tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 70 year old woman with chest pain after a stressful event
Authors: N. Dagres, A. Triantafyllis, M. Anastasiou-Nana
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 70 year old woman was referred to the emergency department from a remote healthcare facility for chest pain of sudden onset after seeing her garden on fire. The pain, which lasted for 15-20 minutes, was severe, sharp, radiating to the neck, and accompanied by nausea. Her medical history included dyslipidaemia and she had a family history of coronary artery disease. She arrived at the emergency department about 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. She was haemodynamically stable, with a blood pressure of 140/60 mm Hg, a heart rate of 75 beats/min in sinus rhythm, and an oxygen saturation on room air of 99%. Physical examination and body temperature were normal. The 12 lead resting electrocardiogram showed negative T waves in leads I, II, aVL, and the precordial leads V2 to V6 (fig 1⇓). Chest radiography including the cardiothoracic ratio was normal. Initial blood tests showed mildly raised troponin concentrations (157 pg/mL; normal value <14;), whereas other routine test results, including inflammatory markers, were normal (C reactive protein 4.2 mg/L, white blood cell count 8.49×109). Fig 1 Resting 12 lead electrocardiogram at admission about 24 hours after symptom onset showing repolarisation abnormalities and negative T waves in several leads The echocardiogram showed a moderately impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (40%) with segmental wall motion abnormalities: she had apical and midventricular hypokinesia of the left ventricle, whereas the basal segments were hyperkinetic. She underwent cardiac catheterisation with the working diagnosis of a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography showed unobstructed coronary arteries, whereas left ventriculography showed apical akinesia (fig 2⇓). Fig 2 Left ventriculography in right anterior oblique 30° projection at diastole (A) and systole (B). Apical ballooning is evident, with apical akinesia and hypercontractility of the basal segments
GW25-e0091 Effects of Cardiac Stem Cells Transplantation on the Ventricular Fibrillation Threshold in Rats with Myocardial Infarction in Short-Term, Medium-Term and Long-Term Period
Authors: Zheng Shaoxin, Wang Tong, Chen Jian, Liang Peifen, Fang Yanling, Huang Hui, Wu Wei, Wang Jingfeng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
130 CONSTRUCTION OF A RISK INDEX FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: R. Tateishi, Haruhiko Yoshida, S. Shiina, Y. Matsuyama, Hideo Yoshida, R. Masuzaki, T. Sato, E. Goto, J. Imamura, Y. Kondo, T. Goto, F. Kanai, N. Kato, M. Omata
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Accounts of Equatorial Africa
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2012)

During the 1920s, Gabrielle M Vassal (1880-1959) had something of a reputation as a travel writer but is now almost entirely forgotten. She was also a big game hunter and naturalist (a strange combination to modern ears) and had a species of monkey, the yellow cheeked crested gibbon Nomascus gabriellae , named for her.

