tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Foreign Concept
Authors: Ranjana Srivastava
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

On Being a Doctor15 June 2004A Foreign ConceptRanjana Srivastava, MBBSRanjana Srivastava, MBBSFrom Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne 3168, Australia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The soft purr of the bedside telephone changes its cadence precipitously, and the shrill noise throws me out of my dream. Shaken out of a deep and tired sleep, I leap for the receiver.“I am sorry, but there is an asthmatic girl who looks as if she will arrest. I have tried …”I slam the phone down; the other hand hastily scoops up my stethoscope, identification, and pen; and I sprint to the emergency department, racing to beat the dire tones of the code siren that will resonate through the building at any moment.I almost fall inside ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne 3168, Australia.Disclosures: None disclosed.Corresponding Author: Ranjana Srivastava, MBBS, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Victoria, Australia; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoResident Redux Abraham Verghese Metrics Cited byComing on Board: The Assessment of Overseas Trained Psychiatrists by the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of PsychiatristsResident ReduxAbraham Verghese, MD, MFA, DSc (Hon) 15 June 2004Volume 140, Issue 12Page: 1057-1058KeywordsAdolescentsFearHand strengthMarijuanaNeurosurgeryPharynxSleepStormsStrokeVenoms ePublished: 15 June 2004 Issue Published: 15 June 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
EU tries to protect developing countries from high drug costs
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The European Union has launched an initiative to ensure that developing countries battling health crises such as AIDS, but with no domestic pharmaceutical production of their own, have access to essential, low cost drugs from abroad.

The EU has presented proposals to ease the World Trade Organization's patent protection rules—an issue that remained unresolved when WTO negotiators agreed their declaration on the trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights and public health in Doha, in Qatar, last November.

Although a deal was struck allowing countries to produce patented drugs under compulsory licence in a public health emergency, effectively ensuring they …
Effects of 2′‐deoxycoformycin on hl‐60 cell differentiation, adenosine deaminase, and oligoadenylate synthetase
Authors: Pierre L. Triozzi, Frederick Vicstein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract There is evidence that 2′‐deoxycoformycin (DCF) functions as a differentiating agent. We examined the effects of DCF on the differentiation of HL‐60 cells, a standard model of leukemic cell differentiation. DCF did not induce morphologic or histochemical evidence of differentiation, nor did it interact with retinoic acid, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , or interferon‐gamma in inducing differentiation. Furthermore, DCF and agents that differentiated HL‐60 cells had opposing effects on adenosine deaminase and 2′, 5′‐oligoadenylate synthetase activity.
US milk cannot be labelled hormone free, says FDA
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

American milk cannot be labelled “natural” and free of hormones ruled the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) last week. The administration argued that no one could be sure that a cow had never been given hormones to increase its milk production.

* US cows: what they produced cannot be labelled “natural”

(Fig Omitted)

