tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemosensitivity Patterns and Expression of Human Multidrug Resistance-Associated MDR1 Gene by Human Gastric and Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: J.-G. Park, B. S. Kramer, S.-L. Lai, L. J. Goldstein, A. F. Gazdar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

We compared the in vitro sensitivity patterns to cytotoxic drugs and expression of the multidrug resistance-associated MDR1 gene (also known as PGY1 gene) in four gastric carcinoma cell lines with those obtained in a panel of 11 colorectal carcinoma cell lines. In addition, we tested the effects of leucovorin on enhancement of fluorinated pyrimidine-induced cytotoxicity. We used a semiautomated tetrazolium dye assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (tetrazolyl blue)] (MTT) to compare the drug sensitivity of the gastric carcinoma cell lines with that of the colorectal carcinoma cell lines. The gastric carcinoma cell lines were more sensitive to some drugs, including doxorubicin and cisplatin, but not to the fluorinated pyrimidines. Addition of leucovorin at a clinically achievable concentration enhanced the cytotoxic effects of both fluorouracil and floxuridine in colorectal carcinoma cell lines, but it enhanced the effects of only floxuridine in gastric carcinoma cell lines. With the use of a slot blot assay, relatively low levels of MDR1 RNA were present in all four gastric carcinoma cell lines, while intermediate or high levels were present in most of the colorectal carcinoma cell lines. In general, our findings reflect clinical experience and may help in the design of clinical trials.
OVER FIVE HUNDRED GALLONS OF FLUID FROM AN OVARIAN TUMOUR
Authors: J. D. Malcolm, G. A. Gibb
Journal: BMJ (1921)

FLUD FROM OVARIR tUMOUR.t 63T(1) Pancreatic Function: Loewi's adrenaline mydriasis test, * egative; diastase in blood plasma, 6.7 units (normal); diastase in urine, 20 units (normal); creatorrhoea, nil l steatorrhoes, ni- bulk and generai ; $f/E72# G.Wier( rnOt, appearance of voIrPCtO/Vrtr e r %woo -VC0 F3cc faeces,normal.
Identification of Gulf War Syndrome: Methodological Issues and Medical Illnesses
Authors: F. Stephen Wignall
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the 3-part study of a reserve naval mobile construction battalion by Dr Haley et al,<sup>1-8</sup>the hypothesis that wartime exposure to combinations of chemical agents caused neurologic injury among Gulf War veterans cannot be supported because of methodological limitations and the need for further clarification and analysis. The possibility of both selection and recall bias is an underlying limitation of all 3 studies because the initial population survey,<sup>1</sup>which categorized 63 veterans into 6 syndromes by factor analysis, relied on selfreported symptoms provided by a minority of eligible participants. Further analysis of potential biases is needed, including the reasons provided for nonparticipation.<sup>1</sup>In addition, the case definition of unexplained illnesses developed for the Department of Defense in 1994 does not provide a basis for comparison of the postulated syndromes.<sup>1</sup>This working definition was developed from the most common self-reported symptoms of a unique population (self-referred clinic
Relationship of Progesterone-Receptor Positivity in Malignant Breast Tumors to Reproductive Status of Women at Tumor Initiation--Results From Patients With Possible Radiation-Induced Tumors
Authors: H. OLSSON, H. SIGURDSSON, A. BORG, M. FERNO
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Relationship of Progesterone-Receptor Positivity in Malignant Breast Tumors to Reproductive Status of Women at Tumor Initiation—Results From Patients With Possible Radiation-Induced Tumors Get access H. OLSSON, H. OLSSON Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund S-221 85, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. SIGURDSSON, H. SIGURDSSON Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund S-221 85, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Å. BORG, Å. BORG Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund S-221 85, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. FERNÖ M. FERNÖ Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund S-221 85, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 6, 21 March 1990, Pages 529–531, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.6.529 Published: 21 March 1990
Old Picture Needed
Authors: J. MarDock
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  An ancestor of mine, named Confucius, said many years ago that one picture is worth 10,000 words.  General Patton, my commanding general in World War II when I was a P-38 reconnaissance pilot, said that one look is worth a hundred reports.  This all came to mind recently when my wife's Uncle Rufus had a suspicious shadow on his chest x-ray film. Not disregarding the clinical data that Uncle Rufus had smoked for 50 years and had a severe cough, the diagnosis of this chest mass was still in doubt.  The chest roentgenogram was taken by our local radiologist, who sent a report that it was normal. When I saw the film before I received the report, I thought the patient had a lung tumor.  I showed the film to another radiologist, and he said that the patient had a mass in the lung. Another radiologist said
"THE CHRONIC ABDOMEN"
Authors: Theodore Diller
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —The editorial comment on  Chronic Abdomen, June 16, in which you take up and expand on the word of Dr. Robert Hutchison, is one which points out many lessons.  Nature abhors a vacuum. And in the human mind there is a general protest against being ignored, against obscurity. The most obscure and unimportant individual at once comes to the center of the stage by invalidism. His invalidism attracts far more attention if it is surgical in character. In other words, the more dramatic the illness, the greater the attention.  Then there is the deepset feeling in the minds of some people that there must be a definite and concrete cause for disease. This need is supplied by the osteopath and chiropractor and like cults. The patient is ill, and the cultist finds the exact palpable cause and he removes it. And, alas, too many orthodox surgeons,
The Greatest Battle
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This book illustrates the way hyperbole is used in advocacy journalism. Ronald J. Glasser, a Minnesota pediatrician, expounds his concerns about damage to our health caused by radiation, carcinogens, pollution, misused medicines, inept physicians, greedy industrialists, and immoral politicians. Victims are guiltless, helpless, and easily deceived. Their cunning and wealthy oppressors seem doggedly destructive even when there is no profit in it. This familiar genre is never persuasive, because it is absurdly simplistic and far too strident. The thoughtful reader, who may be wholly in agreement with Glasser on the substantial issues, becomes more irritated and unheeding with each of the author's unsubstantiated implications, overdramatizations, and naive accusations. Debate becomes a facade; the background and the balancing arguments are never analyzed. From recent medical history, Dr Glasser reviews well-publicized misuses of x-ray machines, anticoagulant drugs, thalidomide, and dilantin. He shows that the greed, stupidity, and sloth of many physicians have
Dr Mom-Reply
Authors: Margaret Levy
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  I have received about 50 letters from women across the country in response to my essay. Most have been sympathetic and supportive, a few have been as angry and disparaging as the letters you have chosen to print. I had no idea that my genuine expression of feelings could arouse such controversy! To those women, like Drs Katz and Mikell, who seem to have fared better than I, my hat is off to you—your success speaks for itself.  Generally, the responses I have received can be divided into two groups. The first is composed of women just starting out in their careers, including residents and medical students, who share my feelings and are in search of answers. In the second group are women who have successfully combined careers and families—some shared Dr Katz' and Dr Mikell's sentiments, but most tried to give me helpful suggestions and encouragement.  Interestingly,
862-2 Sirolimus-eluting stent implantation in routine clinical practice: A 12-month follow-up report from the international eCYPHER registry
Authors: Chaim Lotan, E Sousa, Philip Urban, Anthony Gershlick, Joachim Schofer, Giulio Guagliumi, Philippe Guyon, Christophe Tournay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Researchers refine in vitro test that will reduce the risk of "first in humans" drug trials
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

