tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMPETIGO HERPETIFORMIS IN TWO SUCCESSIVE PREGNANCIES.
Authors: G. W. Beveridge, R. A. Harknebs, J. R. B. Livingstone
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article IMPETIGO HERPETIFORMIS IN TWO SUCCESSIVE PREGNANCIES. Get access G. W. BEVERIDGE, M.B., M.R.C.P.E., G. W. BEVERIDGE, M.B., M.R.C.P.E. Formerly Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. A. HARKNEBS, M.B., Ph.D., M.R.C.P.E., R. A. HARKNEBS, M.B., Ph.D., M.R.C.P.E. Clinical Endocrinology Research Unit, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. R. B. LIVINGSTONE, M.R.C.O.G., F.R.C.S.E. J. R. B. LIVINGSTONE, M.R.C.O.G., F.R.C.S.E. Registrar, Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 2, 1 February 1966, Pages 106–112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12183.x Published: 01 February 1966
Life Saving Fist Punches
Authors: Abdullah Fatteh
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is the purpose of this communication to note two significant therapeutic uses of fist punches. Wild and Grover<sup>1</sup>recently described the use of the fist as external cardiac pacemaker. They reported that in three patients with ventricular asystole the heart responded to chest pounding, in one case for more than 40 minutes. Each blow on the chest was followed by ventricular depolarization and systole. The authors suggest that this method may be tried as an immediate treatment for asystole in the hospitals and indicate that outside the hospitals it worked better than cardiac massage as first-aid for cardiac arrest. Death at the dinner table from choking on food, following a sudden onset of cyanosis, and weak, spasmodic breathing in a healthy person is commonly misdiagnosed as "café coronary." I have reported two cases to point out the importance of correct diagnosis of choking and its
O18 RANDOMIZED STUDY OF ENDOSCOPIC BAND LIGATION AND ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION IN THE TREATMENT OF GASTRIC ANTRAL AND FUNDAL VASCULAR ECTASIA
Authors: M. Elhendawy, S. Mosaad, W. Elkhalawany, M. Enaba, L. Abo-Ali, A.A. Elfert
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Mechanism by which the prone position improves oxygenation in acute lung injury.
Authors: W J Lamm, M M Graham, R K Albert
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The mechanism by which oxygenation improves when patients with ARDS are turned from supine to prone position is not known. From results of our previous studies we reasoned that (1) when supine, in the setting of lung injury, transpulmonary pressure will be less than airway opening pressure and (2) atelectasis will develop preferentially in dorsal lung areas, and (3) both ventilation and ventilation/perfusion ratios would improve in these regions on turning prone. To study this directly, we measured regional ventilation and perfusion using 81mKr and 99mTc-MAA, respectively, and single photon emission computed tomography, both prone and supine, in four control animals and four given oleic acid. After oleic acid, the prone position improved (1) oxygenation (mean +/- SD PaO2 = 140 +/- 112 versus 453 +/- 54 mm Hg), (2) median ventilation/perfusion ratios (0.77 versus 0.95), (3) ventilation/perfusion heterogeneity (coefficient of variation 86 +/- 15 versus 61 +/- 6), and (4) the gravitational ventilation/perfusion gradient (dependent to non-dependent slopes of 0.22 versus -0.02, all p < 0.05). The prone position generates a transpulmonary pressure sufficient to exceed airway opening pressure in dorsal lung regions, i.e., in regions where atelectasis, shunt, and ventilation/perfusion heterogeneity are most severe, without adversely affecting ventral lung regions.
