tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T and A1298C Polymorphisms and Risk of Breast Cancer in Mexican Women: An Interim Report of a Case-Control Study.
Authors: S. Scott, T. Loyo, J. Borbolla, L. Villela, Y. Perfecto, S. Cardona
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Among other causes, Breast Cancer (BC) appears as a result of genetic and epigenetic changes. Modifications in important pathways, such as the reactions that provide essential cofactors for synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (one-carbon metabolism), and those involved in DNA synthesis and methylation could be linked to the development of this disease. Research has been conducted about whether MTHFR polymorphisms are related to the development of breast cancer in at least 10 different races, with different outcomes. Two of the most frequently studied MTHFR polymorphisms are C677T and A1298C, and their frequency is unknown among Mexican women. Our objective was to determine the frequency of these two polymorphisms and to ascertain weather their presence increases the risk of developing BC in our population.Materials and methods: 37 blood samples from histopatologically confirmed breast cancer patients were collected from hospitals in Monterrey, Uruapan and Villahermosa, all in Mexico. 115 healthy control samples were obtained from the same cities, and were matched for age in 5-year interval-groups. Cases and controls were third generation Mexican and older than 18 years. Genotyping of every sample was performed by PCR and restriction with enzymes.Results: The C677T Polymorphism was found in 28 cases (75.67%), whereas 76/115 controls (66.08%) showed the polymorphic allele. Case-controls analysis was adjusted to the confounding variable age group, an odds ratio of 1.58 (IC 95% de 0.66 – 3.82) was obtained. We did not find a significant relationship between the presence of the C677T polymorphism and the presence of breast cancer. The A1298C Polymorphism was found in 19/37 cases (51.35%), while only 32/115 (27.82%) of the control samples contained the allele. The odds ratio adjusted for the same confounding variable was 2.72 (IC 95%: 1.26 – 5.87). These results suggest a significant association between the presence of the polymorphism and BC.Discussion: Despite the exhaustive research that has been conducted regarding MTHFR polymorphisms C677T and A1298C, their association to the risk of breast cancer remains unclear. Some research groups even suggest that the presence of the polymorphisms, either individually or combined, confers certain protection against the disease. Up until now there were no data in Mexican population. Differences in the results of different works probably lie in the nature of the populations analyzed and the experimental design. We believe that a bigger sample size will allow us to determine if A1298C polymorphism is indeed, a risk factor for BC in Mexican women. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3064.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail apparatus: clinicopathological study of 35 cases
Authors: S. Dalle, L. Depape, A. Phan, B. Balme, S. Ronger-Savle, L. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Subungual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare. Its diagnosis is often missed or delayed because the clinical presentation is often atypical and can mimic other conditions such as verruca vulgaris, onychomycosis, trauma-induced nail dystrophy or exostosis.To define the different clinical presentations and the main pathological features and to evaluate the most appropriate surgical management of subungual SCC.A retrospective review of all the cases of subungual SCC seen in our institution over a 5-year period.Thirty-five cases were selected. The spectrum of the clinical features encountered was extremely large including leuconychia, subungual hyperkeratosis, trachonychia, subungual tumoral syndrome, longitudinal erythronychia and melanonychia. Most cases (31 of 35) were invasive. Relapse rate after surgical treatment was low after wide surgical excision (5%) of the nail apparatus or amputation of the digit. However, limited surgical excision led to more frequent relapses (56%).Nail apparatus SCC is often misdiagnosed. Most cases are invasive at the time of diagnosis. Wide surgical excision bears a lower risk of relapse. Micrographic surgery should be considered for a better control in cases treated with limited surgical excision.
1170-141 Initial results regarding the safety, tolerability, and hemodynamic effects of CVT-3146, a selective adenosine A2A agonist, in patients undergoing pharmacologic stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Robert C Hendel, John J Mahmarian, Timothy M Bateman, Manuel D Cerqueira, Ami E Iskandrian, Markus Jerling, Hisham Y Abdallah, Jeffrey A Leppo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Protein Intake and Risk of Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: W.-H. Chow, G. Gridley, J. K. McLaughlin, J. S. Mandel, S. Wacholder, W. J. Blot, S. Niwa, J. F. Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Renal cell cancer, although still relatively uncommon, has been increasing in incidence in the United States and other countries around the world.Since previous studies have suggested an association with high intake of meat, we sought to further examine the role of diet in renal cell cancer risk.Patients with histologically confirmed renal cell cancer that had been diagnosed between July 1, 1988, and December 31, 1990, were identified through the Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System, a statewide cancer registry. The patients eligible for inclusion in this study were white residents of Minnesota between 20 and 79 years of age. Control subjects were selected from the general population of Minnesota residents; subjects under age 65 were selected by use of a random-digit-dialing method and those 65 years or older were sampled from the Health Care Financing Administration files. Population-based control subjects were frequency-matched to cases by sex and 5-year age groups. A total of 690 patients and 707 control subjects were interviewed. Patients and control subjects were similar in distribution by sex, age, and educational level. Usual adult dietary intakes were assessed by questionnaire, and odds ratios were calculated by logistic regression analyses.Significantly increased risks of renal cell cancer were observed with increasing consumption of several food groups, including red meat (P for trend = .05), high-protein foods (P = .01), and staple (grains, breads, and potatoes) foods (P = .009). When examined by macronutrient status, risks increased monotonically with the amount of protein intake, from 1.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.7-1.9) to 1.4 (95% CI = 0.8-2.5) and 1.9 (95% CI = 1.0-3.6) (P for trend = .03) in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of intake, respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, caloric intake, body mass index, and cigarette smoking. No significant or consistent associations were detected with the intake of other dietary nutrients or beverages.Although an independent effect of dietary protein has not been previously associated with renal cell cancer, high protein consumption has been related to development of other chronic renal conditions that may predispose an individual to this cancer.These findings should prompt further study of dietary protein and its potential contribution to the origins of renal cell cancer.
Thirty-Year Trends (1975 to 2005) in the Magnitude of, Management of, and Hospital Death Rates Associated With Cardiogenic Shock in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Robert J. Goldberg, Frederick A. Spencer, Joel M. Gore, Darleen Lessard, Jorge Yarzebski
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Limited information is available about potentially changing and contemporary trends in the incidence and hospital death rates of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. The objectives of our study were to examine 3-decade-long trends (1975 to 2005) in the incidence rates of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction, patient characteristics and treatment practices associated with this clinical complication, and hospital death rates in residents of a large central New England community hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction at all area medical centers. Methods and Results— The study population consisted of 13 663 residents of the Worcester (Mass) metropolitan area hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction at all greater Worcester medical centers during 15 annual periods between 1975 and 2005. Overall, 6.6% of patients developed cardiogenic shock during their index hospitalization. The incidence rates of cardiogenic shock remained stable between 1975 and the late 1990s but declined in an inconsistent manner thereafter. Patients in whom cardiogenic shock developed had a significantly greater risk of dying during hospitalization (65.4%) than those who did not develop cardiogenic shock (10.6%) ( P &lt;0.001). Encouraging increases in hospital survival in patients with cardiogenic shock, however, were observed from the mid-1990s to our most recent study years. Several patient demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with an increased risk for developing cardiogenic shock. Conclusions— Our findings indicate improving trends in the hospital prognosis associated with cardiogenic shock. Given the high death rates associated with this clinical complication, monitoring future trends in the incidence and death rates and the factors associated with an increased risk for developing cardiogenic shock remains warranted.
LOCAL TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS.Read in the Section on Dermatology at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: R. C. LONGFELLOW
Journal: JAMA (1894)

that there was a loss of substance of the radius and an interposition of muscle between the fragments.My own two cases were fractures of the upper third of the humérus.In the first, a young lady of 25, the constriction was applied four weeks after the injury.It resulted in no benefit.The case then drifted into other hands and I am unable to state the present condition of the arm.My second case was a youth of 20.Four weeks after the accident no callus could be felt.After a week of the above described treatment an abundant callus had formed and a month later he was discharged, cured.These cases, together with those reported by Nico- ladoni, Thomas and Jones,5 where methods involv¬ ing the same principle were used, indicate that in constriction and the resulting hyperemia we have a valuable adjunct to the better known methods of treatment in delayed union and pseudarthrosis.
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults: clinical features, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, and outcome from the large randomized prospective trial (UKALL XII/ECOG 2993)
Authors: David I. Marks, Elisabeth M. Paietta, Anthony V. Moorman, Susan M. Richards, Georgina Buck, Gordon DeWald, Adolfo Ferrando, Adele K. Fielding, Anthony H. Goldstone, Rhett P. Ketterling, Mark R. Litzow, Selina M. Luger, Andrew K. McMillan, Marc R. Mansour, Jacob M. Rowe, Martin S. Tallman, Hillard M. Lazarus
Journal: Blood (2009)
Hearwear: The Future of Hearing
Authors: Colin Martin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

An exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London SW7, until 5 March 2006 www.vam.ac.uk/exhibitions/future\_exhibs/hear\_wear/index.html Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> H earing loss is linked to age, so the fact that people are living longer, coupled with increasing levels of noise pollution, means that hearing will become an even larger health and social issue in future. According to the Royal National Institute for the Deaf, nine million people in the United Kingdom are deaf or hard of hearing and, although two million people have been fitted with hearing aids, three million more could benefit from wearing one. The worldwide estimate for deafness and hearing impairment, currently 300 million, could rise to 910 million by 2050. Although technological advances have benefited hearing aid users, their design and primary functions have not developed significantly in 30 years. They are stuck in a stylistic … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
A syllable-centric framework for the evolution of spoken language
Authors: Steven Greenberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The cyclic nature of speech production, as manifested in the syllabic organization of spoken language, is likely to reflect general properties of sensori-motor integration rather than merely a phylogenetic progression from mastication, teeth chattering, and lipsmacks. The temporal properties of spontaneous speech reflect the entropy of its underlying constituents and are optimized for rapid transmission and decoding of linguistic information conveyed by a complex constellation of acoustic and visual cues, suggesting that the dawn of human language may have occurred when the articulatory cycle was efficiently yoked to the temporal dynamics of sensory coding and rapid retrieval from referential memory.
Use artesunate not quinine to treat severe malaria, say experts
Authors: G. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The international medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) is calling for a prompt switch from quinine to artesunate to treat all cases of severe malaria. In its new report Making the Switch it claims that the change could save 200 000 lives a year.

The call finds timely support in a policy change announced on 18 April by the World Health Organization. Having backed artesunate for use in adults since 2006, WHO is now recommending that the drug be used in children.

Artesunate is a derivative of the plant compound artemisinin. A clinical trial carried out in 2010 in nine African countries concluded that …
Diabetic Retinopathy Is Associated With Elevated Serum Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginines
Authors: Sotoodeh Abhary, Nicholas Kasmeridis, Kathryn P. Burdon, Abraham Kuot, Malcolm J. Whiting, Wai Ping Yew, Nikolai Petrovsky, Jamie E. Craig
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and l-arginine directly influence nitric oxide production. Our objective was to test whether serum ADMA, SDMA, or l-arginine levels correlate with diabetic retinopathy subtype or severity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 162 subjects with type 1 diabetes and 343 with type 2 diabetes, of whom 329 subjects had no diabetic retinopathy, 27 had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 101 had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and 107 had clinically significant macular edema (CSME), were recruited. Blinding diabetic retinopathy was defined as severe NPDR, PDR, or CSME. Serum ADMA, SDMA, and l-arginine concentrations were determined by mass spectroscopy. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, blinding diabetic retinopathy, PDR, and nephropathy were associated with significantly increased serum levels of ADMA (P &amp;lt; 0.001), SDMA (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and l-arginine (P = 0.001). Elevated ADMA (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and SDMA (P &amp;lt; 0.001) were also significantly associated with CSME. CONCLUSIONS Severe forms of diabetic retinopathy are associated with elevated serum ADMA, SDMA, and l-arginine. Further investigation is required to determine whether these findings are of clinical relevance.
A NEW QUANTITATIVE TEST FOR BILIARY DYNAMICS
Authors: Gerbail T. Krishnamurthy, Vishnu V. R. Bobba, Mohammad Mesgarzadeh, Donald McConnell, Elizabeth Kingston
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Krishnamurthy, Gerbail T.; Bobba, Vishnu V. R.; Mesgarzadeh, Mohammad; McConnell, Donald; Kingston, Elizabeth Author Information
Situated cognition, prescriptive theory, evolution, and something
Authors: Jonathan Baron
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract This response agrees with Stanovich's emphasis on the need for decentering, and, in response to Beyth-Marom, attempts to clarify the normative-prescriptive-descriptive distinction and point in the direction of prescriptive models. It takes issue with Cabanac and with Lindsay &amp; Gorayska.
Person, Place, or Thing
Authors: Marlene P. Freeman
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FATAL EMBOLIZATION OF PULMONARY CAPILLARIES
Authors: Keith M. Truemner
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A 76-year-old woman was to have a barium sulfate enema for diagnostic purposes. A Bardex bag was inflated and the injection was begun, but the procedure could not be completed because of pain. After the bag was removed, while the patient was attempting to defecate, she suddenly died. During the subsequent microscopic examination of tissues, a fortuitous change of illumination revealed the presence of innumerable crystalline bodies in the lumen of many of the larger pulmonary blood vessels and most of the alveolar capillaries. The cause of death therefore was massive embolization of the lungs by barium sulfate crystals. Their mode of entry into the blood vessels was not completely explained. It is conceivable that sublethal degrees of pulmonary embolization occurring in the past have been misinterpreted as emotional, reflex, or cardiovascular reactions.
Abstract LB-350: EGFR-mediated re-activation of MAPK signaling contributes to insensitivity of <i>BRAF</i> mutant colorectal cancers to RAF inhibition by vemurafenib
Authors: Ryan B. Corcoran, Hiromichi Ebi, Alexa B. Turke, Erin M. Coffee, Michiya Nishino, Alexandra P. Cogdill, Ronald D. Brown, Dora Dias-Santagata, Patricia Della Pelle, Kenneth E. Hung, Keith T. Flaherty, Adriano Piris, Jennifer A. Wargo, Jeffrey Settleman, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Jeffrey A. Engelman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Oncogenic BRAF mutations occur in 10-15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and confer adverse outcome. While RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib (PLX4032) have produced dramatic response rates in BRAF mutant melanoma (∼60-80%), they are surprisingly ineffective in BRAF mutant CRCs (∼5% response rate), and the reason for this disparity remains unclear. Compared to BRAF mutant melanoma cells, BRAF mutant CRC cells were less sensitive to vemurafenib, and P-ERK suppression was not sustained in response to treatment. Although transient inhibition of phospho-ERK by vemurafenib was observed in CRC, rapid ERK re-activation occurred through EGFR-mediated activation of RAS and CRAF. BRAF mutant CRC cell lines and patient tumor specimens expressed higher levels of phospho-EGFR than BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines and primary tumor specimens, suggesting that CRCs are specifically poised for EGFR-mediated resistance. Combined RAF and EGFR inhibition blocked reactivation of MAPK signaling in BRAF mutant CRC cells, markedly improved efficacy in vitro, and led to robust tumor regressions in vivo in BRAF mutant xenografts models. These findings support combined RAF and EGFR inhibition as a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for evaluation in clinical trials in patients with BRAF mutant CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-350. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-350
Hepatitis C infects almost 2%of US population
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Almost 2% of the population in the United States is infected with hepatitis C, according to a new comprehensive national report, making the virus the most common chronic blood borne infection in the country.

The report was based on data gathered through the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III), a government programme that surveyed 40000 people throughout the United States from 1988 to 1994. According to the …
Correction: Mopp Components
Authors: ROBERT B. CATALANO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1978Correction: Mopp ComponentsROBERT B. CATALANO, PHARM.D., DAVID T. HARRIS, M.D.ROBERT B. CATALANO, PHARM.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID T. HARRIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-726_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: With reference to the excellent review of growth rate patterns of solid tumors and their relation to responsiveness to therapy by Shackney, McCormack, and Cuchural (Ann Intern Med 89:107-121, 1978), we wish to point out the incorrect statement in both Table 2 and the accompanying text that refers to standard MOPP therapy as including methotrexate as part of the multiple drug regimen employed.The cited references noted by the authors (1, 2) define standard MOPP therapy as containing mechlorethamine and not methotrexate as part of the combination chemotherapy employed....References1. FREILUCEGAMBLECOLTMANCONSTANZITALLEYMONTOWILSONHEWLETTDELANEYGEHAN EJJCJRRHJFE: Combination chemotherapy in advanced Hodgkin's disease. Induction and maintenance of remission. Ann Intern Med 79:376-382, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar2. DEVITASERPICKCARBONE VAP: Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease. Ann Intern Med 73:881-895, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The American Oncologic Hospital Philadelphia, PA 19111 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1978Volume 89, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 726-726KeywordsCombination chemotherapyDrug therapyMechlorethamineMethotrexate ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pulmonary Toxicity of Amiodarone
Authors: Esteban Martínez
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Editorial by Estes<sup>1</sup>on the role of amiodarone for the management of atrial fibrillation describes several amiodarone dose-related adverse effects. However, we were surprised that there was no mention of pulmonary toxic effects, which are the most serious side effects, and which have an incidence estimated from 0.5% to 10% and a mortality of 1% to 33%.<sup>2</sup>Although an immunologic mechanism may contribute (as shown by improvement with corticosteroids and elevation of CD8 lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage), some findings argue for a toxic dose-dependent mechanism.<sup>3</sup> Unfortunately, routine pulmonary function tests have not been useful to predict pulmonary side effects of amiodarone.<sup>4</sup>These effects have most frequently included diffuse interstitial pneumonitis, but cases presenting with segmental pulmonary consolidation, fatal respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, and pleural effussion have also been described. These kinds of clinical presentation might lead to a wrong diagnosis of