tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aspirin and Migraine: What About Women?
Authors: Hideto Akama
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article<sup>1</sup>on aspirin for migraine prophylaxis was done entirely on men. We would like to touch on the relationship among anti-phospholipid antibodies, migraine, and aspirin. It now appears that antiphospholipid antibodies may be seen in the absence of any collagen vascular disease.<sup>2</sup>Shuaib and colleagues<sup>3</sup>described the presenting features and clinical course of six patients (all women) without underlying collagen vascular diseases, with antiphospholipid antibodies who had migraine as an early and prominent symptom. Thus, the antibodies may play a role in migraine pathogenesis in some individuals.<sup>2,4</sup>Furthermore, aspirin seems effective in preventing migraine due to antiphospholipid antibodies.<sup>3</sup>If a study on aspirin prophylaxis for migraine is performed in a female population sample, we expect that a history of recurrent miscarriages or thrombophlebitis will help determine the efficacy of low-dose aspirin.
Moving upstream in the war on WNTs
Authors: David M. Virshup
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Cholangiocarcinoma is a relatively rare cancer of the biliary ducts that is highly refractory to treatment. The factors that drive cholangiocarcinoma are poorly understood, though chronic liver fluke infection is a risk factor for disease. In this issue of the JCI, Boulter and colleagues demonstrate that the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway is upregulated in patients with sporadic cholangiocarcinoma. The authors determined that macrophages generate WNT ligands in cholangiocarcinomas and depletion or inhibition of this cell population in animal models of cholangiocarcinoma reduced tumor burden and proliferation. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of WNT secretion or β-catenin activity was efficacious in animal models. Together the results of this study suggest that targeting WNT has potential as a therapeutic strategy for cholangiocarcinoma.
Mediphors: A Literary Journal of the Health Professions
Authors: Karen McNally Bensing
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Beneath many a white coat and stethoscope beats the heart of a poet or storyteller. Creative writing offers an alternative to the daily round of medical problem solving that occupies most practicing physicians, and it provides an outlet for exploring the artistic side of medicine. Medical themes are popular with writers on the other side of the stethoscope as well. Encounters with the mysteries of disease are universal aspects of the human condition and a rich source of the symbols, metaphors, and plot devices. The new, privately published journal<i>Mediphors</i>has now joined the handful of periodicals linking medicine with literature.<i>Mediphors</i>seeks to "place in print" works by a variety of writers on virtually any subject related to medicine
A Vision for the Future
Authors: Elizabeth G. Nabel
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Our Institute has a long and distinguished record of scientific progress in cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders, and the present transition affords an opportunity for reflection and critical assessment of our future directions.In this first edition of what I hope will be many "Notes From the Director," I want to share my vision for the Institute.This vision is based on a fundamental set of values-excellence, innovation, integrity, respect, and compassion-that will permeate all activities of the NHLBI.I believe that scientific discovery provides the basis for progress and that the NHLBI is uniquely positioned to catalyze changes that must be made to transform our new scientific knowledge into tangible improvements in health.Within this framework, let me outline some priorities for the coming years-priorities that will, of course, undergo reevaluation and reformulation as we seek the input of our grantees, constituents, and advisors.
Role of Superoxide in Angiotensin II–Induced but Not Catecholamine-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Jørn Bech Laursen, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Zorina Galis, Margaret Tarpey, Bruce A. Freeman, David G. Harrison
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The major source of superoxide (·O 2 − ) in vascular tissues is an NADH/NADPH-dependent, membrane-bound oxidase. We have previously shown that this oxidase is activated in angiotensin II– but not norepinephrine-induced hypertension. We hypothesized that hypertension associated with chronically elevated angiotensin II might be caused in part by vascular ·O 2 − production. Methods and Results We produced hypertension in rats by a 5-day infusion of angiotensin II or norepinephrine. Rats were also treated with liposome-encapsulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) or empty liposomes. Arterial pressure was measured in conscious rats under baseline conditions and during bolus injections of either acetylcholine or nitroprusside. Vascular ·O 2 − production was assessed by lucigenin chemiluminescence. In vitro vascular relaxations were examined in organ chambers. Norepinephrine infusion increased blood pressure to a similar extent as angiotensin II infusion (179±5 and 189±4 mm Hg, respectively). In contrast, angiotensin II–induced hypertension was associated with increased vascular ·O 2 − production, whereas norepinephrine-induced hypertension was not. Treatment with liposome-encapsulated SOD reduced blood pressure by 50 mm Hg in angiotensin II–infused rats while having no effect on blood pressure in control rats or rats with norepinephrine-induced hypertension. Similarly, liposome-encapsulated SOD enhanced in vivo hypotensive responses to acetylcholine and in vitro responses to endothelium-dependent vasodilators in angiotensin II–treated rats. Conclusions Hypertension caused by chronically elevated angiotensin II is mediated in part by ·O 2 − , likely via degradation of endothelium-derived NO·. Increased vascular ·O 2 − may contribute to vascular disease in high renin/angiotensin II states.
