tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory bowel disease is more common in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: J. S. Leeds, A. D. Hopper, M. Hadjivassiliou, S. Tesfaye, D. S. Sanders
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increase in gastrointestinal symptoms and other gastrointestinal diseases such as coeliac disease. There is conflicting data regarding the association of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with type 1 diabetes. The authors aimed to determine the prevalence of IBD in type 1 diabetes and assess the effect of quality of life and glycaemic control. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with type 1 diabetes were recruited from the diabetes centre and a gastrointestinal symptom questionnaire completed. Quality of life was assessed using the short form 36 version 2 (SF-36) questionnaire and glycaemic control assessed using HbA1c. Controls were selected from the diabetes cohort matched for age and sex in a 2:1 ratio for comparison of quality of life and glycaemic control. Non-diabetic controls were recruited locally and were administered the same questionnaires. Prevalence of IBD and quality of life scores were compared between the groups. <h3>Results</h3> 662 individuals with type 1 diabetes and 602 controls were recruited into the study. The prevalence of IBD was 12/662 (1.5%) in those with type 1 diabetes and 2/602 (0.3%) in controls (OR 5.5, 1.2–24.9, p&lt;0.013). In those with diabetes, HbA1c was 7.7 in those with IBD compared to 7.5 in those without IBD (p=NS). Symptom burden was higher in people with type 1 diabetes and IBD compared to diabetes only (median 2.0 vs 1.0, p=0.009). Quality of life scores were significantly lower in the general health and vitality domains compared to diabetes only (p=0.004 and 0.041 respectively). There was a trend to lower scores in the social functioning and mental health composite scores. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IBD is more common in type 1 diabetes than the general population although the mechanism is uncertain but may be related to autoimmunity. Quality of life is adversely affected by having both IBD and type 1 diabetes but this could not be explained by changes in glycaemic control.
Prolactin-Secreting Tumors in Men: Surgical Cure
Authors: A. PONT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Two men presented with decreasing libido and impotence. Endocrine evaluation showed that they both had low levels of serum testosterone and a prolactin-secreting adenoma. Transsphenoidal removal of their tumors resulted in normalization of serum prolactin and testosterone concentrations and normalization of sexual function. These patients represent the first two nonacromegalic men with prolactin-secreting tumors and hypogonadism in whom surgical resection of their tumors resulted in a complete clinical and biochemical remission. We discuss the effects of elevated prolactin on male sexual function.
Note on a Biblical Headache
Authors: John Wick Bowman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> "Headache" means many things to many people. Who, at some time in life, has not had a headache? Despite innumerable articles and references to headache in the world's literature, only one reference to headache appears in the Bible. This highly dramatic statement in II Kings 4:18-20, written about 845 to 825 BC, is quoted from the New English Bible: When the child was old enough, he went out one day to the reapers where his father was. All of a sudden he cried out, "Oh my head, my head!" His father told a servant to carry him to his mother. He brought him to his mother; the boy sat on her lap till midday, then he died. We suggest that the boy had a congenital intracranial aneurysm that ruptured, causing severe, excreciating pain and, apparently, death. Elisha, the Prophet, was hurriedly summoned to see the boy. He
Mucosectom2-short blade for safe and efficient endoscopic submucosal dissection of colorectal tumors
Authors: Koichi Okamoto, Shinji Kitamura, Naoki Muguruma, Toshi Takaoka, Yasuteru Fujino, Yoshiro Kawahara, Toshiya Okahisa, Tetsuji Takayama
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

<b>Background and study aims</b>: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the colon has rapidly come into widespread use. However, as complications such as bleeding and perforation often occur, and the procedure time is longer for ESD than for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), development of safer and more reliable devices are required especially for colorectal ESD. We report on a new device, the Mucosectom2-short blade (M2-SB) for colorectal ESD and describe its safety and efficacy. <b>Patients and methods</b>: The study included 30 patients with lesions diagnosed as colorectal tumor: a nongranular-type laterally spreading tumor (LST) larger than 20 mm or a granular-type LST larger than 30 mm, or lesions that were evaluated as being difficult to remove even by piecemeal EMR. <b>Results</b>: All lesions were resected en bloc using this new device, with free lateral and vertical margins. The procedure time was 61 minutes and there was no bleeding or perforation related to the procedure. <b>Conclusion</b>: The M2-SB seems to be a safe and efficient tool for colorectal ESD.
