tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Outcome and Prognostic Factors in Primary Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Testis in a Survey by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group
Authors: E. Zucca, A. Conconi, T.I. Mughal, A.H. Sarris, J.F. Seymour, U. Vitolo, R. Klasa, M. Ozsahin, G.M. Mead, M.A. Gianni, S. Cortelazzo, A.J.M. Ferreri, A. Ambrosetti, M. Martelli, C. Thiéblemont, H. Gomez Moreno, G. Pinotti, G. Martinelli, R. Mozzana, S. Grisanti, M. Provencio, M. Balzarotti, F. Laveder, G. Oltean, V. Callea, P. Roy, F. Cavalli, M.K. Gospodarowicz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

To determine clinical features and patterns of outcome of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLCL).A retrospective international survey of 373 patients with primary testicular DLCL.Most patients presented with localized disease (stage I to II), and the median age at diagnosis was 66 years (range, 19 to 91 years). Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was administered to 255 patients (68%), and prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was given to 68 patients (18%); 133 patients (36%) received prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy. Median overall survival was 4.8 years, and median progression-free survival was 4 years. The survival curves showed no clear evidence of a substantial proportion of cured patients. A favorable international prognostic index score (IPI), no B-symptoms, the use of anthracyclines, and prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy were significantly associated with longer survival at multivariate analysis. However, even for patients with stage I disease and good-risk IPI, the outcome seems worse than what was reported for DLCL at other sites. At a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 195 patients (52%) had relapsed. Extranodal recurrence was reported in 140 cases. Relapses in CNS were detected in 56 patients (15%) up to 10 years after presentation. A continuous risk of recurrence in the contralateral testis was seen in patients not receiving scrotal radiotherapy.Testicular DLCL is characterized by a particularly high risk of extranodal relapse even in cases with localized disease at diagnosis. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, CNS prophylaxis, and contralateral testicular irradiation seem to improve the outcome. Their efficacy is under evaluation in a prospective clinical trial.
The epidemiology of new versus recurrent sports concussions among high school athletes, 2005–2010
Authors: Lianne Castile, Christy L Collins, Natalie M McIlvain, R Dawn Comstock
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

To compare new versus recurrent concussions with respect to constellation of symptoms, symptom severity, symptom resolution; evaluate potential subset differences with respect to gender and sport; and to compare mechanisms and activities associated with new versus recurrent concussions.Sports-related injury and exposure data were collected for nine sports from 2005 to 2010 from 100 nationally representative US high schools.Nationally, an estimated 732,805 concussions occurred. Of these reported concussions, 13.2% were recurrent. The rate of new concussions was 22.2 per 100,000 athletic exposures while the rate of recurrent concussions was 3.1 per 100,000 athletic exposures (RR 7.23, 95% CI 6.39 to 8.17, p<0.001). While 0.6% of new concussion symptoms took >1 month to resolve, 6.5% of recurrent concussion symptoms took >1 month to resolve (IPR 10.35; 95% CI 4.62 to 23.16; p<0.001). Loss of consciousness was reported more often with recurrent (7.7%) than new concussions (4.4%) (IPR 1.76; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.03; p=0.043). A greater proportion of athletes sustaining recurrent concussions returned to play in >3 weeks (7.5%) or were medically disqualified (16.2%) than athletes sustaining new concussions (3.8%; IPR 1.95; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.77; p=0.047 and 2.9%; IPR 5.58; 95% CI 3.50 to 8.88; p<0.001, respectively). The majority of new and recurrent concussions resulted from contact with another person (73.4% and 77.9%, respectively).Athletes sustaining recurrent concussions had longer symptom resolution times, were kept out of play longer and reported loss of consciousness more frequently than athletes sustaining new concussions. With the possibility of long-term impairment and other negative sequelae, proper management and prevention of concussions at the high school level is imperative.
The Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP17 Is Highly Expressed in Tumor Biopsies, Is Cell Cycle Regulated, and Is Required for G1-S Progression
Authors: Cheryl McFarlane, Alyson A. Kelvin, Michelle de la Vega, Ureshnie Govender, Christopher J. Scott, James F. Burrows, James A. Johnston
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational modification that is essential for cell cycle control, and it is becoming increasingly clear that the removal of ubiquitin from proteins by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB) is equally important. In this study, we have identified high levels of the DUB USP17 in several tumor-derived cell lines and primary lung, colon, esophagus, and cervix tumor biopsies. We also report that USP17 is tightly regulated during the cell cycle in all the cells examined, being abundantly evident in G1 and absent in S phase. Moreover, regulated USP17 expression was necessary for cell cycle progression because its depletion significantly impaired G1-S transition and blocked cell proliferation. Previously, we have shown that USP17 regulates the intracellular translocation and activation of the GTPase Ras by controlling Ras-converting enzyme 1 (RCE1) activation. RCE1 also regulates the processing of other proteins with a CAAX motif, including Rho family GTPases. We now show that USP17 depletion blocks Ras and RhoA localization and activation. Moreover, our results confirm that USP17-depleted cells have constitutively elevated levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21cip1 and p27kip1, known downstream targets of Ras and RhoA signaling. These observations clearly show that USP17 is tightly regulated during cell division and that its expression is necessary to coordinate cell cycle progression, and thus, it may be considered a promising novel cancer therapeutic target. Cancer Res; 70(8); 3329–39. ©2010 AACR.
Reproduction and fertility in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection
Authors: E. van Leeuwen, J.M. Prins, S. Jurriaans, K. Boer, P. Reiss, S. Repping, F. van der Veen
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2006)

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) affects mostly men and women in their reproductive years. For those who have access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the course of HIV-1 infection has shifted from a lethal to a chronic disease. As a result of this, many patients with HIV-1 consider having offspring, as do other patients of reproductive age with chronic illnesses. This article summarizes the current knowledge on the presence of HIV in the male and female genital tract, the effects of HIV-1 infection and HAART on male and female fertility and the results of various assisted reproduction techniques (ART) in HIV-1-infected men and women who wish to have offspring.
High levels of interleukin 10 production in vivo are associated with tolerance in SCID patients transplanted with HLA mismatched hematopoietic stem cells.
Authors: R Bacchetta, M Bigler, J L Touraine, R Parkman, P A Tovo, J Abrams, R de Waal Malefyt, J E de Vries, M G Roncarolo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Transplantation of HLA mismatched hematopoietic stem cells in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) can result in a selective engraftment of T cells of donor origin with complete immunologic reconstitution and in vivo tolerance. The latter may occur in the absence of clonal deletion of donor T lymphocytes able to recognize the host HLA antigens. The activity of these host-reactive T cells is suppressed in vivo, since no graft-vs. -host disease is observed in these human chimeras. Here it is shown that the CD4+ host-reactive T cell clones isolated from a SCID patient transplanted with fetal liver stem cells produce unusually high quantities of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and very low amounts of IL-2 after antigen-specific stimulation in vitro. The specific proliferative responses of the host-reactive T cell clones were considerably enhanced in the presence of neutralizing concentrations of an anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody, suggesting that high levels of endogenous IL-10 suppress the activity of these cells. These in vitro data correlate with observations made in vivo. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis carried out on freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the patient indicated that the levels of IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were strongly enhanced, whereas IL-2 mRNA expression was much lower than that in PBMC of healthy donors. In vivo IL-10 mRNA expression was not only high in the T cells, but also in the non-T cell fraction, indicating that host cells also contributed to the high levels of IL-10 in vivo. Patient-derived monocytes were found to be major IL-10 producers. Although no circulating IL-10 could be detected, freshly isolated monocytes of the patient showed a reduced expression of class II HLA antigens. However, their capacity to stimulate T cells of normal donors in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures was within the normal range. Interestingly, similar high in vivo IL-10 mRNA expressions in the T and non-T cell compartment were also observed in three SCID patients transplanted with fetal liver stem cells and in four SCID patients transplanted with T cell-depleted haploidentical bone marrow stem cells. Taken together, these data indicate that high endogenous IL-10 production is a general phenomenon in SCID patients in whom allogenic stem cell transplantation results in immunologic reconstitution and induction of tolerance. Both donor T cells and host accessory cells contribute to these high levels of IL-10, which would suppress the activity of host-reactive T cell in vivo.
