tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter From Ipoh-Reply
Authors: Henry N. Wagner
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In Reply.—  In the testimony given at the trial in Ipoh, Malaysia, no evidence was presented to support the plaintiff's allegation that the surface radiation dose in drums containing 12% thorium dioxide was 0.1 mSv/h. A single surface radiation reading of 0.9 mSv/h at the top of a damaged drum was made by Professor Ichikawa, who entered the ARE plant grounds illegally accompanied by reporters from the Japanese press. To attribute neurological damage of the children of employees of the plant to the radiation from the drums is scientifically unacceptable.  The statement that the miscarriage rate doubled as a result of the operation of the plant is scientifically unsound because no control studies were performed. Furthermore, miscarriages could not have resulted from the radiation levels, even if one were to accept the levels alleged by the plaintiffs.  The high blood lead levels found in some of the children could not
Reduced collateral circulation to the infarct-related artery in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Toshiya Kurotobi, Hiroshi Sato, Kunihiro Kinjo, Daisaku Nakatani, Hiroya Mizuno, Masahiko Shimizu, Katsuji Imai, Atsushi Hirayama, Kazuhisa Kodama, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
New Zealand prostate cancer awareness programme is likely to increase unnecessary PSA testing, critics say
Authors: D. Brill
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A national prostate cancer awareness programme in New Zealand has been criticised for glossing over the harms of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing and of promoting population screening by the “back door.”

The $NZ4.3m (£2.2m; €2.6m; $US3.5m) scheme is intended to provide men with access to evidence based, high quality information to help them decide whether they need their prostate checked.1 Posters and patient information booklets were sent to every general practice in the country last month.

But the resources have prompted an angry reaction, including calls for doctors to boycott the programme outright.

Paul Corwin, a GP in the South Island town of …
Effect of Hypothermia on Oxygen Consumption and Energy Utilization of Heart
Authors: HENRY BADEER, Avedis Khachadurian
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

The oxygen uptake of the denervated dog's heart doing constant work in a modified HLP appears to vary logarithmically with temperature between 36 and 26 C. Under these conditions hypothermia increases the mechanical efficiency of the heart. It is concluded that cold does not interfere with the conversion of aerobic energy into useful work done by the myocardium.
The Validation of a Diabetes Patient Knowledge Test
Authors: George E Hess, Wayne K Davis
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Diabetes knowledge tests, used in conjunction with measures of patient attitudes and behaviors, can provide a useful basis for assessing educational needs and designing appropriate instructional experiences. Accurate decisions require instruments that measure patient knowledge of diabetes and its management with high reliability and validity. Data obtained from more than 950 administrations of two parallel forms of a Diabetes Patient Knowledge Test have provided documentation of patient knowledge levels, insight into the effectiveness of educational programs, and support for ongoing program revisions. These data have also allowed study of the psychometric properties of the test instruments, including factor structure, reliability, and validity. Each test form has an overall reliability of 0.89 and the forms are of equal difficulty. Five subcomponents (factors) labeled “Carbohydrates,” “Blood Sugar,” “Basics,” “Food Exchanges,” and “Insulin Administration” are measured in the tests. Evidence of content, construct, concurrent, and discriminant validity has been demonstrated.
Test for Esophageal Rupture
Authors: H. L. Popper
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  As one of the early reporters of a case of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus (Spontanruptur des Oesophagus,Med Klin29:810, 1933), I would like to add a remark to Levine and Kelley's paper in the Jan 25 issue ofThe Journal(191:343-345). I pointed out that the diagnosis of rupture of the esophagus can be made by testing the aspirated pleural fluid for hydrochloric acid because there is no other condition —with the possible exception of a perforated ulcer in a diaphragmatic hernia—where hydrochloric acid is found in the pleural fluid.
Old people not known to the general practitioner: low risk group.
