tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Final results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the antifibrotic efficacy of interferon-γ1b in chronic hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis
Authors: Paul J. Pockros, Lennox Jeffers, Nezam Afdhal, Zachary D. Goodman, David Nelson, Robert G. Gish, Rajender K. Reddy, Robert Reindollar, Maribel Rodriguez-Torres, Sarah Sullivan, Lawrence M. Blatt, Sima Faris-Young
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract Interferon-γ1b (IFN-γ1b) is a pleiotropic cytokine that displays antifibrotic, antiviral, and antiproliferative activity. A total of 502 patients with compensated liver disease and an Ishak fibrosis score of 4-6 were randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, and 488 of these patients received subcutaneous injections of IFN-γ1b 100 μg (group 1, n = 169), IFN-γ1b 200 μg (group 2, n = 157), or placebo (group 3, n = 162) 3 times a week for 48 weeks. Most patients (83.6%) had cirrhosis at baseline (Ishak score = 5 or 6). Posttreatment liver biopsies were assessed in a blinded fashion for a reduction of 1 or more Ishak points (primary endpoint). Four hundred twenty patients with pretreatment and posttreatment liver biopsies were evaluable and showed no improvement in Ishak score between the 3 treatment groups (12.1%, 12.4%, and 16% of patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively; P &gt; 0.05). Analysis of IFN-γ–inducible biomarkers revealed that interferon-inducible T cell–alpha chemoattractant (ITAC), an IFN-γ–inducible CXCR3 chemokine was an independent predictor of stable or improving Ishak score. IFN-γ1b was well tolerated. There were similar numbers of deaths in all 3 arms (5, 5, and 4, respectively), and most were related to complications of cirrhosis. Conclusion: IFN-γ1b therapy was not able to reverse fibrosis in patients with advanced liver disease for 1 year. Subgroups of patients with elevated ITAC levels and perhaps less advanced disease may be considered for future studies with IFN-γ1b. (Hepatology 2007;45:569–578.)
Adult-onset Still's disease with persistent plaques
Authors: None Lübbe, None Hofer, None Chavaz, None Saurat, None Borradori
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Adult‐onset Still's disease with persistent plaques Get access J. Lübbe, J. Lübbe Clinic and Policlinic of Dermatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue Micheli‐du‐Crest 24, CH 1211 Genève 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Hofer, M. Hofer Children's Hospital; University Hospitals of Geneva Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Chavaz, P. Chavaz Clinic and Policlinic of Dermatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue Micheli‐du‐Crest 24, CH 1211 Genève 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J-H. Saurat, J-H. Saurat Clinic and Policlinic of Dermatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue Micheli‐du‐Crest 24, CH 1211 Genève 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Borradori L. Borradori Clinic and Policlinic of Dermatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue Micheli‐du‐Crest 24, CH 1211 Genève 14, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 141, Issue 4, 1 October 1999, Pages 710–713, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.03115.x Published: 01 October 1999
Abstract 835: hRrp15, a ribosome RNA processing protein, has profound function on nucleoli construction, ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation.
Authors: Zhixiong Dong, Changjun Zhu, Wei Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Nucleolus is the sub-organelle that controls ribosome biogenesis in cells, and ribosome biogenesis is a highly regulated process that ensures cell growth (increase in biomass) coordinated with cell proliferation. In the nucleolus, ribosomal RNA precursor (47S rRNA) is initially transcribed from rDNA and then subsequently processes into 5.8S, 18S and 28S rRNAs, together with numerous ribosome proteins and nonribosomal factors, to form 60S and 40S pre-ribosomal particles before they are exported to the cytoplasm. A large body of evidence demonstrates that perturbation of rRNA synthesis, process and/or pre-ribosomal factor function impairs ribosome biogenesis and induces cell cycle arrest. This is attributed to nucleolar disruption and diffusion of ribosomal proteins, such as Rpl11 and Rpl5, into the nucleoplasm in which these ribosomal proteins bind to and inhibit MDM2 function, resulting in p53 induction and activation. In this study, we described the identification and characterization of a human protein, hRrp15, that has sequence homology with yeast pre-ribosomal factor, Rrp15p. Previous studies showed that Rrp15p is a ribosome RNA processing protein required for 60S pre-ribosomal particle formation and/or maturation in yeast. Using immunofluorescence and sucrose gradient centrifugation analyses, we demonstrated that hRrp15 was mainly localized at nucleoli in human cells. Depletion of hRrp15 expression disrupted nucleolar structure, inducing diffusion of nucleolar protein, nucleolin, in the nucleus. In contrast to Rrp15p, hRrp15 mainly associated with 60S pre-ribosomal particle but it also presented in 40S pre-ribosomal particle. Consistently, inhibition of hRrp15 expression perturbed nucleolar formation and impaired ribosomal biogenesis in both 60S and 40S pre-ribosomal subunits. In addition, depletion of hRrp15 in human non-transformed cells, RPE1, resulted in the induction of p53 and p21 proteins and cell cycle arrest at G1-G1/S whereas depletion of hRrp15 in human tumor cells, HeLa and MCF7, caused DNA damage response with detectable γ-H2AX and apoptosis. These results indicated that hRrp15 plays a critical role in regulating formation of both 60S and 40S pre-ribosomal particles, ribosome biogenesis, construction of nucleoli, cell growth and cell proliferation in human cells. Hence, hRrp15 may serve as a potential target for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Zhixiong Dong, Changjun Zhu, Wei Jiang. hRrp15, a ribosome RNA processing protein, has profound function on nucleoli construction, ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 835. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-835
Preparation of controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets for salvianolic acid and optimization of the formulation using an artificial neural network method
Authors: Wen-Jin Xu, Ning Li, Chong-kai Gao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2011)

