tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hearts from diabetic rats are more resistant to in vitro ischemia: possible role of altered Ca2+ metabolism.
Authors: M Tani, J R Neely
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The effects of whole heart ischemia were studied in isolated perfused rat hearts from control and diabetic animals. When whole heart ischemia was maintained for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C, diabetic hearts recovered 100% whereas hearts from normal animals recovered 30% of their preischemic function. Reperfusion Ca2+ uptake was about 2.5 microM/g dry wt in diabetic hearts compared with 10 microM/g dry wt in control hearts. When the ischemic period was extended to 40, 50, and 60 minutes, diabetic hearts had depressed recovery of ventricular function, and greater Ca2+ overload but reperfusion function was still significantly higher and Ca2+ overload significantly less than in control hearts. Depressed function and increased Ca2+ uptake were both linearly related to low tissue levels of residual high energy phosphates and inversely related to the amount of lactate that accumulated in the tissue during ischemia. However, regression lines relating these metabolic changes to depressed function and increased Ca2+ uptake showed that for any level of residual high energy phosphate or ischemic lactate, diabetic hearts performed much better and had less Ca2+ uptake than control hearts. These effects of diabetes were due to the diabetogenic action of the drugs used since both streptozotocin and alloxan had the same effect and in vivo insulin treatment reversed the effect. Diabetic hearts had a reduced maximum inotropic effect to increased extracellular Ca2+ under control aerobic perfusion conditions. The improved recovery of ventricular function during reperfusion of ischemic hearts from diabetic animals was highly correlated with reduced Ca2+ uptake, and regression lines relating depressed ventricular function to Ca2+ overload showed that data from control and diabetic hearts fell on the same line; that is, when depressed function occurred it was related to increased Ca2+ uptake to the same extent in both control and diabetic hearts. The resistance to ischemia in diabetic hearts was not related to higher tissue levels of high energy phosphates during reperfusion nor to lactate accumulation during ischemia. The observations suggest a role of increased reperfusion Ca2+ influx in ischemic damage and that alterations of sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport systems in diabetic myocardium may account for the greater resistance of these hearts to ischemia.
Subfascial Fat Herniation as a Cause of Low Back Pain: Differential Diagnosis and Incidence in 302 Cases of Backache
Authors: R. Herz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1952)

Subfascial fat herniation is a clinical entity in which fat herniates from a deep stratum to a more superficial one.It usually occurs in the lumbo-sacral or sacro-iliac region as a result of trauma, and is due to a weakened area of the deep layer of the superficial fascia.The chief characteristic is a single or multiple painful nodules which the patient is frequently able to localize.The pain is severe and the patient is actually unable to move when first seized by it.The symptoms and signs can be analogous to those that appear in a strangulated inguinal hernia." Fibrositis " is the term frequently applied to this condition since the nodules were originally thought to be caused by excessive fibrous tissue.This is a report of 302 consecutive cases of previously undiagnosed low back pain.Copeman and Ackerman (1944) first showed that these nodules were herniations of fat through the superficial fascia, and in other cases I have studied (Herz, 1946) their work was amply confirmed.When these nodules are located, either by the patient or by the examiner, an injection of 5 ml. 1 per cent.procaine underneath the nodules will produce startling and dramatic results, the patient being relieved of the pain within a few minutes; usually this relief is only temporary, but the injection serves as a diagnostic aid, and may be used repeatedly as a treatment.Surgery is resorted to in those cases where the relief obtained from injection is too short or where repeated injections are impracticable.Surgical removal of palpable nodules should never be attempted until after a thorough therapeutic test with injections of aqueous solutions of anaesthetic agents.If such injections do not relieve the pain there is little likelihood that an operation for subfascial fat hernia will give relief.In the differential diagnosis a detailed history is very important, since a history of injury-such as a fall-is FIG.1.-Distribution of present in nearly all these cases.Often the onset of fascial fat (Copeman and Ackerman, 1944).severe pain, as differentiated from an ache, is attributed 30
THE CARDIOHEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF VENOUS CONGESTION OF THE LEGS OR OF PHLEBOTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 1
Authors: Walter E. Judson, William Hollander, J. D. Hatcher, Meyer H. Halperin, Irwin H. Friedman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

