tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Haemolytic-uraemic Syndrome Treated with Heparin
Authors: M. W. Moncrieff, E. F. Glasgow
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Three children with the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome were treated with intravenous heparin. Peritoneal dialysis was required for two of them, one of whom died after 26 days of therapy. Renal biopsy specimens from the two survivors showed widespread glomerular disease, which appeared permanent in one case, but only occasional thrombi. It is suggested that heparin therapy, by preventing further intrarenal thrombosis, allowed the normal fibrinolytic mechanisms to remove previously formed thrombi.
Forced diuresis to reduce nephrotoxicity of streptozotocin in the treatment of advanced metastatic insulinoma.
Authors: M V Tobin, H M Warenius, A I Morris
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Forced diuresis to reduce nephrotoxicity of streptozotocin in the treatment of advanced metastatic insulinomaStreptozotocin is a specific , cell toxin that was first used to treat malignant islet cell tumours in 1%8.' Enthusiasm for its use, however, has been tempered by the high risk of nephrotoxicity, which occurs in up to 100% of patients.2We report on the successful management of a patient with a
Naturally processed T cell–activating peptides of the major birch pollen allergen
Authors: Sonja Mutschlechner, Matthias Egger, Peter Briza, Michael Wallner, Peter Lackner, Anette Karle, Anne B. Vogt, Gottfried F. Fischer, Barbara Bohle, Fatima Ferreira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Amendments to the Coroners and Justice Bill
Authors: Vivienne Nathanson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Concerns about data sharing may undermine doctors’ and patients’ confidence 

Committee stage discussions in parliament are currently under way on the Coroners and Justice Bill. Although most of the clauses relate to amendments to the coronial system, clause 152 is receiving substantial attention in the press.

Clause 152 would allow all government departments to use a fast track procedure to share data without parliamentary debate. It includes a provision that allows ministers to “remove or modify any legal barrier to data sharing.” The explanatory notes say that, “This could be by repealing or amending other primary legislation, changing any other rule of law (for example, the application of the common law to confidentiality to defined circumstances), or creating a new power to share information where that power is currently absent.”

What does this mean for health data? Simply, it means a complete change in the current presumption of confidentiality for all identifiable patient data. If a minister “deemed it necessary to secure a relevant policy objective” and if “the order strikes a fair balance between the public interest and the interests of any person affected by it” laws that currently limit the sharing of health data, including the Data …
Counterfeit and substandard drugs in India may be smaller problem than claimed, say government findings
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Only a very small fraction (0.05%) of drugs made in India and tested by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation between 2009 and 2012 were “spurious” (counterfeit) or substandard, government data have shown.

In 2009 the drugs agency published its Report on Countrywide Survey for Spurious Drugs concerning what it believed were mostly unverified and sensational reports that between 10% and 25% of Indian drugs were “spurious.”1 Spurious drugs are defined as those that are manufactured under another drug name or that wrongly claim to be …
Gynecomastia During Phenothiazine Therapy
Authors: Irving B. Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1967)

RECENT OBSERVATION of two patients in whom gynecomastia developed during the course of therapy with phenothiazines suggested the possibility of a causal relationship. The phenothiazines are extensively used in general and psychiatric medical practice, and a review of the experience in our hospital uncovered an additional case. In none of the three cases could any of the known causes of gynecomastia be demonstrated. The subsequent course of one of these patients (case 1) appears to make the possibility of a causal relationship between the phenothiazine therapy and the gynecomastia even more likely. A review of the literature reveals several reports of feminizing effects, including breast engorgement and lactation in females using phenothiazine drugs.<sup>1</sup>To our knowledge, however, there have been no reports of gynecomastia occurring in male patients receiving phenothiazine therapy. Gynecomastia can occur in a variety of disease conditions,<sup>2</sup>the most frequent being pubertal hypertrophy of the
The Prognostic Value of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE)
Authors: Wenhui Ma, Jia Jia, Shengjun Wang, Wei Bai, Jingwei Yi, Ming Bai, Zhiyong Quan, Zhanxin Yin, Daiming Fan, Jing Wang, Guohong Han
Journal: Theranostics (2014)

18F-Fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT can be used to monitor the biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Baseline PET/CT has prognostic value in HCC patients, but there is litter knowledge of the PET/CT changes after treatment. We evaluated 27 HCC patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) from June 2011 to July 2012, and we investigated the prognostic value of PET/CT. Patients were followed up with regular clinical and laboratory examinations and contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CT). Furthermore, PET/CT assessments were collected and analyzed before (range 1~15 d) and after the first month of TACE (range, 27~45 d). We tested the prognostic value of the tumor standardized uptake value (TSUV) and normal liver SUV(LSUV) according to the VOI (volume of interest). The SUVs were used to assess the relationship between the treatment response and survival. To assess their prognostic value, we evaluated the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of different SUVs for predicting survival. Finally, the median overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) for 27 patients were 15.4 months (95%CI, 3.3-27.5 months) and 11.4 months (95%CI, 6.7-16.1 months), respectively. The ΔTSUVmax%, based on the VOI, had the highest discriminative prognostic value and the cutoff PET/CT response was 0.1 with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95.2%. The OS was significantly better in the PET/CT response group than in the PET/CT non-response group (p=0.025). In conclusion, an early interim PET/CT after TACE may have prognostic value for HCC patients treated with TACE, and the ΔTSUVmax% may help in determining the HCCs viability in patients with high baseline and follow-up18F-FDG uptake.
Induction of activin B by inflammatory stimuli up-regulates expression of the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin through Smad1/5/8 signaling
Authors: Céline Besson-Fournier, Chloé Latour, Léon Kautz, Jessica Bertrand, Tomas Ganz, Marie-Paule Roth, Hélène Coppin
Journal: Blood (2012)
Imprecise Incident of Incidence
Authors: Melvin A. Benarde
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  The imprecise incident of incidence written about by Dr. Schoenberg (229:1724, 1974) is itself quite imprecise.  In attempting to clarify an area fraught with confusion, he has unfortunately confounded the matter still further by using incidence and incidence rates synonymously and interchangeably. I offer the following example to help untangle the problem.  If 3,500 new cases of malignant neoplastic disease occurred in Philadelphia in 1974, the incidence of that condition would be 3,500. The incidence rate , on the other hand, is obtained by dividing 3,500 by 4,800,000, the population of Philadelphia, and multiplying the decimal value by 100,000. In so doing, we obtain an incidence rate of 70. The incidence of 3,500 and incidence rate of 70/100,000, while reflecting the same condition, have different meanings.
Myeloproliferative disease in transgenic mice expressing P230 Bcr/Abl: longer disease latency, thrombocytosis, and mild leukocytosis
Authors: Koiti Inokuchi, Kazuo Dan, Miyuki Takatori, Hidemasa Takahuji, Naoya Uchida, Mitsuharu Inami, Koichi Miyake, Hiroaki Honda, Hisamaru Hirai, Takashi Shimada
Journal: Blood (2003)
246 Effect of low dose 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: J.Y. Cheong, S.W. Cho, T.Y. Lim, K.M. Lee, K.B. Hahm, J.H. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Filling gaps in all-cause and cause-specific mortality and disability data are essential for improving Global Burden of Disease estimation: descriptive study of missing data by country and region
Authors: Katherine Leach-Kemon, Alan D Lopez, Rafael Lozano, Mohsen Naghavi, Theo Vos, Peter Speyer, Abigail McLain, Daniel Dicker, Diego Gonzalez-Medina, Carly E Levitz, Christopher JL Murray
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes to ethanol-induced liver injury by mediating cell injury, steatohepatitis, and steatosis
Authors: Mark A. Barnes, Megan R. McMullen, Sanjoy Roychowdhury, Sorana G. Pisano, Xiuli Liu, Abram B. Stavitsky, Laura E. Nagy
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a multipotent protein that exhibits both cytokine and chemotactic properties, is expressed by many cell types, including hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells. We hypothesized that MIF is a key contributor to liver injury after ethanol exposure. Female C57BL/6 or MIF−/− mice were fed an ethanol-containing liquid diet or pair-fed control diet for 4 (11% total kcal;early response) or 25 (32% kcal; chronic response) days. Expression of MIF messenger RNA (mRNA) was induced at both 4 days and 25 days of ethanol feeding. After chronic ethanol, hepatic triglycerides and plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were increased in wildtype, but not MIF−/−, mice. In order to understand the role of MIF in chronic ethanol-induced liver injury, we investigated the early response of wildtype and MIF−/− to ethanol. Ethanol feeding for 4 days increased apoptosis of hepatic macrophages and activated complement in both wildtype and MIF−/− mice. However, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression was increased only in wildtype mice. This attenuation of TNF-α expression was associated with fewer F4/80+ macrophages in liver of MIF−/− mice. After 25 days of ethanol feeding, chemokine expression was increased in wildtype mice, but not MIF−/− mice. Again, this protection was associated with decreased F4/80+ cells in MIF−/− mice after ethanol feeding. Chronic ethanol feeding also sensitized wildtype, but not MIF−/−, mice to lipopolysaccharide, increasing chemokine expression and monocyte recruitment into the liver. Conclusion : Taken together, these data indicate that MIF is an important mediator in the regulation of chemokine production and immune cell infiltration in the liver during ethanol feeding and promotes ethanol-induced steatosis and hepatocyte damage.
C-Reactive Protein and the Risk of Incident Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Thomas P. Erlinger
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer; however, epidemiological evidence supporting this hypothesis in average-risk persons is sparse.To determine the risk of incident colon and rectal cancer associated with elevated baseline plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP).Prospective, nested case-control study of a cohort of 22 887 adults (>18 years and Washington County, Maryland, residents) enrolled between May and October 1989 and followed up through December 2000. A total of 172 colorectal cancer cases were identified through linkage with the Washington County and Maryland State Cancer registries. Up to 2 controls (n = 342) were selected from the cohort for each case and matched by age, sex, race, and date of blood draw.Odds ratio (OR) of incident colon and rectal cancer.Plasma CRP concentrations were higher among all colorectal cases combined than controls (median CRP, 2.44 vs 1.94 mg/L; P =.01). The highest concentration was found in persons who subsequently developed colon cancer vs matched controls (median CRP, 2.69 vs 1.97 mg/L; P<.001). Among rectal cancer cases, CRP concentrations were not significantly different from controls (median CRP, 1.79 vs 1.81 mg/L; P =.32). The risk of colon cancer was higher in persons in the highest vs lowest quartile of CRP (OR, 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-4.88; P for trend =.002). In nonsmokers, the corresponding association was stronger (OR, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.64-7.51; P for trend<.001). A 1-SD increase in log CRP (1.02 mg/L) was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer after adjusting for potential confounders and excluding cases occurring within 2 years of baseline (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05-1.74) or excluding those with late-stage colon cancer at the time of diagnosis (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.99-1.91).Plasma CRP concentrations are elevated among persons who subsequently develop colon cancer. These data support the hypothesis that inflammation is a risk factor for the development of colon cancer in average-risk individuals.
Aneurysm of the coronary sinus.
Authors: S Y Ho, I Gupta, R H Anderson, M Lendon, I Kerr
Journal: Thorax (1983)

Two patients, an adult and a baby, with an aneurysm of the coronary sinus are described. This unusual anomaly was detected in the baby during angiographic investigations for congenital heart disease. The aneurysm was an unexpected postmortem finding in the adult. Although the adult died suddenly, there was no evidence that this could be linked to the presence of the aneurysm.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Newborns
Authors: Samuel L. Katz, Catherine M. Wilfert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Although the total number of reported cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in children in the United States is less than 2 percent of the number in adults, the seriousness of the problem of pediatric AIDS threatens to grow in the coming years, as increasing numbers of women of childbearing age become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through intravenous drug use or heterosexual transmission. The epidemiology of pediatric AIDS is, of course, strikingly different from that of its adult counterpart. At present, approximately 80 percent of the children who have AIDS were infected through perinatal transmission, whereas . . .
Excessive Adiposity, Calorie Restriction, and Aging
Authors: Luigi Fontana
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kennedy Tobacco Bill Revamped
Authors: K. Broder
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Kennedy Tobacco Bill Revamped Get access Karen Broder Karen Broder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 14, 18 July 1990, Page 1178, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.14.1178 Published: 18 July 1990
Pulmonary Embolism — New Diagnostic Approaches
Authors: Victor F. Tapson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Pulmonary angiography and contrast venography are nearly 100 percent sensitive and specific in making the diagnoses of pulmonary embolism and deep-vein thrombosis. Nevertheless, these conditions frequently go undetected, often with serious consequences. The standard approach to the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism involves the recognition of risk factors for the disorder and the presence of suggestive, albeit nonspecific, clinical findings, followed by ventilation–perfusion scanning. If the scan is normal, pulmonary embolism is ruled out. If, on the basis of the scan, the probability of pulmonary embolism is deemed to be high, treatment is indicated, except in unusual circumstances. Unfortunately, the . . .
Gene therapy improves immune function in preadolescents with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Javier Chinen, Joie Davis, Suk See De Ravin, Beverly N. Hay, Amy P. Hsu, Gilda F. Linton, Nora Naumann, Effie Y. H. Nomicos, Christopher Silvin, Jean Ulrick, Narda L. Whiting-Theobald, Harry L. Malech, Jennifer M. Puck
Journal: Blood (2007)
CASE OF DINITROPHENOL POISONING WITH RECOVERY
Authors: J. C. Geiger
Journal: JAMA (1935)

B. L., a girl, aged 18 years, admitted to the Central Emergency Hospital, Department of Public Health, Dec. 6, 1934, at 6:30 p. m., had taken twenty-four reducing capsules with suicidal intent. On physical examination the patient's face was flushed, the respiration rate was rapid and short, from 38 to 40 per minute, the pulse was 144, and the temperature was 103.4 F. Routine gastric lavage was done with a 5 per cent solution of sodium bicarbonate. The symptoms being those associated with an overdose of alpha-dinitrophenol, the patient was placed in an ice pack in order to bring down the temperature. This was repeated whenever the temperature went over 101 F. Oxygen was administered at intervals that evening, and 500 cc. of dextrose was administered intravenously. The patient slept at intervals the first night, and the next night she complained of being hungry but vomited after taking some food.
Reviews and Notes: Geriatrics: Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine
Authors: Fitzhugh C. Pannill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1993Reviews and Notes: Geriatrics: Oxford Textbook of Geriatric MedicineFitzhugh C. Pannill, MDFitzhugh C. Pannill, MDYale University, New Haven, CT 06504Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-5-199309010-00054 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Oxford Textbook of Geriatric MedicineJ. Grimley Evans and T. Franklin Williams; eds. 756 pages. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1992. $125.00.Writing a new textbook of geriatric medicine is a formidable task, especially one that represents the best of both United Kingdom and American geriatricians.The Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, edited by a premiere geriatrician from each country, addresses geriatrics as a body of knowledge beyond general internal medicine. By insisting their authors not review material found in general medicine texts and limiting chapters to 30 references each, the editors provide a comprehensive but not encyclopedic review for generalists caring for older ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Fitzhugh C. Pannill, MDAffiliations: Yale University, New Haven, CT 06504 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 5 Page: 446 Keywords Aging Antidiuretic hormone Geriatrics Hypotension Long-term care Menopause Mouth Stroke Tuberculin Urinary incontinence ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Safety and efficacy of combination vaccines
Authors: D. Elliman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

For 130 years or more after Jenner introduced a vaccine for smallpox this was the only vaccine in general use. Ten vaccines are now included in the routine childhood vaccination programme in the United Kingdom, with multiple doses of most. The use of combination vaccines reduces distress to the recipients and is likely to increase uptake rates. Many combinations are as efficacious as the separate vaccines, but the increasing number of antigens could theoretically pose problems in terms of reduced immunogenicity or increased reactogenicity.

Good post-marketing surveillance will become important in monitoring both the clinical efficacy of combination vaccines and adverse effects. With respect to clinical efficacy this may be a particular problem with combination conjugate vaccines. Using combination vaccines in the routine childhood programme in the United Kingdom amounts to giving 11 injections (24 in the United States), whereas, if given separately, 27 (almost 70 in the United States) would be needed. The alternative approaches are combining as many antigens into as few injections as possible, giving multiple simultaneous injections, or giving the required vaccines over several visits. Generally parents tend to have fewer concerns than health professionals about multiple injections. 1 2 However, it …
Review of &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;The Invisible Cure&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Helen Epstein
Journal: JAMA (2008)

To the Editor: I was surprised by the choice of Dr Green1 to review my book, The Invisible Cure,2 since his portrayal in the book was not flattering. This would seem to represent an undeclared conflict of interest. I believe that there are a number of errors in his review.
Calcium ion-insensitive contraction of glycerinated porcine cardiac muscle fibers by Mg-inosine triphosphate. ITP as a tool to dissociate the contraction mechanism from the regulatory mechanism.
Authors: T Toyo-oka
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The contraction of cardiac muscle that has been treated with glycerol requires Ca2+ (pCa 8-5), when MgATP is used as a substrate. In contrast, this preparation contracts, even in the absence of Ca2+ (pCa 8-10), when ATP is replaced by ITP. Ca2+ dependency was not observed after increasing free Ca2+ concentrations from pCa 8.0 to 5.0, or after increasing MgITP concentration from 5 to 80 mM. On the other hand, rabbit skeletal muscle fiber treated by the same method as cardiac muscle demonstrates Ca2+ dependency in the presence of both MgITP and MgATP, although this Ca2+ regulation is less in the presence of MgITP. Loss of Ca2+ dependency was confirmed by the finding that, in contrast to ATPase, the ITPase activity of cardiac myofibrils was not dependent on Ca2+ concentrations. Furthermore, the very fast tension responses (quick phases) following quick stretch and quick release were missing in MgITP, and the contractions were similar to rigor. These were not rigor however, because phosphate liberation from ITP continued, and muscle shortening occurred in MgITP. These findings suggest that MgITP dissociates the contraction mechanism from the regulatory mechanism, modulating the regulatory properties of cardiac muscle fiber.