tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atorvastatin Does Not Affect the Antiplatelet Potency of Clopidogrel When It Is Administered Concomitantly for 5 Weeks in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: John V. Mitsios, Athanasios I. Papathanasiou, Foteini I. Rodis, Moses Elisaf, John A. Goudevenos, Alexandros D. Tselepis
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel may be attenuated by short-term coadministration of lipophilic statins. We investigated whether the coadministration of atorvastatin for 5 weeks in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) could affect the antiplatelet potency of clopidogrel.Forty-five hypercholesterolemic patients with the first episode of an ACS were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive daily either 10 mg of atorvastatin (n=21) or 40 mg of pravastatin (n=24). Thirty patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) received a loading dose of 375 mg of clopidogrel, followed by 75 mg/d for at least 3 months. In the remaining 15 patients who refused to undergo PCI, clopidogrel therapy was not administered. Eight normolipidemic patients with the first episode of an ACS were also included and received only clopidogrel. The serum levels of soluble CD40L and the adenosine 5'-diphosphate- or thrombin receptor activating peptide-14-induced platelet aggregation, as well as P-selectin and CD40L surface expression, were studied at baseline (within 30 minutes after admission) and 5 weeks later. Neither atorvastatin nor pravastatin significantly influenced the clopidogrel-induced inhibition of platelet activation, nor did clopidogrel influence the therapeutic efficacy of atorvastatin.Atorvastatin does not affect the antiplatelet potency of clopidogrel when coadministered for 5 weeks in ACS patients.
Ketotifen in atopic asthma and exercise-induced asthma.
Authors: I S Petheram, J Moxham, C W Bierman, M McAllen, S G Spiro
Journal: Thorax (1981)

