tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Hodgkin's disease of the CNS in an immunocompetent patient: A case study and review of the literature
Authors: Jim Biagi, Robert G. MacKenzie, Megan S. Lim, Michelle Sapp, Neil Berinstein
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2000)

Primary Hodgkin's disease limited to the CNS is exceedingly rare. Little is known regarding etiologic risk factors, optimal management, and prognosis. A case of Hodgkin's disease confined to the CNS, with cerebrospinal `uid negative for cytology, is described in an immunocompetent patient previously treated for hyperthyroidism with 131I. The patient underwent craniotomy, with resection of two lesions in close proximity within the parenchyma of the temporoparietal lobe. Histopathology revealed classic nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease, without evidence of Epstein-Barr viral infection. Treatment included radiation to the whole brain with a boost to the tumor bed. The patient made a full neurologic recovery and remains free of disease recurrence 21 months after treatment. A literature review has identified only 9 additional cases. Seven of 8 evaluable patients remain alive and free of recurrence with a median follow-up of 13 months. The risk factors for this presentation remain undefined. Although follow-up is short, radiotherapy alone appears to provide excellent disease-free survival. Chemotherapy may be reserved for patients with positive cerebrospinal `uid, extracranial disease, or subsequent relapse.
In search of the relevant behavioral variables
Authors: Joseph J. Plaud
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Heyman s analysis of the relevant complex behavioral variables associated with addiction is evaluated in relation to identifying the appropriate variables in behavior analysis. The model of behavioral allocation and choice known as melioration, discussed by Heyman as a way to understand the complexities of addiction, is examined and contrasted with another model of matching called ratio invariance, which is offered in this commentary as another behavioral account with a significant potential for resolving the contradictions of addiction.
A Putative Exonic Splicing Polymorphism in the BCL6 Gene and the Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Yawei Zhang, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman, Yong Zhu, Shelia Hoar Zahm, Sophia S. Wang, Theodore R. Holford, Brian Leaderer, Peter Boyle, Bing Zhang, Kaiyong Zou, Stephen Chanock, Tongzhang Zheng
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2005)

Recent studies have shown that the B-cell lymphoma 6 gene (BCL6) is an oncogene that contributes to lymphomagenesis. Exon 6 of BCL6 contains a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (-195 C>T; dbSNP ID: rs1056932) that alters a potential binding site for an exonic splicing enhancer. We used unconditional logistic regression models to examine the association between this SNP and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a population-based case-control study of women residing in Connecticut (461 case patients and 535 control subjects). The risk of NHL among women with the CC genotype was more than double that of women with the TT genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5 to 3.3). Higher risks were observed for two NHL subtypes, namely B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia/prolymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.6 to 7.8) and T-cell lymphoma (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.0 to 13.3). Our results support the hypothesis that a genetic variant that could alter mRNA transcripts of BCL6 may contribute to the etiology of NHL and suggest that this variant warrants further investigation.
Modern evolution of a single-copy gene: the immunoglobulin C kappa locus in wild mice.
Authors: E Jouvin-Marche, A Cuddihy, S Butler, J N Hansen, W M Fitch, S Rudikoff
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1988)

The immunoglobulin kappa light-chain constant region gene (C kappa) has been cloned and sequenced from five wild mouse species. Analysis of these data has permitted an assessment of single-copy gene evolution during a limited time period as defined by the genus Mus. Sequence conservation was found to be as high (or higher) in the 5' and enhancer regions as in the coding region. The pattern of substitutions throughout these genes suggests that parallel evolution has occurred frequently and that substitutions at replacement sites have not decreased significantly, owing to saturation during this period of approximately 10 Myr. Phylogenetic relationships have been determined among these wild species as well as among members of the genus Rattus.
Restoration of CD28 Expression in CD28− CD8<b>+</b> Memory Effector T Cells Reconstitutes Antigen-induced IL-2 Production
Authors: Max S. Topp, Stanley R. Riddell, Yoshiki Akatsuka, Michael C. Jensen, Joseph N. Blattman, Philip D. Greenberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