Proteoglycan concentration in synovial fluid: predictor of future cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: T Saxne, F A Wollheim, H Pettersson, D Heinegard
Journal: BMJ (1987)

These data thus give limited support to the suggestion that the two histological types may have different aetiologies.Our rates of adenocarcinoma, however, were based on small numbers, and the differential increase in the rates for the two histological types was not significant.Interpretation of these incidences is also complicated by the fact that it is more difficult to detect adenocarcinoma than squamous carcinoma by cervical screening.In the two American studies adenocarcinoma as a proportion of all cervical cancers in young women was 10-3%' and 13 6%2 in 1979-82; these compare with our figure of 7-6% and may reflect the success of the screening programme in the United States.There has been only one epidemiological study comparing the character- istics of patients with the two histological types of cancer,5 and we are currently conducting a case-control study of carcinoma of the cervix in young women to address this issue directly.We thank the.Oxford, Thames, and West Midlands cancer registries for supplying the data, and Cynthia Taylor and Sybil Farrell for computing and secretarial help.
Expression and prognostic roles of the G1-S modulators in hepatocellular carcinoma: p27 independently predicts the recurrence
Authors: Yasuhiro Ito, Nariaki Matsuura, Masato Sakon, Eiji Miyoshi, Katsuhisa Noda, Tsutomu Takeda, Koji Umeshita, Hiroyuki Nagano, Shoji Nakamori, Keizo Dono, Masahiko Tsujimoto, Masaaki Nakahara, Kazuyasu Nakao, Naoyuki Taniguchi, Morito Monden
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Expression of cell-cycle modulators at the G1 -S boundary, retinoblastoma gene product (pRb), p21, p16, p27, p53, cyclin D1 , and cyclin E was investigated with 104 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), as well as 90 of their adjacent noncancerous lesions and 9 normal liver control specimens. The labeling indices (LI) of pRb, p21, p16, and p27 were higher in HCC lesions than in the adjacent noncancerous lesions and normal controls. Especially, p27 LI in noncancerous lesions was significantly higher than that in normal livers (P = .011). Aberrant p53 expression and cyclin D1 and E overexpression were observed exclusively in HCC lesions. pRb was positive in 85.6% of the HCC cases and was not related to any clinicopathological parameters. The p21 LI was generally low (average, 5.5 ± 9.8). Although a negative regulator, p21 LI was higher in cases with intrahepatic metastasis (P = .0359). The p16 LI was significantly decreased (P = .0121) in cases with advanced stage. p27 LI was significantly decreased in cases with portal invasion (P = .0409), poor differentiation (P < .0001), larger size (P = .0421), and intrahepatic metastasis (P = .0878, borderline significance). On the other hand, aberrant p53 expression showed positive relationships with poor differentiation (P = .0004) and Ki-67 LI (P = .0047). Cyclin D1 overexpression was found in 32.6% of the cases and occurred more frequently in those with high Ki-67 LI (P = .0032), pRb expression (P = .0202), poor differentiation (P = .0612, borderline significance), and intrahepatic metastasis (P = .0675, borderline significance). Cyclin E was overexpressed in 35.5% and had positive relationships with Ki-67 LI (P = .0269) and stage (P = .0125). In univariate analysis, cases with p27 LI < 50 (P = .0004), cyclin D1 overexpression (P = .0041), and cyclin E overexpression (P = .0572, borderline significance) showed poorer outcomes for disease-free survival (DFS). In multivariate analysis, p27 expression could be recognized as an independent prognostic marker for DFS. These findings suggest that in HCC: 1) p27 is active against HCC progression in early phases and, possibly, hepatocarcinogenesis as a negative regulator and can be a novel prognostic marker for DFS; and 2) cyclin D1 predominantly works for cell-cycle progression at the G1 -S boundary
Recurrent pyoderma in a family with a defect in leucocyte locomotion.
Authors: C C Zielinski, P A Dremsek, R Ahmad, M M Eibl
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Granulocyte functions including leucocyte locomotion and chemoluminescence were studied in three generations of a family in which all male members had presented with recurrent pyoderma. While parameters of humoral immunity including serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE and of complement components C3 and C4 as well as the response of mononuclear leucocytes to mitogens proved to be within the normal range, leucocyte locomotion was found to be severely impaired in all affected subjects. Moreover, granulocyte dysfunction in male members was associated with the occurrence of a single haplotype (HLA-A2, B13, DR7). These findings suggest that the defect in leucocyte locomotion and the pyoderma might not only have been inherited in an X linked manner but might also have been linked to a gene within the inherited HLA haplotype.
