tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Five hundred patients with myocardial infarction monitored within one hour of symptoms.
Authors: M O'Doherty, D I Tayler, E Quinn, R Vincent, D A Chamberlain
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Of 2886 patients monitored during acute myocardial infarction, 500 were observed within one hour of the onset of symptoms. Half of the early admission group were admitted in response to emergency 999 calls and 435 of them travelled in resuscitation ambulances, where surveillance for arrhythmias was instituted. Pulmonary oedema occurred in 130 patients (26%), cardiogenic shock supervened in 60 (12%), and 115 (23%) died in hospital. Ventricular fibrillation was observed in 98 patients (20%). Forty two of them survived to be discharged, including 20 of the 24 with primary fibrillation which had occurred first in hospital. In only one case did primary ventricular fibrillation occur after the first 10 hours of onset of illness. Sinus bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation were all observed more frequently in patients admitted within one hour after the onset of symptoms than in those admitted later. An element of selection is inevitable when early admission is encouraged by the existence of a resuscitation ambulance system; this will depend in part on the early recognition of risk and the geographical location of the attack. These factors may bias the group towards relatively high risk. Nevertheless, prompt admission after myocardial infarction should improve survival by permitting successful management both of ventricular fibrillation and of other arrhythmias which may influence short term and long term prognosis.
Examining associations between childhood asthma and traffic flow using a geographic information system.
Authors: P English, R Neutra, R Scalf, M Sullivan, L Waller, L Zhu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Using geographic information systems (GIS) and routinely collected data, we explored whether childhood residence near busy roads was associated with asthma in a low-income population in San Diego County, California. We examined the locations of residences of 5,996 children [less than/equal to] 14 years of age who were diagnosed with asthma in 1993 and compared them to a random control series of nonrespiratory diagnoses (n = 2,284). Locations of the children's residences were linked to traffic count data at streets within 550 ft. We also examined the number of medical care visits in 1993 for children with asthma to determine if the number of visits was related to traffic flow. Analysis of the distribution of cases and controls by quintiles and by the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of traffic flow at the highest traffic street, nearest street, and total of all streets within a 550-ft buffer region did not show any significantly elevated odds ratios. However, among cases, those residing near high traffic flows (measured at the nearest street) were more likely than those residing near lower traffic flows to have two or more medical care visits for asthma than to have only one visit for asthma during the year. The results of this exploratory study suggest that higher traffic flows may be related to an increase in repeated medical visits for asthmatic children. Repeated exposure to particulate matter and other air pollutants from traffic exhaust may aggravate asthmatic symptoms in individuals already diagnosed with asthma.
Autologous/reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs autologous transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results of the EBMT-NMAM2000 study
Authors: Gösta Gahrton, Simona Iacobelli, Bo Björkstrand, Ute Hegenbart, Astrid Gruber, Hildegard Greinix, Liisa Volin, Franco Narni, Angelo Michele Carella, Meral Beksac, Alberto Bosi, Giuseppe Milone, Paolo Corradini, Stefan Schönland, Kristina Friberg, Anja van Biezen, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Theo de Witte, Curly Morris, Dietger Niederwieser, Laurent Garderet, Nicolaus Kröger
Journal: Blood (2013)
Who Makes the Therapeutic Decisions?
