tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual presentation of secondary pleural hydatidosis
Authors: X Aguilar, J Fernandez-Muixi, R Magarolas, A Sauri, F Vidal, C Richart
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Although pleural involvement is relatively common in cystic hydatid disease, one of the rarest and least known complications is secondary pleural hydatidosis. We report the case of a patient who presented with polycystic secondary pleural hydatidosis 4 yrs after treatment for a pyopneumothorax caused by rupture of a pulmonary cyst near the pleural space. Due to the coexistence of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surgery was ruled out. The patient was treated with albendazole, with a favourable outcome.
On a Condition of the Urine Met with in Phthisis
Authors: W. H. White
Journal: BMJ (1892)

WHILST looking out for the dark-coloured urine sometimes found in pernicious aniemia, I examined the urines of some other patients, especially those with phthisis, as I happened to have several of them in the hospital at the same time.The urine of nine phthisical patientswas examined.Two showed nothing abnormal, but I found with the remaining seven the urine often remained acid a very long time, in some instances hs long as four months, and many specimens gradually be- came of such a dark blackish-brown colour that, when seen in quantity, the fluid appeared quite black.These two phe- nomena may be described separately.The Acidity.-Out of 182 specimens examined, 4 remained acid for over 100 days, 3 between 50 and 100 days, 14 between 30 and 50 days, 24 between 20 and 30 days, 19 between 15 and 20 days, 32 between 10 and 15 days, 50 between 5 and 10 days, and 36 less than 5 days.These figures are sufficient to show that the urine from these patients remained acid much longer than most urines would have done.This is especially
Biochemical basis of heart function. XII. Sodium-potassium stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity in the perfused rat heart made to fail by substrate-lack
Authors: N. S. DHALLA, J. N. SINGH, M. FEDELESOVA, V. BALASUBRAMANIAN, D. B. MCNAMARA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article Biochemical basis of heart function. XII. Sodium-potassium stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity in the perfused rat heart made to fail by substrate-lack Get access N. S. DHALLA, N. S. DHALLA From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. N. SINGH, J. N. SINGH From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. FEDELESOVA, M. FEDELESOVA 2 From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3 2Dr M. Fedelesova was a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Muscular Dystrophy Association of Canada. Her present address is: Institute of Experimental Surgery, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar V. BALASUBRAMANIAN, V. BALASUBRAMANIAN From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. B. MCNAMARA D. B. MCNAMARA From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E OW3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 1974, Pages 227–236, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.2.227 Published: 01 March 1974
Organ distribution of the three rat endothelin messenger RNAs and the effects of ischemia on renal gene expression.
Authors: J D Firth, P J Ratcliffe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

