tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aspirin Inhibits Nuclear Factor–κB Mobilization and Monocyte Adhesion in Stimulated Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Christian Weber, Wolfgang Erl, Angelika Pietsch, Peter C. Weber
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule–1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin by tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF) is mediated by mobilization of the transcription factor nuclear factor–κB (NF-κB). Since salicylates have been reported to inhibit NF-κB activation by preventing the degradation of its inhibitor IκB, we studied a potential inhibition of this pathway by acetylsalicylate (aspirin) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods and Results Gel-shift analyses demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of TNF-induced NF-κB mobilization by aspirin at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 mmol/L. Induction of VCAM-1 and E-selectin surface expression by TNF was dose-dependently reduced by aspirin over the same range, while induction of intercellular adhesion molecule–1 (ICAM-1) was hardly affected. Aspirin appeared to prevent VCAM-1 transcription, since it dose-dependently inhibited induction of VCAM-1 mRNA by TNF. As a functional consequence, adhesion of U937 monocytes to TNF-stimulated HUVECs was markedly reduced by aspirin due to suppression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin upregulation. These effects of aspirin were not related to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity, since indomethacin was ineffective. Conclusions Our data suggest that aspirin inhibits NF-κB mobilization, induction of VCAM-1 and E-selectin, and subsequent monocyte adhesion in endothelial cells stimulated by TNF, thereby providing an additional mechanism for therapeutic effects of aspirin.
Fertility in women with rheumatoid arthritis: influence of disease activity and medication
Authors: Jenny Brouwer, Johanna M W Hazes, Joop S E Laven, Radboud J E M Dolhain
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>AIMS</h3> To address some of the issues in the ongoing debate over the optimal diagnostic imaging following childhood urinary tract infection (UTI), by determining the risk of missing renal cortical scarring which would be detected on a technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) gold standard if ultrasound alone were used, factoring for clinical features (upper or lower tract), UTI recurrence, and age group (infants, preschool, or school age). <h3>METHODS</h3> Details of UTI clinical features and recurrence were recorded for 990 children with a proven UTI, and their DMSA and ultrasound results were compared for each kidney. <h3>RESULTS</h3> The risks of missing DMSA scarring varied between 0.4% (school age children with solitary lower tract UTI) and 11.1% (infants with recurrent upper tract UTI). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> UTI clinical features are important in assessing the need for DMSA imaging. Current UK imaging guidelines are endorsed, although preschool children with solitary lower tract UTI remain a controversial group and more attention needs to focused on children with recurrent UTI.
Coming of Age — The Chemoprevention of Cancer
Authors: F L Meyskens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

With the aging of the population and the continued fall in rates of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer will emerge soon after the year 2000 with the dubious distinction of being the leading cause of death in the United States. Unfortunately, dramatic therapeutic successes in the treatment of cancer plateaued in the mid-1970s, and advances since have been incremental. Whether the remarkable progress in our understanding of the biologic and genetic underpinnings of normal and transformed cellular growth in the past 15 years will be translated into substantial therapeutic benefit remains to be demonstrated. Alternatives to therapy of late disease . . .
Circulating Autoantibody Against Human Myoglobin in Polymyositis
Authors: Masahiko Nishikai
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A passive hemagglutination method for circulating autoantibody to purified human skeletal muscle myoglobin has been developed. This antibody was detected in the sera of 22 of 31 patients with polymyositis. The incidence and the antibody titers were significantly higher than in other myopathies such as myasthenia gravis (P less than .02), Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy (P less than .001), and other conditions (P less than .001). This new antibody test is useful in diagnosing polymyositis.
Unnecessary x-rays?
Authors: B Gans
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Classification).There were 27 spontaneous deliveries, 8 forceps deliveries, and 9 caes- arean sections.In brief, there was a sharp fall in C.V.P. on delivery of the child in every case.During the third stage of labour the C.V.P. ranged from -2 to + 9 cm.H20 (zero level was the sternal angle).Each pa- tient received ergometrine 0-25 mg. or 0-5 mg.intravenously, sometimes before and sometimes after placental separation.Placental separation and the injection of ergometrine produced small and transient rises in C.V.P. (never more than 3 cm.H20 and never lasting for more than 4 minutes).Blood loss was measured at these deliveries and was of the anticipated magnitude.1 2 It is believed that the direct effects of ergo- metrine on the veins were to a variable extent cancelled out by the effects of haemorrhage.
