tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Small heterodimer partner/neuronal PAS domain protein 2 axis regulates the oscillation of liver lipid metabolism
Authors: Sang Min Lee, Yuxia Zhang, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Rana Smalling, Anton M. Jetten, Li Wang
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

In mammals, circadian rhythms are essential for coordinating the timing of various metabolic processes. The Clock gene regulates diurnal plasma triglyceride fluctuation through nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner ( Shp ; Nr0b2). Given that SHP is a critical regulator of metabolism in the liver, it is unknown whether SHP is necessary to coordinate metabolism and circadian rhythms. S hp +/ + and S hp −/− mice on a C57BL/6 background (n = 3‐5/group) were fed a standard chow diet and water ad libitum . Serum and livers were collected at zeitgeber time 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22. In vivo and in vitro assays included RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, very‐low‐density lipoprotein production, adenovirus overexpression and small interfering RNA knockdown, serum parameters, circadian locomotor activity, Oil Red O staining, transient transfection, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, gel‐shift assay, coimmunoprecipitation, and western blottings. Shp deficiency had a robust global impact on major liver metabolic genes. Several components of the liver clock, including peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ, coactivator 1 (Pgc‐1α), neuronal PAS domain‐containing protein 2 (Npas2), and retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor (Ror)α/γ were sharply induced in Shp− / − liver. At the molecular level, SHP inhibited Npas2 gene transcription and promoter activity through interaction with Rorγ to repress Rorγ transactivation and by interacting with Rev‐erbα to enhance its inhibition of Rorα activity. Conversely, Npas2 controlled the circadian rhythm of Shp expression by binding rhythmically to the Shp promoter, which was enhanced by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, but not nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Phenotypically, Npas2 deficiency induced severe steatosis in Shp− / − mice, which was attributed to the dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism. Conclusion : Shp and Npas2 crosstalk is essential to maintain hepatic lipid homeostasis. (H epatology 2015;61:497‐505)
Elevated Troponin T Levels and Lesion Characteristics in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Kentaro Okamatsu, Masamichi Takano, Shunta Sakai, Fumiyuki Ishibashi, Ryota Uemura, Teruo Takano, Kyoichi Mizuno
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Elevated troponin T levels in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) have been shown to predict an adverse outcome. Furthermore, it has been reported that troponin T could help improve the effectiveness of such new antithrombotic drugs as platelet GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and low-molecular-weight heparins. We hypothesized that such elevated troponin T levels in NSTE-ACS indicate the presence of thrombus at culprit lesions, and this hypothesis was verified through the use of coronary angioscopy.We studied 57 consecutive patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent preinterventional angioscopy. Before catheterization, we obtained blood samples to determine troponin positivity, and the patients were then classified as either troponin-positive or troponin-negative groups (diagnostic threshold, 0.1 ng/mL). Using angioscopy at the culprit lesions, we examined the presence of coronary thrombus, yellow plaque, and complex plaque. Moreover, we compared the preinterventional angiographic parameters (thrombus and complexity of the culprit lesion, and TIMI flow) between the two groups. Twenty-two patients were troponin-positive and 35 patients were troponin-negative. Univariate analyses indicated that the TIMI flow and the incidence of coronary thrombus detected with angioscopy correlate with the elevated troponin T levels. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the presence of coronary thrombus detected with angioscopy to be the only independent factor associated with elevated troponin T levels in patients with NSTE-ACS (odds ratio, 22.1; 95% CI, 2.59 to 188.42; P=0.0046).Using angioscopy, the elevated troponin T levels in NSTE-ACS were confirmed to be strongly associated with the presence of coronary thrombus.
The Homocysteine Hypothesis of Depression
Authors: Marshal Folstein, Timothy Liu, Inga Peter, Jennifer Buel, Lisa Arsenault, Tammy Scott, Wendy W. Qiu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

High levels of homocysteine are associated with cerebrovascular disease, monoamine neurotransmitters, and depression of mood. A plausible hypothesis for these associations is that high homocysteine levels cause cerebral vascular disease and neurotransmitter deficiency, which cause depression of mood. The homocysteine depression hypothesis, if true, would mandate inclusions of imaging studies for cerebrovascular disease and measures of homocysteine, folate, and B 12 and B 6 vitamins in the clinical evaluation of older depressed patients. Longitudinal studies and clinical trials should be designed to challenge the hypothesis.
Nebulized Albuterol for Acute Hyperkalemia in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Michael Allon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of nebulized albuterol in the acute treatment of hyperkalemia in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Design: Prospective, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. Setting: Outpatient hemodialysis clinic at a university medical center. Patients: Ten patients on maintenance hemodialysis who had chronic hyperkalemia. Interventions: Patients received nebulized albuterol therapy (10 mg or 20 mg) or placebo (saline) on three separate occasions; serial measurements of plasma potassium levels, blood pressure, and pulse were then taken for a 2-hour period. Measurements and Main Results: Patients had a significant decrease in plasma potassium concentrations that was evident by 30 minutes and sustained for at least 2 hours after albuterol treatment. After the administration of 10- and 20mg doses of albuterol, the maximal decrease in the plasma potassium levels was 0.62 ±0.09 and 0.98 ±0.14 mmol/L (SE), respectively. Nebulized saline administration did not produce a significant change in the plasma potassium concentrations. Patients did not develop symptoms or significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate with albuterol treatment. Conclusions: In the doses used, nebulized albuterol therapy resulted in a prompt and significant decrease in the plasma potassium concentrations in patients on hemodialysis, and caused no adverse cardiovascular effects. This treatment should be considered as an important adjunct for acute treatment of serious hyperkalemia in this population of patients.
Communication between GPs and cooperatives is poor for terminally ill patients
Authors: S. Barclay, M. Rogers, C. Todd
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The real ethics of rationing Purchasers, not surgeons, control waiting listsEditor-I applaud the BMJ's efforts to bring the important issue of rationing to the fore, but I cannot allow one aspect of Light's contribution to go without challenge. 1Under the heading "parasitic privatisation" he says, "to top it off, the surgeons control the waiting lists" (to encourage patients into the private sector).I despair that someone of his academic stature should show such a lack of understanding of the purchaser-provider split that we have had in the NHS for the past six years.In the vast majority of cases we as surgeons have a contract with purchasers that places an upper limit on the number of patients on whom we can operate.Thus surgeons have no control over the number of patients having surgery and therefore, by definition, over the waiting list.The role of the surgeon is to prioritise, on clinical grounds, within the contracted number.If surgeons are to operate on more patients then purchasers must contract for more operations.The onus to reduce waiting time, and therefore encourage patients not to use the private sector, lies solely with the purchasers.
Possibilities for oral peptide delivery using the mucoadhesive polymer polycarbophil
Authors: Claus-Michael Lehr, Joke A. Bouwstra, Albertus G. de Boer, J.Coos Verhoef, Wouter Kok, Joseph J. Tukker, Douwe D. Breimer, Hans E. Junginger
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1992)
Assessment of left ventricular pressure-volume relations using gated radionuclide angiography, echocardiography, and micromanometer pressure recordings. A new method for serial measurements of systolic and diastolic function in man.
Authors: D J Magorien, P Shaffer, C A Bush, R D Magorien, A J Kolibash, C V Leier, T M Bashore
Journal: Circulation (1983)

This study was designed to validate the use of combined invasive and noninvasive methods in assessing serial pressure-volume relations in man. Ten patients undergoing cardiac catheterization were studied with simultaneous intracardiac micromanometer pressure recordings, gated radionuclide angiography and echocardiography. Systolic and diastolic function were measured at rest, during right atrial pacing rates of 100 and 120 beats/min and after nitroglycerin administration. Right atrial pacing studies (rate of 100 beats/min) were performed in duplicate to determine the reproducibility of the method. At the conclusion of each study, the model was validated with contrast angiography. Good reproducibility was evident when measuring the maximum and average filling and ejection rates, time to peak filling rate, ejection fraction, the modulus of chamber stiffness, the time course of left ventricular relaxation, global average stress and ventricular work indexes using the model described above. These data were not significantly different (p greater than 0.05) from comparable data obtained from contrast angiography. Right atrial pacing and nitroglycerin administration resulted in predictable alterations in the pressure-volume loop and in the systolic and diastolic measurements. The maximum and average filling rates, ejection rates and time to peak filling rate appeared to be heart rate-dependent variables. By combining available invasive and noninvasive methods, accurate pressure-volume relationships can be determined. Because the method we tested provides accurate volumetric and timing measurements for cardiac events and does not alter hemodynamics, it may be useful for obtaining serial assessments of the pressure-volume relationship in man.
In vivo selection of hematopoietic progenitor cells and temozolomide dose intensification in rhesus macaques through lentiviral transduction with a drug resistance gene
Authors: Andre Larochelle, Uimook Choi, Yan Shou, Nora Naumann, Natalia A. Loktionova, Joshua R. Clevenger, Allen Krouse, Mark Metzger, Robert E. Donahue, Elizabeth Kang, Clinton Stewart, Derek Persons, Harry L. Malech, Cynthia E. Dunbar, Brian P. Sorrentino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Major limitations to gene therapy using HSCs are low gene transfer efficiency and the inability of most therapeutic genes to confer a selective advantage on the gene-corrected cells. One approach to enrich for gene-modified cells in vivo is to include in the retroviral vector a drug resistance gene, such as the P140K mutant of the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT*). We transplanted 5 rhesus macaques with CD34+ cells transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding MGMT* and a fluorescent marker, with or without homeobox B4 (HOXB4), a potent stem cell self-renewal gene. Transgene expression and common integration sites in lymphoid and myeloid lineages several months after transplantation confirmed transduction of long-term repopulating HSCs. However, all animals showed only a transient increase in gene-marked lymphoid and myeloid cells after O6-benzylguanine (BG) and temozolomide (TMZ) administration. In 1 animal, cells transduced with MGMT* lentiviral vectors were protected and expanded after multiple courses of BG/TMZ, providing a substantial increase in the maximum tolerated dose of TMZ. Additional cycles of chemotherapy using 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) resulted in similar increases in gene marking levels, but caused high levels of nonhematopoietic toxicity. Inclusion of HOXB4 in the MGMT* vectors resulted in no substantial increase in gene marking or HSC amplification after chemotherapy treatment. Our data therefore suggest that lentivirally mediated gene transfer in transplanted HSCs can provide in vivo chemoprotection of progenitor cells, although selection of long-term repopulating HSCs was not seen.
High heels ruled out as risk factor in osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Wearing high heeled shoes does not increase the risk of osteoarthritis of the knee, new research has shown.

Twice as many women as men aged over 65 have knee pain associated with osteoarthritis, and some research has found that the higher prevalence among women could be linked to wearing high heeled shoes. But new research reported in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (2003;57:823–30) could find no increased risk.

“It is very unlikely that prolonged wearing of high heeled shoes represents a risk factor for symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee in women,” …
Cognitive Deficits in Premature Infants
Authors: Joseph J. Volpe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Each year approximately 45,000 infants with very low birth weights are born in the United States, and approximately 80 to 85 percent survive the neonatal period. All too often, these survivors have overt motor deficits (cerebral palsy) or substantial cognitive disturbances that lead to learning difficulties in school.1 , 2 This group of infants, numbering in the many thousands yearly, now constitute an enormous burden on the tangible and intangible resources of families and educational systems.The interesting report of Hack et al. in this issue of the Journal 3 focuses particularly on the cognitive function at school age of very-low-birth-weight children and . . .
Common variation in GPC5 is associated with acquired nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Koji Okamoto, Katsushi Tokunaga, Kent Doi, Toshiro Fujita, Hodaka Suzuki, Tetsuo Katoh, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Nao Nishida, Akihiko Mabuchi, Atsushi Takahashi, Michiaki Kubo, Shiro Maeda, Yusuke Nakamura, Eisei Noiri
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
QL-24 * FERTILITY PRESERVATION IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS (PBTS)
Authors: J. Stone, J. Kelvin, L. DeAngelis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: There have been modest gains in survival of younger patients with PBTs. Given their improving prognosis, more patients of child-bearing age see procreation as feasible. The goals of this study were to describe the patients referred for fertility preservation (FP) counseling, determine which patients pursued FP, and investigate the fertility outcomes of these patients. METHODS: This was an IRB-approved retrospective review of PBT patients, ages 18-45, who were referred for FP counseling with a nurse specialist between 2009-2013. RESULTS: There were 69 patients referred for FP counseling: 38 men (mean age 32.9) and 31 women (mean age 31.9). Median KPS was 90. Eighty-eight percent had gliomas; 57% grade III and 17% grade IV. Other tumor types included CNS lymphoma, ependymoma, meningioma, and pineoblastoma. Sixty-seven percent were referred for counseling at initial diagnosis, while 33% were referred at recurrence/progressive disease. Of the patients referred for counseling, 50 (73%) pursued referral to a sperm bank or reproductive endocrinologist (87% of men, 55% of women). There was no statistically significant difference in referral acceptance by age, race, marital status, religion, or tumor grade. Patients were more likely to accept referral if they had no prior children (p = 0.048). After treatment with chemotherapy (including temozolomide and lomustine) and radiation, three men conceived naturally and two men conceived using banked sperm. Two women conceived naturally, one after radiation therapy and one with an untreated low grade glioma. No women conceived from cryopreserved eggs or embryos to date. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the historically poor prognosis of patients with PBTs, there is significant interest in FP among these patients, particularly if they have no prior children. Therefore, oncology clinicians must develop strategies to incorporate FP counseling into practice. Further investigation into clinician referral patterns, patient satisfaction with information provided about fertility, and outcomes of FP is warranted.
Access schemes are not enough
Authors: N. A. Deakin
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Mathers and colleagues’ research shows that access to medicine schemes can work.1 Premedical and foundation course students represent a much wider mix of ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds than those on traditional and graduate entry courses. This is to be commended, when only 15% of medical students come from the lower socioeconomic groups that make up …
From the NIH
Authors: Laurie K. Doepel
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A recent large-scale epidemiologic study disputes the idea that menopause is a pivotal event in the development of osteoporosis leading to hip fractures in white women. The study shows that the hip fracture rate for white women starts a steep climb between ages 40 and 44—15 to 20 years earlier than generally believed. The incidence curve appears to continue to rise smoothly, with no apparent inflection (signifying an accelerated risk) around the time of menopause or thereafter. National Institute on Aging (Bethesda, Md) epidemiologists Jacob A. Brody, MD; Mary E. Farmer, MD, MPH; and Lon R. White, MD, MPH, presented their findings in a recent paper (<i>Am J Public Health</i>1984;74:1397-1398). According to their calculations, postponing the early rise in hip fracture incidence in white women by about five years would reduce overall hip fractures in this high-risk group by about 50%. The investigators suggest that the best way to
Pleural-Fluid Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase and Protein Content.
Authors: Richard W. Light
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Pleural-Fluid Lactic Acid Dehydrogenase and Protein Content.Richard W. Light, M.D., Isabelle MacGregor, M.D., Wilmot C. Ball Jr., M.D., Peter C. Luchsinger, F.A.C.P.Richard W. Light, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Isabelle MacGregor, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Wilmot C. Ball Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Peter C. Luchsinger, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-880_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTraditionally, a pleural-fluid protein level of 3 g has been used to separate transudates from exudates, but this resulted in the wrong classification of 15% of the effusions. Recently, the lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) level of the pleural fluid has been proposed as the better discriminator. The utility of these two methods along with protein electrophoresis and LDH isozymes were evaluated in a prospective study of 149 pleural effusions. Using preset diagnostic criteria, 47 transudates and 102 exudates including 25 parapneumonic, 14 tuberculous, 43 malignant, and 20 miscellaneous effusions were studied. When a protein level of 3 g was used... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Light Criteria 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 880-880KeywordsDehydrogenasesLactate dehydrogenaseLactic acidPleural effusionProspective studiesProteins Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cutaneous tophi and calcinosis diagnosed in vivo by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: M. Gniadecka, H.C. Wulf, C.K. Johansson, S. Ullman, P. Halberg, K. Rossen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Cutaneous tophi and calcinosis diagnosed in vivo by Raman spectroscopy Get access M. Gniadecka, M. Gniadecka Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.C. Wulf, H.C. Wulf Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.K. Johansson, C.K. Johansson Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Ullman, S. Ullman Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Halberg, P. Halberg Department of Rheumatology, Hvidovre Hospital, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Rossen K. Rossen Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 145, Issue 4, 1 October 2001, Pages 672–674, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04416.x Published: 01 October 2001
Transcatheter Retrograde Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defects in Children With the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II Device
Authors: Nageswara Rao Koneti, Narayanswami Sreeram, Raghava Raju Penumatsa, Srinivas K. Arramraj, Vadlamudi Karunakar, Uwe Trieschmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
HFEA wants greater use of single embryo transfers in assisted reproduction
Authors: Robert Short
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The United Kingdom's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) has launched a consultation to examine four options to reduce multiple births after in vitro fertilisation (IVF).

Each year in the UK 126 babies born after IVF die as a consequence of multiple birth, and the risk of death in mothers, although low, is doubled in women who are expecting twins. Currently 24% of women who have had IVF have a multiple birth.

The HFEA wants to encourage the use of single embryo transfers in each treatment cycle in patients who are most likely to conceive (such as those who …
828-1 Pulmonary vein isolation to prevent atrial fibrillation: Long-term safety, efficacy, and predictors of outcome
Authors: Hakan Oral, Aman Chugh, Burr W Hall, Peter Cheung, Srikar Veerareddy, Kristina Lemola, Jihn Han, Kamala Tamirisa, Frank Pelosi, Fred Morady
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Lymphangioma of the middle mediastinum as an incidental finding on a chest radiograph.
Authors: Y F Feng, J B Masterson, R H Riddell
Journal: Thorax (1980)

A 39-year-old black male (JB) was admitted to The University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics with a 10-day history of retrosternal pain with radiation to the left arm, precipitated by exercise.Physical exam- ination was negative.The ECG showed ischaemic change.A chest radiograph showed a homogeneous water-density mass in the right paratracheal area on the frontal projection.The lateral projection showed