tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Present Influenza Outbreak
Authors: C. S. Goodwin, M. Bahemuka, P. Concannon
Journal: BMJ (1973)

ultrasound examination of the legs was carried out, using the technique described by Evans.' 2 No flow was dttected in the veins of ths Lft leg.While the Itft calf was being squeezed the patient complained of feeling faint and became unconscious.Resuscitation was not suc- cessful.At postmortem there were clots in the deep veins of the lkft leg although both the popliteal and femoral veins were patent.The main pulmonary artery was full of coiled thrombus which was 60 cm in length.
Effect of chronic ethanol feeding on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in relation to liver pathology
Authors: H Rouach, V Fataccioli, M Gentil, S W French, M Morimoto, R Nordmann
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

ABSTRACT Liver lipid peroxidation, nonheme iron, antioxidants, and protein oxidation were investigated in experimental alcohol–induced liver disease in the rat. Wistar male rats were intragastrically and continuously infused for 4 weeks with a high–fat diet plus an ethanol or an isocaloric amount of dextrose, maintaining a high blood alcohol level (200–300 mg%). This model induced fatty liver, spotty necrosis, and focal inflammation. This pathology was associated with an enhanced lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the major antioxidant factors. Hepatic alpha–tocopherol and glutathione concentrations were significantly decreased in ethanol–fed rats. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was also decreased, whereas glutathione S–transferase (GST) was unaffected. The nonheme iron level was significantly decreased. Protein oxidation was assessed through three parameters: protein thiols, protein carbonyl groups, and the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), a centrilobular enzyme particularly susceptible to free–radical– mediated damage. Ethanol–fed rats had decreased protein thiol concentrations and reduced GS activity, together with increased protein carbonyls. A significant correlation between GS activity and the pathological score was observed. This study confirms the ethanol–related increase in lipid peroxidation and shows that ethanol impairs the hepatic antioxidant potential. Furthermore, evidence of oxidative protein damage is given, including decreased activity of a key enzyme of ammonia metabolism. These protein disturbances may contribute to the pathogenesis of the observed liver damage.
Comparison of St John's wort and imipramine for treating depression: randomised controlled trial
Authors: H. Woelk
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To compare the efficacy and tolerability of <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> (St John9s wort extract) with imipramine in patients with mild to moderate depression. <b>Design:</b> Randomised, multicentre, double blind, parallel group trial. <b>Setting:</b> 40 outpatient clinics in Germany. <b>Participants:</b> 324 outpatients with mild to moderate depression. <b>Intervention:</b> 75 mg imipramine twice daily or 250 mg hypericum extract ZE 117 twice daily for 6 weeks. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Hamilton depression rating scale, clinical global impression scale, and patient9s global impression scale. <b>Results:</b> Among the 157 participants taking hypericum mean scores on the Hamilton depression scale decreased from 22.4 at baseline to 12.00 at end point; among the 167 participants taking imipramine they fell from 22.1 to 12.75. Mean clinical global impression scores at end point were 2.22 out of 7 for the hypericum group and 2.42 for the imipramine group. On the 7 point self assessments of global improvement completed by participants (score of 1 indicating "very much improved" and 7 indicating "very much deteriorated") mean scores were 2.44 in the hypericum group and 2.60 in the imipramine group. None of the differences between treatment groups were significant. However, the mean score on the anxiety-somatisation subscale of the Hamilton scale (3.79 in the hypericum group and 4.26 in the imipramine group) indicated a significant advantage for hypericum relative to imipramine. Mean scores on the 5 point scale used by participants to assess tolerability (score of 1 indicating excellent tolerability and 5 indicating very poor tolerability) were better for hypericum (1.67) than imipramine (2.35). Adverse events occurred in 62/157 (39%) participants taking hypericum and in 105/167 (63%) taking imipramine. 4 (3%) participants taking hypericum withdrew because of adverse events compared with 26 (16%) taking imipramine. <b>Conclusions:</b> This <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> extract is therapeutically equivalent to imipramine in treating mild to moderate depression, but patients tolerate hypericum better.
Nicotine-mediated invasion and migration of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells by modulating STMN3 and GSPT1 genes in an ID1-dependent manner
Authors: Sajitha Nair, Namrata Bora-Singhal, Deepak Perumal, Srikumar Chellappan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2014)

