tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
417 PRETREATMENT SERUM INTERFERON-GAMMA-INDUCIBLE PROTEIN (IP-10) LEVELS PREDICT THE RESPONSE TO TREATMENT IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HCV GENOTYPE 4A
Authors: W.M. Eldars, M. El-Bendary, S. Hawas, G. El-Nady, M. Ali, K. Zalata
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Antilymphocytic Antibody: Effects in Experimental Animals and Problems in Human Use
Authors: STEWART SELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The effects of antilymphocytic serum (ALS) and antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) in animals and in humans are reviewed. Antilymphocytic serum or ALG appear to affect: [1] the initial recognition of antigen by immunologically competent cells; [2] the expression of delayed hypersensitivity in previously sensitized individuals; [3] the induction of secondary responses to antigen (immunological memory); and [4] the production of circulating antibody, presumably by affecting precursors of antibody-forming cells. Antilymphocytic serum or ALG do not affect: plasma cells already producing antibody, the expression of immune reactions mediated by circulating antibody, or inflammation due to nonspecific initiation. Antilymphocyte globulin has been effective in suppressing delayed skin reactions and prolonging skin-allograft survival in humans. In view of the potential of ALG in prolonging allograft survival in human recipients, further controlled clinical trials and in vitro studies of antihuman lymphocyte sera are warranted. The experimental data now available can give considerable guidance to approach such trials.
Review: Bariatric surgery increases weight loss and diabetes remission more than nonsurgical treatment
Authors: Lawrence J. Cheskin, Scott Kahan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Gloy VL, Briel M, Bhatt DL, et al. Bariatric surgery versus non-surgical treatment for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2013;347:f5934. 24149519
Improvement of Temperature and Flow in Feet of Subjects with Diabetes With Use of a Transdermal Preparation of <scp>l</scp>-Arginine
Authors: Eric T. Fossel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Circulatory impairment and its sequlae have long been known to be major complications of diabetes. It has been shown that in diabetes, the functionality of the endothelial nitric oxide (NO)/nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) system is impaired (1–3). NO is generated in the endothelium through the oxidation of the amino acid l-arginine by the enzyme eNOS. NO causes vascular smooth muscle to relax, resulting in increased blood flow. In addition to being a substrate of eNOS, l-arginine facilitates the dimerization of two identical subunits, forming a homodimer. The enzyme is only active in the dimeric form. Under proper conditions, dimerization occurs rapidly, on a timescale of minutes. Once formed, the dimer is stable (4).

Subjects with diabetes have abnormally low levels of l-arginine (5) and elevated levels of the eNOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADME) (6) in their plasma. Though the value of increasing l-arginine levels in cases of impaired circulation is …
710 RISK OF NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA AND CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA IN TAIWANESE PAROUS WOMEN WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY
Authors: C.W. Fwu, Y.C. Chien, S.L. You, K.E. Nelson, G.D. Kirk, H.S. Kuo, M. Feinleib, C.J. Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Pesticide Product Use and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Women
Authors: Ikuko Kato, Hiroko Watanabe-Meserve, Karen L. Koenig, Mark S. Baptiste, Patricia P. Lillquist, Glauco Frizzera, Jerome S. Burke, Miriam Moseson, Roy E. Shore
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

A population-based, incidence case-control study was conducted among women in upstate New York to determine whether pesticide exposure is associated with an increase in risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) among women. The study involved 376 cases of NHL identified through the State Cancer Registry and 463 controls selected from the Medicare beneficiary files and state driver's license records. Information about history of farm work, history of other jobs associated with pesticide exposure, use of common household pesticide products, and potential confounding variables was obtained by telephone interview. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using an unconditional logistic regression model. The risk of NHL was doubled (OR = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.21-3.71) among women who worked for at least 10 years at a farm where pesticides were reportedly used. When both farming and other types of jobs associated with pesticide exposure were combined, there was a progressive increase in risk of NHL with increasing duration of such work (p = 0.005). Overall cumulative frequency of use of household pesticide products was positively associated with risk of NHL (p = 0.004), which was most pronounced when they were applied by subjects themselves. When exposure was analyzed by type of products used, a significant association was observed for mothballs. The associations with both occupational and household pesticides were particularly elevated if exposure started in 1950-1969 and for high-grade NHL. Although the results of this case-control study suggest that exposure to pesticide products may be associated with an increased risk of NHL among women, methodologic limitations related to selection and recall bias suggest caution in inferring causation.
