tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic and Plasma Markers of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with High Grade Glioma
Authors: Francesca L. Sciacca, Emilio Ciusani, Antonio Silvani, Elena Corsini, Simona Frigerio, Simona Pogliani, Eugenio Parati, Danilo Croci, Amerigo Boiardi, Andrea Salmaggi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) is a frequent complication in the course of cancer, particularly in brain tumors. We investigated genetic and plasma factors possibly associated with risk of DVT/PE in patients with high-grade glioma.In a case-control study, we studied polymorphisms of the genes coding for factor II (G20210A), factor V (G1691A), methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase (C677T), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA; insertion/deletion), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1; 4G/5G), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; C936T). We also measured plasma levels of D-dimer, lipoprotein (lp) (a), homocysteine, VEGF, tPA, and PAI-1, comparing healthy control patients with patients with glioma or with patients with neurological nonneoplastic disease (multiple sclerosis).Genotype frequencies of polymorphisms analyzed were similar in patients with glioma and in healthy matched population. D-dimer, lp (a), homocysteine, VEGF, tPA, and PAI-1 plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with glioma than in healthy controls, whereas patients having neurological nonneoplastic disease had plasma values of these molecules not significantly different from healthy controls. VEGF, tPA, and PAI-1 were also found at high-plasma levels in patients carrying genotypes that, in healthy controls, were associated with "low-producing" phenotypes.Genetic risk factors alone did not explain the high incidence of DVT/PE observed in patients with glioma. Higher plasma levels of molecules influencing the coagulation pathways indicate that the tumor itself might confer an increased risk of DVT/PE; thus, D-dimer, homocysteine, lp (a), VEGF, tPA, and PAI-1 look like good candidates to be evaluated as DVT/PE prognostic factors.
Overexpression of ZEB2 at the Invasion Front of Colorectal Cancer Is an Independent Prognostic Marker and Regulates Tumor Invasion <i>In Vitro</i>
Authors: Christoph Kahlert, Saleh Lahes, Praveen Radhakrishnan, Shamik Dutta, Carolin Mogler, Esther Herpel, Karsten Brand, Gunnar Steinert, Martin Schneider, Martin Mollenhauer, Christoph Reissfelder, Fee Klupp, Johannes Fritzmann, Christina Wunder, Axel Benner, Matthias Kloor, Cathrin Huth, Pietro Contin, Alexis Ulrich, Moritz Koch, Jürgen Weitz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in tumor invasion and dissemination. EMT occurs predominantly at the tumor edge where it is induced by cytokines, the extracellular matrix environment, or hypoxia. In the tumor cell, it is further mediated by several transcription factors and microRNAs. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of EMT-associated genes at the invasive front in colorectal cancer and to evaluate their prognostic significance. Experimental Design: We evaluated the expression of 13 EMT-associated genes at the invasion front of 30 colorectal liver metastases by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunostaining against zinc finger E-box–binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) was carried out on 175 primary colorectal cancer specimens and 30 colorectal liver metastases and correlated to clinical and histopathologic data. DLD-1 cells were transfected with siRNA and subjected to migration and invasion assays. Results: Gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry showed an upregulation of ZEB2 at the invasion front in primary colorectal cancer and liver metastases. Overexpression of ZEB2 at the invasion front correlated significantly with tumor stage in primary colorectal cancer. Moreover, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed overexpression of ZEB2 at the invasion front as an independent prognostic marker for cancer-specific survival. Downregulation of ZEB2 by siRNA decreased the migration and invasion capacity of DLD-1 cells in vitro. Conclusions: Overexpression of ZEB2 at the invasion front correlates with tumor progression and predicts cancer-specific survival in primary colorectal cancer. Therefore, ZEB2 may be interesting as biomarker and potential target for treatment of colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 17(24); 7654–63. ©2011 AACR.
Chronotropic stimulation: a primary effector for release of atrial natriuretic factor.