The efficacy of ketotifen, a tricyclic benzocycloheptathiophene derivative, was assessed in an outpatient clinical trial and in a group of 12 asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced asthma. Subjects in the outpatient trial had mild asthma and consisted of two groups: a group of 24 atopic asthmatics with at least one positive skin test reaction and with an associated history of bronchial reactivity to at least one allergen; and a group of eight asthmatics with one or more positive skin prick tests but not bronchial reactivity to an allergen. Both groups took four weeks medication of ketotifen 1 mg bd and placebo in a randomised double-blind crossover study. There was no difference between ketotifen and placebo for any measurement made during the study and consequently no evidence of drug efficacy. The exercise study followed a standardised protocol and each subject took in random double-blind order, placebo, 1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg ketotifen two hours before exercise. There was no difference in the mean decreases in lung function from pre-exercise baseline values after three doses of ketotifen than with placebo. Drug levels suggested ketotifen was well absorbed. It would appear that if given for a period of only four weeks ketotifen had no beneficial effects in the management of mild asthma, and that a single dose before exercise does not modify exercise-induced asthma.
β <sub>2</sub> -Adrenergic Receptor Overexpression Exacerbates Development of Heart Failure After Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Xiao-Jun Du, Dominic J. Autelitano, Rodney J. Dilley, Binghui Wang, Anthony M. Dart, Elizabeth A. Woodcock
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —β-Adrenergic signaling is downregulated in the failing heart, and the significance of such change remains unclear. Methods and Results —To address the role of β-adrenergic dysfunction in heart failure (HF), aortic stenosis (AS) was induced in wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) mice with cardiac targeted overexpression of β 2 -adrenergic receptors (ARs), and animals were studied 9 weeks later. The extents of increase in systolic arterial pressure ( P &lt;0.01 versus controls), left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (TG, 94±6 to 175±7 mg; WT, 110±6 to 168±10 mg; both P &lt;0.01), and expression of ANP mRNA were similar between TG and WT mice with AS. TG mice had higher incidences of premature death and critical illness due to heart failure (75% versus 23%), pleural effusion (81% versus 45%), and left atrial thrombosis (81% versus 36%, all P &lt;0.05). A more extensive focal fibrosis was found in the hypertrophied LV of TG mice ( P &lt;0.05). These findings indicate a more severe LV dysfunction in TG mice. In sham-operated mice, LV dP/dt max and heart rate were markedly higher in TG than WT mice (both P &lt;0.01). dP/dt max was lower in both AS groups than in sham-operated controls, and this tended to be more pronounced in TG than WT mice (−32±5% versus −16±6%, P =0.059), although dP/dt max remained higher in TG than WT groups ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —Elevated cardiac β-adrenergic activity by β 2 -AR overexpression leads to functional deterioration after pressure overload.
Electrogram criteria for identification of appropriate target sites for radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular connections.
Authors: H Calkins, Y N Kim, S Schmaltz, J Sousa, R el-Atassi, A Leon, A Kadish, J J Langberg, F Morady
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular (AV) connections using radiofrequency current has been demonstrated to be effective in the majority of patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia involving a concealed accessory AV connection. However, electrogram criteria have not been established to guide attempts at radiofrequency catheter ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS The characteristics of local electrograms recorded at successful and unsuccessful sites of radiofrequency catheter ablation were determined in 132 patients. Electrograms recorded at a total of 438 sites were analyzed: 338 recorded during ablation of 90 manifest accessory AV connections and 100 recorded during ablation of 44 concealed accessory AV connections. During ablation of manifest accessory AV connections, the independent predictors of outcome were electrogram stability (p less than 0.001), the interval between activation of the ventricular electrogram and onset of the QRS complex (p less than 0.001), and the presence of an accessory AV connection potential (p less than 0.001). Radiofrequency energy delivery at sites demonstrating stable electrograms, a probable or possible accessory AV connection potential, and activation of the local ventrical electrogram before the onset of the QRS complex had a 57% probability of success compared with a 3% probability of success at sites without these features. During ablation of concealed accessory AV connections, the independent predictors of outcome were electrogram stability (p = 0.02), the presence of an accessory AV connection potential (p = 0.05), and the presence of retrograde continuous electrical activity (p = 0.04). Sites demonstrating a stable local electrogram, an accessory AV connection potential, and retrograde continuous electrical activity had an 82% probability of success compared with only a 5% probability of success at sites demonstrating none of these features. CONCLUSIONS The local electrogram parameters of greatest importance in predicting the success or failure of radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory AV connections are electrogram stability, the presence of an accessory AV connection potential, and the timing of ventricular activation relative to the QRS complex (for manifest accessory AV connections) or retrograde continuous electrical activity (for concealed accessory AV connections). Awareness of these variables during attempts at radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory AV connections may minimize the number of unnecessary applications of radiofrequency energy.
Reversal of exertional hypotension by prolonged exercise training in selected patients with ischemic heart disease.
Authors: W H Martin, A A Ehsani
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The effect of prolonged intense endurance exercise training on exertional hypotension was investigated in 16 patients with coronary artery disease who had a 10 mm Hg or greater fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) during progressive exercise testing. Training consisted of walking, running, or cycling at 50% to 60% of peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) for 30 min 3 days per week for an initial 3 months and was followed by an additional 9 months of similar exercise performed at 70% to 90% of peak VO2 for 50 to 60 min 5 days per week. The 1 year program resulted in a 41% increase in peak VO2 and lower heart rate and blood pressure responses to submaximal work. Before conditioning, SBP attained a maximal value of 162 +/- 5 mm Hg but fell 21 +/- 3 mm Hg, to 141 +/- 7 mm Hg, at peak effort (p less than .01). After training, maximal SBP was achieved at a faster heart rate (157 +/- 5 vs 132 +/- 6 beats/min; p less than .001) and was 7.4% higher (174 +/- 6 vs 162 +/- 5 mm Hg; p less than .005), while SBP at peak exercise had increased by 21% (171 +/- 6 vs 141 +/- 7 mm Hg; p less than .001) and ST segment depression was slightly reduced. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before training declined from 56 +/- 4% at rest to 52 +/- 3% at peak exercise (p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Colorectal Adenomas in the Nurses' Health Study
Authors: Karin B. Michels, Edward Giovannucci, Andrew T. Chan, Rohit Singhania, Charles S. Fuchs, Walter C. Willett
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Consumption of fruits and vegetables may confer protection from colorectal adenomas, but the limited observational and interventional evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the prevalence and incidence of adenomas of the distal colon and rectum in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). We used data from 34,467 women in the NHS who had undergone colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy during follow-up between 1980 and 1998. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was assessed in 1980, 1984, 1986, 1990, and 1994 using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire; 1,720 prevalent cases of adenoma of the distal colon and rectum were diagnosed between 1980 and 1998. Frequent consumption of fruit was inversely related to the risk of being diagnosed with polyps, whereas little association was found for vegetable consumption. Women who reported consuming five or more servings of fruit a day had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.60 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.44-0.81] for developing colorectal adenomas compared with women who consumed only one or fewer servings of fruit per day, after adjustment for relevant covariates (Ptrend = 0.001). The respective OR for vegetable consumption was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.65-1.05; Ptrend = 0.1). Women who consumed four or more servings of legumes per week had a lower incidence of colorectal adenomas than women who reported consuming one serving per week or less (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.51-0.90; Ptrend = 0.005). Frequent consumption of fruit may reduce the risk of colorectal adenomas. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(7): 3942-53)
Respiratory and systemic reaction following exposure to heated electrostatic polyester paint
Authors: A Cartier, O Vandenplas, LC Grammer, MA Shaughnessy, JL Malo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

A 39 year old nonatopic man developed episodes of cough, dyspnoea, sweating and shivers within 2-3 weeks of starting a new job in a factory where metallic boards were treated with an electrostatic powder paint, made of an epoxy resin and a carboxylated polyester containing polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. The subject sprayed the metallic boards which were then heated in 200 degrees C ovens. The subject was first seen in an emergency room after being at work for 4 h. The physical examination revealed bilateral wheezing with fever (39 degrees C), hypoxaemia (arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) 58 torr (7.7 kPa), leucocytosis (white blood count cells.mm-3 17,000 (17 x 10(9) cells.l-1) and severe airway obstruction (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity, (FVC) 1.3/2.4 l, improving to 2.2/3.8 l after bronchodilator; predicted values = 3.4/4.1 l). The subjects condition improved after being treated with oral steroids. His spirometry was normal two weeks later, although he showed mild bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine with the (provocative concentration producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) being 1.7 mg.ml-1). The subject underwent specific inhalation challenges at the workplace 4 months later. After being exposed at work for 4 h, he developed a significant fall in FEV1 (-40%), fever, leucocytosis, and a fall in diffusing capacity. Lung function tests were back to normal two weeks later. Exposing the subject to heated granulated polyester for one hour in a hospital laboratory produced a fall in FEV1 of 41%, fever, leucocytosis and a fall in diffusing capacity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Biologic Possibility of HIV Transmission During Passionate Kissing
Authors: Thomas J. Marzili
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  The letter by Piazza et al 1 regarding the possibility of acquiring the human immunodeficiency virus through passionate kissing was recently reported in newspapers, on the radio, and on television throughout the country. A great deal of ignorance remains in this country about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and I believe it should be the responsibility of JAMA and of medical personnel in general to educate people with the facts about how acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is transmitted. The implication that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may be transmitted through passionate kissing is a powerful one that does not appear to be significantly supported by this study.  First, while it is probably difficult to define passionate kissing scientifically, defining it as lasting a few minutes, with vigorous rubbing of the oral mucosa leaves much to interpretation. Second, although some saliva and blood may be transferred from one mouth to the other, it
Six health workers sentenced to death in Libya
Authors: Katka Krosnar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Six foreign health workers have been sentenced to death in Libya for allegedly deliberately infecting almost 400 Libyan children with HIV.

