tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In hypertension, the kidney is not always the heart of the matter
Authors: Michael E. Mendelsohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Blood pressure abnormalities are thought to originate from intrinsic changes in the kidney, a concept that has been largely unchallenged for more than 4 decades. However, recent molecular, cellular, and transgenic mouse studies support an alternative hypothesis: primary abnormalities in vascular cell function can also directly cause abnormalities of blood pressure. In this issue of the JCI, Crowley and coworkers describe the application of an elegant cross-renal transplant model to type 1A angiotensin (AT(1A)) receptor-deficient mice and their wild-type littermates to explore the relative contributions of renal and extrarenal tissues to the low blood pressure seen in the AT(1A) receptor-deficient animals. Their studies further support the emerging paradigm that primary abnormalities of the vasculature can make unique, nonredundant contributions to blood pressure regulation; the findings have potentially important implications for the ways we diagnose and treat blood pressure diseases in humans.
Phosphatidyl choline is recognized by a series of Ly-1+ murine B cell lymphomas specific for erythrocyte membranes.
Authors: T J Mercolino, L W Arnold, G Haughton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

Cells from 6 of 14 different Ly-1+ murine B cell lymphomas bound to synthetic liposomes encapsulating fluorescein. The liposomes were made from distearoyl phosphatidyl choline (DSPC), distearoyl phosphatidyl glycerol (DSPG), and cholesterol. In all cases, liposome binding was due to recognition of phosphatidyl choline by the surface IgM on the tumor cells. Liposome binding could be inhibited by DSPC but not by DSPG, and the number of liposomes bound per cell was directly related to the cell surface concentration of IgM. The IgM secreted by a hybridoma derived from one of the lymphomas, CH12, was shown to agglutinate liposomes, and was used in a solid-phase immunoassay to study inhibition of liposome binding by pure phospholipids; DSPC and sphingomyelin both inhibited, whereas DSPG did not. The Ig borne by the six lymphomas that bind phosphatidylcholine also bind to both SRBC and bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes. The idiotypic of CH12 IgM is similar to that expressed by Ly-1+ normal splenic B cells of the same specificity. The significance of these data in relation to other commonly studied autoantigens, and to the restricted specificity of normal Ly-1+ B cells is discussed.
Antibodies Against Autologous Tumor Cell Proteins in Patients With Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Association With Improved Survival
Authors: S. F. Winter, Y. Sekido, J. D. Minna, D. McIntire, B. E. Johnson, A. F. Gazdar, D. P. Carbone
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

The frequency and clinical relevance of human antitumor immune responses is not well known, and few target antigens have been identified.This study was designed to determine the frequency of antibodies reactive against extracts of autologous tumor cell lines and to correlate these data with survival.Serum samples were obtained from 40 lung cancer patients treated on National Cancer Institute protocols. These sera were used as probes in immunoblots against protein extracts from tumor cell lines derived from each of these patients.We detected serum antibodies against autologous tumor cell proteins in 21 (58%) of the 36 patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and three (75%) of the four with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Two patients' sera detected the p53 tumor suppressor gene product and two detected the product of the HuD gene (associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes) in their autologous tumor cell lysates. SCLC patients with antibodies against autologous tumor cell proteins had improved survivals compared with those in the antibody-negative group (P = .059). All patients who lived longer than 36 weeks were antitumor antibody positive. Sera from six (86%) of seven patients with limited disease were positive for antibodies that reacted against autologous tumor cells, compared with 15 of 29 (52%) of sera from patients with extensive disease.Our results suggest that the sera from patients with SCLC frequently contain antibodies against tumor cell proteins and that these antibodies are associated with improved survival.These data suggest that an antitumor immune response may affect tumor growth, and that the anonymous proteins detected by antitumor antibodies in lung cancer patient sera may represent proteins involved in the development of lung cancer or in its clinical manifestations.
Respiratory changes in two groups of flax workers with different exposure pattern
Authors: E. Zuskin, F. Valic
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Zuskin, E., and Valić, F. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 579-583. <b>Respiratory changes in two groups of flax workers with different exposure pattern.</b> A high mean total concentration of flax particles (16·9 mg/m<sup>3</sup>), of which about 20% were of respirable size, caused a high prevalence of bysinosis (69·9%) in 55 non-smoking female workers exposed to biologically retted flax over an average period of 11 years. A significant mean FEV<sub>1·0</sub> decrease over the first work shift after the weekend break was recorded in both byssinotics and non-byssinotics but was more pronounced in the former. The mean acute FEV<sub>1·0</sub> reductions over a work shift were smaller on the third than on the first day in the week. Significant decreases in FEV<sub>1·0</sub> and in maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% of vital capacity over the Monday work shift were recorded in a group of 17 seasonal male workers who had been exposed to flax for only two to three months each year for no more than three years. A high prevalence of chronic cough, chronic sputum production, and chronic bronchitis was found in the female flax workers, especially among the byssinotics.
Comparison of Prophylactic Oophorectomy Specimens From Carriers and Noncarriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Gene Mutation
Authors: J. F. Stratton, C. H. Buckley, D. Lowe, B. A. J. Ponder
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

