tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elevated Levels of Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Antigens in Sera and Synovial Fluids of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Margaret A. Alspaugh, Gertrude Henle, Evelyne T. Lennette, Werner Henle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The frequencies and levels of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific antigens were determined in paired sera and synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in sera from patients with other connective tissue diseases; i.e., systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, and osteoarthritis (OA). The specimens were also tested for the presence of antibodies to RA-associated nuclear antigen. Compared to healthy controls, the patients' sera showed increased frequencies of elevated antibody titers (≥320) to Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen, a correspondingly enhanced (twofold to threefold) geometric mean titer, and an increased frequency of antibodies at elevated titers (≥10), usually to the restricted component and rarely the diffuse component of the early antigen complex. Levels of antibody to the EBV-associated nuclear antigen were within the normal range. Enhancement of antibody titers was more pronounced in seropositive RA patients (i.e., positive for rheumatoid factor) than in those who were not. Enhancement was also found in systemic lupus erythematosus and progressive systemic sclerosis. Antibody to RA-associated nuclear antigen was detected at an increased frequency only in the group of seropositive RA patients (90%), as compared to 8-15% in the other connective tissue diseases and 6-8% in healthy controls. The antibody titers in the synovial fluids equaled or were at most twofold higher or lower than those in the sera. In addition, levels of EBV-specific antibodies were studied serially over a period of 6-10 mo in patients with RA and OA. Parameters of disease activity were determined and compared to antibody levels. EBV-specific antibodies in sera of OA patients remained constant and within normal limits throughout the study. Although EBV-specific antibodies were often elevated in RA patients, they also remained constant, with the exception of three patients, who showed gradual increases in one of the four antibodies, which did not correlate with disease activity.
Communication in hospital.
Authors: C Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (1978)

the young at birth.Some may say, "Well, what is wrong with this, since this is what we believe in ?"Only this, that others have glimpsed, at least with the inward eye, the vision of the uncrippled, their limbs intact and in no need of mending, running free and joyously again.If we believe in prevention at all, our task today is surely not to conform or reinforce conformity to this dreadful doctrine but instead to question what is the validity of the source of authority for our present attitudes to sexuality, remembering always that other societies in the past have not been less noble or less civilised on a different, more humanistic basis.
The host genetic background of DNA repair mechanisms is an independent predictor of survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Davide Rossi, Silvia Rasi, Alice Di Rocco, Alberto Fabbri, Francesco Forconi, Annunziata Gloghini, Alessio Bruscaggin, Silvia Franceschetti, Marco Fangazio, Lorenzo De Paoli, Riccardo Bruna, Daniela Capello, Annalisa Chiappella, Chiara Lobetti Bodoni, Manuela Giachelia, Maria Chiara Tisi, Enrico M. Pogliani, Francesco Lauria, Marco Ladetto, Stefan Hohaus, Maurizio Martelli, Umberto Vitolo, Antonino Carbone, Robin Foà, Gianluca Gaidano
Journal: Blood (2010)
Aspergillus Meningitis in Sri Lanka — A Post-Tsunami Effect?
Authors: Padma S. Gunaratne, Chandrika N. Wijeyaratne, Harshalal R. Seneviratne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

To the Editor: An outbreak of meningitis from infection with Aspergillus fumigatus after the administration of spinal anesthesia for cesarean section occurred between July 2 and July 25, 2005, in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The patients were five previously healthy women. Their median age was 27 years (range, 21 to 38) (Table 1). They had received spinal anesthesia from different surgical teams in two maternity hospitals. The mean incubation period was 11.2 days. Fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity were common presentations. Remittent fever continued despite initial treatment with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. Papilledema, lateral rectus palsy, and cerebral infarction and hemorrhage developed . . .
