tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous vasculitis and T-large granular lymphocyte leukaemia with parallel evolution
Authors: N. Meyer, J. Dufour, T. Lamy, J. Chevrant-Breton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Cutaneous vasculitis and T‐large granular lymphocyte leukaemia with parallel evolution Get access N. Meyer, N. Meyer Rennes‐1 University, Medical School, avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes cedex, FrancePaul Sabatier University, Medical School, Allée Jules Guesdes, 31059 Toulouse Cedex, France Dermatology Department, Purpan Hospital, Place Baylac, 31059 Toulouse Cedex, France E‐mail: n.meyer1@free.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Dufour, J. Dufour Rennes‐1 University, Medical School, avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes cedex, FranceDepartments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Lamy, T. Lamy Rennes‐1 University, Medical School, avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes cedex, FranceHaematology, Pontchaillou Hospital, 2 rue Henri le Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Chevrant‐Breton J. Chevrant‐Breton Rennes‐1 University, Medical School, avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes cedex, FranceDepartments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 3, 1 September 2007, Pages 631–633, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08035.x Published: 01 September 2007
Pharmacokinetics of single and repeated injection of hemoglobin-vesicles in hemorrhagic shock rat model
Authors: Kazuaki Taguchi, Toru Maruyama, Yasunori Iwao, Hiromi Sakai, Koichi Kobayashi, Hirohisa Horinouchi, Eishun Tsuchida, Toshiya Kai, Masaki Otagiri
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Preventing diabetes in south Asians
Authors: T. A Chowdhury
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Too little action and too late 

The south Asian diaspora in the United Kingdom comprises Indians (predominantly Gujaratis and Punjabis), Sri Lankans, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis. A dramatic increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in south Asians is observed in many parts of the world including the United Kingdom.1 While marked cultural and social differences arise within this racial group, south Asians have the unenviable distinction of achieving the highest death rates of coronary heart disease in the United Kingdom,2 with Bangladeshis being particularly disadvantaged.3 Much of this excess risk may be attributed to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes (four times that of Europeans), which develops about 10 years earlier than in Europeans,4 and renal and cardiac complications are encountered more commonly.5

