tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II Trial of Short-Course R-Chop Followed by 90Y-Ibritumomab Tiuxetan in Previously Untreated High-Risk Elderly Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Pier Luigi Zinzani, Giuseppe Rossi, Silvia Franceschetti, Barbara Botto, Alice Di Rocco, Maria Giuseppina Cabras, Maria Concetta Petti, Vittorio Stefoni, Alessandro Broccoli, Stefano Fanti, Cinzia Pellegrini, Gian Carlo Montini, Letizia Gandolfi, Enrico Derenzini, Lisa Argnani, Mariapaola Fina, Alessandra Tucci, Chiara Bottelli, Stefano Pileri, Michele Baccarani
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the treatment with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan following a short-course of rituximab with cyclophosphamide-adriamycin-vincristine-prednisone (R-CHOP) in high-risk elderly patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Experimental Design: From December 2006 to October 2008, 55 high-risk elderly (age ≥60 years) untreated DLBCL patients were treated in seven Italian institutions with a short-course of chemotherapy consisting of four cycles of R-CHOP21 followed by 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan 6 to 10 weeks later. Results: Of the 55 patients, 48 underwent radioimmunotherapy. The overall response rate to the entire treatment regimen was 80%, including 73% complete remissions and 7% partial remissions. Eight (50%) of the 16 patients who achieved less than a complete response with CHOP improved their remission status after 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan administration. With a median follow-up of 18 months, the 2-year progression-free survival was estimated to be 85%, with a 2-year overall survival of 86%. 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan toxicity consisted of grade 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity in 28 of 48 patients, mainly neutropenia (23 patients) and thrombocytopenia (15 patients). Red cells and/or platelets transfusions were given to three patients. Conclusion: This study evaluated the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a short-course R-CHOP21 regimen followed by 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan in high-risk elderly DLBCL patients. Clin Cancer Res; 16(15); 3998–4004. ©2010 AACR.
Hemoglobin San Diego (β109 (G11) Val→Met) CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE DEOXY FORM
Authors: N. Leigh Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The three-dimensional structure of deoxyhemoglobin San Diego has been solved to 3.5 A resolution using mixed crystals of the variant hemoglobin and hemoglobin A. The site of the amino acid replacement can be clearly located in the difference electron density map and is consistent with the chemical result (beta109 Val-->Met) discussed in the preceding paper. The abnormally high oxygen affinity and impaired cooperativity appear to result from perturbations of the alpha(1)beta(1)-subunit interface.
Complications of indwelling venous access devices in cancer patients.
Authors: B J Eastridge, A T Lefor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

We undertook this study to review our experience with indwelling vascular access devices in cancer patients to identify factors associated with complications.A total of 322 indwelling devices were placed in 274 cancer patients by a single surgeon. Devices were placed via percutaneous insertion in 72% (231 of 322) and via venous cutdown in 28% (91 of 322). We placed external catheters in 209 of 322 patients (65%) and subcutaneous infusion ports in 113 of 322 (35%).Pneumothorax occurred in four of 231 (1.7%) of the percutaneously placed devices. Postoperative complications included sepsis and thrombosis, which necessitated premature removal of the devices. Device related sepsis occurred in 28 of 209 patients (13%) with catheters and six of 113 patients (5%) with subcutaneous ports. Thrombosis occurred in 21 of 209 patients (10%) with catheters and seven of 113 (6%) with subcutaneous ports. In 15 of 19 devices removed for thrombosis, the tip was above the T3 level. Seventeen devices were placed in the saphenous vein, with a complication rate similar to that observed in upper-body devices.We found a significantly (P < .05, chi 2 analysis) increased incidence of thrombotic complications in patients with triple-lumen catheters (10 of 48) compared with double-lumen catheters (11 of 160), as well as a significantly (P < .05) decreased mean time until catheter failure (40 v 146 days). We also observed a significant increase in the rate of thrombosis in patients with a catheter tip above the T3 level. We therefore recommend the use of fluoroscopy at the time of placement to assure adequate catheter length and tip position and the use of triple-lumen catheters only when necessary for concurrent drug administration.
Botulism. The Organism, Its Toxins, The Disease.
Authors: Louis De Spain Smith, Hiroshi Sugiyama
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Botulism:the organism,its toxin,the disease , Botulism:the organism,its toxin,the disease , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Linking Surveillance with Action against Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Ted Cohen, Justin Manjourides, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

The speed at which most countries with high burdens of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) have scaled up their capacity to diagnose and treat individuals with these forms of TB has failed to keep pace with the problem. Limited availability of drug susceptibility testing, high costs and inefficiencies in the supply of second-line drugs, and inadequate capacity for the management of patients with MDRTB have contributed to the wide gap between the estimated need for and the delivery of MDRTB treatment. The most recent global estimates indicate that only about 1 in 20 individuals with incident MDRTB will be properly diagnosed; fewer still receive quality-assured treatment. As policy makers confront the threat of growing levels of drug-resistant TB, there is a clear role for improved surveillance methods that can facilitate more effective public health responses. In countries that cannot yet test all incident cases for drug resistance, analysis of programmatic data and use of periodic, efficient surveys can provide information to help prioritize the use of limited resources to geographic areas or population subgroups of greatest concern. We describe methods for the analysis of routinely collected data and alternative surveys that can help tighten the link between surveillance activities and interventions.
Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Left Ventricular Size and Function in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Martin G. St John Sutton, Ted Plappert, William T. Abraham, Andrew L. Smith, David B. DeLurgio, Angel R. Leon, Evan Loh, Dusan Z. Kocovic, Westby G. Fisher, Myrvin Ellestad, John Messenger, Kristin Kruger, Kathryn E. Hilpisch, Michael R.S. Hill
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has recently emerged as an effective treatment for patients with moderate to severe systolic heart failure and ventricular dyssynchrony. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether improvements in left ventricular (LV) size and function were associated with CRT.Doppler echocardiograms were obtained at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after therapy in 323 patients enrolled in the Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE) trial. Of these, 172 patients were randomized to CRT on and 151 patients to CRT off. Measurements were made of LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, ejection fraction, LV mass, severity of mitral regurgitation (MR), peak transmitral velocities during early (E-wave) and late (A-wave) diastolic filling, and the myocardial performance index. At 6 months, CRT was associated with reduced end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (both P<0.001), reduced LV mass (P<0.01), increased ejection fraction (P<0.001), reduced MR (P<0.001), and improved myocardial performance index (P<0.001) compared with control. beta-Blocker treatment status did not influence the effect of CRT. Improvements with CRT were greater in patients with a nonischemic versus ischemic cause of heart failure.CRT in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure who were treated with optimal medical therapy is associated with reverse LV remodeling, improved systolic and diastolic function, and decreased MR. LV remodeling likely contributes to the symptomatic benefits of CRT and may herald improved longer-term survival.
British Thoracic Society emergency oxygen audits
Authors: B. R. O'Driscoll, L. S. Howard, C. Bucknall, S. A. Welham, A. G. Davison
Journal: Thorax (2011)

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) guideline for emergency oxygen use in adult patients was commissioned by the BTS and developed in conjunction with 21 other colleges and societies prior to publication in 2008. One of the specific aims of the Guideline Development Group was to audit the use of oxygen in UK hospitals before the guideline was published and at intervals afterwards.
Evaluation of quality life indices in patients after pulmonary embolism
Authors: Nataliia Tsymbalyuk, Yuriy Mostovoy, Nataliia Slepchenko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a multifactorial disorder as a complication of many diseases which remains an urgent problem of medicine. Study of indices of changes of physical abilities, psychic state and social adaptation of an individual defined as quality of life are important in treatment of patients with PE.  Aims and objectives. To evaluate the indices of quality of life after PE depending on sex and age and to determine their dynamics under the influence of warfarin.  Methods. Assessment of indices of quality of life was done in 80 patients who had survived PE during their hospital stay and out-patient treatment using the questionnaire MOS SF-36.  Results. Patients of both sexes taking warfarin after PE showed better indices of physical status(PhS), psychic status (PsS), general status (GS) during out-patient treatment than during their hospital stay. Females had lower indices of quality of life than males both on the in-patient and out-patient stages of treatment.  Patients of both age groups (45-60 years and over 60) taking warfarin after PE demonstrated significantly higher indices of PhS, PsS and GS than those who did not take warfarin.  Indices of general health of patients taking warfarin after PE were significantly better (39.5+-9.5) than those in patients who received no anticoagulant therapy – (25.3+-5.9), p  Conclusions. Administration of warfarin in the dose of 3-5mg in complex program of therapeutic and prophylactic measures leads to significant increase of absolute values of life quality parameters in accordance with physical and psychic statuses as well as general health being an objective sign of level of adaptation of a person to living conditions in society.
Myocardial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent Concentrations After Reversible and Irreversible Ischemic Injury
Authors: Wolfgang G. Rehwald, David S. Fieno, Enn-Ling Chen, Raymond J. Kim, Robert M. Judd
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Discrepant reports have been published recently regarding the relationship of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance image intensities to reversible and irreversible ischemic injury. Unlike image intensities, contrast agent concentrations provide data independent of the MRI technique. We used electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) to simultaneously examine concentrations of Gd, Na, P, S, Cl, K, and Ca over a range of myocardial injuries. Methods and Results- Reversible and irreversible injury were studied in 38 rabbits divided into 4 groups defined by occlusion and reperfusion time, as well as time the animals were euthanized. Gd-DTPA was administered, and the hearts were excised and rapidly frozen, cryosectioned, freeze-dried, and examined by EPXMA in up to 3 regions: remote, infarcted, and at risk but not infarcted. Infarcted regions were defined by anti-myoglobin antibody or triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Regions at risk were defined by fluorescent microparticles administered during occlusion. Compared with remote regions, in acutely infarcted regions, Gd was increased (235+/-24%, P<0.005) in the same 50 x 100-microm areas in which Na was increased (154+/-5%, P<0.001) and K was decreased (52+/-8%, P<0.001). Similarly, in chronically infarcted regions, Gd was increased (472+/-78%, P<0.001) in areas in which Na was increased (332+/-28%, P<0.001) and K was decreased (47+/-5%, P<0.001). Also compared with remote regions, however, concentrations of Gd, Na, and K were not elevated after reperfusion in regions that were at risk but not infarcted (P=NS).Regional elevations in myocardial MRI contrast agent concentrations are exclusively associated with irreversible ischemic injury defined histologically and by regional electrolyte concentrations.
Prevalence of dermatophyte onychomycosis in Spain: a cross-sectional study
Authors: G. SAIS, A. JUGGLÁG, J. PEYRÍ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

To evaluate the prevalence of dermatophyte onychomycosis in Spain, a cross-sectional study was conducted between 1992 and 1993. A total of 10,007 subjects over the age of 15 years were interviewed (using the computer-assisted telephone interview system), completed a directed questionnaire, and reviewed a series of photographs of diverse nail disorders. The period prevalence of onychomycosis was 2.6% and the point prevalence 1.7%. The prevalence of onychomycosis was higher in women (1.8%) than in men (0.8%). Age group distribution showed a higher onychomycosis prevalence (1.2%) in the oldest age group (>55 years). With regard to localization, the prevalence of toenail onychomycosis was higher than that of fingernail onychomycosis and of concurrent infection in both sites. The results of this study suggest that 802,893 inhabitants of Spain have, or have previously suffered from dermatophyte onychomycosis. Only 38.6% have sought medical advice, and only 14% of those who did so consulted a dermatologist.
First evidence of overlaps between HIV-Associated Dementia (HAD) and non-viral neurodegenerative diseases: proteomic analysis of the frontal cortex from HIV+ patients with and without dementia
Authors: Li Zhou, Eve Diefenbach, Ben Crossett, Sieu L Tran, Thomas Ng, Helen Rizos, Rejane Rua, Bin Wang, Amit Kapur, Kaushal Gandhi, Bruce J Brew, Nitin K Saksena
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2010)

Abstract Background The pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is poorly understood. To date, detailed proteomic fingerprinting directly from autopsied brain tissues of HAD and HIV non-dementia patients has not been performed. Result Here, we have analyzed total proteins from the frontal cortex of 9 HAD and 5 HIV non-dementia patients. Using 2-Dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2-DIGE) to analyze the brain tissue proteome, 76 differentially expressed proteins (p &lt; 0.05; fold change&gt;1.25) were identified between HAD and HIV non-dementia patients, of which 36 protein spots (based on 3D appearance of spots on the images) were chosen for the mass spectrometry analysis. The large majority of identified proteins were represented in the energy metabolic (mitochondria) and signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, over 90% of the protein candidates are common to both HAD and other non-viral neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease. The data was further validated using specific antibodies to 4 proteins (CA2, GS, CKMT and CRMP2) by western blot (WB) in the same samples used for 2D-DIGE, with additional confirmation by immunohistochemitsry (IHC) using frontal lobe tissue from different HAD and HIV+ non-dementia patients. The validation for all 4 antibodies by WB and IHC was in concordance with the DIGE results, lending further credence to the current findings. Conclusion These results suggest not only convergent pathogenetic pathways for the two diseases but also the possibility of increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility in HAD patients whose life expectancy has been significantly increased by highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Did an ancient chlamydial endosymbiosis facilitate the establishment of primary plastids?
Authors: Jinling Huang, Johann Peter Gogarten
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Abstract Background Ancient endosymbioses are responsible for the origins of mitochondria and plastids, and they contribute to the divergence of several major eukaryotic groups. Although chlamydiae, a group of obligate intracellular bacteria, are not found in plants, an unexpected number of chlamydial genes are most similar to plant homologs, which, interestingly, often contain a plastid-targeting signal. This observation has prompted several hypotheses, including gene transfer between chlamydiae and plant-related groups and an ancestral relationship between chlamydiae and cyanobacteria. Results We conducted phylogenomic analyses of the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae to identify genes specifically related to chlamydial homologs. We show that at least 21 genes were transferred between chlamydiae and primary photosynthetic eukaryotes, with the donor most similar to the environmental Protochlamydia . Such an unusually high number of transferred genes suggests an ancient chlamydial endosymbiosis with the ancestral primary photosynthetic eukaryote. We hypothesize that three organisms were involved in establishing the primary photosynthetic lineage: the eukaryotic host cell, the cyanobacterial endosymbiont that provided photosynthetic capability, and a chlamydial endosymbiont or parasite that facilitated the establishment of the cyanobacterial endosymbiont. Conclusion Our findings provide a glimpse into the complex interactions that were necessary to establish the primary endosymbiotic relationship between plastid and host cytoplasms, and thereby explain the rarity with which long-term successful endosymbiotic relationships between heterotrophs and photoautotrophs were established. Our data also provide strong and independent support for a common origin of all primary photosynthetic eukaryotes and of the plastids they harbor.
