tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Two-View Radionuclide Ventriculogram Advantages of the LPO View
Authors: ELIZABETH R ARRINGTON, MICHAEL F HARTSHORNE, BRIAN EISENBERG, CARLOS ROLDAN, MICHAEL WEST, FRED A METTLER, BRUCE K SHIVELY, LEE PULLIAM, GLEN H MURATA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

This report is a prospective study of 33 male patients who underwent both contrast ventriculography (CVG) and radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) within a 24-hour period. Expert, blinded observers graded the left ventricle's regional wall motion (RWM) in the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCx), and posterior descending arterial (PDA) distributions on right anterior oblique (RAO), and left anterior oblique (LAO) CVGs, and on anterior (ANT), LAO, 70° left anterior oblique (LAO70), and left posterior oblique (LPO) RVGs. When statistically compared with CVG RWM standard data, RVG studies composed of LAO and LPO views were equal to the RVG studies composed of ANT, LAO, and LAO70 views in assessment of the LAD and LCx distributions. The RVG with LAO and LPO views was superior to the RVG with ANT, LAO, LAO70 in the detection of the posterior descending artery RWM. The authors conclude that accurate assessment of RWM is efficiently performed with the RVG composed of LAO and LPO views.
Sensitivity to Deodorant Sanitary Pads
Authors: Lynn Borgatta
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  I am reporting a case of sensitivity to deodorant sanitary pads. The patient complained of vulvar and perianal pruritus and dyspareunia of several days' duration, and on examination had erythema and slight edema of the labia minora and vaginal introitus. The patient stated that she had used deodorant pads for the first time just before the onset of symptoms. All symptoms cleared after returning to using a pad without deodorant or fragrance. Reintroduction of deodorant pad use resulted in the same complaints.  Various sensitivity reactions to fragrances, deodorants, and propellants in perineal hygiene sprays have been documented and publicized 1 (212:2121, 1970). This particular patient had a history of sensitivity to underarm deodorants. Patients should be warned of possible allergic or irritant reactions to fragrant or deodorant pads or tampons, and patients with unexplained vulvitis or vaginitis should be questioned as to their use.  It is unfortunate that
A Proof of Concept for the Detection and Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension through Breath Analysis with a Sensor Array
Authors: Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky, Morad Nakhleh, Frédéric Perros, David Montani, Barbara Girerd, Gilles Garcia, Gérald Simonneau, Hossam Haick, Marc Humbert
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)
Chemical disposition of boron in animals and humans.
Authors: R F Moseman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Elemental boron was isolated in 1808. It typically occurs in nature as borates hydrated with varying amounts of water. Important compounds are boric acid and borax. Boron compounds are also used in the production of metals, enamels, and glasses. In trace amounts, boron is essential for the growth of many plants, and is found in animal and human tissues at low concentrations. Poisoning in humans has been reported as the result of accidental ingestion or use of large amounts in the treatment of burns. Boron as boric acid is fairly rapidly absorbed and excreted from the body via urine. The half-life of boric acid in humans is on the order of 1 day. Boron does not appear to accumulate in soft tissues of animals, but does accumulate in bone. Normal levels of boron in soft tissues, urine, and blood generally range from less than 0.05 ppm to no more than 10 ppm. In poisoning incidents, the amount of boric acid in brain and liver tissue has been reported to be as high as 2000 ppm. Recent studies at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences have indicated that boron may contribute to reduced fertility in male rodents fed 9000 ppm of boric acid in feed. Within a few days, boron levels in blood and most soft tissues quickly reached a plateau of about 15 ppm. Boron in bone did not appear to plateau, reaching 47 ppm after 7 days on the diet. Cessation of exposure to dietary boron resulted in a rapid drop in bone boron.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Plasma exchange in refractory cutaneous vasculitis
Authors: A.N. TURNER, S. WHITTAKER, I. BANKS, R.RUSSELL JONES, C.D. PUSEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Eight patients with intractable cutaneous leucocytoclastic vasculitis were given a trial of plasma-exchange therapy. All but one improved, five substantially. Four have been successfully treated by intermittent plasma exchange for periods of 5–12 years. Apart from one episode of hepatitis B, possibly related to administration of fresh frozen plasma, no major adverse effects have occurred. Plasma exchange can be a valuable therapeutic option in patients with severe refractory cutaneous vasculitis.
