tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The expression and function of G-proteins in experimental intimal hyperplasia.
Authors: M G Davies, V Ramkumar, T W Gettys, P O Hagen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

G-proteins are membrane-bound signal transduction proteins which couple extracellular receptor signals to various effectors. This study examines the expression and the function of G-proteins (alpha i, alpha s, alpha q, and alpha o) in experimental intimal hyperplasia. Vein bypass grafts were placed in 30 New Zealand White rabbits and were harvested after 28 d. The contralateral jugular veins served as controls. Isometric tension studies were performed on rings from veins and vein grafts (n = 10), and Western blot and mRNA analyses were performed in another 20 vessels. There was a fivefold increase in alpha q, a 2.7-fold increase in the alpha i2, and a 3.3-fold increase in alpha s expressions in vein grafts compared with veins. Detectable expression of alpha i3 was observed in vein grafts but not in jugular veins. In addition, there was a 3.8-fold increase in beta subunits in the vein grafts compared with the veins. mRNA for alpha s, alpha i3, and alpha i2 were all elevated in the vein grafts. No detectable levels of the alpha i1 protein or its mRNA were present in either veins or vein grafts. Contractile responses in the veins were not inhibited by pertussis toxin. The contractile responses to norepinephrine were enhanced by twofold, and the responses to serotonin developed de novo in vein grafts compared with veins. The contractile responses to both norepinephrine and serotonin were only partially inhibited by pertussis toxin in the vein grafts even though there was 100% ADP ribosylation with pertussis toxin in both veins and vein grafts. These data suggest that intimal hyperplasia is associated with increased or novel expression of G-proteins in vivo which occur simultaneously with the development of pertussis toxin-sensitive contractile responses. Changes in G-proteins at a transcriptional level or at the level of RNA stability may be involved in the response of smooth muscle cells to injury and to intimal hyperplasia formation.
Peer review: Unreliable reviewers
Authors: B. Lush
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

The editorial 'Too little quality; too many doctors' (June 2006 JRSM 1 ) is incorrect to suggest that the General Medical Council (GMC) had a 'sudden demand for overseas graduates to have a work permit'.The GMC does not have any visa requirements for international medical graduates (IMGs).The Home Office is responsible for setting visa requirements.International medical graduates are responsible for ensuring that they have the appropriate visa when they enter the UK.
THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF BRONCHIECTASIS
Authors: CARL A. HEDBLOM
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Bronchiectasis is an infection in a pathologic dilatation of one or more bronchial segments. Various coexisting stages of inflammatory thickening, ulcerative thinning and cicatricial contraction of the bronchial walls characterize the pathologic anatomy and determine the clinical manifestations of the disease. The infection may remain limited to the bronchial walls or extend into the lung parenchyma with resulting sclerosis or pulmonary abscess, or both.  Bronchiectasis may be unilateral or bilateral, localized or diffuse, cylindric, saccular or fusiform. It usually affects the lower lobes only, the left more often than the right. The dilatations of the bronchi may be congenital or acquired. In the congenital type, infection determines the onset of symptoms. In the acquired, infection and various mechanical factors play a variable combined role in producing the dilatations.  DIAGNOSIS  The diagnosis of bronchiectasis has been based essentially on the presence of a chronic cough with purulent sputum and on the
International Variation in Readmission After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Richard Andraws
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tri-State Toxic Shock Syndrome Study: Methodologic Analysis
Authors: MICHAEL T. OSTERHOLM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The case-control study method was used to ascertain risk factors for development of menstrual toxic shock syndrome in the Tri-State Toxic Shock Syndrome Study. Evaluation of the methods used in this study considers the potential effect of susceptibility, performance, and detection biases on the statistical comparisons. The critique supports the statistical conclusion that there is an increased risk of developing menstrual toxic shock syndrome with the use of tampons.