Americans drink 309 litres of milk a year per person, but farmers still …
Electrocardiographic "Peri-Infarction Block"
Authors: C. HILMON CASTLE, WILLIAM M. KEANE
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Detailed analysis for the presence and type of heart disease was made in 96 deceased patients who had electrocardiographic "peri-infarction block." Evidence for disease of the left ventricle was found in 80 per cent of these patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy and diffuse scarring of the left ventricle were the most common abnormalities on pathologic examination. Definite myocardial infarction was found in only 12 of the 55 patients (22 per cent) subjected to postmortem examination. Electrocardiographic "peri-infarction block" was therefore not specific for myocardial infarction although it was often associated with it. Use of the term should be restricted to left intraventricular conduction defect of the "peri-infarction block type." In spite of the nonspecificity of this type of intraventricular conduction defect, it can be a useful clinical sign. If chronic obstructive airway disease and emphysema can be excluded, the presence of some type of left ventricular disease is almost assured.
Multiple Brown Tumors in Unsuspected Primary Hyperparathyroidism Mimicking Metastatic Disease on Radiograph and Bone Scan
Authors: J. M. JOYCE, R. J. IDEA, S. J. GROSSMAN, R. G. LISS, J. B. LYONS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 33-year-old woman with left knee pain and a very destructive lesion in the proximal tibia by radiograph was referred for radionuclide bone scanning. Multiple “hot spots” were seen throughout the skeleton on the Tc-99m HDP scan and the possibility of widespread malignancy was considered. Biopsy of the tibial lesion revealed a lesion with multiple giant cells compatible with a brown tumor. Serum calcium and parathormone levels revealed a hyperparathyroid state. Thyroid and thallium scans demonstrated normal technetium uptake in the thyrold gland and a focus of thallium uptake in the inferior aspect of the right lobe compatible with a parathyroid adenoma. Multiple other foci of thallium uptake were identified throughout the body corresponding to the lesions on the bone scan. Radiographs of some of these areas revealed that these lesions also were “brown tumors.” The patient underwent subsequent excision of a right parathyroid adenoma.
Childhood Cancer Mortality-Reply
Authors: R. W. Miller, F. W. McKay
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Clinical trials involving childhood cancer have been conducted for decades. We cited four referencesto them, notably in overviews by Levine<sup>1</sup>and Hammond et al.<sup>2</sup>The National Cancer Institute provides almost $10 million annually for clinical trials of childhood cancer by the Children's Cancer Study Group, the Pediatric Oncology Group, the National Wilms' Tumor Study, and the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study. Success varies according to the type of cancer treated, with the best results to date obtained for Hodgkin's disease, Wilms' tumor, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. Our study, as stated in the introduction, was meant to determine if the marked improvement observed by collaborating groups or individual cancer centers was also to be found nationwide as evaluated by mortality. We prepared but did not publish a Table to show the close correspondence between the decline in mortality and improved survival as determined by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End
Metallopeptidase activities in hereditary angioedema: Effect of androgen prophylaxis on plasma aminopeptidase P
Authors: Christian Drouet, Anik Désormeaux, Josée Robillard, Denise Ponard, Laurence Bouillet, Ludovic Martin, Gisèle Kanny, Denise-Anne Moneret-Vautrin, Jean-Luc Bosson, Jean-Louis Quesada, Margarita López-Trascasa, Albert Adam
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Europe's men need their own health strategy
Authors: A. White, M. McKee, N. Richardson, R. d. Visser, S. A. Madsen, B. C. d. Sousa, R. Hogston, W. Zatonski, P. Makara
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A recent European report on men’s health shows that it lags behind that of women. <b>Alan White and colleagues</b> analyse the problems and call for more policy, practice, and research aimed specifically at men
If Less Is More, Which Outcomes Should Be Presented in Facilitating Prostate Cancer Screening Decision Making?—Reply
Authors: Michael P. Pignone
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Metabolic Syndrome and Risk for Incident Alzheimer's Disease or Vascular Dementia
Authors: Christelle Raffaitin, Henri Gin, Jean-Philippe Empana, Catherine Helmer, Claudine Berr, Christophe Tzourio, Florence Portet, Jean-François Dartigues, Annick Alpérovitch, Pascale Barberger-Gateau
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Associations between metabolic syndrome and its individual components with risk of incident dementia and its different subtypes are inconsistent.The 7,087 community-dwelling subjects aged > or =65 years were recruited from the French Three-City (3C) cohort. Hazard ratios (over 4 years) of incident dementia and its subtypes (vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease) and association with metabolic syndrome (defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria) and its individual components (hypertension, large waist circumference, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and elevated fasting glycemia) were estimated in separate Cox proportional hazard models.Metabolic syndrome was present in 15.8% of the study participants. The presence of metabolic syndrome increased the risk of incident vascular dementia but not Alzheimer's disease over 4 years, independent of sociodemographic characteristics and the apolipoprotein (apo) Eepsilon4 allele. High triglyceride level was the only component of metabolic syndrome that was significantly associated with the incidence of all-cause (hazard ratio 1.45 [95% CI 1.05-2.00]; P = 0.02) and vascular (2.27 [1.16-4.42]; P = 0.02) dementia, even after adjustment of the apoE genotype. Diabetes, but not impaired fasting glycemia, was significantly associated with all-cause (1.58 [1.05-2.38]; P = 0.03) and vascular (2.53 [1.15-5.66]; P = 0.03) dementia.The observed relation between high triglycerides, diabetes, and vascular dementia emphasizes the need for detection and treatment of vascular risk factors in older individuals in order to prevent the likelihood of clinical dementia.
From Presumed Benefit to Potential Harm — Hormone Therapy and Heart Disease
Authors: David M. Herrington, Timothy D. Howard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

