tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis with rifampicin.
Authors: N L Cox, M V Prowse, M C Maddison, P J Maddison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Following a report that seven of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had come into clinical and laboratory remission after treatment with rifampicin, and that six of the seven responders had a disease duration of less than three years, 21 patients with classical or definite RA of recent onset were treated with 600 mg rifampicin and 300 mg isoniazid daily for six months. Fourteen of 21 patients completed six months9 treatment, but there was no significant improvement in the mean values of the clinical and laboratory parameters measured. The improvement suggested by preliminary studies in patients with early RA is not seen in this larger group. In patients with a disease duration of less than 18 months, however, there was a significant decrease in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the serum concentrations of C reactive protein after treatment for six months, although there was no significant clinical improvement. Future studies of this drug in patients with RA should concentrate on this group.
Bronchoconstrictor properties of preservatives in ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) nebuliser solution.
Authors: C R Beasley, P Rafferty, S T Holgate
Journal: BMJ (1987)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To evaluate the inflammatory involvement of cervical interspinous bursae in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) using MRI. <h3>Methods:</h3> In all, 12 consecutive, untreated new patients with PMR were investigated. Five patients with fibromyalgia, two patients with cervical osteoarthritis and six patients with spondyloarthritis with neck pain served as controls. MRI of the cervical spine was performed in all 12 PMR case patients and in 13 control patients. Two of the four patients with PMR with pelvic girdle pain also had MRI of the lumbar spine. <h3>Results:</h3> MRI evidence of interspinous cervical bursitis was found in all patients with PMR, and in three patients with fibromyalgia, in two with psoriatic spondylitis and one with cervical osteoarthritis. A moderate to marked (grade ⩾2 on a semiquantitative 0–3 scale) cervical bursitis occurred significantly more frequently in patients with PMR than in control patients (83.3% compared with 30.7%, p = 0.015). In all patients and controls with cervical bursitis the involvement was found at the C5–C7 cervical interspaces. MRI of the lumbar spine showed lumbar interspinous bursitis at the L3–L5 lumbar interspaces in the two patients with PMR and pelvic girdle pain examined. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Cervical interspinous bursitis is a likely basis for discomfort in the neck of patients with PMR. The prominent inflammatory involvement of cervical bursae supports the hypothesis that PMR is a disorder of prominent involvement of extra-articular synovial structures.
Effect of age on use of thrombolytic therapy and mortality in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: W.Douglas Weaver, Paul E. Litwin, Jenny S. Martin, Peter J. Kudenchuk, Charles Maynard, Mickey S. Eisenberg, Mary T. Ho, Leonard A. Cobb, J.Ward Kennedy, Mark S. Wirkus
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Expression and functional assessment of a truncated cardiac troponin T that causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Evidence for a dominant negative action.
Authors: H Watkins, C E Seidman, J G Seidman, H S Feng, H L Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Mutations in the beta-myosin heavy chain gene are believed to cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by acting as dominant negative alleles. In contrast, a truncated cardiac troponin T (TnT) that causes HCM implies that altered stoichiometry of contractile proteins may also cause cardiac hypertrophy. Wild-type and HCM-mutant (truncated) TnT were studied in a novel quail myotube expression system. Unexpectedly, antibody staining demonstrated incorporation of both forms of human cardiac TnT into the sarcomeres of quail myotubes. Functional studies of wild type and mutant transfected myotubes of normal appearance revealed that calcium-activated force of contraction was normal upon incorporation of wild type TnT, but greatly diminished for the mutant TnT. These findings indicate that HCM-causing mutations in TnT and beta-myosin heavy chain share abnormalities in common, acting as dominant negative alleles that impair contractile performance. This diminished force output is the likely stimulus for hypertrophy in the human heart.
