tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Umbilical Cord Cleaning
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NICE gives guidance on use of new antiepileptic drugs in children
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Newer antiepileptic drugs should be considered for treating epilepsy in children who have not benefited from older drugs, or where use of the older drugs is unsuitable, says guidance issued this week to the NHS in England and Wales.

The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommends that the newer antiepileptic drugs—gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, tiagabine, topiramate, and vigabatrin (as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures)—be used, within their licensed indications, for managing epilepsy in children who have not benefited from treatment with the older antiepileptic drugs, such as carbamazepine and sodium valproate.

The …
Advances in Regulatory Science at the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, Steven N. Goodman, Alasdair Breckenridge
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Involvement of vasopressin in cardiovascular regulation
Authors: T BENNETT, S M GARDINER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Journal Article Involvement of vasopressin in cardiovascular regulation Get access T BENNETT, T BENNETT From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S M GARDINER S M GARDINER From the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 19, Issue 2, February 1985, Pages 57–68, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/19.2.57 Published: 01 February 1985
Poetry and Medicine
Authors: Glenda Cassutt
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Urinary F.D.P. excretion in glomerulonephritis.
Authors: E N Wardle
Journal: BMJ (1974)

viscera" on a more specific basis, while it was Bourgeois et al.4 who identified the specific toxin and produced a plausible experimental model.On the other hand the mere com- bination of fatty changes in viscera with enoephalopathy was described much earlier (in 1929 to be precise) by Brain, Hunter, and Turnbull5 and therefore should be called Brain's syndrome, or Turnbull's syndrome as the late Lord Brain himself suggested.6Thus the confusion that Dr. Kang wishes to avoid can be averted by the use of two terms: (a) Brain-Turnbull syndrome to describe fatty degeneration of viscera with encephalopathy of undetermined cause and (b) Reye-Bourgeois syndrome to describe fatty degeneration of viscera and toxic en- cephalopathy due to a specific toxin.-Iam, etc.,
Endoscopic deployment of the wireless capsule using a capsule delivery device in pediatric patients: a case series
Authors: V. Uko, O. Atay, L. Mahajan, M. Kay, V. Hupertz, R. Wyllie
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

The aim of this study was to review the use of the AdvanCE capsule endoscopy delivery device (US Endoscopy, Mentor, Ohio, USA) in pediatric patients who are too young to safely follow the wireless capsule swallowing instructions. Nine patients (mean age 6.6 years; SD ± 1.8 years) underwent capsule deployment. Indications for the procedure were the evaluation of suspected inflammatory bowel disease in eight patients and evaluation of protein-losing enteropathy in one patient. The capsule was successfully deployed in the first part of the duodenum in seven patients and in the pyloric canal in one patient. In another patient the capsule was deployed in the gastric antrum and required endoscopic retrieval due to abdominal pain and failure of the capsule to traverse the pylorus. The wireless capsule successfully passed in the remaining eight patients without any complications. The AdvanCE capsule endoscopy delivery device appears to be a safe and technically easy method of wireless capsule delivery in pediatric patients. Capsule deployment should be in the duodenum whenever possible. Further studies of the use of this device in pediatric patients are warranted.
Contextual computer-aided detection: Improving bright lesion detection in retinal images and coronary calcification identification in CT scans
Authors: Clara I. Sánchez, Meindert Niemeijer, Ivana Išgum, Alina Dumitrescu, Maria S.A. Suttorp-Schulten, Michael D. Abràmoff, Bram van Ginneken
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2011)
Effect of lower body positive pressure on blood pressure, plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentration, and sodium and water excretion in healthy volunteers and cardiac transplant recipients
Authors: M. R WILKINS, M. D GAMMAGE, H. M LEWIS, L B. TAN, P. L WEISSBERG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

The effect of one hour (40 mmHg) lower body positive pressure on blood pressure, plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentration, and urinary sodium and water excretion was studied in 10 healthy volunteers and seven cardiac transplant recipients. Both groups showed a sustained rise in blood pressure and plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentration. The healthy volunteers had a diuresis during the period of lower body positive pressure and a small natriuresis in the subsequent hour. In contrast, lower body positive pressure had no significant effect on urinary sodium and water excretion in the cardiac transplant group. The data suggest that cardiac innervation is not important as a mediator of the haemodynamic response to lower body positive pressure but is necessary for the renal response. Furthermore, small physiological rises in plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentrations do not cause a brisk natriuresis as has been reported with pharmacological plasma concentrations.
Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in transgenic mice leads to insulin resistance.
Authors: L F Hebert, M C Daniels, J Zhou, E D Crook, R L Turner, S T Simmons, J L Neidigh, J S Zhu, A D Baron, D A McClain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway has been hypothesized to be involved in mediating some of the toxic effects of hyperglycemia. Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA), the first and rate limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, was overexpressed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of transgenic mice. A 2.4-fold increase of GFA activity in muscle of the transgenic mice led to weight-dependent hyperinsulinemia in random-fed mice. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique confirmed that transgenic mice develop insulin resistance, with a glucose disposal rate of 68.5 +/- 3.5 compared with 129.4 +/- 9.4 mg/kg per min (P < 0.001) for littermate controls. The decrease in the glucose disposal rate of the transgenic mice is accompanied by decreased protein but not mRNA levels of the insulin-stimulated glucose transporter (GLUT4). These data support the hypothesis that excessive flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway mediates adverse regulatory and metabolic effects of hyperglycemia, specifically insulin resistance of glucose disposal. These mice can serve as a model system to study the mechanism for the regulation of glucose homeostasis by hexosamines.
The Contour of the Juxtapapillary Nerve Fiber Layer in Glaucoma
Authors: Joseph Caprioli
Journal: Ophthalmology (1990)

Reliable structural markers for early glaucomatous optic nerve damage would facilitate the diagnosis of glaucoma at an early stage, possibly before visual field loss occurs. Computerized image analyses were used to develop and analyze new structural parameters for glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Multiple measurements of relative juxtapapillary nerve fiber layer height were made in glaucoma patients (n = 112), patients suspected of having glaucoma (n = 87), and in age-matched normal control subjects (n = 53). The average relative nerve fiber layer (NFL) height differed in glaucoma patients and normal subjects by 70 microns, but differences exceeded 100 microns at the superior and inferior poles of the disc. Mean values for "glaucoma suspects" were intermediate between those for the normal subjects and glaucoma groups. The ability of summary statistics of relative NFL height measurements to discriminate between normal and glaucomatous eyes was superior to that of the standard disc parameters cup-disc ratio, disc rim area, and cup volume. Measurements of relative NFL height correlated with indices of visual field loss; the strongest correlations occurred for measurements at the superior and inferior poles. Measurements of juxtapapillary NFL height may prove useful to detect glaucomatous optic nerve damage at an early stage and to accurately recognize progressive nerve damage over time.
Guideline Approach to Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Itamar Raz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

oth the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are increasing worldwide in conjunction with increased Westernization of the population's lifestyle.Type 2 diabetes is still a leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), amputation, renal failure, and blindness.The risk for microvascular complications is related to overall glycemic burden over time as measured by A1C (1,2).The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) 10-year follow-up demonstrated a possible effect on CVD as well (3).A meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome in patients with long disease duration including Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD), Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE), and Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) suggested that in these populations the reduction of ~1% in A1C is associated with a 15% relative reduction in nonfatal myocardial infarction (4).Most antihyperglycemic drugs besides insulin reduce A1C values to similar levels (5) but differ in their safety elements and pathophysiological effect.Thus, there is a need for recommending a drug therapy preference.While the positive effects on prevention of microvascular complications were demonstrated with the various antihyperglycemic drugs (1,2,6,7), several questions are left open regarding this therapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes:
Abstract 1521: Expression of the tight junctions protein IGSF5 in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence
Authors: Alexandra Briggs, Hira Rizvi, Adelaide M. Carothers, Jiping Wang, Nancy L. Cho, Monica M. Bertagnolli
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Patients with advanced adenomas are at high risk for the development of colorectal cancer, but predictors of disease progression remain elusive. Genome wide association study (GWAS) data from the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib (APC) Trial identified six germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that predicted advanced adenoma recurrence. These SNPs are located in tight linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 21 in or around the coding sequence for Immunoglobulin Superfamily Member 5 (IGSF5). This transmembrane protein localizes to tight junctions and modulates cell adhesion with its binding partner MAGI-1. We examined the expression of IGSF5 in normal colon tissue, adenomas and adenocarcinomas. By immunohistochemistry, IGSF5 was expressed in both crypt cells and stromal cells of normal human colon. With progression to adenoma and adenocarcinoma, IGSF5 expression became more membranous and diffuse in comparison to normal colon. Immunofluorescence histochemistry (IF) showed co-localization of IGSF5 with BMI-1 in normal colon crypt cells, indicating that intestinal stem cells express IGSF5. Pericryptal stromal cells expressing IGSF5 included both mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells, but not myofibroblasts, as indicated by IF colocalization with CD73 and CD34 but not αSMA, respectively. These results suggest that IGSF5 expression is altered in the progression from colorectal adenoma to carcinoma, and may exert its effects through stem cell modulation of intestinal homeostasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1521. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1521
African Malaria Control Programs Deliver ITNs and Achieve What the Clinical Trials Predicted
Authors: Thomas P. Eisele, Richard W. Steketee
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Thomas Eisele and Richard Steketee discuss new research in PLoS Medicine by Stephen Lim and colleagues that examined the association of insecticide-treated nets with the reduction of P. falciparum prevalence in children under 5 and all-cause post-neonatal mortality.
In vivo neutralization of eosinophil-derived major basic protein inhibits antigen-induced bronchial hyperreactivity in sensitized guinea pigs.
Authors: J Lefort, M A Nahori, C Ruffie, B B Vargaftig, M Pretolani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

This study examines the effect of purified rabbit antiguinea pig eosinophil-derived major basic protein (MBP) Ig on antigen-induced bronchial hyperreactivity to inhaled acetylcholine in aerosol-sensitized guinea pigs. Ovalbumin inhalation by sensitized guinea pigs induced a rise in the numbers of eosinophils and in the levels of MBP in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, which peaked at 24 h and resolved at 72 h. Antigen-challenged animals exhibited bronchial hyperreactivity to inhale acetylcholine at 72 h, but not at 6 or 24 h. The intranasal administration of 200 microliter of purified rabbit anti-guinea pig MBP Ig, at 2.5 mg/ml, but not of the control preimmune rabbit Ig, 1 h before and 5 h after ovalbumin inhalation suppressed bronchial hyperreactivity to acetylcholine at 72 h without affecting the number of eosinophils accumulating in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These findings indicate that antigen challenge in sensitized guinea pigs is followed by early eosinophil infiltration and activation within the airways and by late bronchial hyperreactivity. Neutralization of endogenously secreted MBP by a specific antiserum prevented antigen-induced bronchial hyperreactivity, suggesting that eosinophil degranulation plays an important role in the alterations of bronchopulmonary function in the guinea pig.
See One, Do One, Teach One?
Authors: G. Luke Larkin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I found Dr Stitham's article "Educational Malpractice" to be disturbingly accurate.<sup>1</sup>Unfortunately, the rest of the August 21, 1991, issue on medical education failed to address the legitimate concerns raised by this article. Admittedly, medical education today is fraught with problems which, like world hunger, are much harder to solve than to ignore. If we continue to ignore them, however, today's selftaught graduates will be ill-prepared to deal with tomorrow's challenges. First, I would like to pose several questions surrounding the widespread lack of quality, supervised, postgraduate education. Second, I would like to suggest several possible ways that we, as a profession, could renovate certain areas of medical education before the bureaucracy outside of medicine attempts to do so for us. Residents and medical students feel that they pay a significant price to be taught, but are they getting their money's worth? Is supervised, quality education
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease in hypercholesterolemic men: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial.
Authors: D J Gordon, J Knoke, J L Probstfield, R Superko, H A Tyroler
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) at entry and subsequent changes from these baseline levels were inversely predictive of coronary heart disease (CHD) end points in hypercholesterolemic men followed for 7 to 10 years in the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial, especially in the 1907 participants receiving cholestyramine. When the men in this cohort were compared, each 1 mg/dl increment in baseline HDL-C (mean 44.3 mg/dl) was associated with a 5.5% decrement in risk of "definite" CHD death or myocardial infarction (Z = -5.4), and each 1 mg/dl increase from baseline HDL-C levels (mean increase = 1.6 mg/dl) during the trial was associated with a 4.4% risk reduction (Z = -2.2). In the 1899 participants receiving placebo, the corresponding risk decrements were 3.4% and 1.1%. Although baseline HDL-C level (mean = 44.4 mg/dl) remained a significant risk predictor (Z = -3.8) in the placebo cohort, increases in HDL-C (mean increase 0.5 mg/dl) were not significantly predictive of CHD (Z = -0.6) unless "suspect" as well as "definite" end points were analyzed (Z = -2.0). When the associations between HDL-C (baseline plus change) and incidence of definite CHD end points within each treatment cohort were compared, their difference approached nominal significance (Z = 1.9). The results suggest a synergistic interaction, in which cholestyramine treatment reduced CHD risk most substantially in men maintaining the highest HDL-C levels.
Erythrocyte as a Biopsy Tissue for Functional Evaluation of Thiamine Adequacy
Authors: Myron Brin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

OUR KNOWLEDGE of chemical reactions involved in the intermediary metabolic pathways of the erythrocyte has grown considerably over the last three decades. It has been learned that the erythrocyte is an actively metabolizing cell, of use not only to evaluate nutritional anemia but also to demonstrate specific biochemical and metabolic defects in sickle cell anemia, congenital spherocytosis, drug induced hemolytic anemia, congenital galactosemia, and other disorders.<sup>1</sup> Early studies showed that thiamine is an essential cofactor for the oxidation of alphaketo acids such as pyruvic and alphaketoglutaric acids.<sup>2</sup>The oxidation of pyruvic acid is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, and the oxidation of alphaketoglutaric acid is a step in the Kreb's Cycle—the final common oxidative pathway for carbohydrate, protein, and fat. More recently it was shown that thiamine was associated with the enzyme transketolase, which functions in the utilization of pentoses, or 5-carbon sugars.<sup>3</sup>Moreover, the erythrocyte is rich in the transketolase enzyme.<sup>4</sup>
Erlotinib-Induced Hair Alterations
Authors: Peter Arne Gerber, Bernhard Homey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 55-year-old woman with metastatic lung cancer was treated with erlotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Cutaneous toxic effects are specific to this class of agents and are associated with an improved clinical outcome. One week after the initial administration of erlotinib, a characteristic facial papulopustular eruption developed, sparing the orbital region. Three months later, typical hair alterations developed (Panels A and B). The brows and lashes darkened and displayed increased thickness (trichomegaly), curling, and elongation, accompanied by increased hair fragility (trichorrhexis). After the initial response to treatment, the patient had progression of the tumor, . . .
NEW POLISH PERIODICAL
Authors: Casimir Funk
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —I have received a letter emanating from the State Epidemiological Institute in Warsaw, Poland, in which I am informed of the creation of a new medical publication, the Journal of Experimental Medicine , which will provide a medium for original publications for the Polish scientists, which is now completely lacking. In order to provide a financial basis for the undertaking, one thousand subscribers are required, of which number only 240 are available at present. It is hoped that Polish physicians in the country and also libraries will subscribe to it. Those interested should forward their names and exact addresses to Dr. Casimir Funk, 437 West Fifty-Ninth Street, New York. Medical publications which have Polish physicians among their subscribers please copy.