tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Generalized pruritus in primary sclerosing cholangitis: implications of histamine release by lysophosphatidic acid
Authors: T. Hashimoto, T. Satoh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Generalized pruritus in primary sclerosing cholangitis: implications of histamine release by lysophosphatidic acid Get access T. Hashimoto, T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology National Defense Medical College 3‐2 Namiki Tokorozawa 359‐8513 Saitama Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Satoh T. Satoh Department of Dermatology National Defense Medical College 3‐2 Namiki Tokorozawa 359‐8513 Saitama Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 5, 1 November 2015, Pages 1334–1336, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13992 Published: 01 November 2015
PERSISTENT HALLUCINOSIS FOLLOWING REPEATED ADMINISTRATION OF HALLUCINOGENIC DRUGS
Authors: SAUL H. ROSENTHAL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

The use of hallucinogenic drugs carries a danger which is not sufficiently recognized, namely that of prolonged adverse reactions. Among these reactions is a chronic hallucinatory state or hallucinosis which is occasionally seen after repeated drug administrations. Several characteristic cases have been reported in the literature and a further case is added here.
Increased procollagen alpha1(I) mRNA expression by dermal fibroblasts in melorheostosis
Authors: H. Endo, A. Katsumi, K. Kuroda, A. Utani, H. Moriya, H. Shinkai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Summary We report a patient with melorheostosis in whom increased procollagen α1(I) mRNA expression and α1(I), α2(I) and α1(III) collagen secretion were observed in dermal fibroblasts obtained from a skin biopsy overlying the involved bone. The patient was a 53-year-old man with melorheostosis lesions over the left knee joint. Multiple pigmented macules were present on the medial aspect of the lower left leg. Hyperpigmentation of the basal keratinocytes, thick-walled vessels in the reticular dermis, and proliferation of normal-appearing collagen around the hair follicles were observed histologically.
Inducibility of arylhydrocarbon-hydroxylase activity in human hair follicles by topical application of liquor carbonis detergens (coal tar)
Authors: H. MERK, M. RUMPF, K. BOLSEN, G. WIRTH, G. GOERZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Arylhydrocarbon-hydroxylase (AHH) is a cytochrome P-450-dependent polysubstrate mono-oxygenase which plays an important role in converting some compounds (e.g. benzo[a]pyrene) to highly reactive carcinogenic species. A simple AHH assay is described, using [3H]benzo[a]-pyrene as substrate. 7,8-Benzoflavone (10-4 M) inhibits 92% of the measured enzyme activity. Liquor carbonis detergens (which contains coal tar) induces AHH activity in human hair follicles in vivo. We suggest that using this simple assay, hair follicles would be a very suitable tissue to test whether the AHH-controlling gene is of significance in producing cancer.
Impact of Low Birth Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Endothelial Function in Early Adult Life
Authors: C. P. M. Leeson, M. Kattenhorn, R. Morley, A. Lucas, J. E. Deanfield
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Low birth weight is related to increased risk of coronary heart disease in adults and recently has been associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in children. We investigated whether the relation between birth weight and endothelial function was still present in early adult life and whether there was an interaction with emerging risk factors.In 315 adults (165 women, 150 men, aged 20 to 28 years), high-resolution ultrasound was used to determine endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular responses of the brachial artery. Vascular measures were related to classic risk factors (smoking history, lipid profile, blood pressure, fasting insulin, exercise capacity, body mass index, and combined risk score) and birth weight. Low birth weight was associated with reduced flow-mediated dilation (coefficient=0.18 kg(-1), 95% CI 0.004 to 0.35, P:=0.04) but not with endothelium-independent dilation. The difference in flow-mediated dilation between the top and bottom fifths of birth weight was the same as between smokers and nonsmokers. Increasing levels of acquired risk factors overwhelmed the association, and there was a significant interaction of risk score with the birth weight-endothelial function relation (coefficient of interaction term [birth weightxrisk score] = -0.12, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.03, P:=0.01).Low birth weight is associated with endothelial dysfunction in young adults. This is most marked in individuals with lower risk factor profiles and may be relevant to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in later life.
