tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of coach and player injury knowledge, attitudes and beliefs on adherence to the FIFA 11+ programme in female youth soccer
Authors: Carly D McKay, Kathrin Steffen, Maria Romiti, Caroline F Finch, Carolyn A Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Injury knowledge and beliefs influence uptake of prevention programmes, but the relationship between knowledge, beliefs and adherence remains unclear.To describe injury knowledge and beliefs among youth female soccer coaches and players, and to identify the relationship between these factors, different delivery strategies of the FIFA 11+ programme and adherence.A subcohort analysis from a cluster-randomised controlled trial of 31 female soccer teams (coaches n=29, players (ages 13-18) n=258). Preseason and postseason questionnaires were used to assess knowledge and beliefs. Teams recorded FIFA 11+ adherence during the season.At baseline, 62.8% (95% CI 48.4% to 77.3%) of coaches and 75.8% (95% CI 71.5% to 80.1%) of players considered 'inadequate warm-up' a risk factor for injury. There was no effect of delivery method (OR=1.1; 95% CI 0.8 to 1.5) or adherence (OR=1.0; 95% CI 0.9 to 1.1) on this belief. At baseline, 13.8% (95% CI 1.3% to 26.4%) of coaches believed a warm-up could prevent muscle injuries, but none believed it could prevent knee and ankle injuries. For players, 9.7% (95% CI 6.1% to 13.3%), 4.7% (95% CI 2.1% to 7.3%) and 4.7% (95% CI 2.1% to 7.3%) believed a warm-up would prevent muscle, knee and ankle injuries, respectively. Years of playing experience were negatively associated with high adherence for coaches (OR=0.93; 0.88 to 0.99) and players (OR=0.92; 0.85 to 0.98).There were gaps in injury knowledge and beliefs, which differed for coaches and players. Beliefs did not significantly affect adherence to the FIFA 11+, suggesting additional motivational factors should be considered.
Relationship Between Topotecan Systemic Exposure and Tumor Response in Human Neuroblastoma Xenografts
Authors: William C. Zamboni, Clinton F. Stewart, Peter J. Houghton, Joyce Thompson, Victor M. Santana, Pamela J. Cheshire, Lois B. Richmond, Janet A. Houghton, Xiaolong Luo, Catherine Poquette
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Topotecan is a topoisomerase I inhibitor with activity against xenografts of childhood solid tumors and established clinical activity against neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. We have studied the relationship between systemic exposure to and the antitumor activity of topotecan lactone (the active form of the drug) in the xenograft models. Furthermore, we determined whether the responses seen in these models occur at systemic exposure levels that are tolerable in children.Neuroblastoma xenografts derived from the tumors of six different patients were established subcutaneously in immune-deprived mice. Topotecan was administered by intravenous bolus injection 5 days a week for 2 consecutive weeks, repeated every 21 days for three cycles. The minimum daily doses that induced complete responses (CRs) and partial responses (PRs) were determined. Topotecan lactone pharmacokinetic studies were performed in both tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing mice.The minimum doses associated with CRs and PRs in four of the six neuroblastoma xenografts were 0.61 and 0.36 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The topotecan lactone single-day systemic exposures associated with these doses were 88 and 52 ng x hr/mL, respectively. There was an approximately sixfold difference in topotecan lactone systemic exposure (290 ng x hr/mL versus 52 ng x hr/mL) associated with achieving CRs in the least-sensitive and most-sensitive tumors, respectively.Neuroblastoma xenografts are highly sensitive to topotecan therapy, and responses in mice are achieved at systemic exposures similar to those that are clinically effective and tolerable in children. These results support the concept of deriving preclinical data relating systemic exposure to antitumor activity in xenograft models. Such data may be valuable in making informed decisions regarding the clinical development of new agents.
Anticoagulants During Pregnancy
Authors: Jeffrey S. Ginsberg, Jack Hirsh
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1989)

Anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy is problematic because both heparin and oral anticoagulants can potentially produce adverse maternal and fetal effects. Reviewing the relevant literature makes it clear that heparin is safer for the fetus than are oral anticoagulants. For the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease in pregnant patients, heparin is the preferred anticoagulant because its efficacy and safety are established. However, because the efficacy of heparin in preventing systemic embolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves is not established, either adjusted-dose heparin or a combination of heparin and oral anticoagulants can be used.
Expression of three members of the TNF-R family of receptors (4-1BB, lymphotoxin-beta receptor, and Fas) in human lung
Authors: V Boussaud, P Soler, J Moreau, RG Goodwin, AJ Hance
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Receptors belonging to the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) superfamily are implicated in a variety of important biological processes. Although messenger ribonucleic acid coding for many of these receptors has been detected in lung, little is known about their expression in this organ. In this study, immunohistochemical techniques were used to evaluate the expression of three receptors of this family (4-1BB, lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTbeta-R), and Fas) in normal human lung, lung carcinomas and by tuberculous and sarcoid granulomas. The 4-1BB receptor was uniformly expressed by endothelial cells of small vessels and by basal epithelial cells within pseudostratified bronchial epithelium. LTbeta-R expression by parenchymal cells was limited to those of epithelial origin (bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium, hyperplastic alveolar epithelium and lung carcinomas). Fas was present on both fibroblasts and epithelial cells (bronchial and alveolar epithelium and most, but not all, carcinomas), but not on endothelial cells. A subpopulation of T-lymphocytes expressed these receptors, but only Fas was detected on normal alveolar macrophages and epithelioid cells. Thus, 4-1BB, LTbeta-R, and Fas have characteristic and only partially overlapping patterns of expression in the lung. The findings should facilitate further evaluation of their role in lung homeostasis and pathology.
The loss of IgM memory B cells correlates with clinical disease in common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: Rita Carsetti, Maria Manuela Rosado, Simona Donnanno, Vanessa Guazzi, Annarosa Soresina, Antonella Meini, Alessandro Plebani, Fernando Aiuti, Isabella Quinti
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Gene expression profiles in psoriasis: analysis of impact of body site location and clinical severity
Authors: V. Quekenborn-Trinquet, P. Fogel, O. Aldana-Jammayrac, P. Ancian, M. Demarchez, P. Rossio, H.L. Richards, B. Kirby, C. Nguyen, J.J. Voegel, C.E.M. Griffiths
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Psoriasis is characterized by symmetry of plaques and modulation of multiple genes within those plaques. Objectives We compared gene expression profiles of plaques of psoriasis at different anatomical sites for both symmetrical and asymmetrical disease to ascertain whether the same genes were expressed. Methods Gene expression profiles were analysed in biopsies from lesional and uninvolved skin from two groups of patients with either predominantly symmetrical or truncal plaques of psoriasis vulgaris, and from normal skin of healthy volunteers. Genomic analyses were performed using cDNA array and kinetically monitored reverse transcriptase-initiated polymerase chain reaction (kRT-PCR) approaches. A cluster of genes upregulated in involved psoriasis skin as compared with normal skin was identified using each of these two technologies. Results Clustering of patients based on their gene expression profile did not reveal any correlation with family history of psoriasis, age at onset or association of psoriasis with arthritis. There was no difference in gene expression profile between the type (symmetrical vs. truncal) or location (left vs. right side of body) of psoriatic plaques. Gene expression profiles of involved psoriatic skin analysed by kRT-PCR analysis did correlate with both global (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) and local (erythema, desquamation and plaque elevation) clinical severity. Conclusions These results indicate that it may be feasible to analyse the molecular effects of pharmacological agents on psoriatic skin in 'minizone' protocols, that the obtained data can be correlated with clinical severity and that plaques of psoriasis in the same individual express the same genes.
Sites of tissue binding and uptake in vivo of bacterial lipopolysaccharide-high density lipoprotein complexes: studies in the rat and squirrel monkey.
