tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Whole Body Hyperthermia: A Phase-l Trial of a Potential Adjuvant to Chemotherapy
Authors: JOAN M. BULL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Fourteen patients with a variety of neoplasms not responsive to standard forms of therapy underwent whole body hyperthermia for a maximum 4 h at 41.8 degrees C. This was a phase-I cancer trial designed to develop whole body hyperthermia as an adjuvant to systemic chemotherapy. Intravenous analgesia was used to sedate patients, obviating the need for general endotracheal anesthesia. Hyperthermia was induced by means of a high-flow water perfusion suit. Cardiovascular performance was evaluated using a flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter. Patients developed a twofold mean increase in cardiac index without evidence of cardiac damage by ECG or creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes. An acute fall in serum magnesium and phosphate and an acute rise in arterial pH, serum CPK values, and granulocyte count occurred in all patients. There were no clotting abnormalities. Toxicity included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and transient elevations in liver enzymes. Four patients were febrile for 36 h after initial defervescence. Peripheral neuropathy developed in four. These results show that with carefully monitored conditions whole body hyperthermia is feasible.
Measurement invariance of the Illness Invalidation Inventory (3*I) across language, rheumatic disease and gender
Authors: Marianne Belia Kool, Rens van de Schoot, Isabel López-Chicheri García, Ricarda Mewes, José A P Da Silva, Karoline Vangronsveld, Andreas A J Wismeijer, Mark A Lumley, Henriët van Middendorp, Johannes W J Bijlsma, Geert Crombez, Winfried Rief, Rinie Geenen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Objectives The Illness Invalidation Inventory (3*I) assesses patients’ perception of responses of others that are perceived as denying, lecturing, not supporting and not acknowledging the condition of the patient. It includes two factors: ‘discounting’ and ‘lack of understanding’. In order to use the 3*I to compare and pool scores across groups and countries, the questionnaire must have measurement invariance; that is, it should measure identical concepts with the same factor structure across groups. The aim of this study was to examine measurement invariance of the 3*I across rheumatic diseases, gender and languages. Methods Participants with rheumatic disease from various countries completed an online study using the 3*I, which was presented in Dutch, English, French, German, Portuguese and Spanish; 6057 people with rheumatic diseases participated. Single and multiple group confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the factorial structure and measurement invariance of the 3*I with M plus . Results The model with strong measurement invariance, that is, equal factor loadings and thresholds (distribution cut-points) across gender and rheumatic disease (fibromyalgia vs other rheumatic diseases) had the best fit estimates for the Dutch version, and good fit estimates across the six language versions. Conclusions The 3*I showed measurement invariance across gender, rheumatic disease and language. Therefore, it is appropriate to compare and pool scores of the 3*I across groups. Future research may use the questionnaire to examine antecedents and consequences of invalidation as well as the effect of treatments targeting invalidation.
Messenger RNA expression of the cytokine gene cluster, interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-4, IL-5, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects.
Authors: A B Kay, S Ying, V Varney, M Gaga, S R Durham, R Moqbel, A J Wardlaw, Q Hamid
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Cryostat sections from skin biopsies from 24-h allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions (LPR) in 14 human atopic subjects were hybridized with 35S-labeled RNA probes for a number of cytokines. mRNA was detected for interleukin 3 (IL-3) (8/14), IL-4 (10/14), IL-5 (11/14), and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (13/14). Only 5 of 14 gave hybridization signals for IL-2, and 0 of 14 for interferon gamma. Biopsies from diluent controls gave only occasional weak signals. These results suggest that cells infiltrating the site of the 24-h LPR transcribe mRNA for the IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, and GM-CSF gene cluster and support the hypothesis that atopy is associated with preferential activation of cells having a similar cytokine profile to the murine T helper type 2 subset.