UK researchers investigating what went wrong in the drug trial with the immunomodulator TGN1412 in 2006, in which six healthy volunteers became critically ill, have developed an in vitro test that could have predicted the drug’s serious side effects before it was tested in humans.

The six men had catastrophic multiorgan failure when they took part in a “first in humans” trial of TGN1412—a monoclonal superagonist of the CD28 T cell surface receptor, which was being tested for use in autoimmune conditions. The drug triggered a systemic inflammatory response with rapid induction of proinflammatory cytokines; this caused a life threatening “cytokine storm,” which had not been predicted from preclinical testing ( BMJ 2006;333:570; 10.1136/bmj.333.7568.570).

The UK Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) commissioned the government funded National Institute …
Treatment of Staphylococcal Infections with "Fucidin"
Authors: R. B. Crosbie
Journal: BMJ (1963)

The profession of pharmacy has come to encompass myriad identities, including apothecary, dispenser, merchandiser, expert advisor, and health care provider. While these identities have changed over time, the responsibilities and scope of practice have not evolved to keep up with the goals of the profession and the level of education of practicing pharmacists in the United States. By assuming that the roles of the aforementioned identities involve both product-centric and patient-centric responsibilities, our true professional identity is unclear, which can be linked to the prevalence of the impostor phenomenon within the profession. For pharmacy to truly move forward, a unified definition for the profession is needed by either letting go of past identities or separating these identities from each other by altering standards within professional degree programs and practice models. Without substantial changes to the way we approach this challenge as a profession, the problems described will only persist and deepen.
Perspectives on Acne: What Twitter Can Teach Health Care Providers
Authors: Melissa Shive, Mehul Bhatt, Andrew Cantino, Joseph Kvedar, Kamal Jethwani
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Acne is one of the most common skin diseases, with an estimated prevalence of 50 million people in the United States alone, and has a significant impact on quality of life. The high prevalence and seriousness of acne makes crafting innovative avenues for patient education about this disease very important. Twitter has become a popular social networking phenomenon with a user base of over 140 million active users and 340 million tweets per day.1 Its popularity makes it a potentially powerful source of information and route of communication for acne, especially since the Internet can be an adolescent's primary sources of health information.2
METABOLIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF SALT-POOR HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN IN TWO CASES OF INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS 12
Authors: William Parson, H. S. Mayerson, Alan G. C. White, Robert T. Nieset, Champ Lyons, Walter J. Trautman, Robert Hutcheson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

Human serum albumin for therapeutic use was made available during the war and was used chiefly in the treatment of shock because of its high osmotic properties (1-3).Its use in kidney and liver disease as a nutrient material was also investi- gated (1, 4, 5).These and later studies (6, 7) have raised questions as to the availability and utilization of this substance for metabolic needs in man.In connection with a general investigation of protein metabolism in disease, we have had the opportunity to make a detailed metabolic study of two patients with severe liver disease to whom salt-poor human serum albumin was administered.While the problem is complex and data on two patients obviously limits the drawing of broad conclusions, the material is being presented in the hope that it will supplement that of other investiga- tors engaged in gathering similar data. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe first patient, age 64, was admitted to the Founda- tion Hospital with the chief complaint of liver disease of two and a half months' duration.An exploratory laparotomy was performed on October 13, 1947, and a severely damaged liver was visualized.A diagnosis of infectious hepatitis was confirmed microscopically from biopsy sections.He was transferred to the metabolic ward three days later, placed on a standard diet and the studies begun.At this time, the patient was still gravely ill, and showed a severe anorexia which had been present for the duration of the disease.His weight had de-
Fetal Loss Associated With Caffeine Intake Before and During Pregnancy
Authors: Claire Infante-Rivard
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To determine if caffeine intake before and during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk for fetal loss.Incidence-density case-control study.University-affiliated obstetric and pediatric hospital in Montréal, Québec.A total of 331 women with fetal loss and 993 controls with a normal pregnancy at the same period of pregnancy as the case.Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for fetal loss were estimated using conditional logistic regression. A trend test for increasing caffeine intake was also used.Caffeine intake was divided into quartiles; the baseline for comparison was less than 48 mg per day. The adjusted ORs for fetal loss associated with caffeine intake before pregnancy were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.95) for 48 to 162 mg; 1.37 (95% CI, 0.92 to 2.04) for 163 to 321 mg; and 1.85 (95% CI, 1.18 to 2.89) for more than 321 mg. The same comparisons were made for caffeine intake during pregnancy, and the respective adjusted ORs were 1.15 (95% CI, 0.82 to 1.63), 1.95 (95% CI, 1.29 to 2.93), and 2.62 (95% CI, 1.38 to 5.01). After controlling for confounding factors, there was a strong association of caffeine intake during pregnancy and fetal loss, compatible with a linear trend on the logistic scale in which ORs increased by a factor of 1.22 (1.10 to 1.34) for each 100 mg of caffeine ingested daily during pregnancy.Caffeine intake before and during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of fetal loss, supporting the US Food and Drug Administration recommendation to pregnant women, largely based on animal studies, to reduce their caffeine intake.
Letter: Prognosis of new and worsening angina pectoris.
Authors: D Short, M Stowers
Journal: BMJ (1976)

unabsorbable carbohydrates were added to a breakfast test meal containing 106 g of absorb- able carbohydrates the mean maximum rise of glood glucose between 15 and 120 minutes after the meal was only 40-68o, of the control.Modification of food form may therefore be a useful therapeutic manoeuvre in controlling some diabetic patients.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled (DBPC) Study of Milk Oral Immunotherapy (MOIT) for Cow's Milk Allergy (CMA)
Authors: J SKRIPAK, S NASH, N BRERETON, H ROWLEY, S OH, R HAMILTON, E MATSUI, A BURKS, R WOOD
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Tocainide-Induced Granulomatous Hepatitis
Authors: Leslie E. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Tocainide hydrochloride (Tonocard) is a lidocaine analogue used in treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Recent reports suggest hepatotoxic reactions to this drug. 1,2 We report a case of granulomatous hepatitis probably caused by tocainide.  Report of a Case.—  A 62-year-old man was admitted to the hospital on Jan 3, 1986, with a several-week history of anorexia and a 6.3-kg (14-lb) weight loss. The patient was generally healthy but had been recently discharged from the hospital on Dec 4, 1985, following treatment for an affective disorder and possible alcoholism. Results of liver function tests at that time, including alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, were all normal. During hospitalization, the patient was found to have frequent premature ventricular contractions and was discharged on a regimen of tocainide hydrochloride, 400 mg orally three times a day. The patient was receiving no other medications. Seven days prior to
Shigellosis: An Old Disease in New Clothes?
Authors: Philippe J Sansonetti
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