A case of Haemophilus parainfluenzae pneumonia
Authors: A Pillai
Journal: Thorax (2000)

A 41 year old woman presented with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) which failed to resolve following treatment with amoxycillin and cefaclor prior to referral. Quantitative culture of sputum revealed a pure growth of <i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i> and, following antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolate, ciprofloxacin was prescribed resulting in resolution of the infection. Immunological investigations showed that the patient had a high titre of <i>H parainfluenzae</i> specific IgM. The combination of a pure growth of <i>H parainfluenzae</i>, a response to appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and the presence of a specific antibody response indicated that this organism had a pathogenic role in the patient9s pneumonia and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CAP.
Cell surface proteomics identifies glucose transporter type 1 and prion protein as candidate biomarkers for colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression
Authors: Meike de Wit, Connie R Jimenez, Beatriz Carvalho, Jeroen A M Belien, Pien M Delis-van Diemen, Sandra Mongera, Sander R Piersma, Maindad Vikas, Sanjay Navani, Fredrik Pontén, Gerrit A Meijer, Remond J A Fijneman
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Background and objective</h3> Early detection of colon adenomas at high risk of progression and early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) is an effective approach to reduce CRC death rates. Current screening methods lack specificity as they detect many adenomas that will never progress to CRC. The authors aimed to identify cell surface protein biomarkers with extracellular domains that could be targeted for molecular imaging and discriminate low-risk adenomas and normal colon from high-risk adenomas and CRC. <h3>Design</h3> Cell surface proteins of five CRC cell lines were biotinylated, isolated and analysed by in-depth proteomics using gel electrophoresis and nanoliquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Differential expression in adenomas and CRCs was based on mRNA expression and verified by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 2609 proteins were identified in the cell surface fractions. Of these, 44 proteins were selected as promising cell surface candidate biomarkers for adenoma-to-carcinoma progression based on the following criteria: protein identification in at least four out of five cell lines, a predicted (trans)membrane location and increased mRNA expression in CRCs compared to adenomas. Increased protein expression in high-risk adenomas and CRCs compared to low-risk adenomas was confirmed by immunohistochemistry for glucose transporter type 1 (gene symbol <i>SLC2A1</i>; p&lt;0.00001) and prion protein (gene symbol <i>PRNP</i>; p&lt;0.005). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study revealed glucose transporter type 1, prion protein and 42 other cell surface candidate biomarkers for adenoma-to-carcinoma progression that could potentially serve as targets for emerging molecular imaging modalities like optical imaging, <sup>19</sup>F-MRI and positron emission tomography.
Deciphering the "matrix" in pulmonary vascular remodelling
Authors: P. M. Hassoun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

Vascular remodelling, a prominent feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), is characterised by changes affecting all layers of the pulmonary vessels. The intima becomes infiltrated with fibroblasts and shows prominent fibrosis. The media is the site of smooth muscle hypertrophy and extension of muscle to normally nonmuscularised peripheral arteries as a result of differentiation of pericytes and/or recruitment of smooth muscle cell (SMC) precursors. Similarly, there is increased production of extracellular matrix (ECM), with deposition of collagen and elastin, contributing to the remodelling of the adventitia. The factors that initiate and/or participate in ECM remodelling have been the focus of investigations mostly in animal models of pulmonary hypertension 1. It has been postulated that matrix remodelling may be preceded by endothelial dysfunction, with alterations in barrier properties leading to the accumulation of a serum factor in the subendothelial space 2. This putative factor would, in turn, cause activation of a SMC serine elastase 3. Several lines of evidence obtained from animal experimentation and human studies support the concept that increased elastolytic activity contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension through remodelling of the ECM. Indeed, elastin fragmentation has been observed in the pulmonary arteries of children afflicted with pulmonary hypertension related to congenital heart defects 4. In addition, while high elastin turnover in conjunction with increased activity of a serine elastase has been observed at least in monocrotaline-induced …
