tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Principles of the Association and the Interrogatories of the Council
Authors: J. Cartwright
Journal: BMJ (1850)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Recent technological developments in mobile brain and body imaging are enabling new frontiers of real-world neuroscience. Simultaneous recordings of body movement and brain activity from highly skillful individuals as they demonstrate their exceptional skills in real-world settings, can shed new light on neurobehavioural structure of human expertise. Driving is a real-world skill which many of us acquire on different levels of expertise. Here we ran a case-study on a subject with the highest level of driving expertise - a Formula E Champion. We studied the expert driver’s neural and motor patterns while he drove a sports car in the “Top Gear” race track under extreme conditions (high speed, low visibility, low temperature, wet track). His brain activity, eye movements and hand/foot movements were recorded. Brain activity in the delta, alpha, and beta frequency bands showed causal relation to hand movements. We demonstrate, here in summary, that even in extreme situations (race track driving) a method for conducting human ethomic (Ethology + Omics) data that encompasses information on the sensory inputs and motor outputs outputs of the brain as well as brain state to characterise complex human skills.
RETRACTED: Self-assembled phenylalanine-α,β-dehydrophenylalanine nanotubes for sustained intravitreal delivery of a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Authors: Jiban J. Panda, Sarath Yandrapu, Rajendra S. Kadam, Virander S. Chauhan, Uday B. Kompella
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Large Abdominal Gas Pocket
Authors: Robert A. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Common   Bladder, emphysematous cystitis  Cecal distension, obstructive or nonobstructive  Gastric obstruction  Pneumoperitoneum, free or loculated  Volvulus of stomach, small bowel, or colon   Uncommon   Abdominal wall gas (postoperative, abscess)  Amnionitis, endometritis  Blind loop syndrome  Duplication  Hernia, obstructed  Hydropneumometrocolpos, vaginitis emphysematosa  Infected fibroid  Liver abscess or gangrene  Meckel diverticulum, giant colon diverticulum  Pancreatic gas abscess  Pregnancy, extrauterine, with perforation into colon  Psoas abscess  Small-bowel obstruction, chronic  Subphrenic abscess  Tubo-ovarian abscess   Diagnosis  Tubo-ovarian abscess  Comment  A 47-year-old woman, gravida 6, para 4, abortus 2, was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and a large abdominal mass. She had a temperature of 39 C (102 F) and a white blood cell (WBC) count of 13,300/cu mm. The abdominal mass was palpable from the pelvis extending two to three fingerbreadths above
Doctors, drugs, and the DHSS
Authors: D. Grimes
Journal: BMJ (1985)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Myocardial Brg1 is essential for heart regeneration in zebrafish, but it remains unknown whether and how endothelial Brg1 plays a role in heart regeneration. Here, we found that both <i>brg1</i> mRNA and protein were induced in cardiac endothelial cells after ventricular resection, and endothelium-specific over-expression of dominant-negative <i>Xenopus</i> Brg1 (DN-xBrg1) inhibited myocardial proliferation and heart regeneration and increased cardiac fibrosis. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis revealed that the endothelium-specific over-expression of DN-xBrg1 changed the levels of H3K4me3 modifications in the promoter regions of the zebrafish genome and induced abnormal activation of Notch family genes upon injury. Mechanistically, Brg1 interacted with lysine demethylase 7aa (Kdm7aa) to fine-tune the level of H3K4me3 within the promoter regions of Notch family genes and thus regulated Notch gene transcription. Together, this work demonstrates that the Brg1-Kdm7aa-Notch axis in cardiac endothelial cells, including the endocardium, regulates myocardial proliferation and regeneration <i>via</i> modulating the H3K4me3 of the Notch promoters in zebrafish.
Genetic counseling. Considerations for talking to parents and prospective parents
Authors: H. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In most medical practices, advice about the possibility of the recurrence of a genetic disease or a congenital anomaly is usually sought by parents who have already produced an affected child or by prospective parents, one of whom may be affected or has a family history of what may be a genetically determined disease. Such advice is requested not only about the rare genetic disorders but also about fairly common conditions such as epilepsy and diabetes. With a precise diagnosis, a carefully elicited family history, and an adequate understanding of the principles involved, the genetic prognosis can be given in most cases as a probability statement with a high degree of confidence. But further, discussion of the implications of a genetic prognosis must be related to the personal circumstances of the individuals concerned and requires high doctor-patient rapport.
Beneficial effects of hydralazine on rest and exercise hemodynamics in patients with chronic severe aortic insufficiency.
Authors: B H Greenberg, H DeMots, E Murphy, S Rahimtoola
Journal: Circulation (1980)

We studied the effects of afterload reduction in chronic severe aortic insufficiency by measuring the hemodynamic response to oral hydralazine in 10 consecutive patients. Hemodynamics were also measured during maximal exercise in eight of these patients. At rest, hydralazine reduced pulmonary artery wedge pressure from 14 to 9 mm Hg (p less than 0.01), and increased cardiac index by 70% and stroke volume index by 35% (both p less than 0.001). Before hydralazine, pulmonary artery wedge pressure exceeded 20 mm Hg in five patients during maximal exercise; with hydralazine, at identical levels of exercise, pulmonary artery wedge pressure remained below 20 mm Hg in all patients. For the group, hydralazine reduced pulmonary artery wedge pressure from 21 to 12 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and increased cardiac index by 31% (p less than 0.05) during exercise; changes in stroke volume index were more variable and there was no significant increase for the group, although several patients increased stroke volume substantially and the overall increase was 34%. These data show that afterload reduction has beneficial effects on cardiac performance in chronic severe aortic insufficiency both at rest and during exercise. Hydralazine may be of use in such patients either in preparation for valve replacement or as interim therapy.
Mental Illness and Violent Acts: Protecting the Patient and the Public
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Institutional Tuberculosis Transmission. Controlled Trial of Upper Room Ultraviolet Air Disinfection: A Basis for New Dosing Guidelines
Authors: Matsie Mphaphlele, Ashwin S. Dharmadhikari, Paul A. Jensen, Stephen N. Rudnick, Tobias H. van Reenen, Marcello A. Pagano, Wilhelm Leuschner, Tim A. Sears, Sonya P. Milonova, Martie van der Walt, Anton C. Stoltz, Karin Weyer, Edward A. Nardell
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: Transmission is driving the global tuberculosis epidemic, especially in congregate settings. Worldwide, natural ventilation is the most common means of air disinfection, but it is inherently unreliable and of limited use in cold climates. Upper room germicidal ultraviolet (UV) air disinfection with air mixing has been shown to be highly effective, but improved evidence-based dosing guidelines are needed.Objectives: To test the efficacy of upper room germicidal air disinfection with air mixing to reduce tuberculosis transmission under real hospital conditions, and to define the application parameters responsible as a basis for proposed new dosing guidelines.Methods: Over an exposure period of 7 months, 90 guinea pigs breathed only untreated exhaust ward air, and another 90 guinea pigs breathed only air from the same six-bed tuberculosis ward on alternate days when upper room germicidal air disinfection was turned on throughout the ward.Measurements and Main Results: The tuberculin skin test conversion rates (>6 mm) of the two chambers were compared. The hazard ratio for guinea pigs in the control chamber converting their skin test to positive was 4.9 (95% confidence interval, 2.8–8.6), with an efficacy of approximately 80%.Conclusions: Upper room germicidal UV air disinfection with air mixing was highly effective in reducing tuberculosis transmission under hospital conditions. These data support using either a total fixture output (rather than electrical or UV lamp wattage) of 15–20 mW/m3 total room volume, or an average whole-room UV irradiance (fluence rate) of 5–7 μW/cm2, calculated by a lighting computer-assisted design program modified for UV use.
Siglec‐F antibody administration to mice selectively reduces blood and tissue eosinophils
Authors: N. Zimmermann, M. L. McBride, Y. Yamada, S. A. Hudson, C. Jones, K. D. Cromie, P. R. Crocker, M. E. Rothenberg, B. S. Bochner
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of receptors that bind sialic acid and mostly contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, suggesting that these molecules possess inhibitory functions. We have recently identified Siglec-8 as an eosinophil-prominent Siglec, and cross-linking of Siglec-8 on human eosinophils induces apoptosis. In this article, we address the in vivo consequences of Siglec engagement. We and others have identified mouse Siglec-F as the closest functional paralog of human Siglec-8, based on shared ligand-binding and expression pattern. We therefore hypothesized that Siglec-F engagement would affect levels and viability of eosinophils in vivo.Wild type and hypereosinophilic mice were administered Siglec-F antibody and levels of eosinophils in peripheral blood and tissue were measured. Eosinophil apoptosis (in vivo and in vitro) was determined by binding of Annexin-V.Studies in IL-5 transgenic mice, displaying hypereosinophilia, show that administration of a single dose of Siglec-F antibody results in rapid reductions in quantum of eosinophils in the blood. This decrease was accompanied by reductions in tissue eosinophils. Quantum of eosinophils in blood was decreased using two separate antibodies, as well as in other mouse models (wild type mice and in a mouse model of chronic eosinophilic leukemia). Mechanistic studies demonstrated that Siglec-F antibody administration induced apoptosis of eosinophils in vivo and in vitro.These data demonstrate that activation of innate immune receptors, like Siglec-F, can significantly reduce mouse eosinophil viability. As such, targeting Siglec-8/F may be a therapeutic approach for eosinophilic disorders.
THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF THE PREBACILLARY STAGE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: J. M. ANDERS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

By the title of this article is meant that variable period in pulmonary tuberculosis which precedes the presence of tubercle bacilli in the sputum. It is not synonymous with the term "pretubercular stage," which has reference either to an inherited or acquired predisposition merely, or to a latent tuberculous process. The prebacillary stage, as here defined, is oftimes of long duration. Concerning the stage of enclosure Allbutt<sup>1</sup>observes that an examination of the sputum can not help us decisively in tuberculous endobronchitis. In my own experience the bacilli were sometimes not found in the sputum for months, or even a year, after the apparent onset. Turban<sup>2</sup>examined the sputum in the first stage in 408 cases and failed to find tubercle bacilli in 59.8 per cent. It may be safely affirmed, then, that an antecedent well-characterized clinical stage is often observed. Eichhorst<sup>3</sup>forcibly remarks, "Certainly one finds
BMA examines options for funding the NHS
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Charges for patients, more private insurance, and a move to a system based on social insurance could all generate additional funds for the NHS, the BMA suggests in a new examination of financing. And it warns that charges might be needed if the additional money—estimated by the association to be £1.5bn-£2bn ($2.4bn-$3.2bn) a year over the next four years—is not forthcoming.

At present the BMA's policy is against charges, and the association believes that the financial needs of the NHS are best met from public funding, but because taxation and prescription charges produce insufficient funds, this year's annual meeting called for a re-examination of additional methods of financing (12 July, p 128).

In Options for Funding Health …
Double accessory pathways in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: A Castellanos, A S Agha, B Befeler, R J Myerburg
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Intracardiac electrophysiological studies were performed in two patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. Atrial pacing at increasing rates or shorter coupling intervals produced inscription of the forward His bundle deflection at progressively longer intervals after the onset of ventricular depolarization. There was an associated increase in QRS duration without any change in the P-R (or St-V) interval. This response was consistent with a Kent bundle. Case 1 also had a short A-H interval which did not show the expected prolongation with stimulation at progressively faster rates. This suggested the presence of a James bundle in addition to the Kent bundle. In case 2 beats conducted exclusively through the atrioventricular (A-V) node had a short H-V interval but a delta wave was not inscribed. Absence of an initial slurring was attributed to the existence of an infra-His bundle bypass of the Mahaim type causing only slight pre-excitation, which was not of sufficient magnitude to be recorded by body surface leads. However, the existence of a congenitally short anterosuperior division of the left bundle could nt be excluded.
Points: Accidental digitalis poisoning due to drinking herbal tea
Authors: G P Spickett
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Morris mentions several precipitating causes of infective endocarditis culled from the studies by Bayliss et al' 2 (25 May, p 1532).I would like to draw attention to an important and often forgotten route of introduction of sepsis in patients at risk in hospitals- from intravenous drip or venepuncture sites. 3Recently, we saw two children aged 11 and 12 who presented with relapse of their rheumatic fever with flitting arthralgia, pericardial rubs, and fever.These symptoms subsided on aspirin and bed rest but a week later a high swinging fever was noted, with changing heart murmurs and evidence of heart failure in one case.One of the blood cultures subsequently grew a penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.The child died despite high dose intravenous penicillin, cefuroxime, and cloxacillin.In the second case no pathogens were grown despite repeated blood cultures, but the fever was later controlled with cefuroxime, cloxacillin, and gentamycin.The most likely site of entry of the organism was through the drip site, where both children had developed mild cellulitis, and neither had received any antibiotics.Poorly cleaned venepuncture sites for routine blood investigations were another possible site of entry.Routine setting up of drips in casualty is a common practice and is often far from being an aseptic procedure.Those who practise this must realise that it is not without risk, especially to patients with valvular heart disease.We believe that care with cleaning the drip site with iodine, introduction of the intravenous cannula by an aseptic technique, and regular change of drip sites before cellulitis sets in are the best ways of preventing infective endocarditis in patients at risk.
The Reporting of Laboratory Data Interpretations: To Omit or Commit?
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Elsewhere in this issue (p 1556), Speicher and Smith report on the current status of interpretive data reporting by clinical laboratories in the United States. Included in this important article are comments that relate to a potential for professional liability for the respective clinician who receives interpretive comments on a laboratory report from a pathologist. The authors note that many laboratory directors believe that the placing of such interpretive comments, diagnostic suggestions, and recommendations for subsequent actions may produce a substantial degree of liability for the physician of record who ordered the test in case he or she does not follow the suggested course of action. Thus, careful language has evolved to couch the comments in such a way as to build a hedge situation, provide an escape hatch, and not lock the clinician into any specific action.  Despite these apprehensions, aggressive pathologists increasingly have innovated methods of reporting of
Cutaneous larva migrans—'recurrens'
Authors: S.K. Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Cutaneous larva migrans—‘recurrens’ Get access S.K. Jones S.K. Jones Department of Dermatology. Clatterbridge Hospital. Bebington. Wirral. Merseyside L63 4JY. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 4, 1 April 1994, Page 546, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb03400.x Published: 01 April 1994
Extra 2m is needed to improve mental healthcare intelligence, conference hears
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Mental healthcare remains blighted by “unacceptable and extreme variation” in access to services, a leading NHS England expert has said. Geraldine Strathdee, NHS England’s national clinical director for mental health, said that £2m (€2.7m; $3.1m) extra investment was needed in data and intelligence gathering to speed up improvements to care. 

She said that many people, including those experiencing a “crisis,” could not readily get information, advice, and effective treatment. While in some parts of the country almost 90% of people were receiving physical health checks and treatment if they had a severe mental health problem, elsewhere it could be 30%. “That is unacceptable variation,” she said. “We know how to speed up improvement—why aren’t we doing it?”

Strathdee was speaking at a seminar called “Next steps for mental health: funding, resources and policy priorities” held …
The effect of delivering the chemokine SDF-1α in a matrix-bound manner on myogenesis
Authors: Fabien Dalonneau, Xi Qiu Liu, Rabia Sadir, Jorge Almodovar, Hichem C. Mertani, Franz Bruckert, Corinne Albiges-Rizo, Marianne Weidenhaupt, Hugues Lortat-Jacob, Catherine Picart
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Intracerebral Hematoma
Authors: Stewart P. Axelbaum
Journal: JAMA (1976)

COMPUTERIZED tomographic (CT) scanning<sup>1</sup>has rapidly achieved wide acceptance, as evidenced by recent reports of the clinical usefulness of the technique.<sup>2-13</sup>Intracerebral hemorrhage has commanded particular attention because CT scanning permits clear localization and unequivocal characterization of the hemorrhage. A general description of the ACTA (automatic computerized transverse axial) scanner and early clinical results have been presented elsewhere<sup>8,9,11</sup>; our experience with intracerebral hemorrhage will be emphasized here. <h3>Methods and Materials</h3> The instrument's data output is only summarized, as more detailed descriptions are published separately.<sup>9,11</sup>The images of the scanned tissue slices are simultaneously displayed on both a color and black-and-white television monitor. The scans are composed of a matrix of squares (160 × 160), each of which corresponds to a tissue block 1.5×1.5×7.5 mm (7.5 mm is the thickness of the cross-sectional anatomic slice). A range of ACTA numbers on a scale from 0 to 2,048
Myocardial overexpression of the cardiac b-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 inhibitor (BARKI) delay the development of cardiomyopathy induced by myocardial expression of monocyte chemo-tactic protein-1 (MCP-1)
Authors: Samer J. Khouri, Philip Binkley, Walter Koch, Pappachan Kolattukudy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Coxsackie B virus and diabetes.
Authors: J K Wales, M H Hambling
Journal: BMJ (1973)

this problem we have collected the following information.In November 1972, 5,165 patients were sent for a radiological examination at the Radclffe Infirmary; 2,158 were females, and 181 of these who were between the ages of 15 and 45 years had examinations of the abdomen and pelvic regions.At the Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre for the same month the total was 1,321 patients; 702 were females and 87 of these between the ages of 15 and 45 had eamntions of the abdomen and
Melphalan in the Treatment of Myelomatosis
Authors: D. E. Speed, D. A. G. Galton, A. Swan
Journal: BMJ (1964)

This paper reports the results of 33 months' trial of melphalan (p-di-(2-chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine; " alkeran ") in the treatment of myelomatosis.This aromatic nitrogen mustard was synthesized by Bergel and Stock (1953).The racemic form, merphalan (sarcolysin), was synthesized in Moscow (Larionov, Khokhlov, Shkodinskaja, Vasina, Troosheikina, and Novikova, 1955).The trial started in December 1959, and 20 patients were first treated between that date and 1 March 1962.This report includes observations made up to 1 September 1962, when seven patients had died.The shortest possible period of follow-up was thus six months.Three cases (Nos. 2, 3,and 13) have been reported elsewhere (Swan, 1962).Table I shows the age and sex of the patients, the interval between the time of diagnosis and the start of melphalan therapy, the previous treatment received, the duration of observation of each patient after the start of melphalan therapy, and the number of courses of melphalan administered.The diagnosis had been established less than one year before the start of melphalan therapy in five cases, between one and two years in seven, and between two and six and three quarter years in eight.Two patients received only one course of melphalan, seven received two to five courses, 10 received 6 to 12 courses, and one received 19.One patient receiving melphalan was observed for two and a half years, six were treated for 12 to 18 months, and 13 for less than one year.Seven patients had had no previous treatment for myelomatosis, while eight had received local x-ray therapy for the relief of pain.Three of 11 11