Long-Term Prognostic Value of Coronary Calcification Detected by Electron-Beam Computed Tomography in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Paul C. Keelan, Lawrence F. Bielak, Khalid Ashai, Lama S. Jamjoum, Ali E. Denktas, John A. Rumberger, Patrick F. Sheedy, II, Patricia A. Peyser, Robert S. Schwartz
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Electron-beam CT (EBCT) quantification of coronary artery calcification (CAC) allows noninvasive assessment of coronary atherosclerosis. We undertook a follow-up study to determine whether CAC extent, measured at the time of angiography by EBCT, predicted future hard cardiac events, comprising cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). We also assessed the potential of selected coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, prior CAD event history (MI or revascularization), and angiographic findings (number of diseased vessels and overall disease burden) to predict subsequent hard events. Methods and Results Two hundred eighty-eight patients who underwent contemporaneous coronary angiography and EBCT scanning were contacted after a mean of 6.9 years. Vital status and history of MI during follow-up were determined. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the predictive ability of CAC extent with selected CAD risk factors, CAD event history, and angiographic findings. Median CAC score was 160 (range 0 to 7633). The 22 patients who experienced hard events during follow-up were older and had more extensive CAC and angiographic disease ( P &lt;0.05). Only 1 of 87 patients with CAC score &lt;20 experienced a subsequent hard event during follow-up. Event-free survival was significantly higher for patients with CAC scores &lt;100 than for those with scores ≥100 (relative risk 3.20; 95% CI 1.17 to 8.71). When a stepwise multivariable model was used, only age and CAC extent predicted hard events (risk ratios 1.72 and 1.88, respectively; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions In patients undergoing angiography, CAC extent on EBCT is highly predictive of future hard cardiac events and adds valuable prognostic information.
GSMN-TB: a web-based genome-scale network model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis metabolism
Authors: Dany JV Beste, Tracy Hooper, Graham Stewart, Bhushan Bonde, Claudio Avignone-Rossa, Michael E Bushell, Paul Wheeler, Steffen Klamt, Andrzej M Kierzek, Johnjoe McFadden
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

An impediment to the rational development of novel drugs against tuberculosis (TB) is a general paucity of knowledge concerning the metabolism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, particularly during infection. Constraint-based modeling provides a novel approach to investigating microbial metabolism but has not yet been applied to genome-scale modeling of M. tuberculosis. GSMN-TB, a genome-scale metabolic model of M. tuberculosis, was constructed, consisting of 849 unique reactions and 739 metabolites, and involving 726 genes. The model was calibrated by growing Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette Guérin in continuous culture and steady-state growth parameters were measured. Flux balance analysis was used to calculate substrate consumption rates, which were shown to correspond closely to experimentally determined values. Predictions of gene essentiality were also made by flux balance analysis simulation and were compared with global mutagenesis data for M. tuberculosis grown in vitro. A prediction accuracy of 78% was achieved. Known drug targets were predicted to be essential by the model. The model demonstrated a potential role for the enzyme isocitrate lyase during the slow growth of mycobacteria, and this hypothesis was experimentally verified. An interactive web-based version of the model is available. The GSMN-TB model successfully simulated many of the growth properties of M. tuberculosis. The model provides a means to examine the metabolic flexibility of bacteria and predict the phenotype of mutants, and it highlights previously unexplored features of M. tuberculosis metabolism.
Lack of efficacy of rituximab in Wegener's granulomatosis with refractory granulomatous manifestations
Authors: P M Aries
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Total knee replacement (TKR) is performed for end stage knee disease. Incidence of moderate to severe pain post-operatively has been reported as roughly 50%. This delays mobilisation, physiotherapy and recovery. Adductor canal block (ACB) is a relatively new block being increasingly used for pain control post-TKR. Potential advantage is that only the terminal sensory branch of the femoral is blocked — the saphenous nerve, thus avoiding the motor block (quadriceps weakness). Our aim was to ascertain the use of the block in our institute and potential advantage in terms of pain relief. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective analysis of anaesthetic notes and prescription data. 50 cases. Period August 2017 to October 2017. <h3>Results</h3> Age range: 49–89 years M/F ratio: 20/30 Block/no block: 16/34 Volume of local: range 5–20 ml Strength of local: 0.25%–0.75% Time to first dose of morphine for patient with block: average time 9.13 hours Time to first dose of morphine for patient without block: average time 3.64 hours <h3>Conclusions</h3> Various studies and meta-analysis also show that adductor canal block is useful for analgesia for TKR enhancing pain relief and improving mobility. Comparable analgesia and no motor block with regards to femoral nerve block makes it further appealing in terms of enhanced recovery. Confounding factors include: Volume of LA used for SAB Volume of LA used for block Strength of LA used for block Small number of patients receiving the block