Authors: E S Williams, N H Barley
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The elderly patients in a large general practice aged 75 and over who lived at home (n = 877) were divided into two groups according to the general practitioner's knowledge of their risk status and were designated "risk status known" (n = 679) and "risk status not known" (n = 198). Forty-three high risk patients in the risk status known group had a functional disability score and experience of mortality that was not dissimilar to those of elderly people in institutions. The medical and social characteristics of a random sample (n = 150) of the risk status known group, after excluding the high risk patients, were compared with the risk status not known group using a Barber Wallis questionnaire. A response rate of 90% was achieved from both groups and a cumulative risk score was calculated by totalling unfavourable replies to the questions. The risk status not known group, which comprised 14% of the patients who lived at home after correcting for the number who had died and moved, had appreciably less contact with the general practitioners, had an appreciably lower cumulative risk score, were confined at home less because of ill health, were less concerned about their health, and were less in need of nursing attention. The findings of this study suggest that the elderly patients who are not known to their general practitioners are in relatively good health when compared with the patients that the general practitioner knows well.
Endoscopic removal of giant Brunneroma presenting as a large pedunculated polyp
Authors: Y. Kim, I. Jung, G. Cheon, J. Cho, J. Lee, S. Jin, C. Shim
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 50-year-old man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of indigestion. The physical examination was unremarkable. Routine laboratory tests showed regular findings. Upper endoscopy revealed incidentally a huge pedunculated polyp on the posterior wall of the bulb of the duodenum (Figure [1]). Endoscopic ultrasonography showed that the submucosa projected up into the 11-mm thick stalk of the polyp.
Hepadnaviral hepatocarcinogenesis: in situ visualization of viral antigens, cytoplasmic compartmentation, enzymic patterns, and cellular proliferation in preneoplastic hepatocellular lineages in woodchucks
Authors: Svetlana Radaeva, Yanhua Li, Hans Jörg Hacker, Vera Burger, Annette Kopp-Schneider, Peter Bannasch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
The role of soluble growth factors in inducing transient growth and clonal extinction of stroma cell dependent erythroblastic leukemia cells
Authors: K Itoh, J Friel, C Laker, W Zeller, U Just, S Bittner, RJB Nibbs, PR Harrison, S-I Nishikawa, KJ Mori, W Ostertag
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
Lymphocytic-Choriomeningitis Virus Infection Traced to a Pet Hamster
Authors: Martin S. Hirsch, Robert C. Moellering, Harrison G. Pope, David C. Poskanzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis (LCM) virus is an infectious agent common to the house mouse (Mus musculus), but rarely transmitted to man. When man is infected, three major forms of illness are observed: one is a grippe-like illness, the second, meningitis, and the third, encephalitis.1 2 3 In recent years, outbreaks of human LCM-virus infection have also been traced to Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). In Germany, these infections have been traced to pet hamsters,4 , 5 whereas in the United States, outbreaks have been secondary to infections of hamsters used for experimental tumor research.6 7 8 The cases of LCM-virus transmission from pet hamster to man reported . . .
