tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Pulmonary Mass Defect by lodine-123 N,N,N??trimethyl-N??[2-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-5-lodobenzyl]-1, 3-Propanediamine Lung Imaging
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, JOHN J. COUPAL, FRANK H. DeLAND, PEGGY A. DOMSTAD, SARA BRANDENBURG, MARCUS L. DILLON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A patient whose huge lung mass was demonstrated as a largè defect on 1-123 N,N,N'trimethyl-N'[2-hydroxy-3- methyl-5-iodobenzyl]-1,3-propanediamine (HIPDM) lung imagine is presented. 1-123 HIPDM, a lipophilic agent, is designed for early detection of abnormal cerebral perfusion. Since up to 50% of the administered agent is accumulated and perhaps metabolized in the lung, the radiopharmaceutical may be potentially useful for detection of pathology of the lung in addition to evaluation of pulmonary amine metabolism.
Ventilatory control in patients with sleep apnoea and left ventricular dysfunction: comparison of obstructive and central sleep apnoea
Authors: I. Wilcox, S.G. McNamara, M.J. Dodd, C.E. Sullivan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Sleep apnoea is common in patients with heart failure. While most patients have central sleep apnoea (CSA), a minority have obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The pathophysiology of CSA is not well understood. We hypothesized that central chemosensitivity would be an important pathophysiological factor in patients with CSA, and not in OSA. The aim of this study was to compare ventilatory responses between patients with CSA and those with OSA. Acute ventilatory responses to eucapnic hypoxia and hyperoxic hypercapnia were measured during wakefulness in 34 patients (33 males and one female, aged 59±8 yrs (mean± sd )), with stable medically-treated left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and sleep apnoea (18 OSA and 16 CSA). Patients with CSA had a decreased awake end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (4.1± 0.5 kPa), increased ventilatory response to carbon dioxide (0.65±0.43 L·min -1 ·kPa P CO 2 -1 ), and eucapnic hypoxic responses in the normal range (0.6±0.4 L·min -1 /% fall in arterial oxygen saturation ( S a,O 2 )). In contrast, patients with OSA had normal endtidal carbon dioxide tension (4.9±0.5 kPa), and normal ventilatory responses to hypercapnia (0.29±0.16 L·min -1 ·kPa P CO 2 -1 ) and hypoxia (0.5±0.5 L·min -1 /% fall in S a,O 2 ). These findings suggest that augmented chemosensitivity to hypercapnia may be an important factor in the pathophysiology of central sleep apnoea in patients with heart failure.
Redesigning Graduate Medical Education — Location and Content
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Ten years ago several educators proposed that the teaching of clinical medicine should shift from inside to outside the hospital. They observed that there was a discrepancy between the kinds of patients seen on the inpatient services and those seen in physicians' offices, and suggested that resident training should be better tailored to match the requirements of clinical practice.13 For many years few heeded their call for such a dramatic change in residency training. Inpatient teaching of residents was efficient in terms of faculty time, it was funded by Medicare and other third-party payers, and a generation of faculty . . .
Benefits and Risks of Aspirin Use
Authors: James J. DiNicolantonio, James H. O’Keefe, Carl J. Lavie
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Developments in liver transplantation
Authors: J Neuberger
Journal: Gut (2004)

In the last few years, there have developments in many aspects of liver transplantation. This review will focus on those areas where adult clinical practice has developed1–3; the topics selected are those which, it is hoped, will be of interest and relevance to those health care professionals who refer patients to transplant centres and share in their follow up. In such a review, it is not possible to be comprehensive. View this table: Table 1 Transplant activity and indications in Europe (data from the European Liver Transplant Registry, kindly provided by Dr Vincent Karam) Indications for transplantation are evolving: liver failure from hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol now represent the commonest indications for liver transplantation both in Europe and North America (table 1). ### Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) ALD remains a controversial indication for liver transplantation and adverse publicity surrounding selected high profile cases can impact on organ donation. None the less, both short and long term outcomes in those transplanted for ALD are similar to those seen in patients transplanted for other causes of cirrhosis, with respect to survival and quality of life. However, this simplistic analysis takes no account of case mix (see box 1). ### Box 1 Alcoholic liver disease
Address in Physiology
Authors: W. Rutherford
Journal: BMJ (1875)

