tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablets compared with crushed commercial tablets in African infants and children with uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, single-blind, multicentre trial
Authors: Salim Abdulla, Issaka Sagara, Steffen Borrmann, Umberto D'Alessandro, Raquel González, Mary Hamel, Bernhards Ogutu, Andreas Mårtensson, John Lyimo, Hamma Maiga, Philip Sasi, Alain Nahum, Quique Bassat, Elizabeth Juma, Lucas Otieno, Anders Björkman, Hans Peter Beck, Kim Andriano, Marc Cousin, Gilbert Lefèvre, David Ubben, Zulfikarali Premji
Journal: The Lancet (2008)
Central sleep apnea. CPAP or adaptive servoventilation (ASV)
Authors: Zahdia Eyme Saavedra Moreno, María Belén Gallegos Carrero, Marcel José Rodrìguez Guzmàn, Marìa Fernanda Troncoso Acevedo, Teresa Gòmez Garcìa, Nicolás González-Mangado
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objectives:  Describe clinical and polysomnographic characteristics in patients with CSA that require treatment with ASV in our center.   Material and Methods:  Descriptive study of 26 patients diagnosed of CSA who were admitted in our Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit MDSU at Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-Madrid from May 2009 to November 2011. All patients were treated with CPAP and had gone through a manual titration PSG at 1 or 3 months after diagnosis. We detected poor control and switched to ASV.   Results:  Included 26 males patients CSA(age of 61 years and mean BMI of 32.5). CV risk factors:73% ex-smokers,73% HAP 50% lipid alterations,31% ischemic cardiopathy,23% had previous HF,27% arrhythmias,25% DM,7% opioid use,7% chronic renal disease. The classic OSAS triad was the most frequent symptomatology, average Epworth 11,80%.PSG results: average AHI 67/h,CAI 38.4/h,HI 22.6/h,AHI REM 43.2/h.CPAP titration PSG showed a high persisting AHI(average 40.4/h) with predominance of central events(average 23.7/h apnea and 15.1/h hypopnea).ASV was administrated with 2 types of equipment:BIPAP autoSVAor CS2.ASV titration PSG showed a statistically significant decrease in respiratory events with a residual average AHI of 11.3/h(p 0.001),CAI of 0.5/h(p 0.002) and HI of 9/h(p 0.02).The average time of therapeutic compliance was of 6.1/h/night.It statistically improved Epworth score(average of 7.8)(p 0.001).   Conclusions:  In our studied HF was not highly prevalent.ASV is an effective therapeutic tool for CSA9s and CPAP refractory/resistant compSAS, controlling both apneic events and symptoms. A manual titration PSG is necessary for correct diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.
Cocaine Washout Syndrome
Authors: James R. Roberts, Michael I. Greenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters18 April 2000Cocaine Washout SyndromeJames R. Roberts, MD and Michael I. Greenberg, MDJames R. Roberts, MDMercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Roberts)Mercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Greenberg)Search for more papers by this author and Michael I. Greenberg, MDMercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Roberts)Mercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Greenberg)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-8-200004180-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We describe a complication of long-term cocaine abuse that is not well characterized or adequately discussed in the medical literature. A 32-year-old man was brought from jail to the emergency department in a comatose state. He had undergone medical evaluation the previous night after a motor vehicle accident, but no significant injuries were found. The patient was discharged and incarcerated. Seven hours later, he was unarousable and appeared to be in a deep sleep. Upon arrival to the emergency department, vital signs and pulse oximetry were normal. He demonstrated hyporeflexia and dysconjugate gaze and was unresponsive to ...References1. Sporer KA, Lesser SH. Cocaine washed-out syndrome [Letter]. Ann Emerg Med. 1992;21:112. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Trabulsy ME. Cocaine washed out syndrome in a patient with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Emerg Med. 1995;13:538. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Roberts)Mercy Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19143 (Greenberg) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byToxin-Induced Coma and Central Nervous System DepressionIssues in driving impairmentAcute Methylenedioxypyrovalerone ToxicityCocaineIllicit Drugs I: AmphetaminesThe neuroendocrine effects of the TASER X26®: A brief reportCocaïneCocaine 18 April 2000Volume 132, Issue 8Page: 679-680KeywordsCatecholaminesCocaineComaEmergency departmentIntubationPulse oximetrySaltsSleepThiamineVital signs Issue Published: 18 April 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Heat Shock Protein 27 Is Associated With Freedom From Graft Vasculopathy After Human Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: A.I. De Souza, R. Wait, A.G. Mitchell, N.R. Banner, M.J. Dunn, M.L. Rose
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

Experimental studies have suggested that protective genes protect allografts from cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), the major complication after cardiac transplantation. Here we have sought to confirm this hypothesis using long-term heart transplant recipients. Twenty-two patients that were 9 years or older after transplant were investigated; 11 of these were without angiographic evidence of CAV; 11 had developed early CAV at 1 to 3 years after transplant. To identify proteins that may act as protectors from CAV, a global proteomic approach was used comparing cardiac biopsies from 12 patients taken within the first 2 weeks after transplant and those taken after 9 years from the same patient. Proteins were separated by 2-D gel-electrophoresis, detected by silver staining, and analyzed using Progenesis software. A particular protein spot was found in 4/6 biopsies from patients without CAV, but absent from 5/6 biopsies from those with CAV ( P =0.24); however, quantitative analysis of spot intensity showed a significant difference (0.061±0.05 versus 0.003±0.01, P =0.04). This spot was identified by mass spectrometry and a combination of techniques as a diphosphorylated form of HSP27. Immunohistochemistry of further biopsies not only validated that HSP27 was more abundantly expressed on biopsies without CAV but also showed it to be localized to blood vessels. In contrast, vessels from patients with CAV did not express HSP27 ( P =0.028×10 −4 ). Immunohistochemistry of 12 further early biopsies and nontransplanted heart showed HSP27 to be present in normal blood vessels. These findings suggest that expression of a specific diphosphorylated form of HSP27 is associated with healthy blood vessels; it appears to be lost from vessels of patients with graft vasculopathy.
Etretinate modulates the leukotriene B4 induced intra-epidermal umulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Authors: A.M. LAMMERS, P.C.M. KERKHOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Etretinate modulates the leukotriene B4 induced intra‐epidermal umulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes Get access A.M. LAMMERS, A.M. LAMMERS Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C.M. VAN DE KERKHOF P.C.M. VAN DE KERKHOF Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Dr P.C.M.van de Kerkhof, Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, Javastraat 104, 6524 MJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 September 1987, Pages 297–300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04135.x Published: 01 September 1987
Phylogenomic Analysis Supports the Monophyly of Cryptophytes and Haptophytes and the Association of Rhizaria with Chromalveolates
Authors: J. D. Hackett, H. S. Yoon, S. Li, A. Reyes-Prieto, S. E. Rummele, D. Bhattacharya
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Here we use phylogenomics with expressed sequence tag (EST) data from the ecologically important coccolithophore-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and the plastid-lacking cryptophyte Goniomonas cf. pacifica to establish their phylogenetic positions in the eukaryotic tree. Haptophytes and cryptophytes are members of the putative eukaryotic supergroup Chromalveolata (chromists [cryptophytes, haptophytes, stramenopiles] and alveolates [apicomplexans, ciliates, and dinoflagellates]). The chromalveolates are postulated to be monophyletic on the basis of plastid pigmentation in photosynthetic members, plastid gene and genome relationships, nuclear "host" phylogenies of some chromalveolate lineages, unique gene duplication and replacements shared by these taxa, and the evolutionary history of components of the plastid import and translocation systems. However the phylogenetic position of cryptophytes and haptophytes and the monophyly of chromalveolates as a whole remain to be substantiated. Here we assess chromalveolate monophyly using a multigene dataset of nuclear genes that includes members of all 6 eukaryotic supergroups. An automated phylogenomics pipeline followed by targeted database searches was used to assemble a 16-protein dataset (6,735 aa) from 46 taxa for tree inference. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of these data support the monophyly of haptophytes and cryptophytes. This relationship is consistent with a gene replacement via horizontal gene transfer of plastid-encoded rpl36 that is uniquely shared by these taxa. The haptophytes + cryptophytes are sister to a clade that includes all other chromalveolates and, surprisingly, two members of the Rhizaria, Reticulomyxa filosa and Bigelowiella natans. The association of the two Rhizaria with chromalveolates is supported by the approximately unbiased (AU)-test and when the fastest evolving amino acid sites are removed from the 16-protein alignment.
Thirty-day incidence and six-month clinical outcome of thrombotic stent occlusion after bare-metal, sirolimus, or paclitaxel stent implantation
Authors: Andrew T.L. Ong, Angela Hoye, Jiro Aoki, Carlos A.G. van Mieghem, Gaston A. Rodriguez Granillo, Karel Sonnenschein, Evelyn Regar, Eugene P. McFadden, Georgios Sianos, Willem J. van der Giessen, Peter P.T. de Jaegere, Pim de Feyter, Ron T. van Domburg, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Graft Versus Leukemia Response Without Graft-versus-host Disease Elicited By Adoptively Transferred Multivirus-specific T-cells
Authors: Jan J Melenhorst, Paul Castillo, Patrick J Hanley, Michael D Keller, Robert A Krance, Judith Margolin, Ann M Leen, Helen E Heslop, A John Barrett, Cliona M Rooney, Catherine M Bollard
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

A 12-year-old boy with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia received a haploidentical transplant from his mother. As prophylaxis for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus, he received ex vivo expanded virus-specific donor T cells 3.5 months after transplant. Four weeks later leukemic blasts bearing the E2A deletion, identified by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), appeared transiently in the blood followed by a FISH-negative hematological remission, which was sustained until a testicular relapse 3.5 months later. Clearance of the circulating leukemic cells coincided with a marked increase in circulating virus-specific T cells. The virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) line showed strong polyfunctional reactivity with the patient's leukemic cells but not phytohemagglutinin (PHA) blasts, suggesting that virus-specific CTL lines may have clinically significant antileukemia activity. A 12-year-old boy with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia received a haploidentical transplant from his mother. As prophylaxis for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus, he received ex vivo expanded virus-specific donor T cells 3.5 months after transplant. Four weeks later leukemic blasts bearing the E2A deletion, identified by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), appeared transiently in the blood followed by a FISH-negative hematological remission, which was sustained until a testicular relapse 3.5 months later. Clearance of the circulating leukemic cells coincided with a marked increase in circulating virus-specific T cells. The virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) line showed strong polyfunctional reactivity with the patient's leukemic cells but not phytohemagglutinin (PHA) blasts, suggesting that virus-specific CTL lines may have clinically significant antileukemia activity.
Doctors’ and Patients’ Preferences for Participation and Treatment in Curative Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Peep F.M. Stalmeier, Julia J. van Tol-Geerdink, Emile N.J.Th. van Lin, Erik Schimmel, Henk Huizenga, Willem A.J. van Daal, Jan-Willem Leer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose Physicians hold opinions about unvoiced patient preferences, so-called substitute preferences. We studied whether doctors can predict preferences of patients supported with a decision aid. Methods A total of 150 patients with prostate cancer facing radiotherapy were included. After the initial consultation, without discussing any treatment choice, physicians gave substitute judgments for patients' decision-making and radiation dose preferences. Physicians knew that several weeks later, patients would be empowered by a decision aid supporting a choice between two radiation doses involving a trade-off between disease-free survival and adverse effects. Subsequently, patient preferences for decision making (whether or not they wanted to choose a radiation dose) and for treatment (low or high dose) were obtained. The chosen radiation dose actually was administered. Results Of the patients studied, 79% chose a treatment; physicians believed that 66% of the patients wanted to choose. Agreement was poor (64%; κ = 0.13; P = .11), and was better as patients became more hopeful (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4 per unit; P = .001) and as physicians' experience increased (OR = 1.09 per year; P = .02). Twenty percent of physicians' preferences, 51% of physicians' substitute preferences, and 71% of patients' preferences favored the lower dose; agreement was again poor (70%; κ = 0.2; P = .03). Conclusion Physicians had problems predicting the preferences of patients empowered with a decision aid. They slightly underestimated patients' decision-making preferences, and underestimated patients' preferences for the less toxic treatment. Counseling might be improved by first informing patients—possibly using a decision aid—before discussing patient preferences.
Blood Pharmacokinetics of Various Monoclonal Antibodies Labeled with a New Trifunctional Chelating Reagent for Simultaneous Conjugation with 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-<i>N,N</i>′,<i>N</i>″,<i>N</i>‴-Tetraacetic Acid and Biotin before Radiolabeling
Authors: Zhongmin Wang, Linda Mårtensson, Rune Nilsson, Pär-Ola Bendahl, Lars Lindgren, Tomas Ohlsson, Hans-Olov Sjögren, Sven-Erik Strand, Jan Tennvall
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Knowledge of the blood pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies is crucial in deciding the optimal time for starting the administration of a "clearing agent" or using a "clearing device." The primary purpose was to investigate whether the pharmacokinetics of various antibodies labeled with the same chelator and (111)In differed significantly after i.v. injection in immunocompetent rats. A new trifunctional chelator called "1033" containing a biotin and a radiometal chelation moiety is introduced, making it possible to use only one conjugation procedure for the antibody.Sixty-five non-tumor-bearing rats were included and divided into four groups (I-IV). The blood pharmacokinetics was investigated for rituximab, BR96, and trastuzumab labeled with 1033 and (111)In (I-III). The whole-body activity and activity uptake in muscle, liver, and kidney, which might explain differences in the early pharmacokinetics in blood, were also measured. hMN14 labeled with another chelator [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)], but with the same radionuclide ((111)In-biotin-DOTA-hMN14), was studied (IV). The blood pharmacokinetics from another 15 tumor-bearing rats was compared with those of non-tumor-bearing rats (III) by injection of (111)In-1033-BR96.No statistical difference was detected between the groups regarding the blood pharmacokinetics of rituximab, BR96, or trastuzumab. The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of (111)In-biotin-DOTA-hMN14 exhibited a clear difference compared with others. There were no significant differences in the blood pharmacokinetics of (111)In-1033-BR96 between tumor-bearing rats and non-tumor-bearing rats.Different antibodies labeled with the trifunctional chelator 1033 and (111)In did not exhibit different blood pharmacokinetics, which means that the pharmacokinetics could be predicted irrespective of the IgG1 antibody chosen. A small tumor burden did not change the pharmacokinetics of the radioimmunoconjugates.
