tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of afterload on regional left ventricular torsion
Authors: G. A. MacGowan, D. Burkhoff, W. J. Rogers, D. Salvador, H. Azhari, P. S. Hees, J. L. Zweier, H. R. Halperin, C. O. Siu, J. A.C. Lima, J. L. Weiss, E. P. Shapiro
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

To determine if left ventricular torsion, as measured by magnetic resonance tissue tagging, is afterload dependent in a canine isolated heart model in which neurohumoral responses are absent, and preload is constant.In ten isolated, blood perfused, ejecting, canine hearts, three afterloads were studied, while keeping preload constant: low afterload, high afterload (stroke volume reduced by approx. 50% of low afterload), and isovolumic loading (infinite afterload).There were significant effects of afterload on both torsion (P < 0.05) and circumferential shortening (P < 0.0005). Between low and high afterloads, at the anterior region of the endocardium only, where torsion was maximal, there was a significant reduction in torsion (15.1 +/- 2.2 degrees to 7.8 +/- 1.8 degrees, P < 0.05). Between high afterload and isovolumic loading there was no significant change in torsion (7.8 +/- 1.8 degrees to 6.2 +/- 1.5 degrees, P = NS). Circumferential shortening at the anterior endocardium was significantly reduced both between low and high afterload (-0.19 +/- 0.02 to -0.11 +/- 0.02, P < 0.0005), and also between high afterload and isovolumic loading (-0.11 +/- 0.02 to 0.00 +/- 0.02, P < 0.05). Plots of strains with respect to end-systolic volume demonstrated a reduction in both torsion and shortening with afterload-induced increases in end-systolic volume. Torsion, but not circumferential shortening, persisted at isovolumic loading.Maximal regional torsion of the left ventricle is afterload dependent. The afterload response of torsion appears related to the effects of afterload on end-systolic volume.
Treosulfan and fludarabine: a new toxicity-reduced conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jochen Casper, Wolfgang Knauf, Thomas Kiefer, Daniel Wolff, Beate Steiner, Ulrich Hammer, Rudolf Wegener, Hans-Dieter Kleine, Stefan Wilhelm, Agnes Knopp, Gernot Hartung, Gottfried Dölken, Mathias Freund
Journal: Blood (2003)
Prolonged survival for patients with newly diagnosed, inoperable glioblastoma with 3-times daily ultrafractionated radiation therapy
Authors: P. Beauchesne, V. Bernier, C. Carnin, L. Taillandier, M. Djabri, L. Martin, X. Michel, J.-P. Maire, T. Khalil, C. Kerr, T. Gorlia, R. Stupp, R. Pedeux
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2010)

Ultrafractionation of radiation therapy is a novel regimen consisting of irradiating tumors several times daily, delivering low doses (<0.75 Gy) at which hyperradiosensitivity occurs. We recently demonstrated the high efficiency of ultrafractionated radiotherapy (RT) on glioma xenografts and report here on a phase II clinical trial to determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of an ultrafractionation regimen in patients with newly and inoperable glioblastoma (GBM). Thirty-one patients with histologically proven, newly diagnosed, and unresectable supratentorial GBM (WHO grade IV) were enrolled. Three daily doses of 0.75 Gy were delivered at least 4 hours apart, 5 days per week over 6–7 consecutive weeks (90 fractions for a total of 67.5 Gy). Conformal irradiation included the tumor bulk with a margin of 2.5 cm. The primary end points were safety, toxicity, and tolerability, and the secondary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Multivariate analysis was used to compare the OS and PFS with the EORTC-NCIC trial 26981-22981/CE.3 of RT alone vs radiation therapy and temozolomide (TMZ). The ultrafractionation radiation regimen was safe and well tolerated. No acute Grade III and/or IV CNS toxicity was observed. Median PFS and OS from initial diagnosis were 5.1 and 9.5 months, respectively. When comparing with the EORTC/NCIC trial, in both PFS and OS multivariate analysis, ultrafractionation showed superiority over RT alone, but not over RT and TMZ. The ultrafractionation regimen is safe and may prolong the survival of patients with GBM. Further investigation is warranted and a trial associating ultra-fractionation and TMZ is ongoing.
Routine Blood Cultures for the Febrile Inpatient
Authors: Bryan LeBude, Gretchen Diemer
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study of loteprednol etabonate 0.2% in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis11None of the investigators had a proprietary interest in loteprednol etabonate.
Authors: David G Shulman, Larry L Lothringer, Jay M Rubin, Richard B Briggs, John Howes, Gary D Novack, Kathryn Hart
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Dormancy Phenotype Displayed by Extracellular <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> within Artificial Granulomas in Mice
Authors: Petros C. Karakousis, Tetsuyuki Yoshimatsu, Gyanu Lamichhane, Samuel C. Woolwine, Eric L. Nuermberger, Jacques Grosset, William R. Bishai
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis residing within pulmonary granulomas and cavities represents an important reservoir of persistent organisms during human latent tuberculosis infection. We present a novel in vivo model of tuberculosis involving the encapsulation of bacilli in semidiffusible hollow fibers that are implanted subcutaneously into mice. Granulomatous lesions develop around these hollow fibers, and in this microenvironment, the organisms demonstrate an altered physiologic state characterized by stationary-state colony-forming unit counts and decreased metabolic activity. Moreover, these organisms show an antimicrobial susceptibility pattern similar to persistent bacilli in current models of tuberculosis chemotherapy in that they are more susceptible to the sterilizing drug, rifampin, than to the bactericidal drug isoniazid. We used this model of extracellular persistence within host granulomas to study both gene expression patterns and mutant survival patterns. Our results demonstrate induction of dosR (Rv3133c) and 20 other members of the DosR regulon believed to mediate the transition into dormancy, and that relMtb is required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival during extracellular persistence within host granulomas. Interestingly, the dormancy phenotype of extracellular M. tuberculosis within host granulomas appears to be immune mediated and interferon-γ dependent.
Preoperative Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Followed by Gemcitabine-Based Chemoradiation for Resectable Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreatic Head
Authors: Gauri R. Varadhachary, Robert A. Wolff, Christopher H. Crane, Charlotte C. Sun, Jeffrey E. Lee, Peter W.T. Pisters, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Eddie Abdalla, Huamin Wang, Gregg A. Staerkel, Jeffrey H. Lee, William A. Ross, Eric P. Tamm, Priya R. Bhosale, Sunil Krishnan, Prajnan Das, Linus Ho, Henry Xiong, James L. Abbruzzese, Douglas B. Evans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

We conducted a phase II trial of preoperative gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy in addition to chemoradiation (Gem-Cis-XRT) and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for patients with stage I/II pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Chemotherapy consisted of gemcitabine (750 mg/m(2)) and cisplatin (30 mg/m(2)) given every 2 weeks for four doses. Chemoradiation consisted of four weekly infusions of gemcitabine (400 mg/m(2)) combined with radiation therapy (30 Gy in 10 fractions administered over 2 weeks) delivered 5 days per week. Patients underwent restaging 4 to 6 weeks after completion of chemoradiation and, in the absence of disease progression, were taken to surgery.The study enrolled 90 patients; 79 patients (88%) completed chemo-chemoradiation. Sixty-two (78%) of 79 patients were taken to surgery and 52 (66%) of 79 underwent PD. The median overall survival of all 90 patients was 17.4 months. Median survival for the 79 patients who completed chemo-chemoradiation was 18.7 months, with a median survival of 31 months for the 52 patients who underwent PD and 10.5 months for the 27 patients who did not undergo surgical resection of their primary tumor (P < .001).Preoperative Gem-Cis-XRT did not improve survival beyond that achieved with preoperative gemcitabine-based chemoradiation (Gem-XRT) alone. The longer preoperative interval required more durable biliary decompression (metal stents) but was not associated with local tumor progression. The gemcitabine-based chemoradiation platform is a reasonable foundation on which to build future phase II multimodality trials for stage I/II pancreatic cancer incorporating emerging systemic therapies.
High-dose cytosine arabinoside in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Authors: H Kantarjian, B Barlogie, W Plunkett, W Velasquez, P McLaughlin, S Riggs, F Cabanillas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

Thirty-two patients with refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) given at 2 g/m2 IV over three hours every 12 hours for 4-8 g/m2/course repeated at three to four week intervals. There were eight partial responses (29%) and two minor responses among 28 evaluable patients. The median response duration was 10 weeks (range, 6-33 weeks). The median survival was significantly prolonged in responders compared to nonresponders (28 versus 15 weeks; p = 0.03). Two additional patients treated with 12 g/m2/course died of sepsis and myelosuppression. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, which was more pronounced in patients with prior extensive radiation therapy and bone marrow involvement. In vivo measurements of intracellular concentrations of ara-CTP, the active metabolite of ara-C, showed significantly higher values in bone marrows with lymphomatous involvement compared to normal bone marrows (210 versus 95 microM; p = 0.05), probably indicating a preferential formation and retention of ara-CTP in malignant cells compared to normal hemopoietic cells. In addition, higher ara-CTP levels were found in bone marrows that had higher percentages of cells in S phase.
Contribution of genetic factors other than CFTR to disease severity in cystic fibrosis
Authors: J. Hull, A. H Thomson
Journal: Thorax (1998)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Disease severity in patients with cystic fibrosis shows marked variability. Attempts to explain this phenotypic heterogeneity on the basis of CFTR genotype have had limited success. A study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that naturally occurring variants of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and the detoxifying enzyme glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) could influence disease severity in cystic fibrosis. <h3>METHODS</h3> Fifty three children with cystic fibrosis were studied. To allow for the effect of age, all clinical details were collected during the eighth year of age. The subjects were divided into groups, both according to the presence or absence of the TNF2 TNF-α -308 promoter polymorphism (n = 20), and by homozygosity for the null allele of GSTM1 (n = 26). <h3>RESULTS</h3> Percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) and weight <i>z</i>scores were significantly lower in the TNF2 group (mean difference (95% confidence intervals) for FEV<sub>1</sub> 11.6% (1.7 to 21.5) and 0.59 (0.06 to 1.12) for weight <i>z</i> score). The Chrispin-Norman chest radiographic score was significantly higher and the Shwachman score was significantly lower in patients homozygous for the GSTM1 null allele. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Two independent genetic factors have been identified which appear to influence disease severity in cystic fibrosis. These results support the contention that inflammation in cystic fibrosis contributes to tissue damage. Isolation of further such factors may lead to identification of patients at risk of more severe disease and allow targeted aggressive therapy in this group.
Regulation of FOXO3 by phosphorylation and methylation in hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol exposure
Authors: Irina Tikhanovich, Sudhakiranmayi Kuravi, Roosevelt V. Campbell, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Antonio Artigues, Maria T. Villar, Steven A. Weinman
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection produces chronic liver injury that is significantly exacerbated by alcohol consumption. While multiple mechanisms contribute to this synergy, a viral-induced loss of antioxidant responses has been shown to play an important role. This study examined the effects of HCV infection and alcohol on the regulation of the transcription factor FOXO3, an important regulator of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2) expression, a tumor suppressor, and a component of the hepatic antioxidant response system. FOXO3 was activated by either HCV or alcohol alone but suppressed by the combination. To understand this paradoxical result, we applied a capillary isoelectric focusing (IEF) method to determine the pattern of FOXO3 posttranslational modifications (PTMs) induced by HCV and alcohol. We observed the presence of multiple different nuclear and cytosolic species of FOXO3 and used antiphosphoserine, acetyl-lysine, methylarginine, and ubiquitin antibodies to identify the PTM patterns present in each species. HCV caused multiple changes including phosphorylation of FOXO3 at S-574, a novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) site, which promoted nuclear translocation and transcription. Ethanol suppressed arginine-methylation of FOXO3 promoting nuclear export and degradation of the JNK phosphorylated form. Human liver biopsy samples showed the presence of the HCV-specific form of FOXO3 in HCV-infected livers but not in normal liver or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Conclusion: The development of this novel IEF method for the simultaneous quantification of differently modified FOXO3 species allowed us to demonstrate how HCV and alcohol combine to modify a complex pattern of FOXO3 PTMs that contribute to pathogenesis. This approach will allow further dissection of the role of protein PTMs in viral liver disease. (Hepatology 2014;58:58–70)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Pacemaker Reuse: An Initiative to Alleviate the Burden of Symptomatic Bradyarrhythmia in Impoverished Nations Around the World”
Authors: Timir S. Baman, James N. Kirkpatrick, Joshua Romero, Lindsey Gakenheimer, Al Romero, David C. Lange, Rachel Nosowsky, Kay Fuller, Eric O. Sison, Rogelio V. Tangco, Nelson S. Abelardo, George Samson, Patricia Sovitch, Christian E. Machado, Stephen R. Kemp, Kara Morgenstern, Edward B. Goldman, Hakan Oral, Kim A. Eagle
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Alleviate the Burden of Symptomatic Bradyarrhythmia in Impoverished Nations Around the World." 1 In addition, we applaud the great humanitarian efforts of Dr Yusuf, the Association of Pakistani-descent Cardiologists of North America, and Heartbeat International 2 to deliver devices to underserved patients in Pakistan.
Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with impaired pictorial memory task acquisition and retention in children
Authors: L. Kheirandish-Gozal, M.R. De Jong, K. Spruyt, S.A.J. Chamuleau, D. Gozal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

The aim of our study was to evaluate whether obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with impaired acquisition and recall of a pictorial-based memory tasks in children. 54 children with OSA and 17 controls matched for age, sex and ethnicity underwent a sleep study (overnight polysomnogram). Before the sleep study subjects completed a 15-min pictorial memory task acquisition consisting of four trials, followed by a free-recall period to assess retention after 10 min and the following morning upon awakening. Children with OSA had a higher obstructive apnoea/hypopnoea index (6.3±1.5 events·h −1 TST) than controls (0.6±0.1 events·h −1 TST) (p&lt;0.0001). Mean learning scores in controls over the four consecutive trials were incrementally better than in children with OSA for the four-trial set (p&lt;0.0001). Both immediate (p&lt;0.0001) and overnight recall performances were worse among OSA children (p&lt;0.0001), who also exhibited declines in recall performance that was absent in controls (p&lt;0.001). Differences in pictorial task acquisition trajectories suggest that children with OSA require more time and an increased number of learning opportunities to reach immediate and long-term recall performances that are reduced compared with controls. Thus, both acquisition and retention of newly learned material are compromised. These findings confirm and expand on the presence of known cognitive deficits in children with OSA.
PATIENTS WITH UNDERLYING RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK EXHIBIT WORSENED LONGITUDINAL MYOCARDIAL STRAIN WITH BIVENTRICULAR PACING AS COMPARED TO THOSE WITH LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK
Authors: Sabe De, Zoran Popovic, David Verhaert, Thomas Dresing, Randall Starling, Wai Hong Tang, Bruce Wilkoff, James D. Thomas, Richard A. Grimm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Popliteal and calf cysts in rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment by anterior synovectomy.
Authors: M.I Jayson, A.S Dixon, A Kates, I Pinder, E.N Coomes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Popliteal or calf cysts are frequently found in association with rheumatoid arthritis of the knee.The con- clusions drawn from a study of the physiology of the knee joint (Jayson and Dixon, 1970b) suggested that, in treating these cysts, attention should be directed primarily to the knee.We report here seven patients who developed cysts in the calf or in the popliteal space behind the knee which were relieved by synovectomy from the front of the knee.
Sporadic Community-Acquired Legionnaires' Disease in the United States
Authors: Gregory Storch, William B. Baine, David W. Fraser, Claire V. Broome, Herbert W. Clegg, Mitchell L. Cohen, Stella A. J. Goings, Brenda D. Politi, William A. Terranova, Theodore F. Tsai, Brian D. Plikaytis, Charles C. Shepard, John V. Bennett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

One hundred patients with sporadic, community-acquired, serologically confirmed Legionnaires' disease were matched with control subjects known by the patients (acquaintance controls) and control subjects chosen from among patients with negative serodiagnostic tests for Legionnaires' disease (clinical controls). Each clinical control subject was also matched with an acquaintance control of his own. Legionnaires' disease patients had smoked more cigarettes, consumed more alcohol, and were more likely to have resided near excavation sites than acquaintance or clinical control subjects. Parallel differences between clinical controls and their acquaintances were not seen. Legionnaires' disease patients had traveled away from home for more time during the 2 weeks before onset of illness than had their acquaintances. The difference was of greater magnitude than that between clinical control subjects and their acquaintances. Legionnaires' disease patients were more likely to have resided near construction sites than clinical controls, and there were more construction workers among patients than among clinical control subjects.
Relationship Between Lipid Levels and Clinical Outcomes in the Long-Term Intervention With Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) Trial
Authors: R. John Simes, Ian C. Marschner, David Hunt, David Colquhoun, David Sullivan, Ralph A.H. Stewart, Wendy Hague, Anthony Keech, Peter Thompson, Harvey White, John Shaw, Andrew Tonkin
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) trial showed that pravastatin significantly reduced mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in 9014 patients with known CHD and total cholesterol 4.0 to 7.0 mmol/L at baseline. Secondary objectives included assessment of CHD event reduction according to lipid levels. Methods and Results — We investigated the relationships of baseline and on-study lipids with subsequent CHD events in separate Cox models. Treatment effect on CHD event reduction was examined by baseline lipids and after adjustment for on-study lipid levels. Baseline lipids were significant predictors of CHD events. The adjusted relative risk per mmol/L (on placebo) was 1.24 ( P =0.004) for total cholesterol, 1.28 ( P =0.002) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 0.52 ( P =0.004) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Apolipoproteins A1 and B were strong predictors (each P =0.001). Pravastatin reduced the risk of the composite outcome of fatal CHD or nonfatal myocardial infarction by 24% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 32%) and the expanded end point of fatal CHD, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or coronary revascularization by 17% (95% CI, 10% to 24%). Similar relative effects were observed for different categories of baseline lipids. The proportion of treatment effect explained by on-study lipid levels was 67% (95% CI, 27% to 106%) for the composite and 97% (95% CI, 49% to 145%) for the expanded end point. The most important lipids associated with event reduction were apolipoprotein B, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the combination of total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions — Changes in lipid levels can explain all or most of the observed benefit of pravastatin. Some treatment effect may also be mediated through nonlipid changes.
Prospective comparison of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration and surgical histology in upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors
Authors: M. Philipper, S. Hollerbach, H. Gabbert, S. Heikaus, A. Böcking, N. Pomjanski, H. Neuhaus, T. Frieling, B. Schumacher
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also: Commentaire de travail de M. Philipper et al., pp. 300Endoscopy 2010; 42(04): 349-349DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291847
AIDS vaccine therapy: phase I trial
Authors: O. Picard, P. Giral, M.C. Defer, M. Fouchard, M. Morel, M.C. Meyohas, J.C. Imbert, J. Lebas, J. Frottier, J.J. Salaun, Z. Lurhuma, B. Moss, RobertC. Gallo, D. Zagury
Journal: The Lancet (1990)