tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of exogenous nitric oxide on smooth muscle cell proliferation following porcine carotid angioplasty
Authors: P. H. Groves, A. P. Banning, W. J. Penny, A. C. Newby, H. A. Cheadle, M. J. Lewis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Nitric oxide reduces platelet adhesion and platelet-thrombus formation following angioplasty and inhibits smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in vitro. In this study we investigated the effects of the nitric oxide donor molsidomine on SMC proliferation and intimal growth following experimental angioplasty.Bilateral carotid angioplasty was performed in 24 anesthetized pigs. Animals were randomized to receive oral molsidomine (whose active metabolite is SIN-1; 0.3 mg/kg every 8 h; n = 12) or placebo (n = 12) for 48 h before angioplasty and until the arteries were removed either 7 or 21 days (n = 12 each group) later. SMC proliferation was quantified by immunocytochemical staining with an antibody to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and morphometric changes by computerized planimetry. SMC's were identified by alpha-actin staining.After 3 weeks treatment with molsidomine there was a significant prolongation in bleeding time [mean +/- SEM] (151 +/- 6 to 187 +/- 7 s. P < 0.01) and a sustained increase in arterial wall cyclic GMP (6.57 +/- 1.29 to 13.24 +/- 1.02 pmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). Molsidomine significantly reduced intimal proliferation when compared with placebo in arteries with an intact internal elastic lamina at 7 days (4.3 +/- 0.7 vs. 9.6 +/- 1.9 PCNA index, P < 0.005) and medial proliferation at 7 days (2.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.7 PCNA index, P < 0.05) and at 21 days (1.3 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.2 PCNA index, P < 0.05) after angioplasty. In arteries with rupture of the internal elastic lamina, intimal and medial SMC proliferation were similar in molsidomine- and placebo-treated animals. Intimal cell number and intimal area were uninfluenced by treatment with molsidomine in either the presence or absence of rupture of the internal elastic lamina.These results show for the first time that exogenous nitric oxide inhibits SMC proliferation following balloon angioplasty in vivo. The antiproliferative effects of nitric oxide are overwhelmed when injury is severe and are not associated with a reduction in intimal thickening. The inhibitory effects of nitric oxide on platelet adhesion and SMC proliferation identify a possible role for high local concentrations of nitric oxide to modify the vascular response to balloon angioplasty.
Letter: Diphenylhydantoin and blood dyscrasias
Authors: S. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We are writing in regard to the article entitled "Pure RBC Aplasia and Diphenylhydantoin" by Jeong et al (229:314, 1974). We are not convinced that the authors presented sufficient evidence to incriminate diphenylhydantoin as the causative agent in their two cases of erythroid aplasia, and agree with their statement that such factors as viral hepatitis, genetic susceptibility, other drugs, and undetermined factors may have been responsible for the development of this blood dyscrasia. Complete recovery of their patients following the withdrawal of diphenylhydantoin cannot be considered a valid basis for assigning a causative role to this drug, because treatment with steroids was initiated either before or concomitant with the cessation of diphenylhydantoin therapy. Moreover, since so far as we know there had been previously only one reported instance of erythroid aplasia due to diphenylhydantoin,<sup>1</sup>we think it quite remarkable that Jeong and associates observed two such
Schistosoma Mansoni Colitis in AIDS Ga-67 Scintigraphic Findings
Authors: B. CHANDRAMOULY, G. RABIN, F. SCHIANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Patients with AIDS have a significant number of gastrointestinal infections caused by a variety of opportunistic organisms. The detection of such Infections significantly decreases the morbidity and/or mortality in these patients. The authors report a patient with persistent colonic activity on Ga-67 scintigraphy, that was proven to be Schistosoma Mansoni colitis.
Paget's Disease in a Five-year-old
Authors: P. Jacobs
Journal: BMJ (1972)

