tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
&lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;-Hydroxypropiophenone Effects on Azo Dye-Induced Alterations in Mouse Hepatic Cells: Light and Electron Microscopic Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Nalin J. Unakar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Journal Article p-Hydroxypropiophenone Effects on Azo Dye-Induced Alterations in Mouse Hepatic Cells: Light and Electron Microscopic Study Get access Nalin J. Unakar Nalin J. Unakar Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 44, Issue 4, April 1970, Pages 873–891, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/44.4.873 Published: 01 April 1970 Article history Received: 20 October 1969 Accepted: 30 December 1969 Published: 01 April 1970
GATA-3 is required for early T lineage progenitor development
Authors: Tomonori Hosoya, Takashi Kuroha, Takashi Moriguchi, Dustin Cummings, Ivan Maillard, Kim-Chew Lim, James Douglas Engel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Most T lymphocytes appear to arise from very rare early T lineage progenitors (ETPs) in the thymus, but the transcriptional programs that specify ETP generation are not completely known. The transcription factor GATA-3 is required for the development of T lymphocytes at multiple late differentiation steps as well as for the development of thymic natural killer cells. However, a role for GATA-3 before the double-negative (DN) 3 stage of T cell development has to date been obscured both by the developmental heterogeneity of DN1 thymocytes and the paucity of ETPs. We provide multiple lines of in vivo evidence through the analysis of T cell development in Gata3 hypomorphic mutant embryos, in irradiated mice reconstituted with Gata3 mutant hematopoietic cells, and in mice conditionally ablated for the Gata3 gene to show that GATA-3 is required for ETP generation. We further show that Gata3 loss does not affect hematopoietic stem cells or multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. Finally, we demonstrate that Gata3 mutant lymphoid progenitors exhibit neither increased apoptosis nor diminished cell-cycle progression. Thus, GATA-3 is required for the cell-autonomous development of the earliest characterized thymic T cell progenitors.
Amylopectin sulphate (SN-263) coats the gastric mucosal surface
Authors: D. S. Zimmon, V. Mazzola
Journal: Gut (1973)

After the application <i>in vitro</i> of <sup>14</sup>C amylopectin sulphate solution to frozen sections of human ulcer-bearing stomach, autoradiography demonstrates localization of amylopectin sulphate to the gastric surface. The affinity of amylopectin sulphate macromolecule for the gastric luminal surface would provide a substrate-bound pepsin inhibitor with a molecular sieve-like action to exclude proteolytic enzymes from the mucosal surface. This protective coating action may mimic the hypothetical role of endogenous gastric mucous substances and account for the action of amylopectin sulphate in human peptic ulcer.
One in 12 older people are prescribed the wrong drug
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Americans aged over 65 stand an 8% chance of being prescribed inappropriate drugs when they visit their doctor's surgery or a hospital outpatient department, a similar rate to that in 1995, a new study has found.

The risk is twice as high for women and may be worse among patients in nursing homes, and the finding probably underestimates the problem, the study's author, Dr Margie Rauch Goulding, a healthstatistician at the National Center for Health Statistics, told the BMJ .