We need to put the evidence to work
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Could the current economic crisis be the making of evidence based medicine? Important though the past two decades have been for evolving its concepts, tools, and methods, I wonder if we have been only playing at putting evidence into practice. Perhaps it’s only now, in this harshest of financial climates, that we’ll really have to put the evidence to work

Speaking at the King’s Fund’s annual conference last week, John Appleby, the fund’s chief economist, left no doubt about the harshness of the financial climate or how cold it’s going to get. The King’s Fund and the Institute of Fiscal Studies’ three scenarios for future NHS funding start at “arctic” …
Cardiac Tamponade From CVP Catheter Perforation
Authors: Irwin K. Kline
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The monitoring of central venous pressure (CVP) through a catheter has definite value for accurate correction of hypovolemia and assessment of myocardial competence. There are very few reported complications. After subclavian vein catheterization, pneumothorax<sup>1</sup>or, less frequently, embolization from a catheter breaking off from an indwelling needle may occur.<sup>2</sup>The following case describes a cardiac perforation in an asthmatic patient. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 26-year-old slender Cuban woman was admitted through the emergency room with extreme shortness of breath and a lifelong history of severe asthma. Her vital signs were pulse, 140 beats per minute; respiration, 48 per minute; and blood pressure, 90/40 mm Hg. The jugular veins were flat in a recumbent position, the trachea was in the midline, and diffuse wheezes and rhonchi were present in the hyperresonant chest. On ausculation, the first heart sound was increased but no murmurs were heard.
A restrictive transfusion strategy reduced 45-day mortality in patients with acute upper GI bleeding
Authors: Andrew Dunn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal Club19 March 2013A restrictive transfusion strategy reduced 45-day mortality in patients with acute upper GI bleedingAndrew Dunn, MDAndrew Dunn, MDMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (A.D.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-6-201303190-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationVillanueva C, Colomo A, Bosch A, et al. Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:11-21. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23281973Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Gastroenterology: Hematology: References1 Jairath V, Kahan BC, Logan RF, et al. Red blood cell transfusion practice in patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a survey of 815 UK clinicians. Transfusion. 2011;51:1940-8. [PMID: 21585395] Google Scholar2 Stern SA, Dronen SC, Birrer P, Wang X. Effect of blood pressure on hemorrhage volume and survival in a near-fatal hemorrhage model incorporating a vascular injury. Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22:155-63. [PMID: 8427424] Google Scholar3 Carson JL, Carless PA, Hebert PC. Transfusion thresholds and other strategies for guiding allogeneic red blood cell transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(4):CD002042. [PMID: 22513904] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (A.D.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 March 2013. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 March 2013Volume 158, Issue 6Page: JC6KeywordsCirrhosisHemodynamicsHemoglobinHemorrhageRed blood cellsResuscitationTransient ischemic attacksTrauma surgery ePublished: 19 March 2013 Issue Published: 19 March 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
On the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism in chronic experimental renal insufficiency in the dog
Authors: Eduardo Slatopolsky, Sali Caglar, J. P. Pennell, Dennis D. Taggart, Janet M. Canterbury, Eric Reiss, Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Healthy adult dogs were subjected to stepwise reduction of nephron population so as to create the transition from normal renal function to advanced renal insufficiency. Studies were performed at each level of renal function. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal phosphate clearance, and serum radioimmunoassayable parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured. Two groups of animals were studied. In one, phosphorous intake was maintained at 1200 mg/day. As GFR declined, fractional phosphate excretion rose reciprocally, and PTH levels increased over 20-fold. In the second group, phosphorous intake was maintained at less than 100 mg/day. As GFR fell, fractional phosphate excretion changed little, and no increment in PTH levels occurred. The data suggest that the control system regulating phosphate excretion contributes importantly to the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in advancing renal insufficiency.
