tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aminoglycoside Penetration of the Pericardium
Authors: SHELTON W. THOMAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1982Aminoglycoside Penetration of the PericardiumSHELTON W. THOMAS, M.D.SHELTON W. THOMAS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-3-382_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Information concerning aminoglycoside penetration into pericardial fluid is limited. Riff and Jackson (1) suggest that gentamicin penetrates into pericardial fluid reaching concentrations approximately one half those found in serum. Accordingly, a patient treated for suppurative pericarditis with an aminoglycoside would be exposed to high drug levels in the serum for an extended period, and nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity could result (2). However, Scherrer and colleagues (3) have shown equal levels of the aminoglycoside tobramycin in serum and exudative pericardial fluid when drawn simultaneously (3). Thus, high serum levels might not be necessary for effective treatment of gram-negative pericarditis....References1. RIFFJACKSON LG. Pharmacology of gentamicin in man. J Infect Dis. 1971;124(Suppl):S98-105. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. PECHEREDUGAL JR. Clinical pharmacokinetics of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1979;4:170-99. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SCHERRERKEARNSJACKSON JGJ. Tobramycin penetration into pericardial fluid. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1981;38:1039-40. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Marshall University Huntingdon, West Virginia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1982Volume 96, Issue 3Page: 382-383KeywordsAttentionDrugsPericardium Issue Published: 1 March 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Distributions of Industry Payments to Massachusetts Physicians
Authors: Aaron S. Kesselheim, Christopher T. Robertson, Kent Siri, Puneet Batra, Jessica M. Franklin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Massachusetts now requires drug and device manufacturers to report payments they make to physicians or teaching hospitals. The first 30 months' worth of data included 32,227 reported payments to 11,734 Massachusetts physicians, for a total of $76.7 million.
Factor XIIa regulates the structure of the fibrin clot independently of thrombin generation through direct interaction with fibrin
Authors: Joke Konings, José W. P. Govers-Riemslag, Helen Philippou, Nicola J. Mutch, Julian I. Borissoff, Peter Allan, Sumitra Mohan, Guido Tans, Hugo ten Cate, Robert A. S. Ariëns
Journal: Blood (2011)
Intention Myoclonus— Diazepam and Phenobarbital Treatment
Authors: Arthur D. Rosen
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The clinical entity of intention myoclonus after hypoxic encephalopathy was reviewed by Lance and Adams.<sup>1</sup>The manifestations of this nonprogressive condition are constant, disabling myoclonic movements of the affected extremities precipitated by, and interrupting, voluntary movement of that extremity. In addition, a mild cerebellar ataxia is usually present. Lapses in postural control may be part of the syndrome. The usual anticonvulsants have provided only partial relief of symptoms and then only when used in near toxic dosages. The present report relates our experience with two patients with intention myoclonus and, in particular, the effective control of their symptoms with diazepam. <h3>Report of Cases:—Case 1.—</h3> A 34-year-old physician experienced an episode of cardiac arrest during an elective herniorrhaphy performed with the patient under spinal anesthesia. The arrest was noted immediately and prompt resuscitative measures were undertaken. The patient remained comatose for a period of 36
Mental health act “a missed opportunity”
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The UK government has announced a review of the NHS in a bid to ensure that clinical priorities and local accountability are paramount in the health service's day to day operations.The health secretary, Alan Johnson, has asked the junior health minister and surgeon Sir Ara Darzi to lead the review and to consult widely with patients and staff.The move is widely seen as a bid to mend relationships with health professionals, many of whom feel aggrieved by a decade of nonstop NHS reforms.Mr Johnson said that providing more accessible and convenient care for patients; achieving better value for money; and ensuring that people with long term illness were "treated with dignity in safe, clean environments" were all key areas that the review would look at.He also announced an extra £50m (€74m; $100m) to fight hospital acquired infections.Mr Johnson said, "The past 10 years have seen huge improvements in the NHS, and thanks to record investment and measures to raise standards, nine out of 10 patients rate their care as good to excellent."He added, "What was right for the last decade-top down targets and important but sometimes difficult reforms-will not be right for the next, where more local decision making and staff empowerment need to drive the NHS."He said that the review could result in an NHS constitution that sets out its values and lines of accountability.The full report will be published in June 2008.An interim assessment in autumn 2007 will inform the next comprehensive spending review.Gill Morgan, chief executive of the NHS Confederation, said, "We hope that this is not just another review but a genuine exercise in listening and understanding where the service has got to and where it needs to go.The opportunity to re-engage staff with the NHS reform programme is too important to be missed.
Terminal ileum images for verification of colonoscopy completion
Authors: S. Pontone, A. Lamazza
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Reading the study by Powell et al. [1] on the use of captured images for verification of completion of colonoscopy, we strongly agree with the use of digital images as a quality indicator for endoscopy. Indeed, while on the one hand suspected incompletion can mean unnecessary repetition of colonoscopy, on the other hand, underestimating the possible error in assessment of completion can lead to missed diagnosis.
