tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparison on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their corresponding carcinogenic potencies from a vehicle engine using leaded and lead-free gasoline.
Authors: H H Mi, W J Lee, P J Tsai, C B Chen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Our objective in this study was to assess the effect of using two kinds of lead-free gasoline [including 92-lead-free gasoline (92-LFG) and 95-lead-free gasoline (95-LFG), rated according to their octane levels] to replace the use of premium leaded gasoline (PLG) on the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their corresponding benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP(eq)) amounts from the gasoline-powered engine. The results show that the three gasoline fuels originally contained similar total PAHs and total BaP(eq) contents; however, we found significant differences in the engine exhausts in both contents. The above results suggest that PAHs originally contained in the gasoline fuel did not affect the PAH emissions in the engine exhausts. The emission factors of both total PAHs and total BaP(eq) obtained from the three gasoline fuels shared the same trend: 95-LFG > PLG > 92-LFG. The above result suggests that when PLG was replaced by 95-LFG, the emissions would increase in both total PAHs and total BaP(eq), but when replaced by 92-LFG would lead to the decreased emissions of both contents. By taking emission factors and their corresponding annual gasoline consumption rates into account, we found that both total PAH and total BaP(eq) emissions increased from 1994 to 1999. However, the annual increasing rates in total BaP(eq) emissions were slightly higher than the corresponding increasing rates in total PAHs.
Life quality assessment among patients with atopic eczema
Authors: E.A. Holm, H.C. Wulf, H. Stegmann, G.B.E. Jemec
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Life quality assessment among patients with atopic eczema Get access E.A. Holm, E.A. Holm Division of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Koegevej 7–13, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark *Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark †Department of Biostatistics, LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark Elisabeth A. Holm. E‐mail: rselho@ra.dk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.C. Wulf, H.C. Wulf Division of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Koegevej 7–13, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark *Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark †Department of Biostatistics, LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Stegmann, H. Stegmann Division of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Koegevej 7–13, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark *Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark †Department of Biostatistics, LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.B.E. Jemec G.B.E. Jemec Division of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Koegevej 7–13, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark *Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark †Department of Biostatistics, LEO Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 4, 1 April 2006, Pages 719–725, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.07050.x Published: 01 April 2006 Article history Accepted: 29 August 2005 Published: 01 April 2006
Ethics of Parsimonious Medicine
Authors: David A. Fleming, Lois Snyder Sulmasy
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scientists seek chemical reaction from journalists
Authors: Naomi Marks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Imagine the headline “Water: my miracle hangover cure.” Or try “E-numbers for health and vitality!” What about “Chemical cocktail saves baby's life”? If a campaign aimed at changing journalists' perceptions of all things chemical proves successful, these headlines may not prove too wide of the mark.

This week Sense About Science, a charity promoting an evidence based approach to scientific issues, launched a media briefing paper, “Making Sense of Chemical Stories” (www.senseaboutscience.org.uk). Its aim: to make mincemeat of six misconceptions that surround the science of substances.

These range from the patently ludicrous (that you can lead a “chemical-free life”) to the sadly deluded (that natural chemicals are somehow healthier than synthetic ones). …
Oral food challenges in children in Italy
Authors: A. Martelli, G. R. Bouygue, P. Isoardi, O. Marelli, T. Sarratud, A. Fiocchi
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Epidemiological surveys identify a 900 000‐strong potential paediatric population who may self‐report with food allergy in Italy. As the reference test is the double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenge for diagnosis, we carried out a nation‐wide questionnaire survey of hospital‐based paediatric allergy centres between 1 January and 30 June 2003. Methods: All registered centres received a 27‐point questionnaire polling logistics and protocols of oral food challenge. Items polled included medical facilities and personnel, selection of patients, foods tested, blinding, placebo use, evaluation criteria, number of tests and positive outcome rates in 2002. Results: Two hundred and two of 456 responders (44.3%) carried out food challenges (a ratio of one centre to 37 400 children in the general population). 11 728 challenges were performed in 2002 (an average of 58 procedures per centre; range: 1–500) and 3350 procedures were claimed positive (28.6%). Cow's milk was tested by all centres, egg by 77.2%, beef by 19.8% and cereals, peanuts, fish or fruit collectively by 37.6%. Twenty‐nine of 202 centres performed blinded tests, 18 of which under double‐blinded conditions. In cow's milk challenges, placebos included lyophilized cow's milk capsules, soy formula, extensive whey hydrolysate or extensive casein hydrolysate. Conclusion: Our survey reveals great differences in challenge test criteria, facilities and procedures and that many centres perform relatively few procedures. This argues in favour of greater rationalization in the allocation of tertiary‐level resources before procedure standardization can be contemplated in the diagnostic workup of food allergy.
Laminar Shear Stress–Induced GRO mRNA and Protein Expression in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Hideyuki Hagiwara, Masako Mitsumata, Tetsu Yamane, Xin Jin, Yoji Yoshida
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The shear stress induced by blood flow may play a pivotal role in the induction or prevention of atherosclerosis by changing endothelial functions. To disclose the mechanisms of this change, we prepared an endothelial cell (EC) cDNA library to select specific clones expressed in response to shear stress. Methods and Results —The mRNA of cultured confluent bovine aortic ECs (BAECs) subjected to steady laminar shear stress (30 dyne/cm 2 ) for 4 hours was separated, and a cDNA library was prepared. Nine clones whose expressions were specifically enhanced by the shear stress were selected by use of a differential hybridization method. One clone had 94% homology at the nucleotide sequence level to Oryctolagus cuniculus gro (GRO) mRNA and 79% homology at the amino acid sequence level to human GRO-β. The GRO mRNA expression was increased in both BAECs and human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) after the ECs were subjected to high (30 dyne/cm 2 ) and low (5 dyne/cm 2 ) laminar shear stress. GRO-α and/or -β protein expression also increased after the HUVECs and BAECs were subjected to shear stress. Because GRO protein has been shown to function as an adhesion factor of monocytes on the surface of ECs, we studied whether shear stress–induced monocyte adhesion was caused by GRO protein expression on ECs. The 4-hour shear stress enhanced monocyte adhesion to ECs by 2.5-fold over control levels, and this enhancement was inhibited by 53% by anti–GRO-α antibody. Conclusions —The present study is the first report that shear stress induced the expression of GRO mRNA and protein in ECs and enhanced the monocyte adhesion on ECs via GRO protein. Further investigations of the functions and participation in atherogenesis of this selected clone may clarify the significance of shear stress on atherogenesis.
Acute pulmonary exacerbation and lung function decline in patients with cystic fibrosis: high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) between inflammation and infection
Authors: V Chirico, A Lacquaniti, S Leonardi, L Grasso, N Rotolo, C Romano, G Di Dio, E Lionetti, A David, T Arrigo, C Salpietro, M La Rosa
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Hemodynamic Response to Oxygen Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Richard M. Timms, Fareed U. Khaja, George W. Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

At six centers, 203 patients with stabilized hypoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were evaluated hemodynamically during a continuous or 12-hour oxygen therapy program. Neither oxygen therapy program resulted in correction or near-correction of the baseline hemodynamic abnormalities. The continuous oxygen therapy group did show improvement in pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary artery pressure, and stroke volume index. The improvement in pulmonary vascular resistance was associated with improved cardiac function, as evidenced by an increase in baseline and exercise stroke volume index. The nocturnal oxygen therapy group showed stable hemodynamic variables. For both groups, changes in mean pulmonary artery pressure during the first 6 months were associated with subsequent survival after adjustment for association with the baseline mean pulmonary artery pressure. Continuous oxygen therapy can improve the hemodynamic abnormalities of patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The hemodynamic response to this treatment is predictive of survival.
Stimulation of fibroblast collagen and total protein formation by an endothelial cell-derived factor.
Authors: A G Villanueva, H W Farber, S Rounds, R H Goldstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

We investigated the effect of medium conditioned by bovine aortic endothelial cells on collagen accumulation and total protein formation by human embryonic fibroblasts or bovine smooth muscle cells in cultures. The conditioned medium at a 1:10 dilution induced a twofold increase in collagen and total protein accumulation in fibroblast cultures. At low concentration (1:50 dilution), the conditioned medium stimulated collagen accumulation preferentially; at high concentration (1:10 dilution), overall protein synthesis also was increased. The increase in type I collagen accumulation was associated with an increase in the steady-state level of alpha 1 (I) mRNA for collagen. The conditioned medium increased the production of types I and III collagen without affecting the proportion of collagen types in both fibroblast and smooth muscle cell cultures. Partial purification of the endothelial cell-derived factor disclosed it to be a heat-stable protein with an apparent molecular weight of 8-10 kDa. The stimulation of protein formation by this substance was not inhibited by antibodies against transforming growth factor-beta or the insulinlike growth factor I receptor. The partially purified factor stimulated protein production without affecting fibroblast proliferation. This endothelial cell-derived protein may play a role in the remodeling of vascular connective tissue by stimulating collagen synthesis.
Peroneal Nerve Palsy Following Sequential Pneumatic Compression
Authors: Gregory R. Pittman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism result in significant morbidity and mortality in surgical patients, and the yearly incidence of each is increasing. Prophylactic prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in the surgical patient usually involves either preoperative administration of low-dose heparin, dextran, heparin-dihydroargotamine, or preoperative application of the sequential pneumatic compression device (SPCD) to the lower extremities. As heparinization can be contraindicated in the preoperative patient, use of the SPCD is becoming increasingly popular. Use of this noninvasive prophylactic device has been reported to be without complications.<sup>1</sup>The following case report describes a new potential complication of its use. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 50-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for hematuria. Cystoscopy and biopsy revealed an invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. An SPCD was used both preoperatively and postoperatively as the patient underwent a radical cystectomy with an ileal
Systemic and Local Allergic Reactions to the Tine Test Purified Protein Derivative
Authors: David N. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The Tine Test Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) (Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, NY) is an epicutaneous skin test used to assess cell-mediated immunity to tuberculosis. A systemic allergic reaction temporally following the administration of the Tine Test Old Tuberculin (Lederle) has been reported,<sup>1</sup>but the following is the first report of such a reaction after the Tine Test PPD. Rare local allergic reactions to the test are an immediate wheal-flare reaction and/or a reaction of erythema and induration that peaks after 6 hours and subsides within 24 hours.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 35-year-old white woman with a history of allergic rhinitis for 8 years and urticaria/angioedema due to shellfish ingestion for 9 years received a Tine Test PPD as part of a hospital employee health evaluation. She had received two intradermal Mantoux PPD tests 8 and 16 years previously without experiencing a reaction. She
Intrinsic Tone as Potential Vascular Reserve in Conductance and Resistance Vessels
Authors: Mukesh Jain, Hai Bin Dai, Joseph P. Carrozza, Frank W. Sellke, Kathleen G. Morgan
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background The purpose of this study was to define the degree of intrinsic tone in conductance and resistance vessels, to define the calcium dependency of intrinsic tone in these vascular preparations, and to investigate the efficacy of vasodilatory agents on the level of intrinsic tone in these vascular preparations. Methods and Results All vessels were deendothelialized. Isometric force was recorded from strips of ferret aorta, ferret pulmonary artery, and human coronary artery. Vessel diameter was recorded from the ferret epicardial coronary artery and from ferret coronary microvessel in a pressurized no-flow state. Intrinsic tone was defined as the active increase in force or decrease in diameter with warming from 6°C to 37°C. Changes in force or diameter with various pharmacological agents were expressed as a percentage of intrinsic tone. Our results indicate that intrinsic tone accounts for ≈35% to 40% of total tone in all vascular preparations studied and is not dependent on extracellular calcium. Agents that increased cAMP levels (eg, forskolin, milrinone) and agents that decreased protein kinase C activity (eg, staurosporine) were partially effective in decreasing intrinsic tone. Nitroprusside, adenosine, hydralazine, and nifedipine had no significant effect. Conclusions Our results indicate that intrinsic tone represents a significant component of vascular tone that has not been previously recognized and remains largely unexploited by current pharmacological therapies.
Abstract 4979: Co-operative role for Notch and fibroblast growth factor FGF2 signaling pathways in maintaining malignant phenotype of neuroblastoma: Potential targets for neuroblastoma growth inhibition.
Authors: Umadevi V. Wesley, Cedric S. Wesley, Robert J. Dempsey
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Neuroblastoma, an extracraniel tumor of childhood generally progresses to therapy resistant metastatic tumor. Increased expression and activities of mitogenic FGF and the Notch signaling have been extensively correlated with highly malignant behavior and poor prognosis of many cancers including neuroblastoma, making FGF2-Notch3 as rational targets for therapeutic intervention. We have previously shown that a cell surface protease called dipeptydyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) induces apoptotic cell death of neuroblastoma cells thereby inhibiting their tumorigenic potential. In this study, we further examined if tumor suppressor activity of DPPIV is linked to decreased FGF2 and notch signaling pathways. We utilized Affymetrix microarray gene expression analysis, RNA interference and pharmacological inhibitor approaches, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis in these studies. Our results show that either endogenous up-regulation of DPPIV or exogenous treatment of DPPIV leads to decreased FGF2 and Notch3 levels. Furthermore, inhibition of FGF2 expression using FGF2-targeted small interfering RNA decreased the levels of Notch3 and matrix metalloproteinases leading to down regulation of p-Akt, an important survival factor for tumor cells. Blocking of Notch3 function either through a pharmacological inhibitor gamma secretase, or through shRNA also resulted in decreased p-Akt levels, and increased p21/waf1 and cleaved caspase 3 that are apoptosis inducers. Decreased levels of FG2 and Notch3 were associated with induction of differentiation, apoptosis and growth inhibition of neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-AS). In summary, our studies suggest a cooperative role for FGF2 and Notch3 signaling pathways in maintaining tumor phenotype and blocking of these pathways can lead to neuroblastoma tumor cell death. Thus these studies identify FGF2-Nothch 3 signaling pathways as potential targets for inhibiting growth and survival of neuroblastoma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4979. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4979
Allergy to iprindole (Prondole) with hepatotoxicity.
Authors: L. J. Clein
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MEBRITCSH animals and man.When a dose of phenace- tin was increased from 500 mg. to 2 5 g. in human volunteers the formation and excre- tion of p-phenetidin and 2-hydroxyphenetidin sulphate were both enhanced.Neither of these is a metabolite of paracetamol.They concluded that, as a working hypothesis for further investigation to elucidate the pathogenesis of analgesic nephropathy, phenetidin deserved special consideration.Prescott5 has commented that the metabolism, and possibly the toxicity of phenacetin, may be modified by the previous or concurrent administration of other drugs.There are therefore "logical reasons" for suggesting that the effect of paracetamol on the kidneys may well be different from that of phenacetin, particu- larly when phenacetin is consumed in large amounts.-Weare, etc.,
Patterns of Hostility Revealed in the Fantasies and Dreams of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Harold L. Levitan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Data relevant to the feelings of hostility harbored by 25 women with rheumatoid arthritis is reported. Noteworthy points include: (1) a high incidence of early loss by death, often by suicide, of one of the parents; (2) a high incidence of involvement in incestuous relationships; (3) the occurrence in the period of onset of illness of severe provocation by an ambivalently loved person whom the patient cannot relinquish; (4) the presence of conscious fantasies of revenge toward this person which tend not to be carried over into action; (5) the presence of vicious dreams, often containing frankly oral-sadistic motifs in many of which the patient herself is portrayed in the role of victim.
Human macrophage hemoglobin‐iron metabolism in vitro
Authors: Galen Custer, Stanley Balcerzak, John Rinehart
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract An entirely in vitro technique was employed to characterize hemoglobin‐iron metabolism by human macrophages obtained by culture of blood monocytes and pulmonary alveolar macrophages. Macrophages phagocytized about three times as many erythrocytes as monocytes and six times as many erythrocytes as pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The rate of subsequent release of 59 Fe to the extracellular transferrin pool was two‐ to fourfold greater for macrophages as compared to the other two cell types. The kinetics of 59 Fe‐transferrin release were characterized by a relatively rapid early phase (hours 1‐‐4) followed by a slow phase (hours 4–72) for all three cell types. Intracellular movement of iron was characterized by a rapid shift from hemoglobin to ferritin that was complete with the onset of the slow phase of extracellular release. A transient increase in 59 Fe associated with an intracellular protein eluting with transferrin was also observed within 1 hour after phagocytosis. The process of hemoglobin‐iron release to extracellular transferrin was inhibited at 4°C but was unaffected by inhibitors of protein synthesis, glycolysis, microtubule function, and microfilament function. These data emphasize the rapidity of macrophage hemoglobin iron metabolism, provide a model for characterization of this process in vitro, and in general confirm data obtained utilizing in vivo animal models.
Type I-IFNs control GVHD and GVL responses after transplantation
Authors: Renee J. Robb, Ellen Kreijveld, Rachel D. Kuns, Yana A. Wilson, Stuart D. Olver, Alistair L. J. Don, Neil C. Raffelt, Nicole A. De Weerd, Katie E. Lineburg, Antiopi Varelias, Kate A. Markey, Motoko Koyama, Andrew D. Clouston, Paul J. Hertzog, Kelli P. A. MacDonald, Geoffrey R. Hill
Journal: Blood (2011)