tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alcohol Metabolism in American Indians and Whites
Authors: Lynn J. Bennion, Ting-Kai Li
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

To investigate alleged racial differences in alcohol tolerance, we measured the rate of ethanol metabolism in 30 American Indians and 30 whites. The mean rates of alcohol metabolism were virtually identical in the two groups: 92 +/- 3 mg of ethanol metabolized per kilogram of body weight per hour for the Indians versus 93 +/- 3 for the whites (mean +/- S.E.M.). Similarly, a comparison of liver alcohol dehydrogenase specific activity and isoenzyme pattern in biopsy specimens from seven American Indians and six whites revealed no racial differences. Biopsy specimens from the Indians demonstrated a mean specific enzymatic activity of 0.073 +/- 0.004 mumoles of ethanol oxidized per minute per milligram of soluble protein and from the whites, 0.082 +/- 0.009. These findings make it unlikely that alleged racial differences in response to alcohol can be explained on the basis of racial differences in the rate of alcohol metabolism.
VWF protects FVIII from endocytosis by dendritic cells and subsequent presentation to immune effectors
Authors: Suryasarathi Dasgupta, Yohann Repessé, Jagadeesh Bayry, Ana-Maria Navarrete, Bharath Wootla, Sandrine Delignat, Theano Irinopoulou, Caroline Kamaté, Jean-Marie Saint-Remy, Marc Jacquemin, Peter J. Lenting, Annie Borel-Derlon, Srinivas V. Kaveri, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes
Journal: Blood (2006)
NURSES AND THE WAR
Authors: PHILIP KING BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our advent into the war has shown us unprepared in trained woman power as well as man power, and we are confronted with a need of 30,000 more nurses this year in addition to the 7,000 already enrolled. This means probably one half of the available registered nurses in the United States, and it is safe to say that if the war lasts two years more both the Army and the civil population will suffer immeasurably from the shortage. The fact that France long ago took women for nurses' work who had never had a particle of training marks what must happen to us if some more far reaching plan to meet the demand be not put into operation at once. It is well enough to say that the third year nurses can be taken from the training schools, or that married nurses might be drafted and sent to cantonment
Erlotinib exhibits antineoplastic off-target effects in AML and MDS: a preclinical study
Authors: Simone Boehrer, Lionel Adès, Thorsten Braun, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Jennifer Grosjean, Claire Fabre, Génèviève Le Roux, Claude Gardin, Antoine Martin, Stéphane de Botton, Pierre Fenaux, Guido Kroemer
Journal: Blood (2007)
Radiofrequency Ablation in Children with Asymptomatic Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome
Authors: Carlo Pappone, Francesco Manguso, Raffaele Santinelli, Gabriele Vicedomini, Simone Sala, Gabriele Paglino, Patrizio Mazzone, Christopher C. Lang, Simone Gulletta, Giuseppe Augello, Ornella Santinelli, Vincenzo Santinelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Ventricular fibrillation can be the presenting arrhythmia in children with asymptomatic Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome. Deaths due to this arrhythmia are potentially preventable.
ABC of ENT. Throat infections.
Authors: H Ludman
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The back of the nose and buccal cavity are encircled by a ring of lymphoid tissue.This (Waldeyer's ring) comprises adenoid tissues in the postnasal space, the pharyngeal tonsils, and the lingual tonsil.Shortly after birth the lymphoid tissue enlarges physiologically and remains enlarged until puberty.In early childhood this tissue plays a part in normal immunological development.Infection of the throat may either affect the mucosa of the whole of the nasopharynx and oropharynx (pharyngitis) or be localised to the lymphoid g tissue, causing tonsillitis. causes and diagnosisAcute pharyngitis and acute tonsillitis may be due to viral, bacterial, or fungal infection.Half of all infections are viral, caused by the influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinoviruses.Bacterial infections are usually due to Streptococcus haemolyticus and less often to Str pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.Rare but important causes include diphtheria and gonococcal infection.Secondary syphilis also causes a generalised pharyngitis, with highly infective snail track ulcers.Tuberculosis is a rare cause of pharyngeal infection, usually associated with Viral open pulmonary disease. S( ViralMonilia is the most common fungal infection, occurring in debilitated 5 B-acterial patients and those who have been taking oral antibiotics.It causes white patches.Moniliasis is best treated by sipping nystatin suspension 1 ml four gSd / Fun gal times a day.Acute tonsillitis, with its typical clinical pattern of fever, malaise, dysphagia, and cervical lymphadenitis, occurs when acute infection is localised to the tonsils.Whenever examination shows membranous exudate
Management of acne scars: fulfilling our duty of care for patients
Authors: M. Sánchez Viera
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Inflammatory lesions commonly associated with acne have a propensity to form scars which can substantially impact an individual's quality of life. As a result of variations in collagen levels during the wound-healing process, different types of scars can form requiring a tailored approach to treatment; treatment success depends on the modality of the treatment chosen. Here, I briefly discuss the different acne scar types, and their relationship with skin anatomy and histology, in relation to the different treatment options available. This paper was developed to accompany my state of the art presentation at 'The Changing Faces of Acne' meeting in June 2014 and I aim to share my personal experiences in order to offer guidance for appropriate treatment decisions.
MECKEL'S DIVERTICULUM AS A CAUSE OF INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE
Authors: ISAAC A. ABT
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The father of Johann Friedrich Meckel (1781-1833) of Halle was a distinguished professor of anatomy and surgery as well as a medical editor. Meckel's grandfather, Johann Friedrich the elder, published a noteworthy dissertation on the fifth nerve (Meckel's ganglion). He was professor of anatomy, obstetrics and botany in Berlin (1751). The younger Meckel consequently came from a distinguished line of anatomists, and he himself was an eminent pathologist. Garrison says of him that he was the greatest comparative anatomist of Germany before Johannes Muller. He has been called the German Cuvier. He published treatises on pathologic anatomy, normal human anatomy and comparative anatomy, and he was the discoverer of the Meckel's diverticulum of the intestines, though Littre observed the diverticulum in a hernia in 1770, and it was familiar to Ruysch, who illustrated it in 1701. Meckel, however, described its anatomic origin. He recognized it as the omphalomesenteric or vitelline
Efficacy of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholecystoendoprosthesis (ERCCE) for Cholecystitis
Authors: K. Tamada, H. Seki, K. Sato, T. Kano, S. Sugiyama, M. Ichiyama, S. Wada, A. Ohashi, G. Tomiyama, A. Ueno, T. Yaman Aka, K. Kimura
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

