tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cell fusion is not involved in the generation of giant cells in the Hodgkin‐Reed Sternberg cell line L1236
Authors: Daniel Re, Elena Benenson, Marc Beyer, Oliver Gresch, Andreas Draube, Volker Diehl, Jürgen Wolf
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract The mechanism of multinucleated cell formation in Hodgkin's disease has not yet been elucidated. We asked whether the giant multinucleated cells of the H‐RS cell line L1236 develop via fusion of the predominant smaller cells. As a positive control for the fusion assay, human B cells from the B‐cell lymphoma cell line BJA‐B were split into two fractions, stained with the fluorochromes CMTMR and CMFDA, respectively, and fused using the polyethylene glycol 1500 cell hybridization protocol. Double‐stained cells indicating fusion of BJA‐B cells were detectable for up to 5 days. In parallel, L1236 cells were split into two fractions, stained with the fluorochromes, and mixed. No double‐stained L1236 cells were detected. The same result was obtained when using FACS‐sorted small mononuclear L1236 cells. It is thus concluded that the large multinucleated cells of the monoclonal H‐RS cell line L1236 have emerged by endomitosis rather than by spontaneous cell fusion. Am. J. Hematol. 67:6–9, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of Renin and Aldosterone by Clonidine.
Authors: L. Baer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Suppression of Renin and Aldosterone by Clonidine.L. Baer, M.D., H. R. Brunner, M.D., R. Bard, M.D., J. H. Laragh, M.D., F.A.C.P.L. Baer, M.D., H. R. Brunner, M.D., R. Bard, M.D., J. H. Laragh, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-830_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may be fundamentally involved in a number of hypertensive disorders. We have studied the antihypertensive action of Clonidine (Catapres®) and its effect on these hormones in 22 hypertensive patients maintained on a constant metabolic regimen of 97 mEq or 10 mEq Na+/day. In 14 patients clonidine, 0.3 mg, orally, per day for 5 days reduced the blood pressure by a mean of 31 mm Hg systolic and 23 mm Hg diastolic. The fall in blood pressure was associated with a decrease in plasma renin activity from a mean of 1.4 ng/ml/hr to 0.75 ng/ml/hr (P< 0.02).... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByBlood pressure regulation in pheochromocytoma.Review of Therapeutic Modalities Acting Directly Via Central PathwaysAntidipsogenic effect of clonidine on angiotensin II-, hypertonic saline-, pilocarpine- and dehydration-induced water intakesAbrupt cessation of treatment in hypertension: Consideration of clinical features, mechanisms, prevention and management of the discontinuation syndromeClonidine hydrochloride: Review of pharmacologic and clinical aspectsProlonged Clonidine Treatment: Catecholamines, Renin Activity and Aldosterone Following Exercise in HypertensivesAntidipsogenic effect of clonidine on isoproterenol-induced water intakeSuppression of stimulated plasma renin by clonidine in the dog.Guanfacine in essential hypertension: effect on blood pressure, plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin activity.Modifications induced in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system of rats by alpha-blocking drugsRole of renin and aldosterone suppression in the antihypertensive mechanism of clonidineEvaluation of Intravenous Clonidine in Hypertensive EmergenciesDrug induced variations of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in rats. II. AntihypertensivesThe Pharmacology of Clonidine and Related Products�ber die Beeinflussung der Reninfreisetzung durch ClonidinHypotensive effect of clonidine during sodium depletion in the rat.PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY, BLOOD PRESSURE AND SODIUM EXCRETION DURING TREATMENT WITH CLONIDINERenin, angiotensin and aldosterone system in pathogenesis and management of hypertensive vascular disease 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 830-830KeywordsAldosteroneBlood pressureFallsHormonesPlasma renin activity Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The 70-gene prognosis signature predicts early metastasis in breast cancer patients between 55 and 70 years of age
