tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ERYTHROCYTHAEMIA AND CYANOSIS
Authors: W. P. Herringham
Journal: BMJ (1908)

CONCLUSIONS.Suoh is^-brlef abstract of the analysis of-all the cases upon which.I operated from the beginning of my experi- ence to the end of the year 1905.The result of the ipquiry into the aftter-history enables certain conclusions t,o be drawn which may guide us in-our treatment of the chronie disorders of the stomach in the fature.I would submit £o you the following-propositions:1. Gastro-enterostomy is a short-circuiting operation, and, like all such procedures, acts best wbex a gross 'April 8th; 1908.
The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text
Authors: Frank W. Nuttall
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This excellent and very comprehensive treatise on the thyroid and its diseases is edited by two of the leaders in the field. The editors give a summary and review of each section as it relates to their own experiences. The first part of the book takes up the anatomy, embryology, and physiology of the normal thyroid and the control of thyroid function. The second part concerns the laboratory assessment of thyroid function, and the last part discusses diseases of the thyroid. The individual chapters are written by different authors, most of whom are experts and have had considerable experience in particular areas of thyroidology. As is true of most multiauthored textbooks, there is variation in the quality of contribution, and not all chapters are thoroughly up to date. However, this does not detract significantly from the overall excellence of the book. There is considerable redundancy which this reviewer found somewhat
Pioneering Axons Regulate Neuronal Polarization in the Developing Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Takashi Namba, Yuji Kibe, Yasuhiro Funahashi, Shinichi Nakamuta, Tetsuya Takano, Takuji Ueno, Akiko Shimada, Sachi Kozawa, Mayumi Okamoto, Yasushi Shimoda, Kanako Oda, Yoshino Wada, Tomoyuki Masuda, Akira Sakakibara, Michihiro Igarashi, Takaki Miyata, Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh, Kosei Takeuchi, Kozo Kaibuchi
Journal: Neuron (2014)
An Automated Mass Screening Program for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Robert M. Nalbandian
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The automated dithionite test, which identifies hemoglobin S at a reagent cost of 2 cents each and at a rate of 120 specimens per hour, has been used successfully in both civilian and military mass screening programs for the detection of sickle cell disease. Black school children in Grand Rapids, Mich, were used as the initial test population for a trail of the technique in an ordinary community. Families of those students with positive tests were selected out of a total black population for additional testing. Several patient-controlled options were then offered to afflicted families, including choice of physician, clinics, treatment, and genetic counseling. Country-wide adoption of this automated method should lead to the accumulation of accurate statistics for the first time on incidence, morbidity, mortality, gene frequency, and susceptibility to other diseases of sickle-cell-afflicted individuals.
Identification of FcαRI as an Inhibitory Receptor that Controls Inflammation
Authors: Benoit Pasquier, Pierre Launay, Yutaka Kanamaru, Ivan C. Moura, Séverine Pfirsch, Claude Ruffié, Dominique Hénin, Marc Benhamou, Marina Pretolani, Ulrich Blank, Renato C. Monteiro
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Abstract 5602: MSC-mediated intratumoral cytokine delivery augments anti-tumor immunotherapy of glioma
Authors: Salina Gunnarsson, Andreas Svensson, Peter Siesjö, Anna Darabi, Johan Bengzon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor. In spite of surgical resection, combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the mean survival is less than 2 years following diagnosis. Using the established N32 animal model of glioma, shown to have many similarities with the human tumor, we are able to study and develop gene therapy strategies based on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as an efficient vector system. MSCs derived from adult rat bone marrow have been shown to selectively target tumors when inoculated intracranially and these cells can be used as cellular vector systems for gene therapy of the tumor. Our group has previously shown that the cells, when transplanted into an established tumor, migrate within the tumor as well as along infiltrating tumor arms and to distant micro-satellites. We have transformed these rat MSCs to produce the cytokine interleukin 7 (IL-7), a growth factor involved in the development of immune cells. When IL-7 secreting MSCs are injected intratumorally following peripheral immunizations with IFNγ-secreting autologous irradiated tumor cells, a synergistic effect on anti tumor immunity is noticed. Tumor size is significantly smaller in treated animals compared to control as recently reported by our group. These studies have now been extended with survival experiments which show that there is an increased survival in the group receiving MSC-IL7 + IFNγ-immunization compared to IFNγ-immunization alone, 45% and 21% (animals alive) respectively at day 120 post tumor inoculation. In addition, MSCs transduced to express IFNγ in combination with peripheral IFNγ-immunization result in a 40% survival in the same study. The use of MSCs from adult bone marrow has several advantages, it can be retrieved relatively easy and the patient self can donate it. Combining immunization with tumor cells together with MSC-delivered cytokines intratumorally might be further developed into a clinically useful treatment strategy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5602.
Studies in adaption to ambient oxidant air pollution: effects of ozone exposure in Los Angeles residents vs. new arrivals.
Authors: J D Hackney, W S Linn, R D Buckley, H J Hislop
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

