tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of MicroRNA Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinomas with Hepatitis Infection, Cirrhosis, and Patient Survival
Authors: Jinmai Jiang, Yuriy Gusev, Ileana Aderca, Teresa A. Mettler, David M. Nagorney, Daniel J. Brackett, Lewis R. Roberts, Thomas D. Schmittgen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: MicroRNA (miRNA) is a new class of small, noncoding RNA. The purpose of this study was to determine if miRNAs are differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental Design: More than 200 precursor and mature miRNAs were profiled by real-time PCR in 43 and 28 pairs of HCC and adjacent benign liver, respectively, and in normal liver specimens. Results: Several miRNAs including miR-199a, miR-21, and miR-301 were differentially expressed in the tumor compared with adjacent benign liver. A large number of mature and precursor miRNAs were up-regulated in the adjacent benign liver specimens that were both cirrhotic and hepatitis-positive compared with the uninfected, noncirrhotic specimens (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Interestingly, all of the miRNAs in this comparison had increased expression and none were decreased. The expression of 95 randomly selected mRNAs was not significantly altered in the cirrhotic and hepatitis-positive specimens, suggesting a preferential increase in the transcription of miRNA. Comparing the miRNA expression in the HCC tumors with patient's survival time revealed two groups of patients; those with predominantly lower miRNA expression and poor survival and those with predominantly higher miRNA expression and good survival (P &amp;lt; 0.05). A set of 19 miRNAs significantly correlated with disease outcome. A number of biological processes including cell division, mitosis, and G1-S transition were predicted to be targets of the 19 miRNAs in this group. Conclusion: We show that a global increase in the transcription of miRNA genes occurs in cirrhotic and hepatitis-positive livers and that miRNA expression may prognosticate disease outcome in HCC.
Bacterial overgrowth during treatment with omeprazole compared with cimetidine: a prospective randomised double blind study.
Authors: J Thorens, F Froehlich, W Schwizer, E Saraga, J Bille, K Gyr, P Duroux, M Nicolet, B Pignatelli, A L Blum, J J Gonvers, M Fried
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND: Gastric and duodenal bacterial overgrowth frequently occurs in conditions where diminished acid secretion is present. Omeprazole inhibits acid secretion more effectively than cimetidine and might therefore more frequently cause bacterial overgrowth. AIM: This controlled prospective study compared the incidence of gastric and duodenal bacterial overgrowth in patients treated with omeprazole or cimetidine. METHODS: 47 outpatients with peptic disease were randomly assigned to a four week treatment regimen with omeprazole 20 mg or cimetidine 800 mg daily. Gastric and duodenal juice were obtained during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and plated for anaerobic and aerobic organisms. RESULTS: Bacterial overgrowth (&gt; or = 10(5) cfu/ml) was present in 53% of the patients receiving omeprazole and in 17% receiving cimetidine (p &lt; 0.05). The mean (SEM) number of gastric and duodenal bacterial counts was 6.0 (0.2) and 5.0 (0.2) respectively in the omeprazole group and 4.0 (0.2) and 4.0 (0.1) in the cimetidine group (p &lt; 0.001 and &lt; 0.01; respectively). Faecal type bacteria were found in 30% of the patients with bacterial overgrowth. Basal gastric pH was higher in patients treated with omeprazole compared with cimetidine (4.2 (0.5) versus 2.0 (0.2); p &lt; 0.001) and in patients with bacterial overgrowth compared with those without bacterial overgrowth (5.1 (0.6) versus 2.0 (0.1); p &lt; 0.0001). The nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamine values in gastric juice did not increase after treatment with either cimetidine or omeprazole. Serum concentrations of vitamin B12, beta carotene, and albumin were similar before and after treatment with both drugs. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the incidence of gastric and duodenal bacterial overgrowth is considerably higher in patients treated with omeprazole compared with cimetidine. This can be explained by more pronounced inhibition of gastric acid secretion. No patient developed signs of malabsorption or an increase of N-nitroso compounds. The clinical significance of these findings needs to be assessed in studies with long-term treatment with omeprazole, in particular in patients belonging to high risk groups such as HIV infected and intensive care units patients.
