tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a new visa questionnaire (VISA-H) for patients with proximal hamstring tendinopathy
Authors: Angelo Cacchio, Fosco De Paulis, Nicola Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background There is a need for a patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaire to evaluate patients with proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT). Objective To develop a PRO questionnaire based on VISA questionnaire forms for patients with PHT. Methods Item generation, item reduction, item scaling and evaluation of the psychometric properties were used to develop a questionnaire to assess the severity of symptoms, function and ability to play sports in patients with PHT and healthy subjects. The final version, named Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Proximal Hamstring Tendons (VISA-H), consisted of eight questions that measured the domains of pain, function and sporting activity. The psychometric properties of a questionnaire were estimated in a population of non-surgical (n=20) and surgical (n=10) patients, as well as in healthy subjects (n=30). Results The VISA-H questionnaire displayed a high degree of internal consistency, with a Cronbach α of 0.84. (The test–retest reliability was high for all groups of participants with an intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.90 to 0.95.) The VISA-H exhibited a high correlation with the Nirschl phase rating scale (r ranging from −0.75 to −0.89) and a generic tendon grading system proposed by Curwin and Stanish (r ranging from −0.70 to −0.88). Also, the responsiveness was higher for the VISA-H questionnaire with an area under the curve of 0.90 and a minimum clinically important difference of 22 points. Conclusions The VISA-H is a PRO questionnaire with high psychometric properties for measuring pain, function and sporting activity in patients with PHT.
Emotions in Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia During Evaluation With Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Sergio Paradiso, Nancy C. Andreasen, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Daniel S. O’Leary, G. Leonard Watkins, Laura L. Boles Ponto, Richard D. Hichwa
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

Schizophrenia is currently conceptualized as a disease of functional neural connectivity, leading to symptoms that affect aspects of mental activity, including perception, attention, memory, and emotion. The neural substrates of its emotional components have not been extensively studied with functional neuroimaging. Previous neuroimaging studies have examined medicated patients with schizophrenia. The authors measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during performance of a task that required unmedicated patients to recognize the emotional valence of visual images and to determine whether they were pleasant or unpleasant.The authors examined rCBF in 17 healthy volunteers and 18 schizophrenia patients who had not received antipsychotic medications for at least 3 weeks during responses to pleasant and unpleasant visual stimuli. Areas of relative increases or decreases in rCBF were measured by using the [(15)O]H(2)O method.When patients consciously evaluated the unpleasant images, they did not activate the phylogenetically older fear-danger recognition circuit (e.g., the amygdala) used by the healthy volunteers, although they correctly rated them as unpleasant. Likewise, the patients showed no activation in areas of the prefrontal cortex normally used to recognize the images as pleasant and were unable to recognize them as such. Areas of decreased CBF were widely distributed and comprised subcortical regions such as the thalamus and cerebellum.This failure of the neural systems used to support emotional attribution is consistent with pervasive problems in experiencing emotions by schizophrenia patients. The widely distributed nature of the abnormalities suggests the importance of subcortical nodes in overall dysfunctional connectivity.
Constrictive Pericarditis in 26 Patients With Histologically Normal Pericardial Thickness
Authors: Deepak R. Talreja, William D. Edwards, Gordon K. Danielson, Hartzell V. Schaff, A. Jamil Tajik, Henry D. Tazelaar, Jerome F. Breen, Jae K. Oh
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Traditionally, increased pericardial thickness has been considered an essential diagnostic feature of constrictive pericarditis. Although constriction with a normal-thickness pericardium has been demonstrated clinically by noninvasive imaging, the details of clinicopathological correlates have not been described. Methods and Results— A total of 143 patients with proven constriction underwent pericardiectomy at Mayo Clinic between 1993 and 1999. Their baseline characteristics, operative data, and pathological specimens were reviewed retrospectively. The pericardium was of normal thickness (≤2 mm) in 26 patients (18%; group 1) and was thickened (&gt;2 mm) in 117 (82%; group 2). The most common causes of constriction in group 1 included previous cardiac surgery, chest irradiation, previous infarction, and idiopathic disease. There was little difference in symptoms and findings on physical examination between the 2 groups. Microscopically, no patient had an entirely normal pericardium. Histopathological abnormalities in group 1 were mild and focal, including fibrosis, inflammation, calcification, fibrin deposition, and focal noncaseating granulomas. Pericardiectomy was equally effective in relieving symptoms regardless of the presence or absence of increased thickness. Conclusions— Pericardial thickness was not increased in 18% of patients with surgically proven constrictive pericarditis, although the histopathological appearance was focally abnormal in all cases. When clinical, echocardiographic, or invasive hemodynamic features indicate constriction in patients with heart failure, pericardiectomy should not be denied on the basis of normal thickness as demonstrated by noninvasive imaging.
