tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A molecular analysis of viral persistence in surface antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B
Authors: J KATO
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

To identify the mechanisms of viral persistence in patients with chronic hepatitis B after the acquisition of anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibodies (antiHBs), we serially analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the envelope region in a cohort of infected patients. Four patients with histological diagnoses of chronic hepatitis B who had at least 5 years of observance by our hospital staff were studied. All but one showed normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration after clearance of the hepatitis B surface of antigen (HBsAg) and the appearance of anti-HBs. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was still detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification assay in serum specimens from two patients, even in the presence of circulating anti-HBs. The envelope gene was amplified by PCR in serum samples obtained both before and after seroconversion, and direct cycle sequencing of the PCR products was performed. A mutation resulting in a premature stop codon was found in the pre-S1 region of one patient just prior to clearance of HBsAg. Two years later, the stop codon was converted to a leucine codon and three mutations developed in the “a” loop. In the other patient, 16 amino acids had been deleted between amino acids 8 and 23 in the pre-S2 region before clearance of HBsAg. After the appearance of circulating anti-HBs, the pre-S2 gene reverted to the wild type but three additional mutations appeared inside the “a” loop. These results suggest that HBV mutates when HBsAg is cleared, which may contribute to viral persistence due to an evasion of the host immune surveillance.
Prognostic Significance of Tumor Volume after Radical Prostatectomy: A Multivariate Analysis of Pathological Prognostic Factors
Authors: Laurent Salomon, Olivier Levrel, Aristotelis G. Anastasiadis, Jacques Irani, Alexandre De La Taille, Fabien Saint, Dimitri Vordos, Antony Cicco, Andras Hoznek, Dominique Chopin, Claude-Clément Abbou
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Aspirin, Warfarin, or the Combination for Secondary Prevention of Coronary Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Thao Huynh, Pierre Théroux, Peter Bogaty, James Nasmith, Susan Solymoss
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Patients with a non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and prior CABG are at high risk of a recurrent ischemic event despite aspirin therapy. This trial investigated the potential benefit of secondary prevention with warfarin. Methods and Results —In a double-blind randomized trial, 135 patients with unstable angina or non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, with prior CABG, and who were poor candidates for a revascularization procedure received therapy with aspirin and placebo+warfarin, warfarin and placebo+aspirin, or aspirin and warfarin for 12 months. Warfarin was titrated to an international normalized ratio of 2.0 to 2.5. The primary end point (death or myocardial infarction or unstable angina requiring hospitalization 1 year after randomization) occurred in 14.6% of the patients in the warfarin-alone group, in 11.5% of patients in the aspirin-alone group, and in 11.3% of patients randomized to the combination therapy ( P =0.76). Subgroup analyses by risk features provided no indications that warfarin alone or in combination with aspirin could be of benefit over aspirin alone. Bleeding was more frequent in the 2 groups of patients administered warfarin. Conclusions —Moderate-intensity oral anticoagulation alone or combined with low-dose aspirin does not appear to be superior to low-dose aspirin in the prevention of recurrent ischemic events in patients with non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes and previous CABG.
Common arterial trunk and pulmonary atresia: close developmental cousins? Results from a teratogen induced animal model
Authors: M. Jackson, M.G. Connell, A. Smith, J. Drury, R.H. Anderson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Common arterial trunk and pulmonary atresia: close developmental cousins? Results from a teratogen induced animal model Get access M. Jackson, M. Jackson * *Corresponding author. Tel. 051 228 4811, ext. 2438. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.G. Connell, M.G. Connell aThe Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital Alder Hey, Eaton Road, Liverpool, LI2 2AP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Smith, A. Smith aThe Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital Alder Hey, Eaton Road, Liverpool, LI2 2AP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Drury, J. Drury aThe Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital Alder Hey, Eaton Road, Liverpool, LI2 2AP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.H. Anderson R.H. Anderson bRoyal Brompton National Heart and Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1995, Pages 992–1000, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00174-3 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 12 April 1995 Accepted: 15 August 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Hyperkalemia Enhances the Effect of Adenosine on I <sub>K,ADO</sub> in Rabbit Isolated AV Nodal Myocytes and on AV Nodal Conduction in Guinea Pig Isolated Heart
Authors: Anatoly E. Martynyuk, Timothy E. Morey, Luiz Belardinelli, Donn M. Dennis
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The atrioventricular (AV) node is insensitive to changes in extracellular potassium concentration, [K + ] o , because of the absence of the inward rectifier potassium current (I K1 ). However, we propose that in the presence of adenosine, elevated [K + ] o should increase the adenosine-activated inward rectifier potassium current (I K,ADO ) in AV nodal myocytes and hence augment the negative dromotropic effect of the nucleoside. Methods and Results —The effects of normal (4.8 mmol/L) and high (8.0 mmol/L) [K + ] o on adenosine-induced changes in resting membrane potential (V m ), I K,ADO , and membrane resistance (R m ) in rabbit isolated AV nodal myocytes and in AV nodal conduction delay (atrium-to-His bundle, AH, interval) in guinea pig isolated hearts were determined with the use of whole-cell patch-clamp and His bundle electrogram techniques, respectively. High [K + ] o alone did not significantly affect membrane current, R m , or V m in AV nodal myocytes. However, high [K + ] o in the presence of adenosine (3 μmol/L) markedly increased I m (−0.249±0.038 to −0.571±0.111 nA, P &lt;0.05) at −100 mV and reduced R m (151±21 to 77±8 MΩ, P &lt;0.02). Adenosine still hyperpolarized V m from −48±2 to −65±1 mV ( P &lt;0.001). High [K + ] o alone did not significantly affect the AH interval in isolated hearts. However, high [K + ] o markedly lengthened the AH interval prolongation caused by adenosine (4 μmol/L, 7.9±0.8 vs 22.1±3.0 ms, P &lt;0.001). The potentiating effect of high [K + ] o on adenosine-induced delay in AV nodal conduction was abolished by BaCl 2 (100 μmol/L). Conclusions —By increasing I K,ADO and decreasing R m of AV nodal myocytes, elevated [K + ] o , augments the depressant effect of adenosine on AV nodal conduction.
Food Antioxidants to Prevent Cataract
Authors: Julie Mares
Journal: JAMA (2015)

RESULTS There were 4309 incident cases of age-related cataracts during the mean 7.7 years of follow-up (234 371 person-years). The multivariable rate ratio in the highest quintile of the TAC of the diet compared with the lowest was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79-0.96; P for trend = .03). The main contributors to dietary TAC in the study population were fruit and vegetables (44.3%), whole grains (17.0%), and coffee (15.1%).
Anti‐<i>Candida albicans</i> IgE and IgG subclasses in sera of patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
Authors: E. Roig, J. L. Malo, S. Montplaisir
Journal: Allergy (1997)

We performed immunoblotting experiments to determine specific IgE and IgG subclass responses to Candida albicans antigens in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) patients. This is a first report describing C. albicans antigens recognized by serum IgE and IgG subclasses of ABPA patients sensitized to that yeast. Among the various antigens reacting with serum IgE, a 43-kDa component was recognized by all seven patients and can be considered a major antigen of C. albicans for this particular group of patients. By comparison, only 20% of a group of asthmatic atopics (25 patients) and 10% of a group of normal controls (10 subjects) were 43-kDa positive. Multiple banding patterns, revealing no major antigen, were observed for all four IgG subclasses except for IgG1 in one case. In particular, the 43-kDa component was not always recognized by all the patients. Furthermore, oral or inhaled steroid treatment appears to have no impact on the specific IgE immunopatterns obtained. Using immunoelectron-microscopy, we localized IgE-binding primarily in the mannoprotein-containing layers of the C. albicans cell wall. In conclusion, C. albicans-IgE and IgG subclasses may participate in the physiopathology of ABPA by exacerbating pulmonary infiltrates (IgE) and inducing eosinophil-mediated inflammatory reaction (IgG1, IgG3).
Magnetic-nanoparticle-modified paclitaxel for targeted therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Mu-Yi Hua, Hung-Wei Yang, Cheng-Keng Chuang, Rung-Ywan Tsai, Wen-Jauh Chen, Kun-Lung Chuang, Ying-Hsu Chang, Heng-Chang Chuang, See-Tong Pang
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
NEURALGIAS AND FUNCTIONAL DISTURBANCES ARISING FROM INFECTIONS IN AND ABOUT THE TONSIL
Authors: FRANK C. TODD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Disturbances now commonly attributed to infected tonsils may be grouped under three heads, as follows:  1. Acute and chronic tonsillitis (symptoms in the tonsils themselves).  2. Diseases of the contiguous mucous membrane, that is, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, Eustachian tube and middle ear, arising from the pouring out of infected secretion from the tonsillar crypts.  3. Remote secondary infections, such as rheumatic arthritis, pericarditis, etc.  To these three groups there should be added a fourth not commonly attributed to infected tonsils, but which, it is hoped, this paper will demonstrate should be so ascribed, namely:  4. Local infections involving structures in the neck contiguous to the tonsil, giving rise to symptoms in this region, presumably, through involvement of nerves, often, by direct irritation or inflammation, but, sometimes, through reflex involvement, resulting in neuralgias and functional disturbances.  1. The first group was, until a comparatively recent period, the only one recognized.
Should we rethink the scheduling of elective surgery at the weekend?
Authors: Janice L Kwan, Chaim M Bell
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Higher 30 day mortality for elective procedures scheduled Friday through Sunday 

Ideally, the quality of care that patients receive should not differ according to the day of the week. In reality, however, patients admitted to hospital at the weekend seem to have poorer outcomes than those admitted during the working week. Many studies have shown this so called “weekend effect.”1 2 3 4 A proposed explanation for this phenomenon is that quality of care at weekends is worse because of reduced or altered staffing levels. Reassuringly, this observation does not hold true across the spectrum of care.5 6

Most studies that have examined the outcomes of medical care at the weekend have focused on emergency care. In a linked paper (doi:10.1136/bmj.f2424), Aylin and colleagues assessed the association between day of elective surgical procedure and 30 day postoperative mortality using retrospective analysis of English …
Recurrent Pneumonia
Authors: RICHARD H. WINTERBAUER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Review of 158 patients with recurrent pneumonia seen over an 11-year period showed 1 or more major associated diseases in 147. Diseases with extrathoracic manifestations were associated with recurrent pneumonia as commonly as primary thoracic diseases, with alcoholism, chronic obstructive airway disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and bronchiectasis being the commonest associated illnesses. Such time-honored causes of recurrent pneumonia as bronchogenic carcinoma, multiple myeloma, and hypogammaglobulinemia were diagnosed very infrequently. The associated illness clearly antedated the recurrent pneumonias in virtually all cases, and 74.5% of these were readily recognized through history or physical examination. The pattern of recurrent pneumonia, including location of recurrence, number of recurrences, and organisms responsible for infection, were essentially identical for the various specific associated illnesses. The only exception to this was a higher frequency of recurrent pneumonia in the same area in patients with localized intrathoracic disease. Despite the strong association with severe, chronic, underlying illness, recurrent pneumonia had a low case fatality rate.
Hb E/Hb Lepore<sub>Hollandia</sub> in a family from Bangladesh
Authors: John S. Waye, Barry Eng, Margaret Patterson, David H. K. Chui, Lebe S. Chang, Bessie Cogionis, Annette O. Poon, Nancy F. Olivieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract We describe a family from Bangladesh in which three children are compound heterozy‐gotes for Hb E (α 2 β 2 , β26 Glu Lys ) and Hb Lepore (δ‐β fusion gene). PCR amplification and direct nucleotide sequencing established that the fusion gene is Hb Lepore Hollandia , with the cross‐over localized to a 40 bp window between codon 22 and IVS‐1 nt 16 of the δ‐ and β‐globin genes. This unusual combination of mutations is associated with a relatively mild clinical phenotype, with all three affected siblings having microcytic anemia of moderate severity without the need for transfusions. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Have the outcomes of rescue angioplasty after failed thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction improved in the stent era?
Authors: Milena G. Adamian, Gregg W. Stone, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Andrea S. Abizaid, Alexander Abizaid, Mohamed Mohamed, Yuliya Adamyan, Arlene Reyes, Izat Hjazi, Ioannis Iakovou, Makoto Hirose, Alexandra J. Lansky, Jeffrey W. Moses, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Effects on ventricular arrhythmias of an early lisinopril treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction: The GISSI-3 experience
Authors: Aldo P. Maggioni, Fabrizio Pizzetti, Eugenio Santoro, Roberto Latini, Giulio Zuanetti, MariaGrazia Franzosi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Efficient adenoviral-mediated ornithine transcarbamylase expression in deficient mouse and human hepatocytes.
Authors: M A Morsy, E L Alford, A Bett, F L Graham, C T Caskey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

100% of primary human hepatocytes infected with an adenoviral vector carrying beta-galactosidase expressed the exogenous gene. Expression was also achieved in > 40% of adult mouse hepatocytes in vivo. Normal levels of activity were achieved in mouse ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC)-deficient primary hepatocytes using another adenoviral vector carrying human OTC cDNA. Study of OTC-deficient primary human hepatocytes from a single patient confirmed the utility of adenoviral delivery of OTC. We describe adenoviral-mediated exogenous gene expression in human and mouse hepatocytes in vitro and in mouse liver in vivo. Data suggest that adenoviral vectors may be useful for correcting OTC deficiency.
Up-regulation of glomerular extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor-βbgr; expression in RF/J mice
Authors: Tadashi Kamata, Eri Muso, Masatomo Yashiro, Takahide Kawamura, Atsushi Oyama, Hiroyuki Matsushima, Eiji Takeuchi, Haruyoshi Yoshida, Shigetake Sasayama
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Update in Asthma 2007
Authors: Wendy C. Moore
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

A major event in asthma was the publication of the third edition of the updated National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) ‘‘Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma’’ by the National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health (1). The resource document for the guidelines has grown remarkably in length from 150 pages (1997) to more than 350 pages (2007), and is one indication of just how far our understanding of the clinical syndrome that is called asthma has progressed in the past decade. The guidelines are impressive, but it is important to remember that they are largely built on a solid background of studies that have led to our current insights into pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical medicine, evidence-based treatment recommendations, and novel therapies. Notable manuscripts published in the past year have included basic pathobiology in mice (2–22) and humans (23–35) as well as large randomized clinical trials exploring novel therapeutic options (36–39). Articles have advanced our understanding of the influence of genetics (40–45), early-life influences (46–48), and the environment on the development of asthma (49–55). New tools were developed to assess asthma control (56), predict risk (57), and monitor patients for comorbidities (58–60). Potential new biomarkers (61–64) and exhaled nitric oxide were evaluated as tools to diagnose and help manage asthma (65, 66). Monoclonal antibodies (67) and bronchial thermoplasty (68) were among the new therapies explored in asthma (69).
Truthfulness and Personal Disclosure in the Physician–Patient Relationship
Authors: Dean Blakeley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Letters21 October 2008Truthfulness and Personal Disclosure in the Physician–Patient RelationshipDean Blakeley, MDDean Blakeley, MDFrom Zebulon, NC 27597.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-8-200810210-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the essay by Agrawal (1). Being a gay man with a life partner of more than 13 years, I'e had similar encounters and awkward situations that have caused similar internal struggles on many levels. When I was confronted by a colleague who said I still had internalized homophobia, I was incredulous. After discussing it, however, I agreed that he was probably correct in his assessment. Part of the coming-out process is overcoming the shame of being different and always expecting to be judged negatively by any newcomer one comes across. The difficulty in ...Reference1. Agrawal A. Lies to a patient. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:707. [PMID: 18458285] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Dean Blakeley, MDAffiliations: From Zebulon, NC 27597.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoLies to a Patient Abha Agrawal Truthfulness and Personal Disclosure in the Physician–Patient Relationship David R. Fulp Truthfulness and Personal Disclosure in the Physician–Patient Relationship Abha Agrawal Truthfulness and Personal Disclosure in the Physician–Patient Relationship David Lewis Metrics 21 October 2008Volume 149, Issue 8Page: 593KeywordsChildrenConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth care providersMedical conditionsResearch laboratoriesSexual identity ePublished: 21 October 2008 Issue Published: 21 October 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Use of Arterial Transfer Functions for the Derivation of Central Aortic Waveform Characteristics in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Sarah A. Hope, David B. Tay, Ian T. Meredith, James D. Cameron
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We refer to the letters of Wilkinson and McEniery (1) and Avolio, Cockcroft, and O’Rourke (2). In our article, we make it abundantly clear that all results, including the transfer function utilized, were generated from data obtained in our laboratory (3). As the above correspondents note, we have previously reported at length in peer-reviewed literature how this is implemented by our group (4–9).

There is no published data to support the contention that any transfer function performs adequately in subjects with diabetes (10–13). This issue has not been addressed in the literature by enthusiasts of …
Long-term effects of ileal bypass on lipoproteins in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Authors: P Koivisto, T A Miettinen
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Partial ileal bypass is effective in reducing circulating cholesterol levels. In our study the 10 year effects of the procedure on serum lipids and lipoproteins were studied in 27 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. The ileal bypass patients were compared with conservatively treated case controls matched for age, sex, serum cholesterol level, relative body weight, blood pressure, and smoking habits and also for the existence of diabetes and coronary heart disease. Serum triglycerides were initially slightly higher in the patients undergoing ileal bypass. During the 10 year follow-up eight surgically treated and seven control patients suffered fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarctions. Of these all but one male subject who underwent surgery had had manifest coronary heart disease at entry. Male sex, smoking, triglyceride levels, and angina were significant predictors of new coronary events. The fall in serum cholesterol in patients who underwent ileal bypass and had fatal myocardial infarctions was smaller than in the corresponding subjects without events. The serum lipid levels of the survivors at the end of the 10 year follow-up showed that ileal bypass, as compared with the conservative treatment, had led to a larger decrease in total serum cholesterol (-33% vs -11% in the control patients; p less than .001); lower total serum cholesterol (360 vs 468 mg/dl; p less than .001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (236 vs 324 mg/dl, p less than .001), and LDL apoprotein B levels (186 vs 231 mg/dl; p less than .001); and higher serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (46 vs 38 mg/dl; p less than .05) and HDL2 cholesterol levels (25 vs 16 mg/dl; p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluation of in Vivo and in Vitro Responses to Nole e1 in Systemic and Local Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Paloma Campo, Carmen M. Rondon Segovia, Mayte Villalba, Cristobalina Mayorga, M.J. Sanchez-Quintero, Oscar Palomares, Luisa Galindo, Lidia Melendez, Jose Luis Rodriguez-Bada, Miguel Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)