tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid arthritis: autoreactive T cells recognising a novel 68k autoantigen
Authors: S. Bla , C Haferkamp, C. Specker, M Schwochau, M Schneider, E M Schneider
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> A 68k autoantigen has been identified by specific antibodies from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study considered whether or not this antigen is a target for T cells and thus may play a part in T cell mediated immunopathology of active RA. <h3>METHODS</h3> The 68k antigen was isolated and used in a nitrocellulose bound form to stimulate T cells. Proliferation of T lymphocytes of peripheral blood as well as synovial fluid was measured. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Peripheral blood T cells specifically proliferating against the 68k antigen were detected in 19 of 27 patients with RA (70%). For T cells isolated from peripheral blood, proliferation peaked on day 10. When T cells were isolated from actively inflamed synovial fluid, the proliferation kinetics shifted to a peak on day 3. Blockade of HLA class II antigens resulted in an increase of proliferation in the case of HLA-DP. Applying HLA-DP specific antibodies capable of inhibiting antigen presentation mediated by this molecule, T cells of 17 of 27 RA patients (63%) proliferated to a higher extent than with the 68k antigen alone. The phenomenon that an increased proliferation occurred upon blockade of a particular HLA class II family member was also demonstrated for DQ and DR: the 68k antigen likewise stimulated T cells restricted for DP or DQ, respectively. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The novel 68k antigen is a target of both T and B cellular immune responses and as such could play a part in the immune dysfunction of RA. The finding that blocking of certain HLA class II molecules functioning in antigen presentation (for example, via HLA-DQ) results in a higher instead of lower proliferation in vitro, may argue for the presence of antigen specific suppressive T cells.
Die fotografische und filmische Dokumentation interessanter Befunde bei der Routinepelviskopie
Authors: K. Semm
Journal: Endoscopy (1972)

Die heute übliche Routinepelviskopie mit extrem dünnen Endoskopen erlaubt keine optimale fotographische Befunddokumentation. Ein dreiteiliges, praktisch atraumatisches Dilatationsbesteck ermöglicht die Erweiterung des primären Einstiches von 6 auf 11 mm Ø. Für Lehre und Forschung kann jeder bemerkenswerte Situs auch bei Durchführung einer Routinepelviskopie formatfüllend auf Diaoder Filmstreifen fixiert werden, ohne daß die Patientin ausschließlich für diesen Zweck traumatisiert bzw. zusätzlich gefährdet wird.
Ion channels in human erythroblasts. Modulation by erythropoietin.
Authors: J Y Cheung, M B Elensky, U Brauneis, R C Scaduto, L L Bell, D L Tillotson, B A Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

To investigate the mechanism of intracellular Ca2+ ([Cai]) increase in human burst-forming unit-erythroid-derived erythroblasts by erythropoietin, we measured [Cai] with digital video imaging, cellular phosphoinositides with high performance liquid chromatography, and plasma membrane potential and currents with whole cell patch clamp. Chelation of extracellular free Ca2+ abolished [Cai] increase induced by erythropoietin. In addition, the levels of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate did not increase in erythropoietin-treated erythroblasts. These results indicate that in erythropoietin-stimulated cells, Ca2+ influx rather than intracellular Ca2+ mobilization was responsible for [Cai] rise. Both Ni2+ and moderately high doses of nifedipine blocked [Cai] increase, suggesting involvement of ion channels. Resting membrane potential in human erythroblasts was -10.9 +/- 1.0 mV and was not affected by erythropoietin, suggesting erythropoietin modulated a voltage-independent ion channel permeable to Ca2+. No voltage-dependent ion channel but a Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel was detected in human erythroblasts. The magnitude of erythropoietin-induced [Cai] increase, however, was insufficient to open Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels. Our data suggest erythropoietin modulated a voltage-independent ion channel permeable to Ca2+, resulting in sustained increases in [Cai].
Expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigen in murine ventricular myocytes infected with Coxsackievirus B3.
