tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Implications of the New Atrial Fibrillation Guideline
Authors: Margaret C. Fang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A LIPOGENIC TOXIN RELEASED THROUGH THE INTERACTION OF A NEW CYTOPATHIC AGENT (LIPOVIRUS) AND CULTURED HUMAN CELLS
Authors: R. Shihman Chang, Robert P. Geyer, Stephen B. Andrus
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The release of a toxic product from cultured human cells infected by a new cytopathic agent (the lipovirus) was described. This toxin was dissociable from the infectious particles. It induced sudanophilia of human and mouse cells, an increase in the total fatty acid content, and a change in the major constituent fatty acids. Similar toxin was not demonstrated in cultures infected by the vaccinia herpes simplex, adeno 3, polyoma, polio 1 and 2, Coxsackie B1, parainfluenza A, and Rous sarcoma viruses. Preliminary characterization indicated that this toxin was resistant to tryptic digestion and could not be dialyzed or neutralized by human gamma globulin. It was inactivated at 58 degrees C for 30 minutes, but stable at 37 degrees , 4 degrees , and -60 degrees C. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Cytogenetic Instability in Ovarian Epithelial Cells from Women at Risk of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Tanja Pejovic, Jane E. Yates, Hong Y. Liu, Laura E. Hays, Yassmine Akkari, Yumi Torimaru, Winifred Keeble, R. Keaney Rathbun, William H. Rodgers, Allen E. Bale, Najim Ameziane, C. Michael Zwaan, Abdellatif Errami, Philippe Thuillier, Fabio Cappuccini, Susan B. Olson, Joanna M. Cain, Grover C. Bagby
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Fanconi anemia is an inherited cancer predisposition disease characterized by cytogenetic and cellular hypersensitivity to cross-linking agents. Seeking evidence of Fanconi anemia protein dysfunction in women at risk of ovarian cancer, we screened ovarian surface epithelial cells from 25 primary cultures established from 22 patients using cross-linker hypersensitivity assays. Samples were obtained from (a) women at high risk for ovarian cancer with histologically normal ovaries, (b) ovarian cancer patients, and (c) a control group with no family history of breast or ovarian cancer. In chromosomal breakage assays, all control cells were mitomycin C (MMC) resistant, but eight samples (five of the six high-risk and three of the eight ovarian cancer) were hypersensitive. Lymphocytes from all eight patients were MMC resistant. Only one of the eight patients had a BRCA1 germ-line mutation and none had BRCA2 mutations, but FANCD2 was reduced in five of the eight. Ectopic expression of normal FANCD2 cDNA increased FANCD2 protein and induced MMC resistance in both hypersensitive lines tested. No FANCD2 coding region or promoter mutations were found, and there was no genomic loss or promoter methylation in any Fanconi anemia genes. Therefore, in high-risk women with no BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, tissue-restricted hypersensitivity to cross-linking agents is a frequent finding, and chromosomal breakage responses to MMC may be a sensitive screening strategy because cytogenetic instability identified in this way antedates the onset of carcinoma. Inherited mutations that result in tissue-specific FANCD2 gene suppression may represent a cause of familial ovarian cancer.
