tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Application of Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: William Gregory Feero
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Amyloid clearly implicated in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> By the end of February 2021, when 48% of the Israeli population was immune, the number of new positive COVID-19 cases significantly dropped across all ages. Understanding which parameters influenced this drop and how to minimize the number of hospitalizations and overall positive cases is urgently needed. In this study we conducted an observational analysis which included COVID-19 data with over 12,000,000 PCR tests from 250 cities in Israel. In addition, we performed a simulation of different vaccination campaigns to find the optimal policy. Our analysis revealed that cities with younger populations reached a decrease in new cases when a lower percentage of their residents were immunized, showing that median age is a crucial parameter effecting overall immunity, while other parameters appeared to be insignificant. This variance between cities is explained by recalculating the immunized population and multiplying each individual by a factor symbolizing the impact of their age on the spread on the virus. This factor is easily calculated from historical data of positive cases per age. The simulation proves that prioritizing different age groups or changing the rate of vaccinations drastically effects the overall hospitalizations and positive cases. <h3>One-Sentence Summary</h3> understanding what influences reaching covid-19 overall immunity and how to maximize the effect of the vaccination campaign.
Vitreous Levels of Placenta Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Yoshinori Mitamura, Asako Tashimo, Yasushi Nakamura, Hiroshi Tagawa, Kenji Ohtsuka, Yuka Mizue, Jun Nishihira
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Placenta growth factor (PlGF) is a close homolog of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), shares receptors with VEGF, and stimulates angiogenesis (1). Intravitreous PlGF levels are elevated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (2), but the relationship between PlGF levels and VEGF levels or clinical activity remains unclear. We attempted to ascertain whether intravitreous PlGF levels correlate with VEGF levels or clinical activity in PDR.

We assayed PlGF and VEGF levels in vitreous samples from 50 consecutive patients with PDR (31 patients) and macular hole (nondiabetic control subjects, 19 patients) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy. The PDR stage was classified as active …
A syndrome of keratosis palmo-plantaris congenita, pes planus, onychogryphosis, periodontosis, arachnodactyly and a peculiar acro-osteolysis
Authors: J.M. PULIYEL, K.S.SRIDHARAN IYER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article A syndrome of keratosis palmo‐plantaris congenita, pes planus, onychogryphosis, periodontosis, arachnodactyly and a peculiar acro‐osteolysis Get access J.M. PULIYEL, J.M. PULIYEL Department of Paediatrics & Neonatology, Medical Trust Hospital, Cochin, India Dr J.M.Puliyel, Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics & Neonatology, Medical Trust Hospital, Cochin‐16, India 682016. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.S.SRIDHARAN IYER K.S.SRIDHARAN IYER H.L.A.M. Medical Centre, Cochin, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 2, 1 August 1986, Pages 243–248, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb05725.x Published: 01 August 1986 Article history Accepted: 08 January 1986 Published: 01 August 1986
Modulation of proinsulin messenger RNA after partial pancreatectomy in rats. Relationships to glucose homeostasis.
Authors: M J Orland, R Chyn, M A Permutt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

These studies of partial pancreatectomy assess pancreatic proinsulin messenger RNA (mRNA) levels as an index of in vivo insulin biosynthesis, and show relationships to glucose homeostasis. Rats were subjected to sham operation, 50% pancreatectomy (Px), or 90% Px, and were examined after 1, 3, or 14 wk. Proinsulin mRNA was measured by dot hybridization to complementary DNA. After 50% Px there was a nearly complete adaptation of proinsulin mRNA. After 90% Px a marked increase of proinsulin mRNA occurred, but it was insufficient and it was not maintained with time. The deficit in insulin production is related to development of hyperglycemia. Sham-operated controls showed no worsening of fasting or fed blood glucose or of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance within the period of observation. Total proinsulin mRNA and pancreatic insulin content rose in proportion to body weight. 50% Px produced no change from controls in body weight or blood glucose. The concentration of proinsulin mRNA in the 50% pancreatic remnant paralleled that of controls after 1 and 3 wk, but then increased after 14 wk, such that total proinsulin mRNA approached control levels. This adaptive response was reflected by changes in serum insulin, but not by pancreatic insulin content, which was only 30% of control after 14 wk. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance was impaired mildly, and did not worsen with time after pancreatectomy. 90% Px led to elevated fed blood glucose and reduced serum insulin after 3 wk, and fasting hyperglycemia was seen after 14 wk. Proinsulin mRNA concentration in the 10% pancreatic remnant showed an adaptive increase after 1 and 3 wk, such that total proinsulin mRNA reached 40% of control. After 14 wk, however, remnant proinsulin mRNA concentration was no longer increased; total proinsulin mRNA and pancreatic insulin content were severely reduced. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance was impaired more dramatically than with the 50% Px animals, and worsened with time after operation. These observations indicate ability to increase proinsulin mRNA levels as an adaptation to pancreatectomy. Insufficiency of this adaptation is associated with the development of hyperglycemia, and the loss of this adaptation correlates with a worsening of glucose tolerance.
Strongyloides Stercoralis Infestation
Authors: G. N. Stemmermann
Journal: JAMA (1960)