Abstract 4171: The role of ATM and 53BP1 as predictive markers and therapeutic targets in advanced stage cervical cancer
Authors: Frank Roossink, Hylke W. Wieringa, Maartje G. Noordhuis, Mirjam Kok, Klaske A. ten Hoor, Geertruida H. de Bock, Steven de Jong, Ate G. J. van der Zee, Ed M.D. Schuuring, G. Bea A. Wisman, Marcel A.T.M. van Vugt
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Chemoradiation is the standard of care for advanced stage cervical cancer patients and induces cytotoxicity by inducing high levels of DNA breaks in the tumor. The ability of tumor cells to repair therapy-induced DNA damage may counteract the effects of chemoradiation. The pathway responsible for DNA double strand break repair is called the ‘DNA damage response’. In vitro we observed robust radiation-induced G1 and G2 cell cycle arrests in cervical cancer cell lines, despite the expression of HPV oncogenes, which impact the DNA damage response through rapid p53 degradation. Moreover, the DNA damage checkpoint protein ATM and its substrate 53BP1 are required for proper induction of cell cycle checkpoint arrests. Yet, when long-term survival effects were measured, inhibition of ATM, but not 53BP1, strongly sensitized cervical cancer cells to irradiation. To validate the putative role of ATM and 53BP1 in advanced stage cervical cancer we investigated presence and activity of ATM as well as 53BP1 in relation to response-to-treatment in a large, well documented, series of advanced stage cervical cancer patients (n=375). We found that high levels of ATM were related to poor response to chemoradiation (P=0.013). Importantly, high phosho-ATM immunostaining, reflecting active ATM, predicted poor responses to chemoradiation even better (P=0.004). In addition, high phospho-ATM levels predicted shorter disease-specific survival (P=0.020). Although presence of phosphorylated 53BP1 did relate to phospho-ATM (P=0.001), it was not significantly related to any clinicopathological features or survival. Combined, our data suggest the prognostic value of ATM signaling for responses to chemoradiation and point at ATM inhibition as a potential therapeutic target to increase treatment efficacy in advanced stage cervical cancers. Acknowledgements This research is supported by the Dutch Cancer Society (RUG 2007-3719) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-VENI 916.76.062). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4171. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4171
Aminophylline toxicity in the elderly.
Authors: I Drummond
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Metabolic consequences of salbutamol poisoning reversed by propranololAdministration of salbutamol, a beta2-adrenoreceptor agonist, is associated with several metabolic consequences including disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid, and potassium homeostasis.5Although the importance of these effects during therapeutic use of the drug is not clear, severe hypokalaemia has been reported after salbutamol poisoning.2As evidence suggests that the metabolic effects are due to beta-adrenoreceptor stimulation3 it seems logical to treat these results of salbutamol poisoning with a beta-adrenergic antagonist.We report a case in which salbutamol-induced hypokalaemia was managed successfully with propranolol. Case reportA previously healthy 17-year-old girl was admitted having taken an unspecified quantity of salbutamol 2 mg tablets (Ventolin) three hours previously.On admission she was agitated and tremulous and had a tachycardia of 156 beats/minute: an electrocardiogram showed the rhythm to be sinus.Blood pressure was 110/60 mm Hg.Gastric lavage was performed with no appreciable tablet return.Initial investigation showed a plasma
Endoscopic Treatment of a Bleeding Duodenal Varix Using N-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate
Authors: A. Paterlini, F. Rolfi, F. Buffoli, P. Cesari, M. Graffeo, D. Benedini, G. Lanzani, E. Bonera
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

See also: Sclerotherapy of a Bleeding Duodenal VarixEndoscopy 1982; 14(05): 187-189DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021618
Abstract 335: A genetic mouse model of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma using targeted deletion of E-cadherin and TGFβ receptor II.
Authors: Thomas Andl, Gregoire F. Le Bras, Nicole F. Richards, Gillian L. Allison, M. Kay Washington, R. Katie Lee, Claudia D. Andl
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We previously observed that 70% of esophageal tumors demonstrated coordinated loss of E-cadherin and TGFβRII. When grown in three-dimensional organotypic reconstruct cultures, cells lacking E-cadherin and TGFβRII demonstrate fibroblast-dependent invasion into the underlying matrix. Therefore, we hypothesized that coordinated loss of CDH1 (E-cadherin) and TGFBR2 (TGFβRII) will induce tumorigenesis in vivo. We developed a mouse model targeting CDH1 and TGFBR2 loss in the oral-esophageal epithelium using the Epstein-Barr virus L2 promoter, ED-L2. For spatio-temporal control of CDH1- and TGFBR2 gene expression, we also generated an inducible mouse model using Cre-ERT(tam) under the control of the keratin 14 promoter. Few mouse models focusing on genetic alterations of oral and head-and-neck cancer exist. We show that the loss of E-cadherin and TGFβ receptor II without carcinogen treatment is sufficient to induce invasive HNSCC and forestomach tumors. Double knock-out animals succumb to the disease between 1 and 1.5 years of age and show invasive tumors in the oral cavity and tongue, as well as the forestomach. Advanced tumors metastasize to the lung. The tumors are characterized by Ki67-positive and p63-positive staining and show disruption of adherens junctions with loss of β-catenin and mislocalisation