tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus infection and bone marrow transplantation: A cohort study with 10-year follow-up
Authors: Simone I. Strasser, David Myerson, Catherine L. Spurgeon, Keith M. Sullivan, Barry Storer, Gary H. Schoch, Sang Kim, Mary E. Flowers, George B. McDonald
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Before the introduction of routine blood donor screening in 1991, marrow transplant recipients were at significant transfusion–associated risk for infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We followed a cohort of 355 patients undergoing transplant in Seattle during 1987 to 1988 to determine (1) the impact of pretransplant HCV infection on the occurrence and severity of venocclusive disease (VOD); (2) the impact of HCV infection on liver dysfunction, other than VOD, occurring between 21 and 60 days after transplantation; and (3) the natural history of post–transplant HCV liver disease with a 10–year follow–up. HCV–RNA status was determined on serum stored before transplant and at day 100 post–transplant. Sixty–two (17%) patients were HCV–RNA positive before transplant, and 113 (32%) were HCV–RNA positive by day 100 post–transplant (or before death). Severe VOD developed in 22 of 46 (48%) evaluable patients with pretransplant HCV infection and in 150 of 229 (14%) evaluable patients without HCV ( P &lt; .0001). In multivariable analysis of risk factors for developing VOD, pretransplant HCV infection associated with elevated serum aspartate transaminase (AST) levels predicted the development of severe VOD (relative risk, 9.6; P = .0001). The presence of HCV with normal AST levels before transplant was not a risk factor for severe VOD. Between 21 and 60 days after transplant, HCV–RNA positive-patients had higher AST levels (median 101 U/L), but similar alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels compared with HCV–negative patients, suggesting that cholestatic liver disease (particularly graft–versus–host disease [GVHD]) was not related to HCV infection. An acute flare of hepatitis (AST &gt;10 times the upper limit of normal) developed at a mean of 136 ± 58 days in 31% of HCV–positive patients; no patients developed fulminant hepatitis. Between 5 and 10 years after transplant, 57% of HCV–positive and 6% of HCV–negative patients had mild to moderate elevations of AST ( P &lt; .0001), but HCV infection was not associated with excess mortality between 3 and 10 years after bone marrow transplantation. In summary, HCV infection with elevated AST levels is a significant risk factor for severe VOD after marrow transplant. However, the decision to proceed to transplantation in HCV–positive patients must balance the absolute risk of death from VOD against the risks of the underlying disease. In long–term survivors, HCV infection is not associated with excess mortality over 10 years of follow–up.
Anaphylactoid reactions associated with reuse of hollow-fiber hemodialyzers and ACE inhibitors
Authors: David A. Pegues, Consuelo M. Beck-Sague, Stan W. Woollen, Bonnie Greenspan, Susan M. Burns, Lee A. Bland, Matthew J. Arduino, Martin S. Favero, Robert C. Mackow, William R. Jarvis
Journal: Kidney International (1992)
Spironolactone did not reduce cardiac outcomes in symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Jacob Kelly, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

ACP Journal Club21 October 2014Spironolactone did not reduce cardiac outcomes in symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fractionJacob Kelly, MD, Christopher B. Granger, MDJacob Kelly, MDDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA (J.K., C.B.G.)Search for more papers by this author, Christopher B. Granger, MDDuke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA (J.K., C.B.G.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-161-8-201410210-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationPitt B, Pfeffer MA, Assmann SF, et al; TOPCAT Investigators. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1383-92. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24716680Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: References1 Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B et al; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:e147-239. [PMID: 23747642] Google Scholar2 McMurray JJ, O’Connor C. Lessons from the TOPCAT trial [Editorial]. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1453-4. [PMID: 24716685] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA (J.K., C.B.G.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 October 2014. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBeta-blockers and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fractionStudent pharmacists’ performance and perceptions on an evidence-based medicine objective structured clinical examinationBeta-blockers and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction 21 October 2014Volume 161, Issue 8Page: JC6KeywordsBlood pressureBrain natriuretic peptidesEjection fractionHeartHeart failureHospitalizationsMyocardial infarctionPotassiumSafetySystolic pressure ePublished: 21 October 2014 Issue Published: 21 October 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of Venous Needle Hub in Extracorporeal Pressure Changes during Haemodialysis
Authors: W. K. Stewart, M. A. Manuel, L. W. Fleming
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Certain types of stainless steel needles with metal hubs, and also a fistula set with projecting internal edges, were used at the venous end of the haemodialysis circuit and found to be associated with undesirable rises in extracorporeal pressure in 56 to 64% of dialyses. These increases in pressure are likely to be the result of platelet thrombus formation at the hub of the needle brought about by turbulent flow. The use of a plastic cannula and a stainless steel needle with a plastic hub, both of which have smooth internal surfaces, resulted in increases in pressure in only 4 to 12% of dialyses.
