tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Love and Hate on the Tennis Court: How Hidden Emotions Affect Your Game
Authors: Frances K. Widmann
Journal: JAMA (1977)

"Lincoln's Doctor's Dog" used to be the all-inclusive book title guaranteed to catch everyone's interest. In the late 1970s, physical fitness, emotional understanding, and self-improvement seem to be the keys to best-sellers. In "Love and Hate on the Tennis Court: How Hidden Emotions Affect Your Game," we have a neat package of all three themes. Next to jogging, tennis is surely the favorite sport of the intellectual-turned-physical-fitness buffs who constitute the book-buying public. Understand your emotions, improve your game: how can such a book be anything but an instant winner? It could be shorter, less repetitive, and less expensive. The case histories are instantly recognizable; the conclusions drawn therefrom are predictable but pleasantly phrased; the self-improvement pointers (headed, at the end of each chapter, "Ways to Net Profit") abound with common sense. The aggregate, however, is not enough for a book. As an article in a glossy magazine, illustrated by
Recurrent Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Patient with Gastroduodenal Schistosomiasis
Authors: L. Madácsy, T. Molnár, I. Nagy, L. Tiszlavicz, J. Lonovics
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

In this case report, we describe the rare situation of a patient with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding induced by gastric and duodenal involvement of Schistosoma mansoni infection. In this unique case severe, recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding was induced by central ulcerations of gastric pseudopolypoid and duodenal polypoid lesions. However, very atypically, there were no signs of portal hypertension, coagulopathy, or variceal bleeding, and no macroscopic evidence of lower gastrointestinal tract involvement. Neither anti-ulcer therapy nor endoscopic hemostasis methods were effective in preventing recurrent bleeding episodes. Finally, typical histological and serological tests (positive for S. mansoni hemagglutination) led to the correct diagnosis, and the patient was completely cured by specific antischistosomal therapy.
SUV on Dual-Phase FDG PET/CT Correlates With the Ki-67 Proliferation Index in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Chin-Chuan Chang, Shih-Feng Cho, Yu-Wen Chen, Hung-Pin Tu, Chia-Yang Lin, Chao-Sung Chang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

PET using 18F-FDG integrated with CT is beneficial for staging patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The Ki-67 index is used to assess the proliferation potential of tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of the Ki-67 index in tissue samples with the SUV at different sites on dual-phase FDG PET/CT of patients with newly diagnosed NHL.From September 2009 to March 2011, patients with newly diagnosed NHL who had received dual-phase FDG PET/CT for staging and biopsy samples that were evaluated for the Ki-67 expression were enrolled. The SUVmax of the biopsy site, the tumorous lesion sites, and 3 different bone marrow sites (right iliac crest, sternum, and L1) were measured. The SUVmean of the liver and spleen were also measured.There were a total of 27 patients in this study. Significant correlations were observed between the Ki-67 index and the SUVmax of the right iliac crest in patients with early-stage disease (stage I and II) patients, the SUVmax of the biopsy and whole-body lesion sites in patients with late-stage disease (stage III and IV), and the retention index of SUVmax of the right iliac crest in patients whose bone marrow were involved by lymphoma cells.For patients with newly diagnosed NHL, the significant correlation between the Ki-67 index and the SUV in this study suggests that dual-phase FDG PET/CT may be used as a noninvasive measurement of tumor proliferation.
Functional Imaging of Colonic Mucosa With a Fibered Confocal Microscope for Real-Time In Vivo Pathology
Authors: Thomas D. Wang, Shai Friedland, Peyman Sahbaie, Roy Soetikno, Pei–Lin Hsiung, Jonathan T.C. Liu, James M. Crawford, Christopher H. Contag
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2007)
Attenuation of ischemia induced increases in sodium and calcium by the aldose reductase inhibitor Zopolrestat
Authors: Ravichandran Ramasamy, Hong Liu, Peter J Oates, Saul Schaefer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

