tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pre-hospital administration of adrenaline (epinephrine) by emergency medical services for patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest in Japan: controlled propensity matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: S. Nakahara, J. Tomio, H. Takahashi, M. Ichikawa, M. Nishida, N. Morimura, T. Sakamoto
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objectives</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of pre-hospital adrenaline (epinephrine) administered by emergency medical services to patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest. <b>Design</b> Controlled propensity matched retrospective cohort study, in which pairs of patients with or without (control) adrenaline were created with a sequential risk set matching based on time dependent propensity score. <b>Setting</b> Japan's nationwide registry database of patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest registered between January 2007 and December 2010. <b>Participants</b> Among patients aged 15-94 with out of hospital cardiac arrest witnessed by a bystander, we created 1990 pairs of patients with and without adrenaline with an initial rhythm of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VF/VT) and 9058 pairs among those with non-VF/VT. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Overall and neurologically intact survival at one month or at discharge, whichever was earlier. <b>Results</b> After propensity matching, pre-hospital administration of adrenaline by emergency medical services was associated with a higher proportion of overall survival (17.0% <i>v</i> 13.4%; unadjusted odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1.60) but not with neurologically intact survival (6.6% <i>v</i> 6.6%; 1.01, 0.78 to 1.30) among those with VF/VT; and higher proportions of overall survival (4.0% <i>v</i> 2.4%; odds ratio 1.72, 1.45 to 2.04) and neurologically intact survival (0.7% <i>v</i> 0.4%; 1.57, 1.04 to 2.37) among those with non-VF/VT. <b>Conclusions</b> Pre-hospital administration of adrenaline by emergency medical services improves the long term outcome in patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest, although the absolute increase of neurologically intact survival was minimal.
“If I Had Only Known” — On Choice and Uncertainty in the ICU
Authors: Jesse M. Raiten, Mark D. Neuman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

After receiving a ventricular assist device, a patient experiences months of advances and setbacks in the ICU. She's one of a new subcategory of ICU patients: the chronically critically ill. Their stories reveal shortcomings of common perspectives on medical decision making.
An Address on Excision of the Knee-Joint in Middle Life: Jamming the Bones: Delivered before the Southern Branch of the British Medical Association
Authors: J. W. Cousins
Journal: BMJ (1896)

Senior Surgeon to the Royal Portsmouth Hospital.GENTLEMEN,-The three patients I am going to show you to- day were all admitted under my care into the Royal Ports- mouth Hospital for amputation, and I had to practise a great deal of persuasion before they would permit me to make any effort to save their limbs.The first patient (Fig. I) was 39 years of age at the time of the operation, the second was 47 years (Fig. 2), and the third was in his 5sst year (Figs. 3 and 4).Now excision in middle life is not generally con-
Abstract 3249: Design and synthesis of imidazopyridine derivatives as novel HSP90 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Xiong Cai, Hai-Xiao Zhai, Jing Wang, Maria Samson, Ruzanna Atoyan, Jeffrey Forrester, Hui Qu, Ling Yin, Dagong Wang, Brian Zifcak, Steven DellaRocca, Guang-Xin Xu, Cheng-Jung Lai, Rudi Bao, Marie-Paule Simonin, Mitchell Keegan, Carmen V. Pepicelli, Changgeng Qian
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in folding and stabilization of a wide range of client proteins, including key proteins involved in cancer. Through structure-based design, we synthesized a novel imidazopyridine class of potent HSP90 inhibitors. The synthesis and SAR surrounding this class of compounds will be discussed. The extensive SAR study and lead optimization resulted in the identification of the development candidate CUDC-305, later renamed Debio 0932. Debio 0932 displays high oral bioavailability (96% in mouse), high drug concentrations and a prolonged half-life (20 hr) in tumor tissues. In vitro, Debio 0932 displays potent HSP90 inhibitory activity (IC50, 100 nM) as well as anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing activities against a broad range of cancer cell lines (IC50, 40 – 900 nM). In vivo, Debio 0932 is highly effective against various cancer models including NSCLC, AML, breast and colorectal cancers, as well as brain cancers, benefited by its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier to reach therapeutic levels in brain tissue. Debio 0932 also exhibits high selectivity and a favorable safety profile. It was therefore selected as a drug candidate and is currently in Phase 1 clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3249. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3249
HENLE'S REACTION OF THE CHROMAFFIN CELLS IN THE ADRENALS, AND THE MICROSCOPIC TEST FOR ADRENALIN
Authors: Tomosaburo Ogata, Akira Ogata
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

We have established the fact that the chrome reaction as well as the silver and osmium reactions are merely reductions by adrenalin. In our opinion the naming of the cells giving a positive reaction should not be based upon the reaction i.e., chromaffin cells), but on the presence of adrenalin itself. Biedl's terms, adrenal cell, adrenal organ, adrenal body, adrenal system, and also Bonnamour's term, adrenalin-producing cells, are appropriate in this respect. We propose the names adrenalin cell, adrenalin tissue, adrenalin system, thereby indicating the presence of adrenalin.
Warren Howard Redding
Authors: A. Cope
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The sudden death at age 58 of Warren Howard Redding, associate specialist in charge of the minor injuries unit at Stamford Hospital, has saddened the community and his loving family.

A popular doctor, born in Putney, west London, to general practitioner father Warren and radiographer mother Stella, Howard Redding had an eclectic bilingual upbringing. He and his sister, Penelope, both attended the Lycee Francais Charles de Gaulle in South Kensington and followed in their father’s footsteps to study medicine …
HIV seroconversion among high-risk women in New York City
Authors: J. Weedon
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in men and women may predict the magnitude of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, to evaluate the efficacy of prevention programs and to design vaccine trials. Surveys of HIV-1 seroincidence in small samples of high-risk women in the United States outside New York City (NYC) have reported annual rates of 3% to 5%.<sup>1,2</sup>Six-month seroincidence among 377 women attending a NYC public clinic for sexually transmitted diseases was 1.7%.<sup>3</sup> We have estimated the HIV seroconversion rate among high-risk, HIV-negative women in NYC as part of the NYC Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study. Pregnant women at risk for HIV infection (having a history of injection drug use [IDU], crack cocaine use, or sexual exposure to a man with history of IDU) were enrolled at six NYC hospitals between 1986 and 1992 as controls in a prospective study of
Rubella Vaccine and Facial Paresthesias
Authors: LINDA MORTON-KUTE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1985Rubella Vaccine and Facial ParesthesiasLINDA MORTON-KUTE, M.D.LINDA MORTON-KUTE, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-4-563_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1979, the rubella vaccine grown in duck embryos (HPV-77:DE 5) was replaced by the human diploid cell culture vaccine (RA 27/3) as the immunogen of choice in the United States. Neurologic side effects are infrequent, transient, and usually restricted to the extremities (1). I report a case of paresthesias in the distribution of the left trigeminal nerve that occurred in a 35-year-old woman after vaccination with RA 27/3 rubella vaccine.A healthy 35-year-old white woman had had a negative rubella titer by the latex-agglutination method on 19 March, 1984 and received 0.5 mL of rubella vaccine...References1. GRANDWYLLGEHLBACH MSS. Clinical reactions following rubella vaccination. JAMA. 1972;200:1569-72. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HODGES G. Brachial neuritis following rubella. Br Med J. 1940;1:548. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SPEIER J. Complications of rubella vaccination. JAMA. 1970;213:2272. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KILROYSCHAFFNERFLEET AWW. Two syndromes following rubella immunization. JAMA. 1970;214:2287-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GILMARTINJABBOURDUENAS RJD. Rubella vaccine myeloradiculoneuritis. Neurology. 1971;21:424. Google Scholar6. GILMARTINJABBOURDUENAS RJD. Rubella vaccine myeloradiculoneuritis. J Pediat. 1972;80:406-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn, NY 11203 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHeavy Metal Antagonists and Miscellaneous DrugsRubella VaccinesMeasles, mumps, and rubella vaccinesDrug-induced ocular side effectsRubella vaccineNeurologic Complications of ImmunizationRubella vaccineDrug-induced ocular side effectsImmunobiological preparations 1 April 1985Volume 102, Issue 4Page: 563-563KeywordsCell culturesEmbryosNervesRubellaRubella vaccineVaccines Issue Published: 1 April 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Five-year winter chemoprophylaxis for chronic bronchitis
Authors: R. N. Johnston, R. S. McNeill, D. H. Smith, M. B. Dempster, J. R. Nairn, M. S. Purvis, J. M. Watson, F. G. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Seventy-nine patients with chronic bronchitis were randomly allotted to four treatment regimens—placebo throughout the winter months for five years; tetracycline for the first two winters and placebo for the next three; placebo for the first two winters and tetracycline for the next three; and tetracycline for five winters. In addition all groups recevied a five-day course of tetracycline for any acute exacerbation. There was a significant reduction in the number of exacerbations among the more susceptible patients—that is, those who suffered more than one exacerbation each winter. Though the average decline in F.E.V.<sub>1</sub> over the five-year period was less in the treated groups this was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the groups in respect of lung volumes, diffusing capacity, and blood gases.
<i>ARG1</i> Is a Novel Bronchodilator Response Gene
Authors: Augusto A. Litonjua, Jessica Lasky-Su, Kady Schneiter, Kelan G. Tantisira, Ross Lazarus, Barbara Klanderman, John J. Lima, Charles G. Irvin, Stephen P. Peters, John P. Hanrahan, Stephen B. Liggett, Gregory A. Hawkins, Deborah A. Meyers, Eugene R. Bleecker, Christoph Lange, Scott T. Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Inhaled beta-agonists are one of the most widely used classes of drugs for the treatment of asthma. However, a substantial proportion of patients with asthma do not have a favorable response to these drugs, and identifying genetic determinants of drug response may aid in tailoring treatment for individual patients.To screen variants in candidate genes in the steroid and beta-adrenergic pathways for association with response to inhaled beta-agonists.We genotyped 844 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 111 candidate genes in 209 children and their parents participating in the Childhood Asthma Management Program. We screened the association of these SNPs with acute response to inhaled beta-agonists (bronchodilator response [BDR]) using a novel algorithm implemented in a family-based association test that ranked SNPs in order of statistical power. Genes that had SNPs with median power in the highest quartile were then taken for replication analyses in three other asthma cohorts.We identified 17 genes from the screening algorithm and genotyped 99 SNPs from these genes in a second population of patients with asthma. We then genotyped 63 SNPs from four genes with significant associations with BDR, for replication in a third and fourth population of patients with asthma. Evidence for association from the four asthma cohorts was combined, and SNPs from ARG1 were significantly associated with BDR. SNP rs2781659 survived Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (combined P value = 0.00048, adjusted P value = 0.047).These findings identify ARG1 as a novel gene for acute BDR in both children and adults with asthma.
The treatment of hypermelanosis with 4-isopropylcatechol
Authors: STANLEY S. BLEEHEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Over the past 6 years sixty-eight patients have been treated with 1% or 3% 4-isopropylcatechol (4-IPC). Fifty-four had melasma, the others a variety of disorders of pigmentation. Two-thirds of the patients were significantly improved. Twenty patients had skin irritation due to 4-IPC and four developed an allergic contact dermatitis. One patient developed confetti-like areas of depigmentation in the 4-IPC-treated areas. Light and electron microscopic studies showed that in the 4-IPC-treated areas there was a loss and damage of the melanocytes, but the keratinocytes and Langerhans cells were unaffected. Melanosomal complexes containing many melanosomes were frequently found in the keratinocytes of the 4-IPC-treated negro skin. 4-Isopropylcatechol is a potent depigmenting agent and is of use in the topical therapy of selected patients with hypermelanosis. However, like other substituted phenols and hydroquinone it is irritant to the skin and should be used with caution.
