tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HARE-LIP AND ITS TREATMENT
Authors: G. B. Warburton
Journal: BMJ (1930)

TimS p)a1)per is based oon a considerable itnuber ofeases of hlare-e-lip which have comnie under mly care sinice ear ly in 1920, when?I wa, elected to the staff of the Royal Maiicllhester Chlitdren's Hospital, -andiepresents anattempt to set (lowli su-)clm facvts as I lhave been.able to tascer-tain re,alrdingt the conidlitiomi.E,TIOLOGY AND INcIDEXNE.As regardls the(catis, hav-e be.ei able to filnd olut v-er little except to confirm the fact that in a (a certaiii numiber of cases lheredityp)l-as a part.I regretthlat iii the early cases I did notl go fully iiito the famnily history, btt for sonie years now I have carefully iniquiired of the par-eiits as, to whether any relati-eshave hiad a similar con(litiomi.Out of 60 cases in whlicuh the historv hlas beeni fully exam.iinedT lhave been able to trace a family hiistory in 11.Ini only one of tliese 11 cases was it thle parnvt- it this C.ease the father -who laid a ha.-Ire-lip.More comnmonly it was ani uncle oi aumit or1 miiore distanit relati-e whlo had been similarlv afflicted.Tin two (cseS a elativ e had a cleft palate hut siot a hare-lip, amid( siiice tlhe tw'o cond(lition,s are so closely associate(l tiis ranked as a faiimilv hIistory.Of the 11 casQqs wiith family Iiistor y the relati-e or r elatixes affected wer-e oii the fatlher 's side in 7 cases, anid on the mother's in 4.A certain niuitber of motlhers, whleni questioned, attri- buited thc conidition to a fright or shock dLuling j)regnml(-y.Wllie somiiew'hat sceptical about this, yet the moie olne inquires into these cases the less (hoes one feel inclined to ignore the possibility of pre-natal impressions bhavingq an effect on the de'veloping foetus.Shocks or impressions occturring ini thle latcr periods of pregnmaii(v.nee(sl not-be considered, .Simlee the formiiiationi of tHie lip is coml)heted at tlme eightlh week of intraufterine life.The hiistoriPes of some of the cases wlhere the motlher has attribuited the condition to a shock are perhl aps worth mentioning.
Environment and health
Authors: G. H. Brundtland
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Education and debate pp 1678-93 

At the time of the Peace of Utrecht in 1713 the Abbe de Saint-Pierre pondered on the ill faith of Europe. His vision was a community of nations having a common legal framework and common institutions enabling them to confront the challenges of their times. It took Europe centuries to move close to that vision. In large parts of Europe we are now able to apply democracy and the rule of law among nations as well as within them. No other region is in a stronger position to provide thatkind of leadership than Europe. The environment is one of those issues that pays no attention to national borders—and is thus one subject on which Europe should be able to show the benefits of its cross border leadership.

