tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Decreased DOC-2/DAB2 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: Jose A. Karam, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Hong-Ying Huang, Rey-Chen Pong, Raheela Ashfaq, Ellen Shapiro, Yair Lotan, Arthur I. Sagalowsky, Xue-Ru Wu, Jer-Tsong Hsieh
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: DOC-2/DAB2 (differentially expressed in ovarian carcinoma-2/disabled-2), a potential tumor suppressor gene, is underexpressed in several cancers. Little is known about the expression of this gene in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). We profiled DOC-2/DAB2 expression in mouse and human normal and neoplastic urothelia. Experimental Design: Immunohistochemical staining for DOC-2/DAB2 was carried out on tissue specimens from two transgenic mouse models with urothelium-specific molecular alterations and on a tissue microarray containing cores from 9 normal controls, 44 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT), 195 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for UCB, and 39 lymph nodes with metastatic UCB. Results: Normal mouse urothelium stained uniformly with DOC-2/DAB2. Weaker staining was observed in low-grade, superficial papillary bladder tumors from transgenic mice harboring constitutively active Ha-Ras, whereas carcinoma in situ–like lesions and high-grade bladder tumors from transgenic mice expressing a SV40 T antigen completely lacked DOC-2/DAB2 expression. In human tissues, DOC-2/DAB2 expression was decreased in 11% of normal bladder specimens, 59% of TURBT specimens, 65% of radical cystectomy specimens, and 77% of the metastatic lymph node specimens. Decreased DOC-2/DAB2 expression was associated with advanced pathologic stage (P = 0.023), lymph node metastases (P = 0.050), and lymphovascular invasion (P &amp;lt; 0.001). In univariable, but not in multivariable analysis, decreased DOC-2/DAB2 was associated with an increased probability of bladder cancer recurrence (log-rank test, P = 0.020) and bladder cancer–specific mortality (log-rank test, P = 0.023). Conclusions: Decreased DOC-2/DAB2 expression seems to occur early in bladder tumorigenesis and becomes more prominent in advanced stages of UCB.
Is Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness More Frequent in Women than in Men?
Authors: BÉNÉDICTE LEYNAERT, JEAN BOUSQUET, CHRISTINE HENRY, RENATA LIARD, FRANÇOISE NEUKIRCH
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To test the hypothesis that a greater proportion of women than men react to methacholine challenge and investigate the possible reasons for any differences observed, we recruited 495 subjects 20 to 44 yr of age (50.9% male) in Paris and 304 subjects (51.3% male) in Montpellier (France), as part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. The proportion of responders (PD20 < or = 4 mg methacholine) was 33.7% in women and 11.9% in men (odds ratio = 3.8; 95% confidence interval = 2.4-6.0) in Paris and 43.2% in women and 29.5% in men (odds ratio = 1.8; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.9) in Montpellier. These differences could not be explained by asthma, respiratory symptoms, atopy, or lung function parameters. In stepwise logistic regressions including sex, asthma, and asthma-like symptoms, nasal allergies, atopy, baseline FEV1, FEV1%pred, FVC, and FEV1%FVC, the odds-ratios for the effect of female sex on PD20 < or = 4 mg methacholine were 5.2 (3.0-9.0) in Paris and 2.2 (1.2-3.8) in Montpellier. Reacting to low doses of methacholine (PD20 < or = 0.5 mg) was associated with asthma and atopy in both men and women. In contrast, reacting to doses between 0.5 and 4 mg was associated with asthma and atopy only in men and with heavy tobacco consumption only in women. We conclude that the excess of hyperresponsiveness in women is not due to their having smaller lung size or airway caliber than men and may be related to a greater susceptibility to smoking.
Smoke exposure, airway symptoms and exhaled nitric oxide in infants: the Generation R study
Authors: C. Gabriele, R. Asgarali, V. W. Jaddoe, A. Hofman, H. A. Moll, J. C. de Jongste
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

