tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relative risks of death due to liver disease among Japanese male adults having various statuses for hepatitis B s and e antigen/antibody in serum: A prospective study
Authors: Koshi Sakuma, Nobuteru Saitoh, Misako Kasai, Hiroshi Jitsukawa, Izumi Yoshino, Momoko Yamaguchi, Kouichi Nobutomo, Makoto Yamumi, Fumio Tsuda, Tsutomu Komazawa, Tetsuo Nakamura, Yasuo Yoshida, Kunio Okuda
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Taking advantage of the compulsory annual medical check-up at the Central Institute of Health, Japan National Railways, hepatitis B seromarkers were tested in male employees at work and their "dead and alive" status was followed for more than 6 years for their prognostic significance. Two prospective studies were carried out. In the first study, two groups (cohorts) of males age 40 to 55 years were tested in 1973 and 1978, respectively, for HBsAg and anti-HBs. The relative risk of dying from primary liver cancer in HBsAg-positive carriers (n = 126) as compared to the controls who were negative for both HBsAg and anti-HBs (n = 5,322) was 30.03 and significantly high, whereas those positive for anti-HBs (n = 1,470) had no increased risk of dying from primary liver cancer or from other liver diseases. The follow-up period ranged from 6.5 to 11.5 years, averaging 8.5 years. In the second study, three male cohorts of the same ages were tested for HBsAg and HBeAg/anti-HBe (micro-Ouchterlony method) in 1977, 1978 and 1979, respectively. There were 513 HBsAg-positive carriers among 25,547 examinees, who were followed for an average of 7.3 (6 to 8) years. Among these HBsAg carriers, those who were positive for HBeAg on entry had the highest risk of dying from primary liver cancer (relative risk, 50.25) and from other liver diseases (78.06), followed by those negative for both (28.95 and 21.78, respectively) and those positive for anti-HBe (9.47 and 6.43) when compared with 25,034 noncarriers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hormone Replacement Therapy in Postmenopausal U.S. Women
Authors: Pramil N. Singh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters16 November 1999Hormone Replacement Therapy in Postmenopausal U.S. WomenPramil N. Singh, DrPHPramil N. Singh, DrPHLoma Linda University; Loma Linda, CA 92350 (Singh)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the article by Keating and colleagues (1), who reported that in a random sample of U.S. adults, women with diabetes mellitus were less likely to have been prescribed hormone replacement therapy (HRT)—findings that, as the authors indicate, are concordant with data from a large patient population in Canada (2).When we consider a possible interpretation for this apparent “undertreatment” of postmenopausal women with diabetes mellitus, it is noteworthy that a sizable proportion of these diabetic women would be obese or overweight. There are several possible explanations for why obese postmenopausal women seem to ...References1. Keating NL, Cleary PD, Rossi AS, Zaslarsky AM, Ayanian JZ. Use of hormone replacement therapy by postmenopausal women in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:545-53. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Redelmeier DA, Tan SH, Booth GL. The treatment of unrelated disorders in patients with chronic medical diseases. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1516-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Schwingl PJ, Hulka BS, Harlow SD. Risk factors for menopausal hot flashes. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;84:29-34. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Tremollieres FA, Pouilles JM, Ribot C. Vertebral postmenopausal bone loss is reduced in overweight women: a longitudinal study in 155 early postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;77:683-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loma Linda University; Loma Linda, CA 92350 (Singh) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUse of Hormone Replacement Therapy by Postmenopausal Women in the United States Nancy L. Keating , Paul D. Cleary , Alice S. Rossi , Alan M. Zaslavsky , and John Z. Ayanian Hormone Replacement Therapy in Postmenopausal U.S. Women Nancy L. Keating , John Z. Ayanian , and Alan M. Zaslavsky Metrics 16 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 10Page: 791KeywordsBone densityCancer preventionDiabetes mellitusEstradiolEstrogen replacement therapyEstrogensHormone replacement therapyHormonesMenopauseOverweight Issue Published: 16 November 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum prolactin in epilepsy and hysteria.
Authors: M R Trimble
Journal: BMJ (1978)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors allow for site-specific and time-dependent genetic manipulation of neurons. However, for successful implementation of AAV vectors, major consideration must be given to the selection of viral serotype and route of delivery for efficient gene transfer into the cell type being investigated. Here we compare the transduction pattern of neurons in the somatosensory system following injection of AAV9 or AAV2retro in the parabrachial complex of the midbrain, the spinal cord dorsal horn, the intrathecal space, and the colon. Transduction was evaluated based on Cre-dependent expression of tdTomato in transgenic reporter mice, following delivery of AAV9 or AAV2retro carrying identical constructs that drive the expression of Cre/GFP. The pattern of distribution of tdTomato expression indicated notable differences in the access of the two AAV serotypes to primary afferent neurons via peripheral delivery in the colon and to spinal projections neurons via intracranial delivery within the parabrachial complex. Additionally, our results highlight the superior sensitivity of detection of neuronal transduction based on reporter expression relative to expression of viral products.
Abstract 207: Distinct TRAIL resistance mechanisms can be overcome by proteosome inhibition
Authors: Christina R. Menke, Lianghua Bin, Jacqueline Thorburn, Kian Behbakht, Heide Ford, Andrew Thorburn
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A major impediment to the use of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Receptor targeted drugs is that many tumors evolve resistance to these agents. On the other hand however, multiple different kinds of drugs are reported to be able to synergize with TRAIL. This raises the question of whether it is possible to overcome resistance using the same drugs that cause synergy. We tested this idea by creating a series of isogenic tumor cells with acquired TRAIL resistance or defined mechanisms of resistance that are known to occur in human tumors then compared these cells to the TRAIL-sensitive parental cell line. Although diverse classes of anti-cancer drug were all able to synergize with TRAIL most of these agents were unable to overcome resistance and there was no correlation between the amount of synergy that is seen with a particular agent and its ability to overcome acquired resistance. Proteosome inhibitors were however able to overcome diverse resistance mechanisms suggesting that one should select drugs for TRAIL R agonist combination therapy based not just on their ability to synergize but rather on their ability to both overcome resistance and synergy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 207.
Loose Hip Prosthesis Appearance in Radionuclide Arthrography
Authors: H M ABDEL-DAYEM, Y M BARDOWALA, T PAPADEMITRIO, G ALKAR, C SKORA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Radionuclide arthrography has been found to be valuable in the diagnosis of a loose hip prosthesis. The appearance of one normal case with no loosening and two abnormal cases with loosening of femoral and acetabular components are described. To diagnose this difficult problem, radionuclide arthrography should be used more frequently.
Chipped Glass as a Probable Cause of Retropharyngeal Abscess in an Infant
Authors: Lytt I. Gardner, Horst J. Heinicke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THERE have been three reports describing the ingestion by infants of glass fragments from the rims of baby-food jars.1 2 3 In the case reported below sudden hemoptysis developed while the patient was being fed from a glass jar that was found to have a chipped rim. A large retropharyngeal abscess developed.Case ReportOn June 30, 1947, N. F. (M.G.H.580110), a 10-month-old girl, was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital Emergency Ward with the complaint of hemoptysis and swelling in the neck. Two days prior to entry the baby had vomited some bright-red blood while the mother was feeding her from . . .
On Reviewing Scientific Papers
Authors: Ernest L. Wynder
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The reviewer of scientific articles has a great obligation to the readership of the journal, to the author of the paper, and to the journal itself. Obviously, the reviewer needs to be competent in the subject under discussion. With the rapid advances in science, only a reviewer directly engaged in the area he is to review can adequately undertake the task. His critique should concern itself with the clarity of the text, the methods employed, statistical tests that may or should have been carried out, rationale of the interpretations as well as a careful assessment of the references. An article should not be accepted for publication unless all pertinent views have been cited and proper credit is given to previously published work. Personal bias should obviously not affect a reviewer's critique. The task of the reviewer would be facilitated if authors would transmit their papers for review
Pediatric Heart Transplantation after Declaration of Cardiocirculatory Death
Authors: Mark M. Boucek, Christine Mashburn, Susan M. Dunn, Rebecca Frizell, Leah Edwards, Biagio Pietra, David Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In three infants awaiting orthotopic cardiac transplantation, transplantation was successfully performed with the use of organs from donors who had died from cardiocirculatory causes. The three recipients had blood group O and were in the highest-risk waiting-list category. The mean age of donors was 3.7 days, and the mean time to death after withdrawal from life support was 18.3 minutes. The 6-month survival rate was 100% for the 3 transplant recipients and 84% for 17 control infants who received transplants procured through standard organ donation. The mean number of rejection episodes among the three infants during the first 6 months after surgery was 0.3 per patient, as compared with 0.4 per patient among the controls. Echocardiographic measures of ventricular size and function at 6 months were similar among the three infants and the controls (left ventricular shortening fraction, 43.6% and 44.9%, respectively; P=0.73). No late deaths (within 3.5 years) have occurred in the three infants, and they have had functional and immunologic outcomes similar to those of controls. Mortality while awaiting a transplant is an order of magnitude higher in infants than in adults, and donors who died from cardiocirculatory causes offer an opportunity to decrease this waiting-list mortality.
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia in Two Brothers with Polyposis Coli and Carcinoma of the Colon
Authors: MORTIMER S. GREENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Two brothers developed multiple adenomatous polyps of the colon and colonic adenocarcinoma, the classic features of familial polyposis coli. Both also developed acute myelocytic leukemia. This constellation of neoplasms is distinct from other genetic syndromes that feature polyposis coli. The parents of the brothers are first cousins, suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance of these multiple neoplasms. Autosomal dominant of X-linked transmission is also possible and should be evaluated in other affected families.
Ultrastructural immunohistochemical localization of Clara cell secretory protein in pulmonary epithelium of rabbits.
Authors: S E Patton, R P Gupta, S Nishio, E M Eddy, A M Jetten, C G Plopper, P Nettesheim, G E Hook
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Highly purified Clara cells (93 +/- 3%) isolated from the lungs of rabbits were used to produce an antiserum against Clara cell secretory proteins. This antiserum was used to identify and study the biosynthesis and secretion of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins from isolated Clara cells. The antiserum recognized one major secretory protein with apparent molecular weight of 6 kDa and reacted weakly with a higher molecular weight protein of about 180 kDa. Biosynthesis and secretion of these proteins was not detected in preparations of isolated alveolar type II cells or alveolar macrophages. Immunocytochemical localization of the antigen with colloidal gold indicated a dual localization in bronchiolar Clara cells. Gold labeling was found over the osmiophilic secretory granules of Clara cells and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. In tracheal Clara cells, labeling was found mostly in association with secretory granules and relatively little in association with the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Labeling was also found over the lamellar bodies of type II cells, although the reaction was weak. Labeling of ciliated cells, alveolar type I cells, capillary endothelial cells, and alveolar macrophages was not distinguishable from background. These data indicate that Clara cells of both the bronchioles and trachea of rabbits synthesize and secrete the low molecular weight protein previously called Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP). This antigen does not belong to that group of surfactant proteins whose molecular weights range from 26 to 40 kDa.
A life threatening complication after colonoscopy
Authors: Simon E J Janes, Ian A Cowan, Birgit Dijkstra
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Colonoscopy is a widely used diagnostic and therapeutic intervention.The procedure is usually well tolerated, with less than 0.5% of patients developing bowel perforation.Perforation usually manifests soon after the procedure with generalised abdominal pain.We present the case of a near fatal complication after colonoscopy in which the initial features suggested bowel perforation but further investigation showed an unsuspected cause that necessitated urgent surgery.
Pachymeningeal involvement in POEMS syndrome: Dramatic cerebral MRI improvement after lenalidomide therapy
Authors: Chiara Briani, Renzo Manara, Federica Lessi, Valentina Citton, Renato Zambello, Fausto Adami
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease associated with plasma cell dyscrasia and increased serum or plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, the latter likely responsible for several POEMS syndrome manifestations. Whereas peripheral neuropathy is the main neurological feature and a mandatory diagnostic criterium, central nervous system involvement is less common except for papilledema and stroke. We recently reported the frequent occurrence at brain MRI of cranial pachymeningeal involvement ina series of POEMS syndrome patients. Meningeal histopathology revealed hyperplasia of meningothelial cells, neovascularization, and obstructive vessel remodeling without inflammatory signs pointing to a role of VEGF in the meningeal manifestations. Here, we report the dramatic pachymeningeal improvement in patients undergoing lenalidomide therapy. These findings support the therapeutic role of lenalidomide and might shed further light on the pathophysiology of the disease
Estradiol 17-glucuronide (E217G)-induced internalization of the canalicular bile salt export pump, Bsep, in the rat: its role in E217G-induced cholestasis and its prevention by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DB-cAMP)
Authors: Fernando A. Crocenzi, Luis M. Veggi, Jingsong Cao, Mary Vore, Roger Coleman, Aldo D. Mottino, Marcelo G. Roma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Endocrine and Genetic Diseases of Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Ronald Gotlin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In assembling the 2nd edition, Dr Gardner has skillfully combined the knowledge of over 70 authorities on childhood growth and development, endocrinology, metabolism, and genetics. The contributors were asked to provide information for the primary care physician to help him better understand and treat disease. In addition, for the specialist in pediatrics, endocrinology, metabolism or genetics, the book provides a useful reference source of related fields. The quality of the individual contributions is generally good, and although the order in the final third of the book is somewhat confusing to me, the chapters in the new edition parallel the logical order of the first. The material is presented in an easily digested style, amplified with tables, illustrations, and figures. Many chapters are introduced by interesting sections covering medical history and perinatal ontogenesis. The extensive bibliography has been updated. The index circumvents the problems of locating, in a multiauthored text, all
1003-95 Thrombus aspiration for the treatment of No-reflow phenomenon complicating primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Imad Sheiban, Claudio Moretti, Kumar Prathap, Filippo Sciuto, Andra Gagnor, Pierluigi Omedè, Alessandra Truffa, Walter Grosso Marra, Ahmed Shoheib, Maria Teresa Lucciola, Gianpaolo Trevi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Incidence and Predictors of Bleeding After Contemporary Thrombolytic Therapy for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Scott D. Berkowitz, Christopher B. Granger, Karen S. Pieper, Kerry L. Lee, Joel M. Gore, Maarten Simoons, Paul W. Armstrong, Eric J. Topol, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Although the benefit of thrombolytic therapy in reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction is well established, the types of bleeding and risk factors for bleeding are less well described in large trials. Methods and Results We analyzed the baseline characteristics, outcomes, and incidence of bleeding by location, severity, and treatment assignment among 41 021 patients in the GUSTO-I trial of thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. Of the 40 903 patients for whom there were complete data, 1.2% suffered severe bleeding and 11.4% experienced moderate hemorrhage at a variety of sites. The most common sources of bleeding were procedure related. The thrombolytic regimen was strongly related to the incidence of bleeding; comparatively more bleeding was seen with the therapies of streptokinase plus intravenous heparin and the streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator plus intravenous heparin combination. In multivariate analysis, the four most powerful independent predictors of hemorrhage were older age, lighter body weight, female sex, and African ancestry; they remained the most important predictors of bleeding when multivariate analysis was performed on patients who did not undergo invasive procedures. The presence of serious hemorrhage was associated with other undesirable outcomes (recurrent events, left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmia, or stroke). Conclusions Important predictors of bleeding in this population are increased age, lighter weight, female sex, African ancestry, and experiencing invasive procedures. Other nonhemorrhagic adverse clinical outcomes were associated with moderate and severe bleeding, which was in turn associated with increased length of hospital stay and mortality at 30 days.
Nasal cytology in southwest metropolitan Mexico City inhabitants: a pilot intervention study.
Authors: L Calderon-Garcidueñas, G Roy-Ocotla
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Southwest metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC) inhabitants have been exposed several hours per day for the last 6 years to photochemical smog, ozone being the most important oxidant pollutant. Subjects exposed to the SWMMC atmosphere develop several histopathological changes in their nasal mucosa: dysplasia is the most significant, affecting 78.72% of adult individuals within 60 or more days of residence in SWMMC. This study was originally designed to explore whether chemical intervention could modify nasal dysplasia, as determined by nasal cytology, in a defined adult population. In a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial, 177 healthy male subjects were divided into 5 groups to whom 5000 IU of vitamin A, 100 IU of vitamin E, a combination of vitamins A and E (5000 IU + 100 IU), 16 mg of beta-carotene, or placebo were administered daily for 4 months. Sixteen clinical and cytological variables were monitored. No effect on dysplasia was seen at the end of the 4-month trial; however, an apparent reversibility as well as progression of the dysplastic nasal lesions and high correlation coefficients between dysplasia and nasal cytology of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs; 0.85), squamous metaplasia (SM; 0.50), and nasal mucosa atrophy (NMA; 0.41) were found. A mathematical theoretical nasal dysplasia (tD) predictor equation for SWMMC adult male inhabitants is proposed (tD = 0.85 delta PMNs + 0.50 delta SM + 0.41 delta NMA + 0.98), in which PMNs are the best single dysplasia predictor, and all variables are independent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
'Ravelled Sleeve'? It Seams JAMA Hath Come Apart at Seems
Authors: Lawrence R. Tartow
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  The Ravelled Sleeve of Care1 indeed! Residency training may well be in crisis, but how do we manage the stresses brought on by the annihilation of the English language? Or the strain brought on by trying to knit a sleeve. One can hardly imagine how to get it on the needles.  What Shakespeare said was, Sleep that knits up the ravell'd sleave of care. Ravelled is from the verb ravel , of a fabric: to fray out, to suffer disintegration, used by Shakespeare to mean tangled or confused. In current English usage, ravel is synonymous with unravel. Sleave means a slender filament of silk obtained by separating a thicker thread. So, figuratively and beautifully, this phrase means to put something back together that is coming apart.  Unfortunately, the legislative approaches imposed in New York State recently on residency training appear to have been conceived in as haphazard
Spleno-renal shunt blood flow is an accurate index of collateral circulation in different models of portal hypertension and after pharmacological changes in rats
Authors: Nary Veal, Frédéric Oberti, Frédéric Moal, Eric Vuillemin, Joël Fort, Mehdi Kaassis, Christophe Pilette, Paul Calès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Pyoderma gangrenosum in a patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and complement deficiency
Authors: E.A. Coors, P. Von Den Driesch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

About 50% of cases of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) are associated with a variety of systemic diseases. We describe a patient with severe PG on both legs who suffered from an autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in association with a congenital deficiency of complement factors C2 and C4. To the best of our knowledge, this constellation has not been previously reported.