Adjuvant Breast Cancer Treatment and Cognitive Function: Current Knowledge and Research Directions
Authors: K.-A. Phillips, J. Bernhard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

Evidence is mounting that potentially curative systemic adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer may result in cognitive impairment. Five published studies have investigated cognitive function in this setting, and the consistent results of all five studies suggest an adverse effect of adjuvant chemotherapy. These studies are reviewed with particular attention to their methodologic limitations. For example, all five studies used cross-sectional designs, none controlled for possible confounding hormonal factors, and three examined patients who had not received a uniform chemotherapy regimen. The potential roles of chemotherapy-induced menopause and of adjuvant hormonal therapy in cognitive impairment are also discussed. Priorities for future research include confirmation of an effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in a study with a longitudinal design, closer examination of the potential contribution of hormonal factors, and similar studies on the effect of adjuvant therapy on cognitive function in other cancer types. If an effect of systemic adjuvant therapy on cognitive function is confirmed, such an effect will have implications for informed consent. It may also result in incorporation of objective measures of cognition in clinical trials of adjuvant therapy and in the investigation of preventive interventions that might minimize the impact of cognitive dysfunction after cancer treatment.
A 3′-UTR KRAS-variant is associated with cisplatin resistance in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: C.H. Chung, J.W. Lee, R.J. Slebos, J.D. Howard, J. Perez, H. Kang, E.J. Fertig, M. Considine, J. Gilbert, B.A. Murphy, S. Nallur, T. Paranjape, R.C. Jordan, J. Garcia, B. Burtness, A.A. Forastiere, J.B. Weidhaas
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
AN UNUSUAL PROTEIN COMPONENT OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT IN THE SERUM OF CERTAIN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: E. C. Franklin, H. R. Holman, H. J. Müller-Eberhard, H. G. Kunkel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

In the sera of a number of patients with rheumatoid arthritis an unusual, high molecular weight protein component could be detected by direct ultracentrifuge analysis of whole serum. This material sedimented more rapidly than the normal 19 S component and reached concentrations up to 340 mg. per cent. Similar components were not observed in a limited control series. The high molecular weight material was present in the gamma-globulin fraction of serum and joint fluid. It had an S20,(w) of approximately 22 S and could be dissociated into 2 fractions, one of which had a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 19 S. Evidence for a direct relationship between the 22 S component and the gamma-globulin precipitation test was obtained. The latter reaction was found to occur in the presence of altered, aggregated gamma globulin. Absorption of serum with altered gamma globulin removed the 22 S component. There also appeared to be a connection with the sheep cell agglutination reaction and the latex fixation test. The 22 S fraction was always observed in sera giving the most positive tests. Procedures of density gradient and repeated preparative ultracentrifugation demonstrated that each of these reactions was caused by a high molecular weight fraction. The relationship between the unusual protein complex and various 19 S gamma-globulins and 19 S antibodies is discussed.
Isolation and Characterization of Kidney-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Sandeep Gupta, Catherine Verfaillie, David Chmielewski, Stefan Kren, Keith Eidman, Jeffrey Connaire, Yves Heremans, Troy Lund, Mark Blackstad, Yuehua Jiang, Aernout Luttun, Mark E. Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Acute kidney injury is followed by regeneration of damaged renal tubular epithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that renal stem cells exist in the adult kidney and participate in the repair process. A unique population of cells that behave in a manner that is consistent with a renal stem cell were isolated from rat kidneys and were termed multipotent renal progenitor cells (MRPC). Features of these cells include spindle-shaped morphology; self-renewal for >200 population doublings without evidence for senescence; normal karyotype and DNA analysis; and expression of vimentin, CD90 (thy1.1), Pax-2, and Oct4 but not cytokeratin, MHC class I or II, or other markers of more differentiated cells. MRPC exhibit plasticity that is demonstrated by the ability of the cells to be induced to express endothelial, hepatocyte, and neural markers by reverse transcriptase–PCR and immunohistochemistry. The cells can differentiate into renal tubules when injected under the capsule of an uninjured kidney or intra-arterially after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Oct4 expression was seen in some tubular cells in the adult kidney, suggesting these cells may be candidate renal stem cells. It is proposed that MRPC participate in the regenerative response of the kidney to acute injury.
