tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The familial feature of Tunisian endemic pemphigus foliaceus
Authors: O. Abida, A. Masmoudi, A. Rebaï, M. Ben Ayed, N. Mahfoudh, M. Kallel-Sellami, S. Makni, P. Joly, D. Gilbert, H. Makni, F. Tron, H. Masmoudi, H. Turki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Tunisian pemphigus foliaceus (PF) presents particular epidemiological features: the exclusive occurrence in younger women from southern areas and the absence of familial cases.1 However, the recent observation of PF in two sisters2 living in the area of endemic PF in southern Tunisia might indicate a familial clustering similar to that observed in fogo selvagem.3 A retrospective analysis of all PF records from the dermatological department of Hedi Chaker Hospital in Sfax (south Tunisia) since 1982 was performed. Firstly, we classified patients by regions and/or by family name. Then, each patient was asked about the existence of other members of their family with a dermatological problem. Thereafter this cross‐examination was oriented towards a blistering skin disease. To confirm this familial aggregation, we carried out in situ visits to families for further exploration. Data on 32 Tunisian families including 40 affected members with PF and 203 healthy related subjects were collected. Our study identified, in addition to the first family, another six PF families (Fig. 1) all living in the farming regions of the Tunisian south. To our knowledge, this study shows for the first time a significant number of PF families in Tunisia in which multiple genetically related individuals are affected. This familial aggregation provides a sound argument for similarities to Brazilian endemic PF and indicates the existence of two forms of PF in Tunisia: a sporadic form and a familial form.
Molecular Pathways: Not a Simple Tube—The Many Functions of Blood Vessels
Authors: Brent A. Orr, Charles G. Eberhart
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Although the ability of blood vessels to carry fluid and cells through neoplastic tissue is clearly important, other functions of vascular elements that drive tumor growth and progression are increasingly being recognized. Vessels can provide physical support and help regulate the stromal microenvironment within tumors, form niches for tumor-associated stem cells, serve as avenues for local tumor spread, and promote relative immune privilege. Understanding the molecular drivers of these phenotypes will be critical if we are to therapeutically target their protumorigenic effects. The potential for neoplastic cells to transdifferentiate into vascular and perivascular elements also needs to be better understood, as it has the potential to complicate such therapies. In this review, we provide a brief overview of these less conventional vascular functions in tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 21(1); 18–23. ©2014 AACR.
Use of a Vacuum Extractor (Ventouse) in Obstetrics
Authors: J. A. Chalmers, R. J. Fothergill
Journal: BMJ (1960)

URINEBrNAL patients and in-patients.A negative phenistix test is evidence that no appreciable amount of P.A.S. is present in the urine and that no P.A.S. has been taken for 12 to 18 hours.Of a total of 444 tests at unexpected times on hospital in-patients receiving P.A.S., 436 (98%) gave a positive and 8 (2%) a negative result.Not all patients in hospital can be relied on to take their medicine unless the nurse makes sure that the medicine is actually swallowed.Of 705 tuberculous out-patients on P.A.S. therapy, 467 gave a positive phenistix result, and the remaining 238 (34%) were " defaulters."Negative results were found in 39% of the women and 30% of the men.The length of time that patients had been taking chemotherapy and the time elapsing since discharge from hos- pital had a significant effect on the results.The failure rate steadily increased in both instances with each year of the duration of chemotherapy.It is inadvisable to permit young adults aged 15-24 of either sex, females aged 25-44, and males over the age of 55 to leave hospital after only a short stay, as patients in these age- groups showed the highest default rates.Self-testing by 20 patients revealed the reasons for negative tests and gave insight into patients' drug-taking habits.The problem of self-administration of drugs is discussed.It is suggested that the best results will be obtained in cases where the whole course of treatment is directed by one experienced physician and that continuity of medical surveillance is essential.We thank Mr.
Antibodies to parathyroid hormone-related protein lower serum calcium in athymic mouse models of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia due to human tumors.
Authors: S C Kukreja, D H Shevrin, S A Wimbiscus, P R Ebeling, J A Danks, C P Rodda, W I Wood, T J Martin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

A parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has recently been isolated from tumors associated with hypercalcemia. In the present study, we tested the effects of neutralizing antisera to the PTHrP on serum calcium and urine cAMP in two animal models of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. The animal models consisted of (a) a human squamous cell lung cancer and (b) a human laryngeal cancer, both serially carried in athymic mice. The antisera specifically reduced the elevated serum calcium and urinary cAMP levels in the tumor-bearing animals. We conclude that PTHrP plays a major role in the pathogenesis of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
PTU-177 Duodenal Adenomas: A Review Of Their Management And The High Risk Of Co-existing Colon Cancer
Authors: R Chandel, B Brett, M Williams
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We reviewed the management of Duodenal adenomas at James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth between 2001 and 2013. <h3>Methods</h3> 20 patients were included in this study. A standardised proforma was completed for each case and the information was then collated. <h3>Results</h3> A CT scan was performed in 13/20 patients. 3/20 had CT and Endoscopic Ultrasound. 4/20 had no imaging. 14/20 patients had Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR). 5/20 had surgery. 1/20 case was monitored with annual surveillance OGDs. 11/14 patients had EMR within 6 months of diagnosis. Complete resection was achieved in 11/14. Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) was used in 3/14. The American Society of Gastroenterology guidelines<sup>1</sup> recommend routine insertion of prophylactic pancreatic stents for patients undergoing EMR of Ampullary adenomas. 6 of our patients had EMR for Ampullary adenoma and only 1 had a Pancreatic stent inserted. However none of these procedures were complicated by Pancreatitis. 4/14 patients had serious complications following EMR. 3 of these had bleeding from the EMR site while one had a large mucosal defect needing Endoclip application. The 30 day mortality was 0. The frequency of long term follow up was in compliance with the Spigelman scoring system.<sup>5</sup> 4/14 patients had recurrent Duodenal adenomas after EMR. Various studies have previously demonstrated a high incidence of co-existing Colorectal neoplasms in patients with sporadic Duodenal adenomas.<sup>2–4</sup> The same was observed in our patients. Of the 17/20 patients who had Duodenal adenomas and intact colons, 11 had a colonoscopy. 3 were found to have Colon cancer, 4 had Colonic adenomas and 1 had hyperplastic polyps. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We recommend imaging for all polyps &gt;1 cm. All patients should have EMR within 6 months of diagnosis. Only 1/6 patients who had EMR of ampullary lesions had a Pancreatic stent inserted. None developed Pancreatitis. 4/14 had serious complications following EMR. Long term follow up was in compliance with Spigelman scoring system. 4/14 had recurrent Duodenal adenomas after EMR. 3 patients were found to have Colon cancer. So it is essential that all patients with Duodenal adenomas have a colonoscopy. <h3>References</h3> The role of endoscopy in ampullary and duodenal adenomas. <i>Gastrointestinal Endoscopy </i>2006; 64(6) Murray <i>et al</i>., Sporadic duodenal adenoma is associated with colorectal neoplasia. <i>Gut</i> 2004 Ramsoekh <i>et al</i>., Sporadic duodenal adenoma and the association with colorectal neoplasia: a case-control study. <i>The American Journal of Gastroenterology</i> 2008 van Heumen <i>et al</i>., Management of sporadic duodenal adenomas and the association with colorectal neoplasms: a retrospective cohort study.<i>J Clin Gastroenterol</i> 2012 May Spigelman <i>et al</i>., Upper gastrointestinal cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. <i>Lancet</i> 1989 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Roentgenologic and Clinical Aspects of Hyperphalangism (Polyphalangism) and Brachydactylism
Authors: Melvin I. Shoul, Max Ritvo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE purpose of this communication is to describe a syndrome that involves the hands and feet and is characterized by more than the normal number of phalanges in the affected finger. This feature of the syndrome is called hyperphalangy or polyphalangy and should be distinguished from polydactyly, in which there are more than the usual 5 fingers in the individual hand. No definitive or etiologic name has been applied to the syndrome. Leboucq,1 of Belgium, is credited with the description of the first case in 1896. Since that time 39 additional cases have been recorded, chiefly in the German and . . .
Parathyroid hormone fragments inhibit active hormone and hypocalcemia-induced 1,25(OH)2D synthesis
Authors: M. Usatii, L. Rousseau, C. Demers, J.-L. Petit, J.-H. Brossard, M. Gascon-Barré, J.R. Lavigne, R.J. Zahradnik, E.F. Nemeth, P. D'Amour
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Effects of secretin on peritubular capillary physical factors and proximal fluid reabsorption in the rat.
Authors: J I Mertz, J A Haas, T J Berndt, J C Burnett, F G Knox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