LATENT AND AMBULATORY PLAGUE.
Authors: MAXIMILIAN HERZOG
Journal: JAMA (1904)

On Aug. 21, 1903, Mr. Henry A. Blake,<sup>1</sup>Governor of Hongkong, addressed a communication to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, entitled "Bubonic Plague in Hongkong; Memorandum by His Excellency the Governor, on the Result of the Treatment of Patients in Their Own Houses and in Local Hospitals During the Epidemic of 1903." The writer of the memorandum makes some very startling assertions as to the danger of the spread of plague by animals of the most varied kinds and also comes to the amazing conclusion that there existed in Hongkong during the period of time intervening between June 23 and July 10, 1903, between 8,000 and 9,000 or more cases among the native population, in which plague bacilli existed in the circulating blood in spite of the absence of all clinical symptoms of the disease. The Governor calls this condition "latent plague" and considers it a potent factor
Endothelial cell cytotoxicity of cotton bracts tannin and aqueous cotton bracts extract: tannin is the predominant cytotoxin present in aqueous cotton bracts extract.
Authors: C M Johnson, M N Hanson, M S Rohrbach
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Using an in vitro cytotoxicity assay based on the release of 51Cr from cultured porcine thoracic aortic and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells, we have demonstrated that cotton bracts tannin is a potent endothelial cell cytotoxin. It produces dose-dependent lethal injury to both types of endothelial cells with the aortic cells being somewhat more sensitive to tannin-mediated injury than the pulmonary arterial cells. Cytotoxic injury to the cells was biphasic. During the first 3 hr of exposure to tannin, no lethal injury was detected. However, during this period, profound changes in morphology were observed suggesting sublethal injury to the cells preceded the ultimate toxic damage. Comparison of the cytotoxicity dose curves for aqueous bracts extracts with those for tannin demonstrated that tannin was the major cytotoxin present in bracts.
Abstract C54: Characterization of HGF-mediated EMT and its inhibition with novel HGF pathway inhibitors using transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Kevin J. Tuttle, Jason Burton, W Evan Johnson, Marc DH Hansen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The ability of cancer cells to detach from their neighbors, invade through local tissues, and establish distant metastases is a major contributor to cancer mortality. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes a developmental process by which cells break cell-cell adhesions and gain motility. Interestingly, cells generated by EMT also bear stem cell properties and are more resistant to chemotherapeutics. EMT is triggered by a number of cellular signaling pathways, including via hepatocyte growth factor. Inappropriate signaling in epithelial tumors is thought to drive EMT, facilitating cancer metastasis. A common feature is the activation of a number of transcriptional programs. Here we report the results of transcriptomic studies that are designed to characterize transcriptional changes in cells undergoing EMT in response to HGF stimulation. MDCK cells, a normal epithelial cell line, were stimulated with HGF for different amounts of time under otherwise identical culture conditions. Since cell substrate composition affects the robustness of the HGF response, we performed this experiment on cells grown on different extracellular matrices in an attempt to better understand how cellular substrates provide context to HGF signaling. Triplicate samples of mRNA were generated from these cultures for transcriptomic sequencing and analysis. Each sample generated 20-40 million sequence reads that were assembled into known and de novo (novel) transcripts using Tuxedo Suite, allowing detection of differential transcript expression by cummeRbund and edgeR. Many of the differentially expressed genes correlated well to known cancer pathways. HGF signaling is widely accepted to play an important role in cancer progression and to be an important target for development of novel therapeutics. We previously identified a series of novel HGF pathway inhibitors using a phenotypic screening approach. Compounds were subjected to analysis of their structure-activity relationship, in vivo toxicity, and pharmacokinetic profiles. Compounds that block EMT without affecting proliferation were applied to MDCK cells prior to HGF stimulation and mRNA samples generated from these cultures. We report how these inhibitors alter the transcriptional response of MDCK cells to HGF stimulation, providing a molecular basis for how these inhibitors prevent EMT. Citation Format: Kevin J. Tuttle, Jason Burton, W Evan Johnson, Marc DH Hansen. Characterization of HGF-mediated EMT and its inhibition with novel HGF pathway inhibitors using transcriptomic analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C54.
