tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Levels of Antibodies Against Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Identify a Subset of Patients With Merkel Cell Carcinoma With Better Clinical Outcome
Authors: Antoine Touzé, Emmanuelle Le Bidre, Hélène Laude, Maxime J.J. Fleury, Raphaël Cazal, Françoise Arnold, Agnès Carlotti, Eve Maubec, François Aubin, Marie-Françoise Avril, Flore Rozenberg, Mauro Tognon, Annabel Maruani, Serge Guyetant, Gérard Lorette, Pierre Coursaget
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Purpose A new human polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), was identified in 2008 in tumor tissue of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a relatively rare human skin cancer. In this study, we investigated patients with MCC and controls for the presence of antibodies against MCV and their association with clinical characteristics. Patients and Methods Antibodies against MCV were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 68 patients with MCC and 82 controls using VP1 virus-like particles produced in insect cells. Results Antibodies against MCV were detected in all patients with MCC and in 85% of controls. However, high antibody titers (&gt; 10,000) were rarely observed in controls (7.3%) and they were detected in 64.7% of patients with MCC (P &lt; .001) in contrast to the absence of VP1 expression in tumor samples. In addition, the geometric mean titer of anti-MCV in patients with MCC was around 14 times higher than that observed in MCV-positive controls (P &lt; .001) and was not correlated with tumor viral load. High antibody titers were not found to be associated with any subject or tumor characteristics, but better progression-free survival was observed in patients with high antibody titers (hazard ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.7 to 12.2; P = .002). Conclusion High titers of MCV antibodies in a much higher proportion of patients with MCC than in controls confirmed the association between MCV infection and MCC. The findings also indicated that a better progression-free survival occurred in patients with high MCV antibody titers and suggested that there are at least two distinct etiologic causes of MCC.
Impaired pulmonary status in cystic fibrosis adults with two mutated MBL-2 alleles
Authors: J.C. Davies, M.W. Turner, N. Klein
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

Mannose-binding lectin has recently been identified as a modifier of severity in cystic fibrosis, although studies have produced differing results and the mechanism of action remains unclear. The current authors have studied large cohorts of adults (n=298) and children (n=260) to explore this apparent relationship further. Adults with two structural mutations, but not heterozygotes, had significantly reduced lung function and oxygen saturations, more frequent hospital admissions and raised systemic inflammatory markers. This was not related to increased rates of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and there was no increased susceptibility to Burkholderia cepacia . None of these findings was mirrored in the paediatric cohort. In conclusion, severe mannose-binding lectin deficiency appears to be detrimental to cystic fibrosis adults, although heterozygotes are not affected. It is suggested that this is not related to impaired complement-mediated bacterial killing, and a link with the host inflammatory response is hypothesised. If mannose-binding lectin replacement is developed as a new approach to treatment for this disease, the present study would suggest that the small group of severely deficient patients with two structural mutations may be the group to benefit.
Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoid hyperplasia of the eyelid characterized by intramuscular infiltration
Authors: None Ohtsuka, None Iwatsuki, None Kaneko, None Akiba, None Kikuchi, None Harada, None Kaneko
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Epstein–Barr virus‐associated lymphoid hyperplasia of the eyelid characterized by intramuscular infiltration Get access M. Ohtsuka, M. Ohtsuka Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Iwatsuki, K. Iwatsuki Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Kaneko, R. Kaneko Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Akiba, H. Akiba Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Kikuchi, S. Kikuchi Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Harada, H. Harada Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Kaneko F. Kaneko Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1‐Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960‐1295, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 140, Issue 2, 1 February 1999, Pages 358–359, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02677.x Published: 01 February 1999
On the Use of the Mineral Acids in the Treatment of Inflammatory Disease of the Cervix Uteri
Authors: J. H. Bennet
Journal: BMJ (1876)

THEi recent discussion in the JOURNAL on the value of nitric acid in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease of the cervix uteri shows how constantly we are going over again and again the same ground in medicine and surgery, for want of knowing what has been done by those who have preceded us.The entire subject is discussed in all its bearings in my work on Uterine Zialamnmationt, the first editin-of which was published in I845, the second in I8 8, the and last in I86i (page 291).
Visual Perception and Working Memory in Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Authors: Carrie M. Farmer, Brian F. O’Donnell, Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Martina M. Voglmaier, Robert W. McCarley, Martha E. Shenton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

Patients affected by schizophrenia show deficits in both visual perception and working memory. The authors tested early-stage vision and working memory in subjects with schizotypal personality disorder, which has been biologically associated with schizophrenia.Eleven subjects who met DSM-III-R criteria for schizotypal personality disorder and 12 normal comparison subjects were evaluated. Performance thresholds were obtained for tests of visual discrimination and working memory. Both form and trajectory processing were evaluated for each task.Subjects with schizotypal personality disorder showed intact discrimination of form and trajectory but were impaired on working memory tasks.These data suggest that subjects with schizotypal personality disorder, unlike patients affected by schizophrenia, have relatively intact visual perception. Subjects with schizotypal personality disorder do show specific deficits on tasks of comparable difficulty when working memory demands are imposed. Schizotypal personality disorder may be associated with a more specific visual processing deficit than schizophrenia, possibly reflecting disruption of frontal lobe systems subserving visual working memory operations.
Statistical methods for comparing the abundances of metabolic pathways in metagenomics
Authors: Bo Liu, Mihai Pop
Journal: Genome biology (2010)

Background A major goal of metagenomic studies is to identify specific functional adaptations of microbial communities to their habitats. The functional profile and the abundances for a sample can be estimated by mapping metagenomic sequences to the global metabolic network consisting of thousands of molecular reactions. Here we describe our development of statistical methods that can identify differentially abundant subnetworks between metagenomic samples.
Chemotherapy versus supportive care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: improved survival without detriment to quality of life
Authors: S G Spiro
Journal: Thorax (2004)

<b>Background:</b> In 1995 a meta-analysis of randomised trials investigating the value of adding chemotherapy to primary treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suggested a small survival benefit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy in each of the primary treatment settings. However, the meta-analysis included many small trials and trials with differing eligibility criteria and chemotherapy regimens. <b>Methods:</b> The aim of the Big Lung Trial was to confirm the survival benefits seen in the meta-analysis and to assess quality of life and cost in the supportive care setting. A total of 725 patients were randomised to receive supportive care alone (n = 361) or supportive care plus cisplatin-based chemotherapy (n = 364). <b>Results:</b> 65% of patients allocated chemotherapy (C) received all three cycles of treatment and a further 27% received one or two cycles. 74% of patients allocated no chemotherapy (NoC) received thoracic radiotherapy compared with 47% of the C group. Patients allocated C had a significantly better survival than those allocated NoC: HR 0.77 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.89, p = 0.0006), median survival 8.0 months for the C group <i>v</i> 5.7 months for the NoC group, a difference of 9 weeks. There were 19 (5%) treatment related deaths in the C group. There was no evidence that any subgroup benefited more or less from chemotherapy. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the pre-defined primary and secondary quality of life end points, although large negative effects of chemotherapy were ruled out. The regimens used proved to be cost effective, the extra cost of chemotherapy being offset by longer survival. <b>Conclusions:</b> The survival benefit seen in this trial was entirely consistent with the NSCLC meta-analysis and subsequent similarly designed large trials. The information on quality of life and cost should enable patients and their clinicians to make more informed treatment choices.
Persistent Inhibition of Neointimal Hyperplasia After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Muzaffer Degertekin, Patrick W. Serruys, David P. Foley, Kengo Tanabe, Evelyn Regar, Jeroen Vos, Peter C. Smits, Wim J. van der Giessen, Marcel van den Brand, Pim de Feyter, Jeffrey J. Popma
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Early results of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation showed a nearly complete abolition of neointimal hyperplasia. The question remains, however, whether the early promising results will still be evident at long-term follow-up. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficiency of sirolimus-eluting stent implantation for up to 2 years of follow-up.Fifteen patients with de novo coronary artery disease were treated with 18-mm sirolimus-eluting Bx-Velocity stents (Cordis) loaded with 140 microg sirolimus/cm2 metal surface area in a slow release formulation. Quantitative angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were performed according to standard protocol. Sirolimus-eluting stent implantation was successful in all 15 patients. During the in-hospital course, 1 patient died of cerebral hemorrhage after periprocedural administration of abciximab, and 1 patient underwent repeat stenting after 2 hours because of edge dissection that led to acute occlusion. Through 6 months and up to 2 years of follow-up, no additional events occurred. QCA analysis revealed no significant change in stent minimal lumen diameter or percent diameter stenosis, and 3-dimensional IVUS showed no significant deterioration in lumen volume. In 2 patients, additional stenting was performed because of significant lesion progression remote from the sirolimus-eluting stent.Sirolimus-eluting stents showed persistent inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia for up to 2 years of follow-up.
Asthma quality of life during 1 year of treatment with budesonide with or without formoterol
Authors: EF Juniper, K Svensson, PM O'Byrne, PJ Barnes, CA Bauer, CG Lofdahl, DS Postma, RA Pauwels, AE Tattersfield, A Ullman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The Formoterol and Corticosteroids Establishing Therapy (FACET) study has provided the first opportunity to examine the long-term effects of inhaled steroids and long-acting beta2-agonists on asthma-specific quality of life. The objectives of the present study were to: evaluate the effects of long-term (1 yr) formoterol and increasing doses of budesonide on asthma quality of life; 2) to determine whether initial improvements in quality of life are sustained when improvements in clinical indices persist; and 3) to evaluate the long-term relationship between changes in clinical indices and changes in quality of life. Of the 852 asthmatic adults enrolled, 470 from five countries participated in this quality of life evaluation. After a 4-week run-in on 1,600 microg budesonide, patients were randomized to either 200 microg (Bud200) or 800 microg budesonide (Bud800) in combination with either 24 microg formoterol (F) or placebo daily for 1 yr. The Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) was completed and conventional clinical indices measured at enrolment and randomization and on seven occasions during the following 12 months. During the run-in, there was an improvement in AQLQ score (changes (delta) in overall score approximately 0.50; p&lt;0.0001). After randomization, there was a further improvement in the Bud800+F group (delta=0.21; p=0.028). One month post-randomization, improvements in all groups stabilized and were sustained throughout the 12 months in a pattern very similar to that observed for the conventional clinical indices. The correlation of individual patient changes in clinical indices and changes in AQLQ score during the 12-month randomized period were weak to moderate (maximum r=0.51). Improvements in quality of life, which were greatest in the 800 microg budesonide plus 24 microg formoterol group, were sustained throughout the 12 months in a similar manner to the clinical indices. Long-term changes in conventional clinical indices cannot be used to predict the effect of treatment on individual patient experience.
A Research Agenda to Underpin Malaria Eradication
Authors: Pedro L. Alonso, Graham Brown, Myriam Arevalo-Herrera, Fred Binka, Chetan Chitnis, Frank Collins, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Brian Greenwood, B. Fenton Hall, Myron M. Levine, Kamini Mendis, Robert D. Newman, Christopher V. Plowe, Mario Henry Rodríguez, Robert Sinden, Laurence Slutsker, Marcel Tanner
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Pedro Alonso and colleagues introduce the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA) initiative and the set of articles published in this PLoS Medicine Supplement that distill the research questions key to malaria eradication.
MiR-1 Downregulation Cooperates with MACC1 in Promoting <i>MET</i> Overexpression in Human Colon Cancer
Authors: Cristina Migliore, Valentina Martin, Vera P. Leoni, Angelo Restivo, Luigi Atzori, Annalisa Petrelli, Claudio Isella, Luigi Zorcolo, Ivana Sarotto, Giuseppe Casula, Paolo M. Comoglio, Amedeo Columbano, Silvia Giordano
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

MET, the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor, is frequently overexpressed in colon cancers with high metastatic tendency. We aimed to evaluate the role of its negative regulators, miR-1 and miR-199a*, and its transcriptional activator, the metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1), in controlling MET expression in human colon cancer samples.The expression of MET, miR-1, miR-199a*, and MACC1 was evaluated by real-time PCR in 52 matched pairs of colorectal cancers and nontumoral surrounding tissues. The biological role of miR-1 in controlling MET expression and biological activity was assessed in colon cancer cells either by its forced expression or by AntagomiR-mediated inhibition.MiR-1 was downregulated in 84.6% of the tumors and its decrease significantly correlated with MET overexpression, particularly in metastatic tumors. We found that concurrent MACC1 upregulation and miR-1 downregulation are required to elicit the highest increase of MET expression. Consistent with a suppressive role of miR-1, its forced in vitro expression in colon cancer cells reduced MET levels and impaired MET-induced invasive growth. Finally, we identified a feedback loop between miR-1 and MET, resulting in their mutual regulation.This study identifies an oncosuppressive role of miR-1 in colorectal cancer in which it acts by controlling MET expression through a feedback loop. Concomitant downregulation of miR-1 and increase of MACC1 can thus contribute to MET overexpression and to the metastatic behavior of colon cancer cells.
STUDIES ON LYMPHOID ACTIVITY
Authors: Waro Nakahara
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

The experiments reported in this paper show that it is possible to render mice resistant to transplanted cancer by injections of a suitable quantity of olive oil. In the course of the development of the resistance a definite period of latency is detectable following the oil injection, and the maximum degree of resistance appears at about the 10th day. This state of resistance, as has been determined by histological studies, is preceded by a proliferation of the cells of the lymphoid germ centers and, after the cancer inoculation, is associated with a lymphoid infiltration about the grafts, as well as by a second stimulation of the lymphoid germ centers and an increase in the number of the circulating lymphocytes.
Role of host angiotensin II type 1 receptor in tumor angiogenesis and growth
Authors: Kimiyasu Egami, Toyoaki Murohara, Toshifumi Shimada, Ken-ichiro Sasaki, Satoshi Shintani, Takeshi Sugaya, Masahiro Ishii, Teiji Akagi, Hisao Ikeda, Toyojiro Matsuishi, Tsutomu Imaizumi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Although the renin angiotensin system (RAS) is a major regulator of vascular homeostasis, the role of the RAS in tumor angiogenesis is little understood. Here we show that host angiotensin II (ATII) type 1 (AT1) receptor plays an important role in angiogenesis and growth of tumor cells engrafted in mice. Subcutaneous B16-F1 melanoma-induced angiogenesis as assessed by tissue capillary density and microangiography was prominent in WT mice but was reduced in AT1a receptor–deficient (AT1a–/–) mice. Consequently, tumor growth rate was significantly slower, and the mouse survival rate was greater, in AT1a–/– mice than in WT mice. Tumor growth was also reduced in WT mice treated with TCV-116, a selective blocker of AT1 receptor. Because the β-galactosidase gene was inserted into the AT1a gene locus in AT1a–/– mice, the site of β-galactosidase expression represents the AT1a receptor expression in these mutant mice. In tumor-implanted AT1a–/– mice, the major site of the β-galactosidase expression was macrophages in tissues surrounding tumors. Moreover, the number of infiltrated macrophages was significantly lower in AT1a–/– mice than in WT mice, and double-immunofluorescence staining revealed that these macrophages expressed VEGF protein intensively. Therefore, the host ATII-AT1 receptor pathway supports tumor-associated macrophage infiltration, which results in enhanced tissue VEGF protein levels. The host ATII-AT1 receptor pathway thereby plays important roles in tumor-related angiogenesis and growth in vivo.
Randomized Trial of Hypofractionated External-Beam Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Alan Pollack, Gail Walker, Eric M. Horwitz, Robert Price, Steven Feigenberg, Andre A. Konski, Radka Stoyanova, Benjamin Movsas, Richard E. Greenberg, Robert G. Uzzo, Charlie Ma, Mark K. Buyyounouski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

To determine if escalated radiation dose using hypofractionation significantly reduces biochemical and/or clinical disease failure (BCDF) in men treated primarily for prostate cancer.Between June 2002 and May 2006, men with favorable- to high-risk prostate cancer were randomly allocated to receive 76 Gy in 38 fractions at 2.0 Gy per fraction (conventional fractionation intensity-modulated radiation therapy [CIMRT]) versus 70.2 Gy in 26 fractions at 2.7 Gy per fraction (hypofractionated IMRT [HIMRT]); the latter was estimated to be equivalent to 84.4 Gy in 2.0 Gy fractions. High-risk patients received long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and some intermediate-risk patients received short-term ADT. The primary end point was the cumulative incidence of BCDF. Secondarily, toxicity was assessed.There were 303 assessable patients with a median follow-up of 68.4 months. No significant differences were seen between the treatment arms in terms of the distribution of patients by clinicopathologic or treatment-related (ADT use and length) factors. The 5-year rates of BCDF were 21.4% (95% CI, 14.8% to 28.7%) for CIMRT and 23.3% (95% CI, 16.4% to 31.0%) for HIMRT (P = .745). There were no statistically significant differences in late toxicity between the arms; however, in subgroup analysis, patients with compromised urinary function before enrollment had significantly worse urinary function after HIMRT.The hypofractionation regimen did not result in a significant reduction in BCDF; however, it is delivered in 2.5 fewer weeks. Men with compromised urinary function before treatment may not be ideal candidates for this approach.
Surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma
Authors: A. Testori, P. Rutkowski, J. Marsden, L. Bastholt, V. Chiarion-Sileni, A. Hauschild, A.M.M. Eggermont
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)

Adequate surgical management of primary melanoma and regional lymph node metastasis, and rarely distant metastasis, is the only established curative treatment. Surgical management of primary melanomas consists of excisions with 1-2 cm margins and primary closure. The recommended method of biopsy is excisional biopsy with a 2 mm margin and a small amount of subcutaneous fat. In specific situations (very large lesions or certain anatomical areas), full-thickness incisional or punch biopsy may be acceptable. Sentinel lymph node biopsy provides accurate staging information for patients with clinically unaffected regional nodes and without distant metastases, although survival benefit has not been proved. In cases of positive sentinel node biopsy or clinically detected regional nodal metastases (palpable, positive cytology or histopathology), radical removal of lymph nodes of the involved basin is indicated. For resectable local/in-transit recurrences, excision with a clear margin is recommended. For numerous or unresectable in-transit metastases of the extremities, isolated limb perfusion or infusion with melphalan should be considered. Decisions about surgery of distant metastases should be based on individual circumstances. Radiotherapy is indicated as a treatment option in select patients with lentigo maligna melanoma and as an adjuvant in select patients with regional metastatic disease. Radiotherapy is also indicated for palliation, especially in bone and brain metastases.