tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intestinal Perfusion in Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: BENJAMIN BLATTBERG, CARLOS MALDONADO, MATTHEW N. LEVY, Bosa M. Scott
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

Dogs were bled to a mean arterial pressure of 35 mm. Hg and maintained at this level for 4 to 5 hours, or until 40 per cent of their maximum bleeding volume was taken back spontaneously. When the superior mesenteric artery was autoperfused at normal rates with arterial blood, only 2 of 22 animals survived. On the other hand, when a donor animal was included in the perfusion system, a significantly higher (P=0.03) fraction survived (5 out of 14). If the removed blood was not reinfused as soon as 40 per cent of the maximum bleeding volume was taken back but the hypertensive period was maintained for a full 5 hours, then only 1 dog out of 9 survived as long as 35 hours, despite the fact that all 9 dogs in this group were given additional transfusions equal to the "take-up" volume.
BOUND COMPLEMENT AND IMMUNOLOGIC INJURY OF BLOOD VESSELS
Authors: Peter A. Ward, Charles G. Cochrane
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

Rats and guinea pigs were depleted of complement (C') by treatment with heat aggregated human gamma-globulin (agg HGG), zymosan, anti-beta1C globulin, and carrageenan. Although antigen and antibody were bound to vascular structures, Arthus reactions were inhibited. This inhibition was characterized by the lack of C' binding to walls of vessels, the lack of polymorphonuclear (PMN's) cellular infiltrates, and the lack of significant vascular damage. When the same animals were followed for several hours thereafter, levels of serum C' began to rise, C' was bound in tissues, PMN infiltrates appeared, and immunologic vasculitis developed. Blood counts, chemotaxis of PMN's induced by lysates of PMN granules, together with studies on motility and phagocytosis by PMN's obtained from C' depleted rats, failed to establish any abnormality in these cells which would account for inhibition of Arthus reactions. The specificity of C' depletion in terms of effects in the first four reacting components of guinea pig C' was studied. Treatment with agg HGG led to loss of activity in all components, whereas zymosan and anti-beta1C globulin predominately affected the third component (C'3c). Carrageenan mainly affected the first two reacting components of C'. Thus, the availability of the 3c component, or a subsequently reacting component, correlated with the attraction of PMN's to immune reactants in vivo. Various antibodies with different C' fixing capacities in vitro were tested for their ability to induce immunologic vasculitis in normal animals. In rats, only those antibodies which fixed C' in vitro possessed biological activity, whereas in guinea pigs, all antibodies tested, regardless of C' fixation in vitro, induced Arthus reactions. For a given antibody in rats the vasculitis-inducing property was reflected in its ability to bind C' in vascular structures. Rats depleted of circulating PMN's by specific antibody were tested for Arthus activity. Although concentrations of immune reactants and C' were readily detected in vascular structures, no PMN infiltration occurred and significant vascular damage was averted.
The Phosphoprotein StarD10 Is Overexpressed in Breast Cancer and Cooperates with ErbB Receptors in Cellular Transformation
Authors: Monilola A. Olayioye, Peter Hoffmann, Thomas Pomorski, Jane Armes, Richard J. Simpson, Bruce E. Kemp, Geoffrey J. Lindeman, Jane E. Visvader
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract We have identified that StarD10, a member of the START protein family, is overexpressed in both mouse and human breast tumors. StarD10 was initially discovered on the basis of its cross-reactivity with a phosphoserine-specific antibody in mammary tumors from Neu/ErbB2 transgenic mice and subsequently isolated from SKBR3 human breast carcinoma cells using a multistep biochemical purification strategy. We have shown that StarD10 is capable of binding lipids. StarD10 was found to be overexpressed in 35% of primary breast carcinomas and 64% of human breast cancer cell lines, correlating with their ErbB2/Her2 status. Coexpression of StarD10 with ErbB1/epidermal growth factor receptor in murine fibroblasts enhanced anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, providing evidence for functional cooperation between StarD10 and ErbB receptor signaling. Taken together, these data suggest that overexpression of this lipid-binding protein contributes to breast oncogenesis.
