tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Monarticular Trauma and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Michael Kelly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

It is believed that trauma may precipitate a first attack of rheumatic fever, and it is obviously true that local trauma may give rise to chronic monarticular arthritis.Chronic polyarthritis is another matter, since it is a systemic disease; yet Smith (1932) analysed the histories of 96 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and found that six were precipitated by injuries, which in five cases were monarticular sprains.Pickard (1947) reported that seven out of 35 cases of rheumatoid arthritis in children had been precipitated by injury to a joint; in a series reported by Bille (1948) the proportion was three out of 65 children.Finney and others (1947) reported that monarticular trauma had precipitated an initial attack or a relapse in five out of 100 cases in the U.S. Army.The work of a number of European writers, who have discussed this subject during the past 20 years, has been reviewed by Jonsson and Berglund (1949).Edstrom (1942) reported five cases of rheumatoid arthritis in which monarticular trauma seemed to be the sole precipitating factor, and accepted the view of Klinge (1934) that the polyarthritis is an allergic reaction to tissue damage.Ryden (1943) analysed the histories of 900 cases, and in nineteen found that rheumatoid arthritis had been precipitated by injury to a joint, and had extended to other joints in less than 6 months.He believed that septic teeth or tonsils were partially responsible for the disease in fifteen cases; he concluded that trauma may affect anyone whose mesenchymal tissues are susceptible, through infection or other constitutional factors, to a hyperergic reaction, and that this condition of sus- ceptibility may fluctuate in an individual patient and vary from patient to patient.Jonsson and Berglund (1949) did not consider trauma as a cause of rheumatoid arthritis if the following six conditions had not beefn fulfilled:(i) No previous history of rheumatoid arthritis.(ii) Injury to previously healthy joint.(iii) Joint painful or swollen soon after the injury.(iv) No decrease in pain and swelling before involvement of other joints.(v) Spread to other joints not too long delayed.(vi) Certain diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.Of 1,669 cases of rheumatoid arthritis reviewed, Jonsson and Berglund found in twelve that the first sign of rheumatoid arthritis had been precipitated by injury to a joint, and that other joints had been involved within the year.In seven of 307 copyright.
Successful use of the anti‐CD25 antibody daclizumab in an adult patient with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Rebecca L. Olin, Kim E. Nichols, Mojdeh Naghashpour, Mariusz Wasik, Brenda Shelly, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Dan T. Vogl
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and severe inflammatory disorder marked by abnormal cytotoxic T and natural killer cell activity, resulting in impaired clearance of pathogen, excessive cytokine production, and continued immune system activation. Soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R or sCD25) is typically elevated in HLH and can serve as a marker of disease activity, although its role in the pathophysiology of the disease is unclear. Here we present a case of an adult patient with steroid-dependent HLH who was treated successfully with daclizumab, a monoclonal anti-CD25 antibody, allowing successful withdrawal of steroid therapy without an increase in symptoms.
Leukocyte Migration Is Regulated by L-Selectin Endoproteolytic Release
Authors: Guglielmo M Venturi, LiLi Tu, Takafumi Kadono, Adil I Khan, Yoko Fujimoto, Philip Oshel, Cheryl B Bock, Ann S Miller, Ralph M Albrecht, Paul Kubes, Douglas A Steeber, Thomas F Tedder
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Tobacco could be used to produce interleukin 10
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Canadian researchers have succeeded in producing a tobacco plant that contains a human gene that expresses the cytokine interleukin 10. They hope to produce enough of the cytokine to be able to make an oral anti-inflammatory vaccine for bowel diseases and certain autoimmune diseases.

The first plants containing the gene were grown in a laboratory, and the first field …
The Impact of AIDS on the Medical Care System
Authors: Deborah J. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1988)

