tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Local Guanethidine for Proptosis
Authors: E. C. B. Keat
Journal: BMJ (1968)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Synaptic plasticity is hypothesized to underlie “replay” of salient experience during hippocampal sharp-wave/ripple (SWR)-based ensemble activity and to facilitate systems-level memory consolidation coordinated by SWRs and cortical sleep spindles. However, it remains unclear how molecular changes at synapses contribute to experience-induced modification of network function. The synaptic protein KIBRA regulates plasticity and memory, although its impact on circuit dynamics remains unknown. Here, we recorded <i>in vivo</i> neural activity from WT mice and littermates lacking KIBRA to examine circuit function before, during, and after novel experience. In WT mice, experience altered network dynamics in a manner consistent with incorporation of new information content in replay and enhanced hippocampal-cortical communication. However, while baseline SWR features were normal in KIBRA cKO mice, experience-dependent alterations in SWRs were absent. Furthermore, intra-hippocampal and hippocampal-cortical communication during SWRs was disrupted following KIBRA deletion. These results reveal molecular mechanisms that underlie network-level memory formation and consolidation.
Genetic analysis in 418 index patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: overview of 10 years' experience
Authors: Karin Y. van Spaendonck‐Zwarts, Ingrid A.W. van Rijsingen, Maarten P. van den Berg, Ronald H. Lekanne Deprez, Jan G. Post, Anneke M. van Mil, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Imke Christiaans, Irene M. van Langen, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jan D.H. Jongbloed, Yigal M. Pinto, J. Peter van Tintelen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Therapy of Genetic Disorders
Authors: Rochelle Hirschhorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Inherited disorders have been perceived by the general medical profession as unfortunate accidents of nature that are essentially untreatable. Recently, the imagination of physicians and of the general public has been captured by the possibility of using the tools of molecular biology to introduce a normally functioning gene into somatic cells and thus definitively treat inherited disorders. Such gene therapy would be ideal, since a single course of treatment, potentially without hazard, could provide a permanent cure. The advent of such molecular therapy would revolutionize the treatment of genetic disorders much as the introduction of antibiotics and immunization has revolutionized . . .
An Epidemiological Study of Suicide and Attempted Suicide Among the Papago Indians
Authors: REX D. CONRAD, MARVIN W. KAHN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

An epidemiological study of suicide among the Papago Indians of the desert Southwest was conducted oven a three-year period. Data gathered from several sources showed that this tribe's suicide rate exceeded that for the nation but was not as high as rates reported for other tribes. Most of the suicide victims were young men who had problems with alcohol. Papagos who lived on the reservation were found to complete suicide less often than their urban counterparts.
Association Between MDM2–SNP309 and Age at Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis According to p53 Mutation Status
Authors: Chiara Menin, Maria Chiara Scaini, Gian Luca De Salvo, Martina Biscuola, Monica Quaggio, Giovanni Esposito, Claudio Belluco, Marco Montagna, Simona Agata, Emma D'Andrea, Donato Nitti, Alberto Amadori, Roberta Bertorelle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)

A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter of the MDM2 gene, SNP309 (a T-->G change), was recently implicated in the early onset of cancer in individuals with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and of sporadic soft-tissue sarcoma. SNP309 induces an increase in the level of Mdm2 protein, which causes attenuation of the p53 pathway. To investigate the effect of this polymorphism in colorectal cancer pathogenesis, we genotyped 153 colorectal cancer patients who were randomly selected from among 330 consecutive patients stratified according to p53 mutation status and age at diagnosis, for alleles of MDM2-SNP309. Among the 77 patients with p53 wild-type tumors, the median age at colorectal cancer diagnosis was 71.5 years for patients with the T/T genotype and 61.0 years for patients with SNP309 (T/G or G/G genotype) (estimated difference between medians [Hodges-Lehmann method] = 8.0 years, 95% confidence interval = 1.0 to 16.0 years; P = .03 [two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test]). Our data indicate that MDM2-SNP309 is a modifier of the age at colorectal cancer onset for patients whose tumors have a wild-type p53 gene.
