tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 368: Development of a highly potent and non-invasive optical imaging agent for glioblastoma
Authors: Ruiwu Liu, Wenwu Xiao, Fernanda C. Bononi, Eduardo Sanchez, Yanlei Liu, Anisha Mazloom, Harry Tseng, Kit S. Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Using the “one-bead one-compound” (OBOC) combinatorial library approach, we have previously identified a peptide ligand LXY1, cyclic c-d-G-L-G-Hyp-N-c, that targets the α3β1 integrin of U87MG glioblastoma cells. Very recently, we have further optimized LXY1 using the OBOC focused library approach, and subsequently traditional medicinal chemistry. Three focused OBOC peptide libraries have been designed by fixing the motif c-d-G_G_ _c, randomizing the other positions with a large number of D- and other unnatural amino acids, and extending with 1-2 random amino acids at the N-terminus and/or C-terminus of LXY1. The bead libraries have been screened against U87MG cells using an on-bead cell binding assay. Three out of the twelve positive ligands have an additional L-amino acid at the C-terminus of LXY1. However, none of the positive beads has an extension of additional residues at the N-terminus. A series of new ligands has been designed based on the screening results, and extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have been performed. Several ligands have shown more potent in vitro binding to U87MG cells, and better in vivo tumor uptake than LXY1. Among them, LXY30 [cyclic c-d-G-Phe(3,5-diF)-G-Hyp-N-c-R] is the most promising ligand. Optical imaging of LXY30, using LXY30-biotin/streptavidin-Cy5.5 conjugate, in both subcutaneous and orthotopic U87MG glioblastoma mouse models, will be presented. LXY30 could be used as an efficient vehicle for the delivery of imaging probes and therapeutic agents against glioblastoma and other tumors with a high expression of the α3β1 integrin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 368. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-368
THE PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ECLAMPSIA AND ALBUMINURIA
Authors: J. Young
Journal: BMJ (1929)

a very real disadvantage in the fact that the cannutila is very a1t to become displaced, especially in a restless child, and come out of the chest, pulling the drainage tube witlh it.This difficulty is entirely obviated by usinig a self- retaininig rubber catheter, which is either initroduced direct throulgh a very small incisionl into the cliest, or througlh a cannula, which is witlhdr-awn immediately tho drainage tube lhas been inserted.I have had an oval trocar and cannula specially imiade to eniable a larger catheter to be introduced between the ribs than would otherwvise be possible, but I am niot sure that this methiod l)resenlts anlv iraterial advantage over the method of direct introduction throuigh a-a small incision in the chest wall.Two other disadvaintages have beeni cited against this formii of treat- ment-lnamlely, that it is difficult to ensurie adequate (Irainage, and that after-tr eatment r equires almost coln- tinuouis supervision by specially trainied nurses.W ith regard to effitiency of drainage, we have not fouind the difficulties so great as wvould be thougiht.Irrigation of the cavity by Dakin's solution, two or thlree times a day, seemlls to soften or disintegrate those large miiasses of fibrin vhicil so often impede.the free passage through the tuibe.If tlhe latter appears to be blocked it is detaclhed from the suction apparatus, and, by meanis of a glass syringe, Dakiii's solution is alterniately forced gently through the tube aiid sucked out againi.By doing this a large amouniit of fibriin cani often be remloved, and when the suction appairattus is replaced drain age is founld to proceed quite satisfactor ilv.The last, objection to continuous suction, that it requires uniremittingr attention-, is only partially true.Once it is satisfactorily started very little attentioni is required, unless the tubs gets blocked and requires svringing out, as it X occasionally does.Irrigation with Dakin's or some other antiseptic ought to be carried out at least two or three times a day, no miiatter what method of diaiinage is adopted, anid it is miiuch easier to detach the SUC'tiOnl p)ump and irrig;ate throulgh the catheter than it is to remiiove the messy dressinigs from a patient's chest and irrigate through an ordiinary openi tube.One way and anlother, I do not think thalt this methlod recquires more atten-tion than can easily be given in the ordinary routine way inl a hospvital ward or a nursinlg hlome.Dulrinlg the last eighteenl monthls I hlave treated nil cases of emlpyema coming under my care, twrelve in all, by thlis method.Of these twele eases,orne, a man of 35, who had a lalrge chronic empyema of some five mlonths' duration, diedl as the result of eh nultipole cerlebral abscesses tlirces wfeeks nfter admissiong, and while tweempyemal was still draining.The er eleven cases have all dnone unbiformly well.a After remoial of the catheter I have, in all cases, put a
CULTIVATION OF THE SKIN EPITHELIUM OF THE ADULT FROG, RANA PIPIENS
Authors: Eduard Uhlenhuth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1914)