Centrosomal Nlp is an oncogenic protein that is gene-amplified in human tumors and causes spontaneous tumorigenesis in transgenic mice
Authors: Shujuan Shao, Rong Liu, Yang Wang, Yongmei Song, Lihui Zuo, Liyan Xue, Ning Lu, Ning Hou, Mingrong Wang, Xiao Yang, Qimin Zhan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Disruption of mitotic events contributes greatly to genomic instability and results in mutator phenotypes. Indeed, abnormalities of mitotic components are closely associated with malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Here we show that ninein-like protein (Nlp), a recently identified BRCA1-associated centrosomal protein involved in microtubule nucleation and spindle formation, is an oncogenic protein. Nlp was found to be overexpressed in approximately 80% of human breast and lung carcinomas analyzed. In human lung cancers, this deregulated expression was associated with NLP gene amplification. Further analysis revealed that Nlp exhibited strong oncogenic properties; for example, it conferred to NIH3T3 rodent fibroblasts the capacity for anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumor formation in nude mice. Consistent with these data, transgenic mice overexpressing Nlp displayed spontaneous tumorigenesis in the breast, ovary, and testicle within 60 weeks. In addition, Nlp overexpression induced more rapid onset of radiation-induced lymphoma. Furthermore, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from Nlp transgenic mice showed centrosome amplification, suggesting that Nlp overexpression mimics BRCA1 loss. These findings demonstrate that Nlp abnormalities may contribute to genomic instability and tumorigenesis and suggest that Nlp might serve as a potential biomarker for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic target.
Food industry can cooperate in improving population health if government is committed
Authors: E. J. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Industry cannot be left to improve population health, but it can cooperate if government is sufficiently committed.1 The best example of this is the North Karelia project in Finland, which when rolled out as a national programme reduced the incidence of ischaemic heart disease over 24 years by 65%.2

This happened as a result of the realisation in the 1960s that Finland had an exceptionally high rate of heart disease with high levels of risk factors—high …
Foetal and Neonatal Physiology: A Comparative Study of the Changes at Birth
Authors: Ruth A. Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Data on the physiology of the fetus and the neonate have been accumulating rapidly in the past decade. The knowledge accrued is heterogeneous, reflecting the results obtained from many species of animals and a variety of laboratory techniques. This information explosion has been staggering to the obstetrician, neonatologist, physiologist, pediatrician, and physician wishing to assess the current knowledge in a specific area. For many years, Dr. Geoffrey S. Dawes has, through original research, contributed richly to knowledge of the perinatal period. Now in his text,<i>Foetal and Neonatal Physiology</i>, Dr. Dawes catalogues in 247 pages the information sifted from a legion of contributions. Considered methodically and in separate chapters are the many facets of intra- and extra-uterine physiology—from the functions of the placenta to the adaptation of the newborn to his environment. The author succeeded well in his goal "to cover the main features of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems,
GRO alpha and interleukin-8 in Pneumocystis carinii or bacterial pneumonia and adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: J Villard, F Dayer-Pastore, J Hamacher, J D Aubert, S Schlegel-Haueter, L P Nicod
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are the predominant inflammatory cells recruited in acute lung injury. This study compares the concentration of interleukin-8 (IL-8) to those of GRO alpha, both of which are CXC chemokines, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in three acute pathologic states: bacterial pneumonia (BPN); adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Levels of both IL-8 and GRO alpha were below 5 pg/ml in 16 nonsmoking volunteers who served as controls. Despite more than twice as many neutrophils in the BALF of the BPN group (n = 12) than in the group with ARDS (n = 13), both groups had similar levels of IL-8, of 569 +/- 120 pg/ml and 507 +/- 96 pg/ml, respectively. The GRO alpha concentrations in the BPN and ARDS patients were respectively 3.3 and 3.4 times those of IL-8, reaching 1,870 +/- 314 pg/ml for the BPN and 1,699 +/- 377 for the ARDS patients. In the PCP group (n = 48, 45 human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]-positive, 3 HIV-negative), GRO alpha levels (897 +/- 172 pg/ml) were sevenfold higher than IL-8 levels (123 +/- 40 pg/ml). In all pathologic states there was a good correlation between GRO alpha and IL-8 (r = 0.53, p = 0.0001). GRO alpha or IL-8 both correlate with the absolute neutrophil number/ml when all groups were studied together (r = 0.52, p = 0.0001). Only in the PCP and ARDS groups did IL-8 correlate with the PMN number.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PREDICTING MICROVASCULAR OBSTRUCTION AND IN-HOSPITAL MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS BY SPECKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AFTER REPERFUSION THERAPY COMPARED TO CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Authors: Hang Zhao, Heng Ge, Zheng Li, Zhiqing Qiao, Ben He, Xuedong Shen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) features of annular pancreas: duodenal ulceration and a dilated bile duct
Authors: E. Wee, N. Varghese, M. Tung, H. Low
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Annular pancreas is a rare congenital anomaly in which a ring of pancreatic tissue encircles the second part of the duodenum [1]. Here we present the endoscopic findings in two patients with annular pancreas, including the first endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) video to be published of the condition, illustrating the pancreatic duct coursing around the duodenum.
Antihemophilic factor inhibitors. Management with prothrombin complex concentrates
Authors: P. Kelly
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Prothrombin complex concentrates have been evaluated in the treatment of acute bleeding episodes occurring in 11 hemophilic and two nonhemophilic patients with factor VIII inhibitors. In several of the hemophilic patients, a continued fall in inhibitor levels has been observed coincident with continued use of the concentrate Proplex, and one of these patients is now responsive to factor VIII therapy. The therapeutic effectiveness of prothrombin complex products appears to be related to the presence of small amounts of activated factors or to the continued formation of factor Xa in vivo as a result of the increased levels of prothrombin and factors VII and X. Until high-potency activated products are available, prothrombin concentrates offer an effective means of treating patients with factor VIII inhibitor. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2061-2064, 1976)
THE RELATIONSHIP OF RENAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION TO RENAL FUNCTION AND WEIGHT IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL AND DISEASED KIDNEYS*
Authors: Archer P. Crosley, Cesar Castillo, George G. Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1961)

In previous studies of renal oxygen consumption in man the results have been expressed in the fol- lowing terms: a) the total oxygen consumed per two kidneys per minute (TQo2) (1); b) the quan- tity of oxygen utilized per 100 g per minute based on the measurement of TQ02 and an assumed weight of 300 g per two kidneys (1); c) the TQ02 as related to total renal blood flow (TRBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (2).In the later instance Cargill and Hickam (2) concluded that TQO2 was best correlated with the GFR.Bradley and Halperin (3), on the other hand, suggested that the TQO2 of the kidney was probably related to the "tubular functional mass" as determined by the tubular maximal secre- tory capacity for sodium para-aminohippurate (TmPAH).However, as noted by Smith (4), no data have been forthcoming with regard to the latter relationship.Therefore, the present paper is an attempt: 1) to provide data in which the relationship between the total renal oxygen consumption and the TmPAII is defined in normal subjects and in patients with kidney disease; 2) to demonstrate the limitations of such a ratio (TQO2/TmPAH); and 3) to suggest that in future studies TQ02 be con- sidered alone and/or that oxygen consumption be determined as QO2 per 100 g per minute. MATERIAL AND, METHODSFive "normal" 1 subjects, 5 patients with essential hy- pertension (grade 2-3), 5 with diabetic nephropathy, 5
Effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on bile flow and calcium excretion in ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat livers
Authors: Takashi Ono, Naofumi Nagasue, Hitoshi Kohno, Masaaki Uchida, Yoshinari Takemoto, Dipok Kumar Dhar, Teruhisa Nakamura
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)
THE CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF SKIN*
Authors: P. D. MIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article THE CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF SKIN Get access P. D. MIER P. D. MIER Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Shin, Homerton Grove, London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue s2, 1 March 1969, Pages 14–17, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb12840.x Published: 01 March 1969
790. Evaluation of Immune Responses to Dystrophin in Humanized mdx HLA-A*0201 Dystrophic Mice: Application in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Gene Therapy after U7 snRNA-Mediated Exon Skipping
Authors: Florent Ginhoux, Sabrina Turbant, Marylène Leboeuf, David A. Gross, François Lemonnier, Luis Garcia, Olivier Danos, Jean Davoust
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Cellular immune responses may compromise long-term expression in Dystrophin-based gene therapy treatments. To predict cytotoxic T-cell responses mediated by dystrophin (DYST), we designed a new H-2-negative HLA-A*0201 transgenic mouse model breaded on mdx background bearing a stop mutation in DYST exon 23. After DYST plasmid injection we identified a shared mouse/human specific DYST epitope located on exon 24, which elicits HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T cell activities in all mice. We found however, that rescue of dystrophic muscle by a single administration of an AAV vector expressing antisense sequences linked to a modified U7 small nuclear RNA (Goyenvalle A, Vulin A, Fougerousse F, Leturcq F, Kaplan JC, Garcia L, Danos O., Science. 2004, 306 : 1796-9) restores long term expression of DYST in muscle fibres and does not induce CTL activity against DYST in mdx HLA-A*0201 mice. This persistent exon skipping removes exon 23 and restores DYST exon 24 on the dystrophin messenger mRNA of the mdx HLA-A*0201 mouse. Several procedures were then attempted to induce muscle inflammation secondary to exon skipping. They failed to trigger effector CTL responses and failed to trigger immune rejection of rescued muscles fibres. We conclude that in contrast to delivery of DYST plasmid, rescuing dystrophic muscle through U7 snRNA-mediated exon skipping does not induce a primary immune response directed by exon 24 DYST sequence. The knowledge of HLA-A*0201-restricted human DYST peptides will be of importance to assay the occurrence of immune responses in HLA-A*0201 positive humans enrolled in future clinical studies.
The Metric System
Authors: Heinrich Lamm
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A TV anchorman said in a discussion of the metric system: "If we get the metric system, the sportscaster will say: 'Third down and 4.572 to go,' referring to the fact that 1 yard equals 0.9144 meter. Maybe he just wanted to be funny; however, some of his remarks ridicule the metric system. The Journalrecently described a man as "195.58 cm (6 ft 5 in) tall." I knowThe Journalis above suspicion of subversive opposition to the metric system. Yet, giving a man's height to tenths of a millimeter carries things too far. Incidentally, if utter exactitude was wanted, the height should have been given as 322,856,370.3134 wavelengths of orange-red krypton 86 light, as 1 meter is defined as 1,650,763.73 such wave-lengths. Seriously now,The Journalshould have said<i>1.96 meters</i>, because where the metric system is used routinely and exclusively, height is stated in
Hyperlipidemia: Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Peter T. Kuo
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Experimental, clinical, and epidemiologic studies have solidly established a close association between hyperlipemia (hyperlipoproteinemia) and the development of atherosclerosis, and especially coronary heart disease. This monograph provides a timely review of the many recent advances in this area. It covers basic biochemistry and the function of lipoproteins, relevant epidemiologic research, the genetic and pediatric aspects of dyslipoproteinemia, clinical and laboratory methods to differentiate different types of hyperlipemia, and medical and surgical methods currently available for their control. Since patients with coronary artery disease usually remain asymptomatic for years until the disease has progressed to advanced stages, cardiologists and pediatricians should be encouraged to acquire a better understanding of this major risk factor to practice preventive medicine for eventual control of the major cause of death in developed countries. The study of primary hyperlipemias could lead to unraveling of the basic cellular metabolic abnormality of different hyperlipemias. This may account for
Our Friend the Doctor — Institute of Religion and Medicine? — Cowboy Walk
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE altered character of family doctoring that has resulted from the National Health Service continues to exercise the minds of the planners and remains a source of serious discontent among many general practitioners. Yet another study of the problem has been made — on this occasion by a committee under the chairmanship of a leading general practitioner, Dr. Annis Gillie.In its report the committee points out that for the last hundred years, the general practitioners have been providing continuous medical care for their patients. This care has been available in the patient's home when necessary and in the doctor's . . .
The case for a Code of Ethics for Bioethicists: Some Reasons for Skepticism
Authors: Franklin G. Miller
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

1. The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the National Institutes of Health, the Public Health Service, or the Department of Health and Human Services. Notes 1. The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the National Institutes of Health, the Public Health Service, or the Department of Health and Human Services.
Amylin secretion from the rat pancreas and its selective loss after streptozotocin treatment.
Authors: A Ogawa, V Harris, S K McCorkle, R H Unger, K L Luskey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Amylin, a peptide copackaged with insulin in beta-cell granules, was measured in the effluent of the perfused rat pancreases by means of a newly developed specific radioimmunoassay. Its secretion parallels that of insulin in response to 20 mM glucose, 10 mM arginine, or the combination thereof. The relative molar amount of secreted amylin was estimated to be 25-37% that of insulin. Treatment with a borderline diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin reduced amylin response without significantly changing the insulin response. A severely diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin totally abolished amylin release and markedly reduced insulin release. The selective impairment of amylin secretion in streptozotocin-treated rats could represent an early manifestation of beta-cell depletion or injury.
Electrocardiogram-Gated Intravascular Ultrasound Image Acquisition After Coronary Stent Deployment Facilitates On-Line Three-Dimensional Reconstruction and Automated Lumen Quantification
Authors: Clemens von Birgelen, Gary S Mintz, Antonino Nicosia, David P Foley, Wim J van der Giessen, Nico Bruining, Sergei G Airiian, Jos R.T.C Roelandt, Pim J de Feyter, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Dual Blockade of HER2 in HER2-Overexpressing Tumor Cells Does Not Completely Eliminate HER3 Function
Authors: Joan T. Garrett, Cammie R. Sutton, María Gabriela Kuba, Rebecca S. Cook, Carlos L. Arteaga
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Dual blockade of HER2 with trastuzumab and lapatinib or with pertuzumab is a superior treatment approach compared with single-agent HER2 inhibitors. However, many HER2-overexpressing breast cancers still escape from this combinatorial approach. Inhibition of HER2 and downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT causes a transcriptional and posttranslational upregulation of HER3 which, in turn, counteracts the antitumor action of the HER2-directed therapies. We hypothesized that suppression of HER3 would synergize with dual blockade of HER2 in breast cancer cells sensitive and refractory to HER2 antagonists. Experimental Design: Inhibition of HER2/HER3 in HER2+ breast cancer cell lines was evaluated by Western blotting. We analyzed drug-induced apoptosis and two- and three-dimensional growth in vitro. Growth inhibition of PI3K was examined in vivo in xenografts treated with combinations of trastuzumab, lapatinib, and the HER3-neutralizing monoclonal antibody U3-1287. Results: Treatment with U3-1287 blocked the upregulation of total and phosphorylated HER3 that followed treatment with lapatinib and trastuzumab and, in turn, enhanced the antitumor action of the combination against trastuzumab-sensitive and -resistant cells. Mice bearing HER2+ xenografts treated with lapatinib, trastuzumab, and U3-1287 exhibited fewer recurrences and better survival than mice treated with lapatinib and trastuzumab. Conclusions: Dual blockade of HER2 with trastuzumab and lapatinib does not eliminate the compensatory upregulation of HER3. Therapeutic inhibitors of HER3 should be considered as part of multidrug combinations aimed at completely and rapidly disabling the HER2 network in HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 19(3); 610–9. ©2012 AACR.