tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preconditioning in Immature Rabbit Hearts
Authors: John E. Baker, Patricia Holman, Garrett J. Gross
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The protective effects of ischemic preconditioning have been shown to occur in adult hearts of all species studied. We determined whether immature hearts normoxic or chronically hypoxic from birth could be preconditioned, the time window or memory of the cardioprotective effect, and the involvement of the K ATP channel. Methods and Results —Isolated immature rabbit hearts (7 to 10 days old) were subjected to 0, 1, or 3 cycles of preconditioning consisting of 5 minutes of global ischemia plus 10 minutes of reperfusion. This was followed by 30 minutes of global ischemia and 35 minutes of reperfusion. Normoxic hearts (F io 2 =0.21) subjected to 1 cycle of preconditioning recovered 70±7% of left ventricular developed pressure compared with 43±8% recovery in nonpreconditioned controls. Three cycles of preconditioning did not result in additional recovery (63±8%). Hearts from rabbits raised from birth in hypoxic conditions (F io 2 =0.12) and subjected to 1 and 3 preconditioning cycles did not show increased recovery (68±8% and 65±5%) compared with nonpreconditioned hypoxic controls (63±9%), although the recovery was greater in chronically hypoxic hearts than in age-matched normoxic controls. Increasing the recovery period after the preconditioning stimulus from 10 to 30 minutes resulted in a loss of cardioprotection. Pretreatment of normoxic hearts for 30 minutes with the K ATP channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (300 μmol/L) completely abolished preconditioning (70±7% to 35±9%) but had no effect on nonpreconditioned hearts (40±8%). Conclusions —Immature hearts normoxic from birth can be preconditioned, whereas immature hearts hypoxic from birth cannot. Preconditioning in normoxic immature hearts is associated with activation of the K ATP channel.
Comparison of two sialosyl-Tn binding monoclonal antibodies (MLS102 and B72.3) in detecting pancreatic cancer.
Authors: C K Ching, S W Holmes, G K Holmes, R G Long
Journal: Gut (1993)

An immunohistochemical study has been carried out to compare and contrast the cellular distribution of two different sialosyl-Tn antigen binding monoclonal antibodies, MLS102 and B72.3, in the pancreas. MLS102 but not B72.3 monoclonal antibody binding increases with the content of the sialosyl-Tn epitopes. It was found that all 13 pancreatic cancer specimens bound both MLS102 and B72.3 monoclonal antibodies. Their cellular distribution in the cancer was virtually identical. Fifteen of 20 (75%) patients with chronic pancreatitis and five of 10 (50%) normal subjects were B72.3 positive, but MLS102 was completely negative in the latter group. Both monoclonal antibodies bound fetal pancreas diffusely. Thus, when pancreatic ductal cells have undergone malignant transformation, like the fetal pancreas, they express cell surface and secreted glycoconjugates with increased sialosyl-Tn epitopes suggesting enhanced 2-6 sialosyltransferase activity. This study shows that MLS102 is an extremely sensitive and specific tumour marker in the pancreas and that it is better than B72.3 in distinguishing pancreatic cancer from normal and chronic pancreatitis.
Complications of tracheostomy.
Authors: R. M. McClelland
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Tracheostomy used to be reserved for the severely ill patient with acute respiratory obstruction. As the incidence of diphtheria declined the operation came to be performed only occasionally, particularly as the high mortality and complica tion rates associated with the use of tracheostomy in diphtheria were well remembered. But within the past 20 years a great change has occurred as the indications for tracheostomy have widened to include trach?al and bronchial toilet (Galloway, 1943), intermittent positive-pressure ventilation of the lungs (Lassen, 1953), protection against inhalation of foreign matter (Taylor and Austin, 1951), and reduction of dead space (Carter and Giuseffi, 1951). This increased use of tracheostomy has undoubtedly prevented many deaths from diseases which formerly were inevitably fatal. However, the former high complication rate may well have been overlooked as enthusiasm for the operation increased, and little information is now available on the incidence and types of complications of tracheostomy.
The role of complement in the clearance of cold agglutinin-sensitized erythrocytes in man.
Authors: C J Jaffe, J P Atkinson, M M Frank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

To define the pathophysiologic mechanisms of cold agglutinin disease, we investigated a human model of this syndrome in normal volunteers and in patients with diminished levels of serum complement. Subjects received intravenous injections of autologous, chromated (51Cr) erythrocytes which had been exposed in vitro to purified cold agglutinin preparations and to fresh autologous serum (as a source of complement). In vitro tests confirmed that such cells were coated with activated complement components (C3b), but not with immunoglobulin. Studies of erythrocyte clearance and simultaneous organ scanning showed that erythrocytes sensitized with low levels of cold agglutinin primarily undergo reticuloendothelial sequestration by the liver rather than intravascular hemolysis. After the initial sequestration of C3b-coated erythrocytes, a fraction of the cells are released back into the circulation and survive normally thereafter. Both phenomena are dose dependent and closely follow the sequestration and release pattern observed with IgM isoagglutinin sensitization. Experiments that used heated autologous serum as a source of B3 inactivator demonstrated that functionally intact C3b is required for hepatic sequestration. Erythrocytes coated with C3d were not cleared from the circulation. In vitro assays that sued human macrophage monolayers suggested that the intrahepatic conversion of C3b to C3d is responsible for the release of sensitized erythrocytes back into the circulation. The clearance of cold agglutinin-sensititzed erythrocytes was compared to the clearance mediated by IgM isoagglutinin. We found that the rate of complement fixation by an IgM antibody proceeds rapidly in vivo that the time for complement activation is not a factor in limiting the rate of hepatic sequestration. The major limiting factor appears to be the rate of liver blood flow. Maximal in vitro coating of erythrocytes with C3d conferred protection from further cold agglutinin sensitization but not from IgM isoagglutinin-mediated clearance. This suggests a mechanism for the resistance to lysis observed in cells obtained from patients with the cold agglutinin syndrome and confirms the marked dependence of the site of C3 attachment on the site of membrane localization of the sensitizing antibody.
Steroids slow progression of chronic lung disease
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Inhaled corticosteroids slow progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by up to 30%, a new study has shown.

Emphysema, bronchitis, and bronchiectasis are the most common types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Over time, patients develop dyspnoea and increased susceptibility to lung infections and may become dependent on supplemental oxygen.

Although doctors commonly treat exacerbations of the disease with steroids, it has been unclear whether …
Computed tomography: a new method for diagnosing tumor of the heart.
Authors: J D Godwin, L Axel, J R Adams, N B Schiller, P C Simpson, E W Gertz
Journal: Circulation (1981)

An unsuspected metastasis of liposarcoma of the heart was detected on a computed tomographic (CT) examination of the chest. Further CT study with i.v. contrast administration gave excellent delineation of the tumor. Compared with two-dimensional echocardiography and angiocardiography, CT was best at showing the myocardial and intrapericardial extension of the tumor, but did not show movement of the tumor during the cardiac cycle. CT is a useful noninvasive method for evaluating cardiac metastasis. Its advantages and disadvantages with respect to echocardiography and angiocardiography are discussed.
Medical Applications of Biotechnology
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stinging insect allergy: sensitization to vespids in Madrid and surroundings
Authors: J. Puyana, M. L. Díez‐Gómez, M. Cuevas, S. Quirce, M. Fernandez Rivas, M. Hinojosa
Journal: Allergy (1990)

The study comprised 28 patients from the centre of Spain (Madrid and surroundings) who had suffered systemic reactions when stung by vespids. Specific IgE antibodies to Vespula spp. and Polistes spp. venoms were measured by RAST. All patients had positive RAST to Vespula venom and half of them also had positive RAST to Polistes venom. A patient can be sensitive to both venoms due to either a clinical sensitization to both venoms, or common antigenic determinants. To differentiate these states we used a RAST inhibition assay. We could inhibit Polistes RAST with either Polistes or Vespula venom to a similar degree. Inhibition of Vespula RAST was possible with Vespula venom, but only to a limited degree with Polistes venom. Direct RAST and RAST inhibition studies indicate that in our geographic region sensitization to Vespula venom is more common than to Polistes venom and Polistes might have cross-reactivity in our patients.
BRAIN CHANGES IN ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY
Authors: LEO MADOW
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

1. The brains of 4 patients who died following electroshock treatment were studied. 2. A massive intraventricular hemorrhage was found in one. The other 3 had petechial hemorrhages, particularly in the periaqueductal gray matter and brainstem. 3. Only 1 case could be considered a cerebral death, the other 3 dying of cardiac failure. 4. The literature on animal experiments and reports on human beings are reviewed and discussed. 5. If the individual being treated is well physically, most of the neuropathological changes are reversible. If, on the other hand, the patient has cardiac, vascular, or renal disease, the cerebral changes, chiefly vascular, may be permanent.
The state of the prisons
Authors: E. M Bell
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Fetal monitoring during labour R S Sawers, mrcog. 484 Rational treatment of asthma P W Ind, mrcp. 484 Addiction to aerosol treatment I M Slessor . 485 Adrenocortical suppression in multiply injured patients: a complication of etomidate treatment H D Chee, md, and others; R W Logan, frcpath, and Josephine I McKee, mrcpath 485 Ethical dilemmas of brain failure in the elderly G S Robertson, ffarcs; P H Millard, frcp; J Kellett, frcpsych . 486 Standardisation of oral anticoagulant treatment A M H P van den Besselaar, phd, and others 486 Infection with netilmicin resistant Serrada marcescens M W Casewell, mrcpath, and Philomena Ronan, bsc . 487 Impact of audit on preventive measures R G H Bethel, mrcgp . 487 Screening for asymptomatic bowel cancer in general practice N C Armitage, frcs, and J D Hardcastle, mchir . 488 Institutional malnutrition A Burns, mrcp. 488 Arthritis in Roman Britain Juliet Rogers, MB, and P Dieppe, mrcp_488 Oxygen as a driving gas for nebulisers: safe or dangerous? S J Austin, MB, and C Chan, mrcp. 488 Development of a strategy for higher education I M Richardson, frcped; B H Taylor, bsc(econ) . 488 No man is an island J Callander, mrcgp. 489 Points Effects of perforated appendicitis in girls on subsequent fertility (W G Mills); Eld(er)ology (G Smelt); Not . . . achalasia (F W Wright); Potentiation of oral anti? coagulants by ketoconazole (T K Daneshmend); Calcium antagonists in hypertension (J J Jones); Kawasaki syn? drome (M B McEvoy and S M Hall); BMA sponsored candidates for GMC election (R G Watson) . 489
About juvenility, the features of feminine speech, and a big leap
Authors: Pierre Liénard
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

In this commentary, I ask three specific questions: (1) Why would a juvenile stage be maintained in humans? (2) What could be a satisfactory evolutionary scenario explaining the features of feminine speech? And (3), what could be the contribution of sexual selection in the elicitation of higher informational contents in communicative signals?
The Drug Regulation Reform Act of 1978
Authors: Martin I. Blake
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To  Editor.—  The Drug Regulation Reform Act of 1978 (HR 12980 and S 2755, 95th Congress, second session) supposedly is designed to update  Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 and is hoped to provide a mechanism that will facilitate  introduction of safe and effective drugs into our health care system. In  preface to an analysis of  proposed legislation,1Secretary of  Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Joseph Califano notes that the dynamic developments in  science of  therapy clearly have outstripped a relatively static law. In light of that comment, one wonders why  proposed Act continues to recognize as official  anachronousHomeopathic Pharmacopeiaand  drug entities and drug products contained therein. The analysis report makes  following statement: Homeopathy is analogous to (but in fact quite distinct from)  theory of immunization. An elaboration of that statement
Glucocorticoids inhibit IL-4 and mitogen-induced IL-4Rα chain expression by different posttranscriptional mechanisms☆☆☆★★★♢
Authors: Lourdes Mozo, Abel Gayo, Ana Suárez, Dolores Rivas, Joses Zamorano, Carmen Gutiérrez
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
KDM2A promotes lung tumorigenesis by epigenetically enhancing ERK1/2 signaling
Authors: Klaus W. Wagner, Hunain Alam, Shilpa S. Dhar, Uma Giri, Na Li, Yongkun Wei, Dipak Giri, Tina Cascone, Jae-Hwan Kim, Yuanqing Ye, Asha S. Multani, Chia-Hsin Chan, Baruch Erez, Babita Saigal, Jimyung Chung, Hui-Kuan Lin, Xifeng Wu, Mien-Chie Hung, John V. Heymach, Min Gyu Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Epigenetic dysregulation has emerged as a major contributor to tumorigenesis. Histone methylation is a well-established mechanism of epigenetic regulation that is dynamically modulated by histone methyltransferases and demethylases. The pathogenic role of histone methylation modifiers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, remains largely unknown. Here, we found that the histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) demethylase KDM2A (also called FBXL11 and JHDM1A) is frequently overexpressed in NSCLC tumors and cell lines. KDM2A and its catalytic activity were required for in vitro proliferation and invasion of KDM2A-overexpressing NSCLC cells. KDM2A overexpression in NSCLC cells with low KDM2A levels increased cell proliferation and invasiveness. KDM2A knockdown abrogated tumor growth and invasive abilities of NSCLC cells in mouse xenograft models. We identified dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) as a key KDM2A target gene and found that DUSP3 dephosphorylates ERK1/2 in NSCLC cells. KDM2A activated ERK1/2 through epigenetic repression of DUSP3 expression via demethylation of dimethylated H3K36 at the DUSP3 locus. High KDM2A levels correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. These findings uncover an unexpected role for a histone methylation modifier in activating ERK1/2 in lung tumorigenesis and metastasis, suggesting that KDM2A may be a promising therapeutic target in NSCLC.
P250 Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Once-daily Tiotropium And Olodaterol Fixed-dose Combination On Exercise Endurance In Patients With Copd
Authors: F. Maltais, J. G. Iturri, A. Kirsten, D. Singh, A. Hamilton, K. Tetzlaff, Y. Zhao, R. Casaburi
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Both tiotropium (T) and olodaterol (O) monotherapies improve exercise endurance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effects of T+O fixed-dose combination on exercise endurance in patients with Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2–3 COPD after 12 weeks. <h3>Methods</h3> TORRACTO (NCT01525615) was a 12-week, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, Phase III study. Patients with GOLD 2–3 COPD received T+O (5/5 µg or 2.5/5 µg) or placebo once daily via Respimat® Soft Mist™ inhaler. Primary end point was endurance time during constant work-rate cycle ergometry to symptom limitation after 12 weeks. Endurance time during endurance shuttle walking to symptom limitation after 12 weeks was also assessed in a subset of 165 patients. Other end points included pre-exercise inspiratory capacity. <h3>Results</h3> 404 patients (269 men) were randomised (full analysis set n = 385). Mean post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second was 1.66 L (58.6% predicted). Endurance time during cycle ergometry was significantly increased by 14% with T+O 5/5 µg versus placebo at 12 weeks. Increases in endurance time during endurance shuttle walking were observed for both T+O doses versus placebo at 12 weeks (21% increase, nominal p = 0.06 for each dose). Both T+O doses increased pre-exercise inspiratory capacity versus placebo at 12 weeks (T+O 5/5 µg, 234 mL; T+O 2.5/5 µg, 207 mL; nominal p &lt; 0.0001). No safety concerns were identified. <h3>Conclusions</h3> T+O 5/5 µg improved endurance time during cycle ergometry versus placebo.
Rheumatoid Disease in the Larynx and Lung
Authors: G. A. Gresham, T. D. Kellaway
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1958)

Visceral manifestations of rheumatoid disease have recently received considerable attention.Lesions in the larynx, lung, and heart are of clinical importance.The object of this paper is to report one example of severe laryngeal involvement and another with un- usual pulmonary lesions.The histochemical properties of these lesions are compared with those of a histologically typical rheumatoid nodule.Case Reports Case 1. Rheumatoid Disease of the Larynx A woman aged 32 was admitted to hospital on February 10, 1957, with dyspnoea which had been present for 3 weeks and had become worse in the last 3 days.She had an unproductive cough.A similar attack, lasting one week, had occurred 6 weeks before admission.Rheumatoid arthritis had been present since 1948; an arthrodesis of the left knee was done in 1951 because of severe flexion contracture.At this time there was facial hirsutes and a palpable spleen; the blood haemoglobin was 11 1 g. per 100 ml., the lowest white blood count was 3,700 per cu.mm.with 65 per cent.polymorphonuclear neutrophil leucocytes, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Wintrobe) was 30 mm. in the first hour (corrected).At the final admission she was thin, pale, and slightly
PTH-039 Preventing Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ercp) Pancreatitis: Changing Practice At A District General Hospital: Abstract PTH-039 Table 1
Authors: G Elsayed, MCM Cheung, M Mansoor, J Tonkin, D Lindo, D Gertner, J Subhani
Journal: Gut (2014)

We have previously provided evidence that the SRBC-immune helper T (TH) cells which enhance MOPC-315 plasmacytoma cell secretory differentiation in vivo (THd cells) differ in specificity, accessory cell requirements, and Qa-1 expression from the SRBC-immune TH cells which enhance MOPC-315 cell growth in vivo (THg cells). Indeed, like other immunoglobulin-dependent TH cells, THd cells in the 315 system do not develop in anti-IgM-treated, B cell-deficient mice, whereas THg cell development is unaffected. In this report, we provide evidence for other differences in the expression of surface antigens by these two TH cell populations. We find that, like most Lyt-1+, 2- T cells, the THg cells can be eliminated by monoclonal anti-L3T4 antibody and complement treatment, whereas such treatment had no effect on adoptive transfer of SRBC-immune THd cell activity. Similarly, THg cell activity was eliminated from SRBC-immune T cells by treatment with monoclonal anti-T cell receptor beta-chain allotope antibody plus anti-rat IgG and complement, whereas THd cell activity remained intact. Both helper cell activities were deleted by either anti-Lyt-1.2 or anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement treatment. Interestingly, the THd cell activity was abrogated by treating SRBC-immune T cells with monoclonal anti-B220 or monoclonal anti-p50 antibodies (RA3-3A1/6.1 and RA3-2C2/1, respectively) and complement, whereas THg cell activity was unaffected. Additional controls indicated that the THd effects did not arise by virtue of a two-cell interaction between a Thy-1+, B220- cell and a Thy-1-, B220+ cell, and it is therefore proposed that the THd effect arises from a single population of cells that exhibit a unique phenotype (Thy-1+, Ly-1+, 2-, L3T4-, B220+). The proposal is further supported by studies conducted with a T cell clone which promotes MOPC-315 cell secretory differentiation in vitro and which exhibits this surface antigen phenotype. The serologic differences between these two TH cell populations stress even further the likelihood that B cell growth and differentiation enhancement are mediated by distinct T cell subsets in this system, and raise the possibility that immunoglobulin-dependent TH cells in other systems will routinely exhibit a unique surface antigen profile. These data also imply that immunoglobulin-dependent TH cells (such as the THd cells) may not express antigen receptors that are identical to those expressed by MHC-restricted helper cells (such as our THg cells).
TMPRSS6 rs855791 modulates hepcidin transcription in vitro and serum hepcidin levels in normal individuals
Authors: Antonella Nai, Alessia Pagani, Laura Silvestri, Natascia Campostrini, Michela Corbella, Domenico Girelli, Michela Traglia, Daniela Toniolo, Clara Camaschella
Journal: Blood (2011)
Uptake of Thallium-201 in Brown Tumor and Bone Fractures
Authors: I ADALET, R AKTAY, M SIRALI, S CANTEZ, T TERZIOGLU, F ALAG??L
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Although TI-201-Tc-99m subtraction scanning is one of the most important noninvasive techniques for localization of parathyroid diseases, some causes of false-positive scans have been reported. False-positive results are due to TI-201 accumulation. Some known causes are thyroid carcinoma, adenomatous goiter, chronic thyroiditis, and lymph node involvement of certain diseases. The authors report a case of brown tumor and pathologic bone fracture, which might be potential causes of false-positive TI-201-Tc-99m subtraction imaging.