tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injured Brains of Medical Minds: Views From Within
Authors: Louis R. Caplan
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<i>Injured Brains of Medical Minds</i>is a wonderful book. It should be mandatory reading for all physicians and health professionals who care for patients with neurological diseases. All physicians would find it a good read and would profit from its multiple messages. The method of presentation and the content are unique. Kapur has edited a primary source book. The reader is presented detailed accounts of symptoms, experiences, and illnesses by the patients themselves and by close observers. The patients are professionals, mostly physicians and neuropsychologists, who have intimate knowledge of medicine and of brain function. To organize the material and optimize its didactic potential, Kapur takes an active and integrative role as editor, commentator, and analyst. He might have taken his cue from the early British novelist Henry Fielding. In<i>Tom Jones</i>, Fielding likens the author of a book to a host who invites his guests to a feast. The
Arthritis associated with adjuvant mycobacterial treatment for carcinoma of the bladder.
Authors: R A Hughes, S A Allard, R N Maini
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

A patient who developed an inflammatory polyarthritis following intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) used in the treatment of bladder cancer is described. An inflammatory synovitis comprising predominantly T lymphocytes was demonstrated on synovial biopsy. The synovitis resolved spontaneously within 14 days in this 'human model' of adjuvant arthritis.
Scavenger Receptor BI Boosts Hepatocyte Permissiveness to Plasmodium Infection
Authors: Samir Yalaoui, Thierry Huby, Jean-François Franetich, Audrey Gego, Armelle Rametti, Martine Moreau, Xavier Collet, Anthony Siau, Geert-Jan van Gemert, Robert W. Sauerwein, Adrian J.F. Luty, Jean-Christophe Vaillant, Laurent Hannoun, John Chapman, Dominique Mazier, Patrick Froissard
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
Mesothelial cell transplantation in the infarct scar induces neovascularization and improves heart function
Authors: I ELMADBOUH, Y CHEN, L LOUEDEC, S SILBERMAN, B POUZET, O MEILHAC, J MICHEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Cell transplantation and associated neovascularization in vivo may be beneficial in ischemic disease. We hypothesized that transplanted mesothelial cells (MCs) could improve neovascularization in the post-myocardial infarct scar in rats.Myocardial infarction was created by left coronary artery ligation in Lewis rats. After 3 weeks, surviving rats with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) <50% were randomized into 2 groups which received, via injection into the infarct scar, either syngeneic rat peritoneal MCs (transplanted group) or vehicle alone (control group). Rats were followed-up echocardiographically for 4 weeks. Before transplantation, cells were transfected in vitro or labeled by a fluorescent dye for subsequent tracking in vivo. Transplanted cells and neovascularization were assessed histologically in the infarct scar by immunostaining or intravenous FITC-dextran injection prior to sacrifice, from 1 to 30 days post-transplantation.Among other pro-angiogenic chemokines, cultured MCs released stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1alpha) (15.9 +/- 1.8 microg/mg protein) in vitro. At 1 month, some transplanted MCs were visualized (surviving or proliferating) in the LV scar and were incorporated in new vessels. The transplanted rats presented an increased vascular density in the scar, improved LV-EF (44.0 +/- 8.6% vs. 24.0 +/- 4.5%, p < 0.01) with decreased LV end-diastolic diameter (9.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 11.1 +/- 0.6 mm, p < 0.01) and volume (0.47 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.63+/-0.1 ml, p < 0.01) vs. controls. One week post-transplantation, higher levels of SDF-1alpha were extracted from LV peri-infarct tissue (32.3 +/- 5.8 vs. 22.6 +/- 3.1 pg/mg protein in controls, p < 0.01).Since autologous MCs can be obtained easily and cultured in large quantities, MC transplantation may represent a new angiogenic strategy in the prevention of ischemic remodeling.
Studies of human megakaryocytopoiesis using an anti-megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor antiserum.
