tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SOME CLINICAL USES OF PAPAVERINE IN HEART DISEASE
Authors: STEPHEN R. ELEK
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Papaverine is an opium alkaloid of the benzylisoquinoline group, of low toxicity and non-habit forming.<sup>1</sup>At the present time its widest clinical use is in the treatment of conditions associated with smooth muscle spasm, e. g. peripheral vascular embolism,<sup>2</sup>pulmonary embolism,<sup>3</sup>Raynaud's disease<sup>4</sup>and ureteral<sup>5</sup>or other types of tubular spasm. We have recently investigated its action on the dog's heart and have found that it is a powerful and lasting coronary vasodilator,<sup>6</sup>that it diminishes considerably the ease with which ventricular fibrillation is induced by faradic or other type of stimulation<sup>7</sup>and that after its administration vigorous manual massage of the heart will restore orderly, synergic beating to the fibrillating ventricles.<sup>8</sup> Further studies on the dog's heart<sup>9</sup>revealed that: 1. Papaverine in large doses depresses auriculoventricular and intraventricular conductivity leading to auriculoventricular and intraventricular block. 2. It decreases or eliminates
All-<i>trans</i>-Retinoic Acid Prevents Radiation- or Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Chiharu Tabata, Yoshio Kadokawa, Rie Tabata, Meiko Takahashi, Kae Okoshi, Yoshiharu Sakai, Michiaki Mishima, Hajime Kubo
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Rationale: Although radiotherapy is effective in treating lung cancers, resultant pulmonary injury is the main obstacle. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by progressive worsening in pulmonary function leading to high incidence of death. Currently, however, there has been little progress in effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.Objectives: Previously, we reported that all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) reduced both irradiation-induced interleukin (IL)-6 production in lung fibroblasts and IL-6–dependent cell growth, and also directly inhibited the proliferation of lung fibroblasts after irradiation. In this study, we examined the preventive effect of ATRA on the progression of lung fibrosis both in irradiated and bleomycin-treated mice.Measurements: We performed histologic examinations and quantitative measurements of IL-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and collagen type Iα1 (COL1A1) in irradiated and bleomycin- treated mouse lung tissues with or without the administration of ATRA.Results: Lethal irradiation effect was reduced by intraperitoneal administration of ATRA, and the overall survival rate at 16 wk was 30.0% without ATRA (n = 11), whereas it was 81.8% (n = 10) in the treatment group (p = 0.04). In vitro studies disclosed that the administration of ATRA reduced (1) irradiation-induced production of IL-6, TGF-β1, and collagen from IMR90 cells, and (2) IL-6–dependent proliferation and TGF-β1–dependent transdifferentiation of the cells, which could be the mechanism underlying the preventive effect of ATRA on lung fibrosis. Furthermore, ATRA ameliorated bleomycin-induced fibrosis in mouse lung tissues.Conclusions: These data may provide a rationale to explore clinical use of ATRA for the prevention of radiation-induced lung fibrosis and other pathologic conditions involving pulmonary fibrosis.
Structural Changes Accompanying Enzymatic Activation of Human Hageman Factor
Authors: Susan D. Revak, Charles G. Cochrane, Alan R. Johnston, Tony E. Hugli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The structure of Hageman factor, isolated from human plasma, was analyzed before and after enzymatic activation. The purified molecule is a single polypeptide chain of 80,000 molecular weight (mol wt) sedimenting at 4.5S. An amino acid analysis has been performed. The concentration of Hageman factor in normal human plasma was found to be 29 mug/ml with variation between individuals ranging from 15 to 47 mug/ml. Treatment of the molecule with kallikrein, plasmin, or trypsin resulted in cleavage at two primary sites, yielding fragments of 52,000, 40,000, and 28,000 mol wt. No further changes occurred in the fragments with subsequent reduction. Prekallikrein-activating ability was associated exclusively with the 28,000 moiety.
Der psychogene Kopfschmerz und seine Behandlung mit Hypnose und autogenem Training
Authors: W.P.J. Vië;tor, J.M. Zwart
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1966)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 Der psychogene Kopfschmerz und seine Behandlung mit Hypnose und autogenem Training Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology W.P.J. Vië;tor; W.P.J. Vië;tor aHelmond, Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.M. Zwart J.M. Zwart bRotterdam Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1966) 14 (5-6): 471–474. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285875 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W.P.J. Vië;tor, J.M. Zwart; Der psychogene Kopfschmerz und seine Behandlung mit Hypnose und autogenem Training. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1966; 14 (5-6): 471–474. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285875 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal 1966Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Effective Phototherapy in Congenital Nonobstructive, Nonhemolytic Jaundice
Authors: Myron Karon, Daniel Imach, Allen Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

CONGENITAL nonobstructive, nonhemolytic jaundice (the Crigler—Najjar syndrome) is characterized by the presence of indirect hyperbilirubinemia caused by a deficiency in the activity of the transferase forming bilirubin glucuronide.1 In 80 per cent of those affected "kernicterus" develops, usually early in childhood or in some cases after a long asymptomatic course.2 Attempts have been made to lower the concentration of serum bilirubin by the use of resins3 or by exchange transfusion or hemodialysis (or both).2 These measures have had only limited success. More recently, phenobarbital has been demonstrated to decrease serum bilirubin in some but not all cases of the Crigler—Najjar . . .
Expanding Coverage for Children — The Democrats' Power and SCHIP Reauthorization
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In the first demonstration of Democratic dominance on health care issues since Barack Obama captured the White House, the new Congress quickly reauthorized the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), enabling the president to sign the measure into law within days after taking office. Though falling short of President Obama's goal of ensuring that “every child in America has access to affordable health care,” the measure should sustain SCHIP's current enrollment of about 7 million and expand coverage to an additional 4.1 million children by 2013.The rapid action underscored Democrats' intention to reverse or amend many health policies put . . .
Doctors need to embrace leadership roles for good of health service, says royal college
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors are being urged to take up leadership roles in health policy and politics to shape the health service over the next 20 years and speed up improvements in health outcomes.

A report from the Royal College of Physicians says that “the medical profession has for too long been on the back foot . . . to the detriment of doctors and of healthcare.”

It says that the reasons for the malaise among the medical profession are complex but also that there is now “a singular opportunity” to dispel it.

In the report’s …
High Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Diabetic Youths
Authors: Zuhdi A Lababidi, David E Goldstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

M-mode echocardiography was performed on 107 young insulin-dependent diabetic subjects aged 2 – 24 yr (± SE: 13.8 ± 0.4 yr) and 636 age-group-matched controls. All patients were normotensive and free of cardiorespiratory symptoms. Diabetic patients showed a high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities that increased with age. Mean dimensions of the left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle (systolic and diastolic) were increased significantly in diabetic individuals (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Hypertrophy of the interventricular septum was present in some patients older than 12 yr of age. Mean interventricular septum excursion was markedly decreased in diabetic individuals compared with controls (3.9 ± 0.1 mm versus 5.6 ± 0.2 mm, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01). Fifteen percent of the diabetic patients but none of the controls had septal excursions less than 3 mm (2 SD below mean). Patients with decreased septal excursions showed a higher prevalence of other echocardiographic abnormalities than patients with normal septal excursions. Echocardiographic abnormalities did not correlate with either duration of diabetes or glucose control as assessed by hemoglobin Alc and plasma glucose concentrations at the time of echocardiographic testing. The results show a high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in young diabetic subjects that may represent preclinical cardiomyopathy.
Dutch doctors are told to be more aggressive in treating extremely premature babies
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Dutch doctors’ cautious approach, in comparison with their international colleagues, to intensive treatment of babies born at 24 weeks’ gestation is shifting as evidence grows that treatment offers a better chance of survival.

A new guideline from the Dutch Associations of Paediatrics and of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ordered by the ministry of health in 2007, recommends bringing forward the limit for starting treatment from 25 weeks’ to 24 weeks’ gestation.

The associations believe that “there are now enough medical reasons” to treat babies born at 24 weeks and so “give them a chance of survival.”

Its decision is based on “better possibilities for treatment in recent …
Agglomerates of ultrafine particles of elemental carbon and TiO2 induce generation of lipid mediators in alveolar macrophages.
Authors: I Beck-Speier, N Dayal, E Karg, K L Maier, C Roth, A Ziesenis, J Heyder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Agglomerates of ultrafine particles (AUFPs) may cause adverse health effects because of their large surface area. To evaluate physiologic responses of immune cells, we studied whether agglomerates of 77-nm elemental carbon [(EC); specific surface area 750 m2/g] and 21 nm titanium dioxide (TiO(2) particles (specific surface area 50 m(2)/g) affect the release of lipid mediators by alveolar macrophages (AMs). After 60-min incubation with 1 microg/mL AUFP-EC (corresponding to 7.5 cm(2) particle surface area), canine AMs (1 x 10(6) cells/mL) released arachidonic acid (AA) and the cyclooxygenase (COX) products prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2), thromboxane B(2), and 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid but not 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products. AUFP-TiO(2) with a 10-fold higher mass (10 microg/mL) than AUFP-EC, but a similar particle surface area (5 cm(2) also induced AMs to release AA and COX products. Agglomerates of 250 nm TiO(2) particles (specific surface area 6.5 m(2)/g) at 100 microg/mL mass concentration (particle surface area 6.5 cm(2) showed the same response. Interestingly, 75 cm(2)/mL surface area of AUFP-EC and 16 cm(2)/mL surface area of AUFP-TiO(2) additionally induced the release of the 5-LO products leukotriene B(4) and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Respiratory burst activity of stimulated canine neutrophils was partially suppressed by supernatants of AMs treated with various mass concentrations of the three types of particles. Inhibition of neutrophil activity was abolished by supernatants of AMs treated with COX inhibitors prior to AUFP-incubation. This indicates that anti-inflammatory properties of PGE(2) dominate the overall response of lipid mediators released by AUFP-affected AMs. In conclusion, our data indicate that surface area rather than mass concentration determines the effect of AUFPs, and that activation of phospholipase A(subscript)2(/subscript) and COX pathway occurs at a lower particle surface area than that of 5-LO-pathway. We hypothesize a protective role of PGE(2) in downregulating potential inflammatory reactions induced by ultrafine particles.
Prostate specific antigen for detecting early prostate cancer
Authors: D. Ilic, S. Green
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Evidence is inconclusive, so patient education and shared decision making are essential

Clinicians currently rely on prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurement and digital rectal examination as frontline tests for screening and diagnosing prostate cancer. Much of the controversy surrounding the merits of the PSA test is based on uncertainty about its performance in population screening. In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b3537), Holmstrom and colleagues show the test’s limitations in this context.3

In the early 1990s, the PSA test was at the forefront of prostate cancer screening and a threshold of 4 µg/l was set. This value was thought to allow detection of many curable cancers, while limiting the number of false positives and the need for men to undergo further invasive tests.1 Since then the value of this threshold has been much debated because high grade prostate cancer has been found in people with levels below 4 µg/l.2

In their case-control study, Holmstrom and colleagues assessed the validity of PSA for predicting a subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis by record …
A NEW PROCTOSCOPE AND SIGMOIDOSCOPE.
Authors: WILLIAM M. BEACH
Journal: JAMA (1901)

