tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disparate electrophysiological alterations accompanying dysrhythmia due to coronary occlusion and reperfusion in the cat.
Authors: P A Penkoske, B E Sobel, P B Corr
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The electrophysiologic changes associated with dysrhythmias induced by coronary occlusion and by subsequent reperfusion were characterized with six complimentary approaches in chloralose-anesthetized cats (n = 57) with proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Occlusion led to reproducible ventricular dysrhythmia which abated in 35 minutes. The electrophysiologic effects of reperfusion initiated at this time could be studied. Simultaneous bipolar electrograms (epi-, myo- and endocardial) from ischemic and normal zones were analyzed by computer. Before the onset of the dysrhythmia induced by occlusion, conduction was markedly slowed, with dV/dt decreasing to 34% +/- 6% of control and conduction time (endo- to epicardial activation) prolonged to 328 +/- 77% of control. However, these values returned toward normal with reperfusion, even though it also consistently induced dysrhythmia. The idioventricular escape rate (determined by intense vagal stimulation) was 62 +/- 6 beats/min during the dysrhythmia induced by occlusion (equal to control), but increased during the reperfusion dysrhythmia to 188 +/- 12 beats/min. The occlusion dysrhythmia was exacerbated, but the reperfusion dysrhythmia was suppressed by rapid atrial pacing. The refractory period progressively shortened after occlusion and remained decreased during early reperfusion. Thus, increased conduction time through myocardial and epicardial regions, asynchronous depolarization and shortening of the refractory period accompanied dysrhythmia induced by occlusion. In contrast, the dysrhythmia induced by reperfusion was characterized by normal conduction time, through myocardial regions with continued significant epicardial delay, overdrive suppression, synchronous depolarization and a high idioventricular rate.
Infectious mononucleosis. Clinical manifestations in relation to EB virus antibodies
Authors: J. C. Niederman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In each of 29 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) the development of antibodies against a herpes-type virus (EB virus) has been demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence test with a virus bearing cell line (EB-3) derived from a Burkitt lymphoma. These antibodies, absent in pre-illness serum specimens, usually appeared early in the disease, rose to peak levels within a few weeks, and remained at relatively high levels during convalescence. They are clearly distinctive from heterophile antibodies and, unlike the latter, they persist for years, probably for life. Tests on sera from 50 randomly selected college freshmen revealed EB virus antibodies in 12, two of whom had positive histories of IM. Of 38 without demonstrable antibodies none had had IM, but the illness developed in three in the next two years. These and other observations strongly indicate that EB virus, or a closely related one, is the etiologic agent of IM.
Longer Therapy, Iatrogenic Amenorrhea, and Survival in Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Sandra M. Swain, Jong Hyeon Jeong, Charles E. Geyer, Joseph P. Costantino, Eduardo R. Pajon, Louis Fehrenbacher, James N. Atkins, Jonathan Polikoff, Victor G. Vogel, John K. Erban, Priya Rastogi, Robert B. Livingston, Edith A. Perez, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Stephanie R. Land, Patricia A. Ganz, Norman Wolmark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Chemotherapy regimens that combine anthracyclines and taxanes result in improved disease-free and overall survival among women with operable lymph-node-positive breast cancer. The effectiveness of concurrent versus sequential regimens is not known.We randomly assigned 5351 patients with operable, node-positive, early-stage breast cancer to receive four cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by four cycles of docetaxel (sequential ACT); four cycles of doxorubicin and docetaxel (doxorubicin-docetaxel); or four cycles of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and docetaxel (concurrent ACT). The primary aims were to examine whether concurrent ACT was more effective than sequential ACT and whether the doxorubicin-docetaxel regimen would be as effective as the concurrent-ACT regimen. The secondary aims were to assess toxic effects and to correlate amenorrhea with outcomes in premenopausal women.At a median follow-up of 73 months, overall survival was improved in the sequential-ACT group (8-year overall survival, 83%) as compared with the doxorubicin-docetaxel group (overall survival, 79%; hazard ratio for death, 0.83; P=0.03) and the concurrent-ACT group (overall survival, 79%; hazard ratio, 0.86; P=0.09). Disease-free survival was improved in the sequential-ACT group (8-year disease-free survival, 74%) as compared with the doxorubicin-docetaxel group (disease-free survival, 69%; hazard ratio for recurrence, a second malignant condition, or death, 0.80; P=0.001) and the concurrent-ACT group (disease-free survival, 69%; hazard ratio, 0.83; P=0.01). The doxorubicin-docetaxel regimen showed noninferiority to the concurrent-ACT regimen for overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.14). Overall survival was improved in patients with amenorrhea for 6 months or more across all treatment groups, independently of estrogen-receptor status.Sequential ACT improved disease-free survival as compared with doxorubicin-docetaxel or concurrent ACT, and it improved overall survival as compared with doxorubicin-docetaxel. Amenorrhea was associated with improved survival regardless of the treatment and estrogen-receptor status. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003782.)