Essentials of Diagnostic Breast Pathology: A Practical Approach
Authors: Giovanna Crisi, Robert Goulart
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Age discrimination difficult to identify, says Kings Fund guide
Authors: S. Macdonald
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Older people may be missing out on vital health and social care services because age discrimination is not being identified, according to a guide published by health policy organisation the King's Fund.

The guide blames a lack of expertise in recognising ageism as the problem. Its author, Ros Levenson, says, “Tackling age discrimination is too low on the agenda for many health and social care organisations. But ageism is a serious equality issue.” Older people “must be able to access services on the basis of clinical need and on …
HIGH-RISK PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION RESULTS IN SUBSTANTIAL REVERSE REMODELING OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE IN ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Melissa A. Daubert, Joseph Massaro, Jeffrey Popma, Ashish Pershad, Suresh Mulukutla, Magnus Ohman, William O'Neill, Pamela Douglas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Familial Plasma Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency
Authors: B. Hamnstrom, E. Gjone, K. R. Norum
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A WOMAN WITH FAMILIAL PLASMA LECITHIN: cholesterol acyltransferase (L.C.A.T.) deficiency showed, like the other reported cases, obvious corneal opacity, proteinuria, and moderate anaemia with a slight haemolytic component. In the plasma the concentrations of free cholesterol, triglycerides, and lecithin were high, and those of esterified cholesterol, lysolecithin, and alphalipoprotein were low. L.C.A.T. activity in plasma was 10% of normal. The heparin-induced lipolytic activity in plasma was reduced. The erythrocyte lipid pattern was abnormal and showed the same pattern as earlier described in L.C.A.T. deficiency.The patient's brother also probably suffered from the disease and died in uraemia. These are the fourth and fifth known patients with L.C.A.T. deficiency, the first one reported in a male, and the first one with a fatal outcome.
Design and methodology of the COACH study: a multicenter randomised Coordinating study evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counselling in Heart failure
Authors: Tiny Jaarsma, Martje H.L. van der Wal, Jochem Hogenhuis, Ivonne Lesman, Marie‐Louise A. Luttik, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2003)
335 VEGF-A GENE SILENCING AND IMMUNOSTIMULATION COMBINED IN ONE SIRNA INCREASED ANTI TUMORAL THERAPY EFFICACY IN AN HCC ORTHOTOPIC FIBROTIC TUMOR MODEL
Authors: M. Kornek, V. Lukacs-Kornek, E. Raskopf, A. Limmer, T. Sauerbruch, V. Schmitz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Polymer-Surfactant Treatment of Meconium-induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: KAREN W. LU, H. WILLIAM TAEUSCH, BENGT ROBERTSON, JON GOERKE, JOHN A. CLEMENTS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Substances (for example, serum proteins or meconium) that interfere with the activity of pulmonary surfactant in vitro may also be important in the pathogenesis or progression of acute lung injury. Addition of polymers such as dextran or polyethylene glycol (PEG) to surfactants prevents and reverses surfactant inactivation. The purpose of this study was to find out whether surfactant/polymer mixtures are more effective for treating one form of acute lung injury than is surfactant alone. Acute lung injury in adult rats was created by tracheal instillation of human meconium. Injured animals, which were anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated with 100% oxygen and not treated with surfactant mixtures, remained hypoxic and required high ventilator pressures to maintain PaCO2 in the normal range over the 3 h of the experiment. Uninjured animals maintained normal values for oxygen and compliance of the respiratory system. The greatest improvement in both oxygenation (178%) and compliance (42%) occurred in animals with lung injury that were treated with Survanta and PEG (versus untreated control animals; p < 0.01), whereas little improvement was found after treatment with Survanta alone. Similar results were found when postmortem pulmonary pressure-volume curves and histology were examined. We conclude that adding PEG to Survanta improves gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics, and histologic appearance of the lungs in a rat model of acute lung injury caused by meconium.
Assessing Effect of Mixing Insulins by Glucose-Clamp Technique in Subjects With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: S Colagiuri, S Villalobos
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

The glucose-clamp technique was used to assess the effect on insulin activity of mixing clinically relevant doses of short-and longer-acting insulins in insulin-treated diabetic subjects. Mixtures of porcine regular and lente insulins resulted in a reduction in activity of the mixture compared with separate injection that was more apparent with premixing for 5 min before injecting than with premixing for 2 min. These findings were not explained by differences in volume of the injected insulin preparations. Mixing of porcine regular and bovine ultralente insulins for 2 min before injecting resulted in a reduced activity compared with separate injection. No difference in activity was obvious for porcine regular and NPH insulins given separately or premixed for 5 min. A reduction of activity during the 1st h after injection was observed when separate injection of one brand of these insulins (Velosulin or Insulatard) was compared with the manufactured mixture (Mixtard). These results indicate that premixing regular and NPH insulins in a l-to-2 ratio does not alter the biological activity compared with separate administration of the insulins. However, the mixing of regular and insulin-zinc suspensions results in a loss of insulin activity, the magnitude of which depends on the time between mixing and injecting the insulin. The clinical significance of the effect of mixing on the efficacy of subcutaneous insulin therapy should be considered in the context that this is only one of many factors that may affect the activity of subcutaneously injected insulin.
