tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conserved Regional Patterns of GABA-Related Transcript Expression in the Neocortex of Subjects With Schizophrenia
Authors: Takanori Hashimoto, H. Holly Bazmi, Karoly Mirnics, Qiang Wu, Allan R. Sampson, David A. Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)

Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit disturbances in a number of cognitive, affective, sensory, and motor functions that depend on the circuitry of different cortical areas. The cognitive deficits associated with dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex result, at least in part, from abnormalities in GABA neurotransmission, as reflected in a specific pattern of altered expression of GABA-related genes. Consequently, the authors sought to determine whether this pattern of altered gene expression is restricted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or could also contribute to the dysfunction of other cortical areas in subjects with schizophrenia.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the levels of eight GABA-related transcripts in four cortical areas (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and primary motor and primary visual cortices) of subjects (N=12) with schizophrenia and matched normal comparison subjects.Expression levels of seven transcripts were lower in subjects with schizophrenia, with the magnitude of reduction for each transcript comparable across the four areas. The largest reductions were detected for mRNA encoding somatostatin and parvalbumin, followed by moderate decreases in mRNA expression for the 67-kilodalton isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase, the GABA membrane transporter GAT-1, and the alpha 1 and delta subunits of GABA(A) receptors. In contrast, the expression of calretinin mRNA did not differ between the subject groups in any of the four areas.Because the areas examined represent the major functional domains (e.g., association, limbic, motor, and sensory) of the cerebral cortex, our findings suggest that a conserved set of molecular alterations affecting GABA neurotransmission contribute to the pathophysiology of different clinical features of schizophrenia.
Severe Atrophy of Right Hepatic Lobe Simulating Right Hepatic Lobectomy
Authors: CHUNE-WOO YEH, ARNOLD STRASHUN, STANLEY J. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Absence of the right hepatic lobe following blunt abdominal trauma without surgical resection is reported. The usual site of the right hepatic lobe is demonstrated to be occupied by bowel by hepatobiliary imaging.
"Mr Rationing" is unafraid to speak out
Authors: J. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Stephen Thornton is the new chief executive of the NHS Confederation. An outspoken advocate for explicit priority setting in the NHS, he tells Jo Waters that there is a gap between rhetoric and reality which the confederation must help the government to close

Stephen Thornton is a man whose professional career was changed forever by the rationing row over “child B”. He may well have an impressive 18 year track record in NHS management, but as far as the public is concerned he will always be “Mr Rationing”–the man who would not sign the cheque to pay for controversial cancer treatment for Jamie Bowen.

As chief executive of Cambridge and Huntingdon Health Authority, the media demonised him as the bureaucrat denying hope to the family of a dying child. “I received hate mail and death threats. It was a very difficult time for my family … my wife had difficult interchanges with people, and I worried about how my children would cope at school,” said Mr Thornton.

“We didn't say ‘no’ because we were short of money but because the overwhelming clinical advice we got was that it would be ineffective and inappropriate. It's ironic that the one case that has been …
Comparison of Three Different Tools for Prediction of Seminal Vesicle Invasion at Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Giovanni Lughezzani, Kevin C. Zorn, Lars Budäus, Maxine Sun, David I. Lee, Arieh L. Shalhav, Gregory P. Zagaya, Sergey A. Shikanov, Ofer N. Gofrit, Alan E. Thong, David M. Albala, Leon Sun, Angel Cronin, Andrew J. Vickers, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Balancing Family and Career: Men Are in the Trenches, Too
Authors: William Holmes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 April 1997Balancing Family and Career: Men Are in the Trenches, TooWilliam Holmes, MDWilliam Holmes, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-8-199704150-00042 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although I found Dr. Carnes's recent suggestions on balancing family and career [1] to be helpful, I was disappointed to see that she excluded and misrepresented men in academic medicine. Although she clarified many of the dilemmas women face in balancing family and career, she neglected to emphasize that this balancing act is not strictly the concern of “a woman in her twenties and thirties.” The “average man in academic medicine” is, in fact, concerned about how to accomplish this balancing act, too-he isn't simply out seeking “a wife who will take care of everything on the ...References1. Carnes M. Balancing family and career: advice from the trenches. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:618-20. Google Scholar2. Brayfield A. Juggling jobs and kids: the impact of employment schedules on fathers' caring for children. Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1995; 57:321-32. Google Scholar3. Casper LM. Child care costs and arrangements: Fall 1993. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census; 1995. Report no. PPL-34. Google Scholar4. Warde C, Allen W, Gelberg L. Physician role conflict and resulting career changes. Gender and generational differences. J Gen Intern Med. 1996; 11:729-35. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1997Volume 126, Issue 8Page: 670KeywordsAcademic medicine Issue Published: 15 April 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Spa in Medical Practice
Authors: C. W. Buckley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

This little booklet embodies the work of a committee of the British Medical Association under the chairmanship of Lord Horder, which being composed of Consultants, Spa practitioners, General practitioners, and observers from the Ministry of Health, was well equipped to investigate the subject impartially and to furnish a report which should prove useful to practitioners, free from advertisement while giving all necessary information.
MitraClip therapy in daily clinical practice: initial results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry
Authors: Stephan Baldus, Wolfgang Schillinger, Olaf Franzen, Raffi Bekeredjian, Horst Sievert, Joachim Schofer, Karl‐Heinz Kuck, Thomas Konorza, Helge Möllmann, Christoph Hehrlein, Taoufik Ouarrak, Jochen Senges, Thomas Meinertz
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
STUDIES ON MALARIAL PARASITES
Authors: Christian B. Anfinsen, Quentin M. Geiman, Ralph W. McKee, Richard A. Ormsbee, Eric G. Ball
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1946)

1. Methods have been described for the preparation and sterilization of a synthetic nutrient medium which supports normal growth during one 24 hour asexual cycle of the erythrocytic form of P. knowlesi. 2. Successive subcultures with good multiplication can be carried out when whole blood or plasma is added to the medium. Data are presented from two such experiments where the sixth and seventh generations, respectively, were injected into normal monkeys. In both cases, the injections produced clinical malaria and in one, an abnormally severe course was observed. 3. A high percentage (95 per cent) of O(2) inhibits multiplication in in vitro cultures. A gas phase approximating alveolar air permits normal development. A lower percentage (0.37 per cent) of O(2) in the gas phase supports growth at least as well. 4. Certain experiments indicate that in vitro growth is better supported in normal monkey plasma than in plasma from parasitized monkeys. Heating of parasitized plasma to 56 degrees C. for 30 minutes removed the deleterious effect. 5. A nutritional need by the parasite for glucose and p-aminobenzoic acid has been shown. Attempts to demonstrate the need for other individual components of the nutrient medium have not been successful though the effect of the absence of blocks of nutrient such as purines and pyrimidines, amino acids, or water-soluble vitamins can be observed. 6. Further assay of the nutritional requirements of the parasite appears to be hampered by the supply of nutrient furnished by the red cells and plasma. Cultivation of parasitized cells washed free of plasma and resuspended in synthetic medium containing 1 per cent serum albumin has been accomplished as one step directed toward the removal of such interfering factors.
Spinal Delivery of p38: TNF-alpha Inhibitors
Authors: Edward Tobinick
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

The new study by Boyle and colleagues provides important data on basic science mechanisms involved in pain and inflammation [1]. Their data, along with that from previous studies, provides further basic scientific evidence documenting p38–TNF-alpha interactions, and suggests that spinal p38 or spinal TNF-alpha blockade may have clinical relevance [1,2]. The present study documents that p38 activation may be occurring predominantly in microglia. The present study, therefore, joins other recent work which suggests the importance of p38-glial-TNF-alpha interactions in neuroinflammation and synaptic signaling [3–6]. This increasing evidence may have clinical relevance not only to arthritis pain, but also to the pathogenesis of various forms of neuropathic pain and Alzheimer disease [1–8].

Because the present study suggests that spinal delivery may be more effective than systemic delivery when attempting to intervene in spinally-mediated inflammatory mechanisms, the authors note the potential importance of developing compounds that may bypass the blood-brain barrier. The present author speculates that the rapid and significant clinical effects noted following perispinal administration of etanercept in small pilot studies suggest that perispinal administration of p38 inhibitors may also allow these compounds to reach the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia in therapeutically effective amounts [7,8]. It is hypothesized that this may be possible via passage through the vertebral portion of the cerebrospinal venous system, and this may explain the efficacy of perispinal etanercept in the above cited studies [7–9]. Previous studies have documented that epidural administration of large molecules may result in delivery to the endoneurial space [10]. This evidence, along with the basic scientific evidence provided by the present study of the potential clinical importance of spinal delivery, supports consideration of investigation of this novel route of administration.
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea, Vomiting, and Fatigue – the Role of Individual Differences Related to Sensory Perception and Autonomic Reactivity
Authors: R. Zachariae, K. Paulsen, M. Mehlsen, A.B. Jensen, A. Johansson, H. von der Maase
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; In spite of antiemetics, postchemotherapy side effects continue to be common and may affect compliance to cancer treatment. Among the known factors associated with increased symptom severity are: younger age, treatment toxicity, expected severity, and distress, but little is still known about the role of other factors. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of individual differences related to sensory perception for posttreatment side effects. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Hundred and twenty-five women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer completed measures of absorption, autonomic perception, somatosensory amplification, trait anxiety, and expected severity at baseline. Pretreatment distress and posttreatment nausea, vomiting, and fatigue were assessed at the 1st, 4th, 6th and last cycles of chemotherapy. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; While univariate analyses showed several factors to be associated with side effects, only absorption and pretreatment distress remained independent predictors of nausea and fatigue when controlling for the remaining factors. Posttreatment vomiting was only predicted by expected severity of vomiting. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Chemotherapy-induced side effects are related to increased autonomic nervous system activity, and absorption has been associated with increased autonomic nervous system reactivity to stress. The results suggest that individuals with high absorption may be at greater risk for developing side effects. Improved precision in identifying patients at risk of experiencing more severe side effects after cancer treatment will increase the ability to target treatments aimed at reducing these side effects.
Paying for bmj.com: BMJ is the property of the world
Authors: R. Gonzalez
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—When I read the BMJ in Mexico I have access to scientific literature of high quality that is fundamental for my clinical and teaching work. Thus when I read that in January 2004 the BMJ will be accessible only on payment, I feel that I am losing one of my most important sources of knowledge.1​1



