tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Massive haemoptysis caused by congenital absence of a segment of inferior vena cava.
Authors: M H Ashour, S K Jain, K M Kattan, A K el-Bakry, M Khoshim, F M Mesahel
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Abstract A patient with congenital absence of a part of the inferior vena cava is described. This resulted in spontaneous rupture of a bronchial vein leading to massive haemoptysis.
Cetuximab as Second-Line Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Southwest Oncology Group Study (S0415)
Authors: Philip J. Gold, Bryan Goldman, Syma Iqbal, Lawrence P. Leichman, Wu Zhang, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Charles D. Blanke
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Abstract 4289: Using the right tools: A catalog of ovarian cancer cell lines by subtype
Authors: Michael S. Anglesio, Karen E. Sheppard, Clara M. Salamanca, Christine Chow, Rick B. Pearson, Yuzhuo Wang, Martin Kobel, Blake Gilks, Steve E. Kalloger, David G. Huntsman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ovarian cancer cell lines provide an important tool in exploring disease phenotypes and biology. Within the spectrum of ovarian epithelial cancers at least five histologically distinguishable unique diseases exist: high-grade serous, clear cell, endometrioid, mucinous, and low-grade serous. While sharing a common site of presentation, these ovarian cancer types exhibit distinct genomic signatures, clinical characteristics and treatment responses. Thus, the critical interpretation of the results of cell based experiments performed in in-vitro and in-vivo model systems of ovarian cancer first requires characterization of the disease subtype each model represents. Our group has recently used a minimal panel of nine immunohistochemical (IHC) markers, termed “COSP” (Calculator for Ovarian carcinoma Subtype Prediction), to predict each ovarian cancer type. Application of COSP has suggested that as many as 19% of primary ovarian cancer samples may be misclassified prior to an expert review. Commonly used cell lines are rarely classified into ovarian cancer types, confounding interpretation of results and potentially delaying transition of basic research to clinically relevant application. We now apply COSP for typing commonly used ovarian cancer cell lines, as well as in-house derived xenografts, and primary culture models. The COSP immuno-predictive tool is combined with molecular and mutational data to support each cell line's subtype prediction while primary tumour types are compared to their derivative cell lines. We now present an extensive panel of accurately classified ovarian cancer cell lines to facilitate disease specific analysis of the biology of ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4289. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4289
Blood culture is poor method of confirming pneumococcus as cause of childhood pneumonia
Authors: H. Clements, T. J Stephenson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—S K Obaro and colleagues suggest that culture of pneumococci is a reliable method of diagnosis in pneumococcal pneumonia.1 A recent audit of the investigation and treatment of community acquired pneumonia carried out in our department has shown that the investigation of children is difficult and the diagnostic yield of current tests is low.

In a …
Book: Debating Matters. Designer Babies: Where Should We Draw the Line?
Authors: S. W G Derbyshire
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Ed Ellie Lee Hodder and Stoughton, £5.99, pp 81 ISBN 0 340 84835 9 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> On 29 August 2000, Adam Nash was born in Colorado. What made Adam different from the billions of baby boys born previously was the selection of Adam from a range of embryos ensuring he would be free from the gene fault that causes Fanconi's anaemia, which affected his sister Molly. To survive, Molly needed a successful bone marrow transplant and her parents were informed that the odds of success … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Eyes Without a Face
Authors: Brian Glasser
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Eyes Without A Face boasts many staple ingredients of the horror film: an old dark house, a pretty female victim (or four), and an evil genius doctor (and a sidekick with a spoiled identity). Yet this film is the antithesis of dismissible. From the subtly disconcerting opening credits to the surreal final shot, the director, Georges Franju, draws the viewer into a cinematic liminal space where lyricism, cruelty, misery, agonised ambivalence, and tenderness comingle with a grand guignol horror.

The plot is simple, though its components are not: the pre-eminent surgeon Dr Genessier has crashed his …
Mission Critical — Integrating Clinician-Educators into Academic Medical Centers
Authors: W Levinson, A Rubenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The mission of academic medical centers typically includes three distinct goals: providing patient care, educating future doctors, and acquiring new medical knowledge.1 Academic medical centers seek excellence in each of the three areas to distinguish themselves as outstanding in the local community, region, and nation. Although the mission statements of most academic medical centers do not point to one of these goals as more important than the others, we believe that the research goal has predominated during the past three decades, as evidenced by reward and promotion systems that are heavily weighted toward research. As academic medical centers rapidly expanded . . .
The Mechanism of Hypophosphatemia in Acute Heat Stroke
Authors: James P. Knochel
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Severe heat stroke may be associated with hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemia. Hypophosphatemia is generally observed within hours after onset, but hypocalcemia usually occurs on the second or third day, and after hypophosphatemia has undergone spontaneous correction. A young man displayed respiratory alkalosis during the course of severe heat stroke. The hypophosphatemia abated spontaneously as metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure supervened. Hypocalcemia became prominent and was more severe than that ascribable to uremia. Hypocalcemia was probably the result of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate deposition in injured skeletal muscle. (<i>JAMA</i>238:425-426, 1977)
Postoperative Evaluation of Mitral Valve Function in Ostium Primum Defect with Cleft Mitral Valve (Partial Form of Atrioventricular Canal)
Authors: SYLVIA P. GRIFFITHS, KENT ELLIS, JOHN O. BURRIS, SIDNEY BUMENTHAL, FREDERICK O. BOWMAN, JAMES R. MALM
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Postoperative cardiovascular studies were carried out in eight patients with ostium primum defect and cleft mitral valve. Apical systolic murmurs were present in all patients, but in seven of them no mitral regurgitation was detected by pulmonary wedge pressure and left ventricular angiography. Surgical repair of the cleft anterior leaflet without resection of subjacent chordae tendineae, as performed in these patients, usually results in a competent mitral valve. Postoperative angiograms showed persistence of the characteristic preoperative deformity of the medial border of the left ventricular outflow tract especially in systole. As illustrated in one of these patients, subaortic obstruction occasionally complicates abnormalities of the atrioventricular valves.
Influence of hypertonic mannitol on regional myocardial blood flow and ventricular performance in awake, intact dogs with prolonged coronary artery occlusion
Authors: I. HUTTON, G. C. CURRY, G. H. TEMPLETON, J. T. WILLERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article Influence of hypertonic mannitol on regional myocardial blood flow and ventricular performance in awake, intact dogs with prolonged coronary artery occlusion Get access IAN HUTTON, IAN HUTTON From the Pauline and Adolph Weinberger Laboratory for Cardiopulmonary Research of the Department of Internal Medicine, the Department of Radiology, and the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, Texas 75235, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GEORGE C. CURRY, GEORGE C. CURRY From the Pauline and Adolph Weinberger Laboratory for Cardiopulmonary Research of the Department of Internal Medicine, the Department of Radiology, and the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, Texas 75235, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GORDON H. TEMPLETON, GORDON H. TEMPLETON From the Pauline and Adolph Weinberger Laboratory for Cardiopulmonary Research of the Department of Internal Medicine, the Department of Radiology, and the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, Texas 75235, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES T. WILLERSON JAMES T. WILLERSON From the Pauline and Adolph Weinberger Laboratory for Cardiopulmonary Research of the Department of Internal Medicine, the Department of Radiology, and the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas, Texas 75235, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 3, May 1975, Pages 409–419, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.3.409 Published: 01 May 1975
P1138 EFFECTS OF SERUM 25(OH)D3 LEVELS ON TREATMENT RESPONSE TO TELAPREVIR/PEGYLATED-INTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN COMBINATION THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: A. Nakagawa, M. Atsukawa, N. Shimada, A. Tsubota, H. Abe, C. Kondo, N. Itokawa, K. Kato, K. Iwakiri, C. Kawamoto, Y. Aizawa, C. Sakamoto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Considerations for evaluating ultraviolet radiation-induced genetic damage relative to Antarctic ozone depletion.
Authors: D Karentz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Springtime ozone depletion over the Antarctic results in increased UVB in local marine environments. It has been established that decreases in primary productivity occur with decreases in ozone concentrations, but the impact of increased UVB on the functioning and stability of the ecosystem has not yet been determined. Very little has been done to evaluate the potential for genetic damage caused by the increase in UVB, and this type of damage is most significant relative to the fitness and maintenance of populations. An essential problem in evaluating genotoxic effects is the lack of appropriate techniques to sample and quantify genetic damage in field populations under ambient UVB levels. In addition, it is currently not feasible to estimate exposure levels for organisms in their natural habitats.
Clunis inquiry cites "catalogue of failure"
Authors: C Court
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Zinc plays an important role in synaptic function in the brain. Zinc is present in synaptic vesicles, is released with neuronal activity, and provides modulation of different neurotransmitter systems. Zinc altered characteristics of the dopamine uptake complex in rat caudate-putamen. The density of the dopamine uptake complex labeled with [3H]GBR 12935 (0.25 nM) was increased by up to 215% in the presence of zinc (10 microM), compared with control. Augmentation of binding occurred with concentrations of zinc from 0.5 to 100 microM. This effect on the dopamine uptake complex was due to a 65% decrease in the equilibrium dissociation constant for [3H]GBR 12935 without a significant change in the total number of binding sites. The presence of exogenous zinc (50 microM) increased the percentage of high affinity sites for cocaine from 73 +/- 4% to 90 +/- 1% and decreased the high affinity constant from 2250 +/- 880 nM to 890 +/- 150 nM. Similar effects of zinc occurred with the cocaine congener 2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(fluorophenyl)tropane. Zinc inhibited dopamine uptake into synaptosomes at concentrations from 0.5 to 100 microM. Zinc (0.5 and 1 microM) augmented cocaine inhibition of uptake by 58-79%. Modulation of drug binding to the dopamine uptake complex is another role for zinc in the central nervous system. Sulfhydryl oxidation of the dopamine uptake complex by certain metal cations (Cu2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+) or N-methylmaleimide reduced binding of [3H]GBR 12935 to the dopamine uptake complex. The sulfhydryl oxidation by N-methylmaleimide was blocked by coincubation with dithiothreitol and dopamine uptake blockers. These data support the existence of a sulfhydryl group involved in binding of uptake blockers to the dopamine uptake complex.
Effect of betamethasone and betamethasone with neomycin nasal drops on human nasal mucociliary clearance and ciliary beat frequency.
Authors: P J Stanley, W M Griffin, R Wilson, M A Greenstone, I S Mackay, P J Cole
Journal: Thorax (1985)

The effects of two topical nasal preparations on human nasal ciliary beat frequency in vitro and on nasal mucociliary clearance in vivo were investigated. Betamethasone and betamethasone with neomycin drops were found to be ciliotoxic when ciliated epithelium was exposed to them in vitro, mainly owing to the effects of the preservatives benzalkonium chloride and thiomersal. The nasal mucociliary clearance and in vitro ciliary beat frequency of nasal ciliated epithelium taken from healthy subjects were not adversely affected after topical application; neither did treatment with betamethasone, with or without neomycin, for four weeks affect these indices in two groups of patients with rhinitis. Thus, despite a ciliotoxic effect when ciliated epithelium is exposed to these preparations in vitro, they do not affect nasal clearance or ciliary beat frequency (as measured in vitro) adversely when administered topically to the nose.