We have previously demonstrated that zopolrestat, an inhibitor of the enzyme aldose reductase, reduces ischemic injury in hearts from diabetic and non-diabetic rats. To further explore potential cardioprotective mechanisms of zopolrestat, we measured changes in intracellular sodium, calcium, and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in zopolrestat treated hearts during ischemia and reperfusion.Hearts from acute diabetic (Type I) and age-matched control rats were isolated and retrogradely perfused. Hearts had either control perfusion or exposure to 1 microM zopolrestat for 10 min, followed by 20 min of global ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. Changes in intracellular sodium and calcium were measured using 23Na and 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively, while the activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase was measured using biochemical assays.Zopolrestat blunted the rise in [Na]i during ischemia in both diabetic hearts and non-diabetic hearts. The end-ischemic [Na]i was 21.3 +/- 2.6 mM in the zopolrestat treated diabetics and 25.9 +/- 2.3 in zopolrestat treated non-diabetics, versus 31.6 +/- 2.6 mM and 32.9 +/- 2.8 mM in the untreated diabetics and untreated non-diabetics, respectively, (P = 0.002). Similarly, the rise in [Ca]i at the end of ischemia was significantly reduced in zopolrestat treated diabetic and non-diabetic hearts (P = 0.005). Zopolrestat increased the activity of Na-,K(+)-ATPase in diabetic hearts under baseline conditions (11.70 +/- 0.95 versus 7.28 +/- 0.98 mumol/h/mg protein, P = 0.005) as well as during ischemia and reperfusion. Similar changes in Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity were also observed in non-diabetic hearts.The data provide additional support to the protective effects of zopolrestat and suggest that a possible mechanism of action may be associated with the attenuation of the rise in [Na]i and [Ca]i during ischemia and reperfusion.
“Not a university type”: focus group study of social class, ethnic, and sex differences in school pupils' perceptions about medical school
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh, Kieran Seyan, Petra Boynton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To investigate what going to medical school means to academically able 14-16 year olds from different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds in order to understand the wide socioeconomic variation in applications to medical school. <b>Design</b> Focus group study. <b>Setting</b> Six London secondary schools. <b>Participants</b> 68 academically able and scientifically oriented pupils aged 14-16 years from a wide range of social and ethnic backgrounds. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Pupils9 perceptions of medical school, motivation to apply, confidence in ability to stay the course, expectations of medicine as a career, and perceived sources of information and support. <b>Results</b> There were few differences by sex or ethnicity, but striking differences by socioeconomic status. Pupils from lower socioeconomic groups held stereotyped and superficial perceptions of doctors, saw medical school as culturally alien and geared towards “posh” students, and greatly underestimated their own chances of gaining a place and staying the course. They saw medicine as having extrinsic rewards (money) but requiring prohibitive personal sacrifices. Pupils from affluent backgrounds saw medicine as one of a menu of challenging career options with intrinsic rewards (fulfilment, achievement). All pupils had concerns about the costs of study, but only those from poor backgrounds saw costs as constraining their choices. <b>Conclusions</b> Underachievement by able pupils from poor backgrounds may be more to do with identity, motivation, and the cultural framing of career choices than with low levels of factual knowledge. Policies to widen participation in medical education must go beyond a knowledge deficit model and address the complex social and cultural environment within which individual life choices are embedded.
The Smile Test
Authors: C. Z. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  I wish to call attention to a simple but valuable psychological diagnostic procedure well known to many nonpsychiatrist physicians. It is known as the smile test, and the procedure, as the name implies, is carried out by smiling at people and observing the response.  Some have even cautiously suggested therapeutic implications, but this has not been validated by doubleblind randomized studies. Consideration that both the stimulus and the response in this test are nonverbal prompts me to terminate this letter.
Gut Perforation Caused by Biliary Endoprosthesis
Authors: R H Størkson, B Edwin, O Reiertsen, A E Faerden, O Sortland, A R Rosseland
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Two cases are reported of perforation of the gut caused by biliary endoprosthesies in the three-year period 1993 - 1995. The first patient was an 81-year-old man who had perforation of the terminal ileum caused by a straight 10 French/7 cm stent which had been dislodged from the bile duct; he underwent laparotomy but did not recover. The second patient was an 86-year-old man who had perforation of the sigmoid colon caused by a straight 7 French/5 cm stent left in the duodenum during a stent exchange procedure; he was successfully treated laparoscopically. Two cases of gut perforation in a three-year period is a rather high rate of this rare complication of placement of biliary endoprostheses.
Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Bruce D. Cheson, John P. Leonard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has become more successful, largely owing to the availability of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which may avoid the toxic effects of chemotherapy, improve the outcomes when combined with chemotherapy, and provide options for patients with refractory disease. This article reviews the current uses of monoclonal antibodies in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Continuous G-CSF Ttreatment Induces Complete Clinical Remission and Restoration of IL-17 Secretion in Autosomal Dominant Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
Authors: Eduardo Shahar, G. Wildbaum, R. Katz, N. Karin, Amos Etzioni, Shimon Pollack
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
TCT-252 Prognostic value of ACEF (age, creatinine, ejection fraction) score of one year mortality in 30-day survivors undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Jang Hoon Lee, Myung Hwan Bae, Shung Chull Chae, Yongkeun Cho, Se Yong Jang, Jae Hee Kim, Sun Hee Park, Hun Sik Park, Dong Heon Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Infectious Diseases of Children
Authors: Leslie L. Barton
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The past few decades have seen a remarkable growth of the field of pediatric infectious diseases. It has been 22 years since the first edition of<i>Infectious Diseases of Children</i>was published. The success of this comprehensive volume, reflected in its longevity, will most assuredly be accorded to the book's latest (seventh) edition. It is generally well written, well arranged, and well illustrated. New chapters on infant botulism, osteomyelitis, otitis media, and urinary tract infections have been added to the previous edition. So too have 70 pages, numerous references, and two new authors. Sections of older chapters, such as those on viral hepatitis, gonorrhea, and aseptic meningitis, have been visibly updated. The chapter on tuberculosis has been revised by Dr Laura Gutman. The beautifully lucid chapter on the differential diagnosis of exanthematous diseases has been expanded and includes the toxic shock syndrome. The final chapter on active immunization is an
Integration of care should be at heart of NHS reform, says King's Fund
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The UK government must promote the “right kind of competition” to ensure that the NHS is able to further integrate care for the benefit of patients, says a report from the health think tank the King’s Fund.

It warns that the reforms outlined in the government’s Equity and Excellence white paper, published in July ( BMJ 2010;341:c3796, doi:10.1136/bmj.c3796), need to encourage more integration of care to improve outcomes for patients.

Chris Ham, the chief executive of the King’s Fund and the report’s lead author, told the BMJ that the government’s current proposals risked further fragmenting NHS providers of …
Rotation of the Anatomic Regions Used for Insulin Injections and Day-to-Day Variability of Plasma Glucose in Type I Diabetic Subjects
Authors: John P. Bantle
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Treatment of type I diabetes mellitus is hindered by the often large fluctuations in blood glucose concentration experienced by affected individuals. To determine to what extent day-to-day variation in blood glucose levels can be reduced if insulin is injected in the same anatomic region rather than in different regions using a rotational scheme, as is commonly recommended, 12 type I diabetic subjects were studied. Insulin injections were given in the abdomen for 3 days and rotated among arms, abdomen, and thighs for 3 days using a crossover design with random assignment of treatment order. Blood samples for measurement of plasma glucose levels were obtained at nine scheduled times on each day. Insulin dose, diet, and physical activity were held constant for each subject. During the abdominal injection period, the mean SD of plasma glucose levels and the mean variance of plasma glucose levels were both less at all nine time points than during the rotating injection period. Overall values for the SD of plasma glucose levels were 2.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L for the abdominal injection period and 3.7 ±0.3 mmol/L for the rotating injection period. Overall values for the variance of plasma glucose levels were 9.2 ± 1.4 mmol<sup>2</sup>/L<sup>2</sup>for the abdominal injection period and 17.4 ±2.2 mmol<sup>2</sup>/L<sup>2</sup>for the rotating injection period. We conclude that the common clinical practice of rotating the anatomic regions used for insulin injections increases day-to-day variation in blood glucose concentration. Use of a single anatomic region, eg, the abdomen, for all insulin injections may reduce this variation and allow greater precision in the adjustment of insulin doses. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1802-1806)
Abstract 433: mTOR overexpression is associated with radio-resistance and worse prognosis of cervical cancer.
Authors: Masato Nishimura, Kanako Yoshida, Hiroyuki Furumoto, Minoru Irahara
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract mTOR is an important factor for cell proliferation. It is reported that overexpression of mTOR is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. We examined mTOR expression in cervical cancer and association with clinico-pathological findings. 34 patients were examined about mTOR expression by immuno-histochemistry. The result was classified into 3 categories, i.e negative, weak positive and strong positive. 25 patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, 8 ptients were treated with hysterectomy and one patient was treated with chemotherapy as main treatment. Overexpression of mTOR was recognized in 24(71%) patients. The frequency of parametrial invasion and lymphnode metastasis in mTOR positive and negative were 17/24 (71%) versus 3/10 (30%) (p=0.027) and 14/24 (58%) versus 2/10 (20%) (p=0.041). In 25 cases treated with radiotherapy, mTOR overexpression was seen in 19 cases (76%). Averages of tumor diameter in mTOR positive and negative cases were 4.8 cm and 5.0cm respectively (n.s). In 5 local recurrent cases treated with chemo-radiotherpy, tumor diameters of pre-treatment were 0, 3.5, 5.5, 7 and 7cm. Small tumor was included in local recurrence in mTOR positive cases. It is suggested that mTOR overexpression promotes lymphnode and parametrial metastasis and is associated with radio-resistance. In case of mTOR overexpression, we need to consider treatment by hysterectomy if the tumor is resectable or usage of mTOR inhibitor at chemo-radiation, and control of mTOR expression is important in treatment of cervical cancer. Citation Format: Masato Nishimura, Kanako Yoshida, Hiroyuki Furumoto, Minoru Irahara. mTOR overexpression is associated with radio-resistance and worse prognosis of cervical cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 433. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-433
Regulation of rat hepatocyte protein kinase C ? isoenzymes by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal: A signaling pathway to modulate vesicular transport of glycoproteins
Authors: Elena Chiarpotto, Cinzia Domenicotti, Dimitri Paola, Antonella Vitali, Mariapaola Nitti, Maria A. Pronzato, Fiorella Biasi, Damiano Cottalasso, Umberto M. Marinari, Antonella Dragonetti, Patrizia Cesaro, Ciro Isidoro, Giuseppe Poli
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

