tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Community Cluster of Oseltamivir-Resistant Cases of 2009 H1N1 Influenza
Authors: Le Quynh Mai, Heiman F.L. Wertheim, Tran Nhu Duong, H. Rogier van Doorn, Nguyen Tran Hien, Peter Horby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: In his Perspective article, Crosson (Oct. 1 issue) 1 discusses a concept for health care delivery called integrated delivery systems, which is similar to the vertical-integration system proposed by Hillary Clinton.Each system was designed to compete on the basis of location, quality, and pricing.I was one of the many doctors and administrators who helped to build our physician-hospital organization that eventually grew to include three hospitals and more than 300 doctors.We met with considerable success and were embraced by local employers.Nonetheless, after 10 years of operation, we were shut down.Why did that happen?We followed the mandates that were set by Clinton's new plan.Unfortunately, another arm of our federal government, the Federal Trade Commission, prosecuted our organization, seeing it as illegal for competitors to come together, establish an organization, and then set prices, even if the new price was lower than the historical price.In other words, I wish to offer a cautionary note: Health care institutions and doctors who place themselves ahead of the curve put themselves at considerable risk that a government agency may attack them.
Serum immune complex containing thrombospondin-1: a novel biomarker for early rheumatoid arthritis: Table 1
Authors: Kaname Ohyama, Atsushi Kawakami, Mami Tamai, Miyako Baba, Naoya Kishikawa, Naotaka Kuroda
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is based on classification criteria set by the 2010 RA classification criteria including serological assessment of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrulline-containing protein/peptide (anti-CCP) antibody.1 ,2 Anti-CCP antibody is specific (94–99%) for RA; however, 25% of patients with established RA and 40% of patients with early RA are negative for this marker.3 ,4 Novel biomarkers, especially for early RA and/or for RA lacking RF and anti-CCP antibody markers (ie, seronegative RA) are therefore urgently required. Circulating immune complexes (CICs) present in the human body are likely to contain many different antigens that may reflect underlying disease, so antigens incorporated into CICs are promising candidates for diagnostic biomarkers. We developed a novel proteomic strategy (immune complexome analysis) to identify and profile antigens in …
Generation and localisation of monoclonal antibodies against fibroblast growth factors in ischaemic collateralised porcine myocardium
Authors: S. Bernotat-Danielowski, H. S Sharma, R. J Schott, W Schaper
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The collateral circulation plays a critical role in the prognosis of ischaemic heart disease, with a clear correlation between neovascularisation, infarction, and tissue recovery. The aim of the study was to address the question of whether endogenous acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (FGF) participate in ischaemia induced collateral enlargement and development in the myocardium, and also which cells may represent the source of these growth factors.Eight pigs received an ameroid constrictor around the left circumflex coronary artery which, by slow coronary occlusion, induces ischaemia and collateral growth in the left ventricle. The degree of stenosis and development of collaterals were determined angiographically. About 14 d after constrictor implantation pigs were killed and hearts were excised and prepared for western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against acidic and basic FGF, characterised for their specificity, and used for the localisation of growth factors in sections of ischaemic and normal pig heart.The eight pigs included in this study showed a gradual 70-100% left circumflex coronary stenosis about 14 d after implantation of the constrictor. Out of four pigs with a complete occlusion, three developed visible collaterals. Antibody staining to acidic FGF was detected only in hearts from pigs with complete occlusion of the coronary artery. The growth factor was localised in cardiomyocytes close to small necrotic tissue patches. In control tissue no acidic FGF staining was evident. Basic FGF could not be detected in ischaemic or in normal perfused pig hearts.These data show that (1) complete occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery in pig hearts induces collateral growth; (2) cardiomyocytes are able to produce acidic FGF in response to ischaemia, thus providing a mitogen for endothelial cells; (3) endogenous basic FGF, which was not detected in normal or ischaemic pig hearts, appears not to play an important role in ischaemia induced collateral growth at the chosen time point of investigation.
