tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
'Old Man in a VA Hospital': Shock and Dismay-Reply
Authors: Robert S. McKelvey
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Iwas shocked and dismayed by the misinterpretations given to my poem, "Old Man in a VA Hospital," by Dr Jacobs, Mr Sanford, and Ms Zimmer-man. The poem's intent was to evoke the images and mood in a particular time and place. I walked down the dimly lighted, gray-green corridor of a VA hospital. I smelled a musky, urinelike odor. Two laughing veterans raced by me in wheelchairs. An old man shuffled out of a rehabilitation center. A woman I took to be a nurse smiled woodenly at him until he turned away. Later that day, I had a free hour. In my mind were the images I have described. I wove them together to convey my observations, impressions, and the mood they created within me. That mood was a mixture of sadness and annoyance—sadness for the suffering and decay of all things human, annoyance at the seeming
TCT-541 Coronary Computered Tomography for Systematic Screening of Coronary Stent Fractures in Patients at High Risk
Authors: Lisa Krenn, Vanessa Berger-Kulemann, Philipp Krisai, Florian Wolf, Georg Delle-Karth, Gerhard Kreiner, Clemens Gangl, Markus Vertesich, Sabine Scherzer, Christian Roth, Irene Lang, Heinz Sochor, Thomas Neunteufl, Christian Loewe, Berger Rudolf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Familial Dysautonomia: Genetic, Clinical and Pathophysiologic Studies.
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Familial Dysautonomia: Genetic, Clinical and Pathophysiologic Studies.Victor A. McKusick, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert A. Norum, M.D., Henry J. Farkas, M.D., Peter Brunt, M.B., M. Mahloudji, M.D.Victor A. McKusick, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert A. Norum, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Henry J. Farkas, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Peter Brunt, M.B.Search for more papers by this author, M. Mahloudji, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1175_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptData have been collected on 102 families, each with at least 1 case of Riley-Day dysautonomia. In all but three sibships both parents have Jewish ancestry. In these three, one parent is apparently of non-Jewish ancestry in two instances, and both parents are non-Jewish in a third. In all except one couple the Jewish ancestry derived from Poland and neighboring Russia and Hungary; that of the other couple derived from Western Germany. All parents are normal. The proportion of siblings affected supports autosomal recessive inheritance. Consanguinity is known for five parental pairs. Birth order analysis suggests an influence on family... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Victor A. McKusick, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Robert A. Norum, M.D.; Henry J. Farkas, M.D.; Peter Brunt, M.B.; M. Mahloudji, M.D.Affiliations: Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1175-1175KeywordsBirthClinical genetics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Wedge Pressure Monitoring in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Herman K. Gold, Robert C. Leinbach, W. Bruce Dunkman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

In acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure, knowledge of the left ventricular filling pressure is required for the proper evaluation of myocardial performance and choice of therapy. Intermittent measurement of this pressure will allow anticipation of the development of pulmonary edema, optimal volume support in low-flow-low-pressure states, and continuous assessment of the hemodynamic effects of traditional and more recent therapeutic interventions. In this setting, central venous pressure used as an index for left ventricular filling pressure does not possess the required accuracy. Since the relation between filling pressure of the left and right sides of the heart is . . .
Biotechnology
Authors: Fredrick R. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Degradation of cellulose within the gastrointestinal tract in man.
Authors: J Kelleher, M P Walters, T R Srinivasan, G Hart, J M Findlay, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1984)

14C-labelled cellulose was administered orally to 10 subjects without gastrointestinal disease and its absorption measured by faecal 14C excretion and 14CO2 in expired air. A mean of 57.2% of oral cellulose was excreted in the faeces and up to 14% (mean 7.5 +/- 4.4 1SD) of faecal radioactivity was water soluble. Whole gut transit time did not correlate with the quantity of 14C-cellulose excreted in the faeces. A significant quantity of 14CO2 appeared in the expired air as early as 30 minutes after administration of the labelled cellulose. The cumulative excretion of 14CO2 varied from 7.6-32.2% of the administered radioactivity but did not correlate with faecal 14C excretion. The present data show that a significant quantity of oral cellulose is metabolised within the human gastrointestinal tract and appears in the expired air as 14CO2.
Educational and Organizational Interventions to Improve the Management of Depression in Primary Care
Authors: Simon Gilbody, Paula Whitty, Jeremy Grimshaw, Ruth Thomas
Journal: JAMA (2003)

ContextDepression is commonly encountered in primary care settings yet is often missed or suboptimally managed. A number of organizational and educational strategies to improve management of depression have been proposed. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these strategies have not yet been subjected to systematic review.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of organizational and educational interventions to improve the management of depression in primary care settings.Data SourcesWe searched electronic medical and psychological databases from inception to March 2003 (MEDLINE, PsycLIT, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, United Kingdom National Health Service Economic Evaluations Database, Cochrane Depression Anxiety and Neurosis Group register, and Cochrane Effective Professional and Organisational Change Group specialist register); conducted correspondence with authors; and used reference lists. Search terms were related to depression, primary care, and all guidelines and organizational and educational interventions.Study SelectionWe selected 36 studies, including 29 randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials, 5 controlled before-and-after studies, and 2 interrupted time-series studies. Outcomes relating to management and outcome of depression were sought.Data ExtractionMethodological details and outcomes were extracted and checked by 2 reviewers. Summary relative risks were, where possible, calculated from original data and attempts were made to correct for unit of analysis error.Data SynthesisA narrative synthesis was conducted. Twenty-one studies with positive results were found. Strategies effective in improving patient outcome generally were those with complex interventions that incorporated clinician education, an enhanced role of the nurse (nurse case management), and a greater degree of integration between primary and secondary care (consultation-liaison). Telephone medication counseling delivered by practice nurses or trained counselors was also effective. Simple guideline implementation and educational strategies were generally ineffective.ConclusionsThere is substantial potential to improve the management of depression in primary care. Commonly used guidelines and educational strategies are likely to be ineffective. The implementation of the findings from this research will require substantial investment in primary care services and a major shift in the organization and provision of care.
Medical-Scientific Development in Latin America
Authors: Juan J. Alva Correa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Latin America is an enormous conglomerate of Spanish-speaking nations except for Brazil, whose official language is Portugese, and the British, Dutch and French Guianas in northern South America.The territorial area comprises more than 20 million square kilometers spread out in 22 nations with a total population of 274,845 million people. This so-called developing area of the globe is characterized economically, ethnically, religiously and politically by marked extremes in wealth and poverty; natives and immigrants, Catholicism and atheism, and various political currents have greatly influenced all aspects of life, including medical research and scientific development.It is often said that . . .
Changes in volume and density of platelets in myocardial infarction.
Authors: J F Martin, J Plumb, R S Kilbey, Y T Kishk
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The distributions of platelet volume and density were measured in 15 men suffering myocardial infarction and in 22 healthy controls. The method used separated 93% of the total platelet population from whole blood. Mean platelet volume of the study group compared with that of controls was increased by a mean of 0.98 fl (p less than 0.001) in the first 12 hours after myocardial infarction, and by 1.24 fl six weeks later (p less than 0.001). Distribution of platelet volume remained log normal after myocardial infarction. Modal platelet density was increased by a mean of 25 g/l (p less than 0.05) after myocardial infarction. Platelet volume is probably chronically large in men suffering myocardial infarction and may be related to changes in megakaryocytes. It is suggested that the increase in platelet volume occurs before infarction.
THE MAMMALIAN CELL-VIRUS RELATIONSHIP
Authors: John J. Holland, Leroy C. McLaren
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