Optimizing the use of CROs by academia and small companies
Authors: Rachel F. Lane, Lauren G. Friedman, Curtis Keith, Steven P. Braithwaite, Julie A. Frearson, David A. Lowe, Frank M. Longo, Lorenzo M. Refolo, D. Martin Watterson, Katya Tsaioun, Diana W. Shineman, Howard M. Fillit
Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (2013)
THE EARLIEST RECOGNITION OF APPENDICITIS—AGAIN
Authors: Leonard L. Mackall
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Apparently Dr. R. D. Rudolf of Toronto was the first to call attention to the interesting fact that Lorenz Heister seems to have been the first to describe a case of typical appendicitis, namely, in his account of a postmortem performed by him publicly at Altdorf in November, 1711. Dr. Rudolf's paper (<i>Canad. M. A. J</i>., May, 1913) reprints in full this curious "Observation CX" from what he says is "a translation by a Dr. Daniel Cox, of London, under date of 1755, and the book is entitled 'Heister's Cases in Surgery.'" Dr. Rudolf gives the title in this form because the title-page and following leaves were lacking in his copy (which he kindly lent to Sir William Osler, who showed it to me when I showed him the original). In fact, the English title-page reads: Medical, Chirurgical, and Anatomical Cases and Observations. By Laurence Heister, M.D.,
DEATH FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF THYMOL
Authors: MILFORD E. BARNES
Journal: JAMA (1922)

For many years thymol has had a deserved repute as a relatively safe and efficient anthelmintic drug. In the numerous campaigns conducted for the relief and control of hookworm infestation it has been extensively, and in some campaigns exclusively, employed. The number of doses administered in these campaigns, as reported, probably surpasses one and a half million. In the limited literature available' to me for reference, I can find reports of less than twenty fatalities. No doubt fatalities occur which are not reported, but the total number must be exceedingly small. During experience in antihookworm work in Ceylon, Java and Siam and covering a period of six years, I myself have known of only three deaths which were even remotely connected with the administration of thymol. One of these fatal cases occurred in Ceylon, when a planter forgot instructions and administered a liberal dose of brandy to a coolie who
Survival Outcome Assessed According to Tumor Response and Shrinkage Pattern in Patients with EGFR Mutation–Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Gefitinib or Erlotinib
Authors: Masayuki Takeda, Isamu Okamoto, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Somatic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) are associated with a marked therapeutic response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical indicators of the likely survival benefit of EGFR-TKI treatment in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations have not been identified, however. We therefore evaluated progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to tumor response and tumor shrinkage pattern in such patients.Among 145 EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs, 68 individuals were selected for analysis.Of the 68 selected patients, 6 achieved a complete response (CR), 42 a partial response (PR), and 14 stable disease (SD). Both PFS and OS were significantly longer in patients who achieved a CR or PR than in those who experienced SD. Multivariate analysis showed that a response (CR or PR) to EGFR-TKIs was significantly associated with both PFS and OS. Among the CR/PR group, the median maximal tumor shrinkage relative to baseline was 56%, and the median time to response (TTR) was 4.2 weeks. The subsets of these patients who experienced rapid tumor regression (TTR of ≤4.2 weeks) or a high degree of tumor shrinkage (≥56%) did not show a more favorable PFS or OS compared with those who experienced slow tumor regression or a low degree of tumor shrinkage.Response (CR or PR) may represent the optimal surrogate for efficacy among EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs.
Low Level of Optimism Predicts Initiation of Psychotherapy for Depression: Results from the Finnish Public Sector Study
Authors: Hasse Karlsson, Kim Kronström, Hermann Nabi, Tuula Oksanen, Paula Salo, Marianna Virtanen, Sakari Suominen, Mika Kivimäki, Jussi Vahtera
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2011)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The patient’s personality may be one of the many factors that contribute to the decision to initiate a certain treatment for depression. The aim of this study was to examine whether dispositional optimism and pessimism play a role in the initiation of psychotherapy as the treatment for new-onset depression in previously nondepressed public sector employees. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; This prospective observational cohort study included 38,717 (mean age: 45 years; 76% female) public sector employees who responded to a survey in 1997, 2000–2001 and/or 2004 and had no history of depression at cohort entry. Dispositional optimism and pessimism were assessed via the revised Life Orientation Test and linked to individual records of indicators of depression onset in comprehensive national health registers, and of long-term psychotherapy for depression in particular. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; During a mean follow-up of 4.0 years, 1,616 (4%) incident cases of depression were observed. Of them, 79 started long-term, state-subsidized psychotherapy for depression. A 1-unit increase in mean optimism score was associated with a 38% lower likelihood of initiating psychotherapy as a treatment for depression and a 32% lower likelihood of depressive disorder in general during follow-up. Pessimism score was not associated with initiation of psychotherapy for depression, but a 1-unit increase in pessimism score was associated with a 28% increase in the likelihood of depressive disorder. These findings were robust to adjustments for demographics, health risk behaviors and somatic diseases at baseline. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; This study suggests that although both low optimism and high pessimism increase the risk for depression, only low optimism influences the initiation of psychotherapy as a treatment modality for depression. This could imply that depressed patients with low optimism should receive more attention in the beginning of the depressive episode than patients with high optimism.