Authors: H H Yang, E Bruno, R Hoffman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We produced an antiserum by immunizing rabbits with purified human megakaryocyte colony stimulating factor (Meg-CSF). With the use of an anti-Meg-CSF IgG fraction (AM-IgG), we detected immunoreactive Meg-CSF both in human aplastic anemia serum (AAS) and normal serum. Based on our immunological and biological analyses, Meg-CSF appeared to be antigenically as well as functionally distinct from human urinary erythropoietin (EPO) and thrombopoietic stimulating factor. The AM-IgG fraction was able to suppress the ability of both aplastic anemia serum and purified Meg-CSF to promote megakaryocyte colony formation. In addition, the supernatant formed after immune precipitation of the AAS with AM-IgG no longer possessed Meg-CSF-like activity. The AM-IgG did not suppress the ability of EPO, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocyte conditioned medium (PHA-LCM), or PHA-LCM + EPO to promote erythroid, granulocyte-macrophage, or mixed colony formation, respectively. The use of this antibody has further defined the dependency of human megakaryocytopoiesis on Meg-CSF.
Copy Number Gain of hsa-miR-569 at 3q26.2 Leads to Loss of TP53INP1 and Aggressiveness of Epithelial Cancers
Authors: Pradeep Chaluvally-Raghavan, Fan Zhang, Sunila Pradeep, Mark P. Hamilton, Xi Zhao, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Tyler Moss, Yiling Lu, Shuangxing Yu, Chad V. Pecot, Miriam R. Aure, Sylvain Peuget, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Hee-Dong Han, Dong Zhang, Avinashnarayan Venkatanarayan, Marit Krohn, Vessela N. Kristensen, Mihai Gagea, Prahlad Ram, Wenbin Liu, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Philip L. Lorenzi, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Koei Chin, Joe Gray, Nelson J. Dusetti, Sean E. McGuire, Elsa R. Flores, Anil K. Sood, Gordon B. Mills
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Favorable Long-Term Outcome After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Nonbifurcation Lesions That Involve Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery
Authors: Alaide Chieffo, Seung J. Park, Marco Valgimigli, Young H. Kim, Joost Daemen, Imad Sheiban, Alessandra Truffa, Matteo Montorfano, Flavio Airoldi, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Mauro Carlino, Iassen Michev, Cheol W. Lee, Myeong K. Hong, Seong W. Park, Claudio Moretti, Erminio Bonizzoni, Renata Rogacka, Patrick W. Serruys, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The presence of a lumen narrowing at the ostium and the body of an unprotected left main coronary artery but does not require bifurcation treatment is a class I indication of surgical revascularization.A total of 147 consecutive patients who had a stenosis in the ostium and/or the midshaft of an unprotected left main coronary artery (treatment of the bifurcation not required) and were electively treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and sirolimus-eluting stents (n=107) or paclitaxel-eluting stents (n=40) in 5 centres were included in this registry. In 72 patients (almost 50%), intravascular ultrasound guidance was performed. Procedural success was achieved in 99% of the patients; in 1 patient with stenosis in the left main coronary artery ostium, a >30% residual stenosis persisted at the end of the procedure, and the patient was referred for coronary artery bypass graft surgery. During hospitalization, no patients experienced a Q-wave myocardial infarction or died. One patient died 19 days after the procedure because of pulmonary infection. At long-term clinical follow-up (886+/-308 days), 5 patients had died; 7 patients had target vessel revascularization (5 repeat percutaneous coronary interventions and 2 coronary artery bypass graft surgeries), and of these only 1 patient had a target lesion revascularization. Angiographic follow-up was performed in 106 patients (72%) with a late loss of -0.01 mm. Restenosis in the left main trunk occurred only in 1 patient (0.9%).Percutaneous coronary intervention with sirolimus-eluting stents or paclitaxel-eluting stents implantation in nonbifurcation left main coronary artery lesions appears safe with a long-term major adverse clinical event rate of 7.4% and a restenosis rate of 0.9%.
