tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypogonadism, Quadriceps Weakness, and Exercise Intolerance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Monique Van Vliet, Martijn A. Spruit, Geert Verleden, Ahmad Kasran, Erik Van Herck, Fabio Pitta, Roger Bouillon, Marc Decramer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Circulating levels of testosterone and gonadotrophins of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have never been compared with those of elderly men with normal pulmonary function. Moreover, the relationship of hypogonadism with quadriceps muscle weakness and exercise intolerance has been studied scarcely in men with COPD.To compare circulating levels of hormones of the pituitary-gonadotrophic axis of men with COPD with those of age-matched control subjects. Moreover, to study the relationship of hypogonadism with quadriceps muscle force, 6-min walking distance, and systemic markers of inflammation in the patients.Circulating levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were determined, and free testosterone was calculated in 78 patients (FEV1: 44 +/- 17% of the predicted values) and 21 control subjects. Moreover, quadriceps muscle force, 6-min walking distance, number of pack-yr, and systemic inflammation were determined.Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were higher in the patients, whereas testosterone was lower (p < or = 0.05). The latter finding was also present in 48 non-steroid-using patients with normal blood gases. Low androgen status was significantly related to quadriceps muscle weakness (r = 0.48) and C-reactive protein (r = -0.39) in the patients, but not to exercise intolerance, the number of pack-yr, or increased circulating levels of interleukin 8 or soluble receptors of tumor necrosis factor alpha.In contrast to exercise intolerance, quadriceps muscle weakness is related to low circulating levels of testosterone in men with COPD.
Regional myocardial metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction assessed by positron emission tomography
Authors: Markus Schwaiger, Richard Brunken, Maleah Grover-McKay, Janine Krivokapich, John Child, Jan H. Tillisch, Michael E. Phelps, Heinrich R. Schelbert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transhepatic anterograde self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement across malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: T. Nguyen-Tang, K. Binmoeller, A. Sanchez-Yague, J. Shah
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) for palliation of malignant obstruction may not be possible in patients with an inaccessible biliary orifice. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage methods may be useful in this setting. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of EUS-guided anterograde SEMS placement across malignant strictures in patients with an inaccessible biliary orifice. Over a 2-year period, procedural and outcomes data on all patients undergoing EUS-guided anterograde SEMS drainage after failed ERCP were prospectively entered into a database and reviewed. Five patients underwent EUS-guided anterograde SEMS. Indications included: advanced pancreatic cancer (n = 3), metastatic cancer (n = 1), and anastomotic stricture (n = 1). The biliary orifice could not be reached endoscopically due to duodenal stricture (n = 4) or inaccessible hepaticojejunostomy (n = 1). EUS-guided punctures were performed transgastrically into left intrahepatic ducts (n = 4) or transbulbar into the common bile duct (n = 1). Guide wires were passed and SEMS were successfully deployed across strictures in an anterograde fashion in all patients. Jaundice resolved and serum bilirubin levels decreased in all cases. No procedure-related complications were noted during a mean follow-up of 9.2 months. EUS-guided anterograde SEMS placement appears to be a safe and efficient technique for palliation of biliary obstruction in patients with an endoscopically inaccessible biliary orifice. The procedure can be performed at the time of failed standard ERCP, and provides an alternative drainage option to percutaneous or surgical decompression and to EUS-guided creation of bilioenteric fistulae.
Neonatal Gene Therapy of Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia Using a Feline Immunodeficiency Virus–based Vector
Authors: Albert Grinshpun, Reba Condiotti, Simon N Waddington, Michael Peer, Eli Zeig, Sima Peretz, Alina Simerzin, Janice Chou, Chi-Jiunn Pann, Hilla Giladi, Eithan Galun
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD-Ia), also known as von Gierke disease, is caused by a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase-alpha (G6Pase), a key enzyme in glucose homeostasis. From birth, affected individuals cannot maintain normal blood glucose levels and suffer from a variety of metabolic disorders, leading to life-threatening complications. Gene therapy has been proposed as a possible option for treatment of this illness. Vectors have been constructed from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a nonprimate lentivirus, because the wild-type virus does not cause disease in humans. Previously, we have shown that these vectors are capable of integrating stably into hepatocyte cell lines and adult murine livers and lead to long-term transgene expression. In the current work, we have assessed the ability to attenuate disease symptoms in a murine model of GSD-Ia. Single administration of FIV vectors containing the human G6Pase gene to G6Pase-alpha(-/-) mice did not change the biochemical and pathological phenotype. However, a double neonatal administration protocol led to normalized blood glucose levels, significantly extended survival, improved body weight, and decreased accumulation of liver glycogen associated with the disease. This approach shows a promising paradigm for treating GSD-Ia patients early in life thereby avoiding long-term consequences.
Severe halogen acne due to a trifluoromethylpyrazole derivative and its resistance to isotretinoin
Authors: L. SCERRI, I. ZAKI, L.G. MILLARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

