tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impairment of cardiac function and energetics in experimental renal failure.
Authors: A E Raine, A M Seymour, A F Roberts, G K Radda, J G Ledingham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Cardiac function and energetics in experimental renal failure in the rat (5/6 nephrectomy) have been investigated by means of an isolated perfused working heart preparation and an isometric Langendorff preparation using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR). 4 wk after nephrectomy cardiac output of isolated hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) at all levels of preload and afterload in the renal failure groups than in the pair-fed sham operated control group. In control hearts, cardiac output increased with increases in perfusate calcium from 0.73 to 5.61 mmol/liter whereas uremic hearts failed in high calcium perfusate. Collection of 31P NMR spectra from hearts of renal failure and control animals during 30 min normoxic Langendorff perfusion showed that basal phosphocreatine was reduced by 32% to 4.7 mumol/g wet wt (P < 0.01) and the phosphocreatine to ATP ratio was reduced by 32% (P < 0.01) in uremic hearts. During low flow ischemia, there was a substantial decrease in phosphocreatine in the uremic hearts and an accompanying marked increase in release of inosine into the coronary effluent (14.9 vs 6.1 microM, P < 0.01). We conclude that cardiac function is impaired in experimental renal failure, in association with abnormal cardiac energetics and increased susceptibility to ischemic damage. Disordered myocardial calcium utilization may contribute to these derangements.
Impact of systolic hypertension and impedance lowering drugs on clinical outcomes in chronic severe aortic regurgitation
Authors: Phyllis G. Supino, Jeffrey S. Borer, Clare A. Hochreiter, Edmund M. Herrold, Richard B. Devereux, Mary J. Roman, Paul D. Kligfield, Elaine Dillingham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Extensive plaque psoriasis successfully treated with adalimumab (HumiraR)
Authors: M.J. Sladden, N.J. Mortimer, P.E. Hutchinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Extensive plaque psoriasis successfully treated with adalimumab (Humira®) Get access M.J. Sladden, M.J. Sladden Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. E‐mail: m.sladden@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.J. Mortimer, N.J. Mortimer Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. E‐mail: m.sladden@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E. Hutchinson P.E. Hutchinson Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. E‐mail: m.sladden@doctors.org.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 5, 1 May 2005, Pages 1091–1092, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06582.x Published: 01 May 2005
Hemorrhagic Panniculitis Caused by Delayed Microemboli From Intravascular Device
Authors: Curtis Lamar Hardy, Jonathan S. Glass, Timothy Sorrells, Luke C. Nicholas
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> The breakdown of previously inserted intravascular devices can lead to microemboli that can clinically mimic the symptoms of common disorders, such as senile purpura, and have subtle histologic findings. However, device failure can occur gradually and start months after placement. If not identified early, microemboli to noncutaneous sites can cause significant morbidity and mortality. <h3>Observations</h3> A woman in her 70s presented 6 months after a complex aortic aneurysm repair with several large ecchymoses radiating from firm subcutaneous nodules on the buttocks, arms, and thighs. Skin biopsy specimens revealed extensive hemorrhage and a panniculitis with sparse, subtle, intra-arteriole, gray amorphous deposits that, on analysis by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive radiography analysis and infrared spectrometry, were most consistent with a hydrophilic polymer. This type of hydrophilic polymer coats catheters and stents such as those used in aortic aneurysm repair. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This is an unusual case of microemboli from the polymer coating intra-arterial stents starting months after placement and causing a panniculitis. Prior observations show that polymers coating intravascular devices have the potential to break down gradually and long after the device’s placement, but clinical consideration for delayed microembolization is underrecognized until catastrophic impairment or death.
Interferon-Alpha Produces Sustained Cytogenetic Responses in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Moshe Talpaz, Hagop Kantarjian, Razelle Kurzrock, Jose M. Trujillo, Jordan U. Gutterman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency and the course of complete cytogenetic responses in interferon-alpha (IFN-α)-treated patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Design: Two prospective trials in consecutive patients. Setting: A major tertiary cancer center. Patients: Ninety-six consecutive patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia with disease duration of less than 1 year. Intervention: Patients received partially pure IFN-α intramuscularly, from 3 to 9 million U/d (51 patients) or recombinant IFN-α2a (Roferon, Hoffmann-LaRoche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey), 5 million U/m2 body surface area daily (45 patients). Measurements: Hematologic and cytogenetic tests were administered. Main Results: Seventy of the patients (73%) achieved hematologic remission (95% CI, 63% to 81%), and 18 (19%) had complete suppression of the Philadelphia chromosome on at least one cytogenetic test. A complete cytogenetic response was induced in 7 of 51 or 14% (CI, 6% to 26%) of the patients treated with the partially pure IFN-α and in 11 of 45 or 24% (CI, 13% to 40%) of the patients treated with recombinant IFN-α2a. The difference in complete cytogenetic response between the two groups was 10.7% (CI, - 5% to 26%; P > 0.2). Eleven patients had durable, ongoing, complete cytogenetic responses from 6 to more than 45 months (median, more than 30 months). Conclusion: This study was the first to show sustained, complete cytogenetic responses in a subset of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with single-agent therapy. The nature of this remission, that is, whether it depends on continuous therapy, requires further study.
Cbl-b Positively Regulates Btk-mediated Activation of Phospholipase C-γ2 in B Cells
Authors: Tomoharu Yasuda, Tohru Tezuka, Akito Maeda, Tetsuya Inazu, Yuji Yamanashi, Hua Gu, Tomohiro Kurosaki, Tadashi Yamamoto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

Genetic studies have revealed that Cbl-b plays a negative role in the antigen receptor–mediated proliferation of lymphocytes. However, we show that Cbl-b–deficient DT40 B cells display reduced phospholipase C (PLC)-γ2 activation and Ca2+ mobilization upon B cell receptor (BCR) stimulation. In addition, the overexpression of Cbl-b in WEHI-231 mouse B cells resulted in the augmentation of BCR-induced Ca2+ mobilization. Cbl-b interacted with PLC-γ2 and helped the association of PLC-γ2 with Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), as well as B cell linker protein (BLNK). Cbl-b was indispensable for Btk-dependent sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+. Both NH2-terminal tyrosine kinase-binding domain and COOH-terminal half region of Cbl-b were essential for its association with PLC-γ2 and the regulation of Ca2+ mobilization. These results demonstrate that Cbl-b positively regulates BCR-mediated Ca2+ signaling, most likely by influencing the Btk/BLNK/PLC-γ2 complex formation.
The vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene is reactivated during cardiac hypertrophy provoked by load.
Authors: F M Black, S E Packer, T G Parker, L H Michael, R Roberts, R J Schwartz, M D Schneider
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Cardiac hypertrophy triggered by mechanical load possesses features in common with growth factor signal transduction. A hemodynamic load provokes rapid expression of the growth factor-inducible nuclear oncogene, c-fos, and certain peptide growth factors specifically stimulate the "fetal" cardiac genes associated with hypertrophy, even in the absence of load. These include the gene encoding vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin, the earliest alpha-actin expressed during cardiac myogenesis; however, it is not known whether reactivation of the smooth muscle alpha-actin gene occurs in ventricular hypertrophy. We therefore investigated myocardial expression of the smooth muscle alpha-actin gene after hemodynamic overload. Smooth muscle alpha-actin mRNA was discernible 24 h after coarctation and was persistently expressed for up to 30 d. In hypertrophied hearts, the prevalence of smooth muscle alpha-actin gene induction was 0.909, versus 0.545 for skeletal muscle alpha-actin (P less than 0.05). Ventricular mass after 2 d or more of aortic constriction was more highly correlated with smooth muscle alpha-actin gene activation (r = 0.852; P = 0.0001) than with skeletal muscle alpha-actin (r = 0.532; P = 0.009); P less than 0.0005 for the difference in the correlation coefficients. Thus, smooth muscle alpha-actin is a molecular marker of the presence and extent of pressure-overload hypertrophy, whose correlation with cardiac growth at least equals that of skeletal alpha-actin. Induction of smooth muscle alpha-actin was delayed and sustained after aortic constriction, whereas the nuclear oncogenes c-jun and junB were expressed rapidly and transiently, providing potential dimerization partners for transcriptional control by c-fos.
Lower Rates of Heart Failure and Death in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Richard M. Cubbon, Christopher P. Gale, Peter J. Grant, Alistair S. Hall, Mark T. Kearney
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CUTANEOUS REACTIONS IN RABBITS TO THE TYPE-SPECIFIC CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: Thomas Francis, William S. Tillett
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

The injection of the type-specific capsular polysaccharides of Pneumococcus Types I, II and III into the skin of rabbits, actively or passively immunized to one of these types of Pneumococcus, elicits a type-specific cutaneous reaction. The form of reaction resembles that described by Arthus. The reaction is produced only when type-specific precipitins for the homologous polysaccharide are demonstrable in the blood of the rabbit. In 84 per cent of actively immunized rabbits, the serum of which contained type-specific precipitins, a reaction was elicited. A positive result was obtained in 100 per cent of rabbits passively immunized with antipneumococcus horse serum whereas, attempts passively to transfer reactivity from immune rabbit to normal rabbit were unsuccessful. The recipients, in the latter group, possessed no demonstrable circulating type-specific precipitins. The reaction produced by specific capsular carbohydrates is always associated with a well grounded type-specific immunity. A brief summary of the relation of hypersensitiveness and immunity to pneumococcus is given.
