tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elevated FDG Uptake in Kaposi Sarcoma Mimicking Hodgkin's Lymphoma Relapse
Authors: Gérald Bonardel, Jean-Michel Coindre, Eric Gontier, Daniel Schlaifer, Marina Mantzarides, Marine Soret, Hervé Foehrenbach
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a tumor caused by human herpesvirus 8, also known as KS-associated herpesvirus. Epidemiological varieties are represented by an epidemic form, strongly associated with AIDS, classic form, endemic form, and transplant-related form in association with severely immunosuppressive drug regimens, pointing to a role for immunodeficiency in the development of KS. We report the case of a woman who had preexisting immune system damage because of recurrent Hodgkin's lymphoma and presented with KS of the pelvis with high FDG uptake on PET/CT mimicking nodal relapse. Clinicians and nuclear medicine physicians should be aware that KS can present as intense FDG uptake. Moreover, our case emphasizes the importance of obtaining a biopsy.
HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AND THE RISK OF NEW ONSET HEART FAILURE IN A COMMUNITY-BASED COHORT: DATA FROM PREVEND
Authors: IJsbrand Thomas Klip, Douwe Postmus, Adriaan Voors, Frank P.J. Brouwers, Ron T. Gansevoort, Stephan J.L. Bakker, Hans Hillege, Rudolf A. de Boer, Pim van der Harst, Wiek H. van Gilst, Dirk van Veldhuisen, Peter Vandermeer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tissue microarrays for high-throughput molecular profiling of tumor specimens
Authors: Juha Kononen, Lukas Bubendorf, Anne Kallionimeni, Maarit Bärlund, Peter Schraml, Stephen Leighton, Joachim Torhorst, Michael J Mihatsch, Guido Sauter, Olli-P. Kallionimeni
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Volvulus of the small bowel.
Authors: L J De Souza
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Over two years in a major hospital in northern Uganda 12 cases of primary volvulus of the small bowel were seen out of a total of 65 cases of intestinal obstruction which did not include external hernias. This relatively high incidence was associated with drinking large amounts of local "kongo" beer. General systemic symptoms of circulatory collapse were conspicuous by their absence. The kongo beer was found to have a high concentration of serotonin, and this substance may have caused the volvulus of the small bowel in three quarters of the cases.
My Years at the<i>Journal</i>— So Far
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

It's open season on the policies and opinions of journal editors, which provide an exciting new target for writers, commentators, and even fellow editors.17 Now well into my fifth year as editor-in-chief of the oldest, largest (in paid subscriptions), and arguably, best-known medical journal, I've dodged a modest barrage of arrows. Stories in national periodicals and newspapers and on the radio have claimed that the Journal suppresses the publication of important studies8,9 and delays releasing information critical to the health of the public.35 One editor argued that our conflict-of-interest policy unfairly labels authors as biased,7 and another . . .
THE EEG CHANGES IN UNILATERAL AND BILATERAL FRONTAL LOBOTOMY
Authors: RICHARD D. WALTER, CHARLES L. YEAGER, LESTER H. MARGOLIS, ALEXANDER SIMON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

1. In cases of unilateral and bilateral frontal lobotomy, temporal slow wave activity was found to be a prominent feature, though more transient than the dominant frontal slowing. This nonfrontal slowing may be interpreted as the result of cerebral edema and hippocampal herniation from operative manipulation. 2. There is an apparent correlation between the degree of slow activity in the post-operative EEG and clinical improvement, in that slight or severe degrees of slowing was found to be more conspicuous in those cases that exhibited little clinical improvement. In contrast, moderate slowing was associated with moderate to marked clinical improvement. 3. The frontal slow wave activity, though decreasing in prominence, persists in the majority of cases for at least 3 years and possibly longer.
Occult Rupture of the Spleen
Authors: Daniel C. Budd
Journal: JAMA (1976)

TRAUMATIC rupture of the spleen usually presents with profuse intraperitoneal bleeding that requires immediate splenectomy (85%) or may present as a delayed rupture (14%) with massive hemorrhage days to weeks after injury. Rarely (1%), splenic injury may occur without acute symptoms and may remain unsuspected and untreated for months or even years. The patient may then have a confusing variety of signs and symptoms often mistaken for angina, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, intraperitoneal malignancy, or retroperitoneal sarcoma. In 1964, Lorimer<sup>1</sup>first reported this entity (which he called "occult rupture" of the spleen) and stressed the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis and differentiating it from neoplasia <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 53-year-old man was admitted because of chronic epigastric and left upper quadrant abdominal pain of more than a year's duration. Recently the pain had become more severe and frequent, with radiation around the left costal margin and left flank,
EFFECTS OF ORAL GLUCOSE-LOWERING DRUGS ON LONG TERM OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Casper H. Jorgensen, Gunnar H. Gislason, Charlotte Andersson, Ole Ahlehoff, Mette G. Charlot, Steen Z. Abildstrom, Allan Vaag, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Peter R. Hansen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Health in Israeli occupied territories
Authors: R Mazali
Journal: BMJ (1994)

phageal echocardiography is almost as sensitive but less specific than magnetic resonance imaging.Visualisation of the upper ascending aorta, arch, and proximal head and neck vessels may be limited.In addition, it cannot visualise the aorta outside the chest.It has important advantages, however, in that it is widely available, safe, and quick and can be used at the bedside.Contrast enhanced computed tomography provides an alternative approach but is not as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging or transoesophageal echocardiography.5In particular, it is unreliable for detecting the entry site.In practice, the diagnostic method chosen will depend on the facilities available and the condition of the patient.For critically ill patients transoeso- phageal echocardiography should be considered first.It can be carried out immediately, provides accurate information, and does not put patients at risk because they do not have to be moved from intensive care facilities.Magnetic resonance imaging is better for establishing the diagnosis in patients with suspected chronic dissection and for following up surgical intervention.When these methods are not available because of lack of equipment or trained staff, computed tomography is a viable alternative.There is now little place for arteyiography in the diagnosis and management of acute or chronic aortic dissection.
Abstract 99: Posttranslational modification of the RBBP6 isoform 3 is required for excessive cell proliferation
Authors: Zodwa Dlamini, Zukile Mbita
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract RBBP6 isoform 3 belongs to a family of RBBP6 cell cycle-related proteins. There are 3 human RBBP6 isoforms; iso 1, 2 and 3, transcribed from RBBP6 mRNA variants 1, 2 and 3 respectively. RBBP6 isoform 1 has been shown to be a pro-apoptotic protein while the function of isoform 2 has not been confirmed. Recently isoform 3 has shown to be involved in G2/M cell cycle regulation and is deregulated in human cancers. This study aimed at investigating how the RBBP6 isoform 3 regulates cell proliferation. Cell culture and transfections were used to determine the effect of RBBP6 isoform 3 on cell cycle progression. RBBP6 variant 3 mRNA was cloned into a pCDNA3.1/Zeo (+) vector and expressed in human kidney embryonic cells, Hek 293T. Cell cycle and cell counts analysis were conducted by using Flow Assorted Cell Sorting (FACS). Western blotting analysis was used to analyse RBBP6 isoform 3 using a polyclonal antibody against RBBP6 isoform 3 N-terminal region. Transfection of Hek 293T cells with RBBP6 variant 3 mRNA resulted in temporal G2/M cell cycle arrest. This cell cycle arrest ceased after 48 hours and Western blotting showed that RBBP6 isoform 3 was posttranslationally modified through either glycosylation or phosphorylation or both. Mass spectrometry confirmed that the higher molecular weight protein was indeed RBBP6 isoform 3. This higher molecular weight product was accompanied by excessive cell proliferation. This result suggests that cancer cells use this posttranslational modification to bypass G2/M cell cycle arrest. RBBP6 isoform 3 could therefore be targeted for new anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 99. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-99
Noninvasive Human Brain Stimulation
Authors: Timothy Wagner, Antoni Valero-Cabre, Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2007)

Noninvasive brain stimulation with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is valuable in research and has potential therapeutic applications in cognitive neuroscience, neurophysiology, psychiatry, and neurology. TMS allows neurostimulation and neuromodulation, while tDCS is a purely neuromodulatory application. TMS and tDCS allow diagnostic and interventional neurophysiology applications, and focal neuropharmacology delivery. However, the physics and basic mechanisms of action remain incompletely explored. Following an overview of the history and current applications of noninvasive brain stimulation, we review stimulation device design principles, the electromagnetic and physical foundations of the techniques, and the current knowledge about the electrophysiologic basis of the effects. Finally, we discuss potential biomedical and electrical engineering developments that could lead to more effective stimulation devices, better suited for the specific applications.
An epidemiologic investigation of asthma in welders.
Authors: J R Beach, J H Dennis, A J Avery, C L Bromly, R J Ward, E H Walters, S C Stenton, D J Hendrick
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

To clarify whether asthma may be caused by fume from welding mild steel and to evaluate the possible strength of such an effect, we quantified airway responsiveness among young shipyard workers with different levels of fume exposure. Clinical investigation comprised a cross-sectional survey of 19- to 27-yr-old workers who were completing 3 to 9 yr of employment in various trades, and a control group of 15- to 17-yr-old school leavers who were applying for apprenticeships within the same trades. Both groups were subdivided into negligible-, ambient-, or high-exposure subgroups according to expected levels of fume exposure. Actual exposures were assessed in a parallel environmental survey. Participants were investigated by questionnaire, skin prick tests, spirometry, and methacholine tests. Complete data sets were obtained from 1,024 of the 1,070 eligible subjects (96%). Among the workers but not the school leaver controls, there was an increasing prevalence of positive methacholine tests across the exposure subgroups-negligible 37%, ambient 44%, high 49% (p < 0.05). Regression analyses showed that in males after allowing for the effects of atopy, current smoking, and age, the estimated geometric mean level of airway responsiveness of regular welders was twice that of workers with negligible exposure after 5 yr of work. This implies that fume exposure may have been critical in causing asthma in about 1% of the welders. A lesser effect (though not significantly so) was noted among the workers with ambient exposure.
James Lionel Somervell
Authors: W. A M Cutting, J. M Dolphin
Journal: BMJ (2009)

James Lionel Somervell (“Jim”) was born in Neyyoor, South India, the elder son of T Howard and Margaret Somervell. After posts in England and Vellore, South India, Jim worked for 14 years in the Church of South India Hospital, Jammalamadugu. As a general surgeon, …
The Ineffectiveness of Immunosuppressive Therapy in Lymphocytic Myocarditis: An Overview
Authors: Amit Garg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: The use of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis is controversial. Purpose: To review the literature on the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy in biopsy-proven lymphocytic myocarditis. Data Sources: Two authors independently searched MEDLINE and other medical databases from 1980 to 26 June 1997. Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials; matched-cohort studies; and case–control studies of patients with biopsy-proven myocarditis (Dallas criteria or a mean of ≥ 2.5 lymphocytes per high-power field) for which any form of immunosuppressive treatment was used. The outcomes of interest were mortality and change in left ventricular ejection fraction. Data Extraction: 6 of 374 studies satisfied the selection criteria. Data Synthesis: In survivors, left ventricular function in myocarditis improved approximately 10% over 6 months without immunosuppressive treatment. Prednisone alone did not improve survival (P >0.2) or left ventricular function (P >0.11). Prednisone combined with azathioprine or cyclosporine did not improve survival (P >0.2) or left ventricular function (P >0.2) in three studies. However, one small matched-cohort study showed improvement in children (P <0.01). Neither interferon nor thymic hormone improved survival or left ventricular function. Conclusions: Immunosuppressive therapy is ineffective in lymphocytic myocarditis. Current therapy in lymphocytic myocarditis seems to be limited to supportive measures or transplantation.
Pim2 is required for maintaining multiple myeloma cell growth through modulating TSC2 phosphorylation
Authors: Jing Lu, Tatiana Zavorotinskaya, Yumin Dai, Xiao-Hong Niu, Joseph Castillo, Janet Sim, Jianjun Yu, Yingyun Wang, John L. Langowski, Jocelyn Holash, Kevin Shannon, Pablo D. Garcia
Journal: Blood (2013)
SPARC Stimulates Neuronal Differentiation of Medulloblastoma Cells via the Notch1/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Praveen Bhoopathi, Chandramu Chetty, Ranadheer Dontula, Meena Gujrati, Dzung H. Dinh, Jasti S. Rao, Sajani S. Lakka
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) participates in the regulation of morphogenesis and cellular differentiation through its modulation of cell-matrix interactions. We previously reported that SPARC expression significantly impairs medulloblastoma tumor growth in vivo. In this study, we show that adenoviral-mediated overexpression of SPARC cDNA (Ad-DsRed-SP) elevated the expression of the neuronal markers NeuN, nestin, neurofilament, and MAP-2 in medulloblastoma cells and induced neuron-like differentiation. SPARC overexpression decreased STAT3 phosphorylation; constitutive expression of STAT3 reversed SPARC-mediated expression of neuronal markers. We also show that Notch signaling is suppressed in the presence of SPARC, as well as the Notch effector basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1). Notch signaling was found to be responsible for the decreased STAT3 phosphorylation in response to SPARC expression. Furthermore, expression of SPARC decreased the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and supplemented IL-6-abrogated, SPARC-mediated suppression of Notch signaling and expression of neuronal markers. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor sections from mice treated with Ad-DsRed-SP showed increased immunoreactivity for the neuronal markers and a decrease in Notch1 expression and phosphorylation of STAT3. Taken together, our results suggest that SPARC induces expression of neuronal markers in medulloblastoma cells through its inhibitory effect on IL-6-regulated suppression of Notch pathway-mediated STAT3 signaling, thus giving further support to the potential use of SPARC as a therapeutic candidate for medulloblastoma treatment. Findings show that SPARC-induced neuronal differentiation can sensitize medulloblastoma cells for therapy.
THERAPY OF VERATRUM VIRIDE.
Authors: JOHN M. BATTEN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Veratrum viride slows the heart's action and makes it more feeble. It was first used by Magendie and Andral in physiologic experiments in 1821. Meisner first discovered it in the seeds of veratrum sabadilla in 1818. Bardsley first used it in rheumatism and dropsy in 1826. The curative effect of veratrum viride lies in its influence on the heart to retard its action in acute inflammatory diseases wherein the pulsation is very much accelerated. I have been able to produce the physiologic effects of the drug in cases of inflammatory diseases with a dose of Norwood's tincture not larger than three drops every three hours. By this dose I have been enabled to reduce the pulse beat twenty or thirty in a minute, especially when the high pulse rate has been caused by inflammation. In inflammatory rheumatism I have had good results with this drug by keeping the pulse at
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE DIETARY DESTRUCTION OF N,N-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE (BUTTER YELLOW) AND IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANEMIA IN RATS
Authors: Paul György, Rudolph Tomarelli, Robert P. Ostergard, J. B. Brown
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Crude linoleic acid incorporated with or without butter yellow in a synthetic diet proved to be toxic for rats. The toxic effect manifested itself in loss of weight, progressive anemia of the secondary type, leucopenia, and pediculosis. It could be neutralized preventively and therapeutically by administration of yeast. The toxicity of the diet containing linoleic acid appears to be due to oxidative break-down products of the unsaturated fatty acid. The color of the same diet when it contained crude linoleic acid supplemented with butter yellow faded progressively in the presence of air (O(2)), even at room temperature. Purified preparations of linoleic acid and, to a less degree, purified preparations of arachidonic and oleic acids have shown the same destructive effect on butter yellow in vitro. Brown (unpolished) or white rice contains a stabilizer (antioxidant) for the preservation of butter yellow. In experiments on the production of hepatoma in rats following the ingestion of butter yellow, rice on one hand and crisco or butter fat on the other hand have proved to be procarcinogenic. These results would seem to be correlated with the preservation of butter yellow in the diet and in the intestine, because of the antioxidant in rice and the low supply of unsaturated fatty acids,respectively.
Abstract 3295: S6 kinase signaling in prognosis and tamoxifen response in two randomized breast cancer cohorts
Authors: Josefine Bostner, Elin Karlsson, Cecilia Bivik, Gizeh Perez-Tenorio, Tommy Fornander, Olle Stål
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Detecting signals in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the estrogen receptor (ER) pathways for prediction of treatment response may be a future clinical tool in primary breast cancer. Here, we investigated the validity and value of the mTOR targets p70-S6 kinase (S6K) 1 and 2 as biomarkers for tamoxifen sensitivity in vitro and in two independent tamoxifen randomized postmenopausal breast cancer cohorts. In addition, the prognostic value of the S6Ks was evaluated. We found S6K1 to correlate with HER2 and cytoplasmic Akt activity, whereas S6K2 and phosphorylated S6K were closer connected with ER positivity, low proliferation and nucleic p-Akt. Treatment prediction and prognosis were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Nuclear accumulation of S6K1 was indicative of a reduced tamoxifen treatment effect, compared with a significant benefit from tamoxifen treatment in patients without tumor S6K1 nuclear accumulation. Patients with a combination of S6K1 nuclear accumulation and S6K2 cytoplasmic accumulation in the tumor cells had no tamoxifen benefit. Also, S6K1 and S6K2 activation, indicated by p-S6K-t389 expression, was associated with low benefit from tamoxifen compared with untreated patients. In addition, high protein expression of S6K1, independent of localization, predicted worse prognosis. This was not evident for variations in S6K2 or p-S6K-t389 expression. In conclusion, the mTOR targeted kinases S6K1 and S6K2 interfere with proliferation and response to tamoxifen. Monitoring their activity and intracellular localization may provide biomarkers for breast cancer treatment, allowing for identification of a group of patients less likely to benefit from tamoxifen and thus in need of an alternative or additional treatment. Citation Format: Josefine Bostner, Elin Karlsson, Cecilia Bivik, Gizeh Perez-Tenorio, Tommy Fornander, Olle Stål. S6 kinase signaling in prognosis and tamoxifen response in two randomized breast cancer cohorts. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3295. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3295
Prolonged Survival in a Patient With Down Syndrome
Authors: Charles H. McGowen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

MORE than a century ago, Langdon Down described a syndrome of mental retardation, congenital abnormalities, and characteristic facies that was usually associated with an early death. In recent years, however, several authors have noted that persons afflicted with this condition are living longer. The following case represents the oldest patient with Down syndrome reported to date and illustrates one of the most frequent causes of death in this disorder. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient (Fig 1), aged 65 years, was born on May 26, 1903, and had never previously been hospitalized. She was admitted to the Youngstown Hospital Association on January 28, 1969, for the purpose of a medical examination prior to being placed in a state institution for the mentally retarded. The patient had no specific complaints, but her 90-year-old mother could no longer care for her adequately. Likewise, the mother feared that her own death was imminent and that