Polymorphisms of microsomal epoxide hydrolase gene and severity of HCV-related liver disease
Authors: Laura Sonzogni, Laura Silvestri, Annalisa De Silvestri, Chiara Gritti, Luciana Foti, Claudio Zavaglia, Riccardo Bottelli, Mario U. Mondelli, Emilio Civardi, Enrico M. Silini
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Factors influencing the progression of liver disease and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are poorly understood. Inherited variations of drug-metabolizing enzyme (DME) activities may affect liver damage and cancer risk by modifying individual susceptibility to endogenous or exogenous toxic compounds. We investigated the association of liver disease severity with common alleles of microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of highly reactive epoxide intermediates. Three polymorphisms (Tyr113His, His139Arg, and −613C/T) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in 394 patients at different stages of disease, including 92 asymptomatic carriers, 109 patients with chronic hepatitis, 100 patients with cirrhosis, and 93 patients with HCC. Reference allele frequencies were obtained from 99 healthy blood donors. Allele distributions between categories were compared using the χ 2 test; odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were calculated to express relative risks. Allele frequencies among 99 healthy controls were as follows: 15.1% for 113His/His, 4.0% for 139Arg/Arg, and 46.5% for −613C/T. mEH 113His/His homozygotes were overrepresented in advanced stages of disease, in particular among HCC patients (27.9%; P = .03; OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.0-4.6). Differences were more pronounced among men and between extreme patient categories. When mEH genotypes were combined to express a metabolic phenotype, very slow metabolizers were highly prevalent among cirrhotic and HCC patients (18% vs. 3.3% in carriers; P &lt; .001). In conclusion, mEH gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with HCV-related liver disease severity and HCC risk. Men were at higher risk than women; this might be explained by hormonal regulation of gene expression or by differential exposure to environmental toxins.
A Safe Bacterial Microsyringe for In Vivo Antigen Delivery and Immunotherapy
Authors: Audrey Le Gouëllec, Xavier Chauchet, David Laurin, Caroline Aspord, Julien Verove, Yan Wang, Charlotte Genestet, Candice Trocme, Mitra Ahmadi, Sandrine Martin, Alexis Broisat, François Cretin, Catherine Ghezzi, Benoit Polack, Joël Plumas, Bertrand Toussaint
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

The industrial development of active immunotherapy based on live-attenuated bacterial vectors has matured. We developed a microsyringe for antigen delivery based on the type III secretion system (T3SS) of P. aeruginosa. We applied the "killed but metabolically active" (KBMA) attenuation strategy to make this bacterial vector suitable for human use. We demonstrate that attenuated P. aeruginosa has the potential to deliver antigens to human antigen-presenting cells in vitro via T3SS with considerable attenuated cytotoxicity as compared with the wild-type vector. In a mouse model of cancer, we demonstrate that this KBMA strain, which cannot replicate in its host, efficiently disseminates into lymphoid organs and delivers its heterologous antigen. The attenuated strain effectively induces a cellular immune response to the cancerous cells while lowering the systemic inflammatory response. Hence, a KBMA P. aeruginosa microsyringe is an efficient and safe tool for in vivo antigen delivery.
619 THE MTORC1 INHIBITOR RAPAMYCIN INDUCES A SPECIFIC PRO-INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE FAVORING IL-12 IN LPS-STIMULATED IMMUNE CELLS FROM PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS
Authors: E. Weiss, S. Gandoura, P.-E. Rautou, M. Fasseu, M. Hurtado, T. Gustot, M.-A. Gougerot-Pocidalo, C. Paugam-Burtz, D. Lebrec, R. Moreau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Collagen metabolism in two rare forms of epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: M. KERO, A. PALOTIE, L. PELTONEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Collagen metabolism in two rare forms of epidermolysis bullosa Get access M. KERO, M. KERO Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Hämeenlinna Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. PALOTIE, A. PALOTIE Department of Anatomy, University of Oulu, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. PELTONEN L. PELTONEN Department of Anatomy, University of Oulu, Finland Leena Peltonen, M.D., Ph.D., Dept. of Anatomy, University of Oulu, Kajaanintie 52 A, SF‐90220 Oulu 22, Finland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 2, 1 February 1984, Pages 177–184, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb07464.x Published: 01 February 1984 Article history Accepted: 27 July 1983 Published: 01 February 1984
LEPROSY OVERCOME BY ISOLATION IN THE MIDDLE AGES.
