tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of leucotriene B4 synthesis by BW 755c does not reduce polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) accumulation induced by monosodium urate crystals.
Authors: M J Forrest, V Zammit, P M Brooks
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals induce an inflammatory response when injected into the rat subcutaneous air pouch, which is characterised by polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) accumulation and plasma leakage. The arachidonic acid metabolites leucotriene B4 (LTB4), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1 alpha, (6-oxo-PGF1 alpha), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) are found in increased concentrations in MSU induced exudates compared with animals injected with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Pretreatment of animals with BW 755c significantly reduced the concentration of both lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase derived arachidonic acid metabolites. Although BW 755c reduced MSU crystal induced plasma leakage, it did not affect PMNL accumulation. Pretreatment of animals with indomethacin selectively inhibited the generation of cyclo-oxygenase derived arachidonic acid metabolites and reduced MSU crystal induced plasma leakage but had no effect on PMNL accumulation. The inhibition of plasma leakage by either BW 755c or indomethacin was reversed by prostaglandin E2 (1 microgram/ml), which itself produced a significant increase in plasma leakage. The injection of purified LTB4 (4 ng/ml or 40 ng/ml) did not induce either plasma leakage or PMNL accumulation within the air pouch. These data suggest that although MSU crystals stimulate LTB4 production, LTB4 is not the mediator of MSU crystal induced PMNL accumulation. Cyclo-oxygenase products of arachidonic acid metabolism (e.g., PGE2), however, appear to play a part in MSU crystal induced plasma leakage.
Gefitinib in Combination with Gemcitabine and Carboplatin in Never Smokers with Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chee-Kian Tham, Su-Pin Choo, Wan-Teck Lim, Chee-Keong Toh, Swan-Swan Leong, Sze-Huey Tan, Hui-Hua Li, Eng-Huat Tan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
TCT-400 Risk of Brain Injury During Diagnostic Coronary Angiography: Comparison Between Single and Double Catheter Strategy During Right Transradial Approach
Authors: Andrea Pacchioni, Carlo Penzo, Antonio Mugnolo, Dimitrios Nikas, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, Salvatore Saccà, Garami Zsolt, Francesco Versaci, Bernhard Reimers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Crohn's disease of the large intestine
Authors: H. E. Lockhart-Mummery, B. C. Morson
Journal: Gut (1964)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS This paper sets out clearly the clinical and pathological features of Crohn's disease of the large intestine as seen in a series of 75 patients.The distinctions from ulcerative colitis are pointed out and the transmural nature of the inflammation in Crohn's disease emphasized, also the importance of anal lesions, which occurred in 81 % of the cases.Absence of the typical sarcoid reaction on one histological examination does not rule out Crohn's disease.This combined clinical and pathological study makes it clear that Crohn's disease is a different disease from ulcerative colitis and that the two do not occur together in the same patient.on August 30,
Education and training of preregistration house officers: the consultants' viewpoint.
Authors: D H Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To determine the opinions, attitudes, and requirements of consultants responsible for preregistration house officers in the light of the General Medical Council's Recommendations on General Clinical Training.A questionnaire was piloted asking 28 questions under the headings professional details, present training arrangements, effectiveness of current training, and perceived help required for implementing the recommendations.Two teaching hospitals and nine district general hospitals in the Yorkshire region.33 consultants (19 physicians, 14 surgeons) responded to an hour long interview.The traditional teaching ward round, with clinical meetings, was the main educational provision for house officers. Under a quarter of respondents provided specific teaching, which rarely exceeded 30 minutes weekly. Many delegated teaching to other junior or non-medical staff. Few consultants assessed the effectiveness of teaching, and feedback to juniors was rudimentary. There was strong support for the apprenticeship system and concern that it should not be downgraded. Appointing educational supervisors and introducing a structured educational programme were approved theoretically. Pressure on consultants to work faster, participate in audit and management, and accept financial responsibility for their clinical work, coupled with the reduction in junior doctors' hours, were considered to militate against educational developments. Many respondents felt frustrated and powerless. They would welcome an increased educational role but considered there must be conceptual, contractual, and financial changes.Fundamental changes are required by both consultants and management before the preregistration year can have proper educational value. Training in educational methods for consultants and a structured curriculum and formative assessment for trainees require recognition and financial support.
Mutation in the iron responsive element of the L ferritin mRNA in a family with dominant hyperferritinaemia and cataract
Authors: Carole Beaumont, Patricia Leneuve, Isabelle Devaux, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Michel Berthier, Marie-Noelle Loiseau, Bernard Grandchamp, Dominique Bonneau
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Silent Abruptio Placentae With Marked Hypofibrinogenemia
Authors: Arthur L. Wisot
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Two patients had severe, yet silent, premature separation of the placenta with marked hypofibrinogenemia early in pregnancy. These cases of abruptio placentae occurred before the 28th week of gestation and despite minimal symptomotology. The quantitative chemical determination for fibrinogen appears to be the most reliable test to detect hypofibrinogenemia if the blood levels are not in the range of the minimal values for hemostasis.
The Hypocholesterolemic Effects of β-Glucan-Reply
Authors: Michael H. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  —The issues raised by Drs Sacks and Swain have been addressed in the Results and Comment sections of our article. Our objective was to determine if a dose-response relationship exists for the hypocholesterolemic effects of oat cereals rich in the water soluble fiber β-glucan. We did not isocalorically control for the higher doses of the oat cereals; however, we believe that our study supports an independent hypocholesterolemic effect for β-glucan for several reasons. There was a highly significant relationship ( r =.81) between the amount of β-glucan consumed and the reduction in LDL-C levels. If we tested the hypothesis of fat replacement as suggested by Sacks and Swain with our study's data, the correlation coefficient between the dose of oat cereals consumed (28, 56, and 84 g) and the reduction in LDL-C levels is .63. Therefore, our data support the β-glucan hypothesis more than the substitution hypothesis. In addition, the
Comment on: Pan et al. Bidirectional Association Between Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1171–1180
Authors: Tomoyuki Kawada
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Pan et al. (1) recently concluded a meta-analysis on the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome (MetS), targeting 29 cross-sectional and 11 cohort studies. They calculated the pooled odds ratio using random-effects models. Then, they speculated the mechanism of the cause-effect relationship between the two.