The study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine (2004;164:305-12), showed that inappropriate prescribing occurred in 16.7 million doctor visits in 2000, with patients getting at least …
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Effect of Intensive Versus Standard Lipid-Lowering Treatment With Atorvastatin on the Progression of Calcified Coronary Atherosclerosis Over 12 Months: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial”
Authors: Axel Schmermund, Winfried Siffert, Raimund Erbel, Stephan Achenbach, Thomas Budde, Gert Kerkhoff, Yuri Buziashvili, Andreas Förster, Guy Friedrich, Michael Henein, Friedrich Knollmann, Valery Kukharchuk, Avijit Lahiri, Roman Leischik, Werner Moshage, Michael Schartl, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Anja Vogt, Valentin Sinitsyn, Burkhard Wiedeking
Journal: Circulation (2006)
THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC SUN DAMAGE ON THE ACTIVITY OF METABOLIC ENZYMES OF THE EPIDERMIS OF HUMAN SKIN*
Authors: D. CERIMELE, S. YAMASAWA, F. SERRI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— The activity of 14 enzymes representative of the main metabolic pathways was assayed with microfluorometric techniques in the epidermis of exposed and unexposed skin of old men. The activity of 9 enzymes (α-glycero-phosphate dehydrogenase enolase, lactic dehydrogenase, isocitric and malic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alanine and aspartate tranaminase. β-hydroxylacyl dehydrogenase) was decreased in the exposed skin of old humans. The decrease of the activity of many enzymes in the exposed skin seems to be due to the accumulation of damage to epidermal cells.
Frequency of Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer in Women Presenting to Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Barbara A. Goff
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Women with ovarian cancer frequently report symptoms prior to diagnosis, but distinguishing these symptoms from those that normally occur in women remains problematic.To compare the frequency, severity, and duration of symptoms between women with ovarian cancer and women presenting to primary care clinics.A prospective case-control study of women who visited 2 primary care clinics (N = 1709) and completed an anonymous survey of symptoms experienced over the past year (July 2001-January 2002). Severity of symptoms was rated on a 5-point scale, duration was recorded, and frequency was indicated as number of episodes per month. An identical survey was administered preoperatively to 128 women with a pelvic mass (84 benign and 44 malignant).Comparison of self-reported symptoms between ovarian cancer patients and women seeking care in primary care clinics.In the clinic population, 72% of women had recurring symptoms with a median number of 2 symptoms. The most common were back pain (45%), fatigue (34%), bloating (27%), constipation (24%), abdominal pain (22%), and urinary symptoms (16%). Comparing ovarian cancer cases to clinic controls resulted in an odds ratio of 7.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8-14.2) for increased abdominal size; 3.6 (95% CI, 1.8-7.0) for bloating; 2.5 (95% CI, 1.3-4.8) for urinary urgency; and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.2-3.9) for pelvic pain. Women with malignant masses typically experienced symptoms 20 to 30 times per month and had significantly more symptoms of higher severity and more recent onset than women with benign masses or controls. The combination of bloating, increased abdominal size, and urinary symptoms was found in 43% of those with cancer but in only 8% of those presenting to primary care clinics.Symptoms that are more severe or frequent than expected and of recent onset warrant further diagnostic investigation because they are more likely to be associated with both benign and malignant ovarian masses.
Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty in Black and White Patients with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma
Authors: Theodore Krupin, Randall Patkin, Fred K. Kurata, Kim I. Bishop, Edwin U. Keates, David M. Kozart, Richard A. Stone, Elliot B. Werner
Journal: Ophthalmology (1986)

The effect of argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied retrospectively in 68 black patients and 42 white patients with uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma on maximally tolerated medical therapy. Patients with the diagnosis of pigmentary or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and those having previous intraocular or laser surgery were excluded. While the mean age of the black patients (66.9 years) was lower than the white patients (72.2 years), the prelaser IOP was similar between the two groups: 26.2 mmHg for the black patients and 25.5 mmHg for the white patients. The mean IOP one year (18.4 mmHg for black patients and 18.4 mmHg for white patients) and two years (19.5 mmHg and 20.3 mmHg, respectively) after ALT was the same between the two groups of patients. A similar percentage of black (85%) and white (83%) patients showed more than a 15% decrease in IOP from their prelaser values one year after treatment. The IOP lowering effect of ALT decreased during the second post-operative year; but the diminished response was identical in patients of both races, with 71 % of patients of both groups still showing greater than 15% reduction from their pre-laser IOP. We conclude that ALT is equally effective in lowering IOP for black and white patients with medically uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma.
Long-term outcomes in pediatric-onset esophageal eosinophilia
Authors: Charles W. DeBrosse, James P. Franciosi, Eileen C. King, Bridget K. Buckmeier Butz, Allison B. Greenberg, Margaret H. Collins, J. Pablo Abonia, Amal Assa’ad, Philip E. Putnam, Marc E. Rothenberg
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Drug resistance genomics of the antimalarial drug artemisinin
Authors: Elizabeth A Winzeler, Micah J Manary
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Across the globe, over 200 million annual malaria infections result in up to 660,000 deaths, 77% of which occur in children under the age of five years. Although prevention is important, malaria deaths are typically prevented by using antimalarial drugs that eliminate symptoms and clear parasites from the blood. Artemisinins are one of the few remaining compound classes that can be used to cure multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections. Unfortunately, clinical trials from Southeast Asia are showing that artemisinin-based treatments are beginning to lose their effectiveness, adding renewed urgency to the search for the genetic determinants of parasite resistance to this important drug class. We review the genetic and genomic approaches that have led to an improved understanding of artemisinin resistance, including the identification of resistance-conferring mutations in the P. falciparum kelch13 gene.
Dose-response slope of forced oscillation and forced expiratory parameters in bronchial challenge testing
Authors: A.b. Bohadana, R. Peslin, S-E. Megherbi, D. Teculescu, E.a. Sauleau, P. Wild, Q.t. Pham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