Dexamethasone and Risk of Nausea and Vomiting and Postoperative Bleeding After Tonsillectomy in Children
Authors: Christoph Czarnetzki
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Dexamethasone is widely used to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric tonsillectomy.To assess whether dexamethasone dose-dependently reduces the risk of PONV at 24 hours after tonsillectomy.Randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted among 215 children undergoing elective tonsillectomy at a major public teaching hospital in Switzerland from February 2005 to December 2007.Children were randomly assigned to receive dexamethasone (0.05, 0.15, or 0.5 mg/kg) or placebo intravenously after induction of anesthesia. Acetaminophen-codeine and ibuprofen were given as postoperative analgesia. Follow-up continued until the 10th postoperative day.The primary end point was prevention of PONV at 24 hours; secondary end points were decrease in the need for ibuprofen at 24 hours and evaluation of adverse effects.At 24 hours, 24 of 54 participants who received placebo (44%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 31%-59%) had experienced PONV compared with 20 of 53 (38%; 95% CI, 25%-52%), 13 of 54 (24%; 95% CI, 13%-38%), and 6 of 52 (12%; 95% CI, 4%-23%) who received dexamethasone at 0.05, 0.15, and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively (P<.001 for linear trend). Children who received dexamethasone received significantly less ibuprofen. There were 26 postoperative bleeding episodes in 22 children. Two of 53 (4%; 95% CI, 0.5%-13%) children who received placebo had bleeding compared with 6 of 53 (11%; 95% CI, 4%-23%), 2 of 51 (4%; 95% CI, 0.5%-13%), and 12 of 50 (24%; 95% CI, 13%-38%) who received dexamethasone at 0.05, 0.15, and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively (P = .003). Dexamethasone, 0.5 mg/kg, was associated with the highest bleeding risk (adjusted relative risk, 6.80; 95% CI, 1.77-16.5). Eight children had to undergo emergency reoperation because of bleeding, all of whom had received dexamethasone. The trial was stopped early for safety reasons.In this study of children undergoing tonsillectomy, dexamethasone decreased the risk of PONV dose dependently but was associated with an increased risk of postoperative bleeding.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00403806.
Risk-Stratified Screening for Detection of Melanoma
Authors: Vernon K. Sondak, L. Frank Glass, Alan C. Geller
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of AIDS. Nursing care.
Authors: J Elliott
Journal: BMJ (1987)

At present we can offer neither an effective vaccine nor a cure to those Si<11|d& JilFJe ;1JX X suffering from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); therefore excellent nursing is ofparamount importance.True nursing is ~~' concerned with "care" rather than "cure," beginning with education and following through to terminal care and the support ofthose left behind.It can take place in the community, in hospitals and clinics, in hospices, or at home.Clearly, several people may be concerned in the care ofany one patient, and a multidisciplinary approach is required within an integrated inpatient and outpatient service.
AT-58 * JCOG0911 INTEGRA TRIAL: A RANDOMIZED SCREENING PHASE II TRIAL OF CHEMORADIOTHERAPY WITH INTERFERON PLUS TEMOZOLOMIDE VERSUS CHEMORADIOTHERAPY WITH TEMOZOLOMIDE ALONE FOR NEWLY-DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: T. Wakabayashi, A. Natsume, J. Mizusawa, H. Katayama, H. Fukuda, S. Shibui, M. J. BTSG
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Our lab experiments showed that interferonβ (IFNβ) markedly enhanced chemosensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ) via the down-regulation of MGMT transcription. Followed by phase I trial, INTEGRA trial investigated the efficacy of TMZ + IFNβ therapy by a randomized screening design as compared to standard TMZ in first-line of newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to decide whether TMZ/IFNβ should be evaluated in a succeeding confirmatory trial. METHODS: Patients were assigned to either the standard arm (RT/TMZ) or the experimental arm (RT/TMZ/IFNβ). Patients in RT/TMZ received RT (2.0 Gy/fr/day, 30 fr) with TMZ (75 mg/m2, daily) followed by adjuvant TMZ (100-200 mg/m2/day, days 1-5, every 4 weeks) for 2 years. Patients in RT/TMZ/IFNβ received IFNβ (3 MIU/body, alternate days during RT (induction) period and day 1, every 4 weeks during adjuvant period) intravenously, in addition to RT/TMZ. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The planned sample size was 120 in total with 1-sided alpha of 0.2 and power of 0.8. (clinical trial registry: UMIN-CTR:UMIN000003466). RESULTS: Between 2010 and 2012, 122 patients were randomized (63 RT/TMZ, 59 RT/TMZ/IFNβ ). Median OS in RT/TMZ and RT/TMZ/ IFNβ were 20.3 and 24.0 months (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.65-1.55; 1-sided logrank p = 0.51). Median PFS in RT/TMZ and in RT/TMZ/IFNβ were 10.1 months and 8.5 months (2-sided P = 0.25, HR 1.25 [95%CI: 0.85-1.84]). Incidence of neutropenia and lymphopenia in RT/TMZ and RT/TMZ/IFNβ (Grade ≥ 3, CTCAE ver 3.0) were 12.7% vs. 20.7% and 54.0% vs. 63.8% during induction period, and 3.6% vs. 9.3% and 34.5% vs. 41.9% during adjuvant period. Non-hematological adverse events (Grade ≥ 3) were observed in 19.0% vs. 24.1% during induction period, and 21.8% vs. 13.6% during adjuvant period. One treatment-related death was observed in RT/TMZ/IFNβ. CONCLUSIONS: First-line use of IFNβ was not promising for further investigation for newly-diagnosed GBM.
