tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atrial Pacing Periablation for Prevention of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Anne M. Gillis, D. George Wyse, Stuart J. Connolly, Marc Dubuc, François Philippon, Raymond Yee, Pierre Lacombe, M. Sarah Rose, Charles D. Kerr
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —This study tested the hypothesis that rate-adaptive atrial pacing would prevent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in patients with frequent PAF in the absence of symptomatic bradycardia. Methods and Results —Patients (n=97) with antiarrhythmic drug-refractory PAF received a Medtronic Thera DR pacemaker 3 months before planned AV node ablation. Patients were randomized to no pacing (n=48) or to atrial rate-adaptive pacing (n=49). After a 2-week stabilization period, patients were followed up for an additional 10 weeks. The time to first recurrence of sustained PAF, the interval between successive episodes of PAF, and the frequency of PAF were compared between the 2 groups in intention-to-treat analysis. Time to first episode of sustained PAF was similar in the no-pacing (4.2 days; 95% CI, 1.8 to 9.5) and the atrial-pacing (1.9 days; 95% CI, 0.8 to 4.6; P =NS) groups. PAF burden was lower in the no-pacing (0.24 h/d; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.56) than in the atrial-pacing (0.67 h/d; 95% CI, 0.30 to 1.52; P =0.08) group. Paired crossover analysis in 11 patients revealed that time to first PAF was shorter during atrial pacing (1.6 days; 95% CI, 0.6 to 4.9) than with no pacing (6.0 days; 95% CI, 2.4 to 15.0; P =0.13), and PAF burden was greater during atrial pacing (1.00 h/d; 95% CI, 0.35 to 2.91) than with no pacing (0.32 h/d; 95% CI, 0.09 to 1.13; P &lt;0.016). Conclusions —Atrial rate-adaptive pacing does not prevent PAF over the short term in patients with antiarrhythmic drug-resistant PAF without symptomatic bradycardia.
Impact of telemedicine must be defined in developing countries
Authors: M. Rigby
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—The editorial by Edworthy shows the dangers of external commentary on what is most useful for developing countries.1 How can we measure the comparative impact of teleconsultation in Uzbekistan or Cambodia with teleconsultation in snowbound northern Canada, telemetry in Norway supporting elderly people at home, or teleradiology avoiding long painful journeys in remote parts of the British Isles? What values do we use—economic, social, quality adjusted life years, consumer feedback, political position, or provider satisfaction?

More importantly, how …
Acute Nephritis and Streptococcal Sore Throat
Authors: J. G. Cooney
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MEDIBRISHURNAL 47 room with full stomachs.The risk of vomiting during induction and recovery will be increased and a further hazard created.I notice that the children in this series were not intubated.I have found after considerable experience using the Boyle-Davis gag
Is hypergastrinaemia associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: D R Rowden, I L Taylor, J A Richter, R S Pinals, R A Levine
Journal: Gut (1978)

In an attempt to confirm the reported high incidence of raised serum gastrin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), gastrin concentrations were estimated in 54 patients. Only three patients (6%) had basal hypergastrinaemia. The heptadecapeptide (G17) and total carboxyl-terminal immunoreactive gastrin responses to a standard protein meal were measured by specific radioimmunoassay in these three patients and in nine normogastrinaemic RA patients displaying the same age range. The three hypergastrinaemic patients showed significantly greater and more prolonged G17 and total carboxylterminal immunoreactive gastrin responses to the meal compared with the normogastrinaemic RA patients (P less than 0.02). Two of these three patients agreed to have an acid output study (pentagastrin 6 microg/kg subcutaneously) and gastric mucosal biopsies taken for histology. Both were found to be achlorhydric and to have atrophic gastritis. This study suggests that basal hypergastrinaemia in RA patients is considerably less common than previously reported and, when present, is associated with achlorhydria. In addition, the incidence of achlorhydria in rheumatoid arthritis is similar to that found in a normal age-matched population.
