tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medicare Quality Improvement
Authors: David C. Hsia
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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Fever and haemoptysis in an injecting drug user
Authors: L. K. K. Tan, D. J. Powrie, R. Rowland, I. Cropley, M. Lipman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

CASE REPORTA 46-yr-old injecting drug user was admitted with a history of repeated haemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain and fevers.He had a neutrophilia and elevated C-reactive protein.A pulmonary embolus was diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography and he was treated with low molecular weight heparin.He received i.v.antibiotics (flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, gentamicin and metronidazole) for polymicrobial bacteraemia (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, viridans type Streptococcus) caused by a right groin abscess, which was subsequently incised and drained, and was associated with iliofemoral thrombosis.No valvular vegetation was seen on transthoracic or subsequent transoesophageal echocardiogram.
Anti–Heat Shock Protein 27 Antibody Levels and Diabetes Complications in the EURODIAB Study
Authors: Davina Burt, Graziella Bruno, Nish Chaturvedi, Casper Schalkwijk, Coen D. Stehouwer, Daniel R. Witte, John H. Fuller, Silvia Pinach, Paolo Cavallo Perin, Gabriella Gruden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE To assess whether serum anti–heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) antibody levels are associated with micro- and macrovascular complications of type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Anti-HSP27 IgG antibody levels were measured in 531 type 1 diabetic subjects recruited as part of the cross-sectional analysis of the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Case subjects (n = 363) were defined as individuals with one or more diabetes complications and control subjects (n = 168) as individuals with no evidence of any diabetes complication. RESULTS Anti-HSP27 levels were comparable in case and control subjects (19.6 arbitrary units/ml [11.3–32.7] vs. 20.4 arbitrary units/ml [11.7–35.3], geometric mean [interquartile range]), and there was no correlation between HSP27 and anti-HSP27 levels (r = 0.01, P = 0.81). In logistic regression analysis, anti-HSP27 was not associated with the presence of complications, even after adjustment for main risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Anti-HSP27 antibody levels are not a marker of vascular complications in type 1 diabetes.
c-Cbl Interacts with CD38 and Promotes Retinoic Acid–Induced Differentiation and G0 Arrest of Human Myeloblastic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Miaoqing Shen, Andrew Yen
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Retinoic acid (RA) is known to regulate cell growth and differentiation. In HL-60 human myeloblastic leukemia cells, it causes mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling leading to myeloid differentiation and G0 cell cycle arrest. This communication reports that expression of the Cbl adaptor caused enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 activation and promoted RA-induced differentiation and G0-arrest. Stable transfectants ectopically expressing c-Cbl underwent myeloid differentiation faster than wild-type (wt) cells when treated with RA. In contrast, c-Cbl knockdown stable transfectants differentiated slower than wt cells when treated with RA. Cells ectopically expressing c-Cbl had enhanced CD38 expression when treated with RA, and cells ectopically expressing CD38 had enhanced c-Cbl expression, even without with RA, suggesting an interaction between c-Cbl and CD38. Fluorescence resource energy transfer and coimmunoprecipitation showed that c-Cbl and CD38 bind each other. RA causes the gradual down-regulation and eventual loss of c-Cbl expression, resulting in loss of the Cbl-CD38 interaction, suggesting that c-Cbl plays a relatively early role in promoting RA-induced differentiation. RA-induced differentiation can thus be propelled by c-Cbl and by CD38, both of which bind together, enhance the expression of each other, and cause MAPK signaling. There thus seems to be a cooperative role for c-Cbl and CD38, reflected in their direct binding, in propulsion of RA-induced differentiation. [Cancer Res 2008;68(21):8761–9]
Vaccination with Irradiated Tumor Cells Pulsed with an Adjuvant That Stimulates NKT Cells Is an Effective Treatment for Glioma
Authors: Martin K. Hunn, Kathryn J. Farrand, Kate W.R. Broadley, Robert Weinkove, Peter Ferguson, Rose J. Miller, Cameron S. Field, Troels Petersen, Melanie J. McConnell, Ian F. Hermans
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

The prognosis for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains extremely poor despite recent treatment advances. There is an urgent need to develop novel therapies for this disease.We used the implantable GL261 murine glioma model to investigate the therapeutic potential of a vaccine consisting of intravenous injection of irradiated whole tumor cells pulsed with the immuno-adjuvant α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer).Vaccine treatment alone was highly effective in a prophylactic setting. In a more stringent therapeutic setting, administration of one dose of vaccine combined with depletion of regulatory T cells (Treg) resulted in 43% long-term survival and the disappearance of mass lesions detected by MRI. Mechanistically, the α-GalCer component was shown to act by stimulating "invariant" natural killer-like T cells (iNKT cells) in a CD1d-restricted manner, which in turn supported the development of a CD4(+) T-cell-mediated adaptive immune response. Pulsing α-GalCer onto tumor cells avoided the profound iNKT cell anergy induced by free α-GalCer. To investigate the potential for clinical application of this vaccine, the number and function of iNKT cells was assessed in patients with GBM and shown to be similar to age-matched healthy volunteers. Furthermore, irradiated GBM tumor cells pulsed with α-GalCer were able to stimulate iNKT cells and augment a T-cell response in vitro.Injection of irradiated tumor cells loaded with α-GalCer is a simple procedure that could provide effective immunotherapy for patients with high-grade glioma.
Effect of thyroid hormone on slow calcium channel function in cultured chick ventricular cells.
Authors: D Kim, T W Smith, J D Marsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The hyperthyroid state is associated with increased myocardial contractility. To clarify responsible mechanisms, we examined the effects of thyroid hormone on slow Ca channels, beta-adrenergic receptors, transsarcolemmal 45Ca flux and cytosolic free calcium in cultured chick ventricular cells. Compared with cells grown without triiodothyronine (T3), cells grown in 10 nM T3 possessed 67% (P less than 0.05) more dihydropyridine 3H-PN200-110 binding sites, 24% (P less than 0.05) more beta-adrenergic antagonist 3H-CGP12177 binding sites, a 57% (P less than 0.05) greater nifedipine-sensitive initial 45Ca uptake rate, and a 31% (P less than 0.05) greater nifedipine-sensitive 45Ca uptake rate in response to BAY k 8644. Time-averaged mean intracellular free Ca concentration ([Ca]i) measured with fura-2, total protein content, and dissociation constant values for 3H-PN200-110 or 3H-CGP12177 binding was not significantly different in the two groups of cells. BAY k 8644 (1 microM) increased mean [Ca]i 2.85- or 2.16-fold in cells grown with or without 10 nM T3, respectively. l-Isoproterenol (1 microM) increased [Ca]i 1.53- or 1.28-fold in cells grown with or without 10 nM T3, respectively. We conclude that thyroid hormone augments transsarcolemmal Ca influx, at least in part via slow Ca channels associated with increased numbers of these channels. T3-treated cells appear to be more responsive to the effects of BAY k 8644 or isoproterenol on [Ca]i.
Adhesion-related hospital readmissions after abdominal and pelvic surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Harold Ellis, Brendan J Moran, Jeremy N Thompson, Michael C Parker, Malcolm S Wilson, Don Menzies, Alistair McGuire, Adrian M Lower, Robert JS Hawthorn, Fiona O'Brien, Scot Buchan, Alison M Crowe
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Is psychiatry a religion?
Authors: Rob Whitley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2008)