Cytochrome c oxidase is activated by the oncoprotein Ras and is required for A549 lung adenocarcinoma growth
Authors: Sucheta Telang, Kristin K Nelson, Deanna L Siow, Abdullah Yalcin, Joshua M Thornburg, Yoannis Imbert-Fernandez, Alden C Klarer, Hanan Farghaly, Brian F Clem, John W Eaton, Jason Chesney
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2012)

Abstract Background Constitutive activation of Ras in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells increases electron transport chain activity, oxygen consumption and tricarboxylic acid cycling through unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that members of the Ras family may stimulate respiration by enhancing the expression of the Vb regulatory subunit of cytochrome c oxidase (COX). Results We found that the introduction of activated H-Ras V12 into immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells increased eIF4E-dependent COX Vb protein expression simultaneously with an increase in COX activity and oxygen consumption. In support of the regulation of COX Vb expression by the Ras family, we also found that selective siRNA-mediated inhibition of K-Ras expression in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells reduced COX Vb protein expression, COX activity, oxygen consumption and the steady-state concentration of ATP. We postulated that COX Vb-mediated activation of COX activity may be required for the anchorage-independent growth of A549 cells as soft agar colonies or as lung xenografts. We transfected the A549 cells with COX Vb small interfering or shRNA and observed a significant reduction of their COX activity, oxygen consumption, ATP and ability to grow in soft agar and as poorly differentiated tumors in athymic mice. Conclusion Taken together, our findings indicate that the activation of Ras increases COX activity and mitochondrial respiration in part via up-regulation of COX Vb and that this regulatory subunit of COX may have utility as a Ras effector target for the development of anti-neoplastic agents.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON TUBERCULOSIS OF THE KIDNEY, WITH ILLUSTRATIVE CASES
Authors: J. M. Renton
Journal: BMJ (1914)

lXWO 8 II of giving reliable results even in a limited material.It is the metlhod of the practitioner, and without it no rational therapy couLld hlave been developed.For even the largest coarse statistics, wllich answer merely the question of the course of a disease withl and witlhout treatment, fail and are deceptive wlhen the conditions are at all complicated.For a decision on surface therapeutic action (suclh, for instance, as the effect of openiing an abscess) the method of coarse statistics may indeed be used, but is as a rule entirely superfluous, becauise the method of fine statistics wvhllich we lave indicated-tllat is to say, the observation of a series of cases treated according to the method in question-answers such questionis at siglht, aDd therefore illluch mlore quickly and with less trouible.To convince the reader by suclh a metlhod of fine statistics there is -no ieed to publish tables; it is niot only sufficient, but imupera- tive.to do wlhat Dr. Batty Slhaw lhas left undone-to give dletailed and critically stated accounts of cases, out of wvliichl tlle reader can lhimself otoi k out tlle fine statistics, exactly as lie is in the lhabit of, doing in hiis own practice.Thec difficulty of obtaining any firm basis for a tlherapeutic judgement from stcli publisled cases is that these often do not correspond to tlle standards wlichl any critical reader iml-poses on himself, annd that thje standards vary largely according to the medical cultture of thle autlhor.On this is based the stat' -ent wliclh I have often applied especially to the tuberculin question-tlhat tlerapeutic conviction, in contrast to almost all otlher human knowledge, cain hiar-dly be transmijitted, but is almost exclu- sively attainable by personal obseivation.In medicine that alone stands on a firm basis which has been clearly seen and experienced personally.
