tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual presentation of congenital self-healing reticulohistiocytosis
Authors: H-Y. Thong, Y-S. Dai, H-C. Chiu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article An unusual presentation of congenital self‐healing reticulohistiocytosis Get access H‐Y. Thong, H‐Y. Thong Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7, Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y‐S. Dai, Y‐S. Dai Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7, Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H‐C. Chiu H‐C. Chiu Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7, Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Hsien‐Ching Chiu, MD. E‐mail: hcc@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue 1, 1 July 2003, Pages 191–192, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05296.x Published: 01 July 2003 Article history Accepted: 15 October 2002 Published: 01 July 2003
Development of a sustained-release recombinant human growth hormone formulation
Authors: H.H. Kwak, W.S. Shim, M.K. Choi, M.K. Son, Y.J. Kim, H.C. Yang, T.H. Kim, G.I. Lee, B.M. Kim, S.H. Kang, C.K. Shim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Pemetrexed and Cisplatin for the Treatment of Advanced, Persistent, or Recurrent Carcinoma of the Cervix: A Limited Access Phase II Trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group
Authors: David Scott Miller, John A. Blessing, Lois M. Ramondetta, Huyen Q. Pham, Krishnansu S. Tewari, Lisa M. Landrum, Jubilee Brown, Robert S. Mannel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

To estimate the antitumor activity of pemetrexed and cisplatin with objective tumor response (partial and complete) in patients with advanced, persistent, or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix and to determine the nature and degree of toxicity of this regimen. Secondarily, this study will determine the effects of this regimen on progression-free survival and overall survival.Eligible, consenting patients received pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) and cisplatin 50 mg/m(2) intravenously repeated every 21 days until disease progression or adverse events prohibited further therapy. Patients received no prior therapeutic chemotherapy, except when administered concurrently with primary radiation therapy. Subsequent doses were adjusted according to observed toxicity and protocol guidelines. Adverse events were assessed with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 3.0. The primary measure of efficacy was tumor response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The study was stratified by prior radiation therapy.From September 2008 to November 2011, 55 patients were enrolled by five Gynecologic Oncology Group member institutions; of those, 54 patients were eligible and assessable. The regimen was well tolerated with 26% receiving more than nine cycles. The most common greater than grade 2 toxicities were neutropenia 35%, leukopenia 28%, and metabolic 28%. The overall response rate was 31% (one complete and 16 partial). The median progression-free survival was 5.7 months, and overall survival was 12.3 months.Pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin demonstrates activity in the treatment of advanced, persistent, or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix.
Viagra guidance declared unlawful
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Advice in a circular sent last year to GPs by the health secretary, Frank Dobson, urging them not to prescribe the impotence drug Viagra (sildenafil) was unlawful, the High Court in London ruled last week. The successful challenge by the manufacturers, Pfizer, could prove to be just the opening salvo by the pharmaceutical industry as new drugs come on to the market and the government seeks ways of containing the NHS budget.

