tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patrick Joseph Evanson Smyth
Authors: Elizabeth Smyth, Edward Smyth
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Innovator in perinatal mental healthDiana Riley was a key figure in obstetric liaison psychiatry and perinatal mental health.She researched and published widely over 36 years, including works for health professionals and lay readers on postnatal depression and drug addiction in pregnancy.Diana instituted one of the first mother and baby mental health units in the country, at St John's Hospital, Stone, to care for mothers with postnatal depression without separating them from their babies-a revolutionary idea at the time.She established and supervised psychotherapy groups for mothers with postnatal depression in Buckinghamshire, and developed expertise in drug addiction in pregnancy while working and teaching at University College Hospital, London.She was also a prime mover in one of the earliest dedicated pre-senile dementia units in the country, leading a multidisciplinary team at St John's Hospital, Stone.Brought up in a deprived area of London, Diana was influenced by seeing people unable to afford proper medical treatment.Her conviction that one must add to the sum of human health and happiness informed her work and her relationships with family, friends, and the wider community.After qualifying and marrying, she was a locum in general practice during 1956-60, producing a child a year.She cared for the families of the Royal Air Force at RAF Halton
Vascular Malformations of the Brain
Authors: Bennett M. Stein, J.P. Mohr
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

IN this issue of the Journal, Rigamonti et al.1 draw attention to the familial prevalence and diagnostic features of cavernous malformations, a distinctive form of cerebral vascular anomaly.Vascular malformations of the brain are broadly classified in four categories. In descending order of incidence, they are arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations, venous malformations, and the telangiectasias. This generally accepted nomenclature derives from the differences in histopathological characteristics and in appearance on angiograms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and CT scans. The usual clinical course varies with each type, as must plans for management.2 Except for arteriovenous fistulas caused by trauma, all . . .
Radioiodide imaging and radiovirotherapy of multiple myeloma using VSV(Δ51)-NIS, an attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus encoding the sodium iodide symporter gene
Authors: Apollina Goel, Stephanie K. Carlson, Kelly L. Classic, Suzanne Greiner, Shruthi Naik, Anthony T. Power, John C. Bell, Stephen J. Russell
Journal: Blood (2007)
Challenges facing Medicaid expansion in the US
Authors: D. Noble, N. Biller-Andorno, J. M. Sutherland, M. Anstey
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Douglas Noble, Nikola Biller-Andorno, Jason M Sutherland, and Matthew Anstey</b> give an international perspective on some of the key battlegrounds that could make or break the expansion of Medicaid
Examination of a CpG Island Methylator Phenotype and Implications of Methylation Profiles in Solid Tumors
Authors: Carmen J. Marsit, E. Andres Houseman, Brock C. Christensen, Karen Eddy, Raphael Bueno, David J. Sugarbaker, Heather H. Nelson, Margaret R. Karagas, Karl T. Kelsey
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), thoroughly described in colorectal cancer and to a lesser extent in other solid tumors, is important in understanding epigenetics in carcinogenesis and may be clinically useful for classification of neoplastic disease. Therefore, we investigated whether this putative phenotype exists in exposure-related solid tumors, where somatic gene alterations and enhanced clonal growth are selected for by carcinogens, and examined the ability of methylation profiles to classify malignant disease. We studied promoter hypermethylation of 16 tumor suppressor genes and 3 MINT loci (acknowledged classifiers of CIMP) in 344 bladder cancers, 346 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), 146 non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 71 malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPM). We employed rigorous statistical methods to examine the distribution of promoter methylation and the usefulness of these profiles for disease classification. In bladder cancer, HNSCC, and NSCLC, there was a significant correlation (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) between methylation of the three MINT loci and methylation index, although the distribution of methylated loci varied significantly across these disease. Although there was a significant (P &amp;lt; 0.001) association between gene methylation profile and disease, rates of misclassification of each disease by their methylation profile ranged from 28% to 32%, depending on the classification scheme used. These data suggest that a form of CIMP exists in these solid tumors, although its etiology remains elusive. Whereas the gene profiles of hypermethylation among examined loci could not unequivocally distinguish disease type, the existence of CIMP and the relative preponderance of hypermethylation in these cancers suggest that methylation analysis may be clinically useful as a targeted screening tool. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(21): 10621-9)
Anti-factor IXa/X bispecific antibody ACE910 prevents joint bleeds in a long-term primate model of acquired hemophilia A
Authors: Atsushi Muto, Kazutaka Yoshihashi, Minako Takeda, Takehisa Kitazawa, Tetsuhiro Soeda, Tomoyuki Igawa, Zenjiro Sampei, Taichi Kuramochi, Akihisa Sakamoto, Kenta Haraya, Kenji Adachi, Yoshiki Kawabe, Keiji Nogami, Midori Shima, Kunihiro Hattori
Journal: Blood (2014)
Small bowel volvulus.
Authors: A. Young
Journal: BMJ (1988)

<sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3, the lead compound of a new class of radiohybrid prostate-specific membrane antigen (rhPSMA) ligands, is currently in phase III trials for prostate cancer (PCa) imaging. Here, we describe our experience in primary PCa staging. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively identified 279 patients with primary PCa who underwent <sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET/CT (staging cohort). A subset of patients (83/279) subsequently underwent prostatectomy with lymph node (LN) dissection without prior treatment (efficacy cohort). Distribution of tumor lesions was determined for the staging cohort and stratified by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk score. Involvement of pelvic LN was assessed retrospectively by 3 blinded independent central readers, and a majority rule was used for analysis. Standard surgical fields were rated on a five-point scale independently for PET and for morphological imaging. Results were compared to histopathological findings on a patient-, right vs. -left, and template-basis. <b>Results:</b> For the staging cohort <sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET was positive in 275/279 (98.6%), 106/279 (38.0%), 46/279 (16.5%), 65/279 (23.3%) and 5/279 (1.8%) patients for local, pelvic nodal, extrapelvic nodal, metastatic bone, and visceral metastatic disease. In the efficacy cohort, LN metastases were present in 24/83 patients (29%), located in 48/420 (11%) resected templates and in 33/166 (19.9%) hemi-pelvic templates in histopathology. Based on majority vote results, the patient-level sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for pelvic nodal metastases were 66.7% (95%CI, 44.7-83.6%), 96.6% (95%CI, 87.3-99.4%) and 88.0% (95%CI, 78.5-93.8%) for <sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET and 37.5% (95%CI, 19.6-59.2%), 91.5% (95%CI, 80.6-96.8%) and 75.9% (95%CI, 65.0-84.3%) for morphological imaging, respectively. <sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3 showed higher interobserver agreement than morphological imaging (patient-level Fleiss’ κ=0.54; 95%CI, 0.47-0.62 vs. 0.24; 95%CI, 0.17-0.31). A mean standardized uptake value ratio of 6.6 (95%CI, 5.2-8.1) documented a high image contrast between local tumors and adjacent low urinary tracer retention. <b>Conclusion:</b><sup>18</sup>F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET offers superior diagnostic performance to morphological imaging for primary N-staging of newly diagnosed PCa, shows lower inter-reader variation, and offers good distinction between primary tumor and bladder background activity. With increasing NCCN risk group an increasing frequency of extra-prostatic tumor lesions was observed.
