tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dehydroepiandrosterone upregulates soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits hypoxic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: M OKA, V KAROOR, N HOMMA, T NAGAOKA, E SAKAO, S GOLEMBESKI, J LIMBIRD, M IMAMURA, S GEBB, K FAGAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

It has been reported that dehydroepiandrosterone is a pulmonary vasodilator and inhibits chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Additionally, dehydroepiandrosterone has been shown to improve systemic vascular endothelial function. Thus, we hypothesized that chronic treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone would attenuate hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by enhancing pulmonary artery endothelial function.Rats were randomly assigned to five groups. Three groups received food containing 0, 0.3, or 1% dehydroepiandrosterone during a 3-wk-exposure to simulated high altitude (HA). The other 2 groups were kept at Denver's low altitude (LA) and received food containing 0 or 1% dehydroepiandrosterone. Dehydroepiandrosterone dose-dependently inhibited hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressures after treatment with 0, 0.3, and 1% dehydroepiandrosterone=45+/-5, 33+/-2*, and 25+/-1*# mmHg, respectively. *P<0.05 vs. 0% and # vs. 0.3%). Dehydroepiandrosterone (1%, 3 wks) treatment started after rats had been exposed to 3-wk hypoxia also effectively reversed established hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary artery rings isolated from both LA and HA rats treated with 1% dehydroepiandrosterone showed enhanced relaxations to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, but not to 8-bromo-cGMP. In the pulmonary artery tissue from dehydroepiandrosterone-treated LA and HA rats, soluble guanylate cyclase, but not endothelial nitric oxide synthase, protein levels were increased.These results indicate that the protective effect of dehydroepiandrosterone against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension may involve upregulation of pulmonary artery soluble guanylate cyclase protein expression and augmented pulmonary artery vasodilator responsiveness to nitric oxide.
Extracellular Potentials Related to Intracellular Action Potentials in the Dog Purkinje System
Authors: MADISON S. SPACH, ROGER C. BARR, GERALD A. SERWER, J. Mailen KOOTSEY, EDWARD A. JOHNSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Simultaneous extracellular and intracellular recordings of normal action potentials, action potentials initiated at a time when the membrane was partially depolarized (by premature beats or elevated extracellular potassium), and action potentials at reduced temperature were made for Purkinje strands from the left ventricle of the dog with a 50µ tungsten extracellur electrode and a special guarded intracellular microelectrode. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the extracellular wave form was proportional to the maximum rate of rise of the intracellular action potential, and the duration of the extracellular wave form was proportional of the duration of the upstroke of the intracellular potential. Wave forms of extracellular potentials were computed from the recorded intracellular potentials with an equation which included the effects of membrane currents away from the point of observation. The computed wave forms accurately reproduced the recorded extracellular wave forms in all cases, and the wave forms were not directly porportional to the second spatial derivative or the second temporal derivative of the intracellular potential. Extracellular potentials are shown to be directly related to the spatial distribution of the intracellular potential and as such are a sensitive index of propagation and a source of information of the kind previously thought to be obtainable only with an intracllular electrode.
Challenges and Priorities for Research
Authors: Brian W. McCrindle, Jennifer S. Li, Cedric Manlhiot, James S. Tweddell, Therese M. Giglia, M. Patricia Massicotte, Paul Monagle, Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Alan D. Michelson, Nicole Verdun, Christopher S. Almond, Jane W. Newburger, Leonardo R. Brandão, Charles T. Esmon, Marilyn J. Manco-Johnson, Rebecca Ichord, Thomas L. Ortel, Anthony K. Chan, Ron Portman, Martin Rose, John Strony, Jonathan R. Kaltman
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Emigration Leper Laws for America.
Authors: Albert S. Ashmead
Journal: JAMA (1899)

