tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Similar performance but higher cholecystitis rate with covered biliary stents: results from a prospective multicenter evaluation
Authors: F. Fumex, D. Coumaros, B. Napoleon, M. Barthet, R. Laugier, T. Yzet, A. Sidaner, P. Desurmont, H. Lamouliatte, J.-C. Letard, J.-M. Canard, F. Prat, J.-F. Rey, T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and study aims: Endoscopic biliary stenting is now a well-established treatment method in patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction. Despite advances with metal stents, the problem of stent occlusion has not yet been resolved. Covered metal stents could reduce the occlusion rate by preventing tumor ingrowth, but have not been well evaluated. A prospective multicenter study was therefore conducted to evaluate the efficacy and disadvantages of covered Wallstents. Patients and methods: Covered Wallstents were implanted endoscopically in 62 patients with inoperable distal malignant biliary obstruction. Complications, stent patency, and patient survival were analyzed. Results: Stent insertion was achieved in 61 of the 62 patients (98.4 %). Procedure-related complications were observed in four patients, consisting of minor pancreatitis (n = 2) and abdominal pain due to stent expansion (n = 2). There was no procedure-related mortality. Seven patients died too early for proper assessment, so that a total of 54 patients were ultimately evaluated. Stent dysfunction occurred in 17 of the 54 patients (31.5 %). The reasons for dysfunction were proximal tumor overgrowth (n = 5), migration (n = 3), lithiasis or food impaction (n = 3), cholangitis without the need for a repeat biliary intervention (n = 5), and unknown (n = 1). The median period of stent patency was 142 days. No tumor ingrowth was observed. Acute cholecystitis was diagnosed in five patients (10 %) and was responsible for one death. Three stents were successfully removed. Conclusions: Covered biliary metal stents are effective for the drainage of distal malignant biliary obstruction, with a dysfunction rate apparently similar to that of uncovered stents. However, the risk of acute cholecystitis appears to be a major concern with this type of stent in patients with gallbladder in situ. Further comparative studies are needed.
TUBERCULOSIS IN MARKET MILK OF CHICAGO
Authors: F. O. TONNEY
Journal: JAMA (1910)

which we find a hi dory of attacks, similar to those described by the doctor in his paper, occurring as a precursor of epilepsy.In fact, as a result of a careful study of this subject I am con¬ vinced that, the brain lesions causing infantile cerebral palsies may be ranked as one of the most important and frequent causes of epilepsy.Dii. Sanuku BROWN, Chicago: It is a little doubtful whether these eases admit properly of a classification that would enable them all to he discussed together.According to the essayists the diphtheritic paralysis and encephalitis are adduced as the cause of the hemiplegia, I think the pathology of diphtheritic paralysis is pretty well defined to be a peripheral paralysis, and due to the effect of the toxin of diphtheria acting on the peripheral motor neurons, some being more sensitive than others, hut in severe cases all being affected.There are vari¬ ous evidences, such as the usual impairment or loss of the reflexes in the parts concerned.Now I do not think in either of the two eases referred to by the essayists, even though signs of diphtheritic paralysis appeared before hemiplegia, that is, in the paralysis of the palate, or in the p iwer of convergence, or the pupillary condition, even though that had occurred, and a flei ward liemiplegia occurred, it would he proper to regard the hemiplegia.as being caused by the diphtheritic paralysis.II would he, 1 think, fair to assume that it was due to the general infection, as it might occur in any of the infectious diseases', and as Dr. Sachs has pointed out, or contended for very ably, the hemiplegia would be due to a vascular disturb¬ ance, due to the infectious disease, and not to the toxin acting on the peripheral neurons.I would strongly take the view (hat these two conditions were merely coincident, and I do not think it would he at all proper to regard the hemiplegia as a form of diphtheritic paralysis.Now, I think each case should he considered separately.The only other point that struck me was in the case of the Child with the paralytic and
Electrophysiological effects of glucose-insulin-potassium on atrioventricular conduction in man
Authors: J. SENGES, I. RIZOS, J. BRACHMANN, E. CZYGAN, R. JAUERNIG, W. KUBLER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Journal Article Electrophysiological effects of glucose-insulin-potassium on atrioventricular conduction in man Get access JOCHEN SENGES, JOCHEN SENGES * From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany *Address for reprints: Dr J Senges, Abt Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie), Medizinische Universitätsklink, 69 Heidelberg, Bergheimer Str 58, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar IOANNIS RIZOS, IOANNIS RIZOS From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHANNES BRACHMANN, JOHANNES BRACHMANN From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ELLEN CZYGAN, ELLEN CZYGAN From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ROLF JAUERNIG, ROLF JAUERNIG From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar WOLFGANG KÜBLER WOLFGANG KÜBLER From the Abteilung Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie) Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Bergheimer Str. 58, 69 Heidelberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 16, Issue 6, June 1982, Pages 308–316, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/16.6.308 Published: 01 June 1982
Sudden Nocturnal Death in Southeast Asian Refugees
Authors: Marc F. Colman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  I read with interest the article entitled Cardiac Pathology of Sudden Unexplained Nocturnal Death in Southeast Asian Refugees, by Kirschner et al.1I believe a possible clinical explanation for the death of these patients exists.  Sleep apnea syndrome would explain almost all of the issues raised in this article. Sleep apnea syndrome is a disease with a significant male preponderance, and all of the patients autopsied in this series were male. The authors postulate that the patients died of a fatal cardiac arrhythmia, and arrhythmias are known to occur as a direct result of hemoglobin desaturation during apneic events. The autopsied hearts were grossly hypertrophied. The authors discuss the possibility of systemic hypertension in this article. Both systemic and pulmonary hypertension are well-known components of sleep apnea syndrome.  One of the frightening aspects of evaluating patients with sleep-related breathing disorders is that we evaluate only the
ANEURYSM OF THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
Authors: Vilhelm Magnus
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In a report of two cases of lesions of the paratrigeminal region, Davis<sup>1</sup>says: "These patients offer a real differential diagnostic problem because surgical measures directed toward the fifth cranial nerve usually offer no relief." This assertion has not been proved by the cases that have been published, as in the first case only an alcoholic injection was made in the ophthalmic and the maxillary branch at the peripheral foramina, and later a deep injection was made in the maxillary branch; a radical operation was not performed. In a case comparable to Davis' second case, I have had good results from avulsion of the trigeminal root, and the patient was completely relieved of his pain. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> Caretaker A. H., aged 69, consulted me, March 23, 1924, because of pain in the crown of the head, which radiated down the right part of the forehead, the right eye
Causes of Deaths in Automobile Accidents
Authors: Donald F. Huelke
Journal: JAMA (1968)

