tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proximal regulatory domains of rat atrial natriuretic factor gene.
Authors: A Rosenzweig, T D Halazonetis, J G Seidman, C E Seidman
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND At least three cis-acting regulatory elements are required for expression of the rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) gene. One distal cis-acting regulatory element lies more than 640 base pairs from the transcription initiation site. METHODS AND RESULTS In this report, we identify two other proximal regulatory elements that lie within 609 base pairs of the transcription initiation site. One proximal regulatory element contains an activator protein-1 (AP-1)-like binding site and is recognized by the AP-1 protein, the c-fos/c-jun proto-oncogene heterodimer in vitro. The second regulatory element contains a cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE)-like recognition site. CONCLUSIONS In vitro binding of the c-fos/c-jun heterodimer to ANF gene sequences suggests that the heterodimer may play a role in the regulation of gene transcription in vivo. This observation may also explain the correlation between c-fos/c-jun expression and ventricular ANF gene expression found in hypertrophic states. Nuclear extracts from normal cardiocytes contain proteins that bind these regulatory elements but do not appear to bind at the AP-1 site, suggesting that the levels of fos/jun heterodimer in nonhypertrophied cardiocytes are quite low.
Sulfonamides in Treatment of Meningococcal Meningitis-Reply
Authors: Richard H. Meade
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Dr. Boger obtained his data by examining blood and CSF samples from patients admitted for institutional care after single oral doses of the tested sulfonamide had been given. If there were cells in the CSF, or it were in any other way abnormal, it was discarded.  Whatever the reasons for the different absolute quantities reported by these several competent observers, one thing should be clear. The blood level of an antibiotic does not necessarily indicate what its biological activity will be. Phenethicillin, for example, is absorbed in greater concentrations than benzyl penicillin G, yet is less effective against group A streptococci or pneumococci. 1 Weinstein and Samet 2 have shown that there is no correlation between the degree of antibacterial action and the plasma concentration of either triple sulfapyrimidines or sulfadiazine alone.  Dr. Maren's interpretation of Dr. Boger's paper is accurate, and the conclusion that the trisulfapyrimidines are useful in
Two Randomized Trials of Canakinumab in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Nicolino Ruperto, Hermine I. Brunner, Pierre Quartier, Tamás Constantin, Nico Wulffraat, Gerd Horneff, Riva Brik, Liza McCann, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Lidia Rutkowska-Sak, Rayfel Schneider, Yackov Berkun, Inmaculada Calvo, Muferet Erguven, Laurence Goffin, Michael Hofer, Tilmann Kallinich, Sheila K. Oliveira, Yosef Uziel, Stefania Viola, Kiran Nistala, Carine Wouters, Rolando Cimaz, Manuel A. Ferrandiz, Berit Flato, Maria Luz Gamir, Isabelle Kone-Paut, Alexei Grom, Bo Magnusson, Seza Ozen, Flavio Sztajnbok, Karine Lheritier, Ken Abrams, Dennis Kim, Alberto Martini, Daniel J. Lovell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Interleukin-1 is pivotal in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We assessed the efficacy and safety of canakinumab, a selective, fully human, anti–interleukin-1β monoclonal antibody, in two trials.
Development of tests for disease using genetic markers is slower than expected
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Despite the promise of genomics and the frequent claims that it will revolutionise the practice of medicine, progress has been slower than anticipated, Stuart Hogarth, a research fellow at King’s College London, told a conference on 2 December.

His speech to the meeting, convened by the Progress Educational Trust, a charity that promotes ethically sound research and practice in genetics, assisted conception, embryo and stem cell research, and related areas, focused on biomarkers, generally deemed to be the “low hanging fruit” of the genomic revolution. 

The hope had been that genomics would generate many new genetic biomarkers that would identify a person’s risk of a particular disease or could be used as reliable tests for the presence of the disease and the effects of treatment. But in fact the rate of discovery had been …
Overall Survival Improvement in Patients with Lung Cancer and Bone Metastases Treated with Denosumab Versus Zoledronic Acid: Subgroup Analysis from a Randomized Phase 3 Study
Authors: Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti, Vera Hirsh, Salvatore Siena, David H. Henry, Penella J. Woll, Christian Manegold, Philippe Solal-Celigny, Gladys Rodriguez, Maciej Krzakowski, Nilesh D. Mehta, Lara Lipton, José Angel García-Sáenz, José Rodrigues Pereira, Kumar Prabhash, Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu, Vladimir Kanarev, Huei Wang, Arun Balakumaran, Ira Jacobs
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Reslizumab in children and adolescents with eosinophilic esophagitis: Results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Jonathan M. Spergel, Marc E. Rothenberg, Margaret H. Collins, Glenn T. Furuta, Jonathan E. Markowitz, George Fuchs, Molly A. O’Gorman, Juan Pablo Abonia, James Young, Timothy Henkel, H. Jeffrey Wilkins, Chris A. Liacouras
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
The Relationship between the Anatomic Position of the Heart and the Electrocardiogram
Authors: ROBERT P. GRANT
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Using a method for identifying precisely the lie of the ventricular structures in the body at autopsy, the anatomic position of the heart was compared with the directions of the QRS electrical forces in a large number of subjects with and without heart disease. While the mean QRS axis varied through 180 degrees in these subjects, the anatomic position of the left ventricle varied less than 45 degrees. No instances of significant rotation of the heart around its long axis were encountered, and it is shown that the unipolar electrocardiographic criteria for position and rotation of the heart have little validity. An explanation for the axis deviations of ventricular hypertrophy is offered.
Cimetidine and Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Acute Upper-Gastrointestinal-Tract Bleeding
Authors: David Barer, Alan Ogilvie, David Henry, Michael Dronfield, David Coggon, Shelagh French, Susan Ellis, Michael Atkinson, Michael Langman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We studied the effects of tranexamic acid (an antifibrinolytic agent) and cimetidine on acute upper-gastrointestinal-tract bleeding in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in 775 patients with hematemesis or melena or both. Mortality was significantly reduced in patients receiving either tranexamic acid (mortality, 6.3 per cent) or cimetidine (7.7 per cent), as compared with patients receiving placebo (13.5 per cent) (P = 0.0092 for tranexamic acid vs. placebo, P = 0.045 for cimetidine vs. placebo). Ninety-nine patients were withdrawn before the code was broken, mainly because their primary illness was considered not to be due to acute upper-gastrointestinal-tract bleeding. Mortality among those withdrawn was high (22 per cent), and their exclusion reduced death rates to 4 per cent in those given tranexamic acid, 8 per cent in those given cimetidine, and 11 per cent in those given placebo (P = 0.0072 for tranexamic acid vs. placebo, P>0.50 for cimetidine vs. placebo). The reduced mortality associated with tranexamic acid was detectable at both participating hospitals and in most of the main subgroups of patients classified according to site of bleeding. However, treatment with this agent was not associated with any decrease in the rate of rebleeding or the need for operation. (N Engl J Med 1983; 308:1571–5.)
Abstract 2987: Oncogenic Wip1 is activated and negatively regulates DNA-damage induced apoptosis in p53-null cancer cells
Authors: JIYOUNG PARK, Se Jin Jang, Hyang sook Seol, Jene Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Wip1 (wild-type p53-induced phosphatase, or PPM1D) belongs to the protein phosphatase type 2C family and its expression is induced by p53 in response to various stresses. Wip1 is known to dephosphorylate cellular target proteins such as p38 MAPK, p53, and uracil DNA glycosylase that are involved in DNA-repair and cell-cycle-checkpoint pathways. Here, we show that after methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) treatment Wip1 is induced in various breast-cancer cell lines in the absence of wild-type p53 and p38 MAPK activity. Wip1 expression in response to MMS was not blocked by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 or in p38-silenced MCF-7 cells using p38 MAPK small-interfering RNA (siRNA). The Wip1 promoter displayed great induction in breast cancer cell lines, which have DNA-binding deficient p53 mutants, and p53-null cancer cells such as Saos-2, A549-E6 and HCT116(p53−/−), whereas a control promoter, p53-Luc, showed the least promoter activity after MMS treatment. The mutation of p53 response element in the Wip1 promoter decreased its activity in both unstressed and stressed cells, but the overall level of fold-induction was similar. In addition, cell death was greatly increased in Wip1-siRNA and MMS treated cells in comparison with scrambled siRNA and MMS treated cells in the both cell lines of HCT116 (p53 +/+) and HCT116 (p53−/−). Our data indicate that Wip1 induction in response to various stimuli is not solely controlled by p53, and other damage response signaling appears to compensate for p53. Furthermore, Wip1 negatively regulates DNA-damage induced cell death regardless of the presence wild-type p53. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2987.
GA201: A Novel Humanized and Glycoengineered Anti-EGFR Antibody—Response
Authors: Christian A. Gerdes, Pablo Umaña
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

We are pleased that Dr. Modjtahedi found our work on GA201 interesting. The origin of the CDR sequences of GA201 based on the published sequences of the ICR62 antibody is clearly mentioned in our publication ([1][1]). Likewise, previous publications describing the properties of ICR62 were also cited
Narrow-band UVB (TL-01) phototherapy: an effective preventative treatment for the photodermatoses
Authors: P. COLLINS, J. FERGUSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Twenty patients with photodermatoses [actinic prurigo (n = 6), hydroa vacciniforme (n = 4), idiopathic solar urticaria (n = 1), amiodarone-induced photosensitivity (n = 1) and a range of cutaneous porphyrias (n = 8)] were treated with a 'hardening' course of narrow-band ultraviolet B (TL-01) phototherapy in springtime. The response to phototherapy was monitored subjectively, by interviewing patients after the summer, and objectively by monochromator phototesting, before and after phototherapy. Fifteen patients reported that treatment was worthwhile. Monochromator phototesting after phototherapy revealed a fourfold increase in the minimal erythema dose in those with abnormal photosensitivity to ultraviolet A wavebands. Adverse effects included erythema (seven patients), pruritus (five) and provocation of the eruption (four). We now routinely consider narrow-band UVB phototherapy for problem photodermatoses.
Effect of Norethynodrel in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jerome Rotstein
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The report by Gilbert et al in the Negative Results section (<i>JAMA</i><b>190</b>:235 [Oct 19] 1964) on norethynodrel with mestranol provides a feeble basis for rejecting the earlier observation<sup>1</sup>that drug-induced pseudopregnancy alleviates rheumatoid arthritis in women. The inclusion of four males in the series of 17 patients may constitute a parallel study, but since the results are not given separately by sex, these cases simply impair the test of the primary hypothesis. Likewise, the inclusion of five patients receiving titrated doses of other steroid hormones obscures interpretation of results. Decrease in corticoid requirements in all five patients may have been permitted by partial suppression of the rheumatoid process by norethynodrel, with resultant masking of clinical response. Regarding the study design, assignment of treatment "on an alternate basis" is not equivalent to randomized assignments, and since improvement appeared only in the group receiving the drug
Design, synthesis and evaluation of genistein-polyamine conjugates as multi-functional anti-Alzheimer agents
Authors: Xin Zhang, Jiang Wang, Chen Hong, Wen Luo, Chaojie Wang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

A series of genistein-polyamine conjugates (4a-4h) were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multi-functional anti-Alzheimer agents. The results showed that these compounds had significant cholinesterases (ChEs) inhibitory activity. Compound 4b exhibited the strongest inhibition to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 value of 2.75 μmol/L, which was better than that of rivastigmine (5.60 μmol/L). Lineweaver-Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that compound 4b targeted both the catalytic active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Besides, compound 4b showed potent metal-chelating ability. In addition, it was found that 4a-4h did not affect HepG-2 cell viability at the concentration of 10 μmol/L.
Publication Criteria for Statistical Prediction Models
Authors: Walter Palmas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 February 1993Publication Criteria for Statistical Prediction ModelsWalter Palmas, MD, Timothy A. Denton, MD, and George A. Diamond, MDWalter Palmas, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Timothy A. Denton, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and George A. Diamond, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-3-199302010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Multivariable regression is a statistical procedure defining the relation between an outcome and a set of surrogate observations. The procedure is used either to identify the observations that provide independent information with respect to the outcome (descriptive modeling) or to estimate the likelihood of the outcome in a given patient from the set of observations particular to that patient (predictive modeling).Bickell and colleagues [1] recently used a multivariable regression model to evaluate retrospectively the presence of gender bias in the management of patients with coronary artery disease. The male-female odds ratio for surgical referral was calculated ...References1. Bickell NA, Pieper KS, Lee KL, Mark DB, Glower DD, Pryor DB, et al. Referral patterns for coronary artery disease treatment: gender bias or good clinical judgment? Ann Intern Med. 1992; 116:791-7. Google Scholar2. Diamond GA. How accurate is SPECT thallium scintigraphy? J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990; 16:1017-21. Google Scholar3. Information for contributors. Science. 1992; 255:36-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySeptic Shock Should Be Included in Multivariable Models Analyzing the Effect of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy on MortalityAn Appraisal of Multivariable Logistic Models in the Pulmonary and Critical Care Literaturea 1 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 3Page: 231-232KeywordsDisclosureGender discriminationOdds ratioPopulation statisticsPredictive modelingStable coronary artery diseaseStandard deviationStatistical dataStatistical models ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SYSTEMS OF CARE ON THE USE OF PROTOCOLS AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVES IN COMMUNITY HOSPITALS WITHOUT CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION LABORATORIES
Authors: Chauncy B. Handran, Kelsey L. Baran, Jason T. Henry, Monique G. Ross, Ross F. Garberich, David M. Larson, Scott W. Sharkey, Timothy D. Henry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effect of Dietary Fat on Human Breast Cancer Growth and Lung Metastasis in Nude Mice
Authors: D. P. Rose, J. M. Connolly, C. L. Meschter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Results from epidemiological studies have generally indicated an association of dietary saturated animal fats with human breast cancer risk. Some studies, however, have suggested a similar association for some polyunsaturated vegetable fats shown to promote both rodent mammary carcinogenesis and metastasis. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of corn oil on growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells, which have a propensity for metastasis. Corn oil is rich in the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid. Fifty-eight female athymic nude mice (NCr-nu/nu) were fed a high-fat diet (23% wt/wt corn oil; 12% linoleic acid) or a low-fat diet (5% wt/wt corn oil; 2.7% linoleic acid). Seven days after diets were started, tumor cells (1 x 10(6) were injected into a mammary fat pad. The time to appearance of solid tumors and the tumor size were recorded. After 15 weeks, the study was terminated, and autopsies were performed to determine the weight of the primary tumor and the extent of metastasis. The latent interval for tumor appearance in the animals fed the high-fat diet was shorter than that in the low-fat diet group, and the tumor growth rate in the high-fat diet group showed a small but statistically significant increase compared with the low-fat diet group. Primary tumors developed in 27 of the 29 mice on the high-fat diet and in 21 of the 29 on the low-fat diet. Of the mice with palpable primary tumors, 18 of 27 in the high-fat diet group and eight of 21 in the low-fat diet group had macroscopic lung metastases. The extent of metastasis in the high-fat diet group was independent of the primary tumor weight, but only those in the low-fat diet group with primary tumors weighing more than 2 g developed metastases. These results suggest that a high-fat diet rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid can enhance metastasis of human breast cancer cells in this mouse model. The findings support the need for further study of the relationship between dietary polyunsaturated fats and breast cancer risk and for experiments to determine the effect on metastasis of only a 50% difference in fat intake--the dietary goal of the proposed clinical trials of low-fat dietary intervention in breast cancer patients.
We shall never see his like again
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Frederick Parkes Weber, of the German Hospital, Dalston, London, probably had more eponymous syndromes named for him than any other doctor who lived. He was the son of Sir Hermann Weber, the German physician to Queen Victoria, who lived to be 95; Parkes Weber lived to be 99 and he published his last paper at the age of 97. This beat the record of his father, who published a paper in the BMJ when he was 95 entitled “On the influence of muscular exertion on longevity.”

The German Hospital, now being turned into luxury flats, served the German speaking population of London in a strictly non-denominational way, and both Marx and Joseph Conrad were once patients. The physicians had …
Peptic ulcer: medical treatment.
Authors: M J Langman
Journal: BMJ (1969)

to have an abnormality in the x-ray film.Features of the ulcer itself, such as the sharpness of its edges, prominence of a surrounding hyperaemic halo, and the shape and character of the base, can be studied; peptic ulcers can also be examined in the context of surrounding mucosal abnormalities and dis- turbances of motility.Such cumulative data can be important in distinguishing benign from neoplastic ulceration, and may help predictions on prospects for healing of individual peptic ulcers. Intragastric PhotographyThe procedure for obtaining photographs at different points in the stomach by means of a miniature intragastric camera mounted on the end of a narrow flexible tube was revived in Japan in 1950, and the evolution of the method has been described elsewhere.1'In Japan gastric photography is carried out on many thousands of persons every year, for both diagnostic and screening purposes, particular stress being laid on the detection of localized and treatable carcinomas.While the technique is safe, simple, and easily learnt, difficulties sometimes arise in the interpretation of gastrophotos, which in Japan is a specially learnt discipline.In some patients with radiologically negative dyspepsia gastric photography will show evidence of peptic ulceration.Thus Blendis and his colleagues"5 found 13 among 117 patients who had photographic evidence of ulceration after negative radiographs, while others'8 17 have suggested that gastric ulcers are seen more frequently by gastrophotography than by gastroscopy.Nevertheless, these comparisons were made on the results of examinations using conventional semi- flexible lens system gastroscopes, which are considerably less effective than the most recently available fibrescopes." Blind " intragastric photography is likely to be superseded
The Importance of Dialogue
Authors: Irving S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1973)

It is altogether fitting that the essay of Lord Snow dealing with humanistic aspects of patient care be published in JAMA . He addressed himself—throughout his scientific training as a physicist and his brilliant career as an author —to precisely this dialogue of bringing together science and the humanities. In his work as a novelist and essayist he has portrayed the question of life and death concretely and meaningfully, within the context of our scientifically explosive times. His art has increased our perception of the human phenomenon.  During this past century of medical therapeutic advances, a series of revolutions has taken place that have conglomerately diminished man in his own view, changed society, and destroyed faith in the absolute philosophic values previously taken for granted. The industrial and Darwinian revolutions of the turn of the century, the scientific revolution bringing us into the atomic, computerized age by the middle of this
Leukemic manifestation in a case of alpha‐chain disease with multiple polypoid intestinal lymphocytic lymphoma
Authors: Chao‐Sung Chang, Sheng‐Fung Lin, Tyen‐Po Chen, Hong‐Wen Liu, Ta‐Chi Liu, Chin‐Yang Li, Mei‐Chyn Chao, Pei‐Lin Wu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract We describe a female aborigine from Taiwan with alpha‐chain disease associated with multiple polypoid intestinal lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemic manifestation. Initially, the patient experienced intermittent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and leukemic manifestation. No evidence of bone marrow involvement was found. Alpha‐chain protein was demonstrated in the serum. Gastroendoscopy and a series of radiographs of the small intestine revealed multiple polypoid tumors involving the entire length of the small intestine. Duodenal biopsy showed diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor samples revealed features typical of alpha‐chain disease. Cytogenetic analysis showed the same abnormal karyotypes of neoplastic clones in intestinal tumor cells and in circulating leukemic cells. The data suggest that alpha‐chain disease can present initially with intestinal multiple polypoid lymphocytic lymphoma and leukemic manifestation without evidence of bone marrow involvement. The data also support the homing theory of lymphomas from mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.