tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A scleroderma-like variant of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa?
Authors: O. ISHIKAWA, S. WARITA, K. OHNISHI, Y. MIYACHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

We report a 17‐year‐old Japanese girl with typical clinical features of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). She had initially been diagnosed as suffering from systemic sclerosis because her skin became sclerotic at the age of 21 months, and there was no apparent blister formation. She subsequently developed severe dystrophic skin changes. However, there was histological evidence of subepidermal cleavage, diminished basement membrane zone immunohistochemical reactivity to anti‐type VII collagen monoclonal antibody, and markedly decreased numbers of anchoring fibrils on electron microscopy. Although both the clinical and laboratory findings support a diagnosis of RDEB, we cannot exclude the possibility that our patient might represent a new clinical entity.
Charity is set up to improve adolescents’ health care
Authors: Henry Creagh
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Doctors in England are being urged to join a newly launched association that aims to improve the health care of adolescents and listen to the needs of young people.

A survey commissioned by the association to coincide with its launch has shown that although health professionals may be concerned about adolescents’ use of drugs, alcohol, and tobacco young people themselves are more worried about body odour, self esteem, and acne.

The Association for Young People’s Health (www.youngpeopleshealth.org.uk) has been formed to bring together organisations and professionals who work with young people across health, education, and social services.

At the association’s launch last week the minister for public health, Dawn Primarolo, announced £27m (€36m; $53m) funding …
Inhibition of insulin degradation by nonsuppressible insulin-like activity.
Authors: G Burghen, W C Duckworth, A E Kitabchi, S S Solomon, P L Poffenbarger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Nonsuppressible insulin-like activity, provided by three sources, was evaluated for its effect on the proteolytic degradation of insulin utilizing insulin protease obtained from rat liver homogenate as well as liver cell membranes. All three preparations of nonsuppressible insulin-like activity were found to be competitive inhibitors of insulin degradation. In addition human plasma was fractionated yielding an acetone precipitate which was found to have nonsuppressible insulin-like activity and to be a competitive inhibitor of insulin protease.
Acute Gangrenous Cholecystitis Diagnosed on Gallium Scan
Authors: Hong Yun Ma, Leonard M. Freeman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 72-year-old male patient was hospitalized with diffused abdominal pain with worsening renal insufficiency, intermittent vomiting, and a spiking fever. Initial CT scan and sonography showed a dilated gallbladder with a polyp, but no calculi. A gallium scan with SPECT/CT revealed intense gallbladder uptake with a cold central area. Acute gangrenous cholecystitis was suspected as the likely diagnosis and cause of his discomfort and fever. Subsequent cholecystectomy confirmed the diagnosis.
Elevated sensitivity to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice lacking 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2
Authors: Olivier Le Bacquer, Emmanuel Petroulakis, Sabina Paglialunga, Francis Poulin, Denis Richard, Katherine Cianflone, Nahum Sonenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

The most common pathology associated with obesity is insulin resistance, which results in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several studies have implicated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in obesity. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E–binding (eIF4E-binding) proteins (4E-BPs), which repress translation by binding to eIF4E, are downstream effectors of mTOR. We report that the combined disruption of 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2 in mice increased their sensitivity to diet-induced obesity. Increased adiposity was explained at least in part by accelerated adipogenesis driven by increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ), C/EBPα, and PPARγ coupled with reduced energy expenditure, reduced lipolysis, and greater fatty acid reesterification in the adipose tissue of 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2 double KO mice. Increased insulin resistance in 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2 double KO mice was associated with increased ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) activity and impairment of Akt signaling in muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. These data clearly demonstrate the role of 4E-BPs as a metabolic brake in the development of obesity and reinforce the idea that deregulated mTOR signaling is associated with the development of the metabolic syndrome.
Ferrous Sulphate Poisoning in Children
Authors: I. O. B. Spencer
Journal: BMJ (1951)

