tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neutral lipid storage disease. Case report and lipid studies
Authors: M.R. JUDGE, D.J. ATHERTON, R. SALVAYRE, N. HILAIRE, T. LEVADE, D.I. JOHNSTON, B. WINCHESTER, B.D. LAKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Neutral lipid storage disease. Case report and lipid studies Get access M.R. JUDGE, M.R. JUDGE The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, U.K. Dr M.R.Judge, Department of Dermatology, St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SEl 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.J. ATHERTON, D.J. ATHERTON The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. SALVAYRE, R. SALVAYRE Laboratoire de Biochemie INSERM CJF 9206. faculté de Médecine, Rangueil, 31054 Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. HILAIRE, N. HILAIRE Laboratoire de Biochemie INSERM CJF 9206. faculté de Médecine, Rangueil, 31054 Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. LEVADE, T. LEVADE Laboratoire de Biochemie INSERM CJF 9206. faculté de Médecine, Rangueil, 31054 Toulouse, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.I. JOHNSTON, D.I. JOHNSTON Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. WINCHESTER, B. WINCHESTER The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.D. LAKE B.D. LAKE The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 4, 1 April 1994, Pages 507–510, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03387.x Published: 01 April 1994 Article history Accepted: 19 October 1993 Published: 01 April 1994
Sodium and Blood Pressure in Infancy
Authors: Julie R. Ingelfinger
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Fifteen years have elapsed since Louis Dahl published "Salt in Processed Baby Foods," an editorial concerning the detrimental effects of sodium added to baby food.<sup>1</sup>Despite a large body of data linking high sodium intake to hypertension, little direct information about the effects of sodium in infant foods has been available.<sup>2-5</sup>Finally, in this issue ofThe Journal(p 370), Hofman and colleagues have shown in a randomized trial that 231 normal infants fed a low-salt diet have statistically lower systolic blood pressures at the end of six months than do 245 normal control infants. Although follow-up past the six-month end point of the study has not yet occurred, the findings are a welcome addition to the sodium-blood pressure story. American baby food manufacturers will likely be pleased that they have already followed the voluntary guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration and removed extra salt from their
Asthma and Athletic Performance
Authors: Kenneth D. Fitch
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a manifestation of bronchial hyper-reactivity that poses a special problem for the asthmatic engaging in competitive and recreational sports. Recent Olympic successes by swimmers with asthma are not surprising in view of the lessened asthmogenicity of swimming. Neither the cause of EIA nor the reason why some forms of exercise have a greater propensity to provoke EIA is known. Preexercise prophylactic medication with selective beta 2-sympathomimetic agents or cromolyn sodium will reduce or abolish EIA in the majority of asthmatics if administered just before the event. Other agents are less effective or as yet not fully evaluated. With suitable control of exercise-induced asthma, asthmatics should not be unnecessarily restricted, and competitive sports or physical recreation can then occupy an identical role in their lives as it does for their non-asthmatic contemporaries.
684. Improved Performance of AAV6 in Airways In Vivo
Authors: Maria Limberis, Luk H. Vandenberghe, Julie C. Johnston, Di Wu, Deirdre McMenamin, Regina L. Munden, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

AAV6 is known to target the airway epithelium in vivo with high efficiency. An approach was taken to overcome limiting vector production and to enhance its existing tropism and further improve gene transfer efficiency.
Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial
Authors: Lars Sjöström, Anders Gummesson, C David Sjöström, Kristina Narbro, Markku Peltonen, Hans Wedel, Calle Bengtsson, Claude Bouchard, Björn Carlsson, Sven Dahlgren, Peter Jacobson, Kristjan Karason, Jan Karlsson, Bo Larsson, Anna-Karin Lindroos, Hans Lönroth, Ingmar Näslund, Torsten Olbers, Kaj Stenlöf, Jarl Torgerson, Lena MS Carlsson
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2009)
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Is Linked to Insulin Resistance and Reversed by Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Activation
Authors: Georg Hansmann, Roger A. Wagner, Stefan Schellong, Vinicio A. de Jesus Perez, Takashi Urashima, Lingli Wang, Ahmad Y. Sheikh, Renée S. Suen, Duncan J. Stewart, Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have reduced expression of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ in lung tissues, and deficiency of both has been linked to insulin resistance. ApoE deficiency leads to enhanced platelet-derived growth factor signaling, which is important in the pathobiology of PAH. We therefore hypothesized that insulin-resistant apoE-deficient (apoE −/− ) mice would develop PAH that could be reversed by a peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ agonist (eg, rosiglitazone). Methods and Results— We report that apoE −/− mice on a high-fat diet develop PAH as judged by elevated right ventricular systolic pressure. Compared with females, male apoE −/− were insulin resistant, had lower plasma adiponectin, and had higher right ventricular systolic pressure associated with right ventricular hypertrophy and increased peripheral pulmonary artery muscularization. Because male apoE −/− mice were insulin resistant and had more severe PAH than female apoE −/− mice, we treated them with rosiglitazone for 4 and 10 weeks. This treatment resulted in markedly higher plasma adiponectin, improved insulin sensitivity, and complete regression of PAH, right ventricular hypertrophy, and abnormal pulmonary artery muscularization in male apoE −/− mice. We further show that recombinant apoE and adiponectin suppress platelet-derived growth factor-BB–mediated proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells harvested from apoE −/− or C57Bl/6 control mice. Conclusions— We have shown that insulin resistance, low plasma adiponectin levels, and deficiency of apoE may be risk factors for PAH and that peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ activation can reverse PAH in an animal model.
Omeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg once daily in the prevention of recurrence of reflux oesophagitis. Solo Investigator Group.
Authors: C M Bate, S N Booth, J P Crowe, R A Mountford, P W Keeling, B Hepworth-Jones, M D Taylor, P D Richardson
Journal: Gut (1995)

This study determined the optimal maintenance dose of omeprazole in reflux oesophagitis. One hundred and ninety three patients rendered asymptomatic and healed after four or eight weeks omeprazole were randomised double blind to 10 mg omeprazole once daily (n = 60 evaluable), 20 mg omeprazole once daily (n = 68), or placebo (n = 62) for one year or until symptomatic relapse. Each omeprazole regimen was superior to placebo in preventing both symptomatic relapse (life table analysis, p < 0.001) and endoscopically verified relapse (p < 0.001). At 12 months, the life table endoscopic remission rates (proportions of patients without grade > or = 2 oesophagitis) were: 50% (95% confidence intervals 34 to 66%) with 10 mg omeprazole once daily, 74% (62 to 86%) with 20 mg omeprazole once daily, and 14% (2 to 26%) with placebo. At 12 months, the life table symptomatic remission rates (proportions of patients asymptomatic or with mild symptoms) were: 77% (64 to 89%) with 10 mg omeprazole once daily, 83% (73 to 93%) with 20 mg omeprazole once daily, and 34% (16 to 52%) with placebo. Both 10 mg and 20 mg omeprazole once daily were effective in prolonging the remission of reflux oesophagitis: 10 mg may be appropriate to start longterm treatment, though the existence of a dose response relation means that 20 mg once daily may be effective in patients for whom 10 mg once daily is suboptimal.
Alterations in hypothalamic μ-opiate receptor—mediated responses but not methionine enkephalin or proenkephalin messenger RNA levels in rats with acute cholestasis
Authors: Mark G. Swain
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Endogenous opioids, including methionine enkephalin, have been implicated in the control of adrenocorticotrophic hormone release by acting through mu-opiate receptors in the hypothalamus. Recently, alterations in the central opioid system have been postulated to occur in cholestasis. In addition, alterations in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone content and messenger RNA levels, as well as basal release, have been described in bile duct—resected rats, and hypothalamic methionine enkephalin is colocalized with corticotropin-releasing hormone in hypothalamic neurons. Therefore hypothalamic and pituitary methionine enkephalin content and hypothalamic proenkephalin messenger RNA levels, as well as hypothalamic mu-opiate receptor-mediated responses in vitro and in vivo, were studied in rats with acute cholestasis caused by bile duct resection and in respective controls. Hypothalamic and pituitary methionine enkephalin levels were similar in bile duct—resected, sham-resected and unoperated control rats. In addition, hypothalamic proenkephalin steady state messenger RNA levels were similar in the three groups of animals. μ-Opiate receptor stimulation of hypothalamic explants in vitro with the specific μ-opiate receptor agonist ligand [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol]-Enkephalin resulted in 8.2% and 16.9% inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone release in sham-resected and unoperated control rats, respectively. In contrast, treatment of hypothalamic explants from bile duct—resected rats with [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol]-Enkephalin resulted in a significant 22.5% increase in corticotropin-releasing hormone release. Systemic administration of the μ-opiate receptor agonist morphine to rats in vivo resulted in significantly higher incremental rises in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in sham-resected and unoperated control animals than in bile duct—resected rats. Therefore acute cholestasis in the rat is associated with altered hypothalamic mu-opiate receptor-mediated responses but not with alterations in hypothalamic methionine enkephalin or proenkephalin messenger RNA levels. These results suggest novel central roles for opioid peptides in cholestasis. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;20:700–705).
