tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DIFFUSE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS PRODUCED IN RABBITS BY MASSIVE INJECTIONS OF BOVINE SERUM GAMMA GLOBULIN
Authors: Robert H. More, Douglas Waugh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

A high incidence of acute diffuse glomerulitis was produced in unilaterally nephrectomized rabbits by injection with two successive doses of purified bovine serum gamma globulin (fraction II). This experimental nephritis is morphologically analogous to human acute and subacute diffuse glomerulonephritis. The technique described is advanced as a valuable experimental method in the study of the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis. Qualitative immunological investigations produced no evidence that the pathogenesis of experimental globulin nephritis is mediated by kidney autoantibodies. The rôle of hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of nephritis is discussed. During the 1st week of the development of experimental globulin nephritis there is a significant increase in blood coagulability, as shown by a lowering of the mean coagulation time in globulin-treated animals during this period. This observation has not been reported previously. The possible relation of this increased blood coagulability to the formation of coagula in the glomerular capillaries is discussed. The injection of a single purified antigen (bovine serum gamma globulin) produced three distinct types of lesion, diffuse glomerulitis, focal granulomata of the heart valves and valve rings, and coronary arteritis.
Clinical course of cirrhosis in young adults and therapeutic potential of liver transplantation.
Authors: J J Keating, R D Johnson, P J Johnson, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1985)

The lack of information on survival in young adults with cirrhosis and the increasing use of liver transplantation in this age group have led us to carry out a retrospective analysis of the clinical course and survival in 83 young adults aged between 15 and 30 years presenting to the Liver Unit between 1970 and 1983. Fifty four (65%) patients had cirrhosis at initial presentation and in the remaining 29 (35%) this developed within the study period. The overall five year survival of the group, excluding 14 cases treated by transplantation, was 70%. When considered according to aetiological groups this was 83% in those with chronic active hepatitis, 60% in those with cryptogenic cirrhosis and 37% in Wilson9s disease. When considered in relation to Child9s grading, only three deaths occurred in the 45 patients with well-compensated liver disease (Child9s grade A and B). Of the 38 patients with Child9s grade C, 20 (83%) of the 24 patients not undergoing transplantation have died, whereas eight (57%) of the 14 receiving liver grafts are alive and well.
The Design Within: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Shakespeare
Authors: Natalie Shainess
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The concise but profundly meaningful title sets the tone for this elegant anthology of psychoanalytic essays on Shakespearean characters, plays, and symbols. Each essay is preceded by an orienting introductory comment by the editor, which helps the reader plunge into the area of thought. Dr. Faber occasionally writes a brief—and excellent—summation of the issues covered by an essay, and has himself contributed a chapter on the oedipal patterns in<i>Henry IV</i>. It was fascinating for this reviewer to read again the conceptions of Freud and Ernest Jones about Hamlet—perhaps one of the most complicated characters ever created— and one to whom the book devotes a large part of its concern. Here, although strictly psychoanalytic, the language is easily understandable and eminently readable, in contrast to the expressive mode of many of Freud's later disciples. It is possible, in a sense, to trace the evolution of psychoanalytic and psychiatric thought through
Electrolyte and Nitrogen Relationships in the Spirolactone-induced Natriuresis in Cirrhosis.
Authors: W. W. Faloon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Electrolyte and Nitrogen Relationships in the Spirolactone-induced Natriuresis in Cirrhosis.W. W. Faloon, M.D., (Assoc.), S. Ohanessian, M.D., F. F. Taylor, M.D.W. W. Faloon, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, S. Ohanessian, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. F. Taylor, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1063_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe use of aldosterone blocking agents (spirolactones) for natriuresis in ascitic patients has been well demonstrated. Since low sodium and high potassium intakes stimulate aldosterone production the effect of variations in electrolyte intake upon the natriuretic effect of Aldactone (spironolactone) has been studied. In addition, by balance technics, the effect of this agent and of ascitic fluid mobilization upon nitrogen and electrolyte metabolism has been determined.In four patients given spironolactone (400 mg. daily) and low sodium diets (10 to 20 mEq.), raising potassium intake from 80 mEq. daily to 160 mEq. increased sodium excretion by 50% or more with... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Watertown, N. Y. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnti-Aldosterones 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1063-1063KeywordsAldosteroneCirrhosisDietExcretionNatriuretic peptidesNitrogen metabolismPotassiumSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Psychopathology in Adolescent Offspring of Parents With Panic Disorder, Major Depression, or Both: A 10-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Dina R. Hirshfeld-Becker, Jamie A. Micco, Aude Henin, Carter Petty, Stephen V. Faraone, Heather Mazursky, Lindsey Bruett, Jerrold F. Rosenbaum, Joseph Biederman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

The authors examined the specificity and course of psychiatric disorders from early childhood through adolescence in offspring of parents with confirmed panic disorder and major depressive disorder.The authors examined rates of psychiatric disorders at 10-year-follow-up (mean age, 14 years) in four groups: offspring of referred parents with panic and depression (N=137), offspring of referred parents with panic without depression (N=26), offspring of referred parents with depression without panic (N=48), and offspring of nonreferred parents with neither disorder (N=80). Follow-up assessments relied on structured interviews with the adolescents and their mothers; diagnoses were rated present if endorsed by either.Parental panic disorder, independently of parental depression, predicted lifetime rates in offspring of multiple anxiety disorders, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Parental depression independently predicted offspring bipolar, drug use, and disruptive behavior disorders. Parental panic and depression interacted to predict specific phobia and major depressive disorder. Phobias were elevated in all at-risk groups, and depression was elevated in both offspring groups of parents with depression (with or without panic disorder), with the highest rates in the offspring of parents with depression only. Parental depression independently predicted new onset of depression, parental panic disorder independently predicted new onset of social phobia, and the two interacted to predict new onset of specific phobia and generalized anxiety disorder.At-risk offspring continue to develop new disorders as they progress through adolescence. These results support the need to screen and monitor the offspring of adults presenting for treatment of panic disorder or major depressive disorder.
Combined Effect of Mussel‐Inspired Surface Modification and Topographical Cues on the Behavior of Skeletal Myoblasts
Authors: Sook Hee Ku, Chan Beum Park
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

The combined effect of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) surface functionalization and topographical cues on the behavior of skeletal myoblasts is described. On PDA-modified nanofibers, myogenic protein expression and the fusion of myoblasts are increased significantly compared with those on unmodified nanofibers. The multinucleate myotubes on the aligned nanofibers are oriented in a direction parallel to the nanofibers.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Refractory to Standard Therapy
Authors: David Nordstrom
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To  Editor.—  In  article by Dr Wilder 1 about  treatment of rheumatoid arthritis refractory to standard therapy,  author states that if allopurinol and azathioprine are used together the azathioprine dose must be reduced by about 25%. The Physician's Desk Reference and other sources 2 clearly state that when given with allopurinol,  dose of azathioprine should be reduced by 75% or to a dose 25% of  original dose.  Failure to make  appropriate adjustment in azathioprine dose when it is used concomitantly with allopurinol could lead to profound bone marrow suppression and death in some cases. 3 A safe approach is simply to avoid  simultaneous use of these two agents.  Also, Dr Wilder correctly notes that serum liver enzyme levels are not helpful in predicting development of fibrosis of  liver in patients being treated with methotrexate. He then claims that twofold to threefold
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF N-TERMINAL PRO-BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Jang Hoon Lee, Kyun Hee Kim, Won Suk Choi, Sun Hee Park, Myung Hwan Bae, Dong Heon Yang, Hun Sik Park, Yongkeun Cho, Shung Chull Chae
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Kinetocardiographic Changes in Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: E. E. EDDLEMAN
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Patients with myocardial infarctions may show a paradoxic precordial outward systolic movement that can be recorded by the kineto-cardiographic technic and often is felt at the bedside. Three types of changes occur. The first is an early systolic outward movement, which is abnormally long in duration but not sustained throughout systole. The second is a sustained outward movement during systole called a "bulge," and the third is a late systolic outward movement. Bulges can be recorded in approximately two thirds of the patients with known infarctions with the largest outward movement most frequently noted in or near the V 3 area. A few patients with angina may have a bulge at rest; however, apparently about 30 per cent develop a bulge on exercise.
Evidence and Clinical Relevance of Tumor Flare in Patients Who Discontinue Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Roberto Iacovelli, Francesco Massari, Laurence Albiges, Yohann Loriot, Christophe Massard, Karim Fizazi, Bernard Escudier
Journal: European Urology (2014)
<i>Lucubrationes</i>
Authors: Wilfred W. Forbes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

IT is told that before the invention of the telephone a large Boston hospital had a communication system that in the house officers' quarters consisted of six speaking tubes, each with a bell that could be jangled with a cord. One night the supervisor inadvertently jangled the six bells together, and shortly six tired voices simultaneously ordered, "Give him a quarter of morphine."It does often seem that the administration of morphine allays practically all the ills of the night. If that is true, how great an easement to the combined effort of responding to the night call and of . . .
The transmission of OXPHOS disease and methods to prevent this
Authors: L.J.A.M. Jacobs, G. de Wert, J.P.M. Geraedts, I.F.M. de Coo, H.J.M. Smeets
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2005)

Diseases owing to defects of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) affect approximately 1 in 8000 individuals. Clinical manifestations can be extremely variable and range from single-affected tissues to multisystemic syndromes. In general, tissues with a high energy demand, like brain, heart and muscle, are affected. The OXPHOS system is under dual genetic control, and mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial genes can cause OXPHOS diseases. The expression and segregation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations is different from nuclear gene defects. The mtDNA mutations can be either homoplasmic or heteroplasmic and in the latter case disease becomes manifest when the mutation exceeds a tissue-specific threshold. This mutation load can vary between tissues and often an exact correlation between mutation load and phenotypic expression is lacking. The transmission of mtDNA mutations is exclusively maternal, but the mutation load between embryos can vary tremendously because of a segregational bottleneck. Diseases by nuclear gene mutations show a normal Mendelian inheritance pattern and often have a more constant clinical manifestation. Given the prevalence and severity of OXPHOS disorders and the lack of adequate therapy, existing and new methods for the prevention of transmission of OXPHOS disorders, like prenatal diagnosis (PND), preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), cytoplasmic transfer (CT) and nuclear transfer (NT), are technically and ethically evaluated.
Molecular basis for membrane rigidity of hereditary ovalocytosis. A novel mechanism involving the cytoplasmic domain of band 3.
Authors: N Mohandas, R Winardi, D Knowles, A Leung, M Parra, E George, J Conboy, J Chasis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Hereditary ovalocytic red cells are characterized by a marked increase in membrane rigidity and resistance to invasion by malarial parasites. The underlying molecular defect in ovalocytes remained a mystery until Liu and colleagues (N. Engl. J. Med. 1990. 323:1530-38) made the surprising observation that the ovalocytic phenotype was linked to a structural polymorphism in band 3, the anion transporter. We have now defined the mutation in band 3 gene and established the biophysical sequelae of this mutation. This mutation involves the deletion of amino-acids 400-408 in the boundary between the cytoplasmic and the first transmembrane domains of band 3. The biophysical consequences of this mutation are a marked decrease in lateral mobility of band 3 and an increase in membrane rigidity. Based on these findings, we propose the following model for increased membrane rigidity. The mutation induces a conformational change in the cytoplasmic domain of band 3, leading to its entanglement in the skeletal protein network. This entanglement inhibits the normal unwinding and stretching of the spectrin tetramers necessary for membrane extension, leading to increased rigidity. These findings imply that the cytoplasmic domain of an integral membrane protein can have profound effects on membrane material behavior.
Genomic Profiling of MicroRNA and Messenger RNA Reveals Deregulated MicroRNA Expression in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Stefan Ambs, Robyn L. Prueitt, Ming Yi, Robert S. Hudson, Tiffany M. Howe, Fabio Petrocca, Tiffany A. Wallace, Chang-Gong Liu, Stefano Volinia, George A. Calin, Harris G. Yfantis, Robert M. Stephens, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of protein-coding genes. To evaluate the involvement of microRNAs in prostate cancer, we determined genome-wide expression of microRNAs and mRNAs in 60 primary prostate tumors and 16 nontumor prostate tissues. The mRNA analysis revealed that key components of microRNA processing and several microRNA host genes, e.g., MCM7 and C9orf5, were significantly up-regulated in prostate tumors. Consistent with these findings, tumors expressed the miR-106b-25 cluster, which maps to intron 13 of MCM7, and miR-32, which maps to intron 14 of C9orf5, at significantly higher levels than nontumor prostate. The expression levels of other microRNAs, including a number of miR-106b-25 cluster homologues, were also altered in prostate tumors. Additional differences in microRNA abundance were found between organ-confined tumors and those with extraprostatic disease extension. Lastly, we found evidence that some microRNAs are androgen-regulated and that tumor microRNAs influence transcript abundance of protein-coding target genes in the cancerous prostate. In cell culture, E2F1 and p21/WAF1 were identified as targets of miR-106b, Bim of miR-32, and exportin-6 and protein tyrosine kinase 9 of miR-1. In summary, microRNA expression becomes altered with the development and progression of prostate cancer. Some of these microRNAs regulate the expression of cancer-related genes in prostate cancer cells.
A STUDY OF IPRONIAZID TREATMENT IN CHRONIC AKINETIC PATIENTS
Authors: JOHN A. BELISLE, MERLIN C. TOWNLEY, V. L. KOZLOWSKI, PIERRE MARTEL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

One hundred chronic, withdrawn, akinetic, psychotic patients were given iproniazid in hopes of making them more accessible to group interaction and more manageable. We did not find the drug helpful in those patients whose affect was characterized by apathy and flatness. On the other hand, the drug appeared to be definitely useful in one-half of those cases where the primary symptom was depression. Serious side effects may result from the drug and dosage must be very carefully adjusted for each patient.
A case of early gastric cancer accompanied by a hamartomatous inverted polyp and successfully managed with endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: S. Ono, T. Kamoshida, Y. Hiroshima, A. Okawara, T. Matsuo, N. Kakinoki, A. Ishikawa, Y. Kishimoto, S. Hirai, Y. Oka, T. Shimokama
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A submucosal tumor (SMT) was found during a regular health check-up in a 59-year-old man. Following barium meal study the SMT was shown to be growing. He visited our hospital for further examination.
The Cell: Its Organelles and Inclusions
Authors: Earl P. Benditt
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Everyone interested in histology and cytology, in histopathology and cytopathology, has eagerly been looking for a thorough presentation of the revelations possible with the electron microscope. Although several brief introductions to cell structure have been published before this atlas, none has provided the detailed and systematic approach seen in this volume. The book has three main divisions. The first section presents the principal organelles including nucleus, centrioles, mitochondria, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, microbodies, microtubules and filaments found in different cell types. The section on cell inclusions describes various secretory products, pigments, glycogen, lipid, and crystalline inclusions. The final section takes up various specializations in the structure of the cell surface, as seen in different cell types. The material covered is quite comprehensive and no important items have been omitted, with the exception of the extracellular substances such as elastin and collagen. The excellent illustrations, generally full-page in size, have
Moderating the Rise in Health-Care Costs
Authors: Anne R. Somers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

A Pragmatic BeginningAs confidence wanes in both "regulation" and "procompetition" as panaceas to control health-care costs, even representatives of leading health-maintenance organizations are warning against competition.1 However, the latest buzz word, "tiering" — a euphemism for restoring the status quo ante Medicare and Medicaid and legitimizing a two-class system of care — is just as inappropriate as resistance to all change in the hope of maintaining the present status quo.Although it has suddenly become respectable to advocate a two-class system of care and to consign the elderly, along with the poor, to the lower class,2 such an approach . . .
Coming round to recycling
Authors: D. C J Hutchins, S. M White
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Single-cell genomics are enabling technologies, but their broad clinical application remains challenging. We report an easily adaptable approach for single-cell transcriptome and T cell receptor (TCR)-sequencing, and matched whole-genome sequencing from tiny, frozen clinical specimens. We achieve similar quality and biological outputs while reducing artifactual signals compared to data from matched fresh tissue samples. Profiling sequentially collected melanoma samples from the KEYNOTE-001 trial, we resolve cellular, genomic, and clonotype dynamics that encapsulate molecular patterns of tumor evolution during anti-PD-1 therapy. To demonstrate applicability to banked biospecimens of rare diseases, we generate a large uveal melanoma liver metastasis single-cell and matched WGS atlas, which revealed niche-specific impairment of clonal T cell expansion. This study provides a foundational framework for propelling single-cell genomics to the clinical arena.
Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life.
Authors: D J Barker, A R Bull, C Osmond, S J Simmonds
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To study the effect of intrauterine growth and maternal physique on blood pressure in adult life.A follow up study of infants born 50 years previously whose measurements at birth were recorded in detail.Preston, Lancashire.449 Men and women born in hospital in Preston during 1935-43 and still living in Lancashire.Placental weight, birth weight, and blood pressure at age 46 to 54 years.In both sexes systolic and diastolic pressures were strongly related to placental weight and birth weight. Mean systolic pressure rose by 15 mm Hg as placental weight increased from less than or equal to 1 lb (0.45 kg) to greater than 1.5 lb and fell by 11 mm Hg as birth weight increased from less than or equal to 5.5 lb to greater than 7.5 lb. These relations were independent so that the highest blood pressures occurred in people who had been small babies with large placentas. Higher body mass index and alcohol consumption were also associated with higher blood pressure, but the relations of placental weight and birth weight to blood pressure and hypertension were independent of these influences.These findings show for the first time that the intrauterine environment has an important effect on blood pressure and hypertension in adults. The highest blood pressures occurred in men and women who had been small babies with large placentas. Such discordance between placental and fetal size may lead to circulatory adaptation in the fetus, altered arterial structure in the child, and hypertension in the adult. Prevention of hypertension may depend on improving the nutrition and health of mothers.