tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ANXIETY AND INJURIES IN SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Paola Vago, Francesco Casolo, Nicola Lovecchio, Lucia Colombo, Monica Gatti
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Soccer is among the most played and most popular sports in the world. The average incidence of injuries per game is 2.7 and that an adult soccer player has at least one injury per year (Roi G.S., Della Villa S., 2011). Findings from recent studies suggest that psychological factors such as somatic trait anxiety and daily hassles are associated with increased risk of injury (Johnson and Ivarsson, 2013). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anxiety and injury in adult male soccer players. Method The participants of the study were 100 amauteur male soccer players (aged 18 to 45). Each player filled in a qualitative questionnaire about his personal characteristics and sport practice (training, matches, etc.) and previous injuries (muscle, meniscal, injuries, tendinopathies, fractures, etc.). The participants also completed the Stai–State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger et al , 1968). This questionnaire investigates the anxiety level, both in a specific situation (before the match, in this study) and in everyday life. Results The data were tested for correlations between anxiety (state and trait) levels and number of injuries (divided in specific types). Tendinopathies positively correlated both with state (rho=0.243; p&lt;0.05) and trait anxiety (rho=0.205; p&lt;0.05). Also fractures positively correlated both with state (rho=0.295; p&lt;0.01) and trait anxiety (rho=0.368; p&lt;0.01). Differences in injuries between participants who reported high or low anxiety levels were also explored. Players with higher level of state anxiety (N=35) reported more tendinopathies (p&lt;0.01) and fractures (p&lt;0.01). Similarly, players with higher levels of trait anxiety (N=33) reported more tendinopathies (p&lt;0.05) and fractures (p&lt;0.01). Discussion The present results support the contention that anxiety is an important factor, significantly associated with injuries, such as tendinopathies and fractures. In addict, several studies have shown that lack of readiness to take action, tough-mindedness or presence of a generalized high status of muscle tone, might be factors related to injury in a player with anxiety traits. Hence, with respect to psychological components, situation-related emotional states and coping resources may represent important avenues for interventions aimed at preserving health status and preventing injuries in soccer players.
Comorbidity: A network perspective
Authors: Angélique O. J. Cramer, Lourens J. Waldorp, Han L. J. van der Maas, Denny Borsboom
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract The pivotal problem of comorbidity research lies in the psychometric foundation it rests on, that is, latent variable theory , in which a mental disorder is viewed as a latent variable that causes a constellation of symptoms. From this perspective, comorbidity is a (bi)directional relationship between multiple latent variables. We argue that such a latent variable perspective encounters serious problems in the study of comorbidity, and offer a radically different conceptualization in terms of a network approach , where comorbidity is hypothesized to arise from direct relations between symptoms of multiple disorders. We propose a method to visualize comorbidity networks and, based on an empirical network for major depression and generalized anxiety, we argue that this approach generates realistic hypotheses about pathways to comorbidity, overlapping symptoms, and diagnostic boundaries, that are not naturally accommodated by latent variable models: Some pathways to comorbidity through the symptom space are more likely than others; those pathways generally have the same direction (i.e., from symptoms of one disorder to symptoms of the other); overlapping symptoms play an important role in comorbidity; and boundaries between diagnostic categories are necessarily fuzzy.
Leflunomide inhibits transendothelial migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: J Grisar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To test whether the active metabolite of leflunomide (LEF-M), in addition to blocking the proliferation of activated lymphocytes by inhibiting dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), influences the transendothelial migration (TEM) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).In an in vitro model of PBMC transmigration through an endothelial cell (EC) barrier, PBMC were re-collected in three groups: cells not adherent to the EC, cells bound to, and cells which had migrated through, the EC layer. Experiments in which cells were pretreated with LEF-M (in the absence or in the presence of uridine) were compared with parallel experiments in the presence of medium alone.Preincubation of EC with LEF-M led to a 36 (SEM 16)% reduction in PBMC TEM (p<0.05). Likewise, preincubation of PBMC induced a reduction in their TEM of 39 (9)% (p<0.005). Incubation of both PBMC and EC with LEF-M had an additive effect (mean reduction of 48 (6)%, p<0.005). Incubation of PBMC with LEF-M also decreased monocytic CD44 expression (p<0.005) and PBMC-hyaluronan binding (p<0.05). Incubation of cells with LEF-M and uridine in addition to LEF-M reversed the inhibition of migration, suggesting that the observed effects were due to DHODH inhibition. Fluorocytometric analysis of PBMC subsets within the migrated population showed a decrease of monocytes, but not of B or T cells, after LEF-M treatment.LEF-M reduces monocytic adhesion molecule expression and TEM and may thus interfere with monocyte and EC activities in RA. Thus, the clinical effects of leflunomide may, at least in part, be due to blocking cell traffic into the inflamed synovia.
CTLA4-IgG ameliorates homocysteine-accelerated atherosclerosis by inhibiting T-cell overactivation in apoE−/− mice
Authors: Kongyang Ma, Silin Lv, Bo Liu, Ziyi Liu, Yuhong Luo, Wei Kong, Qingbo Xu, Juan Feng, Xian Wang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) exerts inhibitory effects on T-cell activation by competition with CD28. In this study, we investigated the effect of CTLA4-IgG on homocysteine (Hcy)-induced T-cell activation and potential signal pathways involved in atherosclerotic formation. The CD28 signal was significantly amplified by Hcy treatment in splenic T cells and hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy)-accelerated plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE–/–) mice. As a major competitor of CD28, CTLA4-IgG (abatacept) pretreatment, 100 μg/week, in apoE–/– mice could reverse 2- and 4-week HHcy-accelerated atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the membrane level of CTLA4 was decreased and the endocytosis level was increased by HHcy. Endocytosed CTLA4 molecules by Hcy were in large vesicles, colocalized with lysosomes and endosomes. Hcy-increased CTLA4 endocytosis and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in T cells were blocked by CTLA4-IgG and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Blocking the CD28 signal pathway in T cells significantly decreased Hcy-promoted macrophage migration. These results illustrate a novel mechanism of CD28-dependent T-cell costimulation involved in HHcy-accelerated atherosclerosis, which extends the pharmacological application of CTLA4-IgG for atherosclerosis.
The incidence of allergic diseases and respiratory infections in 5-6 years old children
Authors: Maia Kherkheulidze, Nani Kavlashvili, Eka Kandelaki, Maia Chkhaidze, Tsitsino Parulava
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim: To assess incidence of allergic disorders and respiratory infections in 5-6 years old population of Georgia.  Methods The cross sectional study using specially developed parent questionnaire was conducted in Georgia. At all 1530 parent of 5-6 years children were interviewed, 1499 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS program.  Results: From 1499 children 32 % were 5 years old and 68% 6 years old. The 54 % live in urban, 35 % in rural area and 11% in high mountains. The study revealed that 2,3 % of children have respiratory viral infections 7-8 times per year, 19,9 – 3-5 times, 53,4 %-1-2 times and 24,2 % became ill very rarely. The study show statistically significant difference between the viral infection frequency in rural and urban area (Pearson Chi-Square=33.895a df=6Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)= ,000). There was not significant difference in morbidity according to family income, size and education. Morbidity is statistically significantly higher in boys and in children attending kindergarten and primary school in comparison with non-organized children (Pearson Chi-Square14,985a Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)=,002). The frequency of chronic diseases reported by parents is 4,1 %, from those 47 % are allergic disorders (asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis). The most parents associate the asthma exacerbation with viral infections. The 42 % of children with asthma and rhinitis were vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccine. Exacerbation of allergy was significantly less in vaccinated children.  Conclusion: Incidence of allergic disorders among children is raising. Viral infections are risk factors for asthma exacerbation. Vaccination against seasonal influenza should be encouraged.