One hundred and thirty-nine automobile accidents, in which 177 occupants died, were studied over a four-year period. Ejection of the occupant from the car was found to be the leading cause of death. At least 50% of the drivers at fault had been drinking prior to the collision. Collisions at the door caused a significant number of fatalities by collapsing and compromising the passenger compartment. Impacts with the steering assembly and instrument panel ranked high as causes of the fatalities. It is postulated that 40% of those killed could have survived had seat belts been worn and an additional 13%, if seat belts and shoulder belts had been used.
The Humanities in Postgraduate Training
Authors: Robert Coles
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Needless to say, Williams wrote for everyone and anyone— certainly not with his medical colleagues uppermost in his mind. But he was making a point to a young physician who wanted to see more courses in literature and the humanities taught in medical schools. Williams was quick to remind the young physician what would happen in the medical schools: They'll offer some nice, pleasant thing, a teaspoon of sugar, for the first-year kids, their way of telling the students, see, it's not so scary here, and see, we can help you settle in, though in a year or two... well,<i>forget</i>it, because then there will be the really serious business in front of you, and no time for songs, no time for storytelling! Such language—brusque, colloquial, and shrewd—was vintage Williams. He was trying to share an old-timer's sad wisdom with an earnest neophyte. He took pains that day to
Immunologic Aspects of Thyroid Function
Authors: Reginald Hall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

FOR many years after it was first described, Hashimoto's disease was considered rare and was usually diagnosed by the pathologist after thyroidectomy. More recently the use of the needle biopsy and the application of modern immunologic technics have shown that the disease is far more common than previously thought. These studies have also thrown new light on its etiology and revealed its relation to other thyroid disorders.This review deals with the immunologic aspects of Hashimoto's disease, with special emphasis on the factors that predispose to its development. There have been several recent reviews on the role of autoimmunity in . . .
IMPACT OF INTENSIVE LIPID LOWERING THERAPY ON CAROTID PLAQUE INSTABILITY ASSESSED BY MRI; CHALLENGER TRIAL: CAROTID PLAQUE IN HUMAN FOR ALL EVALUATIONS WITH AGGRESSIVE ROSUVASTATIN THERAPY – EVALUATION BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Katsumi Hiroyuki, Miyauchi Daida
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Gendo and Larson. Evidence-based diagnostic strategies for evaluating suspected allergic rhinitis. Ann Intern Med 2004;140:278-89
Authors: Burton Zweiman, Marc E Rothenberg
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)