During the past decade, postmenopausal hormone therapy became one of the most frequently prescribed therapies in the United States, with a highly diversified portfolio of presumed benefits for postmenopausal women. The belief that hormone therapy might reduce a woman's risk of coronary heart disease contributed considerably to its widespread use. Beginning in 1998, results from a series of randomized clinical trials, including new data presented in this issue of the Journal by Manson et al. (pages 523–534) and Hodis et al. (pages 535–545), have clearly demonstrated that hormone therapy does not slow the clinical or anatomical progression of established coronary . . .
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) promotes plasmablastic differentiation of a Burkitt lymphoma cell line: implications in the pathogenesis of plasmacytic/plasmablastic tumors
Authors: Liliana Guedez, Antonio Martinez, Shumei Zhao, Angelica Vivero, Stefania Pittaluga, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Mark Raffeld, William G. Stetler-Stevenson
Journal: Blood (2004)
Overall and Disease-Specific Survival of Patients with Screen-Detected Prostate Cancer in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Section Rotterdam
Authors: Stijn H de Vries, Renske Postma, René Raaijmakers, Stijn Roemeling, Suzie Otto, Harry J. de Koning, Fritz H. Schröder
Journal: European Urology (2006)
The Computer in Radiology
Authors: Stephen R. Ell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This is an unusually good book. The editor states his intent very clearly, then proceeds, employing 15 other authors, to fulfill it. The intent is to provide (p ix) "an overview of the computer and its relationship to radiology" for practicing radiologists and residents not expert in computer lore. The work is divided into five sections, as follows: "Background," "The Computer," "Current Clinical Applications," "Departmental Applications," and "The Personal Computer." Each of the 16 chapters is intended to be comprehensible on its own and, in fact, is. But, however much knowledge one might gain from a work so designed, endless repetition and boring reading is all one could expect. Yet, Dr Hunter and his coauthors have instead provided a crisp, tight, and eminently readable book. Anyone, radiologist or not, who is a bit shaky on bits, bytes, RAM, ROM, and the like can now go up against the slickest salesperson.
Early Prediction of Histopathological Tumor Response to Preoperative Chemotherapy by Tc-99m MIBI Imaging in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Junichi Taki, Anri Inaki, Hiroshi Wakabayashi, Hisashi Sumiya, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Yoh Zen, Seigo Kinuya
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Purpose: Tc-99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) accumulates in only viable cells. In patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, preoperative chemotherapy is essential and the early prediction of the tumor response to chemotherapy would be beneficial for the planning of treatment strategy. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the change of Tc-99m-MIBI images from the prechemotherapy state to the early to midportion of chemotherapy can predict the final histopathological tumor response as accurately as the change of imaging after completion of chemotherapy. Methods: Seventy-three patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas underwent Tc-99m-MIBI scintigraphy before chemotherapy and at least 2 times after the second or third or fifth course of chemotherapy. The changes of the tracer uptake (ΔUR) and perfusion (ΔPI) from prechemotherapy to postchemotherapy were compared with histologic response. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the prediction of effective chemotherapy in ΔPI were 88%, 83%, 85% after second, 85%, 72%, 78% after third, and 81%, 71%, 76% after 5th chemotherapy, and those in ΔUR were 88%, 83%, 85% after 2nd, 85%, 92%, 89% after 3rd, and 94%, 77%, 85% after fifth chemotherapy, respectively. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the ΔPI after second, third, and fifth chemotherapy were similarly good (0.842, 0.858, 0.811, respectively) and those of ΔUR were similarly excellent (0.915, 0.936, 0.931, respectively). Conclusion: In patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, the change of Tc-99m-MIBI images from prechemotherapy to early to middle of chemotherapy can predict the final histopathological tumor response to chemotherapy as accurately as the change of Tc-99m-MIBI images from prechemotherapy to the completion of the preoperative chemotherapy.
Superficial and Deep Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Renin Activity of the Rat Kidney EFFECT OF SURGICAL PREPARATION AND NaCl INTAKE
Authors: Walter Flamenbaum, Robert J. Hamburger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The intrarenal gradient of renin activity was determined in rats by using superficial (S) and deep (D) cortical juxtaglomerular apparatuses (JGA's), identified and microdissected after silicone-rubber compound injection. Angiotensin generated from single JGA's using partially purified sheep renin substrate was quantified by rat bioassay. When, in rats on a normal NaCl diet, silicone-rubber was injected into a carotid artery, alone or with abdominal aorta catheterization, S:D renin activity ratios were 1.18±0.08 (SEM) and 1.21±0.12, respectively. The S:D renin activity ratios obtained when silicone-rubber was injected into the abdominal aorta (2.52±0.09) or a chronic carotid artery catheter (3.44±0.40) were significantly higher (P < 0.001). The lower S:D renin activity ratios after carotid artery manipulation were due to significantly higher D-JGA renin activities. This increased D-JGA renin activity and the lack of a renin gradient appear to be related to acute carotid artery manipulation.
Nasal nicotine solution: a potential aid to giving up smoking?
Authors: M A Russell, M J Jarvis, C Feyerabend, O Ferno
