tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ULCERO-MEMBRANOUS STOMATITIS AND GINGIVITIS AMONG TROOPS ON ACTIVE SERVICE
Authors: F. B. Bowman
Journal: BMJ (1916)

t=B^4 373 work comes the anaesthetist in of more importance than the anaesthetic.Though open ether is my anaesthetic for choice, most of my colleagues had had the training in the giving of chloroform.To all of them I wish to express my thaks for help in many a long day's work.The use of nitrous oxide gas for short and painful dressings proved a great boon.Local anaesthetics and spinal anaesthetics were made use of in.selected cases, but neither method is suitable when the staff is small and many cases waiting.REFERJENCE.
Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 Weeks for Chronic HCV without Cirrhosis
Authors: Kris V. Kowdley, Stuart C. Gordon, K. Rajender Reddy, Lorenzo Rossaro, David E. Bernstein, Eric Lawitz, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Eugene Schiff, Reem Ghalib, Michael Ryan, Vinod Rustgi, Mario Chojkier, Robert Herring, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Paul J. Pockros, G. Mani Subramanian, Di An, Evguenia Svarovskaia, Robert H. Hyland, Phillip S. Pang, William T. Symonds, John G. McHutchison, Andrew J. Muir, David Pound, Michael W. Fried
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

High rates of sustained virologic response were observed among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who received 12 weeks of treatment with the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir combined with the NS5A inhibitor ledipasvir. This study examined 8 weeks of treatment with this regimen.In this phase 3, open-label study, we randomly assigned 647 previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection without cirrhosis to receive ledipasvir and sofosbuvir (ledipasvir-sofosbuvir) for 8 weeks, ledipasvir-sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for 8 weeks, or ledipasvir-sofosbuvir for 12 weeks. The primary end point was sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after the end of therapy.The rate of sustained virologic response was 94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90 to 97) with 8 weeks of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir, 93% (95% CI, 89 to 96) with 8 weeks of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir plus ribavirin, and 95% (95% CI, 92 to 98) with 12 weeks of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir. As compared with the rate of sustained virologic response in the group that received 8 weeks of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir, the rate in the 12-week group was 1 percentage point higher (97.5% CI, -4 to 6) and the rate in the group that received 8 weeks of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir with ribavirin was 1 percentage point lower (95% CI, -6 to 4); these results indicated noninferiority of the 8-week ledipasvir-sofosbuvir regimen, on the basis of a noninferiority margin of 12 percentage points. Adverse events were more common in the group that received ribavirin than in the other two groups. No patient who received 8 weeks of only ledipasvir-sofosbuvir discontinued treatment owing to adverse events.Ledipasvir-sofosbuvir for 8 weeks was associated with a high rate of sustained virologic response among previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection without cirrhosis. No additional benefit was associated with the inclusion of ribavirin in the regimen or with extension of the duration of treatment to 12 weeks. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; ION-3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01851330.).
Watchful Waiting and Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Fady I. Sharara, George P. Chrousos, Nicholas J. Patronas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 November 1992Watchful Waiting and CraniopharyngiomaFady I. Sharara, MD, George P. Chrousos, MD, Nicholas J. Patronas, MDFady I. Sharara, MDSearch for more papers by this author, George P. Chrousos, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Nicholas J. Patronas, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-10-876_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Craniopharyngiomas constitute 3% to 5% of all intracranial tumors in adults and about 15% in children. These tumors usually consist of solid cellular components and cystic areas containing oily mixtures of degenerated blood and desquamated epithelium or necrotic tissue with cholesterol crystals. Calcifications may be present in as many as 85% of cases and are detected by computed tomographic (CT) scan but not by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1). Though usually slow-growing and almost always benign, they can invade various sellar and suprasellar tissues and cause significant pathology. Management has been primarily surgical, with radiation therapy as...References1. Kaufman B. Perisellar lesions. In: Tavaras JM, Ferruci JT; eds. Radiology. v. 3. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co.; 1987:1-12. Google Scholar2. Chen Wen B. A comparison of the roles of surgery and radiation therapy in the management of craniopharyngiomas. Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys. 1989;15:17-24. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. Flickinger J. Megavoltage external beam irradiation of craniopharyngiomas: analysis of tumor control and morbidity. Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys. 1990;19:117-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Shillito J. Treatment of craniopharyngioma. Clin Neurosurg. 1985;33:533-46. Google Scholar5. ManakaTeramotoTakakura SAK. The efficacy of radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma. J Neurosurg. 1985;62:648-56. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPituitary IncidentalomaPituitary IncidentalomasPITUITARY INCIDENTALOMASApproach to the incidentally discovered pituitary mass 15 November 1992Volume 117, Issue 10Page: 876-877KeywordsBloodChildrenCholesterolComputed axial tomographyEpitheliumMagnetic resonance imagingRadiation therapy Issue Published: 15 November 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Genesis of Hyponatremia Associated with Marked Overhydration and Water Intoxication
Authors: JAMES M. STORMONT, CHRISTINE WATERHOUSE
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Prolonged overhydration and hyponatremia have been produced in 10 patients with use of Pitressin Tannate in Oil. Balance studies have shown that in patients who developed moderate hyponatremia, the drop in serum sodium could be explained by water retention. In patients who developed severe water intoxication, the very low levels of serum sodium (100-114 mEq./L.) could not be entirely accounted for by changes in salt and water balance. Certain patients failed to develop severe water intoxication although an equivalent degree of overhydration was achieved. In these subjects, further overhydration was limited by intermittent episodes of low solute diuresis. This diuretic escape from Pitressin effect has been evaluated by measurement of U/P osmolar ratio on 24-hour urine specimens as well as T c H 2 O during hypertonic mannitol infusion. Defects in both aspects of renal concentration were observed, although they were not necessarily coexistent.
Sideswipe Injury to Left Elbow
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc, William N. Jones, William H. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Dr. Maureen Molloy: A 43-year-old lawyer sustained a "sideswipe" injury of the left elbow. He had been driving his car with his left elbow protruding through the open window when his elbow was struck by a passing car. Examination of the injured elbow revealed an open wound with an irregular jagged cut, two inches long, in the region of the olecranon. A small amount of dirt and gravel was present in the superficial portion of this wound. In the depth of the wound many pieces of bone, varying in size up to one inch, could be seen. The color of the hand was satisfactory and it was warm. The patient could perceive light touch in all digits. Detailed motor examination could not be carried out. The radial pulse was quite faint. There were multiple lacerations throughout the forearm. X-ray films (Fig 1) revealed a severely comminuted fracture of the distal
Surveillance for S aureus bacteraemias is compulsory
Authors: G. Duckworth
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Van Belkum and Verbrugh's editorial on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) focused on the Dutch experience.1 It was England that first detected methicillin resistance in S aureus ,2 and despite the apparent disappearance of these strains in the United Kingdom in the 1970s their descendants are causing problems now.

The first epidemic strain of MRSA, EMRSA-1, seemed to be indistinguishable from that reported from eastern Australian hospitals and caused many hospital outbreaks in the Thames regions, with spread beyond. This was superseded by EMRSA-15 and …
High-fat enteral nutrition reduces endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and gut permeability in bile duct-ligated rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Misha D.P. Luyer, Wim A. Buurman, M'hamed Hadfoune, Jan A. Jacobs, Cornelis H.C. Dejong, Jan Willem M. Greve
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Natural Therapeutic Agents
Authors: D. Ockman
Journal: BMJ (1941)

BRITISH more than Dr. Russell's blind method, which must be at the best uncertain.But the operation is not to be considered easy, and demands all that care and attention associated with surgical procedures and perfect theatre technique, otherwise tragedies will occur.It is not an advance to operate in a consulting room, nor is it ever wise to carry ouLt any treatment, much less one associated with needle pricks, with the patient standing up.-I am, etc.,
Tele-Endoscopy: Influence of Data Compression, Bandwidth and Simulated Impairments on the Usability of Real-Time Digital Video Endoscopy Transmissions for Medical Diagnoses
Authors: T. Rabenstein, J. Maiss, S. Naegele-Jackson, K. Liebl, T. Hengstenberg, M. Radespiel-TrÃ¶ger, P. Holleczek, E. G. Hahn, M. Sackmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Background and Study Aims: Real-time digital video transmission (rtDVT) at an acceptable quality through networks has been possible for several years. This technique can be used for telemedical applications, such as tele-endoscopy. The hypotheses of the present study were that the quality of real-time DVT depends on the technical equipment used, and that the resulting image quality influences the usability of the system for diagnostic purposes. Materials and Methods: An experimental network was established between two German referral endoscopy centers, using the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol. At first, rtDVTs of routine gastrointestinal video endoscopies were transferred through the network for prospective evaluation of the feasibility of the technical equipment and its usability for diagnostic tele-endoscopy, based on the video image quality. Secondly, the image quality and usability for correct telemedical diagnosis were evaluated prospectively in a double-blind experimental setting in relation to variations in the methods of data compression used, transmission bandwidths, and simulated transmission errors. Fourteen endoscopists evaluated 27 variations of an endoscopic video sequence. Results: Compression with the Moving Picture Expert Group 2 (MPEG2 [4 : 2 : 2]) standard, the ATM protocol, and a bandwidth of 40 megabits per second (Mb/s) were used successfully in 40 routine tele-endoscopies for practical evaluation. Doctors were able to handle the system with ease, and its availability was 100 %. There were no detectable differences between the original video image and the transferred image, and the images were usable for diagnosis in all cases. The set-up used clinically was therefore considered to provide the optimal conditions for comparisons in the experimental part of the study. Experimentally, any technical variation was found to cause a reduction in the overall image quality and hence a reduction in diagnostic usability: compression algorithm (MPEG2 [4 : 2 : 2] vs. others: P = 0.001), bandwidth (≥ 8 vs. < 8 Mb/s: P = 0.001), and error rate (10-8 vs. 10-7: P = 0.001). Conclusions: rtDVT using MPEG2 [4 : 2 : 2] compression and a bandwidth of 40 Mb/s did not effectively differ from the original video images in routine tele-endoscopy. The qualitative requirements in diagnostic video endoscopy, however, are obviously much higher than previously assumed, since experienced endoscopists detected a loss of image quality and a reduction in diagnostic usability with any reduction in the technical specification. Modern methods of data compression, broadband networks and a network protocol with good quality-of-service guarantees are therefore prerequisites for diagnostic rtDVT.
Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease and Mineral Metabolism
Authors: Jürgen Floege, Florian Kronenberg, Marc Froissart
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unconjugated secondary bile acids in the serum of patients with colorectal adenomas.
Authors: E Bayerdorffer, G A Mannes, T Ochsenkuhn, P Dirschedl, B Wiebecke, G Paumgartner
Journal: Gut (1995)

A positive association between deoxcholic acid (DCA) in the serum and colorectal adenomas, the precursors of colorectal cancer has recently been found, which supported the hypothesis of a pathogenic role of DCA in colonic carcinogenesis. This approach was based on the hypothesis that DCA formed in the colon is absorbed into the portal venous blood and exhibits a constant spillover to the systemic circulation. To further substantiate this hypothesis this study investigated whether in the serum of adenoma patients DCA was higher in the unconjugated fraction, which originates directly from the colon. DCA was found to be 2.8-fold higher in the unconjugated fraction of patients with colorectal adenomas than in controls (0.89 v 0.32 mumol/l, p &lt; 0.0025), 1.9-fold in the total DCA fraction (1.89 v 0.95 mumol/l, p &lt; 0.0001), and 1.4-fold in the conjugated fraction (0.67 v 0.47 mumol/l, p &lt; 0.05). It was further found that the bacterial isomerisation product 3 beta-DCA was twofold higher in the unconjugated fraction of adenoma patients than in controls (0.08 v 0.04 mumol/l, p = 0.27), 1.8-fold in the total iso-DCA fraction (0.11 v 0.06 mumol/l, p &lt; 0.05), and 1.5-fold in the conjugated iso-DCA fraction (0.03 v 0.02 mumol/l, p = 0.68). The data suggest that the positive association between the serum DCA concentration and colorectal adenoma as described previously results from the DCA fraction that is absorbed from the colon. This further supports a pathogenic role of DCA in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer.
Reconstructing the nasal dorsum
Authors: C. Vinciullo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

The skin of the nasal dorsum and bridge is more forgiving in terms of reconstructive options. Individual differences in skin laxity, nasal length and sebaceous composition impact on reconstructive choice as do the size, depth and exact location of the surgical defect. For many, if not all, defects in this area there are multiple different reconstructive options available all of which can result in equivalent and excellent results. Oftentimes there is no clear advantage of one repair over another and the choice becomes one of personal preference based on experience. No proscriptive approach or algorithm can be usefully applied in this setting. Key considerations include the location of the defect (distal vs. proximal nasal dorsum), the position of the defect (midline or off‐centre) and the texture of the skin involved (sebaceous vs. non‐sebaceous). Defects may be considered complex if they border on, or cross onto adjacent cosmetic units. Examples include defects extending onto the nasal tip, tip–ala junction, sidewall, nasal root–glabella and medial canthus. The adjacent reservoirs of tissue redundancy that can be utilized in flap reconstruction include the nasal sidewall, the nasal dorsum itself, the glabella, the midline/paramedian forehead and the medial cheek. Nearly all flaps on the nasal dorsum require subnasalis muscle dissection to effect sufficient movement and to ensure adequate flap vascularity and viability. The nasal bridge and glabella have much thicker skin and it is usually sufficient to dissect in the subcutaneous plane rather than disrupting the deeper procerus and corrugator muscles. Thick sebaceous skin is generally stiffer, moves less easily and closures may result in greater wound tension. These factors together with a tendency for sutures to tear through easily potentially increases the risk of complications. Greater consideration should be given to the exact type of flap or graft chosen in these patients.
Decreased serum interleukin-17 and increased transforming growth factor–β levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome (Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study–95)
Authors: Jayagopi Surendar, Vivekanandhan Aravindhan, Maradana Muralidhara Rao, Anbazhagan Ganesan, Viswanathan Mohan
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
TROPONIN ELEVATION AFTER RADIOFREQUENCY CATHETER ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: RELEVANCE TO AF SUBSTRATE AND REVERSE STRUCTURAL REMODELING
Authors: Kentaro Yoshida, Yoshiaki Yui, Akira Kimata, Masako Misaki, Daisuke Abe, Yukio Sekiguchi, Hiroshi Tada, Kazutaka Aonuma, Noriyuki Takeyasu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
Authors: R. Dale Liechty
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Why a pediatrician would edit a book on surgical treatment of endocrine diseases should puzzle most surgeons. But few of us would mind if the information were up-to-date, especially if it added to our ability to treat patients. But, in critical areas, this book falls short. Take for example the two most common provenances of endocrine disease: the thyroid and parathyroid. Discussing "The Thyroid Gland," the author fails to mention the medical or surgical treatment of exophthalmos, T<sup>3</sup>thyrotoxicosis, toxic nodular disease, thyroiditis, thyroid storm, or even the common diagnostic tests for thyrotoxicosis. Similarly, in seven pages devoted to "The Parathyroid Gland," he neglects to cite ectopic parahormone production, thiazides as a cause of hypercalcemia, or parahormone assays, tubular reabsorption of phosphate, or arteriography in its diagnosis. After reading "the parathyroid hormone acts upon the gut, where it promotes calcium absorption," I immediately checked the references. There are just
Fitness to practise panel clears GP after it found accuser's evidence "implausible"
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A GP has been cleared of misconduct after a fitness to practise panel found the evidence of the fellow GP who reported him to the General Medical Council to be “wholly implausible.”

In his evidence to the GMC Mahmood Hossain, 72, said that Allswell Eno had accused him of being an alcoholic who was drunk at work, threatened to have him struck off, and assaulted him, throwing him through the door of his consulting room. But a panel of the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service in Manchester found “numerous inconsistencies” between Hossain’s oral evidence, his referral letter to the GMC, and his witness statement.

Hossain, who was working as a locum GP …
LeVeen Shunt Patency Studies: Clarification of Scintigraphic Findings
Authors: AMOLAK SINGH, ZACHARY D. GROSSMAN, JOHN G. McAFEE, F DEAVER THOMAS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

In an experimental model we have demonstrated that visualization of the target organ is the only dependable criterion for the scintigraphic evaluation of LeVeen shunt patency or nonpatency. The lungs are best suited as the target, because the presence or absence of pulmonary uptake can be easily seen without interference from radiolabeled peritoneal fluid. Proof of shunt patency should not rely upon direct visualization of shunt tubing, because very high or low flow rates are both associated with poor visualization. Maximum accumulation of activity in the shunt tubing occurs with intermediate flow rates (approximately 60 cc/hr).
Abstract 3793: Characterization of the mechanism of action of a novel small molecule inhibitor of HSP70
Authors: Gregor Balaburski, Julia I-Ju Leu, Mark Andrake, Seth Hayik, Neil Beeharry, Roland Dunbrack, Tim Yen, Donna L. George, Maureen E. Murphy
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The stress-induced heat shock protein HSP70 is an ATP dependent molecular chaperone that plays a role in the folding of nascent peptides, assembly of multi-protein complexes, and transport of proteins across membranes and overall. Additionally, HSP70 has significant cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic functions. High levels of HSP70 can be found in many cancers, and are associated with poor therapeutic response and poor patient prognosis. These findings suggest that HSP70 may be a desirable molecular therapeutic target, in addition to being a useful tumor prognostic marker. Previously we demonstrated that the compound 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) interacts with HSP70 and antagonizes HSP70 function by disrupting the interaction between HSP70 and its co-chaperones and client proteins. We showed that PES is toxic to cancer cells but not non-transformed cells. Moreover, PES was able to significantly extend the lifespan of mice in a Myc-driven model of lymphoma (p&amp;lt;0.02; Leu et al., Mol Cell 36:15-27, 2009; Leu et al, Mol Can Res 9:936-47, 2011). Here we utilized binding assays, molecular modeling and in silico docking in order to predict the binding site for PES with HSP70. We were able to verify this binding site by identifying point mutants of HSP70 that fail to bind to PES. We used this information in order to predict potentially superior analogues, and we report that a novel analogue, 2-(3-chlorophenyl) ethynesulfonamide (PES-Cl) shows superior toxicity to tumor cells, and greater efficacy as an anti-cancer agent in Myc-driven lymphoma, compared to the parent compound (p&amp;lt;0.0006). Moreover, we report that treatment with PES-Cl causes cell cycle arrest in G2/M, and that a significant fraction of tumor cells escape this checkpoint and die by apoptosis. These data implicate HSP70 in G2/M progression, and identify PES-Cl as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3793. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3793