A male Palestinian doctor and five female nurses from Bulgaria were sentenced to death by firing squad.

Charges were brought against them after 393 children became infected with HIV at the Al Fateh Children's Hospital in Benghazi. The health workers were found guilty of causing the death of 40 children by deliberately injecting the patients with blood contaminated with HIV.

The workers …
Immunohistochemistry of normal human knee synovium: a quantitative study
Authors: J A Singh, T Arayssi, P Duray, H R Schumacher
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objective:</b> To describe the immunohistochemical characteristics of knee synovium from normal healthy subjects. <b>Methods:</b> 12 healthy subjects underwent needle biopsy of knee synovium. Using antibodies directed against CD3, CD4, CD8, L26, Kp-1,and HLA-DR, detailed quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of various cell subpopulations was undertaken. <b>Results:</b> The mean (SD) age of the subjects was 37 (9) years (five male, seven female). All had a negative history for arthritis, no knee pain, and a totally normal joint examination except for the presence of retropatellar crepitus in five. For technical reasons staining for all immunohistochemical markers could not be achieved in all subjects. CD3+ T lymphocytes were seen in nine of 10 subjects, either diffusely or, more commonly, in perivascular areas. CD4+ cells were seen in synovium in three of seven subjects and CD8+ cells in six of eight subjects, in almost equal numbers (CD4:CD8, 1.1:1). L26+ B lymphocytes were not seen in any biopsy. Kp1+ macrophages were found in 10 of 10 subjects, predominantly in surface lining cells, and in small numbers in diffuse and perivascular locations. HLA-DR+ cells were seen in 10 of 10 subjects, predominantly in surface lining cells and diffusely, but a few were seen perivascularly. <b>Conclusions:</b> Synovium from apparently normal subjects contained a wide range of different cell subpopulations but no B cells. The significance of these immune cells in normal synovium is unclear. A better understanding of their role in normal synovium may be important in analysing the transition to synovitis.
Doctor and two nurses charged with manslaughter over death of boy at Leicester Royal Infirmary
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A doctor and two nurses have been charged with gross negligence manslaughter over the death of a 6 year old boy after a hospital mix up.

The Crown Prosecution Service announced the charges against Hadiza Bawa-Garba, who was a paediatric registrar at Leicester Royal Infirmary in February 2011 when Jack Adcock died of pneumonia, and two nurse colleagues, sister Theresa Taylor and …
Eccrine syringofibroadenoma in a patient with a burn scar ulcer
Authors: E. Ichikawa, Y. Fujisawa, Y. Tateishi, S. Imakado, F. Otsuka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

A 72-year-old woman with a burn scar on the calves of both legs developed an ulcer on her right heel, surrounded by multiple verrucous nodules and plaques. She had experienced similar verrucous lesions on both legs in the burn scar areas. Although the clinical diagnosis was Marjolin's ulcer, histologically the ulcer region showed thick fibrous tissue without any atypical epithelial cells. The verrucous lesions were consistent with the diagnosis of eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA). Moreover, an ESFA-like growth pattern was seen in the elevated margin of the ulcer. Our findings suggest that these lesions developed as a result of reactive eccrine duct hyperplasia followed by skin tissue remodelling.
99mTc-Sulfur Colloid Lymphangiography in Lymphangiomyomatosis
Authors: STEWART M. SPIES, GERALD D. KRUGLIK, HARVEY L. NEIMAN, KENNETH R HETZEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