The effects of secretin vasodilation on peritubular capillary Starling forces and absolute proximal reabsorption were examined in the rat. Secretin was infused at 75 mU/kg per min into the aorta above the left renal artery. Efferent plasma flow increased from 125 +/- 28 to 230 +/- 40 nl/min with secretin infusion. Single nephron filtration rate (44 +/- 6 vs. 44 +/- 7 nl/min) and absolute proximal reabsorption (21 +/- 5 vs. 21 +/- 4 nl/min) were not significantly changed. Peritubular capillary and interstitial hydrostatic pressures increased with secretin infusions (from 9 +/- 0.4 to 15 +/- 0.7 mmHg and from 3 +/- 0.2 to 4 +/- 0.2 mmHg, respectively). Both peritubular capillary and interstitial oncotic pressures decreased (from 25 +/- 2 to 20 +/- 2 mmHg and from 10 +/- 1 to 4 +/- 1 mmHg, respectively) during secretin infusion. The net reabsorption pressure for peritubular capillary uptake significantly decreased from 9 +/- 2 to 5 +/- 2 mmHg and the coefficient of reabsorption increased from 3 +/- 1 to 6 +/- 2 nl/min per mmHg. We conclude that although secretin causes a vasodilation and decreases net reabsorption pressure, absolute proximal reabsorption is unchanged. Peritubular capillary uptake is maintained, and since net reabsorption pressure is decreased, the coefficient of reabsorption is increased.
Hematogenous Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer: Rethinking Mode of Spread
Authors: Sunila Pradeep, Seung W. Kim, Sherry Y. Wu, Masato Nishimura, Pradeep Chaluvally-Raghavan, Takahito Miyake, Chad V. Pecot, Sun-Jin Kim, Hyun Jin Choi, Farideh Z. Bischoff, Julie Ann Mayer, Li Huang, Alpa M. Nick, Carolyn S. Hall, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Behrouz Zand, Heather J. Dalton, Thiruvengadam Arumugam, Ho Jeong Lee, Hee Dong Han, Min Soon Cho, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Lingegowda S. Mangala, Vasudha Sehgal, Sang Cheul Oh, Jinsong Liu, Ju-Seog Lee, Robert L. Coleman, Prahlad Ram, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Isaiah J. Fidler, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Gastric ulcer: is endoscopy always necessary?
Authors: R H Salter, D K Gill, T G Girdwood, R H McNeil, G Athey
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Gastric ulcer: is endoscopy always necessary?Crucial to the management of gastric ulceration is the accurate distinction between benign and malignant lesions.Controversy continues over how this should be achieved, the conclusion from a recent retrospective study' being that all gastric ulcers should be assessed endoscopically and tissue obtained for histological diagnosis by means of multiple biopsy and brush cytology.Good-quality double-contrast radiology of the stomach appears to permit accurate prediction of whether a gastric ulcer is benign or malignant provided that the "guideline" pattern around the ulcer crater is adequately shown.2 3 If this is so endoscopy could be reserved for doubtful cases rather than being a routine procedure.Guideline patterns indicating benign ulcer (left) and malignant lesion (right).
Gefitinib (IRESSA) with Vinorelbine or Vinorelbine/Cisplatin for Chemotherapy-Naive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Jean-Louis Pujol, Patrick Viens, Paul Rebattu, Scott A. Laurie, Ronald Feld, Anne Deneulin, Abderrahim Fandi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
Biopsy Diagnosis of Surgical Infections
Authors: Basil A. Pruitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