IN THIS eighth year of the war against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the front lines in the United States are surely the hospitals of our major cities. It is to these institutions that the afflicted come, whatever their risk group, and in increasing numbers. Gay and bisexual men bring with them a history of discrimination and fear. Drug users reveal an entire family at risk. The worried well crowd our clinics to be tested for infection a second, third, or fourth time. People come in hope of being given the latest experimental drug protocol, and people come to die because they have no family or friends to provide their care.  It has been estimated by the Centers for Disease Control that 270 000 cumulative cases of AIDS will occur in the United States by 1991.1The task of assimilating this enormous burden of disease into existing health care structures
Personality traits of basketball players of different universities of Rajasthan
Authors: Ajay Singh Ruhal, Dinesh Chaudhary, Dinesh Kumar Yadav
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The purpose of this study was to compare the personality traits of basketball players of different universities of Rajasthan the subject were male basketball players selected from different universities of Rajasthan that is, MDS University, Ajmer, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, JNV University, Jodhpur, MLS University, Udaipur, University of Bikaner and University of Kota. The subjects were ranging from 18 to 24 year of age. Selected psychological variables were personality traits to test the personality of basketball players of different university of Rajasthan. HJ Eysenck's personality inventory test was used. To compare the basketball players of different universities on the variables viz. personality traits one way analysis of variances was employed to check the variability of selected basketball teams at 0.05 level of significance. To tests the significance difference LSD post hoc test was used to find out the significance difference between the means of selected basketball teams. Within the limitation of study following conclusions were drawn: significant difference was found between basketball players of MDS University, Ajmer and University of Kota; Rajasthan, Jaipur and MLS. University, Udaipur; University of Rajasthan, Jaipur and University of Bikaner; University of Rajasthan, Jaipur and University of Kota; JNV University, Jodhpur and MLS University, Udaipur; JNV University, Jodhpur and University of Bikaner; JNV University, Jodhpur and University of Kota; University of Bikaner and University of Kota.
Ambulatory motility patterns of the transposed short segment colon.
Authors: G Peppas, H R Payne, K Jeyasingham
Journal: Gut (1993)

Ambulatory manometry and pH-metry were performed on 10 asymptomatic patients who had undergone lower oesophageal replacement with the left hemicolon between two and 20 years previously. Recording of the ambient pH in the intrathoracic colon was carried out simultaneously. In every patient the recording, which lasted approximately eight hours, included upright, supine, prandial, and post-prandial periods. The results were analysed both visually and by computer. The emerging motility patterns showed three basic types of wave, based on amplitudes--low amplitude contractions (LAC) measuring &lt; 60 mm Hg, medium amplitude contractions (MAC) of 60-100 mm Hg, and high amplitude contractions (HAC) of 100-200 mm Hg. Additional subtypes were identified in the LACs and MACs. Using software primarily designed for oesophageal motility, the proportion of propulsive (6%-55%) waves could be distinguished from simultaneous or mixed waves, or both. A proportion of propulsive waves was noted in patients who had undergone surgery 10 or more years previously. It is concluded that the transposed colon retains its normal motility pattern but some adaptation to its new location may occur in the long term.
Predictors of plasma concentrations of DDE and PCBs in a group of U.S. women.
Authors: F Laden, L M Neas, D Spiegelman, S E Hankinson, W C Willett, K Ireland, M S Wolff, D J Hunter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

We evaluated predictors of plasma concentrations of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a group of 240 women, controls from a breast cancer case-control study nested in the Nurses' Health Study. We considered personal attributes such as age, serum cholesterol, region of residence, adiposity, lactation, and dietary intake. DDE levels increased 0.17 ppb/year of age (p = 0.0003), and PCBs increased 0.08 ppb (p = 0.0001). DDE and PCBs increased 0.20 (p = 0.02) and 0.13 ppb (p = 0.001), respectively, per 10 mg/dl serum cholesterol. Women living in the western United States had higher levels of DDE (mean = 11.0 ppb; p = 0.003), and women in the Northeast and Midwest had higher levels of PCBs (mean = 5.6 ppb; p = 0.0002) as compared to women from other parts of the country (mean DDE = 6.3; mean PCBs = 4. 5 ppb). Levels of DDE could not be predicted from consumption of meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, and grains. There was a positive association between fish consumption and PCB concentrations among women in the Northeast and Midwest. Using data from the cases in the nested case-control study to assess the predictive ability of the models, we confirmed that the most reliable predictors of DDE were age and serum cholesterol, and the most important predictors of PCBs were age, serum cholesterol, and residence in the Midwest or Northeast. The null results for the majority of the food variables suggest that specific dietary factors, other than fish, are not currently a substantial contributor to human exposure to DDE and PCBs.
Tobacco company targeted marketing campaign at teenagers
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Documents released by a California congressman, Henry Waxman, reveal that the tobacco giant R J Reynolds pursued a systematic strategy of attracting adolescents as young as 14 years old to cigarettes. These documents directly contradict the testimony of tobacco company executives given in Congress last June.

