tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival after resection for primary lung cancer: a population based study of 3211 resected patients
Authors: Trond-Eirik Strand, Hans Rostad, Bjørn Moller, Jarle Norstein
Journal: Thorax (2006)

<b>Background:</b> Very few population based results have been presented for survival after resection for lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to present long term survival after resection and to quantify prognostic factors for survival. <b>Methods:</b> All lung cancer patients diagnosed in Norway in 1993–2002 were reported to the Cancer Registry of Norway (n = 19 582). A total of 3211 patients underwent surgical resection and were included for analysis. Supplementary information from hospitals (including co-morbidity data) was collected for patients diagnosed in 1993–8. Five year observed and relative survival was analysed for patients diagnosed and operated in 1993–9. Factors believed to influence survival were analysed by a Cox proportional hazard regression model. <b>Results:</b> Five year relative survival in the period 1993–9 was 46.4% (n = 2144): 58.4% for stage I disease (n = 1375), 28.4% for stage II (n = 532), 15.1% for IIIa (n = 133), 24.1% for IIIb (n = 63), and 21.1% for stage IV disease (n = 41). The high survival in stage IIIb and IV was due to the contribution of multiple tumours. Cox regression analysis identified male sex, higher age, procedures other than upper and middle lobectomy, histologies such as adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, surgery on the right side, infiltration of resection margins, and larger tumour size as non-favourable prognostic factors. <b>Conclusions:</b> Survival was favourable for resected patients in a population based group including subgroups such as elderly patients, those with advanced stage, small cell lung cancer, tumours with nodal invasion, and patients with multiple tumours. These results question the validity of the current TNM system for lung cancer with regard to tumour size and categorization of multiple tumours.
Autoantibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide in a PMR inception cohort from The PMR Outcomes Study
Authors: B Dasgupta, A Hutchings, J Hollywood, L Nutter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

<h3>Abstract</h3> This study evaluated the difference in respiratory protection between replaceable particulate respirators (RPRs) and powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs), with different wearing methods during workload. Participants wore RPRs or PAPRs in the ways that workers wore them in actual workplaces. We measured the number of particles inside and outside the respiratory protective equipment (RPE) during workload for each wearing variation. The fit factor (FF) of RPRs in the workload state was significantly lower than that in the resting state, indicating inadequate respiratory protection. In contrast, the FF of PAPRs during workload was significantly lower than that at rest; however, respiratory protection was maintained. PAPR did not show a significant decrease in FF owing to the wearing variations during workload. In conclusion, PAPRs were found to be superior to RPRs in terms of respiratory protection. PAPRs are better than RPRs for workers who have to wear RPE inappropriately due to health problems.
High-density lipoprotein metabolism and the human embryo
Authors: V. Y. Fujimoto, J. P. Kane, B. Y. Ishida, M. S. Bloom, R. W. Browne
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2009)

BACKGROUNDHigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) appears to be the dominant lipoprotein particle in human follicular fluid (FF). The reported anti-atherogenic properties of HDL have been attributed in part to reverse cholesterol transport. The discoveries of the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and the ATP-binding cassette A1 lipid (ABCA1) transporter have generated studies aimed at unraveling the pathways of HDL biogenesis, remodeling and catabolism. The production of SR-BI and ABCA1 knockout mice as well as other lipoprotein metabolism-associated mutants has resulted in reduced or absent fertility, leading us to postulate the existence of a human hepatic-ovarian HDL-associated axis of fertility. Here, we review an evolving literature on the role of HDL metabolism on mammalian fertility and oocyte development.
Studies on Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Tetraethyl Ammonium Ion (Etamon)
Authors: JULIAN F. KEITH, HAROLD D. GREEN, S. CLAY WILLIAMS, CORNELIUS C. DAVIS
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Studies were done using dogs to determine: (1) the ED 50 of Etamon when given as an infusion over 30 minutes; (2) the possibility of an accumulative toxicity when Etamon is given in multiple small doses over long periods of time; and (3) the effect of various measures in preventing death after the administration of a lethal dose (LD 100 ) of Etamon. The ED 50 of Etamon given as an infusion was found to be nearly twice that of Etamon given as a fast injection intravenously. There seemed to be an accumulative toxic effect following the use of Etamon in multiple small doses over a long period of time as evidenced by the difference between the ED 50 of those receiving a single large infusion and those receiving multiple small infusions. Intermittent controlled positive pressure respirations were found to be effective in preventing death after the infusion of a lethal dose of Etamon.
Glomerular basement membrane—reactive antibody in anti-lymphocyte globulin
Authors: Curtis B. Wilson, Frank J. Dixon, Joseph G. Fortner, G. James Cerilli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Equine immunoglobulin was detected along the glomerular basement membrane of three human homograft recipients who had been treated with equine anti-lymphocyte globulin. Anti-lymphocyte globulins, given these patients, were obtained by immunization of horses with lymphocytes from human spleens and/or lymph nodes and contained glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies. Quantitative paired-label isotope experiments (in rats) demonstrated that 30-170 mug/ml of kidney-fixing antibodies were present in these preparations. The anti-lymphocyte globulins formed a line of identity with a sheep anti-human glomerular basement serum when reacted against collagenase-solubilized human glomerular basement membrane in double diffusion in agar. The renal fixation of these antibodies was blocked by absorption with human glomerular basement membrane, but not by buffy-coat leukocytes, indicating that they were directed specifically toward antigens in the basement membrane and were not cross-reacting anti-lymphocyte antibodies. Anti-lymphocyte globulin preparations for human use were studied for glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies by a direct immunofluorescent assay in rats. Anti-lymphocyte globulin from 13 of 20 horses, and 7 of 10 serum pools from horses immunized with lymphocytes derived from solid lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus, lymph node, tonsil), contained glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies. Sera from 18 horses injected with thoracic duct cells or cultured lymphoblasts had no glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies. An equine anti-human thymus serum containing glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies, which produced fatal glomerulonephritis in monkeys, was shown to cause both immediate and delayed glomerular injury in monkeys after intravenous injection. The reaction of this antibody with glomerular basement membrane in vivo was associated with little complement deposition in spite of the fact that the antibody could fix complement. This lack of glomerular complement fixation resulted from almost complete in vivo decomplementation of the monkeys receiving this anti-lymphocyte globulin.
Prostate-Specific Antigen as an Estimator of Prostate Volume in the Management of Patients with Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: C.A Mochtar, L.A.L.M Kiemeney, M.M van Riemsdijk, G.S Barnett, M.P Laguna, F.M.J Debruyne, J.J.M.C.H de la Rosette
Journal: European Urology (2003)
A new classification system for shoulder instability
Authors: John E Kuhn
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Glenohumeral joint instability is extremely common yet the definition and classification of instability remains unclear. In order to find the best ways to treat instability, the condition must be clearly defined and classified. This is particularly important so that treatment studies can be compared or combined, which can only be done if the patient population under study is the same. The purpose of this paper was to review the problems with historical methods of defining and classifying instability and to introduce the FEDS system of classifying instability, which was developed to have content validity and found to have high interobserver and intraobserver agreement.
Therapeutic Antitumor Efficacy of Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody in Mouse Models of Myeloma
Authors: Oihana Murillo, Ainhoa Arina, Sandra Hervas-Stubbs, Anjana Gupta, Brandon McCluskey, Juan Dubrot, Asís Palazón, Arantza Azpilikueta, Maria C. Ochoa, Carlos Alfaro, Sarai Solano, José L. Pérez-Gracia, Babatunde O. Oyajobi, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Eradication of post-treatment residual myeloma cells is needed to prevent relapses, and immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies (mAb) such as anti-CD137, CTLA-4, CD40, etc., which enhance the immune response against malignancies, represent a means of achieving this purpose. This study explores anti-CD137 mAbs for multiple myeloma treatment in preclinical models of the disease because they safely augment tumor immunity and are in clinical trials for other cancers. Experimental Design: The antitumor effect of anti-CD137 mAb on mouse plasmacytomas derived from HOPC and NS0 cell lines was studied and compared with that of anti-CTLA-4, anti-CD40, and anti-ICAM-2 mAbs. The antitumor effect of anti-CD137 mAb was also examined in a mouse syngeneic disseminated myeloma (5TGM1) model, which more closely resembles human multiple myeloma. Depletions of specific cell populations and gene-targeted mice were used to unravel the requirements for tumor rejection. Results: Agonistic mAb against CD137 and blocking anti-CTLA-4 mAb showed activity against i.p. HOPC tumors, resulting in extended survival of mice that also became immune to rechallenge. Anti-CD137 mAbs induced complete eradications of established s.c. NS0-derived tumors that were dependent on IFN-γ, natural killer cells, and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Natural killer cells accumulated in tumor draining lymph nodes and showed increased IFN-γ production. Antitumor efficacy of anti-CD137 mAb was preserved in CD28-deficient mice despite the fact that CD28 signaling increases the expression of CD137 on CD8+ T cells. Importantly, anti-CD137 mAb treatment significantly decreased systemic tumor burden in the disseminated 5TGM1 model. Conclusions: The immune-mediated antitumor activity of anti-CD137 mAb in mouse models holds promise for myeloma treatment in humans.
Determinants of success
Authors: R. Garrod, M. Malerba, E. Crisafulli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, pulmonary rehabilitation is a nonpharmacological intervention aimed at improving physical exercise tolerance, dyspnoea and perceived quality of life. However, identifying predictors of clinical response and which patients achieve benefit remains a difficult question to answer with no conclusive data available. Baseline characteristics of COPD patients, such as degree of breathlessness, body weight and arterial partial pressure of oxygen, generally appear to be too direct to have a correlation with improvement of post-rehabilitation outcomes. Furthermore, some additional benefits of patients treated with rehabilitation are simply not detected by usual measures (social interaction, sleep quality and confidence). Although there are some data suggesting that some medical conditions frequently associated with COPD (osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome and heart diseases) may negatively influence rehabilitation outcomes, at present the evidence is contradictory.
Use of Molecular Tumor Characteristics to Prioritize Mismatch Repair Gene Testing in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Melissa C. Southey, Mark A. Jenkins, Leeanne Mead, Jonathan Whitty, Melanie Trivett, Andrea A. Tesoriero, Letitia D. Smith, Kim Jennings, Garry Grubb, Simon G. Royce, Michael D. Walsh, Melissa A. Barker, Joanne P. Young, Jeremy R. Jass, D. James B. St John, Finlay A. Macrae, Graham G. Giles, John L. Hopper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Purpose The relationships between mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), family history, and germline MMR gene mutation status have not been studied on a population basis. Methods We studied 131 unselected patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed younger than age 45 years. For the 105 available tumors, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and MSI were measured. Germline DNA was screened for hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, and hPMS2 mutations for the following patients: all from families fulfilling the Amsterdam Criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC); all with tumors that were high MSI, low MSI, or that lacked expression of any MMR protein; and a random sample of 23 with MS-stable tumors expressing all MMR proteins. Results Germline mutations were found in 18 patients (nine hMLH1, four hMSH2, four hMSH6, and one hPMS2); all tumors exhibited loss of MMR protein expression, all but one were high MSI or low MSI, and nine were from a family fulfilling Amsterdam Criteria. Sensitivities of IHC testing, MSI (high or low), and Amsterdam Criteria for MMR gene mutation were 100%, 94%, and 50%, respectively. Corresponding positive predictive values were 69%, 50%, and 75%. Conclusions Tumor IHC analysis of four MMR proteins and MSI testing provide a highly sensitive strategy for identifying MMR gene mutation–carrying, early-onset colorectal cancer patients, half of whom would have been missed using Amsterdam Criteria alone. Tumor-based approaches for triaging early-onset colorectal cancer patients for MMR gene mutation testing, irrespective of family history, appear to be an efficient screening strategy for HNPCC.
The genome and transcriptome of the enteric parasite Entamoeba invadens, a model for encystation
Authors: Gretchen M Ehrenkaufer, Gareth D Weedall, Daryl Williams, Hernan A Lorenzi, Elisabet Caler, Neil Hall, Upinder Singh
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Several eukaryotic parasites form cysts that transmit infection. The process is found in diverse organisms such as Toxoplasma, Giardia, and nematodes. In Entamoeba histolytica this process cannot be induced in vitro, making it difficult to study. In Entamoeba invadens, stage conversion can be induced, but its utility as a model system to study developmental biology has been limited by a lack of genomic resources. We carried out genome and transcriptome sequencing of E. invadens to identify molecular processes involved in stage conversion.We report the sequencing and assembly of the E. invadens genome and use whole transcriptome sequencing to characterize changes in gene expression during encystation and excystation. The E. invadens genome is larger than that of E. histolytica, apparently largely due to expansion of intergenic regions; overall gene number and the machinery for gene regulation are conserved between the species. Over half the genes are regulated during the switch between morphological forms and a key signaling molecule, phospholipase D, appears to regulate encystation. We provide evidence for the occurrence of meiosis during encystation, suggesting that stage conversion may play a key role in recombination between strains.Our analysis demonstrates that a number of core processes are common to encystation between distantly related parasites, including meiosis, lipid signaling and RNA modification. These data provide a foundation for understanding the developmental cascade in the important human pathogen E. histolytica and highlight conserved processes more widely relevant in enteric pathogens.
The RNA Polymerase I Transcription Machinery: An Emerging Target for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Denis Drygin, William G. Rice, Ingrid Grummt
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2010)

The RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription machinery in the nucleolus is the key convergence point that collects and integrates a vast array of information from cellular signaling cascades to regulate ribosome production that in turn guides cell growth and proliferation. Cancer cells commonly harbor mutations that inactivate tumor suppressors, hyperactivate oncogenes, and upregulate protein kinases, all of which promote Pol I transcription and drive cell proliferation. The intimate balance between Pol I transcription and growth-factor signaling is perturbed in cancer cells, indicating that upregulation of rRNA synthesis is mandatory for all tumors. Though the emerging picture of transcriptional regulation reveals an unexpected level of complexity, we are beginning to understand the multiple links between rRNA biogenesis and cancer. In this review, we discuss experimental data and potential strategies to downregulate rRNA synthesis and induce an antiproliferative response in cancer cells.
The number of excised lymph nodes is associated with survival of melanoma patients with lymph node metastasis
Authors: C.R. Rossi, N. Mozzillo, A. Maurichi, S. Pasquali, P. Quaglino, L. Borgognoni, N. Solari, D. Piazzalunga, L. Mascheroni, G. Giudice, S. Mocellin, R. Patuzzo, C. Caracò, S. Ribero, U. Marone, M. Santinami
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
A MILD CASE OF KERATODERMIA BLENNORRHAGICA
Authors: P. B. MUMFORD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

Journal Article A MILD CASE OF KERATODERMIA BLENNORRHAGICA Get access P. B. MUMFORD, M.B.Vict., M.R.C.P.Lond. P. B. MUMFORD, M.B.Vict., M.R.C.P.Lond. Assistant Medical Officer, Manchester and Salford Skin Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 35, Issue 12, 1 December 1923, Pages 462–464, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1923.tb09078.x Published: 01 December 1923
Methylation-dependent T cell immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis heparin-binding hemagglutinin
Authors: Stéphane Temmerman, Kevin Pethe, Marcela Parra, Sylvie Alonso, Carine Rouanet, Thames Pickett, Annie Drowart, Anne-Sophie Debrie, Giovanni Delogu, Franco D Menozzi, Christian Sergheraert, Michael J Brennan, Françoise Mascart, Camille Locht
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)
Estradiol Treatment and the X-Ray-Induced Acceleration of the Age-Specific Mortality Rate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Henry I. Kohn, Aldo N. Corbascio, Paul H. Guttman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

BALB/c female mice, 430 days old, were irradiated with 250 kvcp X rays (in single or split doses) and were followed for 40 weeks. The irradiation increased the age-specific mortality rate, mx, hut only after a 16-week (403 rads) or an 8-week (831 rads) period. Intramuscular injection (5 µg every 4 weeks) of long-acting estrogen (estradiol-17β-n-valerianate, Delestrogen) practically abolished these latent periods and tended to increase mx throughout the experiment. Estrogen treatment, as reflected in the cumulative percent survival curve, had less effect in the nonirradiated mouse than in the irradiated one. It had more effect on the 403 rad group than on the 831 rad group, and thus brought their survival curves close together. From a study of tumor incidence in decedents and animals that were killed, it was concluded that the effect of estrogen on mortality was not the result of tumor induction, though during the first half of the experiment estrogen tended to hasten the death of irradiated animals with pulmonary tumors.
