tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-16-03: Influence of radiotherapy boost in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of breast cancer: A multicenter, retrospective study in Korea (KROG 11-04)
Authors: JH Kim, DH Choi, W Park, SW Ha, K Kim, JW Ye, C-O Suh, KH Shin, DW Kim, JH Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose We aimed to estimate the effect of boost radiotherapy on local relapse-free survival (LRFS) in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast cancer. Material and Methods We included patients from 8 institutions who met the following inclusion criteria: having tumor status Tis, age 18 years or older at diagnosis, having had breast conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy within 12 weeks after surgery. From January 1995 through December 2006, 594 patients with DCIS breast cancer treated with BCS and radiotherapy were analyzed retrospectively in a study by Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG). All patients received whole breast radiotherapy (median 5040 cGy) after BCS. Among them, 154 patients (25.9%) received boost radiotherapy (median 1000 cGy) after whole breast radiotherapy. Patients who received boost radiotherapy had higher tumor grade, more comedo pattern and less papillary pattern. Other patients’ or tumor characteristics were not statistically different between boost group and no boost group. Results After median follow-up of 89 months (range 26-200), 5 year and 10 year LRFS was 98.3% and 95.6%. There was no statistically significant difference of LRFS between boost group and no boost group. Local relapse free survival according to boost radiotherpay 5-year LRFS* (%)10-year LRFS (%)p-value**Boost group98.196.20.626No boost group98.495.4 *Local relapse free survival, **Log-rank test Nineteen (3.2%) patients had ipsilateral breast recurrences, of whom, 12 patients had invasive breast cancer and 7 had DCIS. Positive HER2 receptor was associated with higher invasive recurrences. Ipsilateral breast recurrences according to HER2 receptor TotalHER2 receptor (+)HER2 receptor (-)p-value*Ipsilateral breast121110.017Invasive8800.023DCIS**4310.642*Fisher's exact test, **Ductal carcinoma in situ Nine (1.5%) patients developed contralateral breast cancer, of whom, 6 were invasive breast cancer and 3 were DCIS. On multivariate analysis, only margin status was a significant prognostic factor for LRFS. Conclusion In the absence of randomized trials, boost radiotherapy could not decrease local recurrence in DCIS of breast cancer after BCS and radiotherapy. In addition, patients with positive HER2 receptor would need further treatment like target agent, trastuzumab. NSABP B-43 study result would answer the question. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-16-03.
Residence of incident cohort of psychotic patients after 13 years of follow up
Authors: G. Harrison, P. Mason, C. Glazebrook, I. Medley, T. Croudace, S. Docherty
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To establish the residential history of an incident cohort of psychotic patients 13 years after their first contact with the psychiatric services.Tracing of all patients admitted to the WHO study on determinants of outcome of severe mental disorders in Nottingham between 1978 and 1980. Patients were assessed using standardised and comparable instruments, and extra information was obtained from key informants and medical records.Catchment area of Nottingham psychiatric services.Main place of residence over the previous two years and residential history over 13 years in terms of homelessness, imprisonment, and use of high dependency psychiatric facilities.95 patients were traced. At the point of follow up no patients were in long stay psychiatric wards, two were in supervised residence, none was homeless, and none was in prison or a high security hospital. 85 patients were living either independently alone or with their family or friends in the community. Of these, 44 had had no contact with the psychiatric services at the point of follow up.Although many patients experienced a difficult early course of illness, the longer term outcome of the disorder was associated with remarkably low periods of homelessness and imprisonment and low use of intensive care facilities. These findings offer some reassurance, given the concerns about the effectiveness of community oriented care for this potentially most vulnerable group of psychiatric patients.
Wait-and-See Prescription for Acute Otitis Media—Reply
Authors: David M. Spiro, Eugene D. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cherubism allele heterozygosity amplifies microbe-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages
Authors: Virginie Prod’Homme, Laurent Boyer, Nicholas Dubois, Aude Mallavialle, Patrick Munro, Xavier Mouska, Isabelle Coste, Robert Rottapel, Sophie Tartare-Deckert, Marcel Deckert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Cherubism is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder that is associated with point mutations in the SH3-domain binding protein 2 (SH3BP2) gene, which encodes the adapter protein 3BP2. Individuals with cherubism present with symmetrical fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw, which are attributed to exacerbated osteoclast activation and defective osteoblast differentiation. Although it is a dominant trait in humans, cherubism appears to be recessively transmitted in mice, suggesting the existence of additional factors in the pathogenesis of cherubism. Here, we report that macrophages from 3BP2-deficient mice exhibited dramatically reduced inflammatory responses to microbial challenge and reduced phagocytosis. 3BP2 was necessary for LPS-induced activation of signaling pathways involved in macrophage function, including SRC, VAV1, p38MAPK, IKKα/β, RAC, and actin polymerization pathways. Conversely, we demonstrated that the presence of a single Sh3bp2 cherubic allele and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) stimulation had a strong cooperative effect on macrophage activation and inflammatory responses in mice. Together, the results from our study in murine genetic models support the notion that infection may represent a driver event in the etiology of cherubism in humans and suggest limiting inflammation in affected individuals may reduce manifestation of cherubic lesions.
Hop, an Active Mutator-like Element in the Genome of the Fungus Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: F. Chalvet
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