Critically ill men in drug trial continue to improve
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2006)

One of the two men left critically ill by a phase I trial of a new monoclonal antibody almost two weeks ago is improving, says the latest statement released by the hospital caring for him.

The statement, from the critical care department at Northwick Park Hospital, London, said, “The two volunteers have each made improvements since last week. One is in a serious condition. The other is still critical …
Abstract B33: A novel isoform of the major 8p22 tumor suppressor <i>Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1)</i> gene with growth suppression function is frequently silenced epigenetically in multiple tumors
Authors: John S.W. Low, Qian Tao, Hwee Koon Goh, Ka Man Ng, Wan Lu Woo, Richard F. Ambinder, Gopesh Srivastava, Meir Shamay, Anthony T.C. Chan, Nicholas C. Popescu, Wen-son Hsieh
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Aberrant DNA methylation of Tumor Suppressor Gene (TSG) promoter regions, in addition to being a hallmark of cellular transformation, could provide potential tumor markers for early detection and monitoring of treatment effect. In a previous study to identify candidate TSGs relevant in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), our group identified the Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1) gene to be epigenetically silenced not just in NPC, but in esophageal, breast and cervical carcinomas also. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel isoform of the human DLC1 gene with growth suppression function transcribing from a functional alternative promoter and silenced epigenetically in multiple tumors. Designated as DLC1 isoform 4 (DLC1-i4), this novel isoform encodes a protein of 1125 amino acids with a distinct N-terminus as compared to the other known isoforms. DLC1-i4 was expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues and immortalized normal epithelial cells, but significantly down-regulated in multiple tumor cell lines. Promoter DNA methylation was further found in 6/16 (38%) esophageal, 3/4 (75%) cervical, 2/2 (100%) colorectal, 4/4 (100%) NPC cell lines, and in 37/39 (95%) and 12/31 (39%) of primary NPC and esophageal tumors respectively. In contrast, no DNA methylation was found in normal cell lines and tissues. Pharmacological treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine or genetic double knock-out of DNMT1 and DNMT3B could demethylate the DLC1-i4 promoter and activate transcription, indicating a direct epigenetic mechanism. Ectopic expression of DLC1-i4 had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth and colony formation ability of silenced tumor cell lines. As a whole, our results suggest that transcription of multiple DLC1 isoforms driven off alternative promoters could modulate the activity of the candidate tumor suppressor DLC1 protein in the pathogenesis of these tumors, and should be further tested as a tumor specific molecular biomarker. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B33
Echocardiographic demonstration of early mitral valve closure in severe aortic insufficiency. Its clinical implications.
Authors: E H Botvinick, N B Schiller, R Wickramasekaran, S C Klausner, E Gertz
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Severe aortic insufficiency may accelerate mitral valve closure. We noted this echocardiographic finding in several patients with the acute onset of severe aortic insufficiency. Accordingly, we examined our total echocardiographic series retrospectively for early closure of the mitral valve (ECMV) in the setting of aortic insufficiency and found it in 11 of 53 patients with confirmed aortic insufficiency. During our study ECMV was fortuitously found in two other patients without aortic insufficiency, ECMV occurred in late diastole following the echocardiographic "A" wave, often associated with s suppressed "A" wave (type "B" ECMV). ECMV presence and subtype, along with other clinical parameters, appeared to be useful in the serial evaluation of the patient with severe aortic insufficiency. Additionally, the analysis of ECMV type helped to clarify the mechanism and significance of the Austin Flint murmur. Analysis of 17 patients with and without ECMV, with severe aortic insufficiency judged clinically (NYHA functional class III or IV) and angiographically (3+), indicated that only ECMV patients had acute aortic insufficiency and demonstrated diminished left ventricular size following successful aortic valve replacement. Although due primarily to aortic insufficiency, ECMV could be influenced by rhythm or conducted abnormalities, co-existent cardiac lesions, and pharmacologic interventions. Exclusive of these factors, ECMV was an excellent sign of acute, torrential aortic insufficiency, and a simple noninvasive indicator of the patient requiring immediate aortic valve replacement.
THE PATIENT WITH UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT HEMORRHAGE
Authors: T. M. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1952)

To the patient, relatives, and physician alike, the presence of gastric hemorrhage creates an alarming situation, fraught with a sense of emergency and the impelling feeling that something should be done immediately. It is on the attending physician that the burden of responsibility rests. It is of primary importance for him to assume his role in a confident manner, reassure those concerned, and allay the anxiety of the bleeding patient. This may properly be done by an honest, sincere explanation in terms the latter can understand and appreciate, without minimizing the seriousness of the condition. At the same time the physician must formulate for himself a plan of management that is appropriately proportional to the severity and rate of the bleeding, age of the patient, and history of antecedent gastrointestinal trouble.  Successful management is based on accurate and early diagnosis. The general practitioner to whom the average patient generally appeals
Atypical presentation of IL-12 receptor β1 deficiency with pneumococcal sepsis and disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a 19-month-old girl born to nonconsanguineous US residents
Authors: David A. Gruenberg, Stephanie Añover-Sombke, James E. Gern, Steven M. Holland, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Troy R. Torgerson, Christine M. Seroogy
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Association between diabetes mellitus and post‐discharge outcomes in patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from the EVEREST trial
Authors: Satyam Sarma, Robert J. Mentz, Mary J. Kwasny, Angela J. Fought, Mark Huffman, Haris Subacius, Savina Nodari, Marvin Konstam, Karl Swedberg, Aldo P. Maggioni, Faiez Zannad, Robert O. Bonow, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
NHS needs a sense of direction
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Representatives of NHS authorities and trusts have called for clear leadership and a sense of direction if the service is to continue to provide a world class service and not drift.

The NHS Confederation says that direction is needed “at the earliest possible opportunity” if the government is to move away from the competitive internal market. Authorities and trusts need to know whether there will be a contracting round under the market system next year. Although the government has promised a white …
Abstract LB-102: Role of HOX genes in regulation of stem cell populations in normal and malignant colon tissue
Authors: Seema Bhatlekar, Kirk Czymmek, Vignesh Viswanathan, Greg Gonye, Bruce Boman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract HOX genes are thought to play a role in regulating stem cells (SCs) during embryological development. Aberrant expression of HOX genes is seen in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanisms leading to aberrant HOX gene expression in CRC are not known. Because SCs are key to colon tumorigenesis, we hypothesized that (i) expression of specific HOX genes is different in malignant colonic SCs than in normal SCs and (ii) aberrant expression of these HOX genes is necessary for the tumor initiating ability of colon cancer SCs. Using real time PCR-based array analysis, we found that expression of many HOX genes are upregulated in colon carcinomas relative to normal colonic epithelium. We previously reported a ‘unique HOX gene signature’ for the SC enriched population; two-color microarray analysis showed that two HOX genes, HOXA4 and HOXD10 are expressed in the bottom part of the colonic crypt where SCs reside. Here, we confirmed this finding, and then, using immunohistochemistry, we validated it. HOXA4 and HOX D10 were expressed at the bottom part of the normal colonic crypt. Increased expression of these genes was also seen in colon carcinoma tissues. The results for colon carcinoma tissues were validated using real time PCR. As an independent method to validate the differential expression of HOX genes, we used flow cytometry and ALDEFLUOR to isolate, from a colon cancer cell line, SCs and non-SCs. HOXA4 and HOXD10 expression was then studied using real time PCR. HOXA4 was upregulated in SCs vs non-SCs. To determine whether these genes are differentially expressed in carcinomas relative to normal tissue, we co-stained tissues with antibodies against HOXA4 or HOXD10, and with SC markers, ALDH1 or CD166. We found that SCs express these HOX genes in the bottom part of the colonic crypt compared to non-SCs. In colon carcinoma tissues, not only was there co-staining, but also, the co-staining was increased relative to normal colonic epithelium. Our results implicate expression of HOXA4 and HOXD10 genes not only in the functioning of normal SCs, but also in the contribution of colon SCs to colon tumorigenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-102. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-102
Angiographic anatomy of the normal heart through axial angiography.
