tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The extent of the anti-citrullinated protein antibody repertoire is associated with arthritis development in seropositive arthralgia patients
Authors: L.A.V. de Stadt, A. Horst, M. Koning, W.H. Bos, G.J.J. Wolbink, R.J.V. de Stadt, G.J.M. Pruijn, B.A.C. Dijkmans, D. van Schaardenburg, D. Hamann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are probably involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. During the course of disease epitope spreading might occur. In this study, the ACPA repertoire of arthralgia patients and the association with arthritis development were studied.

244 arthralgia patients positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies …
HYPERBARIC OXYGEN FOR CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
Authors: S.D Brown, C.A Piantadosi, DesF Gorman, J.E Fred Gilligan, DavidG Clayton, RichardA Neubauer, SheldonF Gottlieb, Jean-Claude Raphael, David Elkharrat, Marie-Claude Jars-Guincestre, Claude Chastang, Valérie Chasles, Jean-Baptiste Vercken, Philippe Gajdos
Journal: The Lancet (1989)
Total and regional cerebral blood flow during hypotension, hypertension, and hypocapnia. Effect of sympathetic denervation in dogs.
Authors: S M Mueller, D D Heistad, M L Marcus
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

This study was performed to determine whether acute or chronic sympathetic denervation increases or redistributes cerebral blood flow (CBF) during hypotension or during the action of vasoconstrictor stimuli (hypocapnia and hypertension).Left superior cervical and stellate ganglionectomy was performed in anesthetized dogs.Total and regional CBF were measured by using microspheres.In acute experiments, hemorrhagic hypotension produced a redistribution of CBF which tended to preserve blood flow to the brainstem and to cerebral gray matter.Hypertension and hypocapnia did not redistribute CBF.Blood flows were similar in the acutely denervated and nondenervated half of the brain during control conditions, hypotension, hypertension, and hypocapnia.Completeness of sympathetic denervation was demonstrated by large increases in blood flow to the masseter muscle on the denervated side.Similar studies were undertaken 6-7 days after sympathetic ganglionectomy, at which time cerebral vascular catecholamines were depleted on the denervated side: norepinephrine content in innervated and denervated middle cerebral arteries was 3.1 ± 0.5 and 0.1 ± 0.02 ng/g, respectively.Blood flows in the chronically denervated and nondenervated half of the brain were similar during control conditions and during interventions.The major new findings in this study are, first, that hypotension produces a redistribution of CBF which tends to preserve blood flow to brainstem and to cerebral gray matter, and second, that acute "or chronic sympathetic denervation does not alter distribution of CBF over a wide range of arterial pressure or during hypocapnia.
Angiogenesis and obesity
Authors: H. R. Lijnen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Development of obesity is associated with substantial modulation of adipose tissue structure, involving adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodelling. These processes require proteolytic activity, provided mainly by the fibrinolytic (plasminogen/plasmin), matrix metalloproteinase, and ADAM/ADAMTS systems. In early-stage development of adipose tissue, adipogenesis is tightly associated with angiogenesis. Thus, adipose tissue explants trigger blood vessel formation, and in turn adipose tissue endothelial cells promote pre-adipocyte differentiation. Modulation of angiogenesis and of proteolytic systems may have the potential to impair adipose tissue development.
Translational Cancer Research: Balancing Prevention and Treatment to Combat Cancer Globally
Authors: Christopher P. Wild, John R. Bucher, Bas W. D. de Jong, Joakim Dillner, Christina von Gertten, John D. Groopman, Zdenko Herceg, Elaine Holmes, Reetta Holmila, Jørgen H. Olsen, Ulrik Ringborg, Augustin Scalbert, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Martyn T. Smith, Cornelia Ulrich, Paolo Vineis, John McLaughlin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

