tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous High-Resolution Measurement of Adenosine Triphosphate Levels and Blood Flow in the Hamster Amelanotic Melanoma A-Mel-3
Authors: G. E. H. Kuhnle, M. Dellian, S. Walenta, W. Mueller-Klieser, A. E. Goetz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Some studies suggest that nutritional blood flow and intratumor levels of high-energy phosphates such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) affect tumor response to treatment. Reports of intratumor variabilities have shown that distribution of high-energy phosphates within experimental and human tumors is not uniform, and this variability may be related to differences in blood flow in different regions of the tumor. However, previous studies provide no insight into the intratumor relationship of these parameters.To study the intratumor relationship between blood flow and ATP concentration, we have developed a method that allows simultaneous quantitation of the two variables almost at a cellular level at adjacent sites. In addition, this technique, which uses digital image processing and analysis, facilitates regional high-resolution measurements of blood flow and ATP concentrations in relation to histology.We examined tissue samples cut in consecutive order from one representative hamster A-Mel-3 amelanotic melanoma. Specimens from the same tumor were analyzed for histological features, blood flow (measured autoradiographically by the use of [4-N-methyl-14C]iodoantipyrine), and ATP content (measured by a quantitative substrate-induced bioluminescence reaction, using single-photon imaging). The data on the three parameters were stored as digitized images, which were later transformed to reach geometric congruency. The relationship between blood flow and ATP was examined by nonlinear regression and correlation analyses.Regional distribution of blood flow was highly correlated with distribution of ATP within the A-Mel-3 tumor. For images of the tumor using measuring fields of approximately 20 tumor cells, the coefficient of correlation was .92 (P < .001). The relationship between the two parameters was described by a second-order function. At low blood flow values, small differences in blood flow were associated with large changes in levels of ATP, whereas at high blood flow values, differences in blood flow were associated with much smaller changes in ATP levels.This high-resolution technique may have applications in future studies investigating the relationship between tumor cell metabolism and regional blood flow and in studies aimed at identifying the locoregional target of various cancer therapies.
Evidence-Based General Practice: A Critical Reader
Authors: A. Esmail
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Leone Ridsdale W B Saunders, pounds sterling11.95, pp 182 ISBN 0 7020 1611 X

Evidence based medicine is often touted by its proponents as the new paradigm in medicine, but criticised by its opponents as being hopelessly out of touch with reality and totally impractical in real life. There are some good examples of its use in hospital based medicine but there is almost nothing published which tries to apply its principles to general practice.

I was therefore …
<i>JRSM Cardiovascular Disease</i>: A new journal for cardiac and cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Pankaj Sharma, Kamran Abbasi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

Cardiovascular disease is among the commonest causes of mortality in rich countries and will also become one in the developing world. Encouragingly, research into cardiovascular disease is expanding yet the number of high-quality journals for this specialty remains small. JRSM Cardiovascular Disease, a new journal from the Royal Society of Medicine's publishing group, RSM Press, will be launched in 2012 to meet the needs of international researchers, clinicians, and policymakers in this important specialty.

JRSM Cardiovascular Disease is an open-access, author-pays, online-only publication. The journal seeks to attract high quality original research papers, review articles, trial protocols, and occasionally case reports that highlight a new and important aspect of cardiovascular disease.

The definition of cardiovascular disease is open to debate but ours is as broad as possible, encompassing all aspects of vascular diseases of the heart, brain and kidney. We publish research papers in both clinical and basic sciences, on topics as diverse as cardiovascular physiology, pharmacology, proteomics, genetics, genomics, stem cell therapy, epidemiology, hypertension and clinical trials.

JRSM Cardiovascular Disease is produced in collaboration with the London Cardiovascular Society and backed by an international editorial board of leading researchers and clinicians. The journal offers a responsive service to authors and conforms to best practice in medical journal publishing, such as declaration of competing interests and open peer review. We are now open for submissions, and authors can submit articles and seek more advice by visiting our online submission site (http://manucriptcentral.com/cvd and http://www.rsmjournals.com/site/misc/cvd.xhtml). You can also email the editorial team directly on ku.ca.msr@lairotidedvc.

New journals should be started with care, as there are already too many, but our research has identified a need for a major new journal devoted to the exciting specialty of cardiovascular disease. The long-term success of JRSM Cardiovascular Disease, however, will depend on the support of the international cardiovascular research and clinical communities through reading the new journal and submitting high-quality articles.

