tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ecosystem stewardship: sustainability strategies for a rapidly changing planet
Authors: F. Stuart Chapin, Stephen R. Carpenter, Gary P. Kofinas, Carl Folke, Nick Abel, William C. Clark, Per Olsson, D. Mark Stafford Smith, Brian Walker, Oran R. Young, Fikret Berkes, Reinette Biggs, J. Morgan Grove, Rosamond L. Naylor, Evelyn Pinkerton, Will Steffen, Frederick J. Swanson
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2009)
Managing Hairy Cell Leukemia in Pregnancy
Authors: Adel Alothman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 June 1994Managing Hairy Cell Leukemia in PregnancyAdel Alothman, MD and Terence G. Sparling, MDAdel Alothman, MDBurnaby, British Columbia V5H 4C2; Canada and Terence G. Sparling, MDBurnaby, British Columbia V5H 4C2; CanadaAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-12-199406150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hairy cell leukemia is a rare hematologic disorder predominantly affecting older men [1, 2]. It has recently been shown to be sensitive to treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA), with a reported 85% complete remission rate [3]. The occurrence of hairy cell leukemia in pregnancy is extremely unusual and has only been reported once previously [4].A 23-year-old healthy, asymptomatic woman was seen in her 10th week of pregnancy for routine laboratory evaluation and was noted to have abnormal circulating lymphocytes. Her physical examination showed an enlarged and palpable spleen measuring 5 cm under the left costal margin.A ...References1. Chang KL, Stroup R, Weiss LM. Hairy cell leukemia, current status. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992; 97:719-38. Google Scholar2. Cecil RL, Wyngaarden JB, Smith LH, eds. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 18th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1988:998-1001. Google Scholar3. Piro LD. 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine: drug development priorities. J Clin Oncol. 1992; 10:1507-10. Google Scholar4. Williams JK. Hairy cell leukemia in pregnancy: a case report. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987; 156:210-11. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Adel Alothman, MD; Terence G. Sparling, MDAffiliations: Burnaby, British Columbia V5H 4C2; Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHairy cell leukemia and pregnancyA rare breed: Wild-type braf and ighv expression in a 29 year old lady with classical hairy cell leukemiaAntineoplastic drugsTreatment of Hairy Cell Leukemia During Pregnancy: Are Purine Analogues and Rituximab Viable Therapeutic OptionsSpezielle Arzneimitteltherapie in der SchwangerschaftSpecific tumors during pregnancyTreatment of acute and chronic leukemia during pregnancyManagement of hematological malignancies during pregnancyHow I treat acute and chronic leukemia in pregnancyLeukaemia and PregnancyAntineoplastic drugsSpezielle Arzneimitteltherapie in der SchwangerschaftCancer in pregnancy: maternal-fetal conflictCancer in PregnancyCancer in Pregnancy 15 June 1994Volume 120, Issue 12Page: 1048-1049KeywordsBiopsyBone marrowBreast feedingInfantsLymphocytesPregnancyResearch laboratoriesSpecimen preparation and treatmentSpleenSplenectomy ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Targeted Overexpression of Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-4 Modifies Post–Myocardial Infarction Remodeling in Mice
Authors: Juozas A. Zavadzkas, Robert E. Stroud, Shenikqua Bouges, Rupak Mukherjee, Jeffrey R. Jones, Risha K. Patel, Paul J. McDermott, Francis G. Spinale
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: Myocardial infarction (MI) causes an imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and is associated with adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. A uniform reduction in TIMP-4 post-MI has been observed. Objective: To examine post-MI remodeling with cardiac-restricted overexpression of TIMP-4, either through a transgenic or viral delivery approach. Methods and Results: MI was induced in mice and then randomized to targeted injection of an adenoviral construct (10 μL; 8×10 9 plaque forming units/mL) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the full-length human TIMP-4 (Ad-GFP-TIMP4) or GFP. A transgenic construct with cardiac-restricted overexpression TIMP-4 (hTIMP-4exp) was used in a parallel set of studies. LV end-diastolic volume, an index of LV remodeling, increased by &gt;60% from baseline at 5 days post-MI and by &gt;100% at 21 days post-MI in the Ad-GFP only group. However, LV dilation was reduced by ≈50% in both the Ad-GFP-TIMP4 and hTIMP-4exp groups at these post-MI time points. LV ejection fraction was improved with either Ad-GFP-TIMP-4 or hTIMP-4exp. Fibrillar collagen expression and content were increased within the MI region with both TIMP-4 interventions, suggestive of matrix stabilization. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that selective myocardial targeting for TIMP-4 induction through either a viral or transgenic approach favorably altered the course of adverse LV remodeling post-MI. Thus, localized induction of endogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, such as TIMP-4, holds promise as a means to interrupt the progression of post-MI remodeling.
Lineage Tracing Using Cux2-Cre and Cux2-CreERT2 Mice
Authors: Cristina Gil-Sanz, Ana Espinosa, Santiago P. Fregoso, Krista K. Bluske, Christopher L. Cunningham, Isabel Martinez-Garay, Hongkui Zeng, Santos J. Franco, Ulrich Müller
Journal: Neuron (2015)
RECOGNITION OF CARDIOGENIC COLLAPSE ON THE FIELD OF PLAY: BOWING, KNEELING AND PROSTRATION
Authors: S Baltsezak
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Sudden cardiac death/arrest (SCD/SCA) on the field of play remains one of the most tragic and challenging events for a team physician. Even with robust regular preparticipation cardiac screening we cannot prevent all cases of SCA/SCD. Ability to recognise imminent cardiac arrest occurring on the field of play remains an important step in managing this condition without delay. Objective The purpose of this study was to more closely characterise the presentation of cardiogenic collapse on the field of play. Methods You Tube was searched for video clips clearly depicting sequence of athlete's collapse of cardiac origin. A pattern of collapse was subsequently analysed. Results 13 cases were available for public viewing on You Tube and demonstrated final position of collapse. 12 collapses had full video footage of athlete's fall. All athletes were men. 84.6% (11) cases were from football (soccer). 15.4% (2) of cases were from martial arts. In 10 out of 12 cardiac event cases (83.3%) bowing and/or kneeling were followed by decubitus position. 58.3% (7) of cases demonstrated bowing at the beginning of collapse. 58.3% (7) cases had kneeling as an element of collapse. 61.5% (8 out of 13 cases) of casualties adopted position of ‘prostration’ as final stage of collapse. Conclusion When on the field of play, in the absence of head injury, athletes displaying bowing and/or kneeling positions followed by collapse may experience a life threatening cardiac event. Final position of 'prostration' was adopted in over half of cardiogenic collapses. Sports physician attending such casualties should bear this in mind and target his/her initial and subsequent assessment and treatment accordingly. A defibrillator should be taken to the player when attending such casualties.
NF-kappaB-dependent MicroRNA-425 upregulation promotes gastric cancer cell growth by targeting PTEN upon IL-1β induction
Authors: Jun Ma, Jun Liu, Zhiming Wang, Xixi Gu, Yue Fan, Wen Zhang, Lili Xu, Jianjun Zhang, Dingfang Cai
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2014)

Overexpression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β is associated with diverse diseases, including cancer. Alteration of microRNAs has been observed in cancer cells exposed to proinflammatory cytokines, yet their function in inflammation stress remains elusive. Here, we show that IL-1β induces the upregulation of miR-425, which negatively regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog expression by targeting its 3' UTR. An increase in miR-425 depends on IL-1β-induced NF-kappaB activation, which enhances miR-425 gene transcription upon IL-1β induction. Consequently, repression of phosphatase and tensin homolog by miR-425 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, which is required to protect cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our data support a critical role for NF-kappaB-dependent upregulation of miR-425, which represents a new pathway for the repression of phosphatase and tensin homolog activation and the promotion of cell survival upon IL-1β induction.
Effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on sulphated glycosaminoglycan synthesis in aged human articular cartilage.
Authors: L S McKenzie, B A Horsburgh, P Ghosh, T K Taylor
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

The anti-inflammatory drugs, sodium salicylate, indomethacin, hydrocortisone, ibuprofen, and flurbiprofen, were examined for their effects on sulphated glycosaminoglycan synthesis in aged human cartilage in vitro. Cartilage was obtained from femoral heads removed during surgery and drug effects were found to vary significantly from one head to another. Statistical analysis of the results showed that sodium salicylate exhibits concentration-dependent inhibition of glycosaminoglycan synthesis over the concentration range used. Indomethacin, hydrocortisone, and ibuprofen, at concentrations comparable to those attained in man, caused a statistically significant depression of sulphated glycosaminoglycan synthesis in cartilage from some femoral heads but not others, reflecting the variable response of human articular cartilage to anti-inflammatory drugs. Sodium salicylate and indomethacin at higher doses produced significant (Pless than 0-005) inhibition of sulphated glycosaminoglycan synthesis in all femoral heads studied. The results for flurbiprofen were less conclusive; this compound appears not to inhibit glycosaminoglycan synthesis over the concentration range used.
Psychiatric Disorders in General Practice: The Experience of an Island Community
Authors: MILTON MAZER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the five general practices of an island community over a three-month period is reported. While the usual higher female prevalence rate was found, a significant finding was an extremely high rate in women in the 25-34-year-old age group, almost 12 percent of women in that age group having consulted their family doctor for a psychiatric disorder. Since women of this age group are heavily involved in the rearing of children, the public health implications of this finding are significant.
Effect of Pretreatment With Atenolol and Nifedipine on ZD6126-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Sarah Gould, F. Russell Westwood, Jon O. Curwen, Susan E. Ashton, David W. Roberts, Susan C. Lovick, Anderson J. Ryan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Antivascular agents that act by destabilizing microtubules, such as ZD6126 (N-acetylcolchinol-O-phosphate), are associated with adverse cardiovascular effects, including transient hypertension, cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction, and increases in circulating levels of markers of cardiac damage (e.g., troponins). We investigated mechanisms underlying these effects of ZD6126 in rats by continuously monitoring their heart rate and blood pressure and by assessing heart histopathology and plasma troponin T levels. ZD6126 induced acute transient hemodynamic changes (hypertension and delayed tachycardia), which were associated with statistically significant increases in circulating troponin T levels (median level 3 hours after treatment with vehicle or 12.5 mg/kg ZD6126: <9 pg/mL and 563 pg/mL, respectively; P <.001 [two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test]) and in the incidence of left ventricular myocardial fiber necrosis (incidence 24 hours after treatment with vehicle or 12.5 mg/kg ZD6126: 0/10 rats and 9/10 rats, respectively; P <.001 [two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test]). Pretreatment of rats with atenolol and nifedipine ameliorated the acute hemodynamic changes and prevented ZD6126-induced increases in both troponin T and myocardial necrosis but did not prevent ZD6126-induced tumor necrosis in an Hras5 tumor xenograft model in nude rats. Our findings suggest that ZD6126-induced acute hemodynamic changes are a prerequisite for cardiac damage in rats.
Plasma level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein is an independent determinant of coronary macrovasomotor and microvasomotor responses induced by bradykinin
Authors: Tetsuya Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Takashima, Naoto Ohira, Yasuhiro Tarutani, Yo Yasuda, Tetsunobu Yamane, Shinro Matsuo, Minoru Horie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Aggression and Violence—the Enemies of Precision Learning in Children
Authors: GEORGE E. GARDNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Aggression and violence have a disastrous effect on the learning capacity of deprived children. The author discusses the origins of the anxiety and fear of aggression in these children; an appreciable number carry an excess of traumatic incidents and violent events during their first six years of life. The various defenses utilized by the child against his fears are the elements of the neurotically determined learning disability. The type of defense chosen by the child will determine which type of learning disability he will manifest.
Value of the P-wave signal-averaged ECG for predicting atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.
