tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathogenetic and diagnostic significance of microRNA deregulation in peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified
Authors: M A Laginestra, P P Piccaluga, F Fuligni, M Rossi, C Agostinelli, S Righi, M R Sapienza, G Motta, A Gazzola, C Mannu, E Sabattini, F Bacci, V Tabanelli, C A S Sacchetti, T Z Barrese, M Etebari, F Melle, A Clò, D Gibellini, C Tripodo, G Inghirami, C M Croce, S A Pileri
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas not otherwise specified (PTCLs/NOS) are rare and aggressive tumours whose molecular pathogenesis and diagnosis are still challenging. The microRNA (miRNA) profile of 23 PTCLs/NOS was generated and compared with that of normal T-lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, naive, activated). The differentially expressed miRNA signature was compared with the gene expression profile (GEP) of the same neoplasms. The obtained gene patterns were tested in an independent cohort of PTCLs/NOS. The miRNA profile of PTCLs/NOS then was compared with that of 10 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (AITLs), 6 anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCLs)/ALK+ and 6 ALCLs/ALK−. Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated in an independent set of 20 PTCLs/NOS, 20 AITLs, 19 ALCLs/ALK− and 15 ALCLs/ALK+. Two hundred and thirty-six miRNAs were found to differentiate PTCLs/NOS from activated T-lymphocytes. To assess which miRNAs impacted on GEP, a multistep analysis was performed, which identified all miRNAs inversely correlated to different potential target genes. One of the most discriminant miRNAs was selected and its expression was found to affect the global GEP of the tumours. Moreover, two sets of miRNAs were identified distinguishing PTCL/NOS from AITL and ALCL/ALK−, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of this tool was very high (83.54%) and its prognostic value validated.
Malaria circumsporozoite protein binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans associated with the surface membrane of hepatocytes.
Authors: U Frevert, P Sinnis, C Cerami, W Shreffler, B Takacs, V Nussenzweig
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

During feeding by infected mosquitoes, malaria sporozoites are injected into the host's bloodstream and enter hepatocytes within minutes. The remarkable target cell specificity of this parasite may be explained by the presence of receptors for the region II-plus of the circumsporozoite protein (CS) on the basolateral domain of the plasma membrane of hepatocytes. We have now identified these receptors as heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). The binding of CS to the receptors is abolished by heparitinase treatment, indicating that the recognition of region II-plus is via the glycosaminoglycan chains. We have purified and partially characterized the CS-binding HSPGs from HepG2 cells. They have a molecular weight of 400,000-700,000, are tightly associated with the plasma membrane, and are released from the cell surface by very mild trypsinization, a property which the CS receptors share with the syndecan family of proteoglycans.
The Poisonwood Bible
Authors: B. Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Poisonwood Bible might be considered Southern Baptist preacher Nathan Price’s journey into his own heart of darkness. Barbara Kingsolver, who trained as a biologist, is the offspring of two medical and public health workers who worked in what was then the Belgian Congo.

Her story, of the Price family’s mission to the Congo, is told from the perspective of Nathan’s wife, Orleanna, and his four daughters, one of whom, Adah, is mute and hemiplegic but who overcomes her disability to train as an infectious disease doctor. At the book’s conclusion, in the 1990s, she is a distinguished virologist at …
Six Blood-group Antibodies in Serum of a Transfused Patient
Authors: R. K. Waller, R. R. Race
Journal: BMJ (1951)

The ability of gallamine to modify muscarinic receptor binding properties and to antagonize muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity was investigated in the rat myocardium. Gallamine caused parallel shifts to the right in the dose-response curves for inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by the highly efficacious muscarinic agonist oxotremorine-M and the partial agonist Bm 5 [N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-4-pyrrolidino)-2-butynyl acetamide]. The nature of this effect was inconsistent with competitive inhibition, but could be explained by allosteric antagonism. Similar dissociation constants of 0.52 and 0.83 microM were estimated for gallamine on the basis of its ability to antagonize responses to oxotremorine-M and Bm 5, respectively. The maximum shift in the dose-response curve of Bm 5 caused by gallamine was 90-fold, whereas that of oxotremorine-M was only 49-fold. When measured by inhibition of the binding of the specific muscarinic antagonist [3H]N-methylscopolamine, the dissociation constant of gallamine was estimated to be 1.1 microM. The present results illustrate good agreement between the ability of gallamine to modify muscarinic receptor binding properties and to antagonize muscarinic receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity in the rat heart.
Associations of Total Testosterone and Sex Hormone–Binding Globulin Levels With Insulin Sensitivity in Middle-Aged Finnish Men
Authors: Ulla M. Rajala, Sirkka M. Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Paivi K. Hirsso, Jari J. Jokelainen, Mauri A. Laakso, Liisa A. Hiltunen, Aimo O. Ruokonen, Pirjo K. Härkönen, Markku J. Timonen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

While sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) production in the liver is mainly regulated by sex steroids and thyroxine, insulin is suggested to be another important regulator, and a low SHBG level is a marker of insulin resistance (1) and, consequently, a predictor of type 2 diabetes (2). The role of testosterone, another risk marker of type 2 diabetes, has been insufficiently clarified (2). Further, only one earlier study (3) has found evidence suggesting that, compared with total testosterone, high SHBG may be a more powerful correlate of insulin sensitivity, mediating the link between total testosterone and insulin sensitivity. We investigated the contribution of SHBG to the association between total …
Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead Levels in Human Placenta: A Systematic Review
Authors: María D. Esteban-Vasallo, Nuria Aragonés, Marina Pollan, Gonzalo López-Abente, Beatriz Perez-Gomez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Placental tissue may furnish information on the exposure of both mother and fetus. Mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are toxicants of interest in pregnancy because they are associated with alterations in child development.The aim of this study was to summarize the available information regarding total Hg, Cd, and Pb levels in human placenta and possible related factors.We performed a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Lilacs, OSH, and Web of Science for original papers on total Hg, Cd, or Pb levels in human placenta that were published in English or Spanish (1976-2011). Data on study design, population characteristics, collection and analysis of placenta specimens, and main results were extracted using a standardized form.We found a total of 79 papers (73 different studies). Hg, Cd, and Pb levels were reported in 24, 46, and 46 studies, respectively. Most studies included small convenience samples of healthy pregnant women. Studies were heterogeneous regarding populations selected, processing of specimens, and presentation of results. Hg concentrations > 50 ng/g were found in China (Shanghai), Japan, and the Faroe Islands. Cd levels ranged from 1.2 ng/g to 53 ng/g and were highest in the United States, Japan, and Eastern Europe. Pb showed the greatest variability, with levels ranging from 1.18 ng/g in China (Shanghai) to 500 ng/g in a polluted area of Poland.The use of the placenta as a biomarker to assess heavy metals exposure is not properly developed because of heterogeneity among the studies. International standardized protocols are needed to enhance comparability and increase the usefulness of this promising tissue in biomonitoring studies.
FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF HEART AND LUNG SOUNDS
Authors: R. C. CABOT
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In auscultation, the physician is interested in a variety of normal and abnormal sounds produced within the human body. The nature of organic lesions can often be determined by a careful study of these sounds. The quality of the sounds, as interpreted by the ear, depends on two factors: (1) the relative intensities of the various frequency components that make up the whole, and (2) the relative sensitivity of the ear at these frequencies.<sup>1</sup>By the term frequency is meant, of course, complete cycles (or vibrations) per second. Although the quality and pitch of the sounds do not indicate directly the conditions that give rise to them, by any process of<i>a priori</i>reasoning, nevertheless we know by experience, corroborated by postmortem examinations, that these factors have definite significance. It is therefore of interest to know as much as possible about the exact physical characteristics of the sounds commonly
269 LIPID PEROXIDATION IN OBSTRUCTIVE CHOLESTASIS: ROLE OF BILE ACIDS AND BILIRUBIN
Authors: L. Muchova, J. Zelenka, K. Vanova, M. Lenicek, M. Juklova, M. Vejrazka, R.J. Wong, H.J. Vreman, L. Vitek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
797 IMMUNE RESPONSES AGAINST FOUNDER HEPATITIS C VIRUSES IN ACUTE ASYMPTOMATIC SUBJECTS
Authors: F. Luciani, R.A. Bull, B. Cameron, S. Gaudieri, N. Nguyen, D. Yuen, P.A. White, D.F.J. Purcell, S. Foung, A.R. Lloyd
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Jeffrey N. Katz, Barry P. Simmons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