Botulinum toxin type A in treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis: randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled
Authors: M Naumann, N J Lowe
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis. <b>Design:</b> Multicentre, randomised, parallel group, placebo controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> 17 dermatology and neurology clinics in Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. <b>Participants:</b> Patients aged 18-75 years with bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis sufficient to interfere with daily living. 465 were screened, 320 randomised, and 307 completed the study. <b>Interventions:</b> Patients received either botulinum toxin type A (Botox) 50 U per axilla or placebo by 10-15 intradermal injections evenly distributed within the hyperhidrotic area of each axilla, defined by Minor9s iodine starch test. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Percentage of responders (patients with ≥50% reduction from baseline of spontaneous axillary sweat production) at four weeks, patients9 global assessment of treatment satisfaction score, and adverse events. <b>Results:</b> At four weeks, 94% (227) of the botulinum toxin type A group had responded compared with 36% (28) of the placebo group. By week 16, response rates were 82% (198) and 21% (16), respectively. The results for all other measures of efficacy were significantly better in the botulinum toxin group than the placebo group. Significantly higher patient satisfaction was reported in the botulinum toxin type A group than the placebo group (3.3 <i>v</i> 0.8, P&lt;0.001 at 4 weeks). Adverse events were reported by only 27 patients (11%) in the botulinum toxin group and four (5%) in the placebo group (P&gt;0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment for primary axillary hyperhidrosis and produces high levels of patient satisfaction. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Primary hyperhidrosis is a chronic disorder that can affect any part of the body, especially the axillas, palms, feet, and face Current treatments are often ineffective, short acting, or poorly tolerated <h3>What this study adds</h3> Botulinum toxin type A was significantly better than placebo on all measures of sweating Patient satisfaction was high and few adverse events were reported Effects of treatment remained apparent at 16 weeks
Functional Distribution of Right and Left Stellate Innervation to the Ventricles
Authors: Frank Yanowitz, James B. Preston, J. A. Abildskov
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Changes of the electrocardiogram and of ventricular refractory period were measured following either unilateral stellate ganglion stimulation or ablation in the open chest dog preparation. Right stellate ganglionectomy or left stellate stimulation produces prolonged Q-T intervals and increased T-wave amplitude. Left stellate ganglionectomy or right stellate stimulation produces increased T-wave negativity without measurable change in the Q-T interval. The differing patterns of electrocardiographic wave form resulting from changes in sympathetic tone mediated by right and left stellate innervation could be correlated with changes in ventricular refractory period. Following right stellate ganglionectomy, refractory period prolongations were most marked over the anterior ventricular surface; left stellate ganglionectomy produced the greatest prolongation on the posterior surface. Although the right and left stellate innervations of the ventricles overlap, the left stellate influence is predominant over the posterior wall of the ventricles, while right stellate influence dominates the anterior ventricular walls. The electrocardiographic form changes observed following unilateral alteration of sympathetic tone paralleled those electrocardiographic abnormalities seen in patients with lesions of the central nervous system, suggesting a possible functional explanation for these clinical findings.
IL‐5 mRNA expression in blood lymphocytes from patients with Kimura's disease and parasite infection
Authors: Hideo Enokihara, Toshiyuki Koike, Hironari Arimura, Masakuni Aoyagi, Kanji Watanabe, Yuichi Nakamura, Kyoko Yamashiro, Nobuo Tsuruoka, Masafumi Tsujimoto, Kenji Saito, Shimpei Furusawa, Hideo Shishido
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract Blood lymphocytes from patients with eosinophilia are known to produce interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) with appropriate stimulation in vitro. To determine whether blood lymphocytes from these patients produce IL‐5 in vivo, we tested the IL‐5 mRNA expression in blood lymphocytes immediately after separation by reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. We found that lymphocytes from eosinophilic patients expressed IL‐5 mRNA, but lymphocytes from normal volunteers did not express the lymphokine. These findings suggest that in patients with eosinophilia, peripheral blood lymphocytes produce IL‐5 in vivo. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PROXIMAL EMBOLIC PROTECTION DECREASES CEREBRAL MICROEMBOLIZATION COMPARED TO DISTAL PROTECTION FOR CAROTID STENTING: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Alexandre Benjo, Daniel Garcia, Rajan Patel, Rhanderson Cardoso, Francisco Macedo, Georges El-Hayek, Emad Aziz, Christopher White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Underlying potential: cellular and molecular determinants of adult liver repair
Authors: Anna Mae Diehl, John Chute
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The liver has a unique and extraordinary capacity for regeneration, even in adult organisms. This regenerative potential has traditionally been attributed to the replicative capabilities of mature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, though emerging evidence suggests that other resident liver cell types such as progenitors, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells respond to liver injury and contribute to repair. These other cells types are also associated with liver scarring, dysfunction, and carcinogenesis, which suggests that appropriate regulation of these cells is a major determinant of response to liver injury. The Reviews in this series explore possible contributions of liver progenitor cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells to liver homeostasis and repair and highlight how these processes can go awry in chronic liver injury, fibrosis, and liver cancer.
Fan Beam SPECT, Phased Array MRI and EEG in Epilepsy Monitoring DH Lewis,
Authors: J. Schneider, J S Tsuruda, M D Holmes, A J Wilensky, L M Ojemann, G A Ojemann
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Schneider, J.; Tsuruda, J S; Holmes, M D; Wilensky, A J; Ojemann, L M; Ojemann, G A Author Information
Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy An inflammatory link
Authors: J Mason
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Myocarditis is a complex disease because multiple pathogenetic mechanisms play a role. While these mechanisms appear to act in a chronological cascade, they undoubtedly overlap in some cases, rendering diagnosis and treatment difficult. Ultimately, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) may result. A multitude of still-circumstantial evidence points to a major role of viral myocarditis in the etiology of DCM. The common presence of viral genetic material and viral proteins in the myocardium of patients with DCM provides the most compelling evidence, but proof of causality is still lacking. Nevertheless, because of the striking increase in heart failure prevalence in recent years, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory therapies should be developed for their potential to prevent or ameliorate DCM.
Premenstrual Dysphorias: Myths and Realities
Authors: Leslie Hartley Gise
Journal: JAMA (1995)

This new book will be of use to students, clinicians, and researchers who want to understand the mood, behavior, and physical symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle. Although premenstrual syndrome (PMS) requires further research, women need treatment now. There is a clear association between PMS and ovarian sex steroids (estrogen and progesterone), yet a simple hormonal etiology has not been found. The first half of the book addresses empirical issues such as diagnosis, biological factors, and treatment, while the second half deals with sociocultural issues, such as the patriarchal myth of women's subordination to men. We need this book because, although it has been about 15 years since PMS became popularly known and women began demanding attention for it, most physicians understand little about premenstrual problems. In fact, many physicians believe that PMS does not exist and that it is all in a woman's head. The last comprehensive scholarly book
Stalking the Staphylococcus
Authors: George L. Calvy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THIS is a report of a year-long, continuing engagement with the Staphylococcus aureus in a naval hospital. Because this experience is concerned with 30 cases of pneumonia, remarks will be slanted along the medical plane.Certain aspects of epidemiology and therapy allow division of the total experience into two phases: preinfluenzal and postinfluenzal.Preinfluenzal PhaseDuring the first eight months, before the appearance of epidemic influenza, 14 cases of hospital-acquired staphylococcal pneumonia were encountered. Each patient had received antibiotics before the pneumonia developed, and the recovered strain, hemolytic Staph. aureus, coagulase positive, was resistant to the previously given agents. . . .
Malar Bone Pressure Test for Evaluation of Headache
Authors: Michael Scott
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Headache is a common complaint and is often caused by definite cranial or systemic disease. Occasionally the patient is suspected of exaggerating this complaint or has conversion symptoms due to anxiety, and the physician desires an objective method of evaluating the head pain. Some years ago I described a test which I had found useful for such an evaluation. However, it was published in a specialty journal, and I believe escaped the attention of many physicians who are frequently confronted with this diagnostic problem.<sup>1</sup>Time has proven the usefulness of this test and I believe that it merits another publication. I found this simple procedure helpful in differentiating true headache from that of the "functional type." It has been tried in many patients in whom the headaches have been caused by such conditions as brain tumor, cerebral hemorrhage, migraine, trauma, hypertension, atypical vascular neuralgia, and anxiety
Studies of the spread of radioactive gold colloid.
Authors: C B Fearn
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

A 32-year-old woman presented with progressive pain and swelling of the left wrist for 6 months. Physical examination revealed a firm, tender, oval swelling over the left wrist. X-rays showed a pressure effect on the distal radius and ulna. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed a well-defined, asymmetrical, dumbbell-shaped soft-tissue lesion involving the interosseous region of the distal forearm and extending until the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Core needle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of desmoid tumour. Marginal excision of the tumour was done. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient was doing well and had painless and improved left wrist motion. Desmoid tumour involving the DRUJ has not been previously reported. We, through this case, report new observation and discuss the epidemiology, investigation of choice, treatment modalities, and the need for a regular follow-up for appendicular desmoid tumours.
Prediction of residential pet and cockroach allergen levels using questionnaire information.
Authors: Ulrike Gehring, Elizabeth Triche, Robert T van Strien, Kathleen Belanger, Theodore Holford, Diane R Gold, Thomas Jankun, Ping Ren, Jean-ellen McSharry, William S Beckett, Thomas A E Platts-Mills, Martin D Chapman, Michael B Bracken, Brian P Leaderer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

We assessed the accuracy of questionnaire reports of cat and dog ownership and presence of cockroaches in predicting measured allergen concentrations in house dust. We collected dust samples in the homes of 932 newborns living in New England. Dust samples were taken from the main living area and the infant's bedding. Allergen content of house dust was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and related to questionnaire information on past and current cat and dog ownership and presence of cockroaches. Allergen levels were dichotomized using the limit of detection and the following cut points: 1.0 microg/g and 8.0 microg/g for cat, 2.0 microg/g and 10.0 microg/g for dog, and 2 U/g and 8 U/g for cockroach allergen. For the upper cut point, both specificity and sensitivity of questionnaire-reported cat and dog ownership and presence of cockroaches were high. For the limit of detection and lower cut point, specificity was high (> 80%), whereas sensitivity was low, particularly for current cat and dog ownership (21-60%). Taking pet ownership during the preceding 2 years into account increased the sensitivity by 10%, but it remained relatively poor. In conclusion, questionnaire-reported pet ownership and presence of cockroaches predicts allergen levels above the upper cut point but is a relatively poor measure of allergen exposure above the limit of detection and the lower cut point. Knowledge of past pet ownership can improve pet allergen exposure assessment by means of questionnaire. However, for epidemiologic purposes, measured concentrations of allergens are necessary.
Suicide After Deliberate Self-Harm: A 4-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Jayne Cooper, Navneet Kapur, Roger Webb, Martin Lawlor, Else Guthrie, Kevin Mackway-Jones, Louis Appleby
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to estimate suicide rates up to 4 years after a deliberate self-harm episode, to investigate time-period effects on the suicide rate over the follow-up period, and to examine potential sociodemographic and clinical predictors of suicide within this cohort. METHOD: This prospective cohort study included 7,968 deliberate self-harm attendees at the emergency departments of four hospital trusts in the neighboring cities of Manchester and Salford, in northwest England, between September 1, 1997, and August 31, 2001. Suicide rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the cohort were calculated. Potential risk factors were investigated by using Cox's proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Sixty suicides occurred in the cohort during the follow-up period. An approximately 30-fold increase in risk of suicide, compared with the general population, was observed for the whole cohort. The SMR was substantially higher for female patients than for male patients. Suicide rates were highest within the first 6 months after the index self-harm episode. The independent predictors of subsequent suicide were avoiding discovery at the time of self-harm, not living with a close relative, previous psychiatric treatment, self-mutilation, alcohol misuse, and physical health problems. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance in a suicide prevention strategy of early intervention after an episode of self-harm. Treatment should include attention to physical illness, alcohol problems, and living circumstances. Self-harm appears to confer a particularly high risk of suicide in female patients.
Myristoylation of the Fus1 Protein Is Required for Tumor Suppression in Human Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Futoshi Uno, Jiichiro Sasaki, Masahiko Nishizaki, Giovanni Carboni, Kai Xu, Edward N. Atkinson, Masashi Kondo, John D. Minna, Jack A. Roth, Lin Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract FUS1 is a novel tumor suppressor gene identified in the human chromosome 3p21.3 region that is deleted in many cancers. Using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis on an anti-Fus1-antibody-capture ProteinChip array, we identified wild-type Fus1 as an N-myristoylated protein. N-myristoylation is a protein modification process in which a 14-carbon myristoyl group is cotranslationally and covalently added to the NH2-terminal glycine residue of the nascent polypeptide. Loss of expression or a defect of myristoylation of the Fus1 protein was observed in human primary lung cancer and cancer cell lines. A myristoylation-deficient mutant of the Fus1 protein abrogated its ability to inhibit tumor cell-induced clonogenicity in vitro, to induce apoptosis in lung tumor cells, and to suppress the growth of tumor xenografts and lung metastases in vivo and rendered it susceptible to rapid proteasome-dependent degradation. Our results show that myristoylation is required for Fus1-mediated tumor-suppressing activity and suggest a novel mechanism for the inactivation of tumor suppressors in lung cancer and a role for deficient posttranslational modification in tumor suppressor-gene-mediated carcinogenesis.
Caunton and Somerset Hospital. CASE OF COMPOUND FRACTURE OF THE UPPER PART OF THE FEMUR: AMPUTATION AT THE HIP JOINT: DEATH ABOUT EIGHT HOURS AFTER THE OPERATION
Authors: H. Alford
Journal: BMJ (1855)

stae of the brain s ben wel deribed by Sa , but w, I believe, first pointed out by a distinguished 1don phc.Ihave edeavoured, knowing the value of your space, to id4e the report of the cases as far as possible, without nit necessry particulars.t I. C.scawsion of the Brain; Slight Laceration; f.l2 LecAymow of Blood in the Cerebral Substance; Ef>of g Blood into the CeUular Timu of the Orbit, from Phacure of the Facia Bones.This was the case of a gen- t s who was thrown from his horse, and admitted into St.George's Hospital very shortly afterwards.Ile was thm completely insensible.There were two very small wounds over the left eye, and one of them led down to the boe, which felt roughened.The left orbit was full of led, pushing the eyeball forwards, and making the lids vr tOn opening the lids, the ocular conjunctiva us seen to be full, but not chemosed.There was no parlysis; the breathing was quiet; the pulse very weak, 84.The feet and legs were drawn up spasmodically every now and then.Next day, the ecchymosis in the orbit was in- creasing; and the jactitations had also increased; they