tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: N R Saeed, J A Gold
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Molecular simulations intended to compute equilibrium properties are often initiated from configurations that are highly atypical of equilibrium samples, a practice which can generate a distinct initial transient in mechanical observables computed from the simulation trajectory. Traditional practice in simulation data analysis recommends this initial portion be discarded to <i>equilibration,</i> but no simple, general, and automated procedure for this process exists. Here, we suggest a conceptually simple automated procedure that does not make strict assumptions about the distribution of the observable of interest, in which the equilibration time is chosen to maximize the number of effectively uncorrelated samples in the production timespan used to compute equilibrium averages. We present a simple Python reference implementation of this procedure, and demonstrate its utility on typical molecular simulation data.
Making Smoking Prevention a Reality
Authors: William L. Roper
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Since the inception of the antitobacco movement in the late 1950s, national, state, and local public health campaigns have delayed an estimated three quarters of a million deaths from tobacco-related disease.<sup>1</sup>Although many lives have been saved, one in every five deaths in 1988 was smoking-related, and smoking directly caused 434 000 deaths in 1988.<sup>2,3</sup>It is amazing to think that each and every day, 1200 Americans— 50 each hour—lose their lives from preventable smoking-related diseases such as lung cancer, heart disease, and chronic obstructive lung disease.<sup>4</sup> Tobacco, the plague of our time, brings forth the need for us to band together—together, we can ultimately save thousands of lives now held hostage by smoking.<sup>5</sup>As a community of health professionals, our mission is to support the year 2000 health objectives<sup>6</sup>and to acknowledge tobacco as the significant and far-reaching public health problem portrayed in the
Tissue-specific expression of cell-surface Qa-2 antigen from a transfected Q7b gene of C57BL/10 mice.
Authors: G L Waneck, D H Sherman, S Calvin, H Allen, R A Flavell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

We screened a cDNA library prepared from a BALB.B10 CTL clone that expresses Qa-2 antigen, and isolated four clones derived from Q7b, a Qa region gene of C57BL/10. One of these Q7b cDNAs and the Q7b chromosomal gene were subcloned into expression vectors and transfected into L cells and R1.1 thymoma cells. We found that the chromosomal Q7b gene expresses Qa-2 on the surface of R1.1 cells, but not on L cells while the Q7b cDNA expresses protein on the surface of both cell types. The levels of Qa-2 expression do not correlate with the total levels of Q7b mRNA in these transfectants. Our results suggest that the tissue-specific expression of Qa-2 may be controlled, in part, by mechanisms of alternate RNA splicing. By using hybrid gene constructs, we have mapped the tissue-specific element to the 3' part of the gene, downstream of a site near the middle of exon 4. The hybrid polypeptides differ significantly in their transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions. These portions of the protein also may play a role in the tissue-specific expression of Qa-2.
Genes, Microbes, and T Cells — New Therapeutic Targets in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Charles O Elson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

NOD2, a gene conferring susceptibility to Crohn's disease, has been identified on chromosome 16. Homozygosity for a mutation that truncates the gene increases the risk of Crohn's disease by a factor of 20 to 40. No such mutations have been found in patients with ulcerative colitis. NOD2 has a role in apoptosis and in the recognition of microbial endotoxins.
Abstract 3035: MicroRNA expression in early stage endometrial cancers
Authors: Gadisetti VR Chandramouli, Yutaka Shoji, Yovanni Casablanca, G Larry Maxwell, John I. Risinger
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The molecular signatures of endometrial cancers from whole genome gene expression studies are now available setting a stage to explore the key regulators involved in these cancers. Non-coding micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are functionally important regulators of numerous cellular processes affecting growth and dissemination and possibly possess prognostic significance for several cancer types. In a first step toward understanding the miRNA biology of endometrial cancers, we performed an unbiased characterization of about 667 unique human miRNAs in stage-1 endometrial cancers including 51 endometrioid (16 grade-1, 23 grade-2 and 12 grade-3) and 7 serous (grade-3) cancer types and 17 endometrial epithelial samples from healthy individuals. In total, there were 8 stage IA, 32 stage IB and 18 stage IC cancers. RNA was extracted from samples prepared by laser capture micro-dissection which contained minimal non-epithelial cells. TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDA) were used to quantitatively determine the expression levels of miRNAs (TaqMan® MicroRNA Arrays A and B from Applied Biosystems). Isolated RNA was transcribed into cDNA and used to quantitatively assess the expression of 768 miRNAs arrayed within the TLDA. The Ct-values were initially normalized by subtracting a reference Ct-value derived from multiple positive controls on the array. These ΔCt values were filtered to exclude the miRNAs that were not expressed in any of the arrays. Statistical calculations were performed on -ΔCt values. In summary, about 158 miRNAs were up or down regulated in cancers at least by four-fold (p&amp;lt;0.001) including many novel candidates for this cancer type. Notably, miR-183* was on average the most differentially over-expressed in both endometrioid and serous cancers compared to normal endometrium. The numbers of miRNAs and their statistical significance to distinguish the histological type, grade, and stage among cancers were found to be in decreasing order respectively. The putative mRNA targets of miRNAs were predicted using Targetscan v. 5.1. These predicted targets were further examined using gene expression data (Affymetrix Human Genome Plus 2.0) of the same RNAs. In conclusion, we identified numerous miRNAs that are disregulated in endometrial cancer. The potential of these miRNAs to define the biology of endometrial cancer is further discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3035.
Treatment of Corneal Abrasions-Reply
Authors: Laura L. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —In response to Drs Mindlin and Slawson regarding treatment of corneal abrasions, cycloplegia and semipressure patching for treatment of non—contact lens—related corneal abrasions has been the standard of care at Wilmer Eye Institute and is recommended by textbooks of ocular emergencies.<sup>1</sup>In our opinion, the possibility of confusing one cycloplegic agent with another is not reason enough not to use them as an effective medication. Two recent articles do suggest that the symptoms and signs of corneal abrasions can be effectively treated without patching.<sup>2,3</sup>
Frequency of Use and Predictors of Cancer-Directed Surgery in the Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in a Community-Based (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER]) Population
Authors: Raja M. Flores, Elyn Riedel, Jessica Scott Donington, William Alago, Ugonna Ihekweazu, Lee Krug, Kenneth Rosenzweig, Prasad S. Adusumilli, Michele Carbone, Harvey I. Pass
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Expression of ectopeptidases in scleroderma.
Authors: G Bou-Gharios, J Osman, A Atherton, P Monoghan, R Vancheeswaran, C Black, I Olsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVES--To examine the expression and concentrations of three ectopeptidases likely to be involved in regulating the functional levels of adhesion molecules and the turnover of connective tissue components, in patients with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) (SSc) and in normal individuals. METHODS--Monoclonal antibodies against these antigens were used for immunoperoxidase staining of cryostat skin sections and for flow cytometric (fluorescence activated cell sorter) analysis of cultured dermal fibroblasts grown from SSc patients and normal controls. RESULTS--Although neutral endopeptidase-24.11 (NEP) (CD10) was not detected in either SSc or normal skin, aminopeptidase N (APN) (CD13) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) (CD26) were both readily visualised. However, DPPIV appeared to be present in smaller concentrations in the SSc biopsy specimens. Moreover, while fibroblasts grown in vitro from both SSc and normal skin also had similar concentrations of APN, the expression of DPPIV in the cultured SSc cells was found to be very much less than that present in the normal fibroblasts. It is noteworthy that NEP, which was not detected in the tissue sections, was nevertheless readily detected in fibroblasts in culture. CONCLUSIONS--These results show that a number of cell surface proteases are expressed by dermal fibroblasts both in vivo and in vitro, and it is suggested that the marked downregulation of DPPIV in SSc could be at least partly responsible for the increased concentrations of adhesion molecules and matrix proteins associated with the molecular pathology of this disease.
Ecallantide for the Treatment of Acute Attacks in Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Marco Cicardi, Robyn J. Levy, Donald L. McNeil, H. Henry Li, Albert L. Sheffer, Marilyn Campion, Patrick T. Horn, William E. Pullman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Hereditary angioedema is a rare genetic disorder characterized by acute, intermittent, and potentially life-threatening attacks of edema of the skin and mucosa. We evaluated ecallantide, a newly developed recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor, for the treatment of acute attacks of angioedema.
Prevalence and Predictors of Abnormal Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise Testing Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jeffrey M. Curtis, Edward S. Horton, Judy Bahnson, Edward W. Gregg, John M. Jakicic, Judith G. Regensteiner, Paul M. Ribisl, Judith E. Soberman, Kerry J. Stewart, Mark A. Espeland
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE We examined maximal graded exercise test (GXT) results in 5,783 overweight/obese men and women, aged 45–76 years, with type 2 diabetes, who were entering the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study, to determine the prevalence and correlates of exercise-induced cardiac abnormalities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants underwent symptom-limited maximal GXTs. Questionnaires and physical examinations were used to determine demographic, anthropometric, metabolic, and health status predictors of abnormal GXT results, which were defined as an ST segment depression ≥1.0 mm, ventricular arrhythmia, angina pectoris, poor postexercise heart rate recovery (&amp;lt;22 bpm reduction 2 min after exercise), or maximal exercise capacity less than 5.0 METs. Systolic blood pressure response to exercise was examined as a continuous variable, without a threshold to define abnormality. RESULTS Exercise-induced abnormalities were present in 1,303 (22.5%) participants, of which 693 (12.0%) consisted of impaired exercise capacity. ST segment depression occurred in 440 (7.6%), abnormal heart rate recovery in 206 (5.0%), angina in 63 (1.1%), and arrhythmia in 41 (0.7%). Of potential predictors, only greater age was associated with increased prevalence of all abnormalities. Other predictors were associated with some, but not all, abnormalities. Systolic blood pressure response decreased with greater age, duration of diabetes, and history of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS We found a high rate of abnormal GXT results despite careful screening for cardiovascular disease symptoms. In this cohort of overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes, greater age most consistently predicted abnormal GXT. Long-term follow-up of these participants will show whether these abnormalities are clinically significant.
The Effect of Breast Cancer Diagnose on Cognitive Function.
Authors: E. Hedayati, A. Schedin, M. Albertsson, H. Nyman
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Women with breast cancer treatment complain about cognitive impairment. Previous studies indicate separately that receiving a breast cancer diagnosis has negative psychological impact and adjuvant treatment impairs cognitive functions. To investigate the impact on cognitive function is of great importance, since breast cancer is the most common cancer among women at working age in Sweden. We have started a longitudinal study to investigate if the effects of receiving a breast cancer diagnosis may affect cognitive functions. Materials and methods: The study is dimensioned for 148 subjects. The subjects were recruited consecutively and prospectively from the mammography-screening program at South Hospital, Stockholm. Those women who were recalled for further triple diagnosis assessment were invited to participate in our study. According to the results of the diagnostic process the patients were grouped in to: healthy women (n=69) and women with breast cancer (n=79). All participants were examined by a web-based battery of neuropsychological tests at inclusion (T1) and after diagnosis and subsequent surgery (T2). We measured four cognitive domains (Response speed, Processing speed, Memory and Attention). Results: Our results show that neither the healthy women nor patients with a recent breast cancer diagnosis with its subsequent surgery demonstrate any tendency toward a cognitive decline in any measured domains. The result did not differ significantly with regard to age, educational level or other demographic variables. Conclusions: The results may be interpreted to suggest that receiving a breast cancer diagnosis and/or surgery may not be associated to a substantial cognitive decline. Cognitive functions are not related with secondary depression and anxiety due to cancer diagnosis. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4091.
Improving Cardiovascular Health in a Rural Population
Authors: Darwin R. Labarthe, Jeremiah Stamler
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lack of allelic exclusion and isotype switching in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Yuta Katayama, Akira Sakai, Shinya Katsutani, Yasuo Takimoto, Akiro Kimura
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Two rearranged bands of the IgH gene were detected in a case with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL). The expressed VH gene was only VH1 with no somatic mutations in IgM and IgD. The expressions of Cμ, Cδ, and Cγ were detected by reverse transcription of RNA followed by the polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Sequence analysis of the CDR3 regions of each PCR reaction product showed that the sequence of one rearranged allele was identical to those of the expressed VH1 gene, Cμ and Cδ, and the sequence of another rearranged allele was identical to that of Cγ. However, none of the expressed VH genes was detected in IgG. These findings suggest that this is a case of B‐CLL lacking allelic exclusion and undergoing a class switch of one allele with the incomplete expression of the VH gene. Am. J. Hematol. 68:295–297, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic association analysis of the IGFBP7, ADAMTS3, and IL8 genes as the potential osteoarthritis susceptibility that maps to chromosome 4q
Authors: C Kawahara
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objectives:</b> To determine by genetic association analysis whether the 4q functional candidate genes IGFBP7, ADAMTS3, and IL8 might encode for susceptibility to osteoarthritis (OA). <b>Methods:</b> Expression of IGFBP7, ADAMTS3, and IL8 in adult OA articular cartilage chondrocytes was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The genes were screened for common polymorphic DNA variants by direct sequencing of exons, intron-exon boundaries, and the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions. The variants were genotyped in the female probands from the 146 families which each contained two or more sisters who had undergone total hip replacement (THR) and in 375 female controls matched for age. Variants showing evidence for association were subsequently genotyped in 244 female-THR patients with OA. Allele frequencies between the probands (or patients) and the controls were compared by χ<sup>2</sup> analysis. <b>Results:</b> Fourteen common variants were identified in the three genes. An ADAMTS3 single nucleotide polymorphism was associated in the probands (p = 0.015) and an ADAMTS3 insertion/deletion approached significance (p = 0.059). However, neither variant was associated in the additional 244 patients with hip OA, with p values of 0.12 and 0.19, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> The analysis implies that the chromosome 4q female hip OA susceptibility is not coded for by polymorphism within the functional candidates IGFBP7, ADAMTS3, or IL8.
