tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Manganese Exposure and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Rural School-Age Children: The Communities Actively Researching Exposure Study (Ohio, USA)
Authors: Erin N. Haynes, Heidi Sucharew, Pierce Kuhnell, Jody Alden, Mary Barnas, Robert O. Wright, Patrick J. Parsons, Kenneth M. Aldous, Meredith L. Praamsma, Caroline Beidler, Kim N. Dietrich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Manganese (Mn) plays a vital role in brain growth and development, yet excessive exposure can result in neurotoxicity. Marietta, Ohio, is home to the nation's longest-operating ferromanganese refinery, and community concern about exposure led to the development of the research study.Our overall goal was to address the community's primary research question: "Does Mn affect cognitive development of children?" We evaluated the relationships between Mn exposure as measured by blood and hair Mn, along with other neurotoxicants including blood lead (Pb) and serum cotinine, and child cognition.Children 7-9 years of age were enrolled (n = 404) in the Communities Actively Researching Exposure Study (CARES) from Marietta and Cambridge, Ohio, and their surrounding communities from October 2008 through March 2013. Blood and hair were analyzed for Mn and Pb, and serum was analyzed for cotinine. We used penalized splines to assess potential nonlinear associations between biological measures and IQ subscale scores, followed by multivariable regression models with categorical variables based on quartiles of the distribution for biological measures with nonlinear associations and continuous variables for biological measures with linear associations.Geometric mean blood (n = 327) and hair Mn (n = 370) concentrations were 9.67 ± 1.27 μg/L and 416.51 ± 2.44 ng/g, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, both low and high blood and hair Mn concentrations were associated with lower Full Scale IQ and subscale scores, with significant negative associations between the highest quartile and middle two quartiles of blood Mn (β -3.51; 95% CI: -6.64, -0.38) and hair Mn (β -3.66; 95% CI: -6.9, -0.43%) and Full Scale IQ.Both low and high Mn concentrations in blood and hair were negatively associated with child IQ scores. Serum cotinine was negatively associated with child cognitive function.
Controlled release of protein drugs from newly developed amphiphilic polymer-based microparticles composed of nanoparticles
Authors: Yoshinori Kakizawa, Reiji Nishio, Taisuke Hirano, Yoichiro Koshi, Mio Nukiwa, Masakazu Koiwa, Junji Michizoe, Nobuo Ida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Antigenemia Detected by Radioimmunoassay in Systemic Aspergillosis
Authors: MARC H. WEINER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Because of difficulties in antemortem diagnosis of systemic aspergillosis, a radioimmunoassay to an Aspergillus fumigatus carbohydrate was developed and evaluated in patients with mycotic or bacterial infections. Antigenemia was detected in sera obtained antemortem from four of seven patients with systemic aspergillosis and in pleural fluid from an Aspergillus empyema but not in control sera or pleural fluid from 43 patients or 27 normal donors. When characterized with reference to onset of disease, antigenemia was an early sign of infection. This study shows the usefulness of the Aspergillus antigen radioimmunoassay for early, specific immunodiagnosis of systemic aspergillosis.
Long-term molecular and cytogenetic response and survival outcomes with imatinib 400 mg, imatinib 800 mg, dasatinib, and nilotinib in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia: retrospective analysis of patient data from five clinical trials
Authors: Preetesh Jain, Hagop Kantarjian, Mona Lisa Alattar, Elias Jabbour, Koji Sasaki, Graciela Nogueras Gonzalez, Sara Dellasala, Sherry Pierce, Srdan Verstovsek, William Wierda, Gautam Borthakur, Farhad Ravandi, Susan O'Brien, Jorge Cortes
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Viricidal effect of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on human immunodeficiency virus-1. Role of the myeloperoxidase system.
Authors: S J Klebanoff, R W Coombs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Myeloperoxidase (MPO), H2O2, and chloride form an antimicrobial system in neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) effective against a variety of microorganisms. Normal human PMN, when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan, are viricidal to HIV-1. The viricidal effect was lost when chloride was replaced by sulfate and was inhibited by the peroxidase inhibitor azide and by catalase, but not by heated catalase or superoxide dismutase, implicating H2O2. Stimulated PMN from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) were not viricidal to HIV unless H2O2 or glucose oxidase (which generates H2O2) was added, and the viricidal activity of H2O2-supplemented CGD PMN was inhibited by azide, implicating endogenous MPO. Stimulated PMN from patients with hereditary MPO deficiency had decreased viricidal activity unless MPO was added, and the viricidal activity of MPO-supplemented, MPO-deficient PMN was inhibited by catalase, implicating endogenous H2O2. The data suggest that when PMN are stimulated, MPO released by degranulation reacts with H2O2 formed by the respiratory burst to oxidize chloride to a product (presumably hypochlorous acid) that is toxic to HIV-1. Our findings raise the possibility that this viricidal effect of stimulated PMN may influence the host defense against HIV-1.
Reviews and Notes: Patterns of Health Care in Ontario
Authors: Leonard A. Katz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 January 1995Reviews and Notes: Patterns of Health Care in OntarioLeonard A. Katz, MDLeonard A. Katz, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-1-199501010-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Patterns of Health Care in OntarioC. David Naylor, Geoffrey M. Anderson, and Vivek Goel; eds. 329 pages. Ottawa: Canadian Medical Association; 1994. $89.95.Medicine is undergoing a major transformation. Increasingly, medical practice will be based on evidence and populations, and this new medicine will require high-quality information and analysis.An extraordinary example of just the kind of information and analysis needed is now available in this text, the first of a series of practice atlases promised by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in Ontario. The atlas presents population-based data, and thoughtful commentary is dispersed throughout.The data come ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1995Volume 122, Issue 1Page: 78 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Searching the Literature and Computerized Services in Medicine
Authors: WILLIAM K. BEATTY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Searching the literature does not have to be a time-consuming and frustrating chore. This paper describes fundamental methods, basic printed guides, and computerized services and tells how to obtain current information on computerized programs and their costs. These guides and services will lead the searcher to journal articles, books, papers delivered at meetings, audiovisual material, and other types of medical literature. They will also help to overcome the language barrier. The searcher for current literature will learn about, among others, the Index Medicus and the Abridged Index Medicus, MEDLARS and MEDLINE, Current Contents, Science Citation Index, and Excerpta Medica. The searcher for older material will learn about the "Index-Catalogue," "Garrison-Morton," Familiar Medical Quotations, and other helpful guides. Effective and efficient searching of the literature, whether by hand or machine, obtains two valuable commodities for the searcher: information and time.
Dendrimeric Silica Particle Composites For IgE Determination In Patients Allergic To Amoxicillin
Authors: Maria Isabel Montañez, Yolanda Vida, Adriana Ariza, Cristobalina Mayorga, Maria Salas, Miguel Blanca, Ezequiel Pérez-Inestrosa, María José Torres
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
The John Phillips Memorial Award Lecture: Normal and Altered Function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Man. Application in Clinical and Research Medicine.
Authors: Jerome W. Conn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965The John Phillips Memorial Award Lecture: Normal and Altered Function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Man. Application in Clinical and Research Medicine.Jerome W. Conn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Jerome W. Conn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1071_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptImproved methods now make it possible to assess the activity of the renin-angiotensin system in man by measuring renin activity in peripheral plasma. Angiotensin II, the active octapeptide produced by this system, besides having pressor activity, stimulates adrenal secretion of aldosterone but not of cortisol. Increased release of renal renin generates more angiotensin which, in turn, increases secretion of aldosterone. This is the mechanism by which essentially all currently known states of secondary hyperaldosteronuria are produced.Good evidence exists that release of renin is controlled by "stretch sensors" in the afferent glomerular arterioles (AGA), decreased "stretch" releasing more renin and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byREFERENCES 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1071-1071KeywordsAldosteroneArteriolesBlood plasmaCortisol Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
CLINICAL EDUCATION—A CONTINUUM
Authors: Samuel P. Martin
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A physician is usually an intelligent and highly trained person. He is more than a brain. The task of the medical educator is  to insert an arbitrary collection of medical courses into a selection of brains; it is to educate each student. Osler says that the hardest part of the task is to convince the student that his education is not a medical course, but a life course ending in death, for which the work of a few years under teachers is but a preparation.1I would say that the task is made yet harder precisely because medical educators too frequently appear to act as if their aim was to cram the brain rather than to educate the person. The student emerges from the process of being educated with a well-established pattern of behavior, whether the method used tends to cram the brain or to educate the whole