The four patients whose case histories are presented above have certain features in common, apart from their site of origin.In all of them neoplastic change occurred after a long latent interval, which varied only between 26 and 30 years.They were all treated originally for benign conditions, and in three of them it is known that frequently repeated doses of x rays were given over a period of six months or more.In the'three patients treatedfor thyrotoxicosis the tumours had arisen approximately 4 cm.deep to the centre of the irradiated area of skin, and these three patients had all suffered severe radiation damage to the skin, two of them requiring excision and plastic repair for either epitheliomatous change or necrosis.Case 4 alone failed to show any convincing evidence of skin damage, and for this reason it is doubtful whether the tumour can be attributed to irradiation.However, this is a comparatively uncommon site for cancer, and it is difficult to be persuaded that its appearance was purely coincidental.Radiation is only one of many known carcinogenic agents, and, although it cannot be held solely responsible, it may well have been a contributory factor in the genesis of this tumour.The remaining three patients all seem to have de- veloped tumours as a direct result of irradiation, and in two of them there are features which further support this aetiology.In Case 2 the tumour had the structure of a fibrosarcoma, and, although this tumour may rarely occur in the upper part of the oesophagus, it must be very rare in post-cricoid tumours.As Cade (1951) has pointed out, fibrosarcoma may develop on a basis of post-radiation scarring.In Case 1 the tumour arose in the pyriform fossa, which may be significant, as carci- noma in this site is predominantly a disease of men.In conclusion it seems reasonable to speculate that, if the treatment of thyrotoxicosis by intense or prolonged irradiation was a common practice 25 to 30 years ago, further cases of radiation cancer in the laryngopharynx may occur, or have perhaps already occurred. SummaryIt is rare to find a tumour in any of the deep tissues follow- ing external irradiation, and the literature on this subject is briefly reviewed.The case histories of four patients who developed tumours in the laryngopharynx after irradiation of the neck are presented.The criteria considered to be important in the diagnosis, of radiation cancer are enumerated, and the reasons for regarding three of these tumours as examples of post- radiation cander are given.In the fourth patient the aetiology of the tumour is open to doubt.I wish to thank Dr. A. G. C. Taylor for permission to publish these cases and for the eneouragement, advice,
Prenatal Sensitization in a Mouse Model
Authors: UDO HERZ, RICARDA JOACHIM, BIRGIT AHRENS, ALEXANDER SCHEFFOLD, ANDREAS RADBRUCH, HARALD RENZ
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Several studies have suggested that the in utero environment plays an important role in the onset of sensitization to environmental allergens. This concept of in utero priming to favor the development of subsequent allergic diseases is supported by several observations. Already at birth cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) proliferate in response to allergens such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( Der p ) or birch pollen (1–3). This allergen-specific immune response is mediated by fetal T cells, as opposed to maternally derived contaminants (4). Several factors remained crucial for the development of such a proliferative immune response. The mother must be exposed to the antigen beyond the first trimester of pregnancy (5, 6). The presence of allergen-specific IgE at birth also indicates the prenatal development of functional T–B cell interactions (7). This implies that the allergen responder phenotype may be determined by immune deviation involving allergendriven T cell selection. Such a notion is supported by finding that pregnancy is associated with a transient depression of maternal helper T cell type 1 (Th1)-mediated cell immunity, resulting in a Th2-like maternal profile at the maternal–fetal interface. Moreover, many studies have documented defective polyclonal interferon g (IFNg ) responses by CBMCs from neonates either at risk of atopy, or those who later develop disease (8–11). Our aim was to analyze the development of antigen-specific T and B cell responses in the preand postnatal immune system in a defined animal model of allergic sensitization. In this BALB/c mouse model, sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) induces allergen-specific IgE/IgG 1 production associated with allergic response in the airway and increased airway hyperreactivity. This model was used to sensitize female BALB/c mice to OVA before their mating with nonsensitized BALB/c males. During pregnancy, mice were exposed to allergen aerosol every second day. Offspring T and B cell responses were analyzed at various time points after birth.
Obstetric anaesthetic services
Authors: D L Leaming, R Brown
Journal: BMJ (1986)