Diffuse Tortuosity and Lengthening of the Arteries
Authors: ALI ERTUGRUL
Journal: Circulation (1967)

This article describes the case of a 10-year-old girl with generalized tortuosity and lengthening of all her major arteries-the carotid arteries, the aorta from the arcus to the bifurcation, and the iliac, femoral, splenic, hepatic, renal, and intercostal arteries. The condition appears to be a new entity. Pertinent abnormalities were as follows: gross pulsation of the arteries in the neck, telangiectasis of both cheeks, high palate, tortuosity of all the arteries, aortic valvular insufficiency, 1+ to 2+ capillary fragility on tourniquet test (lacet), 1+ Wassermann reaction, 4+ cephalin flocculation, and histological fragmentation of the internal elastic membrane of the arteries. Syphilis, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, mucopolysaccharidosis, and defects of amino acid metabolism were ruled out and the author concludes that the condition was most probably caused by a congenital defect of the elastic tissues of the arterial system.
Regulatory Barriers Take Some Blame For Pain Undertreatment
Authors: Hugh McIntosh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Regulatory Barriers Take Some Blame For Pain Undertreatment Get access Hugh McIntosh Hugh McIntosh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 17, 4 September 1991, Pages 1202–1204, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.17.1202 Published: 04 September 1991
Patients' self-assessment of tolerance and quality of life during docetaxel-based chemotherapy: Results from a phase III trial in hormone-naive metastatic prostate cancer patients (GETUG-AFU 15/0403).
Authors: F. Joly, G. Gravis, S. Oudard, M. Soulie, B. Esterni, C. Protiere, M. Habibian, I. Latorzeff, F. Priou, K. Fizazi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9123 Background: Two large phase III trials have demonstrated a survival benefit of docetaxel (D) in hormone-refractory prostate cancer patients (pts). D has become the standard of care in this setting. We recently evaluated the efficacy of D in hormone-naive metastatic prostate cancer (HNMPC) pts in a phase III multicenter trial. The aim of this subanalysis was to assess pts' quality of life (QoL) and toxicity of D. Methods: From 10/2004 to 12/2008, 385 pts with HNMPC were randomized between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and D: 75 mg/m2/q3w (9 cycles) (arm A) vs. ADT alone (arm B). Pts' QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30) was assessed at day 0, 3 months (M), 6M and twice a year. Toxicity was evaluated by self-assessment specific questionnaires at 3M and 6M. Results: Pts QOL scores were comparable at inclusion (participation rate: 83.1%). Out of cognitive functioning overall scores were deteriorate at M3 and M6 for arm A. At 12M, no difference in regard of global score and functional scores were observed between the two arms (participation rate: 32.6%). Dyspnea was increased in arm A (p=0.02), appetite loss decreased in arm B (p=0.02) and constipation increased in arm B (p=0.02), others symptoms were not different at 12M evaluation. Regarding pts' self-assessment toxicity: fatigue, alopecia, and taste changes were observed in more than 50% of all pts and were significantly higher in arm A (p<0.001). Sexual dysfunction, hot flushes, and weight gain were observed in more than 50% of pts with no difference between arms. Of all toxicities, sexual dysfunction reach the highest level of distress (> 33%) in both arms at 3M and 6M. Conclusions: Global QoL and functional scores were affected by the addition of docetaxel during treatment but were equivalent to ADT arm at 12 months evaluation. Self pts reported toxicity was increased in the combination of ADT + docetaxel. Sexual dysfunction, due to ADT, represented the most disturbing toxicity in both arms. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
PMO-051 Pre-operative dietary weight loss does not correlate with better post-operative outcomes from laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Authors: M Singh, J Plowright, P Super
