tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prion Protein Prevents Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Line from Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Induced Cell Death
Authors: Maryam Diarra-Mehrpour, Samuel Arrabal, Abdelali Jalil, Xavier Pinson, Catherine Gaudin, Geneviève Pietu, Amandine Pitaval, Hugues Ripoche, Marc Eloit, Dominique Dormont, Salem Chouaib
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract To define genetic determinants of tumor cell resistance to the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), we have applied cDNA microarrays to a human breast carcinoma TNF-sensitive MCF7 cell line and its established TNF-resistant clone. Of a total of 5760 samples of cDNA examined, 3.6% were found to be differentially expressed in TNF-resistant 1001 cells as compared with TNF-sensitive MCF7 cells. On the basis of available literature data, the striking finding is the association of some differentially expressed genes involved in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. More notably, we found that the PRNP gene coding for the cellular prion protein (PrPc), was 17-fold overexpressed in the 1001 cell line as compared with the MCF7 cell line. This differential expression was confirmed at the cell surface by immunostaining that indicated that PrPc is overexpressed at both mRNA and protein levels in the TNF-resistant derivative. Using recombinant adenoviruses expressing the human PrPc, our data demonstrate that PrPc overexpression converted TNF-sensitive MCF7 cells into TNF-resistant cells, at least in part, by a mechanism involving alteration of cytochrome c release from mitochondria and nuclear condensation.
Extensive Nodal Disease May Impair Axillary Reverse Mapping in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Riccardo Ponzone, Nicoletta Tomasi Cont, Furio Maggiorotto, Elisa Cassina, Paola Mininanni, Nicoletta Biglia, Piero Sismondi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

The aim of axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is to preserve arm lymphatics in patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical axillary staging.From June 2007 to December 2008, 49 patients who required axillary dissection (AD) underwent ARM. One milliliter of patent blue dye was injected in the ipsilateral arm, and all blue nodes identified during AD were sent separately for pathologic examination. Main variables associated with the detection rates of blue lymphatics, the pathologic status of blue and nonblue nodes, and the complications of the procedure were analyzed. Results Identification rates of blue lymphatics and blue nodes were 73.5% and 55.1%, respectively. Blue node identification was influenced by the time elapsed between injection of blue dye and surgery (P = .002) but not by the learning curve of the procedure. Although the blue node was clear of metastases in 24 of 27 patients, three patients with extensive nodal metastatic involvement (ie, pN2a and pN3a) showed breast cancer metastatic cells in the blue nodes as well. The only adverse effect of the procedure was skin tattooing at the injection site, which disappeared within 4 months in almost 80% of the procedures.In patients with clinically negative axillary nodes, additional study is warranted to assess whether ARM may be used to spare the lymphatics from the arm. In the presence of extensive nodal disease, this technique may identify metastatic blue nodes, which demonstrates that there is not reliable separation of arm and breast lymphatic pathways.
Serological and immunochemical analysis of the products of a single HLA DR-alpha and DR-beta chain gene expressed in a mouse cell line after DNA-mediated cotransformation reveals that the beta chain carries a known supertypic specificity.
Authors: J Gorski, R Tosi, M Strubin, C Rabourdin-Combe, B Mach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

Using a mouse cell line transformed with and expressing a single HLA DR-alpha and DR-beta chain gene, we present evidence that the product of the DR-beta chain gene carries a supertypic determinant, BR3, previously defined by serology. The amino acid sequence of this beta chain gene is determined from the DNA sequence. Another DR-associated supertypic specificity defined by monoclonal antibody MCS7 was not encoded by this DR-beta chain gene. This provides formal proof that a supertypic specificity can be associated with a product of a distinct DR-beta locus. We propose that haplotypes sharing such specificities are evolutionarily related.