RImTISTH bMEiCL, joRuAL 9 DECEMBER 1972 doctor's discretion if it is thought the patient cannot meet the fees.We believe that locally approximately one- third of patients fit into this category and that this proportion is rising.Moreover, some local authorities, including Teesside, Camberwell, and shortly the West Riding of Yorkshire, will pay the F.P.A. a fee for all patients seen, no charges being passed on to patients.This fee varies, and at present ranges up to £5 per year per patient.Several points arise from this:(1) If we as general practitioners were to offer free a full contraceptive service to the needy third (or needy 100% depending on location) of our patients, would the same local authorities be prepared to continue the same terms of remuneration?Compared with this our other capitation fee of £1-45 per year for every aspect of medical care would be a mere pittance.
Modulation of inactivation by mutation N588K in KCNH2: A link to arrhythmogenesis in short QT syndrome
Authors: J CORDEIRO, R BRUGADA, Y WU, K HONG, R DUMAINE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Short QT syndrome (SQTS) is characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. One form of SQTS is caused by mutation N588K in human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG). In this study we sought to determine the potential role of N588K in arrhythmias.We measured the characteristics of HERG current generated by wild-type (WT) KCNH2 and the N588K mutant channel expressed in mammalian TSA201 cells.Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of WT HERG currents showed the usual rapid onset of inactivation (rectification) at potentials more positive than +10 mV. In contrast, N588K currents rectified at potentials over +80 mV. Over the physiological range of potentials, N588K currents do not inactivate. During an action potential clamp, WT currents displayed a "hump" like waveform with slow activation kinetics and a rapid increase during phase 3 repolarization. In contrast, N588K currents were proportional to the amplitude of the action potential and displayed a dome-like configuration and a much larger current during the initial phases in the ventricle. Purkinje cell action potentials display a more negative phase 2 repolarization than the ventricle and elicited much smaller WT and N588K currents of similar amplitudes.Physiologically the N588K mutation abolishes rectification of HERG currents and specifically increases I(Kr) in the ventricle with minimal effects on the Purkinje fiber action potential duration. Such preferential prolongation may explain the separation of the T and U waves observed in the ECG of SQTS patients and lead to re-excitation of the ventricle endocardium.
Oregon's residents to vote on universal health care
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The US state of Oregon is moving closer to providing an all expenses paid, “universal” healthcare coverage for all its residents. Residents are due to vote on the issue—known both as “Measure 23” and “Health Care for All”—during the elections on 5 November.

The measure is controversial, however, as it would be financed largely by increases in payroll and personal income taxes. If the law is passed, Oregon would become the first state in the United States to grant its citizens comprehensive health care (what Americans call “socialised medicine”).

Currently, about 423 000 of Oregon's 3.3 million people lack health insurance, and about 70 000 of these are children. Nationally, 41 million (of 270.3 million) Americans are uninsured. The United States spends $4700 (£3000; £4760) per capita a year on health care yet is …
Technique to Improve the Rate of Healing of Incised Abscesses
Authors: I. C. Ritchie
Journal: BMJ (1972)

In a comparative investigation incised skin abscesses were treated by either introducing sterile fusidic acid gel into the cavity on one occasion only or applying daily superficial dressings impregnated with sodium fusidate ointment. In comparison with the dressing group, the intracavity use of fusidic acid gel reduced the mean healing time of incised abscesses by approximately one-half. When abscesses were analysed according to site and size, the reduction in mean healing time was equally striking. No hypersentisivity or irritation to fusidic acid or its sodium salt applied by either method was observed. The procedure of introducing fusidic acid gel into an incised abscess cavity is a promising alternative to superficial antibiotic dressings or wicks in the treatment of incised abscesses.
Critiquing US Health Care
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
39. Evaluation of rAAV-1 vs rAAV-8 Vectors and Their Mode of Delivery in Nonhuman Primate Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Alice Toromanoff, Yan Cherel, Jack-Yves Deschamps, Valder R. Arruda, Katherine A. High, Hansell H. Stedman, Mark E. Haskins, Fabienne Rolling, Ignacio Anegon, Philippe Moullier, Caroline Le Guiner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

AAV serotype and mode of delivery impact on gene transfer efficiency, immunological outcome, and clinical efficacy. Several groups recently described a drug-free limb perfusion technique in the dog, which allows the transduction of the entire limb using rAAV vectors.
ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION AGAINST POLIOMYELITIS IN MONKEYS
Authors: Maurice Brodie, Alton Goldbloom
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