To determine the organ distribution of production of the three endothelin (ET) isopeptides, we have developed three ribonuclease protection assays specific for the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of rat ETs 1, 2, and 3.12 organs from adult Sprague-Dawley rats were examined: heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, testis, muscle, salivary gland, and brain. The mRNA for ET1 was five times more abundant in the lung than in any other organ studied, moderate expression was seen in the large intestine, and lower levels of mRNA were detected in each of the other organs examined. ET2 was expressed at high level in both large and small intestine and at low level in stomach, muscle, and heart, but ET2 mRNA could not be detected elsewhere. ET3 mRNA was found in all organs, particularly in small intestine, lung, kidney, and large intestine. Because of reports suggesting that ETs might be involved in the hypoperfusion and hypofiltration observed in postischemic kidneys, we have also studied levels of mRNA in kidneys that had previously been subjected to 25 or 45 min of clamping of the renal pedicle. At 6 h after 45 min of ischemia, ET1 mRNA increased to a peak of 421 +/- 69% (mean +/- SEM, n = 3) of that in a standard renal RNA preparation. By contrast, ET3 mRNA decreased in the postischemic organ, falling to a value of 19 +/- 2% of standard at the same time point. The effects of ischemia on ET1 and ET3 mRNAs were long-lasting, with elevation of ET1 and depression of ET3 persisting for days. ET2 mRNA remained undetectable throughout. These findings (a) support a role for ET1 in postischemic renal vascular phenomena and (b) demonstrate a situation in which the expression of ET isoforms is clearly subject to differential regulation.
UK health performance: findings of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Authors: Christopher JL Murray, Michael A Richards, John N Newton, Kevin A Fenton, H Ross Anderson, Charles Atkinson, Derrick Bennett, Eduardo Bernabé, Hannah Blencowe, Rupert Bourne, Tasanee Braithwaite, Carol Brayne, Nigel G Bruce, Traolach S Brugha, Peter Burney, Mukesh Dherani, Helen Dolk, Karen Edmond, Majid Ezzati, Abraham D Flaxman, Tom D Fleming, Greg Freedman, David Gunnell, Roderick J Hay, Sally J Hutchings, Summer Lockett Ohno, Rafael Lozano, Ronan A Lyons, Wagner Marcenes, Mohsen Naghavi, Charles R Newton, Neil Pearce, Dan Pope, Lesley Rushton, Joshua A Salomon, Kenji Shibuya, Theo Vos, Haidong Wang, Hywel C Williams, Anthony D Woolf, Alan D Lopez, Adrian Davis
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Haplotype Analysis of <i>CYP11A1</i> Identifies Promoter Variants Associated with Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Brian L. Yaspan, Joan P. Breyer, Qiuyin Cai, Qi Dai, J. Bradford Elmore, Isaac Amundson, Kevin M. Bradley, Xiao-Ou Shu, Yu-Tang Gao, William D. Dupont, Wei Zheng, Jeffrey R. Smith
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The CYP11A1 gene encodes the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step of steroidogenesis. A large number of epidemiologic studies have implicated the duration and degree of endogenous estrogen exposure in the development of breast cancer in women. Here, we conduct a systematic investigation of the role of genetic variation of the CYP11A1 gene in breast cancer risk in a study of 1193 breast cancer cases and 1310 matched controls from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. We characterize the genetic architecture of the CYP11A1 gene in a Chinese study population. We then genotype tagging polymorphisms to capture common variation at the locus for tests of association. Variants designating a haplotype encompassing the gene promoter are significantly associated with both increased expression (P = 1.6e−6) and increased breast cancer risk: heterozygote age-adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.51 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.19–1.91]; homozygote age-adjusted OR, 2.94 (95% CI, 1.22–7.12), test for trend, P = 5.0e−5. Among genes controlling endogenous estrogen metabolism, CYP11A1 harbors common variants that may influence expression to significantly modify risk of breast cancer. [Cancer Res 2007;67(12):5673–82]
uPAR and cathepsin B inhibition enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in gliomainitiating cells
Authors: R. R. Malla, S. Gopinath, K. Alapati, B. Gorantla, C. S. Gondi, J. S. Rao
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)

Glioblastomas present as diffuse tumors with invasion into normal brain tissue and frequently recur or progress after radiation as focal masses because of glioma-initiating cells. The role of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and cathepsin B in stem-like phenotype has been extensively studied in several solid tumors. In the present study, we demonstrated that selection of glioma-initiating cells using CD133 expression leads to a specific enrichment of CD133(+) cells in both U87 and 4910 cells. In addition, CD133(+) cells exhibited a considerable amount of other stem cell markers, such as Nestin and Sox-2. Radiation treatment significantly enhanced uPAR and cathepsin B levels in glioma-initiating cells. To downregulate radiation-induced uPAR and cathepsin B expression, we used a bicistronic shRNA construct that simultaneously targets both uPAR and cathepsin B (pCU). Downregulation of uPAR and cathepsin B using pCU decreased radiation-enhanced uPAR and cathepsin B levels and caused DNA damage-induced apoptosis in glioma cell lines and glioma-initiating cells. The most striking finding of this study is that knockdown of uPAR and cathepsin B inhibited ongoing transcription by suppressing BrUTP incorporation at γH2AX foci. In addition, uPAR and cathepsin B gene silencing inversely regulated survivin and H2AX expression in both glioma cells and glioma-initiating cells. Pretreatment with pCU reduced radiation-enhanced expression of uPAR, cathepsin B, and survivin and enhanced DNA damage in pre-established glioma in nude mice. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that uPAR and cathepsin B inhibition might serve as an adjunct to radiation therapy to target glioma-initiating cells and, therefore, for the treatment of glioma.
Mitral valve replacement in the baboon (Papio ursinus) and the human with the University of Stellenbosch mitral valve prosthesis
Authors: P. M. Barnard, J. J. Heydenrych
Journal: Thorax (1969)

