tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SELECTED PHYSICAL, TECHNICAL AND MOTOR FITNESS VARIABLES ON THE PREDICTION OF POLE VAULTING PERFORMANCE OF MEN
Authors: S Ibrahim, A Kanniyan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

The trends in Athletic Performance, skilled techniques, standards and records has drastically transformed with elite athletes reaching levels which are mind blowing. This is the net result of new innovate track equipment, methods and scientific training and coaching. The inherent ability of individuals predominantly differs and has to be channelized for best results. The identification of potentials is combined responsibility of scientists and educationalists. The main purpose of the study was to find out certain performance variables that would contribute for the development of pole vaulting performance of men. Methods A total of 15 State elite Pole Vaulters were randomly selected as subjects for the study. The dependable variable was the performance of the subject in pole vault and the independent variable selected for the study were speed, height, weight, arm power, leg explosive power, hip flexibility, abdominal endurance, hand grip, effective hand grip and push-off. The Pearson product moment correlation was employed to determine the relationship between the criterion variable and the predictor variables. The multiple regression equation to predict the maximum vaulting height was developed with selected predictor variable. The level of significance was fixed 0.05. Results: The multiple regression analysis showed that the height of the hand grip, push-off and speed were strong predictors of maximum vaulting height. The results also showed that there are many influencing factors of hand grip on the pole like speed, strength, coordination, height of vaulter and the method of pole shift and plant. The push off and speed showed high degree of correlation with performance in pole vault. Conclusion: It was concluded that the speed, height of the hand grip on the pole and push off are very important predictors of reaching maximum height in the event.
Reduced nucleotide variability at an androgen-binding protein locus (Abpa) in house mice: evidence for positive natural selection
Authors: R. C. Karn, M. W. Nachman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

Previous work has shown that the gene for the alpha subunit of androgen-binding protein, Abpa, may be involved in premating isolation between different subspecies of the house mouse, Mus musculus. We investigated patterns of DNA sequence variation at Abpa within and between species of mice to test several predictions of a model of neutral molecular evolution. Intraspecific variation among 10 Mus musculus domesticus alleles was compared with divergence between M. m. domesticus and M. caroli for Abpa and two X-linked genes, Glra2 and Amg. No variation was observed at Abpa within M. m. domesticus. The ratio of polymorphism to divergence was significantly lower at Abpa than at Glra2 and Amg, despite the fact that all three genes experience similar rates of recombination. Interspecific comparisons among M. m. domesticus, Mus musculus musculus, Mus musculus castaneus, Mus spretus, Mus spicilegus, and Mus caroli revealed that the ratio of nonsynonymous substitutions to synonymous substitutions on a per-site basis (Ka/Ks) was generally greater than one. The combined observations of no variation at Abpa within M. m: domesticus and uniformly high Ka/Ks values between species suggest that positive directional selection has acted recently at this locus.
Thalidomide Alone or With Dexamethasone for Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Donna Weber, Kim Rankin, Maria Gavino, Kay Delasalle, Raymond Alexanian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

To evaluate the activity of thalidomide in patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma and of thalidomide-dexamethasone in patients with previously untreated symptomatic myeloma.Twenty-eight patients with previously untreated asymptomatic myeloma were treated with thalidomide 100 to 200 mg orally (PO) at bedtime (qhs) with serial increments of 50 to 100 mg at weekly intervals, as tolerated to a maximum of 600 mg PO qhs. Forty consecutive previously untreated patients with symptomatic myeloma were also treated as above (maximum dose 400 mg) and received dexamethasone 20 mg/m(2) for 4 days beginning on days 1, 9, and 17; the second and third cycles of repeated dexamethasone were begun on day 30. Both groups of patients were treated for at least 3 months.The response rate was 36% for patients treated with thalidomide alone and 72% for patients treated with thalidomide-dexamethasone, the latter including complete remission in 16% of patients. The median time to remission was 4.2 months with thalidomide alone and 0.7 months with thalidomide-dexamethasone. Grade 3 toxicity included infections (nine patients) and thrombotic/embolic events (seven patients). Five deaths have occurred as a result of multiple myeloma (two patients), infection (one patient), unknown cause (one patient), and a possible thromboembolic event (one patient).Thalidomide alone was effective in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma. The combination with dexamethasone induced a high frequency of response, rapid onset of remission, and low incidence of serious irreversible toxicity. These observations support further studies of this promising combination for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
A Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Inhibitor Enhances Antitumor Immunity through an Immune-Based Mechanism
Authors: Elizabeth A. Manning, John G.M. Ullman, James M. Leatherman, Justin M. Asquith, Timothy R. Hansen, Todd D. Armstrong, Daniel J. Hicklin, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Leisha A. Emens
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Given the complex tumor microenvironment, targeting multiple cellular components may be the most effective cancer treatment strategy. Therefore, we tested whether antiangiogenic and immune-based therapy might synergize by characterizing the activity of DC101, an antiangiogenic monoclonal antibody specific for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGF-R2), alone and with HER-2/neu (neu)–targeted vaccination. Experimental Design: Neu-expressing breast tumors were measured in treated nontolerant FVB mice and immune-tolerant neu transgenic (neu-N) mice. Neu-specific and tumor cell–specific immune responses were assessed by intracellular cytokine staining, ELISPOT, and CTL assays. Results: DC101 decreased angiogenesis and increased tumor cell apoptosis. Although DC101 increased serum levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine VEGF, no evidence of systemic immune inhibition was detected. Moreover, DC101 did not impede the influx of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In FVB mice, DC101 inhibited tumor growth in part through a T cell–dependent mechanism, resulting in both increased tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and tumor regression. Combining DC101 with neu-specific vaccination accelerated tumor regression, augmenting the lytic activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. In tolerant neu-N mice, DC101 only delayed tumor growth without inducing frank tumor regression or antigen-specific T-cell activation. Notably, mitigating immune tolerance by inhibiting regulatory T cell activity with cyclophosphamide revealed DC101-mediated augmentation of antitumor responses in vaccinated neu-N mice. Conclusions: This is the first report of DC101-induced antitumor immune responses. It establishes the induction of tumor-specific T-cell responses as one consequence of VEGF-R2 targeting with DC101. These data support the development of multitargeted cancer therapy combining immune-based and antiangiogenic agents for clinical translation.
Polyion complex micelles from plasmid DNA and poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(l-lysine) block copolymer as serum-tolerable polyplex system: physicochemical properties of micelles relevant to gene transfection efficiency
Authors: Keiji Itaka, Kyosuke Yamauchi, Atsushi Harada, Kozo Nakamura, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Anatomical distribution and immunological characteristics of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen and bullous pemphigoid antigen
Authors: M. FURUE, M. IWATA, K. TAMAKI, Y. ISHIBASHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Anatomical distribution and immunological characteristics of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen and bullous pemphigoid antigen Get access M. FURUE, M. FURUE Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Dr Masutaka Furue, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7‐3‐1, Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. IWATA, M. IWATA Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. TAMAKI, K. TAMAKI Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. ISHIBASHI Y. ISHIBASHI Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 6, 1 June 1986, Pages 651–659, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb04872.x Published: 01 June 1986 Article history Accepted: 05 December 1985 Published: 01 June 1986
Airway Pressure Release Ventilation Prevents Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury in Normal Lungs
Authors: Bryanna Emr, Louis A. Gatto, Shreyas Roy, Joshua Satalin, Auyon Ghosh, Kathy Snyder, Penny Andrews, Nader Habashi, William Marx, Lin Ge, Guirong Wang, David A. Dean, Yoram Vodovotz, Gary Nieman
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Up to 25% of patients with normal lungs develop acute lung injury (ALI) secondary to mechanical ventilation, with 60% to 80% progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Once established, ARDS is treated with mechanical ventilation that can paradoxically elevate mortality. A ventilation strategy that reduces the incidence of ARDS could change the clinical paradigm from treatment to prevention. <h3>Objectives</h3> To demonstrate that (1) mechanical ventilation with tidal volume (Vt) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings used routinely on surgery patients causes ALI/ARDS in normal rats and (2) preemptive application of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) blocks drivers of lung injury (ie, surfactant deactivation and alveolar edema) and prevents ARDS. <h3>Design, Setting, and Subjects</h3> Rats were anesthetized and tracheostomy was performed at State University of New York Upstate Medical University. Arterial and venous lines, a peritoneal catheter, and a rectal temperature probe were inserted. Animals were randomized into 3 groups and followed up for 6 hours: spontaneous breathing ventilation (SBV, n = 5), continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV, n = 6), and APRV (n = 5). Rats in the CMV group were ventilated with Vtof 10 cc/kg and PEEP of 0.5 cm H<sub>2</sub>O. Airway pressure release ventilation was set with a P<sub>High</sub>of 15 to 20 cm H<sub>2</sub>O; P<sub>Low</sub>was set at 0 cm H<sub>2</sub>O. Time at P<sub>High</sub>(T<sub>High</sub>) was 1.3 to 1.5 seconds and a T<sub>Low</sub>was set to terminate at 75% of the peak expiratory flow rate (0.11-0.14 seconds), creating a minimum 90% cycle time spent at P<sub>High</sub>. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lungs were harvested for histopathologic analysis at necropsy. <h3>Results</h3> Acute lung injury/ARDS developed in the CMV group (mean [SE] Pao<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>ratio, 242.96 [24.82]) and was prevented with preemptive APRV (mean [SE] Pao<sub>2</sub>/FIO<sub>2</sub>ratio, 478.00 [41.38];<i>P</i> &lt; .05). Airway pressure release ventilation also significantly reduced histopathologic changes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid total protein (endothelial permeability) and preserved surfactant proteins A and B concentrations as compared with the CMV group. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Continuous mandatory ventilation in normal rats for 6 hours with Vtand PEEP settings similar to those of surgery patients caused ALI. Preemptive application of APRV blocked early drivers of lung injury, preventing ARDS. Our data suggest that APRV applied early could reduce the incidence of ARDS in patients at risk.
Activation of the Signal Transducers and Activators of the Transcription 3 Pathway in Alveolar Epithelial Cells Induces Inflammation and Adenocarcinomas in Mouse Lung
Authors: Yuan Li, Hong Du, Yulin Qin, Jennifer Roberts, Oscar W. Cummings, Cong Yan
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The lung is an organ for host defense to clear up pathogens through innate and adaptive immunity. This process involves up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that lead to activation of the signal transducers and activators of the transcription 3 (Stat3) signaling pathway. Overexpression of Stat3C in alveolar type II epithelial cells of CCSP-rtTA/(tetO)7-Stat3C bitransgenic mice leads to severe pulmonary inflammation, including immune cell infiltration and up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the lung. As a consequence, spontaneous lung bronchoalveolar adenocarcinoma was observed in bitransgenic mice. Aberrantly expressed genes in the bitransgenic model were identified and served as biomarkers for human bronchoalveolar adenocarcinoma. During tumorigenesis, genes that are critical to epithelial cell proliferation in lung development were reactivated. Therefore, Stat3 is a potent proinflammatory molecule that directly causes spontaneous lung cancer in vivo. [Cancer Res 2007;67(18):8494–503]
Value of IgA anticardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibody testing in patients with pregnancy morbidity
Authors: S Carmo-Pereira
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

To study the prevalence of IgA antiphospholipid antibodies, particularly anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I (abeta(2)GPI), in a cohort of patients with pregnancy morbidity.Serum samples from four groups of patients were studied by an in house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Group I: 28 patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) (median age 32.5 years, range 25-34). Twelve patients had a history of thrombosis. All were positive for IgG/M aCL or lupus anticoagulant (LA), or both. Group II: 28 patients with unexplained pregnancy morbidity (median age 35 years, range 23-48). Seven had history of thrombosis. Nine patients were positive for IgG/M aCL. None from this group fulfilled Sapporo criteria for APS. Group III: 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (median age 34 years, range 25-52). Eleven had a history of thrombosis. Twenty one patients had IgG/M aCL and/or LA, but only 19 fulfilled Sapporo criteria for APS.IgA aCL were found in 12, 6, and 14 patients from the groups with PAPS, unexplained pregnancy morbidity, and SLE, respectively. Most patients had these antibodies together with IgG/IgM aCL. Three patients from the group with unexplained pregnancy morbidity and two with SLE had IgA aCL alone. IgA abeta(2)GPI was present in one patient from each group. All IgA abeta(2)GPI were present together with IgG and/or IgM abeta(2)GPI.The prevalence of IgA aCL is high in patients with pregnancy morbidity, although IgA aCL are usually present together with IgG and/or IgM aCL. IgA abeta(2)GPI are not useful in identifying additional women with APS and pregnancy morbidity.
THE ROLE OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE PSYCHIATRIST IN INTENSIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY IN A MENTAL HOSPITAL
Authors: J. MARTIN MYERS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

1. Intensive psychotherapy can be integrated into the therapeutic armamentarium of a general psychiatric hospital which is not committed to a specific treatment method. 2. The utilization of a second psychiatrist is necessary. This psychiatrist is the administrator, the coordinator, and the reality-interpreter. 3. He must be flexible, experienced, good at communication, and constantly scrutinizing his own attitudes toward the patient and the others involved.
T-cell Engager-armed Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Significantly Enhances Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Feng Yu, Xingbing Wang, Z Sheng Guo, David L Bartlett, Stephen M Gottschalk, Xiao-Tong Song
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV) therapy has shown promise in preclinical models and in clinical studies. However, complete responses have rarely been observed. This lack of efficacy is most likely due to suboptimal virus spread through the tumor resulting in limited tumor cell destruction. We reasoned that redirecting T cells to the tumor has the potential to improve the antitumor activity of oncolytic VVs. We, therefore, constructed a VV encoding a secretory bispecific T-cell engager consisting of two single- chain variable fragments specific for CD3 and the tumor cell surface antigen EphA2 (EphA2-T-cell engager-armed VV (EphA2-TEA-VV)). In vitro, EphA2-TEA-VV's ability to replicate and induce oncolysis was similar to that of unmodified virus. However, only tumor cells infected with EphA2-TEA-VV induced T-cell activation as judged by the secretion of interferon-γ and interleukin-2. In coculture assays, EphA2-TEA-VV not only killed infected tumor cells, but in the presence of T cells, it also induced bystander killing of noninfected tumor cells. In vivo, EphA2-TEA-VV plus T cells had potent antitumor activity in comparison with control VV plus T cells in a lung cancer xenograft model. Thus, arming oncolytic VVs with T-cell engagers may represent a promising approach to improve oncolytic virus therapy.
In vitro generation of cytotoxic cells specific for human minor histocompatibility antigens by lymphocytes from a normal donor potentially primed during pregnancy.
Authors: W A Tekolf, S Shaw
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

A normal female donor (H9) is described, whose cells generate strong cytotoxicity against a human minor histocompatibility antigen in vitro. These cytotoxic T lymphocytes are generated after secondary restimulation with cells from an HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR-matched donor and are HLA restricted (HLA-B7). No other donor could be identified whose cells responded to this antigen. The two children of donor H9 are virtually HLA identical to her and one of the children expresses the relevant minor histocompatibility antigen. These data suggest that priming in vivo during pregnancy has facilitated cytotoxic T cell response to human minor histocompatibility antigens in vitro.
Rhythmic variations in pain, stiffness, and manual dexterity in hand osteoarthritis
Authors: N Bellamy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To explore circadian variation in pain, stiffness, and manual dexterity in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA).Twenty one patients with hand OA, as defined by ACR criteria (17 women, four men, mean age 62.2 years, range 52-74 years) self rated pain and stiffness on separate 10 cm horizontal visual analogue scales and performed bead intubation coordinometry (BIC) six times each day (on waking up, at bedtime, and every four hours in between) for 10 consecutive days. Each series (using data with the trend removed if there was a significant trend) was analysed for circadian rhythmicity by a cosine vector technique (single cosinor). With individual data expressed as the percentage of the mean, group rhythm characteristics at period 24 hours were summarised for each variable by population mean cosinor analysis.Individual analyses identified significant circadian rhythms at p<or=0.05 for pain (n=15/21), stiffness (n=16/20), and dexterity (n=18/21), and a significant circadian rhythm on a group basis was identified for pain (p=0.013), stiffness (p<0.001), and dexterity (p<0.001). Pain was least at 1610 and stiffness at 1618. Peak dexterity occurred in mid-afternoon at 1548 and occurred within the 95% confidence interval of least pain (1312-1800) and stiffness (1520-1732).Dexterity was influenced by the patient's level of pain or stiffness, which changed systematically throughout the day. Similar results have been previously reported in 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis where peak dexterity occurred at 1544 and at 1528 in 14 age and sex matched healthy controls. The predictability of rhythmic variation in pain, stiffness, and dexterity has implications for scheduling activities of daily living and for timing antirheumatic drug treatment.
Anemia as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Elevated Serum Creatinine
Authors: Alexander M. Walker, Gary Schneider, Jason Yeaw, Beth Nordstrom, Sean Robbins, Daniel Pettitt
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Patients with anemia and patients with chronic kidney disease have elevated risks for cardiovascular disease. Available studies have been too small to provide details about the relationship or to provide for extensive covariate control. In a large insurance database with linked laboratory values, records of women with serum creatinine >1.2 mg/dl and men with serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dl, identified from July 2000 through June 2003, were sought, and the insurance claims searches for hospitalizations that were associated with myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, unstable angina, stroke, or congestive heart failure. New onset of dialysis also was sought. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to estimate rate ratios for these events at various hemoglobin (Hb) levels, with adjustment for patient characteristics and previous event history. Among 88,657 patients with high serum creatinine, the risk for hospitalization with myocardial infarction was two to five times higher in anemic (Hb <12 g/dl) patients than in people with Hb from 12.0 to 12.9 g/dl. A similar but less dramatic pattern of higher incidence of coronary revascularization was observed with lower Hb levels. Risks for hospitalization with congestive heart failure declined regularly with increasing Hb levels from a doubling of risk at Hb <10 g/dl to a 61% decrease at 15 g/dl, both relative to 12.0 to 12.9 g/dl. The risk for progression to dialysis was only slightly elevated (7 to 34%) in anemic patients. Anemia raises the risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with elevated serum creatinine.
Hetero-Domain Interactions as a Mechanism for the Regulation of Connexin Channels
Authors: Kathleen Stergiopoulos, José Luis Alvarado, Marta Mastroianni, José F. Ek-Vitorin, Steven M. Taffet, Mario Delmar
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Previous studies have shown that chemical regulation of connexin43 (Cx43) depends on the presence of the carboxyl terminal (CT) domain. A particle-receptor (or "ball-and-chain") model has been proposed to explain the mechanism of gating. We tested whether the CT region behaved as a functional domain for other members of the connexin family. The pH sensitivity of wild-type and Ct-truncated connexins was quantified by use of electrophysiological and optical techniques and the Xenopus oocyte system. The CT domain of Cx45 had no role in pH regulation, although a partial role was shown for Cx37 and Cx50. A prominent effect was observed for Cx40 and Cx43. In addition, we found that the CT domain of Cx40 that was expressed as a separate fragment rescued the pH sensitivity of the truncated Cx40 (Cx40tr), which was in agreement with a particle-receptor model. Because Cx40 and Cx43 often colocalize and possibly heteromerize, we tested the pH sensitivity of Cx40tr when coexpressed with the CT domain of Cx43 (hetero-domain interactions). We found that the CT domain of Cx43 enhanced the pH sensitivity of Cx40tr; similarly, the CT domain of Cx40 restored the pH sensitivity of the truncated Cx43. In addition, the CT domain of Cx43 granted insulin sensitivity to the otherwise insulin-insensitive Cx26 or Cx32 channels. These data show that the particle-receptor model is preserved in Cx40 and the regulatory domain of one connexin can specifically interact with a channel formed by another connexin. Hetero-domain interactions could be critical for the regulation of heteromeric channels.