions: a severe recurrent early onset type affected by chronic factors, genetic or environmental, and a milder sporadic form affected by transient factors.
Mechanisms of phosphatidylserine exposure, a phagocyte recognition signal, on apoptotic T lymphocytes.
Authors: B Verhoven, R A Schlegel, P Williamson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

The appearance of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the cell surface during apoptosis in thymocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocyte cell lines provokes PS-dependent recognition by activated macrophages. Flow cytometric analysis of transbilayer lipid movements in T lymphocytes undergoing apoptosis reveals that downregulation of the adenosine triphosphate-dependent amino-phospholipid translocase and activation of a nonspecific lipid scramblase are responsible for PS reaching the surface from its intracellular location. Both mechanisms are expressed at the same time, and precede DNA degradation, zeiosis, and cell lysis in the apoptotic pathway.
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6110 and Amplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Authors: J P Dilworth, M Goyal, D B Young, R J Shaw
Journal: Thorax (1996)

BACKGROUND: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA offers the potential of a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for tuberculosis. To evaluate this technique from the clinician9s perspective, samples were collected from patients with chronic respiratory disease and the sensitivity and specificity of a newly introduced commercially available PCR kit (Amplicor) was compared with that of an established method to detect the target sequence IS6110. METHODS: Sputum or bronchial washings from patients with active tuberculosis, previously treated tuberculosis or other selected respiratory illnesses were analysed by both techniques and their sensitivity and specificity determined. RESULTS: Amplicor was more specific than IS6110 in the diagnosis of active infection (98% versus 79%). Both techniques were equally sensitive (92%). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that analysis of respiratory samples by Amplicor PCR in inner city populations of patients has greater specificity for a diagnosis of active tuberculosis than PCR for IS6110, and thus Amplicor PCR may aid the clinician in making a diagnosis of active tuberculosis.
The cause of sudden anemia revealed by the blood film
Authors: Vandana Bharadwaj, Subarna Chakravorty, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

A three and a half-year-old girl of Indian ethnic origin presented with a 2-day history of fever and sore throat. She had also been passing red urine for the previous 24 hours. Her blood count showed: white cell count 27.5 x 109/l, red cell count 2.76 x 1012/l, hemoglobin concentration 81 g/l, hematocrit 0.22 l/l, mean cell volume 80 fl, mean cell hemoglobin 29.6 pg, mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 370 g/l. The increased MCHC suggested the presence of spherocytes, irregularly contracted cells or some other hyper-dense cells. A blood film confirmed the presence of numerous spherocytes and in addition was leucoerythroblastic and showed red cell agglutination and erythrophagocytosis by neutrophils (Figures). Other neutrophils had large vacuoles, similar in size to an erythrocyte, containing amorphous debris. There were also atypical lymphocytes, which appeared reactive. Lactate dehydrogenase and bilirubin were increased. The reticulocyte count was initially normal (46 x 109/l) but subsequently rose. The combination of marked spherocytosis, red cell agglutinates and erythrophagocytosis was considered strongly suggestive of paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria (PCH) and confirmatory tests were performed. A direct antiglobulin test was positive for complement (+++) and negative for immunoglobulin (Ig) G. A Donath –Landsteiner test was positive. Red cell transfusion was required and full recovery had occurred by 3 weeks. Although the Donath-Landsteiner antibody is an IgG antibody it is usual for the direct antiglobulin test in PCH to show complement only since the antibody that binds to the cell and fixes complement in the cold detaches from the red cell membrane on warming. Confirmation of the diagnosis is by demonstration of the presence of an anti-P antibody and biphasic haemolysis. However the blood film appearances are highly characteristic and permit a rapid presumptive diagnosis.
Transmogrification of Lung: A Rare Entity of Bullous Emphysema Assessed by Perfusion Scintigraphy
Authors: Jabour Khoury, Jacqueline Jerushalmi, Adnan Zaina, Joseph Lemer, Hector Isaac Cohen, Norman Loberant
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Placental transmogrification of the lung (PTL) is a rare, benign cystic disease of the lung, first described in 1979, that occurs in association with bullous emphysema and involves a single lobe of the lung. Few cases have been reported in the medical literature. Macroscopic and histologic findings of the disease resemble those of placental villi. The pathogenesis of PTL is unknown. Most authors believe that the condition develops from or is a reaction to emphysema. Some suggest that the lesion is related to a lymphatic or vascular abnormality in emphysematous lung parenchyma. An association of the disease with pulmonary fibrochondromatous hamartomas and other pulmonary diseases has been reported. The presentation of the disease is variable and it ranges from asymptomatic to varying degrees of respiratory ailments including respiratory distress in the extreme cases. Rarely this lesion has been discovered incidentally on radiography or CT scan. Surgical resection is the usual curative treatment. The authors report the case of a 36-year-old man with a giant bulla of the upper lobe of the right lung. Microscopic examination of the resected specimen revealed the typical histologic features of placental transmogrification. The patient was assessed with quantitative perfusion lung scintigraphy both before and after lung volume reduction surgery.
5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor profile
Authors: H E CONNOR, W FENIUK, P P A HUMPHREY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor profile Get access H E CONNOR, H E CONNOR Pharmacology Division, Glaxo Group Research, Park Rd, Ware, Herts SG12 0DP, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W FENIUK, W FENIUK Pharmacology Division, Glaxo Group Research, Park Rd, Ware, Herts SG12 0DP, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P P A HUMPHREY P P A HUMPHREY Pharmacology Division, Glaxo Group Research, Park Rd, Ware, Herts SG12 0DP, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 3, March 1991, Page 263, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.3.263a Published: 01 March 1991
Botulism in Alaska, 1947 Through 1974
Authors: Mickey S. Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Since 1947, there have been 21 outbreaks of botulism in Alaska, involving 46 people with 13 deaths (28% fatality). In the last six months of 1974, there were four outbreaks. With one exception to date, type E toxin was involved in all outbreaks for which laboratory confirmation has been obtained, and in all instances, Eskimo and Indian foods were the source. Clinical signs and symptoms of nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, diplopia, dilated pupils, and dry throat occurred with great frequency, forming a diagnostic pentad. We recommend that treatment include close medical supervision, supportive care, and the use of antitoxin, cathartics, and possibly, penicillin. The source of an outbreak must be determined to prevent further cases. Only prompt recognition, therapy and epidemiologic investigation can reduce the death toll from botulism.
Ion transport during cholera-induced ileal secretion in the dog
Authors: William L. Moore, Fred A. Bieberdorf, Stephen G. Morawski, Richard A. Finkelstein, John S. Fordtran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

To assess the ion transport mechanism by which cholera causes the small bowel to secrete, ion transport rates and electrical potential difference (PD) were determined simultaneously in the normal and choleragen-treated dog ileum in vivo. The results indicate that, during cholera, HCO(3) is actively secreted (i.e., against both an electrical and a concentration gradient); Cl is also actively secreted, against a modest electrochemical gradient. Electrogenic pumping of one or both of these anions is probably responsible for an observed PD change of approximately 13 mv (lumen negative). Na secretion can be accounted for entirely by passive ion movement. K secretion can be partly explained by passive diffusion secondary to the negative intraluminal PD; however, its concentration in the secreted fluid is two to three times higher than expected on the basis of passive forces, suggesting a component of active K secretion. The PD response of the choleragen-treated ileum is normal in response to glucose, but there was no PD response to saline-free mannitol perfusion. This suggests that the normal differential permeability of the ileum to anions and cations may be altered by choleragen, although other explanations of this finding are also possible.