In this paper controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets (CPOPT) for salvianolic acid (SA) were prepared and optimized with experimental design methods including an artificial neutral network (ANN) method. Three causal factors, i.e., drug, osmotic pressure promoting agent rate, PEG400 content in coating solution and coating weight, were evaluated based on their effects on drug release rate. The linear correlation coefficient of the accumulative amount of drug release and the time of 12 h, r(Y1), and the sum of the absolute value between measured and projected values, Y2, were used as outputs to optimize the formulation. The weight expression Y=(1−Y1)2+Y22 was used in the calculation. Furthermore, the ANN and uniform design gave similar optimization results, but ANN projected the outputs better than the uniform design. This paper showed that the release rate of salvianolic acid B and that of the total salvianolic acid was consistent in the optimized formulation.
Vitamin D and Subclinical Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Erin D. Michos, Kathryn A. Carson, Andrea L. C. Schneider, Pamela L. Lutsey, Li Xing, A. Richey Sharrett, Alvaro Alonso, Laura H. Coker, Myron Gross, Wendy Post, Thomas H. Mosley, Rebecca F. Gottesman
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and incident stroke. Little is known about the association between vitamin D and subclinical cerebrovascular disease.
What's Happening to Britain's National Health Service?
Authors: R Klein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Britain's National Health Service (NHS), as constituted in 1948, had two defining characteristics. First, it was a universal system, funded predominantly by taxation, that made health care available to the whole population and removed financial barriers to access. Second, it was essentially a paternalistic system designed to meet the needs of patients as defined by the professionals delivering the services rather than to respond to the demands articulated by patients. These have continued to be the defining characteristics of the NHS over the decades. Now, however, the government is proposing a transformation of the system. The financial and organizational framework . . .
Quality of life measurement in dermatology: a practical guide
Authors: A.Y. FINLAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The purpose of this review is to guide clinicians and researchers who wish to use quality of life (QOL)measures in dermatology. Definitions of key words are given, with a guide to descriptions of the adverse effects of skin disease. The reasons for measuring QOL in dermatology are explained, with descriptions of the use of disease specific, dermatology specific, general health and utility measure questionnaires. Measurement methods of QOL in children and the family impact of skin disease are also described. There is advice about how to choose which method to use, and where to find the questionnaires.
The Decline of Pharmaceutical Psychiatry and the Increasing Role of Psychological Medicine
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2009)