To test the hypothesis that adaptation protecting against acute effects of ambient ozone (O3) exposures develops in Los Angeles residents, human volunteers were exposed to 0.4 ppm O3 under conditions simulating ambient pollution exposures. Blood biochemical, pulmonary physiological, and clinical responses were assessed. Los Angeles residents (N = 6) showed only minimal clinical or physiological response to O3, while new arrivals (N = 9) showed significant losses in pulmonary function and a tendency toward increased symptoms. Most biochemical responses did not differ significantly between residents and new arrivals. These results agree with others in suggesting that exposures to elevated ambient concentrations of O3 produce adaptation in a least some residents of photochemical pollution areas. The underlying mechanisms and long-term consequences of such adaptation are unknown.
Teratologic evaluation of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether in Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand white rabbits following inhalation exposure.
Authors: R W Tyl, G Millicovsky, D E Dodd, I M Pritts, K A France, L C Fisher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Timed-pregnant Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to ethylene glycol monobutyl ether vapors by inhalation on gestational days 6 through 15 (rats) or 6 through 18 (rabbits) at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100 or 200 ppm. The animals were sacrificed on gestational day 21 (rats) or 29 (rabbits). In rats, exposure to 200 or 100 ppm resulted in maternal toxicity (clinical signs, decreased body weight and weight gain, decreased absolute and relative organ weights, decreased food and water consumption and evidence of anemia), embryotoxicity (increased number of totally resorbed litters and decreased number of viable implantations per litter) and fetotoxicity (reductions in skeletal ossification). No increase in fetal malformations was observed in any exposure group relative to controls. At 50 or 25 ppm, there was no maternal, embryo or fetal toxicity (including malformations) in rats. In rabbits, exposure to 200 ppm resulted in maternal toxicity (apparent exposure-related increases in deaths and abortions, clinical signs, decreased weight during exposure and reduced gravid uterine weight at sacrifice) and embryotoxicity (reduced number of total and viable implantations per litter). No treatment-related fetotoxicity was seen. No treatment-related increased in fetal malformations or variations were seen at any exposure concentration tested. There was no evidence of maternal, embryo, or fetal toxicity (including malformations) at 100, 50 or 25 ppm in rabbits.
David Llywelyn James
Authors: D. PICKWORTH
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Winster, Derbyshire (b Aberystwyth 1942; q London 1965), died from heart failure on 1 August 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Jim spent two years in New Zealand after qualifying and was profoundly influenced by his time there, becoming famous for sporting short trousers on hot summer days. Having decided not to follow his father's example as an anaesthetist, Jim became a general practitioner in the Darley Dale area of the Peak district and remained in practice as a principal until his retirement in 1998. In his all too short retirement he had intended to build classical wooden Welsh sailing boats, having gained a diploma as a master builder. Regrettably, ill health prevented him from realising his ambitions.
HIV testing and HIV prevention in Sweden
Authors: R. Danziger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

HIV testing is central to Sweden's programme of preventing the spread of HIV infection. It has been widely promoted and encouraged on the grounds that once HIV infected people are aware of their serostatus and receive appropriate counselling, they will take the necessary steps to protect their partners.1 This faith in the inclination of citizens to protect one another is underpinned by a legal structure which bestows great powers of control on public health authorities. Many Swedes argue that the Communicable Diseases Act is superfluous and even harmful to HIV prevention efforts, but others regard it as essential to the country's HIV prevention and control programme.