Response to Abcouwer and Roybal
Authors: Levon M. Khachigian, Alexander Bobik, Peter Kanellakis, Kristine Malabanan
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

our article clearly states (see page 381, column 1, paragraph 2) that "previous studies have demonstrated the existence of a single functional ATF-4 binding site in the VEGF-A gene."And after this statement, we cite Roybal et al. 4 Our article even cites a third report from Dr Abcouwer and colleagues (Luo et al [Ref 26]; page 386 of Malabanan et al).Thus, we cited no fewer than 3 articles by Abcouwer and colleagues on ATF-4.We were not aware of the report by Oskolkova et al until after the publication of our article; Oskolkova et al was published online ahead of print only a few weeks before our report was published.The above notwithstanding, in our report, 1 we demonstrate the existence of an fibroblast growth factor-2/ATF-4/VEGF-A axis in vascular smooth muscle cells in the context of wound repair after balloon angioplasty, which clearly differs in disease context and stimuli from any of these prior studies.Even then, we demonstrate that the role of ATF-4 in the reparative response to injury is not confined to VEGF-A alone.The findings of the report "open up opportunities of exploring the role of ATF-4 in the regulation of pathophysiologically relevant genes besides VEGF-A" (Malabanan et al; 1 page 384, column 2, paragraph 2), some of which, as reiterated by Dr Chin, 2 we have already begun to establish (Figure 4B, page 382, Malabanan et al 1 ).
Acute Staphylococcal Enterocolitis Complicating Oral Neomycin Therapy in Cirrhosis
Authors: William A. Tisdale, L. Frederick Fenster, Gerald Klatskin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE oral administration of certain poorly absorbed antibiotics is widely accepted as an important measure in the management of the neuropsychiatric complications of severe liver disease. Of these anti-bacterial agents, neomycin has proved the most satisfactory, effectively suppressing intestinal flora with a minimum of undesirable or harmful side effects.1 2 3 Although diarrhea,1 steatorrhea,4 occasional systemic absorption of the drug5 , 6 and mild monilial superinfection2 have occurred in a few cases, to our knowledge no serious complications due to neomycin-resistant organisms have been reported to follow the use of this drug in the treatment of impending or overt hepatic coma.Recently, however, we . . .
Stent Thrombosis Is Associated With an Impaired Response to Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Peter Wenaweser, Janine Dörffler-Melly, Katja Imboden, Stephan Windecker, Mario Togni, Bernhard Meier, Andre Haeberli, Otto M. Hess
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Abstract 5282: Pretargeted immunoPET for imaging human colonic cancer in a mouse model
Authors: Rafke Schoffelen, Gerben M. Franssen, William J. McBride, Jonathan A. Disselhorst, Robert M. Sharkey, Peter Laverman, Winette T. A. van der Graaf, Wim J. G. Oyen, David M. Goldenberg, Otto C. Boerman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Objective: Molecular imaging with pretargeting bispecific antibodies allows rapid and specific targeting of tumors for PET imaging. In this study, pretargeted immunoPET with a bispecific monoclonal anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; CEACAM5) × anti-hapten antibody (bsMAb) and a small (1.5 kD) peptide labeled with a short-lived positron-emitter 68Ga was compared to FDG for detection of intraperitoneal CEA-expressing human colonic tumor xenografts in nude mice. Methods: In BALB/c nude mice LS174T human colonic tumor cells were injected intraperitoneally. One group (n=5) received 5 MBq FDG i.v., and another group (n=5) received the bsMAb i.v. and 5 MBq of 68Ga-labeled peptide i.v. 16 h later. One hour after the injection of the peptide or FDG, PET/CT images were acquired. One day later the same procedure was repeated vice versa, and after microPET imaging the uptake of the 68Ga or 18F in dissected tissue was determined. Results: Within one hour, specific tumor targeting of 68Ga-labeled peptide (23.4 ± 7.2% ID/g) combined with the low background activity levels resulted in the clear visualization of the small intra-abdominal tumor lesions (1.5-5 mm). High tumor/background radioactivity concentration ratios were obtained (e.g. tumor/intestines 57.5 ± 22.4). FDG localized efficiently in the tumors (8.7 ± 3.1 % ID/g), but with physiological uptake in various normal tissues (ratio tumor/intestines 4.0 ± 0.9). Conclusion: Pretargeted immunoPET performs exceptionally well with short-lived radionuclides, and is a highly sensitive procedure for dectection of small tumor deposits that is also more specific than FDG-PET. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5282. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5282
