tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
“Meckel Scan” Findings in an Infant With Ileocolic Intussusception
Authors: Gaurav Malhotra, Ramesh Asopa, Himanshi Shah, Milind Joshi, Nawab S. Baghel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 7-month-old male infant who presented with bleeding per rectum was evaluated and diagnosed to have ileocolic intussusception on ultrasonography. Despite ultrasonography-guided saline reduction, there was persistence of bleeding per rectum. He was given blood transfusion and referred for Tc-99m pertechnetate scan to rule out ectopic gastric mucosa. The scan was done as per the standard institution protocol and the images revealed a focus of progressively increasing tracer uptake in the right lower abdominal quadrant suggesting the presence of ectopic gastric mucosa. An exploratory laparotomy revealed ileocolic intussusception secondary to Meckel diverticulum acting as a pathologic lead point (PLP). A wedge resection of the intestinal wall containing the diverticulum with suture closure was performed. The presence of Meckel diverticulum and ectopic gastric mucosa was confirmed on subsequent histopathological examination of the specimen. The patient rapidly improved postoperatively and was discharged 9 days after surgery. Bleeding per rectum can be seen in both intussusception and in Meckel diverticulum with ectopic gastric mucosa. Intussusception originating from a Meckel diverticulum as PLP remains a diagnostic challenge because of the overlapping symptoms.The Meckel scan findings, in this case, avoided the further CT scan, angiography, and endoscopy for the diagnosis of the cause of symptoms, sparing not only the time but cost of investigations and unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient.
Does quantum uncertainty have a place in everyday applied statistics?
Authors: Andrew Gelman, Michael Betancourt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

We are sympathetic to the general ideas presented in the article by Pothos & Busemeyer (P&B): Heisenberg's uncertainty principle seems naturally relevant in the social and behavioral sciences, in which measurements can affect the people being studied. We propose that the best approach for developing quantum probability models in the social and behavioral sciences is not by directly using the complex probability-amplitude formulation proposed in the article, but rather, more generally, to consider marginal probabilities that need not be averages over conditionals.
A CUTANEOUS NEMATODE INFECTION IN MONKEYS
Authors: Homer F. Swift, Ralph H. Boots, C. Philip Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

A number of monkeys (Macacus rhesus) were found to be infected with a nematode which gave rise to several types of skin lesions, subcutaneous nodules, edema about the joints, and elongated serpiginous blisters of the palms and soles. In the subcutaneous nodules were found larval forms of the nematode and possibly adult male forms. The reaction about these worms consisted of proliferation of fixed cells, and invasion of eosinophils, with subsequent presence of giant cells, young blood vessels, and finally capsule formation; eventually the worms were killed, eliminated, and the nodule disappeared. In the skin of the palms and soles the adult female worm burrowed in the epidermis, producing an elongated serpiginous blood blister that eventually became purulent. In this blister the worm laid her eggs; and by the bursting of the blister the eggs were discharged into the outer world and placed in a position to infect new hosts. The reaction in the epidermis was evidently not severe enough to interfere seriously with the health of the host or with the continuation of the egg-bearing period of the female parasite. This condition of almost perfect parasitism is an ideal one for the continuation of the life of this species of nematode. In so far as we are able to determine this is the first description of a nematode that lays its eggs in the epidermis. The provisional name of the parasite is Trichosoma cutaneum, 1922.