The purpose of this study was to clarify the cardiohemodynamic responses to acute reduction in the effective circulating blood volume in man. McMichael and Sharpey-Schafer found that the cardiac output in normal subjects fell during venous congestion of the extremities (1). They attributed this reduction in cardiac output to a decrease in the right atrial pressure. Their observation that right atrial pressure usually falls during such acute reductions in the effective circulating blood volume was confirmed by Warren, Brannon, Stead, and Merrill (2), but these latter workers did not usually find an associated decrease in cardiac output. They therefore suggested that the cardiac output response is independent of changes in right atrial pressure, at least within physiological limits. However, observations by Howarth, McMichael, and SharpeySchafer (3) on the effects of phlebotomy and of venous congestion of the extremities in patients with congestive heart failure supported the concept that the level of right atrial pressure is an important factor in determining cardiac output. The studies reported herewith differ in certain aspects from all those just mentioned.
Can Growth Hormone Prevent Aging?
Authors: Mary Lee Vance
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Does growth hormone prevent aging? An article by Rudman et al. that appeared in the Journal in 19901 reported the effect on body composition of administering human growth hormone for six months to 12 older men. This article incited a proliferation of “antiaging” clinics and lay publications, such as “Grow Young with HGH,” extolling the benefits of growth hormone in reversing or preventing aging. There are several Web sites that attempt to sell various oral and inhaled formulations of growth hormone; none of these formulations have been shown to be efficacious. In fact, since growth hormone is a peptide subject . . .
Glucuronidation of Oxazepam Is Not Spared in Patients With Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Jesper Sonne, Per Buch Andreasen, Steffen Loft, Martin Døsing, Frederik Andreasen
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

The disposition of oral oxazepam was investigated in seven patients with decompensated cirrhosis and encephalopathy and in nine healthy individuals to further examine the hypothesis of preservation of glucuronidation in liver disease. The patients showed a severe reduction in the quantitative liver function as assessed by estimation of the clearance of antipyrine; the median value was 9 ml. min -1 and the range was 6 to 12 ml. min -1 . Apparent clearance of oxazepam in cirrhotic patients was 0.55 ml. min -1 . kg -1 , with a range of 0.46 to 1.24 ml. min -1 . kg -1 , compared with 1.19 ml. min -1 . kg -1 and a range of 0.80 to 1.66 ml. min -1 . kg -1 in the controls (p &lt; 0.05). The unbound clearance of oxazepam in patients was 4.1 ml. min -1 . kg -1 , with a range of 3.4 to 5.5 ml. min -1 . kg -1 , compared with 25.4 ml. min -1 . kg -1 , and a range of 16.7 to 43.7 ml. min -1 , kg -1 , p &lt; 0.001, in the controls. In patients with liver disease, the unbound clearance of oxazepam correlated significantly with antiyprine clearance (r = 0.88; p &lt; 0.05). The results suggest a reduced capacity for glucuronidation in patients with decompensated liver disease and severe hepatic failure that corresponds to the general reduction in the quantitative liver function.(HEPATOLOGY 1990;11:951–956.).
Nepalese government is to start providing free maternity care
Authors: K. Dahal
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Women in Nepal are to receive free maternity care from 14 January in an attempt to reduce infant and maternal mortality, the government has announced.

Girirajmani Pokharel, the minister for health, said at a press conference to announce the new service, “The government has made a decision on this . . . to encourage women to have their babies delivered in health centres.”

The National Health and Demographic Survey showed that in 2006 less than half of pregnant women in Nepal received antenatal care and only a …
Indorsement in Lieu of Reciprocity Between State Licensing Boards.
Authors: E. L. B. Godfrey.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Camden, N. J., July 5, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I take pleasure in forwarding you resolutions on the New Jersey method of interstate exchange of medical licenses, which I introduced at the last meeting of the National Confederation of State Examining and Licensing Medical Boards, Atlantic City, June 6, 1904. After discussion the resotions were ordered to lie on the table, to be printed by the secretary, distributed among the members and presented for consideration at the next meeting. I would be obliged if you would print them inThe Journal. <h3>THE PROPOSED RESOLUTIONS ON INTERSTATE INDORSEMENT VS. INTERSTATE RECIPROCITY.</h3> Whereas, National legislation can not affect the question of state jurisdiction in medical practice without the surrender of definite state sovereignty, and Whereas, State medical examination is the basis for state medical license, or the indorsement of a license issued after an approved examination
Study of the excretion in bile and concentration in the gall bladder wall of rifamide.
Authors: G Acocella, F Lamarina, L T Tenconi, F B Nicolis
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL COMMENT Studies have been made of the biliary excretion of the antibiotic rifamide in patients with T-tube drainage of the bile ducts.Using a therapeutic dose, the concentration achieved is 100,000 times the minimal inhibitory concentration for Gram-positive and about 100 times that for Gram-negative micro-organisms.Concentrations in the gall bladder were less but were of thera- peutic value, particularly with Gram-positive organisms.
Subjective and objective assessment of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.
Authors: H Miljeteig, S Mateika, J S Haight, P Cole, V Hoffstein
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

This study was designed to assess the subjective and objective effects of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for treatment of snoring. We mailed a questionnaire dealing with snoring, quality of sleep, and interference with bed-partner's sleep to 100 unselected patients who were referred because of snoring. Replies were received from 69 patients. The answers were analyzed, and the subjective impressions were compared with preoperative and postoperative objective measurements of snoring and apnea. The average (+/- SD) length of follow-up was 45 +/- 20 mo. We found no significant differences in the apnea/hypopnea index, snoring index, and mean and maximal nocturnal sound intensity before and after surgery in this group. However, despite this lack of objective improvement. 78% of patients reported reduction in snoring, and 79% reported improvement in the quality of sleep; 18 of 69 bed partners no longer complained of interference with their sleep compared with only one preoperatively. We conclude that if the purpose of UPPP is to reduce the reported health hazards associated with snoring, then comparison between objective preoperative and postoperative measurements of snoring does not indicate success; if, on the other hand, the purpose of surgery is to alleviate the social hazard, then UPPP partially achieves this goal.
Accuracy of Nurses in Performing Capillary Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Patricia A Lawrence, Mary C Dowe, Elizabeth K Perry, Susan Strong, Gregory P Samsa
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

The accuracy and outcome of capillary blood glucose (CBG) monitoring as routinely performed by nursing staff were assessed. The sample consisted of 160 readings conducted by 93 nursing staff members in four hospitals; 19% of the readings deviated from simultaneous laboratory results by &amp;gt;20%, and deviations resulted in altered responses to standing orders in 26 patients (17%). There was no statistically significant difference between the total variation attributed within and between nurses, possibly indicating that all nurses should be given the same intensity of follow-up training rather than targeting those who perform incorrectly on 298 DIABETES CARE, VOL. 12, NO. 4, APRIL 1989 SHORT REPORTS sample tests. Nurses in the one hospital that required certification before CBG monitoring had significantly less deviation from the laboratory standard than the other three hospitals. Although these data do not provide direct evidence that the certification program increased accuracy, this seems a logical conclusion. More study is needed to determine the most costeffective type of training and follow-up.
New anticancer drug class
Authors: Mark L. Fuerst
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Two semisynthetic derivatives of the plant genus<i>Podophyllum</i>have received high marks in clinical trials on patients with small-cell lung cancer. One of the two chemically similar compounds, etoposide (VP16), has recently been recommended for approval as an anti-cancer agent by the Food and Drug Administration's oncology advisory committee. The other, teniposide (VM26), has shown promise in limited trials. Podophyllum extracts have a long history of medical use. Hundreds of years ago, Native Americans made cathartics from aqueous extracts of the roots of one particular<i>Podophyllum</i>species, the American mayapple. American colonists subsequently used another extract, podophyllin, as an emetic, and it was included in the first<i>United States Pharmacopoeia</i>in 1820. Currently, podophyllin is used as a topical caustic agent in treating condyloma acuminatum. Over the last 10 years, VP16 and VM26 have undergone extensive clinical evaluation in the treatment of cancer patients. Three years ago, they were approved
Untangling the Web — Patients, Doctors, and the Internet
Authors: Pamela Hartzband, Jerome Groopman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Medicine has built on a long history of innovation, from the stethoscope and roentgenogram to magnetic resonance imaging and robotics. Doctors have embraced each new technology to advance patient care. But nothing has changed clinical practice more fundamentally than one recent innovation: the Internet. Its profound effects derive from the fact that while previous technologies have been fully under doctors' control, the Internet is equally in the hands of patients. Such access is redefining the roles of physician and patient.Information traditionally flowed from doctor to patient; the physician described the genesis and course of a disease and the options . . .
Restenosis following minimalty traumatic rotational atheractomy: the acute and long-term rasults of the rotablator and restenosis (R&amp;R) study
Authors: G.A. Braden, W.M. Love, M. Reisman, M.A. Kutcher, R.J. Applegate, D.M. Herrington, T.M. Young
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Ambient particulate matter directs nonclassic dendritic cell activation and a mixed TH1/TH2-like cytokine response by naive CD4+ T cells
Authors: Marc A. Williams, Michael Porter, Maureen Horton, Jia Guo, Jessica Roman, D'Ann Williams, Patrick Breysse, Steve N. Georas
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
The Notion of Somatization: An Artefact of the Conceptualization of Body and Mind
Authors: C.M. van der Feltz-Cornelis, R. van Dyck
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1997)

Background: 'Somatization' is a contemporary notion which derives from the conceptualization of body and mind and the resultant concept of disease. The common element in this thinking is that the presumed separation of the concepts body and mind can be spanned by clinical symptoms. Methods: This paper examines the history of these concepts and the assumptions underlying them. Results: It is shown that the debate on the pathological regions of the body-mind relation is of early origin. It is reflected in the evolution of concepts of disease and disease entities. The ongoing attempts to form a conceptual synthesis have resulted in a multiplicity of disease entities and in the notion of somatization. However, somatization is shown here to differ conceptually from controversial contemporary disease entities with which it often seems intertwined, such as myalgic encephalomyelitis and the hypersen-sitivity syndrome. Conclusion: This insight may help diminish the ambiguity in this area of research and practice.
A Library for Internists VII
Authors: K. Loper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 October 1991A Library for Internists VIIK. LoperK. LoperSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-8-660_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA psychiatric textbook was incorrectly described on page 823 of the 1 May 1991 issue as having looseleaf format (1). The correct information is as follows:The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychiatry. Edited by J.A. Talbott, R.E. Hales, and S.C. Yudofsky. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, 1988. 1352 pages. $105.00. A comprehensive reference. The 38 chapters from 55 contributors cover theoretical foundations, assessment, psychiatric disorders, psychiatric treatments, and special topics. The emphasis is on the clinical relevance of psychiatry. Casebound book with study guide available separately....Reference1. Ludmerer K. A library for internists. Recommendations from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:811-32. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 20005 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1991Volume 115, Issue 8Page: 660-660KeywordsLibraries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 October 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Trial of Shortened Zidovudine Regimens to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
Authors: Marc Lallemant, Gonzague Jourdain, Sophie Le Coeur, Soyeon Kim, Suporn Koetsawang, Anne Marie Comeau, Wiput Phoolcharoen, Max Essex, Kenneth McIntosh, Vicharn Vithayasai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The optimal duration of zidovudine administration to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) should be determined to facilitate its use in areas where resources are limited.
EXERCISE IN DIABETES INSIPIDUS
Authors: E. B. Verney
Journal: BMJ (1931)

<b>Background:</b> The use of electronic monitoring devices (EMDs) in asthma has the potential to transform recognition and management of inhaler non-adherence. To translate readily into clinical practice, EMDs need to be reliable and easy to use. Supportive laboratory-based validation data exists for a major brand of EMDs, but investigator-led pre-trial checks are still required. <b>Aims and Objectives:</b> To assess reliability of an EMD brand in a real-world study using published validation methodology. <b>Methods:</b> Each device was registered with a test ID on an online platform and synchronisation with two versions of the mobile phone application (app) was checked. For each app version, time was recorded to the nearest second for the following procedures: -Inhaler insertion -Two actuations approximately 20 seconds apart, followed by a gap of around 15 minutes -Two more actuations approximately 20 seconds apart -Inhaler removal Battery function was assessed manually and also via the online platform record. Connection via universal serial bus to a local platform was also assessed. <b>Results:</b> 34 devices were tested. Of these, 24 passed and 10 failed (four with minor and six with major problems). The results were relayed to the manufacturer who promptly conducted a firmware update and replaced one device. All devices were retested to the same protocol. This time, 27 passed and seven failed (one with minor and six with major problems). <b>Conclusion:</b> Whilst bench validation studies are encouraging, our experience highlights the importance of pre-use testing for EMDs. This has resource implications in the clinical setting, where data collected may be used to inform treatment decisions.
THE CLINICAL RESULTS WITH FLUMERIN IN SYPHILIS
Authors: JOSEPH EARLE MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1923)

There is no field of medicine so difficult, and yet so widely exploited, as the chemotherapy of syphilis. The last few years have witnessed the introduction of a host of new drugs, arsenical, mercurial and bismuth preparations, designed to supplant existing methods of treatment. Unfortunately, these preparations have been only too often prematurely introduced on the basis of insufficient experimental evidence by overenthusiastic investigators, or worse, of unwarranted therapeutic claims made by unscrupulous manufacturers. As Stokes<sup>1</sup>has recently pointed out, the average practitioner is not sufficiently familiar with the mechanism of drug action in syphilis to enable him to judge the value of new preparations, so that before a drug is made available for general distribution, all possible information regarding its use should be placed before the profession. For this reason the present paper will provide in detail the clinical results of the use of flumerin, the disodium salt
Electrical Conduction Disturbance Effects on Dynamic Changes of Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Shota Fukuda, Richard Grimm, Jong-Min Song, Takashi Kihara, Masao Daimon, Deborah A. Agler, Bruce L. Wilkoff, Andrea Natale, James D. Thomas, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Prognostic indicators of 3-year mortality after an acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kenneth Caidahl, Magnus Edner, Jens Berning, Steen Carstensen, Vernon V.S. Bonarjee, Kaj Lindvall, Torbjøm Omland, Anita Samuelsson, Susan E. Wilson, Dennis W.T. Nilsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)