tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Some Aspects of Calcium and Bone Metabolism in Hypothyroidism.
Authors: B. L. Riggs
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Some Aspects of Calcium and Bone Metabolism in Hypothyroidism.B. L. Riggs, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. Jowsey, D.Phil., P. J. Kelly, M.D., J. D. Jones, Ph.D., C. D. Arnaud, M.D.B. L. Riggs, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. Jowsey, D.Phil.Search for more papers by this author, P. J. Kelly, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. D. Jones, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. D. Arnaud, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1190_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe thyroid gland produces two hormones, thyroxine (T4) and thyrocalcitonin (TC), whose absence might produce alterations in calcium metabolism. In hypothyroidism there is a low radiocalcium accretion rate, but no direct data are available in man regarding levels of bone formation and bone resorption. TC is a newly discovered calcium-lowering hormone secreted by the thyroid in response to hypercalcemia. However, its physiologic role in humans is uncertain. Studies of effects of calcium infusion in hypothyroid patients have produced conflicting results. To evaluate the effect of T4, and possibly TC, deficiency in hypothyroidism, rib biopsies from 5 hypothyroid patients were evaluated... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1190-1190KeywordsBiopsyBoneBone resorptionCalciumHypercalcemiaHypothyroidismRibsThyroidThyroid hormonesThyroxine Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Ethical responsibilities of NHS doctors
Authors: N A Simmons
Journal: BMJ (1977)

bosis did not improve as formerly and residual pain, though not troublesome, still remained in the following June.The above case seems to be the first in which ancrod has been given in repeated courses.Antibody formation, investigated by radioimmunoassay after the fifth course, was negligible.Hydrocortisone may have played some part in this because it is known that corticosteroids can suppress antibody forma- tion under some conditions.'iIn this patient the most useful benefit appears to be in reducing the incidence of, thromboembolism after the ancrod therapy.Our evidence for this is based on the number of thromboembolic incidents pre-and post-ancrod administration.Though this point has not been established with certainty, it could, if confirmed, prove a valuable addition to our anticoagulant therapy.
Does prolonged protein restriction preceding dialysis lead to protein malnutrition at the onset of dialysis?
Authors: Mackenzie Walser
Journal: Kidney International (1993)

It has recently been suggested that prolonged protein restriction preceding dialysis may induce protein malnutrition and thus confer a poor prognosis during dialysis. We examined the records of all patients who were prescribed a very low protein diet (0.3 g/kg ideal body weight) plus supplemental essential amino acids and/or ketoacids for 6 to 72 months (median 26 months) preceding renal replacement, numbering 43. Hypoalbuminemia immediately preceding dialysis was present in only two patients. Final serum albumin averaged 4.1 +/- 0.4 (SD) g/dl. Final transferrin was subnormal in eight patients, but had been subnormal in six of these, without attendant hypoalbuminemia, for one to four years. Mean final transferrin was 241 +/- 56 mg/dl. Final serum cholesterol was below 150 mg/dl in six subjects, all of whom had normal levels of albumin (mean 4.0 +/- 0.2 g/dl) and a normal mean value for transferrin (211 +/- 22 mg/dl). In five patients who exhibited subnormal albumin and transferrin and high cholesterol concentrations at the beginning of dietary therapy, albumin and transferrin levels rose to normal or nearly normal, and hypercholesterolemia receded during the ensuing four months. Thus this predialysis dietary regimen, rather than causing protein malnutrition, prevents it; when protein malnutrition is present, this regimen corrects it.
No easy solutions for frequent hospital attendances
Authors: Peter A West
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Hitchen writes that a partnership between the NHS's Health and Social Care Information Centre and the health research company Dr Foster will publish data on patients who repeatedly use hospital services.1