By opening up the international scientific debate on cardiovascular disease, our ambition is that JRSM Cardiovascular Disease will play an important role in combating some of the world's major diseases.
Studying Health Outcomes in Farmworker Populations Exposed to Pesticides
Authors: Linda A. McCauley, W. Kent Anger, Matthew Keifer, Rick Langley, Mark G. Robson, Diane Rohlman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

A major goal of studying farmworkers is to better understand how their work environment, including exposure to pesticides, affects their health. Although a number of health conditions have been associated with pesticide exposure, clear linkages have yet to be made between exposure and health effects except in cases of acute pesticide exposure. In this article, we review the most common health end points that have been studied and describe the epidemiologic challenges encountered in studying these health effects of pesticides among farmworkers, including the difficulties in accessing the population and challenges associated with obtaining health end point data. The assessment of neurobehavioral health effects serves as one of the most common and best examples of an approach used to study health outcomes in farmworkers and other populations exposed to pesticides. We review the current limitations in neurobehavioral assessment and strategies to improve these analytical methods. Emerging techniques to improve our assessment of health effects associated with pesticide exposure are reviewed. These techniques, which in most cases have not been applied to farmworker populations, hold promise in our ability to study and understand the relationship between pesticide exposure and a variety of health effects in this population.
The usefulness of a 10% air-10% blood-80% saline mixture for contrast echocardiography: Doppler measurement of pulmonary artery systolic pressure
Authors: Doo-Soo Jeon, Huai Luo, Takahiro Iwami, Takashi Miyamoto, Andrea V Brasch, James Mirocha, Tasneem Z Naqvi, Robert J Siegel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Increased activity of membrane-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase and inhibition of cAMP synthesis in failing human myocardium
Authors: Susanne Lutz, Roman Mura, Doris Baltus, Matthew Movsesian, Wolfgang Kübler, Feraydoon Niroomand
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: Chronic heart failure is associated with a decreased responsiveness of the heart to β-adrenergic receptor agonists. We recently demonstrated a receptor-independent activation of G proteins and modulation of cardiac adenylyl cyclase activity by sarcolemmal membrane-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase. We wondered whether changes in the activity of nucleoside diphosphate kinase occur in heart failure and contribute to or compensate for the impairment in myocardial receptor-mediated cAMP generation. Methods: Sarcolemmal membranes were purified from non-failing and failing human left ventricular myocardium. The protein level and activity of nucleoside diphosphate kinase were quantified. The influence of nucleoside diphosphate kinase on adenylyl cyclase activity was determined by measuring the effect of GDP on adenylyl cyclase activity in the absence and presence of nucleoside diphosphate kinase inhibitors. Results: The amount and activity of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in sarcolemmal membranes from failing hearts (n = 13) were increased 3- to 4-fold compared to levels in membranes from non-failing myocardium (n = 5). This increase in sarcolemmal nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity resulted in a 50% inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity over a range of GDP and ATP concentrations. Conclusion: The amount and activity of nucleoside diphosphate kinase are increased in sarcolemmal membranes of failing human myocardium, resulting in a substantial receptor-independent inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity.
Uptake of Tc-99m MDP by Adrenal Metastases from Undifferentiated Large-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: MEHUL B. DESAI, DONALD MARGOULEFF, STEVEN KROOP, ITALO ZANZI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A case is presented in which Tc-99m MDP bone imaging demonstrated uptake in bilateral adrenal metastases from an undifferentiated large-cell lung carcinoma.
Diagnosis of Discitis by SPECT Technetium-99m MDP Scintigram A Case Report
Authors: DAVID SWANSON, IRA BLECKER, HELMUTH GAHBAUER, VICENTE J. CARIDE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A 29-year-old male presented with a two month history of intermittent low back pain following a febrile illness. Two planar bone scans performed with Tc-99m MDP were normal despite roentgenographic and SPECT scintigraphic evidence of discitis. This case demonstrates the increased sensitivity of SPECT in the diagnosis of discitis.
Exposing the evidence gap for complementary and alternative medicine to be integrated into science-based medicine
Authors: Michael Power, Kevork Hopayian
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2011)