The control of many persistent viral infections by Ag-specific cytolytic CD8+ T cells requires a concurrent virus-specific CD4+ Th cell response. This reflects in part a requirement of activated effector CD8+ T cells for paracrine IL-2 production as a growth and survival factor. In human CMV and HIV infection, the majority of differentiated virus-specific CD8+ T cells notably lose the ability to produce IL-2 but also lose expression of CD28, a costimulatory molecule. Analysis of the fraction of memory CD8+ T cells that continue to express CD28 revealed these cells retain the ability to produce IL-2. Therefore, we examined if IL-2 production by CD28− CD8+ T cells could be restored by introduction of a constitutively expressed CD28 gene. Expression of CD28 in CD28− CD8+ CMV- and HIV-specific CD8+ T cells reconstituted the ability to produce IL-2, which could sustain an autocrine proliferative response after Ag recognition. These results suggest that the loss of CD28 expression during differentiation of memory/effector CD8+ T cells represents a decisive step in establishing regulation of responding CD8+ T cells, increasing the dependence on CD4+ Th for proliferation after target recognition, and has implications for the treatment of viral disease with adoptively transferred CD8+ T cells.
Genes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and mild inflammatory arthritis. II. Association of HLA with complement C3 and immunoglobulin Gm allotypes.
Authors: A H Puttick, D C Briggs, K I Welsh, E A Williamson, R K Jacoby, V E Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Associations were sought between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes on chromosome 6 and the complement component C3 and immunoglobulin genes located on other chromosomes which might contribute to susceptibility to mild inflammatory arthritis (IA) or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Frequencies of the complement C3F allele were raised in patients with IA but were normal in patients with RA and controls. When associations between C3F and MHC genes were sought frequencies of some MHC genes were greater in patients with C3F than in those without--for example, HLA-B8 and DR3 in patients with RA and DR2 in patients with IA. Conversely, DR4 frequency was lower in patients with IA with C3F than in those without. Thus the C3F allele may act independently or exert an epistatic effect on MHC genes to increase susceptibility or protect against disease. The frequency of the immunoglobulin heavy chain allotype Glm(2) on chromosome 14 was increased in patients with RA but only in those with the phenotype Gm1,2,3,17;21,5; no significant associations were found between MHC genes and Gm phenotypes. Further, no associations of MHC, C3F, and immunoglobulin genes were shared by patients with RA and those with IA, indicating a different genetic basis for the two clinical entities.
Tonsillectomy: Justified but Not Mandated in Special Patients
Authors: J. Owen Hendley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Tonsillectomy has been a controversial surgical procedure for years. Other areas of medicine are as controversial, but tonsillectomy is unique in that virtually every physician not only knows of the controversy surrounding the procedure but also has a firm opinion on the subject. Pediatricians and family physicians who refer patients and otolaryngologists who do the procedure have opinions because they have to make medical decisions about tonsillectomy. Other physicians have opinions about the procedure because of some personal experience with it. Every physician either had a tonsillectomy as a child or knows a neighbor down the street who was benefited . . .
CD5 B lymphocyte antigen in monoclonal gammopathy
Authors: RÉGis Bataille, Christophe Duperray, Xue Guang Zhang, Jean Brochier, Bernard Klein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Because B lymphocytes bearing the CD5 antigen have been involved in many B-cell malignancies, we have investigated the presence of the CD5 B-cell antigen on B and plasma cells in monoclonal gammopathy. Quantification of CD5 B cells was made in the peripheral blood of seven individuals with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and in that of 21 patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The bone marrow of ten patients with MM was also studied. Patients with progressive MM presented a significant reduction in both B and CD5 B lymphocytes (i.e., percentages and absolute numbers), when compared with individuals with MGUS and patients with stable MM. These latter individuals and patients did not differ from healthy donors. No CD5 B cells were found in the bone marrow of patients with MM. Moreover, no CD5 antigen could be detected on eight freshly established human myeloma cells lines including six totally dependent on interleukin-6. However, it was weakly expressed on two standard myeloma cell lines not requiring exogenous interleukin-6 (i.e., RPMI 8226 and U 266). In conclusion, our data show mainly an overall reduction of the polyclonal CD5 B lymphocytes similar to what is observed for the other polyclonal B lymphocytes in patients with active MM. Finally, the expression of the CD5 antigen human myeloma cell lines is not constant.
Pigment Epithelium–Derived Factor Gene Therapy Inhibits Human Pancreatic Cancer in Mice
Authors: Ryunosuke Hase, Masaki Miyamoto, Hirofumi Uehara, Masatoshi Kadoya, Yuma Ebihara, Yoshihiro Murakami, Ryo Takahashi, Seiji Mega, Li Li, Toshiaki Shichinohe, Yo Kawarada, Satoshi Kondo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF), which has recently been shown to be the most potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in the mammalian eye, is also expressed in the pancreas. Previously, we have screened the expression of PEDF by immunohistochemical analysis and showed that low expression of PEDF is associated with increased risk of hepatic metastasis and short survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PEDF gene is a potent tumor suppressor and a potential candidate for cancer gene therapy. Experimental Design: We investigated both in vitro and in vivo growth characteristics of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines that were stably transfected to overexpress human PEDF and therapeutic effects of lentivirus-based vectors expressing PEDF on tumor growth in murine s.c. tumor model. Results: We discovered that cells secreted PEDF protein in the media and this exhibited strong inhibitory effects on proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The size of PEDF-overexpressing pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumors was significantly smaller than that of control tumors in s.c. tumor models. Moreover, the growth of PEDF-overexpressing pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells was significantly suppressed in comparison with control cells in peritoneal metastasis models. In gene transfer models, intratumoral injection of a lentivirus vector encoding PEDF (LV-PEDF) caused significant inhibition of tumor growth. The antitumor effect observed after treatment with LV-PEDF was associated with decreased microvessel density in tumors. Conclusion: Our data suggest that PEDF may exert a biological effect on tumor angiogenesis and PEDF gene therapy may provide a new approach for treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Risk of Recurrence of Bipolar Disorder in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women After Discontinuing Lithium Maintenance
Authors: Adele C. Viguera, Ruta Nonacs, Lee S. Cohen, Leonardo Tondo, Aoife Murray, Ross J. Baldessarini
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy poses major challenges for the treatment of bipolar disorder, and information to guide clinical care remains very sparse. The authors sought to determine the illness recurrence risk for women with bipolar disorder who discontinue lithium maintenance during pregnancy. METHOD: The authors retrospectively compared recurrence rates and survival functions for 101 women with DSM-IV bipolar disorder (68 type I, 33 type II) during pregnancy and postpartum (N=42) or during equivalent periods (weeks 1–40 and 41–64) for age-matched nonpregnant subjects (N=59) after either rapid (1–14 days) or gradual (15–30 days) discontinuation of lithium. Recurrence rates also were obtained for the year before discontinuing lithium. RESULTS: Rates of recurrence during the first 40 weeks after lithium discontinuation were similar for pregnant (52%) and nonpregnant women (58%) but had been much lower for both in the year before treatment was discontinued (21%). Among subjects who remained stable over the first 40 weeks after lithium discontinuation, postpartum recurrences were 2.9 times more frequent than recurrences in nonpregnant women during weeks 41–64 (70% versus 24%). Depressive or dysphoric-mixed episodes were more prevalent in pregnant than nonpregnant women (63% versus 38% of recurrences). Recurrence risk was greater after rapid than after gradual discontinuation, and for patients with more prior affective episodes, but was similar for diagnostic types I and II. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of recurrence during the first 40 weeks after lithium discontinuation were similar for pregnant and nonpregnant women but then sharply increased postpartum. Risk was much lower during preceding treatment and less with gradual discontinuation. Treatment planning for potentially pregnant women with bipolar disorder should consider the relative risks of fetal exposure to mood stabilizers versus the high recurrence risks after discontinuing lithium.
Activation of Host Wound Responses in Breast Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Melissa A. Troester, Myung Hee Lee, Matthew Carter, Cheng Fan, David W. Cowan, Erick Roman Perez, Jason R. Pirone, Charles M. Perou, D. Joseph Jerry, Sallie Smith Schneider
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Cancer progression is mediated by processes that are also important in wound repair. As a result, cancers have been conceptualized as overhealing wounds or "wounds that do not heal," and gene expression signatures reflective of wound repair have shown value as predictors of breast cancer survival. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of commonalities between host responses to wounds and host responses to cancer, the gene expression responses of normal tissue adjacent to cancers have not been well characterized.Using RNA extracted from histologically normal breast tissue from 107 patients, including 60 reduction mammoplasty patients and 47 cancer patients, we measured whole genome expression profiles and identified a gene expression signature that is induced in response to breast cancer.This signature represents an in vivo "wound response" signature that is differentially expressed in the normal tissue of breast cancer patients compared with those without disease and is highly accurate (at least 92% sensitivity and 98% specificity) in distinguishing diseased and nondiseased. The in vivo wound response signature is highly prognostic of breast cancer survival, and there is a strong association between the groups identified by this signature and those identified using serum-treated fibroblasts and other microenvironment-derived or microenvironment-related signatures.The prevalence of the wound response signature in histologically normal tissue adjacent to breast cancer suggests that microenvironment response is an important variable in breast cancer progression and may be an important target for clinical interventions.
Diabetes and the Severity of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Infection
Authors: Robert Allard, Pascale Leclerc, Claude Tremblay, Terry-Nan Tannenbaum
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

