tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correlation of echocardiographic wall stress and left ventricular pressure and function in aortic stenosis.
Authors: N L DePace, J F Ren, A S Iskandrian, M N Kotler, A H Hakki, B L Segal
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Previous studies have suggested that left ventricular pressure (P) can be predicted in patients with aortic stenosis by the equation P = 235 h/r, where 235 is a constant peak wall stress (sigma), h is end-systolic wall thickness, and r is end-systolic dimension/2; h and r are measured by M-mode echocardiography. In 73 patients with aortic stenosis (valve area less than 0.7 cm2), measured and predicted left ventricular pressure correlated poorly (r = 0.17). The measured wall stress in our patients varied from 120 to 250 mm Hg in patients with normal left ventricular function and from 250 to 550 mm Hg in patients with abnormal function. The correlation between sigma and h was only fair (r = 0.53), because many patients had inappropriate left ventricular hypertrophy. There was a statistically significant correlation between ejection fraction and sigma (r = 0.62) and between ejection fraction and end-systolic dimension (r = -0.70), but there was considerable scatter of ejection fractions for any given end-systolic dimension. We conclude that sigma is not constant in aortic stenosis, and the use of a constant sigma to predict left ventricular pressure is unreliable; inappropriate left ventricular hypertrophy may explain why sigma is not constant. M-mode echocardiography is not reliable in assessing the severity of aortic stenosis in adults; such assessment requires precise measurements of pressure gradients and flow by cardiac catheterization.
Catheter-based treatment approach for patients with acute stroke ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Ralesh Subramanian, Stephen R. Ramee, Robert Felberg, Kevin L. McKinley, J.S. Jenkins, Tyrone J. Collins, Rachael W. Foley, Robert Dawson, Christopher J. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Potential Use of Home HIV Testing
Authors: Kathryn A. Phillips, Sylvia J. Flatt, Kathleen R. Morrison, Thomas J. Coates
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The Food and Drug Administration is considering whether or not to approve diagnostic kits for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that would allow blood collection at home. A person would use a lance provided in the kit to obtain blood from a finger, place a drop on a filter paper, and mail the specimen to a laboratory, where screening and confirmatory tests, if necessary, would be performed. The results would be obtained over the telephone through the use of a code number. As discussed elsewhere in this issue of the Journal,1 proponents of these tests believe that . . .
Two missense mutations in the beta-globin gene can cause severe beta thalassemia. Hemoglobin Medicine Lake (beta 32[B14]leucine--&gt;glutamine; 98 [FG5] valine--&gt;methionine).
Authors: M B Coleman, Z H Lu, C M Smith, J G Adams, A Harrell, M Plonczynski, M H Steinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We studied the molecular basis of transfusion-dependent hemolytic anemia in an infant who rapidly developed the phenotype of beta thalassemia major. DNA sequence of one beta-globin gene of the proband revealed two mutations, one for the moderately unstable hemoglobin (Hb) Köln and another for a novel codon 32 cytosine-thymidine-guanine-->cytosine-adenine-guanine transversion encoding a leucine-->glutamine mutation. A hydrophilic glutamine residue at beta 32 has an uncharged polar side chain that could potentially distort the B helix and provoke further molecular instability. This new hemoglobin was called Hb Medicine Lake. Biosynthesis studies showed a deficit of beta-globin synthesis with early loss of beta-globin chains. An abnormal unstable hemoglobin, globin chain, or tryptic globin peptide was not present, demonstrating the extreme lability of this novel globin. Hb Medicine Lake mRNA was present, but an aberrantly spliced message was not. Absence of an abnormal beta-globin gene in the mother makes it likely that a de novo mutation occurred in the proband. The molecular pathogenesis of Hb Medicine Lake illustrates a mechanism whereby the phenotype of a genetic disorder, like the mild hemolytic anemia associated with a hemoglobinopathy, can be modulated by a coincident mutation in the same gene.
Staged Correction of Total Transposition of the Great Vessels
Authors: WILLIAM A. REED, RONALD M. LAUER, ANTONI M. DIEHL
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Proper selection of palliative operation for transposition of the great vessels must be based on a careful anatomical and physiological diagnosis. Subsequent correction, utilizing the interatrial baffle technique, is possible with low risk in selected patients. Details of the clinical course of four patients with transposition from birth to total correction are presented.
Effects of immunotherapy on the early, late, and rechallenge nasal reaction to provocation with allergen: Changes in inflammatory mediators and cells
Authors: Othon Iliopoulos, David Proud, N.Franklin Adkinson, Peter S. Creticos, Philip S. Norman, Anne Kagey-Sobotka, Lawrence M. Lichtenstein, Robert M. Naclerio
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Abstract 848: Prevention of colitis-associated colorectal cancer with 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
Authors: Chan Young Ock, Eun-Hee Kim, Kyung Sook Hong, Ki-Baik Hahm, Myung-Hee Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is one of clear examples of inflammation-carcinogenesis sequence, based on which strict control of colitis provides the right rationale of the intervention of anti-inflammatory drug on the chemoprevention. We have shown that 8-OHdG, which traditionally has been acknowledged as a marker of oxidative stress-related mutagenesis, could paradoxically exerted potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant action in various inflammation models (Ock CY et al, Biochem Pharmacol, 2010). Based on the fact that Rac1 binds and activates STAT3 which is significantly up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as CAC, we hypothesized that attenuation of Rac1-STAT pathway by exogenous 8-OHdG treatment may block inflammatory bouts in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced colitis and can reduce carcinogenesis promoted by azoxymethane (AOM) followed by DSS ingestion. First we have checked whether exogenous 8-OHdG can ameliorate IBD, for which IL10 knock-out mice, IBD prone mice, are designed to ingest 5% DSS in tap water ad libitum for a week, and 8-OHdG (50, 100, or 150 mg/kg) is given intraperitoneal route daily. Treatment with 8-OHdG significantly reduced complication rates, pathologic grade of inflammation and edema compared with DSS only group. On pathogenic basis, the expressions of various inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and iNOS were decreased, as well as Rac1 activity and phosphorylation of STAT3 in 8-OHdG treated group in a dose-dependent manner. Next, in order to document the chemoprevention effects of 8-OHdG, mice were injected AOM (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally followed by drinking 2.5% DSS for a week, after which AIN76 diet that contains 0.03 % and 0.06 % 8-OHdG was given for 20 weeks. As results, mice which consumed 8-OHdG-contained diet were significantly reduced tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity. Increased activity of Rac1 and phosphorylation of STAT3 with AOM plus DSS administration were significantly attenuated in 8-OHdG treatment group. These results were further validated with human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 in vitro model. Conclusively, for the very first time, we clearly showed chemopreventive effect of exogenous 8-OHdG against CAC. Since 8-OHdG, one of well-known by-products generated by oxidative stress, paradoxically blocks inflammation-carcinogenesis sequence in colitis-associated cancer model, 8-OHdG could be a promising chemopreventive drug for the patient suffering from longstanding and extensive IBD, high risk group for CAC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 848. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-848
Gastro-oesophageal reflux complicating highly selective vagotomy.
Authors: J G Temple, J McFarland
Journal: BMJ (1975)

An unacceptably high incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux was observed in a small series of patients with duodenal ulcer who had been treated by highly selective vagotomy. Possibly this is due to an altered angle of entry of the oesophagus into the stomach, and we now routinely narrow this angle at operation.