Mrs Vassal, who was English, was married to a French colonial doctor, Joseph Vassal (1867-1957), who had written a book recounting his experiences as a doctor in the Balkan theatre of the first world war, and had been an associate of such great figures as Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, discoverer of the malarial parasite; Alexandre Yersin, discoverer of the plague bacillus; and Albert Calmette, who developed the Bacillus …
PWE-092 Psychosocial Impact of Food and Nutrition in People with IBD: A Qualitative Study
Authors: L D Hughes, J O Lindsay, M C Lomer, S Ayis, L King, M Morgan, K Whelan
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Food and eating can be a source of pleasure, means of social interaction and peer acceptance. Having Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) may alter these psychosocial factors because of painful or embarrassing symptoms and/or undernutrition resulting in activity limitation. However, little is currently known about the impact of IBD on the psychosocial factors of food and quality of life. This study aimed to determine patients’ experiences of the social and psychological impacts of food on people with IBD. <h3>Methods</h3> Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 28 patients regarding their experiences of food and eating in relation to their IBD. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Concepts were labelled through line by line coding using a constant comparative approach based on grounded theory <h3>Results</h3> Mean age and BMI were 36.9 years and 23.1, respectively, 46% were men, 57% had Crohn’s Disease (CD) and 29% had had IBD-related surgery. Median (range) disease duration was 6.5 years (1–40). Emerging themes were: (1)Trigger foods “I’m not sure what flares up my IBD”; (2)Family &amp; friends “I don’t have meals with my friends”; (3)Eating in restaurants “Going to restaurants is really difficult because of my IBD”; (4)Toilet issues “I have to go to the toilet whenever I eat” and “I eat less so I have to go to the toilet less”; (5)Practicalities of cooking &amp; shopping “Cooking different meals for my IBD upsets me” and “It takes longer to shop for food because I read the labels ”; and (6) Emotions connected with eating “I’m hard on myself when it comes to coping with eating &amp; drinking” and “I don’t want to be the one that kills the fun for everyone.” Feelings of embarrassment, guilt, burden and disappointment around eating were evident for many patients. There were also positive comments around control, adaptive eating and knowledge and support for patients who have developed a successful eating regimen <h3>Conclusion</h3> The interviews identified psychosocial issues relating to food and drink for IBD patients whilst their disease was active. However, patients, (especially CD) experienced issues that impacted on their daily eating and drinking as well as social relationships because of self-imposed dietary restraints even during quiescence. The problems and strategies used by patients, particularly during remission, were not known and highlight important areas to be targeted to improve quality of life. Further work is planned to develop a food-related quality of life questionnaire that can be used in the clinical and research setting <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Comparison of the Metabolic Response to a Glucose Tolerance Test and a Standardized Test Meal and the Response to Serial Test Meals in Normal Healthy Subjects
Authors: D R Owens, K G Wragg, P I Briggs, S Luzio, G Kimber, C Davies
Journal: Diabetes Care (1979)

The plasma glucose and insulin response to a standardized meal test breakfast was compared with the time-honored glucose tolerance test in the same normal healthy subjects. The amplitude of glycemic excursion and between-subject variation was less with the more physiologic standardized test meal than with that seen with the glucose tolerance test. The glucose tolerance test's prime function is to amplify any glucose intolerance, thus aiding diagnosis, whereas a standardized meal gives a more clinically relevant metabolic status. The administration of serial test meals during the same day in a smaller group of normal subjects indicated, as seen previously with repeated glucose tolerance tests, a diminishing carbohydrate tolerance during the day.
A novel MYD88 mutation, L265RPP, in Waldenström macroglobulinemia activates the NF-κB pathway to upregulate Bcl-xL expression and enhances cell survival
Authors: T Nagao, G Oshikawa, S Ishida, H Akiyama, Y Umezawa, A Nogami, T Kurosu, O Miura
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

A novel MYD88 mutation, L265RPP, in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia activates the NF-κB pathway to upregulate Bcl-xL expression and enhances cell survival
The course of the conduction system in dextrocardia.
Authors: S Bharati, M Lev
Journal: Circulation (1978)