We report a case of severe chloracne, with systemic involvement, following occupational exposure to dihydrotrifluoromethylphenyl benzothiopyranopyrazolone, which, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported as a cause of chloracne. Aggressive drug treatment, including high-dose oral isotretinoin was of limited benefit in suppressing the disease activity.
EVEROLIMUS–ELUTING VERSUS SIROLIMUS–ELUTING CORONARY STENTS IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Si–Hyuck Kang, Keun–Ho Park, Hyo–Suk Ahn, Kyung Woo Park, Young Joon Hong, Bon Kwon Koo, Myung Ho Jeong, Hyo–Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A Collagen-based Scaffold Delivering Exogenous MicroRNA-29B to Modulate Extracellular Matrix Remodeling
Authors: Michael Monaghan, Shane Browne, Katja Schenke-Layland, Abhay Pandit
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Directing appropriate extracellular matrix remodeling is a key aim of regenerative medicine strategies. Thus, antifibrotic interfering RNA (RNAi) therapy with exogenous microRNA (miR)-29B was proposed as a method to modulate extracellular matrix remodeling following cutaneous injury. It was hypothesized that delivery of miR-29B from a collagen scaffold will efficiently modulate the extracellular matrix remodeling response and reduce maladaptive remodeling such as aggressive deposition of collagen type I after injury. The release of RNA from the scaffold was assessed and its ability to silence collagen type I and collagen type III expression was evaluated in vitro. When primary fibroblasts were cultured with scaffolds doped with miR-29B, reduced levels of collagen type I and collagen type III mRNA expression were observed for up to 2 weeks of culture. When the scaffolds were applied to full thickness wounds in vivo, reduced wound contraction, improved collagen type III/I ratios and a significantly higher matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 ratio were detected when the scaffolds were functionalized with miR-29B. Furthermore, these effects were significantly influenced by the dose of miR-29B in the collagen scaffold (0.5 versus 5 μg). This study shows a potential of combining exogenous miRs with collagen scaffolds to improve extracellular matrix remodeling following injury.
Abnormal Haemoglobins in Africa: A Symposium Organized by the Council for International Organization of Medical Sciences Established Under the Joint Auspices of UNESCO &amp; WHO
Authors: William R. Best
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In this symposium, the subjects discussed included hemoglobinopathies, thalassemia, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies as they occur throughout the world, with particular emphasis on Africa. About 75% of the 38 participants are based in Africa, and their investigations represent a high level of sophistication. There is less redundancy than is found in many symposia; but, as is often the case, the individual papers do not readily combine into a comprehensive and cohesive whole. Nonetheless, this will be a valuable reference in this field, for it contains thoughtful, well-documented reviews as well as primary reports of interest. Biochemistry, pathology, clinical features, laboratory methods, and genetics are considered. The evidence that protection against falciparum malaria in younger age groups tends to maintain the gene for S hemoglobin in African populations is strong indeed; and there is suggestive but less convincing evidence that this same disease is responsible for the persistence of genes for
Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Pediatric Digestive Diseases: Preliminary Results
Authors: G. Roseau, L. Palazzo, I. Dumontier, J. F. Mougenot, S. Chaussade, J. Navarro, D. Couturier
