tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival versus Prognosis in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Lauris C. Kaldjian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters5 October 2004Survival versus Prognosis in Alzheimer DiseaseLauris C. Kaldjian, MDLauris C. Kaldjian, MDFrom University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-7-200410050-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Larson and colleagues (1) concluded that Alzheimer disease significantly reduces survival. They suggested that a clinical evaluation can detect “features associated with prognosis for survival,” and an accompanying editorial (2) also emphasized prognostic implications. Larson and colleagues' reference to prognosis is juxtaposed with their acknowledgment that they have no reliable data on causes of death in their study sample. Prognosis refers to the “foretelling of the probable course of a disease” (3). In the context of Alzheimer disease, the contrast between “survival” and “prognosis” may be significant. Progressive neurodegeneration requires ongoing decisions about life-sustaining therapies (4, 5). ...References1. Larson EB, Shadlen MF, Wang L, McCormick WC, Bowen JD, Teri L, et al . Survival after initial diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:501-9. [PMID: 15068977] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Covinsky KE, Yaffe K. Dementia, prognosis, and the needs of patients and caregivers [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:573-4. [PMID: 15068987] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Stedman's Medical Dictionary. 24th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1982:1145. Google Scholar4. Hurley AC, Volicer L. Alzheimer Disease: “It's okay, Mama, if you want to go, it's okay”. JAMA. 2002;288:2324-31. [PMID: 12425711] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Kaldjian LS. Is tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia ever useful? Advanced Studies in Medicine. 2003;3:584-5. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSurvival after Initial Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease Eric B. Larson , Marie-Florence Shadlen , Li Wang , Wayne C. McCormick , James D. Bowen , Linda Teri , and Walter A. Kukull Dementia, Prognosis, and the Needs of Patients and Caregivers Kenneth E. Covinsky and Kristine Yaffe Survival versus Prognosis in Alzheimer Disease Eric B. Larson , James D. Bowen , and Wayne C. McCormick Metrics 5 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 7Page: 575KeywordsAlzheimer diseaseAntibioticsGastroenterology and hepatologyNatural history of diseaseResearch designResuscitation ePublished: 5 October 2004 Issue Published: 5 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Suppression of menstruation. A hygienic measure in the care of mentally retarded patients
Authors: L. Shropshire
Journal: JAMA (1967)

THE PURPOSE of this report is to outline a safe and efficient method of suppressing menstruation as a hygienic measure in the care of mentally retarded patients. In hospitals for the mentally retarded, menstruation can give rise to difficult problems, particularly in the care of severely or profoundly retarded patients. There are those who will not wear any type of sanitary protection, those who misuse soiled napkins and tampons, and those with unusually heavy flow.  With the advent of the newer 19-nor-progestogens, complete suppression of ovulation and menstruation by medical means became practical and safe. In his work on endometriosis, Kistner1-5has proven that a state of pseudopregnancy can be maintained for long periods without deleterious effects. The safety of these drugs has also been well substantiated by other investigators.6,7  Program  A program of menstrual suppression was started at this hospital in August 1963, using norethynodrel with mestranol
Autoimmune N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a differential diagnosis of infectious encephalitis
Authors: Laure Thomas, Alexandra Mailles, Virginie Desestret, François Ducray, Elodie Mathias, Veronique Rogemond, Adrien Didelot, Stéphanie Marignier, Jean-Paul Stahl, Jerome Honnorat
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Mr. H. B. Lee, FRCS
Authors: D. S. Tunstall Pedoe
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1985)