The increasing influence of the pharmaceutical industry on psychiatric research and practice is leading to an intellectual and clinical crisis. A narrow concept of science attempts to apply oversimplified neurobiological models to the understanding and treatment of mental disorders, and relegates psychiatrists to a marginal role. This paper reviews some emerging trends of renewal that may be subsumed under the rubric of psychological medicine: use of a multidisciplinary approach, emphasis on psychotherapeutic strategies leading to self-management, reliance on repeated assessments, integration of different treatment modalities and independence from the pharmaceutical industry. The concept of psychological medicine, defined as the clinical application of the psychosomatic approach, may provide room for innovative paths in psychiatric research and treatment.
1347 A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE CLINICAL IMPACT OF VIRAL ERADICATION AND IL-28B GENOTYPE ON PEG-INTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN THERAPY AFTER CURATIVE TREATMENT FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: K. Tsuchiya, Y. Asahina, K. Tanaka, Y. Suzuki, Y. Hoshioka, N. Tamaki, T. Kato, Y. Yasui, T. Hosokawa, K. Ueda, T. Kuzuya, J. Itakura, H. Nakanishi, M. Kurosaki, N. Izumi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Decreased serum 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D concentrations in children receiving chronic anticonvulsant therapy.
Authors: Y Weisman, A Fattal, Z Eisenberg, S Harel, Z Spirer, A Harell
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Serum 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) concentrations and the ratio between the two were measured in 31 Israeli children and adolescents receiving long-term treatment with phenobarbitone or phenytoin and in controls. 24,25 (OH)2D concentrations were significantly depressed in the patients, although the 25-OHD concentrations were similar to those in the healthy controls. In four patients with radiological evidence of osteopenia very low serum 24,25(OH)2D concentrations and serum 24,25(OH)2D: 25-OHD ratios were recorded. The findings suggest that 24,25(OH)2D deficiency may play an important part in the pathogenesis of osteomalacia in patients treated with anticonvulsant drugs and provide further indirect evidence that 24,25(OH)2D is important for normal bone structure.
Fabrication of Novel 3D Nanofiber Scaffolds with Anisotropic Property and Regular Pores and Their Potential Applications
Authors: Jingwei Xie, Bing Ma, Praveesuda Lorwattanapongsa Michael
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