Assessment of Coronary Reperfusion After Thrombolysis With a Model Combining Myoglobin, Creatine Kinase–MB, and Clinical Variables
Authors: Robert H. Christenson, E. Magnus Ohman, Eric J. Topol, Steven Peck, L. Kristin Newby, Show-Hong Duh, Dean J. Kereiakes, Seth J. Worley, Gladys L. Alosozana, Thomas C. Wall, Robert M. Califf, None 7 Study Group ;
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Several biochemical markers have been investigated for the noninvasive assessment of reperfusion after myocardial infarction. Because myoglobin is released very soon after myocardial injury and clears rapidly after reperfusion, it may prove to be an excellent marker of occlusion and reperfusion. Methods and Results We examined the relation between various myoglobin measures and Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in 96 patients enrolled in a study of front-loaded thrombolysis who underwent 90-minute angiography. We also combined myoglobin measures with models that include clinical and creatine kinase–MB variables. The myoglobin level measured within 10 minutes of acute angiography showed the best overall performance and was used for later analyses. Of the clinical variables examined, only time from symptom onset to thrombolysis and chest pain grade at angiography discriminated among TIMI flow grades. Combining the 90-minute myoglobin level and these clinical variables showed a significant difference ( P &lt;.0001) between both TIMI 3 versus TIMI 0 through 2 and TIMI 2 or 3 versus TIMI 0 or 1 flow. When the 90-minute myoglobin level was added to an established predictive model containing clinical variables and creatine kinase–MB measures, its contribution remained significant ( P =.044). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for this combined model was .88. Conclusions A single myoglobin measurement obtained 90 minutes after the start of thrombolysis, combined with select clinical variables and creatine kinase–MB levels, enhances the noninvasive prediction of reperfusion after myocardial infarction.
Sensitive measurement of quantity dynamics of FLT3 internal tandem duplication at early time points provides prognostic information
Authors: W.-C. Chou, H.-A. Hou, C.-Y. Liu, C.-Y. Chen, L.-I. Lin, Y.-N. Huang, Y.-C. Chao, C.-A. Hsu, C.-F. Huang, H.-F. Tien
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2010)
Subcutaneous and visceral fat distribution and daily physical activity: comparison between young and middle aged women.
Authors: T Abe, T Sakurai, J Kurata, Y Kawakami, T Fukunaga
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of aging and physical activity on distribution patterns in subcutaneous and visceral fat. METHODS: Distributions of subcutaneous rat mass at six segments (face and neck, forearm, upper arm, trunk, thigh, and lower leg) were determined by adipose tissue thickness measurements by B mode ultrasonogram and body surface areas. Visceral fat mass was calculated by subtracting subcutaneous fat mass from the total fat mass determined hydrodensitometrically. Measurements were made on young and middle aged, trained and sedentary women (four groups). RESULTS: Per cent body fat was lower in trained than in sedentary individuals, both in the young and the middle aged subjects. The distribution of subcutaneous fat mass differed between sedentary and trained women. Trained young women had a reduced subcutaneous fat mass compared to sedentary young subjects in all segments except face and neck; the disparity between middle aged sedentary and trained women was limited to upper arm and trunk (P &lt; 0.01 each), with no significant difference in face and neck, forearm, and lower limb segments. Differences in visceral fat mass between sedentary and trained subjects were similar for young and middle aged women (young, 2.5 v 3.7 kg; middle aged, 4.0 v 6.5 kg). CONCLUSIONS: Women who exercise regularly appear to accumulate less adipose tissue, especially in upper arm and trunk segments as they get older, with visceral fat mass remaining lower than in sedentary individuals.
