tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A CARBOHYDRATE DIET FOR HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: H. Moll
Journal: BMJ (1928)

HITHERTO niot enough importassce lias beesi gix-enc to diet in Graves's disease, treatmueiit beisig focused snainly oil the tlsyroid glasid.There are, howevser, ilnportant eciprocal actions between the thyroid gland and the gastro-intestinal tr-act of which we have little knowledge yet, but which nievertlheless demanid a closer study of dietary in hsyper- thyroidism.Tlhus, various maniifestations of niervrous dyspepsia ause niot only cominmo svsmptosms of Isyper- thiyroiclismii, but m-lay also precede for a variable timie the other cardinal signs.This was borne out bv a statistical study of the miiore important symptoms in a series of sixty-niile cases of Graves's disease, in wlhich the symptoms were tabulated botlh in ordes of fr-equency and time of occurrence.TABLE I.-Percentagc Ilocidc7wcc of Symfptoms in Hyperth?yroidismn.Palpitation, shortness of breath, and weakness 100 per ceist.Mental excitability and loss of weiglt 95 ,, Diarrhoea ... ... ... ... ... 75 Swelling of the neck, exophthalmos, and tremor 70 Indigestion 50TABLE II.-Order of Occurrence of Symaptomas in Hyperthyroidisma.A.-Early Symptoms: B.-
Saddam Hussein's medical examination should not have been broadcast: Images were designed to humiliate
Authors: I. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR-The US administration in Iraq was wrong to broadcast images of Saddam Hussein undergoing a medical examination.That there was no other film footage to show to the world's media that Saddam Hussein had been arrested is inconceivable.The only conclusion therefore is that these images were deliberately selected to humiliate.Article 3c of the Geneva Convention prohibits outrages on personal dignity, including humiliating and degrading treatment, and article 13 states that prisoners of war must be protected against insults and public curiosity.This recent episode must be seen in the context of the ongoing inhumane treatment of prisoners in Guantánamo Bay and the killing last month of 15 children by American forces in Afghanistan.It shows to the world that military and economic power differentiates states and world leaders rather than differences in their respect for human rights.
Indoor factors and IgE levels in children
Authors: M. Wjst, J. Heinrich, P. Liu, S. Dold, G. Wassmer, G. Merkel, C. Huelsse, H.E. Wichmann
Journal: Allergy (1994)

The objective of the study was to determine indoor characteristics of households in relation to total serum IgE. In a population-based cross-sectional study, 1096 6-12-year-old children were examined in three East German towns (Eisleben, Hettstedt, and Zerbst). Of the questionnaires, 772 (70.4%) were returned by the parents. Serum IgE of 703 children and urinary cotinine in a random subsample of 224 children were analyzed. Linear regression on log(IgE) adjusted for the main covariates was used to assess indoor risk factors such as room size, and the presence of curtains, carpet, and plants in the child's room. Open-heating facilities indoors, passive smoking, and furniture made of chipboard had the most important effect. A higher urinary cotinine/creatinine ratio was associated with higher total IgE level. Total IGE increased also with the number of persons living in the household, independently of indoor smoking. We conclude that indoor air pollution from smoking and open-heating facilities may increase the IgE levels of children. The role of other factors such as chipboard, which could reflect the emission of formaldehyde, or the number of persons per household, which could reflect viral or helminthic infection, remains to be analyzed.
