tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Receiving new patients' notes from FHSAs.
Authors: J Beaven, L Massey, C West
Journal: BMJ (1993)

In the laboratory we have shown hypertension in the common femoral vein in a pig undergoing laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication.When pneumoperitoneum was established, the femoral venous pressure rose from 4 mmHg to 9 mmHg.With duplex Doppler scanning of the common femoral vein in humans we have shown a considerable reduction in peak blood flow velocity and shortening of the flow cycle during the respiratory phase on two occasions, with a return to normal venous blood flow characteristics on removal of the intraperitoneal gas.These cases highlight the potential for thromboembolism with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Our early experimental work suggests that the aetiology may be increased venous stasis caused by the raised intra-abdominal pressure associated with pneumoperitoneum.Also, these procedures, in contrast to gynaecological laparoscopy, are performed in the reverse Trendelenberg position, which would compound any venous stasis already present.Further work must be performed to document the incidence and aetiology of deep venous throm- bosis and effective prophylaxis during prolonged therapeutic laparoscopy.Until these issues have been resolved all patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be regarded as at risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.They should have some intraoperative measure to reduce venous stasis of the lower limbs as well as routine preoperative and postoperative prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis.
Bronchopulmonary infection due to Branhamella catarrhalis.
Authors: D T McLeod, F Ahmad, J T Power, M A Calder, A Seaton
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Over six months Branhamella catarrhalis was isolated in pure culture from the sputum of 81 patients with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection. Of 38 patients who were infected in the community, over half required admission to hospital. The remaining 43 patients acquired the infection in hospital. Forty one of the 81 isolates produced beta-lactamase, 24 of these being hospital acquired infections. As a result 40% of patients who were treated with ampicillin did not respond. Most patients had chronic lung diseases or lung cancer or were taking corticosteroids. Three patients died and one required assisted ventilation; strains producing beta-lactamase were isolated in each case. Acute bronchitis developed in one previously healthy young non-smoker. It is concluded that B catarrhalis is an important pathogen of the lower respiratory tract which should be reported, and strains producing beta-lactamase should be identified. Otherwise, treatment with inappropriate antibiotics may result in increased morbidity or mortality.
IgG regulates the CD1 expression profile and lipid antigen-presenting function in human dendritic cells via FcγRIIa
Authors: Anna Smed-Sörensen, Markus Moll, Tan-Yun Cheng, Karin Loré, Anna-Carin Norlin, Leif Perbeck, D. Branch Moody, Anna-Lena Spetz, Johan K. Sandberg
Journal: Blood (2008)
Role of Nerve Growth Factor in Cutaneous Wound Healing: Accelerating Effects in Normal and Healing-impaired Diabetic Mice
Authors: Hiroshi Matsuda, Hiromi Koyama, Hiroaki Sato, Junko Sawada, Atsuko Itakura, Akane Tanaka, Masahiro Matsumoto, Katsuhiko Konno, Hiroko Ushio, Kuniko Matsuda
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Four full-thickness skin wounds made in normal mice led to the significant increase in levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in sera and in wounded skin tissues. Since sialoadenectomy before the wounds inhibited the rise in serum levels of NGF, the NGF may be released from the salivary gland into the blood stream after the wounds. In contrast, the fact that messenger RNA and protein of NGF were detected in newly formed epithelial cells at the edge of the wound and fibroblasts consistent with the granulation tissue produced in the wound space, suggests that NGF was also produced at the wounded skin site. Topical application of NGF into the wounds accelerated the rate of wound healing in normal mice and in healing-impaired diabetic KK/Ta mice. This clinical effect of NGF was evaluated by histological examination; the increases in the degree of reepithelialization, the thickness of the granulation tissue, and the density of extracellular matrix were observed. NGF also increased the breaking strength of healing linear wounds in normal and diabetic mice. These findings suggested that NGF immediately and constitutively released in response to cutaneous injury may contribute to wound healing through broader biological activities, and NGF improved the diabetic impaired response of wound healing.
Procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide in serum in idiopathic myelofibrosis and allied conditions: Relation to disease activity and effect of chemotherapy
Authors: H. Hasselbalch, P. Junker, K. Hørslev‐Petersen, I. Lisse, K. D. Bentsen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract The serum concentration of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) was measured serially in patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis and other myeloproliferative syndromes. Two different assays were applied, the RIA‐gnost assay (Hoechst, Frankfurt, FRG) and a new equilibrium RIA for the N‐terminal propeptide of human type III procollagen (Farmos Diagnostica, Oulu, Finland). A positive correlation was found between the results obtained by the two RIA's (rho = 0.90. P &lt; 0.001). The highest propeptide levels were recorded in patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis, particularly in those with active disease. Elevated serum PIIINP levels decreased during treatment with various cytotoxic drugs, including intensive chemotherapy. By contrast, serum PIIINP was unchanged or increased in patients undergoing interferon alpha‐2b therapy. Gel filtration of sera on Sephacryl S‐300 column (Pharmacia, Sweden) showed that smaller PIIINP related peptides dominated in healthy subjects and in osteomyelosclerosis with stable disease. Conversely, the relative proportion of intact propeptide increased in accelerating disease stages and acute myelofibrosis. In conclusion, the present study implicates serum PIIINP as a useful indicator of disease activity in idiopathic myelofibrosis. The propeptide also appears to be a sensitive sero‐marker of chemotherapy effect on fibrogenesis related to clonal myeloproliferation. Finally, the propeptide is suggested as an early predictor of relapse during cytotoxic therapy.
Targeting the RANKL Pathway: Putting the Brakes on Prostate Cancer Progression in Bone
Authors: Isla P. Garraway
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.50.1544 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 16, 2013 PMID: 24043735 Targeting the RANKL Pathway: Putting the Brakes on Prostate Cancer Progression in Bone Isla P. GarrawayxIsla P. GarrawaySearch for articles by this author Show More Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center; David Geffen School of Medicine; Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles; and Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.50.1544 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2013 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Oral Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemic Agents Prevent Ischemic Preconditioning in Human Myocardium
Authors: Joseph C. Cleveland, Daniel R. Meldrum, Brian S. Cain, Anirban Banerjee, Alden H. Harken
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Patients receiving oral hypoglycemic agents for diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Oral hypoglycemic agents are inhibitors of the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel. Ischemic preconditioning is mediated by KATP channel activation. We therefore hypothesized that myocardium from patients taking long-term oral hypoglycemic agents would be resistant to the protection by ischemic preconditioning.Isolated human right atrial trabeculae were suspended in an organ bath at 37 degrees C, with field stimulation at 1 Hz. Control trabeculae were then subjected to 45 minutes of simulated ischemia (hypoxic, glucose-free buffer with pacing at 3 Hz) and 120 minutes of reperfusion. Ischemic preconditioned (IPC) trabeculae from patients without oral hypoglycemic therapy and from patients taking insulin (Ins+IPC) were given 5 minutes of simulated ischemia before this injury. Trabeculae (Oral Hypo+IPC) were obtained from patients taking long-term oral hypoglycemic agents and were also exposed to 5 minutes of simulated ischemia before this injury. Developed force (DF) was recorded. Recovery of DF relative to preischemic values was 28 +/- 4% in control trabeculae, whereas IPC trabeculae showed 52 +/- 5% recovery (P < .05 versus control). In patients receiving long-term oral hypoglycemic agents (Oral Hypo+IPC), recovery of DF was 27 +/- 3%, but in trabeculae from insulin-treated patients (Ins+IPC), it was 45 +/- 6%.Human myocardium from patients without long-term exposure to oral hypoglycemic agents is functionally protected by preconditioning. Long-term oral hypoglycemic intake blocks the protection by preconditioning. These data suggest that ischemic preconditioning in human myocardium relies on KATP channels, and long-term inhibition of KATP channels with oral hypoglycemic agents may explain the excess cardiovascular mortality in these patients.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF FUCHSIN BODIES, WITH SPECIAL STAINING TECHNIQUE