1. Fragments of skin taken from the back of the leopard frog were cultivated in a mixture of plasma and muscle extract of the same species. 2. A few hours after explanation, processes of activity are seen to arise, which finally lead to the formation of a compact epithelial rim around the fragment of skin. 3. These epithelial cells undergo gradual transformation into a spindle-shaped type of cell; in this form they resemble the spindle cells which have been described as connective tissue cells. 4. The growth of a rim of tissue around the explanted fragments of skin may be ascribed principally to the activity of a basal layer of epithelial cells, the units of which first advance into the medium as compact membranes by means of the so called epithelial movement, but which later become separated from the compact membrane, and having assume a spindle form, spread according to the manner of connective tissue cells. 5. In contradistinction to this basal layer, the cells of an upper and middle layer of epithelium upon separation from the fragment of skin and isolation in the nutritive medium, remain completely inactive. 6. The connective tissue of frog skin, for reasons not yet completely established, does not participate in the production of the rim of cells, possibly for the reason that it was early surrounded by the epithelium and was thus prevented from sending out cells into the medium. 7. The transformation of the epithelial cells into a type of cells of the spindle form is a result of the changes in the physicochemical conditions brought about by the life in vitro, which become similar to the physicochemical conditions normally characteristic of connective tissue. 8. The final stage of the explanted fragments of skin is a hollow epithelial sphere (cystic stage) filled with connective tissue. 9. During the cystic stage the epithelium again shows its normal polar differentiation, as a consequence of the physicochemical conditions which now approach normal. 10. These conditions also permit of the shedding of cells in a vertical direction, although previously the production of cells in a horizontal direction had already become impossible.
Psychotropic Medications During Pregnancy: Risk to the Fetus
Authors: Michael J. Tueth
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —I was excited to read the article by Pastuszak et al1reporting on a prospective study of 128 women who took therapeutic doses of fluoxetine during their first trimester of pregnancy compared with the pregnancy outcome of two matched groups of women exposed to either nonteratogens or tricyclic antidepressants. Rates of major congenital malformations were similar for the three groups.  This prospective study follows close on the heels of two studies reported inLancetin 1992. Jacobson et al2reported in a prospective study the pregnancy outcome after lithium exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy, and Bergman et al3published the results of a study of exposure to benzodiazepines during fetal life using a retrospective approach. In the first study,2women taking an average of 927 mg of lithium were compared with a control group of pregnant women who were taking drugs
Sexual Dysfunction is Common in Women with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Urinary Incontinence: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Andrea Salonia, Giuseppe Zanni, Rossella E. Nappi, Alberto Briganti, Federico Dehò, Fabio Fabbri, Renzo Colombo, Giorgio Guazzoni, Valerio Di Girolamo, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Persisting high levels of plasma pentraxin 3 over the first days after severe sepsis and septic shock onset are associated with mortality
Authors: Tommaso Mauri, Giacomo Bellani, Nicolo’ Patroniti, Andrea Coppadoro, Giuseppe Peri, Ivan Cuccovillo, Massimo Cugno, Gaetano Iapichino, Luciano Gattinoni, Antonio Pesenti, Alberto Mantovani
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Pyloric Stenosis and Fibrous Stricture of the Stomach Due to Ferrous Sulphate Poisoning
Authors: F. G. M. Ross
Journal: BMJ (1953)