to the same vessel can lead from initial vascular spasm to thrombosis.Such vascular trauma, although rare, has been reported (Buckhout andWarner, 1980 andLowrey et al, 1976).Our patient who was in an excellent state of health had repeated falls in water on the abducted right arm.This happened whilst wind-surfing.This led to direct trauma to the axillary artery with subsequent thrombosis.On the basis of the arteriographic findings an arteriotomy with thrombectomy was performed.This led to early, uneventful recovery and early return to sports.Kostianen and Orava, 1982 reported that the thrombosed arteries recanalised in 8 weeks (in two patients out of three), with vasodilator drugs and avoidance of sports.If the arteries fail to recanalise spontaneously then the sports- man will have a limb with compromised circulation which will not sustain strenuous activity.Moreover the delay may lead to permanent tissue changes.An aggressive attitude in such cases is indicated and justified.
Essential Infectious Disease Topics for Primary Care
Authors: Carlos Franco-Paredes
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interaction of Insulin and Exercise on Glucose Transport in Muscle
Authors: Kenneth J Rodnick, Robert C Piper, Jan W Slot, David E James
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Glucose transport is the rate-limiting step for glucose utilization in muscle. In muscle and adipose tissue, glucose transport is acutely regulated by such factors as insulin and exercise. Translocation of glucose transporters (GLUT4) from an intracellular domain to the cell surface is the major mechanism for this regulation. Using immunocytochemistry, the intracellular distribution of GLUT4 under resting conditions is similar in adipocytes and myocytes. GLUT4 is concentrated in tubulovesicular structures either in the trans-Golgi region or in the cytosol, often close to the cell surface but not on the cell surface. After stimulation, cell surface GLUT4 labeling is increased by as much as 40-fold. GLUT4 is chronically regulated by altered gene expression. Neural and/or contractile activity regulates GLUT4 expression in muscle: 1) GLUT4 levels differ among muscles of different fiber type; 2) GLUT4 levels in muscle are increased with exercise training and decreased with denervation; and 3) cultured muscle cells, which lack an intact nerve supply, express very low levels of GLUT4. GLUT4 expression appears to be regulated in parallel with many oxidative enzymes in muscle, suggesting that there may be a unified developmental program that determines the overall metabolic properties of a particular muscle. Preliminary evidence suggests that impaired GLUT4 expression in muscle is not the primary defect associated with insulin resistance. Nevertheless, it is conceivable that the adaptive increase in muscle GLUT4 that is found with exercise training may have beneficial effects in insulin-resistant states such as non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
Direct Effects of Type I Interferons on Cells of the Immune System
Authors: Sandra Hervas-Stubbs, Jose Luis Perez-Gracia, Ana Rouzaut, Miguel F. Sanmamed, Agnes Le Bon, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are well-known inducers of tumor cell apoptosis and antiangiogenesis via signaling through a common receptor interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR). IFNAR induces the Janus activated kinase-signal transducer and activation of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in most cells, along with other biochemical pathways that may differentially operate, depending on the responding cell subset, and jointly control a large collection of genes. IFNs-I were found to systemically activate natural killer (NK) cell activity. Recently, mouse experiments have shown that IFNs-I directly activate other cells of the immune system, such as antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) and CD4 and CD8 T cells. Signaling through the IFNAR in T cells is critical for the acquisition of effector functions. Cross-talk between IFNAR and the pathways turned on by other surface lymphocyte receptors has been described. Importantly, IFNs-I also increase antigen presentation of the tumor cells to be recognized by T lymphocytes. These IFN-driven immunostimulatory pathways offer opportunities to devise combinatorial immunotherapy strategies.
Subungual corn: a tender pigmented subungual lesion in older people
Authors: D.A.R. de Berker, C. Wlodek, I.R. Bristow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Subungual corn: a tender pigmented subungual lesion in older people Get access D.A.R. de Berker, D.A.R. de Berker Bristol Dermatology Centre Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS6 7EL U.K Correspondence David de Berker. E‐mail: david.deberker@uhbristol.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Wlodek, C. Wlodek Bristol Dermatology Centre Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS6 7EL U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.R. Bristow I.R. Bristow School of Health Sciences University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 1, 1 July 2014, Pages 69–72, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12858 Published: 01 July 2014
Double‐blind comparison of the protective effect of sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen on exercise‐induced asthma in adults
Authors: W. C. Tan, T. K. Lim
Journal: Allergy (1987)

In a double‐blind double‐placebo study 10 asthmatics exercised on a treadmill after treatment for 1 week with placebo, or ketotifen 1 mg twice daily, or SCG 10 mg four times daily. The post‐exercise percentage fall in FEV 1 after SCG but not after ketotifen was significantly smaller than after placebo. A 1‐week treatment with SCG but not ketotifen protected against EIA.
The Dendritic Cell Receptor Clec9A Binds Damaged Cells via Exposed Actin Filaments
Authors: Jian-Guo Zhang, Peter E. Czabotar, Antonia N. Policheni, Irina Caminschi, Soo San Wan, Susie Kitsoulis, Kirsteen M. Tullett, Adeline Y. Robin, Rajini Brammananth, Mark F. van Delft, Jinhua Lu, Lorraine A. O'Reilly, Emma C. Josefsson, Benjamin T. Kile, Wei Jin Chin, Justine D. Mintern, Maya A. Olshina, Wilson Wong, Jake Baum, Mark D. Wright, David C.S. Huang, Narla Mohandas, Ross L. Coppel, Peter M. Colman, Nicos A. Nicola, Ken Shortman, Mireille H. Lahoud
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Long-term treatment of acromegaly with bromocriptine.
Authors: J A Wass, M O Thorner, D V Morris, L H Rees, A S Mason, A E Jones, G M Besser
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Seventy-three patients with active acromegaly were treated for three to 25 months with bromocriptine 10-60 mg/day. Seventy-one patients showed symptomatic and objective clinical improvement. This included reduction in excessive sweating, hand and foot size, and the number of headaches; improved facial appearance; and increased energy and libido. Abnormal visual fields became normal in two patients, one of whom had concomitant radiotherapy. Mean circulating growth hormone levels, obtained by averaging serial samples through the day, fell by more than 7 microng/l or became undetectable in 58 patients (79%) but did not reach normal values: only 15 patients had mean levels on treatment of 5 microng/l or less. Twenty-three patients were diabetic before treatment, and glucose tolerance became normal in 15 and improved in a further five. Provided the drug was started slowly side effects were minor when compared with the considerable clinical benefit obtained.
Robotic modeling of mobile ball-catching as a tool for understanding biological interceptive behavior
Authors: Thomas Sugar, Michael McBeath
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

We support Webb's insights into the potential benefits of using robotic modeling to better understand biological behavior. We defend the major points put forward by Webb by presenting a specific case study in which robotic modeling of mobile ball catching has helped refine and clarify aspects of our understanding of biological interceptive behavior.
Mechanisms of acquired thymic tolerance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: thymic dendritic-enriched cells induce specific peripheral T cell unresponsiveness in vivo.
Authors: S J Khoury, L Gallon, W Chen, K Betres, M E Russell, W W Hancock, C B Carpenter, M H Sayegh, H L Weiner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental model for the study of multiple sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that can be induced in a number of species by immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP). MBP-reactive CD4+ T cells, predominantly expressing the V beta 8.2 T cell receptor (TCR), migrate from the peripheral lymphoid organs and initiate the inflammatory response in the brain. We have previously shown that a single intrathymic injection of MBP or its major encephalitogenic peptide (p71-90), but not a nonencephalitogenic peptide (p21-40), induces antigen-specific systemic tolerance and inhibits the induction of EAE in Lewis rats. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of induction and maintenance of acquired thymic tolerance in this model. First, we investigated which thymic cell is responsible for "induction" of systemic tolerance. Thymic dendritic-enriched cells, isolated by plastic adherence, when incubated in vitro with p71-90 and injected intravenously into Lewis rats, were capable of preventing the development of EAE, but his protection was lost in thymectomized recipients. In addition, intravenous injection of thymic dendritic cells isolated from animals that had been previously injected intrathymically with p71-90 but not p21-40 also prevented the development of EAE. Second, to determine the "effector" mechanisms involved in acquired thymic tolerance, we compared TCR expression in the brains of animals with actively induced EAE with TCR expression in animals that received intrathymic injection of p71-90 or p21-40. Using a semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique, we found increased expression of CD4 and V beta 8.2 message in brains of immunized animals compared with those of naive animals. In animals intrathymically injected with p71-90 but not p21-40, CD4 and V beta 8.2 transcript levels were significantly reduced compared with immunized controls. Immunohistologic studies of brain tissue and spleens with specific V beta 8.2 and control V beta 10 monoclonal antibodies confirmed these observations in vivo. These findings, taken together with recent data demonstrating that activated T cells circulate through the thymus, suggest that interaction of thymic dendritic cells with specific TCR of activated peripheral T cells can lead to inactivation of these antigen-specific cells and confirm the role of V beta 8.2-expressing T cells in EAE.
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore and postconditioning
Authors: O GATEAUROESCH, L ARGAUD, M OVIZE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Postconditioning has recently been described as a powerful cardioprotection that prevents lethal reperfusion injury. Growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial permeability transition may be a key event in postconditioning. This proposition arises from the complementary observations that: (1) conditions for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening are built up during early reperfusion, (2) mPTP opens at the time of reperfusion, (3) transgenic structural alteration of mPTP modifies its opening probability following ischemia–reperfusion, (4) mPTP plays a role in preconditioning, and (5) postconditioning attenuates lethal reperfusion injury. We review in this article current evidence for an important role of the mitochondrial transition pore in postconditioning.
How technology can help rehabilitation
Authors: R G S Platts, K Andrews
Journal: BMJ (1994)

coordinator should liaise with local coordinators to ensure that the assessment for and prescription of an environ- mental control system are not undertaken in isolation from the assessment of the broader needs of the disabled person.Medical assessors should be better trained about environmental control systems and have a background in rehabilitation medicine.Local health professionals, including those in social services departments, should be more aware of the scope and availability of environmental controls; and other professionals, including bioengineers, should be encouraged to participate in the assessment process.Involvement of users in the provision of local services should be a priority at all times.The next few years will probably see major developments in technology that will increasingly allow people with severe disabilities both to remain at home and to work from home with less dependence on carers.We must make sure that changes in the NHS encourage rather than stifle such innovation.
More openness needed in palliative care
Authors: J. Corner
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Annie Lindsell's request for a peaceful end to her life has filled many inches of newsprint in the last few weeks. Jessica Corner asks why there is still an element of fudge surrounding such cases. 

See p 1178

Annie Lindsell, dying of motor neurone disease, this week withdrew her case at the High Court before any ruling was made, because her general practitioner agreed to her request for diamorphine. The papers subsequently declared a victory for Lindsell.

The Sun 's headline “I won right to die,” however, is not reflected in the reporting of her case. Lindsell, we read, “wanted the peace of knowing I could have an injection and that would be the end.” Instead, her general practitioner expects to give her 5 mg of diamorphine every 4–6 hours to …
Worrisome Thoughts About the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Brugada Waves and the Brugada Syndrome
Authors: Joon Ahn, J. Willis Hurst
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The Brugadas have made a significant contribution to medicine. Their discovery of a new clinical syndrome and ECG abnormalities has created a great deal of interest and has opened Pandora's box. Here, we discuss some worrisome thoughts about the condition. We stress the need for improved diagnostic criteria and treatment because it is not always possible to perform coronary arteriography, electrophysiological studies, right ventricular myocardial biopsy, and MRI in all patients in whom ST-segment abnormalities are seen in the ECG, especially in patients who are asymptomatic. Accordingly, further research is needed to guide the clinician in the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of patients who have unusual ST segments in leads V1 and V3. We present a patient who illustrates the problem.
Immuno-imaging and -therapy in ovarian cancer and sarcoma with de novo single-chain fv-fc fusion protein targeting TEM1/CD248
Authors: Chunsheng Li, Junying Wang, Efthymia Iliana Matthaiou, Yi Guo, Jia Hu, Ann Marie Chacko, Vladimir R Muzykantov, George Coukos
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Tumor Endothelial Marker 1 (TEM1 or CD248) has been identified as a microvascular marker of tumor angiogenesis in various human cancers. By comparing the vasculature of ovarian cancer and normal ovary, we and others [[1][1]] identified that TEM1 is overexpressed in tumor
Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Regulation of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine receptor affinity and function on human neutrophils.
Authors: Y H Atkinson, W A Marasco, A F Lopez, M A Vadas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Preincubation of neutrophils with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rH TNF-alpha) enhanced the subsequent release of superoxide anion in response to various concentrations of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP). Enhanced superoxide anion production was evident by 5 min and had reached a plateau by 15 min. Not only was the total amount of superoxide anion released greater, but the rate of release was also enhanced threefold by rH TNF-alpha. In contrast, rH TNF-alpha reduced or abolished neutrophil locomotion under agarose in response to a gradient of FMLP. Binding studies of f-Met-Leu-[3H]Phe to purified human neutrophils revealed a heterogeneous binding to unstimulated cells. The high affinity component consisted of approximately 2,000 sites per cell and had an average Kd of 2 +/- 0.7 nM (n = 4). The low affinity component consisted of approximately 40,000 sites per cell and had an average Kd of 180 +/- 50 nM (n = 4). rH TNF-alpha caused conversion to a linear Scatchard plot showing no significant change in total binding sites but a single Kd of 40 +/- 10 nM (n = 4). These data indicate that rH TNF-alpha may influence neutrophil responses to FMLP by regulating the affinity of FMLP receptors.
Gynecology and Obstetrics: The Health Care of Women
Authors: Edwin M. Gold
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This second edition of<i>Gynecology and Obstetrics: The Health Care of Women</i>is a massive volume that presents a comprehensive approach to the health care of women from infancy through the later years. Taking an overview that stresses principles of diagnosis and therapy rather than specifics, the text is obviously designed primarily for students and physicians in training. This volume is presented in five parts: "Care of Women," "Mechanisms," "Approach to the Patient," "Manifestations of Disease," and "Specific Problems." Combining the comprehensive approach to integrated obstetrics and gynecology, these parts address, respectively, the multidisciplinary approach to behavioral, political, economic, bioethical, and legal aspects of women's health care; the etiologic and pathophysiological bases of reproductive genetics, endocrinology, maternal and fetal medicine, nutrition, infection, neoplasia, and psychosomatic mechanisms; patient evaluation from fetus and newborn through infancy and childhood, adolescence, and premenopause and postmenopause; a problemoriented approach to signs and symptoms as they