But before accepting their comments, I want to point out the fragility of this meta-analysis. …
Renewed control efforts emphasize 'unrecognized' influenza threat
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Recent Visit With Dr. Albert Schweitzer
Authors: N. William Wawro
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fully Deleted Adenovirus Persistently Expressing GAA Accomplishes Long-Term Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Correction in Tolerant and Nontolerant GSD-II Mice
Authors: Anne Kiang, Zachary C. Hartman, Shaoxi Liao, Fang Xu, Delila Serra, Donna J. Palmer, Philip Ng, Andrea Amalfitano
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Glycogen storage disease type II (GSD-II) patients manifest symptoms of muscular dystrophy secondary to abnormal glycogen storage in cardiac and skeletal muscles. For GSD-II, we hypothesized that a fully deleted adenovirus (FDAd) vector expressing hGAA via nonviral regulatory elements (PEPCK promoter/ApoE enhancer) would facilitate long-term efficacy and decrease propensity to generate anti-hGAA antibody responses against hepatically secreted hGAA. Intravenous delivery of FDAdhGAA into GAA-tolerant or nontolerant GAA-KO mice resulted in long-term hepatic secretion of hGAA. Specifically, nontolerant mice achieved complete reversal of cardiac glycogen storage and near-complete skeletal glycogen correction for at least 180 days and tolerant mice for minimally 300 days coupled with the preservation of muscle strength. Anti-hGAA antibody levels in both mouse strains were significantly less relative to those previously generated by CMV-driven hGAA expression in nontolerant GAA-KO mice. However, plasma GAA levels decreased in nontolerant GAA-KO mice despite long-term intrahepatic GAA expression from the persistent vector. This intriguing result is discussed in light of other examples of "tolerance" induction by gene-transfer-based approaches.
Assessment of Birmingham Medical Students
Authors: W. H. Trethowan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

At Birmingham University since 1966 the major medical examinations began to be replaced by a process of continuous assessment. This is based on fairly frequent tests, usually at the end of each course, including short essay questions, multiple-choice questions, and tests of ability in wards and laboratory. At the end of the first final-year course 96 students underwent assessment. Of these 77 passed; 19 were referred for re-examination, of whom a further 12 passed subsequently. The scheme was found suitable by both teachers and external examiners.
Predictors of Automobile Crashes and Moving Violations among Elderly Drivers
Authors: Richard A. Marottoli
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To identify the factors associated with automobile crashes, moving violations, and being stopped by police in a cohort of elderly drivers. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Urban community. Participants: All 283 persons who drove between 1990 and 1991, selected from a representative cohort of community-living persons aged 72 years and older in New Haven, Connecticut. Measurements: Data on independent variables in five domains (demographic, health, psychosocial, activity, and physical performance) were collected in structured interviews before events occurred. The outcome measure was the self-report of involvement in automobile crashes, moving violations, or being stopped by police in a 1-year period. Results: Of the 283 drivers, 13% reported a crash, a moving violation, or being stopped by police in 1 year. The baseline factors associated with the occurrence of adverse events in multivariable analysis (with adjustment for driving frequency and housing type) were the following: poor design copying on the Mini-Mental State Examination (relative risk, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.0), fewer blocks walked (relative risk, 2.3; CI, 1.3 to 4.0), and more foot abnormalities (relative risk, 1.9; CI, 1.1 to 3.3). These risk factors were combined for assessment of their ability to predict the occurrence of adverse driving events. If no factors were present, 6% of drivers had events; if 1 factor was present, 12% had events; if 2 factors were present, 26% had events; and if 3 factors were present, 47% had events. Conclusions: In this urban population, several simple clinical measures correlated with the risk for adverse driving events.
An engineering approach to controlling indoor air quality.
Authors: J E Woods
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Evidence is accumulating that indicates air quality problems in residential and commercial buildings are nearly always associated with inadequacies in building design and methods of operation. Thus, the very systems depended on to control the indoor environment can become indirect sources of contamination if diligence is not exercised at each stage of a building's life: a) planning and design, b) construction and commissioning, c) operation, and d) demolition or renovation. In this paper, an engineering perspective is presented in which the existing building stock is characterized in terms of its environmental performance. Preliminary data indicate that 20 to 30% of the existing buildings have sufficient problems to manifest as sick-building syndrome or building-related illness, while another 10 to 20% may have undetected problems. Thus, only about 50 to 70% of the existing buildings qualify as healthy buildings. Two methods and three mechanisms of control are described to achieve
Evaluation of Plain Abdominal Radiographs in the Diagnosis of Abdominal Pain
Authors: Ronald L. Eisenberg, Paul Heineken, Marcus W. Hedgcock, Michael Federle, Henry I. Goldberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

In an effort to develop referral criteria for the ordering of abdominal radiographs for patients presenting with abdominal symptoms, we prospectively studied the relation between clinical data and radiographic abnormalities. Of 1780 examinations, 179 (10.0%) showed some radiographic abnormality. If abdominal radiographs would have been limited to those patients who had moderate or severe abdominal tenderness, or to patients with a high clinical suspicion of bowel obstruction, renal or ureteral calculi, trauma, ischemia, or gallbladder disease, regardless of the degree of tenderness, 956 (53.7%) examinations would not have been done. All radiographic abnormalities reflecting a serious pathologic process would have been identified. Only 33 (3.5%) abnormalities of limited significance, almost all localized or generalized ileus, would have been undetected. The adoption of these referral criteria would result in minimal loss of clinically useful information, large financial savings, and a reduction in radiation exposure.
1087-108 Enhanced instability of membranous type 1 matrix metalloproteinase in response to mechanical loading in left ventricular myocardium
Authors: Toshihiro Tsuruda, Lisa C Costello-Boerrigter, Ondrej Lisy, Brenda K Huntley, Margaret M Redfield, John C Burnett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
One man's schizophrenic illness.
Authors: S Hayes
Journal: BMJ (1979)

effective, but not all families are willing to tolerate the consequent nocturnal disruption.I disagree that children under 7 or 8 are in- different to their wet beds; facts elicited by a more than superficial inquiry suggest otherwise.To claim, as the authors do, that the use of these "dangerous drugs" for children under 8 "cannot be justified" is not correct.There is practically no danger with proper dosage, and proper dosage can easily be ensured if we prescribe unattractive tablets rather than tasty syrup.
"MILKER'S WARTS": INFECTION FROM "FALSE COWPOX" WITH A PARAVACCINAL VIRUS.
Authors: Poull Bonnevie
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1937)

