tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Donor Ethnicity Influences Outcomes following Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplantation in Black Recipients
Authors: Jayme E. Locke, Daniel S. Warren, Francesca Dominici, Andrew M. Cameron, M. Sue Leffell, Deborah A. McRann, J. Keith Melancon, Dorry L. Segev, Christopher E. Simpkins, Andrew L. Singer, Andrea A. Zachary, Robert A. Montgomery
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Although the majority of deceased-donor kidneys are donated after brain death, increased recovery of kidneys donated after cardiac death could reduce the organ shortage and is now a national priority. Racial disparities in donations after brain death have been well described for renal transplantation, but it is unknown whether similar disparities occur in donations after cardiac death. In this study, outcomes of adult deceased-donor renal transplant recipients included in the United Network for Organ Sharing database (1993 through 2006) were analyzed. Among black recipients of kidneys obtained after cardiac death, those who received kidneys from black donors had better long-term graft and patient survival than those who received kidneys from white donors. In addition, compared with standard-criteria kidneys from white donors after brain death, kidneys from black donors after cardiac death conferred a 70% reduction in the risk for graft loss (adjusted hazard ratio 0.30; 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.65; P = 0.002) and a 59% reduction in risk for death (adjusted hazard ratio 0.41; 95% confidence interval 0.2 to 0.87; P = 0.02) among black recipients. These findings suggest that kidneys obtained from black donors after cardiac death may afford the best long-term survival for black recipients.
Patient weighting of importance of asthma symptoms
Authors: Liesl Marten Osman, Lynda McKenzie, John Alexander Cairns, James Friend, David John Godden, J. S. Legge, J. G. Douglas
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Quality of life measures are increasingly important in evaluating outcomes in asthma. If some asthma symptoms are more troublesome to patients than others, this may affect their contribution to outcome measures. This study was designed to assess the relative importance of common symptoms in adults with asthma.A postal survey using conjoint analysis was performed in 272 adults attending hospital outpatient clinics with moderately severe asthma. Patients were asked to chose between "symptom scenarios" offering different combinations of levels of five common asthma symptoms over one week. Two versions of the questionnaire were used with identical scenarios presenting symptoms in different orders. Different patients answered the two versions. Regression analysis was used to calculate symptom weights for daytime cough, breathlessness, wheeze and chest tightness, and sleep disturbance.Symptom order, percentage predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF), and symptoms in the week before the survey did not influence the choice of scenario. In both questionnaires patients were more likely to choose scenarios with low levels of cough and breathlessness than low sleep disturbance, wheeze or chest tightness. Regression weights for cough (-0.52) and breathlessness (-0.49) were twice those of wheeze (-0.25), chest tightness (-0.27), and sleep disturbance (-0.25). For 12% of patients cough dominated patient preferences, regardless of all other symptoms. Age was inversely related to weight given by patients to breathlessness.The prominence of cough among other asthma symptoms was unexpected. Daytime cough and breathlessness had greater impact for patients than wheeze or sleep disturbance. Age influenced symptom burden, with younger patients giving greater weight to breathlessness than older patients. Conjoint analysis appears to be a useful method for establishing the relative importance of common symptoms.
Needle Biopsies on Autopsy Prostates: Sensitivity of Cancer Detection Based on True Prevalence
Authors: G. P. Haas, N. B. Delongchamps, R. F. Jones, V. Chandan, A. M. Serio, A. J. Vickers, M. Jumbelic, G. Threatte, R. Korets, H. Lilja, G. de la Roza
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

BackgroundIt is difficult to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of biopsy for prostate cancer because men with negative biopsy do not undergo radical prostatectomy and thus have no confirmation of biopsy findings.
Translating Genomics in Cancer Care
Authors: Yvonne Bombard, Peter B. Bach, Kenneth Offit
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

There is increasing enthusiasm for genomics and its promise in advancing personalized medicine. Genomic information has been used to personalize health care for decades, spanning the fields of cardiovascular disease, infectious disease, endocrinology, metabolic medicine, and hematology. However, oncology has often been the first test bed for the clinical translation of genomics for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications. Notable hereditary cancer examples include testing for mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 in unaffected women to identify those at significantly elevated risk for developing breast and ovarian cancers, and screening patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer for mutations in 4 mismatch repair genes to reduce morbidity and mortality in their relatives. Somatic genomic testing is also increasingly used in oncology, with gene expression profiling of breast tumors and EGFR testing to predict treatment response representing commonly used examples. Health technology assessment provides a rigorous means to inform clinical and policy decision-making through systematic assessment of the evidentiary base, along with precepts of clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and consideration of risks and benefits for health care delivery and society. Although this evaluation is a fundamental step in the translation of any new therapeutic, procedure, or diagnostic test into clinical care, emerging developments may threaten this standard. These include "direct to consumer" genomic risk assessment services and the challenges posed by incidental results generated from next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. This article presents a review of the evidentiary standards and knowledge base supporting the translation of key cancer genomic technologies along the continuum of validity, utility, cost-effectiveness, health service impacts, and ethical and societal issues, and offers future research considerations to guide the responsible introduction of NGS technologies into health care. It concludes that significant evidentiary gaps remain in translating genomic technologies into routine clinical practice, particularly in efficacy, health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and health services research. These caveats are especially germane in the context of NGS, wherein efforts are underway to translate NGS results despite their limited accuracy, lack of proven efficacy, and significant computational and counseling challenges. Further research across these domains is critical to inform the effective, efficient, and equitable translation of genomics into cancer care.
EXPRESSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ANTIGEN (HIV-Ag) IN SERUM AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DURING ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFECTION
Authors: Jaap Goudsmit, DeborahA. Paul, JoepM.A. Lange, Hans Speelman, Jan Van Der Noordaa, HayoJ. Van Der Helm, Frank De Wolf, LeonG. Epstein, WillyJ.A. Krone, EricCh. Wolters, JamesM. Oleske, RoelA. Coutinho
Journal: The Lancet (1986)
Differential expression of collagen integrin receptor on fetal vs. adult skin fibroblasts: implication in wound contraction during healing
Authors: V. Moulin, M. Plamondon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Differential expression of collagen integrin receptor on fetal vs. adult skin fibroblasts: implication in wound contraction during healing Get access V. Moulin, V. Moulin Laboratoire d'organogenèse expérimentale (LOEX), Hôpital Saint‐Sacrement du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec and Surgery Department, Laval University, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8 Véronique Moulin PhD, LOEX, Hôpital Saint‐Sacrement du CHA de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte‐Foy, Québec, PQ, Canada G1S 4L8. http://www.fmed.ulaval.ca/loex E‐mail: veronique.moulin@chg.ulaval.ca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Plamondon M. Plamondon Laboratoire d'organogenèse expérimentale (LOEX), Hôpital Saint‐Sacrement du Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec and Surgery Department, Laval University, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 5, 1 November 2002, Pages 886–892, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04975.x Published: 01 November 2002 Article history Accepted: 28 March 2002 Published: 01 November 2002
PKA Activation Bypasses the Requirement for UNC-31 in the Docking of Dense Core Vesicles from C. elegans Neurons
Authors: Ke-Ming Zhou, Yong-Ming Dong, Qian Ge, Dan Zhu, Wei Zhou, Xian-Guang Lin, Tao Liang, Zheng-Xing Wu, Tao Xu
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Variability in Immunological Responsiveness to Non-&lt;italic&gt;H&lt;/italic&gt;-2 Antigenic Differences&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B H Sanford, S B Carrol, B A Holdridge
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Significant differences in the percentage mortality observed in a genetically uniform population were found to be related to tumor cell dosage and to nonspecific reticuloendothelial influences. In the experimental system used in these studies, a major incompatibility between tumor and host was avoided, while other less potent antigenic differences were maintained. Host responsiveness is considered a quantitative character, with underlying continuous variation cut by a threshold into two classes, marked by either death or survival.
Risks of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy and Recommendations for Monitoring
Authors: Ernani Luis Rhoden, Abraham Morgentaler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Although some reports suggest that testosterone-replacement therapy may provide benefits for aging men, considerable controversy remains regarding indications for its use. Neither large-scale nor long-term studies have been initiated, in part because of theoretical concern regarding the risks associated with testosterone therapy, especially the possible stimulation of prostate cancer. This article discusses what is known (and not known) about the risks of testosterone-replacement therapy and provides recommendations for monitoring men who are receiving testosterone.