Professionally, I know that some community health services can help prevent admission to hospital. But, as the King's Fund report on predicting hospital admissions showed, it is not easy to predict which of these patients will be admitted again in the …
Cytokine Induction after Laboratory-Acquired West Nile Virus Infection
Authors: Marietjie Venter, Felicity J. Burt, Lucille Blumberg, Heidi Fickl, Janusz Paweska, Robert Swanepoel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: We report a case of laboratory-acquired West Nile virus infection after a needlestick injury in a 29-year-old, immunocompetent female scientist in South Africa, who was not infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The needlestick exposed the scientist to cell-culture fluid containing the neuroinvasive-lineage 2 West Nile virus strain SPU93/01 at a tissue culture infectious dose (the concentration that has a cytopathic effect in 50% of cultures inoculated) of 50 copies per cubic millimeter. The strain had previously been isolated from a patient with nonfatal encephalitis in South Africa.1,2 Blood specimens obtained on the day of infection . . .
Exercise induced asthma and endogenous opioids.
Authors: R C Gaillard, M Bachman, T Rochat, D Egger, R de Haller, A F Junod
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Concentrations of endogenous opioid peptides in the plasma are increased during exercise and these substances have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma induced by chloropropramide and alcohol in diabetic patients. This work was undertaken to determine whether exercise induced asthma might be mediated by endogenous opioids. Plasma beta endorphin, met-enkephalin, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentrations were measured in five asthmatic patients and five normal volunteers breathing cold air during exercise. In four of the patients the effect of an infusion of naloxone on FEV1 was also measured during exercise induced asthma. Exercise produced acute bronchoconstriction in all asthmatics, characterised by a fall in FEV1; whereas no change occurred in normal subjects. There was no difference in plasma met-enkephalin, beta endorphin, and ACTH concentration between the two groups. Infusion of naloxone neither prevented nor worsened exercise induced asthma. These data suggest that endogenous opioids probably do not play a part in the development of exercise induced asthma.
To fight the good fight
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1995)

I have some good news: our profession is still revered and respected, our authority not to be lightly flouted, nor our wishes blithely scouted.

I was called the other night to a domestic scrap, the bait being a possible head injury. The phone message was gutteral and almost incoherent, allowing no negotiation: “You'd better come quick, Doctor, he's real bad.” In the background I could hear screams, breaking crockery, and the merry clink of bottle on skull, softened almost into music by the distance.

The neighbourhood hasn't yet become used to the availability of a police force, so other authority figures are mandatory at these spontaneous gatherings; either ourselves or the church, or both, although only doctors …
PLASMA SOLUBLE LECTIN-LIKE OXIDIZED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-1 LEVELS MEASUREMENT FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH MYOCARDIAL NECROSES MARKERS
Authors: Nobuaki Kobayashi, Noritake Hata, Yoshihiko Seino, Noriaki Kume, Takuro Shinada, Yasuhiro Takahashi, Kyoichi Mizuno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Clinicopathological studies of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia and pseudogynecomasty
Authors: Paula Loureiro, Sarka O. Southern, Peter J. Southern, Maria S. Pombo-de-Oliveira
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

We present a rare case of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) in which leukemic T cells expressed CD4 and CD25 surface antigens and infiltrated mammary glands during clinical course of the disease. A 40-year-old male was admitted with long-standing skin lesions and leukocytosis. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were highly pleomorphic and presented CD2, CD4, CD25, CD38 membrane surface antigens. The patient proved to be seropositive for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibodies. Monoclonal expansion of lymphoid cells integrated with HTLV-I genome was observed, and the diagnosis of ATL chronic type was made. He underwent a chemotherapy regimen, and skin lesions and leukocytosis improved markedly. He progressed with an indolent clinical course of ATL, when he was admitted with bilateral hyperplasia of breast, recurrent skin lesions, and leukocytosis. Breast biopsy revealed bilateral gynecomasty, extensive leukemic infiltration of typical ATL cells in the mammary glands, and the presence of mammary epithelial cells productively infected with HTLV-I. This is the first report describing invasion of the mammary tissue with HTLV-I-transformed T-cells and HTLV-I-associated breast disease. Am. J. Hematol. 65:256–259, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss Inc.
Time‐series nasal epithelial transcriptomics during natural pollen exposure in healthy subjects and allergic patients
Authors: P. Mattila, J. Renkonen, S. Toppila‐Salmi, V. Parviainen, S. Joenväärä, S. Alff‐Tuomala, D. Nicorici, R. Renkonen
Journal: Allergy (2009)

