tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of player position on patellar tendinopathy in volleyball
Authors: N Mahieu, R De Ridder, L Reynaert, K Strubbe, W Poppe, A Cools, P Roosen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background This pilot study is the first to investigate the role of player position on the development of patellar tendinopathy (PT) in competitive volleyball players. Objective The objective is to identify intrinsic risk factors depending on player position for developing PT. Design Retrospective design. Setting Eight male national volleyball teams participated in this study. They were tested at the beginning of the season 2009–2010. Participants A total of 71 male players were included. For each player the position on the field was registered. By means of questionnaires, the participants injury history was documented. Assessment of risk factors Anthropometrical data, muscle strength, muscle length and landing strategies were assessed. Main outcome measurements The strength of the hip muscles was measured with a hand-held dynamometer. Muscle length of gastrocnemius, soleus, hamstrings and quadriceps was determined by means of a plurimeter. A 2D video analyses was made of a vertical jump. Knee flexion angle, Q-angle and Ankle dorsiflexion angle during the landing were calculated. Results The incidence of PT is higher in outside hitters (11%) and middle blockers (12.1%) than opposites (3.2%), setters (4.8%) and libero's (6%). When taking into account the players with a history of PT, the libero has a significant higher body mass, a higher body mass index and a shorter length of quadriceps. The setter has a lower hip flexion strength. The middle blocker has a higher ankle dorsiflexion ROM and lower hip exorotation strength. The outside hitter has a smaller Q-angle when standing, a higher ankle dorsiflexion ROM, a longer soleus length and a smaller hip flexion strength. Conclusions This study indicates that other factors may play in the development of PT depending on player position. However, the results in this study are preliminary and needs to be confirmed by future research.
Angiographic patterns of restenosis after paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation
Authors: Ioannis Iakovou, Thomas Schmidt, Lei Ge, Giuseppe M. Sangiorgi, Goran Stankovic, Flavio Airoldi, Alaide Chieffo, Matteo Montorfano, Mauro Carlino, Iassen Michev, Nicola Corvaja, John Cosgrave, Ulrich Gerckens, Eberhard Grube, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Targeted Disruption of Protein Kinase Cε Reduces Cell Invasion and Motility through Inactivation of RhoA and RhoC GTPases in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Quintin Pan, Li Wei Bao, Theodoros N. Teknos, Sofia D. Merajver
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Over 70% of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) present with locoregionally advanced stage III and IV disease. In spite of aggressive therapy, locoregional disease recurs in 60% and metastatic disease develops in 15% to 25% of patients causing a major decline in quality and length of life. Therefore, there is a need to identify and understand genes that are responsible for inducing an aggressive HNSCC phenotype. Evidence has shown that protein kinase C (PKC) ε is a transforming oncogene and may play a role in HNSCC progression. In this study, we determine the downstream signaling pathway mediated by PKCε to promote an aggressive HNSCC phenotype. RNA interference knockdown of PKCε in UMSCC11A and UMSCC36, two highly invasive and motile HNSCC cell lines with elevated endogenous PKCε levels, resulted in cells that were significantly less invasive and motile than the small interfering RNA–scrambled control transfectants; 51 ± 5% (P &amp;lt; 0.006) and 49 ± 3% (P &amp;lt; 0.010) inhibition in invasion and 69 ± 1% (P &amp;lt; 0.0005) and 66 ± 3% (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) inhibition in motility, respectively. PKCε-deficient UMSCC11A clones had reduced levels of active and serine-phosphorylated RhoA and RhoC. Moreover, constitutive active RhoA completely rescued the invasion and motility defect, whereas constitutive active RhoC completely rescued the invasion and partially rescued the motility defect of PKCε-deficient UMSCC11A clones. These results indicate that RhoA and RhoC are downstream of PKCε and critical for PKCε-mediated cell invasion and motility. Our study shows, for the first time, that PKCε is involved in a coordinated regulation of RhoA and RhoC activation, possibly through direct post-translational phosphorylation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(19): 9379-84)
Effects of anakinra on clinical and radiological outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: B Bresnihan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Interleukin 1 (IL1) plays a central part in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1,2 The IL1 gene family includes IL1α, IL1β, and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra). IL1α and IL1β are both agonist molecules. There are two distinct IL1 receptors, designated type I (IL1RI) and type II (IL1RII). IL1 binding to IL1RI results in signal transduction and cell activation. IL1Ra is the third member of the IL1 gene family. The agonistic effects of IL1 are partially blocked by the interaction between IL1Ra and IL1RI. When IL1Ra binds to IL1RI, it blocks the binding of IL1α and IL1β and inhibits signal transduction. Recombinant human IL1Ra, anakinra, has been approved for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

