tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SPECIFIC BINDING OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (NGF) BY MURINE C 1300 NEUROBLASTOMA CELLS
Authors: R. Revoltella, L. Bertouni, M. Pediconi, E. Vigneti
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Murine C 1300 neuroblastoma cells bind with high avidity on their membrane surface the nerve growth factor (NGF), a protein capable of inducing differentiation of sympathetic nerve cells. The total binding capacity of NGF by the cells was quantitatively measured by a radioimmunoassay technique, using (125)I-labeled NGF. An average number of about 10(6) molecules of NGF could be bound, at saturation, by each cell with an average relative association constant of about 10(7) liters/mol. Using synchronized cells, it was found, however, that either the number of molecules of ligand bound or the avidity of the binding interaction between NGF and cells varied depending upon their growth cycle, the maximal-binding occurring during the G(1) and early S phase. Binding of [(125)I]NGF was suppressed by trypsin treatment of the cells, however new receptor sites were rapidly replaced onto the membrane surface within 1-2 h. Cells exposed to 3 M KCl released into the supernate a protein product exhibiting similar high avidity for NGF. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis suggested a restricted molecular heterogeneity of this product, with a major component in the 52,000 mol wt region. Antibodies made specific to this protein were capable, in the absence of the complement, of inhibiting the binding of [(125)I]NGF by the cells and in the presence of the complement they killed them.
Small bowel neoplasia in coeliac disease
Authors: S D Rampertab
Journal: Gut (2003)

There is an increased risk of small bowel adenocarcinoma in patients with coeliac disease compared with the normal population. It has been suggested that adenocarcinoma of the small intestine in coeliac disease arises through an adenoma-carcinoma sequence but there has been only one reported case of a small bowel adenoma in a patient with coeliac disease. We report three additional cases of a small bowel adenoma in the setting of coeliac disease. In addition, four cases of small bowel adenocarcinoma are also reported, one of which was found adjacent to a jejunal villous adenoma. These cases emphasise the risk of the development of small bowel neoplasia for patients with coeliac disease and support the concept that small bowel adenocarcinoma in coeliac disease arises from adenomas.
Increased Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity by Doppler Echocardiography in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Gregory T. Armstrong, Vijaya M. Joshi, Liang Zhu, Deokumar Srivastava, Nan Zhang, Kirsten K. Ness, Dennis C. Stokes, Matthew T. Krasin, James A. Fowler, Leslie L. Robison, Melissa M. Hudson, Daniel M. Green
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

To determine the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension, a late effect of cancer therapy not previously identified in aging survivors of childhood cancer, and associations with chest-directed radiation therapy (RT) and measures of current cardiac function, lung function, and exercise capacity.Cross-sectional evaluation of 498 survivors at a median age of 38.0 years (range, 20.0 to 59.0 years) and a median of 27.3 years (range, 12.2 to 46.0 years) from primary cancer diagnosis was performed. Abnormal tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV) was defined as more than 2.8 m/s by Doppler echocardiography.Increased TRV was identified in 25.2% of survivors who received chest-directed RT and 30.8% of those who received more than 30 Gy. In multivariable models, increased TRV was associated with increasing dose of RT (1 to 19.9 Gy: odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% CI, 0.63 to 6.96; 20 to 29.9 Gy: OR, 3.46; 95% CI, 1.59 to 7.54; ≥ 30 Gy: OR, 4.54; 95% CI, 1.77 to 11.64 compared with no RT; P for trend < .001), body mass index more than 40 kg/m(2) (OR, 3.89; 95% CI, 1.46 to 10.39), and aortic valve regurgitation (OR, 5.85; 95% CI, 2.05 to 16.74). Survivors with a TRV more than 2.8 m/s had increased odds (OR, 5.20; 95% CI, 2.5 to 11.0) of severe functional limitation on a 6-minute walk compared with survivors with a TRV ≤ 2.8 m/s.A substantial number of adult survivors of childhood cancer who received chest-directed RT have an increased TRV and may have pulmonary hypertension as a result of both direct lung injury and cardiac dysfunction. Longitudinal follow-up and confirmation by cardiac catheterization are warranted.
Digging for data on harms in duloxetine trials
Authors: P. Doshi, J. Zito, S. dosReis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

