tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alcohol Drinking in Never Users of Tobacco, Cigarette Smoking in Never Drinkers, and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium
Authors: M. Hashibe, P. Brennan, S. Benhamou, X. Castellsague, C. Chen, M. P. Curado, L. D. Maso, A. W. Daudt, E. Fabianova, V. Wunsch-Filho, S. Franceschi, R. B. Hayes, R. Herrero, S. Koifman, C. La Vecchia, P. Lazarus, F. Levi, D. Mates, E. Matos, A. Menezes, J. Muscat, J. Eluf-Neto, A. F. Olshan, P. Rudnai, S. M. Schwartz, E. Smith, E. M. Sturgis, N. Szeszenia-Dabrowska, R. Talamini, Q. Wei, D. M. Winn, D. Zaridze, W. Zatonski, Z.-F. Zhang, J. Berthiller, P. Boffetta
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

At least 75% of head and neck cancers are attributable to a combination of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. A precise understanding of the independent association of each of these factors in the absence of the other with the risk of head and neck cancer is needed to elucidate mechanisms of head and neck carcinogenesis and to assess the efficacy of interventions aimed at controlling either risk factor. We examined the extent to which head and neck cancer is associated with cigarette smoking among never drinkers and with alcohol drinking among never users of tobacco. We pooled individual-level data from 15 case–control studies that included 10244 head and neck cancer case subjects and 15227 control subjects, of whom 1072 case subjects and 5775 control subjects were never users of tobacco and 1598 case subjects and 4051 control subjects were never drinkers of alcohol. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided. Among never drinkers, cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of head and neck cancer (OR for ever versus never smoking = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.52 to 2.98), and there were clear dose–response relationships for the frequency, duration, and number of pack-years of cigarette smoking. Approximately 24% (95% CI = 16% to 31%) of head and neck cancer cases among nondrinkers in this study would have been prevented if these individuals had not smoked cigarettes. Among never users of tobacco, alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of head and neck cancer only when alcohol was consumed at high frequency (OR for three or more drinks per day versus never drinking = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.29 to 3.21). The association with high-frequency alcohol intake was limited to cancers of the oropharynx/hypopharynx and larynx. Our results represent the most precise estimates available of the independent association of each of the two main risk factors of head and neck cancer, and they exemplify the strengths of large-scale consortia in cancer epidemiology.
Eradication of Tumors from a Human Colon Cancer Cell Line and from Ovarian Cancer Metastases in Immunodeficient Mice by a Single-Chain Ep-CAM-/CD3-Bispecific Antibody Construct
Authors: Bernd Schlereth, Iduna Fichtner, Grit Lorenczewski, Petra Kleindienst, Klaus Brischwein, Antonio da Silva, Peter Kufer, Ralf Lutterbuese, Ilse Junghahn, Sabine Kasimir-Bauer, Pauline Wimberger, Rainer Kimmig, Patrick A. Baeuerle
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) are a class of bispecific single-chain antibodies that can very effectively redirect cytotoxic T cells for killing of tumor target cells. Here, we have assessed the in vivo efficacy of one representative, called bscEp-CAMxCD3, with specificity for tumors overexpressing epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) in human xenograft models. Cells of the human colon carcinoma line SW480 were mixed at a 1:1 ratio with unstimulated human peripheral mononuclear cells, s.c. injected in nonobese diabetes/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice, and animals were treated with bscEp-CAMxCD3. Five daily i.v. injections of as little as 100 ng per mouse of bscEp-CAMxCD3 completely prevented tumor outgrowth when treatment was started at the day of tumor cell inoculation. BscEp-CAMxCD3 was also efficacious when administered up to 8 days after xenograft injection. Established tumors could be eradicated in all animals by five 10 microg doses given between days 8 and 12 after tumor cell inoculation. To test the efficacy of bscEp-CAMxCD3 in a more physiologic model, pieces of primary metastatic tumor tissue from ovarian cancer patients were implanted in NOD/SCID mice. Partial tumor engraftment and growth was observed with four of six patient samples. Treatment of established tumors with daily 5 microg doses led to a significant reduction and, in some cases, eradication of human tumor tissue. These effects obviously relied on the tumor-resident T cells reactivated by bscEp-CAMxCD3. Our data show that the class of single-chain bispecific antibodies has very high antitumor efficacy in vivo and can use previously unstimulated T cells at low effector-to-target ratios.
Regulation of Hematopoietic Differentiation and Its Disruption Group Report
Authors: C. G. Fathman, A. Ganser, N. N. Iscove, M. Karpowicz, T. Kishimoto, E. Klein, P. H. Krammer, F. Lilly, F. Melchers, D. Metcalf, P. A. Meyer, M. A. S. Moore, W. E. Paul
Journal: Leukemia (1985)
Platelet factor 4 binds to low-density lipoprotein receptors and disrupts the endocytic itinerary, resulting in retention of low-density lipoprotein on the cell surface
Authors: Bruce S. Sachais, Alice Kuo, Taher Nassar, Jeanelle Morgan, Katalin Kariko, Kevin Jon Williams, Michael Feldman, Michael Aviram, Neelima Shah, Leonard Jarett, Mortimer Poncz, Douglas B. Cines, Abd Al-Roof Higazi
Journal: Blood (2002)
Oxidized LDL induces ventricular myocyte damage and abnormal electrical activity?role of lipid hydroperoxides
Authors: K ZORNPAULY, P SCHAFFER, B PELZMANN, E BERNHART, G WEI, P LANG, G LEDINSKI, J GREILBERGER, B KOIDL, G JURGENS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

It was our aim to investigate effects of human LDL, copper-, or AAPH-oxidized over different periods of time to different degrees (ox-LDL), on viability and electrophysiological parameters of isolated ventricular myocytes of guinea pigs.Guinea pig ventricular myocytes were incubated with ox-LDL or native LDL (at 0.5 mg/ml) for 12 h, and afterwards myocyte damage, action potentials, and transmembrane ion currents were studied (at 37 degrees C).Ox-LDL was found to induce severe myocyte damage, whereas native LDL had no effect. Myocyte damage was dependent on the content of total lipid hydroperoxides in both copper-oxidized and AAPH-oxidized LDL. Incubation with ox-LDL led to intense contractile and electrophysiological effects including prolongation of action potential duration, depolarization of resting membrane potential, spontaneous activity, generation of afterdepolarizations, and modification of transmembrane ion currents (e.g. inward rectifier, calcium, and background currents).Ox-LDL induced cell damage and irregular electrical activity in ventricular myocytes. These effects were dependent on the lipid hydroperoxide content of ox-LDL and were similar to oxidative stress (OS) induced by various OS-generating systems. The observed effects may play a role for functional cardiac abnormalities in patients with increased ox-LDL levels.
Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2009. Part III: Mechanical ventilation, acute lung injury and respiratory distress syndrome, pediatrics, ethics, and miscellanea
Authors: Massimo Antonelli, Elie Azoulay, Marc Bonten, Jean Chastre, Giuseppe Citerio, Giorgio Conti, Daniel De Backer, François Lemaire, Herwig Gerlach, Goran Hedenstierna, Michael Joannidis, Duncan Macrae, Jordi Mancebo, Salvatore M. Maggiore, Alexandre Mebazaa, Jean-Charles Preiser, Jerôme Pugin, Jan Wernerman, Haibo Zhang
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)

Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2009. Part III : mechanical ventilation, acute lung injury and respiratory distress syndrome, pediatrics, ethics, and miscellanea
A genome-wide transcriptional activity survey of rice transposable element-related genes
Authors: Yuling Jiao, Xing Wang Deng
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Abstract Background Transposable element (TE)-related genes comprise a significant portion of the gene catalog of grasses, although their functions are insufficiently characterized. The recent availability of TE-related gene annotation from the complete genome sequence of rice ( Oryza sativa ) has created an opportunity to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the transcriptional activities of these potentially mobile elements and their related genes. Results We conducted a genome-wide survey of the transcriptional activity of TE-related genes associated with 15 developmental stages and stress conditions. This dataset was obtained using a microarray encompassing 2,191 unique TE-related rice genes, which were represented by oligonucleotide probes that were free from cross-hybridization. We found that TE-related genes exhibit much lower transcriptional activities than do non-TE-related genes, although representative transcripts were detected from all superfamilies of both type I and II TE-related genes. The strongest transcriptional activities were detected in TE-related genes from among the MULE and CACTA superfamilies. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that domesticated TE-related genes tend to form clades with active transcription. In addition, chromatin-level regulations through histone and DNA modifications, as well as enrichment of certain cis elements in the promoters, appear to contribute to the transcriptional activation of representative TE-related genes. Conclusion Our findings reveal clear, albeit low, general transcription of TE-related genes. In combination with phylogenetic analysis, transcriptional analysis has the potential to lead to the identification of domesticated TEs with adapted host functions.
Asbestos Removal, Health Hazards, and the EPA
Authors: William C. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Resolution 193 (A-90), which was adopted by the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association, called on the Council on Scientific Affairs to study the situation regarding asbestos abatement, the risks to health, and the appropriateness of Environmental Protection Agency regulations, policies, and control measures. This report reviews the current status of asbestos abatement as applied to schools and public buildings, which currently accounts for the major expenditure of public funds. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:696-697)
Nasal ventilation in pregnancy: treatment of nocturnal hypoventilation in a patient with kyphoscoliosis
Authors: LJ Restrick, BR Clapp, C Mikelsons, JA Wedzicha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

The management of a young woman with congenital kyphoscoliosis, who developed symptomatic nocturnal hypoventilation during the third trimester of pregnancy, is described. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) was safely and effectively used to correct nocturnal hypoxaemia and hypercapnia from the 30th-36th week of gestation, when a healthy boy was delivered by Caesarean section. Following delivery, the mother no longer required NIPPV and returned to her prepregnancy level of activity.
Current status of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the immunotherapy of melanoma
Authors: Howard L Kaufman, Carl E Ruby, Tasha Hughes, Craig L Slingluff
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

In 2012, it was estimated that 9180 people in the United States would die from melanoma and that more than 76,000 new cases would be diagnosed. Surgical resection is effective for early-stage melanoma, but outcomes are poor for patients with advanced disease. Expression of tumor-associated antigens by melanoma cells makes the disease a promising candidate for immunotherapy. The hematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has a variety of effects on the immune system including activation of T cells and maturation of dendritic cells, as well as an ability to promote humoral and cell-mediated responses. Given its immunobiology, there has been interest in strategies incorporating GM-CSF in the treatment of melanoma. Preclinical studies with GM-CSF have suggested that it has antitumor activity against melanoma and can enhance the activity of anti-melanoma vaccines. Numerous clinical studies have evaluated recombinant GM-CSF as a monotherapy, as adjuvant with or without cancer vaccines, or in combination with chemotherapy. Although there have been suggestions of clinical benefit in some studies, results have been inconsistent. More recently, novel approaches incorporating GM-CSF in the treatment of melanoma have been evaluated. These have included oncolytic immunotherapy with the GM-CSF-expressing engineered herpes simplex virus talimogene laherparepvec and administration of GM-CSF in combination with ipilimumab, both of which have improved patient outcomes in phase 3 studies. This review describes the diverse body of preclinical and clinical evidence regarding use of GM-CSF in the treatment of melanoma.
A Multimarker Prognostic Assay for Primary Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Mohammed Kashani-Sabet, Suraj Venna, Mehdi Nosrati, Javier Rangel, Antje Sucker, Friederike Egberts, Frederick L. Baehner, Jeff Simko, Stanley P.L. Leong, Chris Haqq, Axel Hauschild, Dirk Schadendorf, James R. Miller, Richard W. Sagebiel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: To determine the prognostic significance of a multimarker assay incorporating expression levels of three molecular markers in primary cutaneous melanoma. Experimental Design: We assessed expression levels of NCOA3, SPP1, and RGS1 using immunohistochemical analysis in a tissue microarray cohort of 395 patients. For each marker, we identified optimal cut-points for expression intensity to predict disease-specific survival (DSS) and, as a secondary endpoint, sentinel lymph node (SLN) status. The cumulative overexpression of all three markers was embodied in a multimarker index, and its prognostic effect on DSS and SLN status was assessed using Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and logistic regression. The prognostic effect of this multimarker assay on DSS was assessed in an independent cohort of 141 patients, in which marker expression levels were scored using immunohistochemical analysis of stained tissue sections. Results: Increasing multimarker index scores were significantly predictive of reduced DSS and increased SLN metastasis in the 395-patient cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed multimarker expression scores as an independent predictor of SLN status (P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the independent effect of the multimarker index on DSS (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The multimarker index was the most significant factor predicting DSS when compared with other clinical and histologic factors, including SLN status (P = 0.002). Multimarker expression scores were also the most significantly predictive of DSS in the independent cohort (P = 0.01). Conclusions: These results describe a multimarker assay with independent prognostic effect on the prediction of survival associated with melanoma in two distinct cohorts. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(22):698792)
Cohort study on effects of parathyroid surgery on multiple outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: P. Vestergaard
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To assess the effects of surgery compared with conservative treatment (no surgery) for primary hyperparathyroidism. <b>Design</b> Cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Nationwide Danish cohort. <b>Participants</b> 3213 patients, mean age 61 (SD 16) years, with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism between 1980 and 1999. 1934 (60%) underwent surgery and 1279 (40%) were treated conservatively. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Occurrence of fractures, osteoporosis, kidney or urinary tract stones, acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, heart failure, stroke, acute pancreatitis, stomach or duodenal ulcers, muscle pain, malignant diseases, psychiatric disorders, and mortality. <b>Results</b> At diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism, patients who subsequently underwent surgery had a lower prevalence of previous fracture (odds ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.51 to 0.80), acute myocardial infarction (0.59, 0.42 to 0.83), stroke (0.57, 0.37 to 0.88), psychiatric disorders (0.54, 0.31 to 0.94), and painful muscle disorders (0.44, 0.26 to 0.76), whereas kidney stones (2.49, 1.93 to 3.23) and acute pancreatitis (2.77, 1.33 to 5.76) were more prevalent. After diagnosis, the risks of fractures (hazards ratio 0.69, 0.56 to 0.84) and gastric ulcers (0.59, 0.41 to 0.84) were lower in patients treated surgically than those treated conservatively. Events involving kidney or urinary tact stones were more prevalent in patients treated surgically than patients treated conservatively (1.87, 1.30 to 2.68). Mortality was lower in patients treated surgically (0.65, 0.57 to 0.73). <b>Conclusions</b> Patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism have a lower prevalence of fractures and gastric ulcers than patients treated conservatively. The type of treatment had no effect on the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
The Intervention of Saint George
Authors: William J Hall
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sublingual immunotherapy for peanut allergy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial
Authors: David M. Fleischer, A. Wesley Burks, Brian P. Vickery, Amy M. Scurlock, Robert A. Wood, Stacie M. Jones, Scott H. Sicherer, Andrew H. Liu, Donald Stablein, Alice K. Henning, Lloyd Mayer, Robert Lindblad, Marshall Plaut, Hugh A. Sampson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat
Authors: S. J. Crowe, Walter E. Loch, Edwin N. Broyles
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1950)

Postpartum depression (PPD) is common, disabling, and treatable. The strongest risk factor is a history of mood or anxiety disorder, especially having active symptoms during pregnancy. As PPD is one of the most common complications of childbirth, it is ...Read More
ARTHROPOD TRANSMISSION OF RABBIT PAPILLOMATOSIS
Authors: Herbert T. Dalmat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

The virus of rabbit papillomatosis, a neoplastic disease studied intensively in relation to cancer because of its tendency toward malignant transformation, has been successfully transmitted by Aedes aegypti, Rhodnius prolixus, and Triatoma infestans from papillomas induced in cottontail rabbits, and by the first species mentioned, from papillomas induced in domestic rabbits. This was accomplished by interrupted feeding, feeding after an interval of several days from the infective meal, or by application of a suspension of the mouthparts of the insects either immediately after their infective meal or several days later. Insect transmission was also successful from the satellite growths resulting from subcutaneous extensions of the typical papillomas of infected cottontails, and from certain peculiar, subcutaneous nodules, arising rapidly after infection, and not heretofore described. Although the latter growths resembled rabbit fibromas, antibodies to fibroma virus could not be demonstrated by neutralization tests with the sera of the animals involved.
Stress and Immune Responses After Surgical Treatment for Regional Breast Cancer
Authors: Barbara L. Andersen, William B. Farrar, Deanna Golden-Kreutz, Leigh Ann Kutz, Robert MacCallum, Mary Elizabeth Courtney, Ronald Glaser
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Background: Adults who undergo chronic stress, such as the diagnosis and surgical treatment of breast cancer, often experience adjustment difficulties and important biologic effects.This stress can affect the immune system, possibly reducing the ability of individuals with cancer to resist disease progression and metastatic spread.We examined whether stress influences cellular immune responses in patients following breast cancer diagnosis and surgery.Methods: We studied 116 patients recently treated surgically for invasive breast cancer.Before beginning their adjuvant therapy, all subjects completed a validated questionnaire assessing the stress of being cancer patients.A 60-mL blood sample taken from each patient was subjected to a panel of natural killer (NK) cell and Tlymphocyte assays.We then developed multiple regression models to test the contribution of psychologic stress in predicting immune function.All regression equations controlled for variables that might exert short-or longterm effects on these responses, and we also ruled out other potentially confounding variables.Results: We found, reproducibly between and within assays, the following: 1) Stress level significantly predicted lower NK cell lysis, 2) stress level significantly predicted diminished response of NK cells to recombinant interferon gamma, and 3) stress level significantly predicted de-creased proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to plant lectins and to a monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell receptor.Conclusions: The data show that the physiologic effects of stress inhibit cellular immune responses that are relevant to cancer prognosis, including NK cell toxicity and T-cell responses.Additional, longitudinal studies are needed to determine the duration of these effects, their health consequences, and their biologic and/or behavioral mechanisms.[