tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Sensitivity of Hematopoietic Colony-Forming Cells in Different Proliferative States to Vinblastine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F A Valeriote, W R Bruce
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

The survival of normal hematopoietic colony-forming cells in different proliferative states after exposure to vinblastine in vivowas measured and compared. Rapidly proliferating, exponential phase cells, and slowly proliferating, transitional phase cells were obtained from the femoral marrows of mice irradiated and then subsequently given 5 × 106 normal bone marrow cells. Exponential phase colony-forming cells were much more sensitive to the action of the drug than were either normal or transitional phase cells. This was true both when the survival was measured as a function of dose for a 24-hour exposure and when it was measured as a function of time for a constant large dose of the drug. The results support the suggestion that the difference between the sensitivity of normal hematopoietic and rapidly proliferating lymphoma colony-forming cells to vinblastine can in part at least be explained on the basis of differences between their proliferative states.
Cytokine Treatment Improves Parenchymal and Vascular Damage of Salivary Glands after Irradiation
Authors: Isabelle M.A. Lombaert, Jeanette F. Brunsting, Pieter K. Wierenga, Harm H. Kampinga, Gerald de Haan, Robert P. Coppes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: During radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, co-irradiation (IR) of salivary glands results in acute and often lifelong hyposalivation. Recently, we showed that bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) can partially facilitate postradiation regeneration of the mouse submandibular gland. In this study, we investigate whether optimized mobilization of BMCs can further facilitate regeneration of radiation-damaged salivary glands. Experimental Design: Salivary glands of mice reconstituted with eGFP+ bone marrow cells were irradiated with a single dose of 15 Gy. One month later, BMCs were mobilized using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or the combination of FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand, stem cell factor, and G-CSF (termed F/S/G) as mobilizing agents. Salivary gland function and morphology were evaluated at 90 days post-IR by measuring the saliva flow rate, the number of acinar cells, and the functionality of the vasculature. Results: Compared with G-CSF alone, the combined F/S/G treatment mobilized a 10-fold higher number and different types of BMCs to the bloodstream and increased the number of eGFP+ cells in the irradiated submandibular gland from 49% to 65%. Both treatments reduced radiation-induced hyposalivation from almost nothing in the untreated group to ∼20% of normal amount. Surprisingly, however, F/S/G treatment resulted in significant less damage to submandibular blood vessels and induced BMC-derived neovascularization. Conclusions: Post-IR F/S/G treatment facilitates regeneration of the submandibular gland and ameliorates vascular damage. The latter is partly due to BMCs differentiating in vascular cells but is likely to also result from direct stimulation of existing blood vessel cells.
High-affinity insulin binding to an atypical insulin-like growth factor-I receptor in human breast cancer cells.
Authors: G Milazzo, C C Yip, B A Maddux, R Vigneri, I D Goldfine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We studied the nature of insulin receptor binding in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In both intact cells and solubilized receptor preparations, high-affinity insulin binding was seen. However, unlabeled insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was five-fold more potent in inhibiting 125I-insulin binding than insulin itself. With monoclonal antibodies to the insulin receptor, 30% of 125I-insulin binding was inhibited. In contrast when alpha-IR3, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes typical IGF-I receptor, was employed over 60% of 125I-insulin binding was inhibited. The B29-MAB-125I-insulin photoprobe was then cross-linked to MCF-7 membranes. Cross-linking was inhibited by both unlabeled insulin and IGF-I. Further, the B29-MAB-125I-insulin photoprobe cross-linked to MCF-7 membranes was strongly immunoprecipitated by alpha-IR3. Employing sequential affinity chromatography with insulin-Affi-gel followed by insulin receptor monoclonal antibody agarose, atypical insulin binding activity was separated from insulin receptor binding activity. This atypical receptor had intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. Both insulin and IGF-I stimulated the phosphorylation of the receptor's beta subunit. In MCF-7 cells both IGF-I and insulin stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation; alpha-IR3 blocked all of the IGF-I effect but only 50-60% of the insulin effect. This study demonstrates in MCF-7 cells that, in addition to typical insulin and IGF-I receptors, there is another receptor that binds both insulin and IGF-I with high affinity.