Authors: J S Steinberg, S Zelenkofske, S C Wong, M Gelernt, R Sciacca, E Menchavez
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a commonly encountered arrhythmia in clinical practice, and it occurs frequently after cardiac surgery. The P-wave signal-averaged (SA) ECG noninvasively detects atrial conduction delay. Prior studies have described greater P-wave prolongation in patients with a history of AF, but prospective studies have not been performed.Consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled. The P-wave SAECG was recorded before surgery from three orthogonal leads using a sinus P-wave template and a cross-correlation function. The averaged P wave was filtered with a least-squares-fit filter and combined into a vector magnitude, and total P-wave duration was measured. Patients were observed after cardiac surgery for the development of AF. One hundred thirty patients were enrolled, and 33 (25%) developed AF 2.6 +/- 2.0 days after surgery. Patients with AF more often had left ventricular hypertrophy on ECG (P < .05) and had a lower ejection fraction (P < .05). The P-wave duration on the SAECG was significantly longer in the AF patients than in those without AF: 152 +/- 18 versus 139 +/- 17 milliseconds (P < .001). An SAECG P-wave duration > 140 milliseconds predicted AF with sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 55%, positive predictive accuracy of 37%, and negative predictive accuracy of 87%. The likelihood of experiencing AF was increased 3.9-fold if the SAECG P-wave duration was prolonged. P-wave SAECG results were independent of other clinical variables by multivariate analysis.The P-wave duration recorded with the SAECG is a potent, accurate, and independent predictor of AF after cardiac surgery.
Biliary stenosis: Balloons in the bile duct
Authors: Richard A. Kozarek, Harold O. Conn
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Five patients with benign strictures of the biliary tract were treated by Gruntzig balloon dilation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. All of the strictures were effectively dilated. One patient with a retained stone in the proximal biliary tree underwent surgery 3 weeks after the dilation because of cholangitis. The other four patients were well at a mean follow-up of 6 months. There were no complications related to the procedure. We conclude that Gruntzig balloon dilation of benign bile duct strictures is safe and effective. Further experience is needed to determine its efficacy.
Recurrent fever of unknown etiology: failure to demonstrate association between fever and plasma unconjugated etiocholanolone
Authors: Jack M. George, Sheldon M. Wolff, Esther Diller, Frederic C. Bartter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

A sensitive method for determination of plasma unconjugated etiocholanolone by double-isotope-derivative dilution has been described. The mean values for normal subjects was 0.038+/-0.003 (SEM) mug/100 ml.40 patients, 20 with familial Mediterranean fever and 20 with other diseases characterized by recurrent fever were studied. The over-all mean concentration of plasma unconjugated etiocholanolone for the patients (febrile or afebrile) was 0.101 +/-0.012 mug/100 ml, significantly above that of normals. Mean plasma values for the patients while they were febrile did not differ from the mean values when they were afebrile. It is suggested that the concentration of plasma unconjugated etiocholanolone is not related to fever in these patients.
Heparin surface-modified intraocular lenses in patients with inactive uveitis or diabetes11The authors have no proprietary interest in any of the materials used in this study.
Authors: Khalid F. Tabbara, Ali S. Al-Kaff, Ali A. Al-Rajhi, Samir M. Al-Mansouri, Ihsan A. Badr, Pamela S. Chavis, Othman M. Al-Omar
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)
Pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin for 14 versus 24 weeks in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 and rapid virological response
Authors: Olav Dalgard, Kristian Bjro, Helmer Ring-Larsen, Einar Bjornsson, Mona Holberg-Petersen, Eva Skovlund, Olle Reichard, Bjrn Myrvang, Bo Sundelöf, Ståle Ritland, Kjell Hellum, Aril Frydén, Jon Florholmen, Hans Verbaan
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

A recent nonrandomized pilot trial showed that hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with genotype 2/3 and rapid virological response (RVR) had a 90% sustained virological response (SVR) rate after 14 weeks of treatment. We aimed to assess this concept in a randomized controlled trial. In the trial, 428 treatment-naïve HCV RNA–positive patients with genotype 2 or 3 were enrolled. Patients with RVR were randomized to 14 (group A) or 24 (group B) weeks of treatment. Patients were treated with pegylated interferon α-2b (1.5 μg/kg) subcutaneously weekly and ribavirin (800-1400 mg) orally daily. The noninferiority margin was set to be 10% between the two groups with a one-sided 2.5% significance level. RVR was obtained in 302 of 428 (71%), and 298 of these were randomized to group A (n = 148) or group B (n = 150). In the intention-to-treat analysis, SVR rates were 120 of 148 (81.1%) in group A and 136 of 150 (90.7%) in group B (difference, 9.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-17.7). Among patients with an HCV RNA test 24 weeks after the end of treatment, 120 of 139 (86.3%) patients in group A achieved SVR compared with 136 of 146 (93.2%) in group B (difference, 6.9%; 95% confidence interval, −0.1 to +13.9). Conclusion: We cannot formally claim that 14 weeks of treatment is noninferior to 24 weeks of treatment. However, the SVR rate after 14 weeks of treatment is high, and although longer treatment may give slightly better SVR, we believe economical savings and fewer side effects make it rational to treat patients with genotype 2 or 3 and RVR for only 14 weeks. (Hepatology 2007.)
Interferon-gamma is a potent inducer of catagen-like changes in cultured human anagen hair follicles
Authors: T. Ito, N. Ito, M. Saathoff, A. Bettermann, M. Takigawa, R. Paus
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Interferon (IFN)-γ appears to be an important hair cycle modulator in mice. It is unclear whether it has similar hair growth modulatory functions in human hair follicles. Objectives To study whether IFN-γ can be exploited to modulate the growth, pigmentation and/or cycling of organ-cultured human anagen scalp hair follicles, as an in vitro indicator system for how IFN-γ affects human hair growth in vivo. This was correlated with the hair follicle expression patterns of IFN-γ receptors α and β. In addition, we wanted to establish a new, simple tool for the rapid experimental induction of catagen in vitro. Methods Normal human scalp hair follicles in the anagen VI stage of the hair cycle were cultured according to the method of Philpott et al., with or without IFN-γ (50–1000 IU mL−1). Hair shaft elongation and pigmentation changes were measured, complemented by quantitative histomorphometry to assess changes in hair follicle cycling (hair cycle score), proliferation (Ki-67), melanogenesis (Masson–Fontana) and apoptosis (TUNEL). IFN-γ receptors were also localized by immunofluorescence and EnVision technique. As transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 is a recognized key inducer of catagen in human hair follicles, TGF-β2 expression was investigated by tyramide signal amplification and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in anagen hair follicles treated with vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline) or IFN-γ. Results IFN-γ rapidly inhibited hair elongation in cultured human anagen hair follicles and induced morphological signs of catagen transformation after only 4 days of culture, i.e. faster than with other reported catagen-inducers (e.g. TGF-β2). Proliferation was inhibited, apoptosis was increased and follicular melanogenesis was switched off in hair bulb keratinocytes treated in situ with IFN-γ. Anagen hair follicles displayed strong IFN-γ receptor α-like immunoreactivity, while the immunoreactivity for IFN-γ receptor β in the hair matrix was only weak. TGF-β2 immunoreactivity and mRNA transcript levels were enhanced in hair follicles treated with IFN-γ. Conclusions These data suggest that IFN-γ is a potent catagen inducer in normal human scalp hair follicles, which express cognate receptors, and show that IFN-γ administration offers an excellent tool for experimental catagen induction in organ-cultured human hair follicles. This catagen induction probably occurs at least in part via upregulation of the recognized catagen-stimulatory growth factor TGF-β2.
RED CELL AND PLASMA RADIOACTIVE COPPER IN NORMAL AND ANEMIC DOGS
Authors: H. Yoshikawa, P. F. Hahn, W. F. Bale
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Following ingestion of radioactive copper by the dog, the metal appears quickly in the plasma, the concentration reaching its peak in from 2 to 5 hours, after which it falls abruptly. Demonstrable amounts are still present after 2 days. The radioactive copper likewise appears rapidly in the circulating red blood cells, and there is a slow but gradual increase in its concentration over a 2 day period. It is suggested by the data that in the animals in which hematopoietic activity is accelerated the uptake of radio-copper is somewhat more extensive. The possibility that this is due to greater adsorption by the new red cells in these instances is not ruled out.
Hereditary spherocytosis, thrombocytosis, and chronic pulmonary emboli: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Julieta E. Hayag-Barin, Roy E. Smith, Frederick C. Tucker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Thrombocytosis in post-splenectomy patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is usually not attended by an increased risk of thrombosis. Review of the literature revealed HS in association with pulmonary thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis, and cerebral infarction in two brothers, TTP in an asplenic patient and a patient with corpora cavernosum thrombosis causing segmental priapism. We report a case of a 30-year-old white male with HS who presented with hemoptysis 29 years after splenectomy. Work-up revealed a hypercoagulable state with thrombocytosis and recurrent pulmonary emboli resulting in severe pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, atrial flutter, and syncope. Am. J. Hematol. 57:82–84, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.