tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stem cell transplantation post invasive fungal infection is a feasible task
Authors: Irit Avivi, Ilana Oren, Nuhad Haddad, Jacob M. Rowe, Eldad J. Dann
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Between March 1997 and January 2002, 18 consecutive patients (18-47 years) with hematological malignancies and previous proven invasive fungal infection underwent stem cell transplantation (SCT) (10 matched sibling allograft, 6 autograft, and 2 haploidentical). All patients had full myeloablative conditioning. The fungal pathogens diagnosed were Aspergillus (14), Fusarium (2), Mucor (1), Exserohilum (1), and Candida (1), involving the lungs (15), sinuses (5), and liver (1). All patients were treated pre- and during transplant with systemic antifungal therapy. Eleven out of 18 (61%) patients survived the transplant. Only 1 of 5 patients who transplanted with an active fungal infection accompanied with active leukemia survived the transplant, compared with 10/13 (84%) survivals in patients who had no clinical and radiological signs of infection or active leukemia (P < 0.025). None of the autografted patients has died, compared with 7/12 allografted patients, of whom 5 underwent transplant with active hematological/active fungal disease. In only 3 patients was the cause of death reactivation of previous fungal infection. Both active fungal infection and active leukemia place patients at a very high risk for procedure-related mortality. Pre-transplant therapy of fungal infection, aiming to achieve a clinically undetectable state of infection, followed by an antifungal treatment during transplant may allow the SCT with no fungal reactivation in selected patients.
Hemorrhoids: The Injection Treatment and Pruritus Ani.
Authors: Lawrence Goldbacher, Leon Banov
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

The author uses comparatively large amounts of 5 per cent phenolized oil for the treatment of internal hemorrhoids and also for pruritus ani. External hemorrhoids are excluded from this form of treatment. A clear description of the technic, instruments and solution is given, followed by a number of illustrative case reports. Quotations from other authors, proctologic opinions, rather deduct from than add to the uniformity of presentation. Mention is not made of possible harm to the kidneys and general toxic symptoms after the use of such large doses of phenol.
Doctor who failed to spot Baby P's injuries is suicidal, GMC hears
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The consultant paediatrician who failed to spot that the abused toddler Baby P had serious injuries when she examined him two days before his death is suicidal and has fled the United Kingdom, a General Medical Council panel that was due to start hearing a disciplinary case against her on Monday was told.

Rebecca Poulet QC, counsel for the GMC, told the fitness to practise panel that Sabah Al-Zayyat had been …
Study of ion transport across biopsies of ileostomy in vitro: search for evidence of intestinal 'adaptation' after colectomy.
Authors: P C Hawker, A I Morris, J McKay, L A Turnberg
Journal: Gut (1980)

To explore the possibility that small intestinal 9adaptation9 may occur after colectomy we examined the ability of ileal mucosal biopsies, taken from patients with ileostomies, to transport electrolytes in vitro. Ileostomy mucosal electrical potential difference was higher (5.4+/-0.5 mV) than in normal mucosa (3.3+/-0.3, P less than 0.001), resistance was higher (98+/-12, against 40.3+/-2.8 omega cm-2), while short circuit current was lower (54.8+/-6.0; against 89.9+/-6.1 muA.cm-2). Net sodium absorption, 1.25+/-0.41 mumol.cm-2.h-1 (n=6), rose on addition of glucose (15 mM.1-1) to 11.57+/-0.8 mumol.cm-2.h-1 (n=4), and these were similar to results from normal ileum. Net chloride transport was also similar to noraml. In one subject, with intermittent ileostomy diarrhoea, net sodium absorption was normal, 2.14 mumol.cm-2.h-1, but there was marked active chloride secretion, 14.03 mumol.cm-2.h-1. These studies do not provide any evidence of enhanced electrolyte absorption across ileal mucosa as a response to colectomy. Some cases of ileostomy diarrhoea may be due to active chloride secretion.
F-18 FDG PHANTOM STUDY TO EVALUATE MOLECULAR COINCIDENCE DETECTION (MCD) SYSTEM RESOLUTION AND SENSITIVITY
Authors: S. Atay, J. Luo, H. M. Abdel-Dayem, M. Kumar, B. Degirmenci, H. El-Zeftawy, S. Naddaf
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Atay, S.; Luo, J.; Abdel-Dayem, H. M.; Kumar, M.; Degirmenci, B.; El-Zeftawy, H.; Naddaf, S. Author Information
Spironolactone. An aldosterone agonist in the stimulation of H+ secretion by turtle urinary bladder.
Authors: A Mueller, P R Steinmetz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

