tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Referring and Final Pathology for Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network
Authors: Ann S. LaCasce, Michelle E. Kho, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Joyce C. Niland, Gregory A. Abel, Maria Alma Rodriguez, Myron S. Czuczman, Michael M. Millenson, Andrew D. Zelenetz, Jane C. Weeks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Before the implementation of the WHO lymphoma classification system, disagreement about pathologic diagnosis was common. We sought to estimate the impact of expert review in the modern era by comparing final pathologic diagnoses at five comprehensive cancer centers with diagnoses assigned at referring centers.Patients in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) database with a documented pathologic diagnosis before presentation and a final pathologic diagnosis of any of five common B-cell NHLs were eligible. After central review of discordant cases, we estimated the rate of pathologic concordance, then investigated the etiology of discordance as well its potential impact on prognosis and treatment.The overall pathologic discordance rate was 6% (43 of 731 patients; 95% CI, 4% to 8%). For the majority of cases in which the referring diagnosis was apparently final, no additional studies were conducted at the NCCN center, and the change in diagnosis reflected a different interpretation of existing data. Concordance was highest for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (95%) and follicular lymphoma (FL; grades 1, 2, and not otherwise specified, 95%) and lowest for grade 3 FL (88%). Of the 43 pathologically discordant cases, 81% (35 patients) might have experienced a change in treatment as a result of the pathologic reclassification.In the era of the WHO lymphoma classification system, the majority of common B-cell NHLs diagnosed in the community were unchanged by second opinion review by an expert hematopathologist. However, for one patient in 20, there was a discordance in diagnosis that could have altered therapy.
Response to: ‘The influence of inflammation in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriatic arthritis’ by González-Gay<i>et al</i>
Authors: Michael T Nurmohamed, Anna Jamnitski, Deborah Symmons, Mike Johannes Leonardus Peters, Naveed Sattar, Iain McInnes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Slips, trips and falls are common causes of injuries in the workplace. It is estimated that in Great Britain, nearly 1 million days are taken off work due to these injuries. There is some evidence to suggest this accident burden could be reduced by the use of slip resistant footwear. This protocol describes a multicentre trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of slip resistant footwear to prevent slips in National Health Service (NHS) staff working in clinical, general or catering environments. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> A two-arm, randomised controlled trial conducted within England, with 4400 NHS staff, aged 18 years and above, who adhere to a dress code policy and work in a clinical, catering or general hospital environment. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to the intervention or waiting list control group. The intervention group will be offered a pair of 5-star GRIP rated slip resistant footwear. The control group will be offered the footwear at the end of the trial. The primary outcome is the incidence rate of self-reported slips in the workplace over a 14-week period, as reported via weekly text messages. Secondary outcomes include: time to first slip/fall, proportion of participants who slip and fall over 14 weeks and incidence rate of falls resulting from and not resulting from a slip in the workplace over 14 weeks. An economic evaluation will assess cost-effectiveness, in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. A nested qualitative study will explore the acceptability of the footwear and compliance. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This protocol received a favourable ethical opinion from the University of York, Department of Health Sciences Research Governance Committee. The trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. A summary of the findings will be made available to participants. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> ISRCTN33051393; Pre results.
