tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Surgical Pilgrimage
Authors: Owen H. Wangensteen
Journal: JAMA (1968)

What is surgery? Many are inclined to define surgery as a mode of therapy, and, in a sense, every discipline of clinical medicine could be so defined. As medicine emerged from the myths of superstition into an art reflecting insight, interpretability, and understanding, the breadth of medicine enlarged to include probing of the causes of disease as well as the likely outlook of diseased states. When medicine assumed aspects of a science, progress was accelerated by analyzing the successes and failures of past empiricism. Scientific inquiry fostered the birth of many new disciplines, a germinal fecundity which continues to make an accelerating impact upon medicine's advance. Though it is no longer possible, therefore, to label any discipline of medicine as merely a form of therapy, some in the present hierarchy of medicine, yes even within the sanctums of curricular committees, continue to insist that surgery is only that. It is
Screening for G-CSF receptor mutations in patients with secondary myeloid or lymphoid transformation of severe congenital neutropenia. A report from the French neutropenia register
Authors: B Cassinat, C Bellanné-Chantelot, A Notz-Carrère, M L Menot, C Vaury, M Micheau, B Bader-Meunier, Y Perel, T Leblanc, J Donadieu, C Chomienne
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Increased Clearance of Phenytoin during Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Ilo E. Leppik, Venkat Ramani, Ronald J. Sawchuk, Robert J. Gumnit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

HIPPOCRATES observed that epileptic patients had fewer seizures during febrile illnesses, and data gathered during epidemics of measles and typhoid in patients institutionalized at Bicêtre and Salpêtrière supported his conclusion.1 Since the development of effective antiepileptic drugs, this pat-ern has changed.2 3 4 We investigated an epileptic patient who had more frequent seizures during infectious mononucleosis. Low phenytoin concentrations from increased drug clearance were observed, suggesting that altered drug kinetics may precipitate seizures during illnesses.Case ReportA 22-year-old woman with partial complex seizures was admitted to the University of Minnesota Epilepsy Unit for treatment. She weighed 64 kg and was 172 . . .
Research on Injuries in Biomedical Research
Authors: Bernard Barber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Biomedical research is now under serious and sustained challenge from many quarters to justify the risks that it entails for the human subjects who are essential to its success in creating more effective medical care. This challenge has at least two powerful sources. One is the valid rational concern about the hard fact that at least some biomedical research will cause some predictable or unintended injury to those who volunteer in both therapeutic and nontherapeutic situations. The other source is the increased strength of the value of equality in all areas of life in the modern world. In the medical . . .
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF TRANSRADIAL APPROACH FOR CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AND INTERVENTION IN THE ELDERLY: A SYSTEMIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Sami M. Alnasser, Akshay Bagai, Sanjit Jolly, Warren Cantor, Olivier Bertrand, Asim Cheema
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
17-AAG, an Hsp90 inhibitor, ameliorates polyglutamine-mediated motor neuron degeneration
Authors: Masahiro Waza, Hiroaki Adachi, Masahisa Katsuno, Makoto Minamiyama, Chen Sang, Fumiaki Tanaka, Akira Inukai, Manabu Doyu, Gen Sobue
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Misuse of statistical methods
Authors: S. Senn
Journal: BMJ (1977)

