tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Declining Autopsy Rates and Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction-Reply
Authors: M. Feinleib
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Altman has raised an interesting question regarding the possible association between trends in cardiovascular mortality and the declining trend in autopsies, as revealed in vital statistics data. This is a subject in which we have considerable interest, as reflected in our recent publication of an annotated bibliography of cause-of-death validation studies.<sup>1</sup>While National Center for Health Statistics data on trends in autopsies and in cardiovascular mortality are consistent with those reported by Dr Altman, as shown in the Table, I do not believe they support his interpretation. Reductions in mortality for major cardiovascular diseases between 1972 and 1980 far exceed what could reasonably be explained by the decline in the changing rate of autopsies during this period.<sup>2</sup>The death rate (ageadjusted) for major cardiovascular diseases during this period dropped by almost 23%, and for all causes combined by more than 16%. An example may illustrate
Erythropoietin in the Control of Normal Erythropoiesis.
Authors: R. D. Lange
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Erythropoietin in the Control of Normal Erythropoiesis.R. D. Lange, M.D., F.A.C.P., Tommye Jordon, M.T., L. C. McKee, M.D.R. D. Lange, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Tommye Jordon, M.T.Search for more papers by this author, L. C. McKee, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-827_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough erythropoietin (erythropoiesis-stimulating factor (ESF)) is thought to be the physiological regulator of erythropoiesis, the proof is indirect since it is impossible by bioassay techniques to measure ESF levels in normal serum. With the development of an immunoassay such measurements became possible. The occurrence of ESF in serum of normal blood donors and the results of measurements of ESF serum levels at different times of the day are reported. The results of a correlation study of hematocrit levels with ESF levels will also be presented. The ESF in serum was measured by the hemagglutination-inhibition assay method, and, where feasible, sera... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Knoxville and Nashville, Tenn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 827-827KeywordsBioassays and physiological analysisBlood donorsErythropoiesisErythropoietinHematocritImmunoassays Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A NEW METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS UNDER LOCAL ANESTHESIA.
Authors: THOS. CHAS. MARTIN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The subject of hemorrhoids often prefers to bear those ills he has than fly to that relatively desperate refuge afforded by general anesthesia and be relieved. As a consequence he may become a crank or an invalid. He receives little sympathy and less help, often. The non-malignant anal growths may be removed painlessly without resort to general anesthesia by means of the technic presently to be described, provided it be performed by the trained hands of an operator who thoroughly understands the principles of infiltration-anesthesia, and who, furthermore, has been sufficiently persevering to master the difficulties encountered in the application of these principles to this operation. The clamp, Fig. 1. consists of a hollow cone three and one-quarter inches in length and three-quarters of an inch in diameter at its distal extremity, and one and three-quarter inches in diameter at its proximal end. One quadrant of the cone is fenestrated,
Infarct sizing with technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate scintigraphy in dogs and man; relationship between scintigraphic and praecordial mapping estimates of infarct size in patients
Authors: J. T. WILLERSON, R. W. PARKEY, E. M. STOKELY, F. J. BONTE, S. LEWIS, R. A. HARRIS, G. BLOMQVIST, L. R. POLINER, L. M. BUJA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

The present study was performed in order to evaluate the ability of technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) myocardial scintigrams to size infarcts in experimental animals and man. In 10 dogs with proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and acute anterior myocardial infarcts, there was a significant correlation between scintigraphic infarct size and histological infarct weight (P less than 0.01). In 25 patients with acute anterior or anterolateral myocardial infarcts, there was a significant correlation between relatively large infarct size determined scintigraphically and the acute development of left ventricular failure. There was some overlap, however, in 99mTc-PYP scintigraphic infarct size between patients who did and did not develop left ventricular failure with infarction. Presumably this is explained by some patients having had earlier myocardial damage and thus developing left ventricular failure with relatively small new infarcts. There was also a statistically significant, but weak, correlation in patients between scintigraphic infarct size and precordial ST segment mapping including peak ST segment elevation (P less than 0.05) and the number of praecordial sites with ST segment elevation equal to or greater than 2 mm (P less than 0.01). The data suggest that 99mTc-PYP scintigrams and praecordial mapping measure some similar but some dissimilar aspects of infarct size in patients, and that 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy does size acute anterior and anterolateral infarcts in experimental animals and patients.
Silicone Barrier Cream
Authors: J. L. H. Sharp
Journal: BMJ (1956)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Precisely controlled development of the somatosensory system is essential for detecting pain, itch, temperature, mechanical touch, and body position. To investigate the protein-level changes that occur during somatosensory development, we performed single-cell mass cytometry on dorsal root ganglia from C57/BL6 mice, with litter replicates collected daily from E11.5 to P4. Measuring nearly 3 million cells, we quantified 30 molecularly distinct somatosensory glial and 41 distinct neuronal states across all time points. Analysis of differentiation trajectories revealed rare cells that coexpress two or more Trk receptors and overexpress stem cell markers, suggesting that these neurotrophic factor receptors play a role in cell fate specification. Comparison to previous RNA-based studies identified substantial differences between many protein/mRNA pairs, demonstrating the importance of protein-level measurements to identify functional cell states. Overall, this study demonstrates that mass cytometry is a high-throughput, scalable platform to rapidly phenotype somatosensory tissues.
Group V secretory phospholipase A2 plays a pathogenic role in myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Toshiaki Yano, Daisuke Fujioka, Yukio Saito, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Takamitsu Nakamura, Jun-ei Obata, Kenichi Kawabata, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Yosuke Watanabe, Hideto Mishina, Shun Tamaru, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

AimsGroup V secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-V) is highly expressed in the heart. This study examined (i) the role of sPLA2-V in myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury and (ii) the cooperative action of sPLA2-V and cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) in myocardial I/R injury, using sPLA2-V knockout (sPLA2V−/−) mice.
Media and Health: Are Bioethicists Just Another Interest Group?
Authors: Kayhan Parsi
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

"Media and Health: Are Bioethicists Just Another Interest Group?." The American Journal of Bioethics, 7(8), pp. 18–19 Notes 1. I say “mere” entertainment, because the producers of a television news program realize that issues must be able to connect with people in a tangible way. For any kind of mass communication to have an impact, viewers and listeners must be engaged and even “entertained” on some level (the etymology of entertain is “to hold mutually”).
Dermoscopy for early detection of facial lentigo maligna
Authors: M. Stante, V. Giorgi, I. Stanganelli, B. Alfaioli, P. Carli
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Dermoscopy for early detection of facial lentigo maligna Get access M. Stante, M. Stante Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Via Alfani 37, 50121 Florence, Italy *Department of Dermatology, Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Ravenna, Italy Marcello Stante. E‐mail: dermoncologia@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Giorgi, V. Giorgi Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Via Alfani 37, 50121 Florence, Italy *Department of Dermatology, Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Ravenna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Stanganelli, I. Stanganelli Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Via Alfani 37, 50121 Florence, Italy *Department of Dermatology, Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Ravenna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Alfaioli, B. Alfaioli Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Via Alfani 37, 50121 Florence, Italy *Department of Dermatology, Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Ravenna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Carli P. Carli Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Via Alfani 37, 50121 Florence, Italy *Department of Dermatology, Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo, Ravenna, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 2, 1 February 2005, Pages 361–364, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06328.x Published: 01 February 2005 Article history Accepted: 20 June 2004 Published: 01 February 2005
SURVIVAL IN ADULTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY HEART TRANSPLANT AFTER FONTAN PALLIATION
Authors: Leigh C. Reardon, Eugene DePasquale, Daniel Cruz, Hillel Laks, Brian Reemtsen, Reshma Biniwale, Gwendolyn Derk, Abbie Hageman, Mario Deng, Jamil Aboulhosn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Sweet's syndrome responding to cyclosporin
Authors: J.F. BOURKE, J. BERTH-JONES, R.A.C. GRAHAM-BROWN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Sweet's syndrome responding to cyclosporin Get access J.F. BOURKE, J.F. BOURKE Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Dr J.F.Bourke Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. BERTH‐JONES, J. BERTH‐JONES Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A.C. GRAHAM‐BROWN R.A.C. GRAHAM‐BROWN Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 1, 1 July 1992, Pages 36–38, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14823.x Published: 01 July 1992
Development of Vascular Lesions in Insulin-treated Animals Fed a Normal Diet
Authors: R. W. Stout
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Experiments were undertaken to study the role of hyperinsulinism in the pathogenesis of atheroma. Chickens injected with long-acting insulin for 19 weeks developed lipid containing lesions in their aortas. This provides further evidence in favour of the hypothesis that insulin and atheroma are causally related.
AASLD clinical practice guidelines: A critical review of scientific evidence and evolving recommendations
Authors: Christopher Koh, Xiongce Zhao, Niharika Samala, Sasan Sakiani, T. Jake Liang, Jayant A. Talwalkar
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) practice guidelines provide recommendations in diagnosing and managing patients with liver disease from available scientific evidence in combination with expert consensus opinions. The aim was to systematically review the evolution of recommendations from AASLD guidelines and identify gaps limiting the evidence-based foundations of these guidelines. Initial and current AASLD guidelines published from January 1998 to August 2012 were reviewed. The AGREE II instrument was used to evaluate rigor and transparency of guideline development. The number of recommendations, distribution of grades (strength or certainty), classes (benefit versus risk), and types of recommendations were evaluated. Whenever possible, multiple versions were evaluated for evolving scientific evidence. A total of 991 recommendations from 28 guidelines on 17 topics were evaluated. From initial to current guidelines, the total number of recommendations increased by 36% (512 to 699). The largest increases were from chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) (+71), liver transplantation (+53), and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (+27). Most current recommendations are grade II (44%) and less than 20% are grade I. The AGREE II evaluation showed global improvement in guideline quality. Both HBV and chronic hepatitis C guidelines had greatest increases in grade I recommendations (+383% and +67%, respectively). The greatest increases in treatment recommendations were from HBV (grade I, +1,150%), liver transplantation (grade II, +112%), and AIH (grade III, +105%).Despite significant increases in the numbers of recommendations within AASLD practice guidelines over time, only a minority are supported by grade I evidence, highlighting the need for developing well-designed investigations to provide evidence for areas of uncertainty and improving the quality of future guidelines in hepatobiliary diseases.
RANTES Plays an Important Role in the Evolution of Allograft Transplant-induced Fibrous Airway Obliteration
Authors: MICHIHARU SUGA, ALEXANDRA A. MACLEAN, SHAF KESHAVJEE, STEFAN FISCHER, JORGE M. F. MOREIRA, MINGYAO LIU
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Although lung transplantation is a widely applied therapeutic modality for end-stage pulmonary disease, the long-term survival following this procedure is limited by the development of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). We investigated the role of RANTES, a C-C chemokine, in the evolution of fibrous airway obliteration (FAO) using a rat heterotopic tracheal transplant model. RANTES was highly expressed in infiltrating mononuclear cells in both allogeneic and isogeneic grafts as revealed by immunohistochemistry. Using a miniosmotic pump, neutralizing anti-RANTES antibody was locally and continuously infused to allografts, whereas recombinant rat RANTES was administered to isografts. Anti-RANTES antibody treatment decreased the number of CD4+ infiltrating cells in allotracheas and preserved luminal patency compared with those of allocontrols. However, RANTES infusion in isografts did not induce FAO, even though CD4+ cell migration was increased by this treatment. It appears that RANTES is relevant to the recruitment of CD4+ cells and the development of FAO in the process of allorejection. Local administration of anti-RANTES might be a therapeutic option for BO following lung transplantation.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-1 Signaling Induces Osteopontin Expression and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell–Dependent Adventitial Fibroblast Migration In Vitro
Authors: Guohong Li, Suzanne Oparil, Stacey S. Kelpke, Yiu-Fai Chen, John A. Thompson
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Increased expression of osteopontin (OPN), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), and their type-1 receptor (FGFR-1) is associated with neointima formation and atherosclerosis. This study tested the hypothesis that ligand activation of FGFR-1 stimulates OPN expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs), explored the signaling pathway involved, and assessed the functional consequences of activating this pathway on adventitial fibroblast (AF) migration in vitro. Methods and Results— Exogenous FGF-1 stimulated expression of OPN mRNA and protein in RASMCs in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner. OPN mRNA induction by FGF-1 was completely inhibited by either actinomycin D or cycloheximide, selective inhibitors of RNA polymerase and protein synthesis, respectively. OPN mRNA induction by FGF-1 was attenuated by PD 166866, a highly selective and potent FGFR-1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Addition of either PP2 or PD98059, specific inhibitors of Src and mitogen-activated extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, respectively, attenuated FGF-1–stimulated OPN mRNA expression. FGF-1 treatment of RASMCs enhanced RASMC-conditioned medium-stimulated AF migration; this effect was inhibited by pretreatment of RASMCs with either PD166866 or PP2. Immunodepletion of OPN from RASMC-conditioned medium inhibited both basal and FGF-1–stimulated AF migration. Conclusions— This in vitro study provided a first indication that ligand-activated FGFR-1 plays a significant role in upregulation of OPN expression at the transcriptional level via signaling to Src/MEK/MAP kinases in RASMCs and that this pathway is functionally significant in mediating AF migration via stimulation of OPN expression.
Reduction of Catheter-Induced Infections
Authors: Luther V. Rhodes
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (1982;247:1493), the consultant responded in the affirmative to the query about the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of adding antimicrobial agents to urethral catheter drainage bags in an effort to reduce nosocomial urinary tract infections. The justification given is a reference to a regional American Urological Association meeting, and, unfortunately, these papers are currently not readily available to most<i>JAMA</i>readers for critical analysis. I'm sure that the consultant andThe Journalare well meaning in the response, but I think the issue involved is much too important to be settled by such an informal consultation. Urinary tract infections associated with urethral catheter drainage bags remain the number one nosocomial infection in this country, and any efforts to prevent and control them should be considered carefully before adoption. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recently published guidelines for prevention of catheterassociated urinary tract
Trichotillomania: Current Issues in Conceptualization and Treatment
Authors: Nancy J. Keuthen, Richard L. O’Sullivan, Susan Sprich-Buckminster
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1998)

Trichotillomania is a little-known disorder with wider prevalence and more significant consequences than previously believed. While sharing similarities with obsessive-compulsive disorder, compelling differences from it have also been noted. This fact, coupled with recognized overlap with other obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, has resulted in the ongoing evolution of our conceptualization of this illness. While empirical evidence supports the use of behavioral treatment and pharmacotherapy, considerable research is still needed before we can promise highly effective interventions tailored to the individual hairpuller. This review will summarize the evidence supporting, as well as challenging, a hypothesized link with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Current treatment approaches will be reviewed, as well as evidence for their efficacy. Suggestions will be made for future directions in this field.
Heterozygous C2 deficiency associated with angioedema, myasthenia gravis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: J Efthimiou, D D'Cruz, P Kaplan, D Isenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

We describe a patient with myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and angioedema associated with heterozygous complement factor 2 (C2) deficiency. The significance of this association is controversial, though the association of C2 deficiency with certain histocompatibility antigens suggests possible linkage to immune response genes. To our knowledge this is the first report of heterozygous C2 deficiency in association with this combination of 'autoimmune' disorders, and we discuss the aetiological implications.
Nonresponse bias in EC Respiratory Health Survey in Italy
Authors: R de Marco, G Verlato, E Zanolin, M Bugiani, JW Drane
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

In the three Italian centres involved in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS), prevalence of asthma-like symptoms was assessed through a mailback questionnaire. Since the nonresponse rate was not negligible, ranging 10-18%, we investigated whether nonresponse bias affected the results and, if so, whether the bias could be eliminated from the final estimates of prevalence. A screening questionnaire was sent by mail to 7,000 randomly selected subjects 20-44 yrs of age, and nonresponders were contacted again by phone. Additional information was collected on a subsample of the respondents through a clinical interview. A logistic regression analysis showed that, except for one symptom (awakening for coughing), symptom prevalence significantly decreased from the first to the subsequent contact, when controlling for age, sex, centre and season of interview. The decrease in symptom prevalence was largely independent of smoking habits and socioeconomic status, and was seemingly caused by a symptom-related self-selection. When correcting results according to a linear regression model, observed estimates appeared to be slightly overestimated, by 4-10%. A simulation with the Italian data showed that the bias increased steeply at nonresponse rate higher than 30%, a situation quite common in asthma surveys. In conclusion, nonresponse bias affects the results of ECRHS in Italy, slightly inflating prevalence estimates. To make reliable comparisons on international data in the presence of different nonresponse rates, a correction of the observed prevalence seems necessary.
NHS introduces new performance indicators for 1994-5
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The government has decided to introduce two new sets of indicators into the 1994-5 NHS performance tables - on waiting times for first outpatient appointment and on charters in general practice.

NHS trust and directly managed units will have to provide information by 28 April 1995 on the percentage of patients seen by the consultant within 13 weeks and within 26 weeks of written referral by a general practitioner in surgical specialties, general medicine, and dermatology. At the same time family health services authorities will have to declare the percentage of general practices with a practice charter.

In Executive Letter (94) 81 the NHS Executive says that the other indicators will be the same as in 1993-4 - that is, the percentage of patients assessed within five minutes of arrival in accident and emergency departments; the percentage of outpatients seen within 30 minutes of appointment time; the percentage of elective episodes performed on a day basis; the percentage of NHS patients admitted within three months and within 12 months of being placed on a waiting list; the number of patients not admitted within a month of last minute cancellation of their operation; and the percentage of ambulances arriving within 14 minutes in urban areas and 19 minutes in rural areas.

The executive is considering other indicators for 1995-6, including the number of children who are nursed on adult wards. Dr Bob Buckland, a consultant anaesthetist in Winchester, who represents the Joint Consultants Committee on the group which has been discussing performance indicators, told the JCC last …
Acute Hepatic Failure Associated With the Use of Low-Dose Sustained-Release Niacin
Authors: Howard N. Hodis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Although it is well known that unmodified 1,2 and sustained-release 3 niacin (nicotinic acid) in high daily doses (≥3 g) can result in severe hepatocellular injury, the association with low daily doses of either prepara