tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deep venous thrombosis of the arm: a study of coagulation and fibrinolysis.
Authors: S B Sundqvist, U Hedner, H K Kullenberg, S E Bergentz
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Sixty consecutive patients with phlebographically verified deep venous thrombosis of the upper arm were studied for disorders of coagulation and fibrinolysis. No appreciable increase in abnormalities of the factor VIII complex, antithrombin III, or inhibitors of activators of fibrinolysis were found. A decreased fibrinolytic defence mechanism, evident either as a deficient release capacity of fibrinolytic activators from the vein during stasis or as decreased fibrinolytic activity in the vein wall as determined histochemically, was found in 26 out of 53 patients studied (49%). It is concluded that deep venous thrombosis of the upper arm is a multifactorial disease. An impaired fibrinolytic defence mechanism is one of the factors that may be of pathogenetic importance.
The Yugoslavia Prospective Study of environmental lead exposure.
Authors: P Factor-Litvak, G Wasserman, J K Kline, J Graziano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The Yugoslavia Prospective Study of environmental lead exposure has studied the associations between exposure to lead and pregnancy outcomes; childhood neuropsychological, behavioral, and physical development; and hematologic, renal, and cardiovascular function. The cohort comprises 577 children born to women recruited at midpregnancy in two towns in Kosovo, Yugoslavia; one town is the site of a lead smelter, refinery, and battery plant and the other is 25 miles away and relatively unexposed. A sample of these children has been followed at 6-month intervals through 7.5 years of age. Blood lead concentrations ranged from 1 to 70 microg/dl. Exposure to lead was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposure was associated with modest decrements in intelligence, small increases in blood pressure, higher risks of proteinuria, small increases in behavior problems, and perturbed hematopoiesis. Only at low level exposures (i.e., <16 microg/dl) were small associations with decreased height found. We discuss methodological problems that may hinder causal interpretation of these data, namely, use of blood lead concentration as an exposure measure, confounding, and town-specific associations. We conclude that while reported associations are small, collectively they lend support to the notion that lead is a toxicant with numerous adverse health effects.
Guidelines for pediatric therapeutic cardiac catheterization. A statement for health professionals from the Committee on Congenital Cardiac Defects of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the American Heart Association.
Authors: H D Allen, D J Driscoll, F J Fricker, P Herndon, C E Mullins, A R Snider, K A Taubert
Journal: Circulation (1991)

D uring the last few years, pediatric cardiologists have witnessed a dramatic change in the utilization of the cardiac catheterization lab- oratory.1-21Improved noninvasive diagnostic tech- niques have narrowed indications for diagnostic cardiac catheterizations while the laboratory is now increas- ingly being used for therapeutic procedures.Recently, numerous catheter techniques, increased numbers of persons and centers using these techniques, and the increased number of lesion types thought to be amena- ble to catheter therapy have caused concern about the appropriateness of some applications of pediatric ther- apeutic cardiac catheterization.Compared with diagnostic cardiac catheterization, therapeutic catheter procedures require more time and resources, are costlier and riskier, and demand more technical training and expertise.High levels of skill and expertise are required of the operator who performs the various therapeutic catheterization techniques.These procedures should only be performed in institutions with appropriate facilities, personnel, and programs.22These considerations, combined with the rapid increase in the number of laboratories and cardiologists performing therapeu- tic catheterization procedures, cause concerns about hospital and physician credentialing, hospital and physician peer review, and human subjects investiga- tional review.These concerns have prompted this report on the current status of pediatric therapeutic cardiac catheterization and its important new tech- niques as well as the development of guidelines for specific credentialing and review.
Suicides by Veterans
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

A report from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) found that for fiscal years 2009 through 2012, of 147 763 reports of people who committed suicide from 21 states, 27 062 individuals, or 18.3%, were identified as having a history of military service on their death certificates and two-thirds of veterans who committed suicide were age 50 years or older.
Severe persistent visual field constriction associated with vigabatrin
Authors: T Eke, J F Talbot, M C Lawden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objectives: To study the ictal phenomenology, aetiology, and outcome of convulsions occurring within seconds of impact in violent collision sport.Design: Retrospective identification of convulsions associated with concussive brain injury from case records from medical officers of football clubs over a 15 year period.Subjects: Elite Australian rules and rugby league footballers.Main outcome measures: Neuroimaging studies, electroencephalography, neuropsychological test data, and statistics on performance in matches to determine presence of structural or functional brain injury.Clinical follow up and electroencephalography for evidence of epilepsy.Results: Twenty two cases of concussive convulsions were identified with four events documented on television videotape.Convulsions began within 2 seconds of impact and comprised an initial period of tonic stiffening followed by myoclonic jerks of all limbs lasting up to 150 seconds.Some asymmetry in the convulsive manifestations was common, and recovery of consciousness was rapid.No structural or permanent brain injury was present on clinical assessment, neuropsychological testing, or neuroimaging studies.All players returned to elite competition within two weeks of the incident.Epilepsy did not develop in any player over a mean (range) follow up of 3.5 (1-13) years.Conclusions: These concussive or impact convulsions are probably a non-epileptic phenomenon, somewhat akin to convulsive syncope.The mechanism may be a transient traumatic functional decerebration.In concussive convulsions the outcome is universally good, antiepileptic treatment is not indicated, and prolonged absence from sport is unwarranted.
Britain: Incidence reduced by two thirds in five years
Authors: C. Court
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The incidence of the sudden infant death syndrome in England and Wales has fallen by 66% in five years, according to figures from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. The figures, published last month, show that the number of cases of cot death, as the syndrome is commonly called, fell from 545 in 1992 to 442 in 1993; in 1989 there were 1337 cot deaths.

These latest statistics, which are for babies under 1 year, follow the government's “back to sleep” campaign encouraging parents to place their babies on their backs to sleep. In addition to this campaign, which has …
Thoughts on the Clinton Health Plan
Authors: Sam J. Sugar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 April 1994Thoughts on the Clinton Health PlanSam J. Sugar, MDSam J. Sugar, MDGlenbrook Medical Associates, S.C., Evanston, IL 60201Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his optimistic fervor for the administration's National Security Act, Dr. Schroeder [1] conveniently ignores the flaws that will lead to health care rationing.As a practicing internist, my greatest concern is for my patients' well-being. Many of my patients have expressed concern that eliminating obstacles to care for the uninsured and underinsured may create more formidable obstacles for those 80% of Americans currently satisfied with their medical care. My patients tell me that it is not their medical care that needs reform, but the medical insurance industry.Medical insurance companies skim up to 23% of premium ...REFERENCE1. Schroeder SA. The Clinton Health Care Plan: fundamental or incremental reform? Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:945-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Sam J. Sugar, MDAffiliations: Glenbrook Medical Associates, S.C., Evanston, IL 60201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7Page: 622KeywordsHealth carePatients ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reflex sympathoexcitation by cardiac sympathetic afferents during myocardial ischemia. Role of adenosine.
Authors: M D Thames, T Kinugawa, M E Dibner-Dunlap
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents during myocardial ischemia has been attributed to bradykinin released from the ischemic myocardium. Recent data from human studies suggest that adenosine may serve as this mediator. Our experiments were done to determine whether reflex sympathoexcitatory responses to activation of cardiac sympathetic afferents during myocardial ischemia could be inhibited by blockade of adenosine receptors and augmented by increasing the local concentrations of adenosine in the ischemic myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were done in 29 anesthetized dogs with bilateral vagotomy and carotid sinus denervation. Activation of cardiac sympathetic afferent fibers was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) combined with rapid atrial pacing (pacing rate, 200 beats per minute). LAD occlusion plus rapid atrial pacing increased renal sympathetic nerve activity by 20 +/- 4% before but by only 7 +/- 1% after administration of aminophylline (100 mg i.v.), an adenosine receptor antagonist. In contrast, LAD occlusion during rapid atrial pacing increased renal sympathetic nerve activity by 18 +/- 8% before and 61 +/- 15% after treatment with dipyridamole (0.57 mg/kg i.v.), an inhibitor of adenosine reuptake. In a separate group of dogs, LAD occlusion during rapid atrial pacing increased renal sympathetic nerve activity similarly before and after sham treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that adenosine released during myocardial ischemia activates cardiac sympathetic afferents to cause reflex sympathoexcitation. These findings are consistent with observations made in humans that suggest that adenosine is the mediator of the sensation of angina pectoris, which also results from stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents.
Recombinant hirudin (HBW 023): Biological data of ten patients with severe venous thrombo‐embolism
Authors: F. Bridey, M. Dreyfus, F. Parent, A. Bros, A. M. Fischer, A. Camez, G. Simonneau, P. Duroux, D. Meyera
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

This study reports on the biological data of ten patients with acute venous thrombo-embolism. They were treated for 5 days with continuous intravenous infusion of a fixed dose (0.05 mg/kg/hr) of a recombinant hirudin (r-H HBW 023 Behringwerke, Germany). The plasma level of r-H (HBW 023), assessed by an anti-factor IIa amidolytic activity, was stable after Day 2 and showed considerable individual variations. It correlated with APTT ratio, suggesting that this test is a reliable tool to monitor therapy. In contrast, thrombin time was constantly over 120 sec (control 15 sec) and consequently was not a useful parameter. Prothrombin time showed a slight, but significant, prolongation, which was correlated with the increase of APTT ratio. There was no bleeding time prolongation, platelet count, or ATIII level decrease. Levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes, and D-dimers, which were high in all patients on admission, decreased during the course of the treatment but remained abnormal on Day 5, showing an ongoing hemostasis and fibrinolysis activation: this is consistent with the delayed, but only slightly decreased thrombin generation evidenced by thrombin generation test performed on Day 3. These results suggest that thrombin inhibition by rH-hirudin at this dosage is only partial, which allows the generation of traces of thrombin needed for the feed-back thrombin production generated by factor V and VIII activation.
Hemodynamic Goals Are Relevant
Authors: Lynne Warner Stevenson
Journal: Circulation (2006)

he diversity of patient profiles and responses precludes a one-size-fits-all approach to heart failure.The randomized trials have provided us with some therapies that must be tried and others that can be tried.Offering significant although small benefits averaged over a population, these therapies are bolts of fabric stacked beside a tailor's mannequin, the typical trial subject.The sequential patching of different medications in the order of their investigation, however, is not likely to yield the best regimen for any patient.There should be little disagreement on the principle of tailoring therapies for individuals, but what measurements should be taken?
Health ministers in west Africa hold crisis talks on Ebola virus
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Health ministers from 11 countries in west Africa met in Ghana last week to discuss the response to what the World Health Organization has described as an “unprecedented” outbreak of the Ebola virus.

The ministers called for immediate action to help contain the outbreak, which has spread through three countries in west Africa since March this year. They said that, despite efforts to tackle the outbreak, a number of gaps and challenges remained in managing the disease: coordination, financing, communication, cross border collaboration, logistics, case management, infection control, surveillance, contact tracing, community participation, and research.

Ministers have pledged to mobilise community, religious, and political leaders to improve awareness and understanding of the disease …
Elevated MIP-1α and IL-17 Production in Antigen-Sensitized Mice Infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Masahiko Kato, Taisei Ishioka, Yoshiyuki Yamada, Hirokazu Kimura, Hiroyuki Tsukagoshi, Masakazu Yoshizumi, Kunihisa Kozawa, Kenichi Maruyama, Yasuhide Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Abstract 2572: Pro-resolving effects of 15-deoxy-α12,14-prostaglandin J2 through activation of Nrf2-mediated CD36 expression in murine macrophages
Authors: Wonki Kim, Ha-Na Lee, Young-Joon Surh
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The process of resolution of inflammation is actively controlled by a series of endogenous mediators, which activate pro-resovling mechanisms. 15-Deoxy-α12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d PGJ2), one of the terminal products of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), is an endogenous lipid mediator exerting both anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects. Enhanced biosynthesis of 15d-PGJ2 has been suggested to contribute to resolution of inflammation. The phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages, called effercytosis, is the most important step for complete resolution of inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pro-resolving effects of 15d-PGJ2 remain not fully clarified. The phagocytic action of macrophages is known to be mediated by scavenger receptors present on the plasma membrane of these cells. CD36, one of the class B scavenger receptors, is considered to recognize phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane of apoptotic neutrophils, thereby inducing phagocytosis. Recently, NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been reported to be the essential transcription factor involved in the induction of CD36 expression. In the present study, we found that 15d-PGJ2 (1 μM) increased expression and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that 15d-PGJ2 enhanced the DNA binding of Nrf2. In addition, 15d-PGJ2 upregulated the expression of CD36, thereby stimulating efferocytosis. siRNA knockdown of Nrf2 abolished 15d-PGJ2-induced CD36 expression, resulting in reduced efferocytosis. embryonic fibroblasts from Nrf2-null mice failed to up-regulate CD36 expression upon 15d-PGJ2 treatment. Moreover, unlike 15d-PGJ2, its non-electrophilic analog 9,10-ihidro-15d-PGJ2 could not induce expression of Nrf2 and CD36, suggesting that the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group located in the cyclopenenone ring of 15d-PGJ2 is essential for Nrf2-induced CD36 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that 15d-PGJ2 might expedite resolution of inflammation by activating efferocytosis which appears to be mediated through Nrf2-induced CD36 expression in macrophages. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2572. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2572
Vitamin B12 Absorption Tests
Authors: Khalid Mahmud
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Eighty-two patients who underwent gastrectomy were investigated for vitamin B 12 deficiency 1 to 22 years after surgery. Serum vitamin B 12 levels were found to be abnormally low in 62. Red blood cell (RBC) B 12 levels were determined in 22 patients with decreased serum B 12 levels, and were found to be low in 21, demonstrating a true tissue deficiency of the vitamin. More than two thirds of the patients with subnormal serum B 12 levels had normal absorption by the Schilling and the plasma B 12 absorption methods. It is reasoned that most such patients have difficulty in absorbing the protein-bound food B 12 and not the crystalline B 12 used in various B 12 absorption tests. The latter therefore seem to have very little value in the follow-up of partial gastrectomy. Serum or RBC B 12 determinations are suggested for this purpose, instead.
Acute hepatitis due to brivudin: A case report
Authors: Alexandre Mottu, Laura Rubbia-Brandt, Florian Bihl, Antoine Hadengue, Laurent Spahr
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

Brivudin is licensed in several European countries for the treatment of herpetic infections, and is considered safe (approximately 1% of patients with transient elevation of liver enzymes) in large multicenter trials.We report a case of acute brivudin hepatitis documented with a liver biopsy in detail.Liver biopsy demonstrated acute liver injury with a predominant cytolytic pattern and features suggestive of a drug-induced immunoallergic hepatitis. Elevated ALT levels returned to normal within weeks.This is the first published case of acute immunoallergic hepatitis due to brivudin.
Fatal Pneumonia Due to a Tetracycline-Resistant Pneumococcus
Authors: William Schaffner, William M. Schreiber, M. Glenn Koenig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

TETRACYCLINE is frequently employed in the therapy of "pneumonia" when facilities for establishing a specific diagnosis are unavailable or in treatment of proved pneumococcal pneumonia when the patient is allergic to penicillin.It is the purpose of this paper to report a case of pneumococcal pneumonia due to a tetracycline-resistant pneumococcus. This and other recent communications1 2 3 4 describing the appearance of strains resistant to tetracycline suggest that the place of tetracycline in the therapy of suspected pneumococcal infections needs re-evaluation.Case ReportJ.W. (V.U.H. 176257), a 93-year-old woman, was admitted to Vanderbilt University Hospital on February 16, 1965, with pneumonia. Five . . .
The thrombopoietin receptor P106L mutation functionally separates receptor signaling activity from thrombopoietin homeostasis
Authors: Clemens Stockklausner, Anne-Christine Klotter, Nicole Dickemann, Isabelle N. Kuhlee, Christin M. Duffert, Carolin Kerber, Niels H. Gehring, Andreas E. Kulozik
Journal: Blood (2014)
Cardiothoracic Emergencies Associated With Subclavian Hemodialysis Catheters
Authors: Bruce R. Barton
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Three adults have had life-threatening perforations of the vena cava or right atrium associated with the use of subclavian hemodialysis catheters. Subclavian hemodialysis catheters should be meticulously positioned in the superior vena-caval lumen so the tip does not tent the vena-caval wall. If a patient with a subclavian hemodialysis catheter experiences unexplained and refractory hypotension, especially during hemodialysis, cardiac or vena-caval perforation should be suspected. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2660-2662)
Queuing in Canada
Authors: Owen S. Surman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —I value my McGill Medical School education and the skill of Canadian colleagues. But the queuing phenomenon in the Canadian health care system addressed by Katz et al 1 is a significant shortcoming. Were the Canadian model applied to our health care system in the United States, queuing might prove as onerous or worse than the current dilemma of underinsurance. My father-in-law's painful wait for urologic surgery in British Columbia leads me to the following:  Oh Canada fair,  We should all live up there,  Where the cold and the health care  Are free.  But I'll mind if I wait  By a hospital gate,  When my prostate's too bold  To pass pee.
Exposure to PCBs and <i>p,p</i> ′-DDE and Human Sperm Chromatin Integrity
Authors: Anna Rignell-Hydbom, Lars Rylander, Aleksander Giwercman, B.A.G. Jönsson, Christian Lindh, Patrizia Eleuteri, Michele Rescia, Giorgio Leter, Eugenia Cordelli, Marcello Spano, Lars Hagmar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE), the major metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), are stable lipophilic compounds widely found in the environment and in the general population. They can enter the food chain, and their negative impact on male reproduction is currently under active scrutiny. To explore the hypothesis that environmental exposure to these compounds is associated with altered sperm chromatin structure integrity in human sperm, we conducted a study of 176 Swedish fishermen (with low and high consumption of fatty fish, a very important exposure source of POPs). We determined serum levels of 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) and p,p′-DDE, and we used the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) to assess sperm DNA/chromatin integrity. When CB-153 serum levels (individual dose range, 39–1,460 ng/g lipid) were categorized into equally sized quintiles, we found an association with the DNA fragmentation index (%DFI). A significantly lower %DFI was found in the lowest CB-153 quintile (< 113 ng/g lipid) compared with the other quintiles; there was a similar tendency, although not statistically significant, between %DFI and p,p′-DDE. These results suggest that POP exposure may have a slight negative impact on human sperm chromatin integrity.