well in accordance with fundamental pharmacokinetic principles.Naturally the increase of the fractional catabolic rate of the vitamin D metabolites shows a biological variation.It is tempting to assume that overt bone disease in epileptics on anticonvulsants occurs only from the combined effect of a high frac- tional catabolic rate and low availability of vitamin D, be it due to dietary habits, drug schedules, or minimal exposure to sunlight.The fact remains that overt bone disease from anticonvulsants alone is very uncommon.It is a truism that patients with overt bone disease should be treated.The crucial point, however, is to diagnose this condition in patients not seeking medical advice for bone symptoms.This would require enormous screening programmes with methods which cannot be considered optimal, whether includ- ing alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium estimations, bone biopsy, or measurement of BMC.Another approach might be a prophylactic vitamin D treatment of all epileptic patients.This would be costly, not without danger, and with a most uncertain benefit.Actually only a few reports have been published conceming the effect of vitamin D treatment on epileptic patients taking anti- convulsants.24These reports indicate that BMC can be restored to normal by four months' initial treatment with 4000 IU of vitamin D2 followed by maintenance treatment with 1000 IU daily, but the two published reports on the clinical effect are not too promising.6In conclusion we agree with your statement that "any prophylactic programme which leads to the prescribing of relatively large doses of vitamin D needs to be viewed with circumspection and must be based firmly upon clinical and not simply biochemical benefit" but should like to add that present available data are more in favour of with- holding such prophylactic treatment than giving it.
Long-term cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist therapy decreases bacterial translocation in rats with cirrhosis and ascites
Authors: Ying-Ying Yang, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Pei-Chang Lee, Yi-Chen Yeh, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Ying-Wen Wang, Tzung-Yan Lee, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Che-Chang Chan, Han-Chieh Lin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Who, What, When, Where, Whom, and How of Hospitalist Care
Authors: Gordon D. Schiff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters1 July 2003The Who, What, When, Where, Whom, and How of Hospitalist CareGordon D. Schiff, MDGordon D. Schiff, MDCook County Hospital; Chicago, IL 60612 (Schiff)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-1-200307010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The editorial titled The Who, What, When, Where, Whom, and How of Hospitalist Care (1) comes close to raising the real question: Why? Hospitals in the United States are places that don't work, or at least don't work optimally, to ensure humane, efficient, standardized, uniformly high-quality care. This is no secret to anyone who has been hospitalized or to their physicians, who struggle daily to overcome barriers to optimal care. As the Editors pointed out (1), physicians are but one component of a complex system. That system is ailing and failing both patients and physicians on a ...References1. The who, what, when, where, whom, and how of hospitalist care [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:930-1. [PMID: 12458994] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academy Pr; 2001. Google Scholar3. Schiff GD, Young QD. You can't leap a chasm in two jumps: The Institute of Medicine health care quality report. Public Health Rep. 2001;116:396-403. [PMID: 12042603] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Berwick DM. You cannot expect people to be heroes. BMJ. 1998;316:1738. [PMID: 9652926] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cook County Hospital; Chicago, IL 60612 (Schiff) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Who, What, When, Where, Whom, and How of Hospitalist Care Metrics 1 July 2003Volume 139, Issue 1Page: 76-77KeywordsCaregiversComplex systemsGeriatric careHealth careHospitalistsInformation technology ePublished: 1 July 2003 Issue Published: 1 July 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC PANCREATITIS.
Authors: C. F. NEW
Journal: JAMA (1905)

In the following case the woman was a patient at this institution under the care of Dr. Stockton, who makes the following clinical report: <h3>Patient.</h3> —The woman, aged 55, was admitted to the institution ten years ago. She had delusions of persecution, hallucinations of sight and hearing and was restless, sleepless, dull and melancholy. <h3>History.</h3> —Little is known regarding her life and condition previous to admission, but from what could be gathered from herself and from the commitment papers the indications are that she had led a dissolute, immoral life and that she was addicted to the use of morphia. From the time of her admission until the onset of her illness her physical health was good except for a moderate constipation which required the use of a mild purgative from time to time. Mentally there were no marked alterations, but she manifested some retardation of thought and occasional periods
Noninvasive estimation of right ventricular systolic pressure by Doppler ultrasound in patients with tricuspid regurgitation.
Authors: P G Yock, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We evaluated the accuracy of a noninvasive method for estimating right ventricular systolic pressures in patients with tricuspid regurgitation detected by Doppler ultrasound. Of 62 patients with clinical signs of elevated right-sided pressures, 54 (87%) had jets of tricuspid regurgitation clearly recorded by continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound. By use of the maximum velocity (V) of the regurgitant jet, the systolic pressure gradient (delta P) between right ventricle and right atrium was calculated by the modified Bernoulli equation (delta P = 4V2). Adding the transtricuspid gradient to the mean right atrial pressure (estimated clinically from the jugular veins) gave predictions of right ventricular systolic pressure that correlated well with catheterization values (r = .93, SEE = 8 mm Hg). The tricuspid gradient method provides an accurate and widely applicable method for noninvasive estimation of elevated right ventricular systolic pressures.
Tetracycline in Genitourinary Infections
Authors: Jay P. Sanford, Cutting B. Favour, J. Hartwell Harrison, Frances H. Mao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE most recent major addition to the antibiotic armamentarium of the practicing physician has been the broad-spectrum antibiotic tetracycline.∥ This compound is closely related to both chlortetracycline†† and oxytetracycline‡‡ in chemical structure, pharmacologic properties and antimicrobial activity in vitro.1 , 2 Early clinical, trials suggest that gastrointestinal irritation is less frequent with tetracycline than with either of the other analogues, chlortetracycline or oxytetracycline.2 The present study is a comparison of the in vitro sensitivity of 200 strains of bacteria, recently isolated from patients with infections of the genitourinary tract, to tetracycline and the more commonly used antibiotics: penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol,** chlortetracycline and . . .
Effect of copper and zinc status on susceptibility to cadmium intoxication.
Authors: I Bremner, J K Campbell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The effects of dietary cadmium on copper and zinc metabolism in animals are described. Emphasis is given to situations involving chronic exposure to low levels of cadmium, to the identification of population groups most at risk, and to the protective effect of dietary supplementation with copper and zinc. The mechanism of the interaction between the metals and the involvement of metallothionein are discussed.
Proenkephalin A gene products activate a new family of sensory neuron–specific GPCRs
Authors: Paola M.C. Lembo, Eric Grazzini, Thierry Groblewski, Dajan O'Donnell, Marie-Odile Roy, Ji Zhang, Cyrla Hoffert, Jack Cao, Ralf Schmidt, Manon Pelletier, Maryse Labarre, Mylene Gosselin, Yves Fortin, Denis Banville, S.H. Shen, Peter Ström, Kemal Payza, Andy Dray, Philippe Walker, Sultan Ahmad
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2002)
Smooth Muscle Dysfunction in Resistance Arteries of the Staggerer Mouse, a Mutant of the Nuclear Receptor RORα
Authors: Sandrine Besnard, Joëlle Bakouche, Yolande Lemaigre-Dubreuil, Jean Mariani, Alain Tedgui, Daniel Henrion
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. The mouse mutant staggerer (sg/sg) carries a deletion within the RORalpha gene. RORalpha plays a major role in cellular differentiation during development and growth. In the present study, we found a lower mean arterial blood pressure in sg/sg than in +/+ mice (80.1+/-1.2 and 87.0+/-0.9 mm Hg, respectively; P<0.0002) and a smaller increase in blood pressure after in vivo injections of phenylephrine. To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for this phenotype, we investigated the vascular reactivity of large vessels (aorta and carotid arteries) and small resistance mesenteric arteries in response to mechanical forces or vasoactive agents. Arteries from sg/sg and +/+ mice were studied in vitro in arteriographs. Vascular responses of large vessels to all stimuli were similar in both groups. However, we found a markedly altered vascular function in mesenteric arteries from sg/sg mice. Flow-induced dilation, pressure-induced myogenic tone, responses to endothelium-dependent or -independent vasodilators, and responses to vasoconstrictors were significantly reduced in sg/sg compared with +/+ mice. We also determined by Western blot analysis the expression of smooth muscle (SM)-myosin, calponin, and heavy (h)-caldesmon, in large and small arteries of sg/sg and +/+ mice, and found a marked decrease in the expression of these contractile proteins in mesenteric arteries of sg/sg mice. Our findings provide the first evidence that functional RORalpha is required for normal contractile phenotype of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in small resistance arteries and suggest that RORalpha might be involved in the differentiation of SMCs in mesenteric arteries.
Assessment of testicular toxicity in laboratory animals
Authors: Ralph Heywood, Ronald W. James
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The currently available methods of assessing testicular toxicity and fertility are discussed. Compounds inducing testicular atrophy mainly affect the seminiferous epithelium, with progressive loss of spermatozoa, spermatids, spermatocytes, and spermatogonia. Quantitative histometric analysis of spermatogenesis, together with hormone assays, could be used to advantage in defining the underlying mechanisms of toxicity.
Coexpression of the collagen-binding stress protein HSP47 gene and the alpha 1(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen genes in carbon tetrachloride-induced rat liver fibrosis.
Authors: H Masuda, M Fukumoto, K Hirayoshi, K Nagata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

HSP47 is a collagen-binding stress protein and is assumed to act as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone during the biosynthesis and secretion of procollagen in the living cell. The synthesis of HSP47 has been reported to correlate with that of collagen in several cell lines. We examined the expression of HSP47 mRNA during the progression of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of HSP47 mRNA was markedly induced during the progression of fibrosis in parallel with alpha 1(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen mRNAs. By in situ hybridization, the distribution of HSP47 transcripts was similar to that of alpha 1(I) collagen and was observed only in cells lining collagen fibrils. These collagen-positive cells were confirmed to be Ito cells by immunohistochemistry for desmin. The absence of high levels of HSP47 mRNA in the liver of rats treated with only a single administration of CCl4 indicated that the induction of HSP47 mRNA was not due to the direct effect of CCl4 as a stressor, but was due to the progression of liver fibrosis. The function of HSP47 in liver fibrosis will also be discussed.
PELVIC DISEASE IN WOMEN, AND INSANITY.
Authors: GEORGE H. ROHÉ
Journal: JAMA (1895)

At the meeting of this Association in 1892, I reported, briefly, the results of my experience in operating upon a small number of insane women suffering at the same time from disease of the pelvic organs. This report was afterward supplemented by more extended and specialized papers read before theAmerican Medical Association, and the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. The work has attracted some attention, and has given occasion for favorable comment and unfavorable criticism. In one instance, a laudable endeavor at imitation was rudely suppressed by the official interference of a State Commission in Lunacy whoseobiter dictum, that operations upon the insane were brutal and inhuman, and not excusable on any reasonable ground, as well as illegal and unjustifiable, received the indorsement of some of the most distinguished members of this Association.  Whether the opposition to the work referred to, can be justified upon medical and
Central and peripheral limitations to upright exercise in untrained cardiac transplant recipients.
Authors: A C Kao, P Van Trigt, G S Shaeffer-McCall, J P Shaw, B B Kuzil, R D Page, M B Higginbotham
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Functional capacity and quality of life are subjectively improved after cardiac transplantation. However, the objective improvement in exercise tolerance after transplantation has been disappointing. The extent to which allograft diastolic dysfunction contributes to this exercise intolerance has not been defined.Thirty cardiac transplant recipients between 3 and 16 months after transplantation and 30 age-matched normal control subjects underwent maximal symptom-limited graded upright bicycle exercise testing with simultaneous radionuclide angiography, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and breath-by-breath gas analysis. Mean blood pressure was higher in the transplant group at supine rest (112.1 versus 97.7 mm Hg), normalized with upright posture, and became lower than normal at peak exercise (121.1 versus 133.2 mm Hg). Systolic function as measured by ejection fraction was normal in both groups. However, the cardiac transplant recipients had significantly lower exercise tolerance, achieving a mean maximal work rate of 390 kilopond-meters per minute (kpm/min), compared with 825 kpm/min in the normal subjects. Peak oxygen consumption was 12.3 mL.min-1.kg-1 in the transplant group, 46% lower than the normal group's value of 22.9 mL.min-1.kg-1. The transplant patients had a resting tachycardia (94 beats per minute) and a 79% reduction in exercise heart rate reserve compared with normal. Despite this chronotropic incompetence, stroke index response to exercise was consistently lower after transplantation, accounting for a 41% reduction in cardiac index at maximal exercise. The lower stroke index was accompanied by a 32% lower end-diastolic volume index at rest and a 14% lower end-diastolic volume index at peak exercise. Despite the smaller ventricular volumes after transplantation, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was 35% higher than normal at supine rest and 50% higher at maximal exercise. Right atrial and mean pulmonary arterial pressures were similarly elevated. The ratio of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure to end-diastolic volume index was significantly higher during the postural change and exercise, suggesting allograft diastolic dysfunction. Arteriovenous oxygen difference was similar between groups at rest and with submaximal exercise but was 24% lower at maximal exercise in the transplant group, suggesting an abnormality in peripheral oxygen uptake or utilization.Exercise tolerance is severely limited during the first 16 months after cardiac transplantation despite preservation of allograft left ventricular systolic function. This intolerance is due to an inadequate cardiac index response from a combination of chronotropic incompetence and diastolic dysfunction limiting the appropriate compensatory use of the Starling mechanism. In addition, there is a peripheral abnormality in oxygen transport or utilization that may partially reflect the effects of deconditioning.
Prevent Cardiovascular Disease or Pay for the Consequences
Authors: THOMAS N. LYNN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Editorial Notes1 September 1974Prevent Cardiovascular Disease or Pay for the ConsequencesTHOMAS N. LYNN, M.D.THOMAS N. LYNN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-3-398 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is now clear to literate citizens that, with our present technology, our energy resources are finite and that we must begin to make hard decisions about how these resources will be used. Whether the available energy is to be used for pleasure driving, heating homes and schools, operating agricultural equipment, or for the defense establishment has come under scrutiny, and the need for priority decisions will continue. We are becoming aware, as a society, that our economic resources also are finite and that choices must be made in the use of these resources. Decisions will be made individually, if...Reference1. WRIGHTFREDRICKSON ID (editors): Cardiovascular Diseases. Guidelines for Prevention and Care. DNEW Publication No. (HSM) 73-7022. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 1973 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Family Practice and Community Health University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City, Oklahoma PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1974Volume 81, Issue 3Page: 398-399KeywordsCardiovascular diseases Issue Published: 1 September 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Code and Railroad Corporations.
Authors: C. M. Fenn
Journal: JAMA (1894)

San Diego, Cal., April 16, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have hitherto refrained from discussing Code revision, though mentally applying to<i>some</i>of the diatribes forninst the dear old Magna Charta, that well-known couplet: "No rogue e'er felt the halter draw With good opinion of the law." For more than thirty-five years I have associated it with the Decalogue and the Hippocratic oath, never realizing that either of them was particularly irksome, nor believing that all men could be induced to abide by them, however modernized. In elegance of diction and loftiness of sentiment I know of no instrument comparable with it. Its quaintness lends to it an additional charm, and I much fear if we begin to revise and amend it we shall leave nothing worthy the name. Perhaps a better solution of the problem would be to adopt the suggestion and the language of the poet as he
Chondrocalcinosis after parathyroidectomy.
Authors: J S Glass, R Grahame
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

In this retrospective study of 57 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy, the overall incidence of chondrocalcinosis was 40%. Neither joint symptoms nor chondrocalcinosis regressed after the operation. In several patients the condition appeared to deteriorate both clinically and radiologically after the operation, while in a few both the chondrocalcinosis and the associated symptoms first appeared some time after the operation.