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients considered for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) are encouraged to lose weight pre-operatively, based on the hypothesis that good pre-operative dietary weight loss correlates with a favourable post-operative outcome and allows safe surgery. This study aims to assess whether pre-operative weight loss is a true predictor of post-operative weight loss in patients who underwent LAGB for morbid obesity. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent LAGB in 2007 at our institution by a single surgeon, using actual body weight loss pre-operatively (from patient9s BMI at the bariatric surgical clinic vs their BMI on the pre-operative day) and then comparing this to their BMI at 1 and 2 years post-operatively. <h3>Results</h3> 69 patients were included in the study (M=23, F=46, M:F=1:2), with a mean age of 45.7 years (Range 19–64). The average BMI at the bariatric surgical clinic was 54.01 (Range = 38–72). The average BMI on the pre-operative day was 52.13 (Range 33–70), which reflected in a mean reduction in BMI of 1.88 (or 4.86 kg) (Range −5–19) or a mean excess percent BMI loss (EBL) of 7.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. An analysis of their 1- and 2-year post-operative weight loss compared to their weights from clinic was then performed. At 1 year post-operatively, the mean reduction in BMI was 11.1 (Range = −5–27) or an EBL of 33.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. At 2 years post-operatively, the mean reduction in BMI was 13.29 (Range = −1–35) or an EBL of 41.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Correlation between pre-operative weight loss vs weight lost at 1 and 2 years post LAGB was performed using the Spearman Rank Correlation, as the data were not normally distributed. At 1 year post-operatively, the Spearman Rank Correlation was 0.154 (95% CI −0.094 to 0.383) with a p value of 0.208 (no statistical significant correlation). At 2 years post-operatively, the Spearman Rank Correlation was 0.069 (95% CI −0.177 to 0.307) with a p value of 0.573 (no statistical significant correlation). Scatter plot graphs of individual pre-operative weight loss data vs year 1 and year 2 weight loss data confirmed there was no linear correlation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Pre-operative dietary weight loss does not correlate with better outcomes following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
The Requirement of Multimodal Therapy (Vaccine, Local Tumor Radiation, and Reduction of Suppressor Cells) to Eliminate Established Tumors
Authors: Chie Kudo-Saito, Jeffrey Schlom, Kevin Camphausen, C. Norman Coleman, James W. Hodge
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Numerous immune-based strategies are currently being evaluated for cancer therapy in preclinical models and clinical trials. Whereas many strategies look promising in preclinical models, they are often evaluated before or shortly following tumor implantation. The elimination of well-established tumors often proves elusive. Here we show that a multimodal immune-based therapy can be successfully employed to eliminate established tumors. Experimental Design: This therapy consists of vaccines directed against a self-tumor-associated antigen, the use of external beam radiation of tumors to up-regulate Fas on tumor cells, and the use of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to reduce levels of CD4+CD25+ suppressor cells. Results: We show here for the first time that (a) antigen-specific immune responses induced by vaccines were optimally augmented when anti-CD25 mAb was given at the same time as vaccination; (b) anti-CD25 mAb administration in combination with vaccines equally augmented T-cell immune responses specific for a self-antigen as well as those specific for a non–self antigen; (c) whereas the combined use of vaccines and anti-CD25 mAb enhanced antigen-specific immune responses, it was not sufficient to eliminate established tumors; (d) the addition of external beam radiation of tumors to the vaccine/anti-CD25 mAb regimen was required for the elimination of established tumors; and (e) T cells from mice receiving the combination therapy showed significantly higher T-cell responses specific not only for the antigen in the vaccine but also for additional tumor-derived antigens (p53 and gp70). Conclusions: These studies reported here support the rationale for clinical trials employing multimodal immune-based therapies.
Mapping of Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Locus <i>(PPH1)</i> to Chromosome 2q31-q32
Authors: Jane H. Morse, Alison C. Jones, Robyn J. Barst, Susan E. Hodge, Kirk C. Wilhelmsen, Torbjoern G. Nygaard
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The pathogenesis of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is unknown, although in some instances families with multiple affected members suggest a genetic etiology. Methods and Results We used microsatellite markers and linkage analysis in a large family with PPH to determine the chromosomal location of their disease gene. We tested a second, ethnically distinct, family for cosegregation of disease with markers from the linked region. We mapped the disease locus PPH1 ; GDB/HUGO designation (GDB:1381541; July 1996), approved when this work was accepted for publication in abstract form ( Circulation . 1996;94[suppl I]:I-49.), in these families to a 27-cM region on chromosome 2q31-q32, with a maximum lod score of 3.87 associated with markers D2S350 and D2S364. Conclusions Cosegregation of this region with disease in different ethnic groups suggests that we mapped an important locus in familial PPH. Careful study of additional families and sporadic cases will be required to confirm this localization of PPH1 and characterize its overall role.
Isolation of peptides useful for differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: H Saito
Journal: Gut (2003)

Phage displayed random peptide technology has been utilised to identify binding epitopes of antibodies or receptor ligands.To isolates peptides from a phage library which are specifically recognised by antibodies in serum from patients with Crohn's disease (CD).A phage displayed random peptide library composed of nine amino acids was established and sequentially screened using serum immunogloblin G obtained from CD patients.Five different CD specific peptides were isolated from the phage library. No homology in amino acid sequences was observed among four (CDP-1, -3 to -5) of the five peptides exhibiting different binding characteristics with each CD patient's serum. In contrast, two peptides (CDP-1 and -2) had similar amino acid sequences and similar binding characteristics. Four multiple antigenic peptides (MAP, CDP-1, -3 to -5) were synthesised, and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the four peptides was developed to detect serum antibodies against them. Fifty two of 92 CD patients (56.5%) were detected by ELISA, none of 20 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, only one of 25 duodenal ulcer patients, and only three of 48 healthy subjects.ELISA using the four peptides isolated in this study may be useful for the differential diagnosis of CD and UC.
Incomplete restoration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific-CD4 T cell responses despite antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Denise C. Hsu, Stephen J. Kerr, Parawee Thongpaeng, Thatri Iampornsin, Sarah L. Pett, John J. Zaunders, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Sasiwimol Ubolyam, Jintanat Ananworanich, Anthony D. Kelleher, David A. Cooper
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
High Incidence of Colonic Perforation During Colonoscopy in Hemodialysis Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Norihiro Imai, Kinichi Takeda, Teiji Kuzuya, Setsuo Utsunomiya, Hiroshi Takahashi, Hirotake Kasuga, Masami Asai, Michiko Yamada, Yutaka Tanikawa, Hidemi Goto
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
Susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: no evidence for the involvement of transforming growth factor 1 (TGFB1) gene polymorphisms
Authors: M van der Paardt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

Genetic factors are thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a key role in inflammation. Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGFB1 gene have been described: TGFB1 T869C and TGFB1 G915C.To determine whether these SNPs contribute to ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility or its disease characteristics.Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of 134 patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 194 healthy blood donors. All subjects were unrelated and of white Dutch ethnicity. The diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis was made according to the modified New York criteria. The TGFB1 T869C and TGFB1 G915C SNPs were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism haplotyping method.No significant differences were found between patients and controls in genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies or in the carrier rate of the rare alleles of the TGFB1 T869C and TGFB1 G915C SNPs.TGFB1 T869C and TGFB1 G915C SNPs are not major factors in the susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis or its disease characteristics.
