tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Risk--Reply
Authors: M. G. Shlipak
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vasoactive Peptides and the Carcinoid Syndrome
Authors: Peter J. Goadsby, Lars Edvinsson, Paul S. Haber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1988Vasoactive Peptides and the Carcinoid SyndromePETER J. GOADSBY, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., LARS EDVINSSON, M.D., Ph.D., PAUL S. HABER, M.B.B.S.PETER J. GOADSBY, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., LARS EDVINSSON, M.D., Ph.D., PAUL S. HABER, M.B.B.S.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-6-904_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The combination of diarrhea, paroxysmal flushing, and right-sided valvular heart disease is well recognizedas the carcinoid syndrome. The association of both the diarrhea and cardiac disease with elevated levels of serotonin has been well recognized, although the cause of the flushing has never been clarified (1). Both serotonin and substance P levels have been shown to be elevated in peripheral venous blood samplesfrom patients with the carcinoid syndrome (2), although somatostatin has been successfully used to treat flushing (3), suggesting a humoral basis for this manifestation. The study of a possible role for neuropeptides in carcinoid syndrome...References1. OATES J. The carcinoid syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:702-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. EMSONGILBERTMARTENSSONNOBIN PRHA. Elevated concentrationsof substance P and 5-HT in plasma in patients with carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 1984;54:715-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FROLICHBLOOMGARDENOATESMCGUIGANRABINOWITZ JZJJD. The carcinoid flush. Provocation by pentagastrin and inhibitionby somatostatin. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:1055-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GOADSBYEDVINSSONEKMAN PLR. Release of vasoactive peptides in the extracerebral circulation of man and the cat during activation of the trigeminovascular system. Ann Neurol. 1988;23:193-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByChallenges in developing drugs for primary headachesIncreased intestinal non-substance P tachykinin concentrations in malignant midgut carcinoid disease 1 June 1988Volume 108, Issue 6Page: 904-904KeywordsBloodCardiovascular therapyDiarrheaHeart diseasesNeuropeptidesSerotoninSomatostatin Issue Published: 1 June 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Accumulation of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of human coronary atheroma, the predilection site of atheromatous rupture.
Authors: M Kaartinen, A Penttilä, P T Kovanen
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Rupture in the shoulder region of a coronary atheroma is considered to be a sequel to local extracellular matrix degradation in this highly vulnerable site. Such degradation could be triggered by mast cells, which are filled with neutral proteases and are present in coronary atheromas. However, the distribution and phenotype of mast cells within coronary atheromas have not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Specimens of normal and atherosclerotic human coronary intima from 32 autopsy cases with ages ranging from 13 to 67 years were stained with monoclonal antibodies against the two major proteases of mast cells, tryptase and chymase. Of the tryptase-containing mast cells, a variable proportion (average, 40%; range, 0% to 100%) also contained chymase. In the normal coronary intimas, mast cells amounted to 0.1% of all nucleated cells. In the fatty streaks, this proportion was higher by 9-fold, and in the cap, core, and shoulder regions of atheromas by 5-, 5-, and 10-fold, respectively. Electron and light microscopic studies of mast cells in the shoulder region of atheromas revealed degranulation of mast cells, a sign of their activation, and moreover, that the proportion of activated mast cells was much higher (85%) in this region than in the normal intima (18%). CONCLUSIONS The far higher proportion (50-fold) of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of atheromas supports the hypothesis that mast cells, a cell type capable of triggering matrix degradation, actively participate in the destabilization and ensuing rupture of coronary atheromas and thus may trigger an acute coronary event.
Factors predisposing to perinatal death related to uterine rupture during attempted vaginal birth after caesarean section: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gordon C S Smith, Jill P Pell, Dharmintra Pasupathy, Richard Dobbie
Journal: BMJ (2004)

To determine the factors associated with an increased risk of perinatal death related to uterine rupture during attempted vaginal birth after caesarean section.Population based retrospective cohort study.Data from the linked Scottish Morbidity Record and Stillbirth and Infant Death Survey of births in Scotland, 1985-98.All women with one previous caesarean delivery who gave birth to a singleton infant at term by a means other than planned repeat caesarean section (n = 35 854).All intrapartum uterine rupture and uterine rupture resulting in perinatal death (that is, death of the fetus or neonate).The overall proportion of vaginal births was 74.2% and of uterine rupture was 0.35%. The risk of intrapartum uterine rupture was higher among women who had not previously given birth vaginally (adjusted odds ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.6 to 3.9, P < 0.001) and those whose labour was induced with prostaglandin (2.9, 2.0 to 4.3, P < 0.001). Both factors were also associated with an increased risk of perinatal death due to uterine rupture. Delivery in a hospital with < 3000 births a year did not increase the overall risk of uterine rupture (1.1, 0.8 to 1.5, P = 0.67). However, the risk of perinatal death due to uterine rupture was significantly higher in hospitals with < 3000 births a year (one per 1300 births) than in hospitals with >or= 3000 births a year (one per 4700; 3.4, 1.0 to 14.3, P = 0.04).Women who have not previously given birth vaginally and those whose labour is induced with prostaglandin are at increased risk of uterine rupture when attempting vaginal birth after caesarean section. The risk of consequent death of the infant is higher in units with lower annual numbers of births.
Significantly worse survival of patients with NIH-defined chronic graft-versus-host disease and thrombocytopenia or progressive onset type: results of a prospective study
Authors: Z Kuzmina, S Eder, A Böhm, E Pernicka, L Vormittag, P Kalhs, V Petkov, G Stary, J Nepp, R Knobler, U Just, K Krenn, N Worel, H T Greinix
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Thoracic myelolipoma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology
Authors: M. Rossi, D. Ravizza, G. Fiori, C. Trovato, G. Renne, M. Miller, D. Tamayo, C. Crosta
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Myelolipomas are rare, benign, unilateral tumors of the adrenal gland, and are usually asymptomatic [1] [2]. Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are most commonly found in the presacral or other retroperitoneal regions; only 3 % of these tumors are found in the thorax [3].
Magnetic resonance–determined sodium removal from tissue stores in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Anke Dahlmann, Kathrin Dörfelt, Florian Eicher, Peter Linz, Christoph Kopp, Irina Mössinger, Stephan Horn, Beatrix Büschges-Seraphin, Peter Wabel, Matthias Hammon, Alexander Cavallaro, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Peter Kotanko, Nathan W. Levin, Bernd Johannes, Michael Uder, Friedrich C. Luft, Dominik N. Müller, Jens M. Titze
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Environmental Health Assessment of Deltamethrin in a Malarious Area of Mexico: Environmental Persistence, Toxicokinetics, and Genotoxicity in Exposed Children
Authors: María D. Ortiz-Pérez, Arturo Torres-Dosal, Lilia E. Batres, Olga D. López-Guzmán, M. Grimaldo, C. Carranza, Iván N. Pérez-Maldonado, Flavio Martínez, José Pérez-Urizar, Fernando Díaz-Barriga
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

