tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prominent Gaseous Distension of Bowel Causing False-Positive Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid Liver Scintigram
Authors: WEL-JEN SHIH, PAUL MANDELSTAM, PEGGY A. DOMSTAD, FRANK H. DeLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A Tc-99m sulfur colloid liver scan carried out shortly after a prolonged upper gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated two concave indentations along the inferior border of the liver and increased space between the left lobe of the liver and the spleen. These abnormalities, simulating compression by an extrinsic mass, were caused by air introduced endoscopically into the gastrointestinal tract. Eight days later, a repeat radiocolloid scan was normal. There should be awareness that gaseous distension of the bowel and stomach may result in a false-positive radiocolloid liver scan. Correlation with abdominal radiographs may avert such misinterpretation.
Cost-Lowering Strategies Used by Medicare Beneficiaries Who Exceed Drug Benefit Caps and Have a Gap in Drug Coverage
Authors: Chien-Wen Tseng
Journal: JAMA (2004)

The majority of Medicare drug benefits in managed care (Medicare + Choice) have annual dollar limits or caps and many beneficiaries face temporary but potentially significant gaps in coverage after exceeding caps before the end of the year. In the new national Medicare drug benefit, beneficiaries with high medication expenditures will also face a period without drug coverage when their total drug costs exceed annual caps but are not high enough to qualify for catastrophic coverage.To describe strategies adopted by beneficiaries exceeding annual drug benefit caps to lower prescription costs, the type of medications involved, and their financial burden.A survey (completed in 2002) of Medicare + Choice beneficiaries aged 65 years and older with high medication costs and benefits capped on the plan's share of drug costs (65% response rate). The different caps offered in different counties were used as a natural experiment. Study participants (n = 665) exceeded a 750 dollars or 1200 dollars yearly cap in 2001 and had coverage gaps of 75 to 180 days. Control participants (n = 643) had 2000 dollars caps, which they did not exceed. Study and control participants were matched by average total drug expenditures per month.Proportion of beneficiaries reporting specific strategies to decrease medication costs, medications affected, and difficulty paying for prescriptions.In multivariate analyses adjusting for demographic and health characteristics, a higher proportion of patients exceeding caps reported using less prescribed medication than controls (18% vs 10%, respectively; P<.001), but similar proportions reported stopping medications completely (8% for both, P =.86) and of not starting prescribed medications (6% vs 5%, P =.39). Patients exceeding caps more often called pharmacies to find the best price (46% vs 29%, P<.001), switched medications (15% vs 9%, P =.002), used samples (34% vs 27%, P =.006), and had difficulty paying for prescriptions (62% vs 37%, P<.001). Twelve of the 20 therapeutic classes most often affected by decreases in use of medication were for chronic health problems such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and emphysema or asthma.Medicare beneficiaries often decreased use of essential medications and experienced difficulty paying for prescriptions during gaps in coverage. Health professionals need to explore how they can lessen the impact of caps on patients' health and financial burden.
Proliferation in hyperplastic human and normal rat parathyroid glands: Role of phosphate, calcitriol, and gender
Authors: Yolanda Almaden, Arnold J. Felsenfeld, Mariano Rodriguez, Sagrario Cañadillas, Fernando Luque, Alicia Bas, Juan Bravo, Vicente Torregrosa, Alfonso Palma, Blanca Ramos, Carmen Sanchez, Alejandro Martin-Malo, Antonio Canalejo
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
THE POST-TRANSFUSION SURVIVAL OF PRESERVED HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES STORED AS, WHOLE BLOOD OR IN RESUSPENSION, AFTER REMOVAL OF PLASMA, BY MEANS OF TWO ISOTOPES OF RADIOACTIVE IRON 1
Authors: John G. Gibson, Robley D. Evans, Joseph C. Aub, Theodore Sack, Wendell C. Peacock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1947)

The modern era of blood transfusions was ushered in by the discovery of human red cell groups by Shattock (1) in 1900 and Landsteiner (2) in 1901.Grouping was later systematized by Jansky (3) and Moss (4).In the course of a few years the paraffined tube method of Kimpton- Brown (5), the multiple syringe technic of Linde- man ( 6) and the 4-way stopcock apparatus of Unger (7) came into general use in hospitals for direct transfusions.All of these methods required speed in transferring blood from donor to recipient because of the dangers of clotting.
