tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Weight loss with purpura and pain at the distal femora
Authors: K F Haegele
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

This case illustrates the usefulness of a therapeutic trial of colchicine monitored objectively by frequent acute phase protein measurements in patients with undiagnosed periodic fever syndromes.It also raises the possibility that a low threshold for analysing the FMF gene might disclose a wider spectrum of associated disease.
Firearm-Related Assaults on Los Angeles Roadways
Authors: E. Chukwudi Onwuachi-Saunders
Journal: JAMA (1989)

During the summer of 1987, we investigated a series of firearm assaults occurring on Los Angeles County (California) roadways. Using law enforcement records, we identified 137 incidents of roadway assaults with firearms. Of these 137 incidents, 39% were brandishings and 61% were shootings. Of the shootings, 20% resulted in injuries; two were fatal. We compared the findings for June through August 1987 with findings for earlier years and found that the incidence rate of freeway firearm assault had increased each year from 1985 through 1987 for both freeway shootings and brandishings. We also found a positive association between freeway congestion and freeway firearm assaults in 1987.
Cryotherapy with Concurrent CpG Oligonucleotide Treatment Controls Local Tumor Recurrence and Modulates HER2/neu Immunity
Authors: Jesse J. Veenstra, Heather M. Gibson, Peter J. Littrup, Joyce D. Reyes, Michael L. Cher, Akira Takashima, Wei-Zen Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Percutaneous cryoablation is a minimally invasive procedure for tumor destruction, which can potentially initiate or amplify antitumor immunity through the release of tumor-associated antigens. However, clinically efficacious immunity is lacking and regional recurrences are a limiting factor relative to surgical excision. To understand the mechanism of immune activation by cryoablation, comprehensive analyses of innate immunity and HER2/neu humoral and cellular immunity following cryoablation with or without peritumoral CpG injection were conducted using two HER2/neu+ tumor systems in wild-type (WT), neu-tolerant, and SCID mice. Cryoablation of neu+ TUBO tumor in BALB/c mice resulted in systemic immune priming, but not in neu-tolerant BALB NeuT mice. Cryoablation of human HER2+ D2F2/E2 tumor enabled the functionality of tumor-induced immunity, but secondary tumors were refractory to antitumor immunity if rechallenge occurred during the resolution phase of the cryoablated tumor. A step-wise increase in local recurrence was observed in WT, neu-tolerant, and SCID mice, indicating a role of adaptive immunity in controlling residual tumor foci. Importantly, local recurrences were eliminated or greatly reduced in WT, neu tolerant, and SCID mice when CpG was incorporated in the cryoablation regimen, showing significant local control by innate immunity. For long-term protection, however, adaptive immunity was required because most SCID mice eventually succumbed to local tumor recurrence even with combined cryoablation and CpG treatment. This improved understanding of the mechanisms by which cryoablation affects innate and adaptive immunity will help guide appropriate combination of therapeutic interventions to improve treatment outcomes. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5409–20. ©2014 AACR.
Determinants of renal outcome in anti-myeloperoxidase-associated necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Authors: C. F. M. Franssen, C. A. Stegeman, W. W. Oost-Kort, C. G. M. Kallenberg, P. C. Limburg, A. Tiebosch, P. E. De Jong, J. W. C. Tervaert
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

Patients with anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO)-associated necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) may develop chronic renal failure (CRF) leading to end-stage renal disease despite an initially favorable response to treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic features at the time of presentation and during follow-up for the development of CRF in 21 consecutive anti-MPO-positive patients with NCGN. Renal function did not recover in two of five patients who were dialysis-dependent at presentation. The remaining 19 patients all went into remission and were off dialysis at 3 mo after diagnosis. At long-term follow-up, nine of these patients had stable renal function and did not relapse (group A), five patients developed CRF without signs of relapse (group B), and five patients relapsed (group C). At diagnosis, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, and anti-MPO levels did not differ between groups A, B, and C. Microscopic erythrocyturia resolved in all patients within 4 mo of treatment. BP at presentation and during follow-up did not differ between groups A, B, and C. Proteinuria at diagnosis and in the first 6 mo after diagnosis was higher in patients who developed CRF than in patients with a stable renal function. Anti-MPO levels at 3 mo had decreased compared with anti-MPO levels at diagnosis in groups A and C, whereas anti-MPO levels did not fall significantly in patients who developed CRF. The predictive value of a renal biopsy at diagnosis on long-term renal outcome was limited. In conclusion, a higher degree of proteinuria at diagnosis and during follow-up as well as persistently elevated anti-MPO levels after induction of remission are associated with the development of CRF and are predictive of poor renal outcome in anti-MPO-associated NCGN.
Tissue Kallikrein–Deficient Mice Display a Defect in Renal Tubular Calcium Absorption
Authors: Nicolas Picard, Monique Van Abel, Christelle Campone, Michelle Seiler, May Bloch-Faure, Joost G.J. Hoenderop, Johannes Loffing, Pierre Meneton, René J.M. Bindels, Michel Paillard, Franc[COMBINING CEDILLA]ois Alhenc-Gelas, Pascal Houillier
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Renal tubular calcium (RTCa) transport is one of the main factors that determine serum Ca concentration and urinary Ca excretion. The distal convoluted and connecting tubules reabsorb a significant fraction (10%) of filtered Ca. These tubule segments also synthesize in large abundance tissue kallikrein (TK), a major kinin-forming enzyme. Tested was the hypothesis that TK and kinins are involved in controlling RTCa transport by studying TK (TK−/−) or kinin B2 receptor (B2−/−)-deficient mice on different Ca diets. On a 0.9% wt/wt Ca diet, 129Sv or C57Bl/6 TK−/− mice excreted significantly more Ca in urine than their wild-type (WT) littermates. There was no difference between TK−/− and WT mice for plasma concentrations of Ca, Mg, creatinine, parathyroid hormone, or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. On a low Ca (LCa) diet (0.01% wt/wt), urinary Ca excretion decreased in both TK−/− and WT mice but still remained higher in TK−/− mice compared with WT. The plasma Ca concentration was unchanged in C57Bl/6 TK−/− mice but decreased significantly in 129Sv TK−/− mice. Taken together, these data demonstrate that TK deficiency led to impaired RTCa absorption. On the LCa diet, renal TK gene expression doubled in WT mice. No change in urinary Ca excretion was observed in B2−/− mice, even after treatment with a kinin B1-receptor antagonist, and these mice adapted normally to the LCa diet. TK deficiency had no effect on the renal abundance of distal Ca transporter mRNA. These data suggest that TK may be a physiologic regulator of RTCa transport, acting through a non–kinin-mediated mechanism.
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ruxolitinib for Myelofibrosis
Authors: Srdan Verstovsek, Ruben A. Mesa, Jason Gotlib, Richard S. Levy, Vikas Gupta, John F. DiPersio, John V. Catalano, Michael Deininger, Carole Miller, Richard T. Silver, Moshe Talpaz, Elliott F. Winton, Jimmie H. Harvey, Murat O. Arcasoy, Elizabeth Hexner, Roger M. Lyons, Ronald Paquette, Azra Raza, Kris Vaddi, Susan Erickson-Viitanen, Iphigenia L. Koumenis, William Sun, Victor Sandor, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Ruxolitinib, a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2, has clinically significant activity in myelofibrosis.
Analysis of the platypus genome suggests a transposon origin for mammalian imprinting
Authors: Andrew J Pask, Anthony T Papenfuss, Eleanor I Ager, Kaighin A McColl, Terence P Speed, Marilyn B Renfree
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Abstract Background Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that results in monoallelic gene expression. Many hypotheses have been advanced to explain why genomic imprinting evolved in mammals, but few have examined how it arose. The host defence hypothesis suggests that imprinting evolved from existing mechanisms within the cell that act to silence foreign DNA elements that insert into the genome. However, the changes to the mammalian genome that accompanied the evolution of imprinting have been hard to define due to the absence of large scale genomic resources between all extant classes. The recent release of the platypus genome has provided the first opportunity to perform comparisons between prototherian (monotreme; which appear to lack imprinting) and therian (marsupial and eutherian; which have imprinting) mammals. Results We compared the distribution of repeat elements known to attract epigenetic silencing across the entire genome from monotremes and therian mammals, particularly focusing on the orthologous imprinted regions. There is a significant accumulation of certain repeat elements within imprinted regions of therian mammals compared to the platypus. Conclusions Our analyses show that the platypus has significantly fewer repeats of certain classes in the regions of the genome that have become imprinted in therian mammals. The accumulation of repeats, especially long terminal repeats and DNA elements, in therian imprinted genes and gene clusters is coincident with, and may have been a potential driving force in, the development of mammalian genomic imprinting. These data provide strong support for the host defence hypothesis.
BMA and other health bodies walk out of "half hearted" national alcohol plan
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Several health representative bodies have walked away from a national joint effort to tackle alcohol misuse in England, saying that the government has ignored their opinions and sided with the drinks industry.