Authors: ALBERT S. ASHMEAD
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In the Middle Ages leprosy spread in every country of Europe and continued to spread until strenuous efforts were made to bring the diseased parts out of contact with the healthy community. In this no charitable regard was had to the victims of the scourge; the weal of the sane majority alone was considered. It is from this point of view that it behooves us also to judge the conduct of the church. The Order of Lazarus was founded and lazarettoes built in great numbers. The work and purpose of the order were to segregate and govern the afflicted and dangerous part of humanity. The thing was necessary, was an unavoidable consequence of the resolve of healthy mankind to remain so, and it was not so much charity as one might believe. The community wanted this work to be done, and who could do it but the church? But, according
Post-ERP pancreatitis as a model for cytokine induced acute phase response in acute pancreatitis.
Authors: H Messmann, W Vogt, A Holstege, G Lock, A Heinisch, A von Furstenberg, H G Leser, H Zirngibl, J Scholmerich
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: By contrast with animal models, in most cases it is not possible to examine the systemic response in patients in the first hours after onset of acute pancreatitis. The aim was to determine whether endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERP)-induced pancreatitis can be used as a human model for the study of cytokine release and acute phase response in the first hours of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy consecutive patients undergoing ERP for different reasons were prospectively evaluated by sampling blood before and 0, 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours after ERP and, in patients who developed an acute post-ERP pancreatitis, daily until C reactive protein (CRP) was within normal range. A post-ERP pancreatitis was defined as a three-fold increase of amylase or lipase and at least two of the clinical symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and peritonism during 24 hours after ERP. RESULTS: Nine out of 70 patients developed an acute pancreatitis. Cytokines and other biochemical variables were measured in those nine and in 34 patients out of the 61 not developing pancreatitis. In the nine patients amylase and lipase increased within the first hour after ERP with maximum values between four and 12 hours. Interleukin-6 increased to maximal concentrations after 24-48 hours and the highest CRP concentrations were found 72 hours after ERP. Tumour necrosis factor did not change. CONCLUSION: Post-ERP pancreatitis is an ideal model in which to examine the initial cytokine and acute phase response in the first hours after the initiation of the disease.
Retrograde Flow Pattern on a Gastrointestinal Bleeding Scan
Authors: PATRICE A. WISE, VIDYA V. SAGAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A gastrointestinal (Gl) bleeding scan was performed using the modified in vivo Tc-99m red cell labeling technique. Images were obtained at frequent intervals to localize the bleeding site on a 77-year-old patient with recurrent episodes of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The patient had a left colon resection and anastomosis for diverticulitis 3 months before this study. During imaging, the bleeding site was detected in the lower descending colon. Retrograde flow was noted on the image (after a bowel movement) in the right colon but the pattern at this distal site was not related to an additional bleeding source at surgery. Surgical findings revealed the bleeding point at 5 cm above the previous anastomosis in the sigmoid colon.
The saga of Poly Implant Prosthese breast implants
Authors: C. Heneghan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The value of nasogastric (NG) tube placement in patients with upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding (UGIB) is unclear. We therefore aimed to determine the usefulness of NG tube placement in patients with UGIB. The study was a single-blind, randomized, prospective, non-inferiority study comparing NG placement (with aspiration and lavage) to no NG placement (control). The primary outcome was the probability that physicians could predict the presence of a high-risk lesion (ie, requiring endoscopic therapy). 140 patients in each arm were included; baseline clinical features were similar in each group. The probability that there would be a high-risk lesion in the control arm was predicted to be 35% compared with 39% in the NG arm (after NG placement)—a probability difference of −4% (95% CI −12% to 3%), which confirmed non-inferiority of the 2 arms (p=0.002). All patients underwent endoscopy and all patients with high-risk lesions had endoscopic therapy. Physicians predicted the specific culprit lesion in 38% (53/140) and 39% (55/140) of patients in the control and NG (after NG placement) groups, respectively. The presence of coffee grounds or red blood in the NG aspirate did not change physician assessments. Pain, nasal bleeding, or failure of NG occurred in 47/140 (34%) patients. There were no differences in rebleeding rates or mortality. In patients with acute UGIB, the ability of physicians to predict culprit bleeding lesions and/or the presence of high-risk lesions was poor. Routine NG placement did not improve physician9s predictive ability, did not affect outcomes, and was complicated in one-third of patients. <h3>Trail Registration Number:</h3> NCT00689754.
Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With Those of Other Medical Settings
Authors: James R. Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters16 February 2010Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With Those of Other Medical SettingsJames R. Johnson, MDJames R. Johnson, MDFrom Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-4-201002160-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although intended primarily as a comparison of retail clinics with other medical settings, the study by Mehrotra and colleagues (1) incidentally documents disturbing lapses in management of urinary tract infections in the comparison standard. Thus, the observed noninferiority of retail clinics says less about the adequacy of these clinics' performance than about the inadequate performance of the traditional care settings studied. Specifically, in the physician office, urgent care, and emergency department groups, more than 40% of high-risk patients had no urine culture done (despite the known greater diversity of pathogens and higher likelihood of antimicrobial resistance in ...References1. Mehrotra A, Liu H, Adams JL, Wang MC, Lave JR, Thygeson NM, et al. Comparing costs and quality of care at retail clinics with that of other medical settings for 3 common illnesses. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:321-8. [PMID: 19721020] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Warren JW, Abrutyn E, Hebel JR, Johnson JR, Schaeffer AJ, Stamm WE. Guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of uncomplicated acute bacterial cystitis and acute pyelonephritis in women. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:745-58. [PMID: 10589881] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417.Disclosures:Consultancies: Ortho-McNeil. Grants received: Bayer, Wyeth, Procter & Gamble, Merck. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoComparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With That of Other Medical Settings for 3 Common Illnesses Ateev Mehrotra , Hangsheng Liu , John L. Adams , Margaret C. Wang , Judith R. Lave , N. Marcus Thygeson , Leif I. Solberg , and Elizabeth A. McGlynn Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With Those of Other Medical Settings Ateev Mehrotra , N. Marcus Thygeson , and Elizabeth A. McGlynn Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With Those of Other Medical Settings Rajan Kochar Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With Those of Other Medical Settings Richard A. Young Metrics 16 February 2010Volume 152, Issue 4Page: 266-267KeywordsAntibioticsAntimicrobial resistanceClinical trialsConflicts of interestCystitisHealth care qualityPathogensUrine ePublished: 16 February 2010 Issue Published: 16 February 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Genetic and Pharmacologic Inhibition of eIF4E Reduces Breast Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion, and Metastasis
Authors: Filippa Pettersson, Sonia V. del Rincon, Audrey Emond, Bonnie Huor, Elaine Ngan, Jonathan Ng, Monica C. Dobocan, Peter M. Siegel, Wilson H. Miller
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The translation initiation factor eIF4E is an oncogene that is commonly overexpressed in primary breast cancers and metastases. In this article, we report that a pharmacologic inhibitor of eIF4E function, ribavirin, safely and potently suppresses breast tumor formation. Ribavirin administration blocked the growth of primary breast tumors in several murine models and reduced the development of lung metastases in an invasive model. Mechanistically, eIF4E silencing or blockade reduced the invasiveness and metastatic capability of breast cancer cells in a manner associated with decreased activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-9. Furthermore, eIF4E silencing or ribavirin treatment suppressed features of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process crucial for metastasis. Our findings offer a preclinical rationale to explore broadening the clinical evaluation of ribavirin, currently being tested in patients with eIF4E-overexpressing leukemia, as a strategy to treat solid tumors such as metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res; 75(6); 1102–12. ©2015 AACR.