The confidential papers were obtained by subpoena and consist of internal memorandums that implicate the executives at the highest level in the plans. Realising that young smokers represented the future of the industry and that brand loyalty was established early, R J Reynolds sought to capture the youth market. For example, a 1975 memorandum on Camel Filters …
Changes in passive mechanical stiffness of myocardial tissue with aneurysm formation.
Authors: K B Gupta, M B Ratcliffe, M A Fallert, L H Edmunds, D K Bogen
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Myocardium undergoes complex cellular and histochemical alterations after acute myocardial infarction. These structural changes directly affect the mechanical stiffness of infarcted and remote myocardia. Previous investigations of infarct stiffness have been limited to uniaxial testing, which does not provide a unique description of the tissue's three-dimensional material properties. This study describes the first serial measurements of biaxial mechanical properties of sheep myocardium after anteroapical infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Anteroapical infarctions of 23.7 +/- 2.5% of the left ventricular mass were produced by coronary arterial ligation in sheep. Biaxial force-extension measurements were made on freshly excised squares (6.45 cm2) of remote, noninfarcted, and infarcted myocardia before and 4 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks after ligation. Adjacent myocardial samples were assayed for hydroxyproline content. Force-extension data and a derived constitutive equation were used to describe stresses and strains and material properties of each sample. In sheep, anteroapical infarctions evolve into thin left ventricular aneurysms that consist of predominantly fibrous tissue with disrupted groups of muscle cells encased in scar. In the infarct, Cauchy stresses at 15% extensions (control stresses: circumferential, sigma C, 19.4 +/- 3.3 g/cm2; longitudinal, sigma L, 54.8 +/- 34.8 g/cm2) increase within 4 hours, peak at 1 to 2 weeks (sigma C, 338.5 +/- 143.6 g/cm2; sigma L, 310.7 +/- 45.9 g/cm2), and then decrease 6 weeks after infarction (sigma C, 115 +/- 47.2 g/cm2; sigma L, 53.2 +/-28.9 g/cm2). Stresses in the remote myocardium follow a similar time course but to a lesser extent than the infarcted region. Hydroxyproline content, a measure of collagen content, does not correlate with infarct stiffness but progressively increases to 69.7 +/- 7.6 micrograms/mg after 6 weeks. Stress-extension curves demonstrate directional anisotropy of both infarcted and remote myocardia. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that infarcted myocardium becomes more stiff during the first 1 to 2 weeks after anteroapical infarction and then more compliant. The infarct also exhibits directional anisotropy. These observations underscore the importance of ventricular material properties during the remodeling process after acute myocardial infarction and may partially explain the progressive left ventricular dilatation and functional deterioration that occur in some patients after anteroapical infarction.
The roots of violence.
Authors: G. Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1988)

