tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2310: Identification of signaling pathways involved in the regulation of let-7 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Rong Guo, Patrice Morin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract miRNAs represent a class of small non-coding RNAs that can regulate the stability and translation of specific mRNA targets. Several members of the let-7 miRNA family are down-regulated in ovarian and other cancers and are thought to act as tumor suppressors, possibly through their ability to target growth-promoting genes (RAS, HMGA2), cell cycle genes (CDK6, CDK7, STK6, STK12), and anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl-2, casp3). However, the exact mechanisms regulating their expression and activity are not clearly known. In order to address this issue, we have developed a reporter assay for let-7 activity. We have made several reporter constructs containing the luciferase gene attached to different site combinations and sequences of let-7 in its 3′ UTR, and have identified a reporter that is extremely sensitive to let-7 activity. Ovarian cancer cell lines BG1 and UCI101 were transfected with the let-7 reporter and treated with 80 different kinase inhibitors in order to identify upstream pathways that can affect let-7 activity. We found nine inhibitors which caused consistent, dose-dependent changes on endogenous let-7 activity. The nine drugs can be categorized into three classes of inhibitors and further validation is currently underway through knockdowns of specific kinases. Our findings suggest novel molecular pathways involved in the regulation of let-7 family and, considering the important role of let-7 family members in ovarian cancer, these pathways may further our understanding of ovarian tumorigenesis and provide new targets for therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2310. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2310
Firearms and Suicide
Authors: Mark L. Rosenberg, James A. Mercy, Lloyd B. Potter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The article by Wintemute et al.1 in this issue of the Journal adds to the growing literature that connects firearms with increased risks of suicide and homicide.26 Some of these studies have examined the risks associated with the possession of firearms, and some, the risks associated with ownership; now, this article looks at the risks in relation to firearm purchase. The findings are of particular interest because they indicate that purchasers of handguns are at high risk for suicide, particularly during the period immediately after the purchase.1 This association is especially strong among women.There are other interesting findings . . .
INCREASING PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AND HYPERTENSION WITH PERSISTENT RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN U.S. ADULTS. NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY 1988-1994 AND 1999-2004
Authors: Camila X. Romero, Tomas E. Romero
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Transplantation of Tissues and Organs
Authors: Joseph L. Melnick
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The author of this book has attempted to give a general view of the whole field of tissue and organ transplantation. Only in the fields of ophthalmology and orthopedics were the sections written by distinguished colleagues. I believe the author has accomplished his purpose. The first 9 chapters deal with the fundamentals, principles, definitions, and behavior of transplants of both normal and neoplastic tissue. To a seasoned investigator, these chapters should prove ideal for reference; they would be even more important as stepping stones to a surgeon interested in these experiments and their implications and possible uses in practice. The remaining chapters deal with transplantation as an instrument of research in genetics, embryology, physiology, and pathology. The clinical chapters are well done, and the illustrations are clear and adequately descriptive. The printing is clear and the divided columns easy to read, but the intralinear references and frequent footnotes are distracting.
Comprehensive Care for The Hard-to-Reach Family
Authors: Robert S. Mendelsohn
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Drs. White, Alpert, and Kosa are to be congratulated for their report on "Hard-to-Reach Families in a Comprehensive Care Program" (<b>201</b>:801, 1967). This national problem is finally receiving the serious attention it deserves from the medical profession as a whole. Bringing 75% of the hard-to-reach families into the program represents a degree of success to which the authors might well point with pride. Those working with poverty-stricken populations would certainly applaud this accomplishment. This percentage may well have been increased and the unit cost of the program possibly reduced by application of some commonly accepted techniques of community development. Some of these, I presume, were undoubtedly used but, probably because of space limitation, not described in the report. Specific questions that should be answered include the following: (1) Did the Harvard Family Health Care Program provide transportation for the patients? (2) Did they provide volunteer or
17th Century Lambeth Delft Pill Tile
Authors: Fred B. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:—  The photograph of a 17th century Lambeth delft pill tile recently appearing in the Medical News section ofThe Journal( 184 :Adv p 53 [May 25] 1963) and reproduced in color on the cover of Pfizer Spectrum (vol 11, March-April, 1963) provides an interesting symbolic connection between the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London, chartered in the year 1617, and The Medical Society of New Jersey, founded in 1766.  The antique pill slab displays the coat of arms of the Society of Apothecaries of London, a professional body granted a royal charter by King James I. Such decorated tiles were presented to British pharmacists during the 17th and 18th centuries upon the completion of their apprenticeships and were used for making pills or as signs of guild membership. Rare surviving examples of these tiles, in oval, shield, or heart shapes, are preserved in museums here and abroad.
STUDIES OF TUBERCLE BACILLUS-HISTIOCYTE RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Jacob Fong, Dennis Chin, Sanford S. Elberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Comparison of the Brucella-immune and the BCG-immune histiocyte, each of which is resistant to necrotization by either Brucella or mycobacteria, has revealed a number of dissimilarities in their behavior. The Brucella-immune histiocyte was found to be incapable of transferring its resistance to the cells of normal animals; it was also unable to achieve attenuation of virulent tubercle bacilli. In contrast, the BCG-immune histiocyte and certain of its subcellular components (ribosomes and ribosomal RNA) were effective in inducing cellular resistance in normal animals against both Brucella and mycobacteria. When RNA was used, only immune ribosomal RNA was effective; when intact ribosomes were used, both immune and recipient ribosomes proved active. These investigations have also shown that the resistance of the BCG-immune histiocyte against Brucella and mycobacteria was of long duration and not readily dissociable.
Eosinophils in the Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: T. KUBERSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid are an uncommon finding that is most often the result of a helminthic infection of the central nervous system. Information from the recorded literature suggests the differential diagnosis of this clinical observation is relatively limited. Therefore, in the appropriate clinical circumstances, cryptic cases of central nervous system disease might be resolved or the diagnostic possibilities at least narrowed by finding these cells in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Expression of Zeta ( ) a Growth-Related Opioid Receptor, in Metastetic Adenocarcinoma of the Human Cerebellum
Authors: I. S. ZAGON, D. GIBO, P. J. MCLAUGHLIN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Expression of Zeta (¥) a Growth-Related Opioid Receptor, in Metastetic Adenocarcinoma of the Human Cerebellum Get access IAN S. ZAGON, IAN S. ZAGON Department of Anatomy The Pennsylvania State University The Milton S.Hershey Medical Center HersheyPA 17033 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DENISE GIBO, DENISE GIBO Department of Anatomy The Pennsylvania State University The Milton S.Hershey Medical Center HersheyPA 17033 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PATRICIA J. MCLAUGHLIN PATRICIA J. MCLAUGHLIN Department of Anatomy The Pennsylvania State University The Milton S.Hershey Medical Center HersheyPA 17033 3 We thank Mr. Norman Foster and Dr. Javad Towfighi for human autopsy tissues. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 4, 21 February 1990, Pages 325–327, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.4.325 Published: 21 February 1990
Photic Stimulation as a Training Aid in Psychotherapy
Authors: Merrill Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