Studies Concerning the Role of the Adrenal Cortex in the Pathologic Physiology of Diabetic Acidosis. II. The Identification of Adrenal-Conditioned Factors in the Physiologic Reaction to the Stress of Insulin Deprivation1
Authors: J. W. McArthur, E. Gautier, K. A. Swallow, A. Godley, E. A. MacLachlan, M. L. Terry, D. Hume, J. Crepeaux, F. A. Simeone, H. Keitel, H. Berman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1954)

IBlood, plasma and serum constituents preceding and accompanying the administration of ACTH to a depancreatiwed dog Beginning of Clinical Total Neutro-Lympho-Eosino-C02 Date and time period notes WBC phils cytes phils Sugar content Hgb.CelUs/mm.3mg.% mEq./
Management of medical research. Don't confuse management with administration.
Authors: J B Bard
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Council (MRC), finds himself when defending peer review is apparent in his letter' in response to my and Jenny Harrow's papers.2If he believes that our work should not have been published then he is a long way down the road to accepting the fallibility of the peer review system that allowed this, which is the very system he seeks to support.On the other hand, if he believes that peer review delivers the "right" answers then this too gives validity to our peer reviewed arguments about its shortcomings, suggesting that the MRC should give them deeper consideration than it has done.Rees is in danger of seeming to endorse peer review when its findings concur with his own while rejecting its outcomes if they are at odds with his views.
Abstract 2945: Anti-tumor effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Ashraf A. Khalil, Mark J. Axelrod, Matthew A. Hubbard, Anne K. Maxwell, Linnea E. Taniguchi, Rolando E. Mendez, Mark J. Jameson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Back ground: Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) activity is upregulated in a variety of human cancers and IGF1R signaling has been implicated as a mechanism of resistance to various cancer therapies, including radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and targeted molecular therapy. We have demonstrated that IGF1R activation can induce resistance to targeted therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Targeting the IGF1R by selective small molecule kinase inhibition may thus hold promise as an adjuvant treatment for HNSCC. Aims: (1) To assess the anti-tumor effects of two IGF1R/insulin receptor TKIs, BMS-754807 and OSI-906, in multiple HNSCC cell lines in vitro. (2) To evaluate the effect of combined IGF1R and EGFR inhibition in HNSCC cell lines in vitro. Methods: The effect of IGF1R inhibition on cell proliferation, viability, survival, and apoptosis was assessed using alamarBlue, trypan blue exclusion, clonogenic, and flow cytometric assays in 9 HNSCC cell lines. Alterations in downstream IGF1R signaling were assessed by standard immunoblot. The impact of combining an EGFR-TKI with an IGF1R-TKI was measured. Result: Both BMS-754807 and OSI-906 inhibited IGF1R phosphorylation at 200 nM. Complete inhibition of the phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt required higher concentrations. Both inhibitors slowed proliferation, decreased cell viability, and decreased cell survival in all 9 cell lines. The EC50 to inhibit proliferation was in the range of X to X microM for BMS-754807 and X to X microM for OSI-906. Both drugs induced apoptosis in HNSCC tumor cell lines based on flow cytometric analysis of caspase-3 cleavage and PARP cleavage. In combination with gefitinib and lapatinib, BMS-754807 and OSI-906 were capable of synergistic growth inhibition. Conclusion: Inhibition of IGF1R activity using the selective TKIs BMS-754807 and OSI906 has an antitumor effect on HNSCC cells in vitro. These drugs are synergistic with EGFR-TKIs and co-targeting the two receptors may represent an approach to overcoming clinical resistance to targeted anti-growth factor therapy in HNSCC. Citation Format: Ashraf A. Khalil, Mark J. Axelrod, Matthew A. Hubbard, Anne K. Maxwell, Linnea E. Taniguchi, Rolando E. Mendez, Mark J. Jameson. Anti-tumor effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2945. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2945
563. Correction of Glycogen Storage Disease Type II by Systemic Delivery of an AAV2/8 Vector Containing a Muscle-Specific Promoter
Authors: Baodong Sun, Ping Li, Brown Talmage, Bird Andrew, Zhen Yan, Dwight D. Koeberl