Nephroptosis: The Tc-99m Glucoheptonate Scan as a Diagnostic Method
Authors: RAKESH KUMAR, RITESH GUPTA, SANGI N. REDDY, ARUN MALHOTRA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

KUMAR, RAKESH D.R.M., D.N.B., M.N.A.M.S.; GUPTA, RITESH M.B.B.S.; REDDY, SANGI N. M.S.; MALHOTRA, ARUN D.R.M., Ph.D. Author Information
A piece of my mind. My heroes
Authors: N. K. Regevik
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cumulative meta-analysis of systemic antifungal agents for the treatment of onychomycosis
Authors: A.K. Gupta, J.E. Ryder, A.M. Johnson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Onychomycosis is a common nail disease that is often chronic, difficult to eradicate, and has a tendency to recur. The most common oral therapies for dermatophyte toenail onychomycosis include terbinafine, itraconazole and fluconazole. Objectives A cumulative meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for antimycotic agents was performed to determine whether the pooled estimate of the cure rates has remained consistent over the years. Furthermore, for each agent we compared the overall meta-analytical average of both mycological and clinical response rates of RCTs vs. open studies. Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to November 2002) for relevant studies evaluating the efficacy of the oral antifungal agents terbinafine, itraconazole (pulse or continuous), fluconazole and griseofulvin for treating dermatophyte toenail onychomycosis. Studies included in this meta-analysis required a standard accepted dosage regimen, treatment duration and follow-up period. To determine the cumulative meta-analytical average, studies were sequentially pooled by adding one study at a time according to the date of publication (i.e. earliest to the most recent). Results There were 36 studies included in the analyses. For RCTs the change in efficacy of mycological cure rates from the first trial to the overall cumulative meta-average for each drug comparator is as follows (with 95% confidence interval): terbinafine, 78 ± 6% (n = 2 studies, 79 patients) to 76 ± 3% (n = 18 studies, 993 patients) (P = 0·68); itraconazole pulse, 75 ± 10% (n = 1 study, 20 patients) to 63 ± 7% (n = 6 studies, 318 patients) (P = 0·25); itraconazole continuous, 63 ± 5% (n = 1 study, 84 patients) to 59 ± 5% (n = 7 studies, 1131 patients) (P = 0·47); fluconazole, 53 ± 6% (n = 1 study, 72 patients) to 48 ± 5% (n = 3 studies, 131 patients) (P = 0·50); and griseofulvin, 55 ± 8% (n = 2 studies, 109 patients) to 60 ± 6% (n = 3 studies, 167 patients) (P = 0·41). The cumulative meta-analytical average of mycological cure rates when comparing RCTs vs. open studies was: terbinafine, 76 ± 3% (n = 18 studies, 993 patients) vs. 83 ± 12% (n = 2 studies, 391 patients) (P = 0·0028); itraconazole pulse, 63 ± 7% (n = 6 studies, 318 patients) vs. 84 ± 9% (n = 3 studies, 194 patients) (P = 0·0001); and fluconazole, 48 ± 5% (n = 3 studies, 131 patients) vs. 79 ± 3% (n = 3 studies, 208 patients) (P = 0·0001). Conclusions The cumulative meta-analysis of cure rates for RCTs suggests that over time, as new RCTs have been conducted, the efficacy rates have remained consistent. The efficacy rates of open studies are substantially higher compared with RCTs and may therefore overestimate cure rates.
Prognostic significance of the F‐box protein Skp2 expression in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Ritsuko Seki, Takashi Okamura, Hironori Koga, Kazuaki Yakushiji, Michitoshi Hashiguchi, Kohji Yoshimoto, Hideaki Ogata, Rie Imamura, Yutaka Nakashima, Masayoshi Kage, Takato Ueno, Michio Sata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

The F-box protein Skp2 positively regulates the G1-S transition by promoting degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1) (p27). Recent evidence has suggested an oncogenic role of Skp2 in not only carcinogenesis but also lymphomagenesis. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical analysis on the cell-cycle-associated proteins, Skp2, p27, and Ki-67, in 27 patients with de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), evaluating the correlation between the clinical characteristics and expression levels of these proteins. The patients were classified into two groups according to the positivity for Skp2 expression: a high Skp2 expression group (>60% positive for Skp2 in lymphoma cells) and a low Skp2 expression group (< or = 60%). A high level of Skp2 expression significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.029), although the increase did not correlate with age, gender, LDH levels, presence of extranodal disease, or performance status and resulted in no correlation with the International Prognostic Index-based risk grading. However, it was noteworthy that the high Skp2 expression group demonstrated a significantly worse prognosis than the low Skp2 expression group (P = 0.0007). The expression level of Skp2 correlated with that of Ki-67 but not necessarily with that of p27. The p27 expression level did not correlate patients' prognosis. Taken together, it was suggested that Skp2 was a valuable and independent marker predicting the outcome in DLBCL.
