tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection induces hyperammonaemia in Mongolian gerbils with liver cirrhosis
Authors: H Suto, T Azuma, S Ito, M Ohtani, M Dojo, Y Ito, Y Kohli, M Kuriyama
Journal: Gut (2001)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS We previously reported the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on hyperammonaemia in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, the role of H pylori as a cause of hyperammonaemia is controversial. We developed an animal model with liver cirrhosis and investigated the effect of H pylori infection on hyperammonaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five week old male Mongolian gerbils were inoculated orally with broth culture of H pylori . Forty eight gerbils were divided into four groups. Gerbils not inoculated with H pylori were fed a commercial rodent diet (group A) or a choline deficient diet (group C). Gerbils inoculated with H pylori were fed the commercial rodent diet (group B) or the choline deficient diet (group D). Blood ammonia levels of the femoral vein and portal vein were measured 30 weeks later. RESULTS All gerbils fed the choline deficient diet developed liver cirrhosis with fatty metamorphosis. The survival rate of group D was significantly lower than that of the other groups. Systemic and portal blood ammonia levels in group D were significantly higher than those in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS H pylori infection induces hyperammonaemia in gerbils with liver cirrhosis.
Cultured epithelia from junctional epidermolysis bullosa letalis keratinocytes express the main phenotypic characteristics of the disease
Authors: L. THOMAS, M. FAURE, F. CAMBAZARD, J. KANITAKIS, P. VERRANDO, J-P. ORTONNE, J. THIVOLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Keratinocytes from a 1-week-old male infant with junctional epidermolysis bullosa letalis (JEBL) were grown in vitro and then grafted as multi-layered epithelia onto nude mice, to investigate whether the defect in the dermo-epidermal cohesiveness in the disease is of epidermal and not mesodermal origin. In culture, there was a birefringent ring of cells at the edges of the keratinocyte colonies and in places some cells looked as though they had been ejected from the periphery of the colony. At confluence, the multi-layered epithelia were easily detached from the culture flasks using only mechanical agitation. On microscopy the fully-differentiated epithelium on days 21, 30 and 40 after grafting sometimes showed blistering at the dermal-epidermal junction. No labelling was noted using a GB3 monoclonal antibody, that reacts with normal human keratinocytes in culture and with the dermo-epidermal basement membrane zone in normal skin. This indicates that the defect of JEBL may be reproduced in culture and also after grafting the cultured epithelia onto a wound without an epidermis. This suggests a possible role for the junctional structure recognized by GB3 in dermo-epidermal cohesiveness.
REPORT OF CASES OF DANGEROUS MIDDLE EAR AND MASTOID INFLAMMATIONS WHICH FOLLOWED TREATMENT OF THE NASO-PHARYNX.
Authors: J. L. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Seventeen or more years ago, when the nasal douche was in the hands of nearly every one under treatment for catarrh, inflammations of the middle ear from the unskilled use of said douche were frequently met with. Now again, since such great advancement has been made in the line of nasal surgery, we see these inflammations quite often. Many of them have fallen under my care of late, some of which are briefly reported as follows: <i>Case 1</i>.—Suppurative otitis media, with total loss of the left memb. tymp., from the use of finely powdered acetate of lead in epistaxis. This occurred in a young man aged twenty-three years, eight months before he consulted me. He stated that everything had failed to arrest the bleeding until his physician applied the lead, which had the desired effect very quickly, but that it started a violent pain in a few hours, which
Host should also protect students on electives from HIV
Authors: N. R M Tai
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing.A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations).These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze cue was conveyed through a disembodied head; hence, the model lacked the potential for a body part (i.e., hands) to interact with the target.In the present study, the image of a male gaze model, whose gaze direction coincided with two potential target locations, was centrally presented.The model either had his arms and hands extended underneath the potential target locations, indicating the potential to act on the targets (Experiment 1), or had his arms crossed in front of his chest, indicating the absence of potential to act (Experiment 2).Participants reached to a target that followed a nonpredictive gaze cue at one of three stimulus onset asynchronies.RTs and reach trajectories of the movements to cued and uncued targets were analysed.RTs showed a facilitation effect for both experiments, whereas trajectory analysis revealed facilitatory and inhibitory effects, but only in Experiment 1 when the model could potentially act on the targets.The results of this study suggested that when the gaze model had the potential to interact with the cued target location, the model's gaze affected not only target prioritisation but also movement execution.
A Successful Case of Transfusion of Blood after Severe Post Partum Haemorrhage
Authors: W. Walter
Journal: BMJ (1882)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL _OURNA-L.415 is also a case of anteflexion, with dysmenorrhcea, the fits being epileptiform and slight.The third patient had anteflexion, with dysmenorrhoea, with nine months of exaggerated hysteria, eclampsia, etc., but no epilepsy.An intra-uterine stem cured this woman.But it would occupy too much time to enter into these now.Dr. BANTOCK (London) confirmed Mr. Dewar's observations that in many of the cases, of which Mr. Dewar's case was an example, relief was often quickly afforded by incision of the cervix, which he consid- ered preferable to dilatation by m=ans of sponge-tents.Dr. THOMAS DUTTON (Sidlesham) wished to know if the ordinary treatment for epilepsy had been tried and failed.If so, he considered that they were cases of hysteria due to irritation of the uterus.Dr. GRIGG (London) thought it was a mistake to call these cases epilepsy; they are instances of hysterical convulsions due to reflex irritation, to which any lowering of the general health conduced.Dr. NESFIELD (Manchester) thought there were undoubtedly cases on the borderland between the two disorders, not unfrequently seen in children, and even in boys.Mr. DEWAR, in reply, held that his case deserved to be called hystero-epilepsy, more than those of Charcot and others, where there were absolutely no symptoms of epilepsy, Bromide of potassium relieved, but did not cure, his case.There was an unmistakable element of epilepsy, and, as the cause of the disorder was uterine, he considered the name he had given it justifiable.Biting the tongue was not a siize qu6 non in epilepsy, which might be peripheral as well as central.
Peak Oxygen Consumption and Resting Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Changes After Cardiomyoplasty at 6-Month Follow-up
Authors: Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Guilherme Veiga Guimarães, Luiz Felipe P. Moreira, Fernando Bacal, Alvaro Vilela de Moraes, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barreto, Mauricio Wajngarten, Giovanni Bellotti, Noedir Stolf, Adib Jatene, Fulvio Pileggi
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The effects of cardiomyoplasty on cardiopulmonary exercise test characteristics are not fully known. Methods and Results We determined in 19 patients who underwent cardiomyoplasty for treatment of refractory heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class III) before (pre) and at 6-month follow-up (post) maximum oxygen consumption (peak V̇ o 2 ), NYHA functional class, and resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MUGA). We analyzed the results according to pre peak V̇ o 2 &lt; or &gt;14 mL/kg per minute and the correlation between the changes in absolute values of LVEF and peak V̇ o 2 . Pre– and post–peak V̇ o 2 values were 15.9±4.4 and 18.6±6.4 mL/kg per minute, respectively ( P =.059). In the subgroup with pre–peak V̇ o 2 &lt;14 mL/kg per minute, the peak V̇ o 2 increased from 11.1±1.9 to 16.4±6.2 mL/kg per minute ( P =.02). The subgroup with peak V̇ o 2 &gt;14 mL/kg per minute showed pre– and post–peak V̇ o 2 of 19.2±2.6 and of 20.1±7 mL/kg per minute, respectively ( P =.06). The pre–total exercise time of the entire group increased from 688.4±222.1 to 833.7±241.6 seconds ( P &lt;.04). For the subgroup with preoperative peak V̇ o 2 &lt;14 mL/kg per minute, exercise time improved from 585±76.9 to 825±186.3 seconds ( P &lt;.01). In the subgroup with preoperative V̇ o 2 &gt;14 mL/kg per minute, the preexercise and postexercise time was 763.6±264.4 and 840±282 seconds, respectively ( P =.4). Pre- LVEF increased from 20.6±3.3% to 24.2±7.8% at 6 months of follow-up ( P =.02). At 6 months of follow-up, 9 patients were in NYHA functional class I and 10 were in class II. There was no correlation between LVEF values and absolute values of peak V̇ o 2 before ( r =.123, P =.6) and after ( r =.27, P =.2) cardiomyoplasty. A weak correlation was observed between the changes in absolute values of peak V̇ o 2 and LVEF from the preoperative to the postoperative period ( r =.48, P =.048). Conclusions Cardiomyoplasty is a useful method for improving NYHA functional class and LVEF in patients with heart failure. Peak V̇ o 2 &lt;14 mL/kg per minute before cardiomyoplasty may be a selection criterion with which to determine improved exercise capacity after surgery. The effects of cardiomyoplasty on LVEF appear to be partially associated with maximum exercise capacity changes.
ATP gated potassium channels in acute myocardial hibernation and reperfusion
Authors: J. Offstad, K. A Kirkeboen, A. Ilebekk, S E. Downing
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article ATP gated potassium channels in acute myocardial hibernation and reperfusion Get access Jon Offstad, Jon Offstad Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway: J Offstad, K A Kirkebøen, A Ilebekk; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA: S E Downing. Correymndence to Dr Offstad Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Knut A Kirkebøen, Knut A Kirkebøen Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway: J Offstad, K A Kirkebøen, A Ilebekk; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA: S E Downing. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arnfinn Ilebekk, Arnfinn Ilebekk Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway: J Offstad, K A Kirkebøen, A Ilebekk; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA: S E Downing. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S Evans Downing S Evans Downing Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevål Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway: J Offstad, K A Kirkebøen, A Ilebekk; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA: S E Downing. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 6, June 1994, Pages 872–880, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.6.872 Published: 01 June 1994 Article history Received: 17 December 1993 Accepted: 11 March 1994 Published: 01 June 1994
The Health of People Who Work
Authors: B. Dixon Holland
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This book contains much valuable material and is well indexed, but it consists almost wholly of direct quotations whose lengths do not always correspond with the authority generally accorded their authors. This fact, plus the paucity of references to authoritative statements, could confuse rather than help the reader who seeks guidance in the fundamentals of occupational health. Unfortunately, the reader who has limited acquaintance with the subject of occupational health is likely to get the impression that this is the same as the "health of people who work." Neither the book nor its references make it sufficiently clear that occupational health is essentially a program of preventive medicine in industry, whereas the "health of people who work" includes also medical care for nonoccupational illnesses and injuries. The failure of this author to consider the health of farm and hospital workers, two large categories of people who work, is unfortunate. Some
White coat effects
Authors: P. M Gordon, S. G Keohane, R. M Herd
Journal: BMJ (1995)

To many patients, the hospital doctor is epitomised by the white coat. What patients think of the way their doctor dresses has generated considerable interest.1 2 Of further interest is the actual contents of the white coat, and indeed senior hospital doctors may be aware of a “lightening” of the weight of their white coat with a concomitant increase in clinical responsibilities. This is not a phenomenon unique to obstetricians. The new house officer, weighed down with the essential items (tendon hammer, ophthalmoscope, handbook of medical emergencies, etc) to ensure …
CD19, the earliest differentiation antigen of the B cell lineage, bears three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and an Epstein-Barr virus-related cytoplasmic tail.
Authors: I Stamenkovic, B Seed
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

The isolation and expression of a full-length cDNA clone encoding the B cell-specific glycoprotein CD19 is reported. The sequence of the cDNA predicts a glycosylated integral membrane protein with a precursor molecular weight of 51.8 x 10(3) and an extracellular domain organized into three contiguous Ig-like sub-domains. The cytoplasmic domain bears significant relatedness to two proteins encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus and the int-1 oncogene. CD19 transcripts are restricted to members of the B cell lineage, being most abundant in pre-B cell lines and least abundant in plasmacytomas.
Sensitivity to Rifampicin: Incidence, Mechanism, and Prevention
Authors: J.-C. Pujet, J.-C. Homberg, G. Decroix
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Five out of 200 patients taking rifampicin 900 mg twice weekly and three out of 91 patients taking rifampicin who attended an immunology clinic developed intolerance to the drug. Antibodies to rifampicin, which were found in most cases, decreased steadily after the end of treatment but were detectable for up to 16 months. The dose of rifampicin and the blood levels are predominating factors in the occurrence of reactions. Thus the dose should be reduced in patients in whom rifampicin blood levels rise abnormally. When it is important to continue rifampicin treatment despite intolerance antibody titres within 24 hours after administration of the drug must be measured to find when they are lowest, which determines the "unreactive period," and when a further dose may be safely given.
Surgeon calls for legalisation of payment to kidney donors
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

One of Britain's leading transplant surgeons has called for the legalisation of payment for kidney donations. Mr Nadey Hakim, a consultant general surgeon at St Mary's Hospital, London, who specialises in kidney transplantation, told BBC Radio Four's File on 4 programme last week that the current Human Organ Transplant Act merely drives patients to seek organs abroad, often leading to poor outcomes.

“As this trade is going on anyway, why not have a controlled trade where if someone wants to donate a kidney for a particular price, that would be acceptable?” said Mr Hakim. “If it's done safely the …
No Protective Effect of Calcitriol on β-Cell Function in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Carla Bizzarri, Dario Pitocco, Nicola Napoli, Enrico Di Stasio, Daria Maggi, Silvia Manfrini, Concetta Suraci, Maria Gisella Cavallo, Marco Cappa, Giovanni Ghirlanda, Paolo Pozzilli
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE We investigated whether supplementation of the active form of vitamin D (calcitriol) in recent-onset type 1 diabetes can protect β-cell function evaluated by C-peptide and improve glycemic control assessed by A1C and insulin requirement. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-four subjects (aged 11–35 years, median 18 years) with recent-onset type 1 diabetes and high basal C-peptide &amp;gt;0.25 nmol/l were randomized in a double-blind trial to 0.25 μg/day calcitriol or placebo and followed-up for 2 years. RESULTS At 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, A1C and insulin requirement in the calcitriol group did not differ from the placebo group. C-peptide dropped significantly (P &amp;lt; 0.001) but similarly in both groups, with no significant differences at each time point. CONCLUSIONS At the doses used, calcitriol is ineffective in protecting β-cell function in subjects (including children) with recent-onset type 1 diabetes and high C-peptide at diagnosis.
Induction of autocytotoxic T cells with cyclosporine and interferon-γ for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells
Authors: Shinji Nakao, Yuji Miura, Weihua Zeng, Akiyoshi Takami, Naomi Sugimori, Hirohito Yamazaki, Akihiro Yachie, Shintaro Shiobara, Tamotsu Matsuda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1997)
Oncogenomics to Target Myeloma in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is an example of rapid bench-to-bedside translation in new drug development. Bortezomib and lenalidamide target the tumor cell in the bone marrow microenvironment to overcome drug resistance in laboratory and animal models; each is effective to treat relapsed and/or refractory, relapsed, and newly diagnosed MM, and both are now showing promise as maintenance therapy. Major ongoing translational research efforts include improved classification and personalized therapies; identification and validation of next-generation agents targeting the tumor cell in its microenvironment; novel immune therapies; rationally based combination therapies; and use of novel agents to delay or prevent development of active MM. This paradigm of targeting the tumor in its microenvironment has already extended median survival in MM from 3 to 7 to 8 years and has great potential to improve patient outcome in other hematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well. Clin Cancer Res; 17(6); 1225–33. ©2011 AACR.
Points: Sickle-cell disease and diabetes
Authors: J. Segall
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Points: Sickle-cell disease and diabetes Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
A COMBINED GRAVITY AND SYRINGE METHOD FOR THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF SALVARSAN
Authors: MORRIS ABRAMOVITZ
Journal: JAMA (1913)

silile to demónstrale experimentally that extensive extra- iiicdullarv blood formation, bullí leukoblasl ie and erythro¬ blastic.may occur in anemia produced by hemorrhage or blood- (lest niel iv e puisuns.In conclusion, this case presented several interesting features, being for a considerable time a more or less mixed type of leukemia.Anemia, although usual in leukemia, was in this case particularly evident and was described liy vim Leube as "leukanemia" or leukemia of the red blood-cells.One might place ¡1 in the category described by von Leube as "leukemia" or leukemia of either variety associated with anemia of ihe pernicious type.Lymphosarcoma may he associated with a modérale increase of lymphocytes in Ihe Mood, and Hiere may also he considerable anemia.Sternberg has designated a. type, which in sonic way resembles this case, as "leuko- carcinomatosis," or an associated lymphosarcoma with leukemia.'The presen) case, however, varies from the type described by Sternberg, in the blood-picture, and in there hcing no definite evidences of tumor growth in the anterior mediastinum, lymph-nodes or elsewhere.Lymphadenoma has also In he considered as a possi- bility.The glandular enlargement was, however, too uniform.The great splenic enlargemeni was also againsl Ihis.In some cases of lymphadenoma there may he a slight leukocytosis, hul rarely to the extent found in Ihis case.There was no evidence in the
Effects of acute atrial fibrillation on the vasodilator reserve of the canine atrium
Authors: C. W WHITE, M. D HOLIDA, M. L MARCUS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Acute atrial fibrillation appreciably alters atrial physiology by increasing atrial blood flow and atrial oxygen consumption. To determine the effects of atrial fibrillation on atrial vasodilator reserve atrial fibrillation was produced in dogs by electrical atrial stimulation. Reactive hyperaemic responses were measured using Doppler crystals fixed to the sinus node artery and to an adjacent right ventricular branch artery during sinus rhythm, after 20 minutes of atrial fibrillation, and after systemic administration of chromonar (a potent coronary dilator) during atrial fibrillation. During sinus rhythm the peak to resting blood flow velocity ratio after a 20 s occlusion of the sinus node artery was 3.2(1) (mean(SEM)). A 20 s occlusion of a right ventricular branch artery during sinus rhythm resulted in a significantly larger response (5.9(0.7). The repayment to debt area ratio in response to a 20 s occlusion was 1.1(0.2) for the sinus node artery but 3.9(1.0) for a right ventricular branch. During atrial fibrillation the peak to resting velocity ratio was substantially decreased in the sinus node artery (2.3(0.6)) but was not significantly changed in the right ventricular branch (4.4(0.6)). Atrial fibrillation plus chromonar abolished reactive hyperaemia in both the sinus node artery and the right ventricular branch vessel. Right atrial blood flow (microspheres) increased from 45(4) in sinus rhythm to 106(19) ml·min−1·100 g−1 in atrial fibrillation and to 208(22) ml·min−1·100 g−1 after chromonar administration during atrial fibrillation. Thus the quantitative characteristics of coronary reactive hyperaemia in the right atrium were substantially different from those in the right ventricle. Acute atrial fibrillation results in a substantial decrease in the peak reactive hyperaemic response of the atrium but does not exhaust atrial vasodilator reserve.