tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Noradrenaline-secreting Neuroblastomata
Authors: H. Isaacs, M. Medalie, W. M. Politzer
Journal: BMJ (1959)

BDIioURNr L 401 of sodium and aldosterone possessed by amphenone.Thyroid function also was not affected.SU 4885 is much the less toxic of the two drugs, gastric disturbances being the only consistent symptom.The excessive drowsiness which severely limits the use of amphenone did not occur.Although the action of SU 4885 on other adrenal steroids, notably oestrogens, has not yet been studied, the relatively large doses required to suppress hydro- cortisone together with the formation of 1 l-deoxyhydro- cortisone and probably deoxycortone do not indicate that this particular drug has immediate clinical application as an adrenal inhibitor.On the other hand, it seems likely that further compounds will be elaborated by means of which selective inhibition of adrenal enzyme systems may be satisfactorily achieved in patients.Summary The effect of a new adrenal inhibitory compound, SU 4885, has been studied in eight patients.Inhibition is directed particularly at adrenal steroid 1 1,3-hydroxylation, so that 11-deoxyhydrocortisone (compound S) and its urinary metabolite tetrahydro-S were found in relatively large quantities in blood and urine.In sufficient dosage, orally or intravenously, SU 4885 appeared capable of reducing the levels of hydrooortisone and its urinary metabolites.The toxicity of SU 4885 was significantly less than that of amphenone B.We are indebted to Drs.
P1187 A CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENT PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION WITH TELAPREVIR INCREASES RIBAVIRIN CONCENTRATIONS AND LEADS TO HIGHER HAEMOGLOBIN DROP
Authors: A. De Nicolò, A. Ciancio, L. Boglione, A. Mohamed Abdi, A. Smedile, G.P. Caviglia, G. Di Perri, M. Rizzetto, A. D'Avolio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1b2 (Oatp1b2) is important for the hepatic uptake of unconjugated bile acids: Studies in Oatp1b2-null mice
Authors: Iván L. Csanaky, Hong Lu, Youcai Zhang, Kenichiro Ogura, Supratim Choudhuri, Curtis D. Klaassen
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

The organic anion–transporting polypeptide 1b family (Oatp1b2 in rodents and OATP1B1/1B3 in humans) is liver-specific and transports various chemicals into the liver. However, the role of the Oatp1b family in the hepatic uptake of bile acids (BAs) into the liver is unknown. Therefore, in Oatp1b2-null mice, the concentrations of BAs in plasma, liver, and bile were compared with wild-type (WT) mice. It was first determined that livers of the Oatp1b2-null mice were not compensated by altered expression of other hepatic transporters. However, the messenger RNA of Cyp7a1 was 70% lower in the Oatp1b2-null mice. Increased expression of fibroblast growth factor 15 in intestines of Oatp1b2-null mice might be responsible for decreased hepatic expression of Cyp7a1 in Oatp1b2-null mice. The hepatic concentration and biliary excretion of conjugated and unconjugated BAs were essentially the same in Oatp1b2-null and WT mice. The serum concentration of taurine-conjugated BAs was essentially the same in the two genotypes. In contrast, the serum concentrations of unconjugated BAs were 3-45 times higher in Oatp1b2-null than WT mice. After intravenous administration of cholate to Oatp1b2-null mice, its clearance was 50% lower than in WT mice, but the clearance of taurocholate was similar in the two genotypes. Conclusion: This study indicates that Oatp1b2 has a major role in the hepatic uptake of unconjugated BAs. (Hepatology 2011.)
Abstract 4030: Wnt antagonist SFRP4 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in gastric carcinomas
Authors: Jin Kim, Hee Eun Lee, Chang Do Jee, Woo Ho Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) function as Wnt signaling antagonists and have important implications in carcinogenesis. SFRP4, a member of the SFRP family, have been found to be down-regulated by promoter hypermethylation in various cancers. However, functional significance of SFRP4 has not been investigated in gastric carcinoma. In this study, we examined aberrant DNA methylation and expression of SFRP4 in gastric cancer cell lines, and we found that SFRP4 was hypermethylated and down-regulated in 9 out of 10 (90%) gastric cancer cell lines. Bisulfite DNA sequencing confirmed the densely methylated SFRP4 promoter region and addition of the demethylating agent 5-aza-2α-deoxycytidine and/or histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A restored the mRNA expression of SFRP4. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis showed that SFRP4 gene promoter is frequently methylated in gastric cancer tissues (75%) but not in adjacent normal gastric tissues. We then investigated whether methylation of SFRP4 is associated with age, sex, tumor stage, histology, and overall survival. No significant association was found between the methylation status of SFRP4 and these clinicopathological variables. However, promoter methylation of SFRP4 was found to be significantly correlated with poor survival in gastric carcinomas (p = 0.045). Restoration of SFRP4 function in non-expressing gastric cancer cells induced tumor suppressor-like features such as induces gastric cancer cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Conversely, knocking down SFRP4 by small interfering RNA in gastric cancer cell lines promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. In addition, over-expression of SFRP4 repressed Wnt target genes and induced changes in the expression of numerous genes related to cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Our results suggest that promoter hypermethylation is one of the important mechanisms of SFRP4 gene silencing in gastric carcinogenesis and that SFRP4 methylation in gastric carcinoma is associated with a poor outcome in such patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4030. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4030
Vote to ban smoking in cars with children is hailed as victory for child health
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The decision by MPs to give governments in England and Wales the power to ban smoking in cars when children are present has been hailed as a big step towards protecting child health.

MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of the ban, which was introduced last week by Labour in the House of Lords as an amendment to the Children and Families Bill.1 In a free vote in the House of Commons on Monday 10 February the amendment was passed by 376 votes to 107.

The proposal gives the government the power to introduce a new …
Efficacy of Extended-Release Venlafaxine in Nondepressed Outpatients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Karl Rickels, Mark H. Pollack, David V. Sheehan, J. Thomas Haskins
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of fixed doses of once-daily extended-release (XR) venlafaxine in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder without concomitant major depressive disorder.Adult outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder but not major depressive disorder with total scores of 18 or higher on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and scores of 2 or higher on its anxious mood and tension factors were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to receive placebo or venlafaxine XR (75, 150, or 225 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Primary efficacy variables were final total and psychic anxiety factor scores on the Hamilton anxiety scale and final severity and global improvement item scores on the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale.Of the 377 patients entering the study, 370 were included in a safety analysis and 349 in an efficacy analysis. Adjusted mean scores at 8 weeks (last-observation-carried-forward analysis) were significantly lower for one or more of the venlafaxine XR groups in four of four primary and three of four secondary outcome measures than for the placebo group. These included a change of 1.7 (versus 1.3) from baseline on CGI severity item scores and a final score of 2.2 (versus 2.6) on the CGI global improvement item. All doses of venlafaxine XR were well tolerated.Venlafaxine XR is an effective and well-tolerated option for the short-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in outpatients without major depressive disorder.
Challenges Facing Family Practice and Primary Care
Authors: Mary O. Mundinger, Robert L. Kane
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PRE-COLUMBIAN SYPHILAS AND EAST ASIA.
Authors: ALBERT S. ASHMEAD
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Since the publication of my article on pre-Columbian Syphilis in the<i>Medical News</i>, October 31, 1891, I have received a few letters on the subject. Professor Brinton does not lay great store by such philological evidence as I have been able to produce. "After careful search," says he,"I have not found any resemblance between any American tongue and any Asiatic dialect; a few isolated resemblances do not signify anything." Dr. Gustav Brühl, of Cincinnati, the author of "Pre-Columbian Syphilis in the Western Hemisphere" published in the<i>Cincinnati Lancet and Clinic</i>, May 29, 1880, and of an article under the same title, March 8, 1890, in the same paper says: "In neither have I tried to prove that syphilis originated in America, trying only to prove that it existed here before the landing of the Castilians. 'Abobe" is not a Nahuatl word, the Nahua called it Xanitl, the Otomics, Notletahoy. Without
Familial hydroa vacciniforme
Authors: None GUPTA, None MOHAMED, None KEMMETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Hydroa vacciniforme is a rare, idiopathic photodermatosis with an onset in childhood and characterized by acute vesiculation, crusting and scarring following sun exposure. Familial cases are extremely rare with only one previous report. We report a brother and sister, both of whom have developed hydroa vacciniforme.
Hourly Variation in Total Serum Cholesterol
Authors: JOHN E. PETERSON, ALAN A. WILCOX, MELVIN I. HALEY, ROBERT A. KEITH
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Evidence is presented to indicate that the level of serum cholesterol in certain individuals may vary widely within a matter of hours. The data suggest also that a rapid fluctuation of the serum cholesterol level may be induced in some persons by modifying certain aspects of their environment. Varying lability of the level of serum cholesterol and the differing response of individuals to certain environmental factors require that careful attention be given to the sampling methods used in research.
TCT-700 Percutaneous Vs Surgical Repair For Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation In Octogenarians.
Authors: Nicola Buzzatti, Micaela Cioni, Maurizio Taramasso, Paolo Denti, Antonio Colombo, Giovanni La Canna, Ottavio Alfieri, Francesco Maisano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Distalgesic poisoning--cause for concern.
Authors: R J Young, A A Lawson
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A review of all dextropropoxyphene poisoning episodes in a stable representative population during the past 10 years showed that Distalgesic accounts for most overdoses, and it has become an increasingly popular component of self-poisoning coktails. Sudden respiratory depression due to dextopropoxyphene potentiated by other common ingested agents is the main danger, and at least one-third of patients take a potentially lethal dose (20 tablets of Distalgesic and alcohol or benzodiazepine). Naloxone is an effective antagonist but, because of the rapidity of deterioration, 40% of patients sustain irreversible cerebral damage before reaching resuscitation facilities. Consequently Distalgesic has become the ingested agent principally responsible for self-poisoning deaths over the age of 12 years. This rise to prominence has paralleled a pronounced increase in prescriptions for the drug. The reason for the increased rise in selfpoisoning remains elusive. As effective treatment of the cause is not possible the only way to mitigate its serious consequences is prompt treatment and restrictions on the availability of the drug. No analgesics are devoid of danger in overdose, but in dextropropoxyphene the evidence suggests that its dangers outweigh its analgesic properties.
Dermatitis herpetiformis and reticulum cell sarcoma, a rare complication
Authors: DAVID J. GOULD, RODERICK HOWELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

A patient with longstanding dermatitis herpetiformis and adult coeliac disease developed perforation of a jejunal reticulum cell sarcoma. This is probably the third reported case of reticulum cell sarcoma occurring in association with dermatitis herpetiformis.
Association of acute neutrophilic dermatosis and myelodysplastic syndrome with (6; 9) chromosome translocation: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: B. Mégarbane, C. Bodemer, F. Valensi, I. Radford‐Weiss, S. Fraitag, E. MacIntyre, O. Bletry, B. Varet, O. Hermine
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)
High-frequency analysis of the surface electrocardiograms of patients with supraventricular tachycardia: accurate identification of atrial activation and determination of the mechanism of tachycardia.
Authors: D L Kuchar, R P Kelly, C W Thorburn
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Signal processing of the electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed during supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in 24 patients in an attempt to locate the P wave and to characterize its morphology in three orthogonal planes. In patients with atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, a discrete atrial signal could be identified within the ST segment and/or T wave with inferior-to-superior orientation. Atrial activation was identified in patients with primary atrial tachycardia as long as there was a constant relationship between each QRS complex and the preceding atrial signal. Patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia were deduced to have simultaneous atrial and ventricular activation when no atrial signal could be seen elsewhere in the cycle. Mean maximum P wave amplitude was 25.4 +/- 6.3 microV during SVT, with a mean noise level below 1.0 microV. Signal processing of the ECG during SVT enhances the detection of the P wave and the appreciation of P wave morphology, both of which are important factors in the noninvasive determination of the electrophysiologic mechanisms of SVT.
Can general practitioners use training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild hypertension?
Authors: C. Patel, M. Marmot
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To see whether general practitioners could effectively carry out training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild hypertension a study was carried out with a subsample of phase 2 of the Medical Research Council9s treatment of mild hypertension trial.<sup>1</sup> In the main mild hypertension trial patients had been receiving either an active drug or placebo for six years. In phase 2 a subsample of these patients were randomly allocated either to continue or to stop receiving the active drug or placebo. In a further subsample patients were again randomised to receive or not to receive relaxation therapy. This factorial design presented an additional opportunity to assess whether patients controlled with active drugs might have their blood pressure maintained by this behavioural therapy once drug treatment was stopped and to assess whether blood pressure might be further reduced by this therapy in patients who had been under regular medical supervision for as long as six years and who had already received non-pharmacological advice. The therapy was conducted by general practitioners in group sessions once a week for eight weeks. The training in relaxation was accompanied by galvanic skin resistance biofeedback. At one year follow up blood pressure in the relaxation subgroups was either maintained (in the group who had stopped receiving drugs) or reduced further (in the group who had continued receiving drugs and in both placebo groups), while in the control group it had increased in all the subgroups, but particularly in those who had stopped receiving drugs. Differences in changes in blood pressure between the relaxation and control groups were significant. There were five new cardiovascular events, including evidence of myocardial ischaemia in blindly coded electrocardiograms in the control group, compared with one in the treatment group. General practitioners, if motivated, can successfully apply this technique of training those with mild hypertension in relaxation and management of stress.
ABBREVIATION AND MEANINGLESS DICTION IN MEDICINE
Authors: Hubert A. Royster
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I cannot resist the impulse to endorse the views expressed by Dr. Ramsay Spillman inThe Journalof January 18. He is confused by perplexing abbreviations and meaningless diction employed in his own specialty, and I am sure many of us in all departments of medicine could furnish samples of the same sort. Medical terminology in the United States (and probably elsewhere) is in a woful state. Scores of words and expressions and their short-cut forms in common use not only violate the principles of philology and defy their derivations but also confound scientific precision and offend one's sense of accuracy. It is just as easy to be right as to be wrong, and much more becoming. The most flagrant example of twisted derivation is the use of "clinic" as applied to a place for the reception and examination of patients, formerly called a dispensary or outpatient
Lesson of the week: Tracheal stenosis after intubation
Authors: Nicholas Spittle, Anthony McCluskey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Prolonged intubation may cause tracheal stenosis, with progressive dyspnoea and wheeze easily misdiagnosed as asthma 

Tracheal obstruction may be due to trauma, infection, tumour, or aspirated foreign bodies. Despite improvements in the design of tracheal tubes, however, tracheal stenosis after intubation remains an important cause of tracheal obstruction, which may be life threatening. We describe a patient with tracheal stenosis which was initially misdiagnosed as asthma after prolonged tracheal intubation.

A 16 year old man, with a history of asthma that had needed hospital admission on several occasions, was referred to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acute severe asthma. Seven weeks earlier he had sustained a head injury in a road traffic accident and had been mechanically ventilated through an oral tracheal tube for 84 hours at another hospital. Subsequently he had been transferred to a neurological rehabilitation unit. Two days after admission he complained of exertional dyspnoea and wheeze. Although treatment with bronchodilators was started, his symptoms worsened progressively over the next two weeks, and he became acutely dyspnoeic at rest. He was transferred to an acute medical ward but continued to deteriorate despite receiving nebulised bronchodilators, intravenous hydrocortisone, aminophylline, and antibiotics. He became exhausted within 24 hours and was thus referred to our intensive care unit for further management.

On admission he was in extremis and had tachypnoea (respiratory rate 30/min), a virtually silent chest, and hypercarbia (partial pressure of carbon dioxide 9.3 kPa) on arterial blood gas analysis. We decided to intubate and ventilate him. After intravenous induction of anaesthesia, laryngoscopy was performed, with a good view of a normal glottis, but it …
Array of out-of-hours and emergency services is confusing to public, says NHS chief
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The NHS needs both change and more money to remain sustainable, the chief executive of NHS England told the Future of Health conference in London on Friday 21 November. But Simon Stevens declined to say just what form the changes should take, adding that different models would suit different places, albeit not “hundreds” of different models. “There might be, I don’t know, four or five different models that people will choose from, depending on what’s right for their communities,” he said.

Promising “a big journey” over the next five or six years, Stevens called for greater integration of care to overcome historical divisions between physical and mental health services, between health and social care services, and between primary and …
Bitter Pills to Swallow
Authors: J Poulson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

I learned more about comprehensive cancer care when I became a patient in 1996 than I had during a residency in medicine or in practice as an internist and palliative care physician in a teaching hospital. When I was given a diagnosis of aggressive inflammatory carcinoma, I found myself transformed from one who orders and administers medication to a terrified recipient. Until then, I had felt that I was a particularly empathetic doctor who listened to and, I thought, heard the stories of my patients. It was a shock, then, to undergo the foreign and surreal experience of becoming a . . .
Archie Cochrane Revisited
Authors: Roger J. Bulger
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ARCHIE Cochrane,<sup>1</sup>the well-known British epidemiologist who used to quip that it was not fair to label him a socialist just because he advocated that all effective health care should be free, came to Washington, DC, 15 years ago and became the star performer in health-policy circles. His message was simple: Because so little of health care had been proved to be effective, there was plenty of room for capitalism after one distributed all the<i>effective</i>health care for free. Our national response to the challenge inherent in Dr Cochrane's quip has been the investment of very modest sums in technology assessment,<sup>2</sup>health services research, and the training of the kinds of professionals needed to carry on this very important, but admittedly very applied and highly complex, research. Who can blame us? It is, after all, much more fun and much more stimulating to continue to push back