1. A combination of poliomyelitis virus and specific human serum is effective for the production of active immunity. 2. For each gram of active virus given intradermally as an emulsion, 6 cc. of human immune serum, injected subcutaneously, was required in our experiments to protect a monkey from paralysis. Some degree of active immunity was induced. 3. Immunity, without symptom of the disease, was secured when the serum was given at the time of inoculation, or within 3 days preceding or following inoculation of the virus. 4. For the production of immunity, virus, preceded by serum administration, is probably less effective than when it is given simultaneously with, or before, the injection of serum. 5. The virus neutralization test is more sensitive than the direct intracerebral test for determining the production of immunity.
Inappropriate Ventilation and Hypoxemia as Causes of Cardiac Arrhythmias—The Control of Arrhythmias Without Antiarrhythmic Drugs.
Authors: Stephen M. Ayres
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Inappropriate Ventilation and Hypoxemia as Causes of Cardiac Arrhythmias—The Control of Arrhythmias Without Antiarrhythmic Drugs.Stephen M. Ayres, M.D., F.A.C.P., William J. Grace, M.D., F.A.C.P., Bruce H. Pinkernell, M.D., Stanley Giannelli Jr., M.D.Stephen M. Ayres, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, William J. Grace, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Bruce H. Pinkernell, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Stanley Giannelli Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1073_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAbnormalities in arterial oxygen tension (PO2) and carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) are extremely common in critically ill patients and may lead to serious atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Routine analysis of arterial PO2, PCO2, and pH in patients admitted to an intensive care unit revealed that only 8% of more than 4,000 studies were completely normal. Mild to moderate hypoxemia was present in 23%, severe hypoxemia (PO2below 50 mm Hg) in 17%, and respiratory alkalosis in 47%. From a larger group of patients with cardiac arrhythmias and abnormal gas tensions, nine were selected for special study. All had serious arrhythmias,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Stephen M. Ayres, M.D., F.A.C.P.; William J. Grace, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Bruce H. Pinkernell, M.D.; Stanley GiannelliJr., M.D.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1073-1073KeywordsArrhythmiaCarbon dioxideDrug regulationDrugsHypoxiaIntensive care unitsOxygenPartial pressure of carbon dioxidePartial pressure of oxygen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical Application of Gastric Cytology
Authors: Robert E. Crozier, Margaret Middleton, John R. Ross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

IN the last ten years, much interest has been shown in gastric cytology as a useful clinical aid. This procedure is not new, however: a number of German investigators1 at the turn of this century reported good results utilizing a technic devised by Ehrlich. Direct examination of unstained and unfixed gastricaspiration material was made. One investigator2 obtained an accuracy of 86 per cent in 37 patients with gastric cancers. With the advent of diagnostic roentgenology and endoscopy in the succeeding decades, this technic of cell diagnosis fell into disuse. Papanicolaou,3 in 1946, revived interest in the field of gastric cytology . . .
Meta-analyses: what is heterogeneity?
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Researchers undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of multifactorial assessment and intervention programmes in preventing falls and injuries among older people. Randomised or quasi-randomised trials that evaluated interventions to prevent falls and injuries were included. The intervention had to be delivered to individual patients, not at a community or population level. It also had to be service based in an emergency department, primary care, or the community. Control groups could receive standard care or no fall prevention. The outcomes included the number of fallers and fall related injuries.1 In total 19 trials were identified. Of these, eight reported fall related injuries. When combined across trials, the risk for fall related injuries was reduced after the intervention compared with the control, but not significantly (relative risk 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.20). Tests of statistical heterogeneity for the meta-analysis of fall related injuries gave the following results: χ2=15.77, degrees of freedom=7, P=0.03 (Cochran's Q test), I2=55.6% (Higgins's I2 test statistic). Subgroup analyses using a test of interaction based on Cochran's Q test were subsequently performed. The resulting P values were: P=0.75 for site of delivery (hospital v community); P=0.75 for whether a doctor was included in the team (yes v no); and P=0.52 for whether trial participants had been selected because they were at high risk of falls (yes v no). The study concluded that there was limited evidence that multifactorial fall prevention programmes in primary care, community, or emergency care settings were effective in reducing the number of fallers or fall related injuries. Which of the following statements, if any, are true for the meta-analysis of fall related injuries?
Introduction to Forensic Toxicology
Authors: William Q. Sturner
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In the preface to this text, the authors indicate their desire that the book be used as "an overview of the science and profession of forensic toxicology" as well as "an instructional tool." It has fulfilled this purpose, both in content and through its three basic divisions: the principles of forensic toxicology, which presents fundamental information; the practice of forensic toxicology, covering the day-to-day details of this work, including medicolegal systems in which it is used; and circumstances in which the toxicologist performs away from his laboratory, such as in the courtroom as an expert witness. The latter unit is especially attractive, with additional sections covering the practice in a private laboratory and special chapters on the training as well as professional organizations in forensic toxicology. Discussions of the coroner versus the medial examiner system, investigation of cases from a toxicological point of view, and most important, the collection and
The Potential Role of ln-111 White Blood Cell Scans in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Michael S. Kipper, Richard J. Williams
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

In many institutions, the use of ln-111 white blood cell (WBC) scans have become routine for abscess detection. Its use for the detection of bone and joint inflammation, renal disease, and myocardial infarction has also been reported. Two patients are presented whose ln-111 studies were of major clinical value in the management of their inflammatory bowel disease. In one, the diagnosis was suggested and, in the second, the extent of disease was defined. The potential role of ln-111 WBC imaging in inflammatory bowel disease—for diagnosis, staging, and monitoring response to therapy—are discussed. Possible pitfalls as well as a comprehensive prospective study are suggested.
RELIEF OF HYPERTENSIVE HEADACHE BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF THIOCYANATE
Authors: Hubert Saint-Pierre
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Headache is the commonest and often the only symptom of hypertensive disease. It occurs in about 50% of patients. The distress it causes is sometimes unbearable, and the common analgesics are frequently ineffective in its relief.  Thiocyanate has long been used in the symptomatic treatment of hypertension. Because of its severe toxic effects at high serum concentration, however, periodically it lapsed into disuse until Barker 1 introduced as a safeguard the technique of routine measurement of serum thiocyanate concentration. He noted relief of headache in 76% of his patients; similar incidences (from 50 to 88%) of relief have been observed by others (Kurtz, Shapiro and Mills, 2 Fanson, Kinsey and Palmer, 3 Blumenthal and Wetherby, 4 Watkinson and Evans, 5 Alstad, 6 Fischman and Fischmann, 7 Aas and Thingstad, 8 and Thomas 9 ). Hypertensive headache is now recognized (Page and Corcoran 10 ) as the major indication for treatment with thiocyanate.
Old drugs for new bugs
Authors: S. Pitlik
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Recent reports have lent support to the potential use of previous generation antibacterial drugs to treat infections caused by new resistant bacteria. The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report recently described two isolates from the United States of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration≥32 μg/ml, both of which were found to be sensitive in vitro to co-trimoxazole as well as to other older antimicrobials. 1 2 Co-trimoxazole was successfully used to treat one of these patients.1 Unpublished data from our institution and elsewhere3 show that in the last 15 years isolates of methicillin resistant S aureus (MRSA) have progressively, and by now almost universally, become susceptible to co-trimoxazole. Preliminary data indicate that this drug can be used as an alternative to vancomycin to treat infections due to …
Endoscopic biliary stenting successfully managed mucus obstructive jaundice in intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma
Authors: Y. Hashimoto, H. Ose, O. Ogawa, H. Yoshikumi, N. Maruoka, M. Yoshiba
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas is a relatively slow progressive disease. Of all the complications of IPMT, biliary tract obstruction is a life-threatening condition that develops to acute cholangitis and sepsis [1]. Some reports have mentioned the fistulae formation between pancreatic duct and biliary tract, stomach, duodenum, and colon [2]. Endoscopic management of fistulae and jaundice has been reported to be inferior to surgical biliary bypass [3]. However, we report on a case of a pancreato-biliary-duodenum fistula caused by intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) and successful endoscopic biliary stenting to facilitate biliary drainage.
Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Frederick L. Ferris
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>SELECTED CASE</h3> A GENERALLY healthy 30-year-old man, with insulin-dependent diabetes of 20 years' duration, was referred to the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md, for evaluation and treatment of his diabetic retinopathy. The patient was in apparently good ocular health until several weeks before the evaluation when he noted some blurring of vision in both eyes. Diabetic retinopathy was noted by his ophthalmologist, and he was referred to the National Institutes of Health. On initial evaluation, his visual acuity was 20/30 in both eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed only minor cortical lens opacities in each eye. The intraocular pressures measured with a Goldmann's applanation tonometer were 18 mm Hg bilaterally. He had extensive proliferative diabetic retinopathy in both eyes with large neovascular fronds arising from both optic discs. There was also some thickening of the retina in the macular region of each eye. Figure 1 shows two frames of
Pericardial Friction
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Pericardial rubs are generally regarded as "to-and-fro," biphasic phenomena. In a search for finer auscultatory discrimination, 50 consecutive patients were studied at the time pericarditis was discovered by three auscultators who were unanimous in 44 cases; phonocardiograms taken for teaching interest in this group confirmed the bedside findings. In each of six cases in which one or more observers dissented, phonocardiograms disclosed the phasic timing of rub components. Only a quarter (24 per cent) of the rubs were "to-and-fro" and of several biphasic patterns. Fifty-eight per cent were triphasic, occurring in atrial systole, ventricular systole and protodiastole. Nine (18 per cent) were monophasic. Eleven rubs were palpable. Forty-seven were best heard adjacent to the left mid-sternal border. One third each were heard better in inspiration or expiration, and one third equally well in both respiratory phases. Biphasic ("to-and-fro") pericardial friction appears to be the exception, and triphasic rubs the rule. Monophasic rubs are almost as frequent as biphasic rubs.