tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Prophylaxis With the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Anil Gehi, Donald Haas, Valentin Fuster
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemotherapeutic Agents Up-regulate the Cytomegalovirus Promoter: Implications for Bioluminescence Imaging of Tumor Response to Therapy
Authors: Robert U. Svensson, J. Matthew Barnes, Oskar W. Rokhlin, Michael B. Cohen, Michael D. Henry
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Bioluminescence imaging is widely used to evaluate tumor growth and response to therapy in living animals. In cells expressing luciferase under the control of a constitutive promoter, light output in part depends on viable cell number, so that changes in bioluminescence intensity may be correlated with changes in viable tumor mass over time. We have found that treatment of cancer cell lines expressing luciferase under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter with staurosporine, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel results in a transient increase in bioluminescence, which is positively correlated with apoptosis and inversely correlated with cell viability. In contrast, similar treatment of cell lines expressing luciferase under control of the SV40 promoter did not exhibit this result. We found that low doses of staurosporine induced bioluminescence in CMV- but not SV40-driven luciferase cell lines, whereas high doses elicited induction in both, indicating promoter-dependent and promoter-independent mechanisms of bioluminescence induction. The promoter-dependent increase in bioluminescence intensity from CMV-driven luciferase is a result of induction of luciferase mRNA and protein expression. We extended these findings in vivo; doxorubicin treatment resulted in a transient induction in bioluminescence when normalized to tumor volume in CMV- but not SV40-driven luciferase-expressing xenografts. We found that inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway blocked bioluminescence induction by doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and staurosporine in CMV-driven luciferase-expressing cells. These findings have important implications when using bioluminescence to monitor the efficacy of anticancer therapy and underscore the complex regulation of the CMV promoter, which is widely used for high-level protein expression in mammalian cells.
Health care for older people
Authors: P. A Rochon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In response to serious concerns about the health care provided to older people in Scotland the Scottish expert group on healthcare of older people, led by the chief medical officer, Dr E M Armstrong, has released an insightful report entitled Adding Life to Years .1 The charge of the group was to describe the major health problems that older people confront, explain their journey through the healthcare system, investigate potential ageism, and promote good practices. The articulate and comprehensive report identifies a series of themes. Four of these are outlined below. Specifically, the report promotes individual responsibility for health, advocates for primary care, identifies the benefits of multidisciplinary teams in the care of elderly people, and discourages ageism. As indicated by the supporting literature, these themes have international relevance.

An older adult consulted for the report said: “A doctor can do only so much. We oldies must realise we are responsible for our own health.” Adding Life to Years is to be commended for promoting individual responsibility in health care. Encouraging older adults to be physically and mentally active and to reduce poor health habits is an important theme of …
Hepatitis C virus markers in patients with acute post-transfusion hepatitis treated with interferon alfa-2b.
Authors: J Genesca, J I Esteban, J Quer, L L Viladomiu, A Gonzalez, R Esteban, J Guardia
Journal: Gut (1993)

This trial was undertaken to establish the long term biochemical and serological outcome of patients with acute post-transfusion hepatitis C virus infection after treatment with interferon alfa-2b. After 12 months, 12 patients (eight treated, four controls) had self limited disease and 16 patients (seven treated, nine controls) had chronic disease. After a total mean 31 months of follow up in 23 patients, nine (six treated, three controls) had self limited disease while 14 (five treated, nine controls) developed chronic liver disease; all patients with spontaneous or self limited hepatitis C (HCV) infection maintained normal serum alanine amino-transferase activity and absence of HCV-RNA, and tended to lose anti-HCV antibodies.
GMC clears child psychiatrist accused of alleged misconduct as expert witness
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A child psychiatrist who was accused of misconduct over her role as an expert witness in a family court case in 2002 has been cleared by the General Medical Council after her lawyer successfully argued that there was insufficient evidence to support the most serious allegations against her.

Diana Bazeley-White was cleared of the allegation that she had reached a conclusion “to which no reasonably competent child psychiatrist claiming expertise in the field of child sexual abuse could have come” when she decided that a father had sexually abused his 5 year old daughter ( BMJ 2009;339:b4669, doi:10.1136/bmj.b4669).

Dr Bazeley-White, a consultant child and adolescent …
Treatment of vesicoureteric reflux by endoscopic injection of Teflon.
Authors: B O'Donnell, P Puri
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Thirteen girls with grade III-V vesicoureteric reflux were treated by endoscopic injection of Teflon paste behind the intravesical ureter. Fourteen of the 18 treated ureters showed complete absence of reflux after one injection of Teflon. Three ureters required a second injection of Teflon for successful treatment of the reflux. One ureter with grade IV reflux was converted to grade II reflux. Properly carried out, this procedure corrects reflux. It takes less than 15 minutes, may be done as a day procedure, and avoids open surgery. There have been no complications.
Temporal Arteritis with Normal Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Authors: JAUME VILLALTA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1985Temporal Arteritis with Normal Erythrocyte Sedimentation RateJAUME VILLALTA, M.D., TERESA ESTRACH, M.D.JAUME VILLALTA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, TERESA ESTRACH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-5-808_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Although temporal arteritis characteristically involves one or more branches of the carotid artery, the disease may be widespread and may affect virtually any medium or large artery. Clinically it has been compared with syphilis and tuberculosis because of its wide spectrum of clinical presentations, and only advanced age and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate are usual features in the clinical picture (1). We report a peculiar case of temporal arteritis affecting a young man with a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a necrotic ulcer in his finger.A 32-year-old man presented with a swollen zone on his right...References1. GOODMAN B Temporal arteritis. Am J Med. 1979;67:839-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FAUCI A, HAYNES B, and KATZ P. The spectrum of vasculitis: clinical, pathologic, immunologic, and therapeutic considerations. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:660-76. LinkGoogle Scholar3. FINLAYSON R and ROBINSON J. Giant-cell arteritis of the legs. Br Med J. 1955;2:1595-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KLEIN R, HUNDER G, STANSON A, and SHEPS S. Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Ann Intern Med. 1975;83:806-12. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAUME VILLALTA, M.D.; TERESA ESTRACH, M.D.Affiliations: Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona Barcelona 36, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA rare case of temporal arteritis in a young Indian maleGiant cell arteritis with normal inflammatory markers: case report and review of the literatureJuvenile temporal arteritis: A clinicopathological multicentric experienceVasculitis of the Temporal Arteries in the YoungGiant-cell temporal arteritis in a 17-year-old maleArtérite temporale juvénile : une maladie bénigneJuvenile Temporal Arteritis RevisitedTemporal arteritis in a young patient with a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rateClinical and laboratory findings with giant cell arteritisCase report: Cerebral arteritis with unusual distribution 1 November 1985Volume 103, Issue 5Page: 808-808KeywordsArteriesCarotid arteriesErythrocyte sedimentation rateSyphilisTemporal arteritisUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Traffic-related Particles Are Associated with Elevated Homocysteine
Authors: Sung Kyun Park, Marie S. O'Neill, Pantel S. Vokonas, David Sparrow, Avron Spiro, Katherine L. Tucker, Helen Suh, Howard Hu, Joel Schwartz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the metabolism of methionine, is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and thrombosis. Particulate air pollution has been related to cardiovascular death and hospital admission, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated.We examined the associations between ambient particulate air pollution and plasma concentrations of homocysteine among 960 community-residing older men (mean age, 73.6 +/- 6.9 yr).Total homocysteine in plasma, measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, was regressed on each ambient particulate pollutant (black carbon, organic carbon, sulfate or PM(2.5)), and effect modification by plasma and dietary B vitamins (folate, B6, and B12) was examined.The median concentration of total homocysteine was 10.6 micromol/L. Statistically significant positive associations of total homocysteine were observed with traffic-related particles (black carbon and organic carbon). No association was observed with sulfate, an indicator of coal combustion particles, or PM(2.5) (particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter). The effects of black carbon and organic carbon were more pronounced in persons with low concentrations of plasma folate and vitamin B12.Exposures to ambient particles, particularly from traffic, are associated with elevated plasma total homocysteine. Homocysteine may be a component or biological marker of the oxidation pathways underlying the effect of ambient particles on the cardiovascular system.
Abstract 1542: Molecular mechanisms associated with sensitivity/resistance to PM02734 (Irvalec®), a novel marine-derived cyclic depsipeptide
Authors: Maria Serova, Ivan Bieche, Michel Vidaud, Miguel Aracil, Sandrine Faivre, Eric Raymond
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: PM02734 (Irvalec®) is a novel synthetic depsipeptide derived from kahalalide F currently in clinical trials with evidence of antitumor activity. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms yielding antiproliferative effects of PM02734 in human cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Antiproliferative effects of Irvalec used MTT assay. Baseline and phosphorylated protein levels were assessed using Western blot. Relative level of mRNA expression was evaluated using quantitative qRT-PCR. Results: PM02734 displayed antiproliferative effects in a panel of 20 cancer cell lines with IC50s ranging 0.4-9µM in breast (ZR-75-1, SKBR3 and MDA-MB-361) and colon (Colo205 and HCC2998) cancer cell lines. Unspecific changes were observed in MAPK and AKT intracellular signaling under exposure to PM02734 despite a decreased Erb-B3 mRNA expression and Erb-B3 phosphorylation at 24h. To study mechanisms associated with resistance to PM02734, we developed DU-PM cells using stepwise exposures to increasing concentrations of PM02734 in DU145. After &amp;gt;6 months exposure to PM02734, DU-PM cells were 4-fold more resistant to PM02734 than parental DU145 cells. Resistance was associated with decreased mRNA expressions of Erb-B3/Erb-B4 and vimentin. Conversely, the mRNA expressions of anti-apoptotic genes such as CDKN1A/p21 and BCL2 were significantly increased in PM02734-resistant cells. Interestingly, DU-PM cells were more sensitive to EGFR inhibitors such as erlotinib, gefitinib and lapatinib than parental DU145 cells. These results provide a rational basis for for further exploring PM02734 in combination with EGFR inhibitors in solid tumors. Conclusions: PM02734 displays antiproliferative effects against a large variety of cancer cell lines at pharmacological concentrations. Acquired resistance to PM02734 associated with low Erb-B3 expression that may be regarded as predictive factor of sensitivity. The cells with acquired resistance to PM02734 display increased sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1542.
Laser Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinoma: Determinants of Survival
Authors: E. F. Stange, J. Dylla, W. E. Fleig
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

Fifty-nine consecutive patients with stenosing carcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract were entered into a prospective study defining parameters of survival during laser treatment. A total of 322 laser sessions were performed, 56% of which on an outpatient basis. Life table analysis revealed that survival was poor in the presence of metastases, and in patients under 60 years of age. Survival was statistically independent of tumor histology, location, length or previous treatment of any kind. In contrast, the degree of stenosis both before and after laser treatment was related to survival in a significant fashion. The best separation into groups was achieved with the parameter dysphagia after laser treatment. Thus, the data are compatible with an important role of adequate enteral nutrition in these debilitated patients.
Merging of healthcare providers in California has led to big rise in costs
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A main assumption in reforming the matrix of independent healthcare providers in the United States has been that consolidation would lead to more rational, efficient, and therefore less costly care. That has not proved to be the case in California.

A new study from the non-profit Center for Studying Health System Change has found that consolidation has given providers “a stronger bargaining position over health plans, leading in turn to higher insurance premiums” ( Health Affairs , doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0715).

The researchers conducted 300 semi-structured interviews in six areas—Fresno; Los Angeles; Oakland and San Francisco; Riverside and …
Effect of Variation in<i>CHI3L1</i>on Serum YKL-40 Level, Risk of Asthma, and Lung Function
Authors: Carole Ober, Zheng Tan, Ying Sun, Jennifer D. Possick, Lin Pan, Raluca Nicolae, Sadie Radford, Rodney R. Parry, Andrea Heinzmann, Klaus A. Deichmann, Lucille A. Lester, James E. Gern, Robert F. Lemanske, Dan L. Nicolae, Jack A. Elias, Geoffrey L. Chupp
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 is involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling. We recently showed that serum YKL-40 levels were elevated in patients with asthma and were correlated with severity, thickening of the subepithelial basement membrane, and pulmonary function. We hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that affect YKL-40 levels also influence asthma status and lung function.We carried out a genomewide association study of serum YKL-40 levels in a founder population of European descent, the Hutterites, and then tested for an association between an implicated SNP and asthma and lung function. One associated variant was genotyped in a birth cohort at high risk for asthma, in which YKL-40 levels were measured from birth through 5 years of age, and in two populations of unrelated case patients of European descent with asthma and controls.A promoter SNP (-131C-->G) in CHI3L1, the chitinase 3-like 1 gene encoding YKL-40, was associated with elevated serum YKL-40 levels (P=1.1 x 10(-13)), asthma (P=0.047), bronchial hyperresponsiveness (P=0.002), and measures of pulmonary function (P=0.046 to 0.002) in the Hutterites. The same SNP could be used to predict the presence of asthma in the two case-control populations (combined P=1.2 x 10(-5)) and serum YKL-40 levels at birth (in cord-blood specimens) through 5 years of age in the birth cohort (P=8.9 x 10(-3) to 2.5 x 10(-4)).CHI3L1 is a susceptibility gene for asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reduced lung function, and elevated circulating YKL-40 levels are a biomarker for asthma and decline in lung function.
Abstract C15: Combinatorial regulation of neuroblastoma tumor progression by HIF1α and N‐myc transcriptional factors
Authors: Guoliang Qing, Patrick Mayes, Bruce Pawel, Daniel Martinez, John M. Maris, M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Deregulation of Myc and activation of hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) frequently occur in solid tumors. In human neuroblastoma, amplification of the N-MYC gene predicts poor prognosis and resistance to therapy. Interestingly, we demonstrated here that HIF1α, but not HIF2α, is preferentially expressed in both N-MYC amplified neuroblastoma cells and primary tumors in comparison to non-amplified ones. Expression of HIF2α in N-MYC amplified cells appears to be silenced largely through DNA methylation and histone deacetylation. Interplay between N-Myc and HIF1α plays critical roles in progression of neuroblastomas. On one hand, N-Myc overrides the inhibitory function of HIF1α on cell cycle progression under hypoxia, which frequently occurs in solid tumors and is well known to inhibit cell growth. Of note, proliferation of N-MYC amplified cells is largely unaltered under hypoxia. On the other hand, HIF1α, together with N-Myc, cooperates to regulate aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) of neuroblastoma. The near-universal glycolytic switch of N-MYC amplified neuroblastoma cells may be an essential tumor trait and a consequence of the cellular adaptation to intermittent hypoxia. Targeting either HIF1α or N-Myc significantly decreases expression of genes involved in glycolysis, such as lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and inhibits cell proliferation in vitro under normoxia. Strikingly, N-MYC amplified cells are addicted to LDHA expression. Reduction in LDHA activity completely inhibits their proliferation under both normoxia and hypoxia. Taken together, our results demonstrate that neuroblastoma cells differentially respond to hypoxia with distinct HIFα induction patterns, and suggest the HIF1α/N-Myc axis may represent a pharmacologically tractable pathway for the potential treatment of N-MYC amplified neuroblastomas. In particular, we propose targeting LDHA may be a promising and nontoxic approach in treatment of N-MYC amplified neuroblastomas, given that depletion of LDHA expression completely inhibits growth of N-MYC amplified cells and individuals deficient in LDHA expression show no obvious symptoms under normal conditions. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):C15.
Feathering the cuckoo's nest
Authors: H. J. Beerstecher
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Hawkes’s assault on traditional primary care contractors was presumably to provoke a response from the champions of the public service NHS.1 I am not one, although I hold a general medical services (GMS) contract. However, inequities are increasing in the system, as exemplified in Barking and Dagenham.

In 2006 we were provided with payment details of all GMS and PMS (personal medical services) …
Letter by Dart et al Regarding Article, “Differential Impact of Blood Pressure-Lowering Drugs on Central Aortic Pressure and Clinical Outcomes: Principal Results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) Study”
Authors: Anthony M. Dart, Christoph D. Gatzka, Bronwyn Kingwell
Journal: Circulation (2006)

We concur with the editorial 5 accompanying the CAFE study that the technique of radial tonometry is "not yet ready for prime time" (p 1163) in routine clinical practice, but we believe that along with other methods for assessing central arterial parameters, it should remain an area of active research.
Physiologic Studies of Paroxysmal Hyperpnea in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: WARREN G. GUNTHEROTH, BEVERLY C. MORGAN, GAY L. MILLINS
Journal: Circulation (1965)

PAROXYSMAL hyperpnea occurs in younger children with cyanotic congenital heart disease with decreased pulmonary blood flow.These episodes, also called hypoxic spells or blue spells, are characterized by increasing cyanosis in spite of an increased rate and depth of respiration.Gradual dulling of the sensorium may progress to unconsciousness.'The patients subject to paroxysmal hyperp- nea have in common an inadequate pulmonary blood flow and a right-to-left shunt.Any increase in systemic venous return, in the face of a fixed or even diminished pulmonary blood flow, would result in an in- crease in right-to-left shunting and a further lowering of arterial saturation.Hyperpnea in normal subjects results in increased cardiac output,2 3 and in dogs there is evidence that hyperpnea causes an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance.4We have studied four children with tetral- ogy of Fallot subject to paroxysmal hyperp- nea utilizing an isothermal catheter flow- meter to study the effects of normal inspira- tory effort on flow in the venae cavae.In one of these patients, arterial blood gases and pH were obtained in the waking and sleeping states. MethodsMellander and Rushmer's 5 device for heating a coil of wire in proximity to a thermistor mounted on a catheter was modified by Katsura et al.,
Umbilical Herniation of the Liver in Hunterʼs Syndrome
Authors: R. SHAM, B. G. KOUSEFF, L. SILVER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Pediatrics, Queens Hospital Center Affiliation, Long Island Jewish /Hillside Medical Center, Jamaica, New York, and State University of New York, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York