Although genetic factors are important, the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with increasing central (intra-abdominal) obesity and hyperinsulinaemia.6 South Asians seem to be more insulin resistant, even at an early age.7 The relation between obesity and insulin resistance may occur at lower levels of …
Suppression of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses by an interleukin-2-immunoglobulin fusion protein in mice.
Authors: U Kunzendorf, T Pohl, S Bulfone-Paus, H Krause, M Notter, A Onu, G Walz, T Diamantstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays a pivotal role in the cellular and humoral immune responses directed against foreign antigens. We characterized the in vitro and in vivo properties of a chimeric protein consisting of mouse IL-2 fused to the mouse IgG2b Fc domains. This fusion protein binds to IL-2 and Fc receptors and supports IL-2-dependent cell proliferation but does not mediate lysis of IL-2 receptor-positive cells in the presence of murine complement in vitro. However, in vivo the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein suppresses both cellular and humoral immune responses after immunization with sheep erythrocytes. Surprisingly, delayed hypersensitivity is inhibited despite a dramatic increase of splenic CD3+ and NK1.1+ lymphocytes, indicating that altered homing of IL2-IgG2b-activated lymphocytes rather than cytolysis prevents these cells from accumulating in areas of inflammation. Although in vitro the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein does not alter proliferation of B cells in response to mitogenic stimulation, IgM production in response to sheep erythrocytes is profoundly inhibited in mice treated with the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein. Since no side effects are observed, the IL2-IgG2b fusion protein may expand the therapeutic repertoire of reagents used for the treatment of allograft rejection and autoimmune diseases.
Toxic Neutrophils in<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>Sepsis
Authors: Christine L. Hann, Eric P. Schmidt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A previously healthy, 37-year-old woman presented to the emergency department obtunded and hypotensive. The previous night, a cough and sore throat had developed, and the patient had awoken with a purpuric rash and abdominal pain. Laboratory tests showed that the patient's white-cell count was 20,180 per cubic millimeter, with 5 percent metamyelocytes, 6 percent bands, 88 percent neutrophils, and 1 percent lymphocytes. Her platelet count was 41,000 per cubic millimeter. The tests also showed a depressed fibrinogen level and an elevated D-dimer level — findings consistent with the presence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. A peripheral-blood smear showed highly vacuolated neutrophils, . . .
Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Robert Mcnair Scott, William H. Bancroft, Rapin Snitbhan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1982Transmission of Hepatitis B VirusROBERT MCNAIR SCOTT, M.D., WILLIAM H. BANCROFT, M.D., RAPIN SNITBHAN, M.D.ROBERT MCNAIR SCOTT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM H. BANCROFT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RAPIN SNITBHAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-147_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Reiner and associates in the February issue (1) presents evidence to support de facto parenteral transmission as a source of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in homosexual men. Previously published data (2) support this hypothesis, suggesting that a similar mode of transmission may occur during heterosexual relations. Among American troops in Thailand there was a significant association between reported penile abrasions at the time of coitus and acquisition of HBV infection (2). Reiner and associates cite another work (3) as indicating "that feeding sub-human primates HBsAg-positive saliva results in infection only if preceded by...References1. REINERJUDSONBONDFRANCISPETERSEN NFWDN. Asymptomatic rectal mucosal lesions and hepatitis B surface antigen at sites of sexual contact in homosexual men with persistent hepatitis B virus infection. Evidence forde facto parenteral transmission. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:170-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCOTTSCHNEIDERSNITBHANKARWACKI RRRJ. Factors relating to transmission of viral hepatitis in a United States military population stationed in Thailand. Am J Epidemiol. 1981;113:520-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BANCROFTSNITBHANSCOTT WRR. Transmission of hepatitis B virus to gibbons by exposure to human saliva containing hepatitis B surface antigen. J Infect Dis. 1977;135:79-85. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SCOTTSNITBHANBANCROFTALTERTINGPALAPONG RRWHM. Experimental transmission of hepatitis B virus by semen and saliva. J Infect Dis. 1980;142:67-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KRUGMANGILESHAMMOND SJJ. Infectious hepatitis: evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection. JAMA. 1967;200:365-73. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Clinical Approach to the Male Homosexual Patient 1 July 1982Volume 97, Issue 1Page: 147-147KeywordsHepatitis AHepatitis B virusHeterosexualsHomosexualsSaliva Issue Published: 1 July 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Preoperative gefitinib versus gefitinib and anastrozole in postmenopausal patients with oestrogen-receptor positive and epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-positive primary breast cancer: a double-blind placebo-controlled phase II randomised trial
Authors: Andreas Polychronis, H Dudley Sinnett, Dimitri Hadjiminas, Hemant Singhal, Janine L Mansi, Dharsha Shivapatham, Sami Shousha, Jie Jiang, David Peston, Nigel Barrett, David Vigushin, Ken Morrison, Emma Beresford, Simak Ali, Martin J Slade, R Charles Coombes
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2005)
A Painless Burn Due to Lack of Painkillers
Authors: María Rico, César Ramón, Elena Santamarta, Julio Pascual, Germán Morís
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

A 35-year-old black man, an immigrant from Nigeria who had been living in Spain for 6months, complained of progressive burning pain on the right side of his chest and weakness on the ipsilateral leg for 1 year. Until recently, he had been using hot water to relieve his severe chest pain because he did not have painkillers. A 15-cm scar due to a burn injury was evident on physical examination (Figure 1). A neurological examination revealed a suspended decrease in pain and temperature perception between T3 and T10 dermatomes, and light touch and vibration sensation decreased in the lower limbs and exaggerated deep tendon reflexes in both legs without Babinski sign. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed an 8-cm intraspinal mass on the cervicodorsal region, which presented as a heterogeneous enhancement after the administration of a contrast agent, and a syringomyelic cavity (Figure 2). A histopathological examination established the diagnosis of ependymoma.
NG-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibits the blood flow but not the insulin-like response of forearm muscle to IGF- I: possible role of nitric oxide in muscle protein synthesis.
Authors: D A Fryburg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