Authors: R S Munford, J M Andersen, J M Dietschy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

When gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are injected intravenously into the rabbit or rat, they bind to plasma lipoproteins, particularly high density lipoproteins (HDL). The present studies were performed to examine the mechanisms by which LPS-HDL complexes are removed from the circulation and taken up by various tissues. Our approach was to compare the sites of specific tissue binding and uptake of HDL and of LPS-HDL complexes in the rat and squirrel monkey. In the rat, binding of homologous 125I-HDL was demonstrated principally in the adrenal gland, ovary, liver, and spleen. [3H]LPS-HDL complexes (produced in vitro by incubating Salmonella typhimurium [3H]LPS with rat HDL and lipoprotein-free plasma) bound to the same tissues, but with apparently lower affinities. The specificity of binding of both 125I-HDL and [3H]LPS-HDL to these organs was demonstrated in two ways. First, tissue binding of both radiolabeled preparations was swamped out by raising the circulating levels of HDL-cholesterol from 32 to 140 mg/dl. Second, treatment of the animals with dexamethasone abolished specific binding of both HDL preparations to the adrenal gland while administration of adrenocorticotropin increased the specific adrenal binding of the two preparations. The steady-state plasma clearance rate for 125I-HDL equaled 774 +/- 29 microliters/h and was significantly lower (557 +/- 39 microliters/h) for the LPS-HDL complex, a finding that presumably reflected the lesser ability of the various tissues to bind the LPS-HDL complex. Binding studies were also done in the squirrel monkey, an animal that has the same level of circulating HDL cholesterol as the rat, but nearly three times more cholesterol in low density lipoproteins. Specific binding of homologous 125I-HDL and [3H]LPS-HDL was again found principally in the adrenal gland and liver. The results indicate that the sites of tissue uptake of bacterial LPS are strongly influenced by binding of LPS to HDL. In particular, LPS-HDL binding may be an important determinant of the extent to which LPS are taken up by the adrenal gland during bacterial sepsis.
Coeliac disease during the teenage period: The value of serial serum folate estimations
Authors: D. G. Weir, D. OB. Hourihane
Journal: Gut (1974)

A group of teenage coeliac patients has been followed at three monthly intervals in the Outpatient Department to assess their progress and also to monitor their ability to maintain a gluten-free diet. After a follow-up period of four to six years a detailed reassessment was carried out in hospital on 10 patients, only five of whom had persevered with a gluten-free diet. The jejunal mucosal histology of those patients who did not persist with a gluten-free diet remained ;flat' although these patients appeared to have remitted clinically. Those subjects who did persist with a gluten-free regime had a normal or near normal mucosal histology. It was difficult on the basis of clinical, haematological, or biochemical criteria to separate the two groups. The best single assessment of whether these patients were maintaining a gluten-free diet was serial serum folate estimations. It is often extremely difficult to say whether teenage coeliac patients are keeping to their diet unless repeated jejunal biopsies are obtained, and this study suggests that serial serum folate estimations can act as a reasonable criterion of whether subjects are maintaining a gluten-free regime.
Novel gene and gene model detection using a whole genome open reading frame analysis in proteomics.
Authors: Damian Fermin, Baxter B Allen, Thomas W Blackwell, Rajasree Menon, Marcin Adamski, Yin Xu, Peter Ulintz, Gilbert S Omenn, David J States
Journal: Genome biology (2006)

Defining the location of genes and the precise nature of gene products remains a fundamental challenge in genome annotation. Interrogating tandem mass spectrometry data using genomic sequence provides an unbiased method to identify novel translation products. A six-frame translation of the entire human genome was used as the query database to search for novel blood proteins in the data from the Human Proteome Organization Plasma Proteome Project. Because this target database is orders of magnitude larger than the databases traditionally employed in tandem mass spectra analysis, careful attention to significance testing is required. Confidence of identification is assessed using our previously described Poisson statistic, which estimates the significance of multi-peptide identifications incorporating the length of the matching sequence, number of spectra searched and size of the target sequence database.Applying a false discovery rate threshold of 0.05, we identified 282 significant open reading frames, each containing two or more peptide matches. There were 627 novel peptides associated with these open reading frames that mapped to a unique genomic coordinate placed within the start/stop points of previously annotated genes. These peptides matched 1,110 distinct tandem MS spectra. Peptides fell into four categories based upon where their genomic coordinates placed them relative to annotated exons within the parent gene.This work provides evidence for novel alternative splice variants in many previously annotated genes. These findings suggest that annotation of the genome is not yet complete and that proteomics has the potential to further add to our understanding of gene structures.
Vascular Endothelial Cell–Specific NF-κB Suppression Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Renal Damage
Authors: Norbert Henke, Ruth Schmidt-Ullrich, Ralf Dechend, Joon-Keun Park, Fatimunnisa Qadri, Maren Wellner, Michael Obst, Volkmar Gross, Rainer Dietz, Friedrich C. Luft, Claus Scheidereit, Dominik N. Muller
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) participates in hypertension-induced vascular and target-organ damage. We tested whether or not endothelial cell-specific NF-kappaB suppression would be ameliorative. We generated Cre/lox transgenic mice with endothelial cell-restricted NF-kappaB super-repressor IkappaBalphaDeltaN (Tie-1-DeltaN mice) overexpression. We confirmed cell-specific IkappaBalphaDeltaN expression and reduced NF-kappaB activity after TNF-alpha stimulation in primary endothelial cell culture. To induce hypertension with target-organ damage, we fed mice a high-salt diet and N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) and infused angiotensin (Ang) II. This treatment caused a 40-mm Hg blood pressure increase in both Tie-1-DeltaN and control mice. In contrast to control mice, Tie-1-DeltaN mice developed a milder renal injury, reduced inflammation, and less albuminuria. RT-PCR showed significantly reduced expression of the NF-kappaB targets VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, compared with control mice. Thus, the data demonstrate a causal link between endothelial NF-kappaB activation and hypertension-induced renal damage. We conclude that in vivo NF-kappaB suppression in endothelial cells stops a signaling cascade leading to reduced hypertension-induced renal damage despite high blood pressure.
Tenofovir monotherapy versus tenofovir and entecavir combination therapy in adefovir-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients with multiple drug failure: results of a randomised trial
Authors: Young-Suk Lim, Byung Chul Yoo, Kwan Soo Byun, So Young Kwon, Yoon Jun Kim, Jihyun An, Han Chu Lee, Yung Sang Lee
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Objective</h3> Little clinical data are available regarding the optimal treatment of patients who harbour adefovir-resistant HBV. <h3>Design</h3> In this multicentre trial, patients who had adefovir-resistant HBV with serum HBV DNA levels &gt;60 IU/mL were randomised to receive tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, 300 mg/day) monotherapy (n=50) or TDF and entecavir (ETV, 1 mg/day) combination therapy (TDF/ETV, n=52) for 48 weeks. All who completed 48 weeks in either group received TDF monotherapy for 48 additional weeks. <h3>Results</h3> Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, including HBV DNA levels (median, 3.38 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL). All patients had adefovir-resistant HBV mutations; rtA181V/T and/or rtN236T. The proportion of patients with HBV DNA &lt;15 IU/mL was not significantly different between the TDF-TDF and TDF/ETV-TDF groups at weeks 48 (62% vs 63.5%; p=0.88) and 96 (64% vs 63.5%; p=0.96). The mean change in HBV DNA levels from baseline was not significantly different between groups at week 48 (−3.03 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL vs −3.31 log<sub>10</sub> IU/mL; p=0.38). Virological breakthrough occurred in one patient on TDF-TDF and two patients on TDF/ETV-TDF over 96 weeks; all were attributed to poor drug adherence. At week 96, five and two patients in the TDF-TDF and TDF/ETV-TDF groups, respectively, retained some of their baseline resistance mutations (p=0.44). None developed additional resistance mutations. Safety profiles were comparable in the two groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In patients with adefovir-resistant HBV and multiple-drug failure, TDF monotherapy provided a virological response comparable to that of TDF and ETV combination therapy, and was safe up to 96 weeks. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT01639066.
MicroRNA expression profiling in Imatinib-resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients without clinically significant ABL1-mutations
Authors: Edurne San José-Enériz, José Román-Gómez, Antonio Jiménez-Velasco, Leire Garate, Vanesa Martin, Lucia Cordeu, Amaia Vilas-Zornoza, Paula Rodríguez-Otero, María José Calasanz, Felipe Prósper, Xabier Agirre
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2009)

Abstract The development of Imatinib Mesylate (IM), the first specific inhibitor of BCR-ABL1, has had a major impact in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), establishing IM as the standard therapy for CML. Despite the clinical success obtained with the use of IM, primary resistance to IM and molecular evidence of persistent disease has been observed in 20-25% of IM treated patients. The existence of second generation TK inhibitors, which are effective in patients with IM resistance, makes identification of predictors of resistance to IM an important goal in CML. In this study, we have identified a group of 19 miRNAs that may predict clinical resistance to IM in patients with newly diagnosed CML.
Etiology and family history of pediatric cardiomyopathy: the early pediatric cardiomyopathy registry (PCMR) experience
Authors: S.E. Lipshultz, J.A. Towbin, M.A. Grenier, V. Osganian, S.D. Colan, L. Sleeper, R. Shaddy, G. Cox, P. Lurie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Neurochemical Basis of Acupuncture Analgesia
Authors: J S Han, L Terenius
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1982)

A review on acupuncture and its neurochemical basis may not seem to be within the general scope of this series. However, the phenomenon has attracted the interest of scientists from several disciplines, including phar­ macologists, and the use of drugs as probes has been instrumental in estab­ lishing the neurochemical basis of acupuncture. We have found it necessary to limit our review to studies of acupuncture for the relief of pain since research in other areas is still in its infancy. Since much of the work in this field has been published in periodicals not easily accessible to the general scientific community for linguistic or other reasons, we have chosen to provide a fairly extensive documentation. Although acupuncture has a very long history as a means for relieving pain (1, 2), its scientific study began very recently. Early studies revealed that the analgesic effect was blocked by procaine infiltration of acupuncture points and that it was not possible to induce analgesia in paraplegic or hemiplegic patients, pointing to the importance of afferent transmission (3-6). Involvement of chemical mediators in the central nervous system (CNS) was suggested from experiments where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of donor rabbits given acupuncture was infused into the cerebral ventricles of recipient rabbits, increasing their pain thresholds (7). An important series of findings came in the 1970s when several investiga­ tors presented carefully controlled experimental studies using different ap­ proaches. Andersson et al verified the effect of acupuncture on thresholds to pain, experimentally induced by tooth pulp stimulation in healthy volun-
IL‐3 does not affect the allergic airway responses and leukotriene production after allergen challenge in rats
Authors: T. Du, J.G. Martin, L.J. Xu, W.s Powell, P.M. Renzi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

T cell cytokines are important in asthma. Interleukin (IL)-3, an important growth factor for mast cells and eosinophils has been shown to be increased in the airways of asthmatic subjects, but its precise functions are uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine whether recombinant human (rh) IL-3 affected airway responses, inflammation and leukotriene production after antigen challenge in Brown Norway (BN) rats. Having established that rhIL-3 (&gt;12.5 microg subcutaneously b.i.d. for 4 days) caused a doubling of mast cell numbers in the airways of BN rats, sensitized rats were pretreated with rhIL-3 (50 microg) or vehicle subcutaneously b.i.d. for 4 days. Ovalbumin (OA) challenge was performed and the early (EAR), and late (LAR) airway response and the associated biliary leukotriene (LT) excretion measured. The pulmonary cellularity was evaluated by means of lung digestion 8 h after challenge. IL-3 increased the number of eosinophils isolated from the lungs after antigen challenge (0.77+/-0.23 versus 0.38+/-0.12 x 10(6) cells, p=0.03). However, there were no effects on the numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. Neither the EAR nor the LAR after OA challenge were altered by IL-3. Likewise biliary cysteinyl-LT excretion was similar in IL-3-treated animals and controls after challenge. In conclusion, interleukin-3 caused an increase in the numbers of mast cells and eosinophils around the airways without affecting the magnitude of either early or late airway responses or mediator release after antigen challenge. The present results suggest that airway inflammation can occur in rats without increasing the allergic asthmatic response.