tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Formalin-fixed tissue Mohs surgery (slow Mohs) for basal cell carcinoma: 5-year follow-up data
Authors: C.M. Lawrence, M. Haniffa, M.G.C. Dahl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Mohs surgery using a formalin-fixed tissue technique (slow Mohs) was used to treat 1090 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) occurring in 1000 patients without Gorlin syndrome in a prospective, open nonrandomized trial of therapy carried out in a university dermatology department.To record outcomes and 5-year cure rates in these patients.Five multirecurrent BCCs could not be cleared and Mohs surgery was abandoned. In the remaining 1085 BCCs, after debulking, clearance was achieved with a mean of 1.7 stages and 7.7 blocks. Logistic regression analysis showed that large tumour size and position on the nose were the only factors that significantly predicted the risk of tumour excision requiring more than two Mohs stages. Wounds were managed by the Mohs surgeon (n = 917), by an oculoplastic surgeon (n = 117) and by a plastic or other surgeon (n = 56). The mean interval between the first Mohs excision and Mohs clearance, regardless of the closure technique, was 4.2 days (range 0-44) and the mean interval between tumour clearance and defect closure was 1.9 days (range 0-49). Reconstruction of 117 periocular defects by the oculoplastic surgeon was done at a mean of 0.8 days (range 0-6) after Mohs clearance. Reconstruction by the plastic surgeon was done at a mean of 10 days (range 0-49) after Mohs clearance. Five-year follow up was possible in 750 BCCs. Within this group 21 tumour recurrences were identified, giving a 5-year cure rate of 97.2% for all patients, 97.8% for primary BCC and 95.3% for recurrent BCC. The mean tumour recurrence time was 2.5 years (range 0.6-4.99) following Mohs excision. There was a higher risk of recurrence for big (four of 78; 5%) and recurrent (nine of 193; 5%) BCCs compared with other indications for Mohs surgery.The essential difference between frozen sections and formalin-fixed sections is the greater use of an automated laboratory system to process the smaller size and greater number of blocks produced using the latter process. An effective Mohs service based on formalin-fixed sections requires a minimum of three half-day operating sessions together with a pathology laboratory able to provide results routinely within 24-48 h. A formalin-fixed tissue Mohs service is useful for certain skin tumours and requires less technician time than a frozen section service but this advantage may not outweigh the inconvenience to the patient.
Multiple-Organ Cancer Screening with Diagnostic Radioautographic Procedures
Authors: Norman B. Ackerman, Arthur S. McFee, John A. Blum, Edgar L. Makowski, Owen H. Wangensteen
Journal: JAMA (1963)

SELECTIVE UPTAKE of radioactive phosphorus (P<sup>3~</sup>) by malignant tumors has been well documented since the early 1940's. During the past 20 years, various groups of investigators have devised techniques for diagnosis of tumors in many areas of the body by measuring P<sup>32</sup>uptake. In these studies, radioactivity was measured by counting over the suspicious area with a Geiger-Müller tube and comparing the level of activity with counts obtained over normal areas. This technique has been used in studying cancers of the stomach and esophagus, skin, breast, eye, brain, head and neck, thyroid, cervix, testis, bladder, and lung.<sup>1-4</sup> The use of in vivo diagnostic radioautography has several potential advantages over standard counting methods. Radioautography is a more sensitive technique for detecting small differences in radioactivity. It is able to detect small foci of P<sup>32</sup>activity in tumors with necrotic or fibrous elements. Radioautographs must remain in
The Influence of Alpha1-Adrenoreceptors on Neuropeptide Release from Primary Sensory Neurons of the Lower Urinary Tract
Authors: Marcello Trevisani, Barbara Campi, Raffaele Gatti, Eunice André, Serena Materazzi, Paola Nicoletti, David Gazzieri, Pierangelo Geppetti
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Are there two different types of thinking?
Authors: Stephen E. Newstead
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Stanovich &amp; West's claim that there are two coherent and conceptually distinct types of thinking, System 1 and System 2, is questioned. Some authors equate System 2 with intelligence whereas other do not; and some authors regard the two types of system as distinct while others regard them as lying on a continuum.
Atrial fibrillation in elderly patients: prevalence and comorbidity in general practice
Authors: M Langenberg, B S P Hellemons, J W van Ree, F Vermeer, J Lodder, H J A Schouten, J A Knottnerus
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Patients with atrial fibrillation have an increased risk of thromboembolic complications and mortality.1 To estimate the impact of prophylactic treatment in the general population it is important to know the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in primary care. Epidemiological surveys have reported different prevalence rates, probably because of differences in study populations and methods.1 2 Generally, the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation may be significantly reduced, but treatment advice for individual patients depends on comorbidity and its consequences.3 Therefore, it is important to identify features that influence prognosis in such patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and comorbidities among elderly patients in general practice.

Prevalence and comorbidity were studied in patients …
Sexual dysfunction in cardiovascular disease
Authors: D. Morrison, M. Aitchison, D. T. Connelly, F. S. Mair
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A 53 year old man attends for a routine check-up. He underwent coronary artery bypass grafting after a myocardial infarction earlier in the year, and seems to be making good progress. He says he needs to discuss an embarrassing problem. He explains that he has been having erectile dysfunction, which is making him miserable and preventing normal marital relations.
Letter: Understanding blindness.
Authors: W J Dinning
Journal: BMJ (1974)

concentration of the dialysate still gave a negative result.This woman clearly had a massive over- dose of tricyclic antidepressants and it was considered that her chances of survival were extremely poor.It seemed to us that haemo- dialysis was responsible for a dramatic clinical improvement.This does not seem to be supported by the analyses for the drug we were alble to make.In fact the decrease in plasma imipramine level did not approach the half-time of 3hours reported by Ciba-Geigy (N.Z.) Ltd. (personal com- munication).From our results no increase in the rate of fail of plasma imipramine occurred during dialysis.Unfortunately the lack of samples prior to dialysis leaves some doubt on this point.Our inability to locate any imiprarnine in the dialysate may be explained by the interesting comments of Drs.Asbach and Schuiler (24 August, p. 524) who claim that imirpramine is taken up by the polyvinyl chloride of the extracorporeal blood-line system.Our limited eWerience, that of Harthorne et al.3 and the recent letters from Drs. Asbach and Schuiler have encouraged us to give early consideration to this form of treatment in patients with severe poisoning.However, the recovery of significant amounts of drug by forced diuresis may yet indicate that this method is the most suitable way of eliminating absorbed imipramine and other tricydlic antidepressants.-Weare, etc.,
Hyaluronic acid-ceramide-based optical/MR dual imaging nanoprobe for cancer diagnosis
Authors: Hyun-Jong Cho, Hong Yeol Yoon, Heebeom Koo, Seung-Hak Ko, Jae-Seong Shim, Jee-Hyun Cho, Jae Hyung Park, Kwangmeyung Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Dae-Duk Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Medical and Hospital Care of the Veterans in Massachusetts
Authors: Winthrop Adams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THE entitlement of veterans to hospital and outpatient care under laws and regulations administered by the Veterans Administration is a part of any consideration of provisions for and distribution of medical care in Massachusetts, since there are approximately 600,000 veterans of wartime and peacetime service residing within the Commonwealth. All of these, comprising about 14 per cent of the entire population, are potential beneficiaries of these laws and regulations.These veterans, men and women, who have served in the military forces are entitled, under existing federal laws, to medical care, including hospitalizaron or outpatient service for the relief of disabilities . . .
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase
Authors: Toshikazu Ushijima
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1989Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Neutrophil Alkaline PhosphataseToshikazu Ushijima, MD, Yoshiaki Ohbayashi, MD, Hiroshi Sato, MD, Akio Urabe, MDToshikazu Ushijima, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Yoshiaki Ohbayashi, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Hiroshi Sato, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Akio Urabe, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-1-91_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity sometimes decreases in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, suggesting a reduced neutrophil function. The number of neutrophils varies in each case, but patients with myelodysplastic syndromes often have various kinds of infections that are probably related to impaired neutrophil function. Recently, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) has been produced in large quantities and has been tried as a clinical treatment (1). We have treated a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome by administering rhG-CSF and observed not only an increase in the number of neutrophils but also an increase in the neutrophil alkaline phosphatase score....References1. SouzaBooneGabrilove LTJ. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: effects on normal and leukemic myeloid cells. Science. 1986;232:61-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. YuoKitagawaOkabe AST. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor repairs the abnormalities of neutrophils in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelogenous leukemia. Blood. 1987;70:404-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KobayashiOkabeOzawa YTK. Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor—a preliminary report. Am J Med. 1989;86:178-82. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kanto Teishin Hospital Tokyo Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySweet's syndrome during therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a patient with aplastic anaemiaNeutrophil kinetics shortly after initial administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activitv as an endorrenous marker 1 July 1989Volume 111, Issue 1Page: 91-91KeywordsGranulocyte colony stimulating factorMyelodysplastic syndromesNeutrophilsPhosphatases Issue Published: 1 July 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Marburg Vaccine Shows Promise
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abnormalities in very low, low and high density lipoproteins in hypertriglyceridemia. Reversal toward normal with bezafibrate treatment.
Authors: S Eisenberg, D Gavish, Y Oschry, M Fainaru, R J Deckelbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The effects of triglyceridemia on plasma lipoproteins were investigated in 16 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) subjects (222-2,500 mg/dl) before and after the initiation of bezafibrate therapy. Bezafibrate caused a mean reduction of 56% in plasma triglyceride and increased the levels of lipoprotein and hepatic triglyceride lipases by 260 and 213%, respectively. The natures of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), isolated at plasma density and of low and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL), separated by zonal ultracentrifugation, were determined. HTG-LDL appears as multiple fractions whereas HTG-HDL is seen predominantly as HDL3. HTG-VLDL is relatively poor in apoproteins and triglycerides but enriched in free and esterified cholesterol. HTG-LDL (main fraction) is depleted of free and esterified cholesterol but enriched in apoprotein and triglyceride. It is also denser and smaller than normal. HTG-HDL3 is denser than N-HDL3 and demonstrates compositional abnormalities similar to those of HTG-LDL. With the reduction of the VLDL mass, all abnormalities revert towards normal. This is accompanied by an increase in LDL-apoprotein B and cholesterol levels, which indicates an increased conversion of VLDL to LDL. Significant correlations between plasma triglyceride and the degree of all abnormalities are shown. The data obtained during treatment corroborate these relationships. The observations support the concept that most abnormalities reflect the degree of triglyceridemia. We suggest that plasma core-lipid transfer protein(s) is an effector of the abnormal cholesteryl ester distribution. Its prolonged action on increasingly large and slowly metabolized VLDL populations would entail a correspondingly excessive transfer of cholesteryl ester to VLDL and of triglyceride to LDL and HDL. It is calculated that, in moderate HTG, LDL and HDL contain only 50% of the normal cholesterol load. It is suggested that cholesteryl ester redistribution in HTG might be important in regulating metabolic events.
Laevulose-tolerance Test
Authors: F. K. Herbert
Journal: BMJ (1939)

CBL0137 is a lead drug for human African trypanosomiasis, caused by<i> Trypanosoma brucei</i>. Herein, we use a four-step strategy to (a) identify physiologic targets and (b) determine modes of molecular action of CBL0137 in the trypanosome. First, we identified fourteen CBL0137-binding proteins using affinity chromatography. Second, we developed hypotheses of molecular modes of action, using predicted functions of CBL0137-binding proteins as guides. Third, we documented effects of CBL0137 on molecular pathways in the trypanosome. Fourth, we identified physiologic targets of the drug, by knocking down genes encoding CBL0137-binding proteins and comparing their molecular effects to those obtained when trypanosomes were treated with CBL0137. CBL0137-binding proteins included glycolysis enzymes (aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase), and DNA-binding proteins (UMSBP2, RPA1, RPA2). In chemical biology studies CBL0137 did not reduce ATP level in the trypanosome, ruling out glycolysis enzymes as crucial targets for the drug. Thus, many CBL0137-binding proteins are not physiological targets of the drug. Instead, CBL0137 inhibited (i) nucleus mitosis, (ii) nuclear DNA replication, and (iii) polypeptide synthesis as the first carbazole inhibitor of eukaryote translation. RNAi against RPA1 inhibited both DNA synthesis and mitosis, whereas RPA2 knockdown inhibited mitosis, consistent with both proteins being physiologic targets of CBL0137. Principles used here to distinguish drug-binding proteins from physiological targets of CBL0137 can be deployed with different drugs in other biological systems. <b>Significance Statement</b> To distinguish drug-binding proteins from physiologic targets in the African trypanosome we devised and executed a multi-disciplinary approach involving biochemical, genetic, cell, and chemical biology experiments. The strategy we employed can be used for drugs in other biological systems.
Abstract 1438: Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses attachment and spreading of breast cancer cells on 2D and 3D extracellular matrix components by altering focal adhesion-associated signaling
Authors: Yekaterina B. Khotskaya, Benjamin H. Beck, Douglas R. Hurst, Mien-Chie Hung, Danny R. Welch
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Metastatic dissemination of cancer cells from primary tumor to secondary sites is a multi-step process that depends heavily on the ability of cancer cells to respond to the microenvironmental cues, such as changes in composition of surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), by adapting their adhesion abilities and undergoing cytoskeletal rearrangement. Many of these interactions between cancer cells and ECM are mediated by signaling cascades initiated at the cell surface through activation of integrins and growth factor receptors. BRMS1, or Breast cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1, belongs to a family of metastasis suppressor genes and has been shown to affect several steps of the metastatic cascade. BRMS1-expressing cells shed by the primary tumor can enter the circulation and reach secondary sites, where they remain largely as single cells. Moreover, ectopic expression of BRMS1 results in a significant decrease in survival of tumor cells within blood stream, increased susceptibility to anoikis and inability to form colonies at secondary organ sites, all events that could be attributed to failure of BRMS1 expressing cells to activate integrins and strongly adhere to ECM components. Here, we show that BRMS1 expression in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 cells did not significantly alter expression levels of the integrin monomers tested. However, after short-term (15-30 minutes) plating of cells onto mixed ECM or individual ECM components (collagen I, collagen IV, or fibronectin) under 2D conditions, BRMS1-expressing cells exhibited reduced activation of β1 integrin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and scaffolding protein Talin1, as well as a decrease in their localization to focal adhesions. Furthermore, short-term plating of BRMS1-expressing cells on collagens I or IV or fibronectin resulted in marked inhibition of cytoskeletal rearrangement and failure to form cellular adhesion projections, as compared to cells vector-transfected cells. In addition, under 3D conditions, BRMS1-expressing cells remained rounded and failed to reorganize their cytoskeleton even after 24-hour stimulation with serum. Taken together, we believe that these findings demonstrate that BRMS1-expressing breast cancer cells are inherently unable to respond to microenvironment changes, which may explain why they exhibit reduced survival in circulation, increased susceptibility to anoikis, and decreased colonization of secondary sites. YBK was supported in part by NIH T32 (AR047512-09) and DOD CDMRP BCRP Postdoctoral Fellowship (BC096855) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1438. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1438
Paediatrics of the Past
Authors: E. H. Back, S. Levin
Journal: BMJ (1954)

On looking through the old records of this hospital we noted many interesting features of children's diseases.Records have been found from as early as 1885, and we are fortunate in having 198 actual case notes written by house-physicians and house-surgeons in 1893.The hospital was founded by Dr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Heckford in 1868.The original premises were in an old sail-loft at Ratcliffe Cross, but in 1877 the hospital was formally opened on its present site-being then known as the East London Hospital for Children and Dispensary for Women.Until the beginning of the second world war the hospital had between 100 and 140 beds.There were roughly 1,500 admissions a year, and all types of cases were taken, including diphtheria, typhoid fever, whooping-cough, and often measles.When practicable, these obviously infectious cases were sent to fever hospitals, but more often than not they were nursed in special wards in the hospital.During the second world war the area surrounding the hospital was heavily bombed; indeed, the hospital itself suffered severe bomb damage and many records were lost.The surrounding area is now largely depopulated and the hospital no longer caters for the same numbers as in pre-war days. Case Histories for 1893The 198 case histories for the year 1893 show that all the patients were admitted under the care of Dr. Eustace Smith, who was senior physician for 40 years, until his death in 1913.Most of the histories concern patients over 2 years of age.There are very few on infants under a
1042-81 Increased expression of myeloid related protein in infiltrated neutrophils in coronary atherosclerotic plaques of patients with unstable angina
Authors: Shoichi Miyamoto, Masaki Ikemoto, Makiko Ueda, Takahiko Naruko, Akira Itoh, Koji Hasegawa, Masatoshi Fujita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Selective cytotoxicity of N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol on follicular melanocytes of black mice
Authors: MANDY WONG, KOWICHI JIMBOW
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Previous in vivo studies have shown that 4‐S‐cysteaminylphenol (4‐S‐CAP) and N‐acetly‐4‐S‐ cysteaminylphenol (N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP) have antimelanoma effects and that N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP produced a 98% depigmentation of hair follicles of black mice. This study investigated the process of selective melanocytotoxicity by N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP through light and electron microscopy studies of hair follicles obtained from newborn black mice treated with N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP. Visible changes in follicular melanocytes were found 4h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) adminstration. Clumps of melanin granules and areas of melanocytic nuclear condensation were seen in the hair follicles. On electron microscopy there was progressive destruction of melanoctyes with swelling of membranous organelles, nuclear condensation, and vacuolation of the cytoplasm, culminating in completely necrotic cells. None of thes changes were demonstrated in the surrounding keratinocytes. N‐Ac‐4‐S‐CAP appears to have specific, cytotoxic effects on melanocytes actively producing eumelanin. The drug may not affect precursor or dormant melanocytes whic retain the ability to become active, melanin‐producing cells.