tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE LINK BETWEEN DYSLIPIDEMIA AND TENDON PATHOLOGY
Authors: N Grewal, D Granville, D Reid, A Scott
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Introduction Dyslipidemia, abnormal amounts of lipid in the blood, has been associated with chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Tendinopathy is a major cause of morbidity in athletic populations and in the work force,1 traditionally thought to occur as a consequence of an imbalance between damage (resulting from mechanical loading) and repair.2 However, one third of the cases for midportion Achilles tendinopathy occur in sedentary individuals, and recent data suggests an association between dyslipidemia and the occurrence of tendon rupture or tendinopathy.3 The goal of this study is to examine the missing biological link between elevated lipids and the development of tendinopathy, and establish a suitable model to examine the potential reversibility of tendinopathy associated with dyslipidemia. The study will use the ApoE-knockout mouse model, in which deficiency of ApoE leads to development of hypercholesterolemia. We hypothesise that ApoE-KO mice fed on a high fat diet, in comparison to those fed a normal diet and the wild type (non-atherosclerotic) mice, will demonstrate reduced collagen density and organisation, increased intracellular and extracellular lipid deposition, increased tendon cross-sectional area, and reduced tendon biomechanical function. Methods The ApoE-KO mice are fed a high fat or regular diet at 7 weeks of age, and sacrificed at 0, 15, and 30 weeks. For collagen density and organisation, tendon tissue will be viewed using second harmonic generation microscopy to determine collagen density and organisation. Tendons will be systematically scanned, and collagen density will be determined and compared among different study groups. Lipid deposition in Achilles tendon will be observed with oil red O and filipin staining. Tissue sections will be viewed and photographed with brightfield, polarisation, and fluorescence microscopy. Filipin dye will be excited with epiillumination and viewed through a 510-nm barrier filter. Ultrasound imaging will be used to analyse patellar tendon cross-sectional area (ie, tendon thickening, an indicator of tendon pathology). The effect of dyslipidemia on tendon biomechanics will be determined by testing the tendon to failure at 0.003 mm/s in a Bose ElectroForce BioDynamic test instrument. Local strain will be measured and tendon stiffness calculated. Anticipated results and significance Tendinopathy tendon in an H&amp;E stained tissue section is expected to show disorganised collagen architecture with high cellularity of rounded tenocytes (as compared to parallel, longitudinal architecture with scattered elongated tenocytes of normal tendons).4 Tissue sections of Achilles tendon is expected to have wavy, discrete, band-like deposits of green filipin staining. Oil red O staining is to be observed intracellularly and extracellularly.5 If significant, these results will provide the first insights into the biology underlying dyslipidemia-induced tendinopathy, and could have direct impact on clinical care and preventive strategies.
Comparison of outcome after valve replacement with a bioprosthesis versus a mechanical prosthesis: Initial 5 year results of a randomized trial
Authors: Karl E. Hammermeister, William G. Henderson, Cecil M. Burchfiel, Gulshan K. Sethi, Julianne Souchek, Charles Oprian, Alan B. Cantor, Edward Folland, Shukri Khuri, Shahbudin Rahimtoola
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
325 HEV INFECTION FOLLOWS DC-SPECIFIC INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 3-GRABBING NON INTEGRIN (DCSIGN) RATHER THAN TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR (TLR) DEPENDANT PATHWAY FOR VIRAL RECOGNITION
Authors: S. Sukriti, N. Trehanpati, K. Dongre, S. Patra, S. Sarin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
PTH-independent regulation of blood calcium concentration by the calcium-sensing receptor
Authors: Alexandre Loupy, Suresh Krishna Ramakrishnan, Bharath Wootla, Régine Chambrey, Renaud de la Faille, Soline Bourgeois, Patrick Bruneval, Chantal Mandet, Erik Ilso Christensen, Hélène Faure, Lydie Cheval, Kamel Laghmani, Corinne Collet, Dominique Eladari, Robert H. Dodd, Martial Ruat, Pascal Houillier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Tight regulation of calcium levels is required for many critical biological functions. The Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) expressed by parathyroid cells controls blood calcium concentration by regulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. However, CaSR is also expressed in other organs, such as the kidney, but the importance of extraparathyroid CaSR in calcium metabolism remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of extraparathyroid CaSR using thyroparathyroidectomized, PTH-supplemented rats. Chronic inhibition of CaSR selectively increased renal tubular calcium absorption and blood calcium concentration independent of PTH secretion change and without altering intestinal calcium absorption. CaSR inhibition increased blood calcium concentration in animals pretreated with a bisphosphonate, indicating that the increase did not result from release of bone calcium. Kidney CaSR was expressed primarily in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (TAL). As measured by in vitro microperfusion of cortical TAL, CaSR inhibitors increased calcium reabsorption and paracellular pathway permeability but did not change NaCl reabsorption. We conclude that CaSR is a direct determinant of blood calcium concentration, independent of PTH, and modulates renal tubular calcium transport in the TAL via the permeability of the paracellular pathway. These findings suggest that CaSR inhibitors may provide a new specific treatment for disorders related to impaired PTH secretion, such as primary hypoparathyroidism.