Authors: S. Mook, M.K. Schmidt, B. Weigelt, B. Kreike, I. Eekhout, M.J. van de Vijver, A.M. Glas, A. Floore, E.J.T. Rutgers, L.J. van ‘t Veer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Randomized Comparison of Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty and Medical Therapy in Stable Survivors of Acute Myocardial Infarction With Single Vessel Disease
Authors: Uwe Zeymer, Rainer Uebis, Albrecht Vogt, Hans-Georg Glunz, Hans-Friedrich Vöhringer, Dietrich Harmjanz, Karl-Ludwig Neuhaus
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of the infarct-related artery in stable survivors of acute myocardial infarction is often performed, even in patients without any symptoms or residual ischemia. Despite the lack of randomized studies, it is widely believed that this intervention will improve the clinical outcome of these patients.Three hundred patients with single vessel disease of the infarct vessel and no or minor angina pectoris in the subacute phase (1 to 6 weeks) after an acute myocardial infarction were randomized to angioplasty (n=149) or medical therapy (n=151). Primary end point was the survival free of reinfarction, (re)intervention, coronary artery bypass surgery, or readmission for severe angina pectoris at 1 year. The event-free survival at 1 year was 82% in the medical group and 90% in the angioplasty group (P=0.06). This difference was mainly driven by the difference in the need for (re)interventions (20 versus 8, P=0.03). At long-term follow-up (mean, 56 months), survival was 89% and 96% (P=0.02). Survival free of reinfarction, (re)intervention, or coronary artery bypass surgery was 66% and 80% in the medically and interventionally treated patients, respectively (P=0.05). The use of nitrates was significantly lower in the angioplasty group, both at 1 year (38% versus 67%, P=0.001) and at long-term follow-up (36% versus 55%, P=0.006).Percutaneous revascularization of the infarct-related coronary artery in stable patients with single vessel disease improves clinical outcome at long-term follow-up and reduces the use of nitrates. The results of our study should be reproduced in a confirmatory study with a larger sample size before percutaneous coronary intervention in this low-risk patient subgroup, after myocardial infarction can be recommended as routine treatment in clinical practice.
'At risk' positioning and hip biomechanics of the peewee ice hockey sprint start
Authors: M J Philippon, J D Stull, R F LaPrade
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background ‘At risk’ motion of the hip is defined primarily by internal rotation during flexion, reportedly increasing vulnerability to labral injury and observed during the recovery phase of the adult ice hockey skating stride. No biomechanical analysis has focused on ‘at risk’ hip motion in youth hockey players sprint starts. Objective To investigate the biomechanics of the male youth ice hockey sprint start with attention to the hip and a previously identified ‘at risk’ position. We hypothesised that youth hockey players display ‘at risk’ hip motion during the sprint start. Design Descriptive in vivo laboratory study. Setting The study was conducted in a biomechanics laboratory on 6.4 mm acrylic surface manufactured specifically for ice hockey skate testing. Participants 12 healthy male Peewee ice hockey players (mean age: 10.8 (± 0.6 years)). Assessment of risk factors Participants were assessed for hip flexion at maximum internal rotation by 10 high-speed infrared cameras that recorded 35 anatomical identifiers to assess the 3-D biomechanics of the ice hockey sprint start over 100 time-segments comprising the sprint stride. Main outcome measurements Data was collected for hip flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external and internal rotation. Results During the recovery phase of the sprint start, maximum internal rotation in each hip occurred simultaneously to that hip approaching maximum flexion (Push leg; 5.6° internal rotation with 44.2° flexion; Lead leg; 10.8° internal rotation with 35.1° flexion). As the sprint start progressed, ‘at risk’ motion was increasingly exaggerated by increased hip rotation speed (Lead leg;+2.7° flexion/time-segment during recovery phase over the final 14% of the sprint). Conclusion During the sprint start, youth ice hockey players internally rotate while proceeding through hip flexion, displaying ‘at risk’ hip motion. This knowledge could be applied with related future findings to aid potential prevention of hip overuse injuries as youth hockey players mature and increase in skill level.