Measurement of cardiac output distribution using microspheres. Some practical and theoretical considerations
Authors: D. J. WARREN, J. G. G. LEDINGHAM
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article Measurement of cardiac output distribution using microspheres. Some practical and theoretical considerations Get access DAVID J. WARREN, DAVID J. WARREN 2 From the Department of the Regius Professor of Medicine and the Nuffield Institute for Medical Research, University of Oxford 2Beit Memorial Research Fellow. Present address and address for reprints: Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN G. G. LEDINGHAM JOHN G. G. LEDINGHAM From the Department of the Regius Professor of Medicine and the Nuffield Institute for Medical Research, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 4, July 1974, Pages 570–581, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.4.570 Published: 01 July 1974
A new recurrent inversion, inv(7)(p15q34), leads to transcriptional activation of HOXA10 and HOXA11 in a subset of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias
Authors: F Speleman, B Cauwelier, N Dastugue, J Cools, B Verhasselt, B Poppe, N Van Roy, J Vandesompele, C Graux, A Uyttebroeck, M Boogaerts, B De Moerloose, Y Benoit, D Selleslag, J Billiet, A Robert, F Huguet, P Vandenberghe, A De Paepe, P Marynen, A Hagemeijer
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
MEDICINE AT THE CROSSROADS
Authors: HARVEY CUSHING
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In April of 1918, a Canadian casualty clearing station had been newly set up, in the emergency of that critical time, at a hamlet called Pernes somewhere near Bethune in Flanders. The surgical "teams," as they were called, hurriedly assembled from where they could be spared, were working on day and night shifts like factory hands to keep abreast of the raw material fed in to them. We dealt with wounds—not the man. For him we had no time. Some far away government took that responsibility and is still paying for it. In the midst of this, on an afternoon while in the course of one more gruesome task, I was suddenly told by a much annoyed Commanding Officer that orders had been received from the A. E. F. for me to report forthwith at a place called Langres. Anything may happen in time of war, and one asks not
TIMING DEVICES IN MEDICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Albert S. Hyman
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The wide field of usefulness suggested by the ingenious clock described by Dr. Joseph B. De Lee inThe Journal, March 26, may be considerably increased by its inclusion into the instrumentarium of the well equipped cardiac clinic. Certain modifications in the mechanism of the clock render it peculiarly serviceable in the performing of routine cardiac function tests. In a communication entitled "A Clock for the Cardiac Clinic" (<i>Boston M. &amp; S. J.</i><b>195</b>: 707 [Oct. 7] I attempted to point out how function tests that utilize pulse frequency ratios may be greatly simplified by this chronometer. Dr. De Lee's clock is too valuable an instrument to remain concealed within the walls of an obstetric operating room, and this note is written merely to call attention to its widespread applicability in other fields of activity, not the least of which is its general use in the study
Persistent Tachycardia, Paroxysmal Hypertension, and Seizures
Authors: Crawford W. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A 35-year-old woman underwent diagnostic studies because of an 18-year history of paroxysmal tachycardia, hypertension, syncope, and seizures. The studies and postmortem examination failed to reveal any recognized cause for the cardiac symptoms. Associated findings included dominantly inherited microphthalmia with cataracts, and hyperglycinuria with renal stones. The findings appear to constitute an unusual genetically determined syndrome resulting from a still uncharacterized abnormality in glycine metabolism.
In and out of the brain
Authors: S. Spence
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Currently on show at the Functional Imaging Laboratory, Queen Square, is an exhibition of gouaches and drawings by the German artist Ingo Wirth. Much of Wirth's earlier work is rooted in Greek and German mythology, but in this new exhibition he has incorporated images taken from brain mapping, in particular positron emission tomography.

Functional, as opposed to structural, imaging sets out to study dynamic activity within the brain. In one approach, changes in regional cerebral blood flow are measured as an index of activity within local synaptic (neuronal) populations. Hence the changes that accompany a given task, …