This report reviewed the test characteristics of the history, skin tests, and in vitro tests in diagnosing allergic rhinitis from the perspective of decision thresholds. The authors, in a large allergy/asthma practice, concluded that a combination of pertinent medical history features in a practice with a high baseline prevalence of allergic rhinitis justifies the common practice of initial empirical treatment without allergy testing, inasmuch as allergy medication has minimal toxicity and side effects. In more complex or less well-defined situations, the authors feel that the decision to initiate diagnostic testing must be based on clinical judgment with respect to the selection of patients who would benefit most from determination of their allergic status while unnecessary testing is kept to a minimum. They emphasized that diagnosing allergy to a specific antigen allows patients to avoid the allergen and makes them candidates for allergen immunotherapy, which can decrease the need for medications.
Some Problems Arising in Prospective and Retrospective Studies of the Etiology of Disease
Authors: Harold F. Dorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

SIX years ago Bradford Hill, in his Cutter Lecture on the role of observation and experiment in preventive medicine, pointed out that although the experimental method clearly is preferable whenever it can be used, many, if not most, of the problems arising in the investigation of the etiology of disease in human populations, for ethical or other reasons, must be studied by the observation of naturally occurring events. Therefore he did not "repudiate or even. . . underrate the claims of accurate and designed observations." But, he emphasized, in using the method of observation, one should not be content with . . .
Patients and Clients
Authors: Alex S. Tulsky
Journal: JAMA (1982)

It is my custom, when I come on a floor of the hospital, to take the appropriate nursing charts and to direct my attention first to that section labeled Nursing Notes. This quickly tells me what each patient's course has been in the previous 24 hours, after which I review more leisurely those sections dealing with laboratory analyses, house staff progress notes, and the like. I have been startled, in recent months, to learn from the nursing notes that my client did or did not void, was or was not febrile, that my client was or was not in pain, or that my client was ready for discharge in the morning. It disconcerted me to find that the patients I have taken care of for many years have magically become clients. I had always known that lawyers, architects, and businessmen had clients to deal with, but the uniqueness of the
Identification of a particular HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell subset with a CD27+ CD45RO−/RA+ phenotype and memory characteristics after initiation of HAART during acute primary HIV infection
Authors: Camille Lécuroux, Isabelle Girault, Alejandra Urrutia, Jean-Marc Doisne, Christiane Deveau, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Martine Sinet, Alain Venet
Journal: Blood (2008)
Acetaminophen dosing of humans results in blood transcriptome and metabolome changes consistent with impaired oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Rick D. Fannin, Mark Russo, Thomas M. O'Connell, Kevin Gerrish, Jason H. Winnike, Jeffrey Macdonald, Jack Newton, Shahid Malik, Stella O. Sieber, Joel Parker, Ruchir Shah, Tong Zhou, Paul B. Watkins, Richard S. Paules
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

The diagnosis and management of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is hindered by the limited utility of traditional clinical chemistries. It has recently been shown that hepatotoxicants can produce compound-specific changes in the peripheral blood (PB) transcriptome in rodents, suggesting that the blood transcriptome might provide new biomarkers of DILI. To investigate in humans, we used DNA microarrays as well as serum metabolomic methods to characterize changes in the transcriptome and metabolome in serial PB samples obtained from six healthy adults treated with a 4-g bolus dose of acetaminophen (APAP) and from three receiving placebo. Treatment did not cause liver injury as assessed by traditional liver chemistries. However, 48 hours after exposure, treated subjects showed marked down-regulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial function that was not observed in the placebos ( P &lt; 1.66E-19). The magnitude of down-regulation was positively correlated with the percent of APAP converted to the reactive metabolite N -acetyl - p -benzoquinone-imide (NAPQI) ( r = 0.739; P = 0.058). In addition, unbiased analysis of the serum metabolome revealed an increase in serum lactate from 24 to 72 hours postdosing in the treated subjects alone ( P &lt; 0.005). Similar PB transcriptome changes were observed in human overdose patients and rats receiving toxic doses. Conclusion: The single 4-g APAP dose produced a transcriptome signature in PB cells characterized by down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation genes accompanied by increased serum lactate. Similar gene expression changes were observed in rats and several patients after consuming hepatotoxic doses of APAP. The timing of the changes and the correlation with NAPQI production are consistent with mechanisms known to underlie APAP hepatoxicity. These studies support the further exploration of the blood transcriptome for biomarkers of DILI. (Hepatology 2010.)
Identification of 31 novel mutations in the F8 gene in Spanish hemophilia A patients: structural analysis of 20 missense mutations suggests new intermolecular binding sites
Authors: Adoración Venceslá, María Ángeles Corral-Rodríguez, Manel Baena, Mónica Cornet, Montserrat Domènech, Montserrat Baiget, Pablo Fuentes-Prior, Eduardo F. Tizzano
Journal: Blood (2008)
Monoamine-oxidase inhibitors and cheese.
Authors: D. Cronin
Journal: BMJ (1965)

