tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
548 IMPROVED SURVIVAL OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH UNDETECTABLE HIV RNA
Authors: N. Bräu, L. Kikuchi, M. Núñnez, P. Barreiro, M. Nelson, E.J. Bini, M. Kristen, R. Fox, M. Sherman, M. Puoti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
RECENT JUDICIAL EVOLUTION AS TO CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF INEBRIATES.Read in the Section of Neurology and Medical Jurisprudence, at the Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Detroit, Mich., June, 1892.
Authors: CLARK BELL
Journal: JAMA (1893)

By the common law of England it was conceded the words "<i>non compos</i>" meant a total deprivation of reason. Lord Coke divided it into four parts or as he called them "manners." 1. The idiot Qr fool. 2. He who of good and sound memory at birth lost it by visitation of God. 3. Lunatics who have lucid intervals and sometimes of good sound memory and sometimes<i>non compos mentia</i>. 4. By his own act as a drunkard. So that drunkenness at and by common law, under certain circumstances, was a form or species of insanity. By the same common law it was held: 1. That the drunkard was responsible for all his acts criminally, even if the state of drunkeness was such as to make him insensible to his surroundings and unconscious of his acts. 2. That drunkenness instead of being any defense to a charge of crime committed
Paediatric neurologist is suspended for poor monitoring of epilepsy patient who died
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A consultant paediatric neurologist has been suspended for six months by a fitness to practise panel after he failed to ensure adequate monitoring of a patient with epilepsy who then died.

Jayaprakash Ayillath Gosalakkal was accused of a catalogue of clinical errors involving four patients at Leicester Royal Infirmary. All charges that related to the first three patients and alleged clinical misjudgment over long periods of treatment were found not proved, with no deficiencies identified in Gosalakkal’s care.

But in the case of Patient D, an epileptic patient with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, …
DINITROPHENOL POISONING: REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Harry Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>History.—</h3> J. M., a white woman, aged 42, married, a house-wife, who weighed 70 Kg. (154 pounds), was advised by her physician to take dinitrophenol, 0.1 Gm., three times a day. Thirty capsules of sodium dinitrophenol 2-4 (Eastman Kodak Company) were taken with a weight loss of 4 pounds (1.8 Kg.) during ten days. There was no excessive sweating or other untoward symptoms, and with the telephonic consent of her physician the druggist supplied sixty more capsules. On the morning of the eleventh day, a slight rash, which itched moderately, appeared on the chest. On the night of the fourteenth day, a generalized erythematous papular eruption appeared over the whole body, including the scalp. These papules were hard and shotty, about 6 mm. in diameter, and raised 3 mm. There was considerable discomfort from itching. The use of the drug was discontinued and the usual measures of diet and therapy
Teaching and Research in Diabetes
Authors: Arthur R. Colwell
Journal: JAMA (1961)

On May 3, 1958, a national conference on teaching and research in diabetes was held in Atlantic City under the joint sponsorship of the American Diabetes Association and the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases. A committee of the American Diabetes Association led by Dr. E. Perry McCullagh planned the program and published the conference proceedings contained in this book. One representative from each of almost all American medical schools attended the conference. The report contains a good deal of detail concerning teaching about diabetes in the schools of this country. Major contributions include an interpretation of questionnaire data from 76 medical schools by Vaun A. Newill of Cleveland; eight summations of panel discussions on various aspects of training in diabetes, and papers on "Basic Science Teaching," by Arnold Lazarow of Minneapolis; "The Role of Research in Training," by Arthur R. Colwell, Sr., of Chicago; "The Future in Diabetes,"
HOW SHALL WE DEAL WITH UTERINE MYOMATA?
Authors: E. E. MONTGOMERY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Much confidence in the efficiency of different remedies has been expressed at various times. Those, which in recent years have attained to most pronounced favor, have been the animal extracts, notably those obtained from the mammary and thyroid glands. As in electricity, doubtless much of the benefit imputed to these drugs is due to suggestion. The only extract which has seemed to me capable of producing any beneficial effect is that derived from the thyroid gland. This agent appears to exert a special influence upon the epithelium of the uterinemucous membrane, which promotes the arrest of hemorrhage and decreases pain. These effects are found in the carcinomatous as well as the myomatous uterus. Not every patient, however, is able to take the drug in sufficient doses to exert a beneficial influence upon the growth. The efficacy of electricity, I will not discuss further than to say that I should not
To the Committee on Irregular Practice of the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association
Authors: J. Mauger, J. E. Hoskins, M. M. Bresh, D. B. De Lisle, T. L. Mansell, J. Roberts, R. G. Carey, Fred. C. Lukis, M. A. B. Corbin, B. Collenette, M. Mauger, P. Tranter, J. Baines
Journal: BMJ (1851)
Slow-Release Trihexyphenidyl in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Robert S. Schwab
Journal: JAMA (1962)

