tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The University of Massachusetts Medical School Comes of Age
Authors: F.J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

About a year ago, Dr. Lamar Soutter, the first dean and chancellor of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, was obliged to resign because of ill health. For over 11 years he had resolutely planned for and developed a school that would be characterized by high standards and at the same time would achieve its goals of increasing the number of practitioners for the State. In the face of numerous obstacles and delays, he was remarkably successful so that, at the time of his resignation, Massachusetts could boast of a fourth distinguished school of medicine, joining the three long established . . .
Child Abuse and Neglect: Diagnosis, Treatment and Evidence
Authors: Deepak Prabhakar
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long term follow-up of extremely preterm neonates
Authors: F. Groenendaal, C. Uiterwaal
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Good outcomes data are needed now more than ever

Cohort studies have been used to investigate morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates since the early days of neonatal intensive care and have shown adverse sequelae in many of those who survive.1 Such studies have identified many perinatal risk factors that affect outcome. This has improved quality of care and led to a decrease in the incidence and severity of cerebral palsy in preterm neonates.2 Studies of children followed up into puberty identified risks of abnormalities in psychological development and behaviour associated with preterm birth that were not detectable at younger ages.3 Advances in neonatal intensive care in the 1990s mean that neonates who are born as early as 22-23 weeks’ gestational age are now offered active treatment. Two linked research papers from the EPICure 2 study (doi:10.1136/bmj.e7976 and doi:10.1136/bmj.e7961) look at trends in mortality and long term morbidity in this highly vulnerable group.4 5

Costeloe and colleagues report on survival and neonatal morbidity for babies born at 22-26 weeks’ gestation in England during 2006 and assess changes in …
Widespread Correction of Lysosomal Storage Following Intrahepatic Injection of a Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus in the Adult MPS VII Mouse
Authors: Thomas J. Sferra, Kristin Backstrom, Chuansong Wang, Rachel Rennard, Matt Miller, Yan Hu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the acid hydrolase beta-glucuronidase. MPS VII mice develop progressive lysosomal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within multiple organs, including the brain. Using this animal model, we investigated whether gene transfer mediated by a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) type 2 vector is capable of reversing the progression of storage in adult mice. We engineered an rAAV2 vector to carry the murine beta-glucuronidase cDNA under the transcriptional direction of the human elongation factor-1alpha promoter. Intrahepatic administration of this vector in adult MPS VII mice resulted in stable hepatic beta-glucuronidase expression (473 +/- 254% of that found in wild-type mouse liver) for at least 1 year postinjection. There was widespread distribution of vector genomes and beta-glucuronidase within extrahepatic organs. The level of enzyme activity was sufficient to reduce lysosomal storage within the liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lung, and brain. Within selected regions of the brain, neuronal, glial, and perivascular cells had histopathologic evidence of reduced storage. Also, brain alpha-galactosidase and beta-hexosaminidase enzyme levels, secondarily elevated by the storage abnormality, were normalized. These data demonstrate that peripheral administration of an rAAV2 vector in adult MPS VII mice can lead to transgene expression levels sufficient for improvements in both the peripheral and the central manifestations of this disease.
Combination treatment with interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) inHCV(+)HIV(−) haemophilia PTS, non responders (NR) to IFNmonotherapy
Authors: O. Katsarou, A. Gialeraki, H. Loukopoulou, A. Hatzakis, A. Karafoulidou
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Environmentally induced autoimmune diseases: potential mechanisms.
Authors: T Rao, B Richardson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Environmental and other xenobiotic agents can cause autoimmunity. Examples include drug-induced lupus, toxic oil syndrome, and contaminated l-tryptophan ingestion. Numerous mechanisms, based on (italic)in vitro(/italic) evidence and animal models, have been proposed to explain how xenobiotics induce or accelerate autoimmunity. The majority of these can be divided into three general categories. The first is those inhibiting the processes involved in establishing tolerance by deletion. Inhibiting deletion can result in the release of newly generated autoreactive cells into the periphery. The second mechanism is the modification of gene expression in the cells participating in the immune response, permitting lymphocytes to respond to signals normally insufficient to initiate a response or allowing the antigen-presenting cells to abnormally stimulate a response. Abnormal gene expression can thus disrupt tolerance maintained by suppression or anergy, permitting activation of autoreactive cells. The third is the modification of self-molecules such that they are recognized by the immune system as foreign. Examples illustrating these concepts are presented, and related mechanisms that have the potential to similarly affect the immune system are noted. Some mechanisms appear to be common to a variety of agents, and different mechanisms appear to produce similar diseases. However, evidence that any of these mechanisms are actually responsible for xenobiotic-induced human autoimmune disease is still largely lacking, and the potential for numerous and as yet unidentified mechanisms also exists.
Modified Rendezvous Technique for Biliary Cannulation
Authors: K. E. Mönkemüller, J. D. Linder, L. C. Fry
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