Alteration of subcultured keratinocytes to a keratinizing epithelium
Authors: F.W. BAUER, R.M. GROOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Subcultured epithelial cells from guinea-pig ear skin were aggregated by means of nucleoprotein. After subsequent culturing under organ-culture conditions, a more or less organized epithelium which formed a new stratum corneum was reconstituted.
STANDARDIZATION OF THE ANTIMENINGITIS SERUM
Authors: James W. Jobling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1909)

The high variability in infectivity of Diplococcus intracellularis makes it impracticable to standardize the antimeningitis serum on the basis of the virulence of the diplococcus. The irregularity of reaction of small animals to the poison or endotoxin of Diplococcus intracellularis makes it impracticable to standardize the antimeningitis serum on the basis of endotoxic value. The want of uniformity in the complement-binding power of the antimeningitis serum, and the absence of established relation between complement-binding power and therapeutic activity make the employment of this method of standardization impracticable. The part taken by specific opsonins in promoting recovery from infection with Diplococcus intracellularis suggests their employment as a measure of the therapeutic activity of the antiserum. Methods of quantitative estimation of opsonic content of the antimeningitis serum being available, it would seem advantageous to adopt for the present as a standard of value a definite and suitable strength in opsonins of the antimeningitis serum. As a definite and suitable standard of strength a minimum dilution activity of a 1 to 5,000 dilution of the antiserum is proposed. Since the immune opsonins of the antimeningitis serum appear to be highly durable under proper conditions of refrigeration of the antiserum, the test proposed will be applicable when the antimeningitis serum shall have become an article of commerce.
Cardiac transplantation in 150 patients at Stanford University.
Authors: S W Jamieson, E B Stinson, N E Shumway
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A total of 150 patients underwent cardiac transplantation at Stanford between January 1968 and August 1978. Sixty-two patients were alive at the end of this period, when the expected one-year survival rate was 70%, with an attrition rate of roughly 5% thereafter. Changes in postoperative managment resulting from continuing research contributed to improved survival rates. The results are equal or superior to those for recipients of renal transplants from unrelated donors. Major centres that have suitably trained staff and appropriate facilities for cardiac surgery should perhaps reconsider cardiac transplantation as an alternative to death in certain patients.
Scintigraphic Demonstration of Intracranial Communication Between Arachnoid Cyst and Associated Subdural Hematoma
Authors: KUNIHIKO YOKOYAMA, NORIHISA TONAMI, MAKOTO KIMURA, AKIRA KINOSHITA, TAMIO ABURANO, KINICHI HISADA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

An arachnoid cyst found to have a communication to an associated subdural hematoma was demonstrated with the Tc-99m DTPA brain scintigraphy. Although arachnoid cysts are known to be silent, when a patient with an arachnoid cyst develops signs of increased intracranial pressure or neurological deficits, the presence of a complication, including subdural hematoma, intracystic hemorrhage or subdural hygroma, is highly suspected. In the present case, the patient with an arachnoid cyst had a subdural hematoma following minor head injury. Tc-99m DTPA brain scintigraphy showed abnormal accumulation of the tracer not only in the hematoma but in the arachnoid cyst. This observation suggested communication of the two lesions, which was confirmed at surgery.
Cardiovascular and hypokalaemic effects of inhaled salbutamol, fenoterol, and isoprenaline.
Authors: J Crane, C Burgess, R Beasley
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The cardiovascular and hypokalaemic effects of equal doses of inhaled fenoterol, isoprenaline and salbutamol were compared in eight healthy male volunteers, in a double blind, placebo controlled study. Increasing doses of 400, 600, and 800 micrograms were given from a metered dose inhaler at 15 minute intervals, followed by measurements of heart rate, blood pressure, total electromechanical systole (as a measure of inotropic response), QTc interval, and plasma potassium concentration. After repeated inhalation, fenoterol resulted in significantly greater chronotropic, electrocardiographic, and hypokalaemic effects than either isoprenaline or salbutamol. The maximum inotropic effect of fenoterol was similar to that of isoprenaline.
