tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histamine Metabolites in Asthma
Authors: D. F. Hawkins, J. L. Mongar
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Group III.-Mitral stenosis, judged oper- able, trivial or no symptoms, and systemic embolism.With atrial fibrillation operation is advised.Sinus rhythm is uncommon ; if present we generally recommend operation.Group IV.-Systemic embolism has occurred, but closed valvotomy will not improve valve function.(a) Patients with heavily calcified disorganized valves which are probably more stenotic than incompetent.Operative embolism is a grave risk, occurring in 16% with atrial fibrillation.There is a 12% risk of post-operative emboli.An operative mortality of 13% is considerably higher than for non-calcified valves. (b) Dominant mitral incompetence. 20such patients had closed surgery, 6 died at opera- tion, and three had recurrent emboli despite atrial appendagectomy.Atrial appendagectomy alone does not pro- ,tect against future emboli, especially if valve function cannot be improved.With a heavily calcified valve, a high surgical mor- tality rate, risk of operative embolism, and limited benefit make it difficult to recommend closed surgery despite previous embolism.In this situation anticoagulant treatment might be considered.Pre-operative embolism in a random group of 104 patients in this series was no com- moner with a large than with a small appendage, as assessed radiologically.Conversely, in 105 patients with systemic embolism large appendages were as common as small appendages.Our findings differ from those of Dr. W.
Visual Evoked Potentials in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Michel Algan, Olivier Ziegler, Philippe Gehin, Isabelle Got, Antoine Raspiller, Michel Weber, Pierre Genton, Etienne Saudax, Pierre Drouin
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were assessed in 50 adult type I (insulin-dependent) and 19 type II (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus patients and in 54 controls. P100 wave latency was significantly longer in diabetic patients (P less than .001). Twenty-eight percent of diabetic patients had P100 wave latencies above the normal range. There was no correlation between P100 latency and type or duration of diabetes mellitus, quality of metabolic control, or presence of degenerative complications. The significance of VEP abnormalities in diabetes mellitus remains speculative.
The Case for Deregulating Drug Efficacy
Authors: Richard Dorsey
Journal: JAMA (1979)

IN RECENT years growing dissatisfaction with existing federal drug law has been expressed by numerous groups. Physicians have complained of excessive delays in the introduction of new drugs and of growing intrusion by the Food and Drug Administration into the practice of medicine. The pharmaceutical industry has contended that resources are increasingly being shifted from productive research to administrative compliance. Consumerists, a predominantly young, healthy, and cause-oriented group, have berated the FDA for not regulating industry and physicians more tightly, to general approbation in the news media and Congress. On the other hand, genuine respresentatives of patients and the sick themselves have recently moved in precisely the opposite direction. For example, in the case of valproate sodium, the Epilepsy Foundation of America strongly urged the FDA and Congress to accelerate approval of this valuable new drug for seizure control.<sup>1,2</sup> Even more dramatically, cancer patients and their families have rejected
TREATMENT OF CHRONIC GONORRHEAL SKENITIS WITH THE ELECTRIC CAUTERY
Authors: Chester B. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1918)

A not uncommon pelvic focus for the lodgment of the gonococcus is the gland of Skene. In this minute epithelial pocket such an infection may persist indefinitely in spite of local applications. Even if the ducts are exposed and medicinal injections directed into them with a hypodermic needle, the infection may continue without interruption. Often it is possible to express a few or several drops of pus week after week, and month after month, along with such oft-repeated treatment. Furthermore, this minute gland may remain in a chronic state of suppuration without a local symptom, the focus of infection being discovered only in the course of a general pelvic examination. Unless one makes an attempt to express the contents of these ducts, this focus may be entirely overlooked. In this type of gonorrheal infection of Skene's gland nothing less than the complete destruction of the gland will terminate the disease
Cervical Spondylosis and Other Disorders of the Cervical Spine
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This disorder is defined as a condition in which there is a progressive degeneration of the intervertebral disks leading to changes in the surrounding structures. Scarcely recognized 20 years ago, these changes are now known to produce a painful neck, headache, radicular syndrome, changes in the spinal cord, and interference with blood supply to the brain. The fourth of the book devoted to anatomy is profusely illustrated but overly detailed for the average reader. Pathology is properly emphasized since the irreversible changes are so important for evaluation of treatment and prognosis.  Radiologist Allan Young emphasizes the value of flexion-extension views of the neck and points out how varying measurements of the spinal canal may explain absence or presence of symptoms. The role of myelography is considered, although pneumomyelography is not illustrated. He dismisses diskography as having no useful role in study of the cervical spine, while
Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Relation to Current and Discontinued Use of Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Dennis Slone, Samuel Shapiro, David W. Kaufman, Lynn Rosenberg, Olli S. Miettinen, Paul D. Stolley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

In a hospital-based case-control study, we evaluated the rate of myocardial infarction in relation to discontinued as well as current use of oral contraceptives. We compared 556 women with infarction, 25 to 49 years old, with 2036 age-matched control subjects. For current users, the rate-ratio estimate was 3.5 (95 per cent confidence limits, 2.2 to 5.5). For past users 40 to 49 years of age, the magnitude of the rate ratio was related to the duration of use: for total durations of past use of less than five years, five to nine years, and 10 or more years, respectively, the rate-ratio estimates (with 95 per cent confidence limits) were 1.0 (0.8 and 1.4), 1.6 (1.1 and 2.5), and 2.5 (1.5 and 4.1). This trend was statistically significant (P less than 0.01). The findings suggest that an effect on the risk of myocardial infarction persists after the discontinuation of long-term use of oral contraceptives.
Replacement of Water and Electrolyte Losses in Cholera by an Oral Glucose—Electrolyte Solution
Authors: NATHANIEL F. PIERCE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The efficacy of an orally administered glucose-electrolyte solution in replacing stool losses of water and electrolytes in severe cholera was evaluated. After initial intravenous rehydration intravenous fluids were discontinued, and subsequent water and electrolyte losses were replaced by the oral solution administered via nasogastric tube. In 9 of 10 patients so treated, water, electrolyte, and acid-base balances were adequately maintained by this method until diarrhea ended. One patient with very severe diarrhea required small amounts of additional intravenous fluids to maintain water balance. Patients receiving the oral solution had a small but significant increase in stool output during oral fluid administration when compared with the 10 patients in the control group who received only intravenous replacement of stool losses. Calculated absorption of the oral fluid was 87%. Duration of diarrhea and of Vibrio cholerae excretion were not prolonged by the oral solution administration. The role of glucose in the absorption of water and sodium by the small bowel is discussed. The study suggests a useful role for such an orally administered glucose-electrolyte solution in the management of cholera.
Abstract 1214: Preclinical models of prostate cancer: New patient-derived xenografts for preclinical studies and evaluation of prostate cancer biology
Authors: Holly M. Nguyen, Colm Morrissey, Peter S. Nelson, Xiaotun Zhang, Paul H. Lange, Robert L. Vessella, Eva Corey
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease and in order to increase our understanding of PCa biology and evaluate efficacy of novel pipeline agents, clinically relevant models are needed. It is well known that PCa xenografts are difficult to establish and propagate with approximate take rates of only 20%. During past the 20 years we have established and characterized a large series of LuCaP prostate cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Herein, we present a summary of the biological and molecular characterization of these PDX LuCaP models. LuCaP PCa PDX models were derived from primary PCa and various sites of metastases. The histology of the LuCaP PDXs is similar to the originating clinical specimen, and the unsupervised gene expression array clustering analyses revealed an association between the xenograft and the originating specimen. Twenty four of the lines are adenocarcinoma and four exhibit a neuroendocrine phenotype. Characterization of the LuCaP PDX tumors includes expression arrays, RNASeq, exome sequencing, and IHC for multiple markers. Some of the models show Rb deletion, TMPRSS2/ERG translocation, PTEN deletion, PI3K activation and other critical characteristics detected in clinical specimens and associated with PCa progression. In vivo characterizations show responses to androgen suppression spanning the range of responses to this therapy seen in patients; differential levels of serum PSA, tumor-doubling time, and responses to docetaxel. Furthermore, seven of our models elicit an osteoblastic reaction when implanted in the bone. In summary the diversity of phenotypes and responses of the LuCaP PDXs to therapy are representative of responses seen in the clinical setting. Therefore, the LuCaP PCa PDXs are highly clinically relevant models to study PCa biology and evaluate new treatment modalities. These models are available to researchers worldwide for studies aiming to improve survival of PCa patients and quality of life of men suffering from this disease. Citation Format: Holly M. Nguyen, Colm Morrissey, Peter S. Nelson, Xiaotun Zhang, Paul H. Lange, Robert L. Vessella, Eva Corey. Preclinical models of prostate cancer: New patient-derived xenografts for preclinical studies and evaluation of prostate cancer biology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1214. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1214
A Lecture on a Case of Syphilitic Arterial Disease: Delivered at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, October 22nd, 1901
Authors: W. R. Gowers
Journal: BMJ (1901)

GENTLEMEN,-Patients sometimes die when we expect them 'to live.The discrepancy between our forecast and the fact is, of course, the result of our ignorance.
