tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isolation and culture of human muscle-derived stem cells able to differentiate into myogenic and neurogenic cell lineages
Authors: Giulio Alessandri, Stefano Pagano, Alessandra Bez, Anna Benetti, Stefano Pozzi, Gioacchin Iannolo, Manuela Baronio, Gloria Invernici, Arnaldo Caruso, Claudio Muneretto, Gianluigi Bisleri, Eugenio Parati
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
AN EVENT THAT CHANGED MY LIFE
Authors: R. Roy
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In June 1950 I was sitting in a tin roofed hut without electricity which used to be my private clinic. A poor looking middle aged man with bare feet entered and asked me whether I was the doctor whom he had been advised to approach to treat his family.

My father had wanted me to practise in rural areas among people who had hardly any health service. Very few patients came to see me at the clinic. I had to make home visits. My fee for a home visit was five rupees (10p). Most of the patients never paid me; instead they offered me a cup of tea.

I realised that the poor farmer was in great distress. He asked me with …
Infectious Complications in Adults with Bone Marrow Transplantation and T-Cell Depletion of Donor Marrow
Authors: JOHN D. PIRSCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

The infectious complications of bone marrow transplantation were reviewed in 43 adults, 22 of whom received transplants from HLA-matched donors without T-cell depletion and 21 of whom received donor marrow pretreated with the murine anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody CT-2 and complement. Recipients of HLA-mismatched, T-cell-depleted transplants had a higher rate of bacteremia (1.33 compared with 0.64 per patient, p = 0.05) and especially systemic fungal infections (0.92 compared with 0.14 per patient, p < 0.001) than recipients of transplants from HLA-identical donors without T-cell depletion; two thirds of these infections occurred during the granulocytopenic period early after transplantation. Recipients of HLA-identical but T-cell-depleted transplants also had significantly more systemic fungal infections (0.77 per patient, p < 0.001). T-cell depletion was associated with delayed engraftment, more prolonged granulocytopenia, and more severe lymphopenia and was shown by stepwise multivariate regression analysis to be the most powerful predictor of systemic fungal infection (r = 0.512, p < 0.0001). Whereas ex-vivo T-cell depletion may reduce the risk of severe graft-versus-host disease, it may predispose the patient to infection, especially with fungi.
Office Practice of Medicine
Authors: David Breitwieser
Journal: JAMA (1982)

An editor or author of a large-scale "comprehensive" work has the difficult task of identifying his intended audience and appropriately answering its need for a text. Dr Branch noted that students and residents at medical centers needed knowledge and skills in outpatient diagnosis and management, a need that the centers' curricula were not fulfilling satisfactorily. He structured his text to meet that need, selecting the "most important and most common problems" for inclusion, to quote his preface. Private practitioners may also benefit from his well-planned endeavor. This text approaches office practice from a problem-oriented perspective, with each chapter or section devoted to a single clinical topic. Where fitting, most of the authors (there are more than 60 contributors to this volume) follow the familiar format of historical features, clinical presentation, etiology and pathophysiology, ancillary tests needed in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and appropriate therapy. The majority of chapters are succinct
Contempo 1997: The Face of Medicine-Reply
Authors: David H. Mark
Journal: JAMA (1997)

