tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis: Comparison of F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography and Bone Scintigraphy in the Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Philip Shie, Roberto Cardarelli, David Brandon, William Erdman, Nashila AbdulRahim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic properties of FDG-PET and bone scintigraphy in the detection of osseous metastases in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET and bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of osseous metastasis were systematically searched for in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EBM Review databases from January 1995 to November 2006. Two reviewers independently abstracted data including research design, sample size, imaging technique and technical characteristics, reference standard, method of image interpretation, and totals of true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives. Per-patient and per-lesion pooled sensitivity and specificity, and area under summary receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated using Meta-Test software. Results: The pooled patient-based sensitivity for FDG-PET was 81% (95% CI: 70%–89%), specificity was 93% (95% CI: 84%–97%), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.08. The pooled sensitivity of bone scan was 78% (95% CI: 67%–86%), specificity was 79% (95% CI: 40%–95%), and the AUC was 0.43. The pooled lesion-based sensitivity for FDG-PET was 69% (95% CI: 28%–93%), specificity was 98% (95% CI: 87%–100%), and the AUC was 0.09. The pooled sensitivity for bone scan was 88% (95% CI: 82%–92%), specificity was 87% (95% CI: 29%–99%), and the AUC was 0.81. Conclusions: It remains inconclusive whether FDG-PET or bone scintigraphy is superior in detecting osseous metastasis from breast cancer. However, FDG-PET does have a higher specificity and may better serve as a confirmatory test than bone scintigraphy and used to monitor response to therapy.
Azidothymidine inhibits NF-κB and induces Epstein-Barr virus gene expression in Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Motoki Kurokawa, Subrata K. Ghosh, Juan Carlos Ramos, Abdul M. Mian, Ngoc L. Toomey, Lisa Cabral, Denise Whitby, Glen N. Barber, Dirk P. Dittmer, William J. Harrington
Journal: Blood (2005)
Presidential Address ON ABDOMINAL EMERGENCIES: Delivered before the Manchester Medical Society
Authors: E. S. Bishop
Journal: BMJ (1910)

MAY 21,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIA JOURNA1 ABOIA t .' iw t * ~appreciable blood lost, whilst in gastric ulcer the blood @uiri'i6ett£ntRta AjbjQ S lost is either vomited or possed -by bowel, and so easily recognized, the extreme rapidity of the pulse in ruptured ON ectopic pregnancy would almost alone serve to distinguish ABDOIMIJN:L EMEIRGENCIESI it, and this especially if seen-early after the occurrence.The colour of the lips and finger-nails also is very different- DELIVERED BEFORE THE MANCHESTER MEDICAL in the one they are naturally blanched, in the other twvo SOCIETY.they alter but little; whilst if seen later, the expression of the facel w4Lottract attention; in appendical absceess and By E. STANMORE BISHOP, F.R.C.S.ENG.gastric uleithe flaids set free.irritate the peritoneum, and the peritinitic face is produced.An expression of extreme TBE liht of abdominal emergencies is a fairly long one, anxiety comes over the features, which in itself is and includes: characteristic.I have called it a " hunted " expression;Accidental injuries and rapture of viscera.the patient looks from face to face in search of a help,tbat Post-parturm haemorrhage.she knows beforehand she will not find; once seen, this Ruptured ectopic gestation.can hardly be mistaken for anything else.In the other Twisted ovarian pedicle.ca"b, the blood not being an irritant, the face is more Intestihal kiksrandadhesions.placid; there is anxiety, too, but it is not of.the urgent Appefidlis.kind which is seen in the others; so that from the face Acutepa.ncreatitis.and the pulse alone a diagnosismight almost be made.But The pass'age of reinal or,biliary calculi; and the respirations also differ.In ectopic cases there is first yawning, sighing breathing, ,then gasping, for want of It would obviously be impossible to attempt to deal sufficient oxygen in the tissues; in the other two the with all, nor do I propose to do so.Certain subjects respirations may bo hurried, but it is a sort of "busy" must be omitted entirely, and in each of the rest only a breathing, not gasping or yawning.Of course the bistory, few points can be taken; to one only, and that the last, if it can be obtained and is reliable, is of great help, but pex'haps a little more detail may be possible.at times like these one is often liable to be misled, not by Ixi.the--first place, it is possible to put on one side want of information, but by too much.
