tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of an Indo-Mediterranean diet on progression of coronary artery disease in high risk patients (Indo-Mediterranean Diet Heart Study): a randomised single-blind trial
Authors: Ram B Singh, Gal Dubnov, Mohammad A Niaz, Saraswati Ghosh, Reema Singh, Shanti S Rastogi, Orly Manor, Daniel Pella, Elliot M Berry
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
The medicine, angioplasty, or surgery study (MASS-II): a randomized, controlled clinical trial of three therapeutic strategies for multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Whady Hueb, Paulo R Soares, Bernard J Gersh, Luiz A.M César, Protásio L Luz, Luiz B Puig, Eulógio M Martinez, Sergio A Oliveira, José A.F Ramires
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Whooping-cough: Difficulties in Diagnosis and Ineffectiveness of Immunization
Authors: A. T. Wilson, I. R. Henderson, E. J. H. Moore, S. N. Heywood
Journal: BMJ (1965)

In 1964, in general practice in Peeblesshire, we found that a type of paroxysmal cough had spread widely among the older children at one village school before a diagnosis of whooping cough was made. Very few of the children were seen by their doctors in the earliest phase of this epidemic. Those affected were in the 8 to 12 age group and had not been immunized against pertussis. In the children below the age of 8 years pertussis immuniza tion was at this time believed by us to be virtually complete. (We subsequently discovered that 7 children out of 108 in this age group had had no immunization whatever against pertussis.) Because of this high immunization rate and because of the large proportion of older children already showing symptoms, the medical officer of health permitted cases and suspect cases to continue attending school unless the severity of their illness made it necessary for them to be absent. When one or two of the immunized children developed similar coughs we saw an opportunity to study the effectiveness of the protection given by immunization. We therefore charted the subsequent spread of the infection through the families of the village. Advantage was taken of the fact that at this particular time a trainee assistant was attached to each of the two practices which provided medical services for this village. The object of the study was to find out if the immunization which the family doctors had given prevented attacks of pertussis and limited its spread. Subsidiary objects were to act as a training exercise in the planning of research in general practice for the benefit of the trainee assistants and to assess the diagnostic value of pernasal swabs, since it was necessary to confirm that the causal organism was Bordetella pertussis.
Abstract P5-03-13: Detection of tumor initiating cells (TIC) among the peripherally circulating epithelial tumor cells from patients with breast cancer
Authors: K Pachmann, D Zimon, M Pizon, S Carl, C Rabenstein, O Camara, U Pachmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The detection of tumor cells circulating in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer is a sign that cells have been able to leave the primary tumor and survive in the circulation. However, in order to form metastases they require additional properties such as the ability to adhere, self renew and grow. Here we present data that a variable fraction among the circulating tumor cells detected by the maintrac® approach express mRNA of the stem cell gene nanog and of the adhesion molecule vimentin and are capable of forming tumor spheres a property ascribed to TIC. Patients and methods: Between 10 to 50 circulating epithelial antigen positive cells detected by the maintrac® approach were selected randomly from each of 20 patients with breast cancer before and after surgery and isolated using automated capillary aspiration and deposited individually onto slides for expression profiling. In addition, the circulating tumor cells were cultured without isolation among the white blood cells from 5 patients with breast cancer in different stages of disease using culture methods favoring growth of epithelial cells. Results: Although no EpCAM mRNA positive cells expressing stem cell genes or the adhesion molecule vimentin were detected before surgery, 10 to 20% of the cells were found to be positive for mRNA of these genes after surgery. Most surprisingly, it was possible to grow tumor spheres (Fig 1) from these circulating cells without previous isolation in all patients in a fraction comprising between 1% of the epithelial antigen positive cells in patients with newly diagnosed tumor up to 10% in a patient with advanced breast cancer. Conclusion: We here show, that among the peripherally circulating tumor cells a variable fraction is able to express stem cell and adhesion properties and can be grown into tumor spheres, a property ascribed to cells capable of initiating tumors and metastases. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-13.
Integrating Preventive and Social Medicine in the Medical Curriculum
Authors: John Perry Hubbard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

BEFORE one can talk intelligently about integrating preventive and social medicine in the medical curriculum, the meaning of these much-used and often abused terms must be clarified.DefinitionsThe prevention of specific disease may be said to have begun in England in 1796, when Jenner demonstrated that cowpox confers an immunity that protects against smallpox. In this early beginning it is noteworthy that sound scientific principles were applied to disease prevention. Jenner said, "I placed it upon a rock where I knew it would be immovable before I invited the public to take a look at it." Not always has . . .
A multidisciplinary support programme increases the efficiency of pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in hepatitis C
Authors: José Antonio Carrión, Elena Gonzalez-Colominas, Montserrat García-Retortillo, Nuria Cañete, Isabel Cirera, Susanna Coll, Maria Dolors Giménez, Carmen Márquez, Victoria Martin-Escudero, Pere Castellví, Ricard Navinés, Juan Ramon Castaño, Josep Anton Galeras, Esther Salas, Felipe Bory, Rocío Martín-Santos, Ricard Solà
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Hexokinase 2 Is Required for Tumor Initiation and Maintenance and Its Systemic Deletion Is Therapeutic in Mouse Models of Cancer
Authors: Krushna C. Patra, Qi Wang, Prashanth T. Bhaskar, Luke Miller, Zebin Wang, Will Wheaton, Navdeep Chandel, Markku Laakso, William J. Muller, Eric L. Allen, Abhishek K. Jha, Gromoslaw A. Smolen, Michelle F. Clasquin, R. Brooks Robey, Nissim Hay
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Physiological Analysis of Middle-Aged and Old Former Athletes
Authors: BENGT SALTIN, GUNNAR GRIMBY
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Blood lipids, red cell volume, heart volume, dynamic spirometry, electrocardiograms made at rest and during exercise, and maximal oxygen uptake were determined in 29 former athletes 45 to 70 years old. The subjects had been very successful competitors in endurance events before the age of 30, but for at least 10 years preceding this study had been sedentary. Maximal oxygen uptake averaged 40 ml/kg/min which is 20% higher than that of sedentary middle-aged men but 25% lower than that of still active athletes of the same ages. Vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, and maximal voluntary ventilation showed normal values. Heart volume was large in relation to maximal oxygen uptake and was of the same magnitude as in still active athletes. Red cell volume was also large in relation to maximal oxygen uptake, but normal in relation to the body weight. Cholesterol in serum averaged 260 mg/100 ml. Values for neutral fat averaged 1.6 mM, which was higher than that for still active athletes. In the athletes still active, the frequency of S-T changes was as common as in unselected healthy old men but in the former athletes the frequency was reduced. This was also true for the frequency of right bundle-branch block, ST-junction elevation and high T waves.
APPENDICITIS CONSEQUENT ON ACUTE PHARYNGITIS
Authors: C. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1917)

mesocolon was oe(lematous.The gall bladder was atrophied to a fibrous cord and apparently contained some calculi.The peritoneal cavity contained a fair quantity of blood-stained iluid; so far as could be made out, the rest of the abdominal organs were normal.The whole condition looked hopeless, and, as the patient was seemingly at the point of death, I rapidly closed the wouind in the endeavour to get her off the operatioln table alive.She pwas removed to the ward, placed in the Fowler position,
Interrelation of age, obesity, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
Authors: D Ballantyne, B L Devine, R Fife
Journal: BMJ (1978)

The relations between age, obesity, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure were investigated in 637 men and 835 women who had attended the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic with untreated hypertension. In contrast to results of population surveys of mainly normotensive people no relation was found between cigarette consumption and either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, contrary to results of epidemiological studies a relation between adiposity and blood pressure was found in only male non-smokers. Thus the relations established for largely normotensive populations do not apply to hypertensive patients.
Long-term results of resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma: A multivariate analysis of clinicopathological features
Authors: Edward Cheuck-Seen Lai, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Mathew Ma-Tai Ng, Anna Shuk-Fong Lok, Po-Chor Tam, Sheung-Tat Fan, Tat-Kuen Cho, John Wong
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Recurrent or metastatic disease is frequently encountered among patients who have had resection of their primary hepatocellular carcinoma. A retrospective study on 117 patients (104 men, 13 women; mean age +/- standard deviation: 53.8 +/- 12.4 yr) who had hepatectomy for large hepatocellular carcinoma (diameter greater than or equal to 5 cm) was conducted to identify an at-risk population for tumor recurrence. Disease-free survival was correlated with 22 clinical (n = 5), serological (n = 2), gross pathological (n = 3) and histological (n = 12) features of the resected specimens using Cox's multivariate regression analysis. Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma was detected in 74 patients within a median follow-up period of 13.7 mo. Although 17 patients had extrahepatic disease alone, recurrence was confined to the hepatic remnant in 40 patients. Disease-free survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 yr were 40%, 19% and 12%, respectively. Two of the five histological parameters isolated, negative resection margin (p less than 0.01) and encapsulation (p less than 0.006), were identified as favorable independent prognostic predictors. When patients with positive margins were excluded from the analysis, repeated calculation showed that encapsulation was the only important determinant. From this analysis, detailed histological study of the resected tumor is seen to be the only satisfactory means for assessing long-term prognosis. An aggressive approach is warranted among patients with encapsulated tumors. Even with a clear resection margin, adjuvant treatment should be considered for those patients who have unencapsulated lesions.
THE IN VITRO PENETRATION OF FLUOCINONIDE THROUGH HUMAN SKIN FROM DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF DMSO
Authors: M. F. COLDMAN, TANIA KALINOVSKY, B. J. POULSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Summary.— The penetration of fluocinonide from solution in DMSO across human abdominal skin in vitro has been examined. Different volumes of solution, ranging from 0.025 ml to 0.75 ml, were studied. The results show that better penetration is achieved in this in vitro situation from smaller volumes than from larger volumes. Possible mechanisms that might account for this phenomenon are discussed. A possible explanation considers that the flux of water into the DMSO solution causes an increase in the thermodynamic activity of the drug and hence in the penetration rate of the drug into and through the skin.
Tests et troubles psychosomatiques chez I’enfant
Authors: P. Moron, Y. Bruno
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

After recalling some historical events, the authors relate a few observations they made on children suffering from psychosomatic troubles and who were systematically asked to do the Rorschach test and the test of the tree. If we do not need any longer to demonstrate the value of the Rorschach test in such a case, the test of the tree, when made in very strict conditions, seems to have a real interest, at once for the diagnosis and the prognostic. Particularly, it allows to follow the evolution of the child's affectivity and instinct during the psychosomatic troubles, whether treated or not.
Gastrointestinal Absorption of Aluminum from Aluminum-Containing Antacids
Authors: William D. Kaehny, Arlene P. Hegg, Allen C. Alfrey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Specific tissue burdens of aluminum have been found to be increased in a number of conditions, and evidence has been presented that aluminum may be neurotoxic.1 , 2 The source of the aluminum has not been defined. An extensive review of biologic aspects of aluminum found no evidence to support absorption of orally administered aluminum compounds.3 Berlyne et al. indicated that serum aluminum levels did rise in uremic patients who ingested aluminumcycle resins.4 However, no definitive studies of changes in plasma and urinary levels in normal persons who ingest aluminum have been reported.Previous attempts to evaluate gastrointestinal absorption of aluminum were . . .
Cellular properties of human erythrocytes preserved in saline–adenine–glucose–mannitol in the presence of <scp>L</scp>‐carnitine
Authors: Arduino Arduini, Giampaolo Minetti, Annarita Ciana, Claudio Seppi, Augusta Brovelli, Antonella Profumo, Cristina Vercellati, Manuela Zappa, Alberto Zanella, Secondo Dottori, Mario Bonomini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract L ‐Carnitine (LC) in the preservation medium during storage of red blood cells (RBC) can improve the mean 24‐hr percent recovery in vivo and increase RBC life‐span after reinfusion. The purpose of the study was to investigate the differences in the biochemical properties of RBCs stored in the presence or absence of LC, and the cell‐age related responses to storage conditions and to LC. RBC concentrates in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol (SAG‐M) were stored in the presence or absence of 5 mM LC at 4°C for up to 8 weeks. RBC subpopulations of different densities were prepared by centrifugation on Stractan density gradient. Cells were sampled at 0, 3, 6, and 8 weeks, and hematological and cellular properties analyzed (MCV, MCHC, 4.1a/4.1b ratio as a cell age parameter, intracellular Na + and K + ). After 6 weeks, MCV of RBC stored in the presence of LC was lower than that of controls (6 weeks MCV: controls 95.4 ± 1.8 fl; LC 91.5 ± 2.0 fl; n = 6; P &lt; 0.005). This was due to swelling of control cells, and affected mainly older RBCs. LC appeared to reduce or retard cell swelling. Among the osmotically active substances whose changes during storage could contribute to cell swelling, only intracellular Na + and K + differed between stored control RBCs and LC‐treated cells. LC reduces the swelling of older cells during storage at 4°C in SAG‐M, possibly by acting on the permeability of cell membrane to monovalent cations. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is carotid blood flow affected following primary closure after open carotid endarterectomy surgery?
Authors: Pranav Patel, Amy Sinclair, Manpreet Singh, Nizar Damani, Sanjeev Sarin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)

s / International Journal of Surgery 11 (2013) 686e745 742 ABSTRACTS group thus requires consideration of the individual patient's preoperative morbidity and life expectancy. 1174: APPROPRIATENESS OF VASCULAR REFERRALS TO SECONDARY CARE e AN AUDIT OF CURRENT PRACTICE Tarig Abdelrahman, Tomos Longworth, Adrian Locker. Glangwili Hospital,
Changes in Body Fat and Weight After a Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Influence of Demographic, Prognostic, and Lifestyle Factors
Authors: Melinda L. Irwin, Anne McTiernan, Richard N. Baumgartner, Kathy B. Baumgartner, Leslie Bernstein, Frank D. Gilliland, Rachel Ballard-Barbash
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Purpose Obese women and women who gain weight after a breast cancer diagnosis are at a greater risk for breast cancer recurrence and death compared with lean women and women who do not gain weight after diagnosis. In this population-based study, we assessed weight and body fat changes from during the first year of diagnosis to during the third year after diagnosis, and whether any changes in weight and body fat varied by demographic, prognostic, and lifestyle factors in 514 women with incident Stage 0-IIIA breast cancer. Methods Patients were participants in the Health, Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle (HEAL) study. Weight and body fat (via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans) were measured during the baseline visit and 2 years later at a follow-up visit. Analysis of covariance methods were used to obtain mean weight and body fat changes adjusted for potential cofounders. Results Women increased their weight and percent body fat by 1.7 ± 4.7 kg and 2.1% ± 3.9%, respectively, from during their first year of diagnosis to during their third year of diagnosis. A total of 68% and 74% of patients gained weight and body fat, respectively. Greater increases in weight were observed among women diagnosed with a higher disease stage, younger age, being postmenopausal, and women who decreased their physical activity from diagnosis to up to 3 years after diagnosis (P for trend &lt; .05). Conclusion Weight and body fat increased in the postdiagnosis period. Future research should focus on the effect of physical activity on weight and fat loss and breast cancer prognosis.
NF-κB–inducing kinase (NIK) promotes hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in obesity by augmenting glucagon action
Authors: Liang Sheng, Yingjiang Zhou, Zheng Chen, Decheng Ren, Kae Won Cho, Lin Jiang, Hong Shen, Yoshiteru Sasaki, Liangyou Rui
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Recurrent Herpes Simplex Infection at a Smallpox Vaccination Site
Authors: Lawrence Mintz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A patient who received smallpox vaccinations to treat a recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection had development of recurrent herpes at the vaccination site while his genital lesions continued unabated. Until smallpox vaccine is removed from the general market or reclassified as a restricted biological, the inappropriate use of this agent will continue. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2704-2705)
Effect of simvastatin treatment on cardiovascular resource utilization in impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. Findings from the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study.
Authors: W H Herman, C M Alexander, J R Cook, S J Boccuzzi, T A Musliner, T R Pedersen, J Kjekshus, K Pyörälä
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study showed that simvastatin treatment reduced cardiovascular events in hypercholesterolemic subjects with coronary heart disease. The clinical benefits of therapy were similar in all three subgroups: normal fasting glucose (NFG, n = 3,237), impaired fasting glucose (IFG, n = 678), and diabetes (n = 483). This analysis compared the costs of simvastatin treatment with the costs of cardiovascular disease-related hospitalizations in the three subgroups.The cost of simvastatin treatment was defined as the average retail price and the cost of drug safety monitoring and adverse experiences. The costs of cardiovascular disease-related hospitalizations were determined by actual rates of hospitalization and 1995 MEDSTAT diagnosis-related group costs.Within trial, simvastatin treatment cost approximately $6,000 per patient. Simvastatin treatment reduced cardiovascular disease-related hospitalizations by 23% in NFG (P = 0.001), 30% in IFG (P = 0.015), and 40% in diabetic subjects (P = 0.007) within trial (median follow-up of 5.4 years). Average length of stay was reduced by 2.4 days in diabetic subjects (P = 0.021). Total cardiovascular disease-related hospital days were reduced by 28% (P < 0.001) in NFG, 38% (P = 0.005) in IFG, and 55% (P < 0.001) in diabetic subjects. For NFG subjects, simvastatin reduced the average cost of cardiovascular disease-related hospitalizations by $3,585, which offset 60% of the cost of simvastatin therapy. For IFG subjects, average cardiovascular disease-related hospitalization costs were reduced by $4,478, which offset 74% of the drug cost. For diabetic subjects, there was a net cost savings of $1,801 per subject within trial.Simvastatin significantly reduced cardiovascular disease-related hospitalizations and total hospital days for all three groups and significantly reduced length of stay for the diabetic group in addition to providing significant clinical benefits. The benefits were greatest in the diabetic group, with estimated cost savings within trial from simvastatin treatment.
AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR DRAINING THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AFTER LAVAGE IN ABDOMINAL SECTION.
Authors: J. H. KELLOGG
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Every ovariotomist who has had any considerable degree of experience has some time felt the need of an efficient means by which the abdominal cavity could be conveniently and completely drained of fluid after washing out, so as to avoid the necessity of inserting a drainage tube for this purpose in completing an operation. "Always drain when you wash out," has long been an accepted maxim with many ovariotomists, and the fact that those conditions which require washing out are very generally such as render the drainage tube an absolute necessity, or at any rate a wise precaution against the extension of septic processes or a comforting assurance in relation to internal hemorrhage, will enable the drainage tube to hold its place in abdominal surgery, notwithstanding the cry raised against it by those who happen to have the good fortune to score a long succession of recoveries without its use.
Changes in total and transmural coronary blood flow induced by ethanol
Authors: S. PESCIO, P. MACHO, M. PENNA, R. J DOMENECH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Journal Article Changes in total and transmural coronary blood flow induced by ethanol Get access SERGIO PESCIO, SERGIO PESCIO From the Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, División Orientey Departamento de Farmacología, División Norte, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PILAR MACHO, PILAR MACHO From the Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, División Orientey Departamento de Farmacología, División Norte, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MARIO PENNA, MARIO PENNA From the Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, División Orientey Departamento de Farmacología, División Norte, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RAÚL J DOMENECH RAÚL J DOMENECH * From the Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, División Orientey Departamento de Farmacología, División Norte, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile *Address for reprints: RaúI J Domenech, Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, División Oriente, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 16038, Santiago 9, Chile. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 17, Issue 10, October 1983, Pages 604–607, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/17.10.604 Published: 01 October 1983