Response to Comment on: Bopp et al. Routine Data Sources Challenge International Diabetes Federation Extrapolations of National Diabetes Prevalence in Switzerland. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2387–2389
Authors: Matthias Bopp, David Faeh
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

We appreciate the comment by Unwin et al. (1) on our article (2). Despite the adaptations of the figures described in their letter, we feel that there is still room for improvement, which we wish to address herewith. Unfortunately, for most countries there are no representative studies allowing reliable estimates of national diabetes prevalence rates and trends. The efforts of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) to close these gaps therefore deserve great merit. We also very much welcome the fact that the IDF regularly updates its figures. With interest we notice that the estimates published recently are much more similar to ours than those of the previous version that …
PTU-004 Applying Clinical Frameworks And Models To Improve The Specialist Screening Practitioners (ssp) Skills When Breaking Bad News Within The Bowel Screening Wales (bsw) Programme
Authors: E Howells, S Darwin
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Communicating a life altering diagnosis to a participant is considered to be one of the most difficult aspects of the SSP role. Research would suggest that screen detected cancers are likely to be asymptomatic and in the absence of warning signs there is little time for people to prepare for such news. Screening diagnosis often show positive appraisals with an understanding that the disease may be curable through early diagnosis. The aim of this work is to determine the skills involved when the SSP breaks bad news to the participants within the bowel screening programme in Wales. Using personal reflection, clinical frameworks and models are assessed to establish if they can be used effectively to utilise these skills in the delivery of bad news. <h3>Methods</h3> A literature review of the current research into reflection and breaking bad news was undertaken; from this a number of consultation frameworks were selected, namely: Models of Communication SPIKES (Breaking bad news) The MacMaster Technique Reflective Practice and the use of Gibbs reflective cycle Key themes were identified in terms of professional and personal responsibility, particularly around communication, during the process of breaking bad news. These were adopted into clinical practice. Using Gibbs reflective cycle, personal reflection was undertaken during this transition phase and results noted. <h3>Results</h3> Effective communication in breaking bad news demonstrating empathy and respect is vitally important, and one could argue as significant as treating the person who has a cancer diagnosis. The manner in which the information is imparted to the participant and their family can have serious consequences on their psychological morbidity and their ability to engage with the decision making processes in regard to their healthcare management. Application of the structure from the Calgary Cambridge Consultation Framework, supported by the SPIKES communication model and the MacMaster Technique, provides the necessary tools to support the participant through potentially difficult clinical consultations. Likewise, practitioners are able to manage the consultation and have a clear process to follow, allowing for respect, empathy and support for the participants; thus augmenting the quality of service provided. <h3>Conclusion</h3> It is essential that SSPs have the knowledge and skills to furnish them for effective communication skills to break bad news and to support participants and their families. Implementation of these frameworks has been found to provide the tool with which the SSP can be supported in their clinical practice and also sustain their participants when communicating a life altering diagnosis. <h3>References</h3> Buckman R, Kason Y (1992) Gibbs G (1988) Kaplan M (2010) Kurtz S, Silverman J (1996) <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 5330: Phosphatidylserine-targeting antibody enhances survival benefit of androgen deprivation therapy in mice bearing syngeneic prostate cancer
Authors: Yi Yin, Anita Kavlie, Philip E. Thorpe
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the cornerstone treatment for advanced prostate cancer despite being principally palliative in nature. New treatment strategies aimed at enhancing tumor immunogenicity and damaging tumor vasculature could potentially improve prostate cancer response to ADT. We recently showed that targeting phosphatidylserine by antibodies resulting in enhanced tumor immunogenicity and tumor vascular damage. Bavituximab, a chimeric version anti-phosphatidylserine antibody, is being tested in clinic trails for different cancers. Here we tested the hypothesis that the fully human anti-phosphatidylserine antibody 1N11 can enhance the antitumor properties of ADT in prostate cancer Experimental Design: Efficacy of ADT and 1N11 against prostate cancer was assessed in C57BL/6 mice bearing syngeneic RM1 prostate tumor by using castration and mouse chimeric 1N11(mch1N11). Effects on mouse survival were assessed. In vivo localization of 1N11,effects on immune cell infiltration, vasculature density were also estimated by histology. Results: Our data showed that castration of RM1 tumor bearing mice increased the percentage of tumor vessels with exposed phosphatidylserine from 60% to 93%. Castration, when combined with mouse chimeric 1N11, led to significant survival befit versus individual treatments. The mean survival time was 16 days with control antibody. The prolongation in survival was 15 days with the combination, as compared with 3 days with mch1N11, 5 days with castration alone. Toxicity to the mice was not observed. A dramatic enhancement of tumor infiltration by a variety of immune cells and disruption of vasculature implied the combination to be more immunostimulatory and antivasculitic. Conclusion: Combined treatment with 1N11 and ADT improves survival of mice bearing prostate cancer. These results provide the foundation for using ADT plus fully human 1N11, or bavituximab, to treat prostate cancer patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5330.
