tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Selective blockade of NF‐κB by novel mutated IκBα suppresses CD3/CD28‐induced activation of memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in asthma
Authors: L.‐F. Zhou, M.‐S. Zhang, A.‐H. Hu, Z. Zhu, K.‐S. Yin
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) overactivation plays a crucial role in T‐helper 2 (Th2)‐biased allergic airway inflammation by increased activation and decreased apoptosis of CD4 + T cells. We have shown that targeted NF‐κB suppression in dendritic cells by adenoviral gene transfer of a novel mutated inhibitor of NF‐κB (IκBα) (AdIκBαM) contributes to T‐cell tolerance, but the immunosuppressive action of AdIκBαM on memory (CD45RO + ) CD4 + T cells remains enigmatic. Methods: CD45RO + T cells from Dermatophagoides farinaei ‐sensitized asthmatic patients, untransfected or transfected with AdIκBαM or AdLacZ (β‐galactosidase) for 24 h, were stimulated with anti‐CD3 (1.0 μg/ml) plus anti‐CD28 (0.5 μg/ml) monoclonal antibody for an additional 24 h. IκBαM transgene expression and NF‐κB activation were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐PCR), Western blot analysis, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Phenotype and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry, annexin V binding, and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling analyses. Cytokine production and cell proliferation were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and [ 3 H] thymidine incorporation. Results: A unique 801‐bp IκBαM cDNA and a dose‐dependent increase in IκBαM transgene expression were observed in AdIκBαM‐transfected CD45RO + T cells. Significantly, AdIκBαM inhibited CD3/CD28‐mediated NF‐κB activation in CD45RO + T cells, leading to evident apoptosis, reduction of eotaxin, RANTES, Th1 [interferon (IFN)‐γ and interleukin (IL)‐2], and Th2 (IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13 despite a slight decrease in IL‐10) cytokines and secondary proliferative response. AdIκBαM also upregulated cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) and downregulated CD69 besides no change in CD28. Conclusion: IκBαM might be beneficial to augment memory CD4 + T‐cell tolerance through modulating B7‐CD28/CTLA‐4 co‐stimulatory pathways and NF‐κB‐dependent cytokine profiles in allergic inflammatory diseases including asthma.
Association of Young Maternal Age with Adverse Reproductive Outcomes
Authors: Alison M. Fraser, John E. Brockert, R.H. Ward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Pregnancy in adolescence is associated with an excess risk of poor outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity. Whether this association simply reflects the deleterious sociodemographic environment of most pregnant teenagers or whether biologic immaturity is also causally implicated is not known.
Left Coronary Ostial Stenosis Caused by Focal Intimal Fibrosis
Authors: Afksendiyos Kalangos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters2 November 1999Left Coronary Ostial Stenosis Caused by Focal Intimal FibrosisAfksendiyos Kalangos, MD, PhDAfksendiyos Kalangos, MD, PhDUniversity Cantonal Hospital of Geneva; 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland (Kalangos)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-9-199911020-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:A 34-year-old woman with no family history of ischemic heart disease, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia had effort-induced, atypical chest pain for 6 months. Resting electrocardiography showed minor, nonspecific T-wave changes in the precordial leads, but the treadmill test revealed 2-mm downward-sloping ST-segment depression in the anteroseptal and anterolateral leads at 50 W. Coronary angiography showed severe left coronary ostial stenosis estimated at 98% with no evidence of irregularities in the other coronary arteries (Figure). Arteriographic evaluation showed no abnormality of the aorta and its branches. Studies for collagen and autoimmune diseases and results of serologic ...References1. Yamanaka O, Hobbs RE. Solitary ostial coronary artery stenosis. Jpn Circ J. 1993;57:404-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Stanley JC, Gewertz BL, Bove EL, Sottiurai V, Fry WJ. Arterial fibrodysplasia. Histopathologic character and current etiologic concepts. Arch Surg. 1975;110:561-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Pritchard CL, Mudd JG, Barner HB. Coronary ostial stenosis. Circulation. 1975;52:46-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Brill IC, Brodeur MT, Oyama AA. Myocardial infarction in two sisters less than 20 years old. JAMA. 1971;217:1345-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Przybojewski JZ, van der Walt JJ. “Coronary intimal fibrous stenosis”—early coronary atherosclerosis causing acute myocardial infarction. A case presentation and overview. S Afr Med J. 1982;62:770-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Afksendiyos Kalangos, MD, PhDAffiliations: University Cantonal Hospital of Geneva; 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland (Kalangos) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 9Page: 717KeywordsAngiographyAtherosclerosisCellsCoronary arteriesCoronary heart diseaseFibrosisIschemiaMedical risk factorsStable coronary artery diseaseStenosis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 2 November 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE IMPACT OF SAPOGRELATE ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY ADULTS: COMPARISON WITH, ASPIRIN, CILOSTAZOL
Authors: Tae-Hyun Yang, Young-Wan Cho, Han-Young Jin, Jung-Sook Seo, Jae-Sik Jang, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Dong-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Ex vivo fucosylation of third-party human regulatory T cells enhances anti–graft-versus-host disease potency in vivo
Authors: Simrit Parmar, Xiaoying Liu, Amer Najjar, Nina Shah, Hong Yang, Eric Yvon, Katy Rezvani, Ian McNiece, Patrick Zweidler-McKay, Leonard Miller, Steve Wolpe, Bruce R. Blazar, Elizabeth J. Shpall
Journal: Blood (2014)
A memorable patient: Happy ending
Authors: P. Mortimer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

She had been admitted that Saturday morning as an “acute abdomen,” but the surgical registrar could not make a diagnosis and passed her over to the paediatricians. My senior house officer emphasised her concerns with her first sentence to me over the telephone: “If you don’t see her she’ll die.” 

The girl was almost 4 years old, quiet, and toxic. Severe abdominal pain and vomiting continued. The abdomen was scaphoid and not significantly tender. X ray examinations were unhelpful. The diagnosis was obscure, but it was clear that necrosis was setting in and we persuaded the surgeons that the abdomen should be opened. 

There had been a massive herniation of the malrotated small bowel through a hole in the peritoneum. Once released the circulation seemed to recover and the surgical registrar closed up after some 40 minutes. She improved but 18 hours later she collapsed in severe pain and peripheral circulatory failure. 

I sought advice from Professor (now Sir) Christopher Booth, who gave me the names of surgeons who practised interval resection for patients with mesenteric thrombosis. By Sunday morning I had gathered sufficient evidence of the success of such management, via long distance telephone calls, to be able to persuade the consultant to resect as much as necessary. He agreed “so long as the parents do not blame the surgeon if she dies on the table.” “They’ll blame you if you don’t even try,” I thought. Out came 10 feet of gangrenous bowel. She was left with only six inches of jejunum and seven of ileum but, critically, all the duodenum and colon and the ileocaecal valve. 

She immediately looked better and back on the ward we fed her on solid food from the fourth day. After many weeks we sent her home still vomiting. Her mother, despite six other siblings to look after, was, I felt, better able than the ward to feed and refeed her as often as she needed. 

She came to outpatients regularly and gained no weight for five months. Very weak, she was carried everywhere, but then one day I heard her little footsteps as well as her parents’ approaching the consulting room door. I knew that she was better before I saw her. She had gained two pounds. The only supplements were children’s multivitamins and extra vitamin D—no folate and no B12. She did not need them. She did need a low fat diet (over which we compromised in order to maintain her appetite) and some iron later in her teens. The retroperistalsis subsided and the remaining bowel grew and its mucosa hypertrophied, but as a girl she refused any further investigation so I could not study this recovery. 

She grew into a slender, beautiful, and otherwise healthy young lady. I went to her wedding. She is now 37, has three lovely children, all breast fed after appropriately supplemented pregnancies. She is fully active and a recent health check found “nothing to cause concern and more bowel than the doctor had expected.” 

Her healthy survival has much to do with the plentiful provision of solid food in the early days and her parents’ dedication.
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Urothelial Carcinoma of the Prostate
Authors: Juan Palou, David Wood, Bernard H. Bochner, Henk van der Poel, Hikmat A. Al-Ahmadie, Ofer Yossepowitch, Mark S. Soloway, Lawrence C. Jenkins
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Epigenetic regulation of CD1d-mediated antigen presentation in B cell lymphoma
Authors: Irina Tiper, Tonya J Webb
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Tumors frequently alter antigen processing and presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins in order to evade recognition by the immune system. CD1d, a non-polymorphic MHC class I-like molecule, presents lipid antigens to Natural killer T (NKT) cells, which have
Cytology of Female Genital Tract
Authors: U. PENTTI KOKKO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 December 1973Cytology of Female Genital TractU. PENTTI KOKKO, M.D.U. PENTTI KOKKO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-6-906 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: On 25 May 1973 a study group met at the Center for Disease Control to define standards of adequacy of cytologic examination of the female genital tract. They issued the following text.STANDARDS OF ADEQUACY OF CYTOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACTIntroduction: The value of the cytologic examination in detection of epithelial abnormality of the female genital tract depends very critically on the quality of the specimen received in the laboratory. A poorly obtained or poorly fixed cellular sample may be interpreted incorrectly by the cytopathologist.Uterine Cervix:An adequate cervical cytologic sample (Pap smear)... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bureau of Laboratories Center for Disease Control Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1973Volume 79, Issue 6Page: 906-907KeywordsCell biologyCervixGenital anatomyResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 December 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Glycemic Control and Diabetic Complications
Authors: Suzanne Strowig, Philip Raskin
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

The relationship between glycemic control and diabetic complications remains unclear. Epidemiological studies reveal that ∼25% of diabetic individuals do not develop complications, irrespective of degree of glycemic control. Studies of genetic factors, including HLA type, capillary basement membrane thickness, genetic predisposition to hypertension, and familial clustering of diabetic complications, suggest that there is a genetic component to developing the complications of diabetes. On the other hand, clinical trials have demonstrated that the progression of early, mild background retinopathy, microalbuminuria, and parameters of nervous system function are stabilized with improved glycemic control. Other metabolic parameters, such as serum lipoprotein levels, are significantly improved with near normoglycemia. No studies to date have evaluated the effect of blood glucose control on the prevention of diabetic complications. The degree of glycemic control required to impact on diabetic complications is unknown. In addition, achieving near normoglycemia carries increased risk for severe hypoglycemia and weight gain. Further study is needed to determine the long-term benefits of blood glucose control and to weigh that against the risks of improving glycemic control. Further investigation also is needed to address the probable interrelationship of genetic factors and glycemic control on the development of diabetic complications.
Efficacy and safety of moricizine in patients with ventricular tachycardia: results of a placebo-controlled prospective long-term clinical trial.
Authors: C M Pratt, A Wierman, A A Seals, L English, C Leon, J B Young, M A Quinones, R Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1986)

This was a prospective, placebo-controlled, single-blind trial of moricizine (ethmozine) in a dose averaging 10 mg/kg/day in 50 patients, the single entrance criterion being the presence of 10 or more runs of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) on a screening 24 hr ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) recording. Electrophysiologic study was not included as part of this trial design. The placebo frequency of VT (average 3 days of recording) was 1036 +/- 479 runs of VT per day. Most patients (31/50) had coronary artery disease. The study population had a mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 36 +/- 16%; 20 patients also had a history of sustained VT. Protocol failure was defined as failure to achieve a 75% or greater reduction in runs of VT (as judged by ambulatory ECG recording) and/or recurrence of sustained VT while on moricizine. Among the 48 patients treated with moricizine, the drug was initially efficacious in 35 (73%), with two-thirds having total abolition of nonsustained VT. Although it was effective in reducing runs of nonsustained VT, moricizine was ineffective in preventing the recurrence of sustained VT (63% failure rate). Side effects were uncommon and the drug was well tolerated in most patients with LVEFs of 30% or less.
Increasing saliva (free) oestriol to progesterone ratio in late pregnancy: a role for oestriol in initiating spontaneous labour in man?
Authors: H H McGarrigle, G C Lachelin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Oestriol and progesterone concentrations were measured in samples of saliva obtained daily from six normal women during the final four weeks before the spontaneous onset of labour. Progesterone concentrations were found to plateau whereas oestriol concentrations continued to rise so that the mean ratio of saliva oestriol to progesterone increased from 0.80 to 1.43 between 29 days and one day before labour. Saliva oestriol concentrations were 15 times higher than saliva oestradiol concentrations. As saliva steroid concentrations reflect the unbound unconjugated (free) plasma steroid concentrations these data suggest that a changing ratio of oestriol to progesterone may play a part in initiating spontaneous labour in man.
Inhibition of Metastatic Behavior of Murine Osteosarcoma by Hypophysectomy
Authors: M. Pollak, A. W. Sem, M. Richard, E. Tetenes, R. Bell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

We recently reported that human osteogenic sarcoma cells are mitogenically responsive in tissue culture to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), a mitogen important in the regulation of cellular proliferation of many tissues, including bone.The present study was designed to determine whether these in vitro observations could be extended to an in vivo experimental system and whether reduction of IGF-I levels by hypophysectomy could inhibit the aggressive metastatic behavior of osteosarcoma.We used standard competitive binding and affinity-labeling techniques to characterize the IGF-I-binding sites of MGH-OGS, a model of human osteosarcoma. Radioimmunoassay of serum, preprocessed to remove IGF-binding proteins, was used to quantitate IGF-I levels. In vitro proliferative response of MGH-OGS cells to IGF-I and other pituitary-dependent factors was determined by thymidine-incorporation experiments. In vivo growth of the neoplasm in 12 hypophysectomized C3H mice and in 14 control C3H mice was determined by serial measurements of implanted tumors and by gross and microscopic examination of the lungs for metastases.MGH-OGS exhibited specific binding sites for 1.39 pmol IGF-I per milligram MGH-OGS cellular membrane protein, a concentration similar to that which we previously reported for human osteosarcoma. In tissue culture, MGH-OGS exhibited mitogenic response to IGF-I (P less than .01) but not to other pituitary-dependent factors. Hypophysectomy reduced levels of circulating IGF-I to 15% of control, significantly inhibited local growth of MGH-OGS tumors (increased time for growth to 1 cm3 from 49 to 84 days, P less than .001), and profoundly inhibited metastatic behavior (decrease in mean number of metastases per host from 16 to less than one; P less than .001).This study is the first to document the profound inhibitory effect of hypophysectomy on the metastatic behavior of an experimental sarcoma. We conclude that the metastatic behavior exhibited by MGH-OGS osteosarcoma is dependent on pituitary factors, and we suggest that the inhibitory effects of hypophysectomy are related, at least in part, to the reduction of IGF-I levels.
Impact of acute hypercapnia and augmented positive end-expiratory pressure on right ventricle function in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Armand Mekontso Dessap, Cyril Charron, Jérôme Devaquet, Jérôme Aboab, François Jardin, Laurent Brochard, Antoine Vieillard-Baron
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
B.C.G. Vaccination by International Exchange
Authors: C. Lillingston
Journal: BMJ (1947)

adrenalitie reaction as the first.Thus it has been established that, although the adrenaline content of the blood in the first cat was stil abnormally high, after an initial rise of pressure it did not further affect the blood pressure level.But after severing the nerves from the blood vessels of the ear, the adrenaline effect lasted for hours.It is quite clear that the vasoconstrictors and vasodilators counteract any factor which tends to produce abnormal pressure.The level of pressure is conditioned by the requirements of the body and not by abnormal substances in the blood such as adrenaline or renin, which tend to raise the pressure.This is the reason why it is so very difficult either to raise or to lower arterial pressure for any length of time.-Iam, etc., Liverpool.I.
Thymic selection and thymic major histocompatibility complex class II expression are abnormal in mice undergoing graft-versus-host reactions.
Authors: J Desbarats, W S Lapp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The graft-vs.-host reaction (GVHR) results in damage to the epithelial and lymphoid compartments of the thymus and thus in abnormal maturation and function of thymocytes in mice undergoing GVHR. In this report, the effects of GVHR on thymic T cell receptor (TCR) expression and usage have been investigated. GVHR was induced in unirradiated F1 hybrid mice by the intravenous transfer of parental lymphoid cells. Expression of the CD3/TCR complex on thymocyte subsets defined by CD4 and CD8 was studied by three-color flow cytometry. The level of CD3/TCR was decreased on CD4+CD8-, but not CD4-CD8+, mature thymocytes. The lack of upregulation of CD3/TCR on CD4 single-positive thymocytes, but not on their CD8+ counterparts, suggested an abnormality of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression in the thymuses of mice undergoing GVHR. Immunofluorescence staining of thymic frozen sections revealed that MHC class II expression was dramatically decreased in GVH-reactive mice. GVHR-induced changes in positive and negative selection were evaluated by determining the incidence of specific V beta TCR segment usage in the thymus. In normal mice, thymocyte usage of any given V beta segment was highly consistent between individuals of the same strain and age; however, a marked divergence in the incidence of TCR V beta 6hi and V beta 8hi cells between GVH-reactive littermate mice was observed, suggesting that thymic positive selection had become disregulated in these animals. Furthermore, negative selection was defective; the incidence of phenotypically self-reactive V beta 6hi T cells was significantly greater in the thymuses of GVH-reactive mice bearing the endogenous superantigen Mls-1a than in untreated controls. Thus, mice undergoing GVHR showed defective TCR upregulation on CD4+CD8- thymocytes and changes in TCR usage reflecting aberrant thymic selection, in conjunction with decreased expression of MHC class II. Most abnormalities of TCR expression and usage on CD4+ thymocytes observed in GVH-reactive mice were analogous to those of class II knockout mice.
Vitamin D Conversion by Sarcoid Lymph Node Homogenate
Authors: REBECCA S. MASON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Recent studies suggest that hypercalcemia of sarcoidosis is due to high blood concentrations of calcitriol and that this compound may be synthesized at an extra-renal site. We report that sarcoid lymph node homogenate metabolized calcifediol to a substance indistinguishable from calcitriol, whereas six nonsarcoid lymph nodes failed to produce this compound.
Evidence that dopaminergic innervation is not involved in the vasodilatation of cat superior mesenteric arterial bed: the role of beta-adrenoceptors and circulating catecholamines.
Authors: G Lonart, L Gyorgy, M Doda, E S Vizi
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

In the presence of phentolamine, stimulation of the cat splanchnic nerve decreased the resistance of the superior mesenteric arterial bed. This effect was not significantly influenced by sulpiride. Sulpiride, in the presence of phentolamine, did not inhibit the decrease in resistance in animals pretreated with guanethidine but propranolol or ablation of the adrenal glands prevented the effect of stimulation. These results are not compatible with the assumption that dopamine released from dopaminergic nerves is involved in the vasodilatation but do provide evidence for the role of beta-adrenoceptors and circulating catecholamines in the vasodilatation of mesenteric vessels.
A NOTE ON THE INCIDENCE OF BR. ABORTUS INFECTIONS
Authors: A. I. Messer
Journal: BMJ (1932)

rMWICAL JOUIRNAL gave agglutination.The rash was of short duration; it had disappeared the next morning.During this time the stools were unhealthy-looking, offensive, pultaceous, and the colour of dark pea-soup.In a few days they became normal.The temDerature w-as not charted until November 30th.
Multiseptate Gallbladder Demonstrated on Tc-99m Hepatobiliary Imaging
Authors: PANUKORN VASINRAPEE, KENNETH LINDEN, ROBERT E. COOK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Multiseptate gallbladder is an extremely rare congenital anomaly that results from incomplete cavitation of the developing gallbladder bud. This unusual condition, which is demonstrated by hepatobiliary study and confirmed by ultrasound, is reported. Awareness of this entity will avoid misinterpretation of the image.