Authors: Y Seko, H Tsuchimochi, T Nakamura, K Okumura, S Naito, K Imataka, J Fujii, F Takaku, Y Yazaki
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Evidence has accumulated that T cell-mediated autoimmunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. T lymphocytes are known to recognize antigen-presenting cells, such as virus-infected cells, being restricted by syngeneic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. To clarify in more detail the immunological mechanisms involved, we induced acute viral myocarditis in C3H/He mouse ventricles with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and examined, by immunofluorescence, the expression of MHC class I and II antigens, previously reported not to be expressed by normal cardiac myocytes. Furthermore, to confirm the expression of MHC class I (H-2Kk) antigens at the cellular level, we treated cultured cardiac myocytes with interferon gamma and examined the antigen expression by immunofluorescence and Northern blot hybridization, using an antisense RNA probe for MHC messenger RNA. Our observations demonstrated 1) CVB3-induced myocarditis resulted in the enhanced expression of MHC class I (H-2Kk) gene product on the surface of cardiac myocytes but low or undetectable levels of MHC class II or H-2Dk gene products, and moderate focal transient (days 5-7) expression of both MHC class I (Kk + Dk) region gene products and MHC class II antigens were induced on capillary endothelial cells; 2) murine fetal cardiac myocytes cultured in vitro in the presence of interferon gamma similarly were shown to express marked levels of MHC class I (H-2Kk) but low to undetectable levels of the H-2Dk gene product; however, weak to moderate MHC Class II antigens were expressed by these cultured myocytes; and 3) the expression of MHC antigens in cardiac myocytes was modulated at the transcriptional level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Conceptualizing a sunset ≠ using a sunset as a discriminative stimulus
Authors: Carol Slater
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Glenberg offers two different accounts of embodied conceptualization. The first fails in cases where no direct bodily interaction is possible. The second fails in cases where the object in question cannot serve as a discriminative stimulus; moreover, it yields inappropriate content even in cases where it can be applied. Glenberg's disregard for the conceptual agenda set by the social world is also disquieting.
Glucocorticoids enhance acid activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3)
Authors: Patrice M. Ambühl, Xiaojing Yang, Yan Peng, Patricia A. Preisig, Orson W. Moe, Robert J. Alpern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

In the absence of exogenous glucocorticoids, decreasing media pH (from 7.4 to 6.8) for 24 hours increased the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) activity in opossum kidney (OKP) cells. 10–7 M and 10–8 M hydrocortisone increased NHE3 activity, and in their presence, acid incubation further increased NHE3 activity. Hydrocortisone (10–9 M) had no effect on NHE3 activity, but in its presence, the effect of acid incubation on NHE3 activity increased twofold. Aldosterone (10–8 M) had no effect. In the absence of hydrocortisone, acid incubation increased NHE3 protein abundance by 47%; in the presence of 10–9 M hydrocortisone, acid incubation increased NHE3 protein abundance by 132%. The increase in NHE3 protein abundance was dependent on protein synthesis. However, 10–9 M hydrocortisone did not modify the effect of acid incubation to cause a twofold increase in NHE3 mRNA abundance. In the absence of protein synthesis, 10–9 M hydrocortisone did potentiate an effect of acid on NHE3 activity, which was due to trafficking of NHE3 to the apical membrane. These results suggest that glucocorticoids and acid interact synergistically at the level of NHE3 translation and trafficking.
Photodynamic therapy: increasing acceptance through reduction of adverse reactions
Authors: L.R. Braathen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Photodynamic therapy: increasing acceptance through reduction of adverse reactions Get access L.R. Braathen L.R. Braathen Dermatology Bern Im Holenacker 16 CH‐3063 Ittigen Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 6, 1 December 2014, Pages 1298–1299, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13395 Published: 01 December 2014
Letter: Herberden's angina and syncope anginosa.
Authors: B Livesley
Journal: BMJ (1975)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Leaf morphology is one of the most important features of the ideal plant architecture. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling leaf morphology in crops remain largely unknown, despite their central importance. Here we demonstrate that the APC/C<sup>TAD1</sup>-WL1-NAL1 pathway regulates leaf width in rice, and mutation of <i>WL1</i> leads to width leaf variation. WL1 interacts with TAD1 and is degraded by APC/C<sup>TAD1</sup>, with the loss of <i>TAD1</i> function resulting in narrow leaves. The WL1 protein directly binds to the regulatory region of <i>NAL1</i> and recruits the corepressor TOPLESS-RELATED PROTEIN to inhibit <i>NAL1</i> expression by down-regulating the level of histone acetylation of chromatin. Furthermore, biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that TAD1, WL1, and NAL1 function in a common pathway to control leaf width. Our study establishes an important framework for the APC/C<sup>TAD1</sup>-WL1-NAL1 pathway-mediated control of leaf width in rice and introduces novel perspectives for using this regulatory pathway for improving crop plant architecture.