### Conventional response criteria

Five randomised, placebo controlled clinical trials of anakinra in RA have been completed (table 1). A total of 2932 patients were recruited. In four studies, the primary end points were related to clinical efficacy. The primary outcome measures in the fifth were related to safety. Both the European monotherapy and the methotrexate (MTX) combination therapy studies have been published.3,4 A treatment effect was not observed in the low dose monotherapy study. Radiographic analyses are being completed in the confirmatory efficacy study.

View this table:

 Table 1  
Randomised, placebo controlled trials of anakinra



In the European monotherapy study, the onset of action was early in the three treatment groups, and a clinical effect was seen as early as two weeks (fig 1). The clinical effect continued to increase throughout the study, and an American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20% response5 was observed in 43% of the 116 patients who were randomised to receive 150 mg/day anakinra, compared with 27% of the 121 patients who received placebo (p=0.014). Significant improvements were observed in each of the individual components of the ACR response in the patients who …
Allergen inhalation decreases adenosine receptor expression in sputum and blood of asthma patients
Authors: M. Versluis, M. Van Den Berge, W. Timens, B. Luijk, B. Rutgers, J.‐W. J. Lammers, D. S. Postma, M. N. Hylkema
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Adenosine is a signalling nucleoside that has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. Adenosine is produced in inflammatory environments and acts via adenosine receptors (A 1 R, A 2A R, A 2B R, and A 3 R) expressed by a wide variety of cells, resulting in pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory effects. Objective: To compare AR expression in asthma patients and healthy subjects, and to assess the effect of allergen challenge on AR expression of inflammatory cells and on cytokines in peripheral blood and sputum in asthma. Methods: Asthma patients underwent an allergen challenge, and blood and induced sputum samples were taken before and 24 h after allergen challenge to study inflammatory cells numbers, AR expression and cytokine production. Blood and sputum were investigated at one time point in healthy subjects. AR expression was measured by flow cytometry (blood) or on cytospins using immunocytochemistry (sputum). Cytokines (luminex, ELISA) and adenosine (HPLC) were measured in sputum supernatant. Results: The percentage of A 2B R expressing neutrophils in sputum was lower in asthma patients than in healthy subjects ( P = 0.016). Allergen challenge decreased A 1 R and A 2A R expression on neutrophils and A 1 R expression on T cells in peripheral blood (all P &lt; 0.05). Allergen challenge increased IL‐8 levels and eosinophil numbers ( P &lt; 0.05), whereas it decreased thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels and the percentage of A 1 R expressing macrophages in induced sputum ( P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Allergen challenge has a down‐regulatory effect on AR expression in asthma, suggesting a contribution of adenosine‐related effector mechanisms in the pathophysiology.
Phase II feasibility study of concurrent radiotherapy and gemcitabine in chemonaive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: long-term follow up data
Authors: P.M. Specenier, D. Van den Weyngaert, C. Van Laer, J. Weyler, J. Van den Brande, M.T. Huizing, J. Dyck, D. Schrijvers, J.B. Vermorken
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)
Model-Based Analyses to Compare Health and Economic Outcomes of Cancer Control: Inclusion of Disparities
Authors: S. J. Goldie, N. Daniels
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

Disease simulation models of the health and economic consequences of different prevention and treatment strategies can guide policy decisions about cancer control. However, models that also consider health disparities can identify strategies that improve both population health and its equitable distribution. We devised a typology of cancer disparities that considers types of inequalities among black, white, and Hispanic populations across different cancers and characteristics important for near-term policy discussions. We illustrated the typology in the specific example of cervical cancer using an existing disease simulation model calibrated to clinical, epidemiological, and cost data for the United States. We calculated average reduction in cancer incidence overall and for black, white, and Hispanic women under five different prevention strategies (Strategies A1, A2, A3, B, and C) and estimated average costs and life expectancy per woman, and the cost-effectiveness ratio for each strategy. Strategies that may provide greater aggregate health benefit than existing options may also exacerbate disparities. Combining human papillomavirus vaccination (Strategy A2) with current cervical cancer screening patterns (Strategy A1) resulted in an average reduction of 69% in cancer incidence overall but a 71.6% reduction for white women, 68.3% for black women, and 63.9% for Hispanic women. Other strategies targeting risk-based screening to racial and ethnic minorities reduced disparities among racial subgroups and resulted in more equitable distribution of benefits among subgroups (reduction in cervical cancer incidence, white vs Hispanic women, 69.7% vs 70.1%). Strategies that employ targeted risk-based screening and new screening algorithms, with or without vaccination (Strategies B and C), provide excellent value. The most effective strategy (Strategy C) had a cost-effectiveness ratio of $28 200 per year of life saved when compared with the same strategy without vaccination. We identify screening strategies for cervical cancer that provide greater aggregate health benefit than existing options, offer excellent cost-effectiveness, and have the biggest positive impact in worst-off groups. The typology proposed here may also be useful in research and policy decisions when trade-offs between fairness and cost-effectiveness are unavoidable.
SP0108 Patient Education to Adults with Rheumatic Diseases through the Internet: A Valuable Example
Authors: J. Ammerlaan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Self-management is an important part in the treatment of chronic conditions, such as rheumatism. Interventions to promote self-management behavior are not always used. One of the reasons is the lack of active involvement of the end user in the development process. Also a theoretical underpinning of the intervention itself is often missed. At the Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Rheumatology of the University Medical Center Utrecht, an online self-management training for adults with a rheumatic disease is being developed in close cooperation with the Dutch Arthritis Foundation. People with rheumatism, as patient partner, have a major role in development and research. As theoretical framework, the Medical Research Council [1] is used. An important element in this framework is a needs assessment among the end-users. For this, a qualitative research was recently conducted by Facebook and Concept Mapping. The next step is to build the training. After that, a feasibility and effectiveness study will follow. <h3>Learning experiences</h3> During this session, the participant will: – gain insights into the different steps we have taken; – learn more about the fundament of the online training; – gain awareness of the importance of involving the patient in development and research; – get a sneak preview of the new online training. <h3>Reference</h3> Craig P, Dieppe P, Macintyre S, Michie S, Nazareth N, Petticrew M. Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance. BMJ 2008;377:979-983. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6199
A phase II/III randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of rigosertib plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine alone in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: B.H. O'Neil, A.J. Scott, W.W. Ma, S.J. Cohen, D.L. Aisner, A.R. Menter, M.A. Tejani, J.K. Cho, J. Granfortuna, L. Coveler, O.O. Olowokure, J.C. Baranda, M. Cusnir, P. Phillip, J. Boles, R. Nazemzadeh, M. Rarick, D.J. Cohen, J. Radford, L. Fehrenbacher, R. Bajaj, V. Bathini, P. Fanta, J. Berlin, A.J. McRee, R. Maguire, F. Wilhelm, M. Maniar, A. Jimeno, C.L. Gomes, W.A. Messersmith
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Single-Agent Arsenic Trioxide in the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Long-Term Follow-Up Data
Authors: Vikram Mathews, Biju George, Ezhilarasi Chendamarai, Kavitha M. Lakshmi, Salamun Desire, Poonkuzhali Balasubramanian, Auro Viswabandya, Rajashekar Thirugnanam, Aby Abraham, Ramachandran Velayudhan Shaji, Alok Srivastava, Mammen Chandy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