Mr Dobson issued the circular as an interim measure last …
Transient in vivo selection of transduced peripheral blood cells using antifolate drug selection in rhesus macaques that received transplants with hematopoietic stem cells expressing dihydrofolate reductase vectors
Authors: Derek A. Persons, James A. Allay, Aylin Bonifacino, Taihe Lu, Brian Agricola, Mark E. Metzger, Robert E. Donahue, Cynthia E. Dunbar, Brian P. Sorrentino
Journal: Blood (2003)
Eosinophilic fasciitis. Case report and review of the literature.
Authors: R M Bennett, A Herron, L Keogh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a recently described rheumatic disease, some 20 cases having been reported in abstract form. Previous descriptions have stressed the localized nature of skin involvement, the absence of visceral changes or Raynaud9s phenomenon, an association with hypergammaglobulinaemia and eosinophilia, and a good response to corticosteroid therapy. The most conspicuous feature of this entity has been a massive thickening of the subcutaneous fascia, when an adequate (skin down to muscle) biopsy has been performed. We report another case conforming to these general features, with the exception that Raynaud9s phenomenon was a prominent symptom. A critical review of the literature suggests that eosinophilic fasciitis should tentatively be regarded as a variant of scleroderma.
Current Approaches to Cervical-Cancer Screening
Authors: George F. Sawaya, Adalsteinn D. Brown, A. Eugene Washington, Alan M. Garber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations.A 72-year-old woman has had an annual Papanicolaou (Pap) smear with normal findings (Figure 1) for the past 30 years. She finds it difficult to undergo pelvic examinations because she has severe arthritis in her hips and vaginal atrophy. She has not been sexually active since the death of her husband 10 years earlier, and she wants to know whether she can stop being screened for cervical neoplasia.The Clinical ProblemAlthough screening for cervical cancer with the Pap smear is one of the most effective preventive interventions that clinicians can provide in their offices, concern about the accuracy . . .
Radiotherapy plus hyperthermia equals progress against cancer
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A number of centers across the country report encouraging results from the use of hyperthermia in conjunction with radiation therapy to manage various types of cancer. Some of the studies reported are still animal studies or phase I or phase II trials and the patient numbers are relatively modest. But radiation oncologists are buoyed by what they see as consistency in the findings. Though several reports presented recently at the meeting of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiologists in Miami Beach cautioned that there is much to learn about the effects of heat on body systems and about the delivery and measurement of heat intensity in tumor tissue, they also emphasized that precise, localized heating combined with radiotherapy can dramatically increase the control of tumor recurrence not only in superficial sites but in some deep-seated ones as well. One such report, by Michael R. Manning, MD, assistant professor of radiology
The Clinical Choice of Sedative-Hypnotics
Authors: DAVID J. GREENBLATT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

The clinician is faced with a bewildering array of available sedatives, hypnotics, and tranquilizers, as well as continuous pressure from patients, the popular media, and the pharmaceutical industry, encouraging and demanding the use of these drugs. Under these influences the rational use of sedatives and hypnotics is not easily achieved. Current evidence favors the benzodiazepine derivatives, although they are far from ideal. Flurazepam allows "physiologic" sleep and has a low potential for abuse. Chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, and oxazepam are effective antianxiety agents. Suicide is virtually impossible with the benzodiazepines, and these agents probably do not interact with oral anticoagulants. Obviously, sedatives and hypnotics are best reserved for situations in which the possible benefit for the patient outweighs the risk associated with the use of the drug.
Recombinant human superoxide dismutase (h-SOD) fails to improve recovery of ventricular function in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: J T Flaherty, B Pitt, J W Gruber, R R Heuser, D A Rothbaum, L R Burwell, B S George, D J Kereiakes, D Deitchman, N Gustafson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Animal studies have demonstrated a burst of oxygen free radical generation after reperfusion of ischemic myocardium that could be blocked by administration of the free radical scavenger recombinant human superoxide dismutase (h-SOD). A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed to test the hypothesis that free radical-mediated reperfusion injury could be reduced by intravenous administration of h-SOD begun before percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction.One hundred twenty patients were randomized to receive placebo (n = 59) or h-SOD (n = 61) given as a 10-mg/kg intravenous bolus followed by a 60-minute infusion of 0.2 mg.kg-1.min-1. Left ventricular function was analyzed via paired contrast left ventriculograms performed before PTCA and after 6 to 10 days and paired radionuclide ventriculograms performed within 24 hours of PTCA and after 4 to 6 weeks. Both h-SOD- and placebo-treated patients showed improvement in global and regional left ventricular function after successful reperfusion. Compared with the placebo group, no additional improvement was observed in the patients treated with h-SOD.The results of this clinical trial failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect of h-SOD on global or regional left ventricular function in patients who underwent successful PTCA for treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
SI Quantities and Units for American Medicine
Authors: Edward R. Powsner
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The International System of Units (SI) is an extension of the metric system and was approved by the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960. The SI, expanded for the health professions, has been adopted by most European countries and is being adopted by Canada. Proponents of the SI for American medicine see intrinsic merit in its coherent units and believe international communication among physicians requires its adoption. Opponents fear that conversion to the SI is little more than "tinkering" and that any changes from the present system are potentially dangerous. Adoption of some of the less controversial portions of the SI has been recommended by the AMA Council on Scientific Affairs; consideration by the House of Delegates is anticipated.
Prolonged fever in bacterial meningitis.
Authors: R J Fallon
Journal: BMJ (1971)

the real obstacles to a renal transplantation programme, which should be rapidly ex- panding and for which there is such need.Such expansion will not occur until there is an improvement in the nursing establish- ment and medical junior staffing on the average acute medical or surgical ward, par- ticularly in hospitals where the actual renal transplantation is not done.-Iam, etc.,
Hospital Surveys-Reply
Authors: Leonard B. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The notion that one short article could lead psychiatrists to come to a conclusion is heady stuff. Be calm, Dr Menninger, the JCAH is safe. Let me restate the article's two points. First, the excess of time and energy poured into the survey visit by the hospital is wasteful (and ritualistic). Second, the application of the same set of standards to cover both the Massachusetts General Hospital and East Elsewhere General Hospital strains the credibility of those standards (reason). The commission has been a force for good in an evil world. It could be even more so with a little more thought and discussion.
Intestinal mantle cell lymphoma observed by double-balloon endoscopy with Fuji Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy
Authors: D. Norimura, H. Isomoto, D. Niino, Y. Akazawa, N. Yamaguchi, K. Ohnita, S. Shikuwa, F. Takeshima, K. Nakao
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Mantle cell lymphoma rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, although other B-cell-derived non-Hodgkin lymphoma often occurs there. According to previous reports, gastrointestinal spread of mantle cell lymphoma frequently involves the colorectum and stomach; reports of small-intestinal involvement are rare. Consistent with preceding reports [1] [2] [3], the endoscopic appearance of colorectal and small-intestinal spread of mantle cell lymphoma shows multiple lymphomatous polyposis in the lower ileum and colorectum. Earlier reports have described cases of gastrointestinal mantle cell lymphoma using advanced endoscopic imaging technologies [1] [2] [3], but observation of mantle cell lymphoma of the small intestine using double-balloon endoscopy with Fuji Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy (FICE) has not been reported to date. We report a rare case of intestinal mantle cell lymphoma diagnosed by capsule endoscopy and double-balloon endoscopy with FICE, providing a new mode of endoscopic imaging of this type of gastrointestinal lymphoma.
Epigenetic Attenuation of Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase 2 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Stephen L. Archer, Glenn Marsboom, Gene H. Kim, Hannah J. Zhang, Peter T. Toth, Eric C. Svensson, Jason R.B. Dyck, Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, Bernard Thébaud, Aliya N. Husain, Nicole Cipriani, Jalees Rehman
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Excessive proliferation and impaired apoptosis of pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) contribute to vascular obstruction in patients and fawn-hooded rats (FHRs) with PA hypertension (PAH). Expression and activity of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), the major generator of H(2)O(2), is known to be reduced in PAH; however, the mechanism and therapeutic relevance of this are unknown.SOD2 expression in PASMCs is decreased in PAH patients and FHRs with PAH. FHR PASMCs have higher proliferation and lower apoptosis rates than Sprague-Dawley rat PASMCs. Moreover, FHR PASMCs have hyperpolarized mitochondria, low H(2)O(2) production, and reduced cytoplasmic and mitochondrial redox state. Administration of SOD2 small interfering RNA to normal PASMCs recapitulates the FHR PAH phenotype, hyperpolarizing mitochondria, decreasing H(2)O(2), and inhibiting caspase activity. Conversely, SOD2 overexpression in FHR PASMCs or therapy with the SOD-mimetic metalloporphyrin Mn(III)tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP) reverses the hyperproliferative PAH phenotype. Importantly, SOD-mimetic therapy regresses PAH in vivo. Investigation of the SOD2 gene revealed no mutation, suggesting a possible epigenetic dysregulation. Genomic bisulfite sequencing demonstrates selective hypermethylation of a CpG island in an enhancer region of intron 2 and another in the promoter. Differential methylation occurs selectively in PAs versus aortic SMCs and is reversed by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, restoring both SOD2 expression and the ratio of proliferation to apoptosis. Expression of the enzymes that mediate gene methylation, DNA methyltransferases 1 and 3B, is upregulated in FHR lungs.Tissue-specific, epigenetic SOD2 deficiency initiates and sustains a heritable form of PAH by impairing redox signaling and creating a proliferative, apoptosis-resistant PASMC. SOD augmentation regresses experimental PAH. The discovery of an epigenetic component to PAH may offer new therapeutic targets.
T Lymphocyte Recruitment into Renal Cell Carcinoma Tissue: A Role for Chemokine Receptors CXCR3, CXCR6, CCR5, and CCR6
Authors: Kimberley A. Oldham, Greg Parsonage, Rupesh I. Bhatt, D. Michael A. Wallace, Nayneeta Deshmukh, Shalini Chaudhri, David H. Adams, Steven P. Lee
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Advances in medical technology account for a third of the reduction in road traffic deaths
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