Le dépistage organisé du cancer colorectal par recto-sigmoïdoscopie est faisable en France
Authors: B Denis, I Gendre, F Aman, F Ribstein, P Maurin, P Perrin
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Objectif: Malgré les preuves théoriques de son efficacité, le dépistage du cancer colorectal (CCR) par recto-sigmoïdoscopie (RS) n'a jamais été évalué en France. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer l'acceptabilité et le rendement de l'adjonction d'une RS au dépistage organisé (DO) du CCR par Hemoccult (H).
Effects of phthalate esters on lipid metabolism in various tissues, cells and organelles in mammals.
Authors: F P Bell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The effect of phthalate ester plasticizers on a variety of enzyme systems was studied in rats, rabbits and pigs. The feeding of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) to animals at levels from 0.1% to 1.0% in the diet resulted in diverse biochemical effects, such as inhibition of cholesterologenesis in liver, testes, and adrenal gland; inhibition of cholesterologenesis in brain and liver of fetal rats from DEHP-fed dams; decreased plasma cholesterol levels; decreased synthesis of hepatic phospholipid and triglyceride; increased fatty acid oxidation in isolated liver mitochondria; and a transient decrease in fatty acid oxidation in isolated heart mitochondria. The addition of DEHP to preparations of rat liver in vitro resulted in inhibition of cholesterologenesis, and its addition to isolated mitochondria from rat heart produced an inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase. DEHP-feeding to rats and rabbits, however, did not affect platelet function as judged by collagen- and ADP-induced aggregation. The studies presented here indicate that the exposure of animals to phthalate esters can result in a significant perturbation of normal metabolism in liver, heart, testes, adrenal gland and brain and can affect blood lipid levels.
Potential False-positive Urinary Leak from Vesico-duodenal Reflux in a Combined Renal-Pancreatic Transplant
Authors: KIM M. WILSON, LEONIE GORDON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Combined renal and pancreatic transplants have increased in frequency in recent years. The technique of whole pancreas transplantation with drainage of exocrine secretions into the urinary bladder via the donor duodenum is now the most common technique performed in the United States. This study demonstrates reflux of radioactive urine into the duodenal graft, with an unusual appearance that initially could also have represented a urinary leak.
Performance in endurance events
Authors: Malcolm Bottomley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1988)

One criticism of this book is that it is difficult to decide to whom to recommend it.It begins as though very much aimed at the lay person, using the analogy of a car engine to illustrate the energy needs of the body.It quickly progresses to a detailed scientific description of the various sources of energy supply, oxygen utilisation and heat regulation, for which feel that a certain amount of basic science knowledge is necessary.The book is presented as a series of questions which are then discussed, but it also involves the student throughout in a study of his or her own performance, by means of a series of step by step calculations accompanying the text.This seems to be a novel and effective way of putting the knowledge to immediate and practical use which should help to reinforce the learning process.Once over the hump of the apparently lay approach it should prove a useful book for both medical students and those doctors whose physiological education has grown rusty.It must also appeal to the keen endurance athlete who wants to learn more about their function and in particular to their coach.It is a cheerful and practical text book that certainly helps you to make much more sense of the readout from the British Olympic Medical Centre.Two minor points; it does not have a detailed index, but the chapter index should guide you to the area you want.Proof readers are obviously a dying breed, it abounds with spelling mistakes, but it is far from alone in that.
Inhalation trauma due to overheating in a microwave oven.
Authors: A L Zanen, A P Rietveld
Journal: Thorax (1993)

The microwave oven is a kitchen appliance that has become increasingly popular in recent years. In some instances the temperature in the microwave oven can become exceedingly high. A case is discussed of a patient with respiratory distress after inhalation of gas from an overheated microwave oven.