A 64-year-old woman has a three-month history of intermittent numbness, tingling, and burning pain in the three radial digits of both hands. These symptoms awaken her several times each night. She has no atrophy of the thenar muscles. How should she be evaluated and treated?
Lamivudine compared with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Joseph J.Y. Sung, Jak-Yiu Lai, Stefan Zeuzem, Wan Chen Chow, E. Jenny Heathcote, Robert P. Perrillo, Carol L. Brosgart, Mary A. Woessner, Susan A. Scott, D. Fraser Gray, Stephen D. Gardner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Now Hear This, Slacker Gome Doctors: Anal-Retentive Gunner Shoots Down Pass/Fail
Authors: Philip A. Korzeniowski
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Linger<sup>1</sup>as well as the American Medical Association-Medical Student Section advocate pass/fail reporting for the new US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), which will soon replace the current National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) tests. One reason for this position is that some residency program directors use the numerical scores to screen residency applications: 86% of 405 directors would not rank an applicant who had not passed NBME part 1, and 25% of directors would not rank applicants with scores under 450 on NBME part 1, even though 380 is a passing score.<sup>2</sup>Therefore, by making the USMLE pass/fail, program directors will have to rely on traditional evaluations by medical school faculty, medical school grades and clerkship evaluations, and dean's letters. I strongly disagree with Linger and the American Medical Association-Medical Student Section. Let us examine the method for advancement that permeates higher
The Importance of Circulating Tri-Iodothyronine
Authors: Kenneth Sterling
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

The intriguing paper entitled "Interpretation of Serum Tri-iodothyronine Levels Measured by the Sterling technic" in this issue of the New England Journal of Medicine corroborates and extends recently reported findings.1 With the ample clinical and laboratory resources of the Mayo Clinic, Wahner and Gorman, in little more than a year, have accumulated convincing evidence of the existence of T3-induced hyperthyroidism in spite of normal serum thyroxine (T4) concentration, also recently reported as "T3 thyrotoxicosis" by Sterling, Refetoff and Selenkow.2 This clinical occurrence, long suspected by workers in the field and supported by suggestive evidence, must . . .
Graphene: Insight into the Cellular Internalization and Cytotoxicity of Graphene Quantum Dots (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 12/2013)
Authors: Congyu Wu, Chong Wang, Ting Han, Xuejiao Zhou, Shouwu Guo, Jingyan Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