The rendezvous technique is a useful combined radiological and endoscopic procedure to facilitate common bile duct (CBD) access. A guide wire is placed through the skin into the biliary tract and advanced into the duodenum and once the wire exits the papilla the wire is grasped with a Dormia basket, forceps, or a snare. Occasionally it is difficult to grasp hydrophilic wires with forceps or a snare due to their slippery surface. Also, during the process of grabbing and pulling guide wires through the biopsy channel of the duodenoscope with any of these devices (forceps, snare, or basket) damage, kinking or breakage of the wire can occur.
Aggressive squamous cell carcinomas developing in patients receiving long-term azathioprine
Authors: W.W. BOTTOMLEY, G. FORD, W.J. CUNLIFFE, J.A. COTTERILL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

We report three patients who developed unusually aggressive squamous cell carcinomas after receiving long-term azathioprine treatment for dermatological disorders. Two patients gave a history suggestive of moderate to excessive sun exposure, and the third suffered from chronic actinic dermatitis. Hence, ultraviolet light damage may have been a significant cofactor in the development of these malignancies. Careful follow-up is necessary in patients who are taking azathioprine long term, and who have previously been excessively exposed to ultraviolet light (UVL), or in whom future exposure is likely to be excessive. We suggest that strict sun avoidance measures are followed by patients on long-term azathioprine, or that alternatives to azathioprine therapy are considered, especially in individuals inherently at risk of UVL damage, and in those already showing clinical signs of such damage.
246 ASSESSMENT OF PAROXETINE IN THE PREVENTION OF DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C TREATED BY PEG-INTERFERON-RIBAVIRIN.: A DOUBLE-BLINDED, RANDOMIZED STUDY. ANRS HC18 PAROPEG
Authors: J.-P. Bronowicki, V. Canva, A. Tran, M.-N. Hilleret, S. Pol, M. Mainard, M. Bourlière, V. de Ledinghen, A. Abergel, K. Barange, N. Ganne, P. Cales, V. Di Martino, O. Goria, J.-M. Molina, L. Alric, J.-J. Raabe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
High-Altitude Retinal Hemorrhages
Authors: Richard S. Munsen
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Skiers, hikers, and mountain climbers today can easily and rapidly attain high altitudes. Especially in climbing, competition to go higher and faster leads to greater exertion and less acclimatization. The syndromes of acute mountain sickness, high-altitude pulmonary edema, and cerebral edema are recognized, but many unanswered questions remain. Retinal hemorrhages and disc edema at high altitudes have been previously reported. Tschudi in 1839<sup>1</sup>noted ocular symptoms and signs (blurred vision, ocular pain, and conjunctival hemorrhages) at 12,000 ft in Peru. Sédan<sup>2</sup>found retinal hemorrhages in hypertensive subjects at 12,000 ft in 1938. Frayser et al,<sup>3</sup>in 1968, found a 37.5% incidence of retinal hemorrhages in climbers on Mt Logan (17,500 ft). Subsequent studies have found even higher frequencies. In this issue ofThe Journal, McFadden et al (p 581) are the first to report retinal cotton-wool spots at high altitudes. Their data show the increased incidence of