BACKGROUND: The natural history of ovarian cancer is not well understood and, to date, there is conflicting evidence as to whether or not there is a demonstrable precursor lesion. Some women at high risk of developing ovarian cancer because of their family history elect to have a prophylactic oophorectomy. To determine whether or not a recognizable premalignant lesion could be defined in familial ovarian carcinogenesis, we reviewed ovarian tissue specimens from women whose ovaries were removed prophylactically before gene testing became available and who were tested subsequently for BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. METHODS: We analyzed ovarian tissue specimens from 37 women. The specimens were examined for the presence of the following four features: inclusion cysts, clefts and fissures, ovarian epithelial metaplasia, and the presence of papillae on the ovarian surface epithelium. The specimens were also examined closely for the presence of dysplasia and occult neoplasia. Furthermore, the occurrence of endometriosis and benign ovarian tumors was documented in these women. The protein truncation test, nonradioactive single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis, and heteroduplex analysis, followed by DNA sequencing, were used to identify BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in either blood samples or ovarian tissue specimens. RESULTS: Eleven women had inherited a mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene; 26 women had not. There was no difference between these groups for any of the features studied. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that many of the histologic "abnormalities" described in "normal" ovaries are, in fact, variations of the normal and are not associated with the development of cancer.
Ga-67 Scintigraphy and Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients with AIDS
Authors: SABAH S. TUMEH, JOHN S. BELVILLE, ROBERT PUGATCH, BARBARA J. McNEIL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A prospective evaluation of Ga-67 scintigraphy and transmission computed tomography was performed in 70 consecutive patients with AIDS who were suspected of having Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Studies were evaluated independently by two observers. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted. Although scintigraphy had a higher true-positive ratio at any false-positive ratio, statistically the areas under the two receiver operating characteristic curves were not significantly different. However, at an FP rate of 15% to 20% (one in the clinically reasonable range), the sensitivity for scintigraphy was 0.84 and for CT 0.80; corresponding specificities were 0.82 and 0.64, respectively, for the two modalities. It seems from these data that gallium imaging is probably superior to CT in detecting P. carinii pneumonia in this group of patients.
Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation for severe postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Philippe Menasché, Albert A Hagège, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, Michel Desnos, Eric Abergel, Bruno Pouzet, Alain Bel, Sorin Sarateanu, Marcio Scorsin, Ketty Schwartz, Patrick Bruneval, Marc Benbunan, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Denis Duboc
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Order for Ukrainian activist to undergo psychiatric assessment is "harassment," says Amnesty
Authors: A. Cole
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A Ukrainian trade union activist has been ordered to undergo a psychiatric examination because of what prosecutors call “an excessive awareness of his own and others’ rights.”

Amnesty International, which has taken up his case, has called on the Ukrainian authorities to halt a process that has nothing to do with mental health. The head of the Ukraine Psychiatric Association has also expressed concern.

Andrei Bondarenko, who is planning to appeal to the country’s supreme court, has no record of mental illness but has been campaigning for the rights of workers in …
Mycobacterium avium complex infection limited to the skin in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: H. KAKINUMA, H. SUZUKI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

We describe a case of Mycobacterium avium infection of the skin in a 51 -year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. Two lesions were treated with a combination of oral tetracycline or minocycline and hyperthermia using a portable warmer. One subsequently healed, leaving an atrophic scar, but the other lesion persisted, and was eventually excised.
AN APPARATUS FOR THE INJECTION AND LAVAGE OF THE PELVES OF THE KIDNEYS AND THE URETERS
Authors: G. J. THOMAS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In using a syringe or any other apparatus which has a pressure device to force fluid into the kidneys there is always danger of renal overdistention and colic.In a few instances large hydronephrotic kidneys have been ruptured by this overdistention by the pressure method.Apparatus for the injection and lavage of the pelves of the kidneys and the ureters : a, control screw for raising or lowering single buret ; b, Y-tube ; c, tube for draining unused colloidal silver solution.
PENTRAXIN 3 IS INVOLVED IN PATHOGENESIS OF UNSTABLE PLAQUE ASSOCIATED WITH INTRAPLAQUE HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Yunosuke Matsuura, Takuroh Imamura, Kinta Hatakeyama, Yoshisato Shibata, Tatsuhiko Kodama, Kazuo Kitamura, Yujiro Asada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Resolutions of the New York County Medical Association.
Authors: M. C. O'Brien
Journal: JAMA (1897)

New York, Aug. 13, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The comprehensive and emphatic letter signed "Justitia," published on page 89 of theJournal, July 10, comments upon a peculiar and unusual condition of affairs medical in New York city, and while Justitia would appear to be impartial, I am certain he wishes to be correct as well. I therefore quote part of line eight of the first resolution, viz., "was<i>vicious</i>in principle," etc., which should read "was wrong in principle," etc., as recorded in the minutes of that meeting. Readers of the Journal will appreciate the difference in the terms. Recording Secretary New York County Medical Association.
Maintenance Hemodialysis-Reply
Authors: Andrew Peter Lundin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  Whether or not hypertension and an elevated calcium-phosphate product are truly independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients is a point fairly made. It is apparent that patients who are hypertensive are also more likely to have an elevated calcium-phosphate product, because they are noncompliant. That these factors are otherwise connected is unlikely. Even if hypertension in azotemic patients is controlled by drug therapy, failure to take unpalatable and constipating phosphate binders could still permit a sustained elevated product and metastatic calcification. When present together in the same patient, the negative effect on the cardiovascular system may be synergistic.  Related to hypertension or not, an elevated calcium-phosphate product is certainly abnormal, and the lack of any statistical correlation with pathological damage should not preempt vigorous attempts at controlling this abnormality or any others when nontoxic therapy is available.  Nephrologists are aware that the control of these
A phase 2 study of high-dose lenalidomide as initial therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Todd A. Fehniger, Geoffrey L. Uy, Kathryn Trinkaus, Alissa D. Nelson, Jeffery Demland, Camille N. Abboud, Amanda F. Cashen, Keith E. Stockerl-Goldstein, Peter Westervelt, John F. DiPersio, Ravi Vij
Journal: Blood (2010)
Identification of Distinct Ligands for the C-type Lectin Receptors Mincle and Dectin-2 in the Pathogenic Fungus Malassezia
Authors: Tetsuaki Ishikawa, Fumie Itoh, Sayumi Yoshida, Shinobu Saijo, Tetsuhiro Matsuzawa, Tohru Gonoi, Takashi Saito, Yoshio Okawa, Nobuyuki Shibata, Tomofumi Miyamoto, Sho Yamasaki
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Concerted effort is needed to tackle health burden of sciatica and back pain
Authors: J. C. T. Fairbank
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Martin Davies’s account of his experience of spinal injury is all too familiar to spine surgeons, reflecting the inadequacy of current NHS spinal services.1 I am sure Mr Davies would be happier if his intervention could have been discussed much sooner than it was, however poor the outcome.

Back pain has ranked top in two cycles …
Erratum: “Long‐term effect of the complement inhibitor eculizumab on kidney function in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinura” by Hillmen et al., <i>Am J Hematol</i> 553–559, 2010, DOI number 21757
Authors: Peter Hillmen, Modupe Elebute, Richard Kelly, Alvaro Urbano‐Ispizua, Anita Hill, Russell P. Rother, Gus Khursigara, Chieh‐Lin Fu, Mitsuhiro Omine, Paul Browne, Wendell Rosse
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

In the above mentioned article, several errors occurred and are corrected below. In the labeling of Figure 1, page 555. The term “Eculizumab Treatment” should not appear at the top of the figure. The corrected figure is shown. On page 553 in the Abstract line 6, “Renal dysfunction or damage was observed in 65% of the study population…” should read “Renal dysfunction or damage was observed in 64% of the study population….” On page 555 line 2, “Renal dysfunction or damage was a common finding in patients with PNH as 65% of the study population … .” Should read “Renal dysfunction or damage was a common finding in patients with PNH as 64% of the study population … .” On page 557 line 5, “Because of the recognized high incidence (65%) of renal dysfunction… .” Should read “Because of the recognized high incidence (64%) of renal dysfunction… .” We apologize for any confusion these errors might have caused.
We don't have a computer
Authors: P J Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1991)

primary care setting is the cornerstone of community psychiatry."4This should particularly be true in the United Kingdom with its tradition of comprehensive general practice.Current plans for future psychiatric services include community services devolving from psychiatric hospital units.True community and primary care initiatives are the exception.Though the Griffiths report envis- aged primary care doctors taking on the role of key worker for patients with chronic mental illness,' in one survey only 16% of general practitioners said that they would agree to act as key workers while the rest said that they would prefer community psychiatric nurses to do so."It should be possible for general practitioners to be funded to establish registers of patients with chronic mental illness and to provide much of the care they require-social and welfare needs as well as physical care.Much of this work could be done by practice based community psychiatric nurses, again if funding was provided.Psychiatrists could then take the role of a true consultant, working increasingly in primary care, helping to coordinate services, and concentrating their efforts on the most needy cases.In this way continuity of care could be improved and services would be more accessible and acceptable to patients.
An "Un-round" and Erroneous Approximation
Authors: CONSTANTINE H. MAKRIS
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  In a recent article, An Unusual Reaction to Chloroquine-Primaquine (235:1719, 1976), the metric equivalent of 2 oz is given as 56.7 gm. Since the authors mean, evidently, 2 fluid ounces, the correct equivalent is 59.14 ml.The Journal'sdecision to allow parenthetical use of English measurements if the measurements were originally done in English units defeats the whole idea of metrication and leads to very unround figures, as in this case (since the authors speak of approximate amount). The simpler way would have been to say, approximately 60 ml of alcohol.
Consultants show growing frustration with the NHS
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Britain's senior hospital doctors last week showed their increasing anger about changes in the NHS - but drew back from setting off down a path to withdraw their services. Although a motion at their annual conference to explore ways of withdrawing services and selling them back to the NHS was narrowly defeated - by 58 votes to 56 - the frustration felt by the consultants at the consequences of the 1991 NHS reforms is growing. When a similar proposal was debated last year only a few voted in favour.

The underlying concern among both supporters and …
The Prevalence of NIDDM and Associated Coronary Risk Factors in Mexico City
Authors: Carlos Posadas-Romero, Liria Yamamoto-Kimura, Israel Lerman-Garber, José Zamora-Gonzalez, Arturo Fajardo-Gutierrez, Leora Velazquez, Guillermo Cardoso-Saldaña
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

To determine the prevalence of diabetes and associated coronary risk factors in the Mexico City population.A sample of 805 adults was selected from Mexico City. The participants, 20-90 years of age and living in the city, were selected by the method of multistage cluster sampling with proportional allocation. Diabetes was diagnosed by previous history or if fasting blood glucose was > or = 7.8 mmol/l ( > or = 7.8 mmol/l ( > or = 140 mg/dl).The crude rate prevalence of NIDDM was 8.7%, with an age-adjusted rate of 10.6% for women and 6.0% for men. Age strongly influenced diabetes prevalence, with a chi 2 of risk tendency of 39.1 (P < 0.00005). A significant proportion (5.9%) of younger individuals (35-44 years of age) was affected by the disease. Diabetes was associated with advanced age, had a greater impact in the low-income group, and showed increased odds ratio for hypertension, dyslipidemias, and myocardial infarction in men and women and for obesity only in women.There is a high prevalence of NIDDM in Mexico City that also strikes a significant group of younger individuals. Associated coronary risk factors are also common and more prevalent in diabetic individuals. Current epidemiological data in Mexico and Mexican-Americans in the U.S. suggest that we may be on the ascending limb for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. There is a critical need for resources to be allocated to programs for primary and secondary prevention, which must be well structured and organized so that proper standards of care are followed to prevent progression of the disease.
Dx + Rx: A Physician's Guide to Medical Writing
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<b>The Careful Writer: A Modern Guide to English Usage,</b>by Theodore M. Bernstein, 487 pp, paper, $7.95, New York, Atheneum, 1977. Dr Dirckx has already published one book on language,<i>The Language of Medicine</i>(<i>JAMA</i>235:2656, 1976). In this earlier volume, he dissected the English language as it pertained to medicine and, in rather discursive fashion, cast a great deal of light on the structure, growth, and byways of English. The present work has a more precise orientation, directed to the improvement of medical writing. Dirckx, concerned with technical communication and not with belles lettres, intends a practical approach to the needs of physicians. He has divided the book into three parts that he calls respectively the anatomy, the physiology, and the pathology of language. The first part, comprising two chapters, provides a readable and interesting introduction to linguistics. The second section is, however, a hybrid. It gives a splendid
A Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Pentylenetetrazol (Metrazol) with Hard-Core Hospitalized Psychogeriatric Patients
Authors: BERNARD A. STOTSKY, JONATHAN O. COLE, LEIGH-MIN LU, CELIA M. SNIFFIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

An 18-week double-blind crossover study of 61 "hard core" geriatric patients with organic brain syndrome compared the efficacy of pentylenetetrazol (Metrazol) with placebo, using a dosage level of 600 mg. per day. Five rating instruments were administered at the beginning, the crossover point, and the end of the study. The results demonstrated no superiority of Metrazol over placebo. Women improved more than men under both conditions. The sequence of administration of medications was not significant. Side effects were noted in only 15 percent of patients on Metrazol and eight percent on placebo.
Leeds paediatric cardiac care was safe but not compassionate, report says
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The families of 16 children born with serious heart defects did not receive the compassion and support they deserved from Leeds General Infirmary, a review commissioned by NHS England has found.1

In stories described by NHS England deputy medical director Mike Bewick as “harrowing,” parents said they felt pressured to have terminations, were treated coldly and without empathy, and in some cases were not told that their children’s treatment was merely palliative.

But children’s cardiac surgery services, which were suspended briefly in March 2013 after concerns were raised about mortality figures, are safe, a second strand of the review has concluded. An independent examination of 35 deaths between 2009 …
Successful use of a fully covered metal stent for refractory bleeding from a duodenal cancer
Authors: Hsu-Heng Yen, Yang-Yuan Chen, Pei-Yuan Su
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 69-year-old man visited our emergency department because of the intermittent passage of tarry stool. At endoscopy, an ulcerated, oozing mass was found in the third portion of the duodenum ([Fig. 1]). Furthermore, abdominal computed tomography revealed multiple hepatic tumors and a duodenal tumor ([Fig. 2], arrow). Biopsy specimens from both sites revealed adenocarcinoma, and a diagnosis of duodenal cancer with multiple hepatic metastases was established. Despite the parenteral administration of proton pump inhibitor therapy, the passage of tarry stools persisted, and the patient was dependent on transfusions. Four attempts at endoscopic therapy, including argon plasma coagulation and epinephrine injection, all failed to control the bleeding. The patient was not considered for surgery because of unresectable malignancy. He was put on parenteral nutrition, but the bleeding continued for a month.