It is not generally recognized that patients infested with<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>may have intestinal malabsorption, although this has been demonstrated by roentgenologic techniques. A heavily infested patient manifesting this symptom suffered a lethal reaction to a small dose of dithiazanine iodide. Usually this cyanine dye is sparingly absorbed, and serious toxicity has not been reported during its clinical trials. At necropsy, however, this patient showed evidence of dye absorption in the intestinal lymphatic channels and staining of the viscera. This unexpected reaction may be explained on the basis of phagocytosis of dye particles by the inflamed intestinal mucosa, the process being enhanced by slow transit of the dye through the upper intestine. It is recommended, therefore, that malabsorption be ruled out before giving this drug to patients with heavy infestations of this type.
Labour force participation among patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: A. M J Chorus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVES</h3> To assess work history and labour force participation among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Netherlands. <h3>METHODS</h3> A random sample of 1056 patients with RA aged 16–59 years from 17 rheumatology practices in the Netherlands was examined. Data on disease status and outcome were obtained by a questionnaire including standardised instruments, such as the Rapid Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatology (RADAR) and RAND-36 questionnaires. Labour force participation was defined as having a paid job. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Of the study group with a mean disease duration of 12 years, 35.7% held a paid job (men 56.7%; women 27.7%). When standardised for age, sex, and educational level, the labour force participation of patients with RA was 61.2% compared with 65.5% for the general population, which was not statistically significant. Disease duration of six years and more was negatively associated with labour force participation. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> After controlling for the confounding effects of age, sex, and education, the labour force participation of patients with RA in the Netherlands is only slightly lower than that of the general population.
Home or Hospital Care after Myocardial Infarction: Is This the Right Question?
Authors: A. Colling
Journal: BMJ (1974)

This article attempts to lay down guide-lines for the general practitioner faced with a patient with a myocardial infarction in his home. A too rigid distinction between home or hospital care should not be attempted. Rather the general practitioner should look at home and hospital care and decide which is more appropriate in a particular case. In particular, he must distinguish clearly between cases he sees very soon after an attack and those he sees some hours later. Two hours is suggested as a useful dividing time between the two groups of patients.
Influence of anatomic location on prognosis of malignant melanoma: Attempt to verify the BANS model
Authors: Gary S. Rogers, Alfred W. Kopf, Darrell S. Rigel, Marcia L. Levenstein, Robert J. Friedman, Matthew N. Harris, Frederick M. Golomb, Patrick Hennessey, Stephen L. Gumport, Daniel F. Roses, Medwin M. Mintzis
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1986)
Cardioprotective effects of ranolazine (RS-43285) in the isolated perfused rabbit heart
Authors: M. R Gralinski, S. C Black, K. S Kilgore, A. Y Chou, J. G McCormack, B. R Lucchesi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

