tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Osier and Humanism-Reply
Authors: John M. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In Reply.—  We appreciate Dr Guazzo's compliment concerning the Osler Lecture Series at Madison General Hospital. It was not our intention to be inaccurate when referring to Dr Osler's philosophy as humanistic. As evidenced by several programs in the series, our use of the term implied a broader dimension, which in no way excludes the spiritual.
Influence of Sex Difference and Hormones on Elastine and Collagen in the Aorta of Chickens
Authors: JOSÉ CEMBRANO, MANUEL LILLO, JOSÉ VAL, JORGE MARDONES
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

Collagen and elastine of the aorta were estimated in normal chickens of both sexes in cockerels, gonadectomized or treated with estradiol, and in hens treated with testosterone. The results showed that collagen and elastine were significantly higher in males than in females. Gonadectomy in males decreased significantly the content of collagen and elastine, so that the values became similar to those observed in females. The treatment of males with estradiol lowered the collagen and elastine content to values similar to those observed in females and in gonadectomized males. The treatment of females with testosterone increased significantly the collagen and elastine content of the aorta to levels similar to those observed in males.
Journal Policies on Conflict of Interest: If this Is the Therapy, What’s the Disease?
Authors: Sheldon Krimsky
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

Accessible online at: www.karger.com/journals/pps The editorial by Giovanni Fava in a recent issue of this journal [1] brings to our attention the multifarious effects of corporate, for-profit interests on scientific research and clinical medicine. Some of these influences are, to use a medical metaphor, at the subclinical level. We suspect, but cannot detect, the salient effects on research and the enterprise of science resulting from the growing influence of industry on academic scientists and researchers at nonprofit institutes. In the United States it has been the goal of several federal policies through laws, economic tax incentives, legal decisions and executive orders to create closer linkages between universities and for-profit companies [2]. Other countries are following, albeit more slowly, the academic-industry model currently in fashion in the United States [3, 4]. Three areas of possible impact are the selection of research questions, biasing of research outcomes, and public perception of science. It is difficult to study private funding influences on the choice of research questions. In some fields, such as weed science, where private funding is extensive, the influences may be fairly obvious. For one prominent journal, we documented a significant bias toward studies involving high input chemical weed control, over alternative methods, including integrated pest management deploying nonchemical methods [5]. In the field of weed science the choice of research questions is heavily influenced by the interests of chemical-industry benefactors. In certain fields of biomedical sciences where research and journals are strongly influenced by private interests, it is reasonable to expect similar effects on the skewing of research strategies. As Fava notes, certain data do not get published because the gatekeepers of ‘worthy knowledge’ have a financial interest in marginalizing research agendas that threaten corporate profits. Potential relationships between funding source and bias are also fairly complicated to study. The few studies that have been published suggest that researchers studying a drug and funded by manufacturers are more likely to reach a favorable interpretation of its safety, efficacy, or cost-effectiveness than those studying the same drug but funded by not-for-profit institutions [6–10]. The reason we haven’t found more evidence of bias associated with financial conflicts of interest is that we haven’t looked. The cases that do come to light usually are revealed in the aftermath of a drug withdrawal [11, 12]. A third potential outcome of conflicts-of-interest among independent scientists is the impact they may have on the public’s trust in science. While the erosion of trust in science has been cited as an outcome of academic entrepreneurship, no credible studies have documented the effect. Nevertheless, some journal editors are sufficiently moved by the prospect that their journal will lose
The alpha chain gene of H-2O has an unexpected location in the major histocompatibility complex.
Authors: L Karlsson, P A Peterson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

A previously unknown major histocompatibility complex class II molecule consisting of the beta chain encoded by the H-2Ob gene and an unknown alpha chain was recently described. We now report that the alpha chain occurs in two allelic forms distinguished by charge difference. Using inbred recombinant mouse strains we were able to map the H-2Oa gene to a location between the A.TL and B10.MBR recombination points. Cosmids covering this region were used to isolate the gene. Sequence analysis revealed that the H-2Oa gene is the murine equivalent of the human HLA-DNA gene. These results indicate that the human HLA-DNA gene, the existence of which has long been known, is indeed coding for DO alpha, the alpha chain pairing with DO beta.
Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Jörg Kempfert, Ardawan Rastan, David Holzhey, Axel Linke, Gerhard Schuler, Arnaud van Linden, Johannes Blumenstein, Friedrich Wilhelm Mohr, Thomas Walther
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Transapical aortic valve implantation has evolved to a reproducible therapeutic option for high-risk patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate our learning experience over 4 years and to analyze outcome-related risk factors. Methods and Results— A total of 299 patients who received transapical aortic valve implantation between February 2006 and January 2010 with the Edwards SAPIEN transcatheter prosthesis were analyzed according to early experience (EE; patients 1 to 150) and recent experience (RE; patients 151 to 299). Patients consistently demonstrated high risk scores, and major perioperative parameters were comparable between the 2 groups. RE patients had a significantly higher logistic EuroSCORE (RE 33.2±17.2, EE 29.4±14; P =0.039) but a significantly lower STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons) score (RE 11.4±7.5, EE 13.5±7.8; P =0.019). Use of contrast dye (EE 104±78 mL, RE 93±46 mL) and the need to perform a balloon redilation were significantly reduced in the RE group. Thirty-day mortality decreased from 11.3% to 6.0%, and 1-year mortality improved significantly from 30.7% (EE) to 21.5% in the RE patients ( P =0.047). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed reduced vital capacity (&lt;70%) and concomitant preoperative mitral regurgitation &gt;1+ as the only independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Classic variables such as age, logistic EuroSCORE &gt;30%, and STS score &gt;15% failed to predict mortality. Conclusions— Recent results with transapical aortic valve implantation indicate a progressive improvement in outcomes despite an unchanged patient risk profile, which reflects a significant learning curve that includes a better understanding of optimal patient selection. Classic surgical risk factors fail to predict outcome, which indicates the need for new transapical aortic valve implantation–specific risk scores.
Ultra-Violet Radiation and Varicose Ulcers
Authors: J. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1927)

The active vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>), is now well recognized as a potent regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation in addition to possessing a regulatory effect on calcium and phosphorus metabolism. From research on the synthesis of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> analogs with the goal of separating these biological activities, we have already reported two characteristic analogs of active vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, namely 1α,25-dihydroxy-22-oxavitamin D<sub>3</sub> (OCT) and 1α,25-dihydroxy-2β-(3-hydroxypropoxy) vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (ED-71). OCT, a 22-oxa analog obtained from modification of the side chain of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>, has been used clinically as an injection for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism underlying renal insufficiency and as an ointment for the skin disease, psoriasis. OCT has also been reported to exhibit antiangiogenic activity, exerting antitumor effects without producing serious side effects such as hypercalcemia. On the other hand, ED-71, which possesses a hydroxypropoxy substituent at the 2β-position of the A-ring of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>, has more potent biological effects on bone compared to 1 and phase III clinical studies for bone-fracture prevention have been completed. To explore structure activity relationship between ED-71 and related analogs, significant attention was now focused on the diastereomer of 3 at both the 1- and 3-positions of the A-ring, namely 3-epi-ED-71, 1-epi-ED-71 and 1,3-diepi-ED-71. All possible A-ring diastereomers at the 1- and 3-positions of ED-71 were synthesized using C<sub>2</sub>-symmetrical epoxide as a common starting material by convergent Trost methodology.
Management of suspected cardiac infarction by British immediate care doctors
Authors: E. Wilkes
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Management of suspected cardiac infarction by British immediate care doctors SIR,-In the interesting study by Dr D C Rawlins of the management of suspected cardiac infarction by British immediate care doctors (23 May, p 1677) it is stated that some of the 23 lives lost might have been saved if every practitioner had had his own portable defibrillator; and, of course, this may well be true.We have, however, trained deputies in Sheffield and provided them with portable defibrillators and, although on several occasions electrocardiographic tracings were used to confirm the diagnosis, over two years defibrillation was never found relevant and never tried, and no lives were saved.The project was dismantled as cost ineffective.If this type of resuscitation is going to be used by the practitioner only about once in every seven years, we had much better pin our faith on preventive care.The difficulties in maintaining apparatus, enthusiasm, and skill are too daunting to merit support.
Phorbol Ester-Induced, Cell-Cycle-Specific, Growth Inhibition of Human B-Lymphoma Cell Lines
Authors: M. Beckwith, D. L. Longo, C. D. O'Connell, C. M. Moratz, W. J. Urba
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

The activation, growth, and differentiation of three B-cell-and one non-B-cell-derived human lymphoma cell lines were examined after treatment with protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters. Treatment with these agents resulted in early activation events similar to those observed in normal B cells. However, in contrast to their growth-promoting effect on normal human B lymphocytes, exposure to these phorbol esters induced profound growth inhibition of the three B-cell-derived lymphoma lines. Maximal inhibition was achieved within 24 hours of culture initiation and could be reversed if the phorbol ester was removed after 12, but not 20, hours in culture. Cell-cycle analysis of phorbol ester-treated lymphoma cells revealed a G 1 /S block in one line, whereas cells from the other two lines accumulated in G 2 /M. These data demonstrate that protein kinase C-binding phorbol esters can interrupt the cell cycle in two places in actively dividing human B-lymphoma cells. These findings may prove valuable with regard to potential therapy of human malignant lymphomas. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 501–509, 1990]
Children and HIV
Authors: Bernadette O’Hare
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Structure of the gene of tum- transplantation antigen P198: a point mutation generates a new antigenic peptide.
Authors: C Sibille, P Chomez, C Wildmann, A Van Pel, E De Plaen, J L Maryanski, V de Bergeyck, T Boon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Mutagen treatment of mouse tumor cell line P815 produces tum- variants that are rejected by syngeneic mice because they express new transplantation antigens. These tum- antigens are recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) but induce no detectable antibody response. By transfecting P815 cell line P1.HTR with DNA of tum- variant P198, we obtained transfectants expressing tum- antigen P198 that could be identified on the basis of their ability to stimulate anti-P198 CTL. This was repeated with DNA of a cosmid library derived from variant P198, and a cosmid carrying the sequence encoding antigen P198 was recovered from a transfectant. Gene P198 is 3 kb long and contains eight exons. It shows no homology with previously identified tum- gene P91A, nor with any gene presently recorded in the data banks. The long open reading frame codes for a 23.5-kD protein. The antigenic allele of gene P198 differs from the normal allele by a point mutation located in exon 7. This mutation causes an Ala to Thr change, and was shown by site-directed mutagenesis to be responsible for the expression of the antigen. An 11-amino acid synthetic peptide covering the sequence surrounding the tum- mutation rendered P815 cells sensitive to lysis by anti-P198 CTL. The homologous peptide corresponding to the normal sequence of the gene did not, but it was able to compete for binding to major histocompatibility complex molecule Kd. We conclude that tum- mutation P198 generates a new epitope recognized by syngeneic T cells. As observed with gene P91A, we found that a fragment of gene P198 that contained only exons 3-7, cloned in nonexpression vectors, transferred efficiently the expression of the antigen.
Inhibition of IGF-I–induced Erk 1 and 2 activation and mitogenesis in mesangial cells by bradykinin
Authors: Celine Alric, Christiane Pecher, Eric Cellier, Joost P. Schanstra, Bruno Poirier, Jacques Chevalier, Jean-Loup Bascands, Jean-Pierre Girolami
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Cost of medical publications
Authors: D. A. Pyke
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Various sugars were administered intravenously to rabbits and the rate of exsorption from plasma to intestinal lumen was measured. The exsorption rates of lactulose, mannose, and xylose were directly related to their plasma concentration but varied according to their molecular weight. Wglucose and galactose did not appear in the intestinal lumen until very high plasma concentrations were reached. The mucosal barrier which prevented glucose and galactose exsorption was abolished when luminal phlorizin M times 10-minus 2 or another actively absorbed sugar was placed in the lumen. 2:4 Dinitrophenol M times 10-minus 3 and the absence of the sodium ion did not impair the ffficiency of the barrier. When the plasma glucose concentration was raised to very high levels, glucose began to appear in the lumen; further increases in the glucose concentration then produced a rapid exsorption of glucose.
Drug induced acute pancreatitis: incidence and severity.
Authors: P G Lankisch, M Droge, F Gottesleben
Journal: Gut (1995)

To determine the incidence and severity of drug induced acute pancreatitis, data from 45 German centres of gastroenterology were evaluated. Among 1613 patients treated for acute pancreatitis in 1993, drug induced acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 22 patients (incidence 1.4%). Drugs held responsible were azathioprine, mesalazine/sulfasalazine, 29,39-dideoxyinosine (ddI), oestrogens, frusemide, hydrochlorothiazide, and rifampicin. Pancreatic necrosis not exceeding 33% of the organ was found on ultrasonography or computed tomography, or both, in three patients (14%). Pancreatic pseudocysts did not occur. A decrease of arterial PO2 reflecting respiratory insufficiency, and an increase of serum creatinine, reflecting renal insufficiency as complications of acute pancreatitis were seen in two (9%) and four (18%) patients, respectively. Artificial ventilation was not needed, and dialysis was necessary in only one (5%) case. Two patients (9%) died of AIDS and tuberculosis, respectively; pancreatitis did not seem to have contributed materially to their death. In conclusion, drugs rarely cause acute pancreatitis, and drug induced acute pancreatitis usually runs a benign course.
Lessons from a Label Maker
Authors: Y. Pritham Raj
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

On Being a Doctor1 November 2005Lessons from a Label MakerY. Pritham Raj, MDY. Pritham Raj, MDFrom Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-9-200511010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Transitional objects are ubiquitous in childhood. They may take the form of a favorite blanket or, in my 18-month-old son's case, a stuffed bear named Bo. Mine was, oddly enough, a label maker. It was a lime green contraption with a circular head that would imprint anything I desired onto small strips of plastic. It was housed together with my other treasures—battered toy cars, little green army men, and assorted charms from cereal boxes—inside a small canvas bag with a drawstring top that, when slung over my shoulder, gave me the look of a miniature hobo. I loved that label ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.Corresponding Author: Y. Pritham Raj, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3369, Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710; e-mail, [email protected]duke.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 2005Volume 143, Issue 9Page: 686-687KeywordsDiagnostic medicineGenetic diseasesSchizophreniaShouldersSoftware toolsSportsWeight loss ePublished: 1 November 2005 Issue Published: 1 November 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Consultants may win right to work in independent sector treatment centres as well as NHS
Authors: N. Timmins
Journal: BMJ (2009)

NHS trusts in England should not be allowed to bar their consultants from working in their own time for private providers of NHS care, the NHS’s advisory panel on competition has said.

The move comes after more than 40 NHS trusts—around a quarter of the total—have tried to bar or dissuade their consultants from treating NHS patients in the 30 or so independent sector treatment centres or, in some cases, in private hospitals where patients have chosen to go for their NHS funded care.

Trusts have acted because they fear they will lose patients and income to the competition, the panel said last week, and their actions …
Dendritic cells from patients with myeloma are numerically normal but functionally defective as they fail to up-regulate CD80 (B7-1) expression after huCD40LT stimulation because of inhibition by transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-10
Authors: Ross D. Brown, Belinda Pope, Allan Murray, Warren Esdale, Daniel M. Sze, John Gibson, P. Joy Ho, Derek Hart, Doug Joshua
Journal: Blood (2001)
The Rape of the Phallus —A Sequel
Authors: Stanley Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  It was quite a shock to find an article so lacking in scientific merit... in your pages. Such an article would seem more worthy of a popular nonmedical journal...   W. K. C. Morgan : To quote Tom Driberg, No one is so compelling as the man who knows that he is right, since the majority of the human race prefer the certainty of irrational conviction to the insecurity of rational doubt. Dr. Friedman knows he is right but I am afraid he does not compel me!
Whither Clinical Research in Diabetic Sensorimotor Peripheral Neuropathy?
Authors: Andrew J.M. Boulton
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Neuropathies are among the commonest of long-term diabetes complications, and the management of chronic sensorimotor distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DPN) presents a significant therapeutic challenge (1,2). DPN may manifest with several diverse clinical presentations, including troublesome, neuropathic pain and, at the other end of the spectrum, the insensitive foot at risk of ulceration. Whereas the former gives rise to many unfamiliar and uncomfortable painful and paresthetic symptoms that impact quality of life (3), foot ulceration, which may lead to amputation, has major social and economic implications for the health care system (4,5).

There are currently two main approaches to DPN therapy. First, there are those treatments that alleviate the persistent painful symptoms in the lower limbs. These include the tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, opioids, and opioid-like agents; the efficacy of these is supported by multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and, in some cases (e.g., the tricyclic drugs), meta-analyses (1,2,6). The newer agents duloxetine and pregabalin also have confirmed efficacy in several RCTs. However, none of these interventions has any impact on the natural history of the condition, which, until recently, was believed to comprise a progressive loss of nerve fibers.

The second group of therapies consists of those …
A painful swelling in the groin
Authors: J. J. Harvey, M. J. Duddy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 76 year old woman presented with a 13 day history of severe pain and swelling in her right groin. She lived independently with her husband and normally had an active life, but walking was becoming increasingly difficult because of the groin pain. Although she denied any recent trauma, she had been treated for an incidentally discovered cerebral artery aneurysm three weeks earlier. The treatment had been successful and she said it had been performed using a “special needle in my groin.” She had been discharged from hospital one week after the procedure and had not had fever or discharge from the groin puncture wound. She was otherwise in good health. Her current drugs were aspirin and clopidogrel, which she took for ischaemic heart disease. On clinical examination she had a small, pulsatile, exquisitely tender mass in the proximal medial right thigh, just distal to the right groin skin crease. The healed needle puncture site was close to the mass. Distal pulses in the right lower limb were strong, and the limb was warm with no skin changes or visible bruising. A clinical diagnosis of iatrogenic right femoral artery pseudoaneurysm was made. A Doppler ultrasound of the right femoral artery was requested to confirm the diagnosis and guide further management. The Doppler ultrasound confirmed the presence of a large (4×3 cm) rounded sac superficial to the distal right common femoral artery. The sac was directly connected to the artery by a narrow neck and a high velocity jet of arterial blood was seen flowing into the sac, consistent with a pseudoaneurysm of the right common femoral artery.