tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilic lung disease associated with Candida albicans allergy
Authors: A Pacheco, M Cuevas, B Carbelo, L Maiz, MJ Pavon, I Perez, S Quirce
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

A significant number of cases of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia remain idiopathic in spite of a comprehensive search of associated causes. This study reports a patient with a classical clinical presentation of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and peripheral blood eosinophilia in whom selective sensitization to Candida albicans was demonstrated. This yeast was present in the bronchoalveolar lavage culture and specific serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG against C. albicans were found in the patient's serum. Levels of these specific immunoglobulins diminished with corticosteroid treatment and increased coinciding with a new outbreak of symptoms after lowering the dosage of corticosteroids. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case described of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia associated with sensitization to C. albicans. Evaluation of allergy to C. albicans should be performed in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia before labelling cases as idiopathic.
Protracted ventricular tachcardia induced by premature stimulation of the canine heart after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion.
Authors: H S Karagueuzian, J J Fenoglio, M B Weiss, A L Wit
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The effects of premature ventricular stimuli were studied in two groups of dogs with infarcts, one group subjected to permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and the other to temporary occlusion for 2 hours. In dogs with permanent occlusion, spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias occurred after 3-6 hours. In 13 dogs with temporary occlusion, ventricular arrhythmias occurred immediately after reperfusion and then persisted. In five dogs with temporary occlusion, ventricular arrhythmias did not occur spontaneously until 13-15 hours after occlusion. On days 2-9 after surgery, after sinus rhythm had returned, the ventricles of each awake dog were stimulated. After permanent occlusion, premature stimuli occurring on the T wave usually induced from one to 10 repetitive responses on days 2-4. Protracted ventricular tachycardia (lasting greater than 10 seconds) was induced in only two of 10 dogs. The response to premature stimuli was similar after temporary occlusion when ventricular arrhythmias did not occur spontaneously until 13-15 hours after occlusion. Protracted tachycardia was not induced. In the dogs with temporary occlusion, which initially had continuous arrhythmias, premature stimuli occurring on the T wave on days 3-5 after surgery induced both repetitive responses and protracted ventricular tachycardia. Stimuli applied to the ventricles during tachycardia terminated it. Histological studies on all infarcts showed that, after permanent occlusion, necrosis was uniform; after temporary occlusion, viable myocardium survived in the necrotic region. These salvaged myocardial fibers may provide reentrant pathways, causing long-lasting tachycardia.
Cell-mediated immune responses to influenza vaccination in Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: A. Holvast, A. de Haan, S. van Assen, C. A. Stegeman, M. G. Huitema, A. Huckriede, C. A. Benne, J. Westra, A. Palache, J. Wilschut, C. G. M. Kallenberg, M. Bijl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses are involved in the defence against influenza. In Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), antibody responses to influenza vaccination appear to be similar to those in healthy controls, but cell-mediated responses have not been studied.To determine whether cell-mediated responses to influenza vaccination in WG vary from those in controls.Twenty-five patients with WG and healthy controls received subunit influenza vaccine. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained before and 1 month after vaccination. Cell-mediated responses to A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 were assessed using interferon gamma (IFN gamma) ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining for IFN gamma, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 2.Before vaccination, patients and controls showed similar recall responses to A/H1N1 and A/H3N2. After vaccination, patients and controls showed similar levels of increase in spot-forming cells against A/H1N1 and A/H3N2. By flow cytometry, upon vaccination, proportions of cytokine-producing CD4 T cells increased in patients and controls for A/H1N1 and A/H3N2.Cell-mediated responses to influenza vaccination in patients with WG are comparable to those in healthy controls.
Temporal and Geographic Variation in the Use of Hematopoietic Growth Factors in Older Women Receiving Breast Cancer Chemotherapy: Findings From a Large Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Xianglin L. Du, David R. Lairson, Charles E. Begley, Shenying Fang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Hematopoietic growth factors have played a major role in preventing infection and shortening the duration of neutropenia in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Little information is available on how these growth factors are used in patients with cancer outside the clinical trial setting. We performed descriptive and exploratory analyses on the patterns and correlates of the use of hematopoietic growth factors in community-dwelling elderly patients.We identified 5,843 women from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare-linked data cohorts who were diagnosed with breast cancer at age 65 or older in 1992 to 1999 from the 11 SEER areas and received chemotherapy.Overall, 17.3% of the elderly women with breast cancer chemotherapy received filgrastim and 6.8% received epoetin. The use of the growth factors increased significantly over time from 1992 to 1999 (P < .001 for trend). Compared with patients diagnosed in 1992 to 1994, patients diagnosed in 1998 to 1999 were more than five times and 65 times more likely to receive filgrastim and epoetin, respectively, after controlling for other factors such as age and comorbidity. There also was substantial geographic variation in the use of hematopoietic growth factors, ranging from 10.6% in Seattle to 22.9% in Atlanta. Significant predictors of growth factors included patient age, race, tumor stage, and comorbidity.There were substantial temporal and geographic variations in the use of hematopoietic growth factors among patients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. The nationwide and population-based Medicare claims provide potential for examining the effectiveness, medical costs, and cost effectiveness of hematopoietic growth factors in the community.
Case report: Streptomycin-induced anaphylactic shock during oocyte retrieval procedures for in vitro fertilization
Authors: Motoyasu Iikura, Masao Yamaguchi, Koichi Hirai, Akihiko Suenaga, Toshihiro Fujiwara, Tomoyuki Fujii, Yuji Taketani, Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Validation of respiratory inductive plethysmography using the Qualitative Diagnostic Calibration method in anaesthetized infants
Authors: K Brown, C Aun, E Jackson, A Mackersie, D Hatch, J Stocks
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

The aim of this study was to compare tidal volume (VT) derived from the Qualitative Diagnostic Calibration (QDC) method (VT,QDC) with measurements from pneumotachography (VT,PN,T) in anaesthetized infants. Measurements were made during spontaneous (SV) and intermittent positive pressure (IPPV) ventilation, sighs and airway occlusions. The VT,DIF was the difference between VT,QDC and VT,PNT (%VT). The contribution of the ribcage (rc) to VT,QDC (%rc) and the thoracoabdominal phase lag were also derived. Twenty-eight infants, mean (SD) age 14.0 (6.2) months were studied. VT,QDC represented VT,PNT most closely when > or = 20 breaths were analysed. There was close agreement during SV immediately after the calibration period (95% limits of agreement (LA; QDC - PNT) -23, 3.0%). The 95% LA increased to -9.6, 10.2% after 10 min. Accuracy diminished during IPPV (95% LA -38, 31%), and sighs. During airway occlusions, when VT,PNT was zero, the 95% LA were -63, 4.1 mL x kg(-1). Mean phase lag was 36 and 2%, respectively, during SV and IPPV (p<0.05). The %rc appeared to be overestimated, being in excess of 50% in infants under 12 months. The Qualitative Diagnostic Calibration method used to estimate tidal volume in anaesthetized infants was limited by the need to analyse > or = 20 breaths and by a loss of within-subject accuracy if measurement conditions or pattern of breathing changed.
Spread of chikungunya from the Caribbean to mainland Central and South America: a greater risk of spillover in Europe?
Authors: H Noël, C Rizzo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

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Trees, Forests, and Other Implications of a <i>BRAF</i> Mutant Gene Signature in Patients With <i>BRAF</i> Wild-Type Disease
Authors: Jason E. Faris, David P. Ryan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

To identify patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) for whom the few available targeted therapies are appropriate,KRASand BRAFmutation status is increasingly used in routine clinical practice. However, clinicians and biologists alike are underwhelmed by this classification, given that the presence or absence of KRAS and BRAF mutations frequently fails to capture both the underlying biology for an individual tumor as well as the implications for prognosis and therapy.Indeed,apartfromtheconsistentlackofbenefitofepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ‐directed therapy in patients with KRAS codon 12 mutations, the implications of KRAS mutations are unclear with respect to prognostic and predictive value. The most common mutation in BRAF involves the substitution of a glutamic acidforvalineatposition600(V600E)ofexon15;thisoccursinupto 15% of patients with colon cancer. 1 The predictive value of a BRAF mutationforbenefitfromEGFRinhibitorsisunclear;some 2-4 butnot all 5 reports demonstrate decreased response to EGFR inhibitors. In contrast to the conflicting prognostic data for KRAS mutations, multiple studies link the presence of BRAF mutations to poor prognosis relative to their BRAF wild-type counterparts in stage II and III disease, 6,7 as well as stage IV disease. 4,5,8,9 The interaction of BRAF mutations with known positive prognostic indicators such as microsatelliteinstability(MSI)islessclear,butsuggestsanattenuatingeffect. For example, despite the data that report improved prognosis in patients with microsatellite unstable tumors (MSI-H), BRAF may act as a sort of trump card, with worsened prognosis in a subset of patients withMSI-H,BRAFmutantcoloncancer. 9,10 Inaretrospectiveanalysis of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial 89803, an adjuvant chemotherapy trial for stage III colon cancer, patients with MSI-H and concomitant BRAF mutation had an intermediate prognosisflanked on one side by the poor survival that has been exhibited
Sequence, Haplotype, and Association Analysis of<b><i>ADRβ2</i></b>in a Multiethnic Asthma Case-Control Study
Authors: Gregory A. Hawkins, Kelan Tantisira, Deborah A. Meyers, Elizabeth J. Ampleford, Wendy C. Moore, Barbara Klanderman, Stephen B. Liggett, Stephen P. Peters, Scott T. Weiss, Eugene R. Bleecker
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Rationale: The comprehensive evaluation of gene variation, haplotype structure, and linkage disequilibrium is important in understanding the function of β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRβ2) on disease susceptibility, pulmonary function, and therapeutic responses in different ethnic groups with asthma.Objectives: To identify ADRβ2 polymorphisms and haplotype structure in white and African American subjects and to test for genotype and haplotype association with asthma phenotypes.Methods: A 5.3-kb region of ADRβ2 was resequenced in 669 individuals from 429 whites and 240 African Americans. A total of 12 polymorphisms, representing an optimal haplotype tagging set, were genotyped in whites (338 patients and 326 control subjects) and African Americans (222 patients and 299 control subjects).Results: A total of 49 polymorphisms were identified, 21 of which are novel; 31 polymorphisms (frequency > 0.03) were used to identify 24 haplotypes (frequency > 0.01) and assess linkage disequilibrium. Association with ratio (FEV1/FVC)2 for single-nucleotide polymorphism +79 (p < 0.05) was observed in African Americans. Significant haplotype association for (FEV1/FVC)2 was also observed in African Americans.Conclusions: There are additional genetic variants besides +46 (Gly16Arg) that are important in determining asthma phenotypes. These data suggest that the length of a poly-C repeat (+1269) in the 3′ untranslated region of ADRβ2 may influence lung function, and may be important in delineating variation in β-agonist responses, especially in African Americans.
Risk of suicide during treatment with venlafaxine, citalopram, fluoxetine, and dothiepin: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Annalisa Rubino, Neil Roskell, Pat Tennis, Daniel Mines, Scott Weich, Elizabeth Andrews
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Objective To compare the risk of suicide in adults using the antidepressant venlafaxine compared with citalopram, fluoxetine, and dothiepin. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting UK General Practice Research Database. Participants 219 088 patients, aged 18-89 years, who were prescribed venlafaxine, citalopram, fluoxetine, or dothiepin from 1995 to 2005. Main outcome measures Completed suicide and attempted suicide. Results Venlafaxine users had a higher burden of risk factors for suicide, including previous suicide attempts and proxies for severe depression or depression that was difficult to treat. In the analysis for completed suicides, unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for venlafaxine compared with citalopram were 2.44 (95% confidence interval 1.12 to 5.31) and 1.70 (0.76 to 3.80), for venlafaxine compared with fluoxetine were 2.85 (1.37 to 5.94) and 1.63 (0.74 to 3.59), and for venlafaxine compared with dothiepin were 2.54 (1.07 to 6.02) and 1.31 (0.53 to 3.25). Compared with other study drugs, venlafaxine was also associated with an increased risk of attempted suicide, but adjustment for measured confounders substantially reduced the hazard ratios. Conclusions Venlafaxine use was consistently associated with higher risk of suicide compared with citalopram, fluoxetine, and dothiepin. Venlafaxine users had a higher burden of suicide risk factors, however, and adjustment for measured confounders substantially reduced the excess risks. Since the secondary data used in this analysis allowed only indirect and partial measurements of potential confounders, it is possible that residual confounding explains much, if not all, of the observed excess risk.
The symptom burden of primary brain tumors: evidence for a core set of tumor- and treatment-related symptoms
Authors: Terri S. Armstrong, Elizabeth Vera-Bolanos, Alvina A. Acquaye, Mark R. Gilbert, Harshad Ladha, Tito Mendoza
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

A set of symptoms common across cancers has been proposed to enhance quality of care and clinical research in solid tumor patients. Using data from several clinical studies, this study evaluated these symptoms in primary brain tumor patients. Symptom report data using the MD Anderson Symptom Instrument -Brain Tumor (MDASI-BT) from 621 patients enrolled in 8 clinical studies was used. The prevalence and severity of symptoms were reported as they relate to tumor grade, treatment stage and KPS. The sample was primarily white (82.5%) males (59%) with high-grade gliomas (75%). More than 50% of patients reported at least 10 concurrent symptoms, and 40% of patients reporting having at least 3 moderate-to-severe symptoms. Fatigue, drowsiness, difficulty remembering, disturbed sleep, and distress were the most severe symptoms reported by all tumor grades. Functional interference of symptoms with ability to work, perform activities, walk, and enjoy life was reported by more than 25% of patients. These results support a core set of symptoms, common in other solid tumor patients, that may impact clinical care and assessment of treatment benefit. Although only 5 of the Center for Medical Technology Policy list of proposed core symptoms met criteria for inclusion in this sample, 5 of the other proposed core symptoms were also reported in similar frequency as reported in the other cancer populations. This primary brain tumor population differed from other solid tumor patients in that other symptoms, which could be disease related, were more prevalent and thus should also be collected for these patients.
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells by the Steel Factor/KIT Signaling Pathway
Authors: David Kent, Michael Copley, Claudia Benz, Brad Dykstra, Michelle Bowie, Connie Eaves
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Understanding the intrinsic pathways that regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation and self-renewal responses to external signals offers a rational approach to developing improved strategies for HSC expansion for therapeutic applications. Such studies are also likely to reveal new targets for the treatment of human myeloid malignancies because perturbations of the biological processes that control normal HSC self-renewal divisions are believed to drive the propagation of many of these diseases. Here, we review recent findings that point to the importance of using stringent functional criteria to define HSCs as cells with longterm repopulating activity and evidence that activation of the KIT receptor and many downstream effectors serve as major regulators of changing HSC proliferative and self-renewal behavior during development.
Adult Psychiatric Status of Hyperactive Boys Grown Up
Authors: Salvatore Mannuzza, Rachel G. Klein, Abrah Bessler, Patricia Malloy, Maria LaPadula
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

Numerous studies have examined the adolescent and young adult fate of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In marked contrast, relatively little is known about the adult outcome of these children. There have been only two controlled, prospective studies of psychiatric status into adulthood. The present study was conducted to gain further understanding of the natural course of this common childhood condition.This was a prospective follow-up of clinically diagnosed, white boys of average intelligence who were referred by teachers to a child psychiatric research clinic at an average age of 7.3 years. At a mean age of 24.1 years, 85 probands (82% of the childhood cohort) and 73 comparison subjects (94% of adolescent comparison subjects) were directly interviewed by trained clinicians who were blind to group status.Evaluations of the probands and comparison subjects indicated significantly higher prevalences of antisocial personality disorder (12% versus 3%) and nonalcohol substance abuse (12% versus 4%) in the probands, whereas mood disorders (4% versus 4%) and anxiety disorders (2% versus 7%) were not significantly different. At adult follow-up, ADHD was rare, occurring in only 4% of the probands (no comparison subjects).The results of the present study are consistent with the authors' previously reported major findings. They strongly suggest that children with ADHD are at significantly higher risk for a specific negative course marked by antisocial and substance-related disorders.
Clinical response to primary letrozole therapy in elderly patients with early breast cancer: Possible role for p53 as a biomarker
Authors: Veerabhadram Garimella, Tasadooq Hussain, Vijay Agarwal, Selvi Radhakrishna, John N. Fox, Peter J. Kneeshaw, Ervine D. Long, Tapan K. Mahapatra, Penelope L. McManus, Michael J. Lind, Philip J. Drew, Lynn Cawkwell
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
RAPID VIRAL INDUCTION OF MURINE LYMPHOMAS IN THE GRAFT-<i>VERSUS</i>-HOST REACTION
Authors: Eugene A. Cornelius
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

When weanling (SJL/J x C57BL/1)F(1) hybrid mice were given five weekly-injections of small doses of viable SJL/J spleen cells, so as to induce a graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), reticulum cell sarcomas were induced in all of the host mice by the 40th day after the first cell injection. Such tumors, on transplantation, were accepted by syngeneic (SJL/J x C57BL/1)F(1) and C57BL/1 hosts, but not by SJL/J or NZB mice. Cell-free extracts of SJL/J spleens injected into similar hybrids resulted in identical tumors in all hosts within the same period; the transplantation characteristics were also similar. Normal (SJL/J x C57BL/1)F(1) hybrids as well as similar hybrids injected with SJL/J liver or syngeneic F(1) spleen cells did not develop tumors. Cell-free preparations of eight tumors induced in F(1)'s by viable SLJ/J spleen cells were injected into newborn (C57BL/1 x A)F(1) and C57BL/1 mice: tumors were induced, with seven of eight tumor preparations, with a latent period of 33-49 days. Such tumors were lymphosarcomas, and, in the case of (C57BL/1 x A)F(1) hosts, further transplantation revealed that they were antigenically C57BL/1 tumors. These experiments provide conclusive evidence for a viral etiology of GVHR-induced tumors. Furthermore, tumor induction in the GVHR does not appear to depend specifically on an immunological mechanism but is most probably due to release or activation of a sufficient quantity of oncogenic virus within a certain time period in a highly susceptible host. Comparison with radiation induction of viral leukemia in mice revealed similarities in regard to optimal host age and the spacing of administration of the tumor-inducing agent. SJL/J mice carry a type C virus which causes a high incidence of spontaneous Hodgkin-like tumors by 1 yr of age; C57BL/1 mice do not develop lymphomas spontaneously but carry a latent leukemogenic virus. Their hybrid also has a low incidence of spontaneous lymphomas. Based on the results of these and previous experiments, the viruses of these strains of mice appear to be highly synergistic in tumor induction in the GVHR. The SJL/J virus is a powerful oncogenic agent. The C57BL/1 virus may be a helper virus to the SJL/J, but is a more powerful determinant of the antigenic composition of the induced tumors. This suggests that the virus of C57BL/1 mice, when activated, is capable of controlling the C57BL/1 genome. Because of the ease and rapidity of viral tumor induction, the SJL/J and C57BL/1 strains of mice, with their F(1) hybrid, should be useful for further study of the mechanisms controlling induction of such tumors.
Cross-Neutralization of 1918 and 2009 Influenza Viruses: Role of Glycans in Viral Evolution and Vaccine Design
Authors: Chih-Jen Wei, Jeffrey C. Boyington, Kaifan Dai, Katherine V. Houser, Melissa B. Pearce, Wing-Pui Kong, Zhi-yong Yang, Terrence M. Tumpey, Gary J. Nabel
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2010)

The 1918 and 2009 pandemic influenza viruses are both inhibited by antibodies directed to an exposed region of the viral spike, but this region becomes shielded by glycans in influenza seasonal strains.