Inhibitor of DNA binding/Differentiation 1 (ID1) is a helix loop helix transcription factor that lacks the basic DNA binding domain. Over-expression of ID1 has been correlated with a variety of human cancers; our earlier studies had shown that reported ID1 is induced by nicotine or EGF stimulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and its down regulation abrogates cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Here we made attempts to identify downstream targets of ID1 that mediate these effects. A microarray analysis was done on two different NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H1650) that were transfected with a siRNA to ID1 or a control, non-targeting siRNA. Cells were stimulated with nicotine and genes that were differentially expressed upon nicotine stimulation and ID1 depletion were analyzed to identify potential downstream targets of ID1. The prospective role of the identified genes was validated by RT-PCR. Additional functional assays were conducted to assess the role of these genes in nicotine induced proliferation, invasion and migration. Experiments were also conducted to elucidate the role of ID1, which does not bind to DNA directly, affects the expression of these genes at transcriptional level. A microarray analysis showed multiple genes are affected by the depletion of ID1; we focused on two of them: Stathmin-like3 (STMN3), a microtubule destabilizing protein, and GSPT1, a protein involved in translation termination; these proteins were induced by both nicotine and EGF in an ID1 dependent fashion. Overexpression of ID1 in two different cell lines induced STMN3 and GSPT1 at the transcriptional level, while depletion of ID1 reduced their expression. STMN3 and GSPT1 were found to facilitate the proliferation, invasion and migration of NSCLC cells in response to nAChR activation. Attempts made to assess how ID1, which is a transcriptional repressor, induces these genes showed that ID1 down regulates the expression of two transcriptional co-repressors, NRSF and ZBP89, involved in the repression of these genes. Collectively, our data suggests that nicotine and EGF induce genes such as STMN3 and GSPT1 to promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of NSCLC, thus enhancing their tumorigenic properties. These studies thus reveal a central role for ID1 and its downstream targets in facilitating lung cancer progression.
Coronary stenting in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock
Authors: T. Lefevre, M.-C. Morice, G. Kamillon, M. Krol, Y. Louvard, P. Dumas, B. Abry, J.F. Angellier, J.-F. Vaxetaire
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Functional platelet defects in children with severe chronic ITP as tested with 2 novel assays applicable for low platelet counts
Authors: Esther R. van Bladel, Annemieke G. Laarhoven, Laila B. van der Heijden, Katja M. Heitink-Pollé, Leendert Porcelijn, C. Ellen van der Schoot, Masja de Haas, Mark Roest, Gestur Vidarsson, Philip G. de Groot, Marrie C. A. Bruin
Journal: Blood (2014)
Radionuclide Imaging of Meckel??s Diverticulum in Children
Authors: MICHAEL J. GELFAND, EDWARD B. SILBERSTEIN, JOSEPH COX
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Fifty-eight children were studied for the presence of Meckel's diverticulum by scintigraphy with 99m Tc-pertechnetate. Meckel's diverticulum was found at surgery in 6 of 6 patients with positive radionuclide studies and in 2 of 48 patients with negative studies. Four studies could not be interpreted because of widespread intestinal activity. Using the criteria described in this paper, false-positive readings did not occur.
α‐thalassemia‐1 (— −‐<sup><scp>CAL</scp></sup> mutation) in a Spanish family
Authors: A. Villegas, J. Sanchez, F. A. Gonzalez, D. L. Carreño, P. Ropero
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract We have detected a second family (five members affected) with a large (32 kb) deletion involving the α 1 , α 2 , ψα 1 , ψα 2 ,ψζ 1 , and ζ‐globin genes. This mutation has been previously described in Calabria, Italy, in a child and his mother and has been named α‐thalassemia −‐ −‐ CAL . © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eat, drink, and be ...?
Authors: B. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Should we report dodgy looking foods and food shops to the authorities? Public spiritedness surely demands that we contact the local environmental health officer whenever we spot a suspect pie, a grubby meat counter, or a chilled compartment that is nothing of the sort. Yet how many of us take no action at all on these occasions—other than to avoid suspect premises in future, perhaps? No one relishes being a telltale.

Now, it seems, sneaking may not necessarily make any difference, in Britain at least, because the visual inspections of food shops carried out by environmental health officers are far less meaningful than might be imagined. Indeed, there seems to …
Patient Satisfaction and Patient-Centered Care
Authors: Joel M. Kupfer, Edward U. Bond
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Budd-Chiari syndrome presenting as fulminant hepatic failure.
Authors: P R Powell-Jackson, R J Ede, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1986)