Increased levels of vascular endothelial cell markers in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Hideo Wada, Toshihiro Kaneko, Michiaki Ohiwa, Motoaki Tanigawa, Tatsuya Hayashi, Shigehisa Tamaki, Nobuyuki Minami, Katsumi Deguchi, Koji Suzuki, Takeshi Nakano, Shigeru Shirakawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract We found that patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) have significantly elevated plasma thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) and FDP‐D‐dimer levels, while the plasmin‐α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) level was only slightly increased. The tissue‐type plasminogen activator (t‐PA) level was increased, but it was well correlated with the plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAl‐l) level. These findings suggest that hypercoagulable and hypofibrinolytic states coexist in these patients, in contrast to patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, who exhibit coexisting hypercoagulable and hyperfibrinolytic states. Levels of vascular endothelial cell markers, such as PAl‐l, thrombomodulin (TM), and t‐PA, were increased at the onset of TTP, but the level of von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen was not increased. The outcome in TTP patients was correlated with plasma t‐PA and TM levels but not with TAT or PIC. These results suggest that vascular endothelial cell markers, such as TM and t‐PA, are released from injured or stimulated endothelial cells, reflecting the degree of vascular endothelial damage, and that the main factor in the pathogenesis of TTP is vascular endothelial cell injury. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastatic Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix from Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Joseph Song
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ALTHOUGH metastatic tumors to the uterine cervix from extrapelvic sites are rare, their importance lies in the fact that they may be mistaken for primary cervical cancer. 1 The local symptoms and signs—vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, and later, pain in the pelvis and lower abdomen—are identical with those of primary cervical carcinomas.  In a review of the literature in 1941, Charache 2 found 56 reported examples of metastatic cervical cancer and described three additional patients whom he had observed. Thirty-four of these 59 examples were found to have originated from the breast, 14 from the stomach, 3 from the lung, 2 from the kidney, 1 each from the pleura, the ovary, the pancreas, the liver, and the gallbladder, and 1 from melanocarcinoma. Several additional examples of such metastases were reported thereafter, including one of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the cervix from a gastric cancer, reported by Williams 3 in 1945; one
Pertussis Immunization for Medical Personnel
Authors: THOMAS L. KURT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 June 1972Pertussis Immunization for Medical PersonnelTHOMAS L. KURT, M.D.THOMAS L. KURT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-6-1046 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Your February issue presents observations from the USPHS Center for Disease Control on the frequency of pertussis in adults and recommendations for immunization (Ann Intern Med76:289-291, 1972). Our epidemiologic study of the spread of pertussis by adults at the University of Colorado Medical Center showed that the diagnosis of pertussis in adults easily can be mislabeled as a "cold" or "bronchitis" and, further, that infected adults involved in pediatric health care can easily spread pertussis to children (1). Information concerning adult susceptibility to pertussis was shown in this study by the pertussis serologic titers in 341...References1. KURTYEAGERGUENETTE TAS: Spread of pertussis by hospital staff. JAMA. In press Google Scholar2. AGATEELDERING GG: Pertussis in Michigan. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep 16:379, 1967 Google Scholar3. GOLDBLATT E: Pertussis in Oregon. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep 17:6, 1968 Google Scholar4. MORSE S: Pertussis in adults. Ann Intern Med 68:953-954, 1968 LinkGoogle Scholar5. KENDRICKGOTTSHALLANDERSON PRH: Pertussis agglutinins in adults. Public Health Rep 84:9-15, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Colorado Medical Center Denver, Colo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHospitalization for pertussis: profiles and case costs by ageDiphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis Immunizations in Adults 1 June 1972Volume 76, Issue 6Page: 1046-1047KeywordsBronchitisChild healthChildrenEpidemiologyHealth careMedical staffPediatric infectionsPertussis Issue Published: 1 June 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Functional polycystin-1 dosage governs autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease severity
Authors: Katharina Hopp, Christopher J. Ward, Cynthia J. Hommerding, Samih H. Nasr, Han-Fang Tuan, Vladimir G. Gainullin, Sandro Rossetti, Vicente E. Torres, Peter C. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations to PKD1 or PKD2, triggering progressive cystogenesis and typically leading to end-stage renal disease in midlife. The phenotypic spectrum, however, ranges from in utero onset to adequate renal function at old age. Recent patient data suggest that the disease is dosage dependent, where incompletely penetrant alleles influence disease severity. Here, we have developed a knockin mouse model matching a likely disease variant, PKD1 p.R3277C (RC), and have proved that its functionally hypomorphic nature modifies the ADPKD phenotype. While Pkd1+/null mice are normal, Pkd1RC/null mice have rapidly progressive disease, and Pkd1RC/RC animals develop gradual cystogenesis. These models effectively mimic the pathophysiological features of in utero–onset and typical ADPKD, respectively, correlating the level of functional Pkd1 product with disease severity, highlighting the dosage dependence of cystogenesis. Additionally, molecular analyses identified p.R3277C as a temperature-sensitive folding/trafficking mutant, and length defects in collecting duct primary cilia, the organelle central to PKD pathogenesis, were clearly detected for the first time to our knowledge in PKD1. Altogether, this study highlights the role that in trans variants at the disease locus can play in phenotypic modification of dominant diseases and provides a truly orthologous PKD1 model, optimal for therapeutic testing.