Identification of a 36‐kDa olive‐pollen allergen by <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies
Authors: A Martínez, JA Asturias, R Palacios, J Martínez, Ml Sanz, G Sánchez, A Oehling
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background : Ole e 1 has been considered the major allergen of olive ( Olea europaea ) pollen. Some other relevant allergens (Ole e 2, 3, 4, and 6) have been recently described. This work aimed to study the IgE‐binding frequency of a 36‐kDa protein from O. europaea pollen in a large population of olive‐allergic patients, its allergenic reactivity in vivo , and its presence in olive pollens of different origin, as well as in other relevant allergenic pollens. Methods : Identification of IgE‐binding components from O. europaea pollen extracts was elucidated by inhibition of SDS–PAGE immunoblotting using recombinant profilin (Ole e 2) and Ole e 1 molecules. The IgE‐binding frequency of the 36‐kDa protein was estimated by Western blot in a sample of 120 sera from olive‐allergic patients. The cutaneous test with the 36‐kDa protein was performed by intradermoreaction in allergic patients and control subjects. Results : Exactly 83% of the sera from O. europaea ‐allergic patients recognized a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 36 kDa, under reducing conditions. It was detected by sera from monosensitized and polysensitized patients, showing a higher IgE frequency than the major allergen Ole e 1 (59%) and the minor profilin (Ole e 2) allergen (27%). Similar reactivity rates (79%) was found by intradermal test. Extracts from olive pollens collected in California presented a much higher amount (around 16‐fold on average) of the 36‐kDa protein than those from pollens of Spanish origin. The presence of similar allergens was detected only in closely related species ( Syringa , Fraxinus , Ligustrum ), and not in other common allergenic pollens. Conclusions : The 36‐kDa protein constitutes a major allergen for olive‐sensitized patients, but it is not equally represented in O. europaea pollens of different origins. Abbreviations : BSA: bovine serum albumin; PVDF: polyvinylidene difluoride; SDS–PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TBS: Tris borate saline buffer.
973 CANNABINOID RECEPTOR TYPE 1 EXPRESSION MODULATES ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS: ROLE OF ACETALDEHYDE
Authors: E. Patsenker, T. Wissniowski, G. Millonig, S. Mueller, M. Stoll, M. Ocker, H.K. Seitz, F. Stickel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
p47phox is required for atherosclerotic lesion progression in ApoE–/– mice
Authors: Patricia A. Barry-Lane, Cam Patterson, Marié van der Merwe, Zhaoyong Hu, Stephen M. Holland, Edward T.H. Yeh, Marschall S. Runge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

NADPH oxidase is upregulated in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in response to growth factor stimulation, concomitant with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We investigated the role of ROS production by NADPH oxidase in SMC responses to growth factors and in atherosclerotic lesion formation in ApoE–/– mice. SMCs from wild-type, p47phox–/–, and gp91phox–/– mice differed markedly with respect to growth factor responsiveness and ROS generation. p47phox–/– SMCs had diminished superoxide production and a decreased proliferative response to growth factors compared with wild-type cells, whereas the response of gp91phox–/– SMCs was indistinguishable from that of wild-type SMCs. The relevance of these in vitro observations was tested by measuring atherosclerotic lesion formation in genetically modified (wild-type, p47phox–/–, ApoE–/–, and ApoE–/–/p47phox–/–) mice. ApoE–/–/p47phox–/– mice had less total lesion area than ApoE–/– mice, regardless of whether mice were fed standard chow or a high-fat diet. Together, these studies provide convincing support for the hypothesis that superoxide generation in general, and NADPH oxidase in particular, have a requisite role in atherosclerotic lesion formation, and they provide a rationale for further studies to dissect the contributions of ROS to vascular lesion formation.
Right Upper Quadrant Mass
Authors: William T. McCoy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Dr. James W. Tanner: An 18-month-old white female was admitted with a chief complaint of an abdominal mass. The child was the product of a full term, normal delivery and had developed normally. One and one-half months prior to admission there was a history of fever, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. The mother said that the child had always had a protuberant abdomen. Two weeks ago the family physician had noted the mass and that the child was jaundiced. The jaundice cleared and the child was admitted to the hospital for evaluation.  Physical Examination.—  The pulse was 118, respiration 30, and temperature 99.6° F. (37° C.). No jaundice was detected. Chest examination was negative. Abdominal examination revealed a large, firm, smooth, rounded mass below the liver on the right side of the abdomen.  Laboratory Examination.—  The white blood cell count was 8,900. The stool was clay colored and guaiac negative. The
Elevation of Endothelial Microparticles, Platelets, and Leukocyte Activation in Patients With Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Julio A. Chirinos, Gustavo A. Heresi, Hermes Velasquez, Wenche Jy, Joaquin J. Jimenez, Eugene Ahn, Lawrence L. Horstman, Andres O. Soriano, Juan P. Zambrano, Yeon S. Ahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Natalizumab — Unforeseen Consequences
Authors: Joseph R. Berger, Igor J. Koralnik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

In this issue of the Journal, there are reports describing in detail three patients in whom progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) developed during treatment with natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against α4 integrins.13 These patients were among 3000 who had participated in clinical trials of natalizumab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis or Crohn's disease. PML is a deadly opportunistic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) for which there is no specific treatment. It is caused by reactivation of a clinically latent JC polyomavirus infection. This virus infects and destroys oligodendrocytes, leading to multifocal areas of demyelination and . . .
A new austenitic stainless steel with negligible nickel content: an in vitro and in vivo comparative investigation
Authors: M Fini, N. Nicoli Aldini, P. Torricelli, G. Giavaresi, V. Borsari, H. Lenger, J. Bernauer, R. Giardino, R. Chiesa, A. Cigada
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
HIPK2 Regulation by MDM2 Determines Tumor Cell Response to the p53-Reactivating Drugs Nutlin-3 and RITA
Authors: Cinzia Rinaldo, Andrea Prodosmo, Francesca Siepi, Alice Moncada, Ada Sacchi, Galina Selivanova, Silvia Soddu
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract In the past few years, much effort has been devoted to show the single-target specificity of nongenotoxic, p53 reactivating compounds. However, the divergent biological responses induced by the different compounds, even in the same tumor cells, demand additional mechanistic insights, whose knowledge may lead to improved drug design or selection of the most potent drug combinations. To address the molecular mechanism underlying induction of mitotic arrest versus clinically more desirable apoptosis, we took advantage of two MDM2 antagonists, Nutlin-3 and RITA, which respectively produce these two outcomes. We show that, along with p53 reactivation, the proapoptotic p53-activator HIPK2 is degraded by MDM2 in Nutlin-3–treated cells, but activated by transiently reduced MDM2 levels in RITA-treated ones. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed the functional significance of MDM2-mediated HIPK2 regulation in cell decision between mitotic arrest and apoptosis in both types of p53 reactivation. These data indicate that strategies of p53 reactivation by MDM2 inhibition should also take into consideration MDM2 targets other than p53, such as the apoptosis activator HIPK2. [Cancer Res 2009;69(15):6241–8]
Points from Letters: Boxing and the Brain
Authors: J. L. Blonstein
Journal: BMJ (1974)

