tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physicians' Liability for Negligence of Office Assistants and Hospital Employees
Authors: Wayne G. Hoppe
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PHYSICIANS often rely on office assistants to perform simple diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. If a physician allows an assistant to engage in activities for which he or she is not adequately trained or lacks sufficient experience, the physician is likely to be held legally responsible for any damage caused a patient. A case in point is<i>Delaney vs Rosenthall</i>,<sup>1</sup>where the court said that a jury would be warranted in finding that a physician was negligent where treatment was left largely to ... [a] girl who had merely graduated from high school and had worked in a hospital as a nurses' aid for about two years.... [She] was permitted by the [physician] to treat the [patient] on at least twelve out of seventeen visits. She removed stitches, squeezed pus out of his thumb, prescribed pills, injected penicillin, removed bandages and reapplied bandages to his hand, and even advised the plaintiff
The Effect of Mercurial Diuretics on the Excretion of Water
Authors: J. N. CAPPS, W. S. WIGGINS, D. R. AXELROD, R. F. PITTS
Journal: Circulation (1952)

In experiments on 11 normal subjects and on three dogs it has been observed that mercurial diuretics do not prevent the stimulation of water absorption and formation of hypertonic urine which characteristically follows the infusion of Pitressin. Furthermore mercurial diuretics only rarely increase urine flow when administered in the course of maximal water diuresis. These two facts are interpreted as meaning that the diuretic agents have no primary effect on the reabsorption of water. Rather, increased urine flow results secondarily from increased elimination of ions.
Scientific Basis of Rheumatology
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Professor Panayi has created a most interesting book. It is, as he states in his preface, a presentation, in one source, of the important concepts in the scientific investigation of rheumatological disease. It is not, as the cover blurb would indicate, one of the first to present this synthesis of basic and clinical sciences, as it can be found in some of the major textbooks currently published and in many other sources in the expanding library of rheumatology. However, one of the unique features of the book is that there is little else than the science of rheumatology, and for that, it is a valuable resource.  The initial chapter on the infection and pathogenesis of connective-tissue diseases provides a reasonable explanation, according to current tenets, of how infections might trigger or be responsible for some of the rheumatic diseases and for phenomena that occur within them. A second chapter, on
Regulation of the Inspired Oxygen Concentration During Artificial Ventilation
Authors: H. Pontoppidan, P. R. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The inspired oxygen concentration from pressure limited ventilators with a Venturi air mix rises steeply when the inflating pressure exceeds approximately 8 cm. A mean oxygen concentration of 82% was obtained when a lung model (compliance 0.032 liter/cm) was ventilated with a tidal volume of 0.8 liter. Concentrations of 93% and 61% were delivered when a main line nebulizer was incorporated and driven by a flow of 8 liters of oxygen or air, respectively. Thirty percent to 50% oxygen was obtained only by powering the ventilator by compressed air, and adding oxygen at increasing flows via the main line nebulizer. For volume limited ventilators a graph is shown to predict inspired oxygen. Its validity is dependent upon accurate stroke volume calibration and flowmeters, particularly with the small volumes and flows used in children.
Wales faces major reorganisation of its health service
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A reorganisation of the NHS in Wales should see a reduction in geographical health inequities, and more money going into front line services, according to the Welsh Assembly health minister Edwina Hart.

Seven new regional boards will be the face of the NHS in Wales, in proposals out for consultation. In the reorganisation 21 existing local health boards that were set up in 2003 and seven NHS trusts will disappear.

The new local health boards, due to be operational from October next year, will be responsible for planning, designing, developing, and securing the delivery of primary care, community care, and services in hospital for people in their areas.

In …
Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Stephen D. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The causes of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are still largely unknown. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has rarely been implicated as the cause of SIDS. Recently, we saw a patient with SIDS from whom interstitial pneumonitis caused by CMV was demonstrated. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 3 1/2-month-old infant was noted to have mild intermittent wheezing and rhinorrhea for one week. Since the symptoms were mild, the mother believed that no immediate medical attention was needed. On the sixth day of the illness, the child showed no apparent distress, and she was left under the care of a relative. When the mother returned one hour later, the child was found dead. The patient was a normal, full-term baby with a birth weight of 2.7 kg (6 lb 1 oz). There were no difficulties during the perinatal and neonatal periods. There were no stigmata of congenital cytomegalic inelusion disease. The
Reticuloendothelial System Phagocytic Function in Patients with Hodgkin's Disease*
Authors: John N. Sheagren, Jerome B. Block, Sheldon M. Wolff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Phagocytic function of the reticuloendothelial system as measured by the clearance of (125)I-labeled aggregated human serum albumin (AA) was studied in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Each more advanced stage of the disease was associated with more rapid clearance of the AA. Production of remission by radiation therapy or by chemotherapy was associated in some patients with slowing of the clearance rate, whereas relapse seemed to be associated with acceleration. Thus, impaired phagocytosis cannot be implicated in the several defects in immunity known to be present in Hodgkin's disease. Furthermore, determination of the clearance rate of AA in patients with Hodgkin's disease may have clinical usefulness as another indicator of extent or activity of disease.
OPTICAL COHERENT TOMOGRAPHY EVALUATION OF TRANSPLANT CORONARY ARTERY VASCULOPATHY WITH AND WITHOUT HISTORY OF CELLULAR REJECTION
Authors: Liang Dong, Ari T. Pollack, Nazif Tamim, Donna Mancini, Ulrich Jorde, Gary Mintz, Akiko Maehara, Giora Weisz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Controversies in Clinical Thyroidology
Authors: Carl E. Cassidy
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The editors state in the preface that "The objective of this volume is to provide a forum for thorough discussions of controversial issues which the editors believe will be of interest to physicians who care for thyroid patients." They have achieved their objective. The book is a delight. Each of the ten chapters poses a specific question related to a common controversial issue in the diagnosis or management of a disorder of the thyroid. The subjects are discussed by 47 contributors from 12 countries, and most of the contributors are recognized as authorities in their fields. In each chapter the subject is addressed first by the editors and their colleagues. Their discussions are followed by the commentaries of several other physicians, and finally a summary by one of the editors is presented. One could regard the summaries as unnecessary because the commentaries speak for themselves. Nonetheless, they are useful for
Late Complications of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Richard S. Cosby
Journal: JAMA (1976)

RECOGNITION of the late complications of myocardial infarction necessitates a morphologic approach, a recognition that the pumping action of the heart is importantly affected by asynergy, aneurysm, or papillary muscle dysfunction,<sup>1,2</sup>and the assumption that such abnormal morphology can be recognized and quantitated. Thus, congestive heart failure or dysrhythmias during acute infarction may be followed weeks or months later by recurrent pump failure. Simple description of the coronary tree, eg, critical stenosis of one, two, or three vessels, may be a wholly inadequate description of postinfarction status. It is the purpose of this review to examine the factors leading to the recognition and treatment of late complications in myocardial infarction and to attempt a separation of high- and low-risk groups. Table 1 lists major and minor late complications, ie, those arising after the 14th day, in 100 patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction. Table 2 lists the frequency of
Novel Small Interfering RNA–Containing Solution Protecting Donor Organs in Heart Transplantation
Authors: Xiufen Zheng, Dameng Lian, Arthur Wong, Michael Bygrave, Thomas E. Ichim, Mahdieh Khoshniat, Xusheng Zhang, Hongtao Sun, Tobias De Zordo, James C. Lacefield, Bertha Garcia, Anthony M. Jevnikar, Wei-Ping Min
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major factor in graft quality and subsequent function in the transplantation setting. We hypothesize that the process of RNA interference may be used to "engineer" a graft to suppress expression of genes associated with inflammation, apoptosis, and complement, which are believed to cause ischemia/reperfusion injury. Such manipulation of pathological gene expression may be performed by treatment of the graft ex vivo with small interfering RNA (siRNA) as part of the preservation procedure.Heart grafts from BALB/c mice were preserved in UW solution (control) or UW solution containing siRNAs targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C3, and Fas genes (siRNA solution) at 4 degrees C for 48 hours and subsequently transplanted into syngeneic recipients. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C3, and Fas genes were elevated by ischemia/reperfusion injury after 48 hours of preservation in UW solution. Preservation in siRNA solution knocked down gene expression at the level of messenger RNA and protein in the grafts after transplantation. All grafts preserved in siRNA solution showed strong contraction, whereas grafts preserved in control solution demonstrated no detectable contraction by high-frequency ultrasound scanning. siRNA solution-treated organs exhibited improved histology and diminished neutrophil and lymphocyte infiltration compared with control solution-treated organs. Furthermore, the treated heart grafts retained strong beating up to the end of the observation period (>100 days), whereas all control grafts lost function within 8 days.Incorporation of siRNA into organ storage solution is a feasible and effective method of attenuating ischemia/reperfusion injury, protecting cardiac function, and prolonging graft survival.
Disseminated infection with cutaneous involvement caused by Mycobacterium malmoense in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Ramon Pigem, Mireia Cairó, Xavier Martínez-Lacasa, Daniel Irigoyen, Josep M. Miró, Juan Acevedo, Javier Fernández, Mercè Alsina-Gibert
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
Attachment of Community Nurses to General Practices. A Follow-up Study
Authors: J. A. D. Anderson, P. A. Draper, I. T. Kincaid, M. C. Ambler
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A follow-up survey has shown that in a two-year period the number of community nurses working in general practice attachment schemes rose from 11 to 24% (32% in counties, 13% in county boroughs, and 12% in London boroughs). The proportion of health visitors and home nurses rose from 15 to 29% and from 9 to 25% respectively. Reasons given for the 23 attachment schemes which were discontinued included administrative and personality problems. Careful preparation and continuing support, for both the general practitioners and the community nurses, are stressed for the success of these schemes.
"Sick building" syndrome plagues workers, dwellers
Authors: Donald E. Riesenberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

When office workers report vague symptoms that appear during working hours and abate on weekends and vacations, employers and physicians may be inclined to downplay the complaints. Now, the differential diagnosis must include the newly emerging "sick building" syndrome. Emil J. Bardana, MD, contends that energy-efficient, tightly constructed office buildings with artificial ventilation can harbor a number of toxic agents. Speaking from the Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, where he is vice-chair of the Department of Medicine, Bardana says there are six categories of sick building problems. The first—and least common—is hypersensitivity pneumonitis, caused by various microorganisms that can breed in ventilation duct work, air filters, and similar sites. The second condition is building-related infections, a prime example being legionnaires' disease, caused by<i>Legionella pneumophilia</i>. A recent report indicated that not even hospitals are immune to this problem (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:521-524). Causative organisms may be found in cooling systems, humidifiers, and
PLASMA IRON AND SATURATION OF PLASMA IRON-BINDING PROTEIN IN DOGS AS RELATED TO THE GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF RADIOIRON
Authors: Charles L. Yuile, John W. Hayden, James A. Bush, Henry Tesluk, Wellington B. Stewart
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

The absorption of a test amount of radioactive iron during artificial saturation of the plasma iron-binding protein, by the repeated intravenous injection of small amounts of iron, was measured in three normal and four anemic dogs. The procedure had no detectable influence on the iron absorption of the normal dogs nor on that of two of the anemic dogs. Two other anemic dogs showed some suppression of iron absorption, though the amount absorbed was still in excess of that absorbed by a normal dog. The reasons for this suppression are not clear from these experiments. Artificially raising the plasma iron to normal levels in one anemic dog did not influence the absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract nor was a delayed effect noted after the plasma iron had fallen to base line levels after 5 hours of artificial saturation. It appears that the plasma iron-binding protein and its relative saturation play little role per se in the control of iron absorption in dogs.
Abstract 3001: Aberrantly up-regulated synaptotagmin-like 2 (SYTL2) promotes tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer cells .
Authors: Sung-hoon Kim, Samuel C. Mok, Wei Wei, Vathipadiekal Vinod, Gayatry Mohapatra, Michael Birrer
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Epithelial ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among woman and has the highest case-fatality rate among gynecologic cancers. Recently, microarray based high-throughput studies have characterized the genomics of epithelial ovarian cancer. These studies have revealed extensive DNA copy number alterations with large areas of gene amplification. There are however little data identifying the genes critical for the clinicopathologic characteristics of this tumor. Here, we describe an analysis of 11q14 amplicon which has been found in 25% of serous ovarian cancers. Among the genes in the 11q14 amplicon we validate an increased DNA copy number of SYTL2 in patient samples and show that this gene has the strongest negative prognostic power. Ectopic overexpression of SYTL2 in ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and A224 showed increases in cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro. In nude mice xenograft models, SYTL2 expression in A2780 cells resulted in increased tumor formation. SYTL2 may act through a novel mechanism by enhancing the secretion of Wnt-3a while having minimal effects on its expression. In summary, our data suggest SYTL2 has oncogenic effcst in ovarian cancer and may contribute to the progression of the disease. Citation Format: Sung-hoon Kim, Samuel C. Mok, Wei Wei, Vathipadiekal Vinod, Gayatry Mohapatra, Michael Birrer. Aberrantly up-regulated synaptotagmin-like 2 (SYTL2) promotes tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer cells . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3001. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3001
Conserved core protein sequences in hepatitis B virus infected patients without anti-HBc
Authors: Margherita Melegari, Maria-Christina Jung, Ralf Schneider, Teresa Santantonio, Serenella Bagnulo, Nicoletta Luchena, Giuseppe Pastore, Gerd Pape, Pier Paolo Scaglioni, Erica Villa, Hans Will
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Cord blood cytokines are modulated by maternal farming activities and consumption of farm dairy products during pregnancy: The PASTURE Study
Authors: Petra Ina Pfefferle, Gisela Büchele, Nicole Blümer, Marjut Roponen, Markus Johannes Ege, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Jon Genuneit, Anne Hyvärinen, Maija-Riitta Hirvonen, Roger Lauener, Juha Pekkanen, Josef Riedler, Jean Charles Dalphin, Bert Brunekeef, Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer, Erika von Mutius, Harald Renz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Effects of Helicobacter pylori on histamine and carbachol stimulated acid secretion by human parietal cells.
Authors: H Jablonowski, K J Hengels, N Kraemer, G Geis, W Opferkuch, G Strohmeyer
Journal: Gut (1994)

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is associated with hypo, normal, and hypersecretory disorders of the gastric mucosa. Pathophysiological pathways by which H pylori interacts with acid secretion are still unclear. The effects of H pylori on (14C) aminopyrine uptake by human parietal cells were examined as an indirect assay for acid secretion. Isolated oxyntic glands were stimulated with submaximal concentrations of histamine or carbachol and incubated with sonicates of different H pylori strains. Omeprazole and sonicates of Campylobacter jejuni served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Two of four H pylori strains reduced hydrochloric acid sequestration within the parietal cells significantly and in a dose dependent manner in up to 80%. Interaction with acid secretion may therefore constitute a factor contributing to a distinct pathogenicity of H pylori strains.
The aerobic cutaneous microflora of diabetic subjects
Authors: DOROTHY A. SOMERVILLE, M. LANCASTER-SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The microbial skin flora in a group of ninety‐eight adults with diabetes mellitus requiring treatment with insulin is described. As in healthy adults with a similar age range, the dominant members of the flora are the micrococci and diphtheroids. Sarcina species and Micrococcus Baird‐Parker Group 7 were more common than in the general population, and there was a higher incidence of erythrasma and increased carriage of fluorescent diphtheroids.
Court upholds murder verdict on doctor who ended woman's life
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Royal Dutch Medical Association is calling for doctors who “end a patient's life without an explicit request” to be able to report their actions and have them judged outside a court of law. The “dilemmas” that doctors face in practice should not be judged on legal criteria alone, it argues.



Dr Wilfred van Oijen (left) talks to a patient in a television documentary, Death on Request 

FIRST RUN/ICARUS FILMS



The call comes after an appeal court ruling that upheld the murder charge against Dr Wilfred van Oijen, the Amsterdam GP …
685. Single-Dose Lentivirus Gene Transfer In Vivo Maintains Airway Gene Expression for over Six Months
Authors: Alice G. Stocker, Don S. Anson, David W. Parsons
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Introduction: The use of gene therapy as an effective treatment for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) airway disease has been limited by poor longevity of gene expression and inefficient gene transfer. Using a lysophosphatidylcholine pre-treatment method our group has documented significant increases in the efficiency of gene expression using the LacZ reporter gene (Limberis et al., 2002), but longevity of expression was not studied past 3 months. In this study we have confirmed and extended those findings and show that single dose exposure of murine nasal airway to a lentiviral (LV) vector carrying the LacZ gene (LVLacZ) is maintained for at least 6 months. Methods: A single 4μl dose of LPC (0.3% w/v) was instilled into the right nostril of anaesthetised C57Bl/6 mice. One hour later LVLacZ vector (20 μl bolus) was instilled into the same nostril. At four time-points post delivery (1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months, n=7 – 12 per group) mice were sacrificed and processed to reveal LacZ gene expression in ciliated respiratory and transitional airway epithelium via standard sectioning and x-gal procedures. Results: Across all assessment time points LVLacZ instillation gene expression was statistically equal to the initial (1 week) level of expression, though there was a trend towards a small reduction of expression between 1 week and 1 month. At both the 3 and 6 month time points several mice in these groups showed absence of gene expression (3 out of 12 mice and 2 out of 12 mice respectively), but this did not occur in the 1 week or 1 month groups where all mice displayed notable levels of gene expression. Conclusions: Epithelial cell turnover in murine airway has been shown by others to be approximately 3 months. Thus, the persistence of gene expression at levels equal to those seen at 1 and 3 months, for more than 6 months supports the notion that progenitor cells have been transduced by our gene delivery protocols. We speculate that the complete absence of gene expression in a small subset of mice in the 3 and 6 month groups, but not in the 1 week or 1 month groups, may represent failures in the delivery of LVLacZ to airway progenitor cells, resulting in absence of gene expression at time points longer that the renewal time for this epithelium. Experiments to determine longevity of gene expression at longer time points are in progress. Acknowledgements: Supported by CFF and NH&MRC.
Managing Anticoagulation Safely
Authors: Stephan D. Fihn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 November 1993Managing Anticoagulation SafelyStephan D. Fihn, MD, Mary McDonnell, MD, and Donald Martin, MDStephan D. Fihn, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Mary McDonnell, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Donald Martin, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the thoughtful comments of Dr. Ginier and colleagues. We agree that absence of seasonal variation in the complication rate does not prove that alterations in dietary intake of these foods cannot cause fluctuations in the PTR. However, in geographic locations where these vegetables are available year-round, patients would need to drastically alter their intake for other reasons to induce wide swings in anticoagulation control. We have observed occasional instances of this phenomenon, but our study suggests that other factors are more important causes of variability in the PTR.We also do not discount the potential for ...REFERENCE1. Hirsh J, Dalen JE, Deykin D, Poller L. Oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and optimal therapeutic range. Chest. 1992; 102(Suppl):312S-26S. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCerebrovascular Disease in WomenGrowth factor signaling pathways in vascular developmentFunctional interaction of vascular endothelial-protein-tyrosine phosphatase with the Angiopoietin receptor Tie-2 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 957KeywordsDrugsEatingGeographic areas Issue Published: 1 November 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...