tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Death Certificate Completion by Physicians
Authors: Charles V. Wetli
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The study by Drs Messite and Stellman<sup>1</sup>emphasized the inaccuracies of death certification and attributes these partly to the lack of adequate training of physicians. However, a more serious flaw in the system was also evident in their study: the very format of the death certificate encourages physicians to list mechanisms of death instead of a cause of death. <h3>Requirements for Letters</h3> Letters will be published at the discretion of the editors as space permits and are subject to editing and abridgment. Letters will be considered if they are typewritten double-spaced and do not exceed 500 words of text and 5 references. Please include a word count. Letters discussing a recent<i>JAMA</i>article should be received within 4 weeks of the article's publication. Letters must not duplicate other material published or submitted for publication. A signed statement for authorship criteria and responsibility, financial disclosure, copyright transfer, and acknowledgment is
Non–English-Language Proficiency of Applicants to US Residency Programs
Authors: Lisa Diamond, Douglas Grbic, Margaux Genoff, Javier Gonzalez, Ravi Sharaf, Collins Mikesell, Francesca Gany
Journal: JAMA (2014)

More than 25 million US residents have limited English proficiency, an 80% increase from 1990 to 2010.1 Limited English proficiency (LEP) may impede participation in the English-language–dominant health care system.2 Little is known about the non–English-language skills of physicians in training. This study characterizes the language diversity of all US residency applicants through the Electronic Residency Application Service and contrasts applicant language skills with the predominant languages of the US population with LEP.
Big subjects: education and obesity
Authors: J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We might look back on the 2000s and see them as the time when medical education really did begin to lose its dependence on drug company funding. A cluster of articles in this week’s issue suggests a groundswell of change from around the world.

In the United States the Macy report, published earlier this year, recommends that organisations providing accredited continuing medical education should stop receiving funds from drug and device companies. Suzanne Fletcher, who chaired the committee that wrote the report, acknowledges that this process will probably take several years and “will also take professional leadership” (doi: 10.1136/bmj.a1023). Although the recommendation was made on ethical grounds, she …
Value of Mammary Thermography in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: B. E. Nathan, J. I. Burn, D. P. MacErlean
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Thermographic examinations of the breasts were carried out in 359 women, most of whom had mammary symptoms. Of the 195 patients with abnormal thermograms, 27 had cancer of the breast, 53 had benign lesions, and 115 had no confirmed organic disease. The incidence of false-positive thermograms was 59%. Of the 164 patients with normal thermograms, 116 had no confirmed organic disease, 41 had benign lesions, and 7 had cancer. The incidence of false-negative mammary thermograms was 29%.We conclude that mammary thermography is of no practical value in the differential diagnosis of symptomatic mammary disease.
THE EFFECT OF METRAZOL ADMINISTRATION ON PROLONGED REFUSAL OF FOOD IN THE PSYCHOSES
Authors: SERGE ANDROP
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1940)

1. Four cases are presented in which metrazol therapy was successful in inducing a resumption of eating after prolonged refusal of food. 2. Fear, anxiety and apprehension play a determining role in the treatment with metrazol of obstinate refusal of food in the psychoses.
Effect of current exposure to Der p 1 on asthma symptoms, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mite‐allergic asthmatics
Authors: M. J. Alvarez, J. M. Olaguibel, S. Acero, B. E. García, A. I. Tabar, E. Urbiola
Journal: Allergy (2000)

The existence of a dose‐response relationship between indoor allergen exposure and sensitization has been widely described, but the effect of allergen exposure on asthma activity (symptoms, bronchial hyperresponsiveness [BHR], and inflammation) is not clear. Our aim was to determine the existence of an association among current exposure to mite allergens and symptoms, BHR, and airway inflammation assessed in blood and sputum from asthmatic patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus . We selected 31 mild and recently diagnosed (12–24 months) asthma patients sensitized to D. pteronyssinus . Allergenic exposure (Der p 1, Der 2) was assessed by a commercial assay based on monoclonal antibodies (mAb), carried out on the dust samples collected from patients' beds in a standardized way. Patients completed an asthma symptom questionnaire and underwent skin tests, methacholine bronchial challenge, and sputum induction. Sputum cell profile was analyzed and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), tryptase, albumin, and interleukin(IL)‐5 levels were quantified in sputum supernatant. Total eosinophil numbers and ECP levels were measured in blood samples. Most patients were exposed to Der p 1 levels under 2 μg/g of dust. Der p 1 exposure was higher among the subjects with positive sputum tryptase detection ( P =0.020). Der p 1 levels showed a trend toward correlation with asthma symptoms ( P =0.066, r =0.36) and correlated with sputum tryptase levels ( P =0.032, r =0.42). No relationship between BHR, eosinophilic inflammation, and allergenic exposure was found. Our results suggest that asthma symptoms and lung mast‐cell activation are at least partially dependent on current allergen exposure. The lack of correlation between mite exposure, eosinophilic inflammation, and BHR supports the role of other factors that enhance the immunologic response initiated by allergen, increasing the activity of asthma.
Temporal Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and the Pubertal Decline in Physical Activity in Peripubertal Hispanic and African American Females
Authors: Donna Spruijt-Metz, Britni R. Belcher, Ya-Wen Hsu, Arianna D. McClain, Chih-Ping Chou, Selena Nguyen-Rodriguez, Marc J. Weigensberg, Michael I. Goran
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Little attention has been paid to possible intrinsic biological mechanisms for the decline in physical activity that occurs during puberty. This longitudinal observational study examined the association between baseline insulin sensitivity (SI) and declines in physical activity and increases in sedentary behavior in peripubertal minority females over a year.
THREE CLINICAL TYPES OF RINGWORM DUE TO TRICHOPHYTON GYPSEUM.*
Authors: Eleanor Silver Dowding, Harold ORR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1937)

Journal Article THREE CLINICAL TYPES OF RINGWORM DUE TO TRICHOPHYTON GYPSEUM. Get access Eleanor Silver Dowding, PH.D., Eleanor Silver Dowding, PH.D. Edmonton, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harold ORR, O.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.P.(C.). Harold ORR, O.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.P.(C.). Edmonton, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 49, Issue 7, 1 July 1937, Pages 298–307, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1937.tb10455.x Published: 01 July 1937
Systolic-Time Intervals
Authors: Arnold M. Weissler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Despite the early introduction of the measurement of the phases of the cardiac cycle, their clinical application received little attention until recent years. In large part, this delay can be attributed to the fact that the physiologic implications of the systolic-time intervals could not be validated until comparisons with direct measures of cardiac function could be made. It was only in the modern era of clinical physiology, when the technics of cardiac catheterization and ventriculography became clinically available, that the importance of these measurements could be appreciated. On the basis of studies in recent years, a new understanding of the . . .
Eugene A. Stead, Jr.: A Biographical Note
Authors: PAUL B. BEESON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Article1 November 1968Eugene A. Stead, Jr.: A Biographical NotePAUL B. BEESON, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.R.C.P.PAUL B. BEESON, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-69-5-986 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is my pleasant assignment in this Symposium in Dr. Stead's honor to say something about the man to whom we, his friends and former pupils, are paying tribute.I first became acquainted with Gene Stead in 1939 at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital where he was a Research Fellow in the Department of Medicine. Before that, he had spent his boyhood in Atlanta and had studied medicine at Emory. After internships in both medicine and surgery at the Brigham he had gone to the Thorndike Laboratories as Research Fellow, then to the Cincinnati General Hospital where he was chief...References1. BRANNONWEENSWARREN ESHSJV: Atrial septal defect. Study of hemodynamics by the technique of right heart catheterization. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 210: 480, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. WARRENSTEAD JVEA: Fluid dynamics in congestive heart failure. Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 73: 138, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SMITH HW: The Kidney. Structure and Function in Health and Disease. Oxford University Press, New York, 1951, p. 668. Google Scholar4. BURWELLDEXTER CSL: Beri-beri heart disease. Trans. Ass. Amer. Phys. 60: 61, 1947. Google Scholar5. STEAD EA: Presidential address. J. Clin. Invest. 32: 548, 1953. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oxford, EnglandFrom the Department of Nuffield Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Paul B. Beeson, M.D., Nuffield Radcliffe Infirmary, Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford, England. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1968Volume 69, Issue 5Page: 986-990KeywordsHospital medicineResearch laboratoriesSurgery Issue Published: 1 November 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Avoiding Errors in Radiology: Case-Based Analysis of Causes and Preventive Strategies
Authors: Leonard Berlin
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug resistant tuberculosis
Authors: B. I Duerden
Journal: BMJ (1995)

does not have an official policy on vaccination but considers it important that concerned parents should have access to full information on efficacy and adverse effects so that they can make an informed decision.A detailed search of the many papers published on this subject yields many short term studies but few comparing vaccinated and non-vaccinated populations over the longer term, such as that reported by Odent et al.2The society receives many requests for information on vaccination from members of the public.The article by Moskowitz, an American paediatrician, cited by Simpson and colleagues is one of several listed in a leaflet published recently by the society in response to these requests.3Among others
Electron microscopy of the sweat glands from the hairy skin of the beagle
Authors: D.W.K. COTTON, P.VAN HASSELT, A.M.S. BERGERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article Electron microscopy of the sweat glands from the hairy skin of the beagle Get access D.W.K. COTTON, D.W.K. COTTON Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.VAN HASSELT, P.VAN HASSELT Department of General Neurophysiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M.S. BERGERS A.M.S. BERGERS Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue 3, 1 September 1975, Pages 348–349, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06503.x Published: 01 September 1975
Agonist trigger in the context of OHSS prevention: primum non nocere
Authors: Shahar Kol
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2006)

Agonist trigger in the context of OHSS prevention: primum non nocereSir, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a pure iatrogenic complication of assisted reproduction technique (ART), affecting young healthy women seeking fertility.According to a WHO report (Hugues, 2001) this syndrome is responsible to 1 death for every 50 000 treatment cycles, whereas the incidence of severe OHSS is 1%.I assume we all agree that we must thrive to ensure patient safety first, clinical outcome (pregnancy) later.Consequently, a reliable means for OHSS prevention is badly needed.GnRH agonist trigger instead of HCG was introduced in the early 1990s (Itskovitz et al., 1991) as a means to prevent OHSS, even in extreme ovarian response.However, before the GnRH antagonist's era, agonist trigger was not a viable clinical option.Six years ago the first case-series publication brought this option back to light (Itskovitz-Eldor et al., 2000).Patients at extreme OHSS risk were triggered with GnRH agonist, with complete prevention of OHSS.Fauser et al. (2002) established the fact that the GnRH antagonist-induced competitive inhibition of the pituitary receptors is reversible with agonist trigger.However, hyperresponders were excluded from that study.Clinical outcome with agonists trigger was comparable with that after HCG trigger.These publications set the ground for adopting agonist trigger in GnRH antagonist-based stimulation protocols, if a patient hyper-responds, a move that could have eradicated clinically significant OHSS.Unfortunately, in the era of 'evidence-based medicine', the fantastic power of agonist trigger to prevent OHSS is its weakness.Can we randomize patients with extreme ovarian response to the HCG arm?Since a prospective randomized HCG-controlled study with OHSS high-risk patients is problematic to perform, research in the field took an unexpected switch: agonist trigger in normal responders.From the practical point of view, there is really no need for an HCG-substitute in the normal responder; however, ethical review boards will not object to such study.Indeed, two additional studies were performed along this line (Humaidan et al., 2005;Kolibianakis et al., 2005), quickly followed by a 'systematic review and meta-analysis' by Griesinger et al. (2005).The indication for GnRH agonist trigger is indeed mentioned in the Introduction: '... as a measure to prevent OHSS'; however, the review itself
Possible involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein in hepatocyte growth factor-induced signal transduction in cultured rat hepatocytes: Pertussis toxin treatment inhibits activation of phospholipid signaling, calcium oscillation, and mitogen-activated protein kinase
Authors: T Adachi, S Nakashima, S Saji, T Nakamura, Y Nozawa
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Treatment of primary cultured rat hepatocytes with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gives rise to inositol phosphate formation, cytosolic calcium oscillation, activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and phospholipase D (PLD), and arachidonic acid release, leading to DNA synthesis. Pretreatment of cultured hepatocytes with pertussis toxin (PT), which is known to adenosine diphosphate-ribosylate Gi and Go guanine nucleotide -binding proteins and to inhibit their functions, partially inhibited HGF-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that HGF-mediated DNA synthesis of hepatocytes is partly regulated via PT-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding protein. Therefore, the effects of PT treatment on HGF-induced signal-transduction pathways were investigated. HGF-induced MAP kinase activation and arachidonic acid release were decreased by PT treatment, whereas PLD activation was diminished by PT to the level of unstimulated control. PT also interfered with HGF-induced inositol phosphate formation and cytosolic calcium oscillation. These results suggest that both PT-sensitive and PT-insensitive pathways are involved in HGF-induced signaling.
Application of Geographic Modeling Techniques to Quantify Spatial Access to Health Services Before and After an Acute Cardiac Event
Authors: Robyn A. Clark, Neil Coffee, Dorothy Turner, Kerena A. Eckert, Deborah van Gaans, David Wilkinson, Simon Stewart, Andrew M. Tonkin
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Access to cardiac services is essential for appropriate implementation of evidence-based therapies to improve outcomes. The Cardiac Accessibility and Remoteness Index for Australia (Cardiac ARIA) aimed to derive an objective, geographic measure reflecting access to cardiac services. Methods and Results An expert panel defined an evidence-based clinical pathway. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the team developed a numeric/alphabetic index at 2 points along the continuum of care. The acute category (numeric) measured the time from the emergency call to arrival at an appropriate medical facility via road ambulance. The aftercare category (alphabetic) measured access to 4 basic services (family doctor, pharmacy, cardiac rehabilitation, and pathology services) when a patient returned to his or her community. The numeric index ranged from 1 (access to principal referral center with cardiac catheterization service ≤1 hour) to 8 (no ambulance service, &gt;3 hours to medical facility, air transport required). The alphabetic index ranged from A (all 4 services available within a 1-hour drive-time) to E (no services available within 1 hour). The panel found that 13.9 million Australians (71%) resided within Cardiac ARIA 1A locations (hospital with cardiac catheterization laboratory and all aftercare within 1 hour). Those outside Cardiac 1A were overrepresented by people &gt;65 years of age (32%) and indigenous people (60%). Conclusions The Cardiac ARIA index demonstrated substantial inequity in access to cardiac services in Australia. This methodology can be used to inform cardiology health service planning and could be applied to other common disease states within other regions of the world.
Minimizing the impact of intestinal surgery
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Efforts are increasing to make life as normal as possible for patients who require surgical removal of diseased portions,of the alimentary tract. Studies on ileoanal anastomosis and ileostomy occluding devices are under way at the Mayo Clinic and elsewhere. At Mayo, a "resurrected technique" used in the 1940s in Europe and the United States is now being used for some patients. Colonic disease limited to the mucosa is treated by colectomy, mucosal proctectomy, and endorectal-ileal pull-through with preservation of the anal sphincter (<i>Surg Gynecol Obstet</i>1947;84:1095-1099). Surgical resident Jacques Heppell, MD, who under a Canadian Medical Research Council grant is working with Keith A. Kelly, MD, explains that continence is related not only to good sphincter function but also to the reservoir capacity of the rectum. The hypothesis is that, after such surgery, the terminal ileum can dilate secondary to chronic intermittent occlusion by sphincter contraction. The sphincter pressure that
DEATH FOLLOWING "TEST DRINK" OF ALCOHOL IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTABUSE®
Authors: Marvin C. Becker
Journal: JAMA (1952)

In 1948, after observing the severe symptoms that followed the ingestion of alcohol in patients taking tetraethylthiuramdisulfide (antabuse®), Jacobsen and Hald, of Denmark, conceived the idea that this drug might be useful in the treatment of chronic alcoholism.1These investigators, associated with Martensen-Larsen and other co-workers,2subsequently reported in some detail the chemistry and pharmacology of tetraethylthiuramdisulfide and their clinical results with 83 patients under treatment with this drug. These studies were received with much interest by the lay and medical press, and, as a result, clinical investigation spread to other countries, such as Sweden, England, Canada, and, finally, the United States. The significant information available has been reviewed by Glud,3Dale and Ebaugh,4and again by Jacobsen and Martensen-Larsen.5Some of the short-term results have been promising, but long-term studies are still being anxiously awaited. It seems timely to temper the current trend of
Chest Pain with Inverted T Waves, Predominantly in Precordial Leads, as the Only Electrocardiographic Abnormality
Authors: FRANK B. CUTTS, FRANK MERLINO, FREDERIC W. EASTON
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Sixty-nine hospitalized patients, who gave a history of "coronary" type chest pain appearing at rest and lasting at least 15 minutes, and whose electrocardiographic changes were limited to deeply inverted T waves predominantly in the precordial leads, were selected from a large series of patients. The hospital course and electrocardiographic changes of these patients were studied. After an average follow-up period of 4 years, approximately half the patients were still able to work. Postmortem studies on 11 patients revealed extensive sclerosis of the coronary arteries in all.