tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3376: Targeting metabolic flux of tumor cells to prevent pancreatic cancer associated cachexia
Authors: Surendra K. Shukla, Pankaj K. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer associated cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by excessive loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Cancer-induced cachexia accounts for nearly 20% of all cancer-related deaths and is most prevalent in patients with gastric, pancreatic, colon and lung cancer. More than 80% pancreatic cancer patients exhibit cachectic phenotype. Although association of cachexia with cancer is known for a long time, the molecular mechanism of cancer-induced cachexia is still not well understood. Better understanding of the cancer-related cachexia syndrome may provide novel therapeutic targets for enhancing the quality of life of cancer patients. Several studies have demonstrated that multiple cytokines and cachectic factors secreted by tumor cells contribute to cancer associated cachexia. Because most of the cancer cells present metabolic alterations, which may contribute to secretion of cachectic cytokines and metabolites involved in cancer-induced cachexia. By culturing differentiated C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells in the presence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell or immortalized epithelial cell supernatants, we established cell culture-based cachexia model systems to investigate the depletion of muscle mass and fatty acid content. To study the role of metabolic pathways in tumor cells on cachectic factor secretion, we pre-treated pancreatic cancer cells with different metabolic inhibitors like 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), 3-Bromopyruvic acid (3-BrPA) , bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) ethyl sulphide (BPTES) and collected conditioned medium from pre-treated cancer cells at different time points. Further, we accessed the cachectic potential of these conditioned media along with control conditioned medium. Physiological and biochemical alterations during muscle fiber breakdown and adipocyte fat depletion were assayed by performing real-time PCR and cell imaging. We observed that inhibition of glycolysis with 3-BrPA &amp; 2-DG and inhibition of glutaminolysis with BPTES in tumor cells causes decreased muscle fiber breakdown and adipocytes fat depletion. Our results demonstrates crucial role of tumor cell metabolic alterations in cancer-induced cachexia. Citation Format: Surendra K. Shukla, Pankaj K. Singh. Targeting metabolic flux of tumor cells to prevent pancreatic cancer associated cachexia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3376. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3376
Monoclonal antibodies specific for murine p55 and p75 tumor necrosis factor receptors: identification of a novel in vivo role for p75.
Authors: K C Sheehan, J K Pinckard, C D Arthur, L P Dehner, D V Goeddel, R D Schreiber
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for the murine p55 and p75 tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors were produced after immunization of Armenian hamsters with the purified soluble extracellular domains of each receptor protein. Four p55- (55R) and five p75 (TR75)-reactive mAbs immunoprecipitated the appropriate receptor from the surface of L929 cells. None of the mAbs cross-reacted with the other TNF receptor form. The mAbs were functionally characterized by their ability to inhibit ligand binding and influence TNF-dependent L cell cytolytic activity or proliferation of the murine cytolytic T cell clone CT6. One p55-specific mAb, 55R-593, displayed agonist activity, while two other p55-specific mAbs (55R-170 and -176) were found to be TNF antagonists. The fourth mAb (55R-286) had no functional effects on cells. Several antibodies specific for the p75 TNF receptor partially inhibited recombinant murine TNF-alpha-dependent cytolytic activity (60%). Blocking mAbs specific for p75 but not anti-p55 inhibited TNF-mediated proliferation of CT6 T cells. When used in vivo, p55- but not p75-specific mAbs protected mice from lethal endotoxin shock and blocked development of a protective response against Listeria monocytogenes infection. In contrast, both p55 and p75 mAbs individually blocked development of skin necrosis in mice treated with murine TNF-alpha. These data thus demonstrate the utility of the two families of murine TNF receptor-specific mAbs and identify a novel function of the p75 TNF receptor in vivo.
Effect of Atropine on Gastrin and Gastric Acid Response to Peptone Meal
Authors: Stanislaw J. Konturek, Jerzy Biernat, Jan Oleksy, Jens F. Rehfeld, Flemming Stadil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The action of intravenous atropine on meal-and pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretion was studied in six duodenal ulcer patients.A test meal of 10% peptone solution adjusted to pH 5.0 was maintained in the stomach at at distention presure of 15 cm H(2)O, and a modification of the intragastric titration method of Fordtran and Walsh was used to measure gastric acid output by monitoring the rate at which a solution of 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate had to be added to keep the pH of the gastric content constant at the initial (pH 5.0) value. Serum gastrin concentrations were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoassy. The dose of 25 mug/kg-h atropine inhibited meal-induced acid secretion by about 70% and that evoked by pentagastrin by about 30%. The serum gastrin response to the test meal was not significantly altered by atropine. We conclude that atropine is a very strong inhibitor of meal-induced gastric acid secretion and does not significantly change serum gastrin response to feeding in duodenal ulcer patients when postprandial gastric acidity (pH 5.0) and intragastric pressure (15 cm H(2)O) are kept constant.
