tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunochemical heterogeneity of calcitonin in plasma of patients with medullary thryoid carcinoma.
Authors: G W Sizemore, H Hpeath, J M Larson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Marked discrepancies (values up to four times higher in on assay than in the other) were observed when the plasma concentration of immunoreactive human calcitonin (iCT) was measured by two radioimm8noassays in 18 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. The two antisera used had different binding affinities for the NH2- and COOH-terminal regions of synthetic calcitonin monomer (CT-1-32). Except for this difference, the assays were identical and reacted equally with CT 1-32. Plasma samples from patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma were gel filtered on columns of Bio-Gel P-150, and the immunoreactivity in column effuent fractions was measured with both assays. The one utilizing the antiserum with prominent NH2-terminal binding affinity (and giving higher iCT values) recognized at least five molecular species that eluted with or before CT 1-32. The other assay, utilizing the antiserum with a COOH-terminal binding affinity, recognized two fo these molecular species-one eluting with CT 1-32 and the other in a position consistent with a dimer. A mixture of athreotic asthma and added CT 1-32 contained a single immunologic species that was recoqnized equally by both antisera. No forms smaller than CT 1-32 were detected in any study. The results suggest that iCT circulating in the plasma of patients with medullary thryoid carcinoma is hetergeneous. The absolute iCT concentration measured by radioimmunoassays depends on recognition of these distinct molecular species as well as on the specific binding affinities of the antiserum used to detect them. These observations may partially explain the variations among iCT values reported by different laboratories.
Changing blood into liver: Adding further intrigue to the hepatic stem cell story
Authors: Alastair J. Strain
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Bone marrow stem cells develop into hematopoietic and mesenchymal lineages but have not been known to participate in production of hepatocytes, biliary cells, or oval cells during liver regeneration. Cross-sex or cross-stain bone marrow and whole liver transplantation were used to trace the origin of the repopulating liver cells. Transplanted rats were treated with 2-acetylaminofluorene, to block hepatocyte proliferation, and then hepatic injury, to induce oval cell proliferation. Markers for Y chromosome, dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme, and L21-6 antigen were used to identify liver cells of bone marrow origin. From these cells, a proportion of the regenerated hepatic cells were shown to be donor-derived. Thus, a stem cell associated with the bone marrow has epithelial cell lineage capability.
Abstract 4757: Design and optimization of linked nucleic acid (LNA) probes to detect the c-MYC G-quadruplex
Authors: Vanessa C. Gaerig, Xi Jin, Tahmineh Tabrizian, Forest L. Danford, Tracy A. Brooks
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The c-MYC oncogene is upregulated in almost 80% of cancers, and in some cases is the causative oncogenic factor. It is regulated at the transcriptional level with up to 90% initiating at the P1 and P2 promoters. The NHE III1 element regulates this region, which consists of a unique guanine-rich string of DNA capable of adopting at least three topologies: single stranded, double stranded (ds) and the non-B-DNA G-quadruplex (G4) structure. G4s are formed when two or more tetrads stack, each comprised of four guanines bonded by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds, stabilized with monovalent cations. Putative G4 forming regions have at least four runs of three or more consecutive guanines separated by varying nucleotides that comprise the loop structures. The c-MYC G4 structure has been elucidated to involve guanine runs 1α4 (G41-4) or 2Δ5 (G42-5) (of six total runs) in a parallel formation. Regulatory proteins have been identified, and small molecule compounds are under investigation to stabilize the G4 element and downregulate c-MYC expression. In parallel to these efforts, we are developing linked nucleic acid (LNA)-biotin bridge probes to be used as diagnostic tools to identify these formations in biopsies in order to inform therapeutic regimens. Molecular models of the two G4 isoforms were used to determine the distance occupied by the secondary structure to be between 16.4α16.6 angstroms; various length nucleic acid sequences flanking a 17.7α30 angstrom linker were screened and optimized. Probes were shown to be structure specific - either for the c-MYC G41-4 (probe 1a) or the G42-5 (probe 1b) - by EMSA analysis. The probes were amenable to internal biotinylation for ongoing pull-down assays, but truncation of the 5′-complementary sequence limited affinity. Interestingly, the LNA probes thermally stabilized the c-MYC G4 in a unique pattern and are also being examined for their potential therapeutic efficacy. Experiments are underway to show that these hybrid probes will bind intracellularly and show the frequency of G4 formation in quiescent versus activated cells, and following treatment with c-MYC G4-interactive compounds. Through these works, we highlight for the first time that a ‘FISH’-type probe can be developed and used to selectively detect the formation of the c-MYC G4 in vitro. Up to 80% cancer patients overexpress c-MYC and are candidates for G4-targeted therapies currently under development. The developed probes will be of great utility as companion diagnostics in selecting patients for G4-therapeutics and truly personalized medicine. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4757. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4757