Stem Cell Mobilization by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction&lt;SUBTITLE&gt;A Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;/SUBTITLE&gt;
Authors: Dietlind Zohlnhöfer
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Experimental studies and early phase clinical trials suggest that transplantation of blood-derived or bone marrow-derived stem cells may improve cardiac regeneration and neovascularization after acute myocardial infarction. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) induces mobilization of bone marrow stem cells.To assess the value of stem cell mobilization by G-CSF therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction who had successful reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 hours after onset of symptoms in Germany between February 24, 2004, and February 2, 2005.Patients were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneously either a daily dose of 10 microg/kg of G-CSF or placebo for 5 days.The primary end point was reduction of left ventricular infarct size according to technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scintigraphy performed at baseline and at 4 to 6 months after randomization. Secondary end points included improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction measured by magnetic resonance imaging and the incidence of angiographic restenosis.Of the 114 patients, 56 were assigned to receive treatment with G-CSF and 58 were assigned to receive placebo. Treatment with G-CSF produced a significant mobilization of stem cells. Between baseline and follow-up, left ventricular infarct size according to scintigraphy was reduced by a mean (SD) of 6.2% (9.1%) in the G-CSF group and 4.9% (8.9%) in the placebo group (P = .56) and left ventricular ejection fraction was improved by 0.5% (3.8%) in the G-CSF group and 2.0% (4.9%) in the placebo group (P = .14). Angiographic restenosis occurred in 19 (35.2%) of 54 patients in the G-CSF group and in 17 (30.9%) of 55 patients in the placebo group (P = .79). The most common adverse event among patients assigned to G-CSF was mild to moderate bone pain and muscle discomfort.Stem cell mobilization by G-CSF therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction and successful mechanical reperfusion has no influence on infarct size, left ventricular function, or coronary restenosis.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00126100.
Impact of Cyclosporin A Pharmacokinetics on the Presence of Side Effects in Pediatric Renal Transplantation
Authors: ELIAS DAVID-NETO, FRANCINE BRAMBATE CARVALHINHO LEMOS, ERIKA ARAI FURUSAWA, BENITA SOARES SCHWARTZMAN, JULIANA SOARES CAVALCANTE, ELISA MIDORI YAGYU, PASCHOALINA ROMANO, LUIS ESTEVAN IANHEZ
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant that has many side effects, including hypertrichosis, gingival hyperplasia, and tremor. To evaluate whether there is a relationship between the CsA-pharmacokinetics (PK) and these side effects, their presence and intensity were observed in 46 renal transplanted children/adolescents during two regular visits, and the occurrence of the side effects was correlated with CsA-PK. CsA doses had been unchanged for at least 6 mo. CsA blood concentrations were measured at time 0, and 1, 2, and 4 h after the CsA morning dose. An abbreviated area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using C0, C2, and C4. Hypertrichosis positively correlated with C2, C4, Cmax, and AUC. An AUC ≥ 4158 ng/ml per h was the best predictor for the presence of hypertrichosis. Tremor was also positively correlated with C2, Cmax, and AUC. A Cmax ≥ 878 ng/ml was the best predictor for the appearance of tremor. These values of Cmax and AUC are within the therapeutic range of CsA as demonstrated by the studies of calcineurin inhibition by CsA. Gingival hyperplasia was not associated with any of the CsA-PK studied parameters. However, it was associated with the concomitant use of nifedipine. These data show that there is a correlation between the CsA side effects and its pharmacokinetics and that it is possible to decrease the incidence and intensity of such side effects by monitoring the CsA-PK parameters, providing they are under or at the proposed cutoff levels. Nifedipine should also be avoided to reduce the presence of gingival hyperplasia.
Role of cranial radiotherapy for childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high WBC count and good response to prednisone. Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica and the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster groups.