Effects of Different Modes of Exercise Training on Glucose Control and Risk Factors for Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stefano Balducci, Elena Alessi, Patrizia Cardelli, Stefano Cavallo, Francesco Fallucca, Giuseppe Pugliese
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

We read with great interest the results of the meta-analysis by Snowling and Hopkins (1) on the effects of different modes of exercise training on glucose control and risk factors for complications in type 2 diabetic patients. This most recent meta-analysis of post-2000 randomized controlled trials is perhaps most important because of the size of the cohort (over 1,000 type 2 diabetic patients) and for the study of characteristics and magnitude of effects in more detail than in the previous Boule meta-analyses (2). Snowling and Hopkins determined that an A1C reduction of 0.8 ± 0.3% is “small” and affirmed in their conclusion that “there are sufficient studies to allow us to conclude that aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise have …
Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in children below the age of 5 years in the tropics.
Authors: Z H Abdin, A Eissa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

<h3>Background</h3> Analyses are focused on 3 research questions: (1) Are there absolute and relative income-related inequalities in functional limitations among the aged in Europe? (2) Did the absolute and relative income-related inequalities in functional limitations among the aged change between 2002 and 2014? (3) Are there differences in the changes of income-related inequalities between European countries? <h3>Methods</h3> Data stem from 7 waves (2002–2014) of the European Social Survey. Samples of people aged 60 years or older from 16 European countries were analysed (N=63 024). Inequalities were measured by means of absolute prevalence rate differences and relative prevalence rate ratios of low versus high income. Meta-analyses with random-effect models were used to study the trends of inequalities in functional limitations over time. <h3>Results</h3> Functional limitations among people aged 60 years or older declined between 2002 and 2014 in most of the 16 European countries. Older people with a low income had higher rates of functional limitations and elevated rate ratios compared with people with high income. These inequalities were significant in many countries and were more pronounced among men than among women. Overall, absolute and relative income-related inequalities increased between 2002 and 2014, especially in Ireland, the Netherlands and Sweden. <h3>Conclusions</h3> High-income groups are more in favour of the observed overall decline in functional limitations than deprived groups. Results point to potential income-related inequalities in compression of morbidity in the recent past in Europe.
Abstract IA17: The stem cell factor LIN28 in pediatric cancer
Authors: George Q. Daley
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract LIN28, a developmental regulator originally identified as a heterochronic mutant in C. elegans, functions as an RNA binding protein that regulates protein expression through effects on mRNA translation and through control of processing of the let-7 family of tumor suppressor microRNAs. Lin28 has two paralogs, Lin28A and Lin28B, and studies have revealed a role for these factors in a wide array of biological phenotypes including organismal growth and metabolism, sexual maturation, and oncogenesis. LIN28/let-7 act antagonistically to regulate the balance of self-renewal and differentiation in embryonic stem cells, and LIN28 is one of the factors shown to reprogram somatic cells to pluripotency. In pediatric cancers, high level expression of LIN28 is a consistent marker of germ cell tumor, frequently observed in neuroblastoma and hepatoblastoma, and activated by chromosomal translocation in Wilms tumor. Thus, the stem cell factor LIN28 is commonly dysregulated in pediatric tumors and may represent a novel therapeutic target. Citation Format: George Q. Daley. The stem cell factor LIN28 in pediatric cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr IA17.
Reactivation of Varicella Virus by Cortisone Therapy
Authors: J. C. Shee, P. Fehrsen
Journal: BMJ (1953)

The following case history is worthy of publication in view of the recent widespread use of cortisone and the fact that similar cases will undoubtedly be observed. Case HistoryThe patient, a European boy, was first seen at the age of 9 years in June, 1950, when, following a procaine penicillin injection for an infected dog bite, he developed a very severe giant urticaria which caused a serious illness lasting five weeks.He showed little or no response to the usual treatment available at that time-that is, calcium intravenously and orally, antihistaminic drugs, and adrenaline injections.After this illness he was skin-tested against a wide range of possible allergens, including procaine penicillin, and peni- cillin and procaine separately, with negative results in every case.
d-Dimer Testing in Pregnancy: Clinically Useful, but at What Cost?