Molecular characterization of a cross-reactive idiotope on human immunoglobulins utilizing the VH4-21 gene segment.
Authors: K N Potter, Y Li, V Pascual, R C Williams, L C Byres, M Spellerberg, F K Stevenson, J D Capra
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibody (Ab) 9G4 binds a cross-reactive idiotope (CRI) present in a select group of human autoantibodies. This Id has been localized to the portion of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy (H) chains encoded by the VH4-21 gene segment, a member of the human VH4 family. This gene segment is utilized by essentially all cold agglutinin (CA) Abs with I/i specificity isolated from patients with CA disease stemming from chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. In this study, mutational analysis of a CA has been used to determine the structural basis for 9G4 binding to Abs utilizing the VH4-21 gene segment. Recombinant CA H chain mutants were produced and their 9G4 reactivity determined. Mutants were generated by exchanging VH4-21 sequences in the FR1, CDR1, and CDR2 with corresponding sequences from a closely related gene segment V71-2, a VH4 family member that is associated neither with Abs having CA activity nor with Abs that react with 9G4. The results indicate that the motif AVY at amino acid positions 23-25 in FR1 defines the 9G4 idiotope. Reaction of these recombinant Abs with a polyclonal rabbit anti-CA antiserum absorbed to render it specific for a CA CRI also maps predominantly to FR1. These findings indicate that the solvent-exposed FR1 plays an important role in eliciting an immune response to Igs.
Community-Based Participatory Research: A Vehicle to Promote Public Engagement for Environmental Health in China
Authors: Robbie Ali, Kenneth Olden, Shunqing Xu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

In the past 25 years, China has experienced remarkable economic growth and rapid agricultural-to-industrial and rural-to-urban transitions. As a consequence, China now faces many daunting environmental challenges that are significantly affecting human health and quality of life, including indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, loss of agricultural land, and sustainability. Chinese government leaders have recently emphasized the need for better environmental protection practices along with interventions involving strong public participation.Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that involves community members, organizational representatives, and researchers as equal participants in all phases of the research process. Over the past 15 years, CBPR has gained recognition and acceptance and is now valued as a means to effect change and provide scientific knowledge relevant to human health and the environment. In this article we highlight the success of CBPR in the United States and suggest that it could be a useful model for addressing environmental health problems in the People's Republic of China.CBPR can reduce the tension between science and society by promoting genuine communication, by enabling scientists and administrators to listen and respond to the public, by allowing communities to help shape the research agenda, and by increasing accountability of researchers and governments to the public.CBPR can potentially help improve environmental health in China, but it is likely to take a different form than it has in the West because the government will be leading the way.
Aerobic work capacity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
Authors: M S Riley, C J O'Brien, D R McCluskey, N P Bell, D P Nicholls
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the aerobic work capacity of patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome and compare it with that of two control groups, and to assess the patients9 perception of their level of activity before and during illness. DESIGN--A symptom limited exercise treadmill test with on line gas analysis and blood sampling was used. Subjects were assessed by one investigator, who was blind to the group which they were in. SETTING--Department of medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast. SUBJECTS--13 Patients (10 women, three men) who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome. Two control groups of similar age, sex, and body weight: 13 normal subjects (10 women, three men) and seven patients (five women, two men) with the irritable bowel syndrome. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Aerobic work capacity as assessed by several variables such as length of time on treadmill, heart rate, and biochemical measurements; Borg score; and visual analogue scores of perceived level of physical activity. RESULTS--The patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome had a reduced exercise capacity compared with that of the other subjects, spending a significantly shorter time on the treadmill. They had a significantly higher heart rate at submaximal levels of exertion and at stage III exertion had significantly higher blood lactate concentrations. Using a Borg score, they showed a significantly altered perception of their degree of physical exertion with a mean score of 8.2 compared with 6.6 and 5.3 for the normal subjects and patients with the irritable bowel syndrome respectively. Using a visual analogue scale they indicated that they had a greater capacity for activity before illness than had the patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, but the scores were not significantly different between the two groups. Both groups of patients indicated reduced activity at the time of testing. Normal controls and patients with the irritable bowel syndrome aspired to a greater level of activity than their current level, but the patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome aspired to a level similar to that which they had had before their illness. CONCLUSIONS--Patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome have reduced aerobic work capacity compared with normal subjects and patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. They also have an altered perception of their degree of exertion and their premorbid level of physical activity.