Authors: R Ceballos, B Soto, L M Bargeron
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We sectioned a series of hearts in a manner similar to that seen on angiographic axial views. A correlation with normal angiograms to identify the anatomic components of the four cardiac chambers showed that the components of the normal cardiac anatomy can be identified accurately through axial angiography in a manner not show previously.
Personal and Family Factors Associated With Quality of Life in Adolescents With Diabetes
Authors: Margaret Grey, Elizabeth A Boland, Chang Yu, Susan Sullivan-Bolyai, William V Tamborlane
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE Quality of life is an important criterion for assessing outcomes of treatment in chronic illness related to psychosocial well-being. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors that influence quality of life in adolescents with IDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Self-reports were obtained from 52 adolescents (age 13-20 years, mean 16.1 ± 1.9 [mean ± SD], diabetes duration 8.2 ± 3.4 years, 49% female) using the following scales: Diabetes Quality of Life for Youths, Children's Depression Inventory, Issues in Coping with Diabetes, Diabetes Family Behavior Scale, Family Adaptability and Cohesion, Self-Efficacy for Diabetes, and the Adolescent Coping Orientation. Metabolic control was measured by HbA1c. RESULTS Teenagers whose diabetes had the greater impact (R2 = 0.48) and were less satisfied (R2 = 0.45) felt that management was more difficult (r = 0.56) and that diabetes was more upsetting (r = 0.63). They also used fewer rebellion strategies for coping (r = −0.44), had lower diabetes self-efficacy (r = −0.36), and had more depressive symptoms (r = 0.61). Higher impact was also associated with higher family warmth and caring (r = −0.54) and lower family adaptability (r = −0.42). Teenagers who were more worried (R2 = 0.37) about their diabetes felt that management was more difficult (r = 0.40) and that diabetes was more upsetting (r = 0.58), and they used less rebellion (r = −0.49) and more ventilation (r = 0.42) to cope, had lower diabetes (r = −0.40) and medical (r = −0.30) self-efficacy, were more depressed (r = 0.55), and their families were less warm and caring (r = −0.33). HbA1c levels were not associated with quality of life or any other psychosocial factors except in teenagers who perceived their families as providing more guidance and control. These teenagers had lower HbA1c values than those whose families were less involved. CONCLUSIONS Even teenagers who are successfully achieving HbA1c goals of therapy may perceive diabetes as having a negative impact on their lives, be depressed, and find diabetes difficult to manage. Diabetes treatment teams need to pay equal attention to the psychosocial needs to the quiet, nonrebellious teen with well-controlled diabetes from a supportive family as they do to the rebellious adolescent with poorly controlled diabetes.
Post-war Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Authors: G. D. Kersley
Journal: BMJ (1944)

MedicinteRehabilitation, the complete range of treatment continued till the fullest working capacity is restored, has exercised many minds for many months.Numerous aspects have been dealt with by various authorities: the Army at the convalescent depots and selection centres, the R.A.F. at rehabilitation centres, the Ministry of Health at their rehabilitation departments at the main hospitals, the Ministry of Labour at their centre at Egham-where " pre-vocational guidance " is
Totally Endoscopic Atrial Septal Defect Repair With Robotic Assistance
Authors: Michael Argenziano, Mehmet C. Oz, Takushi Kohmoto, Jeffrey Morgan, Jaina Dimitui, Linda Mongero, James Beck, Craig R. Smith
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Computer (robotic) enhancement had emerged as a facilitator of minimally invasive cardiac surgery, and has been used to perform portions of intracardiac procedures via thoracotomy incisions. This report describes the next step in this progression—the first U.S. application of robotic technology for totally endoscopic open heart surgery. Methods and Results— Seventeen patients underwent repair of a secundum-type atrial septal defect (n=12) or patent foramen ovale (n=5) by a totally endoscopic approach, utilizing the Da Vinci robotic system. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was achieved peripherally. Cardioplegia was administered via the distal port of the arterial cannula after endo-balloon inflation. Via three port incisions in the right chest, pericardiotomy, bicaval occlusion, atriotomy, atrial septopexy, and atrial closure were performed by a surgeon seated at a computer console. A fourth 15-mm port was utilized for suction and suture passage by a patient-side assistant. The mean age of the patients was 47 years (range, 22 to 68). Aortic crossclamp time was 32 minutes (median), and CPB time was 122 minutes. In 16 patients, transesophageal echocardiography after 30 days confirmed successful repair. In one patient, a recurrent shunt was identified and repaired on postoperative day 5. Median length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit was 20 hours, and median hospital length of stay was 4 days. Conclusions— Robotic technology can be utilized to perform open heart procedures safely and effectively via totally endoscopic approaches. This technique represents an option for patients seeking a reliable ASD repair but wishing to avoid sternotomy or thoracotomy.