Involvement of Peripheral Airways during Methacholine-induced Bronchoconstriction after Lung Transplantation
Authors: ALAIN VAN MUYLEM, MANUEL PAIVA, MARC ESTENNE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Previous studies have shown that the presence of nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity (NSBHR) in transplanted subjects is associated with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans, which suggests that NSBHR in these subjects may involve the peripheral airways. We investigated this question by studying the effects of methacholine on the distribution of ventilation using single-breath washouts in 15 heart–lung transplant recipients; 17 nontransplanted subjects with NSBHR were studied for comparison. All subjects had normal baseline lung function, and seven transplanted subjects displayed NSBHR. Methacholine induced a similar decline in FEV1 and specific airway conductance in the two groups. In contrast, whereas methacholine produced similar increases in the slope of the alveolar plateau for SF6 (Ssf 6) and He (She) in the nontransplanted subjects, it always produced greater increases in She than Ssf 6 in the transplanted subjects. This suggests that in the latter, methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction made the distribution of ventilation more heterogeneous in peripheral airways. This involvement of small airways may help in understanding why assessing bronchial reactivity in transplanted subjects provides information on the presence of a pathologic process affecting the bronchioles, and hence on the risk of progression to bronchiolitis obliterans.
Individual Health First, Chile Second
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Some did not care for a frankly leftish account1 of the effect on Chilean medical care when the current regime in that country ousted the Allende government three years ago. Others, predictably, will not care for the defense "written in Chile, by Chilean authors" of the conservative and traditional medical practices under the current dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.Paradoxically and perhaps perversely, the Waitzkin-Modell version appeared during a time when the American government and most of its citizens were supporting materially and spiritually the conservative cause; the Medina and Cruz-Coke story is printed when Pinochet's rule is increasingly under a . . .
Could Rigorous Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension Reduce Cardiac Events in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors?
Authors: Aristotle Bamias, George Lainakis, Efstathios Manios, Eleni Koroboki, Alexandra Karadimou, Nikos Zakopoulos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

we agree that for specific subsets of postmenopausal patients, tamoxifen will still represent the adjuvant endocrine therapy of choice.However, while waiting for the promises of personalized medicine to become reality, we shall not agree that "up-front aromatase inhibitors can be recommended only in women who have contraindications to the use of tamoxifen."