Grief and Post-Traumatic Growth in Parents 2–6 Years after the Death of Their Extremely Premature Baby
Authors: Stefan Büchi, Hanspeter Mörgeli, Ulrich Schnyder, Josef Jenewein, Urs Hepp, Eveline Jina, Rachel Neuhaus, Jean-Claude Fauchère, Hans Ulrich Bucher, Tom Sensky
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

To assess grief and post-traumatic growth in parents 2-6 years after the death of a premature baby (24-26 weeks' gestation) and to evaluate Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self-Measure (PRISM) in the assessment of bereavement.Fifty-four parents were assessed for their experiences during hospitalization and by questionnaires regarding grief (MTS), post-traumatic growth, affective symptoms and the visual representation of the baby and the self of the parents (PRISM).Even 2-6 years after the loss of their extremely preterm infant the parents still suffer a lot from their bereavement, mothers more so than fathers (Mann-Whitney U test, U = 230.5, p < 0.05). Having another child reduced the level of grief (U = 119.0, p < 0.05). Mothers showed more post-traumatic growth than fathers (U = 140.5, p < 0.001). For all parents a shorter distance between the baby and the self (PRISM) correlated with greater grief (rho = -0.62, p < 0.001); in multiple regression analysis MTS explained 38% of the SBS-variance.Clinicians should be aware that the death of an extremely premature infant triggers not only a painful long-term process of mourning but also of individual personal growth. Adaptation processes after the death differ depending on gender, with mothers experiencing more intense grief but also more growth than fathers. The modified PRISM test is recommended as a visual, non-verbal and easy-to-use instrument to assess bereavement.
Effective stent-based delivery of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 to porcine coronary arteries using a novel biosynthetic stent coating
Authors: Thomas W. Johnson, None Yin Xiong Wu, Christian Herdeg, Andreas Baumbach, Andrew C. Newby, Karl R. Karsch, Martin Oberhoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
GONADOTROPINS OF THE ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY AND OF CHORIONIC TISSUE
Authors: EARL T. ENGLE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The concept of gonadotropic action of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland arose from the experiments of Philip E. Smith in 1926, in which the treatment of immature rodents with implants of fresh anterior lobe produced follicular growth and the formation of corpora lutea. Similar effects were found at the same time in immature mice by Aschheim and Zondek, but Smith demonstrated that atrophy of the gonads follows hypophysectomy and that it may be prevented or the gonads repaired by treatment with fresh anterior pituitary implants. Since this pioneer work, an amazing mass of literature concerning this subject has accumulated. It is beyond the scope of this chapter to consider all the work which has been reported. For such a comprehensive review the reader is referred to Van Dyke (1939).<sup>1</sup>In the present article attention will be directed to those observations which appear to be most firmly established
Glucagon: Physiologic and Diabetogenic Role
Authors: Philip Felig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Almost 50 years have elapsed since the discovery of glucagon as the pancreatic hyperglycemic factor contaminating crude insulin preparations. Despite numerous studies in the intervening years and frequent reference to glucagon as a glucoregulatory hormone, attempts to establish the physiologic importance of this factor have, until recently, been inconclusive. The classic experimental endocrinologic approach of surgical extirpation has been precluded by the proximity of alpha and beta cells in mammalian pancreatic islets. The alternative approach of producing a glucagon deficiency state with chemical agents has been frustrated by the lack of an alpha-cytotoxic agent with an effect comparable to that . . .
Aiolos promotes TH17 differentiation by directly silencing Il2 expression
Authors: Francisco J Quintana, Hulin Jin, Evan J Burns, Meghan Nadeau, Ada Yeste, Deepak Kumar, Manu Rangachari, Chen Zhu, Sheng Xiao, John Seavitt, Katia Georgopoulos, Vijay K Kuchroo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2012)
An American Text-Book of Physiology.
Authors: William Henry Howell, Henry P Bowditch
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia
Authors: Pär Larsson, Petra C F Oyston, Patrick Chain, May C Chu, Melanie Duffield, Hans-Henrik Fuxelius, Emilio Garcia, Greger Hälltorp, Daniel Johansson, Karen E Isherwood, Peter D Karp, Eva Larsson, Ying Liu, Stephen Michell, Joann Prior, Richard Prior, Stephanie Malfatti, Anders Sjöstedt, Kerstin Svensson, Nick Thompson, Lisa Vergez, Jonathan K Wagg, Brendan W Wren, Luther E Lindler, Siv G E Andersson, Mats Forsman, Richard W Titball
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Novel histidine-conjugated galactosylated cationic liposomes for efficient hepatocyte-selective gene transfer in human hepatoma HepG2 cells
Authors: Kosuke Shigeta, Shigeru Kawakami, Yuriko Higuchi, Tatsuya Okuda, Hiroko Yagi, Fumiyoshi Yamashita, Mitsuru Hashida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Prediction of the recovery of asynergic myocardium following successful thrombolysis using O-15 Water and positron emission tomography (PET)
Authors: Yusuke Yamamoto, Luis I Araujo, Ranil de Silva, Hidehiro Iida, Christopher G Rhodes, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, David Hackett, Claire Taylor, Terry Jones, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
The N-Terminal Propeptide of Collagen Type III in Serum Reflects Activity and Degree of Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Alain Frei, Arthur Zimmermann, Kurt Weigand
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the collagen Type III (Col 1-3) N-terminal propeptide of procollagen Type III, with respect to activity and degree of liver fibrosis, Col 1-3 serum concentrations were measured in 111 patients with chronic liver diseases and in 60 patients were correlated with liver histology and morphometry. Col 1-3 was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay. Biopsies were read without knowledge of diagnosis. Periportal and intralobular lesions were assessed semiquantitatively by allocating 1 of 4 severity grades to each parameter. All portal areas were measured morphometrically. Compared to 27 normal controls, Col 1-3 concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with untreated chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis and primary biliary cirrhosis, but not in chronic persistent hepatitis or fatty liver. Morphometrically measured portal tract area significantly correlated with Col 1-3 plasma levels. Among the semiquantitatively measured periportal lesions, the number of fibroblasts exhibited the closest relationship with Col 1-3 levels; there was no relationship between Col 1-3 levels and intralobular lesions. These data suggest that Col 1-3 serum levels reliably reflect the activity and degree of liver fibrosis and are useful along with liver biopsy in follow-up of patients with chronic liver disease.
Abstract 447: Has the expression of the Wnt-pathway in regard to cMYC and β-Catenin a predicitive influence on the kind of metastasis in colon cancer
Authors: Jens Strohäker, Claudius Falch, Claus Hann-von-Weyhern, Patrick Adam, Alfred Königsrainer, Falko Fend, Björn LDM Brücher
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: cMYC as well as β-Catenin are downstream-targets of the Wnt-pathway and both have an important early function within the carcinogenesis and the progression of colon cancer. Additionally cMYC was found to be associated with a worse prognosis in other neoplasms. The goal of our investigations was the evaluation of the Wnt-pathway on primary non-metastatic colon cancer compared to lymphatic, hepatic and peritoneal metastasis in regard to the expression of cMYC and β-Catenin. Methods: 98 patients with adenocarcinom of the colon and a postoperative pT2/3-status, who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2008 at the University of Tübingen had been included within the study collective. 53 patients had no metastasis (control group), while 45 patients revealed primary metastasis: lymphatic metastasis (n=20), hepatic spread (n=20) and multiple metastasize (n=5). cMYC and β-Catenin was coloured on a Tissue-Micro-Array by immunohistochemistry with consecutive semiquantitative analysis. Results: 17 of 98 patients (17%) had been positive for cMYC. 5 out of these 17 (29%) revelaed metastasis. 16 out of the 17 cMYC-positive patients showed a nuclear accumulation of β-Catenin (94%) (p=0.027). 40 out of 81 (49%) cMYC negative patients revealed metastasis. No significant correlation between nuclear positive cMYC and the rate or kind of metastasis was found (p=0.133). In 29 out of 81 cMYC-negative patients (36%) a strong expression of β-Catenin was found. Conclusion: cMYC is well known for a worse prognosis in case of an overexpression in patients suffering from lymphoma. A correlation between the expression of cMYC and the kind of metastasis and / or survival nor prognosis in patients with colon cancer was not able to show (p=0.211). Additonally no correlation between the nuclear exprimed β-Catenin and different ways of metastasis was found (p=0.202). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 447. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-447