Influence of immersion on respiratory requirements during30-min cycling exercise
Authors: P-H. Bréchat, J-P. Wolf, M-L Simon-Rigaud, N Bréchat, J-P Kantelip, S. Berthelay, J. Regnard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Immersion is considered to facilitate exercise-based rehabilitation. However, the drag effect of moving limbs in water, likely to increase the respiratory requirements at exercise, is not mentioned in many reports. The energetic and ventilatory requirements of 30 min steady state cycling exercise performed by healthy male subjects in air and during immersion up to the xiphoid in 33 degrees C water were compared. In the first experimental series nine subjects exercised at the same 60% maximal oxygen consumption (V9O2,max) in air and water. In the two ambient conditions, ventilatory variables had similar values, but the ergometric setting had to be reduced during water immersion so that the workload rated only 69+/-20 W (mean+/-SD) in water versus 121+/-32 W (p&lt;0.001) in air. In the second experimental series, the same ergometric work load (122 W) was achieved by nine subjects with an average V9O2 of 2,210+/-300 mL x min(-1) in air versus 2,868+/-268 mL x min(-1) in water (p&lt;0.001). Resting water immersion caused a marked trend for decreasing vital capacity (p=0.06), but no modification of other ventilatory variables. During exercise at similar V9O2, the average values of minute ventilation (V9E), tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fR), tidal inspiratory time (VT/tI) were not different between water and air. However, at similar ergometric workload, V9E, VT, fR, VT/tI and plasma lactate levels were significantly higher in water than in air. Such consequences of the drag effect of water upon limb movements have not been reported in previous studies relying on shorter exercise bouts. Thus, maintaining steady exercise levels in water either led to a decrease in the workload or required a 25% higher oxygen consumption than in air. These findings may be relevant to the prescription of water immersion rehabilitation programmes.
Inference of haplotypes from PCR-amplified samples of diploid populations.
Authors: A G Clark
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1990)

Direct sequencing of genomic DNA from diploid individuals leads to ambiguities on sequencing gels whenever there is more than one mismatching site in the sequences of the two orthologous copies of a gene. While these ambiguities cannot be resolved from a single sample without resorting to other experimental methods (such as cloning in the traditional way), population samples may be useful for inferring haplotypes. For each individual in the sample that is homozygous for the amplified sequence, there are no ambiguities in the identification of the allele's sequence. The sequences of other alleles can be inferred by taking the remaining sequence after "subtracting off" the sequencing ladder of each known site. Details of the algorithm for extracting allelic sequences from such data are presented here, along with some population-genetic considerations that influence the likelihood for success of the method. The algorithm also applies to the problem of inferring haplotype frequencies of closely linked restriction-site polymorphisms.
Intratumoral Immunization: A New Paradigm for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Aurélien Marabelle, Holbrook Kohrt, Christophe Caux, Ronald Levy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment is of prognostic and therapeutic import. These immune cell subsets can be heterogeneous and are composed of mature antigen-presenting cells, helper and effector cytotoxic T cells, toleragenic dendritic cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and regulatory T cells, among other cell types. With the development of novel drugs that target the immune system rather than the cancer cells, the tumor immune microenvironment is not only prognostic for overall patient outcome, but also predictive for likelihood of response to these immune-targeted therapies. Such therapies aim to reverse the cancer immunotolerance and trigger an effective antitumor immune response. Two major families of immunostimulatory drugs are currently in clinical development: pattern recognition receptor agonists (PRRago) and immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies (ISmAb). Despite their immune-targeted design, these agents have so far been developed clinically as if they were typical anticancer drugs. Here, we review the limitations of this conventional approach, specifically addressing the shortcomings of the usual schedules of intravenous infusions every 2 or 3 weeks. If the new modalities of immunotherapy target specific immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, it might be preferable to deliver them locally into the tumor rather than systemically. There is preclinical and clinical evidence that a therapeutic systemic antitumor immune response can be generated upon intratumoral immunomodulation. Moreover, preclinical results have shown that therapeutic synergy can be obtained by combining PRRagos and ISmAbs to the local tumor site. Clin Cancer Res; 20(7); 1747–56. ©2014 AACR.
Prospects of riboflavin carrier protein (RCP) as an antifertility vaccine in male and female mammals
Authors: P. Adiga
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1997)

Riboflavin carrier protein (RCP) is obligatorily involved in yolk deposition of the vitamin, riboflavin, in the developing oocyte of the hen. The production of this protein is inducible by oestrogen. It is evolutionarily conserved in terms of its physicochemical, immunological and functional characteristics. It is the prime mediator of vitamin supply to the developing fetus in mammals, including primates. Passive immunoneutralization of the protein terminates pregnancy in rats. Active immunization of rats and bonnet monkeys with avian RCP prevents pregnancy without causing any adverse physiological effects of the mother in terms of her vitamin status, reproductive cycles or reproductive-endocrine profile. Denatured, linearized RCP is more effective in eliciting neutralizing antibodies capable of interfering with embryonic viability either before or during peri-implantation stages. Two defined stretches of sequential epitopes, one located at the N-terminus and the other at the C-terminus of the protein have been identified. Active immunization with either of these epitopes conjugated with diptheria toxoid curtails pregnancy in rats and monkeys. Immunohistochemical localization of RCP on ovulated oocytes and early embryos shows that the antibodies cause degeneration only of early embryos. RCP is produced intra-testicularly and becomes localized on acrosomal surface of mammalian spermatozoa. Active immunization of male rats and monkeys with denatured RCP markedly reduces fertility by impairing the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. These findings suggest that RCP, or its defined fragments, could be a novel, first generation vaccine for regulating fertility in both the sexes.
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Authors: Bernard Coulie, MD, PhD, Michael Camilleri, MD
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1999)

Pseudo-obstruction syndromes are increasingly recognized in clinical practice. They result from impairment of intrinsic neuromuscular or extrinsic control of gut motility. Typically, pseudo-obstruction syndromes result in features suggestive of mechanical obstruction and bowel dilatation in the absence of any demonstrable obstruction or mucosal disease. The syndrome may affect any region of the gut. Less severe variants without bowel dilatation are diagnosed by measurement of gastrointestinal transit and pressure profiles. The aims of treatment are restoration of nutrition and hydration, symptom relief, normalization of intestinal propulsion with prokinetics, and suppression of bacterial overgrowth. Surgery plays a limited role, adjunctive to medical treatment, facilitating enteral nutrition and decompression by means of jejunostomy. Infrequently, resection of localized disease or intestinal transplantation are indicated. The roles of intestinal pacemakers (interstitial cells of Cajal) and genetic mutations in the etiology of pseudo-obstruction, as well as the cost-benefit ratio of transplantation for pseudo-obstruction, will be clarified in the future.
Pressures in the Pial Arterial Microcirculation of the Cat during Changes in Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure
Authors: Don D. Stromberg, James R. Fox
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Dynamic arterial blood pressures were recorded by micropuncture of 99 cortical surface arteries and arterioles in cats anesthetized with pentobarbital or chloralose and urethane, using the Wiederhielm servocontrolled micropipette pressure system incorporating pipette tips less than 0.5µ in diameter. During these measurements, systemic blood pressure was varied by supplemental intravenous administration of barbiturate, by intravenous administration of norepinephrine, or by arterial hemorrhage and reinfusion. Pial arterial blood pressure varied systematically with the changes in systemic blood pressure, forming a basis for analysis and synthesis of the results. Measurements in individual vessels indicated that the range of pressures and of pressure responses of the cortical surface vessels was variable with both vessel size and prevailing end-expiratory gas CO 2 content. Pooled data indicated that 39% of the loss in pressure head occurred in arteries upstream from the largest (300µ or more in diameter) surface arteries, 21% between these arteries and surface arterioles 50µ or less in diameter, and 40% downstream from the surface arterioles at a systemic blood pressure of 50 mm Hg. At a systemic blood pressure of 180 mm Hg the upstream loss decreased to 33%, loss across the pial vessels decreased to 15%, and the downstream loss increased to 52%. Thus, the results indicated that the cerebrovascular response to changes in systemic blood pressure occurred predominantly downstream from the surface arterial vasculature.
Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Heart Failure in Elderly Subjects Without Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ramachandran S. Vasan, Lisa M. Sullivan, Ronenn Roubenoff, Charles A. Dinarello, Tamara Harris, Emelia J. Benjamin, Douglas B. Sawyer, Daniel Levy, Peter W.F. Wilson, Ralph B. D’Agostino
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Experimental studies support a key role for cytokines in left ventricular remodeling. In congestive heart failure (CHF) patients, elevated plasma cytokine levels are associated with worse functional status and adverse prognosis. It is unclear whether cytokine levels can predict the incidence of CHF in asymptomatic individuals.We investigated the relations of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and spontaneous production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) by peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) to CHF incidence among 732 elderly Framingham Study subjects (mean age 78 years, 67% women) free of prior myocardial infarction and CHF. On follow-up (mean 5.2 years), 56 subjects (35 women) developed CHF. After adjustment for established risk factors, including the occurrence of myocardial infarction on follow-up, there was a 60 (PBMC TNFalpha) to 68% (serum IL-6) increase in risk of CHF per tertile increment in cytokine concentration (P=0.04, and 0.03, respectively, for trend). A serum CRP level > or =5 mg/dL was associated with a 2.8-fold increased risk of CHF (P=0.02). Subjects with elevated levels of all 3 biomarkers (serum IL-6 and PBMC TNFalpha >median values, CRP> or =5 mg/dL) had a markedly increased risk of CHF (hazards ratio 4.07 [95% CI 1.34 to 12.37], P=0.01) compared with the other subjects.In our elderly, community-based sample, a single determination of serum inflammatory markers, particularly elevated IL-6, was associated with increased risk of CHF in people without prior myocardial infarction. Additional epidemiological investigations are warranted to confirm the contribution of inflammation to the pathogenesis of CHF in the general population.
Invasive fungal disease in pediatric acute leukemia patients with fever and neutropenia during induction chemotherapy: a multivariate analysis of risk factors.
Authors: J M Wiley, N Smith, B G Leventhal, M L Graham, L C Strauss, C A Hurwitz, J Modlin, D Mellits, R Baumgardner, B J Corden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

We evaluated the courses of 115 consecutive cases of pediatric acute leukemia treated with induction chemotherapy. Seventy-two patients developed fever associated with neutropenia; 15 developed systemic fungal infections. We reviewed multiple demographic and treatment characteristics of these patients in an attempt to identify potential risk factors for the development of invasive fungal disease (IFD). Risk factors identified in a univariate analysis included duration of neutropenia after first fever (P less than .0001), diagnosis of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (P = .003), onset of fever and neutropenia within 5 days of starting induction chemotherapy (P = .009), and multiple (greater than one) surveillance culture sites positive for fungal organisms (P = .02). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, duration of neutropenia (P less than .001) remained a significant risk factor. The study group of patients had a significantly higher risk of fungal infections than a matched group of leukemia patients developing fever with neutropenia due to postremission consolidation chemotherapy (P = .003). In the first 48 patients, 14 (29%) developed IFD. In the subsequent patients (n = 24), intravenous miconazole (5 mg/kg every 8 hours) was begun at the time of the first fever. One of the 24 patients (4%) given miconazole developed IFD. The use of miconazole was a negative risk factor for the development of IFD in univariate (P = .01) and multivariate (P = .05) analysis. We conclude that pediatric leukemia patients who develop fever associated with neutropenia during induction chemotherapy are at high risk for developing IFD. The role of intravenous miconazole at the time of the first fever in this group deserves further study.
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Review, With a Focus on Practical Aspects of Treatment
Authors: Maurie Markman, Joan L. Walker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Article Tools Review Articles Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2005.05.2456 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 16461779 Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Review, With a Focus on Practical Aspects of Treatment Maurie MarkmanxMaurie MarkmanSearch for articles by this author , Joan L. WalkerxJoan L. WalkerSearch for articles by this author Show More From The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and the Section of Gynecologic Oncology, the University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.05.2456 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2006 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) partial structures inhibit responses to LPS in a human macrophage cell line without inhibiting LPS uptake by a CD14-mediated pathway.
