tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interferon Alfa Consolidation After Intensive Chemotherapy Does Not Prolong the Progression-Free Survival of Patients With Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Results of the Southwest Oncology Group Randomized Phase III Study 8809
Authors: Richard I. Fisher, Bruce W. Dana, Michael LeBlanc, Carl Kjeldsberg, Jeffrey D. Forman, Joseph M. Unger, Stanley P. Balcerzak, Ellen R. Gaynor, Vivek Roy, Thomas Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: S8809 is a randomized phase III trial determining whether intensive cytoreductive treatment, followed by interferon consolidation at the time of minimal residual disease, prolongs the progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) of indolent lymphoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five hundred seventy-one patients with previously untreated stage III or IV low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were registered. Patients received six to eight cycles of prednisone, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide/mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (ProMACE[day 1]-MOPP[day 8]) chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. Responding patients were randomized to observation alone or to interferon consolidation. Interferon alfa-2b 2 mU/m 2 was given subcutaneously three times weekly for 2 years. RESULTS: Two hundred sixty-eight eligible patients were randomized to interferon alfa consolidation (n = 144) or observation alone (n = 124). With a median follow-up time from randomization among patients still alive of 6.2 years, the median PFS time was 4.1 years for patients who received interferon consolidation therapy and 3.2 years for patients who were observed after ProMACE-MOPP induction (P = .25). The adjusted hazard ratio for relapse for observation to interferon was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61 to 1.13). The median OS has not been reached in either group. At 5 years, OS is 78% for the interferon group and 77% for the observation group (P = .65). The adjusted hazard ratio for survival for observation to interferon is 1.11 (95% CI, 0.69 to 1.79). CONCLUSION: Interferon alfa consolidation therapy after intensive treatment with anthracycline-containing combination chemotherapy and involved-field radiation therapy does not prolong the PFS or OS of patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
BILE AND BLOOD PLASMA CHOLESTEROL AS INFLUENCED BY BLOOD DESTRUCTION IN NORMAL AND BILE FISTULA DOGS
Authors: A. Wright, W. B. Hawkins
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

Destruction of large amounts of red cells in normal and bile fistula dogs by means of acetyl phenylhydrazine causes no significant alterations of the blood plasma but there is some decrease in the bile cholesterol. During Bartonella canis infection the splenectomized bile fistula dog periodically breaks down large quantities of red cells with slight decrease in the plasma cholesterol and marked decrease in the bile cholesterol. In the periods of blood regeneration following such acute anemias there are no significant alterations in the values for plasma or bile cholesterol.
Emergence of a New Vibrio parahaemolyticus Serotype in Raw Oysters
Authors: Nicholas A. Daniels, Beverly Ray, Alyssa Easton, Nina Marano, Emily Kahn, André L. McShan II, Lamuels Del Rosario, Tamara Baldwin, Monica A. Kingsley, Nancy D. Puhr, Joy G. Wells, Frederick J. Angulo
Journal: JAMA (2000)

IBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS IN-fection is usually associated with eating raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters.Although V parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of Vibrioassociated gastroenteritis in the United States, 1,2 outbreaks have rarely been reported before 1997. 3,4 In Asia, particularly in Japan and Taiwan, V parahaemolyticus infections are commonly reported.Many recent V parahaemolyticus infections in Asia have been caused by serotype O3:K6. 5 The outbreak described herein, which was caused by contaminated raw oysters ingested during late May, June, and early July 1998, was one of the largest V parahaemolyticus outbreaks ever reported.Strategies in the United States to prevent illness caused by contaminated shellfish include water quality monitoring and specific bacteriologic monitor-ing.In 1975, following several foodborne disease outbreaks, including typhoid fever, that were caused by contaminated shellfish, the National Shellfish Sanitation Program created the Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference to improve the safety of shellfish.The Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference then instituted regulations requiring monitoring of water quality at oyster har-vest sites for fecal coliforms to detect contamination with human sewage.Although such monitoring may be useful for the prevention of typhoid fe-
Newborn-Care Training in Developing Countries
Authors: Kristian R Olson, Aya Caldwell, Brett D Nelson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The study was, by design, limited in its capacity to assess the effect of neonatal resuscitation alone. First, all the birth attendants — both those in the intervention group and those in the control group — received resuscitation training and ventilation devices; only birth attendants for birth clusters that were randomly assigned to the Neonatal Resuscitation Program were given subsequent training in that program. Second, the study included a large number of physicians, who showed less benefit from training in the Essential Newborn Care course and who typically participate in a minority of births in these settings.