PURPOSE We previously reported our results with a single-agent arsenic trioxide (ATO) -based regimen in newly diagnosed cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The concern remained about the long-term outcome of this well-tolerated regimen. We report our long-term follow-up data on the same cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1998 to December 2004, 72 patients with PML/RARalpha+ APL were enrolled. All patients were treated with a single-agent ATO regimen. Results Overall 62 (86.1%) achieved a hematologic remission (complete remission). After the initial report, an additional seven patients have relapsed for a total of 13 relapses. There were no additional toxicities to report on follow-up. At a median follow-up 60 months, the 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimate (+/- SE) of event-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival (OS) was 69% +/- 5.5%, 80% +/- 5.2%, and 74.2% +/- 5.2%, respectively. The OS in the good risk group as defined by us remains 100% over this period. CONCLUSION Single-agent ATO as used in this study in the management of newly diagnosed cases of APL is safe and is associated with durable responses. Results in the low-risk group are comparable to that reported with conventional therapy while additional interventions would probably be required in high-risk cases.
Effect of transfer factor on lymphocyte function in anergic patients
Authors: Charles H. Kirkpatrick, Robert R. Rich, Terrill K. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Dialyzable transfer factor, obtained from frozen-thawed peripheral blood leukocytes from a single donor, was given to five anergic patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Studies of immunological responses including delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, in vitro antigen-induced thymidine incorporation, and production of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) were conducted both before and after injection of transfer factor. Before transfer factor, none of the patients had delayed skin responses to any of the natural antigens studied. Their lymphocytes did not produce MIF after exposure to antigens in vitro and only one patient showed increased thymidine incorporation when his lymphocytes were cultured with candida and streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD). After injection of transfer factor, four patients developed delayed skin responses to antigens to which the donor was sensitive; no recipient reacted to an antigen to which the donor was nonreactive. Lymphocytes from recipients produced MIF when cultured with antigens that evoked positive delayed skin tests. Only one patient developed antigen-induced lymphocyte transformation and this response occurred only intermittently. Attempts to sensitize three of the patients with the contact allergen, chlorodinitrobenzene, both before and after transfer factor, were unsuccessful. The fifth patient, a 9-yr old boy with an immunologic profile similar to the Nezelof syndrome, did not become skin test-reactive or develop positive responses to the in vitro tests. These findings suggest that transfer factor acts on the immunocompetent cells that respond to antigens with lymphokine production, but has little, if any, effect on cells that respond to antigens by blastogenesis. The failure to sensitize the subjects with chlorodinitrobenzene illustrates the specificity of the immunologic effects of transfer factor, and implies that it does not function through nonspecific, adjuvant-like mechanisms. Failure of transfer factor to produce positive skin tests or MIF production in a patient with Nezelof's syndrome may be evidence that lymphokine-producing cells are thymus derived.
Postdialytic Rebound of Serum Phosphorus
Authors: Roberto Minutolo, Vincenzo Bellizzi, Mario Cioffi, Carmela Iodice, Paolo Giannattasio, Michele Andreucci, Vincenzo Terracciano, Biagio R. Di Iorio, Giuseppe Conte, Luca De Nicola
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

