tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adeno-Associated Virus Vector-Mediated Systemic Delivery of IFN-β Combined with Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide Affects Tumor Regression in Murine Neuroblastoma Models
Authors: Christian J. Streck, Paxton V. Dickson, Catherine Y.C. Ng, Junfang Zhou, John T. Gray, Amit C. Nathwani, Andrew M. Davidoff
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) have shown significant antitumor activity in preclinical models but limited efficacy and significant toxicity in clinical trials. We hypothesized that the antitumor activity of type I IFNs could be enhanced by chronic, low-dose systemic delivery and sought to test this in murine neuroblastoma models. Experimental Design: Continuous liver-generated expression of human IFN-β (hINF-β) was achieved through a gene therapy–mediated approach using adeno-associated virus vectors encoding hIFN-β (AAV hINF-β). Orthotopic localized retroperitoneal and disseminated models of neuroblastoma were established using three different xenografts. Immunohistochemical analysis and ELISA were used to evaluate the antiangiogenic effect of therapy. Results: The development of both localized orthotopic (retroperitoneal) and disseminated neuroblastoma was prevented in all mice expressing hINF-β. Continued growth of established retroperitoneal tumors, treated with AAV hINF-β as monotherapy, was significantly restricted, and survival for mice with established, disseminated disease was significantly prolonged following administration of AAV hINF-β. Analysis of treated tumors revealed a significant antiangiogenic effect. Mean intratumoral vessel density was diminished and expression of the angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were both decreased. Finally, combination therapy in which AAV hIFN-β was used together with low-dose cyclophosphamide resulted in regression of both established retroperitoneal and disseminated disease. Conclusions: AAV-mediated delivery of hIFN-β when used as monotherapy was able to restrict neuroblastoma growth due in part to inhibition of angiogenesis. When used in combination with conventional chemotherapy, AAV hIFN-β was able to effect complete tumor regression.
Clinical Course of Retrobulbar Hemangioblastomas in von Hippel–Lindau Disease
Authors: Catherine B. Meyerle, Sam S. Dahr, Nicholas M. Wetjen, Guy V. Jirawuthiworavong, John A. Butman, Russell R. Lonser, Edward Oldfield, Hanna Rodriguez-Coleman, Wai T. Wong, Emily Y. Chew
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
Impact of fluvastatin slow-release on low-density lipoprotein subfractions in patients with type 2 diabetes: baseline low-density lipoprotein profile determines specific mode of action
Authors: Karl Winkler, Michael M. Hoffmann, Isolde Friedrich, Rita Gläser, Claudia Abletshauser, Manfred W. Baumstark, Heinrich Wieland, Winfried März
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Antihyperglycemic and blood pressure-reducing effects of stevioside in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rat
Authors: P.B. Jeppesen, S. Gregersen, S.E.D. Rolfsen, M. Jepsen, M. Colombo, A. Agger, J. Xiao, M. Kruhøffer, T. Ørntoft, K. Hermansen
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
832-2 An animal model for in vivo imaging of human coronaries: A new tool to evaluate emerging technologies to detect vulnerable plaques
Authors: Sergio Waxman, Kamal R Khabbaz, Raymond J Connolly, Jing Tang, Alexandra Dabreo, Laura Egerhei, James E Muller, Guillermo J Tearney
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The Scope of Geriatrics
Authors: WILLIAM D. POE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorial NotesJune 1, 1975The Scope of GeriatricsWILLIAM D. POE, M.D.WILLIAM D. POE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-6-842 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSimple truth well told often enough, will be believed by some. The problem is in discerning what truth is. For those of us who believe that old people are important, however, a recent publication from WHO (1) is encouraging. It states what the needs of the aged are and, in a general way, how their needs can be met.A World Health Organization Expert Committee met in Geneva in November 1973. The committee-of-seven from seven different countries was headed by Professor W. F. Anderson of Glasgow. It is no surprise, then, that the report is in substantial agreement, even to...References1. Planning and Organization of Geriatric Services: Report of a WHO Expert Committee. No. 584, World Health Organization Technical Report Series, 1974. Price, $2.15 Google Scholar2. ANDERSON W: Preventive medicine in old age, in Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, edited by BROCKLEHURST JC. Edinburgh, Livingstone, 1973, pp. 718-725 Google Scholar3. ANDERSON W: The way ahead, in Geriatric Medicine, edited by ANDERSON WF, JUDGE TG. London and New York, Academic Press, 1974, pp. 307-315 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Geriatric Medical Residency Program A Four-Year ExperienceLESLIE S. LIBOW, M.D., F.A.C.P. June 1, 1975Volume 82, Issue 6Page: 842-843KeywordsGlobal health Issue Published: June 1, 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abciximab readministration: Final results of the reoprofireadministration registry
Authors: Jean-Pierre Dery, Gregory A. Braden, A. Michael Lincoff, Dean J. Kereiakes, Kevin F. Browne, Thomas Little, Barry S. George, Mark B. Effron, Mary Ann Mascelli, Mary Ann Langrall, Lakshmi Damaraju, Elliot S. Barnathan, James E. Tcheng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care
Authors: Alan I. Fields
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This is the second edition of a text that has become a standard in most pediatric ICUs. Readers familiar with the first edition will recognize the format as an updated and better organized version. The editorial structure has changed with the addition of section editors who have "developed expertise in the various subspecialties of pediatric intensive care." In addition, the tables of contents have been expanded and are more inclusive outlines of the chapter material. The text itself is better organized with more subheadings. These changes enable the reader to focus on specific aspects of a subject. Chapters on the respiratory, circulatory, and neurological systems, which were the strongest part of the first edition, have been updated and improved. As an example of updating, interosseous access for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use of helium for upper airway obstruction, and a longer discussion of antiviral agents for bronchiolitis have been added. More tables
Research in complementary medicine is essential
Authors: M. A Cornbleet
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The value of cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys to predict human pharmacokinetic parameters has been well established in recent years. However, practical limitations on cost and accessibility can often be a deterrent to obtain data in these valuable species, and the characterization of the predictive power of other nonhuman primates would be useful. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of a test set of marketed compounds in the African green monkey, to compare the pharmacokinetics of these agents between nonhuman primate species, and to validate the ability of the African green monkey to predict human pharmacokinetics. Intravenous pharmacokinetics were evaluated for 11 test compounds in this study and compared with data from rats, dogs, cynomolgus/rhesus monkeys, and humans. The results from this investigation indicate that African green monkeys deliver reasonable prediction of human clearance and mean residence time and volume of distribution, although somewhat less accurately than cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys, particularly for volume of distribution, potentially because of body size or composition or experimental design differences. Furthermore, use of an optimized clearance prediction algorithm from the literature enhanced predictivity over a simple liver blood flow-based extrapolation methodology. The data from this study show that African green monkeys have the potential to be used as a surrogate for cynomolgus or rhesus monkeys in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies, particularly for the study of clearance processes, and should be considered as an alternate nonhuman primate test species.
Arterial Pulse Wave Dynamics After Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Justin E. Davies, Sayan Sen, Chris Broyd, Nearchos Hadjiloizou, John Baksi, Darrel P. Francis, Rodney A. Foale, Kim H. Parker, Alun D. Hughes, Andrew Chukwuemeka, Roberto Casula, Iqbal S. Malik, Ghada W. Mikhail, Jamil Mayet
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aortic stenosis causes angina despite unobstructed arteries. Measurement of conventional coronary hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing valvular surgery has failed to explain these symptoms. With the advent of percutaneous aortic valve replacement (PAVR) and developments in coronary pulse wave analysis, it is now possible to instantaneously abolish the valvular stenosis and to measure the resulting changes in waves that direct coronary flow.Intracoronary pressure and flow velocity were measured immediately before and after PAVR in 11 patients with unobstructed coronary arteries. Using coronary pulse wave analysis, we calculated the intracoronary diastolic suction wave (the principal accelerator of coronary blood flow). To test physiological reserve to increased myocardial demand, we measured at resting heart rate and during pacing at 90 and 120 bpm. Before PAVR, the basal myocardial suction wave intensity was 1.9±0.3×10(-5) W · m(-2) · s(-2), and this increased in magnitude with increasing severity of aortic stenosis (r=0.59, P=0.05). This wave decreased markedly with increasing heart rate (β coefficient=-0.16×10(-4) W · m(-2) · s(-2); P<0.001). After PAVR, despite a fall in basal suction wave (1.9±0.3 versus 1.1±0.1×10(-5) W · m(-2) · s(-2); P=0.02), there was an immediate improvement in coronary physiological reserve with increasing heart rate (β coefficient=0.9×10(-3) W · m(-2) · s(-2); P=0.014).In aortic stenosis, the coronary physiological reserve is impaired. Instead of increasing when heart rate rises, the coronary diastolic suction wave decreases. Immediately after PAVR, physiological reserve returns to a normal positive pattern. This may explain how aortic stenosis can induce anginal symptoms and their prompt relief after PAVR. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01118442.
Revaccination against measles and rubella
Authors: F. T Cutts
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In November 1994, 92% of the 7.1 million schoolchildren in England aged 5-16 years received measles and rubella (MR) vaccine. The aim was to avert an anticipated measles epidemic and bring closer the elimination of measles and rubella.1 The campaign successfully reduced susceptibility to measles in schoolchildren from 10% to 3%, and to rubella from 20% to 6% in boys and 11% to 2% in girls.2 Between January and October 1995, only 53 cases of measles were confirmed by laboratory tests, compared to 266 cases in the same period of 1994. Despite the better coverage and protection, concerns have been raised about the risks from the vaccination campaign.

By the end of October 1995, Britain's Committee on Safety of Medicines had received 1202 reports describing 2735 suspected adverse reactions to the vaccines administered in the campaign, among which 530 were serious, though none was fatal.3 Symptoms and signs of anaphylaxis or allergic reactions within 24 hours of vaccination were reported from 1 in 65000 of those vaccinated. There were 91 reports of serious neurological reactions (including 61 reports of convulsions); but reported rates of encephalitis, convulsions, and Guillain-Barre syndrome were lower than the background prevalence of those conditions. The one report of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis occurred one month after vaccination in a child with a history of …
DIFFERENT RISK FACTOR PROFILE IN YOUNG VERSUS OLDER PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A SWEDISH CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AND ANGIOPLASTY REGISTRY STUDY
Authors: Daniel Lindholm, Stefan James, Jacob Odenstedt, Nina Johnston, Jonas Persson, Dimitrios Venetsanos, Bo Lagerqvist, Christoph Varenhorst
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Sponsorship of sport by tobacco companies
Authors: A. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1982)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Classic niche theory assumes that species-level functional traits affect species relative fitness and thus community structuring, but empirical tests of this assumption are scarce. Moreover, recent evidence shows increasing functional over-redundancy towards the tropics, suggesting that the extent to which functional traits confer species’ fitness and thus impact community structuring differs across latitudes. Here, we develop a new method: comparing the frequencies of trait categories in the species-rank abundance distributions of local communities versus their frequencies in the regional average species pool. We contrasted subarctic versus subtropical copepod communities for six important traits. In subarctic communities, medium-sized and cold-water species are selected to dominate, thus traits affect relative fitness as predicted by classic niche theory. In subtropical communities, most species are small and warm-water, but these categories are not selected to dominate, suggesting that greater diversity towards the tropics results from lesser trait-based fitness differences allowing more species to coexist.
Yoga reduces cardiovascular risk as much as walking or cycling, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Yoga can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk factors including body mass index, blood pressure, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, says a systematic review that found it had similar benefits to aerobic activities such as cycling or brisk walking.

Researchers analysed 37 randomised controlled trials, including 2768 people, that compared cardiovascular risk factors in adults who practised yoga to control groups who were not offered yoga therapy. People in the studies practised yoga for 30 to 90 minutes at each …
FACTORS INFLUENCING DISCHARGE OF FEMALE PATIENTS FROM A STATE MENTAL HOSPITAL
Authors: WILLIAM F. ORR, RUTH B. ANDERSON, MARGARET P. MARTIN, DES. F. PHILPOT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

Factors that statistically significantly influence a female patient's discharge from Central State Hospital favorably are (in descending order of significance): (1) Length of stay, (2) Limited education, and (3) Possession of immediate family. Factors, among others, that do not significantly influence discharge rate are: (1) Age, (2) Diagnosis, and (3) Treatment.
1035-222 Local velocity estimation analysis during bipolar single site and linear triple site rapid pacing in canine models: Implications for antitachycardia pacing
Authors: Kyungmoo Ryu, Raja N Ghanem, Celeen M Khrestian, Jayakumar Sahadevan, Parvin C Dorostkar, Robert N Goldstein, Albert L Waldo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Key and Conwell's Management of Fractures, Dislocations, and Sprains
Authors: David G. Vesely
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This text has been slanted toward conservative management of musculoskeletal injuries and manages to avoid complicated methods. Mention of these complicated methods is appropriately made, however, as, for example, use of Haynes and Stader pins with Rush pins in complicated Colles' fracture. Medical student and house officer will find help at every turn in this text and will find mentioned all the subtleties of the art. The classic content of this volume reflects the active part which Conwell and Key wove into its fabric during the 40 years involved in the rapid rise of orthopedic surgery in the United States. The book is divided into 2 parts, principles and general aspects and diagnosis and treatment of specific injuries. Part I very adequately illustrates simple splints for initial treatment of fractures and other injuries of the extremities. The principles of fracture immobilization and bone healing, which follow, will prove helpful to
STUDIES ON HOST-VIRUS INTERACTIONS IN THE CHICK EMBRYO-INFLUENZA VIRUS SYSTEM
Authors: Kurt Paucker, Werner Henle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

The role of inactivated influenza virus in the von Magnus phenomenon has been studied by exposing standard virus preparations in vitro to 37 degrees C. for periods up to 6 or more days. The rate of inactivation of the infectious property of the line of PR8 virus employed was found to be approximately 1.1 log(10) unit per day, denoting a half-life of 6(1/2) hours. The rate of inactivation was similar in the allantoic cavity of chick embryos. On allantoic passage of such heated seeds without dilution it was seen that with a decrease in the infectivity of the inocula proportionately less infectious virus was found in the harvests. The yields of hemagglutinins were much less affected, and thus ID(50)/HA ratios of as low as 10(1.0) were observed in the 24 hour harvests. The ratios of the yields always equalled or were higher than those of the inocula. On 100- or 1000-fold dilution of the heated seeds standard virus was obtained. Growth curves in intact chick embryos or in deembryonated eggs (differential yields) revealed that non-infectious hemagglutinins appeared in the tissues or were liberated therefrom as soon as any virus activity became detectable. Furthermore, once maximal liberation had been established, infectious virus and non-infectious hemagglutinins were released for extended periods of time at nearly constant rates and in unchanging proportions, the latter depending upon the seed employed. Heated standard virus and undiluted passage seeds (von Magnus), selected on the basis of similar ID(50) and HA concentrations, failed to yield similar results in differential growth curves in deembryonated eggs. Although the hemagglutinin titers in the 2-hourly harvests were nearly identical, the undiluted passage seeds produced as little as 1 per cent of the infectious virus which was derived from the heated inocula. Thus considerable differences exist between the 2 types of seeds.
Management of Asymptomatic Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Joshua A. Beckman
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Optimal management of patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis remains unclear. Although 2 high-quality randomized clinical trials demonstrated reductions in ispsilateral stroke rates in patients without symptoms after carotid endarterectomy, medical therapy of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis has reduced rates of stroke to approximately 1% per year, raising questions about the generalizability of these previous trials to current medical practice. However, reductions in adverse events after revascularization can make revascularization more attractive. The emergence of percutaneous revascularization for carotid artery stenosis has raised further questions about optimal management of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. This Grand Rounds summarizes the factors to consider when counseling patients and making clinical decisions regarding medical therapy and revascularization for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. This information should provide clinicians with the knowledge base to counsel patients about the risks and benefits of treatment options.
Expression of fibrinolytic genes in atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm wall. A possible mechanism for aneurysm expansion.
Authors: J Schneiderman, G M Bordin, I Engelberg, R Adar, D Seiffert, T Thinnes, E F Bernstein, R B Dilley, D J Loskutoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Expansion of atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been attributed to remodeling of the extracellular matrix by active proteolysis. We used in situ hybridization to analyze the expression of fibrinolytic genes in aneurysm wall from eight AAA patients. All specimens exhibited specific areas of inflammatory infiltrates with macrophage-like cells expressing urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type PA (t-PA) mRNA. Type 1 PA inhibitor (PAI-1) mRNA was expressed at the base of the necrotic atheroma of all specimens and also within some of the inflammatory infiltrates where it frequently colocalized in regions containing u-PA and t-PA mRNA expressing cells. However, in these areas, the cellular distribution of the transcripts for t-PA and u-PA extended far beyond the areas of PAI-1 expression. These observations suggest a local ongoing proteolytic process, one which is only partially counteracted by the more restricted expression of PAI-1 mRNA. An abundance of capillaries was also obvious in all inflammatory infiltrates and may reflect local angiogenesis in response to active pericellular fibrinolysis. The increased fibrinolytic capacity in AAA wall may promote angiogenesis and contribute to local proteolytic degradation of the aortic wall leading to physical weakening and active expansion of the aneurysm.
Progression Towards Increasing Tolerance To Less Extensively Heat-Denatured Milk Products
Authors: Hugh A. Sampson, George N. Konstantinou, Jacob Daniel Kattan, Madhan Masilamani, Beth D. Strong, Tee Bahnson, Kaitie Fernandez, Anna H. Nowak-Wegrzyn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
The role of biopsy of the nontumorous liver parenchyma in patients considered for partial resection of small hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: David Fuks, Francois Durand, Jacques Belghiti
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

We read with interest the article by Roayaie et al. reporting on resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ≤2 cm in two Western centers.1 This elegant study shows that excellent results (e.g., up to 80% 5-year survival) can be achieved with adequate surgical resection in selected patients with small HCC. These results are in line with the study from our group published this year in HEPATOLOGY concerning potentially transplantable patients who were resected first in a strategy of salvage transplantation in cases of recurrence.2 In the context of organ shortage, we fully agree with the conclusion that resection should continue to be a first-line option in patients with preserved liver function.1 In addition to classical tumor factors, these two studies confirm that nonanatomic resection and presence of cirrhosis were associated with a higher risk of recurrence. In our series, for instance, 64% of the patients who did not experience recurrence after resection had stage 3 fibrosis. The feasibility of anatomic resection, which was independently associated with less recurrence, as well as postoperative morbidity, obviously depends upon the extent of underlying fibrosis. Although Roayaie et al. have shown that advances in the management of HCC could come from the underlying liver parenchyma, they do not mention the usefulness of preoperative biopsy of nontumorous liver parenchyma, to better select the optimal candidates for resection. The importance of nontumorous parenchyma is illustrated by the finding by the same group that gene expression signatures in the adjacent liver parenchyma, but not in the tumor, were highly correlated to recurrence and survival after resection.3 Overall, these data strongly suggest that in addition to tumor status, careful assessment of nontumorous liver parenchyma with preoperative biopsy of the nontumorous parenchyma should be incorporated in the decision-making of patients with small HCC who are potential candidates for resection.