Chronic shoulder pain in rheumatoid arthritis: Authors' Reply
Authors: P Emery, S Bowman, L Wedderburn, R Grahame
Journal: BMJ (1989)

<b>Hartley, B. P. R., Howell, R. W., Sinclair, A., and Slattery, D. A. D. (1973).</b><i>British Journal of Industrial Medicine,</i><b>30,</b> 271-275. <b>Subject variability in short-term audiometric recording.</b> The reliability of a single audiogram at one examination has not been established under industrial conditions. It has previously been suggested that when audiograms are taken they should be performed at least three times, preferably not at one sitting, and that the mean level at each frequency should be taken as the definitive value of hearing level. This study seeks to compare the reliability of three audiograms taken at a single session, but with a break between tests, with three audiograms taken at roughly weekly intervals. One hundred and thirty-two apprentices (average age 16 years) without occupational noise exposure were examined with a Peters audiometer, using one operator only at each of the two works involved. At a third works 45 men (average age 36 years), mostly with occupational noise exposure, had three audiograms taken within an hour using a self-recording audiometer. Not only did the mean of three audiograms from a single session show no practical difference when compared with the mean of three readings taken on separate occasions roughly a week apart, but the second audiogram of the first three was found to be generally representative of the mean of these three. In only 4 of 132 subjects did the second audiogram vary by more than 3 dB from the mean of the first three readings. It is suggested that single audiogram examination should be replaced by two audiograms routinely carried out at a single session, and that in the absence of any large difference (say 5 dB) between the two readings the second should be adopted. In this series, variability between operators (at 3 and 4 kHz) exceeded mean subject variability. There appeared to be no reduction in subject variability when a self-recording machine was used.
Intractable pruritus in HIV infection: immunologic characterization
Authors: F Milazzo, S Piconi, D Trabattoni, C Magni, M Coen, A Capetti, ML Fusi, C Parravicini, M Clerici
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background : Severe, intractable pruritus, often associated with erythematopapular skin lesions and hypereosinophilia, is a condition observed in some nonatopic, HIV‐infected patients. We performed immunovirologic analyses of this condition. Methods : Immunologic (mitogen‐stimulated production of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α], and soluble CD23; serum levels of soluble CD23, ICAM‐1, TNF‐α, IgG, IgE, and IgA) and virologic (HIV viral load) parameters were analyzed in six patients with therapy‐resistant pruritus. Hypereosinophilia was present in all these patients. Results were compared to those of seven HIV‐seropositive individuals similar to the first one in terms of CD4 counts and clinical staging, but without pruritus. Results : Hypereosinophilia; hyper‐IgE and hyper‐IgA; augmented interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, and sCD23; and reduced interferon‐gamma production by mitogen‐stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detected when patients with pruritus were compared to HIV controls. HIV viral load was also augmented in patients in whom pruritus was present. Conclusions : The results suggest that therapy‐resistant, intractable pruritus accompanied by hypereosinophilia may be used to define a subset of HIV‐seropositive individuals showing prototypic hyperactivation of humoral immunity, and in whom augmented HIV viral load is present.
Differences in Serum Ionized and Total Magnesium Values During Chronic Renal Failure Between Nondiabetic and Diabetic Patients
Authors: Katy Dewitte, Annemieke Dhondt, Mimi Giri, Dietmar Stöckl, Raoul Rottiers, Norbert Lameire, Linda M. Thienpont
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

C Cr , creatinine clearance; CRF, chronic renal failure; i-Mg, ionized magnesium; t-Mg, total magnesium.
A novel gene variation of TNF associated with ankylosing spondylitis: a reconfirmed study
Authors: X. Zhu, Y. Wang, L. Sun, Y. Song, F. Sun, L. Tang, Z. Huo, J. Li, Z. Yang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

A great deal of evidence has shown that non-human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 genes may play crucial roles in the aetiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but there is little evidence of a relationship with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha gene variation. One functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), -850 C-->T, on the TNFalpha gene promoter region was identified and confirmed to be significantly associated with AS by our recent study.To investigate whether the -850 C-->T SNP is a susceptibility locus for AS or is only a marker linked to potential disease gene loci in a Chinese population.Ten common SNPs were selected from nine inflammatory genes covering the right and left flanking regions of the TNFalpha gene, which span a region of about 100 kb on chromosome 6p21.31, and a tag SNP in HCP5 gene was used to examine the linkage between the HLA-B27 and TNFalpha genes. SNPs were genotyped by PCR restriction-fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), allele-specific PCR and restriction site-generating PCR-RFLP for single-base association and linkage disequilibrium (LD).The prevalence of TNFalpha-850 C-->T SNP was significantly different between case and control groups. A specific haplotype covering TNFalpha gene mutant was strongly associated with AS. An LD test showed that a recombination between HLA-B27 and TNFalpha might have taken place.The TNFalpha locus was reconfirmed and showed association with susceptibility to AS. It may be independent of HLA-B27. A range of 58 kb covering TNFalpha had strong LD to AS.
