tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Undertreatment of Cancer Pain in Elderly Patients
Authors: Charles S. Cleeland
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mano Ranjan Das-Gupta
Authors: R. Das-Gupta
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Mano Ranjan Das-Gupta was born the middle son of a doctor in Burma. He was educated in Rangoon and Calcutta, and was a devout Hindu. Starting in his late teenage years he lived as a monk in a Hindu temple, swimming in the temple river with crocodiles. During the second world war, between escaping the …
Hyperprolinemia and lactatemia in alcoholic liver disease: Relationships to abstinence and histological findings
Authors: Marcos Rojking
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

It has not yet been established whether serum proline and blood lactate levels are increased in alcoholic liver disease. We measured serum proline and blood lactate in controls and in patients with different stages of alcoholic liver disease in the absence of hepatic failure. Samplings were done in both abstinent and drinking alcoholics. Compared to controls, there was a striking increase in serum proline levels in 52 abstinent alcoholics with little or no hepatic fibrosis by histological assessment (0.10 ± 0.01 vs. 0.155 ± 0.008; p &lt; 0.005). Blood lactate levels were within the normal range and did not correlate with serum proline levels. On the other hand, serum proline and blood lactate levels were independent of hepatic necrosis and inflammation scores. In addition, in 10 patients with blood alcohol concentrations between 0.3 mg/ml and 7.8 mg/ml, serum lactate and proline were significantly elevated (2.42 ± 0.29 mg/ml and 0.275 ± 0.0026 mg/ml, respectively; p &lt; 0.005). These results show that there is an association between serum proline levels and the abstinence period in alcoholic patients. They further suggest that in alcoholic patients neither serum proline nor blood lactate concentrations are reliable markers for liver histological activity (necrosis and Inflammation) or fibrosis.
THE ETIOLOGY OF UNILATERAL RENAL HEMATURIA
Authors: ALEXANDER RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1913)

It is my purpose to call attention to the r\l=o^\le played by congestion of one kidney, and the relative importance of this congestion as an etiologic factor in the causation of that symptom, unilateral hematuria.The pathology underlying unilateral hematuria associated with tuberculosis, calculus, neoplasm or infarct, in which only one kidney is involved, is too well known to require consideration at this time, for infil- tration, erosion and ulceration are in themselves sufficient to produce decided unilateral bleeding.But there is another large class of cases in which the pathology is obscure.This class includes a group of so-called essen- tial hematurias in which there is found no intrinsic renal lesion to account for the bleeding, and it is my opinion that here, as probably in other conditions to be considered, a congestion acts as the pri mum movens, an extrinsic lesion plus a resulting intrinsic congestion causing the unilateral bleeding.The congestion, if persistent, may result in a definite lesion in the kidney.Several writers have'mentioned the congestion found at operation or autopsy; others have considered conges¬ tion as being the possible cause of the microscopic changes found, but in no writings have 1 been able to find sufficiently definite stress laid on congestion as the actual cause of the liemaluria.It must be realized that if it were not.lor the appearance and persistence of this symptom, an overwhelming majority of the patients piesenting a hematuria would never seek medical advice; and moreover, when the patient has been relieved of this symptom, the internist or the surgeon is apt to consider that a cure has been obtained, irrespec¬ tive of the appearance or continuance of a trac-e of albumin or the finding of a tube-east.TIIKOKIICS 01'' KSS KN'TIAl.11IIM AT11IIA Briefly slated, the three main theories that have been offered to account for so-called essential hematuria are as follows:/. Chronic Nephritis.-Israel.1 Alharran,2 Rovsing,8 Kusier,'1 ZuckerkandP and Fowler1'' defend the position that: a ehronie nephritis is most frequently, if not always, (he underlying pathologic lesion.We know that nephritis may he only unilateral and moreover may involve only isolated areas in one kidney -
Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis
Authors: M. Doherty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Results from a workshop conference held in Wiesbaden in May 1991 are published here.The 47 reviews provide a comprehensive update of the biochemistry, physiology, and morphology of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage, and also touch on selected aspects of bone biochemistry, animal models, experimental pharmacology, and clinical areas relating to osteoarthritis.Edited discussion occurs after each review and the final section comprises one to two page abstracts of more focused work presented at the meeting.The editors and Raven Press are to be congratulated on producing this volume, with over 200 contributing authors, so soon after the meeting.Leading centres in osteoarthritis research from many countries are represented, and despite inevitable variability the standard of most of these well referenced reviews is high.Despite its 800 page thickness, the quality of production and the liberal interspersing with illustrations, tables, and prints make this a visually pleasing book.For those interested, or wishing to become interested, in basic science relating to osteoarthritis this up to date compilation is not only stimulating but also good value.
THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF CALCULOUS RENAL AND URETERAL DISEASE.
Authors: CHARLES LESTER LEONARD
Journal: JAMA (1902)