In the isolated turtle bladder, spironolactone inhibits sodium transport in the presence of aldosterone or endogenous mineralocorticoid hormone. In contrast to this antagonism for the stimulation of sodium transport by aldosterone, the stimulation of hydrogen ion secretion by aldosterone is not inhibited by spironolactone. In hormone-depleted bladders, spironolactone stimulates hydrogen ion secretion. The extent of stimulation is similar to that of aldosterone. Spironolactone functions as an agonist for aldosterone for the stimulation of urinary acidification.
'Just Once in a Lifetime... '
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Only once in this country's lifetime has the private sector gathered together representatives of education, research, medical practice, government, business, labor, minorities, the aged, and many other groups to propose a comprehensive policy for the health of the American people. That time is now. 1 The 195 recommendations of the  Policy Agenda for the American People, published in this issue, 2 represent the culmination of an immensely complicated process set in motion many years ago. This final summary follows the prior publication of 159 principles 3 and 41 health care issues. 4   The Health Policy Agenda is the product of several hundred meetings of over 400 people who represent 172 organizations staffed by more than two dozen persons meeting over five years. We applaud the leadership of Joseph Boyle, MD, who has steadfastly shepherded the entire undertaking, and Kathleen Lane, PhD, and Severine Brocki, PhD, who successively and brilliantly
A novel carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome characterized by a deficiency in glucosylation of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide.
Authors: P Burda, L Borsig, J de Rijk-van Andel, R Wevers, J Jaeken, H Carchon, E G Berger, M Aebi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndromes (CDGS) type I are a group of genetic diseases characterized by a deficiency of N-linked protein glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. The majority of these CDGS patients have phosphomannomutase (PMM) deficiency (type A). This enzyme is required for the synthesis of GDP-mannose, one of the substrates in the biosynthesis of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide Glc3Man9GlcNAc2. This oligosaccharide serves as the donor substrate in the N-linked glycosylation process. We report on the biochemical characterization of a novel CDGS type I in fibroblasts of four related patients with normal PMM activity but a strongly reduced ability to synthesize glucosylated dolichol-linked oligosaccharide leading to accumulation of dolichol-linked Man9GlcNAc2. This deficiency in the synthesis of dolichol-linked Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 oligosaccharide explains the hypoglycosylation of serum proteins in these patients, because nonglucosylated oligosaccharides are suboptimal substrates in the protein glycosylation process, catalyzed by the oligosaccharyltransferase complex. Accordingly, the efficiency of N-linked protein glycosylation was found to be reduced in fibroblasts from these patients.
Chronic Obstructive Pyelonephritis
Authors: Sergio Prieto-González, Montserrat Alemany
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 65-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of low-grade fever, asthenia, anorexia, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed a large, soft mass protruding from her right flank; CT of the abdomen revealed a large, obstructing calculus in the right kidney.
Systemic Prophylactic Antibiotics in Surgical Patients
Authors: Alfred S. Ketcham
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The use of antibiotics on a preventive basis in surgical patients remains controversial and is presently being subjected to the closest scrutiny. Among the dangers of such use, critics cite adverse bacterial floral changes and the toxicity of the drugs themselves.<sup>1</sup>These critics rarely find evidence supporting the value of prophylactic use. Such information exists, however, in many excellent studies that should be evaluated before either the individual practitioner or a governmental agency can make a decision regarding the appropriate limitations on the prophylactic use of antibiotics. Experimental studies in the laboratory have defined certain principles that can maximize the antimicrobial effect of antibiotics used perioperatively. It has been demonstrated that maximal suppression of infection can be achieved when the antibiotic is given in a large dose preoperatively and intraoperatively.<sup>2</sup>No effect was seen, however, when the antibiotic was given several hours after the intraoperative bacterial inoculations. The
Managing alcohol problems in general practice.
Authors: P Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A questionnaire on the management of alcohol problems was sent to 467 general practitioners. Of the 312 who replied, nine tenths thought that they had a legitimate role in working with patients with drinking problems, but less than a half thought that they were adequately equipped to perform this role. Only two fifths felt motivated to work with drinkers, less than a third were satisfied with the way in which they worked with drinkers, and fewer than one in 10 obtained work satisfaction from working with drinkers. Only 29% of doctors regularly gave advice to patients to reduce alcohol consumption, but 56% believed that their advice was effective. Doctors who had positive attitudes to working with drinkers undertook more work related to alcohol problems in their practice. There is a need to provide further education for general practitioners about alcohol related matters, and this education should include advice on intervention with heavy drinkers.
Neonatal leukocyte cAMP‐phosphodiesterase determination is not suitable for allergy prediction
Authors: H. Odelram, B. Björksten, S. C. Chan, J. M. Hanifin, N.‐I.M. Kjellman
Journal: Allergy (1994)

The atopy‐predictive value of cord blood (CB) cyclic adenosine monophosphate‐phosphodiesterase (cAMP‐PDE) in mononuclear leukocytes (MN) was studied prospectively in 57 neonates. Reliable determination of cAMP‐PDE was achieved in only 20 CB samples. The levels tended to be higher in infants developing signs of atopy up to 18 months of age. The combination of CB cAMP‐PDE and family history (FH) of allergy showed a higher predictive value (P = 0.040) than each of them separately ( P = 0.370 and P = 0.102, respectively). The cAMP‐PDE levels in CB also correlated to FH of allergy/atopy in accordance with earlier studies (P = 0.027). In conclusion, determination of cAMP‐PDE in neonates may have some predictive value, but it is not suitable for general screening.
Prevention of Streptococcal Pharyngitis among Military Personnel and Their Civilian Dependents by Mass Prophylaxis
Authors: William F. Schneider, Stephen Chapman, Victor B. Schulz, Richard M. Krause, Rebecca C. Lancefield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

MANY studies have described the incidence of streptococcal pharyngitis in military personnel,1 , 2 and more recently attention has been focused on the occurrence of this disease in nonmilitary populations.3 4 5 6 The criticism directed at the studies on military recruits suggests that epidemic pharyngitis in this population is not comparable to the typical milder endemic disease occurring in civilian populations. Siegel and his associates3 suggested that the prominent exudative tonsillitis reported during epidemics among military recruits is not a constant feature of endemic streptococcal pharyngitis observed in children. Among military recruits the well documented studies of Rammelkamp1 indicate that rheumatic fever occurs in . . .
STIMULATION AND IMMUNITY IN RADIOTHERAPY
Authors: ARTHUR U. DESJARDINS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Talleyrand, that clever wizard among statesmen, once said that speech was given to man to conceal his thoughts. He might well have added that mind was given to man to deceive himself, because most of us deceive ourselves about something or other almost every day of our life. How we dote on misconceptions! As examples of misconceptions that have obtained rather wide currency among many members of the medical profession I propose to take two common notions in the field of radiology and show the small measure of basis underlying each of them. <h3>STIMULATION</h3> According to the Century Dictionary and Encyclopedia, the word "stimulation" means "urging, encouragement, incitement; increased or quickened action or activity"; but the word is currently employed by physiologists to express the somewhat different idea of an action producing a reaction. In physiology this concerns generally the action of some chemical or physical agent on another similar
Cystic fibrosis 3849+10kb C &gt; T mutation associated with severe pulmonary disease and male fertility.
Authors: D H Dreyfus, R Bethel, E W Gelfand
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

A 40-yr-old Hispanic man presented to NJCIRM with end-stage lung disease. Evaluation of this patient 10 yr earlier noted bronchiectasis, normal sweat electrolytes, pancreatic sufficiency, delayed progression of pulmonary disease, and a sperm biopsy consistent with fertility. At the time of admission bronchiectasis was extensive. DNA testing demonstrated homozygosity for the 3849+10kb C > T cystic fibrosis (CF) allele. This is the first description of homozygous expression of this allele in a male patient. Confirmation of fertility was established by demonstrating that his children were carriers of this allele. This patient emphasizes the importance of DNA testing for atypical CF alleles in patients with bronchiectasis of undetermined cause even in the presence of fertility, normal pancreatic function, and normal sweat electrolytes.
528 Increased IL-10 concentrations in serum from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma influence number and phenotype of circulating dendritic cells
Authors: S. Beckebaum, V.R. Cicinnati, X. Zhang, K. Koop, X. Chen, Z. Yu, A. Smigielski, A. Frilling, C.E. Broelsch, G. Gerken
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
General practitioners and cancer
Authors: N. Summerton
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Primary care has not traditionally been seen as central in the planning and provision of oncology services. This partially reflects the infrequency with which cancer is diagnosed by individual general practitioners and the dissociation between general practitioners and large parts of the care of patients with cancer. Nevertheless, as doctors concerned with the comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care of individuals, families, and, increasingly, populations, general practitioners do have an important role in cancer, and the British government's desire to improve cancer outcomes relies heavily on general practitioners playing their part.

The early detection of cancer by either screening or the prompt recognition of potentially important symptoms is already the province of primary care. General practitioners occupy a critical position in ensuring the effectiveness of national cancer screening programmes as well as providing effective and cost effective advice on specific primary prevention strategies.1 In the United Kingdom's breast and cervical cancer screening programmes primary health care team members have both developed and been …
Myocardial CXCR4 Expression Is Required for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mediated Repair Following Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Feng Dong, James Harvey, Amanda Finan, Kristal Weber, Udit Agarwal, Marc S. Penn
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Overexpression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 in injured tissue leads to improved end-organ function. In this study, we quantify the local trophic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) stromal cell-derived factor-1 release on the effects of MSC engraftment in the myocardium after acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— Conditional cardiac myocyte CXCR4 (CM-CXCR4) null mice were generated by use of tamoxifen-inducible cardiac-specific cre by crossing CXCR4 floxed with MCM-cre mouse. Studies were performed in littermates with (CM-CXCR4 null) or without (control) tamoxifen injection 3 weeks before acute myocardial infarction. One day after acute myocardial infarction, mice received 100 000 MSC or saline via tail vein. We show α-myosin heavy chain MerCreMer and the MLC-2v promoters are active in cardiac progenitor cells. MSC engraftment in wild-type mice decreased terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling positive CM (−44%, P &lt;0.01), increased cardiac progenitor cell recruitment (100.9%, P &lt;0.01), and increased cardiac myosin-positive area (39%, P &lt;0.05) at 4, 7, and 21 days after acute myocardial infarction, respectively. MSC in wild-type mice resulted in 107.4% ( P &lt;0.05) increase in ejection fraction in comparison with 25.9% ( P =NS) increase in CM-CXCR4 null mice. These differences occurred despite equivalent increases (16%) in vascular density in response to MSC infusion in wild-type and CM-CXCR4 null mice. Conclusions— These data demonstrate that the local trophic effects of MSC require cardiac progenitor cell and CM-CXCR4 expression and are mediated by MSC stromal cell-derived factor-1 secretion. Our results further demonstrate and quantify for the first time a specific paracrine mechanism of MSC engraftment. In the absence of CM-CXCR4 expression, there is a significant loss of functional benefit in MSC-mediated repair despite equal increases in vascular density.
EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas Treated First-Line with the Novel EGFR Inhibitor, XL647, Can Subsequently Retain Moderate Sensitivity to Erlotinib
Authors: Juliann Chmielecki, M. Catherine Pietanza, Dana Aftab, Ronglai Shen, Zhiguo Zhao, Xi Chen, Katherine Hutchinson, Agnes Viale, Mark G. Kris, Thomas Stout, Vincent Miller, Naiyer Rizvi, William Pao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Effects of intravascular volume state on the value of pulsus paradoxus and right ventricular diastolic collapse in predicting cardiac tamponade.
Authors: T L Cogswell, G A Bernath, L S Wann, R G Hoffman, H L Brooks, H S Klopfenstein
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Both pulsus paradoxus and right ventricular diastolic collapse detected by two-dimensional echocardiography are noninvasive markers of impaired cardiac function in cardiac tamponade, yet the reliability of each may vary with the patient's state of hydration. To examine the relative value of these noninvasive markers at various states of hydration, we studied five chronically prepared, conscious mongrel dogs during 37 episodes of cardiac tamponade at three different intravascular volumes. We continuously measured cardiac output (electromagnetic flowmeter), aortic blood pressure, right atrial blood pressure, intrapericardial pressure, and respirations. Intravascular volume was varied by adjusting the mean right atrial blood pressure to hypovolemic (-2 to -6 mm Hg), euvolemic (0 to 4 mm Hg), or hypervolemic (6 to 10 mm Hg) levels. The sensitivity and specificity of right ventricular diastolic collapse in predicting increases in intrapericardial pressure remained high at all levels of hydration. Pulsus paradoxus showed good sensitivity and specificity at low intravascular volumes, but both sensitivity and specificity declined at higher intravascular volumes. Thus right ventricular diastolic collapse was more sensitive and more specific than pulsus paradoxus in detecting increases in intrapericardial pressure during euvolemia and hypervolemia whereas the two tests were equally valuable in hypovolemic states.
Predator and Prey
Authors: William A. Agger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

On Being a Doctor15 September 1993Predator and PreyWilliam A. Agger, MDWilliam A. Agger, MDGundersen Clinic, La Crosse, WI 54601.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A rough-legged hawk hangs like a kite on the wind. I watch as he, a more efficient predator than I, hovers effortlessly above broken cornstalks. Rising up and dropping down again, now for a moment he hangs stationary, intent on the ground 20 feet below. Time stops. Abruptly he buckles, for nothing that intense can be still for long. And he is not rising again, so I know that time has stopped for the white-footed deer mouse in his talons. This buteo has come down from the prairies of Canada to feast on my coulee corn-fed mice. It seems to ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Gundersen Clinic, La Crosse, WI 54601.Corresponding Author: William A. Agger, MD, Gundersen Clinic, 1836 South Avenue, La Crosse, WI 54601. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 526KeywordsDrugsEmotionsInfectious diseasesPneumococcusRetrovirusesRiversSafetySweatVisionYoung adults Issue Published: 15 September 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
MRI Findings and Cerebral Palsy—Reply
Authors: Martin Bax, Olof Flodmark, Clare Tydeman
Journal: JAMA (2007)

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