Therapy Outcome of Two Treatment Models for Bulimia nervosa: Preliminary Results of a Controlled Study
Authors: Reinhard Liedtke, Burkhard Jäger, Wolfgang Lempa, Hans-Werner Künsebeck, Margret Gröne, Hellmuth Freyberger
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

Beyond the reduction of the core symptoms, different modification patterns are expected due to differing emphases in two alternative types of treatment for bulimia nervosa: inpatient analytic and outpatient systemic therapy. The initial results of a study with a waiting-list control group are reported. Eating disorders of the bulimic women definitely improved in both therapy groups, the results for the inpatient group (n = 27) indicate a basic change in the attitude towards eating.
Mechanisms of Hypoxia-Mediated Immune Escape in Cancer
Authors: Ivraym B. Barsoum, Madhuri Koti, D. Robert Siemens, Charles H. Graham
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

An important aspect of malignant progression is the acquired ability of tumor cells to avoid recognition and destruction by the immune system (immune escape). Clinical cancer progression is also associated with the development of tumor hypoxia, which is mechanistically linked to the acquisition of malignant phenotypes in cancer cells. Despite the well-established role of hypoxia in tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and resistance to therapy, relatively few studies have examined the contribution of hypoxia to cancer immune escape. Accumulating evidence reveals that hypoxia can impair anticancer immunity by altering the function of innate and adaptive immune cells and/or by increasing the intrinsic resistance of tumor cells to the cytolytic activity of immune effectors. Here, we discuss certain aspects of the contribution of hypoxia to tumor immune escape and provide evidence for a novel role of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling in the regulation of hypoxia-induced immune escape. Thus, we propose that activation of cGMP signaling in cancer cells may have important immunotherapeutic applications.
ERK1/2 phosphorylation is an independent predictor of complete remission in newly diagnosed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Chiara Gregorj, Maria R. Ricciardi, Maria T. Petrucci, Maria C. Scerpa, Fabiana De Cave, Paola Fazi, Marco Vignetti, Antonella Vitale, Marco Mancini, Giuseppe Cimino, Salvatore Palmieri, Francesco Di Raimondo, Giorgina Specchia, Francesco Fabbiano, Nicola Cantore, Federico Mosna, Andrea Camera, Mario Luppi, Luciana Annino, Eustachio Miraglia, Giuseppe Fioritoni, Francesca Ronco, Giovanna Meloni, Franco Mandelli, Michael Andreeff, Michele Milella, Robin Foà, Agostino Tafuri
Journal: Blood (2007)
French Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SFED) Guideline
Authors: D. Heresbach
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

The clinical practice guidelines on the indications for colonoscopy in the diagnosis of neoplasia, published in 1996 by the French National Agency for Accreditation and Evaluation in Healthcare (ANAES, recently renamed “Haute Autorité de Santé” or HAS) [1], were updated in 2004. These guidelines were produced using the three-step method employed by ANAES-HAS: (i) a critical appraisal of the literature, (ii) three meetings of a multidisciplinary working group, and (iii) comments on the draft guidelines obtained from 45 peer reviewers. The guidelines are available in both French and English on the HAS website (www.has.fr) [2]. The report outlining the supportive arguments on which the guidelines are based is available in French only. The guidelines are summarized here in [Table 1].
Debate Continues on Use of PSA Testing for Early Detection of Prostate Cancer
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inconsistencies and open questions regarding low-dose health effects of ionizing radiation.