Abstract LB-104: Gadolinium-based nanoparticles sensitize head and neck carcinoma stem and nonstem cells to low and high LET radiation.
Authors: Marie-Thérèse Aloy, Imen Miladi, Emma Armandy, Claire Billotey, Olivier Tillement, François Lux, Pascal Perriat, Marc Janier, Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive and recurrent malignancy owing to intrinsic radioresistance and lack of induction of apoptosis. Several strategies aiming at radiosensitizing these tumors are currently being developed, one of these relying on the use of nanoparticles including high Z elements such as gadolinium (Z=64). Once delivered to the tumor, gadolinium-based nanoparticles (GBNs) should amplify the efficacy of radiotherapy through the generation of electron Auger cascades and secondary electrons. This study aims at demonstrating the in vitro and in vivo radiosensitizing effect of sub-5 nm GBNs (composed of a core of gadolinium oxide, a shell of polysiloxane, and functionalized by diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid) in a SQ20B radioresistant HNSCC model. Owing to the crucial role of cancer stem cells in tumor initiation, disease recurrence and radioresistance, the radiosensitizing effect of GBNs was also tested in SQ20B stem-like cells. The association of 0,6 mM GBNs with a photon or a 33.6 keV/µm carbon ion irradiation decrease significantly SQ20B cell survival. Radiosensitization goes through the increase in non-reparable DNA double-strand breaks, the shortening of G2/M phase blockage, the inhibition of cell proliferation, each contributing to the commitment into apoptosis. The combined treatment of GBNs with irradiation can also overcome the resistance of SQ20B stem-like cells. Using an SQ20B tumor-bearing mouse model, we also demonstrate that GBNs in conjunction with photon irradiation significantly retard tumor growth compared with the radiation alone, with complete remission in some mice. Significantly, an increase in apoptosis and decrease in cell proliferation are also detected inside tumors in the combined treatment group. These results suggest the interesting potential of GBNs in sensitizing resistant HNSCC tumors to radiotherapy and their possible contribution towards overcoming limitations of current cancer treatment. This project was conducted under the framework of LANTHARAD (PDC019 CLARA 2010), PRRH-ETOILE and LABEX PRIMES (2012) Citation Format: Marie-Thérèse Aloy, Imen Miladi, Emma Armandy, Claire Billotey, Olivier Tillement, François Lux, Pascal Perriat, Marc Janier, Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse. Gadolinium-based nanoparticles sensitize head and neck carcinoma stem and nonstem cells to low and high LET radiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-104. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-104
Nulla est alia pro certo noscendi via, nisi quam plurimas et morborum et disseetionum historias, tam aliorum proprias, collectas habere et inter se comparare.—MORGAGNI. De Sed. et Caus. Morb. lib. 14. Proœmium. ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL.
Authors: None Lloyd
Journal: The Lancet (1855)
Tc-99m Sestamibi Uptake Mimicking Parathyroid Adenoma in a Patient With Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Occult Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Fahmid U. Chowdhury, Andrew F. Scarsbrook
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

An 87-year-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent Tc-99m sestamibi (MIBI) scintigraphy. Planar imaging demonstrated focal tracer uptake in the mediastinum and adjacent to the inferior pole of the right lobe of the thyroid gland. SPECT-CT acquisition accurately localized the abnormalities to the sternum and T2 vertebral body. This prompted further investigation that confirmed a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This case demonstrates how hybrid imaging with SPECT-CT increases diagnostic confidence and specificity and can avoid potential false positive results in Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy. It also serves as a timely reminder of the recognized but infrequent association of primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple myeloma.
Configuration of Elastic Tissue of Pulmonary Trunk in Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: DONALD HEATH, JESSE E. EDWARDS
Journal: Circulation (1960)

A study was made of the configuration of the elastic tissue of the pulmonary trunk in 6 cases of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. The ages of the patients ranged from 12 to 54 years. The pattern was that of the adult pulmonary type in the 5 female patients, whereas it more closely resembled the fetal, aorta-like type in the single male patient. These data are interpreted as indicating that idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is acquired in most cases but that it may be present from birth in a minority of instances.
Synovial fluid in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: M J Kendall, M Farr, M J Meynell, C F Hawkins
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory arthropathy which affects predominantly the sacroiliac joints and the spine.Other joints may be involved in up to 25 per cent or more cases (Kinsella, Mac- Donald, and Johnson, 1966), but in most of these it is the hips or shoulders which are affected.Spread of the disease to involve the knees and the more peripheral joints occurs much less frequently; therefore data on the synovial fluid are difficult to obtain.The composition of the synovial fluid is of some interest since little is known about the aetiology of ankylosing spondylitis.Early histological changes may resemble those of rheumatoid disease (Cruickshank, 1951), but the clinical picture, age and sex of patient, prognosis, treatment, and marked tendency to bony ankylosis are all different in ankylosing spondylitis.Further, in rheumatoid disease, the presence of raised immunoglobulins and autoanti- bodies in the blood (Torrigiani and Roitt, 1967; Panush, Bianco, and Schur, 1971; Claman and Merrill, 1966), their presence in synovial membrane (Fish, Michael, Gewurz, and Good, 1966), the association with other autoimmune disorders, and the response to steroids all suggest that immune mechanisms play an important part in the pathogenesis.These are not features of ankylosing spondylitis, nor are the presence of nodules, lymphadenopathy, or splenomegaly.The stimulus provoking the immune response in rheumatoid disease is not yet known and there is a definite possibility that it is some kind of infective agent (Walton, 1968).The cause of ankylosing spondylitis is also unknown, though some cases are associated with urogenital infections or inflammatory bowel diseases (Mason, 1964).Synovial fluid in rheumatoid disease contains high levels of IgG and IgM (Panush and others, 1971) and an increased cell count, mostly poly- morphs, some ofwhich have phagocytosed complexes of rheumatoid factor and IgG (Parker and Schmid, 1962; Williamson and Ling, 1965; Rawson, Abelson, and Hollander, 1965).Rheumatoid synovial fluid also contains high levels of 5-nucleotidase (Farr, Kendall, Shuttleworth, Meynell, and Hawkins, 1973) and lysosomal enzymes (Caygill and Pitkeathly, METHODSWe assessed all patients clinically, haematologically, biochemically, and performed serum Waaler-Rose, latex slide test, and immunoglobulin estimations.We examined the synovial fluid, and determined total and differential white cell counts (Jenner-Giemsa stain), red cell counts, and estimation of IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgD levels (Mancini, Carbonara, and Heremans, 1965) and the Waaler-Rose titre (Greenbury, 1957).The 5-nucleo- tidase was measured by the method of Persijn, van der Slik, Kramer, and de Ruijter (1968) and modified by the inclusion of a blank to measure residual adenosine in adenosine monophosphate.In addition we estimated acid phosphatase (Gutman and Gutman, 1940) and glucose by autoanalysis, using neocuproin.
REPORT OF RECOVERY FROM TRAUMATIC TETANUS.