To cite this article: Mattila P, Renkonen J, Toppila‐Salmi S, Parviainen V, Joenväärä S, Alff‐Tuomala S, Nicorici D, Renkonen R. Time‐series nasal epithelial transcriptomics during natural pollen exposure in healthy subjects and allergic patients. Allergy 2010; 65 : 175–183. Abstract Background: The role of epithelium has recently awakened interest in the studies of type I hypersensitivity. Objective: We analysed the nasal transcriptomics epithelial response to natural birch pollen exposure in a time series manner. Methods: Human nasal epithelial cell swabs were collected from birch pollen allergic patients and healthy controls in winter season. In addition, four specimens at weekly intervals were collected from the same subjects during natural birch pollen exposure in spring and transcriptomic analyses were performed. Results: The nasal epithelium of healthy subjects responded vigorously to allergen exposure. The immune response was a dominating category of this response. Notably, the healthy subjects did not display any clinical symptoms regardless of this response detected by transcriptomic analysis. Concomitantly, the epithelium of allergic subjects responded also, but with a different set of responders. In allergic patients the regulation of dyneins, the molecular motors of intracellular transport dominated. This further supports our previous hypothesis that the birch pollen exposure results in an active uptake of allergen into the epithelium only in allergic subjects but not in healthy controls. Conclusion: We showed that birch pollen allergen causes a defence response in healthy subjects, but not in allergic subjects. Instead, allergic patients actively transport pollen allergen through the epithelium to tissue mast cells. Our study showed that new hypotheses can arise from the application of discovery driven methodologies. To understand complex multifactorial diseases, such as type I hypersensitivity, this kind of hypotheses might be worth further analyses.
Bruce Beutler wins the 2013 ASCI/Stanley J. Korsmeyer Award
Authors: Kathryn Claiborn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Our understanding of the activation of the innate immune system, the body’s first line of defense against infection, is based largely on the contributions of Bruce Beutler and his research group. Among his many accomplishments, Beutler isolated TNF, discovered its inflammatory properties, and cloned the LPS receptor. In 2011 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Ralph Steinman and Jules Hoffmann. Beutler’s work is further celebrated this year with the presentation of the 2013 ASCI/Stanley J. Korsmeyer Award. Beutler recently spoke to the JCI about his research career and scientific approach.
Sizing up microbes
Authors: V.K. Viswanathan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2012)