weighed against those of chemoprophylaxis.Mayon-White has recently compiled the evidence and produced a coherent policy for using pneumococcal vaccine; his proposed in- dications are patients aged 55-70 with diabetes or chronic disease of the heart, lung, or liver and those aged 2-70 years with chronic renal disease, sickle cell disease, or asplenia.22Only its usefulness in patients with chronic lung disease could be questioned.'The vaccine does not deserve to be ignored, and the cautious start advocated by Mayon-White is overdue.Official guidance would be helpful, but none of the polysaccharide vaccines is mentioned in the useful guide to vaccines now available from the Department of Health.2"
Unsatisfactory Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Richard H. Sandler
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  I have been consistently disappointed with one important aspect of continuing medical education (CME) programs. In 89 of the last 96 (93%) CME events I've attended, lecturers did not make available a list of references. Instead, important information was described with either no references cited or, more often, with mere fleeting oral mention such as Jones in 1980 found  Assertions made at the podium simply are not a satisfactory reason for physicians to change management practices. Better medical care will result if CME programs ensure that at least short lists of key references are made available. It seems likely that such a practice would encourage more rigorous thinking by the speakers, increase the likelihood that participants obtain accurate and useful information, and assist interested physicians in forming a sounder appreciation of the information conveyed by the speakers.
Superior Longitudinal Sinus Thrombosis With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: ROY S. LEADINGHAM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 June 1931Superior Longitudinal Sinus Thrombosis With Subarachnoid HemorrhageReport of a Case*ROY S. LEADINGHAM, M. D., F.A.C.P.ROY S. LEADINGHAM, M. D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-12-1584 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSubarachnoid hemorrhage may be the primary cause of death following injury to the head, or may result from a variety of intracranial vascular lesions. Smith1 lists as the most common causes, aside from trauma: cerebral aneurysm, toxic infectious diseases, cerebral neoplasms, and hemorrhagic diseases. Neal2, reviewing thirty-five cases, gives the following causes:―Head Injury 1Syphilis 1Hypertension (190 systolic) 1Epidemic Meningitis 4Pneumonia 1Nephritis 1Hydrocephalus and Mitral Regurgitation 1Mitral Lesion and Streptococcus Septicemia 2Undetermined 22Most of these cases were children or young adults, and he suggests the possibility of accounting for many of...1 SMITH WA: Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, So. Med. Jour. 1930, 23: 494. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 NEAL JB: Spontaneous Meningeal Hemorrhage, Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. 1926, 86: 6 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3 COBBHUBBARD SJJ: Cerebral Hemorrhage from Venous and Capillary Stasis. Am. J. Med. Sc. 1929, 178: 603. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 DOYLE JB: Obstruction of the Longitudinal Sinus. Arch. Neur. and Psych. 1927, 18: 374. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROY S. LEADINGHAM, M. D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Atlanta, Ga.*From the Pathological Laboratory of the Grady Memorial Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Zirkulationsstörungen des Rückenmarks und Gehirns 1 June 1931Volume 4, Issue 12Page: 1584-1588KeywordsHead injuryInfectious diseasesLesionsResearch laboratoriesSepsisStreptococcusSubarachnoid hemorrhageSyphilisThrombosisYoung adults ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin vs Unfractionated Heparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Richard Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORONARY FLOW VELOCITY RESERVE MEASUREMENT IN THREE MAJOR CORONARY ARTERY BY TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: A COMPARISON WITH MULTI-DETECTOR COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Kumiko Hirata, Hiroko Nakanishi, Makoto Orii, Kohei Ishibashi, Takashi Yamano, Takashi Tanimoto, Yasushi Ino, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
NK cell HMGB1 mediates IL-2-induced “systemic autophagic” toxicity
Authors: Guanqiao Li, Xiaoyan Liang, Michael Lotze
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts High dose Interleukin 2 (HDIL-2) treatment has durable antitumor effects in 5-10% of patients with metastatic melanoma and RCC. The application and efficacy of HDIL-2 treatment is limited due to substantial toxicity. We have previously shown that the toxicity results from cytokine
Molecular population genetics of the alcohol dehydrogenase locus in the Hawaiian drosophilid D. mimica
Authors: F. J. Ayala, C. D. Campbell, R. K. Selander
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

Sequence variation among 10 alleles of the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene of the Hawaiian drosophilid D. mimica was analyzed with reference to the evolutionary history of the Hawaiian subgroup as well as to levels and patterns of polymorphism of the Adh gene in continental drosophilid species. The Adh gene of D. mimica is less polymorphic than that of other drosophilid species, and no replacement substitutions were found. Statistical analyses of the Adh alleles suggested the action of balancing selection and revealed significant linkage disequilibrium among three of the variable sites. The effective population size was estimated to be only slightly smaller than that of continental species and, surprisingly, on the same order of magnitude as the actual size.
Stock breeding technique applied to human infertility
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in Torrance, California, has reported the achievement of pregnancy in two infertile women by means of embryo transfer from ovum donors artificially inseminated with sperm from the infertile women's husbands. The procedure is seen as a nonsurgical alternative to in vitro fertilization. Fertility and Genetics Research, Inc. of Chicago, funding organization for the development of the technique, has applied for a patent on the procedure.
Health project targets women and children in Indonesia
Authors: A. Easton
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved a $300m (£188m) loan to finance a health and nutrition project for pregnant women and children affected by the economic crisis in Indonesia.

Indonesia has been particularly affected by prolonged recession, which has caused high unemployment, inflation, food shortages, and rioting in urban areas. Bill Fraser, manager of the ADB's education, health, …