tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Massive hemolysis following inhalation of volatile nitrites
Authors: Lee Bogart, Justine Bonsignore, Angelina Carvalho
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract Volatile nitrites are drugs which have become widely used for their mood‐altering and aphrodisiac effects. Their use has been associated with methemoglobinemia and mild hemolysis; more significant hemolysis has been noted in a patient with G6PD deficiency. We report here a case of massive hemolysis following inhalation of volatile nitrites in the absence of an apparent intrinsic red cell defect. It is important that health care workers are aware of side effects from these commonly abused substances.
Nickel sensitivity resembling bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Raj Kubba, R.H. Champion
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article Nickel sensitivity resembling bullous pemphigoid Get access Raj Kubba, Raj Kubba Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.H. Champion R.H. Champion Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Pages 41–43, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06790.x Published: 01 July 1975
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt improves liver function in veno-occlusive disease
Authors: Peter P. Michielsen, Paul A. Pelckmans, Olivier C. d'Archambeau, Arthur M. De Schepper, Eric A. Van Marck, Leo Meerman, Elizabeth B. Haagsma, Philippe G. Jorens, Yvan M. Van Maercke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Current State of Type 1 Diabetes Treatment in the U.S.: Updated Data From the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Kellee M. Miller, Nicole C. Foster, Roy W. Beck, Richard M. Bergenstal, Stephanie N. DuBose, Linda A. DiMeglio, David M. Maahs, William V. Tamborlane
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

To examine the overall state of metabolic control and current use of advanced diabetes technologies in the U.S., we report recent data collected on individuals with type 1 diabetes participating in the T1D Exchange clinic registry. Data from 16,061 participants updated between 1 September 2013 and 1 December 2014 were compared with registry enrollment data collected from 1 September 2010 to 1 August 2012. Mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was assessed by year of age from &amp;lt;4 to &amp;gt;75 years. The overall average HbA1c was 8.2% (66 mmol/mol) at enrollment and 8.4% (68 mmol/mol) at the most recent update. During childhood, mean HbA1c decreased from 8.3% (67 mmol/mol) in 2–4-year-olds to 8.1% (65 mmol/mol) at 7 years of age, followed by an increase to 9.2% (77 mmol/mol) in 19-year-olds. Subsequently, mean HbA1c values decline gradually until ∼30 years of age, plateauing at 7.5–7.8% (58–62 mmol/mol) beyond age 30 until a modest drop in HbA1c below 7.5% (58 mmol/mol) in those 65 years of age. Severe hypoglycemia (SH) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remain all too common complications of treatment, especially in older (SH) and younger patients (DKA). Insulin pump use increased slightly from enrollment (58–62%), and use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) did not change (7%). Although the T1D Exchange registry findings are not population based and could be biased, it is clear that there remains considerable room for improving outcomes of treatment of type 1 diabetes across all age-groups. Barriers to more effective use of current treatments need to be addressed and new therapies are needed to achieve optimal metabolic control in people with type 1 diabetes.
Protection from Oxygen Toxicity with Endotoxin
Authors: L. Frank, J. Summerville, D. Massaro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Endotoxin treatment of adult rats before hyperoxic exposure significantly increases their survival rate in >95% O2 (J. Clin. Invest.61: 269, 1978). In this study, we wished to determine: (a) whether endotoxin would protect against O2 toxicity if it were administered after the animals were already in >95% O2 for 12-48 h; and (b) the relationship between the endogenous antioxidant enzymes of the lung and the protective effect of endotoxin treatment.
Mucociliary transport using 99mTc-albumin colloid: a reliable screening test for primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: K De Boeck
Journal: Thorax (2005)

A study was undertaken to assess the reliability of the nasal mucociliary transport test using 99mTc-albumin colloid as a screening test for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and to compare it with the gold standard nasal biopsy for study of ciliary motility and ultrastructure.During a 4 year period both tests were performed in 55 children referred with persistent or recurrent respiratory tract infections. Their median age was 4 years (range 1 month to 15 years).The nasal biopsy results were as follows: PCD, n = 8; secondary ciliary dyskinesia (SCD), n = 19; normal, n = 28. The mucociliary transport test was abnormal in 29 patients (all 8 with PCD, 7/19 with SCD, and 14/28 with a normal biopsy). The sensitivity of the mucociliary transport test to diagnose PCD was therefore 100% (8/8) (95% exact confidence limits 63.06 to 100.00); the specificity was only 55% (26/47) (40.95 to 69.89). The negative predictive value was 100% (26/26) (86.77 to 100.00) and the positive predictive value was 28% (8/29) (12.37 to 47.24).Mucociliary transport is a non-invasive screening test that can be performed even in infants. The sensitivity of the test is high but its specificity is low. A normal test result excludes PCD.
Carcinoma of the Colon and Stomach
Authors: lan L. MacGregor
Journal: JAMA (1974)

CANCERS arising within the gastrointestinal tract are diseases of major proportion. It is estimated that in 1973 in the United States 97,300 people will die of cancer of the digestive organs; death from cancer of the colon and rectum (47,400 people) being second only to cancer of the lung (72,000 people).<sup>1</sup>Despite increased awareness of the early symptoms of colonic cancer, improvements in diagnosis, and advances in surgery the death rate for cancer of the colon has not changed appreciably during the last 40 years. During the same period, the death rate from pancreatic cancer has increased, esophageal cancer has remained much the same, and the incidence and death rate from gastric cancer has decreased sharply.<sup>1</sup> There are various recognized causes in the development of gastrointestinal malignancies. <h3>Carcinoma of the Colon</h3><h3>Hereditary Factors.—</h3> The importance of genetic factors is well-recognized in conditions such as familial polyposis and its
Cyclooxygenase-2 and Cancer Treatment: Understanding the Risk Should Be Worth the Reward
Authors: David G. Menter, Richard L. Schilsky, Raymond N. DuBois
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Targeting the prostaglandin (PG) pathway is potentially a critical intervention for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Central to PG biosynthesis are two isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX 1 and 2), which produce prostaglandin H(2) (PGH(2)) from plasma membrane stores of fatty acids. COX-1 is constitutively expressed, whereas COX-2 is an inducible isoform upregulated in many cancers. Differences between COX-1 and COX-2 catalytic sites enabled development of selective inhibitors. Downstream of the COX enzymes, prostaglandin E(2) synthase converts available PGH(2) to prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), which can stimulate cancer progression. Significant research efforts are helping identify more selective targets and fully elucidate the downstream targets of prostaglandin E(2)-mediated oncogenesis. Nonetheless, as a key rate-limiting control point of PG biosynthesis, COX-2 continues to be an important anticancer target. As we embark upon a new era of individualized medicine, a better understanding of the individual risk and/or benefit involved in COX-2 selective targeting is rapidly evolving. This review endeavors to summarize developments in our understanding of COX-2 and its downstream targets as vital areas of anticancer research and to provide the current status of an exciting aspect of molecular medicine.
A Controlled Trial of Povidone–Iodine as Prophylaxis against Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Authors: Sherwin J. Isenberg, Leonard Apt, Mark Wood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum) continues to cause blindness, because the agents used prophylactically to prevent this condition are not completely effective and are not widely available in many parts of the world. Povidone–iodine ophthalmic solution is an effective antibacterial agent with broad antibacterial and antiviral activity to which no bacteria are known to be resistant, and it is far less expensive and less toxic than the agents currently used to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis.