Authors: R L Kitchens, R J Ulevitch, R S Munford
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that lack acyloxyacyl groups can antagonize responses to LPS in human cells. Although the site and mechanism of inhibition are not known, it has been proposed that these inhibitory molecules compete with LPS for a common cellular target such as a cell-surface binding receptor. In the present study, we used an in vitro model system to test this hypothesis and to evaluate the role of CD14 in cellular responses to LPS. Cells of the THP-1 human monocyte-macrophage cell line were exposed to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 to induce adherence to plastic and expression of CD14, a binding receptor for LPS complexed with LPS-binding protein (LBP). The uptake of picograms of [3H]LPS (agonist) and enzymatically deacylated LPS [3H]dLPS (antagonist) was measured by exposing the cells to the radiolabeled ligands for short incubation periods. The amounts of cell-associated LPS and dLPS were then correlated with cellular responses by measuring the induction of nuclear NF-kappa B binding activity and the production of cell-associated interleukin (IL)-1 beta. We found that similar amounts of [3H]LPS or [3H]dLPS were taken up by the cells. The rate of cellular accumulation of the ligands was greatly enhanced by LBP and blocked by a monoclonal antibody to CD14 (mAb 60b), yet no cellular responses were induced by dLPS or dLPS-LBP complexes. In contrast, LPS stimulated marked increases of NF-kappa B binding activity and IL-1 beta. These responses were enhanced by LBP and inhibited by mAb 60b. dLPS and its synthetic lipid A counterpart, LA-14-PP (also known as lipid Ia, lipid IVa, or compound 406) strongly inhibited LPS-induced NF-kappa B and IL-1 beta, yet neither antagonist inhibited the uptake of LPS via CD14. dLPS did not inhibit NF-kappa B responses to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha or phorbol ester. Our results indicate that (a) both stimulatory and nonstimulatory ligands can bind to CD14 in the presence of LBP; (b) the mechanism of inhibition by dLPS is LPS-specific, yet does not involve blockade of LPS binding to CD14; and (c) in keeping with previous results of others, large concentrations of LPS can stimulate the cells in the absence of detectable binding to CD14. The findings indicate that the site of dLPS inhibition is distal to CD14 binding in the LPS signal pathway in THP-1 cells, and suggest that molecules other than CD14 are important in LPS signaling.
TCT-378 Interim analysis of the Reitan Catheter Pump (RCP) heart failure efficacy study: RCP improves cardiovascular and renal function in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)
Authors: Thomas Keeble, Elliot Smith, Markus Ferrari, Roger Hullin, Scherstén Fredrik, Oyvind Reitan, Martin Rothman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Circulating Biomarkers of One-Carbon Metabolism in Relation to Renal Cell Carcinoma Incidence and Survival
Authors: Mattias Johansson, Anouar Fanidi, David C. Muller, Julie K. Bassett, Øivind Midttun, Stein Emil Vollset, Ruth C. Travis, Domenico Palli, Amalia Mattiello, Sabina Sieri, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Börje Ljungberg, Göran Hallmans, Elisabete Weiderpass, Guri Skeie, Carlos A. González, Miren Dorronsoro, Petra H. Peeters, H. B(as). Bueno-de-Mesquita, Martine M. Ros, Marie-Christine Boutron Ruault, Guy Fagherazzi, Françoise Clavel, María-José Sánchez, Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea, Carmen Navarro, J. Ramon Quiros, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland, Krassimira Aleksandrova, Paolo Vineis, Marc J. Gunter, Rudolf Kaaks, Graham Giles, Caroline Relton, Elio Riboli, Heiner Boeing, Per Magne Ueland, Gianluca Severi, Paul Brennan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundThe etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is only partially understood, but a metabolic component appears likely. We investigated biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism and RCC onset and survival.