Two cases of the Budd-Chiari syndrome are described in whom the diagnosis was finally confirmed at necropsy. The presentation was with encephalopathy, occurring within eight weeks of first symptoms and coming therefore within the definition of fulminant hepatic failure. In one, thought to have non-A, non-B hepatitis, encephalopathy progressed to grade 4 coma with death 12 days after presentation. In the other, mistakenly thought to have intra-abdominal malignancy, an exploratory laparotomy exacerbated the encephalopathy with death three weeks later. In neither case were non-invasive investigations, such as ultrasound and isotope scanning, carried out which might have facilitated an earlier diagnosis and consideration for orthotopic liver transplantation, probably the most appropriate form of therapy for these very severe cases.
Abstract 4062: A kinetic live-cell imaging approach to measuring cytotoxicity <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: Belinda A. OClair, Eric W. Endsley, Vince E. Groppi, Daniel M. Appledorn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cytotoxicity assays play a critical role in the identification of potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Commonly used in vitro cytotoxicity assays evaluate a range of end point parameters such as the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutathione (GSH) following membrane rupture, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell proliferation, and disruption of mitochondrial trans-membrane potential. Critical factors contributing to the predictive nature of these assays include compound concentration, and more importantly, the time allowed for the compound to elicit an effect. Although these multiplexed assays are able to simultaneously measure multiple indicators of in vitro cytotoxicity, they typically assess a single time point and are unable to assess the biological activity over time. We present data showing that we are able to kinetically measure cell wall integrity, while simultaneously monitoring cell death associated morphological changes using a commercially available cell impermeable DNA dye, YOYO-1, coupled with the IncuCyte™ FLR live-cell imaging system. This no-wash, mix-and-read assay provides a statistically robust method to study the kinetic induction of cytotoxicity in vitro. Specifically we use HT 1080 fibrosarcoma cells, MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cells, and HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells in conjunction with the cytotoxic agents staurosporine and camptothecin, and the cytostatic agent, cycloheximide. These data illustrate the ability to kinetically detect, quantify, and analyze cytotoxicity data in a 96-well plate format using images collected in real time. We show that the quantitative data obtained in this study is amenable to moderate throughput screening protocols with Z’ values &amp;gt;0.6 achieved in both intra- and inter-assay reproducibility studies. We also provide evidence that that the high definition phase contrast images provide qualitative verification of quantitative results allowing for the discrimination between cytotoxic and cytostatic compounds. This strategy combines automated data acquisition and analysis to provide an informative and efficient approach to detecting pharmacological or genetic manipulations that alter cell viability. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4062. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4062
A CASE OF TRYPANOSOMIASIS TREATED BY INTRATHECAL SERUM
Authors: J. W. H. Eyre, C. H. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1921)

IN view of our recent advocacy of the treatment of sleeping sickness by the injectiozf of serum into the spinal canal, we wish to record the case of Mr. X. in fuller detail.The first point of importance is the probable date of infection.As to this, Mr. X.lays stress on the fact that, to the best of his belief, he was bitten only once by a tsetse fly.This point is impressd on his memory, as he often remarked in jest that alcohol, if taken into the system systematically, would keep all insects away, and he would call attention to the fact that, owing to his un- failing regularity as regards his eveniDg "peg," lhe had never been bitten by a tsetse fly.This period of immunity applies to the interval between April 8th and May 7th, 1920, when lie was in the fly area.From the later date till about July 12th Mr. X. was not exposed to the risk of infection.He was again exposed between July 14th and 17tlh and bitten once, but he is convinced there was not more than one bite.Taking this history as correct-and we lhave no reason wlhatever to doubt it-infection was caused by a single bite, and the incubation period was either approximately a fort- night or, alternatively, as long as eleven weeks.On July 30th Mr. X. had an attack of what he believed to be malaria, which lasted till August 3rd, with a temperture of 1020 to 1030 F., but unaffected by quinine.Attacks of fever recurred on Auigust 4th-5th, 10th-15th, and 24th-25th.On August 24th his blood was examined by an Indian sub- assistailt surgeon (there being no medical officer in the district), who sent the slide to headquarters, where the presence of trypanosomes was confirmed by three medicalofficers, including Dr. Duke, the Government Bacteriologist, who diagnosed 1'.gambiense.
Prosocial aspects of afterlife beliefs: Maybe another by-product
Authors: Pascal Boyer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Bering argues that belief in posthumous intentional agency may confer added fitness via the inhibition of opportunistic behavior. This is true only if these agents are interested parties in our moral choices, a feature which does not result from Bering's imaginative constraint hypothesis and extends to supernatural agents other than dead people's souls. A by-product model might handle this better.
SPECT Imaging of Myocarditis
Authors: BARRY L. SHULKIN, RICHARD L. WAHL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Gallium-67 citrate has been useful in providing scintigraphic evidence for pericarditis and myocarditis. However, the differentiation between pericardial and myocardial localization is difficult with planar images alone. SPECT can be valuable in making these distinctions, and a case of myocarditis is presented in which uptake of Gallium is shown to lie within the heart, correlating with the histologic proof.
Careers advice for medical undergraduates
Authors: S. Wilson, A. Reece
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--The provision of careers advice to medical undergraduates seems an obvious necessity. This will become even more important with the new changes to the curriculum (of “core plus options”) because students will not get as broad an exposure to specialties.

We are medical students in our final year at the University of Leeds and have for a long time been concerned at the lack of guidance on careers available in …
Improving the Efficiency of Advanced Life Support Training
Authors: Gavin D. Perkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Each year, more than 1.5 million health care professionals receive advanced life support (ALS) training.To determine whether a blended approach to ALS training that includes electronic learning (e-learning) produces outcomes similar to those of conventional, instructor-led ALS training.Open-label, noninferiority, randomized trial. Randomization, stratified by site, was generated by Sealed Envelope (Sealed Envelope, London, United Kingdom). (International Standardized Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register: ISCRTN86380392)31 ALS centers in the United Kingdom and Australia.3732 health care professionals recruited between December 2008 and October 2010.A 1-day course supplemented with e-learning versus a conventional 2-day course.The primary outcome was performance in a cardiac arrest simulation test at the end of the course. Secondary outcomes comprised knowledge- and skill-based assessments, repeated assessment after remediation training, and resource use.440 of the 1843 participants randomly assigned to the blended course and 444 of the 1889 participants randomly assigned to conventional training did not attend the courses. Performance in the cardiac arrest simulation test after course attendance was lower in the electronic advanced life support (e-ALS) group compared with the conventional advanced life support (c-ALS) group; 1033 persons (74.5%) in the e-ALS group and 1146 persons (80.2%) in the c-ALS group passed (mean difference, -5.7% [95% CI, -8.8% to -2.7%]). Knowledge- and skill-based assessments were similar between groups, as was the final pass rate after remedial teaching, which was 94.2% in the e-ALS group and 96.7% in the c-ALS group (mean difference, -2.6% [CI, -4.1% to 1.2%]). Faculty, catering, and facility costs were $438 per participant for electronic ALS training and $935 for conventional ALS training.Many professionals (24%) did not attend the courses. The effect on patient outcomes was not evaluated.Compared with conventional ALS training, an approach that included e-learning led to a slightly lower pass rate for cardiac arrest simulation tests, similar scores on a knowledge test, and reduced costs.National Institute of Health Research and Resuscitation Council (UK).
Nifedipine improves endothelial function in hypercholesterolemia, independently of an effect on blood pressure or plasma lipids
Authors: M Verhaar
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: Dihydropyridine calcium antagonists have been shown to retard atherogenesis in animal models and to prevent the development of early angiographic lesions in human coronary arteries. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether nifedipine could improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemia, independently of changes in blood pressure or plasma lipids. Methods: First, we compared in vivo forearm vascular responses to the endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilators serotonin (5-HT) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in 11 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia before and after 6-weeks treatment with nifedipine GITS (60 mg, OD) and in 12 matched controls. In a subgroup of six control subjects forearm vascular function was also assessed before and after 6-weeks nifedipine GITS treatment. In vitro, we subsequently explored possible mechanisms underlying the effect of nifedipine on endothelial function. We investigated the effects of nifedipine on both NO production by recombinant endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and endothelial cells, using 3H-arginine conversion, as well as on superoxide generation by endothelial cell lysates, using lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence. Results: In hypercholesterolemia 5-HT-induced vasodilation was impaired (47±9% increase in forearm bloodflow vs. 99±8% in controls). Treatment with nifedipine completely restored 5-HT-induced vasodilation (113±13%), whereas it did not influence basal forearm vasomotion or SNP-induced vasodilation. Nifedipine did not alter forearm vascular responses in control subjects and did not alter blood pressure or plasma lipids. In vitro, we found no direct effect of nifedipine on NO production by recombinant eNOS or endothelial cells. However, we did observe a reduction in endothelial superoxide generation. Conclusions: Our data show that nifedipine improves endothelial function in hypercholesterolemia. It is suggested from our in vitro experiments that this effect is due to reduced NO degradation.
Ladas and MOTs
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2008)

I once owned a Soviet Lada Riva—it seemed like a good deal. The mats didn’t fit, it skidded at 10 mph going round corners, and, for a car built for the Siberian wastes, it never started in the cold. But it was a good way to meet my neighbours, who helped to push it every morning. One day an engine fire blazed my Lada to Valhalla, despite regular servicing check ups and an MOT test. I was glad. 

Gordon Brown, our new politburo boss, has promised a revolution …
Systemic Bevacizumab (Avastin) Therapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Andrew A. Moshfeghi, Philip J. Rosenfeld, Carmen A. Puliafito, Stephan Michels, Erin N. Marcus, Joshua D. Lenchus, Anna S. Venkatraman
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)