tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ADVICE TO PATIENTS ON LEAVING THE HOSPITAL AFTER SURGICAL OPERATIONS
Authors: LEONARD FREEMAN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

leak, as lo control the bleeding with an Esmarch band¬ age in the majority of amputations for diabetic gan¬ grene.On the contrary, the bleeding is often intensi¬ fied because a venous stasis is produced without, an arterial obstruction.These are no mere theoretical inferences.I have repeatedly seen practical confirma¬
SPASTIC PARALYSIS OF THE JEJUNUM
Authors: J. E. ENGSTAD
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Dynamic or spastic contraction in the jejunal part of the bowel is a comparatively rare type of obstruction. That this disease is rare is indicated by the fact that Treves in a book of 565 pages on intestinal obstruction, written in 1899, makes no reference whatever to the so-called dynamic type of obstruction. Most of the reported obstructions of this nature are in the upper part of the jejunum. In 1912, Van der Hoeven<sup>1</sup>reported ninety-four cases from available literature in which there was a history of spastic obstruction during pregnancy. In many cases the patient died, but no cause could be found at autopsy as the obstruction had not left any sign. Schloffer,<sup>2</sup>in 1899, described the intestinal obstruction seen sometimes in hysteria. There was an article on this subject in the<i>Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift</i>in 1910. Manion<sup>3</sup>reported a case in 1913. Twenty cases were
Trusts show some progress on tuberculosis but must coordinate their action, report says
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Local initiatives in tackling tuberculosis in England are improving, but much more needs to be done to stem rises in the number of new cases, says a report launched at the British Thoracic Society’s winter meeting on 3 December.

The report was jointly issued by the society and the all party parliamentary group on global TB, TB Alert, and the Royal College of Nursing. It indicates that last year the number of cases of tuberculosis in England rose by 2% from the previous year: from 7837 cases in 2007 to 7998 in 2008.

Marc Lipman, chairman of the British Thoracic Society’s tuberculosis group, said, “Most of the general public believe that TB is a disease of the …
BULLOUS LESIONS OF THE SKIN IN DIABETES (BULLOSIS DIABETICORUM)
Authors: GRACE E. ALLEN, DAVID R. HADDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article BULLOUS LESIONS OF THE SKIN IN DIABETES (BULLOSIS DIABETICORUM) Get access GRACE E. ALLEN, GRACE E. ALLEN Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DAVID R. HADDEN DAVID R. HADDEN Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue 3, 1 March 1970, Pages 216–220, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb12427.x Published: 01 March 1970 Article history Accepted: 30 August 1969 Published: 01 March 1970
Death and epidemiology in Bangladesh.
Authors: F Majid
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Rapport d'un stage dans un centre de recherche sur les gastroenterites au Bengladesh. Etat d'epuisement des enfants atteints. Recherches sur l'enterite a campylobacter. Modes de vie dans les villages. Les poissons et l'eau. Problemes financiers
Doctor François Rabelais
Authors: Marcel Tetel
Journal: JAMA (1971)

By profession François Rabelais was a physician; by limited choice, a monk; by vocation and conviction, a writer. He was all of these and more, for he belonged to that Renaissance category, the uomo universale. Just as easily, he could have become a philosopher, a jurist of both canon and Roman law, a theologian, and even an occult scientist. His expertise in all these fields did not go by the wayside, but converged into the four books of<i>Gargantua</i>and<i>Pantagruel</i>, and became an integral part thereof. On Sept 17, 1530, Rabelais, already in his late 30s, registered at the Faculty of Medicine of the renowned University of Montpellier. Six weeks later, on Nov 1, he received his bachelor's degree in medicine, for which usually at least two years were required. The diploma was granted when he passed an examination on the works of such theoreticians as Hippocrates, Galen, and
Progress in HIV-1 vaccine development
Authors: Barton F. Haynes, M. Anthony Moody, Munir Alam, Mattia Bonsignori, Laurent Verkoczy, Guido Ferrari, Feng Gao, Georgia D. Tomaras, Hua-Xin Liao, Garnett Kelsoe
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Committee on National Legislation and Annual Conference, Washington, D.C.
Authors: H. L. E. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1901)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —By an amendment to the quarantine laws, the last Congress authorized the Surgeon-General of the U. S. Marine-Hospital Service, with the approval of the U. S. Secretary of the Treasury, to designate and mark out the boundaries of the quarantine grounds and anchorages for vessels at the United States quarantine stations, and imposed a penalty of fine or imprisonment or both for the violation of any part of the act or any regulation made in accordance. with the act. Another section of the amendment provided for quarantine measures to apply to vessels arriving in collection districts without entering a port of the United States. This is intended particularly for fishing-smacks and other small craft which leave Cuban ports for smuggling rum and tobacco into the United States along the coast of Florida; these vessels were liable to convey infection by landing their sick on this coast. To
Short-term effects of synthetic human parathyroid hormone-(1--34) administration on bone mineral metabolism in osteoporotic patients.
Authors: D M Slovik, R M Neer, J T Potts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Since studies in animals and humans have shown that parathyroid hormone can stimulate bone formation and increase trabecular bone, and patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism may exhibit osteosclerosis, we evaluated the effect of short-term administration of human parathyroid hormone, hPTH-(1--34), in patients with osteoporosis. Six patients with osteoporosis underwent detailed studies including blood and urinary measurements of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium; 47Ca kinetic studies; and 18-d balance studies before and during the short-term administration (3--4 wk) of a daily subcutaneous injection of hPTH fragment 1--34 given as 450 or 750 U/dose. The mean fasting plasma calcium values rose slightly after hPTH-(1--34) administration, primarily in the high-dose group. There was no difference in the mean fasting plasma inorganic phosphate levels. The mean daily urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate was significantly increased in patients given the higher dose. In patients given 750 U, net intestinal calcium absorption increased, phosphate absorption increased, calcium balance improved, and phosphate balance improved. In patients given 450 U, calcium balance and phosphate balance worsened. 47Ca kinetic studies showed a minimal increase in bone accretion rate, a decrease in the mean transit time of calcium in the exchangeable pools, and a decrease in the exchangeable-pool size. In all six patients there was an increased renal clearance of 47Ca as a result of hPTH-(1--34) administration. These studies indicate that low doses of parathyroid hormone may promote bone formation, whereas higher doses clearly have an adverse effect on the skeleton.
Capsaicin pretreatment does not inhibit allergen‐induced airway microvascular leakage in guinea pig
Authors: J. O. Lötvall, K. P. Hui, C. G. Löfdahl, P. J. Barnes, K. F. Chung
Journal: Allergy (1991)

We have studied the effects of tachykinin‐depletion on airway microvascular leakage induced by allergen challenge in ovalbumin‐sensitised guinea pigs, Tachykinin‐depletion was obtained by capsacin pretreatment 1 week before inhaled allergen challenge. Capsaicin pretreatment did not change airway microvascular permeability induced by allergen challenge. Capsaicin pretreatment did not change airway microvascular permeability induced by allergen challenge. Thus, sensory neuropeptides may not be important in allergen induced acute airway microvascular leakage in guinea pig in vivo.
THE FUNCTION OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN DEFENSE
Authors: THOMAS PARRAN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

We are meeting at a grave hour in our nation's history. Our Commander-in-Chief has laid on each of us the obligation to contribute our unlimited effort in this "unlimited national emergency." No group of equal size can do so much for the nation's safety as can the medical profession. It becomes increasingly clear that this total war basically is a war of production. It is a war in which the totalitarian system of economics, no less than its political system, is pitted against the democratic. Unless we excel Nazi efficiency in our defense efforts, we shall not survive as a free people. Our machines are the best in the world. It is our task to make our men as good as our machines. In many skills we have already a shortage of manpower. To conserve and improve our manpower is a medical and public health task of national importance. An
Exclusion of suspect data raises question mark over safety of common plasma substitute
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Hydroxyethyl starch, a commonly used plasma substitute, is associated with increased risk of death and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients needing an increase in blood fluid volume, according to a new meta-analysis1 that excluded trials from an investigator some of whose research has been retracted because of scientific misconduct.

“This study highlights the serious implications of scientific misconduct on patient safety,” warned Massimo Antonelli, professor of intensive care medicine at the Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy, in an accompanying editorial.2 He added that it illustrated the importance of updating guidelines regularly as the evidence base changes.

Synthetic colloids such as hydroxyethyl starch were approved in the 1960s without …
Endoscopic Recognition of Early Carcinoma in Ulcerative Colitis-Reply
Authors: Thomas D. Crowson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Dr Riddell suggests that Cook et al actually did see the five carcinomas that they detected only microscopically. I cannot reply for them, but in their article they stated that they did not recognize these five carcinomas. I agree with Dr Riddell, however, that they may have noted some slightly abnormality that prompted them to take specimens from these areas.  He also mentions that early carcinoma in patients with ulcerative colitis may be sufficiently atypical that the endoscopist is unfamiliar with its appearance. I feel that this is true. In a patient with ulcerative colitis, particularly when there is continuing chronic activity, the entire colon is usually very abnormal. One could take specimens from literally thousands of suspicious areas and still miss an early carcinoma. If a carcinoma is overlooked by the endoscopist, it is certainly possible that the patient may have metastatic disease within a short period
PERSISTENCE OF LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK DURING LONG–TERM FOLLOW–UP AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Patrick Houthuizen, Robert van der Boon, Marina Urena, Thomas T. Poels, Leen AFM van Garsse, Josep Rodés–Cabau, Frits W. Prinzen, Peter de Jaegere
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Rhetorical Question—Not Statement of Fact
Authors: David N. Sundwall
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I wish to thank the editors ofThe Journalfor publishing my commentary, "Family Practice: Here Today, Gone (Again) Tomorrow" (238:217, 1977). However, I would like to point out an important editorial error. This was in failing to put a question mark after the title. At first glance, one might interpret my comments as a prognostication of an eventual failure and demise of the specialty of family practice. The content of my article makes clear that in spite of the current brouhaha and the difficulties we experience in becoming established within the major medical teaching institutions of this country, I believe the future of family practice is indeed secure. My intent was simply to raise a rhetorical question and to suggest that our efforts<i>may</i>result in failure if there is not better communication among family physicians and our medical colleagues in all of the other
In vivo time-lapse microscopy reveals no loss of murine myonuclei during weeks of muscle atrophy
Authors: Jo C. Bruusgaard, Kristian Gundersen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Numerous studies have suggested that muscle atrophy is accompanied by apoptotic loss of myonuclei and therefore recovery would require replenishment by muscle stem cells. We used in vivo time-lapse microscopy to observe the loss and replenishment of myonuclei in murine muscle fibers following induced muscle atrophy. To our surprise, imaging of single fibers for up to 28 days did not support the concept of nuclear loss during atrophy. Muscles were inactivated by denervation, nerve impulse block, or mechanical unloading. Nuclei were stained in vivo either acutely by intracellular injection of fluorescent oligonucleotides or in time-lapse studies after transfection with a plasmid encoding GFP with a nuclear localization signal. We observed no loss of myonuclei in fast- or slow-twitch muscle fibers despite a greater than 50% reduction in fiber cross-sectional area. TUNEL labeling of fragmented DNA on histological sections revealed high levels of apoptotic nuclei in inactive muscles. However, when costained for laminin and dystrophin, virtually none of the TUNEL-positive nuclei could be classified as myonuclei; apoptosis was confined to stromal and satellite cells. We conclude that disuse atrophy is not a degenerative process, but is rather a change in the balance between protein synthesis and proteolysis in a permanent cell syncytium.
Inhibiting p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase Prevents Na <sup>+</sup> -H <sup>+</sup> Exchanger–Mediated Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Naoya Maekawa, Jun-ichi Abe, Tetsuro Shishido, Seigo Itoh, Bo Ding, Virendra K. Sharma, Shey-Shing Sheu, Burns C. Blaxall, Bradford C. Berk
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Pharmacological and genetic studies indicate that the (Na+)-H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) plays a critical role in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. We found that p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) phosphorylated serine 703 of NHE1, stimulating 14-3-3 binding and NHE1 activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibiting RSK in cardiomyocytes would prevent NHE1 activation and decrease I/R-mediated injury.To examine the role of RSK in vivo, we generated transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of dominant negative RSK (DN-RSK-TG). DN-RSK-TG hearts demonstrated normal basal cardiac function and morphology. However, myocardial infarction (left coronary artery occlusion for 45 minutes) in DN-RSK-TG hearts was significantly reduced at 24 hours of reperfusion from 46.9+/-5.6% area at risk in nontransgenic littermate controls to 26.0+/-4.2% in DN-RSK-TG (P<0.01). Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly reduced after I/R in DN-RSK (0.9+/-0.2%) compared with nontransgenic littermate controls (6.2+/-2.6%). Importantly, activation of RSK and interaction of 14-3-3 with NHE1, necessary for agonist-stimulated NHE1 activity, were increased by I/R and inhibited by 70% in DN-RSK-TG (P<0.01). Next, we transduced rat neonatal cardiomyocytes with adenovirus-expressing DN-RSK (Ad.DN-RSK) and measured NHE1 activity. The baseline rate of pH recovery in acid-loaded cells was equal in cells expressing LacZ or DN-RSK. However, NHE1 activation by 100 micromol/L H2O2 was significantly inhibited in cells expressing DN-RSK (0.16+/-0.02 pH units/min) compared with Ad.LacZ (0.49+/-0.13 pH units/min). Apoptosis induced by 12 hours of anoxia followed by 24 hours' reoxygenation was significantly reduced in cells expressing Ad.DN-RSK (18.6+/-2.0%) compared with Ad.LacZ (29.3+/-5.4%).In summary, RSK is a novel regulator of cardiac NHE1 activity by phosphorylating NHE1 serine 703 and a new pathological mediator of I/R injury in the heart.
"The Leprosy Question."
Authors: D. C. Newman
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3><h3>Sir:</h3> —In Prof. Blanc's lecture on "The Leprosy Question" reported in your issue of the 23d ultimo, he says that the Leprosy Investigating Committee sent out from London in Oct. 1890, have discovered the fact that<i>the germ of leprosy can be cultivated</i>. If the professor had closely followed up Dr. Arning's researches he would have learned that Dr. Arning made many cultures of the germ as early as 1884. So this is anything but a new discovery. Spokane, Wash., May 2,1892.
The Family Business
Authors: Joel Stein
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Women of substance
Authors: W. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The future is female— within a decade most UK doctors will be women—but then so was the past.

As herbalists, midwives, bonesetters, wives, and mothers, women have long provided the bulk of health care throughout the world. A plucky few were even allowed to scale the lofty heights to fame and, occasionally, fortune.

A female teacher, known only as Trotula, at the medical school of Salerno is believed to have written several important medical tracts in the 12th century, while the polymathic abbess Hildegard of Bingen was a renowned healer whose Book of Simple Medicine was a medieval page turner. …
Pocket-sized device for measuring forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity.
Authors: P J Chowienczyk, C P Lawson
Journal: BMJ (1982)

An inexpensive pocket-sized instrument--the turbine spirometer--has been developed that measures and gives a direct digital display of the forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity. The instrument is as accurate as and considerably cheaper than spirometers in general use. Condensation does not affect the calibration. The turbine spirometer will enable spirometry to be easily monitored in hospital wards and general practice and by patients at home.
Robust procedures for research conduct are needed
Authors: M. Green
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I congratulate Brian Deer for exposing the MMR (mumps. measles, and rubella) story—it makes depressing reading.1

It would be comforting to think that researchers who manipulate results are “bad apples” that occur from time to time, and that we should learn to guard against them. Sadly this is optimistic. Research misconduct is widespread, varying from the minor (“omit this patient”) to substantial …
Visualization of Inferior Vena Cava Reflux during ECG-gated Krypton-81 m Study
Authors: B GEORGES, P FRANKEN, H R HAM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Backward bloodflow in the inferior vena cava and in hepatic veins has been demonstrated in patients with tricuspid insufficiency using contrast echography. A similar finding in a 42-year-old woman with primary pulmonary hypertension and tricuspid insufficiency, during continuous infusion of Kr-81m in an antecubital vein is presented
Fibrinogen and Platelets in the Primary Arrest of Bleeding
Authors: Harvey J. Weiss, John Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract Two patients with a congenital absence of fibrinogen and a prolonged bleeding time were studied to determine the role of fibrinogen in the primary arrest of bleeding and for further clarification of the fibrinogen requirement for platelet function. The retention of platelets, sampled directly from venous blood, in glass-bead filters was consistently decreased and was markedly increased by pretreatment of the beads with fibrinogen. Adhesion of platelets to connective tissue, however, was normal. In citrated platelet-rich plasma (PRP), abnormalities in primary platelet aggregation by ADP and epinephrine were optimally corrected by fibrinogen in concentrations of 10 to 20 mg per 100 ml. In contrast to the abnormal findings in citrated PRP, both primary platelet aggregation and the release reaction were normal in heparinized PRP. The studies leave unanswered the question of the fibrinogen requirements for platelet aggregation, but indicate that fibrinogen is required as a cofactor in the interaction ...
The Human Female Reproductive Tract: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Atlas
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The authors have employed scanning electron microscopy to provide new insight into the microanatomy of the female genital tract. The beautifully produced book, with magnificent illustrations, covers in systematic fashion the "surface" appearance of the epithelium from the vagina to the ovary, under various conditions. The atlas shows the surface patterns of vagina, ectocervix and endocervix, endometrium, tubes, and ovary, under various hormonal conditions and anatomical states. A substantial portion of the book is given to the placenta. In the plates, each covering a single topic, the authors provide successive increases in magnification, from approximately 200 up to 5,000 or 10,000. The viewer derives a sense of structure of fantastic clarity and depth. A modest amount of text is given on pages facing the illustrations. The quality of the photographs is superb, the legends are clear and informative, and the whole book is an artistic triumph, as well as an