tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Methotrexate-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Consolidating Radiotherapy in Non–AIDS-Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Group Phase II Trial 20962
Authors: Philip M.P. Poortmans, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, Hanny Haaxma-Reiche, Mars Van’t Veer, Mads Hansen, Pierre Soubeyran, Martin Taphoorn, José Thomas, Martin Van den Bent, Martin Fickers, Gustaaf Van Imhoff, Cynthia Rozewicz, Ivana Teodorovic, Martine van Glabbeke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To confirm the feasibility and estimate the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX), teniposide, carmustine, and methylprednisolone (MBVP) chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (RT) for patients with non-AIDS-related primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) treated in a multicenter setting.Treatment consisted of two cycles of MBVP (MTX 3 g/m2 days 1 and 15, teniposide 100 mg/m2 days 2 and 3, carmustine 100 mg/m2 day 4, methylprednisolone 60 mg/m2 days 1 to 5, and two intrathecal injections of MTX 15 mg, cytarabine 40 mg, and hydrocortisone 25 mg) followed by 40 Gy of RT. Primary end points were response and safety of this regimen.Twelve centers included 52 patients who were all analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Median follow-up of all patients was 27 months. One patient progressed and died before treatment, and five patients died during treatment. Four patients received RT after one cycle of chemotherapy, and 42 patients completed the entire treatment. Hematologic grade 3 and 4 toxicity was seen in 78% of patients for leukocytes and 24% of patients for platelets. The overall response rate of all 52 patients was 81%. Two patients who did not fulfill the criteria of objective response survived more than 1 year; one of them is still alive without disease. Eighteen patients died; 11 deaths were a result of tumor, five were probably treatment-related, one was caused by late leukoencephalopathy, and one was a result of intercurrent disease. Median estimated overall survival was 46 months.MBVP followed by RT for PCNSL has a high response rate. However, the 10% toxic death rate during treatment in a multicenter setting underlines the need for highly specialized care.
Mutations in neutrophil elastase causing congenital neutropenia lead to cytoplasmic protein accumulation and induction of the unfolded protein response
Authors: Inga Köllner, Beate Sodeik, Sabine Schreek, Holger Heyn, Nils von Neuhoff, Manuela Germeshausen, Cornelia Zeidler, Martin Krüger, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Karl Welte, Carmela Beger
Journal: Blood (2006)
Cigar and Pipe Smoking and Lung Cancer Risk: a Multicenter Study From Europe
Authors: P. Boffetta, G. Pershagen, K.-H. Jockel, F. Forastiere, V. Gaborieau, J. Heinrich, I. Jahn, M. Kreuzer, F. Merletti, F. Nyberg, F. Rosch, L. Simonato
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

BACKGROUND: Because limited information is available on the quantitative association between consumption of tobacco products other than cigarettes and lung cancer risk, we undertook a case-control study of this relationship. METHODS: We investigated lung cancer risk among smokers of cigars and/or cigarillos only and of pipes only and compared these risks with the risk of smokers of cigarettes only in a case-control study conducted in seven European areas. Our study population consisted of 5621 male case patients with lung cancer and 7255 male control subjects. Each subject or his proxy was interviewed with respect to the subject's smoking history and other risk factors for lung cancer. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for smoking cigars and cigarillos only was 9.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.8-14.1), based on 43 exposed case patients and 77 exposed control subjects, and the OR for smoking a pipe only was 7.9 (95% CI = 5.3-11.8), representing 61 case patients and 129 control subjects. The OR for smoking cigarettes only was 14.9 (95% CI = 12.3-18.1), based on 4204 case patients and 3930 control subjects. A dose-response relationship was present for duration of use and cumulative consumption both for cigars and cigarillos and for pipe tobacco. An effect was also suggested for inhalation of cigar and cigarillo smoke. The dose-response relationships between lung cancer risk and either duration of smoking or average and cumulative consumption were similar for cigar and cigarillo smoking, pipe smoking, and cigarette smoking. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that smoking of European cigars, cigarillos, and pipe tobacco might exert a carcinogenic effect on the lung comparable to that of cigarettes.
Tetraspanins and vascular functions
Authors: F. Zhang, J. Kotha, L. K. Jennings, X. A. Zhang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Tetraspanins are multiple membrane-spanning proteins that likely function as the organizers of membrane microdomains. Tetraspanins associate with other membrane-bound molecules such as cell-adhesion proteins, growth factor receptors, and Ig superfamily members and regulate key cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, and fusion. Tetraspanins are widely expressed in vascular and haematopoietic cells and are involved in both physiological and pathological processes related to angiogenesis, vascular injury, thrombosis, and haemostasis. A wide body of evidence suggests that tetraspanins directly regulate the development and functions of the vascular system and the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. This article reviews current understanding of the roles of tetraspanins in vascular functions.
Long-Term Clinical Outcome After Postchemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection in Men With Residual Teratoma
Authors: Brett S. Carver, Bobby Shayegan, Angel Serio, Robert J. Motzer, George J. Bosl, Joel Sheinfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose The histologic finding of teratoma occurs in approximately 40% of all postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissections (PC-RPLND). We evaluated patients at our institution undergoing initial PC-RPLND for teratoma to determine their clinical outcome. Patients and Methods We identified 210 patients from 1989 to 2003 with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) who underwent initial PC-RPLND and were found to have only teratoma in the retroperitoneum. Clinical and pathologic information was obtained from our prospective surgical database, and clinical outcome was reported. Results Of the 210 patients in our series, 192 (92%) received only induction chemotherapy, and 18 (9%) required additional chemotherapy regimens. PC-RPLND pathology revealed mature teratoma in 178 patients (85%), immature teratoma in 15 patients (7%), and teratoma with malignant transformation in 17 patients (8%). With a median follow-up time for survivors of 37 months, disease recurred in 30 patients. The probability of remaining free of disease recurrence at 5 and 10 years was 83% and 80%, respectively. Of the 30 patients with disease recurrence, 10 (33%) had recurrence with teratoma, five (17%) had recurrence with teratoma with malignant transformation, and 15 (50%) had recurrence with viable germ cell tumor. On multivariable analysis, residual mass size and International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) risk classification were predictors of disease recurrence (P &lt; .0005 and = .001, respectively). Conclusion PC-RPLND remains critical in the management of patients with NSGCT. Patients found to have teratoma at PC-RPLND have a 10-year probability of freedom from recurrence of 80%. The size of the residual mass and IGCCCG risk classification were significant predictors of disease recurrence.
Health Policy and Diabetes Care: Is It Time to Put Politics Aside?
Authors: William H. Herman, William T. Cefalu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

The burden of chronic diseases is enormous and growing, not only in the U.S. but also around the world. The control of chronic diseases requires effective approaches, including patient education, provider knowledge, and team care. Effective policies must also be enacted to address chronic diseases at a local, state, and federal level. This is especially true with regard to diabetes, which in the U.S. cost $245 billion in 2012 and consumed 1 in every 10 health care dollars (1). The current trajectory for economic costs for the U.S. is not sustainable … perhaps the time is right to reevaluate our health policies.

Implementing policies to prevent or treat a disease is clearly not a trivial matter, and such efforts seem to be more effective when there are specific goals. Childhood immunizations provide a good example. In the 1990s, half of the children in this country were not appropriately immunized against communicable diseases (2). As was elegantly summarized (2), “It took strong evidence and a powerful political and organizational movement to get 90 percent of the children in this country immunized. That meant winning the support of the states, professional groups, pediatricians, and health maintenance organizations; obtaining funding from Congress so the shots could be provided in doctors’ offices, clinics, hospitals, and pharmacies at almost no charge; and developing an immunization tracking system.” 

What health policies might similarly alter the medical landscape for chronic diseases such as diabetes? In this regard, evaluating the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in general, and Medicaid expansion in particular, on diabetes identification and treatment would be of interest. In this issue of Diabetes Care , Kaufman et al. (3) provide one of the first reports on the effect of Medicaid expansion on diabetes diagnosis. The authors reported that in states that expanded Medicaid, …
Acute whole body vibration training increases vertical jump and flexibility performance in elite female field hockey players
Authors: D J Cochrane, S R Stannard
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

To quantify the acute effect of whole body vibration (WBV) training on arm countermovement vertical jump (ACMVJ), grip strength, and flexibility performance.Eighteen female elite field hockey players each completed three interventions of WBV, control, and cycling in a balanced random manner. WBV was performed on a Galileo machine (26 Hz) with six different exercises being performed. For the control, the same six exercises were performed at 0 Hz, whilst cycling was performed at 50 W. Each intervention was 5 min in duration with ACMVJ, grip strength, and flexibility measurements being conducted pre and post intervention.There was a positive interaction effect (intervention x pre-post) of enhanced ACMVJ (p<0.001) and flexibility (p<0.05) parameters following WBV; however no changes were observed after the control and cycling interventions. There was no interaction effect for grip strength following the three interventions.Acute WBV causes neural potentiation of the stretch reflex loop as shown by the improved ACMVJ and flexibility performance. Additionally, muscle groups less proportionally exposed to vibration do not exhibit physiological changes that potentiate muscular performance.
Genotype-phenotype correlations in PCD patients carrying DNAH5 mutations
Authors: Kispert A, Petry M, Olbrich H, Volz A, Ketelsen Up, Horvath J, Melkaoui R, Omran H, Zariwala M, Noone Pg, Knowles M
Journal: Thorax (2003)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects a substantial portion of adults visiting the emergency department (ED). Current treatment is limited in scope and does not effectively reduce musculoskeletal pain in patients. The study will evaluate the use of duloxetine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of chronic pain, as a promising option in its prevention. The proposed study may present a well-tolerated and effective non-opioid treatment for patients with acute musculoskeletal pain that may also be effective in preventing the transition to persistent or chronic musculoskeletal pain. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> The primary outcome of this study will be to assess the tolerability and preliminary effectiveness of duloxetine in patients with acute musculoskeletal pain. The study will take place at two EDs in Rhode Island, USA. The study will involve randomisation to one of three arms: duloxetine 30 mg, duloxetine 60 mg or placebo. Tolerability will be assessed by comparing the proportion of participants that report an adverse event and that drop-out across the three study arms. Effectiveness will be determined by self-reported pain over 6 weeks of follow-up. Specifically, we will compare the proportion of participants with persistent pain (ongoing pain at 6-week follow-up), across the three study arms. 60 adults (aged 18–59) presenting to the ED with acute axial musculoskeletal pain within 7 days of onset are expected to be enrolled in the proposed study. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Ethics approval was obtained by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). These results will be published in a peer reviewed scientific journal and presented at one or more scientific conferences. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT03315533.
Long-term evaluation of seasonal out-of-pocket medical costs in patients with chronic respiratory disease based on a survey
Authors: Ritsuko Wakabayashi, Tomoko Kutsuzawa, Kumiko Hattori, Takeo Ishii, Yuji Kusunoki, Kouichi Yamada, Akihiko Gemma, Kozui Kida
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Out-of-pocket medical costs (OPMC) hamper long-term self-management in patients with chronic respiratory disease (CRD), an economic burden for public medical insurance.

Objectives: To evaluate the OPMC in patients with CRD and to determine if these costs show seasonal variations.

Methods: A biannual questionnaire was sent to CRD patients that visited the Respiratory Care Clinic between 2005 and 2011 in summer and winter. The survey included questions on the number of common cold episodes, emergency hospital visits, and hospitalizations and the OPMC during each season.

Results: A total of 6,021 completed questionnaires were received from 1,660 patients over 7 years. The mean age, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1% predicted were 64.9 years, 2.12 L, and 80.1%, respectively. The mean frequency of common cold episodes was 0.41 ± 1.02 in summer and 0.68 ± 1.24 in winter (p < 0.0001), and a similar trend was seen every year over 7 years. However, the number of emergency visits (0.53 ± 1.13) and hospitalizations (0.08 ± 0.31) and the average OPMC (€353.32 ± €946.33) did not differ according to season.

Conclusion: Although common cold episodes were significantly more frequent in winter, OPMC were uniform throughout the year for patients with CRD. Thus, additional patient education with regard to minimising OPMC is required.
Right intralobar sequestration with arterial supply from left gastric artery
Authors: Ilaria Onorati, Daniele Diso, Michele Anzidei, Tiziano De Giacomo, Marco Anile
Journal: Thorax (2015)

A 61-year-old man with recurrent episodes of haemoptysis and pneumonia underwent chest CT scan showing an intralobar sequestration in the right lower lobe (figure 1); at the multiplane CT reconstruction, the artery supplying the sequestration arose from the left gastric artery (figure 2). The patient underwent …
Acute liver failure in a patient with lung cancer
Authors: K M Jamil, T V. Hagan, J Trotter, W Cheng, N Kontorinis
Journal: Gut (2007)

A 63-year-old man with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer presented with dyspnoea, cough and pleuritic chest pain. Examination revealed fever and dehydration with normal cardiovascular, chest and abdominal examination.

Investigations: Alanine aminotransferase level 2760 IU/l, total bilirubin 25 μmol/l, alkaline …
Academic Achievement in Primary School in Offspring Born to Mothers With Type 1 Diabetes (the EPICOM Study): A Register-Based Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sine Knorr, Tine D. Clausen, Zuzana Vlachová, Birgitte Bytoft, Peter Damm, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Dorte M. Jensen, Svend Juul, Claus Højbjerg Gravholt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE This study examined the effect of maternal pregestational type 1 diabetes on offspring primary school performance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a prospective combined clinical and register-based cohort study comparing primary school performance in offspring (n = 707) of women with pregestational type 1 diabetes with matched control offspring (n = 60,341). We also examined the association between HbA1c levels during pregnancy and later school performance among offspring born to women with pregestational type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Offspring of mothers with pregestational type 1 diabetes obtained similar school grades as control offspring when finishing primary school (regression coefficient [β] = –0.13; 95% CI = –0.30 to 0.03; P = 0.12). Adjusting for parental education also resulted in an insignificant difference between the two groups (β = –0.07; 95% CI = –0.23 to 0.09; P = 0.37). Among offspring of women with type 1 diabetes, increasing maternal HbA1c pregestationally and throughout the pregnancy was associated with lower average school grades. Offspring born to mothers with good glycemic control in the third trimester obtained higher average school grades compared with control offspring. The opposite applied to offspring born to mothers with inadequate glycemic control, who obtained significantly lower average school grades compared with control offspring. CONCLUSIONS Offspring of mothers with pregestational type 1 diabetes obtained similar average grades when finishing primary school compared with matched control offspring. Among offspring of women with type 1 diabetes, we found a consistent negative association between maternal HbA1c in pregnancy and primary school grades. However, whether this association reflects a direct causal influence of intrauterine hyperglycemia is uncertain.
Anti-phosphocholine hybridoma antibodies. I. Direct evidence for three distinct families of antibodies in the murine response
Authors: JL Claflin, S Hudak, A Maddalena
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Biochemical and serological studies were performed on more than 400 anti- phosphocholine (PC) hybridoma proteins (HP) derived from six strains of mice; 26 of these HP were examined in detail. All HP possessed specificity for PC, and all those tested contained an H-chain idiotypic determinant, V(H)-PC, which is shared by PC-binding myeloma proteins (BMP) and anti-PC antibodies. Among the HP, three well-defined and distinct families that correlated well with previous studies on serum anti-PC antibodies were identified. The largest group shared idotypic determinants, an L-chain isoelectric focusing (IEF) pattern, and a binding site specificity with the PC-BMP, T15. Using the same criteria, a second group was found to be strikingly similar to another PC-BMP, M603. The third group possessed an idiotypic determinant and an L-chain IEF profile similar to M511, but differences in binding site specificities were observed among the HP. The latter two groups contained members whose L-chain IEF profiles were not identical to other members of that group. Thus, among strains there is a remarkable degree of conservation among responding anti-PC antibodies, in both the kinds of anti-PC families that exist and the immunochemical and structural characteristics of various members within a family. Differences in at least one parameter were observed in each family, demonstrating that even a relatively restricted response is heterogeneous. However, this diversity seems to operate within certain constraints.
Activation of estrogen receptor-β regulates hippocampal synaptic plasticity and improves memory
Authors: Feng Liu, Mark Day, Luis C Muñiz, Daniel Bitran, Robert Arias, Raquel Revilla-Sanchez, Steve Grauer, Guoming Zhang, Cody Kelley, Virginia Pulito, Amy Sung, Ronald F Mervis, Rachel Navarra, Warren D Hirst, Peter H Reinhart, Karen L Marquis, Stephen J Moss, Menelas N Pangalos, Nicholas J Brandon
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2008)
Mechanism of ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction of the large epicardial coronary artery in conscious dogs a month after arterial injury.
Authors: K Egashira, H Tomoike, Y Hayashi, A Yamada, M Nakamura, A Takeshita
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

This study investigated the mechanism of ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction of coronary artery in conscious dogs that had undergone endothelial denudation one month earlier. The diameter of the large epicardial coronary artery was continuously measured by a sonomicrometer in 12 dogs in which two pairs of 10-MHz piezoelectric crystals had been surgically implanted at the denuded and nondenuded sites of coronary arteries. A month after the endothelial denudation, intravenous ergonovine (0.01, 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg) produced transient dilation followed by dose-dependent constriction. The degrees of dilation were comparable between the denuded and nondenuded sites. The magnitudes of constriction induced by ergonovine were significantly larger in the denuded site than in the nondenuded site: the percent reductions in diameter evoked with 0.3 mg ergonovine were 14.4 +/- 2.3% and 3.8 +/- 0.8% (p less than 0.01) at the denuded and nondenuded sites, respectively. The magnitudes of constriction induced by intravenous phenylephrine (0.02, 0.06, and 0.2 mg) were comparable in the denuded and nondenuded sites. Methysergide (a nonselective serotonergic blocker) in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg significantly inhibited vasoconstriction induced by ergonovine (0.3 mg) from 13.1 +/- 1.1% to 2.7 +/- 1.0% (p less than 0.01) at the denuded site and from 4.2 +/- 0.6% to 0.8 +/- 0.3% (p less than 0.05) at the nondenuded site. Diltiazem (1.0 mg/kg) selectively inhibited the ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction. Ketanserin (0.5 mg/kg), prazosin (1.0 mg/kg), or indomethacin (5.0 mg/kg) did not prevent the ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction. Histological study revealed intimal thickening and regenerated endothelium in the denuded site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Infection After Splenectomy
Authors: R. Gregory Jowers
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section ofThe Journal, Theodore H. Spaet, MD (242:1413, 1979), concluded that long-term complications of splenectomy after trauma in adults were negligible. Although reference was made to the increased susceptibility to infection in asplenic patients, the author limited the risk to young children and "perhaps adolescents." In November 1977, Gopal and Bisno<sup>1</sup>reported the cases of five asplenic persons without underlying disease in whom fulminant pneumococcemia developed. Three of the five patients were 15, 20, and 27 years of age, and all three patients died. Gopal and Bisno also presented an extensive literature review and summarized 20 other cases of overwhelming pneumococcemia in a "normal" asplenic host. Fourteen of the patients were 18 years or older, with an age range of from 7 to 71 years. Gopal and Bisno emphasized that the syndrome of fulminant pneumococcemia is abrupt in onset, with