TBIHEXYPHENIDYL (Ariane) hydrochloride was introduced as a synthetic drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease by Drs. Doshay and Constable in August, 1949. It has proved to be one of the more useful drugs in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and has been available in 2 mg. and 5 mg. scored tablets for the past 12 years. In addition, an elixir containing 2 mg. of trihexyphenidyl in 4 cc. of liquid has been generally available. Side effects from the drug have been largely benign, disappearing when the drug is reduced or discontinued. It is very similar to any of the belladonna alkaloids in producing dryness of the mouth, and blurred vision. In elderly individuals, if the dosage is pushed too high the side effects are urinary difficulty and sometimes retention, confusion, agitation, and hallucinations, particularly during the night. Trihexyphenidyl, like other atropine drugs, also aggravates a tendency toward constipation and
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Carvedilol in Patients With Moderate to Severe Heart Failure
Authors: Milton Packer, Wilson S. Colucci, Jonathan D. Sackner-Bernstein, Chang-seng Liang, David A. Goldscher, Israel Freeman, Marrick L. Kukin, Vithal Kinhal, James E. Udelson, Marc Klapholz, Stephen S. Gottlieb, David Pearle, Robert J. Cody, John J. Gregory, Nikki E. Kantrowitz, Thierry H. LeJemtel, Sarah T. Young, Mary Ann Lukas, Neil H. Shusterman
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Carvedilol has improved the symptomatic status of patients with moderate to severe heart failure in single-center studies, but its clinical effects have not been evaluated in large, multicenter trials. Methods and Results We enrolled 278 patients with moderate to severe heart failure (6-minute walk distance, 150 to 450 m) and a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤0.35 at 31 centers. After an open-label, run-in period, each patient was randomly assigned (double-blind) to either placebo (n=145) or carvedilol (n=133; target dose, 25 to 50 mg BID) for 6 months, while background therapy with digoxin, diuretics, and an ACE inhibitor remained constant. Compared with placebo, patients in the carvedilol group had a greater frequency of symptomatic improvement and lower risk of clinical deterioration, as evaluated by changes in the NYHA functional class ( P =.014) or by a global assessment of progress judged either by the patient ( P =.002) or by the physician ( P &lt;.001). In addition, treatment with carvedilol was associated with a significant increase in ejection fraction ( P &lt;.001) and a significant decrease in the combined risk of morbidity and mortality ( P =.029). In contrast, carvedilol therapy had little effect on indirect measures of patient benefit, including changes in exercise tolerance or quality-of-life scores. The effects of the drug were similar in patients with ischemic heart disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy as the cause of heart failure. Conclusions These findings indicate that, in addition to its favorable effects on survival, carvedilol produces important clinical benefits in patients with moderate to severe heart failure treated with digoxin, diuretics, and an ACE inhibitor. (Circulation. 1996;94:2793-2799.)
Septicemia
Authors: Mahesh K. Agarwal
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Fever was unchanged by chemotherapy in ten patients with bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-positive organisms in six patients and for Gram-negative organisms in four patients. The same organism was present in sputa and blood in six patients and in urine and blood in two patients. Leukocytosis was not found, and roentgenographic findings did not suggest superinfection. Nine of the ten patients survived. Blood cultures must be obtained in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis whose fever is not altered by antituberculous chemotherapy, so that concomitant septicemia is not neglected. (<i>JAMA</i>238:2297-2299, 1977)
Predictors of hepatic steatosis in living liver donors
Authors: Z. Karasu, Y. Tokat, D. Nart, A. Celebi, C. Arikan, M. Kilic, U.S. Akarca, O. Sebnem, T. Demirbas, U. Gurgen, F. Gunsar, G. Ersoz, Y. Batur
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
The Treatment of Dacryostenosis
Authors: Carl A. Frankel
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am responding to the answer by Drs Cowden and Bergmann to the question by Dr Dave.<sup>1</sup>While I agree that there is a high likelihood that Dr Dave's patient is suffering from recurrent conjunctivitis secondary to congenital dacryostenosis, I do not agree with the recommendations of the authors regarding treatment. The hallmark of treatment in dacryostenosis is hydrostatic nasolacrimal duct massage (lacrimal sac compression), as outlined by Crigler<sup>2</sup>and Price<sup>3</sup>and confirmed by Kushner.<sup>4</sup>Drs Cowden and Bergmann stated that antibiotic therapy and lacrimal sac compression would result in resolution of symptoms in 60% to 70% of cases. However, Petersen and Robb<sup>5</sup>reported that 58 (89%) of 65 obstructed nasolacrimal ducts managed with massage had resolution of their dacryostenosis by the 13th month of life. In a related study by Nelson et al,<sup>6</sup>95% of patients had resolution within seven
Recombinant Major Ragweed Allergen Amb a 1: Physicochemical Characterization and Immunologic Comparison of Five Recombinant Ragweed Isoallergens Amb a 1.01 to Amb a 1.05
Authors: Andreas Nandy, Steffen Augustin, Martin Wald, Linda Pump, Alexis Hermann, Sven Treder, Susan Hagen, Riccardo Asero, Steen Klysner
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Glutamate impairs neuronal calcium extrusion while reducing sodium gradient
Authors: Lech Kiedrowski, Gary Brooker, Erminio Costa, Jarda T. Wroblewski
Journal: Neuron (1994)

The rate of decrease of neuronal [Ca2+]i after an elevation induced by a glutamate pulse is much slower than that after a comparable [Ca2+]i elevation induced by a K+ depolarization. To investigate whether the [Na+]i increase taking place during the glutamate pulse reduces the rate of Ca2+ extrusion, we monitored simultaneously [Na+]i and [Ca2+]i during a K+ depolarization and a glutamate pulse lasting 1 min. The K+ depolarization evoked only a transient increase of [Na+]i from 4 mM to 13 mM, whereas the glutamate pulse increased [Na+]i to 60 mM, and this increase persisted after glutamate removal. An application of bepridil immediately after glutamate pulse when [Na+]i was greatly elevated, but not 14 min after glutamate removal when a basal [Na+]i was restored, evoked a [Ca2+]i increase accompanied by a decrease of [Na+]i, indicating a reverse mode of operation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. These data suggest that the glutamate-evoked increase in [Na+]i may play a role in Ca2+ homeostasis destabilization.
Successful treatment of refractory adult onset Still's disease with rituximab
Authors: K Ahmadi-Simab
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

precursors will abrogate ANCA production.However, we need to be aware of the concurrent risks of robust immunosuppression and predisposition to serious infections.Further research is warranted into the maintenance of remission and the long term safety with rituximab use.
Institute of Theoretical Medicine
Authors: A. D. Jonas
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—   article A New Science City in Siberia in the Aug 27 issue of Science ( 149 :947) states, Plans are currently under way for a new Institute of Theoretical Medicine, apparently in addition to the 15 institutes in Akademgorodok and the 5 in Novosibirsk.  In contrast to our Russian colleagues there has been no similar interest in the United States. Since affiliation with medical schools has bogged down in the preliminaries, we decided to establish an independent Institute of Theoretical Medicine.  groundwork was laid in The Case for Theoretical Medicine ( JAMA  187 :1050,1963).  Our institute has been in operation for nine months. Early reports and publications will begin to appear in the near future. We would like to receive communications from similar institutions.
Hyperseritoninemia—A Cause of Secondary Diabetes Mellitus.
Authors: J. M. Feldman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Hyperseritoninemia—A Cause of Secondary Diabetes Mellitus.J. M. Feldman, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. L. Marecek, M.D., Kenneth E. Quickel Jr., M.D., H. E. Lebovitz, M.D.J. M. Feldman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. L. Marecek, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Kenneth E. Quickel Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. E. Lebovitz, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-857_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCatecholamine inhibition of insulin secretion contributes to glucose intolerance in patients with pheochromocytoma. Serotonin inhibition of insulin secretion in animal models suggested that glucose intolerance may occur in the carcinoid syndrome. A 60-year-old man presented with metastatic bronchial carcinoid tumor, glucose intolerance, and impaired insulin secretion. There was no family history of diabetes. Streptozotocin, effective in metastatic insulinomas, was given in monthly injections of 2 g for 5 months beginning immediately after control studies were done. There was no dietary alteration. After 2 months of therapy, intractable diarrhea and flushing attacks ceased; weight increased 10 lb; urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Durham, N. C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 857-857KeywordsAnimal modelsCarcinoid tumorCatecholaminesDiabetes mellitusDiarrheaGlucose intoleranceInsulin secretionInsulinomaPheochromocytomaSerotonin Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Death is final: getting the balance right
Authors: D. I. Ben-Tovim
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The articles by Lilford and Pronovost and Hawkes and the accompanying editorial by Black are critical of hospital standardised mortality ratios.1 2 3 They contain a number of misrepresentations. Hospital standardised mortality ratios are not, as Lilford and Pronovost claim,1 a signal about preventable deaths. They simply measure how much a hospital’s overall death rate varies from …
Long-Term Outcome of Endoscopic Stent Placement for Chronic Pancreatitis Associated with Pancreas Divisum
Authors: D. Boerma, K. Huibregtse, T. M. Gulik, E. A. Rauws, H. Obertop, D. J. Gouma
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: In pancreas divisum (PD), endoscopic drainage of the minor papilla is beneficial for patients presenting with acute recurrent pancreatitis, but in cases of chronic pancreatitis, surgery is claimed to be indicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic stent placement in patients with PD presenting with chronic pancreatitis.
Temporal Hemodynamic Effects of Permissive Hypercapnia Associated with Ideal PEEP in ARDS
Authors: CARLOS ROBERTO RIBEIRO CARVALHO, CARMEN SILVIA VALENTE BARBAS, DENISE MACHADO MEDEIROS, RICARDO BORGES MAGALDI, GERALDO LORENZI FILHO, RONALDO ADIB KAIRALLA, DANIEL DEHEINZELIN, CARLOS MUNHOZ, MAURO KAUFMANN, MARCO FERREIRA, TERESA YAE TAKAGAKI, MARCELO BRITTO PASSOS AMATO
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

The associated use of permissive hypercapnia (PHY) and high PEEP levels (PEEP(IDEAL)) has been recently indicated as part of a lung-protective-approach (LPA) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the net hemodynamic effect produced by this association is not known. We analyzed the temporal hemodynamic effects of this combined strategy in 48 patients (mean age 34 +/- 13 yr) with ARDS, focusing on its immediate (after 1 h), early (first 36 h), and late (2nd-7th d) consequences. Twenty-five patients were submitted to LPA--with the combined use of permissive hypercapnia (PHY), VT < 6 ml/kg, distending pressures above PEEP < 20 cm H2O, and PEEP 2 cm H2O above the lower inflection point on the static inspiratory P-V curve (P(FLEX))- and 23 control patients were submitted to conventional mechanical ventilation. LPA was initiated at once, resulting in an immediate increase in heart rate (p = 0.0002), cardiac output (p = 0.0002), oxygen delivery (DO2l, p = 0.0003), and mixed venous Po2 (p = 0.0006), with a maintained systemic oxygen consumption (p = 0.52). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure markedly increased (mean increment 8.8 mm Hg; p < 0.0001), but the pulmonary vascular resistance did not change (p = 0.32). Cardiac filling pressures increased (p < 0.001) and the systemic vascular resistance fell (p = 0.003). All these alterations were progressively attenuated in the course of the first 36 h, despite persisting hypercapnia. Plasma lactate suffered a progressive decrement along the early period in LPA but not in control patients (p < 0.0001). No hemodynamic consequences of LPA were noticed in the late period and renal function was preserved. A multivariate analysis suggested that these acute hyperdynamic effects were related to respiratory acidosis, with no depressant effects ascribed to high PEEP levels. In contrast, high plateau pressures were associated with cardiovascular depression. Thus, as long as sufficiently low distending pressures are concomitantly applied, the sudden installation of PHY plus PEEP(IDEAL) induces a transitory hyperdynamic state and pulmonary hypertension without harmful consequences to this young ARDS population.
Increased Myocardial Uptake of Iodine-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine on Delayed Images, Compared With Early Images, in Patients With Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Yasutaka Ichikawa, Kan Takeda, Shuichi Murashima, Hajime Sakuma, Kaname Matsumura, Tadanori Hirano, Shigeki Kuzuhara
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