A new study published in PLoS Medicine by von Seidlein and colleagues is a landmark in research on shigellosis. von Seidlein and colleagues conducted a prospective population-based multicentre study of Shigella diarrhoea in six Asian countries producing data on disease burden clinical manifestations and microbiology. The study provides at the scale of a continent critical epidemiological information regarding prevention strategies against a largely neglected disease that threatens to re-emerge due to its highly infectious potential and its ability to develop resistance to multiple drugs. There is no sign that the incidence of diarrhoeal diseases which are diseases of the poorest is currently decreasing. Morbidity remains high particularly in children younger than the age of five years (3.2 diarrhoea episodes per child per year) according to active surveillance studies carried out between 1992 and 2000. With 2.5 million annual deaths diarrhoea remains a leading public health concern even though the attributed mortality has steadily declined in endemic areas from 13.6 children per 1000 per year in the period 1954-1979 to 4.9 children per 1000 per year in the period 1992-2000. In other words mortality has roughly halved in the past 20 years. Better primary care education of mothers and widespread implementation of oral rehydration therapy are probably the factors that significantly contributed to the decreasing trends in mortality.   (excerpt)
The 'sizable' homeless population: a growing challenge for medicine
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Currently, I see approximately 1,000 to 1,500 patients a year. They suffer from a variety of medical conditions and diseases—in particular, hypothermia due to accidental exposure. The consequences range from severe irreparable brain damage, renal failure, pneumonia, and cardiac arrest to untimely death. Many are victims of gunshot wounds, knife wounds, and trauma associated with secondary contusions from baseball bats, tire irons, or bottles." This is a much abbreviated description of some of the medical conditions seen in the emergency room at California Hospital Medical Center, Los Angeles. It is given by Gary Rapaport, MD, a staff physician. The patients Rapaport is describing form a particular group: the homeless. By even the most conservative estimates, they form a sizable, and growing, underbelly of American society. On an average night a couple of winters ago, between 250,000 and 350,000 persons were homeless, according to the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Coronary stenting with a novel stainless steel balloon-expandable stent: Determinants of neointimal formation and changes in arterial geometry after placement in an atherosclerotic model
Authors: Andrew J. Carter, John R. Laird, William M. Kufs, Lynn Bailey, Timothy G. Hoopes, Tim Reeves, Andrew Farb, Renu Virmani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Cryptosporidiosis in England and Wales.
Authors: A G Thomas, A D Phillips, J A Walker-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1990)

tion should be made for every patient admitted to hospital,' we do not believe that the absence of documentation of that decision necessarily implies that the issue has been ovTerlooked or deferred.We recently studied "Do not resuscitate" decisions for patients in two acute geriatric wards in a district general hospital.There were 49 patients aged 66 to 93 (median age 83) who had been in hospital for between one and 60 days (median 11 days).Senior house officers and senior ward nurses responsible for each patient's care were asked independently whether they considered each patient to be a candidate for resuscitation in the event of a cardiac arrest.The responses of doctors and nurses were compared.A "Do not resuscitate" decision was recorded in only four of the patients' case notes and in none of the nursing notes.But senior house officers considered 25 of the 49 patients to be unsuitable for resuscitation, and the nursing staff stated that they would not institute resuscitation in 22 cases.There was agreement in 42 cases, in 20 of which the patients were considered unsuitable for resuscitation.Patiets cotisi'dered bh doctors aid nuirses to be suitable for resuscitationl Nurscs Doctors
Inhibition of aldosterone production by testosterone in male rats
Authors: Mei-Mei Kau, Ming-Jae Lo, Shyi-Wu Wang, Shiow-Chwen Tsai, Jiann-Jong Chen, Yu-Chung Chiao, Jiun-Yih Yeh, Ho Lin, Andrew Yau-Chik Shum, Victor S. Fang, Low-Tone Ho, Paulus S. Wang
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
EX VIVO AKT/HO-1 GENE THERAPY TO HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS SYNERGISTICALLY ENHANCES FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Keith R. Brunt, Jun Wu, Zhilin Chen, Daniel Poeckel, Ryan A. Dercho, Luis G. Melo, Colin D. Funk, Christopher A. Ward, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)