tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inositol Phosphate Release and Metabolism During Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rat Heart
Authors: Karen E. Anderson, Anthony M. Dart, Elizabeth A. Woodcock
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract A detailed study of the effects of global myocardial ischemia and reperfusion on inositol phosphate release and metabolism has been undertaken by using isolated perfused rat hearts. Ischemia for longer than 5 minutes caused a cessation of inositol phosphate production, with inositol phosphates initially present accumulating as isomers of inositol monophosphate. This inhibition was independent of norepinephrine. In contrast, 2-minute reperfusion following 20-minute ischemia produced a rapid and transient release of inositol phosphates that was dependent on the release of norepinephrine and mediated by α 1 -adrenergic receptors. By a number of criteria, this reperfusion response was different from the norepinephrine response in normoxic tissue. First, total release of inositol phosphates was greater (466±37 compared with 345±29 cpm/mg protein, P &lt;.05). Second, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate was released with postischemic reperfusion (103±18 to 207±11 pmol/mg protein), whereas release was not detected in normoxic myocardium. In agreement with this, neomycin (0.5 and 5 mmol/L) inhibited inositol phosphate release only under reperfusion conditions. Third, the reperfusion response, unlike the response in nonischemic tissue, required extracellular Ca 2+ . Longer periods of reperfusion resulted in a return to a pattern of inositol phosphate release that was not different from that seen in normoxic tissue. The rapid and transient release of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate at 2-minute postischemic reperfusion provides an explanation for the enhanced role of α 1 -adrenergic receptors under these conditions and suggests an important role for this compound in initiating reperfusion-induced pathological events.
THE DOCTOR AND THE NEW INTERNATIONAL LIST OF DISEASES AND CAUSES OF DEATH
Authors: HALBERT L. DUNN
Journal: JAMA (1949)

The First World Health Assembly, on recommendation of the International Conference, prescribed on July 24, 1948, the use of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death by its member nations. Thus, the first international morbidity-mortality code came into being. This fact is of significance to the medical profession, particularly those interested in comparability and uniformity of useful morbidity statistics produced by hospitals, clinics and medical insurance plans. Also of significance is the international adoption of a uniform medical certificate of causes of death on which will be based a new procedure for selecting the cause of death to be tabulated. In this new procedure, the physician plays the determining role by indicating the underlying cause to be tabulated.  Every ten years, it has been an international tradition to revise and modernize the international list of causes of death. In accordance with this tradition, an international conference
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas: a multicenter experience
Authors: N. Jani, J. Dewitt, M. Eloubeidi, S. Varadarajulu, V. Appalaneni, B. Hoffman, W. Brugge, K. Lee, A. Khalid, K. McGrath
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de N. Jani et al., pp. 200Endoscopy 2008; 40(03): 356-356DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306815
High Court strikes down Merck's patent on alendronate
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two patents held by pharmaceutical giant Merck for the drug alendronate (Fosamax) have been struck down in the British High Court, leaving the field clear for manufacturers of generic drugs. Alendronate is used in the treatment of osteoporosis and Paget's disease.

The lawsuit was filed by Israeli generic drug manufacturer Teva Pharmaceutical Industries and the British companies Arrow Generics and Generics (UK). They sought revocation of two Merck patents in the United Kingdom: the original 1982 patent covering alendronate's use for osteoporosis and a 1997 …
UK report calls for policies to halt growing inequalities in health
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Health inequalities in England have increased over the past 20 years, reveals a report from an independent inquiry published this week. Inquiry members have recommended that all future policy development should consider the potential for closing the health gap between wealthy and poor members of the population to reverse this trend.

Sir Donald Acheson, chairman of the independent inquiry into inequalities in health, warned: “We find that although the last 20 years have brought a marked increase in prosperity and substantial reductions in mortality overall, the gap between those at the top and bottom of the social scale has widened.”

In the early 1970s, the mortality rate among men was almost twice as high for those in social class V (unskilled) as for those in class I (professional). By the early 1990s, it was almost three times higher. This translates into a five year difference in life expectancy. The committee found no evidence that the class differential in infant mortality …
TCT-611 Multimodality assessment 12 months after implantation of a bioresorbable scaffold for the treatment of culprit lesions in myocardial infarction
Authors: Tommaso Gori, Madeleine Kress, Julia Weber, Nadja Weiers, Melissa Weissner, Eberhard Schulz, Philip Wenzel, Ulrich Hink, Alexander Jabs, Thomas Munzel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Should herbal medicines be licensed?
Authors: D. Shaw, S. Kolev, I. House, V. Murray
Journal: BMJ (1995)

blood dyscrasias, including 12 of aplastic anaemia, possibly related to topical administration of chloramphenicol have been registered at the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects in the United States.2The duration of treatment ranged from 18 to 1460 days (median 120 days).Doona and Walsh affirm that framycetin and fusidic acid are equally effective.These agents do not cover the wide range of bacterial pathogens implicated in eye infections, and when used alone they promote rapid emergence of resistance.Fusidic acid is an antistaphylococcal agent, and framycetin lacks activity against anaerobes and streptococci.The treatment whose antibacterial spectrum approaches that of chloramphenicol, but with reduced anaerobic activity, is a combination of neomycin, polymyxin B, and gramicidin.This costs C5.36 for 5 ml, compared with 50p for 10 ml of chloramphenicol eye drops.Although there is potential for topical chloramphenicol to produce aplastic anaemia, more hard data on the absolute risk are needed before such a hard judgment is passed on a product that is effective, cheap, and well tolerated.To minimise toxicity even further, treatment with chloramphenicol should be short and avoided in patients with a personal or family history of bone marrow abnormality.
Atlas of Tc-99m Iminodiacetic Acid (IDA) Cholescintigraphy
Authors: HEIDI S. WEISSMANN, LEROY A. SUGARMAN, LEONARD M. FREEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

WEISSMANN, HEIDI S. M.D.; SUGARMAN, LEROY A. M.D.; FREEMAN, LEONARD M. M.D. Author Information
Transcarinal Mediastinal Needle Biopsy as a Supplement to Bronchoscopic Evaluation of Neoplastic Lung Diseases
Authors: S. Brynitz, E. Struve-Christensen
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

A screening method for detecting the dissemination of malignant tumours to the bifurcal lymph nodes is described. The procedure was performed in 300 patients. Malignancies were found in 255 cases, 216 of which were bronchogenic cancers. The transcarinal mediastinal needle biopsy (TMNB) was positive in 25% of all cases with malignant diseases, but in patients with anaplastic tumours a positive TMNB was found in 40%. No complications occurred, the method could be applied to out-patients, and if positive, mediastinoscopy could be avoided.
Telomeres, Cancer, and Immortality
Authors: D A Haber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Numerous genetic accidents, including the activation of proto-oncogenes and the loss of tumor-suppressor genes, can result in the stimulation of cell division. However, mammalian cells have evolved an intricate set of checks and balances against uncontrolled cellular proliferation. One of these is cellular suicide, or apoptosis, triggered by the p53 gene in the presence of aberrant growth signals. Another appears to be the progressive shortening of the ends of chromosomes, or telomeres, that accompanies normal cell division and may contribute to cellular aging. Support for this concept comes from a recent article in Science by Kim and coworkers,1 reporting a . . .
Formation of the metal-thiolate clusters of rat liver metallothionein.
Authors: D R Winge, K B Nielson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The isoforms of rat liver apo-metallothionein (MT) were reconstituted in vitro with Cd and Zn ions to study the order of binding of the seven metal sites. Reconstitution with seven Cd ions resulted in a metalloprotein similar to induced Cd,Zn-MT by the criteria of electrophoretic mobility, insensitivity to proteolysis by subtilisin and the pH-dependent release of Cd. Proteolytic digestion of MT reconstituted with sub-optimal quantities of Cd followed by separation of Cd-containing polypeptide fragments by electrophoresis and chromatography revealed metal ion binding initially occurs in cluster A. Upon saturation of the four sites in cluster A, binding occurs in the three metal center, cluster B. Samples reconstituted with one to four Cd or Zn ions per protein molecule, followed by digestion with subtilisin, yielded increasing amounts of a proteolytically stable polypeptide fragment identical with the alpha fragment domain encompassing the four metal center. Samples renatured with five to seven Cd ions per MT molecule showed decreasing quantities of alpha fragment and increasing amounts of nativelike MT. The binding process in each domain is cooperative. Reconstitution of apo-MT with two Cd ions followed by proteolysis yields a 50% recovery of saturated Cd4-alpha cluster. Likewise, when Cd5-renatured MT was digested with subtilisin, 30% of the molecules were identified as Cd7-MT with the remainder as Cd4-alpha fragment.
Elizabeth Mary Helen Veitch
Authors: A. Watson, A. Ramsay
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Elizabeth Mary Helen Veitch (“Mary”) had recently established herself as a partner in Springfield Medical Practice in Arbroath, but during that short time immersed herself in the practice and community.

Mary was born and brought up in Leicestershire, and her talent for music was apparent at a young age. She was enormously gifted as a violinist, and, although she trained as a classical player, her eclectic musical interests led her to be active in the folk scene in later life. She could easily have pursued a professional career in music, but her vocation led her to medicine and she qualified at the …
Targeted Iron Oxide Particles for In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Detection of Atherosclerotic Lesions With Antibodies Directed to Oxidation-Specific Epitopes
Authors: Karen C. Briley-Saebo, Young Seok Cho, Peter X. Shaw, Sung Kee Ryu, Venkatesh Mani, Stephen Dickson, Ehsan Izadmehr, Simone Green, Zahi A. Fayad, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
A defense of statistical power analysis
Authors: Brian R. Lashley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Chow attacks statistical power analysis on theoretical grounds. I argue that if significance testing is defensible, so is power analysis. A number of Chow's criticisms seem to suggest that power analysts are confused about certain fundamental issues. I claim that few power analysts make the mistakes Chow describes. Finally, I address Chow's claim that power analysis is irrelevant to NHSTP because it deals with a different issue.
Abstract 3605: KW-2450, a novel orally-active dual IGF1R/IR inhibitor: Antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Yoshimi Maekawa, Fumito Koizumi, Naomi Kashima, Masayo Suzuki, Hiroshi Umehara, Hiroko Takahashi, Hiroaki Nakamura, Shinji Nara, Tomoyuki Nakazato, Yutaka Kanda, Takeshi Takahashi, Shiro Akinaga, Yukimasa Shiotsu, Shiro Soga
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract KW-2450 is an orally active, multi-kinase inhibitor which inhibits both insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) with an IC50 of 7.39 nmol/L and 5.64 nmol/L, respectively. KW-2450 also exhibits inhibitory activities (&amp;gt;90% at 100 nmol/L) against several protein tyrosine kinases such as FAK, FLT1, FLT3, JAK2, KDR, TRKA, and Aurora A. KW-2450 inhibited the growth of various types of malignant cells, and the reduction of phosphorylated IGF-1R or IR and their downstream signalling such as phosphorylation of AKT and ERK were observed from 10 to 30 nmol/L in vitro. The PK/PD study of KW-2450 was conducted in a human colon cancer HT-29/GFP xenograft model. The plasma concentrations of KW-2450 were measured by LC/MS/MS method and the phosphorylation status of IGF-1R (P-IGF-1R) and AKT (P-AKT) in tumor tissue were examined by Western blotting. A single oral administration of KW-2450 showed inhibition of P-IGF-1R and P-AKT in tumor tissue in accordance with the increasing plasma concentration and peaked 2 hours after the administration of the drug at doses of 10 to 80 mg/kg. In this model, KW-2450 showed a statistically significant suppression of tumor growth by oral administration at a dose of 40 mg/kg once a day for 14 days. In addition, KW-2450 at a dose of 10 mg/kg showed a potent growth inhibitory activity against a human myeloma KMS-12-BM xenograft model, which is sensitive to the compound in vitro. In mice, KW-2450 induced an increase of plasma glucose levels at 20 mg/kg and higher in a dose-dependent manner. However, the increase in glucose was transient and it returned to normal levels within 2 hours at 20 mg/kg, 4 hours at 40 mg/kg and 8 hours at 80 mg/kg. A similar trend was seen in insulin levels which return to normal levels within 4 hours at 10 mg/kg, 8 hours at 20 and 40 mg/kg, and 24 hours at 80 mg/kg. In summary, these pharmacological studies revealed that KW-2450 could act as a potent and selective dual IGF-1R/IR inhibitor and exert antitumor effects on various types of malignant cells in vitro and in vivo, although this compound shows multi kinase inhibitory activity in a cell free system. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3605. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3605
Rhesus Diploid Rabies Vaccine (Adsorbed), A New Rabies Vaccine
Authors: Byron S. Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Rhesus diploid-cell-strain rabies vaccine (RDRV) (adsorbed) is a new rabies vaccine intended for use in man. Sixty volunteers were given five doses of RDRV at 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days to simulate prophylactic treatment of persons exposed to a rabid animal. Thirty-five volunteers were given commercial high-titer rabies immune globulin, 20 IU/kg, before the first dose of RDRV, and 25 were given RDRV without prior rabies immune globulin. Antibody responses at 14, 28, and 42 days were comparable with those reported with human diploid rabies vaccine. Simulated postexposure prophylactic treatment with RDRV was associated with acceptable levels of local and constitutional symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2663-2665)
The Association Between Midlife Blood Pressure Levels and Late-Life Cognitive Function
Authors: Lenore J. Launer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the long-term relationship of midlife blood pressure levels to late-life cognitive function. <h3>Design.</h3> —The 4678 surviving cohort members of the prospective Honolulu Heart Program (baseline, 1965-1968) were examined a fourth time in 1991 through 1993 and given a cognitive test. <h3>Participants.</h3> —The subjects were 3735 Japanese-American men living in Hawaii in the community or in institutions, with an average age of 78 years at the fourth examination. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Cognitive function, measured by the 100-point Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), was categorized into good (reference: a CASI score of 92 to 100), intermediate (&lt;92 to 82), and poor (&lt;82). Midlife systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values were measured in 1965,1968, and 1971. A respondent was classified into the following categories if two of three measurements fell into the following groups: for SBP, &lt;110, 110 to 139, 140 to 159, and ≥160 mm Hg; and for DBP, &lt;80, 80 to 89, 90 to 94, and ≥95 mm Hg. <h3>Results.</h3> —When we controlled for age and education, the risk for intermediate and poor cognitive function increased progressively with increasing level of midlife SBP category (<i>P</i>for trend &lt;.03 and &lt;.001, respectively). For every 10—mm Hg increase in SBP there was an increase in risk for intermediate cognitive function of 7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3% to 11%) and for poor cognitive function of 9% (95% CI, 3% to 16%). Adjustment for prevalent stroke, coronary heart disease, and subclinical atherosclerosis reduced the strength of the relationship between midlife SBP and poor cognitive function to 5% (95% CI, 0% to 12%). The level of cognitive function was not associated with midlife DBP. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Midlife SBP is a significant predictor of reduced cognitive function in later life. Early control of SBP levels may reduce the risk for cognitive impairment in old age. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1846-1851)
ROENTGENOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN NORMAL OSSEOUS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: E. KOST SHELTON
Journal: JAMA (1931)

This study in osseous development, based on the original observations of Engelbach and McMahon,<sup>1</sup>was undertaken (1) to present a more practical and modern set of tables and roentgenograms of the normal osseous development for every year of age from birth to 20 years; (2) to present the opinions of other observers and attempt an explanation of their variations, and (3) to demonstrate further the practicability of such a standard in the differential diagnosis of the endochrinopathies. Since the studies of Engelbach and McMahon were published, other and varied opinions of independent observers have appeared. While all have been of inestimable value in a further elucidation of the subject, a certain amount of confusion persists. It is believed that much of this is based on a diversity of opinion as to what constitutes a normal subject. If it is true that osseous development becomes, at times, an index to
Identification of malignant cells in multiple myeloma bone marrow with immunoglobulin VH gene probes by fluorescent in situ hybridization and flow cytometry.
Authors: J Cao, R A Vescio, C H Hong, A Kim, A K Lichtenstein, J R Berenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Because it has been difficult to identify and separate malignant cells in human lymphoid malignancies, we have developed a flow cytometry-based fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique using immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain variable region (VH) gene probes. After obtaining the specific VH gene sequence expressed by the multiple myeloma IM-9 cell line and the malignant cells in five multiple myeloma patients, sense and antisense biotinylated single-stranded RNA probes were prepared by transcription from the malignant clone's VH DNA sequences. The cells from the IM-9 cell line and from the mononuclear bone marrow cells of multiple myeloma patients were fixed, hybridized with the above biotinylated RNA probes, incubated with streptavidin-phycoerythrin, and analyzed by FACS analysis. The myeloma cells stained positive with their own specific antisense VH biotinylated RNa probes, whereas sense and irrelevant antisense biotinylated probes demonstrated only background staining. Dilutional concentrations of the IM-9 cell line with normal bone marrow cells were also accurately quantitated by this procedure. The application of this technique will allow a more accurate assessment of tumor burden in patients with multiple myeloma and should permit an accurate method of tumor cell purification for clinical as well as biological studies. Furthermore, this technological advance should be equally effective at identifying specific VH gene-expressing cells in other lymphoid malignancies, as well as in nonmalignant B cell disorders.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLASMA ASYMMETRICAL DIMETHYLARGININE LEVEL AND CORONARY COLLATERAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Asife Sahinarslan, Ridvan Yalcin, Sinan Kocaman, Salih Topal, Ugur Ercin, Neslihan Bukan, Bulent Boyaci, Atiye Cengel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Treatment of Gonorrhoea with Terramycin
Authors: R. R. Willcox
Journal: BMJ (1951)