We present 2 interesting cases of multiple system atrophy in which increased myocardial iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake was observed on delayed images (3 hours after injection) compared with early images (15 minutes after injection). These findings have not been previously described. The duration of symptoms was less than 1 year in both these patients. The mechanism responsible for these findings is not clearly understood, but could be related to the pathophysiological changes in the early stage of multiple systemic atrophy.
CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION AND THORACIC AORTIC WALL CALCIFICATION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASING CATEGORIES OF BLOOD PRESSURE
Authors: Heidi Gransar, Jamal S. Rana, Nathan D. Wong, Prediman K. Shah, Alan Rozanski, Sean Hayes, John Friedman, Louise Thomson, Daniel S. Berman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Number of homicides related to mental disorder has fallen since 1970s in England and Wales, study finds
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The number of homicides attributed to mental disorders has fallen in England and Wales over the past 30 years, while that of other homicides has risen, a new analysis of official statistics shows.

The study looked at four sets of homicide statistics from 1946 to 2004. Researchers compared the numbers of homicides that were due to mental disorder—categorised by legal outcome (not guilty by reason of insanity or diminished responsibility, defendant unfit to plead, infanticides, and cases where the offender committed suicide at the same time as or after the homicide)—with homicides that were not considered to be due to mental disorder ( British Journal of Psychiatry …
Recipient T cell TIM-3 and hepatocyte galectin-9 signalling protects mouse liver transplants against ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Yuanxing Liu, Haofeng Ji, Yu Zhang, Xiuda Shen, Feng Gao, Xiangyi He, Gabriella A. Li, Ronald W. Busuttil, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Jerzy W. Kupiec-Weglinski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Quantitative histological-hemodynamic correlations in cirrhosis
Authors: Supatsri Sethasine, Dhanpat Jain, Roberto J. Groszmann, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We have previously shown, in a semiquantitative analysis of liver biopsies showing cirrhosis, that thickness of fibrous septa separating cirrhotic nodules and small size of cirrhotic nodules correlated independently with portal pressure (as determined by the hepatic venous pressure gradient; HVPG) and were independent predictors of the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension (PH). This study aimed to confirm these results using quantitative analysis of these biopsies using digital image analysis. Biopsies of 42 patients with cirrhosis and HVPG measurements within 6 months of the biopsy were included in the study. The following parameters were scored quantitatively and without knowledge of HVPG results: total fibrosis area, septal thickness, nodule size, and number of nodules per millimeter of length of liver biopsy. Fibrosis area was the only parameter that independently correlated with HVPG (r = 0.606; P < 0.0001). Correlation was significant, even among patients with clinically significant PH (r = 0.636; P < 0.005). Fibrosis area and nodule size were both independently predictive of the presence of clinically significant PH (r = 0.57; P = 0.003).On quantitative analysis, fibrosis area was the parameter that correlated best with HVPG and the presence of clinically significant PH. Beyond pathophysiological implications, this also has methodological implications that are discussed in this article.