woman should lie in its ability to overcome the clinical results of corpus luteum insufficiency or inadequate luteal phase.It was decided to limit the investigation to 100 women complaining of the primary infertility of their marriage, all of whom had bimanual pelvic examination under anaesthe- sia, had kymographic tubal insufflation tests, had premenstrual endometrial biopsies or curettage, and whose husbands had all been proved fertile by seminal tests.The pill was prescribed as for the contraceptive technique,
Heterotrophic Ossification in a Patient Suspected of Having Osteomyelitis
Authors: Fahim Ul Hassan, Mohammed Enayat, Fathia Mohammed, Sanjay Vijayanathan, Gopinath Gnanasegaran
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 46-year-old man, with a history of bilateral amputations, presented with a long-standing chronic nonhealing wound at the left below-knee amputation, which was sustained after a crush injury. The patient was referred for a bone scan to exclude osteomyelitis of the left stump. The bone scan showed increased uptake in the left below-knee amputation stump, raising the possibility of an infection. However, SPECT/CT of this area confirmed the uptake to correspond to the heterotrophic ossification of the left below-knee stump and no evidence of osteomyelitis.
Introduction of the computer assisted prescribing scheme Prodigy was premature
Authors: I. E Buchan, R. Hanka, D. Pencheon, P. Bundred
Journal: BMJ (1996)

in those dying of cardiac causes compared with those who survived (0.11 (0.07) and 0.05 (0.02) ms"2 respectively, P<0.001).However, heart rates were similar in the two groups (66 (12) beats/minute in survivors and 66 (13) beats/ minute in those who died).Although there are methodological problems with qualitative measurement of QTc dispersion, previous work has shown that variation in interlead measurements far outweigh inaccuracies introduced by any other factor, including interobserver and intraobserver variation.2In our study the intraobserver and interobserver vari- ability expressed in absolute values was of the order of 1 1 ms"2 and 16 ms"/2 respectively, suggesting that the differences in QTc dispersion between patient groups cannot be explained by variability in measurement.In fact, we reported coefficients of variation on page 875 of our article.The study by Agha W Haider and Saba Naz showing reduced QTc dispersion in patients with preinfarction angina warrants further investigation.Although preinfarction angina might confer some early benefit in hospital, it tends to be associated with more recurrent ischaemia and a worse longer term outcome.3A recent study showing increased QT dispersion in diabetic patients with autonomic dysfunction4 suggests that measurement of QT dispersion in this group of patients may be a cheap and valuable tool for detecting patients at increased risk of sudden cardiac death, as suggested by Gyorgy Jermendy.
The State of Research Funding From the National Institutes of Health for Criminal Justice Health Research
Authors: Cyrus Ahalt, Marielle Bolano, Emily A. Wang, Brie Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Over 20 million Americans are currently or have been incarcerated. Most are from medically underserved populations; 1 in 3 African American men and 1 in 6 Latino men born in 2001 are projected to go to prison during their lifetime. The amount of funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to understand and improve the health of persons involved with the criminal justice system is unknown.To describe NIH funding for research on the health and health care needs of criminal justice-involved persons.Review of NIH grants (2008-2012) in the RePORT (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools) database.U.S. criminal justice system.Criminal justice-involved persons participating in NIH-funded clinical research.NIH research and training grants awarded, by number, type, research area, institute or center, and dollar amount.Of more than 250 000 NIH-funded grants, 180 (<0.1%) focused on criminal justice health research. The 3 most common foci were substance use or HIV (64%), mental health (11%), and juvenile health (8%). The National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Mental Health funded 78% of all grants. In 2012, the NIH invested $40.9 million in criminal justice health research, or 1.5% of the $2.7 billion health disparities budget for that year.NIH-supported research that did not explicitly include current or former prisoners but may have relevance to criminal justice health was not included.Federal funding for research focused on understanding and improving the health of criminal justice-involved persons is small, even compared with the NIH's overall investment in health disparities research. The NIH is well-positioned to transform the care of current and former prisoners by investing in this critical yet overlooked research area.
Targeting BRAF in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Elizabeth O'Donnell, Noopur S. Raje
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2013)

In multiple myeloma, it is believed that multiple mutations in different pathways deregulate the intrinsic biology of the plasma cell, resulting in a genetically complex heterogeneous disease. Mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway have been identified and represent potential targets for therapy in this disease. BRAF, a serine/threonine kinase, has received considerable attention given the success of targeted therapy in malignant melanoma. Andrulis and colleagues report, for the first time, successful treatment of multiple myeloma with vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, in a patient with a BRAF mutation.