Electromechanical Mapping Identifies Improvement in Function and Retention of Contractile Reserve After Revascularization in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Habib Samady, C. Joon Choi, Michael Ragosta, Eric R. Powers, George A. Beller, Christopher M. Kramer
Journal: Circulation (2004)

We hypothesized that (1) a significant proportion of ischemic dysfunctional segments that do not improve function will demonstrate postrevascularization contractile reserve and (2) electromechanical mapping (EMM) can identify segments that improve function as well as those with postrevascularization contractile reserve, a potential indicator of delayed functional improvement.Eighteen patients with severe ischemic left ventricular dysfunction underwent EMM and dobutamine (D) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) followed by revascularization. Four months after revascularization, all patients underwent a repeated D-CMR, and at 35 months, a subgroup (n=6) underwent a third CMR. Of 120 dysfunctional segments, 60 segments had improved rest function (IRF) and 60 did not. Twenty-eight of 60 segments (47%) that did not improve RF demonstrated postrevascularization contractile reserve (CR), and 32 of 60 segments (53%) that demonstrated neither IRF nor CR were persistently dysfunctional (PD). CR segments recovered significantly greater late function compared with IRF or PD: 14+/-12% vs 2+/-5% and 4+/-7%, respectively; P<0.05. EMM ratio, defined as the unipolar voltage divided by linear shortening, was significantly higher in IRF segments compared with segments that did not improve RF: 2.4+/-4.5 vs 0.7+/-3.5, P<0.05. Unipolar voltage was stepwise lower in normal, IRF, CR, and PD segments (10.5+/-4.7, 9.3+/-3.9, 8.8+/-3.2, and 7.4+/-2.3 mV, respectively; P<0.01 for trend).Almost half of dysfunctional myocardial segments in chronic ischemic heart disease that do not improve RF early after revascularization demonstrate early CR and delayed functional recovery. EMM parameters can identify segments that improve RF and retain CR early after revascularization.
Current Capabilities and Challenges for Optical Coherence Tomography as a High-Impact Cardiovascular Imaging Modality
Authors: Mark E. Brezinski
Journal: Circulation (2011)

I mpact, the ability to have a long-lasting significant influ- ence in the field, has become the focus not only of the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation but also of science in general.An article in this issue, "Optical Coherent Tomographic Analysis of In-Stent Neoatherosclerosis After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation," deals with 2 high-impact areas of cardiology: extending the diagnostic capabilities of cardiovascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the cause of late drug-eluting stent failure. 1 With respect to the latter, the article looks at atherosclerotic progression after drug-eluting stent placement and late development of different plaque morphologies, predominantly at the stent site.It suggests variability of plaque progression in the peristent area as a potential reason for failure.The article reviews the literature on this topic, so the cardiovascular OCT aspects of the paper, mainly the strengths and weaknesses of the technology, are the focus of the remainder of this editorial.The primary topic in particular is the effectiveness of OCT for plaque lipid identification.
Food and Oral Antineoplastics: More Than Meets the Eye
Authors: Rajul K. Jain, Satjit S. Brar, Lawrence J. Lesko
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Food can alter the bioavailability of orally administered drugs. Description of food effects in product labels and information about administration in relation to food are influenced by a variety of factors. Because food effects can change drug efficacy and toxicity, it is important that physicians and patients be aware of them. Clin Cancer Res; 16(17); 4305–7. ©2010 AACR.
Metastasis-free survival is associated with overall survival in men with PSA-recurrent prostate cancer treated with deferred androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: M.T. Schweizer, X.C. Zhou, H. Wang, T. Yang, F. Shaukat, A.W. Partin, M.A. Eisenberger, E.S. Antonarakis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Induction of a Diverse T Cell Receptor γ/δ Repertoire by the Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins E2a and Heb in Nonlymphoid Cells
Authors: Jimut Kanti Ghosh, William J. Romanow, Cornelis Murre
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2001)

During specific stages of thymocyte development, the T cell receptor (TCR) locus is assembled from variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments. Proper TCR γ and δ V(D)J rearrangement during thymocyte development requires the presence of the E2A proteins. Here we show that E2A and a closely related protein, HEB, in the presence of recombination activating gene (RAG)1 and RAG2, each have the ability to activate TCR γ and δ rearrangement in human kidney cells. The coding joints are diverse, contain nucleotide deletions, and occasionally show the presence of P nucleotides. Interestingly, only a subset of V, D, and J segments are targeted by the E2A and HEB proteins. Thus, E2A and HEB permit localized accessibility of the TCR γ and δ loci to the recombination machinery. These data indicate that a distinct but diverse TCR repertoire can be induced in nonlymphoid cells by the mere presence of the V(D)J recombinase and the transcriptional regulators, E2A and HEB.