enable those who use it to furnislh statistics such as I have indicated, and thus to enable us to jucdge more dispassionately of its real merits.In comparing of late the results of my own hospital practice, I have been struck with the success which attended very simple treatment, and this leads me to question our progress in departinga from such treatmenit for more complicated methods.Thus I find th.at,during a period of three years, out of sixty-three major amputations for disease, there were only three deaths ; an(d of twenty-three cases of excision of joints, only two deaths, at a timiie when the treatment conlsisted inl thorouglhly cleansing the cut surface by pouring tepicd wattr over it, and occasionally applying tinictuLre of iodine alone, or diluted, oln the flaps ; wllilst the dIressing consisted merely in laying a veil of linit or thin muslin over the stump.Again, when preparing statistics of my amputationis for my published lectures, I founid evi(lence that certain con(litions, such as the nature of the disease or injury necessitatin(g the operation, had most important influence on the result; sucl influence, indeed, as I couldl not have supposed until the statistics brought it distinctly before me, andl my later statistics corroborate my former ; so that I canniot accept tlae statement that anly method of (Iressing, lhow- ever good, will ever enable us to guarantee stuccess.WVhilst I speak of the anitiseptic system, mneaning the special method, I need hardly say that all surgeons have for their ohject the avoidance of putrescence, though their views may differ as to the best way of attaining their object.I cannliot close w%vithout recommending to notice the advantages obtained in treating lacerated wounds and burns of the extremities by conitinuous iiiunnersioln ini the tepid bath.The avoidance of all meddlinig with the injure(d part, and of the agoniy of the patient caused by chaniging dressings, is thereby so completely obtained, that the method requiires only to be fairly tried to shew its advan- tagyes.In the case of burns these advantages are most conspicu- ous, for the constant moisture keeps the cicatricial tissue pliable, and motion of the parts can be effected gradually, whilst the limb is immersed in the bath.The water may be rendered antiseptic by carbolic or boracic acid should that be considered desirable.In conclusion, I think the retrospect I have taken shows that when true prinlciples have been disr-egarded or lost sight of, they lhave ulti- mately had their value recognised, and, modified and improved, have
Impact of baseline physical activity and diet behavior on metabolic syndrome in a pharmaceutical trial: Results from NAVIGATOR
Authors: Kim M. Huffman, Jie-Lena Sun, Laine Thomas, Connie W. Bales, Robert M. Califf, Thomas Yates, Melanie J. Davies, Rury R. Holman, John J.V. McMurray, M. Angelyn Bethel, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Steven M. Haffner, William E. Kraus
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Germs, governance, and global public health in the wake of SARS
Authors: David P. Fidler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

A revolution in the governance of global infectious disease threats is under way, accelerated by events triggered by the outbreak of SARS in 2003. This review article analyzes pre-SARS trends in the governance of infectious diseases, examines the impact of the SARS outbreak on these trends, and posits that germ governance is now a criterion of "good governance" in world affairs.
Collagen Scaffolds Incorporating Coincident Gradations of Instructive Structural and Biochemical Cues for Osteotendinous Junction Engineering
Authors: Steven R. Caliari, Daniel W. Weisgerber, William K. Grier, Ziad Mahmassani, Marni D. Boppart, Brendan A. C. Harley
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

A fully 3D biomaterial containing overlapping gradations of structural, compositional, and biomolecular cues as seen in native orthopedic interfaces is described for the first time. A multi-compartment collagen scaffold is created for engineering tendon-bone junctions connected by a continuous interface that can induce spatially specific MSC differentiation down tenogenic and osteogenic lineages without the use of differentiation media. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Lung cancer, proximity to industry, and poverty in northeast England.
Authors: T Pless-Mulloli, P Phillimore, S Moffatt, R Bhopal, C Foy, C Dunn, J Tate
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

This study assesses whether deprived populations living close to industry experience greater mortality from lung cancer than populations with comparable socioeconomic characteristics living farther away. Mortality data, census data, a postal survey of living circumstances, historic and contemporary data on air quality and a historic land-use survey were used. Analysis was based on two conurbations in England, Teesside and Sunderland. Housing estates in Teesside were selected based on socioeconomic criteria and distinguished by proximity to steel and chemical industries; they were grouped into three zones: near (A), intermediate (B), and farther (C), with a single zone in Sunderland. We included 14,962 deaths in 27 estates. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for lung cancer [International Classification of Diseases #9 (ICD-9) 162] and cancers other than lung (ICD-9 140-239, excluding 162), and sex ratios were calculated. Mortality from lung cancer was well above national levels in all zones. For men, a weak gradient corresponding with proximity to industry at younger ages reversed at older ages. In women 0-64 years of age, stronger gradients in lung cancer mortality corresponded with proximity to industry across zones A, B, and C (SMR = 393, 251, 242, respectively). Overall rates in Teesside were higher than Sunderland rates for women aged 0-64 years (SMR = 287 vs. 185) and 65-74 years (SMR = 190 vs. 157). The association between raised lung cancer mortality and proximity to industry in women under 75 years of age could not be explained by smoking, occupation, socioeconomic factors, or artifact. Explanations for differences between men and women may include gender-specific occupational experiences and smoking patterns. Our judgment is that the observed gradient in women points to a role for industrial air pollution.
Electrical field stimulation-mediated relaxation of rabbit middle cerebral artery. Evidence of a cholinergic endothelium-dependent component.
Authors: D A Van Riper, J A Bevan
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effects of electrical field stimulation (EFS) of rabbit middle cerebral arteries were examined using wire-mounted arterial segments. EFS of segments maintained at rest tension caused a tetrodotoxin-sensitive sympathetic contraction. In agonist-contracted segments maintained at approximately 60% of tissue maximum force, EFS caused a relaxation in two thirds of the preparations. Maximum response (mean +/- SEM) was 33 +/- 3.5% of maximal relaxation. The EFS relaxation was tetrodotoxin-sensitive but was not blocked by either chronic surgical sympathectomy or exposure to guanethidine (5 microM). Electron microscopy of chromaffin-fixed arterial sections showed the presence of chromaffin-positive large and small vesicles. Within the same sheath of Schwann were also a smaller number of nerve profiles containing many small clear vesicles. Removal of the vascular endothelium or treatment with atropine (10 nM) eliminated the EFS relaxation in approximately 50% of the segments and reduced the response in another 35-40%; in the remainder, relaxation was unaffected. Combined data for endothelium removal and atropine treatment showed that each caused a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in the EFS relaxation. Atropine also significantly reduced EFS relaxation in guanethidine-treated segments. There was no reduction in EFS relaxation after procedures that antagonized ATP- or substance P-mediated relaxations. These results indicate that EFS of precontracted rabbit middle cerebral artery causes a neurogenic nonadrenergic relaxation. The neuroeffector mechanism mediating this response has a predominantly cholinergic endothelium-dependent component as well as a noncholinergic endothelium-independent component.
Factors regulating osteoclast formation in human tissues adjacent to peri-implant bone loss: expression of receptor activator NFκB, RANK ligand and osteoprotegerin
Authors: T.N. Crotti, M.D. Smith, D.M. Findlay, H. Zreiqat, M.J. Ahern, H. Weedon, G. Hatzinikolous, M. Capone, C. Holding, D.R. Haynes
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
The Really Useful Handbook for the Practice Receptionist
Authors: S. E A Gower
Journal: BMJ (1996)

John Grabinar Publishing Initiatives Books, £9.95, pp 133 ISBN 1 873839 12 X

The fact that it took John Grabinar, the general practitioner author of this handbook, much longer to write the book than he expected suggests that the role of a receptionist in a modern general practice is also rather more complex than he originally thought. Like all members of the primary care team, receptionists work in a rapidly changing environment, and Grabinar has had some difficulty in keeping up with the changes: as a general practitioner colleague states in the foreword to the book, some areas of work that are now part of the “norm” for receptionists …
State Approval of Foreign Medical Schools
Authors: Steven Jonas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