Targeting a GFP reporter gene to the MIXL1 locus of human embryonic stem cells identifies human primitive streak–like cells and enables isolation of primitive hematopoietic precursors
Authors: Richard P. Davis, Elizabeth S. Ng, Magdaline Costa, Anna K. Mossman, Koula Sourris, Andrew G. Elefanty, Edouard G. Stanley
Journal: Blood (2007)
Some Circulatory Effects of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Man
Authors: P. HARRIS, H. W. FRITTS, A. COURNAND
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Continuous infusions of small quantities of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were made into the pulmonary artery in 7 human subjects. In only 1 instance was there an unequivocal rise in pressure in the pulmonary artery and this was accompanied by a rise in brachial arterial pressure. The most consistent effect of the drug was to raise the heart rate. There was no effect on the cardiac output. Single rapid injections of 5-HT were made into the right atrium in 3 other subjects. In 1 of these subjects the injection of 4 µg. per Kg. caused transient ventricular arrest and systemic hypotension followed by a sustained rise in pressure in the pulmonary and brachial arteries. The results of this study were thought to indicate the presence of a Bezold-like reflex. The rapid injection of 5-HT was therefore thought to be dangerous and the investigation was discontinued.
Evaluating Outcomes of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Africa
Authors: Eran Bendavid
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters19 January 2010Evaluating Outcomes of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in AfricaEran Bendavid, MD, MSEran Bendavid, MD, MSFrom Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Ms. Sedio, Dr. Montaner and colleagues, and Dr. Johnson and colleagues for their thoughtful comments. Ms. Sedio points out the importance of HIV prevention as a cornerstone of long-term response to the epidemic. We agree, but need to highlight 2 important caveats: First, our analysis does not suggest that PEPFAR failed on prevention. As Drs. Montaner and Johnson and their colleagues suggest, a relative reduction in deaths with parallel prevalence trends implies some reduction in incidence.Second, although we are in favor of HIV prevention, it is not clear which prevention efforts are effective and sustainable. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Eran Bendavid, MD, MSAffiliations: From Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Africa: An Evaluation of Outcomes Eran Bendavid and Jayanta Bhattacharya Evaluating Outcomes of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Africa Grace Sedio Evaluating Outcomes of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Africa Julio S.G. Montaner , Viviane D. Lima , and Brian G. Williams Evaluating Outcomes of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Africa Peter D. Johnson , Laura M. Heaton , Peter O. Way , Timothy B. Fowler , and Dianna M. Edgil Metrics 19 January 2010Volume 152, Issue 2Page: 132-133KeywordsAIDSConflicts of interestHIVHIV preventionMortality ePublished: 19 January 2010 Issue Published: 19 January 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Metastatic Calcification of the Stomach Imaged on a Bone Scan
Authors: RUTH GOLDSTEIN, U YUN RYO, STEVEN M. PINSKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

A whole body bone scan obtained on a 21-year-old woman with sickle cell disease and chronic renal failure showed localization of the radionuclide diffusely in the stomach. The localization of the radionuclide represented metastatic calcification of the stomach caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism.