tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Left Posterior Fascicular Block in Canine and Primate Hearts
Authors: THOMAS B. WATT, RAYMOND D. PRUITT
Journal: Circulation (1969)

To determine the electrocardiographic consequences of experimentally produced left posterior fascicular block, electrocardiograms of three baboons and three dogs were recorded from extremity and chest leads, from an esophageal lead, and from atraumatic exploring epicardial leads both before and after left posterior fascicular block and again after right bundle-branch block. The following electrocardiographic changes were noted: In direct epicardial leads from sites overlying zones of delayed myocardial excitation (1) increased ratio of R to S; (2) later intrinsic deflection time; and (3) appearance or augmentation of the Q wave. These altered potentials also appeared as rotations of the mean spatial QRS electrical axis. The QRS duration increased slightly. The addition of RBBB produced a further delay in deflection time in epicardial leads from the RV and a further increase in QRS interval. The epicardial envelopment by the excitation process is portrayed in diagrams. These observations emphasize the need for caution in the diagnosis of left posterior fascicular block alone or in combination with RBBB.
A Dose-Response Study of Glimepiride in Patients With NIDDM Who Have Previously Received Sulfonylurea Agents
Authors: Ronald B Goldberg, Sherman M Holvey, Jill Schneider
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy, safety, and dose-response relationship of glimepiride in patients with NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS After a 21-day placebo washout period, 304 patients were randomized to receive either placebo or glimepiride, 1, 4, or 8 mg once daily. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h postprandial glucose (PPG), and HbA1c were measured at predetermined intervals during the washout period and the 14-week study. Adverse events were tabulated. RESULTS At each patient visit, reduction from baseline FPG was greater in each glimepiride group than in the placebo group (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Changes from baseline to endpoint after 1, 4, and 8 mg glimepiride exceeded those after placebo (P &amp;lt; 0.001) by 2.4, 3.9, and 4.1 mmol/l, respectively, for FPG; by 1.2, 1.8, and 1.9 percentage points, respectively, for HbA1c; and by 3.5, 5.1, and 5.2 mmol/l, respectively, for 2-h PPG. Greater reductions in these parameters were observed with 8 and 4 mg than with 1 mg (P &amp;lt; 0.05), indicating a dose-response relationship. When patients with baseline HbA1c levels ≥ 8% were assessed, more patients who received 8 mg glimepiride had HbA1c values &amp;lt; 8% at endpoint compared with patients receiving 4 mg. Glimepiride had a favorable safety profile. CONCLUSIONS Glimepiride in 1-, 4-, or 8-mg doses was effective and well tolerated. Although the 4- and 8-mg once-daily doses were significantly more potent than the 1-mg dose, all three doses yielded clinical improvement. Because the 8-mg dose controlled HbA1c values in a greater number of patients with high baseline HbA1c levels than did the 4-mg dose, this higher dose might be beneficial for patients who are difficult to treat.
Conventional RIA underestimates cortisol suppression in the presence of prednisolone
Authors: R J Meijer
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Concerns about suppression of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis by systemic steroids as well as by inhaled corticosteroids have been widely held since their introduction. Several studies have suggested that inhaled corticosteroids can replace oral corticosteroids during exacerbations of asthma1 and in severe asthma.2 We have recently published a study in which treatment of unstable asthmatic patients for 2 weeks with high doses of inhaled fluticasone resulted in a greater improvement in airway hyperresponsiveness than oral prednisolone.3 Additionally—and to our surprise—we found a comparable decrease in serum cortisol levels with fluticasone 1000 μg twice daily and oral prednisolone 30 mg/day. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) method was used to determine serum cortisol suppression in blood with corticosteroid treatment, as in most …
Letter: Activated charcoal in treatment of poisoning.
Authors: P Crome, R Goulding, G N Volans
Journal: BMJ (1975)

enteral administration of hypertonic saline.Apparently the surgeon wished to use physio- logical saline (so-called 099% w/v) but pre- scribed "normal saline"; so the pharmacist made up normal saline (58-5 g/l), which is six times as strong, and this was given to the patient.This regrettable accident reinforces the need to abandon the use of "normal" (and of %) in medicine and in chemistry to de-
A Correlation Study of Bone Scanning with Clinical and Laboratory Findings in the Staging of Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: KARL TORNYOS, OLGA GARCIA, BRIAN KARR, R. LeBEAUD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Fifty consecutive patients who had a bone scan and a diagnosis of nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma were studied, retrospectively, to determine the usefulness of bone scans in the presurgical workup. Bone scans were interpreted as positive for bone metastases if the scanning abnormality could not be explained by other causes (e.g., trauma or arthritis) or by additional studies (e.g., radiography or CT scanning). Seventeen percent of the patients whose initial clinical and laboratory findings suggested only localized resectable tumor had positive bone scans, changing treatment from surgery to more conservative therapy. Thirty-six percent of patients with no evidence of lung cancer extending to the mediastinum or beyond by CT of the chest and upper abdomen had bone scans indicating bone metastases (positive bone scan). These results suggest that bone scan adds useful information to the presurgical evaluation of patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Clinical findings and/or CT of the chest and upper abdomen are not sensitive or specific enough to exclude bone metastases. Bone scan is recommended before thoracotomy for patients considered for surgery for localized, potentially resectable nonsmall-cell lung cancer.
Pituitary Enlargement, Pituitary Failure, and Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: APOSTOLOS G. VAGENAKIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Enlargement of the pituitary gland associated with primary hypothyroidism was observed in two patients. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration and the TSH response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone were increased in both. Other pituitary function tests were subnormal in both patients, suggesting that a thyrotroph pituitary tumor was present that compromised the other pituicytes. The presence of a pituitary tumor secondary to primary hypothyroidism and resulting pituitary failure should be considered in all patients with long-standing primary hypothyroidism.
Diagnosis and management of transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke in the acute phase
Authors: K. S. McArthur, T. J. Quinn, J. Dawson, M. R. Walters
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Education of patients and their relatives to recognise signs of stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is crucial to promote early presentation to medical services TIA and stroke are medical emergencies; refer for urgent specialist opinionThe risk of further cerebrovascular event following TIA is substantial, immediate, quantifiable, and preventable; do not be reassured by resolution of symptoms Effective treatments for selected stroke patients include: aspirin within first 48 hours; intravenous thrombolysis; surgical decompression of cerebral oedema Admission to a dedicated stroke unit offers mortality and functional benefits to all patients with stroke Deranged physiology is common in acute stroke and associated with poor prognosis Sources and selection criteriaThe review is based on the authors' clinical and research experience and informed by a search of published literature.Electronic databases (Medline and Embase) were searched from inception to December 2010 inclusive, using truncated keywords: "transient ischaemic attack"; "thrombolytic"; "stroke or cerebrovascular".In addition, key reference works; national and international guidelines; and key journals were searched for relevant papers.Particular attention was given to large randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.The intention was not to offer a comprehensive systematic review, rather to give a narrative overview and critique of published literature.
Abstract 2030: Mechanisms of E2F-mediated centrosome amplification in HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Miyoung Lee, Harold I. Saavedra
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Centrosome amplification associates with most human cancers and has been suggested to trigger tumor initiation and progression. Centrosomes are the major microtubule organizing centers in animal cells. They are duplicated once in each cell cycle and duplicated centrosomes establish mitotic spindle bipolarity. Centrosome duplication is tightly regulated because deregulated centrosome duplication leads to centrosome amplification, multipolar and pseudobipolar mitotic spindles that potentiate chromosome instability and may trigger tumorigenesis. One of the tumor types in which the relationship between centrosome amplification and tumorigenesis is well known are breast cancers, as most breast tumors exhibit centrosome amplification. Centrosome amplification arises through various mechanisms, such as deregulation of cell cycle regulators, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Our laboratory discovered that HER2 positive breast cancer cells and K-RasG12D pre-malignant mouse mammary lesions displayed overexpressed E2F1-3 transcriptional activators. Although E2Fs are involved in various cellular processes, including the regulation of the cell and centrosome duplication cycles and differentiation, the role of E2Fs in centrosome amplification in breast tumors is unknown. To study the role of the E2F activators in centrosome amplification, we first assayed centrosome amplification in the E2F-overexpressing HER2 positive breast cancer cells, HCC1954, JIMT1 and SKBR3. There was increased centrosome amplification in the HER2 positive cell lines HCC1954, JIMT1 or SKBR3 relative to MCF10A control mammary epithelial cells. To find if centrosome amplification shown in HER2 positive cells overexpressing E2F1-3 was E2F-specific, the siRNA-mediated silencing technique was applied to transiently knock-down the E2F activators (E2F1-3a) and cells were assayed for centrosome amplification. In addition, to permanently knockdown E2Fs in HER2 positive cells, shRNA-mediated silencing technique will be applied. Western blots confirmed that E2Fs knockdown was efficient, followed by decreased centrosome amplification in HER2 positive cells downregulated for E2F1 and E2F3a; results for E2F2 are still awaiting. These data suggested that centrosome amplification detected in HER2 positive cells is specific to the E2F activators. Future experiments will involve the identification of E2F-dependent transcriptional targets mediating centrosome amplification in HER2 positive cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2030. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2030
Commentary: new development goals must focus on social determinants of health
Authors: D. Legge, D. Sanders
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Although the millennium development goals (MDGs) addressed some of the starkest manifestations of the contemporary global health crisis, they failed to confront the underlying structures that maintain the crisis, including globalisation. In reflecting on the post-2015 development agenda,1 we need to challenge some key assumptions about the genesis and effect of the current goals. 

Much of the discourse around the MDGs since 2000 has suggested that attainment would be secured by creating a global partnership for development (goal 8) and would require “more of the same,” including increased development assistance. An alternative interpretation is that both the goals and the increased development assistance since 2000 were motivated, at least in part, by the need to shore up the legitimacy of what was …
Is the money following the clients with learning disabilities?
Authors: G R Glover, J Rohde, R D Farmer
Journal: BMJ (1993)

For the past decade patients with learning disabilities living in long stay mental handicap hospitals have been resettled in the community. Local authorities have also taken on the care of new patients who would once have been long stay residents. The imperfect data that are available suggest that in England about half the residents in mental handicap hospitals in 1981 are now the responsibility of local authorities; the figures for Wales and Northern Ireland are 38% and 33%. Data on revenue suggest that the savings to the health service are much less--perhaps 9% in Northern Ireland and 3.6% in England, although there have also been capital gains through the sale of hospitals. Existing methods of transferring money from health to local authorities--joint finance and "dowries" for individual patients--do not seem adequately to have compensated local authorities. Moreover, as patients still to be transferred are more severely disabled local authorities will require larger sums--about 26 000 pounds per patient per year plus 39 200 pounds in capital. If the government chooses not to transfer these resources from health authorities it will be switching funds away from learning disabled people to other care groups.
Applied Respiratory Physiology
Authors: Alvin E. Rodin
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>Applied Respiratory Physiology</i>is the second edition of a text first published in 1969. The original subtitle, "with special reference to anaesthesia," has been dropped—and appropriately so, because only a small part has specific reference to anesthesia. The new edition retains many of the excellent figures in the first edition and has added many more. Included are five color plates and electron micrographs of the alveolar membrane. Many references have been added since 1969. Each chapter has a similar organization—physics, physiology, research findings, normal and abnormal states, electrolyte changes, anesthetic aspects, treatment, and methods of measurement. The extensive review of conflicting findings in the research literature is excellent but possibly more than the average practitioner would like to know. There are frequent references to artificial ventilation (IPPB, PEEP, and CPAP), but these are scattered throughout, making the book difficult to use for an overview of this area. The discussion of
Robert Duncan McKendrick
Authors: R. Thompson, J. McKendrick
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Robert Duncan McKendrick (“Robbie”) was born on 6 July 1973 in St Andrews. His father served in the Royal Air Force, instilling an early enthusiasm for aircraft and aspirations to fly fast jets. Robbie spent an early childhood in Germany and the United States prior to arriving in Lincolnshire aged 11.

He attended Bedford School before obtaining a first class degree in physiology at Newcastle University, where he met Jess, his future wife. He subsequently achieved a degree in medicine at Manchester University. Student life was to be enjoyed and Robbie did not fail. Holiday work at the pork pie factory, the daffodil …
CLINICALLY EQUIVALENT CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION SCORING AT 70% LOWER DOSE RADIATION WITH ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION VERSUS STANDARD DOSE RADIATION
Authors: Andrew Choi, Sujata Shanbhag, Kathie Bronson, Shahryar Saba, Gina LaRocca, Andrew Ertel, Anu Rao, Jeannie Yu, Kalindi Parikh, Eric Leifer, Andrew Arai, Marcus Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Osteopontin has a crucial role in allergic airway disease through regulation of dendritic cell subsets
Authors: Georgina Xanthou, Themis Alissafi, Maria Semitekolou, Davina C M Simoes, Erasmia Economidou, Mina Gaga, Bart N Lambrecht, Clare M Lloyd, Vily Panoutsakopoulou
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Microparticle conferred microRNA profiles - implications in the transfer and dominance of cancer traits
Authors: Ritu Jaiswal, Frederick Luk, Joyce Gong, Jean-Marie Mathys, Georges Emile Raymond Grau, Mary Bebawy
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2012)

Abstract Background Microparticles (MPs) are membrane vesicles which are released from normal and malignant cells following a process of budding and detachment from donor cells. MPs contain surface antigens, proteins and genetic material and serve as vectors of intercellular communication. MPs comprise the major source of systemic RNA including microRNA (miRNA), the aberrant expression of which appears to be associated with stage, progression and spread of many cancers. Our previous study showed that MPs carry both transcripts and miRNAs associated with the acquisition of multidrug resistance in cancer. Results Herein, we expand on our previous finding and demonstrate that MPs carry the transcripts of the membrane vesiculation machinery ( floppase and scramblase ) as well as nucleic acids encoding the enzymes essential for microRNA biogenesis ( Drosha, Dicer and Argonaute ). We also demonstrate using microarray miRNA profiling analysis, the selective packaging of miRNAs ( miR-1228* , miR-1246 , miR-1308 , miR-149* , miR-455-3p , miR-638 and miR-923) within the MP cargo upon release from the donor cells. Conclusions These miRNAs are present in both haematological and non-haematological cancer cells and are involved in pathways implicated in cancer pathogenesis, membrane vesiculation and cascades regulated by ABC transporters. Our recent findings reinforce our earlier reports that MP transfer ‘re-templates’ recipient cells so as to reflect donor cell traits. We now demonstrate that this process is likely to occur via a process of selective packaging of nucleic acid species, including regulatory nucleic acids upon MP vesiculation. These findings have significant implications in understanding the cellular basis governing the intercellular acquisition and dominance of deleterious traits in cancers.
Gallium-67 Citrate Imaging in Subcutaneous Abscess
Authors: VIDYA V. SAGAR, DENNIS MARTENZ, ROBERT L. MECKELNBURG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

The value of Ga-67 images in identifying unsuspected locations of subcutaneous Staphylococcus aureus abscess is presented. Many of the lesions detected on the Ga-67 study were not clinically evident. In addition, follow-up studies show resolution of the changes after antibiotic therapy.
Human chondrocytes proliferate and produce matrix components in microcarrier suspension culture
Authors: C. Frondoza, A. Sohrabi, D. Hungerford
Journal: Biomaterials (1996)

Chondrocytes propagated in monolayer culture proliferate and change into 'fibroblastoid'-like cells. This change is characterized by a shift in production of collagen type II to I and from high- to low-molecular-weight proteoglycans. When propagated in three-dimensional culture, chondrocytes have limited ability to divide but re-express their original characteristics. The goal of the present study was to determine whether a microcarrier suspension culture system would support chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype expression. Our experiments indicate that a collagen type I microcarrier (cellagen) best supported chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype expression. Cells in cellagen microcarriers multiplied at least twentyfold within 2 weeks and had doubling times of 2 to 3 d. Viable and metabolically active cells were retrieved with ease. The harvested chondrocytes had no detectable staining for collagen type I and stained intensely for collagen type II. Our studies demonstrate that the microcarrier suspension culture system supports growth and enhances expression of the 'chondrocytic' phenotype. Attachment to a constrained surface and the fluid shear forces on the microcarriers during suspension culture may have helped chondrocytes to reacquire their rounded shape and produce cartilage matrix components.
Significance of minimodeling in dialysis patients with adynamic bone disease
Authors: Yoshifumi Ubara, Tetsuo Tagami, Syohei Nakanishi, Naoki Sawa, Junichi Hoshino, Tatsuya Suwabe, Hideyuki Katori, Fumi Takemoto, Shigeko Hara, Kenmei Takaichi
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Seemingly Isolated Hepatic Tissue
Authors: GILLES LEBOUTHILLIER, JACQUES MORAIS, BENOIT AUBIN, MICHEL PICARD, DANIEL PICARD, RAYMONDE CHARTRAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Apparently isolated hepatic tissue on Tc-99m phytate liver scan and hepatobiliary scintigraphy proved to be caused by a thin strip of liver parenchyma, as depicted by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentration of Erlotinib and its Active Metabolite OSI-420 in Patients with Central Nervous System Metastases of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yosuke Togashi, Katsuhiro Masago, Masahide Fukudo, Tomohiro Terada, Shiro Fujita, Kaoru Irisa, Yuichi Sakamori, Young Hak Kim, Tadashi Mio, Ken-ichi Inui, Michiaki Mishima
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Studies on the Local and Systematic Effects of Acetyl Beta-Methylcholine Administered by Iontophoresis
Authors: Lay Martin, Hubert Ruland, Louis Ruland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1937)

were also to be paid. When it came into the legislative chamber those provisions were absent, and the medical profession took a vote as to whether they would practice medicine if the bill were introduced; 613 voted that they would not practice medicine and 13 voted that they would. The bill was never introduced. I think we shall go forward, because of all the professions in history, the medical profession has put its hand into the public till the least. It has maintained itself in the past because it was selfsupporting, and it will maintain its eminence in the future, marching forward, presciently, courageously and triumphantly. 116 East Fifty-Third Street.
Postpartum Blood Requirements: Should Autologous Donation Programs Be Considered?
Authors: Toby L. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1988)

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Primary angioplasty leads to a low incidence of adverse outcomes in patients with the substrate for right ventricular infarction
Authors: Terry R. Bowers, William W. O'Neill, James A. Goldstein, Bruce Brodie, John Griffin, Bryan Donohue, C. Costantini, Carlos Balestrini, Denise E. Jones, Cindy L. Grines
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)