tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bronchiolitis obliterans following the ingestion of an Asian shrub leaf
Authors: T. W. Higenbottam
Journal: Thorax (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are catastrophic events associated with a high mortality rate. An estimation of 6 million people in the United States have reported IAs, raising a pressing need for diagnostic tools to assess IAs rupture risks. Current population-based guidelines are imperfect, hence the need for new quantifiable variables and imaging markers. Aneurysm wall motion has been identified as a potential marker of high risk aneurysms, but conventional imaging techniques are challenged by small IAs sizes and limited spatial resolution. Recently, amplified Flow (aFlow) has been introduced as an algorithm which allows visualization and quantification of aneurysm wall motion based on amplification of 4D flow MRI data. In this work, we used aFlow to assess IAs wall motion in patients with growing aneurysms. The results were compared with a patient cohort with stable aneurysms. Among 118 patients with unruptured IAs who underwent sequential surveillance imaging, 10 patients with growing IAs who had baseline 3D TOF-MRA and 4D flow MR imaging were identified and matched with another cohort of patients with stable IAs based on IAs size and location. aFlow was then applied to the 4D flow MR data to amplify the aneurysm wall displacement. Voxel-based values of displacement were extracted for each aneurysm and normalized with respect to the reference parent artery. Following histogram analysis, the highest and lowest IAs displacements were calculated, together with their standard deviation and interquartile ranges. A paired-wise analysis was adopted to assess the differences among clinical variables, demographic data, morphological features, and aFlow parameters between patients with stable versus growing aneurysm. Results demonstrated higher wall motion and higher variability of deformation for the growing aneurysms, possibly due to inhomogeneities of the mechanical characteristics of the vessels walls or to underlying hemodynamics. Computational Fluid Dynamic simulation was also conducted for a subset of 6 stable and 6 growing aneurysms to examine the correlation between hemodynamic parameters, wall motion, and aneurysm stability. The magnitude and variance of directional wall shear stress gradient, in addition to area of colocation of elevated oscillatory shear stress and high variance in pressure, were highly correlated with both wall motion and aneurysm stability. We demonstrated here that the measurement and amplification of the aneurysm wall motion achieved with our method has the potential to differentiate stable from growing aneurysms, and potentially act as a substitute for in depth computational fluid dynamic analysis.
Methonium Compounds in the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: S. Locket, P. G. Swann, W. S. M. Grieve
Journal: BMJ (1951)

One may end on a frankly physiological and even more frankly speculative note.The physiological in- terest of ganglia lies particularly in their relation to the other two synapses-the motor end-plate between nerve and muscle, and that between nerve cells-the central nervous synapse.A longer-chained member of the methonium series, decamethonium, acts only at the myoneural junction.Next to this there are penta- methonium and hexamethonium, closely related to deca- methonium but acting only at the ganglionic synapse.May not this be a pointer to yet other compounds specific for the central nervous synapse ?And if there are, may there not be, as with ganglia, degrees of specificity within the central nervous system ?It is engaging to consider what sorts of action one might expect from such drugs.One thing, at least, seems certain-that the synapse in its various forms has many problems and surprises in store for both clinician and physiologist.
Expression and Functional Significance of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors in Human Myocardium
Authors: Guillermo Torre-Amione, Samir Kapadia, Joseph Lee, Roger D. Bies, Russel Lebovitz, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine with potent negative inotropic properties, is elaborated in septic shock, acute myocarditis, reperfusion injury, and congestive heart failure. TNF-α acts by binding to two specific receptors: TNFR1 and TNFR2. However, neither the presence nor the significance of TNF receptors has been studied in the adult mammalian heart. Methods and Results In the present study, we showed that the adult heart expresses mRNA and receptor proteins for TNFR1 and TNFR2. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining studies localized TNFR1 and TNFR2 to the cardiac myocyte, providing a potential signaling pathway for the deleterious effects of TNF-α. The functional significance of the expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was explored with the use of a simple cell motion assay in which we assessed the effect(s) of TNF-α mutants known to bind selectively to human TNFR1 and TNFR2. We showed that the negative inotropic effect of wild-type TNF-α in isolated feline cardiac myocytes was mimicked by the TNF mutant that binds to TNFR1, whereas the TNF mutant that binds to TNFR2 had no significant effect on cell motion. Conclusions Results of the present study show that the adult human heart expresses both mRNA and receptor proteins for TNFR1 and TNFR2; moreover, the negative inotropic effects of TNF-α in adult cardiac myocytes appear to be initiated by activation of TNFR1.
Prenatal and Postnatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Body Mass Index in Childhood in the CHAMACOS Cohort
Authors: Kim G. Harley, Raul Aguilar Schall, Jonathan Chevrier, Kristin Tyler, Helen Aguirre, Asa Bradman, Nina T. Holland, Robert H. Lustig, Antonia M. Calafat, Brenda Eskenazi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been associated with increased body weight and fat deposition in rodents.Objectives: We examined whether prenatal and postnatal urinary BPA concentrations were associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent body fat, and obesity in 9-year-old children (n = 311) in the CHAMACOS longitudinal cohort study.Methods: BPA was measured in spot urine samples collected from mothers twice during pregnancy and from children at 5 and 9 years of age.Results: Prenatal urinary BPA concentrations were associated with decreased BMI at 9 years of age in girls but not boys. Among girls, being in the highest tertile of prenatal BPA concentrations was associated with decreased BMI z-score (β = –0.47, 95% CI: –0.87, –0.07) and percent body fat (β = –4.36, 95% CI: –8.37, –0.34) and decreased odds of overweight/obesity [odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.91] compared with girls in the lowest tertile. These findings were strongest in prepubertal girls. Urinary BPA concentrations at 5 years of age were not associated with any anthropometric parameters at 5 or 9 years, but BPA concentrations at 9 years were positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and overweight/obesity at 9 years in boys and girls.Conclusions: Consistent with other cross-sectional studies, higher urinary BPA concentrations at 9 years of age were associated with increased adiposity at 9 years. However, increasing BPA concentrations in mothers during pregnancy were associated with decreased BMI, body fat, and overweight/obesity among their daughters at 9 years of age.
Enhanced Enzymatic Thermal Stability and Activity in Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Monitored by <sup>31</sup>P NMR
Authors: Kheireddine El‐Boubbou, David A. Schofield, Christopher C. Landry
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) is immobilized on ammonium-modified mesoporous silica particles. Thermal stability and activity are measured with a 31P NMR assay of the conversion of paraoxon (toxic) to its non-toxic hydrolysisproduct. After immobilization, OPH is significantly more active at room temperature and retained activity even after being heated to 45 °C for 1 month.
Echocardiographic assessment of bicuspid aortic valves. Angiographic and pathological correlates.
Authors: D J Radford, K R Bloom, T Izukawa, C A Moes, R D Rowe
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Aortic root echocardiograms were recorded from 89 patients whose aortic valves had also been adequately defined by selective angiography or viewed surgically or at autopsy. The eccentricity index (E.I.) of the aortic leaflets was measured at the onset of diastole and an E.I. of 1.3 or greater was taken as abnormal. Of 31 patients with isolated nonobstruced or mildly obstructed bicuspid aortic valves (7 viewed previously at valvotomy and 24 diagnosed radiologically) 23 (74%) had an abnormal E.I. Varying eccentricity occurred in some of these patients. Central leaflet echoes (E.I. of 1.0 to 1.25) were present in the other eight patients. All 14 patients with nonobstructed tricuspid aortic valves had central echoes. Additional multilayered diastolic echoes were found in patients with bicuspid aortic valves as well as in two patients with abnormal tricuspid aortic valves. The valves of 13 patients with aortic stenosis or incompetence were viewed surgically and the E.I. was abnormal in all patients with a bicuspid aortic valve in this group. Aortic leaflet echo findings were not diagnostically helpful in ten patients with tetralogy of Fallot, one of whom had a normal E.I. with a surgically confirmed bicuspid aortic valve. Of 21 patients with VSD only one had a bicuspid aortic valve but six had an abnormal E.I. This false positive sign was related to a high membranous VSD, sometimes with aortic valve prolapse. It is concluded that an E.I. of greater than or equal to 1.3 in the absence of an associated VSD is diagnostic of a bicuspid aortic valve and can be expected to be found in approximately three-quarters of subjects with this abnormality.
Endoscopic Removal of a Biliary Wallstent with a Suture-Cutting Device in a Patient with Primary Pancreatic Lymphoma
Authors: M. J. Levy, M. J. Wiersema
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

This report describes the case of a 74-year-old woman who had previously had a metal stent placed to relieve jaundice resulting from a pancreatic head tumor, suspected to be adenocarcinoma. The tumor was subsequently found to be a non-Hodgkin's large-cell lymphoma, which had shown a rapid response to chemotherapy without tumor recurrence in over 3 years since the diagnosis. She was referred for management of recurrent jaundice and cholangitis resulting from repeated metal stent occlusion, despite multiple endoscopic procedures and failed surgical removal. This report describes experience with the use of an endoscopic suture-cutting device to assist in the removal of the metal stent. It also highlights the need for proper patient selection before placement of biliary metal stents.
Bar Coding for Patient Safety
Authors: Alexi A. Wright, Ingrid T. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A small revolution in patient safety is taking place in the basement of our hospital. Deep underground, in a windowless room about the size of a closet, sits a 6-ft-long hydraulic machine straight out of Willy Wonka's chocolate factory. With the flip of a switch, it spins to life, spitting out drugs on a miniature conveyer belt. Single pills, prepackaged in foil, and bottles intermingle along the track, inching toward the end, where they are each individually bar-coded. The machine is a central part of a new hospital-wide system that is so complex it requires a multimillion-dollar budget to institute . . .
On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ
Authors: Albert Vorspan
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  We read the article On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ, 1 with astonishment and outrage.  We are astonished that a medical journal would presume to roam beyond the borders of its own expertise into the realm of theology. It is about as appropriate as if we used our magazine, Reform Judaism , to have our rabbis instruct our readers in the technique of open heart surgery. Medicine should be left to the physicians, theology to the theologians, and interpretations of religion to the faith communities.  We are outraged because your illconceived article is filled with historical inaccuracies that are invidious and offensive to the Jewish faith. Even if this were an appropriate subject for JAMA , the involvement of competent Christian scholars and the utilization of Jewish sources would have avoided serious problems.  The editors ofThe Journalowe their readers—who are physicians of many religious backgrounds or
Target-controlled infusion vs. manually controlled infusion of propofol with alfentanil for bidirectional endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Min-Hsien Chiang, Shao-Chun Wu, Chia-Hsun You, Keng-Liang Wu, Yi-Chun Chiu, Chao-Wei Ma, Chin-Wei Kao, Kun-Chen Lin, Kuan-Hung Chen, Peng-Chih Wang, An-Kuo Chou
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

<b>Background and study aims</b>: The best anesthesia methods for analgesia and sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy are still debated. The aim of this study was to compare the recovery time, clinical presentations, and satisfaction between target-controlled infusion (TCI) and manually controlled infusion (MCI) in same-day bidirectional endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy followed by colonoscopy). <b>Patients and methods:</b> A total of 220 patients with American Society of Anesthesiology physical status 1 or 2 were enrolled and randomized into the TCI or MCI groups. The clinical presentations, vasoactive drug demand, propofol consumption, and adverse events were recorded for both groups peri-procedurally. The concentrations of propofol in the plasma (C<sub>p</sub>) and at the site of drug effect (C<sub>e</sub>) by computerized simulation were also monitored in both groups. Finally, the satisfaction of patients, endoscopists, and nurse anesthetists was assessed by questionnaire after the examinations. <b>Results:</b> Compared with the MCI group, the TCI group had a faster recovery time (17.91 ± 7.72 minutes vs. 14.58 ± 8.55 minutes; <i>P</i> = 0.002), less moderate hypotension (7.37 ± 15.46 % vs. 1.82 ± 5.15 %; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and shorter period of bradypnea (13.81 ± 15.92 % vs. 9.18 ± 12.00 %; <i>P</i> = 0.013). In addition, the TCI group reduced the relative risk of moderate desaturation by 50 % compared with the MCI group (30.9 % vs. 15.5 %; 95 % confidence interval 1.191 – 3.360; <i>P</i> = 0.007). <b>Conclusions:</b> The study demonstrated that TCI of propofol combined with alfentanil was associated with a faster recovery time, and better hemodynamic and respiratory stability than MCI in same-day bidirectional endoscopy. Clinical trial registration: CGMH IRB Identifier 97-0969B
Parents are an untapped resource in sex education
Authors: R. G Pryke
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—It is almost 20 years since Victoria Gillick tried to force doctors to obtain parental consent before treating children. Paradoxically her legacy was to remove any parental role in the provision of contraception for young people.

Britain now has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in Europe and the second highest in the world. Government led attempts to reduce it have focused on endless teenage initiatives, providing ready access to free contraception …
BAP1 loss defines a new class of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Samuel Peña-Llopis, Silvia Vega-Rubín-de-Celis, Arnold Liao, Nan Leng, Andrea Pavía-Jiménez, Shanshan Wang, Toshinari Yamasaki, Leah Zhrebker, Sharanya Sivanand, Patrick Spence, Lisa Kinch, Tina Hambuch, Suneer Jain, Yair Lotan, Vitaly Margulis, Arthur I Sagalowsky, Pia Banerji Summerour, Wareef Kabbani, S W Wendy Wong, Nick Grishin, Marc Laurent, Xian-Jin Xie, Christian D Haudenschild, Mark T Ross, David R Bentley, Payal Kapur, James Brugarolas
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Clinician-Educators in Academic Medical Centers: A Two-Part Challenge
Authors: Wendy Levinson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

As academic medical centers increasingly deliver care in primary care settings, a new category of faculty-clinician-educators-has emerged. Although the shift of education and patient care to outpatient settings makes the expanded role of clinician-educators necessary, it also presents challenges to clinician-educators themselves and to the institutions for which they work. This article examines these contemporary challenges (including financial constraints, undefined processes of promotion, and limited opportunities for professional development) and suggests strategies for meeting them. The number of clinician-educators joining the ranks of medical school faculties will probably continue to increase. As clinician-educators seek to provide the highest-quality education and patient care in the new medical marketplace, their success will be critical to the viability of the academic centers of the future.
William Stuart Bost
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former ear, nose, and throat surgeon North Carolina (b Greenville, North Carolina, 1936; q North Carolina), died from lung cancer on 25 July 2002.

William S Bost was formerly chief of staff and then chairman of surgery at the Pitt County Memorial Hospital at Greenville, North Carolina, and played a leading role in the expansion of Pitt from a 100 bed local hospital to a 1200 bed regional hospital. He helped found the Eastern Carolina Brody School of Medicine in Greenville, and served as vice chairman of surgery there. In lieu of payment for treatment, he accepted flats of blueberries, home churned butter, bacon, butterbeans, and corn from patients. He was forced to retire in 2000 after a stroke, which left him legally blind. Instead of accepting his blindness, he pursued neurological research programmes and paid for studies in an attempt to see again. He leaves a wife, Alice; two sons; and three grandchildren.
Facing the Revolution
Authors: Robert Fahrner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