ONE definition of psychotherapy features the learning aspects of that process. For example, it has been said that in psychotherapy the patient partly unlearns some old patterns and learns some fresh ones. The words "training aids" are widely used (as in the armed forces) to describe any device whether visual or auditory or sensory that helps this process along. The term "emotional re-education" has also been used in describing psychotherapy. Certainly, psychotherapy is in some ways comparable to the learning process, or similar to it in some circumstances. The term "training aids" is a very broad term and can include . . .
Abstract 4777: Cytomegalovirus infection leads to pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas in Trp53 +/- mice.
Authors: Richard L. Price, Katherine Bingmer, Lualhati Harkins, Hans Iwenofu, Chang-Hyuk Kwon, Charles Cook, Christopher Pelloski, E Antonio Chiocca
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Despite not being considered oncogenic, cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been detected in an increasing number of malignancies. However, recent studies have suggested mechanisms through which CMV may modulate the tumor environment, encouraging its study as a positive modifier of tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of CMV infection in Trp53 heterozygous mice. Animals were infected with murine CMV (MCMV) after birth at 2 days (P2) or 4 weeks of age via intraperitoneal injection and then monitored for tumor formation. Additional control cohorts were mock-infected (saline vehicle) or infected with HSV-1, a similar herpes virus. Following MCMV infection, widespread systemic infection ensued followed by immune clearance of the virus resulting in seroconversion. Mice infected at P2 developed tumors at a high frequency (43%) by 9 months of age. In contrast, only 3% of mock-infected or mice infected at 4 weeks developed tumors. The majority of tumors from P2 MCMV-infected mice were pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) as evidenced by MyoD1, Desmin, and Myogenin staining. Importantly, MCMV-infected tumors contained MCMV DNA, RNA, and protein. An examination of clinical cases revealed that human RMS (embryonal, alveolar, and pleomorphic) harbored human CMV IE1 and pp65 protein as well as viral RNA. All of the cases (n=18) tested positive for CMV genetic material. CMV protein was found throughout the tumor including pleomorphic cells. Additionally, perivascular areas demonstrated intense staining consistent with other reports of linking CMV with angiogenesis. To confirm the selective presence of HCMV DNA in human RMS, quantitative PCR analysis showed that tumors expressed an average of 81.1 copies/ng of HCMV-UL83 and of 22.2 copies/ng of HCMV-UL146 compared to 0 and 0.49 copies/ng in normal muscle, respectively. The amplified products’ nucleotide sequence was greater than 95% identical to that of a clinical strain Taken together, our findings offer support for the hypothesis that CMV contributes to the development of pleomorphic RMS in the context of Trp53 mutation, a situation which occurs with high frequency in human RMS. Citation Format: Richard L. Price, Katherine Bingmer, Lualhati Harkins, Hans Iwenofu, Chang-Hyuk Kwon, Charles Cook, Christopher Pelloski, E Antonio Chiocca. Cytomegalovirus infection leads to pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas in Trp53 +/- mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4777. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4777
WHAT IS THE PROPER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SUSPICIOUS TUMORS OF THE INVOLUTING BREAST?
Authors: J.CLARK STEWART
Journal: JAMA (1904)

From articles which have appeared in the medical journals during the past year emanating from centers of medical education, it would seem as if the query propounded above was susceptible of widely varying answers, and that there was no unanimity of opinion on this question among American surgeons. By suspicious tumors are meant, not clearly diagnosable carcinomata or cysts, but small, hard tumors in women over 40, which may be early carcinomata, adenofibromata, single tense cysts or the earlier cysts of a chronic cystic mastitis. All surgeons must frequently have to decide this question of how to best surgically treat a small doubtful tumor in a woman past the menopause, and many must err either in doing an unnecessarily large operation on the one hand, or, far worse, in failing to recognize malignancy and by too conservative work favoring prompt recurrence. What is needed is an acceptable exploratory procedure which will allow exposure and macroscopic, and, if need
RNA Interference in Vitro and in Vivo Using a Novel Chitosan/siRNA Nanoparticle System
Authors: Kenneth A. Howard, Ulrik L. Rahbek, Xiudong Liu, Christian K. Damgaard, Sys Zoffmann Glud, Morten Ø. Andersen, Mads B. Hovgaard, Alexander Schmitz, Jens R. Nyengaard, Flemming Besenbacher, Jørgen Kjems
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

This work introduces a novel chitosan-based siRNA nanoparticle delivery system for RNA interference in vitro and in vivo. The formation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes between siRNA duplexes (21-mers) and chitosan polymer into nanoparticles, ranging from 40 to 600 nm, was shown using atomic force microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Rapid uptake (1 h) of Cy5-labeled nanoparticles into NIH 3T3 cells, followed by accumulation over a 24 h period, was visualized using fluorescence microscopy. Nanoparticle-mediated knockdown of endogenous enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was demonstrated in both H1299 human lung carcinoma cells and murine peritoneal macrophages (77.9% and 89.3% reduction in EGFP fluorescence, respectively). In addition, Western analysis showed ∼90% reduced expression of BCR/ABL-1 leukemia fusion protein while BCR expression was unaffected in K562 (Ph+) cells after transfection using nanoparticles containing siRNA specific to the BCR/ABL-1 junction sequence. Effective in vivo RNA interference was achieved in bronchiole epithelial cells of transgenic EGFP mice after nasal administration of chitosan/siRNA formulations (37% and 43% reduction compared to mismatch and untreated control, respectively). These findings highlight the potential application of this novel chitosan-based system in RNA-mediated therapy of systemic and mucosal disease.
Synovitis induced by alendronic acid can present as acute carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: David Gwynne Jones, Ruth Savage, John Highton
Journal: BMJ (2005)

has recognised unacceptable variations nationwide in the quality of care for children and wants to eliminate these differences (the National Service Framework). 4 5 The framework allows adult nurses to care for children only within the limits of their knowledge and should be under direct supervision of a children's trained nurse.Recruitment and retention of nursing staff is a problem in emergency departments.The Royal College of Nursing recommends rotational posts with community nursing and paediatric wards.The number of applicants for training in children's nursing exceeds the number available, so structured investment in nurse training may provide the necessary skilled nurses.The AESC recommends that hospitals seeing more than 18 000 children should have a consultant in paediatric emergency medicine by 2004 and in all emergency departments by 2010.This, along with many of the other AESC recommendations made five years ago, has not been met and without future investment in staffing and facilities a child centred service will be hard to achieve.
Diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: a population based case control study
Authors: J. A. Davila, Robert O Morgan, Y. Shaib, K. A. McGlynn, H. B. El-Serag
Journal: Gut (2005)

