tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of interventional procedures
Authors: B. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Throughout the world, systems are in place to ensure that any new drug is subjected to rigorous trials, appraisal, and approval before unrestricted use on patients. Medical devices are also subject to scrutiny and approval. By contrast no system exists for interventional procedures, many of which are done by surgeons but increasingly by other specialists as well. Recent press reports of surgical scandals and heightened public concern have led to political and consumer pressure for formal systems to assess new interventions.

In the United Kingdom, initial moves were made in 1996 by the setting up of the Safety and Efficacy Register for New Interventional Procedures (SERNIP). It was founded by the royal colleges, with limited funding from the NHS, and was entirely voluntary. The register gradually accumulated a list of new procedures and allocated each to a category signifying its perceived degree of safety and efficacy, but the profile and impact of this register were limited. Australia followed suit with the Australian Safety and Efficacy Register for New Interventional Procedures—Surgical (ASERNIP-S)—established by the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons …
A Case of Vesicular Mole of Unusual Size
Authors: T. S. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1904)

on June 20th, 2903, by Dr. Gray, who was of opinion that she had a pelvic tumour which would prevent the passage of a child by the natural way.Slhe was in fairly good health, and had no symptoms of 4haemorrhage or pressure from the pelvic tumour.The examination of -he abdomen showed the top of the uterus well above the umbilicus.The uterine walls showed prominent nodules at the top and upper part, :and parts of the fetus could be felt in utero.The pelvic examination showed a rounded mass in Douglas's pouch which was firmly wedged .andextended to the pelvic wall, displacing the uterus forwards.Operation.-OnJune 23rd chloroform was administered and the abdo- tuinal wvall divided by a long median incision extending from above the umbilicus almost to the pubes.On exposing the uterus a large fibroid 'tumour was found on its anterior wall, which was pedunculated and 'bled somewhat freely on attempting to bring out the uterus.A thick band of omentum was adherent to the upper part of the uterus.The omentum was first divided between ligatures; the broad ligaments on -each side were tied in two places and divided between the ligatures.'rhe loose tissue on each side of the 'uterus was then separated with ithe finger, and the uterine arteries felt low down on each side.Macewen's needle threaded with tilick silk was passed round the arteries, and on the right side this ligature was tied, but the left ligature was not tightened.The uterus was then drawn out at the -abdominal cavity and packed round with flat sponges and towels.An inelsion was made in its anterior wall about 5 in. in depth, and the :muscular wall torn through to the same extent.The membrane was then carefully opened and the finger passed in, to find the position of 'the placenta.
Association of the CHRNA3 Locus with Lung Cancer Risk and Prognosis in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Xiaomin Niu, Zhiwei Chen, Shengping Shen, Yun Liu, Daizhan Zhou, Jie Zhang, Ziming Li, Yongfeng Yu, Meilin Liao, Shun Lu, Lin He
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Endocrine disruption and altered gonadal development in white perch (Morone americana) from the lower Great Lakes region.
Authors: Richard J Kavanagh, Gordon C Balch, Yiannis Kiparissis, Arthur J Niimi, Jim Sherry, Cheryl Tinson, Chris D Metcalfe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