Phases of attachment, reception or penetration, and eclipse of Type 1 poliovirus infecting HeLa cells in monolayer were studied. Firm attachment was not completely dependent on salt concentration, and was sensitive to temperature change. Like attachment, progressive resistance of adsorbed virus to inactivation by externally applied antibody was temperature-sensitive. Penetration was shown to be independent of physiologic integrity of cells. Virus in process of penetration was not affected by ribonuclease. Eclipse of adsorbed virus was not dependent on metabolic activity or physical integrity of HeLa cells. Debris from poliovirus-susceptible cells inactivated the virus in a manner similar to the kinetic course of virus adsorption by intact cells, and released cell-associated infective virus in similar amounts. All cells insusceptible to poliovirus infection failed to yield active debris. Virus inactivation by debris, like virus reception by intact cells, was temperature-sensitive. Debris could not inactivate virus adsorbed to cells, or alter the progressive incapacity of antibody to neutralize penetrating virus. The active debris factor was insoluble, was not associated with cell nuclei, was inactivated by fat solvents and trypsin treatment, and was destroyed by beat inactivation or sonic disruption. Anti-HeLa serum applied to cells before exposure to virus reduced the rate of virus adsorption, while antiserum treatment immediately following virus adsorption was ineffective. These findings suggested that the capacity of HeLa and other susceptible cells to adsorb, receive, and eclipse poliovirus was associated with organized cytoplasmic lipoprotein structures not possessed by insusceptible cells. The reaction of virus with receptor substance contained in debris was not readily reversed by treatment shown not to affect virus and to destroy activity of uncombined debris. Sensitivity of poliovirus adsorption by HeLa cells to change in environmental salt concentration or temperature was dependent on the method of measurement.
Antitumor Efficacy of the Anti-Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Antibody Siltuximab in Mouse Xenograft Models of Lung Cancer
Authors: Lanxi Song, Matthew A. Smith, Parul Doshi, Kate Sasser, William Fulp, Soner Altiok, Eric B. Haura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Iron Loading and Thalassemia — Experimental Successes and Practical Realities
Authors: D.J. Weatherall, M.J. Pippard, S.T. Callender
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The β thalassemias are among the commonest single gene disorders and are a major public-health problem in some parts of the world.1 The homozygous states are particularly distressing because affected children, if adequately transfused, grow and develop normally, only to die of cardiac failure secondary to iron loading of the myocardium toward the end of the second decade. Although most of the excess iron is derived from transfused blood, some of it accumulates from increased intestinal absorption.2 The latter route is particularly important in the milder forms of β thalassemia, thalassemia intermedia, in which iron loading occurs without regular blood . . .
The CDC and Abortion in HIV-Positive Women
Authors: David A. Grimes
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Pronouncements of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) concerning prevention of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) carry great weight, yet the CDC's selective silence on this issue may be even more noteworthy. Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, the CDC has been silent about induced abortion as an option for women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The CDC acknowledges that perinatal transmission is one of only three known modes of transmission and it advises that HIV-infected women not conceive. 1 But what of the growing numbers 1,2 who do become pregnant?  The CDC's avoidance of this issue has been persistent. The 1985 CDC committee assembled to develop guidelines to prevent perinatal transmission of AIDS concurred that the option of abortion should be discussed with HIV-infected pregnant women. This language was deleted from the final institutional report. 2 More recent reports on prevention of AIDS
K-ras oncogene codon 12 point mutations in testicular cancer.
Authors: M Ridanpää, R A Lothe, A Onfelt, S Fosså, A L Børresen, K Husgafvel-Pursiainen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

A significant association between N-ras oncogene activating point mutations and testicular cancer has recently been reported. We have studied DNA samples from the blood and fresh tumor tissues of 17 Norwegian testicular cancer patients (11 seminomas/6 nonseminomas). Point mutations in K-ras-2 and N-ras exons 1 and 2 were studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and by oligonucleotide hybridization. No N-ras mutations were detected in these tumor samples, but two K-ras-2 exon 1 mutations were found in two of the seminoma tumors (stage I and II tumors) using the DGGE technique. The mutations were confirmed by dot blotting and oligonucleotide hybridization and identified as a G--&gt;T and a G--&gt;A point mutation in K-ras-2 codon 12, leading to a valine and a serine substitution, respectively. All the white blood cell DNAs were negative. As a positive control for DGGE screening, we ran two plasmid constructs carrying human N-ras exon 2 sequences with mutations. To study the role of ras gene activation in testicular cancer, a larger tumor sample population will be investigated.
Prevalence of Gram-Negative Rods in the Normal Pharyngeal Flora
Authors: SAMUEL ROSENTHAL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

We obtained throat cultures from 100 randomly selected people free from any chronic upper or lower respiratory disease who did not work in a hospital and who had not experienced any acute illness or received any antibacterial therapy in the 4 weeks preceding culture. Eighteen percent harbored either a species of Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their pharynx. In all cases, colony counts were low, the majority being detected in broth media selective for Gram-negative rods. There were no clear-cut age or sex distributions of Gram-negative pharyngeal carriage. These data imply that, in at least some cases, isolation of Gram-negative rods from sputum of untreated patients may be a normal finding, and that in some patients with pulmonary infection, the pretreatment, upper respiratory tract flora may serve as the source of subsequent superinfection with Gram-negative rods.
G<sub>γ</sub>A<sub>γ</sub>(β<sup>+</sup>) hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin: The <sup>G</sup>γ – 158 C → T mutation in <i>cis</i> to the − 175 T → C mutation of the <sup>A</sup>γ‐globin gene results in increased <sup>G</sup>γ‐globin synthesis
Authors: M. B. Coleman, J. G. Adams, M. H. Steinberg, M. W. Plonczynski, A. H. Harrell, O. Castro, W. P. Winter
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) can be generally classified into deletional and nondeletional forms. The family described in the present study has characteristics of both types of HPFH. The proband is a healthy 30‐year‐old black woman. Analysis of her hemoglobin revealed 40.4% HbS, 40.9% HbF ( G γ/ A γ ratio 0.53), 16.8% HbA, and 1.9% HbA 2 . All of her hematologic indices were normal, and the distribution of HbF in her red cells was pancellular. Family studies demonstrated that the proband has one chromosome 11 bearing the β s ‐globin gene and the other bearing a G γ A γ(β + ) HPFH determinant in cis to the β A ‐globin gene. Gene mapping studies of the region between the G γ‐ and β‐globin genes were normal. However, when the A γ and G γ promoters were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced, the A γ promoter was found to have the T→C mutation at −175, and the G γ promoter region was found to have the C→T mutation at −158. The −158 C→T mutation has been associated with elevated G γ levels and high HbF in hemolysis, although its role in causing these effects is unclear. The present study suggests that this mutation can also enhance G γ‐globin expression in cis to the −175 T→C mutation in the absence of hemolysis. We suggest that the alteration of the A γ gene octamer binding site by the −175 mutation, as well as the loss of a putative G γ “silencer” caused by the −158 mutation may account for this phenotype. We propose calling these linked mutations the G γ A γ(β + ) HPFH. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
639 The HCV core AG/HCV RNA ratio predicts the course of HCV replication in treated an untreated liver transplanted patients
Authors: C FERAY, P BERTHILLON, D DUCOULOMBIER, M MAYNARD, L CODES, M GIGOU, T BIZOLLON, D SAMUEL, C TREPO
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

We studied the effect of staurosporine on two well characterised mammalian eIF-2α kinases, the heme-regulated translational inhibitor (HRI), and interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). Both pure eIF-2 and a synthetic peptide used to measure the activity of purified or immunoprecipitated enzymes (sequence ILLSELSRRRIRAI) were phosphorylated with purified enzymes and crude preparations of tissues or cells in the presence of the inhibitor. In the presence of 0.25 μM staurosporine (a concentration which completely inhibits a wide range of Ser/Thr protein kinases), the phosphorylation of eIF-2α by HRI and PKR was not inhibited. The lack of response of eIF-2α kinases to staurosporine allowed us to measure PKR activity in salt washed postmicrosomal supernatants without previous purification of the enzyme. In the presence of poly(I):poly(C), the PKR activator, we detected both an increased phosphorylation of eIF-2α and an increment in the autophosphorylation of PKR. We also confirmed an induction of PKR in cultured neuronal cells after treatment with interferon. The results obtained following phosphorylation of the synthetic peptide with crude extracts are less conclusive. Although its phosphorylation is specific because it displaces eIF-2 phosphorylation, and the presence of staurosporine prevents its phosphorylation by other serine/threonine kinases, it is a rather poor substrate for PKR.
Evolutionary Fingerprinting of Genes
Authors: S. L. Kosakovsky Pond, K. Scheffler, M. B. Gravenor, A. F.Y. Poon, S. D.W. Frost
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Over time, natural selection molds every gene into a unique mosaic of sites evolving rapidly or resisting change-an "evolutionary fingerprint" of the gene. Aspects of this evolutionary fingerprint, such as the site-specific ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rates (dN/dS), are commonly used to identify genetic features of potential biological interest; however, no framework exists for comparing evolutionary fingerprints between genes. We hypothesize that protein-coding genes with similar protein structure and/or function tend to have similar evolutionary fingerprints and that comparing evolutionary fingerprints can be useful for discovering similarities between genes in a way that is analogous to, but independent of, discovery of similarity via sequence-based comparison tools such as Blast. To test this hypothesis, we develop a novel model of coding sequence evolution that uses a general bivariate discrete parameterization of the evolutionary rates. We show that this approach provides a better fit to the data using a smaller number of parameters than existing models. Next, we use the model to represent evolutionary fingerprints as probability distributions and present a methodology for comparing these distributions in a way that is robust against variations in data set size and divergence. Finally, using sequences of three rapidly evolving RNA viruses (HIV-1, hepatitis C virus, and influenza A virus), we demonstrate that genes within the same functional group tend to have similar evolutionary fingerprints. Our framework provides a sound statistical foundation for efficient inference and comparison of evolutionary rate patterns in arbitrary collections of gene alignments, clustering homologous and nonhomologous genes, and investigation of biological and functional correlates of evolutionary rates.