tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in the natural history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-negative lymphoproliferative disorders: Impact of novel therapies
Authors: Julio García-Suárez, Dunia de Miguel, Isabel Krsnik, Helena Bañas, Ignacio Arribas, Carmen Burgaleta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical characteristics of HIV-negative patients affected by lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), to delineate the risk factors, and to analyze whether the new antineoplastic therapies are changing the natural history of this infectious disease. We retrospectively analyzed 46 cases with confirmed LPD-associated PML published from 1958 to 2004. Patients were stratified according to two different time periods: group A included patients diagnosed before 1989, and group B included patients diagnosed since 1990, after introduction of purine analogues. Group A patients (n = 22) had received alkylating agents and/or radiotherapy, and the majority (63.6%) had advanced Hodgkin disease. At univariate analysis, uncontrolled Hodgkin disease was the only risk factor for PML. In group B patients (n = 24), the most frequent treatments received were purine analogues (58.3%) and high-dose therapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (33.3%; HDT/HSCT). B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (45.8%) and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (24.9%) were the most frequent underlying LPDs. Patients treated with purine analogues were more likely to have active LPD, lower CD4 cell counts, and to be older and male than were HSCT recipients. The median interval from purine analogues or HDT/HSCT to PML was 11 months. In HDT/HSCT recipients, this interval was delayed for 10 months when peri-transplantation rituximab was used. Univariate analysis identified age >55 years, male sex, and CD4 cell counts ≤0.2 × 109/L as risk factors for PML in patients treated with purine analogues. Mortality rates were 95.4% (group A patients), 90% (purine analogues), and 62.5% (HDT/HSCT recipients). At univariate analysis, the only factor that significantly correlated with recovery from infection was female sex. Our findings indicate (1) the possible reduction in reported cases associated with Hodgkin disease and the increasing number of published cases associated with the new antineoplastic therapies (purine analogues and HDT/HSCT); (2) among patients treated with purine analogues, PML is more common in male patients with CD4 cell counts ≤0.2 × 109/L; (3) the use of rituximab after HDT/HSCT seems to delay the onset of PML; and (4) the prognosis is slightly better in transplant recipients. Am. J. Hematol. 80:271–281, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
P2-224: A multicenter phase II randomized study of paclitaxel (P) and carboplatin (C) versus oral vinorelbine (oV) and carboplatin (C) as second-line treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pretreated with non-platinum based chemotherapy
Authors: A Agelidou, S Agelaki, V Chandrinos, A Polyzos, M Agelidou, P Papakotoulas, N Kentepozidis, S Giassas, K Kalbakis, V Georgoulias
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
URINARY DISCOLORATION RESULTING FROM CHEWING A BLUE BLOTTER
Authors: Francis A. Faught
Journal: JAMA (1927)

L. Y., a girl, aged 11, was put to bed by her observing mother because she noticed that the child was passing a bluish-green urine. After twenty-four hours' observation the urine was still discolored. As the urine remained discolored for more than twenty-four hours, the mother became more alarmed and sent for me. The appearance of the urine was quite characteristic of that of patients taking methylene blue. Careful questioning disclosed the fact that the child had the habit of chewing paper while reading, and she finally admitted that during the past two days, while reading a book, she consumed part of a blue blotter. Investigation of the dye industry in relation to the pigments used in blue blotters disclosed the fact that colors other than methylene blue or direct blue are rarely used on account of their relatively high cost, and since a portion of this blotter responded
548 Sustained response in chronic hepatitis C reduces the risk to develop impaired fasting glucose and/or diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: M. Romero-Gomez, C.M. Fernandez-Rodriguez, S. Alonso, J.A. Pons, P. Lopez-Serrano, M.L. Gutierrez, C. Perez, R. Temiño, P. Garcia, L. Grande, M. Diago
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
The Cost of Outpatient Physicians' Services at a Veterans Administration Hospital
Authors: PHILIP C. REILLY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The cost of an average outpatient visit to a physician at a Veterans Administration hospital in 1976 was estimated from hospital records to have been $80.35 ($104.46 in 1979 dollars). When productivity was used to measure relative cost, cost per visit ranged from a low of $32.66 (1979: $42.46) for hypertension clinic to a high of $243.48 (1979; $316.52) for hematology clinic. The average patient was seen 12.6 times annually at a cost of $1012 (1979: $1315). The major cost category for a physician visit was salaries, with nonphysician salaries costing twice as much as physician salaries. The cost of medical equipment was minimal. The findings suggest that the outpatient bookkeeping system was inadequate for cost accounting, the cost per visit was expensive, there were an excessive number of visits, and problems in the institutional delivery system of ambulatory care lowered productivity of physicians.
The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry
Authors: Philip E. Veenhuis
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4439: A reversibly self-crosslinking nano-carrier system for efficient anticancer drug delivery
Authors: Yuanpei Li, Kai Xiao, Juntao Luo, Wenwu Xiao, Joyce Lee, Kit S. Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract It is known that the intracellular concentration of glutathione (GSH) is substantially higher than that in the cellular exterior (∼10 mM vs ∼2 μM) and many types of tumor cells have an elevated GSH level compared to normal cells. This dramatic variation of the GSH concentration provides an opportunity for designing tumor specific drug delivery systems. Most of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in clinic suffer from severe dose-limiting side effects. In order to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and minimum the side effect of these drugs, we developed a stable and efficient nano-carrier drug delivery system based on the disulfide crosslinked micelles comprise of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and dendritic oligmers of cholic acids and cysteines. Various poorly water-soluble anticancer drugs can be efficiently incorporated inside these polymeric nano-carriers. The nano-carriers are stabilized by disulfide bridges in the core to avoid premature release of the loaded drugs during circulation. After reaching the tumor sites via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the nano-carriers will disassemble to release the core-loaded drugs upon the cleavage of disulfide bridges under reductive conditions following the intracellular uptake or triggered by additional reducing agents. The crosslinked nano-carriers were spherical with a uniform size of 30 ± 5 nm, and can load paclitaxel (PTX) in the core with drug loading content up to 35% (w/w). Cross-linking of the nano-carriers within the core reduced their critical aggregate concentration and greatly enhanced their stability in non-reductive physiological conditions. The release of PTX from the crosslinked nano-carriers was significantly slower than that from non-crosslinked nano-carriers and can be gradually facilitated in a reducing environment. The fluorescence intensity of BODIPY 650/665 (near infrared dye) labeled disulfide crosslinked nano-carriers sustained up to 24 hours within the blood stream of nude mice while that of non-crosslinked nano-carriers decreased faster and fell into the background level within 8 hours post injection. Targeted drug delivery to tumor site with these crosslinked nano-carriers was demonstrated by near infrared fluorescence imaging in nude mice bearing ovarian cancer xenograft. The nano-formulation of PTX was found to be less toxic than its free drug form in nude mice. We further demonstrated the crosslinked nano-formulation of PTX was more efficacious than both free drug and non-crosslinked nano-formulation of PTX in ovarian cancer xenograft model. This new class of nano-therapeutics shows great promise in the future cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4439. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4439
An open-label study to evaluate sildenafil for the treatment of lymphatic malformations
Authors: Christina Danial, Andrea L. Tichy, Umar Tariq, Glenda L. Swetman, Phuong Khuu, Thomas H. Leung, Latanya Benjamin, Joyce Teng, Shreyas S. Vasanawala, Alfred T. Lane
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
PWE-033 Comprehensive assessment of outcomes including costs and survival in younger vs older patients undergoing surgical management of oesophageal cancer
Authors: S R Markar, A Karthikesalingam, D Low
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The aim of this study was to compare disease presentation, clinical and pathological staging, peri-operative outcome, costs and long-term survival of patients 50 years and under (≤50), and those over 50 (&gt;50) undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal malignancy. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients undergoing oesophagectomy by a single surgeon for cancer between 1991 and 2011 had information prospectively entered in an IRB-approved database. These two groups were compared for symptomatic presentation that is, length of dysphagia and degree of weight loss, clinical and pathologic stage, neoadjuvant therapy, medical co-morbidities, operative outcomes including complications, treatment costs and survival. <h3>Results</h3> In total 493 patients underwent surgical resection for oesophageal malignancy from 1991 to 2011. 58 of these patients were ≤50 yrs (44±4.7), and 435 patients were &gt; 50 years (67±8.44). Younger patients demonstrated an increased likelihood for delayed presentation as shown by an increased length of dysphagia (5.79±13.19 vs 3.4±6.97 months) and increased weight loss (14.69±21.12 vs 10.13±14.55 lbs). Older patients typically presented with more cardiac comorbidities. Clinical stage was similar, the younger cohort of patients demonstrated a significantly increased incidence of adenocarcinoma (93.1% vs 82.53%) and Signet ring pathology (10.34% vs 6.44%). Treatment approach was similar except younger patients were more likely to receive neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for stage IIA disease (53.85% vs 27.1%) and chemotherapy alone for stage IIB (42.86% vs 11.11%). Length of operation, blood loss, transfusion requirements and length of hospital stay were similar for both groups. However, patients ≤50 years demonstrated significantly shorter Intensive care unit stay (1.43±1.08 vs 2.08±2.59 days), reduced incidence of post-operative complications (29.31% vs 48.51%) and in subset analysis reduced overall cost ($20 133±7048 vs $23 921±10 787). No significant difference was noted in final pathological stage, incidence of complete response to therapy or positive resection margins. Average follow-up was approximately 4 years in the ≤50 age group and 3.5 years in the &gt;50 age group with no difference noted in 5-year survival (46.15% vs 38.33% (p=0.35). Log-rank testing also showed no difference between under 50 and over 50 age groups for all cause mortality during the study period (χ<sup>2</sup> 0.432; p=0.511). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates younger patients have fewer complications and less overall treatment costs following oesophagectomy. In spite of having a more delayed presentation, and a higher incidence of adenocarcinoma younger patients presented with a similar stage and demonstrated similar overall survival. <h3>Competing interests</h3> S Markar Grant/Research Support from: Ryan Hill Research Foundation, A Karthikesalingam: None declared, D Low: None declared.
Twenty-one years of beating beta-lactamases.
Authors: F W O'Grady
Journal: BMJ (1982)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. NAFLD can range from simple steatosis to the aggressive form called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by both fatty liver and liver inflammation. Without proper treatment, NAFLD may further progress to lifethreatening complications, such as fibrosis, cirrhosis or liver failure. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1, alias Regnase 1) is a negative regulator of inflammation, acting through the cleavage of transcripts coding for proinflammatory cytokines and the inhibition of NFκB activity. In this study, we investigated MCPIP1 expression in the liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from a cohort of 36 control and NAFLD patients hospitalized due to bariatric surgery or primary inguinal hernia laparoscopic repair. Based on liver histology data (H&amp;E and Oil Red O staining), 12 patients were classified into the nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) group, 19 into the NASH group and 5 into the control (non-NAFLD) group. Biochemical characterization of patient plasma was followed by expression analysis of genes regulating inflammation and lipid metabolism. The MCPIP1 protein level was reduced in the livers of NAFL and NASH patients in comparison to non-NAFLD control individuals. Additionally, in all groups of patients, immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of MCPIP1 was higher in the portal fields and bile ducts in comparison to the liver parenchyma and central vein. The liver MCPIP1 protein level negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis but not with patient BMI or any other analyte. The MCPIP1 level in PBMCs did not differ between NAFLD patients and control patients. Similarly, in patients’ PBMCs there were no differences in the expression of genes regulating β-oxidation (<i>ACOX1</i>, <i>CPT1A</i>, and <i>ACC1</i>) and inflammation (<i>TNF</i>, <i>IL1B</i>, <i>IL6</i>, <i>IL8</i>, <i>IL10</i>, and <i>CCL2</i>), or transcription factors controlling metabolism (<i>FAS</i>, <i>LCN2</i>, <i>CEBPB</i>, <i>SREBP1</i>, <i>PPARA</i>, and <i>PPARG</i>). We have demonstrated that MCPIP1 protein levels are reduced in NAFLD patients, but further research is needed to investigate the specific role of MCPIP1 in NAFL initiation and the transition to NASH.
Voluntary Sterilization in Utah
Authors: Ira Lubell
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article on "Voluntary Sterilization" by Angela Roddy Holder, JD (225:1743, 1973), it was stated that voluntary sterilization was legal in all states except Utah. Voluntary sterilization is certainly legal in Utah, as in the other 49 states. The legislation of voluntary sterilization has been a goal of the Association for Voluntary Sterilization for years, and is now accomplished.
444 SOX4 OVEREXPRESSION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA INHIBITS P53 TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY THROUGH IN INTERACTION WITH P53
Authors: S.K. Yoon, W.H. Hur, S.H. Bae, J.Y. Choi, J.M. Yang, N.I. Han, C.W. Kim, C.D. Lee, J.W. Jang, S.W. Choi, Y.S. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
THE PHARMACOPEIAL VERSUS THE PROPRIETARY MATERIA MEDICA.ADDRESS IN BEHALF OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION.
Authors: JOSEPH P. REMINGTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In tendering the congratulations of this delegation it would seem appropriate to present to this body, in behalf of the American Pharmaceutical Association, a few facts bearing on recent advances and on legislation, national and state, which are of the greatest importance to both professions. The association which I have the honor to represent was founded in 1852, and, notwithstanding its noble record of achievement, it is remarkable that it has taken over fifty years of existence before the adoption of one plan of enlarging its usefulness and developing its resources; i. e., the establishment of branch organizations in the various centers of population in the United States one of the wisest policies which has been adopted successfully, by the branches, is the enlistment of the interest of physicians in matters pharmaceutical, and during the last year many valuable meetings have been held, and the discussions have been reported largely
Non–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B in the Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease in Men
Authors: Tobias Pischon, Cynthia J. Girman, Frank M. Sacks, Nader Rifai, Meir J. Stampfer, Eric B. Rimm
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Apolipoprotein B (apoB) plasma levels reflect the concentration of proatherogenic lipoproteins very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), whereas non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) levels reflect the concentration of cholesterol transported by these particles. Methods and Results— The aim of our study was to compare apoB, non–HDL-C, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and other lipid markers as predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a nested case-control study among 18 225 participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Among men who were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease at the time of blood collection, 266 had nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD during 6 years of follow-up. Through the use of risk set sampling, control subjects were selected at a 2:1 ratio and matched with regard to age, date of blood collection, and smoking status. After adjustment for matching factors, the relative risk of CHD in the highest quintile compared with the lowest quintile was 2.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66 to 4.58) for non–HDL-C, 3.01 (95% CI, 1.81 to 5.00) for apoB, 1.81 (95% CI, 1.12 to 2.93) for LDL-C, 0.31 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.52) for HDL-C, 2.41 (95% CI, 1.43 to 4.07) for triglycerides (all P trend &lt;0.001), and 1.42 (95% CI, 0.86 to 2.32, P trend =0.19) for lipoprotein(a). When non–HDL-C and LDL-C were mutually adjusted, only non–HDL-C was predictive of CHD. When non–HDL-C and apoB were mutually adjusted, only apoB was predictive; the relative risk was 4.18 (95% CI, 1.30 to 13.49; P trend =0.02) for apoB compared with 0.70 (95% CI, 0.21 to 2.27; P trend =0.72) for non–HDL-C. Triglycerides added significant information to non–HDL-C but not to apoB for CHD risk prediction. Conclusions— Although non–HDL-C and apoB were both strong predictors of CHD in this male cohort, more so than LDL-C, the findings support the concept that the plasma concentration of atherogenic lipoprotein particles measured by apoB is more predictive in development of CHD than the cholesterol carried by these particles, measured by non–HDL-C.
"TREND OF THE WASSERMANN TEST"
Authors: Anna I. van Saun
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, May 5, there was an editorial comment on the trend of the Wassermann test. I think that all present day serologists of experience are agreed that positive Wassermann reactions are not obtained when syphilis does not exist if the tests are made by properly trained persons in well equipped laboratories.  In November, 1917, while serologist at the New York State Laboratory in Albany, I published an article in the Journal of Medical Research , entitled The Wassermann Reaction With Diabetic Sera. At that time it was contended that serums from patients with diabetes gave positive Wassermann reactions. I tested seventy-three serums from patients with a known history of diabetes. Of these, only one serum gave a positive reaction, fifty-one were negative, two were doubtful, and with nineteen the serum controls failed to
Independent sector treatment centres: evidence so far
Authors: Allyson M Pollock, Sylvia Godden
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The government plans to continue using NHS funds to contract with commercial healthcare providers in the second phase of the independent sector treatment centre programme, but <b>Allyson M Pollock </b>and<b> Sylvia Godden</b> argue that no good evidence is available to support this policy
Ibrutinib is an irreversible molecular inhibitor of ITK driving a Th1-selective pressure in T lymphocytes
Authors: Jason A. Dubovsky, Kyle A. Beckwith, Gayathri Natarajan, Jennifer A. Woyach, Samantha Jaglowski, Yiming Zhong, Joshua D. Hessler, Ta-Ming Liu, Betty Y. Chang, Karilyn M. Larkin, Matthew R. Stefanovski, Danielle L. Chappell, Frank W. Frissora, Lisa L. Smith, Kelly A. Smucker, Joseph M. Flynn, Jeffrey A. Jones, Leslie A. Andritsos, Kami Maddocks, Amy M. Lehman, Richard Furman, Jeff Sharman, Anjali Mishra, Michael A. Caligiuri, Abhay R. Satoskar, Joseph J. Buggy, Natarajan Muthusamy, Amy J. Johnson, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2013)
Pox Acres on Old Cape Cod
Authors: Fred B. Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

NEW England has an advantage over some other American folklore regions in that its lore is part of a defined and documented tradition. All tradition, including folklore, is a matter of living memory in addition to written record. On Cape Cod, a site of early colonization in Massachusetts, memorials of folklore were fostered by regional provincialism. A blend of history and legend, these Yankee memorials have been collected by writers such as Elizabeth Reynard1 and Jeremiah Digges.2 The latter compiler, in his book, Cape Cod Pilot, published in 1937, cited the fear with which smallpox was once held in . . .
Dutch watch euthanasia on television
Authors: T Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A television documentary that shows a general practitioner carrying out voluntary euthanasia on a terminally ill patient provoked an international reaction within hours of being broadcast. Death on Request, by the religious broadcasting company IKON, broke new ground when, with the agreement of the patient and his wife, it included footage of the death itself.

Television companies from at least five countries, including Canada, France, and Germany, want to buy the film. IKON says that there has been much interest in the part of the documentary showing the death but that it will sell only the whole film. Senior editor Lejo Schenk …