The environment is a key factor in determining the health of populations.1 Many European countries have seen significant improvements: the sky …
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene mutation in Japanese nephrotic children
Authors: Hong Xu, Kazumoto Iijima, Shunichi Shiozawa Ryojiro Tanaka, Yuji Inoue, Taku Shirakawa, Kaoru Nishiyama, Masao Miwa, Hajime Nakamura, Norishige Yoshikawa
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
Fundamental Limitations of [ <sup>18</sup> F]2-Deoxy-2-Fluoro- <scp>d</scp> -Glucose for Assessing Myocardial Glucose Uptake
Authors: Ramesh Hariharan, Molly Bray, Ricky Ganim, Torsten Doenst, Gary W. Goodwin, Heinrich Taegtmeyer
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The glucose tracer analog [ 18 F]2-deoxy-2-fluoro- d -glucose (FDG) is widely used for assessing regional myocardial glucose metabolism in vivo. The reproducibility of this method has recently been questioned because of a discordant affinity of hexokinase for its substrates glucose and 2-deoxyglucose. We therefore compared rates of glucose utilization simultaneously with tissue time-activity curves of FDG uptake before and after changes in the physiological environment of the heart. Methods and Results Isolated working rat hearts were perfused for 60 minutes with recirculating Krebs buffer containing glucose (10 mmol/L), FDG (1 μCi/mL), [2- 3 H]glucose (0.05 μCi/mL), and [U- 14 C]2-deoxyglucose (2-DG; 0.025 μCi/mL). Myocardial glucose uptake was measured by tracer ([2- 3 H]glucose) and tracer analog methods (FDG and 2-DG) before and after the addition of either insulin (1 mU/mL), epinephrine (1 μmol/L), lactate (40 mmol/L), or d,l -β-hydroxybutyrate (40 mmol/L) at 30 minutes of perfusion and after acute changes in cardiac workload. Under steady-state conditions, myocardial rates of glucose utilization as measured by tritiated water ( 3 H 2 O) production from metabolism of [2- 3 H]glucose, FDG uptake, and 2-DG retention were linearly related. The addition of competing substrates decreased glucose utilization immediately. The addition of insulin increased the rate of glucose utilization as measured by the glucose tracer but not as measured by the tracer analogs. The ratio of 3 H 2 O release/myocardial FDG uptake increased by 111% after the addition of insulin, by 428% after the addition of lactate, and by 232% after the addition of β-hydroxybutyrate. Epinephrine increased rates of glucose utilization and contractile performance, whereas there was no increase in glucose uptake with a comparable increase in workload alone. There was no change in the relation between the glucose tracer and the tracer analog either with epinephrine or with acute changes in workload. Conclusions The uptake and retention of FDG in heart muscle is linearly related to glucose utilization only under steady-state conditions. Addition of insulin or of competing substrates changes the relation between uptake of the glucose tracer and FDG. These observations preclude the determination of absolute rates of myocardial glucose uptake by the tracer analog method under non–steady-state conditions.
DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF ALISKIREN/HYDROCHLOROTIAZIDE AND ATENOLOL/HYDROCHLOROTIAZIDE COMBINATIONS ON CENTRAL PRESSURE IN ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Roberto Fogari, Amedeo Mugellini, Paola Preti, Maurizio Destro, Luca Corradi, Giuseppe Derosa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Measurement of heart rate variability: a clinical tool or a research toy?
Authors: Heikki V Huikuri, Timo Mäkikallio, K.E.Juhani Airaksinen, Raul Mitrani, Agustin Castellanos, Robert J Myerburg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review are to discuss the diversity of mechanisms that may explain the association between heart rate (HR) variability and mortality, to appraise the clinical applicability of traditional and new measures of HR variability and to propose future directions in this field of research. There is a large body of data demonstrating that abnormal HR variability measured over a 24-h period provides information on the risk of subsequent death in subjects with and without structural heart disease. However, the mechanisms responsible for this association are not completely established. Therefore, no specific therapy is currently available to improve the prognosis for patients with abnormal HR variability. Reduced HR variability has been most commonly associated with a risk of arrhythmic death, but recent data suggest that abnormal variability also predicts vascular causes of death, progression of coronary atherosclerosis and death due to heart failure. A consensus is also lacking on the best HR variability measure for clinical purposes. Time and frequency domain measures of HR variability have been most commonly used, but recent studies show that new analysis methods based on nonlinear dynamics may be more powerful in terms of risk stratification. Before the measurement of HR variability can be applied to clinical practice and used to direct therapy, more precise insight into the pathophysiological link between HR variability and mortality are needed. Further studies should also address the issue of which of the HR variability indexes, including the new nonlinear measures, is best for clinical purposes in various patient populations.
Elspeth Anne Umez-Eronini
Authors: N. Umez-Eronini
Journal: BMJ (2002)

General practitioner Machen in Gwent and Cardiff 1989-98 (b Carmarthen 1941; q Welsh National School of Medicine 1965; MRCP, DCH, FWACP), d 28 November 2001.