One third of the drop in road traffic deaths in England over the past two decades is due to improvements in medical technology, new research says.

As a result of the improvements around 700 people a year who would have died 20 years ago in crashes in England and Wales survive, the study says (published online in advance in Accident Analysis and Prevention at www.elsevier.com).

Over the past 20 years the number of deaths a year in England and Wales (excluding London) has gone down by about 2100.

Deaths in Britain as a whole resulting from traffic crashes have decreased by …
Diabetes in a Managed Care System
Authors: Kenneth E. Quickel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Health care expenditures account for over 14% of the gross domestic product in the United States.Managed care has evolved to control these costs. Because diabetes accounts for nearly 15% of health care expenditures, the strategies used by managed care organizations are expected to have a particular effect on diabetes. Managed care organizations have two primary goals: to control costs and to provide care of sufficient quality to attract and satisfy enrollees. Managed care organizations have designed strategies to meet these goals. Four primary managed care strategies and their effects on diabetes care are discussed: 1) payment incentives rewarding desired provider practice patterns; 2) designation of providers who possess desirable practice behaviors; 3) coverage policies that control the services paid for; and 4) traditional insurance strategies that determine who is eligible for insurance and what premiums are to be paid. The few direct studies of the effects of each strategy on the care of diabetic persons are discussed. The conclusion is that although managed care organizations have the potential to provide excellent care for diabetic persons, little evidence exists that they have improved either the quality or the cost-effectiveness of diabetes care. Recommendations to guide the development of cost-effective care for diabetic persons are presented.
Adrenomedullin attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury in mice
Authors: H. C. Muller, M. Witzenrath, T. Tschernig, B. Gutbier, S. Hippenstiel, A. Santel, N. Suttorp, S. Rosseau
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving intervention in acute respiratory failure without any alternative. However, even protective ventilation strategies applying minimal mechanical stress may evoke ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Adjuvant pharmacological strategies in addition to lung-protective ventilation to attenuate VILI are lacking. Adrenomedullin exhibited endothelial barrier-stabilising properties in vitro and in vivo. <h3>Methods</h3> In untreated mice (female C57/Bl6 mice, 11–15 weeks old) and animals treated with adrenomedullin, lung permeability, local and systemic inflammation and markers of distal organ function were assessed following 2 or 6 h of mechanical ventilation with 100% oxygen and protective or moderately injurious ventilator settings, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Adrenomedullin dramatically reduced lung permeability in VILI in mice, leading to improved oxygenation. Adrenomedullin treatment reduced myosin light chain phosphorylation, attenuated the accumulation of leucocytes in the lung and prevented the increase in lactate and creatinine levels in mice ventilated with high tidal volumes. Moreover, adrenomedullin protected against VILI even when treatment was initiated 2 h after the beginning of mechanical ventilation in a 6 h VILI mouse model. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Adjuvant treatment with adrenomedullin may be a promising new pharmacological approach to attenuate VILI.
Prolonged wakefulness induces experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in mouse hypocretin/orexin neurons
Authors: Yan Rao, Zhong-Wu Liu, Erzsebet Borok, Rebecca L. Rabenstein, Marya Shanabrough, Min Lu, Marina R. Picciotto, Tamas L. Horvath, Xiao-Bing Gao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Sleep is a natural process that preserves energy, facilitates development, and restores the nervous system in higher animals. Sleep loss resulting from physiological and pathological conditions exerts tremendous pressure on neuronal circuitry responsible for sleep-wake regulation. It is not yet clear how acute and chronic sleep loss modify neuronal activities and lead to adaptive changes in animals. Here, we show that acute and chronic prolonged wakefulness in mice induced by modafinil treatment produced long-term potentiation (LTP) of glutamatergic synapses on hypocretin/orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, a well-established arousal/wake-promoting center. A similar potentiation of synaptic strength at glutamatergic synapses on hypocretin/orexin neurons was also seen when mice were sleep deprived for 4 hours by gentle handling. Blockade of dopamine D1 receptors attenuated prolonged wakefulness and synaptic plasticity in these neurons, suggesting that modafinil functions through activation of the dopamine system. Also, activation of the cAMP pathway was not able to further induce LTP at glutamatergic synapses in brain slices from mice treated with modafinil. These results indicate that synaptic plasticity due to prolonged wakefulness occurs in circuits responsible for arousal and may contribute to changes in the brain and body of animals experiencing sleep loss.
Dangers of Tetanus Antitoxin
Authors: A. G. Freeman
Journal: BMJ (1964)

to relative hypoglycaemia (normal ratio) and one due to glycolysis (lowered ratio) as occurs in tuberculous meningitis.We have found here that exceptions do occasionally occur: we have seen a normal ratio in tuberculous meningitis with a normal C.S.F.sugar, and we have further seen cases of aseptic meningitis with lowered ratios, C.S.F.-sugar levels being either normal or reduced.We accept the view of Miller et al.2 that a normal C.S.F.sugar must never be used as a major argument against a diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, and consider that the im- portance of finding a low C.S.F.sugar in non-pyogenic meningitis is that it should prompt a thorough search of the C.S.F. for the tubercle bacillus, the identification of which is, after all, the only unequivocal evidence of tuberculous infection of the meninges.Failure to find the organism by direct examination should not delay the in- ception of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy (not intrathecally initially) in any case where the clinical suspicion of tuberculous meningitis is high.-Weare, etc.,
Further evidence to support the safety and efficacy of endoscopic mucosal resection for Paris type 0-II, Is and laterally spreading tumors of the colorectum in Western cohorts
Authors: D. Hurlstone, D. Sanders
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

We read the paper by Bories et al. with great interest [1]. In this prospective study, 52 colorectal lesions in 50 patients were treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) using the lift-and-cut technique described by Deyhle et al. [2]. Preresection staging was carried out using the Hitachi U33 endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) probe in the rectum, with colonic lesions being assessed clinically using the non-lifting sign described by Uno and Munakata [3] as indicative of T2 disease. Complications occurred in 9.6 % of the patients, with recurrent disease observed in 15 % of the group after a mean follow-up period of 17.3 months.
Where has all the lorazepam gone?
Authors: D. J. S. de Monteverde-Robb
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Intravenous lorazepam is preferable to intravenous diazepam as first line treatment of status epilepticus.1 It has a longer redistribution half life, which lessens the chance of seizure recurrence.1 Lorazepam may also bind more tightly to receptors in the brain, so, although it has a similar …