Authors: R H Nussbaum, W Köhnlein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The effects on human health of exposures to ionizing radiation at low doses have long been the subject of dispute. In this paper we focus on open questions regarding the health effects of low-dose exposures that require further investigations. Seemingly contradictory findings of radiation health effects have been reported for the same exposed populations, or inconsistent estimates of radiation risks were found when different populations and exposure conditions were compared. Such discrepancies may be indicative of differences in sensitivities among the applied methods of epidemiological analysis or indicative of significant discrepancies in health consequences after comparable total exposures of different populations under varying conditions. We focus first on inconsistencies and contradictions in presentations of the state of knowledge by different authoritative experts. We then review studies that found positive associations between exposure and risks in dose ranges where traditional notions (generalized primarily from high-dose studies of A-bomb survivors or exposed animals) would have predicted negligible effects. One persistent notion in many reviews of low-dose effects is the hypothesis of reduced biological effectiveness of fractionated low-dose exposures, compared to that of the same acute dose. This assumption is not supported by data on human populations. From studies of populations that live in contaminated areas, more and more evidence is accumulating on unusual rates of various diseases other than radiation-induced malignancies, health effects that are suspected to be associated with relatively low levels of internal exposures originating from radioactive fallout. Such effects include congenital defects, neonatal mortality, stillbirths, and possibly genetically transmitted disease. A range of open questions challenges scientists to test imaginative hypotheses about induction of disease by radiation with novel research strategies.
Chronic sinusitis in severe asthma is related to sputum eosinophilia
Authors: Anneke ten Brinke, Diana C. Grootendorst, Judith Th. Schmidt, Francisca T. de Bruïne, Mark A. van Buchem, Peter J. Sterk, Klaus F. Rabe, Elisabeth H. Bel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Abstract 3747: <i>Pulsatilla</i> saponin D suppresses angiogenesis and induces apoptosis via inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sang-Won Hong, Kyung Hee Jung, Hee-Seung Lee, Hong-Mei Zheng, Myung-Joo Choi, Mi Kwon Son, Byung Hee Park, Soon-Sun Hong
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Constitutive activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has been shown in hepatocellular carcinoma, which plays a central role in promoting survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Here, we assessed efficacy of Pulsatilla saponin D (designated SB365) on the progression of HCC and regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. SB365 strongly suppressed the growth of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, SB365 induced apoptosis by increasing the proportion of sub-G1 apoptotic cells from 8% to 21% through induction of expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3. In vivo study showed that SB365 significantly inhibited tumor growth in HCC xenograft model, inducing apoptosis by increasing the expression of the cleaved caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation. In addition, SB365 showed a potent anti-angiogenic activity to decrease the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and its target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) known as a key molecule for tumoric angiogenesis. Furthermore, SB365 suppressed tube formation and migration of HUVECs, and in vivo neovascularization in a mouse Matrigel plug assay as well. The expressions of VEGF and CD34 in the tumor tissue were decreased by SB365 treatment. In a mechanism study, we also found that SB365 effectively suppressed the phosphorylation of PI3K downstream factors such as Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our study demonstrates that SB365 not only induces apoptosis but also inhibits cell growth/proliferation and angiogenesis through modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in human HCC. We suggest that SB365 may be a new chemotherapeutic candidate against HCC. Keywords: SB365; HCC; Apoptosis; Angiogenesis; PI3K Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3747. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3747
Book Review Polycythemia Vera and the Myeloproliferative Disorders Edited by Louis R. Wasserman, Paul D. Berk, and Nathaniel I. Berlin. 361 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1995. $100. 0-7216-4213-6
Authors: William G. Hocking
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
The Corporate Compromise: A Marxist View of Health Maintenance Organizations and Prospective Payment
Authors: David U. Himmelstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Recent developments in health care are strikingly congruent with a Marxist paradigm. For many years small scale owner producers (physicians) dominated medicine, and the corporate class supported the expansion of services. As health care expanded, corporate involvement in the direct provision of services emerged. This involvement is reflected not only in the rise of for-profit providers, but also in the influence of hospital administrators, utilization review organizations, insurance bureaucrats, and other functionaries unfamiliar with the clinical encounter, but well versed on the bottom line. Corporate providers' quest for increasing revenues has brought them into conflict with corporate purchasers of care, whose employee benefit costs have skyrocketed. This intercorporate conflict powerfully shapes health policy and has caused the rapid proliferation of health maintenance organizations and other forms of prospective payment. Corporate purchasers of care favor the incentives under prospective payment for providers to curtail care and its costs. For corporate providers, prospective payment has allowed increased profits even in the face of constrained revenues, because reimbursement is disconnected from resource use. Unfortunately, this corporate compromise serves patients and physicians poorly. Alternative policy options that challenge corporate interests could save money while improving care.