Authors: L. B. VAN CAMP
Journal: JAMA (1900)

As the percentage of recoveries from tetanus is exceedingly small, a report of the treatment and successful recovery of a patient, afflicted with a most severe siege of the disease, may be of interest. On Sept. 9, 1899, a German farmer boy, aged 15 years, was brought to the Douglas County Hospital, exhibiting most severe symptoms of lockjaw. His history, as given by him, was as follows: Three weeks previously, while working on a farm, he had received a cut with a corn-knife, between the first and second toes of the right foot. He complained of nothing for ten days after the injury. At noon on the eleventh day, while at the dinner table, he found that he could not completely close his lower jaw. His condition grew worse and, on the fifteenth day after the injury, he was seized by a severe chill followed by a violent contraction of
SECONDARY CLOSURE OF TUBERCULOUS NEPHRECTOMY WOUNDS
Authors: CHARLES Y. BIDGOOD
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The secondary suture of wounds assumed great prominence during the war, and in the literature between 1914 and 1919, one finds many articles devoted to this subject. In civil practice this procedure is rarely necessary, as most surgical wounds are closed by primary suture, and in infected wounds, drainage is so instituted that secondary suture is seldom necessary. One exception to this, however, is in those cases of tuberculous nephrectomy wounds which break down completely in spite of every preventive precaution. That this not an uncommon complication is shown by the fact that in eighty-nine cases of nephrectomy for renal tuberculosis studied in this series, in sixteen cases there was complete dissolution of the wound following operation. The first consideration of interest is the underlying cause of the failure to heal, and to this end these cases have been analyzed and compared with the cases in which the wound healed
Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease: Principles and Practice
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Based on material presented at the First International Conference on Preventive Cardiology (1964), this book deals with pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, preventive, and educational aspects of hypoxic heart disease. Avoiding atherosclerosis, it stresses nonvascular, humoral, and neurogenic etiologic factors, which increase myocardial vulnerability to vagaries of blood supply. Emphasis is placed on catecholamines, which damage the myocardium by interfering with oxygen consumption. Their stimulation by nicotine and emotional stress and their inhibition by muscular activity account for the former's adverse effects and the latter's benefits. Support for this concept derives from experimental studies and from epidemiologic surveys which highlight the rarity of myocardial hypoxia in hard-working, nonsmoking, stress-free population groups, and its frequency in their hard-driving, tense, physically inactive opposites. Emphasizing organized physical training programs for prevention and rehabilitation in ischemic heart disease, the book urges their wide adoption. It calls upon health institutions, medical colleges, and physicians to teach the value
Abstract 2546: AXL targeted therapy blocks tumor progression and prevents tumor metastasis in pancreatic cancer
Authors: N.V. Rajeshkumar, Collins Karikari, Elizabeth DeOliveira, Roeland F. de Wilde, Sacha J. Holland, Donald G. Payan, Anirban Maitra
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Metastasis and drug resistance are the major causes of mortality in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Once developed, the progression of PDA metastasis is virtually unstoppable with current therapies. Accumulating evidence suggests important roles for the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and patient mortality. Given the critical influence of metastasis on the clinical history of PDA, we hypothesize that pharmacological inhibition of AXL might inhibit tumor growth and prevent PDA metastasis. Methods: We investigated the AXL expression in a panel of human pancreatic cancer xenografts using Affymetrix gene array as well as qRT-PCR. We conducted a comprehensive preclinical trial to determine whether AXL targeted monotherapy, and in combination with gemcitabine, was effective in blocking PDA tumor progression and metastasis using subcutaneous as well as orthotopic pancreatic cancer models. Results: R428, a potent selective small molecule inhibitor of AXL, inhibited proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. A combination of R428 with gemcitabine could significantly inhibit primary tumor growth compared to gemcitabine treated mice. Notably, R428 alone and in combination with gemcitabine was remarkably effective in preventing the development of metastasis to organs and lymph nodes as compared to gemcitabine treatment in a highly aggressive orthotopic model. Conclusions: The data presented here provide strong evidence for the therapeutic development of AXL inhibitors as anti-metastatic agents in pancreatic cancer. A combination treatment of R428 and gemcitabine was highly effective in controlling the primary tumor growth and preventing metastatic spread. The novel therapeutic approach tested here has potential therapeutic implications for improving the current standard of care for PDA patients and to contribute towards making PDA a more manageable disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2546. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2546