Return to play or riding the pachyderm: a call for standards based on Swiss values
Authors: Boris Gojanovic
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Return to play (RTP) is an important issue in sports medicine; it is the other ‘bookend’ to effective prevention strategies for sports injury. Both share common goals and challenges and are critical to the multiple stakeholders in elite sports. RTP decisions are made in classical injuries such as sports concussion or ACL reconstruction, and are also made in infectious disease such as mononucleosis (splenic involvement) or frequently underdiagnosed myocarditis, and in less well-defined conditions such as disordered eating. Overuse injuries also present a challenge for RTP, whether in adolescents (apophyseal injuries) or adults (tendinopathies). While some of these conditions have clear diagnostic criteria, others do not and pose a greater problem with regard to readiness to play. Creighton et al 1 have described a remarkable three-step model (medical factors, sport risk and decision modifiers) to facilitate decision-making.

A RTP decision requires accurate diagnosis, precise assessment protocols and tools, and, ultimately, capacity to correctly interpret these elements. A scientific algorithmic approach (multicomponent and sports specific) is …
Neurophenomenological constraints and pushing back the subjectivity barrier
Authors: Bruce MacLennan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

In the first part of this commentary I argue that a neurophenomenological analysis of color reveals additional asymmetries that preclude undetectable color transformations, without appealing to weak arguments based on Basic Color Categories (BCCs); that is, I suggest additional factors that must be included in “an empirically accurate model of color experience,” and which break the remaining asymmetries. In the second part I discuss the “isomorphism constraint” and the extent to which we may predict the subjective quality of experience from its neurological correlates. Protophenomena are discussed as a way of capturing in a relational structure all of qualitative experience except for the bare fact of subjectivity.
Adult Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Are Associated With Different Patterns of BMI Gain During Infancy
Authors: Caroline H.D. Fall, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Clive Osmond, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Sushant Dey Biswas, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Nikhil Tandon, Siddharth Ramji, K. Srinath Reddy, David J.P. Barker, Santosh K. Bhargava
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

The purpose of this study was to describe patterns of infant, childhood, and adolescent BMI and weight associated with adult metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease.We measured waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition) in 1,492 men and women aged 26-32 years in Delhi, India, whose weight and height were recorded every 6 months throughout infancy (0-2 years), childhood (2-11 years), and adolescence (11 years-adult).Men and women with metabolic syndrome (29% overall), any of its component features, or higher (greater than upper quartile) insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment) had more rapid BMI or weight gain than the rest of the cohort throughout infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Glucose intolerance (impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes) was, like metabolic syndrome, associated with rapid BMI gain in childhood and adolescence but with lower BMI in infancy.In this Indian population, patterns of infant BMI and weight gain differed for individuals who developed metabolic syndrome (rapid gain) compared with those who developed glucose intolerance (low infant BMI). Rapid BMI gain during childhood and adolescence was a risk factor for both disorders.
REGULATION OF LUNG INFLAMMATION IN THE MODEL OF IGG IMMUNE-COMPLEX INJURY
Authors: Hongwei Gao, Thomas Neff, Peter A. Ward
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2006)

Modern techniques of cell and molecular biology have rapidly uncovered the mechanisms underlying inflammatory injury of the lung. This expanding knowledge (which includes an understanding of complement, cell surface receptors, cytokines and chemokines, transcription factors, oxidants, proteinases, and endogenous inhibitors, as well as the role of leukocyte adhesion-promoting molecules) has provided new insights into the inflammatory system in general, as well as in the context of lung injury. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulation of lung inflammation by using immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune complex–induced lung injury as a model. These studies have provided information on the role of various inflammatory mediators and their sequence of engagement. Insights into potential interventional approaches for the suppression of inflammatory processes in humans have emerged from those studies.