SANITATION AND PROGRESS.
Authors: WALTER WYMAN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Some four years ago, at the meeting of this Congress in the City of Mexico, I had the honor of addressing you upon the subject of "International Responsibility with Regard to Epidemic Diseases." Quite in line with the thoughts then expressed, I have chosen for my subject to-night "Sanitation and Progress," and it will be my effort to show the interdependence of municipal, national, and international effort in the great undertaking of the elimination of contagious disease, and that the twentieth century should witness this achievement. Each morning I open on my official desk a package of newspaper clippings, containing notices of the prevalence of the several contagious diseases throughout the whole United States; and, as I note the varying recurrence of smallpox, diphtheria, typhoid fever, and scarlet fever, the notes upon consumption, the alarms concerning yellow fever and the bubonic plague, the thought which is impressed upon me is
FADS AND FANCIES IN THE PRACTICE OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Authors: GEORGE E. SHAMBAUGH
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Every field of medicine has its fads which for longer or shorter periods occupy the imagination and satisfy the credulity of patient as well as physician. The field of otolaryngology seems to lend itself with peculiar readiness to propositions of this sort. One reason is that the clinical problems in this field are often complicated and therefore less readily understood, even by men restricting their practice to the specialty. It is not my purpose to trace the history of all the fads that have held sway in otolaryngology; I desire only to call attention to a few of the fads and fancies that today are still more or less in vogue in this special field. Perhaps no more spectacular fad had occurred in the history of medicine than that relating to nasal reflex neuroses. Discussions of this subject began when Voltolini, in 1871, reported the cure of two cases of
Infections, Escherichia Coli, and Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Margaret G. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In a prospective study, 457 black children admitted consecutively for serious infections were classified as to hemoglobin genotype, type of infection, and etiologic agent. Of these 457 patients, eight had sickle cell anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] SS). This was eight times the expected frequency. The Hb SS patients had a 25% mortality as compared to 1.5% for Hb AA and AS patients. In analyzing the type of infections and etiologic agents, a significantly increased frequency of pyelonephritis, diarrhea, sepsis, and meningitis was found among the sickle cell disease patients. These infections were due to two organisms, the pneumococcus and<i>Escherichia coli</i>. An increased frequency of infections or specific etiologic agent was not found in the Hb AS group. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1145-1148, 1974)
NI-37 * INCREASED CEREBRAL AMINO ACID UPTAKE DURING AND AFTER EPILEPTIC DISORDERS MIMICS BRAIN TUMOR IN 18F-FET PET
Authors: M. Hutterer, Y. Krenn, A. Kunz, M. McCoy, B. Egger, M. Schroder, C. Wendl, J. Marienhagen, B. Fritsch, H. Urbach, P. T. Meyer, N. Galldiks, K.-J. Langen, P. Hau, E. Trinka
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: O-(2-[F-18]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) PET has become an important diagnostic tool in addition to standard MRI to delineate cerebral gliomas. However, 18F-FET uptake has also been observed in non-tumoral lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report on abnormal non-tumoral 18F-FET uptake in 6 patients with epileptic disorders: Patients A-C with clinically stable anaplastic astrocytoma over years, Patient D with anaplastic oligodendroglioma with stable residual tumor, Patient E with initial diagnosis of glioblastoma, Patient F with subacute cerebral ischemia. All patients presented initially with repeated epileptic seizures or status epilepticus and typical clinical and EEG findings. Standard MRI (T1 + /-contrast, T2/FLAIR) showed cortical and subcortical contrast enhancement and/or T2/FLAIR signal alterations and 18F-FET PET demonstrated a significantly increased cortical amino acid uptake. 18F-FET uptake and contrast enhancement on MRI resolved completely after cessation of epileptic activity. Patient C suffered from a prolonged postictal state. In that patient, EEG monitoring demonstrated a left hemispheric deceleration without signs of epileptic discharges; additionally, 18F-FDG PET and HMPAO SPECT showed cortical glucose hypometabolism and hypoperfusion, not consistent with a status epilepticus. After 14 weeks, clinical symptoms and the cortical 18F-FET uptake resolved completely. CONCLUSION: Abnormal 18F-FET uptake may occur in patients with epileptic disorders in brain areas not infiltrated by tumor. The reason for this phenomenon is yet unknown.
Determinants of Clinical Remission in Recent-Onset IDDM
Authors: Irene M Hramiak, John Dupre, Diane T Finegood
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Objective— To assess the relationship of SI and insulin secretion (C-peptide levels) to remission status in recent-onset IDDM. Research Design and Methods— We followed 22 newly diagnosed patients, of whom 16 received immunomodulatory treatment with low-dose (5 mg·kg−1·day−1) CsA and/or short-term (72 h) methylprednisolone and 6 received standard insulin treatment, at 3-mo intervals for 12 mo. Insulin secretion was assessed by C-peptide levels and AIRglu, which was determined as the area under the insulin response curve, above the fasting level, from 0–10 min after a 0.3 g·kg−1·i.v. glucose xbolus. SI was assessed by the minimal model technique applied to a frequently sampled IVGTT. Clinical remission was defined in those patients who maintained normal range GHb and capillary blood glucose levels &amp;lt;7.8 mM premeal without insulin therapy for a minimum of 14 days. Results— The rate of clinical remission was not different with immunomodulatory treatment; nor were the metabolic parameters of plasma C-peptide levels, AIRglu, and S1 different in the treatment groups. The mean plasma C-peptide level improved significantly at 3 mo and was maintained to 12 mo. AIRglu was grossly subnormal throughout, but a significant improvement was seen at 3 and 6 mo. Mean SI was normalized at 3 and 6 mo but not maintained beyond 9 mo. The maximum rate of clinical remission was seen at 6 mo. Conclusions— Clinical remission in recent-onset IDDM patients is associated with improvement in both insulin secretion and SI. Although the improvement in basal C-peptide persisted, AIRglu increased only transiently and declined as loss of remission occurred in most patients. Loss of remission to an insulin-requiring state is associated with a decrease in SI.
Aberrant DNA Methylation of OLIG1, a Novel Prognostic Factor in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Romulo M Brena, Carl Morrison, Sandya Liyanarachchi, David Jarjoura, Ramana V Davuluri, Gregory A Otterson, David Reisman, Selina Glaros, Laura J Rush, Christoph Plass
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Currently, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging provides the most accurate prognostic parameter for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the overall survival of patients with resectable tumors varies significantly, indicating the need for additional prognostic factors to better predict the outcome of the disease, particularly within a given TNM subset. Methods and Findings In this study, we investigated whether adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas could be differentiated based on their global aberrant DNA methylation patterns. We performed restriction landmark genomic scanning on 40 patient samples and identified 47 DNA methylation targets that together could distinguish the two lung cancer subgroups. The protein expression of one of those targets, oligodendrocyte transcription factor 1 (OLIG1), significantly correlated with survival in NSCLC patients, as shown by univariate and multivariate analyses. Furthermore, the hazard ratio for patients negative for OLIG1 protein was significantly higher than the one for those patients expressing the protein, even at low levels. Conclusions Multivariate analyses of our data confirmed that OLIG1 protein expression significantly correlates with overall survival in NSCLC patients, with a relative risk of 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.77–0.91, p < 0.001) along with T and N stages, as indicated by a Cox proportional hazard model. Taken together, our results suggests that OLIG1 protein expression could be utilized as a novel prognostic factor, which could aid in deciding which NSCLC patients might benefit from more aggressive therapy. This is potentially of great significance, as the addition of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in T2N0 NSCLC patients is still controversial.
Role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography after orthotopic liver transplantation.
Authors: H J O'Connor, C R Vickers, J A Buckels, P McMaster, J M Neuberger, R J West, E Elias
Journal: Gut (1991)

Twelve of 178 (7%) liver transplant patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after transplantation. The indications for ERCP were persistent or late onset cholestasis, recurrent cholangitis, and suspected biliary leaks or strictures. The time between transplantation and ERCP ranged from 44 to 330 days (median 153 days). Biliary complications diagnosed by ERCP included biliary sludge in the form of casts, calculi, or debris (n = 7); bile leaks (n = 2); a biliary stricture (n = 1), and complete biliary obstruction (n = 1). One patient had a normal cholangiogram after transplantation. Biliary sludge was detected by ultrasound before ERCP in only one of six patients. Eight patients underwent endoscopic papillotomy, followed by clearance of biliary sludge in four and dilatation of a biliary stricture in one. Two patients bled after papillotomy but neither required surgical intervention. At a median follow up of 1.2 years (range 0.5-2.8 years), nine patients are well and three have died. ERCP provides both accurate diagnosis of biliary complications after liver transplantation and treatment that obviates the need for additional surgery in selected patients.
A Dose-Attenuation Shield for Use in Glomerular Filtration Rate Computations
Authors: GARY F. GATES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Renal perfusion and function can be determined by renography using Tc-99m DTPA. However, the high dose of tracer necessary for scintiangiography may result in inaccurate syringe-count determinations when measured by the gamma camera necessary for calculating the glomerular filtration rate by a camera technique. This report describes a syringe shield, constructed at minimal cost, which allows for suitable count attenuation and use of high doses of tracer for assessment of both renal perfusion and function.
Evaluation of the turbine pocket spirometer.
Authors: K A Gunawardena, K Houston, A P Smith
Journal: Thorax (1987)

A compact electronic spirometer, the turbine pocket spirometer, which measures the FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in a single expiration, was compared with the Vitalograph and the Wright peak flow meter in 99 subjects (FEV1 range 0.40-5.50 litres; FVC 0.58-6.48 l; PEF 40-650 l min-1). The mean differences between the machines were small--0.05 l for FEV1, 0.05 l for FVC, and 11.6 l min-1 for PEF, with the limits of agreement at +/- 0.25 l, +/- 0.48 l, and +/- 52.2 l min-1 respectively. The wide limits of agreement for the PEF comparison were probably because of the difference in the technique of blowing: a fast, long blow was used for the pocket spirometer and a short, sharp one for the Wright peak flow meter. The FEV1 and FVC showed a proportional bias of around 4-5% in favour of the Vitalograph. The repeatability coefficient for the pocket spirometer FEV1 was 0.18 l, for FVC 0.22 l, and for PEF 31 l min-1. These compared well with the repeatability coefficients of the Vitalograph and the Wright peak flow meter, which gave values of 0.18 l, 0.28 l, and 27 l min-1 respectively. At flow rates of over 600 l min-1 the resistance of the pocket spirometer marginally exceeded the American Thoracic Society recommendations. The machine is easy to operate and portable, and less expensive than the Vitalograph and Wright peak flow meter combined. It can be recommended for general use.
1999 Update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Executive Summary and Recommendations
Authors: Thomas J. Ryan, Elliott M. Antman, Neil H. Brooks, Robert M. Califf, L. David Hillis, Loren F. Hiratzka, Elliot Rapaport, Barbara Riegel, Richard O. Russell, Earl E. Smith, W. Douglas Weaver, Raymond J. Gibbons, Joseph S. Alpert, Kim A. Eagle, Timothy J. Gardner, Arthur Garson, Gabriel Gregoratos, Richard O. Russell, Thomas J. Ryan, Sidney C. Smith
Journal: Circulation (1999)

With Acute Myocardial Infarction have been reviewed over the past 2.5 years
Pulmonary endothelium as a site of synthesis and storage of interleukin‐6 in experimental congestive heart failure
Authors: Roger Gaertner, Delphine Lepailleur‐Enouf, Walter Gonzalez, Antonino Nicoletti, Chantal Mandet, Monique Philippe, Jean‐Jacques Mercadier, Jean‐Baptiste Michel
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2003)
AN APPROACH TO ALCOHOLISM IN THE MILITARY SERVICE
Authors: LOUIS JOLYON WEST, WILLIAM H. SWEGAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

The problem of alcoholism in the military service is briefly reviewed. An experimental program in rehabilitation is described, and the results in 50 cases discussed. These results indicate that the program has been of value. The experience of the workers in this program provides the basis for a new approach to alcoholism in the military service, one that stresses education for prevention and early recognition, encourages referral and self-referral for prompt evaluation and treatment of suitable cases, and provides for a more flexible, rapid, and effective means of disposition within the framework of existing regulations.