The government is expected to unveil a public health responsibility deal on 15 March that will include steps to fight alcohol misuse in England, but the process has been severely undermined by the defection of the health bodies.

The BMA, the Royal College of Physicians, Alcohol Concern, the British Association for the Study of the Liver, the British Liver Trust, and the Institute of Alcohol Studies have withdrawn from the government’s Responsibility Deal Alcohol Network and refused to sign up to the overall public …
Prediction of Functional Outcomes After Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: Results of Conditional Survival Analyses
Authors: Firas Abdollah, Maxine Sun, Nazareno Suardi, Andrea Gallina, Marco Bianchi, Manuela Tutolo, Niccolò Passoni, Zhe Tian, Andrea Salonia, Renzo Colombo, Patrizio Rigatti, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti
Journal: European Urology (2012)
The virulence variability of different Acinetobacter baumannii strains in experimental pneumonia
Authors: Matthieu Eveillard, Christophe Soltner, Marie Kempf, Jean-Paul Saint-André, Carole Lemarié, Catherine Randrianarivelo, Harald Seifert, Michel Wolff, Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
A critical role of IL-33 in experimental allergic rhinitis
Authors: Yoko Haenuki, Kazufumi Matsushita, Shizue Futatsugi-Yumikura, Ken J. Ishii, Tatsukata Kawagoe, Yoshimasa Imoto, Shigeharu Fujieda, Makoto Yasuda, Yasuo Hisa, Shizuo Akira, Kenji Nakanishi, Tomohiro Yoshimoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Diet or diet plus physical activity versus usual care in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: the Early ACTID randomised controlled trial
Authors: RC Andrews, AR Cooper, AA Montgomery, AJ Norcross, TJ Peters, DJ Sharp, N Jackson, K Fitzsimons, J Bright, K Coulman, CY England, J Gorton, A McLenaghan, E Paxton, A Polet, C Thompson, CM Dayan
Journal: The Lancet (2011)
WITHDRAWN: Infarct size limitation by adrenomedullin: Protein kinase A but not PI3-kinase is linked to mitochondrial KCa channels
Authors: H NISHIDA, T SATO, M MIYAZAKI, H NAKAYA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

AimAdrenomedullin (ADM) has been shown to protect the heart against ischaemic injury, but little is known of the underlying mechanism. Mitochondrial Ca2+-activated K+ (mitoKCa) channels play a key role in cardioprotection. This study examined whether mitoKCa channel is involved in the protection afforded by ADM.
Writing a new code of ethics for sports physicians: principles and challenges
Authors: L Anderson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