Randomized trial of bendamustine-rituximab or R-CHOP/R-CVP in first-line treatment of indolent NHL or MCL: the BRIGHT study
Authors: Ian W. Flinn, Richard van der Jagt, Brad S. Kahl, Peter Wood, Tim E. Hawkins, David MacDonald, Mark Hertzberg, Yiu-Lam Kwan, David Simpson, Michael Craig, Kathryn Kolibaba, Samar Issa, Regina Clementi, Doreen M. Hallman, Mihaela Munteanu, Ling Chen, John M. Burke
Journal: Blood (2014)
Dialysis myelopathy: quadriparesis due to extradural amyloid of 2 microglobulin origin
Authors: T J Allain, P E Stevens, L R Bridges, M E Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Mean (SEM) concentrations of growth hormone, insulin, and glucose over 24 hours with each dose regimen.For statistical analysis (Students paired t test) growth hormone and insulin concentrations were log transformed Dose of octreotide (sg thrice daily) Control 100 500 1000Growth hormone (mIU/l): 24 h Profile 40 (18)* 8-5 (3-2)t 3-8 (0-5) 3-1(0 4) 10 h After dose 45 ( 16)* 17-7 (4 0)i 5-2 (0-6) § 2-8 (0 2) Insulin (mU/I): 24 h Profile 33 (7-1)* 17 (3-7)t (3 0) 10-6 (1-5) Glucose (mmol/l):24 h Profile 5 2 (0-3) 5-3 (0 2) 5-5 (0 2) 5-4 (0 2) *Control v 100, 500, and 1000 [tg p<0001.tlO0 v 1000 [tg p<o-o.t100 v 500 ,tg p<005.1500 v 1000 itg p<002.concentration with any of the doses.Growth hormone concentration was within normal limits 10 hours after 1000 ig octreotide but not after 100 or 500 ,g.Daily measurements ofgrowth hormone concentration showed no change on each ofthe three days of each dose regimen.Twenty four hour profiles obtained in the four patients on the last day of the long term study did not differ from those obtained in the acute study at this dose.No patient experienced subjective or objective side effects while taking octreotide.There was no change in blood count, biochemical profile, or thyroxine, cortisol, prolactin, luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and sex hormone concentrations at the highest dose.
Changing remuneration systems: effects on activity in general practice.
Authors: A Krasnik, P P Groenewegen, P A Pedersen, P von Scholten, G Mooney, A Gottschau, H A Flierman, M T Damsgaard
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the effects on general practitioners' activities of a change in their remuneration from a capitation based system to a mixed fee per item and capitation based system. DESIGN--Follow up study with data collected from contact sheets completed by general practitioners in one period before (March 1987) a change in their remuneration system and two periods after (March 1988, November 1988), with a control group of general practitioners with a mixed fee per item and capitation based system throughout. SETTING--General practices in Copenhagen city (index group) and Copenhagen county (control group). SUBJECTS--265 General practitioners in Copenhagen city, of whom 100 were selected randomly from the 130 who agreed to participate (10 exclusions) and 326 general practitioners in Copenhagen county. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Number of consultations (face to face and by telephone) and renewals of prescriptions, diagnostic and curative services, and specialist and hospital referrals per 1000 enlisted patients in one week. RESULTS--Of the 75 general practitioners who completed all three sheets, four were excluded for incomplete data. Total contact rates per 1000 patients listed rose significantly compared with the rates before the change index in the city (100.0 before the change v 111.7 (95% confidence interval 106.4 to 117.4 after the change) and over the same time in the control group (100.0 v 106.0), but within a year these rates fell (to 104.2(99.1 to 109.6) and 104.0 respectively). There was an increase in consultations by telephone initially but not thereafter. Rates of examinations and treatments that attracted specific additional remuneration after the change rose significantly compared with those before (diagnostic services, 138.1 (118.7 to 160.5) and 159.5 (137.8 to 184.7) and curative services 194.6 (152.2 to 248.9) and 194.8(152.3 to 249.2) for second and third data collections respectively) and with the control group (diagnostic services 105.3, 107.6 and curative services 106.0, 115.0) whereas referral rates to secondary care fell (specialist referrals 90.1 (80.7 to 100.6) and 77.0 (68.6 to 86.4) and hospital referrals 87.4 (71.1 to 107.5) and 68.4 (54.7 to 85.4] in doctors in the city. CONCLUSIONS--Introducing a partial fee for service system seemed to stimulate the provision of services by general practitioners, resulting in reduced referral rates. The concept of a "target income" which doctors aim at, rather than maximising their income seemed to play a part in adjustment to changing the system of remuneration.