Cysticercosis in Los Angeles County
Authors: Frank O. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Four hundred ninety-seven patients were identified as having been treated for cysticercosis at four hospitals in Los Angeles during the 11-year period 1973 through 1983. Eleven deaths were recorded. Over 90% of these patients were Hispanics in productive age groups; the majority were Mexican by nationality. Hospitalizations were generally short, and readmissions for recurrence of symptoms or complications of therapy occurred in only 14% of patients. Cysticercosis was diagnosed in 12 US citizens who had no history of travel to countries considered traditionally endemic for<i>Taenia solium</i>taeniasis/cysticercosis. A dramatic rise in numbers of cases was observed after 1977, appearing to plateau at approximately 80 cases per year in 1981. The increase in cases beginning in 1977 coincided with the introduction of the computed tomographic scan. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:3444-3448)
5‐Azacytidine treatment for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia after intensive chemotherapy
Authors: Sarah Ivanoff, Berengere Gruson, Sylvain P. Chantepie, Emilie Lemasle, Lavinia Merlusca, Veronique Harrivel, Amandine Charbonnier, Patrick Votte, Bruno Royer, Jean‐Pierre Marolleau
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Despite progress in the understanding of leukemia pathophysiology, the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains challenging. In patients with refractory or relapsed (R/R) AML, the prognosis is still poor and this group is targeted for new drug development. We reviewed the outcome of 47 patients, with R/R AML after at least one course of intensive chemotherapy, treated with 5-azacytidine in three different French institutions. The overall response rate was 38% including complete remission in 21%, partial remission in 11%, and hematological improvement in 6% of cases. Median time to relapse was 6 (range, 1-39) months. Median overall survival was 9 months (not reached by responders vs. 4.5 months for nonresponders patients, P = 0.0001). Univariate analysis identified the absence of peripheral blood blasts and <20% bone marrow blasts as prognostic factors for both overall response and survival, but not age, ECOG/PS, type of AML, cytogenetic, status of the disease, number of previous lines of therapy, previous hematological stem cell transplantation, or white blood cells count. Bone marrow blasts percentage <20% was the only independent prognostic factor identified by multivariate analysis for overall response (P = 0.0013) and survival (P = 0.0324). Six patients in remission could proceed to an allogenic hematological stem cell transplantation. The drug-related grade 3/4 adverse events were hematopoietic toxicities (38%) and infection (32%). In conclusion, this study suggests that a salvage therapy with 5-azacytidine is an interesting option for patients with R/R AML after intensive chemotherapy. Prospective randomized studies are needed to demonstrate a superiority of this approach over others strategies.
Immunohistochemistry as a potential tool for routine detection of the NRAS Q61R mutation in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: Marius Ilie, Elodie Long-Mira, Elisa Funck-Brentano, Sandra Lassalle, Catherine Butori, Virginie Lespinet-Fabre, Olivier Bordone, Alexandre Gay, Katia Zahaf, Gilles Poissonnet, Jean-Philippe Lacour, Philippe Bahadoran, Robert Ballotti, Audrey Gros, Caroline Dutriaux, Philippe Saiag, Jean-Philippe Merlio, Béatrice Vergier, Jean François Emile, Véronique Hofman, Paul Hofman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Relation between maternal haemoglobin concentration and birth weight in different ethnic groups
Authors: P. Steer, M A. Alam, J. Wadsworth, A. Welch
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To assess the relation of the lowest haemoglobin concentration in pregnancy with birth weight and the rates of low birth weight and preterm delivery in different ethnic groups. <b>Design</b>: Retrospective analysis of 153602 pregnancies with ethnic group and birth weight recorded on a regional pregnancy database during 1988-91. The haemoglobin measurement used was the lowest recorded during pregnancy. <b>Setting</b>: North West Thames region. <b>Subjects</b>: 115262 white women, 22206 Indo-Pakistanis, 4570 Afro-Caribbeans, 2642 mediterraneans, 3905 black Africans, 2351 orientals, and 2666 others. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Birth weight and rates of low birth weight (&lt;2500 g) and preterm delivery (&lt;37 completed weeks). <b>Results</b>: Maximum mean birth weight in white women was achieved with a lowest haemoglobin concentration in pregnancy of 85-95 g/l; the lowest incidence of low birth weight and preterm labour occurred with a lowest haemoglobin of 95-105 g/l. A similar pattern occurred in all ethnic groups. <b>Conclusions</b>: The magnitude of the fall in haemoglobin concentration in pregnancy is related to birth weight; failure of the haemoglobin concentration to fall below 105 g/l indicates an increased risk of low birth weight and preterm delivery. This phenomenon is seen in all ethnic groups. Some ethnic groups have higher rates of low birth weight and preterm delivery than white women, and they also have higher rates of low haemoglobin concentrations. This increased rate of "anaemia," however, does not account for their higher rates of low birth weight, which occurs at all haemoglobin concentrations. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages Failure of the haemoglobin concentration to fall during pregnancy was associated with a five to sevenfold increase in the incidence of low birth weight and preterm birth Routine haematinic administration in pregnancy is unnecessary on fetal grounds for most pregnancies The mean corpuscular volume may be a better indicator of maternal iron deficiency, but this needs prospective study
Outbreak of Anticonvulsant Intoxication in an Australian City
Authors: J. H. Tyrer, M. J. Eadie, J. M. Sutherland, W. D. Hooper
Journal: BMJ (1970)

An outbreak of anticonvulsant intoxication occurred in epileptic patients in Australia during 1968-9. All affected patients studied in Brisbane were taking one brand of phenytoin. In 87% of them the blood phenytoin levels were above the therapeutic range. Reduction of phenytoin dosage relieved the intoxication in all patients. The excipient in the responsible phenytoin capsules had been changed several months before the outbreak, and this change was probably related causally to the altered blood phenytoin concentrations.
New Diuretic--Lasix
Authors: C. L. K. McIlwaine, D. H. K. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1964)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A developmental program of epigenetic repression prepares each mammalian olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) to strongly express one allele from just one of hundreds of odorant receptor (OR) genes, but what completes this process of OR gene choice by driving the expression of this allele is incompletely understood. Conditional deletion experiments in mice demonstrate that Lhx2 is necessary for normal expression frequencies of nearly all ORs and all trace amine-associated receptors, irrespective of whether the deletion of <i>Lhx2</i> is initiated in immature or mature OSNs. Given previous evidence that Lhx2 binds OR gene control elements, these findings indicate that Lhx2 is directly involved in driving OR expression. The data also support the conclusion that OR expression is necessary to allow immature OSNs to complete differentiation and become mature. In contrast to the robust effects of conditional deletion of <i>Lhx2</i>, the loss of Emx2 has much smaller effects and more often causes increased expression frequencies. Lhx2:Emx2 double mutants show opposing effects on <i>Olfr15</i> expression that reveal independent effects of these two transcription factors. While Lhx2 is necessary for OR expression that supports OR gene choice, Emx2 can act differently; perhaps by helping to control the availability of OR genes for expression.
The Th1-Th2 model---what relevance to inflammatory arthritis?
Authors: P. D W KIELY
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

The Th1-Th2 model-what relevance to inflammatory arthritis?Just over a decade ago Mosmann and colleagues reported that murine T helper (Th) cell clones could be distinguished by distinct cytokine secretion patterns. 1