tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Youth With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nancy A. West, Richard F. Hamman, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Santica M. Marcovina, Angela D. Liese, Philip S. Zeitler, Stephen R. Daniels, Dana Dabelea
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

OBJECTIVE—To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among recently diagnosed youth with type 2 diabetes and nondiabetic youth and investigate whether demographic, behavioral, or metabolic factors might account for observed differences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data from 106 type 2 diabetic and 189 nondiabetic multiethnic youth, aged 10–22 years, were analyzed. Prevalence of CVD risk factors were age and race/ethnicity adjusted using direct standardization. Multiple linear regression models were sequentially adjusted for demographic, behavioral (dietary saturated fat intake and physical activity), and metabolic (body adiposity and glycemia) factors to explore possible mechanisms associated with differences in CVD risk factors between the case and control groups. RESULTS—Compared with control subjects, youth with type 2 diabetes had a higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure, obesity, large waist circumference, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and high albumin-to-creatinine ratio (P &amp;lt; 0.05 for each risk factor). Type 2 diabetic youth also had higher levels of apolipoprotein B, fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein, and leptin; lower adiponectin levels; and denser LDL particles (P &amp;lt; 0.05 for each risk factor). Adjustment for BMI, waist circumference, and A1C substantially attenuated differences in the CVD risk factors between the case/control groups, except for fibrinogen and IL-6, which remained significantly higher in type 2 diabetic youth. CONCLUSIONS—Compared with control youth, type 2 diabetic youth have a less favorable CVD risk factor profile. Adiposity and glycemia are important contributors to differences in CVD risk profiles among type 2 diabetic and control youth. Inflammatory and prothrombotic factors may also play an important role.
Phase I trial of sequential administration of raltitrexed (Tomudex) and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdUrd)
Authors: E. Galanis, R. Goldberg, J. Reid, P. Atherton, J. Sloan, H. Pitot, J. Rubin, A.A. Adjei, P. Burch, S.L. Safgren, T.E. Witzig, M.M. Ames, C. Erlichman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2001)
Heterogeneity of fluorescence in psoriasis after application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: M.M. Kleinpenning, T. Smits, E. Ewalds, P.E.J. Van Erp, P.C.M. Van De Kerkhof, M.J.P. Gerritsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Heterogeneity of fluorescence in psoriasis after application of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid: an immunohistochemical study Get access M.M. Kleinpenning, M.M. Kleinpenning Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands M.M. Kleinpenning. E‐mail: m.kleinpenning@derma.umcn.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Smits, T. Smits Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Ewalds, E. Ewalds Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E.J. Van Erp, P.E.J. Van Erp Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C.M. Van De Kerkhof, P.C.M. Van De Kerkhof Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.J.P. Gerritsen M.J.P. Gerritsen Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Rene Descartesdreef 1, 6525 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 3, 1 September 2006, Pages 539–545, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07341.x Published: 01 September 2006 Article history Accepted: 09 February 2006 Published: 01 September 2006
Absorption of 1.5% glycine after percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy for renal stone disease.
Authors: J F Sinclair, A Hutchison, R Baraza, A B Telfer
Journal: BMJ (1985)

An elderly normotensive man underwent percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy for renal stone disease, the procedure lasting three hours and the fragments being washed out with 20 l 1.5% glycine. After two hours the inflation pressure had risen to 25 cm H2O and his blood pressure to 150 mm Hg. Inflation pressure continued to rise until drainage tubes were inserted into the retroperitoneal space, releasing a large volume of fluid, some of which appeared to be from the peritoneal cavity. Shortly after transfer to the recovery area the patient showed signs of the transurethral resection syndrome, with hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, and hypertension. He was treated appropriately and survived. Low infusion pressures should be used for irrigation during lithotripsy and 0.9% saline instead of 1.5% glycine. In patients given a general anaesthetic any rise in inflation pressure suggests extravasation of fluid and warrants emergency estimation of the plasma sodium concentration.