This is a serial section examination of the conduction system of five hearts of various types of dextrocardia. In one case of dextroversion the conduction system was found to be normal. In one case of mirror-image dextrocardia the conduction system was normal but in the opposite spatial position. In one heart of mixed (discordant) dextrocardia, the sinoatrial node was in correct morphologic position. There were two atrioventricular nodes - a posterior node close to the coronary sinus and an anterior node in the roof of the morphologic right atrium. They formed two separate bundles which joined in the left ventricle to form a "sling". In two cases of presumptive mirror-image dextrocardia, with a common atrium in situs inversus according to the morphology of the atrial appendages, with common atrioventricular orifice (CAVO), the sinoatrial node was situated in wrong positions. Two atrioventricular nodes and bundles again formed a sling. There are various types of slings in discordant dextrocardia.
Infection of Human Airway Epithelia with H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2 Influenza A Virus Strains
Authors: Vladimir A. Slepushkin, Patrick D. Staber, Guoshun Wang, Paul B. McCray, Beverly L. Davidson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Three subtypes of influenza A virus cause human disease: H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2. Although all result in respiratory illness, little is known about how these subtypes infect differentiated airway epithelia. Therefore, we assayed A/PR/8/34 (H1N1), A/Japan/305/57 (H2N2), and X31 (H3N2) influenza virus strains for binding and infection on fully differentiated primary cultures of airway epithelia isolated from human bronchus, grown on semiporous filters at an air–liquid interface. In this model system, viral infectivity was highest when virus was applied to the apical versus the basolateral surface; Japan was most infectious, followed by PR8. The X31 strain showed very low levels of infectivity. Confocal microscopy and fluorescence-resonance energy transfer studies indicated that Japan virus could enter and fuse with cellular membranes, while infection with X31 virions was greatly inhibited. Japan virus could also productively infect human trachea explant tissues. These data show that influenza viruses with SAα2,3Gal binding specificity, like Japan, productively infect differentiated human airway epithelia from the apical surface. These data are important to consider in the development of pseudotyped recombinant viral vectors for gene transfer to human airway epithelia for gene therapy.
Use of a long acting somatostatin analogue in controlling life threatening ileostomy diarrhoea.
Authors: N S Williams, J C Cooper, A T Axon, R F King, M Barker
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A woman presented with persistent ileostomy diarrhoea unresponsive to conventional drug treatment and necessitating parenteral nutrition. Output was four to six litres of watery fluid per 24 hours while she was receiving oral nutrition and two to three litres when she was starved. Treatment with a long acting analogue of somatostatin (50 micrograms subcutaneously every 12 hours) reduced the ileostomy output to 2.0-2.5 litres/24 hours with an oral diet and the effluent became semiformed. Parenteral fluids could be stopped. Somatostatin may have a role in the treatment of secretory diarrhoea, but prospective controlled trials are necessary.
The Continuing Contribution of Gene Marking to Cell and Gene Therapy
Authors: Siok-Keen Tey, Malcolm K Brenner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Gene-marking studies were the first gene-transfer protocols approved for human use. Their intent was not directly therapeutic but rather to track the behavior and fate of cells in vivo, and to use this information to improve treatment protocols. For more than fifteen years, gene-marking studies using retroviral vectors have provided invaluable information about the biology of human hematopoietic cells and T lymphocytes, and have helped guide cell therapies intended to treat malignant disease. Although the safety record of marking studies has been impeccable, the development of leukemia by immunodeficient children treated with retroviral vectors cast a pall over the entire field and essentially brought the era of pure gene-marking studies to an abrupt end. Paradoxically, the impetus these events gave to studying retroviral integration sites in host cell DNA emphasized the additional information that marker studies could provide about the behavior of cells at the clonal level. As confidence has slowly returned, marker studies have reappeared, usually as components of gene therapy protocols in which a marker gene or sequence is incorporated to allow the modified cells to be tracked or imaged in vivo. Hence, gene marking continues to have much to offer in terms of our understanding of the behavior, fate, and safety of gene-modified cells in vivo.
PROLAPSE OF THE FEMALE PELVIC ORGANS.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: HENRY PARKER NEWMAN
Journal: JAMA (1893)

It is my desire to call attention, briefly, to prolapse of the female genital organs, with particular reference to their hernial nature; regarding them as having a similar etiology, and the same pathological significance as herniæ in other situations, and amenable to analogous lines of treatment. The classic division of herniæ into cephalic, thoracic and abdominal is incomplete without the important group comprised in the title of this paper; and, in view of their frequency and importance, they should enjoy an individual classification in herniology. For accuracy and convenience, we would designate four major classes; cephalic, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic herniæ. The etiology of these affections, in general, comprises such predisposing and exciting causes as defective development, including congenital malformations and inherited tendencies; depraved muscular tone through debilitating disease, and trauma. While the majority of cases are generally attributed to traumatism, this may often in itself be the result of
Vandetanib in locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial
Authors: Sophie Leboulleux, Lars Bastholt, Thomas Krause, Christelle de la Fouchardiere, Jan Tennvall, Ahmad Awada, José Manuel Gómez, Françoise Bonichon, Laurence Leenhardt, Christine Soufflet, Muriel Licour, Martin J Schlumberger
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2012)
THE EFFECTIVE STIMULUS FOR INCREASED PULMONARY VENTILATION DURING MUSCULAR EXERTION
Authors: Julio M. Barman, Manoel F. Moreira, Frank Consolazio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)