TWO CASES OF PRURIGO SIMPLEX CHRONICUS (BROCQ)
Authors: WILFRID B. WARDE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1902)

Journal Article TWO CASES OF PRURIGO SIMPLEX CHRONICUS (BROCQ) Get access WILFRID B. WARDE, M.D., M.R.C.P. WILFRID B. WARDE, M.D., M.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 14, Issue 2, 1 February 1902, Pages 43–55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1902.tb16426.x Published: 01 February 1902
Missing KIR ligands are associated with less relapse and increased graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following unrelated donor allogeneic HCT
Authors: Jeffery S. Miller, Sarah Cooley, Peter Parham, Sherif S. Farag, Michael R. Verneris, Karina L. McQueen, Lisbeth A. Guethlein, Elizabeth A. Trachtenberg, Michael Haagenson, Mary M. Horowitz, John P. Klein, Daniel J. Weisdorf
Journal: Blood (2007)
Spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: different clinical manifestations, similar cytokine network
Authors: R. Moura, R. Cascao, I. Perpetuo, H. Canhao, E. Vieira-Sousa, A. Mourao, A. Rodrigues, J. Polido-Pereira, J. P. da Silva, H. Rosario, M. Souto-Carneiro, L. Graca, J. Fonseca
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> The reasons for the phenotypic differences between spondyloarthritis (SpA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are still unclear. Slight divergences in cytokine networks driving the pathologies might contribute to the distinct clinical manifestations and may represent new treatment opportunities. <h3>Objectives</h3> The main goal of this work was to compare serum and synovial cytokines in established SpA and RA patients. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> The concentration of a panel of cytokines was measured in the serum of SpA and RA patients, as well as in synovial fluid from SpA, RA and osteoarthritis patients. <h3>Results</h3> The authors found that SpA and RA patients shared a similar pattern of cytokine concentration, with the exception of higher levels of interleukin-21 in the synovial fluid of RA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results suggest that although SpA and RA are chronic inflammatory diseases with clearly distinct clinical manifestations, both pathologies share a similar cytokine profile, including Th17-related cytokines.
CONSTITUTION AND HEART DISEASE
Authors: Marcus Backer
Journal: JAMA (1935)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A recent editorial inThe Journal(January 19, p. 221) deals with a publication on constitution and heart disease by Raymond Pearl and Antonio Ciocco, who examined a number of cases of heart disease regardless of type and etiology and found no relationship between heart disease and body build. Permit me to point out what appears to me to be the basic error that underlies the study of these authors as well as the editorial opinion concurring with their conclusions. It would be totally unreasonable to any student of medicine to search for a possible constitutional type in a group of cases of pulmonary disease comprising patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary neoplasms, lung abscess, pleurisy, pneumonoconiosis, emphysema, and other diseases. Such a study would certainly fail to reveal any relationship between pulmonary disease and any single constitutional body type. Such a study would be a
Current Oxygen Prescribing Practices
Authors: Morton S. Skorodin
Journal: JAMA (1986)

REGULATIONS and prescribing practices dealing with long-term home and ambulatory oxygen supplementation for patients with chronic lung disease are currently in a state of flux. Clearly, the move is on to limit this modality as much as possible because of its great expense. <h3>Changes in Oxygen Reimbursement Policy</h3> As recently as March 1985, Petty<sup>1</sup>recommended the following patient selection criteria: (1) stable clinical state with optimum medical therapy, eg, bronchodilator, antibiotics, corticosteroids (if indicated), and freedom from exacerbations of bronchitis or heart failure; (2) arterial blood gas analysis conducted on at least two occasions with the subject breathing room air for at least 20 minutes; (3) room-air arterial oxygen pressure (Pao<sub>2</sub>) consistently (three weeks or more) less than 55 mg Hg or consistently 55 to 59 mm Hg with clinical diagnosis of cor pulmonale, a hematocrit exceeding 55%, or both (entry criteria for the Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial
The Antiarrhythmic Properties of Lidocaine and Procaine Amide
Authors: DONALD C. HARRISON, J. HENRY SPROUSE, ANDREW G. MORROW
Journal: Circulation (1963)

The effects of lidocaine (Xylocaine) and procaine amide on arterial pressure, myocardial contractile force, and ventricular excitability were studied in 12 patients undergoing cardiac operations. Both compounds resulted in an increase in the stimulation threshold of the ventricle during diastole and neither caused a significant change in the duration of the absolute refractory period. Lidocaine, in doses of 1.0 to 2.0 mg./Kg., produced no significant circulatory depression but every patient given procaine amide (2.0 or 4.0 mg./Kg.) evidenced a fall in arterial pressure and a decrease in the contractile force of the right ventricle. These physiologic observations and clinical experiences with the use of lidocaine indicate that it is an effective antiarrhythmic agent and that it is preferable to procaine amide in the management of ventricular arrhythmias that occur during and following cardiac operations.
Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonists Prevent In Vivo Remodeling of Human Artery Induced by Alloreactive T Cells
Authors: Zuzana Tobiasova, Lufeng Zhang, Tai Yi, Linfeng Qin, Thomas D. Manes, Sanjay Kulkarni, Marc I. Lorber, Frederick C. Rodriguez, Je-Min Choi, George Tellides, Jordan S. Pober, Ivana Kawikova, Alfred L.M. Bothwell
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Ligands activating the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) have antiinflammatory effects. Vascular rejection induced by allogeneic T cells can be responsible for acute and chronic graft loss. Studies in rodents suggest that PPARγ agonists may inhibit graft vascular rejection, but human T-cell responses to allogeneic vascular cells differ from those in rodents, and the effects of PPARγ in human transplantation are unknown.We tested the effects of PPARγ agonists on human vascular graft rejection using a model in which human artery is interposed into the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient mice, followed by adoptive transfer of allogeneic (to the artery donor) human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Interferon-γ-dependent rejection ensues within 4 weeks, characterized by intimal thickening, T-cell infiltrates, and vascular cell activation, a response resembling clinical intimal arteritis. The PPARγ agonists 15-deoxy-prostaglandin-J(2), ciglitazone, and pioglitazone reduced intimal expansion, intimal infiltration of CD45RO(+) memory T cells, and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. The PPARγ antagonist GW9662 reversed the protective effects of PPARγ agonists, confirming the involvement of PPARγ-mediated pathways. In vitro, pioglitazone inhibited both alloantigen-induced proliferation and superantigen-induced transendothelial migration of memory T cells, indicating the potential mechanisms of PPARγ effects.Our results suggest that PPARγ agonists inhibit allogeneic human memory T cell responses and may be useful for the treatment of vascular graft rejection.
Acute monocytic leukemia: A surface marker study
Authors: Ila Mirchandani, Pamela Tabaczka, Margarita Palutke
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Thirteen cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were studied morphologically, cytochemically, and immunologically in an attempt to determine similarities and/or differences between acute monocytic and lymphocytic leukemias. Single class surface immunoglobulins (IgG kappa) were seen in six cases. These markers are thought to represent serum immunoglobulins attached to the leukemic monocytes via the receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin and are not synthesized by the cells as is the case with B lymphocytes. Receptors for complement were also noted. It appears that surface immunoglobulins and receptors for the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin and complement, which are found on several classes of normal lymphocytes and monocytes, may also be found on leukemic monocytes. Antisera to B lymphocytes, detecting HLA‐DRw antigens, also reacted with some of the leukemic monocytes.
Out of Africa Comes the Fruit of Long Research: Possible Self-reliant Control of Schistosomiasis
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ABSTRACT AFTER MOVING at a snail's pace for 25 years, efforts to control schistosomiasis through the use of a made-in-Africa, plant-based molluscicide are inching nearer their goal. Ethiopian researcher Aklilu Lemma, ScD, presented the results of his long struggle for the acceptance of endod at a symposium entitled Science in Africa: Achievements and Prospects at this year's meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in Washington, DC.Endod is the Ethiopian name for the soapberry plant (Phytolacca dodecandra), a climber with hanging branches whose dried berries, powdered and mixed with water, have provided the traditional laundry detergent for generations of Africans. The plant is a close relative of Phytolacca americana, which is known in the United States as pokeweed.Lemma, who was trained in pathology with emphasis on tropical diseases at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md, has worked extensively in this country. However, it was in Ethiopia that