On page 1613 Shouwu Guo and co-workers present how graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with unique morphology and ultrasmall lateral sizes are internalized primarily via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and tend to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. The GQDs also exhibit lower cytotoxicity than that of the micrometer-sized graphene oxide, which prefers to stay in the cytoplasm. The subcellular distribution and low cytotoxicity of GQDs hold great promise in biomedical applications.
An Adventure in Vigor
Authors: Ellis Quay
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In his recent discussion of the penis (<b>199</b>:256, 1967), Alexander Gode, PhD exhibits his usual erudition, but his presentation lacks rigor. It is quite all right to consider the penis as an "individualized agent" that is both personalized and masculine, but this does not carry us very far forward. More significant is the problem not why the organ should be masculine, but why it is in fact sometimes feminine. In French, of course, the term is<i>verge</i>, which is feminine. This derives from the Latin<i>virga</i>, which means, first of all, a slender branch or twig; it has taken on the meaning of a rod or switch, as for flogging; a staff or wand or rod; and finally—shall we say by extension— the meaning of "membrum virile." The Latin<i>virga</i>is related to<i>virgo</i>, or virgin, just as the French<i>verge</i>is cognate to<i>vierge</i>, both
Unique Functional Status of Natural Killer Cells in Metastatic Stage IV Melanoma Patients and Its Modulation by Chemotherapy
Authors: Giulia Fregni, Aurélie Perier, Gianfranco Pittari, Simon Jacobelli, Xavier Sastre, Nadine Gervois, Mathilde Allard, Nadège Bercovici, Marie Françoise Avril, Anne Caignard
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Immunotherapy is an alternative for metastatic melanoma patients resistant to chemotherapy. Natural killer (NK) cells are powerful antileukemia effectors and their role in solid tumors is suspected. NK cell activation is regulated by a balance between activating receptors, which detect stress molecules on tumor cells, and HLA-I specific inhibitory receptors. Here, we studied the phenotype and function of NK cells in stage IV metastatic melanoma patients. Experimental Design: Circulating NK cells from 35 healthy donors and 51 patients were studied: 24 patients before chemotherapy (prechemotherapy), 17 patients 1 month after 1 to 4 lines of chemotherapy (postchemotherapy), and 10 patients analyzed pre- and postchemotherapy. NK functionality was carried out toward 2 primary metastatic melanoma cell lines, analyzed for the expression of NK receptor ligands. Results: NK cells from prechemotherapy patients exhibit an NKp46dim/NKG2Adim phenotype. In contrast, NK cells from postchemotherapy patients display high expression of NKp46 and NKG2A receptors. Purified NK cells from patients are efficiently activated in response to melanoma cells. Melanoma cells express different level of NKG2D ligands and HLA-I molecules. In agreements with their phenotype, NK cells from pre- and postchemotherapy patients present distinct functional status toward these primary melanoma cells. A dynamic label free assay was used to determine the pathways involved in the lysis of melanoma cells by IL-2–activated NK cells. NKG2D, NCR (natural cytotoxicity receptor), and DNAM-1 are involved in the NK-mediated lysis of melanoma cells. Conclusions: These results provide new arguments and clues to design NK cell–based immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 17(9); 2628–37. ©2011 AACR.
Abstract B41: Methylome profiling identifies unique patterns of DNA methylation in endometrial cancers
Authors: Michael P. Trimarchi, Pearlly S. Yan, Kun Huang, Joanna Groden, Ralf Bundschuh, Paul J. Goodfellow
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark often perturbed during carcinogenesis. Growing evidence demonstrates a role for DNA methylation both as a regulator of gene expression and as a potential biomarker. Widespread accumulation of methylation in regulatory elements in certain cancers (termed the CpG island methylator phenotype) may play a role in carcinogenesis. Few studies, however, have investigated genome-wide methylation in a clinical cohort, as the methodology for analyzing these large datasets remains poorly developed. Endometrial cancer is the most common female gynecological cancer in the US, with sporadic endometrioid as the predominant subtype. Methods: This study profiles the methylomes of 76 sporadic endometrioid endometrial primary tumors and 12 normal endometrium using sequenced methylated fragments captured by the MBD protein (MethylCap-seq). Results: Analysis of bulk methylation in promoter CpG islands (CGI) identified a subset of tumors with a putative methylator phenotype. We are currently developing a gene signature to more easily detect endometrial tumors with a methylator phenotype, perform cross-platform analyses, and further characterize clinicopathological variables associated with the phenotype. We have also developed a pipeline for quality analysis and show that exclusion of poor quality samples increases statistical power to call differential methylation and reduces analysis artifacts. Conclusion: The results of our study highlight MethylCap-seq as a useful tool for profiling methylation patterns in large clinical datasets. Citation Format: Michael P. Trimarchi, Pearlly S. Yan, Kun Huang, Joanna Groden, Ralf Bundschuh, Paul J. Goodfellow. Methylome profiling identifies unique patterns of DNA methylation in endometrial cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B41.
Selma Deitch, MD, MPH: Children First
Authors: Fitzhugh Mullan
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of supplemental oral phosphate on the bone mineral changes during prolonged bed rest
Authors: Stephen B. Hulley, John M. Vogel, Charles L. Donaldson, Jon H. Bayers, Ronald J. Friedman, Sheldon N. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Five healthy young men were studied during 24-30 wk of continuous bed rest. During the first 12 wk of bed rest, untreated subjects increased calcium excretion in the urine by 109 mg/day and in the feces by 147 mg/day. The rate of total body calcium loss was 0.5-0.7% per month. Losses of central calcaneus mineral, assessed by gamma ray transmission scanning, occurred at a tenfold higher rate, whereas the mineral content of the radius did not change. Changes in phosphorus balance resembled the calcium pattern, and increased excretion of nitrogen and hydroxyproline also occurred during bed rest. Upon reambulation, the subjects' calcium balance became positive in 1 month and recovery of their calcaneus mineral was complete within 10-20 wk. Treatment with potassium phosphate supplements (1327 mg P/day) entirely prevented the hypercalciuria of bed rest, but fecal calcium tended to increase. During the first 12 wk, calcium balance was slightly less negative (mean - 193 mg/day) than during bed rest without added phosphate (mean - 267 mg/day). This effect was not seen during the second 12 wk of bed rest. The patterns of magnesium excretion were similar to those of calcium. Fecal and urinary phosphorus excretions were doubled, and phosphorus balance became positive (+ 113 mg/day). Mineral loss from the central calcaneus was similar to that of untreated subjects. It is concluded that this form of phosphate supplementation reduces urinary calcium excretion but does not prevent bone loss during bed rest.
Understanding the Biologic Basis of Migraine
Authors: Jes Olesen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Until the 1988 classification of headaches by the International Headache Society, the various headache disorders were poorly defined, and migraine and tension-type headache were often viewed as part of a continuum.1 When the society's strict diagnostic criteria were applied to a general population, however, these were shown to be two distinct disorders.2 There are two main types of migraine.1 The first, migraine without aura (previously called common migraine), is characterized by headache attacks lasting 4 to 72 hours. The headache is usually severe, unilateral, pulsating, aggravated by physical activity, and accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia (hypersensitivity to light), and phonophobia . . .
The Intestinal Catarrhs, Being a Clinical Study of Colitis. Appendicitis and Their Allies: with a Special New Section on Sprue.
Authors: Edward Thomas Blake
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal