tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Altered podocyte structure in GLEPP1 (Ptpro)-deficient mice associated with hypertension and low glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Bryan L. Wharram, Meera Goyal, Patrick J. Gillespie, Jocelyn E. Wiggins, David B. Kershaw, Lawrence B. Holzman, Robert C. Dysko, Thomas L. Saunders, Linda C. Samuelson, Roger C. Wiggins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Glomerular epithelial protein 1 (GLEPP1) is a receptor tyrosine phosphatase present on the apical cell surface of the glomerular podocyte. The GLEPP1 gene (Ptpro) was disrupted at an exon coding for the NH2-terminal region by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Heterozygote mating produced the expected genotypic ratio of 1:2:1, indicating that the Ptpro–/– genotype does not lead to embryonic or neonatal lethality. Kidney and glomerular structure was normal at the gross and light microscopic levels. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that Ptpro–/– mice had an amoeboid rather than the typical octopoid structure seen in the wild-type mouse podocyte and that there were blunting and widening of the minor (foot) processes in association with altered distribution of the podocyte intermediate cytoskeletal protein vimentin. Reduced filtration surface area in association with these structural changes was confirmed by finding reduced glomerular nephrin content and reduced glomerular filtration rate in Ptpro–/– mice. There was no detectable increase in the urine albumin excretion of Ptpro–/– mice. After removal of one or more kidneys, Ptpro–/– mice had higher blood pressure than did their wild-type littermates. These data support the conclusion that the GLEPP1 (Ptpro) receptor plays a role in regulating the glomerular pressure/filtration rate relationship through an effect on podocyte structure and function.
Cardiac abnormalities in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Anjan S. Batra, Ruben J. Acherman, Wing‐yen Wong, John C. Wood, Linda S. Chan, Emily Ramicone, Mahmood Ebrahimi, Pierre C. Wong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) results in chronic volume overload of the heart due to hemodilution. Previous echocardiographic studies of cardiac function in children with SCA have not accounted for these abnormal loading conditions. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine how the degree of anemia and transfusion status relate to cardiac findings and (2) evaluate cardiac function using load-independent parameters of function. We evaluated 77 patients with SCA, ages 2 to 22 years (mean +/- SD = 11.7 +/- 4.7), using physical examination, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. We compared two groups of patients. Group 1 consisted of 57 non-transfused patients, and Group 2 consisted of 20 patients on a chronic transfusion protocol. Group 1 patients exhibited a significantly lower hemoglobin, higher cardiac output, and larger left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension and LV mass than groups 2 (P < 0.05). However, the velocity of circumferential fiber shortening-wall stress index (a load-independent measure of systolic function) was normal and not statistically different between the two groups. Conversely, the LV myocardial performance index (a measure of combined systolic and diastolic function) was significantly higher in Group 2 (P < 0.001), possibly indicating impaired myocardial diastolic function. SCA in children results in a volume-overloaded heart with a significant increase in LV dimensions and mass, both proportional to the degree of anemia. Despite these abnormal loading conditions, systolic function is preserved. Patients on a chronic transfusion protocol may develop diastolic dysfunction despite iron chelation therapy.
The effect of local temperature changes on sebum excretion rate and forehead surface lipid composition
Authors: M. WILLIAMS, W.J. CUNLIFFE, B. WILLIAMSON, R.A. FORSTER, J.A. COTTERILL, J.C. EDWARDS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article The effect of local temperature changes on sebum excretion rate and forehead surface lipid composition Get access M. WILLIAMS, M. WILLIAMS Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFE, W.J. CUNLIFFE Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. WILLIAMSON, B. WILLIAMSON Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. FORSTER, R.A. FORSTER Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. COTTERILL, J.A. COTTERILL Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.C. EDWARDS J.C. EDWARDS Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds, St James's (University) Hospital, Leeds, and Harrogate General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 88, Issue 3, 1 March 1973, Pages 257–262, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb07544.x Published: 01 March 1973 Article history Accepted: 07 August 1972 Published: 01 March 1973
NHS family planning services
Authors: D. Hooker
Journal: BMJ (1975)

