tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neuroendocrinelike (small granule) epithelial cells of the lung.
Authors: R P DiAugustine, K S Sonstegard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The presence of neuroendocrinelike epithelial cells in the lung of numerous species has been demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. Histochemical methods used to identify these cells have included staining with silver, amine-type fluorescence (APUD cell), periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-lead hematoxylin, and immunohistochemical localization of neuron-specific enolase. Cytoplasmic dense core vesicles (70-200 nm in diameter) have served as the major ultrastructural characteristic. Lung neuroendocrinelike cells have been shown to occur in fetal and adult mammals as solitary-type cells or as distinct organoids known as neuroepithelial bodies ( NEBs ). Although the frequency of both populations is considered low, solitary-type cells with dense-core granules can be found in as high as 5% of epithelial cells in the cricoid region of the guinea-pig larynx. The solitary cells can be found throughout the airways of mammals, whereas the NEBs are confined to the intrapulmonary airways. Unmyelinated fibers have been traced from the lamina propria and into the NEB, where they ramified between the component cells of the NEB. The function of lung neuroendocrinelike cells is not known, but morphological and cytochemical studies suggest that the NEBs are intrapulmonary chemoreceptors that can respond to changes in airway gas composition. Hypoxia or hypercapnia has been shown to decrease the amine cytofluorescence in these organoids and apparently to increase the exocytosis of dense core vesicles from the basal region of the cell. Immunohistochemical studies have suggested that some lung epithelial cells may contain a known neuropeptide(s), but further investigation is needed to confirm the presence of such compounds in lung neuroendocrinelike cells and their physiochemical properties. Apparent hyperplasia of lung neuroendocrinelike cells can occur readily in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine. It has been postulated that human lung tumors with endocrinelike properties, namely, bronchial carcinoids and lung small cell carcinomas, may originate from lung neuroendocrinelike cells. However, a more plausible explanation, based on cytokinetic studies of epithelial neuroendocrinelike cells in the lung and other organs, is that these cells originate from a nonneuroendocrine population. Interaction of such a progenitor cell population with selected carcinogens may lead to stimulation of the rate of normal differentiation or, alternately, to selection of an abnormal route of differentiation that possesses a neuroendocrine phenotype.
Physiology of the Intestinal Circulation
Authors: Larry C. Carey
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<i>Physiology of Intestinal Circulation</i>, edited by Shephard and Granger, provides a concise and current compendium. While the coverage necessitates some degree of repetition, it is kept to an acceptable minimum. I was struck by the depth and detail of the material presented. The title might more accurately be "Physiology of the Small Intestinal Circulation," since the areas devoted to the stomach and colon (and duodenum) are brief and considerably less detailed than those involving the circulation and physiology of the small intestine. Chapters of notable depth are those on gastrointestinal hormones, permeability characteristics, postprandial mesenteric hyperemia, and metabolic regulation of intestinal control. The experimental models described throughout the text reemphasize the importance of careful selection of experimental animals, if any correlations with humans are to be derived. The emphasis on the dog as a poor model for studying intestinal circulatory physiology is well taken. The pathophysiology chapters, including coverage of
Phantom Tumor of The Lung
Authors: Milton A. Meier
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The "phantom tumor" is a roentgenographic finding caused by fluid localizing in an interlobar fissure of the lung secondary to congestive heart failure. These fluid accumulations have also been called "vanishing tumor" and "pseudo tumor" of the lung because they tend to disappear when the heart failure is treated.<sup>1</sup>The patient to be discussed is unique in that he was able to produce the roentgenographic findings of this syndrome at will by omitting his prescribed medication. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An asymptomatic 73-year-old man was seen at the University of Illinois Hospital for evaluation of a suspicious mass in the right lung noted on a routine x-ray film of the chest (Fig 1). He had been treated and hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis six years previously. Physical examination revealed no evidence of pulmonary or cardiac disease. An electrocardiogram showed an inferior wall infarction of uncertain age. The
Blood Pressure, Left Ventricular Geometry, and Systolic Function in Children Exposed to Inorganic Arsenic
Authors: Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez, Julio C. Ayllon-Vergara, Laura Arreola-Mendoza, Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid, Erika Hernández-Castellanos, Luz C. Sánchez-Peña, Luz M. Del Razo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a ubiquitous element present in the groundwater worldwide. Cardiovascular effects related to iAs exposure have been studied extensively in adult populations. Few epidemiological studies have been focused on iAs exposure-related cardiovascular disease in children.In this study we investigated the association between iAs exposure, blood pressure (BP), and functional and anatomical echocardiographic parameters in children.A cross-sectional study of 161 children between 3 and 8 years was conducted in Central Mexico. The total concentration of arsenic (As) species in urine (U-tAs) was determined by hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry and lifetime iAs exposure was estimated by multiplying As concentrations measured in drinking water by the duration of water consumption in years (LAsE). BP was measured by standard protocols, and M-mode echocardiographic parameters were determined by ultrasonography.U-tAs concentration and LAsE were significantly associated with diastolic (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in multivariable linear regression models: DBP and SBP were 0.013 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.024) and 0.021 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.037) mmHg higher in association with each 1-ng/mL increase in U-tAs (p < 0.025), respectively. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly associated with LAsE [5.5 g higher (95% CI: 0.65, 10.26) in children with LAsE > 620 compared with < 382 μg/L-year; p = 0.03] in an adjusted multivariable model. The systolic function parameters left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction were 3.67% (95% CI: -7.14, -0.20) and 3.41% (95% CI: -6.44, -0.37) lower, respectively, in children with U-tAs > 70 ng/mL compared with < 35 ng/mL.Early-life exposure to iAs was significantly associated with higher BP and LVM and with lower EF in our study population of Mexican children.