Authors: Giuseppe Lippi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Letters18 March 2008d-Dimer Testing in Pregnancy: Clinically Useful, but at What Cost?Giuseppe Lippi, MD and Martina Montagnana, MDGiuseppe Lippi, MDFrom University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.Search for more papers by this author and Martina Montagnana, MDFrom University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-6-200803180-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We read with interest the recent article by Chan and colleagues (1), which showed that the SimpliRED assay may be useful in pregnancy because a normal result would help rule out deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and would occur frequently enough to be clinically helpful. This is a very provocative conclusion, in that d-dimer testing is indispensable in the diagnostic approach to DVT (2), but its use has yet to be defined in pregnancy because of the questionable diagnostic efficiency (3). Therefore, we would like to express some considerations on the results of this clinical investigation.As the ...References1. Chan WS, Chunilal S, Lee A, Crowther M, Rodger M, Ginsberg JS. A red blood cell agglutination d-dimer test to exclude deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:165-70. [PMID: 17679704] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Bates SM, Ginsberg JS. How we manage venous thromboembolism during pregnancy. Blood. 2002;100:3470-8. [PMID: 12393666] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Nijkeuter M, Ginsberg JS, Huisman MV. Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in pregnancy: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2006;4:496-500. [PMID: 16405518] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA Red Blood Cell Agglutination d-Dimer Test to Exclude Deep Venous Thrombosis in Pregnancy Wee-Shian Chan , Sanjeev Chunilal , Agnes Lee , Mark Crowther , Marc Rodger , and Jeffrey S. Ginsberg d-Dimer Testing in Pregnancy: Clinically Useful, but at What Cost? Wee-Shian Chan and Jeffrey S. Ginsberg Metrics Cited ByD-dimer concentration outliers are not rare in at-term pregnant womenFluorescence Immunoassay of Human D-dimer in Whole BloodCauses of elevated D-dimer in patients admitted to a large urban emergency departmentBiochemical markers for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: the past, present and future 18 March 2008Volume 148, Issue 6Page: 484KeywordsConflicts of interestDeep vein thrombosisHealth careHealth information technologyObservational studiesPregnancySpecificity ePublished: 18 March 2008 Issue Published: 18 March 2008 CopyrightCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Causes of Errors in Diabetic Urine Testing by Hospital Personnel
Authors: Ellen D Davis, Edwin B Cox
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

Errors in urine testing were studied using 119 health professionals who tested simulated urine specimens from six hypothetical patients. A record of the hypothetical patients' test results for 2 previous days accompanied each specimen. Five of the six records were loaded high or low to investigate testers' biases as a result of their knowledge of previous values. Testers demonstrated an aversion to extreme readings. At the lower concentration, 83% of erroneous readings were higher than the correct value. At the higher concentration, 70% of errors were below the true value. The results also revealed that readings were influenced by knowledge of past records. A higher reading for the sample with the biased-high record occurred 50% more often than a lower reading. Differences in error were nonsignificant for different educational levels and past experiences of the testers. Urine testing accuracy appears to be affected by a tendency toward avoidance of extremes and knowledge of previous results.
Severe Hyponatremia in a Home-Dialysis Patient
Authors: Juan J. Olivero
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A 47-year-old man with end-stage renal disease attributed to malignant hypertension entered the long-term hemodialysis program at the Ben Taub General Hospital. After several weeks of training him and his wife, he was released for home dialysis. On one occasion while preparing for hemodialysis at home, he thought that his wife had already added the dialysate concentrate to the water in the tank, and his wife thought that he had done it. Hemodialysis was begun, and a few minutes later he complained of dizziness, had a grand mal seizure, and became unconscious. The wife discontinued the dialysis and manually returned the blood in the extracorporeal circuit back to the patient. She then became aware that the dialysis concentrate bottle had not been opened. The patient had been dialyzed against plain water. On arrival at the emergency room, he was stuporous and had a blood pressure of 100/60
Treatment of Spinal Pain Syndromes
Authors: Richard B. North
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Controlled studies of surgical and other invasive procedures to treat pain are few and far between. By their very nature, such procedures are not amenable to the study designs that have become standard in pharmacologic trials.1 Many of the procedures developed for pain management, therefore, have not been rigorously evaluated. Their study is confounded further both by the nature of pain, which is intrinsically subjective and difficult to quantify, and by the multifactorial nature of pain syndromes, which often involve psychological factors and coexisting social problems.Neurosurgical and interventional procedures to treat pain may be grouped in three categories: anatomical, . . .
POTENTIAL RADIOTHERAPEUnC USES OF ZYN-LINKER™ CONJUGATES
Authors: S. A. Weeks, K. A. Muirhead, H. B. McIlvain, M. R. McDevitt, K. A. Sheth, D. E. Troutner, P. K. Horan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Weeks, S. A.; Muirhead, K. A.; McIlvain, H. B.; McDevitt, M. R.; Sheth, K. A.; Troutner, D. E.; Horan, P. K. Author Information
Nodular malignant melanoma and multiple squamous cell carcinomas in a patient treated by photochemotherapy for psoriasis.
Authors: D Kemmett, H Reshad, H Baker
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Une observation, homme de 61 ans atteint de psoriasis depuis 40 ans. En 1979 debut du traitement par γ-methoxypsoralen et rayons UV. En 1983 apparition de lesions malignes de la peau; excision et arret du traitement. D'autres lesions malignes sont traitees chirurgicalement, mais le traitement psoralene-UV est repris ensuite. La coincidence est possible mais une grande prudence est recommandee
Case of chronic‐phase chronic myelogenous leukemia with an abdominal hematopoietic tumor of leukemic clone origin
Authors: Miho Sakakura, Kohshi Ohishi, Kenichi Nomura, Naoyuki Katayama, Kazuhiro Nishii, Masahiro Masuya, Kazunori Nakase, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract We report a 59‐year‐old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase who presented with a large abdominal tumor. Biopsy revealed proliferation of granulocytic‐, erythroid‐, and megakaryocytic‐lineage cells in a retroperitoneal lymph node. The BCR/ABL fusion gene was detected on a paraffin‐embedded tissue section of the lymph node by double‐color fluorescence in situ hybridization, indicating an extramedullary hematopoietic tumor of CML origin. This patient has achieved a complete cytogenetic response for 19 months with imatinib mesylate (STI571; Gleevec), in association with the regression of the tumor. However, the development of an extramedullary tumor in chronic‐phase CML generally indicates a poor prognosis, because it commonly consists of blast proliferation and is followed by blast crisis in the marrow within a few months. This case, therefore, points to the importance of histological examination of extramedullary tumors in CML for evaluation of disease status and for therapeutic decisions. Am. J. Hematol. 77:167–170, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New Ultrasound Evidence Appears to Link Prenatal Brain Damage, Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

AN ULTRASOUND study of premature newborns provides further evidence that many cases of cerebral palsy result from brain damage that occurred at least 2 weeks before birth—rather than from a mismanaged delivery or other birth trauma. These findings were reported by Hanae Belfar, MD, a radiologist at the Magee-Women's Hospital, in Pittsburgh, Pa, at the 76th Scientific Assembly and Annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, held in Chicago, Ill. Belfar and colleagues examined 512 premature infants with intracranial ultrasound within a week of birth to determine the incidence of cystic brain lesions. The researchers found 11 cases of cystic periventricular leukomalacia and three cases of porencephalic cysts, which Belfar says is evidence that the infants had suffered prenatal intraparenchymal destruction. These lesions, which are associated with the development of cerebral palsy, also were detected during prenatal diagnostic (transabdominal and transvaginal) ultrasound examinations, Belfar reports. These findings have
ASSESSING THE COMBINED EFFECTS TWO SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF FIBRINOGEN GENES ON THE COAGULATION CASCADE IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ANGINA
Authors: Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Dimitris Tousoulis, Antigoni Miliou, Maria Kozanitou, George Hatzis, Charalambos Antoniades, Emmanuel Androulakis, Anastasios Giolis, Gerasimos Siasos, George Latsios, Zoi Pallantza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Points from Letters: Disposing of "Disposables"
Authors: B. V. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Regional Consultants SIR,-The fundamental unit in British hospital practice is the district general hos- pital.In such hospitals all but 1,500 of the 8,000 consultants in the National Health Service are employed.Despite the much vaunted Hospital Building Programme,' conditions in the majority of such hospitals are not conducive to first- class work, and are poor to say the least.The heavy work-load for these consultants, the long on-duty hours, together with the lack of adequate junior staff make these posts unattractive to would-be applicants from the senior registrar grade.In many district hospitals therefore, including this one, there are consultant appointments that despite repeated advertisements remain unfilled.The anomaly produced by the last Govern- ment's latest pay award is likely to exacerbate this situation further.As a result of these pay increases alone, and uncoupled with the extra duty payments recently negotiated, many senior registrars will be better paid than consultants.As the new contracts for maximum part- time consultants indicate that these appoint- ments are substantially demanding whole- time National Health Service employment, and the amount of private practice available in the environs of most district general hos- pitals is small to say the least, who can now blame the senior registrar for avoiding employment in such centres by confining his applications to teaching hospitals or posts abroad?-Weare, etc.,
TOTAL ABLATION OF THE THYROID
Authors: O. R. Lourie
Journal: JAMA (1935)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— Permit me to express my delight in Dr. Christian's communication concerning total ablation of the thyroid (The Journal, January 5, p. 64). Doubtless, this letter  create a stop movement in regard to this operation. Dr. Christian's authoritative voice must have a sobering effect on the enthusiasts.It seems that my paper Is Total Thyroidectomy Rational as a Method of Treatment? (Canad. M. A. J., November 1934), pursuing the same purpose, has appeared timely.I differ with Dr. Christian on his assumption that the disturbing factors of cachexia strumipriva will limit the applicability and the effectiveness of this new method of treating cardiac disease to a relatively small group of patients. When one speaks of selection of cases in a general way, it does not mean much. As I pointed out in my paper, so far there is no scientific way of defining such a group of