Figure 1



Many doctors in the developing world do not have access to the electronic versions of medical journals (JAMA, the Lancet, the New England Journal of Medicine, Bone, Diabetes Care, etc). Now with this decision of the BMJ Publishing Group the BMJ is lost to us, and I think this is not just.

I would like to read in your pages that the BMJ “is one of the high quality journals that proudly continues the tradition of the free dissemination of science.”
Infertility experts offer new hope to women having cancer treatment
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Women of reproductive age who face cancer treatment with chemotherapy and radiation may be able to prevent premature menopause and preserve fertility by having their ovaries removed before treatment and ovarian tissue reimplanted later (JAMA 2001;286:1490-3).

Infertility experts in the United States have restored ovarian endocrine function to two women who faced premature menopause secondary to cancer treatment and surgery. The team was led by Dr Kutluk Oktay, a reproductive endocrinologist from the Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility at the Weill College of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, in New …
Paracrine modulation of heart cell function by endothelial cells
Authors: A. M. Shah
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

An accumulating body of experimental data supports the presence of a paracrine pathway for the modulation of myocardial function by cardiac endothelial cells. Cardioactive substances released by endothelial cells include nitric oxide, endothelin-1, prostanoids, adenylpurines, natriuretic peptides, and other agents that have so far only been characterised in bioassay studies. Endothelial cells also possess enzymatic activities, in particular ACE/kininase activity, which can alter local levels of angiotensin II and bradykinin. Many of the "endothelial" mediators can be produced by cardiac myocytes themselves, often under pathological conditions, suggesting a potential parallel autocrine pathway. Complex reciprocal relationships exist between individual mediators, which affect both their release and actions. Most studies to date have focused on the acute influence of these agents on contractile function; the longer-term modulation both of cardiac structure and function could be equally important. A notable feature of the action of several of the endothelial mediators is that they modify myocardial contractile behaviour predominantly through changes in myofilament properties rather than by altering cytosolic Ca2+ transients. This mode of action often results in a disproportionate effect on myocardial relaxation and diastolic tone. The opposing contractile effects and differing time-scales of action of agents such as nitric oxide and endothelin-1 are reminiscent of the interplay between these factors in the regulation of blood vessel tone. The endothelial paracrine pathway is likely to act in concert and to interact with other cardiovascular regulatory pathways, e.g., the Frank-Starling mechanism, neurohumoral influences, the effects of heart rate, coronary perfusion and load. A better understanding of its physiological and pathophysiological roles may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Medical/Surgical Management
Authors: M. Doherty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Results from a workshop conference held in Wiesbaden in May 1991 are published here.The 47 reviews provide a comprehensive update of the biochemistry, physiology, and morphology of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage, and also touch on selected aspects of bone biochemistry, animal models, experimental pharmacology, and clinical areas relating to osteoarthritis.Edited discussion occurs after each review and the final section comprises one to two page abstracts of more focused work presented at the meeting.The editors and Raven Press are to be congratulated on producing this volume, with over 200 contributing authors, so soon after the meeting.Leading centres in osteoarthritis research from many countries are represented, and despite inevitable variability the standard of most of these well referenced reviews is high.Despite its 800 page thickness, the quality of production and the liberal interspersing with illustrations, tables, and prints make this a visually pleasing book.For those interested, or wishing to become interested, in basic science relating to osteoarthritis this up to date compilation is not only stimulating but also good value.
Current Status of Lymphography
Authors: Manuel Viamonte
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Characteristic findings in Hodgkin's disease are the lacunar patterns (micro lacunary and macrolacunary defects) that are seen as punched out, rounded, small, or large filling defects in the nodes.51-53Minimal distortion of nodal architecture and normal or minimally disturbed contour of the nodes are frequent findings. Pelvic and para-aortic node involvement by Hodgkin's disease may occur histologically, despite the normality of the adenographic pattern by lymphography. In some types of Hodgkin's disease with diffuse fibrosis, the lymph node architecture may not be recognized because of total replacement of the lymph nodes by disease. Nonspecific enlargement of otherwise normallooking lymph nodes, and coarse reticular pattern may be observed occasionally. Increased numbers of nodes are seen often in infants and children.  There are no adenographic patterns pathognomonic of Hodgkin's disease.53Total replacement of nodal architecture can be seen with diffuse metastatic disease following retroperitoneal adenectomy, and in patients with retroperitoneal
Preventing Growth of Brain Tumors by Creating a Zone of Resistance
Authors: Casey A Maguire, Dimphna H Meijer, Stanley G LeRoy, Laryssa A Tierney, Marike LD Broekman, Fabricio F Costa, Xandra O Breakefield, Anat Stemmer-Rachamimov, Miguel Sena-Esteves
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)
TCT-539 Differences in Patients' Selection and Outcomes of SilverHawk Atherectomy versus Laser Atherectomy in Treating In-Stent Restenosis of the Femoropopliteal Arteries: A Retrospective Analysis from a Single Center
Authors: Nicolas W. Shammas, Gail A. shammas, Michael Jerin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Microenvironment-dependent cues trigger miRNA-regulated feedback loop to facilitate the EMT/MET switch
Authors: Julienne L. Carstens, Sara Lovisa, Raghu Kalluri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