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is rarely used in pediatrics. Its feasibility and potential indications have been assessed in this retrospective study.Twenty-three EUS examinations were carried out on 18 children (mean age 12 years, ranging from 4 to 16 years) using a mechanically rotating 7.5 and 12 MHz sector scan transducer. Upper digestive tract EUS (n = 17) was performed in children suffering from biliopancreatic diseases, angiomatosis or digestive tumors. They were performed under intravenous sedation. Anorectal EUS (n = 6), carried out after simple lavage in most cases, investigated tumors (adenomas and carcinoid tumor) or proctological diseases.No technical failures or complications were encountered. EUS proved useful in the diagnosis of pancreatitis and portal hypertension. When included in pretherapeutic examinations, it provided useful information in cases of angiomatosis, biliary lithiasis and polyps. It was also useful in the follow-up of children after endoscopic excision or surgical treatment of adenomas or tumors (carcinoid tumor, neurofibroma).EUS would therefore appear to be a promising technique in pediatric gastroenterology. More work is needed in order to better determine its indications and the need for equipment specific to children.
Diabetes and Incidence of Functional Disability in Older Women
Authors: Edward W. Gregg, Carol M. Mangione, Jane A. Cauley, Theodore J. Thompson, Ann V. Schwartz, Kristine E. Ensrud, Michael C. Nevitt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—To examine the relationship between diabetes and the incidence of functional disability and to determine the predictors of functional disability among older women with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed data from 8,344 women enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, a prospective cohort of women aged ≥65 years. Diabetes (n = 527, 6.3% prevalence) and comorbidities (coronary heart disease, stroke, arthritis, depression, and visual impairment) were assessed by questionnaire and physical examination. Incident disability, defined as onset of inability to do one or more major functional tasks (walking 0.25 mile, climbing 10 steps, performing household chores, shopping, and cooking meals), was assessed by questionnaire over 12 years. RESULTS—The yearly incidence of any functional disability was 9.8% among women with diabetes and 4.8% among women without diabetes. The age-adjusted hazard rate ratio (HRR) of disability for specific tasks associated with diabetes ranged from 2.12 (1.82–2.48) for doing housework to 2.50 (2.05–3.04) for walking two to three blocks. After adjustment for potential confounders at baseline (BMI, physical activity, estrogen use, baseline functional status, visual impairment, and marital status) and comorbidities (heart disease, stroke, depression, and arthritis), diabetes remained associated with a 42% increased risk of any incident disability and a 53–98% increased risk of disability for specific tasks. Among women with diabetes, older age, higher BMI, coronary heart disease, arthritis, physical inactivity, and severe visual impairment at baseline were each independently associated with disability. CONCLUSIONS—Diabetes is associated with an increased incidence of functional disability, which is likely to further erode health status and quality of life.
Genetic variation in LIN28B is associated with the timing of puberty
Authors: Ken K Ong, Cathy E Elks, Shengxu Li, Jing Hua Zhao, Jian'an Luan, Lars B Andersen, Sheila A Bingham, Soren Brage, George Davey Smith, Ulf Ekelund, Christopher J Gillson, Beate Glaser, Jean Golding, Rebecca Hardy, Kay-Tee Khaw, Diana Kuh, Robert Luben, Michele Marcus, Michael A McGeehin, Andrew R Ness, Kate Northstone, Susan M Ring, Carol Rubin, Matthew A Sims, Kijoung Song, David P Strachan, Peter Vollenweider, Gerard Waeber, Dawn M Waterworth, Andrew Wong, Panagiotis Deloukas, Inês Barroso, Vincent Mooser, Ruth J Loos, Nicholas J Wareham
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Evidence based research for coping in emergencies goes online
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2005)