Loss of Estrogen-Regulated microRNA Expression Increases HER2 Signaling and Is Prognostic of Poor Outcome in Luminal Breast Cancer
Authors: Shannon T. Bailey, Thomas Westerling, Myles Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Among the genes regulated by estrogen receptor (ER) are miRNAs that play a role in breast cancer signaling pathways. To determine whether miRNAs are involved in ER-positive breast cancer progression to hormone independence, we profiled the expression of 800 miRNAs in the estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cell line MCF7 and its estrogen-independent derivative MCF7:2A (MCF7:2A) using NanoString. We found 78 miRNAs differentially expressed between the two cell lines, including a cluster comprising let-7c, miR99a, and miR125b, which is encoded in an intron of the long noncoding RNA LINC00478. These miRNAs are ER targets in MCF7 cells, and nearby ER binding and their expression are significantly decreased in MCF7:2A cells. The expression of these miRNAs was interrogated in patient samples profiled in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Among luminal tumors, these miRNAs are expressed at higher levels in luminal A versus B tumors. Although their expression is uniformly low in luminal B tumors, they are lost only in a subset of luminal A patients. Interestingly, this subset with low expression of these miRNAs had worse overall survival compared with luminal A patients with high expression. We confirmed that miR125b directly targets HER2 and that let-7c also regulates HER2 protein expression. In addition, HER2 protein expression and activity are negatively correlated with let-7c expression in TCGA. In summary, we identified an ER-regulated miRNA cluster that regulates HER2, is lost with progression to estrogen independence, and may serve as a biomarker of poor outcome in ER+ luminal A breast cancer patients. Cancer Res; 75(2); 436–45. ©2014 AACR.
Phase I Trial of 17-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: David B. Solit, S. Percy Ivy, Catherine Kopil, Rachel Sikorski, Michael J. Morris, Susan F. Slovin, W. Kevin Kelly, Anthony DeLaCruz, Tracy Curley, Glenn Heller, Steven Larson, Lawrence Schwartz, Merrill J. Egorin, Neal Rosen, Howard I. Scher
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: To define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), toxicities, and pharmacokinetics of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) when administered using continuous and intermittent dosing schedules. Experimental Design: Patients with progressive solid tumor malignancies were treated with 17-AAG using an accelerated titration dose escalation schema. The starting dose and schedule were 5 mg/m2 daily for 5 days with cycles repeated every 21 days. Dosing modifications based on safety, pharmacodynamic modeling, and clinical outcomes led to the evaluation of the following schedules: daily × 3 repeated every 14 days; twice weekly (days 1, 4, 8, and 11) for 2 weeks every 3 weeks; and twice weekly (days 1 and 4) without interruption. During cycle 1, blood was collected for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. Results: Fifty-four eligible patients were treated. The MTD was schedule dependent: 56 mg/m2 on the daily × 5 schedule; 112 mg/m2 on the daily × 3 schedule; and 220 mg/m2 on the days 1, 4, 8, and 11 every-21-day schedule. Continuous twice-weekly dosing was deemed too toxic because of delayed hepatotoxicity. Hepatic toxicity was also dose limiting with the daily × 5 schedule. Other common toxicities encountered were fatigue, myalgias, and nausea. This latter adverse effect may have been attributable, in part, to the DMSO-based formulation. Concentrations of 17-AAG above those required for activity in preclinical models could be safely achieved in plasma. Induction of a heat shock response and down-regulation of Akt and Raf-1 were observed in biomarker studies. Conclusion: The MTD and toxicity profile of 17-AAG were schedule dependent. Intermittent dosing schedules were less toxic and are recommended for future phase II studies.
Low-dose oral contraceptives and acquired resistance to activated protein C: a randomised cross-over study
Authors: Jan Rosing, Saskia Middeldorp, Joyce Curvers, M Christella L GDlig; Thomassen, Gerry AF Nicolaes, Joost CM Meijers, Bonno N Bouma, Harry R Büller, Martin H Prins, Guido Tans
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Structural insights into the extracellular assembly of the hematopoietic Flt3 signaling complex
Authors: Kenneth Verstraete, Gonzalez Vandriessche, Mariska Januar, Jonathan Elegheert, Alexander V. Shkumatov, Ambroise Desfosses, Kathleen Van Craenenbroeck, Dmitri I. Svergun, Irina Gutsche, Bjorn Vergauwen, Savvas N. Savvides
Journal: Blood (2011)
Efficiency and safety of the combination of moxifloxacin, pretomanid (PA-824), and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of antituberculosis treatment: a phase 2b, open-label, partly randomised trial in patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Rodney Dawson, Andreas H Diacon, Daniel Everitt, Christo van Niekerk, Peter R Donald, Divan A Burger, Robert Schall, Melvin Spigelman, Almari Conradie, Kathleen Eisenach, Amour Venter, Prudence Ive, Liesl Page-Shipp, Ebrahim Variava, Klaus Reither, Nyanda E Ntinginya, Alexander Pym, Florian von Groote-Bidlingmaier, Carl M Mendel
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Impact of Age and Comorbidity on Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Older Veterans
Authors: Louise C. Walter, Karla Lindquist, Sean Nugent, Tammy Schult, Sei J. Lee, Michele A. Casadei, Melissa R. Partin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

The Veterans Health Administration, the American Cancer Society, and the American Geriatrics Society recommend colorectal cancer screening for older adults unless they are unlikely to live 5 years or have significant comorbidity that would preclude treatment.To determine whether colorectal cancer screening is targeted to healthy older patients and is avoided in older patients with severe comorbidity who have life expectancies of 5 years or less.Cohort study.Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers in Minneapolis, Minnesota; Durham, North Carolina; Portland, Oregon; and West Los Angeles, California, with linked national VA and Medicare administrative claims.27 068 patients 70 years or older who had an outpatient visit at 1 of 4 VA medical centers in 2001 or 2002 and were due for screening.The main outcome was receipt of fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or barium enema in 2001 or 2002, on the basis of national VA and Medicare claims. Charlson-Deyo comorbidity scores at the start of 2001 were used to stratify patients into 3 groups ranging from no comorbidity (score of 0) to severe comorbidity (score > or =4), and 5-year mortality was determined for each group.46% of patients were screened from 2001 through 2002. Only 47% of patients with no comorbidity were screened despite having life expectancies greater than 5 years (5-year mortality, 19%). Although the incidence of screening decreased with age and worsening comorbidity, it was still 41% for patients with severe comorbidity who had life expectancies less than 5 years (5-year mortality, 55%). The number of VA outpatient visits predicted screening independent of comorbidity, such that patients with severe comorbidity and 4 or more visits had screening rates similar to or higher than those of healthier patients with fewer visits.Some tests may have been performed for nonscreening reasons. The generalizability of findings to persons who do not use the VA system is uncertain.Advancing age was inversely associated with colorectal cancer screening, whereas comorbidity was a weaker predictor. More attention to comorbidity is needed to better target screening to older patients with substantial life expectancies and avoid screening older patients with limited life expectancies. primary funding source: VA Health Services Research and Development.
Disparities in Ideal Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Carlos J. Rodriguez
Journal: Circulation (2012)

2010, the American Heart Association (AHA) declared 2020 health strategy goals to reduce deaths from cardiovascular disease and stroke by 20% and to improve the cardiovascular health (CVH) of all Americans by 20%. 1 The latter goal is aimed at helping everyone living in the United States to achieve, or at least move toward, ideal CVH by focusing on 7 key health behaviors and risk factors-smoking, body mass-index, diet (based on the healthy diet score), participation in physical activity, and levels of blood pressure (Ͻ120/80 mm Hg), blood glucose (Ͻ100 mg/dL), and total cholesterol (Ͻ200 mg/dL). 2 What must not be forgotten is that this 2020 AHA strategy was instituted against the background of health disparities identified by the Institute of Medicine 3 in 2003 that are still present in our society today.In this issue of Circulation, Dong et al 4 describe a strong graded relationship between the number of ideal CVH metrics and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk (stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death) among whites, blacks, and Hispanics living in the same community.Furthermore, the authors assessed stroke as a separate outcome event whereas previous studies 5-8 on ideal CVH either did not include stroke or treated stroke only as a component of a composite outcome.
Effects of an early- and late-stage treatment with Geniposide on cognitive dysfunction in a transgenic mouse model relevant to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Lei Wang, Shijun Yan, Wensheng Zhang
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Method The present report primarily studied the effects of geniposide on cognitive dysfunction in a double-transgenic AD mouse model (APP/PS1) on early and late stages. Male APP/PS1 mice aged 6 month and 12 month were given water, geniposide (25mg.kg) once a day by oral gavage, and age-matched C57BL/6 mice were treated with water and geniposide (25mg.kg). Aricept (0.75mg.kg) was used in the positive control group. Morris water maze performance was assessed after 3 months of treatment.
Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone is active and well tolerated in bortezomib and lenalidomide–refractory multiple myeloma: Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome 2009-02
Authors: Xavier Leleu, Michel Attal, Bertrand Arnulf, Philippe Moreau, Catherine Traulle, Gerald Marit, Claire Mathiot, Marie Odile Petillon, Margaret Macro, Murielle Roussel, Brigitte Pegourie, Brigitte Kolb, Anne Marie Stoppa, Bernadette Hennache, Sabine Bréchignac, Nathalie Meuleman, Beatrice Thielemans, Laurent Garderet, Bruno Royer, Cyrille Hulin, Lotfi Benboubker, Olivier Decaux, Martine Escoffre-Barbe, Mauricette Michallet, Denis Caillot, Jean Paul Fermand, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Thierry Facon
Journal: Blood (2013)
Antibodies to the GABAB receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterisation of the antigen
Authors: Eric Lancaster, Meizan Lai, Xiaoyu Peng, Ethan Hughes, Radu Constantinescu, Jeffrey Raizer, Daniel Friedman, Mark B Skeen, Wolfgang Grisold, Akio Kimura, Kouichi Ohta, Takahiro Iizuka, Miguel Guzman, Francesc Graus, Stephen J Moss, Rita Balice-Gordon, Josep Dalmau
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2009)
Activation of the STAT3 Signaling Pathway Is Associated With Poor Survival in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With R-CHOP
Authors: Xin Huang, Bin Meng, Javeed Iqbal, B. Belinda Ding, Anamarija M. Perry, Wenfeng Cao, Lynette M. Smith, Chengfeng Bi, Chunsun Jiang, Timothy C. Greiner, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Lisa Rimsza, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Jan Delabie, Elias Campo, Rita M. Braziel, Randy D. Gascoyne, James R. Cook, Raymond R. Tubbs, Elaine S. Jaffe, James O. Armitage, Julie M. Vose, Louis M. Staudt, Timothy W. McKeithan, Wing C. Chan, B. Hilda Ye, Kai Fu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

We previously reported that constitutive STAT3 activation is a prominent feature of the activated B-cell subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (ABC-DLBCL). In this study, we investigated whether STAT3 activation can risk stratify patients with DLBCL.By an immunohistochemical method, we investigated phosphotyrosine STAT3 (PY-STAT3) expression from 185 patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). Cell line-based siRNA experiments were also performed to generate an 11-gene, PY-STAT3 activation signature, which was used to study a previously published cohort of 222 patients with DLBCL. The STAT3 activation status determined by these two methods and by STAT3 mRNA levels were then correlated with survival.PY-STAT3 was detected in 37% of DLBCL and enriched in ABC-DLBCL cases (P = .03). PY-STAT3 positivity significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS; P = .01) and event-free survival (EFS; P = .006). Similar observations were made for high levels of STAT3 mRNA. In multivariable analysis, PY-STAT3 status (P = .02), International Prognostic Index (P = .02), and BCL2 expression (P = .046) were independent prognosticators of OS in this cohort. Among the cell-of-origin subgroups, PY-STAT3 was associated with poor EFS among non-germinal center B-cell DLBCL cases only (P = .027). Similarly, the 11-gene STAT3 activation signature correlated with poor survival in the entire DLBCL cohort (OS, P < .001; EFS, P < .001) as well as the ABC-DLBCL subgroup (OS, P = .029; EFS, P = .025).STAT3 activation correlated with poor survival in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP, especially those with tumors of the ABC-DLBCL subtype.
Immunohistochemical analysis of mucosal gamma-interferon production in coeliac disease.
Authors: A al-Dawoud, I Nakshabendi, A Foulis, A M Mowat
Journal: Gut (1992)

The role of gamma-interferon in the pathogenesis of enteropathies with an immunological basis such as coeliac disease, is unclear. Gamma-interferon immunoreactive lymphocytes were quantified in jejunal biopsies from patients with coeliac disease and from normal controls. In coeliac disease, there was an apparent decrease in the percentage of both intraepithelial (3.5% v 13.5%) and lamina propria (10.3% v 47.2%) lymphocytes expressing gamma-interferon compared with controls. In patients successfully treated with a gluten free diet, the percentage of gamma-interferon immunoreactive intra-epithelial lymphocytes was 10.3%. Intraepithelial lymphocytes were immunonegative for class II major histocompatibility complex, while epithelial cells showed increased expression of this product in coeliac disease. The results show that a relatively large proportion of lymphocytes in normal small bowel express gamma-interferon. They also indicate that in coeliac disease the major increase in the numbers of mucosal lymphocytes is the result of infiltration by lymphocytes not expressing gamma-interferon.
Minimally Invasive Coronary Bypass
Authors: Lawrence I. Bonchek, Daniel J. Ullyot
Journal: Circulation (1998)

inimally invasive techniques for coronary surgery are gaining increased attention, but not without debate.We recognize that in criticizing a new technique, it is necessary to have not only a firm opinion but also a willingness to be wrong; our purpose is to stimulate discussion and debate.Of course, it is difficult to argue against attempts to minimize the invasiveness of any procedure, but it is well to recall that the most obvious successes of minimally invasive surgery have involved technically simple operations, such as arthroscopy or cholecystectomy, which involve a minimum of precision and almost no sewing.The circumstances are different, however, when one attempts to apply the same theory and strategy to physiologically and technically complex cardiac operations.
Clinical characteristics of coronary heart disease in women: emphasis on gender differences
Authors: N Wenger
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Time for primary review 57 days. 

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality for adult women in most industrialized nations [1,2]. Internationally there is substantial variation in the rates of age-standardized CHD incidence and mortality; countries with high rates of CHD among men also have high rates for women [3]. That environmental/lifestyle factors may exert major importance compared with gender is highlighted by the fact that women in countries with high prevalence of CHD have greater CHD rates than men in countries with low CHD prevalence. Changes in age-standardized CHD mortality rates for men and women between 1981 and 1983 and 1991–1993 show prominent declines in Western European countries, the United Kingdom and the US for both genders, in contrast to increases in mortality rates for both women and men in Eastern European countries, highlighting the potential impact of environmental/lifestyle changes [3]. Within this favorable trend, the percentage decline in mortality rates in the US, the UK and Sweden has been far greater for men than women [4,5].

Although rates of CHD mortality increase prominently with age both for women and men, there is a consistent substantially greater CHD mortality for men at all ages, with the difference most marked at younger ages. The greater age-dependency of CHD for women than men has been known since the early reports of the Framingham Heart Study; any initial manifestation of CHD was delayed about 10 years in women compared with their male counterparts, with initial myocardial infarction (MI) occurring as much as 20 years later [6,7]. Convincing explanations for the CHD gender–age disparities remain elusive. There is not an abrupt increase in CHD rates for women at the time of menopause. By contrast coronary risk factor prevalence in women both in the US and … 

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An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline: Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Elizabeth S. Klings, Roberto F. Machado, Robyn J. Barst, Claudia R. Morris, Kamal K. Mubarak, Victor R. Gordeuk, Gregory J. Kato, Kenneth I. Ataga, J. Simon Gibbs, Oswaldo Castro, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Namita Sood, Lewis Hsu, Kevin C. Wilson, Marilyn J. Telen, Laura M. DeCastro, Lakshmanan Krishnamurti, Martin H. Steinberg, David B. Badesch, Mark T. Gladwin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<ContentsOverviewIntroductionMethodsHow to Use These Guidelin...Definition of PH in SCDDiagnosis of PH in SCDEstimating Mortality Risk...Treatment of Patients wit...Future DirectionsReferencesCITING ARTICLES