A favorable outcome of necrotizing subcutaneous infections and other invasive soft-tissue infections that spread rapidly is dependent on early diagnosis followed by prompt surgical intervention to debride necrotic and infected tissue and prevent further extension and systemic spread of the septic process. In the early stages of many invasive infections originating in surface wounds, local signs are initially minimal and become more prominent as the disease progresses. Deep tissue pain with focal surface hypoesthesia and ecchymotic changes of intact skin overlying the infected tissue (considered to be characteristic of necrotizing fasciitis) indicate neural and vascular involvement, respectively, and signify the . . .
Triplets Living Over Eighty Years.
Authors: B. A. Hoover
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Wrightsville, Pa., Aug. 1, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, July 28, Dr. John L. Davis, Cincinnati, speaks of triplets alive at the age of 47, and states that so far as he knows this record is unequaled. In this connection I would say that at Manchester, York County, Pa., on Dec. 3, 1903, there died the last of a set of triplets aged 86 years, 10 months and 6 days. The other two died at the ages of 84 and 80, respectively. This remarkable trio was of German ancestry, of the name of Strickler, a common name in this part of the country. David, the brother, was born last and died first. One sister, Lena, the second born, died second, while Mary, the first born, survived the longest. These people lived quietly and peacefully in the country engaged in agricultural pursuits, which probably added to their longevity. In
GPs face delays in getting flu vaccine
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A fifth of general practices in England and Wales face delays in receiving flu vaccine supplies, just as this year’s campaign gets under way.

One of the major suppliers of seasonal flu vaccine, Sanofi-Pasteur MSD, which supplies about 20% of GPs with flu vaccine, has reported packaging problems, which means that some practices may not get all their supplies until mid-November.

A company spokesman said, “We are currently facing an unforeseen bottleneck in our packaging facilities, which has temporarily impacted our ability to deliver all the doses we have produced. We are doing everything …
Neural regulation of heart rate variability in endurance athletes and sedentary controls
Authors: E M Dixon, M V Kamath, N McCartney, E L Fallen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aim was to examine the cardiac autonomic responses to orthostatic stress and recovery from steady state exercise in endurance trained athletes and sedentary subjects. Methods: The power spectrum of heart rate variability was measured before and after exercise in 10 male long distance runners and 14 male sedentary control subjects. Both groups were comparable in sex, age, and body mass index. Continuous ECG recordings were obtained during the following physiological manoeuvres: 45 min supine rest state; 10 min standing; 15 min steady state exercise at 50% maximum workload, and 15 min while supine during post-exercise recovery. The resting heart rate of athletes was lower than controls, at 52(SD 4.9) v 67(8.7) beats·min−1, p<0.001. Power spectrum analysis was performed using autoregressive modelling. Results: The resting high frequency (HF) vagal component was higher in athletes than controls, at 62(10.7) v 44(22.4) beats·min−1-Hz−1, p<0.05. The resting low frequency (LF) peak power was significantly reduced in athletes, at 54(9.9) v 70(19.5) in control, p<0.05. Although no group differences were observed during upright posture or exercise, the LF:HF area ratio had already returned to pre-exercise levels within 5 min of recovery in athletes. Conversely, it required up to 15 min of recovery before a noticeable decrease in the LF:HF area ratio was seen in controls. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that endurance training modifies heart rate control in whole or in part through neurocardiac mechanisms.
New Perspectives on Urinary Tract Infection in Men Comment on “Urinary Tract Infection in Male Veterans: Treatment Patterns and Outcomes” and on “Preoperative Urine Cultures at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center”
Authors: Barbara W Trautner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2012)

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Adverse outcome in aortic sclerosis is associated with coronary artery disease and inflammation
Authors: Harish R. Chandra, James A. Goldstein, Nivedita Choudhary, Carol S. O'Neill, Peter B. George, Sreenivasulu R. Gangasani, Lynn Cronin, Pamela A. Marcovitz, Andrew M. Hauser, William W. O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Present status of ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation in Japan
Authors: Hiroto Egawa, Satoshi Teramukai, Hironori Haga, Minoru Tanabe, Masanori Fukushima, Motohide Shimazu
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

ABO-incompatible (ABO-I) living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been performed in Japan to overcome the organ shortage. Reported herein are the results of this approach through March 2006 in the National Registry of the Japan Study Group for ABO-incompatible transplantation. The questionnaires consisted of patient characteristics, operative data, and strategies for preventing antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Data of 291 patients (follow-up period, 8 months-15 years; mean, 35 months) from 28 institutions were collected. Age was younger than 1 year in 68 patients, 1 to 7 years in 60 patients, 8 to15 years in 27 patients, and 16 years or older in 136 patients. The strategy for the blood-type barrier was heterogeneous in terms of recipient age, transplant center, and era. Local infusion and rituximab prophylaxis were applied in 2000 and 2003, respectively. The 5-year patient survival rate was 85% in infants and 52% in adults. The major causes of death were infection and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Multivariate analysis showed that age group, preoperative condition, antibody titer, and infection significantly affected survival. Age group, antibody titer, and local infusion treatment significantly affected the incidence of AMR. Patient survival rates were significantly higher and the incidence of AMR was significantly lower in adult patients after 2000 (3 year-survival rate, 29%, 56%, and 61%; incidence of AMR, 47%, 27%, and 16%, through May 2000, from June 2000 through October 2003, and from November 2003, respectively). Conclusion: ABO-incompatible LDLT is a standard practice in children, and local infusion and rituximab prophylaxis are promising in adults. (Hepatology 2007.)
A FINAL WORD TO THE FELLOWS AND. MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
Authors: A. JACOBI
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The duties and responsibilities of your presidents are such as to prevent them from addressing you frequently in your open meetings. That is why I avail myself of the courtesy of the Editor ofThe Journalwhich permits me to deliver a brief valedictory to my friends all over the country and to add some remarks in connection with the subject discussed in the inaugural address<sup>1</sup>I delivered on June 4, 1912. Advancing years have added to the greatness of the edifice called the American Medical Association. It has served you, its constituents; it has benefited the American people. From year to year its scientific work has expanded and its civic importance increased. Its Judicial Council and its councils on Health and Public Instruction, Medical Education and on Pharmacy and Chemistry, have submerged scores of inferior medical schools, enlarged knowledge, opened new horizons and fastened the links between all classes
Efficacité et pronostic du traitement endoscopique des sténoses post-opératoires après chirurgie laparoscopique bariatrique
Authors: G Vanbiervliet, M Dahman, JF Demarquay, A Iannelli, R Dumas, F Berthier, S Schneider, T Piche, A Tran, J Gugenheim, X Hébuterne
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

La sténose post-opératoire symptomatique après chirurgie laparoscopique bariatrique est une complication fréquente. L'efficacité et le pronostic du traitement endoscopique dans cette indication n'ont pas été étudiés sur de large série de malades. Le but de l'étude était d'évaluer ces données dans le traitement des sténoses après gastroplastie verticale annulaire et bypass gastrique par Roux-en-Y réalisés pour obésité morbide.