In population studies, the provocative dose (PD) of bronchoconstrictor causing a significant decrement in lung function cannot be calculated for most subjects. Dose-response curves for carbachol were examined to determine whether this relationship can be summarized by means of a continuous index likely to be calculable for all subjects, namely the two-point dose response slope (DRS) of mean resistance (Rm) and resistance at 10 Hz (R10) measured by the forced oscillation technique (FOT). Five doses of carbachol (320 microg each) were inhaled by 71 patients referred for investigation of asthma (n=16), chronic cough (n=15), nasal polyposis (n=8), chronic rhinitis (n=8), dyspnoea (n=8), urticaria (n=5), post-anaphylactic shock (n=4) and miscellaneous conditions (n=7). FOT resistance and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured in close succession. The PD of carbachol leading to a fall in FEV1 &gt; or = 20% (PD20) or a rise in Rm or R10 &gt; or = 47% (PD47,Rm and PD47,R10) were calculated by interpolation. DRS for FEV1 (DRSFEV1), Rm (DRSRm) and R10 (DRSR10) were obtained as the percentage change at last dose divided by the total dose of carbachol. The sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of DRSRm, DRS10 delta%Rm and delta%R10 in detecting spirometric bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR, fall in FEV1 &gt; or = 20%) were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. There were 23 (32%) "spirometric" reactors. PD20 correlated strongly with DRSFEV1 (r=-0.962; p=0.0001); PD47,Rm correlated significantly with DRSRm (r=-0.648; p=0.0001) and PD47,R10 with DRSR10 (r=-0.552; p=0.0001). DRSFEV1 correlated significantly with both DRSRm (r=0.700; p=0.0001) and DRSR10 (r=0.784; p=0.0001). The Se and Sp of the various FOT indices to correctly detect spirometric BHR were as follows: DRSRm: Se=91.3%, Sp=81.2%; DRSR10: Se=91.3%, Sp=95.8%; delta%Rm: Se=86.9%, Sp=52.1%; and delta%R10: Se=91.3%, Sp=58.3%. Dose-response slopes of indices of forced oscillation technique resistance, especially the dose-response slope of resistance at 10Hz are proposed as simple quantitative indices of bronchial responsiveness which can be calculated for all subjects and that may be useful in occupational epidemiology.
Discriminatory Attitudes and Practices by Health Workers toward Patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria
Authors: Chen Reis, Michele Heisler, Lynn L Amowitz, R. Scott Moreland, Jerome O Mafeni, Chukwuemeka Anyamele, Vincent Iacopino
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Background Nigeria has an estimated 3.6 million people with HIV/AIDS and is home to one out of every 11 people with HIV/AIDS worldwide. This study is the first population-based assessment of discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in the health sector of a country. The purpose of this study was to characterize the nature and extent of discriminatory practices and attitudes in the health sector and indicate possible contributing factors and intervention strategies. The study involved a cross-sectional survey of 1,021 Nigerian health-care professionals (including 324 physicians, 541 nurses, and 133 midwives identified by profession) in 111 health-care facilities in four Nigerian states. Methods and Findings Fifty-four percent of the health-care professionals (550/1,021) were sampled from public tertiary care facilities. Nine percent of professionals reported refusing to care for an HIV/AIDS patient, and 9% indicated that they had refused an HIV/AIDS patient admission to a hospital. Fifty-nine percent agreed that people with HIV/AIDS should be on a separate ward, and 40% believed a person's HIV status could be determined by his or her appearance. Ninety-one percent agreed that staff and health-care professionals should be informed when a patient is HIV-positive so they can protect themselves. Forty percent believed that health-care professionals with HIV/AIDS should not be allowed to work in any area of health-care that requires patient contact. Twenty percent agreed that many with HIV/AIDS behaved immorally and deserve the disease. Basic materials needed for treatment and prevention of HIV were not adequately available. Twelve percent agreed that treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients wastes resources, and 8% indicated that treating someone with HIV/AIDS is a waste of precious resources. Providers who reported working in facilities that did not always practice universal precautions were more likely to favor restrictive policies toward people with HIV/AIDS. Providers who reported less adequate training in HIV treatment and ethics were also more likely to report negative attitudes toward patients with HIV/AIDS. There was no consistent pattern of differences in negative attitudes and practices across the different health specialties surveyed. Conclusion While most health-care professionals surveyed reported being in compliance with their ethical obligations despite the lack of resources, discriminatory behavior and attitudes toward patients with HIV/AIDS exist among a significant proportion of health-care professionals in the surveyed states. Inadequate education about HIV/AIDS and a lack of protective and treatment materials appear to contribute to these practices and attitudes.
The impact of the workplace on health
Authors: C. Cooper, B. Faragher
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Job insecurity increases the risk of coronary heart disease