We reported previously that children are exposed to deltamethrin in malarious areas. In the present work we explored the levels of this insecticide in soil samples and also obtained relevant toxicokinetic data of deltamethrin in exposed children. Results show that, after spraying, indoor levels of deltamethrin in soil samples were higher than outdoor levels. The mean half-life estimated with these data was 15.5 days for outdoor samples and 15.4 days for indoor samples. Children's exposure to deltamethrin was assessed using as biomarkers the urinary concentrations of the metabolites 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Br2CA). The mean level of both biomarkers reached a peak within the first 24 hr postexposure; 6 months after the initial exposure, urinary levels of 3-PBA and Br2CA were found at levels observed before exposure. Approximately 91% of the total 3-PBA or Br2CA was excreted during the first 3 days after exposure. Therefore, we estimated a half-life for this period, the values for 3-PBA and Br2CA being almost identical (13.5 vs. 14.5 hr). Finally, considering reports about the genotoxicity of deltamethrin, we assessed DNA damage in children before and 24 hr after indoor spraying of deltamethrin; we found no differences in the comet assay end points. In conclusion, we observed exposure to deltamethrin in children, but we did not find any relationship between soil concentrations of deltamethrin and urinary levels of the metabolites. At least for genotoxicity, the exposed children appeared not to be at risk.
Children’s Orthopaedics and Fractures
Authors: Norman Y. Otsuka
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract C47: Quantitative mass spectrometry reveals that enzymes of the ketogenic pathway are upregulated during high-grade prostate cancer
Authors: Punit Saraon, Keith Jarvi, Eleftherios P. Diamandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men. One common treatment is androgen-deprivation therapy, which reduces symptoms in most patients. However, over time, patients develop tumors that are androgen-independent and ultimately fatal. The mechanisms that cause this transition remain largely unknown, and as a result, there are no effective treatments against androgen-independent prostate cancer. As a model platform, we used the LNCaP cell line, and its androgen independent derivative, LNCaP-SF. By using stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) coupled to mass spectrometry, we assessed the differential global protein expression between the two cell lines. Our proteomic analysis resulted in the quantification of 3355 proteins, in total. Bioinformatic prioritization resulted in 42 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated proteins in LNCaP-SF cells, compared to LNCaP cells. Our top candidate was HMGCS2, an enzyme involved in ketogenesis, was found to be 9-fold elevated in LNCaP-SF cells, based on peptide ratios. After analyzing the remaining enzymes of this pathway (ACAT1, BDH1, HMGCL, OXCT1), we observed increased expression of these proteins in the LNCaP-SF cells. This was further verified using western blotting, indicating the importance of this pathway during the progression of prostate cancer to androgen-independence. To determine whether these enzymes are up-regulated in clinical samples, we performed qPCR analysis on human prostate cancer tissues, from which we observed significantly increased transcript levels of HMGCS2 (p&amp;lt;0.05), OXCT1 (P&amp;lt;0.05), ACAT1 (p&amp;lt;0.001), and BDH1 (p&amp;lt;0.001). In addition, the protein expression of all five ketogenic pathway enzymes was elevated in high grade prostate cancer (Gleason Grade &amp;gt;8) based on immunohistochemistry analysis. ACAT1 displayed the most prominent protein expression patterns, as it exhibited very minimal staining in normal samples, moderate levels in low grade cancer, and high expression during high grade disease. Further assessment of ACAT1 expression demonstrated significantly greater ACAT1 expression in bone metastatic lesions (P&amp;lt;0.001). Altogether, our results indicate that enzymes belonging to the ketogenic pathway become up-regulated during high grade prostate cancer, and could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of high grade disease. Citation Format: Punit Saraon, Keith Jarvi, Eleftherios P. Diamandis. Quantitative mass spectrometry reveals that enzymes of the ketogenic pathway are upregulated during high-grade prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C47.
Measurement of Thickness of Pleural Effusions Using an Impedance Probe: An Aid in Thoracentesis
Authors: STEPHEN R. ASH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Letters1 March 1975Measurement of Thickness of Pleural Effusions Using an Impedance Probe: An Aid in ThoracentesisSTEPHEN R. ASH, M.D.STEPHEN R. ASH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-3-380 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA peripheral density on chest X ray often poses the question of pleural fluid versus parenchymal disease. Due to fluid loculation in inflammatory disease, a lateral decubitus film will not always indicate the presence of fluid. Thoracentesis done with a small needle will indicate free fluid; however, the depth of this fluid is not easily determined by probing with a small needle, and such probing is dangerous, since the lung is usually penetrated before any resistance is felt. Insertion of a large through-the-needle catheter is often done at this point, but the amount of fluid removed through this catheter does...References1. GRANT F: Localization of brain tumors by determination of the electrical resistance of the growth. JAMA 81:2169-2171, 1923 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. AGUILARTACHIBANABIRZIS JSL: Tissue impedance along probe trajectories in thalamotomy. Confin Neurol 32:255-262, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FRYFRYLEICHNER WFG: Tissue interface detector for ventriculography and other applications. J Neurosurg 19:793-798, 1962 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GILDENBERGZANESFLITTER PCM: Impedance measuring device for detection of penetration of the spinal cord in anterior percutaneous cervical cordotomy. Technical note. J Neurosurg 30:87-92, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. FOXGREEN JR: Electrical resistance in percutaneous cordotomy. Technical note. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 20:53-58, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Indiana University Medical Center 1100 West Michigan St. Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1975Volume 82, Issue 3Page: 380-381KeywordsCathetersLungsPleural effusionThorax Issue Published: 1 March 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cellular immunity to hepatitis C virus core protein and the response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Juan-José Lasarte, Marta García-Granero, Ascensión López, Noelia Casares, Nicolás García, María-Pilar Civeira, Francisco Borrás-Cuesta, Jesús Prieto
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

To investigate the involvement of T-cell response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens in viral clearance after interferon therapy, we measured interleukin-2 (IL-2) production by peripheral mononuclear cells in response to HCV core in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In a cohort of 43 patients, we investigated the frequency of circulating core-specific T-helper (Th) cell precursors by the limiting-dilution assay, and in a second cohort of 60 patients, we analyzed the response to specific core epitopes using 52 synthetic 15-mer overlapping peptides. We observed that the frequency of core-specific Th cell precursors was significantly higher in patients with sustained biochemical and virological response (SR) after interferon (IFN) therapy (median, 1/55,736) than in untreated patients (1/274,023) or that in patients who remained viremic after completion of the treatment—nonresponders (NR) plus transient responders (TR) (1/1,909,972). Patients who failed to respond to IFN (NR) and those who relapsed after IFN discontinuation (TR) had a similarly low number of precursors. The number of core peptides recognized by SR, TR, NR, UT, and healthy controls was 8.2 ± 1.5, 6.5 ± 1.2, 2.0 ± 0.5, 2.7 ± 0.9, and 0.3 ± 0.2, respectively. In SR, the intensity of the proliferative response to core peptides as estimated by the summation of stimulation indexes (ΣSI) was significantly higher than in NR and than in UT, but not different from that of TR. Our results indicate that both expansion of HCV-specific Th cell precursors and Th cell recognition of multiple core epitopes seem to be important in the elimination of HCV after IFN therapy.
WHO recommends early antiviral treatment for at risk groups with suspected swine flu
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

People in groups at high risk of complications—such as pregnant women, children under 2 years old, and people with underlying medical conditions—and who are suspected of having swine flu should be treated promptly with antiviral drugs, the World Health Organization said on 12 November.

The updated clinical management guidelines were announced amid an upsurge in cases of pandemic flu in some countries in Europe and Asia.

Previously, WHO guidance focused on how to treat severe cases and …
Women Scientists Explore More Ways to Smash Through the 'Glass Ceiling'
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

RALLIED BY WOMEN who have made it to the top, several hundred physicians and scientists—mostly women— gathered in Bethesda, Md, to discuss how to overcome obstacles to women's full participation in the biomedical sciences. New hard data on the reality of the so-called "glass ceiling" that keeps women from achieving their potential (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1813-1817 and 1854-1855) came surprisingly from pediatrics, the medical specialty that has attracted the most women physicians for the longest time. Only six of the 126 pediatric departments in the United States are chaired by women, says Jane Schaller, MD, chair of pediatrics for the New England Medical Center Hospitals, Boston, Mass. A survey by the Association of Academic Pediatric Department Chairmen revealed that two thirds of men in academic pediatrics but only one third of women are associate professors or above, and that women make on average $11000 less than men. Child rearing was cited most
A High-Pressure Injector for Sclerotherapy of Oesophageal Varices
Authors: H. Schellong, H. Gierden, G. Bueß
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

In the intravascular sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices, the success of the procedure depends upon the precision and rapidity of injection of the sclerosant. With the aid of a high-pressure injector, which has been tested in a total of 174 sclerotherapeutic procedures, 10 ml of the sclerosant can be injected within 7 seconds, without any particular manual effort being required.
KIDNEY STONE AS A DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEM
Authors: B. H. NICHOLS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

No consideration of kidney stones as a diagnostic problem is complete without a review of the clinical and urologic symptoms presented by this type of disease of the kidney. If we are to study only the cases in which the suspicion that a stone may be present is aroused by pain of the renal colic type, then many cases of renal calculus will remain undiagnosed. There are many cases in which pain in the genito-urinary tract is a minor complaint or is entirely absent, and I feel that in such cases, which present an atypical symptomatologic syndrome, the liability of an error in diagnosis is most apt to occur. In order to obviate this, a wholesome respect must be paid to all the symptoms that may be present in a patient suffering with a calculus of the kidney.  I am prompted to prepare this paper by the frequency with which
T Cell Exit from Quiescence and Differentiation into Th2 Cells Depend on Raptor-mTORC1-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Kai Yang, Sharad Shrestha, Hu Zeng, Peer W.F. Karmaus, Geoffrey Neale, Peter Vogel, David A. Guertin, Richard F. Lamb, Hongbo Chi
Journal: Immunity (2013)
Immunity to Cancer
Authors: R. Wyburn-Mason
Journal: BMJ (1969)

These were the war and postwar years when refined sugar was rationed and our bread contained more natural fibre.The correction of colonic stasis by the addition of sufficient bran to the diet relieves the pain of diverticular disease.Therefore, not only is there a great deal of evidence that a low residue diet causes the disease, but also that a high residue diet would prevent its appearance.Furthermore, the addition of roughage to the diet in the form of wholemeal bread and additional bran is of benefit even when the disease is already established and is causing symptoms.-Iam, etc.,