the snare.There are twenty-five cases or more on record of tumors of this sort and size which have been removed by pharyngotomy or by the mouth.The nature of the growth in my case was like that of an accessory thyroid.I had great difficulty in adjusting the snare, because the tumor had a very broad base, but finally removed it by means of an unusually large strong snare.Most of these tumors can be removed in this way, thus avoiding the difficulties and dangers of an ex- ternal operation, as well as avoiding a tracheotomy and leaving a bad scar in the neck.I do not know whether it would have
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule and Research Consent Documents
Authors: David A. Gorelick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters21 November 2006Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule and Research Consent DocumentsDavid A. Gorelick, MD, PhDDavid A. Gorelick, MD, PhDFrom the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-10-200611210-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: Shalowitz and Wendler (1) provide some helpful suggestions for reducing the length and complexity of research consent documents that also comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule requirements. However, I believe that one of their recommendations is not as straightforward as they present.They suggest that research consent documents incorporate the HIPAA requirement that revocation of authorization (that is, consent to research participation) be in writing. They acknowledge that written revocation of consent is not a requirement of the federal regulations for human research subject protection (2), but they do not address ...References1. Shalowitz D, Wendler D. Informed consent for research and authorization under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule: an integrated approach. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:685-8. [PMID: 16670138] LinkGoogle Scholar2. 45 CFR §46.117. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David A. Gorelick, MD, PhDAffiliations: From the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInformed Consent for Research and Authorization under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule: An Integrated Approach David Shalowitz and David Wendler Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule and Research Consent Documents David Wendler and David Shalowitz Metrics 21 November 2006Volume 145, Issue 10Page: 790KeywordsConflicts of interestDeception ePublished: 21 November 2006 Issue Published: 21 November 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Black β‐thalassemia homozygotes with specific sequence variations in the 5′ hypersensitive site‐2 of the locus control region have high levels of fetal hemoglobin
Authors: Ph. Beris, M. N. Kitundu, E. Baysal, C. Öner, K. D. Lanclos, A. J. Dimovski, F. Kutlar, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract We have sequenced the 5′ hypersensitive‐2 (5′HS‐2) site of the locus control region (LCR) and the promoters of the two γ‐globin genes located on chromosome 11 of a black patient with mild β‐thalassemia (β‐thal) major due to a homozygosity for the C → T mutation at position – 88 of the β promoter and with a high Hb F level. Sequence variations in the 5′HS‐2 were the same as observed for the β s chromosome with haplotype number 3, while most of the G γ promoter and the A γ promoter had sequences similar to that of the β s chromosome with haplotype number 19. This atypical haplotype (number 19A) is apparently associated with an increased γ chain production which is particularly evident during periods of severe hematopoietic stress. Additional studies on relatives of the proband and on 10 unrelated black β‐thal homozygotes with either the C → T mutation at – 88 or the A → G mutation at –29, confirm the possible importance of the sequence differences in the 5′HS‐2, and also suggest that at least two additional factors, namely a C → T mutation at position –158 of the G γ promoter and a relative deficiency in α chain synthesis play a (perhaps less important) role in the increased Hb F synthesis in these patients. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health Coverage in the States — Maine's Plan for Universal Access
Authors: Trish Riley, Elizabeth Kilbreth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

For at least 25 years, states have served as laboratories for health care reform initiatives, advancing strategies that have later been enacted by the federal government. In the 1970s, Hawaii led the way when it required most employers to provide health care coverage for workers or to pay a tax so that the government could do so. Hawaii received an exemption from Congress when the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) was enacted, allowing it to continue its pay-or-play experiment, which substantially reduced the number of uninsured in that state. In the 1980s and 1990s, states advanced Medicaid reforms and . . .
Doctors told to use positive language in managing pain
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (2003)

New national guidelines in Australia on managing acute back and musculoskeletal pain advise GPs to use neutral and non-threatening terms to avoid frightening patients and delaying their recovery.

