tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemopoietic colony-forming cells in umbilical cord blood with extensive capability to generate mono- and multipotential hemopoietic progenitors.
Authors: T Nakahata, M Ogawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We report identification of a unique class of human hemopoietic colony-forming cells with extensive ability to generate progenitors for secondary colonies. Mononuclear cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood formed colonies consisting of 40-500 blast cells after 25 d of incubation in methylcellulose culture in the presence of erythropoietin and medium conditioned by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocytes. Replating of these blast cell colonies revealed that 100% of the primary colonies had the ability to generate secondary colonies, including multipotential colonies. These colonies could be distinguished from other hemopoietic colonies in situ by the complete absence of signs of terminal differentiation. Replating of granulocyte-erythrocyte-macrophage-megakaryocyte (GEMM) colonies, consisting of an average of 2 x 10(4) cells, revealed less capacity for secondary colony formation. This human blast cell colony assay may provide a method for quantitation of more primitive hemopoietic stem cells than progenitors for GEMM colonies (CFU-GEMM) in man.
Pathologic Changes in the Small Bowel in Nine Patients with Diarrhea Associated with a Coccidia-like Body
Authors: Bradley A. Connor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To confirm a suspected small-bowel injury in patients with a syndrome of protracted diarrhea associated with a coccidia-like body (CLB). Design: Investigation of an epidemic including a case–control study. Setting: Outpatient clinic in Kathmandu serving primarily the tourist and expatriate community in Nepal. Patients: Nine patients with diarrhea with at least one stool specimen that was positive for the presence of a CLB and seven noninfected volunteer controls. Measurements: Clinical data, microscopic examination of stool, bacteriologic and viral studies on submitted stool specimens, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy including duodenal aspiration and microscopy, small-bowel biopsy with subsequent light and electron microscopy. Results: Endoscopic evidence of inflammation of the distal duodenum was present in five of nine patients with CLB and in none of the seven controls. All nine patients with CLB were noted to have histologic evidence of small-bowel injury, which included acute and chronic inflammation, surface epithelial disarray, and varying degrees of villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia. One of the seven controls had similar pathologic findings and developed CLB-related diarrhea 5 days later. The other controls had normal distal duodenal histologic results. The organism was found in two of nine duodenal aspirates but was not present in the preserved biopsy specimens as determined by light or electron microscopy. Conclusions: The pathologic basis of CLB-associated diarrhea appears to be small-bowel injury whose cause remains to be elucidated.
Souls do not live by cognitive inclinations alone, but by the desire to exist beyond death as well
Authors: Jeff Greenberg, Daniel Sullivan, Spee Kosloff, Sheldon Solomon
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Bering's analysis is inadequate because it fails to consider past and present adult soul beliefs and the psychological functions they serve. We suggest that a valid folk psychology of souls must consider features of adult soul beliefs, the unique problem engendered by awareness of death, and terror management findings, in addition to cognitive inclinations toward dualistic and teleological thinking.
TCT-420 Major Vascular Complication And Its Management After Complete Percutaneous Arterial Access And Closure In Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Mamoo Nakamura, Tarun Chakravarty, Hasan Jilaihawi, Niraj Doctor, Suhail Dohad, Greg Fontana, Wen Cheng, Raj Makkar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
DEVELOPMENT OF TETANUS ANTITOXIN FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF TETANUS TOXOID
Authors: P. A. T. SNEATH
Journal: JAMA (1934)

This communication records the development of tetanus antitoxin in twenty-nine persons following the administration of tetanus formaldehyde toxoid. It will be appreciated that the number submitting to immunization in any one laboratory is much more limited than is the case with diphtheria toxoid, so that an adequate evaluation of tetanus toxoid can be made only by the combined experience from many places. The twenty-nine individuals were adults, two of whom (subjects 5 and 17 in the table) had had a primary stimulus of tetanus toxoid some years previously. The blood of each was tested for tetanus antitoxin before the toxoid was given. Although the testing was carried down to a level of 0.001 unit, only subject 17, who had had a previous stimulus, showed any antitoxin, 0.004 unit, no trace of antitoxin being evident in the other serums. Two lots of toxoid were used. One, given to patients 1 to
Anorexia Nervosa and Acanthocytosis-Reply
Authors: Philip C. Amrein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Silverman and Wolff challenge the statement in our article that acanthocytosis is a feature of anorexia nervosa and state that none of their 88 cases were found to have acanthocytosis. On review of the literature referenced in our article, seven patients with anorexia nervosa and acanthocytosis were described.<sup>1,2</sup>In addition, we have subsequently seen a second case of anorexia nervosa with acanthocytosis. We are convinced that acanthocytosis is associated with some cases of anorexia nervosa. Mant and Faragher<sup>2</sup>state that acanthocytosis is transient and disappears after therapy is started. Perhaps the failure to report the finding in the series by Silverman and Wolff is due to the presence of mild disease or ongoing treatment.
A trip to the theatre
Authors: J. Hollis-Triantafillou
Journal: BMJ (1994)

We always make decisions at the very last minute, and from observations among friends it seems that many other doctors do the same. Maybe it's an attempt to thwart fate—we all know that there's no surer guarantee of a record attendance at evening surgery than a fixed-time social appointment for that same evening.

This time there was no such excuse. It was a scorching August weekend, none of the doctors among us were on call, and after a hard working week there was nothing I wanted to do more than collapse by the sea. However, we had cultural obligations in the form of a longstanding promise to our goddaughters to take them to the theatre, and Saturday's much advertised production of Euripides's Hecabe, with a famous tragic actress in the leading role, seemed an ideal opportunity to fulfil this. There was another, more personal reason: my husband had attended the same actress briefly on one occasion when she had been slightly indisposed, had taken her blood pressure, held her hand, chatted for a few minutes, and fallen forever captive to her charm. Optimistically, he was sure we could combine both objectives despite the fact that over 250 kilometres separated the cottage by the sea from the site of the ancient theatre at Epidauros. He had heard of a new route which avoided well …
Successful long‐term control with lamivudine against reactivated hepatitis B infection following intensive chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: Experience of 2 cases
Authors: Masashi Nakagawa, Yoshifumi Simizu, Masaki Suemura, Bunzo Sato
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract It is well documented that cytotoxic treatment in patients carrying the hepatitis B virus (HBV) enhances the risk of severe hepatic damage. Recently lamivudine has been reported to be effective in suppressing the replication of HBV under such conditions. Here we report two cases with HBV carrier status and with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma who were successfully treated with high‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with the administration of lamivudine to prevent HBV flare‐up. The antiviral effect of lamivudine was fair, and no objective side effect was experienced during the transplant procedure. Both patients were followed carefully for more than a year without the appearance of the resistant virus. The rebound phenomenon in which HBV proliferates abruptly has not been experienced after withdrawal of lamivudine. We suggest that lamivudine is indicated both in the treatment of HBV viremia and in the prevention of proliferation of HBV in patients with HBV carrier status undergoing high‐dose myeloablative chemotherapy. Am. J. Hematol. 70:60–63, 2002.
Symbiosis in Adulthood
Authors: DAVID A. SHAPIRO
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The author describes a symbiotic syndrome in adults that, although similar to the syndrome in children, has some distinguishing features. He cites four case examples. He believes it is useful to be precise in distinguishing symbiosis from other chronic psychotic and borderline states because of specific differences in therapy. Without such a distinction, therapy is often frustrating and even dangerous.
Quantification of Left Heart Volume and Systolic Output in Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: THOMAS P. GRAHAM, JAY M. JARMAKANI, RAMON V. CANENT, PAUL H. JEWETT
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Left heart volume and output were calculated by using cineangiocardiograms from 64 studies in 44 patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). The majority of patients who had an intact ventricular septum and were less than 6 months of age showed normal end-diastolic volumes (LVEDV) and systolic output (LVSO), while patients in this hemodynamic group more than 6 months of age had elevated volumes and outputs. The presence of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was associated with an increase in LVEDV and LVSO. Patients with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and no pulmonary stenosis (PS) had increased volumes and outputs with the average values for LVEDV and LVSO significantly greater for the VSD group than for the intact-septum group. Patients with a VSD and PS showed normal values for LVEDV and LVSO. The ejection fraction was normal in all patients. Left atrial maximal volume (LAMax) was normal in the majority of patients with an intact ventricular septum and no PDA, but was increased in patients with a VSD and no PS. The values for LVEDV, LVSO, and LAMax showed little or no change following balloon atrial septostomy in the majority of patients. Four patients studied before and after corrective surgery demonstrated decreases in LVEDV and LVSO to normal values following successful interatrial venous transposition. Left heart volume variables derived from cineangiocardiograms can aid considerably in hemodynamic evaluation of patients and in estimation of pulmonary blood flow.
The Prospective Payment System: A Civic Good, Not a Civil War
Authors: Fred Haruda
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The series of articles by the RAND Corporation authors<sup>1-8</sup>is very provocative. However, I do not agree with conclusions reached by LoGerfo<sup>9</sup>in his editorial. Wilensky<sup>10</sup>stated that there were 11.7 million Medicare admissions in 1983 during the period that Keeler et al<sup>3</sup>found that the 180-day mortality rate was 28.5%. Wilensky then stated that the Medicare admission rate was 10.4 million in the fiscal year of 1989, when Keeler's post— prospective payment death rate was 30.1%, a 1.6 percentage point increase. This translates into 166 400 more patient deaths per year for the same 10.4 million admissions after the institution of prospective payment, compared with deaths before the institution of this system. These numbers appear to show that the diagnosis related group (DRG)-based system has resulted in 166 400 deaths that would not have occurred had these same 10.4 million people
Beneficial Effects of Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibition in Pulmonary Hypertension Are Influenced by Natriuretic Peptide Activity
Authors: Lan Zhao, Nicola A. Mason, Julian W. Strange, Hamish Walker, Martin R. Wilkins
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors (eg, sildenafil) are a novel, orally active approach to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. The role of natriuretic peptides in the response to sildenafil was examined in mice lacking NPR-A, a guanylyl cyclase-linked natriuretic peptide receptor, in which pulmonary hypertension was induced by hypoxia. Methods and Results— Mice homozygous for NPR-A ( NPR-A +/+ ) and null mutants ( NPR-A −/− ) were studied. Sildenafil inhibited the pressor response to acute hypoxia in the isolated perfused lungs of both genotypes. This effect was greater in the presence of atrial natriuretic peptide in the perfusate in NPR-A +/+ mice but not NPR-A −/− animals. In vivo, NPR-A mutants had higher basal right ventricular (RV) systolic pressures (RVSPs) than did NPR-A +/+ mice, and this was not affected by 3 weeks of treatment with sildenafil (25 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ). Both genotypes exhibited a rise in RVSP and RV weight with chronic hypoxia (10% O 2 for 21 days); RVSP and RV weight were reduced by continuous sildenafil administration in NPR-A +/+ mice, but only RVSP showed evidence of a response to the drug in NPR-A −/− mice. The effect of sildenafil on hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular muscularization and cyclic GMP levels was also blunted in NPR-A −/− mice. Conclusions— The natriuretic peptide pathway influences the response to PDE5 inhibition in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, particularly its effects on RV hypertrophy and vascular remodeling.
