tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Purging metastases in lymphoid organs using a combination of antigen-nonspecific adoptive T cell therapy, oncolytic virotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Jian Qiao, Timothy Kottke, Candice Willmon, Feorillo Galivo, Phonphimon Wongthida, Rosa Maria Diaz, Jill Thompson, Pamela Ryno, Glen N Barber, John Chester, Peter Selby, Kevin Harrington, Alan Melcher, Richard G Vile
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Which Is the Graft of Choice for the Right Coronary and Posterior Descending Arteries?
Authors: Charles A. Dietl, Charles H. Benoit, Christian L. Gilbert, Edward L. Woods, William F. Pharr, Marie D. Berkheimer, N. Patrick Madigan, Francis J. Menapace
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The graft of choice for the left anterior descending coronary artery is the left internal mammary artery because of superior long-term patency. However, controversy exists regarding the graft of choice for the right coronary artery and for the posterior descending branch. Methods and Results Two types of pedicled arterial grafts were used for the right coronary and the posterior descending arteries in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery between January 1991 and September 1994. Group A comprised 114 patients with a right internal mammary artery (RIMA) graft, and group B consisted of 127 patients with an in situ right gastroepiploic artery (R-GEA) graft. Mean age was 56.9 years in group A and 63.3 years in group B; 7.9% (9 of 114) and 33.9% (43 of 127) were diabetics in groups A and B, respectively. Overall mortality was 2.6% (3 deaths) for group A and 3.9% (5 deaths) for group B ( P =NS). However, the prevalence of perioperative myocardial infarction in the right coronary artery distribution was significantly higher for group A (5.3%, or 6 of 114) than for group B (0.8%, or 1 of 127; P &lt;.05), and the reoperation rate for graft failure (from 0 to 12 months after surgery) was significantly higher for the RIMA (4.4%, or 5 of 114) than for the R-GEA (0%; P &lt;.05). Also, the prevalence of deep sternal wound infection in diabetics was significantly higher in group A (22.2%, or 2 of 9) than in group B (4.6%, or 2 of 43; P &lt;.05). Conclusions Our preliminary results suggest that the failure rate of the RIMA graft is significantly higher, especially if used as a pedicled graft to the posterior descending artery. The risk of sternal wound complications is greater in diabetics if both internal mammary arteries are used for grafting. Therefore, the R-GEA graft is preferred in diabetics and whenever the posterior descending artery is the target vessel.
Relationship Between Progressive Microvascular Damage and Intramyocardial Hemorrhage in Patients With Reperfused Anterior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Toshihiko Asanuma, Kazuaki Tanabe, Koichi Ochiai, Hiroyuki Yoshitomi, Ko Nakamura, Yo Murakami, Kazuya Sano, Toshio Shimada, Rinji Murakami, Shigefumi Morioka, Shintaro Beppu
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Recent studies indicated that ischemic microvascular damage may be reversible or progressive after coronary reflow. Intramyocardial hemorrhage is a phenomenon that reflects severe microvascular injury. We examined the relationship between temporal changes in microvascular perfusion patterns detected by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and intramyocardial hemorrhage detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).The study population consisted of 24 patients with anterior AMI. All patients underwent MCE shortly after reflow and in the chronic stage (a mean of 31 days after reflow). Wall motion score (WMS) was determined as the sum of 16 segmental scores (dyskinetic/akinetic=3 to normal=0) at days 1 and 31. Gradient-echo acquisition and gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced spin-echo MRI were performed within 10 days after reflow. In MCE shortly after reflow, 16 patients (67%) showed contrast enhancement and the other 8 patients (33%) showed a sizable contrast defect. In the chronic stage, a persistent contrast defect was observed in 7 of 8 patients with a contrast defect shortly after reflow. Consistent contrast enhancement was observed in 12 of 16 patients (75%) with contrast enhancement shortly after reflow, indicating that a contrast defect newly appeared in 4 patients (25%). Intramyocardial hemorrhage was detected in 9 patients (38%): 5 of 7 patients with a persistent contrast defect and in all 4 patients with a new appearance of a contrast defect during the chronic stage. The patients without hemorrhage showed a significant improvement in WMS compared with patients with hemorrhage at day 31 (5+/-5 versus 19+/-6, P<.0005).These results suggest that irreversible microvascular damage to the ischemic myocardium may cause intramyocardial hemorrhage after reflow, associated with impaired recovery of left ventricular function. Contrast enhancement within the risk area shortly after reflow does not necessarily indicate long-term microvascular salvage.
Neither ventricles nor afterload relief influence the raised plasma atrial natriuretic factor induced by volume expansion in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
Authors: D. Lachance, R. Garcia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — The aims were (1) to study the influence of afterload relief on the rise in atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) which occurs during acute volume expansion in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR); (2) to assess the contribution of the atria and the ventricles to ANF release under these circumstances. Design — In the first series of experiments, SHR were treated with captopril (150 mg·kg−1·d1) orally for 10 d. Untreated SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats served as controls. Volume expansion, equivalent to 10% of the total blood volume, was performed three times with human plasma protein fraction at 15 min intervals on conscious animals. Some haemodynamic variables and plasma ANF were measured. Tissue ANF measurements were conducted on another series of treated and control SHR not submitted to volume expansion. In another series of experiments, conscious SHR and WKY rats were submitted to repetitive 30% volume expansion (three times at 15 min intervals). Non-expanded animals served as controls. At the end of the experiments, tissue ANF measurements were performed. Experimental material — All experiments were conducted on 15 week old SHR and WKY rats. Measurements and main results — Captopril treatment reduced systolic blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in SHR. During volume expansion, changes in left ventricular end diastolic pressure were greater in control SHR than in treated SHR or WKY rats. Central venous pressure was affected similarly by volume expansion in both SHR groups. Plasma ANF rises induced by volume expansion were equal in all groups. Captopril treatment had no effect on right or left auricular ANF content prior to volume expansion. Repetitive 30% expansion reduced both right and left auricular ANF concentrations to the same extent (approximately 300-1500 ng·mg−1 protein) in SHR and WKY groups. Ventricular ANF was not affected by volume expansion in SHR, whereas volume expanded WKY rats had higher right and left ventricular ANF concentrations than their non-expanded controls. Conclusions — (1) The increase in plasma ANF during volume expansion is not impaired in SHR with newly established hypertension; (2) captopril treatment decreases afterload and the changes in left ventricular end diastolic pressure during volume expansion in SHR, without affecting plasma ANF increases; (3) both the auricles, but not the ventricles, contribute to enhanced ANF secretion caused by acute volume expansion in SHR and WKY rats.
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Ventilated Patients
Authors: J. G. Moore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 November 1994Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Ventilated PatientsJ. G. MooreJ. G. MooreAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The data of Prod'hom and colleagues [1] clearly implicate acid-reducing strategies in the genesis of intensive care unit-based nosocomial pneumonia. Although the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia reported in their study (21.7% [53 of 244 patients]) was somewhat less than that noted in earlier reports (27%) [2], it still exceeds the incidence of significant gastrointestinal bleeding events in the intensive care unit (<5%) for which acid-reducing strategies were originally designed [3]. Thus, a Hobson's choice is created with acid suppression in the intensive care unit: Too little results in increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal bleeding events, and too much ...References1. Prod'hom G, Leuenberger P, Koerfer J, Blum A, Chiolero R, Schaller MD, et al. Nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients receiving antacid, ranitidine, or sucralfate as prophylaxis for stress ulcer. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:653-62. Google Scholar2. George D. Epidemiology of nosocomial ventilation-associated pneumonia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1993; 14:163-9. Google Scholar3. Shuman RB, Schuster DP, Zuckerman GR. Prophylactic therapy for stress ulcer bleeding: a reappraisal. Ann Intern Med. 1987; 106:562-7. Google Scholar4. Heyland D, Bradley C, Mandell L. Effect of acidified internal feedings on gastric colonization in the critically ill patient. Crit Care Med. 1992; 20:1388-94. Google Scholar5. Cook DJ, Fuller HD, Guyatt GH, Marshall JC, Leasa D, Hall R, et al. Risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1994; 330:377-81. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. G. Moore PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 10Page: 816-817KeywordsCoagulopathyHemorrhageIntensive care unitsPneumoniaProphylaxisProspective studiesUlcers ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 83: A role of hepatic retinoid storage in diethynitrosamine-induced hepatic injury and hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Yohei Shirakami, Hisataka Moriwaki, William S. Blaner
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The liver is the main tissue site of retinoid (vitamin A and its derivatives) storage in the body and the non-parenchymal hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is the major cellular site of retinoid storage within the liver. Lipid droplets of HSCs contain a number of bioactive metabolites including retinoids. Following liver injury, HSCs undergo a process known as activation. Loss of retinyl esters, the retinoid storage form, and lipid droplets from HSCs is one of the first events in the development of hepatic disease, leading progressively to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the loss of lipid droplets is a hallmark of HSC activation, whether it is a cause or consequence of the HSC activation process is unclear. Moreover, the contribution of the loss of hepatic retinoid storage to hepatic injury and hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. To investigate the role of hepatic retinoid storage and retinoid-containing lipid droplets in hepatic injury and hepatocarcingenesis, we studied diethynitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) knockout (KO) mice, which lack retinoid-containing lipid droplets in their HSCs, and in retinol-binding protein (RBP) KO mice, which are unable to mobilize hepatic retinoid stores. We measured a number of factors implicated in hepatic injury and cancer initiation. Using an acute hepatic injury model for investigating cancer initiation, assessment of mRNA levels by qRT-PCR of TNF alpha and TGF beta in livers of LRAT KO mice indicated that these mice were more susceptible to cancer initiation than WT mice. On the other hand RBP KO mice showed less susceptibility. LRAT KO mice showed higher levels of CYP26A1, a gene whose expression is known to be highly and directly responsive to retinoic acid level, suggesting that hepatic retinoic acid levels in LRAT KO mice were higher than that of WT, and that this may influence hepatic injury and carcinogenesis. Overall, our data suggest that hepatic retinoid storage can influence the progression of hepatic disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 83.
Treating Diabetes With Surgery
Authors: Bruce M. Wolfe, Jonathan Q. Purnell, Steven H. Belle
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Battle over SCHIP
Authors: John K Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Interview with Sara Rosenbaum on the battle over the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). (07:06)Download Reauthorization of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), which was considered a routine matter until recently because of the program's success in expanding coverage to children of the working poor, has become embroiled in a larger struggle over ideologies that divide the political parties. The immediate battle to reauthorize SCHIP, for which the legal mandate expires on September 30, will resume this fall as Democrats, who command the House and Senate by slender margins, seek to stand up to President Bush, who has said he would veto the SCHIP bills approved by the two chambers because they authorize too . . .
Alcohol Hypoglycemia
Authors: Ronald A. Arky, Norbert Freinkel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

IN normal man oxidative demands during the immediate postprandial period (the "fed state"1) are largely met by carbohydrates and proteins of recent dietary origin. As food is withheld (the "fasted state"1), preformed or endogenously renewed stores of carbohydrate, protein and fat are substituted. However, their relative contributions to the endogenous substrate mixture change progressively during prolonged starvation. Whereas carbohydrates and proteins are initially prominent, fat eventually becomes the predominant fuel except in structures such as the erythrocytes and nerve tissue, in which substrates other than glucose cannot be substituted.2 The greatest challenge to production of glucose from endogenous . . .
Safety, efficacy and duration of therapeutic effect of tazarotene used in the treatment of plaque psoriasis
Authors: G. D. WEINSTEIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Safety, efficacy and duration of therapeutic effect of tazarotene used in the treatment of plaque psoriasis Get access G. D. WEINSTEIN G. D. WEINSTEIN University of California, Irvine, California, U.S.A. Dr G. D. Weinstein, Chairman, Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92717, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue s49, 1 October 1996, Pages 32–36, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb15664.x Published: 01 October 1996
Book Review Naples in the Time of Cholera, 1884 –1911 By Frank M. Snowden. 478 pp. New York, Cambridge University Press, 1996. $59.95. 0-521-48310-7 Cholera in Post-Revolutionary Paris: A cultural history (Studies on the History of Science and Culture. Vol. 25.) By Catherine Kudlick. 293 pp. Berkeley, Calif., University of California Press, 1996. $40. 0-520-20273-2
Authors: Parker A. Small, Natalie S. Small
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)
The Hyposulphites in Infectious Diseases.
Authors: Joseph Jones
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —I confess to no little chagrin, as well as surprise, at your statement in a paper on the value of the hyposulphites, that you had "no facts with which to prove" the efficacy of their use in yellow fever, and your regret that your suggestion of their use was not put to the test in the late epidemic at Brunswick. No doubt you have forgotten that in 1879, after the terrible epidemic in Memphis, I called upon you and laid before you for inspection my little work on yellow fever just then issued in which, in the chapters on prophylaxis and treatment, the use of the hyposulphites was strenuously advocated and supported by the report of hundreds of cases. This was also confirmed by my work in 1888 in Jacksonville, and extensively reported at that time. When I wrote the work on yellow fever I was Professor of Anatomy
Counterpoint: Clinical Islet Transplantation: Not Ready for Prime Time
Authors: Mahfuzul H. Khan, David M. Harlan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

β-Cell replacement therapy's great promise is that it can safely and effectively restore insulin-independent euglycemia to individuals with diabetes. Although difficult and expensive, modern insulin-based treatment for type 1 diabetes has lead to remarkable improvements in disease prognosis (1–3). Based on recent population-based epidemiological studies, we have estimated that an individual diagnosed with type 1 diabetes today faces an excess mortality over the next 20 years of ∼2% or ∼0.1% per year (4). Even individuals with long-standing type 1 diabetes sufficiently problematic to be listed for a pancreas transplant have an annual mortality <2.0% per year (5). The perceived weaknesses associated with intensive insulin therapy are its cost estimated in 1996 to be 116,000 USD over a lifetime (6) and its inconvenience requiring meticulous attention to diet, exercise, frequent daily blood glucose measurements, and multiple daily injections. In addition, insulin therapy carries with it an increased risk of serious hypoglycemia (1). We attempt to address whether current β-cell replacement therapies overcome the shortcomings associated with medical management. Certainly, β-cell replacement therapy should not increase the subjects' risk above that associated with standard clinical care.

For patients with type 1 diabetes and end-stage kidney disease, simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation has appropriately achieved standard of care status. SPK recipients can reasonably expect improved and sustained insulin-independent metabolic control, and the surgery demonstrably improves survival rates compared with those medically treated (5). However, the options are much less clear for subjects with long-standing diabetes and preserved kidney function defined as a serum creatinine <2.0 mg/dl. (And with modern therapies, an ever-decreasing minority will develop renal failure.) For such patients, pancreas transplant alone (PTA) or pancreas-after-kidney (PAK) transplantation, despite reasonable insulin-independence rates, does not improve survival and may even increase mortality (5). The underlying cause of the apparent excess mortality post–pancreas transplantation …
CAN HYPERSENSITIVENESS BE ACQUIRED?
Authors: FRANCIS M. RACKEMANN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

During the last five years at the Massachusetts General Hospital, a large group of hypersensitive persons has been studied. The case histories of a number of these persons are so suggestive of the possibility that the hypersensitiveness may have been acquired that it has seemed worth while to review some of them because of the bearing which such a possibility would have on the study of the nature and mechanism of hypersensitiveness in general. Some of these case histories are particularly striking. <h3>REPORT OF CASES</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> —F. O., a chemist, aged 31, has been employed in the dye laboratory of a woolen mill, where he has worked for three years. For the last year he has had sneezing and asthma whenever he goes into this laboratory, but if he stays away he never has trouble. In his work, he handles a great variety of dyes in powder form. When
Assessment of gastric mucosal perfusion during simulated hypovolemia in healthy volunteers.
Authors: J Duranteau, P Sitbon, E Vicaut, A Descorps-Declère, B Vigue, K Samii
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We described here an original device for laser Doppler (LD) flowmetry measurements of gastric mucosal perfusion, which was used here in healthy volunteers. A modified nasogastric tube containing the LD probe was inserted. Aspiration via a catheter, fixed in parallel to the probe, held the probe against the gastric wall. This new device was used to assess gastric mucosal perfusion in seven volunteers during simulated hypovolemia induced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP) application. The LBNP consisted of three successive levels of depression (-10, -20, and -30 mm Hg). Although mean arterial pressure remained unchanged during negative pressure application, there was a significant decrease in cardiac output (transthoracic electrical impedance) at each stage of LBNP. In contrast, gastric mucosal perfusion decreased significantly only at higher level of sympathetic stimulation corresponding to unloading of both cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreflexes (-30 mm Hg). It may be hypothetized that local vascular mechanisms exist to maintain gastric mucosal perfusion during moderate sympathetic stimulation induced by selective unloading of cardiopulmonary receptors. In the healthy volunteers studied, we found that LD flowmetry is a valuable tool to evaluate gastric mucosal perfusion when the probe is maintained in a constant position by the technique described here.
THE BLOOD PRESSURE IN GOUT
Authors: Jacob Rosenbloom
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The literature contains few data on the blood pressure in gout. It is reasonably well established that certain of the purin bases are hypersensitive in action. Desgrez and Dorléans<sup>1</sup>have shown experimentally that the injection of xanthin and of uric acid causes an increase of blood pressure. It is generally understood that in gout a high pressure is the rule with increasing hypertension during the acute attacks (pain), and in the later stages hypotension develops associated with cachexia, acidosis and cardiac weakness. The hypertension is supposed to be of some value in distinguishing between lesions of the joints, the skin and the eye, as to whether they are tuberculous or gouty in origin, on account of the fact that in tuberculosis the blood pressure is usually low. In the past ten years I have carried out frequent blood pressure readings on four patients with classical gout, all subject to