Hyperemia of the aortic wall in atherosclerotic monkeys.
Authors: D D Heistad, M L Armstrong, M L Marcus
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The aortic wall is nourished by diffusion from the aortic lumen and from vasa vasorum in the adventitia and outer layers of media. Intimal proliferation in atherosclerosis might be expected to reduce the effectiveness of diffusion from the lumen and increase dependence on nourishment by vasa. This study was performed to determine whether there is increased perfusion of the aortic wall by vasa vasorum in atherosclerosis. We used microspheres to measure flow through vasa in normal and atherosclerotic cynomolgus monkeys. Blood flow to inner layers of the thoracic and abdominal aorta was less than 1 ml/min X 100 g in normal monkeys, and there was a minimal increase in atherosclerotic monkeys. Flow to the outer layers of the thoracic and abdominal aorta was 1.3 +/- 0.9 and 2.2 +/- 0.8 ml/min per 100 g in normal monkeys. Flow to outer layers of the thoracic and abdominal aorta was increased in atherosclerotic monkeys to 17 +/- 8.9 and 31 +/- 12 ml/min per 100 g (P less than 0.05 vs. normal). Thus there is increased perfusion of the atherosclerotic aorta, particularly in the outer layers. During maximal vasodilation induced by infusion of adenosine, flow through vasa was 3- to 8-fold greater in atherosclerotic than in normal monkeys. This finding suggests that proliferation of new vessels, rather than dilation of existing vessels, accounts for the increase in blood flow through vasa. We speculate that hyperemia of the aortic wall in atherosclerosis may be in part a compensatory response to increased oxygen requirements and possibly to ischemia produced by intimal proliferation and a resulting increase in diffusion distance.
Book Review Medical Care of the Pregnant Patient (ACP Women's Health Series.) Second edition. Edited by Karen Rosene-Montella, Erin Keely, Linda Anne Barbour, and Richard V. Lee. 774 pp., illustrated, with CD-ROM. Philadelphia, American College of Physicians, 2008. $84.95. 978-1-930513-86-0
Authors: Aviva Lee-Parritz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)
The Search for Asymptomatic Pyelonephritis
Authors: Edward H. Kass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Pyelonephritis, like virtue, is easier to talk about than to define. Fortunately, in recent years the rhetoric has slowly yielded to the data, and now bacterial infections of the urinary tract are among the best understood of chronic disorders, despite the many important problems that remain. One of the major topics of concern has been the relation between bacteriuria and pyelonephritis — a relation that has been difficult to quantitate because of the uncertainty in detecting bacterial invasion of the kidney.Initially bacteriuria was correlated with pyelonephritis at autopsy, with the use of morphologic criteria.1 There were many cases of . . .
CARM1 Methylates Chromatin Remodeling Factor BAF155 to Enhance Tumor Progression and Metastasis
Authors: Lu Wang, Zibo Zhao, Mark B. Meyer, Sandeep Saha, Menggang Yu, Ailan Guo, Kari B. Wisinski, Wei Huang, Weibo Cai, J. Wesley Pike, Ming Yuan, Paul Ahlquist, Wei Xu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Requirement of CD4-positive T cells for cellular recruitment to the lungs of mice in response to a particulate intratracheal antigen.