Effectiveness of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine for the prevention of cervical abnormalities: case-control study nested within a population based screening programme in Australia
Authors: E. Crowe, N. Pandeya, J. M. L. Brotherton, A. J. Dobson, S. Kisely, S. B. Lambert, D. C. Whiteman
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To measure the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical abnormalities four years after implementation of a nationally funded vaccination programme in Queensland, Australia. <b>Design</b> Case-control analysis of linked administrative health datasets. <b>Setting</b> Queensland, Australia. <b>Participants</b> Women eligible for free vaccination (aged 12-26 years in 2007) and attending for their first cervical smear test between April 2007 and March 2011. High grade cases were women with histologically confirmed high grade cervical abnormalities (n=1062) and “other cases” were women with any other abnormality at cytology or histology (n=10 887). Controls were women with normal cytology (n=96 404). <b>Main outcome measures</b> Exposure odds ratio (ratio of odds of antecedent vaccination (one, two, or three vaccine doses compared with no doses) among cases compared with controls), vaccine effectiveness ((1−adjusted odds ratio)×100), and number needed to vaccinate to prevent one cervical abnormality at first screening round. We stratified by four age groups adjusted for follow-up time, year of birth, and measures of socioeconomic status and remoteness. The primary analysis concerned women whose first ever smear test defined their status as a case or a control. <b>Results</b> The adjusted odds ratio for exposure to three doses of HPV vaccine compared with no vaccine was 0.54 (95% confidence interval 0.43 to 0.67) for high grade cases and 0.66 (0.62 to 0.70) for other cases compared with controls with normal cytology, equating to vaccine effectiveness of 46% and 34%, respectively. The adjusted numbers needed to vaccinate were 125 (95% confidence interval 97 to 174) and 22 (19 to 25), respectively. The adjusted exposure odds ratios for two vaccine doses were 0.79 (95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.98) for high grade cases and 0.79 (0.74 to 0.85) for other cases, equating to vaccine effectiveness of 21%. <b>Conclusion</b> The quadrivalent HPV vaccine conferred statistically significant protection against cervical abnormalities in young women who had not started screening before the implementation of the vaccination programme in Queensland, Australia.
Cancer epigenetics drug discovery and development: the challenge of hitting the mark
Authors: Robert M. Campbell, Peter J. Tummino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Over the past several years, there has been rapidly expanding evidence of epigenetic dysregulation in cancer, in which histone and DNA modification play a critical role in tumor growth and survival. These findings have gained the attention of the drug discovery and development community, and offer the potential for a second generation of cancer epigenetic agents for patients following the approved "first generation" of DNA methylation (e.g., Dacogen, Vidaza) and broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors (e.g., Vorinostat, Romidepsin). This Review provides an analysis of prospects for discovery and development of novel cancer agents that target epigenetic proteins. We will examine key examples of epigenetic dysregulation in tumors as well as challenges to epigenetic drug discovery with emerging biology and novel classes of drug targets. We will also highlight recent successes in cancer epigenetics drug discovery and consider important factors for clinical success in this burgeoning area.
Effectiveness of Disease Management Programs in Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Enkhe Badamgarav, Scott R. Weingarten, James M. Henning, Kevin Knight, Vic Hasselblad, Anacleto Gano, Joshua J. Ofman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

The authors systematically evaluated the published evidence to assess the effectiveness of disease management programs in depression.English-language articles on depression were identified through a MEDLINE search for the period from January 1987 to June 2001. Two reviewers evaluated 16,952 published titles, identified 24 depression disease management programs that met explicit inclusion criteria, and extracted data on study characteristics, interventions used, and outcome measures. Pooled effect sizes were calculated by using a random-effects model.Pooled results for disease management program effects on symptoms of depression showed statistically significant improvements (effect size=0.33, N=24). Programs also had statistically significant effects on patients' satisfaction with treatment (effect size=0.51, N=6), patients' compliance with the recommended treatment regimen (effect size=0.36, N=7), and adequacy of prescribed treatment (effect size=0.44, N=11). One program with an explicit screening component showed significant improvement in the rate of detection of depression by primary care physicians (effect size=0.66); two other programs lacking a screening component showed small nonsignificant improvements in the detection rate (effect size=0.18). Disease management programs increased health care utilization (effect size=-0.10, N=8), treatment costs (effect size=-1.03, N=3), and hospitalization (effect size=-0.20, N=2).Disease management appears to improve the detection and care of patients with depression. Further research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of disease management in depression, and consideration should be given to more widespread implementation of these programs.