A stochastic optimality theory of preparedness and plasticity
Authors: Aurelio José Figueredo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Many now consider “instinct” and “learning” opposite poles of a unidimensional continuum. An alternative model with two independently varying parameters predicts different selective pressures. Behavioral adaptation matches the organism's utilizations of stimuli and responses to their ecological validities: the mean validity over evolutionary time specifies the optimal initial potency of the prepared association; the variance specifies the optimal prepared plasticity.
Ovarian transplant raises hope for women facing cancer treatment
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Scientists have successfully transplanted ovarian tissue back into a 30 year old woman who had the tissue removed and cryopreserved a year earlier.

The technique, pioneered by Professor Roger Gosden at the University of Leeds and carried out at New York Methodist Hospital by Dr Kutluk Oktay, offers hope of some degree of fertility to women who have ovarian tissue removed and banked prior to chemotherapy.

But fertility specialists urged caution after widespread popular speculation that the success of the operation could mean the end of the menopause and herald the arrival of fertility at any …
The Clinical Aspects of Primary Carcinoma of the Liver: A Review of 53 Cases.
Authors: Robert S. Nelson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965The Clinical Aspects of Primary Carcinoma of the Liver: A Review of 53 Cases.Robert S. Nelson, M.D., F.A.C.P., Ricardo de Elizalde, M.D.Robert S. Nelson, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Ricardo de Elizalde, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1092_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMost reviews of primary carcinoma of the liver have been retrospective studies based on postmortem material. In the present group of 53 patients treated from 1948 to 1963, only 9 were diagnosed on the basis of autopsy examination alone. In the remainder, surgical or percutaneous needle biopsy together with liver scan employing radioactive I131rose bengal as well as liver function studies, furnished a diagnosis in time for consideration of some definitive type of treatment. Resection was carried out in 6 patients, with one 5-year survival. Chemotherapy was employed in 21 patients, most of whom were treated with 5-Fluorouracil alone... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1092-1092KeywordsAutopsyBiopsyChemotherapyLiverRetrospective studies Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A role for endogenous endothelin-1 in neointimal formation after rat carotid artery balloon angioplasty. Protective effects of the novel nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonist SB 209670.
Authors: S A Douglas, C Louden, L M Vickery-Clark, B L Storer, T Hart, G Z Feuerstein, J D Elliott, E H Ohlstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The observation that levels of the mitogenic peptide endothelin-1 are elevated in the human coronary sinus after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has implicated endothelin-1 in the etiology of vascular restenosis. The present study examined this hypothesis in both an in vitro and an in vivo rat model of neointimal formation by using the novel nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonist SB 209670. In vitro, endothelin-1 (1 nmol/L) induced a ninefold increase in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle [3H]thymidine incorporation. This endothelin A receptor-mediated effect was completely inhibited by SB 209670 (IC50, 6.2 +/- 2.2 nmol/L). In vivo, acute intra-arterial administration of exogenous endothelin-1 (5 to 500 pmol/kg over a 30-minute period immediately after angioplasty) dose-dependently augmented the degree of neointimal formation (by up to 150% when assessed 14 days after surgery). This response was evident as early as 7 days after angioplasty. Hemodynamic studies indicated that this action was unrelated to a systemic pressor action of the peptide. Administration of SB 209670 (2.5 mg/kg IP, twice a day for 3 days before and for 2 weeks after surgery) reduced neointimal formation by approximately 50% relative to control animals. Thus, the data indicate for the first time that (1) endothelin-1 promotes neointimal formation in vivo and (2) endogenous endothelin-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of angioplasty-induced lesion formation in the rat. Endothelin receptor antagonists such as SB 209670 may therefore serve as useful adjuncts to PTCA, attenuating the degree of vascular restenosis observed after vascular wall injury.