Authors: John C. Ballin
Journal: JAMA (1979)

It has long been a precept of medical practice that therapy for an illness should be decided by the attending physician who weighs the risks and benefits of all alternatives to select the treatment that best meets the needs of the individual patient. For drug therapy, this has meant that physicians have available a wide spectrum of agents from which to choose. Unfortunately, this concept is being eroded by an insidious and unrelenting assault by government regulators who are increasingly challenging the physician's therapeutic judgment and narrowing his therapeutic options. Examples abound to illustrate this ominous trend. As cases in point, the following are cited: Propoxyphene. On the basis of evidence that this analgesic is frequently abused, it was suggested earlier this year that the drug be removed from the market. This regulatory effort was proposed despite a lack of any evidence to show that propoxyphene is not safe
Novel Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein VI Dimorphism Is a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: S. A. Croft, N. J. Samani, M. D. Teare, K. K. Hampton, R. P. Steeds, K. S. Channer, M. E. Daly
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Glycoprotein (GP) VI plays a crucial role in platelet activation and aggregation. We investigated whether polymorphic variation at the GP VI locus confers an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI).Coding and 5' and 3' non-coding regions of the GP VI gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis in 21 healthy subjects. Ten dimorphisms, 5 of which predicted amino acid substitutions (T13254C, A19871G, A21908G, A22630T, C22644A), were identified. Two core haplotypes involving 7 dimorphisms (C10781A and G10873A and all those predicting amino acid substitutions) were apparent. The contribution of the T13254C dimorphism, which predicted the substitution of serine 219 by proline, to risk of MI was assessed in 525 patients with acute MI and 474 controls, all aged <75 years. The allelic odds ratio (OR) for MI associated with the 13254C allele was 1.16 (95% CI, 0.91 to 1.46; P=0.23). Compared with corresponding control subgroups, the 13254CC genotype was more common among cases who were female (OR, 4.52; 95% CI, 1.23 to 16.64; P=0.029), nonsmokers (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 0.98 to 6.38; P=0.048), aged >/=60 years (OR, 6.48; 95% CI, 1.47 to 28.45; P=0.009) or carried the beta-fibrinogen -148T allele associated with increased fibrinogen levels (OR, 10.49; 95% CI, 1.32 to 83.42; P=0.02). In logistic regression analysis that took other cardiovascular risk factors into account, the interactions of GP VI genotype with age (P=0.005) and beta-fibrinogen genotype (P=0.035) remained significant.The GP VI 13254CC genotype increases the risk of MI, particularly in older individuals, and the interaction of the GP VI 13254C allele with other candidate risk alleles may accentuate this risk.
Effect of polymer molecular weight on the tumor targeting characteristics of self-assembled glycol chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Kyeongsoon Park, Jong-Ho Kim, Yun Sik Nam, Seulki Lee, Hae Yun Nam, Kwangmeyung Kim, Jae Hyung Park, In-San Kim, Kuiwon Choi, Sang Yoon Kim, Ick Chan Kwon
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
Positron emission tomography evaluation of somatostatin receptor targeted 64Cu-TATE-liposomes in a human neuroendocrine carcinoma mouse model
Authors: Anncatrine L. Petersen, Tina Binderup, Rasmus I. Jølck, Palle Rasmussen, Jonas R. Henriksen, Andreas K. Pfeifer, Andreas Kjær, Thomas L. Andresen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Expression of Complement Factor H by Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Daniel Ajona, Zafira Castaño, Mercedes Garayoa, Enrique Zudaire, Maria J. Pajares, Alfredo Martinez, Frank Cuttitta, Luis M. Montuenga, Ruben Pio
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The complement system is important in immunosurveillance against tumors. However, malignant cells are usually resistant to complement-mediated lysis. In this study, we examine the expression of factor H, an inhibitor of complement activation, and factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1), its alternatively spliced form, in lung cancer. We also evaluate the potential effect of factor H/FHL-1 in the protection of lung cancer cells against the activation of the complement cascade. By Northern blot analysis we demonstrate a high expression of factor H and FHL-1 in most non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, although neuroendocrine pulmonary tumors (small cell lung carcinoma and carcinoid cell lines) had undetectable levels. Western blot analysis of conditioned medium showed the active secretion of factor H and FHL-1 by cells that were positive by Northern blot. Expression of factor H/FHL-1 mRNA was also shown in a series of non-small cell lung cancer biopsies by in situ hybridization. Interestingly, many cultured lung cancer cells were able to bind fluorescence-labeled factor H to their surfaces. Deposition of C3 fragments from normal human serum on H1264, a lung adenocarcinoma cell line, was more efficient when factor H/FHL-1 activity was blocked by specific antibodies. Blocking factor H/FHL-1 activity also enhanced the release of anaphylatoxin C5a and moderately increased the susceptibility of these cells to complement-mediated cytotoxicity. In summary, we demonstrate the expression of factor H and FHL-1 by some lung cancer cells and analyze the contribution of these proteins to the protection against complement activation.
