tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of Diabetes Screening on Quality of Life
Authors: David Edelman, Maren K. Olsen, Tara K. Dudley, Amy C. Harris, Eugene Z. Oddone
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—Diagnosis of a chronic illness can have a negative impact on patients’ perception of their well-being (“labeling” effect). We sought to determine the effects of a new diagnosis of diabetes, discovered by systematic screening, on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 1 year after diagnosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We performed diabetes screening at the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center of 1,253 outpatients, aged 45–64 years, who did not report having diabetes. Our initial screen was a serum HbA1c measurement. All subjects with HbA1c ≥6.0% were invited for follow-up measurement of blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose. A case of unrecognized diabetes was defined as HbA1c ≥7.0% or fasting plasma glucose ≥7 mmol/dl. HRQoL was measured by Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) for all patients at baseline and 1 year after enrollment. Linear multivariable models were used to determine the independent effect of the new diagnosis of diabetes on HRQoL. RESULTS—Mean SF-36 Physical Component Score (PCS) for all patients was 36.2, and mean Mental Component Score (MCS) was 49.6. A total of 56 patients (4.5%) were found to have diabetes at screening. Patients found to have diabetes at screening had mean PCS of 35.6, which was not different from a mean PCS of 36.3 for those patients found not to have diabetes (P = 0.67). After adjusting for baseline PCS values, PCS 1 year after screening was similar for patients with and without diabetes found at screening (P = 0.95). Similarly, patients found to have diabetes at screening had mean MCS of 48.8; those found not to have diabetes had MCS of 49.6 (P = 0.70). After adjusting for baseline MCS values, MCS 1 year after screening was also similar between the two groups (P = 0.77). CONCLUSIONS—For patients with a new diagnosis of diabetes discovered through systematic screening, HRQoL is similar to patients found not to have diabetes. Furthermore, HRQoL scores remain stable over the year after screening. This suggests that screening for diabetes has minimal, if any, “labeling” effect with respect to HRQoL.
The Edinburgh Tradition and Clinical Instruction.
Authors: Philip Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Elizabeth, Ill., March 20, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The editorial on p. 670 ofThe Journalfor March 9, on "The Edinburgh Tradition and Clinical Instruction," was read with much interest. I appreciated more fully perhaps its importance from having been instructed in an institution where the students, from the time they matriculate, are obliged to devote one-half of each day to clinical bedside instruction. This has been the practice, since its foundation in 1834, of the medical department of the Tulane University. New Orleans. The great Charity Hospital, so closely associated with this school, has given the faculty the opportunity to give bedside instruction. Since 1868 it has been the fixed regulation to divide the students into sections, each of which is taken in charge by a clinical professor and his chief of clinic. Bedside instruction is given each day in the hospital wards. Each student in a ward
Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide induces TH1 immune response and inhibition of IgE antibody production to cedar pollen allergens in mice☆☆☆★
Authors: Yasuhiro Kohama, Osamu Akizuki, Katsunobu Hagihara, Eitaro Yamada, Hiroshi Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in trials for Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases
Authors: Alberto Lleó, Enrica Cavedo, Lucilla Parnetti, Hugo Vanderstichele, Sanna Kaisa Herukka, Niels Andreasen, Roberta Ghidoni, Piotr Lewczuk, Andreas Jeromin, Bengt Winblad, Magda Tsolaki, Barbara Mroczko, Pieter Jelle Visser, Isabel Santana, Per Svenningsson, Kaj Blennow, Dag Aarsland, José Luis Molinuevo, Henrik Zetterberg, Brit Mollenhauer
Journal: Nature Reviews Neurology (2014)
Desires No Change in the Code of Ethics.
Authors: W. G. McFadden
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Shelbyville, Ind., July 4, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> Feeling rather patriotic to-day, with my trust unshaken in the old flag, and the old Code, as a humble member of the regular medical profession, and having been governed by its teachings for nearly fifty years, I enter my protest against any revision of the old Code. This proposed revision does not revise, but only clothes in slightly different language the various articles and sections of the old Code, which some of us still cling to, and believe that it is almost sacrilege to lay hands on. As usual, with all those who are dissatisfied with the old Code, Section 4 is the one that the author of this alleged revision stumbles over; and if any reader of your valuable journal can tell us old regulars just what we are to do in reference to consultations, after reading Section 2 and Section
O6.09 * PROSTAGLANDIN E RECEPTOR-4 ACTIVATION REGULATES TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM IN HUMAN MALIGNANT GLIOMAS
Authors: K. Ochs, M. Ott, K. J. Rauschenbach, F. Sahm, C. A. Opitz, A. von Deimling, W. Wick, M. Platten
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Malignant gliomas generate a local immunosuppressive microenvironment as well as systemic immunosuppression. Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO)-mediated tryptophan metabolism and the production of immunosuppressive prostaglandins relevantly contribute to this inhibition of anti-glioma immune responses. We now connect these two critical immunosuppressive pathways by demonstrating that prostaglandins enhance TDO expression and enzymatic activity in malignant gliomas via activation of prostaglandin E receptor-4 (EP4). Stimulation with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration-dependently upregulates TDO-mediated kynurenine release in human glioma cell lines, while knockdown of the PGE2 receptor EP4 inhibits TDO expression and activity. In tissue of human malignant gliomas expression of the PGE2-producing enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its receptor EP4 are associated with TDO expression both on transcript and protein level. Of clinical relevance, high expression of EP4 correlates with poor survival in patients with gliomas of the WHO grades III and IV. Importantly, treatment of glioma cells with an EP4 inhibitor decreased TDO expression and activity. In summary targeting EP4 may inhibit both immunosuppressive COX-2 signaling as well as tryptophan degradation and thus could provide a novel immunotherapeutic avenue for the treatment of malignant gliomas.
Sharing the Parental Bedroom
Authors: William G. Crook
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the discussion entitled "Sharing the Parental Bedroom" (1980;244:1498) that appeared in the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section, both consultants presented a negative view of infants and young children sharing a bedroom with the parent, and one consultant thought it was the parents whose "needs are being served by this arrangement," rather than the child's. Until relatively recently, I urged parents to get the baby out of the parents' room by the age of 6 months. I thought it was "bad" for the infant and that it encouraged "excessive dependency" and "bad habits." However, in 1977 I attended a conference of the La Leche League International (LLLI) in Toronto. I subsequently attended the LLLI conference in 1979 in Atlanta. While at these conferences, I talked to dozens of parents who had given thoughtful consideration to this question. I also became familiar with a new book,<i>The Family Bed:</i>
Mixed micelle systems formed from critical micelle concentration and temperature-sensitive diblock copolymers for doxorubicin delivery
Authors: Chun-Liang Lo, Sheng-Jie Lin, Hsieh-Chih Tsai, Wei-Hsiang Chan, Cheng-Hung Tsai, Chien-Hsin D. Cheng, Ging-Ho Hsiue
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Fifty Hours for the Poor
Authors: Walter F. Tauber
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  In their editorial, Dr Lundberg and Mr Bodine 1 call for free service to the indigent by lawyers and physicians at a rate of 50 hours each year.  Indeed, we owe services to the indigent. However, this is based on our status as relatively affluent members of society, not on our professional expertise. These services should be provided by each of us through our taxes . Our exposure should not depend on whether maternity services or criminal defense, coronary care or tenants-rights cases predominate.  I, for one, am perfectly willing to pay for this care. What I am not willing to do is to let the charlatans in political office off the hook, even if they ask me to read their lips.
Sodium purine nucleoside transporter
Authors: Irwin M. Arias
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

clearly complex.These regulatory changes are relevant to both our understanding normal physiology and in guiding therapeutic interventions in cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia.The literature to date in this area is both confusing and conflicting.Comprehensive analyses of molecular and physiological events in a range of experimental models and animal species need to be carefully performed to clarify these important issues.