In the continuing battle against coronary heart disease, attention is usually focused on behaviours over which people have direct control, such as regular exercise and diet. However, there are other important risk factors over which people often have little control. High on this list is the potential impact of the workplace on health.

In an extensive study of 174 438 participants followed for almost 10 years, Virtanen and colleagues provide persuasive evidence that one workplace characteristic, job insecurity, increases the risk of coronary heart disease (age adjusted relative risk for high versus low job security 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.59).1 This paper adds substantially to research reporting a link between job insecurity and adverse health events and negative behaviours,2 3 4 including a recent paper by the same group that identified job strain as a risk factor for coronary heart disease.5

In a meta-analysis of 485 studies of 267 995 people we found a strong correlation between self reported measures of job satisfaction and health.6 Poor job satisfaction was particularly associated with burn out, poor self …
Anti-CD20 Therapy Acts via FcγRIIIA to Diminish Responsiveness of Human Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Cristina Capuano, Maddalena Romanelli, Chiara Pighi, Giuseppe Cimino, Angela Rago, Rosa Molfetta, Rossella Paolini, Angela Santoni, Ricciarda Galandrini
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) immune cells mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by aggregating FcγRIIIA/CD16, contributing significantly to the therapeutic effect of CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In this study, we show that CD16 ligation on primary human NK cells by the anti-CD20 mAb rituximab or ofatumumab stably impairs the spontaneous cytotoxic response attributable to cross-tolerance of several unrelated NK-activating receptors (including NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp46, and 2B4). Similar effects were obtained from NK cells isolated from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in an autologous setting. NK cells rendered hyporesponsive in this manner were deficient in the ability of these cross-tolerized receptors to phosphorylate effector signaling molecules critical for NK cytotoxicity, including SLP-76, PLCγ2, and Vav1. These effects were associated with long-lasting recruitment of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 to the CD16 receptor complex. Notably, pharmacologic inhibition of SHP-1 with sodium stibogluconate counteracted CD20 mAb-induced NK hyporesponsiveness, unveiling an unrecognized role for CD16 as a bifunctional receptor capable of engendering long-lasting NK cell inhibitory signals. Our work defines a novel mechanism of immune exhaustion induced by CD20 mAb in human NK cells, with potentially negative implications in CD20 mAb-treated patients where NK cells are partly responsible for clinical efficacy. Cancer Res; 75(19); 4097–108. ©2015 AACR.
A novel I-branching β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase involved in human blood group I antigen expression
Authors: Niro Inaba, Toru Hiruma, Akira Togayachi, Hiroko Iwasaki, Xiao-Hui Wang, Yusuke Furukawa, Ryoichi Sumi, Takashi Kudo, Katsuya Fujimura, Toshie Iwai, Masanori Gotoh, Mitsuru Nakamura, Hisashi Narimatsu
Journal: Blood (2003)
Reply to Letter Regarding Article, “The Impact of Collateral Flow to the Occluded Infarct-Related Artery on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Recent Myocardial Infarction: A Report From the Randomized Occluded Artery Trial”
Authors: Ph. Gabriel Steg, Arthur Kerner, G.B. John Mancini, Christopher E. Buller, Antonio C. Carvalho, Sandra A. Forman, Viliam Fridrich, Harmony R. Reynolds, Judith S. Hochman, Gervasio A. Lamas, Harvey D. White
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Identification of a novel proliferation-related protein, WHSC1 4a, in human gliomas
Authors: Jie Li, Chunyue Yin, Hiroaki Okamoto, Harry Mushlin, Brian M. Balgley, Cheng S. Lee, Kristy Yuan, Barbara Ikejiri, Sven Glasker, Alexander O. Vortmeyer, Edward H. Oldfield, Robert J. Weil, Zhengping Zhuang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2008)