Themis, a T cell–specific protein important for late thymocyte development
Authors: Renaud Lesourne, Shoji Uehara, Jan Lee, Ki-Duk Song, LiQi Li, Julia Pinkhasov, Yongqing Zhang, Nan-Ping Weng, Kathryn F Wildt, Lie Wang, Remy Bosselut, Paul E Love
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
Association of Initial Antipsychotic Response to Clozapine and Long-Term Weight Gain
Authors: Ya Mei Bai, Chao-Cheng Lin, Jen-Yeu Chen, Chih-Yuan Lin, Tung-Ping Su, Pesus Chou
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether the initial antipsychotic response to clozapine is related to subsequent weight change. Method: This study was an 8-year retrospective chart review of 96 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Data on monthly weight change, initial clinical response, age, gender, clozapine dose, and concomitant use of mood stabilizers and other antipsychotics were analyzed. Results: Fifty-five (57.3%) of the patients received clozapine over the entire 8-year period; these subjects experienced an average weight gain of 11.7 kg (SD=1.6). Seventeen of these patients (30.9%) who had a significant initial clinical response (CGI improvement rating of 1 or 2 during the first 14 months) gained significantly more weight (13.8 kg [SD=8.4]) than did the 38 patients without a significant initial response (4.5 kg [SD=12.0]). Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant initial clinical response and lower baseline body mass index were associated with significantly more weight gain. Conclusions: The results show that initial antipsychotic response to clozapine is associated with subsequent long-term weight gain as measured over 8 years.
Pending resolution: the question of who owns DNA.
Authors: R Dahl
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

With the emergence of the Human Genome Project and its private counterparts, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has begun receiving applications for the patenting of genes and genetic sequences. Earlier patent decisions regarding similar scientific advances limited patents to organisms "made by the hand of man," which would seem to remove discovered genes from patent protection. But many applicants have been successful in attaining patents for genes based on their ability to demonstrate the ultimate utility of the gene, for instance in medicine. One controversy regarding genomic patenting, however, is that patents apparently have been granted for mere gene fragments devoid of much demonstrable utility. Furthermore, critics fear that gene patenting will retard research by squelching scientists' ability to share findings freely.
Screening for Colorectal Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Ned Calonge, Diana B. Petitti, Thomas G. DeWitt, Allen J. Dietrich, Kimberly D. Gregory, Russell Harris, George Isham, Michael L. LeFevre, Roseanne M. Leipzig, Carol Loveland-Cherry, Lucy N. Marion, Bernadette Melnyk, Virginia A. Moyer, Judith K. Ockene, George F. Sawaya, Barbara P. Yawn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Description: Update of the 2002 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening for colorectal cancer. Methods: To update its recommendation, the USPSTF commissioned 2 studies: 1) a targeted systematic evidence review on 4 selected questions relating to test characteristics and benefits and harms of screening technologies, and 2) a decision analytic modeling analysis using population modeling techniques to compare the expected health outcomes and resource requirements of available screening modalities when used in a programmatic way over time. Recommendations: The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer using fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy in adults, beginning at age 50 years and continuing until age 75 years. The risks and benefits of these screening methods vary. (A recommendation) The USPSTF recommends against routine screening for colorectal cancer in adults 76 to 85 years of age. There may be considerations that support colorectal cancer screening in an individual patient. (C recommendation) The USPSTF recommends against screening for colorectal cancer in adults older than age 85 years. (D recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to assess the benefits and harms of computed tomographic colonography and fecal DNA testing as screening modalities for colorectal cancer. (I statement)
Determination of numbers of lead-exposed U.S. children by areas of the United States: an integrated summary of a report to the U.S. Congress on childhood lead poisoning.
Authors: A F Crocetti, P Mushak, J Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

In response to Congressional mandate and under the aegis of the Federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), a comprehensive report to Congress on childhood lead poisoning in the United States was prepared. We have examined numbers of lead-exposed U.S. children by socioeconomic/demographic strata for children 0.5 to 5 years of age; by children in U.S. lead-screening programs; and by enumerations of children 0.5 to 5 years old in the oldest (i.e., highest paint lead and lead plumbing) housing. Using blood lead (PbB) prevalence projection modeling and data of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Surgery (NHANES II), it is estimated for 1984 that 2.4 million black and white children 0.5 to 5 years old in metropolitan U.S. had PbB levels greater than 15 micrograms/dL. For all races and the entire nation, we estimate 3 to 4 million children will have PbB levels greater than 15 micrograms/dL. Inner-city, low-income children have the highest prevalences of PbB levels above this criterion level, but sizable numbers of all strata of children have elevated PbB levels when considering both base populations and prevalences for the specific strata (total of 30 strata). Lead screening programs indicate much lower numbers of exposed children compared to NHANES II-based projections, for various reasons that allow programs to underestimate true prevalences. Analysis of 1980 U.S. Census Bureau housing data for 318 standard metropolitan statistical areas show that 4.4 million children 0.5 to 5 years old live in the oldest U.S. housing (pre-1950). Of these, most are actually in the more affluent socioeconomic strata.
Immunohistochemical expression of Pit-1 protein in human pituitary adenomas
Authors: Kenichi Inada, Koji Oda, Hirotoshi Utsunomiya, Naoko Sanno, Johbu Itoh, R. Yoshiyuki Osamura, Jeffrey W. Voss, Michael G. Rosenfeld
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1993)
Video Feedback in Treating Hyperkinetic Children: A Preliminary Report
Authors: SEYMOUR FURMAN, ANNE FEIGHNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The authors added sessions of videotape feedback to a treatment program for hyperkinetic children that originally also employed chemotherapy and parental group counseling. Parent-child interactions were videotaped and immediately replayed to the parents and therapists alone. During these sessions, the parents, who acted as surrogate therapists, pinpointed problem behaviors in themselves or in the child that needed work. Not only were the parents receptive, but the results in correcting socially maladaptive patterns in the children were dramatic. The authors present three case reports to illustrate their success.
Using Observational Data to Estimate Treatment Effects
Authors: Therese A. Stukel, Elliott S. Fisher, David E. Wennberg
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A genome-wide association study for diabetic nephropathy genes in African Americans
Authors: Caitrin W. McDonough, Nicholette D. Palmer, Pamela J. Hicks, Bong H. Roh, S Sandy An, Jessica N. Cooke, Jessica M. Hester, Maria R. Wing, Meredith A. Bostrom, Megan E. Rudock, Joshua P. Lewis, Matthew E. Talbert, Rebecca A. Blevins, Lingyi Lu, Maggie C Y Ng, Michele M. Sale, Jasmin Divers, Carl D. Langefeld, Barry I. Freedman, Donald W. Bowden
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
The Problem of Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Maxwell M. Wintrobe
Journal: JAMA (1966)

There are a number of areas in which the American Medical Association has worked positively and consistently for many years in the public interest. One such area is in the field of drugs. Through its Council on Drugs, the AMA has exercised leadership and sought to protect the public in a way that I think is not very well known to physicians, let alone the public. More than ten years ago when some of us became concerned about what seemed to be an increasing incidence of aplastic anemia, it was agreed that means should be found to explore the possible cause or causes of this condition. The AMA promptly took action in this direction and gave support by forming the Committee on Blood Dyscrasias under the auspices of the Council on Drugs. That committee began by collecting information about various drug-associated blood dyscrasias that were occurring throughout the country. In
<i>Seizure 6-Like</i> (<i>SEZ6L</i>) Gene and Risk for Lung Cancer
Authors: Ivan P. Gorlov, Peter Meyer, Triantafillos Liloglou, Jonathan Myles, Melanie Barbara Boettger, Adrian Cassidy, Luc Girard, John D. Minna, Reiner Fischer, Stephen Duffy, Margaret R. Spitz, Karl Haeussinger, Stefan Kammerer, Charles Cantor, Rainer Dierkesmann, John K. Field, Christopher I. Amos
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract DNA pooling in combination with high-throughput sequencing was done as a part of the Sequenom-Genefinder project. In the pilot study, we tested 83,715 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), located primarily in gene-based regions, to identify polymorphic susceptibility variants for lung cancer. For this pilot study, 369 male cases and 287 controls of both sexes (white Europeans of Southern German origin) were analyzed. The study identified a candidate region in 22q12.2 that contained numerous SNPs showing significant case-control differences and that coincides with a region that was shown previously to be frequently deleted in lung cancer cell lines. The candidate region overlies the seizure 6-like (SEZ6L) gene. The pilot study identified a polymorphic Met430Ile substitution in the SEZ6L gene (SNP rs663048) as the top candidate for a variant modulating risk of lung cancer. Two replication studies were conducted to assess the association of SNP rs663048 with lung cancer risk. The M. D. Anderson Cancer Center study included 289 cases and 291 controls matched for gender, age, and smoking status. The Liverpool Lung Project (a United Kingdom study) included 248 cases and 233 controls. Both replication studies showed an association of the rs663048 with lung cancer risk. The homozygotes for the variant allele had more than a 3-fold risk compared with the wild-type homozygotes [combined odds ratio (OR), 3.32; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.81–7.21]. Heterozygotes also had a significantly elevated risk of lung cancer from the combined replication studies with an OR of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.04–1.59). The effect remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, and pack-years of tobacco smoke. We also compared expression of SEZ6L in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (n = 7), non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; n = 52), and small cell lung cancer (SCLC; n = 22) cell lines by using Affymetrix HG-U133A and HG-U133B GeneChips. We found that the average expression level of SEZ6L in NSCLC cell lines was almost two times higher and in SCLC cell lines more than six times higher when compared with normal lung epithelial cell lines. Using the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found a ∼2-fold elevated and statistically significant (P = 0.004) level of SEZ6L expression in tumor samples compared with normal lung tissues. In conclusion, the results of these studies representing 906 cases compared with 811 controls indicate a role of the SEZ6L Met430Ile polymorphic variant in increasing lung cancer risk. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):8406–11]
Eliminating Healthcare Disparities in America: Beyond the IOM Report
Authors: Ashwini R. Sehgal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Medical Writings: Book Notes17 June 2008Eliminating Healthcare Disparities in America: Beyond the IOM ReportAshwini R. Sehgal, MDAshwini R. Sehgal, MDFrom MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Eliminating Healthcare Disparities in America: Beyond the IOM ReportWilliams RA. 398 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 2007. $59.50. ISBN 9781934115428. Order at www.springer.com/humana.Field of medicine: All specialties and health policy.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Anyone interested in understanding and addressing disparities in health care.Purpose: To build on the findings of the Institute of Medicine's report on health care disparities and review approaches to eliminate disparity.Content: The first section of this book describes the causes of health care disparity and includes historical and epidemiologic perspectives. The second section reviews current problems and includes chapters on racial politics, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ashwini R. Sehgal, MDAffiliations: From MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 June 2008Volume 148, Issue 12 Page: 972 Keywords Epidemiology Health care Health disparities Health economics Health information technology Population statistics Prevention, policy, and public health Quality improvement Racial and ethnic discrimination Software tools ePublished: 17 June 2008 Issue Published: 17 June 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Routine Sterile Gloving and Contamination Rates in Blood Culture
Authors: Shelley Gordon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters2 August 2011Routine Sterile Gloving and Contamination Rates in Blood CultureShelley Gordon, PhDShelley Gordon, PhDFrom California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94143.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Kim and colleagues (1) report a 50% reduction in the rate of contamination of sterile blood culture due to routine use of sterile gloving. However, a factor that they did not take into account was adherence to handwashing. In a setting where adherence to handwashing is poor, the use of sterile gloves may provide a benefit; however, good adherence to handwashing may provide the same benefit at lower cost. Any attempt to validate this finding should take handwashing adherence into account by direct observation.Shelley Gordon, PhDCalifornia Pacific Medical CenterSan Francisco, CA 94143Reference1. Kim NH, Kim M, Lee S, Yun NR, Kim KH, Park SW, et al. Effect of routine sterile gloving on contamination rates in blood culture. A cluster randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:145-51. [PMID: 21282693] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94143.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffect of Routine Sterile Gloving on Contamination Rates in Blood Culture Nak-Hyun Kim , Moonsuk Kim , Shinwon Lee , Na Ra Yun , Kye-Hyung Kim , Sang Won Park , Hong Bin Kim , Nam-Joong Kim , Eui-Chong Kim , Wan Beom Park , and Myoung-don Oh Routine Sterile Gloving and Contamination Rates in Blood Culture Wan Beom Park , Nak-Hyun Kim , and Myoung-don Oh Metrics 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3Page: 203KeywordsBloodConflicts of interest ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SNVDis: A Proteome-Wide Analysis Service for Evaluating nsSNVs in Protein Functional Sites and Pathways
Authors: Konstantinos Karagiannis, Vahan Simonyan, Raja Mazumder
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract Amino acid changes due to non-synonymous variation are included as annotations for individual proteins in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and RefSeq which present biological data in a protein- or gene-centric fashion. Unfortunately, proteome-wide analysis of non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) is not easy to perform because information on nsSNVs and functionally important sites are not well integrated both within and between databases and their search engines. We have developed SNVDis that allows evaluation of proteome-wide nsSNV distribution in functional sites, domains and pathways. More specifically, we have integrated human-specific data from major variation databases (UniProtKB, dbSNP and COSMIC), comprehensive sequence feature annotation from UniProtKB, Pfam, RefSeq, Conserved Domain Database (CDD) and pathway information from Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) and mapped all of them in a uniform and comprehensive way to the human reference proteome provided by UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. Integrated information of active sites, pathways, binding sites, domains, which are extracted from a number of different sources, provides a detailed overview of how nsSNVs are distributed over the human proteome and pathways and how they intersect with functional sites of proteins. Additionally, it is possible to find out whether there is an over- or under-representation of nsSNVs in specific domains, pathways or user-defined protein lists. The underlying datasets are updated once every 3 months. SNVDis is freely available at http://hive.biochemistry.gwu.edu/tool/snvdis.