Comparison of Everolimus-Eluting and Sirolimus-Eluting Coronary Stents
Authors: Takeshi Kimura, Takeshi Morimoto, Masahiro Natsuaki, Hiroki Shiomi, Keiichi Igarashi, Kazushige Kadota, Kengo Tanabe, Yoshihiro Morino, Takashi Akasaka, Yoshiki Takatsu, Hideo Nishikawa, Yoshito Yamamoto, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Yasuhiko Hayashi, Masashi Iwabuchi, Hisashi Umeda, Kazuya Kawai, Hisayuki Okada, Kazuo Kimura, Charles A. Simonton, Ken Kozuma
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Several recent randomized trials comparing everolimus-eluting stent (EES) and sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) reported similar outcomes. However, only 1 trial was powered for a clinical end point, and no trial was powered for evaluating target-lesion revascularization. Methods and Results— Randomized Evaluation of Sirolimus-eluting versus Everolimus-eluting stent Trial is a prospective multicenter randomized open-label trial comparing EES with SES in Japan. The trial was powered for evaluating noninferiority of EES relative to SES in terms of target-lesion revascularization. From February and July 2010, 3197 patients were randomly assigned to receive either EES (1597 patients) or SES (1600 patients). At 1 year, the primary efficacy end point of target-lesion revascularization occurred in 65 patients (4.3%) in the EES group and in 76 patients (5.0%) in the SES group, demonstrating noninferiority of EES to SES ( P noninferiority &lt;0.0001, and P superiority =0.34). Cumulative incidence of definite stent thrombosis was low and similar between the 2 groups (0.32% versus 0.38%, P =0.77). An angiographic substudy enrolling 571 patients (EES, 285 patients and SES, 286 patients) demonstrated noninferiority of EES relative to SES regarding the primary angiographic end point of in-segment late loss (0.06±0.37 mm versus 0.02±0.46 mm, P noninferiority &lt;0.0001, and P superiority =0.24) at 278±63 days after index stent implantation. Conclusions— One-year clinical and angiographic outcome after EES implantation was noninferior to and not different from that after SES implantation in a stable coronary artery disease population with relatively less complex coronary anatomy. One-year clinical outcome after both EES and SES use was excellent with a low rate of target-lesion revascularization and a very low rate of stent thrombosis. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01035450.
Novel type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (GA101) evokes homotypic adhesion and actin-dependent, lysosome-mediated cell death in B-cell malignancies
Authors: Waleed Alduaij, Andrei Ivanov, Jamie Honeychurch, Eleanor J. Cheadle, Sandeep Potluri, Sean H. Lim, Kazuyuki Shimada, Claude H. T. Chan, Alison Tutt, Stephen A. Beers, Martin J. Glennie, Mark S. Cragg, Tim M. Illidge
Journal: Blood (2011)
Melanoma adapts to RAF/MEK inhibitors through FOXD3-mediated upregulation of ERBB3
Authors: Ethan V. Abel, Kevin J. Basile, Curtis H. Kugel, Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz, Kaitlyn Le, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Giorgos C. Karakousis, Xiaowei Xu, Wei Xu, Lynn M. Schuchter, Jason B. Lee, Adam Ertel, Paolo Fortina, Andrew E. Aplin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The mechanisms underlying adaptive resistance of melanoma to targeted therapies remain unclear. By combining ChIP sequencing with microarray-based gene profiling, we determined that ERBB3 is upregulated by FOXD3, a transcription factor that promotes resistance to RAF inhibitors in melanoma. Enhanced ERBB3 signaling promoted resistance to RAF pathway inhibitors in cultured melanoma cell lines and in mouse xenograft models. ERBB3 signaling was dependent on ERBB2; targeting ERBB2 with lapatinib in combination with the RAF inhibitor PLX4720 reduced tumor burden and extended latency of tumor regrowth in vivo versus PLX4720 alone. These results suggest that enhanced ERBB3 signaling may serve as a mechanism of adaptive resistance to RAF and MEK inhibitors in melanoma and that cotargeting this pathway may enhance the clinical efficacy and extend the therapeutic duration of RAF inhibitors.
Physiological Distribution of Digoxin in Human Heart
Authors: D. J. Coltart, H. G. Gullner, M. Billingham, R. H. Goldman, E. B. Stinson, S. M. Kalman, D. C. Harrison
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Using the recipient's human heart removed at cardiac transplantation, the distribution of digoxin at both the cellular and subcellular level has been studied. In the presence of diffuse histological myocardial abnormalities tissue digoxin is decreased, but the subcellular distribution, presumably reflecting binding to a possible receptor site, is uniform. When the histological abnormality is focal then digoxin distribution is uniform. These results suggest that in the presence of myocardial ischaemia plasma digoxin concentrations may not reflect total myocardial levels accurately.
We must unite against health law that threatens medical neutrality in Turkey
Authors: V. Iacopino
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Our fears of an assault on medical neutrality by the Turkish government have been realised. The article of the draft health law referred to in our BMJ editorial would criminalise the delivery of emergency medical care to everyone in need, not only demonstrators.1 The mere presence of ambulances would be considered grounds to prevent emergency medical care by competent independent …
Oral Contraceptive Use Before Pregnancy and Respiratory Outcomes in the Offspring: Comparison of Estrogen-Progestin Combined Pills and Progestin-Only Pills
Authors: D.B. Hancock, S.E. Haberg, K. Furu, K.W. Whitworth, P. Nafstad, W. Nystad, S.J. London
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Activation of TRPV1 reduces vascular lipid accumulation and attenuates atherosclerosis
Authors: Liqun Ma, Jian Zhong, Zhigang Zhao, Zhidan Luo, Shuangtao Ma, Jing Sun, Hongbo He, Tianqi Zhu, Daoyan Liu, Zhiming Zhu, Martin Tepel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels may affect lipid storage and the cellular inflammatory response. Now, we tested the hypothesis that activation of TRPV1 channels attenuates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE−/−) but not ApoE−/−TRPV1−/− double knockout mice on a high-fat diet. Both TRPV1 mRNA and protein expression were identified in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and in aorta from C57BL/6J mice using RT–PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, activation of TRPV1 by the specific agonists capsaicin and resiniferatoxin dose-dependently increased cytosolic calcium and significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids in VSMC from C57BL/6J mice but not from TRPV1−/− mice. TRPV1 activation increased ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression and reduced low-density lipoprotein-related protein 1 (LRP1) expression in VSMC by calcium-dependent and calcineurin- and protein kinase A-dependent mechanisms. These results showed increased cellular cholesterol efflux and reduced cholesterol uptake. In vivo, long-term activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin for 24 weeks increased ABCA1 and reduced LRP1 expression in aorta from ApoE−/− mice on a high-fat diet. Long-term activation of TRPV1 significantly reduced lipid storage and atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus and in the thoracoabdominal aorta from ApoE−/− mice but not from ApoE−/−TRPV1−/− mice on a high-fat diet. These findings indicated that TRPV1 activation ameliorates high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. Activation of TRPV1 may be a novel therapeutic tool to attenuate atherosclerosis caused by a high-fat diet.
How Internists Learned About Cimetidine
Authors: PHIL R. MANNING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We surveyed 449 general internists to determine how they first heard about, learned the clinical principles of usage of, and gained update information on Cimetidine. Fifty-six percent of those responding named two or more sources for learning how to use Cimetidine, and 59% named two or more sources for updating their knowledge. Medical journals were the single most popular source of information in all stages of learning; the next commonest sources were continuing medical education programs and discussion with colleagues, followed by Medical Letter, pharmaceutical company representatives, and hospital rounds. The importance of individual learning should not be overlooked by medical educators in attempts to improve continuing medical education.
Oestrogens in Oophorectomized Women
Authors: J. M. Aitken, D. M. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The authors write in response to the paper by Dr. S. Gow and Professor I. MacGillivray on the side effects of low dose synthetic estrogen therapy in oophorectomized women.  They mention their own experience with thromboembolic events complicating mestranol therapy for menopausal osteoporosis.  100 women (mean age 50) received either 20-40 mcg mestranol/day or a placebo for an average of 12 months and to date none of the 50 women given mestranol have had thromboembolic complications.  It is concluded that the dogmatic statement that the gravity of the adverse effects far outweighs any beneficial ones and precludes the use of mestranol alone for long-term hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women is of dubious  authenticity.
PSYCHIATRIC TESTIMONY IN MILITARY COURTS
Authors: ROBERT L. SADOFF, DONALD J. COLLINS, WILLIAM J. KEELER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

A questionnaire, tapping attitudes and opinions of military psychiatrists and attorneys in the area of psychiatric testimony in military courts and specifically on the issue of responsibility, is presented and responses were analyzed. Difficulties in communication between lawyers and doctors on the issue of psychiatric testimony are reflected in the issue of mental responsibility and the role of the expert witness. Suggestions for resolving the difficulties involved are presented. It is felt the military provides an atmosphere conducive to the resolution of these interdisciplinary problems.
The stress-regulated protein p8 mediates cannabinoid-induced apoptosis of tumor cells
Authors: Arkaitz Carracedo, Mar Lorente, Ainara Egia, Cristina Blázquez, Stephane García, Valentin Giroux, Cedric Malicet, Raquel Villuendas, Meritxell Gironella, Luis González-Feria, Miguel Ángel Piris, Juan L. Iovanna, Manuel Guzmán, Guillermo Velasco
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)