of p120 to the cytoplasm. Additional genetic modifications frequently described for HNSCC are the upregulation of c-myc and cyclin D1. We could show that the oral mouse tumors are positive for these markers allowing us to conclude that this animal model recapitulates HNSCC at the pathologic and molecular levels. Furthermore, the forestomach is an extension of the squamous epithelium of the esophagus in the mouse. Known genetic alterations causing esophageal squamous cancer are amplification of EGFR, cyclin D1 and mutations in p53 in addition to the loss of E-cadherin and TGFβRII. The analysis of the forestomach tumors recapitulates these events in the mouse model as a result of CDH1 and TGFBR2 loss. This tumor model will provide us with a unique tool for testing therapeutic approaches. Citation Format: Thomas Andl, Gregoire F. Le Bras, Nicole F. Richards, Gillian L. Allison, M. Kay Washington, R. Katie Lee, Claudia D. Andl. A genetic mouse model of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma using targeted deletion of E-cadherin and TGFβ receptor II. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 335. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-335
B3-03: A randomized multicenter phase III study of cetuximab (Erbitux®) in combination with Taxane/Carboplatin versus Taxane/Carboplatin alone as first-line treatment for patients with advanced/metastatic Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Thomas J. Lynch, Taral Patel, Luke Dreisbach, Michael McCleod, William J. Heim, Hermann Robert, Paschold Eugene, Pautret Virginie, Martin R. Weber, Donald Woytowitz
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Toward Suicide Prevention in Medical Practice
Authors: Jerome A. Motto
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Current developments in health care place the nonpsychiatric physician more and more in a pivotal position regarding the identification and management of depressed and suicidal persons. It is essential that the physician resolve his own anxiety about suicide in order to function most efficiently in this role. Only when this is achieved will principles of management and treatment have value. An active case-finding approach, comparable to the routine chest x-ray film, serology, or Papanicolaou smear, is needed to effectively modify these suicidal states before they develop to crisis proportions. To further this goal, it is suggested that inquiry about depressive and suicidal states be made an essential part of every routine medical examination.
Mechanisms of Biliary Stent Clogging: Confocal Laser Scanning and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: A. M. van Berkel, J. van Marle, A. K. Groen, M. J. Bruno
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic insertion of plastic biliary endoprostheses is a well-established treatment for obstructive jaundice. The major limitation of this technique is late stent occlusion. In order to compare events involved in biliary stent clogging and identify the distribution of bacteria in unblocked stents, confocal laser scanning (CLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out on two different stent materials - polyethylene (PE) and hydrophilic polymer-coated polyurethane (HCPC). Patients and Methods: Ten consecutive patients with postoperative benign biliary strictures were included in the study. Two 10-Fr stents 9 cm in length, one made of PE and the other of HCPC, were inserted. The stents were electively exchanged after 3 months and examined using CLS and SEM. Results: No differences were seen between the two types of stent. The inner stent surface was covered with a uniform amorphous layer. On top of this layer, a biofilm of living and dead bacteria was found, which in most cases was unstructured. The lumen was filled with free-floating colonies of bacteria and crystals, surrounded by mobile laminar structures of mucus. An open network of large dietary fibers was seen in all of the stents. Conclusions: The same clogging events occurred in both PE and HCPC stents. The most remarkable observation was the identification of networks of large dietary fibers, resulting from duodenal reflux, acting as a filter. The build-up of this intraluminal framework of dietary fibers appears to be a major factor contributing to the multifactorial process of stent clogging.
Clinical Management of the Constipated Patient
Authors: Mark P. Runde
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 April 1995Clinical Management of the Constipated PatientMark P. RundeMark P. RundeSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-8-199504150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Camilleri and colleagues [1] provides an excellent review of chronic constipation. In their review of current treatment options for severe constipation, the authors mention the study of Pemberton and coworkers [2], in which patients followed for 2 years had a mean of 4 bowel movements per day with no incontinence. I caution readers that, despite these excellent results, surgical ileorectostomy for severe constipation in the setting of a slow transit time should be done with caution. A patient seen in my practice was treated 3 years ago with ileorectostomy and now has an average ...References1. Camilleri M. Clinical management of intractable constipation. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:520-8. Google Scholar2. Pemberton JH, Rath DM, Ilstrup DM. Evaluation and surgical treatment of severe chronic constipation. Ann Surg. 1991; 214:403-13. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1995Volume 122, Issue 8Page: 632KeywordsConstipationIncontinenceSurgery Issue Published: 15 April 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
CHANGE OF COLOR IN THE HAIR FROM THE INTERNAL USE OF PILOCARPIN. EXHIBITION OF SPECIMENS.