Postoperative radiation therapy for extramammary Paget's disease
Authors: M. Hata, I. Koike, H. Wada, E. Miyagi, T. Kasuya, H. Kaizu, Y. Mukai, T. Inoue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignancy that is usually treated with surgery. Patients with positive surgical margins require adjuvant therapy, but there have been few reports on the use of radiation therapy.To investigate the effectiveness of postoperative radiation therapy in EMPD.Twenty-one patients with EMPD involving the genitalia underwent radiation therapy as adjuvant therapy after surgery. Ten patients had inguinal lymph node involvement before radiation therapy, but none had distant metastases. A median total dose of 59·4 Gy (range, 45-64·8 Gy) was delivered to the tumour bed in 30 fractions (range, 23-36 fractions).At a median follow-up period of 38 months, all patients had local control. However, six patients had developed distant metastases 6-43 months after radiation therapy. The distant metastasis-free rates were 66% at 3 years and 55% at 5 years. Inguinal lymph node involvement was a significant risk factor for distant metastases. Four patients died 33-58 months after irradiation; the causes of death were tumour progression in three patients and infectious pneumonia in one. The overall and cause-specific survival rates were both 92% at 3 years, and 62% and 71% at 5 years, respectively. No therapy-related toxicities of grade ≥ 3 were observed.Postoperative radiation therapy is safe and effective in maintaining local control in patients with EMPD.
Cystadénome mucineux du pancréas: traitement par injection d'alcool guidée par échoendoscopie. A propos de 3 cas
Authors: F Caillol, CH Pesenti, E Bories, G Monges, M Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Récemment Gan et al. Ont décrit l'alcoolisation de lésions kystiques du pancréas. Nous rapportons notre expérience à propos de 3 cas.
The Evolving Role and Value of Libraries and Librarians in Health Care
Authors: Julia F. Sollenberger, Robert G. Holloway
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The pre-clinical assessment of rapamycin-eluting, durable polymer-free stent coating concepts
Authors: Kristin Steigerwald, Sabine Merl, Adnan Kastrati, Anna Wieczorek, Marc Vorpahl, Raimund Mannhold, Michael Vogeser, Jörg Hausleiter, Michael Joner, Albert Schömig, Rainer Wessely
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)
Randomized Phase II Trial of Cisplatin, Etoposide, and Radiation Followed by Gemcitabine Alone or by Combined Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Stage III A/B Unresectable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Benjamin Movsas, Corey J. Langer, Helen J. Ross, Luhua Wang, Robert M. Jotte, Steve Feigenberg, Feng Xu, Chao H. Huang, Matthew J. Monberg, Coleman K. Obasaju
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
The Paradoxical Association between Bcl-2 Expression and Prognosis: Does the Immune System Make the Difference?
Authors: Jürgen C. Becker, Per thor Straten, Mads Hald Andersen
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

To the Editor:In the December 1, 2004 issue of Cancer Research, DiVito et al. (1) describe a rather paradoxical role of the antiapoptosis protein Bcl-2, showing an association between high Bcl-2 expression and improved survival in melanoma. Bcl-2 is implicated in cancer development, tumor progression, and protection of cells from a wide range of cytotoxic insults, including cytokine deprivation, irradiation, and chemotherapeutic drugs (2). In an elegant approach by means of tissue microarrays the authors show that high Bcl-2 expression in melanoma is actually associated with a better prognosis. Furthermore, Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher in the primary tumors as compared with metastatic lesions. It should be noted that a similar association between Bcl-2 expression and prognosis has been described for breast cancer patients even if treated with chemotherapy (3). These findings were unexpected because overexpression of Bcl-2 in tumor cell results in enhanced resistance to apoptosis in vitro (2). Thus, the association of Bcl-2 expression and improved survival of melanoma patients shows the complexity of the in vivo situation. To this end, DiVito et al. suggest that Bcl-2 may serve a similar role as estrogen receptor for breast cancer (i.e., to promote tumor growth but to be associated with improved overall survival) or Bcl-2 mRNA in the melanoma cells may only be effectively translated into protein if expressed at lower levels. Other groups have suggested that the similar paradoxical correlation of Bcl-2 and prognosis in breast cancer may be due to inhibitory effects of Bcl-2 on cell proliferation or the presence of Bcl-2 antagonists that negate its cytoprotective function.Based on several recent observations, we would like to append an additional level of complexity, the cellular immune system. CTLs isolated from breast cancer patients spontaneously react against peptide epitopes derived from the Bcl-2 protein (4). In extension to this observation we have detected a spontaneous immune response against Bcl-2 in blood of melanoma patients (data not shown). The loss of the Bcl-2 expression during progression from primary to metastatic melanoma in patients suggests an active immune selection of the respective melanoma clones by the tumor-bearing host (e.g., via a specific immune response). Our recent observation that the selection of melanoma cells expressing wild-type BRaf from primary melanoma dominated by cells characterized by the oncogenic V600EBRaf mutation is associated with a cellular immune response against the mutated BRaf supports the notion that an immune response against Bcl-2 should also be considered as a factor contributing to the observations reported by DiVito et al. (1, 5).
Injuries caused by falling soccer goalposts in Denmark
Authors: L Blønd, L B Hansen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

A falling soccer goalpost is associated with the potential risk of serious injury that can sometimes even be fatal. The aim of the study was to analyse the extent of the problem in Denmark and focus on the mechanism of injury and prevention.Data were analysed for the period 1989-1997 from the European Home and Leisure Accident Surveillance System, which is an electronic register of the injuries seen in the casualty departments of the hospitals of five selected cities in Denmark representing 14% of the Danish population; in addition, fatal accidents in the whole of Denmark since 1981 were examined. Forty two injured persons were interviewed about the circumstances of the accident. Attempts were made to estimate the proportion of goalposts secured by counterweight in the five different regions, compared with the proportion secured with ground stakes and those that were unsecured, by analysing data from the largest producers of goalposts in Denmark.In the period 1981-1988, two fatal accidents were recorded. In the period 1989-1997, 117 people were injured by a falling goalpost; six of the injuries required hospitalisation. Some 88% of the injured were under the age of 15. In a telephone interview with 42 of the injured, 50% stated that the goalpost fell because someone was hanging on the crossbar. Comparing the five different regions with respect to the proportion of goalposts secured by counterweight and the number of accidents, the following relation was found. Areas in which a high percentage of the goalposts were secured by a counterweight correlated inversely with a high number of accidents (r = -0.9; p = 0.04).Soccer is a widely played sport and it is important to be aware that accidents caused by falling goalposts can occur and that they presumably can be prevented by proper use of goalposts, by using secure goalposts, and by securing old goalposts with a counterweight.
Abstract B72: Upfront treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma with 131I-MIBG therapy and Topotecan. A phase II pilot window study (AMRO-NB-HR-2000/01)
Authors: Max M. van Noesel, Kathelijne CJM Kraal, Jan de Kraker, Berthe LF van Eck-Smit, Godelieve AM Tytgat, Huib N. Caron
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Patients with high-risk (HR) neuroblastoma (NBL) have a poor prognosis and new treatment strategies are needed. 131I- Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) therapy alone has a significant antitumor efficacy against NBL. Topotecan (TPT) is a radio-enhancer and can potentiate radiation-induced cytotoxicity and up-regulate the uptake of MIBG in vitro. We designed a clinical study with upfront 131I-MIBG therapy and Topotecan for HR-NBL. We evaluated short term clinical response rate and outcome. Clinical response was scored according to International Neuroblastoma response Criteria (INRC) and Curie score (MIBG) after 2 courses of MIBG/TPT and after induction chemotherapy and HD ASCT. Haematological toxicity and the effect on harvesting/ feasibility performing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was evaluated. Topoisomerase-1 activity (Topo-1) levels were measured. Methods: Multi-centre, prospective (window phase II) study performed between 2000-2003 in HR NBL patients treated with 2 cycles of upfront 131I-MIBG therapy followed by the addition of TPT 0.7 mg/m2 for 5 days after each course. Thereafter, patients received 4 courses of VECI chemotherapy, followed by surgery and HD ASCT. Results: Sixteen patients (10 male), median age 2, 8 yrs. NMYC amplified 8/14 (57%) and LOH1P in 7/15 (47%). Surgery performed in 12/16 (75%) patients. Clinical response after 2x MIBG/TPT 15/16 (94%, VGPR/ PR/ MR), 1 PD; after 4x