Disincentive to Acquisition of Special Skills
Authors: U. M. P. Kroll
Journal: BMJ (1967)

SIR,-Sir Ronald Tunbridge (24 June, p. 844) states that in any specialty there must be varying degrees of professional competence and skill.This no one will deny, but Sir Ronald goes on to infer therefrom that the rejection of merit awards implies that there are " no differences in the quality of medical practice among general practitioners," and that " 23,000 general practitioners are equal in all respects professionally."With respect, the rejection of merit awards makes no such implication, and surely no one in their senses believes that all general practitioners are equal.What many who oppose merit awards believe is that these awards would do nothing to raise the standard of general practice, but that they would raise the standard of a host of undesirable activities in general practice.For this reason they have been quite rightly rejected by the great majority of general practitioners, and the Representative Body is almost certain to follow the example of the Conference of Local Medical Committees in confirming this rejection.-Iam, etc.,
Book Review Long-Term Tamoxifen Treatment for Breast Cancer Edited by V. Craig Jordan. 278 pp. Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1994. $40. 0-299-14070-9 Tamoxifen: Molecular basis of use in cancer treatment and prevention By Helen Wiseman. 209 pp. New York, John Wiley, 1994. $52.95. 0-471-94316-9
Authors: John Erban
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
Mast cells and cellularity of the colonic mucosa correlated with fatigue and depression in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: T Piche, M C Saint-Paul, R Dainese, E Marine-Barjoan, A Iannelli, M L Montoya, J F Peyron, D Czerucka, F Cherikh, J Filippi, A Tran, X Hebuterne
Journal: Gut (2007)

A subset of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have an increased number of mast cells (MCs) in the colonic mucosa. Psychological factors are believed to contribute to the course of IBS.To examine associations between fatigue, depression and MCs of the colonic mucosa in IBS.Colonic biopsies were taken from 50 Rome II IBS patients, 21 healthy controls and 11 depressed/fatigued patients without IBS. The cellularity of the lamina propria was determined as the number of inflammatory cells per high power field (hpf) through a 400x microscope. The Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) and the short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) evaluated the severity of fatigue and depression.IBS patients had a significant increase in the cellularity of the lamina propria compared with controls or with depressed patients (mean (SD) 94.5 (48-110) vs 68 (58-82) and 78 (87-90) cells per hpf, p = 0.005 and p = 0.05, respectively), in particular of MCs (9.3 (5.6-11.7) vs 4.0 (2.7-6.8) and 4.3 (2.8-7.8) cells per hpf, p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Both the FIS and BDI scores were significantly higher in IBS or in depressed patients than in controls (p<0.001). In IBS, the FIS score correlated significantly with the cellularity of the lamina propria (r = 0.51, p<0.0001) and MCs (r = 0.64, p<0.0001). In IBS, the BDI score correlated significantly with MCs (r = 0.29, p = 0.03).Elevated MCs counts are a key feature of the low-grade inflammatory infiltrate in the caecal mucosa of IBS. Fatigue and depression are associated with mucosal cell counts, in particular MCs, suggesting that psychological factors are associated with the low-grade inflammatory infiltrate in IBS.