Authors: D. W. PRENTISS
Journal: JAMA (1889)

In the<i>Phila. Med. Times</i>of July 2, 1881, I published a case entitled "Remarkable Change in the Color of the Hair from Light Blonde to Black in a Patient while under Treatment by Pilocarpin. Report of a Case of Pyelo-Nephritis, with unusually prolonged Anuria." This Was a case of a lady, 25 years of age, and the drug was used to relieve the uræmic symptoms resulting from the anuria, which latter was extreme. A record was kept of the amount of urine excreted, and this shows that on one occasion, from December 16 to December 23, a period of seven days, not a drop of urine was passed, and that from January 22, 1881, to February 2, eleven days, there was total anuria. From January 22 to February 11 (twenty-one days), but 36 grams, or a little over 2 ozs. of urine were passed. During this time the catheter
Effectiveness of a regional trauma system in reducing mortality from major trauma: before and after study
Authors: J. Nicholl, J. Turner
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the effect of the development of an experimental trauma centre and regional trauma system on the survival of patients with major trauma. <b>Design:</b> Controlled before and after study examining outcomes between 1990 and 1993, spanning the introduction of the system in 1991-2. <b>Setting:</b> Trauma centre in North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary and five associated district general hospitals in the North West Midlands regional trauma system, and two control regions in Lancashire and Humberside. <b>Subjects:</b> All trauma patients taken by the ambulance services serving the regions or arriving other than by ambulance with injury severity scores &gt;15, whether or not they had vital signs on arrival at hospital. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Survival rates standardised for age, severity of injury, and revised trauma score. <b>Results:</b> In 1990, 33% of major trauma patients in the experimental region were taken to the trauma centre, and by 1993 this had risen to only 39%. Crude death rates changed by the same amount in the control regions (46.5% in 1990–1 to 44.4% in 1992-3) as in the experimental region (44.8% to 41.3%). After standardisation, the estimated change in the probability of dying in the experimental region compared with the control regions was −0.8% per year (95% confidence interval −3.6% to 2.2%); for out of hours care, the change was 1.6% per year (−2.3% to 5.6%), and, for multiply injured patients, the change was −1.6% (−6.1% to 2.6%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Any reductions in mortality from regionalising major trauma care in shire areas of England would probably be modest compared with reports from the United States. <h3>Key messages</h3> In an experimental regional trauma system in the North West Midlands region the trauma centre was provided with 24 hour cover by consultants in accident and emergency and additional resources for intensive care We assessed the effect of the regional trauma system on the survival of patients with major trauma There was little evidence of the development of an integrated trauma system, and the proportion of patients taken directly to the trauma centre increased only for those with multiple injuries There was no reliable or consistent evidence that these developments improved patients9 chance of survival from major trauma in the region Possible benefits from regionalising trauma care in shire areas of England are probably modest compared with claims from the United States
Subpopulations of alveolar macrophages in smokers and nonsmokers: relation to the expression of CD11/CD18 molecules and superoxide anion production.
Authors: T Schaberg, U Klein, M Rau, J Eller, H Lode
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We were previously able to show that the number of alveolar macrophages (AM) expressing CD11/CD18 molecules is increased in smokers compared with nonsmokers and related to the superoxide anion (O2-) production of these cells. Since it has been demonstrated that AM are a heterogeneous cell population that can be separated by density, we performed this study to investigate the expression of CD11/CD18 molecules and O2- production in relation to cell density of AM from smokers and nonsmokers. AM were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from smokers (n = 32) and nonsmokers (n = 20). Subpopulations were isolated using discontinuous Percoll density-gradient centrifugation with four densities (fraction 1: 1.030; fraction 2: 1.040; fraction 3: 1.050; and fraction 4: 1.070 g/ml). Expression of CD11/CD18 on freshly isolated cells and on AM before and after density centrifugation was studied using peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining. The contribution of AM subpopulations to O2- production in smokers was determined by monitoring the reduction of ferricytochrome C to ferrocytochrome C. We obtained 0.92 +/- 0.1 x 10(5) AM/ml BAL in nonsmokers and 2.4 +/- 0.3 x 10(5) AM/ml in smokers. Recovery after density centrifugation was > or = 72%. The absolute number of AM in smokers was significantly increased in fractions 3 and 4 (median 4.37 x 10(6) and 2.05 x 10(6), respectively) compared with nonsmokers (median 1.26 x 10(6) and 0.7 x 10(6), respectively) (p < 0.05). In both smokers and nonsmokers, fractions 3 and 4 showed a comparable increase in the percentage of CD11/CD18-positive AM compared with fractions 1 and 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Carcinoma In Situ of the Genitalia
Authors: Mitchell E. Bender
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THE incidence of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the genitalia either is increasing or is being diagnosed more frequently. It may resemble a variety of benign cutaneous abnormalities, and the clinician may not appreciate the malignant biological features of these lesions unless a biopsy is performed. We describe the multiple clinical appearances of CIS occurring on the male and female genitalia. We describe the clinical features of 19 cases and review the relevant literature on this subject. <h3>Patients and Methods</h3> The 19 patients reported in this series were seen for diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous genital lesions. The relevant clinical data are summarized in the Table. All patients had biopsy confirmation of CIS made by light microscopy. The histologic diagnosis of CIS was made by consulting dermatopathologists and pathologists. Prior to diagnosis, several of our referred patients were thought to have condyloma acuminata, dermatitis, lichen planus, or other dermatoses that