Fourteen patients with cholecystitis were treated by endoscopic placement of an endoprosthesis into the cystic duct. In these patients the administration of antibiotics had failed to change the clinical picture of cholecystitis. Clinical and ultrasonographic findings before and two months after stenting were compared. There was an improvement in abdominal pain in 9 out of 14 cases (64 %); fever, present in 5 patients, disappeared in all. No clinical complications were observed. Sonographic findings in terms of gallbladder wall thickening and sludge present within the gallbladder improved in 57 % and 88 %, respectively. Our results indicate that this endoscopic procedure may be effective in the treatment of cholecystitis.
Brain and Culture
Authors: John J. McGrath
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Posture on Renal Excretion of Sodium and Chloride in Orthostatic Hypotension
Authors: DANIEL M. BACHMAN, WILLIAM B. YOUMANS
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Large decreases in the rates of sodium excretion, chloride excretion, and glomerular filtration were observed in patients with orthostatic hypotension when they assumed the upright posture following a period of recumbency. When they returned to the recumbent position, sodium excretion typically was not restored immediately in spite of immediate restoration of filtered sodium load. The decreased sodium excretion found to occur in patients with orthostatic hypotension when they are in the upright posture is considered to be due in part to the decreased filtered sodium load and in part to changes in tubular reabsorption that are independent of filtered sodium load.
Very low-density lipoprotein-apoprotein CI is increased in diabetic nephropathy: Comparison with apoprotein CIII
Authors: Tsutomu Hirano, Taro Sakaue, Asako Misaki, Satoru Murayama, Toshihiro Takahashi, Kenta Okada, Hiroko Takeuchi, Gen Yoshino, Mitsuru Adachi
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
A Dictionary of Anhedonia
Authors: John Graber
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A puzzling cause of melaena
Authors: K Tominaga, K Hirahata, I Maetani, H Kowazaki, K Tamura, J Matsubayashi
Journal: Gut (2007)

A 64-year-old man presented with melaena of 2 weeks in duration and with dizziness for the past day. He had smoked an average of 20 cigarettes per day for 30 years and drunk …
Identification of a Patient With Atypical <i>MUTYH</i>-Associated Polyposis Through Detection of the <i>KRAS</i> c.34G&gt;T Mutation in Liver Metastasis
Authors: Marie-Pierre Buisine, Stéphane Cattan, Agnès Wacrenier, Julie Leclerc, Sophie Lejeune
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
Decreased Expression of Maxi-K <sup>+</sup> Channel β <sub>1</sub> -Subunit and Altered Vasoregulation in Hypoxia
Authors: Javier Navarro-Antolín, Konstantin L. Levitsky, Eva Calderón, Antonio Ordóñez, José López-Barneo
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Hypertension, a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, can result from chronic hypoxia; however, the pathogenesis of this disorder is unknown. We hypothesized that downregulation of the maxi-K+ channel beta1-subunit by hypoxia decreases the ability of these channels to hyperpolarize arterial smooth muscle cells, thus favoring vasoconstriction and hypertension.Lowering O2 tension produced a decrease of maxi-K+ beta1-subunit mRNA levels in rat (aortic and basilar) and human (mammary) arterial myocytes. This was paralleled by a reduction of the beta1-subunit protein level as determined by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Exposure to hypoxia also produced a decrease of open probability, mean open time, and sensitivity to the xenoestrogen tamoxifen of single maxi-K+ channels recorded from patch-clamped dispersed myocytes. The number of channels per patch and the single-channel conductance were not altered. The vasorelaxing force of maxi-K+ channels was diminished in rat and human arterial rings exposed to low oxygen tension.These results indicate that a decrease of the maxi-K+ channel beta1-subunit expression in arterial myocytes is a key factor in the vasomotor alterations induced by hypoxia.
And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and the AIDS Epidemic
Authors: Steven Miles
Journal: JAMA (1988)

It is no less true of reading than of eating: how things taste is not a perfect measure of nutritive value. So it is with Randy Shilts' engaging, horrifying, although ultimately frustrating book about the early years of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the United States. Shilts, a San Francisco journalist with extensive experience reporting on the San Francisco homosexual community, has amassed an astonishing compendium of AIDS anecdotes from victims, politicians, medical researchers, gay newspapers, medical literature, and government documents. The book is organized chronologically, giving the exponentially mounting victim count, a count that compellingly compresses the months of the unfolding disaster. This is an American morality play— isolated heroes against an indifferent system. The heroes are gay activists, who struggled to have their community recognize the new link between an ideology of promiscuity and death, and astute epidemiologists, who diverted resources and their careers to track
More information needed about experience of dying, report says
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Too little is known about how patients in the United States experience the final few months of their life and the time around their death, says a new report from the Institute of Medicine in Washington, DC.

A substantial number of people experience needless suffering and distress at the end of life. This can be due to inappropriate or unwanted care or to the underuse of effective measures, such as relieving pain.

To fill this gap a new national mortality survey should be undertaken that would make regular periodic surveys on …
C-Peptide Responses to Glucose Load in Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
Authors: Viswanathan Mohan, Chamukuttan Snehalatha, Ambady Ramachandran, Ramaswamy Jayashree, Moopil Viswanathan
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

Pancreatic beta cell responses were measured in obese and nonobese maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) patients by estimating serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and C-peptide (CP) during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT). The serum CP responses were generally low in MODY patients and more pronounced in obese patients. The IRI responses were heterogenous; some patients had normal and others low responses. It was observed that in several patients there was a relatively higher IRI concentration in comparison with the CP values, as indicated by low CP and normal IRI values. This is suggestive of altered metabolic fates of insulin and CP in the MODY patients.
Noninvasive Imaging of Myocardial Viability
Authors: Katherine C. Wu, João A.C. Lima
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Complete knowledge of myocardial structure, metabolism, and function is crucial to understanding the response of the heart to injury such as ischemia. Increasingly, this type of knowledge is required at multiple levels, from that of the isolated myocyte to the functioning organism, to provide basic scientists and clinical investigators a common framework for translation of findings and information feedback. This article focuses on the utilization of imaging methods to assess myocardial viability in vivo. It discusses the advantages and pitfalls of different imaging techniques, with particular emphasis on available data in humans and large animal models. Because of their novelty and potential for accurate phenotyping of human pathophysiology, magnetic resonance modalities will be highlighted.
NICE rules that drug used in advanced liver cancer is not cost effective for the NHS
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A UK cancer charity has called for a change in the way that drugs are priced, in response to the decision from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) that sorafenib (Nexavar) should not be used in the treatment of advanced liver cancer because it is judged not “a cost effective use of NHS resources.”

Sorafenib was considered under special criteria introduced by NICE in January for drugs used in end of life care ( BMJ 2009;338:b3, doi:10.1136/bmj.b3). These potentially allow the use of drugs that exceed the usual limit of £30 000 (€33 000; $49 000) per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained because they are for patients with short life expectancy, and numbers are relatively small. But NICE still considered in this case that the magnitude of the …
Racial Differences in Cardiac Revascularization Rates: Does “Overuse” Explain Higher Rates among White Patients?
Authors: Eric C. Schneider, Lucian L. Leape, Joel S. Weissman, Robert N. Piana, Constantine Gatsonis, Arnold M. Epstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are well-established treatments for symptomatic coronary artery disease. Previous studies have documented racial differences in rates of use of these cardiac revascularization procedures. Other studies suggest that these procedures are overused: that is, they are done for patients with clinically inappropriate indications. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the higher rate of cardiac revascularization among white patients is associated with a higher prevalence of overuse (revascularization for clinically inappropriate indications) among white patients than among African-American patients. Design: Observational cohort study using Medicare claims and medical record review. Setting: 173 hospitals in five U.S. states. Participants: A stratified, weighted, random sample of 3960 Medicare beneficiaries who underwent coronary angiography during 1991 and 1992; 1692 of these patients underwent 1711 revascularization procedures within 90 days. Measurements: The proportion of CABG and PTCA procedures rated appropriate, uncertain, and inappropriate according to RAND criteria, and the multivariate odds of undergoing inappropriate revascularization among African-American patients and white patients. Results: After angiography, rates of PTCA (23% vs. 19%) and CABG surgery (29% vs. 17%) were significantly higher among white patients than among African-American patients. The respective rates of inappropriate PTCA and CABG surgery were 14% and 10%. Among the study states, rates of inappropriate use ranged from 4% to 24% for PTCA and 0% to 14% for CABG surgery. White patients were more likely than African-American patients to receive inappropriate PTCA (15% vs. 9%; difference, 6 percentage points [95% CI, −0.4 to 12.7 percentage points]), and difference by race was statistically significant among men (20% vs. 8%; difference, 12 percentage points [CI, 1.2 to 21.7 percentage points]). Rates of inappropriate CABG surgery did not differ by race (10% in both groups). Conclusions: Among a large and diverse sample of Medicare beneficiaries in five U.S. states, overuse of PTCA was greater among white men than among other groups, but this difference did not fully account for racial disparities in revascularization. Overuse of cardiac revascularization varied significantly by geographic region.
Nicholas Bennett-Jones
Authors: Edgar Parry
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Nicholas was born with a high intellect and an excellent memory, a wonderful base on which to embark on any career. He chose medicine. Nicholas' origin was on a farm called Cwm Biga in Montgomeryshire. His primary education was at Berriw, and he gained the highest marks in the county in the entrance examination to the grammar schools at Welshpool and Newtown. In 1935 he passed the higher school certificate examination, being given a county exhibition for attaining a high standard. In the same year he entered Liverpool University Medical School to start his medical career.

Nick's earlier promise of academic excellence led to an illustrious undergraduate progress. He received a number of medals and prizes for special achievements, including the Mitchel Banks medal in anatomy and the senior Lyons Jones prize for the highest grades in the 2nd MB examination. During his clinical training he also claimed the Butterworth prize. Nick's undergraduate excellence culminated in passing the …