tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does physical activity reduce the risk of developing peptic ulcers?
Authors: Yiling Cheng, Caroline A Macera, Dorothy R Davis, Steven N Blair
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2000)

Background —Although Helicobacter pylori has been identified as a major cause of chronic gastritis, not all infected patients develop ulcers, suggesting that other factors such as lifestyle may be critical to the development of ulcer disease. Aim —To investigate the role physical activity may play in the incidence of peptic ulcer disease. Methods —The subjects were men (8529) and women (2884) who attended the Cooper Clinic in Dallas between 1970 and 1990. The presence of gastric or duodenal ulcer disease diagnosed by a doctor was determined from a mail survey in 1990. Subjects were classified into three physical activity groups according to information provided at the baseline clinic visit (before 1990): active, those who walked or ran 10 miles or more a week; moderately active, those who walked or ran less than 10 miles a week or did another regular activity; the referent group consisting of those who reported no regular physical activity. Results —With the use of gender specific proportional hazards regression models that could be adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, and self reported tension, active men were found to have a significant reduction in risk for duodenal ulcers (relative hazard (95% confidence interval) for the active group was 0.38 (0.15 to 0.94) and 0.54 (0.30 to 0.96) for the moderately active group). No association was found between physical activity and gastric ulcers for men or for either type of ulcer for women. Conclusions —Physical activity may provide a non-pharmacological method of reducing the incidence of duodenal ulcers among men.
Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Farouk A. Pirzada, James W. McDowell, Edward M. Cohen, Virender K. Saini, Robert L. Berger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

THE treatment of traumatic ventricular septal defects produced by penetrating injuries of the heart is a subject of controversy. Some advocate surgical closure of all such defects whereas others suggest that, as with the congenital variety, the indication for surgery should be determined by the size of the left-to-right shunt. Underlying this dilemma is the paucity of information on the natural history of this lesion. The long-term hemodynamic course of traumatic ventricular septal defects was studied in the following four patients who underwent serial cardiac catheterizations.Case ReportsCase 1. A 57-year-old man sustained a stab wound in the subxiphoid . . .
Natriuretic peptides and echocardiography in acute dyspnoea: implication of elevated levels with normal systolic function
Authors: Keyur B. Shah, Willem J. Kop, Robert H. Christenson, Deborah B. Diercks, Dick Kuo, Sue Henderson, Karen Hanson, Shu‐Ying Li, Christopher R. deFilippi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
IRAK-4 and MyD88 deficiencies impair IgM responses against T-independent bacterial antigens
Authors: Paul J. Maglione, Noa Simchoni, Samuel Black, Lin Radigan, Jessica R. Overbey, Emilia Bagiella, James B. Bussel, Xavier Bossuyt, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Isabelle Meyts, Andrea Cerutti, Capucine Picard, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Journal: Blood (2014)
miR-33a promotes glioma-initiating cell self-renewal via PKA and NOTCH pathways
Authors: Hui Wang, Tao Sun, Jing Hu, Rui Zhang, Yanhua Rao, Shuai Wang, Rui Chen, Roger E. McLendon, Allan H. Friedman, Stephen T. Keir, Darell D. Bigner, Qi-Jing Li, Huibo Wang, Xiao-Fan Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor in adults. Glioma-initiating cells (GICs) are stem-like cells that have been implicated in glioblastoma progression and recurrence; however, the distinct properties of GICs and non-GICs within GBM tumors are largely uncharacterized. Here, we evaluated stem cell–associated microRNA (miR) expression in GICs from GBM patients and GICs derived from xenografted human glioma cell lines and determined that miR-33a promotes GIC growth and self-renewal. Moreover, evaluation of a GBM tissue array revealed that higher miR-33a expression was associated with poor prognosis of GBM patients. Antagonizing miR-33a function in GICs reduced self-renewal and tumor progression in immune-compromised mice, whereas overexpression of miR-33a in non-GICs promoted the display of features associated with GICs. We identified the mRNAs encoding phosphodiesterase 8A (PDE8A) and UV radiation resistance–associated gene (UVRAG) as direct miR-33a targets. PDE8A and UVRAG negatively regulated the cAMP/PKA and NOTCH pathways, respectively; therefore, miR-33a–dependent reduction of these proteins promoted growth and self-renewal of GICs by enhancing PKA and NOTCH activity. Furthermore, in GBM specimens, there was an inverse correlation between the expression levels of miR-33a and PDE8A and UVRAG expression. These findings reveal a miR-33a–centered signaling network that promotes GIC maintenance and has potential as a therapeutic target for GBM treatment.
Inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia 4 years after experimental canine myocardial infarction: electrophysiologic and anatomic comparisons with early healed infarcts.