Immunogenicity and Antitumor Effects of Vaccination with Peptide Vaccine +/− Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and/or IFN-α2b in Advanced Metastatic Melanoma: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Phase II Trial E1696
Authors: John M. Kirkwood, Sandra Lee, Stergios J. Moschos, Mark R. Albertini, John C. Michalak, Cindy Sander, Theresa Whiteside, Lisa H. Butterfield, Louis Weiner
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: No therapy has ever shown prolongation of survival in stage IV metastatic melanoma. The association of cytokine-induced autoimmunity with improved prognosis led us to investigate the effect of multi-epitope melanoma vaccines alone and in combination with cytokines in this Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group multicenter phase II trial. Experimental Design: Eligible patients were required to have failed prior therapies and to be HLA-A2 positive. Three HLA class I-restricted lineage antigen epitopes were administered in a factorial 2 × 2 design. Peptide vaccine alone (arm A), or combined with granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; Immunex) 250 μg/d subcutaneously for 14 of 28 days each month (arm B), or combined with IFN-α2b (Intron A; Schering-Plough) 10 million units/m2 three times a week (arm C), or combined with both IFN-α2b and GM-CSF (arm D). The primary endpoint was immune response measured by enzyme-linked immunospot assay; secondary endpoints were clinical antitumor response, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Results: One hundred twenty patients enrolled and 115 patients were analyzed. Immune responses to at least one melanoma antigen were observed in 26 of 75 (35%) patients with serial samples. Neither IFN-α2b nor GM-CSF significantly improved immune responses. Six objective clinical responses were documented. At a median follow-up of 25.4 months, the median overall survival of patients with vaccine immune response was significantly longer than that of patients with no immune response (21.3 versus 13.4 months; P = 0.046). Conclusion: Immune response to vaccination correlates with prolonged survival in patients with metastatic melanoma and is not enhanced by immunomodulatory cytokines as tested in this trial.
Depletion of mitochondrial DNA in liver under antiretroviral therapy with didanosine, stavudine, or zalcitabine
Authors: Ulrich A. Walker, Jochen Bäuerle, Montse Laguno, Javier Murillas, Stefan Mauss, Günther Schmutz, Bernhard Setzer, Rosa Miquel, José M. Gatell, Josep Mallolas
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The “D drug” HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitors zalcitabine, didanosine, and stavudine are relatively strong inhibitors of polymerase-gamma compared with the “non-D drugs” zidovudine, lamivudine, and abacavir. D drugs deplete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cultured hepatocytes. This mtDNA depletion is associated with an increased in vitro production of lactate. To investigate the origin of hyperlactatemia in HIV-infected patients and the effects of antiretroviral therapy on liver mtDNA, we biopsied liver tissue from 94 individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Eighty subjects were coinfected with HIV. Serum lactate was measured at the time of biopsy. Hepatic mtDNA and liver histology were centrally assessed. Liver mtDNA content of HIV-infected patients receiving D drugs at the time of biopsy (n = 34) was decreased by 47% ( P &lt;.0001) compared with those without D drugs (n = 35). Aside from a possible association between HCV genotype I status and mtDNA depletion in multivariate analysis, there were no other virologic, immunologic, histologic, demographic or treatment-related variables that could explain the mtDNA depletion. Lactate was above the upper limit of normal in only three patients, all of whom were treated with D drugs. The mtDNA in each of them was lower than in any non-D drug patient and significantly ( P = .017) depleted compared with D drug patients with normal lactate. In conclusion, D drug treatment is associated with decreased hepatic mtDNA in HIV-infected patients with chronic HCV infection. Moderate mtDNA depletion in liver does not necessarily lead to hyperlactatemia, but more pronounced decreases in hepatic mtDNA may be an important contributor to lactate elevation. (Hepatology 2004;39:311-317.)