BDIflMSH 527After 10-14 days resolution was complete.Culture showed that the organisms responsible in these cases were Staph.pyogenes aureus complicated by a few colonies of Str.haemolyticuis.Pustular Psoriasis.-Theone case treated showed no response after six weeks' treatment.Verruca Vulgaris.-Twelvecases were treated.The patients were instructed to apply A.O. to the warts on one side of the body, and an ointment containing only yellow paraffin to the other side.In three of the patients all warts had disappeared at the end of a month.Verruca Planza.-Twocases were treated as for ver- ruca vulgaris.One cleared in four weeks, the other still showed lesions after ten weeks.
Coronary Perfusion Pressure in CPR
Authors: Douglas H. McNeill
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  I cannot let the article on coronary perfusion pressure by Paradis et al 1 pass without comment.  The authors have made a valuable contribution to the understanding of factors responsible for success in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but I must take issue with their recommendations to catheterize patients during CPR for prediction of outcome.  Patients received only basic cardiac life support during prehospital care, and of 100 patients, none survived the hospitalization.  The authors, like many researchers, have put the cart before the horse. I conclude the main benefit of measurement of coronary perfusion pressure as recommended by the authors is prediction of the time to die rather than likelihood of survival.  Multiple studies have shown the clear benefit of early defibrillation and of the institution of advanced cardiac life support in the field. Before we emphasize technically complex intervention in CPR we should exhaust measures of