Authors: R F Hanich, C D de Langen, A H Kadish, E L Michelson, J H Levine, J F Spear, E N Moore
Journal: Circulation (1988)

We studied a group of 17 dogs 4 to 6 years after infarction produced by 2 hr occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery followed by reperfusion. Dogs in this "late" infarct group were compared with a group of 24 dogs with "early" healed infarcts (2 to 24 weeks old). With signal-averaging techniques body surface potentials were recorded during sinus rhythm. After thoracotomy epicardial electrograms were recorded from 45 standardized sites within the infarcted region and characteristics of selected electrograms were compared with anatomic features of underlying myocardium. Epicardial recordings from the late infarct group demonstrated earlier local activation (p less than .001) and shorter electrogram duration (p less than .001) when compared with recordings from the early infarct group. There was less temporal dispersion of activation and electrogram duration among the 45 sites in dogs with late infarcts as measured by respective coefficients of variance (p = .007 and less than .001). With programmed stimulation six dogs in the late and eight in the early infarct group exhibited inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia. Mean cycle length of the tachycardia in dogs with late infarcts was significantly shorter (p = .035). Late potentials were notably less prominent in dogs in the late infarct group with ventricular tachycardia than in dogs in the early infarct group. Fewer abnormal electrophysiologic characteristics of late infarcts coincided with relatively less scar in the underlying myocardium. Moreover, the strength of electrophysiologic-anatomic correlations differed in late as opposed to early infarcts. The latter findings suggest long-term evolution of infarct anatomy. We conclude that a substrate for reentrant tachycardia is present in dogs 4 to 6 years after reperfused infarction. Conduction characteristics are less abnormal in these late healed infarcts and are associated with a shorter ventricular tachycardia cycle length and less pronounced late potentials on the body surface.
Disturbances of insulin in British Asian and white men surviving myocardial infarction.
Authors: L. O. Hughes, J. K. Cruickshank, J. Wright, E. B. Raftery
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To examine the role of insulin as a cardiovascular risk factor in British Asian and white men.Case-controlled study of survivors of first myocardial infarction.District general hospital.Consecutive series of 76 white and 74 Asian men who survived first myocardial infarction compared with 58 white and 61 Asian male controls without coronary artery disease who were randomly sampled from the community.More Asians than white subjects had impaired glucose tolerance or overt diabetes as measured by the two hour glucose tolerance test (23/74 (32%) v 11/76 (15%) (p less than 0.001) among patients; 17/61 (28%) v 3/58 (6%) (p less than 0.001) among controls). Insulin and C peptide concentrations were higher in both patient groups than in respective controls (p less than 0.001) and higher in Asian than in white subjects, irrespective of their glucose tolerance. Triglyceride concentrations were higher in patients than in controls (1.92 (SD 1.05) v 1.43 (0.82) mmol/l among Asian men; 1.65 (0.83) v 1.3 (0.61) mmol/l among white subjects; p less than 0.001). Total cholesterol concentrations were lower in both groups of Asians than in respective white subjects (5.78 (0.99) v 6.22 (1.04) mmol/l (p less than 0.01) among patients; 5.54 (1.01) v 5.65 (1.11) mmol/l (p less than 0.6) among controls). High density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were lower in Asian than in white subjects. The ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in both patient groups (6.69 (1.81) in Asian patients and 6.31 (1.91) in white patients) than in respective controls (5.24 (1.19) and 4.77 (1.43)). Regression analysis identified C peptide concentration and the ratio of total to high density lipoprotein cholesterol as powerful independent predictors of myocardial infarction in Asian and white men. Total cholesterol concentration predicted infarction in white but not in Asian men.Secretion and hepatic extraction of insulin are high in survivors of myocardial infarction and especially high in British Asians. Tissue resistance to the action of insulin, giving rise to increased pancreatic secretion, may be an important risk factor for coronary artery disease in both ethnic groups and may be partly responsible for the high incidence of diabetes and coronary artery disease in Asian populations.
Tired all the time
Authors: D. Memel
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The consultation had an inauspicious start. It was towards the end of a busy afternoon surgery and the young woman sat herself down. “I haven't been feeling well lately, I've made you a list.” The list was overwhelming for a 10 minute consultation late in the day, having 20 different symptoms. But I had known her for several years, including looking after her during her pregnancy, and she had never behaved like this before.