Abnormal liver function found after an unplanned consultation: case presentation
Authors: James Heathcote
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Mrs Prior is a 40 year old housewife whose husband frequently attends the surgery because of his diabetes. They are a close couple, and she takes the lead in managing his condition. In the past three years she has consulted her general practitioner just once on her own account—for dyspepsia. During one of her husband's consultations (and quite out of character) she mentions three problems of her own: a seven day history of intermittent “cystitis,” for which she …
Muscle fatigue in fibromyalgia is in the brain, not in the muscles: a case–control study of perceived versus objective muscle fatigue
Authors: Elisabeth Bandak, Kirstine Amris, Henning Bliddal, Bente Danneskiold-Samsøe, Marius Henriksen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

Objective To investigate relationships between perceived and objectively measured muscle fatigue during exhausting muscle contractions in women with fibromyalgia (FM) compared with healthy controls (HC). Methods Women with FM and HC completed an isometric muscle exhaustion task at 90° shoulder abduction. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity in the deltoid muscle was recorded together with self-reported level of muscle fatigue. Results 25 participants with FM and 23 HC were included. Average time to exhaustion was 254 s shorter in participants with FM than in HC. Participants with FM did not exhibit the same level of objective signs of muscle fatigue, seen as fewer changes in the EMG activity, as the HC during the exhaustion task. The task did not provoke pain in the HC, while participants with FM reported a doubling of pain. Conclusions Women with FM had shorter exhaustion times and showed fewer objective signs of muscle fatigue during an exhausting isometric shoulder abduction compared with younger HC. This indicates that perceived muscle fatigue may be of central origin and supports the notion of central nervous dysfunction as basic pathological changes in FM.
Purification and characterization of mouse fetal liver epithelial cells with high<i>in vivo</i>repopulation capacity
Authors: Dirk Nierhoff, Atsushi Ogawa, Michael Oertel, Yuan-Qing Chen, David A. Shafritz
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Epithelial cells in embryonic day (ED) 12.5 murine fetal liver were separated from hematopoietic cell populations using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and were characterized by immunocytochemistry using a broad set of antibodies specific for epithelial cells (α-fetoprotein [AFP], albumin [ALB], pancytokeratin [PanCK], Liv2, E-cadherin, Dlk), hematopoietic/endothelial cells (Ter119, CD45, CD31), and stem/progenitor cells (c-Kit, CD34, Sca-1). AFP+/ALB+ cells represented approximately 2.5% of total cells and were positive for the epithelial-specific surface markers Liv2, E-cadherin, and Dlk, but were clearly separated and distinct from hematopoietic cells (Ter119+/CD45+). Fetal liver epithelial cells (AFP+/E-cadherin+) were Sca-1+ but showed no expression of hematopoietic stem cell markers c-Kit and CD34. These cells were enriched by FACS sorting for E-cadherin to a purity of 95% as defined by co-expression of AFP and PanCK. Purified fetal liver epithelial cells formed clusters in cell culture and differentiated along the hepatocytic lineage in the presence of dexamethasone, expressing glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) and tyrosine amino transferase. Wild-type ED12.5 murine fetal liver cells were transplanted into adult dipeptidyl peptidase IV knockout mice and differentiated into mature hepatocytes expressing ALB, G6P, and glycogen, indicating normal biochemical function. Transplanted cells became fully incorporated into the hepatic parenchymal cords and showed up to 80% liver repopulation at 2 to 6 months after cell transplantation. In conclusion , we isolated and highly purified a population of epithelial cells from the ED12.5 mouse fetal liver that are clearly separate from hematopoietic cells and differentiate into mature, functional hepatocytes in vivo with the capacity for efficient liver repopulation. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website ( http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html ). (Hepatology 2005;.)
Platelet-erythrocyte interactions enhance αIIbβ3 integrin receptor activation and P-selectin expression during platelet recruitment: down-regulation by aspirin ex vivo
Authors: Juana Vallés, M. Teresa Santos, Justo Aznar, Marcial Martı́nez, Antonio Moscardó, Marta Piñón, M. Johan Broekman, Aaron J. Marcus
Journal: Blood (2002)
EFFICACY OF MULTIPLE-DOSE HALOFANTRINE IN TREATMENT OF CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN CHILDREN IN KENYA
Authors: W.M Watkins, J.D Lury, D Kariuki, D.K Koech, J.A Oloo, M Mosoba, M Mjomba, H.M Gilles
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
The role of medical school admissions committees in the decline of physician-scientists
Authors: Eric G. Neilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Numerous articles written over the last few years have drawn attention to the disappearance of young physician-scientists (1–5). There are nearly 25% fewer physician-scientists on medical school faculties today than two decades ago (6) and now we know some of the reasons. The heavy accumulation of debt through many years of research training is one explanation (7). So is the difficulty of providing a useful research experience in the modern training curriculum (8–10), or reaching trainees who have no real understanding of what it means to be a physician-scientist before their career choices are made (3, 11). Some students attend medical schools that offer little investigative opportunity (3, 12, 13), and of course there are questions about earning a living from academic life. While these reasons partly explain the problem, I would add one more. Medical schools no longer matriculate sufficient numbers of students who are deeply interested in science.
Host Acid Sphingomyelinase Regulates Microvascular Function Not Tumor Immunity
Authors: Monica Garcia-Barros, Daniel Lacorazza, Howard Petrie, Adriana Haimovitz-Friedman, Carlos Cardon-Cardo, Stephen Nimer, Zvi Fuks, Richard Kolesnick
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Previous studies provided evidence that MCA/129 fibrosarcomas and B16 melanomas grow 2- to 4-fold faster in acid sphingomyelinase (asmase)–deficient mice than in asmase+/+ littermates and are resistant to single-dose irradiation due to inability to mount an apoptotic response in tumor microvascular endothelium. However, others postulated the differences might be associated with a host antitumor immune response in asmase+/+ mice that is not expressed in asmase−/− mice due to phenotypic deficiency in antitumor immunity. The present studies demonstrate that none of the tumor–host combinations displayed the classic criteria of an immunogenic tumor because they lacked endotumoral or peritumoral infiltrates almost entirely. Furthermore, neither MCA/129 fibrosarcoma nor B16 melanoma tumors showed differences in growth or radioresponsiveness when implanted into mutant mouse models (Rag−/− and MEF−/−) lacking functional immune cell [natural killer (NK), NK-T, T, and B cells] populations. Additionally, development and function of B-, T-, and NK-cell populations in asmase−/− mice were normal, indistinguishable from their wild-type littermates. These data provide definitive evidence that MCA/129 fibrosarcomas and B16F1 melanomas do not elicit a host immune response in wild-type mice and that the asmase−/− phenotype is not deficient in antitumor immunity, supporting the notion that the patterns of tumors growth and radiation response are conditionally linked to the ability of the tumor endothelium to undergo ASMase-mediated apoptosis.
Phase II Trial of Bevacizumab in Persistent or Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer or Primary Peritoneal Cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Authors: Robert A. Burger, Michael W. Sill, Bradley J. Monk, Benjamin E. Greer, Joel I. Sorosky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) seems to be a promoter of tumor progression for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and primary peritoneal cancer (PPC). We conducted a phase II trial to assess the efficacy and tolerability of single-agent bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody.Eligible patients had persistent or recurrent EOC/PPC after one to two prior cytotoxic regimens, measurable disease, and Gynecologic Oncology Group performance status of at least 2. Treatment consisted of bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 21 days until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity. Primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and clinical response.The study consisted of 62 eligible and assessable patients, median age 57 years, 41 (66.1%) having received two prior regimens and 36 (58.1%) [CORRECTED] considered platinum resistant. Grade 3 adverse events at least possibly related to bevacizumab were hematologic (1), GI (3), hypertension (6), thromboembolism (1), allergy (2), hepatic (1), pain (3), coagulation (1), constitutional (1), and dyspnea (1). Grade 4 adverse events included pulmonary embolus (1), vomiting and constipation (1), and proteinuria (1). Thirteen patients (21.0%) experienced clinical responses (two complete, 11 partial; median response duration, 10 months), and 25 (40.3%) survived progression free for at least 6 months. Median PFS and overall survival were 4.7 and 17 months, respectively. There was no significant association of prior platinum sensitivity, age, number of prior chemotherapeutic regimens, or performance status with the hazard of progression or death.Bevacizumab seems to be well tolerated and active in the second- and third-line treatment of patients with EOC/PPC and merits phase III investigation.