To confirm the existence of an increased risk of complications from influenza A (H1N1)p among patients with diabetes.Using data from an enhanced influenza surveillance project in Montreal, Canada, and age/sex-specific population estimates of diabetes prevalence, we estimated the risk of hospitalization among persons with diabetes. Comparing hospitalized patients admitted or not to an intensive care unit (ICU), we estimated the risk of ICU admission associated with diabetes, controlling for other patient characteristics.Among 239 hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed influenza A (H1N1)p, 162 (68%) were interviewed, of whom 22 had diabetes, when 7.1 were expected (prevalence ratio 3.10 [95% CI 2.04-4.71]). The odds ratio for ICU admission was 4.29 (95% CI 1.29-14.3) among hospitalized patients with diabetes compared to those without.Diabetes triples the risk of hospitalization after influenza A (H1N1)p and quadruples the risk of ICU admission once hospitalized.
Myocardial contraction is 5-fold more economical in ventricular than in atrial human tissue
Authors: N NAROLSKA, R VANLOON, N BOONTJE, R ZAREMBA, S PENAS, J RUSSELL, S SPIEGELENBERG, M HUYBREGTS, F VISSER, J DEJONG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Cardiac energetics and performance depend on the expression level of the fast (alpha-) and slow (beta-) myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform. In ventricular tissue, the beta-MHC isoform predominates, whereas in atrial tissue a variable mixture of alpha- and beta-MHC is found. In several cardiac diseases, the slow isoform is upregulated; however, the functional implications of this transition in human myocardium are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between contractile properties and MHC isoform composition in healthy human myocardium using the diversity in atrial tissue.Isometric force production and ATP consumption were measured in chemically skinned atrial trabeculae and ventricular muscle strips, and rate of force redevelopment was studied using single cardiomyocytes. MHC isoform composition was determined by one-dimensional SDS-gel electrophoresis.Force development in ventricular tissue was about 5-fold more economical, but nine times slower, than in atrial tissue. Significant linear correlations were found between MHC isoform composition, ATP consumption and rate of force redevelopment.These results clearly indicate that even a minor shift in MHC isoform expression has considerable impact on cardiac performance in human tissue.
Efficacy of multimodal exercise-based rehabilitation on physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and patient-reported outcomes in cancer survivors: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: J. Midtgaard, J.F. Christensen, A. Tolver, L.W. Jones, J. Uth, B. Rasmussen, L. Tang, L. Adamsen, M. Rørth
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
New Impact Factor Reflects Journal's Growth
Authors: W. K. Alfred Yung
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2009)

