tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of Chronic-type Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Noriaki Yoshida, Kennosuke Karube, Atae Utsunomiya, Kunihiro Tsukasaki, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Naoya Taira, Naokuni Uike, Akira Umino, Kotaro Arita, Miyuki Suguro, Shinobu Tsuzuki, Tomohiro Kinoshita, Koichi Ohshima, Masao Seto
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus type-1-induced neoplasm with four clinical subtypes: acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering. Although the chronic type is regarded as indolent ATL, about half of the cases progress to acute-type ATL. The molecular pathogenesis of acute transformation in chronic-type ATL is only partially understood. In an effort to determine the molecular pathogeneses of ATL, and especially the molecular mechanism of acute transformation, oligo-array comparative genomic hybridization and comprehensive gene expression profiling were applied to 27 and 35 cases of chronic and acute type ATL, respectively. The genomic profile of the chronic type was nearly identical to that of acute-type ATL, although more genomic alterations characteristic of acute-type ATL were observed. Among the genomic alterations frequently observed in acute-type ATL, the loss of CDKN2A, which is involved in cell-cycle deregulation, was especially characteristic of acute-type ATL compared with chronic-type ATL. Furthermore, we found that genomic alteration of CD58, which is implicated in escape from the immunosurveillance mechanism, is more frequently observed in acute-type ATL than in the chronic-type. Interestingly, the chronic-type cases with cell-cycle deregulation and disruption of immunosurveillance mechanism were associated with earlier progression to acute-type ATL. These findings suggested that cell-cycle deregulation and the immune escape mechanism play important roles in acute transformation of the chronic type and indicated that these alterations are good predictive markers for chronic-type ATL.
Effect of colloidal bismuth subcitrate on age related gastric lesions in the rat.
Authors: S M Hinsull
Journal: Gut (1991)

The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in rat gastric functional morphology that take place with age and to study the action of colloidal bismuth subcitrate on the age related degeneration of the stomach. At 95 weeks of age erosions were apparent over 80% of the gastric mucosa and this was associated with a significant decline in the numbers and mucus content of the mucosal epithelial cells. The rate of stem cell proliferation in the neck region was also significantly lower than that found in 9 week old animals. The administration of 50 mg/kg colloidal bismuth subcitrate for 14 days to 9 week old animals resulted in slight hypertrophy of the mucosal epithelial cells. When 95 week animals were placed on the same regimen there was a decline in the number of deep erosions in the mucosa and an increase in the number and mucin content of the mucosal epithelial cells. A significant increase in the proliferation of the stem cell population was also observed after colloidal bismuth subcitrate administration. It is suggested that colloidal bismuth subcitrate may ameliorate the increased susceptibility to harmful agents that occurs with age.
Eradication of the Screwworm Fly
Authors: Alfred H. Baumhover
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Screwworms (Diptera, Calliphoridae,Cochliomyia hominivorax[Coquerell] are important obligate parasites of various terrestrial mammals, including man. Distribution is restricted during winter months to tropical and subtropical areas of North and South America; but during other periods, the screwworm fly may disperse 500 miles or more from its normal overwintering area.  Life Cycle.—  When held at 80 F (27 C), the adult flies mate at 2 to 3 days of age, and at 7 days of age, females oviposit shingle-like masses of 200 to 500 eggs. After an incubation period of 16 hours, larvae emerge and immediately start feeding in compact pockets, consuming primarily live flesh and wound fluids. In four to nine days after hatching, the larvae attain a body weight of 70 to 120 mg, drop from the wound, and burrow into the soil to pupate; adults emerge from the soil within eight days.  Economic Importance.—  Although the screwworm
Persecution Trauma and the Reconditioning of Emotional Life: A Brief Survey
Authors: JOOST A. M. MEERLOO
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

This brief survey is intended to outline the types of persecution trauma commonly seen among the survivors of Nazi concentration camps. Many psychiatric evaluations of these victims for purposes of compensation under the German law of restitution are, the author feels, cursory, unrealistically limited, and biased in favor of a narrow etiological view. He offers specific guidelines to aid future examiners in their psychiatric evaluations.
Avian Influenza — A Challenge to Global Health Care Structures
Authors: Tran Tinh Hien, Menno de Jong, Jeremy Farrar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Drs. Tran Tinh Hien, Menno de Jong, and Jeremy Farrar address the concern that currently circulating H5N1 viruses will evolve into a pandemic strain by adapting to humans through genetic mutation or reassortment with human influenza strains.
Type C retrovirus-like particles in mycosis fungoides
Authors: David Slater, Stanley Bleehen, Nicholas Rooney, Abdul Hamhd
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Type C retrovirus‐like particles in mycosis fungoides Get access David Slater, David Slater Royal Hallamshire Hospital/Medical School, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stanley Bleehen, Stanley Bleehen Royal Hallamshire Hospital/Medical School, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nicholas Rooney, Nicholas Rooney Royal Hallamshire Hospital/Medical School, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Abdul Hamhd Abdul Hamhd Royal Hallamshire Hospital/Medical School, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue 1, 1 July 1983, Pages 120–125, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb04002.x Published: 01 July 1983
Growth hormone: panacea or punishment for short stature?
Authors: C G D Brook
Journal: BMJ (1997)

After the nutrition dependent phase of fetal and infant growth has ended (towards the latter part of the first year of life) growth hormone secretion becomes the predominant controller of the rate of human growth.1 Almost any child given growth hormone in sufficient doses will grow more quickly, and dose-response curves for human growth hormone treatment have been with us for some years.2

Although much has been written about the predictors of response to treatment, only final height really matters. The French study reported on page 708 by Coste et al is important because it is concerned solely with that end point.3 As the authors make clear, their study has all the merits (large numbers) and demerits (different data collection staff, reporting errors, different laboratories) of a register based study, but it shows clearly that those patients treated earliest do best—and …
Four Faces of Baroreflex Failure
Authors: Terry Ketch, Italo Biaggioni, RoseMarie Robertson, David Robertson
Journal: Circulation (2002)

The baroreflex normally serves to buffer blood pressure against excessive rise or fall. Baroreflex failure occurs when afferent baroreceptive nerves or their central connections become impaired. In baroreflex failure, there is loss of buffering ability, and wide excursions of pressure and heart rate occur. Such excursions may derive from endogenous factors such as stress or drowsiness, which result in quite high and quite low pressures, respectively. They may also derive from exogenous factors such as drugs or environmental influences.Impairment of the baroreflex may produce an unusually broad spectrum of clinical presentations; with acute baroreflex failure, a hypertensive crisis is the most common presentation. Over succeeding days to weeks, or in the absence of an acute event, volatile hypertension with periods of hypotension occurs and may continue for many years, usually with some attenuation of pressor surges and greater prominence of depressor valleys during long-term follow-up. With incomplete loss of baroreflex afferents, a mild syndrome of orthostatic tachycardia or orthostatic intolerance may appear. Finally, if the baroreflex failure occurs without concomitant destruction of the parasympathetic efferent vagal fibers, a resting state may lead to malignant vagotonia with severe bradycardia and hypotension and episodes of sinus arrest.Although baroreflex failure is not the most common cause of the above conditions, correct differentiation from other cardiovascular disorders is important, because therapy of baroreflex failure requires specific strategies, which may lead to successful control.
Chronic mental disorders in general practice.
Authors: G Wilkinson, I Falloon, B Sen
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The future of health research will be characterised by three continuing trends: rising demand for health data; increasing impracticability of obtaining specific consent for secondary research; and decreasing capacity to effectively anonymise data. In this context, governments, clinicians and the research community must demonstrate that they can be responsible stewards of health data. IRBs and RECs sit at heart of this process because in many jurisdictions they have the capacity to grant consent waivers when research is judged to be of particular value. However, several different terms are used to refer to this value (including public interest, public benefit, public good and social value), indicating a lack of conceptual clarity regarding the appropriate test for access to health data for research without consent. In this paper we do three things. First we describe the current confusion and instability in terminology relating to public interest in the context of consent waivers. Second we argue for harmonisation of terminology on the grounds of clarity, transparency and consistency. Third we argue that the term ‘public interest’ best reflects the normative work required to justify consent waivers because it is the broadest of the competing terms. ‘Public interest’ contains within its scope positive and negative implications of a study, as well as welfare, justice and rights considerations. In making this argument, we explain the normative basis for consent waivers, and provide a starting place for further discussion about the precise conditions in which a given study can be said to advance the public interest. Ipsos MORI study found that: … the public would be broadly happy with administrative data linking for research projects provided (1) Those projects have social value, broadly defined. (2) Data are de-identified. (3) Data are kept secure. (4) Businesses are not able to access the data for profit.
Hospitals will be prosecuted over fungal spillage
Authors: O Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The Health and Safety Executive in Britain is to prosecute the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals for breaches of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1988 after cultures of two dangerous fungi were spilled last September in one of the schools' laboratories.

The two fungal micro-organisms-Histoplasma capsulatum and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis - …
Is abdominal aortic aneurysm familial?
Authors: J. Collin, J. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1989)

to aflatoxin B1; one consequence of this might be suppression of cell mediated immunity.Aflatoxins were detected more commonly in urine from users in The Netherlands than from those in ,Merseyside.Aflatoxin B1, the most toxic aflatoxin, was detected in eight specimens from The Netherlands but only one from Merseyside; the most common aflatoxin detected in the specimens from Merseyside was aflatoxin MI, a less toxic derivative of B1.These variations may be due to differences in the quantity or quality, or both, of heroin or to a difference in the timing of the urine collection after the last heroin injection.Another possibility is that heroin addicts in The Netherlands have greater dietary exposure to aflatoxins than their counterparts in Merseyside.Control urine specimens were not available from The Netherlands.
On the naming of the parts
Authors: P Burdett-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

AIMS: To evaluate biofeedback training in children with encopresis and the effect on psychosocial function. DESIGN: Prospective controlled randomised study. PATIENT INTERVENTIONS: A multimodal treatment of six weeks. Children were randomised into two groups. Each group received dietary and toilet advice, enemas, oral laxatives, and anorectal manometry. One group also received five biofeedback training sessions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Successful treatment was defined as less than two episodes of encopresis, regular bowel movements, and no laxatives. Psychosocial function after treatment was assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist. RESULTS: Children given laxatives and biofeedback training had higher success rates than those who received laxatives alone (39% v 19%) at the end of the intervention period. At 12 and 18 months, however, approximately 50% of children in each group were successfully treated. Abnormal behaviour scores were initially observed in 35% of children. Most children had improved behaviour scores six months after treatment. Children with an initial abnormal behaviour score who were successfully treated had a significant improvement in their behavioural profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Biofeedback training had no additional effect on the success rate or behaviour scores. Psychosocial problems are present in a subgroup of children with encopresis. The relation between successful treatment and improvement in behavioural function supports the idea that encopresis has an aetiological role in the occurrence and maintenance of behavioural problems in children with encopresis.
Oxidative stress and ferritin expression in the skin of patients with rosacea
Authors: Vesna Sredoja Tisma, Aleksandra Basta-Juzbasic, Morana Jaganjac, Luka Brcic, Ivan Dobric, Jasna Lipozencic, Franz Tatzber, Neven Zarkovic, Marija Poljak-Blazi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
Carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a multicenter, phase 2 study
Authors: Sara Bringhen, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Alessandra Larocca, Concetta Conticello, Davide Rossi, Valeria Magarotto, Pellegrino Musto, Luana Boccadifuoco, Massimo Offidani, Paola Omedé, Fabiana Gentilini, Giovannino Ciccone, Giulia Benevolo, Mariella Genuardi, Vittorio Montefusco, Stefania Oliva, Tommaso Caravita, Paola Tacchetti, Mario Boccadoro, Pieter Sonneveld, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: Blood (2014)
Complication of Waldenstroem's macroglobulinaemia following ERCP
Authors: M Pascu
Journal: Gut (2004)