Differential Recognition of CD1d-α-Galactosyl Ceramide by the Vβ8.2 and Vβ7 Semi-invariant NKT T Cell Receptors
Authors: Daniel G. Pellicci, Onisha Patel, Lars Kjer-Nielsen, Siew Siew Pang, Lucy C. Sullivan, Konstantinos Kyparissoudis, Andrew G. Brooks, Hugh H. Reid, Stephanie Gras, Isabelle S. Lucet, Ruide Koh, Mark J. Smyth, Thierry Mallevaey, Jennifer L. Matsuda, Laurent Gapin, James McCluskey, Dale I. Godfrey, Jamie Rossjohn
Journal: Immunity (2009)
“Every Child Deserves a 5th Birthday”
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Boxing should be banned in civilized countries--round 3
Authors: G. D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The organized brutality of boxing has become widely recognized for what it is since we published our pioneering articles on Jan 14, 1983. 1-3 Most noteworthy have been the changes in the policies of organized medicine. Four years ago, the American Medical Association (AMA) had no policy on boxing. As the new information became widely known, the AMA went from calling for many safety measures recommended by its Council on Scientific Affairs and expert panel in December 1982 4 to a much more aggressive posture in June 1983. 5 Data from four research groups in three countries 2,6-8 have documented the high frequency of chronic brain damage in boxers who have had many fights, and a series of strong editorials has argued that boxing is wrong medically and morally. 2,3,5,9 We have seen the development of a broad international medical consensus that boxing should be abolished. Among the many medical
CRM197-conjugated serogroup C meningococcal capsular polysaccharide, but not the native polysaccharide, induces persistent antigen-specific memory B cells
Authors: Dominic F. Kelly, Mathew D. Snape, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Sarah Green, Claire Snowden, Linda Diggle, Ly-mee Yu, Astrid Borkowski, E. Richard Moxon, Andrew J. Pollard
Journal: Blood (2006)

Neisseria meningitidis is one of the leading causes of bacterial meningitis and septicemia in children. Vaccines containing the purified polysaccharide capsule from the organism, a T cell-independent antigen, have been available for decades but do not appear to provide protection in infancy or immunologic memory as measured by antibody responses. By contrast, T cell-dependent serogroup C protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines protect against serogroup C meningococcal disease from infancy onward and prime for immunologic memory. We compared the magnitude and kinetics of plasma cell and memory B-cell responses to a meningococcal plain polysaccharide vaccine and a serogroup C glycoconjugate vaccine in adolescents previously primed with the conjugate vaccine. Plasma cell kinetics were similar for both vaccines, though the magnitude of the response was greater for the glycoconjugate. In contrast to the glycoconjugate vaccine, the plain polysaccharide vaccine did not induce a persistent immunoglobulin G (IgG) memory B-cell response. This is the first study to directly show that serogroup C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccines induce persistent production of memory B cells and that plain polysaccharide vaccines do not, supporting the use of the conjugate vaccine for sustained population protection. Detection of peripheral blood memory B-cell responses after vaccination may be a useful signature of successful induction of immunologic memory during novel vaccine evaluation.
Diagnostic utility of flumazenil in coma with suspected poisoning: a double blind, randomised controlled study.
Authors: J Hojer, S Baehrendtz, G Matell, L L Gustafsson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the diagnostic value and safety of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil in patients with coma of unclear origin with suspected poisoning. DESIGN--Double blind, placebo controlled, randomised study. SETTING--Intensive care unit at a major teaching hospital. PATIENTS--105 Unconscious adults admitted consecutively with suspected drug overdosage during 18 months from a total of 362 cases of poisoning. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, epilepsy, obvious poisoning with drugs identified unequivocally from information from relatives or others as other than benzodiazepines, and coma score greater than 10 on a scale graded from 4 to 20. Patients were allocated randomly to receive flumazenil (21 men and 32 women) or placebo (25 men and 27 women). INTERVENTIONS--Intravenous injection of flumazenil (10 ml, 0.1 mg/ml) or placebo (10 ml vehicle alone) given double blind over three minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Serum and urine concentrations of benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and several other agents; blood gas tensions; standardised evaluation on admission and five minutes after the injection by means of coma scale score and urgent diagnostic or therapeutic interventions indicated according to the history and clinical examination; standardised interview after the injection to try to ascertain further information; and adverse reactions. RESULTS--Benzodiazepines were found in the serum in 36 of the 53 patients in the flumazenil group and in 37 of the 52 who received placebo. The average coma scale score increased significantly after injection in the flumazenil group (6.4 v 12.1, p less than 0.001) but not in the placebo group. In the flumazenil group several interventions were rendered unnecessary by the injection: gastric lavage and urinary catheterisation (19 patients each), intubation (21), artificial ventilation and computed tomography of the brain (three patients each), blood culture and lumbar puncture (one patient each), and electroencephalography (two). In the placebo group the indications for these procedures did not change in any patient after injection. The 95% confidence interval for the difference in reduction of the frequency of indications for gastric lavage after injection between the two groups was 21% to 51%, that for intubation 25% to 55%, and that for urinary catheterisation 21% to 51%. In the flumazenil group 21 patients gave valuable information on their drug ingestion within 10 minutes after injection compared with only one in the placebo group (p less than 0.001). Nine adverse reactions were recorded in the flumazenil group, eight of which were graded as mild and one severe. The safety of the antagonist was acceptable, even though 60% of the patients in the flumazenil group had multiple drug poisoning including benzodiazepine. No epileptic seizures or arrhythmias were recorded. CONCLUSION--Flumazenil is a valuable and safe differential diagnostic tool in unclear cases of multiple drug poisoning.