High prevalences of gonadal intersex have been observed in wild fish populations in areas affected by domestic and industrial effluents. For this study, fish were collected in 1998 from the Cootes Paradise region of Hamilton Harbour in western Lake Ontario, Canada, to determine whether gonadal abnormalities, including intersex, were present in young of the year (YOY) fish. No gonadal abnormalities were observed in goldfish (Carassius auratus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), brown bullhead (Ictalurus ameiurus), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). However, intersex gonads were observed in 8 of 16 male white perch (Morone americana) examined in this survey. Subsequently, in 1999 and 2000 white perch estimated to be YOY to approximately 2 years of age were collected from Cootes Paradise and from two other sites in the lower Great Lakes region. Gonadal intersex was observed in male white perch collected from the Bay of Quinte (22-44%) and Lake St. Clair (45%), although the prevalence and the extent of the intersex condition were lower relative to the 83% prevalence in white perch collected in Cootes Paradise. Intersex was not observed in hatchery-reared white perch or in white perch collected from an uncontaminated reference site (i.e., Deal Lake) in the United States. An analysis of plasma collected in the spring of 2002 from male adult white perch in Cootes Paradise revealed high concentrations of vitellogenin, ranging from 49 to 1,711 microg/mL. These observations indicate that male white perch are exposed to estrogenic endocrine-disrupting substances that may be responsible for the induction of gonadal intersex.
Comparison of Coronary CT Angiography and Stress/Rest Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Imaging in a Chinese Population
Authors: Ping-Ping Han, Wei Fang, Yue-Qin Tian, Yang Gao, Min-Fu Yang, Xiao-Li Zhang, Rui Shen, Xiao-Xin Sun, Shu-Bin Qiao, Bin Lv, Yue-Jin Yang, Zuo-Xiang He
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The relationship between luminal stenosis measured by coronary CT angiography and stress-induced ischemia by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging is not clearly defined. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship between stenosis severity by coronary CT angiography and abnormal SPECT finding and to explore the impact of clinical factors on this relationship.Seven hundred six consecutive patients with suspected coronary artery disease between January 2008 and October 2010 were prospectively enrolled.SPECT revealed 348 reversible and 58 fixed defects in 91 patients. Coronary CT angiography revealed that 339 patients had a maximal luminal stenosis 50% or greater. Total coronary artery calcium score was calculated in 428 patients, including 193 without calcification as well as 128 with mild, 59 with moderate, and 48 with severe-to-extensive calcification. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) of coronary CT angiography for detecting abnormal SPECT finding were, respectively, 48.4%, 90.4%, 42.7%, and 92.2% on a patients' level and 40.2%, 95.6%, 33.6%, and 96.6% on vascular level when cutoff value of stenosis was set at 75%. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the best cutoff value of stenosis for detecting abnormal SPECT finding was 55% on patients' level and 43% on vascular level. Patients with severe-to-extensive calcification had lowest specificity (56.3%) and NPV (69.2%). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of coronary CT angiography were not affected by any clinical factors (P = nonsignificant), whereas the specificity was higher in female patients, population younger than 60 years, and population without hypertension or family history of coronary artery disease (P < 0.05), and the NPV was higher among female patients and population without hypertension (P < 0.05).Coronary CT angiography has good agreement with stress/rest myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging. Coronary calcification and several clinical factors could affect the specificity and NPV of coronary CT angiography for detecting abnormal SPECT finding.
Mentality Status in Cerebral Palsy
Authors: George N. Austin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We are indebted to Dr. Ralph I. Fried for his searching analysis and splendid job of medical reporting of "Calabazas: Court Jester to Philip IV of Spain" (<b>196</b>:765, 1966). However, his statement, "While only a small portion of cerebralpalsied individuals have any mental dysfunction,..." is not supported by current statistics. The orthopedic textbook which our medical students read states: "Statistics have shown that the mentality of from 30 to 50% of all cerebral palsy patients is either seriously retarded or otherwise defective, and that approximately 75% have a mentality below average."<sup>1</sup> Dr. George G. Deaver of New York city and others have estimated that 70% of the children brought to him are mentally retarded. Our experience at the University of Maryland and the Kernan Crippled Childrens Hospital, Baltimore, has been much the same.
Ga-68 DOTA-NOC Uptake in the Pancreas
Authors: Yodphat Krausz, Rina Rubinstein, Liat Appelbaum, Eyal Mishani, Marina Orevi, Merav Fraenkel, Sagi Tshori, Benjamin Glaser, Moshe Bocher, Asher Salmon, Roland Chisin, David J. Gross, Nanette Freedman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Objective: Gallium-68 (Ga-68) DOTA-1-NaI3-octreotide (DOTA-NOC) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), often found primarily in the pancreas. However, physiologic uptake of DOTA-NOC has been described in the uncinate process of the pancreas. We studied DOTA-NOC uptake in this organ. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six patients underwent 103 DOTA-NOC scans, with pathology-proven pancreatic NET (n = 40) and nonpancreatic NET or biochemical suspicion of NET (n = 63). Results: DOTA-NOC uptake was detected in 35 documented pancreatic tumor sites (SUV: 5.5–165; mean: 25.7 ± 28.8; median: 17.8). Among 63 cases without previous known pathology, uptake was suspicious for tumor in 24 sites (SUV: 4.7–35; mean 16.3 ± 8.0; median: 14.1), and in 38 sites, it was judged as physiological, generally lower relative to adjacent structures (SUV: 2.2–12.6; mean: 6.6 ± 2.2; median: 6.2). In 24 scans with suspected tumor and in 37 of 38 scans with physiological uptake, diagnostic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging or endoscopic ultrasonography failed to detect tumor. Conclusions: Pancreatic DOTA-NOC uptake must be interpreted with caution, and further studies are required.
CHANGES IN SKELETAL IMAGES INDUCED BY GRANULOCYTE- COLONY- STIMULATING FACTOR (G-CSF)
Authors: J G McAfee, J A Carrasquillo, S W Falen, J A O'Shaughnessy, K H Cowan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Dept. of Nuclear Medicine1, Clinical Center, and Medical Branch2, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD.
Segmented Filamentous Bacterium Uses Secondary and Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues to Induce Gut IgA and Specific T Helper 17 Cell Responses
Authors: Emelyne Lécuyer, Sabine Rakotobe, Hélène Lengliné-Garnier, Corinne Lebreton, Marion Picard, Catherine Juste, Rémi Fritzen, Gérard Eberl, Kathy D. McCoy, Andrew J. Macpherson, Claude-Agnès Reynaud, Nadine Cerf-Bensussan, Valérie Gaboriau-Routhiau
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Pharmacotherapy and Behavioral Intervention for Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Falk Kiefer, Karl Mann
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Use of H 11 in Carcinoma
Authors: H. A. Kidd
Journal: BMJ (1943)

MEDITCRISH 67NALinjected twice daily-mostly intraperitoneally, but subcutane- ously when the health of the animals became affected-from March 22 to April 15 inclusive; 25 days in all.The accompanying chart illustrates the growth of the treated and un- treated tumours.A
Is Femur Length the Key Height Component in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Among Adults?
Authors: Jian Liu, Hongzhuan Tan, Brian Jeynes
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

To examine the diabetes risk association with femur length, standing height, and height without femur length (HWFL) (HWFL = standing height--femur length).We used data from three time periods of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004) for this cross-sectional analysis and confined the eligible subjects to 6,188 adults aged 20+ years who had fasted >or=8 h and had no missing values of femur length or standing height. The outcome measure was type 2 diabetes.Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that the odds of type 2 diabetes per 1-SD value increase in femur length, standing height, and HWFL were 0.73 (95% CI 0.61-0.86), 0.91 (0.75-1.10), and 1.09 (0.90-1.32) for men, respectively, and 0.82 (0.70-0.97), 0.99 (0.82-1.21), and 1.11 (0.93-1.33) for women.Our study supports the hypothesis that femur length may be the key height component in diabetes risk association.
Therapeutic effect and titers of the specific IgE and IgG antibodies in patients with sea squirt Allergy (Hoya asthma) under a long-term hyposensitization with three sea squirt antigens
Authors: T. Jyo, Y. Kodomari, N. Kodomari, W. Kuwabara, T. Katsutani, T. Otsuka, S. Tsuboi, S. Oka, S. Shigeta, K. Ono
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1989)
IMMUNE REGULATION BY CD40 AND ITS LIGAND GP39
Authors: Teresa M. Foy, Alejandro Aruffo, Jürgen Bajorath, Janet E. Buhlmann, Randolph J. Noelle
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1996)

▪ Abstract Over the past three years, CD40 and its ligand (gp39, CD40L, TBAM) have been shown to be essential for humoral immune responses to thymus-dependent antigens. However, as the tissue distribution widens for those cells that express CD40 and gp39, we can now show that this ligand-receptor pair also plays an important role in the selection of self-reactive T cells in the thymus (central tolerance) and the regulation of tolerance in mature T cells (peripheral tolerance). Advances in our understanding of the molecular basis for CD40 biology is based in two areas of research. First, a major breakthrough in our understanding of how CD40 transduces biological events centers on the identification of a novel protein that binds to the cytoplasmic tail of CD40 and may act as a signal transducing molecule. Secondly, advances in molecular modeling and mutagenesis of this ligand-receptor pair have helped to identify the critical receptor/ligand contacts in the gp39/CD40 complex. Advances in each of these areas are discussed.
Doctors pass off spoof research as fact
Authors: T Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A group of Dutch doctors is attempting to pass off spoof scientific research as fact in an attempt, they claim, to show the thin line between truth and fiction in medicine. One regional Dutch newspaper has already published a fake article, believing it to be true, about a “gene bus” that the public could attend to test their genetic predisposition to fatal diseases. It stated that the results of tests for Alzheimer's disease were kept secret because “the high percentage could cause social unrest in the village.”

The story appeared in the Leeuwarder Courant, Friesland's main newspaper. It was then picked up by the national newspaper De …
Antibiotic Misuse
Authors: Michael Bell
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
David Sydney Gordon
Authors: P E Gordon
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Epidemiologist who discovered the Lassa fever virus-and nearly died from it Jordi Casals-Ariet, an epidemiologist and virologist, was hailed by scientists around the world when he discovered the virus that causes Lassa fever.He was nearly killed by the disease in 1969 while working with the virus in his Yale laboratory.In a high-stakes gamble and with no known treatment, his doctors decided to transfuse him with blood from a nurse who had survived Lassa fever.The blood saved his life.But colleagues say that Dr Casals' contributions are far greater than his discovery of the Lassa fever virus."He did a yeoman's work in establishing useful methods of classifying viruses," said Dr Gregory Tignor, professor emeritus at Yale, who worked with Dr Casals.Little was known about many viruses when Dr Casals started his work at Yale. "Everybody has forgotten how bad it was back then," said Dr Tignor."People didn't know what was causing encephalitis.We had no way of telling the difference between rabies encephalitis, polio encephalitis, or other causes of encephalitis.But Jordi found ways, using antigens and antibodies, to figure it out.His work was so meticulous that to this day nobody has changed his classifications because they have all held up."
94 Prospective randomised trial on IFN-therapy for the secondary prevention of HCC recurrence after curative resection in HCV related cirrhosis. Preliminary report
Authors: V. Mazzaferro, R. Romito, M. Colombo, L. Capussotti, R. Polastri, R. Pellicci, F. Calise, G. Belli, L. Mariani, T. Camerini, F. Bonino
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
On Diseases of the Eye, their Modifications from Climate, etc., as Observed in India
Authors: W. Martin
Journal: BMJ (1859)

all over his face.The iodides were omitted; and he went out much better in all respects, but not cured.CASE III.R. Foulkes, aged 48, a miner, came into the Infirmary on August 21st, having for six months laboured under bronchitis, diseased heart, aedema of the legs, etc.The urine was very red, from the quantity of blood which it contained.It was, of course, coagulable by heat and iiitric acid; specific gravity 1015.Blood-corpuscles and epithelial casts of the uriniferous tubes were seen under the microscope.The ex- pectoration was very peculiar and very profuse.In October, I thought I detected urea in it.When the disease had become chronic (November 19th), I ordered iodide of potassium twice a day, which he took till November 30th.His eyes were at this time much inflamed.and his face was broken out all over.The pustules on his
From keratinocyte to cancer: the pathogenesis and modeling of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Vladimir Ratushny, Michael D. Gober, Ryan Hick, Todd W. Ridky, John T. Seykora
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common human cancer with over 250,000 new cases annually in the US and is second in incidence only to basal cell carcinoma. cSCC typically manifests as a spectrum of progressively advanced malignancies, ranging from a precursor actinic keratosis (AK) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ (SCCIS), invasive cSCC, and finally metastatic SCC. In this Review we discuss clinical and molecular parameters used to define this range of cutaneous neoplasia and integrate these with the multiple experimental approaches used to study this disease. Insights gained from modeling cSCCs have suggested innovative therapeutic targets for treating these lesions.
UTILIZING THE COMMUNITY AS A THERAPEUTIC RESOURCE
Authors: LEE G. SEWALL, CHARLES W. GRADY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1951)

1. The responsibility of a mental hospital does not end with sending the patient out on trial visit. The hospital also has, or should have, some responsibility for finding a proper vocational placement and supervising that placement, when the family are unable or unwilling to do so. 2. In assuming that responsibility, the Veterans Hospital at Roanoke, Va., maintains constant contact with persons in the community who are willing to find placements for selected trial-visit patients. 3. Methods of selecting patients, and of preparing them and the employer, are described. 4. A typical case of successful placement is detailed. 5. In the past 3 years, we have worked with 68 patients in this program. Nine of these are considered failures, and 49 must be definitely classed as successful placements. The other 10 patients are still under supervision, and for the most part are adjusting well. 6. Schizophrenics seem to have less difficulty in making an adjustment than individuals with other psychiatric disabilities. 7. This program, carried by one employee, has resulted not only in the community readjustment of a number of individuals with severe chronic psychiatric disabilities but also in the saving of thousands of dollars to the government.
Reimbursement for Unproven Therapies: The Case of Thermography-Reply
Authors: Michael Dubinsky
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —In our article we did not wish to single out thermography or thermographers for condemnation. Rather, our study was an attempt to understand how courts arrive at decisions that run counter to accepted medical science. Laetrile, immunoaugmentative therapy, and thermography are examples of technologies in which courts ordered reimbursement for them despite the fact that they had been assessed as being not safe, not effective, or inadequately evaluated. We remain convinced that thermography was and is an appropriate example for our purposes for the following reasons: The American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs<sup>1</sup>found that "thermography had not been demonstrated to have any value as a diagnostic test based on information contained in the 1987 Council Report and reviews by other qualified medical groups." They resolved to study the issue further. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons<sup>2</sup>adopted a position statement that the "use of
ADHD drug makers move to expand into adult market
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

After boosting the number of children taking drugs for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) nearly sixfold over two decades, from 600 000 in 1990 to 3.5 million today, US drug makers are now using the same marketing strategies to target the much larger adult market, reports a front page story in last Sunday’s New York Times .1

In the article, headlined “The selling of attention deficit disorder,” the reporter Alan Schwarz wrote that behind the growth in ADHD prescriptions in the United States …