tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection With Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Daniel A de Luis, Marcos Lahera, Rafael Cantón, Daniel Boixeda, Antonio L San Román, Rocio Aller, Hermenegildo de La Calle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

Infection by Helicobacter pylori has been epidemiologically linked to some extradigestive conditions, including ischemic heart disease. Diabetic patients are an at-risk population for cardiovascular and thrombo-occlusive cerebral disease. The aim of the study was to examine a possible relationship between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease in diabetic patients.This was a cross-sectional case-control study with 127 diabetic patients (both IDDM and NIDDM). Special emphasis was placed on the detection of clinical macro- and microvascular complications, cardiovascular risk factors, acute phase reactants, and serological markers of increased cardiovascular disease risk. H. pylori infection was assessed through the determination of specific Ig-G titers, measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Coronary heart disease was more prevalent in diabetic patients with than without H. pylori (odds ratio [OR] 4.07; 95% CI 1.21-13.6; P < 0.05). A history of thrombo-occlusive cerebral disease was also more frequent in H. pylori-positive diabetic patients (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.24-18.51; P < 0.05). Other complications such as peripheral arteriopathy, advanced nephropathy, neuropathy, or retinopathy were no differently distributed according to serological status. Alterations in the levels of the following acute-phase reactants and blood chemistry determinations were significantly more profound in H. pylori-positive diabetic patients: high fibrinogen (P < 0.05), high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.001), high triglycerides (P < 0.001), and low HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001). There values were also more deeply altered in H. pylori-positive diabetic patients with a history of coronary heart disease, thrombo-occlusive cerebral disease, or both, when compared with H. pylori-positive diabetic patients without those complications.Our data indicate a possible association of H. pylori infection and the development of coronary heart disease, thrombo-occlusive cerebral disease, or both, in diabetic patients. The importance of this link is highlighted by the possibility of an effective intervention against H. pylori infection.
How the Sacrum Got Its Name
Authors: K. F. Kircher
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The origin of the word<i>sacrum</i>in Latin usage may be based on faulty translation by the Romans of the Greek word<i>hieron</i>.<sup>1</sup><i>Hieron</i>in ancient Greek means "holy" and "sacred," but also "strong," "vigorous," and "high." Hippocrates probably had this last definition in mind when he designated this bone<i>hieron osteon</i>, ie, "the protuberant, high bone." That was the interpretation of the Latin teacher in my gymnasium in Bavaria 45 years ago. He should have known—he was an outstanding scholar in classical languages.
ACCURACY OF THE SINGLE-CYCLE LENGTH METHOD FOR CALCULATING AORTIC VALVE AREA IN NON-SINUS RHYTHMS
Authors: Kerry A. Donegan, Omar Khalique, Susheel Kodali, Mathew Williams, Leo Marcoff, Tamim Nazif, Isaac George, Hemal Gada, Torsten Vahl, Rebecca Hahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Senator asks psychiatrists' association about drug company funding
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A leading member of the US Senate has asked the American Psychiatric Association to account for money it has received from drug companies.

Leading psychiatrists have previously been criticised by Charles Grassley, a Republican senator from Iowa, because of incidents of incomplete disclosure of funding ( BMJ 2008;336:1327, 14 Jun doi: 10.1136/bmj.39609.364688.DB).

Senator Grassley said in a letter to the association, “It is alleged that pharmaceutical companies give money to non-profits in an attempt to garner favor in ways that increase sales of their products.”

The senator is …
Pl 93–641: Fundamental Problems
Authors: Jay R. Shapiro, Elizabeth L. Russell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Werlin and his associates, in this issue of the Journal, have presented the organizational outlines for a national network of health planning and regulatory agencies created by PL 93–641. Also discussed are several of the difficulties involved in getting this massive system under way. Two principles are evident: Congress is intent that the health-care industry be subject to increased federal regulation before the enactment of national health insurance. In addition, a regional system of health-care standards and resources allocation is now considered the model most likely to succeed.We believe that more basic questions about PL 93–641 pertain to . . .
Pheochromocytoma—Anesthetic and Surgical Considerations
Authors: D. LeRoy Crandell, Richard T. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Eleven consecutive cases of pheochromocytoma were successfully diagnosed and surgically cured. The rational anesthetic management of a patient with pheochromocytoma should be based on a firm foundation of applied pharmacology. Cardiovascular control is best maintained symptomatically using phentolamine (Regitine) hydrochloride to control excessive hypertension, and with appropriate vasopressors, whole blood or plasma and possible cortisone acetate, to combat hypotension after the tumor is removed. The advantages associated with the transabdominal surgical approach are stressed. The patient with pheochromocytoma can tolerate anesthesia and the associated surgical procedure well through the combined efforts of the anesthesiologist and surgeon in executing their specific responsibilities.
Effectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in Adults
Authors: Erin S. LeBlanc, Elizabeth O'Connor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters7 February 2012Effectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in AdultsErin S. LeBlanc, MD, MPH and Elizabeth O'Connor, PhDErin S. LeBlanc, MD, MPHFrom Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR 97227.Search for more papers by this author and Elizabeth O'Connor, PhDFrom Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR 97227.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Kuller for his comments. We conducted this systematic review for the USPSTF to make its recommendation about screening and treatment of adult obesity. The USPSTF recently posted a draft recommendation for public comment but has not released its final recommendation.With regard to the articles in question, we excluded the Look AHEAD and WOMAN studies because the control groups received more than a minimal intervention, which was outside the focus of our review. Our systematic review summarized the data regarding the effectiveness of weight loss interventions compared with no intervention or usual care. We also ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Erin S. LeBlanc, MD, MPH; Elizabeth O'Connor, PhDAffiliations: From Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR 97227.Disclosures: Disclosures can also be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-0823. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Erin S. LeBlanc , Elizabeth O'Connor , Evelyn P. Whitlock , Carrie D. Patnode , and Tanya Kapka Effectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in Adults Lewis H. Kuller Effectiveness of Primary Care–Relevant Treatments for Obesity in Adults Alan C. Moses , Yehuda Handelsman , and Daniel Einhorn Metrics 7 February 2012Volume 156, Issue 3Page: 249KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureHypertensionObesitySystematic reviewsWeight gainWeight loss ePublished: 7 February 2012 Issue Published: 7 February 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Shedding of syndecan-1 from human hepatocytes alters very low density lipoprotein clearance
Authors: Yiping Deng, Erin M. Foley, Jon C. Gonzales, Philip L. Gordts, Yulin Li, Jeffrey D. Esko
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We recently showed that the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan–1 mediates hepatic clearance of triglyceride–rich lipoproteins in mice based on systemic deletion of syndecan–1 and hepatocyte–specific inactivation of sulfotransferases involved in heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Here, we show that syndecan–1 expressed on primary human hepatocytes and Hep3B human hepatoma cells can mediate binding and uptake of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Syndecan–1 also undergoes spontaneous shedding from primary human and murine hepatocytes and Hep3B cells. In human cells, phorbol myristic acid induces syndecan–1 shedding, resulting in accumulation of syndecan–1 ectodomains in the medium. Shedding occurs through a protein kinase C–dependent activation of ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17). Phorbol myristic acid stimulation significantly decreases DiD (1,1′–dioctadecyl–3,3,3′,3′–tetramethylindodicarbocyanine perchlorate)–VLDL binding to cells, and shed syndecan–1 ectodomains bind to VLDL. Although mouse hepatocytes appear resistant to induced shedding in vitro , injection of lipopolysaccharide into mice results in loss of hepatic syndecan–1, accumulation of ectodomains in the plasma, impaired VLDL catabolism, and hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion : These findings suggest that syndecan–1 mediates hepatic VLDL turnover in humans as well as in mice and that shedding might contribute to hypertriglyceridemia in patients with sepsis. (Hepatology 2012)
Letter: Hypertension--which arm?
Authors: R A Swallow
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Miracle Cures SIR,-With reference to the opening para- graph of your leading article (5 July, p. 1), a much more likely diagnosis than Parkin- son's disease in the case of the woman com- memorated in St. Luke's Gospel would seem to be some affection of the spine such as ankylosing spondylitis or congenital kyphosis.In the authorized version it says (Chapter 13, v. 11) that she "was bowed together and could in no wise lift up herself," and, after her cure (v. 13),"immediately she was made straight."-Iam, etc., JOHN CAPWELL Aylsham, Norwich Hypertension-Which Arm? SIR,-The following problem was en- countered recently during blood-pressure screening men aged 50-54 in general practice.The blood pressure was measured in both arms in 33 patients and in 25 (76%) of them the diastolic pressure consistently differed between the two arms by at least 10 mm Hg.There was a corresponding variation in systolic pressure.The pressure was usually higher in the right arm than in the left, whichever was monitored first.This seems a generally unrecognized prob- lem both in defining mild hypertension and in monitoring treatment, unless all doctors concerned with the patient use the same arm for all readings.Five men out of 160 were clearly and consistently hypertensive, with diastolic pressures above 105 mm Hg.All were asymptomatic.A further 21 had one high reading.-Iam, etc.,
Role of the Liver in Excretion and Destruction of Digitoxin
Authors: SHIRLEY ST. GEORGE, RENÉ BINE, MEYER FRIEDMAN
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The role of the liver in the excretion and destruction of digitoxin was studied in the rat, rabbit, dog and man (in part). It was found that no more than 10 per cent of a given dose of digitoxin is excreted in the bile of the animals tested and none could be detected in the bile of two human subjects. Evidence was obtained which suggested that in the rat and rabbit, the liver was able to destroy a large amount of injected digitoxin.
RISK OF BRAIN INJURY RELATED TO SILENT CEREBRAL EMBOLIZATION DURING DIAGNOSTIC CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY: DIRECT COMPARISON BETWEEN RIGHT RADIAL AND LEFT RADIAL APPROACH
Authors: Andrea Pacchioni, Antonio Mugnolo, Carlo Penzo, Dimitrios Nikas, Salvatore Sacc&agrave;, Luca Favero, Bernhard Reimers, Francesco Versaci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
How to Be A Respectable Tramp
Authors: G. G. Liddle
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Great puzzles can be savory to those who enjoy enigmas. An enigma resolved ceases to be an enigma, and I am occasionally delighted by the appearance in a medical journal of one of these delicacies, left dangling and shimmering. The latest to catch my eye was, I am sorry to report, not in your journal, but in a contemporary publication from one of the British Isles. I quote: A further patient, who was a respectable tramp, was found in a deserted house hanging by his heels from a hole in the ceiling. He had apparently been in this unusual position for nine hours and subsequently developed acute renal failure. There is little more, nothing relevant. Respectability in tramps is not defined for us, and we are not disturbed by the quandary of how one hangs from a hole, whether the hole be in a ceiling or elsewhere,
Over-reliance on Serum Testing for IgE to Food Allergens Results in Inappropriate Food Elimination Diets
Authors: G.C. Spears, N.K. Miyazawa, M.C. Gleason, E.A. Gyorkos, C.G. Wilson, J.R. Murphy, J.M. Um, D. Atkins, A. Bock, D.Y. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Heart muscle performance after experimental viral myocarditis.
Authors: C O Adesanya, A H Goldberg, W P Phear, K A Thorp, N A Young, W H Abelmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

As part of an inquiry into possible antecedents of idiopathic cardiomyopathy, acute experimental coxsackie virus myocarditis was studied for late structural and functional sequelae. Myocarditis was induced in 12- and 22-day-old hamsters by inoculation with coxsackie virus B3. Early viremia occurred, followed by virus replication in heart muscle. Maximum peak developed tension (Tpd) of isometrically contracting isolated heart muscle was depressed 17 and 43% in the animals inoculated at 12 days, and studied 18 and 90 days later, respectively, as compared to their uninoculated controls. In both infected groups, less muscle stretch was required to reach the length at which Tpd was produced. Animals studied 180 days after inoculation did not differ from controls. The muscles from animals inoculated at 22 days of age and studied 18 days later showed a 15% depression of Tpd compared to their controls. Glycerinated muscles from this infected group developed 50% less tension than their controls. The muscles of hamsters inoculated with virus at 22 days and studied 90 and 180 days later showed no change in Tpd. The data suggest that contractility and compliance of heart muscle are decreased 18 days after inoculation, but recover by 90 days if the animals are inoculated at age 22 days. However, if the animals are inoculated at a younger age (12 days), depression of myocardial performance persists for at least an additional 90 days. It is concluded that the inflammatory stage of experimental acute coxsackie virus B3 myocarditis in the Syrian golden hamster may be followed by residual alterations in contractile proteins and myocardial function.
A more reliable index of sunscreen protection, based on life table analysis of individual sun protection factors
Authors: ESTHER AZIZI, MICHAELA MODAN, A.P. KUSHELEVSKY, MIRIAM SCHEWACH-MILLET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

The efficacy indices of two representative sunscreen preparations were determined using life table analysis of individual sun protection factors (SPF), obtained by exposing a group of subjects to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) doses from 4 to 20 multiples of the control minimal erythema dose (MED). The ultimate efficacy index is expressed as the UVR dose under which a selected percentage of the population is safely protected by a sunscreen. This method takes into account several sources of bias in the current test procedure, in particular the considerable variability in individual responses. It also takes into account subjects in whom the MED of the protected skin is either higher or lower than the range of challenge doses to which they were exposed, thereby increasing the effective sample size. This method provides a more precise and comprehensive index of sunscreen protection, and enables statistical comparison of different preparations, or of the effect of other factors on their efficacy.
Differential Regulation of Vascular Focal Adhesion Kinase by Steady Stretch and Pulsatility
Authors: Stéphanie Lehoux, Bruno Esposito, Régine Merval, Alain Tedgui
Journal: Circulation (2005)

In vivo tensile strain in arteries comprises 2 components: steady stretch and pulsatile stretch. However, little attention has been paid to the differential transduction of these stimuli in whole vessels.Using rabbit aortas maintained in organ culture for 24 hours, we found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was strongly activated by high intraluminal pressure (150 mm Hg), as evidenced by increased phosphorylation (P<0.01) of tyrosine residues Tyr-397 (3.06+/-0.17-fold), Tyr-407 (3.71+/-0.65-fold), Tyr-861 (1.92+/-0.33-fold), and Tyr-925 (2.41+/-0.39-fold), compared with 80 mm Hg controls. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for these phosphotyrosines in the endothelium and innermost smooth muscle cell layers. Total FAK phosphorylation was reduced in vessels at 150 mm Hg by treatment with the Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 or with the integrin-extracellular matrix interaction-blocking RGD peptide, attaining 1.75+/-0.22-fold and 2.00+/-0.19-fold, respectively (P<0.05), compared with 3.07+/-0.38-fold (P<0.001) in untreated vessels. PP2 prevented phosphorylation of Tyr-407 and Tyr-925, whereas RGD peptide abolished phosphorylation of Tyr-397 and Tyr-407. PP2 and RGD peptide also inhibited high pressure-induced binding of FAK with the effector Grb2 and blocked activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 in vessels at 150 mm Hg. In contrast, 10% cyclic stretch in aortas did not induce significant FAK phosphorylation relative to nonpulsatile controls. Furthermore, although ERK1/2 was activated in vessels exposed to pulsatility, it was not blocked by PP2 or RGD peptide treatment.Our results demonstrate that (1) steady and cyclic modes of stretch are transduced differently in the aorta, the former implicating FAK, the latter not, and (2) Src and integrins are involved in steady pressure-induced FAK.
<i>Igβ(CD79b)</i> mRNA expression in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells correlates with immunoglobulin heavy chain gene mutational status but does not serve as an independent predictor of clinical severity
Authors: Isabela Cajiao, Rachel Sargent, Rebecca Elstrom, Nancy E. Cooke, Adam Bagg, Stephen A. Liebhaber
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract The etiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is poorly understood and its course is highly variable. Somatic hypermutation (SHM) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain ( IgV H ) gene and ZAP70 protein expression have been reported as prognostic indicators. However, these assays are not widely available and their concordance is imperfect. Thus a need exists to identify additional molecular determinants of CLL. The Igβ (CD79b) subunit of the B cell antigen receptor is essential for B lymphocyte function. Defects in Igβ expression are implicated in CLL pathogenesis. We have analyzed Igβ mRNA expression in CLL cells in 40 consecutive patient samples. About 75% of the samples showed the expected decrease of Igβ surface staining. Igβ mRNA levels covered a wider range, did not correlate with Igβ surface staining, but clearly distinguished the normal and CLL lymphocyte populations. Remarkably, Igβ mRNA levels correlated strongly with SHM; Igβ mRNA levels in CLL cells were significantly higher in patients with an unmutated IgV H gene when compared with those in whom IgV H was hypermutated (P = 0.008). In contrast, no correlation was observed between Igβ mRNA levels and ZAP70 expression. Multiple parameters abstracted from chart reviews were used to estimate severity of CLL in each case. While severity correlated strongly with ZAP70 staining, and to a lesser extent with SHM status, there was no correlation with Igβ mRNA levels. These data establish a strong linkage between Igβ mRNA expression and SHM in CLL and highlight the complex relationships between biochemical parameters and clinical status in this disease. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Frequency of IgG and IgM autoantibodies to four specific M2 mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: David J. Mutimer, Shelley P. M. Fussey, Stephen J. Yeaman, Peter J. Kelly, Oliver F. W. James, Margaret F. Bassendine
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

We have previously identified four of the M2 antigens in primary biliary cirrhosis as the E2 components (dihydrolipoamide acyltransferases) of pyruvate dehy-drogenase complex, branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehy-drogenase complex and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and the protein X component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (approximate molecular masses: 74, 50, 50 and 52 kD, respectively). In the present study, we have examined by immunoblotting the frequency of IgG and IgM autoantibodies to these four proteins in 129 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (36 histological Stage I, 42 Stage II/III, 51 Stage IV) and 77 controls (49 non-primary biliary cirrhosis chronic liver disease, 16 primary Sjögren’s syndrome, 12 healthy normal women). One hundred twenty-seven of 129 (98%) primary biliary cirrhosis patients had antibodies against at least one of the four M2 polypeptides, compared to 2/77 controls (both had autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and were antimitochondrial antibody positive by indirect immunofluorescence). One hundred twenty-one of 129 (94%) primary biliary cirrhosis sera reacted with the E2 component and protein X of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, 69/129 (53%) primary biliary cirrhosis sera reacted with E2 of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex and 113/129 (88%) reacted with E2 of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Primary biliary cirrhosis patients with histological Stage I disease had a lower incidence of autoantibodies to each M2 protein, compared to more advanced disease (IgG, p &lt; 0.05) but only 2/36 Stage I patients had no anti-M2 antibodies. There was no correlation between the presence of IgG or IgM antibodies to the M2 polypeptides and established prognostic markers in primary biliary cirrhosis (serum bilirubin and albumin levels). The specificity of autoantibodies to the E2 components of all three 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes for primary biliary cirrhosis suggests that a common mechanism or immunological defect underlies the development of this autoimmune disease.