tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic CD154 antibody for lupus: promise for the future?
Authors: Garnett Kelsoe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of pathogenic autoantibodies. A new study demonstrates that passive antibody specific for the TNF family member, CD154, ameliorates disease by reducing levels of self-reactive antibody in the serum. This study demonstrates a substantial potential for anti-CD154 antibody in the treatment of humoral autoimmunity.
NOTCH2 and FLT3 gene mis-splicings are common events in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML): new potential targets in AML
Authors: Sophia Adamia, Michal Bar-Natan, Benjamin Haibe-Kains, Patrick M. Pilarski, Christian Bach, Samuel Pevzner, Teresa Calimeri, Herve Avet-Loiseau, Laurence Lode, Sigitas Verselis, Edward A. Fox, Ilene Galinsky, Steven Mathews, Ibiayi Dagogo-Jack, Martha Wadleigh, David P. Steensma, Gabriela Motyckova, Daniel J. Deangelo, John Quackenbush, Daniel G. Tenen, Richard M. Stone, James D. Griffin
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract C02: Transient metabolic complex, the purinosome, for metabolic adaptation in cancer cells
Authors: Songon An, Minjoung Kyoung
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Sequential metabolic enzymes have long been hypothesized to form transient multienzyme complexes to regulate metabolic pathways in cells. Human de novo purine biosynthetic complex, the “purinosome,” stands as first examples of this cellular phenomenon. The purinosome formation indeed increased desired metabolic flux in cells. The purinosome assembly/disassembly was also dynamically regulated by multiple cellular factors; including microtubule networks, protein kinase CK2, and Gi-protein coupled receptors. However, we barely understand the structural organization of the purinosome. We will discuss our recent progress providing unprecedented insights into the mechanism of purinosome assembly/disassembly upon environmental changes. Taken together with our knowledge of purinosome regulatory systems, we propose that the purinosome dynamics could be part of metabolic alterations and adaptations of cancer cells. Given that purine biosynthesis has been a validated target for anticancer chemotherapy, this new level of understanding purine biosynthesis will open new opportunities of therapeutic intervention in human cancers. Citation Format: Songon An, Minjoung Kyoung. Transient metabolic complex, the purinosome, for metabolic adaptation in cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C02.
Analysis of Metabolic Progression to Type I Diabetes in ICA+ Relatives of Patients With Type I Diabetes
Authors: David Bleich, Richard A Jackson, J Stuart Soeldner, George S Eisenbarth
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

We intensively studied 5 islet cell-antibody-positive (ICA+) first-degree relatives of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients before overt diabetes. In total, 55 intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) and 83 fasting plasma glucose determinations were made over a maximum 4-yr period before diabetes. The 5 prediabetic relatives (not diabetic when initially studied but subsequently progressed to overt diabetes) as a group showed a progressive rise in fasting glucose (r = 0.58, P less than 0.001, slope = 23.1 mg.dl-1.yr-1) and glucose at 60 min in IVGTT (r = 0.46, P = 0.01, slope = 47.5 mg.dl-1.yr-1) beginning 1.5 yr before diabetes. During the 4.0- to 1.5-yr period before overt diabetes, no change was observed in fasting glucose or glucose at 60 min on IVGTT (fasting glucose: r = 0.21, P = 0.18, slope = 2.1 mg.dl-1.yr-1; 60-min glucose: r = 0.08, P = 0.72, slope = 2.9 mg.dl-1.yr-1). The positive predictive value for a fasting glucose greater than 108 mg/dl to be within 1.5 yr of diabetes was 100% (11 of 11 values). The negative predictive value of a stimulated insulin (1-min + 3-min insulin - 2 X basal insulin) level greater than 24 microU/ml to be greater than 1.5 yr from diabetes was 90% (9 of 10 values) and 100% (10 of 10 values) at greater than 1 yr from overt diabetes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ethnicity and Career Choices
Authors: VICTOR R. GRANN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1981Ethnicity and Career ChoicesVICTOR R. GRANN, M.D.VICTOR R. GRANN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-390_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Weil and Schleiter (1) on the national study of internal medicine manpower along with the editorial by Alfred Gellhorn are extremely disturbing for a reason, I am sure, that the authors did not consider. What has being Jewish or non-Jewish to do with career choices and medical education? Is there a Jewish characteristic or personality? I would have hoped that such reasoning ended in the 1940s and find its use and inclusion in any survey repugnant....Reference1. WEILSCHLEITERTARLOV PMA. National study of internal medicine manpower: V. Comparison of residents in internal medicine—future generalists and subspecialists. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:678-90. LinkGoogle Scholar1. WEILSCHLEITERTARLOV PMA. National study of internal medicine manpower: V. Comparison of residents in internal medicine—future generalists and subspecialists. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:678-90. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MONKTHOMAS MC. Personal and social factors related to medical specialty practice. Johns Hopkins Med J. 1973;133:19-29. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. PAIVAHALEY RH. Intellectual, personality, and environmental factors in career specialty preferences. J Med Educ. 1971;46:281-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. LIEBERSON S. Ethnic groups and the practice of medicine. Am Sociol Rev. 1958;23:542-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. RHODESNAM AC. The religious content of educational expectations. Am Sociol Rev. 1970;35:253-67. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. WEILSCHLEITER PM. National study of internal medicine manpower: VI. Factors predicting preferences of residents for careers in primary care or subspecialty care and clinical practice or academic medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:691-703. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stamford, CT 06905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1981Volume 95, Issue 3Page: 390-390KeywordsMedical educationRacial and ethnic issuesReasoning Issue Published: 1 September 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis by T cell-based assays on peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells
Authors: Oh-Hyun Cho, Ki-Ho Park, Su-Jin Park, Sun-Mi Kim, Seong Yeon Park, Song Mi Moon, Yong Pil Chong, Mi-Na Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Jun Hee Woo, Yang Soo Kim, Sung-Han Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
Problems on the Pathway From Risk Assessment to Risk Reduction
Authors: Philip Greenland, Scott Grundy, Richard C. Pasternak, Claude Lenfant
Journal: Circulation (1998)

ssessment of risk and reduction of risk are wellaccepted responsibilities of the physician.The pathway from assessment of risk to reduction of risk basically involves three steps: (1) measurement of risk factors and collection of clinical data relevant to patient risk; (2) interpretation of risk-related data with estimation of risk in absolute terms (eg, risk of an event per year) as well as relative terms (ie, low, intermediate, or high compared with others of the same age and sex); and (3) on the basis of risk estimation results, intervention to minimize disease risk or to prevent risk factor development in the future.Although the process seems reasonably straightforward, problems occur at each step that weaken the link between risk assessment and risk reduction.Such problems occur in assessment of CVD risk estimation and reduction just as in most other areas of medical practice in spite of the availability of excellent data relating to CVD risk estimation from the Framingham Heart Study and other similar data sets.
Aspirin Use Among Adults With Diabetes
Authors: Deborah B. Rolka, Anne Fagot-Campagna, K.M. Venkat Narayan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Since 1997, the American Diabetes Association has recommended that aspirin therapy be considered for adults with diabetes who have cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD risk factors. We examined the prevalence of regular aspirin use among adults in the U.S. with diagnosed diabetes.The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) used a probability sample of the U.S. population and included an interview, physical examination, and laboratory studies. Among the survey participants were 1,503 adults (age > or =21 years) with self-reported diabetes. We defined regular aspirin use as reported having taken aspirin > or = 15 times in the previous month. CVD conditions were self-reported heart attack and stroke and symptoms of angina and claudication. CVD risk factors included smoking, hypertension, obesity, albuminuria, lipid abnormalities, and family history of heart attack.An estimated 27% of adults with diabetes had CVD, and an additional 71% had one or more CVD risk factors. Aspirin was used regularly by 37% of those with CVD and by 13% of those with risk factors only Adjusted odds of regular aspirin use were significantly greater for individuals with CVD than for those with one CVD risk factor (odds ratio [OR] = 4.3); for non-Hispanic whites than for blacks, Mexican-Americans, and others (OR = 2.5); and for individuals age 40-59 years than for those <40 years (OR = 33.3).Nearly every adult in the U.S. with diabetes has at least one risk factor for CVD and thus may be considered a potential candidate for aspirin therapy. During 1988-1994, only 20% (95% CI 16-23) took aspirin regularly Major efforts are needed to increase aspirin use.
Details of coronary stenosis morphology influence its hemodynamic severity and distal flow reserve.
Authors: F A Fedele, B Sharaf, A S Most, H Gewirtz
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Differences in coronary flow reserve with anatomically similar coronary artery stenoses have been attributed to 1) nonstandard physiologic conditions, 2) inadequacies of measurements of coronary artery stenosis dimension and/or coronary blood flow, and 3) inadequate hyperemic stimulus. Our study tested the hypothesis that details of coronary artery stenosis geometry, which may or may not be apparent on coronary angiograms, also may contribute importantly to such differences. A simple and complex coronary artery stenosis, each of which reduced vessel cross-sectional area by 84%, was introduced in random order into the left anterior descending coronary artery of nine closed-chest, sedated swine. The simple stenosis had a single lumen while the complex stenosis had five small lumena whose combined area equaled that of the single lumen stenosis. Measurements of hemodynamics and regional myocardial blood flow (microspheres) were made at control and after 10 minutes of adenosine infused at 400 micrograms/min and then at 800 micrograms/min distal to each stenosis. Both heart rate and aortic mean pressure were controlled and thus did not change versus initial baseline (129 +/- 4 minutes and 120 +/- 10 mm Hg, mean +/- SD, respectively) during the study. Baseline total flow (ml/sec) distal to the stenosis was similar at each control (1.05 +/- 0.35 vs. 0.92 +/- 0.34, simple versus complex, respectively; p = NS). At maximal adenosine, total flow with the simple stenosis was 3.44 +/- 0.92 versus 2.77 +/- 0.51 for complex (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Low-Dose Hydroxychloroquine Is as Effective as Phlebotomy in Treatment of Patients With Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Authors: Ashwani K. Singal, Csilla Kormos–Hallberg, Chul Lee, Vaithamanithi M. Sadagoparamanujam, James J. Grady, Daniel H. Freeman, Karl E. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is an iron-related disorder caused by reduced activity of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase; it can be treated by phlebotomy or low doses of hydroxychloroquine. We performed a prospective pilot study to compare the efficacy and safety of these therapies.We analyzed data from 48 consecutive patients with well-documented PCT to characterize susceptibility factors; patients were treated with phlebotomy (450 mL, every 2 weeks until they had serum ferritin levels of 20 ng/mL) or low-dose hydroxychloroquine (100 mg orally, twice weekly, until at least 1 month after they had normal plasma levels of porphyrin). We compared the time required to achieve a normal plasma porphyrin concentration (remission, the primary outcome) for 17 patients treated with phlebotomy and 13 treated with hydroxychloroquine.The time to remission was a median 6.9 months for patients who received phlebotomy and 6.1 months for patients treated with hydroxychloroquine treatment (6.7 and 6.5 mo for randomized patients), a difference that was not significant (log-rank, P = .06 and P = .95, respectively). The sample size was insufficient to confirm noninferiority of hydroxychloroquine treatment (hazard ratio, 2.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.95-5.06) for all patients. Patients who received hydroxychloroquine had substantially better compliance. There were no significant side effects of either treatment.Hydroxychloroquine, 100 mg twice weekly, is as effective and safe as phlebotomy in patients with PCT, although noninferiority was not established. Given these results, higher-dose regimens of hydroxychloroquine, which have more side effects, do not seem justified. Compliance was better and projected costs were lower for hydroxychloroquine than phlebotomy treatment. Long-term studies are needed to compare durability of response. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01573754.
Why Disclosure of Genetic Ancestry in Misattributed Paternity Cases Should Be Treated Differently From Disclosure in Adoption and Gamete Donation
Authors: Reuven Brandt
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

An Ravelingien and Guido Pennings (2013) argue that current policies governing children's access to their genetic history are problematically discriminatory. According to them, the growing recognit...
Controlled investigation of deaths from asthma in hospitals in the North East Thames region.
Authors: J Eason, H L Markowe
Journal: BMJ (1987)

One hundred and thirty deaths definitely or potentially due to asthma occurring in hospitals in the North East Thames region over one year were identified from death certificates and Hospital Activity Analysis records. Thirty five of these deaths were considered after independent assessment to have been directly due to asthma. Control patients who left hospital alive after acute asthma attacks were selected and matched with cases for sex, age, and hospital. Management was compared in the two groups. Inadequate monitoring, including failure to monitor arterial blood gas values, and inadequate use of nebulised beta agonists occurred significantly more often in fatal cases. Use of sedation, inadequate treatment with steroids, exposure to potentially toxic doses of aminophylline, and inadequate clinical assessment were more common in cases than controls, but not significantly so. Failure to institute artificial ventilation contributed to seven deaths. Assessors considered important defects in management to have occurred in 83% (29/35) of the cases and 40% (14/35) of the controls. Nevertheless, most of the hospital deaths (19/35) were considered not to have been preventable. Eight other deaths in the region were attributed to the complications of asthma or its treatment. Three of these were associated with gastrointestinal bleeding and one with perforation of a duodenal ulcer. Before considering policies aimed at speeding admission to hospital of patients with acute attacks of asthma it is crucial that the general standard of hospital care offered to all patients with asthma should be improved.
Thrombus formation in vivo
Authors: B. Furie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

To examine thrombus formation in a living mouse, new technologies involving intravital videomicroscopy have been applied to the analysis of vascular windows to directly visualize arterioles and venules. After vessel wall injury in the microcirculation, thrombus development can be imaged in real time. These systems have been used to explore the role of platelets, blood coagulation proteins, endothelium, and the vessel wall during thrombus formation. The study of biochemistry and cell biology in a living animal offers new understanding of physiology and pathology in complex biologic systems.
The BMA should apply itself to solving the NHS's productivity problem
Authors: P. E. Shannon
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Some doctors seem to be confused by productivity. It is the ratio of outputs to inputs. Output per hour is, more properly, a partial productivity measure. When I was a registrar in anaesthesia, I did more than 1000 anaesthetic procedures a year; nowadays a registrar is lucky to do 400. This means less output per doctor, but the …
Junior doctors want legislation to cut hours of work
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Junior doctors in Britain want it made illegal for doctors “involved in direct patient care” to work more than an average of 56 hours a week. They voted overwhelmingly for legislation at their annual conference last week because they believe that the proposals under the new deal on hours of work are not being implemented quickly enough. “We have always had the idea of legislation as a back up,” said Dr Keith Reid, a research fellow in Sheffield.

Under the new deal, posts over 83 hours were meant to be eliminated by April …
Immunoglobulin G independent activation of the classical complement pathway by monosodium urate crystals.
Authors: P C Giclas, M H Ginsberg, N R Cooper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

10 mg of monosodium urate crystals reduced the CH50 of 1 ml of human serum by 57% after 30 min at 37 degrees C. C1, C4, and C3 depletion of 52, 68, and 46% were typical of classical pathway activation. C1 binding and activation occurred when urate crystals were incubated with isolated precursor C1, and required the intact macromolecule, C1qrs. Activation of isolated C1 by urate crystals was not diminished by F(ab')2 anti-Fc under conditions in which C1 activation by aggregated immunoglobulin (G) was blocked by the F(ab')2 antibody.
The Right of Privacy Protects the Doctor-Patient Relationship
Authors: David S. Starr
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article "The Right of Privacy Protects the Doctor-Patient Relationship"1 could be seen as an understandable attempt to enlist the support of physicians in the abortion movement by interpreting the traditional doctor-patient privilege in terms of the relatively new "right to privacy." The notable omission from the article was any discussion of one of the involuntary parties to the abortion procedure: the unborn baby. At best, abortion is a morally unsatisfying and barbaric method of family planning, and its trivialization is to be deplored. Abortion is a morally significant event to most doctors, not the mere "disposition of tissue" like some benign polyp taken from the colon. Abortion for such reasons as the social convenience of the mother or to select a more desirable baby (eg, of a different sex) instinctively repels us. There is some merit in the argument that a society that considers itself morally
Psychiatry and Medical Practice in a General Hospital
Authors: Grete L. Bibring
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

VARIOUS interesting facets of the complex problem pertaining to the integration of psychiatry and medicine have been presented of late by a great number of psychiatrists and internists.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 The purpose of this paper is not to discuss "psychosomatic medicine" or psychiatry as a medical specialty concerned mainly with neuroses and psychoses, but rather to delineate certain important aspects of the role of psychologic thought in medical practice. When referring to psychologic thought, I have in mind psychoanalytically oriented psychology, or what is frequently called dynamic or depth psychology. This psychologic system maintains that there is more to a person's emotional . . .
Quinolone-Associated Rupture of the Achilles' Tendon
Authors: Harsha Vyas, Guha Krishnaswamy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

An 81-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, and hypertension presented with swelling and pain in the area of the left heel, which had developed suddenly a week after a short course of levofloxacin for acute bronchitis. She reported neither trauma to the area nor any excessive physical activity before the pain began. Examination revealed an ecchymotic area around the left posterior heel and a moderately swollen calf. A defect was palpable in the lateral side of the Achilles' tendon; the medial side was still intact. Movement of the ankle was limited by severe pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of . . .
FATALITIES IN EXFOLIATIVE DERMATITIS
Authors: ALLAN K. POOLE
Journal: JAMA (1934)

This paper is an attempt to explain the actual mechanism of death in cases of exfoliative dermatitis. The few references in the literature explain the death as due either to septicemia or to bronchopneumonia. Although clinically the changes are compatible with a diagnosis of bronchopneumonia, it was felt that this might not be the case. This idea was strengthened in 1931, when one of us<sup>1</sup>reported a fatality resulting from phenobarbital. The autopsy in this case showed that the exfoliative process involved the trachea, the bronchi, the alveoli and, to a less extent, the urinary tract. Although clinically the patient presented a fairly typical picture of bronchopneumonia, the autopsy failed completely to show pneumonia. It seems obvious from the autopsy that death was actually due, in part at least, to suffocation or to anoxemia. In view of this, a survey of the literature and a review of our own