Characterization of the enzymatic defect in late-onset muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency. New subtype of glycogen storage disease type VII.
Authors: S Vora, S DiMauro, D Spear, D Harker, M J Danon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Human phosphofructokinase (PFK) exists in tetrameric isozymic forms, at least in vitro. Muscle and liver contain homotetramers M4 and L4, respectively, whereas red cells contain five isozymes composed of M (muscle) and L (liver) type subunits, i.e., M4, M3L, M2L2, and ML3, and L4. Homozygous deficiency of muscle PFK results in the classic glycogen storage disease type VII characterized by exertional myopathy and hemolytic syndrome beginning in early childhood. The genetic lesion results in a total and partial loss of muscle and red cell PFK, respectively. Characteristically, the residual red cell PFK from the patients consists of isolated L4 isozyme; the M-containing hybrid isozymes are completely absent. In this study, we investigated an 80-yr-old man who presented with a 10-yr history of progressive weakness of the lower limbs as the only symptom. The residual red cell PFK showed the presence of a few M-containing isozymes in addition to the predominant L4 species, indicating that the genetic lesion is a "leaky" mutation of the gene coding for the M subunit. The presence of a small amount of enzyme activity in the muscle may account for the atypical myopathy in this patient.
Isolation Patterns of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus from Cervical Secretions During the Menstrual Cycle of Women at Risk for the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: MARKUS W. VOGT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been isolated from both male and female genital secretions. We evaluated the pattern of female genital carriage during the menstrual cycle, and its relationship to HIV viremia. Seven menstruating seropositive women and one seronegative control had cervical secretions and venous blood samples cultured at weekly intervals during a single menstrual cycle. The virus was isolated from cervical secretions in four of seven women. No specific cycle pattern was seen, and positivity for HIV at one site (blood or cervical) did not correlate with positivity at another site. Blood cultures generally, but not always, became positive earlier than cultures from cervical specimens, suggesting higher titers of virus in blood. Thus, HIV secretion may be intermittent. These findings, together with earlier reports, suggest that seropositive women may transmit HIV at any time during the menstrual cycle.
Utility of Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Evaluation of Danon Disease
Authors: Hiroshi Tada, Yoshie Harimura, Hiro Yamasaki, Yukio Sekiguchi, Tomoko Ishizu, Yoshihiro Seo, Satoru Kawano, Kazutaka Aonuma
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Tape Stripping of Stratum Corneum Reduces Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation in a Murine Asthma Model
Authors: Yusuke Suzuki, Shizuko Kagawa, Katsunori Masaki, Takae Tanosaki, Koichi Fukunaga, Tomoko Betsuyaku, Masayuki Amagai, Koichiro Asano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
The Management of Bleeding Esophageal Varices
Authors: William M. Palko
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  In the Sept 19 issue ofJAMA, Cello et al1make the unreferenced statement that relatively fresh whole blood (less than three days old) should be used for volume resuscitation in patients with bleeding esophageal varices. Why do they set this three-day limit? Moreover, it is not clear from the article if the three-day limit applied to whole blood also exists for red blood cells. The main goal in treatment of patients who are bleeding is to restore blood volume and increase the red blood cell mass for oxygen transport. That goal can be achieved by whole blood of any age, or the use of red blood cells of any age combined with crystalloid or colloid.2Blood is seldom available for transfusion until it is at least 36 to 48 hours' old because of the extensive testing required (including screening for transmissible disease such as
Neonatal Behcet's syndrome in an infant of a mother with the disease.
Authors: A G Fam, K A Siminovitch, S Carette, L From
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Behçet9s disease is reported in a newborn infant of a mother with the disease. The mother had recurrent orogenital ulcers, pustulonecrotic skin lesions, arthritis, thrombophlebitis, and colonic ulcers. Shortly after birth the infant presented with transient orogenital ulcerations and pustular cutaneous lesions. On healing, depressed scars developed which were very similar to those of the mother. The finding of circulating immune complexes in the mother9s serum gives some support to the hypothesis that the infant9s transient illness was caused by transplacental passage of maternal antibodies.
A Peculiar Case of Ovarian Tumour: Ovariotomy: Death
Authors: G. D. McReddie
Journal: BMJ (1870)

the body was permitted, also that I have mislaid my notes of this re- markable case; but the leading facts cannot fail to be of interest just now, and their interest is much enhanced by the certainty we possess that nothing liquid or solid could have been received into the patient's system; also that there existed no motive for deception.
TCT-341 Assessment Of Stent Edge Dissections By Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Ju-Hyun Chung, Soe Hee Ann, Bon-Kwon Koo, Chang-Wook Nam, Joon-Hyung Doh, Gillian K. Balbir Singh, Hyung Il Kim, Eun-Seok Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)