tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A man with pain in his right ear
Authors: L. Sanyaolu, S. Farmer, A. Raza
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> The transcription factor CUX1 is known as a regulator of cell differentiation and cell cycle progression. Previously, CUX1 was identified as a modulator of invasiveness in various cancers. Based on expression profiles suggesting a role for CUX1 in mediating chemoresistance, the aim of this study was to characterise the effect of CUX1 on apoptosis as well as its regulation by signalling pathways modulating drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. <h3>Methods</h3> The effect of CUX1 on TRAIL- (tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) and drug-induced apoptosis was analysed using overexpression and knock-down strategies. Regulation of CUX1 by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling was examined at the mRNA and protein level. The effect of CUX1 knock-down by nanoparticle-complexed small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vivo was analysed in a murine xenograft model. Furthermore, <i>CUX1</i> RNA and protein expression was evaluated in human pancreatic cancer and adjacent normal tissues. <h3>Results</h3> Knock-down of CUX1 resulted in significantly enhanced TRAIL- and drug-induced apoptosis, associated with increased PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) cleavage and caspase activity. Vice versa, overexpression of CUX1 inhibited apoptosis. CUX1 expression was induced by activation of Akt/protein kinase B signalling, and decreased by PI3K inhibitors. The antiapoptotic effect of CUX1 was associated with upregulation of BCL2 and downregulation of tumour necrosis factor α. CUX1 was significantly overexpressed in pancreatic cancers, as analysed by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. In vivo, silencing of CUX1 by intratumourally administered polyethylenimine-complexed siRNA led to reduced tumour growth and increased apoptosis in pancreatic cancer xenografts. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CUX1 was identified as an important mediator of tumour cell survival in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Nitrate Therapy in Stable Angina Pectoris
Authors: John A. Oates, Alastair J.J. Wood, John O. Parker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

NITROGLYCERIN, which was first synthesized in 1846 and known as glonoine, was initially employed by homeopathic physicians to treat headaches and palpitations.1 Sir Lauder Brunton2 reported on the use of amyl nitrite in 1867, and in 1879, William Murrell3 described the beneficial effects of nitroglycerin in patients with angina pectoris. Several organic nitrates with various formulations are currently available, but controversy has arisen regarding their clinical efficacy and the fact that during sustained therapy, the effects of the nitrates are substantially diminished as compared with their short-term effects. Attenuation of the antianginal effects during sustained therapy suggests that nitrate tolerance . . .
SOME OF THE MINOR IMMORALITIES OF THE TOBACCO HABIT.
Authors: MATTHEW WOODS
Journal: JAMA (1899)

When first aroused by feelings akin to indignation by the announcement that this society was about to give a "smoker," it was not because I loved less the brethren chiefly instrumental in making the compromising spectacle possible, but because I loved my profession and alma mater more. I had been taught, and still believe, that medicine is a sacred calling, that it combines in itself the excellencies of all professions, just as the greater contains the less; that the physician is, or ought to be, a man set apart, devoted to the betterment, not the destructive pleasures, or obliteration of the better interests of humanity, for the broad study of medicine, not to be confined within the narrow limits of therapeutics, considers man morally as well as physically and includes within its sphere the issues of life and death. As law concerns itself with his constitutional and other rights, theology
Black Medical Student Enrollment: Let's Hear It for East Carolina University School of Medicine
Authors: Zubie W. Metcalf
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article titled "Black Student Enrollment in US Medical Schools"<sup>1</sup>presents important data about the entry of blacks and other underrepresented minorities into medical school. The facts and figures in the article provide convincing evidence of the need to increase efforts in recruiting and retaining underrepresented minorities in medical school. The section of the article about possible solutions states that "several US medical schools have distinguished themselves by having a relatively high percentage of underrepresented minorities in their entering class." The article continues by stating that in addition to the traditionally black medical schools, 15 medical institutions had entering classes of which more than 15% were minorities in 1987 to 1988. It recognizes one school in North Carolina that had only a 15% minority entry that year and omits the relatively new East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, which had a 15.3% minority entry
The management of cancer pain
Authors: N. I. Cherny
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2000)

Any therapeutic strategy developed for patients experiencing cancer pain depends on the goals of care, which can be broadly categorized as prolonging survival, optimizing comfort, and optimizing function. The relative priority of these goals for any individual should direct therapeutic decision-making. By combining primary treatments, systemic analgesic agents, and other techniques, most cancer patients can achieve satisfactory relief of pain. In cases where pain appears refractory to these interventions, invasive anesthetic or neurosurgical maneuvers may be necessary, and sedation may be offered to those with unrelieved pain at the end of life. The principles of analgesic therapy are presented, as well as the practical issues involved in drug administration, ranging from calculating dosage to adverse effects, and, when necessary, how to switch and/or combine therapies. Adjuvant analgesics, which are drugs indicated for purposes other than relief of pain but which may have analgesic effects, are also listed and discussed in some detail. Surgical and neurodestructive techniques, such as rhizotomy or cordotomy, although not frequently required or performed, represent yet other options for patients with unremitting pain and diminished hope of relief. Although cancer pain can be a complex medical problem arising from multiple sources, patients should be assured that suffering is not inevitable and that relief is attainable.
Immunodominance of H60 Is Caused by an Abnormally High Precursor T Cell Pool Directed against Its Unique Minor Histocompatibility Antigen Peptide
Authors: Eun Young Choi, Gregory J Christianson, Yoshitaka Yoshimura, Thomas J Sproule, Nadja Jung, Sebastian Joyce, Derry C Roopenian
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Severely malformed children.
Authors: R B Zachary
Journal: BMJ (1973)

miRnsH MEDICAL JouRNAL 26 MAY 1973 to intervene inmiediately in crisis situations, and worked out a shorter and more practical technique of interviewing than social workers are traditionally taught.I suspect that many more social workers would do the same if given the chance.At present most of them can only be contacted during office hours and then only if the clerk in the social services department office chooses to tell them that you phoned.The ideal would be local-authority attachment to particular prac- tices, but the next best thing would be re- imbursement of the social workeres salary.
Value of Ga-67 SPECT in Monitoring the Effects of Therapy in Invasive Aspergillosis of the Sphenoid Sinus
Authors: KAI-YUAN TZEN, TZU-CHEN YEN, KUN-JU LIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

We report a case of invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis clinically presenting as a pituitary mass.After exploration via the trans-sphenoidal approach and subsequent treatment with amphotericin-B, Ga-67 brain SPECT was performed twice to monitor the therapeutic effect.Three months after antifungal treatment, Ga-67 brain SPECT showed partial resolution of the lesion in the sella turcica region. The patient continued with fluconazole treatment for another 2 months and received another Ga-67 brain SPECT, which showed complete clearing of the previous lesion.Ga-67 brain SPECT may play a potentially useful role in monitoring the therapeutic effect of treatment of invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis.
Infiltrating CD45RC? T cells are associated with immunologic unresponsiveness induced by donor class I major histocompatibility complex antigens in rats
Authors: Yasuo Yamaguchi, Nobutomo Miyanari, Osamu Ichiguchi, Eiji Akizuki, Fujio Matsumura, Teishi Matsuda, Kazutoshi Okabe, Jian Liang, Hajime Ohshiro, Katsutaka Mori, Michio Ogawa
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

It has previously been shown that a single intravenous injection of freshly heparinized donor-specific blood transfusion (DST) before transplantation significantly prolongs the survival of fully allogeneic ACI (RT1 a )-to-LEW(RT1 1 ) rat hepatic allografts. Additionally, we have shown that pretreatment of LEW rats with PVG.r1 blood, which shares only the RT1.A major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region with ACI, significantly prolongs the survival of ACI hepatic allografts. In this study, we report the cellular identity of hepatic allograft leukocyte infiltrates following transplantation. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis revealed that CD4 + T cells infiltrating liver allografts could be divided into two subsets, CD45RC − CD4 + and CD45RC + CD4 + T cells, and that the ratio of CD45RC − CD4 + /CD45RC + CD4 + T cells was significantly higher in hepatic allografts of recipients pretreated with DST or PVG.r1 blood as compared to untreated allografts. Further, CD8 + T cells that accumulated in the liver grafts could be similarly divided into two subsets, and the ratio of CD45RC − CD8 + /CD45RC + CD8 + T cells was also significantly higher in hepatic allografts of recipients pretreated with DST or PVG.r1 blood. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that CD45RC − CD4 + T cells harvested from hepatic allografts pretreated with PVG.r1 blood expressed interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), but not interleukin-2 (IL-2) or interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In contrast, CD45RC − CD8 + T cells from hepatic allografts pretreated with PVG.r1 blood expressed IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-λ, but not IL-2. These results indicate that the CD45RC leukocyte common antigen could be used to differentiate CD4 + and CD8 + T cells following pretreatment with DST or PVG.r1 blood. Persistent infiltration of CD45RC − CD4 + and CD45RC − CD8 + T cells, capable of secreting Th2-type cytokines may prevent allograft rejection by causing immunologic unresponsiveness.
Intensive Care Unit Management of Patients with Severe Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Heart Failure
Authors: Marius M. Hoeper, John Granton
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<Pathophysiology of Right ...Factors Triggering Right ...Monitoring on the ICUManagement of RV Failure ...Special Considerations fo...Lung Transplantation, Bri...Ethical considerations an...Summary and OutlookReferencesCITING ARTICLES
HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation after removal of αβ+ T and B cells in children with nonmalignant disorders
Authors: Alice Bertaina, Pietro Merli, Sergio Rutella, Daria Pagliara, Maria Ester Bernardo, Riccardo Masetti, Daniela Pende, Michela Falco, Rupert Handgretinger, Francesca Moretta, Barbarella Lucarelli, Letizia P. Brescia, Giuseppina Li Pira, Manuela Testi, Caterina Cancrini, Nabil Kabbara, Rita Carsetti, Andrea Finocchi, Alessandro Moretta, Lorenzo Moretta, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2014)
Intraocular cysticercosis: clinical characteristics and visual outcome after vitreoretinal surgery
Authors: Tarun Sharma, Sourav Sinha, Nitant Shah, Lingam Gopal, Mahesh P Shanmugam, Pramod Bhende, Muna Bhende, Nitin S Shetty, Rajat Agrawal, Dhanashree Deshpande, Jyotirmay Biswas, B Sukumar
Journal: Ophthalmology (2003)
Adverse reproductive outcomes in women who subsequently develop rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A J Silman, E Roman, V Beral, A Brown
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

The rates of adverse reproductive outcomes in 40 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with 67 of their unaffected female relatives. All women were aged between 35 and 65 years at the time of inquiry. Seven of the women with RA reported a perinatal death (six stillbirths, one early neonatal death) compared with one women in the unaffected group: estimated age adjusted relative risk (R) = 12.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6-91.1. The rate of spontaneous abortions was, however, not significantly different between the two groups (R = 1.2, 95% CI 0.5-2.9). All the perinatal deaths occurred before clinical disease onset in the women with RA. It is possible that in these two groups of women with a similar genetic background perinatal loss may be related, at least in part, to disease expression.
Human factor VIII procoagulant protein. Monoclonal antibodies define precursor-product relationships and functional epitopes.
Authors: C A Fulcher, J R Roberts, L Z Holland, T S Zimmerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The human Factor VIII procoagulant protein (VIII:C) purified from commercial Factor VIII concentrate consisted of a polypeptide doublet of 80,000 mol wt, a 92,000-mol wt polypeptide, and additional polypeptides of up to 188,000 mol wt. Thrombin digests contained a doublet of 72,000 mol wt, as well as 54,000- and 44,000-mol wt fragments. Proteolysis studies of purified VIII:C using thrombin and activated protein C have suggested that the 92,000- and 80,000 (or 72,000)-mol wt polypeptides comprise activated VIII:C. We have now used seven monoclonal antibodies raised against purified VIII:C to construct a preliminary epitope map of these VIII:C polypeptides. The specific VIII:C polypeptides with which the monoclonal antibodies reacted were determined by immunoblotting of VIII:C onto nitrocellulose sheets after reduced NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A minimum of five distinct epitopes were defined by these monoclonal anti-VIII:C antibodies. Identification of polypeptides bearing these epitopes allowed localization of distinct thrombin cleavage sites to the 92,000- and 80,000-mol wt chains, helped define polypeptide chain precursor-product relationships, and suggested that both the 92,000- and 80,000-mol wt polypeptides are necessary for VIII:C function. These data and their interpretation are consistent with the published description of the complete primary structure of VIII:C and its thrombin cleavage products. The 92,000- and 80,000-mol wt chains have been located at the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends of the molecule, respectively.
Opposing actions of c-ets/PU.1 and c-myb protooncogene products in regulating the macrophage-specific promoters of the human and mouse colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (c-fms) genes.
Authors: M A Reddy, B S Yang, X Yue, C J Barnett, I L Ross, M J Sweet, D A Hume, M C Ostrowski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

The receptor for macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1), the c-fms gene product, is a key determinant in the differentiation of monocytic phagocytes. Dissection of the human and mouse c-fms proximal promoters revealed opposing roles for nuclear protooncogenes in the transcriptional regulation of this gene. On the one hand, c-ets-1, c-ets-2, and the macrophage-specific factor PU.1, but not the ets-factor PEA3, trans-activated the c-fms proximal promoter. On the other hand c-myb repressed proximal promoter activity in macrophages and blocked the action of c-ets-1 and c-ets-2. Basal c-fms promoter activity was almost undetectable in the M1 leukaemia line, which expressed high levels of c-myb, but was activated as cells differentiated in response to leukemia inhibitory factor and expressed c-fms mRNA. The repressor function of c-myb depended on the COOH-terminal domain of the protein. We propose that ets-factors are necessary for the tissue-restricted expression of c-fms and that c-myb acts to ensure correct temporal expression of c-fms during myeloid differentiation.
Gallium Activity in the Normal Colon at Six Hours: A Case Report
Authors: C RICHARD GOLDFARB, PAUL M. LEIMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Unilateral increased activity in the lower extremities was noted in 5 patients who underwent routine 99mTc-pyrophosphate bone imaging for metastatic evaluation. In three patients a large pelvic mass or retroperitoneal hematoma was noted on the affected side. Clinical evidence of lymphatic obstruction was apparent in two cases with pelvic mass. In the fourth case, venous disease (thrombophlebitis) was noted and the fifth case showed osteomyelitis. The possible mechanism for this phenomenon may include obstruction of the lymphatic or venous circulation and inflammation. Other causes of soft tissue uptake of 99mTc-PYP are reviewed. The above mentioned conditions must be excluded when asymmetrical activity of 99mTc-PYP is seen on routine bone imaging.
Intraperitoneal curcumin decreased lung, renal and heart injury in abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion model in rat
Authors: Mehmet Salih Aydin, Ahmet Caliskan, Aydemir Kocarslan, Sezen Kocarslan, Ali Yildiz, Samil Günay, Emin Savik, Abdussemet Hazar, Funda Yalcin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
Lead, Health Food, and Leukemia
Authors: Klaus Schwarz
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Three items normally not connected with each other in our minds, namely, lead, health food, and leukemia, were treated jointly in the elegantly written article by William H. Crosby, MD, entitled "Lead-Contaminated Health Food: Association with Lead Poisoning and Leukemia" (237: 2627, 1977), and in an accompanying editorial (p 2636) that dramatized this multimessaged communication. Permit me to comment since the article described how I recognized by proxy a case of lead poisoning in a patient who contacted me in 1970. She described her story and her symptoms to me in a letter, and I diagnosed this case<i>tentatively</i>as one of lead poisoning, even though I am not a toxicologist, as alleged in the article. I have never seen the patient but have had lengthy telephone discussions with her and the treating physician. To my knowledge it has not been proved beyond any reasonable doubt that
Common Symptoms of Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Isadore Rossman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Patients present themselves in the physician's office with symptoms rather than with named syndromes and diseases. Thus, a text that discusses symptoms as such would seem, a priori, both reasonable and useful as a teaching device. Symptom lists, in one possible form much larger than this small book, could generate patient flow charts; in another they could well be an orientation to that future in which the computer will contribute to more accurate differential diagnosis. In practice, however, books of symptoms face formidable problems, including dealing with the obvious to the point of being tedious, or grappling with space problems that reduce "constipation" or "diarrhea" to a page or two, as in the present text. In a scant 132 pages, Professor Hodkinson has dealt about as well with the topic as can be done, considering his many constraints. Some of the topics he considers include "How Diseases Differ in Old
Congenital Spleen Thinning Mimicking a Space-occupying Lesion
Authors: RICKY W. McCULLOUGH, DENNIS MOONAN, SANFORD SCHATZ, ELAN GANDSMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

By splenic imaging, a large focal defect was demonstrated in a symptomatic South American immigrant with simultaneous parasitic infestation of strongyloidiasis and entamebiasis. The CT scan also was thought to be abnormal. Pathologic findings reported a variation in splenic configuration. Unusual splenic configuration should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abnormal scans.
Integrated regional haemodialysis and renal transplantation centre.
Authors: R A Branch, G A Coles, D L Crosby, J H Jones, M Sussman, W J Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1970)

During the first year of an integrated hospital haemodialysis/home dialysis/renal transplant- ation service 56 patients with chronic renal failure were accepted for treatment.Twenty-five of these have had a cadaveric renal transplant, seven are established on home dialysis, and 18 are still receiving maintenance dialysis in the 10-bedded hospital unit.The overall survival rate is 66%.The rate of referral from the immediate vicinity of the unit of patients suitable for treatment by these methods was about 25-30 per million per year.
Ten more trusts are told to make urgent improvements
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Ten more NHS trusts in England have been told by the Care Quality Commission that they must urgently deal with concerns about safety and quality of care before they can be granted a licence to provide services. On 19 March Mid Staffordshire and Milton Keynes Hospital NHS Foundation Trusts also had conditions placed on their registration under the new tougher regulatory system ( BMJ 2010;340:c1608, 19 Mar, doi:10.1136/bmj.c1608).

In this second wave of announcements the Care Quality Commission says it will register a further 204 NHS trusts without conditions, bringing the total registered to date to 280. All 381 NHS trusts in England have to be registered with the commission by 1 April.

The commission’s chairwoman, Jo Williams, said, “This is just the first step in a tough new system of regulation. Once trusts are registered we will be monitoring them constantly, carrying out more unannounced inspections and using our enforcement powers to …
Safety review shows increased reporting of adverse incidents with drugs in NHS
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The number of reports of adverse incidents involving drugs has increased considerably, shows a review of drug incidents throughout the NHS in England and Wales published this week, which indicates that the reporting culture has improved.

The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) found a large increase in the reporting of drug incidents to the National Reporting and Learning Service (NRLS), a system for collecting reports of health system failures and errors in all NHS organisations, from 64 678 incidents reported in 2006 to 86 085 in 2007.

The report’s authors consider that the increase indicates that the NHS has improved its reporting culture and that health professionals are more willing to come …
Myocardial Thinning in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Neng Dai, Da-Chun Xu, Ya-Wei Xu
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal