tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Results of Use of Homografts for Replacement of the Aortic Valve in Man
Authors: TAMMO D. HOEKSEMA, JACK L. TITUS, EMILIO R. GIULIANI, JOHN W. KIRKLIN
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The first 50 cases at the Mayo Clinic of insertion of an aortic valvular homograft after excision of the aortic valve are reported. The hospital mortality rate was 6%. An aortic diastolic murmur was noted in 17% of the surviving patients just prior to their dismissal from the hospital. In none was there evidence of hemodynamically significant aortic valvular incompetence. At follow-up examination 3 to 12 months postoperatively, an aortic diastolic murmur was audible in 44% of the traced patients. Only one patient had hemodynamically significant aortic valvular incompetence. The patients were not given anticoagulant therapy, and there were no thromboembolic complications.
Surgical Gastroenterology: Considerations Based on Pathologic Physiology
Authors: Howard F. Raskin
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The preface to this edition states that the purpose of the text is to present to general practitioners, internists, and gastroenterologists the surgical aspects of gastroenterology. The term "surgical gastroenterology" is not exactly clear to a purist, and there is serious doubt as to whether the specialties of gastroenterology and surgery are brought closer together. Specific disease entities of various organs of the gastrointestinal tract are discussed in an atmosphere reminiscent of standard surgical texts, with the exception that much of the technical information has been deleted. Practically all of the major diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and many of the rare ones, are discussed. The pathophysiological coverage is adequate in most instances. The major fault that one finds with this effort is that, for the most part, there is little basic gastroenterology to spice the text. The long-standing differences between gastroenterologists and surgeons regarding the treatment of cardiospasm, peptic
More clinical audits are key to improving quality of care, says NHS audit chief
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The government should increase funding for national clinical audits to improve the quality of care and cost effectiveness in the NHS in England, says Nick Black, chairman of the Department of Health’s National Clinical Audit Advisory Group.

Speaking to the BMJ , Professor Black called on the government to increase funding for national audits, which he said were “absolutely central” to improving the quality of care.

His comments come after the announcement on 15 September of six additional national clinical audits in the NHS’s national clinical audit and patient outcome programme.

Professor …
"Nasty party style" politics rears its head over funding of national care service
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

England’s health secretary, Andy Burnham, is set to meet politicians and other interested parties on Friday 19 February to discuss the future of social care in England, after a heated debate last week ended in his Conservative counterpart refusing to attend unless a key proposal from Labour was dropped.

Eighteen charities, including Carers UK, the Alzheimer’s Society, and Macmillan Cancer Support, signed a letter to the Times on 13 February calling for an end to the “party-political squabbling” that has dominated the debate on social care in the past week (www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/letters/article7025519.ece). They said it was time for a consensus on social care reform that “delivers long-term solutions that will not be reversed by changes in government or in the economic climate.”

Debate about how to fund long term care of elderly people has been smouldering since 1999, when a royal commission recommended that personal care and …
Abstract C43: Prognostic value of hypoxia-associated genes in prostate cancer
Authors: Christian R. Gomez, Stanimir Vuk-Pavlovic, Farhad Kosari, Jan Marie Munz, Claire Schreiber, Gaylord Knutson, Cristine Charlesworth, R. Jeffrey Karnes, John Cheville, George Vasmatzis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Tumor-associated hypoxia has been associated with malignant progression, metastasis and resistance to therapy. We studied the role of oxygen tension (pO2) in modulating the properties of cultured human prostate cancer (CaP) cells. In air, where oxygen tension (pO2) is approximately 20 kPa, cultured CaP cells expressed lower levels of transcripts associated with cancer and urologic disease; reducing pO2 to 2 kPa made these levels comparable to those in surgical CaP specimens suggesting that hypoxically cultured cells, rather than normoxically cultured cells, express genes at levels akin to those in tumor cells in situ. In human primary CaP tissue, transcripts of hypoxia-associated genes DLG7, CCNB1 and HMMR were overexpressed and associated with Gleason score and disease prognosis; this implies the potential prognostic value of these transcripts. While hypoxia affected the CaP cell proteome mostly quantitatively, it did affect expression of tumor–associated antigens and suggested the potential therapeutic relevance of the hypoxic antigenic landscape. Overall, our results suggest that hypoxia modifies cellular properties of cultured CaP cells towards a phenotype more similar to tumor cells in situ. Introduction of pO2 as a variable can constitute a tool for the identification of more effective prognostic biomarkers and development of better therapy for CaP and, possibly, other tumors. Citation Format: Christian R. Gomez, Stanimir Vuk-Pavlovic, Farhad Kosari, Jan Marie Munz, Claire Schreiber, Gaylord Knutson, Cristine Charlesworth, R. Jeffrey Karnes, John Cheville, George Vasmatzis. Prognostic value of hypoxia-associated genes in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C43.
A STUDY OF SERUM SALVARSANIZED IN VITRO
Authors: Homer F. Swift
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

1. Addition of salvarsan to serum in vitro produces a spirocheticidal mixture which is increased in potency by heating. 2. The heated serum of salvarsan-treated patients is more spirocheticidal if it has been in contact with the clot over night than if it has been separated immediately after coagulation. This is not true with the serum from blood which has been salvarsanized in vitro. 3. The addition of salvarsan directly to serum produces a more potent mixture than results from the serum from blood to which salvarsan has been added in equivalent amounts. 4. The increase in activity of salvarsanized serum produced by heating to 56 degrees C. is due in part to the removal of inhibitory substances in the serum and in part to a direct increase in spirocheticidal power in the heated salvarsan. 5. Both salvarsanized and neosalvarsanized serum are rendered more spirocheticidal by heating. 6. A more active spirocheticidal mixture is produced by mixing small amounts of salvarsan with the serum of a salvarsan-treated patient than by mixing the same amount with normal serum.
Phenylketonuria. The in vivo hydroxylation rate of phenylalanine into tyrosine is decreased.
Authors: F J van Spronsen, D J Reijngoud, G P Smit, G T Nagel, F Stellaard, R Berger, H S Heymans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

In phenylketonuria (PKU), the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is deficient, resulting in a decreased conversion of phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine (Tyr). The severity of the disease is expressed as the tolerance for Phe at 5 yr of age. In PKU patients it is assumed that the decreased conversion of Phe into Tyr is directly correlated with the tolerance for Phe. We investigated this correlation by an in vivo stable isotope study. The in vivo residual hydroxylation was quantitated using a primed continuous infusion of L-[ring- 2H5]Phe and L-[1-13C]Tyr and the determination of the isotopic enrichments of L-[ring-2H5]Phe, L-[ring-2H4]Tyr, and L-[1-13C]Tyr in plasma. Previous reports by Thompson and coworkers (Thompson, G.N., and D. Halliday. 1990. J. Clin. Invest. 86:317-322; Thompson, G.N., J.H. Walter, J.V. Leonard, and D. Halliday. 1990. Metabolism. 39:799-807; Treacy, E., J.J. Pitt, K. Seller, G.N. Thompson, S. Ramus, and R.G.H. Cotton. 1996. J. Inherited Metab. Dis. 19:595- 602), applying the same technique, showed normal in vivo hydroxylation rates of Phe in almost all PKU patients. Therefore, our study was divided up in two parts. First, the method was re-evaluated. Second, the correlation between the in vivo hydroxylation of Phe and the tolerance for Phe was tested in seven classical PKU patients. Very low (0.13- 0.95 micromol/kg per hour) and normal (4.11 and 6.33 micromol/kg per hour) conversion rates were found in patients and controls, respectively. Performing the infusion study twice in the same patient and wash-out studies of the labels at the end of the experiment in a patient and control showed that the method is applicable in PKU patients and gives consistent data. No significant correlation was observed between the in vivo hydroxylation rates and the tolerances. The results of this study, therefore, showed that within the group of patients with classical PKU, the tolerance does not depend on the in vivo hydroxylation.
Sickling and Malaria in the Gold Coast
Authors: M. J. Colbourne, G. M. Edington
Journal: BMJ (1956)

The clinical feaitures of thrush napkin rashes are described; yeasts were isolated from 42 out of 47 cases so diagnosed in one year.The condition is common.Of the babies born in an obstetric hospital, 3%0 were known to have been affected by the age of 6 months.Thrush infection should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of napkin rashes.Treatment is described and some aetiological factors are considered.It is emphasized that oral thrush was present in less than one-third of the cases.There was a significantly increased incidence of vaginal thrush in the mothers of babies with thrush napkin rashes.I wish to thank Dr.
Danish government orders closure of transplant centre
Authors: M Dolley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The Danish health ministry has ordered the closure of one of the country's two liver transplant centres. The decision follows a lengthy wrangle about whether the Aarhus unit, where the mortality is twice as high as the European average, should have been created in the first place.

The unit, based in Denmark's second largest hospital, has been the subject of a highly critical evaluation of its performance by an international panel of experts, who said that it could jeopardise the Nordic liver exchange scheme. Now doctors are worried that the publicity surrounding the closure will make people even more reluctant to register as donors.

The survival rate at the Aarhus …
From the authors:
Authors: V.C. Freund-Michel, M.A. Birrell, M.G. Belvisi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Aim: This study analyzed the effect of metastasectomy on overall mortality (OM) and perioperative outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated exclusively with targeted therapy. Materials and Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2006-2015), Kaplan–Meier analyses and multivariable Cox regression models tested for OM. Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2006-2015), complication rates and in-hospital mortality were evaluated. Results: Within the SEER database, 437 (12.2%) out of 3,654 patients underwent metastasectomy. Metastasectomy was associated with lower OM risk (median survival 11 vs. 9 months, hazard ratio=0.83; p=0.002). Within the NIS database, 351 such patients were identified. Complications and in-hospital mortality were 55.0% and 4.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Metastasectomy in patients with mRCC treated exclusively with targeted therapy is associated with lower OM risk, however, based on short duration of expected survival. Complications and in-hospital mortality rates are not negligible.
Increased Plasma Endothelin in NIDDM Patients With Retinopathy
Authors: Makiko Kawamura, Hisako Ohgawara, Mitsuhide Naruse, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Naoko Iwasaki, Kiyoko Naruse, Sadao Hori, Hiroshi Demura, Yasue Omori
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

OBJECTIVE To elucidate the significance of ET in diabetic microvascular disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We determined plasma levels of ir-ET-1 in 25 NIDDM patients without hypertension and/or renal dysfunction. RESULTS The plasma levels of ir-ET-1 in NIDDM patients with simple (n = 8) and proliferative (n = 8) retinopathy were 0.58 ± 0.04 pM and 0.60 ± 0.04 pM, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal, nondiabetic subjects (0.24 ± 0.02 pM [n = 31]) and NIDDM patients without retinopathy (0.30 ± 0.05 pM [n = 9]). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that plasma ET-1 is related to diabetic microvascular disease.
Iron stores are not associated with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: D M Baer, I S Tekawa, L B Hurley
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND This study evaluated the relation between body iron stores and coronary artery disease. It has been suggested that total body iron stores are an independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS AND RESULTS Our study population consisted of 46,932 members of a prepaid health plan who were &gt; or = 30 years old and who received a standard health check between 1969 and 1971. Blood collected during this examination was analyzed for serum iron and total iron-binding capacity. Transferrin saturation (TS), calculated as (serum iron/total iron-binding capacity) x 100, was categorized as low (&lt; or = 10%), normal (11% to 61%), or elevated (&gt; or = 62%). Hospital stays for AMI were identified from the health plan's computerized discharge records for its Northern California Region through December 31, 1991. Mean follow-up time was 14.1 years. During the follow-up period, 969 men and 871 women had an AMI-related hospital stay. Analysis of AMI-related hospital stays was performed overall and by sex. Age-adjusted incidence rates were obtained for each TS level, and proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the significance of TS as a risk factor for AMI, controlling for other known coronary disease risk factors. Our results did not show iron deficiency as defined by low TS to be protective against AMI. Subjects with increased iron stores indicated by TS &gt; or = 62% had a relative risk for AMI of 1.3, which was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our observations do not support the hypothesis that coronary artery disease risk is related to iron stores.
Ultrastructural localization and differentiation of membrane-bound ATP utilizing enzymes including adenyl cyclase in normal and psoriatic epidermis*
Authors: G. MAHRLE, C.E. ORFANOS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

The total membrane-bound ATP hydrolytic activity in human epidermis is due to the activities of at least three differently located enzymes, namely Mg++-activated ATPase, phosphomonoesterase and adenyl cyclase. Cytochemical studies on psoriatic epidermis with various inhibitory and stimulatory substances showed reduced activities of ATPase and phosphomonoesterase, and a lack of sensitivity of adenyl cyclase to specific stimulators such as isoproterenol and glucagon. Since no differences of basal adenyl cyclase activity were observed between normal and psoriatic human skin without stimulation, it seems likely that in psoriasis a latent defect of adenyl cyclase may exist, resulting in a deficient response of this enzyme to regulatory agents. In conclusion, the present study reveals that not a single enzyme but the entire membrane-bound nucleotide metabolism is altered in psoriatic keratinocytes, causing a disturbance of the membrane-bound energy utilization, similar to findings in proliferating tumour cells.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Genome-wide association study of systemic sclerosis identifies CD247 as a new susceptibility locus
Authors: Timothy R D J Radstake, Olga Gorlova, Blanca Rueda, Jose-Ezequiel Martin, Behrooz Z Alizadeh, Rogelio Palomino-Morales, Marieke J Coenen, Madelon C Vonk, Alexandre E Voskuyl, Annemie J Schuerwegh, Jasper C Broen, Piet L C M van Riel, Ruben van 't Slot, Annet Italiaander, Roel A Ophoff, Gabriela Riemekasten, Nico Hunzelmann, Carmen P Simeon, Norberto Ortego-Centeno, Miguel A González-Gay, María F González-Escribano, Paolo Airo, Jaap van Laar, Ariane Herrick, Jane Worthington, Roger Hesselstrand, Vanessa Smith, Filip de Keyser, Fredric Houssiau, Meng May Chee, Rajan Madhok, Paul Shiels, Rene Westhovens, Alexander Kreuter, Hans Kiener, Elfride de Baere, Torsten Witte, Leonid Padykov, Lars Klareskog, Lorenzo Beretta, Rafaella Scorza, Benedicte A Lie, Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold, Patricia Carreira, John Varga, Monique Hinchcliff, Peter K Gregersen, Annette T Lee, Jun Ying, Younghun Han, Shih-Feng Weng, Christopher I Amos, Fredrick M Wigley, Laura Hummers, J Lee Nelson, Sandeep K Agarwal, Shervin Assassi, Pravitt Gourh, Filemon K Tan, Bobby P C Koeleman, Frank C Arnett, Javier Martin, Maureen D Mayes
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Fake Pharmacy Probe
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maximal expiratory flow-volume curves in Londoners aged 60 years and over.
Authors: R W Fowler, R A Pluck, M R Hetzel
Journal: Thorax (1987)