A patient with characteristic symptoms, signs, and laboratory evidence of lymphangiomyomatosis is described. Radionuclide lymphangiography was performed in conjunction with routine contrast lymphangiography, and generally corroborated the findings of the latter procedure. Extravasation of fluid from abnormal lymphatics was well demonstrated by the radionuclide technique. The typical clinical and roentgenographic leatures of this rare disorder are discussed.
Bone Mass, Bone Fragility, and the Decision to Treat
Authors: Robert P. Heaney
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of stem cell factor (c‐kit ligand) on clonogenic leukemic precursor cells: Synergy with other hematopoietic growth factors
Authors: Hua‐Kang Wu, Shigeru Chiba, Hisamaru Hirai, Fumimaro Takaku, Yoshio Yazaki
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract Using clonogenic assay we investigated the effect of stem cell factor (SCF) on the in vitro growth of clonogenic precursor cells from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodys‐plastic syndromes (MDS) in the presence or absence of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) or recombinant human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (rhG‐CSF). SCF as a single factor did not induce significant colony formation, and even in the presence of rhEpo or rhG‐CSF it very weakly stimulated erythroid colony formation and was rarely capable of inducing myeloid colony formation by clonogenic leukemic cells. In culture dishes supplemented with SCF, both myeloid and erythroid colony formations were dramatically enhanced in MDS, regarding both colony number and size. Cotony‐formation abilities by MDS progenitors were improved following costimulation with SCF and rhEpo. These results suggest that SCF may have a therapeutic role in restoring hematopoiesis in patients with MDS. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IgE antibodies specific for carbohydrates in a patient allergic to gum Arabic (<i>Acacia Senegal</i>)
Authors: K. Fötisch, J. Fäh, B. Wüthrich, F. Altmann, D. Haustein, S. Vieths
Journal: Allergy (1998)

The present study deals with the detailed investigation of the IgE antibody response of a gum arabic‐allergic patient. The patient showed multiple serologic and skin test sensitizations to a range of pollen, other inhalants and foods, and bee venom, and to the recombinant allergens Bet v 1 and Bet v 2. Moreover, the patient's serum reacted strongly to gum‐arabic extract. The NaIO4‐treated and thus deglycosylated extract showed no binding to IgE. In contrast, removal of the protein backbone by basic hydrolysis did not deplete the IgE reactivity. Therefore, it is concluded that the gum arabic‐specific IgE antibodies of this patient were mainly directed against the carbohydrate fraction of this material. In IgE‐inhibition assays, cross‐reactions occurred in the range of 60% between gum arabic and known immunogenic A‐glycans containing o(l‐3‐linked fucose. Since the inhibition graphs were not parallel and the inhibition was not complete with heterologue antigens, the cross‐reacting epitopes of gum arabic appeared to be different from the latter well‐known cross‐reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD). Inhibition may have been caused by a partial immunologic identity of the investigated carbohydrate moieties. A strong IgE response to the fucose‐containing glycan from bromelain was measured in a glycan ELISA that utilizes purified glycopeptides at the solid phase. This response, which may explain the multiple sensitizations without clinical significance diagnosed in the patient, could originate from inhalation of pollen, which is known to contain similar glycans, or from occupational sensitization during work as a baker and confectioner. Since the gum‐arabic protein showed only very weak participation in the IgE reactivity, the clinical symptoms of the patient caused by gum arabic may be attributed to carbohydrate epitopes. Due to the repetitive polysaccharide sequence of gum arabic, several epitopes for the cross‐linking of IgE should exist.
MEASUREMENT OF LIPID SYNTHESIS IN MOUSE AURICULAR SKIN CULTURED IN VITRO
Authors: C. Prottey, T. F. M. Ferguson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article MEASUREMENT OF LIPID SYNTHESIS IN MOUSE AURICULAR SKIN CULTURED IN VITRO Get access C. PROTTEY, C. PROTTEY Environmental Safety Division, Unilever Research Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. F. M. FERGUSON T. F. M. FERGUSON Environmental Safety Division, Unilever Research Laboratory, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 5, 1 November 1972, Pages 475–495, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb01596.x Published: 01 November 1972 Article history Accepted: 24 May 1972 Published: 01 November 1972