Authors: J L Curtis, P K Byrd, M L Warnock, H B Kaltreider
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

To determine whether CD4+ T cells participate in the recruitment of other lymphocyte subsets to the lungs, we examined pulmonary immune responses in C57BL/6 mice treated in vivo with the MAb GK1.5, either intact (which depletes CD4+ cells) or as F(ab')2 fragments (which block CD4 molecules). After intratracheal challenge with sheep erythrocytes, antigen-primed mice treated with intact GK1.5 had marked decreases in lymphocytes and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and minimal parenchymal inflammation, compared to primed mice treated with an isotype-matched irrelevant antibody or with no antibody. At 7 d after challenge, flow cytometric analysis showed that numbers of Thy 1.2+ and B220+ cells, but not of CD8+ cells, were markedly decreased in lavage fluid of CD4-depleted mice. Similar suppression of the pulmonary immune response to intratracheal challenge was found in primed mice injected repeatedly with F(ab')2 fragments of GK1.5, which did not deplete CD4+ T cells, and in athymic mice. These findings indicate that, in response to a single intratracheal antigen challenge, recruitment to the lungs of leukocytes other than CD8+ T cells depends largely on CD4+ T cells, possibly because of signals requiring T cell activation via interactions with antigen-presenting cells.
Idiopathic Cellulitis of Facial Soft Tissue-Reply
Authors: James C. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Deutsch's patient had a history of severe pain and swelling on the right side of her face, which responded to four days of antibiotic therapy. Clinical examination after antibiotic therapy revealed a decrease in swelling; however, a tender subcutaneous nodule approximately 2 cm in diameter remained in the midcheek area just lateral to the coronoid process of the mandible. Dr Salon suggests the possibility of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint or even perforation of the meniscus. It has been my experience in well over 1000 cases of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint that such problems do not manifest themselves as a tender subcutaneous nodule lateral to the mandible. They also don't respond to antibiotic therapy and trigger points of the muscles involved are not found in the soft tissues of the cheek, which are at some distance from the sites of origin and insertion of the
President of the AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS 1933 - 1934
Authors: GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Reviews1 March 1933President of the AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS 1933 - 1934GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL, B. S., M. D.GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL, B. S., M. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-9-1240 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBorn, Philadelphia, October 13, 1880; graduated, William Penn Charter School, 1898; University of Pennsylvania, B. S., 1902; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, M.D., 1905.Resident Physician (1905-1906), and Chief Resident Physician (1906-1907), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Prosector to the Professor of Anatomy (1907-1910), and Associate in Medicine (1912-1921), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Physician, Episcopal Hospital, Philadelphia, 1912-1916; Professor of Medicine, Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, 1917-1922; Lieutenant Colonel, Medical Corps, U. S. Army, 1917-1919; Commanding Officer, U. S. Army, Base Hospital No. 20, A.E.F., 1918; Medical Consultant, Fourth Army Corps, A.E.F., 1918-1919.Professor of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1933Volume 6, Issue 9Page: 1240-1241KeywordsHospital medicineResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
mda-7 in Combination with Bevacizumab Treatment Produces a Synergistic and Complete Inhibitory Effect on Lung Tumor Xenograft
Authors: Satoshi Inoue, Amanda Hartman, Cynthia D Branch, Corazan D Bucana, Benjamin N Bekele, L Clifton Stephens, Sunil Chada, Rajagopal Ramesh
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has shown antitumor activity by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis in preclinical and clinical studies. However, bevacizumab monotherapy does not induce complete tumor regression. Therefore, additional treatments must be combined with bevacizumab to promote tumor regression. We previously showed that melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7) protein exerts potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of mda-7 in combination with bevacizumab using lung cancer as a model. In vitro, treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with conditioned medium from Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated lung tumor cells showed reduced VEGF ligand-receptor binding, and decreased cell survival, resulting in growth arrest and apoptosis. In vivo, treatment of subcutaneous lung tumor xenografts with bevacizumab plus Ad-mda7 resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition and improved survival compared to tumor growth in control mice. Furthermore, tumors in all the Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated mice completely regressed, and these were tumor free through the study's end. Molecular analysis showed enhanced tumor cell apoptosis and reduced VEGF and CD31 expression in Ad-mda7 plus bevacizumab-treated tumors. Thus, Ad-mda7 and bevacizumab treatment produces a synergistic and complete therapeutic effect against human lung cancer.