It’s time for policy makers to get serious about drug related harms

The biomedical research enterprise devotes enormous amounts of time and money to determining how well a medicine works. By contrast, few resources focus on discovering the harms a given drug may cause. Undoubtedly, this is in part because we all—patients, doctors, even drug regulators—crave good news, and ascertaining an accurate profile of drug induced harm only threatens to bring bad news. Even the randomized trial, our so called gold standard, with all its potential for settling debates about drug efficacy, is notoriously poor at detecting serious drug related harms. Some reasons for this are well known: trials are usually too small, too short, or enroll participants who are “too healthy”—which collectively means that relatively uncommon, but none the less real and possibly serious side effects may not occur with sufficient frequency (or at all) during a clinical trial to demonstrate convincing evidence of harm.

Despite their limitations, however, randomized trials remain a critical element in assessing potential harms, especially as randomization assures serious attention by researchers interested in the “causality” game. Although a single study may be underpowered to detect important harms, combining studies through meta-analysis may show important associations. But credible use of trial data requires confidence in the quality of the reporting …
Massive pleural effusion due to pancreatic pseudocyst.
Authors: A R Girbes, P E Postmus, W Jansen, E J vd Jagt, J H Kleibeuker
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Four patients with massive pleural effusions due to pancreatic pseudocysts who were initially treated conservatively with percutaneous pleural drainage are described. In two patients the pleural effusions and the pancreatic pseudocysts disappeared, but two required surgery, in one case because conservative treatment failed and in the other at a later date for a recurrent pancreatic pseudocyst.
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Rhythm Versus Rate Control Therapy and Subsequent Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation”
Authors: Meytal Avgil Tsadok, Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Vidal Essebag, Mark J. Eisenberg, Elham Rahme, Karin H. Humphries, Jack V. Tu, Hassan Behlouli, Louise Pilote
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Angiotensin 1A receptors transfected into caudal ventrolateral medulla inhibit baroreflex gain and stress responses
Authors: Kesia Palma-Rigo, Jaspreet K. Bassi, Thu-Phuc Nguyen-Huu, Kristy L. Jackson, Pamela J. Davern, Daian Chen, Jean-Luc Elghozi, Walter G. Thomas, Andrew M. Allen, Geoffrey A. Head
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

The caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) is important for autonomic regulation and is rich in angiotensin II type 1A receptors (AT1AR). To determine their function, we examined whether the expression of AT1AR in the CVLM of mice lacking AT1AR (AT1A−/−) alters baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular responses to stress. Bilateral microinjections into the CVLM of AT1A−/− mice of lentivirus with the phox-2 selective promoter (PRSx8) were made to express either AT1AR (Lv-PRSx8-AT1A) or green fluorescent protein (Lv-PRSx8-GFP) as a control. Radiotelemetry was used to record mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and locomotor activity. Following injection of Lv-PRSx8-GFP, robust neuronal expression of GFP was observed with ∼60% of the GFP-positive cells also expressing the catecholamine-synthetic enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. After 5 weeks, there were no differences in MAP or HR between groups, but the Lv-PRSx8-AT1A- injected mice showed reduced baroreflex sensitivity (−25%, P = 0.003) and attenuated pressor responses to cage-switch and restraint stress compared with the Lv-PRSx8-GFP-injected mice. Reduced MAP mid-frequency power during cage-switch stress reflected attenuated sympathetic activation (Pgroup × stress = 0.04). Fos-immunohistochemistry indicated greater activation of forebrain and hypothalamic neurons in the Lv-PRSx8-AT1A mice compared with the control. The expression of AT1AR in CVLM neurons, including A1 neurons, while having little influence on the basal blood pressure or HR, may play a tonic role in inhibiting cardiac vagal baroreflex sensitivity. However, they strongly facilitate the forebrain response to aversive stress, yet reduce the pressor response presumably through greater sympatho-inhibition. These findings outline novel and specific roles for angiotensin II in the CVLM in autonomic regulation.
A Definition of Advanced Types of Atherosclerotic Lesions and a Histological Classification of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Herbert C. Stary, A. Bleakley Chandler, Robert E. Dinsmore, Valentin Fuster, Seymour Glagov, William Insull, Michael E. Rosenfeld, Colin J. Schwartz, William D. Wagner, Robert W. Wissler
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Abstract This report is the continuation of two earlier reports that defined human arterial intima and precursors of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in humans. This report describes the characteristic components and pathogenic mechanisms of the various advanced atherosclerotic lesions. These, with the earlier definitions of precursor lesions, led to the histological classification of human atherosclerotic lesions found in the second part of this report. The Committee on Vascular Lesions also attempted to correlate the appearance of lesions noted in clinical imaging studies with histological lesion types and corresponding clinical syndromes. In the histological classification, lesions are designated by Roman numerals, which indicate the usual sequence of lesion progression. The initial (type I) lesion contains enough atherogenic lipoprotein to elicit an increase in macrophages and formation of scattered macrophage foam cells. As in subsequent lesion types, the changes are more marked in locations of arteries with adaptive intimal thickening. (Adaptive thickenings, which are present at constant locations in everyone from birth, do not obstruct the lumen and represent adaptations to local mechanical forces). Type II lesions consist primarily of layers of macrophage foam cells and lipid-laden smooth muscle cells and include lesions grossly designated as fatty streaks. Type III is the intermediate stage between type II and type IV ( atheroma , a lesion that is potentially symptom-producing). In addition to the lipid-laden cells of type II, type III lesions contain scattered collections of extracellular lipid droplets and particles that disrupt the coherence of some intimal smooth muscle cells. This extracellular lipid is the immediate precursor of the larger, confluent, and more disruptive core of extracellular lipid that characterizes type IV lesions. Beginning around the fourth decade of life, lesions that usually have a lipid core may also contain thick layers of fibrous connective tissue (type V lesion) and/or fissure, hematoma, and thrombus (type VI lesion). Some type V lesions are largely calcified (type Vb), and some consist mainly of fibrous connective tissue and little or no accumulated lipid or calcium (type Vc).
Effects of omalizumab in Aspergillus-associated airway disease
Authors: L. A. Perez-de-Llano, M. C. Vennera, A. Parra, J. Guallar, M. Marin, O. Asensio, P. Ausin, L. Borderias, C. Fernandez, C. Granel, A. Perez-Pimiento, M. Rubio
Journal: Thorax (2011)

The clinical spectrum of Aspergillus-associated airway diseases (AAAD) includes Aspergillus-induced asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and bronchocentric granulomatosis. Corticosteroids are almost always used to suppress the immunological response to the fungal antigens.1 Although there are no evidence-based alternative treatment options besides steroids, the well-known adverse effects of these drugs have prompted clinicians to look beyond this standard practice and several cases of ABPA patients with very positive outcomes after omalizumab therapy have been recently published.2–6

We recruited 18 patients (13 women; mean age 49±17 years) with AAAD (2 of them had been previously diagnosed with cystic fibrosis) from 11 Spanish hospitals. All of them had been treated …
Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of T cell functions
Authors: W Niedbala, B Cai, F Y Liew
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

There is a close relation between T helper (Th) 1 cells and nitric oxide in disease. Thus it is possible that a reciprocal regulatory mechanism exists between them. This paper briefly describes the experimental studies which have helped elucidate the mechanism by which nitric oxide selectively enhances Th 1 cell proliferation and the potential effect of nitric oxide on regulatory T (Treg) cells. On the basis of the results the authors propose that nitric oxide represents an additional signal for the induction of T cell subset response, contributing to the increasingly complex network of immune regulation essential for health and disease.
Bcl-2 Inhibitors: Targeting Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathways in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Min H. Kang, C. Patrick Reynolds
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Defects in apoptotic pathways can promote cancer cell survival and also confer resistance to antineoplastic drugs. One pathway being targeted for antineoplastic therapy is the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B) that bind to and inactivate BH3-domain pro-apoptotic proteins. Signals transmitted by cellular damage (including antineoplastic drugs) or cytokine deprivation can initiate apoptosis via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. It is controversial whether some BH3-domain proteins (Bim or tBid) directly activate multidomain pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., Bax and Bak) or act via inhibition of those anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B) that stabilize pro-apoptotic proteins. Overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members has been associated with chemotherapy resistance in various human cancers, and preclinical studies have shown that agents targeting anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members have preclinical activity as single agents and in combination with other antineoplastic agents. Clinical trials of several investigational drugs targeting the Bcl-2 family (oblimersen sodium, AT-101, ABT-263, GX15-070) are ongoing. Here, we review the role of the Bcl-2 family in apoptotic pathways and those agents that are known and/or designed to inhibit the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins.
TENOR risk score predicts healthcare in adults with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma
Authors: M. K. Miller, J. H. Lee, P. D. Blanc, D. J. Pasta, S. Gujrathi, H. Barron, S. E. Wenzel, S. T. Weiss
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

The aim of the present study was to predict which patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma are at highest risk for healthcare utilisation can be predicted so as to optimise clinical management. Data were derived from 2,821 adults with asthma enrolled in The Epidemiology and Natural History of Asthma: Outcomes and Treatment Regimens (TENOR) study. Multiple potential predictors were assessed at baseline using a systematic algorithm employing stepwise logistic regression. Outcomes were asthma-related hospitalisations or emergency department (ED) visits within 6 months following baseline. Overall, 239 subjects (8.5%) reported hospitalisation or ED visits at follow-up. Predictors retained after multivariate analysis were as follows: younger age; female sex; non-white race; body mass index ≥35 kg·m -2 ; post-bronchodilator per cent predicted forced vital capacity &lt;70%; history of pneumonia; diabetes; cataracts; intubation for asthma; and three or more steroid bursts in the prior 3 months. A final risk score derived from the logistic regression model ranged from 0–18 and was highly predictive (c-index: 0.78) of hospitalisation or ED visits. This tool was re-tested in a prospective validation using outcomes at 12- to 18-months follow-up among the same cohort (c-index: 0.77). The risk score derived is a clinically useful tool for assessing the likelihood of asthma-related hospitalisation or emergency department visits in adults with severe and difficult-to-treat asthma.
Effect on nasal resistance of an external nasal splint and isotonic exercise
Authors: A D Wilde, S R Ell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

The now commonplace wearing of external nasal splints by sportsmen and athletes has never been scientifically evaluated. The present study looks into the effect of isotonic exercise on nasal resistance, and examines whether this effect is altered by the wearing of an external nasal splint.Twenty subjects not suffering from rhinitis were tested. Nasal resistance measurements were recorded using an anterior rhinomanometer before and after isotonic exercise with and without an external nasal splint. Pulse and blood pressure were measured before and after exercise.Significant changes were observed in pulse (p < 0.001) and both systolic (p < 0.002) and diastolic (p < 0.001) blood pressure in response to exercise. Significant differences were seen in nasal resistance when the splint was applied (p < 0.001) and after exercise (p < 0.003). No significant difference was observed after exercise when the splint was worn (p = 0.167).External nasal splints decrease nasal resistance at rest but are of little value during isotonic exercise.
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus carboplatin in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a phase II study
Authors: R.P. Collea, F.W. Kruter, J.E. Cantrell, T.K. George, S. Kruger, A.M. Favret, D.L. Lindquist, A.M. Melnyk, R.E. Pluenneke, S.H. Shao, M.W. Crockett, L. Asmar, J. O’Shaughnessy
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
PRURITUS VULVAE FEOM EUBBER, DUE TO ALLERGIC SENSITIVITY TO ALKALI
Authors: G. H. V. CLARKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1948)

Journal Article PRURITUS VULVAE FEOM EUBBER, DUE TO ALLERGIC SENSITIVITY TO ALKALI Get access G. H. V. CLARKE, M.B., B.S., A.R.I.C. G. H. V. CLARKE, M.B., B.S., A.R.I.C. Assistant Registrar, Skin Department, University College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 60, Issue 2, 1 February 1948, Pages 57–60, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1948.tb10991.x Published: 01 February 1948
Thixotropy of Blood and Proneness to Thrombus Formation
Authors: Leopold Dintenfass
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

A study of the viscosity and thixotropy of human blood in the absence of anticoagulants was carried out by means of a rotational cone-in-cone viscometer. The plots of viscosity against the rate of shear on a log-log scale show that the thixotropy of normal blood is pronounced only below 5 sec. -1 ; abnormally thixotropic blood was characterized by the critical rates of shear of 30 to 60 sec. -1 . The significance of thixotropy of blood is due to its intimate relationship with the aggregation of red cells. It is suggested that it may be also related to the proneness of thrombus formation.
Risk of spontaneous haemorrhage after diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Henning Mast, William L Young, Hans-Christian Koennecke, Robert R Sciacca, Andrei Osipov, John Pile-Spellman, Lotfi Hacein-Bey, Hoang Duong, Bennett M Stein, JP Mohr
Journal: The Lancet (1997)

BackgroundA small proportion of strokes are caused by cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Treatment to prevent intracranial haemorrhage itself carries risks, and untreated AVM may in many cases have a good prognosis. We investigated the risk of subsequent symptomatic bleeding in the clinical course of AVM in patients with and without an initial haemorrhage.Methods281 unselected, consecutive, prospectively enrolled patients with cerebral AVM were grouped according to their initial clinical presentation—142 presented with and 139 without haemorrhage. The frequency of AVM haemorrhages during the subsequent clinical course (before the start of endovascular, surgical, or radiation treatment) in the two groups was compared by means of Kaplan-Meier life-tables, log-rank test, and multivariate proportional-hazards regression models. Haemorrhage was defined as a clinically symptomatic event with signs of acute bleeding on computed tomography or magnetic resonance brain imaging.FindingsDuring mean follow-up of 8·5 months for the haemorrhage group and 11·9 months for the non-haemorrhage group, haemorrhages occurred in 18 (13%) of the former patients and in three (2%) of the latter (p=0·0002). The annual risk of haemorrhage was 17·8% and 2·2%, respectively. In the multivariate regression model, the adjusted hazard ratio for haemorrhage at initial presentation was 13·9 (95% Cl 2·6–73·8; p=0·002). Deep venous drainage (hazard ratio 4·1 [1·2–14·9], p=0·029) and male sex (9·2 [2·1–41·3], p=0·004) were also significantly associated with subsequent haemorrhage, but no significant association was found for age or AVM size. The annual rate of spontaneous haemorrhage was 32·6% for men and 10·4% for women in the haemorrhage group compared with 3·3% for men and 1·3% for women in the non-haemorrhage group. Among patients with haemorrhage at initial presentation, the risk of haemorrhage fell from 32·9% in year 1 to 11·3% in subsequent years (34·2% to 31·0% in men; 31·1% to 5·5% in women).InterpretationIn AVM, patients initially presenting with haemorrhage have a higher risk of subsequent bleeding than those presenting with other symptoms. The risk is higher in men than in women.
A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study of Chinese herbal medicine as complementary therapy for reduction of chemotherapy-induced toxicity
Authors: T.S.K. Mok, W. Yeo, P.J. Johnson, P. Hui, W.M. Ho, K.C. Lam, M. Xu, K. Chak, A. Chan, H. Wong, F. Mo, B. Zee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)
Mean Blood Glucose and Biological Variation Have Greater Influence on HbA1c Levels Than Glucose Instability
Authors: Robert J. McCarter, James M. Hempe, Stuart A. Chalew
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Mean blood glucose (MBG) over 2-3 months is a strong predictor of HbA(1c) (A1C) levels. Glucose instability, the variability of blood glucose levels comprising the MBG, and biological variation in A1C (BV) have also been suggested as predictors of A1C independent of MBG. To assess the relative importance of MBG, BV, and glucose instability on A1C, we analyzed patient data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).A glucose profile set and sample for A1C were collected quarterly over the course of the DCCT from each participant (n = 1,441). The glucose profile set consisted of seven samples, one each drawn before and 90 min after breakfast, lunch, and dinner and one before bedtime. MBG and glucose instability (SD of blood glucose [SDBG]) were calculated as the arithmetic mean and SD of glucose profile set samples for each visit, respectively. A statistical model was developed to predict A1C from MBG, SDBG, and BV, adjusted for diabetes duration, sex, treatment group, stratum, and race.Data from 32,977 visits were available. The overall model was highly statistically significant (log likelihood = -41,818.75, likelihood ratio chi2[7] = 7,218.71, P > chi2 = 0.0000). MBG and BV had large influences on A1C based on their standardized coefficients. SDBG had only 1/14 of the impact of MBG and 1/10 of the impact of BV.MBG and BV have a large influence on A1C, whereas SDBG is relatively unimportant. Consideration of BV as well as MBG in the interpretation of A1C may enhance our ability to monitor diabetes management and predict complications.