Protein Kinase C Isoform Expression in Normal and Failing Rabbit Hearts
Authors: Patricia Rouet-Benzineb, Kamiar Mohammadi, Jeannine Pérennec, Madeleine Poyard, Nour El Houda Bouanani, Bertrand Crozatier
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Protein kinase C (PKC) is activated by α-adrenergic stimulation. Molecular analysis showed that PKC consists of a family of at least 12 isozymes. Studies of their distribution in the heart showed conflicting results. The first goal of our study was thus to characterize cardiac PKC in normal rabbits. PKC plays an important role in gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation and is involved in the hypertrophy phase of cardiac overload, but since its expression has never been evaluated in heart failure, the second goal of our study was to evaluate PKC activity and isoform expression in rabbits with heart failure induced by a double hemodynamic overload (aortic insufficiency followed by an aortic stenosis). In the first part of the study, PKC isoform expression analyzed in normal rabbits by immunoblotting showed that isoforms α, β, ε, and ζ were expressed along with PKCγ, which had never been detected in the heart. PKCγ expression was also identified by polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence techniques showed a localization on intercalated disks associated with the membrane localization observed with the other isoforms. In the second part of the study, PKC activity, content, and isoform expression showed a decrease of 37% in the failing group. PKC immunodetection with a monoclonal antibody (Mab 1.9) recognizing the catalytic domain of all PKC isoforms revealed a 20% decrease in the failing ventricles compared with normal left ventricles. Expressed PKC isoforms quantified by Western blot showed, in the failing heart group compared with the control group, a decrease of 27%, 32%, 16%, and 9% of PKCα, PKCβ 1 , PKCγ, and PKCε, respectively, whereas PKCζ was not significantly modified. These results show that, in heart failure, PKC activity and expression of Ca 2+ -dependent PKC isoforms are decreased. This may lead to alterations of PKC-induced phosphorylations.
INTIMAL DISRUPTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH LATE STENT THROMBOSIS: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Yuetsu Kikuta, Hideo Takebayashi, Shigeki Hiramatsu, Kenji Goto, Masahito Taniguchi, Sunao Kodama, Katsumasa Sato, Yasukazu Fujiwara, Shigeki Nishiyama, Seiichi Haruta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effects of Calcium Upon Cellular Metabolism
Authors: HOWARD RASMUSSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Editorials1 March 1964Effects of Calcium Upon Cellular MetabolismHOWARD RASMUSSEN, PH.D., M.D.HOWARD RASMUSSEN, PH.D., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-3-526 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt has long been known that calcium is one of the essential ingredients of life, and in fact, that a number of the most fundamental of biological processes are absolutely dependent upon its presence, for example blood clotting, fertilization, and locomotion. A reflection of this dependency is the fact that changes in extracellular calcium ion concentration have striking effects upon cellular structure and metabolism. For example, calcium is of fundamental importance in the union of cells in a multicellular tissue, conferring upon the individual cells an adhesiveness which joins them into a structural and functional whole. Equally important is its... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HOWARD RASMUSSEN, PH.D., M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypocalcemia and Carbohydrate IntoleranceWILLIAM G. CUSHARD JR., M.D.Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen �ber den Sekretionsmodus des ParathormonesHypercalcemia and HypertensionJERRY M. EARLL, NEIL A. KURTZMAN, ROBERT H. MOSER 1 March 1964Volume 60, Issue 3Page: 526-528KeywordsAttentionBlood coagulationCalciumCells ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy for splenic tumor: a case series
Authors: T. Iwashita, I. Yasuda, H. Tsurumi, N. Goto, M. Nakashima, S. Doi, Y. Hirose, T. Takami, H. Moriwaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Splenic tumors are occasionally found in clinical practice but the diagnosis is often difficult if only serologic and imaging tests are used. Therefore, pathologic sampling is required in such cases. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) provides a good image of the spleen through the gastric wall, and a transgastric EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) biopsy may be easier than the percutaneous approach. Furthermore, a large-gauge needle may raise the capability of EUS-FNA for the histopathologic diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of EUS-FNA using a large-gauge needle for a splenic tumor. Five patients with splenic tumor were subjected to EUS-FNA with a 19-gauge needle to obtain histopathologic materials. A pathologic sample was obtained in all cases, and the diagnoses were lymphoma (n = 2), sarcoidosis (n = 2), and inflammatory pseudotumor (n = 1). EUS-FNA using a 19-gauge needle is safe and useful for the diagnosis of splenic tumors.
Inhibition of Glycosphingolipid Synthesis Ameliorates Atherosclerosis and Arterial Stiffness in Apolipoprotein E <sup>−/−</sup> Mice and Rabbits Fed a High-Fat and -Cholesterol Diet
Authors: Subroto Chatterjee, Djahida Bedja, Sumita Mishra, Christine Amuzie, Alberto Avolio, David A. Kass, Dan Berkowitz, Mark Renehan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Glycosphingolipids, integral components of the cell membrane, have been shown to serve as messengers, transducing growth factor-initiated phenotypes. Here, we have examined whether inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis could ameliorate atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in transgenic mice and rabbits.Apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice (12 weeks of age; n=6) were fed regular chow or a Western diet (1.25% cholesterol, 2% fat). Mice were fed 5 or 10 mg/kg of an inhibitor of glycosphingolipid synthesis, D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP), solubilized in vehicle (5% Tween-80 in PBS); the placebo group received vehicle only. At 20 and 36 weeks of age, serial echocardiography was performed to measure aortic intima-media thickening. Aortic pulse-wave velocity measured vascular stiffness. Feeding mice a Western diet markedly increased aortic pulse-wave velocity, intima-media thickening, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, Ca(2+) deposits, and glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide synthase activity. These were dose-dependently decreased by feeding D-PDMP. In liver, D-PDMP decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels by raising the expression of SREBP2, low-density lipoprotein receptor, HMGCo-A reductase, and the cholesterol efflux genes (eg, ABCG5, ABCG8). D-PDMP affected very-low-density lipoprotein catabolism by increasing the gene expression for lipoprotein lipase and very-low-density lipoprotein receptor. Rabbits fed a Western diet for 90 days had extensive atherosclerosis accompanied by a 17.5-fold increase in total cholesterol levels and a 3-fold increase in lactosylceramide levels. This was completely prevented by feeding D-PDMP.Inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis ameliorates atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice and rabbits. Thus, inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis may be a novel approach to ameliorate atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness.
New clinical phenotype of branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidation defect
Authors: AlbertoB Burlina, Franco Zacchello, Carlo Dionisi-Vici, Enrico Bertini, Gaetano Sabetta, MichaelJ Bennet, DanielE Hale, Eberhard Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Piero Rinaldo
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
Kaiso Contributes to DNA Methylation-Dependent Silencing of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Eloisi C. Lopes, Ester Valls, Maria E. Figueroa, Alexander Mazur, Fan-Guo Meng, Gabriela Chiosis, Peter W. Laird, Nicole Schreiber-Agus, John M. Greally, Egor Prokhortchouk, Ari Melnick
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Aberrant CpG methylation of tumor suppressor gene regulatory elements is associated with transcriptional silencing and contributes to malignant transformation of different tissues. It is presumed that methylated DNA sequences recruit repressor machinery to actively shutdown gene expression. The Kaiso protein is a transcriptional repressor expressed in human and murine colorectal tumors that can bind to methylated clusters of CpG dinucleotides. We show here that Kaiso represses methylated tumor suppressor genes and can bind in a methylation-dependent manner to the CDKN2A in human colon cancer cell lines. The contribution of Kaiso to epigenetic silencing was underlined by the fact that Kaiso depletion induced tumor suppressor gene expression without affecting DNA methylation levels. As a consequence, colon cancer cells became susceptible to cell cycle arrest and cell death mediated by chemotherapy. The data suggest that Kaiso is a methylation-dependent "opportunistic" oncogene that silences tumor suppressor genes when they become hypermethylated. Because Kaiso inactivation sensitized colon cancer cell lines to chemotherapy, it is possible that therapeutic targeting of Kaiso could improve the efficacy of current treatment regimens.
Abstract A97: Antitumor effect of metformin in breast cancer is associated with AMPK and FOXO3a activation
Authors: Eveline A I Fonseca, Maria Aparecida Oliveira, Rosangela Eichler, Eliana H. Akamine, Maria Helena C. Carvalho, Aneli M. Barbosa, Robert F. H. Dekker, Neelam Khaper, Zuleica B. Fortes
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR15) of the Conference Proceedings. Citation Format: Eveline A I Fonseca, Maria Aparecida Oliveira, Rosangela Eichler, Eliana H. Akamine, Maria Helena C. Carvalho, Aneli M. Barbosa, Robert F. H. Dekker, Neelam Khaper, Zuleica B. Fortes. Antitumor effect of metformin in breast cancer is associated with AMPK and FOXO3a activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A97.
Pigmentary demarcation lines
Authors: VICTOR J. SELMANOWITZ, JAMES M. KRIVO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

SUMMARY The natural pigmentary demarcation boundaries of the skin can be classified as: Group A—lines along the upper limb with variable trans-pectoral extension; Group B—lines along the lower limb; Group C—paired lines in median or paramedian course on the chest with midline abdominal extension; Group D—posteromedian demarcation; and Group E—bilaterally symmetrical, obliquely oriented hypopigmented macules on the chest. Groups A and C are the most distinct and occur in both Negroes and Japanese.
If a picture is worth a thousand words, how many pictures is a word worth?
Authors: Ken A. Paller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Pictures of normal brain activity during human thought can be worth a great deal. Electrophysiology and functional neuroimaging together allow both temporal and spatial dimensions of neurocognitive functions to be explored. Although these techniqueshave their limitations, the Cognitive Neuroscience approach is well-suited to pursuing questions about how words are perceived, understood, and remembered.
Aneurysm of the Superior Mesenteric Artery, with Rupture
Authors: Alex. H. Gifford
Journal: BMJ (1912)

She desquamated profusely, and made an easy and complete recovery.About 15 per cent. of cases were stated to have had measles before.Erythema nodosum on the front of the tibia occurred in numerous cases after measles in children of rheumnatic tendency.Treatmiient.Copious and frequent application of nearly saturated borax solution to mouth, eyes, and nose.Rest in bed ten days after appearance of rash and confined to house for two weeks unless complications ensued.Jacket linseed poultices I-found of great value in the pulmonary compli- cations, followed by a Gamgee jacket in protracted cases.Brandy, in failing pulse and emaciated cases, and often when no other food could be taken, was of the utmost value.Cough mixtures were given as a routine practice containing squills, ipecacuanha, belladonna, potassium and ammonium carbonate, and liquorice.Tinct.nucis vomicae was added when necessary.I give full notes of the following case, as one of great interest, showing tlle ten days' struggle from the onset of the rash of a healthy child: Girl, aged 18 months.Called to her on June 24th.She had the usual history and had had slight diarrhoea for two days.The'rash was well out when I saw her.On June 28th, fifth day of rash, the temperature was 1010 F., respirations 30, and snuffling in type; pulse 130. Diarrhoea continued in spite of treatment.Poulticing of chest was tried.On June 30th the breathing got worse and she began to be restless.The chest
Effect of GR32191, a potent thromboxane receptor antagonist, on exercise induced bronchoconstriction in asthma.
Authors: J P Finnerty, O P Twentyman, A Harris, J B Palmer, S T Holgate
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Previous work suggests a role for mast cell derived mediators in exercise induced asthma. The contribution of newly generated contractile prostaglandins to exercise induced asthma was assessed by using a potent and orally active thromboxane (TP1) receptor antagonist, GR32191. The effect of 120 mg GR32191 on exercise induced asthma was observed in 12 asthmatic subjects. For the exercise challenge the subjects performed six minutes of treadmill exercise, breathing dry air at a work load that had previously been shown to induce a fall in FEV1 of 25% or more from the pre-exercise baseline. No effect of GR32191 on pre-exercise baseline airway calibre was evident. There was no significant difference in the mean maximum percentage fall in FEV1 from baseline after exercise between drug and placebo (placebo 30.2%, GR32191 day 31.6%). It is concluded that the thromboxane antagonist GR32191 has no effect on exercise induced asthma. This suggests that prostaglandins, including PGD2, that act via the thromboxane receptor do not have an important role in exercise induced asthma.