tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The current status of the Canadian home fitness test.
Authors: R. J. Shephard
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1980)

The current status of the Canadian Home Fitness Test is reviewed. This simple procedure was originally conceived for the mass testing of fitness levels and for home use as a motivational tool in exercise programmes. The test is carried out on a double 8 inch step (such as a domestic staircase) at an age and sex-specific rhythm set by a long-playing record. Fitness is assessed from a combination of test-duration and the radial or carotid pulse count immediately following exercise. Use of the procedure by upwards of 500,000 Canadians is reviewed in relaltion to its safety, validity and practicality. To date, there have been no serious complications. In home use, there is inevitably limited precision, although with practice subjects can learn to count their pulse rate and step in time to the music; further, the test seems well received, achieving its prime objective of stimulating an interest in physical activity and endurance fitness. When the procedure is carried out by a paramedical worker, with e.c.g. recording of the exercise heart rate, it provides at least as good an estimate of maximum oxygen intake as other sub-maximal procedure; the main area of current controversy is interpretation of abnormal stress e.c.g. records, and it is suggested this problem could be resolved by the appropriate training and certification of interested family physicans and paramedical workers.
Introductory Lecture on the Diseases of Children: Delivered in the Chatham Street School of Medicine, Manchester, January 14, 1851
Authors: None Merei
Journal: BMJ (1851)

GENTLEMEN,-I feel very happy in addressing on this occasion so respectable an assemnbly.I must beg, above all, your indulgence in judging of my performance of this task, as there will be considerable imperfection of language in it, and perhaps a very limited scientific accomplishmemt.I have to deliver a course of lectures on diseases of children in this school, and feel very much honoured by this mark of confidence on the side of the learned teachers attached to this institution, and shall try to answer your flattering expectation as well as I can, with truthful accounts of what I have seen and experienced in the arduous department of children's ailments.Allow me, only in the first instance, to premise some few hints about the history and the present state of this science.Children's diseases have long been neglected, and it would be but a loss of time, should I quote what Hippocrates, Galen, Oribasius, and Paul of iEgina;- what during the long period of barbarism, Rhazes, Avicenna and otber Arabs, and subsequent medioeval Christian authors, contain about children's diseases.Excepting some eruptions on the skin, glandular affec- tions, hydrocephalus, convulsions, and a few other chronic maladies, there is very little mention of this department of medical practice.Even in times near to ours, great physicians, as Boerhaave and Stoll, knew very little about children's diseases.Let us, therefore, pass at once to the present century, and mention before all, some German physicians, the first who wrote valuable systematical works on this subject, as Drs.Jirg, Henke, Wendt, Goelis, and some others of that nation.But if we compare that stage of science with the present, we cannot fail to witness a progress much more important proceeding from French physicians and children's hospitals, commencing with Billard, about twenty years ago, and successfully prosecuted by Bretonneau, Trousseau, Baudelocque, Blache, and some others.The large systematic work of Drs.Barthez and Rilliet (attached to Parisian children's hospitals) is the most important on this subject in modern times.Besides this there are a great many other treatises on children's diseases, more or less special; among these, one of the most remarkable is that of Dr. Mauthner (founder of one of the Vienna children's hospitals) on the diseases of the brain and spinal No. X.,
Prognostic factors in chronic myelodysplastic syndromes: A multivariate analysis in 107 cases
Authors: Sonia García, Miguel A. Sanz, Victoria Amigo, Pedro Colomina, M. Dolores Carrera, J. Ignacio Lorenzo, Guillermo F. Sanz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract A retrospective multivariate analysis of 37 clinical, biochemical, and hematological data was performed in 107 cases of primary myelodisplastic syndromes (MDS) in order to recognize their prognostic significance. The most important individual variables, isolated in a previous univariate analysis, were placed in a multiple regression modeling procedure to identify major significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis tends to identify prognostic variables containing significant independent predictive information. Characteristics were examined on both continuous and binary bases. The FAB classification was the first parameter entered in regression equations on both models, followed by platelet count, hemoglobin level, and circulating erythroblasts in the binary model, and by hemoglobin level, systemic symptoms, platelet count, age, and dyserythropoiesis in the continuous model. Our analysis confirms FAB classification as the main prognostic factor in MDS, supports the previously noted predictive value of platelet count, hemoglobin level, and age, and recognises the importance of circulating erythroblasts, systemic symptoms, and dyserythropoiesis as prognostic characteristics in MDS.
Neuroscientist is disciplined for falsifying data about effects of alcohol in pregnancy
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The former chairman of the department of neuroscience and physiology at State University of New York’s Upstate Medical University has been sanctioned by the US Office of Research Integrity (ORI) for fabricating and falsifying data in federally funded research.

Michael Miller falsified or fabricated data in four grant applications, two published studies, and a paper submitted for publication to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , says a case summary from the ORI published on its website and in the Federal Register (www.federalregister.gov/articles/2012/02/27/2012-4366/findings-of-research-misconduct#p-14).

Dr Miller, 58, published widely on the effect of alcohol on brain cells …
Update: A 39-Year-Old Man With a Skin Infection
Authors: Robert C. Moellering
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Update: A 39-Year-Old Man With a Skin Infection IN A CLINICAL CROSSROADS ARTICLE PUBLISHED IN JANUARY 2008, Robert C. Moellering, MD, discussed Mr M, a 39year-old man with episodes of skin infections on his thigh and his left index finger. In the article, Dr Moellering discussed the nature of Mr M’s index finger infection, the options for treatment, and the likelihood of recurrence. Mr M had no history of trauma or exposure to a pathogen, had fairly severe pain,wasafebrile, andhadsignificant lymphangitic streaking. Based on these symptoms, Dr Moellering identified a streptococcusoracommunity-associatedmethicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus(CA-MRSA)strainas likelyculpritsandrecommendedtreatingwithantibioticstocoverbothSaureusandStreptococcuspyogenes.Hesuggestedthat followingMrM’sdrainage and intravenous antibiotics, he be discharged taking oral antimicrobial therapy to complete the course. Because Mr M had onlyhad1serious infection,DrMoelleringwasnotconcerned thatMrMhadanunderlying immunodeficiencyand, thus,did notrecommendworkup;DrMoelleringalsodidnotrecommend any ongoing prevention or prophylaxis to prevent future infectionsbecauseofthelackofevidencethatsuchtreatmentwould be efficacious.
Paraneoplastic Pemphigus, Cicatricial Conjunctivitis, and Acanthosis Nigncans with Pachydermatoglyphy in a Patient with Bronchogem*c Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sheridan Lam, Mary Seabury Stone, James A. Goeken, Stephen J. Massicotte, Ann Coleman Smith, Robert Folberg, Jay H. Krachmer
Journal: Ophthalmology (1992)
ABC of palliative care: Breathlessness, cough, and other respiratory problems
Authors: C. L Davis
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Radiograph of patient with malignant pericardial effusion and secondary pleural effusion causing breathlessness Respiratory problems are common in patients with advanced incurable disease. This article describes palliation of adult patients with malignant disease, but the principles can be applied to many types of non-malignant disease. A detailed history, examination, and appropriate investigations are needed to establish the most likely cause of any symptom. The history should cover factors that influence the severity of the symptom, including pre-existing diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is relatively common in patients with lung cancer), exacerbating factors (such as anaemia, ascites, or profound anxiety), and additional factors (such as pulmonary embolism, infection, or left ventricular failure). All of these will influence management. Breathlessness has non-physical as well as physical aspects and, like pain, can be defined by what a patient says it is. It is an unpleasant sensation of being unable to breathe easily. It is relatively common during the terminal stages of cancer: in one survey 70% of 1700 patients with cancer suffered breathlessness during their last six weeks of life. It is a particularly distressing and frightening symptom, not only for patients but also for carers. Activity, levels of anxiety, speed of onset, and previous experience may influence patients' perception of breathlessness and its severity. While there is often an obvious cause (such as pleural effusion or extrinsic bronchial compression), in some patients no cause is found despite thorough assessment. Little is known about the effects of cachexia on respiratory muscle function, and hyperventilation may account for breathlessness in some cases. #### General principles of managing breathlessness
William Francis Monteith Fulton
Authors: M. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A more committed professional than Bill Fulton is really hard to find. Bill was a most scrupulous and precise observer of clinical medicine and pathology. He delighted in his discoveries and exemplified the accuracy of a teacher of his generation. He was excited, particularly by his innovative studies of the coronary arteries of the human heart, and transmitted this excitement to those who had the good fortune to work with him. Few leave such rich ideas and original observations—now quoted world wide. It was Bill Fulton, when working in 1953-4 with the coronary research team at the …
Lineage switch induced by overexpression of Ets family transcription factor PU.1 in murine erythroleukemia cells
Authors: Toshiyuki Yamada, Masaaki Abe, Toshinori Higashi, Hitomi Yamamoto, Fumiko Kihara-Negishi, Takuya Sakurai, Toshikazu Shirai, Tsuneyuki Oikawa
Journal: Blood (2001)
46 Once daily dosing of a traditional antihistamine, chlorpheniramine (C-QD), treating seasonal seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR)
Authors: D PEARLMAN, H KAISER, J MELAMED, B MOSS, J ROSEN, E SCHENKEL, W STRICKER, R CHAPONIS, L EDWARDS, J FOURRE
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Phenylketonuria: Epitome of Human Biochemical Genetics
Authors: Charles R. Scriver, Carol L. Clow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

CURRENT knowledge of variants of phenylketonuria (PKU) originated largely in programs for neonatal screening and treatment. Accordingly, the structure of such programs is relevant to our discussion of the disease.7,16, 69 , 70 Different processes are required to achieve the goals of screening, follow-up, diagnosis, counseling, and treatment; therefore, different structures are required. Many of the reported pitfalls of PKU screening16 can be attributed to incomplete organization of integrated programs. Nowhere is the relevance and importance of structure in PKU-prevention programs more evident than in the process of diagnosis, since all cases of hyperphenylalaninemia that are identified by neonatal screening require specific and . . .
Physician Rapprochement Presaged NATO Entry
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Attention and Intrinsic Rewards in the Control of Psychophysiologic States
Authors: Jean Hamilton Holcomb
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1976)

Attention is a process which regulates the information obtained from a stimulus. In this paper I view selective attention as a means of arriving at different psychophysiologic states. Special consideration is given to the self-regulation of enjoyment by selective attention to intrinsically rewarding activities.
Distribution of particulate matter and tissue remodeling in the human lung.
Authors: K E Pinkerton, F H Green, C Saiki, V Vallyathan, C G Plopper, V Gopal, D Hung, E B Bahne, S S Lin, M G Ménache, M B Schenker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We examined the relationship between intrapulmonary particle distribution of carbonaceous and mineral dusts and remodeling of the airways along anatomically distinct airway paths in the lungs of Hispanic males from the central valley of California. Lung autopsy specimens from the Fresno County Coroner's Office were prepared by intratracheal instillation of 2% glutaraldehyde at 30 cm H(2)O pressure. Two distinct airway paths into the apico-posterior and apico-anterior portions of the left upper lung lobe were followed. Tissue samples for histologic analysis were generally taken from the intrapulmonary second, fourth, sixth, and ninth airway generations. Parenchymal tissues beyond the 12th airway generation of each airway path were also analyzed. There was little evidence of visible particle accumulation in the larger conducting airways (generations 2-6), except in bronchial-associated lymphoid tissues and within peribronchial connective tissue. In contrast, terminal and respiratory bronchioles arising from each pathway revealed varying degrees of wall thickening and remodeling. Walls with marked thickening contained moderate to heavy amounts of carbonaceous and mineral dusts. Wall thickening was associated with increases in collagen and interstitial inflammatory cells, including dust-laden macrophages. These changes were significantly greater in first-generation respiratory bronchioles compared to second- and third-generation respiratory bronchioles. These findings suggest that accumulation of carbonaceous and mineral dust in the lungs is significantly affected by lung anatomy with the greatest retention in centers of lung acini. Furthermore, there is significant remodeling of this transitional zone in humans exposed to ambient particulate matter.
Interoceptive Basis to Craving
Authors: Marcus A. Gray, Hugo D. Critchley
Journal: Neuron (2007)

Awareness of one's physiology is an important component of emotion. How might these processes be related to addiction? In a recent issue of Science, Naqvi et al. demonstrated that smoking addiction is disrupted by damage to the insula cortex. This suggests that brain circuits mediating interoception also contribute to craving states.
725 GD-EOB-DTPA-ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PREDICTS THE HISTOLOGICAL GRADE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN COMPENSATED LIVER DISEASE
Authors: D.S. Song, H.Y. Kim, S.H. Bae, S.K. Yoon, C.D. Lee, J.M. Yang, S.H. Jo, J.Y. Han, S.W. Choi, Y.S. Lee, J.Y. Choi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Samuel Sanifu Brisbane Sr
Authors: S. D. Brisbane
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Samuel S Brisbane Sr was born in Royesville, Liberia. He attended high school in Monrovia, at the College of West Africa (CWA), and was a graduate of the Tubingen University School of Medicine, West Germany. He returned to Liberia to start his medical career at the JFK Medical Center from 1970 through 1974.

Brisbane then found employment with …
Unlawful practice of medicine
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Infectious Diarrhea
Authors: Nathan M. Thielman, Richard L. Guerrant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

An otherwise healthy 23-year-old man presents after the acute onset of watery diarrhea that has persisted for two days. He reports associated nausea and cramping but no emesis and is febrile, with a temperature of 38.7°C (101.7°F). How should he be evaluated and treated?
Development of a brief questionnaire (ICQ-S) to monitor inhaled corticosteroid side-effects in clinical practice
Authors: J. M. Foster, S. Schokker, R. Sanderman, D. S. Postma, T. van der Molen
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Background Side-effect concerns impede adherence with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and often underlie poor asthma control. We developed a brief version (ICQ-S) of the 57-item Inhaled Corticosteroids side-effect Questionnaire (ICQ) to facilitate side-effect monitoring in busy clinics. Methods Part 1: After completion by 482 patients with doctor-diagnosed asthma, each ICQ item underwent item reduction analysis. Part 2: Patients prescribed ICS for asthma completed the ICQ at baseline (BL), ICQ-S at day 14 (D14) and day 28 (D28), and 6-item Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniAQLQ) at BL, D14 and D28. 14-day test–retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between ICQ-S scores and internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha (α) coefficient and item-total correlations of ICQ-S. Criterion validity was assessed by correlations (Spearman's rho) between ICQ and ICQ-S total score. Patients reported duration and difficulty of ICQ-S completion at D28. Results Part 1: The ICQ-S consists of fifteen local/systemic ICS side-effects of similar range to the full ICQ. Part 2: 62 asthma patients (mean ACQ score 0.79 ± SD 0.83) prescribed daily ICS [BDP-equivalent median dose 1000 μg (IQR: 500, 1000)] participated. ICC between ICQ-S scores was 0.90. All item-total correlations were rho ≥ 0.20. The ICQ-S demonstrated criterion validity, for example, ICQ and ICQ-S were strongly associated (rho = 0.86). 81% of patients completed the ICQ-S within 5 minutes and 97% found completion ‘not difficult’. Conclusion The ICQ-S is a brief, patient-friendly tool with good reliability and validity, which may be useful for monitoring ICS side-effects in clinical practice.
Irish transfusion service accused of criminal negligence
Authors: A. Murdoch
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ireland's director of public prosecutions has been asked to investigate whether the country's blood transfusion service board should be prosecuted for criminal negligence over the infection of women with hepatitis C virus. The call came in a letter to the director, Mr Lamonn Barnes, from Positive Action, the pressure group representing 960 Irish women who contracted hepatitis C after being treated with anti-D immunoglobulin from the blood transfusion service.

In its letter the group highlights findings by an expert group set up by …
Community treatment orders stay in mental health bill
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The UK government made a final push to get controversial reforms to mental health laws through parliament this week after making a range of concessions to opponents after a series of defeats for the bill in the House of Lords.

As the BMJ went to press on Tuesday, the mental health bill was entering the final day of its report stage in the House of Commons, and the government had survived a key vote the night before on safeguards attached to proposed new orders for compulsory treatment in the community.

The health minister Rosie Winterton outlined the concessions that the government was prepared to make to allay criticism from opposition parties, backbench …
TSC1 regulates the balance between effector and regulatory T cells
Authors: Yoon Park, Hyung-Seung Jin, Justine Lopez, Chris Elly, Gisen Kim, Masako Murai, Mitchell Kronenberg, Yun-Cai Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a crucial role in the control of T cell fate determination; however, the precise regulatory mechanism of the mTOR pathway is not fully understood. We found that T cell-specific deletion of the gene encoding tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), an upstream negative regulator of mTOR, resulted in augmented Th1 and Th17 differentiation and led to severe intestinal inflammation in a colitis model. Conditional Tsc1 deletion in Tregs impaired their suppressive activity and expression of the Treg marker Foxp3 and resulted in increased IL-17 production under inflammatory conditions. A fate-mapping study revealed that Tsc1-null Tregs that lost Foxp3 expression gained a stronger effector-like phenotype compared with Tsc1-/- Foxp3+ Tregs. Elevated IL-17 production in Tsc1-/- Treg cells was reversed by in vivo knockdown of the mTOR target S6K1. Moreover, IL-17 production was enhanced by Treg-specific double deletion of Tsc1 and Foxo3a. Collectively, these studies suggest that TSC1 acts as an important checkpoint for maintaining immune homeostasis by regulating cell fate determination.