Authors: W. H. Brown
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1910)

IN SUMMARIZING THE RESULTS OF THIS WORK I FEEL JUSTIFIED IN DRAWING THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS: 1. The fuchsin body represents a type of body subject to wide variations in morphology and in staining reaction. 2. Though more frequently associated with plasma cells than with any other cell type, these bodies may and do occur in a great variety of cells. 3. Further, certain sections show unmistakable fuchsin bodies within blood vessels; some of these bodies are true hyaline thrombi, while others are due to autolytic changes in the red blood corpuscles. 4. Fuchsin bodies are most numerous in granulation tissue and lymphoid areas. In the former, they follow closely the distribution of capillaries and show a parallel with the changes in the extra- and intravascular red blood corpuscles. 5. The number and type of fuchsin bodies in tissues can be influenced by methods of fixation, the number of typical bodies being inversely proportional to the rapidity and degree of fixation of the red blood cells. 6. The type of body found after the best fixation is not, as a rule, what is considered the typical form, but an irregular fragmentary type or the fuchsinophilic granular form. 7. The identity in staining reaction, the constant association with changes in red blood corpuscles, the relation to distribution of capillaries in granulation tissues, the occurrence in hemorrhagic lesions associated with pigment, the intravascular occurrence, and, finally, the close relation to pigment deposits, all indicate conclusively that fuchsin bodies arise from red blood corpuscles. 8. No theory of origin from plasma cells, or other granular cells, offers an adequate explanation for the origin of fuchsin bodies, nor can any theory prove adequate which does not take into account the red blood corpuscles. 9. The peculiar association of plasma cells with fuchsin bodies and hemosiderin seems explainable on the assumption that the plasma cell in such instances is the active factor in a metabolic process, the fuchsin body representing a stage in the metabolism of hemoglobin by an intracellular enzyme, and hemosiderin, one of the products of the process.
Sjogren's syndrome, vasculitis, and cryoglobulinaemia associated with a monoclonal IgM (kappa) paraprotein with rheumatoid factor activity.
Authors: S Fitzgerald, N P Hurst, P R Pannall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

A patient is described with primary Sjögren9s syndrome with an infrequently reported complication--vasculitis and cryoglobulinaemia due to a monoclonal IgM (kappa) paraprotein with rheumatoid factor activity. The clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Renal replacement treatment in patients with spina bifida or spinal cord injury.
Authors: G. S. Muralikrishna, R. S. Rodger, A. I. Macdougall, J. M. Boulton-Jones, M. E. Allison, K. F. Kyle, B. J. Junor, J. D. Briggs
Journal: BMJ (1989)

the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis.These findings and those in our previous report of normal erythrocyte zinc concentrations in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum2 show that the measurement of erythrocyte zinc concentration may be useful in distinguishing transient hyperthyroid states from established hyperthyroidism and might therefore be a valuable addition to the current range of thyroid function tests.Measurement of erythrocyte zinc concentration is fairly simple and provides information that cannot be obtained by conventional thyroid function tests.It may alert the clinician to the correct diagnosis, particularly in patients with "silent" thyroiditis with associated thyrotoxicosis, and therefore avoid inappropriate treatment.
Malignant Melanoma Arising at the Site of a Previously Excised Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevus
Authors: Carrie C. Coughlin, M. Laurin Council, Alejandro A. Gru, Ryan C. Fields, Susan J. Bayliss
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Congenital satellite nevi are known risk factors for neurocutaneous melanosis. 1Their impact on the risk for malignant melanoma is not as well established, but some studies point to a possible increased risk in patients with GCMN and satellite nevi. 1,3 In summary, our patient is an example of the need for continued dermatologic follow-up and high index of suspicion for new nodules appearing in patients with a history of GCMN.
773 SINGLE-CHAIN ANTIBODIES INHIBIT HCV INFECTIOUS VIRUS REPLICATION BY PROTEIN DELIVERY
Authors: T. Giterman-Galam, M. Gal-Tanamy, L. Bachmatov, M. Yi, S.M. Lemon, I. Benhar, R. Zemel, R. Tur-Kaspa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Post-operative Respiratory Complications in Service Cases
Authors: H. M. Bird, S. D. Kilner, D. J. Martin
Journal: BMJ (1943)

Many surgeons have objected to any ligation of the saphenous vein short of its junction with the femoral vein.Some have even stressed the necessity for ligating the small tributaries (superficial epigastric, etc.) that flow into .hevein at this level.In spite of these theoretical objections there is no doubt that ligation at a low level is effective.Is it permanent?Possibly not, but this slight procedure is so rapid and easy for both surgeon and patient that it is certainly worth doing, even though no lifetime guarantee is attached.In any case, we are living in times when it is probably wise to follow a short-term policy in such matters.If we can bring a man, and more especially a soldier, into a higher category for the duration of the war it is worth while.Summary A new and simple method is described for the complete sub- cutaneous ligature of varicose internal saphenous veins.It has the advantage that the operative treatment is complete at one sitting and that no incision is necessary.The treatment is ambulatory.
UK NHS: Less money (but more bangs per buck)?
Authors: J. Appleby
Journal: BMJ (2015)

John Appleby assesses whether NHS efficiency savings will meet the funding gap 

Over the 12 years from 1997 to 2009 total spending on the NHS across the UK doubled in real terms; from £61.5bn (€84bn; $95bn) to £122.9bn—an average annual increase after inflation of 5.5% (fig 1⇓).1 And then came the fallout from the combined blast of the global financial crisis and ensuing recession. Public spending in the UK has been severely squeezed, and although the NHS has been nominally protected from the deepest cuts of the government’s austerity programme, across the UK as a whole for the three years 2010 to 2012 its funding has been cut by 0.4% a year on average (fig 1⇓)—with the biggest real cuts in 2010 and 2011. This has led to a fall in NHS spending as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) from …
EYELASH DYE (LASH-LURE) DERMATITIS WITH CONJUNCTIVITIS
Authors: R. C. Jamieson
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The report by Greenbaum<sup>1</sup>of a case of dermatitis and conjunctivitis due to eyelash dye has prompted the addition of this case to those on record in which eyelash dye (in this case also Lash-Lure) was the excitant. The use of dyes on eyelids and eyebrows would seem to the public a simple and harmless procedure, but to the dermatologist even the most trifling and apparently innocuous agents must be considered as a possible cause in searching for the etiology in mild chronic cases of dermatitis about the eyes, face and neck in women. These cases are encountered more and more frequently, and each new cosmetic added to the already long list adds one more possible exciting agent. In Bab's<sup>2</sup>recent article he mentions a number of cosmetics and dyes used on eyelashes, eyebrows or skin which are known to produce dermatitis and even conjunctivitis. Henna also, which
Primary Prevention of Childhood Lead Poisoning — The Only Solution
Authors: John F. Rosen, Paul Mushak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Lead poisoning in children was first recognized in its severe acute form, known as lead encephalopathy.1 This condition is characterized by seizures, coma, and — not infrequently — death, and it is associated with severe neurologic sequelae in survivors. Although lead encephalopathy has become rare in the past 15 to 20 years, the dangers of clinically asymptomatic lead poisoning in children have become increasingly clear. Longitudinal studies of development from birth to adolescence show that irreversible cognitive damage can occur with blood lead levels considerably lower than those typically associated with overt symptoms.2,3 Recognition of this problem has led . . .
Association of placenta praevia and sex ratio at birth.
Authors: J L Mills, B I Graubard, M A Klebanoff
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Association of placenta praevia and sex ratio atbirthMacGillivray et al reported a significant increase in the proportion of male infants born to women with placenta praevia.'They concluded that late fertilisation may be a predisposing factor to placenta praevia because the male to female ratio is said to be increased when fertilisation occurs late in the menstrual cycle.2We undertook the present study to explore the relation between placenta praevia and sex, taking parity and other factors into account. Methods and resultsWe used data from the collaborative perinatal project and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-Kaiser Permanente birth defects study to determine the relation between placenta praevia and sex ratio.We were therefore able to look for the reported increase in male births in two independently collected samples and, by combining the two, increased our power to detect true differences in the sex ratio.The protocols of both, studies are described elsewhere.34The collaborative perinatal project was a prospective study conducted in 12 university centres during 1959-66.The birth defects study was a prospective perinatal study conducted at a large health maintenance organisation during 1974-7.Logistic regression was used to test for trend in sex ratio with increasing parity.
Toll-like receptor-4: Renal cells and bone marrow cells signal for neutrophil recruitment during pyelonephritis
Authors: Prashant S. Patole, Soren Schubert, Kirsten Hildinger, Sascha Khandoga, Andrej Khandoga, Stephan Segerer, Anna Henger, Matthias Kretzler, Melanie Werner, Fritz Krombach, Detlef Schlondorff, Hans-Joachim Anders
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Integrated Transcript and Genome Analyses Reveal NKX2-1 and MEF2C as Potential Oncogenes in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Irene Homminga, Rob Pieters, Anton W. Langerak, Johan J. de Rooi, Andrew Stubbs, Monique Verstegen, Maartje Vuerhard, Jessica Buijs-Gladdines, Clarissa Kooi, Petra Klous, Pieter van Vlierberghe, Adolfo A. Ferrando, Jean Michel Cayuela, Brenda Verhaaf, H. Berna Beverloo, Martin Horstmann, Valerie de Haas, Anna-Sophia Wiekmeijer, Karin Pike-Overzet, Frank J.T. Staal, Wouter de Laat, Jean Soulier, Francois Sigaux, Jules P.P. Meijerink
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Abstract 1127: Snail inhibits lung colonization and metastasis in luminal type A breast cancer cells
Authors: Shih-Pei Lin, Shih-Chieh Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in Western women. In these patients, it is not the primary tumor, but its metastases at distant sites that are the main cause of death. Breast cancer include five biologically distinct subgroups including Luminal A (ER+ ck8h/ck18h), Luminal B (ER+ ck8l/ck18l), Basal (ER- ck5+/ck17+) and ERBB2+ (ER- ERBB2+ GFRBP7+) and normal breast-like types. The time to distant metastasis and overall survive rate were distinct among these subgroups. Luminal type has the best prognosis, while basal type or ERBB2+ has the worst prognosis. What mechanism involves in this difference remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we demonstrated (1) Luminal type A tumor such as MCF7 when overexpressed with active mutant form of Snail gene increased in the expression of markers for epithelial mesenchymal transition such as Vimentin, N-cadherin and Fibronectin but decreased in the expression of E-cadherin compared to cells overexpressed with control vectors of wild type Snail gene. Moreover, these cells increased in the capacity of migration and invasion. (2) While, MCF7 overexpressed with active mutant form of Snail decreased in the ability to survive and form sphere in serum-free medium, the in vitro colonization, and were unable to metastasize to lung.Therefore, the elucidation of the differences in molecules or signaling pathways involve in controlling migration, invasion and distant metastasis may have a therapeutically beneficial effect on breast cancer treatment. Citation Format: Shih-Pei Lin, Shih-Chieh Hung. Snail inhibits lung colonization and metastasis in luminal type A breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1127. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1127
Consensus Development Conference on Antipsychotic Drugs and Obesity and Diabetes
Authors: Eugene J. Barrett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We appreciate the opportunity to comment on the letters that have been received in response to our recent consensus statement on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes.

Before addressing the specific issues raised in each of these letters, I think it is important to note why the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and other organizations produce consensus statements (1). As stated in our clinical practice recommendations, “the need for a consensus statement arises when clinicians or scientists desire guidance on a subject for which there is a relative deficiency of comprehensive evidence that might otherwise allow for a more definitive statement to be made.” Therefore, it should be noted that such statements represent the expert opinion of the panel based on the presentations they heard, the literature they reviewed, and the considerable discussion among panel members while writing the statement. If there was a reasonable number of randomized control trials on the subject, there would be no need for a consensus statement, but rather the associations would issue an official “Position Statement” or clinical guideline. Thus, a consensus statement can be viewed as an expert recommendation that often precedes more definitive recommendations …