Health, social and economical consequences of sleep-disordered breathing: a controlled national study
Authors: P. Jennum, J. Kjellberg
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> The objective direct and indirect costs of sleep-disordered breathing (snoring, sleep apnoea (SA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS)) and the treatment are incompletely described. <h3>Methods</h3> Using data from the Danish National Patient Registry (1998–2006), 12 045, 19 438 and 755 patients were identified with a diagnosis of snoring, SA and OHS, respectively. For every patient, four age-, sex- and socioeconomic-matched citizens were randomly selected (48 180, 77 752 and 3020, respectively) from the Danish Civil Registration System Statistics Direct costs were extracted from the Danish Ministry of Health, Danish Medicines Agency and National Health Security and indirect costs were based on data derived from the Coherent Social Statistics. <h3>Results</h3> Snoring, and especially SA and OHS, were associated with significantly higher rates of health-related contact, medication use, unemployment and accounted for increased socioeconomic costs (especially indirect costs). These effects increased with the severity of SA and patients with OHS had the lowest employment rates. The income level of patients with SA and OHS who were employed was lower than that of employed control subjects. The annual excess total direct and indirect costs for patients with snoring, SA and OHS were €705, €3860 and €11 320, respectively. Patients with snoring, SA and OHS received an annual mean excess social transfer income of €147, €879 and €3263, respectively. These socioeconomic consequences were present up to 8 years prior to the first diagnosis in patients with SA and OHS, and further increased with disease advancement. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduced mortality in patients with SA but not in those with OHS within an observation period of 2 years. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Sleep-disordered breathing has major socioeconomic consequences for the individual patient and for society. Although CPAP treatment reduces mortality, earlier disease detection could have a greater impact on disease complications.
The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 Inhibitor Down-regulates Interleukin-1β-Mediated Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Lung Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Partha Mukhopadhyay, M. Aktar Ali, Animesh Nandi, Peter Carreon, Hak Choy, Debabrata Saha
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently observed in several human cancers, including lung, colon, and head and neck. Malignancies are also associated with the dysregulation of cell cycle events and concomitant elevated activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). CDK2 is a key cell cycle regulatory protein that controls the transition of cells from G(1) to S phase. In this study, we furnish several lines of evidence that show a functional role for the CDK2 in interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced COX-2 expression in H358 human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line by blocking CDK2 activity. First, we show that BMS-387032, a potent CDK2 inhibitor, blocks IL-1beta-induced expression as well as steady-state mRNA levels of COX-2. Second, we show that small interfering RNA that abrogates CDK2 expression also blocks IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression. Third, results from in vitro kinase assays clearly show that IL-1beta induces CDK2 activity in H358 cells and this activity is significantly inhibited by BMS-387032. Moreover, CDK2 inhibition blocks IL-1beta-induced binding to the NF-IL6 element of the COX-2 promoter and inhibits transcription of the COX-2 gene. We also observed that BMS-387032 does not inhibit endogenous expression of COX-2 or prostaglandin synthesis in lung carcinoma cells. Finally, we provide evidence showing that IL-1beta-induced signaling events, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase, phosphorylated AKT, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, are not inhibited by CDK2 inhibitor. Taken together, the data suggest that CDK2 activity may play an important event in the IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis and might represent a novel target for BMS-387032.
STUDIES IN BOVINE MASTITIS
Authors: F. S. Jones
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1918)

1. The principal sources of streptococcic infection, aside from clinical cases, are apparently normal cows which carry the virus in the udder. 2. These carriers may be grouped as follows: (a) those that have been infected recently and have not yet developed symptoms; (b) those that have suffered from inflammation of the udder and after recovery still harbor streptococci; (c) those that have had no clinical history of mastitis. There is some evidence to lead one to regard the latter group as naturally immune. 3. A milker may readily carry streptococci on his hands from an infected to an uninfected cow. 4. The vaginae of 34 of the 64 cows examined contained non-hemolytic streptococci. Of the 34 strains isolated 32 differed in their cultural characters and agglutination affinities from those associated with mastitis. The other two strains may be regarded as of etiological significance. 5. In no instance have hemolytic streptococci been isolated from the vagina.
