tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Error in Anti-DNA Antibody Radioimmunoassay after Gallium Scanning
Authors: DENNIS TORRETTI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Significant interference with the accurate measurement of anti-DNA antibodies occurs after gallium-67 scanning. The observed effect is dependent on the radioimmunoassay used. False-negative results are observed with a modified Farr assay whereas false-positive results are noted in the millipore filter assay. These spurious values are the result of persistent radioactivity in the patients' sera after administration of 67Ga citrate.
Lung Parasite Ova Granuloma Mimicking Lung Malignancy on FDG PET-CT
Authors: Pan-Fu Kao, Thomas Chang-Yao Tsao, Kuang-Tai Kuo, Chung-Tai Yue, Kung-Rong Lim, Yu-Hsiang Chou
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 60-year-old lady with mild fever, blood tinged sputum, and a left upper lung mass had whole body F-18 2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-computer tomography (CT) for cancer staging. The PET-CT imaging revealed FDG accumulation in the left upper lung lesion. The histopathology of the left upper lobe lung resection showed a parasite tunnel with necrosis, parasite ova, and foreign body giant cells. After surgery, eosinophiles in the peripheral blood dropped from 20% of white cell counts before operation to 5.5% at 7 weeks postoperation.
A comparative radiographic and pathological study of intestinal vaso-architecture in Crohn's disease and in ulcerative colitis
Authors: F. Brahme, C. Lindstrom
Journal: Gut (1970)

Vascular changes were seen in specimens with lesions of Crohn's disease as well as in ulcerative colitis. In Crohn's disease, the vasculature in the bowel wall was rearranged secondary to thickening of the intestinal coats. An anatomical relationship was often found between the ulcers and the point where arteries break through the muscularis propria. The vasculature was markedly increased in areas with deep ulcers and transmural inflammation, but in areas with only small ulcers and mild inflammatory reaction vascular changes were barely discernible or absent. Occlusive vascular changes were uncommon and not visible in the radiographs. In active ulcerative colitis hypervascularity was more marked than in Crohn's disease, but was confined to the mucosa and adjacent parts of the submucosa. In ;burnt-out' atrophy vascularity was not increased and only minor changes in the submucosal arteries were observed. The observations did not suggest that the vascular alterations are of primary importance for the formation of lesions in either disease.
Antiviral antibody-producing cells in parenchymatous organs during persistent virus infection.
Authors: D Moskophidis, J Löhler, F Lehmann-Grube
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

In mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), the parenchymatous organs contain infiltrates of mononuclear cells, the sizes and numbers of which vary between strains and become more numerous and extensive when the animals grow older. Histologically, these were found to possess a tissue-like structure, and by use of immunohistologic procedures they were shown to contain plasma cells secreting IgM and IgG. Cells of kidneys, livers, brains, and spleens of LCMV carrier mice were dispersed by digestion with trypsin, leukocytes were separated by density gradient centrifugation, and numbers of cells producing antibodies against LCMV were determined by use of a solid-phase immunoenzymatic technique. In all these organs, cells producing LCMV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies were demonstrated, the latter more numerous than the former. Their numbers correlated with numbers and extent of the lymphoid cell infiltrates. The blood of the same mice was essentially free of antiviral antibody-forming cell. The proportion of cells producing LCMV-specific antibodies to all cells producing Ig of any specificity varied between organs, being lowest in spleen, intermediate in liver and kidney, and highest in the brain, where in individual mice up to 90% of all active cells produced virus-specific antibodies. The LCMV carrier mouse should prove to be a useful animal model to investigate antibody production in parenchymatous organs during persistent virus infections.
DIVERSE PATTERNS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Arnt Kristen, Fabian aus dem Sieben, Katrin Scherer, Rebekka Kammerer, Sebastian Buss, Evangelos Giannitsis, Hugo A. Katus, Henning Steen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
THE LYMPHATIC STATUS OF HAMSTER CHEEK POUCH TISSUE IN RELATION TO ITS PROPERTIES AS A GRAFT AND AS A GRAFT SITE
Authors: Clyde F. Barker, R. E. Billingham
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Hamster cheek pouch skin, transplanted to the side of an isogenic host's chest wall, retains its immunologically privileged status as evidenced by the prolonged survival of inlaid homografts of ordinary skin. Various findings sustain the premise that exemption from rejection by otherwise susceptible homografts in both intact pouch tissue and in established pouch skin isografts is due to an impediment in the afferent pathway of the immunologic reflex, i.e., to deficient lymphatic drainage. Although lymphatics were not apparent when dye was injected into pouch skin grafts or into grafts of ordinary skin sustained by them, lymph vessels were readily and consistently revealed by dye injected into intact trunk skin or established isografts of trunk skin. When suspensions of viable lymph node cells from specifically sensitized parental strain donors were injected superficially into either the intact skin or established grafts of normal skin on F1 hybrid hamsters, a striking hypertrophy of the regional lymph nodes occurred, due to graft-versus-host reactivity. However, similar cell suspensions inoculated into intact pouch tissue or into pouch skin grafts on F1 hamsters incited no regional lymphadenopathy, indicating the lack of appropriate pathways to the nodes. When skin homografts were inlaid eccentrically into pouch skin isografts, so that they were in contact with host skin at one edge, rejection occurred. Furthermore, rejection of long-established intrapouch skin homografts resulted if the hosts received: (a) small homografts of ordinary skin transplanted to conventional beds; (b) suspensions of donor strain pouch skin epidermal cells, injected intracutaneously; (c) lymph node cells from specifically sensitized donors of the same strain, i.e. adoptive immunization; or, (d) if a portion of the target homograft's perimeter was surgically approximated to body skin. Treatment of normal hamsters with two closely spaced pulses of ALS, although only marginally effective in prolonging the lives of homografts of trunk skin, enabled pouch skin homografts to survive for very long periods. The influence of this brief treatment with immunosuppressant was still demonstrable if challenge of hosts with the weakly immunogenic pouch skin homografts was delayed for 100 days.
Dissecting the bulge in hair regeneration
Authors: Peggy Myung, Mayumi Ito
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