Abstract 3214: Resveratrol potentiates glycolytic inhibitor-induced neuroblastoma cell death independent of sirt activity
Authors: Regina M. Graham, Nataly Puerta, Keith A. Webster, Steven Vanni
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Low survival rates and severe side effects of current neuroblastoma treatments underline the need for more effective less toxic therapies. Compared to normal cells, cancer cells demonstrate high glucose consumption even under aerobic conditions, therefore; targeting the glycolytic pathway in cancer cells as a potential therapy is currently an area of intense investigation. The polyphenolic compound resveratrol which can be found in grapes, peanuts, red wine and purple grape juice, has demonstrated antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo. Here we investigate the potential of inhibiting glycolysis in combination with resveratrol treatment. Methods: To inhibit glycolysis we used the glucose analog, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). N-MYC amplified neuroblastoma cells (NB1691) were exposed to low dose 2-DG (0.5 and 2mM) and resveratrol 10uM. Cell viability was determined at 72hr using MTS assay. Western blotting was used to determine cell signaling pathways and apoptotic protein levels. The role of the NAD+ dependent HDAC sirtuin 1 (sirt1) was determined using 50uM of the inhibitor sirtinol. Results: While 2-DG did reduce cell viability (2mM:82+4.4% of control), the combination of 2-DG and resveratrol significantly reduced cell viability (20+2.2%) compared to resveratrol alone (69+2.8%). Western blot analysis indicated a robust activation of AKT with 2-DG with treatment, however this activation was blocked with 10uM resveratrol. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that this was caspase dependent cell death. PI3K/Akt inhibitors wortmannin and LY-294002 (10uM each) also reduced cell viability in combination with 2-DG to approximately 40% compared to non-treated, confirming the protective role of AKT signaling in response to 2-DG treatment. To determine if resveratrol, a well-known activator of sirt1, inhibited AKT via sirt1, cells were pretreated with sirtinol. Inhibiting sirt1 did not prevent resveratrol's inhibition of AKT. Conclusions: The oncoprotein AKT mediates signaling processes involved in evading apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation and recently has been linked to glycolysis. Resveratrol significantly increased 2-DG-induced cell death by inhibiting the 2-DG induced increase in AKT activity independent of sirt1. Here we show that combining resveratrol with 2-DG, two relatively non-toxic agents can significantly reduce neuroblastoma cell viability. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3214. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3214
Attitude Corrosion by Third-Party Payment
Authors: George D. LeMaitre
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Regarding "Medicine—a Profession in Trouble?"<sup>1</sup>I agree that physicians<i>are</i>becoming more mercenary. My father, a general practitioner, loathed my business practices. And I, two decades later, feel the same about younger colleagues. Why this trend? It is specious to argue that "we are like the rest of society." Medicine demands higher standards. Third-party systems, with their fee tables, corrode our attitude. If I remove a cyst, my bookkeeper asks if it was on the face or an extremity because fees vary with location! Like Scrooge, we scrutinize fee tables. We pore over endless numbers spewed from computers. Groups are constantly reminded by managers that each physician's productivity is monitored. We gather forms for each thing done, the bookkeeper noting any nuances commanding higher fees. Third parties have done this to us. Third parties move us inexorably toward salaries and total control. In my view, caring
Health on the Internet
Authors: M. Pallen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

D Anthony Blackwell Science, £12.99, pp 176 ISBN 0632 040 726

The Internet is expanding and evolving so quickly that any attempt to write a Internet guide book for health professionals is like trying to chase the wind. Sites appear, disappear, or change their addresses frighteningly quickly. What is true today is only half true tomorrow and is wrong the day after that. It is hard to explain the complexities of the Internet to beginners (or “newbies,” as net culture describes them) without resorting to jargon. And, finally, the very idea of a book in what netters call “dead tree format” sits uneasily with an …
Effects of calcium channel antagonists on carotid sinus baroreflex control of arterial pressure and heart rate in anesthetized dogs.