Parallel Evolution of Adaptive Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum Mitochondrial DNA During Atovaquone-Proguanil Treatment
Authors: L. Musset, J. Le Bras, J. Clain
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Here we provide direct evidence that two adaptive nucleotide changes in the same codon (268) of the cytochrome b gene (pfcytb) each occurred repeatedly in independent Plasmodium falciparum lineages exposed to the antimalarial drug atovaquone-proguanil (AP). We analyzed the history of 7 AP resistance alleles from clinical isolates by sequencing the mitochondrial (mt) genome that encodes the pfcytb gene and found that a distinct mt haplotype was associated with each AP resistance allele. By comparing mt sequences and microsatellite genotypes of the isolates both before treatment initiation and at the day of failure for each uncured patient, we observed that the AP resistance alleles occurred and spread within the patients. These data demonstrate that identical AP resistance alleles have multiple independent origins and provide an example of parallel evolution driven by drug treatment selection in P. falciparum.
Molecular target therapy – towards curative regimen: a 20-year experience in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in the Shanghai Institute of Hematology
Authors: Zhi-Xiang Shen
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2009)

Synergistic effect of ATRA and As 2 O 3 was confirmed by several research works in vivo and in vitro.The first clinical trial was completed by SIH in 2001.CR rate was same from Current trends in leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma White Plains, NY, USA.
Meyer Friedman: type A behavior cardiovascular research continues
Authors: Nancy Yanes Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The A. he small office of Meyer Friedman, MD, in the Harold Brunn Institute at San Francisco's Mt Zion Medical Center is cluttered with new additions to his rare medical book collection, photographs of people and places, a 1982 calendar, three worn briefcases bulging with work, and videotape cassettes of type A subjects. Taking a cup of decaffeinated coffee from the thermos on his desk, Friedman settles his small frame into a battered black leather desk chair and declares: "My most controversial medical contribution remains the indictment of type A behavior as a coronary risk factor. Many doctors still are reluctant to believe time urgency and free-floating hostility are killers." <b>Q</b>: Even now? A quarter of a century after you and R. H. Rosenman, MD, published the first of your type A articles in<i>JAMA</i>(1959;169:1286-1296)? <b>Friedman</b>: "Even now. To recognize the type A behavior as a disease, you must
Clearance rates of circulating and tissue-bound autoantibodies to type VII collagen in experimental epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Authors: M. Kasperkiewicz, M. Hirose, A. Recke, E. Schmidt, D. Zillikens, R.J. Ludwig
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a severe autoimmune skin disease characterized by autoantibodies to type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils. In this and other autoimmune bullous dermatoses, specific autoantibody detection systems are not only of diagnostic use but also allow monitoring of circulating and skin-bound autoantibodies during the course of the disease. However, little is known about their natural clearance rates in these different compartments.To study clearance rates of circulating and tissue-bound autoantibodies to type VII collagen in experimental EBA.Using offspring from mice with experimentally induced EBA, we examined retention times of diaplacentally transmitted autoantibodies to type VII collagen in serum of neonatal mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and of immunoreactant deposits in skin by direct immunofluorescence microscopy. Additionally, the pathogenic potential of transmitted autoantibodies was evaluated in descendant mice.Immediately after birth, comparable levels of pathogenic antibody concentrations were observed in maternal and neonatal mice. The clearance time of skin-bound autoantibodies was twice as long as that of circulating autoantibodies (8 and 4 weeks, respectively). Maternofetal transfer of pathogenic autoantibodies produced specific immunopathological (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a/b and complement C3 deposits) but not histological or clinical alterations in skin of offspring mice.Although still to be confirmed in humans, our findings add to the knowledge on turnover rates of circulating and skin-bound autoantibodies in autoimmune bullous dermatoses, which in turn may facilitate a more specific monitoring of these antibodies during the disease course, reduce the need for repeated skin biopsies, and may also be helpful in guiding treatment decisions.
Hair fragment in the skin resembling larva migrans
Authors: EERO A. LEHMUSKALLIO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Hair fragments penetrating the skin may produce a variety of different clinical pictures (Scott, 1957). One of the most peculiar of these resembles larva migrans (Yaffee, 1957; Schamberg, Park & Strauss, 1961; Ronchese, 1962).