Are Reminder Systems a Form of CME?-Reply
Authors: David Davis
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The comments of Drs Elson and Connelly afford us the opportunity to further articulate our concept of broadly defined CME. This concept has arisen from our attempt to synthesize the body of knowledge related to physician performance change strategies. In doing so, however, we readily acknowledge others' concern, including that of Elson and Connelly, that we are studying and perhaps confusing entirely different methodologies in the process. They express the view that educational interventions impart new knowledge while reminder systems are enabling technologies that reinforce already-possessed knowledge. However, there are several reasons and issues that argue for a more holistic view of physician education, including CME and, most important, its outcomes. First, the theoretical issue. While the intent of informatics and traditional CME may be different, there is no guarantee that what is imparted in "educational" settings is in fact new knowledge to most or all of its
Meat Impaction in the Esophagus Treated by Enzymatic Digestion
Authors: Alan S. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

OBSTRUCTION OF THE DISTAL ESOPHAGUS by impacted meat must be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient presenting with the sudden onset of dysphagia. The individual is usually elderly and most often has an inadequate masticatory apparatus due to ill-fitting dentures. Although endoscopie evaluation and removal of the foreign body is frequently necessary, treatment by enzymatic digestion is of value and should be given consideration as a primary approach. Three cases have recently been encountered in which this technique proved most successful. Report of Cases Case1.—An 81-year-old female was seen on Jan. 11, 1962, complaining of tbe sudden onset of dysphagia occurring 48 hours previously, while eating meatballs. Subsequently, she noted substernal distress and rgurgitation when she attempted to eat or drink. Medical history revealed the occurrence ot frequent episodes oi diffuse substernal pain, usually caused by nervousness, which had been diagnosed as esophageal spasm by another physician.
Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura
Authors: W.A.D. GRIFFITHS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Seven cases of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAPK) are described. All the patients were female and the pattern of inheritance suggested an autosomal dominant mode. Histologically, RAPK is characterized by epidermal atrophy, an increased number of basal melanocytes and the absence of pigmentary incontinence in the upper dermis. The present cases, from Asia, Africa and Europe, are the first to be described outside Japan.
Legionnaires' disease in Europe: all quiet on the eastern front?
Authors: Julien Beauté, Emmanuel Robesyn, Birgitta de Jong
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

ECDC draws attention to the under ascertainment of Legionnaires' disease in Eastern Europe http://ow.ly/p74HTAlmost 40 years ago, a large outbreak of pneumonia caused by a previously unidentified agent occurred at a hotel in Philadelphia (PA, USA), affecting 182 persons and causing the death of 29 [1].All cases had attended a convention of the American Legion, a US wartime veteran service organisation.Both the causative agent of the outbreak and the disease were named after this event: Legionella spp.and Legionnaires' disease, respectively.Legionella spp.are Gram-negative bacteria found in freshwater environments worldwide and tend to contaminate and thrive in man-made water systems [2].Legionnaires' disease is not transmitted from person to person.Infection occurs following inhalation of aerosols containing Legionella or aspiration of Legionella contaminated water, most commonly Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 [2, 3], but other Legionella species have been documented (table 1) [4].Legionnaires' disease usually presents as a severe pneumonia that may be accompanied by systemic symptoms.Known risk factors for Legionnaires' disease include increasing age, male sex, smoking, chronic lung disease, diabetes and various conditions associated with immunodeficiency [5,6].Pontiac fever is a milder form of legionellosis, classically described as an influenza-like illness.Antibiotics with good intracellular action are most effective against any form of legionellosis.Azithromycin and levofloxacin are usually considered as the best first-line option [7,8].Mortality from Legionnaires' disease remains substantial (<10%), even in patients who receive appropriate treatment [9].A summary of the characteristics of Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever are presented in table 2.