Anti-hepatitis B virus efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Yves Benhamou, Herve Fleury, Pascale Trimoulet, Isabelle Pellegrin, Renaud Urbinelli, Christine Katlama, Willy Rozenbaum, Gwenael Le Teuff, Aldo Trylesinski, Christophe Piketty
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has shown in vitro activity against both HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV). We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of TDF (300 mg/d), administered as a part of anti-retroviral therapy, in a large cohort of HIV/HBV-coinfected patients. Sixty-five HIV/HBV-coinfected patients who received TDF for at least 6 months with serum HBV DNA levels above 2.3 log10 copies/mL at TDF initiation and who had stored serum samples before and during TDF therapy were included. Serum HBV DNA was measured on stored samples. The median follow-up period was 12 (Q1-Q3: 8-17) months. Serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was positive in 54 patients (83.1%). Fifty-two patients (80.0%) were receiving lamivudine (LAM) (150 mg twice a day), and 68.8% had documented LAM resistance at baseline. Among HBeAg-positive patients, the median reduction from baseline (8.17; Q1-Q3 = 7.30-8.30 log10 copies/mL) of serum HBV DNA was 4.56 log10 copies/mL (Q1-Q3 = 3.33-5.55) ( P &lt; .0001). In HBeAg-negative patients, serum HBV DNA decline from baseline (4.83; Q1-Q3 = 2.69-6.40 log10 copies/mL) was 2.53 log10 copies/mL (Q1-Q3 = 0.39-4.10). At the end of the study, HBV DNA became undetectable in 29.6% and 81.6% of the HBeAg-positive and HBeAg -negative patients, respectively. Serum HBeAg became negative in 4 patients, 2 of whom acquired serum hepatitis B e antibody. In conclusion , this retrospective analysis demonstrates the efficacy of TDF against wild-type, presumed precore mutants and LAM-resistant HBV when used as a part of anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-coinfected patients. (Hepatology 2006;43:548–555.)
MicroRNA-155 Suppresses Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase-Mediated Myc-Igh Translocation
Authors: Yair Dorsett, Kevin M. McBride, Mila Jankovic, Anna Gazumyan, To-Ha Thai, Davide F. Robbiani, Michela Di Virgilio, Bernardo Reina San-Martin, Gordon Heidkamp, Tanja A. Schwickert, Thomas Eisenreich, Klaus Rajewsky, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Journal: Immunity (2008)
Depression Does Not Affect the Treatment Outcome of CBT for Panic and Agoraphobia: Results from a Multicenter Randomized Trial
Authors: Angela Emmrich, Katja Beesdo-Baum, Andrew T. Gloster, Susanne Knappe, Michael Höfler, Volker Arolt, Jürgen Deckert, Alexander L. Gerlach, Alfons Hamm, Tilo Kircher, Thomas Lang, Jan Richter, Andreas Ströhle, Peter Zwanzger, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Controversy surrounds the questions whether co-occurring depression has negative effects on cognitivebehavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes in patients with panic disorder (PD) and agoraphobia (AG) and whether treatment for PD and AG (PD/AG) also reduces depressive symptomatology. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Post-hoc analyses of randomized clinical trial data of 369 outpatients with primary PD/AG (DSM-IV-TR criteria) treated with a 12-session manualized CBT (n = 301) and a waitlist control group (n = 68). Patients with comorbid depression (DSM-IV-TR major depression, dysthymia, or both: 43.2% CBT, 42.7% controls) were compared to patients without depression regarding anxiety and depression outcomes (Clinical Global Impression Scale [CGI], Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A], number of panic attacks, Mobility Inventory [MI], Panic and Agoraphobia Scale, Beck Depression Inventory) at post-treatment and follow-up (categorical). Further, the role of severity of depressive symptoms on anxiety/depression outcome measures was examined (dimensional). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Comorbid depression did not have a significant overall effect on anxiety outcomes at post-treatment and follow-up, except for slightly diminished post-treatment effect sizes for clinician-rated CGI (p = 0.03) and HAM-A (p = 0.008) when adjusting for baseline anxiety severity. In the dimensional model, higher baseline depression scores were associated with lower effect sizes at post-treatment (except for MI), but not at follow-up (except for HAM-A). Depressive symptoms improved irrespective of the presence of depression. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Exposure-based CBT for primary PD/AG effectively reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms, irrespective of comorbid depression or depressive symptomatology.
Fibrinolytic Activity in Thrombosed Veins
Authors: HAU C. KWAAN, TAGE ASTRUP
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Thrombosis of the femoral vein in rats was produced by the injection of thrombin, serum, or sodium morrhuate into ligated venous segments. The histologic effects were followed during resolution or organization of the thrombus and were correlated with the appearance and localization of fibrinolytic activity as assayed histochemically. Lysis of the venous thrombus began immediately when thrombin or serum had been used. Sites of thrombolysis were related to the presence of endothelial cells of venous origin and containing plasminogen activator. Sodium morrhuate destroyed the fibrinolytically active endothelial cells thus delaying thrombolysis. Recanalization was associated with the presence locally of active endothelial cells, originating presumably in the adjacent normal venous endothelium. These results support previous observations on the vascular origin of the plasminogen activator. They elucidate the role played by the fibrinolytically active endothelium in the resolution of venous thrombi. They also confirm and extend previous observations on the role of fibrinolytic activity in tissue repair.
Cortisone and Other Steroids in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: W. S. C. Copeman, O. Savage, P. M. F. Bishop, E. C. Dodds, B. Gottlieb, J. H. H. Glyn, A. A. Henly, A. E. Kellie
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Soon after Hench, Kendall, Slocumb, and Polley (1949) announced their preliminary results in treating active rheumatoid arthritis with 17-hydroxy-1 1-dehydrocorticosterone (" compound E "), hereafter called "cortisone," two of us (W. S. C. C. and 0. S.), with others, had an oppor- tunity of visiting the Mayo Clinic and seeing for ourselves the remarkable and rapid results obtained with this sub- stance.It was at once obvious that owing to the difficul- ties and high cost of production cortisone would not be available for some time in this country even for a limited clinical trial on a research basis.Consequently the present group was formed with the object of testing, with concurrent metabolic studies, other steroids which were more readily available, and of devising methods by which improvement in rheumatoid arthritis could be assessed in therapeutic trials of any substances which might be thought to have a cortisone-like action.On the occasion of a second visit to the Mayo Clinic by one of us (O.S.) a small supply of cortisone was made available to us at the instigation of Dr. Philip Hench.The present report deals with the results of the administration of cortisone to five patients suffering from rheuma- toid arthritis and 35 patients treated with other steroids. MethodsIn this condition, in which the severity of the disease may fluctuate from day to day and criteria of activity depend to a large extent on the patient's own account of his pain and disability, assessment of improvement is notoriously difficult.Moreover, in addition to the normal variations which occur as a part of the natural history of rheumatoid arthritis, the psychological effect of giving a new treatment may be very considerable, as has recently been shown by Quin, Mason, and Knowelden (1950).
Topical application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid, methyl 5-aminolaevulinate and hexyl 5-aminolaevulinate on normal human skin
Authors: A. Juzeniene, P. Juzenas, L-W. Ma, V. Iani, J. Moan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background 5‐Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and its ester derivatives are used in photodynamic therapy. Despite extensive investigations, the differences in biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) induced by ALA and its derivatives are still not well understood, notably for humans. Objectives To study porphyrin accumulation after topical application of ALA and two of its ester derivatives in normal human skin. Methods Creams containing 0·2%, 2% and 20% (w/w) of ALA, methyl 5‐aminolaevulinate (MAL) and hexyl 5‐aminolaevulinate (HAL) were applied on normal human skin of six volunteers. The amount and distribution of porphyrins formed in the skin was investigated noninvasively by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. Results Fluorescence emission and excitation spectra exhibited similar spectral shapes for the all drugs, indicating that mainly PpIX was formed. Low concentrations (0·2% and 2%) of MAL induced considerably less PpIX in normal human skin than similar concentrations of ALA and HAL. A high concentration (20%) of ALA gave higher PpIX fluorescence in normal human skin than was found for MAL and HAL. Conclusions The concentrations inducing half of the maximal PpIX fluorescence are around 2% for ALA, 8% for MAL and 1% for HAL.
Drug Use in Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
Authors: David Thomasma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Medical Writings15 August 1997Drug Use in Assisted Suicide and EuthanasiaDavid Thomasma, PhDDavid Thomasma, PhDLoyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-4-199708150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Drug Use in Assisted Suicide and EuthanasiaBattin MP, Lipman AG, eds. 360 pages. New York: Haworth Pr; 1996. $49.95. ISBN 1560248149. Order phone 800-342-9678.Field of medicine: Medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Practitioners, end-of-life specialists, ethicists, public policy specialists, and health lawyers.Purpose: To provide a rational approach to an emotional issue and to truly consider the strengths and weaknesses of arguments about assisted suicide and euthanasia.Content: The first of four sections examines ethical and institutional policy issues and is composed of chapters by a physician-ethicist, a pharmacist, and nurses. The second section focuses on the dying ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1997Volume 127, Issue 4Page: 335-336KeywordsAIDSDrug regulationDrugsEmotionsEuthanasiaMedical ethicsPharmacistsPublic policySuicideVision ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
NICE and BHS guidelines on hypertension differ importantly
Authors: Neil R Poulter
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Olfactory detection of human bladder cancer by dogs Cause or association?Editor-The study by Willis et al, testing whether dogs can detect signs of bladder cancer in urine, may be the occasion for an amusing cover for the BMJ but this should not be an excuse for relaxing intellectual rigor when assessing the experiment. 1 Neither the authors nor the commentator point out that the study design is unable to distinguish cause from association-a basic logical error.The dogs may be detecting "tumour related volatile compounds" or they may be detecting a substance in the urine that is associated with an increased risk of cancer.The most obvious candidate would be from cigarette smoking, which would be rather unoriginal, but it could also be other as yet unidentified substances.Furthermore, while the dogs may only be 41% accurate at detecting urine from people already diagnosed with cancer, the results would also be consistent with a higher accuracy for detecting patients at risk of cancer.The authors should follow up their interesting preliminary study rigorously and the BMJ should stick to the Christmas edition for letting down its usual standards of review.
Injection Technique in Infants-Reply
Authors: Alan R. Hinman
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Silber properly questions the appropriateness of the photograph that was included in the article entitled "TV Report on DTP Galvanizes US Pediatricians." We agree with him that the anterolateral aspect of the thigh is the location of choice for immunization of infants and regret that the photography showed an incorrect procedure. The photograph published was furnished from stock photographs at the Centers for Disease Control. We have now destroyed the remaining stock of this photograph to ensure that similar errors do not occur in the future. We share the views of the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics, which states the following in the most recent<i>Red Book</i>: Injectable vaccines should be administered in an area as free as possible of opportunity for a local neural, vascular, or tissue injury. In the past, the upper, outer quadrant of the buttocks was frequently selected
Growth hormone and interstitial fibrosis
Authors: D Grimm
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Beranek suggests that growth hormone rather prevents than reduces interstitial fibrosis in non-infarcted areas following experimental myocardial infarction in rats. We appreciate his thorough reading of our paper and his important contribution on the possible mechanisms of growth hormone on myocardial structure.

Indeed, we agree that Fig. 3B (showing the non-infarcted area of the left ventricle in an untreated rat), visualizes reactive as well as reparative fibrosis [1]. His …
Paraneoplastic pemphigus in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Renee Plumb, Gary C. Doolittle
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune disorder occurring in the setting of an underlying neoplasm in which patients have polymorphous skin and mucous membrane lesions.We describe a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed bullous, ulcerating lesions in an area being treated with radiation therapy.The diagnosis of PNP was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence of the patient's serum on rat bladder.The disorder was refractory to therapy, and ultimately the patient expired.
MODEL OF CARCINOMA OF THE LIP RECONSTRUCTED FROM SERIAL SECTION
Authors: Margaret Warwick
Journal: JAMA (1924)

For many years, anatomists and embryologists have isolated and studied various complicated structures by reconstructing them from enlarged serial sections, thus obtaining models with three dimensions. This method furnishes a picture that can never be obtained from the study of the structure at various planes in flat sections. So universal has the method become that it is now described in textbooks of anatomic technic; but up to the present time the procedure has not been utilized by pathologists in the study of diseased tissues. Such a method should prove as valuable in the study of pathologic tissues as normal ones, and with this end in view I have reconstructed a model from serial sections of an early carcinoma of the lip. The first tumor selected for trial was fixed in Zenker's solution; but because of the comparatively large size and the heavy bearded skin covering part of it, fixation was
Function of TRADD in tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling and in TRIF-dependent inflammatory responses
Authors: Maria A Ermolaeva, Marie-Cécile Michallet, Nikoletta Papadopoulou, Olaf Utermöhlen, Ksanthi Kranidioti, George Kollias, Jürg Tschopp, Manolis Pasparakis
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
Guns don't kill crowds, people with semi-automatics do
Authors: D. Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Why can’t we do a better job of protecting society from this type of attack?

Once again in the United States a seriously mentally ill man is suspected of mowing down a crowd before he can be wrestled to the ground.

This time the victims included a Congresswoman and a federal judge. A wave of shock spread across the country and around the world. Liberals blamed the mood of the country and violent rhetoric from conservative leaders. Conservatives howled with injustice and attacked the liberals for attacking them.

The handgun used for the attack was a Glock 19, a lightweight, compact, semi-automatic pistol that comes with a standard magazine holding 15 bullets of 9 mm calibre. Glock pistols have become the overwhelming choice of police departments around the world because of their light polymer construction and their ease of firing. They are called “semi-automatic” guns because, unlike revolvers that have one bullet per chamber, all the bullets can be fired by simply squeezing and re-squeezing the trigger. Jared …
117 THE BILE ACID PHOSPHOLIPID CONJUGATE URSODEOXYCHOLYL LYSOPHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMIDE EXERTS ANTI-FIBROGENIC EFFECTS AND INHIBITS EPITHELIAL-TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION BY BLOCKING TGFβ1/SMAD2/3 SIGNALING
Authors: A. Pathil, J. Müller, A. Warth, W. Chamulitrat, W. Stremmel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
One in three people would rather risk shorter life than take a daily pill, US study finds
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

One in three adults would rather risk having a shorter life than take a daily pill to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), a US online survey has found.

The survey of 1000 US residents aged 30 and over found that about 30% of participants were willing to trade some time at the end of their lives to avoid taking daily medicine for CVD, in results published in Circulation: Cardiovascular …
Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancers Detected in Three Subsequent Rounds of a Screening Trial: Characteristics, PSA Doubling Times, and Outcome
Authors: Stijn Roemeling, Monique J. Roobol, Stijn H. de Vries, Tineke Wolters, Claartje Gosselaar, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Fritz H. Schröder
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Hypoglycemia Following a Nateglinide Overdose in a Suicide Attempt
Authors: Shiho Nakayama, Takahisa Hirose, Hirotaka Watada, Yasushi Tanaka, Ryuzo Kawamori
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Various drugs are currently used for the treatment of diabetes. Several reports on overdose of these drugs, especially on sulfonylurea and metformin, have been published (1,2); however, few such publications are available on nateglinide, a rapid insulin secreatagogue. We report the first case of attempted suicide by nateglinide overdose. A 30-year-old Japanese nondiabetic woman was transferred to the emergency department of our hospital 1 h after (6:30 a.m.) ingesting 3,420 mg (38 tablets, 90 mg each) of nateglinide, which was prescribed to her diabetic partner. She had a mild psychiatric history and used minor tranquilizers occasionally. Upon arrival to the hospital, she was able to …