Use of a Peptide Derived from Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for the Noninvasive Imaging of Human Cancer: Generation and Evaluation of 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoyl A20FMDV2 for <i>In vivo</i> Imaging of Integrin αvβ6 Expression with Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Sven H. Hausner, Danielle DiCara, Jan Marik, John F. Marshall, Julie L. Sutcliffe
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Expression of the epithelial-specific integrin αvβ6 is low or undetectable in most adult tissues but may be increased during wound healing and inflammation and is up-regulated dramatically by many different carcinomas, making αvβ6 a promising target for the in vivo detection of cancer using noninvasive imaging. In addition, αvβ6 is recognized as promoting invasion and correlates with aggressive behavior of human cancers and thus agents that recognize αvβ6 specifically in vivo will be an essential tool for the future management of αvβ6-positive cancers. Recently, we identified the peptide NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART (A20FMDV2), derived from foot-and-mouth disease virus, as a potent inhibitor of αvβ6. Using flow cytometry and ELISA, we show that this peptide is highly selective, inhibiting αvβ6-ligand binding with a IC50 of 3 nmol/L, an activity 1,000-fold more selective for αvβ6 than for other RGD-directed integrins (αvβ3, αvβ5, and α5β1). A20FMDV2 was radiolabeled on solid-phase using 4-[18F]fluorobenzoic acid, injected into mice bearing both αvβ6-negative and αvβ6-positive (DX3puro/DX3puroβ6 cell lines) xenografts and imaged using a small animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. Rapid uptake (&amp;lt;30 min) and selective retention (&amp;gt;5 h) of radioactivity in the αvβ6-positive versus the αvβ6-negative tumor, together with fast renal elimination of nonspecifically bound activity, resulted in specific imaging of the αvβ6-positive neoplasm. These data suggest that PET imaging of αvβ6-positive tumors is feasible and will provide an important new tool for early detection and improved management of many types of cancers. [Cancer Res 2007;67(16):7833–40]
<i>Die Juvenile Amaurotische Idiotie. Klinische und Erblichkeitsmedizinische Untersuchungen</i>. By Professor Torsten Sjögren. (<i>Seporat ur Hereditas XIV, Gleerupska Universitets-Bokhandeln, Lund, 1931.</i>)
Authors: R. MacLachlan Franks
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1932)
Physical activity for cancer survivors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: D. Y. T. Fong, J. W. C. Ho, B. P. H. Hui, A. M. Lee, D. J. Macfarlane, S. S. K. Leung, E. Cerin, W. Y. Y. Chan, I. P. F. Leung, S. H. S. Lam, A. J. Taylor, K.-k. Cheng
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Aims:</b> To describe the family background of street children in Aracaju, Brazil, their parents’ perception of street life, and the reasons for the high prevalence of males observed among street children. <b>Methods:</b> Cross sectional study using semi-structured interviews and qualitative focus group discussions with parents of purposively selected index street children. <b>Results:</b> Fifty eight families were enrolled. Most participants were single parent, female headed families living in slums or low cost housing, with high levels of illiteracy, drug use, unemployment, and a history of migration. Most parents reported receiving financial support from their children and were aware of the dangers of the street. Many parents had lived in the street, worked from an early age, and had been adolescent parents themselves. Parents perceived that the street was more dangerous for girls than for boys. Besides economic reasons, parents highlighted the role of peers and drug use in pulling their children to the street. A total of 187 siblings were identified. Siblings had poor school performance with high school drop out rates. Twenty per cent of the adolescent girl siblings were not living at home. Gender determined the type of work undertaken by children and adolescents. Males worked in the streets and females worked as housemaids, shop assistants, and in restaurants and bars. <b>Conclusion:</b> Family disintegration, poverty, drug use, adolescent pregnancy, peer pressure, and socially constructed gender roles determine the characteristics of children in the street. There is an urgent need for increased social support in this area.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Kirsten M. Williams
Journal: JAMA (2009)

With improvements in supportive care, both long-term survival following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs) and the indications for this procedure have increased. As a result, the number of patients living with long-term toxic effects due to HSCT has increased. A once rare condition of the donor immune cells attacking healthy host tissues, termed chronic graft-vs-host disease, has become a more common phenomenon. When chronic graft-vs-host disease affects the lung tissue, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome ensues. Recent data suggest that bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome may affect up to 6% of HSCT recipients and dramatically alters survival, with overall survival of only 13% at 5 years. These statistics have not improved since the first presentation of this disease over 20 years ago. Challenges to the progress of medical management of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome include difficulties and delays in diagnosis and a paucity of data on pathogenesis to direct new therapies. This article critically evaluates the current diagnostic criteria for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and available treatments. Improvements in survival will likely require early disease recognition, allowing for therapeutic modulation of disease prior to the development of irreversible airway obliteration.