To gain insights into postdialytic rebound of serum phosphate (PDR-P), serum phosphate (P), calcium (Ca), and parathyroid hormone (PTH), levels were compared from the end of treatment (T0) to the subsequent 30 to 120 min and up to 68 hr in uremic patients who underwent with crossover modality a single session of two dialytic treatments characterized by different convective removal: standard hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration (HDF). In HDF, versus HD, P removal was greater (1171 +/- 90 versus 814 +/- 79 mg; P < 0.05) in the presence of similar predialytic P levels (6.0 +/- 0.2 and 5.9 +/- 0.4 mg/dl) and Kt/V (1.35 +/- 0.06 and 1.34 +/- 0.05); however, the serum P values at T0 did not differ (3.0 +/- 0.2 versus 3.3 +/- 0.2 mg/dl). In HDF, PDR-P was more rapid (30 min versus 90 min) and of a greater extent (at T120: +69 +/- 6% versus +31 +/- 4%; P < 0.0001). The higher P levels were maintained throughout the interdialytic period. Ca x P and PTH changed in parallel. Thereafter, patients were randomized to receive either HD or HDF for 3 mo. During this period, in the presence of similar Kt/V, protein intake, and dose of phospate binder, predialytic serum P levels diminished in HDF (from 5.8 +/- 0.2 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 mg/dl; P < 0.05), but they remained unchanged in HD. A similar pattern of changes was detected in Ca x P. Therefore, PDR-P is likely dependent on the mobilization of phosphate from a deep compartment induced by the intradialytic removal of this solute. Enhancement of convective removal acutely amplifies the entity of the phenomenon but allows a better control of Ca-P homeostasis in the medium term.
Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurement in Randomized Clinical Trials in Breast Cancer--Taking Stock
Authors: P. J. Goodwin, J. T. Black, L. J. Bordeleau, P. A. Ganz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

Measurement of health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) in randomized clinical trials in breast cancer has become common. In this review, we take stock of the contribution that HRQOL measurement in breast cancer clinical trials makes to clinical decision making regarding selection of optimal treatment. A series of MEDLINE searches was conducted to identify all randomized trials in breast cancer that included self-reported HRQOL or psychosocial outcomes. A total of 256 citations were identified that included HRQOL or psychosocial outcomes in breast cancer patients, and 66 of these involved randomized clinical trials of treatment. These 66 reports of breast cancer clinical trials of treatment are discussed in this review. Forty-six of the trials evaluated biomedical interventions, and 20 evaluated psychosocial interventions. Among the biomedical trials, eight trials evaluated HRQOL in primary management of breast cancer, seven trials evaluated HRQOL in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer patients, 20 trials involved metastatic breast cancer, eight trials involved symptom control/supportive care, and three trials evaluated different approaches to investigation or follow-up of breast cancer patients. Among the psychosocial trials, 13 trials evaluated HRQOL in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer patients, and their partners or spouses, six trials involved metastatic breast cancer, and one trial focused on symptom control. We found that the contribution of HRQOL measurement to clinical decision making depended on the clinical setting. In primary management of breast cancer, where medical outcomes of several treatment options are equivalent, HRQOL measurement provided added information for clinical decision making beyond that of traditional medical outcomes. In trials in the adjuvant setting, HRQOL measurement did not influence clinical decision making. In metastatic disease, HRQOL outcomes provided little information beyond that obtained from traditional medical outcomes, including toxicity. In the symptom control/supportive care setting, results of HRQOL questionnaires targeting specific symptoms (e.g., emesis) guided treatment decisions. In psychosocial intervention trials, psychosocial and/or HRQOL measurements often provided the only outcome information; therefore, selection of instruments that captured attributes likely to be altered by the intervention was essential. Until results of ongoing trials in breast cancer are available, caution is recommended in initiating new HRQOL studies unless treatment equivalency is expected, or unless the HRQOL questions target unique or specific issues that can only be addressed through patient self-report, including outcomes of psychosocial interventions.
The Effectiveness of Mass Communication to Change Public Behavior
Authors: Lorien C. Abroms, Edward W. Maibach
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2008)

This article provides an overview of the ways in which mass communication has been used—or can be used—to promote beneficial changes in behavior among members of populations. We use an ecological perspective to examine the ways in which mass media interventions can be used to influence public behavior both directly and indirectly. Mass media interventions that seek to influence people directly—by directly targeting the people burdened by the public health problem of concern and/or the people who influence them—have a long basis in public health history, and recent reviews have clarified our expectations about what can be expected from such approaches. Mass media interventions that seek to influence people indirectly—by creating beneficial changes in the places (or environments) in which people live and work—have equal if not greater potential to promote beneficial changes in population health behaviors, but these are currently less explored options. To have the greatest possible beneficial influence on public behavior with the public health resources available, we recommend that public health program planners assess their opportunities to use media to target both people and places in a manner that complements and extends other investments being made in population health enhancement.