A Multimethod Quality Improvement Intervention To Improve Preventive Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Steven Ornstein, Ruth G. Jenkins, Paul J. Nietert, Chris Feifer, Loraine F. Roylance, Lynne Nemeth, Sarah Corley, Lori Dickerson, W. David Bradford, Cara Litvin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Research is needed to validate effective and practical strategies for improving the provision of evidence-based medicine in primary care. Objective: To determine whether a multimethod quality improvement intervention was more effective than a less intensive intervention for improving adherence to 21 quality indicators for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Design: 2-year randomized, controlled clinical trial with the practice as the unit of randomization. Setting: 20 community-based family or general internal medicine practices in 14 states. All used the same electronic medical record. Participants: 44 physicians, 17 midlevel providers, and approximately 200 staff members; data from the electronic medical records of 87 291 patients. Interventions: All practices received copies of practice guidelines and quarterly performance reports. Intervention practices also hosted quarterly site visits to help them adopt quality improvement approaches and participated in 2 network meetings to share "best practice" approaches. Measurements: The percentage of indicators at or above predefined targets and the percentage of patients who had achieved each clinical indicator. Results: Intervention practices improved 22.4 percentage points (from 11.3% to 33.7%) in the percentage of indicators at or above the target; control practices improved 16.4 percentage points (from 6.3% to 22.7%). The 6.0–percentage point absolute difference between the intervention and control group was not statistically significant (P > 0.2). Patients in intervention practices had greater improvements than those in control practices for diagnoses of hypertension (improvement difference, 15.7 percentage points [95% CI, 5.2 to 26.3 percentage points]) and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension (improvement difference, 8.0 percentage points [CI, 0.0 to 16.0 percentage points]). Limitations: The study involved a small number of practices and lacked a pure control group. Conclusions: Primary care practices that use electronic medical records and receive regular performance reports can improve their adherence to clinical practice guidelines for cardiovascular disease and stroke prevention.
mGluR5 regulated proliferation of neural stem cells after hypoxia with activation of MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Lingyu Zhao, Qian Jiao, Xinlin Chen, Pengbo Yang, Bingqiao Zhao, Ping Zheng, Yong Liu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

In this study, we investigated the effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) on NSC proliferation under hypoxia by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, diameter measurement of neurospheres, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis. The cell death of NSCs was evaluated by terminal dUTP nickend labeling (TUNEL) assay and Hoechst staining. The expression of cyclin D1 and the activation of mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway were analyzed by immunoblotting assay. Results The results showed that hypoxia promoted the mGluR5 expression on NSCs. Under hypoxia, mGluR5 agonist DHPG and CHPG significantly increased NSC proliferation in cell activity, diameter of neurospheres, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and cell division, and expression of cyclin D1 with decreasing of cell death. mGluR5 siRNA and antagonist MPEP decreased the NSC proliferation and expression of cyclin D1 with increasing of cell death. Phosphorylated JNK and ERK increased with the proliferation of NSCs after mGluR5 agonist DHPG and CHPG treatment under hypoxia, while p-p38 level decreased. Conclusions These results demonstrated that the expression of mGluR5 was upregulated during the proliferation of NSCs stimulated by hypoxia in vitro. The activation of ERK and JNK signaling pathway and the expression of cyclin D1 were increased in the process. These finding suggesting the involvement of mGluR5 in NSC proliferation and providing a target molecule in neural repair after ischemia/hypoxia injury of CNS.
A Unique Presentation of Appendicitis: F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Stacey G. Koff, Joseph R. Sterbis, Jonathan M. Davison, Jaime L. Montilla-Soler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A 27-year-old white man was diagnosed with a testicular, metastatic germ cell tumor. The patient was evaluated with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and coregistered computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) as well as a contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) of the abdomen and pelvis. Serologic tests were performed. At laparoscopic appendectomy, findings were consistent with acute suppurative appendicitis. This case exemplifies the relevance of incidental findings detected on FDG PET/CT.
Tuberculosis of the Genito-Urinary Organs, Male and Female.
Authors: Nicholas Senn
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mild cervical dysplasia often reverts to normal
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Cervical smears which are mildly to moderately dysplastic are more likely to revert to normal than to progress to cancer, according to a new study (Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1999;91:252-8).Women with findings classed as mildly dysplastic are often referred for immediate colposcopy and biopsy.This latest research may lead to less rigorous follow up tests for women whose cervical smears are only mildly dysplastic.University of Toronto researchers led by Phillipa Holowaty reviewed the records of 17 946 women who were diagnosed with mild, moderate, or severe cervical dysplasia between 1970 and 1980.Progression to
Association of cold weather with testicular torsion.
Authors: R B Shukla, D G Kelly, L Daly, E J Guiney
Journal: BMJ (1982)

A retrospective study of 46 patients who presented with proved testicular torsion over five years at two Dublin hospitals showed that in 40 cases torsion had occurred when the temperature was under 2 degrees C; the incidence of torsion was higher during the cold months of the year. Both of these findings were statistically significant. These and other results suggest that the ambient temperature may have some role in the incidence and aetiology of testicular torsion.
Acute Oxaliplatin-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Case Report and Results From a Cytoflourimetric Assay of Platelet Fibrinogen Receptor
Authors: Alessandro Lucchesi, Silvia Carloni, Delia Cangini, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Andrea Casadei Gardini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
Breakfast and Crohn's disease
Authors: Z B Tabara
Journal: BMJ (1977)

sites must be affected by some secondary mechanism (for example, allergy) it is likely that the intestinal lesions are of like origin rather than simple irritation.It is not easy to date onset.Cases observed in depth show symptoms in childhood which in retrospect can be ascribed to Crohn's disease.Thus it could well be that patients with "preclinical" Crohn's disease find cornflakes more acceptable than other cereals.Likewise, the cornflake hypothesis does not account for cases in my knowledge with florid features before the introduction (about 1920) of cornflakes.I would rather put my money on refined sugar-though in my observation alcohol can provoke acute exacerbations.
Magnification endoscopy for diagnosis of nonerosive reflux disease: a proposal of diagnostic criteria and critical analysis of observer variability
Authors: A. Edebo, W. Tam, M. Bruno, A.-M. Van Berkel, C. Jönson, M. Schoeman, G. Tytgat, J. Dent, L. Lundell
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Background and study aims: This study tested the diagnostic value of high-resolution endoscopy for the recognition of subtle diagnostic esophageal mucosal changes in nonerosive reflux disease.
Stressed whites especially prone to 'trench mouth,' study finds
Authors: Elizabeth Rasche González
Journal: JAMA (1983)

An attack of "trench mouth," or acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), has been associated with emotional disorders and high levels of psychosocial stress for some time. Now a new study not only pinpoints some of the resulting immunologic and endocrine dysfunctions but shows, rather surprisingly, that the condition affects many more whites than blacks. One hundred ANUG patients referred to the periodontal clinic were the volunteer subjects of a three-year study carried out by Ronald B. Cogen, DDS, PhD, associate professor of dentistry, University of Alabama School of Dentistry, Birmingham, and coinvestigators Alvin W. Stevens, Jr, DMD, associate professor of dentistry, and Steven A. Cohen-Cole, MD, associate professor of psychiatry at the university's medical school. Like ANUG patients in general, these patients were relatively young, ranging in age from 14 to 35 years with a mean of 23.9 years. Males constituted 40% of the group. In contrast to the general
Role of Antioxidant-1 in Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Function and Expression
Authors: Viktoria Jeney, Shinichi Itoh, Maria Wendt, Quinton Gradek, Masuko Ushio-Fukai, David G. Harrison, Tohru Fukai
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD or SOD3) is a copper-containing enzyme which is highly expressed in the vasculature. Copper-containing enzymes require copper chaperones for their activity however the chaperone which delivers copper to SOD3 has not previously been defined. Atox1 is a copper chaperone proposed to deliver copper to the trans-Golgi network. Because SOD3 is secreted via the trans-Golgi network, we sought to determine whether Atox1 acts as a copper chaperone for SOD3. Using recombinant human SOD3, we found that the specific activity of SOD3 directly correlates with its copper content (R2=0.99). SOD3 specific activity in the conditioned medium from cultured Atox1-/- fibroblasts was markedly decreased, but could be recovered to that of wild-type cells by copper addition. These results indicated that Atox1 is required for delivering copper to SOD3 for its full activity. Unexpectedly, the protein and mRNA levels of SOD3 were dramatically decreased in cultured Atox1-/- fibroblasts. This was associated with a marked decrease in SOD3 transcription rate but no change in SOD3 mRNA stability. Overexpression of Atox1 markedly increased SOD3 mRNA in both Atox1-/- and Atox1+/+ cells. These findings indicate that Atox1 positively regulates SOD3 transcription. Because SOD3 protein is upregulated in atherosclerotic vessels, we examined expression of Atox1 in vessels from ApoE-/- mice. Western and immunohistochemical analysis in ApoE-/- mice revealed that both Atox1 and SOD3 protein levels are markedly increased in atherosclerotic intimal lesions. In summary, Atox1 functions not only as a copper chaperone for SOD3 but also as a positive regulator for SOD3 transcription and may have an important role in modulating oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system.