Cancer research is drawing on the human genome project to develop new molecular-targeted treatments. This is an exciting but insufficient response to the growing, global burden of cancer, particularly as the projected increase in new cases in the coming decades is increasingly falling on developing countries. The world is not able to treat its way out of the cancer problem. However, the mechanistic insights from basic science can be harnessed to better understand cancer causes and prevention, thus underpinning a complementary public health approach to cancer control. This manuscript focuses on how new knowledge about the molecular and cellular basis of cancer, and the associated high-throughput laboratory technologies for studying those pathways, can be applied to population-based epidemiological studies, particularly in the context of large prospective cohorts with associated biobanks to provide an evidence base for cancer prevention. This integrated approach should allow a more rapid and informed translation of the research into educational and policy interventions aimed at risk reduction across a population.
Molecular basis of the dm1 mutation in the major histocompatibility complex of the mouse: a D/L hybrid gene.
Authors: Y H Sun, R S Goodenow, L Hood
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

The H-2dm1 mutation is unique among all described H-2 mutations in that two transplantation antigens, the H-2Dd and the H-2Ld, are affected. Here, we show that the mutant gene, Ddm1, is formed by fusion of the 5' part of the Dd gene and the 3' part of the Ld gene, with the region in between deleted. The recombination junction is located in the third exon, which encodes the alpha 2 region of the protein. When the hybrid gene is transfected into mouse L cells, serological and biochemical analyses indicate the Ddm1 antigen expressed in the transformant line is identical to the mutant molecule in dm1 spleen cells. These results demonstrate that the D/L hybrid gene is most likely responsible for the dm1 mutant phenotype.
Recurrent haematomas of the thigh: a case of von Willebrand's disease presenting to a sports clinic
Authors: Simon Owens, Trevor Baglin
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2000)

Von Willebrand's disease is a relatively common mild form of haemophilia. It should be suspected in assessing sports injuries when excessive bleeding occurs in response to relatively mild trauma. Those with the disease should remain active but avoid contact sports. They should not take aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which may exacerbate bleeding, and should be given supportive treatment to cover dental extraction, surgery, or significant bleeding episodes.
Indomethacin inhibits the chemical carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene but not dimethylbenz(a)anthracene from altering Langerhans cell distribution and morphology
Authors: FIONA J. ANDREWS, G.M. HALLIDAY, C.K. NARKOWICZ, H.K. MULLER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Summary Treatment of murine skin with the polyaromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene (BP) or dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) for 3 weeks resulted in an increase and a decrease in epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) numbers, respectively, compared with solvent-treated skin. Implantation of subcutaneous indomethacin pellets prior to carcinogen treatment prevented the changes in LC numbers and morphology in BP, but not DMBA-treated skin. Indomethacin treatment was also found to reduce elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE)2 levels in the skin of BP-treated mice, whereas PGE2 levels were not significantly raised in DMBA-treated mice. There thus appears to be a link between altered prostaglandin levels and LC numbers in murine skin treated with BP, but not DMBA. In the latter, LC numbers were reduced by mechanisms not reversed by indomethacin. It is concluded that increased prostaglandin levels may contribute to the impairment of cutaneous immunity previously observed in BP-treated mice by altering LC density and morphology within the epidermis.
Treatment with cisplatin and fluorouracil alternating with radiation favourably affects prognosis of inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Results of a multivariate analysis on 273 patients
Authors: M. Benasso, L. Bonelli, G. Numico, R. Corvò, G. Sanguineti, R. Rosso, V. Vitale, M. Merlano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)
Phylogenetic Relationships and Ancient Incomplete Lineage Sorting Among Cichlid Fishes in Lake Tanganyika as Revealed by Analysis of the Insertion of Retroposons
Authors: Kazuhiko Takahashi, Yohey Terai, Mutsumi Nishida, Norihiro Okada
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