CX3CL1/fractalkine is released from apoptotic lymphocytes to stimulate macrophage chemotaxis
Authors: Lucy A. Truman, Catriona A. Ford, Marta Pasikowska, John D. Pound, Sarah J. Wilkinson, Ingrid E. Dumitriu, Lynsey Melville, Lauren A. Melrose, Carol Anne Ogden, Robert Nibbs, Gerard Graham, Christophe Combadiere, Christopher D. Gregory
Journal: Blood (2008)
The impact of advance care planning on end of life care in elderly patients: randomised controlled trial
Authors: K. M Detering, A. D Hancock, M. C Reade, W. Silvester
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate the impact of advance care planning on end of life care in elderly patients. <b>Design</b> Prospective randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Single centre study in a university hospital in Melbourne, Australia. <b>Participants</b> 309 legally competent medical inpatients aged 80 or more and followed for six months or until death. <b>Interventions</b> Participants were randomised to receive usual care or usual care plus facilitated advance care planning. Advance care planning aimed to assist patients to reflect on their goals, values, and beliefs; to consider future medical treatment preferences; to appoint a surrogate; and to document their wishes. <b>Main outcome measures</b> The primary outcome was whether a patient's end of life wishes were known and respected. Other outcomes included patient and family satisfaction with hospital stay and levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in relatives of patients who died. <b>Results</b> 154 of the 309 patients were randomised to advance care planning, 125 (81%) received advance care planning, and 108 (84%) expressed wishes or appointed a surrogate, or both. Of the 56 patients who died by six months, end of life wishes were much more likely to be known and followed in the intervention group (25/29, 86%) compared with the control group (8/27, 30%; P&lt;0.001). In the intervention group, family members of patients who died had significantly less stress (intervention 5, control 15; P&lt;0.001), anxiety (intervention 0, control 3; P=0.02), and depression (intervention 0, control 5; P=0.002) than those of the control patients. Patient and family satisfaction was higher in the intervention group. <b>Conclusions</b> Advance care planning improves end of life care and patient and family satisfaction and reduces stress, anxiety, and depression in surviving relatives. <b>Trial registration</b> Australian New Zealand clinical trials registry ACTRN12608000539336.
Pazopanib Reveals a Role for Tumor Cell B-Raf in the Prevention of HER2+ Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis
Authors: Brunilde Gril, Diane Palmieri, Yong Qian, DeeDee Smart, Lilia Ileva, David J. Liewehr, Seth M. Steinberg, Patricia S. Steeg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Brain metastases of breast cancer contribute significantly to patient morbidity and mortality. We have tested pazopanib, a recently approved antiangiogenic drug that targets VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFRβ, PDGFRα, and c-kit, for prevention of experimental brain metastases and mechanism of action. Experimental Design: In vitro assays included B-Raf enzymatic assays, Western blots, and angiogenesis assays. For in vivo assays, HER2 transfectants of the brain seeking sublines of MDA-MB-231 cells (231-BR-HER2) and MCF7 cells (MCF7-HER2-BR3, derived herein) were injected into the left cardiac ventricle of mice and treated with vehicle or pazopanib beginning on day 3 postinjection. Brain metastases were counted histologically, imaged, and immunostained. Results: Treatment with 100 mg/kg of pazopanib resulted in a 73% decline in large 231-BR-HER2 metastases (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and a 39% decline in micrometastases (P = 0.004). In vitro, pazopanib was directly antiproliferative to 231-BR-HER2 breast cancer cells and inhibited MEK and ERK activation in vitro despite B-Raf and Ras mutations. Enzymatic assays demonstrated that pazopanib directly inhibited the wild type and exon 11 oncogenic mutant, but not the V600E mutant forms of B-Raf. Activation of the B-Raf targets pERK1/2 and pMEK1/2 was decreased in pazopanib-treated brain metastases whereas blood vessel density was unaltered. In the MCF7-HER2-BR3 experimental brain metastasis model, pazopanib reduced overall brain metastasis volume upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by 55% (P = 0.067), without affecting brain metastasis vascular density. Conclusions: The data identify a new activity for pazopanib directly on tumor cells as a pan-Raf inhibitor and suggest its potential for prevention of brain metastatic colonization of HER2+ breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 17(1); 142–53. ©2010 AACR.
Relapsed or refractory nongastric marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma: Multicenter retrospective analysis of 92 cases
Authors: Sung Yong Oh, Won Seog Kim, Seok Jin Kim, Jin Seok Kim, Sung‐Hyun Kim, Dae Ho Lee, Jong‐Ho Won, In Gyu Hwang, Min Kyoung Kim, Soon Il Lee, Jong Gwang Kim, Deok‐Hwan Yang, Hye Jin Kang, Chul Won Choi, Jinny Park, Young Jin Choi, Hyo Jung Kim, Jung Hye Kwon, Cheolwon Suh, Hyo‐Jin Kim
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Over its long survival duration, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) routinely involves frequent relapses. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis to identify the clinical features and outcomes of relapsed or refractory MZL. From 1995 to 2008, a total of 92 patients with relapsed MZL were retrospectively analyzed. The median age of our subjects was 53.5 years (range: 23-82 years). The most common primary sites of involvement were the orbit and ocular adnexa (28.3%) followed by the lymph node and lymphatic organs (23.9%), and multiple mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) sites (13.0%). The median time to relapse from initial diagnosis was 25.5 months. Of the 53 patients with Stage I or II at diagnosis, 42 patients (79.2%) evidenced locoregional recurrence. Among these locoregional relapsed patients, 27 patients achieved CR (54.1%) or PR (18.9%). In addition to the 39 patients initially in advanced Stage III or IV, a total of 50 patients were in advanced stage at relapse. Among those patients with advanced stage at relapse, 44 patients were treated. The overall response rate was 54.5% (24 patients), with 18 CRs and 6 PRs. The median time to progression (TTP) was 34.1 months (95% CI: 11.3-56.9 months) and the estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) was 84.3%. The majority of them was controlled well with salvage treatment, and could achieve prolonged survival. However, patients' refractory to initial therapy and advanced relapse evidenced shorter TTP and OS. Thus, we need to consider more aggressive treatment in cases of refractory MZL or advanced relapsed MZL.
Genetic variations in genes of metabolic enzymes predict postoperational prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Guanglong Dong, Xianli He, Yibing Chen, Haiyan Cao, Jiaojiao Wang, Xiaonan Liu, Shukui Wang, Shaogui Wan, Jinliang Xing
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Genetic alterations in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolic enzymes were recently linked to various cancers. However, the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of these enzymes have not been well studied.We genotyped 16 SNPs from 7 genes encoding TCA cycle metabolic enzymes in 697 colorectal carcinoma (CRC) patients receiving surgical resection and analyzed their associations with clinical outcomes by multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Then, the significant results were validated in another cohort of 256 CRC patients.We identified 4 SNPs in 2 genes had significant associations with CRC death risk and 5 SNPs in 3 genes had significant associations with CRC recurrence risk. Similar significant results were confirmed for rs4131826 in SDHC gene, rs544184 in SDHD gene and rs12071124 in FH gene in a validation cohort. Further analysis indicated that unfavorable genotypes exhibited a significant cumulative effect on overall and recurrence-free survival in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, survival tree analysis indicated that SNP rs4131826 in SDHC gene and SNP rs12071124 in FH gene were the primary factors contributing to the different overall survival time and recurrence-free survival time of CRC patients, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis further validated the effect of rs4131826 and rs544184 on expression of SDHC and SDHD in tissue samples.Our study suggests that SNPs in TCA cycle metabolic enzymes might be significantly associated with clinical outcomes in Chinese population diagnosed with CRC. Further functional and validated studies are warranted to expend our results to clinical utility.