Authors: G E Bilder, P K Siegl, T L Schofield, P A Friedman
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Release of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) following an elevation in heart rate is thought to be mediated primarily by a change in atrial stretch. To evaluate the direct effect of chronotropic stimulation on ANF release, isolated rat left atria were electrically paced (1-9 Hz) at constant resting tension (0.5-4 g), and the amount of immunoreactive ANF (IRANF) released at each frequency and tension was quantitated with a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Our results show that at controlled resting tensions greater than 1 g, chronotropic stimulation increased IRANF secretion in a manner dependent on the pacing frequency; rapid atrial rates (e.g., 8 and 9 Hz) were necessary to release ANF at tensions of 1 g or less. Resting tension influenced the magnitude of the secretory response to electrical stimulation. Release of IRANF with contraction frequency was transient in nature and, at high frequencies, was associated with a decrease in developed (systolic) tension in accordance with the negative force-frequency relation inherent in the rat heart. When evaluated at a single diastolic tension and pacing frequency, IRANF release was positively correlated with systolic tension. ANF released under in vitro conditions was approximately 3,000 Da, in agreement with the size of the physiologically circulating form. In atria from reserpinized rats, evidence for involvement of catecholamines in chronotropic-stimulated ANF release was suggested. The presence of lidocaine (5 x 10(-4) M) had no effect on rate-induced ANF secretion. Therefore, chronotropic stimulation releases ANF independently of changes in atrial stretch. The magnitude of this response depends on a combination of pacing frequency and diastolic tension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reciprocal Antagonism Between Estrogen Receptor and NF-κB Activity In Vivo
Authors: Mark J. Evans, Amy Eckert, KehDih Lai, Steven J. Adelman, Douglas C. Harnish
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

The functional interaction, or “cross-talk,” between estrogen receptor (ER) and the proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB demonstrated in vitro has been suggested to play a role in estrogen prevention of cardiovascular disease. Here, we demonstrate that this reciprocal cross-talk occurs in vivo. Ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice fed an atherogenic diet had increased hepatic levels of active NF-κB and numerous inflammatory genes, including MHC invariant chain (Ii), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and RANTES. Treatment with 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE) strongly blocked induction of these genes but had no effect on their basal expression levels. ER was required for this activity, because the antagonist ICI 182,780 completely blocked the inhibitory activity of EE. Gene activation by EE was not required for inhibition of inflammatory gene expression, because both the phytoestrogen genistein and low doses of EE were effective in blocking inflammatory gene induction without inducing marker genes such as intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) or myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (IPS). The in vivo transcriptional interference was reciprocal, with EE induction of ITF and IPS greatly reduced in animals fed the atherogenic diet versus chow-fed controls. This interference was specific to the liver, because diet had no effect on uterine weight increases produced by EE. Transfection experiments confirmed that the extent of inhibition of ER-mediated transcription by inflammatory stimuli correlated with the extent of NF-κB activation. These results suggest that the cross-talk between ER and NF-κB does occur in vivo and may indeed contribute significantly to the cardioprotective effects of estrogen.
Enhanced liver fibrosis test can predict clinical outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: J. Parkes, P. Roderick, S. Harris, C. Day, D. Mutimer, J. Collier, M. Lombard, G. Alexander, J. Ramage, G. Dusheiko, M. Wheatley, C. Gough, A. Burt, W. Rosenberg
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Clinicians use fibrosis in a liver biopsy to predict clinical outcomes of chronic liver disease. The performance of non-invasive tests has been evaluated against histological assessment of fibrosis but use of clinical outcomes as the reference standard would be ideal. The enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) test was derived and validated in a large cohort of patients and shown to have high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve (AUC)=0.80 95% CI 0.76 to 0.85) in identification of significant fibrosis on biopsy. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate ELF performance in predicting clinical outcomes by following up the original ELF cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients recruited to the ELF study at seven English centres were followed up for liver morbidity and mortality by examination of clinical data. Defaulting/discharged patients were followed up by family practitioner questionnaires. Primary outcome measure was liver-related morbidity/liver-related death. <h3>Results</h3> 457 patients were followed up (median 7 years), with ascertainment of clinical status in 92%. There were 61 liver-related outcomes (39 deaths). Survival analysis showed that the ELF score predicts liver outcomes, with people having the highest ELF scores being significantly more likely to have clinical outcomes than those in lower-score groups. A Cox proportional hazards model showed fully adjusted HRs of 75 (ELF score 12.52–16.67), 20 (10.426–12.51) and 5 (8.34–10.425) compared with patients with ELF &lt;8.34. A unit change in ELF is associated with a doubling of risk of liver-related outcome. <h3>Conclusions</h3> An ELF test can predict clinical outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease and may be a useful prognostic tool in clinical practice.
Quality of lite in Beheet's syndrome: 335 patients surveyed
Authors: S. Blackford, A.Y. Finlay, D.L. Roberts
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Quality of lite in Beheet's syndrome: 335 patients surveyed Get access S. Blackford, S. Blackford Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.Y. Finlay, A.Y. Finlay Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.L. Roberts D.L. Roberts Singleton Hospital, Swansea, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 2, 1 February 1997, Page 293, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb14924.x Published: 01 February 1997
On an evolutionary model of sex differences in mathematics: Do the data support the theory?
Authors: Alan Feingold
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract The target article draws on evolutionary theory to formulate a biosocial model of sex differences in quantitative abilities. Unfortunately, the data do not support some of the crucial hypotheses. The male advantage in geometry is not appreciably greater than the male advantagi in algebra, and the greater male variability in mathematics cited by Gear is not cross-culturally invariant.
An autocrine role for urokinase in phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of myeloid cell lines.
Authors: A R Nusrat, H A Chapman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The human myeloid cell line HL60 secretes urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and expresses its receptor. When stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), both secretion of uPA and the expression of its receptor are up-regulated, and these cells differentiate to an adherent phenotype. This adhesive response is markedly reduced in the presence of uPA antibodies. The PMA response is restored by the addition of native uPA, an amino-terminal fragment of uPA (residues 1-143) devoid of proteolytic activity, or a synthetic peptide (residues 12-32) from the uPA growth factor domain known to mediate receptor binding. In contrast, the addition of catalytically active low molecular weight uPA, which is missing the growth factor domain, or a peptide from the catalytic domain (residues 247-266) is ineffective. The influence of uPA antibodies on a second marker of macrophage differentiation, cysteine proteinase activity, was also examined. Cysteine proteinase activity of HL60 cells is increased in PMA-treated cells after 24 h but it fails to increase in the presence of anti-uPA. This increase in cathepsin B-like activity is also restored by exogenous uPA. These experiments indicate that an autocrine interaction of the growth factor domain of uPA with its receptor mediates an essential step in PMA-mediated myeloid cell differentiation.
miR-7 Suppresses Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells By Modulating KLF4
Authors: Hiroshi Okuda, Fei Xing, Puspa R. Pandey, Sambad Sharma, Misako Watabe, Sudha K. Pai, Yin-Yuan Mo, Megumi Iiizumi-Gairani, Shigeru Hirota, Yin Liu, Kerui Wu, Radhika Pochampally, Kounosuke Watabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Despite significant improvement in survival rates of patients with breast cancer, prognosis of metastatic disease is still dismal. Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) are considered to play a role in metastatic progression of breast cancer; however, the exact pathologic role of CSCs is yet to be elucidated. In this report, we found that CSCs (CD24−/CD44+/ESA+) isolated from metastatic breast cell lines are significantly more metastatic than non-CSC populations in an organ-specific manner. The results of our microRNA (miRNA) profile analysis for these cells revealed that CSCs that are highly metastatic to bone and brain expressed significantly lower level of miR-7 and that this miRNA was capable of modulating one of the essential genes for induced pluripotent stem cell, KLF4. Interestingly, high expression of KLF4 was significantly and inversely correlated to brain but not bone metastasis-free survival of patients with breast cancer, and we indeed found that the expression of miR-7 significantly suppressed the ability of CSCs to metastasize to brain but not to bone in our animal model. We also examined the expression of miR-7 and KLF4 in brain-metastatic lesions and found that these genes were significantly down- or upregulated, respectively, in the tumor cells in brain. Furthermore, the results of our in vitro experiments indicate that miR-7 attenuates the abilities of invasion and self-renewal of CSCs by modulating KLF4 expression. These results suggest that miR-7 and KLF4 may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for brain metastasis of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 73(4); 1434–44. ©2012 AACR.
20 years of research and advocacy for a healthy and tobacco-free environment
Authors: T. Sigsgaard, L. Clancy, F. Forastiere, D. Heederik, C. Janson, B. Lundbäck, C. Jiménez Ruiz, G. Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Gastrointestinal (GI) conditions are common in women of childbearing age. They often present before pregnancy but can arise <i>de novo</i> during pregnancy. The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy can influence the differential diagnosis of common GI presentations, affect the interpretation of diagnostic tests and restrict the use of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. In this article, we summarise the clinical features, investigation and management of common GI and liver conditions that are incidental to pregnancy, and describe the specific features of pregnancy-related disorders that are less frequently encountered by general physicians. Newer developments in areas that are increasingly encountered in obstetric medical practice, including pregnancy after bariatric procedures, are also described.
Enteral Omega-3 Fatty Acid, γ-Linolenic Acid, and Antioxidant Supplementation in Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Todd W. Rice
Journal: JAMA (2011)

The omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, along with γ-linolenic acid and antioxidants, may modulate systemic inflammatory response and improve oxygenation and outcomes in patients with acute lung injury.
Prevalence of Diabetes Among Hispanics/Latinos From Diverse Backgrounds: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Neil Schneiderman, Maria Llabre, Catherine C. Cowie, Janice Barnhart, Mercedes Carnethon, Linda C. Gallo, Aida L. Giachello, Gerardo Heiss, Robert C. Kaplan, Lisa M. LaVange, Yanping Teng, Leonel Villa-Caballero, M. Larissa Avilés-Santa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

We examine differences in prevalence of diabetes and rates of awareness and control among adults from diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).The HCHS/SOL, a prospective, multicenter, population-based study, enrolled from four U.S. metropolitan areas from 2008 to 2011 16,415 18-74-year-old people of Hispanic/Latino descent. Diabetes was defined by either fasting plasma glucose, impaired glucose tolerance 2 h after a glucose load, glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C), or documented use of hypoglycemic agents (scanned medications).Diabetes prevalence varied from 10.2% in South Americans and 13.4% in Cubans to 17.7% in Central Americans, 18.0% in Dominicans and Puerto Ricans, and 18.3% in Mexicans (P < 0.0001). Prevalence related positively to age (P < 0.0001), BMI (P < 0.0001), and years living in the U.S. (P = 0.0010) but was negatively related to education (P = 0.0005) and household income (P = 0.0043). Rate of diabetes awareness was 58.7%, adequate glycemic control (A1C <7%, 53 mmol/mol) was 48.0%, and having health insurance among those with diabetes was 52.4%.Present findings indicate a high prevalence of diabetes but considerable diversity as a function of Hispanic background. The low rates of diabetes awareness, diabetes control, and health insurance in conjunction with the negative associations between diabetes prevalence and both household income and education among Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S. have important implications for public health policies.
THE PATHOLOGY OF OSSEOUS TISSUE
Authors: A. M. Drennan
Journal: BMJ (1935)

The title of this discussion embraces so many conditions that it is impossible in the time allotted to do more than mention some of the general principles and to touch on a few special points which miay be of interest.Although " calcification " forms the subject of a separate discussion it cannot be omitted altogether in dealing with osseous tissue.Tt may be asked: wherein does the pathology of osseous tissue differ from that of any other connective tissue?The answer is that such tissue is hard, owing to its mineral-mainly calcium-content.The hardness and calcium content modify the pathological changes in several ways.Any factor which affects calcium metabolism generally will affect bone.Also when dead bone has to be removed the process is a relatively slow one owing to this hardness.Further, for calcium to be properly laid down in bone, phosphorus is essential, so that bone pathology comes to be complicated by this Ca-P relation- ship and all the factors of balance, enzyme action, and hydrogen-ion concentration.In a sense calcification in bone is a fortuitious event, an afterthought as it were.An osteoid matrix is required before the calcium can be laid down, and the calcium may be removed from and redeposited in the original matrix.
Clinical Human Papillomavirus Detection Forecasts Cervical Cancer Risk in Women Over 18 Years of Follow-Up
Authors: Philip E. Castle, Andrew G. Glass, Brenda B. Rush, David R. Scott, Nicolas Wentzensen, Julia C. Gage, Julie Buckland, Greg Rydzak, Attila T. Lorincz, Sholom Wacholder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

To describe the long-term (≥ 10 years) benefits of clinical human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing for cervical precancer and cancer risk prediction.
Age-Dependent Decline of Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Impact of Remission Definition and Symptom Type
Authors: J Biederman, E Mick, S V Faraone
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Symptom decline in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was examined with different definitions of remission.METHOD: Symptoms in 128 boys were measured five times over 4 years. The prevalences of syndromatic (less than full syndrome), symptomatic (less than subthreshold diagnosis), and functional (full recovery) remission were estimated as a function of age with multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: Age was significantly associated with decline in total ADHD symptoms and symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Symptoms of inattention remitted for fewer subjects than did symptoms of hyperactivity or impulsivity. The proportion of subjects experiencing remission varied considerably with the definition used (highest for syndromatic remission, lowest for functional remission).CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that differences in reported remission rates reflect the definition used rather than the disorder’s course. They provide systematic support for the clinical observation that hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms tend to decline at a higher rate than inattention symptoms.
Clinical value of the guanase screening test in donor blood for prevention of posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis
Authors: Susumu Ito, Yasuhiro Tsuji, Naoyuki Kitagawa, Ishihara Akihiko, Jyoji Syundo, Yoshiyuki Tamura, Seiichiro Kishi, Hiroyoshi Mori
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

We adopted an automated method for measuring guanase in donor blood and examined the incidence of posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis when donor blood with high guanase activities was excluded. Sixty-seven (2.4%) of 2,826 units were excluded from use in transfusion because they had guanase activities above 1.71 units per liter. Of 112 recipients, 8 (7%) developed posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis. The incidence of posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis was 17% before adoption of the guanase screening test and 7% after its adoption. Thus, the incidence of posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis was significantly decreased after adoption of this screening test. This study shows that, for prevention of posttransfusional non-A, non-B hepatitis, it is important to screen donor blood for guanase activity and discard blood with high activities.