tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Effects of Bretylium Tosylate in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The cardiac and peripheral vascular effects of bretylium tosylate (adrenergic blocking and antiarrhythmic agent) administered intravenously in doses of 5 to 10 mg/kg were evaluated in seven patients with recent myocardial infarction, three with and four without left ventricular failure (LVF). In order to clarify the effects of the drug in vivo, the effect of bretylium on isolated cat papillary muscle was also studied. The hemodynamic and peripheral vascular effects in all patients were initial transient tachycardia, hypertension and late sustained bradycardia, hypotension with decreased vascular resistance, and increased calf blood flow and venous capacitance, but without any change in cardiac output or filling pressure. In cat papillary muscle, catecholamine-release mediated positive inotropism was evident. Hence, while bretylium may have some beneficial effects in patients with LVF, it should be used with caution if hypotension exists.
REMARKS UPON MEDICAL EXPERT TESTIMONY AND PROPOSED RELATIVE LEGISLATION.
Authors: A. WALTER SUITER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The amount of earnestly thoughtful consideration which has in recent years been given to the subject of medical expert testimony, both by the legal and medical professions, may be said to be enormous, and yet the great desideratum—its just and equitable regulation—is far from being accomplished. The remarkable divergence of individual opinion as to the feasibility of the various plans proposed; the complexity of interests involved; the multiplicity of phases in which the subject in general may be made to appear in practical application, together with the necessary constant observance of certain sovereign and inalienable rights which are, under our governmental system, guaranteed to the meanest and the highest in like degree, all combine to make of this veritable<i>quaestio vexata</i>a problem so difficult of solution as almost to suggest an utter impossibility as to its final and satisfactory adjustment. It seems indisputable that so long as testimony as
Ilio-portal shund demonstrated during lung scanning.
Authors: E P Wraight
Journal: BMJ (1978)

own treachery and regicide?Only by making the last of the Plantagenets a monster.Thanks to Shakespeare the mud has stuck, but mud is mud, not kyphoscoliosis, Klumpke's paralysis, Erb's palsy, Sprengel's deformity, cerebral palsy, or even coeliac passion.
Acute pericardial distension in pigs: effect of fluid conductance on body surface electrocardiogram QRS size
Authors: C. M Karatay, C T. Fruehan, G. W Lighty, R. M Spear, H. Smulyan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Pericardial effusion has long been associated with low voltage of the surface electrocardiogram and its clinical utility is well known. The cause of this reduced QRS voltage has usually been attributed to short circuiting of the impulses by the pericardial fluid, but its precise mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, we investigated this phenomenon by instilling various fluids with different resistances in increasing volumes into the pericardial space to finally produce acute cardiac tamponade.Acute cardiac tamponade was produced 65 times in 25 closed chest pigs with a mean weight of 57(SEM 1.2) kg. A sufficient quantity (mean = 200 ml) of plasma, saline, blood, and blood with varying packed cell volume was introduced into the pericardial space in 60 ml increments to decrease systemic and pulmonary pressures to 50% of control to produce cardiac tamponade. At that point intrapericardial pressure had increased to 15-20 mm Hg. Resistivity values for the instilled fluids are 150 omega-cm for blood, 60 omega-cm for plasma, and 50 omega-cm for saline.Mean limb and precordial lead QRS voltage fell significantly, with no significant differences among these fluids. Electrocardiograph recordings from a unipolar electrode catheter in the right ventricle showed an increase in R wave voltage, but body surface recordings of stimuli introduced into the right atrium via a bipolar electrode catheter showed no amplitude change.In considering possibilities such as internal shunting of cardiac currents by intrapericardial fluid, distance of the heart from body surface electrodes, and change in cardiac position, the results are best explained by a reduction of cardiac volume and size during cardiac tamponade. This conclusion confirms Brody's hypothesis.
Serious complaints against doctors, suspensions, and erasures all fell in UK in 2011
Authors: M. Billingsley
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Fewer doctors are being referred to General Medical Council fitness to practise panels, despite a continuing rise in the number of complaints against doctors in the United Kingdom, which reached a record high last year, the GMC has said.

In 2011 the GMC received 8781 complaints—a 23% rise from the 7153 in 2010, says the regulator’s second annual report.1 The likelihood that the GMC will investigate a doctor has also risen, from one complaint in 68 in 2010 to one in 64 in 2011.