Characterization of a Novel Human Natural Killer-Cell Line (NK-YS) Established From Natural Killer Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
Authors: Junjiro Tsuchiyama, Tadashi Yoshino, Masaharu Mori, Eisaku Kondoh, Takeshi Oka, Tadaatsu Akagi, Akio Hiraki, Hiroyuki Nakayama, Akira Shibuya, Yuxiang Ma, Teruyuki Kawabata, Shigeru Okada, Mine Harada
Journal: Blood (1998)
A Psychiatric Follow-Up Study of "Normal" Adults
Authors: MORTON BEISER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The author describes a study designed to assess stability and change in mental health over a five-year period, using 123 subjects chosen from the larger Stirling County survey sample. The results showed: 1) a tendency toward stabilization of mental health status, and 2) when there was change, it was usually in the direction of recovery. The subjects were grouped into four main types of mental health status; the differences among the groups in demographic characteristics and psychological attributes are described.
Application of DSM-5 Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder to Three Samples of Children With DSM-IV Diagnoses of Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Authors: Marisela Huerta, Somer L. Bishop, Amie Duncan, Vanessa Hus, Catherine Lord
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Applying the latest proposed DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to parent-reported symptoms yielded an ASD diagnosis for 91% of 4,453 children previously given DSM-IV clinical diagnoses of pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs)—autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, or PDD not otherwise specified. This rate is substantially higher than the rate in the DSM-5 field trial, which used the first draft of the criteria.
Identification of a new human coronavirus
Authors: Lia van der Hoek, Krzysztof Pyrc, Maarten F Jebbink, Wilma Vermeulen-Oost, Ron J M Berkhout, Katja C Wolthers, Pauline M E Wertheim-van Dillen, Jos Kaandorp, Joke Spaargaren, Ben Berkhout
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)

Three human coronaviruses are known to exist: human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), HCoV-OC43 and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Here we report the identification of a fourth human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, using a new method of virus discovery. The virus was isolated from a 7-month-old child suffering from bronchiolitis and conjunctivitis. The complete genome sequence indicates that this virus is not a recombinant, but rather a new group 1 coronavirus. The in vitro host cell range of HCoV-NL63 is notable because it replicates on tertiary monkey kidney cells and the monkey kidney LLC-MK2 cell line. The viral genome contains distinctive features, including a unique N-terminal fragment within the spike protein. Screening of clinical specimens from individuals suffering from respiratory illness identified seven additional HCoV-NL63-infected individuals, indicating that the virus was widely spread within the human population.
Methotrexate and temozolomide versus methotrexate, procarbazine, vincristine, and cytarabine for primary CNS lymphoma in an elderly population: an intergroup ANOCEF-GOELAMS randomised phase 2 trial
Authors: Antonio Omuro, Olivier Chinot, Luc Taillandier, Hervé Ghesquieres, Carole Soussain, Vincent Delwail, Thierry Lamy, Rémy Gressin, Sylvain Choquet, Pierre Soubeyran, Aymeri Huchet, Alexandra Benouaich-Amiel, Sophie Lebouvier-Sadot, Emmanuel Gyan, Valérie Touitou, Maryline Barrié, Monica Sierra del Rio, Alberto Gonzalez-Aguilar, Caroline Houillier, Daniel Delgadillo, Lucette Lacomblez, Marie Laure Tanguy, Khê Hoang-Xuan
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase: Maintaining Energy Homeostasis at the Cellular and Whole-Body Levels
Authors: D. Grahame Hardie
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2014)

The adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway arose early during evolution of eukaryotic cells, when it appears to have been involved in the response to glucose starvation and perhaps also in monitoring the output of the newly acquired mitochondria. Due to the advent of hormonal regulation of glucose homeostasis, glucose starvation is a less frequent event for mammalian cells than for single-celled eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the AMPK system has been preserved in mammals where, by monitoring cellular AMP:adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP):ATP ratios and balancing the rates of catabolism and ATP consumption, it maintains energy homeostasis at a cell-autonomous level. In addition, hormones involved in maintaining energy balance at the whole-body level interact with AMPK in the hypothalamus. AMPK is activated by two widely used clinical drugs, metformin and aspirin, and also by many natural products of plants that are either derived from traditional medicines or are promoted as “nutraceuticals.”
Comparison of Outcomes After Fluorouracil-Based Adjuvant Therapy for Stages II and III Colon Cancer Between 1978 to 1995 and 1996 to 2007: Evidence of Stage Migration From the ACCENT Database
Authors: Qian Shi, Thierry Andre, Axel Grothey, Greg Yothers, Stanley R. Hamilton, Brian M. Bot, Daniel G. Haller, Eric Van Cutsem, Chris Twelves, Jacqueline K. Benedetti, Michael J. O'Connell, Daniel J. Sargent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

With improved patient care, better diagnosis, and more treatment options after tumor recurrence, outcomes after fluorouracil (FU) -based treatment are expected to have improved over time in early-stage colon cancer. Data from 18,449 patients enrolled onto 21 phase III trials conducted from 1978 to 2002 were evaluated for potential differences in time to recurrence (TTR), time from recurrence to death (TRD), and overall survival (OS) with regard to FU-based adjuvant regimens.Trials were predefined as old versus newer era using initial accrual before or after 1995. Outcomes were compared between patients enrolled onto old- or newer-era trials, stratified by stage.Within the first 3 years, recurrence rates were lower in newer- versus old-era trials for patients with stage II disease, with no differences among those with stage III disease. Both TRD and OS were significantly longer in newer-era trials overall and within each stage. The lymph node (LN) ratio (ie, number of positive nodes divided by total nodes harvested) in those with stage III disease declined over time. TTR improved slightly, with larger number of LNs examined in both stages.Improved TRD in newer trials supports the premise that more aggressive intervention (oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy and/or surgery for recurrent disease) improves OS for patients previously treated in the adjuvant setting. Lower recurrence rates with identical treatments in those with stage II disease enrolled onto newer-era trials reflect stage migration over time, calling into question historical data related to the benefit of FU-based adjuvant therapy in such patients.
Pathway and gene-set activation measurement from mRNA expression data: the tissue distribution of human pathways.
Authors: David M Levine, David R Haynor, John C Castle, Sergey B Stepaniants, Matteo Pellegrini, Mao Mao, Jason M Johnson
Journal: Genome biology (2006)

Interpretation of lists of genes or proteins with altered expression is a critical and time-consuming part of microarray and proteomics research, but relatively little attention has been paid to methods for extracting biological meaning from these output lists. One powerful approach is to examine the expression of predefined biological pathways and gene sets, such as metabolic and signaling pathways and macromolecular complexes. Although many methods for measuring pathway expression have been proposed, a systematic analysis of the performance of multiple methods over multiple independent data sets has not previously been reported.Five different measures of pathway expression were compared in an analysis of nine publicly available mRNA expression data sets. The relative sensitivity of the metrics varied greatly across data sets, and the biological pathways identified for each data set are also dependent on the choice of pathway activation metric. In addition, we show that removing incoherent pathways prior to analysis improves specificity. Finally, we create and analyze a public map of pathway expression in human tissues by gene-set analysis of a large compendium of human expression data.We show that both the detection sensitivity and identity of pathways significantly perturbed in a microarray experiment are highly dependent on the analysis methods used and how incoherent pathways are treated. Analysts should thus consider using multiple approaches to test the robustness of their biological interpretations. We also provide a comprehensive picture of the tissue distribution of human gene pathways and a useful public archive of human pathway expression data.
Dopamine-Induced Alterations in Left Ventricular Performance
Authors: WILLIAM L. BLACK, ELLIS L. ROLETT
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Left ventricular responses to dopamine infusion of 1 to 5, 8, and 10 µg/kg per min for 30 minutes were studied in 14 anesthetized intact dogs. Cardiac output (dye dilution) and stroke volume increased progressively while the end diastolic volume (thermodilution) remained constant, signifying more complete ventricular ejection and resulting in a progressive decline in end systolic volume. Heart rate remained unchanged as did aortic mean pressure, but in the presence of a greatly increased systemic blood flow, the calculated peripheral vascular resistance declined progressively. A linear dose-dependent increase in both systolic ejection rate and circumferential shortening rate suggested directionally similar changes in myocardial fiber shortening. Isovolumic contraction was characterized by a marked increase in the peak velocity of left ventricular pressure rise and presumably in the velocity of force generation without change in the maximum pre-ejection force. These results indicate that dopamine increased myocardial contractility. At these infusion doses dopamine differs from norepinephrine and isoproterenol in causing little change in systemic blood pressure or heart rate in the intact dog. The steady heart rate, stable blood pressure, and constant end diastolic volume suggest that the inotropic response to dopamine administration was due to a direct myocardial action which was otherwise unmodified by the preload or afterload of ventricular contraction.
Ciprofloxacin and long-term prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a prospective controlled trial*1
Authors: Alain Rolachon, Laurent Cordier, Yannick Bacq, Jean-Baptiste Nousbaum, Anne Franza, Jean-Claude Paris, Serge Fratte, Benoit Bohn, Pascal Kitmacher, Jean-Paul Stahl, Jean-Pierre Zarski
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this prospective double-blind study was to evaluate the value of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis using ciprofloxacin for the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in 60 cirrhotic patients with low ascitic fluid protein levels (<15 g/L). The patients were assigned to two groups: group I (n = 28) ciprofloxacin 750 mg per os once a week for 6 months, group II (n = 32) placebo. The two groups were similar for clinical and laboratory characteristics. Twelve patients developed an intercurrent disorder, and 10 patients died during the trial. There were no adverse effects in the treated group. There was a significant decrease in the incidence of SBP (3.6 vs. 22%) (P < .05) and duration of hospitalization (9.3 ± 4.5 vs. 17.6 ± 6.2 days) (P < .05) in the treated group as compared with the placebo group. The bacteriological study showed no acquired resistance to ciprofloxacin after 6 months' treatment. These results suggest that long-term preventive antibiotic prophylaxis based on the weekly administration of 750 mg of ciprofloxacin is effective in the prevention of SBP in cirrhotic patients.
Partially mismatched pediatric transplants with allogeneic CD34^+ blood cells from a related donor
Authors: Yoshifumi Kawano, Yoichi Takaue, Arata Watanabe, Osamu Takeda, Kohji Arai, Etsuro Itoh, Yuhju Ohno, Takanori Teshima, Mine Harada, Tsutomu Watanabe, Yasuhiro Okamoto, Takanori Abe, Teruyuki Kajiume, Takeji Matsushita, Kazuma Ikeda, Mikiya Endo, Yasuhiro Kuroda, Shigetaka Asano, Ryuji Tanosaki, Ken Yamaguchi, Ping Law, John D. McMannis
Journal: Blood (1998)
Integrin α5β1 Promotes Survival of Growth-Arrested Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Reju Korah, Monika Boots, Robert Wieder
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The mechanisms of long-term survival of occult breast cancer cells in the bone marrow microenvironment are not known. Using selected bone marrow stromal components with demonstrated roles in promoting growth arrest and survival of breast cancer cells, we reconstituted an in vitro model for dormancy of breast cancer cells in bone marrow. According to this model, basic fibroblast growth factor, a mammary differentiation factor abundant in the bone marrow stroma, induces growth arrest of relatively well-differentiated breast cancer cells, induces a spread appearance, and restricts their survival to fibronectin by up-regulating integrin α5β1. Most of the basic fibroblast growth factor-arrested cells fail to establish optimal ligation to fibronectin and undergo cell death. Cells that do attach to fibronectin, another major constituent of the bone marrow microenvironment, stay alive and growth-arrested for many weeks. Although capable of adhering to other stromal proteins collagen and laminin, dormant cells do not gain a survival advantage from these interactions. Using function-blocking peptides, we show a specific contribution of α5β1-fibronectin interaction in maintaining survival of growth-arrested cells, potentially by negatively modulating apoptotic response via signaling pathways. Blocking of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and Akt inhibits survival of dormant clones, demonstrating this as one of those pathways. Experiments with human bone marrow stroma cocultures confirm the role of fibronectin ligation in maintaining survival of dormant clones.
