tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Advanced Wound Care Therapies for Nonhealing Diabetic, Venous, and Arterial Ulcers
Authors: Nancy Greer, Neal A. Foman, Roderick MacDonald, James Dorrian, Patrick Fitzgerald, Indulis Rutks, Timothy J. Wilt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Nonhealing ulcers affect patient quality of life and impose a substantial financial burden on the health care system.To systematically evaluate benefits and harms of advanced wound care therapies for nonhealing diabetic, venous, and arterial ulcers.MEDLINE (1995 to June 2013), the Cochrane Library, and reference lists.English-language randomized trials reporting ulcer healing or time to complete healing in adults with nonhealing ulcers treated with advanced therapies.Study characteristics, outcomes, adverse events, study quality, and strength of evidence were extracted by trained researchers and confirmed by the principal investigator.For diabetic ulcers, 35 trials (9 therapies) met eligibility criteria. There was moderate-strength evidence for improved healing with a biological skin equivalent (relative risk [RR], 1.58 [95% CI, 1.20 to 2.08]) and negative pressure wound therapy (RR, 1.49 [CI, 1.11 to 2.01]) compared with standard care and low-strength evidence for platelet-derived growth factors and silver cream compared with standard care. For venous ulcers, 20 trials (9 therapies) met eligibility criteria. There was moderate-strength evidence for improved healing with keratinocyte therapy (RR, 1.57 [CI, 1.16 to 2.11]) compared with standard care and low-strength evidence for biological dressing and a biological skin equivalent compared with standard care. One small trial of arterial ulcers reported improved healing with a biological skin equivalent compared with standard care. Overall, strength of evidence was low for ulcer healing and low or insufficient for time to complete healing.Only studies of products approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were reviewed. Studies were predominantly of fair or poor quality. Few trials compared 2 advanced therapies.Compared with standard care, some advanced wound care therapies may improve the proportion of ulcers healed and reduce time to healing, although evidence is limited.Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative.
Frequent non-response to histamine H2-receptor antagonists in cirrhotics.
Authors: S Walker, D R Krishna, U Klotz, J C Bode
Journal: Gut (1989)

The effect of ranitidine 300 mg po given at 1800 h (famotidine 40 mg/cimetidine 800 mg) on the night time gastric pH was tested using longterm intragastric pH monitoring in 27 patients with and 32 patients without liver cirrhosis. A rise in the gastric pH above 4.0 for more than six hours between 1800 h and 0600 h was considered as sufficient effect (response) of the H2-receptor antagonists on gastric acidity. Among the patients with cirrhosis, there were significantly (p less than 0.005) more non-responders to ranitidine (16 of 27 patients) than in the control group (six of 32). When 13 of the 22 non-responders to ranitidine were subsequently treated with famotidine, only two showed a sufficient rise in their gastric pH. Of the 11 patients not responding to both H2-receptor antagonists, 10 were finally treated with cimetidine and eight did not respond. Plasma levels of all three drugs measured two and four hours after oral administration were not significantly different between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients as well as between responders and non-responders. In addition, in all patients plasma levels were far above the corresponding IC50 values. Therefore, differences in the absorption and plasma levels of these drugs cannot account for the frequent non-response in cirrhotics.
Haploinsufficiency of Bcl11b suppresses the progression of ATM-deficient T cell lymphomas
Authors: Kerice A. Pinkney, Wenxia Jiang, Brian J. Lee, Denis G. Loredan, Chen Li, Govind Bhagat, Shan Zha
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2015)

Bcl11b is a transcription factor important for T cell development and also a tumor-suppressor gene that is hemizygously inactivated in ~10% human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and several murine T-ALL models, including ATM(-/-) thymic lymphomas. Here we report that heterozygous loss of Bcl11b (Bcl11b(+/-)) unexpectedly reduced lethal thymic lymphoma in ATM(-/-) mice by suppressing lymphoma progression, but not initiation. The suppression was associated with a T cell-mediated immune response in ATM(-/-)Bcl11b(+/-) mice, revealing a haploid insufficient function of Bcl11b in immune modulation against lymphoma and offering an explanation for the complex relationship between Bcl11b status with T-ALL prognosis.
Phase II Parallel Group Study Showing Comparable Efficacy Between Premenopausal Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Letrozole Plus Goserelin and Postmenopausal Patients Treated With Letrozole Alone As First-Line Hormone Therapy
Authors: In Hae Park, Jungsil Ro, Keun Seok Lee, Eun-A Kim, Youngmee Kwon, Byoung-Ho Nam, So-Youn Jung, Seeyoun Lee, Seok Won Kim, Han Sung Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Goserelin and letrozole in premenopausal patients can result in clinical outcomes comparable to those obtained by letrozole alone in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).A total of 73 patients with hormone-responsive MBC were included. Of those, 35 premenopausal patients received goserelin (3.6 mg subcutaneously every 28 days) plus letrozole (2.5 mg orally daily), and 38 postmenopausal patients received letrozole alone as their first-line endocrine therapy in a metastatic setting.Baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups, except for a younger age (median, 41 v 53.5 years; P < .001) and a shorter disease-free interval (median, 1.8 v 3.3 years; P = .03) in the premenopausal group. Clinical benefit rates were comparable between the two groups (77% v 74%; P = .77). With the median follow-up of 27.4 months, there was no statistical difference in the median time to progression between the two groups (9.5 months [95% CI, 6.4 to 12.1 months] v 8.9 months [95% CI, 6.4 to 13.3 months]). In patients who did not receive bisphosphonate, letrozole +/- goserelin caused a greater loss of bone mineral density at 6 months compared with that of patients receiving bisphosphonate treatment (premenopausal group, -16.7% v 53.9%; P = .002 and postmenopausal group, -13.3% v 17.4%; P = .04 at the lumbar spine).Clinical efficacies in premenopausal MBC patients with combined letrozole and goserelin therapy were comparable to those in postmenopausal patients treated with letrozole alone. Although letrozole +/- goserelin resulted in a modest increase in bone resorption, concurrent treatment with bisphosphonate could prevent bone loss at 6 months.
Association of Antenatal Corticosteroids With Mortality and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Infants Born at 22 to 25 Weeks' Gestation
Authors: Waldemar A. Carlo, Scott A. McDonald, Avroy A. Fanaroff, Betty R. Vohr, Barbara J. Stoll, Richard A. Ehrenkranz, William W. Andrews, Dennis Wallace, Abhik Das, Edward F. Bell, Michele C. Walsh, Abbot R. Laptook, Seetha Shankaran, Brenda B. Poindexter, Ellen C. Hale, Nancy S. Newman, Alexis S. Davis, Kurt Schibler, Kathleen A. Kennedy, Pablo J. Sánchez, Krisa P. Van Meurs, Ronald N. Goldberg, Kristi L. Watterberg, Roger G. Faix, Ivan D. Frantz, Rosemary D. Higgins
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Current guidelines, initially published in 1995, recommend antenatal corticosteroids for mothers with preterm labor from 24 to 34 weeks' gestational age, but not before 24 weeks due to lack of data. However, many infants born before 24 weeks' gestation are provided intensive care.To determine if use of antenatal corticosteroids is associated with improvement in major outcomes for infants born at 22 and 23 weeks' gestation.Cohort study of data collected prospectively on inborn infants with a birth weight between 401 g and 1000 g (N = 10,541) born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2009, at 23 academic perinatal centers in the United States. Certified examiners unaware of exposure to antenatal corticosteroids performed follow-up examinations on 4924 (86.5%) of the infants born between 1993 and 2008 who survived to 18 to 22 months. Logistic regression models generated adjusted odds ratios (AORs), controlling for maternal and neonatal variables.Mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months' corrected age.Death or neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months was significantly lower for infants who had been exposed to antenatal corticosteroids and were born at 23 weeks' gestation (83.4% with exposure to antenatal corticosteroids vs 90.5% without exposure; AOR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.42-0.80]), at 24 weeks' gestation (68.4% with exposure to antenatal corticosteroids vs 80.3% without exposure; AOR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49-0.78]), and at 25 weeks' gestation (52.7% with exposure to antenatal corticosteroids vs 67.9% without exposure; AOR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.50-0.74]) but not in those infants born at 22 weeks' gestation (90.2% with exposure to antenatal corticosteroids vs 93.1% without exposure; AOR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.29-2.21]). If the mothers had received antenatal corticosteroids, the following events occurred significantly less in infants born at 23, 24, and 25 weeks' gestation: death by 18 to 22 months; hospital death; death, intraventricular hemorrhage, or periventricular leukomalacia; and death or necrotizing enterocolitis. For infants born at 22 weeks' gestation, the only outcome that occurred significantly less was death or necrotizing enterocolitis (73.5% with exposure to antenatal corticosteroids vs 84.5% without exposure; AOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.30-0.97]).Among infants born at 23 to 25 weeks' gestation, antenatal exposure to corticosteroids compared with nonexposure was associated with a lower rate of death or neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months.
Influence of the hematopoietic stem cell source on early immunohematologic reconstitution after allogeneic transplantation
Authors: Valérie Lapierre, Nadia Oubouzar, Anne Aupérin, Dominique Tramalloni, Hakim Tayebi, Eric Robinet, Matthieu Kuentz, Didier Blaise, Olivier Hartmann, Patrick Hervé, Pierre Tiberghien
Journal: Blood (2001)
Development of Tumor Targeting Bioprobes (111In-Chimeric L6 Monoclonal Antibody Nanoparticles) for Alternating Magnetic Field Cancer Therapy
Authors: Sally J. DeNardo, Gerald L. DeNardo, Laird A. Miers, Arutselvan Natarajan, Alan R. Foreman, Cordula Gruettner, Grete N. Adamson, Robert Ivkov
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Objectives: 111In-chimeric L6 (ChL6) monoclonal antibody (mAb)–linked iron oxide nanoparticle (bioprobes) pharmacokinetics, tumor uptake, and the therapeutic effect of inductively heating these bioprobes by externally applied alternating magnetic field (AMF) were studied in athymic mice bearing human breast cancer HBT 3477 xenografts. Tumor cell radioimmunotargeting of the bioprobes and therapeutic and toxic responses were determined. Methods: Using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide HCl, 111In-7,10-tetra-azacyclododecane-N, N′,N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid-ChL6 was conjugated to the carboxylated polyethylene glycol on dextran-coated iron oxide 20 nm particles, one to two mAbs per nanoparticle. After magnetic purification and sterile filtration, pharmacokinetics, histopathology, and AMF/bioprobe therapy were done using 111In-ChL6 bioprobe doses (20 ng/2.2 mg ChL6/ bioprobe), i.v. with 50 μg ChL6 in athymic mice bearing HBT 3477; a 153 kHz AMF was given 72 hours postinjection for therapy with amplitudes of 1,300, 1,000, or 700 Oe. Weights, blood counts, and tumor size were monitored and compared with control mice receiving nothing, or AMF or bioprobes alone. Results: 111In-ChL6 bioprobe binding in vitro to HBT 3477 cells was 50% to 70% of that of 111In-ChL6. At 48 hours, tumor, lung, kidney, and marrow uptakes of the 111In-ChL6 bioprobes were not different from that observed in prior studies of 111In-ChL6. Significant therapeutic responses from AMF/bioprobe therapy were shown with up to eight times longer mean time to quintuple tumor volume with therapy compared with no treatment (P = 0.0013). Toxicity was only seen in the 1,300 Oe AMF cohort, with 4 of 12 immediate deaths and skin erythema. Electron micrographs showed bioprobes on the surfaces of the HBT 3477 cells of excised tumors and tumor necrosis 24 hours after AMF/bioprobe therapy. Conclusion: This study shows that mAb-conjugated nanoparticles (bioprobes), when given i.v., escape into the extravascular space and bind to cancer cell membrane antigen, so that bioprobes can be used in concert with externally applied AMF to deliver thermoablative cancer therapy.
Cytotoxin-Associated Gene-A–Positive <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Strains Are Associated With Atherosclerotic Stroke
Authors: Antonio Pietroiusti, Marina Diomedi, Mauro Silvestrini, Letizia Maria Cupini, Ida Luzzi, Maria Jesus Gomez-Miguel, Antonio Bergamaschi, Andrea Magrini, Tiziana Carrabs, Marina Vellini, Alberto Galante
Journal: Circulation (2002)

It is uncertain whether Helicobacter pylori is associated with ischemic syndromes and whether this association is mediated by the induction of atherosclerosis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that atherosclerotic stroke shows a selective association with virulent H pylori strains.The seroprevalence of infection by H pylori and by strains bearing the cytotoxin-associated gene-A (CagA), a strong virulence factor, was assessed by ELISA in 138 patients with large-vessel stroke (group A), in 61 patients with cardioembolic stroke (group B), and in 151 healthy control subjects. The 3 groups had a similar socioeconomic status. Serum levels of C-reactive protein were also measured by ELISA. The prevalence of infection was 71% in group A, 63.9% in group B, and 70.2% in the control group (P=NS), whereas the prevalence of CagA-positive strains was higher in group A than in group B (42.8% versus 19.7%, respectively; odds ratio 3.04, 95% CI 1.43 to 6.49; P<0.001) and higher in group A than in the control group (42.8% versus 17.9%, respectively; odds ratio 4.3, 95% CI 2.12 to 8.64; P<0.001), after adjusting for main cardiovascular risk factors and social class. A trend toward a difference in C-reactive protein was observed between CagA-positive (2.00+/-3.43 [mean+/-SD] mg/dL) and CagA-negative (1.31+/-1.72 [mean+/-SD] mg/dL) patients (P=0.072, Mann-Whitney U test).The association between H pylori and acute cerebrovascular disease seems to be due to a higher prevalence of more virulent H pylori strains in patients with atherosclerotic stroke.
Facial diplegia: cranial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Authors: Eng-King Tan, Shih-Hui Lim, Meng-Cheong Wong, Ling-Ling Chan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1999)

A Chinese woman aged 69 with a history of ischaemic heart disease with atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidaemia and recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus, reported sudden onset of drooling of saliva from both angles of her mouth and inability to smile. There was no complaint of difficulty in swallowing, visual disturbance, giddiness, limb weakness or numbness, or urinary or bowel symptoms. She was in atrial fibrillation with a heart rate 72 /min, without postural hypotension. She was afebrile, and her neck was supple. On neurological examination there was severe bilateral facial weakness; she had lost her nasolabial fold bilaterally and was unable to frown, smile, blow, whistle or close her eyes tightly. There was no ptosis and extraocular movements were full. Both corneal reflexes were absent. Other cranial nerves functioned normally. Power in all limbs was grade 5/5, with normal reflexes except for hyporeflexic ankle jerks bilaterally. Her plantar responses were flexor. Sensory modalities and cerebellar function were normal. Blood counts and cultures, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test and antinuclear antibody were negative; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, glycosylated haemoglobin and chest Xray were within normal limits. Computed tomographic scanning of the head showed old lacunar infarcts in the right frontal region and left coronal radiata. Tensilon test and repetitive stimulation tests were negative for myasthenia gravis. Blink reflex in both eyes showed absent ipsilateral RI and R2 and contralateral R2 responses. On nerve conduction testing of the facial nerves there was bilateral prolongation of the latencies (right
Isolation by cell-column chromatography of immunoglobulins specific for cell surface carbohydrates.
Authors: B A Sela, G M Edelman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

A new method of affinity chromatography using glutaraldehyde-fixed cells immobilized on Sephadex beads has been used to isolate immunoglobulins (Ig's) specific for cell surface glycoproteins. Ig's that specifically bound and agglutinated the same cells as those originally fixed on the columns were isolated from nonimmune sera of various species. Periodate treatment of the cell-columns and the free cells destroyed their ability to bind the Ig's, and the binding of the Ig's to untreated cells was inhibited by monosaccharides such as D-galactose and sialic acid. The binding of antibodies directed against cell surfaces obtained by immunizing animals with the same mouse tumor cell lines used on the columns (P388 and EL4) was not inhibited by various saccharides. Surface glycoproteins obtained from the mouse tumor cells by immunoprecipitation with the column-isolated Ig's yielded specific electrophoretic patterns that differed from those obtained using Ig's from the sera of rabbits immunized with the tumor cells. The data suggest that the Ig's isolated by cell-column chromatography were directed against carbohydrates, probably those in terminal positions of the polysaccharide portions of the tumor cell surface glycoproteins. Column-isolated Ig's specific for carbohydrates were also useful in studies of cell interactions in nonmammalian systems including Dictyostelium discoideum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cell-column method appears to be adaptable to the isolation of a variety of molecules in addition to antibodies.
Outcome of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in a Population-Based Study
Authors: R. Sacha Bhatia, Jack V. Tu, Douglas S. Lee, Peter C. Austin, Jiming Fang, Annick Haouzi, Yanyan Gong, Peter P. Liu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The importance of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is increasingly recognized. We conducted a study to evaluate the epidemiologic features and outcomes of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and to compare the findings with those from patients who had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Regional distribution of asthma‐related hospital treatment periods in Finland in 1972–86
Authors: T. Tuuponen, T. Keistinen, S.‐L. Kivelä
Journal: Allergy (1993)

We examined the use of asthma‐related hospital services in geographically different areas of Finland in 1972–86, using data obtained from hospital discharge registers. A total of 254402 cases diagnosed as asthma was identified (diagnosis 493, International Classification of Diseases, 8th Revision ), information on the patient's place of residence enabling comparison of the southern, western, eastern, and northern parts of the country. Annual hospitalizations and the occurrence of new cases were calculated relative to the population, the former being found to increase throughout the country during the period studied, the most marked rise being 8.8% in Northern Finland (95% confidence interval 6.4–11.3%), and the smallest, 1.1%, in Western Finland (−0.2 to +2.5). A corresponding trend was also noted in the annual occurrence of new cases, which increased most in Northern Finland, i.e. by 4.8% (3.0–6.6), and decreased in Western Finland by 2.9% (– 3.6 to –2.1). The change in asthma and the organization of treatment and factors related to the cold environment may, in combination, contribute to difficulties in the treatment of asthma in Northern Finland.
ACC/AHA 2006 Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary
Authors: Robert O. Bonow, Blase A. Carabello, Kanu Chatterjee, Antonio C. de Leon, David P. Faxon, Michael D. Freed, William H. Gaasch, Bruce Whitney Lytle, Rick A. Nishimura, Patrick T. O’Gara, Robert A. O’Rourke, Catherine M. Otto, Pravin M. Shah, Jack S. Shanewise, Sidney C. Smith, Alice K. Jacobs, Cynthia D. Adams, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Elliott M. Antman, David P. Faxon, Valentin Fuster, Jonathan L. Halperin, Loren F. Hiratzka, Sharon A. Hunt, Bruce W. Lytle, Rick Nishimura, Richard L. Page, Barbara Riegel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Pulmonary infarction from central venous air embolism mimicking round pneumonia
Authors: S-C Ku, Y-F Wei, L-C Lin
Journal: Thorax (2007)

A 49-year-old man was diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy after presenting with congestive heart failure since 1995. He experienced a flare-up of symptoms after an upper respiratory tract infection 1 week before admission to the coronary care unit (CCU). His dyspnoea improved after treatment with diuretics and inotropes. On day 4 in the CCU he developed a urinary tract infection complicated by septic shock. A central venous catheter (CVC) …
Auricular Fibrillation Induced and Maintained in Animals by Acetylcholine or Vagal Stimulation
Authors: TED A. LOOMIS, STEPHEN KROP
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Animals pretreated with appropriate doses of anticholinesterase agents develop auricular flutter and fibrillation following injection of acetylcholine or vagal stimulation. Depression of normal sinoauricular nodal function facilitates induction of fibrillation. During fibrillation, additional injections of acetylcholine, or vagal stimulation, increase the rate of fibrillation. Atropine in small doses reverts the fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm.
Pre-Transplant Toxoplasma gondiiSeropositivity Among Heart Transplant Recipients Is Associated With an Increased Risk of All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality
Authors: Satish Arora, Pål A. Jenum, Pål Aukrust, Halvor Rollag, Arne K. Andreassen, Svein Simonsen, Einar Gude, Arnt E. Fiane, Odd Geiran, Lars Gullestad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Demographic change is likely to affect ophthalmology and cardiovascular surgery the most
Authors: R. Robson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Population changes over the next 20 years, including a higher proportion of elderly people, will substantially increase the costs of doctors' services.

But there will be wide variations between countries, and costs in some specialties will increase much more than in others, according to researchers who have investigated the effects of population changes on the likely costs of doctors' services over the next 20 and 40 years in 15 countries ( Journal of Health Economics 2002;21:781-803).

The report says, “Population ageing is common throughout the industrialised world. Every aspect of the health care system is affected in …