Lake Tanganyika harbors numerous endemic species of extremely diverse cichlid fish that have been classified into 12 major taxonomic groups known as tribes. Analysis of short interspersed element (SINE) insertion data has been acknowledged to be a powerful tool for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships, and we applied this method in an attempt to clarify such relationships among these cichlids. We studied insertion patterns of 38 SINEs in total, 24 of which supported the monophyly of three clades. The other 14 loci revealed extensive incongruence in terms of the patterns of SINE insertions. These incongruencies most likely stem from a period of adaptive radiation. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is the extensive incomplete lineage sorting of alleles for the presence or absence of a SINE during successive speciation events which took place about 5-10 MYA. The present study is the first to report the successful application of the SINE method in demonstrating the existence of such possible "ancient" incomplete lineage sorting. We discuss the possibility that it might potentially be very difficult to resolve the species phylogeny of a group that radiated explosively, even by resolving the genealogies of more than 10 nuclear loci, as a consequence of incomplete lineage sorting during speciation.
Epidemiology and prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): a review
Authors: A. Delvigne
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2002)

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or during early pregnancy. Fortunately, the reported prevalence of the severe form of OHSS is small, ranging from 0.5 to 5%. Nevertheless, as this is an iatrogenic complication of a non-vital treatment with a potentially fatal outcome, the syndrome remains a serious problem for specialists dealing with infertility. The aim of this literature review was to determine whether it is possible to identify patients at risk, and which preventive method should be applied when an exaggerated ovarian response occurs. Data pertaining to the epidemiology and prevention of OHSS in women were searched using Medline, Current Contents and PubMed, and are summarized. Preventive strategies attempt either to limit the dose or concentration of hCG or to find a way to induce luteolysis without inducing a detrimental effect on endometrial and oocyte quality. The following particular preventive strategies were reviewed: cancelling the cycle; coasting; early unilateral ovarian follicular aspiration (EUFA); modifying the methods of ovulation triggering; administration of glucocorticoids, macromolecules and progesterone; cryopreservation of all embryos; and electrocautery or laser vaporization of one or both ovaries.
A protective role of gamma/delta T cells in primary infection with Listeria monocytogenes in mice.
Authors: K Hiromatsu, Y Yoshikai, G Matsuzaki, S Ohga, K Muramori, K Matsumoto, J A Bluestone, K Nomoto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