visits to all the hospitals of note, and have spent the mornings in one or other of the greater clinics.The Paris doctor has very comfortable hours for work, at least at this season.He is busy in the clinics from 9 or 10 a.m.till noon, and free for the rest of the day.Then he is very exclusive in his mode of life.I should say, rather, seclusion, since I refer only to his manner of advertising and announcing himself to his patients.It is only the "little doctors," they tell me, who allow themselves the publicity of a sign at the door.There must be very few who are willing to be placed in this class, for I have seen a physi¬ cian's sign-small and inconspicuous at that-in very rare in¬ stances.This fashion has its disadvantages.You are often obliged to hunt your doctor in a large apartment building where the doors are all alike-no name-plate on any-and you may ring several bells before you find the right one.However, custom is a severe master, and I suppose it is difficult to cut the first string ->f ethical red tape.The professor sits while lecturing, which makes the hour
6 8Ga-Dotatate Avid Medullary Thyroid Cancer With Occult Liver Metastases
Authors: Brett Donald Sounness, Geoffrey Paul Schembri
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 50-year-old male patient with a history of medullary thyroid cancer and extensive previous investigation including FDG PET 18 months earlier presented for a 68Ga-dotatate scan. A single area of abnormal uptake was identified in the right ninth rib. An MRI scan and bone scan confirmed the bony metastasis; however, the MRI of the liver demonstrated multiple liver metastases not apparent on the PET study. These remained occult despite coregistration of the MRI and PET data. The occult nature of these lesions may have been due to a similar degree of uptake in the liver and metastases.
A FLUOROSCOPIC SIGN OF A PARTIALLY ADHERENT PERICARDIUM
Authors: Nicholas Lukin
Journal: JAMA (1923)

During a fluoroscopic examination at the Bronx Hospital of the chest of a colleague, who about nine months previously had suffered from a serofibrinous pericarditis from which he had apparently completely recovered, I observed a rhythmic tug of a part of the left dome of the diaphragm near its center with each systole of the heart when the diaphragm was fixed in an inspiratory pause. This tug I interpreted as a sign of a pericardial symphysis, even when present only to a slight extent, because no other evidence of an adherent pericardium was present in that case. This sign is elicited during an inspiratory pause because "the fibrous pericardial sac is inserted over the dome of the diaphragm and adheres closely to the phrenic center. It gives only an inappreciable fluoroscopic shadow above the left portion of the diaphragm. This shadow disappears entirely in forced inspiration, the heart being then
The −675 4G/5G plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 promoter polymorphism in house dust mite‐sensitive allergic asthma patients
Authors: A. Pampuch, K. Kowal, A. Bodzenta‐Lukaszyk, A. Di Castelnuovo, L. Chyczewski, M. B. Donati, L. Iacoviello
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 plays an important role in inflammation and tissue remodeling. Recently, the -675 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism has been linked with asthma.This study was undertaken to evaluate associations of the -675 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism with functional and immunologic parameters of newly diagnosed house dust mite-sensitive allergic asthmatics (HDM-AAs).This study was performed in 127 HDM-AAs, who responded with at least 20% fall of forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV(1)) to a bronchial challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen and during the follow up observation fulfilled GINA criteria for mild-moderate asthma. About 89 healthy control nonatopic subjects (HCs) were used as controls.The frequency of 4G allele was greater in HDM-AAs (0.69; 95% CI: 0.62-0.76) than in HCs (0.55; 95% CI: 0.48-0.62; P = 0.0034). The PAI-1 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of HDM-AA; adjusted for sex and age odds ratio was 2.62; (95% CI: 1.16-5.92) for 4G/5G genotype and 3.48 (95% CI: 1.54-7.89) for 4G/4G genotype compared with 5G/5G genotype. Total serum immunoglobulin E (tsIgE) level in 4G/4G homozygotes (557 +/- 343 kU/l) was significantly greater than in 5G/5G homozygotes (241 +/- 288 kU/l; P < 0.001). Both nonspecific and allergen-specific bronchial reactivities were greater in 4G/4G homozygotes than in 5G/5G homozygotes. 4G/4G genotype was associated with significantly higher morning plasma PAI-1 concentration in HDM-AAs and HCs. Morning plasma PAI-1 concentration correlated significantly with log(PC20) (r = -0.39; P = 0.0001) and with log(tsIgE) (r = 0.247; P = 0.0117).These results support the hypothesis linking the 4G/4G PAI-1 genotype with an increased risk of allergic asthma, bronchial hyperreactivity, and increased tsIgE levels.
Quality of Life in Adults with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gary Rodin
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

Conventional measures of psychiatric or medical morbidity do not adequately reflect the consequences of chronic illness. Quality of life refers to a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of illness. Uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes is usually associated with mild reported reduction in quality of life. Increased depressive and anxiety disorders have been reported in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, particularly in association with more severe medical complications and low social support. The potential benefits of intensive treatment approaches must be weighed against adverse effects on the quality of life.
A digital three-dimensional color doppler velocity reconstruction study of the relationship between orifice shape and flow convergence geometry: in vitro experiments
Authors: X.-N. Li, T. Shiota, Y.S.P.Bong Park, B. Munt, S. Wanitkin, R.W. Martin, D.J. Sahn, G.A. Schwartz, C.M. Otto, F.H. Sheehan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Gut inflammation and indoleamine deoxygenase inhibit IL-17 production and promote cytotoxic potential in NKp44+ mucosal NK cells during SIV infection
Authors: R. Keith Reeves, Premeela A. Rajakumar, Tristan I. Evans, Michelle Connole, Jacqueline Gillis, Fay E. Wong, Yury V. Kuzmichev, Angela Carville, R. Paul Johnson
Journal: Blood (2011)
von Willebrand factor in upper gastrointestinal tract inflammation.
Authors: A D Blann
Journal: Gut (1993)

Nasal oxygen during endoscopy EDITOR, -Recently, the possible value of nasal oxygen in endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography was studied by Haines and colleagues (Gut 1992; 33: 973-5).They found, not unexpectedly, that arterial oxygen satu- ration was increased during oxygen treatment, but the effect of oxygen treatment on heart rate was not significant.'They concluded, on the basis of the measured values for arterial oxygen saturation that nasal oxygen should be routinely used in patients over the age of 60 undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP),' thus supporting the guidelines
Cinefluorographic Studies of the Extracranial Cerebral Circulation
Authors: ROBERT E. WHALEN, ALBERT HEYMAN, HENRY D. MCINTOSH
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Selective retrograde femoral catheterization with cinefluorographic visualization of the major extracranial cerebral vessels has been carried out in 35 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Examples of partial and complete arterial occlusion have been illustrated. Selective retrograde catheterization avoids the hazards associated with the percutaneous injection of the arteries supplying the brain. Cinefluorography has demonstrated alterations in flow associated with occlusive disease and physiologic maneuvers. Although the combination of selective catheterization and cinefluorographic visualization of the extracranial cerebral circulation has certain limitations, it has proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool.
Physicians have been involved
Authors: A. Seltzer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In 2007 I was invited to examine the detainee log of an inmate of Guantanamo to provide a medical opinion on whether the treatment amounted to torture.1 It has now been concluded that it did.2

My scrutiny found that medical staff not only were present during the interrogation but also made no attempt to intervene to stop it. A military …
RAE1 Ligands for the NKG2D Receptor Are Regulated by STING-Dependent DNA Sensor Pathways in Lymphoma
Authors: Adeline R. Lam, Nina Le Bert, Samantha S.W. Ho, Yu J. Shen, Melissa L.F. Tang, Gordon M. Xiong, J. Ludovic Croxford, Christine X. Koo, Ken J. Ishii, Shizuo Akira, David H. Raulet, Stephan Gasser
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

The immunoreceptor NKG2D originally identified in natural killer (NK) cells recognizes ligands that are upregulated on tumor cells. Expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL) is induced by the DNA damage response (DDR), which is often activated constitutively in cancer cells, revealing them to NK cells as a mechanism of immunosurveillance. Here, we report that the induction of retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAE1) ligands for NKG2D by the DDR relies on a STING-dependent DNA sensor pathway involving the effector molecules TBK1 and IRF3. Cytosolic DNA was detected in lymphoma cell lines that express RAE1 and its occurrence required activation of the DDR. Transfection of DNA into ligand-negative cells was sufficient to induce RAE1 expression. Irf3(+/-);Eμ-Myc mice expressed lower levels of RAE1 on tumor cells and showed a reduced survival rate compared with Irf3(+/+);Eμ-Myc mice. Taken together, our results suggest that genomic damage in tumor cells leads to activation of STING-dependent DNA sensor pathways, thereby activating RAE1 and enabling tumor immunosurveillance.
G-protein coupled receptors, nitric oxide, and the IgE receptor in asthma.
Authors: S B Liggett, R Levi, H Metzger
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"G-protein coupled receptors, nitric oxide, and the IgE receptor in asthma.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 152(1), pp. 394–402
Beyond prejudice: Relational inequality, collective action, and social change revisited
Authors: John Dixon, Mark Levine, Steve Reicher, Kevin Durrheim
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract This response clarifies, qualifies, and develops our critique of the limits of intergroup liking as a means of challenging intergroup inequality. It does not dispute that dominant groups may espouse negative attitudes towards subordinate groups. Nor does it dispute that prejudice reduction can be an effective way of tackling resulting forms of intergroup hostility. What it does dispute is the assumption that getting dominant group members and subordinate group members to like each other more is the best way of improving intergroup relations that are characterized by relatively stable, institutionally embedded, relations of inequality. In other words, the main target of our critique is the model of change that underlies prejudice reduction interventions and the mainstream concept of “prejudice” on which they are based.
Russia faces demographic crisis
Authors: M. Ingram
Journal: BMJ (1996)

This brief news article discusses the severe imbalance between births and deaths in Russia since 1990. In the first 6 months of 1996 there were twice as many deaths as births. In Moscow, between January and July 1996, there were 34,356 births and 66,586 deaths. The imbalance began in 1990, when the birth rate was 10.5/1000 and the death rate was 12.8/1000. By 1992 the gap widened to 7.7 births/1000 and 13.7 deaths/1000. The decline in population replacement is likely to affect care of and support for the elderly. Russia's elected council took action by changing the labor code to prohibit women from working in industries that are considered harmful to women's reproductive capability and health: heavy manual labor as builders, crane operators, and tunnel workers. A sociologist at Moscow State University posits that when people live with uncertainty and in poor conditions they stop having babies. Social science research affirms that post-communist instability and uncertainty about the future are deterrents to young couples having children. Russia is following Europe's demographic patterns, but has the singular combination of a very low birth rate and a very high death rate.
Thymidylate Synthase in Nodal Metastases: Prognostic for Chemosensitivity But Not for Adjuvant Therapy?
Authors: James D. Ahlgren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

showed significant reduction of survival in patients with high TS, including both patients with advanced disease and patients with local disease. In patients with advanced disease, the hazard ratio (HR) for high TS was greater (HR2.39;95%CI,1.43to4.01)whenTSwasmeasuredin metastasesthanwhenitwasmeasuredintheprimarytumor (HR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.66). For localized disease, patients with high TS also had poorer overall survival (pooled HR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.80). Inthisissue,Ohrlingetal 7 haveaddressedtheprognos- tic value of TS level in nodal metastases from colorectal cancer by means of a retrospective analysis of a large data- base from several Scandinavian adjuvant trials. This study extends the earlier work of these authors in which they examined the prognostic significance of TS level in primary colorectal cancer. 8 The level of TS expression in lymph nodes(LNs)didprovideadditionalprognosticinformation beyond that provided by TS expression in the primary tu- mor. In the population of 348 patients with stage III colo- rectal cancer from whom archived tumor was available, higher TS expression in LNs predicted poorer prognosis both for disease-free survival (DFS) (P.04) and overall survival(OS)(P.02).EvenwhentheTSlevelintheprimary tumorwaslow,higherTSlevelsintheLNsprovidedadditional prognostic information. Expression of TS was different be- tween the primary tumor and LNs in 28% of patients. Among the 92 patients with low TS expression in the primary tumor, those with a high TS level in the LNs had significantly poorer cancer-specific survival (P.02). It is only in the subgroup analysis of patients receiving or not receiving adjuvant fluorouracil (FU) -based chemo- therapy that anomalies arise. Here, LN TS level continued to predict survival in the patients who did not receive adju- vant therapy (DFS,P.03; OS,P.04). However, among the patients who received FU-based chemotherapy, the prognostic value of LN TS level failed to reach statistical significance (DFS, P.2; OS, P.5). This result is not in agreement with what might be expected based on our cur- rent understanding of the influence of TS level on chemo- sensitivity to FU. Elevated levels of TS have been demonstrated in colon cancer cells with both de novo 9 and acquired 10 resistance to FU, and lower intratumoral TS level predicted both improved response (P.001) and survival (P.02) in patients in one study in metastatic colorectal cancer who were treated with FU-based chemo- therapy. 11 If lower TS levels predict improved response to
Task force V: The Impact of current health policy trends on adult cardiology
Authors: Anthony N. DeMaria, James F. Rodgers, David B. Carmichael, Ray L. Casterline, Harry L. Metcalf, Barbara Packard, Donald E. Saunders, William B. Stason, John H.K. Vogel, Sylvan Lee Weinberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Histologic classification of glomerular diseases: clinicopathologic correlations, limitations exposed by validation studies, and suggestions for modification
Authors: Mark Haas, Maria P. Rastaldi, Fernando C. Fervenza
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