Elspeth spent much of her career in Nigeria where, together with her husband, she established the Umezurike hospital, which to this day offers comprehensive medical services to the people of Owerri, Nigeria. Her popularity was enhanced by her ability to speak the local language, Igbo, and she held the traditional title of “Lolo.” She returned to the United Kingdom in 1989 and worked as a general practitioner until her retirement in 1998. She was a gifted baritone singer and piano player.
The toxicity of methyl isocyanate: Where do we stand?
Authors: John R. Bucher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The Toxicity of Methyl Isocyanate" held at the National In- stitute of Environmental Health Sciences, March 12 and 13, 1986.The works presented are varied in their ap- proach and scope, but all of the studies shared the goal of providing basic toxicological information on MIC to augment the meager data available at the time of the accident in Bhopal.Taken together, the animal inhalation exposure stud- ies mimicked in effect, the gradation of exposures that occurred at different distances from the chemical plant.The studies of Union Carbide scientists attempted to recreate in several animal species the spectrum of re- sponses, including rapid unconsciousness and death, seen close to the facility and examined a number of possible biochemical and physiological mechanisms for these phenomena.The NIEHS studies, and many of the other studies reported at this conference, used lower doses and longer exposures in an attempt to examine both the resulting toxicities and the potential for re- versal or progression of these effects in survivors.Clearly, MIC inhalation is profoundly damaging to the respiratory system.Rapid deaths following expo- sure to high concentrations and delayed deaths resulting from exposures to lower concentrations of MIC have both been attributed to respiratory injury.As indicated, certain Union Carbide studies were designed to deter- mine the pathogenesis of the immediate deaths of in- dividuals in Bhopal who were exposed to high concen- trations of MIC.These studies have evaluated several potential mechanisms of toxicity; however, the findings from these studies generally support the notion that the major cause of immediate death was profound hypoxia resulting from blockage of airways by necrotic epithelial cells, mucus, fluid, and fibrin.The lower dose studies of Alarie et al. have shown that MIC is a potent sensory and pulmonary irritant in mice and guinea pigs, and that surviving guinea pigs exhibit signs of obstructive airway disease.Uraih and co-workers demonstrated that the immediate destruction of the nasal olfactory
Obstructive Uropathy and Ectopic Ureterocele on Renal Imaging
Authors: MOHAN MAKHIJA, IRVING STEIN, MICHAEL FLEISHER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Ectopic ureteroceles are diagnosed with increasing frequency, usually in patients in infancy or early childhood. Unlike the simple ureteroceles, they are almost always associated with the upper segment of a duplex kidney. Scintigraphy with Tc-99m chelates demonstrates hydronephrosis and hydroureter. A ureterocele is rarely demonstrated in the bladder through scintigraphy (1). A case of marked hydronephrosis of the upper pole and a ureterocele in the bladder revealed on renal imaging is presented.