Community Tenure Following Emergency Discharge
Authors: JAMES E. BARRETT, JUDITH KURIANSKY, BARRY GURLAND
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

An emergency situation brought about the release of a large number of chronic patients from a state psychiatric hospital. The authors studied a random sample of these patients to determine how many remained out of the hospital when the emergency was over and what differences there were between these patients and those who returned. Twenty-eight percent of all patients remained out for at least four weeks, and 29 percent of the study sample were out at six months. The authors found no essential difference in psychopathology between the two groups, but those who remained out had some useful function in the caretaker family and did not interfere with the family's routine; they were also more likely to be from poorer families.
Chronic Aortic Insufficiency: Factors Associated with Progression to Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Deirdre Siemienczuk
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine whether the initial measurement of clinical variables in patients with chronic stable aortic insufficiency is helpful in identifying patients at risk for earlier progression to aortic valve replacement. Design: Prospective analysis of a cohort of patients for a median follow-up time of 44 months (range, 8 to 57). Setting: Referral-based cardiology clinics at two university hospitals and their affiliated Veterans Administration medical centers. Patients: Cohort of 50 asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients with chronic aortic insufficiency and left ventricular enlargement. Patients had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and no evidence of coronary artery disease or significant noncardiac illness. Intervention: None. Measurements and Main Results: Baseline evaluation included a history and physical examination, chest roentgenogram, M-mode echocardiogram, treadmill test, and radionuclide angiogram done at rest and during supine bicycle exercise. Ten patients progressed to surgery because of the onset of limiting symptoms or objective evidence of left ventricular dysfunction, or both; the overall rate was 4% ± 3% per year. The Breslow and Mantel-Cox statistics were used to compute survival (surgery-free) dichotomized by prognostic variables. The progression to surgery was earlier in patients with left ventricular end-diastolic volume indices of 150 cc/m2 or more, end-systolic volume indices of 60 cc/m2 or more, a left ventricular ejection fraction at maximal exercise of less than 0.50, or an end-systolic wall stress of 860 dynes/cm2 or more. Conclusions: Patients at higher and lower risk for early progression to aortic valve replacement can be identified through the measurement of left ventricular size and function. This information can be used to decide the frequency and intensity of follow-up evaluation in these patients.
Pathogenesis of Renal Osteodystrophy — A Role for Calcitonin?
Authors: Joel F. Habener, Alan L. Schiller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Renal osteodystrophy continues to be one of the more difficult problems that confront the clinician charged with the responsibility of managing patients with chronic renal failure. The clinical picture of decreased intestinal calcium absorption, excessive bone resorption and defective bone mineralization that can eventually lead to disabling symptoms of bone pain and pathologic fractures is familiar.1 Histologically, the bone tissue presents a picture of increased turnover showing increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities.A major difficulty in any attempt to adopt a rational approach to the management of these patients has been the lack of a complete understanding of the pathogenesis . . .
Allelic Association of Human Dopamine D2 Receptor Gene in Alcoholism
Authors: Kenneth Blum
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In a blinded experiment, we report the first allelic association of the dopamine D<sub>2</sub>receptor gene in alcoholism. From 70 brain samples of alcoholics and nonalcoholics, DNA was digested with restriction endonucleases and probed with a clone that contained the entire 3' coding exon, the polyadenylation signal, and approximately 16.4 kilobases of noncoding 3' sequence of the human dopamine D<sub>2</sub>receptor gene (λhD2G1). In the present samples, the presence of A1 allele of the dopamine D<sub>2</sub>receptor gene correctly classified 77% of alcoholics, and its absence classified 72% of nonalcoholics. The polymorphic pattern of this receptor gene suggests that a gene that confers susceptibility to at least one form of alcoholism is located on the q22-q23 region of chromosome 11. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:2055-2060)
Manometric study of the sphincter of Oddi in patients with and without common bile duct stones.
Authors: E De Masi, E Corazziari, F I Habib, B Fontana, V Gatti, G F Fegiz, A Torsoli
Journal: Gut (1984)

Motor activity of the sphincter of Oddi has been evaluated in 34 patients who underwent ERCP examination. Manometric recordings from the common bile duct and the sphincter of Oddi were performed with a polyethylene triple lumen catheter. At ERCP 16 patients had undamaged biliary ducts; six had undergone cholecystectomy and six had gall bladder stones; 18 patients had common bile duct stones; nine of whom had undergone cholecystectomy, and seven had gall bladder stones. Length and amplitude of the resting sphincter pressure as well as frequency, duration, amplitude, and propagating pattern of phasic contractions did not significantly differ in patients with and without common bile duct stones. Sphincter of Oddi motor activity did not appear to be influenced by the variation in the diameter of the common bile duct or by previous cholecystectomy.
Mirk/Dyrk1B Maintains the Viability of Quiescent Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Reducing Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Xiaobing Deng, Daina Z. Ewton, Eileen Friedman
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The kinase Mirk/dyrk1B mediated the clonogenic growth of pancreatic cancer cells in earlier studies. It is now shown that Mirk levels increased 7-fold in SU86.86 pancreatic cancer cells when over a third of the cells were accumulated in a quiescent G(0) state, defined by Hoechst/Pyronin Y staining. Depletion of Mirk by a doxycycline-inducible short hairpin RNA increased the G(0) fraction to approximately 50%, suggesting that Mirk provided some function in G(0). Mirk reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in quiescent cultures of SU86.86 cells and of Panc1 cells by increasing transcription of the antioxidant genes ferroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD)2, and SOD3. These genes were functional antioxidant genes in pancreatic cancer cells because ectopic expression of SOD2 and ferroxidase in Mirk-depleted cells lowered ROS levels. Quiescent pancreatic cancer cells quickly lost viability when depleted of Mirk because of elevated ROS levels, exhibiting up to 4-fold less colony-forming activity and 4-fold less capability for dye exclusion. As a result, reduction of ROS by N-acetyl cysteine led to more viable cells. Mirk also destabilizated cyclin D1 and D3 in quiescent cells. Thus, quiescent pancreatic cancer cells depleted of Mirk became less viable because they were damaged by ROS, and had increased levels of G(1) cyclins to prime cells to escape quiescence.
Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Through Nutritional Counseling
Authors: Daniela Saes Sartorelli, Elaine Cristina Sciarra, Laércio Joel Franco, Marly Augusto Cardoso
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Previous studies have reported convincing evidence that type 2 dia-betes can be prevented by the adoption of a healthy lifestyle in overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (1,2). Although intensive lifestyle intervention can result in significant improvements in a range of clinical and metabolic variables, it is uncertain whether nutritional intervention programs are feasible in the health care system of developing countries (3). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of low-cost nutritional intervention in changing the lifestyle of adults attending a primary health care center in Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo …
National service framework for children: Framework ignores children's growth
Authors: Tam Fry
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Promoting walking and cycling as an alternative to using cars Vested interests doom puny healthcare interventionsEditor-Ogilvy et al's systematic review on promoting walking and cycling as an alternative to using cars treats motoring as if it were a disease that can be cured, without examining the social forces that lead to car use. 1 The effects they find in their review are hardly surprising, given the social currents opposing them: car advertising, predict and provide road planning, the giant car "park," and other horrors of surburbia.Big business and big government alike have a vested interest in its continued growth.Those who have bought into this motor dependent lifestyle can be trusted to extend the infliction of motor tyranny on everyone else: motorists object to being taxed, although they are major polluters, or confined by speed limits, although they killed 3508 people in Britain last year.I try to undermine this metal carapaced horde.Any driver suffering from a condition in which lack of exercise is a factor: hypertension, obesity, stress, depression-much of the general practice caseload in fact-is told to sell their car and get a bike instead.I do have my successesfor example, a man in his 50s who came back to his follow up appointment, saying he wished he lived further from work so he had more time on his bike every day.But when I look at the vested interests lined up against me-not least George W Bush's latest oil grab-I wonder why I bother.Urban doctors who continue to drive are particularly depressing.Since when do you need a car to carry a briefcase?
Choice cuts for patients with AIDS?
Authors: C Bentley, M W Adler
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Choice cuts for patients with AIDS?Contracts could be used to improve services for patients with AIDS -but the outlook is bleak Genitourinary medicine clinics have provided the cornerstone of public health strategy to control epidemics of sexually transmitted diseases since the Venereal Disease Regulations of 1916.Although genitourinary medicine has changed dramatically since the 1980s under the impetus of the HIV epidemic, this strategy still depends on providing a free, open access specialist service that guarantees confidentiality.The changes proposed in Working for Patients could threaten the ability of genitourinary medicine clinics both to care for patients with AIDS and to fulfil their public health functions.At first glance genitourinary medicine clinics do not seem to be threatened by the changes.Contractsfor
Who retires early from the NHS because of ill health and what does it cost? A national cross sectional study
Authors: S. Pattani
Journal: BMJ (2001)

About one million people are employed by the NHS in England and Wales, 96% of whom belong to the NHS occupational pension scheme.1 The scheme allows early retirement because of ill health for employees “incapable of discharging efficiently the duties of their employment by reasons of permanent ill-health or infirmity of mind or body.” There is no requirement for the employer to attempt to offer a more suitable job. This study estimates the magnitude of the problem in terms of annual rates of retirement because of ill health, the direct cost to the NHS Pensions Agency, and whether this ill health is caused by work.

We examined retirement forms for the first 2000 of 5469 applicants from England and Wales who were granted retirement during 1998-9 because of ill health.1 Complete data were obtained on 1994 of them. Their mean age was 51.6 years (SD 7.4 years) and 72% were female. The commonest reasons for retirement because of ill health were musculoskeletal (49%), psychiatric (20%), and cardiovascular conditions (11%). …