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults With Low-Titer GAD Antibodies: Similar Disease Progression With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lingjiao Liu, Xia Li, Yufei Xiang, Gan Huang, Jian Lin, Lin Yang, Yunjuan Zhao, Zhifang Yang, Can Hou, Yijun Li, Jie Liu, Dalong Zhu, R. David Leslie, Xiangbing Wang, Zhiguang Zhou
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship between GAD autoantibody (GADA) titers and changing of β-cell function in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This 3-year prospective study enrolled 95 subjects from 15 Chinese cities including 25 high-titer (GADA ≥180 units/mL) LADA patients, 42 low-titer (GADA &amp;lt;180 units/mL) LADA patients, and 28 type 2 diabetic patients, the latter two groups as controls of similar age, sex, and BMI. Clinical characteristics were determined annually, including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting C-peptide (FCP), and 2-h postprandial C-peptide (PCP). RESULTS Despite similar initial FCP and PCP, FCP and PCP both decreased more in subjects with high GADA titer (FCP from mean 0.49 nmol/L at entry to 0.13 nmol/L at the third year; P &amp;lt; 0.05) than with low GADA titer (FCP from mean 0.48 to 0.38 nmol/L) and type 2 diabetes (FCP from mean 0.47 to 0.36 nmol/L); the latter two groups being similar. After 3 years, residual β-cell function (FCP &amp;gt;0.2 nmol/L) was detected in only 42% with an initial high GADA titer compared with 90% with a low GADA titer and 97% with type 2 diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.01 for both). GADA positivity at the third year persisted more in subjects with initially high GADA (92%) than with low GADA (26%) titers (P &amp;lt; 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In selected LADA patients, initial GADA titers identified subjects with different degrees of persistent autoimmunity and disease progression. LADA patients with a low GADA titer had metabolic phenotypes and loss of β-cell function similar to type 2 diabetic patients.
Cat allergen level: Its determinants and relationship to specific IgE to cat across European centers
Authors: Joachim Heinrich, Getahun Bero Bedada, Jan-Paul Zock, Susan Chinn, Dan Norbäck, Mario Olivieri, Cecilie Svanes, Michela Ponzio, Giuseppe Verlato, Simona Villani, Deborah Jarvis, Christina Luczynska
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Fragmentation and Unpredictability of Early-Life Experience in Mental Disorders
Authors: Tallie Z. Baram, Elysia P. Davis, Andre Obenaus, Curt A. Sandman, Steven L. Small, Ana Solodkin, Hal Stern
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Maternal sensory signals in early life play a crucial role in programming the structure and function of the developing brain, promoting vulnerability or resilience to emotional and cognitive disorders. In rodent models of early-life stress, fragmentation and unpredictability of maternally derived sensory signals provoke persistent cognitive and emotional dysfunction in offspring. Similar variability and inconsistency of maternal signals during both gestation and early postnatal human life may influence development of emotional and cognitive functions, including those that underlie later depression and anxiety.
A comparative study of rural athletes of four states of India.
Authors: D. P. Bhatnagar, R. Grewal
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

In the present study 22 rural athletes of four different states of India have been studied for 23 anthropometric parameters--weight, height, sitting height, six diameters, six circumferences and eight skin and subcutaneous tissue folds. Rural athletes of Punjab and Haryana have been found to be comparable pertaining to all the anthropometric variables. Athletes of Madhya Pradesh show minimum values for most of the variables. The order of best anthropometry is athletes of Punjab and Haryana followed by Assam and Madhya Pradesh. Athletes of Madhya Pradesh are lacking behind in all the parameters except skin and subcutaneous tissue folds as compared to athletes of Assam.
A Phase I Pharmacokinetic and Biological Correlative Study of IMP321, a Novel MHC Class II Agonist, in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chrystelle Brignone, Bernard Escudier, Caroline Grygar, Manon Marcu, Frédéric Triebel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of IMP321, a recombinant soluble LAG-3Ig fusion protein which agonizes MHC class II–driven dendritic cell activation. Experimental Design: Patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma were treated with escalating doses of IMP321 s.c. Blood samples were assayed to determine plasma pharmacokinetic parameters, detect human anti-IMP321 antibody formation, and determine long-lived CD8 T cell responses. Results: Twenty-one advanced renal cell carcinoma patients received 119 injections of IMP321 at doses ranging from 0.050 to 30 mg/injection s.c. biweekly for 6 injections. No clinically significant adverse events were observed. Good systemic exposure to the product was obtained following s.c. injections of doses above 6 mg. IMP321 induced both sustained CD8 T-cell activation and an increase in the percentage of long-lived effector-memory CD8 T cells in all patients at doses above 6 mg. Tumor growth was reduced and progression-free survival was better in those patients receiving higher doses (&amp;gt;6 mg) of IMP321: 7 of 8 evaluable patients treated at the higher doses experienced stable disease at 3 months compared with only 3 of 11 in the lower dose group (P = 0.015). Conclusion: The absence of toxicity and the demonstration of activity at doses above 6 mg warrant further disease-directed studies of IMP321 in combined regimens (e.g., chemoimmunotherapy). (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(19):6225–31)
Neutrophils isolated from the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: priming and activation in vivo.
Authors: H L Nurcombe, R C Bucknall, S W Edwards
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

The oxidative metabolism of neutrophils isolated from the bloodstream and synovial fluid of 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was compared by measuring the ability of neutrophils to generate luminol dependent chemiluminescence and to secrete O2-. Measurements of receptor mediated--that is, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine stimulated--activation or receptor and second message independent--that is phorbol myristate acetate stimulated--activation showed that synovial fluid neutrophils had biochemical characteristics to suggest that they had been either up-regulated (primed) or down-regulated (activated) in vivo. These conclusions were confirmed by comparison of these responses with the changes in oxidative metabolism observed during in vitro priming and activation of control neutrophils: synovial fluid neutrophils possessed lower levels of myeloperoxidase than paired bloodstream cells, and unlike bloodstream cells could not be primed in vitro. These data thus suggest that synovial fluid neutrophils have been exposed to both priming and activating agents within rheumatoid joints.
Clinical Outcomes With Drug-Eluting and Bare-Metal Stents in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tullio Palmerini, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Diego Della Riva, Andrea Mariani, Manel Sabaté, Marco Valgimigli, Giacomo Frati, Elvin Kedhi, Pieter C. Smits, Christoph Kaiser, Philippe Genereux, Soren Galatius, Ajay J. Kirtane, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Male Germ Cell–Associated Kinase, a Male-Specific Kinase Regulated by Androgen, Is a Coactivator of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Ai-Hong Ma, Liang Xia, Sonal J. Desai, David L. Boucher, Yi Guan, Hsiu-Ming Shih, Xu-Bao Shi, Ralph W. deVere White, Hong-Wu Chen, Cliff G. Tepper, Hsing-Jien Kung
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-induced transcriptional factor, which plays an important role in the normal development of prostate as well as in the progression of prostate cancer. Numerous coactivators, which associate with AR and function to remodel chromatin and recruit RNA polymerase II to enhance the transcriptional potential of AR, have been identified. Among these coactivators, few are protein kinases. In this study, we describe the characterization of a novel protein kinase, male germ cell–associated kinase (MAK), which serves as a coactivator of AR. We present evidence, which indicates that (a) MAK physically associates with AR (MAK and AR are found to be coprecipitated from cell extracts, colocalized in nucleus, and corecruited to prostate-specific antigen promoter in LNCaP as well as in transfected cells); (b) MAK is able to enhance AR transactivation potential in an androgen- and kinase-dependent manner in several prostate cancer cells and synergize with ACTR/steroid receptor coactivator-3 coactivator; (c) small hairpin RNA (shRNA) knocks down MAK expression resulting in the reduction of AR transactivation ability; (d) MAK-shRNA or kinase-dead mutant, when introduced into LNCaP cells, reduces the growth of the cells; and (e) microarray analysis of LNCaP cells carrying kinase-dead MAK mutant showed a significant impediment of AR signaling, indicating that endogenous MAK plays a general role in AR function in prostate cancer cells and likely to be a general coactivator of AR in prostate tissues. The highly restricted expression of this kinase makes it a potentially useful target for intervention of androgen independence. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(17): 8439-47)
Human cardiac mesoangioblasts isolated from hypertrophic cardiomyopathies are greatly reduced in proliferation and differentiation potency
Authors: B. G. Galvez, D. Covarello, R. Tolorenzi, S. Brunelli, A. Dellavalle, S. Crippa, S. A. A. Mohammed, L. Scialla, I. Cuccovillo, F. Molla, L. Staszewsky, F. Maisano, M. Sampaolesi, R. Latini, G. Cossu
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

AimsOur objective was to test whether progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation potential may vary depending upon the disease of the donor.
Coexpression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and PDGF-receptor genes by primary human astrocytomas may contribute to their development and maintenance.
Authors: M Maxwell, S P Naber, H J Wolfe, T Galanopoulos, E T Hedley-Whyte, P M Black, H N Antoniades
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

The present studies investigated the expression of the two PDGF genes (c-sis/PDGF-2 and PDGF-1) and the PDGF-receptor b gene (PDGF-R) in 34 primary human astrocytomas. Northern blot analysis demonstrated the coexpression of the c-sis/PDGF-2 protooncogene and the PDGF-R gene in all astrocytomas examined. The majority of the tumors also expressed the PDGF-1 gene. There was no correlation between the expression of the two PDGF genes. Nonmalignant human brain tissue expressed the PDGF-R and PDGF-1 genes but not the c-sis/PDGF-2 protooncogene. In situ hybridization of astrocytoma tissue localized the expression of the c-sis and PDGF-R mRNA's in tumor cells. Capillary endothelial cells also expressed c-sis mRNA. In contrast, nonmalignant human brain tissue expressed only PDGF-R mRNA but not c-sis/PDGF-2 mRNA. The coexpression of a potent mitogenic growth factor protooncogene (c-sis) and its receptor gene in astrocytoma tumor cells suggests the presence of an autocrine mechanism that may contribute to the development and maintenance of astrocytomas. The expression of c-sis mRNA in tumor cells but not in nonmalignant brain cells may serve as an additional diagnostic criterion for the detection of astrocytomas in small tissue specimen using in situ hybridization for the detection of c-sis mRNA and/or immunostaining for the recognition of its protein product.
Dominant-negative mutations of CEBPA, encoding CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα), in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Thomas Pabst, Beatrice U. Mueller, Pu Zhang, Hanna S. Radomska, Sailaja Narravula, Susanne Schnittger, Gerhard Behre, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Daniel G. Tenen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Genomic and genetic analyses of diversity and plant interactions of Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Mark W Silby, Ana M Cerdeño-Tárraga, Georgios S Vernikos, Stephen R Giddens, Robert W Jackson, Gail M Preston, Xue-Xian Zhang, Christina D Moon, Stefanie M Gehrig, Scott AC Godfrey, Christopher G Knight, Jacob G Malone, Zena Robinson, Andrew J Spiers, Simon Harris, Gregory L Challis, Alice M Yaxley, David Harris, Kathy Seeger, Lee Murphy, Simon Rutter, Rob Squares, Michael A Quail, Elizabeth Saunders, Konstantinos Mavromatis, Thomas S Brettin, Stephen D Bentley, Joanne Hothersall, Elton Stephens, Christopher M Thomas, Julian Parkhill, Stuart B Levy, Paul B Rainey, Nicholas R Thomson
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Pseudomonas fluorescens are common soil bacteria that can improve plant health through nutrient cycling, pathogen antagonism and induction of plant defenses. The genome sequences of strains SBW25 and Pf0-1 were determined and compared to each other and with P. fluorescens Pf-5. A functional genomic in vivo expression technology (IVET) screen provided insight into genes used by P. fluorescens in its natural environment and an improved understanding of the ecological significance of diversity within this species.
Reduced frequency of FOXP3+ CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Emmanuel Zorn, Haesook T. Kim, Stephanie J. Lee, Blair H. Floyd, Despina Litsa, Sankari Arumugarajah, Roberto Bellucci, Edwin P. Alyea, Joseph H. Antin, Robert J. Soiffer, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Blood (2005)
Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials
Authors: Colin Baigent, Lisa Blackwell, Rory Collins, Jonathan Emberson, Jon Godwin, Richard Peto, Julie Buring, Charles Hennekens, Patricia Kearney, Tom Meade, Carlo Patrono, Maria Carla Roncaglioni, Alberto Zanchetti
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ORTHOTOPIC HUMAN LIVER ALLOGRAFTS
Authors: G.A. Andres, I.D. Ansell, C.G. Halgrimson, K.C. Hsu, K.A. Porter, T.E. Starzl, L. Accinni, R.Y. Calne, B.M. Herbertson, I. Penn, J.M. Rendall, R. Williams
Journal: The Lancet (1972)
Safety, potential efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of specific polyclonal immunoglobulin F(ab')2 fragments against avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy volunteers: a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study
Authors: Céline Bal, Cécile H Herbreteau, Philippe Buchy, Sareth Rith, Masliza Zaid, William Kristanto, Velda Han, Charlotte Reynaud, Patrick Granjard, Bertrand Lépine, Caroline Durand, Paul A Tambyah
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2015)
Requirement of KISS1 Secretion for Multiple Organ Metastasis Suppression and Maintenance of Tumor Dormancy
Authors: K. T. Nash, P. A. Phadke, J.-M. Navenot, D. R. Hurst, M. A. Accavitti-Loper, E. Sztul, K. S. Vaidya, A. R. Frost, J. C. Kappes, S. C. Peiper, D. R. Welch