The size range of life forms is dictated by basic principles of physics. Large microorganisms, with sizes approaching a millimeter, have compensating features that address the immutable laws of physics. For pathogens, size may impact a range of functions, such as adherence and immune evasion. We review several recent studies on factors impacting, and impacted by, the size of microorganisms.
Stigma of AIDS needs to be overcome
Authors: Ediriweera B R Desapriya
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Cholesterol values seem to divergeEditor-The targets for cholesterol management seem to be ever decreasing, but I cannot get my head around the fact that in the new guidelines from the British Hypertension Society box 8 suggests we should consider treatment if the 10 year risk of cardiovascular disease is > 20% and the total cholesterol level is > 3.5 mmol/l but the target to be attained, which is printed beside box 8, is higher, 4 mmol/l. 1 Can someone explain this anomaly to a simple general practitioner who will have to explain it to patients?
Dr. Jacobi's Address and Sectionalism.
Authors: J. Wilkinson Jervey
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Greenville, S. C., Aug. 23, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As a Southerner I may be excused for taking exception to an altogether gratuitous comment on the South, which appeared in your issue of August 18 last—this, too, by one whose eminence, not to say years, should have put him beyond the pale of provincialism. I refer to the words of Dr. A. Jacobi, the venerable and, I doubt not, venerated source of much that has contributed to the advancement of our science. On page 427 is the following: "The greatest refinement of the East, the wild naturalism of part of the far West, the abject animalism of part of the South, are covered by the same flag." Now, there is, of course, great refinement in the East; and there is also "abject animalism," and plenty of it, in the South. But anyone who knows both peoples knows it is equally
A Fracture-Dislocation of the Ankle
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>Dr. William E. Simon:</h3> A 55-year-old housewife and antique dealer was transferred from a suburban hospital with a fracture-dislocation of the left ankle. Five days prior to admission the patient had fallen, sustaining a fracture-dislocation and distal fibular fracture (Fig 1). The extremity had been placed in a plaster cast, and an operative reduction was recommended. However, she elected to be transferred to the Massachusetts General Hospital where previously she had received orthopedic care. The patient's history included longstanding exogenous obesity. Five years earlier she had turned her left ankle and suffered a nondisplaced fracture of the distal fibula. The patient had been treated with a plaster cast and regained full motion of the ankle. Physical examination revealed a tremendously obese woman whose left leg was held in a short leg cast. Of note in her general examination were the excessive obesity and the intertriginous skin changes under breasts and
Exercise for Women — How Much Pain for Optimal Gain?
Authors: JoAnn E. Manson, I-Min Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Regular physical activity is important for health and has been linked to a reduced risk of numerous chronic diseases.1 Nonetheless, fewer than half of American adults engage in regular exercise.2 A recent federal recommendation regarding regular exercise3 was based on three major considerations: the potential health benefits, safety, and feasibility of different amounts and intensities of physical activity. This recommendation applies to both men and women, but safety is particularly relevant to women, since exercise of high intensity and long duration may lead to menstrual and reproductive dysfunction. Given the potential differences between men and women in the balance of . . .
James Douglas McDonald
Authors: Peter Heath
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Hawes and Berwick-upon-Tweed (b Lochmaben 1922; q Edinburgh 1950), died from fibrosing alveolitis on 11 June 2004.

During the second world war he served with the Royal Air Force in the Far East, India, and the remote Cocos Keeling Islands. His first post was as a GP assistant in Edinburgh. In 1953 he moved to Hawes in Wensleydale, and in 1968 he took up a singlehanded practice in Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland. He was appointed lifeboat doctor, but once had to be rescued by his own lifeboat when his own boat's engine failed. He leaves a wife, Ann, and six children.
Synthesis and pharmacology of a noncompetitive antagonist of angiotensin-induced contractions of vascular smooth muscle. [Sarcosyl]1-[cysteinyl (s-methyl)]8-angiotensin II.
Authors: R J Freer, J C Sutherland, A R Day
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

The synthesis of an angiotensin II (A II) antagonist, sarcosyl1-cysteinyl(S-methyl)8-angiotensin II [Sar1-Cys(Me)8-A II], showing partial organ selectivity and properties of a noncompetitive antagonist, is described. The compound was found to be an extremely potent antagonist on vascular smooth muscle both in vitro (pA2 for rabbit aorta approximately equal to 9.2) and in vivo on rat blood pressure (dose ratio of 103 for ED25 mm Hg during 1 microgram/kg per min infusion of antagonist). It was without effect on norepinephrine responses in both assay systems. In contrast, it was a considerably weaker antagonist on visceral smooth muscle (pA2 for guinea pig ileum = 8.5; pA2 for rat uterus = 7.9). Interestingly, in the vascular smooth muscle preparations, the compound also exhibited elements of a noncompetitive antagonist in that both the slope and maximum of the A II dose-response curves were reduced markedly. Qualitatively similar results were obtained with sarcosyl1-alanyl8-angiotensin II (Saralasin) on rabbit aorta. Moderate depression of maximum response was seen in guinea pig ileum but not in rat uterus. These effects on vascular smooth muscle were reversible in vitro but only partially reversible in vivo.
Twin births to mothers who are twins: a registry based study
Authors: P. Lichtenstein, P. O. Olausson, A J B. Kallen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To estimate the risk of having twin infants for mothers who are twins; to investigate the genetic influence on twinning. <b>Design</b>: Retrospective study of multiple births in two nationwide registries. <b>Setting</b>: Sweden. <b>Subjects</b>: Multiple births among 31586 deliveries between 1973 and 1991 to women who were twins. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Numbers of monozygotic and dizygotic twin births expected and estimated. <b>Results</b>: Women who are dizygotic twins have a moderately increased risk of having twins (relative risk 1.30, 95% confidence interval 1.14 to 1.49) which seems to be completely the result of dizygotic twinning. When a mother is a monozygotic twin, her risk of having twins of the same sex is significantly increased (1.47; 1.10 to 1.97). This is the result of an excess of monozygotic twins (39 pairs estimated, 18 expected). <b>Conclusion</b>: Women who are twins have an increased risk of giving birth to twins. Genetic components of monozygotic and dizygotic twinning seem to be independent. <h3>Key messages</h3> It is generally agreed that genetic factors are important for dizygotic but not for monozygotic twinning Women who themselves are dizygotic twins have an increased risk of giving birth to dizygotic twins Women who themselves are monozygotic twins have an increased risk of having monozygotic twins The genetic components in monozygotic and dizygotic twinning are independent
Verapamil induced increment of oxygen extraction in the arteriosclerotic limb
Authors: J. P BAGGER, R. MATHAR, P. K PAULSEN, J. GORMSEN, K. H OLSEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

The acute effect of intravenously administered verapamil (0.08 mg X kg-1 body weight, mean dose 5.1 +/- 0.7 mg) on oxygen exchange and arterial blood flow (measured electromagnetically) of the lower limb was studied during reconstructive arterial surgery in 17 patients with obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs. Verapamil increased oxygen extraction in the diseased leg by 12% (from a median value of 28.3 to 31.6 ml X litre-1, p less than 0.01) whereas it had no effect on arterial blood flow. The increment of oxygen extraction after drug administration correlated negatively with the walking distance of the patients (r = 0.69, p less than 0.01). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 10% and 6%, respectively, whereas heart rate remained unchanged after the administration of verapamil. The results suggest that verapamil might be beneficial in the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication, despite the fact that no vasodilatation was seen after the drug.
428 T cell chemokine receptor expression and chemotaxis, associated to TH1/TC1 response, in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HCV co-infection
Authors: M. Calvino, J.R. Larrubia, E. Sanz, J. Pérez, S. Benito, E. González, C. Perna, M. Montes, M. Rodríguez-Zapata, T. Parra, A. Bienvenido
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Levels of Equivalence for Various Measurements of Coumarin Activity
Authors: R. J. Tat
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE PURPOSE of the studies reported here is to determine the statistical relationship between the measurements of anticoagulation by the one-stage method of Quick, Owren's thrombotest, and the prothrombin-proconvertin method (hereinafter referred to as P and P). Included is an evaluation of the Lee-White clotting time as an over-all test of the clotting mechanisms. The adequacy of prothrombin measurements for the regulation of the dose of coumarin has been questioned. It has been pointed out that coumarin derivatives depress several clotting factors. Presumably, each factor involved is depressed proportionately in most cases. However, in occasional instances a disproportionate depression of one or more factors may occur. The nature of the assay methods for prothrombin precludes the recognition of this possibility until hemorrhage has occurred. Owren, in an attempt to solve this problem, has presented a reagent, thrombotest, in which, he claims, the relative concentrations of clotting factors are balanced at