CARBON DIOXIDE INHALATION
Authors: Harry C. Leavitt
Journal: JAMA (1953)

To the Editor:—  In addition to other aspects, Dr. Temple Fay discussed basic mechanisms of the therapeutic procedure described in his survey Twenty Per Cent Carbon Dioxide Inhalation in Muscular Rigidity ( J. A. M. A.  152 :1623 [Aug. 22] 1953). While frankly conjectural as to precise details, he felt that whatever effect it has must be secondary to some profound change in cellular function, caused either directly or indirectly by the gas itself.  Although various types of metabolic neurodynamic mechanisms are hypothesized, no mention is made of possible psychogenic factors that may explain the improvement sustained... in certain types of disease for periods exceeding three years, when fortified by the appropriate physical therapeutic measures now available. It is pointed out that the therapeutic procedure is of little value in patients in whom relaxation while asleep does not reveal a decrease or disappearance of certain rigidities and tremors. This prerequisite for
Onycholysis and subungual haemorrhages in a patient with hand, foot and mouth disease
Authors: G. Abramovici, N. Keoprasom, C.Y. Winslow, A. Tosti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Onycholysis and subungual haemorrhages in a patient with hand, foot and mouth disease Get access G. Abramovici, G. Abramovici Department of Dermatology Northwestern University Chicago IL U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Keoprasom, N. Keoprasom Department of Dermatology Bangkok Hospital Bangkok Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.Y. Winslow, C.Y. Winslow Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Tosti A. Tosti Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL U.S.A Correspondence: Antonella Tosti. E‐mail: atosti@med.miami.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 3, 1 March 2014, Pages 748–749, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12689 Published: 01 March 2014
ON THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS.Read before the Kings County Medical Association, April 12, 1892.
Authors: H. C. RIGGS
Journal: JAMA (1892)

In commencing on this subject a writer in the<i>Lancet</i>recently remarked: "Diabetes is a disease full of interest, owing in great part to the lacunœ that still exist in our knowledge of its essential nature." He is most certainly right in thus assigning imperfection and uncertainty of information as the reason for medical and scientific interest in this matter. Mooted questions are always those about which medical contest is sharpest and medical interest is keenest, while settled facts are left to stand as landmarks of progress, or as foundations for new structures of experiment and theory. It is emphatically true that as regards the causes underlying the symptoms classed together under the term diabetes, the "lacunœ" are abnormally large and the interstitial substance of fact is uncomfortably thin. Numberless theories of causation have been advanced, and probably will continue to be until a satisfactory etiology is established. But whether
In persons at average risk, stool DNA tests had higher sensitivity than FIT for detecting colorectal cancer
Authors: Richard M. Hoffman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

ACP Journal Club15 July 2014In persons at average risk, stool DNA tests had higher sensitivity than FIT for detecting colorectal cancerRichard M. Hoffman, MD, MPHRichard M. Hoffman, MD, MPHUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (R.M.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-161-2-201407150-02010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationImperiale TF, Ransohoff DF, Itzkowitz SH, et al. Multitarget stool DNA testing for colorectal-cancer screening. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1287-97. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24645800Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Gastroenterology: References1 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for colorectal cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:627-37. [PMID: 18838716]. Google Scholar2 Pickhardt PJ, Hassan C, Halligan S, Marmo R. Colorectal cancer: CT colonography and colonoscopy for detection–systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiology. 2011;259:393-405. [PMID: 21415247] Google Scholar3 Ouyang DL, Chen JJ, Getzenberg RH, Schoen RE. Noninvasive testing for colorectal cancer: a review. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100:1393-403. [PMID: 15929776] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (R.M.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 July 2014. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byScreening for colorectal cancer 15 July 2014Volume 161, Issue 2Page: JC10KeywordsAdenomasColonoscopyColorectal cancerDNAGenetic testingHematologic testsHemoglobinLesionsSpecificity ePublished: 15 July 2014 Issue Published: 15 July 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Rab3D, a small GTP–binding protein implicated in regulated secretion, is associated with the transcytotic pathway in rat hepatocytes
Authors: Janet M. Larkin, Bonnie Woo, Vijayan Balan, David L. Marks, Barbara J. Oswald, Nicholas F. LaRusso, Mark A. McNiven
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Rab3 isotypes are expressed in regulated secretory cells. Here, we report that rab3D is also expressed in rat hepatocytes, classic models for constitutive secretion. Using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers specific for rat rab3D, we amplified a 151 base pair rab3D fragment from total RNA extracted from primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Immunoblot analysis using polyclonal antibodies to peptides representing the N- and C-terminal hypervariable regions of murine rab3D recognized a protein of ˜25 kd in hepatocyte lysates, hepatic subcellular fractions, and tissue extracts. The distribution of rab3D was primarily cytosolic; however, only membrane-associated rab3D significantly bound guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in overlay assays. Several lines of investigation indicate that rab3D is associated with the transcytotic pathway. First, rab3D was enriched in a crude vesicle carrier fraction (CVCF), which includes transcytotic carriers. Vesicular compartments immunoisolated from the CVCF on magnetic beads coated with anti-rab3D antibody were enriched in the transcytosed form of the polymeric IgA receptor (pIgA-R), but lacked not only the pIgA-R precursor form associated with the secretory pathway, but also a Golgi marker protein. Second, indirect immunofluorescence on frozen liver sections and in polarized cultured hepatocytes localized rab3D-positive sites at or near the apical plasma membrane and to the pericanalicular cytoplasm. Finally, cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL), a manipulation known to slow transcytosis, caused rab3D to accumulate in the pericanalicular cytoplasm of cholestatic hepatocytes. Our results indicate that rab3D plays a role in the regulation of apically directed transcytosis in rat hepatocytes.
TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN BLOOD
Authors: Arthur Karmen, Felix Wróblewski, John S. LaDue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

Enzymatic transamination consists of the en- zyme catalyzed reversible transfer of the alpha amino nitrogen of an amino acid to an alpha-keto acid with the synthesis of a second amino acid and a second alpha-keto acid.Enzymes catalyzing different transamination reactions are found widely distributed in animal tissues and have been shown to change in activity in some tissues during dis- ease (1-3).These observations prompted the present study to determine if transaminase ac- tivity could be demonstrated in human serum and blood cellular elements and, if so, to study any variations in activity of this enzyme in the blood of normal and diseased man. METHODS AND MATERIALSThe two transaminases found most active in animal tissues are:1. "Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase" Aspartate + alpha-keto glutarate = glutamate + oxalacetate 2. "Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase"Alanine + alpha-keto glutarate = glutamate + py- ruvate
Overall Survival and Post-Progression Survival in Advanced Breast Cancer: A Review of Recent Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Everardo D. Saad, Artur Katz, Marc Buyse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

With the availability of several lines of therapy, overall survival (OS) has been progressively substituted by progression-free survival (PFS) and other tumor-based assessments as the primary efficacy end point in advanced breast cancer trials. We investigated the frequency and determinants of OS gain in the recent literature and the duration of post-progression survival (PPS) according to treatment type and line. We used PubMed to search for phase III trials on systemic antineoplastic therapies published between January 1998 and December 2007 in 11 leading journals. The primary end point was the one stated explicitly, used for N calculation, or listed first. Significant gain was considered as reported P < .05 for superiority trials or proven non-inferiority or equivalence otherwise. We retrieved 76 trials, and gain in OS was reported in 15 cases (19.7%). The median gain in OS was 4.7 months, and such gain was more frequent when there was significant gain in PFS and in second-line and third-line trials. The average median OS was 20.7 months in trials assessing first-line chemotherapy and 31.1 months with first-line hormone therapy. The median proportion of OS accounted for by PPS was significantly longer in hormone therapy trials than in chemotherapy trials, but varied little across treatment lines. A statistically significant gain in OS has been reported in about one in five recent phase III trials in advanced breast cancer, despite the fact that OS has seldom been used as the primary end point. PPS represents nearly two thirds of patient survival after on-trial disease progression.