tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Introduction of Sda Carbohydrate Antigen in Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells Eliminates Selectin Ligands and Inhibits Metastasis
Authors: Yuki I. Kawamura, Rei Kawashima, Ryuko Fukunaga, Kazunari Hirai, Noriko Toyama-Sorimachi, Makoto Tokuhara, Toshio Shimizu, Taeko Dohi
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The Sda blood group carbohydrate structure is expressed in the normal gastrointestinal mucosa. We reported previously that the expression of Sda carbohydrate structures and β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (β1,4GalNAcT) activity responsible for Sda synthesis were remarkably decreased in cancer lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we found that Sda antigen was expressed mainly in chief cells of normal stomach but not in cancer tissue by immunohistologic staining. In separated gastric mucosal cells, the Sda glycolipids and β1,4GalNAcT activity were concentrated in a fraction that contained chief cells as a major population. We cloned the cDNA encoding the glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of Sda (Sda-β1,4GalNAcT). Introduction of this cloned cDNA into KATO III gastric or HT29 colonic cancer cell lines, which originally expressed the E-selectin ligands, sialyl Lewisx and sialyl Lewisa, resulted in a marked increase in cell-surface expression of Sda along with the concomitant total loss of both sialyl Lewisx and sialyl Lewisa. Both KATO III and HT29 cells transfected with the Sda-β1,4GalNAcT gene showed significantly decreased adhesion to activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells when compared with mock-transfected cells. Sda determinants showed no direct binding to Siglec-3, -5, -7, and -9. These Sda-β1,4GalNAcT-transfected cells showed strikingly reduced metastatic potential in vivo when compared with mock-transfected cells. In summary, forced expression of Sda carbohydrate determinant caused remarkable elimination of carbohydrate ligands for selectin and reduced metastasis of human gastrointestinal tract cancer cells.
Intravenous Anisoylated Plasminogen Streptokinase Activator Complex versus Intravenous Streptokinase in Evolving Myocardial Infarction
Authors: M. L. Brochier, L. Quilliet, H. Kulbertus, P. Materne, B. Letac, A. Cribier, J. P. Monassier, A. Sacrez, J. P. Favier
Journal: Drugs (1987)
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) reduces ethanol-induced mitochondrial toxicity and membrane damage in Hep G2 cells
Authors: M. Concari, B. Rebecchi, ME. Guiccìardi, F. Carubbi, P. Loria, AM.Bolognani Fantin, N. Carulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
The Forever War
Authors: Ross M. Boyce
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

On Being a Doctor4 November 2014The Forever WarRoss M. Boyce, MD, MScRoss M. Boyce, MD, MScFrom Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-1054 Audio Reading - “The Forever War” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Forever War," by R.M. Boyce. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Nearly 10 years ago, at the age of 25, I crossed the border into Iraq as the commander of an infantry platoon. The silence over the radio was haunting as our vehicles rolled past the final checkpoint in the predawn darkness. The cold, mechanical sound of bullets being chambered suddenly echoed all around. There was time for one last thought of home. No one knew what lay ahead, but we all knew there was no turning back.Our movement north was delayed by the clearing of IEDs buried along the road. Just outside of Baghdad, on the main highway, we ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Corresponding Author: Ross M. Boyce, MD, MSc, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Grey-Bigelow 740, Boston, MA 02114; e-mail, [email protected]harvard.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Forever War” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Forever War," by R.M. Boyce. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Importance of Taking a Military History 4 November 2014Volume 161, Issue 9Page: 676-677KeywordsArmed forcesEmotionsHospital medicineReflexesResidencySafetyScarsSleepSuicideSweat ePublished: 4 November 2014 Issue Published: 4 November 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Public Health and Schools.
Authors: J. R. Clemens
Journal: JAMA (1902)

St. Louis, Sept. 16, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Given a crowded school and a limited number of drinking cups, and we have the conditions that are sufficient to increase the danger of diseases that can be communicated from child to child, a danger which is already great from the necessary crowding together of children in schoolrooms. On the principle that prophylaxis is greater than cure, the preventive measure consists in giving each child a tin cup and in teaching him to look on it as much his own as are his school books and his slate. The cost is trifling and the safeguard great. The communion service cup has already been made the subject of suspicion as a medium and vehicle of conveying contagion. How much greater, then, is the danger to children of a common drinking cup with their extremely sensitive and responsive predisposition to external morbific influences. The
INTRAMYOCARDIAL STEM CELL INJECTION CAN REVERSE THE LEFT VENTRICULAR SPHERICAL REMODELING OF ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: TURNING SOCCER BALLS INTO (AMERICAN) FOOTBALLS
Authors: Frederic C. McCall, Sabrina N. Taldone, Viky Y. Suncion, Vasileios Karantalis, Darcy L. Velazquez, Joel Fishman, Barry Trachtenberg, Pradip M. Pattany, Adam R. Williams, Juan P. Zambrano, Alan W. Heldman, Joshua M. Hare
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Prostacyclin-induced acute pulmonary vasodilation in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Authors: L J Rubin, B M Groves, J T Reeves, M Frosolono, F Handel, A E Cato
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To evaluate the effects of prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) on pulmonary vascular tone in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), we performed right-heart catheterization on seven patients with PPH and made hemodynamic measurements before and after infusing incremental doses of prostacyclin. In maximal doses of 2-12 mg/kg/min (mean 5.7 +/0 3.1 ng/kg/min), prostacyclin reduced mean pulmonary arterial pressure from 62 +/- 15 to 55 +/- 16 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and total pulmonary resistance from 17.1 +/- 8.7 to 9.7 +/- 5.9 units (p less than 0.005), and increased cardiac output from 4.22 +/- 1.64 to 6.57 +/- 2.04 l/min (p less than 0.01). Heart rate increased from 83 +/- 13 to 94 +/- 11 beats/min (p = 0.1) and mean systemic arterial pressure decreased from 90 +/- 12 to 77 +/- 4 mm Hg (p = 0.055). Three patients who received a continuous infusion of prostacyclin for 24-48 hours had sustained reductions in total pulmonary resistance during the infusion period. These data demonstrate that prostacyclin can increase cardiac output and reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance in PPH.
PTU-053 The effect of hypoxic stress on activated hepatic stellate cell chemotaxis in-vitro
Authors: A Amer, D Manas, M Wright, S White
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are believed to be the most important precursor of matrix-producing myofibroblasts that promote fibrosis following liver injury. In their activated form, HSCs migrate towards inflammatory foci in response to chemokines. When exposed to certain stresses, liver cells can express chemokines that control HSC migration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypoxia on chemokine expression by non-parenchymal liver cells using an in vitro model of ischaemia. <h3>Methods</h3> Human HSCs, biliary epithelial cells (BECs) and Kupffer cells (KC) were isolated from normal-appearing liver tissue obtained from liver resection specimens (n=3). HSCs were cultured on either gel matrix or uncoated plastic in order to investigate both quiescent (qHSC) and activated (aHSC) phenotypes. Conditioned medium from each cell type was collected at various time points in culture after exposure to either normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2). For migration assays, fully activated human HSCs were used and were seeded on cell culture inserts exposed to conditioned medium from each cell type added to the lower compartment. Cells were then incubated for 20 h following which the migrated cells were fixed, stained and counted. <h3>Results</h3> HSCs demonstrated greater migration towards medium obtained from HSCs cultured for 3 days under hypoxic conditions compared to normoxic HSCs (p=0.06). This effect decreased with longer culture times, reaching levels significantly lower than baseline by day 7 for both groups (p&lt;0.0001). In contrast, medium obtained from HSCs cultured on gel matrix under normoxic conditions stimulated significantly higher HSC migration compared to hypoxic qHSCs, with a peak effect by day 5 (p&lt;0.0001). Similarly, normoxic KCs stimulated significantly enhanced HSCs migration compared to hypoxic KCs (p&lt;0.0001). On the other hand, hypoxic BECs attracted significantly more HSCs on day 1 compared to normoxia, an effect that continued to rise on day 7 (p=0.002). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that hypoxia in an in vitro model stimulates contrasting responses depending on cell type and activation state. KCs and qHSCs in a relatively high O2 state similar to that of reperfusion during liver surgery can promote chemotaxis of aHSCs possibly through the formation of reactive oxygen species. BECs and aHSCs appear to produce factors that negatively affect HSC chemotaxis as evident by below-baseline migration responses. Hypoxia attenuates this negative effect in vitro. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus.
Authors: J F Dark, H Mousalli, R Vaughan
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Seven hundred and seventy-two patients suffering from carcinoma of the oesophagus and upper stomach were seen by two surgeons at the Manchester Regional Cardiothoracic Centre over a 15-year period. Five hundred and thirty-one patients had an operation, and of these, 449 had a resection. Throughout the period under review, the policy was to resect the primary tumour whenever possible. No emphasis was placed on extensive preoperative parenteral feeding. Adequate rather than radical resection was the aim of the surgery, but even if a curative operation was not possible, the primary was removed if at all possible. Gastric drainage in the immediate postoperative period by nasogastric tube or pyloroplasty was never used. A new classification of high or low tumours according to the level seen at oesophagoscopy is suggested; in 30 cases designated as "high", a planned resection was carried out using a bilateral thoracotomy, a method not previously described. The overall operative mortality was 9.2%. Of those having a resection it was 7.6%, and there were only three deaths in the last 120 resections. The predicted actuarial survival in this series of resections was 18% at five years and 12% at 10 years.
The Future of Very Preterm Infants
Authors: Melissa M. Adams, Wanda D. Barfield
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insertion of FLT3 internal tandem duplication in the tyrosine kinase domain-1 is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and inferior outcome
Authors: Sabine Kayser, Richard F. Schlenk, Martina Correa Londono, Frank Breitenbuecher, Kerstin Wittke, Juan Du, Silja Groner, Daniela Späth, Jürgen Krauter, Arnold Ganser, Hartmut Döhner, Thomas Fischer, Konstanze Döhner
Journal: Blood (2009)

Abstract To evaluate internal tandem duplication (ITD) insertion sites and length as well as their clinical impact in younger adult patients with FLT3-ITD–positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML), sequencing after DNA-based amplification was performed in diagnostic samples from 241 FLT3-ITD–mutated patients. All patients were treated on 3 German-Austrian AML Study Group protocols. Thirty-four of the 241 patients had more than 1 ITD, leading to a total of 282 ITDs; the median ITD length was 48 nucleotides (range, 15-180 nucleotides). ITD integration sites were categorized according to functional regions of the FLT3 receptor: juxtamembrane domain (JMD), n = 148; JMD hinge region, n = 48; beta1-sheet of the tyrosine kinase domain-1 (TKD1), n = 73; remaining TKD1 region, n = 13. ITD length was strongly correlated with functional regions (P &lt; .001). In multivariable analyses, ITD integration site in the beta1-sheet was identified as an unfavorable prognostic factor for achievement of a complete remission (odds ratio, 0.22; P = .01), relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.86; P &lt; .001), and overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.59; P = .008). ITD insertion site in the beta1-sheet appears to be an important unfavorable prognostic factor in young adult patients with FLT3-ITD–positive AML. The clinical trials described herein have been registered as follows: AML HD93 (already published in 2003), AML HD98A (NCT00146120; http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov), and AMLSG 07-04 (NCT00151242; http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov).
The Significance of Certain Catastrophic Dreams
Authors: Harold L. Levitan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1976)

Four examples of catastrophic dreams iη. which the dream action progressed to include the total destruction of the dreamer's body image are presented. This feature of total destruction of the body image possesses a special heuristic significance because it is a variance with Freud's clinical experience which helped to shape his view of the factors responsible for the creation of traumatic neurosis. He felt that nothing resembling death can ever have been experienced and therefore he dismissed the idea that the traumatic neurosis could arise as a direct result of the fear of death. Each of the dreams revived a real life traumatic event which had caused a registration in the mind of a shattering experience without causing the destruction of the actual body at the same time. When the same traumatic event was revived in the dream the ego functions available at that time were evidently insufficient either to modify the traumatic event or to awaken the dreamer prior to its denouement. The powerless ego of the dreamer seemed to have been derived from the powerless ego of the patient at the traumatic moment in waking life which was carried over into the dream as a part of the representation of the traumatic event. The destruction of the body image in these dreams apparently played a role in the production of symptoms characteristic of the dissociative syndromes. On the morning following the dream three of the patients awakened in a depersonalized state and the fourth in a catatonic state.
The Biology of Human Fetal Growth
Authors: Ann Maravilla
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The book summarizes the proceedings of the 1974 meeting of the Society for the Study of Human Biology. The topic is timely, as many advances are being made in human fetal research with the advent of liberalized abortion laws. There are four main sections. The first concerns techniques used in assessing fetal development and well-being. The topics cover placental function tests, placental hormone and enzyme production, placental transport, the fetoplacental unit, and growth and development of the fetus and placenta. A special section assesses gestational age and fetal maturity, using ultrasound and amniotic fluid lecithin-to-sphyngomyelin ratios. This is followed by a thorough article on the use of ultrasound in assessing fetal growth and development. The second section discusses factors affecting growth of the fetus and postnatal complications. Short papers cover metrical growth and skeletal development, the concept of the "light for dates" infant, relations of birth weight and gestational time
An Introduction to the U. S. Health Care System
Authors: John R. Kimberly
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The title of this volume is misleading. It should be subtitled A<i>Public Health Perspective</i>. Anyone familiar with the long and distinguished career of Milton Roemer would have a good idea of what to expect in an introductory overview such as this, irrespective of the title. The book is designed for students in public health and health services administration. The amended title would be much more appropriate for this group, as it is a better reflection of the contents. Few people, if any, are more qualified to write such a volume than Dr Roemer. The coverage is broad and includes chapters on ambulatory care, medical care and prevention, and medical ethics. A welcome aspect is the historical perspective, particularly valuable for students. In this regard, the chapter on the committee on the costs of medical care is most informative and introduces the reader to the work of the committee and
Liver biopsy findings in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Haresh Mani, David E. Kleiner
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Liver biopsy plays a central role in treatment algorithms in patients with hepatitis B and remains the gold standard for evaluating hepatic pathology. The pathology of hepatitis B is diverse and reflects the natural history of infection. An acute hepatitic pattern with lobular disarray is seen in acute infection, during acute flares of disease, and with acute hepatitis D superinfection. In chronic hepatitis B, inflammation is less pronounced in the immune-tolerant phase and is prominent during immune-mediated viral clearance. Active inflammation appears to be the driving force for development of fibrosis. Inflammatory grades and fibrosis stage are assigned as is done for hepatitis C. Although current management guidelines recommend liver biopsies only in select patients based on age, viral levels, and hepatitis B e antigen status, these clinical and biochemical parameters do not show consistent correlations with liver histology. Liver biopsy also helps identify preneoplastic lesions including large cell and small cell change. Unlike in other causes of chronic hepatitis, immunostains are widely used and can help determine the phase of infection. Liver biopsies can also identify additional pathology that may contribute to liver disease such as steatohepatitis, iron overload, autoimmune hepatitis, and drug-induced injury. Thus, liver biopsy can play an important role in staging and grading chronic hepatitis B and should be more widely used in assessing the need for therapy.
Survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: M. Jenney, G. Levitt
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Numbers are increasing, so a network of specialists that cross age boundaries is needed

Many children who survive cancer can look forward to moving on with their lives and returning to normality. Others may have late effects of their cancer or its treatment that can cause life long morbidity. In their linked retrospective cohort study of more than 14 000 adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancers (doi:10.1136/bmj.b4606), Mulrooney and colleagues found that those treated between 1970 and 1986 are more likely than their siblings to report congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, pericardial disease, and valvular abnormalities in young adult life.1 Although they form a very small proportion of adult patients with cardiovascular disease, it is not known how they should be managed. Assessing the benefit and cost of any screening programme in the increasing population of survivors of childhood cancer (30 000 in the United Kingdom; personal communication, Charles Stiller, 2009) is a debate that has yet to be resolved.

Mulrooney and colleagues’ study confirms other published series by identifying a high risk of cardiac sequelae in certain subgroups of survivors of childhood cancer. Survivors were significantly more likely to report congestive heart failure (hazard ratio 5.9, 95% CI 3.4 to 9.6), myocardial infarction …
Quantitative evaluation of two distinct cell populations expressing HLA-DR antigens in normal human epidermis
Authors: C. DEZUTTER-DAMBUYANT, G. CORDIER, D. SCHMITT, M. FAURE, C. LAQUOI, J. THIVOLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

HLA-DR antigens are expressed only by Langerhans cells (LC) and indeterminate cells (IC) in normal human epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence and ultrastructural immunogold labelling were used to study the HLA-DR expression by means of two anti-DR monoclonal antibodies (MCA). Freshly dispersed DR-positive epidermal cells expressed different densities of DR antigens on their membrane surface. Approximately 25% of DR-positive cells were strongly labelled by anti-DR-MCA and 75% were weakly stained. After 18 h in complete culture medium before labelling no significant difference in these percentages was observed. The lymphoid-like LC-enriched cells obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation also had two populations of DR-positive cells: strongly labelled cells (30.8%) and weakly labelled cells (69.2%). DR-positive cells may be divided into two types according to the density of DR sites on their cell membrane: (I) type DR+ shows weak surface labelling by gold particles (8.8 +/- 3.0 gold particles/micron) and has cytoplasmic Birbeck granules, identifying such cells as typical Langerhans cells; (2) type DR shows strong membrane immunogold labelling (38.9 +/- 4.6 gold particles/micron) and may or may not contain Birbeck granules. The gold particles bound to the cell membrane were used to quantify the number of HLA-DR sites expressed on each cell type: 1 X 10(5) sites on DR+ cells and 5 X 10(5) on DR cells.