gesia has not been shown to be associated with increased perinatal mortality or morbidity, but the consequences of forceps delivery should not be dismissed too readily, as O'Driscoll and his colleagues have shown.5Safemanagementoflabour with increased availability and use of epidurals calls for a very high standard of obstetric and midwifery care, not just an increased number of consultant sessions in obstetric anaesthesia.
Autism and schizophrenia: Similar perceptual consequence, different neurobiological etiology?
Authors: Armando Bertone, Laurent Mottron, Jocelyn Faubert
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Phillips &amp; Silverstein (P&amp;S, 2003) propose that NMDA-receptor dysfunction may be the fundamental neurobiological mechanism underlying and associating impaired holistic perception and cognitive coordination with schizophrenic psychopathology. We discuss how the P&amp;S hypothesis shares different aspects of the weak central coherence account of autism from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. Specifically, we believe that neither those persons with autism nor those with schizophrenia integrate visuo-perceptual information efficiently, resulting in incongruous internal representations of their external world. However, although NMDA-hypofunction may be responsible for perceptual impairments in schizophrenia and possibly autism, we suggest that it is highly unlikely that NMDA-hypofunction is specifically responsible for the autistic behavioral symptomology, as described by P&amp;S in their target article.
A Tubulin Binding Peptide Targets Glioma Cells Disrupting Their Microtubules, Blocking Migration, and Inducing Apoptosis
Authors: Raphael Berges, Julien Balzeau, Alan C Peterson, Joel Eyer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Despite aggressive treatment regimes, glioma remains a largely fatal disease. Current treatment limitations are attributed to the precarious locations within the brain where such tumors grow, their highly infiltrative nature precluding complete resection and lack of specificity among agents capable of attenuating their growth. Here, we show that in vitro, glioma cells of diverse origins internalize a peptide encompassing a tubulin-binding site (TBS) on the neurofilament light protein. The internalized peptide disrupts the microtubule network, inhibits migration and proliferation, and leads to apoptosis. Using an intracerebral transplant model, we show that most, if not all, of these responses to peptide exposure also occur in vivo. Notably, a single intratumor injection significantly attenuates tumor growth, while neither peptide uptake nor downstream consequences are observed elsewhere in the host nervous system. Such preferential uptake suggests that the peptide may have potential as a primary or supplementary glioblastoma treatment modality by exploiting its autonomous microtubule-disrupting activity or engaging its capacity to selectively target glioma cells with other cell-disrupting cargos. Despite aggressive treatment regimes, glioma remains a largely fatal disease. Current treatment limitations are attributed to the precarious locations within the brain where such tumors grow, their highly infiltrative nature precluding complete resection and lack of specificity among agents capable of attenuating their growth. Here, we show that in vitro, glioma cells of diverse origins internalize a peptide encompassing a tubulin-binding site (TBS) on the neurofilament light protein. The internalized peptide disrupts the microtubule network, inhibits migration and proliferation, and leads to apoptosis. Using an intracerebral transplant model, we show that most, if not all, of these responses to peptide exposure also occur in vivo. Notably, a single intratumor injection significantly attenuates tumor growth, while neither peptide uptake nor downstream consequences are observed elsewhere in the host nervous system. Such preferential uptake suggests that the peptide may have potential as a primary or supplementary glioblastoma treatment modality by exploiting its autonomous microtubule-disrupting activity or engaging its capacity to selectively target glioma cells with other cell-disrupting cargos.
THE TREATMENT OF LOBAR PNEUMONIA.
Authors: W. GILMAN THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1904)

When a disease becomes so prevalent and so serious as pneumonia is at the present time, it is helpful to compare our personal experiences in coping with it, and even though there be no new methods of treatment to advocate, it is well to revise existing methods, if only for the sake of indorsement or confirmation. <h3>THE GENERAL PURPOSE OF TREATMENT.</h3> However diverse the methods employed in dealing with this disease, they all have substantially the same aim, namely, to maintain the efficiency of the heart, which, through a brief period of a self-limited infection, is subjected, in one way or another, to most severe and unusual strain. The guiding of the heart's action is, therefore, the question of paramount importance at the outset, and yet it is precisely this feature of the treatment which is most difficult to formulate satisfactorily, for it can not be successfully conducted by rule
Endoscopic Resection of Large Polypoid Leiomyoma: Case Study
Authors: H. M. Fidler, J. N. El-Jabbour, G. Bevan
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

See also: Endoscopic Resection of Submucosal Tumor of the Esophagus: Results in 62 PatientsEndoscopy 1997; 29(03): 165-170DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1004157
USA reworks its case definition for SARS
Authors: Mary Quirk
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2003)