Using Criminalization and Due Process to Reduce Scientific Misconduct
Authors: Benjamin K. Sovacool
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

The issue of how to best minimize scientific misconduct remains a controversial topic among bioethicists, professors, policymakers, and attorneys. This paper suggests that harsher criminal sanctions against misconduct, better protections for whistleblowers, and the creation of due process standards for misconduct investigations are urgently needed. Although the causes of misconduct and estimates of problem remain varied, the literature suggests that scientific misconduct—fraud, fabrication, and plagiarism of scientific research—continues to damage public health and trust in science. Providing stricter criminal statutes against misconduct is necessary to motivate whistleblowers and deter wrongdoers, and the provision of basic due process protections is necessary for ensuring a fair and balanced misconduct investigation.
710-6 Economic Impact of Reduced Anticoagulation After Saphenous Vein Graft Stent Placement
Authors: S. Chiu Wong, Jeffrey J. Popma, Ya Chien Chuang, Gary S, None Mintz, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent, Augusto D, None Pichard, Mun K. Hong, Theresa A. Bucher, Kathi Donovan, Kathy Morgan, Alan Merritt, David Kaufman, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
ALLOGENEIC BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION FOR CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKAEMIA
Authors: Bruno Speck, MortimerM. Bortin, Richard Champlin, JohnM. Goldman, RogerH. Herzig, PhilipB. Mcglave, HansA. Messner, RoyS. Weiner, AlfredA. Rimm
Journal: The Lancet (1984)
Endocrinology of Pregnancy
Authors: E. Hans Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This is the first comprehensive review in endocrinology of pregnancy in the English language. That alone makes it an outstanding contribution. Fourteen chapters are written by 17 contributors from the Americas and Europe, all of whom are known for outstanding contributions in the endocrine field. The biochemical and biophysical aspects of gestation related to endocrine action are discussed. An introductory chapter dealing with the dynamics of hormone production-secretion-excretion prepares the reader for the interpretation of the different parameters in present-day hormone assays. The subjects are well indexed and make orientation easy. The steroid hormones (estrogens, progestagens, androgens, cortisol, and aldosterone) are presented in separate chapters outlining the chemistry, assay method, and biotransformation during pregnancy. The critical evaluation and interpretation of findings will make these chapters attractive and comprehendible to the less-informed reader. The polypeptide hormones (human chorionic gonadotrophin, human placental lactogen, insulin, oxytocin, and vasopressin) are explored in a similar
Reply to Gonen et al.
Authors: M. Bellutti, L. Fry, F. Dombrowksi, P. Malfertheiner, K. Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

We enjoyed reading the study by Gonen et al. In a previous study we had characterized sporadic lymphangiectasias of the small bowel using double balloon enteroscopy [1]. Gonen et al. went further and also characterized white dots and yellow plaques of the duodenum incidentally found during upper endoscopy [2]. Their study contributes to the morphological description of these generally benign lesions. One interesting novelty of their study was the utilization of magnification endoscopy. The findings in this study underline our previous observations, both with respect to the incidence (14 % vs. 13 % in our investigation), as well as to their appearance independently from serum lipid levels. It would have been interesting also for this study to have inspected the whole small bowel, going beyond the duodenum, as the incidence of the lymphangiectasias described would have been higher.