Dermal Leishmaniasis in British Honduras: Some Host-reservoirs of L. brasiliensis mexicana
Authors: R. Lainson, J. Strangways-Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Table I shows how the P,.F.R. can.be uspd as an objqctive mesure of a child's response to treatment.This patient is a chronic asthmatic on long-term steroid treatment.Clinical estimation of the degree of bronchospasm over a period of months is extremely difficult, and it is in cases such as these that an objective measurement is most valuable.TABLE I.-Patient's Age 6k.Normal P.F.R. 16Q± 50 1./min.1?ate Peak Flow.Rate 13 3'61 30 1./min.85''61
Gift of Life: The Social and Psychological Impact of Organ Transplantation
Authors: Robert E. McCabe
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Can the United States, the wealthiest nation in existence "afford to continue to develop new medical technologies? Should developments such as organ transplantation... be allowed to proceed?" These, among the many other sociological and ethical problems presented by the emergence of transplantation as a clinical specialty, form the material of the comprehensive scientific sociological study presented here. The authors, long associated with the largest, most active, and most eminently successful transplant teams in the world, had a wealth of material available to study the many aspects of renal transplantation. Chapters include the rehabilitation and the social-psychological adjustment of the posttransplant patient, the impact of the donor search, family stress in the search for a donor, and, most important, the cadaver donor. In their conclusions the authors examine health care provision issues and the tremendous impact HR-1 legislation (federal funding of the End-Stage Renal Disease Program) will have on the future
Alcohol consumption in Dundee primigravidas and its effects on outcome of pregnancy
Authors: N. D Sulaiman, C D. V Florey, D J Taylor, S A Ogston
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In a population based cohort study information on the consumption of alcohol was obtained from 95% of the 952 consecutive primigravidas who lived in the Dundee district and attended for antenatal care between May 1985 and April 1986. Before realising that they were pregnant more than 90% drank alcohol and 53% were cigarette smokers. During the first four months of pregnancy, however, the proportion of women drinking and smoking fell to 56% and 44%, respectively. Alcohol consumption of more than 120 g absolute alcohol/week (12 or more standard drinks) during pregnancy was related to shorter gestational age (-2.6 weeks), smaller head circumference (-18 mm), shorter (-21 mm) and lighter (-499 g) babies, and lower Apgar scores at five minutes (-0.4, all p less than 0.01). After adjustment for the effect of smoking, social class, mother's size, and other confounding factors, however, an alcohol intake of more than 120 g/week was significantly related only to shorter gestational age (-2.0 weeks, p less than 0.001) and lower Apgar score at five minutes (-0.2, p less than 0.05). Alcohol intake in the region of 100-119 g/week was significantly related to smaller head circumference (-12 mm, p less than 0.05). Analysis by type of beverage consumed suggested that beer rather than wine or spirits was associated with a poorer outcome. As there was no detectable effect on pregnancy of alcohol consumption below 100 g/week, it is suggested that health education should be directed towards mothers who drink more than this amount.
Telogen skin contains an inhibitor of hair growth
Authors: R. PAUS, K.S. STENN, R.E. LINK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

We have investigated whether C 57 Br‐6 mouse skin with all its follicles in the telogen stage of the hair cycle contains a hair‐growth inhibitory activity, as opposed to skin with anagen follicles. Crude aqueous extracts of whole telogen mouse skin (TE), anagen skin (AE) or vehicle alone (V) were injected intraperitoneally into mice in which anagen had previously been induced by plucking of telogen hair follicles. Injection of TE, but not AE or V, significantly retarded the development of anagen follicles, as measured by macroscopic and quantitative microscopic hair growth parameters (skin pigmentation and thickness, appearance of trichohyaline granules) and the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into mouse skin from animals previously treated with either TE or V (skin organ culture). This inhibitory activity seemed to be localized to the epidermis and was also present in rat epidermis. We suggest that this apparently non‐speciesspecific inhibitor present in telogen skin may play a role in regulating the hair cycle in rodents.
Epigenetic Regulation of Vitamin D 24-Hydroxylase/<i>CYP24A1</i> in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wei Luo, Adam R. Karpf, Kristin K. Deeb, Josephia R. Muindi, Carl D. Morrison, Candace S. Johnson, Donald L. Trump
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Calcitriol, a regulator of calcium homeostasis with antitumor properties, is degraded by the product of the CYP24A1 gene, which is downregulated in human prostate cancer by unknown mechanisms. We found that CYP24A1 expression is inversely correlated with promoter DNA methylation in prostate cancer cell lines. Treatment with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) activates CYP24A1 expression in prostate cancer cells. In vitro methylation of the CYP24A1 promoter represses its promoter activity. Furthermore, inhibition of histone deacetylases by trichostatin A (TSA) enhances the expression of CYP24A1 in prostate cancer cells. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR (ChIP-qPCR) reveals that specific histone modifications are associated with the CYP24A1 promoter region. Treatment with TSA increases H3K9ac and H3K4me2 and simultaneously decreases H3K9me2 at the CYP24A1 promoter. ChIP-qPCR assay reveals that treatment with DAC and TSA increases the recruitment of vitamin D receptor to the CYP24A1 promoter. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis of paired human prostate samples revealed that CYP24A1 expression is downregulated in prostate malignant lesions compared with adjacent histologically benign lesions. Bisulfite pyrosequencing shows that CYP24A1 gene is hypermethylated in malignant lesions compared with matched benign lesions. Our findings indicate that repression of CYP24A1 gene expression in human prostate cancer cells is mediated in part by promoter DNA methylation and repressive histone modifications.