That the promotion of HIV testing in Sweden is effective is reflected in the fact that the country has one of the highest rates of HIV testing per capita in Europe. By 1996, 9.5 million tests had been carried out among Sweden's population of 8.5 million (Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, unpublished data). As of 1992, 1 in 100 000 blood donors had tested positive, compared with 1 in 10 000 pregnant women, 1–2 per 1000 patients with sexually transmitted diseases, and 1 in 1000 among the remaining population.2

By December 1996 Sweden had reported 1477 cases of AIDS and 4407 cases of HIV infection. Approximately 60% of the cases of HIV infection had been reported in Stockholm county, where the main route of transmission has been homosexual sex (1). Most cases of HIV infection that have been transmitted through homosexual sex and through intravenous drug use have been in Swedes, but most cases of heterosexually transmitted HIV infection have been reported among people born outside Sweden.3

View this table:

Route of transmission of all cases of HIV infection and AIDS reported in Stockholm county, Sweden, to December 1996



In Britain the HIV …
Dental health in patients susceptible to infective endocarditis.
Authors: T R Shaw, W P Holbrook, R F Willey
Journal: BMJ (1982)

the investigation of all aged demented patients since the yield of "potentially reversible" causes will certainly be low and the yield of "actually reversible" causes even lower.There are patients of all ages (including aged demented patients) in whom computed tomo- graphy is a valuable procedure, but they will all have to wait a very long time for their scans if we all follow what appears to be Professor Millard's advice and seek computed tomo- graphy scans for all our aged demented patients.
Small Parathyroid Adenoma Associated With Hyperactive Bone Demonstrated by Tc-99m MIBI Scintiscan
Authors: CHAN H. PARK, SUNG M. KIM, JACK R. McEWAN, CHARLES INTENZO, HERBERT COHN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 58-year-old man patient with a history of hyperparathyroidism with recurrent renal stones was evaluated by ultrasonography of the neck and Tc-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) scintigraphy. Both imaging modalities correctly visualized a parathyroid adenoma. Increased Tc-99m MIBI uptake was noted in the sternum, clavicle, and shoulders. These findings are the result of hyperactive bone turnover rate occurring secondary to the hyperparathyroidism.
Hepatitis B Virus Guide
Authors: Richard K. Sterling
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes2 September 2003Hepatitis B Virus GuideRichard K. Sterling, MDRichard K. Sterling, MDVirginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-5_Part_1-200309020-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Lai CL, Locarnini S, eds. 244 pages. London: International Medical Pr; 2002. $44.99. ISBN 1901769089. Order phone 404-233-6446.Field of medicine: Gastroenterology, hepatology, infectious disease, and public health.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and infectious disease specialists who see patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis. Specific chapters will appeal to virologists, pathologists, and epidemiologists, in addition to those who do research on or care for patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive, authoritative reference on current hepatitis B knowledge, as well as highlight potential areas of future research.Content: The book consists of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 September 2003Volume 139, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 388KeywordsGastroenterology and hepatologyHepatitis BHepatitis B virusInfectious diseasesPatientsPrevention, policy, and public healthResearch laboratoriesScientistsSoftware toolsVirology ePublished: 2 September 2003 Issue Published: 2 September 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Vitamin C and Common Cold