The interim US surveillance case definition for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was revised in July to allow for exclusion of cases with negative convalescent-phase serology. Using the revised criteria, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) excluded nearly half of the 418 reported cases of SARS in the USA to date.
Abstract 4709: ERK1/2 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma through proinflammatory homeobox gene, ISX
Authors: Shen-Nien Wang, Shih-Hsien Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Intestine-specific homeobox (ISX), a newly identified proto-oncogene, regulated cell proliferation and drives hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation but the underlying mechanisms linking gene expression and tumor formation remain obscure. In this study, we compared the expression of MAPK (ERK1/2), E2F1 and homeobox gene ISX in 190 paired specimens of HCC and adjacent normal tissues, and also in paired specimens from 11 non-HCC patients. In pathological analysis, ERK1/2 and E2F1 , as ISX expression, exhibited a tumor-specific expression pattern and a high correlation to patient survival time, tumor size, tumor number and progression stage. Enforced expression of ERK1/2 translocated cytoplasm ISX into nucleus and increased cell proliferation by which increased downstream E2F1 expression in hepatoma cells through ISX induction. In contrast, dominant negative ERK1/2 and shRNA-mediated attenuation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells decreased nucleus translocation, cell proliferation and malignant transformation in vitro and in vivo. A high positive correlation existed in human hepatoma tumors between ISX and ERK1/2 expression. Together, our results highlight ERK1/2 as an important regulator of ISX in hepatoma progression with significant potential as a prognostic and therapeutic target in HCC. Citation Format: Shen-Nien Wang, Shih-Hsien Hsu. ERK1/2 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma through proinflammatory homeobox gene, ISX. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4709. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4709
EFFECTS OF MURIATE OF COCAINE ON THE ORBICULARIS PALPEBRARUM.
Authors: J. L. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1884)

In the report of the following cases it will be my endeavor to simply state the facts as briefly as possible, leaving the profession to judge as to the efficacy of this alkaloid in eye surgery. In the first case a two per cent. solution was used, but in the nine following ones it was increased to four per cent. No question could be entertained as to its purity, as it came from Merck's, and its peculiar action on the orbicularis corroborated this belief. CaseI. Machinist, æt. 34. F. B. (Emery) deeply imbedded in the right cornea, of three days' standing. The solution was dropped into the eye every three minutes for fifteen minutes when the body was dug out with a spud. He stated that the operation did not hurt much. CaseII. Very severe trichiasis, in which Arlt's operation for transplantation had been previously performed, and in
Health Care Fraud Hearing
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

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Hereditary Angioedema with Gastrointestinal Involvement: Endoscopic Appearance
Authors: None Hara, None Shiotani, None Matsunaka, None Yamanishi, None Oka, None Ishiguchi, None Saika, None Itoh, None Nishioka
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

We present the first reported case of hereditary angioedema (HAE) with gastric involvement to be successfully evaluated by endoscopy both during and after an attack. A 31-year-old man who had a family history of angioedema was admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain and swelling of extremities. Computed tomography scan and endoscopy carried out during this attack revealed transient gastrointestinal wall edema which, along with decreased levels of serum C4 and C1 inhibitor, confirmed the diagnosis of HAE with gastrointestinal involvement. During the attack, the gas-tric mucosa was erythematous and edematous, and parts of its surface bulged into the gastric lumen, resembling a submucosal tumor, as a result of massive submucosal edema. During the healing process, a number of small nodules and raised erosions developed over the entire gastric mucosal surface after healing of prominent gastric edema. Within 55 days, the gastric mucosa had returned to normal. The endoscopic findings for the stomach in HAE have not, to our knowledge, been previously described.
PTPN2 negatively regulates oncogenic JAK1 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Maria Kleppe, Jean Soulier, Vahid Asnafi, Nicole Mentens, Tekla Hornakova, Laurent Knoops, Stefan Constantinescu, François Sigaux, Jules P. Meijerink, Peter Vandenberghe, Marco Tartaglia, Robin Foa, Elizabeth Macintyre, Torsten Haferlach, Jan Cools
Journal: Blood (2011)