Intramural reentry as a mechanism of ventricular tachycardia during evolving canine myocardial infarction.
Authors: J B Kramer, J E Saffitz, F X Witkowski, P B Corr
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

We evaluated the contribution of intramural electrical events in initiation and maintenance of ventricular tachycardia in 15 dogs 3-8 days after either permanent (n = 2) or transient (n = 13) coronary artery occlusion. Seven of the dogs (47%) demonstrated eight distinct monomorphic ventricular tachycardia patterns which were mapped by means of a recently designed computerized system capable of simultaneously detecting, storing, and assessing information from 232 individual cardiac sites. Using both epicardial and intramural electrodes, we found definitive evidence for intramural reentry in seven of the eight monomorphic tachycardias analyzed. Furthermore, five of these animals (71%) demonstrated microreentry, in which small epicardial conduction loops exited intermittently into nonrefractory subendocardium to initiate succeeding beats, while, in the remaining two dogs, ventricular tachycardia was due to macroreentry, during which the broad subendocardial wavefronts depolarizing the ventricle constituted the proximal (fast) reentry limbs. Detailed anatomical analysis of the resultant infarcts demonstrated the thin surviving epicardial tissue rim to be the site of conduction delay necessary for reentry, whereas "preferred pathways" of exit into the subendocardial plane occurred at the infarct borders and were of variable configuration. Successful interruption of these rhythms should accompany interference with the process of exit into nonrefractory subendocardial tissue.
IL-6, a key cytokine in liver regeneration
Authors: P A Clavien
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

to the higher activity b2-ADH in most Japanese.However, is not clearly understood.FPM seems unlikely to explain very much of the susceptibility of women to alcoholic liver disease. 6the genotypes of Japanese for this ADH variant were not determined, and the faster ethanol metabolism in Japanese has not been consistently observed by other investigators.DAVID W. CRABB, M.D. Lastly, the magnitude of the increase in FPM seen with the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology higher ethanol concentration was approximately 60 mg/kg Indiana University Medical Center body weight for the Caucasians, but 120 mg/kg for the Japa-Indianapolis, IN nese.Because there was no difference in the activity of x-ADH between groups, why was there the two-fold difference
The Diagnosis of Bilateral Stenosis of the Primary Pulmonary Artery Branches Based on Characteristic Pulmonary Trunk Pressure Curves
Authors: M. H. AGUSTSSON, R. A. ARCILLA, B. M. GASUL, J. P. BICOFF, S. I. NASSIF, B. L. LENDRUM
Journal: Circulation (1962)

The cardiac catheterization and angiocardiographic findings in 12 cases with bilateral stenosis of the primary pulmonary artery branches are described. Characteristic pressure tracings were consistently obtained from the main pulmonary trunk in all cases. These typical curves were reproduced in animal experiments. Associated lesions with left-to-right shunts and mild pulmonary valvular stenosis did not alter the characteristics of the curves. An attempt is made to explain these hemodynamic phenomena. These tracings obtained from the main pulmonary trunk appear to us to be diagnostic of bilateral stenosis of the main pulmonary arteries even if, as frequently happens, one is unable to enter both pulmonary artery branches during cardiac catheterization or to demonstrate definitely the stenosis of both pulmonary arteries by angiocardiography.