Determinants of Cerebral Oxygenation During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Georg Nollert, Patrick Möhnle, Peter Tassani-Prell, Bruno Reichart
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Neuropsychological deficits after cardiac surgery are attributed to the side effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To protect the brain from ischemic damage, the influences of temperature, blood pressure, blood gases, acid-base status, and hemodilution on cerebral oxygenation have to be elucidated and quantified.Forty-one consecutive patients were investigated during cardiac surgery while on CPB. Operative management included moderate hypothermia of 26 degrees C and the alpha-stat pH management. With near-infrared spectrophotometry, changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2, representing oxygen delivery) and oxidized cytochrome a,a3 (CtO2, cellular oxygenation) in brain tissue were obtained noninvasively. In addition, venous saturation of the brain was measured via a catheter in the jugular bulb (SBJO2). The influence of operative management parameters on cerebral oxygenation was calculated by univariate and multiple regression analyses.Before and after CPB there was no significant multivariate determinant of cerebral oxygenation. During CPB, HbO2 depended solely on PCO2 (P < .01; r = .89). CtO2 was determined by pH (P < .01), esophageal temperature (P < .01), PCO2 (P < .01), and Hb (P < .01). These parameters explained nearly all changes of the cytochrome measurements during CPB (r = .99). Arterial PCO2 (P < .01) and pH (P < .01) influenced brain venous oxygen saturation (SBJO2; r = .98).Cerebral oxygenation is autoregulated during cardiac surgery before and after CPB. During CPB, Hb, temperature, pH, and PCO2 determined at least 85% of all changes in cerebral oxygenation. The main causes of impaired cerebral oxygenation are the decrease in Hb with hemodilution, vasoconstriction due to hypocapnia, and the leftward shift of the Hb binding curve in alkalosis and hypothermia.
Higher Incidence of Relapse With Peripheral Blood Rather Than Marrow As a Source of Stem Cells in Adults With Acute Myelocytic Leukemia Autografted During the First Remission
Authors: Norbert-Claude Gorin, Myriam Labopin, Didier Blaise, Josy Reiffers, Giovanna Meloni, Mauricette Michallet, Theo de Witte, Michel Attal, Bernard Rio, Francois Witz, Loic Fouillard, Roel Willemze, Vanderson Rocha
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

The cell source for autologous stem cell transplantation has shifted from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB). In acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), for patients who receive transplants during first complete remission (CR1), no prospective randomized study has compared relapse incidence (RI) to cell source.We analyzed 2,165 patients who received autografts (1,607 PB and 558 BM) from 1994 to 2006 and were reported to the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation with complete research data. Relative to the time of CR1, PB transplants were performed earlier than BM transplants. Because a poorer outcome was associated with a shorter interval from CR1 to transplantation, patients were divided into three groups: BM, early PB (< or = 80 days after CR1), and late PB (> 80 days after CR1) transplantation.In a multivariate analysis adjusted for differences between groups and center, RI was higher with both early PB (56% +/- 3%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.45; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.9; P = .006) and late PB transplantation (46% +/- 2%; HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.59; P = .01) as compared with BM transplantation (39% +/- 2%). This translated into a significantly worse leukemia-free survival (LFS) for early PB transplantation (36% +/- 3%; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.96; P = .02) and a trend for a poorer LFS for late PB (46% +/- 2%; HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.01; P = .06) as compared with BM (52% +/- 2%).For patients with AML in CR1, risk of relapse is greater with PB transplantation rather than BM, independent of the interval from CR1 to transplantation.
Severity of canine myocardial infarcts in relation to indices of oxygen demand: preservation of myocardial creatine kinase activity by vagal stimulation and propranolol
Authors: N L SAMMEL, R M NORRIS, C F HUGHES, R N JOHNSON, N G ASHTON, R L ELLIOTT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in 58 open-chest anaesthetised dogs; 23 were controls, 15 were given intravenous propranolol 1 mg·kg−1 before and at 6 h intervals after coronary ligation, nine had bilateral cervical vagal nerve stimulation (VS) before and for 4 to 6 h after coronary ligation, and 11 had both VS and propranolol. None of the 20 dogs undergoing VS developed ventricular fibrillation within the first hour after coronary ligation compared to nine of the remaining 38 (P<0.05). Compared to controls, myocardial creatine kinase (CK) depletion in the epicardial layer of the infarct centre measured 24 h after coronary ligation was significantly less in the groups treated separately with vagal nerve stimulation and propranolol. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) measured at 15 min after coronary ligation was reduced to the normal myocardium by the interventions, but was unchanged at the infarct centre. Severely ischaemic myocardium (MBF ≤ 20% of normal) was better protected by the interventions than was moderately ischaemic myocardium. At 15 min after coronary ligation, the heart rate — blood pressure product (RPP) was reduced compared with controls by propranolol (18% reduction, P<0.05), reduced more by vagal stimulation (by 37%, P<0.001) and still more by vagal stimulation with propranolol (by 43%, P<0.001). Preservation of CK in myocardium with MBF ≤20% of normal was improved by VS and propranolol given separately roughly in proportion to reduction in RPP, but further reduction in RPP by VS and propranolol together did not improve CK levels further. We conclude that there may be an optimum level of indices of oxygen demand for preservation of very ischaemic myocardium in experimental infarction.