Terms such as inflammation, degeneration, instability, rupture, and even arthritis should be avoided, said the draft report, as they “carry connotations of erosion, destruction and inevitable chronic pain.”

The report, which was funded by the federal government and which sought …
DEXTROSE-INSULIN TREATMENT OF SHOCK
Authors: PRESTON A. WADE
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Thalhimer 1 in 1923 first used insulin in the treatment of postoperative acidosis, reporting at that time three cases successfully treated by the use of dextrose and insulin, with an almost immediate cessation of acidosis and vomiting. Fisher and Snell 2 later successfully treated three cases of preoperative acidosis by the same method, with results which seemed to show a specific action of dextrose and insulin, more effective than dextrose alone.  As a result of the excellent results obtained in these cases, Fisher conceived the idea of treating cases of surgical shock by this method. In 1925 he 3 reported five cases of postoperative shock treated by dextrose intravenously and insulin subcutaneously with a rapid cessation of the typical symptoms of surgical shock. He was convinced at this time that the treatment seemed more rapid and certain than methods tried heretofore, and advised it as a specific method of treatment
Reversible Ischemia in Hippocampal Areas by Retrograde Cerebral Circulation Surgery for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm with Tc-99m ECD Brain SPECT
Authors: KOHEI HAYASHIDA, SHINICHI TAKAMOTO, YOSHIAKI HIROSE, NORIHIKO KUME, HIROYUKI HASHIMOTO, IHNHO CHO, TSUNEHIKO NISHIMURA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Because hippocampal neurons are quite vulnerable to the anoxic brain injury that sometimes occurs in aortic arch surgery in humans, hippocampal ischemia should be a sensitive indicator of global cerebral ischemia. It was concluded that the hypothermic retrograde cerebral circulation technique for aortic arch surgery could not only be performed safely with respect to the brain, but could also increase blood flow to the hippocampal areas, probably as a result of restoration of blood flow in the thoracic aorta.
Kawasaki Disease Epidemiology
Authors: David M. Morens
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was pleased to read Dr Hugh H. Hussey's most recent editorial comments on Kawasaki disease, or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (237:2326, 1977). He correctly points out that Kawasaki disease is prevalent in the continental United States and echoes another colleague's call for epidemiologic investigations.<sup>1</sup> I would like to take this opportunity to inform readers of<i>JAMA</i>that the Center for Disease Control (CDC) has been gathering epidemiologic information on Kawasaki disease since 1975. Although our disease surveillance system currently relies on passive reporting, last year we met with Drs Kawasaki, Yanagawa, and Kusakawa in part to discuss their Japanese surveillance system, which is conducted nationally and biennially by mailing of questionnaires to pediatrics departments of medium-size and large hospitals. If preliminary data indicate the need, we will consider undertaking such a survey in the United States. For the time being, I would encourage physicians and
Induction of a negative autocrine loop by expression of sst2 somatostatin receptor in NIH 3T3 cells.
Authors: I Rauly, N Saint-Laurent, N Delesque, L Buscail, J P Estéve, N Vaysse, C Susini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The somatostatin receptor subtype sst2 mediates both activation of a tyrosine phosphatase activity and inhibition of cell proliferation induced by somatostatin analogues. In the absence of exogenous ligand, expression of sst2 in NIH 3T3 cells resulted in inhibition of cell growth. Polymerase chain reaction coupled to reverse transcription demonstrated that expression of sst2 in NIH 3T3 cells stimulated the expression of preprosomatostatin mRNA accompanied by a production of immunoreactive somatostatin-like peptide which corresponded predominantly to somatostatin 14. Moreover anti-somatostatin antibodies suppressed sst2-promoted inhibition of cell proliferation. Inhibition of cell proliferation associated with increased secretion of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was also observed after expression of sst2 in human pancreatic tumor cells BxPC3 devoid of endogenous receptors. In addition, expression of sst2 in NIH 3T3 cells was associated with constitutive activation of tyrosine phosphatase PTP1C that resulted from enhanced expression of the protein. Blocking of PTP1C tyrosine phosphatase activity with orthovanadate or that of PTP1C protein with antisense PTP1C oligonucleotides decreased the sst2-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. These results, taken together, show that expression of sst2 in NIH 3T3 cells generated a negative autocrine loop by stimulating sst2 ligand production and amplifying PTP1C sst2-transducer. Sst2/ligand may function as a determinant factor involved in the negative growth control of cells.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF DEHYDRATION AND OVERHYDRATION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA TO COLLAPSE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ARTIFICIAL FEVER THERAPY 1
Authors: Herbert R. Brown, William F. Clark, Nathaniel Jones, Johanna Walther, Stafford L. Warren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)

The most common serious reaction encountered in the conduct of artificially produced fever ther- apy is a state of collapse which may appear at any time during the treatment.In 1100 treatments given in our clinic between 1930 and 1937, there was a 1 per cent mortality, and many other serious collapse reactions which were in some way con- cerned with the water and salt excretion and in- take during the treatment.Some of the patients in the early period lost from 3 to 5 kgm. in body weight during short treatments of 5 hours, while others lost little or no weight during prolonged treatments (10 to 27 hours) at 41.50 C. Later in this period, when the water intake was better ad- justed and sodium chloride administration was included during treatment, the loss in weight was reduced, and the collapse state was less often en- countered.Yet it still occurred at odd times in the year and in a curious sequence of cases.It bore no relation to the disease for which the pa- tient was being treated nor to the length of treat- ment administered, and often occurred in what ordinarily would be termed a "perfectly healthy young adult."This collapse state has many of the "ear marks" of what is termed surgical or traumatic shock in that there is an absence of sweating and urine, pallor, cold extremities even with rectal tempera- tures of 41.5°C.or higher, fall in blood pressure and venous pressure, retardation of the skin capillary response to digital pressure, cyanosis, and coma.Fatal outcome may be precipitated by a maniacal state before the coma ensues.Caffeine and adrenalin are ineffective, and oxygen-carbon dioxide mixtures are only of temporary benefit.In the early stages, vomiting prevents the inges- tion of water, although concentrated 2 to 25 per
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone*
Authors: LAWRENCE A. FROHMAN, JOHN-OLOV JANSSON
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1986)

THE PERIOD of time spanning the interval between the first postulate of the existence of a GH-releasing hormone (GRH) and the reports of its isolation and sequence encompassed more than two decades. In retrospect, several factors accounted for the exceedingly long interval. Most important were the requirement for development of new technology for both chemical purification and bioassay, the complexity of the stucture of GRH as compared to other releasing hormones, the susceptibility of GRH to biological inactivation during purification procedures, and the small quantities of hormone present in animal hypothalamus as compared with other hypophysiotropic hormones. However, once the sequence was identified, the rate of accumulation of knowledge concerning the biology of this hormone was extraordinarily rapid, resulting in information about the structure of its gene complex, the mechanisms of GRH action, the regulation of its secretion, and its potential use in treating both humans and animals. This review will address several of the above aspects of GRH, including the historical factors related to its isolation. We will also discuss extrapituitary actions of GRH, pathogenetic aspects of altered GRH secretion, and similarities and differences between GRH and other hypothalamic releasing hormones.
ACE I/D and AT1R A1166C polimorphisms in angiographically documented restenosis after primary coronary percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
Authors: F. Gensini, C. Fatini, B. Battaglini, M. Falai, M. Margheri, C. Giglioli, G. Pepe, M. Chioccioli, R. Abbate, G.F. Gensini
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Caffeine Use During Pregnancy: How Much Is Safe?-Reply
Authors: James L. Mills
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate that both sets of correspondents emphasized the main point of our article: moderate caffeine consumption (300 mg/d or less) was not associated with any adverse pregnancy outcomes. As we stated, we could not draw definitive conclusions about higher levels because too few women consumed more. Drs Hatch and Bracken also reemphasized our point that women volunteering for a study that required enrollment by 21 days after conception were not representative of the general population of pregnant women. On the other hand, this study design gave us numerous advantages over previous studies. The cohort was defined without the usual biases relating to the time women come for prenatal care, or whether they register because they have symptoms of threatened abortion. All miscarriages occurring after 21 days were detected in our study. We were able to collect the most detailed and timely information available to date on caffeine