of water, in the left 105 cm.Radiographs of the chest con- firmed the lower position of the left clavicle (Fig. 3).A phlebogram carried out by injection into the antecubital veins showed a hold-up of the radio-opaque material at the outer edge of the first rib on the left, but not on the right.The arm was rested in a sling so adjusted as to elevate the tip of the elbow and thus the whole shoulder girdle.This resulted in a pronounced dimin- ution in the oedema.The patient refused operative removal of a por- tion of the first rib.Comnmtent.-It seems that in some , cases of post-opers ~~ative oedema of s the arm after radical mastectomy the condition is due to dropping of the shoulder girdle fol- _iihE lowing the operation, leading to obstruction of the FIG.2.-Photograph of Case 3 after subclavian vein by radical amputation of the left breast with pressure on the venous oedema of the left arm.Observe first rib.The ob- the dropping of the tip of the shoulder vious treatment of and clavicle on the left side.such cases would appear to be re- moval of that por- tion of the first rib causing the ................
Pediatric Surgical Pathology
Authors: Harvey S. Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The pediatric pathologist remains a generalist, maintaining a broad range of interest focused only on disease in early life. Dehner's approach in this volume is general; nothing else would do. His work is divided into 16 chapters, each dealing with an organ system and covering all aspects of systemic pathology. Photographs are abundant and pertinent, although the captions do not always adequately identify the illustrated material. The references make up a significant aspect of the volume, occupying almost 20% of the text. These references are timely, useful, and essential where the text provides a brief summary of unusual aspects of disease. The treatment in each of the chapters covers the range of diseases encountered in a children's hospital or a general hospital pediatric unit. The section on skin and supporting adnexae is the longest chapter and contains within it a classification of skin lesions in infants and children to be
The Benefit of Increasing Sulfonylurea Dose
Authors: Matthew D. Epstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 September 1993The Benefit of Increasing Sulfonylurea DoseMatthew D. Epstein, MDMatthew D. Epstein, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I am not convinced by Stenman and colleagues [1] that there is no benefit in increasing the dose of glipizide. Although blood glucose concentrations for the three treatment groups are not statistically different, the average daily blood glucose level is inversely proportional to the glipizide dose: 171 mg/dL for the group receiving 10 mg/d, 166 mg/dL for the group receiving 20 mg/d, and 160 mg/dL for the group receiving 40 mg/d. The mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values for the treatment groups are also not statistically different, but they may lack the sensitivity to detect small but statistically ...REFERENCE1. Stenman S, Melander A, Groop PH, Groop LC. What is the benefit of increasing the sulfonylurea dose? Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:169-72. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Matthew D. Epstein, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 537-538KeywordsAttentionBloodBlood sugarDietGlucoseHbA1cHemoglobinHypoglycemiaInsulinInsulin secretion ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor.
Authors: E T Yeh, W F Rosse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Although the clinical syndrome of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)' was recognized many years ago ( 1 ), its complexity was difficult to explain.The erythrocytes were known to be susceptible to the hemolytic action of comple- ment, and this characteristic formed the basis for the diagnosis of the disease (2).In addition, many patients suffered thromboses and/or had evidence of relative or absolute diminution in hematopoiesis (3).Although the disease appeared to be acquired, no specific lesion could be delineated which could account for the complex clinical symptoms.The first identified biochemical defects were the absence of two enzymes: acetylcholinesterase from the red cells (4) and alkaline phosphatase from the leukocytes (5, 6).Considerably later, the absence of the complement regulatory protein, decay accelerating factor (DAF), was identified (7).To date, at least 14 proteins have been found to be missing or markedly dimin- ished on the abnormal blood cells in PNH (Table I).For many of these, functions are known, and the lack of those functions may be related to the pathogenesis of PNH; in other cases, the function of the missing protein is not known.Further, it is likely that other proteins, as yet unidentified, are probably also missing.The recognition, first, that alkaline phosphatase (8) and, later, that DAF (9) were tethered to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor directed research on the pathogenesis of the defects in PNH to the biosynthesis of that molecule. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor and its biosynthesisA large number of eukaryotic proteins are attached to the cell surface by novel glycolipids called glycosylphosphatidylinosi- tols (GPIs) (10-13).This type of glycolipid constitutes
Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Joseph Westermeyer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Schenck et al<sup>1</sup>made no mention of alcohol or other drug abuse in their sample of patients with sleep behavior disorder. Response to clonazepam in these patients is consistent with possible alcohol-sedative abuse. This symptom, often reported by alcohol and other drug abusers and by their families, usually resolves with abstinence and recovery from substance abuse in such patients. Future investigators of this phenomenon should consider data collection for substance abuse disorders (eg, via γ-glutamyltransferase assays, urine drug screens, the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, and collateral sources). For patients with sleep behavior disorder who engage in substance abuse, it is important that treatment be primary whenever possible (ie, recovery from substance abuse), especially when symptomatic therapy (eg, benzodiazepines) may exacerbate the primary condition.
STUDIES ON THYMUS FUNCTION
Authors: Osias Stutman, Edmond J. Yunis, Robert A. Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