The value of classification systems applied to the examination of renal biopsies is based on several factors: first, on the ability to provide efficient communication between pathologists and between pathologists and clinicians; second, on the possibility to implement diagnostic information with prognostic indication. Even more important, the practical value of a classification is proved by the ability of providing elements that guide therapeutic decisions and can be used in the follow-up of the patient. With these aims, new histologic classification systems have been proposed in the last decade for lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy under the leadership of the Renal Pathology Society and the International Society of Nephrology. These classifications have gained a significant level of worldwide acceptance and have been the subject of multiple single-center and multicenter validation studies, which have underpinned their clinical benefits and limitations and served to highlight remaining questions and difficulties of interpretation of the biopsy sample. More recently, a classification system has also been proposed for ANCA-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN), although the validation process for this is still in an early stage. In this review, we examine in some detail the ISN/RPS classification for lupus nephritis and the Oxford classification for IgA nephropathy, with emphasis on clinicopathologic correlations, their value for and evolving impact on clinical studies and clinical practice, and their significant limitations in this regard as exposed by validation studies. We also suggest possible ways by which these classifications might be modified to make them more applicable to clinical practice. Finally, we more briefly discuss the newly proposed classification for ANCA-GN.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Multivalent Group A Streptococcal Vaccine in Healthy Adults
Authors: Karen L. Kotloff, Mary Corretti, Kathleen Palmer, James D. Campbell, Mark A. Reddish, Mary C. Hu, Steven S. Wasserman, James B. Dale
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextGroup A streptococcal infections and their sequelae represent a global health problem. Recent advances have allowed previous obstacles associated with group A streptococcal vaccine development to be overcome.ObjectiveTo preliminarily evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of ascending doses of a recombinant fusion peptide group A streptococcal vaccine containing N-terminal M protein fragments from serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6, 19, and 24 in healthy volunteers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn open-label, uncontrolled, dose-ascending phase 1 vaccine trial of 28 healthy adult volunteers aged 18 to 50 years recruited from the metropolitan area of Baltimore, Md, between October 5, 1999, and February 26, 2003, using newspaper advertisements and posted fliers, and evaluated in the outpatient facility of the Center for Vaccine Development.InterventionsEach volunteer received 3 spaced intramuscular injections of 50 µg (n = 8), 100 µg (n = 10), or 200 µg (n = 10) of hexavalent group A streptococcal vaccine formulated with aluminum hydroxide into the deltoid muscle of alternating arms.Main Outcome MeasuresAssessments of clinical safety, including elicitation of antibodies that cross-react with host tissues, and immunogenicity as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and assays of opsonophagocytic- and bactericidal-antibody responses.ResultsOne year of intensive follow-up revealed the vaccine to be well tolerated. There was no evidence of tissue cross-reactive antibodies or immunological complications. At the highest (200 µg) dose, vaccination elicited significant increases in geometric mean antibody levels to all 6 component M antigens by ELISA (all P<.01) and to 5 of 6 M types in the opsonophagocytosis assay (all P<.05). In addition, postvaccination increases in serum bactericidal activity of at least 30% were observed in 31 (55%) of 56 assays.ConclusionThese results provide the first evidence in humans that a hybrid fusion protein is a feasible strategy for evoking type-specific opsonic antibodies against multiple serotypes of group A streptococcus without eliciting antibodies that cross-react with host tissues, which represents a critical step in the development of a vaccine.