Propofol sedation for EBUS-TBNA in flexible bronchoscopy
Authors: Peter Grendelmeier, Jean-Marie Tschopp, Martin Brutsche, Florian Charbonnier, Jean-Georges Frey, Tino Schneider, Jean-Marie Schnyder, Michael Tamm, Daiana Stolz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Propofol has been established as a reliable method for conscious sedation in flexible bronchoscopy, but there are scarce data on its safety in EBUS-TBNA.

Methods: EBUS-TBNA was performed under propofol sedation administered by trained endoscopy personnel in 3 pulmonary centers in Switzerland between 2009 and 2012. Minor and major adverse events were prospectively documented.

Results: Data of 783 patients (63 ± 12.4 years, 67 % male) were analyzed. The mean duration of the procedure was 38.9 min (± 23.3). Mean propofol dose was 364 mg (± 161). Minor adverse events included SaO2 < 90 % in 22 % and hypotension (syst BP < 100 mmHg) in 53 % patients. The intervention had to be aborted in 3 cases (0.38 %). Transient ventilatory support during flexible bronchoscopy was required in 4 cases (0.51 %) - 3 bag ventilation, 1 endotracheal intubation. There was neither need for ICU transfer nor death.

Conclusions: Propofol sedation for flexible bronchoscopy with EBUS is feasible and safe if a properly trained endoscopy team is involved.
Current evidence on surgery, systemic methotrexate and expectant management in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: F. Mol, B.W. Mol, W.M. Ankum, F. van der Veen, P.J. Hajenius
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2008)

To evaluate the effectiveness of surgery, medical treatment and expectant management of tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) in terms of treatment success (i.e. complete elimination of trophoblast tissue), financial costs and future fertility. We searched for randomized controlled trials which described treatment interventions that have been widely adopted in clinical practice. A systemic literature search identified 15 trials. Laparoscopic salpingostomy was significantly less successful than the open surgical approach (relative risk, RR 0.9, 95% CI 0.82–0.99) due to a higher persistent trophoblast rate, but was significantly less costly. A prophylactic single shot methotrexate (MTX), given intramuscularly (i.m.) immediately post-operatively, significantly reduced persistent trophoblast after laparoscopic salpingostomy (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.98, number needed to treat of 10). With systemic MTX in a fixed multiple dose i.m. regimen the likelihood of treatment success was higher than with laparoscopic salpingostomy (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.93–1.43), but the difference was not significant. Systemic MTX in a fixed multiple dose i.m. regimen was only cost–effective if serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) concentrations were <3000 IU/l. If serum hCG concentrations were <1500 IU/l, then the single-dose MTX i.m. regimen—if necessary with additional MTX injections—was also cost–effective. Expectant management could not be evaluated yet. Subsequent fertility did not differ between the interventions studied. This meta-analysis shows that laparoscopic surgery is the most cost–effective treatment for tubal EP. Systemic MTX is a good alternative in selected patients with low serum hCG concentrations.