In the 19th century, Matthew Arnold famously wrote of the ‘melancholy long withdrawing roar of the sea of faith’.1 This referred to the decline of Christian belief and the influence of Christian institutions in the day-to-day life of European societies. Such a decline was predicted by the enlightenment, which promised the triumph of rational science over religious superstition.2 Predictions of the demise of religion have been somewhat validated by the course of history. Fewer people are attending religious services, religious institutions have lost much of their influence on the masses, and religious views are frequently mocked and vilified as archaic delusions more suited to a dark and distant past.3,4 GK Chesterton famously remarked that when people stop believing in God, they start believing in anything. This begs a simple question – is there a lay replacement for religion in contemporary societies? Is there any comparable system of beliefs, behaviours and attitudes that stands as a binding doctrine held ‘true’ by the populace at large? Is there any such comparable system marked by a proselytizing zeal and enthusiastic sense of mission? In this essay, I argue that psychiatry, and its handmaiden, clinical psychology, now constitutes an amorphous system of beliefs, behaviors and attitudes whose functions and doctrines are unsettlingly similar to those held by conventional religions. Are psychiatrists the new priests? Are clinics the new confessionals? Are pills the new prayer? Read on to learn that now may be the time to proudly add ‘psychiatry’ to the pantheon of world religions.
FURTHER REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF HIGH EXPLOSIVES ON THE EAR
Authors: J. G. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1917)

versely at the lower part of the popliteal space.The calf was swollen and tense; no pulse at ankle; foot cold and white.Operation (November 4th, 4 p.m.).-Popliteal space opened up in its whole extent through an internal incisioni.Remains of inner head of the gastrocnenmius cut through.Damaged saphenous vein tied above and( below.Both vessels found torn for about onie inich.The popliteal vein was ligatured just above the entry of the short saphenous veiii.lesult.-OnNovember 5th the foot was warm, pink in colour, sensation present.The three following days gangrene threatened; the foot was purple and oedematous, but there was still some slow circulation.From the 9th to the 14th there waVs gradual improvemenit; the foot was pink againi, though oedema persisted.The patienit was evacuated on Novenmber 26th with the circulationi apparenitly re-establislhed in foot and leg.J3anuary 1st, 1917.Letter from patient's brother: "Leg doing well, but patient very ill from septic poisoning."Janiuary 20th.Amputationi for sepsis in calf.Details supplied by officer commandinjg No. 3 A.G.H., Brighton." Foot becom- ing white and bloodless."CASE II.Cpl. B. Admitted December 4th, 1916, 11 a.m., with wound of left popliteal vessels.OIn admission there was a wound over the lower end of the posterior aspect of the thigh.Calf swollen; foot cold and pulseless.Operation (2 p.m.).-Wound entering popliteal space; opened by dorsal incisioni.Both vessels torni; sutuTre impossible owing to laceration; tied above and below.Wound drained a.nd closed.?esult.--Uneventful convalescenice.Condition of -foot never gave rise to anxiety.No oedema.Sent clown after three weeks; no pulse to be felt at anikle.Three months later: " Foot in perfect condition."CASE IHI.
Is cancer associated with polymyalgia rheumatica? A cohort study in the General Practice Research Database
Authors: Sara Muller, Samantha L Hider, John Belcher, Toby Helliwell, Christian D Mallen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the incidence of new cancer diagnoses in a community sample of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). <h3>Methods</h3> All incident cases of PMR in the UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD) (1987–99), without pre-existing cancer or vascular disease and treated with corticosteroids (n=2877) were matched with up to five age, sex and GP practice patients without PMR (n=9942). Participants were followed up until first cancer diagnosis, death, transfer out of the database or end of available records. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age of the sample was 71.6 years (SD 9.0), 73% were female. Median follow-up time was 7.8 years (IQR 3.4, 12.3). 667 (23.2%) people with a PMR diagnosis developed cancer compared with 1938 (19.5%) of those without PMR. There was an interaction between PMR status and time. In the first 6 months after diagnosis, those with a PMR diagnosis were significantly more likely to receive a cancer diagnosis (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.69 (1.18 to 2.42)). The number of events was small, but occurrences of prostate, blood, lymph nodes, female reproductive and nervous system cancers may be more common in those with PMR in the first 6 months after PMR diagnosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> An increase in the rate of cancer diagnoses was noted in the first 6 months of observation, but we were unable to determine whether the cancer incidence in PMR was different from controls, beyond this time point. Clinicians should ensure they fully exclude cancer as a cause of PMR-like symptoms and monitor patients for possible malignancies.
EVIDENCE FOR THE LINKAGE OF THE I<scp>G</scp>CH LOCUS TO A GENE CONTROLLING THE IDIOTYPIC SPECIFICITY OF ANTI-<i>p</i>-AZOPHENYLARSONATE ANTIBODIES IN STRAIN A MICE
Authors: Laura L. Pawlak, Elizabeth B. Mushinski, Alfred Nisonoff, Michael Potter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Anti-p-azophenylarsonate (anti-Ar) antibodies elicited in all strain A/J mice tested share one or more idiotypic specificities. These specificities are also found in the anti-Ar antibodies of mice of the closely related strain, AL/N, but not in those of BALB/c mice. Anti-Ar antibodies were elicited in congenic mice in which the IgC(H) locus of AL/N mice, which controls allotypic markers in the constant regions of heavy chains, had been introgressively backcrossed for nine generations onto a BALB/c background; the mice were then rendered homozygous for the AL/N allotypic determinant. On the average, these antibodies were quantitatively equivalent, with respect to content of the cross-reactive idiotype, to those of AL/N mice. This indicates that the gene controlling the idiotype is closely linked to the IgC(H) locus. Since idiotype must be a function of V region sequences, the results suggest close linkage of V(H) and C(H) genes. The cross-reactive idiotype was found in nearly all F(1) mice (C57/BL x A/J or BALB/c x A/J) tested.
Early morphological Changes Associated With Infection by a Murine Nonthymic Lymphatic Tumor Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Louise S. Rabstein, Adi F. Gazdar, Harish C. Chopra, Herbert T. Abelson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)
IL-1 haplotypes and lung function decline
Authors: J Karjalainen
Journal: Thorax (2002)

We read with interest the paper by Joos et al 1 on the association of IL-1 gene haplotypes with decline in lung function in smokers and share their view on a possible role of IL-1 genetics in inflammatory respiratory diseases. We have analysed the same polymorphism by the same methods in adult incident non-smoking asthmatic patients and non-smoking controls. Our results indicate that the association of IL-1 genetics with rate of decline in lung function is not limited to smokers.

New adult asthma cases and controls were selected from a cohort of the Mini-Finland Health Survey (MFHS) and later re-evaluated. A more detailed description of the methods used in MFHS has been published elsewhere.2 The accuracy of the method of asthma case ascertainment has also recently been described.3 IL-1 haplotypes …
Successful treatment of leukaemia cutis with cladribine in a patient with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: E. Robak, T. Robak, W. Biernat, J. Bartkowiak, E. Krykowski
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary Cutaneous presentation of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is uncommon, and the influence of skin changes on B-CLL prognosis is unclear. We report a patient with B-CLL Rai II, with multiple nodular skin infiltrations on the trunk, upper arms and thighs as well as constitutional symptoms, who was successfully treated with cladribine. The peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes were CD19, CD20, CD23 and CD5 positive, which confirmed the diagnosis of B-CLL. Skin biopsy of one of the lesions showed an intense infiltrate composed of small lymphocytes with no epidermotropism. These cells also showed the expression of CD19, CD20, CD23 and CD5 antigens similar to those presented on PB lymphocytes. Polymerase chain reaction perfomed on bone marrow lymphocytes and a lesional skin biopsy using consensus primers for immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes also showed the same monoclonal population of B lymphocytes both in the bone marrow and in the skin. The patient received four courses of cladribine 0·12 mg kg−1 daily as a 2-h infusion for five consecutive days. The courses were repeated at monthly intervals. The lymphocytosis gradually decreased and the PB count normalized after three courses. At the same time, a significant decrease in the cutaneous symptoms was observed. The patient became free of skin tumours after the fourth course of cladribine; only slight discoloration at the previous sites of cutaneous infiltration remained. There was no relapse of leukaemia cutis during a further 7 months of observation.
Etiological Study of a Lymphosarcoma in a Domestic Rabbit&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Tito R. Ubertini
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

A generalized lymphosarcoma in a domestic rabbit is reported. Despite a systematic search, an oncogenic virus of the C type, like those viruses associated with lymphoid malignancies in rodents, could not be found.
Linkage of Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis With Frontotemporal Dementia to Chromosome 9q21-q22
Authors: Betsy A. Hosler, Teepu Siddique, Peter C. Sapp, Wen Sailor, Michael C. Huang, Anwar Hossain, Jasper R. Daube, Martha Nance, Chaohong Fan, Jocelyn Kaplan, Wu Yen Hung, Diane McKenna-Yasek, Jonathan L. Haines, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, H. Robert Horvitz, Robert H. Brown
Journal: JAMA (2000)

MYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLErosis (ALS) is a progressive disease characterized by degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons.Typically, it develops as a pure motor syndrome.However, in rare cases (probably Ͻ5%) ALS arises concurrently with other neurodegenerative phenotypes such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) 1-3 or other extrapyramidal or cortical and subcortical syndromes. 1While most cases of ALS occur in unrelated individuals (sporadic ALS), familial inheritance is observed in about 10% of cases (FALS). 4nalogously, cases of neurodegenerative overlap syndromes may also arise on a familial basis.Thus, pedigrees have been reported with ALS-FTD 1,5 and with combinations of ALS, Parkinson disease (PD), and dementia. 4,6,7[8][9][10][11] The cause of most cases of ALS is unknown.About 25% of FALS cases are caused by defects in the gene encoding copper-zinc cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1). 12,13To define the pathogenesis of other FALS cases, we conducted genome-wide linkage analysis involving 16 pedigrees.In the course of this screening, we identified a new locus for a subtype of ALS in which, in the same family and often in the same individuals, ALS is conjoined with FTD.
IS THAT POSSIBLE TO RESTORE PRE-INJURY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AFTER ONE-STAGE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AND ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
Authors: Rimtautas Gudas, Laimonas Šiupšinskas
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Purpose to compare the concomitant treatment of the articular cartilage damage (ACD) in the knee with three different articular cartilage procedures at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods between the 2006 and 2009, 102 patients with a mean age of 34.1 years and with an ACL rupture and the articular cartilage damage in the knee were randomized to undergo osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT), microfractures (MF) or debridement (D) at the time of ACL reconstruction. Matched control group was included with 34 patients having intact articular cartilage (IAC) at the time of ACL reconstruction. There were 34 patients in OAT-ACL group, 34 patients in MF-ACL group, 34-D-ACL group and 34-control IAC-ACL group. The mean ACL injury-operation time was 19.32±3.43 months and the mean follow-up was 36.1 months (range from 34 to 37 months). Patients were evaluated using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner activity score and clinical assessment. Results 97 of 102 (95 %) were available for the final follow-up. According to subjective IKDC score, all 4 groups did significantly better at the 3-year follow up than preoperatively (P&lt;0.0000001). OAT–ACL group IKDC Subjective Knee evaluation was significantly better than MF-ACL (p=0.024) and D-ACL (p=0.018). However, IKDC subjective score of IAC-ACL group was significantly better, than OAT-ACL group IKDC evaluation (p=0.043). There was no significant difference between the MF-ACL and D-ACL IKDC subjective scores (p=0.058). Evaluation of manual pivot-shift knee laxity according to IKDC Knee Examination Form revealed similar evaluations for the four groups immediate postoperative and at 3 year follow-up and was normal or nearly normal (IKDC grade A and B) for 29 of 33 patients (88%) with OAT-ACL, 28 of 32 patients (88%) with MF-ACL, 27 of 32 patients (84%) with D-ACL and 31 of 34 patients (91%) with intact IAC-ACL. Conclusions Our study shows that intact articular cartilage during ACL reconstruction gives more favourable IKDC subjective scores compared to any other articular cartilage surgery types. However, if you have an articular defect, there are significantly better subjective IKDC scores for OAT versus microfracture or debridement after a mean period of 3 years. Anterior knee stability results were not significantly affected by the different articular cartilage treatment methods.
Mode of presentation of juvenile diabetes.
Authors: D V Hamilton, S S Mundia, J Lister
Journal: BMJ (1976)

In a study of 66 children with juvenile diabetes symptoms had often present for over a month before diagnosis. Though polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss were the commonest features, other important symptoms included tiredness lethargy, and malaise. A gradual onset of diabetes was commoner than is generally realised.