We have previously reported that T cells bearing T cell receptors (TCRs) of gamma/delta type appear at a relatively early stage of primary infection with Listeria monocytogenes in mice. To characterize the early-appearing gamma/delta T cells during listeriosis, we analyzed the specificity and cytokine production of the gamma/delta T cells in the peritoneal cavity in mice inoculated intraperitoneally with a sublethal dose of L. monocytogenes. The early-appearing gamma/delta T cells, most of which were of CD4-CD8- phenotype, proliferated and secreted IFN-gamma and macrophage chemotactic factor in response to purified protein derivative from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or recombinant 65-kD heat-shock protein derived from M. bovis but not to heat-killed Listeria. To further elucidate the potential role of the gamma/delta T cells in the host-defense mechanism against primary infection with Listeria, we examined the effects of in vivo administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against TCR-gamma/delta or TCR-alpha/beta on the bacterial eradication in mice infected with Listeria. Most of alpha/beta T cells or gamma/delta T cells were depleted in the peripheral lymphoid organs at least for 12 d after an intraperitoneal injection of 200 micrograms TCR-alpha/beta mAb or 200 micrograms TCR-gamma/delta mAb, respectively. An exaggerated bacterial multiplication was evident at the early stage of listerial infection in the gamma/delta T cells-depleted mice, whereas the alpha/beta T cell-depleted mice exhibited much the same resistance level as the control mice at this stage although the resistance was severely impaired at the late stage after listerial infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thalamus in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Ulrich Ettinger, Xavier A. Chitnis, Veena Kumari, Dominic G. Fannon, Alex L. Sumich, Séamus O’Ceallaigh, Victor C. Doku, Tonmoy Sharma
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: There is some evidence of thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia. This study investigated thalamic volumes in patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis and nonpsychotic comparison subjects. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained for 38 patients and 29 comparison subjects. Patients' symptoms were rated by research psychiatrists using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. RESULTS: Thalamic volumes were smaller in patients than in comparison subjects. There were no significant correlations between thalamic volumes and symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS: Thalamic abnormalities are present close to the onset of psychosis.
Multidrug Resistance Decreases with Mutations of Melanosomal Regulatory Genes
Authors: Tong Xie, Thuyen Nguyen, Melanie Hupe, Maria L. Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Whereas resistance to chemotherapy has long impeded effective treatment of metastatic melanoma, the mechanistic basis of this resistance remains unknown. One possible mechanism of drug resistance is alteration of intracellular drug distribution either by drug efflux or sequestration into intracellular organelles. Melanomas, as well as primary melanocytes from which they arise, have intracellular organelles, called melanosomes, wherein the synthesis and storage of the pigment melanin takes place. In this study, comparisons of congenic cells with and without functional molecules regulating melanosome formation show that sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agent cis-diaminedichloroplatinum II (cis-platin) significantly increases with the mutation of genes regulating melanosome formation, concomitant disruption of melanosome morphology, and loss of mature melanosomes. Absence of the melanosomal structural protein gp100/Pmel17 causes increased cis-platin sensitivity. Independent mutations in three separate genes that regulate melanosome biogenesis (Dtnbp1, Pldn, Vps33a) also result in increased cis-platin sensitivity. In addition, a mutation of the gene encoding the integral melanosomal protein tyrosinase, resulting in aberrant melanosome formation, also causes increased cis-platin sensitivity. Furthermore, sensitivity to agents in other chemotherapeutic classes (e.g., vinblastine and etoposide) also increased with the mutation of Pldn. In contrast, a mutation in another melanosomal regulatory gene, Hps1, minimally affects melanosome biogenesis, preserves the formation of mature melanosomes, and has no effect on cis-platin or vinblastine response. Together, these data provide the first direct evidence that melanosomal regulatory genes influence drug sensitivity and that the presence of mature melanosomes likely contributes to melanoma resistance to therapy. [Cancer Res 2009;69(3):992–9]
Metachronous colorectal cancer risk for mismatch repair gene mutation carriers: the advantage of more extensive colon surgery
Authors: S. Parry, A. K. Win, B. Parry, F. A. Macrae, L. C. Gurrin, J. M. Church, J. A. Baron, G. G. Giles, B. A. Leggett, I. Winship, L. Lipton, G. P. Young, J. P. Young, C. J. Lodge, M. C. Southey, P. A. Newcomb, L. Le Marchand, R. W. Haile, N. M. Lindor, S. Gallinger, J. L. Hopper, M. A. Jenkins
Journal: Gut (2010)

Background Surgical management of colon cancer for patients with Lynch syndrome who carry a mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation is controversial. The decision to remove more or less of the colon involves the consideration of a relatively high risk of metachronous colorectal cancer (CRC) with the impact of more extensive surgery. Objective To estimate and compare the risks of metachronous CRC for patients with Lynch syndrome undergoing either segmental or extensive (subtotal or total) resection for first colon cancer. Design Risk of metachronous CRC was estimated for 382 MMR gene mutation carriers (172 MLH1 , 167 MSH2 , 23 MSH6 and 20 PMS2 ) from the Colon Cancer Family Registry, who had surgery for their first colon cancer, using retrospective cohort analysis. Age-dependent cumulative risks of metachronous CRC were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Risk factors for metachronous CRC were assessed by a Cox proportional hazards regression. Results None of 50 subjects who had extensive colectomy was diagnosed with metachronous CRC (incidence rate 0.0; 95% CI 0.0 to 7.2 per 1000 person-years). Of 332 subjects who had segmental resections, 74 (22%) were diagnosed with metachronous CRC (incidence rate 23.6; 95% CI 18.8 to 29.7 per 1000 person-years). For those who had segmental resections, incidence was statistically higher than for those who had extensive surgery ( P <0.001). Cumulative risk of metachronous CRC was 16% (95% CI 10% to 25%) at 10 years, 41% (95% CI 30% to 52%) at 20 years and 62% (95% CI 50% to 77%) at 30 years after segmental colectomy. Risk of metachronous CRC reduced by 31% (95% CI 12% to 46%; p=0.002) for every 10 cm of bowel removed. Conclusions Patients with Lynch syndrome with first colon cancer treated with more extensive colonic resection have a lower risk of metachronous CRC than those receiving less extensive surgery. This finding will better inform decision-making about the extent of primary surgical resection.
Meeting Report for Basic Cardiovascular Sciences 2011 Scientific Sessions: From Concept to Clinic: Leading Cardiovascular Translational Science
Authors: Junichi Sadoshima, Joshua M. Hare
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

to 21, 2011 in New Orleans, Louisiana.The theme of the conference for this year was "From Concept to Clinic: Leading Cardiovascular Translational Science."The conference gathered 526 attendants, a record number for the BCVS summer conference, from 26 countries.Among them, 280 were either students or early career investigators.There were 74 oral presentations and 352 poster presentations, which were also record numbers for the past 8 BCVS meetings.The sessions were designed around the common theme of translating the most exciting and advanced basic science to further the understanding of disease pathophysiology with an eye toward novel therapeutic approaches.Here, we will briefly highlight some presentations and new features of the BCVS 2011 Scientific Sessions.The opening session was kicked off by plenary lectures given by the pioneers of several hot spots in cardiovascular research.Dr Eric Olson (University of Texas Southwestern) discussed recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of heart regeneration in mice.Dr Olson found that the regenerative activity of cardiomyocytes declines after birth when miR-195, a member of the miR-15 family, is highly upregulated.RISC RNA sequencing showed that miR-195 targets a number of cell cycle genes, including checkpoint kinase.Cardiomyocyte proliferation is upregulated when the miR-15 family is downregulated by anti-miRNAs treatment.The meeting featured an additional entire session on miRNA biology and translational science.Dr Jeffery Molkentin (Cincinnati Children's Hospital) discussed the property of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore that regulates apoptosis and necrosis.He reported the intriguing observation that mitochondria lacking Bax/Bak do not swell but the inner mitochondrial membrane can reorganize, and permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane, by any means, can restore their ability to swell and induce necrosis.Based on these observations, he proposed revised models of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, whose activity is regulated independently by the inner and outer membrane complexes.
Finding a Place for Tumor-specific T Cells in Targeted Cancer Therapy
Authors: Stanley R. Riddell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

A goal in cancer therapeutics is to develop targeted modalities that distinguish malignant from normal cells. T cells can discriminate diseased cells based on subtle alterations in peptides displayed in association with MHC molecules at the cell surface. Recent success using the adoptive transfer of tumor-specific T cells has fueled optimism that this approach may find a place as a targeted therapy for some human cancers.
CLINICAL AND ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOLLOWING ELECTROSHOCK
Authors: LORNE D. PROCTOR, JOHN E. GOODWIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

Electroencephalographic observations have been made on 129 patients approximately half of whom received convulsant therapy by means of alternating current and the other half by means of unidirectional fluctuating current. 1. It was found that there was a significant increase in the occurrence of cortical slow wave formation in the group receiving alternating current compared with the group receiving unidirectional fluctuating current. 2. The group receiving unidirectional fluctuating current showed a differential slow wave response. The full remissions did not exhibit severe cerebral dysrhythmia. The social remissions showed much less cortical slow wave activity than the group requiring continued mental hospital care. Therefore, the appearance of cortical dysrhythmia following electroshock by unidirectional fluctuating current has prognostic value. In addition to the patients treated in the research unit of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital under the Supervision of Dr. C. B. Farrar, the above series includes patients from the Neuro-psychiatric Clinic of the Toronto Western Hospital by permission of Dr. H. K. Detweiler, physician-in-chief, and patients from the Ontario Hospital, New Toronto under the care of Dr. N. L. Easton and the supervision of Dr. T. D. Cumberland. We wish to express our appreciation to Mr. M. Wyand, radio technician of the research unit, for his valuable assistance in obtaining the electroencephalographic data presented.
A novel CBFA2 single-nucleotide mutation in familial platelet disorder with propensity to develop myeloid malignancies
Authors: Arjan Buijs, Pino Poddighe, Richard van Wijk, Wouter van Solinge, Eric Borst, Leo Verdonck, Anton Hagenbeek, Peter Pearson, Henk Lokhorst
Journal: Blood (2001)