tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characterization of serum platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase. Correlation between deficiency of serum PAF acetylhydrolase and respiratory symptoms in asthmatic children.
Authors: M Miwa, T Miyake, T Yamanaka, J Sugatani, Y Suzuki, S Sakata, Y Araki, M Matsumoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase has been recognized as an enzyme that inactivates PAF. We developed a convenient and reproducible method for determining human serum PAF acetylhydrolase activity. The assay was based on measurement of [14C]acetate produced from 1-O-alkyl-2-[14C]-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine upon precipitation of the complex of radioactive substrate and albumin with TCA. The apparent Km value of PAF acetylhydrolase (near the physiological concentration of serum protein) was 1.5 X 10(-4) M PAF. 32 subjects with serum PAF acetylhydrolase deficiency were found among 816 healthy Japanese adults. The low PAF acetylhydrolase activity in the deficient serum might not be due to the presence of enzyme inhibitor. Both the sensitivity to PAF and the metabolism of PAF in platelets from PAF acetylhydrolase-deficient subjects were almost the same as those of normal subjects. Deficiency in serum PAF acetylhydrolase appeared to be transmitted by autosomal recessive heredity among five Japanese families. Among healthy adults, healthy children, and asthmatic children, who were grouped into five classes on the basis of respiratory symptoms (remission, wheezy, mild, moderate, and severe groups), the probability of PAF acetylhydrolase deficiency was significantly higher in groups with severe symptoms (moderate and severe) (P less than 0.01). These results suggest that deficiency of serum PAF acetylhydrolase might be one of the factors leading to severe respiratory symptoms in asthmatic children.
Lack of association between HFE gene mutations and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: V Boige
Journal: Gut (2003)

<b>Background:</b> Liver cirrhosis may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), regardless of its cause. Genetic and/or environmental factors may modulate the risk of HCC. Mutations in the HFE gene are responsible for genetic haemochromatosis, a condition known to be associated with liver cirrhosis, HCC, or both. It has recently been suggested that the C282Y HFE gene mutation may be more frequent in patients with HCC that have developed in the non-cirrhotic liver than in the general population. Whether or not HFE gene mutations are associated with an increased risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis is unknown. <b>Aim:</b> To assess the prevalence of HFE gene mutations in cirrhotic patients with and without HCC. <b>Patients and methods:</b> A total of 133 consecutive cirrhotic patients with HCC were prospectively studied for the presence of C282Y and H63D mutations. The control group consisted of 100 cirrhotic patients without HCC. We used restriction enzyme digestion of polymerase chain reaction amplified genomic DNA for determination of HFE genotypes. Iron loading was assessed on non- tumoral liver biopsy samples from 89 patients with HCC and 73 patients without HCC. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of C282Y heterozygotes was similar in patients with and without HCC (5% <i>v</i> 4%, respectively; p=0.65) and did not differ from that expected in the general population. None of the HCC patients was found to be homozygous for C282Y or H63D, nor compound heterozygous. The prevalence of H63D heterozygotes was similar in patients with and without HCC (31% <i>v</i> 38%, respectively; p=0.25). No relation was detected between HFE genotypes and hepatic iron loading in patients with or without HCC. <b>Conclusion:</b> C282Y and H63D mutations do not appear to be associated with an increased risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis.
Deep-vein thrombosis in patients with multiple myeloma receiving first-line thalidomide-dexamethasone therapy
Authors: Michele Cavo, Elena Zamagni, Claudia Cellini, Patrizia Tosi, Delia Cangini, Michela Cini, Lelia Valdrè, Gualtiero Palareti, Luciano Masini, Sante Tura, Michele Baccarani
Journal: Blood (2002)
Accession-Specific Haplotypes of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region in Arabidopsis thaliana--A Means for Barcoding Populations
Authors: U. K. Simon, S. Trajanoski, T. Kroneis, P. Sedlmayr, C. Guelly, H. Guttenberger
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2012)

Eukaryote genomes contain multiple copies of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) harboring both highly conserved and variable regions. This has made nrDNA the most popular genetic marker for phylogenetic studies and the region of choice for barcoding projects. Furthermore, many scientists believe that all copies of nrDNA within one nucleus are practically identical due to concerted evolution. Here, we investigate the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana for intragenomic variation of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nrDNA. Based on a modified deep sequencing approach, we provide a comprehensive list of ITS polymorphisms present in the two most widely used accessions of A. thaliana—Col-0 and Ler. Interestingly, we found that some polymorphisms are shared between these genetically very distinct accessions. On the other hand, the high number of accession-specific polymorphisms shows that each accession can be clearly and easily characterized by its specific ITS polymorphism patterns and haplotypes. Network analysis based on the detected haplotypes demonstrates that the study of ITS polymorphism patterns and haplotypes is an extremely powerful tool for population genetics. Using the methods proposed here, it will now be possible to extend the traditionally species-bound barcoding concept to populations.
Genetic basis for T cell recognition of a major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted neo-self peptide.
Authors: D M Cerasoli, M P Riley, F F Shih, A J Caton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

We have analyzed the genetic basis for T cell recognition of an endogenous major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted self peptide. Transgenic mice expressing the influenza virus PR8 hemagglutinin I-Ed-restricted determinant S1 (HA Tg mice) mediate negative selection of PR8 S1-specific T cells, but respond to immunization with a virus containing a closely related analogue, S1(K113). Sequence analysis of S1(K113)-specific T cell receptors (TCR) from nontransgenic mice revealed a dominant TCR clonotype that cross-reacts with PR8 S1. This clonotype is eliminated by negative selection in HA Tg mice; nonetheless, modified versions of this TCR that used altered junctional sequences and a novel V alpha/V beta pairing to evade negative selection by the S1 self peptide were identified. The remaining S1(K113)-specific TCRs from HA Tg mice were highly diverse; 13 of 15 S1(K113)-specific TCRs from HA Tg mice used unique V alpha/V beta pairings. Thus, tolerance to PR8 S1 as a self peptide does not limit the diversity of the T cell response to S1(K113).
Cost-effectiveness of a community-based physical activity programme for adults (Be Active) in the UK: an economic analysis within a natural experiment
Authors: Emma J Frew, Mobeen Bhatti, Khine Win, Alice Sitch, Anna Lyon, Miranda Pallan, Peymane Adab
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

To determine the cost-effectiveness of a physical activity programme (Be Active) aimed at city-dwelling adults living in Birmingham, UK.Very little is known about the cost-effectiveness of public health programmes to improve city-wide physical activity rates. This paper presents a cost-effectiveness analysis that compares a physical activity intervention (Be Active) with no intervention (usual care) using an economic model to quantify the reduction in disease risk over a lifetime. Metabolic equivalent minutes achieved per week, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained and healthcare costs were all included as the main outcome measures in the model. A cost-benefit analysis was also conducted using 'willingness-to-pay' as a measure of value.Under base-case assumptions-that is, assuming that the benefits of increased physical activity are sustained over 5 years, participation in the Be Active programme increased quality-adjusted life expectancy by 0.06 years, at an expected discounted cost of £3552, and thus the cost-effectiveness of Be Active is £400 per QALY. When the start-up costs of the programme are removed from the economic model, the cost-effectiveness is further improved to £16 per QALY. The societal value placed on the Be Active programme was greater than the operation cost therefore the Be Active physical activity intervention results in a net benefit to society.Participation in Be Active appeared to be cost-effective and cost-beneficial. These results support the use of Be Active as part of a public health programme to improve physical activity levels within the Birmingham-wide population.
Drug Therapy and Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: J. E. Macgregor
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Assuming we do not start from trap (3), the figures in the third column of the Table in the Minister's letter to Dr. Cameron (Supple- ment, 22 August, p. 121) do not matter.But, for my curiosity, how does 7s.9d. in the £1 on £200 become £30 ?Even at the lowest rate it is £40.And by what reasoning could the Minister say the lowest rates apply ?And why the G.M.S. Committee's evasiveness (Supplement, 29 August, p.
Effect of Conjugated Dihydroxy Bile Salts on Electrolyte Transport in Rat Colon
Authors: Henry J. Binder, Claudia L. Rawlins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

The mechanism by which excess quantities of bile salts in the colon produce diarrhea is not known. Therefore, experiments were performed in which the effect of conjugated dihydroxy bile salts on ion transport was evaluated in the in vitro short-circuited rat colon. 2 mM glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDC), or taurodeoxycholic acid caused a prompt increase in short-circuit current (I(sc)) and electrical potential difference (PD). Similar results were obtained when theophylline was added. Removal of HCO(2) and C1 prevented the effects of both bile salts and theophylline. Pretreatment with theophylline blocked the increase in I(sc) and PD produced by TCDC and pretreatment with either TCDC or GCDC inhibited the expected theophylline response. Na fluxes in the presence of both TCDC and theophylline demonstrated a decrease in net absorption; and TCDC decreased net C1 absorption and theophylline caused a reversal of net C1 absorption to net C1 secretion. It is proposed that the diarrhea associated with cholerheic enteropathy is produced by active anion secretion possibly mediated by cyclic AMP.
Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injury in the tennis player
Authors: Geoffrey D Abrams, Per A Renstrom, Marc R Safran
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

Tennis is a popular sport with tens of millions of players participating worldwide. This popularity was one factor leading to the reappearance of tennis as a medal sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. The volume of play, combined with the physical demands of the sports, can lead to injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Overall, injury incidence and prevalence in tennis has been reported in a number of investigations. The sport creates specific demands on the musculoskeletal system, with acute injuries, such as ankle sprains, being more frequent in the lower extremity while chronic overuse injuries, such as lateral epicondylitis, are more common in the upper extremity in the recreational player and shoulder pain more common in the high-level player. This review discusses the epidemiology of injuries frequently experienced in tennis players and examines some of these injuries' correlation with the development of osteoarthritis. In addition, player-specific factors, such as age, sex, volume of play, skill level, racquet properties and grip positions as well as the effect of playing surface on the incidence and prevalence of injury is reported. Finally, recommendations on standardisation of future epidemiological studies on tennis injuries are made in order to be able to more easily compare results of future investigations.
Transforming growth factor-beta activation in irradiated murine mammary gland.
Authors: M H Barcellos-Hoff, R Derynck, M L Tsang, J A Weatherbee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The biological activity of TGF-beta, an important modulator of cell proliferation and extracellular matrix formation, is governed by dissociation of mature TGF-beta from an inactive, latent TGF-beta complex in a process that is critical to its role in vivo. So far, it has not been possible to monitor activation in vivo since conventional immunohistochemical detection does not accurately discriminate latent versus active TGF-beta, nor have events associated with activation been defined well enough to serve as in situ markers of this process. We describe here a modified immunodetection method using differential antibody staining that allows the specific detection of active versus latent TGF-beta. Under these conditions, we report that an antibody raised to latency-associated peptide detects latent TGF-beta, and we demonstrate that LC(1-30) antibodies specifically recognize active TGF-beta 1 in tumor xenografts overproducing active TGF-beta 1, without cross-reactivity in tumors expressing similar levels of latent TGF-beta 1. We previously reported that TGF-beta immunoreactivity increases in murine mammary gland after whole-body 60Co-gamma radiation exposure. Using differential antibody staining we now show that radiation exposure specifically generates active TGF-beta 1. While latent TGF-beta 1 was widely distributed in unirradiated tissue, active TGF-beta 1 distribution was restricted. Active TGF-beta 1 increased significantly within 1 h of irradiation concomitant with decreased latent TGF-beta immunoreactivity. This rapid shift in immunoreactivity provides the first evidence for activation of TGF-beta in situ. This reciprocal pattern of expression persisted for 3 d and was accompanied by decreased recovery of latent TGF-beta 1 from irradiated tissue. Radiation-induced activation of TGF-beta may have profound implications for understanding tissue effects caused by radiation therapy.
Immunization against hepatitis C virus with a fusion protein containing the extra domain A from fibronectin and the hepatitis C virus NS3 protein
Authors: Cristina Mansilla, Marta Gorraiz, Marta Martinez, Noelia Casares, Laura Arribillaga, Francesc Rudilla, Iciar Echeverria, José Ignacio Riezu-Boj, Pablo Sarobe, Francisco Borrás-Cuesta, Jesús Prieto, Juan José Lasarte
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The current status of stunning, hibernation, and preconditioning
Authors: D. D. Yellon
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The current status of stunning, hibernation, and preconditioning Dr Derek Yellon Dr Derek Yellon Dr Derek Yellon - Chairman (UK), Dr Bob Jennings (USA), Dr Roberto Bolli (USA), Professor David Hearse (UK), Dr Robert Kloner (USA), Dr Keith Reimer (USA). Dr Lewis Becker (USA). Dr James Downey (USA). Dr Robert Engler (USA). Professor Roberto Ferrari (Italy), Professor Keith Fox (UK), Dr Garrett Gross (USA), Dr Harry Gruber (USA), Professor Andrew Henderson (UK). Professor Philippe Menasche (France), Dr Kevin Mullane (USA), Professor Lionel Opie (South Africa), Professor Philip Poole-Wilson (UK). Dr Karin Pryzklenk (USA). Mr Wilf Pugsley (UK). Dr David Shapiro (USA). Dr Jan Steiner (UK). Professor Marko Turina (Switzerland), Mr Tom Treasure (UK). Mr Graham Venn (UK). Mr Stephen Westaby (UK), Dr Malcolm Walker (UK), Dr Peter Whittaker (USA), Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub (UK). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 1993, Pages 886–890, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.5.886 Published: 01 May 1993
Fluconazole in the treatment of refractory oral candidiasis and tinea pedis in an elderly patient
Authors: E. Hansen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Fluconazole in the treatment of refractory oral candidiasis and tinea pedis in an elderly patient Get access E. Hansen E. Hansen Fjordgaten 49, N‐7010 Trondheim, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue 6, 1 June 1990, Page 839, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb06277.x Published: 01 June 1990
Pharmacologic Chaperones as a Potential Treatment for X-Linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Virginie Bernier, Jean-Pierre Morello, Alexandro Zarruk, Nicolas Debrand, Ali Salahpour, Michèle Lonergan, Marie-Franc[COMBINING CEDILLA]oise Arthus, André Laperrière, Rémi Brouard, Michel Bouvier, Daniel G. Bichet
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

In many mendelian diseases, some mutations result in the synthesis of misfolded proteins that cannot reach a transport-competent conformation. In X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, most of the mutant vasopressin 2 (V2) receptors are trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum and degraded. They are unable to reach the plasma membrane and promote water reabsorption through the principal cells of the collecting ducts. Herein is reported two types of experiments: In vivo studies to assess clinically a short-term treatment with a nonpeptide V1a receptor antagonist (SR49059) and in vitro studies in cultured cell systems. In patients, SR49059 decreased 24- h urine volume (11.9 +/- 2.3 to 8.2 +/- 2.0 L; P = 0.005) and water intake (10.7 +/- 1.9 to 7.2 +/- 1.6 L; P < 0.05). Maximum increase in urine osmolality was observed on day 3 (98 +/- 22 to 170 +/- 52 mOsm/kg; P = 0.05). Sodium, potassium, and creatinine excretions and plasma sodium were constant throughout the study. In vitro studies indicate that the nonpeptide V1a receptor antagonist SR49059 and the V1a/V2 receptor antagonist YM087 (Conivaptan) rescued cell surface expression and function of mutant V2 receptors. Mutant V2 receptors with nonsense mutations were not affected by the treatment. Misfolded V2 receptor mutants were rescued in vitro and also in vivo by nonpeptide antagonists. This therapeutic approach could be applied to the treatment of several hereditary diseases that result from errors in protein folding and kinesis.
Categories and Dimensions, Brain and Behavior
Authors: Ellen Leibenluft
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Symptom-Producing Interposition of the Colon
Authors: Christos N. Lekkas
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Interposition of the colon between the liver and diaphragm, ie, Chilaiditi's syndrome, visible during roentgenographic examination, has been described as an asymptomatic finding in adults of no clinical importance: it is occasionally symptom-producing in children. In mentally retarded adults, however, a unique syndrome commonly occurs, characterized by nausea, pain, vomiting, anorexia, distension, audible bowel sounds, and constipation: all are associated with three roentgenographic features of interposition. The symptoms respond to simple treatment and can be prevented by routine prophylactic measures. (<i>JAMA</i>240:747-750, 1978)
AORTIC STENOSIS, ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND SKELETAL BONE: IS THERE A COMMON LINK WITH CALCIFICATION AND INFLAMMATION?
Authors: Marc Dweck, Juet H. Khaw, Greg KZ Sng, Elton Luo, Andrew Baird, Michelle C. Williams, Phoebe E. Makiello, Nikhil V. Joshi, James HF Rudd, David E. Newby
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A randomised phase III trial comparing consolidation treatment with further chemotherapy to chest irradiation in patients with initially unresectable locoregional non-small-cell lung cancer responding to induction chemotherapy
Authors: J.P. Sculier, M. Paesmans, J.J. Lafitte, J. Baumöhl, J. Thiriaux, O. van Cutsem, P. Recloux, G. Bureau, M.C. Berchier, C. Zacharias, P. Mommen, T. Bosschaerts, T. Berghmans, P. van Houtte, V. Ninane
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)

A phase III randomised trial was conducted in patients with non-metastatic unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer in order to compare, in responders to induction chemotherapy, consolidation treatment by further chemotherapy to chest irradiation.A total of 462 untreated NSCLC patients were eligible for three courses of induction chemotherapy (MIP) consisting of cisplatin (50 mg/m2), ifosfamide (3 g/m2) and mitomycin C (6 mg/m2). It was proposed that objective responders be randomised to either three further courses of MIP or to chest irradiation (60 Gy; 2 Gy per fraction given over six weeks).An objective response rate of 35% was achieved; 115 patients (including 52% with initial stage IIIA and 44% with initial stage IIIB) were randomised to consolidation treatment, 60 of them to further chemotherapy and 55 to chest radiotherapy. There was no significant difference in survival between the two arms, with a respective median and two-year survival of 42 weeks (95% confidence intervals (95% CI: 35-51) and 18% (95% CI: 8-28) for chemotherapy and 54 weeks (95% CI: 43-73) and 22% (95% CI: 11-33) for irradiation. There was also no statistical difference for response duration between the two arms but chest irradiation was associated with a significantly greater duration of local control than chemotherapy (median duration times: 158 vs. 31 weeks, P = 0.0007).For non-metastatic unresectable NSCLC treated by an induction chemotherapy regimen containing cisplatin and ifosfamide, if an objective response is obtained, consolidation treatments by further chemotherapy or by chest irradiation result in non-statistically different survival distributions, although a better local control duration is observed with radiotherapy.
An unusual case of haemoptysis
Authors: Jovin John Mathew, Nicholas Paul Hollings, Jonathan Daniel Myers
Journal: Thorax (2013)

An 18-year-old female subject with a history of decortication for right sided, postpneumonic pleural thickening presented with haemoptysis. A CT pulmonary angiogram showed marked hypoplasia of the right main, lobar and segmental pulmonary arteries, along with reduced volume of the …