GATA-3 Downregulates Toll-like Receptor 4 in Asthma &amp; Rhinitis: the Hygiene Hypothesis Revisited
Authors: D. Préfontaine, W. Al-Ramli, A.K. Mogas, J. Chakir, F. Lavigne, S. Frenkiel, Q. Hamid
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
The oncogenic effect of sulfatase 2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma is mediated in part by glypican 3-dependent Wnt activation
Authors: Jin-Ping Lai, Abdul M. Oseini, Catherine D. Moser, Chunrong Yu, Sherine F. Elsawa, Chunling Hu, Ikuo Nakamura, Tao Han, Ileana Aderca, Hajime Isomoto, Megan M. Garrity-Park, Abdirashid M. Shire, Jia Li, Schuyler O. Sanderson, Alex A. Adjei, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Lewis R. Roberts
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) act as coreceptors or storage sites for growth factors and cytokines such as fibroblast growth factor and Wnts. Glypican 3 (GPC3) is the most highly expressed HSPG in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sulfatase 2 (SULF2), an enzyme with 6-O-desulfatase activity on HSPGs, is up-regulated in 60% of primary HCCs and is associated with a worse prognosis. We have previously shown that the oncogenic effect of SULF2 in HCC may be mediated in part through up-regulation of GPC3. Here we demonstrate that GPC3 stimulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and mediates the oncogenic function of SULF2 in HCC. Wnt signaling in vitro and in vivo was assessed in SULF2-negative Hep3B HCC cells transfected with SULF2 and in SULF2-expressing Huh7 cells transfected with short hairpin RNA targeting SULF2. The interaction between GPC3, SULF2, and Wnt3a was assessed by coimmunoprecipitation and flow cytometry. β-catenin–dependent transcriptional activity was assessed with the TOPFLASH (T cell factor reporter plasmid) luciferase assay. In HCC cells, SULF2 increased cell surface GPC3 and Wnt3a expression, stabilized β-catenin, and activated T cell factor transcription factor activity and expression of the Wnt/β-catenin target gene cyclin D1. Opposite effects were observed in SULF2-knockdown models. In vivo , nude mouse xenografts established from SULF2-transfected Hep3B cells showed enhanced GPC3, Wnt3a, and β-catenin levels. Conclusion: Together, these findings identify a novel mechanism mediating the oncogenic function of SULF2 in HCC that includes GPC3-mediated activation of Wnt signaling via the Wnt3a/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta axis. (Hepatology 2010;)
LOCAL ADIPONECTIN SYNTHESIS IN ADIPOSE TISSUE REGULATES VASCULAR SUPEROXIDE GENERATION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS: INSIGHTS BY USING FUNCTIONAL GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF ADIPONECTIN GENE
Authors: Charalambos A. Antoniades, Alexios S. Antonopoulos, Dimitris Tousoulis, Costantinos Bakogiannis, Antigoni Miliou, Nikolaos Sfyras, Michael Demosthenous, Costas Psarros, Kyriakoula Marinou, Keith M. Channon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Relation of baseline characteristics to suppression of ventricular arrhythmias during placebo and active antiarrhythmic therapy in patients after myocardial infarction.
Authors: J L Anderson, A P Hallstrom, L S Griffith, R B Ledingham, J A Reiffel, S Yusuf, A H Barker, R E Fowles, J B Young
Journal: Circulation (1989)

In the Cardiac Arrhythmia Pilot Study (CAPS), patients early (6-60 days) after acute myocardial infarction (MI) with ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) of over 10 per hour were randomized to receive, unaware, therapy with one of four antiarrhythmic drugs (n = 402) or placebo (n = 100). Treatment success was defined as 70% or more decrease in VPC rate and 90% or more decrease in VPC runs. If the first active drug was ineffective, a second drug was given. If placebo was ineffective, a second placebo was given. To determine whether or not baseline clinical characteristics predict the response to antiarrhythmic therapy, 10 baseline variables were selected for investigation: age, prior MI, time from CAPS MI to randomization, ejection fraction, baseline VPC frequency, presence of runs (greater than or equal to 3 consecutive VPCs, greater than or equal to 100 beats/min), beta-blocker therapy, digitalis therapy, MI transmurality, and MI location. At the end of the first drug treatment, apparent treatment success in patients receiving placebo was associated on univariate analysis with absence of prior MI, with trends for younger age and Q wave MI, whereas in patients receiving active therapies, higher ejection fraction and younger age were associated with better suppression. In the encainide and flecainide treatments, where the greatest response was observed, absence of prior MI, higher ejection fraction, and younger age were associated with more successful treatment. In a multivariate analysis with these variables, ejection fraction and age remained significant for all active therapies, absence of prior MI and ejection fraction remained significant in the encainide and flecainide treatments, and absence of prior MI in the placebo treatment. Few variables except ejection fraction were associated with VPC suppression during the 1-year follow-up, and only lower ejection fraction and older age related to loss of long-term suppression. Thus, there are only a few independent baseline clinical variables (notably, ejection fraction) that substantially affect antiarrhythmic drug efficacy in suppressing VPCs in patients early after MI. Some variables, however, may be associated with spontaneous arrhythmia variability, leading to an apparent (placebo) response. These findings will be helpful in designing and interpreting treatment studies in patients after MI.
G. B. Shaw and Doctors
Authors: Ira Leo Schamberg
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Sigmund L. Wilens' "Mr. Shaw on Doctors" reminded me of the correspondence which Shaw carried on with my father, Jay F. Schamberg, MD, on the topic of vaccination. I have in my possession a letter signed by G. Bernard Shaw, addressed to my father, which might be of interest to readers ofThe Journal. 22nd November 1928 Dear Sir, I think I can beat your 25 years study. I have read up the subject for 45 years; and I began by reading Jenner, whose works are evidently unknown to you at first hand. Being a vaccinated person I suffered from smallpox in one of the two appalling epidemics which followed the ruthless enforcement of compulsory vaccination in England. Later on, I was a member of a Public Health Committee during the last epidemic which caused any alarm in London, and was an unwilling party to the
Antiidiotype stimulation of antigen-specific antigen-independent antibody responses in vitro. I. Evidence for stimulation of helper T lymphocyte function.
Authors: H Z Weissberger, R R Shenk, H B Dickler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Antibodies specific for the idiotypes of B10 anti-(T,G)-A-L antibodies (anti-Id) induced in vivo (T,G)-A-L-primed lymphocytes to secrete anti-(T,G)-A-L antibodies in vitro in the absence of antigen. Responses to anti-Id were quantitatively and qualitatively similar to responses to antigen. Responses were specific in that: (a) only lymphocytes primed in vivo with (T,G)-A-L (but not other antigens or unprimed cells) were inducible; (b) only anti-Id (but not a variety of control antibodies) induced responses; and (c) only anti-(T,G)-A-L antibodies were secreted. Antigen-primed T lymphocytes mixed with unprimed B plus accessory cells also responded to anti-Id and the phenotype of the responding T cells was Lyt-1+, Lyt-2-. Supernatants obtained from antigen-primed T cells incubated for 3 d with anti-Id (but not when incubated with controls) provided help to unprimed B plus accessory cells in the presence of anti-Id, thus providing direct evidence for induction of T lymphocyte helper function by anti-Id. In contrast to responses to (T,G)-A-L, responses to anti-Id did not appear to be regulated by H-2-linked Ir genes. The system described is a powerful tool for delineation of the mechanisms whereby antiidiotype antibodies affect lymphocyte function.
Model Predicting Survival in Stage I Melanoma Based on Tumor Progression
Authors: W. H. Clark, D. E. Elder, D. Guerry, L. E. Braitman, B. J. Trock, D. Schultz, M. Synnestvedt, A. C. Halpern
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

We used the lesional steps in tumor progression and multi-variable logistic regression to develop a prognostic model for primary, clinical stage I cutaneous melanoma. This model is 89% accurate in predicting survival. Using histologic criteria, we assigned melanomas to tumor progression steps by ascertaining their particular growth phase. These phases were the in situ and invasive radial growth phase and the vertical growth phase (the focal formation of a dermal tumor nodule or dermal tumor plaque within the radial growth phase or such dermal growth without an evident radial growth phase). After a minimum follow-up of 100.6 months and a median follow-up of 150.2 months, 122 invasive radial-growth-phase tumors were found to be without metastases. Eight-year survival among the 264 patients whose tumors had entered the vertical growth phase was 71.2%. Survival prediction in these patients was enhanced by the use of a multivariable logistic regression model. Twenty-three attributes were tested for entry into this model. Six had independently predictive prognostic information: (a) mitotic rate per square millimeter, (b) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, (c) tumor thickness, (d) anatomic site of primary melanoma, (e) sex of the patient, and (f) histologic regression. When mitotic rate per square millimeter, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, primary site, sex, and histologic regression are added to a logistic regression model containing tumor thickness alone, they are independent predictors of 8-year survival (P <.0005). [J Natl Cancer Inst 81: 1893–1904, 1989]
Kenneth Moir Chalmers
Authors: D. Carr
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant physician North Tees General Hospital (b Ajmer, India, 1921; q Edinburgh 1943; FRCP Ed, FRCP), d 2 January 2002.

Appointed consultant chest physician at Stockton, Sedgefield, and Hartlepool at the age of 29, he became an early advocate of chemotherapy for tuberculosis. He retired from North Tees General Hospital in 1984. He often found himself in opposition to local councillors on various health committees, and he always wore something bright red, a signal of his style and humour, and perhaps also of a seam of socialism in his dedication to the population he served. He leaves a wife, Mary; and three children.
Do Dna: Alcoholism in the Soviet Union
Authors: David Joel Fishbein
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Headache and Facial Pain
Authors: William Young
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes4 January 2000Headache and Facial PainWilliam Young, MDWilliam Young, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Young)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-1-200001040-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Mongini F. 284 pages. New York: Thieme; 1999. $99.00. ISBN 0865778523. Order phone 800-782-3488.Field of medicine: Neurology, internal medicine, and pain management.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Neurologists, headache and pain specialists, and primary care physicians.Purpose: To assist practitioners in the treatment of patients with complex headache and facial pain disorders.Content: The first part compares classification schemes and discusses pathophysiology not by disorder (such as migraine or trigeminal neuralgia) but by mechanism (for example, muscle dysfunction, posture, or cortical disturbances) across disorders. The second part discusses general clinical aspects of evaluation and treatment, including patient history, physical examination, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Young) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 January 2000Volume 132, Issue 1Page: 96KeywordsHeadachesMusclesMuscular dystrophiesMyalgiaNeurologyPain managementPatientsPostural controlPrimary care physiciansSoftware tools ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 4 January 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Lupus autoantibodies interact directly with distinct glomerular and vascular cell surface antigens
Authors: Denise M. D'Andrea, Brigitte Coupaye-Gerard, Thomas R. Kleyman, Mary H. Foster, Michael P. Madaio
Journal: Kidney International (1996)

Lupus autoantibodies interact directly with distinct glomerular and vascular cell surface antigens.We have identified monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies derived from lupus prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice that produce glomerular immune deposits and nephritis after passive transfer to normal mice.Particularly noteworthy is that the location of immune deposition varied among nephritogenic Ig, and this was associated with distinctive histologies and clinical disease profiles.Although their autoantigen binding properties differed, they were highly cross-reactive, in a manner similar to Ig deposited in glomeruli of lupus mice.This antigen binding profile was also typical of other previously described nephritogenic autoantibodies that bound directly to glomerular antigens to initiate immune deposit formation.In this study, we questioned whether ligation of different glomerular antigens by individual autoantibodies could contribute to the observed differences in the location of immune deposits.To examine this possibility, monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies (IgG2a) that produced gbmerular immune deposits in different locations were evaluated.H221 produced mesangial, intracapillary (that is, intraluminal or within the capillary lumen) and subendothelial deposits associated with heavy proteinuria, whereas H147 produced mesangial, subendothelial and linear basement membrane deposits associated with proliferative glomerulonephritis.Initially, the capacity of H221 and H147 to bind directly to gbomerular and vascular cell surfaces was evaluated.As demonstrated by FACS, H221 bound preferentially to mesangial cells whereas H147 bound preferentially to endothelial cells.To identify possible target cell surface antigens, Western blots, immunoprecipitation of surface labeled cells, and 2D gel electrophoresis were employed.H221 reacted with a 108 kDa protein on mesangial cells not identified by H147, whereas H147 reacted with a 45 kDa protein on endothelial cells not identified by H221.These results support the hypothesis that some nephritogenic lupus autoantibodies initiate immune deposit formation through direct interaction with glomerular antigens.Furthermore, they suggest that the site of immune deposition is determined by both antigen binding properties of the relevant antibody and the location of its target ligand within the gbomerulus.In a given individual, therefore, the predominant autoantibodyglomerular antigen interaction may influence the morphologic and clinical phenotype expressed.Variation in the predominant interaction may also contribute to variations in disease expression among individuals with lupus nephritis.Understanding the cellular and molecular events leading to glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus has been impeded by both confusion over the properties associated with
Severe Arteriospasm After Use of Ergotamine Tartrate Suppositories
Authors: Jess R. Young
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Every patient on ergot therapy for headaches should be carefully watched for toxic manifestations, and the pulses of the hands and feet should be periodically checked. At the first indication of toxicity, the administration of the drug should be stopped, and measures to produce vasodilatation should be initiated. Vasodilating drugs may be tried. If the spasm is severe and the circulation of the limb critical, sympathetic blocks and, if this is not sufficient, sympathectomy with periarterial stripping should be performed. In the case here presented a 42-year-old woman had severe arteriospasm following the use of ergotamine tartrate suppositories for constant headaches of long standing. The patient completely recovered after bilateral sympathectomy, periarterial stripping, the administration of vasodilator drugs, and withdrawal of the ergot alkaloid.
Scintigraphy of Persistent Vertebral Transverse Process Epiphysis
Authors: GERALD A. MANDELL, H THEODORE HARCKE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Two cases of increased scintigraphic activity in a persistent transverse process epiphysis are presented to illustrate the need to recognize this as a normal developmental variant. Differentiation from fracture or neoplasm usually can be made by correlative radiographic imaging.
Ion Transport in the Gut
Authors: ALFRED GILMAN, ETHOL S. KOELLE
Journal: Circulation (1960)

The in vitro preparation of the small intestine of the rat is well suited for studies of ion transport. Data from this preparation indicate that the passage of water and electrolytes across the intestinal epithelium depends on active transport. Glycolysis seems to be involved as a source of energy for the transport of ions from the mucosal to the serosal aspect of the intestinal wall.