Authors: V Conter, M Schrappe, M Aricó, A Reiter, C Rizzari, M Dördelmann, M G Valsecchi, M Zimmermann, W D Ludwig, G Basso, G Masera, H Riehm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE The ALL-BFM 90 and AIEOP-ALL 91 studies share the same treatment backbone and have 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rates close to 75%. This study evaluated the impact of differing presymptomatic CNS therapies in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients with a good response to prednisone (PGR) according to WBC count and Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) risk factor (RF). PATIENTS A total of 192 patients (141 boys; median age, 7.5 years) with T-ALL, PGR, RF less than 1.7, and no CNS leukemia diagnosed between 1990 and 1995 were enrolled onto the ALL-BFM 90 (n = 123) or AIEOP-ALL 91 (n = 69) study. Presymptomatic CNS therapy consisted of cranial radiation (CRT) and intrathecal methotrexate (I.T. MTX) (11 doses) in the BFM study and of extended triple intrathecal therapy (T.I.T.) (17 doses) in the Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP) study. Patients were divided into a low-WBC group (WBC count &lt; 100,000/microL) and a high-WBC group (WBC count &gt; 100,000/microL). EFS was compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS For patients treated with CRT and I.T. MTX (BFM group), the 3-year EFS rate was 89.8% (SE = 3.5) for 99 patients in the low-WBC group versus 81.9% (SE = 8.2) in the high-WBC group (difference not significant). Conversely, for patients treated with T.I.T. alone (AIEOP group), the EFS rate was 80.6% (SE = 5.6) in 55 patients with a low WBC count versus 17.9% (SE = 11.0) in 14 patients with a high WBC count (P &lt; .001). CONCLUSION These data suggest that CRT may not be necessary in PGR T-ALL patients with a WBC count less than 100,000/microL; on the contrary, in patients with a high count, extended T.I.T. may be inferior to CRT and I.T. MTX.
Identification and in vitro expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for human neutrophil elastase
Authors: Hiroshi Fujiwara, Frank El Ouriaghli, Matthias Grube, David A. Price, Katayoun Rezvani, Emma Gostick, Giuseppe Sconocchia, Jos Melenhorst, Nancy Hensel, Daniel C. Douek, A. John Barrett
Journal: Blood (2003)
REDEFINING BODY COMPOSITION: Nutrients, Hormones, and Genes in Meat Production
Authors: C. Diane Wray-Cahen, David E. Kerr, Christina M. Evock-Clover, Norman C. Steele
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1998)

▪ Abstract Growth rate and body composition of livestock can be optimized to meet consumer needs for a leaner product and to improve the efficiency of meat-animal production. Optimization strategies have traditionally focused on genetic selection and cost-effective ration formulation to achieve the genetic potential. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of growth and its control have led to additional opportunities for its manipulation. These include nutritional manipulation, the use of growth promotants, and, more recently, the ability to change the genetic potential through genetic engineering. Selection of appropriate candidate genes for manipulation depends on understanding the mechanisms underlying differentiation and growth of embryonic muscle cells. Recent advances in genetic engineering techniques, including gene therapy and germline transgenesis, will likely hasten the genetic progress toward a leaner carcass in domestic livestock. Such strategies may prove to be more beneficial than the controlled enhancement of somatotropin expression.
Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia After Cryolipolysis
Authors: H. Ray Jalian, Mathew M. Avram, Lilit Garibyan, Martin C. Mihm, R. Rox Anderson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Cryolipolysis is the noninvasive reduction of fat with localized cutaneous cooling. Since initial introduction, over 650,000 cryolipolysis treatment cycles have been performed worldwide. We present a previously unreported, rare adverse effect following cryolipolysis: paradoxical adipose hyperplasia.A man in his 40s underwent a single cycle of cryolipolysis to his abdomen. Three months following his treatment, a gradual enlargement of the treatment area was noted. This enlargement was a large, well-demarcated subcutaneous mass, slightly tender to palpation. Imaging studies revealed accumulation of adipose tissue with normal signal intensity within the treatment area.Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia is a rare, previously unreported adverse effect of cryolipolysis with an incidence of 0.0051%. No single unifying risk factor has been identified. The phenomenon seems to be more common in male patients undergoing cryolipolysis. At this time, there is no evidence of spontaneous resolution. Further studies are needed to characterize the pathogenesis and histologic findings of this rare adverse event.