STUDIES ON REACTIONS RELATING TO CARBOHYDRATES AND POLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: T. H. Evans, W. Lincoln Hawkins, Harold Hibbert
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1941)

Anti-Leuconostoc mesenteroides sera have been produced in rabbits. These antisera gave precipitin reactions with relatively high dilutions of the homologous polysaccharide, dextran, having a maximum nitrogen content of 0.08 per cent. It can therefore be concluded that this dextran is a haptene.
Lessons from Complex Interventions to Improve Health
Authors: Penelope Hawe
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2015)

Complexity—resulting from interactions among many component parts—is a property of both the intervention and the context (or system) into which it is placed. Complexity increases the unpredictability of effects. Complexity invites new approaches to logic modeling, definitions of integrity and means of standardization, and evaluation. New metaphors and terminology are needed to capture the recognition that knowledge generation comes from the hands of practitioners/implementers as much as it comes from those usually playing the role of intervention researcher. Failure to acknowledge this may blind us to the very mechanisms we seek to understand. Researchers in clinical settings are documenting health improvement gains made as a consequence of complex systems thinking. Improvement science in clinical settings has much to offer researchers in population health.
Re: On the Use of Familial Aggregation in Population-Based Case Probands for Calculating Penetrance
Authors: C. I. Amos
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2002)

In a recent issue of the Journal (1), Begg describes potential biases in our (2) and other population-based casescreening studies that estimate mutation penetrance through kin-cohort methods (3).The main issue raised by Begg is that a case series represents individuals selected to have risk factors that place them at excess disease risk.To the extent that any risk factors are overrepresented among case relatives-because of either genetic or familial reasonsfamily members of both carrier and noncarrier probands will show excess disease incidence, and thus mutation penetrance will be overestimated.We agree with this theoretical argument but question the degree of bias actually present in the published studies of breast and ovarian cancer and mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 to which Begg refers (1).In particular, our penetrance estimates of breast cancer based on an ovarian cancer case series are unlikely to be biased (2).Disease risk to a given age among carrier and noncarrier relatives is found by treating the relatives as a cohort and performing a Cox regression analysis on it, with age at diagnosis, death, or end of follow-up as the time variable and with proband mutation status as the exposure.This method yields an estimate of the relative risk (RR) of disease among relatives associated with proband mutation status, as well as a product-limit estimate of the survivor function for the noncarrier relatives (S 0 ).The estimated mutation penetrance is 1 + S 0 -2(S 0 ) RR .This method is robust in the usual circumstances of one (or sometimes two) affected first-degree relatives per family, but generalized estimating equation methods can also be used.As Begg notes (1), the estimated RR is not subject to the bias; only S 0 is subject to bias.In fact, 1 + S 0 -2(S 0 ) RR estimates the penetrance for any similar base population to which the RR would apply.Therefore, for studies such as ours (2) that use this method, and in the very usual circumstances where mutation frequency is low in the population, the observed RR values can certainly be used
Reduction of gastric ulcer recurrence after suppression of Helicobacter pylori by cefixime.
Authors: M Tatsuta, H Ishikawa, H Iishi, S Okuda, Y Yokota
Journal: Gut (1990)

The effect on the recurrence of gastric ulcers after suppression of Helicobacter pylori by combined treatment with cimetidine and the antimicrobial drug cefixime was investigated. Twenty one of 43 patients with endoscopically proved gastric ulcer and H pylori infection were randomly assigned to receive cimetidine 800 mg daily for 12 weeks; the remaining 22 patients received cimetidine 800 mg daily for 12 weeks plus cefixime 100 mg daily for the last two weeks. After treatment, 88% of 17 patients on cimetidine only remained H pylori positive, whereas combined administration of cimetidine and cefixime had suppressed H pylori in 78% of 18 patients (p less than 0.05). Seventeen patients in the former group whose ulcers healed but who remained H pylori positive and 18 patients in the latter group whose ulcers healed and who were no longer infected with H pylori continued to be followed after treatment. These patients underwent endoscopy to detect ulcer recurrence if symptomatic, or at 12 and 24 weeks if asymptomatic. At 12 weeks, recurrence was observed in seven of 15 (47%) patients in whom H pylori persisted, but in only one of 14 (7%) patients in whom H pylori had been suppressed (p less than 0.05). At 24 weeks, however, recurrence rates were similar between the two groups. These findings indicate that H pylori infection may be closely related to early ulcer recurrence.