A new and simple approach for preparing 3D nanofiber scaffolds in a basket-weaved structure composed of uniaxially aligned, electrospun nanofiber strips is reported. It is also demonstrated that human adipose-derived stem cells seeded are distributed uniformly throughout different layers of scaffolds and can proliferate and be organized by the nanotopographic cues imparted by uniaxial arrays of nanofiber.
Prospective Study of Toenail Selenium Levels and Cancer Among Women
Authors: M. Garland, J. S. Morris, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, V. L. Spate, C. K. Baskett, B. Rosner, F. E. Speizer, W. C. Willett, D. J. Hunter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Prospective Study of Toenail Selenium Levels and Cancer Among Women Get access Miriam Garland, Miriam Garland Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Steven Morris, J. Steven Morris Research Reactor Facility, University of MissouriColumbia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Meir J. Stampfer, Meir J. Stampfer Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and women's HospitalBoston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Graham A. Colditz, Graham A. Colditz Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's HospitalBoston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Victoria L. Spate, Victoria L. Spate Research Reactor Facility, University of MissouriColumbia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Connie K. Baskett, Connie K. Baskett Research Reactor Facility, University of MissouriColumbia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernard Rosner, Bernard Rosner Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frank E. Speizer, Frank E. Speizer Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter C. Willett, Walter C. Willett Department of Epidemiology and Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and women's HospitalBoston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David J. Hunter David J. Hunter Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's HospitalBoston Correspondence to: David J. Hunter. M.B.B.S., Sc.D., Channing Laboratory, 180 Longwoode Ave., Boston, MA 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 7, 5 April 1995, Pages 497–505, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.7.497 Published: 05 April 1995 Article history Received: 13 January 1994 Revision received: 30 December 1994 Accepted: 18 January 1995 Published: 05 April 1995
Formal Speech Stylistics and Type A Behavior in 38 Subjects during Nonstress Interviews
Authors: R. Guggisberg, K. Laederach, R. Adler
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Open-ended interviews of 90 min length of 38 patients were analyzed with respect to speech stylistics, shown by Schucker and Jacobs to differentiate individuals with type A personality features from those with type B. In our patients, Type A/B had been assessed by the Bortner Personality Inventory. The stylistics studied were: repeated words swallowed words, interruptions, simultaneous speech, silence latency (between question and answer) (SL), speed of speech, uneven speed of speech (USS), explosive words (PW), uneven speech volume (USV), and speech volume. Correlations between both raters for all speech categories were high. Positive correlations between extent of type A and SL (r = 0.33; p = 0.022), USS (r = 0.51; p = 0.002), PW (r = 0.46; p = 0.003) and USV (r = 0.39; p = 0.012) were found. Our results indicate that the speech in nonstress open-ended interviews of type A individuals tends to show a higher emotional tension (positive correlations for USS PW and USV) and is more controlled in conversation (positive correlation for SL).
Anticardiolipin antibodies in chronic hepatitis C: Implication of hepatitis C virus as the cause of the antiphospholipid syndrom
Authors: J Prieto, J R Yuste, O Beloqui, M P Civeira, J I Riezu, B Aguirre, B Sangro
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Antiphospholipid antibodies are a type of autoantibodies that have been implicated in the occurrence of thrombocytopenia and thrombotic events and have been described in autoimmune disorders and diverse viral diseases. In this study anticardiolipin antibodies (immunoglobulin G [IgG] isotype) were determined in serum from 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 52 healthy controls. In addition, hepatitis C virus (HCV) markers (anti-HCV and HCV RNA) were investigated in 73 patients with thrombotic disorders and no clinical evidence of liver disease; of these patients 37 cases tested negatively for anticardiolipin antibodies and 36 positively. Anticardiolipin test was positive more frequently (22%) in the group of patients with chronic hepatitis C than in healthy controls (1.9%; P &lt; .001). Using conditional logistic-regression analysis we found that in hepatitis C patients the presence of thrombocytopenia, portal hypertension and the existence of prior thrombotic episodes were significantly related to positivity for anticardiolipin antibodies ( P &lt; .05 in all cases). In patients with no evidence of liver disease and a history of thrombotic events, hepatitis C markers were absent in all cases who tested negatively for anticardiolipin antibodies (n = 37), but were present in 16.7% of those positive for anticardiolipin (n = 36) ( P = .01). In conclusion, anticardiolipin antibodies are frequently found in patients with chronic hepatitis C and in these patients they may be implicated in the occurrence of thrombosis and in the development of thrombocytopenia. Occult HCV infection is present in a significant proportion of patients with thrombotic disorders and positive for anticardiolipin (the antiphospholipid syndrome).
The role of proteoglycan (versican) cleavage by the metalioenzyme matrilysin in unstable atherosclerotic lesions in patients
Authors: Igor Halpert, Samuel A. Wickline, Jill D. Roby, Ulrike D. Sires, Thomas N. Wright, Howard G. Welgus, William C. Parks
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
318 A secreted form of ADAM9 by liver myofibroblasts promotes tumor invasion through stromal-tumor interactions
Authors: A. Mazzocca, R.M.S. De Franco, J.Y. Cho, T. Liberman, S. Cappadona Sciammetta, C. Rigamonti, A. Toker, M. Pinzani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Smoking Cessation
Authors: Richard S. Merrick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR)Smoking Cessation Clinical Practice Guideline1presents useful strategies for some patients with nicotine addiction. The low quit rates typically achieved by this approach reflect a failure to recognize that a majority of nicotine-dependent patients require more intensive therapy.  Even the recommendations regarding intensive cessation programs are not sufficient in intensity or duration for most smokers. Would anyone ever consider such a minimalist approach to other addictions such as alcohol, cocaine, or heroin?  These guidelines trivialize nicotine addiction. I propose future guidelines incorporate an addiction-model treatment approach to this most significant problem and include greatly expanded intensity and duration of treatment.
Chronic and acute anemia and extracranial internal carotid stenosis are risk factors for silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Françoise Bernaudin, Suzanne Verlhac, Cécile Arnaud, Annie Kamdem, Manuela Vasile, Florence Kasbi, Isabelle Hau, Fouad Madhi, Christine Fourmaux, Sandra Biscardi, Ralph Epaud, Corinne Pondarré
Journal: Blood (2014)
Palliative care in general practice
Authors: Z. Kenyon
Journal: BMJ (1995)

No longer an optional extra

Many general practitioners shy away from palliative care. They feel uncomfortable about working in teams, know little about controlling symptoms, and are reluctant to use powerful drugs in effective doses. Furthermore, some worry about demands on their time and are afraid to expose themselves to painful emotions.

A recent review of current standards of palliative care in general practice by the Royal College of General Practitioners identified deficits and tested a range of remedial measures.1 Facilitators (one from each of five faculties of the college) were selected for their experience in palliative care, postgraduate education, and, by inference, audit. Together these skills represent those available in an ideal general practice; providing them has substantial implications …
US panel reaffirms controversial 2009 mammography recommendations
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

In new draft guidelines released on 21 April the US Preventive Services Task Force has reaffirmed its controversial 2009 position that women who have an average risk of developing breast cancer should undergo routine screening mammography starting at age 50 and that the tests should be done every two years through to age 75.1 Several US medical societies have recommended yearly screening from age 40.

Mammography screening every two years for women in their 40s can be of benefit, the task force said, but it also carries potential harms, so the decision to undergo screening should be an individual one that a woman makes in partnership with her physician.

It warned, “The science shows that some women in their 40s …