However, most complaints (4914 (56%)) in 2011 were closed without further action because they did not raise issues of fitness to practise, a rise from 2010, when half of complaints ended …
Alternation in Jugular Pulse
Authors: Samuel Zoneraich, Olga Zoneraich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 April 1973Alternation in Jugular PulseSAMUEL ZONERAICH, M.D., OLGA ZONERAICH, M.D.SAMUEL ZONERAICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, OLGA ZONERAICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-4-609_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Pulsus alternans is considered a severe sign of heart disease. It can occur simultaneously or independently in the systemic and pulmonic circulations.This letter presents the first case of alternance in the jugular pulse detected by conventional pulse recording in a patient with right heart failure.This 20-year-old man was hospitalized with fever, cough, and hemoptysis. He was known to have a congenital heart disease. Cardiac catheterization showed a ventricular septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension and bidirectional shunts. At admission the patient was cyanotic and had clubbing and distension of the neck veins. A left parasternal...References1. MITCHELLSONNENBLICKSARNOFF JES: The dynamics of pulsus alternans: alternating end-diastolic fiber length as a causative factor (abstract). Fed Proc 20:129, 1961 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. WIGGERS C: Circulatory Dynamics. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1952 Google Scholar3. FERRERHARVEYCOURNAND MRA: Cardiocirculatory studies in pulsus alternans of the systemic and pulmonary circulations. Circulation 14: 163-174, 1956 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DE RABAGOKOHOUTKATZ PFL: An unusual case of pulsus alternans recorded during cardiac catheterization from the pulmonary and systemic blood vessels. Am Heart J 49: 472-482, 1955 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. FRIEDMANDAILYSHEFFIELD BWR: Orthostatic factors in pulsus alternans. Circulation 8: 864-873, 1953 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByComputerized system for noninvasive techniques 1 April 1973Volume 78, Issue 4Page: 609-611KeywordsCardiovascular therapyCatheterizationCongenital heart diseaseFeversHeart failureHeart ratePatient advocacyPulmonary hypertensionVeinsVentricular septal defects Issue Published: 1 April 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
ANTIRACHITIC ACTIVITY OF IRRADIATED CHOLESTEROL, ERGOSTEROL AND ALLIED SUBSTANCES
Authors: ALFRED F. HESS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

About three years has elapsed since it was shown in this laboratory that vegetable oils can be rendered highly antirachitic by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.<sup>1</sup>Similar results were reported by Steenbock and his co-workers.<sup>2</sup>In the course of a large series of experiments it soon developed that vegetables can be activated by this means, and furthermore that when they have been thus transformed—for example, carrots or spinach—they retain their antirachitic potency even after being cooked. The problem rapidly assumed a chemical aspect, for it was found that the underlying chemical substance in the oils or vegetables which enabled them to be energized in this striking way was the cholesterol in the animal cell, or its counterpart, the phytosterol, in the vegetable cell. The antirachitic action of the various irradiated foods and chemical substances was established in the laboratory and in the clinic. From a therapeutic point of view
Thumbs up from government for reform of nurse training
Authors: J. Salvage
Journal: BMJ (1988)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) or self-completed questionnaires have been used to report outcomes in osteoarthritis (OA) for over 35 years. Choices will always need to be made about what should be measured and, if relevant, what would be the most appropriate PROM to use. The current study aims to describe the available PROMs used in OA and their performance quality, so that informed choices can be made about the most appropriate PROM for a particular task. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included a systematic search for PROMs that have been in use over 17 years (period 2000–2016), and to catalogue their psychometric properties, and to present the evidence in a user-friendly fashion. <h3>Results</h3> 78 PROMs were identified with psychometric evidence available. The domains of pain, self-care, mobility and work dominated, whereas domains such as cleaning and laundry and leisure, together with psychological and contextual factors, were poorly served. The most frequently used PROMs included the Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index, the Short Form 36 and the Knee Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score which, between them, appeared in more than 4000 papers. Most domains had at least one PROM with the highest level of psychometric evidence. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A broad range of PROMs are available for measuring OA outcomes. Some have good psychometric evidence, others not so. Some important psychological areas such as self-efficacy were poorly served. The study provides a current baseline for what is available, and identifies the shortfall in key domains if the full biopsychosocial model is to be explored.
HERG K <sup>+</sup> Channel Activity Is Regulated by Changes in Phosphatidyl Inositol 4,5-Bisphosphate
Authors: Jinsong Bian, Jie Cui, Thomas V. McDonald
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Autonomic stimulation controls heart rate and myocardial excitability and may underlie the precipitation of both acquired and hereditary arrhythmias. Changes in phosphatidyl inositol bisphosphate (PIP2) concentration results from activation of several muscarinic and adrenergic receptors. We sought to investigate whether PIP2 changes could alter HERG K + channel activity in a manner similar to that seen with inward rectifier channels. PIP2 (10 μmol/L) internally dialyzed increased the K + current amplitude and shifted the voltage-dependence of activation in a hyperpolarizing direction. Elevated PIP2 accelerated activation and slowed inactivation kinetics. When 10 μmol/L PIP2 was applied to excised patches, no significant change in single channel conductance occurred, indicating that PIP2-dependent effects were primarily due to altered channel gating. PIP2 significantly attenuated the run-down of HERG channel activity that we normally observe after patch excision, suggesting that channel run-down is due, in part, to membrane depletion of PIP2. Inclusion of a neutralizing anti-PIP2 monoclonal antibody in whole cell pipette solution produced the opposite effects of PIP2. The physiological relevance of PIP2–HERG interactions is supported by our finding that phenylephrine reduced the K + current density in cells coexpressing α1A-receptor and HERG. The effects of α-adrenergic stimulation, however, were prevented by excess PIP2 in internal solutions but not by internal Ca 2+ buffering nor PKC inhibition, suggesting that the mechanism is due to G-protein–coupled receptor stimulation of PLC resulting in the consumption of endogenous PIP2. Thus, dynamic regulation of HERG K + channels may be achieved via receptor-mediated changes in PIP2 concentrations.
Candida esophagitis complicated by esophageal stricture
Authors: J. Hyun, H. Chun, B. Keum, Y. Seo, Y. Kim, Y. Jeen, H. Lee, S. Um, C. Kim, H. Ryu
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 31-year-old woman was referred to the department of gastroenterology with dysphagia accompanied by odynophagia without weight loss. The patient was immunocompetent and her only medication was synthyroid, which she had been taking for the past 15 years due to hypothyroidism. The patient said that she had her first recurrent episodes of odynophagia 7 years previously and recalled that endoscopic examination at that time had revealed severe candida esophagitis. Her symptoms improved after taking medication for 1 month. She was without symptoms for a couple of years, but about 5 years prior to the current presentation, she began to experience dysphagia from time to time when taking pills or swallowing meat, and these episodes had become more frequent and had worsened during the past year. The patient visited a gastroenterologist and underwent endoscopy, which revealed narrowing of the esophagus and whitish plaques scattered throughout the mucosa.
Comparison of uptake of breast screening, cervical screening, and childhood immunisation
Authors: R Rudiman, F J Gilbert, L D Ritchie
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The national breast screening programme invites women aged 50–64 to have mammography every three years, by using the lists of the family health services authorities and health boards to provide a call and recall system. Breast screening centres ask general practitioners to check previous notification lists, encourage attendance, provide practical advice, allay fears, and, with non-attenders, discuss breast screening. Despite the additional workload that promoting a high uptake entails no financial incentive is paid to general practitioners.

Cervical screening and childhood immunisation are largely managed and delivered by general practitioners and primary care teams, although some practices also use a central call and recall system. General practitioners receive target payments (payments for reaching certain levels of uptake) for cervical screening and childhood immunisation.1 Different methods of management and remuneration may influence …
Retrograde catheterization of left heart cavities in dogs by means of an orientable directional Doppler catheter-tip flowmeter: a preliminary report
Authors: D. KALMANSON, G. TOUTAIN, N. NOVIKOFF, C. DERAI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Journal Article Retrograde catheterization of left heart cavities in dogs by means of an orientable directional Doppler catheter-tip flowmeter: a preliminary report Get access DANIEL KALMANSON, DANIEL KALMANSON 1 From the Department of Cardiology, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France 1 Requests for reprints: Dr. D. Kalmanson, Service de Cardiologie, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, 29 rue Manin, 75-Paris 19e, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GERARD TOUTAIN, GERARD TOUTAIN From the Department of Cardiology, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar NICOLAS NOVIKOFF, NICOLAS NOVIKOFF From the Department of Cardiology, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CLAUDE DERAI CLAUDE DERAI From the Department of Cardiology, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 6, Issue 3, May 1972, Pages 309–318, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/6.3.309 Published: 01 May 1972
Medicine in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: W. H. Mcmenemey
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Trevor-Roper has called the period from 1660 to 1800 "the Age of Enlightenment."Throughout this time progress in medicine was continuous, but there were, as Dr. King shows, several alterations in course.He has therefore divided the period into four parts, and for the purpose of this study has confined his attention to the important but perhaps less well-known years of 1650-95.It was, as the title of the book implies, the preamble to modern medicine, and was characterized by several competing currents of thought and practice.Although Harvey's work was accepted by many, Galenism was not yet dead, while for those concemed with clinical investigation and therapeutics the
Curaxin Cbl0137 Demonstrates Significant Antitumor Activity Against Fact-Positive Patient-Derived Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Catherine Burkhart, Geraldine Paszkiewicz, Loretta Gawron, Rachael Kohrn, Andrei Purmal, Elizabeth Repasky, Carl Morrison, Angela Omilian, Andrei Gudkov, Katerina Gurova
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
STUDIES ON COPPER METABOLISM. XIV. COPPER, CERULO-PLASMIN AND OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN SERA OF NORMAL HUMAN SUBJECTS, PREGNANT WOMEN, AND PATIENTS WITH INFECTION, HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION AND THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME 1
Authors: H. Markowitz, C. J. Gubler, J. P. Mahoney, G. E. Cartwright, M. M. Wintrobe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

Ceruloplasmin, the blue copper-containing pro- tein of serum, was first isolated in 1948 by Holm- berg and Laurell (1).They characterized this protein as an alpha 2 globulin with a copper con- tent of approximately 0.32 per cent,3 a molecular weight of about 151,000 and 8 atoms of copper per molecule.The substance has been shown to exhibit oxidase activity with a variety of sub- strates.The enzyme is most active with para- phenylene diamine (2, 3).Holmberg and Laurell (4) observed that ceru- loplasmin could be precipitated from normal hu- man serum made 50 per cent saturated with am- monium sulfate.However, approximately 2 to 12 per cent of the total copper remained in the solu- ble "albumin" fraction.They suggested that the copper remaining in the albumin fraction might be attached to globulin which could not be com- pletely separated from the albumin by ammonium sulfate precipitation.More recently, in our laboratory (5), it was demonstrated that there is a small fraction of the plasma copper (0 to 17 per cent) in normal subjects which reacts directly
A Liver-Enriched Long Non-Coding RNA, lncLSTR, Regulates Systemic Lipid Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Ping Li, Xiangbo Ruan, Ling Yang, Kurtis Kiesewetter, Yi Zhao, Haitao Luo, Yong Chen, Marjan Gucek, Jun Zhu, Haiming Cao
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Superiority of Iodine-123 Compared with Iodine-131 Scanning for Thyroid Remnants in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: SUSAN J. MANDEL, LALITHA K. SHANKAR, FRANCOIS BENARD, ALVIN YAMAMOTO, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose Iodine-123 is a pure gamma emitter and has excellent characteristics for imaging with modern scintillation cameras. The goal of this study was to compare the performance of I-123 and I-131 as imaging agents for whole-body scanning in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer undergoing ablation for thyroid remnants after initial surgery. Methods Fourteen patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who had undergone near-total thyroidectomy and had serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels greater than 40 mU/l underwent diagnostic scanning 5 hours after administration of 48 to 56 MBq (1.3 to 1.5 mCi) I-123 and 48 hours after administration of 111 MBq (3 mCi) I-131. After receiving ablative I-131 therapy, they also underwent whole-body planar imaging 7 days later. The diagnostic I-123 and I-131 scans were compared with each other and with the post-therapy images by two nuclear medicine physicians and one endocrinologist. Results The diagnostic scans revealed 35 foci in the thyroid bed and neck. The I-123 images showed all 35 foci, but only 32 of the 35 foci (91%) were seen on the I-131 scans. The findings of pre- and post-therapy scans were concordant in 11 of 13 patients, and the same general sites of uptake (left and right thyroid bed, midline) were revealed on both sets of images. In one patient, a focus seen on the diagnostic I-123 and I-131 images was not visualized on the post-therapy scan and was thought to represent possible stunning. An additional area of uptake in the lower right neck and upper mediastinum was present on the post-therapy scan of another patient, but it was not seen on diagnostic images. Conclusion These results show improved quality of imaging with 50 MBq (1.5 mCi) I-123 compared with 111 MBq (3 mCi) I-131 for whole-body scanning in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer undergoing thyroid remnant ablation. I-123 imaging may prove to be the preferred procedure in such settings in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
Use of the Cardiac-Catheterization Laboratory in a Defined Population
Authors: Robert H. Kennedy, Margaret A. Kennedy, Robert L. Frye, Emilio R. Giuliani, James R. Pluth, Hugh C. Smith, Donald G. Ritter, Fred T. Nobrega
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Abstract We evaluated trends in the use of the cardiac-catheterization laboratory from 1973 through 1977 in a well-circumscribed population in southeastern Minnesota. A total of 346 patients (248 male and 98 female patients) underwent coronary arteriography, left ventriculography, or cardiac catheterization, and there were 369 visits to the catheterization laboratory. The total number of catheterization-laboratory visits per 10,000 population increased from 4.3 in 1973 to 11.5 in 1977. According to individual category, the rates for coronary arteriography increased more than fourfold during the five-year period, whereas the rates for cardiac catheterization showed no substantial change. On the basis of the 1977 rate for all visits to the catheterization laboratory and under conditions similar to those in this community, a population of approximately 230,000 would be required to ensure use of a catheterization laboratory at the suggested minimum level of 300 adult examinations per year. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:1273–7.)