Clinical application and proposal for modification of the International Working Group (IWG) response criteria in myelodysplasia
Authors: Bruce D. Cheson, Peter L. Greenberg, John M. Bennett, Bob Lowenberg, Pierre W. Wijermans, Stephen D. Nimer, Antonio Pinto, Miloslav Beran, Theo M. De Witte, Richard M. Stone, Moshe Mittelman, Guillermo F. Sanz, Steven D. Gore, Charles A. Schiffer, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2006)
Abstract 16839: Impact of Interventional Therapies for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Pulmonary Endarterectomy vs. Percutaneous Transluminal Pulmonary Angioplasty
Authors: Takumi Inami, Yuichi Momose, Masaharu Kataoka, Nobuhiko Shimura, Ryoji Yanagisawa, Haruhisa Ishiguro, Motomi Abdo, Keiichi Fukuda, Hideaki Yoshino, Toru Satoh
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the latest survival of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) with recently-available interventional therapies such as pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) and percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty (PTPA), recently-developed catheter-based less-invasive therapy, and to compare the clinical outcomes of the two interventional strategies based on collaborative multi-institution data. Methods and Results: One hundred thirty-six consecutive patients with CTEPH were enrolled. Twenty-nine were treated only with medical therapy (Drug-group), and the other 107 underwent interventional therapies (Interventions-group) (39 underwent PEA [PEA-group] and 68 PTPA [PTPA-group]). Although baseline hemodynamic parameters in the Interventions-group were significantly more severe than those in the Drug-group, the prognosis after the diagnosis was much better in the Interventions-group than in the Drug-group (98% vs. 64% at 5-year survival, p < 0.01), sugg...
Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in exhaled air of children with cystic fibrosis during antibiotic treatment
Authors: Q. Jobsis, H.C. Raatgeep, S.l Schellekens, A Kroesbergen, W.C.j Hop, J.c de Jongste
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients characteristically have severe chronic airway inflammation associated with bacterial infection. A noninvasive marker of airway inflammation could be a useful guide to treatment of CF lung disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether measurement of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air can serve to monitor the effect of treatment with antibiotics in CF-children with acute infective pulmonary exacerbations. Sixteen CF-patients (mean age 12.3 yrs) with exacerbation of their lung infection were treated with intravenous antibiotics in an uncontrolled study. During treatment, H2O2 in exhaled air condensate was measured twice a week. In addition, serial NO measurements were performed in nine patients. During antibiotic treatment the median H2O2 concentration in exhaled air condensate decreased significantly from 0.28 microM (range 0.07-1.20 microM) to 0.16 microM (range 0.05-0.24 microM, p=0.002) and the mean forced expiratory volume in one second significantly increased from 55% predicted to 75% pred (p=0.001). In individual subjects, changes of H2O2 and FEV1 between pairs of serial measurements correlated weakly (p=0.08). Data on exhaled NO were inconclusive; exhaled NO did not change systematically during treatment. It is concluded that cystic fibrosis patients with an acute pulmonary exacerbation have abnormally high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, but not of nitric oxide, in exhaled air, which decrease during intravenous antibiotic treatment. Further controlled studies should establish if exhaled hydrogen peroxide, may serve as a noninvasive parameter of airway inflammation to guide antibiotic treatment in cystic fibrosis lung disease.
Contributions of Fasting and Postprandial Plasma Glucose Increments to the Overall Diurnal Hyperglycemia of Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Louis Monnier, Hélène Lapinski, Claude Colette
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

The exact contributions of postprandial and fasting glucose increments to overall hyperglycemia remain controversial. The discrepancies between the data published previously might be caused by the interference of several factors. To test the effect of overall glycemic control itself, we analyzed the diurnal glycemic profiles of type 2 diabetic patients investigated at different levels of HbA(1c).In 290 non-insulin- and non-acarbose-using patients with type 2 diabetes, plasma glucose (PG) concentrations were determined at fasting (8:00 A.M.) and during postprandial and postabsorptive periods (at 11:00 A.M., 2:00 P.M., and 5:00 P.M.). The areas under the curve above fasting PG concentrations (AUC(1)) and >6.1 mmol/l (AUC(2)) were calculated for further evaluation of the relative contributions of postprandial (AUC(1)/AUC(2), %) and fasting [(AUC(2) - AUC(1))/AUC(2), %] PG increments to the overall diurnal hyperglycemia. The data were compared over quintiles of HbA(1c).The relative contribution of postprandial glucose decreased progressively from the lowest (69.7%) to the highest quintile of HbA(1c) (30.5%, P < 0.001), whereas the relative contribution of fasting glucose increased gradually with increasing levels of HbA(1c): 30.3% in the lowest vs. 69.5% in the highest quintile (P < 0.001).The relative contribution of postprandial glucose excursions is predominant in fairly controlled patients, whereas the contribution of fasting hyperglycemia increases gradually with diabetes worsening. These results could therefore provide a unifying explanation for the discrepancies as observed in previous studies.