Authors: D F Rigel, R W Millard
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Our study was designed to determine whether the calcium channel antagonists verapamil, diltiazem, and nifedipine and the nitrate vasodilator sodium nitroprusside modulate carotid sinus (CS) baroreflex control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Pentobarbital-anesthetized, vagotomized dogs were surgically prepared for reversible vascular isolation of the CS regions. Open-loop performance of the CS baroreflex was determined under control conditions and after intravenous infusion of each agent for 20 minutes at four rates (nitroprusside: 0.3-10 micrograms/kg/min; verapamil and diltiazem: 1-30 micrograms/kg/min; nifedipine: 0.1-3 micrograms/kg/min). With the CS baroreflex loop closed, each vasodilator decreased MAP from control (nitroprusside: 127 +/- 3 to 69 +/- 5 mm Hg; verapamil: 137 +/- 7 to 86 +/- 5 mm Hg; diltiazem: 137 +/- 9 to 100 +/- 5 mm Hg; nifedipine: 140 +/- 6 to 109 +/- 7 mm Hg). Each compound also caused a dose-dependent downward shift in the open-loop CSP-MAP relations. The higher doses of each vasodilator also depressed the total range of control of MAP (i.e., maximum MAP minus minimum MAP) by the baroreflex and significantly attenuated the peak open-loop MAP/CSP gains (nitroprusside: 1.21 +/- 0.19 to 0.56 +/- 0.12; verapamil: 1.36 +/- 0.16 to 0.64 +/- 0.10; diltiazem: 1.52 +/- 0.34 to 0.89 +/- 0.11; nifedipine: 1.35 +/- 0.20 to 0.83 +/- 0.14) but did not alter the CSP at which the peak gain was manifest. Only verapamil and diltiazem significantly shifted downward the CSP-HR relations, whereas none of the drugs affected the total range of baroreflex control of HR (i.e., maximum HR minus minimum HR) or the peak open-loop HR/CSP gains. Our results suggest that 1) it is unlikely that calcium channel antagonists act directly on the baroreceptors or the neural components of the baroreflex loop (i.e., afferent, central and efferent nerves) because they impair CS baroreflex control of MAP but not HR and 2) the impairment of MAP control is predominantly due to a nonspecific blunting of adrenergic vasoconstriction.
A review of human carcinogens—Part A: pharmaceuticals
Authors: Yann Grosse, Robert Baan, Kurt Straif, Béatrice Secretan, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Véronique Bouvard, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Neela Guha, Laurent Galichet, Vincent Cogliano
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2008)
A Small Molecule Inhibitor of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease-7 Induces Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells and Overcomes Bortezomib Resistance
Authors: Dharminder Chauhan, Ze Tian, Benjamin Nicholson, K.G. Suresh Kumar, Bin Zhou, Ruben Carrasco, Jeffrey L. McDermott, Craig A. Leach, Mariaterresa Fulcinniti, Matthew P. Kodrasov, Joseph Weinstock, William D. Kingsbury, Teru Hideshima, Parantu K. Shah, Stephane Minvielle, Mikael Altun, Benedikt M. Kessler, Robert Orlowski, Paul Richardson, Nikhil Munshi, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Valproate Pregnancy Risks
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Influence of Distance and Level of Care on Delivery Place in Rural Zambia: A Study of Linked National Data in a Geographic Information System
Authors: Sabine Gabrysch, Simon Cousens, Jonathan Cox, Oona M. R. Campbell
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Using linked national data in a geographic information system system, Sabine Gabrysch and colleagues investigate the effects of distance to care and level of care on women's use of health facilities for delivery in rural Zambia.