STUDIES ON HYPOALBUMINEMIA PRODUCED BY PROTEIN-DEFICIENT DIETS
Authors: Robert Elman, Frank A. Brown, Harriet Wolf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Serum albumin depletion, induced by a 3 weeks fast, was completely corrected within 1 week by the ingestion of a diet consisting solely of meat administered ad libitum. The average protein intake was 50 gm. per kilo of body weight per day. A 2nd week of the same diet produced no further increase in serum albumin though it did lead to an increase in the globulin fraction.
Obinutuzumab (GA101) in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: final data from the phase 1/2 GAUGUIN study
Authors: Guillaume Cartron, Sophie de Guibert, Marie-Sarah Dilhuydy, Franck Morschhauser, Veronique Leblond, Jehan Dupuis, Beatrice Mahe, Reda Bouabdallah, Guiyuan Lei, Michael Wenger, Elisabeth Wassner-Fritsch, Michael Hallek
Journal: Blood (2014)
Facial Allergic Granulomatous Reaction and Systemic Hypersensitivity Associated With Microneedle Therapy for Skin Rejuvenation
Authors: Razieh Soltani-Arabshahi, Jillian W. Wong, Keith L. Duffy, Douglas L. Powell
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Microneedle therapy includes skin puncture with multiple micro-sized needles to promote skin rejuvenation or increase transdermal delivery of topical medications. In cosmetic practices, various cosmeceuticals are applied before microneedling to enhance the therapeutic effects. This results in intradermal tattooing of the topical product. Despite rapid increase in the use of microneedles in dermatology, there are few data about their safety. <h3>Observations</h3> We describe 3 women, aged 40s to 60s, who developed facial granulomas following microneedle therapy for skin rejuvenation. Two patients had undergone microinjection of the same branded topical moisturizer (Vita C Serum; Sanítas Skincare) during microneedle therapy. Biopsy in all cases showed foreign body–type granulomas. Results of tissue cultures were negative. Chest radiography and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme findings were normal. The first 2 patients had a positive patch test reaction to Vita C Serum. Initial treatment with topical and oral corticosteroids was ineffective. Therapy with doxycycline hydrochloride and minocycline hydrochloride led to partial improvement in one case and resolution in another. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Application of topical products prior to microneedling can introduce immunogenic particles into the dermis and potentiate local or systemic hypersensitivity reactions. Because the microneedle therapy system is accessible for home use, health care providers need to be aware of its potential consequences.
Incidence of sudden cardiac death associated with coronary artery occlusion in dogs with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy is reduced by chronic beta-adrenergic blockade.
Authors: K C Dellsperger, J B Martins, J L Clothier, M L Marcus
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Because beta-adrenergic blockade has as one of its many effects altered electrophysiological abnormalities after dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy have been subjected to coronary occlusion, we tested the hypothesis that metoprolol (200-400 mg/day) would reduce mortality rates in dogs with one-kidney, one clip left ventricular hypertrophy while a similar reduction in arterial pressure with enalapril (20-40 mg/day) would not. Dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy were given metoprolol or enalapril for 5-7 days before a 3-hour coronary occlusion. Infarct size and risk area were measured with triphenyltetrazolium chloride stain and barium angiography, respectively. For control (n = 15), left ventricular hypertrophy (n = 17), left ventricular hypertrophy plus metoprolol (n = 12), and left ventricular hypertrophy plus enalapril (n = 15) groups, mean arterial pressure, ratio of infarct size to risk area, and dogs experiencing sudden death were 110 +/- 4, 142 +/- 4, 121 +/- 7, and 120 +/- 3 mm Hg; 44 +/- 5%, 65 +/- 5%, 44 +/- 7%, and 30 +/- 4%; and 27%, 65%, 17%, and 53%, respectively. Thus, the excessive increase in early mortality occurring when dogs with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy undergo coronary occlusion is interrupted with beta-blockade, possibly via electrophysiological effects rather than by changes in arterial pressure or infarct size.
Insulin and angiotensin II are additive in stimulating TGF-β1 and matrix mRNAs in mesangial cells
Authors: Pamela W. Anderson, Xiao Y. Zhang, Jin Tian, Jorge D. Correale, Xiao Ping Xi, Dong Yang, Kristof Graf, Ronald E. Law, Willa A. Hsueh
Journal: Kidney International (1996)