THE MORAL DILEMMA OF PSYCHIATRY: AUTONOMY OR HETERONOMY?
Authors: THOMAS S. SZASZ
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

As science, psychiatry is the study of communicative behavior, and, as therapy, the practice of dialectic and rhetoric (and of social control). The principal roles of the contemporary psychiatrist are: moralist, rhetorician, and scientist (and agent of social control); and rarely, physician. The basic moral dilemma of psychiatry is generated by the conflict between the self and the other. This conflict can never be "settled." Instead, if man is to survive, the contenders must achieve a decent mutual accommodation, a creative compromise. Why? Because victory of the self—meaning unrestrained freedom—would, given the types of weapons available today, lead to the certain destruction of man as biological organism. Similarly, victory of the other—meaning unrestrained oppression—would, given the means of coercion available today, lead to the certain destruction of man as moral agent or person. The risks are clear. Should we push too hard, this way or that, in our headlong pursuit of "mental health," we shall do so to our own detriment. "The cure may be worse than the disease" is an adage that acquires special force when the disease is metaphorical, and the cure social.
Cytogenetic findings in 21 cases of peripheral T‐Cell lymphoma
Authors: David J. Inwards, Thomas M. Habermann, Joseph P. Colgan, Peter M. Banks, Gordon W. Dewald
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Although numerous publications have described the chromosome abnormalities in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and their significance, sparse literature exists pertaining to the chromosome abnormalities in T-cell lymphoma. We did cytogenetic analyses in 21 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Chromosomally abnormal clones were identified in 15 (71%) of the cases, including 7 of the 10 cases in which the histologic distinction between a malignant and benign process was difficult. Abnormalities of chromosome 1 were observed in 10 cases; a breakpoint at 1p36 was demonstrated in 5 of these cases. Chromosome abnormalities previously attributed to B-cell malignancies were infrequent. These results suggest an association between 1p36 breakpoints and PTCL and emphasize the utility of cytogenetic analysis for documenting clonality among the histologically diverse groupings of PTCL.
Lead exposure and neurobehavioral development in later infancy.
Authors: K N Dietrich, P A Succop, R L Bornschein, K M Krafft, O Berger, P B Hammond, C R Buncher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

A prospective methodology was used to assess the neurobehavioral effects of fetal and postnatal lead exposure during the first 2 years of life. Lead was measured in whole blood prenatally in mothers and at quarterly intervals in the infant. Prenatal blood lead levels were low (mean = 8.0 micrograms/dL). However, approximately 25% of the study infants had at least one serial blood lead level of 25 micrograms/dL or higher during the second year of life. Multiple regression and structural equation analyses revealed statistically significant relationships between prenatal and neonatal blood lead level and 3- and 6-month Bayley Mental and/or Psychomotor Development Index. However, by 2 years of age, no statistically significant effects of prenatal or postnatal lead exposure on neurobehavioral development could be detected. Data consistent with the hypothesis that a postnatal neurobehavioral growth catch-up occurred in infants exposed fetally to higher levels of lead are presented.
1044 LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID RECEPTOR 6 (LPA6) PROMOTES HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA GROWTH AND PROGRESSION THROUGH ACTIVATION OF PIM-3 PROTO-ONCOGENE KINASE
Authors: A. Mazzocca, F. Dituri, F. De Santis, L. Lupo, A. Azzariti, C. Sabbà, G. Giannelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
P346Transplantation of hTERT-Immortalized mASCs and HUVECs into infarcted rat myocardium improved cardiac function and induced expression of inflammatory cytokines
Authors: J-H Kim, C-Y Park, S-C Choi, J-H Park, SJ Hong, D-S Lim
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Adipose stem cells evoke only minimal immune reactivity and cooperate with endothelial progenitor cells to promote and stabilize new vessel formation. Mouse ASCs (mASCs), HUVECs, and mASCs combined with HUVECs were transplanted into acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats to investigate their synergistic roles on inflammation reaction and regeneration of infarcted myocardium.