Does the Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Approximate the Fractional Flow Reserve?
Authors: Nils P. Johnson, Richard L. Kirkeeide, Kaleab N. Asrress, William F. Fearon, Timothy Lockie, Koen M.J. Marques, Stylianos A. Pyxaras, M. Cristina Rolandi, Marcel van 't Veer, Bernard De Bruyne, Jan J. Piek, Nico H.J. Pijls, Simon Redwood, Maria Siebes, Jos A.E. Spaan, K. Lance Gould
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)

This study sought to examine the clinical performance of and theoretical basis for the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) approximation to the fractional flow reserve (FFR).Recent work has proposed iFR as a vasodilation-free alternative to FFR for making mechanical revascularization decisions. Its fundamental basis is the assumption that diastolic resting myocardial resistance equals mean hyperemic resistance.Pressure-only and combined pressure-flow clinical data from several centers were studied both empirically and by using pressure-flow physiology. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed by repeatedly selecting random parameters as if drawing from a cohort of hypothetical patients, using the reported ranges of these physiologic variables.We aggregated observations of 1,129 patients, including 120 with combined pressure-flow data. Separately, we performed 1,000 Monte Carlo simulations. Clinical data showed that iFR was +0.09 higher than FFR on average, with ±0.17 limits of agreement. Diastolic resting resistance was 2.5 ± 1.0 times higher than mean hyperemic resistance in patients. Without invoking wave mechanics, classic pressure-flow physiology explained clinical observations well, with a coefficient of determination of >0.9. Nearly identical scatter of iFR versus FFR was seen between simulation and patient observations, thereby supporting our model.iFR provides both a biased estimate of FFR, on average, and an uncertain estimate of FFR in individual cases. Diastolic resting myocardial resistance does not equal mean hyperemic resistance, thereby contravening the most basic condition on which iFR depends. Fundamental relationships of coronary pressure and flow explain the iFR approximation without invoking wave mechanics.
Microarray Analysis Verifies Two Distinct Phenotypes of Glioblastomas Resistant to Antiangiogenic Therapy
Authors: Michael DeLay, Arman Jahangiri, W. Shawn Carbonell, Yu-Long Hu, Sean Tsao, Maxwell Wing Tom, Jesse Paquette, Taku A. Tokuyasu, Manish K. Aghi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: To identify mechanisms and mediators of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in human glioblastoma. Experimental Design: We carried out microarray gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry comparing 21 recurrent glioblastomas progressing during antiangiogenic treatment with VEGF neutralizing antibody bevacizumab to paired pretreatment tumors from the same patients. Results: Microarray analysis revealed that bevacizumab-resistant glioblastomas (BRG) had two clustering patterns defining subtypes that reflect radiographic growth patterns. Enhancing BRGs (EBRG) exhibited MRI enhancement, a long-established criterion for glioblastoma progression, and expressed mitogen-activated protein kinases, neural cell adhesion molecule-1 (NCAM-1), and aquaporin 4. Compared with their paired pretreatment tumors, EBRGs had unchanged vascularity and hypoxia, with increased proliferation. Nonenhancing BRGs (NBRG) exhibited minimal MRI enhancement but had FLAIR-bright expansion, a newer criterion for glioblastoma recurrence since the advent of antiangiogenic therapy, and expressed integrin α5, laminin, fibronectin1, and PDGFRβ. NBRGs had less vascularity, more hypoxia, and unchanged proliferation than their paired pretreatment tumors. Primary NBRG cells exhibited more stellate morphology with a 3-fold increased shape factor and were nearly 4-fold more invasive in Matrigel chambers than primary cells from EBRGs or bevacizumab-naive glioblastomas (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Using microarray analysis, we found two resistance patterns during antiangiogenic therapy with distinct molecular profiles and radiographic growth patterns. These studies provide valuable biologic insight into the resistance that has limited antiangiogenic therapy to date. Clin Cancer Res; 18(10); 2930–42. ©2012 AACR.