NHS family planning services SIR,-In the BM7 (19 July, p 185) it is re- ported that "the profession's negotiators [our italics] and the DHSS have agreed a scheme for the provision of family planning services through the hospital service, for all FP work, whether of medical or social origin."We are astonished that there has been, as yet, minimal medical or public reaction to this retrograde proposal.It is the feeling of the undersigned staff of the obstetrical and gynaecological department in Aberdeen that this scheme is indisputably bad.The reasons for its introduction are far from obvious and the advantages in terms of patient care are difficult to define.Furthermore, it may turm out to have a dangerously disruptive effect among different grades of staff in many gynaecological and anaesthetic departments, including theatre staff and porters.It seems ludicrous for a health service short of money in a time of rapid inflation to put out extra money to its highest paid workers.This is all apart from the questionable morality of the scheme and the inevitable difficulties it will present in the counselling of patients who seek unbiased family planning advice.
The Freedom of Medical Information
Authors: Eugene B. Brody
Journal: JAMA (1975)

PHYSICIANS are dependent for the effective accomplishment of their tasks on a continued flow of technical information. As a rule, access to this information, as well as the freedom to generate and transmit it, has been taken for granted. This has been true, as well, for the editors who act as gatekeepers, ie, who can limit the access of authors to medical and scientific journals. More recently, however, investigators and editors, as well as practicing clinicians, have become sensitive to the complexity of the problem in an information-oriented society. This follows to an important degree the public's growing concern about who "owns" scientific or medical information, and who has the right to know, ie, have access to true propositions about the real world (including at times their own medical records) that are necessary for action, for personal autonomy, or even for effecting certain kinds of social change. <h3>Ethical Problems</h3> The
China tells doctors to quit smoking to set example to patients
Authors: B. Bland
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Chinese health ministry has launched a campaign to stop smoking among doctors and other medical workers. More than half of male Chinese doctors smoke, reflecting the widespread consumption of tobacco in the country, which is the world’s biggest producer of cigarettes.

The health ministry hopes to convince doctors to quit the habit and set a better example for the 350 million Chinese people who smoke. 

Ten medical schools and 10 medical associations have signed up to the campaign and pledged to make their premises smoke-free. They have also agreed …
Commentary: Politics of affordable insulin
Authors: E. A. M. Gale, J. S. Yudkin
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The diabetes pandemic increasingly affects low and middle income countries, where most of those affected have type 2 diabetes. Cheap generic versions of current first line treatments, metformin and sulfonylureas, are widely available so why does this not apply to insulin?

Human insulin is off patent, is relatively simple to manufacture, and WHO recently included it in its list of essential medicines in preference to analogue insulin.1 Generic biosynthetic human insulin would bring down the price of insulin, and several companies have the capacity to produce it, but progress has been confounded by claims that branded analogue insulins—which are typically two to four times the cost of branded human insulin—are better treatment. 

This claim does not relate to biological action, for the analogues are simply delivery systems designed to speed or smooth the rate at which insulin reaches its receptor from the injection site. Although these properties are valuable in some situations, Cochrane type reviews of the use of human and analogue insulins have found limited evidence of benefit in type 2 diabetes 2 3 and NICE has reaffirmed that human insulin should be considered first line therapy in this condition.2 Only one study, on people with type 1 diabetes, has compared analogue and human insulin in double blind fashion. This found no change in haemoglobin A1c and a small reduction in nocturnal hypoglycaemia. The participants were unable to tell the insulins apart at the end of the study and …
Therapeutic decision‐making in inhibitor patients
Authors: Geoffrey Allen, Louis Aledort
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

A panel of hematologists met to discuss treatment choices in patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors. The group agreed that the management of bleeding episodes is complicated by a variable response to bypassing therapy, uncertainties regarding optimal dosing of NovoSeven, and concerns about the combined use of NovoSeven and FEIBA. Thrombotic risk was rated very low for both agents, and there was consensus that product selection should not be restricted to recombinant products. Cost considerations in therapeutic decision-making were also discussed.
New epidemiological research in Europe may be thwarted by short term funding
Authors: R. Saracci, J. Anto', J. Olsen, A. McMichael, D. Trichopoulos
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—The European Union's fifth framework programme of research is making available in 1999 some 850 million euros for projects in biomedicine, with the main objective of prompting new research on key themes for the health of European citizens. Whether this objective is achieved will depend critically on the length of funding.

The standard maximum time for a contract issued by the European Commission is still three years. Clearly, this is totally unrealistic for most research in epidemiology, as it is for research in environmental and occupational …
Intra-arterial Oxygen in Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: R. J. Marshall, R. F. Whelan
Journal: BMJ (1956)

The injection of small quantities of oxygen or of various other gases into the brachial artery of the normal subject is followed by marked vasodilatation in the hand and forearm which persists for an hour or more (Duff, Greenfield, and Whelan, 1953).This observation suggested a possible application in the treatment of patients with ischaemic disorders of the limbs.Much of the disability in these patients is a direct consequence of reduced blood flow to skin and muscle, and it was felt that if vasodilatation could be obtained comparable in degree and duration to that in normal people symptomatic benefit might result.Intra-arterial oxygen has been employed as a mode of therapy in ischaemic disorders of the lower limbs by Lemaire, Loeper, and Housset (1948); they were impressed with its effect in improving symptoms.Since then several workers in Germany (Wernitz and Dorken, 1954; M. Ratschow, personal communication, 1955; Hasse, Koble, and Linker, 1955) have claimed therapeutic benefit from intra-arterial oxygen therapy.This paper presents the results of a detailed study of circulatory changes induced by intra-arterial oxygen injections in patients with peripheral arterial disease involving upper and lower limbs.The changes are compared with those following intra-arterial injection of three potent vasodilator drugs: tolazoline (" priscol "), hydrallazine (" apresoline "), and phenyl-iso-butyl-np-hydroxy ephedrine (" dilatal "). MethodsThe investigations were carried out at a room temperature of 20-24' C. The patient rested on a couch for at least an hour before observations were made.In the case of the upper limb, injections were made into the brachial artery in the antecubital fossa; for the lower limb, they were made
The ramifications of HLA-B27
Authors: N. J Sheehan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Thirty years after its discovery,1,2 the association between HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis remains the strongest known relationship between a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen and a disease.

Epidemiological studies in the 1960s and early 1970s identified close links between several distinct forms of arthritis that were given the collective title of the seronegative spondarthritides.3 Recognition that HLA-B27 was a genetic marker for these diseases led to a review of the composition of the group, resulting in the exclusion of Whipple’s disease and Behcet’s syndrome and the inclusion of other conditions such as undifferentiated and formes frustes of spondarthritis4 and HLA-B27 associated isolated peripheral enthesitis.5 Notwithstanding a 28–44% prevalence of HLA-B27 in affected patients, Whipple’s disease was excluded after being found to be caused by the actinobacterium Tropheryma whipplei,6 whilst Behcet’s syndrome forfeited its place for many reasons including a lack of association with HLA-B27.7

