tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Viral Infections Are a Distinct Risk for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome and Death
Authors: Anthony P. Khalifah, Ramsey R. Hachem, Murali M. Chakinala, Kenneth B. Schechtman, G. Alexander Patterson, Daniel P. Schuster, Thalachallour Mohanakumar, Elbert P. Trulock, Michael J. Walter
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the major obstacle to long-term survival after lung transplantation, in part because its pathogenesis is poorly understood and treatment options are limited. To identify unique risk factors for BOS and death, we performed a retrospective cohort study on 259 consecutive adult lung transplant recipients over a 5-year period. The demographic and clinical characteristics of this population were analyzed for an association between BOS or death and potential risk factors, including community-acquired respiratory viral (CARV) infections, acute rejection, and cytomegalovirus pneumonitis. Respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, influenza, and adenovirus accounted for 21 CARV infections. Univariate and multivariate time-dependent Cox regression analyses demonstrated that this CARV group was more likely to develop BOS, death, and death from BOS. Furthermore, these trends were more pronounced in patients with evidence of lower respiratory tract-CARV (lower-CARV) infections. Notably, the CARV and lower-CARV infections were risk factors for BOS, death, and death from BOS distinct from the risk attributable to acute rejection. Identification of CARV and lower-CARV infections as BOS and mortality risk factors has important clinical implications and may provide insight into disease pathogenesis and accelerate the development of novel treatment strategies to modify post-CARV BOS.
Measurement of Viscoelastic Properties of Arteries in the Living Dog
Authors: BARRY S. GOW, MICHAEL G. TAYLOR
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

Dynamic elastic moduli (E dyn ) and viscous moduli (ηω) of the arterial wall were obtained at a number of sites of the systemic vascular tree of living dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. Constants were calculated using the first harmonics of pressure and diameter obtained from a Fourier analysis of simultaneously recorded pulse waves. The means and standard errors of E dyn , in dynes cm -2 x 10 6 , obtained at mean blood pressures ranging from 87 to 130 mm Hg and pulse frequencies from 1.1 to 2.8 cps were: 3.0±0.33 (9 midthoracic aortas), 9.8±1.2 (7 midabdominal aortas), 11.0 (4 iliac arteries), and 12.3±1.2 (11 femoral arteries). The viscous modulus was approximately 9% of E dyn in the midthoracic aorta and approximately 12% of E dyn in the abdominal and femoral arteries. Pulse wave velocities calculated from values of E dyn and relative wall thickness by the Moens-Korteweg equation agreed with accepted values. A Fourier analysis of pressure and diameter waves was shown to be unsatisfactory for determining the frequency dependence of viscoelastic constants because of anomalous behavior of the viscoelastic parameters. In the midthoracic aorta this behavior may have been partly attributable to artefact; however, there was strong evidence that elsewhere nonlinear pressure and diameter relationships interfered with the accurate determination of the relatively small, higher-order harmonic components.
Prospects for preventing heart disease.
Authors: S Leeder, M Gliksman
Journal: BMJ (1990)

be HIV positive then surgeons and other health care workers will accept the added inconvenience and possible dis- advantages of an impervious gown, double gloving, and eye protection.This two tier system of precautions becomes controversial when applied to people thought to be in high risk groups.These judgments are not disinterested.Decisions about high risk behaviour and HIV testing will potentially benefit the staff as well as the patient, so they raise difficult ethical issues that require full discussion at an early stage and an appreciation that special counselling skills may be required.Many patients who perceive themselves to be at risk will agree to be tested because of potential benefits to themselves or theoretical protection for staff.It must be made clear to those patients who decide not to be tested, however, that clinical decisions about their management will be unaffected.
Doctors call for greater transparency over limits of genetic tests
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Purpose</h3> The Finnish National Esophago-Gastric Cancer Cohort (FINEGO) was established to combine the available registry data with detailed patient information to form a comprehensive, retrospective, population-based research platform of surgically treated oesophageal and gastric cancer in Finland. This cohort profile describes the 2045 surgically treated patients with oesophageal cancer included in the FINEGO cohort. <h3>Participants</h3> Registry data were collected from the National Cancer, Patient, Education and Death Registries from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 2016. All patients over 18 years of age, who had either curative surgery, palliative surgery or salvage surgery for primary cancer in the oesophagus are included in this study. <h3>Findings to date</h3> 2045 patients had surgery for oesophageal cancer in the selected time period. 67.2% were man, and the majority had only minor comorbidities. The proportions of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were 43.1% and 44.4%, respectively, and 12.5% had other or missing histology. Only about 23% of patients received neoadjuvant therapy. Oesophagectomy was the treatment of choice and most patients were treated at low-volume centres, but median annual hospital volume increased over time. Median overall survival was 23 months, 5-year survival for all patients in the cohort was 32.9% and cancer-specific survival was 36.5%. <h3>Future plans</h3> Even though Finland only has a population of 5.5 million, surgery for oesophageal carcinoma has not been centralised and therefore previously reported results have mostly been small, single-centre cohorts. Because of FINEGO, we now have a population-based, unselected cohort of surgically treated patients, enabling research on national trends over time regarding oesophageal cancer, including patient characteristics, tumour histology, stage and neoadjuvant treatment, surgical techniques, hospital volumes and patient mortality. Data collection is ongoing, and the cohort will be expanded to include more detailed data from patient records and national biobanks.
The correlation between the use of sensory distraction to enable sports and fitness skills repetition and accelerating learning and fighting the childhood obesity epidemic
Authors: Thomas Root
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Mr Root is committed to children who have lost interest in physical activity or those that have not discovered a form which excites them. Mr Root engineered HOPSports to redefine student perception and participation of school-based physical education by empowering kids to choose attractive and rewarding forms of physical activity that enable them to live sustainably in healthy lifestyles throughout adulthood. Through 21st century technology mediums, HOPSports delivers entertaining and educational digital content that effectively relate to 21st century kids. Children experience a variety of sensory distractions which enable the repetition of standards-based sports and fitness skills development. Kids may simultaneously watch wellness-themed animated videos, choose modern music, or learn valuable educational and social messaging while they increase their moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Independent studies plainly show that the HOPSports Training System (HTS) achieves significant increased MVPA among its student users. Educators can no longer ignore the growing body of research which explores the connection between exercise and the brain's performance that shows even moderate exercise will, among other things, supercharge mental circuits to beat stress, sharpen thinking and enhance memory. Consequently, the HTS both fights the childhood obesity epidemic and accelerates learning by enhancing cognitive focus for substantive classroom learning.
The +276 G/T Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of the Adiponectin Gene Is Associated With Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Simonetta Bacci, Claudia Menzaghi, Tonino Ercolino, Xiaowei Ma, Anna Rauseo, Lucia Salvemini, Carlo Vigna, Raffaele Fanelli, Umberto Di Mario, Alessandro Doria, Vincenzo Trischitta
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus (+45T>G and +276G>T) have been associated with low circulating adiponectin levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether these genetic markers are determinants of coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 2 diabetic patients.A total of 376 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients were studied: 142 case subjects with coronary stenosis >50% or previous myocardial infarction and 234 control subjects with no symptoms, no electrocardiogram (ECG) signs of myocardial ischemia, and a normal ECG stress test (n = 189) and/or (n = 45) with coronary stenosis <or=50%.No association with CAD was observed for the +45 SNP (P = 0.48). By contrast, a significant association was observed for the +276 SNP, with T/T homozygotes having a lower risk of CAD than carriers of other genotypes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.13 [95% CI 0.037-0.46], P = 0.002). A similarly protective effect of the +276 T/T genotype was observed in 110 case and 45 control subjects for whom the CAD status had been determined by angiography (0.04 [0.006-0.30], P = 0.002). Serum adiponectin, although clearly related to several features of the proatherogenic/insulin-resistant phenotype, was not different between control subjects and CAD patients (26 +/- 17 vs. 25 +/- 13 microg/ml).In conclusion, the +276 G>T polymorphism is a determinant of CAD risk in type 2 diabetic patients. This marker may assist in the identification of diabetic individuals at especially high risk of CAD, so that preventive programs can be targeted at these subjects.