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

The KISS1 protein suppresses metastasis of several tumor models without blocking orthotopic tumor growth, but the mechanism remains elusive. For its role in human sexual maturation, KISS1 protein is secreted and processed to kisspeptins, which bind to the G protein–coupled receptor GPR54. We tested the hypothesis that KISS1 secretion is required for metastasis suppression via GPR54. KISS1 containing an internal FLAG epitope with (KFM) or without (KFMΔSS) a signal sequence was transfected into C8161.9 human melanoma cells, which do not express endogenous KISS1. Whole-cell lysates and conditioned medium from C8161.9 KFM and C8161.9 KFMΔSS cells were collected and analyzed for kisspeptins by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GPR54 levels were measured using real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The ability of conditioned medium from C8161.9 KFM and C8161.9 KFMΔSS cells to stimulate calcium mobilization in GPR54-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-G) and in C8161.9 cells was evaluated. Metastasis was monitored in athymic mice (groups of 10 per experiment) that were injected with C8161.9 KFM or C8161.9 KFMΔSS cells labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein. Survival of mice injected with C8161.9 or C8161.9 KFM cells was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier methods. Full-length KFM and KFMΔSS were detected in whole-cell lysates of C8161.9 KFM and C8161.9 KFMΔSS cells, respectively, but kisspeptins were detected only in conditioned medium of C8161.9 KFM cells. In vivo, C8161.9 KFM , but not C8161.9 KFMΔSS , cells were suppressed for metastasis to lung, eye, kidney, and bone, with corresponding differences in mouse survival (median > 120 versus 42 days). C8161.9 KFM cells seeded mouse lungs but did not form macroscopic metastases. Conditioned medium from C8161.9 KFM , but not C8161.9 KFMΔSS , cells stimulated calcium mobilization in CHO-G cells. GPR54 expression was low in C8161.9 cells, which were not stimulated by conditioned medium from C8161.9 KFM cells. KISS1 secretion was required for multiple organ metastasis suppression and for maintenance of disseminated cells in a dormant state. The absence of GPR54 expression in C8161.9 cells (whose metastatic spread was suppressed by KFM) suggests that metastasis suppression is not mediated through this receptor. The results imply the existence of another KISS1 receptor and/or paracrine signaling. The findings raise the possibility that soluble KISS1, kisspeptins, or mimetics could be used to maintain tumor dormancy, rendering treatment of already disseminated tumor cells (i.e., micrometastases) a legitimate target.
Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults With Diagnosed Diabetes
Authors: Thomas J. Hoerger, Sarah Schillie, John S. Wittenborn, Christina L. Bradley, Fangjun Zhou, Kathy Byrd, Trudy V. Murphy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

OBJECTIVE To examine the cost-effectiveness of a hepatitis B vaccination program for unvaccinated adults with diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a cost-effectiveness simulation model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of vaccinating adults 20-59 years of age with diagnosed diabetes not previously vaccinated for or infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV). The model estimated acute and chronic HBV infections, complications, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Data sources included surveillance data, epidemiological studies, and vaccine prices. RESULTS With a 10% uptake rate, the intervention will vaccinate 528,047 people and prevent 4,271 acute and 256 chronic hepatitis B infections. Net health care costs will increase by $91.4 million, and 1,218 QALYs will be gained, producing a cost-effectiveness ratio of $75,094 per QALY gained. Results are most sensitive to age, the discount rate, the hepatitis B incidence ratio for people with diabetes, and hepatitis B infection rates. Cost-effectiveness ratios rise with age at vaccination; an alternative intervention that vaccinates adults with diabetes 60 years of age or older had a cost-effectiveness ratio of $2.7 million per QALY. CONCLUSIONS Hepatitis B vaccination for adults with diabetes 20-59 years of age is modestly cost-effective. Vaccinating older adults with diabetes is not cost-effective. The study did not consider hepatitis outbreak investigation costs, and limited information exists on hepatitis progression among older adults with diabetes. Partly based on these results, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recently recommended hepatitis B vaccination for people 20-59 years of age with diagnosed diabetes.