Chimerism and Tolerance in a Recipient of a Deceased-Donor Liver Transplant
Authors: Stephen I. Alexander, Neil Smith, Min Hu, Deborah Verran, Albert Shun, Stuart Dorney, Arabella Smith, Boyd Webster, Peter John Shaw, Ahti Lammi, Michael O. Stormon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Complete hematopoietic chimerism and tolerance of a liver allograft from a deceased male donor developed in a 9-year-old girl, with no evidence of graft-versus-host disease 17 months after transplantation. The tolerance was preceded by a period of severe hemolysis, reflecting partial chimerism that was refractory to standard therapies. The hemolysis resolved after the gradual withdrawal of all immunosuppressive therapy.
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia with t(7;11)(p15;p15) and <i>NUP98‐HOXA11</i> fusion
Authors: Yoko Mizoguchi, Naoto Fujita, Tomohiko Taki, Yasuhide Hayashi, Kazuko Hamamoto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

The t(7;11)(p15;p15) translocation has been reported as a rare and recurrent chromosomal abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The NUP98-HOXA9 fusion gene with t(7;11)(p15;p15) was identified and revealed to be essential for leukemogenesis and myeloproliferative disease. To date, t(7;11)(p15;p15) with NUP98-HOXA11 fusion has been reported only in one case of ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Here, we report a case of a 3-year-old girl with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) carrying t(7;11)(p15;p15) abnormality with NUP98-HOXA11 fusion. AML chemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was found to be effective in treating this disorder, and she remains in complete remission for 3 years after BMT. We suggest the possibility that AML chemotherapy might be effective for treating JMML with t(7;11)(p15;p15) abnormality and NUP98-HOXA11 fusion.
Intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with provisional spot stenting for treatment of long coronary lesions
Authors: Antonio Colombo, Joseph De Gregorio, Issam Moussa, Yoshio Kobayashi, Evangelia Karvouni, Carlo Di Mario, Remo Albiero, Leo Finci, Jeffrey Moses
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Authors: C. B. Hammond, J. C. Weed, D. E. Barnard, L. Tyrey
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1981)

As a result of modern diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, nearly 100 percent of patients with GTN can be cured of a disease thay only a few years ago had a high death rate. To achieve this, skillful mixing of chemotherapy, surgery, and irradiation, as well as supportive therapy, are necessary. Understanding and utilizing the HCG assay to monitor disease status is vital. With this approach, essentially all of these patients should survive, many to have successful future pregnancies.
Abstract 2355: Full-length wild-type CD99 increases the migration and invasiveness of human malignant glioma cells
Authors: Ho Jun Seol, Do-Hyun Nam, Yu Jin Lee, Christian A. Smith, James T. Rutka
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The malignant glioma is the most common primary human brain tumor, and its migration and invasiveness away from the primary tumor mass is considered a leading cause of tumor recurrence and treatment failure. Recently, gene expression profiling revealed CD99, which is a transmembrane glycoprotein, is more expressed in malignant glioma than in normal brain. It has been implicated in cell adhesion and migration in various cells, even if the function of this gene is not understood clearly. This gene has two isoforms of wild-type and splicing variant. We revealed that only wild-type CD99 is expressed in human glioma cells and tissues. Through MTS, colony-forming, and anoikis assays, we found that wild-type CD99 in glioma cells has enough resistance for anoikis and ability to survive and grow in anchorage independence, as is opposed to previous reports in other tumors. Using tissue microarray, we validated that CD99 demonstrates higher expression in gliomas compared to non-neoplastic brain. We inhibited CD99 expression by siRNA and demonstrated decreased glioma cell migration and invasion. In contrast, when CD99 was over-expressed in glioma cells, we observed enhancement of cell migration and invasiveness. Orthotopic brain tumor model with nude mice harboring CD99 overexpressing glioma cells results in significant decreased survival rate, compared to control mice. Moreover, higher invasiveness is observed in overexpressing mice by pathological review. Taken together, our findings suggest that CD99 play an important role in the migration and invasion of human gliomas. CD99 could be a target to inhibit migration and invasion especially in CD99-expressing gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2355. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2355
Raynaud's Disease and Scleroderma
Authors: Orville Horwitz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  I should like to take Orville Horwitz, MD, of Philadelphia, to task on one point that he made concerning  disease in answering a question forThe Journal(184:85, 1963). I had occasion to read his response lately and was horrified to note the following: Raynaud's disease itself is a nuisance rather than a serious condition and endangers neither life nor limb. It is, however, frequently a prelude to scleroderma (50% to 90% of the time, depending on whose series).  I feel certain that today's response would be: Raynaud's disease is on rare occasions a prelude to scleroderma, but in the great majority of cases it is a mere transient phenomenon.  Almost any general practitioner would have told this to Horwitz. The trouble was that most of the literature on  disease at that time was written by academic surgeons who saw almost exclusively the most severe
Salicylic acid: an old dog, new tricks, and staphylococcal disease
Authors: Mathias Herrmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Aspirin has been shown to cause a reduction in the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus–associated endocarditis. A new study reveals that salicylic acid, the major metabolite of aspirin, acts at the level of transcription to downregulate the production of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and α-hemolysin — virulence factors necessary for bacterial replication in host tissues and, now, potential therapeutic targets.
Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histologic Findings Distinguish Eosinophilic Esophagitis From Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Evan S. Dellon, Wood B. Gibbs, Karen J. Fritchie, Tara C. Rubinas, Lindsay A. Wilson, John T. Woosley, Nicholas J. Shaheen
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
Pregnant Surgical Residents: Oh K?!-Reply
Authors: Emina Huang
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  —The thoughtful letter from Dr Bohlmann regarding the implications of absence from duty of one resident for all of the others in the residency program highlights the most difficult of the issues regarding pregnancy during graduate medical education. In surgical programs, in contrast to primary care residencies, this issue may be, in fact, easier to address. If the resident notifies her program director at an early date, and if the resident assumes the responsibility for family planning to avoid becoming pregnant during the most demanding years of her program, it is clearly possible to schedule not only light rotations but vacation time as well. We have always done this without warning or planning when a resident falls ill or has an accident; major fractures from skiing accidents, for instance, are not uncommon in residents. It is far better, in our opinion, to avoid assigning extra work to the
Triple Cystogram and Selective Arteriography
Authors: Erich K. Lang
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The effectiveness of treatment of carcinoma of the bladder is based upon appropriate selection of a treatment modality which is specifically geared to the stage of infiltration and histologic differentiation of a given bladder tumor.<sup>1,4</sup>Clinical examinations, consisting of (1) bimanual examination with the patient under anesthesia, (2) cystoscopy, and (3) deep-muscle biopsy, have provided fairly accurate data for the staging and grading of bladder tumors.<sup>4,5</sup> Conventional roentgenographic examinations, such as cystograms, intravenous urograms, superimposition cystograms, and double contrast cystograms, are aimed at the demonstration of a mass lesion, but are ill-suited for differentiation of inflammatory from neoplastic disease.<sup>6,7</sup> Arteriography is a new technique which allows selective visualization of the tumor itself by demonstrating the characteristic abnormal vessels of the tumor.<sup>8-14</sup>Identification of abnormal vessels supplying the tumor allows accurate assessment of the size of the tumor; depth of penetration into the muscular wall of the
Alternative postmeniscectomy regimen.