Background: Perception of colonic distension, which is enhanced in a subset of patients with irritable bowel syndrome, requires activation of mechanoreceptors.In animal studies, distension activates both in series (''tension'') and in parallel (''elongation'') mechanoreceptors.During active contractions against a fixed volume balloon, tension receptors are activated without elongation of receptor activation.Aim: To evaluate the role of tension receptors in the perception of mechanical stimuli from the colon in healthy subjects.Methods: A 700 ml balloon connected to a barostat-manometer assembly was placed in the descending colon of 10 healthy subjects.After volume controlled distension (50 ml/2 minutes) to assess the first perception threshold, fixed volume subthreshold distension (122 (16) ml) was maintained for a 30 minute period before and after administration of neostigmine 0.5 mg intravenously.Mean intraballoon pressure, number, amplitude, and duration of contractions, and frequency of sensations were analysed.The period after neostigmine was divided into 10 second intervals and evaluated for the occurrence of contractions and onset of sensations.Fisher's exact test was applied to calculate the sensation-contraction association probability (SAP) as (1.02p)6100%.Results: Neostigmine increased intraballoon pressure (p,0.01),number of contractions (p,0.01), and number of sensations (p,0.01) per minute in all subjects.In seven of 10 subjects a significant association (SAP .95%)was found between sensations and contractions.In the remaining subjects, contractions were not associated with sensations and had lower amplitude (p,0.05) and duration (p,0.01)compared with contractions in the other seven subjects.
The international collaborative study on the first international standard of birch (Betula verrucosa)-pollen extract1
Authors: F ARNTZEN, T WILHELMSEN, H LOWENSTEIN, B GJESING, H MAASCH, R STROMBERG, R EINARSSON, A BACKMAN, S MAKINENKILJUNEN, A FORD
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1989)
Iloprost suppresses connective tissue growth factor production in fibroblasts and in the skin of scleroderma patients
Authors: Richard Stratton, Xu Shiwen, Giorgia Martini, Alan Holmes, Andrew Leask, Thomas Haberberger, George R. Martin, Carol M. Black, David Abraham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Patients with scleroderma receiving Iloprost as a treatment for severe Raynaud’s phenomenon report a reduction in skin tightness, suggesting that this drug inhibits skin fibrosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a recently described profibrotic cytokine, acts downstream and in concert with TGF-β to stimulate the fibrotic process and is involved in the fibrosis seen in scleroderma. Here we show that Iloprost, acting by elevation of cAMP, blocks the induction of CTGF and the increase in collagen synthesis in fibroblasts exposed to TGF-β. The potency of Iloprost with respect to suppression of CTGF far exceeds that of other prostanoid receptor agonists, suggesting that its effect is mediated by the prostacyclin receptor IP. By sampling dermal interstitial fluid using a suction blister device, we show that CTGF levels are greatly elevated in the dermis of scleroderma patients compared with healthy controls and that Iloprost infusion causes a marked decrease in dermal CTGF levels. These studies suggest that Iloprost could be reducing the level of a key profibrotic cytokine in scleroderma patients and that endogenous production of eicosanoids may limit the fibrotic response to TGF-β.
The Story of Chemical Industry in Basle
Authors: Bernard E. Conley
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This book is a history of the development of the Swiss organic chemical industry. The genealogy and shape of the Basle chemical industry is portrayed from the preindustrial period in the late Middle Ages to the present. The personal and contractual associations which characterized the early operations of CIBA Lt., Sandoz Ltd., J. R. Geigy S. A., Durand &amp; Huguenin Ltd., and Hoffman-La Roche &amp; Co., Ltd., are briefly surveyed. The growth of the several firms is related to the development of the dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, plastics, textile products, and insecticides on which the chemical industry of Basle is based. The book is amply illustrated with drawings, woodcuts, and paintings depicting the historical setting of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance periods which preceded Basle's passage to the age of technology. The culture and development of chemistry in Basle in the late 19th Century is also richly and extensively documented. The
Australia Antigen: Another Interesting Family
Authors: D. E. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Two of the donors who tested positive for Australia antigen in Tasmania, Australia, were brothers. The incidence of carriers among voluntary blood donors is similar to that in other parts of Australia, viz 0.11%.  The two brothers belonged to a large immigrant family who had come to Australia from Holland many years previously. Further investigation revealed another carrier—a third brother of similar age. Negative results were obtained from the remaining family members available for testing, including both parents, two sisters, and four more brothers. The only history of jaundice in the family was that of a short-term attack affecting the father's brother in Holland in 1935.  The cluster is, therefore, represented by three brothers aged 28, 23, and 21 years. The four younger children, two girls and two boys, all had negative results. Two older brothers and the parents also had negative results. Two other siblings were
Elevated troponin following percutaneous coronary intervention predicts subsequent events: results from the ESPRIT trial
Authors: Christopher K. Dyke, Danny K. Benjamin, Charlotte L. Nelson, Kristin Newby, Conor O'shea, Warren Cantor, Can Nguyen, John H. Alexander, Michael M. Kitt, James E. Tcheng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Early menopause, low body mass index, and smoking are independent risk factors for developing giant cell arteritis
Authors: K Larsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To assess female sex hormone related variables in a group of women with biopsy positive giant cell arteritis and a control group. <b>Methods:</b> 49 women with biopsy positive giant cell arteritis, aged 50 to 69 years at the time of diagnosis, answered a questionnaire on hormonal and reproductive factors. The same questions were answered by a large population of women from the same geographical area in connection with routine mammograms. The results were tested statistically, using logistic regression analysis of each variable adjusted for age, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis including age and the variables which differed significantly between giant cell arteritis and controls. <b>Results:</b> From the multivariate logistic regression analysis, three independent variables were associated with an increased risk of having giant cell arteritis: smoking and being an ex-smoker (odds ratio (OR) = 6.324 (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.503 to 11.418), p&lt;0.0001); body mass index (a reduction of 1.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> increased the risk by 10% (OR = 0.898 (0.846 to 0.952), p = 0.0003); and menopause before the age of 43 (OR = 3.521 (1.717 to 7.220), p = 0.0006). <b>Conclusions:</b> There was a significant association between hormonal and reproduction related factors and the risk of developing giant cell arteritis in women given the diagnosis before the age of 70. The results suggest a possible role of oestrogen deficiency in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis. To confirm the results, an extended study will be needed, including women older than 70.
916 SERUM ANTI-E1E2 D32.10 NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES PREDICT VIRAL CLEARANCE KINETICS DURING STANDARD THERAPY OF CHRONIC HCV INFECTION
Authors: C. Arnaud, N. Ndongo-Thiam, P. Berthillon, M. Spaziante, P. Pradat, I. Bordes, M. Maynard, G. Taliani, C. Trepo, M.-A. Petit
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The Military Psychiatrist as Social Engineer
Authors: JOSEPH DUBEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The social roles of the military psychiatrist are examined with special attention to the uses and misuses of power. The ethical dilemma of loyalty divided between the individual patient and the community at large is complicated by the social impact of psychiatric diagnosis. Diagnosis may be considered a seemingly harmless choice of medical language describing social behavior, but the choice of the medical model has profound social consequences.