ABSTRACT In Reply. —In our Contempo issue, we try to solicit a broad array of articles from authors with diverse opinions, backgrounds, geographic locations, and academic affiliations. Of course, reality interferes with this plan—potential authors decline, and we pursue their suggestions for alternate authors. The editors of the Archives Journals have major input as to who will be invited to write the article in their specialty. Finally, the primary author who agrees to contribute the article (not necessarily the first author) invites their own coauthor.Thus, the tendency of our authors is to continue to mirror the actual pool from which they are drawn—mid-level or higher academic faculty. However, The Journal continues to seek to promote diversity in all aspects of its operations.
The Side Effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the Treatment of Ta T1 Bladder Cancer Do Not Predict its Efficacy: Results from a European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Group Phase III Trial
Authors: Richard J. Sylvester, Adrian P.M. van der Meijden, Wim Oosterlinck, Wolfgang Hoeltl, Aldo V. Bono
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Ventilation/Perfusion Lung Scan Probability Category Distributions in University and Community Hospitals
Authors: VAL J. LOWE, A. GRAY BULLARD, R. EDWARD COLEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The criteria used in the Prospective investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED) study for the interpretation of ventilation/perfusion scans are widely used and the probability of pulmonary embolism is determined from these criteria. The prevalence of pulmonary embolism in the PIOPED study was 33%. To investigate the similarity of patient populations who have ventilation/perfusion scans at one of the medical centers that participated in the PIOPED study and a small community hospital, the authors evaluated the probability category distributions of lung scans at the two institutions. They retrospectively interpreted 54 and 49 ventilation/perfusion lung scans selected from January, 1991, to June, 1992, at Duke University Medical Center and at Central Carolina Hospital, respectively. Studies were interpreted according to the PIOPED criteria. The percentage of studies assigned to each category at Duke University Medical Center and Central Carolina Hospital were 17% and 27% normal or very low probability, 31% and 59% low probability, 39% and 10% Intermediate probability, and 13% and 4% high probability, respectively. The different distribution of probability categories between university and community hospitals suggests that the prevalence of disease may also be different. The post-test probability of pulmonary embolism is related to the prevalence of disease and the sensitivity and specificity of the ventilation/perfusion scan. Because these variables may differ in community hospital settings, the post-test probability of pulmonary embolism as determined by data from the PIOPED study should only be used in Institutions with similar populations. Clinical management based upon the results of the PIOPED study may not be applicable to patients who have ventilation/perfusion scans performed in a community hospital.
An ascorbate-mediated transmembrane-reducing system of the human erythrocyte.
Authors: E P Orringer, M E Roer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Actively metabolizing human erythrocytes catalyze the extracellular reduction of ferricyanide to ferrocyanide. Because neither of these anions can enter the cell, reducing equivalents generated in the course of glycolysis must in some manner be transferred across the cell membrane, thereby resulting in ferricyanide reduction. Work described in this paper suggests that the transmembrane reduction is effected by ascorbic acid. This compound in its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate) rapidly enters the cell. Here it obtains reducing equivalents which appear to come from NADH made available at the level of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Once reduced, it leaves the cell as ascorbic acid and accomplishes the non-enzymatic reduction of ferricyanide.
Efficacy and Cardiac Safety of Propiverine in Elderly Patients &amp;ndash; A Double&amp;ndash;Blind, Placebo&amp;ndash;Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: W. Dorschner, J.U. Stolzenburg, R. Griebenow, M. Halaska, G. Schubert, G. M&uuml;rtz, M. Frank, F. Wieners
Journal: European Urology (2000)
Abstract 3849: HNO Induces a Disulfide Bond Between Cysteine Residues on Actin (Cys 257) and Tropomyosin (Cys 190) Increasing Cardiac Force Development: A Novel, Redox-based Mechanism for Contractile Regulation
Authors: Christopher I Murray, Wei Dong Gao, Xin Zhong, Brian A Stanley, D. Brain Foster, S. Bruce King, David A Wink, Jennifer E Van Eyk, Nazareno Paolocci
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Nitroxyl (HNO) donors increase cardiac inotropy via combined enhancement of SR Ca2+ cycling and myofilament sensitization to Ca2+. HNO reacts with thiols, but the critical -SH targets o...
Helminths as governors of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: J. Buning, N. Homann, D. von Smolinski, F. Borcherding, F. Noack, M. Stolte, M. Kohl, H. Lehnert, D. Ludwig
Journal: Gut (2008)

The incidence of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn′s disease (CD) markedly increased in industrialised countries during the past decades. In contrast to these countries where helminthosis are rare, IBD is still uncommon in global areas where most people carry worms. Thus lack of exposure to parasites may critically contribute to the risk of IBD. In a recent article in Gut, Summers et al. demonstrated efficacy of treatment with Trichuris suis in active CD (Gut 2005;54:87-90). Trichuris suis was additionally shown to be effective in UC in a randomized trial carried out by the same group. Both studies did not address mechanisms of action. Here we present a real life scenario, which supports the impact of helminths in the prevention of IBD, and provide a rationale for the mechanisms of action.
Phlegmonous Gastritis after Indian Ink Marking
Authors: D. Hornig, H. Kühn, O. Stadelmann, R. Bötticher
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

A report is presented on a case of phlegmonous gastritis following gastroscopic Indian ink injection into the mucosa of the stomach in a 60-year-old woman patient wih early gastric carcinoma. The patient was discharged from hospital on the 11th day after Billroth II resection, in good condition. The necessity for disinfection and sterilization of the instruments employed is emphasized; the continued use of Indian ink marking is recommended.
Food for Diabetics.
Authors: John A. Cutter
Journal: JAMA (1897)

New York, May 18, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The articles of Dr. Edward L. Munson in the current numbers deserve attention. It would be better for the profession if the serious chronic diseases were more fully noted and published. I can not fully agree with the Doctor in his deductions, and must put the evidence that has been presented to me against his, and with the evidence which is to come, we will all finally get at the truth. In an experience more or less closely connected with seven cases of diabetes, I have seen a mortality of about 50 per cent. The treatment has been the use of the best of beef, broiled in the form of steaks, or with the white fibrous connective tissues removed (which glue connective tissues ferment), and the lean muscle pulp broiled over a good live bed of coals, so that the resultant cake
Pathophysiology of Endotoxin Shock.
Authors: Robert P. Gilbert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Pathophysiology of Endotoxin Shock.Robert P. Gilbert, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert P. Gilbert, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-327_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe hypotension that is produced in various mammalian species by the administration of gram-negative bacterial endotoxin represents a model for the shock seen in some patients with overwhelming infection. Though endotoxin has many seemingly unrelated effects, profound hypotension may suffice to limit the chances for survival.This hypotension is probably mediated through neural as well as humoral agencies. There are profound effects on vascular smooth muscle, with constriction being particularly apparent in the early phase.In the dog, cat, and probably in monkeys and man, there is a decreased venous return. This reduces cardiac output and is responsible for the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert P. Gilbert, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 327-327KeywordsCardiac outputEndotoxinsGram negative bacterial infectionsHypotensionShockSmooth muscles ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Outcome of liver transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus: A case-control study
Authors: Preeti R. John, Paul J. Thuluvath
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The influence of preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) on outcome after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has not been well defined. The objective of our study was to compare the morbidity and mortality after OLT in 57 patients with preexisting DM (3 type I, 54 type II) with 114 age-, sex-, and race-matched patients without DM (case controls). The demographics were similar in both groups. Pretransplantation serum creatinine was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared with case controls. The incidence of the following complications was significantly higher in the diabetic group after OLT: cardiovascular (61.4% vs. 21.9%, P <.001), major (54.4% vs. 29.8%, P =.002) and minor infections (29.8% vs. 7.9%, P <.0001), renal (59.7% vs. 20.2%, P <.001), ophthalmologic (10.5% vs. 0.9%, P =.01), respiratory (24.6% vs. 7.0%, P =.001), neurologic (31.6% vs. 7.0%, P <.001), hematologic (19.3% vss 2.6%, P =.001), musculoskeletal (24.6% vs. 5.3%, P =.001), and malignancy (22.8% vs. 10.5%, P =.03). The duration of hospital stay, cost of hospitalization, retransplantation, and overall graft survival were similar. Acute rejection was seen in 50.9% of diabetics compared with 25.4% in controls (P =.0009). One-year (87% vs. 77%) and 2-year (81.6% vs. 70.1%) patient survival was similar, but 5-year survival was lower in the DM group (34.4% vs. 67.7%, P =.002). In conclusion, preexisting diabetes is associated with a significant post-OLT morbidity and mortality, and our observations suggest that patients with DM warrant more rigorous pre- and post-OLT evaluation.
THE TREATMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE
Authors: C. S. D. Don
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TREATMENT OF EXOPIITHALiMIC GOITRE.t THE BRi3 11 he found death to be due to asphyxia, while in the remaining 20 cases the skull was not dissected, so that no actual diagnosis was made.Browne, on the basis of an examinationi of 200 stillbirths in the Edinburgh Materniity Hospital, sliowed that cerebral haemorrhage was ten times more commoni in breech than in vertex cases.The moral to be drawn from these observations is that intracranial injuries resulting from the rapid extraction of the after-comi-ng head are a considerably greater source of danger to the child than is asphyxia from delay in the birth of the head.It is generally accepted that the foetus can exist for at least teii minutes without receiving fresh supplies of oxygeni.Bourne, inl his valuable little took, Recent 4drvances in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, refers in this connexion to the apnoeic condition of children born after a prolonged period of " twilight sleep," and who, if left severely alone but merely kept warm, remain motion- less for perhaps ten minutes or a quarter of an hour while the heart beats quite regularly, and then quietly and gradually establish respiratory movements.As one who uses " twilight sleep " to a large extent, I have had a great miany instanices of this, anid I cani conifirmn it abso- lutely.But the application of the matter at present is that it emphasizes the need for care and deliberation in the extraction of the head, and the danger of " hurry."'WHTE ASPHYXIA.Maiiy of you will have read recently in the Bi'iti.shMedical Jourtial a shc'rt correspondenee which followed a letter by Mir.Bouirne in regard to the pallid form of asphyxia-and that is usually the otily serious form.With the main burdell of Mr. Bou-rne's letter I amn in enitire a.greement.There is far too muchi done in the way of violent efforts 'at resuscitation of the asphyxiated child, adii there is nio question in my owin mind that in manjy cases the cilid who is in this conidition of susq)ended ainima- tion actually has the flickerinig spark of life extinLguished by these inisgyided efforts.Clearing out the mucus and liquor amnii from the thioat-by means of a soft rubber suctioin tube, warmth to the surface of the body, aid a little old brandy on the gums and palate, ancl in severe cases the intraiiiusculni injectioni of on-e or two minims of pituitary,extract, have in niiy expelience pv&vled most suc- cessful.'The main general poin1t to remember is, however that infants who pass inLto a colnlditiont of white asphyxia are sUffr1iiig fromi a condition akini to shock, anid should be treated along appropriate lines, wa-rm-th and extreme geniltleness of handling being the eswntials.
Comparison of Enprofylline and Theophylline for Intravenous Treatment of Acute Asthma
Authors: T. Haahtela, K. Venho, G. Eriksson
Journal: Allergy (1986)

Thirty‐nine patients with asthma requiring acute treatment were included in a randomized, double‐blind, paralle1 study which compared the effect of enprofylline (1.0 mg/kg) and theophylline (3.0 mg/kg). The drugs were given intravenously over a period of 10 min. Peak flow (PEF), heart rate and plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined before and after the injection. Both enprofylline and theophylline significantly increased the PEF 30 min after the injection, the mean increases over the baseline values being 21 % and 23 %, respectively. The clinical effects assessed by the patient and the physician and the significant decreases in heart rate were similar for the two drugs. Side effects were rare. Thus, 1.0 mg/kg of enprofylline was comparable to 3.0 mg/kg of theophylline in the treatment of patients with acute asthma.
Perinatal and neonatal mortality.
Authors: J Sluglett
Journal: BMJ (1980)

with patients being followed up who would be just as well managed by their general practitioners-who are responsible for their care for the rest of the time anyway.And, who knows, if the consultant returned to true consulting practice the standards of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in his GP colleagues' practices might just possibly improve.G A C BINNIE Berwick upon Tweed TD15 2LD ' Hodgkin K. Towards earlier diagnosis.
A National Medical Forum
Authors: F. J. L. Blasingame
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Abstract The many heterogeneous segments that influence medicine and its practice in the United States lack adequate means of communication. To relieve this need, and to promote understanding, the purview, responsibilities and privileges of the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association should be greatly expanded. A prestigious body is visualized that will be well informed by a committee structure representing all agencies active in providing medical care. Ample time will be available for deliberation. Such a national medical forum is essential if the problems of medicine are to be met with a coordinated effort.
The Effect on Surrogates of Making Treatment Decisions for Others
Authors: Jerry L. Goddard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters2 August 2011The Effect on Surrogates of Making Treatment Decisions for OthersJerry L. Goddard, MDJerry L. Goddard, MDFrom Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 69206.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Wendler and Rid (1) discussed an issue that I have observed numerous times in the past 40 years, which is compounded at times by the use of hospitalists and referral to tertiary care centers.First, physicians often forget to use the term "we": "We are going to work together to achieve the best possible outcome," or "We will look at the best possible treatments." This communicates that the patient, the family, and the physician are a team—and that the surrogate does not have to work through the problem alone. In addition the clinician should not be afraid ...Reference1. Wendler D, Rid A. Systematic review: the effect on surrogates of making treatment decisions for others. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:336-46. [PMID: 21357911] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 69206.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSystematic Review: The Effect on Surrogates of Making Treatment Decisions for Others David Wendler and Annette Rid The Effect on Surrogates of Making Treatment Decisions for Others Jeffrey T. Berger The Effect on Surrogates of Making Treatment Decisions for Others Ramon S. Dunkin Metrics Cited ByFactors affecting stress experienced by surrogate decision makers for critically ill patients: Implications for nursing practice 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3Page: 206KeywordsConflicts of interestDecision makingHospitalists ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Sequential respiratory, psychologic, and immunologic studies in relation to methyl isocyanate exposure over two years with model development.
Authors: S R Kamat, M H Patel, P V Pradhan, S P Taskar, P R Vaidya, V P Kolhatkar, J P Gopalani, J P Chandarana, N Dalal, M Naik
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Of 113 methyl isocyanate (MIC)-exposed subjects studied initially at Bhopal, India, 79, 56, 68, and 87 were followed with clinical, lung function, radiographic, and immunologic tests at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Though our cohort consisted of subjects at all ages showing a varied severity of initial illness, fewer females and young subjects were seen. Initially all had eye problems, but dominant symptoms were exertional dyspnea, cough, chest pain, sputum, and muscle weakness. A large number showed persistent depression mixed with anxiety, with disturbances of personality parameters. The early radiographic changes were lung edema, overinflation, enlarged heart, pleural scars, and consolidation. The persistent changes seen were interstitial deposits. Lung functions showed mainly restrictive changes with small airway obstruction; there was impairment of oxygen exchange. Oxygen exchange improved at 3-6 months, and spirometry improved at 12 months, only to decline later. The expiratory flow rates pertaining to large and medium airway function improved, but those for small airways remained low. There were changes of alveolitis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on fiber optic bronchoscopy, and in 11 cases positive MIC-specific antibodies to IgM, IgG, and IgE were demonstrated. On follow up, only 48% of the subjects were clinically stable, while 50% showed fluctuations. Thirty-two percent of the subjects had lung function fluctuations. Detailed sequential behavior over 2-4 years was predicted for dyspnea, forced vital capacity, maximum expiratory flow rate (0.25-0.75), peak expiratory flow rate, VO2, and depression score. A model for clinical behavior explained a total variance of 52.4% by using the factors of cough, PCO2 and X-ray zones in addition to above five parameters. The behavior of the railway colony group (1640 patients) revealed a similar pattern of illness. When this observed pattern of changes was transferred to the affected Bhopal city sections (with an equitable age-sex distribution), our model results were again validated. Thus the picture of MIC-induced disease seems similar despite the differences for age-sex and initial severity of illness in our cohort and in the population of Bhopal city as predicted by our model.