The metastatic spread of tumor epithelial cells accounts for over 90% of cancer-specific mortality; however, the molecular mechanisms that govern tumor spread and distant recolonization remain unclear. In this issue of JCI, Rokavec and colleagues shine light on this murky aspect of tumor biology by focusing through the lens of microenvironmental contributions, namely inflammation, as driving signals that set off a delicate, intracellular feedback loop among cytokine receptors, transcription factors and miRNAs. This study provides in vivo evidence and identifies molecular players behind the elusive switch that drives the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition.
VAMP4 directs synaptic vesicles to a pool that selectively maintains asynchronous neurotransmission
Authors: Jesica Raingo, Mikhail Khvotchev, Pei Liu, Frederic Darios, Ying C Li, Denise M O Ramirez, Megumi Adachi, Philippe Lemieux, Katalin Toth, Bazbek Davletov, Ege T Kavalali
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
The effects of an anti-CD11a mAb, efalizumab, on allergen-induced airway responses and airway inflammation in subjects with atopic asthma
Authors: Gail M. Gauvreau, Allan B. Becker, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Jamila Chakir, Robert B. Fick, William L. Greene, Kieran J. Killian, Paul M. O'Byrne, John K. Reid, Donald W. Cockcroft
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Findings of Cerebral Metastasis Demonstrated on Tc-99m TRODAT-1 SPECT
Authors: Yu-Chin Wu, Te-Chun Hsieh, Shung-Shung Sun, Kuo-Yang Yen, Chih-Hsiu Wang, Yu-Yi Lin, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 71-year-old man, with a history of movement disorder presented with tremor, unstable gait, and bradykinesia for 2 years. He was referred for Tc-99m TRODAT-1 single photon emission computed tomography (Tc-99m TRODAT-1 SPECT) to detect dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system. The 3-slice composite image of the highest TRODAT-1 basal ganglia activity demonstrated markedly asymmetric tracer uptake in the bilateral striata and an unexpected oval-like uptake in the right occipital lobe. After detailed survey, it was confirmed as cerebral metastasis from colon cancer. This reminds us to pay more attention to other coincidental findings on routine examinations.
Two patients with pancreatic apudomas secreting neurotensin and VIP.
Authors: S R Bloom, Y C Lee, J M Lacroute, A Abbass, D Sondag, R Baumann, J P Weill
Journal: Gut (1983)

Two patients have been studied with a two and a half and nine year history of metastatic pancreatic apudoma. In both patients the main feature was chronic watery diarrhoea with remissions after partial tumour resection and streptozotocin therapy. Plasma levels of circulating VIP and neurotensin were persistently raised in both patients. Chromatographic analysis of the plasma showed that a significant proportion of the raised immunoreactivity of both peptides eluted in an identical position to pure VIP and neurotensin. The extremely high concentrations of neurotensin did not appear to result in any feature which would allow distinction from the classical VIPoma syndrome.