Thomson Scientific’s 2008 journal impact factor numbers were published last summer, and Neuro-Oncology’s predominance in the field remains undisputed. Neuro-Oncology’s impact factor number now stands at 5.000. Neuro-Oncology remains in the top 25% of oncology journals (where it is ranked 25th of 141 journals) and clinical neurology titles (where it is 15th of 156 journals).

The impact factor is determined in part by the journal’s total number of articles published in 2007, which represented a nearly 60% increase from the previous year (46 in 2007 versus 29 in 2006). Because of the increase in our publication frequency from quarterly to bimonthly in 2008 and from bimonthly to monthly in 2010, the trend in rising numbers of published papers will continue into the foreseeable future. Our aim is to see increases in our impact factor but, more important, growth in our impact on the neuro-oncology community and, through it, service to patients with brain tumors.

For our growth, we are indebted to our editorial board, whose members are listed in every issue of the journal, and to our peer reviewers, all of whom have helped us reach and maintain our enviable position.

Listed below are those peer reviewers who are not on our editorial board but have committed many volunteer hours over the past year to critiquing manuscripts submitted to the journal and guiding us in our choices of which to publish. This vibrant community of scientists and physicians helps the journal—and the field—prosper. Please join us in thanking them for their service and expertise.

Peer Reviewers

Lauren E. Abrey

Joachim M. Baehring

Rolf F. Barth

Tracy T. Batchelor

Michael E. Berens

Jaclyn A. Biegel

Wolfgang Bohn

Paul D. Brown

Carmine M. Carapella

Maria G. Castro

Eric L. Chang

Shiyuan Cheng

Olivier Chinot

Kenneth J. Cohen

Howard Colman

Joseph Costello

Faith G. Davis

Lisa M. DeAngelis

Adam P. Dicker

Graziella Filippini

Peter A. Forsyth

Takamitsu Fujimaki

Caterina Giannini

Francesc Graus

Nalin Gupta

Chunhai (Charlie) Hao

John W. Henson

Fred H. Hochberg

Graeme Hodgson

Isa M. Hussaini

Koichi Ichimura

Yasuo Iwadate

Edward Jackson

Andreas H. Jacobs

Robert B. Jenkins

Randy Jensen

Annette Johnson

Takashi Komori

Jay S. Loeffler

Joseph C. Loftus

Ian E. McCutcheon

Tracy Richmond McKnight

Alex McMillan

Louis Burt Nabors

Mitsutoshi Nakada

Hideho Okada

Marios Papadopoulos

John Park

Andrew T. Parsa

Vinay K. Puduvalli

Jeffrey J. Raizer

Lisa R. Rogers

Tena Rosser

Robert Rostomily

James Rubenstein

Jann N. Sarkaria

David Schiff

Hiroki Shirato

Riccardo Soffietti

Yukihiko Sonoda

Shingo Takano

Martin J. B. Taphoorn

Christopher D. Turner

Jeffrey S. Wefel

Patrick Y. Wen

Wolfgang Wick

John K. Wiencke

Shiao Y. Woo

Ryuya Yamanaka

Ping Yang

Seiichi Yoshida

Xiang Zhang