In human skeletal muscle, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts both growth hormone-like (increase in protein synthesis) and insulin-like (decrease in protein degradation and increase in glucose uptake) actions and augments forearm blood flow two- to threefold. This study was designed to address whether (a) the increase in blood flow due to IGF-I could be blocked by an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase; and (b) the metabolic actions of IGF-I were altered by use of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Forearm blood flow, glucose, lactate, oxygen, nitrite, and phenylalanine balances and phenylalanine kinetics were studied in a total of 17 healthy, adult volunteers after an overnight fast in two different protocols. In protocol 1, after basal samples IGF-I was infused alone for 4 h with samples repeated during the last 30 min. After the 4-h sample period, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) was infused into the brachial artery for 2 h to bring flow back to baseline and repeat samples were taken (6 h). In response to IGF-I alone, forearm blood flow rose from 3.8 +/- 1.0 (bas) to 7.9 +/- l.9 (4 h) ml/min/100 ml (P < 0.01) and was reduced back to baseline by L-NMMA at 6 h (P < 0.01). In protocol 1, IGF-I alone increased forearm nitrite release at 4 h (P < 0.03), which was reduced back to baseline by L-NMMA at 6 h (P < 0.05). Despite the reduction in flow with L-NMMA, IGF+L-NMMA yielded increases in glucose uptake (P < 0.005), lactate release (P < 0.04), oxygen uptake (P < 0.01), and a positive shift in phenylalanine balance (P < 0.01) due to both an increase in muscle protein synthesis (P < 0.02) and a decrease in protein degradation (P < 0.03). In protocol 2, L-NMMA was coinfused with IGF-I for 6 h, with the dose titrated to keep blood flow +/- 25% of baseline. Coinfusion of L-NMMA restrained blood flow to baseline and also yielded the same, significant metabolic effects, except that no significant increase in muscle protein synthesis was detected. These observations suggest: (a) that IGF-I increases blood flow through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism; (b) that total blood flow does not affect the insulin-like response of muscle to IGF-I; and (c) that nitric oxide may be required for the protein synthetic (growth hormone-like) response of muscle to IGF-I.
The Decision to Biopsy, Treat, or Wait in Suspected Herpes Encephalitis
Authors: MICHAEL BARZA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The availability of vidarabine for the therapy of suspected herpes simplex encephalitis presents a difficult decision for a physician as to whether to do brain biopsy, to treat blindly, or to withhold specific therapy in a patient. The choice is made more difficult because the physician must weigh four likelihoods simultaneously: namely, of the disease, of a life-threatening complication from biopsy, of a beneificial effect from vidarabine, and of a serious adverse effect from the drug. Using decision analysis, we have derived a series of threshold probabilities whereby the physician can select his own estimates of these likelihoods to arrive at a rational approach to management. When reasonable assessments are made of the risks of biopsy and of vidarabine therapy, brain biopsy is likely to be the optimal approach in the majority of patients suspected of having herpes simplex encephalitis.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Selenium
Authors: Klaus Schwarz
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a High Selenium Environment" by Kilness and Hochberg (237:2843,1977) and in a subsequent publicity release by the American Medical Association, it was implied that excessive toxic amounts of selenium were the cause for a cluster of four cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which occurred in a highly seleniferous, sparsely populated region of South Dakota within a ten-mile radius from each other. I would like to point out that clusters of ALS occur elsewhere in areas with normal or low selenium levels in the geochemical environment. It cannot be concluded from the available evidence that a high intake of selenium is a cause or<i>the</i>cause of ALS. The most frequently occurring error in scientific logic is the assumption that two phenomena that occur side by side may be, or must be, connected with each other as cause and effect.
ON THE RELATION OF THE SIZE OF THE INTRAINTESTINAL POOL OF ENDOTOXIN TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF IRREVERSIBILITY IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
Authors: T. Wiznitzer, F. B. Schweinburg, N. Atkins, J. Fine
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1960)

