tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What Pathogens Have Taught Us About Posttranslational Modifications
Authors: Dor Salomon, Kim Orth
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)

Pathogens use various mechanisms to manipulate host processes to promote infection. Decades of research on pathogens have revealed not only the molecular mechanisms that these microbes use to replicate and survive within host cells, but also seminal information on how host signaling machinery regulates cellular processes. Among these discoveries are mechanisms involving posttranslational modifications that alter the activity, localization, or interactions of the modified protein. Herein, we examine how pathogens have contributed to our basic understanding of three posttranslational modifications: phosphorylation, NMPylation, and ubiquitylation. Over the years, technologies, techniques and research tools have developed side by side with the study of pathogens, facilitating the discovery of protein modifications and furthering our understanding of how they contribute to both infection and cellular functions. Pathogens use various mechanisms to manipulate host processes to promote infection. Decades of research on pathogens have revealed not only the molecular mechanisms that these microbes use to replicate and survive within host cells, but also seminal information on how host signaling machinery regulates cellular processes. Among these discoveries are mechanisms involving posttranslational modifications that alter the activity, localization, or interactions of the modified protein. Herein, we examine how pathogens have contributed to our basic understanding of three posttranslational modifications: phosphorylation, NMPylation, and ubiquitylation. Over the years, technologies, techniques and research tools have developed side by side with the study of pathogens, facilitating the discovery of protein modifications and furthering our understanding of how they contribute to both infection and cellular functions.
Gastrointestinal Illness on Passenger Cruise Ships
Authors: Michael H. Merson
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Medical logs of 2,445 cruises taken by 38 vessels over a 20-month period beginning Jan 1, 1972, were reviewed. On 92% of the cruises, the recorded incidence of gastrointestinal illness was 1% or less; on 2% of cruises, it was 5% or greater. The actual incidence of gastrointestinal illness determined by a questionnaire survey of passengers sailing on nine cruises was found to be at least four times as high as that recorded in the medical logs. Although the cause of the illnesses was not known, there was evidence that transmission took place aboard ship. A survey of food-handling practices and water systems aboard selected ships demonstrated a significant potential for transmission of foodborne and waterborne disease. (<i>JAMA</i>231:723-727, 1975)
Institution-Wide Accreditation and Corporate Responsibility
Authors: Andrew D. Hunt
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Accreditation of social institutions is a process by which the professions establish criteria, and apply them to the institutions under consideration so as to provide assurance that these institutions are meeting their goals and objectives in the interest of the society which they serve. In the case of institutions involved in the education of physicians, the accreditation process is perforce particularly stringent, in view of the life-and-death decisions entrusted by society to their products and of the extraordinarily sensitive and even dangerous nature of the therapeutic agents and technical ministrations available to them in the pursuance of their métier. Added to the burden of ensuring that citizens can entrust their lives to the graduates of our institutions is the burden of providing appropriate incentives to help institutions change so as to meet requirements and demands of a rapidly proliferating and changing society. The agencies with the responsibility of accrediting the
CONSISTENT BENEFIT OF TICAGRELOR COMPARED TO CLOPIDOGREL IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS REGARDLESS OF BASELINE INFLAMMATORY MARKERS
Authors: Robert F. Storey, Stefan James, Nils &Aring;senblad, Agneta Siegbahn, Hakan Emanuelsson, Hugo Katus, Christopher Cannon, Steen Husted, Philippe Steg, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Radiofrequency ablation of lung cancer
Authors: P Bhatia
Journal: Thorax (2003)

▴ Herrera LJ, Fernando HC, Perry Y, et al . Radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary malignant tumors in nonsurgical candidates. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2003;125:929–37 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death in the USA. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Many patients have poor pulmonary function or other medical co-morbidities and are not suitable for resection. Such patients are offered alternative treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DThe%2BJournal%2Bof%2BThoracic%2Band%2BCardiovascular%2BSurgery%26rft.stitle%253DJ.%2BThorac.%2BCardiovasc.%2BSurg.%26rft.issn%253D0022-5223%26rft.aulast%253DHerrera%26rft.auinit1%253DL.%2BJ.%26rft.volume%253D125%26rft.issue%253D4%26rft.spage%253D929%26rft.epage%253D937%26rft.atitle%253DRadiofrequency%2Bablation%2Bof%2Bpulmonary%2Bmalignant%2Btumors%2Bin%2Bnonsurgical%2Bcandidates%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1067%252Fmtc.2003.18%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12698158%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1067/mtc.2003.18&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12698158&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F58%2F9%2F771.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000182327700023&link_type=ISI
Indications and effects of exchange transfusion in adults in gynaecology and obstetrics.
Authors: R. H. Philpott, N. E. Foster, D. Crichton
Journal: BMJ (1966)