A new type of active DNA transposon has been identified in the genome of Fusarium oxysporum by its transposition into the niaD target gene. Two insertions within the final exon, in opposite orientations at the same nucleotide site, have been characterized. These elements, called Hop, are 3,299 bp long, with perfect terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) of 99 bp. The sequencing of genomic copies reveals a 9-bp target site duplication and no apparent sequence specificity at the insertion sites. The sequencing of a cDNA indicates that Hop does not contain an intron and encodes a putative transposase of 836 amino acids. The structural features (length, TIRs size, and 9-bp duplication), together with the presence of conserved domains in the transposase, strongly suggest that Hop is a Mutator-like element (MULE). Hop is thus the first active member of this family found beyond plants. The high rate of excision observed indicates that Hop is very active and thus represents a promising efficient tagging system for the isolation of fungal genes. The distribution of Hop elements within the Fusarium genus revealed that they are present in different species, suggesting that related elements could be present in other fungal genomes. In fact, Hop-related sequences have been identified in the survey of the entire genome sequence of three other ascomycetes, Magnaporthe grisea, Neurospora crassa, and Aspergillus fumigatus.
The British National Health Service under the Conservatives — Part II
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

The story of Britain's National Health Service (NHS) 35 years after its creation is fundamentally a saga of success. In a nation beset with economic problems, the health service has removed financial worry from the equation of individual illness and has long been the most popular program of the welfare state. Consumer satisfaction reflects this popularity1; moreover, the health status of the citizenry is high, and the cost of the NHS is moderately low, as compared with costs in other industrialized nations. Although the health service's doctors and nurses have intensified their complaints about government policies, they still basically . . .
981 A RANDOMIZED OPEN LABEL CLINICAL TRIAL WITH ORAL ALFA LIPOIC ACID AND VITAMIN E IN NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND NON ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS
Authors: P.P. Basu, K. Rayapudi, T. Pacana, S. Ramamurthy, R. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Commissioned scholarly reviews in dermatology
Authors: A. Anstey, T. Bleiker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Review articles are popular with clinicians who savour concise, scholarly accounts of hot topics. Reading reviews is perceived as good use of precious time for busy dermatologists, recognizing that accessing and assimilating key information from a series of original articles is difficult. High‐quality reviews identify and interpret the best original research, and create new knowledge through synthesis with existing knowledge within the context of clinical practice. The ideas and insights provided by such scholarly reviews have usually been developed and honed by the author in their teaching practice. Importantly, a well‐written review has the potential to improve clinical practice by inspiring the reader to acquire new knowledge and insights that lead to improved patient care. However, informal discussion with jobbing clinicians reveals that all is not well with this vision of professional practice. Some reviews in dermatology attempt to be comprehensive with the emphasis on including everything published on a topic, rather than selecting key papers that have the potential to change practice. This type of review is usually too long (and too dull) to engage and inform busy clinicians. Review articles written by less‐experienced clinicians may be comprehensive but lack clarity and brevity. Furthermore, a disconnect between theory and practice may be evident, as the novice author has a limited pool of experience to illustrate how the review relates to clinical practice.
CNS-targeted gene therapy improves survival and motor function in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Marco A. Passini, Jie Bu, Eric M. Roskelley, Amy M. Richards, S. Pablo Sardi, Catherine R. O’Riordan, Katherine W. Klinger, Lamya S. Shihabuddin, Seng H. Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by a deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) due to mutations in the SMN1 gene. In this study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing human SMN (AAV8-hSMN) was injected at birth into the CNS of mice modeling SMA. Western blot analysis showed that these injections resulted in widespread expression of SMN throughout the spinal cord, and this translated into robust improvement in skeletal muscle physiology, including increased myofiber size and improved neuromuscular junction architecture. Treated mice also displayed substantial improvements on behavioral tests of muscle strength, coordination, and locomotion, indicating that the neuromuscular junction was functional. Treatment with AAV8-hSMN increased the median life span of mice with SMA-like disease to 50 days compared with 15 days for untreated controls. Moreover, injecting mice with SMA-like disease with a human SMN-expressing self-complementary AAV vector - a vector that leads to earlier onset of gene expression compared with standard AAV vectors - led to improved efficacy of gene therapy, including a substantial extension in median survival to 157 days. These data indicate that CNS-directed, AAV-mediated SMN augmentation is highly efficacious in addressing both neuronal and muscular pathologies in a severe mouse model of SMA.
Studies on Tolerance to Ganglionic Blocking Agents in Man
Authors: A. S. DONTAS, S. W. HOOBLER
Journal: Circulation (1954)

The hypotensive effects of intravenous injections of tetraethylammonium and hexamethonium chloride diminish and finally become pressor during the course of short-term treatment with subcutaneous hexamethonium. Evidence is presented to indicate that this "tolerance" is associated with a decreased sympathetic tone in the feet and forearm and is not due to increased amounts of circulating adrenal medullary or cortical hormones. Possibilities are discussed for this apparent vascular autonomy and the locus of vasoconstriction. Cross tolerance appeared between several ganglionic blocking agents tested and extended to a minor degree to adrenergic blocking agents.
Aldosterone and electrolyte movements in the colon.
Authors: R. Shields
Journal: BMJ (1968)

pupils; and in another, a woman of 38, the clinical picture closely resembled disseminated sclerosis.Nearly half (13 cases) were over the age of 60, and 6 of them were over the age of 70.It came as a surprise to find such a large number in my files.Comparable figures in the same period of other neurological diseases are subacute combined degeneration 32 cases, syringomyelia 27 cases.The figures confirm the view that the era of neurosyphilis is still very much with us.-I am, etc.,
Letter: Myelotoxicity of gold.
Authors: P Tomson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

others,3 emphasise the need for a standard- ised stimulus and a standardised means of measuring the dermographic response.Only with standardised testing procedures can we estimate with confidence (a) the incidence of dermographism among patients and nonpatients and (b) the relationship between dermographism and other cutaneous responses (for example, chronic urticaria and hyper- reactivity to intradermal allergy testing).)
What do women want? Comfy shoes--sometimes
Authors: S. W. Balkin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —Dr Paulshock's 1 review of Howard Levy's book on  footbinding ends with, Chinese women of all social classes have liberated feet. Although freed from footbinding, women's feet have not been liberated from fashion shoes that cause widespread deformity.  Two hundred years ago, the Dutch physician Petrus Camper (1722-1789), in discussing the absurdities of shoe fashion, wrote, We bestow reasonable compassion upon the fate of  women who dislocate their feet in obedience to the dictates of a barbarous custom, and yet we ourselves have submitted complacently for ages to torture no less cruel. 2 Today it still applies as women electively damage their feet with ill-fitting and ill-designed shoes. In age groups over 65 years, women outnumber men in chronic foot disorders, with double the number of ingrown toenails, 3.5 times as many corns and calluses, and 13 times more bunions. 3 Women's fashion shoes induce
Health Care Prices, 1950-1967
Authors: Edward M. Craft
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The recent publicity that has followed the increase in health care prices prompts the need for a concise statement on their trends and significance. During the period 1950-1965, health care prices increased more than any other major component in the "Consumer Price Index" (66.6%). During the same period, physicians' fees increased each year with the average annual increase ranging from a high of 4.4% in 1952 to a low of 2.2% in 1963. In 1966, physicians' fees experienced an increase of 5.8% followed by an Increase in 1967 of 7.1%. The main cause of rising health care prices has been the industry's inability to satisfy expanding consumer demand. The dynamic nature of the economy, plus necessary financial considerations, have placed certain limitations on the CPI as an instrument for measuring changes in price levels. Despite these limitations, however, it is the most widely accepted indicator of price movements.
Once-weekly fluconazole (450 mg) for 4, 6, or 9 months of treatment for distal subungual onychomycosis of the toenail
Authors: Mark R. Ling, Leonard J. Swinyer, Michael Taylor Jarratt, Louis Falo, Eugene W. Monroe, Michael Tharp, James Kalivas, Gerald D. Weinstein, Richard G. Asarch, Lynn Drake, Ann G. Martin, James J. Leyden, Joel Cook, David M. Pariser, Robert Pariser, Bruce H. Thiers, Mark G. Lebwohl, Dennis Babel, Daniel M. Stewart, William H. Eaglstein, Vincent Falanga, H.Irving Katz, Wilma F. Bergfeld, Jon M. Hanifin, Sewon Kang, Charles J. McDonald, Jennie Muglia, Bernard S. Goffe, Marvin R. Young
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1998)
DNA hypomethylation causes bile duct defects in zebrafish and is a distinguishing feature of infantile biliary atresia
Authors: Randolph P. Matthews, Steven F. EauClaire, Monica Mugnier, Kristin Lorent, Shuang Cui, Megan M. Ross, Zhe Zhang, Pierre Russo, Michael Pack
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Infantile cholestatic disorders arise in the context of progressively developing intrahepatic bile ducts. Biliary atresia (BA), a progressive fibroinflammatory disorder of extra- and intrahepatic bile ducts, is the most common identifiable cause of infantile cholestasis and the leading indication for liver transplantation in children. The etiology of BA is unclear, and although there is some evidence for viral, toxic, and complex genetic causes, the exclusive occurrence of BA during a period of biliary growth and remodeling suggests an importance of developmental factors. Interestingly, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling is activated in patients and in the frequently utilized rhesus rotavirus mouse model of BA, and is thought to play a key mechanistic role. Here we demonstrate intrahepatic biliary defects and up-regulated hepatic expression of IFN-γ pathway genes caused by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of DNA methylation in zebrafish larvae. Biliary defects elicited by inhibition of DNA methylation were reversed by treatment with glucocorticoid, suggesting that the activation of inflammatory pathways was critical. DNA methylation was significantly reduced in bile duct cells from BA patients compared to patients with other infantile cholestatic disorders, thereby establishing a possible etiologic link between decreased DNA methylation, activation of IFN-γ signaling, and biliary defects in patients. Conclusion: Inhibition of DNA methylation leads to biliary defects and activation of IFN-γ-responsive genes, thus sharing features with BA, which we determine to be associated with DNA hypomethylation. We propose epigenetic activation of IFN-γ signaling as a common etiologic mechanism of intrahepatic bile duct defects in BA. (Hepatology 2011;)
A Ventriculoscope and Its Application for Experimental Neuroanatomy
Authors: T. Yamadori, Y. Imamura, M. Miura
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

By using a type III ventriculoscope for animal experiment (Yamadori) which can be inserted from the cisterna cerebellomedullaris, the interior of the fourth and third ventricles of dogs was observed, and lesions were produced in the adhesio interthalamica and midbrain tegmentum by discharge of 4 mA current for five seconds to the sheath of the ventriculoscope which is designed as an electrode. By this experiment, it was demonstrated that this 2.0 mm calibered fiberscope is effective in producing lesions accurately on the wall of the ventricular system without highly affecting the neighbouring structures.
Smoke it again, Sam
Authors: Stan Shatenstein
Journal: BMJ (2008)

For more than a decade, I’ve been writing and editing in the field of tobacco control. It’s no small irony that my favourite film is also a smoke-fest. With brilliant performances and a sparkling script, Michael Curtiz’s Casablanca marks the perfect marriage of romance and politics, cynicism and idealism.

In Casablanca people “wait ... and wait ... and wait” for visas to Lisbon, “the great …
Respiratory influence on heart rate in diabetes mellitus.
Authors: G Sundkvist, L O Almer, B Lilja
Journal: BMJ (1979)

To find a simple and accurate test of autonomic nervous dysfunction in diabetes mellitus, 41 insulin-dependent diabetics and 25 controls were investigated. The diabetics, none of whom had symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, were tested for retinopathy and sensory neuropathy. Each subject also performed maximal deep-breathing procedures while undergoing electrocardiographic recording: in normal subjects the intervals are shortened during inspiration and prolonged during expiration, and a difference in the heart rate between inspiration and expiration of 10% or less seems to indicate autonomic dysfunction. This difference was calculated as an E:I ratio of the mean of the longest R-R interval during maximal expiration to the mean of the shortest during maximal inspiration. Ten of the 18 patients found to have sensory neuropathy had abnormal E:I ratios, and among those with absent ankle reflexes the proportion was even higher (9 out of 11). The E:I ratio also seemed to be as accurate as traditional tests for autonomic dysfunction and easier to perform. Diabetics with autonomic dysfunction have an increased risk of acute cardiorespiratory death during and after surgery, and maximal deep breathing and calculation of the E:I ratio may be a useful test to perform on diabetics at risk.