VECI 11/16 (69%, CR/ VGPR/ PR/MR), 3 PD, 1 death and 1 unknown. More than 50% reduction in MIBG Curie score after 2x MIBG/ TPT and subsequent 4x VECI courses in most cases. Overall outcome 2/16 currently alive. Long term follow up was limited, possibly related to low intensity induction chemotherapy as used in this study. Harvesting of stem cells in 13/16 patients (79%), mean yield 2, 2 CD34 pos/ kg, 9/16 (56%) underwent HD ASCT. Haematological toxicity was limited, median platelet recovery after HD ASCT was 73 days. Topo-1 activity was measured in 10/16 tumors, increased compared to reference level. Conclusion: Upfront treatment of HR-NBL with MIBG/TPT is feasible and highly effective after 2 courses. The toxicity is limited (haematological). Stem cell harvesting and HD ASCT are manageable. Citation Format: Max M. van Noesel, Kathelijne CJM Kraal, Jan de Kraker, Berthe LF van Eck-Smit, Godelieve AM Tytgat, Huib N. Caron. Upfront treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma with 131I-MIBG therapy and Topotecan. A phase II pilot window study (AMRO-NB-HR-2000/01). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improved Outcomes; Nov 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;74(20 Suppl):Abstract nr B72.
The crucial role of macrophages in lymphangiogenesis
Authors: D. Kerjaschki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Lymphangiogenesis is associated with pathological processes such as the metastatic spread of carcinoma cells and organization of immunologically active lymphocytic infiltrates following organ transplantation. It has not yet been established whether expansion of the lymphatic vascular meshwork is driven by incorporation of progenitor cells or by local endothelial cell division. In this issue of the JCI, Maruyama et al. provide evidence that after mouse corneal transplant, CD11b+ macrophages infiltrate the corneal stroma and transdifferentiate into lymphatic endothelial cell clusters that join existing lymphatic vessels. In complementary in vitro experiments, murine peritoneal macrophages expressed lymphatic endothelial markers and formed vessel-like protrusions. These findings add yet another facet to the plasticity of macrophages, which are already known to transform from naive monocytes into VEGF-C–producing cells. Thus, macrophages support lymphangiogenesis in 2 different ways, either by transdifferentiating and directly incorporating into the endothelial layer or by stimulating division of preexistent local lymphatic endothelial cells.
Diabetes Mellitus and Cerebrovascular Disease: Prevalence of Carotid Artery Occlusive Disease and Associated Risk Factors in 482 Adult Diabetic Patients
Authors: Thomas W Kuebler, Phillip J Bendick, S Edwin Fineberg, Omkar N Markand, James A Norton, N Vinicor Frank, Charles M Clark
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

The prevalence of carotid artery occlusive disease (CAOD) in a population of adults with diabetes mellitus was determined, and factors associated with its presence were identified. By oculoplethysmography and phonoangiography, 20% of the population studied had detectable CAOD. Univariate analyses revealed that patients with CAOD had a higher prevalence of retinopathy proteinuria, a slower mean conduction velocity in two of three nerves tested, and more atherosclerosis in the leg arteries. Furthermore, increased age, higher cholesterol, lower fasting insulin, higher systolic blood pressure, and less adiposity were associated with the presence of CAOD. Sex, race, type of diabetes (type I or II), duration of diabetes, and measures of glycemia were not related to CAOD. When 10 variables were analyzed by multivariate methods, higher systolic blood pressure, higher cholesterol, and reduced adiposity were found to be the combination most significantly related to CAOD.