Authors: Linus Pauling
Journal: JAMA (1971)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— My book, Vitamin C and the Common Cold was reviewed in The Journal by Franklin C. Bing (215:1506, 1971).I do not object to the expression by the reviewer of his opinions. However, it is essential that the several untrue and thoroughly misleading statements that he makes be corrected.I do not state that ascorbic acid is a completely harmless chemical. I describe it as natural, essential food that is nontoxic, and has far fewer side reactions than aspirin and other common cold medicines.I do not recommend doses of from 1 to 10 gm daily throughout life. Instead, I say that there is evidence that some people remain in very good health, including freedom from the common cold, year after year through the ingestion of only 250 mg of ascorbic acid per day, that the requirements of a few people for ascorbic acid may be
Methotrexate: a useful steroid-sparing agent in recalcitrant chronic urticaria
Authors: A. Perez, A. Woods, C.E.H. Grattan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Reports of methotrexate for chronic urticaria are anecdotal. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of methotrexate in steroid-dependent chronic urticaria, its impact on steroid reduction and any differences in response between patients with and without functional autoantibodies. Methods A retrospective case-note review of 16 patients with steroid-dependent chronic urticaria treated with methotrexate was carried out. Ten patients had chronic ordinary/spontaneous urticaria (CU), including three with associated delayed-pressure urticaria; four patients had normocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis (UV); and two patients had idiopathic angio-oedema without weals. Median disease duration before methotrexate was 48.5 months (range 12-164). All were unresponsive to antihistamines and second-line agents, except prednisolone. Eleven were assessed for autoimmune urticaria with the basophil histamine release assay (n = 5), autologous serum skin test (n = 5) or both (n = 1). Response to methotrexate was scored: no benefit; some benefit (fewer weals and symptomatic improvement but no steroid reduction); considerable benefit (improvement with steroid reduction); or clear (no symptoms, off steroids but on antihistamines). Results Twelve of 16 patients (eight CU, three UV, one idiopathic angio-oedema) responded. Three showed some benefit, seven considerable benefit and two cleared. Four of eight responders and three out of three nonresponders showed evidence of functional autoantibodies. The dose to achieve a steroid-sparing effect was 10-15 mg weekly (cumulative dose range 15-600 mg, median 135 mg). Methotrexate was well tolerated. Conclusions Methotrexate may be a useful treatment for steroid-dependent chronic urticaria. Functional autoantibodies do not correlate with response. The beneficial effects of methotrexate may be anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive. It may therefore benefit chronic urticaria independently of the pathogenic mechanism, whether autoimmune or not.
Staphylococcal enterotoxins stimulate lymphoma-associated immune dysregulation
Authors: Thorbjørn Krejsgaard, Andreas Willerslev-Olsen, Lise M. Lindahl, Charlotte M. Bonefeld, Sergei B. Koralov, Carsten Geisler, Mariusz A. Wasik, Robert Gniadecki, Mogens Kilian, Lars Iversen, Anders Woetmann, Niels Odum
Journal: Blood (2014)
THE CORRECTION OF SECONDARY PALATE DEFECTS
Authors: FREDERICK B. MOOREHEAD
Journal: JAMA (1928)

To the Editor:  —The principle on which an appendix or a gallbladder may be removed is one thing, while the method of doing it is quite another. Frankly, I do not know who first suggested a transposition of the palate, and if Dr. Dorrance is entitled to that credit, I am perfectly willing he should have it.  In my paper I discussed a method which I have been developing the past few years. As a matter of fact, there is no occasion for transposing the palate, if the primary operation is correctly made. The other item in my paper, and one of first importance, was the method of closing a cleft palate, operating almost entirely from the outside rather than the inside. This method does not belong to the so-called group of lateral incisions. I make a small opening just outside and behind the tuberosity, through which a blunt dissection
Hepatic Localization of Tc-99m MAA During Lower Extremity Venography
Authors: IRIS KOLLA, EVANGELINE LUNA, NAOMI ALAZRAKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Hepatic localization of macroaggregated albumin particles has been observed previously in both superior and Inferior vena cava obstruction. These reports have described focal regional hepatic uptake in porta hepatis or the left hepatic lobe in cases of SVC and IVC obstruction as well as global hepatic uptake in IVC obstruction. In this report of an unusual case of hepatic uptake of MAA during lower extremity venography, the entire liver and lungs were simultaneously visualized, presumably due to portal-to-systemic collateral flow pathways in the presence of inferior vena cava obstruction.
Diagnostic Assays in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: JOEL SPALTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1985Diagnostic Assays in Acute PancreatitisJOEL SPALTER, M.D.JOEL SPALTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-475 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the article by Steinberg and coworkers (1) that appeared in the May issue. In the Patients and Methods section, the efficiency of an assay is defined by the authors as the "arithmetic sum of the sensitivity and specificity," but this is not the definition used for the calculation in Table 2. In Table 2, the efficiency is calculated as the "sum of the true positives plus true negatives divided by the total number of patients" on whom the assay was done. The resultant efficiency, as calculated, is therefore a function not only...Reference1. STEINBERGGOLDSTEINDAVISSHAMMA'AANDERSON WSNJK. Diagnostic assays in acute pancreatitis: a study of sensitivity and specificity. Ann Intern Med. 1985:102:576-80. LinkGoogle Scholar1. STEINBERGGOLDSTEINDAVISSHAMMA'AANDERSON WSNJK. Diagnostic assays in acute pancreatitis: a study of sensitivity and specificity. Ann Intern Med. 1985:102: 576-80. LinkGoogle Scholar1. STEINBERGGOLDSTEINDAVISSHAMMA'AANDERSON WSNJK. Diagnostic assays in acute pancreatitis: a study of sensitivity and specificity. Ann Intern Med. 1985:102:576-80. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GALENGAMBINO RS. Sensitivity, specificity, prevalence and incidence. In: GALEN RS, GAMBINO SR, eds. Beyond Normality: The Predictive Value and Efficiency of Medical Diagnosis. New York: J. Wiley & Sons; 1975:10-27. Google Scholar3. GOLDSTEINSTEINBERGSHAMMA'ADAVIS SWJN. Use and misuse of the serum amylase [Abstract]. Gastroenterology. 1985;88:1399. Google Scholar4. GALENGAMBINO RS. Combination testing. In: GALEN RS, GAMBINO SR, eds. Beyond Normality: The Predictive Value and Efficiency of Medical Diagnoses. New York: J. Wiley & Sons; 1975:42-8. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOEL SPALTER, M.D.Affiliations: South Broward Infection Control Consultants Hollywood, FL 33021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by10 Pancreatic lesions in HIV-infected patients 1 September 1985Volume 103, Issue 3Page: 475-476KeywordsAcute pancreatitisSpecificity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Management of elderly patients with sustained hypertension.
Authors: K. Beard, C. Bulpitt, H. Mascie-Taylor, K. O'Malley, P. Sever, S. Webb
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the clinical benefits of treating hypertension in elderly patients and to derive practical guidelines regarding indications, goals, and forms of treatment. DESIGN--Review of six published randomised trials. RESULTS--Active treatment of hypertension in elderly patients was associated with significant improvements in several indices of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly the incidence of fatal and non-fatal strokes. On the basis of the trial data, combined systolic and diastolic hypertension was defined as a sustained systolic pressure greater than 160 mmHg and diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg. There is convincing evidence that efforts should be made to reduce both systolic and diastolic pressures to below these levels in patients up to the age of 80 years. Isolated systolic hypertension was defined as a systolic pressure greater than 160 mmHg in the presence of a diastolic pressure less than 90 mmHg. Two trials reported benefit from the treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in patients up to the age of 80, and further trials are underway to support or refute this recommendation. Diuretics have an established role in the management of hypertension in elderly patients; beta adrenoceptor antagonists have given variable results, and the benefits are less impressive than with diuretic based regimens. Newer agents show promise in the treatment of elderly patients, particularly in the presence of coexisting disease, but their effects on morbidity and mortality have not been evaluated in large randomised trials. CONCLUSIONS--Diuretics rather than beta blockers are the treatment of choice for patients with uncomplicated hypertension, but combinations of drugs may be required in as many as 50% of patients.