period.Of the five patients studied one had a severe degree of haemophilia, in two it was moderate, and in two mild.The mortality rate in the series was 20%, as one patient eventually died of intracranial infection.Carotid angiography was safely performed on seven occasions in four of the patients, human A.H.F.concentrate being used on five occasions and porcine A.H.F.concentrate on two.It is suggested that the administration of these A.H.F.concentrates in sustained and adequate amounts to patients with classical haemophilia who are thought to be suffering from intracranial haemorrhage will possibly make it safe to use the standard techniques in establishing the precise diagnosis, and subsequently to treat a lesion by either conservative or surgical means.
Propionyl Erythromycin Ester Lauryl Sulfate and Jaundice
Authors: K. G. Kohlstaedt
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the past 6 months we have received clinical and laboratory data from physicians, indicating that on rare occasions a patient receiving propionyl erythromycin ester lauryl sulfate (Ilosone) may develop sensitivity to the drug manifested by reversible jaundice and liver function test changes of the intrahepatic cholestasis type. Laboratory studies in 7 well-studied patients have been characterized by increased direct-reacting bilirubin levels, negative or weakly positive cephalin flocculation and thymol turbidity tests, elevated serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase levels (in the range of 100 to 300 units), peripheral eosinophilia, normal cholecystograms, and in some instances elevated alkaline phosphatase levels. In 4 of these 7 patients, symptoms of abdominal distress and jaundice recurred on administration of a second course of the antibiotic, and in one, the symptoms reappeared on readministration of a third course of therapy. A fifth patient developed jaundice following a course of therapy, and then received
Circulating MicroRNAs
Authors: Esther E. Creemers, Anke J. Tijsen, Yigal M. Pinto
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

In the past few years, the crucial role of different micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in the cardiovascular system has been widely recognized. Recently, it was discovered that extracellular miRNAs circulate in the bloodstream and that such circulating miRNAs are remarkably stable. This has raised the possibility that miRNAs may be probed in the circulation and can serve as novel diagnostic markers. Although the precise cellular release mechanisms of miRNAs remain largely unknown, the first studies revealed that these circulating miRNAs may be delivered to recipient cells, where they can regulate translation of target genes. In this review, we will discuss the nature of the stability of miRNAs that circulate in the bloodstream and discuss the available evidence regarding the possible function of these circulating miRNAs in distant cell-to-cell communication. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss the usefulness of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for a wide range of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of fracture: results from a large primary care-based nested case-control study
Authors: D Vosse, R Landewe, D van der Heijde, S van der Linden, T-P van Staa, P Geusens
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

<h3>Background and aims:</h3> Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with bone loss in the vertebrae and an increased prevalence of vertebral fractures, but literature about the magnitude of the risk of fracturing is limited. One retrospective cohort study provided evidence of an increased risk of clinical vertebral fractures but not of non-vertebral fractures. This study further explores the risk of clinical vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in a large population database. <h3>Methods:</h3> In a primary care-based nested case-control study, 231 778 patients with fracture and 231 778 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. A history of AS was assessed from the medical records. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated after adjustment for medication, other illnesses, smoking and body mass index when known. <h3>Results:</h3> AS was diagnosed in 758 subjects. The prevalence of AS was 0.18% in patients with fracture and 0.15% in controls. Patients with AS had an increased risk of clinical vertebral fracture (OR 3.26; 95% CI 1.51 to 7.02). The risk of fractures of the forearm and hip was not significantly increased (OR 1.21; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.69 and OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.43 to 1.37, respectively). The risk of any clinical fracture was increased in patients with AS with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (OR 2.79; 95% CI 1.10 to 7.08), whereas it was decreased in patients with AS taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.84). The risk was not associated with recent back pain, psoriasis, joint replacement therapy and use of sulfasalazine. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Patients with AS have an increased risk of clinical vertebral fracture but not of non-vertebral fractures, while the risk of any clinical fracture is increased in patients with concomitant inflammatory bowel disease. The mechanism by which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the risk of any clinical fracture warrants further research.
Medical Histology: A Text-Atlas With Introductory Pathology
Authors: Sheila Moriber Katz
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<i>Medical Histology</i>is a beautiful and well-written labor of love geared to the needs of the medical student. The information has been assiduously selected and effectively presented for use in various curricula and as a reference text for physicians seeking review in microscopic anatomy. The positioning of pathology throughout the book and at the end is beneficial, but the book only offers a tempting glimpse of pathology rather than a thorough introduction. The text is otherwise comprehensive and the graphic material is dazzling. There is an impressive amount of detailed artwork. Moreover, all illustrations—diagrams, light micrographs, and electron micrographs— are carefully coordinated to supplement each other. Transmission and scanning electron micrographs impart an almost three-dimensional perspective. Roentgenograms, an enlightening but unusual feature for a book of histology, are contained in the chapter on cartilage and bone. In addition to being highly informative, the text is frequently entertaining and contains swatches
Medical treatment, PCI, or CABG for coronary artery disease?
Authors: A. Lamy, M. Natarajan, S. Yusuf
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The three approaches should complement one another, not compete 

