tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Optimal positive airway pressure predicts oral appliance response to sleep apnoea
Authors: S. Tsuiki, M. Kobayashi, K. Namba, Y. Oka, Y. Komada, T. Kagimura, Y. Inoue
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Patients with less severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are usually prescribed oral appliances and/or smaller optimal nasal continuous positive airway pressure ( P nCPAP ) in nCPAP therapy. We hypothesised that OSA patients with greater P nCPAP would not respond favourably to oral appliances. Oral appliances were inserted in nCPAP users after washing-out the nCPAP effect. Follow-up polysomnography was undertaken with the adjusted oral appliance in place. The predictability of P nCPAP was evaluated with receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The median baseline apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) was reduced with the oral appliance from 36 to 12 events·h −1 in 35 patients. When responders were defined as patients showing a follow-up AHI of &lt;5 events·h −1 with &gt;50% reduction in baseline AHI, the area under the ROC curve for P nCPAP was 0.76. The best cut-off value of P nCPAP turned out to be 10.5 cmH 2 O with a high negative predictive value (0.93) and a low negative likelihood ratio (0.18). OSA patients with a P nCPAP of &gt;10.5 cmH 2 O are unlikely to respond to oral appliance therapy. This prediction is clinically helpful to both OSA patients and medical personnel in discussing oral appliances as a temporary substitute and/or alternative for nCPAP.
Familial cutaneous collagenomas resulting from a novel mutation in LEMD3
Authors: D. Hershkovitz, D.B. Amitai, E. Sprecher
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Familial cutaneous collagenomas resulting from a novel mutation in LEMD3 Get access D. Hershkovitz, D. Hershkovitz Laboratory of Molecular Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, Haifa 31096, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.B. Amitai, D.B. Amitai Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petach‐Tikvah, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Sprecher E. Sprecher Laboratory of Molecular Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, Haifa 31096, IsraelBruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Correspondence: Eli Sprecher. E‐mail: e_sprecher@rambam.health.gov.il Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 2, 1 February 2007, Pages 375–377, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07651.x Published: 01 February 2007
THE DIAGNOSIS OF CEREBRAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
Authors: J. R. SMYTHIES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Some points of interest arose out of this study: 1. Some cases of depression(8) were misdiagnosed as suffering from dementia; the impaired powers of concentration and attention found in depression presumably giving a false impression of impaired memory and of dementia. 2. The reverse mistake was much less common (2 in this series) and one can conclude that only a minority of cases (2 of 15 in this series) of cerebral arteriosclerosis will present without signs of focal neurological damage. 3. The presence or absence of peripheral or retinal arteriosclerosis had no bearing on the state of the cerebral vessels. 4. The small differences between the psychologist's and physician's assessment of dementia is probably of no significance particularly as the psychologists used many tests (e. g., Goldstein's) that are no longer in general use.
Tracheobronchial amyloidosis with hilar lymphadenopathy associated with a serum monoclonal immunoglobulin
Authors: B Crestani, A Monnier, M Kambouchner, JP Battesti, P Reynaud, D Valeyre
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

We report a case of amyloidosis, restricted to the lower respiratory tract, with prominent tracheobronchial involvement and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, associated with a monoclonal serum protein of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) lambda type. The careful search for an extrathoracic site of involvement was negative. This particular association has not been reported previously.
Overview of BioCreative II gene normalization
Authors: Alexander A Morgan, Zhiyong Lu, Xinglong Wang, Aaron M Cohen, Juliane Fluck, Patrick Ruch, Anna Divoli, Katrin Fundel, Robert Leaman, Jörg Hakenberg, Chengjie Sun, Heng-hui Liu, Rafael Torres, Michael Krauthammer, William W Lau, Hongfang Liu, Chun-Nan Hsu, Martijn Schuemie, K Bretonnel Cohen, Lynette Hirschman
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

The goal of the gene normalization task is to link genes or gene products mentioned in the literature to biological databases. This is a key step in an accurate search of the biological literature. It is a challenging task, even for the human expert; genes are often described rather than referred to by gene symbol and, confusingly, one gene name may refer to different genes (often from different organisms). For BioCreative II, the task was to list the Entrez Gene identifiers for human genes or gene products mentioned in PubMed/MEDLINE abstracts. We selected abstracts associated with articles previously curated for human genes. We provided 281 expert-annotated abstracts containing 684 gene identifiers for training, and a blind test set of 262 documents containing 785 identifiers, with a gold standard created by expert annotators. Inter-annotator agreement was measured at over 90%. Twenty groups submitted one to three runs each, for a total of 54 runs. Three systems achieved F-measures (balanced precision and recall) between 0.80 and 0.81. Combining the system outputs using simple voting schemes and classifiers obtained improved results; the best composite system achieved an F-measure of 0.92 with 10-fold cross-validation. A 'maximum recall' system based on the pooled responses of all participants gave a recall of 0.97 (with precision 0.23), identifying 763 out of 785 identifiers. Major advances for the BioCreative II gene normalization task include broader participation (20 versus 8 teams) and a pooled system performance comparable to human experts, at over 90% agreement. These results show promise as tools to link the literature with biological databases.
Effect of gastric acid suppressants on human gastric motility
Authors: H P Parkman, J-L C Urbain, L C Knight, K L Brown, D M Trate, M A Miller, A H Maurer, R S Fisher
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background— The effect of histamine H 2 receptor antagonists on gastric emptying is controversial. Aims— To determine the effects of ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole on gastric motility and emptying. Patients and methods— Fifteen normal subjects underwent simultaneous antroduodenal manometry, electrogastrography (EGG), and gastric emptying with dynamic antral scintigraphy (DAS). After 30 minutes of fasting manometry and EGG recording, subjects received either intravenous saline, ranitidine, or famotidine, followed by another 30 minutes recording and then three hours of postprandial recording after ingestion of a radiolabelled meal. Images were obtained every 10–15 minutes for three hours to measure gastric emptying and assess antral contractility. Similar testing was performed after omeprazole 20 mg daily for one week. Results— Fasting antral phase III migrating motor complexes (MMCs) were more common after ranitidine (9/15 subjects, 60%), famotidine (12/15, 80%), and omeprazole (8/12, 67%) compared with placebo (4/14, 29%; p&lt;0.05). Postprandially, ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole slowed gastric emptying, increased the amplitude of DAS contractions, increased the EGG power, and increased the antral manometric motility index. Conclusions— Suppression of gastric acid secretion with therapeutic doses of gastric acid suppressants is associated with delayed gastric emptying but increased antral motility.
Caring for Aged Dementia Care Resident Study (CADRES) of person-centred care, dementia-care mapping, and usual care in dementia: a cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Lynn Chenoweth, Madeleine T King, Yun-Hee Jeon, Henry Brodaty, Jane Stein-Parbury, Richard Norman, Marion Haas, Georgina Luscombe
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2009)
Linkage of azurophil granule secretion in neutrophils to chloride ion transport and endosomal transcytosis.
Authors: C Fittschen, P M Henson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Neutrophils contain at least two types of secretory granules. The present work links the secretion of the (lysosomal type) azurophil granules, but not that of specific granules, to endosomal transport mechanisms. (a) Selective stimulation of azurophil granule secretion by the Na-ionophore Monensin, or nonselective stimulation by FMLP after cytochalasin B pretreatment elicited marked pinocytic activity in parallel with azurophil granule release, whereas FMLP alone, selective for specific granules, elicited little fluid pinocytosis. (b) Pinosomes thus formed fused with azurophil granules, suggesting that exocytosis of azurophil granules might occur via endosomal organelles. This hypothesis was tested by determining the effect on the endosomal pathway(s) of two treatments that selectively prevent the release of azurophil granule contents without interfering with specific granule secretion, namely replacement of Cl- with gluconate- or the addition of zinc. Replacement of Cl- was found to impair the pinocytosis process itself, whereas ZnSO4 appeared to prevent the fusion between endosomes and azurophil granules. These data support the concept that the (lysosomal type) azurophil granules, but not the specific granules, are secreted through the endosomal pathway.
Immunization with Mimotopes Prevents Growth of Carcinoembryonic Antigen–Positive Tumors in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Kira H. Brämswig, Regina Knittelfelder, Silke Gruber, Eva Untersmayr, Angelika B. Riemer, Krisztina Szalai, Reinhard Horvat, Robert Kammerer, Wolfgang Zimmermann, Christoph C. Zielinski, Otto Scheiner, Erika Jensen-Jarolim
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein that is overexpressed in nearly 50% of all human and veterinarian tumors. At present, anti-CEA antibodies are being tested in clinical studies as passive immunotherapeutics. This study aims to establish an active immunotherapy for the poorly immunogenic CEA glycoprotein by generating antigen surrogates. Experimental Design: We used the monoclonal anti-CEA antibody Col-1 and the biopanning method to generate peptide mimics (mimotopes) of the Col-1 epitope. The peptide showing the highest specificity and mimicry was synthesized as an octameric multiple antigenic mimotope (MAM). Subsequently, immunogenicity of the selected mimotope was examined in BALB/c mice. We assessed antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by the induced antibodies on CEA-expressing HT29 tumor cells. Furthermore, after immunization, the BALB/c mice were transplanted s.c. with Meth-A/CEA tumor cells. Results: When BALB/c mice were immunized with this MAM, they generated a specific humoral immune response against CEA. The mimotope-induced polyclonal and poly-isotypic antibodies induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro. Furthermore, when MAM-immunized mice were transplanted s.c. with Meth-A/CEA cells expressing human CEA, a suppressed tumor growth was observed. Conclusion: From our results, we can conclude that the Col-1 epitope of the glycoprotein CEA can be translated into an immunogenic peptide mimic. The mimotope-induced antibodies recognize CEA and do effectively inhibit growth of CEA-positive tumors. Based on these finding, we suggest that the generated mimotopes are candidates for active immunotherapy of CEA-expressing tumors.
Lung function quality in patients with myotonic dystrophia type 1
Authors: Astrid Otte, Roy Sprooten, Nicolle Cobben, Dionne Braeken, Gernot Rohde, Emiel Wouters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction   All patients (pts) with myotonic dystrophia type 1 (DM1) are at risk for respiratory failure (RF), which has been found responsible for 40% mortality in this population. Results from respiratory screening in other neuromuscular diseases have lead in the DM1 population to expert opinion based advice to evaluate lung function (LF) to identify patients at risk of RF.   Objective   To assess lung function (LF) quality in DM1 pts referred for respiratory evaluation.   Methods   Retrospectively data analysis from June 2008 until January 2014. LF was performed according to ERS/ATS guidelines, by experienced analysts, with emphasis on the difference of sitting and supine testing (ΔFVCin).   Results   114 pts were eligible for evaluation. 37 (32.5%) two were unable to perform the LF, in 35 the LF was of poor quality. Several causes were reported: insufficient reproducibility of LF (19), inability to hold mouthpiece (8), insufficient hand function (8), fatigue during function testing (3), fear of orthopnea in supine position (2). In several pts we found combined problems and 5 pts could not be instructed on how to perform the LF test.  77 pts were evaluated: age 45.3 (+ 12.2)years), 31 pts (40.3%) were male, BMI 26 kg/m 2  (15.3-45.4). Pimax 44.7 (3.3-124) % pred.  FVCin (sit) 72.3 (+ 19.9)%pred, was significantly higher than FVCin (sup) 66.6% (+18.8) pred (p   Conclusion    In nearly one third of this population LF could not be performed adequately. In the remaining pts there was a significant difference between sitting and supping LF. Though sequential LF testing is advised to identify patients with NMD at risk for RF, this test is not usable as a standard screening tool in the entire DM1 population.
MHC class II–dependent basophil–CD4+ T cell interactions promote TH2 cytokine–dependent immunity
Authors: Jacqueline G Perrigoue, Steven A Saenz, Mark C Siracusa, Eric J Allenspach, Betsy C Taylor, Paul R Giacomin, Meera G Nair, Yurong Du, Colby Zaph, Nico van Rooijen, Michael R Comeau, Edward J Pearce, Terri M Laufer, David Artis
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
Abnormal Interactions of Calsequestrin With the Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel Complex Linked to Exercise-Induced Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Dmitry Terentyev, Alessandra Nori, Massimo Santoro, Serge Viatchenko-Karpinski, Zuzana Kubalova, Inna Gyorke, Radmila Terentyeva, Srikanth Vedamoorthyrao, Nico A. Blom, Giorgia Valle, Carlo Napolitano, Simon C. Williams, Pompeo Volpe, Silvia G. Priori, Sandor Gyorke
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a familial arrhythmogenic disorder associated with mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor ( RyR2 ) and cardiac calsequestrin ( CASQ2 ) genes. Previous in vitro studies suggested that RyR2 and CASQ2 interact as parts of a multimolecular Ca 2+ -signaling complex; however, direct evidence for such interactions and their potential significance to myocardial function remain to be determined. We identified a novel CASQ2 mutation in a young female with a structurally normal heart and unexplained syncopal episodes. This mutation results in the nonconservative substitution of glutamine for arginine at amino acid 33 of CASQ2 (R33Q). Adenoviral-mediated expression of CASQ2 R33Q in adult rat myocytes led to an increase in excitation–contraction coupling gain and to more frequent occurrences of spontaneous propagating (Ca 2+ waves) and local Ca 2+ signals (sparks) with respect to control cells expressing wild-type CASQ2 (CASQ2 WT ). As revealed by a Ca 2+ indicator entrapped inside the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of permeabilized myocytes, the increased occurrence of spontaneous Ca 2+ sparks and waves was associated with a dramatic decrease in intra-SR [Ca 2+ ]. Recombinant CASQ2 WT and CASQ2 R33Q exhibited similar Ca 2+ -binding capacities in vitro; however, the mutant protein lacked the ability of its WT counterpart to inhibit RyR2 activity at low luminal [Ca 2+ ] in planar lipid bilayers. We conclude that the R33Q mutation disrupts interactions of CASQ2 with the RyR2 channel complex and impairs regulation of RyR2 by luminal Ca 2+ . These results show that intracellular Ca 2+ cycling in normal heart relies on an intricate interplay of CASQ2 with the proteins of the RyR2 channel complex and that disruption of these interactions can lead to cardiac arrhythmia.
Suppression of uninvolved immunoglobulins defined by heavy/light chain pair suppression is a risk factor for progression of MGUS
Authors: J A Katzmann, R Clark, R A Kyle, D R Larson, T M Therneau, L J Melton, J T Benson, C L Colby, A Dispenzieri, O Landgren, S Kumar, A R Bradwell, J R Cerhan, S V Rajkumar
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Effect of Conditional Knockout of the Type II <i>TGF-β</i> Receptor Gene in Mammary Epithelia on Mammary Gland Development and Polyomavirus Middle T Antigen Induced Tumor Formation and Metastasis
Authors: Elizabeth Forrester, Anna Chytil, Brian Bierie, Mary Aakre, Agnieszka E. Gorska, Ali-Reza Sharif-Afshar, William J. Muller, Harold L. Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) isoforms are growth factors that function physiologically to regulate development, cellular proliferation, and immune responses. The role of TGF-β signaling in mammary tumorigenesis is complex, as TGF-β has been reported to function as both a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. To elucidate the role of TGF-β signaling in mammary gland development, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, the gene encoding type II TGF-β receptor, Tgfbr2, was conditionally deleted in the mammary epithelium (Tgfbr2MGKO). Loss of Tgfbr2 in the mammary epithelium results in lobular-alveolar hyperplasia in the developing mammary gland and increased apoptosis. Tgfbr2MGKO mice were mated to the mouse mammary tumor virus-polyomavirus middle T antigen (PyVmT) transgenic mouse model of metastatic breast cancer. Loss of Tgfbr2 in the context of PyVmT expression results in a shortened median tumor latency and an increased formation of pulmonary metastases. Thus, our studies support a tumor-suppressive role for epithelial TGF-β signaling in mammary gland tumorigenesis and show that pulmonary metastases can occur and are even enhanced in the absence of TGF-β signaling in the carcinoma cells.
Why Cancer Patients Enter Randomized Clinical Trials: Exploring the Factors That Influence Their Decision
Authors: James R. Wright, Timothy J. Whelan, Susan Schiff, Sacha Dubois, Dauna Crooks, Patricia T. Haines, Diane DeRosa, Robin S. Roberts, Amiram Gafni, Kathleen Pritchard, Mark N. Levine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Few interventions have been designed and tested to improve recruitment to clinical trials in oncology. The multiple factors influencing patients' decisions have made the prioritization of specific interventions challenging. The present study was undertaken to identify the independent predictors of a cancer patient's decision to enter a randomized clinical trial.A list of factors from the medical literature was augmented with a series of focus groups involving cancer patients, physicians, and clinical research associates (CRAs). A series of questionnaires was developed with items based on these factors and were administered concurrently to 189 cancer patients, their physicians, and CRAs following the patient's decision regarding trial entry. Forward logistic regression modeling was performed using the items significantly correlated (by univariate analysis) with the decision to enter a clinical trial.A number of items were significantly correlated with the patient's decision. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the patient's perception of personal benefit was the most important, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.08 (P < .05). CRA-related items involving supportive aspects of the decision-making process were also important. These included whether the CRA helped with the decision (OR = 1.71; P < .05), and whether the decision was hard for the patient to make (OR = 0.52; P < .05).Strategies that better address the potential benefits of trial entry may result in improved accrual. Interventions or aids that focus on the supportive aspects of the decision-making process while respecting the need for information and patient autonomy may also lead to meaningful improvements in accrual.
Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: A prospective magnetic resonance imaging and histological study
Authors: Maïté Lewin, Valérie Vilgrain, Violaine Ozenne, Maud Lemoine, Dominique Wendum, Valérie Paradis, Marianne Ziol, Lionel Arrivé, Michel Beaugrand, Raoul Poupon, Dominique Valla, Olivier Chazouillères, Christophe Corpechot
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

The development of sclerosing cholangitis (SC) is observed in up to 50% of children followed up for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). In adults, the prevalence is less known, although a recent study found evidence of SC in 10% of AIH patients using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the prevalence of SC in adults with AIH. Fifty-nine consecutive patients with AIH diagnosed according to International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group score (women, 71%; mean age, 48 years; cirrhosis, 23%) underwent both MRCP and percutaneous liver biopsy. Twenty-seven patients with cirrhosis of nonbiliary or non-autoimmune etiology served as controls. Fourteen AIH patients (24%) showed mild MRCP abnormalities of intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs). None had abnormal common bile duct or convincing evidence of SC on MRCP or biopsy. A diagnosis of overlapping SC was nevertheless retained in one patient with MRCP abnormalities who subsequently developed symptomatic cholestasis despite corticosteroid therapy. Fibrosis score was the only independent parameter associated with bile duct abnormalities on MRCP (odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4-4.7) and the percentage of patients with IHBD MRCP abnormalities was not different among F3-F4 AIH patients (n = 24) and cirrhotic controls (46% versus 59%; NS).In this cohort of adult patients with AIH, the prevalence of SC was much lower than previously reported (1.7%). Mild MRCP abnormalities of IHBD were seen in a quarter of patients, but these abnormalities resulted from hepatic fibrosis and not SC. In the absence of cholestatic presentation, MRCP screening does not seem justified in adult-onset AIH.