Box 1 lists the seronegative spondarthritides currently recognized—now more commonly known as the seronegative spondylarthropathies or spondyloarthropathies.
The After-Treatment of Operations.
Authors: John Percy Lookhart-Mummery
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radial Artery Puncture and the Allen Test
Authors: THOMAS WILLIAMS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1987Radial Artery Puncture and the Allen TestTHOMAS WILLIAMS, M.D., JERALD R. SCHENKEN, M.D.THOMAS WILLIAMS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JERALD R. SCHENKEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-1-164_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the excellent and timely review of indications for arterial blood gas analysis (1), Dr. Raffin states that "an Allen test should be done to assess adequacy of collateral circulation." The original reference (2) describing this test is cited. Dr. Raffin, however, does not make clear whether this recommendation pertains to the use of the brachial artery, radial artery, or both.In more recent literature and in several institutions in our area, radial arterial punctures are routine and the Allen test has not been uniformly recommended. Early reports of percutaneous radial artery punctures did not incorporate the...References1. RAFFIN T. Indications for arterial blood gas analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:390-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ALLEN E. Thromboangitis obliterans: methods of diagnosis of chronic occlusive arterial lesions distal to the wrist with illustrative cases. Am J Med Sci. 1929;178:237-44. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. LINDESMITHWINGAGODNOUGHPARADISE LEDR. Arterial punctures by inhalation therapy personnel. Chest. 1972;61:83-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SACKNERAVERYSOKOLOWSKI MWJ. Arterial punctures by nurses. Chest. 1971;59:97-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MORTENSEN J. Clinical sequelae from arterial needle puncture, cannulation and incision. Circulation. 1967;35:1118-23. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. MANGANOHICKEY DR. Ischemic injury following uncomplicated radial artery catheterization. Anesth Analg. 1979;58:55-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Pathology Center Nebraska Methodist Hospital Omaha, NE 68114 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMicrosurgical reconstruction of the head and neck – Current practice of maxillofacial units in Germany, Austria, and SwitzerlandA meta-analysis on the utility of peripheral venous blood gas analyses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the emergency departmentEvaluation of collateral circulation of the handRadial artery puncture: a comparison of threehaemostatic techniquesRadial Artery Puncture and the Allen TestJOHN A. SPITTELL JR, M.D., JOHN L. JUERGENS, M.D., JOHN F. FAIRBAIRN II, M.D. 1 January 1987Volume 106, Issue 1Page: 164-165KeywordsArterial blood gasArteriesGas analysis Issue Published: 1 January 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Nitric Oxide Activity Is Deficient in Spasm Arteries of Patients With Coronary Spastic Angina
Authors: Kiyotaka Kugiyama, Hirofumi Yasue, Ken Okumura, Hisao Ogawa, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Koichi Nakao, Michihiro Yoshimura, Takeshi Motoyama, Yoshito Inobe, Hiroaki Kawano
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Coronary spasm can be induced by acetylcholine, serotonin, ergonovine, or histamine, all of which cause vasodilation when the endothelium is intact by releasing nitric oxide (NO). Coronary spasm is promptly relieved by nitroglycerin, which vasodilates through its conversion to NO. It is thus possible that NO release may be deficient in the spasm arteries in patients with coronary spastic angina (CSA). The aim of this study was to determine whether NO release is deficient in coronary arteries of patients with CSA. Methods and Results N G -monomethyl- l -arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of NO synthase, was infused into coronary arteries in 21 patients with coronary spastic angina (CSA) and in 28 control patients. Coronary spasm was induced by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine and was documented angiographically in all patients with CSA. L-NMMA dose-dependently decreased basal luminal diameter of coronary arteries in control patients, whereas it had no effect on basal diameter of the spasm arteries in patients with CSA. L-NMMA abolished the dilator response to acetylcholine and enhanced the constrictor response to acetylcholine in control arteries, whereas it had no effect on the constrictor response to acetylcholine in spasm arteries. Intracoronary infusion of l -arginine did not affect the diameter of spasm or control arteries. The dilator response to nitroglycerin was increased markedly in spasm arteries compared with control ar-teries, whereas response to diltiazem did not differ between them. Conclusions There is a deficiency in endothelial NO activity in spasm arteries, which leads to the supersensitivity of the artery to the vasodilator effect of nitroglycerin and to the vasoconstrictor effect of acetylcholine in patients with CSA. This deficient endothelial NO activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary spasm.
Cystic Adventitial Disease of the Popliteal Artery
Authors: G. J. T. Lewis, D. M. Douglas, W. Reid, J. K. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1967)

In 1954 Ejrup and Hiertonn recorded a case of stenosis of the popliteal artery caused by a cyst arising from the adventitia, and this case and three similar ones were described by Hiertonn, Lindberg, and Rob (1957) as " cystic degeneration of the popliteal artery."The cardinal features they described were those of a localized arterial disease of young adult males causing intermittent claudication of sudden onset, which was success- fully treated by resection of the affected arterial segment with autogenous vein graft or arterial homograft replacement.This condtion is rare, and of the 32 cases described in the literature 24 have involved the popliteal artery (Sutton, 1962;Hamming and Vink, 1965; and others).It has also been described in the external iliac artery (Atkins and Key, 1946; Jacquet and Meyer-Burgdorff, 1960), the radial artery (Parkes, 1961; Bdckstrbm, Linell, and Ostberg, 1965), and the ulnar artery (Parkes, 1961), andHiertonn (1966) mentions a case in which the lesion arose from a small branch of the popliteal artery.This paper presents three additional cases affecting the popliteal artery and reviews the literature on the condition.
Rapid formation of hepatic organoid in collagen sponge by rat small hepatocytes and hepatic nonparenchymal cells
Authors: Keisuke Harada, Toshihiro Mitaka, Shigeki Miyamoto, Shinichi Sugimoto, Shinichiro Ikeda, Hiroshi Takeda, Yohichi Mochizuki, Koichi Hirata
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)