Abstract 1090: Impact of CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling in ovarian cancer proliferation
Authors: Yuanlin Dong, Syeda M. Kabir, Deok-Soo Son
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Chemokine network plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer. Human ovarian tumors express chemokine CXCL1 and its receptor CXCR2, but its role in ovarian cancer development and progression remains unclear. In this study, we investigate whether CXCL1/CXCR2 have functional significance in ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Methods: CXCR2 was overexpressed by stable transfection into the human ovarian surface epithelial cancer cell lines A2780, OVCAR3, and SKOV3. The influence of CXCL1 and CXCR2 on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and changes in related proteins and gene expression were determined by using confocal image analysis, MTT assay, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and PCR array. Results: CXCR2 was mainly expressed on the cell surface and intracellular localization, and these expressions were profoundly enhanced in CXCR2 overexpressed cell lines when compared to controls. CXCR2 significantly increased the proliferation of A2780, OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells in a time-dependent manner, and these increases were abolished by the CXCR2 inhibitor, SD 225002. Furtermore, CXCR2-induced cancer cell proliferation was suppressed by Gefitinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), indicating crosstalk between CXCR2 and EGFR in ovarian cancer cell proliferation. CXCR2 induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and NF-kappa B, probably contributing to ovarian tumor growth and metastatic progression. CXCL1 significantly stimulates the cell proliferation in CXCR2 overexpressed cell lines, and the stimulations were substantially blocked by the ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD 98059, further confirming the involvement of MAPK signaling. CXCR2 reduced cell cycle arrest in the G0-G1 phase and increased the cell population in the S and G2-M phase, and these changes were associated with enhanced expression for CDK6, a G1-S cell cycle transition regulatory gene. Chemokine specific PCR array revealed that CXCR2 enhances proinflammatory chemokines CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL6, suggesting that CXCR2 accelerates proinflammatory tumor microenvironment to provide the suitable condition for ovarian cancer progression. Conclusions: Taken together, this study demonstrated that CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling plays critical roles in ovarian cancer growth and progression through the activation of ERK1/2 and NF-kappa B. Thus, CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling may be important in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, providing a basis for the therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1090. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1090
Abciximab vs Thrombectomy for Reperfusion in Myocardial Infarction—Reply
Authors: Gregg W. Stone, Sorin J. Brener, C. Michael Gibson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3175: A Simple Risk Score derived from Euro Heart Failure Survey to Predict Mortality in Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Periaswamy Velavan, Nasrin K Khan, Kevin Goode, Alan Rigby, Michel Komajda, Ferenc Follath, Karl Swedberg, John G Cleland
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Heart failure causes about 5% of medical admissions amongst adults and complicates a further 10–15%. Heart failure has a poor prognosis as one third or more of patients will die within ...
Collagen-mediated platelet aggregation. Evidence for multivalent interactions of intermediate specificity between collagen and platelets.
Authors: S A Santoro, L W Cunningham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

We have shown previously that periodate oxidation of collagen carbohydrate does not affect its ability to aggregate platelets. We now describe an additional characterization of periodate-modified collagen which demonstrates that collagen devoid of intact carbohydrate is fully capable of fibril formation, and we confirm its capacity to initiate platelet aggregation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the platelet aggregating abilities of Types I, II, and III fibrillar collagen are quite similar despite differences in carbohydrate content and amino acid sequence. We also demonstrate that monomeric, pepsin-solubilized Type I human collagen is ineffective inhibiting aggregation by performed fibrils derived from the same molecule, thus establishing that the affinity of platelets for collagen depends upon prior polymerization of collagen. We interpret these and other findings to demonstrate that the hydroxylysyl glycoside regions of collagen are not highly specific sites involved in platelet-collagen interactions leading to "physiological" aggregation, and that the possibility must be considered that multiple interactions involving collagen sites of comparatively low structural specificity may be the initiating events in release of platelet ADP and the ensuing aggregation.
CD4+ T-cell–directed antibody responses are maintained in patients with psoriasis receiving alefacept: results of a randomized study
Authors: Alice B Gottlieb, Thomas B Casale, Ellen Frankel, Bernard Goffe, Nicholas Lowe, Hans D Ochs, Janet L Roberts, Ken Washenik, Akshay K Vaishnaw, Kenneth B Gordon
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Concentrating defect in the adrenalectomized rat. Abnormal vasopressin-sensitive cyclic adenosine monophosphate metabolism in the papillary collecting duct.