December, p. 573) reads: "Though there is still some dispute about the mechanism of the association the evidence from human and animal studies suggests that it is the smoking rather than the type of woman who smokes which is responsible (British Medical 7ournal, 1973)."To the uninformed reader the reference to your leading article (17 February, p. 369) might convey the im- pression that you undertook a critical analysis of the smoking/smoker problem.This was not the case.Indeed, the papersl 2 and letters: I by the late Professor J. Yerushalmy that examined this question in depth were not even mentioned.Your article began: "No reasonable doubt now remains that smoking in pregnancy has adverse effects on the developing fetus."The (in my view) eminently reasonable doubts expressed by Yerushalmyl-4 have now
A Country Doctor's Good Morning
Authors: S. Del Giudice
Journal: JAMA (1983)

My first case was a lady with a bug in her ear. I never saw her. I spoke with her on the telephone at 2 AM the morning my medical practice began. She claimed she woke up with a bug in her ear. She wanted me to drive to her house and remove it, or at least do something. Was there a drug for this? she wondered. No. The problem evoked no routine answer from my medical training. She seemed serious enough. I decided to interview her. What kind of a bug was it? Did you actually see it crawl into your ear? And which ear was it anyway? I finally told her to go soak her head. She wasn't amused. I explained that if she were to submerge her head under water in a tub and leave just enough room to breath comfortably, she would drown the bug. I
Human Gene Therapy in Coming Months?
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

AFTER EARLIER critical reviews, the green light is burning brightly for the first clinical trial of true gene therapy. If all goes according to a plan developed by the Human Gene Therapy Subcommittee, the study is likely to start in the fall. The main hurdles are expected to have been jumped by the end of this month, when the subcommittee meets again. The subcommittee's parent body, the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee, is meeting at the same time (July 30) and is expected to approve the subcommittee's recommendation then and there. The study still will require approval by the Food and Drug Administration and also will have to be approved by the acting director of the National Institutes of Health, William Raub, PhD. The study, which will be done at the National Institute of Health's Clinical Center by W. French Anderson, MD, of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and
The Agency for Labeling Cigarettes
Authors: J. Stewart Hunter
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The item, "Hearings on Smoking," in your Washington News column (<i>JAMA</i><b>189</b>, July 6, 1964, adv p 17) merits a correction which I believe to be important in the interests of accuracy. Dr. Terry did not propose that the Public Health Service decide whether cigarette packages should carry a health warning. The Service does not have, nor has it ever proposed that it be given, such authority. Dr. Terry did testify, on behalf of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, that the question of labeling cigarette packages could be handled under the provisions of the Hazardous Substances Labeling Act, which is administered by another agency of the Department, the Food and Drug Administration. This proposal, as your story clearly points out, would require legislation. The suggestion was offered as a means by which the problem might be handled. It is difficult to make the interpretation that
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Phenotype Revisited After 50 Years With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Martin S. Maron, Barry J. Maron, Caitlin Harrigan, Jacki Buros, C. Michael Gibson, Iacopo Olivotto, Leah Biller, John R. Lesser, James E. Udelson, Warren J. Manning, Evan Appelbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Current status of catheter- and stent-based gene therapy
Authors: F SHARIF, K DALY, J CROWLEY, T OBRIEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Significant progress has been made in the field of cardiovascular gene therapy over the past decade. Animal models of human disease have helped in identifying potential therapeutic genes and have also assisted in the evaluation of an ideal vector. A number of percutaneous catheter systems have been used in animal models with limited success. Stents represent an attractive alternative for localized gene delivery, as they provide a platform for prolonged gene elution and efficient transduction of opposed arterial walls. This gene delivery strategy has the potential to decrease the systemic spread of the viral vectors and hence a reduced host immune response. Both synthetic and naturally occurring stent coatings have shown potential to allow prolonged gene elution with no significant adverse reaction. However, further animal studies are required to evaluate the compatibility of stent coatings, vector solutions, and the arterial wall as well as assessment of the feasibility of this approach to achieve the full potential of gene therapy.
The definition of myocardial ischaemia
Authors: G Grover
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article The definition of myocardial ischaemia Get access G Grover, Dr G Grover, Dr Department of Pharmacology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 1995, Page 141, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)90114-0 Published: 01 January 1995