Dynamic changes in the expression of multiple genes appear to be common features that distinguish transformed cells from their normal counterparts. We compared the proteomic profiles of four glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissue samples and four normal brain cortex samples to examine the molecular basis of gliomagenesis. Trypsin-digested protein samples were separated by capillary isoelectric focusing with nano-reversed-phase liquid chromatography and were profiled by mass spectrometric sequencing. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (WHSC1), along with 103 other proteins, was found only in the GBM proteomes. Western blot and immunohistochemistry verified our proteomic findings and demonstrated that 30-kDa WHSC1 expression increases with ascending tumor proliferation activity. RNA interference could suppress glioma cell growth by blocking WHSC1 expression. Our novel findings encourage the application of proteomic techniques in cancer research.
Multi-use and constraints from original use
Authors: Justin A. Jungé, Daniel C. Dennett
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Anderson's theory is plausible and largely consistent with the data. However, it remains underspecified on several fronts, and we highlight areas for potential improvement. Reuse is described as duplicating a functional component, preserving one function and tinkering to add another function. This is a promising model, but Anderson neglects other reasonable alternatives and we highlight several. Evidence cited in support of reuse fails to uniquely support it among a broader set of multi-use theories. We suggest that a more stringent criterion for direct support of reuse may be satisfied by focusing on previous adaptive functions (original use).
Predictors and Evolution of Renal Function during 9 Years Following Heart Transplantation
Authors: BJO[Combining Diaeresis]RN LINDELO[Combining Diaeresis]W, CLAES-HA[Combining Ring Above]KAN BERGH, HANS HERLITZ, FINN WAAGSTEIN
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Abstract. Over a 9-yr period, heart transplantation was performed in 200 patients at Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Of these 200 patients, 151 were followed for 1 to 9 yr with regard to renal function, hemodynamics, cyclosporin A concentrations, and complications. Patients with a preoperative serum creatinine &gt;130 μmol/L received inotropic drugs to test for reversibility of renal dysfunction. The end point was graft failure. The average preoperative GFR of 66 ± 17 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 declined to 52 ± 19, 44 ± 16, and 37 ± 17 at 1, 5, and 9 yr after heart transplantation, respectively. Altogether, the average GFR declined by 44%. There was no significant correlation between the preoperative GFR and postoperative renal function or survival. Recipient age was a predictor of renal function during the entire follow-up. Severe renal dysfunction (GFR &lt;20 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ) developed in 20% of the patients, which was predicted by the recipient age at transplantation together with the GFR 1 yr after transplantation. A nomogram that shows the risk of developing severe renal dysfunction after heart transplantation is presented. Cyclosporin A concentrations and treatment with statins, calcium channel blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors did not correlate with the evolution of renal function. Patients with a preoperative depressed renal function who improved on inotropic treatment seemed to have a poorer outcome compared with the other study patients.
Antiviral prophylaxis in patients with haematological malignancies and solid tumours: Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Oncology (DGHO)
Authors: M. Sandherr, H. Einsele, H. Hebart, C. Kahl, W. Kern, M. Kiehl, G. Massenkeil, O. Penack, X. Schiel, S. Schuettrumpf, A.J. Ullmann, O.A. Cornely
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2006)