Authors: B A Jackson, J L Braun-Werness, E Kusano, T P Dousa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Among other defects in water metabolism, adrenal insufficiency is associated with an inability to concentrate urine maximally in both man and experimental animals. Recent studies in the rabbit cortical collecting tubule have suggested indirectly that this defect may result from impaired cyclic AMP (cAMP) formation in response to antidiuretic hormone stimulation. In the present study, we examined key elements of arginine vasopressin (AVP)-dependent cAMP metabolism in the papillary collecting duct (PCD), microdissected from 8-d adrenalectomized (ADX) and sham-operated control rats. AVP-sensitive adenylate cyclase (ADC) activity in PCD did not differ between control and ADX rats. cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity (cAMP-PDIE), measured at 10(-6) M cAMP substrate concentration, was significantly higher (delta + 31.6%) in PCD of ADX rats compared with controls. Incubation of intact PCD from ADX rats with AVP resulted in an accumulation of cAMP (delta - 48.5%) significantly lower than observed in control PCD. Chronic administration of dexamethasone reduced cAMP-PDIE activity in PCD of ADX rats to levels close to or below those observed in control rat PCD, and also resulted in a restoration of AVP-stimulated cAMP accumulation to levels approaching control values. Results indicate that the impaired maximal urinary concentrating ability associated with adrenal insufficiency may be due, at least in part, to a reduced accumulation of cAMP in response to AVP in the PCD. This decreased cAMP accumulation results from increased cAMP-PDIE activity in the PCD of ADX rats and can be corrected by administration of glucocorticoid.
It's Almost Over— More Letters on Debbie
Authors: Alex Hardy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  In the growing controversy among physicians, the American Medical Association, and proponents of euthanasia, the principal actor has been ignored completely. What about the terminally ill? Aren't we the ones most directly affected? Don't we have a voice and a choice in our time or means of dying?  As a terminally ill  patient with a very short time left, I want to raise some questions for the multitude that can no longer speak for themselves and for the rapidly expanding throng of terminally ill patients who are kept alive to no avail. I believe my personal story will highlight the dilemma that now faces the medical community.  One year ago I was diagnosed as having probably terminal cancer (massive tumors in all sinus cavities). In the ensuing year I have traveled down a road filled with evasion, equivocation, and moral hypocrisy. Most physicians don't want to
India's young cancer survivors get website to improve their matrimonial chances
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A new website has been set up to improve the prospects of finding a life partner for young people in India who have had cancer. As well as bringing together former patients the website will arrange counselling for users about their medical history and the impact it will have on their future.

The matrimonial platform (www.insightmatrimony.com) is an initiative of the St George Orthodox Youth Movement, part of St Mary’s Orthodox Parish …
Notes ON SURGERY AT SALONICA
Authors: T. C. English, R. E. Kelly
Journal: BMJ (1918)

THE campaign of thie allied armies in Macedonia lhas lasted two years, and the present time seems fit for the record of some surgical experiences amongst tlle BritiU4 troops in this area.There are many ways in whliclh this campaign differs considerably from that in France; the extreme cold of winter, -the moist heat of shmmer, the prevalence of malariia an-d dysentery, diffieulties in transport.are' all factors wlich in- fluence-the sur-.gicalproblems.,Malaria, fol example, lhas been most an- noyingto the surgeon; acute attacks are fre- -quently precipi- tated by woundsor by any sur- gical procedure.Moreover, it is fouind that an acute attack de- lays or may coin pletely arrest the _ process of heal- iing; in severe cases the granu- Fio.1.latingsurface changes in appearance, becoming greyish-br6wn in cdlo{ii& with a varnish-like brown dischlarge; under quinine treat- ment the healthv condition of the wound lhas usually returned in four or five-days.-Thereis the further dilfi- culty that rises of.temperature.inthe case of -a wounded man may be due either to rmahprja, or seLpsis; the only rational plan is tq assume thsat t4e-raised temperature is' due to the latter until the presence of malaria is proved microscopically; even then the temperature may septic ratlher than malarial.Chronic malaria lhas pro- duced little material effect --- on the healing of, wounds, tlhouglh .convaleE cence is s*omewhat re- tarded and the effects of haemor- rhage more felt.The simulation of appendicitis in case:s -of _ malaria lhas been disconcerting; acute pain iin tlhe riglht iliac fossa, onset with vom'iting, teniderness, 9.' and rigidity may..'-