Diabetes has been associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in studies of referred patients. This is the first population based case control study in the USA to examine this association while adjusting for other major risk factors related to HCC.We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End-Results Program (SEER)-Medicare linked database to identify patients aged 65 years and older diagnosed with HCC and randomly selected non-cancer controls between 1994 and 1999. Only cases and controls with continuous Medicare enrollment for three years prior to the index date were examined. Inpatient and outpatient claims files were searched for diagnostic codes indicative of diabetes, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), alcoholic liver disease, and haemochromatosis. HCC patients without these conditions were categorised as idiopathic. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated in logistic regression analyses.We identified 2061 HCC patients and 6183 non-cancer controls. Compared with non-cancer controls, patients with HCC were male (66% v 36%) and non-White (34% v 18%). The proportion of HCC patients with diabetes (43%) was significantly greater than non-cancer controls (19%). In multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for demographics features and other HCC risk factors (HCV, HBV, alcoholic liver disease, and haemochromatosis), diabetes was associated with a threefold increase in the risk of HCC. In a subset of patients without these major risk factors, the adjusted odds ratio for diabetes declined but remained significant (adjusted odds ratio 2.87 (95% confidence interval 2.49-3.30)). A significant positive interaction between HCV and diabetes was detected (p<0.0001). Similar findings persisted in analyses restricted to diabetes recorded between two and three years prior to HCC diagnosis.Diabetes is associated with a 2-3-fold increase in the risk of HCC, regardless of the presence of other major HCC risk factors. Findings from this population based study suggest that diabetes is an independent risk factor for HCC.
Ban direct to consumer advertising, report recommends
Authors: B. Burton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A report on direct to consumer advertising of prescription only medicines in New Zealand has recommended that the practice be banned.

The report, by senior academic staff at all four of New Zealand's medical schools, concluded that such advertising, which is allowed in New Zealand, does not give “objective information on risks, benefits and options to assist patients to participate in healthcare decisions.”

Professor Les Toop, from the University of Otago's Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and his five colleagues recommended that “an independent health information service” be established to inform consumers on health and treatment …
Disodium cromoglycate and induced asthma.
Authors: H. Herxheimer
Journal: BMJ (1969)

M Jlu OURjAL old, and both she and her sister-in-law were clear that difficulty in swallowing was her main problem.The patient looked ill and wasted, and was admitted as an emergency, with a probable diagnosis of carcinoma of the oesophagus.Alternatively, it was considered that she may have had enlarged nodes compressing her oesophagus and .causing the dysphagia.In the ward she admitted to frequency, as she had been drinking a lot to try to wash her food down.She also had nocturia.Her pulse was regular at 92 and her blood pres- sure was 150/80.Apart from wasting there were no abnormal signs.A barium meal report stated, " the oesophagus showed no evidence of obstruction and had normal peri- staltic movements, but there is a slight irregularity of the margin extending through- out the whole length-?significance.The duodenal cap appeared normal.There is a
Two new classes of conopeptides inhibit the α1-adrenoceptor and noradrenaline transporter
Authors: Iain A. Sharpe, John Gehrmann, Marion L. Loughnan, Linda Thomas, Denise A. Adams, Ann Atkins, Elka Palant, David J. Craik, David J. Adams, Paul F. Alewood, Richard J. Lewis
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2001)
Hospital, high schools span 'age gap'
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Hospitals and high schools usually have little in common. But the Sepulveda, Calif, Veterans Administration Hospital and three nearby high schools have a good thing going. What it amounts to, said Howard F. Wallach, MD, at the recent Gerontological Society meeting in Dallas, is a spanning of at least one generation gap by bringing young visitors to the chronic care area. The mean age of the patients in the hospital's Nursing Home Care Unit is 68 years. The youngsters who come to visit them are in their midteens. Wallach, who heads the Division of Geropsychiatry at the hospital, started the project four years ago with ten students from nearby Monroe High School and ten men who were patients in the chronic care unit. Now, he says, 80 students from three high schools participate each semester, visiting at least 80 patients. The students receive school credit for their efforts, and so
Aging in women—the four-compartment model of body composition
Authors: John F. Aloia, Ashok Vaswani, Ruimei Ma, Edith Flaster
Journal: Metabolism (1996)

The four-compartment model of body composition was examined in 155 white women through measurement of total body carbon (TBC), nitrogen (TBN), calcium (TBCa), and water levels. The age (mean ± SD) of the population was 51.4 ± 13.5 years, and values for the four compartments were as follows (in kilograms): protein 8.9 ± 1.0, water 30.9 ± 3.5, mineral 2.6 ± 0.4, and fat 22.6 ± 7.3. There was a linear change with age for protein and water, whereas mineral and fat were curvilinear. These latter two compartments also showed differences in premenopausal and postmenopausal rates of change. Various models were fit to the data to adjust for body size and age. Each of the four compartments (mineral, water, fat, and protein) changed with age, with fat increasing and the other compartments declining. The equation, y = age + age2 + height + weight, fit the data as well as the other models. Equations are provided to assess body composition in populations with disorders of nutrition, as well as other illnesses, using height, weight, and age as covariates. Since this was a cross-sectional study, longitudinal studies will have to be performed to confirm the accuracy of rates of change with age predicted with each compartment.