Care of Premature Infants
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Laura R. Ment, MD; Betty Vohr, MD; Walter Allan, MD; Karol H. Katz, MS; Karen C. Schneider, MPH; Michael Westerveld, PhD; Charles C. Duncan, MD; Robert W. Makuch, PhD
Once is not enough: clinical trials in sepsis
Authors: Daniel A. Sweeney, Robert L. Danner, Peter Q. Eichacker, Charles Natanson
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)

In this issue of Intensive Care Medicine, the steering committee members of the PROWESS-Shock trial present a balanced discussion of the controversies surrounding recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC) and the challenges intrinsic to designing an industry-sponsored trial [1]. The investigators have taken important steps to be transparent about financial conflicts of interest, to safeguard data monitoring and to ensure the validity of statistical analysis. The purpose of the upcoming PROWESS-Shock Trial is to prospectively test rhAPC in a high-risk septic population—those patients with vasopressor-dependent shock for C4 h. The need for this trial, years after the regulatory approval of rhAPC for a similar indication, is a cautionary tale that contains important lessons for health care providers who manage patients with sepsis, the pharmaceutical industry and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The following is an excerpt from a letter written to Dr. Jay P. Siegel, Director of the Office of Therapeutics Research and Review, FDA, on 22 October 2001 by four of the ten dissenting members of the FDA advisory panel that considered the safety and efficacy of rhAPC (Personal communication, Suffredini A for the authors, Cross AE, Munford R, Suffredini A, Warren S):
Two-Year Angiographic Follow-Up of Intracoronary Sr90 Therapy for Restenosis Prevention After Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: David Meerkin, Michel Joyal, Jean-Claude Tardif, Jacques Lespérance, André Arsenault, Guylaine Lucier, Raoul Bonan
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Postcoronary angioplasty vascular brachytherapy (VBT) has emerged as a successful intervention for restenosis prevention in some clinical scenarios. Longer-term follow-up after VBT in de novo nonstented lesions has not been reported. Methods and Results — Thirty patients treated with post–percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) VBT with Sr 90 underwent clinical and angiographic follow-up at 6 and 24 months. Specific vessel segment quantitative coronary angiographic analyses were performed to identify radiation edge effects. Nineteen patients who had not undergone index procedure stenting or target vessel revascularization (TVR) over the 2-year period were analyzed separately. Of the 30 patients, 3 underwent TVR by 6-month follow-up. An additional 4 patients required TVR between 6 and 24 months. In the total cohort of 26 patients undergoing angiographic follow-up at 6 and 24 months, an increase in minimal lumen diameter of the initial target segment was noted at 6 months compared with postprocedure analysis (2.31±0.48 versus 2.04±0.43 mm, P &lt;0.05). At 24 months, this was no longer significant (2.19±0.61 mm). In the proximal segments of the entire cohort and the nonintervened subgroup, the principal late loss occurred over the first 6 months with no additional late loss at 2-year follow-up. The distal segments remained stable over the entire follow-up period. Conclusions — Although some late failures of post-PTCA VBT are seen between 6 and 24 months, most treated vessels remain stable with no late loss or additional luminal increase beyond the 6-month period. This suggests that late aneurysm formation and significant late edge restenosis are unlikely in VBT after PTCA of de novo lesions for up to 2 years.