Decibels and Utilization Review
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A number of recent reports serve to confirm earlier suspicions that sinister forces are undermining the precepts of Osier and his disciples and that a malignant proliferation of transistor radios and television sets is infiltrating every aspect of the modern hospital.<sup>1-4</sup>On open wards six different television stations usually blare in unison, drowning out not only the diastolic murmur but also the anamnesis. In semiprivate rooms the patient in the next bed is invariably a rock-and-roll addict. To this must be added the shouting in the corridors, the rattling of breakfast trays, the squeaking of medicine carts, the buzzing of machines, the hissing of monitors, and the banging of hospital doors. Against this conspiracy of nonsilence even science is powerless. It can do no more than demonstrate that noise damages the hearing of adolescents listening to pop music,<sup>5</sup>of infants in premature nurseries, and of children in intensive
What Can Tillery Tell Hillary? Tiny Town Reforms Its Own Health Care
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE OBSCURE, unincorporated rural hamlet of Tillery, NC, virtually ignored by the traditional health care delivery system, has put itself on the cutting edge of health care reform. The effort can be traced to 1978 when residents successfully organized to save a local school. That done, they looked around to see what else they could do for their community of just under 1000 people, many of them poor, African American, elderly, or single parents. The result today is a model comprehensive health program emphasizing prevention, individual responsibility, and empowerment that won Tillery the 1993 Healthier Communities Award, an international competition sponsored by the Healthcare Forum of San Francisco, Calif, and Marion Merrell Dow Inc. "Tillery typifies the many rural crossroads communities in eastern North Carolina in which poverty, high unemployment, persistent racial inequities, and isolation create a very visible atmosphere of apathy and hopelessness," wrote residents in applying for the
Tumor rejection by the poliovirus receptor family ligands of the DNAM-1 (CD226) receptor
Authors: Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka, Kazuko Shibuya, Hirayasu Kai, Akitomo Miyamoto, Yoshihiro Morikawa, Nobuhiro Ohkochi, Shin-ichiro Honda, Akira Shibuya
Journal: Blood (2005)
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following Organophosphate Poisoning
Authors: Jeffrey R. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ORGANOPHOSPHORUS compounds are widely used in agriculture as insecticides and defoliants. They are rapidly absorbed through intact skin, as well as from the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, to produce a syndrome of acute intoxication.<sup>1,2</sup>Rarely, certain organophosphates produce delayed effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, appearing days to weeks after exposure.<sup>2,3</sup>Except for the epidemics of Ginger Jake paralysis,<sup>4</sup>resulting from adulteration of alcoholic beverages with triorthocresylphosphate, few cases of organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity have been reported in man. To my knowledge, human intoxication by merphos (Folex), a widely used cotton defoliant, has never been described. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A healthy 28-year-old man was mixing a cotton defoliant (merphos) when he accidentally splashed a moderate amount of the undiluted chemical on his bare upper arms and T-shirt, soaking the garment through to the skin. He did not wash off the substance or remove the shirt. During
US flu mortality estimates are based on solid science
Authors: Lone Simonsen, Robert Taylor, Cecile Viboud, Jonathan Dushoff, Mark Miller
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Editor—Doshi implies that the use of statistical models to estimate flu related mortality is inappropriate.1 Not so. Epidemiologists rely on statistical models because the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code for influenza (ICD9 487) severely undercounts the true number of flu related deaths. Doshi also implies that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) deliberately exaggerates flu mortality for the benefit of the pharmaceutical industry, while other scientists stand by, meek and mute. The BMJ 's decision to publish Doshi's commentary with no counterpoint from …