tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1.66 CXCL4 and CXCL7 expression on macrophages: a potential predictor of disease outcome in patients presenting with early synovitis?
Authors: Nichola J Adlard, Lorraine Yeo, Deborah L Hardie, Holly Adams, Maria Juarez, Christopher D Buckley, Karim Raza, Andrew Filer, Dagmar Scheel-Toellner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Within the context of a comprehensive study of the pathology of the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) we compared cytokine mRNA expression in the synovium of patients with early inflammatory arthritis who later progressed to rheumatoid arthritis with that of patients with a resolving disease course. Interestingly, we found a trend towards higher expression of platelet related chemokines CXCL4 and CXCL7 mRNA in early RA synovium. We therefore investigated CXCL4 and CXCL7 expression at the protein level and its co-localisation with platelets, macrophages and blood vessels. <h3>Methods</h3> Synovial tissue biopsies were obtained from treatment naïve patients presenting with at least one clinically swollen joint within the first 12 weeks of symptom onset. Patients who went on to develop RA (according to the 1987 ACR criteria) at an 18 month follow-up (n = 8), as well as patients whose arthritis spontaneously resolved (n = 9) were included. In addition, biopsies collected from longer duration (&gt; 12 weeks) treatment naïve RA patients (n = 10) and patients with mechanical symptoms undergoing knee arthroscopy without obvious signs of inflammation were included as controls (n = 7). Synovial tissue sections were stained with antibodies specific to CXCL4 or CXCL7, CD41, CD68 and vWF using immunofluorescence and staining was quantified using Zeiss imaging software. Specificity of CXCL7 staining was confirmed by blocking with recombinant cytokine. <h3>Results</h3> We observed a statistically significant increase of CXCL4 and CXCL7 protein expression in patients with early RA when compared to early resolvers (CXCL4 p = 0.036, CXCL7 p = 0.011). This increase reflected a transient stage of early disease, as in treatment-naïve patients with more than 12 weeks disease duration the expression level of these chemokines was found at levels comparable to non-inflamed synovium. Both CXCL4 and CXCL7 co-localised with blood vessels, platelets and CD68<sup>+</sup> macrophages within the synovial tissue. However, only staining found outside blood vessels, which co-localised largely with CD68 as a marker for macrophages, differed between synovium from patients with resolving, early and established arthritis (CXCL4 p = 0.063, CXCL7 p = 0.028). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We have identified two chemokines, CXCL4 and CXCL7, that are expressed at higher levels on macrophages during a transient phase in early RA. Future work will investigate whether these chemokines play a role in disease progression and/or may be used as biomarkers for prediction of disease outcome.
THE PREVENTION OF SENSORY NEURON DEGENERATION IN THE PIG, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE RÔLE OF VARIOUS LIVER FRACTIONS 1
Authors: Maxwell M. Wintrobe, Cecil Mushatt, Joseph L. Miller, Lawrence C. Kolb, Harold J. Stein, Hermann Lisco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1942)