Oral sildenafil for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers secondary to systemic sclerosis
Authors: J Gore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

This case illustrates the usefulness of a therapeutic trial of colchicine monitored objectively by frequent acute phase protein measurements in patients with undiagnosed periodic fever syndromes.It also raises the possibility that a low threshold for analysing the FMF gene might disclose a wider spectrum of associated disease.
TCT-411 Use of Sheathless Guide Catheter with Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Single Center Experience with 7853 Procedures
Authors: Mitsuru Kahata, Norio Tada, Taku Honda, Kazunori Horie, Kaname Takizawa, Tatsushi Otomo, Naoto Inoue, Taiichirou Meguro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Mixed venous blood gases are superior to arterial blood gases in assessing acid-base status and oxygenation during acute cardiac tamponade in dogs.
Authors: D W Mathias, P S Clifford, H S Klopfenstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Recent reports using anesthetized ventilator-dependent animal models, have suggested that in certain shock states, a disparity exists between arterial and mixed venous blood gases with regard to acid-base status and oxygenation. In a chronically instrumented unanesthetized canine model of acute cardiac tamponade breathing room air, we studied the effect of a graded decline in cardiac output on arterial and mixed venous pH, PCO2, and PO2. Cardiac tamponade resulted in a profound arterial respiratory alkalosis, whereas mixed venous pH, PCO2, and calculated serum bicarbonate levels remained relatively unchanged. As intrapericardial pressure increased and cardiac output declined, the difference between arterial and mixed venous PCO2 progressively increased. Further, whereas arterial oxygenation improved as cardiac output declined, mixed venous oxygenation steadily worsened. This disparity began early in cardiac tamponade (reductions in cardiac output of 20-40%) long before arterial blood pressure began to fall and progressively worsened as hemodynamic deterioration and lactic acidosis developed. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a reduction in blood flow, resulting in decreased CO2 delivery to the lungs, is the primary mechanism responsible for the difference in pH and PCO2 observed between arterial and mixed venous blood. In this conscious, spontaneously breathing animal model, mixed venous blood gases thus are superior to arterial blood gases in assessing acid-base status and oxygenation, even early in acute cardiac tamponade when the decline in cardiac output is in the range of 20 to 40% and arterial blood pressure has not changed significantly.
Restriction of transgene expression to the B-lymphoid progeny of human lentivirally transduced CD34+ cells
Authors: Thomas Moreau, Florence Bardin, Jean Imbert, Christian Chabannon, Cécile Tonnelle
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

<h2>Abstract</h2> Development of gene transfer strategies will necessitate improved efficiency and control of transduction and transgene expression. We here provide evidence that targeting expression of the GFP reporter gene to the B-lymphoid progeny of genetically modified human hematopoietic progenitor cells can be achieved through the insertion of regulatory sequences from the human CD19 gene promoter into a lentiviral vector. Based on a bioinformatics approach, three human CD19-derived sequences were designed and inserted into a self-inactivated lentiviral vector backbone upstream of the GFP gene: S.CD19 (230 bp), M.CD19 (464 bp), and L.CD19 (1274 bp). These new lentiviral vectors efficiently transduced cord blood CD34<sup>+</sup> cells. The M.CD19 and especially L.CD19 sequences preferentially targeted GFP expression to <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> differentiated CD19<sup>+</sup> progeny; moreover, transgene expression was detected from the CD34<sup>+</sup> pro/pre-B cell to the mature peripheral IgM<sup>+</sup> B cell stage. In contrast, GFP expression was weak or absent in primary T-lymphoid and uncommitted progenitor cells or in erythroid, natural killer, or myeloid differentiated cells. Such B-lineage-specific lentiviral vectors may be useful for correcting inherited disorders that affect B-lymphoid cells or for deciphering the transcriptional program that controls B cell commitment and differentiation.
Retention and degradation of 125I-insulin by perfused livers from diabetic rats.
Authors: S Terris, D F Steiner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The retention of degradation of insulin by isolated perfused liver have been examined. Noncyclically perfused livers from streptozotocin-diabetic rats retained 25% and degraded 10% of 125I-insulin administered as a 1-min pulse. On gel filtration (Sephadex G50F), the degradation products released into the vascular effluent eluted in the salt peak. During the 45-min interval after the end of the 125I-insulin infusion, 0.19% of the total dose was excreted in the bile. 60-90% of this material consisted of iodinated, low-molecular-weight degradation products. Inclusion of native insulin with the 125I-insulin in the pulse depressed both the retention and degradation of iodinated material; however, this reflected increased retention and degradation of the total insulin dose (125I-insulin plus native hormone). The log of the total amounts of insulin retained and degraded were linearly related to the log of the total amount of insulin infused at concentrations between 12.7 nM and 2.84 muM. Increasing the amount of native insulin in the infused pulse also depressed the total amount of iodinated material found in the bile and led to the appearance in the bile of intermediate-sized degradation products that did not simultaneously appear in the vascular effluent. Addition of high concentrations of glucagon to the infused 125I-insulin had no effect on the retention or degradation of the labeled hormone, or on the apparent size and amount of iodinated degradation products found in the vascular effluent or in the bile. Preinfusion of concanavalin A inhibited both 125I-insulin retention and degradation. A greater depression by concanavalin A of degradation than binding was also observed with isolated hepatocytes. In contrast to 125I-insulin, the retention and degradation of two iodinated insulin analogues of relative low biological potency, proinsulin and desalanyl-desasparaginyl insulin, were small. The amount of radioactivity appearing in the bile after infusion of these analogues was almost negligible. However, degradation products of these analogues that appeared in the bile and in the vascular effluent was qualitatively similar to those found after the infusion of 125I-insulin. Our findings suggest that the rapid initial uptake of 125I-insulin after its infusion into noncyclically perfused liver, as well as its subsequent degradation, behaves in a qualitatively similar fashion to the binding of 125I-insulin and its degradation by isolated rat hepatocytes. This uptake and the subsequent phase of degradation may be attributable to binding of insulin at specific recognition sites, preliminary to its transfer to a degradative site(s) presumed to be located inside the cell.
Ketoconazole for Treatment of Chronic Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: J. BURR ROSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Twenty-one patients with chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis were treated with ketoconazole. In 16 patients with chronic cavitary disease, nine improved, four showed no change, and the condition of three deteriorated; three of nine patients had culture conversion. Roentgenograms showed improvement in two patients, no change in 12, and deterioration in two. Serologic improvement was not noted. In five patients with persistent infiltrative disease, the response was more favorable. Radiographic improvement, culture conversion, and serologic improvement were seen in most patients. Ketoconazole-induced side effects were mild and of short duration, ending in the first days of therapy. Ketoconazole seems to be of significant value in infiltrative pulmonary disease, but seems unable, at the doses used, to change finding in the sputum or to change radiographic findings in chronic cavitary disease. Further long-term observation is necessary to evaluate fully the role of this drug in chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis.
Genetics and the Risk for Alcoholism
Authors: Marc A. Schuckit
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The importance of genetic factors in alcoholism is supported by the familial nature of this disorder, the significantly higher concordance rate in identical than in fraternal twins, and the fourfold higher risk for children of alcoholics, even when adopted out at birth. Based on this evidence, the search is under way to identify possible genetically influenced factors that might contribute to the alcoholism risk. Studies of populations at high risk for the future development of alcoholism (eg, sons of alcoholics) have revealed a probable decreased intensity of reaction to modest doses of ethanol, a possible decreased amplitude of the P300 wave of the event-related potential, and a possible decreased amount of α-wave activity on the background cortical electroencephalogram. The implications of these and other findings and their impact on the practice of medicine are explored. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:2614-2617)
Medical Jubilee in Central Africa
Authors: R. T. S. Goodchild
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Medical men have always been prominent in pioneering expeditions, and the early story of East Africa is no exception to the rule.Livingstone's journeys never brought him as far north as Uganda, but his contemporary Stanley made more than one visit.He was much impressed with the country and the people, and in 1875 sent a dispatch to the Daily Telegraph describing them and appealing to Christian missions to send out pioneers to open up the country; he stressed the importance of sending a medical man by saying, " But oh, that some practical missionary would come here.It is not a mere preacher that is wanted it is the practical Christian tutor, who can teach people how to become Christians, cure their diseases."The response to this appeal came shortly afterwards from the Church Missionary Society, which included among the first party not only a practical engineer, Alexander Mackay, but also a doctor, John Smith.The story of these early pioneers is a matter of history.Unfortunately, the doctor never sur- vived to reach Uganda, and although one or two other medical men followed they either failed to reach the country or were invalided home after a short stay.It was not until 1897 that the "practical man who could cure diseases " finally started the systematic practice of medicine in Uganda; and this year Sir Albert Cook, C.M.G., O.B.E., M.D., celebrates the jubilee of his arrival in the country.The work which he established was not the first medical work, as military garrisons had medical officers, but his was the earliest attempt at treatment of natives in that part. of Africa.The hospital which
<i>In vitro</i> effects of the pyrethroid S‐bioallethrin on lymphocytes and basophils from atopic and nonatopic subjects
Authors: F. Diel, M. Detscher, B. Schock, M. Ennis
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Synthetic pyrethroids are increasingly used as insecticides and marketed as having relatively low human toxicity. The aim of this study was to examine the in vitro effects of the synthetic pyrethroid S‐bioallethrin on human blood lymphocytes and basophils in atopic individuals and nonatopic control subjects. S‐bioallethrin caused inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation after a 72‐h culture period in a concentration‐dependent manner. The inhibition of the lymphocyte proliferation by S‐bioallethrin at the concentration 6.5 nM correlated well with the total serum IgE values (r=‐0.89, f &lt; 0.001). Samples from atopic subjects were more sensitive to this inhibition than those from nonatopic volunteers. The regulatory interleukin‐4/interferon‐gamma (JL‐4/ IFN‐y) balance showed a significant difference between atopic and nonatopic subjects after a short‐term culture period (24 h) in the presence of the same concentration range of S‐bioallethrin (P&lt;0.001). Additionally, IFN‐y secretion was consistently lower in cells from the atopic donors. Furthermore, S‐bioallethrin induced histamine release from human basophils in a concentration‐dependent manner. Although the effect was small compared to histamine liberators such as N‐formyl‐Met‐Leu‐Phe and anti‐IgE, the response to S‐bioallethrin was significantly different in atopic donors from nonatopic (p = 0.0431). These findings are the first demonstration of the immunotoxicologic properties of the synthetic pyrethroid S‐bioallethrin by this combined in vitro approach with human lymphocytes and basophils. Further studies will investigate the responses of lymphocytes from patients who are sensitive to these agents.
Downregulation of NR3A-Containing NMDARs Is Required for Synapse Maturation and Memory Consolidation
Authors: Adam C. Roberts, Javier Díez-García, Ramona M. Rodriguiz, Iciar Paula López, Rafael Luján, Rebeca Martínez-Turrillas, Esther Picó, Maile A. Henson, Danilo R. Bernardo, Thomas M. Jarrett, Dallis J. Clendeninn, Laura López-Mascaraque, Guoping Feng, Donald C. Lo, John F. Wesseling, William C. Wetsel, Benjamin D. Philpot, Isabel Pérez-Otaño
Journal: Neuron (2009)
Gelatin-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in children with immediate- and nonimmediate-type reactions to live measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccines☆☆☆★
Authors: Takuji Kumagai, Tatsuru Yamanaka, Yasuhiko Wataya, Aiko Umetsu, Nagako Kawamura, Kazuo Ikeda, Hidetsugu Furukawa, Kensyu Kimura, Shunzo Chiba, Saburo Saito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1997)