A code of ethics for sports physicians needs to be clear, appropriate and practically useful to clinicians in everyday clinical circumstances and for situations that may be difficult or contentious. For a code of ethics to be so opposite requires that it have some basis in the ethical concerns of clinicians. This article reflects on the recent experience of rewriting the code of ethics for the Australasian College of Sports Physicians, describing the findings from the research, the processes and challenges that arose, and providing suggestions for other code writers in this field.
High hepatitis B virus surface antigen levels and favorable interleukin 28B genotype predict spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance in uremic patients
Authors: Ming-Lung Yu, Chia-Yen Dai, Chung-Feng Huang, Jia-Jung Lee, Ming-Lun Yeh, Shih-Meng Yeh, Hsing-Tao Kuo, Jee-Fu Huang, Jer-Ming Chang, Hung-Chun Chen, Suh-Hang Hank Juo, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Wan-Long Chuang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Interleukin-1β-regulating antibody XOMA 052 (gevokizumab) in the treatment of acute exacerbations of resistant uveitis of Behçet's disease: an open-label pilot study
Authors: Ahmet Gül, Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun, Charles A Dinarello, Leonid Reznikov, Bahar Artim Esen, Amer Mirza, Patrick Scannon, Alan Solinger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Objective</h3> Uveitis and retinal vasculitis are sight-threatening manifestations of Behçet9s disease with limited treatment options. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics and clinical activity of XOMA 052 (gevokizumab), a recombinant humanised anti-interleukin 1β antibody, in Behçet9s disease patients with uveitis. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with acute posterior or panuveitis, and/or retinal vasculitis, resistant to azathioprine and/or ciclosporin, and receiving 10 mg/day or less of prednisolone, were enrolled into the 98-day study. Immunosuppressive agents were discontinued at baseline. Patients received a single infusion of XOMA 052 (0.3 mg/kg). The safety and uveitis status and pharmacokinetics of XOMA 052 were evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> Seven patients enrolled and completed the study. No treatment-related adverse event was observed. XOMA 052 treatment was associated with rapid and durable clinical response in all patients. Complete resolution of intraocular inflammation was achieved in 4–21 days (median 14 days), with a median duration of response of 49 days (range 21–97 days); one patient remained exacerbation free throughout the study. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Well tolerated, XOMA 052 resulted in a rapid onset and sustained reduction in intraocular inflammation in patients with resistant uveitis and retinal vasculitis. Moreover, the effect was observed despite discontinuation of immunosuppressive agents and without the need to increase corticosteroid dosages.
Developing recombinant HPA-1a–specific antibodies with abrogated Fcγ receptor binding for the treatment of fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Cedric Ghevaert, David A. Wilcox, Juan Fang, Kathryn L. Armour, Mike R. Clark, Willem H. Ouwehand, Lorna M. Williamson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FMAIT) is caused by maternal generation of antibodies specific for paternal platelet antigens and can lead to fetal intracranial hemorrhage. A SNP in the gene encoding integrin β3 causes a clinically important maternal-paternal antigenic difference; Leu33 generates the human platelet antigen 1a (HPA-1a), whereas Pro33 generates HPA-1b. As a potential treatment to prevent fetal intracranial hemorrhage in HPA-1a alloimmunized pregnancies, we generated an antibody that blocks the binding of maternal HPA-1a–specific antibodies to fetal HPA-1a1b platelets by combining a high-affinity human HPA-1a–specific scFv (B2) with an IgG1 constant region modified to minimize Fcγ receptor–dependent platelet destruction (G1Δnab). B2G1Δnab saturated HPA-1a+ platelets and substantially inhibited binding of clinical HPA-1a–specific sera to HPA-1a+ platelets. The response of monocytes to B2G1Δnab-sensitized platelets was substantially less than their response to unmodified B2G1, as measured by chemiluminescence. In addition, B2G1Δnab inhibited chemiluminescence induced by B2G1 and HPA-1a–specific sera. In a chimeric mouse model, B2G1 and polyclonal Ig preparations from clinical HPA-1a–specific sera reduced circulating HPA-1a+ platelets, concomitant with transient thrombocytopenia. As the Δnab constant region is uninformative in mice, F(ab′)2 B2G1 was used as a proof of principle blocking antibody and prevented the in vivo platelet destruction seen with B2G1 and polyclonal HPA-1a–specific antibodies. These results provide rationale for human clinical studies.
Immunological evaluation of erythema nodosum in tularaemia
Authors: A.C. AKDIŞ, K. KILIÇTURGAY, S. HELVACI, R. MISTIK, B. ORAL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

During two tularaemia outbreaks in the Bursa region of Turkey in 1991, a total of 98 patients were diagnosed and evaluated. Thirteen of these patients had erythema nodosum, which is accepted as a secondary skin manifestation. The patients with erythema nodosum, 21 patients without any skin lesions, and 20 healthy controls were studied. Comparable elevations of levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM were detected in the two tularaemia groups. There was no difference in complement C3c and C4 levels between the groups. All of the patients with erythema nodosum had elevated circulating immune complex (CIC) levels, when compared with the patients without skin lesions and the control group. The acute phase response (C-reactive protein [CRP] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) of the erythema nodosum group was significantly higher than the patients with normal skin, and healthy controls (P < 0.001). Serum transferrin levels were significantly decreased in both of the tularaemia groups (P < 0.001). Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels (SIL-2R) were significantly elevated in both tularaemia groups (P < 0.001), and the elevation was more marked in the erythema nodosum group (P < 0.05). Histopathological evaluation of biopsies from two patients with erythema nodosum showed dermal oedema, a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, and panniculitis. No immunoglobulin or complement deposits were detected on immunofluorescence. Erythema nodosum in the course of tularaemia is associated with many immunological changes, although it is not clear whether these findings are related to the increased tissue response, or whether they play a role in the pathogenesis of the erythema nodosum.
Concanavalin A induces autophagy in hepatoma cells and has a therapeutic effect in a murine<i>in situ</i>hepatoma model
Authors: Chih-Peng Chang, Ming-Cheng Yang, Hsiao-Sheng Liu, Yee-Shin Lin, Huan-Yao Lei
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Concanavalin A (ConA), a lectin with mannose specificity that can induce acute hepatic inflammation, was tested for its therapeutic effect against hepatoma. ConA is cytotoxic or inhibitory to hepatoma cells, which is mediated by the autophagic pathway through mitochondria. Once it was bound to cell membrane glycoproteins, the ConA was internalized and preferentially localized onto the mitochondria. The mitochondria membrane permeability changed, and an autophagic pathway including LC3-II generation, double-layer vesicle, BNIP3 induction, and acidic vesicular organelle formation was induced. Either 3-MA or siRNA for BNIP3 and LC3, but neither beclin-1 nor ATG 5, partially inhibited the ConA-induced cell death. In addition to the autophagy induction, ConA is known to be a T cell mitogen. Using an in situ hepatoma model, ConA can exert an anti-hepatoma therapeutic effect, inhibiting tumor nodule formation in the liver and prolonging survival. Conclusion: ConA can be considered as an anti-hepatoma agent therapeutically because of its autophagic induction and immunomodulating activity. This dual function of ConA provides a novel mechanism for the biological effect of lectin.
Status and recognition of sportswomen in Indian society
Authors: Vasanthi Kadhiravan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

In the early 1900s when club life was introduced in India, sporting activities also found a serious place in female lives due to the facilities provided. Women pioneers had started blazing the trail. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, Health Minister in India first set an example for North Indian women by taking to competitive tennis. The efforts of such sporting personalities have yielded fruits. The female sensation in badminton today is world no 2 Saina Newhal. Similar legendary sportswomen are Karnam Malleshwari, Anju Bobby George, PT Usha and Sania Mirza. Even if they are a step ahead, a number of factors ensure that sportswomen stay two steps behind. Though the Indian culture looks up to a woman as a mother of a race, the Indian society is firm with the belief that women are naturally inferior to men because of the faith that a woman's duty is bound only to birthing and taking care of her family. The level of physical education and sports for females has been hampered because of the endless limitations. Their road to glory is a fight against prejudice, inferiority and discrimination. Customs and traditions seep their way into discouraging woman achievers. We need sportswomen of yesteryear to handle the reigns and encourage the upcoming generations. Our society has to work towards a massive cultural reform where we have a healthy work ethic. Until that is done Indian women will be only chasing a mirage, not medals, in international sporting events.
Na+-K+-activated adenosine triphosphatase and intestinal electrolyte transport. Effect of adrenal steroids.
Authors: A N Charney, M D Kinsey, L Myers, R A Gainnella, R E Gots
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) is associated with electrolyte transport in many tissues. To help delineate its role in intestinal transport, changes in rat intestinal electrolyte and water transport induced by injecting methylprednisolone acetate 3 mg/100 g or deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) 0.5 mg/100 g per day for 3 days were correlated with changes in Na-K-ATPase activity. Methylprednisolone increased sodium and water absorption, potassium secretion, transmural potential difference, and Na-K-ATPase activity in the jejunum, ileum, and colon. Examination of isolated epithelial cells demonstrated that the jejunal and ileal increase in Na-K-ATPase occurred in both the villus tip and crypermeability, Mg-ATPase, and adenylate cyclase activities were unchanged by methylprednisolone. DOCA increased sodium and water absorption, potassium secretion, transmural potential difference, and Na-K-ATPase activity in the colon alone. Colonic Mg-ATPase and adenylate cyclase activities were unaffected. Jejunal and ileal enzyme activity, electrolyte transport, and permeability were unchanged by DOCA. Methylprednisolone and DOCA were not additive in their effect on colonic Na-K-ATPase activity. Methylprednisolone and DOCA increased electrolyte and water transport and Na-K-ATPase activity concomitantly in specific segments of small intestine and colon. These data are consistent with an important role for Na-K-ATPase in intestinal electrolyte and water transport.