tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypercholesterolemia is associated with a T helper (Th) 1/Th2 switch of the autoimmune response in atherosclerotic apo E-knockout mice.
Authors: X Zhou, G Paulsson, S Stemme, G K Hansson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory-fibrotic response to accumulation of cholesterol in the artery wall. In hypercholesterolemia, low density lipoproteins (LDL) accumulate and are oxidized to proinflammatory compounds in the arterial intima, leading to activation of endothelial cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes. We have studied immune cell activation and the autoimmune response to oxidized LDL in atherosclerotic apo E-knockout mice. Autoantibodies to oxidized LDL exhibited subclass specificities indicative of T cell help, and the increase in antibody titers in peripheral blood was associated with increased numbers of cytokine-expressing T cells in the spleen. In addition to T cell-dependent antibodies, IgM antibodies to oxidized LDL were also increased in apo E-knockout mice. This suggests that both T cell-dependent and T cell-independent epitopes may be present on oxidized LDL. In moderate hypercholesterolemia, IgG antibodies were largely of the IgG2a isotype, suggesting that T cell help was provided by proinflammatory T helper (Th) 1 cells, which are prominent components of atherosclerotic lesions. In severe hypercholesterolemia induced by cholesterol feeding of apo E-knockout mice, a switch to Th2-dependent help was evident. It was associated with a loss of IFN-gamma-producing Th1 cells in the spleen, whereas IL-4-producing Th2 cells were more resistant to hypercholesterolemia. IFN-gamma but not IL-4 mRNA was detected in atherosclerotic lesions of moderately hypercholesterolemic apo E-knockout mice, but IL-4 mRNA appeared in the lesions when mice were made severely hypercholesterolemic by cholesterol feeding. These data show that IFN-gamma-producing Th1 cells infiltrate atherosclerotic lesions and provide T cell help for autoimmune responses to oxidized LDL in apo E-knockout mice. However, severe hypercholesterolemia is associated with a switch from Th1 to Th2, which results not only in the formation of IgG1 autoantibodies to oxidized LDL, but also in the appearance of Th2-type cytokines in the atherosclerotic lesions. Since the two subsets of T cells counteract each other, this switch may have important consequences for the inflammatory/immune process in atherosclerosis.
Specificity and function of a human autologous reactive T cell.
Authors: P B Hausman, J D Stobo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

Normal human peripheral blood contains a population of T cells (autologous reactive cells [ARC]) capable of proliferating in response to signals from autologous B cells and monocytes. Selective suicide of proliferating ARC with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and light demonstrated that this ARC was responsive to signals coded for by genes more closely linked to the HLA-DR, than to the HLA-A, or HLA-B, loci. Density-gradient fractionation of T cells indicated that populations enriched in ARC reactivity were also enriched for helper influences required for Ig synthesis by autologous B cells. In contrast, populations negatively selected for proliferating ARC were deficient in helper activity. These studies indicate that the ARC is responsive, at least in part, to products of genes closely linked to the HLA-DR locus and can function as a helper cell.
Correlation between Ocular Demodex Infestation and Serum Immunoreactivity to Bacillus Proteins in Patients with Facial Rosacea
Authors: Jianjing Li, Niamh O'Reilly, Hosam Sheha, Raananah Katz, Vadrevu K. Raju, Kevin Kavanagh, Scheffer C.G. Tseng
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Peptide growth factors and preimplantation development
Authors: M. Kane
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1997)

This paper examines some of the problems and questions that must be considered in relation to research on the role of growth factors in preimplantation embryos. It reviews and summarizes the large body of work on gene expression of growth factor receptors and ligands in preimplantation embryos and in oviduct and uterine tissue. It also reviews the literature on the effects of gene knockout in preimplantation embryos and concludes with a review of work on the effects of growth factors on cultured embryos.
DNA vaccination with CD25 protects rats from adjuvant arthritis and induces an antiergotypic response
Authors: Avishai Mimran, Felix Mor, Pnina Carmi, Francisco J. Quintana, Varda Rotter, Irun R. Cohen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Ab’s to the α-chain of the IL-2 receptor (anti-CD25) are used clinically to achieve immunosuppression. Here we investigated the effects of DNA vaccination with the whole CD25 gene on the induction of rat adjuvant arthritis. The DNA vaccine protected the rats and led to a shift in the cytokine profile of T cells responding to disease target antigens from Th1 to Th2. The mechanism of protection was found to involve the induction of an antiergotypic response, rather than the induction of anti-CD25 Ab’s. Antiergotypic T cells respond to activation molecules, ergotopes, expressed on syngeneic activated, but not resting, T cells. CD25-derived peptides function as ergotopes that can be recognized by the antiergotypic T cells. Antiergotypic T cells taken from control sick rats did not proliferate against activated T cells and secreted mainly IFN-γ. In contrast, antiergotypic cells from CD25-DNA–protected rats proliferated against activated T cells and secreted mainly IL-10. Protective antiergotypic T cells were found in both the CD4+ and CD8+ populations and expressed α/β or γ/δ T cell receptors. Antiergotypic α/β T cells were MHC restricted, while γ/δ T cells were MHC independent. Thus, CD25 DNA vaccination may induce protection from autoimmunity by inducing a cytokine shift in both the antiergotypic response and the response to the antigens targeted in the disease.
Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans: report of a new pedigree
Authors: R. M. HERD, E. C. BENTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans is a rare, X-linked genodermatosis characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis, scarring alopecia of the scalp, eyebrows and eyelashes, corneal dystrophy and photophobia. We describe two cases from a large family, the first with keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans to be reported in the U.K.
Ultrasonography for rheumatologists: the development of specific competency based educational outcomes
Authors: A K Brown
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

A competency based approach to the education of rheumatologists in musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSK US) ensures standards are documented, transparent, accountable, and defensible, with clear benefit to all stakeholders. Specific competency outcomes will facilitate informed development of a common curriculum and structured programme of training and assessment.
SuRFing the genomics wave: an R package for prioritising SNPs by functionality
Authors: Niamh M Ryan, Stewart W Morris, David J Porteous, Martin S Taylor, Kathryn L Evans
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Abstract Identifying functional non-coding variants is one of the greatest unmet challenges in genetics. To help address this, we introduce an R package, SuRFR, which integrates functional annotation and prior biological knowledge to prioritise candidate functional variants. SuRFR is publicly available, modular, flexible, fast, and simple to use. We demonstrate that SuRFR performs with high sensitivity and specificity and provide a widely applicable and scalable benchmarking dataset for model training and validation. Website: http://www.cgem.ed.ac.uk/resources/
Colorectal neoplasia in acromegaly
Authors: P J JENKINS, G M BESSER, P D FAIRCLOUGH
Journal: Gut (1999)

Colorectal neoplasia in acromegalySince its original description by Pierre Marie in 1886, acromegaly has been known to be associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. 12][3][4] In two early studies, 3 4 the mean age of death was 57 years with 26% and 64%, respectively, of patients in one of these studies dying before the ages of 50 and 60 years. 3ecent reviews have suggested that these patients are also at increased risk of developing neoplasia, particularly colorectal cancer and tubulovillous adenomas, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] with one small prospective study reporting carcinomas in three of 12 patients (table 1). 23This is probably because more effective and aggressive treatment of both the underlying acromegaly and its metabolic and vascular complications has meant that patients are now surviving long enough to develop malignant complications of the disease.We have recently confirmed that acromegaly predisposes to colonic neoplasia by performing a prospective colonoscopic evaluation of 155 patients. 24Colorectal carcinomas were present in 5% (eight patients) and at least one tubular adenoma in 25% (39 patients).Interestingly, only one patient with a carcinoma had gastrointestinal symptoms.Furthermore, three of the cancers occurred at the caecum, an unusual site for sporadic cancers in the non-acromegalic population.Two cancers were Dukes' A, three Dukes' B, two Dukes' C, and one Dukes' D. Although a number of factors were compared between those patients with neoplasia and those without, the only significant difference on July 13, 2023 by guest.
Using transcriptional profiling to develop a diagnostic test of operational tolerance in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Marc Martínez-Llordella, Juan José Lozano, Isabel Puig-Pey, Giuseppe Orlando, Giuseppe Tisone, Jan Lerut, Carlos Benítez, Jose Antonio Pons, Pascual Parrilla, Pablo Ramírez, Miquel Bruguera, Antoni Rimola, Alberto Sánchez-Fueyo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

A fraction of liver transplant recipients are able to discontinue all immunosuppressive therapies without rejecting their grafts and are said to be operationally tolerant to the transplant. However, accurate identification of these recipients remains a challenge. To design a clinically applicable molecular test of operational tolerance in liver transplantation, we studied transcriptional patterns in the peripheral blood of 80 liver transplant recipients and 16 nontransplanted healthy individuals by employing oligonucleotide microarrays and quantitative real-time PCR. This resulted in the discovery and validation of several gene signatures comprising a modest number of genes capable of identifying tolerant and nontolerant recipients with high accuracy. Multiple peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets contributed to the tolerance-associated transcriptional patterns, although NK and γδTCR+ T cells exerted the predominant influence. These data suggest that transcriptional profiling of peripheral blood can be employed to identify liver transplant recipients who can discontinue immunosuppressive therapy and that innate immune cells are likely to play a major role in the maintenance of operational tolerance in liver transplantation.
Vitrectomy for Prevention of Macular Holes
Authors: Serge de Bustros, Thomas M. Aaberg, Paul Sternberg, Bert M. Glaser, Ronald G. Michels, Thomas A. Rice, Brooks W. Mc Cuen, William J. Wood, Rick D. Isernhagen, Patrick Murphy, H. Richard McDonald, Robert N. Johnson, Howard Schatz, R. Joseph Olk, M. Gilbert Grand, David Williams, Gregg T. Kokame, Jack O. Sipperley, Howard D. Gilbert, Bruce R. Garretson, Kirk H. Packo, Brian B. Berger, Cheryl Enger, Rick Isernhagen, William D. Freeman, Maureen G. Maguire, Andrew P. Schachat
Journal: Ophthalmology (1994)
Fluoxetine for motor recovery after acute ischaemic stroke (FLAME): a randomised placebo-controlled trial
Authors: François Chollet, Jean Tardy, Jean-François Albucher, Claire Thalamas, Emilie Berard, Catherine Lamy, Yannick Bejot, Sandrine Deltour, Assia Jaillard, Philippe Niclot, Benoit Guillon, Thierry Moulin, Philippe Marque, Jérémie Pariente, Catherine Arnaud, Isabelle Loubinoux
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2011)
Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Strain TWAR) Infection With Wheezing, Asthmatic Bronchitis, and Adult-Onset Asthma
Authors: David L. Hahn
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To study the clinical characteristics of respiratory tract illness caused by<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i>. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective clinical, bacteriologic, and serologic study. Secondarily, a matched comparison of patients with and without evidence of<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection (serologic titers ≥1:64 and &lt;1:16, respectively). <h3>Setting.</h3> —Four primary care (family practice) clinics in Madison, Wis, and nearby towns. <h3>Patients.</h3> —The study included 365 white males and females (mean age, 34.2 years). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Association of acute<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection with signs and symptoms of respiratory illness and the relationship of<i>C pneumoniae</i>antibody titer with wheezing at the time of enrollment in the study, and with the diagnosis of asthmatic bronchitis. <h3>Results.</h3> —Nine (47%) of 19 patients with acute<i>C pneumoniae</i>infection had bronchospasm during respiratory illness, and there was a strong quantitative association of<i>C pneumoniae</i>titer with wheezing at the time of enrollment in the study (<i>P</i>=.01). In the matched study,<i>C pneumoniae</i>antibody was significantly associated with asthmatic bronchitis after, but not before, respiratory illness (odds ratio, 7.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 23.4). Four infected patients had newly diagnosed asthma after illness, and four others had exacerbation of previously diagnosed asthma. There was no serologic evidence of coexisting<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, or respiratory viral infection in 96% of patients with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Some<i>Cpneumoniae</i>antibody titers, although not diagnostic of chlamydial infection by present criteria, probably represent acute reinfection or ongoing chronic infection. Repeated or prolonged exposure to<i>C pneumoniae</i>may have a causal association with wheezing, asthmatic bronchitis, and asthma. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:225-230)
Increased risk of NASH in patients carrying the C(-159)T polymorphism in the CD14 gene promoter region
Authors: P Brun
Journal: Gut (2005)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a common hepatic disorder that progresses to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in only 20% of patients. Whereas polymorphisms in genes involved in fat metabolism confer susceptibility to NAFL,1 the risk factors involved in the progression of the disease to NASH are not known. A possible role for intestinal derived bacterial endotoxins in the progression from NAFL to NASH is gaining increasing interest in view of recent experimental data. Thus NASH patients show a higher prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and, in animal models of SIBO, hepatitis is improved following antibiotic treatment.2,3 Furthermore, we have recently observed that increased intestinal mucosal permeability, such as that observed in obese C57BL/6J ob/ob mice, leads to higher lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in …
Low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance independently explain substantial parts of the association between body fat and serum C3: The CODAM study
Authors: Nick Wlazlo, Marleen M.J. van Greevenbroek, Isabel Ferreira, Eugene J.H.M. Jansen, Edith J.M. Feskens, Carla J.H. van der Kallen, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Bert Bravenboer, Coen D.A. Stehouwer
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
PD-L1 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker
Authors: Feriyl Bhaijee, Robert A. Anders
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
The effect of smoking and occupation on changes in respiratory symptoms in middle-aged Danish men
Authors: J Vestbo, KM Knudsen, FV Rasmussen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

A group of 1404 middle-aged men from Aalborg who were examined in 1974 with interview and lung function tests were re-examined in 1985 using a postal questionnaire. Of the 1404 men, 1045 could be classified into well-defined occupational categories using information up to 1974. Of these men, 791 were alive at the time of the questionnaire survey. Questions on lung symptoms, occupation and smoking habits since the 1974 study were included in the follow-up survey; the response rate was 88%. Age and main occupation until 1974 were significantly related to the development of severe breathlessness from 1974 to 1985. After controlling for age, both cement workers and blue collar workers were considerably more likely to develop severe breathlessness than white collar workers: odds ratios (ORs) 2.51 (95% confidence interval 1.04-6.7) and 2.35 (1.02-5.42), respectively. Although weakened, these relationships remained after further controlling for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in 1974. Present smoking habit was an important determinant for the presence of cough, both in men with and without cough in 1974, yielding ORs of approximately 3 when comparing with lifetime nonsmokers. Cement workers tended to have cough in 1985 more frequently than white collar workers, OR = 2.09 (0.89-4.89) for men without cough in 1974 and OR = 2.60 (1.04-6.51) for men with cough in 1974.
Underdiagnosed asthma in South Australia
Authors: R J Adams, D H Wilson, S Appleton, Anne Taylor, E Dal Grande, C R Chittleborough, R E Ruffin
Journal: Thorax (2003)

This paper is a brief introduction to the subject of paternalism as it occurs in general practice. A definition of paternalism is provided and the four main types of doctor-patient relationship within the paternalistic spectrum are described. These relationships are illustrated with examples from general practice. Some of the extensive literature on paternalism is reviewed. It is concluded that paternalism is rarely justified when treating patients of sound mind and then only where restoration of the patients9 autonomy is the main aim.
Fulvene-5 potently inhibits NADPH oxidase 4 and blocks the growth of endothelial tumors in mice
Authors: Sulochana S. Bhandarkar, Marisa Jaconi, Levi E. Fried, Michael Y. Bonner, Benjamin Lefkove, Baskaran Govindarajan, Betsy N. Perry, Ravi Parhar, Jamie Mackelfresh, Allie Sohn, Michael Stouffs, Ulla Knaus, George Yancopoulos, Yvonne Reiss, Andrew V. Benest, Hellmut G. Augustin, Jack L. Arbiser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Hemangiomas are the most common type of tumor in infants. As they are endothelial cell-derived neoplasias, their growth can be regulated by the autocrine-acting Tie2 ligand angiopoietin 2 (Ang2). Using an experimental model of human hemangiomas, in which polyoma middle T-transformed brain endothelial (bEnd) cells are grafted subcutaneously into nude mice, we compared hemangioma growth originating from bEnd cells derived from wild-type, Ang2+/-, and Ang2-/- mice. Surprisingly, Ang2-deficient bEnd cells formed endothelial tumors that grew rapidly and were devoid of the typical cavernous architecture of slow-growing Ang2-expressing hemangiomas, while Ang2+/- cells were greatly impaired in their in vivo growth. Gene array analysis identified a strong downregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in Ang2+/- cells. Correspondingly, lentiviral silencing of Nox4 in an Ang2-sufficient bEnd cell line decreased Ang2 mRNA levels and greatly impaired hemangioma growth in vivo. Using a structure-based approach, we identified fulvenes as what we believe to be a novel class of Nox inhibitors. We therefore produced and began the initial characterization of fulvenes as potential Nox inhibitors, finding that fulvene-5 efficiently inhibited Nox activity in vitro and potently inhibited hemangioma growth in vivo. In conclusion, the present study establishes Nox4 as a critical regulator of hemangioma growth and identifies fulvenes as a potential class of candidate inhibitor to therapeutically interfere with Nox function.
Cardiac function following combination therapy with paclitaxel and doxorubicin: An analysis of 657 women with advanced breast cancer
Authors: L. Gianni, P. Dombernowsky, G. Sledge, M. Martin, D. Amadori, S.G. Arbuck, P. Ravdin, M. Brown, M. Messina, D. Tuck, C. Weil, B. Winograd
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2001)
Protection against Invasive Amebiasis by a Single Monoclonal Antibody Directed against a Lipophosphoglycan Antigen Localized on the Surface of <i>Entamoeba histolytica </i>
Authors: Alexandra Marinets, Tonghai Zhang, Nancy Guillén, Pierre Gounon, Barbara Bohle, Ute Vollmann, Otto Scheiner, Gerhard Wiedermann, Samuel L. Stanley, Michael Duchêne
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was raised from mice immunized with a membrane preparation from Entamoeba histolytica, the pathogenic species causing invasive amebiasis in humans. Antibody EH5 gave a polydisperse band in immunoblots from membrane preparations from different E. histolytica strains, and a much weaker signal from two strains of the nonpathogenic species Entamoeba dispar. Although the exact chemical structure of the EH5 antigen is not yet known, the ability of the antigen to be metabolically radiolabeled with [32P]phosphate or [3H]glucose, its sensitivity to digestion by mild acid and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, and its specific extraction from E. histolytica trophozoites by a method used to prepare lipophosphoglycans from Leishmania showed that it could be classified as an amebal lipophosphoglycan. Confocal immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling of trophozoites localized the antigen on the outer face of the plasma membrane and on the inner face of internal vesicle membranes. Antibody EH5 strongly agglutinated amebas in a similar way to concanavalin A (Con A), and Con A bound to immunoaffinity-purified EH5 antigen. Therefore, surface lipophosphoglycans may play an important role in the preferential agglutination of pathogenic amebas by Con A. The protective ability of antibody EH5 was tested in a passive immunization experiment in a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model. Intrahepatic challenge of animals after administration of an isotype-matched control antibody or without treatment led to the development of a liver abscess in all cases, whereas 11 out of 12 animals immunized with the EH5 antibody developed no liver abscess. Our results demonstrate the importance and, for the first time, the protective capacity of glycan antigens on the surface of the amebas.