The aim was to examine the putative cardioprotective effects of the novel antianginal agent, ranolazine, using an isolated rabbit heart model of ischaemia and reperfusion.Hearts from male New Zealand White rabbits were perfused in the Langendorff mode with a recirculating Krebs buffer at a constant flow of 20-25 ml.min-1. After equilibration, hearts were treated with ranolazine (10 or 20 microM) or vehicle control for 10 min before exposure to a 30 min period of global ischaemia and 60 min reperfusion; a normoxic control group was also studied. Haemodynamic variables (left ventricular pressure), myocardial creatine kinase, and potassium release were measured at baseline (preischaemic) and at selected points during reperfusion; tissue calcium and ATP content were also measured and electron microscopy was performed.Left ventricular developed pressure during reperfusion was improved (p < 0.05) in a concentration dependent manner by 10 and 20 microM ranolazine (the baseline value was unaffected) with the latter dose resulting in a return to preischaemic values. The release of creatine kinase and potassium was reduced in the ranolazine groups (p < 0.05). A 2.5-fold increase in tissue calcium content in vehicle treated hearts at the end of reperfusion (compared to normoxic time control) was reduced by 10 microM ranolazine (p < 0.05) and completely prevented by 20 microM ranolazine. Similarly, the decrease in tissue ATP was largely inhibited by ranolazine in a concentration dependent manner. Electron microscopy showed that 20 microM ranolazine prevented the occurrence of many indications of reperfusion injury observed in vehicle treated control hearts, for example, blurring of myofibrillar Z bands, derangement of myofibrillar architecture, disruption of mitochondrial cristae and matrices, and the appearance of electron-dense bodies within them. The deposition of lanthanum chloride, a marker of blood vessel integrity, is also modified in the ranolazine treated hearts.Ranolazine has impressive cardioprotective properties in an isolated rabbit heart model of ischaemia and reperfusion, suggesting that the drug warrants further research into its precise mechanism of action.
Meralgia Paresthetica and Hypothyroidism
Authors: Guillermo Suarez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 January 1990Meralgia Paresthetica and HypothyroidismGuillermo Suarez, MD, Thomas D. Sabin, MDGuillermo Suarez, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Thomas D. Sabin, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-2-149_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:In 1895 Bernhardt described the syndrome of numbness, burning, and paresthesia in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, corresponding with the distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. That same year Roth termed this syndrome "meralgia paresthetica." Many causes have been suggested including mechanical factors such as obesity, ascites, abdominal distention, pregnancy, and trauma to the inguinal region (1, 2). Wartenberg (3) postulated an association with various infections including herpes zoster. Meralgia paresthetica has also been reported in association with intrapelvic processes and vertebral or disk lesions (4), and Massey reported a familial occurrence of the syndrome...References1. Kitchen C and Simpson J. Meralgia paresthetica. A review of 67 patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 1972;48:547-55. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Kaufmann J and Canoso J. Progressive systemic sclerosis and meralgia paresthetica [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:973. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Wartenberg R. Meralgia paresthetica. Neurology. 1956;6:560-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Staal A. Entrapment neuropathies. In: Vinken PJ, Bruyn GW, eds. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. New York: Elsevier; 1975:285-325. Google Scholar5. Massey E. Familial occurrence of meralgia paraesthetica [Letter]. Arch Neurol. 1978;35:182. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Guillermo Suarez, MD; Thomas D. Sabin, MDAffiliations: Boston City Hospital Boston, MA 02118 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypothyroidismMeralgia paresthetica: 3-Tesla magnetic resonance neurography73-Year-Old Woman With Anterior Thigh PainMeralgia paresthetica: A result of tight new trendy low cut trousers (‘taille basse’)Meralgia Paresthetica: Diagnosis and Management StrategiesMeralgia Paresthetica as the Presenting Feature of Chronic AppendicitisAn anatomic study of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve 15 January 1990Volume 112, Issue 2Page: 149-149KeywordsAscitesHypothyroidismLesionsNervesObesityPregnancy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 January 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans on nesting wood ducks (Aix sponsa) at Bayou Meto, Arkansas.
Authors: D H White, D J Hoffman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Wood ducks (Aix sponsa) nesting along Bayou Meto downstream from a hazardous waste site in central Arkansas were contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Residues in eggs, based on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TCDD-EQ), ranged up to 611 parts per trillion (ppt), and egg arithmetic means were 90-fold higher at the site nearest the point source compared with a reference site. We monitored productivity of wood ducks in artificial nest boxes at three sites on the bayou and at a reference site on a separate drainage during 1988-1990. Productivity was suppressed (p < 0.05) at the bayou sites compared with the reference site, and egg TCDD-EQs were inversely correlated (p < 0.001) with productivity in corresponding nests. The threshold range of toxicity, where reduced productivity was evident in wood ducks (based on TCDD-EQs), was > 20 to 50 ppt. Oxidative stress and teratogenic effects occurred in ducklings at the more contaminated nesting sites nearest the point source. These findings suggest that wood ducks may be more sensitive to PCDD and PCDF contamination than some other aquatic birds and could serve as an indicator species for monitoring biological impacts from these contaminants.
Degranulation of Natural Killer Cells Following Interaction with HIV-1-Infected Cells Is Hindered by Downmodulation of NTB-A by Vpu
Authors: Ankur H. Shah, Bharatwaj Sowrirajan, Zachary B. Davis, Jeffrey P. Ward, Edward M. Campbell, Vicente Planelles, Edward Barker
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
State Medical Association's Role in the Continuing Education of the Practicing Physician
Authors: Donald W. Petit
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A state medical association can have a strong role in continuing medical education if it represents the physician, bears the responsibility and privilege for continuing education of its members, and recognizes today's needs and inadequacies in this field. It can act as a catalyst between its members and medical educators; it can coordinate educational activities of other organizations and can provide leadership in developing evaluation programs; it can serve in accreditation activities; it can help in motivating the physician to participate in continuing medical education; it can strengthen the relationship between medical schools, medical societies, and hospitals; it can provide a statewide forum for exchange of ideas and problems in continuing medical education. I suggest that the American Medical Association provide an annual national forum for all state medical associations to accomplish the same goals together.
A Critical Review of the First 10 Years of Candidate Gene-by-Environment Interaction Research in Psychiatry
Authors: Laramie E. Duncan, Matthew C. Keller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2011)

Gene-by-environment interaction (G×E) studies in psychiatry have typically been conducted using a candidate G×E (cG×E) approach, analogous to the candidate gene association approach used to test genetic main effects. Such cG×E research has received widespread attention and acclaim, yet cG×E findings remain controversial. The authors examined whether the many positive cG×E findings reported in the psychiatric literature were robust or if, in aggregate, cG×E findings were consistent with the existence of publication bias, low statistical power, and a high false discovery rate.The authors conducted analyses on data extracted from all published studies (103 studies) from the first decade (2000-2009) of cG×E research in psychiatry.Ninety-six percent of novel cG×E studies were significant compared with 27% of replication attempts. These findings are consistent with the existence of publication bias among novel cG×E studies, making cG×E hypotheses appear more robust than they actually are. There also appears to be publication bias among replication attempts because positive replication attempts had smaller average sample sizes than negative ones. Power calculations using observed sample sizes suggest that cG×E studies are underpowered. Low power along with the likely low prior probability of a given cG×E hypothesis being true suggests that most or even all positive cG×E findings represent type I errors.In this new era of big data and small effects, a recalibration of views about groundbreaking findings is necessary. Well-powered direct replications deserve more attention than novel cG×E findings and indirect replications.
Abolition and modification of reentry within the His-Purkinje system by procainamide in man.
Authors: C P Reddy, M Lynch
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The effects of intravenous procainamide infusion of 10--14 mg/kg body weight (i.e., 750 mg) of procainamide (PA) on reentry within the His-Purkinje system (HPS) were studied in 13 patients using His bundle electrograms and ventricular extrastimulus method. PA abolished reentry in eight patients (group 1) and decreased the width of reentry zone in the remaining five (group 2). At comparable S1S2 intervals, the S2H2 intervals after PA were longer than control in all patients. In group 1 patients, after PA, reentry did not occur even at S2H2 intervals that were significantly longer than control critical S2H2 intervals. In two of eight patients in group 1, PA abolished reentry by converting unidirectional block into bidirectional block in the antegrade limb (right bundle) of the reentry circuit. In the remaining six patients reentry was abolished because of consistent retrograde block of S2 impulse at some point between the site of stimulation and the His bundle recording site. In group 2, reentry was initiated after PA at approximately the same S1S2 intervals as in control, but required significantly longer S2H2 intervals; in these patients the zone of reentry was shortened due to increase in effective refractory period of the ventricular muscle. PA significantly increased the functional refractory period of HPS and the effective refractory period of ventricular muscle. The results of this study differ from the previously reported effects of lower concentrations of PA which facilitated reentry within the same circuit. We conclude that the effects of PA on reentry are dose-related and can both facilitate and suppress reentry, depending on critical changes in conduction and refractoriness of the HPS.
Dissolution of Cystine Stones During d-Penicillamine Treatment of a Pregnant Patient with Cystinuria
Authors: J. C. Crawhall, E. F. Scowen, C. J. Thompson, R. W. E. Watts
Journal: BMJ (1967)

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