When people who advocate integrating conventional science-based medicine with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) are confronted with the lack of evidence to support CAM they counter by calling for more research, diverting attention to the ‘package of care’ and its non-specific effects, and recommending unblinded ‘pragmatic trials’. We explain why these responses cannot close the evidence gap, and focus on the risk of biased results from open (unblinded) pragmatic trials. These are clinical trials which compare a treatment with ‘usual care’ or no additional care. Their risk of bias has been overlooked because the components of outcome measurements have not been taken into account. The components of an outcome measure are the specific effect of the intervention and non-specific effects such as true placebo effects, cognitive measurement biases, and other effects (which tend to cancel out when similar groups are compared). Negative true placebo effects (‘frustrebo effects’) in the comparison group, and cognitive measurement biases in the comparison group and the experimental group make the non-specific effect look like a benefit for the intervention group. However, the clinical importance of these effects is often dismissed or ignored without justification. The bottom line is that, for results from open pragmatic trials to be trusted, research is required to measure the clinical importance of true placebo effects, cognitive bias effects, and specific effects of treatments.
Some Instrument-Induced Errors in the Electrocardiogram
Authors: Jerome L. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To investigate the character and extent of the errors due to poor frequency response that present-day equipment may introduce in the amplification of the electrocardiographic signal, a single, electronically simulated electrocardiogram complex was recorded by means of an amplifier with a variable frequency response. Poor high-frequency response resulted in attenuation of the R and S waves, and the attenuation increased in a smooth curve with decreasing frequency response. However, the R and S were attenuated by different factors for any given value of high-frequency cutoff. Inadequate low-frequency response gave rise to R, S, and I amplitude distortions that again followed a smooth curve with degenerating frequency response, and these waves were distorted by different factors for any single value of low-frequency cutoff. In addition, poor low-frequency response inserted S-T segment depressions and post-T sags. Much equipment in current use is capable of producing such distortions to a significant extent.
RUMMAGE – a high-throughput sequence annotation system
Authors: Stefan Taudien, Andreas Rump, Matthias Platzer, Bernd Drescher, Ruben Schattevoy, Gernot Gloeckner, Monika Dette, Cornelia Baumgart, Jacqueline Weber, Uwe Menzel, André Rosenthal
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2000)
Abstract P6-08-02: Quality of life in breast cancer patients after breast conservation surgery or modified radical mastectomy - A comparative study from a tertiary cancer care center in India
Authors: SB Pudumjee, AD Mane, SP Deshmukh, KP Bokil, AG Choudhary, SP Sane
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: The research in QOL of breast cancer patients has been predominantly focussed on the western world and has yielded mixed results. However there is a paucity of QOL data in Indian patients. Due to increasing incidence of breast cancer in the Indian population, it is imperative to look into the QOL experienced by patients after treatment. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess any difference in QOL experienced by women having undergone Breast Conservation Surgery (BCS) and by those having undergone a Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) in a tertiary cancer care center. Methodology: Total 75 patients were assessed prospectively (MRM = 43, BCS = 32) using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Breast (FACT - B) Version 4 scale. Patients diagnosed with Stage I, II or III breast cancers were assessed after 6 months post completion of all treatment. Results: The Mann Whitney - U test showed that the overall QOL did not differ significantly across the two groups but the FACT - G (General) and Functional Well Being (FWB) subscale showed that BCS patients fared better than those of MRM with P-values of 0.033 and 0.031 respectively(Table 1). MRM patients did not experience significantly lower body image and decreased sexual functioning when compared to the BCS patients. Conclusions: There was no significant difference between the QOL experienced by patients of MRM and BCS. However BCS patients did report higher levels of functionality as well as general QOL without considering factors specific to breast cancer. The lack of difference between body image and sexual functioning was in sharp contrast to the findings in western literature and can be explained by the cultural variance. Implications: This study will serve the purpose of establishing the need for further culturally appropriate investigations into QOL of breast cancer patients as well as lend impetus to more targeted, culture appropriate forms of psychosocial intervention. Difference between QOL for BCS and MRM patients BCS (Median)MRM (median)P-valuePhysical Well Being25.5240.088Social Well Being25.435240.266Emotional Well Being23200.188Functional Well Being27.5250.031*Breast Cancer Subscale26.5270.855Trial Outcome Index78730.133FACT - G99.5910.033*FACT - B124.51170.065*significant at the 0.05 level Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-08-02.
Dengue fever in the United States. A report of a cluster of imported cases and review of the clinical, epidemiologic, and public health aspects of the disease
Authors: M. D. Malison
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In the United States during 1981, fourteen state health departments reported a total of 44 imported cases of dengue fever. Most originated in the Caribbean, where dengue type 4 has reached pandemic proportions. Because the mosquito vector for dengue is abundant throughout the southeast and imported cases continue to occur, the possibility exists for indigenous dengue transmission. We report a cluster of imported dengue type 1 cases in Florida, discuss the clinical, epidemiologic, and public health aspects of the disease, and make recommendations as to how clinicians can assist public health officials in minimizing the risk of indigenous dengue transmission in the United States.
Comparative Effectiveness of Robot-assisted Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy Cancer Control
Authors: Jim C. Hu, Giorgio Gandaglia, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Paul L. Nguyen, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Ya-Chen Tina Shih, Firas Abdollah, Karim Chamie, Jonathan L. Wright, Patricia A. Ganz, Maxine Sun
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Isotope gastric emptying tests in clinical practice: expectation, outcome, and utility.
Authors: M A Galil, M Critchley, C R Mackie
Journal: Gut (1993)

Tests of gastric emptying with modern scintigraphic methods are recommended in the clinical management of gastric disorders. An audit of 472 gastric emptying tests carried out over a 10 year period was performed to discover the reasons for requests from consultant clinicians, their anticipation of the results of tests, and the influence of the results upon the subsequent management of their patients. Excluding control (n = 47) and research (n = 50) studies, there were 375 clinical referrals that could be grouped under the headings: non-ulcer dyspepsia (n = 72), suspected diabetic gastroparesis (n = 18), peptic ulcer (n = 15), suspected delayed gastric emptying after surgery (n = 154), dumping and diarrhoea (= 107), and other indications (n = 9). Although the results were abnormal for 55 (48%) of the 9medical9 patients, they did not seem to influence clinical management. Delayed gastric emptying after surgery was confirmed in only 20% of patients referred with this clinical diagnosis. Conversely, most (79%) o the patients referred with dumping and diarrhoea exhibited abnormally rapid emptying. Isotope gastric emptying studies may be useful in clinical practice. The results are often at variance with the clinical diagnosis. Clinicians must take into account the nature of the test meal used when results are correlated with clinical features.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BILOCULAR UTERUS AND BIFID VAGINA.
Authors: H. W. LONGYEAR
Journal: JAMA (1904)

My object in presenting this subject is to call attention to a simple operative procedure for the correction of one of the numerous forms of anomalous development of the female generative organs which result from faulty evolution in the process of development of the M xxx llerian ducts.  The strange silence of gynecologic literature appertaining to the therapeutics of these sexual deformities is remarkable, as it would seem that, where possible, their early discovery and correction should be aimed at, rather than allowing such abnormal conditions to continue as a serious menace to the health, and possibly the lives, of their possessors.  The bilocular, double, or septate uterus is usually attended with the same condition of the vagina, the latter being divided by an apparent continuation of the uterine septum into two lateral halves. The cause of the deformity being an arrest of coalescence of the Mullerian ducts, the
Treatment of poisoning by antidepressants
Authors: J. L. Crammer
Journal: BMJ (1967)

plicity of new drugs can hardly be taken for granted.Should there be any parallel with the effects of alcohol, for example, in a few years' time there could be a crop of iatrogenic delirium tremens and liver cirrhosis which would hardly bear contemplation.We should not forget that the present stupendous amphetamine consumption, legiti- mate and otherwise, was initiated by ourselves, just as the overconsumption of barbiturates is a legacy of the sedative era.Past experience gives a clear warning.Our collective therapeutic machine is very sensitive to the accelerator and we are driving without brakes.-Iam, etc., Sheffield.
LETTER FROM VIENNA.
Authors: Thomas H. Manley
Journal: JAMA (1891)

During the latter part of the present century, Vienna has become one of the greatest, if not the greatest, medical centre of Continental Europe. Hence, the whole medical world naturally looks to that city for the latest, as well as the most useful revelations in medical science, in all the various specialties, for many of them are diligently cultivated in the Austrian capital; and one will notice here, as in Berlin and Dresden, that many practitioners announce their special line of practice by large gilded signs, conspicuously placed over their doors. That this shouldbe a great teaching centre for those having a speaking knowledge of German, one can easily comprehend; because its professors in the hospitals are mostly men of worldwide reputations, many of whom are well known as authors and operators. Besides, their great, colossal hospital, on the<i>Aller Strasse</i>, being practically the only general hospital for the city,
TGF-β upregulates CD70 expression and induces exhaustion of effector memory T cells in B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Z-Z Yang, D M Grote, B Xiu, S C Ziesmer, T L Price-Troska, L S Hodge, D M Yates, A J Novak, S M Ansell
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Acute Diabetic Gastric Atony
Authors: Willard J. Howland
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE PUBLISHED OBSERVATIONS of gastric atony occurring in diabetic patients leave one confused as to the significance and clinical course of this condition. The standard reference books<sup>1</sup>on diabetes mellitus refer to gastric atony only in connection with diabetic coma or precoma states. Kassander<sup>2</sup>in a recent article used the term "gastroparesis diabetacorum" to describe cases of<i>asymptomatic</i>gastric dilatation and retention occurring in patients with peripheral diabetic neuropathy. Kassander, and Gould and McAfee<sup>3</sup>have theorized that this condition is due to visceral diabetic neuropathy involving the vagus nerve, since the clinical and radiographic findings are similar to those seen in patients who have undergone vagotomy. More recently, Wooten and Meriweather<sup>4</sup>have described gastric atony which, in some instances, was abrupt in onset and associated with considerable difficulty of diabetic control. However, some of their cases were patients in diabetic acidosis. The gastric atony which they
Political Correctness of Medical Documentation
Authors: Joseph R. Berger
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

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