Hormonal regulation of lipolysis and phosphorylase activity in human fat cells
Authors: Jay Moskowitz, John N. Fain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) at a concentration of 1 ng/ml antagonized theophylline, and norepinephrine induced release of glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) in human fat cell preparations. Insulin at higher doses also inhibited theophylline-stimulated lipolysis. The N6-2-0′dibutyryl derivative of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (DCAMP) stimulated lipolysis. Prostaglandin E1 did not significantly inhibit the lipid mobilizing effects of DCAMP. Changes in glycogen phosphorylase activity after treatment with theophylline, norepinephrine, DCAMP, and PGE1 paralleled those of lipolysis. These results suggest that in man as in experimental animals lipolysis and phosphorylase activity are regulated through processes involving cyclic AMP and that PGE1 appears to exert its antilipolytic effect in human fat cells, as in rat fat cells, by interfering at the level of adenyl cyclase with the accumulation of cyclic AMP.
Overseas Screening for Tuberculosis in U.S.-Bound Immigrants and Refugees
Authors: Yecai Liu, Michelle S. Weinberg, Luis S. Ortega, John A. Painter, Susan A. Maloney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In 2007, a total of 57.8% of the 13,293 new cases of tuberculosis in the United States were diagnosed in foreign-born persons, and the tuberculosis rate among foreign-born persons was 9.8 times as high as that among U.S.-born persons (20.6 vs. 2.1 cases per 100,000 population). Annual arrivals of approximately 400,000 immigrants and 50,000 to 70,000 refugees from overseas are likely to contribute substantially to the tuberculosis burden among foreign-born persons in the United States.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects information on overseas screening for tuberculosis among U.S.-bound immigrants and refugees, along with follow-up evaluation after their arrival in the United States. We analyzed screening and follow-up data from the CDC to study the epidemiology of tuberculosis in these populations.From 1999 through 2005, a total of 26,075 smear-negative cases of tuberculosis (i.e., cases in which a chest radiograph was suggestive of active tuberculosis but sputum smears were negative for acid-fast bacilli on 3 consecutive days) and 22,716 cases of inactive tuberculosis (i.e., cases in which a chest radiograph was suggestive of tuberculosis that was no longer clinically active) were diagnosed by overseas medical screening of 2,714,223 U.S.-bound immigrants, representing prevalences of 961 cases per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval [CI], 949 to 973) and 837 cases per 100,000 persons (95% CI, 826 to 848), respectively. Among 378,506 U.S.-bound refugees, smear-negative tuberculosis was diagnosed in 3923 and inactive tuberculosis in 10,743, representing prevalences of 1036 cases per 100,000 persons (95% CI, 1004 to 1068) and 2838 cases per 100,000 persons (95% CI, 2785 to 2891), respectively. Active pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in the United States in 7.0% of immigrants and refugees with an overseas diagnosis of smear-negative tuberculosis and in 1.6% of those with an overseas diagnosis of inactive tuberculosis.Overseas screening for tuberculosis with follow-up evaluation after arrival in the United States is a high-yield intervention for identifying tuberculosis in U.S.-bound immigrants and refugees and could reduce the number of tuberculosis cases among foreign-born persons in the United States.