TCT-778 Long-term Outcomes After Transcatheter Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Sammy Elmariah, Ignacio Inglessis, Pablo Rengifo, Ronan Margey, Suzanne Baron, Caitlin O'Callaghan, Ignacio Cruz-González, Zareh Demirjian, Ferdinando Buonanno, MingMing Ning, Scott Silverman, Eugene Pomerantsev, Robert Schainfeld, G. Dec, Igor Palacios
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Time for a ban on alcohol advertising
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2009)

News that the UK has one of the highest rates of underage drinking and teenage pregnancy in the industrialised world (doi:10.1136/bmj.b3635) comes in the same week that the BMA calls for a ban on alcohol advertising because of its damaging effects on young people (doi:10.1136/bmj.b3637). The BMA’s report, Under the Influence (www.bma.org.uk/health\_promotion\_ethics/alcohol/undertheinfluence.jsp), says that a whole range of policies are to blame for steadily increasing sales of alcohol, especially among the young. It calls for price increases and a ban on all marketing communications, including price promotions and sport and music sponsorship.

It’s interesting to see the inevitable parallels with the fight against tobacco advertising. In …
Dynamic antibody-binding properties in the pathogenesis of HIT
Authors: Bruce S. Sachais, Rustem I. Litvinov, Serge V. Yarovoi, Lubica Rauova, Jillian L. Hinds, Ann H. Rux, Gowthami M. Arepally, Mortimer Poncz, Adam Cuker, John W. Weisel, Douglas B. Cines
Journal: Blood (2012)
Abstract 5053: MicroRNA expression profile of astrocytoma according to its malignant potential in Puerto Rican brain tumor samples
Authors: Mónica Rivera-Díaz, Mario Quintero, Jorge Billoch, Maria Marcos, Ileabett Echevarría, Pablo E. Vivas-Meji
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Astrocytoma, the tumor of astrocytic glial cells, is the most common type of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, accounting for more than 60% of all primary brain tumors. As histology-based classification is highly subjective, there is a need for more robust histology-independent molecular classifiers. Although different gene expression and genome-wide array-CGH expression profiles have been use for classification, these expression signatures are yet to be translated to utility in clinical settings suggesting that these studies require further characterization and validation. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, short (19-24 nucleotides) non-protein-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Alterations in the expression profiles of many miRNAs have been described in numerous human tumors. Recent evident indicate that the grade types of astrocytoma could be better classified by using a micro miRNA expression profiles compared with histological or gene expression analysis. Thus, the aim of this project was to construct a miRNA expression profile of astrocytoma according to its malignant potential in Puerto Rican brain tumor samples. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples were used in this study. Not shown in previous literature, our preliminary results showed that miR-27b was more abundant in high grade vs. low grade astrocytoma. Although, miRNA profiling appears to be a very promising tool, nonetheless, further validation of these discriminatory miRNAs in a large number of patients and in independent studies is necessary before clinical application becomes realistic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5053. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5053
Urinary leukotriene E<sub>4</sub> levels in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: J.E. SANSOM, G.W. TAYLOR, C.T. DOLLERY, C.B. ARCHER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Leukotriene synthesis may be increased in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Urinary leukotriene E4 is a stable metabolite of leukotrienes C4 and D4 which has previously been found to be increased in exacerbations of severe asthma and after antigen inhalation. Levels of urinary LTE4 in seven patients during and after a severe flare of atopic dermatitis were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Mean urinary LTE4 levels (+/- SEM) were not increased during (16.7 +/- 3.7 pg/mumol) or after (16.9 +/- 4.8 mumol) the acute exacerbation of atopic dermatitis when compared with the normal range (mean = 23.8 [95% confidence interval 19.9-28.2] pg/mumol creatinine). These findings do not provide evidence of cysteine leukotriene involvement in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
Statins Are Associated With a Reduced Incidence of Perioperative Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Wei Pan, Tatjana Pintar, James Anton, Vei-Vei Lee, William K. Vaughn, Charles D. Collard
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Statin therapy in nonsurgical patient populations is associated with a significant reduction in adverse cardiovascular events, including death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Recently, statin therapy was shown to be associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative mortality in patients undergoing major noncardiac vascular surgery. We investigated the influence of preoperative statin therapy on adverse outcomes after primary coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing primary CABG surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (n=1663) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2001 at the Texas Heart Institute was performed. Patients were classified into 2 groups: patients receiving preoperative statin therapy (n=943) and patients not receiving preoperative antihyperlipidemic therapy (n=720). To determine if preoperative statin therapy was independently associated with a reduction in the risk of adverse postoperative outcomes, multivariate stepwise logistic regression was performed controlling for patient demographics, medical history, and preoperative medications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that preoperative statin therapy was independently associated with a significant reduction ( approximately 50%) in the risk of 30-day all-cause mortality (3.75% versus 1.80%; P<0.05). The adjusted odds ratio for early mortality in patients receiving preoperative statin therapy compared with patients not receiving antihyperlipidemic agents was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.99). Statin therapy was not independently associated with a reduced risk of postoperative MI, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, or renal dysfunction. In an attempt to further control for selection bias related to the choice of therapy, multivariate analysis of a propensity-matched cohort of 1362 patients revealed that preoperative statin therapy was independently associated with a significant reduction in the composite endpoint of 30-day all-cause mortality and stroke (7.1% versus 4.6%; P<0.05).Preoperative statin therapy may reduce the risk of early mortality after primary CABG surgery with CPB.
850 LIVER REGENERATION AFTER COMBINED PVE AND ADMINISTRATION OF CD34+ AUTOLOGOUS CELLS: PRELIMINARY CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: M. Maestri, P. Quaretti, C. Perotti, G. Poggi, A. Vercelli, G. David, A. Gaspari, F. Maffeis, M.C. Canepa, A. Peloso, M. Carlino, M. Alessiani, P. Dionigi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Abstract 4209: Genotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide-induced oxidative stress in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells
Authors: Erika T. Brown, Clement G. Yedjou, Paul B. Tchounwou
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Recent studies in our laboratory indicated that oxidative stress plays a key role in arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced cytotoxicity in human cancer cells. In the present investigation, we used human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells as a model to determine whether arsenic induced DNA damage is mediated through oxidative stress. To achieve this goal, oxidative stress biomarkers were measured by lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase assays, respectively. The degree of DNA damage was estimated by the means of comet assay. The results of the lipid peroxidation showed a significant increase (p &amp;lt;0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with increasing ATO concentrations. Results from the glutathione peroxidase and catalase assays showed a gradual decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity in ATO-treated cells as compared the control. In regard to the comet assay, a significant increase (p &amp;lt; 0.05) in comet tail-length and percentages of DNA cleavage were observed in ATO-treated cells using the comet assay. Taken together, our research demonstrated that oxidative stress modulates ATO mediated DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4209. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4209