tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Radical Cure of Hernia
Authors: E. Kingscote
Journal: BMJ (1890)

catheter is next introduced into the Eustachian orifice under guidance of the rhinoscopic mirror.The handle of the catheter is then moved towards the opposite angle of the mouth, and perhaps slightly depressed, the beak of the instrument being introduced well into the tube by a slight onward and upward movement of the whole instrument.Inflation can now be made with the bag in the ordinary way.The opposite tube can of course be catheter- ised without removing the instrument from the nasopharynx.My catheter, being only curved in one plane, differs from that of Cutter, of Boston, in which the terminal portion of the instrument is movable, and also from those suggested by Stork and Kessel, who, according to Politzer, recommend that the instrument should be bent to one side as well as somewhat backwards.I agree with
Epigenetic and in vivo comparison of diverse MSC sources reveals an endochondral signature for human hematopoietic niche formation
Authors: Andreas Reinisch, Nathalie Etchart, Daniel Thomas, Nicole A. Hofmann, Margareta Fruehwirth, Subarna Sinha, Charles K. Chan, Kshemendra Senarath-Yapa, Eun-Young Seo, Taylor Wearda, Udo F. Hartwig, Christine Beham-Schmid, Slave Trajanoski, Qiong Lin, Wolfgang Wagner, Christian Dullin, Frauke Alves, Michael Andreeff, Irving L. Weissman, Michael T. Longaker, Katharina Schallmoser, Ravindra Majeti, Dirk Strunk
Journal: Blood (2014)
We Pledge to Change iPLEDGE
Authors: Joseph C. Pierson, Laura K. Ferris, Eleanor B. Schwarz
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Disseminated growth of Hodgkin's-derived cell lines L540 and L540cy in immune-deficient SCID mice
Authors: U. Kapp, A. Düx, E. Schell-Frederick, N. Banik, M. Hummel, S. Mücke, C. Fonatsch, J. Bullerdiek, C. Gottstein, A. Engert, V. Diehl, J. Wolf
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1994)
Amnesty claims United States faces "maternal healthcare crisis"
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

As the US administration struggles to push controversial health reforms through Congress, a new report by Amnesty International claims that exclusion and discrimination have led to a mounting crisis in maternal healthcare, with mortality rates doubling in 20 years.

The report says that at least two women die each day from complications of pregnancy and childbirth and maintains that half of these deaths could be prevented “if maternal healthcare were available, accessible and of good quality for all women.”

The report indicates that maternal mortality ratios have increased from 6.6 deaths per 100 000 live births …
Descriptions of Benefits and Risks in Consent Forms for Phase 1 Oncology Trials
Authors: Sam Horng, Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Benjamin Wilfond, Jonathan Rackoff, Karen Martz, Christine Grady
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Ethicists have suggested that written consent forms encourage participants in phase 1 cancer trials to expect benefit from the experimental agent and to overlook serious risks.To evaluate the written description of direct benefit as well as risk, all consent forms for 1999 phase 1 cancer trials were compiled from 80 percent of the National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centers and from six of eight large pharmaceutical developers of anticancer drugs. In each case, we evaluated the characteristics of the trial, the descriptions of the purpose and procedures of the research, the promise of benefit, the description of risks, and the description of alternatives.Of 272 forms, 268 explicitly mentioned that the trial was research, and 249 stated that the purpose of the trial was testing for safety. Nearly all forms (269) mentioned the right to withdraw from the trial. Almost all forms (260) referred to the experimental agent as "treatment" or "therapy." Only one consent form promised direct benefit to subjects. Most forms (181) mentioned death as a risk, and very few (14) mentioned cure as even a possible benefit. Most (229) stated that there was unknown risk involved and indicated that severe or permanent harms were possible (224).Consent forms for phase 1 oncology studies almost never promise direct benefit to subjects, rarely mention cure, and usually communicate the seriousness and unpredictability of risk. Although there is room for improvement, the substance of these forms is unlikely to be the primary source of misunderstanding by subjects in phase 1 oncology trials.
Cardioversion of Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Laura J. Collins, David I. Silverman, Pamela S. Douglas, Warren J. Manning
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The use of warfarin anticoagulation for several weeks before cardioversion results in a 90% reduction in the incidence of cardioversion-related thromboembolism. The mechanism of this benefit, however, is unknown; it has been widely attributed to organization and adherence of atrial thrombi, a finding observed among pathological studies of patients with rheumatic valvular disease. Methods and Results Serial transesophageal echocardiography was performed in 14 patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation after identification of atrial thrombi on initial transesophageal study. All patients received warfarin anticoagulation and were followed clinically for signs of thromboembolism. Eighteen atrial thrombi were identified on initial transesophageal study, including 14 thrombi confined to the left atrial appendage, 2 in the body of the left atrium, 1 in the right atrial appendage, and 1 in the body of the right atrium. Thrombus size varied from 5 to 20 mm, and 6 were considered mobile. After a median of 4 weeks of warfarin, 16 of 18 atrial thrombi (89%; 95% CI, 73% to 100%) had completely resolved on transesophageal echocardiographic study. In addition, no new thrombi were identified on follow-up study, and no patient had a clinical thromboembolic event between studies. Conclusions These data strongly support the hypothesis that among patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, the mechanism of clinical benefit with 3 to 4 weeks of warfarin before cardioversion is related to thrombus resolution and prevention of new thrombus formation rather than thrombus organization.
Bartter's Syndrome—Limelight on Prostaglandins
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Fifteen years ago, Bartter et al<sup>1</sup>described a syndrome of secondary hyperaldosteronism, characterized by juxtaglomerular hyperplasia and, paradoxically, by the absence of the expected rise in blood pressure (BP). The clinical and biochemical facets of this syndrome have since been delineated, but its mechanism remains obscure, even though the dimness of the pathophysiologic horizon has been lit up at intervals by a succession of colorful hypotheses. Unfortunately, like falling stars they shone briefly, only to fade away. Bartter attributed his newly discovered syndrome to insensitivity of the arterial wall to the pressor effects of angiotensin. The resultant hemodynamic disturbance is sensed by the kidney as contracted blood volume, to which the kidney responds by oversecreting renin. Excess renin in turn stimulates aldosterone secretion with consequent potassium loss and metabolic alkalosis. As a result of chronic overactivity, the juxtaglomerular apparatus hypertrophies. Yet, because the blood vessels are unable to constrict
Urodynamic investigation in elderly women.
Authors: D P Keane, S D Eckford, A M Shepherd, P Abrams
Journal: BMJ (1993)

general practice tutor who now visits and assesses practices applying to employ a retained doctor and who meets the retained doctors annually to assess whether their educational needs are being met.Toynton also recommends a system whereby retained doctors can be given a free pass for educational activities.At this postgraduate centre, and many others in this region, this has been the system for some time.Fees are charged only to doctors who require a postgraduate education allowance certificate.Doctors on the retainer scheme, and trainees, assistants, retired doctors, and anyone else who does not require a certificate, are welcome to contact our postgraduate administrator for details of our educational programmes, to which they will be admitted free of charge.
Interictal and Ictal SPECT in a Neonate With Hemimegalencephaly
Authors: ISRAEL ALFONSO, SIMON HARVEY, ADRIANA ACUÑA, EDUARDO VELEZ, OSCAR PAPAZIAN, RICHARD LITT#, MARGARET GAINEY#
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

The authors report regional differences in perfusion within the affected hemisphere with relatively interictal hypoperfusion and ictal hyperperfusion of the seizure focus in a neonate with hemimegalencephaly. These ictal/interictal changes in perfusion are characteristic of an eleptogenic foci in older patients. These findings are illustrated.
Clinical Evaluation of the Critically Injured
Authors: William E. DeMuth
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This well-conceived book furnishes concise guidance in evaluating critically injured patients. It should find wide acceptance by those responsible for training programs in surgery and emergency medicine, as well as for emergency department practitioners. The book appropriately fits the fine reputation in trauma care enjoyed by the University of Louisville. The purpose of the book is well served by the avoidance of therapeutic considerations except where needed to preserve life. Inclusion of definitive treatment would require a much larger book that would detract from the conciseness desirable in one designed for ready reference in emergency situations. The chapters on wounding forces and physiologic concomitants of injury, enhanced by excellent bibliographies, afford excellent background information in the understanding of traumatic injury. Chapter 12 covers evaluation by operation, a concept belatedly recognized as reasonable. Covered here are problems for which clinical acumen or testing are insufficient to make clearcut decisions regarding indication
1160-197 Decreased serum ghrelin and insulin-like growth factor-I levels associated with insulin resistance in patients with acute heart failure: Analysis by steady-state plasma glucose method
Authors: Satoshi Yasuda, Shunichi Miyazaki, Hiroshi Hosoda, Noritoshi Nagaya, Munetake Kanda, Masaaki Hasegawa, Yutaka Harano, Yoichi Goto, Hiroshi Nonogi, Kenji Kangawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Achalasia and Absent Gastric Air Bubble
Authors: Roy C. Orlando, David L. Call, Charles A. Bream
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Brief Reports1 January 1978Achalasia and Absent Gastric Air BubbleROY C. ORLANDO, M.D., DAVID L. CALL, M.D., CHARLES A. BREAM, M.D.ROY C. ORLANDO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID L. CALL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CHARLES A. BREAM, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-1-60 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAchalasia is an esophageal motor disorder whose major symptom is dysphagia (1-3). This symptom results from ineffective transport of swallowed material from mouth to stomach. Because swallowed air is largely responsible for the gastric air bubble on chest roentgenogram (4), an impairment of air transport may alter this finding. Indeed, absence of a gastric air bubble on erect chest roentgenogram has been suggested as a sign of achalasia (1-3, 5). Because this radiologic sign lacks adequate documentation, we investigated its prevalence in patients with achalasia and in suitable control subjects.Erect chest roentgenogram (posterioanterior and lateral) were available for study...References1. POPE C: Motor disorders, in Gastrointestinal Disease, edited by SLEISENGER MH, FORDTRAN JS. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company, 1973, p. 95 Google Scholar2. STEIN G and MARKOWITZ R: The roentgen diagnosis of achalasia and other motor disorders of the esophagus, in Gastroenterology, Vol. I, edited by BOCKUS HL. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company, 1974, p. 208 Google Scholar3. ELLIS F and OLSEN A: Achalasia of the Esophagus. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Company, 1969, pp. 105-107 Google Scholar4. BOND J and LEVITT M: A rational approach to intestinal gas problems, in Viewpoints on Digestive Diseases 8, No. 2, 1977 Google Scholar5. MARGULIS A and BURHENNE H: Alimentary Tract Roentgenology. St. Louis, C.B. Mosby Company, 1973, p. 423 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROY C. ORLANDO, M.D.; DAVID L. CALL, M.D.; CHARLES A. BREAM, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAchalasiaAppearance of a double bubble in achalasia cardia: a case reportESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERSPreoperative Assessment of Esophageal FunctionAcalasia esofágica. Revisión de sus aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticosEsophageal Physiology and PathophysiologyAchalasiaEsophageal motility disordersSouthwestern Internal Medicine Conference: Esophageal Achalasia Syndromes 1 January 1978Volume 88, Issue 1 Page: 60-61 Keywords Dysphagia Mouth Stomach Thorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic submucosal dissection plus radiofrequency ablation of neoplastic Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: H. Neuhaus, G. Terheggen, E. Rutz, M. Vieth, B. Schumacher
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aims: </b>Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of early gastrointestinal tumors has been shown to achieve complete resection rates superior to endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), but at the cost of higher risk. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the feasibility and oncological results of ESD in patients with neoplastic Barrett’s esophagus in conjunction with subsequent radiofrequency ablation (RFA). <b>Methods: </b>Patients with Barrett’s esophagus who had visible lesions containing high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) or mucosal adenocarcinoma (MAC) up to 3 cm in diameter were included in the study. ESD was performed using a new waterjet-assisted system (WESD) with a HybridKnife (Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, Tübingen, Germany). Primary outcome was the rate of complete tumor resection. RFA of residual intestinal metaplasia was offered to all patients with at least two negative follow-up endoscopies. <b>Results: </b>Of 30 patients (m:f = 21:9; median age 60 years) with biopsy-proven MAC (n = 24) or HGIN (n = 6) with a median diameter of 2 cm, complete resection of the targeted area was achieved in 29 patients (96.7 %; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 82 % – 99 %); en bloc resection was achieved in 27 of these patients (90.0 %; 95 %CI 74 % – 97 %). Minor delayed bleedings occurred in two patients. One patient died due to a sudden cardiac death 7 days after an uneventful WESD. Specimen histology (n = 29) revealed no neoplasia in 3 patients, HGIN in 2, MAC in 21, and submucosal cancer in 3; complete resection was histologically confirmed in only 10 of the 26 patients with HGIN or adenocarcinoma (38.5 %; 95 %CI 22 % – 57 %). However, endoscopic follow-up (median 17 months) showed complete remission of neoplasia in 27 /28 (96.4 %; 95 %CI 81 % – 99 %) patients who underwent successful WESD and were alive at 30 days. One patient underwent EMR of residual tumor. All Barrett’s tissue was eradicated by ESD alone in 15 cases and by additional RFA in 8 /10 cases (not done in three patients). <b>Conclusions: </b>ESD of Barrett’s neoplasia is feasible and safe, but does not achieve sufficient R0 resection rates to warrant its recommended use over piecemeal EMR. In combination with RFA it can achieve complete eradication of neoplastic and non-neoplastic Barrett’s epithelium. The discrepancy between insufficient oncological resection and good medium-term results needs to be studied further.
Elective Stenting of the Extracranial Carotid Arteries
Authors: Jay S. Yadav, Gary S. Roubin, Sriram Iyer, Jiri Vitek, Peter King, William D. Jordan, Winfield S. Fisher
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Surgical endarterectomy has been shown to be superior to medical management in the management of severe carotid stenosis in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Endarterectomy, although effective, does have limitations, and percutaneous techniques may offer an alternative method of treatment.The feasibility and safety of percutaneous carotid angioplasty and elective (primary) stenting was evaluated prospectively in a consecutive series of 107 patients. One hundred twenty-six carotid arteries with significant stenosis were treated. This series represented a high-risk subset that included patients with previous ipsilateral endarterectomy and severe medical comorbidity. Forty-five percent of the patients were referred by surgeons. Patients had independent neurological examinations before and after the procedure and follow-up cerebral angiography at 6 months. The mean (+/- SD) stenosis was reduced from 78 +/- 14% to 2 +/- 5%. There were 7 minor strokes, 2 major strokes, and 1 death during the initial hospitalization and first 30 days after the procedure. For the combined end point of all strokes and death, the incidence was 7.9%. For ipsilateral major stroke and death, the incidence was 1.6%. There were no strokes during the follow-up period. Mean angiographic stenosis at 6 months in 81 patients was 18 +/- 16% (range, -21% to 57%). Four (4.9%) of these 81 patients had asymptomatic restenosis. Five asymptomatic patients had repeat intervention: 2 had angioplasty for restenosis, 2 had angioplasty for stent deformation, and 1 had endarterectomy for restenosis.In a high-risk group of patients, percutaneous carotid angioplasty and stenting are feasible and can be performed with low restenosis and repeat intervention rates.
Managing sudden bereavement.
Authors: J. Howell
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Src family kinases are involved in a plethora of aspects of cellular signaling. We demonstrate in this study that the Src family kinase Lyn negatively regulates TLR signaling in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMΦs) and in vivo. LPS-stimulated Lyn<sup>−/−</sup> BMMΦs produced significantly more IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-α/β compared with wild type (WT) BMMΦs, suggesting that Lyn is able to control both MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways downstream of TLR4. CD14 was not involved in this type of regulation. Moreover, Lyn attenuated proinflammatory cytokine production in BMMΦs in response to the TLR2 ligand FSL-1, but not to ligands for TLR3 (dsRNA) or TLR9 (CpG 1668). In agreement with these in vitro experiments, Lyn-deficient mice produced higher amounts of proinflammatory cytokines than did WT mice after i. v. injection of LPS or FSL-1. Although Lyn clearly acted as a negative regulator downstream of TLR4 and TLR2, it did not, different from what was proposed previously, prevent the induction of LPS tolerance. Stimulation with a low dose of LPS resulted in reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines after subsequent stimulation with a high dose of LPS in both WT and Lyn<sup>−/−</sup> BMMΦs, as well as in vivo. Mechanistically, Lyn interacted with PI3K; in correlation, PI3K inhibition resulted in increased LPS-triggered cytokine production. In this line, SHIP1<sup>−/−</sup> BMMΦs, exerting enhanced PI3K-pathway activation, produced fewer cytokines than did WT BMMΦs. The data suggest that the Lyn-mediated negative regulation of TLR signaling proceeds, at least in part, via PI3K.
Note on the Association of Rheumatism with Scarlatina
Authors: T. F. Raven
Journal: BMJ (1886)

descending from his warehouse, fell off the ladder astride the iron handle of a truck standing vertically.Shortly after the accident, in trying to relieve the desire for micturition, he noticed a stream of blood coming from his meatus, followed with difficulty in the passage of urine.He lost about two ounces of blood.October 5th, 1885.He at once sent for me, and on examination the perinnum was found to be slightly swollen, excessively tender, with a small skin-abrasion in the centre.He was ordered a hip-bath, and sent to bed.A few hours later, with the assistance of my father, all our attempts to pass a catheter failed, a quantity of blood followed these attempts.Warm fomentations were applied to the perinaum, which somewhat relieved the pain.October 6th.Micturition was difficult and painful; the urine was pre- cededby afew drops of blood, and followed by a "peculiar creeping, smart- ing sensation," referred by the patient to the perinneum.The swelling in the perinseum had increased, and become harder.There was no oozing from the skin-abrasion.Temperature 1000 Fahr.For the next three days, his temperature ranged between 100°Fahr.and 1010 Fahr.
The Medical Outcomes Study
Authors: Robert Matz
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —It is unclear that the conclusions drawn from the MOS<sup>1</sup>are applicable to current and future management of patients with NIDDM. Not only was the number of patients treated by endocrinologists inadequate for meaningful statistical analysis, but the 2- and 4-year outcomes in NIDDM may be too short for significant differences to be manifest. It is unclear that any intervention in a population of 60-year-old patients with NIDDM would influence mortality within 7 years except within subgroups, which this study does not analyze. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial<sup>2</sup>of intensified treatment for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was published just as the study by Dr Greenfield and colleagues<sup>1</sup>ended. It required 5 to 7 years to demonstrate significant differences in complications and even then did not reach statistical significance for some measures. No effect on mortality was described. The benefits of intensified treatment
The interrelationship between the release of renin and vasopressin as defined by orthostasis and propranolol.
Authors: R Davies, M L Forsling, J D Slater
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

The concentration of both plasma renin and plasma arginine vasopressin rose in normal subjects after an 85 degrees head-up tilt. Plasma renin activity, which increased 70-80% above the supine value, was maximal at 15 or 30 min, whereas the six- to seven-fold increase of plasma arginine vasopressin concentration was observed between 30 and 45 min. Intravenous propranolol administered just before tilt was used to investigate the possibility that the delayed rise of arginine vasopressin was stimulated by renin. Although the response of plasma renin was completely abolished by propranolol, the response of vasopressin was unaffected. These findings suggest that the release of vasopressin that follows isosmolar hypovolemia achieved by orthostasis may occur independently of changes in the renin-angiotensin system in the presence of propranolol.