tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Potential of BORIS Detected in the Leukocytes of Breast Cancer Patients as an Early Marker of Tumorigenesis
Authors: Vivien D'Arcy, Ziedulla K. Abdullaev, Naresh Pore, France Docquier, Verónica Torrano, Igor Chernukhin, Melissa Smart, Dawn Farrar, Metodi Metodiev, Nelson Fernandez, Carlos Richard, M. Dolores Delgado, Victor Lobanenkov, Elena Klenova
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS) is a novel member of the cancer-testis antigen gene family. These genes are normally expressed only in spermatocytes but abnormally activated in different malignancies, including breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of BORIS in the leukocytes of breast cancer patients and the correlation between BORIS levels and clinical/pathologic variables. Experimental Design: Leukocytes were obtained from whole blood of 87 breast cancer patients and 52 donors not diagnosed with cancer. BORIS protein was detected in leukocytes by immunohistochemical staining; the immunoreactivity score (IRS) of each sample was determined. Additionally, BORIS expression was assessed by Western blot analysis and real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Results: We describe significantly high levels of BORIS (IRS = 4.25 ± 0.034) in a subpopulation of leukocytes, the neutrophil polymorphonuclear granulocytes, in 88.5% of breast cancer patients. Increased IRS for BORIS in these patients correlated with increased tumor size. In comparison, 19.2% samples from the control group were BORIS positive with only very low levels of BORIS (IRS = 0.25 ± 0.009). Conclusion: We report here the novel finding of BORIS expression in polymorphonuclear granulocytes of breast cancer patients. This tumor-related occurrence is a phenomenon not observed in donors with injuries and immune and inflammatory diseases. Detection of BORIS in a high proportion of patients with various types of breast tumors indicates that BORIS can be a valuable early blood marker of breast cancer. We conclude that BORIS represents a new class of cancer biomarkers different from those currently used in medical practice.
Comparison of imiquimod, topical fluorouracil, and electrocautery for the treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-positive men who have sex with men: an open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Olivier Richel, Henry JC de Vries, Carel JM van Noesel, Marcel GW Dijkgraaf, Jan M Prins
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
PERCHLORIDE OF MERCURY POISONING BY ABSORPTION FROM THE VAGINA
Authors: A. F. W. Millar
Journal: BMJ (1916)

