tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Tumours Successfully Removed by Operation
Authors: T. Oliver, Geo. E. Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1898)

rmvItY w& 1607--'this date, a full-sized silver tracheotomy tube was inserted, ,which allowed her to breathe with comfort.In passing the tube the difficulty consisted in the end of the tube catching *on some projection from the left side.She swallowed easily through the tube in the mouth, which she could take out and put in herself.March gth.There was a tender red swelling in the scar on the right side of the neck, and onl the next day the swelling -burst and discharged pus.March i6th.Pus still came from the abscess on the right side, and there was some swelling on the left side of the neck.March 22nd.The swelling on the left side was increasing and was becoming painful.On this day a large-sized trache- otomy tube, an inch longer than ordinary, was inserted, and she breathed comfortably through it.March 25th.The tracheal tube was changed daily without any difficulty, and there were no attacks of dyspncea for some days.When the tube was out, she used to hold the trachea open with dilating forceps, and was more comfortable with these than with any tube.March 28th.On the afternoon of this date, at I P.M., the tube was taken out to be cleaned, as she had some dyspncea.The patient held the forceps in the trachea as usual, but suddenly she became cyanosed, and before any tube could ,be got in she was dead.POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION.Immediately behind the upper end of the trachea was a large recurrence of the growth with pouches into which the tubes must have been pushed on many occasions when diffl-.eulties had been experienced in passing them.At the upper end of the trachea was a flap of mucous membrane and growth, which probably got against the lower end of the tube and obstructed it.The recurrence had extended back from behind the trachea round both carotid sheaths, and had ulcer- ated almost through the right carotid artery.To Mr. Frank S. Cresswell, Resident Medical Officer, as well as to his assistants, Messrs. Woods and Pratt, and to Sister Guthrie, my
Differential roles of IL-1 and TNF-α on graft-versus-host disease and graft versus leukemia
Authors: Geoffrey R. Hill, Takanori Teshima, Armin Gerbitz, Luying Pan, Kenneth R. Cooke, Yani S. Brinson, James M. Crawford, James L.M. Ferrara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

We demonstrate an increase in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after experimental bone marrow transplant (BMT) when cyclophosphamide (Cy) is added to an otherwise well-tolerated dose (900 cGy) of total body irradiation (TBI). Donor T cell expansion on day +13 was increased after conditioning with Cy/TBI compared with Cy or TBI alone, although cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function was not altered. Histological analysis of the gastrointestinal tract demonstrated synergistic damage by Cy/TBI and allogeneic donor cells, which permitted increased translocation of LPS into the systemic circulation. TNF-α and IL-1 production in response to LPS was increased in BMT recipients after Cy/TBI conditioning. Neutralization of IL-1 significantly reduced serum LPS levels and GVHD mortality, but it did not affect donor CTL activity. By contrast, neutralization of TNF-α did not prevent GVHD mortality but did impair CTL activity after BMT. When P815 leukemia cells were added to the bone marrow inoculum, allogeneic BMT recipients given the TNF-α inhibitor relapsed at a significantly faster rate than those given the IL-1 inhibitor. To confirm that the role of TNF-α in graft versus leukemia (GVL) was due to effects on donor T cells, cohorts of animals were transplanted with T cells from either wild-type mice or p55 TNF-α receptor–deficient mice. Recipients of TNF-α p55 receptor–deficient T cells demonstrated a significant impairment in donor CTL activity after BMT and an increased rate of leukemic relapse compared with recipients of wild-type T cells. These data highlight the importance of conditioning in GVHD pathophysiology, and demonstrate that TNF-α is critical to GVL mediated by donor T cells, whereas IL-1 is not.
Synthesizing Lessons Learned From Get With The Guidelines
Authors: A. Gray Ellrodt, Gregg C. Fonarow, Lee H. Schwamm, Nancy Albert, Deepak L. Bhatt, Christopher P. Cannon, Adrian F. Hernandez, Mark A. Hlatky, Russell V. Luepker, Pamela N. Peterson, Mathew Reeves, Eric Edward Smith
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional,
The Popularity of Benzodiazepines, Their Advantages, and Inadequate Pharmacological Alternatives
Authors: Vladan Starcevic
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Complement C5a, TGF-β1, and MCP-1, in Sequence, Induce Migration of Monocytes Into Ischemic Canine Myocardium Within the First One to Five Hours After Reperfusion
Authors: Holly H. Birdsall, David M. Green, JoAnn Trial, Keith A. Youker, Alan R. Burns, Charles R. MacKay, Gregory J. LaRosa, Hal K. Hawkins, C. Wayne Smith, Lloyd H. Michael, Mark L. Entman, Roger D. Rossen
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Recent studies suggest that reperfusion promotes healing of formerly ischemic heart tissue even when myocardial salvage is no longer possible. Since monocyte-macrophage infiltration is the hallmark of the healing infarct, we have attempted to identify mechanisms that attract monocytes into the heart after reperfusion of ischemic canine myocardium.Isolated autologous 99mTc-labeled mononuclear leukocytes injected into the left atrium localized preferentially in previously ischemic myocardium within the first hour after reperfusion. Histological studies revealed CD64+ monocytes in small venules and the perivascular connective tissue within the first hour after reperfusion. Flow cytometric analysis of cells in cardiac lymph showed systematically increasing numbers of neutrophils and monocytes between 1 and 4 hours after reperfusion; monocyte enrichment was eventually greater than neutrophil enrichment. Monocyte chemotactic activity in cardiac lymph collected in the first hour after reperfusion was wholly attributable to C5a. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 contributed significantly to this chemotactic activity after 60 to 180 minutes, and after 180 minutes, monocyte chemotactic activity in lymph was largely dependent on monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 acting in concert with TGF-beta 1.Beginning in the first 60 minutes after reperfusion, C5a, TGF-beta 1, and MCP-1, acting sequentially, promote infiltration of monocytes into formerly ischemic myocardium. These events may promote the healing of myocardial injury facilitated by reperfusion.
Arguments against helmet legislation are flawed
Authors: Brent Hagel, Alison Macpherson, Frederick P Rivara, Barry Pless
Journal: BMJ (2006)

from the road safety campaigns should be contrasted with the lack of obvious effect on head injuries from helmet laws.Yet helmet laws were far more expensive.All published cost-benefit analyses of injury rates before and after helmet laws show the cost of helmets exceeded any estimated savings in healthcare costs. 7 20 Contributors and sources: DLR cycles almost every day.She is interested in statistical modelling and the consequences of fitting incorrect or inappropriate models.
The Health Technology Assessment of Companion Diagnostics: Experience of NICE
Authors: Sarah K. Byron, Nick Crabb, Elisabeth George, Mirella Marlow, Adrian Newland
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Companion diagnostics are used to aid clinical decision making to identify patients who are most likely to respond to treatment. They are becoming increasingly important as more new pharmaceuticals receive licensed indications that require the use of a companion diagnostic to identify the appropriate patient subgroup for treatment. These pharmaceuticals have proven benefit in the treatment of some cancers and other diseases, and also have potential to precisely tailor treatments to the individual in the future. However, the increasing use of companion diagnostics could place a substantial burden on health system resources to provide potentially high volumes of testing. This situation, in part, has led policy makers and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies to review the policies and methods used to make reimbursement decisions for pharmaceuticals requiring companion diagnostics. The assessment of a pharmaceutical alongside the companion diagnostic used in the clinical trials may be relatively straightforward, although there are a number of challenges associated with assessing pharmaceuticals where a range of alternative companion diagnostics are available for use in routine clinical practice. The UK HTA body, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), has developed policy for considering companion diagnostics using its Technology Appraisal and Diagnostics Assessment Programs. Some HTA bodies in other countries have also adapted their policies and methods to accommodate the assessment of companion diagnostics. Here, we provide insight into the HTA of companion diagnostics for reimbursement decisions and how the associated challenges are being addressed, in particular by NICE. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, "The Precision Medicine Conundrum: Approaches to Companion Diagnostic Co-development."
939 IL-6 INDUCED GP130 DEPENDENT STAT3 ACTIVATION IN HEPATOCYTES PROTECTS AGAINST INITIATION AND PROGRESSION OF STEATOHEPATITIS IN MICE
Authors: D.C. Kroy, N. Beraza, U. Dierssen, L.E. Sander, W. Plum, S. Erschfeld, N. Gassler, C. Trautwein, K.L. Streetz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Thyroid Functions in Heat-Intolerant Persons
Authors: YORAM EPSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 February 1980Thyroid Functions in Heat-Intolerant PersonsYORAM EPSTEIN, M.SC., GAD KEREN, M.D., JOSEPH SACK, M.D.YORAM EPSTEIN, M.SC.Search for more papers by this author, GAD KEREN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH SACK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-2-260_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A reduction in triiodothyronine (T3) concentration, with no change in thyroxine (T4), has been found during exercise in heat (1). With reference to the recent paper in your journal, "Heat Intolerance in Former Heatstroke Patients" (2), we have tried to ascertain differences in thyroid metabolism of heat-tolerant and -intolerant subjects. Nine heat-tolerant and five heat-intolerant volunteers were examined in a climatic chamber at a workload of 40 w for 3 h under 40 °C and 50% relative humidity. Blood samples for T4, T3, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were drawn before and after the exercise (Table 1). A...References1. EPSTEINUDASSINSACK YRJ. Serum 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine and 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine concentrations during acute heat load. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979;49:677-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SHAPIROMAGAZANIKUDASSINBEN-BARUCHSHVARTZSHOENFELD YARGEY. Heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:913-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Heller Institute of Medical Research Sheba Medical Center Tel-Hashomer Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1980Volume 92, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 260-261KeywordsAttentionBloodExerciseHumidityThyroidThyroid-stimulating hormoneThyroxineTriiodothyronine Issue Published: 1 February 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mystery solved: VSV-G-LVs do not allow efficient gene transfer into unstimulated T cells, B cells, and HSCs because they lack the LDL receptor
Authors: Fouzia Amirache, Camille Lévy, Caroline Costa, Philippe-Emmanuel Mangeot, Bruce E. Torbett, Cathy X. Wang, Didier Nègre, François-Loïc Cosset, Els Verhoeyen
Journal: Blood (2014)
How much is too much? Threshold dose distributions for 5 food allergens
Authors: Barbara K. Ballmer-Weber, Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas, Kirsten Beyer, Marianne Defernez, Matthew Sperrin, Alan R. Mackie, Louise J. Salt, Jonathan O'B. Hourihane, Riccardo Asero, Simona Belohlavkova, Marek Kowalski, Frédéric de Blay, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Michael Clausen, André C. Knulst, Graham Roberts, Ted Popov, Aline B. Sprikkelman, Ruta Dubakiene, Stefan Vieths, Ronald van Ree, René Crevel, E.N. Clare Mills
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES IN HALL OF FAME
Authors: John Ferguson
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the January issue of the<i>North American Review</i>there is a list of the names admitted to the Hall of Fame, and the names of those who are not yet honored with a bust. Among the latter is that of Oliver Wendell Holmes. The American Association for Science is taking care of Agassiz; the Quakers are going to honor Whittier; the telegraphers are remembering Morse, and the Masonic order is looking after Paul Jones. May I suggest that the medical profession provide a suitable bust in memory of Holmes, than whom there is none more worthy. It can be said of him as Dr. Samuel Johnson said of Oliver Goldsmith, Nihil erat quod non tetigit, nihil quod tetigit non ornavit.
Differential Actions of PAR <sub>2</sub> and PAR <sub>1</sub> in Stimulating Human Endothelial Cell Exocytosis and Permeability
Authors: Scott W. Klarenbach, Adam Chipiuk, Randy C. Nelson, Morley D. Hollenberg, Allan G. Murray
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Endothelial cell proteinase activated receptors (PARs) belong to a family of heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors that are implicated in leukocyte accumulation and potentiation of reperfusion injury. We characterized the effect and the signal transduction pathways recruited after stimulation of endothelial PAR 2 . We used von Willebrand Factor (vWF) release and monolayer permeability to peroxidase to report Weibel-Palade body (WPB) exocytosis and pore formation, respectively. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with the selective PAR 2 agonist peptide SLIGRL-NH 2 or PAR 1 agonist peptide TFLLR-NH 2 . PAR 2 stimulation resulted in WPB exocytosis like PAR 1 stimulation but, unlike PAR 1 , failed to increase monolayer permeability. BAPTA-AM inhibited PAR 2 -induced exocytosis, indicating a PAR 2 calcium-dependent signal in ECs. Moreover, PAR 2 -like PAR 1 -stimulated exocytosis requires actin cytoskeleton remodeling, because vWF release is inhibited if the cells were pretreated with Jasplakinolide. Rho-GTPase activity is required for PAR-stimulated exocytosis, because inactivation of this family of actin-regulatory proteins with Clostridium difficile toxin B blocked exocytosis. Expression of dominant-negative mutant Cdc42 17N inhibited exocytosis whereas neither dominant-negative Rac 17N expression nor C3 exotoxin treatment affected vWF release. PAR 2 stimulated RhoA-GTP weakly compared with the PAR 1 agonist. We conclude that both PAR 2 and PAR 1 elicit WP body exocytosis in a calcium and Cdc42 GTPase-dependent manner. In contrast, the differential effect of PAR 1 versus PAR 2 activation to increase monolayer permeability correlates with weak RhoA activation by the PAR 2 agonist.
Day–Night Pattern of Sudden Death in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Apoor S. Gami, Daniel E. Howard, Eric J. Olson, Virend K. Somers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

The risk of sudden death from cardiac causes in the general population peaks from 6 a.m. to noon and has a nadir from midnight to 6 a.m. Obstructive sleep apnea is highly prevalent and associated with neurohormonal and electrophysiological abnormalities that may increase the risk of sudden death from cardiac causes, especially during sleep.We reviewed polysomnograms and the death certificates of 112 Minnesota residents who had undergone polysomnography and had died suddenly from cardiac causes between July 1987 and July 2003. For four intervals of the day, we compared the rates of sudden death from cardiac causes among people with obstructive sleep apnea and the following: the rates among people without obstructive sleep apnea, the rates in the general population, and the expectations according to chance. For each interval, we assessed the median apnea-hypopnea index and the relative risk of sudden death from cardiac causes. We similarly analyzed sudden death from cardiac causes during three time intervals that correlate with usual sleep-wake cycles.From midnight to 6 a.m., sudden death from cardiac causes occurred in 46 percent of people with obstructive sleep apnea, as compared with 21 percent of people without obstructive sleep apnea (P=0.01), 16 percent of the general population (P<0.001), and the 25 percent expected by chance (P<0.001). People with sudden death from cardiac causes from midnight to 6 a.m. had a significantly higher apnea-hypopnea index than those with sudden death from cardiac causes during other intervals, and the apnea-hypopnea index correlated directly with the relative risk of sudden death from cardiac causes from midnight to 6 a.m. For people with obstructive sleep apnea, the relative risk of sudden death from cardiac causes from midnight to 6 a.m. was 2.57 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.87 to 3.52). The analysis of usual sleep-wake cycles showed similar results.People with obstructive sleep apnea have a peak in sudden death from cardiac causes during the sleeping hours, which contrasts strikingly with the nadir of sudden death from cardiac causes during this period in people without obstructive sleep apnea and in the general population.
The Clinical Application of Antibiotics. Volume IV: Erythromycin and Other Antibiotics
Authors: Maxwell Finland
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Shortly after World War II, a number of workers at Oxford who had been among the major contributors  the development of antibiotics and, particularly,  the production and application of penicillin proposed to produce a book covering all aspects of their discovery, isolation and chemical, bacteriological and pharmacological characteristics as well as their clinical use, where this has been found possible. The rapidly accelerating pace at which work in this field was moving and the tremendous growth of the literature that accompanied the resulting developments made this impossible. However, in 1949, seven of these Oxford workers (headed by Sir Howard W. Florey) succeeded in getting out two volumes entitled Antibiotics which dealt mainly with the history and developments in the laboratory. These volumes comprised 1,774 pages and contained about 3,500 bibliographic references. The clinical applications were  be covered in a third volume  be authored by Lady Mary
Improving Systems in Perinatal Care
Authors: Wanda D. Barfield
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Evaluation of the Effect of Continuous Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy on the Prognosis of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: M. M. SUZMAN, H. D. RUSKIN, B. GOLDBERG
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Eighty-two patients who survived a myocardial infarct were treated continuously with anticoagulants for periods of 3 to 76 months. Another 88 patients whose treatment with anticoagulants was limited to the acute phase of an infarction and who were observed for similar periods acted as a control group. The group treated continuously exhibits a lower mortality rate with fewer recurrences of infarction. Among the factors subjected to statistical analysis and found to influence the ultimate prognosis unfavourably and which therefore serve as indications for long-term anticoagulant therapy, are a severe presenting attack and a history of previous infarction.
United States Citizens in Foreign Medical Schools and the Future Supply of Physicians
Authors: Barry Stimmel, Thea Fuchs Benenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Between 1973 and 1977, the number of United States citizens in foreign medical schools increased from 12,000 to 15,000, with Mexico and Italy responsible for training 55 per cent of these students. If all these students can successfully meet the requirements for entry into graduate training in the United States, their numbers, combined with the increasing size of entering classes in American medical schools, may exceed the number of positions presently available for first-year graduate training. Serious problems in the quality of education received in several new foreign medical schools must be addressed if these students are to enter the American medical system.