The control of the pulmonary ventilation is a central problem in the physiology of muscular exercise. The hypothesis that the respiratory center is stimulated by chemical changes in the arterial blood has been defended by Gesell (1), Haldane (2), and Henderson (3). In addition to this type of stimulation, Krogh and Lindhard (4) have discussed the anticipatory hyperventilation preceding and immediately following the onset of exercise. This they attribute to cerebral cortical stimulation. Recently, Harrison and his associates (5, 6) have maintained that the stimulus for the increase in pulmonary ventilation in men and dogs during very moderate exercise, either active or passive, is not chemical, but is reflex. Comroe and Schmidt (7) confirmed these findings in anesthetized dogs, using either electrical stimulation of the lumbar anterior spiral roots, or else passive movements of the limbs. In view of the importance of this problem, we have repeated Harrison's experiments, which
Health care in London. Other cities also overbedded.
Authors: N Mays
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Health care in LondonOther cities also overbedded EDITOR,-Brian Jarman takes issue with the recommendations of the Tomlinson report and the government's response, which have suggested the closure of several hospitals in London, by arguing that the data on provision and use of beds in all specialties by London residents do not amount to a case for reducing the total stock of hospital beds in London at a rate faster than elsewhere.'He shows
Neuro-Oncology: An Overview
Authors: J. B. Posner
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1980)

Good morning. My name is Jerome Posner and I am from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. It is a signal honor to be invited by the Netherlands Societies of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Radiotherapy to give the opening remarks to this Conference on Neuro-Oncology. I am particularly pleased that the societies have selected neuro-oncology as a topic because it gives recognition to a field that has come of age and indicates that neurologists, neurosurgeons and radiotherapists should develop and expand their interests in the area. For purposes of my discussion this morning, by neuro-oncology I mean an area of study which deals with: 1) the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from primary CNS neoplasms (brain and spinal cord tumors); 2) neurological complications of systemic cancer (cancer which arises outside the nervous system and affects the nervous system secondarily), and 3) pain associated with cancer. New developments in the neurophysiology and neuropharmacology of pain make it particularly important for neurologically trained physicians with a sophisticated knowledge of neurophysiology and neuropharmacology to participate in the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from pain related to cancer.
Passive Ventricular Constraint Prevents Transmural Shear Strain Progression in Left Ventricle Remodeling
Authors: Allen Cheng, Tom C. Nguyen, Marcin Malinowski, Frank Langer, David Liang, George T. Daughters, Neil B. Ingels, D. Craig Miller
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Passive ventricular constraint provides external cardiac support to reduce left ventricular (LV) wall stress and myocardial stretch, which are primary determinants of LV remodeling. Altered wall strain results in cytokine and reactive oxygen species production, which, in turn, stimulates apoptosis and extracellular matrix disruption and could be an important trigger for adverse global LV dilatation and remodeling. The effects of the Acorn cardiac support device (CSD) on regional transmural LV wall strains, however, remain unknown.Thirty-three sheep had transmural radiopaque beadsets surgically inserted into the anterior basal and lateral equatorial LV walls, with additional markers silhouetting the left ventricle. Eight animals had CSD implanted (myocardial infarction [MI]+CSD). One week thereafter, the MI+CSD group and 10 animals without CSD (MI) underwent posterior LV infarction by snaring obtuse marginal coronary arteries. Fifteen animals (Sham) had no infarction or CSD. 4D marker dynamics were measured with biplane videofluoroscopy 1 and 8 weeks postoperatively. LV volumes, sphericity index, and transmural circumferential, longitudinal, and radial systolic strains were analyzed. Compared with Sham, infarction (MI) dilated the heart, reduced sphericity index (LV length/width), and increased longitudinal-radial shear strains in the inner half of both the anterior and lateral LV walls. CSD prevented this shear strain perturbation, minimized LV end diastolic volume increase, and augmented the LV sphericity index.Prophylactic CSD prevented infarct-induced shear strain progression not only in myocardium adjacent to, but also remote from, the infarct. CSD also prevented LV dilatation and sphericalization. By attenuating shear strain abnormalities, CSD could prevent the heart from entering into a positive feedback loop of further LV dilatation and exaggeration of LV wall stress and may reduce biochemical triggers portending adverse LV remodeling.
TCT-446 Long-Term Clinical Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusions in Elderly Patients (≥75 years): Five-Year Outcomes from a 1,791 Patient Multi-National Registry
Authors: Loes Hoebers, Bimmer Claessen, George Dangas, Antonio Colombo, Carlo DiMario, Jose Henriques, Martin Leon, Gregg Stone, Jeffrey Moses, Seung-Jung Park, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Caspase-11 Promotes the Fusion of Phagosomes Harboring Pathogenic Bacteria with Lysosomes by Modulating Actin Polymerization
Authors: Anwari Akhter, Kyle Caution, Arwa Abu Khweek, Mia Tazi, Basant A. Abdulrahman, Dalia H.A. Abdelaziz, Oliver H. Voss, Andrea I. Doseff, Hoda Hassan, Abul K. Azad, Larry S. Schlesinger, Mark D. Wewers, Mikhail A. Gavrilin, Amal O. Amer
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Methylphenidate-Induced Tics
Authors: David I. Margolin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Concerning the very interesting article by Denckla et al (235:1349, 1976) relating to methylphenidate-induced tics, there are several points I wish to comment on. First, the authors state that they know of only one other case report associating methylphenidate hydrochloride therapy with tics. However, Weiss et al<sup>1</sup>reported on the occurence of facial tics associated with methylphenidate therapy in a hyperkinetic child while Lucas and Weiss<sup>2</sup>report frequent facial grimacing in the same clinical situation. In their article, Winsberg et al<sup>3</sup>describe a hyperkinetic child in whom severe oral-facial tics developed, as well as dyskinesias of the trunk and arms, while being treated with methylphenidate, and reference is made to a similar patient of Werry and Sprague. One must also consider that subtle dyskinetic movements may easily be obscured in the hyperkinetic child and that dyskinesias associated with amphetamine or methylphenidate therapy in this
895. Separate rAAV1 Vectors Co-Infect Striatal Neurons Efficiently
Authors: Fredric P. Manfredsson, Aaron C. Rising, Ronald J. Mandel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

rAAV is a useful tool for gene therapy, however because of the limited size of the AAV genome large or multicistronic cDNAs are problematic. For example, the tetracycline responsive promoter- transactivator transcriptional regulation system is difficult to package in a single rAAV vector. In instances where more than one gene is required, co-infection by two viruses is necessary and often, both genes must be transferred to the same cell for the system to function properly. To date, the rate at which two mixed viral vectors infect the same cells has not been quantified. We hypothesized that a sequential surgical procedure separated by 24 hr would allow for receptor recycling and increase the number of double-hits. Six adult rats were injected unilaterally in the striatum with a mix of AAV1- GFP and AAV1 DS-Red2. The contralateral striatum was injected with AAV1 DS-Red2 then 24 hours later injected with AAV1-GFP at the same site. In both groups, approximately 75% of cells expressing GFP (direct fluorescence) also expressed dsred2 (indirect fluorescence). However, the number of GFP expressing cells far exceeded that of dsred2 despite very similar titers. In conclusion these results demonstrate that 2 vectors co-transduce striatal neurons at a very high rate even with simple mixing procedure.