its power of agglutinating all three micro-organisms at a dilution exceeding 1 in 100.TABLE IV.-Test writh Anti-paraty.phoidB Serutm from Lister Inistiturte (C 51; stated titre 1 in 8,000).Dilution.Aertrycke."H." Paratyphoid B. 1 in 00 .+ -0 + I in 5,N 0.... .. 0 + + + l inl,000 ...... 0 0 + + + 1 in 5,OCO 0 0 + +V. As will be seen, even in very low dilutions (1 in 100), this serum (Table IV) yielded only slight, doubtful traces of clumping with Aertrycke and "11H," whilst as against its own strain it went to 5,000 and beyond.It is therefore highily specific.'( H" is thus shlown to be identical with Aertrycke and absorption tests are not needed.TABLE V.-Test trith Anti-paratyphoid B Serutm fronm Lister hIstitutte (V 89; stated titre I in 8,000).Dilution.Aertrycke."H." Paratyphoid B. 1 il 250 ... + 0 +++ I i11 500 . . . . .... + O + + -4 1inS 1CO .+ 0 ++ 1 in 5.000 0 0 + 4 + 1 in 10,C9O .0 0 + + 1 in 50,000... ... 0 0 0VI.Here again there is no need for absorption.This serum is highly differential, and gives the required information by means of agglutination alone.VII.I also tried an anti-paratyphoid B serum prepared here by immunizing a rabbit against strain "'R."TABLE VI.-Anti-paratyphoid B Serumn, Strain'1R."Unabsorbed.
Electroporation-Mediated Gene Transfer that Targets Glomeruli
Authors: MICHIKO TSUJIE, YOSHITAKA ISAKA, HIROYUKI NAKAMURA, ENYU IMAI, MASATSUGU HORI
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Abstract. Electroporation has been applied to introducing DNA into several organs; however, gene expression was localized around the injected area. Examined was the efficiency of intrarenal injection of DNA followed by in vivo electroporation, using FITC-labeled oligodeoxynucleotides (FITC-ODN) and plasmid DNA expressing β-galactosidase or luciferase. FITC-ODN or expression vectors were injected into the left renal artery; thereafter, the left kidney was electroporated between a pair of tweezer-type electrodes. FITC-ODN were transferred into all glomeruli, and transfected cells were identified as mesangial cells. Four d after transfection of the pCAGGS-LacZ gene, β-galactosidase expression was observed in 75% of glomeruli. To compare the transfection efficacy by electroporation with that by the hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) liposome method, a luciferase reporter gene, pActLuc , was transferred into glomeruli by either electroporation or the HVJ liposome method. On day 4, electroporation resulted in higher glomerular luciferase activity than did the HVJ liposome method. We also observed that co-transfection of pcEBNA , an expression vector for Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, and poriP-cLuc , oriP-harboring vector, resulted in an eightfold higher luciferase gene expression than simple poriP-cLuc . No histologic damages were seen in glomeruli or tubular epithelial cells. In conclusion, gene transfer into renal artery followed by electroporation was an effective and simple strategy for gene transfer that targets glomerular mesangial cells.
Stent Thrombogenicity Early in High-Risk Interventional Settings Is Driven by Stent Design and Deployment and Protected by Polymer-Drug Coatings
Authors: Kumaran Kolandaivelu, Rajesh Swaminathan, William J. Gibson, Vijaya B. Kolachalama, Kim-Lien Nguyen-Ehrenreich, Virginia L. Giddings, Leslie Coleman, Gee K. Wong, Elazer R. Edelman
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Stent thrombosis is a lethal complication of endovascular intervention. Concern has been raised about the inherent risk associated with specific stent designs and drug-eluting coatings, yet clinical and animal support is equivocal. Methods and Results— We examined whether drug-eluting coatings are inherently thrombogenic and if the response to these materials was determined to a greater degree by stent design and deployment with custom-built stents. Drug/polymer coatings uniformly reduce rather than increase thrombogenicity relative to matched bare metal counterparts (0.65-fold; P =0.011). Thick-strutted (162 μm) stents were 1.5-fold more thrombogenic than otherwise identical thin-strutted (81 μm) devices in ex vivo flow loops ( P &lt;0.001), commensurate with 1.6-fold greater thrombus coverage 3 days after implantation in porcine coronary arteries ( P =0.004). When bare metal stents were deployed in malapposed or overlapping configurations, thrombogenicity increased compared with apposed, length-matched controls (1.58-fold, P =0.001; and 2.32-fold, P &lt;0.001). The thrombogenicity of polymer-coated stents with thin struts was lowest in all configurations and remained insensitive to incomplete deployment. Computational modeling–based predictions of stent-induced flow derangements correlated with spatial distribution of formed clots. Conclusions— Contrary to popular perception, drug/polymer coatings do not inherently increase acute stent clotting; they reduce thrombosis. However, strut dimensions and positioning relative to the vessel wall are critical factors in modulating stent thrombogenicity. Optimal stent geometries and surfaces, as demonstrated with thin stent struts, help reduce the potential for thrombosis despite complex stent configurations and variability in deployment.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) versus endoscopic therapy for the prevention of recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding
Authors: Mark W. Russo, Steven L. Zacks, Robert S. Sandler, Robert S. Brown
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