This new instrument differs from the ordinary rectal tube in that it contains an illuminating attachment. The apparatus complete consists of the metallic tube, a metallic light-carrier, and a metal obturator. 1. The tube (Fig. 1) varies in length from an inch and a half (the anoscope) to eight inches. Though any length can be made, the set usually contains three sizes: 1, the anoscope, one and a half inches long; 2, the proctoscope, four inches long; and 3, the sigmoidoscope, eight inches long. For diagnostic purposes, the caliber is seven-eighths of an inch; for operative purposes, as valvotomy, or removal of high-up polypus, the caliber is one and one-fifth inches, the same as in Martin's set. The handle is round and corrugated, and placed at the usual angle with the axis of the tube. In the wall of the tube on the side of the handle is an auxiliary
Cold Agglutinin Disease and the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: James L. Poth
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A 66-year-old woman entered the hospital with both chronic, idiopathic cold agglutinin disease, manifested primarily by severe hemolytic anemia, and the nephrotic syndrome. The cold agglutinin was unusual in that it was cryoprecipitable, had a very wide thermal amplitude, and possessed intense hemolytic activity. The usual causes of the nephrotic syndrome were absent and postmortem examination revealed normal-appearing glomeruli. We suggest that the IgM cold agglutinin, alone or in combination with serum complement, was etiologically related to the induction of the nephrotic syndrome via attack on the glomerular basement membrane. Treatment with chlorambucil did not significantly alter the patient's hematologic or renal disorders.
Progesterone Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Purna A. Joshi, Pamela J. Goodwin, Rama Khokha
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD, PhD; Thomas E. Rohan, PhD; JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH; Aaron K. Aragaki, MS; Andrew Kaunitz, MD; Marcia L. Stefanick, PhD; Michael S. Simon, MD; Karen C. Johnson, MD, MPH; Jean Wactawski-Wende, PhD; Mary J. O’Sullivan, MD; Lucile L. Adams-Campbell, PhD; Rami Nassir, PhD; Lawrence S. Lessin, MD; Ross L. Prentice, PhD
Masked Obstruction of the Renal Collecting System
Authors: PETER W. BLUE, STEPHEN M. MANIER, NASSER GHAED
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Two cases of apparent unilateral renal obstruction in which lesser contralateral obstructions were not seen are presented. In both cases, relief of the more severe obstruction resulted in an unmasking of the milder contralateral lesion.
Detection of Lung Cancer
Authors: David M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their recent editorial, Fontana and Sanderson (1980; 244:592) questioned the American Cancer Society's (ACS) recent recommendation concerning the use of annual chest x-ray films to screen asymptomatic smokers for lung cancer. While the rationale for the Society's recommendation is described in detail elsewhere,<sup>1</sup>Fontana and Sanderson raise several points that deserve specific responses. First, they state that "the chest roentgenogram is much more likely to disclose the presence of curable lung cancer than are symptoms or a physical examination." The ACS is aware that x-ray films can detect cancers in asymptomatic persons and that the cancers often appear to be detected in early stages. The Society is also aware, however, of the many biases that can cause an interpretation of staging information and case-survival rates to overestimate the effectiveness of a screening program. These include the lead-time bias, the length bias, patient-selection bias, and the possibility
Low to Moderate Dose Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy Is Associated With Early Noninvasive Imaging Evidence of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Brandon C. Drafts, Katie M. Twomley, Ralph D'Agostino, Julia Lawrence, Nancy Avis, Leslie R. Ellis, Vinay Thohan, Jennifer Jordan, Susan A. Melin, Frank M. Torti, William C. Little, Craig A. Hamilton, W. Gregory Hundley
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Abstract 5029: RasGRP3- a new therapeutic target in human melanoma
Authors: Dazhi Yang, Tao Juan, Noemi Kedei, Luowei Li, Stuart Yuspa, Peter Blumberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract RasGRP3, a RasGEF (Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor), is an activator of H-Ras, R-ras and Rap1, Here, we report that its expression level was increased in multiple human melanoma cell lines, reaching a level of protein expression approaching that of Ramos cells in the case of the SK-MEL-5 melanoma line. Likewise, RasGRP3 expression was variably elevated in human melanoma tissue samples. The importance of RasGRP3 expression for the melanoma cell lines was demonstrated by down regulating its expression, which inhibited cell proliferation and blocked both colony formation in soft agar and xenograft tumor formation in immunodeficient mice in the case of both the M14 and SK-Mel-5 cell lines. Finally, RasGRP3 was involved in downstream signaling in these cells. Suppression of RasGRP3 expression reduced both basal and HGF induced AKT phosphorylation in the M14 and SK-Mel-5 cells. Consistent with these results, we found that overexpression of RasGRP3 in human primary melanocytes changed their morphology, enhanced cell proliferation, and caused xenograft tumor formation. Suppression of the RasGRP3 overexpression in these cells inhibited downstream RasGRP3 responses and suppressed cell growth, confirming the functional role of RasGRP3 in the altered behavior of these cells. We conclude that RasGRP3 represents a potential therapeutic target in melanoma. Even more generally, the high level of expression and functional role of RasGRP3 in melanoma emphasizes that this RasGEF may play a more general role in regulation of Ras family members than had been initially appreciated. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5029.
Ebbing Epidemic: Youth Homicide Rate at a 14-Year Low
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (1999)

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970-2 Digitally Compressed Echocardiograms Offer Superior Image and Diagnostic Quality to Video Tape: Results of the Digital ERA (Echo Record Access) Study
Authors: Tom H. Karson, Shalabh Chandra, Richard C. Zepp, Nancy A. Obuchowski, Robert M. Hill, Aaron S. Waitz, J.P. Patten, James D. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
FEASIBILITY OF STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FOR RISK STRATIFICATION AND PROGNOSIS IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS REFERRED FOR BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: Harikrishna J. Makani, Azhar Supariwala, Jonathan Kahan, Matthew Pierce, Dan Halpern, Kana Fujikara, Arpit Shah, Farhan Bajwa, Nay Htyte, Julio Teixeira, Farooq Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)