To obtain more accurate information about respiratory function in the elderly, we carried out spirometry and constructed maximum expiratory flow-volume curves in 136 volunteers over the age of 60 years (90 women, 46 men). Significant age related differences were found. Although vital capacity appeared well preserved in all groups, mid expiratory flow rates were low, even in lifelong non-smokers. On the basis of previous work, many of the subjects in this study would have been assessed as having small airways obstruction. The number of subjects is larger than in previous studies of airflow in this age group. Old people have often smoked, and many have a history of cardiovascular disease. Such individuals were included provided that they were fit and active for their age, and had no overt respiratory disease. It is argued that our findings will be of more clinical relevance to the elderly population than values derived either from population studies or studies that have used rigorous selection criteria to exclude subjects who smoked or had a history of non-respiratory disease.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection - cure in one piece
Authors: A. Das
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

With the widespread availability of flexible endoscopes and incorporation of endoscopic screening and surveillance procedures in gastroenterology, a substantial proportion of gastrointestinal cancers are being diagnosed at an early stage. Available data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of the United States National Cancer Institute, suggest that more than 15 % of all esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers are early gastrointestinal cancers, and potential candidates for curative endoscopic resection. The technique of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) initially described in the early 1980s has been gradually accepted for management of superficial gastrointestinal neoplastic lesions. Cumulative experience from large pathological databases suggests that superficial gastrointestinal cancers with favorable histological and morphological attributes have very low risk of lymph nodal metastasis [1] [2] [3]. The original idea that a carefully done EMR, achieving tumor-free lateral and deep margins, should be curative has been borne out by observational longitudinal studies from different centers reporting excellent long-term outcomes in terms of recurrence-free cure rates and overall survival [4] [5] [6] [7]. Different techniques of EMR have been perfected by experts in different centers, mostly in Japan, and over the last decade this procedure has slowly gained acceptance in the western world.
Leukapheresis and cranial irradiation in patients with hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia: No impact on early mortality and intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Ming‐Chih Chang, Tsai‐Yun Chen, Jih‐Luh Tang, Yii‐Jenq Lan, Tsu‐Yi Chao, Chang‐Fang Chiu, Hsin‐Tsung Ho
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

To assess the role of leukapheresis and cranial irradiation in reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and early death in patients with hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the impact of such treatment on survival. This study retrospectively analyzed the records of 75 patients with hyperleukocytic AML who had a white cell count over 100,000/microL. All patients had de novo AML except for two with therapy-related AML. Various factors were assessed for their impact on morbidity and mortality, particularly the role of pre-induction leukapharesis and cranial irradiation. The most significant risk factors for ICH were the presence of two or more symptoms of leukostasis (odds ratios [OR] 10.6, 95% CI: 2.67-42.02; P = 0.001) and respiratory distress (OR 5.41, 95% CI: 1.44-20.32, P = 0.012). The most significant risk factors for early death were age >or= 65 (OR 4.21, 95% CI: 1.45-12.21, P = 0.008), respiratory failure (OR 3.34, 95% CI: 1.24-9.50, P = 0.018), and two or more symptoms (OR 3.50 95% CI: 1.16-10.52, P = 0.026). Neither leukapheresis nor cranial irradiation were significantly associated with a decreased incidence of ICH (P = 0.349 and 0.378, respectively). Leukapheresis had no significant influence on early death (P = 0.367). The median survival patients receiving no pretreatment was 10.50 months (range 2.58-18.42) and for those receiving pretreatment 1.50 months (range 0.10-3.16; log-rank test, P = 0.062). Leukapheresis and cranial irradiation do not improve survival or decrease the incidence of ICH in adults with hyperleukocytic AML.