Long-term Cognitive Impairment and Functional Disability Among Survivors of Severe Sepsis
Authors: Theodore J. Iwashyna, E. Wesley Ely, Dylan M. Smith, Kenneth M. Langa
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Context-Cognitive impairment and functional disability are major determinants of caregiving needs and societal healthcare costs.Although the incidence of severe sepsis is high and rising, especially among older adults, the magnitude of patients' long-term cognitive and functional limitations after sepsis is unknown.Objective-Determine the change in cognitive impairment and physical functioning among patients who survive severe sepsis, controlling for their pre-sepsis functioning. Design-Prospective cohort.Setting-The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) conducted interviews with a nationally representative cohort of older Americans every 2 years during 1998-2006.There were 9,223 HRS respondents with linked Medicare claims who had a baseline cognitive and functional assessment 1998-2004.Patients-1,520 hospitalizations for severe sepsis occurred in 1,194 patients, as ascertained from Medicare claims linked to the HRS.Of this group, 516 individuals survived 623 episodes of severe sepsis and had at least 1 follow-up survey, and were analyzed here.A comparison group included 5,574 respondents who experienced a non-sepsis general hospitalization in the study period, of whom 4,517 survived to at least 1 follow-up survey for analysis here. Interventions-NoneMain Outcomes Measures-Personal interviews with respondents and proxies were used to assess cognitive impairment using the validated modified-TICS and IQCODE questionnaires.Disability was measured by the number of ADLs and IADLs for which patients needed assistance.We used within-person regression to identify the association of sepsis with changes in the trajectory of disability with up to 8 years of post-sepsis follow-up.
Iliopsoas injury in soccer players.
Authors: M Mozes, M Z Papa, A Zweig, H Horoszowski, R Adar
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1985)

Injuries to the iliopsoas muscle are rarely mentioned in the literature dealing with soccer-related trauma. This report describes our experience in the successful diagnosis and treatment of iliopsoas injury in 40 professional soccer players. These injuries were not associated with direct external trauma to the muscle. Anatomical and functional characteristics of the iliopsoas are reviewed as they relate to the diagnosis and to the treatment by direct local injection with corticosteroids. A safe anatomical approach to the iliopsoas below the inguinal ligament is described.
cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting factors directing basal and cAMP-stimulated human renin gene expression in chorionic cells.
Authors: P Borensztein, S Germain, S Fuchs, J Philippe, P Corvol, F Pinet
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Much knowledge was accumulated in the regulation of plasma renin activity and renin secretion during recent years. However, the mechanisms of renin gene transcription, especially for the human gene, have been poorly studied because of the lack of cell lines expressing renin. Cells derived from chorion tissue were used to study renin gene transcription because these cells express renin and regulate renin secretion in a similar way to JG cells. The present study was performed to determine the cis-regulatory elements and the trans-acting factors involved in human renin gene expression using chorionic cells. Transient DNA transfections were performed with various constructs containing the 5'-flanking region of the human renin gene. 5'-Deletion analysis of the human renin promoter (from -2616 to -67 bp) revealed the presence of two proximal negative cis-regulatory elements between -374 and -273 bp and between -273 and -137 bp. These elements were not present in a non-renin-producing cell line, JEG-3 cells. DNase I footprinting revealed that two sequences located within these regions bind trans-factors present in chorionic cellular nuclear extract: AGE3-like sequence (-293/-273) and apolipoprotein A1 regulatory protein-1-like sequence (-259/-245). The first 110 bp of the renin promoter were sufficient to direct specific expression in chorionic cells and contained two footprints sharing homology with ets (-29/-6) and pituitary-specific factor (Pit-1) (-70/-62) sequences. Furthermore, one footprint (-234/-214) contained the sequence TAGCGTCA, which shares strong homology to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) binding site. Gel shift analysis showed specific DNA/protein complexes within this region, which were displaced by the somatostatin consensus CRE. Finally, luciferase analysis of 5'-deletion mutant revealed that -273 to +16 bp of the renin promoter was sufficient to confer complete forskolin stimulation, whereas deletion to -130 (deletion of the CRE) decreased cAMP responsiveness by 50% and those to -67 bp (deletion of the CRE and Pit-1-like sequences) suppressed it. Thus, these latter two sequences probably act together to confer complete cAMP responsiveness.
Lentiviral vectors for efficient delivery of CD80 and granulocyte-macrophage– colony-stimulating factor in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia cells to induce antileukemic immune responses
Authors: Renata Stripecke, Angelo A. Cardoso, Karen A. Pepper, Dianne C. Skelton, Xiao-Jin Yu, Leo Mascarenhas, Kenneth I. Weinberg, Lee M. Nadler, Donald B. Kohn
Journal: Blood (2000)
Mesangial IgG Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Fadi Fakhouri, Silvina Darre[Combining Acute Accent], Dominique Droz, Matthieu Lemaire, Bernadette Nabarra, Marie-Christine Machet, Dominique Chauveau, Philippe Lesavre, Jean-Pierre Gru[Combining Diaeresis]nfeld, Laure-He[Combining Acute Accent]le[Combining Grave Accent]ne Noe[Combining Diaeresis]l, Bertrand Knebelmann
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

ABSTRACT. Fourteen cases of mesangial IgG glomerulonephritis characterized by exclusive or predominant mesangial IgG deposits are reported. The median age at onset was 19 yr (range, 13 to 47 yr). No patient exhibited evidence of systemic lupus erythematous or other systemic diseases. Proteinuria was present in all cases (median, 2.4 g/d; range, 1 to 13 g/d), microscopic hematuria in 12 cases, and macroscopic hematuria in two cases. Five patients were hypertensive at the time of referral. In all cases, renal biopsies revealed mesangial IgG deposits and varying degrees of mesangial matrix expansion, in the absence of significant mesangial cell proliferation. Complement component (mainly C3) deposits were present in virtually all cases. Subepithelial deposits were also noted in nine cases. IgG deposits were polyclonal and consisted mainly of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. In electron-microscopic analyses, deposits were electron dense and granular. Treatment was purely supportive. After a mean follow-up period of 11 yr, seven patients had experienced progression to chronic renal failure, including four who had reached end-stage renal failure. Three patients exhibited persistently normal renal function. For one patient, a symptomatic recurrence of mesangial IgG deposits in the renal graft was diagnosed 4 yr after renal transplantation. Such a recurrence highlights the specificity of this type of glomerulonephritis. Mesangial IgG glomerulonephritis is a distinct, albeit rare, type of glomerulonephritis that exhibits far from benign outcome and may recur in renal transplants.
Unforced errors and error reduction in tennis
Authors: H Brody
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Only at the highest level of tennis is the number of winners comparable to the number of unforced errors. As the average player loses many more points due to unforced errors than due to winners by an opponent, if the rate of unforced errors can be reduced, it should lead to an increase in points won. This article shows how players can improve their game by understanding and applying the laws of physics to reduce the number of unforced errors.
Influence of tumour stage at breast cancer detection on survival in modern times: population based study in 173 797 patients
Authors: Sepideh Saadatmand, Reini Bretveld, Sabine Siesling, Madeleine M A Tilanus-Linthorst
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<b>Objectives</b> To assess the influence of stage at breast cancer diagnosis, tumour biology, and treatment on survival in contemporary times of better (neo-)adjuvant systemic therapy. <b>Design</b> Prospective nationwide population based study. <b>Setting</b> Nationwide Netherlands Cancer Registry. <b>Participants</b> Female patients with primary breast cancer diagnosed between 1999 and 2012 (n=173 797), subdivided into two time cohorts on the basis of breast cancer diagnosis: 1999-2005 (n=80 228) and 2006-12 (n=93 569). <b>Main outcome measures</b> Relative survival was compared between the two cohorts. Influence of traditional prognostic factors on overall mortality was analysed with Cox regression for each cohort separately. <b>Results</b> Compared with 1999-2005, patients from 2006-12 had smaller (≤T1 65% (n=60 570) <i>v</i> 60% (n=48 031); P&lt;0.001), more often lymph node negative (N0 68% (n=63 544) <i>v</i> 65% (n=52 238); P&lt;0.001) tumours, but they received more chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapy (neo-adjuvant/adjuvant systemic therapy 60% (n=56 402) <i>v</i> 53% (n=42 185); P&lt;0.001). Median follow-up was 9.8 years for 1999-2005 and 3.9 years for 2006-12. The relative five year survival rate in 2006-12 was 96%, improved in all tumour and nodal stages compared with 1999-2005, and 100% in tumours ≤1 cm. In multivariable analyses adjusted for age and tumour type, overall mortality was decreased by surgery (especially breast conserving), radiotherapy, and systemic therapies. Mortality increased with progressing tumour size in both cohorts (2006-12 T1c <i>v</i> T1a: hazard ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 1.33 to 1.78), but without a significant difference in invasive breast cancers until 1 cm (2006-12 T1b <i>v</i> T1a: hazard ratio 1.04, 0.88 to 1.22), and independently with progressing number of positive lymph nodes (2006-12 N1 <i>v</i> N0: 1.25, 1.17 to 1.32). <b>Conclusions</b> Tumour stage at diagnosis of breast cancer still influences overall survival significantly in the current era of effective systemic therapy. Diagnosis of breast cancer at an early tumour stage remains vital.
Induction of NAD(P)H Oxidase by Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Uwe Rueckschloss, Jan Galle, Juergen Holtz, Hans-Reinhard Zerkowski, Henning Morawietz
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Elevated oxidative stress and superoxide anion formation in vascular cells could promote conversion of LDL to atherogenic oxidized LDL (oxLDL), contributing to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. As a major source of vascular superoxide anion formation, an endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, similar to the leukocyte enzyme, has been identified. Methods and Results To elucidate functional differences between NAD(P)H oxidases of endothelial cells and leukocytes, DNA sequences of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase subunits were determined. Gp91phox cDNA sequence showed no difference between the 2 cell types. Endothelial p67phox cDNA sequence revealed 2 known polymorphisms, which do not affect NAD(P)H oxidase function. Next, we analyzed relative mRNA expression of NAD(P)H subunits in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and leukocytes using a common cRNA standard in competitive reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. NAD(P)H oxidase subunits p22phox and p47phox are expressed at a similar level in both cell types, whereas p67phox (2.5%) and gp91phox (1.1%) are expressed at a much lower level in endothelial cells than in leukocytes. Differences of gp91phox expression in leukocytes and HUVECs correlate with differences in superoxide release. Gp91phox mRNA and endothelial superoxide anion formation are induced in response to oxLDL in HUVECs. Furthermore, a lower gp91phox mRNA expression was found in internal mammary artery biopsy samples of patients with coronary artery disease treated with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors before coronary bypass surgery. Conclusions We conclude that oxLDL induces proatherosclerotic NAD(P)H oxidase expression and superoxide anion formation in human endothelial cells and an antioxidative potential of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition via reduction of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase expression.
Adjuvant Therapy With the Monoclonal Antibody Edrecolomab Plus Fluorouracil-Based Therapy Does Not Improve Overall Survival of Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer
Authors: Anthony L.A. Fields, Alan Keller, Lee Schwartzberg, Stephen Bernard, Carl Kardinal, Alan Cohen, Joe Schulz, Peter Eisenberg, John Forster, Paul Wissel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Edrecolomab (ED) is a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the EpCam antigen. This phase III randomized multicenter trial investigated the benefit of adding ED to fluorouracil (FU) based therapy in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.Patients with stage III colon cancer were randomly assigned to one of two treatments after curative surgery. Patients in arm 1 received five infusions of ED together with FU-based chemotherapy; patients in arm 2 received FU-based chemotherapy alone. The primary end point was overall survival (OS).One thousand eight hundred thirty-nine patients were randomly assigned; results were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Patient characteristics were well-balanced across treatment arms. Five-year follow-up has been completed. Patients randomly assigned to ED plus FU-based therapy showed a 5-year survival rate of 69.6% while for patients receiving FU-based therapy, the rate was 68.2%. The hazard ratio for death with ED plus FU-based therapy compared to FU-based therapy was 0.896 (95% CI, 0.752 to 1.068), which was not statistically significant (P = .220). The adverse effect profiles of the two treatment arms were similar, with the main adverse effects being diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. Anaphylaxis occurred in fewer than 1% of patients receiving ED.For patients with stage III colon cancer, the addition of ED to FU-based therapy had no statistically significant effect on OS.