Abstract 5320: Deletion of TGFß signaling in Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells attenuates breast adenocarcinoma progression
Authors: Yanli Pang, Hannah H. Yan, Chaoyang Li, B. R. Achyut, Li Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract TGFß is a very important mediator in tumor progression. However, the contribution of TGFß signaling in tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells in this process is unclear. Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells are overproduced in tumor host. They infiltrate into tumor tissues and contribute to immune suppression, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Data from our studies demonstrate that Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells are recruited into the invasive front of breast adenocarcinomas. Tumor-infiltrating Gr-1+CD11b+ cells exhibit a significantly elevated TGFß signaling, including increased expression of TGFß type I and type II receptor, TGFß1 and TGFß3 ligands, as well as latent TGFß binding protein. They also produce a high level of multiple matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP13, MMP14, MMP2 and MMP9. Interestingly, genetic deletion of the gene encoding TGFß type II receptor (Tgfbr2) in Gr-1+CD11b+ cells significantly attenuates the production of MMP14 and MMP2. These in vitro studies were conducted by transduction of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells from Tgfbr2flox/flox mice (loxP-flanked Tgfbr2) with adenovirus expressing DNA recombinase. To further investigate if TGFß signaling plays an important role in Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells mediated breast tumor progression, mice with conditional knockout of Tgfbr2 in Gr-1+CD11b+ cells are generated through cross breeding of Tgfbr2flox/flox mice with LysM-Cre mice expressing Cre in myeloid cells. These mutant mice are viable and appear to be normal. Southern blotting showed that Tgfbr2 deletion is restricted to bone marrow, spleen and lymph node but not other organs. Sorted Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells but not T or B lymphoid cells exhibited over 85% of Tgfbr2 deletion. This specific TGF-ß inactivation in Gr-1+CD11b+ cells allows us to investigate its effect on tumor growth and angiogenesis, as well as metastasis. We observed a significantly attenuated 4T1 tumor growth in these knockout mice compared with the control littermates. We postulate that TGFß signaling in host derived Gr-1+CD11b+ cells is an important part of TGFß effect in tumor progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5320.
Global climate change and infectious diseases.
Authors: R Shope
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The effects of global climate change on infectious diseases are hypothetical until more is known about the degree of change in temperature and humidity that will occur. Diseases most likely to increase in their distribution and severity have three-factor (agent, vector, and human being) and four-factor (plus vertebrate reservoir host) ecology. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes may move northward and have more rapid metamorphosis with global warming. These mosquitoes transmit dengue virus, and Aedes aegypti transmits yellow fever virus. The faster metamorphosis and a shorter extrinsic incubation of dengue and yellow fever viruses could lead to epidemics in North America. Vibrio cholerae is harbored persistently in the estuaries of the U.S. Gulf Coast. Over the past 200 years, cholera has become pandemic seven times with spread from Asia to Europe, Africa, and North America. Global warming may lead to changes in water ecology that could enhance similar spread of cholera in North America. Some other infectious diseases such as LaCrosse encephalitis and Lyme disease are caused by agents closely dependent on the integrity of their environment. These diseases may become less prominent with global warming because of anticipated modification of their habitats. Ecological studies will help us to understand more fully the possible consequences of global warming. New and more effective methods for control of vectors will be needed.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in rat arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Authors: K Lai, H Wang, W S Lee, M K Jain, M E Lee, E Haber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration is important in arteriosclerosis. In this process, cytokines and growth factors are upregulated and bind to their respective receptors, which in turn stimulate mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. MAP kinases then relay signals to the nucleus that activate quiescent smooth muscle cells. Phosphatases downregulate MAP kinases. We investigated the role of a dual-specificity tyrosine phosphatase, MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), in smooth muscle cell proliferation. MKP-1 expression was high in arterial tissue by Northern analysis, and MKP-1 message was detected mainly in the arterial smooth muscle layer by in situ hybridization. After balloon injury of the rat carotid artery, expression of MKP-1 decreased greatly, whereas that of MAP kinases, especially p44 MAP kinase, increased. The time course of the reduction in MKP-1 message correlated with increased tyrosine phosphorylation and elevated p44 MAP kinase enzymatic activity. In rat arterial smooth muscle cells overexpressing MKP-1, growth was arrested in the G1 phase and entry into the S phase was blocked. A reduction in MKP-1 expression may contribute in part to proliferation of smooth muscle cells after vascular injury, possibly through a decrease in dephosphorylation of p44 MAP kinase.
A Modern Doctor Schweitzer
Authors: Cesar A. Chelala
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

On Being a Doctor15 February 1993A Modern Doctor SchweitzerCesar A. Chelala, MD, PhDCesar A. Chelala, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-4-199302150-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A physician from Spain devotes his life to treating patients in a small village in Africa. Despite the lack of modern medical equipment and personal amenities, he finds satisfaction in caring for patients who would otherwise go without medical treatment.He has some features in common with Dr. Albert Schweitzer. He is tall like him and has a moustache, and somewhat of a beard. But, more significantly, he has the same obsession to help the suffering poor.Albert Schweitzer had abandoned a successful career as a musicologist and religious educator in Europe, and at the age of 30 began to ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Cesar A. Chelala, MD, PhDCorresponding Author: Cesar A. Chelala, MD, PhD, 390 West Broadway, New York, NY 10012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 4Page: 307KeywordsForecastingHumidityHygieneNutritionPrevention, policy, and public healthRunningUlcers ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A regimen for low-dose aspirin?
Authors: S P Hanley, J Bevan, S R Cockbill, S Heptinstall
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The effects of different regimens of 40 mg aspirin on platelet thromboxane A2 synthesis and vascular prostacyclin synthesis were determined in patients who were undergoing elective surgery for removal of varicose veins. Aspirin 40 mg taken at intervals of 48 hours consistently reduced platelet thromboxane A2 synthesis to a level at which it failed to support platelet aggregation and the associated release reaction. This effect lasted for at least 36 hours. In contrast, aspirin 40 mg every 72 hours did not have the same consistent effect. Both dose regimens led to a reduction in vascular prostacyclin synthesis 12 hours after the last dose, but 36 or 72 hours after the last dose prostacyclin synthesis was not reduced; thus the inhibition of prostacyclin synthesis was short lived. If the balance between platelet thromboxane A2 and vascular prostacyclin synthesis is important in thrombosis 40 mg aspirin every 48 hours may have the maximum antithrombotic effect.
The Infertile Period: Principles and Practice.
Authors: John W. Huffman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This small volume is addressed to physicians and to Catholic priests. Its purpose is to give them information about the physiology of ovulation and the infertile period. So armed, they will be able to discharge their responsibility as regards teaching the rhythm method of regulating family size. Four of the seven chapters are concerned with the practical aspects of figuring infertile periods by the length of menstrual cycles and basal body temperature graphs. Much of the information in these chapters will be familiar to most physicians, but the facts are, for the most part, correctly stated. The other three chapters present the problem and the psychological and theological aspects of limiting family size according to the tenets of the Catholic Church.
STUDIES ON THE TOTAL BILE
Authors: Douglas R. Drury
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

A day to day study has been made of the calcium content of the total liver bile of dogs intubated under sterile conditions. The concentration of this element in the bile is fairly constant under physiological conditions which do not involve wide fluctuations in the secretory output. It follows that the calcium yield for each 24 hour period in general varies directly with the amount of the bile. But when this amount becomes greatly lessened, as the result of fasting, the concentration of calcium becomes markedly increased, though not sufficiently so to compensate for the lessened volume. When the bile amount rises much above the average after the ingestion of food in quantity, the calcium content, unlike that of pigment, does not become correspondingly diminished, but tends to remain the same as ordinarily. Hence when great amounts of bile are put out, so too are relatively great amounts of calcium. This is not because of the increased ingestion of the element. For neither feedings with bone meal, nor the administration of large quantities of calcium salts intravenously or by mouth has any effect to alter the biliary output of calcium. The normal gall bladder, far from secreting calcium into the bile, as some have supposed, acts to remove this element from the secretion, and removes carbon dioxide as well. The "white bile," which is a specific secretion of the bile ducts, contains but little calcium, like the mucous secretions from elsewhere in the body. The concentration is only slightly greater than that in the blood plasma, and contrasts significantly with the high concentration to be noted in true bile of the fasting animal. Evidently the greater portion of the bile calcium must be secreted, not by the duct walls, but by the liver itself. The findings have an evident bearing on the problem of cholelithiasis.
Dynamic Holographic Imaging of the Beating Human Heart
Authors: Patrick R. Hunziker, Steven Smith, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Noah Liel-Cohen, Robert A. Levine, Ryder Nesbitt, Stephen A. Benton, Michael H. Picard
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Currently, the reporting and archiving of echocardiographic data suffer from the difficulty of representing heart motion on printable 2-dimensional (2D) media. Methods and Results —We studied the capability of holography to integrate motion into 2D echocardiographic prints. Images of normal human hearts and of a variety of mitral valve function abnormalities (mitral valve prolapse, systolic anterior motion of the mitral leaflets, and obstruction of the mitral valve by a myxoma) were acquired digitally on standard echocardiographic machines. Images were processed into a data format suitable for holographic printing. Angularly multiplexed holograms were then printed on a prototype holographic “laser” printer, with integration of time in vertical parallax, so that heart motion became visible when the hologram was tilted up and down. The resulting holograms displayed the anatomy with the same resolution as the original acquisition and allowed detailed study of valve motion with side-by-side comparison of normal and abnormal findings. Comparison of standard echocardiographic measurements in original echo frames and corresponding hologram views showed an excellent correlation of both methods ( P &lt;0.0001, r 2 =0.979, mean bias=2.76 mm). In this feasibility study, both 2D and 3D holographic images were produced. The equipment needed to view these holograms consists of only a simple point-light source. Conclusions —Holographic representation of myocardial and valve motion from echocardiographic data is feasible and allows the printing on a 2D medium of the complete heart cycle. Combined with the recent development of online holographic printing, this novel technique has the potential to improve reporting, visualization, and archiving of echocardiographic imaging.
Diltiazem increases late-onset congestive heart failure in postinfarction patients with early reduction in ejection fraction. The Adverse Experience Committee; and the Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Research Group.
Authors: R E Goldstein, S J Boccuzzi, D Cruess, S Nattel
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Trial (MDPIT) reported no consistent diltiazem effect on new or worsened congestive heart failure (CHF) during 12-52 months' follow-up after acute myocardial infarction. This was puzzling in light of the observation that patients with findings suggesting left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) at baseline on diltiazem had more cardiac events (cardiac mortality or recurrent nonfatal infarction) than such patients on placebo. We hypothesized that diltiazem increased the frequency of late CHF as well as of cardiac events, but only in patients predisposed by LVD. Using the same characterizing variables as the primary MDPIT analysis, we found that patients with pulmonary congestion, anterolateral Q wave infarction, or reduced ejection fraction (EF) at baseline were more likely to have CHF during follow-up than those without these markers of LVD. CHF was particularly frequent in the patients with LVD who were randomized to diltiazem. Among those with a baseline EF of less than 0.40, late CHF appeared in 12% (39/326) receiving placebo and 21% (61/297) receiving diltiazem (p = 0.004). Life table analysis in patients with an EF of less than 0.40 confirmed more frequent late CHF in those taking diltiazem (p = 0.0017). In addition, the diltiazem-associated rise in the frequency of late CHF was progressively greater with increasingly severe decrements in baseline EF. This diltiazem effect was absent in patients with pulmonary congestion at baseline but an EF of 0.40 or more, suggesting a unique association between diltiazem-related late CHF and systolic LVD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)