A major aldehydic end product of the peroxidation of arachidonic acid, 4–hydroxy–2,3–nonenal (HNE), has recently been considered for its potential involvement in a variety of cell functions. Here we report on the differential regulation of rat hepatocyte protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms by concentrations of HNE actually detectable in specific biological fluids or tissues. PKC βI and, to a much greater extent, PKC βII activities were markedly increased by 0.1 μmol/L HNE (final concentration in cell medium) whereas they were unaffected or even inhibited by 1 to 10 μmol/L HNE. On the contrary, the calcium independent PKC δ activity was inhibited by 0.1 μmol/L and increased by 1 and 10 μmol/L. Further, we show here that HNE–induced stimulation of PKC βI and βII activities, both in cytosolic and in membrane fractions, is paralleled by a marked stimulation of the anterograde transport of a lysosomal enzyme within the central vacuolar system. In fact, the treatment with 0.1 μmol/L HNE accelerated the PKC–dependent transport of lysosomal procathepsin D from the trans–Golgi network to the endosomal–lysosomal compartment and, in addition, increased the exocytosis of mature cathepsin D (CD) from these compartments. On the other hand, hepatocyte cotreatment with a selective inhibitor of classic PKCs prevented the aldehyde–induced activation of CD transport. These results support the possible involvement of HNE in the PKC–dependent regulation of the traffic of secretory glycoproteins, and point to remarkable implications of this aldehyde in the pathophysiology of various exocytic processes including hepatocyte lipoprotein secretion.
Antenatal screening for syphilis
Authors: A Nicoll, C Moisley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

typically report improvement in symptoms in over 80% of those participating but with complete elimination of vertigo and dizziness in less than a third.'91' Balance retraining is a rehabilitative rather than a curative technique and cannot therefore be expected to prevent the recurrence of active disease or to relieve symptoms without a vestibular origin or that are unaffected by position or movement.Nevertheless, the acceleration of habituation by means of exercises results in much less dizziness in most patients; its far reaching psychological benefits may be helpful even to those with recurrent vertigo or whose dizziness seems related to anxiety.
Zoster Sine Herpete
Authors: G. W. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1958)

A review of the extensive literature on zoster reveals that infection with the zoster virus may produce more than a localized reaction due to involvement of the sensory arc in one or two segments.The pathological process may extend to the anterior horn and nerves and, more rarely, to viscera and autonomic nerves, to the meninges, and to the central nervous system in an exten- sive and even fatal manner.In the course of a clinical study of 120 cases of zoster seen in a group of general practices a number of patients presented symptoms and signs highly suggestive of zoster but without a rash, a condition which has been recorded previously by a few observers and which was termed zona fruste " by Widal (1907) and " zoster sine herpete" by Weber (1916).Zoster sine herpete may present as a variety of syn- dromes.From the present study it would appear that these syndromes are far less rare than the very few instances recorded in the literature would lead one to suppose. Types of PainImportant in the recognition of some of the syn- dromes of zoster sine herpete is an appreciation of the character of the pain in zoster.This is of two types: a deep boring or twisting pain arising in muscles, joints, ligaments, etc., usually associated with tenderness of these structures to pressure, which has been termed "sclerotomal pain"; and a superficial, burning or prickling pain, usually with associated hyperaesthesia, arising in or near the skin and termed " dermatomal pain."Both types of pain occur in most patients, but either may be present without the other.When both varieties are present the sclerotomal pain usually pre- cedes the dermatomal pain by a few days, occasionally by a week or two.It is the early onset of sclerotomal pain with its associated muscle tenderness that occa- sio'nally leads to erroneous diagnoses of renal or intraabdominal disease in the pre-eruptive phase of zoster.
Researchers Hope Techno-Teaching Will Improve Cancer Pain Treatment
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

A TEAM of researchers at Dartmouth Medical School in Hanover, NH, is hoping to ease the long-standing problem of undertreated cancer pain with technology designed to win the hearts and minds of clinicians. In a recently launched study targeting physicians in community-based settings in rural New England, the Dartmouth group is combining a computer-driven interactive videodisc program with other measures aimed at changing the attitudes and behavior of clinicians toward treating patients with cancer-related pain. Their hope: that a program that allows users to interact with actual or simulated patients in a learning situation that mimics clinical decision making will engage physicians emotionally as well as intellectually, driving home the importance of identifying and managing cancer pain. While the medium is fairly new, the message is not—though it's one that pain experts say needs to be heard and embraced, as the ongoing international debate over physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia underscores.