To study the problem of thromboembolism that occurs following the use of prosthetic valves, the mitral valve was replaced in 20 Cape Chagma baboons with the University of Stellenbosch (U.S.B.) mitral valve prosthesis. In the absence of anticoagulants massive thrombus invariably formed on the metal portion of the prosthesis when the latter was left uncovered by material that allows for tissue ingrowth. Smooth, fairly well controlled tissue ingrowth occurred when the prosthetic ring was covered by Dacron velour material. Massive thrombus formation was never encountered although small fibrin thrombi, a potential source of emboli, became loosely attached to the Dacron velour covered prosthetic ring during the first eight post-operative weeks. Thereafter the smooth ingrowth of living tissue into the prosthesis appears capable of preventing thromboembolism. The clinical use of anticoagulants during the initial 3-4 post-operative months is recommended in view of our experimental findings and clinical experience of early embolism that occurred in 3 of 10 patients in whom the U.S.B. Dacron velour covered prosthesis was used in the absence of anticoagulants. This is the first reported study in which a sub-human primate was used to study the problem of thromboembolism associated with prosthetic valve replacement. The baboon can be highly recommended for this purpose.
Electroacupuncture for thalidomide/bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma: a feasibility study
Authors: M Kay Garcia, Lorenzo Cohen, Ying Guo, Yuhong Zhou, Bing You, Joseph Chiang, Robert Z Orlowski, Donna Weber, Jatin Shah, Raymond Alexanian, Sheeba Thomas, Jorge Romaguera, Liang Zhang, Maria Badillo, Yiming Chen, Qi Wei, Richard Lee, Kay Delasalle, Vivian Green, Michael Wang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2014)

This single-arm study evaluated feasibility, safety, and initial efficacy of electroacupuncture for thalidomide/bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (PN) in cancer patients with multiple myeloma.Patients with neuropathy ≥ grade 2 received 20 acupuncture treatments over 9 weeks.For the 19 evaluable patients, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecological Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG/NTX) mean (SD) scores improved significantly between baseline and week 13 (20.8 [9.6] vs 13.2 [8.5], p = 0.0002). Moderate effect size differences began on week 4, with the largest effect size differences found at week 9 for FACT/GOG/NTX scores, worst pain in the last 24 hours, and pain severity (Cohen's d = 1.43, 1.19, and 1.08, respectively) and continuing through week 13 (Cohen's d = 0.86, 0.88, and 0.90, respectively). From baseline to week 13, additional significant improvements were seen as follows: postural stability (1.0 [0.6] vs 0.8 [0.4], p = 0.02); coin test (10.0 [7.4] vs 5.6 [1.9], p < 0.0001); button test (96.1 [144.4] vs 54.9 [47.3], p < 0.0001); and walking test (21.6 [10.0] vs 17.2 [7.7], p = 0.0003). No significant changes were seen with NCS.Acupuncture may help patients experiencing thalidomide- or bortezomib-induced PN. Larger, randomized, clinical trials are needed.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00891618.
BAFF, a Novel Ligand of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family, Stimulates B Cell Growth
Authors: Pascal Schneider, Fabienne MacKay, Véronique Steiner, Kay Hofmann, Jean-Luc Bodmer, Nils Holler, Christine Ambrose, Pornsri Lawton, Sarah Bixler, Hans Acha-Orbea, Danila Valmori, Pedro Romero, Christiane Werner-Favre, Rudolph H. Zubler, Jeffrey L. Browning, Jürg Tschopp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family induce pleiotropic biological responses, including cell growth, differentiation, and even death. Here we describe a novel member of the TNF family, designated BAFF (for B cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family), which is expressed by T cells and dendritic cells. Human BAFF was mapped to chromosome 13q32-34. Membrane-bound BAFF was processed and secreted through the action of a protease whose specificity matches that of the furin family of proprotein convertases. The expression of BAFF receptor appeared to be restricted to B cells. Both membrane-bound and soluble BAFF induced proliferation of anti-immunoglobulin M–stimulated peripheral blood B lymphocytes. Moreover, increased amounts of immunoglobulins were found in supernatants of germinal center–like B cells costimulated with BAFF. These results suggest that BAFF plays an important role as costimulator of B cell proliferation and function.
TAK1/JNK and p38 have opposite effects on rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Bernd Schnabl, Cynthia A. Bradham, Brydon L. Bennett, Anthony M. Manning, Branko Stefanovic, David A. Brenner
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

After liver injury, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) undergo a process of activation with expression of smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), an increased proliferation rate, and a dramatic increase in synthesis of type I collagen. The intracellular signaling mechanisms of activation and perpetuation of the activated phenotype in HSCs are largely unknown. In this study the role of the stress-activated protein kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, were evaluated in primary cultures of rat HSCs. The effect of JNK was assessed by using an adenovirus expressing a dominant negative form of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) (Ad5dnTAK1) and a new selective pharmacologic inhibitor SP600125. The effect of p38 was assessed with the selective pharmacologic inhibitor SB203580. These kinases were inhibited starting either in quiescent HSCs (culture day 1) or in activated HSCs (culture day 5). Although blocking TAK1/JNK and p38 decreased the expression of α-SMA protein in early stages of HSC activation, no effect was observed when TAK1/JNK or p38 were inhibited in activated HSCs. JNK inhibition increased and p38 inhibition decreased collagen α1(I) mRNA level as measured by RNase protection assays, with maximal effects observed in early stages of HSC activation. Furthermore, TAK1/JNK inhibition decreased HSC proliferation, whereas p38 inhibition led to an increased proliferation rate of HSCs, independently of its activation status. These results show novel roles for the TAK1/JNK pathway and p38 during HSC activation in culture. Despite similar activators of TAK1/JNK and p38, their functions in HSCs are distinct and opposed.
Multifunctional role of Erk5 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Xonia Carvajal-Vergara, Soraya Tabera, Juan C. Montero, Azucena Esparís-Ogando, Ricardo López-Pérez, Gema Mateo, Norma Gutiérrez, Marisa Parmo-Cabañas, Joaquín Teixidó, Jesús F. San Miguel, Atanasio Pandiella
Journal: Blood (2005)
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevation in Ambulatory Cardiac Patients
Authors: CHARLES R. JORGENSEN, THEODORE S. ZIMMERMAN, YANG WANG
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Activity of total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and that of the heat-stable isozyme (LDH-1) was measured by the method of Strandjord and Clayson in the serum of 62 cardiac patients with congenital and valvular heart disease before and after cardiac catheterization and at follow-up examination after cardiac surgery. A universal elevation of both total and heat-stable LDH was found in patients with prosthetic heart valves of several types. Lesser degrees of abnormalities were seen in a number of the patients without prosthetic devices. Some patients had a small increase in serum enzyme activity the day after cardiac catheterization. The evidence presented implicates hemolysis in the production of these abnormalities. It is suggested that all patients with prosthetic valves and a significant percentage of patients with severe hemodynamic abnormalities have chronic, usually compensated, intravascular hemolysis secondary to mechanical damage to red blood cells. These findings must be kept in mind in interpreting serum LDH determinations in patients with valvular prostheses or congenital and valvular heart disease who present with complaints of chest pain.
Cellular Telephone Use and Cancer Risk: Update of a Nationwide Danish Cohort
Authors: Joachim Schüz, Rune Jacobsen, Jørgen H. Olsen, John D. Boice, Joseph K. McLaughlin, Christoffer Johansen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)

Background: The widespread use of cellular telephones has heightened concerns about possible adverse health effects. The objective of this study was to investigate cancer risk among Danish cellular telephone users who were followed for up to 21 years. Methods: This study is an extended follow-up of a large nationwide cohort of 420 095 persons whose first cellular telephone subscription was between 1982 and 1995 and who were followed through 2002 for cancer incidence. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated by dividing the number of observed cancer cases in the cohort by the number expected in the Danish population. Results: A total of 14 249 cancers were observed (SIR = 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.93 to 0.97) for men and women combined. Cellular telephone use was not associated with increased risk for brain tumors (SIR = 0.97), acoustic neuromas (SIR = 0.73), salivary gland tumors (SIR = 0.77), eye tumors (SIR = 0.96), or leukemias (SIR = 1.00). Among long-term subscribers of 10 years or more, cellular telephone use was not associated with increased risk for brain tumors (SIR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.95), and there was no trend with time since first subscription. The risk for smoking-related cancers was decreased among men (SIR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.86 to 0.91) but increased among women (SIR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.21). Additional data on income and smoking prevalence, primarily among men, indicated that cellular telephone users who started subscriptions in the mid-1980s appeared to have a higher income and to smoke less than the general population. Conclusions: We found no evidence for an association between tumor risk and cellular telephone use among either short-term or long-term users. Moreover, the narrow confidence intervals provide evidence that any large association of risk of cancer and cellular telephone use can be excluded.
The effect of twice-daily aclidinium bromide on cough and sputum in patients with COPD: Results from phase III studies
Authors: Lorcan McGarvey, Alyn Morice, Jacky Smith, Surinder Birring, Ferran Chuecos, Beatriz Seoane, Diana Jarreta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background 

Chronic cough and sputum production are troublesome symptoms in COPD. Three Phase III studies assessed the effect of aclidinium 400 µg twice-daily (BID) on cough and sputum severity in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD (not selected for these symptoms).

Method 

These were randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Patients were randomized to BID placebo, aclidinium 200 µg or aclidinium 400 µg (ACCORD COPD I [12 weeks] and ATTAIN [24 weeks]) and placebo, aclidinium 400 µg or tiotropium 18 µg once-daily (LAS39; 6 weeks). Changes from baseline in EXAcerbations of Chronic pulmonary disease Tool-Respiratory Symptoms (E-RS) total and cough/sputum domain scores and morning/night-time cough and phlegm symptoms (symptom questionnaires) were assessed.

Results 

The ITT population included 559 (mean age 64 years; 53% male; mean post-bronchodilator FEV1 54% predicted), 819 (62 years; 67% male; FEV1 57% predicted) and 414 (62 years; 67% male; FEV1 56% predicted) patients in ACCORD, ATTAIN, and LAS39, respectively.

E-RS cough/sputum domain scores were lower with aclidinium 400 µg than placebo (both p<0.01; Table). Morning and night-time cough severity, morning difficulty bringing up phlegm and night-time sputum production were also reduced with aclidinium 400 µg (all p<0.05 vs placebo; Table).

Conclusions 

Aclidinium 400 µg BID may provide improvements in cough and sputum expectoration.

![Figure][1]  [1]: pending:yes
Human infection with avian influenza A H7N9 virus: an assessment of clinical severity
Authors: Hongjie Yu, Benjamin J Cowling, Luzhao Feng, Eric HY Lau, Qiaohong Liao, Tim K Tsang, Zhibin Peng, Peng Wu, Fengfeng Liu, Vicky J Fang, Honglong Zhang, Ming Li, Lingjia Zeng, Zhen Xu, Zhongjie Li, Huiming Luo, Qun Li, Zijian Feng, Bin Cao, Weizhong Yang, Joseph T Wu, Yu Wang, Gabriel M Leung
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Effects of a water-impermeable, non-silicone-based occlusive dressing on keloids
Authors: Harlan C. Bieley, Brian Berman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1996)

The use of silicone-based occlusive gel and sheet dressings for the treatment of keloids has been reported to be effective, l-3 Sawada and Sone 4, 5 proposed that occlusion and hydration are the principal factors leading to the antikeloidal effects of topically appfied creams, rather than the presence of silicone in these creams. On the basis of their hypothesis, we treated 21 keloids with a water-impermeable, nonsilicone-based occlusive dressing that was worn continuously for 2 months; we then evaluated its efficacy.
Why University-Industry Partnerships Matter
Authors: Anthony M. Boccanfuso
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2010)

Basic research, much of which emanates from the outstanding academic laboratories located in the United States and abroad, is the foundation for the innovation that has created the new therapies, materials, and processes that benefit humankind and generate wealth for companies that successfully translate discoveries to commercial success. This is not a linear, one-way process; optimizing the process of discovery to innovation demands dynamic and multifaceted approaches to teaming at the university-industry interface.