Letter by Guettrot-Imbert et al Regarding Article, “Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrioventricular Block in the Fetus Exposed to Maternal Anti-SSA/Ro-SSB/La Antibodies”
Authors: Gaëlle Guettrot-Imbert, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Zahir Amoura
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrioventricular Block in the Fetus Exposed to Maternal Anti-SSA/Ro
Is outdoor air pollution associated with physician visits for allergic rhinitis among the elderly in Toronto, Canada?
Authors: P. J. Villeneuve, M.‐S. Doiron, D. Stieb, R. Dales, R. T. Burnett, R. Dugandzic
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Background: While a number of studies suggest that air pollution is associated with allergic rhinitis in children, findings among adults have been equivocal. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between outdoor air pollution and physician visits for allergic rhinitis among individuals ≥65 years of age in Toronto, Canada. Methods: Physician visits were identified by using data from the Ontario provincial health insurance plan that is made available to all residents. Our analyses are based on 52 691 physician visits for allergic rhinitis among individuals ≥65 years of age in the Toronto metropolitan area between 1995 and 2000. Generalized linear models were used to regress daily counts of physician visits against daily measures of gaseous and particulate components of air pollution after controlling for seasonality, potential confounders (temperature, relative humidity, aeroallergens), overdispersion and serial correlation. Results: A large number of comparisons were undertaken, with most showing no statistically significant associations between daily levels of air pollution and the number of physician visits for rhinitis. In contrast, an interquartile increase in the 10‐day average of ragweed particles increased the mean number of daily rhinitis consultations by 6.4% (95% CI = 0.7–12.4%). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that outdoor air pollution is a poor predictor of physician visits for allergic rhinitis among the elderly.
Effect of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor (Tolrestat) on Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate and Glomerular Filtration Rate in IDDM Subjects With Nephropathy
Authors: N Passariello, J Sepe, G Marrazzo, A De Cicco, A Peluso, MCA Plsano, S Sgambato, P Tesauro, F D'Onofrio
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To explore the possible link between diabetic nephropathy and the enhanced activity of the polyol pathway, known to occur in IDDM subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat (200 mg/day) on urinary albumin excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate in 20 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. RESULTS Six months of placebo treatment produced no significant changes in glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin excretion rate, and renal plasma flow. Consequently, filtration fraction remained unchanged. During tolrestat treatment, glomerular filtration rate decreased from the basal value of 156 ± 14 ml·min−1.73 m2 to 142 ± 13.7 ml·min−1·1.73 m2 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) at 2 mo; 128 ± 12.4 ml·min−1·1.73 m2 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) at 4 mo; and 123.7 ± 13.0 ml·min−1·1.73 m2 at 6 mo. A significant decrease of urinary albumin excretion rate was observed during the trial (basal values 219 ± 32.5 vs. 196.9 ± 28.5 μg/min at 2 mo [P &amp;lt; 0.05] 171.6 ± 25.5 μg/min at 4 mo [P &amp;lt; 0.001] and 58.6 ± 19.3 μg/min at 6 mo [P &amp;lt; 0.001]). No significant change in renal plasma flow was seen during tolrestat treatment. Filtration fraction significantly decreased in the tolrestat group from the basal value of 0.23 ± 0.02 to 0.21 ± 0.01 at 2 mo (P &amp;lt; 0.005); 0.18 ± 0.02 at 4 mo (P &amp;lt; 0.001); and 0.17 ± 0.02 at 6 mo (P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The polyol pathway is implicated in hemodynamic changes associated with early diabetic nephropathy, and aldose reductase treatment can positively influence these parameters.
Hemodynamic determinants of the time-course of fall in canine left ventricular pressure.
Authors: J L Weiss, J W Frederiksen, M L Weisfeldt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The hemodynamic determinants of the time-course of fall in isovolumic left ventricular pressure were assessed in isolated canine left ventricular preparations. Pressure fall was studied in isovolumic beats or during prolonged isovolumic diastole after ejection. Pressure fall was studied in isovolumic relaxation for isovolumic and ejecting beats (r less than or equal to 0.98) and was therefore characterized by a time constant, T. Higher heart rates shortened T slightly from 52.6 +/- 4.5 ms at 110/min to 48.2 +/- 6.0 ms at 160/min (P less than 0.01, n = 8). Higher ventricular volumes under isovolumic conditions resulted in higher peak left ventricular pressure but no significant change in T. T did shorten from 67.1 +/- 5.0 ms in isovolumic beats to 45.8 +/- 2.9 ms in the ejecting beats (P less than 0.001, n = 14). In the ejecting beats, peak systolic pressure was lower, and end-systolic volume smaller. To differentiate the effects of systolic shortening during ejection from those of lower systolic pressure and smaller end-systolic volume, beats with large end-diastolic volumes were compared to beats with smaller end-diastolic volumes. The beats with smaller end-diastolic volumes exhibited less shortening but similar end-systolic volumes and peak systolic pressure. T again shortened to a greater extent in the beats with greater systolic shortening. Calcium chloride and acetylstrophanthidin resulted in no significant change in T, but norepinephrine, which accelerates active relaxation, resulted in a significant shortening of T (65.6 +/- 13.4 vs. 46.3 +/- 7.0 ms, P less than 0.02). During recovery from ischemia, T increased significantly from 59.3 +/- 9.6 to 76.8 +/- 13.1 ms when compared with the preischemic control beat (P less than 0.05). Thus, the present studies show that the time-course of isovolumic pressure fall subsequent to maximum negative dP/dt is exponential, independent of systolic stress and end-systolic fiber length, and minimally dependent on heart rate. T may be an index of the activity of the active cardiac relaxing system and appears dependent on systolic fiber shortening.
Is the Unconscious Necessary?
Authors: RICHARD RABKIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The author relates Freud's theory of the unconscious to that of Descartes and compares both to C. S. Peirce's doctrine of "contrite fallibilism," which held that no knowledge is direct and intuitive—that all knowledge is subject to error. The author believes that anyone confined to insisting on the doctrine of the unconscious is limited in his ability to inquire and thus is impaired in his responsibility for learning and teaching. The consequences for therapy are also pointed out.
Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention—Reply
Authors: Sue A. Shapses
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gap junctions and growth control in liver regeneration and in isolated rat hepatocytes
Authors: K E Fladmark, B T Gjertsen, A Molven, G Mellgren, O K Vintermyr, S O Døskeland
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The hepatocytes in the mature normal liver are tightly coupled through gap junctions, except during compensatory hyperplasia (regeneration) after partial hepatectomy when the gap junctions become down-regulated. The significance of this down-regulation has been a long-standing enigma. The present study of hepatocytes in primary culture and in the regenerating liver aimed at defining the relationship, if any, between hepatocyte gap junctional communication and proliferation. Gap junctional down-regulation in the regenerating liver appeared to be a specific phenomenon because desmosomes and the surface contact area between neighboring hepatocytes remained constant. All agents and conditions (dexamethasone in vivo; dexamethasone, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, serum, and high cell density in vitro) delaying gap junctional down-regulation also increased the lag before the cells reached competence to enter S phase. This raised the possibility that hepatocyte DNA replication was inhibited through preservation of gap junctions. However, we disproved this assumption by showing that the DNA replication (more specifically the G1/S transition rate constant) was inhibited even in hepatocytes completely devoid of gap junctional communication. The teleological advantage of linking gap junctional down-regulation to hepatocyte G1 progression therefore may not be to trigger DNA replication but to ensure that proliferating hepatocytes and hepatocytes responsible for liver-specific metabolic functions maintain separate pools of metabolites and signaling molecules.
Basic Science Focus of Third International Symposium on Liver Cancer and Hepatitis
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Shanghai, China</h3> WITH MORE than 40% of the world's cases of primary liver cancer, China is an appropriate site for international conferences on liver cancer. This year, Shanghai Medical University hosted the third Shanghai International Symposium on Liver Cancer and Hepatitis. The university has been holding these symposia every 5 years since 1986. More than 400 papers from around the world were presented at the conference, although the bulk were from researchers in China (<i>Recent Progress in Liver Cancer and Hepatitis: Proceedings of 1996 Shanghai International Symposium on Liver Cancer and Hepatitis</i>. Beijing, China: International Academic Publishers; 1996). Asked what was the most noticeable change between the second and third symposia, Sheng-Long Ye, MD, PhD, professor and vice chair of Shanghai Medical University's Liver Cancer Institute and coeditor of the symposium proceedings, said it was the dramatic increase of basic science that is now being applied to clinical research. Five
Obesity and the Right Brain—Reply
Authors: Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Miguel Alonso-Alonso
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal