tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intragastric and intravenous routes of glucose/bicarbonate administration in respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: J. M. Abraham, R. J. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Gammaglobulin Prophylaxis MEDICALJOUSNALThis report records only the effect of gammaglobulin on maternal infection, and it is possible that the administration of gammaglobulin, though not preventing maternal rubella, may still reduce the frequency and the severity of foetal abnormal- ities.It is hoped to study the outcome of the pregnancies in the susceptible patients. SummaryIn six areas of England and Wales the incidence of rubella- neutralizing antibody among pregnant women exposed was found to vary from 80 to 95%.Two different dose schedules were used and the prophylactic effect of gammaglobulin in pregnant rubella contacts was inves- tigated.The attack rate in home contacts given 750 mg. of gammaglobulin was 26.7%.In similar contacts given an initial dose of 750 mg.followed by a further 1,500 mg.within 12 days of exposure the attack rate was 31%.In non-family contacts only one out of 69 susceptibles developed evidence of rubella infection.It is a pleasure to record the co-operation of the many general practitioners in the areas served by the six public health laboratories; these investigations would not have been possible without their assistance.
Public Health Bureaucracy
Authors: R. R. Willcox
Journal: BMJ (1957)

The case history is described of a patient referred to our institution with facial nerve palsy following embolization of a middle cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). Facial nerve decompression was performed which showed evidence of extensive penetration of EVOH into the vasa nervosa of the facial nerve. Facial nerve palsy is a debilitating complication that can be avoided by attention to the lower cranial nerve arterial supply during careful procedural planning and consideration of alternative strategies for fistula obliteration in cases where eloquent feeders are involved.
Integrating undergraduate and postgraduate education in general practice: experience in Tayside
Authors: J. Bain, R. Scott, D. Snadden
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Several forces have resulted in the creation in Tayside of the first formally integrated unit of undergraduate and postgraduate education in general practice in the United Kingdom. Forces that helped this integration included the desire for change, national developments in education, financial support through funds set aside to cover the additional cost of teaching, and a management structure which concentrates on shared leadership. Forces that hindered the integration included uneasiness about ideas for reforming traditional structures, institutional inertia, the complexity of financial arrangements, and tensions over priorities. The experience of managing institutional changes in Tayside has been invaluable and will lead to a more cohesive approach to undergraduate teaching, postgraduate training, and the provision of services relevant to the development of general practice.
Seven-year follow-up of heroin addicts: abstinence and continued use compared.
Authors: E Oppenheimer, G V Stimson, A Thorley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Data from a seven-year follow-up study of drug addicts were examined to see whether there were any differences between those who had stopped using opiates and those who had continued to use them. Information about the addicts when they first entered the study in 1969 was also reviewed to determine whether any of their characteristics would have predicted whether they would stop using opiates or continue. Those who had stopped using opiates by 1976-7 were more likely than the continuing addicts to have a job and legitimate source of income, to be in good health, and to have a stable address and less likely to have problems with the law or contact with addicts. In 1969, however, there were few differences between those who eventually stopped using drugs and those who continued, though the former group were younger, had a shorter period of heroin use, and had worked less since they became addicted. Over the seven years9 follow-up the addicts who stopped taking drugs changed most, while those who stayed on opiates changed their life-style very little.
Outcome of oral food challenges in children in relation to symptom‐eliciting allergen dose and allergen‐specific <scp>I</scp>g<scp>E</scp>
Authors: C. Rolinck‐Werninghaus, B. Niggemann, L. Grabenhenrich, U. Wahn, K. Beyer
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Oral food challenge ( FC ) protocols are discussed with reference to starting doses, dose increments, safety, and predictability of results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of eliciting allergen doses, specific I g E levels and predictive factors to the outcome of FC s in children. Methods In 869 children (median age 1.2 years), FC s were performed with cow's milk ( n = 633), hen's egg ( n = 456), wheat ( n = 265) and/or soy ( n = 317) starting at 3–5 mg of protein. Each of the seven doses was administered every 30 min using semi‐log increases. Severity of symptoms was graded from I to V. I g E was determined prior to challenges. Results Of the children allergic to egg or milk, 9% and 10%, respectively, experienced reactions already at the first dose. Of these, 14% (egg) and 4% (milk) experienced grade IV reactions. In contrast, few children reacted to the first doses of wheat or soy, and most reactions occurred after the maximum dose. For all allergens, grade V reactions did not occur. However, grade IV reactions were seen at all eliciting doses. Elevated specific I g E level, young age and a history of atopic dermatitis were associated with a positive challenge outcome for milk or egg, and also I g E levels were associated with lower eliciting allergen doses and more severe symptoms. Conclusion Oral FC s bear a risk of severe reactions at all dose levels. Doses of 3–5 mg protein induced symptoms in up to 10% of children allergic to milk or egg. However, food‐specific I g E levels are of limited clinical value for the estimation of FC reactions.
Normal pregnancy in primary alveolar hypoventilation treated with nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation
Authors: T Pieters, JJ Amy, D Burrini, G Aubert, DO Rodenstein, P Collard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is increasingly used to treat chronic respiratory failure in a wide variety of conditions (myopathies, Ondine's curse, kyphoscoliosis, etc.) and allows a normal everyday life. Some of these diseases affect women of childbearing age. We report on a young woman suffering from primary alveolar hypoventilation, who presented with limitation of daytime activities, severe oxygen desaturation during sleep, polycythaemia and pulmonary hypertension. These abnormalities completely reversed after a few months of NIPPV applied through a nasal mask. Whilst under ventilatory assistance during sleep, she had an uneventful pregnancy and delivery of a normal baby. We suggest that in selected patients requiring NIPPV, pregnancy can be contemplated with a reasonable level of safety both for the mother and the child, provided that adequate mechanical ventilatory assistance during sleep is maintained throughout pregnancy.
Saint Jerome With Saint Paula and Saint Eustochium
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient Factors Associated With Strut Fracture in Björk-Shiley 60° Convexo-Concave Heart Valves
Authors: Alexander M. Walker, Donnie P. Funch, Sandra I. Sulsky, Nancy A. Dreyer
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Previously established predictors of outlet strut fracture in Björk-Shiley convexo-concave (CC) valves include larger valve size, larger opening angle (70° versus 60°), younger age at implant, and date of manufacture. We sought to identify patient characteristics that might be predictive of strut fracture and to refine the estimates associated with previously identified predictors. Methods and Results We conducted a case-control study of CC60° valves implanted in the United States and Canada and manufactured between January 1, 1979, and March 31, 1984. Cases included all valves with verified outlet strut fractures reported to the manufacturer from January 1979 through January 1992. Up to 10 controls were selected for each case. Control valves were matched according to implanting surgeon and were required to have been functioning at least as long as their matched case valves. Case and control medical records were reviewed for information on patient medical history before the valve implant. There were 96 case and 634 control valves for which clinical data were available. Patient age and valve size and implant position were confirmed as important determinants of fracture. There was a strong inverse gradient of risk with age. The risk of fracture was 42% lower for each 10-year increment of patient age at time of implant. Large mitral valves were at greatest risk of strut fracture, with the largest mitral valves (33 mm) estimated to be 33 times more likely to fracture than the smallest (21 to 25 mm) aortic valves. Date of manufacture was also associated with risk; valves welded from mid-1981 through March 1984 were more likely to fracture than those manufactured in 1979 and 1980. Body surface area &lt;1.5 m 2 was associated with 1/16 the risk of body surface area ≥2.0 m 2 . No other patient factor was strongly associated with the risk of strut fracture. Conclusions Few patient features identifiable in the implant record are predictive of strut fracture. Our analysis supports previous work in identifying valve size, patient age, and date of manufacture as predictors of fracture and adds body surface area. A number of these associations suggest that conditions associated with higher cardiac output may also place patients at increased risk.
Shrinking History: On Freud and the Failure of Psychohistory
Authors: John E. Mack
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Psychohistory is the marriage of history and psychology, with the aim of developing a discipline to study the motives and purposes of individuals and groups during important moments in history. As such, it has leaned heavily on psychoanalysis as the psychological member of the partnership, and, as is often the fate of new disciplines, it suffers from superficial and irrelevant findings. In<i>Shrinking History</i>, the author, David E. Stannard, insists that the failures of this union are so enormous that we should just chuck the whole venture. Every physician who has ever taken a patient's history knows that one needs first to gather facts and then must interpret what is collected. History can never be a mere lumping of data, and sometimes one good interpretation of a finding is worth all the rest of a multitude of facts. Dr Stannard clearly feels that we need such interpretations of history, but
A simple hands-off method for converting a biliary drain from mouth to nose
Authors: R. Lu, S.-Z. Wang, B. Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) is a widely used technique for bile duct decompression. It also provides access to the bile duct and allows cholangiography to be repeated. After placement, the drainage tube is left exiting from the mouth and re-routing via one of the nostrils is necessary. Conventionally, a nasopharyngeal tube, which is used as a carrier, is advanced into the patient’s nose and into the posterior pharynx. The endoscopist then retrieves the tip of the tube in the pharynx with his fingers in the patient’s mouth. This step causes discomfort to the patient and puts the endoscopist at risk of being bitten. A new method was reported recently using a pair of grasping forceps to capture the carrier through an end-viewing scope [1]. This method requires, of course, the use of an end-viewing endoscope. We describe here our novel method of extracting the carrier tube using a section of guide wire.
Abstract 2236: Nuclear roundness variance predicts prostate cancer progression, metastasis and death: A prospective evaluation with up to 25 years of follow-up after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Robert W. Veltri, Sumit Isharwal, Craig Miller, Jonathan I. Epstein, Alan W. Partin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction and Objective: Nuclear structure is often altered in cancer due to spatial rearrangements of chromatin organization via activation of oncogenes and other chromatin remodeling genes. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of nuclear roundness variance (NRV) for prostate cancer (PCa) progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death-free survivals in a cohort of 116 men after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: For each patient, ∼150 intact nuclei from the primary tumor were captured using the DynaCELL Motility Morphometry Measurement workstation (JAW Associates, Inc., Annapolis, MD) at a magnification of 1250X in 1992-93. Next, nuclear roundness variance (NRV) was calculated for each of the 116 cases using the this unique shape factor from ∼150 nuclei captured. The resulting variance values were multiplied by 10,000 to determine the NRV factor for each case. NRV data was merged with clinical, pathologic and follow-up data for all patients in 2009. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify significant prognostic factors for prediction of progression, metastasis and PCa-specific death free survivals. Results: Median follow-up time after RP for all patients was 19.0 years (range: 1-25 years, mean: 17.43 years), with approximately 92% (107/116), 71% (82/116) and 47% (55/116) patients having ≥10 years, 15 years and 20 years of follow-up respectively. NRV was the most significant parameter for prediction of all three outcomes and its concordance-index (C-Index) increased from progression (0.7080) to metastasis (0.7332) to PCa-specific death (0.8090) free survival predictions. Of note, NRV C-Index was significantly higher compared to Gleason Score C-Index for metastasis (0.7332 vs. 0.6046; p = 0.027) and PCa-specific death (0.8090 vs. 0.6336; p = 0.004) free survival predictions. However the difference between NRV and Gleason Score C-Indexes was not statistically significant for progression free survival prediction (0.7080 vs. 0.6463; p = 0.106). Conclusions: Variance of nuclear roundness (a measure of tumor heterogeneity) is a valuable nuclear structural feature to assess an aggressive phenotype of prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2236.
The Era of the Patient
Authors: Stanley Joel Reiser
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The emergence of an era that focuses on the experiences of individuals with illness to provide an alternative voice in health care is explored. Antecedent events that caused the eclipse of the patient and challenged the authenticity of personal experience in establishing medical facts—the introduction of the concept of diseases and the technologic revolution in medicine—are examined. Recent events that returned the patient's views to the center of medical attention—the medical ethics and outcomes movements—are analyzed and connected. Recommendations are presented to make the experience of individuals with illness significant features of health care practice, education, research, and policy, and to reverse the view of patients and subjects as individuals benefited by medicine, but unable to help it. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:1012-1017)
Predicting Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease from Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures
Authors: SIMON W. RABKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The relative importance of systolic versus diastolic blood pressure in predicting risk of ischemic heart disease or cerebrovascular disease is controversial. Since 1948 we have observed in the Manitoba Study 3983 men (most between 25 to 34 years old at entry), in whom risk of both diseases was determined using the multiple logistic model. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures after adjustment for age and body weight were compared at entry and at four other examinations during the follow-up period. When both blood pressures were considered together, a stronger association with cerebrovascular disease was found for systolic compared to diastolic blood pressure at entry and at most of the other examinations. For ischemic heart disease, diastolic pressure showed a stronger association at the earlier examinations, whereas systolic pressure was more important when the majority of the cohort was between 40 to 50 years of age. In middle-aged men the general concept that diastolic is more important than systolic is not justified for cerebrovascular disease or for ischemic heart disease.
Histological damage in liver biopsy specimens from 492 HIV-HCV co-infected patients: A European collaborative study
Authors: M. Romero, L. Martin-Carbonero, Y. Benhamou, M. Puoti, J. Rockstroh, A. Arizcorreta, J.A. Giron, V. Asensi, A. Gonzalez, M. Vogel, V. Soriano, J. Garcia-Samaniego
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Our NHS: A celebration of 50 years
Authors: J. E Sabin
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Ed Gordon Macpherson

BMJ Books, £25, pp 227

ISBN 0 7279 1279 8

As an interested and largely admiring observer of the NHS, I have been perplexed by two aspects of its history. First, why are there so many audits, commissions, committees, green papers, inquiries, plans, reorganisations, reports, and white papers? Second, why is this national treasure enveloped in what Enoch Powell described in the 1960s as a “continual, deafening chorus of complaint which rises day and night from every part”? Our NHS: A celebration of 50 years , an engrossing collection of …
Disability Sport Wales Programme: making the connections
Authors: Jon Morgan, Fiona Reid
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Wales is a principality of 2.9 million people which is divided into 22 local authorities. Disability Sport Wales (DSW) has been part of the sporting landscape of Wales since 1995, and now combines provision and development of community, academy and performance level sport, underpinned by appropriate education and training support. In 2002, Wales offered 1200 community participation opportunities a year, rising to 600 000 by 2009; talented athletes are fed into the DSW Academy which launched in 2006 and has so far provided services to 80 emerging athletes; at the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games Wales contributed 31 of the 212 athletes to Team GB. Wales is proud of its successes, and reflects on areas where it can improve provision. This session will provide a overview of the DSW corporate plan (2009–2013), focusing on the developing participant/performer pathway and the pivotal role that education is playing through the process of up-skilling and training key mainstream partners, as the nation drives towards a more inclusive delivery system. The presenters will draw upon their experiences of building their disability sport development model, the critical decisions that have been taken and the tools that have been developed to support the process during the last 10 years.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the (8;14)(q24;q32) translocation and FAB L3 morphology associated with a B-precursor immunophenotype: the Pediatric Oncology Group experience
Authors: F Navid, AD Mosijczuk, DR Head, MJ Borowitz, AJ Carroll, JM Brandt, MP Link, MK Rozans, GA Thomas, MR Schwenn, DJ Shields, TJ Vietti, DJ Pullen
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Fulminant Crohn's colitis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: S A Sonwalkar
Journal: Gut (2003)

We report a case of fulminant Crohn’s colitis that occurred following non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Adoptive transfer of inflammatory bowel disease by haematopoietic cells is recognised in several animal models of inflammatory bowel disease and remission of Crohn’s disease has been reported in patients who have received a bone marrow transplant. However, adoptive transfer of Crohn’s disease susceptibility leading to phenotypic manifestation of the disease after transplantation has not been previously reported. Having ruled out an infective cause of a colitis in this case, we speculated that adoptive transfer of Crohn’s disease may have occurred and performed a genetic analysis of known susceptibility loci for significant donor-recipient mismatches. The donor and recipient had several haplotype mismatches in HLA class III genes at the IBD3 locus. In addition, the donor (but not the recipient) had a polymorphism of the 5′ UTR of <i>NOD2/CARD15</i> that may be associated with Crohn’s disease. This case highlights the question of whether adoptive transfer of Crohn’s disease can occur between allogeneic stem cell transplant donor and recipient, in a similar fashion to that reported for other autoimmune diseases. This report should also stimulate debate regarding the need for stem cell transplant donor screening for inflammatory bowel disease.
Baseline C-reactive protein and cardiac Troponin I as predictors of outcome following percutaneous coronary intervention in stable and unstable coronary disease
Authors: Thuraja Nageh, Roy A. Sherwood, Ray J. Wainwright, Ajay M. Shah, David E. Jewitt, Belinda Asonganyi, Martyn R. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
A QUICK ACTING IRRIGATION CONNECTION FOR THE CYSTOSCOPE
Authors: Beverly Douglas
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The commonly used cystoscope, of which the Brown-Buerger is a type, has an irrigation inlet with the end beaded to receive the rubber connection tube from the irrigation can. This is applied and removed after the introduction of the cystoscope, and often several times during cystoscopy. If the tube is sufficiently tight to prevent leakage, it is difficult to apply without causing the patient pain from the manipulation, and, if it is loose, it slips off of itself or leaks. The connection here described is the outgrowth of an effort to eliminate these disadvantages. It consists essentially of a male portion, beaded at one end to receive the irrigation tube, and, at the other end, a beveled tip which fits exactly into the female tip on the cystoscope. Attached to the male tip is a floating threaded ring which screws over a similar thread on the female tip, thus, by