Abstract 3948: Identification of phosphorylated NF45 (T388) as a potential pharmacodynamic biomarker for ARQ 501 (β-lapachone)
Authors: Yi Yu, Xiubin Gu, Xiaolan Zhao, Edward Chang, Laura Cousens, Carol G. Waghorne, Thomas C.K. Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract ARQ 501, a fully synthetic version of β-Lapachone, has demonstrated anti-cancer activity and entered multiple phase II trials. Although the mechanism of the cytotoxic activity of ARQ 501 towards cancer cells is not completely understood, it appears that both DNA damage and DNA checkpoint activation play a role in cell death caused by this compound. We used a proteomic approach to search for pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers for ARQ 501 by profiling phosphoproteins. ARQ 501 treatment strongly induced threonine phosphorylation of certain proteins around 45 kD in MIA PaCa2 cells. One of the proteins was identified by mass spectrometry analysis as NF45, also known as ILF2. Immunoprecipitation experiments using a customized antibody against pNF45 confirmed that NF45 is phosphorylated in response to ARQ 501 at threonine 388 in a TQ site (an ATM/ATR phosphorylation motif) near the carboxyl terminus. ARQ 501 increased pNF45 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner accompanied by activation of ATM and DNAPK. Inhibition of ATM and DNAPK suppressed ARQ 501-induced pNF45 (T388) elevation. Evidence of ARQ 501-induced DNA damage is supported by the observation of CHK2 phosphorylation and γ-H2AX elevation. We therefore examined the effects of several DNA damaging agents on NF45 phosphorylation and found that only ARQ 501 was able to increase pNF45 (T388) levels, suggesting that induction of pNF45 is not a general response to DNA damage, and that ARQ 501 may inhibit cell proliferation by an alternate mechanism. Immunofluorescent staining using pNF45 (T388) antibody showed there is a significant increase in pNF45 (T388) levels predominantly in nuclei. In order to validate pNF45 (T388) as a PD biomarker, we examined pNF45 (T388) levels in human tumor mouse xenograft models treated with ARQ 501. The ARQ 501 treated tumors treated with ARQ 501 showed increased pNF45 (T388) nuclear staining by immunohistochemistry compared to the vehicle group. Therefore, phosphorylation of NF45 at threonine 388 may serve as a PD biomarker for ARQ 501. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3948.
The Clinical Usefulness of Hepatic Venography.
Authors: R. C. Schlant
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Clinical Usefulness of Hepatic Venography.R. C. Schlant, M.D. (Assoc.), J. T. Galambos, M.D. (Assoc.), W. J. Rawls, M.D., T. S. Winter III, M.D., F. K. Edwards, M.D., W. H. Shuford, M.D.R. C. Schlant, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, J. T. Galambos, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, W. J. Rawls, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T. S. Winter III, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. K. Edwards, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. H. Shuford, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-680_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAt the time of catheterization of the hepatic vein for the measurement of hepatic sinusoidal pressure, one may obtain valuable additional information by injecting contrast material and obtaining an hepatic venogram. Studies in 77 patients have established the safety of the procedure and have demonstrated the differences between the normal hepatic sinusoidal fine vascular pattern and the distorted patterns produced by liver disease. By this method it is also possible to visualize the portal vein and to demonstrate extensive anastomotic channels between the portal and systemic circulations. In patients in whom the splenic pulp pressure is significantly lower than the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. C. Schlant, M.D. (Assoc.); J. T. Galambos, M.D. (Assoc.); W. J. Rawls, M.D.; T. S. WinterIII, M.D.; F. K. Edwards, M.D.; W. H. Shuford, M.D.Affiliations: Atlanta, Ga. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 680-680KeywordsCatheterizationLiver diseasesPortal veinsSafetySafety studiesVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lipoic Acid Improves Nerve Blood Flow, Reduces Oxidative Stress, and Improves Distal Nerve Conduction in Experimental Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Masaaki Nagamatsu, Kim K Nickander, James D Schmelzer, Angel Raya, Debra A Wittrock, Hans Tritschler, Phillip A Low
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

To determine whether lipoic acid (LA) will reduce oxidative stress in diabetic peripheral nerves and improve neuropathy.We used the model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy (SDN) and evaluated the efficacy of LA supplementation in improving nerve blood flow (NBF), electrophysiology, and indexes of oxidative stress in peripheral nerves affected by SDN, at 1 month after onset of diabetes and in age-matched control rats. LA, in doses of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally five times per week after onset of diabetes.NBF in SDN was reduced by 50%; LA did not affect the NBF of normal nerves but improved that of SDN in a dose-dependent manner. After 1 month of treatment, LA-supplemented rats (100 mg/kg) exhibited normal NBF. The most sensitive and reliable indicator of oxidative stress was reduction in reduced glutathione, which was significantly reduced in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and alpha-tocopherol-deficient nerves; it was improved in a dose-dependent manner in LA-supplemented rats. The conduction velocity of the digital nerve was reduced in SDN and was significantly improved by LA.These studies suggest that LA improves SDN, in significant part by reducing the effects of oxidative stress. The drug may have potential in the treatment of human diabetic neuropathy.
Other amputees are the greatest help in dealing with limb loss
Authors: N. Page, J. Rowe
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR — Maguire and Parkes describe some of the physical and psychological problems following limb amputation and suggest techniques to prevent, recognise, and treat the difficulties that arise.1 In concentrating those who have suffered leg amputations in a specialist rehabilitation unit, we have discovered that the greatest …
Decreased right heart blood volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging: Evidence of central underfilling in cirrhosis
Authors: Søren Møller, Lars Søndergaard, Jens Møgelvang, Ole Henriksen, Jens H. Henriksen
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Whether the central blood volume is reduced or expanded in cirrhosis is still under debate. Accordingly, the current study was undertaken to assess the volume of the heart cavities. Ten cirrhotic patients and matched controls had their right and left ventricular end-diastolic volumes (RVDV and LVDV), and end-systolic volumes (RVSV and LVSV) determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RVDV (122 vs. control 166 mL, P < .02), RVSV (41 vs. 80 mL, P < .02) and right atrial volume (47 vs. 64 mL, P < .05) were significantly reduced in the patients. In contrast, LVDV (134 vs. 129 mL, NS), LVSV (54 vs. 40 mL, NS), and left atrial volume (70 vs. 57 mL, P = .08) were normal or slightly increased. The right ejection fraction (68% vs. 53%, P < .05) was significantly increased, but the left ejection fraction was slightly reduced (61% vs. 69%, NS). The central and arterial blood volume (CBV), assessed as the cardiac output (CO) multiplied by the central circulation time, was significantly decreased (1.47 vs. 1.81 L, P < .05). The noncentral blood volume (4.43 vs. 3.64 L, P < .02), plasma volume (4.05 vs. 3.27 L, P < .02), and CO (7.11 vs. control 5.22 L/min, P < .01) were significantly increased in the patients. CCT (13.1 vs. 20.0 sec, P < .005) and the right ventricular transit time (0.79 vs. 1.35 sec, P < .005) were significantly reduced, but the left ventricular transit time was normal (0.91 vs. 0.88 sec, NS). Systemic vascular resistance was reduced (991 vs. 1,490 dyn.sec/cm5, P < .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)