Authors: T Sergeant, A Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Eighty patients who had undergone routine meniscectomy were divided into two groups for postoperative management. The first 40 patients were treated by the traditional method of a compression bandage with a backsplint, followed by a 10-day stay in hospital. In the other 40 patients a compression bandage was applied, reinforced by a plaster cylinder. Weight-bearing was allowed with the aid of crutches, and patients were discharged after four days in hospital. Adequate splintage and early ambulation was more convenient and comfortable for postoperative management, and no complications ensued. Less time was needed for physiotherapy, and earlier return to work and resumption of normal activities were made easier.
Over 30% of patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma express the same immunoglobulin heavy variable gene: ontogenetic implications
Authors: V Bikos, N Darzentas, A Hadzidimitriou, Z Davis, S Hockley, A Traverse-Glehen, P Algara, A Santoro, D Gonzalez, M Mollejo, A Dagklis, F Gangemi, D S Bosler, G Bourikas, A Anagnostopoulos, A Tsaftaris, E Iannitto, M Ponzoni, P Felman, F Berger, C Belessi, P Ghia, T Papadaki, A Dogan, M Degano, E Matutes, M A Piris, D Oscier, K Stamatopoulos
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Pathological Intoxication: Clinical and Electroencephalographic Studies
Authors: GEORGE BACH-Y-RITA, JOHN R. LION, FRANK R. ERVIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Ten patients with a diagnosis of pathological intoxication and two with temporal lobe seizures and implanted depth electrodes were studied. An attempt was made to replicate symptomatic behavior and record the EEGs simultaneously. All patients showed clinical intoxication after intravenous administration of alcohol. No abnormalities were observed in patients with pathological intoxication, while patients with implanted electrodes displayed increased abnormal EEG activity. The authors discuss this discrepancy.
Effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in asthmatic preschool children
Authors: J. C. De Jongste, H. M. Janssens, J. Van der Wouden
Journal: Allergy (2002)

The term “effectiveness” relates to the question of whether or not a certain treatment works in practice. Usually, such a treatment was first evaluated under tightly controlled conditions in selected patient populations, and the potential benefits were shown. There is, however, a great difference between the efficacy of a given treatment, indicating its optimal therapeutic action in controlled trials, and its effectiveness when applied to a less well‐defined population of patients in daily practice. This is especially relevant for asthma in young children, where many factors are responsible for the difference. Among these are, first of all, the heterogeneity of the wheezing phenotype. Other factors include the compliance with prescribed treatments, as determined by the attitude of doctors and parents towards such treatment, the ease of administration and the perceived effects and side effects. Also, the performance of different inhaler devices may be insufficient for a good, reliable dose deposition in young children in daily life. As a result, the current treatment guidelines for preschool children with recurrent wheeze are probably too optimistic in assuming that inhaled treatment is most effective and feasible at all ages. We propose careful re‐evaluation of such recommendations in a first‐line setting resembling daily life as closely as possible, and consideration of oral treatments as well. Also, we need methods to separate the different phenotypes within the group of recurrently wheezing preschool children to optimize targeting of asthma treatment to those who have ongoing airway inflammation.
Haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation and long-term immune suppression in a patient with HIV infection receiving intensified early antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Gonzalo Salgado-Montes de Oca, Akio Murakami-Ogasawara, Perla Del Río-Estrada, Santiago Ávila-Ríos, Ramón Hernández-Juan, Thalia García-Téllez, Amaranta Rivero-Arrieta, Yuria Ablanedo, Claudia Alvarado-de la Barrera, Gustavo Reyes-Terán
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Nomograms for Calculation of Oxygen Consumption and Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Authors: J. F. Nunn
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Nomograms have been prepared whereby the respiratory exchange ratio may be derived from the concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in expired gas and oxygen consumption from the volume and oxygen concentration of expired gas; they apply only to patients breathing room air. The nomogram for the respiratory exchange ratio has an error of less than 0.01, which is the limit of visual discrimination on the nomogram. The nomogram for oxygen consumption has an error of standard deviation 7.73 ml/min. This error may be substantially reduced by excluding cases with a respiratory exchange ratio outside the range 0.70-0.93. Under these conditions the maximum error was 10 ml/min, which is acceptable for a wide range of clinical purposes.