tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Collings report on general practice in England in 1950: unrecognised, pioneering piece of British social research?
Authors: R. Petchey
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Collings's grim description of postwar general practice in England and his sombre analysis of its prospects created an immediate sensation. In addition to its value as a historical document, the report is also regarded as a turning point in the postwar history of British general practice. The study is also interesting for another reason, which has not been acknowledged: Collings merits recognition as a pioneer of ethnographic research at a time when it was largely unknown elsewhere in British social research.
Gastroscopy with biopsy and cytological sampling under direct vision.
Authors: D. G. Williams, S. C. Truelove, M. W. Gear, G. R. Massarella, N. W. Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Method of ExaminationMost of the patients examined were outpatients and all had had a recent barium meal.Apart from the fact that a barium meal is an essential diagnostic procedure in gastroenterology, it must be performed before gastroscopy to exclude cardio-oesophageal abnormalities which might make introduction of the gastroscope unduly dangerous.
Commentary: Frameworks for long term conditions must take account of needs of frail older people
Authors: Adam Gordon, David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2015)

As the NHS struggles in the face of high attendances at emergency departments, Eaton and colleagues’ reminder about the importance of a structured response to long term conditions is timely.1 The approaches presented go some way to providing a framework for service development, but they also seem beguilingly straightforward. We know that whole system change will not be easy and that getting care for older patients with frailty “right” is crucial to the sustainability of the NHS, as it is for other healthcare systems.

In the UK, older patients with frailty have the highest consultation rate in …
Reducing Choking Deaths in Children-Reply
Authors: Frank L. Rimell
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The purpose of our article was to present the data, not to provide the solution to the problem. It is true that reported balloon deaths have decreased in the 1990s, and we agree that education is perhaps the most important component contributing to this decrease. That is why our article was written. If the members of The Balloon Council are serious about their commitment to childhood safety, then I challenge them to have warning labels printed on individual balloons in addition to the package that the balloons come in (as mandated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission and the federal government in 1994<sup>1</sup>). Balloons are usually received individually, not as a package. What was not emphasized strongly enough in our article is the hazard of food products marketed toward children and currently not regulated for design. I was reminded of this fact last month after removing chocolate-covered
Associations between Traffic Noise, Particulate Air Pollution, Hypertension, and Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Adults: The KORA Study
Authors: Wolfgang Babisch, Kathrin Wolf, Markus Petz, Joachim Heinrich, Josef Cyrys, Annette Peters
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Studies on the association between traffic noise and cardiovascular diseases have rarely considered air pollution as a covariate in the analyses. Isolated systolic hypertension has not yet been in the focus of epidemiological noise research.The association between traffic noise (road and rail) and the prevalence of hypertension was assessed in two study populations with a total of 4,166 participants 25-74 years of age. Traffic noise (weighted day-night average noise level; LDN) at the facade of the dwellings was derived from noise maps. Annual average PM2.5 mass concentrations at residential addresses were estimated by land-use regression. Hypertension was assessed by blood pressure readings, self-reported doctor-diagnosed hypertension, and antihypertensive drug intake.In the Greater Augsburg, Germany, study population, traffic noise and air pollution were not associated with hypertension. In the City of Augsburg population (n = 1,893), where the exposure assessment was more detailed, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for a 10-dB(A) increase in noise was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.35), and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.30) after additional adjustment for PM2.5. The adjusted OR for a 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.30), and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.27) after additional adjustment for noise. For isolated systolic hypertension, the fully adjusted OR for noise was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.86) and for PM2.5 was 1.08 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.34).Traffic noise and PM2.5 were both associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. Mutually adjusted associations with hypertension were positive but no longer statistically significant.
FOXO3a-Dependent Mechanism of E1A-Induced Chemosensitization
Authors: Jen-Liang Su, Xiaoyun Cheng, Hirohito Yamaguchi, Yi-Wen Chang, Chao-Feng Hou, Dung-Fang Lee, How-Wen Ko, Kuo-Tai Hua, Ying-Nai Wang, Michael Hsiao, PoShen B. Chen, Jung-Mao Hsu, Robert C. Bast, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gene therapy trials in human breast, ovarian, and head and neck tumors indicate that adenovirus E1A can sensitize cancer cells to the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. Resistance to paclitaxel has been reported to occur in cells expressing low levels of the Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a. In this article, we report that FOXO3a is critical for E1A-mediated chemosensitization to paclitaxel. RNA interference–mediated knockdown of FOXO3a abolished E1A-induced sensitivity to paclitaxel. Mechanistic investigations indicated that E1A indirectly stabilized FOXO3a by acting at an intermediate step to inhibit a ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis pathway involving the E3 ligase βTrCP and the FOXO3a inhibitory kinase IKKβ. E1A derepressed this inhibitory pathway by stimulating expression of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)/C protein phosphatases, which by binding to the TGF-β–activated kinase TAK1, inhibited its ability to activate IKKβ and, thereby, to suppress βTrCP-mediated degradation of FOXO3a. Thus, by stimulating PP2A/C expression, E1A triggers a signaling cascade that stabilizes FOXO3a and mediates chemosensitization. Our findings provide a leap forward in understanding paclitaxel chemosensitization by E1A, and offer a mechanistic rational to apply E1A gene therapy as an adjuvant for improving therapeutic outcomes in patients receiving paclitaxel treatment. Cancer Res; 71(21); 6878–87. ©2011 AACR.
Mutations in the seed region of human miR-96 are responsible for nonsyndromic progressive hearing loss
Authors: Ángeles Mencía, Silvia Modamio-Høybjør, Nick Redshaw, Matías Morín, Fernando Mayo-Merino, Leticia Olavarrieta, Luis A Aguirre, Ignacio del Castillo, Karen P Steel, Tamas Dalmay, Felipe Moreno, Miguel Ángel Moreno-Pelayo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Specific IgE to Mite, Shrimp and Blo t 13 allergens in an Allergic Population From the Caribbean
Authors: L. Puerta, J.I. Tudela, M. Munera, B. Cases, S. Lafosse-Marin, E. Fernandez-Caldas, L. Caraballo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Abstract 4879: Identification of the hSET1 as a unique marker to cancer cells
Authors: Sushma Yadav, Sharad S. Singahl, Jyotsana Singhal, Sanjay Awasthi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Our recent studies have shown that human SET1, a key element of highly conserved multi-protein histone methyl transferase (HMT) complex known to catalyze methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and regulating expression of specific genes important for the malignant phenotype, differentially over-expressed in the cancer cells. RT-PCR competition assay were developed using oligonucleotides, designed from the conserved sequences from the flanking regions of hSET1 and have shown that the sequences of hSET1 are unique to the malignant tumor tissues. The studies have been extended to the cultured cells and hSET1 has been shown to be differentially over-expressed in the malignant cells as compared to the normal cells at the RNA as well as protein level. The potential importance of these observations is underscored by our recently published studies showing complete regression of human colon cancer xenografts in nude-mice treated with phosphorothioate antisense to cause near complete depletion of SET1 in the animal. No significant adverse effects were seen, and all animals treated with antisense had regression of already established xenografts after i.p. injection of SET1 directed phosphorothioate antisense. In contrast, tumor progression was not affected by a paired scrambled antisense. These findings indicate that amplification by RT-PCR of specific circulating tumor-specific ribonucleotides may be a powerful tool for early detection of cancer, and perhaps a means for selecting patient-specific targeted therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4879.
Vitamin E Concentration and Physical Decline in Older Persons—Reply
Authors: Benedetta Bartali
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for infants with MLL gene-rearrangement-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: K Koh, D Tomizawa, A Moriya Saito, T Watanabe, T Miyamura, M Hirayama, Y Takahashi, A Ogawa, K Kato, K Sugita, T Sato, T Deguchi, Y Hayashi, J Takita, Y Takeshita, M Tsurusawa, K Horibe, S Mizutani, E Ishii
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Vitamin D, Alcoholism, and Dialysis
Authors: CHARLES E. KING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments1 June 1977Vitamin D, Alcoholism, and DialysisCHARLES E. KING, M.D.CHARLES E. KING, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-6-830_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Velentzas and co-workers' demonstration of abnormally low vitamin-D levels (Ann Intern Med86:198, 1977) in noncirrhotic alcoholics and in patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis was an interesting and potentially important observation in the otherwise unexplained metabolic bone disease sometimes seen in these patients. The authors' speculation of disturbed protein metabolism in the dialysis patient could be tested by analysis of dialysate for the presence of vitamin-D protein binders. In addition, inadequate intake of vitamin-D (for example, in milk) as a potential problem in the patient with renal failure was not mentioned by the authors and could... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Gastroenterology Section Veterans Administration Hospital Gainesville, FL 32602 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVitamin Deficiencies and Excesses: Behavioral Consequences in Adults 1 June 1977Volume 86, Issue 6Page: 830-830KeywordsAlcoholismBoneMedical dialysisMetabolic disordersMilkPatientsPeritoneal dialysisProtein metabolismRenal failureVitamin D Issue Published: 1 June 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Does Scant Hematochezia Necessitate the Performance of Total Colonoscopy?
Authors: V. F. Eckardt, T. Schmitt, G. Kanzler, A. J. Eckardt, G. Bernhard
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Background and Study Aims: Controversy exists as to whether all patients with lower intestinal bleeding need to undergo total colonoscopy. This study compares the prevalence of colonic neoplasms in patients reporting scant hematochezia with the prevalence in controls.
Recombinant human manganese superoxide dismutase reduces liver fibrosis and portal pressure in CCl4-cirrhotic rats
Authors: Maeva Guillaume, Aina Rodriguez-Vilarrupla, Jorge Gracia-Sancho, Eugenio Rosado, Aldo Mancini, Jaume Bosch, Joan Carles Garcia-Pagán
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Study of cancer mortality by grid square method.
Authors: T Okubo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The grid square method as used in Japan has been standardized by the government, by use of the lines of the earth's latitude and longitude. The basic unit covers an area of approximately one square kilometer. An evaluation of this method is focused on the geographical distribution of cancer mortality in the city of Tokyo over a period of six years. The results indicated that for stomach and lung cancers, there was a very clear geographical distribution. High stomach cancer areas were similar for both males and females, and by comparing data with census data, it was evident that the blue-collar areas showed high mortality. High lung cancer areas were also similar for both males and females, but the distribution was opposite to that of stomach cancer, i.e., the higher mortality was observed in white-collar areas. Because the basic area unit of one square kilometer was too small for statistical analysis of geographical distribution, the moving average of nine grid squares as well as a
John David Williams
Authors: Alasdair Geddes, Norman Simmons
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Psychiatrist who reinterpreted the Royal Free fatigue epidemic and wrote historical atlases Colin McEvedy was interested in mass movements of people, whether as a psychiatrist, historian, or demographer, but it was his analysis of a mystery illness at the Royal Free Hospital in London that made his name in psychiatry.In 1955 an epidemic swept through the nursing staff at the Royal Free, closing the hospital for three months.In all, 300 people were affected, 200 of whom were admitted.No one died and not one single hospital patient was affected, and no causative organism was ever found, though not for want of looking.The disease was described as a benign, myalgic form of encephalomyelitis.Fifteen years later, Colin McEvedy, then a senior registrar at the Middlesex Hospital, co-wrote two papers (with his boss, Professor Bill Beard), arguing, firstly, that the epidemic was one of conversion hysteria triggered by fear, probably of polio (BMJ 1970;1(687):7-11), which was still a serious problem at the time; and, secondly, that it was one of several reported similar epidemics, others of which were among hospital nurses (BMJ 1970;1(687):11-15).McEvedy was meanwhile writing a thesis on two epidemics of mass hysteria in girls' schools.His doctoral thesis was accepted without difficulty, but the papers on the Royal Free outbreak were greeted with howls of rage.Although he and Beard emphasised that the diagnosis of hysteria was "not a slur on the individuals or the institution involved" and that "the hysterical reaction is part of everyone's potential," many people, it seemed, felt that while hysteria was an acceptable diagnosis in the case of schoolgirls, it was not in the case of nurses.McEvedy and Beard's argument was that, in addition to the absence of an identifiable causative organism, most people recovered unremarkably, and most biochemical tests were normal.Most sufferers had depression, fatigue, and vague neurological signs.Many had paralysis or sensory disturbances, but their reflexes were normal.Taking the institution as a wholestaff, students, and patients-the epidemic affected 10.4% of women and only 2.8% of men.Two sufferers who died from other causes (ovarian cancer, disseminated
Cardiac and skeletal muscle disorders caused by mutations in the intracellular Ca2+ release channels
Authors: Silvia G. Priori, Carlo Napolitano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Here we review the current knowledge about the mutations of the gene encoding the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) that cause cardiac arrhythmias. Similarities between the mutations identified in the RyR2 gene and those found in the gene RyR1 that cause malignant hyperthermia and central core disease are discussed. In vitro functional characterization of RyR1 and RyR2 mutants is reviewed, with a focus on the contribution that in vitro expression studies have made to our understanding of related human diseases.
Animal models of anxiety based on classical conditioning: The conditioned emotional response (CER) and the fear-potentiated startle effect
Authors: Michael Davis
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1990)

Stimuli consistently paired with shock become capable of suppressing ongoing operant or consummatory behavior (the conditioned emotional response—CER) or elevating the amplitude of the startle reflex (fear-potentiated startle). These changes are used to infer a central state of fear which involves the central nucleus of the amygdala and its efferent projections to the brainstem. The present paper reviews how psychoactive drugs affect these measures. Both the CER and fear-potentiated startle are reduced by benzodiazepines, barbiturates and opiates. Advantages and disadvantages of these animal tests of anxiety are discussed.
Smoking and Serologic Abnormalities
Authors: Charles L. Heiskell
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The study determined, in an ambulatory population comprising 963 females and 549 males over 25 years of age, the relationship between smoking habits and serologic abnormalities as measured by the presence of C-reactive protein—CRP —and an abnormal seroflocculant for ethyl choledienate—SF. When the effect of age was held constant, the correlation between the incidence of positive SF and CRP tests and increased cigarette consumption was significant in both male and female groups. When the effect of age was not held constant, a significant difference was observed between the frequency of positive SF tests among males who did not smoke and those who smoked cigarettes regardless of the number smoked. The only significant difference in frequency of positive CRP tests in males was observed between nonsmokers and those smoking more than one pack of cigarettes per day.
Complications in Young Adults With Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Teresa A. Hillier, Kathryn L. Pedula
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

To determine whether adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes from age 18 to 44 years more aggressively develop clinical complications after diagnosis than adults diagnosed at >or=45 years of age.We compared outcomes among 7844 adults in a health maintenance organization who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 1996 and 1998. We abstracted clinical data from electronic medical, laboratory, and pharmacy records. To adjust for length of follow-up and sex, we used proportional hazards models to compare incident complication rates through 2001 between onset groups (mean follow-up 3.9 years). To adjust for the increasing prevalence of macrovascular disease with advancing age, onset groups were matched by age and sex to control subjects without diabetes for macrovascular outcomes.Adults with early-onset type 2 diabetes were 80% more likely to begin insulin therapy than those with usual-onset type 2 diabetes (hazards ratio [HR] 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.0), despite a similar average time to requiring insulin ( approximately 2.2 years). Although the combined risk of microvascular complications did not differ overall, microalbuminuria was more likely in early-onset type 2 diabetes than usual-onset type 2 diabetes (HR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4). The hazard of any macrovascular complication in early-onset type 2 diabetic patients compared with control subjects was twice as high in usual-onset type 2 diabetic patients compared with control subjects (HR 7.9 vs. 3.8, respectively). Myocardial infarction (MI) was the most common macrovascular complication, and the hazard of developing an MI in early-onset type 2 diabetic patients was 14-fold higher than in control subjects (HR 14.0, 95% CI 6.2-31.4). In contrast, adults with usual-onset type 2 diabetes had less than four times the risk of developing an MI compared with control subjects (HR 3.7, P < 0.001).Early-onset type 2 diabetes appears to be a more aggressive disease from a cardiovascular standpoint. Although the absolute rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is higher in older adults, young adults with early-onset type 2 diabetes have a much higher risk of CVD relative to age-matched control subjects.
1107-135 Neoangiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor expression is associated with an osteoblast-like bone formation in calcified rheumatic heart valves
Authors: Thomas B Nealis, Stuart Stock, Khuram H Siddiqi, Thenappan Thenappan, Thomas C Sebo, Stephen W Carmichael, James Frederiksen, Malayannan Subramanium, William D Edwards, Thomas C Spelsberg, Robert O Bonow, Nalini M Rajamannan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Drug companies face the music
Authors: Allison Barrett
Journal: BMJ (2005)

H ow do you get people to tune in to the tricks of pharmaceutical marketing? A US band, the country/bluegrass satirists the Austin Lounge Lizards, has decided that one approach is to write and record a song about it.

The group has collaborated with US watchdog body Consumers Union—New York based publishers of the reputable Consumer Reports —to come …
Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal isolated from India, Bangladesh and Thailand are clonal as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
Authors: Hisao Kurazono, Jun Okuda, Yoshifumi Takeda, G. Balakrish Nair, M.J. Albert, R.B. Sack, Manas Chongsa-nguan, Wanpen Chaicumpa
Journal: Journal of Infection (1994)