Additional evidence is presented affirming the role of the intestinal pool of endotoxin in producing irreversibility in prolonged hemorrhagic shock. The fact that coliform-free rabbits tolerate exposure to a degree and duration of hemorrhagic shock which is lethal for rabbits that possess the normal flora, and that these tolerant rabbits lose their tolerance when E. coli are introduced into the gut several hours before inducing shock, demonstrate the critical importance of the size of the pool of endotoxin. That there is a proportionality between the size of the pool of endotoxin and the tolerance of hemorrhagic shock is suggested by the survival rate of several series of coliform-free rabbits fed E. coli by gavage. The rate was less the more firmly the E. coli were reestablished in the flora. The presence of the usual number of coliform bacteria in the intestinal flora does not mean the presence of the usual amount of endotoxin in these bacteria. The amount of endotoxin depends not only on the size of the population, but also, as our own experience demonstrates, on the particular ecological factors extant at any particular time which govern the amount of endotoxin elaborated by any given strain or strains of coliform bacteria.
Heat wave triggers political conflict as French death rates rise
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Dr Lucien Abenhaim, director general for health in the French government, resigned this week in the wake of a conflict over the death toll triggered by the recent heat wave. More than 3000, and possibly as many as 5000, deaths have been caused by the heat.

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Sunbathers at Paris's artificial beach, set up by the city authorities throughout August

Credit: FRANCOIS GUILLOT/AFP/GETTY IMAGES

The heat related death rate in France has been much higher than in any other country in the European …

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Controversy Continued — Medical Manpower — Ironical Noise
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE uneasy truce between the Government and the general practitioners of Britain is to continue, and further negotiations are to take place to narrow the gap between the views of the Minister and those of the medical profession.Under the threat of a mass withdrawal from the family-doctor service, the Minister has already spent two months in hard and realistic negotiation with representatives of the profession, and it appeared at first that the doctors had won a resounding victory.The Minister seemed to have accepted most of the demands set out in the charter for general practice published by the . . .
Where now for Career focus?
Authors: D. Carnall
Journal: BMJ (1999)

One of the great satisfactions of editing Career focus is looking back over the archive and marvelling at the diverse range of activities that people with a medical degree can get involved in. Medicine is truly a broad church, and it is one of the tenets of Career focus that dissatisfied doctors have yet to find a niche or working pattern that suits them. We reasoned that better information could only help in that process,.1 although, of course, articles alone do not supply the proactive approach necessary to achieve the balance between ambition and lifestyle that each doctor must achieve.

About a third of articles arrive spontaneously; the rest are commissioned, often as a result of a response to a reader's inquiry. Many can be published with minimal editing. When this is not so, and the idea is a good one, our approach has been to nurture the article through the revision process rather than reject it outright. Our regular readership surveys suggest that you enjoy the section: a third of the BMJ' s readership read it every week or most weeks, and a further third read it sometimes or occasionally.

Career focus has unashamedly pursued an agenda that promotes maximum choice and information for the individual and equal opportunities for all, both areas which have been in short supply in the British medical profession. Editorially, the section has been a little different too.