Testosterone and doping control
Authors: C Saudan, N Baume, N Robinson, L Avois, P Mangin, M Saugy
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, modified to enhance its anabolic actions (promotion of protein synthesis and muscle growth). They have numerous side effects, and are on the International Olympic Committee's list of banned substances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry allows identification and characterisation of steroids and their metabolites in the urine but may not distinguish between pharmaceutical and natural testosterone. Indirect methods to detect doping include determination of the testosterone/epitestosterone glucuronide ratio with suitable cut-off values. Direct evidence may be obtained with a method based on the determination of the carbon isotope ratio of the urinary steroids. This paper aims to give an overview of the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids in sport and methods used in anti-doping laboratories for their detection in urine, with special emphasis on doping with testosterone.Review of the recent literature of anabolic steroid testing, athletic use, and adverse effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids.Procedures used for detection of doping with endogenous steroids are outlined. The World Anti-Doping Agency provided a guide in August 2004 to ensure that laboratories can report, in a uniform way, the presence of abnormal profiles of urinary steroids resulting from the administration of testosterone or its precursors, androstenediol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone or a testosterone metabolite, dihydrotestosterone, or a masking agent, epitestosterone.Technology developed for detection of testosterone in urine samples appears suitable when the substance has been administered intramuscularly. Oral administration leads to rapid pharmacokinetics, so urine samples need to be collected in the initial hours after intake. Thus there is a need to find specific biomarkers in urine or plasma to enable detection of long term oral administration of testosterone.
Perceptual Asymmetries in Schizophrenia: Subtype Differences in Left Hemisphere Dominance for Dichotic Fused Words
Authors: Michelle S. Friedman, Gerard E. Bruder, Paul G. Nestor, Barbara K. Stuart, Xavier F. Amador, Jack M. Gorman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

Dichotic listening techniques have been used to study hemispheric dominance for language in schizophrenia. The authors' goal was to compare subjects with paranoid and undifferentiated subtypes of schizophrenia.The Fused Rhymed Words Test was used to compare perceptual asymmetries in 16 patients with paranoid schizophrenia, 28 patients with undifferentiated schizophrenia, and 29 healthy comparison subjects.Patients with paranoid schizophrenia had the largest left hemisphere advantage and patients with undifferentiated schizophrenia had the smallest. The asymmetry of healthy subjects was intermediate. Hemisphere advantage varied as a function of gender only in the patients with undifferentiated schizophrenia.The findings support the hypotheses that undifferentiated schizophrenia is associated with underactivation of left hemisphere resources for verbal processing and that paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by preserved left hemisphere processing.
Suboptimal Performance of Blood Glucose Meters in an Antenatal Diabetes Clinic
Authors: Nimalie Jacintha Perera, Lynda Molyneaux, Maria Ines Constantino, Marg McGill, Dennis Koon-See Yue, Stephen Morris Twigg, Glynis Pauline Ross
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of blood glucose meters in diabetes associated with pregnancy (DP).Finger-prick blood glucose levels measured using six different glucose meters on 102 patients with DP attending an antenatal clinic were compared with laboratory plasma glucose results. HbA(1c) and hematocrit were also measured.The plasma glucose range was 2.2-9.4 mmol/L with hematocrit 33-37% and mean HbA(1c) 5.5% ± 0.56 (SD). All meters provided plasma equivalent results except one, which reported whole blood glucose that was adjusted to plasma equivalent values. The absolute glucose difference [meter--plasma glucose] was 0.232 ± 0.69 to 0.725 ± 0.62 mmol/L mean ± SD and bias ranged from 6.1 to 15.8%. Two meters were affected by hematocrit <36% (P < 0.05).Blood glucose meters in current use are not optimally accurate when compared with plasma glucose measurement in DP. Recognition of this deviation is essential to prevent inappropriate treatment of DP.
Aging Adversely Affects the Cigarette Smoke–induced Glutathione Adaptive Response in the Lung
Authors: Neal S. Gould, Elysia Min, Steven Gauthier, Hong Wei Chu, Richard Martin, Brian J. Day
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Cigarette smoke (CS) is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, accounting for more than 90% of cases. The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is much higher in the elderly, suggesting an age dependency. A prominent defense against the oxidant burden caused by CS is the glutathione (GSH) adaptive response in the lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and tissue. However, as one ages the ability to maintain GSH levels declines.Examine the effect of aging on the GSH adaptive response to CS and resulting lung sensitization to inflammation and oxidation.Both young (2 mo old) and aged (8, 13, 19, and 26 mo old) mice were used to study the effects of age on the GSH adaptive response after an acute exposure to CS.Young mice had a robust sixfold increase in ELF GSH after a single exposure to CS. The GSH response to CS decreased as a function of age and diminishes in the older mice to only a twofold increase over air controls. As a consequence, levels of CS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide synthase, markers of inflammation, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA oxidation, were elevated in the aged mice compared with the young mice. Additionally, depletion of ELF GSH with buthionine sulfoximine in young mice recapitulated changes in ELF tumor necrosis factor-α as seen in old mice.These data suggest that the age-related maladaptive response to CS sensitizes the lung to both inflammation and oxidation potentially contributing to the development of CS-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
IM-04 * DELTA-24-RDG AS AN ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC TOOL FOR pHGG/DIPG
Authors: N. Martinez-Velez, E. Xipell, H. Jiang, C. Gomez-Manzano, J. Fueyo, M.-P. Junier, H. Chneiweiss, E. El Habr, M. Monje, O. Becher, M. M. Alonso
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are one of the most formidable challenges faced by pediatric oncologist. Despite great advances in new therapies and genetic research the outcome for these tumors remains dismal. Delta-24-RGD is an adenovirus that is currently being tested in adults with malignant gliomas in several Phase I clinical trial with promising results. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antitumor effect of Δ24-RGD in pHGG/DIPGs in vitro and in immune deficient and in immune competent models in vivo. Evaluation of viral cytotoxicity was performed in pHGG and DIPG cell lines by MTT. Our results showed that Delta-24-RGD displayed a potent antiglioma effect in all the cell lines that was mediated by an effective replication, as shown by antihexon staining and expression of late proteins. In addition, we assess the cytotoxicity in 2 murine DIPG cell lines (XFM and NP53). The virus induced an antitumor effect in both cell lines. Moreover, we observe viral replication as evaluated by antihexon staining, expression of late proteins and electron microscopy. This data is relevant because murine cells are not permissive to viral replication therefore opening the door to evaluate the immune response to the virus. In order to test if Delta-24-RGD administration would unleash an immune response we implanted intracraneally DIPG cells in mice and treated them either with PBS or Delta-24-RGD. Animals were sacrificed 15 days after administration we evaluated the production of IFN-γ by splenocytes. Importantly, splenocytes from Delta-24-RGD treated mice significantly produced more IFN-γ when co-cultured with tumor cells. Survival studies are currently on going. Our results show that Delta-24-RGD exerts an effective antiglioma effect in vitro that is able to trigger an immune response in vivo. These result warrants further studies regarding the antitumor effect of Delta-24-RGD in pHGG/DIPG.
INCREASING CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY AMONG ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Kerunne Ketlogetswe, Michael J. Blaha, Matthew J. Budoff, Atif N. Khan, Juan J. Rivera, Leslee J. Shaw, Daniel S. Berman, Paolo Raggi, James K. Min, Tracy Q. Callister, John A. Rumberger, Roger S. Blumenthal, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Thalidomide and Dexamethasone: A New Standard of Care for Initial Therapy in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Paul Richardson, Kenneth Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

InthisissueoftheJournalofClinicalOncology,Rajkumaretal report on the results of a randomized phase III clinical trial of thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared to high-dose dexamethasone alone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. 1 In this study, coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, 207 patients were randomly assigned to either thalidomide plus dexamethasoneorhigh-dosedexamethasonealone.Responserate, the primary end point, was significantly higher with thalidomide plus dexamethasone than single-agent high-dose dexamethasone (63% v 41%, respectively, P .002); however, this benefit was associated with important toxicities, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and treatment-related mortality, which were 5% and 4%, respectively. 1
Multiple hypothesis testing and Bonferroni's correction
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers assessed the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention directed at general practitioners on six year mortality and morbidity in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. A cluster randomised controlled study design was used. Clustering was at the GP level. The intervention consisted of regular follow-up and individualised goal setting for patients, which was supported by prompting of doctors, clinical guidelines, feedback, and continuing medical education. The control treatment consisted of routine care, and doctors were free to choose any treatment and change it over time. Participants were aged 40 years or more, had been diagnosed as having diabetes during 1989 to 1991, and had survived until six year follow-up. In total, 874 patients were recruited, with 459 allocated to the intervention and 415 allocated to the control.1 The primary outcomes were overall mortality, incidence of diabetic retinopathy, urinary albumin concentration ≥15 mg/L, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients without these outcomes at baseline. The critical level of significance was 0.05 (5%). At the end of follow-up, the treatment groups differed significantly only in one of the five primary outcomes. A lower proportion of the intervention group had a urinary albumin concentration ≥15 mg/L (22.5% v 30.8%; P=0.04). When multiple testing was taken into account using Bonferroni's adjustment, no significant differences in the primary outcomes were observed. It was concluded that, in primary care, individualised goals with educational and surveillance support did not affect six year mortality and morbidity in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Risk of Depressive Events in Long-Term Surviving Patients Affected by Hormone-Related Cancer According to Time After Diagnosis
Authors: Andrea Saini, Luca Ostacoli, Gabriella Gorzegno, Rocco Luigi Picci, Luigi Dogliotti, Pier Maria Furlan, Alfredo Berruti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Depressive disorders consistently worsen thequality of life of long-term surviving patients with cancer. These ad-verse events are a direct consequence of the diagnosis of malignantdiseaseand/ortheantineoplastictreatmentadministered.Thepoten-tiality of antineoplastic treatment to induce depression should becarefullyconsideredinthetreatmentdecisionmakingprocess,butthisissuehasbeenrelativelyneglectedbyoncologists.Daltonetal
Effect of clarithromycin on nasal mucus properties in healthy subjects and in patients with purulent rhinitis.
Authors: B K Rubin, H Druce, O E Ramirez, R Palmer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Erythromycin inhibits mucus glycoconjugate secretion from airway cells in vitro and may increase mucus clearance in patients with asthma or diffuse panbronchiolitis. Because mucus hypersecretion is common in purulent rhinitis, we questioned whether clarithromycin would change the properties of nasal mucus from subjects without sinus disease and from patients with acute purulent rhinitis. Nasal secretions were collected before and after nasal methacholine challenge from 10 adults without nasal symptoms and without methacholine from 10 patients with purulent rhinitis. After 2 wk of oral clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily), secretions were again collected from both groups. Secretions were analyzed for viscoelasticity, cohesion, hydration, and ciliary and airflow (sneeze) transportability. Compared with secretions from healthy subjects, rhinitis secretions had decreased wettability (contact angle on Teflon 100 degrees versus 84.67 degrees; p = 0.001), increased cohesion (36.8 versus 24.3 mm; p = 0.003), decreased sneeze clearability (20.6 versus 32 mm; p = 0.04), and increased percent solids (4.61 versus 2.82%; p = 0.04). After clarithromycin, the rheology, hydration, cohesion, and transportability of the rhinitis secretions were similar to those of the postclarithromycin secretions from the healthy subjects. Secretion volume also decreased (500.1 versus 28.3 mg; p = 0.01), and mucociliary transportability increased by 30% (0.76 versus 0.99; p = 0.005). Although clarithromycin reduced mucus secretion in both rhinitis patients and normal subjects, it did not alter the secretory response to methacholine.
Relationship between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum C-reactive protein in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: L Walsh, P Davies, B McConkey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were compared in 241 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There was a positive linear correlation between the 2 measurements with a high degree of variability. Neither age nor duration of RA had a detectable influence. The relationship between CRP and ESR was, however, altered by treatment with gold, penicillamine, or high doses of prednisone. It is suggested that serum CRP is the more sensitive measurement, but that CRP and ESR do not have identical clinical significance.
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and atopy: is there an association?
Authors: K. Mehrany, R.A. El-Azhary, S.A. Bouwhuis, M.R. Pittelkow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Case reports have suggested a relationship between atopic diatheses and Sézary syndrome, pre-Sézary syndrome or mycosis fungoides. However, Sézary and pre-Sézary syndromes are rare entities, and this association has never been analysed in greater detail for specific subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).To evaluate the prevalence of atopy in subjects with Sézary syndrome, pre-Sézary syndrome or mycosis fungoides, and to compare the rates with the reported prevalence of atopy in the general population.We retrospectively reviewed the records of 157 patients with the diagnosis of Sézary or pre-Sézary syndrome seen between 1965 and 2000, and 102 patients with the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides evaluated from 1994 to 2000 at Mayo Clinic.Of 157 subjects with Sézary or pre-Sézary syndrome and 102 subjects with mycosis fungoides, 18 and 12, respectively, were identified as having a history of atopic dermatitis, asthma or allergic rhinitis. The prevalence rates of atopy in Sézary or pre-Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides were 11.5% (95% confidence interval 6.9-17.5%) and 11.8% (6.2-19.7%), respectively.No significant difference exists in the prevalence of atopy in Sézary or pre-Sézary syndrome compared with that in mycosis fungoides (chi2-test, P = 1.00). Furthermore, the rates of atopy in Sézary or pre-Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides are not significantly different from the prevalence of atopy in the general population (17-40%). On the basis of these observations, no evidence currently implicates a causal association of CTCL with atopy.
Sustained T-bet expression confers polarized human TH2 cells with TH1-like cytokine production and migratory capacities☆
Authors: Günther Lametschwandtner, Tilo Biedermann, Christoph Schwärzler, Claudia Günther, Julia Kund, Sandra Fassl, Sonja Hinteregger, Nicole Carballido-Perrig, Susanne J. Szabo, Laurie H. Glimcher
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)