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A nasal solution was developed containing 2 mg nicotine for use as a kind of liquid snuff. Its absorption was studied in three subjects. An average peak of plasma nicotine concentrations of 86.9 nmol/l (14.1 ng/ml) was reached seven and a half minutes after taking the solution. This compared with an average peak of 158.4 nmol/l (25.7 ng/ml) one and a half minutes after completing (but seven and a half minutes after starting) a middle tar cigarette (1.4 mg nicotine) and an average peak of 52.4 nmol/l (8.5 ng/ml) after chewing nicotine gum (2 mg nicotine) for 30 minutes. The more rapid and efficient absorption of nicotine from the nasal nicotine solution than from nicotine chewing gum suggests that it might prove a useful aid to giving up smoking. Nasal nicotine solution might be particularly useful in smokers for whom the gum is less suitable on account of dentures or peptic ulcers or who experience nausea and dyspeptic symptoms from the gum.
Prelminary Results of a NEQAS Ring Study Evaluating the Ventana INFORM™ HER2 Dual Colour Single Slide ISH Assay.
Authors: J. Bartlett, F. Campbell, M. Ibrahim, E. Kay, B. Jasani, J. Morgan, A. O'Grady, S. Di Palma, J. Starczynski, K. Miller
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Recent innovations in HER2 testing include the development of novel chromogenic in situ hybridisation tests. Most countries use FISH or ISH based testing for HER2 gene amplification in equivocal (IHC 2+) cases. Data on the reproducibility and portability of novel and even established HER2 ISH methods is sparse. We report initial results from the multicentre evaluation of intra and inter-observer/site variation in scoring HER2 results from 30 breast cancers measured in 5 laboratories using the Ventana Dual colour ISH assay.Methods: A commercially available tissue micro-array (TMA; Stretton Scientific UK) containing 2 replicate cores from 30 breast cancers was circulated to 5 UK NEQAS reference laboratories (numbered 1-5). All laboratories performed chromogenic ISH using a 60 core TMA and reported results for all assessable cores. For all cases 20 cells were scored and a further 20 cells scored on a separate occasion to check intra-observer variation. Results were collated centrally and compared with FISH peformed in a single laboratory. Concordance between FISH and CISH is reported on a core by core and case by case analysis. Intra and inter-observer variation between laboratories is also assessed. Finally regression analysis comparing results was performed. Results from a single laboratory are presented here and full results will be available for the meeting.Results: 93% of cores were successfully analysed by the Ventana dual colour ISH assay. 87% of cores were successfully analysed by PathyVision® FISH CISH was concordant with FISH in 96.4% of cores evaluated. In one sample FISH results were 2.05 &amp; 1.93 vs CISH of 2.03 and 2.14. In a second sample FISH results were 1.60 &amp; 1.53 versus CISH results of 2.00 &amp; 1.65. When mean results were calculated (2 cores per case) concordance between FISH and CISH results for this laboratories was 96.7% (1 discordant case – mean FISH – 1.99, mean CISH 2.09). 48 cores were scored twice (20 cells x 2) by a single observer. Mean intra-observer variation (for HER2 ratio) was 1.72% (Range 0.0-7.42%). No difference in scores was observed for the first vs second 20 cells. Scoring 40 cells produced no advantage. For results from a single observer for 2 cores (intra-site variation) from 42 core pairs (each core counted twice) variation was 7.5%.Conclusions: Preliminary evidence from the current study suggest that the Ventana INFORM™ HER2 dual colour single slide ISH assay can be robustly evaluated using conventional scoring approaches (20 cells per case). Concordance with FISH was excellent in the single laboratory reporting results to date. Further evidence will be reported from the other 4 participating laboratories. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 6011.
Abstract 1002: Fatty acid synthase is overexpressed in Middle Eastern epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and its inhibition potentiates cisplatin-mediated apoptosis in EOC cells
Authors: Rong Bu, Zeenath Jehan, Maqbool Ahmed, Prashant Bavi, Azhar R. Hussain, Aishah Saad Olyan, Fouad Al Dayel, Samir Ghourab, Shahab Uddin, Khawla Al Kuraya
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Fatty acid synthase (FASN), the enzyme responsible for de novo synthesis of fatty acids has been shown to be deregulated in several cancers including epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). In this study, we investigated the function of Fatty acid Synthase (FASN) signaling pathway in a large series of middle eastern EOC patient samples, using a panel of cell lines, and nude mouse model. Using immunohistochemistry, we detected FASN in 75.5 %(114/151) tumor samples. Overexpression of FASN was significantly associated with tumor proliferative marker Ki-67 (p=0.0009), activated AKT (p=0.0117) and XIAP(p=0.0046). Treatment of EOC cell lines with C75 a selective inhibitor of FASN causes inhibition of EOC cell proliferation via induction of apoptosis. Inhibition of FASN by C75 led apoptosis via involving mitochondrial pathway, activation of caspases and downregulation of XIAP, and survivin. FASN inhibition causes down regulation of activated AKT. In addition, inhibition by FASN siRNA causes downregulation of FASN and activation of caspases suggesting the role of FASN in C75 mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment of EOC cells with subtoxic doses C75 augmented the effect of cisplatin mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Finally, treatment of EOC cell line xenografts with combination of C75 and cisplatin resulted in growth inhibition of tumors in nude mice through downregulation of FASN and activation of caspases Altogether, our results suggest that overexpression of FASN in Middle eastern EOC suggests that FASN may be a potential therapeutic target in a subset of EOC, alone or in combination with other conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1002. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1002