The Impact of T2/FLAIR Evaluation per RANO Criteria on Response Assessment of Recurrent Glioblastoma Patients Treated with Bevacizumab
Authors: Raymond Y. Huang, Rifaquat Rahman, Karla V. Ballman, Sara J. Felten, S. Keith Anderson, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Lakshmi Nayak, Eudocia Q. Lee, Lauren E. Abrey, Evanthia Galanis, David A. Reardon, Whitney B. Pope, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Patrick Y. Wen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: The RANO criteria have not been assessed using outcome data from prospective trials. We examined the radiologic data of patients with recurrent glioblastoma from the randomized phase II trial (AVF3708g) to determine the effect of including T2/FLAIR evaluation as per RANO criteria on measurements of objective response rates (ORRs) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with assessment based on contrast enhancement (Macdonald criteria). Experimental Design: The ORRs and median PFS were determined using the RANO criteria and compared with those obtained using the Macdonald criteria. Landmark analyses were performed at 2, 4, and 6 months, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the associations between OR and progression with subsequent survival. Results: The ORRs were 0.331 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.260–0.409] and 0.393 (95% CI, 0.317–0.472) by RANO and Macdonald criteria, respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The median PFS was 4.6 months (95% CI, 4.1–5.5) using RANO criteria, compared with 6.4 months (95% CI, 5.5–7.1) as determined by Macdonald criteria (P = 0.01). At 2-, 4-, and 6-month landmarks, both OR status and PFS determined by either RANO or Macdonald criteria were predictive of overall survival [OS; hazard ratios for 4-month landmark (OR HR = 1.93, P = 0.0012; PFS HR, 4.23, P &amp;lt; 0.0001)]. Conclusions: The inclusion of T2/FLAIR assessment resulted in statistically significant differences in median PFS and ORRs compared with assessment of solely enhancing tumor (Macdonald criteria), although OR and PFS determined by both RANO and Macdonald criteria correlated with OS. Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 575–81. ©2015 AACR.
Targeting basic strength: resistance training versus combined aerobic and resistance training?
Authors: Brandon S Shaw
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Resistance and aerobic training are often performed concurrently in most exercise programmes in an attempt to get gains in more than one physiological system. This is done even though it is believed that combined resistance and aerobic training may impede the strength gains achieved by resistance training alone. However, this belief is not supported by unequivocal evidence and little is known about the effect of this mode of training on initial strength development or strength development for performance or health. It has been proposed that by simultaneously performing these two modes of exercise training, the strength gains achieved by resistance training alone may be impaired. Research has alluded to a possible optimal resistance training dose to optimise muscular strength development in certain populations and it seems that training status influences the requisite dose and potential magnitude of strength development. Thus, it is important to establish the effect of resistance training versus combined resistance and aerobic training on muscular strength in specific populations using specific exercise doses. This may be so since those individuals seeking muscular strength development for basic strength or general health may need a much lower resistance-training dosage and lower training doses may limit or negate the interference effect. Unequivocal research makes it difficult to support the general concept of the interference effect as it seems to hold true in specific situations only and only when optimal strength development is required.
A STUDY OF THE THERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DERMAL PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION IN RABBITS
Authors: Albert B. Sabin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

1. Antipneumococcic serum contains in addition to the antibodies against the various bacterial constituents, a non-antibacterial therapeutic factor. 2. The non-antibacterial factor has been separated from the antibacterial antibodies by absorption with homologous, heat-killed, virulent pneumococci. 3. The non-antibacterial factor is not type-specific; it is probably species-specific; it is not neutralized by concentrated pneumococcus broth culture filtrate. 4. The therapeutic effect of the non-antibacterial factor was demonstrated on the experimental, dermal pneumococcus infection of rabbits; this effect is demonstrable when it is administered per seor in conjunction with a certain subeffective dose of serum. 5. Evidence is presented for the assumption that the ultimate outcome of pneumococcus infection depends to a considerable extent upon this non-antibacterial factor.
Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Nephropathy Show Structural—Functional Relationships that Are Similar to Type 1 Disease
Authors: KATHRYN ELIZABETH WHITE, RUDOLF WILLIAM BILOUS
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Abstract. Glomerular structural—functional relationships were investigated in 21 type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria. Structural parameters were quantified using both light and electron microscopy and standard stereologic techniques. Data were also available on 14 nondiabetic subjects. Mesangial and matrix volume fractions and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width were increased in type 2 patients when compared with nondiabetic subjects (mean ± SD: 0.45 ± 0.13 versus 0.18 ± 0.03, P &lt; 0.001; 0.28 ± 0.09 versus 0.10 ± 0.02, P &lt; 0.001; and 665 ± 138 versus 361 ± 51 nm, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). An increase in mesangial volume fraction was associated with high levels of proteinuria and low creatinine clearance ( r = 0.64, P = 0.002; r = -0.58, P = 0.006, respectively). GBM width and mesangial foot process width (FPW mes ) also correlated with proteinuria ( r = 0.58, P = 0.006; r = 0.60, P = 0.004, respectively). Volume fraction of interstitium correlated with creatinine clearance ( r = -0.58, P = 0.006). Patients had previously been defined by light microscopy as having either diffuse or nodular glomerulosclerosis; those with nodules had larger mesangial and matrix volume fractions and more proteinuria than those classified as diffuse (mean ± SD: 0.51 ± 0.12 versus 0.36 ± 0.08, P = 0.007; 0.32 ± 0.08 versus 0.21 ± 0.05, P = 0.003; median, range: 4.3, 1.1 to 9.6 versus 1.1, 0.9 to 12.7 g/24 h, P = 0.027). Creatinine clearance did not differ significantly between the groups. Type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria have established glomerulopathy, which is more advanced in those with nodular glomerulosclerosis. Creatinine clearance correlated with both mesangial and interstitial expansion, whereas proteinuria correlated only with glomerular pathology. These results suggest that type 2 patients with advanced nephropathy have structural—functional relationships similar to type 1, consistent with a common pathogenesis, and strongly support an important role of the tubulointerstitium in the role of renal impairment.
RhoGDI2 Expression Is Associated with Tumor Growth and Malignant Progression of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Hee Jun Cho, Kyoung Eun Baek, Sun-Mi Park, In-Kyu Kim, Yeong-Lim Choi, Hye-Jung Cho, In-Koo Nam, Eun Mi Hwang, Jae-Yong Park, Jae Yoon Han, Sang Soo Kang, Dong Chul Kim, Won Sup Lee, Mi-Ni Lee, Goo Taeg Oh, Jae Won Kim, Chang Won Lee, Jiyun Yoo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) has been identified as a regulator of Rho family GTPase. However, there is currently no direct evidence suggesting whether RhoGDI2 activates or inhibits Rho family GTPase in vivo (and which type), and the role of RhoGDI2 in tumor remains controversial. Here, we assessed the effects of RhoGDI2 expression on gastric tumor growth and metastasis progression. Experimental Design: Proteomic analysis was done to investigate the tumor-specific protein expression in gastric cancer and RhoGDI2 was selected for further study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect RhoGDI2 expression in clinical samples of primary gastric tumor tissues which have different pathologic stages. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were done to examine the malignant phenotypes of the RhoGDI2-expressing or RhoGDI2-depleting cells. Results: RhoGDI2 expression was correlated positively with tumor progression and metastasis potential in human gastric tumor tissues, as well as cell lines. The forced expression of RhoGDI2 caused a significant increase in gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro, and tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in vivo, whereas RhoGDI2 depletion evidenced opposite effects. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that RhoGDI2 is involved in gastric tumor growth and metastasis, and that RhoGDI2 may be a useful marker for tumor progression of human gastric cancer.
Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yutaka Kiyohara, Michiaki Kubo, Yumihiro Tanizaki, Yasufumi Doi, Ken Okubo, Yoshiyuki Wakugawa, Jun Hata, Yoshinori Oishi, Kentaro Shikata, Koji Yonemoto, Hideki Hirakata, Mitsuo Iida
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Suppression of <scp>B</scp>‐cell activation and <scp>I</scp>g<scp>E</scp>,<scp> I</scp>g<scp>A</scp>,<scp> I</scp>g<scp>G</scp>1 and <scp>I</scp>g<scp>G</scp>4 production by mammalian telomeric oligonucleotides
Authors: C. Sackesen, W. van de Veen, M. Akdis, O. Soyer, J. Zumkehr, B. Ruckert, B. Stanic, O. Kalaycı, S. S. Alkan, I. Gursel, C. A. Akdis
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background The fine balance of immunoglobulins ( I g) E , I g G 1, I g G 4 and I g A in healthy production is maintained by the interaction of B cells with adaptive and innate immune response. The regulation of toll‐like receptors ( TLR s)‐driven innate and adaptive immune effector B ‐cell response and the role of mammalian telomeric TTAGGG repeat elements represent an important research area. Methods Human PBMC and purified naive and memory B cells were stimulated with specific ligands for TLR 2, TLR 3, TLR 4, TLR 5, TLR 7, TLR 8 and TLR 9 in the presence or absence of telomeric oligonucleotides. B ‐cell proliferation, differentiation and antibody production were determined. Results TLR 9 ligand directly activates naive and memory B cells, whereas TLR 7 can stimulate them in the presence of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Human B cells proliferate and turn into antibody‐secreting cells in response to TLR 3, TLR 7 and TLR 9, but not to TLR 2, TLR 4, TLR 5 and TLR 8 ligands. Stimulation of B cells with intracellular TLR 3, TLR 7 and TLR 9 induced an activation cascade leading to memory B ‐cell generation and particularly I g G 1, but also I g A , I g G 4 and very low levels of I g E production. Mammalian telomeric oligodeoxynucleotide ( ODN ) significantly inhibited all features of TLR ligand‐induced events in B cells including B ‐cell proliferation, I g E , I g G 1, I g G 4, I g A production, class switch recombination, plasma cell differentiation induced by TLR 3, TLR 7 and TLR 9 ligands. Conclusion B cells require specific TLR stimulation, T ‐cell and plasmacytoid dendritic cell help for distinct activation and Ig production profiles. Host‐derived telomeric ODN suppress B ‐cell activation and antibody production demonstrating a natural mechanism for the control of overexuberant B ‐cell activation, antibody production and generation of memory.
Early and Intermediate Outcomes After Repair of Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular Septal Defect and Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries
Authors: V. Mohan Reddy, Doff B. McElhinney, Zahid Amin, Phillip Moore, Andrew J. Parry, David F. Teitel, Frank L. Hanley
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and major aortopulmonary collaterals (MAPCAs) is a complex lesion with marked heterogeneity of pulmonary blood supply. Traditional management has involved staged unifocalization of pulmonary blood supply. Our approach has been to perform early 1-stage complete unifocalization in almost all patients.Since 1992, 85 patients with pulmonary atresia, VSD, and MAPCAs have undergone unifocalization (median age, 7 months). Complete 1-stage unifocalization and intracardiac repair were performed through a midline approach in 56 patients, whereas 23 underwent unifocalization in a single stage with the VSD left open, and 6 underwent staged unifocalization through sequential thoracotomies. There were 9 early deaths. During follow-up (1 to 69 months), there were 7 late deaths. Actuarial survival was 80% at 3 years. Among early survivors, actuarial survival with complete repair was 88% at 2 years. Reintervention on the neo-pulmonary arteries was performed in 24 patients.Early 1-stage complete unifocalization can be performed in >90% of patients with pulmonary atresia and MAPCAs, even those with absent true pulmonary arteries, and yields good functional results. Complete repair during the same operation is achieved in two thirds of patients. There remains room for improvement; actuarial survival 3 years after surgery is 80%, and there is a significant rate of reintervention. These results must be appreciated within the context of the natural history of this lesion: 65% of patients survive to 1 year of age and slightly >50% survive to 2 years even with surgical intervention.