Seven Countries: A Multivariate Analysis of Death and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Manning Feinleib
Journal: JAMA (1981)

During the last 30 years, epidemiologists have made remarkable progress in identifying important factors that are associated with the incidence of chronic diseases. Nowhere has this been more successful than in the area of coronary heart disease. Beginning with Professor Keys' study of Minnesota businessmen and the Framingham (Mass) Heart Study, innumerable reports have appeared that have documented a wide variety of personal characteristics strongly associated with heart attacks. These characteristics include high blood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking, and glucose intolerance. The available data for other characteristics are more controversial; these include overweight and obesity, physical activity, and specific components of diet. Most studies have been concerned with single population groups, and most of the reports have covered only one or two endpoints, usually coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction. However, a few studies have wisely examined several diverse population groups and have included the observation of
Abstract 5057: The insulin-like growth factor receptor I promotes motility and invasion of bladder cancer cells through Akt- and MAPK-dependent activation of paxillin
Authors: David Metalli, Francesca Lovat, Farida Tripodi, Shi-Qiong Xu, Lilia Alberghina, Marco Vanoni, Raffaele Baffa, Renato V. Iozzo, Leonard G. Gomella, Andrea Morrione
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The insulin-like growth factor receptor I (IGF-IR) plays an essential role in transformation by promoting cell growth and protecting cancer cells from apoptosis. Aberrant IGF-IR signaling is implicated in several types of tumors, including carcinomas of the lung, breast, prostate, pancreas, liver and colon. However, whether the IGF-IR contributes to the transforming phenotype of urothelial cells has not been clearly established but recent data suggest that the IGF-IR is over-expressed in bladder cancer. In this study we demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis that the IGF-IR is over-expressed in invasive bladder cancer (T3/T4) tissues compared to non-malignant controls. We have also characterized the mechanism of action of the IGF-IR in cancer urothelial cells using urothelial carcinoma-derived 5637 and T24 cells. Although activation of the IGF-IR did not appreciably affect their growth, it did promote migration and stimulate in vitro wound closure and invasion through extracellular matrix. These effects required the activation of the Akt and MAPK pathways and IGF-I induced Akt- and MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of paxillin, which relocated at dynamic focal adhesions at the protruding edge of migrating urothelial cancer cells. Using siRNA strategies we also demonstrated that paxillin was necessary for promoting IGF-I-mediated motility and invasion in bladder cancer cells. In conclusion, our results provide the first evidence for a role of the IGF-IR in motility and invasion of bladder cancer cells, and support the hypothesis that the IGF-IR may play a critical role in the establishment of the invasive phenotype in urothelial neoplasia. The IGF-IR could represent a novel molecular target in bladder cancer and could also serve as a novel tumor biomarker for diagnosis and possibly prognosis of bladder tumors. This work has been supported by the Benjamin Perkins Bladder Cancer Fund, the Martin Greitzer Fund and National Institutes of Health Grants RO1 DK068419 (A.M.) and RO1 CA39481 and RO1 CA047282 (R.V.I.). §Present address: Medimmune, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5057.