mVps34 Deletion in Podocytes Causes Glomerulosclerosis by Disrupting Intracellular Vesicle Trafficking
Authors: Jianchun Chen, Mystie X. Chen, Agnes B. Fogo, Raymond C. Harris, Jian-Kang Chen
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2013)

Recent studies have suggested that autophagy is a key mechanism in maintaining the integrity of podocytes. The mammalian homologue of yeast vacuolar protein sorting defective 34 (mVps34) has been implicated in the regulation of autophagy, but its role in podocytes is unknown. We generated a line of podocyte-specific mVps34-knockout (mVps34pdKO) mice, which were born at Mendelian ratios. These mice appeared grossly normal at 2 weeks of age but exhibited growth retardation and were significantly smaller than control mice by 6 weeks of age, with no difference in ratios of kidney to body weight. mVps34pdKO mice developed significant proteinuria by 3 weeks of age, developed severe kidney lesions by 5–6 weeks of age, and died before 9 weeks of age. There was striking podocyte vacuolization and proteinaceous casts, with marked glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis by 6 weeks of age. Electron microscopy revealed numerous enlarged vacuoles and increased autophagosomes in the podocytes, with complete foot process effacement and irregular and thickened glomerular basement membranes. Immunoblotting of isolated glomerular lysates revealed markedly elevated markers specific for lysosomes (LAMP1 and LAMP2) and autophagosomes (LC3-II/I). Immunofluorescence staining confirmed that the enlarged vacuoles originated from lysosomes. In conclusion, these results demonstrate an indispensable role for mVps34 in the trafficking of intracellular vesicles to protect the normal cellular metabolism, structure, and function of podocytes.
Rehabilitation for Oncogene Addiction: Role of Immunity in Cellular Sobriety
Authors: David L. Bajor, Robert H. Vonderheide
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Clinical responses to oncogene inhibitors result from direct effects on cell-intrinsic growth signals and disruption of downstream messages that produce a protumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Combining oncogene-targeted and immunomodulatory therapies may result in synergistic effects, producing increased response rates and longer periods of tumor control than can be achieved with either class alone.
The influence of occult right ventricular infarction on enzymatically estimated infarct size, hemodynamics and prognosis.
Authors: H D Strauss, B E Sobel, R Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Clinical and hemodynamic manifestations of overt right ventricular infarction differ markedly from those that involve injury confined exclusively to the left ventricle.However, the frequency of covert right ventricular infarction and its influence on overall enzymatically estimated infarct size, hemodynamics and prognosis have not been characterized.Accordingly, 249 patients with transmural anterior or inferior left ven- tricular infarction were studied prospectively (average follow-up 20.7 months).Enzymatically estimated in- farct size (average and frequency distribution) was similar among patients in both groups (25 ± 3.0 and 24 ± 1.8 CK-g-Eq/m2 [±ISEM] ).Sixty-two patients were studied with invasive hemodynamic monitoring.Judging from the increased ratio of right ventricular end-diastolic pressure to pulmonary artery occlusive pressure in patients with inferior compared with anterior infarction (0.47 ± 0.7 vs 0-26 ± 0.3), and the greater fraction of patients who had a ratio greater than 0.45 (43% vs 14%), inferior infarction was frequently associated with occult right ventricular infarction.Although there were no significant differences in ventricular ectopic activity among patients in the two groups during the first 24 hours after the onset of infarction, early mortality was substantially less with inferior than with anterior infarction (12% vs 23%, p < 0.05), as was mortality throughout the first 2 years of follow-up (p < 0.01).Thus, covert right ventricular infarction, reflected by hemodynamic criteria, frequently contributes to overall enzymatic estimates of infarct size among patients with inferior transmural infarction, and accounts in part for the substantially increased initial and long-term survival compared with patients with anterior infarction associated with equivalent overall injury confined exclusively to the left ventricle.