The adult hair follicle houses stem cells that govern the cyclical growth and differentiation of multiple cell types that collectively produce a pigmented hair. Recent studies have revealed that hair follicle stem cells are heterogeneous and dynamic throughout the hair cycle. Moreover, interactions between heterologous stem cells, including both epithelial and melanocyte stem cells, within the hair follicle are just now being explored. This review will describe how recent findings have expanded our understanding of the development, organization, and regeneration of hair follicle stem cells. At a basic level, this review is intended to help construct a reference point to integrate the surge of studies on the molecular mechanisms that regulate these cells.
Spontaneous Tumors in C3H-Avy and C3H-AvyfB Mice: High Incidence in the United States and Low Incidence in Australia
Authors: J. R. Sabine, B. J. Horton, M. B. Wicks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

C3H-Avy and C3H-AvyfB mice, with a virtual 100% incidence of liver and mammary tumors in the United States, had an almost 0% incidence of these tumors when these mice were bred and reared in Australia, particularly after the first generation. C3H-Avy mice, when reared in Australia but provided with U.S. Feed and bedding (cedar shavings), also had essentially a 100% incidence of mammary tumors. Although our results did not rule out other possibilities, the implication of cedar as a “carcinogenic” agent was quite clear-cut. These observations, although not yet made on large numbers of mice, provide new parameters for the study and understanding of the development of spontaneous mammary and liver cancer in mice.
Abstract 1015: P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and viability of lung cancer cells from never or light smoker patients
Authors: David Planchard, Jean-Charles Soria, Nicolas Dorvault, Valérie Camara-Clayette, Pierre Fouret
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Expression levels of DNA repair proteins and activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) may differ according to smoking status. We investigated whether P38 MAPK activity contributed to the viability and sensitivity to cisplatin of lung cancer cells lines from never or light smokers and to ERCC1 mRNA expression. Methods: Activated P38 MAPK was tested by means of immunohistochemistry as a predictor of ERCC1 levels in 117 lung adenocarcinomas. Cell viability of NCI-H1975, NCI-H1793, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1651 was measured after treatment with the P38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 and cisplatin. The role of P38α (MAPK14), P38β (MAPK11) isoforms and ERCC1 was evaluated using ARN interference. ERCC1 mRNA was measured by quantitative PCR. Results: ERCC1 protein expression was predicted by activated P38 MAPK in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. The P38 specific inhibitor SB202190 induced a strong decrease (P&amp;lt;0.01) in cell viability of NCI-H1975 (43%) and NCI-H1650 (63%) compared to control. When SB202190 was combined with cisplatin, cell viability decreased (P&amp;lt;0.01) in every cell line including cisplatin resistant NCI-H1793. The combination of drugs reduced cell viability more than cisplatin (P&amp;lt;0.01) for NCI-H1793, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1651, and it was synergistic for NCI-H1793 and NCI-H1651. Genetic inhibition targeting both MAPK11 and MAPK14 reduced the viability of every cell line (P&amp;lt;0.01) with a dose-response for three of them. The decrease in cell viability with genetic inhibition at 25 nM was higher (P&amp;lt;0.01) than with cisplatin for NCI-H1793 (67% vs. 35%) and NCI-H1650 (55% vs. 38%). In separate experiments, MAPK11 downregulation reduced viability of every cell line (P&amp;lt;0.01), while MAPK14 downregulation reduced viability of NCI-H1651. The effect of cisplatin was higher after MAPK11 downregulation for NCI-H1651 and after MAPK14 downregulation for NCI-H1650. In addition, both SB202190 and MAPK11 inhibition reduced excision repair cross-complementing 1 mRNA levels. Conclusion: lung cancer cells from never or light smokers rely on P38 MAPK signaling for their survival whether or not they harbor EGFR mutations. MAPK11 is involved in that pathway and might contribute to ERCC1 expression. Sensitization to cisplatin can be achieved by pharmacological inhibition of P38 MAPK signaling in some lung cancer models from never smokers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1015. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1015
B Cell-Specific Deletion of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp1 Promotes B-1a Cell Development and Causes Systemic Autoimmunity
Authors: Lily I. Pao, Kong-Peng Lam, Joel M. Henderson, Jeffery L. Kutok, Marat Alimzhanov, Lars Nitschke, Matthew L. Thomas, Benjamin G. Neel, Klaus Rajewsky
Journal: Immunity (2007)
TCT-735 Can we Predict Post-Procedural Paravalvular Leak After Edwards Sapien Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation?
Authors: Yusuke Watanabe, Bertrand Cormier, Thierry Lefevre, Erik Bouvier, Kentaro Hayashida, Bernard Chevalier, Mauro Romano, Thomas Hovasse, Philippe Garot, Patrick Donzeau-Gouge, Arnaud Farge, Marie-Claude Morice
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Proteolipid Protein Is Necessary in Peripheral as Well as Central Myelin
Authors: James Y Garbern, Franca Cambi, Xue-Ming Tang, Anders A.F Sima, Jean Michel Vallat, E.Peter Bosch, Richard Lewis, Michael Shy, Jasloveleen Sohi, George Kraft, Ke Lian Chen, Indira Joshi, Debra G.B Leonard, William Johnson, Wendy Raskind, Stephen R Dlouhy, Victoria Pratt, M.Edward Hodes, Thomas Bird, John Kamholz
Journal: Neuron (1997)

Alternative products of the proteolipid protein gene (PLP), proteolipid protein (PLP) and DM20, are ma- jor components of compact myelin in the central nervous system, but quantitatively minor constituents of Schwann cells. A family with a null allele of PLP has a less severe CNS phenotype than those with other types of PLP mutations. Moreover, individuals with PLP null mutations have a demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, not seen with other PLP mutations of humans or animals. Direct analysis of normal peripheral nerve demonstrates that PLP is localized to compact myelin. This and the clinical and pathologic observations of the PLP null phenotype indicate that PLP/DM20 is necessary for proper myelin function both in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Differences in the Contribution of the <i>CTLA4</i> Gene to Susceptibility to Fulminant and Type 1A Diabetes in Japanese Patients
Authors: Eiji Kawasaki, Akihisa Imagawa, Hideichi Makino, Miho Uga, Norio Abiru, Toshiaki Hanafusa, Yasuko Uchigata, Katsumi Eguchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To examine the contribution of the CTLA4 gene in the susceptibility to fulminant type 1 diabetes and compare it with classic type 1A diabetes.We genotyped the +49G>A and CT60G>A variants of the CTLA4 gene in fulminant type 1 diabetic patients (n = 55), classic type 1A diabetic patients (n = 91), and healthy control subjects (n = 369). We also assessed serum levels of the soluble form of CTLA4 (sCTLA4).The +49GG and CT60GG genotypes were associated with type 1A diabetes (P < 0.001). In contrast, the CT60AA genotype, but not the +49G>A variation, was associated with fulminant type 1 diabetes (P < 0.05), especially in patients carrying HLA-DR4 (P < 0.01). Serum levels of sCTLA4 were significantly decreased in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes (P < 0.05).These results suggest that CTLA4 CT60 affects the genetic susceptibility to fulminant type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, the contribution of CTLA4 to disease susceptibility is distinct between fulminant type 1 diabetes and classic type 1A diabetes.
The foot in chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E Vidigal, R K Jacoby, A S Dixon, A H Ratliff, J Kirkup
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

The feet of 200 consecutive admissions with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were studied. 104 were found to have pain or deformity. Clinical involvement of the joints was seen more often than radiological joint damage in the ankle, but the reverse was the case in the midtarsal joints. The metatarsophalangeal joints were involved most frequently both clinically and radiologically. Sixty per cent of the patients required modified shoes but only a third of these had received them. The need for more shoes is clear, and although this is a highly selected group of patients they were all under specialist care. The increased expenditure on special footwear would benefit the patient, firstly by improving ambulation, and secondly perhaps by reducing the number of operations necessary. Hallux valgus was very common and occurred with similar frequency to disease in the other metatarsophalangeal joints. Although not exclusive to rheumatoid arthritis, hallux valgus must have been caused for the most part by the rheumatoid arthritis and if so, then it is suggested that the provision of suitable shoes for patients may be less costly than subsequent surgical treatment.
On the Etiology and Treatment of a Certain form of Endometritis: Accompanied with Very Tenacious Leucorrh a
Authors: C. H. F. Routh
Journal: BMJ (1882)

7OURNAL41£ method is to remove as much of the diseased mass as is deemed pru- dent, with either the Icrasturor the curette, or both combined, and then to apply either the liquor fern perchloridi fortior, the persulphate of iron, or the actual cautery.Much may be done in these distresing cases to postpone the evil day, and lessen the amount of suffering consequent upon the exhaustion from repeated hoemorrhages, by timely assistance.It is no reason why the patient should be left to die miserably, unrelieved by art, because the nature of the malady his been recognised to be one which at present baffles our efforts to cure it, unless complete extirpation of the uterus, by abdominal or vaginal incision, can be regarded as a cure.Mr. AMORRIS and Dr. THOMAS DUTTON (Sidlesham) remarked on the possibility of vaginal examinations in the unmarried becoming too frequent, and spoke of the difficulties that stood in the way of younger practitioners in dealing with uterine cases.Dr. ROUTII (London) thought that perhaps country practitioners were too chary of examining their cases.Of course, promiscuous exa- mination was wrong.But, in his experience, many ladies, married and unmarried, came to town with uterine disease, declaring that they had suffered for years, and had found their medical attendants unwilling to make an examination.He had not unfrequently met with polypus or epithelioma, which might have been prevented or cured had an earlier examination been made.Dr. WALLACE (Liverpool) said his experience was not in accordance with Dr. Routh's.The patients who consulted him (Dr.Wallace) bad almost invariably been examined, and their cases diagnosed, by their own medical attendants.Ile considered that, when an examination was called for, it was by no means a good plan to ask permission; permission should be taken for granted.Dr. EDIs, in reply, stated that, practically, it would be found that very few cases of severe menorrbagia occurred in young girls, and therefore the question of submitting them to examination was seldom presented; but, where menorrhagia persisted, in spite ofall ordinary reme- dies, the fact of a patient being single should not deter us from ascer- taining the nature of the disorder.If menorrhagia were regarded, not as a disease, but as merely a symptom, and the exciting cause of this were carefully investigated, we should more frequently succeed in arresting h.emorrhage.
Education and experience improve transbronchial needle aspiration performance.
Authors: E F Haponik, J O Cappellari, R Chin, N E Adair, M Lykens, P T Alford, D L Bowton
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

To determine whether the diagnostic yield of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) improves over time and to obtain insights about factors influencing its performance, we reviewed our experience during a 3-yr period. After serial multifaceted educational interventions directed toward bronchoscopists and their technical staff, TBNA yield increased significantly from 21.4 to 47.6% (p < 0.001). More frequent and more detailed notations in bronchoscopy reports (p < 0.05), a lower frequency of cytopathology specimens contaminated by endobronchial material (p < 0.05), and higher yields in patients with small cell carcinoma (p < 0.01) suggested that bronchoscopists' TBNA proficiency had increased. More frequent diagnoses with small cell carcinoma and fewer cytologically unsatisfactory specimens (p < 0.01) suggested that education of bronchoscopy technicians, and use of a direct smear technique for specimen preparation also contributed to improved TBNA yield. Increased experience with TBNA and focused education regarding its performance can enhance the role of this procedure in diagnosis and staging of patients with lung cancer.
CONSORT: An Evolving Tool to Help Improve the Quality of Reports of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: David Moher
Journal: JAMA (1998)

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Diverticular disease in Kenyan Africans.
Authors: G Harverson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

28 % oxygen, her PaO2 was 20-22 kPa and PaCO2 4-5 kPa.Prior to her return to the ward she was started on aminophylline suppositories 360 mg twice daily, prednisolone 20 mg twice daily, salbutamol, and becotide inhalers.Three days later she had three grand mal seizures within one hour, commencing on the right side of her body.Intravenous diazepam (10 mg) given after the first seizure did not prevent the two further attacks.Treatment with aminophylline suppositories was stopped and no further fits occurred.An electro- encephalogram on the following day was normal.In children, convulsions have followed the rectal administration of aminophylline,l but this effect has rarely been described in adults.Absorption from suppositories is unpre- dictable.2In adults convulsions have occurred following intravenous administration.:The patient described above was given 720 mg/day =0-8 mg aminophylline/kg/h for three days.It has been recommended that adults with severe asthma should be given no more than 1 g/day of aminophylline intravenously,4 or no more than 0-9 mg/kg/h.5This case illustrates the danger of aminophylline suppositories and prolonged treatment at high doses.We suggest that this drug should be prescribed by weight at specified intervals rather than in terms of the number of tablets or suppositories, particularly in small adults.