Abstract 1724: A gene expression profile test to resolve squamous cell carcinomas of head &amp; neck from squamous cell carcinomas of the lung
Authors: Anita Lal, Rebecca Panos, Mira Marjanovic, Michael Walker, Eloisa Fuentes, W. David Henner, Ljubomir Buturovic, Meredith Halks-Miller
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The differential diagnosis between squamous cell carcinomas of the head &amp; neck and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung is often unresolved because the histologic appearance of these two tumor types is quite similar. We have developed and validated a gene expression profile test (Pathwork Tissue of Origin Head &amp; Neck Test) that distinguishes head &amp; neck squamous and lung squamous cancers in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens using a 2160-gene classification model. The test was validated in a blinded study using a pre-specified algorithm and microarray data files for 76 metastatic, poorly differentiated or undifferentiated FFPE tumor specimens that had either a known head &amp; neck squamous or lung squamous diagnosis. The study met the primary Bayesian statistical endpoint for acceptance. Measures of test performance include overall agreement with the known diagnosis of 82.9% (95% CI, 72.5% to 90.6%), an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.91 and a diagnostics odds ratio (DOR) of 23.6. Head &amp; neck squamous cancers (N=38) gave an agreement with the known diagnosis of 81.6% and lung squamous cancers (N=38) gave an agreement of 84.2%. Reproducibility in test results between three laboratories had a concordance of 91.7%. The Tissue of Origin Head &amp; Neck Test can aid in resolving the important differential diagnostic question for head &amp; neck and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1724. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1724
HG-18 * A ROLE OF SPINDLE CELLS IN GLIOBLASTOMA GROWTH
Authors: S. Yamada, L. Sun, S. Yamada
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Bailey and Cushing believed gliomas originated from primitive spongioblasts (1926). The authors have found the spindle cells in the early stage of rat C6 cell cuture, resembling spongioblasts. Additionally, C6 cells implanted into rat brain grew glioblastoma (GBM). In an effort to link cultured C6 cells to molecular biological factors, demonstration of cell markers was attempted in these cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C6 cells were cultured in MEN solution and morphological changes were observed for 10 days. Next, cultured C6 cells were treated by temozolomide (TMZ), starting Day 3, and observed for 7 days. C6 cells were also implanted into rat's brain to observe tumor formation. CD133 and CD15 staining was done in cultured cells and TMZ treated cells. RESULTS: Small long cells with single nucleus grew to spindle cells on Day 1 to 2. Spindle cells increased rapidly, forming syncytiums on Day 3 to 4. As syncytiums multiplied, mitotic cells began to appear on Day 5 to 8. By Day 9-10 multiple small round cells were packed in groups, and then typical undifferentiated GBM cell pattern developed. During TMZ treatment, the number of C6 cells remarkably decreased forming necrotic areas, and only large spindle cells survived, resembling spongioblasts, in 4 days after the TMZ started. Implanted C6 cells survived, forming a mass, and contained spindle cells. CD133 and CD15 were used to stain cell membrane as markers on cultured and TMZ-treated cells, and results will be reported both in cultured C6 cells, and implanted tumors. CONCLUSION: The spindle cells of C6 cells played an important role for tumor growth and tumor invasion. Cell marker staining will allow for concluding relationship of spindle cells to stem cells (if stained with markers) or precursors, in comparison with radiated medulloblatoma cells stained with CD133.
Accelerated dissociation of IgE-FcεRI complexes by disruptive inhibitors actively desensitizes allergic effector cells
Authors: Alexander Eggel, Günther Baravalle, Gabriel Hobi, Beomkyu Kim, Patrick Buschor, Patrik Forrer, Jeoung-Sook Shin, Monique Vogel, Beda M. Stadler, Clemens A. Dahinden, Theodore S. Jardetzky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
TCT-188 Two-Year Clinical Outcome of Patients With Bifurcation Lesions Treated With Second-generation Zotarolimus-Eluting Resolute Stents and Everolimus-Eluting Xience V Stents in the Randomized TWENTE Trial
Authors: Kenneth Tandjung, Hanim Sen, Ming Kai Lam, Marije M. Löwik, Gert van Houwelingen, Martin G. Stoel, Hans W. Louwerenburg, F. de Man, Gerard C. Linssen, Rogier Nijhuis, Mark B. Nienhuis, Clemens von Birgelen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Determinants of Anterior Chamber Depth: The Singapore Chinese Eye Study
Authors: Chelvin C. Sng, Li-Lian Foo, Ching-Yu Cheng, John C. Allen, Mingguang He, Gita Krishnaswamy, Monisha E. Nongpiur, David S. Friedman, Tien Y. Wong, Tin Aung
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Translating Clinical Research to Community-Based Practice: Lessons from Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis
Authors: R. M. Ness, D. K. Rex, T. Imperiale
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

As we have shown using examples from colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis, translation of published studies into community practice is not a simple task. A literature review may not clearly indicate which strategy is best. Even when one strategy has a definite advantage, there may be variation in its actual clinical performance. Prior to initiating a new strategy or when reconsidering an old one, questions should be asked concerning applicability to the community population, the protocols that will be used, and the training, experience, and skill of the clinicians involved in its use. After a clinical strategy is implemented, ongoing information concerning its clinical performance should be continuously collected so that deficiencies can be identified and corrected. This information may be difficult and costly to obtain, but has enormous relevance for guiding healthcare decisions and improving outcomes.
Glucose and Insulin Metabolism after Pancreatic Transplantation
Authors: R. A. Sells, R. Y. Calne, V. Hadjiyanakis, V. C. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1972)

After removal of the pancreas pigs develop hyperglycaemia and ketosis. Both orthotopic and heterotopic transplants prevent hyperglycaemia but the animals so treated display markedly different patterns of glucose and insulin metabolism. Orthotopic graft recipients have normal glucose tolerance curves with raised plasma insulin levels. The glucose tolerance curves of heterotopic graft recipients show significant hypoglycaemia and very marked hyperinsulinaemia. These results are explicable by the diversion of the two pancreatic hormones from the liver, and possibly by the effect of ischaemia and denervation on the pancreas.
Early Increase in Left Ventricular Compliance after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: James S. Forrester, George Diamond, William W. Parmley, H. J. C. Swan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume (P-V) relationship is a resultant of several determinants, including initial ventricular volume, geometry, and wall stiffness. A quantitative index of one of these determinants, LV wall stiffness, was developed from a mathematical analysis of the isolated P-V relationship. Since this relationship was exponential, stiffness (dP/dV) could be expressed by the equation dP/dV = aP + b, where a and b are constants. The a constant, termed the passive elastic modulus, was independent of both pressure and volume, was modified only slightly by changes in geometry, and thus was primarily affected by changes in wall stiffness. LV wall stiffness was assessed by determination of the passive elastic modulus in eight normal canine hearts and in five hearts 1 hr after acute myocardial infarction. The value of the passive elastic modulus for the normal canine LV was found to be 0.099+/-0.006 cc(-1). In the five infarcted hearts there was a modest, but statistically insignificant, shift of the P-V curves from control, such that for the same pressure the infarcted hearts contained greater volume. However, the passive elastic modulus decreased 41% to 0.057+/-0.006 cc(-1) (P < 0.001). Thus, although LV wall stiffness may increase later in the course of myocardial infarction, it is concluded that it was significantly decreased 1 hr after infarction. Calculation of the passive elastic modulus provided a sensitive means of detecting such changes, whereas P-V curves alone were generally insensitive.
Dilatation instrumentale des sténoses bénignes de l'oesophage de l'adulte. A propos de 277 cas
Authors: M Lahcene, N Oumnia, N Matougui, A Tebaibia, M Boudjella, B Touchene
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

But: Evaluer l'efficacité et l'innocuité d'un traitement par dilatation instrumentale des sténoses œsophagiennes bénignes (SOB) de l'adulte.
C-174G Polymorphism in the Promoter of the Interleukin-6 Gene Is Associated With Insulin Resistance
Authors: Marina Cardellini, Lucia Perego, Monica D’Adamo, Maria Adelaide Marini, Cristina Procopio, Marta Letizia Hribal, Francesco Andreozzi, Simona Frontoni, Maurizio Giacomelli, Michele Paganelli, Antonio E. Pontiroli, Renato Lauro, Franco Folli, Giorgio Sesti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—The C-174G promoter polymorphism of the interleukin (IL)-6 gene was found to influence transcriptional activity and plasma IL-6 levels in humans. We addressed the question of whether the C-174G IL-6 polymorphism contributes to variation of insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Two cohorts of subjects were genotyped. Cohort 1 includes 275 nondiabetic subjects who underwent a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Cohort 2 includes 77 patients with morbid obesity who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). RESULTS—The genotypes were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions. In cohort 1, insulin sensitivity was reduced in carriers of the −174G/G genotype as compared with subjects carrying the C allele (P = 0.004). Carriers of −174G/G displayed significantly higher plasma IL-6 levels in comparison with carriers of the C allele. In a stepwise linear regression analysis, the C-174G polymorphism was independently associated with insulin sensitivity; however, after inclusion of plasma IL-6 concentrations, the polymorphism was excluded from the model explaining insulin sensitivity variability, thus suggesting that the polymorphism was affecting insulin sensitivity by regulating IL-6 plasma levels. IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by real-time RT-PCR in subcutaneous fat obtained from obese patients of cohort 2 during LAGB. Carriers of −174G/G showed increased IL-6 expression compared with subjects carrying the C allele (P = 0.04). There was a significant correlation between adipose IL-6 mRNA expression and insulin resistance assessed by homeostasis model assessment (ρ = 0.28, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS—These results indicate that the −174G/G genotype of the IL-6 gene may contribute to variations in insulin sensitivity.