In previous reports (1, 2) a description was given of abnormal gait and degeneration in the nervous system which developed in pigs under certain experimental conditions.It was suggested that these effects were the result of a dietary de- ficiency and evidence was presented which indi- cated that the changes took place in spite of adequate amounts of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid or vitamin E. Inanition or mineral deficiency did not seem to play any role.It was shown that a nerve-protecting factor was present in liver and, to a lesser extent, in yeast.In an attempt to discover the nature of this protective factor or factors, further experiments have been carried out in which the basal deficient diet has been supplemented by various crude sources of accessory factors, chiefly various frac- tions of liver.More recently the newer vitamins, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid and choline have been used in conjunction with thiamin, riboflavin and nicotinic acid.It is the purpose of this report to give an account of the observations dealing with crude substances.Particular interest attaches to the nerve-protecting value of different fractions of liver, for degeneration similar to that observed in the pigs occurs in many cases of pernicious anemia in man.The fractions of liver used were those
Ultrastructure of the intracellular membranous system of rat hepatocytes in intrahepatic cholestasis induced by phalloidin
Authors: Masaru Harada, Shotaro Sakisaka, Masao Yoshitake, Satoshi Shakadoh, Kazuhisa Gondoh, Kazunori Noguchi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Michio Sata, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Reviews and Notes: Making the Patient Your Partner: Communication Skills for Doctors and Other Caregivers
Authors: Lorna Lynn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 May 1996Reviews and Notes: Making the Patient Your Partner: Communication Skills for Doctors and Other CaregiversLorna Lynn, MDLorna Lynn, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-9-199605010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail T Gordon and WS Edwards. 213 pages. Westport, CT: Auburn House; 1995. $49.95. ISBN 0865692556. Order phone 800-225-5800.The past decade has brought increased research on and writing about communication between physicians and patients. For the interested, innumerable journal articles, a shelf full of texts, and various workshops and courses are available. To these resources is added this new book by Gordon and Edwards. I approached this text wondering whether it would improve on or add to what is already available. When I had finished it, I wanted to read more of the authors' works and was eager to try ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 9Page: 857KeywordsAIDSCaregiversCommunication in health careComputed axial tomographyHealth careHealth care providersHealth maintenance organizationsPatientsPsychotherapy ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Effect of Glipizide Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System on Islet Cell Hormonal Responses to a Test Meal in NIDDM
Authors: Arshag D Mooradian, Stewart G Albert, Marla Bernbaum, Sharon Plummer
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the abnormal glucagon and amylin secretions in NIDDM are secondary to hyperglycemia and relative hypoinsulinemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 13 patients with NIDDM were studied before and after treatment with glipizide gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled fashion. Of the 13 subjects, 9 were randomized to the glipizide GITS arm and 4 were randomized to the placebo arm of the study. Serum glucose, insulin, C-peptide, plasma glucagon, and plasma amylin concentrations were measured under fasting and postprandial (post-Sustacal ingestion) conditions. The Sustacal challenge was performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with either glipizide GITS or placebo. RESULTS Glipizide GITS treatment resulted in a significant reduction in hyperglycemia and increases in insulin and C-peptide secretion. Hyperglucagonemia was not ameliorated, and amylin secretion was not altered after glipizide GITS treatment. Placebo-treated patients did not show significant changes in any of the parameters measured. CONCLUSIONS Glipizide GITS treatment failed to ameliorate the hyperglucagonemia of NIDDM and did not alter amylin secretion even though it increased insulin secretion and significantly ameliorated the hyperglycemia. These observations suggest that NIDDM related abnormalities in some of the islet cell hormonal responses are the result of changes inherent in the islet cells and may be independent of hyperglycemia and relative hypoinsulinemia.
Principles of Physical Medicine.--I
Authors: B. Kiernander
Journal: BMJ (1951)

Remedial exercises have an important place in general practice, as there is now an increasing tendency for the active rehabilitation of patients.It is an advantage, therefore, if the general practitioner can advise his patients on what are appropriate exercises for them to perform.A great deal of time can be saved in convalescence by correct rehabili-tation.The day when passive physio- therapy was the mainstay of treatment has passed, and active exercises are now regarded as much the most important part of rehabilitation; other methods are only ancillary.This must be impressed on the patient at all times.He must be made to learn that by his own efforts he can return to normality, and that the onus of doing so lies largely on his own shoulders; the part of the physiotherapist is only to supervise and teach the appro- priate exercises, under the direction of the medical practitioner.The slogan of a successful physiotherapy department should be " active movements of the mind and body of the right sort at the right moment," and this is particularly applicable to the cases dealt with by the general practitioner.I have included the expres- sion of " mind and body " in that order intentionally, as a correct attitude to recovery is even more important than the carrying out of exercises.
A POU Domain Transcription Factor–Dependent Program Regulates Axon Pathfinding in the Vertebrate Visual System
Authors: Linda Erkman, Paul A. Yates, Todd McLaughlin, Robert J. McEvilly, Thomas Whisenhunt, Shawn M. O'Connell, Anna I. Krones, Michael A. Kirby, David H. Rapaport, John R. Bermingham, Dennis D.M. O'Leary, Michael G. Rosenfeld
Journal: Neuron (2000)
Oral Pigmentation in McCune-Albright Syndrome
Authors: Dominique C. Pichard, Alison M. Boyce, Michael T. Collins, Edward W. Cowen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

The differential diagnosis for oral lentigines includes several syndromes with important associated systemic findings. McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS), a mosaic condition associated with café au lait pigmentation, is not typically considered a mucosal lentiginosis syndrome. The clinical phenotype of MAS is variable because of mosaicism, but oral pigmentation developing in mid-childhood to early adulthood should be recognized as a clinical feature of MAS.We present 4 patients with MAS who developed oral mucosal pigmentation during childhood or early adulthood. All patients had other characteristic findings of MAS including hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, and café au lait pigmentation.Oral pigmentation is an underrecognized finding in MAS and presents later in development compared with the other mucosal lentiginosis syndromes. The diagnosis of MAS is most commonly a clinical diagnosis because mutational analysis is challenging in mosaic conditions. Expanding the cutaneous phenotype to include oral pigmentation further characterizes the clinical findings in this mosaic condition, broadens the differential diagnosis of syndromes with oral pigmentation, and in some cases may aid in earlier diagnosis of MAS.
Pulmonologists and respiratory intensive care
Authors: C Roussos, A Rossi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

In several countries, particularly North America, inten-sive care medicine is closely linked to pulmonology. Thecurriculum of pulmonologists in training has an obliga-tory period in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). In mostEuropean countries, pulmonologists do not have any roleor have only a very small role in the treatment of severefailure of the lung and thoracic pump, which is their fieldof specialization. More importantly, in Europe in the 4yrs of training needed to become a European Community(EC) certified pulmonologist, a period in the ICU is notincluded. This is to say that a general physician canbecome a pulmonologist without having been exposedto the complex procedures [1] and problems [2] leadingto the diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and managementof patients with severe respiratory failure.The fact that pulmonologists are not exposed to res-piratory intensive care problems has important and mul-tifactorial implications. Firstly, fundamental exposure tothe pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory diseasesis missed. Secondly, early exposure to critical care prob-lems would allow pulmonologists to consider the possi-bilities of following a career in respiratory intensive care.Thus, in addition to educational benefits, such exposuremight open up new horizons for young pulmonologists.In our view, therefore, it is essential that, in the future,an effort should be made to ensure that the curriculumof new pulmonologists includes the experience of step-down or intermediate care units or chronic home ven-tilatory assistance for chronic respiratory failure, whichcould help to reduce the general ICU cost [3–5]. In thesesettings, experienced pneumologists/intensivists have andshould play an important role.The European Respiratory Society (ERS) has a spe-cial interest in increasing the involvement of pulmo-nologists in intensive care medicine. Efforts are beingmade by the Scientific Assembly of Respiratory IntensiveCare to promote this discipline during ERS Congresses,as well as by institution of task forces and interactionwith the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine(ESICM) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Inaddition to those efforts, the European Respiratory Journalhas created a new series on Clinical Physiology inRespiratory Intensive Care, which begins in this issueof the Journal. In this series, a number of review arti-cles from internationally recognized experts will be pub-lished covering many aspects of the pathophysiologyinvolved in respiratory intensive care medicine, with par-ticular attention to clinical applications.We hope that this series will be highly educational andwill also promote the interest of pulmonologists in inten-sive care medicine.
An unusual clinical pattern of cutaneous metastasis: target-like lesions
Authors: O. Dereure, J-J. Guilhou, B. Guillot
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article An unusual clinical pattern of cutaneous metastasis: target‐like lesions Get access O. Dereure, O. Dereure Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34265 Montpellier cedex 5, France O.Dereure. E‐mail: ofdereure@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐J. Guilhou, J‐J. Guilhou Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34265 Montpellier cedex 5, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Guillot B. Guillot Department of Dermatology‐Phlebology, Hôpital Saint‐Eloi, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34265 Montpellier cedex 5, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 2, 1 February 2003, Page 361, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.04982.x Published: 01 February 2003 Article history Accepted: 19 April 2002 Published: 01 February 2003
The complexities of predictive genetic testing
Authors: James P Evans, Cécile Skrzynia, Wylie Burke
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<b><i>Article abstract</i></b> A controlled prospective study was conducted to determine whether thyroid disorders are present with increased frequency in patients with MS. We found that thyroid disorders were at least three times more common in women with MS than in female controls. This was accounted for mainly by the prevalence of hypothyroidism among the female MS patients. Because hypothyroidism is usually due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, its association with MS may support the hypothesis of autoimmune pathogenesis for MS. Our findings might have therapeutic implications because interferon treatment can induce antithyroid antibodies and thyroiditis.
Anemia Induced by Amphotericin B
Authors: Michael W. Brandriss, Sheldon M. Wolff, Russell Moores, Frederick Stohlman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The frequency, type, and mechanism of the anemia caused by amphotericin B were studied in 30 patients with systemic fungal disease who received 37 courses of intravenous therapy. A decrease in hematocrit of 11 units or more was seen during 28 of the 37 courses. The anemia was normocytic, normochromic, and was not accompanied by reticulocytosis or erythroid hyperplasia. Red cell survival studies in five patients indicated that the rate of hemolysis was not affected by amphotericin administration. We concluded that the anemia was caused by suppression of red cell production by amphotericin imposed on mild preexisting hemolysis due to the systemic infection. The anemia was self-limited and return of the hematocrit to normal occurred in all but three cases after discontinuation of therapy.
A168: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus In-Hospital Mortality Risk Across Ages: A National Estimate
Authors: Erica F. Lawson, Laura Trupin, Aimee O. Hersh, Emily von Scheven, Edward H. Yelin, Jinoos Yazdany
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality rates in the U.S. have improved dramatically over the past 50 years, with estimated 5-year survival rates in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) increasing from  95%. However, current mortality risk for hospitalized individuals with SLE across all age groups has not been described. The goal of this study was to assess mortality risk among hospitalized children and adults with SLE, and to compare these rates to age- and sex-specific all-cause mortality, using a nationwide hospital discharge dataset.