Journal Article “MILKER'S WARTS“: INFECTION FROM “FALSE COWPOX” WITH A PARAVACCINAL VIRUS. Get access Poull Bonnevie, M.D. Poull Bonnevie, M.D. Department of Dermatology, The Finsen Institute, Copenhagen. (Chief: Svend Lomholt, M.D.) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 49, Issue 4, 1 April 1937, Pages 164–176, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1937.tb11174.x Published: 01 April 1937
Uterine Perforation by Intrauterine Devices
Authors: Michael L. Richardson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> David Zakin, MD, and colleagues described the clinical and radiological workup of perforated and embedded intrauterine devices (IUDs) in a recent issue ofThe Journal(1982;247:2144). They stated that the procedure of choice for demonstrating uterine perforation by an IUD is hysterosalpingography (HSG). I agree that in some cases HSG may be the only definitive way to demonstrate a partial perforation. However, computed tomography (CT) is also capable of identifying uterine perforation by an IUD. Two colleagues and I<sup>1</sup>recently reported such a case. The patient was positioned in the scanner by means of a digital scout view of the pelvis. The accuracy of this method of positioning allowed us to definitely diagnose a perforation after a single CT "slice." Not only is CT a speedier examination than HSG, but it is also less invasive, more comfortable to the patient, and delivers a lower gonadal radiation
Pitfalls in the Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: ARTHUR H. GRIEP
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy is uncertain at best and is largely based on useful clues. Reliance on the presence or absence of abnormally high QRS voltage or any of the other presently accepted criteria may lead to error. The author undertook evaluation of the reliability of the various electrocardiographic criteria, of left ventricular hypertrophy in a study correlating electrocardiographic and postmortem findings.
THE PREVENTION OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN PREDISPOSED CHILDREN.
Authors: JOHN A. ROBISON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Before the discovery of the bacillus tuberculosis heredity was supposed to be of great importance as a causal factor of tuberculosis, but its importance is rapidly fading into the distance in the opinion of bacteriologists and phthisiologists, who believe more in the direct contagion theory. Norbury states that "in the light of modern scientific inquiry infection has supplanted direct heredity as the etiological factor<i>par excellence</i>in tuberculosis." Direct transmission of the bacillus is claimed to be extremely rare, although authorities agree that this rarity will be less when the observations have been more extensive. It is claimed that cases of tuberculosis occurring during childhood are due to direct or indirect infection in nearly all cases, statisticians claiming the infection occurs in an increasing ratio during the first and second years of life from 9 to 38 per cent. The pendulum has been swinging toward the bacillary origin of the
Ovarian (Corpus Luteum) Hemorrhage During Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: DONALD D. TRESCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Corpus luteum hemorrhage is a complication of long-term anticoagulant therapy that has rarely been reported in the literature. Within 16 months, we saw six cases in which young women taking anticoagulants to prevent clotting of prosthetic heart valves suffered corpus luteum hemorrhages. Diagnosis was difficult and delayed. Medication stopped the bleeding in three patients; bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was necessary in the remaining three. Our patients had great difficulty controlling their anticoagulant therapy and had histories of previous bleeding episodes. We believe corpus luteum hemorrhage may become more common as more premenopausal women undergo cardiac valvular surgery.
Hypoxic modulation of cardiac -type Ca current: Interaction of reactive oxygen species and β-adrenergic signaling
Authors: R MALLET
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

See article by Hool et al.  [5]  (pages 624–635) in this issue .

Sarcolemmal L -type Ca2+ channels are integral components of the excitation–contraction coupling mechanism in cardiomyocytes. Membrane depolarization to −30 mV opens these channels [1], allowing rapid influx of Ca2+ which peaks within 2–3 ms [2]. This inward Ca2+ current ( I Ca) produces the plateau phase of the cardiomyocyte action potential and triggers a massive release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ channels, arrayed in close proximity to the L -type channels. The resultant cytosolic Ca2+ transient activates crossbridge cycling and mechanical force production by the contractile machinery and inactivates the L -type Ca2+ current [2]. Cardiac L -type channels contain four subunits (α1C, α2, β2, δ) [1,2]. Each of the four homologous domains of the large α1C subunit harbor six membrane-spanning α helices; helices 5 and 6 of the four α1C domains combine to form a Ca2+ pore [2].

L -type Ca2+ current is physiologically regulated by protein kinases that covalently modify the α1C subunit to modulate intrinsic channel gating properties. β-Adrenergic activity increases I Ca via protein kinase A phosphorylation of Ser-1928 of α1C [2] (Fig. 1), which shifts gating behavior of the channels from mode 0 (rarely or never open) to modes 1 (low open probability; channels open only briefly) and 2 (high open probability; prolonged opening of channels) [1,3]. This mechanism contributes importantly to β-adrenergic enhancement of myocardial contractile performance. Protein kinase C may phosphorylate Thr-27 and/or Thr-31 near the amino terminus of α1C, producing either … 

*Tel.: +1 817 735 2260; fax: +1 817 735 5084. Email address: malletr{at}hsc.unt.edu
Outbreak of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 pneumonia in a United Kingdom school
Authors: A. Gupta, F-M Khaw, E L Stokle, R C George, R Pebody, R E Stansfield, C L Sheppard, M Slack, R Gorton, D A Spencer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Healthcare workers and teachers should report suspected outbreaks of serotype 1 pneumococcal disease early, and childhood immunisation should be considered