Firstly, there is no such a thing as the definitive article on any career topic: it would have been a mistake, for example, to commission articles on careers in a particular specialty only from the appropriate royal college. Often the best person to write about a specialty is an active member of such an organisation, but much of …
Mechanisms of Hypertension Associated with Obesity
Authors: HARRIET P. DUSTAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Epidemiologic studies suggest that obesity is a major factor in hypertension in industrialized societies. Possible mechanisms for this association include elevated cardiac output, increased body sodium due to hyperinsulinemia or abnormal aldosterone/renin relationships, and neuroendocrine abnormalities due to increased noradrenergic activity or opiate suppression. Although cardiac output and plasma volume of obese hypertensive patients are not different from what is found in non-obese persons when expressed in relation to body surface area, these results are from cross-sectional studies and do not relate to the effects of weight gain on arterial pressure. The role of hyperinsulinemia and that of other endocrine or neuroendocrine abnormalities have not been studied extensively enough for the association to be proved.
Robert Mandell Stirland
Authors: S. Wright
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant in microbiology/bacteriology Manchester Royal Infirmary (b Cambridge 1930; q Cambridge 1953; MA, MD, FRCPath), died from stomach cancer on 7 July 2002. 

After house jobs and national service in the army, he worked at Manchester Royal Infirmary as lecturer in clinical bacteriology. Here he remained as consultant from 1963 to 1990. Bob was dean of postgraduate medical studies 1978-82 at the university medical school. He was a meticulous keeper of records and gathered together a collection of papers regarding the development of bacteriology in Manchester from the 1880s. On retirement he lived mainly in Cyprus, where his love of botany and photography kept him well occupied. He leaves a wife, Eileen; four children (from his previous marriage); and seven grandchildren.
Arterial remodeling in left main coronary disease: proof from serial volumetric intravasculer ultrasound studies
Authors: A. Shiran, G.S. Mintz, T. Kimura, M. Nobuyoshi, B. Oljaca, K.M. Kent, A.D. Pichard, L.F. Satler, M.B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Guidelines for Computer Modeling of Diabetes and Its Complications
Authors: Richard Kahn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

As Bagust and McEwan (1) indicate, diabetes models are being used for a variety of purposes, such as patient management, public health policy, and economic evaluation. Potential “end-users” of the results from modeling studies turn to this technology largely because evidence from empirical studies is lacking and cannot be easily or quickly obtained .

As our consensus statement points out, if the results from modeling studies are to be believed, the end-user must have confidence that the model itself “accurately and reliably” represents the real world, in which the subsequent modeling study …
Etiological Aspects of Squamous Cancers of the Head and Neck
Authors: Ernest L. Wynder
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Malignant tumors of the buccal cavity, pharynx, and larynx contributed to 4.5% of the deaths among males and 1.4% of the deaths among females from cancer in the United States in 1967. In this review, we are limiting the discussion to squamous cell cancers of these sites because, except for the vocal cord and lip, the epidemiological background of this group of cancers is similar. <h3>Incidence.—</h3> Unlike lung cancer, the incidence rate of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck region has been comparatively stable in recent years. The reason for the difference in the incidence of these two types of cancer could be that patients with lung cancer are mainly cigarette smokers while squamous cell cancers of the mouth, pharynx, and extrinsic larynx are about as commonly related to cigar and pipe smoking as to cigarette smoking.<sup>3,4</sup> During the last 30 to 40 years, there appears to
Aphasiology and Other Aspects of Language
Authors: Kenneth R. Magee
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This work brings together the author's writings, both published and unpublished, covering a 20-year period in the development of aphasiology. The book is fascinating, and the author's abiding interest in fundamental language phenomena is evident in every page. It is important to note the complete title:<i>Aphasiology and Other Aspects of Language</i>. This is in no sense a basic or clinical text concerned with aphasia as such. It is a philosophic and historical analysis of the<i>study</i>of aphasia, with emphasis on linguistics in the broadest sense. The work as a whole synthesizes a body of information and opinion and contributions from many sources, with more questions than answers, and more challenges than achievements. Therefore, it should be judged as literature as well as scientific exposition. The color and vigor that mark creative writing are present in abundance. For example, the 16-page chapter on nomenclature and definitions can only confuse