Pathological cell-cell interactions are necessary for striatal pathogenesis in a conditional mouse model of Huntington's disease
Authors: Xiaofeng Gu, Véronique M André, Carlos Cepeda, Shi-Hua Li, Xiao-Jiang Li, Michael S Levine, X William Yang
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2007)

Abstract A critical issue in understanding Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis is how the ubiquitously expressed mutant huntingtin (mhtt) with an expanded polyglutamine repeat can cause selective toxicity of striatal and cortical neurons. Two potential cellular models may contribute to such specificity: expression of mhtt in these vulnerable neurons alone may be sufficient to result in their dysfunction and/or degeneration (cell-autonomous model); or mhtt in other cell types can elicit pathological cell-cell interactions to cause the vulnerable neurons to become dysfunctional and be at risk for degeneration (cell-cell interaction model). To distinguish between these two models, we have selectively expressed a neuropathogenic fragment of mhtt-exon1 in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) by crossing a conditional mouse model of HD with a striatal-specific Cre mouse line. In this striatal model of HD, we observed progressive and cell-autonomous nuclear accumulation of mhtt aggregates in MSNs. Surprisingly, unlike the mouse model expressing mhtt-exon1 in all the neurons in the brain, the striatal model lacks significant locomotor deficits and striatal neuropathology including gliosis and dark degenerating neurons. Electrophysiological findings from acutely dissociated MSNs revealed a cell-autonomous deficit in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor sensitivity to Mg 2+ , a deficit also present in other mouse models of HD. In conclusion, this study provides the first in vivo genetic evidence that pathological cell-cell interactions are necessary for striatal pathogenesis in a conditional mouse model of HD, and suggests a ''two-hit'' hypothesis in which both cell-autonomous toxicity and pathological cell-cell interactions are critical to HD pathogenesis.
SU5416, a small molecule tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, has biologic activity in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Francis J. Giles, Alison T. Stopeck, Lewis R. Silverman, Jeffrey E. Lancet, Maureen A. Cooper, Alison L. Hannah, Julie M. Cherrington, Anne-Marie O'Farrell, Helene A. Yuen, Sharianne G. Louie, Weiru Hong, Jorge E. Cortes, Srdan Verstovsek, Maher Albitar, Susan M. O'Brien, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Judith E. Karp
Journal: Blood (2003)
Sleep Apnea Testing and Outcomes in a Large Cohort of Medicare Beneficiaries with Newly Diagnosed Heart Failure
Authors: Shahrokh Javaheri, E. Ben Caref, Er Chen, Kuo Bianchini Tong, William T. Abraham
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONAPPENDIX A: LIST OF CODES...ReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Case-finding options for COPD: results from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Study
Authors: Anamika Jithoo, Paul L. Enright, Peter Burney, A. Sonia Buist, Eric D. Bateman, Wan C. Tan, Michael Studnicka, Filip Mejza, Suzanne Gillespie, William M. Vollmer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

This study aimed to compare strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) case finding using data from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Population-based samples of adults aged ≥40 yrs (n = 9,390) from 14 countries completed a questionnaire and spirometry. We compared the screening efficiency of differently staged algorithms that used questionnaire data and/or peak expiratory flow (PEF) data to identify persons at risk for COPD and, hence, needing confirmatory spirometry. Separate algorithms were fitted for moderate/severe COPD and for severe COPD. We estimated the cost of each algorithm in 1,000 people. For moderate/severe COPD, use of questionnaire data alone permitted high sensitivity (97%) but required confirmatory spirometry in 80% of participants. Use of PEF necessitated confirmatory spirometry in only 19–22% of subjects, with 83–84% sensitivity. For severe COPD, use of PEF achieved 91–93% sensitivity, requiring confirmatory spirometry in &lt;9% of participants. Cost analysis suggested that a staged screening algorithm using only PEF initially, followed by confirmatory spirometry as needed, was the most cost-effective case-finding strategy. Our results support the use of PEF as a simple, cost-effective initial screening tool for conducting COPD case-finding in adults aged ≥40 yrs. These findings should be validated in real-world settings such as the primary care environment.
Acceleration of platelet aggregability due to modulation of native LDL.