Methods:

Data derive from the 2011 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest all-payer inpatient health care database in the United States. The NIS contains all discharge data from more than 1,000 hospitals, which approximates a 20 percent stratified sample of all U.S. acute-care non-federal hospitals, including children's hospitals. All hospitalizations of non-pregnant individuals age 5 years and older were included in the analysis. Lupus hospitalizations were identified by a discharge ICD-9 diagnosis code of 710.0. We calculated age-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare the risk of all-cause in-hospital mortality among individuals with SLE to the risk of in-hospital mortality among all patients.



Results:

A total of 6,157,972 hospitalizations were included in the analysis, of which 39,635 carried a discharge diagnosis of SLE. Lupus hospitalizations included 242 hospitalizations of children age 5–14, 2,225 hospitalizations of youth age 15–24, and 4,610 hospitalizations of young adults age 25–34. Hospitalized individuals with SLE were younger (mean age 52 v. 61 years), more likely to be female (89% v. 53%), and less likely to be white (52% v. 71%). Among 148,507 deaths in the total sample, 709 carried a discharge diagnosis of SLE. There were no deaths among hospitalized children with SLE age 5–14, 14 deaths among youth age 15–24, and 54 deaths among young adults age 25–34. The SMR for hospitalizations of individuals with SLE was highest for ages 25–34 (2.3, 95% CI 1.7–3.0, Figure 1), followed by ages 15–24 (1.65, 95% CI 0.9–2.78), and 35–44 (1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.9). Adults 45 or older with SLE did not have significantly elevated mortality risk. 



Conclusion:

In this large national dataset, there were no in-hospital deaths among children under age 15 with SLE, which supports previous findings that mortality rates in childhood-onset SLE have improved significantly. However, across all ages, young adults with SLE had the greatest excess mortality risk. It is not known whether these young adults have recent-onset SLE, or longstanding cSLE. Further work is needed to unravel whether this excess mortality results from disease severity, disease damage, poor health care transitions or other factors.
The role of potassium and sodium-calcium exchange currents in the action potential durations of normal Purkinje fibres and Purkinje fibres surviving infarction
Authors: ANTOINE BRIL, RICKY Y K MAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Ventricular arrhythmias following myocardial infarction may originate from subendocardial Purkinje fibres in the infarcted area. The role of potassium and sodium-calcium exchange currents on action potential duration was therefore investigated in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction and in normal Purkinje fibres. Barium was used to reduce potassium conductance and replacement of sodium chloride by lithium chloride was used to reduce the sodium-calcium exchange current. Barium (1 × 10−5 to 3 × 10−5 M) produced a concentration dependent lengthening of action potential duration in normal Purkinje fibres but these concentrations had no effect in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction. The resting membrane potential, activation voltage, amplitude and max were decreased in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction and in barium treated fibres v normal Purkinje fibres. These results show that action potential characteristics of barium treated normal Purkinje fibres closely resemble those seen in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction. A similar reduction of action potential duration was seen in normal Purkinje fibres, fibres surviving infarction and barium treated fibres when the sodium "window" current was decreased by lignocaine. Without any effect on the max, the replacement of sodium chloride by lithium chloride resulted in a similar effect on the action potential duration in normal Purkinje fibres and fibres surviving infarction. The results show that the longer action potential duration found in Purkinje fibres surviving infarction can be explained by a decrease of the potassium conductance and not by an increase of the sodium "window" current or the sodium-calcium exchange current.
A high-efficiency, low-toxicity, phospholipids-based phase separation gel for long-term delivery of peptides
Authors: Ting Zhang, Qiang Peng, Feng-Ying San, Jing-Wen Luo, Meng-Xin Wang, Wen-Qi Wu, Tao Gong, Zhi-Rong Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Sensitivity of Routine Clinical Criteria for Diagnosing Myocardial Infarction Within 24 Hours of Hospitalization
Authors: THOMAS H. LEE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Myocardial infarction was diagnosed in 431 (30%) of 1460 patients with acute chest pain who had serial enzyme testing after admission to intensive or intermediate care units at three teaching and three community hospitals. The diagnosis was made within 12 hours of admission in 331 (77%) patients and within 24 hours in 415 (96%). Of the 16 patients with myocardial infarction who did not have enzyme abnormalities within 24 hours, 9 (56%) had recurrent ischemic pain during this 24-hour period. Of 451 patients who had neither enzyme abnormalities nor recurrent ischemic pain in the first 24 hours, only 7 (2%) ultimately met diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction. These findings were prospectively validated in an independent testing set of 275 patients with myocardial infarction, 271 (99%) of whom either met diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction or had recurrent ischemic pain within 24 hours of admission. These data suggest that 24 hours is nearly always a sufficient period to exclude myocardial infarction in patients without recurrent chest pain.