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM.
Authors: H. EL-HEFNAWI, A. MORTADA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM. Get access H. EL‐HEFNAWI, H. EL‐HEFNAWI Professor of Dermatology, Cairo University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. MORTADA A. MORTADA Professor of Ophthalmology, Cairo University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 5, 1 May 1965, Pages 261–276, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14641.x Published: 01 May 1965
Klippel-Feil syndrome in the prehispanic population of El Hierro (Canary Islands)
Authors: E GONZALEZ-REIMERS
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Klippel-Feil syndrome is an uncommon alteration (1:40 000 births), mainly affecting the cervical spine.1 The classic clinical triad described by Klippel and Feil in 1912—short neck, low dorsal hairline, and restricted neck mobility—is the result of the fusion of a variable number of cervical vertebrae, sometimes reducing their number, and cervical spina bifida.2 Extraosseus changes,3 hemivertebra, vertebral body clefts, and thoracolumbar abnormalities,4 are sometimes seen.

In a prehispanic ossuary containing remains of at least 121 subjects in the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands), we …
Late clinical heart failure (CHF) following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)
Authors: S. Armenian, C. Sun, L. Francisco, J. Steinberger, S. Kurian, L. Wong, J. Sharp, R. Sposto, S. Forman, S. Bhatia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9510 Background: Patients undergoing HCT are at increased risk for chronic health conditions, including CHF. However, the independent roles of pre-HCT exposures, transplant-related conditioning, and comorbidities (pre- and post-HCT) in the development of CHF have not been examined. Methods: Nested case-control design was used. Individuals with late CHF (diagnosed ≥ 1 year after HCT) were identified from a cohort of 2,938 one+ year survivors transplanted at City of Hope between 1981 and 2003. This cohort formed the sampling frame for selecting controls (those without CHF) matched on: age and year of HCT, type of HCT (allogeneic vs. autologous), and length of follow-up. Variables of interest included host demographics, pre-transplant therapeutic exposures, conditioning, and presence of comorbidities. Results: A total of 60 cases with CHF were identified; mean age at HCT: 45.7 yrs (16.6–68.6); mean time to CHF: 4.1 yrs (1.03–18.9); 68% received autologous HCT. Mean ejection fraction was 36.9% (15–53%); all had clinical evidence of CHF. 162 matched controls were identified. Compared to controls, cases received more cycles of cytotoxic chemotherapy prior to HCT (8.6 vs. 5.0; p<0.01), had greater BMI at HCT (28.4 vs. 26.2 kg/m2; p=0.01), greater lifetime anthracycline exposure (285.2 vs. 176.7 mg/m2, p<0.01), and were more likely to have chronic comorbidities including hypertension (40.0% vs. 14.7%; p<0.01), diabetes (20.0% vs. 5.5%; p<0.01), renal insufficiency (23.3% vs. 6.7%; p<0.01), and lung disease (20.0% vs. 8.0%; p=0.01). Multivariate conditional logistic regression revealed number of pre-HCT chemotherapy cycles (OR 1.2; p<0.01), anthracycline dose ≥250 mg/m2 (OR 3.2; p=0.05), and having ≥2 chronic medical conditions (OR 3.7; p=0.02) to be independently associated with late CHF. Overall survival following CHF was 46.7% at 2 yrs. Conclusions: Pre-HCT exposure to anthracyclines and the presence of comorbidities are primarily responsible for the risk of late CHF after HCT. High dose chemotherapy or TBI used for conditioning do not contribute significantly to the risk. These data form the basis of developing predictive models for identifying those at risk, for targeted surveillance, as well as developing preventive strategies in the form of aggressive management of comorbidities. No significant financial relationships to disclose.