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Glycogen storage disease type II (GSD-II; Pompe disease; MIM 232300) is a genetic muscle disorder caused by a deficiency of acid-α-glucosidase (GAA; acid maltase; EC 3.2.1.20), which results in glycogen accumulation, primarily involving the heart and skeletal muscle. Previously, we provided evidence that an AAV2/6 vector containing a muscle-specific creatine kinase (MCK) promoter leads to persistent, high-level human GAA expression and glycogen clearance in the injected muscle in an immunocompetent GAA-KO mouse model. Muscle-restricted expression of hGAA provoked only a humoral (not cellular) immune response. We hypothesized that systemic administration of an AAV2/8 vector containing a MCK promoter could provide long-term efficacy in multiple muscles in GAA-KO mice. We intravenously administered either a low dose (1x1011 vg, n=3) or high dose (1x1012 vg, n=4) of the MCK-containing AAV2/8 vector in adult GAA-KO mice. At 18 weeks post-injection, GAA activity was significantly elevated only for the high-dose group to greater than the level for normal mice in heart (1.5-fold increase) and skeletal muscle (3.2-fold increase). The glycogen content was reduced by 46% and 50% in heart and quadriceps respectively, when compared to untreated, age-matched GAA-KO mice. Periodic acid-Schiff staining of glycogen confirmed correction of glycogen accumulation in individual myofibers of heart and quadriceps of AAV-treated mice. Low-level GAA activity was observed in liver and diaphragm, which is most likely related to lower activity of the MCK promoter in those tissues, because higher copy number of vector genome were present in liver (109.3 vg/cell) and diaphragm (1.63 vg/cell) than that in heart (0.47 vg/cell) and quadriceps (0.99 vg/cell) as determined by quantitative real-time PCR. In order to characterize transgene expression in different types of muscle fibers, an AAV vector encoding GFP under control of the MCK promoter was administered intravenously (1x1012 vg). Expression of GFP was detected in heart, quadriceps and soleus muscles, but not in EDL (extensor digitorum longus) muscle at 18 weeks after vector injection. Fiber-typing confirmed that soleus muscle consists mainly of type I (slow) myofibers, while EDL consists of type IIb (fast) myofiber in GAA-KO mice. In summary, persistent correction of glycogen storage in type I fibers of the heart and skeletal muscle was achieved with an AAV2/8 vector containing a MCK promoter in GAA-KO mice. This approach could be considered for muscle-targeted gene therapy in Pompe disease.
Admissions to Hospital due to Drugs
Authors: N. Hurwitz
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a survey of adverse drug reactions in wards of two Belfast hospitals for 52 weeks in 1965-6, 2.9% of 1,268 patients seen were admitted to hospital because of adverse reactions to drugs taken for therapeutic reasons and 2.1% were admitted because of self-poisoning. Patients admitted because of adverse drug reactions were older than those admitted because of self-poisoning and stayed in hospital longer. Among the drugs which caused the adverse reactions were digitalis preparations, antibiotics, corticosteroids, anticoagulants, analgesics, and tranquillizers. Hypersensitivity and side-effect types of reactions were the most common. Barbiturates were the most frequently used drugs in suicidal attempts.
Germ-line mutations of thep16INK4(MTS1) gene occur in a subset of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: P Chaubert, R Gayer, A Zimmermann, C Fontolliet, B Stamm, F Bosman, P Shaw
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The molecular mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis are poorly understood. Only very recently has there been a suggestion of familial hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have analyzed the status of the p16 INK4 (MTS1) gene, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in 26 patients with HCC of different etiologies. Four patients carried hemizygous germ-line point mutations of the p16 INK4 (MTS1) gene, suggesting the existence of familial HCC involving this gene. The wild-type allele was lost in the tumor in 2 of these 4 patients. Three of the patients carrying a germ-line mutation had non-cirrhosis-associated HCC. No somatic mutations of p16 INK4 (MTS1) were observed in the 26 cases of HCC. The most common somatic alteration of the p16 INK4 (MTS1) gene in HCC was de novo methylation, which was detected in 48% of the cases. Low levels (21%) of p16 INK4 (MTS1) gene allele loss were observed. Altogether, these results indicate that alteration of the p16 INK4 (MTS1) gene plays an important role in the genesis of HCC.
Pancreatic ascites: complication after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of a pancreatic cyst
Authors: J. Babich, R. Bonasera, J. Klein, D. Friedel
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Pancreatic ascites can result from disruption of the pancreatic duct with the resultant intraperitoneal accumulation of pancreatic juice. A 71-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with complaints of diffuse, sharp abdominal pain for the last 7 days. One week prior to admission she had undergone an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of a pancreatic tail cyst; a 22-gauge needle was used to aspirate clear fluid from what appeared to be a 13-mm side branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm ([Fig. 1]).