I looked closer at the list and a pattern appeared. Symptom number 2: puffy eyes most of the time; number 8: hands feel numb and swollen, especially while sleeping; number 9: dry skin on hands—sometimes chapped; number 15: generally feeling tired and worn out; number 16: always cold; number 17: hair gone darker and dry, more facial hair; number 20: lost my shout. By the time I …
Queuing to see Professor Ronnie Marks on Saturday morning
Authors: A. Anstey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Fĕ'stschrĭft (-shr-) n. (pl. ~en or ~s). Collection of writings presented to scholar to mark an occasion in his life. [G = festival writing] I first met Ronnie Marks when I was appointed as Senior Registrar in his department in Cardiff in 1991. 'Come and see me so that we can see what research you will do', he suggested. To my surprise, he arranged this meeting for a Saturday morning. More surprising was that I was in a queue with three others; being the new boy, I was last in. By the time we were done, it was Saturday afternoon. Did this man ever rest? This was to be a recurring theme; queuing up to discuss how the research was going. Ronnie never seemed to be in a rush to go home. 'Come and see me later' meant another late night. His system was to squeeze more dermatology into the day than seemed reasonable or necessary. What did he do to unwind and relax? He would look at some dermatopathology slides. The trouble was, he never seemed to want to do this on his own; it would have been churlish to refuse. I found myself saying, 'Yes, let's look at some slides together'. 'Filter coffee?' 'Why not'. Once you had accepted that Saturday was slipping away, it was actually stimulating to trawl through some slides with Ronnie. His passion for dermatopathology was infectious. During these shared sessions, Ronnie would observe, speculate, comment, question, discuss and listen. He was most respectful of my ill-informed opinion. Epidermal cell kinetics, active epidermal cell movement and wound healing were pet topics, which led to much theorizing, discussion and associative thinking. Importantly, these sessions often generated ideas for research. He inculcated into his team the importance of enquiry, and the confidence and scientific rigour to test out new ideas with suitable experiments. Was this wasted time, or time that was well spent and productive? His record speaks for itself. Ronnie is the author of nearly 600 papers and scientific articles and 44 books. He founded the International Society of Bioengineering and the Skin and is recognized as one of the first clinical academics in dermatology to systematically study the Stratum Corneum. Ronnie was Assistant Editor of the British Journal of Dermatology from 1973 to 1985. It is therefore a fitting tribute for this journal to publish a supplement dedicated to the Stratum Corneum, and filled with contributions from academics who, like me, have been inspired by Ronnie. Thank you Ronnie from all of us, and be proud of this Festschrift supplement, which was made possible by the role you have played in these authors' academic lives.
Basophil Reactivity and Allergen Specific-IgE Levels but Not Total IgE, Skin Prick Test Size, or Specific IgG4 Are Correlated with Severity of Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Food Challenge Reactions
Authors: Nicole Leung, Ying Song, Julie Wang, Li Xin Wang, Jaime Ross, Scott H. Sicherer, June Straw, Stacie M. Jones, Hugh A. Sampson, Xiu-Min Li
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Abstract 3013: Different tumor-initiating cells from a IDH1 wt glioblastoma patient
Authors: Akio Soeda, Akira Hara, Takahiro Kunisada, Toru Iwama
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme, as its name suggests, composes pathologically heterogeneous mixed cells, such as variable degree of cellular and nuclear polymorphism, or so called “gemistocytes” or “giant cells”. Cancer cell regulates dynamic cell-cell interactions, thus, cell-cell dynamic heterogeneity is fundamental questions to know which cells are origin, therapeutic targets or source of recurrences for these decades. Therefore, functional analysis of each heterogenous cells and their role in tumor pathogenesis are critical. To investigate the cellular origin of population diversity, we established 4 subclones from a IDH1 wild type GBM patient. These subclones were subsequently propagated and analyzed. All clones expressed stem cell makers (nestin, sox2, musashi) heterogeneously. The morphology, self-renewal and proliferative capacities of the subclones were varying. FACS analysis showed that high CD133 expression clones tended to have high proliferation and invasive capacities. Most of these clones’ cells expressed high level of CD44, an adhesion molecule in cancer stem cells regulating redox status in cancer cells. Surface expression of CD24 and CD56 showed statistically different pattern. However, these 2 did not enhance their morphology, proliferation capacities and tumorigenesis. On the other hand, cDNA analysis with using 58721 probes showed that the level of COL1A1 and IGFBP7 were matched their morphology and tumorigenesis character. In animal models, xenografts from subclones, tumor-progression/invasion and animal survivals were also different. Some clones invaded contra-lateral hemisphere via tract fiber. Our observations suggest that single cell derived subclones from a patient is capable of producing phenotypically heterogeneous self-renewing progenies in an in vitro and in vivo setting. The functional analysis of the heterogeneous GSC clones may provide a better understanding of GSC biology and novel means for testing of new treatment strategies that focus on the eradication of the true GSCs. Citation Format: Akio Soeda, Akira Hara, Takahiro Kunisada, Toru Iwama. Different tumor-initiating cells from a IDH1 wt glioblastoma patient. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3013. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3013
Gender effect on prognosis of patients receiving long-term home oxygen therapy. The Respiratory Failure Research Group in Japan.