RANGE OF RIGHT HEART MEASUREMENTS IN HIGHLY TRAINED ATHLETES
Authors: Antonello D'Andrea, Lucia Riegler, Rosangela Cocchia, Enrica Golia, Enrica Pezzullo, Rodolfo Citro, Maria Giovanna Russo, Raffaele Calabrò, Eduardo Bossone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
SURGICAL RELIEF FOR BILIARY OBSTRUCTION.Read in the Section of Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1890)

The surgery of the gall-bladder opens another and an extremely important field for operative interference. Biliary obstruction has been, from the earliest times, recognized as a cause of most severe suffering attended with the gravest dangers. With very few exceptions, operations for its relief have been considered beyond the<i>pale</i>of surgical domain, until within a few years, and even now, although abdominal surgery is almost universally accepted as justifiable, in a multitude of varying conditions, only a very few surgeons have attempted operation upon the gall-bladder. My own experience is limited to the following cases which, inasmuch as they illustrate a variety of conditions, are of sufficient importance to put upon record. <i>Case 1.</i>—Dr. W——, aged 72, a physician of exceptional intelligence, had clearly diagnosticated repeated attacks of suffering, extending over a number of years, as due to biliary obstruction, a gall-stone. Although somewhat jaundiced, the more prominent and
Artificial Heart Can Be Reassuring Backup for Surgeons, Says Pioneer
Authors: Virginia S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ONE BENEFIT OF having the artificial heart available as a bridge to transplant is being able to offer other forms of heart surgery to sicker patients, according to William De Vries, MD. Knowing there is a backup allows a surgeon to feel less wary of attempting potentially lifesaving surgery in very ill patients, he says. De Vries began his pioneering work with the artificial heart at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, in 1982 and has continued his work at Humana Hospital, Louisville. Some of that research is reported in this issue ofThe Journal. "When we first started the artificial heart program," De Vries says, "the question was simply, 'Would it support life?' Now that we know it can, we can address other important questions, including whether it is worth doing and can we afford it." Because the artificial heart will support life, De Vries says, he could
Evaluation of Myocardial Perfusion and Function by Technetium-99m Methoxy Isobutyl Isonitrile Before and After Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Preliminary Results
Authors: L PACE, S BETOCCHI, F PISCIONE, M L MANGONI Dl SANTO STEFANO, M CHIARIELLO, M SALVATORE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Myocardial perfusion and function were evaluated with Tc-99m MIBI myocardial scintigraphy before and after percutaneous angioplasty in six patients. In addition to conventional stress-rest images (3 projections: 45 degrees left anterior oblique, anterior, and left lateral), gated images were obtained at rest and during stress before and after angioplasty. Improvement in myocardial perfusion after angioplasty was demonstrated in all patients. The increase from rest to stress of radionuclide fractional shortening (an index of global left ventricular function computed on gated images) was greater after angioplasty than before (9% +/- 7% versus--0.5% +/- 8%, respectively, p < 0.05). Systolic wall thickening (an index of regional left ventricular function) showed a significantly greater rest-to-stress increase after angioplasty than before it in the regions supplied by treated vessels. Thus, Tc-99m MIBI myocardial scintigraphy is capable of evaluating myocardial perfusion and function.
Hysteria and Hysterical Conversion Reactions
Authors: Michael I. Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While the recent article by Murphy entitled "The Clinical Management of Hysteria" (1982;247: 2559) was interesting and anecdotal, it contained several inaccuracies and unwarranted conclusions. The reader should be aware that Dr Murphy restricted his comments only to a small segment of the population of hysterical patients, and, therefore, his generalizations are not valid for the total population. Some of the controversy surrounding hysteria is in part because psychiatrists have been the only physicians consistently writing about this disorder. However, it must be recognized that they only see a small, restricted number of individuals who have the disorder. It is the neurologist, internist, family physician, and pediatrician who examine and treat the majority of patients. In fact, only a small number of these patients will ultimately be seen by the psychiatrist. If we are to understand this ancient disease clearly, then we must be precise in our
A Large Soft-Tissue Lipoma Shown on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Hua Yang, Taiyana Miroshnichenko
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 74-year-old male patient with a newly diagnosed prostate cancer had whole-body bone scintigraphy for staging. The images did not demonstrate osseous metastasis. However, there was a large ring-shaped, relatively photopenic region with peripherally increased MDP activity in the left back, which was caused by a large lipoma.
Physician's Assistant and Nurse Practitioner
Authors: FREDERIC L. SCHOEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1980Physician's Assistant and Nurse PractitionerFREDERIC L. SCHOEN, M.D.FREDERIC L. SCHOEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-1-126_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Sox (1) has produced an excellent summary of studies through the past decade that have compared the patient care carried out by physician extenders (physician's assistants and nurse practitioners) and their supervising physicians. His examination of the 21 studies has well-defined selection criteria and methodologic standards, with an excellent relation of the studies to those standards.Nevertheless I find very serious fault in Dr. Sox's conclusions and, particularly, his abstract, which may damage the progress of medical education. My qualification comes from 5 years as medical director of a physician's assistant training program, 6 years as a...Reference1. SOX H. Quality of patient care by nurse practitioners and physician's assistants: a ten-year perspective. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:459-68. LinkGoogle Scholar1. SOX H. Quality of patient care by nurse practitioners and physician's assistants: a ten-year perspective. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:459-68. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BATES B. Doctor and nurse: changing roles and relations. N Engl J Med. 1970;283:129-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: FREDERIC L. SCHOEN, M.D.Affiliations: Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN 46223 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1980Volume 92, Issue 1Page: 126-126KeywordsMedical educationNursesPatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...