The effect of pre- and post-natal smoke exposure on exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( F eNO ) in infants was evaluated and the association between respiratory symptoms and F eNO in the first 2 months of life was investigated. The Generation R study is a population-based, prenatally recruited birth cohort. Exposures were assessed by means of questionnaires prospectively administered during pregnancy and after birth. Successful off-line F eNO measurements during tidal breathing were obtained in 187 infants (median age 6.9 weeks). The association between possible determinants and log F eNO was investigated with multiple linear regression analysis. Infants exposed pre- and post-natally to smoke showed lower F eNO than infants exposed only after birth (geometric mean difference (95% confidence interval) 1.5 (1.0–2.1) ppb) and never-exposed infants (1.4 (1.0–1.8) ppb). F eNO was reduced in infants with severe upper respiratory symptoms compared with infants with nonsevere symptoms (1.6 (1.0–2.4) ppb). Infants with symptoms of the lower respiratory tract had lower F eNO than asymptomatic infants (1.2 (1.0–1.50) ppb). In conclusion, the nature of the association between smoke exposure and exhaled nitric oxide fraction is dependent on timing and intensity of exposure. The occurrence and the severity of respiratory symptoms in the first 2 months of life are associated with lower exhaled nitric oxide fraction.
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Predicts Mortality among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Deborah L. Regidor, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Rajnish Mehrotra, Mehdi Rambod, Jennie Jing, Charles J. McAllister, David Van Wyck, Joel D. Kopple, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Several observational studies have demonstrated that serum levels of minerals and parathyroid hormone (PTH) have U- or J-shaped associations with mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients, but the relationship between serum alkaline phosphatase (AlkPhos) and risk for all-cause or cardiovascular death is unknown. In this study, a 3-yr cohort of 73,960 hemodialysis patients in DaVita outpatient dialysis were studied, and the hazard ratios for all-cause and cardiovascular death were higher across 20-U/L increments of AlkPhos, including within the various strata of intact PTH and serum aspartate aminotransferase. In the fully adjusted model, which accounted for demographics, comorbidity, surrogates of malnutrition and inflammation, minerals, PTH, and aspartate aminotransferase, AlkPhos > or =120 U/L was associated with a hazard ratio for death of 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.21 to 1.29; P < 0.001). This association remained among diverse subgroups of hemodialysis patients, including those positive for hepatitis C antibody. A rise in AlkPhos by 10 U/L during the first 6 mo was incrementally associated with increased risk for death during the subsequent 2.5 yr. In summary, high levels of serum AlkPhos, especially >120 U/L, are associated with mortality among hemodialysis patients. Prospective controlled trials will be necessary to test whether serum AlkPhos measurements could be used to improve the management of renal osteodystrophy.
Rheumatoid arthritis after human parvovirus B19 infection
Authors: C. MURAI, Y. MUNAKATA, Y. TAKAHASHI, T. ISHII, S. SHIBATA, T. MURYOI, T. FUNATO, M. NAKAMURA, K. SUGAMURA, T. SASAKI
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Rheumatoid arthritis after human parvovirus B19 infectionPolyarthropathy associated with human parvovirus B19 (B19) is usually transient, but often resembles rheumatoid arthritis (RA). [1]][3] However, B19 DNA screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may be positive not only in autoimmune diseases, but also in non-arthropathy. 4 To study whether or not on July 27,
Hepatitis B virus carriers in the treatment of malignant lymphoma: An epidemiological study in Japan
Authors: K. Kumagai, T. Takagi, S. Nakamura, U. Sawada, Y. Kura, F. Kodama, S. Shimano, I. Kudoh, H. Nakamura, K. Sawada, T. Ohnoshi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)
The Promise of Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Paul Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HMGN2, a new anti-tumor effector molecule of CD8+ T cells
Authors: Lin Su, Ankang Hu, Yang Luo, Wenjie Zhou, Ping Zhang, Yun Feng
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2014)

Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells have been implicated as important cells in antitumor responses. Our previous research has shown that high mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 (HMGN2) could be released by IL-2 and PHA stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and also induced tumor cells apoptosis at low doses. In this study, we isolated and cultured PBMCs and CD8+ T cells to analyze the expression and antitumor effects of HMGN2. PBMCs from healthy donors were isolated using Human Lymphocyte Separation tube. CD8+ T cells were separated from the PBMCs using MoFlo XDP high-speed flow cytometry sorter. Activation of PBMCs and CD8+ T cells were achieved by stimulating with Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or tumor antigen. In addition, the methods of ELISA, intracellular staining, and fluorescence-labeling assays were used. PHA induced PBMCs to release high levels of HMGN2, and CD8+ T cells was the major cell population in PBMCs that release HMGN2 after PHA activation. Tumor antigen-activated CD8+ T cells also released high levels of HMGN2. Supernatants of tumor antigen-activated CD8+ T cells were able to kill tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. This antitumor effect could be significantly blocked by using an anti-HMGN2 antibody. Fluorescence-labeling assays showed that the supernatant proteins of activated CD8+ T cells could be transported into tumor cells, and the transport visibly decreased after HMGN2 was depleted by anti-HMGN2 antibody. These results suggest that HMGN2 is an anti-tumor effector molecule of CD8+ T cells.
Azithromycin 250 mg daily reduces exacerbation frequency and improves quality of life in selected COPD patients
Authors: K D S Pannu
Journal: Thorax (2011)

Inter-relationships of biochemical and immunological tests of liver function have been studied in a prospective study of 216 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 32 patients with Sjogren9s syndrome, and 27 patients with the sicca syndrome, and these results have been compared with those obtained 289 patients with osteoarthrosis or with a form of seronegative polyarthropathy. In general the prevalence of abnormalities in serum alkaline phosphatase, bromsulphthalein excretion, smooth muscle antibody, and mitochondrial antibody in the former three groups was higher than in patients with osteoarthrosis. Patients with Sjogren9s syndrome with RA had a higher prevalence of abnormalities of bromsulphthalein excretion, salivary duct antibody than patients with the sicca syndrome. Patients with RA had a higher pervalence of rheumatoid factor than those with the sicca syndrome. Patients with a positive smooth muscle or mitochondrial antibody were found to have a higher prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, of abnormal liver function tests, of other autoantibodies, and of histological abnromalitis of liver than those in whom these tests were negative.
Value of beryllium lymphocyte transformation tests in chronic beryllium disease and in potentially exposed workers
Authors: W J. Williams, W. Williams
Journal: Thorax (1983)

The beryllium lymphocyte transformation test was performed on 16 patients with chronic beryllium disease, 10 subjects (seven patients and three young boys) who were under suspicion, and 117 healthy beryllium workers. The tests gave a positive response in all patients with definite disease and a negative response in the suspected group. Two of the healthy workers had a positive response, indicating both exposure and sensitisation. It is not known whether sensitised workers are more liable to develop disease. We consider that the test is of value in the diagnosis of beryllium disease and advocate its use in monitoring the health of potentially exposed workers.
Systematic Review of the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Extradural Spine Cord Compression: The Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative's Neuro-Oncology Disease Site Group
Authors: Marc C. Chamberlain, Andrew Sloan, Frank Vrionis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Purpose This systematic review describes the diagnosis and management of adult patients with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of extradural malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC). Methods MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to January 2004 using the following terms: spinal cord compression, nerve compression syndromes, spinal cord neoplasms, clinical trial, meta-analysis, and systematic review. Results Symptoms for MSCC include sensory changes, autonomic dysfunction, and back pain; however, back pain was not predictive of MSCC. The sensitivity and specificity for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) range from 0.44 to 0.93 and 0.90 to 0.98, respectively, in the diagnosis of MSCC. The sensitivity and specificity for myelography range from 0.71 to 0.97 and 0.88 to 1.00, respectively. A randomized study detected higher ambulation rates in patients with MSCC who received high-dose dexamethasone before radiotherapy (RT) compared with patients who did not receive corticosteroids...
Thyronamine, a new inotropic agent: its cardiovascular effects and mechanism of action
Authors: P. COTE, R. A. POLUMBO, D. C. HARRISON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article Thyronamine, a new inotropic agent: its cardiovascular effects and mechanism of action Get access PIERRE CÔTÉ, PIERRE CÔTÉ From the Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RALPH A. POLUMBO, RALPH A. POLUMBO From the Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DONALD C. HARRISON DONALD C. HARRISON From the Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 6, November 1974, Pages 721–730, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.6.721 Published: 01 November 1974
Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects.
Authors: J R Goldsmith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Public and occupational exposures to microwave (RF) are of two main types. The first type of exposures are those connected with military and industrial uses and, to some extent broadcast exposures. It is this type that most of the data cited in this study draw upon. The second type, cellular telephones and their associated broadcast requirements, have raised concerns about current exposures because of their increasingly widespread use. Four types of effects were originally reported in multiple studies: increased spontaneous abortion, shifts in red and white blood cell counts, increased somatic mutation rates in lymphocytes, and increased childhood, testicular, and other cancers. In addition, there is evidence of generalized increased disability rates from a variety of causes in one study and symptoms of sensitivity reactions and lenticular opacity in at least one other. These findings suggest that RF exposures are potentially carcinogenic and have other health effects. Therefore, prudent avoidance of unneeded exposures is recommended as a precautionary measure. Epidemiologic studies of occupational groups such as military users and air traffic controllers should have high priority because their exposures can be reasonably well characterized and the effects reported are suitable for epidemiologic monitoring. Additional community studies are needed.
The Mind Prepared: Hypnosis in Surgery
Authors: D. Spiegel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

In 1846, a Scottish surgeon named James Esdaile reported 80% surgical anesthesia using hypnosis as the sole anesthetic for amputations in India. His work caused sufficient stir that when ether anesthesia was demonstrated in what is now called the Ether Dome at the Massachusetts General Hospital on October 16 of that same year, a surgeon strode to the front of the amphitheater and said, “Gentlemen, this is no humbug,” to distinguish his surgical team’s demonstration from Esdaile’s report. It has taken us a century and a half to rediscover the fact that the mind has something to do with pain and can be a powerful tool in controlling it: the strain in pain lies mainly in the brain. In this issue of the Journal, Montgomery et al. ( 1 ) report the results of a randomized trial conducted among 200 patients who underwent excisional breast biopsy or lumpectomy for breast cancer. Patients were assigned to either routine anesthesia plus nondirective empathic listening (the control condition) or a very brief 15-minute presurgery hypnosis session. The hypnosis, which the authors describe in very cursory fashion, consisted of “a relaxationbased induction (including imagery for muscle relaxation), suggestions for pleasant visual imagery, suggestions to experience relaxation and peace, specifi c symptom-focused suggestions (i.e., to experience reduced pain, nausea, and fatigue), a deepening procedure, and instructions for how patients could use hypnosis on their own following the intervention session.” This brief hypnotic preparation was suffi cient to produce a statistically signifi cant reduction in the use of propofol and lidocaine; yet despite this, patients in the intervention group reported less pain, nausea, fatigue, discomfort, and emotional upset than did patients in the control group. Doing good also meant doing well, in that the use of hypnosis
Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation in a Patient With Severe Aortic Stenosis and Pott Disease
Authors: Rodrigo H. Bagur, Daniel Doyle, Eric Dumont, Robert De Larochellière, Jerôme Lemieux, Sébastien Bergeron, Jean-Luc Gingras, Olivier F. Bertrand, Philippe Pibarot, Josep Rodés-Cabau
Journal: Circulation (2009)
&lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;H of Rat Tumors and Some Comparisons With the Lissamine-Green Circulation Test
Authors: H. Kaiiler, B. Moore
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

A study of some factors influencing the pH of rat tumors, as measured with the capillary glass electrode, revealed that the pH of muscle of rats with a tumor is similar to the reported pH of human blood from patients with a tumor. Data are given on the pH of tumors with different amounts of injected glucose and with different ages of the tumor. The time to reach a minimum pH after glucose injection depends on the route of injection, the amount of glucose injected, and the environmental temperature of the rat. The Jensen sarcoma and Murphy lymphosarcoma differ in their ability to metabolize galactose. The Lissamine-Green circulation indicator was used in the study of tissue and the circulation correlated with pH drop after glucose injection. Errors of the method are discussed.
Hodgkin disease and red cell aplasia
Authors: Elaine Morgan, Kin Man Pang, E. Goldwasser
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1978)

Abstract A teenage boy with mixed‐cellularity Hodgkin disease presented with severe anemia secondary to pure red cell aplasia of marrow without evidence of lymphomatous infiltration or hemolysis. In vitro studies of the patient's serum demonstrated an inhibitor of erythropoietin activity which appeared to be an IgG but which did not directly bind erythropoietin. The patient's anemia resolved and the inhibitor disappeared following chemotherapy for Hodgkin disease. Presumably, the inhibitor was directed at a very early stage of red blood cell production. This phenomenon may be related to other autoimmune manifestations occasionally seen in patients with lymphomas. The case is presented to bring attention to the unusual occurrence of red cell aplasia in Hodgkin disease. Several hypotheses concerning significance and etiology of the anemia are detailed.
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF GLOMERULAR PERMEABILITY USING CATALASE AND PEROXIDASE AS TRACER PROTEINS
Authors: M. A. Venkatachalam, M. J. Karnovsky, H. D. Fahimi, R. S. Cotran
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

Mice were injected intravenously with beef liver catalase (mol wt 240,000) and very small doses of horseradish peroxidase (mol wt 40,000) and the site of localization of these enzymes in the kidney was studied by ultrastructural cytochemistry. 1 min after injection, catalase was present in glomerular capillary lumina and there was minimal permeation of the basement membrane. After 5-180 min, staining of the basement membrane increased progressively but was usually less than that in capillary lumina. At all time intervals the inner (sub-endothelial) layer of the basement membrane contained more reaction product than the lamina densa and the outer (subepithelial) layer. Catalase permeated the entire thickness of the basement membrane and extended up to the slit pore but not beyond the level of the slit diaphragm and was not seen in the urinary space or tubular lumina. Horseradish peroxidase permeated the whole thickness of the basement membrane within 2 min after injection; however, gradients of staining from the inner to outer layers of the basement membrane were frequently seen. The findings with both enzymes indicate that (a) the basement membrane restricts the passage of proteins over a wide range of molecular size with increasing impediment for larger molecules and (b) the slit pore functions as an additional barrier for molecules that cross the basement membrane.