People called in to help in health emergencies, such as the recent tsunami in Asia, will be able to get comprehensive up to date evidence based information, from a single source, on best treatments and approaches to handle such a crisis, thanks to the latest measures by the Cochrane Collaboration.

The collaboration has pooled together a database summarising the effectiveness of various interventions in crisis situations, from cholera vaccination to effective interventions for post-traumatic stress, available free on its website, www.cochrane.org.

“This will provide a unique resource for people making policy decisions about the types of health care to provide, as well as people who are planning, providing, …
End-systolic pressure-volume relations.
Authors: H Suga
Journal: Circulation (1979)

tive prosthetic orifice size may have to be performed at least a few weeks after valve insertion.Second, in some patients, the problem is compounded by the small size of the annulus compared with the size of the patient.My article was not written just to highlight the difficulties of a small aortic annulus.Dr. Kinsley's ability to insert a prosthetic valve size commensurate with the patient's body size is to be applauded.However, Dr. Kinsley's letter and previous paper' leave many questions unanswered.The technique of anticipating stroke volume and tailoring the prosthetic valve to that stroke volume is not described.The belief that favorable hemodynamic characteristics are actually enhanced is not based on data that have been presented.Although gradients obtained at surgery are cited, calculated prosthetic valve areas and valve area indices of patients studied some weeks or months after surgery have not been presented.It would also be of interest to know how many patients had aortic valve replacement without use of this technique during the same period of time when the 52 patients were operated on with use of this technique.There have been two deaths with the use of this technique, and some patients already have aortic incompetence; moreover, the device is inserted in an abnormal position.Before one is convinced that the technique is safe and effective, one should know: 1) the long-term mortality and morbidity of patients so treated and the data analyzed with the use of actuarial techniques;5 and 2) the results of detailed hemodynamic evaluation which provide information about prosthetic valve areas, frequency and severity of valvular regurgi- tation and about ventricular performance.
John Robert Hearnshaw
Authors: P. McNally, H. Hearnshaw
Journal: BMJ (2008)

After national service, John Robert Hearnshaw qualified at the Middlesex in 1958, with a first class BSc intercalated degree in physiology. He also served as resident medical officer at the Middlesex. He moved to Leicester in 1967 to succeed Dr Joan Walker, having learnt his diabetes as Sir John Nabarro’s registrar. Although his work covered all ages, his particular interest was always in the management of diabetes in childhood.

John’s practice was to make a home visit on the same day as the initial phone call from the general practitioner. Thus, the whole family was involved from the start and hospital admission was usually avoided. He would comment that “the first consultation was time consuming and could not be hurried. Day 1 was of major significance and may colour the child’s and the family’s attitude towards diabetes …
The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists
Authors: A. Moscrop
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Sixpence ha’penny an hour; one pound, one shilling, and eight pence a week: these starvation wages buy the lives of Robert Tressell’s working men, painters, and decorators, who live in poverty and constant fear of being “stood off” from the job. The novel’s proletarian protagonists eat bread and margarine, inherit cast off shoes, pawn their possessions, take in lodgers, or take cheaper lodgings to save themselves from destitution. And they die young, from accidents in the workplace or exhaustion in the workhouse.

“There’s always been rich and poor in the world and there always will be,” they opine, yielding to the exploitation of their back breaking employers, rack renting landlords, and the monopolists of …
Growth hormone and bile acid synthesis. Key role for the activity of hepatic microsomal cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase in the rat.
Authors: M Rudling, P Parini, B Angelin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Growth hormone (GH) has an important role in the regulation of hepatic LDL receptor expression and plasma lipoprotein levels. This investigation was undertaken to characterize the effects of GH on hepatic cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the rat. In hypophysectomized (Hx) rats, the activities of the rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol and bile acid biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG CoA reductase) and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (C7alphaOH), were reduced by 71 and 64%, respectively. HMG CoA reductase mRNA levels were reduced by 37%, whereas C7alphaOH mRNA was increased by 81%. LDL receptor expression was reduced by 18% in Hx rats, without any change in the LDL receptor mRNA levels. Although the normal diurnal variation of C7alphaOH activity was preserved in Hx rats, the activity of C7alphaOH was much reduced both at midday and midnight. Total hepatic cholesterol was increased by 14% in Hx animals whereas microsomal cholesterol was unchanged. The rate of cholesterol esterification was enhanced (by 38%) in liver microsomes from Hx rats. Stepwise hormonal substitution of Hx rats showed that GH, but not thyroid hormone or cortisone, was essential to normalize the enzymatic activity of C7alphaOH. GH also normalized the altered plasma lipoprotein pattern in Hx rats, and increased the fecal output of bile acids. The latter effect was particularly evident when GH was combined with cortisone and thyroid hormone. Also in normal rats, GH stimulated C7alphaOH activity. In conclusion, GH has an essential role to maintain a normal enzymatic activity of C7alphaOH, and this, at least in part, explains the effects of GH on hepatic cholesterol metabolism. GH is also of critical importance to normalize the altered plasma lipoprotein pattern in Hx rats.
Elevated Serum Creatine Kinase Levels in Diabetic Patients with the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: PIERRE F. FAUBERT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1987Elevated Serum Creatine Kinase Levels in Diabetic Patients with the Nephrotic SyndromePIERRE F. FAUBERT, M.D., JEROME G. PORUSH, M.D.PIERRE F. FAUBERT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEROME G. PORUSH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-5-786_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Taniyama and colleagues (1) reported elevated serum creatine kinase levels in nine patients with diabetes mellitus and the nephrotic syndrome, seven of whom had renal insufficiency. All patients were edematous when creatine kinase was elevated and after loss of edema creatine kinase returned to or toward normal. The authors implied that elevated creatine kinase was, in part, due to edema and that this association was specific for diabetics. It would be of interest to know if their patients were started on calcium and vitamin D concomitantly with the treatment of edema. In our experience, such patients have...References1. TANIYAMAYOHASABAMARUYAMATAKEIKATAOKA MSYTIK. Elevated serum creatinine kinase level in diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome: a role of fluid retention. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:711-2. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MALLUCHOGOLDSTEINMASSRY HDS. Osteomalacia and hyperparathyroid bone disease in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 1979;63:494-500. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DENTSTANP CT. Vitamin D, rickets and osteomalacia. In: AVIOLI LV, KRANEE SM, eds. Metabolic Bone Disease. New York: Academic Press; 1977;237-305. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. KILOVOGLERWILLIAMSON CNJ. Muscle capillary basement membrane changes related to aging and to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 1972;21:881-905. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Nephrology-Hypertension The Brookdale Hospital Medical Center Brooklyn, NY 11212 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCreatine Kinase Elevation, Lactacidemia, and Metabolic Myopathy in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus 1 November 1987Volume 107, Issue 5Page: 786-786KeywordsCalciumCreatine kinaseDiabetes mellitusEdemaVitamin D Issue Published: 1 November 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE SEPARATION OF TYPES AMONG THE PNEUMOCOCCI HITHERTO CALLED GROUP IV AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTIC ANTISERUMS FOR THESE TYPES
Authors: Georgia Cooper, Marguerite Edwards, Carolyn Rosenstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

The pneumococci hitherto known as Group IV have been separated into ten types which have been designated by Roman numerals from IV to XIII. These have been correlated as far as possible with the types described by others. The prevalence and mortality of cases due to each type have been estimated in the limited number of cases studied. Laboratory tests indicated that therapeutic antiserums for Types I, II and III have very little protective power against the recently separated types. Monovalent antiserums of high agglutinative and protective power were prepared in rabbits for each type. Several monovalent antiserums each specific for a type, which are suitable for agglutination and experimental therapeutic use, have been obtained by immunizing horses. An antiserum prepared for one type had very little cross-protective power against other types.