tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thyroiditis and Alkaline Phosphatase
Authors: F. PEREZ-JIMENEZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 September 1979Thyroiditis and Alkaline PhosphataseF. PEREZ-JIMENEZ, M.D., J. A. JIMENEZ PEREPEREZ, M.D., J. RIVERA, M.D., R. MUÑOZ, M.D.F. PEREZ-JIMENEZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. A. JIMENEZ PEREPEREZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. RIVERA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. MUÑOZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-3-500_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1960 Vogt (1) called attention to the possible presence of elevated alkaline phosphatase levels in thyroiditis. Since the report of Dalovisio (2) last year, a number of letters confirming their finding have appeared.We wish to report one case of subacute thyroiditis with serum levels of alkaline phosphatase only minimally raised, but in which the thermoestable fraction was markedly elevated, indicating a hepatobiliary origin.A 35-year-old woman began to feel nervousness, tremor, occipital headache and pain in the anterior aspect of the neck around 3 March 1979. By 1 month later, she had developed fever (temperature...References1. VOGT J. Subacute thryoiditis with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level. Acta Endocrinol (Kbh). 1960; 34:256-60. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. DALOVISIOBLONDECORTEZPANKEY JLLG. Subacute thyroiditis with increased serum alkaline phosphatase. Ann Intern Med. 1978;88:505-7. LinkGoogle Scholar3. HAMILTON D. Thyroid disease and alkaline phosphatase. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:440, Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar4. POTASMANROSENFELD IT. Thyroid disease and alkaline phosphatase. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90;440-1. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ciudad Sanitaria "Reina Sofia" Facultad de Medicina Córdoba Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPersistent vocal cord paralysis in subacute thyroiditis. 1 September 1979Volume 91, Issue 3Page: 500-501KeywordsAnxietyFeversHeadachesPhosphatasesTemperatureThyroid Issue Published: 1 September 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
OP08 NAFLD related HCC is rising dramatically in the North of England
Authors: H. L. Reeves, J. Graham, T. Aslam, D. Chattopadyhay, D. Das, I. Patanwala, J. Rose, B. Jaques, D. Manas, M. Hudson
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A reported increase in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in western nations has been attributed to the rising prevalence of predisposing hepatitis C (HCV) related chronic liver disease. In parallel, however, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome has risen markedly, and both a raised BMI and type 2 diabetes, characteristic features of the syndrome, are independently associated with an increased risk of HCC development. <h3>Aim</h3> We have assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in our patients with HCC. <h3>Method</h3> 686 consecutive patients with HCC, diagnosed as per EASL guidelines, referred to our unit over a 10-year period (2000 and 2010), have been studied and demographic, laboratory, radiological variables, treatments and survival recorded. <h3>Results</h3> The numbers of patients referred from our catchment population of 3.5 million has increased more than 10-fold in 10 years, reaching 133 in 2010. While numbers with underlying hepatitis B, haemochromatosis, autoimmune or cryptogenic cirrhosis have remained constant, those with underlying HCV or ALD have increased fivefold up to 10 and 35 per year respectively. The most dramatic increase, however, has been in those patients with NAFLD, increasing from 1 or 2 to over 30 per year in 2009 and 2010. There has also been an increase in HCC arising in individuals without chronic liver disease, 40 and 65% of which had diabetes and the metabolic syndrome respectively. Patients with NAFLD related HCC were significantly older (median age of 72 yrs vs 65 and 61 for ALD and HCV respectively. While NAFLD HCC cases were less likely to be detected by surveillance, they were more likely to be detected incidentally. Survival was determined by stage at presentation for all etiologies, and was not adversely affected by advanced age in the NAFLD population. <h3>Conclusion</h3> NAFLD related HCC now equals that related to ALD in Northern England. The median age at presentation was higher for NAFLD HCC patients, but this did not adversely affect their survival. While relatively few NAFLD HCC cases were detected by surveillance, and the prognosis was particularly poor for those presenting with symptomatic disease (median 8.14 months), this was offset by an increase in incidental HCC detection, largely in diabetic follow-up clinics. The median survival of incidental patients (median 21.2 months) was similar to that of detected by surveillance (18.68 months). A raised awareness of the risk of HCC in older diabetic patients may reduce the numbers of those presenting with advanced symptomatic disease.
Cuts and medical education
Authors: W L Whitehouse
Journal: BMJ (1982)

One recurring criticism of the best interests standard concerns its vagueness, and thus the inadequate guidance it offers to care providers. The lack of an agreed definition of ‘best interests’, together with the fact that several suggested considerations adopted in legislation or professional guidelines for doctors do not obviously apply across different groups of persons, result in decisions being made in murky waters. In response, bioethicists have attempted to specify the best interests standard, to reduce the indeterminacy surrounding medical decisions. In this paper, we discuss the bioethicists’ response in relation to the state9s possible role in clarifying the best interests standard. We identify and characterise two clarificatory strategies employed by bioethicists —elaborative and enumerative—and argue that the state should adopt the latter. Beyond the practical difficulties of the former strategy, a state adoption of it would inevitably be prejudicial in a pluralistic society. Given the gravity of best interests decisions, and the delicate task of respecting citizens with different understandings of best interests, only the enumerative strategy is viable. We argue that this does not commit the state to silence in providing guidance to and supporting healthcare providers, nor does it facilitate the abuse of the vulnerable. Finally, we address two methodological worries about adopting this approach at the state level. The adoption of the enumerative strategy is not defeatist in attitude, nor does it eventually collapse into (a form of) the elaborative strategy.
Human neutrophil activating peptide/interleukin 8 acts as an autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P Peichl, M Ceska, H Broell, F Effenberger, I J Lindley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Human neutrophil activating peptide/interleukin 8 (NAP-1/IL-8) has been shown to activate neutrophils to degranulate in vitro and to be a potent chemotactic agonist for neutrophils and lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. It may therefore be a mediator of inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Levels of NAP-1/IL-8 were low or undetectable in serum samples from 53 patients with RA. Circulating levels of antibodies to NAP-1/IL-8 showed a strong correlation with the level of quantified C reactive protein and with the number of arthritic joints. These autoantibodies, in a similar manner to quantified C reactive protein, correlated with disease activity and are associated with a lack of clinical improvement when the patient is treated with systemic steroids. This observation indicates an important role for interleukin 8 and its autoantibodies in the inflammatory processes of RA, and may provide a clinically useful marker for the diagnosis of disease severity.
Acute Pulmonary Edema
Authors: IGNACIO RIPOLL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 November 1976Acute Pulmonary EdemaIGNACIO RIPOLL, M.D.IGNACIO RIPOLL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-683_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the editorial note by Grossman and Aberman, "Emergency Management of Acute Pulmonary Edema" (Ann Intern Med 84:488, 1976). I worry that the authors, by emphasizing that continuous positive airway pressure may further decrease the cardiac output of the patient in cardiogenic pulmonary edema, have left the impression that continuous positive airway pressure decreases the cardiac output. I wish to emphasize that, although this may be the case, it is probably the exception, not the general rule.Although initial studies suggested that the expected response from spontaneous breathing to mechanical ventilation is a decrease...References1. MCINTYRELAWSRAMACHANDRAN RAP: Positive expiratory pressure plateau: improved gas exchange during mechanical ventilation. Can Anaesth Soc J 16:477-486, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. KIRBYDOWNSCIVETTA RJJ: High level positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in acute respiratory insufficiency. Chest 67.156-163, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SUTERFAIRLEYISENBERG PHM: Optimum endexpiratory airway pressure in patients with acute pulmonary failure. N Engl J Med 292:284-289, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BEACHMILLENGRENVIK TEA: Hemodynamic response to discontinuance of mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 1:85-90, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. QVISTPONTOPPIDANWILSON JHR: Hemodynamic responses to mechanical ventilation with PEEP: the effect of hypervolemia. Anesthesiology 42:45-55, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1976Volume 85, Issue 5Page: 683-683KeywordsBreathingCardiac outputContinuous positive airway pressureEdemaVentilators Issue Published: 1 November 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A study of comparative blood pressure measures in predicting risk of coronary heart disease.
Authors: R H Rosenman, R I Sholtz, R J Brand
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The Western Collaborative Group Study is a prospective study of 3,154 employed men, aged 39-59 years. Coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 257 subjects during 8.5 years of follow-up. The multiple logistic risk model was used to assess the comparative strength of systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and pulse pressure for the prediction of CHD in two age decades after adjustment for age, serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking, behavior pattern and weight. The risk of CHD was more strongly associated with the systolic than the diastolic pressure. The general practice of assessing the importance of blood pressure based only on the diastolic component should be reassessed.
THE RADICAL CURE OF MALARIA; ITS IMPORTANCE AND HOW IT IS ATTAINED
Authors: SEALE HARRIS
Journal: JAMA (1910)

diluent is added to the milk, cream and sugar to make the required amount.If lime-water is to be used, 5 or 10 per cent., as desired, is added before adding the dil¬ uent.If barley water or other cereal water is used, as rec¬ ommended by many to assist in breaking up the curd, il.too, may lie added in the quantity destreil before add¬ ing the water.Since barley water contains of fat 0.05 per eenl.. carbohydrates 1.68 per cent, and proteins H.till per cent., (Holt), when it alone is used as the diluent, a reduction should lie made in the carbohydrate per cent, of the formula; e. g., if a 3-6-1 mixture is desired the ingredients of a 3-5-1 mixture should be used, the per¬ centage of the carbohydrates being subsequently raised sugar necessary to make up the mixtures were actually given in the table, the decimal point would be two spaces to the right of what it now is.As the table is, the amounts of milk, cream and milk sugar in a certain amount of any mixture are found by multiplying that amount by the figures opposite the mixture in the table, for example, suppose we desire 36 ounces of a 3-0-1 mixture.We lind Ihaf the three num¬ bers in the table opposite 3.00-6.00-1.00 are 0.148, 0.150 and 0.047.By multiplying 36 by 0.148 we have the amount of milk, multiplying by 0.15 we have the amount of cream and by 0.047 the amount of milk sugar in ounces.Or suppose we desire 850 gm. of a :>-li-l mix¬ ture.By multiplying 850 by 0.148 we have the amount
Hypermobility and sports injuries in junior netball players
Authors: R Smith, A K Damodaran, S Swaminathan, R Campbell, L Barnsley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

To evaluate the incidence of hypermobility in young female netball players and to determine the relation between hypermobility, previous injuries sustained in netball or other sports, and the use of protective equipment.Under 16 year old female netball players from a local suburban netball association were assessed for joint hypermobility using the validated Beighton score (0-9, with higher scores indicating increasing hypermobility). Player profiles and details of sporting injuries, both netball and non-netball, and the use of protective equipment were gathered by means of a self completed questionnaire. Parental and child consent was obtained.Two hundred netball players were recruited for the study. Twenty one percent of the subjects with a Beighton hypermobility score of 0-2 had sustained previous netball injuries compared with 37% with Beighton scores of 3-4, and 43% with scores of 5-9. These differences were significant (p<0.025). Injuries were most common in the ankle (42%), knee (27%), and fingers (15%). Thirty nine players (19%) wore protective equipment, and within this group 30 (77%) had sustained previous injuries. No association was detected between hypermobile joints and non-netball sporting injuries.In this study hypermobility was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of injuries in junior netball players. A targeted interventional approach may help to reduce injuries in this susceptible group.
Incorporation of the bone marker carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-1 collagen improves prognostic information of the International Staging System in newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma
Authors: C Jakob, J Sterz, P Liebisch, M Mieth, J Rademacher, A Goerke, U Heider, C Fleissner, M Kaiser, I von Metzler, C Müller, O Sezer
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Expression of <i>KLF5</i> is a Prognostic Factor for Disease-Free Survival and Overall Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Dan Tong, Klaus Czerwenka, Georg Heinze, Martin Ryffel, Eva Schuster, Armin Witt, Sepp Leodolter, Robert Zeillinger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Kruppel-like factor (KLF5) is a cell growth mediator in various epithelial cells. Higher KLF5 increases cell growth rate and leads to transformed phenotypes. Because tumor cell proliferation is tightly associated with tumor progression, and consequently, with survival of cancer patients, we wanted to examine the prognostic value of KLF5 gene expression for patients with breast cancer.The gene expression levels of KLF5, ER, PR, HER2, and MKI67 were quantified in the tumor tissues of 90 patients with breast cancer and correlated with disease-free survival and overall survival of the patients. The correlations of gene expression between KLF5 and ER, PR, HER2, and MKI67 were analyzed. In addition, KLF5 expression was also compared with clinical data and age of patients.Statistically significant correlations were found between gene expression of KLF5 and both disease-free survival (univariate analysis) and overall survival (univariate and multivariate analysis). Patients with higher KLF5 expression had shorter disease-free survival and overall survival time, whereas patients with lower KLF5 expression had better survival. Moreover, KLF5 was also found to be positively correlated with HER2 and MKI67, and negatively correlated with age of the patients at diagnosis.The gene expression of KLF5 is directly correlated with cell proliferation in vivo and is a prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer. Patients with higher KLF5 expression have shorter disease-free survival and overall survival than patients with lower KLF5 expression. In addition, KLF5 has higher expression in patients ages </=50 years old than in patients >50 years old.
Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Metabolism.
Authors: DeW. S. Goodman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Metabolism.DeW. S. Goodman, M.D.DeW. S. Goodman, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-717_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecent studies on cholesterol biosynthesis have defined almost the entire reaction sequence. Three molecules of acetate first combine to form the key 6-carbon intermediate, mevalonic acid. Decarboxylation of mevalonic acid provides a 5-carbon isoprenoid intermediate, 3 molecules of which join to form the 15-carbon farnesyl pyrophosphate. Two molecules of this then combine to form the 30-carbon hydrocarbon squalene. The reaction mechanism of squalene formation is most unusual and without any known biochemical counterpart. During this reaction 1 hydrogen atom attached to carbon 1 of 1 of the 2 molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate is exchanged for a hydrogen atom from TPNH.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 717-718KeywordsBiosynthesisCholesterolHydrocarbons Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Field and laboratory studies of the etiology of liver neoplasms in marine fish from Puget Sound.
Authors: D C Malins, B B McCain, M S Myers, D W Brown, M M Krahn, W T Roubal, M H Schiewe, J T Landahl, S L Chan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

A series of field studies was conducted between 1979 and 1985 in Puget Sound, Washington State, to investigate etiological relationships between prevalences of hepatic neoplasms in bottom-dwelling marine fish species, with emphasis on English sole (Parophrys vetulus), and concentrations of toxic chemicals in sediments and affected fish. Statistically significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) correlations have been found between the prevalences of hepatic neoplasms in English sole and the following parameters: sediment concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons, and concentrations of the metabolites of aromatic compounds in the bile of affected sole. A significant difference (p less than 0.001) was also found between the relative concentrations of aromatic free radicals in the liver microsomes of English sole with liver lesions compared to sole without liver lesions. Laboratory studies designed to evaluate the etiology of the liver neoplasms in English sole have also yielded evidence that is consistent with the view that high molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g., benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), are hepatocarcinogens in English sole. The current status of a series of long-term (up to 18 months) exposures of English sole and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) to selected fractions of Puget Sound sediment extracts, enriched with aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, and to individual carcinogens (e.g., BaP) is discussed.
Restitution of Action Potential Duration During Sequential Changes in Diastolic Intervals Shows Multimodal Behavior
Authors: Runze Wu, Abhijit Patwardhan
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Restitution of action potential duration (APD) is thought to be critical in activation instability. Although restitution is used to predict APD during sequential changes in diastolic interval (DI), currently used protocols to determine restitution do not use sequential changes in DI. We explored restitution using a new pacing protocol to change DI sequentially and independently of APD. Transmembrane potentials were recorded from right ventricular endocardial tissue isolated from six dogs. We used three patterns of DIs: oscillatory, to demonstrate differences in APDs depending on previous activation history; random, to minimize effects of previous activation history, each DI preceding an APD had an equal probability of being short or long; and linear, to compare restitution relationship obtained during sequential changes in DI with those obtained using currently used protocols; DIs mimicked those that resulted using currently used protocols, except that they changed in sequence. During oscillatory DIs, restitution showed bimodal trajectory similar to hysteresis. Decrease in APD during decreasing DIs was faster than increase in APD during increasing DIs. When effects of previous activation history were minimized, we observed that for a given DI there were multiple values of APD. Restitution relationship obtained during sequential changes in DI was shallower than those obtained using currently used protocols. Our results show that the new pacing protocol may permit direct evaluation of effects of memory on APD. Sequential and explicit control of DI suggests that use of a unimodal relationship to predict APD when DIs change in sequence may not be appropriate.