Gamma-globulin for Prevention of Rubella in Pregnancy
Authors: J. C. McDonald
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms in six patients have been investigated and then repaired under extra- corporeal circulation or hypothermia.The clinical and anatomical features and investigations are described and are compared with cases recorded in the literature.The operative techniques are also described.The investigation of greatest value in the diagnosis and anatomical location of this lesion is retrograde aortography.In two of these six cases atrial septal defects were found, an association not previously reported.In three of the patients the presentation was atypical in that it was of gradual onset.One patient died two months after operation.Four of these patients were under the care of Dr. D. Evan Bedford and Dr. Walter Somerville.We are grateful to them for permission to publish these cases and for their help in writing this report.We are also grateful to Dr. C. B. Matheson
Arthrosonography of hip and knee joints in the follow up of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M Frosch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

To evaluate sensitivity of arthrosonography of hip and knee joints for monitoring disease activity in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).Twenty eight patients with JRA with active disease at entry in 15 hips and 38 knee joints were followed up three times in intervals of 4-6 weeks. Sonographic, clinical, and laboratory findings were documented at the same time in clinically active and inactive disease. As controls of the sonographic variables 10 children without a history of arthritis were examined by ultrasound.In active arthritis of the hip joint 19/31 (61%) examinations showed a pathological widening of the synovial joint space. There was no significant correlation between sonographic and clinical measures of disease activity in coxitis. Marked effusion within the suprapatellar pouch was seen in 87% and thickening of the synovial membrane in 92% of cases of active gonarthritis in patients with JRA. There was a significant difference in the number of patients with joint effusion and in the mean joint effusion between patients with clinically active gonarthritis at entry and inactive arthritis at follow up (p<0.001). In contrast, synovial thickening persisted in about 80% after induction of clinical remission.The data confirm the high sensitivity of arthrosonography in imaging changes in hip and knee joints of patients with JRA. Sonographic effusion of the knee provided the highest correlation with measures of clinical disease activity. Further prospective studies should evaluate whether persistent thickening of the synovial membrane detected by ultrasound in clinically inactive arthritis indicates residual inflammatory activity and an increased risk of relapse.
International evidence-based recommendations on ultrasound-guided vascular access
Authors: Massimo Lamperti, Andrew R. Bodenham, Mauro Pittiruti, Michael Blaivas, John G. Augoustides, Mahmoud Elbarbary, Thierry Pirotte, Dimitrios Karakitsos, Jack LeDonne, Stephanie Doniger, Giancarlo Scoppettuolo, David Feller-Kopman, Wolfram Schummer, Roberto Biffi, Eric Desruennes, Lawrence A. Melniker, Susan T. Verghese
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
Fluctuations of functionally distinct CD8+ T-cell clonotypes demonstrate flexibility of the HIV-specific TCR repertoire
Authors: Dirk Meyer-Olson, Kristen W. Brady, Melissa T. Bartman, Kristin M. O'Sullivan, Brenna C. Simons, Joseph A. Conrad, Coley B. Duncan, Shelly Lorey, Atif Siddique, Rika Draenert, Marylyn Addo, Marcus Altfeld, Eric Rosenberg, Todd M. Allen, Bruce D. Walker, Spyros A. Kalams
Journal: Blood (2005)
Beyond Framingham: Cardiovascular Risk Profiling in ESRD
Authors: William M. McClellan, Glenn M. Chertow
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Three articles in this issue of JASN describe associations among increased risks of cardiovascular disease and lipoprotein(a) levels and particle size ([1][1]), disorders of calcium homeostasis ([2][2]), and plasma vitamin C concentrations ([3][3]). These reports may occasion the reader to question