Enhanced Functionality of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Junko Yokokawa, Vittore Cereda, Cinzia Remondo, James L. Gulley, Philip M. Arlen, Jeffrey Schlom, Kwong Y. Tsang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

CD4+CD25(high)FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) have been shown to inhibit the activation and function of T cells that participate in antigen-specific immune responses. Higher levels of Tregs have been reported in the peripheral blood of patients with several types of tumors. In this study, we investigated the number and functionality of CD4+CD25(high)FoxP3+ Tregs in patients with prostate cancer (PCa), and their potential role in inhibiting antitumor immune responses.Levels of Tregs in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with biochemically progressive, localized, and metastatic PCa were each measured by flow cytometry. The functional activity of Tregs was determined by their ability to suppress the proliferation of CD4+CD25- T cells. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and unpaired Student's t test.Although levels of Tregs in the peripheral blood of patients with PCa were not significantly higher than those in healthy donors, Tregs in patients with PCa had significantly greater suppressive functionality than Tregs from healthy donors (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a direct correlation between the serum levels of prostaglandin E(2) and Treg functionality in patients with localized PCa, using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient (R).These findings further show the potential importance of Tregs in modifying immune responses in patients with PCa. Although longer studies are necessary to confirm these findings, these studies also show for the first time the differences in Treg populations in patients with various stages of PCa, and thus, provide a basis for determining which PCa patient populations are best suited for immunotherapy trials involving the inhibition of Tregs.
Health and fertility in World Health Organization group 2 anovulatory women
Authors: D. T. Baird, A. Balen, H. F. Escobar-Morreale, J. L. H. Evers, B. C. J. M. Fauser, S. Franks, A. Glasier, R. Homburg, C. La Vecchia, P. Devroey, K. Diedrich, L. Fraser, L. Gianaroli, I. Liebaers, A. Sunde, J. S. Tapanainen, B. Tarlatzis, A. Van Steirteghem, A. Veiga, P. G. Crosignani, J. L. H. Evers
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2012)

Disruption of ovulation occurs in different types of clinical infertility. The World Health Organization (WHO) has provided a classification of ovulation disorders. This review focuses on WHO group 2 anovulation. Searches were performed in Medline/PubMed and EMBASE. Each subject summary was presented to the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Workshop Group, where omissions or disagreements were resolved by discussion. Disorders resulting in ovulatory disturbances are a relatively common cause of infertility. They occur most frequently in the context of WHO group 2 anovulation as reflected, for example, in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aetiology of PCOS remains unclear but evidence exists for a multifactorial origin with a genetic predisposition. Women with PCOS show an increased time to pregnancy but their eventual family size is not necessarily reduced. Also their frequency of miscarriage does not appear increased. Clomiphene citrate is still the first-line treatment in subfertile anovulatory patients with PCOS, with gonadotrophins and laparoscopic ovarian surgery as second-line options. Aromatase inhibitors show promising results. Long-term health risks in patients with WHO group 2 anovulation demand their general health be monitored, even after their reproductive needs have been fulfilled. Metabolic and cardiovascular risk prevention in women with PCOS should start as early as possible. It is not easy to analyse the possible role of PCOS, independent of obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and diabetes, on long-term health.
Longitudinal Changes of Cardiac Structure and Function in CKD (CASCADE Study)
Authors: Qi Zhe Cai, Xiu Zhang Lu, Ye Lu, Angela Yee Moon Wang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2014)

Little is known regarding the natural longitudinal changes in cardiac structure and function in CKD. We hypothesized that baseline CKD stage is associated with progressive worsening in cardiac structure and function. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study, recruiting 300 patients with stages 3–5 CKD from a major regional tertiary center and university teaching hospital in Hong Kong. Baseline CKD stages were studied in relation to natural longitudinal changes in echocardiographic and tissue Doppler imaging–derived parameters. Over 1 year, the prevalence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy increased from 40.3% to 48.9%, median left atrial volume index increased 4.8 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.1, 7.7) ml/m2 (P<0.001), peak systolic mitral annular velocity decreased 0.5 (IQR, −1.5, 0.5) cm/s (P<0.001), early diastolic mitral annular velocity decreased 0.5 (IQR, −1.5, 0.5) cm/s (P<0.001), and eGFR declined 2.0 (IQR, −5.0, 0.0) ml/min per 1.73 m2. CKD stages 4 and 5 were associated with more baseline abnormalities in cardiac structure and function and predicted greater longitudinal progression in LV mass index (odds ratio [OR], 3.02; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.39 to 6.58), volume index (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.18 to 5.62), and left atrial volume index (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.20 to 5.69) and worse diastolic dysfunction grade (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.16 to 8.69) compared with stage 3a in the fully adjusted analysis. In conclusion, more advanced CKD at baseline may be associated with larger longitudinal increases in LV mass and volume and greater deterioration in diastolic function.
Correlation of Molecular Genetics with Molecular and Morphological Imaging in Gliomas with an Oligodendroglial Component
Authors: Carol Walker, Daniel G. du Plessis, Diane Fildes, Brian Haylock, David Husband, Michael D. Jenkinson, Kathy A. Joyce, John Broome, Klaus Kopitski, Joanne Prosser, Trevor Smith, Sobhan Vinjamuri, Peter C. Warnke
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Since the recognition that oligodendrogliomas may be chemosensitive, their diagnosis and clinical management has become highly controversial. Histopathology diagnosis remains challenging and new tools such as molecular genetics or molecular imaging require evaluation. Experimental Design: In a single-center, population-based prospective study, allelic imbalance in chromosomes 1p36, 19q13, 17p13, 10p12–15, and 10q22–26 has been investigated in 19 oligodendroglioma WHO grade 2 (OII), 20 oligoastrocytoma WHO grade 2 (OAII), 8 oligodendroglioma WHO grade 3 (OIII), and 12 oligoastrocytoma WHO grade 3 (OAIII), and compared with pretherapy histopathology, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance (CT and/or MR), [fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG), and thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (201Tl SPECT). Results: In 50 cases, 18F-FDG uptake correlated with 201Tl uptake; however, 8 cases had increased 201Tl uptake but were hypometabolic for 18F-FDG, and 1 case was hypermetabolic with normal 201Tl uptake. Sixteen cases enhanced on CT/MR but failed to show 201Tl uptake; and 2 low-grade non-enhancing oligodendrogliomas had increased 201Tl uptake. Increased metabolism was more likely in high-grade cases, with 201Tl uptake more strongly correlated with grade than was 18F-FDG uptake. Tumors with 1p/19q loss were more likely to show increased 201Tl uptake and, to a lesser degree, increased 18F-FDG uptake than those without these losses. Elevated metabolism in 28% of low-grade tumors was significantly more common in tumors with 1p/19q loss, and increased uptake of both 18F-FDG and 201Tl in low-grade cases was found only in those with 1p/19q loss. Conclusions: In this study, dissociation of uptake of contrast agents and radiotracers suggests independent deregulation of the blood–brain barrier breakdown and metabolism during disease progression of oligodendroglial neoplasms, and the association of elevated metabolism with 1p/19q loss, particularly in low-grade tumors, may have implications for clinical management.
A REACTION PRODUCT IN INFECTIONS WITH TRYPANOSOMA LEWISI WHICH INHIBITS THE REPRODUCTION OF THE TRYPANOSOMES
Authors: William H. Taliaferro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. In infections with Trypanosoma lewisi in the rat there are three manifestations of resistance against the parasite: (1) the retardation and final inhibition of reproduction of the trypanosomes by about the 10th day; (2) a sudden drop in the number of parasites in the blood between the 9th and 15th days; and (3) the total disappearance of the parasites, which terminates the infection and occurs from a week to several months after the first drop in numbers. 2. The first manifestation of resistance, vis. the retardation and final inhibition of reproduction, is the result of the formation of a reaction product in infected rats which inhibits reproduction of the trypanosomes but does not kill them. 3. No product similar to, or identical with this reaction product can be demonstrated in in vitro cultures of Trypanosoma lewisi.
Screening for Liver Fibrosis by Using a Noninvasive Biomarker in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: S JACQUEMINET, P LEBRAY, R MORRA, M MUNTEANU, L DEVERS, D MESSOUS, M BERNARD, A HARTEMANNHEURTIER, F IMBERTBISMUT, V RATZIU
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)