REQUIREMENT FOR CONTINUOUS ANTIGENIC STIMULATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFERENTIATION OF ANTIBODY-FORMING CELLS
Authors: M. G. Hanna, P. Nettesheim, Mary W. Francis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

The essential role of continuous antigenic stimulation in the development and differentiation of antibody-forming cells as defined in the X-Y-Z immune cell maturation scheme was examined in these studies. Mice were primed with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in an attempt to induce maximum immune progenitor cell conversion (X → Y). Subsequently antigen was depleted at 1 or 4 days after priming with isologous specific antibody in order to interrupt further immune cell differentiation (Y → Z). It was reasoned that this condition would result in depression of the functional antibody-producing cell compartment as measured in the intact mice and subsequently in enhancement of the sensitized (Y cell) compartment as measured in the spleen cell transfer system. These data were also correlated with systematic studies of the hyperplasia of the spleen germinal centers. The effect of passive antibody on the primary response to SRBC was a marked decrease indirect and indirect hemolysin-producing cells (DPFC and IPFC). However, there was a lack of correlation in the degree of antibody-mediated 19S and 7S immune cell suppression during the primary response, the DPFC being much less depressed than the IPFC. As measured in the transfer system there was an enhanced 19S sensitized cell compartment and a depressed 7S sensitized cell compartment in 1 day passively immunized mice. This was true whether or not transfers were performed 1, 2, or 4 wk after priming. Similarly, there was an enhanced 19S-sensitized cell compartment with little or no effect on the 7S-sensitized. cell compartment in 4 day passively immunized mice. These data suggest that progeny of the antigen-stimulated progenitor cells (X cell), as a consequence of lack of further antigenic stimulation, were forced into maturation arrest. These studies further demonstrate that isologous passive antibody suppresses germinal center growth regardless of whether the antibody is infused 1, 2, or 4 days after priming. In terms of formation of sensitized cells, the marked depression of 7S sensitized cell compartment after passive immunization at 24 hr in contrast to the enhancement of the 19S sensitized cell compartment corresponds to the suppressed growth of germinal centers during the primary response. Thus, if the germinal center is, as suggested, the site of proliferative expansion of immunocompetent cells, these data indicate that the germinal center growth is related to the 7S antibody response and in the formation of "7S memory."
Long term effectiveness of antimalarial drugs in rheumatic diseases
Authors: J A. Avina-Zubieta, G. Galindo-Rodriguez, S. Newman, M. E Suarez-Almazor, A. S Russell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> The purpose of this study was to compare the long term effectiveness between chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). <h3>METHODS</h3> Medical charts of all patients seen by eight rheumatologists practising in two tertiary care centres and starting antimalarial treatment between January 1985 and December 1993 were reviewed. Patient characteristics, disease, and treatment information were collected. The main outcome measures were the cause of and the time to the discontinuation of antimalarial drugs resulting from all causes, principally toxicity or inefficacy, or both. Bivariate analysis including <i>t</i> tests and χ<sup>2</sup> tests were used to assess differences between means and proportions respectively. Survival curves were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) was used to adjust for potential confounders. <h3>RESULTS</h3> After all medical records were reviewed, 1042 eligible cases were identified. From these, 940 (90%) had usable information and they represent the cohort. Five hundred and fifty eight had rheumatoid arthritis, 178 had systemic lupus erythematosus, 127 had palindromic arthritis, and 77 had other diagnoses. Fifty seven per cent of the patients received CQ and 43% HCQ. The proportion of patients with side effects taking HCQ and CQ was 15% and 28% respectively (p=0.001). Using Cox regression model to adjust for age at the onset of antimalarial treatment, physician differences, sex, disease type, disease duration before treatment, and rank selection, there were no differences in the hazard ratio (HR) for overall discontinuations between CQ and HCQ. While the HR for discontinuations because of toxicity was lower for HCQ (HR= 0.6, 95% CI 0.4, 0.9), the HR for discontinuations because of inefficacy was significantly higher for HCQ (HR= 1.4, 95% CI 1.1, 1.9). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> After adjusting for time and several confounders HCQ was less toxic but less effective than CQ. Only one case of probable/possible retinopathy was found. Therefore, we propose a careful baseline ophthalmological evaluation by an expert and then one or every two years if proper doses are used.
Frequent Loss of Brm Expression in Gastric Cancer Correlates with Histologic Features and Differentiation State
Authors: Nobutake Yamamichi, Ken-ichi Inada, Masao Ichinose, Mitsue Yamamichi-Nishina, Taketoshi Mizutani, Hirotaka Watanabe, Kazuya Shiogama, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Takuya Okazaki, Naohisa Yahagi, Takeshi Haraguchi, Shuji Fujita, Yutaka Tsutsumi, Masao Omata, Hideo Iba
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

The mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, an essential epigenetic regulator, contains either a single Brm or BRG1 molecule as its catalytic subunit. We observed frequent loss of Brm expression but not of BRG1 in human gastric cancer cell lines. Treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitor rescued Brm expression, indicating epigenetic regulation of this gene, and an RNA interference-based colony formation assay revealed antioncogenic properties of Brm. Brm immunostaining of 89 primary gastric cancers showed an obvious reduction in 60 cases (67%) and a severe decrease in 37 cases (42%). Loss of Brm is frequent in the major gastric cancer types (well- or moderately-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma) and positively correlates with the undifferentiated state. Among the minor gastric cancer types, Brm expression persists in signet-ring cell carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma, but a marked decrease is observed in papillary adenocarcinoma. Intestinal metaplasia never shows decreased expression, indicating that Brm is a valid marker of gastric oncogenesis. In contrast, BRG1 is retained in most cases; a concomitant loss of BRG1 and Brm is rare in gastric cancer, contrary to other malignancies. We further show that Brm is required for villin expression, a definitive marker of intestinal metaplasia and differentiation. Via regulating such genes important for gut differentiation, Brm should play significant roles in determining the histologic features of gastric malignancy.
Incremental predictive power of B-type natriuretic peptide and tissue Doppler echocardiography in the prognosis of patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Hisham Dokainish, William A. Zoghbi, Nasser M. Lakkis, Eunice Ambriz, Rajnikant Patel, Miguel A. Quinones, Sherif F. Nagueh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Pulmonary gas exchange during exercise in young asthmatic patients.
Authors: K A Feisal, F J Fuleihan
Journal: Thorax (1979)

Pulmonary function was examined in 19 young asthmatic patients at rest and during two levels of excercise. Findings at rest included decreased flow rates, increased residual volume, normal minute (VE) and alveolar (VA) ventilation, increased ratio of physiological dead space to tidal volume (VD/VT), increased alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (A-a PO2), and mild arterial hypoxaemia and desaturation. On exercise there was a normal increase in VE and VA, the VD/VT and the A-a PO2 decreased towards normal, and arterial oxygen tension improved, approaching normal levels. Significant acidosis did not develop.
A Phase I Study of Immunization Using Particle-Mediated Epidermal Delivery of Genes for gp100 and GM-CSF into Uninvolved Skin of Melanoma Patients
Authors: Ryan D. Cassaday, Paul M. Sondel, David M. King, Michael D. Macklin, Jacek Gan, Tom F. Warner, Cindy L. Zuleger, Alan J. Bridges, Heidi G. Schalch, Kyung Mann Kim, Jacquelyn A. Hank, David M. Mahvi, Mark R. Albertini
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: We examined in vivo particle-mediated epidermal delivery (PMED) of cDNAs for gp100 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) into uninvolved skin of melanoma patients. The aims of this phase I study were to assess the safety and immunologic effects of PMED of these genes in melanoma patients. Experimental Design: Two treatment groups of six patients each were evaluated. Group I received PMED with cDNA for gp100, and group II received PMED with cDNA for GM-CSF followed by PMED for gp100 at the same site. One vaccine site per treatment cycle was biopsied and divided for protein extraction and sectioning to assess transgene expression, gold-bead penetration, and dendritic cell infiltration. Exploratory immunologic monitoring of HLA-A2+ patients included flow cytometric analyses of peripheral blood lymphocytes and evaluation of delayed-type hypersensitivity to gp100 peptide. Results: Local toxicity in both groups was mild and resolved within 2 weeks. No systemic toxicity could be attributed to the vaccines. Monitoring for autoimmunity showed no induction of pathologic autoantibodies. GM-CSF transgene expression in vaccinated skin sites was detected. GM-CSF and gp100 PMED yielded a greater infiltration of dendritic cells into vaccine sites than did gp100 PMED only. Exploratory immunologic monitoring suggested modest activation of an antimelanoma response. Conclusions: PMED with cDNAs for gp100 alone or in combination with GM-CSF is well tolerated by patients with melanoma. Moreover, pathologic autoimmunity was not shown. This technique yields biologically active transgene expression in normal human skin. Although modest immune responses were observed, additional investigation is needed to determine how to best utilize PMED to induce antimelanoma immune responses.
Is there a serotonin-induced hypertensive coronary chemoreflex in the nonhuman primate?
Authors: K G Cornish, I H Zucker
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of the serotonin-induced coronary chemoreflex in the conscious monkey. Ten chronically prepared and four acute monkeys were used in this study. Five chronically prepared animals had catheters in the left atrium, ascending aorta, descending aorta, and, bilaterally, in the common carotid arteries. In addition, Silastic catheters were placed next to both vagi to permit vagal block with 2% lidocaine. Serotonin was injected (12-200 micrograms/kg) into the left atrium, ascending aorta, descending aorta, or, bilaterally, into the carotid arteries while blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory movements were recorded. Injections of serotonin were associated with hypertension and bradycardia followed by tachycardia, all of which were preceded by a cough response. Atropine blocked the bradycardia, whereas atropine and phentolamine eliminated the cardiovascular components of the reflex. Vagal blockade eliminated the bradycardia but otherwise did not alter the response to left atrial serotonin. Three monkeys were prepared with aortic and left atrial catheters. Subsequently, they were subjected to sinoaortic deafferentation. Serotonin injected into these animals did not alter blood pressure or respiration. The results of this study show that serotonin injected into the left atrium of the conscious monkey produces respiratory and cardiovascular alterations by its effect on aortic and carotid chemoreceptors, and that there is no coronary chemoreflex in the conscious monkey.