Review: Statins are effective for prevention of cardiovascular events in patients without coronary heart disease
Authors: Finlay A. McAlister
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Mills EJ, Rachlis B, Wu P, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality and events with statin treatments: a network meta-analysis involving more than 65, 000 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:1769-81. 19022156
Cyanide Intoxication-Reply
Authors: Paul Blanc
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate Dr Wald's and Dr Goldfrank's interest in our study. The "index case" in this outbreak of cyanide intoxication was working in an active production area of the silver-reclaiming facility at the time he was stricken. Autopsy findings yielded blood and spleen cyanide levels of 3.45 and 1.90 mg/L, respectively. These values are consistent with reported fatal cases, although postmortem findings may exhibit a wide range of values.<sup>1</sup>In this case, the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office determination of cyanide as the cause of death was indeed the basis of later successful criminal action against the owners of the facility. Environmental monitoring during active operations could not be obtained. Given the obvious imminent hazard to the workers, it would not have been ethical to continue exposure for the purpose of obtaining such samples. Since airborne cyanide levels were elevated<i>after</i>cessation of operations, it is likely
A PSYCHOSOMATIC STUDY OF ALLERGIC AND EMOTIONAL FACTORS IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA
Authors: ROBERT T. LONG, JOHN H. LAMONT, BABETTE WHIPPLE, LOUISE BANDLER, GASTON E. BLOM, LEO BURGIN, LUCIE JESSNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

1. Eighteen children, hospitalized for asthma, when exposed to their own house dust showed no demonstrable change in their respiration irrespective of their skin sensitivities to house dust. 2. Our clinical studies describe a need for closeness in the asthmatic child which is expressed here as a regressive wish. This regressive wish is felt by the child's ego as obstructive to further growth and development, and therefore as dangerous. This psychological conflict allows for an explanation of why hospitalizations lead to improvement of asthmatic symptoms. 3. We have described a methodology for validating clinical impressions. Our results are reported as trends which hold true only for this asthma group vs. this control group. We think that the analysis of our psychological test data shows that it is possible— though difficult—to devise objective ways of measuring dynamically meaningful hypotheses. We also feel there is good reason to believe that our particular choice of hypotheses has been fruitful in the study of asthma in children. 4. In a clinical study of the mothers of asthmatic children, we found evidence of the mother's wish to maintain the child in an infantile dependent state. Further, that this way of dealing with the asthmatic child stemmed from mother's own early unresolved conflicts.
A paired sibling analysis of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor and obesity in Mexican Americans.
Authors: B D Mitchell, J Blangero, A G Comuzzie, L A Almasy, A R Shuldiner, K Silver, M P Stern, J W MacCluer, J E Hixson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The beta3 adrenergic receptor, located on chromosome 8, is a regulator of energy expenditure and lipolysis. A missense mutation in this gene, characterized by the replacement of tryptophan by arginine at codon 64 (Trp64Arg), is associated with obesity in some studies. We examined the effect of this variant on obesity in Mexican Americans, using a paired sibling design to minimize variability due to genetic background and a previously identified major susceptibility locus for obesity. We identified 45 sib-pairs that were concordant (identical by descent) for a locus on chromosome 2 which we have shown previously to be tightly linked to obesity in this population. The Trp64Arg variant, detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, was present in one sibling within each of the 45 sib-pairs. Presence of the variant was associated with significantly higher values in body mass index (P = 0.04), fat mass (P = 0.04), and waist circumference (P = 0.05). We conclude that the Trp64Arg variant is associated with obesity in this Mexican American population. The paired sibling design probably enhanced our ability to detect the effects of this variant by allowing us to account for variation attributable to another obesity susceptibility locus and to background genes.
STATE RESPONSIBILITY AND AIMS IN COUNTY HEALTH WORK
Authors: J. N. HURTY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

It is plain that most of the relations and responsibilities of states to counties are very different from the relations and responsibilities of the national government to states. In comparing national and state reciprocal responsibilities, therefore, we shall probably not find any facts or considerations to aid us. As counties are decreed, defined and empowered by states, we perforce recognize that state responsibilities are fundamental, and aims must be on high levels, not only in the matter of health, but in all ways. Under our democratic form of government, the state should have a wise general health law, clearly prescribing duties and powers that counties should have for doing successful public health work. But the utmost possible freedom should be accorded to enable the inhabitants of counties to work out their own salvation according to their abilities. It would be necessary, for a state health law to secure live, progressive
Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis: A Defined Syndrome of an Ill Defined Cell
Authors: Albert F. LoBuglio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (LRE) is a term originally used by Ewald in 1923.1 As so often happens in medicine, the original paper described a patient whose disease would probably now be classified as acute monocytic leukemia. The clinical disorder now known as LRE was characterized in the classic paper of Bouroncle et al. in 1958, and included a description of the unusual morphology of the malignant cells.2 These cells have a serrated border in histologic sections and unique cytoplasmic extensions (pseudopods) in supravital preparations, which led to the commonly used label of "hairy" cells.3 The "hairy" cell was originally thought to . . .
Fertility Preservation in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer
Authors: Jennifer Levine, Andrea Canada, Catharyn J. Stern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Preservation of fertility is important to adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of cancer. Many survivors will maintain their reproductive potential after the successful completion of treatment for cancer. However total-body irradiation, radiation to the gonads, and chemotherapy regimens containing high-dose alkylators can place women at risk for acute ovarian failure or premature menopause and men at risk for temporary or permanent azoospermia. The most effective and established means of preserving fertility in this population is embryo cryopreservation in women and sperm cryopreservation in men before the initiation of cancer-directed therapy. Cryopreservation of mature oocytes is also becoming more commonplace as methods of thawing become more sophisticated. The use of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection has added to the viability of sperm and oocyte cryopreservation. Cryopreservation and transplantation of gonadal tissue in both males and females remains experimental but continues to be evaluated. Hormonal suppression has not been shown to be effective in males but may have promise in females, although larger scale trials are needed to evaluate this. Providing information about risk of infertility and possible interventions to maintain reproductive potential are critical for the AYA population at the time of diagnosis. Given the competing demands of providing complicated and detailed information about cancer treatment, the evolving information related to fertility preservation, and the ethical issues involved, it may be preferable, where possible, to have a specialized team, rather than the primary oncologist, address these issues with AYA patients.
Superficial granulomatous pyoderma. A report of two cases
Authors: N. HARDWICK, R. CERIO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Superficial granulomatous pyoderma. A report of two cases Get access N. HARDWICK, N. HARDWICK Department of Dermatology. Royal Liverpool University Hospital PO Box 147. Liverpool L69 3BX. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. CERIO R. CERIO Department of Dermatology, The Royal Londan Hospital Trust, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 6, 1 December 1993, Pages 718–722, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03339.x Published: 01 December 1993 Article history Accepted: 20 April 1993 Published: 01 December 1993
Cell proliferation and carcinogenesis models: general principles with illustrations from the rodent liver system.
Authors: S H Moolgavkar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Rates of cell proliferation, cell death, and cell differentiation affect the risk of cancer profoundly. An increase in cell proliferation rates leads to an increase in mutation rates per unit of time, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the risk of cancer. An increase in cell division rates relative to death or differentiation rates may lead to an increase in the population of critical target cells, which, again, leads to an increase in cancer risk. These fundamental principles are well illustrated by the rodent liver model for carcinogenesis. In this paper I briefly discuss some of the consequences of incorporating cell proliferation kinetics into quantitative models of cancer risk assessment. Consideration of cell kinetics can shed light on apparently paradoxical observations, such as the observation that the administration of two different promoters may lead to the same volume fraction in the rodent liver, with one promoter giving rise to a large number of small foci and the other to a small number of large foci. Another observation that can be illuminated by a consideration of cellular proliferation kinetics is the phenomenon of the inverse dose-rate effect. It has been observed with exposure to high LET radiation and to certain chemicals that fractionation of a given total dose of the agent leads to an increased life-time probability of tumor. A biological explanation of this finding can be given in terms of the effect of the agent on cell proliferation kinetics.
Cell Lineage Analysis in Human Brain Using Endogenous Retroelements
Authors: Gilad D. Evrony, Eunjung Lee, Bhaven K. Mehta, Yuval Benjamini, Robert M. Johnson, Xuyu Cai, Lixing Yang, Psalm Haseley, Hillel S. Lehmann, Peter J. Park, Christopher A. Walsh
Journal: Neuron (2015)