For many years the Board of Regents of New York State has set licensure requirements for graduates of foreign medical schools not accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education; these requirements differ from those set for graduates of accredited medical schools. They are intended to ensure that the basic qualifications of graduates of both accredited and nonaccredited schools are as equal as possible at the time of licensure. The basic licensure requirements for all graduates of foreign medical schools are a medical degree received after the completion of a program at least 32 months long at a school listed . . .
TLR2 signaling subpathways regulate TLR9 signaling for the effective induction of IL-12 upon stimulation by heat-killed Brucella abortus
Authors: Chun-Yan Zhang, Nan Bai, Zhu-Hong Zhang, Ning Liang, Lan Dong, Rong Xiang, Cheng-Hu Liu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2012)
Test for Esophageal Rupture
Authors: Maurice L. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Popper has made an important point regarding the laboratory diagnosis of esophageal rupture. Analysis for hydrochloric acid of the aspirated pleural fluid accompanying rupture would be of great help in confirming the diagnosis. This emphasizes how crucial it is for the clinician to keep the possibility of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus in mind in patients with severe chest or abdominal pain. If his clinical suspicion can be corroborated by laboratory studies, including the one suggested by Dr. Popper, the early diagnosis of this catastrophe will be aided and proper surgical therapy instituted.
The implications of Koehler's approach for fact finding
Authors: Craig R. Callen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Koehler's work will assist the effort to understand legal fact finding. It leaves two questions somewhat open: (i) the extent to which empirical research can measure correctness of fact-finding, a function that involves the resolution of normative questions and (ii) the standards judges should use in the absence of the research he advocates.
Possible Relationship of Optic Neuritis, Wilson's Disease, and DL-Penicillamine Therapy
Authors: Norman P. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1966)

IN 1963, Tu, Blackwell, and Lee<sup>1</sup>reported the occurrence of optic neuritis in a patient undergoing treatment with DL-penicillamine for Wilson's disease. These authors came to the conclusion that the optic neuritis was a toxic effect of the DLpenicillamine, explainable by some type of metabolic antagonism between DL-penicillamine and pyridoxine. We are reporting our case because it appears to be the second instance in which optic neuritis developed in a patient with Wilson's disease while being treated with DL-penicillamine. This case raises some doubt about the role of metabolic antagonism to pyridoxine as the cause of the optic neuritis inasmuch as our patient had been receiving pyridoxine in a multivitamin preparation. Moreover, although the DL-penicillamine therapy was not discontinued and no supplementary pyridoxine was administered, the optic neuritis became less severe and the vision returned to its previous acuity. <h3>Report of Case</h3> In January 1960, the patient, a 40-year-old
New Antibacterial Drug Approved
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: assessment with thallium-201 emission computed tomography.
Authors: P T O'Gara, R O Bonow, B J Maron, B A Damske, A Van Lingen, S L Bacharach, S M Larson, S E Epstein
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Myocardial ischemia may play a critical role in the symptomatic presentation and natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). To assess the relative prevalence and functional significance of myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients comprising the broad clinical spectrum of HCM, we studied 72 patients (ages 12 to 69 years, mean 40) using thallium-201 emission computed tomography. Imaging was performed immediately after maximal exercise and again after a 3 hr delay. Regional perfusion defects were identified in 41 of the 72 patients (57%). Fixed or only partially reversible defects were evident in 17 patients, 14 of whom (82%) had left ventricular ejection fractions of less than 50% at rest. Twenty-four patients demonstrated perfusion defects during exercise that completely reversed at rest; all had normal or hyperdynamic left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction greater than or equal to 50%). Perfusion abnormalities were present in all regions of the left ventricle. However, the fixed defects were observed predominantly in segments of the left ventricular wall that were of normal or only mildly increased (15 to 20 mm) thickness; in contrast, a substantial proportion (41%) of the completely reversible defects occurred in areas of moderate-to-marked wall thickness (greater than or equal to 20 mm, p less than .001). Neither a history of chest pain nor its provocation with treadmill exercise was predictive of an abnormal thallium study, since regional perfusion defects were present in 10 of 18 (56%) completely asymptomatic patients, compared with 31 of 54 (58%) symptomatic patients. These data indicate that myocardial perfusion abnormalities occur commonly among patients with HCM. Fixed or only partially reversible defects suggestive of myocardial scar and/or severe ischemia occur primarily in patients with impaired systolic performance. Completely reversible perfusion abnormalities occur predominantly in patients with normal or supranormal left ventricular systolic function. Such dynamic changes in regional thallium activity may reflect an ischemic process that contributes importantly to the clinical manifestations and natural history of HCM.