Rapid Prototyping for Biomedical Engineering: Current Capabilities and Challenges
Authors: Andrés Díaz Lantada, Pilar Lafont Morgado
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2012)

A new set of manufacturing technologies has emerged in the past decades to address market requirements in a customized way and to provide support for research tasks that require prototypes. These new techniques and technologies are usually referred to as rapid prototyping and manufacturing technologies, and they allow prototypes to be produced in a wide range of materials with remarkable precision in a couple of hours. Although they have been rapidly incorporated into product development methodologies, they are still under development, and their applications in bioengineering are continuously evolving. Rapid prototyping and manufacturing technologies can be of assistance in every stage of the development process of novel biodevices, to address various problems that can arise in the devices' interactions with biological systems and the fact that the design decisions must be tested carefully. This review focuses on the main fields of application for rapid prototyping in biomedical engineering and health sciences, as well as on the most remarkable challenges and research trends.
The cytolethal distending toxin from the chancroid bacterium Haemophilus ducreyi induces cell-cycle arrest in the G2 phase
Authors: Ximena Cortes-Bratti, Esteban Chaves-Olarte, Teresa Lagergård, Monica Thelestam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

The potent cytolethal distending toxin produced by Haemophilus ducreyi is a putative virulence factor in the pathogenesis of chancroid. We studied its action on eukaryotic cells, with the long-term goal of understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. Intoxication of cultured human epithelial-like cells, human keratinocytes, and hamster fibroblasts was irreversible, and appeared as a gradual distention of three- to fivefold the size of control cells. Organized actin assemblies appeared concomitantly with cell enlargement, promoted by a mechanism that probably does not involve small GTPases of the Rho protein family. Intoxicated cells did not proliferate. Similar to cells treated with other cytolethal distending toxins, these cells accumulated in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, demonstrating an increased level of the tyrosine phosphorylated (inactive) form of the cyclin-dependent kinase p34cdc2. DNA synthesis was not affected until several hours after this increase, suggesting that the toxin acts directly on some kinase/phosphatase in the signaling network controlling the p34cdc2 activity. We propose that this toxin has an important role both in the generation of chancroid ulcers and in their slow healing. The toxin may also be an interesting new tool for molecular studies of the eukaryotic cell- cycle machinery.
Office Based Oral Desensitization of Patients With Non-Anaphylactic Sensitivity to Foods Is Safe and Effective
Authors: A.R. Gallucci, R.L. Wasserman, L.E. Mansfield, H.R. Hutteman, A.M. Ruvalcaba, N.A. Long, D.M. Pence
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Role of HLA genes in familial spondyloarthropathy
Authors: M A Brown
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Role of HLA genes in familial spondyloarthropathySaid-Nahal and colleagues report an intriguing finding of an association with HLA-DR4 independent of B27 in families with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 1 a finding highlighted by an accompanying editorial. 2 The approach of studying B27 positive and B27 negative haplotypes may prove powerful in identifying further cis or trans encoded genes involved in AS.However, the reported association of DR4 with AS is quite a surprising finding given that no difference was noted in B27-DR4 haplotype frequencies in patients and ethnically matched healthy controls.Many previous studies have not reported any such association, 3-9 including a similar preliminary study by the same authors. 10Although these studies were mainly case-control studies, population stratification is highly unlikely to cause a false negative finding if the effect size of the reported association with DR4 is as high as Said-Nahal and colleagues describe.We are concerned that both the family and case-control results are biased by the statistical approach employed.Multicase families were used in the study, yet a form of transmission test for linkage disequilibrium (TDT) was used 11 which is only suitable for single affected families, and is a valid test only of linkage, and not of association, when applied to multicase families. 12Therefore the TDT p values reported in tables 5, 6, and 7 of Said-Nahal's paper 1 for the patients and unaffected B27+siblings do not reflect association alone, and will be affected by the strong linkage of the major histocompatibility complex with AS, and also probably by bias due to the different numbers of parent-case trios selected from different multicase families.Forms of TDT are available for general pedigree families and are more powerful than the TDT employed in this study (for example, see Clayton 13 ).These biases also apply to the case-control component of the study (results presented in tables 2, 3, and 4) where it appears that related cases were employed.If so, these results also reflect both linkage and association.We would be interested to see the results of a further analysis allowing for these considerations.
Erythema multiforme major in a 2-month-old child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Authors: D. SALOMON, J-H. SAURAT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Erythema multiforme major in a 2‐month‐old child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection Get access D. SALOMON, D. SALOMON Clinique de Dermatologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland Dr Denis Salomon, Clinique de Dermatologie, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, CH‐1211 Genéve 4, Switzerland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐H. SAURAT J‐H. SAURAT Clinique de Dermatologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 6, 1 December 1990, Pages 797–800, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb04200.x Published: 01 December 1990
Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias after Cardiac Arrest in Public versus at Home
Authors: Myron L. Weisfeldt, Siobhan Everson-Stewart, Colleen Sitlani, Thomas Rea, Tom P. Aufderheide, Dianne L. Atkins, Blair Bigham, Steven C. Brooks, Christopher Foerster, Randal Gray, Joseph P. Ornato, Judy Powell, Peter J. Kudenchuk, Laurie J. Morrison
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The incidence of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia as the first recorded rhythm after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest has unexpectedly declined. The success of bystander-deployed automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in public settings suggests that this may be the more common initial rhythm when out-of-hospital cardiac arrest occurs in public. We conducted a study to determine whether the location of the arrest, the type of arrhythmia, and the probability of survival are associated.Between 2005 and 2007, we conducted a prospective cohort study of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in adults in 10 North American communities. We assessed the frequencies of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia and of survival to hospital discharge for arrests at home as compared with arrests in public.Of 12,930 evaluated out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, 2042 occurred in public and 9564 at home. For cardiac arrests at home, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia was 25% when the arrest was witnessed by emergency-medical-services (EMS) personnel, 35% when it was witnessed by a bystander, and 36% when a bystander applied an AED. For cardiac arrests in public, the corresponding rates were 38%, 60%, and 79%. The adjusted odds ratio for initial ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia in public versus at home was 2.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96 to 2.66; P < 0.001) for bystander-witnessed arrests and 4.48 (95% CI, 2.23 to 8.97; P<0.001) for arrests in which bystanders applied AEDs. The rate of survival to hospital discharge was 34% for arrests in public settings with AEDs applied by bystanders versus 12% for arrests at home (adjusted odds ratio, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.03 to 5.99; P = 0.04).Regardless of whether out-of-hospital cardiac arrests are witnessed by EMS personnel or bystanders and whether AEDs are applied by bystanders, the proportion of arrests with initial ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia is much greater in public settings than at home. The incremental value of resuscitation strategies, such as the ready availability of an AED, may be related to the place where the arrest occurs.
Allelic exclusion at DNA rearrangement level is required to prevent coexpression of two distinct T cell receptor beta genes.
Authors: J P van Meerwijk, P Romagnoli, A Iglesias, H Bluethmann, M Steinmetz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

In mice double transgenic for functionally rearranged T cell receptor (TCR) V beta 2 and V beta 8.2 genes we found that most T lymphocytes express both TCR beta chains simultaneously. These T cells show no abnormality in thymic selection in vivo and their TCRs are capable of transducing activation signals in vitro. These results indicate that multispecific T cells may appear in the periphery if allelic exclusion of TCR beta genes is not established at the level of gene rearrangement.