Authors: K Miyamoto, A Aida, M Nishimura, M Aiba, S Kira, Y Kawakami
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Although long-term home oxygen therapy (LTOT) certainly prolongs survival, it is not known whether this advantageous effect is similar for both sexes. In this study, we analyzed sex-related differences in survival based on a very large population that had received LTOT from 1986 to 1993. A total of 9,759 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sequelae of tuberculosis (TBsq), and chronic interstitial pneumonia (IP) were selected in 1,212 medical institutions for analysis of survival rates. The survival rates of both sexes were compared with each other using the Cutler-Ederer Method. Despite higher PaCO2 at the beginning, the survival rate of women was significantly better than that of men in these three disease categories. Cox's proportional hazards analysis further confirmed the gender effect on survival by eliminating the effects of age, PaO2, PaCO2, %VC, and FEV1/FVC. The mean survival periods of the women who died during follow-up periods were also significantly longer than those of men (0.41 yr in COPD, 1.84 yr in TBsq, and 0.78 yr in IP). From these findings, we conclude women have a better prognosis than men when they start receiving LTOT, regardless of the cause of respiratory failure.
Coagulation Studies During Experimental Hemoglobinemia
Authors: Jesse I. Spector
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with great interest the article entitled "Benign Hemoglobinuria Following Transfusion of Accidentally Frozen Blood" (235:2850-2851, 1976). The conclusion drawn was that the benign clinical response to the presence of massive hemoglobinuria was attributable to the absence of immunologic incompatibility, thus failing to activate mediators of disseminated intravascular coagulation. In relation to this point and to support it I refer to our previous studies in humans, in which either a bolus injection of 100 ml autologous frozen thawed blood was infused in ten minutes or a 50-ml bolus was infused in three to four minutes followed by a continuous five-hour infusion.<sup>1</sup>In 14 studies in which the plasma hemoglobin levels in the human volunteers were in the range of 250 mg/100 ml, there was no evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The mean peak plasma hemoglobin level following this single bolus injection was 540 mg/100 ml. We
Human Plasma Treated With Ultraviolet and Propiolactone
Authors: Gerald A. LoGrippo, Bonnie R. Wolfram, Clarence E. Rupe
Journal: JAMA (1964)

SINCE 1950, this laboratory has conducted a continuous program directed toward the sterilization of whole blood or its components or both against the hepatitis virus.<sup>1</sup>Out of 700 chemical, physical, and physico-chemical agents evaluated with virus-seeded blood and plasma, propiolactone (Betaprone, BPL ) has consistently proved to be the most effective drug and ultraviolet the most suitable physical agent. This combination was chosen because of the following properties: (1) virucidal potency, (2) lack of toxicity of the final product, (3) best preservation of the physiological properties of the blood components, (4) lack of allergic reactions, and (5) the wide margin of safety between virucidal concentration and toxicity levels. Propiolactone-treated plasma has been evaluated in man since 1951. From 1951 to 1956, 290 liters of treated plasma were administered to 414 patients in 1,153 transfusions.<sup>1</sup>During this period small plasma pools ( two to four liters ) were treated with propiolactone in increasing
A PORTABLE GASTRIC LAVAGE OUTFIT.
Authors: JESSE S. MYER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

With the modern tendency to simplify therapeutic and diagnostic measures it seems strange indeed that the old method of gastric lavage should be so persistently employed; and this, in spite of the fact that the Leube-Rosenthal method has been so long known to the profession. Surely no one who has employed both methods can consistently maintain that the funnel method is either simpler, cleaner or more efficacious. In fact, no method may be considered simple which requires the amount of physical exertion necessary in the process of raising and lowering the funnel; no method clean which permits of the possibility of soiling the patient and things about him, and surely no method can be more efficacious than one which permits of the regulation of the in-flow and the out-flow of water, as does the Leube-Rosenthal method. Yet Herschell, though he considers the apparatus very admirable in the hands of a
Incidence of erectile dysfunction and characteristics of patients before and after the introduction of sildenafil in the United Kingdom: cross sectional study with comparison patients
Authors: J. A Kaye
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Erectile dysfunction, the consistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance, is reported to occur in association with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, smoking, spinal cord injury, prostate cancer, genitourinary surgery, psychiatric disorders, and the use of many drugs, including alcohol.1 Sildenafil (Viagra), an oral treatment for erectile dysfunction that was licensed in the United Kingdom in September 1998, selectively inhibits cyclic guanosine monophosphate specific phosphodiesterase type 5, thereby enhancing the vasodilating effect of endogenous nitric oxide. Sildenafil is contraindicated in men being treated with organic nitrates and should be used with caution in men with cardiovascular disease.2 Because sildenafil has been promoted extensively, and because no large, population based studies on the incidence of erectile dysfunction had been reported from the United Kingdom, we were interested in the incidence of the disorder and the characteristics of men with …