tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of digitalis on human ventricular refactoriness
Authors: J. K. BISSETT, N. D. B. de SOYZA, J. J. KANE, J. R. McCONNELL, J. E. DOHERTY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article Effect of digitalis on human ventricular refactoriness Get access JOE K. BISSETT, JOE K. BISSETT 2 From the Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Medicine, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 2Address for reprints: Joe K. Bissett, MD, Cardiology Section (111B), Veterans Administration Hospital, 300 East Roosevelt Road, Little Rock, Arkansas 72206, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. D. B. de SOYZA, N. D. B. de SOYZA From the Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Medicine, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES J. KANE, JAMES J. KANE From the Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Medicine, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES R. McCONNELL, JAMES R. McCONNELL From the Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Medicine, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES E. DOHERTY JAMES E. DOHERTY From the Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Medicine, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 5, May 1978, Pages 288–293, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.5.288 Published: 01 May 1978
Lifetime Prevalence of Gender-Based Violence in Women and the Relationship With Mental Disorders and Psychosocial Function
Authors: Susan Rees, Derrick Silove, Tien Chey, Lorraine Ivancic, Zachary Steel, Mark Creamer, Maree Teesson, Richard Bryant, Alexander C. McFarlane, Katherine L. Mills, Tim Slade, Natacha Carragher, Meaghan O'Donnell, David Forbes
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Intimate partner physical violence, rape, sexual assault, and stalking are pervasive and co-occurring forms of gender-based violence (GBV). An association between these forms of abuse and lifetime mental disorder and psychosocial disability among women needs to be examined.To assess the association of GBV and mental disorder, its severity and comorbidity, and psychosocial functioning among women.A cross-sectional study based on the Australian National Mental Health and Well-being Survey in 2007, of 4451 women (65% response rate) aged 16 to 85 years.The Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 of the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative was used to assess lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder, anxiety, mood disorder, substance use disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Also included were indices of lifetime trauma exposure, including GBV, sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, family history of mental disorder, social supports, general mental and physical functioning, quality of life, and overall disability.A total of 1218 women (27.4%) reported experiencing at least 1 type of GBV. For women exposed to 3 or 4 types of GBV (n = 139), the rates of mental disorders were 77.3% (odds ratio [OR], 10.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.85-17.30) for anxiety disorders, 52.5% (OR, 3.59; 95% CI, 2.31-5.60) for mood disorder, 47.1% (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 3.46-9.10) for substance use disorder, 56.2% (OR, 15.90; 95% CI, 8.32-30.20) for PTSD, 89.4% (OR, 11.00; 95% CI, 5.46-22.17) for any mental disorder, and 34.7% (OR, 14.80; 95% CI, 6.89-31.60) for suicide attempts. Gender-based violence was associated with more severe current mental disorder (OR, 4.60; 95% CI, 2.93-7.22), higher rates of 3 or more lifetime disorders (OR, 7.79; 95% CI, 6.10-9.95), physical disability (OR, 4.00; 95% CI, 1.82-8.82), mental disability (OR, 7.14; 95% CI, 2.87-17.75), impaired quality of life (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.60-5.47), an increase in disability days (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 2.43-4.05), and overall disability (OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.99-3.75).Among a nationally representative sample of Australian women, GBV was significantly associated with mental health disorder, dysfunction, and disability.
The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Ventral Tegmental Area Are Necessary for Learning from Unexpected Outcomes
Authors: Yuji K. Takahashi, Matthew R. Roesch, Thomas A. Stalnaker, Richard Z. Haney, Donna J. Calu, Adam R. Taylor, Kathryn A. Burke, Geoffrey Schoenbaum
Journal: Neuron (2009)
Adhesion molecules of allergic inflammation: recent insights into their functional roles
Authors: G. W. Canonica, G. Ciprandi, S. Buscaglia, G. Pesce, M. Bagnasco
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Canonica GW, Ciprandi G, Buscaglia S, Pesce G, Bagnasco M. Adhesion molecules of allergic inflammation: recent insights into their functional roles.
Abstract 3112: <i>TIS21BTG2/PC3</i> enhances down-regulation of c-Myc expression during all<i>-trans</i>-retinoic acid-induced differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Muhammad Imran, Tae Jun Park, In Kyoung Lim
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract c-Myc is a transcription factor that promotes cell growth and proliferation. Deregulated c-myc can induce aberrant proliferation, loss of terminal differentiation and oncogenesis. On the other hand, the 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate inducible sequence 21 (TIS21), ortholog of human B-cell translocation gene-2 (BTG2) is an antiproliferative tumor suppressor gene, working as a pan-cell cycle regulator. In this study we have evaluated the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and TIS21BTG2/PC3 on the expression c-Myc in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells, harboring amplified c-myc. We observed that ATRA induced granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells as monitored by the expressions of CD11b, CD14, CD38 and microscopic examination of the cells. ATRA treatment led to decrease in cells proliferation accompanied by down-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E and cyclin A while up-regulation of p21WAF1 and p27KIP1 and hence G1 phase arrest. Expression of c-Myc was significantly down-regulated during all-trans-retinoic acid induced differentiation, while BTG2TIS21/PC3 was up-regulated (∼2.5 folds). Employing adenovirus carrying TIS21 gene, we observed the slight down regulation of c-Myc expression; TIS21 however, enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells to granulocytes and significantly increased down-regulation of c-Myc expression at protein level but mRNA level didn't change. Proteosomal inhibition with MG132 didn't attenuate c-Myc protein levels indicating that ubiquitination/proteosome-mediated proteolysis is not involved in TIS21BTG2/PC3 mediated down-regulation of c-Myc. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway with LY294002 however, suggested the possible involvement of TIS21BTG2/PC at least in part through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in regulating c-Myc expression. The present results suggest the modulating effect of TIS21BTG2/PC3 on c-Myc expression in a promyelocytic leukemia cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3112.
The Effect of Financing on Psychiatric Care
Authors: ROBERT W. GIBSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

There will probably not be a single system of payment to physicians under national health insurance, but it seems likely that the option of obtaining care through an organized system such as a health maintenance organization will be mandated. The author discusses the pros and cons of such organizations and how mental health services might operate within them. He urges psychiatrists to assume an active role in determining what psychiatric services are needed in this country and how they can best be delivered.
Fibrinogen Catabolism Study of Three Patients with Bacterial Endocarditis and Renal Disease
Authors: E. N. Wardle, M. Floyd
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Three patients with bacterial endocarditis who developed renal failure have been studied by means of a radiofibrinogen catabolism study. Two were studied at the time of bacteraemia and one during the subsequent "immunological phase" of circulating immune complexes. Accelerated fibrinogen catabolism was found in all cases. Intravascular coagulation may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of proliferative glomerulonephritis in such cases.
Interferon alfa-2b in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children: Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics
Authors: Regino P. González-Peralta, Deirdre A. Kelly, Barbara Haber, Jean Molleston, Karen F. Murray, Maureen M. Jonas, Mark Shelton, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, Yoav Lurie, Steven Martin, Thomas Lang, Andrew Baczkowski, Michael Geffner, Samir Gupta, Mark Laughlin
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is usually asymptomatic in children, but significant liver disease may occur. We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in children with chronic HCV. We determined the optimal ribavirin dose in an initial cohort of a phase 1 study and then subsequently used it, in combination with interferon alfa-2b, in a second cohort of this study and a phase 3 trial. The primary efficacy endpoint in all studies was sustained virological response, defined by undetectable serum HCV RNA 24 weeks after completion of therapy. All efficacy and safety analyses were performed on the intent-to-treat population. Children receiving interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin 15 mg/kg/d in the phase 1 study had the maximum reduction in serum HCV RNA at treatment weeks 4 and 12 with an acceptable safety profile. This ribavirin dose was selected as optimal and used in all subsequent studies. In all, 46% (54/118) of optimally treated children achieved sustained virological response. Sustained virological response was significantly higher in children with HCV genotype 2/3 (84%) than in those with HCV genotype 1 (36%). Adverse events led to dose modification in 37 (31%) and discontinuation in 8 (7%). Multiple-dose interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin peak and trough concentrations and area-under-the-curve were similar between children and adults. In conclusion , interferon alfa-2b in combination with ribavirin is effective and safe in children with chronic hepatitis C virus. (Hepatology 2005;42:1010–1018.)
Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in children: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: Rintaro Mori, Monica Lakhanpaul, Kate Verrier-Jones
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Although urinary tract infection affects at least 3.6% of boys and 11% of girls, establishing the diagnosis is difficult in early childhood owing to the lack of specific urinary symptoms, difficulty in urine collection, and contamination of samples. Most children have a single episode and recover promptly. Current imaging, prophylaxis, and prolonged follow-up strategies place a heavy burden on patients, families, and NHS resources and carry risks without evidence of benefit. This article summarises the most recent guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on how to provide consistent clinically and cost effective practice for the diagnosis, treatment, and further management of urinary tract infection in childhood.1 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, a range of consensus techniques is used to develop recommendations. In this summary, recommendations derived primarily from consensus techniques are indicated with an asterisk (*). ### Assessment and diagnosis
Mutations in the mitochondrial protease gene AFG3L2 cause dominant hereditary ataxia SCA28
Authors: Daniela Di Bella, Federico Lazzaro, Alfredo Brusco, Massimo Plumari, Giorgio Battaglia, Annalisa Pastore, Adele Finardi, Claudia Cagnoli, Filippo Tempia, Marina Frontali, Liana Veneziano, Tiziana Sacco, Enrica Boda, Alessandro Brussino, Florian Bonn, Barbara Castellotti, Silvia Baratta, Caterina Mariotti, Cinzia Gellera, Valentina Fracasso, Stefania Magri, Thomas Langer, Paolo Plevani, Stefano Di Donato, Marco Muzi-Falconi, Franco Taroni
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
An Antisense CAG Repeat Transcript at JPH3 Locus Mediates Expanded Polyglutamine Protein Toxicity in Huntington's Disease-like 2 Mice
Authors: Brian Wilburn, Dobrila D. Rudnicki, Jing Zhao, Tara Murphy Weitz, Yin Cheng, Xiaofeng Gu, Erin Greiner, Chang Sin Park, Nan Wang, Bryce L. Sopher, Albert R. La Spada, Alex Osmand, Russell L. Margolis, Yi E. Sun, X. William Yang
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Mothers and Medicine: A Social History of Infant Feeding, 1890-1950
Authors: Nell Pape Warning
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In the last decade of the 19th century and the first half of this in the United States, the bottle replaced the breast as the initial nourishment of the American baby. This book showed me that the older one gets, the more what one considers current events turn out to be "history." Certainly no one can object to history being set down sooner, as this book has been, than later: it is much more apt to be accurate. In this case Apple has personally interviewed many women who were caught in the misery that occurred when a mother, unable to breast-feed, did not know how or what to feed her hungry infant by bottle. The problems with wet nurses are poignant. Other sources are interviews with physicians who practiced at the time, textbooks of medicine, the major medical journals, women's magazines, government publications, and child-care pamphlets given away by the
The Normal Electrocardiogram
Authors: CHARLES E. KOSSMANN
Journal: Circulation (1953)

An attempt has been made to show that the data available are not altogether adequate for establishing exact criteria for the normal electrocardiogram. Some of the more recent efforts to correct this situation have been reviewed and synthesized so far as possible into a form which it is hoped may be immediately useful. It is emphasized that this report is merely of recent clinical progress in the field. A more comprehensive and statistically complete investigation of the normal electrocardiogram in all age groups remains to be done.
Development of a Novel GREB1 Monoclonal Antibody and Applications in Breast Cancer Research.
Authors: H. Hnatyszyn, M. Liu, A. Hilger, D. Thomas, J. Rae, M. Lippman
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract It has been well established that GREB1 mRNA expression is induced by estrogen in breast cancers and that GREB1 is critically involved in the estrogen-induced growth of breast cancer. To date, all studies of GREB1 have focused on mRNA levels using PCR and array technologies with very little known about GREB1 protein expression in normal and breast cancer cells. The lack of a specific antibody to GREB1 has inhibited protein-based investigations in target cells. Our collaborative research group has generated a novel monoclonal GREB1 antibody (GREB1ab) for research use in Western blotting as well as immunohistochemical (IHC) applications.Our team created a hybridoma expressing a murine monoclonal antibody against a 119 amino acid peptide specific to human GREB1. By Western Blot Analysis, GREB1ab detects a 216 kD protein corresponding to GREB1a in ER+ breast cancer cells expressing GREB1 as well as cells transfected with a GREB1a expression plasmid. GREB1ab specificity was verified using ICI 182,780, an estrogen receptor antagonist to prevent GREB1 induction, as well as silencing siRNA targeting GREB1 mRNA expression. GREB1 protein expression was reduced in MCF-7 cells treated with estrogen plus ICI 182,780 compared with that of estrogen treatment. There was no detectable GREB1 protein expression when GREB1 mRNA is silenced by siRNA at 48 hours. In a time course study, inhibition of GREB1 protein occurred as early as 24 hours and lasted up to 72 hours. Thus, by Western Blot Analysis, the monoclonal GREB1ab is specific for GREB1 and can be employed to detect changes in GREB1 expression in breast cancer cell lines under various experimental conditions.GREB1ab was validated for detection of GREB1 by IHC in breast cancer cell lines and breast tissue microarrays (TMA). IHC staining with GREB1ab revealed GREB1 was strongly expressed in the ERα-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, with weak GREB1 expression in ERα-negative MDA-231 cells. A panel of breast cancer cell lines was screened for endogenous expression of GREB1 protein in a TMA format using IHC. As expected, ER-positive cell lines (n=5) were observed to express GREB1 while ER-negative cell lines (n=11) did not express detectable levels. Using breast cancer tissue whole sections, IHC with the GREB1ab indicated protein expression in ERα positive breast cancer tissue as well as normal breast tissue, with little GREB1 expression in ERα negative breast cancer tissue.The monoclonal GREB1ab is specific for GREB1 protein. This antibody will serve as a tool for investigations focused on the expression, distribution and function of GREB1 in normal breast and breast cancer tissues. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2126.
An index of inflammatory activity in patients with Crohn's disease.
Authors: P A van Hees, P H van Elteren, H J van Lier, J H van Tongeren
Journal: Gut (1980)

An objective and quantitative standard of inflammatory activity for patients with Crohn's disease was developed. This Activity Index (AI) was derived from data of 63 patients with Crohn's disease who had been submitted to a total of 85 clinical examinations. On the basis of 18 predictor variables three physicians gave an overall evaluation of the severity of inflammatory activity in each patient. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to investigate which combination of variables contributed most to the overall evaluation. The combination of the following nine variables gave a very good correlation (r = 0.95) with the overall evaluation: serum albumin, ESR, body weight related to length, abdominal mass, sex, temperature, stool consistency, bowel resection, and extraintestinal symptoms related to Crohn's disease. This combination of variables expressed in a score that was used as an activity index proved to be very useful in the assessment of disease activity and of the effect of therapy. Index values below 100 are associated with inactive disease, values between 100 and 150 can be regarded as indicating slight inflammatory activity, values between 150 and 210 as indicating moderate, and values above 210 as indicating severe-to-very-severe inflammatory activity.
Critical appraisal of published research: introductory guidelines.
Authors: F G Fowkes, P M Fulton
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Appendix: derivation of sensitivity formula N=number of women having triple test; p=prevalence of Down's syndrome; p*N=total number of fetuses with Down's syndrome; DR=detection rate; FPR=false positive rate; p*N*DR*AR=number of women with true positive results who have amniocentesis; (1-p)*N*FPR*AR= number of women with false positive results who have amniocentesis; p*N*DR*AR=number having an abortion (all positive amniocentesis results); TT=cost of triple test per person; Am=cost of amniocentesis; Ab=cost of abortion; AR= amniocentesis acceptance rate.The total cost of avoiding the birth of all detected fetuses with Down's syndrome has three components: the cost of the triple test (TT*N); the cost of amniocentesis in all women with true positive results or false positive results; and the cost of abortion.Total cost =TTF*N+Am*[p*N*DR+(1-p)*N*FPR]*AR +Ab*p*N*DR*AR Average cost =Total cost/Number of births avoided
EFFECT OF IN VITRO CULTIVATION ON THE PATHOGENICITY OF VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS
Authors: Hilary Koprowski, Edwin H. Lennette
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1946)

Continued in vitro cultivation in a Maitland type medium resulted in a marked modification of the extraneural pathogenicity of the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. The ability of the virus to induce lethal infections after peripheral inoculation was almost completely lost for mice 42 or more days of age, was somewhat reduced for mice 28 days of age, but was still retained for mice 21 or less days of age. The virulence of the virus by the cerebral route remained essentially unaffected for mice of any of the experimental age groups. Prolonged cultivation also resulted in almost complete attenuation of the virus for rabbits and guinea pigs by the intraperitoneal route.
Validity of Canadian studies
Authors: Richard Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—We were wrong to suggest that Chandra's paper showed that participants could remember 50 digits,1 and a correction has been published.2

In his rapid response to White's news article Chandra quotes Professor Meisen's letter at length,3 but that letter was dated 2 April 2001. In response to that letter I went back to our …
On cancer risk estimation of urban air pollution.
Authors: M Törnqvist, L Ehrenberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The usefulness of data from various sources for a cancer risk estimation of urban air pollution is discussed. Considering the irreversibility of initiations, a multiplicative model is preferred for solid tumors. As has been concluded for exposure to ionizing radiation, the multiplicative model, in comparison with the additive model, predicts a relatively larger number of cases at high ages, with enhanced underestimation of risks by short follow-up times in disease-epidemiological studies. For related reasons, the extrapolation of risk from animal tests on the basis of daily absorbed dose per kilogram body weight or per square meter surface area without considering differences in life span may lead to an underestimation, and agreements with epidemiologically determined values may be fortuitous. Considering these possibilities, the most likely lifetime risks of cancer death at the average exposure levels in Sweden were estimated for certain pollution fractions or indicator compounds in urban air. The risks amount to approximately 50 deaths per 100,000 for inhaled particulate organic material (POM), with a contribution from ingested POM about three times larger, and alkenes, and butadiene cause 20 deaths, respectively, per 100,000 individuals. Also, benzene and formaldehyde are expected to be associated with considerable risk increments. Comparative potency methods were applied for POM and alkenes. Due to incompleteness of the list of compounds considered and the uncertainties of the above estimates, the total risk calculation from urban air has not been attempted here.
From exploration to justification: The importance of “special design” evidence
Authors: Jeffry A. Simpson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The authors present a balanced critique of the adaptation/exaptation debate and specify some of the hard evidentiary criteria that are needed to advance our understanding of human evolution. Investigators must build more “special design” criteria into their theorizing and research. By documenting that certain traits meet these rigorous criteria, the evolutionary sciences will ultimately rest on a firmer theoretical foundation.