At a time when physicians are under radical pressure to reorganize their management of health services, when medical schools are being told to waive requirements for unqualified students on the basis of social considerations, when, in other disciplines, jittery faculties too often abandon principles wholesale, an eloquent plea for reason has appeared:<i>Revolution As Theatre: Notes on the New Radical Style</i>, by Robert Brustein, dean of the Yale Drama School. However, the book is not about theatre. Its subject is the battle now taking place throughout our educational institutions, and indeed in society as a whole. Convinced that so much of today's radical posturing is not a sign of social transformation, but rather a symptom of acute social disease, Brustein—who arrived at Yale with impeccable liberal credentials, having been drama critic for the<i>New Republic</i>and having written<i>The Theatre of Revolt</i>, a study of nine modern "rebel dramatists"—examines the
[163] CORRELATION BETWEEN HEPATOCYTE AND HEPATIC PROGENITOR CELL REGENERATION AND MODEL FOR END STAGE LIVER DISEASE (MELD) SCORE IN ACUTE SEVERE LIVER IMPAIRMENT
Authors: A. Katoonizadeh, F. Nevens, C. Verslype, J. Pirenne, T. Roskams
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Verapamil: its potential for causing serious complications in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: S E Epstein, D R Rosing
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Verapamil is extremely effective in the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, the basic physiologic actions of the drug may lead to serious adverse effects. An appreciation of this and an understanding of when these adverse effects are most likely to occur will minimize the potential of verapamil to cause serious complications in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
MYCOBACTERIAL SKIN ULCERS
Authors: D. J. P. Barker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article MYCOBACTERIAL SKIN ULCERS Get access D. J. P. Barker D. J. P. Barker Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Southampton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 4, 1 October 1974, Pages 473–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb13090.x Published: 01 October 1974
BMA calls for clarification on EC directive
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The chairman of the General Medical Services Committee, Dr Ian Bogle, has asked the NHS Executive to clarify the position of locums, assistants, and deputies in general practice under a European Community directive, which requires that all doctors working in general practice on 1 January 1995 should be vocationally trained. The GMSC says that it was never the intention that these doctors should be included in the 1986 directive and has asked the NHS Executive to confirm this.

The vocational training regulations were introduced in 1980. Since that date anyone who graduates from a United Kingdom university and wants to enter general practice has had to complete two years in hospital posts and one year in general practice. General practitioner principals who qualified before 1980 and doctors who could show evidence of equivalent experience were exempt. The 1986 directive gave governments eight years to adapt their requirements to the vocational training obligations of general practitioners.

Recent reports in the press have suggested that many doctors, particularly part time women general practitioners, would lose their jobs. The European Commission in London has emphasised that this is not the case. “Neither practising general practitioners nor part time training for women need be affected by the directive,” the commission says. It says that there is nothing in the directive that bans practising general practitioners from continuing to practise after January 1995. The directive seeks to protect the principle of part time training. “If the government wants to cater for different categories of general practitioners in the NHS,” the commission says, “it is therefore perfectly entitled …
Comparative enzymology of native and recombinant house dust mite allergen Der p 1
Authors: J. Zhang, J.‐M. Saint‐Remy, D. R. Garrod, C. Robinson
Journal: Allergy (2009)

The cysteine peptidase activity of group 1 house dust mite allergens is important for their allergenicity and may offer new therapeutic targets for allergy treatment. Hitherto, the design of specific inhibitors has been impeded because the availability of pure, fully active allergens has limited the implementation of drug screening campaigns. Similarly, investigation of the mechanisms by which peptidase allergens promote sensitization has also been restricted. Our aim was to compare the enzymology of recombinant and native forms of Der p 1 to establish if an easily expressed recombinant form of Der p 1 could be used as a drug discovery tool.Enzymatic activity of natural and recombinant Der p 1 was compared fluorimetrically using a novel specific substrate (ADZ 50,059) and a novel specific active site titrant (ADZ 50,000). The effect of recombinant Der p 1 prodomain on the catalytic activity of both Der p 1 preparations was also examined.Although differing substantially in molecular weight, the enzymological properties of recombinant and native Der p 1 were indistinguishable. Our data show clearly by experiment that, in contrast to some suggestions, Der p 1 is not an enzyme of bifunctional mechanism.The catalytic activity of Der p 1 is tolerant of glycosylation differences that occur at N150 when the protein is expressed in Pichia pastoris. This suggests that this recombinant protein may be suitable for drug design studies and in the elucidation of how peptidase activity promotes sensitization to peptidase and nonpeptidase bystander allergens.