Authors: T Kanazawa, H Kaneko, T Uemura, Y Konta, K Onodera, H Metoki, Y Oike
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The aim of this experiment was to clarify whether low density lipoprotein (LDL) causes an acceleration of platelet aggregability. Native LDL was separated into two fractions by filtered tap-water dialysis, namely, water-soluble LDL (WS-LDL) and non-water-soluble LDL. Although native LDL did not enhance the platelet aggregability, WS-LDL made it markedly increased. WS-LDL consisted of the lipid constituents that were not found in native LDL. Namely, in thin-layer chromatography of WS-LDL, an unknown spot between triolein and free fatty acid was clearly stained. This unknown spot in the WS-LDL was produced by the peroxidation of cholesteryl ester in native LDL. It was confirmed that the spot has the same Rf value as the peroxidate of cholesteryl linolate in thin-layer chromatography. If native LDL is modulated by divalent metal ions and oxygen in the fluids, LDL with biological activity such as an increase of platelet aggregability is produced.
A NEW PHASE IN EARLY SYPHILIS
Authors: JOHN ALEXANDER DRAKE, M. SYDNEY THOMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1932)

Journal Article A NEW PHASE IN EARLY SYPHILIS Get access JOHN ALEXANDER DRAKE, JOHN ALEXANDER DRAKE Department of Syphilis, King's College Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. SYDNEY THOMSON M. SYDNEY THOMSON Department of Syphilis, King's College Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 44, Issue 6, 1 June 1932, Pages 297–304, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1932.tb09608.x Published: 01 June 1932
Host control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is regulated by 5-lipoxygenase–dependent lipoxin production
Authors: Andre Bafica, Charles A. Scanga, Charles Serhan, Fabiana Machado, Sandy White, Alan Sher, Julio Aliberti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Th1 type cytokine responses are critical in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Recent findings indicate that 5-lipoxygenase–dependent (5-LO–dependent) lipoxins regulate host IL-12 production in vivo. Here, we establish lipoxins as key chemical mediators in resistance to M. tuberculosis infection. High levels of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were detected in sera from infected WT but not infected 5-LO–deficient mice. Moreover, lungs from M. tuberculosis–infected 5-lo–/– animals showed increased IL-12, IFN-γ, and NO synthase 2 (NOS2) mRNA levels compared with the same tissues in WT mice. Similarly, splenocyte recall responses were enhanced in mycobacteria-infected 5-lo–/– versus WT mice. Importantly, bacterial burdens in 5-lo–/– lungs were significantly lower than those from WT mice, and this enhancement in the resistance of the 5-lo–/– animals to M. tuberculosis was completely prevented by administration of a stable LXA4 analog. Together our results demonstrate that lipoxins negatively regulate protective Th1 responses against mycobacterial infection in vivo and suggest that the inhibition of lipoxin biosynthesis could serve as a strategy for enhancing host resistance to M. tuberculosis.
Catastrophic injuries among young athletes
Authors: E D Zemper
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

While very rare, catastrophic injuries in youth sports have a major impact on athletes and their families when they do occur. This article reviews and summarises the sparse research on direct catastrophic injuries in youth sports, a direct catastrophic sports injury being defined as a sport injury that resulted from participation in the skills of the sport, and resulted in a fatality or in a non-fatal brain or spinal cord injury, or skull or spinal fracture. While an electronic database search was completed to assemble the articles reviewed here, much of the data come from the National Center for Catastrophic Injury Research at the University of North Carolina, which has the most extensive and complete data set on this issue. This article reviews and summarises what is known about the rate of occurrence of these injuries in various youth sports, the risk factors for these injuries, injury mechanisms and what can be done to prevent them in various youth sports.
A Novel Correlation between <i>LINE-1</i> Hypomethylation and the Malignancy of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Shinichi Igarashi, Hiromu Suzuki, Takeshi Niinuma, Haruo Shimizu, Masanori Nojima, Hiroyuki Iwaki, Takayuki Nobuoka, Toshirou Nishida, Yasuaki Miyazaki, Hiroyuki Takamaru, Eiichiro Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Takashi Tokino, Tadashi Hasegawa, Koichi Hirata, Kohzoh Imai, Minoru Toyota, Yasuhisa Shinomura
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most important mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The vast majority of GISTs exhibit activating mutations of KIT or PDGFRA, but epigenetic alteration of GISTs is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the involvement of DNA methylation in GIST malignancy. Experimental Design: A total of 106 GIST specimens were studied. Levels of LINE-1 methylation were analyzed using bisulfite pyrosequencing. In addition, methylation of three other repetitive sequences (Alu Yb8, Satellite-α, and NBL2) was similarly analyzed, and CpG island hypermethylation was analyzed using MethyLight. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) was carried out in 25 GIST specimens. Results: LINE-1 hypomethylation was significantly correlated with risk, and high-risk GISTs exhibited significantly lower levels of LINE-1 methylation than low-risk (61.3% versus 53.2%; P = 0.001) or intermediate-risk GISTs (60.8% versus 53.2%; P = 0.002). Hypomethylation of Satellite-α and NBL2 was also observed in high-risk GISTs. By contrast, promoter hypermethylation was relatively infrequent (CDH1, 11.2%; MLH1, 9.8%; SFRP1, 1.2%; SFRP2, 11.0%; CHFR, 9.8%; APC, 6.1%; CDKN2A, 0%; RASSF1A, 0%; RASSF2, 0%) and did not correlate with LINE-1 methylation or risk. Array CGH analysis revealed a significant correlation between LINE-1 hypomethylation and chromosomal aberrations. Conclusions: Our data suggest that LINE-1 hypomethylation correlates significantly with the aggressiveness of GISTs and that LINE-1 methylation could be a useful marker for risk assessment. Hypomethylation may increase the malignant potential of GISTs by inducing accumulation of chromosomal aberrations. Clin Cancer Res; 16(21); 5114–23. ©2010 AACR.
Lesions of Joints and Tendon Sheaths in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: B. Cruickshank
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1959)

<b>Background:</b> COVID-19 causes a significant number of deaths in the world, and 10% of the infected individuals must be hospitalized. After the period of hospitalization, beyond the already known consequences, the patients suffer later complications of COVID-19, which are not yet totally clear. Thereafter, patients’ follow-up monitoring provides a better understanding of COVID-19 systemic consequences. <b>Aim:</b> To analyze the ventilatory and cardiac responses and the level of activity during activities of daily living (ADL) in post-hospitalization patients. <b>Methods:</b> Eight men were included, 4 with post-COVID-19 (48±12.4 years; 79.4±3.3 kg; 167±7.7 cm) and 4 healthy (49±12.2 years; 78.2±10 kg; 176±9.3 cm). Healthy subjects were assessed before the pandemic started. All of them used the smart t-shirt (®Hexoskin) with embedded sensors (Respiratory, Activity, and ECG) during (6.4±1.2 days, 8.3±1.4 hours/day) in their free ADL. Breath rate (BR), minute ventilation (Ve), tidal volume (Tv), heart rate (HR), hip acceleration (Acc), and hip cadence (Cad) were split by active (Acc&gt;0.05) and inactive period (Acc&lt;0.05g). <b>Results:</b> Patients with COVID-19 presented higher mean values of BR and HR and lower values of Ve, Tv, Acc, and Cad, both periods (Fig1). <b>Conclusion:</b> The wearables could be a global assessment tool to monitoring the consequences of COVID-19 during ADL. FAPESP: 2018/22818-9;2016/22215-7.
Lung cancer probability in patients with CT-detected pulmonary nodules: a prespecified analysis of data from the NELSON trial of low-dose CT screening
Authors: Nanda Horeweg, Joost van Rosmalen, Marjolein A Heuvelmans, Carlijn M van der Aalst, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Ernst Th Scholten, Kevin ten Haaf, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Jan-Willem J Lammers, Carla Weenink, Harry J Groen, Peter van Ooijen, Pim A de Jong, Geertruida H de Bock, Willem Mali, Harry J de Koning, Matthijs Oudkerk
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)