Abstract A49: Combination of bendamustine and the HDAC inhibitor entinostat enhances apoptosis and DNA damage response in multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Bo Cai, Jingcao Huang, Choon-Kee Lee, Bolin Liu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Bendamustine (Cephalon, Inc., West Chester, PA), a hybrid molecule of purine analog and alkylator, induces cell death by activation of DNA damage response and apoptosis, inhibition of mitotic checkpoints, and induction of mitotic catastrophe. Entinostat (also known as MS-275 or SNDX-275, Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, MA), a selective class I inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. We sought to determine whether the combination of bendamustine with entinostat enhances cell death of MM cells, and the potential mechanisms. Cell growth assay showed that bendamustine inhibited proliferation of MM cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of bendamustine for RPMI8226, U266 and MM1.S cells was approximately 662.6, 295.5, and 159.6 umol/L. Apoptotic-ELISA indicated that either bendamustine or entinostat was able to induce apoptosis in all three myeloma cells, and their combinations exhibited a much more potent activity to promote the MM cells undergoing apoptosis. Further studies with western blot analyses revealed that bendamustine in combination with entinostat dramatically induced PARP cleavage and activation of caspase-3 in all three MM cell lines, and also reduced the expression levels of cyclin D1, phospho-Stat3 (P-Stat3) and Stat3 in U266 cells. Moreover, studies on DNA damage response showed that phosphohistone H2A.X, a hall marker of DNA double strand break, was significantly induced by the combinations of bendamustine and entinostat as compared to either agent alone in all three MM cell lines. Our data suggest that bendamustine and its combination with entinostat possess anti-MM activity in vitro. Regimens consisting of bendamustine and/or entinostat may represent novel therapeutic strategies against MM.
THE AUDITORY EVOKED RESPONSE AS A DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC MEASURE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: REESE T. JONES, K. H. BLACKER, ENOCH CALLAWAY, ROBERT S. LAYNE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

Schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic mental patients can be distinguished by differences in the correlation between pairs of averaged evoked responses (AER) to tones of 600 cps and to tones of 1,000 cps recorded from scalp electroencephalographs. This two-tone AER effect was predicted from Shakow's segmental set theory. Schizophrenics preoccupied with ordinarily disregarded details place more value on the physical difference between two tones when no symbolic significance has been assigned and the evoked responses are more dissimilar. Clinical improvement in the schizophrenic patients was associated with a shift in the two-tone AER toward values seen in nonschizophrenics. No such change was found in nonschizophrenic patients. The clinically improved schizophrenics also demonstrated an increased amplitude of evoked response. The use of the measure as a diagnostic and prognostic technique is discussed.
Evolutionary rates for tuf genes in endosymbionts of aphids
Authors: E. U. Brynnel, C. G. Kurland, N. A. Moran, S. G. Andersson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

The gene encoding elongation factor Tu (tuf) in aphid endosymbionts (genus Buchnera) evolves at rates of 1.3 x 10(-10) to 2.5 x 10(-10) nonsynonymous substitutions and 3.9 x 10(-9) to 8.0 x 10(-9) synonymous substitutions per position per year. These rates, which are at present among the most reliable substitution rates for protein-coding genes of bacteria, have been obtained by calibrating the nodes in the phylogenetic tree produced from the Buchnera EF-Tu sequences using divergence times for the corresponding ancestral aphid hosts. We also present data suggesting that the rates of nonsynonymous substitutions are significantly higher in the endosymbiont lineages than in the closely related free-living bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Synonymous substitution rates for Buchnera approximate estimated mutation rates for E. coli and S. typhimurium, as expected if synonymous changes act as neutral mutations in Buchnera. We relate the observed differences in substitution frequencies to the absence of selective codon preferences in Buchnera and to the influence of Muller's ratchet on small asexual populations.
CORRECTION OF COMPRESSED FRACTURES OF THE VERTEBRAE
Authors: JOHN DUNLOP
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Compression fractures of the vertebrae are attracting considerable attention at this time, and many are being recognized early. This is no doubt due to the fact that only in recent years have lateral roentgenograms of sufficient clearness to be of value been available. At the last session of the American Medical Association, Dr. Eikenbary of Seattle presented a complete summary of the treatment of compression fractures up to that time. Since that paper, Dr. Davis of Erie, Pa., presented as his thesis for the last meeting of the American Orthopedic Association a method of reduction for compressed fractures, and this paper was published in January, 1929.<sup>1</sup>Prior to knowing of Dr. Davis' work, we had undertaken to decompress such fractures, and had been successful as early as October, 1927. It is our purpose at this time to demonstrate that compressed impacted fractures of the vertebral bodies can be reduced