For the prevention of recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding, studies show that patients treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) have lower rebleeding rates compared with endoscopic therapy. However, TIPS is associated with higher rates of portosystemic encephalopathy and possibly higher costs. The aim of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing TIPS with endoscopic sclerotherapy and endoscopic ligation for the prevention of recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding. Data for rates of rebleeding, death, complications, and crossover from endoscopy to TIPS were obtained from the literature. Costs for procedures and hospitalizations were obtained from two medical centers. Sensitivity analyses were performed varying probabilities of key variables. The patient population consisted of a hypothetical cohort of cirrhotic patients successfully treated for esophageal variceal bleeding with endoscopic sclerotherapy who received prophylactic sclerotherapy, ligation, or TIPS over 1 year. Endoscopic patients would receive propranolol. Mortality was similar for the three groups. The number of bleeds per patient for sclerotherapy, ligation, and TIPS would be 0.39, 0.32, and 0.07, respectively. The total annual costs per patient for sclerotherapy, ligation, and TIPS were $23,459, $23,111, and $26,275, respectively. The incremental cost per bleed prevented for TIPS compared with sclerotherapy and ligation was $8,803 and $12, 660, respectively. The incremental cost per bleed prevented for TIPS compared with sclerotherapy or ligation was sensitive to the cost of TIPS and the TIPS stenosis rate. Ligation had lower costs and lower recurrent bleeding rates than sclerotherapy. Compared with endoscopic therapy, TIPS leads to lower recurrent variceal bleeding rates and it is more cost effective in the short term for the prevention of recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding.
Influence of Pre-Existing Donor Atherosclerosis on the Development of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy and Outcomes in Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Haiyan Li, Koji Tanaka, Hitoshi Anzai, Brandy Oeser, Dominic Lai, Jon A. Kobashigawa, Jonathan M. Tobis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Released GFRα1 Potentiates Downstream Signaling, Neuronal Survival, and Differentiation via a Novel Mechanism of Recruitment of c-Ret to Lipid Rafts
Authors: Gustavo Paratcha, Fernanda Ledda, Louise Baars, Muriel Coulpier, Valerie Besset, Jonas Anders, Rizaldy Scott, Carlos F. Ibáñez
Journal: Neuron (2001)
Effectiveness of home based support for older people: systematic review and meta-analysis Commentary: When, where, and why do preventive home visits
Authors: R. Elkan, D. Kendrick, M. Dewey, M. Hewitt, J. Robinson, M. Blair, D. Williams, K. Brummell, M. Egger
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of home visiting programmes that offer health promotion and preventive care to older people. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies of home visiting. <b>Participants:</b> Older people living at home, including frail older people at risk of adverse outcomes. <b>Outcome measures:</b> Mortality, admission to hospital, admission to institutional care, functional status, health status. <b>Results:</b> Home visiting was associated with a significant reduction in mortality. The pooled odds ratio for eight studies that assessed mortality in members of the general elderly population was 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.89). Five studies of home visiting to frail older people who were at risk of adverse outcomes also showed a significant reduction in mortality (0.72; 0.54 to 0.97). Home visiting was associated with a significant reduction in admissions to long term care in members of the general elderly population (0.65; 0.46 to 0.91). For three studies of home visiting to frail, “at risk” older people, the pooled odds ratio was 0.55 (0.35 to 0.88). Meta-analysis of six studies of home visiting to members of the general elderly population showed no significant reduction in admissions to hospital (odds ratio 0.95; 0.80 to 1.09). Three studies showed no significant effect on health (standardised effect size 0.06; −0.07 to 0.18). Four studies showed no effect on activities of daily living (0.05; −0.07 to 0.17). <b>Conclusion:</b> Home visits to older people can reduce mortality and admission to long term institutional care. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> The benefits of regular, preventive home visits to older people are the subject of controversy A recent systematic review found no clear evidence that preventive home visits were effective <h3>What this study adds</h3> This meta-analysis of 15 trials shows that home visiting can reduce mortality and admission to institutional care among older people
Anti-cardiolipin antibody and renal disease
Authors: V D'Agati, C Kunis, G Williams, G B Appel
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1990)

