tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modulation of fibronectin gene expression in human mononuclear phagocytes.
Authors: K Yamauchi, Y Martinet, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Under some conditions, mononuclear phagocytes spontaneously synthesize and release fibronectin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein with versatile effects on cell-matrix interactions. To gain insight into the processes that modulate the level of fibronectin secretion by these cells, we used monocytes, in vitro matured monocytes and alveolar macrophages as models to compare fibronectin mRNA levels and fibronectin secretion in a variety of circumstances. Using Northern analysis and dot-blot analysis with a 32P-labeled human fibronectin cDNA probe, we evaluated steady-state mRNA levels and a human fibronectin-specific ELISA was used to evaluate fibronectin secretion. In all cases the amounts of fibronectin secreted paralleled fibronectin mRNA levels. Specifically (a) when fibronectin mRNA was undetectable, as in the case of normal blood monocytes, no fibronectin was secreted, but whenever fibronectin mRNA was present, as in normal alveolar macrophages, fibronectin was secreted by the cells; (b) as monocytes matured into macrophages in vitro, the cells began to express fibronectin mRNA and the cells secreted fibronectin; (c) when alveolar macrophages were activated with surface stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or immune complexes, fibronectin mRNA levels decreased and in parallel, the cells secreted less fibronectin; (d) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), alveolar macrophages contained severalfold more fibronectin mRNA transcripts that normal and the cells spontaneously secreted severalfold more fibronectin than normal; and (e) when IPF alveolar macrophages were placed in culture the fibronectin mRNA levels in the cells decreased with time, and concurrently the amounts of fibronectin produced per unit time continually decreased. The observation of a strict concordance of fibronectin mRNA levels and fibronectin release by mononuclear phagocytes suggests that, at least in many circumstances, fibronectin secretion by mononuclear phagocytes is controlled by steady-state levels of fibronectin mRNA.
Evidence for a relationship between Ehlers–Danlos type VII C in humans and bovine dermatosparaxis
Authors: B. V. Nusgens, Ch. Verellen-Dumoulin, T. Hermanns-Lê, A. De Paepe, L. Nuytinck, G.E. Piérard, Ch. M. Lapière
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
Periodic Leg Movements and Sleepiness in Patients Evaluated for Sleep-disordered Breathing
Authors: RONALD D. CHERVIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Most polysomnograms are performed because sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is suspected, but periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) are frequent incidental findings, and their significance is not well understood. In a clinical series of 1,124 adult patients with suspected or confirmed SDB, we tested for an association between the rate of periodic leg movements and one important outcome, the severity of daytime sleepiness. Objective sleepiness was assessed by the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in all subjects, problem sleepiness by self-rating in 873, and subjective sleep propensity by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in 201. Increased leg movements were associated with decreased objective sleepiness (p = 0.03) but explained less than 1% of the variance. When nocturnal arousals were scored (n = 321 subjects), rates of leg movements associated with arousals predicted less objective sleepiness (p = 0.008); rates of leg movements without arousals predicted nothing. The rates of leg movements showed no association with subjective problem sleepiness or sleep propensity. We conclude that incidental periodic leg movements during sleep are not associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, and therefore appear unlikely to contribute to this problem. Increased sleepiness may reduce the likelihood of arousal with each leg movement.
Altered Cardiopulmonary Function Associated With Diseases of the Lung
Authors: William E. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Altered pulmonary function in patients with L surgical lesions of the lungs is being encountered with increasing frequency. Primary tumor of the lung occurring in patients with pulmonary emphysema or fibrosis is a good example. Congenital, inflammatory, traumatic, and deteriorating lung lesions frequently present problems with an associated cardiopulmonary-reserve deficit. The success or failure of management of the patient's primary lesion may depend considerably on the recognition and understanding of their pulmonary deficiency. Fortunately, improved, accurate methods of study are now available for determining the status of cardiopulmonary function. This paper deals with several of these problems, how they may be analyzed, and possible methods of management. <h3>Total Atelectasis of One Lung</h3> Inflammatory disease such as tuberculosis of the lung and traumatic injuries of the chest may lead to complete stenosis of a primary bronchus with total atelectasis of an entire lung. This produces marked reduction in pulmonary capacity and,
Sensitivity Tests for Tuberculosis
Authors: J. W. Howie
Journal: BMJ (1967)

continued uneventfully with polymln.Nine hours after the last dose of nalidixic acid the plasma level (kindly estimated by Bayer Products Company) was 114 ,ug./ml.and the urinary level 20 psg./ml.Four days later still these levels were 32 and 2.5 pig./ml.respectively.Newborn, and particularly immature infants, alter and excrete drugs much less quickly and efficiently than older children or adults, and the high plasma and low urine levels here are a reversal of normal adult findings, Buchbinder et al. giving a range of 3.9-31.2p'g./ml for plasma and 62.5-500 p'g./ml.for urine.2Gluck and Kulovich report only 9 % of the drug excreted after 24 hours in the newborn premature infant after a single test dose of 25 mg./kg.body weight, whereas at 21 days of life 80%b was excreted in 16 hours.3The toxic symp- toms associated with drugs in the first weeks of life are often not those recognized later, and a severe metabolic acidosis after treat- ment with nalidixic acid has not been reported previously as far as we know.Nalidixic acid is a naphthyridine derivative,4 and is excreted unchanged in the urine along with three metabolites, nalidixic acid glucuronide, hydroxynalidixic acid glucuronide, and dicarboxylic acid.5We are unable to say how this drug or its metabolites may have interfered with lactate metabolism in the infant described.-Weare, etc.,
UK government consults public on compulsory folate fortification
Authors: Robert Short
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The United Kingdom's Food Standards Agency is to consult consumers on mandatory food fortification with folic acid to help prevent neural tube defects. A 12 week consultation will start in May 2006, in which the agency will seek the views of consumers, industry, and other stakeholders.

In addition, the agency's board has requested clarification on the subject from the independent scientific advisory committee on nutrition, which advises the government. The agency will then make a recommendation to UK health ministers in September.

The …
Mutations in the β-tubulin gene TUBB2B result in asymmetrical polymicrogyria
Authors: Xavier Hubert Jaglin, Karine Poirier, Yoann Saillour, Emmanuelle Buhler, Guoling Tian, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Catherine Fallet-Bianco, Françoise Phan-Dinh-Tuy, Xiang Peng Kong, Pascale Bomont, Laëtitia Castelnau-Ptakhine, Sylvie Odent, Philippe Loget, Manoelle Kossorotoff, Irina Snoeck, Ghislaine Plessis, Philippe Parent, Cherif Beldjord, Carlos Cardoso, Alfonso Represa, Jonathan Flint, David Anthony Keays, Nicholas Justin Cowan, Jamel Chelly
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Decreased serum biochemical markers of muscle origin in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: E. J Giltay, D. van Schaardenburg, L. J G Gooren, P. J Kostense, B. A C Dijkmans
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

There is a lack of unanimity about (increased) serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), perhaps because of the inclusion of inappropriate controls. Therefore, serum levels of biochemical markers of muscle origin were assessed in AS patients compared with controls.In a comparative study serum levels of sarcoplasmic proteins indicating muscle cell leakage, creatinine, and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Fifty eight AS patients with a mean disease duration of 22 (SD 11) years and 58 age and sex matched controls (without back complaints) were included.Lower serum levels in AS patients compared with controls were found for CK (mean (SD): 46 (21) v 76 (44) IU/l; p<0.001), aldolase (0.43 (0.36) v 0.58 (0. 32) IU/l; p=0.001), creatinine (91 (13) v 96 (11) micromol/l; p=0. 02), alanine aminotransferase (2.8 (1.5) v 4.1 (2.9) IU/l; p=0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (7.0 (2.7) v 8.4 (3.5) IU/l; p=0.02). Also the lean body mass, as estimated by a formula using height, weight, age and sex, showed lower values in patients versus controls (56 (9) v 59 (9) kg; p=0.004), but creatinine clearance (by Cockcroft and Gault formula) was not different (p=0.48). Partial correlation coefficients adjusted for age and sex showed that CRP levels correlated negatively with CK and aldolase levels in AS patients (r= -0.48, p<0.001 and r= -0.37, p=0.005, respectively).Serum levels of biochemical markers of muscle origin were lower in AS patients compared with controls. Patients with active AS, as reflected by high CRP levels, may have an increased protein degradation, predominantly in skeletal muscle.
Delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity induced in feline Purkinje fibers by alpha-adrenergic stimulation in the presence of elevated calcium levels.
Authors: S Kimura, J S Cameron, P L Kozlovskis, A L Bassett, R J Myerburg
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We studied the ability of alpha-adrenergic stimulation to induce delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity in Purkinje fibers from cat hearts in the presence of an elevated Ca++ concentration. Delayed afterdepolarizations could not be induced at drive cycle lengths of 200 to 500 msec in the presence of extracellular Ca++ concentrations of 2.7 to 8.1 mM. However, the addition of 10(-5)M phenylephrine in the presence of 5 X 10(-7)M propranolol elicited delayed afterdepolarizations in eight of 10 preparations at a Ca++ concentration of 8.1 mM; nondrive-triggered action potentials were recorded from three of the preparations. These afterpotentials were completely suppressed by 5 X 10(-7)M prazosin or 10(-6)M phentolamine. In the presence of 5 X 10(-7)M propranolol, 10(-5)M phenylephrine prolonged action potential duration and this effect was suppressed by 5 X 10(-7)M prazosin. Methoxamine, at a concentration of 5 X 10(-6)M, was also observed to potentiate delayed afterdepolarizations in all of three preparations studied. These results demonstrate that alpha-adrenergic stimulation can induce afterpotentials in the presence of elevated Ca++ levels in cat hearts. Stimulation of alpha-adrenoceptors may be responsible for arrhythmias under Ca++-loaded conditions such as ischemia and coronary reperfusion.
Cost‐effectiveness of budesonide/formoterol for maintenance and reliever asthma therapy
Authors: D. Price, A. Wirén, P. Kuna
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort ® ) Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART) is an effective asthma‐management approach that treats symptoms with rapid increases in budesonide/formoterol. The cost‐effectiveness of SMART vs higher fixed‐dose budesonide/formoterol or salmeterol/fluticasone is unknown. Methods: This 6‐month, double‐blind study randomized patients with asthma uncontrolled by inhaled corticosteroids alone ( n = 3335; age ≥12 years) to budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg b.i.d. plus additional doses as needed (SMART), budesonide/formoterol 320/9 μg b.i.d. plus as‐needed terbutaline, or salmeterol/fluticasone 50/250 μg b.i.d. plus as‐needed terbutaline. Economic analysis, assuming health care and societal perspectives, applied 2004 UK and Australian unit costs to pooled resource‐use data. The effectiveness variable was the rate of severe exacerbations/patient/6 months. Results: Patients treated using the SMART approach experienced fewer severe exacerbations than fixed‐dose budesonide/formoterol and salmeterol/fluticasone patients (0.12 vs 0.16 and 0.19 events/patient/6 months, respectively; P ≤ 0.0048). Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort ® ) Maintenance and Reliever Therapy provided similar improvements in other markers of asthma control at a lower overall daily inhaled corticosteroid dose compared with fixed‐dose treatment. Study drug costs accounted for a majority of both direct costs (DC; 78–87%) and total costs (TC; 50–63%) for all treatments, and were significantly lower in the SMART group compared with the fixed‐dose groups ( P ≤ 0.0014). Direct and TC per patient/6 months were lower for SMART vs salmeterol/fluticasone (DC:–AUS$154, P &lt; 0.0001; TC:–AUS$163, P = 0.0036;–£87, P = 0.0026) and vs budesonide/formoterol using UK costs (DC:–£73, P &lt; 0.0001; TC:–£91, P = 0.0014). Costs tended to be lower for SMART vs budesonide/formoterol using Australian costs (DC:–AUS$35, P = 0.16; TC:–AUS$70, P = 0.20). Results were stable under sensitivity testing. Indirect resource use and cost were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion: Compared with higher fixed‐dose budesonide/formoterol and salmeterol/fluticasone, SMART reduces the incidence of severe exacerbations at a lower or similar overall cost and can be considered a cost‐effective treatment regimen.
Educational Opportunities With Postevent Debriefing
Authors: Paul C. Mullan, David O. Kessler, Adam Cheng
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Topical Administration of Vitamin A Acid for Ichthyosiform Dermatoses and Psoriasis
Authors: Phillip Frost
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Therapeutic responses to topical administration of preparations containing 0.1% to 0.3% vitamin A acid and control bases applied to contralateral areas of involvement were compared in 26 patients with psoriasis, 8 with ichthyosis vulgaris, 8 with X-linked ichthyosis, 17 with lamellar ichthyosis, and 10 with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Topical administration of vitamin A acid was most effective in psoriasis, lamellar ichthyosis, and epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, disorders associated with epidermal cell hyperplasia; it did not appear to be effective in ichthyosis vulgaris. Irritation with higher concentrations of vitamin A acid, which subsided rapidly when the medication was withheld, was the only adverse effect noted.
Usefulness of Scintigraphy With Tc-99m Phytate for the Diagnosis of Alcoholic Foamy Degeneration
Authors: SUSUMU SHIOMI, NOBUMITSU SASAKI, TADASHI YOKOGAWA, NORIFUMI KAWADA, HIROKI SAKAGUCHI, SHINYA NAKAJIMA, TETSUO KUROKI, JOJI KAWABE, HIRONOBU OCHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Purpose: Alcoholic foamy degeneration (AFD) is a liver disease causing temporary hepatocyte dysfunction. The prognosis is usually good, but liver biopsy is needed for diagnosis. We report the usefulness of liver-spleen scintigraphy with the radiocolloid Tc-99m phytate for the diagnosis of AFD. Patients and Methods: We used liver scintigraphy with Tc-99m phytate to study three patients with AFD diagnosed on the basis of findings from a liver biopsy. Results: Liver-spleen scintigraphy showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, and bone marrow was visible, but radioisotope uptake by the liver was uniform. Conclusions: This pattern of scintigraphic findings is different from that reported for patients with alcoholic fatty livers or severe alcoholic hepatitis, and seems to be specific for AFD.
The role of the oncofetal IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) in cancer
Authors: Marcell Lederer, Nadine Bley, Christian Schleifer, Stefan Hüttelmaier
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2014)

The post-transcriptional control of gene expression mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as well as miRNAs is essential to determine tumor cell fate and thus is a major determinant in cancerogenesis. The IGF2 mRNA binding protein family (IGF2BPs) comprises three RBPs. Two members of the family, IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP3, are bona fide oncofetal proteins, which are de novo synthesized in various human cancers. In vitro studies revealed that IGF2BPs serve as post-transcriptional fine-tuners modulating the expression of genes implicated in the control of tumor cell proliferation, survival, chemo-resistance and metastasis. Consistently, the expression of both IGF2BP family members was reported to correlate with an overall poor prognosis and metastasis in various human cancers. Due to the fact that most reports used a pan-IGF2BP antibody for studying IGF2BP expression in cancer, paralogue-specific functions can barely be evaluated at present. Nonetheless, the accordance of IGF2BPs' role in promoting an aggressive phenotype of tumor-derived cells in vitro and their upregulated expression in aggressive malignancies provides strong evidence that IGF2BPs are powerful post-transcriptional oncogenes enhancing tumor growth, drug-resistance and metastasis. This suggests IGF2BPs as powerful biomarkers and candidate targets for cancer therapy.
Synergestic induction of TARC in nasal epithelial cells and fibroblasts by IL-4/IL-13 and TNF-alpha, and its relation to CCR4+ IL-4+ T cells in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: R. Pawankar, S. Yamagishi, M. Nonaka, K. Hirai, C. Ozu, S. Watanabe
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Assisted suicide and euthanasia in Switzerland: Distinction needs to be made between choice and obligation
Authors: M. J Curtis
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR— I write in response to the article by Hurst and Mauron on assisted suicide.1 What is a human being? Our view of humankind almost always has consequences in our attitudes as to what is conceived to be right and wrong, how we understand, and how we interact with other people. As we are aware, the view of who a human being really is forms the basis for every question of …
House Staff Scheduling: A Computer-Aided Method
Authors: SOLIS JAMES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

A computer program has been developed to assume the chore of generating a year-long schedule of clinical rotations for house staff. A scheduling run on the IBM 7094 computer requires about a minute per pass, providing inexpensive and quick schedule generation. The input is extremely simple and can be easily modified if required. Schedule decisions take into account rotation requirements of the individual staff, absolute staffing requirements of the hospital compartments (wards, emergency room, specialized care units), vacation preferences of staff, and compatibilities of house officers. The program output offers information effective in making subsequent decisions required to improve on a tentative schedule. The system has the capability to reschedule at any time in the year without affecting previous vacation assignments. The program can schedule as many as 75 individuals into 19 compartments (rotations) on a given pass. Since the program is written in FORTRAN, it is applicable to general-purpose computers of intermediate size.
Adiponectin in renal disease: Relationship to phenotype and genetic variation in the gene encoding adiponectin
Authors: Peter Stenvinkel, Alicia Marchlewska, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Olof Heimbürger, Zhengzhong Zhang, Catherine Hoff, Cliff Holmes, Jonas Axelsson, Sivonne Arvidsson, Martin Schalling, Peter Barany, Bengt Lindholm, Louise Nordfors
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
THE CURE OF INGUINAL HERNIA
Authors: W. B. Heywood
Journal: BMJ (1917)

MDCDENCE. r -UAS461the arguments and conclusions set out by Dr. Traquair may be set.thefolIowing: Ofthe cases of blind children in ir.Harmnan's list 31.3 per cent.were certainly, and, In addition, 2.8 per cent.probably, due to syphilis; 24.35 per cent.were due to ophthalmia neonatorum.In adults there are no gonorrhoeal forms of blindness comparable in frequency with ophthalmia neonatorum.Of syphilitic blindness uveal effects and optic atrophy may or may not be comparable in children and adults there is no sufficient evidence either way but interstitial keratitis, so prolific a cause of blindness in tlle inherited syphilis of children, is a rare cause in the acquired syphilis of adults.On the -other hand, cases of accidental blindness are few in children and many in adults.Similarly, blindness from glaucoma and cataract heavily weight the scale for adults.,Finally, it is unsafe to argue from data gathered from
Relationship between apolipoprotein(a) phenotype, lipoprotein(a) concentration in plasma, and low density lipoprotein receptor function in a large kindred with familial hypercholesterolemia due to the pro664----leu mutation in the LDL receptor gene.
Authors: A K Soutar, S N McCarthy, M Seed, B L Knight
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

In a large kindred of 66 individuals, 22 were identified as heterozygous and 3 as homozygous for a mutation (pro664----leu) in the LDL-receptor gene that gives rise to familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). All the heterozygotes had a raised level of plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, but were remarkably free from premature coronary disease. Determination of apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) phenotype and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) concentration in plasma revealed that in many instances, involving individuals with various apo(a) phenotypes, there was no difference in plasma Lp(a) concentration between an FH heterozygote and an unaffected sibling with the same apo(a) phenotype. No significant difference in Lp(a) concentration was observed between groups of FH and non-FH of the same apo(a) phenotype, although in each case the mean value for the FH group was greater than that for the non-FH group. There was also evidence for an inherited trait that markedly increased Lp(a) concentration, which did not segregate with apo(a) phenotype or the defective LDL-receptor allele. The data provide no evidence for a strong multiplicative interaction between the gene loci for apo(a) and the LDL receptor.