Significant immunological restoration of 45-day old, neonatally thymectomized C3Hf mice was obtained by the cooperation of syngeneic newborn or embryonic hemopoietic liver cells with thymic function. Thymic function or cells alone are almost ineffective or restore approximately 10% of the animals. Newborn liver cells are effective in association with thymus grafts or humoral thymic function (thymoma grafts and thymus or thymomas in diffusion chambers). Embryonic liver cells are ineffective, even in large numbers, when associated with humoral thymic function. On the other hand, embryonic liver cells are effective in the cooperative effect only in association with viable thymus grafts, preferably syngeneic, whether the grafts were placed subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, or under the kidney capsule. Dispersed viable thymic cells are ineffective in association with embryonic liver cells. Cells capable of cooperating with humoral thymic function start to appear to embryonic liver by day 19-21 of gestation and are detectable until day 5-6 postbirth. Embryonic hemopoietic liver cells from 12 to 18 days of gestation contain cells capable of cooperation only with viable free thymus grafts and not with humoral thymic function. A prethymic cell population of partially differentiated cells of hemopoietic origin, insensitive to humoral activity of the thymus but requiring thymic stroma and traffic through the thymus is postulated to explain our results. This population of prethymic cells can become postthymic through this process and eventually develop into competent cells. Postthymic cells are characterized by their sensitivity to humoral activity of the thymus and by their wide distribution in the lymphohemopoietic tissues of newborn and young adult mice.
Thioredoxin Reductase-1 Mediates Curcumin-Induced Radiosensitization of Squamous Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Prashanthi Javvadi, Lauren Hertan, Rachelle Kosoff, Tatini Datta, Johann Kolev, Rosemarie Mick, Stephen W. Tuttle, Constantinos Koumenis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Curcumin, a plant polyphenol, is a widely studied chemopreventive agent with demonstrated antitumor activities in preclinical studies and low toxicity profiles in multiple clinical trials against human malignancies. We previously showed that curcumin radiosensitizes cervical tumor cells without increasing the cytotoxic effects of radiation on normal human fibroblasts. Here we report that an inhibitory activity of curcumin on the antioxidant enzyme thioredoxin reductase-1 (TxnRd1) is required for curcumin-mediated radiosensitization of squamous carcinoma cells. Stable knockdown of TxnRd1 in both HeLa and FaDu cells nearly abolished curcumin-mediated radiosensitization. TxnRd1 knockdown cells showed decreased radiation-induced reactive oxygen species and sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation, which we previously showed was required for curcumin-mediated radiosensitization. Conversely, overexpressing catalytically active TxnRd1 in HEK293 cells, with low basal levels of TxnRd1, increased their sensitivity to curcumin alone and to the combination of curcumin and ionizing radiation. These results show the critical role of TxnRd1 in curcumin-mediated radiosensitization and suggest that TxnRd1 levels in tumors could have clinical value as a predictor of response to curcumin and radiotherapy.
Appendicitis With Symptoms In Left Lower Quadrant
Authors: Achilles Skoulas
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  A rare case of appendicitis is reported to illustrate the differential diagnosis of acute symptoms and signs involving mainly the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. The only similar case found in the literature had been diagnosed by exclusion without surgical exploration. 1   Report of a Case.—  In a 52-year-old man with epigastric aching, nausea, and fever, tenderness was found mainly over the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. He improved temporarily, but four days later took milk of magnesia, and his condition worsened. His temperature was 39.4° C, blood pressure, 110/80, and pulse rate, 90. There was marked tenderness over the lower portion of the abdomen, mainly on the left side. Bowel sounds were hypoactive. A grade-2 systolic injection murmur was heard over the fourth intercostal space in the parasternal area. A white blood cell count was normal. The urine contained glucose (4+ ) and six to
Wombless in Maharashtra
Authors: Asha Gopinathan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Eight further cases of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension are described together with a necropsy study on one case. Three cases showed evidence of autonomic dysfunction in isolation, while in five cases this was accompanied by evidence of more diffuse central nervous system degeneration. (Parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, dementia, pyramidal signs, bulbar weakness, and muscular wasting were all seen in varying proportions.) The various clinical presentations, investigations, pathology, treatment, and prognosis are discussed. In the experience of the authors, when assessed, an abnormal Valsalva response is invariable, confirming the breakdown of the circulatory reflex. A normal vasopressor response is likewise invariable, eliminating an abnormality of blood vessels themselves, and confirming the lesion as neurogenic. The demonstration of loss of sweating to indirect body heating, which also is usual suggests that the defect is central or on the efferent side of the reflex and a normal pilo-erector response to acetylcholine confirms this as preganglionic. Emphasis is laid on the non-specificity of many accepted physiological tests in this disorder and on the delay in diagnosis consequent upon the variable presentation.
Howard Washington Kenney, MD
Authors: Aubrey Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1996)

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Signs of depression and apathy precede memory problems in Alzheimer's disease, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

People who develop Alzheimer’s disease show signs of depression and apathy before they start to experience memory disturbances, says a US study that observed the natural time course of symptoms before the onset of symptomatic dementia.

Non-cognitive symptoms such as depression, apathy, and aggression are known to occur with advancing cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease, but information has been limited on whether these symptoms also precede dementia.

To find out more about the time course …