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies have been linked to recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis in multiple organs. We present a biopsy-documented report of thrombotic renal disease apparently attributable to circulating anti-cardiolipin antibodies. One patient had primary anti-cardiolipin syndrome, one had mild SLE, and the third had a mild lupus-like syndrome. All three patients had a clinical course dominated by repeated multi-organ system thrombosis. Renal biopsy disclosed thrombosis at the level of the glomerular capillaries, arterioles, and interlobular arteries--similar to that described in other thrombotic microangiopathies. Renal thrombosis was not associated with active endocapillary proliferative lupus nephritis, suggesting a mechanism independent of subendothelial immune deposit injury. Renal presentation was variable, ranging from asymptomatic mild proteinuria to nephrotic-range proteinuria, renal insufficiency, and hypertension.
Submissions, editorial process and impact factor 1992–2000 Focus on Europe
Authors: T Opthof
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

In the August 1999 issue of Cardiovascular Research at the occasion of the congress of the European Society of Cardiology in Barcelona [1] we commented on the increase in submissions and publications from Europe from 1992 to 1998 [2–4]. Now, one year later at the occasion of the 2000 version of the same congress in Amsterdam, we present statistical data on the number of submissions, the editorial process and the impact factor in past and future.

Fig. 1 shows that the submissions in 1999 came primarily from Europe (56%) and from North-America (22%) with 11% from both Japan and the rest of the world. The estimates for 2000 (by 1 June 2000) are somewhat higher for Japan and lower for North-America. Fig. 2 shows the absolute number of submissions for Europe and North-America. For the first time we received over 600 manuscripts from Europe (611), which is now about the same as the total number of submissions during the years 1992–1995. Fig. 2 also shows that the percentual decrease in submissions from North-America (Fig. 1) results from the increase in submissions from other parts of the world, because the absolute number of submissions from North-America is stable at about … 

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. Tel.: +31-30-253-8923; fax: +31-30-253-9036 t.opthof{at}med.uu.nl
Two distinct pools of recirculating T lymphocytes: migratory characteristics of nodal and intestinal T lymphocytes.
Authors: R N Cahill, D C Poskitt, D C Frost, Z Trnka
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

A pronounced asymmetry in the recirculation from blood to lymph of resting small recirculating T lymphocytes is described. When 51Cr-labeled small T-recirculating lymphocytes (TRL) from intestinal lymph were infused intravenously their relative recovery in intestinal lymph was about twice that in nodal lymph. In contrast, the relative recovery in nodal lymph of 51Cr-labeled nodal TRL was twice that in intestinal lymph. Intestinal TRL migrated in large numbers through the small intestine. Nodal TRL did not. It is proposed that the pool of recirculating small T lymphocytes consists of two major subdivisions, an intestinal pool and a nodal pool. The nodal circulation comprises small TRL which traverse PCV in all lymph nodes (LN) but not the small intestine. The intestinal circulation comprises small TRL which do not traverse PCV in LN, but which do recirculate through the small intestine from which they pass via afferent lymphatics to the mesenteric LN and subsequently via the thoracic duct into the blood. It is suggested that the intestinal circulation is present in the fetus and that its initial development is independent of extrinsic antigen.
Combined Genome-Wide Scan for Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Genes
Authors: E. M. Gillanders, J. Xu, B.-l. Chang, E. M. Lange, F. Wiklund, J. E. Bailey-Wilson, A. Baffoe-Bonnie, M. Jones, D. Gildea, E. Riedesel, J. Albertus, S. D. Isaacs, K. E. Wiley, C. E. Mohai, M. P. Matikainen, T. L. J. Tammela, S. L. Zheng, W. M. Brown, A. Rokman, J. D. C. D. A. Meyers, P. C. Walsh, J. Schleutker, H. Gronberg, K. A. Cooney, W. B. Isaacs, J. M. Trent
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2004)

Background: Prostate cancer represents a substantial public health burden worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States. A family history of the disease is among the most well-established risk factors for prostate cancer. Efforts to localize prostate cancer susceptibility alleles by using genetic linkage analysis methods have been hindered by genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, disease phenocopies, and the lack of DNA samples from parents of individuals with late-onset prostate cancer. Methods: We performed a combined genome-wide linkage analysis among 426 families from four existing hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) study populations to systematically search for prostate cancer susceptibility genes. To decrease the degree of locus heterogeneity, we analyzed subsets of families with similar clinical and demographic characteristics. Nonparametric multipoint linkage was the primary method of analysis. Results are presented as allele-sharing logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores, and all reported P values are two-sided. Results: The strongest evidence for prostate cancer linkage was found at chromosome region 17q22 (nonparametric multipoint Kong and Cox allele-sharing LOD score = 3.16 at marker D17S787; P = .00007). Stratified analyses revealed several additional chromosomal regions that are likely to segregate prostate cancer susceptibility genes among specific subsets of HPC families, including 15q11 among families with late-onset disease (allele-sharing LOD = 5.57 at marker D15S128; P <.00001) and 4q35 among families with four or more affected family members (allele-sharing LOD = 3.10 at marker D4S1615; P = .00008). Conclusion: Fine mapping studies to facilitate identification of prostate cancer susceptibility genes in these linked regions are warranted.
Rapid Regression of Classic Clinical Signs of Cyanosis Accompanied by Disappearing Major Aortopulmonary Collaterals After Surgical Palliation Only in a 6-Year-Old Girl With Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Harald Bertram, Thomas Jack, Dietmar Schranz, Thomas Breymann, Armin Wessel, T. Mesud Yelbuz
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Suicide rate in young men in Scotland is twice that in England and Wales
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Action is to be taken in Scotland in an attempt to halt an alarming rise in suicides among men, which have increased by more than 70% in the past 30 years.

The biggest increase has taken place among men under the age of 34, and suicide is now responsible for more deaths of young men in Scotland than road traffic accidents. More than half of the 600 suicides in Scotland each year now occur in men under 44, and rates are twice …
Tidal expired airflow patterns in adults with airway obstruction
Authors: EM Williams, RG Madgwick, MJ Morris
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Earlier studies have shown that time and flow indices derived from tidal expiratory flow patterns can be used to distinguish the severity of airway obstruction. This study was designed to address two aspects of tidal expiratory flow patterns: 1) how do expiratory flow patterns differ between subjects with normal and obstructed airways; and 2) can a sensitive index of airway obstruction be derived from these pattern differences? Tidal expiratory flow patterns from 66 adult subjects with varying degrees of airway obstructive disease with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 20-121% predicted were examined. In each subject, the expired flow pattern from each consecutive breath was scaled and then averaged together to create a single expired pattern. A detailed examination of the scaled flow patterns in 12 subjects (six with normal airways and six with airway obstruction) showed that the shape of the post-peak expiratory flow portion was different in the subjects with airway obstruction. A slope index, S, was derived from the scaled patterns and found to be sensitive to the severity of airway obstruction, correlating with FEV1 (% pred) with r2=0.74 (p&lt;0.05, n=57). The S index also correlated (r2=0.36, p&lt;0.05, n=47) with the functional residual capacity (FRC) (% pred) which was &gt;100% in subjects with severe airway obstruction and lung overinflation. In subjects with normal airways, three further airflow patterns could be distinguished, which were different from the patterns seen in subjects with the severest airway obstruction. Scaled flow patterns from tidal expiration collected from uncoached subjects, can be used to derive an index of airway obstruction.
Transcatheter Valve Repair and Replacement
Authors: Susheel Kodali, Allan Schwartz
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2008)

There is significant interest in developing transcatheter therapy for valvular heart disease (VHD). Numerous devices have been developed for the percutaneous treatment of pulmonary and aortic stenosis as well as mitral regurgitation. Several of these devices have progressed to randomized clinical trials. These ongoing trials for aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation will provide important insights into the durability of these therapies as well as the results following standard surgical repair. The field of transcatheter valve therapy is rapidly evolving, and this review aims to summarize the current status of the field.