GS-Aligner: A Novel Tool for Aligning Genomic Sequences Using Bit-Level Operations
Authors: A. C.-C. Shih
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

A novel algorithm, GS-Aligner, that uses bit-level operations was developed for aligning genomic sequences. GS-Aligner is efficient in terms of both time and space for aligning two very long genomic sequences and for identifying genomic rearrangements such as translocations and inversions. It is suitable for aligning fairly divergent sequences such as human and mouse genomic sequences. It consists of several efficient components: bit-level coding, search for matching segments between the two sequences as alignment anchors, longest increasing subsequence (LIS), and optimal local alignment. Efforts have been made to reduce the execution time of the program to make it truly practical for aligning very long sequences. Empirical tests suggest that for relatively divergent sequences such as sequences from different mammalian orders or from a mammal and a nonmammalian vertebrate GS-Aligner performs better than existing methods. The program and data can be downloaded from http://pondside.uchicago.edu/~lilab/ and http://webcollab.iis.sinica.edu.tw/~biocom.
Childhood predictors of self reported chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis in adults: national birth cohort study
Authors: Russell Viner, Matthew Hotopf
Journal: BMJ (2004)

To study childhood risk factors for chronic fatigue syndrome in adult life.Examination of data from the 1970 British birth cohort.16,567 babies born 5-11 April 1970, followed up at 5, 10, 16, and 29-30 years.Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) identified by self report at age 30 years. Data from childhood from questionnaires given to parents and teachers. Maternal mental health assessed with the malaise inventory.93 (0.8%, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.0) of 11 261 participants reported ever having CFS/ME, and 48 (0.4%, 0.3 to 0.6) had the condition currently. Higher risk of CFS/ME was associated with having a limiting longstanding condition in childhood (odds ratio 2.3, 1.4 to 3.9), female sex (2.3, 1.4 to 2.6), and high social class in childhood (2.2, 1.4 to 3.5). Higher levels of exercise in childhood were associated with lower risk (0.5, 0.2 to 0.9). Maternal psychological disorder, psychological problems in childhood, birth weight, birth order, atopy, obesity, school absence, academic ability, and parental illness were not associated with risk of CFS/ME.We identified no association between maternal or child psychological distress, academic ability, parental illness, atopy, or birth order and increasing risk of lifetime CFS/ME. Sedentary behaviour increased the risk.
Still Awaiting That Waiting Be a Validated Affordable Option in Rectal Cancer? Our Watch and Wait Approach Experience in Co-Recto
Authors: Iseas Soledad, Carballido Marcela, Coraglio Mariana, Leiro Fabio, Dieguez Adriana, Eleta Martin, Mendez Guillermo, Aguilo Ariel, Barugel Mario, Roca Enrique
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
“Diabetic Mastopathy,” or Sclerosing Lymphocytic Lobulitis, Is Strongly Associated With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Yogish C. Kudva, Carol Reynolds, Timothy O’Brien, Claudia Powell, Ann L. Oberg, Thomas B. Crotty
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

To demonstrate the strong association of diabetic mastopathy or sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis with type 1 diabetes mellitus by studying appropriate control groups and to describe risk factors and natural history of the disorder.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of four groups of patients conducted at a setting tertiary care medical center. We examined benign breast biopsies (investigator masked to identity) from age-matched patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, or none of the above disorders for sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis. Several risk factors proposed for the disorder (age at diagnosis of benign breast disease, duration of diabetes, age at onset of diabetes, prevalence of retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and cheiroarthropathy, glycemic control, parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, or number of breast biopsies) were evaluated, and patients were contacted to describe the natural history of the disorder.Sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis was identified in 69.7% of the subjects with type 1 diabetes and 1.8% of those with autoimmune thyroid disease diagnosed with benign breast disease at surgery. It did not occur in patients with type 2 diabetes with or without insulin treatment or in control subjects. Only retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy were associated with sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis. Breast carcinoma or lymphoma did not occur subsequently in any type 1 diabetes patient with or without sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis.Sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis is strongly associated with type 1 diabetes. Retinopathy and neuropathy are associated with the disorder. The risk of malignancy is not increased.