tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of HIV-1 Syncytium-inducing Phenotype
Authors: Michael J. Kozal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 May 1994Prevalence of HIV-1 Syncytium-inducing PhenotypeMichael J. Kozal, MD, Rani V. Ramachandran, MD, and Robert W. Shafer, MDMichael J. Kozal, MDStanford University Medical Center; Stanford, CA 94305Search for more papers by this author, Rani V. Ramachandran, MDStanford University Medical Center; Stanford, CA 94305Search for more papers by this author, and Robert W. Shafer, MDStanford University Medical Center; Stanford, CA 94305Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-9-199405010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Koot and colleagues [1] reported that patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 syncytium-inducing phenotype strains were more likely to progress to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) than were patients with non-syncytium-inducing strains. Also, emergence of syncytium-inducing variants was associated with an accelerated CD4 cell decline, but it was not clear whether the relation was causal.We agreed that it was important to know the prevalence of the syncytium-inducing phenotype, especially in patients enrolled in clinical trials, to guard against potential confounding by biased allocation of syncytium- and non-syncytium-inducing phenotypes. Consequently, we did a cross-sectional ...References1. Koot M, Keet IP, Vos AH, de Goede RY, Roos MT, Coutinho RA, et al. Prognostic value of HIV-1 syncytium-inducing phenotype for rate of CD4+ cell depletion and progression to AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:681-8. Google Scholar2. Koot M, Vos AH, Keet RP, de Goede RE, Dercksen MW, Terpstra FG, et al. HIV-1 biological phenotype in long-term infected individuals, evaluated with an MT-2 cocultivation assay. AIDS. 1992; 6:49-54. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stanford University Medical Center; Stanford, CA 94305 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPhase II Study of Vicriviroc versus Efavirenz (both with Zidovudine/Lamivudine) in Treatment‐Naive Subjects with HIV‐1 InfectionFluorescence-Based Quantitative Methods for Detecting Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Induced SyncytiaEvidence for a role of T-helper type 2 cytokines in the acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus syncytium-inducing phenotypeAssociation of syncytium-inducing phenotype of HIV-1 with CD4 cell count, viral load and sociodemographic characteristics 1 May 1994Volume 120, Issue 9Page: 811KeywordsAIDSClinical trialsDrugsHIVHIV infectionsHIV-1Phenotypes Issue Published: 1 May 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Effect of Point-of-Care on Maintenance of Glycemic Control as Measured by A1C
Authors: John R. Petersen, Jane B. Finley, Anthony O. Okorodudu, Amin A. Mohammad, James J. Grady, Mandeep Bajaj
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Although most diabetes management guidelines (1–3) suggest that physicians measure A1C, it is extremely difficult to have results available before a physician’s evaluation of the patient. As such, point-of-care (POC) A1C is thought to be useful since it is assumed that rapid result availability will enhance diabetes care by increasing education and ensuring appropriate changes to therapy while the patient is being evaluated by a physician. This is indicated by a number of studies (4–7) that have found that POC was associated with a significant reduction in A1C. These studies, however, followed patients for <12 months, and the impact of POC A1C beyond the study period was not addressed. Recently, it was reported that the availability of POC A1C had no impact on the management of diabetic patients (8), and the lack of an effect could be explained by the fact that active treatment was based on achieving blood glucose rather than A1C targets or, possibly, the poor precision of the specific POC A1C method used (9). In 2001, the University of Texas Medical Branch opened the Stark Diabetes Center to give specialized diabetes care. After the 1st year, POC A1C testing was introduced, allowing us to conduct a cross-sectional retrospective study to determine what, if any, impact POC testing had on A1C levels over the subsequent 3.5 years.

In a retrospective cross-sectional study approved by the institutional review board, we searched a …
Menopause and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: TAVIA GORDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

A rise in coronary heart disease incidence after menopause and a dramatic increase in the severity of the presenting disease are noted in a cohort of 2873 Framingham women who were followed up for 24 years. No premenopausal woman developed a myocardial infarction or died of coronary heart disease. Such events were common in postmenopausal women. Even in women under age 55, 40% of the postmenopausal coronary heart disease presented in these more serious forms, whether menopause was natural or surgical. The contrast was especially marked in the age group 40 to 44 years. In the age groups 45 to 49 and 50 to 54 years, incidence rates in menopausal and postmenopausal intervals were more than double those in premenopausal intervals, whether menopause was natural or surgical. In surgical menopause there was excess incidence whether the ovaries were removed or not. Postmenopausal women on hormones had a doubled risk of coronary heart disease.
Faciogenital Dysplasia Protein Fgd1 Regulates Invadopodia Biogenesis and Extracellular Matrix Degradation and Is Up-regulated in Prostate and Breast Cancer
Authors: Inmaculada Ayala, Giada Giacchetti, Giusi Caldieri, Francesca Attanasio, Stefania Mariggiò, Stefano Tetè, Roman Polishchuk, Vincent Castronovo, Roberto Buccione
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Invadopodia are proteolytically active membrane protrusions that extend from the ventral surface of invasive tumoral cells grown on an extracellular matrix (ECM). The core machinery controlling invadopodia biogenesis is regulated by the Rho GTPase Cdc42. To understand the upstream events regulating invadopodia biogenesis, we investigated the role of Fgd1, a Cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Loss of Fgd1 causes the rare inherited human developmental disease faciogenital dysplasia. Here, we show that Fgd1 is required for invadopodia biogenesis and ECM degradation in an invasive cell model and functions by modulation of Cdc42 activation. We also find that Fgd1 is expressed in human prostate and breast cancer as opposed to normal tissue and that expression levels matched tumor aggressiveness. Our findings suggest a central role for Fgd1 in the focal degradation of the ECM in vitro and, for the first time, show a connection between Fgd1 and cancer progression, proposing that it might function during tumorigenesis.
Clopidogrel and the Reduced-Function CYP2C19 Genetic Variant
Authors: Valentin Fuster, Joseph M. Sweeny
Journal: JAMA (2010)

FFECTIVE PLATELET INHIBITION HAS BECOME A CORnerstone in the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The addition of clopidogrel to aspirin has provided significant reductions in major cardiovascular events in patients with ACS in general, and particularly among those treated invasively by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). 1 Yet studies have demonstrated that the therapeutic response of clopidogrel is variable among patients, 2 and low or incomplete platelet inhibition has been associated with increased risk
Time Study of an Internship on a University Medical Service
Authors: Henry E. Payson, Eugene C. Gaenslen, Fred L. Stargardter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

RESPONSIBILITY for full patient management is first assumed by most doctors in the United States during their internship. Many of the procedural routines and clinical methods learned at that time become the foundation of the standards and technics of their future practice. Probably every person connected with a training service has some ideas of how interns spend their time, and many of how they should, but so far as we know, there are no published accounts of actual time studies such as industry has used in improving its technics and standards. In May, 1959, we made a ten-day time study . . .
Assessment of disability caused by rheumatic diseases in general practice.
Authors: F M Sullivan, R C Eagers, K Lynch, J H Barber
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

At present general practitioners lack a tool for defining the level of disability of individual patients and groups of patients with arthritis. An assessment technique (health assessment questionnaire) developed in the United States is described, and its use in general practice evaluated. Sixty two patients agreed to be visited at home to compare their observed abilities when performing the tasks of the health assessment questionnaire. The health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) is easily understood and takes patients only 10-15 minutes to complete. The numerical scores (range 0-3) for disability obtained on the postal questionnaire are close to the observed scores when patients are visited at home.
Presence of fluticasone propionate on human nasal mucosal surface and in human nasal tissue over a period of 24 h after intranasal application
Authors: U. Bonsmann, C. Bachert, K‐W. Delank, P. Rohdewald
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Once-daily use of nasally applied glucocorticoids was demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The aim of the study was to measure concentrations of fluticasone propionate (FP) in nasal secretion and nasal tissue over a period of 1 day after a single application of 100 microg FP.Twenty-six patients applied nasal FP spray at different time intervals before surgery. Cotton swabs, used to clean the mucosal surface, and resected nasal tissue were extracted. FP concentrations were determined by RIA.FP was found in nasal secretions in concentrations from 15 to 1 microg/g over a period of 20 h, and in nasal tissue in concentrations from 200 to 13 ng/g up to 24 h after the single application.The long-persisting high concentrations of FP provide the pharmacokinetic basis for once-daily treatment.
Lactate Accumulation in Withdrawal Syndromes of the Alcoholic.
Authors: Carlo H. Tamburro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Lactate Accumulation in Withdrawal Syndromes of the Alcoholic.Carlo H. Tamburro, M.D., Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Carlo H. Tamburro, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1104_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPatients with delirium tremens (DTs) exhibit reduced cerebral oxidative metabolism reflected in an increase of spinal fluid lactate (Clin. Res. 16: 353, 1968). Studies were undertaken to determine the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of this finding in withdrawal syndromes of the alcoholic. Lactate, pyruvate, thiamine, magnesium, and oxygen were measured in blood and spinal fluid before, during, and after various treatment regimens in 15 nonalcoholics with and without delirium and 45 alcoholics (10 with normal mentation, 6 with psychiatric disease not due to alcoholism, 8 with early-phase DTs, 12 with full-blown DTs, and 9 in recovery-phase DTs). Nonalcoholics and alcoholics... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Carlo H. Tamburro, M.D.; Carroll M. Leevy, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: East Orange, New Jersey PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1104-1105KeywordsAlcoholicsAlcoholismBloodDeliriumDelirium tremensLactatesMagnesiumOxygenPyruvateThiamine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Superficial sebaceous hyperplasia of the areolae
Authors: M.D. Hammehton, A.B. Shrank
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Superficial sebaceous hyperplasia of the areolae Get access M.D. Hammehton, M.D. Hammehton Department of Dermatology, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital Shrewsbury. Shropshire SY3 8XT. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.B. Shrank A.B. Shrank Department of Dermatology, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital Shrewsbury. Shropshire SY3 8XT. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 5, 1 November 1993, Pages 649–650, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00511.x Published: 01 November 1993
Exogenous Hematopoietic Stem Cells Can Regenerate Infarcted Myocardium
Authors: Donald Orlic, Jan Kajstura, Stefano Chimenti, Baosheng Li, Stacie Anderson, David Bodine, James Pickel, Annarosa Leri, Bernardo Nadal-Ginard, Piero Anversa
Journal: Circulation (2000)
Identification of categories at risk for high quality of life impairment in patients with vitiligo
Authors: F. Sampogna, D. Raskovic, L. Guerra, C. Pedicelli, S. Tabolli, L. Leoni, L. Alessandroni, D. Abeni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Identification of categories at risk for high quality of life impairment in patients with vitiligo Get access F. Sampogna, F. Sampogna Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Raskovic, D. Raskovic Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Guerra, L. Guerra Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Pedicelli, C. Pedicelli 7th Dermatological Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI‐IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Tabolli, S. Tabolli Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Leoni, L. Leoni Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Alessandroni, L. Alessandroni Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Abeni D. Abeni Health Services Research Unit, 2nd Dermatological Unit Correspondence: Damiano Abeni. E‐mail: d.abeni@idi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 2, 1 August 2008, Pages 351–359, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08678.x Published: 01 August 2008
Ablation of the murine alpha myosin heavy chain gene leads to dosage effects and functional deficits in the heart.
Authors: W K Jones, I L Grupp, T Doetschman, G Grupp, H Osinska, T E Hewett, G Boivin, J Gulick, W A Ng, J Robbins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The alpha-myosin heavy chain (alpha-MyHC) is the major contractile protein expressed in the myocardium of adult mice. We have produced mice carrying a null mutation of alpha-MyHC by homologous recombination in murine ES cells. Homozygous null animals die between 11 and 12 d in utero of gross heart defects, while alpha-MyHC+/- heterozygotes survive and appear externally normal. The presence of a single functional alpha-MyHC+ allele in heterozygous animals results in reduced levels of the transcript and protein as well as fibrosis and alterations in sarcomeric structure. Examination of heart function using a working heart preparation revealed severe impairment of both contractility and relaxation in a subset of the alpha-MyHC+/- animals. Thus, two alpha-MyHC+ alleles are necessary for normal cardiac development, and hemizygosity for the normal allele can result in altered cardiac function.
Bush signs law to protect US from bioterrorism
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

President George Bush last week signed into law Project BioShield to protect Americans against biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear attack. He did this a day before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States delivered its final report. The commission found missed opportunities to intercept one or more of the hijackers who attacked the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001.

President Bush first proposed the project in his state of the union address in February 2003.

Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, Tommy Thompson, said, “With the signing of the BioShield legislation, President Bush has improved our nation's …
The surgeon's job: how should we assess the trainee?
Authors: D. I Rowley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Operative surgery is a learned skill. Although some individuals are more talented than others, any intelligent, well motivated and well coordinated person can do it if properly instructed. The technical act of an operation is seldom what gets surgeons into trouble. More likely sources of criticism are matters of judgment, working relationships with colleagues and (most commonly) communication—all these in the nebulous area of 'professionalism'. When we seek to assess a surgical trainee, how can the complex mix of skills and attitudes be fairly judged?
Zirconium-89-Trastuzumab Positron Emission Tomography As a Tool to Solve a Clinical Dilemma in a Patient With Breast Cancer
Authors: Sietske B.M. Gaykema, Adrienne H. Brouwers, Sjoerd Hovenga, Marjolijn N. Lub-de Hooge, Elizabeth G.E. de Vries, Caroline P. Schröder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Case ReportA 34-year-old woman was diagnosed with two right-sided primary breast cancers.One tumor was 10 cm in diameter, histologic grade 3, and negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), whereas the other tumor was 6.5 cm in diameter, grade 3, and ER positive, PgR negative, and HER2 positive.Standard workup revealed no metastases.The primary treatment of the patient consisted of a right-sided mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection.This dissection showed tumor involvement in 11 of 14 lymph nodes.Adjuvant treatment consisted of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by trastuzumab combined with paclitaxel.Thereafter, trastuzumab monotherapy was continued for 1 year.Chemotherapy was followed by treatment with tamoxifen and leuprorelin.Two years after the diagnosis, during a routine checkup, the serum cancer antigen 15.3 level was increased to 70 kU/L.Physical examination of the patient was unremarkable.On computed tomography (CT) scan, dissemination analysis showed a large mediastinal mass and a small liver lesion, although no lesions were present on the bone scan.To determine which primary tumor had metastasized, a biopsy of the liver lesion was performed, which showed no tumor cells on histologic examination.To obtain tissue of the mediastinal lesion, a mediastinoscopy was required.Therefore, the patient was referred to our hospital to assess the HER2 status of the tumor noninvasively by means of zirconium-89-trastuzumab ( 89 Zr-trastuzumab) positron emitting tomography (PET) imaging.The procedure was carried out as described earlier, with acquisition of the PET images 4 days after intravenous administration of 37 MBq 89 Zr-trastuzumab (protein dose 50 mg). 1 The PET scan showed uptake in the mediastinal mass, lymph nodes in the neck region level 4 on both sides and level 3 on the right side, and sacral spine (Fig 1).No liver lesions were detected.It was concluded from the 89 Zr-trastuzumab PET scan that the metastatic process was HER2 positive.Given the progression during hormonal treatment and the large mediastinal mass, tamoxifen treatment was temporarily discontinued, and chemotherapy was initiated.The patient received three cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide followed by three cycles of paclitaxel and trastuzumab.Thereafter, the CT scan showed a partial tumor response, and trastuzumab was continued in combination with the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole.
Subcutaneous Sumatriptan in Acute Migraine-Reply
Authors: Roger K. Cady
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Korenfeld raises the question of whether visual disturbances associated with subcutaneous sumatriptan could have resulted from relative ischemia secondary to posterior ciliary artery or central renal artery vasoconstriction. When we reviewed the patients who were experiencing visual difficulties, we noted that seven of the 734 sumatriptan-treated patients had true visual disturbances. These complaints generally began minutes after the subcutaneous injection of sumatriptan and resolved within several minutes to 1 hour. In only a single patient who received a second dose of sumatriptan was the visual disturbance duplicated by the second injection. No long-term visual complaints were noted except in a single patient who had blurred vision in one eye, which began several hours after the sumatriptan injection, and a subsequent ophthalmologic evaluation concluded that this problem was secondary to her severe myopia and not to sumatriptan. Whether the posterior ciliary artery or the central retinal artery has
Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus with renal insufficiency.
Authors: Y K Seedat
Journal: BMJ (1973)

despite vaccination and a good "take," can develop modified smallpox.With regard to the question of severe chickenpox versus smallpox, I think it is sensible and wise to err on the wrong side and regard all severe cases of chickenpox as potential cases of smallpox until proved otherwise.In such situations, in my ex- perience, mapping of the lesions on a ohart and comparing it with Langer's lines2 as shown in the accompanying figure has been found very useful, as the distribution of lesions in chickenpox follows the Langer's lines very closely, whereas those of smallpox do not.Lastly, with regard to laboratory diagnosis I think agar-gel diffusion based on antigen and antibody reaction, a test devised by Dumbell and Nizamuddin,3 has proved outstandingly successful, giving reliable, rapid results in about six hours.-Iam, etc.,
Membranous Glomerulopathy and Nephrotic Syndrome After Captopril Therapy
Authors: Benjamin C. Sturgill
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Membranous glomerulopathy and proteinuria have occurred in patients receiving captopril for hypertension. In this case of captopril-associated nephrotic syndrome, a pretreatment biopsy specimen showed normal histologic appearance and glomerular ultrastructure. A posttreatment biopsy specimen showed membranous glomerulopathy. It seems likely that captopril caused the membraneous glomerulopathy.
Treatment of the Agitated Patient With an Organic Brain Disorder
Authors: Michael A. Fauman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Agitated patients with organic brain disorders represent relatively common diagnostic and management problems. Therapeutic failures usually result from a failure to understand the patient's disturbed behavior, the staff's emotional response to the patient's behavior, or neglect of the biological cause and ineffective use of medication. Effective management depends on continued monitoring of the patient's mental status and physical condition. (<i>JAMA</i>240:380-382, 1978)
A phase II trial of tipifarnib in myelofibrosis: primary, post-polycythemia vera and post-essential thrombocythemia
Authors: R A Mesa, J K Camoriano, S M Geyer, W Wu, S H Kaufmann, C E Rivera, C Erlichman, J Wright, A Pardanani, T Lasho, C Finke, C Y Li, A Tefferi
Journal: Leukemia (2007)