Medical treatments of coronary artery disease have improved in the past decade because of the availability of statins, effective blood pressure lowering drugs (in particular angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors), calcium blockers, and antiplatelet agents.1 In addition, improvements in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have revolutionised the management of high risk people with acute myocardial infarction (primary PCI and rescue PCI) and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina. The use of stents, together with antiplatelet and antithrombotic treatments, has reduced procedural complications and made PCI safer.2 Drug eluting stents have reduced restenosis after PCI, although they increase late stent thrombosis, for which long term dual antiplatelet treatment is required.3

Improvements in coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery have been slow because only a few randomised controlled trials have been performed. Surgeons still debate the benefits of off-pump CABG (beating heart surgery) versus on-pump surgery,4 and whether double internal mammary artery grafts are superior to single internal mammary grafting. Both questions are currently being evaluated in large randomised trials.5 Given that CABG surgery is increasingly performed in older people who are at high risk of cardiac, neurological, and renal complications, it is notable that CABG surgery results are improving worldwide.

In October 2010, a joint task force of the European Society of …
Cutting Family Planning in Texas
Authors: Kari White, Daniel Grossman, Kristine Hopkins, Joseph E. Potter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Interview with Prof. R. Alta Charo on the status and future of reproductive health care for women in the United States. (19:07)Download In 2011, Texas slashed funding for family planning services and imposed new restrictions on abortion care, affecting the health care of many low-income women. For demographically similar states, Texas's experience may be a harbinger of public health effects to come.
Molecular Diagnosis of Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Timothy J. O'Leary
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Novel Approaches and Targets for Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: PETER J. BARNES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<NEW BRONCHODILATORSSMOKING CESSATIONMEDIATOR ANTAGONISTSNEW ANTIINFLAMMATORY TREA...PROTEASE INHIBITORSMUCOREGULATORSALVEOLAR REPAIRROUTE OF DELIVERYFUTURE DIRECTIONSReferencesCITING ARTICLES
The importance of the location of antibody binding on the M6 protein for opsonization and phagocytosis of group A M6 streptococci.
Authors: K F Jones, V A Fischetti
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

One of 19 mAbs against the native group A streptococcal M6 protein proved opsonic for type 6 organisms in a bactericidal assay. The opsonic and three nonopsonic antibodies were selected for isotype and complement fixation studies based on previous knowledge of their epitope site on the M6 molecule. While mAb 3B8 (IgG3), whose epitope is in the NH2-terminal hypervariable region of the molecule (distal from the cell), and mAbs 10B6 (IgG2a) and 10F5 (IgG2b), both located in the conserved central region of the molecule, all fix complement, 10A11 (IgG1) did not. Only mAb 3B8 was opsonic despite the fact that mAbs 10B6 and 10F5 both exhibited similar complement-fixing capacity, binding titer, and surface exposure of epitopes. Analysis of antibodies raised against synthetic peptides representing various regions of the M6 protein showed that only the amino-terminal peptide (residues 1-21) was capable of eliciting opsonic antibodies, despite the fact that peptides from other areas produced antibodies with high-binding titers to the native M6 protein and also with the ability to bind to intact streptococcal cells. These results not only support the observed type specificity of opsonic antibodies, but also clearly point to the importance of the location of antibody binding on the M molecule relative to the actual functional capacity of the antibody with respect to the opsonization and phagocytosis of M6 streptococci. These results may underscore the recently observed role of complement Factor H in the antiphagocytic activity of the M protein.
Prospective multicenter clinical trial of surgical pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ralph J. Damiano, Patrick M. McCarthy, A.M. Gillinov, William H. Ryan, Marc R. Moon, Michael J. Mack, Sydney L. Gaynor, Sunil Prasad, Samuel A. Wickline, Marci S. Bailey, Kara M. Barnett, Nicholas R. Damiano, Yosuke Ishii, Richard B. Schuessler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
A NOVEL RADIONUCLIDE TO RADIOGRAPH OVERLAY TECHNIQUE FOR PRECISE LOCALIZATION OF OSTEOMYELITIS AND ITS DIFFERENTIATION FROM CELLULITIS USING Tc-LEUKOCYTES
Authors: M. Y. Hindi, R. W. Burt, A. R. Siddiqui, B. E. Oppenheim, J. Winther
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Hindi, M. Y.; Burt, R. W.; Siddiqui, A. R.; Oppenheim, B. E.; Winther, J. Author Information
Abstract 3258: Targeted-deletion of Ptp4a3 suppresses murine colon tumorigenesis
Authors: Mark W. Zimmerman, Gregg E. Homanics, John S. Lazo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4a3 (Ptp4a3, PRL-3) is a small, prenylated, 4a-family phosphatase that is highly conserved throughout mammalian species. Elevated expression levels commonly seen in human cancers, particularly metastatic colorectal cancer, suggest that Ptp4a3 may serve as a target for novel anticancer therapeutics. Ectopic overexpression of Ptp4a3 in cell culture models often enhances the cellular properties of migration and invasion. While Ptp4a3 has historically been associated with late-stage disease and metastatic progression, we observed increases in Ptp4a3 mRNA in the colon immediately following treatment with the colon pro-carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM). In the AOM colon cancer model, wildtype C57BL/6 mice develop approximately 7-10 tumors per mouse in the distal colon. The resulting tumors exhibit an average of 4-fold upregulation of Ptp4a3 mRNA relative to normal colon epithelium, as well as positive immunohistochemical staining indicating the presence of PTP4A3 protein. To further understand this promising target, we have created the first Ptp4a3 knockout mouse model. Ptp4a3 knockout mice are viable and appear normal, although male mice appear to have a slightly reduce body mass index. Interestingly, Ptp4a3 knockout mice developed fewer colon tumors than wildtype mice with the AOM model, suggesting that Ptp4a3 may have a role in colon tumorigenesis and the cellular response to genotoxic stress. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3258. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3258
Abstract LB-19: Involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator in EGF-induced c-Jun/Sp1-mediated gene expression
Authors: Ben-Kuen Chen, Wan-Chen Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)/ hydroxia-inducible factor-1β (HIF-1β) is a basic helix-loop-helix Per/AhR/ARNT/Sim (bHLH-PAS) that forms dimeric transcriptional regulatory complexes with other bHLH-PAS proteins to regulate various biological pathways. Our previous report has shown that ARNT is also involved in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced COX-2 gene expression. By using pull-down and protein-DNA interaction assays, we herein report that ARNT is associated with transcription factors c-Jun/Sp1, and it regulates gene expression. We find that EGF stimulated the formation of the c-Jun/ARNT/Sp1 complex and the binding of the transcription protein complex to the Sp1 site of the gene promoter in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the promoter activity and the mRNA level of 12(S)-lipoxygenase upon EGF stimulation were inhibited by ARNT small interfering RNA (siRNA). Notably, ARNT cooperated with c-Jun to regulate gene expression. Although both c-Jun and ARNT have a transactivation domain, c-Jun was responsible for the EGF-induced transcriptional activation because a dominant negative c-Jun mutant, TAM-67, blocked ARNT-mediated 12(S) lipoxygenase expression, but not the binding of ARNT to the promoter. ARNT knockdown attenuated the association between c-Jun and Sp1 and the downregulation of gene expression. Furthermore, ARNT siRNA also inhibited other EGF-induced c-Jun/Sp1 mediated gene expression, such as p21WAF1/CIP1. Our results revealed a novel mechanism by which ARNT acts as a modulator to bridge the c-Jun/Sp1 interaction and plays a role in EGF-mediated gene expression under normoxic conditions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-19.