tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of hepatitis C virus RNA in the supernatant and the cryoprecipitate of patients with essential and secondary type II mixed cryoglobulinemia
Authors: Philippe Bichard, Annette Ounanian, Marc Girard, Christine Baccard, Alain Rolachon, Jean-Charles Renversez, Daniel Cordonnier, Jean-Marie Seigneurin, Jean-Luc Debru, Jean-Pierre Zarski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Fatal Loeffler's endocarditis due to hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Bo H. Chao, Karen Cline‐Parhamovich, John D. Grizzard, Thomas J. Smith
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare disorder that can manifest in various organ systems. We report the case of a 54‐year‐old woman with a remote history of seizure disorder who presented with early signs of right‐sided heart failure. Laboratory studies showed significant eosinophilia (8 × 10 9 l −1 ). Computed tomography showed heterogeneity of the liver, mild ascites, moderate pleural effusion, multiple small pulmonary emboli, and a large right ventricular mass. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated that the right ventricular mass was due to thrombus and extensive endomyocardial fibrosis, consistent with Loeffler's endocarditis. Bone marrow biopsy showed marked eosinophilia but no abnormal myeloid maturation or a lymphoproliferative disorder; flow cytometry showed no clonality. Extensive infectious, immunologic, and toxicological studies were negative. Despite resolution of peripheral eosinophilia with medical management, including corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents, anticoagulation for pulmonary emboli and ventricular thrombus, and conventional treatment for heart failure, she developed worsening anasarca and died from ventricular fibrillation within 4 weeks of presentation. Autopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Loeffler's endocarditis, usually a late manifestation of HES, is characterized by fibrous thickening of the endocardium, leading to apical obliteration and restrictive cardiomyopathy, resulting in heart failure, thromboembolic events, or atrial fibrillation. HES is a potentially fatal disease with less than 50% reported 10‐year survival. This case presentation is unusual in its rapidly progressive course leading to sudden death. Am. J. Hematol. 82:920–923, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated C-Reactive Protein in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Abu S.M. Shamsuzzaman, Mikolaj Winnicki, Paola Lanfranchi, Robert Wolk, Tomas Kara, Valentina Accurso, Virend K. Somers
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been increasingly linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Inflammatory processes associated with OSA may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity in these patients. We tested the hypothesis that OSA patients have increased plasma C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods and Results — We studied 22 patients (18 males and 4 females) with newly diagnosed OSA, who were free of other diseases, had never been treated for OSA, and were taking no medications. We compared CRP measurements in these patients to measurements obtained in 20 control subjects (15 males and 5 females) who were matched for age and body mass index, and in whom occult OSA was excluded. Plasma CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with OSA than in controls (median [range] 0.33 [0.09 to 2.73] versus 0.09 [0.02 to 0.9] mg/dL, P &lt;0.0003). In multivariate analysis, CRP levels were independently associated with OSA severity (F=6.8, P =0.032). Conclusions — OSA is associated with elevated levels of CRP, a marker of inflammation and of cardiovascular risk. The severity of OSA is proportional to the CRP level.
Regulation by SIRPα of dendritic cell homeostasis in lymphoid tissues
Authors: Yasuyuki Saito, Hiroko Iwamura, Tetsuya Kaneko, Hiroshi Ohnishi, Yoji Murata, Hideki Okazawa, Yoshitake Kanazawa, Miho Sato-Hashimoto, Hisae Kobayashi, Per-Arne Oldenborg, Makoto Naito, Yoriaki Kaneko, Yoshihisa Nojima, Takashi Matozaki
Journal: Blood (2010)
Acute Infectious Nonbacterial Gastroenteritis: Intestinal Histopathology
Authors: Saul G. Agus, Raphael Dolin, Richard G. Wyatt, A. J. Tousimis, Robert S. Northrup
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Intestinal biopsy specimens were obtained from normal volunteers before, during, and after administration of the Norwalk agent of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis. The small intestine of acutely ill volunteers had an intact mucosa but showed histologic changes that included blunting of villi, shortening of microvilli, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, and an increase in intracellular multivesiculate bodies. Convalescence biopsy specimens, obtained 2 weeks after illness, showed normal histologic patterns. Specimens obtained from volunteers who remained clinically well did not show histologic changes at any time. At the time of illness, brush-border enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, and trehalase) were decreased as compared with base-line and convalescent values. Thus definite but reversible pathophysiologic lesions of the small intestine in man were seen during acute gastroenteritis induced by a viral agent.
Battlefield for the Tobacco War
Authors: Judith Mackay
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plerixafor and G-CSF versus placebo and G-CSF to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: John F. DiPersio, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Auayporn Nademanee, Ivana N. M. Micallef, Patrick J. Stiff, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Richard T. Maziarz, Chitra Hosing, Stefan Früehauf, Mitchell Horwitz, Dennis Cooper, Gary Bridger, Gary Calandra
Journal: Blood (2009)
HISTORY OF MANCHESTER
Authors: E. M. Brockbank
Journal: BMJ (1929)

who will deliver his address to the Association on the evening of Tuesday, July 23rd.The sectional mieetings for scientific and clinical work will be held, as usual, on the three following days, the morning sessions being given up to discussions and the reading of papers, and the afternoons to demonstrations.The Annual-Representative Meeting, for the transaction of medico-political business, will begin on the previous Friday, July 19th, at 9.30 a.m.The preliminary arrangements for the work of the nineteen Scientific Sections have been made by a special committee, consisting partly of Manchester representatives and partlv of members appointed by the Council of the Association.The names of the Gfficers of Sections were given in the SulIl)Ien et of January 12th, and lurEher details of the arrangemnents for the Annual Meeting will appear in later issues.During the week, and in particular oni the last day of the meeting (Saturday, July 27th), there will be excursions to places of interest in the North-West of England.The British Medical Association has met four times at Manchester-in 1836, in 1854, in 1877,
Endoscopic Detection and Diagnosis of 0-IIc Neoplastic Colorectal Lesions
Authors: Y. Sano, S. Tanaka, C. Teixeira, N. Aoyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

In Japan, neoplastic lesions of the stomach with a superficial endoscopic appearance are classified as "type 0". The term "type 0" was chosen to distinguish the description of superficial lesions from the Borrmann classification for advanced gastric cancers that was proposed in 1926. The classification system for superficial gastric neoplasia was later also applied to large-bowel tumors. The development of the categorization of superficial, shallow, depressed-type neoplastic lesions, now classified as 0-IIc, has followed a similar path to that of gastric and early esophageal cancers, but with a significant delay.
Bodies Politic: Disease, Death and Doctors in Britain, 1650-1900
Authors: Eoin O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Roy Porter 

Reaktion Books, £25, pp 328

ISBN 1 86189 094 X

Rating: ![Graphic][1] ![Graphic][2] 

This book comes well announced: “… splendid book … a tonic to those dismayed by the current writing-down of English history” ( Sunday Telegraph ); “… exhilarating” ( Sunday Times ); “simply superb” ( New Statesman ). This should be enough not only to whet the reviewer's appetite but also to bias opinion. And yet my reaction at the end of an enjoyable read is one of disappointment, disappointment that a magnificent opportunity to do justice to an immense and unique labour of historiography has been squandered. Let me explain.

Roy …

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 [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
The response of canine coronary vascular resistance to local alterations in coronary arterial P CO2.
Authors: R B Case, H Greenberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The effect of hypercapnia on coronary vascular resistance (CVR) was studied in seven open-chest dogs. Coronary blood flow was supplied to the cannulated left main coronary artery from the femoral artery by a precision pump. Coronary arterial PCO2 was locally controlled with a small membrane oxygenator in the coronary perfusion circuit. Each PCO2 change was made at a constant coronary flow, and CVR was calculated from the ratio of perfusion pressure to flow. Coronary sinus (CS) PCO2 and PO2 were recorded continuously from blood withdrawn through a CS catheter. Normocapnia (PCO2 = 42.3 +/- 2.8 mm Hg) was obtained with a membrane oxygenator gas composition of 95% O2-5% CO2, and hypocapnia was produced with 100% O2-0% CO2. In addition to physiology normal coronary flow (determined by a CS PO2 of 20-30 mm Hg) relatively high and low flow states were studied. At a normal control CS PO2, a decrease in coronary arterial PCO2 from 42.3 +/- 2.8 to 23.8 +/- 1.3 mm Hg caused CVR to increase by 84.2%, from 1.27 +/- 0.06 to 2.30 +/- 0.04 units. Since pH was inversely related to PCO2, the effect on CVR may have been mediated through a pH change. CS PCO2 decreased from 65.2 +/- 1.9 to 39.4 +/- 1.3 mm Hg. myocardial oxygen consumption was unchanged. Increases in CVR of 74.5, 119.5, and 69.3% occurred during hypocapnia in three additional experiments in which control arterial PO2 was maintained at 52-90 mm Hg. When CS PO2 was greater than 30 mm Hg, the normocapnic CVR was high, and was only minimally increased by hypocapnia. When coronary flow was reduced to an ischemic level there was little response in CVR to hypocapnia. Thus the level of arterial PCO2 can have an important effect on CVR independent of changes in O2 consumption. Myocardial PCO2, derived from metabolically produced CO2 and contributed to by arterial CO2, may be a major factor in normal control of coronary flow.
Randomised controlled trial of routine hospital clinic care versus routine general practice care for type II diabetics.
Authors: T M Hayes, J Harries
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Two hundred patients with type II diabetes were entered into a randomised controlled trial lasting five years to compare routine care of this condition by a hospital diabetic clinic with routine care in general practice. Fewer patients in the group being cared for by their general practitioner (general practice group) were regularly reviewed or had regular estimations of blood glucose concentration. More patients in the general practice group than in the hospital group were admitted to hospital for medical reasons during the study (25 (24%) compared with 17 (18%] and more patients in the general practice group died (18) than did in the hospital group (6). At the end of the study mean concentrations of haemoglobin A1 were higher in the general practice group (10.4%) than in the hospital group (9.5%). Routine care in general practice for patients with type II diabetes was less satisfactory than care by the hospital diabetic clinic.
Reply to Leslie C. Costello and Renty B. Franklin’s Letter to the Editor re: Silvano Gallus, Roberto Foschi, Eva Negri et al. Dietary Zinc and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study from Italy. Eur Urol 2007;52:1052–7
Authors: Silvano Gallus, Carlo La Vecchia
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Enhancement of Peripheral Alpha-Receptor Stimulation by Blockade of "Silent" Beta Receptors
Authors: THOMAS F. BURKS, THEODORE COOPER
Journal: Circulation Research (1967)

Evidence is presented for the existence of "silent" peripheral beta adrenergic receptors with which alpha-receptor stimulants might combine without producing measurable vasodilation. Addition of propranolol (1x10 -7 M) or MJ-1999 (5x10 -6 M) to Krebs solution perfusing canine isolated mesenteric arteries enhanced (1) the pressor responses to intra-arterially administered epinephrine, norepinephrine, and methoxamine and (2) the vasoconstrictor effects of perivascular sympathetic nerve stimulation. Enhancement of the pressor effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine was unaltered during cocaine or guanethidine potentiation. The doses of the beta-receptor blocking agents that enhanced pressor responses in isolated arteries were identical to those required to provide 80 to 100% blockade of the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in isolated rabbit hearts. Propranolol and MJ-1999 also enhanced the elevating effects of methoxamine on canine blood pressure. In higher concentrations, propranolol (1x10 -4 M) and MJ-1999 (1x10 -3 M) produced alpha-receptor blockade in the isolated arteries, and propranolol, but not MJ-1999, produced myocardial depression in isolated rabbit hearts. These data are interpreted as indicating that alpha-receptor stimulants usually combine with both peripheral alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, and blockade of the peripheral beta receptors makes more stimulant available for alpha-receptor stimulation.
Effect of collateral vessels on prognosis in patients with one vessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Pasquale F. Nestico, A-Hamid Hakki, Marc D. Meissner, Charles E. Bemis, Demetrios Kimbiris, Gary S. Mintz, Bernard L. Segal, Abdulmassih S. Iskandrian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Since the first successful electrical defibrillation of a human heart 27 years ago, different disciplines have dominated the field of cardiac resuscitation: first physiology, then surgery and anesthesiology, and now cardiology. All these disciplines and more are well represented in this edition. Once again, the bibliography is almost all new and the basic science sections adequately cover the mechanisms of cardiac arrest, the pharmacology of resuscitation, and elective cardioplegia. Because 250,000 deaths from acute myocardial infarction occur before patients reach the hospital, the chapters on mobile coronary care units and the logistics of resuscitation outside the hospital have been expanded. Also, a new chapter on "The Spectator Heart," as, eg, at football games, has been added. For the neophyte "reanimatologist," the cookbook-type appendix on resuscitation technique is succinct, timely, and useful. For those with more indepth interests, the section on pitfalls, precautions, and complications is particularly helpful. In 1974, only
Physical activity for all: new research highlights health benefits
Authors: Kimberly G Harmon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

Keeping people active is a major focus of sports medicine professionals.Regular exercise helps reduce the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, cancer, depression and osteoporosis.However, recent articles in the lay press have questioned the benefits of exercise, specifically whether or not exercise helps you lose weight (http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1914857,00.html).Sports, fitness and exercise professionals, including the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM), have taken strong exception to that peculiar interpretation of the evidence.In a world where the direct results of obesity and physical inactivity result in an estimated $147 billion dollars (US) in health care cost in the United States alone, 1 the last thing people need is another excuse not to exercise.In this issue, Dr Neil King and colleagues from Professor John Blundell's lab in Leeds report that exercise provides important health benefits independently of weight loss 2 (see page 924).The issue also highlights that exercise is beneficial for people of all shapes, sizes and ages!
142 Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity attenuates the development of experimentally induced liver fibrosis
Authors: R RIPPE, J LINDQUIST, R BATALLER, T MORRIS, M WHEELER, D BRENNER
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

To demonstrate the efficacy of repeated, non-invasive optical imaging of reporter gene expression in monitoring the ability of bi-specific recombinant molecules (i) to “transductionally untarget” adenovirus from Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR)-dependent infection of normal tissue and (ii) to “transductionally retarget” infection to specific target cells.sCAR-EGF is a recombinant, bi-specific molecule containing the soluble portion of CAR fused to Epidermal Growth Factor. The sCAR moiety binds to the virus and blocks CAR-dependent adenovirus infection. The EGF moity binds to cellular EGF receptors. We used non-invasive optical imaging of firefly luciferase to repeatedly monitor, in living animals, the ability of sCAR-EGF (i) to “transductionally untarget” systemically administered Ad.CMVfLuc, an adenovirus that constitutively expresses luciferase, from normal tissues and (ii) to “transductionally redirect” adenovirus infection in mice to xenograft tumors that express elevated epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor levels.Systemic injection of sCAR-EGF “coated” adenovirus expressing firefly luciferase from the CMV early promoter, reduces expression of the reporter gene in the liver and facilitates expression of the reporter gene in tumor xenografts expressing high levels of the EGF-receptor.Both liver “untargeting” and tumor “retargeting” of adenovirus by recombinant sCAR-EGF can be imaged non-invasively using a luciferase reporter gene.
Ultrasonography and Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Brenda K. Zierler
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) consists of two related conditions: pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Objective testing for VTE is crucial because the clinical diagnosis is nonspecific and insensitive, and the consequences of a missed diagnosis are serious. The purpose of this review is to discuss the utility of venous ultrasonography as the foundation for diagnosis of acute lower extremity DVT. The effectiveness and practicality of venous ultrasonography as a stand-alone examination versus theoretically attractive, but perhaps less practical, combined approaches of ultrasonography with clinical probability assessment and D-dimer testing in the diagnosis of acute DVT is also addressed. Finally, the role of venous ultrasonography in a diagnostic algorithm for suspected PE is discussed.
Peer review. Crude and understudied, but indispensable
Authors: J. P. Kassirer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

PEER REVIEW is not perfect, and when it is done sloppily, journals publish research that is flawed. Even when peer review is rigorous, flawed research sometimes gets into the literature. Journals have long relied on peer review, yet concerns about its limitations have often been expressed.<sup>1-4</sup>Critics point out that some reviewers are unqualified and others, because of personal or professional rivalry, are biased. Editors may even select reviewers on the basis of the reviewers' biases. Furthermore, two or more reviewers may have widely discrepant opinions about a study. Critics also make the point that peer review not only fails to prevent the publication of flawed research but also permits the publication of research that is fraudulent. Some have described peer review as arbitrary, subjective, and secretive. In addition, many critics (including some of the popular press) maintain that it is simply unnecessary and slows the communication of information
Increased platelet adhesiveness in recurrent venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Authors: J. Hirsh, J. A. McBride
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Phenylbutazone-induced Pericarditis-Shafar BRff= 797 Lietman and Bywaters (1963).Clinical diagnosis was estab- lished in 20 (7%) of a series of 285 cases.Common concomitant features were a skin rash, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, pulmonary disease, and amyloid disease.The clinical course of this form of pericarditis is usually short and of a benign nature.A further form which merits mention in the present context is allergic pericarditis.Clarkson, McCredie, and Fleischl (1964) describe an example in which extensive urticaria was associated with clinical evidence of pericarditis and with characteristic E.C.G. changes ; signs of a pericardial effusion were also evident in the x-ray picture.Treatment consisted in antihistamine and symptomatic drugs, and recovery was complete.The pericardium must be considered as a structure in which allergic phenomena may occur (Wolff and Grunfeld, 1963).Recognition of the concept of drug-induced and hypersensitivity reactions in the aetiology of pericarditis may help to identify some of the 50% or so of those cases of pericarditis that are labelled " idiopathic." SummaryIn the elucidation of pericarditis of undetermined origin the possibility of a drug-induced state merits consideration.This and other forms of iatrogenic pericarditis are reviewed.The report of an example attributed to phenylbutazone administration is presented; corticosteroid therapy appeared to be life- saving.Differentiation from the pericarditis of rheumatoid disease is emphasized.Allergic pericarditis is a distinct entity.
RELATION OF THE SPLEEN TO JAUNDICE
Authors: ROBERT LEE PAYNE
Journal: JAMA (1930)

In a consideration of the relation of the spleen to jaundice it must first be borne in mind that the erythrocyte is the chief source of hemoglobin from which the formation of bile pigments must originate. Therefore, the relation of the normal and the pathologic spleen to red blood cell destruction is the hub around which the entire discussion must revolve. The spleen may destroy red blood cells by an intracellular process which is dependent on the action of the macrophages or by an extracellular action which must be distinctly a lytic process. The formation of bile pigments in the spleen must be dependent on a definite splenic hemolysis, but to argue a hemolytic function for the spleen based on the blood picture of splenectomized animals encounters difficulties that cannot be surmounted. In the presence of jaundice associated with a large spleen one is at once confronted with the fact