tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional reconstruction of human coronary and peripheral arteries from images recorded during two-dimensional intravascular ultrasound examination.
Authors: K Rosenfield, D W Losordo, K Ramaswamy, J O Pastore, R E Langevin, S Razvi, B D Kosowsky, J M Isner
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Intravascular ultrasound provides high-resolution images of vascular lumen, plaque, and subjacent structures in the vessel wall; current instrumentation, however, limits the operator to viewing a single, tomographic, two-dimensional image at any one time. Comparative analysis of serial two-dimensional images requires repeated review of the video playback recorded during the two-dimensional examination, followed by a "mind's eye" type of imagined reconstruction. METHODS AND RESULTS Computer-based, automated three-dimensional reconstruction was used to generate a tangible format with which to assess and compare a "stacked" series of two-dimensional images. Three-dimensional representations were prepared from sequential images obtained during intravascular ultrasound examination in 52 patients, 50 of whom were studied before and/or after percutaneous revascularization. Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound images were acquired by means of a systematic, timed pullback of the ultrasound catheter through the respective vascular segments. Images were then assembled in automated fashion to create a three-dimensional depiction of the vessel lumen and wall. Computer-enhanced three-dimensional reconstructions were generated in both sagittal and cylindrical formats. The sagittal format resulted in a longitudinal profile similar to that obtained during angiographic examination; in contrast to angiography, however, the sagittal reconstruction offered 360 degrees of limitless orthogonal views of the plaque and arterial wall as well as the vascular lumen. The cylindrical format yielded a composite view of a given vascular segment, and a hemisected version of the cylindrical reconstruction enabled en face inspection of the reconstructed luminal surface. Sagittal reconstructions facilitated analysis of dissections and plaque fractures resulting from percutaneous revascularization, and the hemisected cylindrical reconstructions enhanced analysis of endovascular prostheses. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary experience demonstrates that computer-based three-dimensional reconstruction may further augment the use of intravascular ultrasound in assessing vascular pathology and guiding interventional therapy.
Conserved requirement for a plant host cell protein in powdery mildew pathogenesis
Authors: Chiara Consonni, Matthew E Humphry, H Andreas Hartmann, Maren Livaja, Jörg Durner, Lore Westphal, John Vogel, Volker Lipka, Birgit Kemmerling, Paul Schulze-Lefert, Shauna C Somerville, Ralph Panstruga
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Annals of Surgical Oncology: An Oncology Journal for Surgeons
Authors: Paul L. Baron
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<i>Annals of Surgical Oncology</i>seeks to cover the broad spectrum of multidisciplinary clinical cancer care and basic cancer research relevant to practicing surgeons. As the official journal of the Society of Surgical Oncology, this new journal publishes annual meeting papers and distributes news to its more than 1000 members. Rigorous competition for manuscript acceptance and peer review characterize the editorial process. The editors essentially comprise the "who's who" of surgical oncology in the United States. The editorial board consists of oncologists representing notable institutions. Quality contributions from the US community of surgical oncologists fill its pages. Surgical oncologists frequently coordinate all aspects of cancer care, which encompasses diagnosis, surgical or nonsurgical treatment, rehabilitation, and surveillance. Their educational, clinical, and research activities include a wide array of cancers spanning all organ systems and various anatomic sites. Although this journal has strong appeal and value for general surgical oncologists, other surgical specialists
'Sports psychology' a crucial ingredient for athletes success: conceptual view
Authors: Parsanjeet Kumar, Awadhesh Kr Shirotriya
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Traditionally sports people have dedicated an enormous amount of preparation to their physical conditioning and technical skills. The importance and attention to psychological preparation can often be over looked. The diversity, unpredictability and intensity of sport places challenges to the athlete both on a physically and psychologically level. The human mind is complex with people learning and developing at different speeds. Psychological skills will be an inherent ability for some to control their state under pressure and maintain focus during extreme circumstances of uncertainty. Sports psychology is striving hard to investigate athletic performance, to stabilise it and to improve sports performance by seeking an appropriate balance between physiological and psychological dimensions of performance. Sports psychology is a healthy field with a bright future and within physical education, the field continues to grow. Sports psychology offers advancements in the mental aspects of athletic competition and performance. Research shows that mental training, in addition to physical training, can improve results much more than physical training alone. Sports psychology has significantly changed lives of many athletes, coaches and other sports and exercise professionals. Mental Game Coaching is that the segment of sports psychology that concentrates specifically on helping athletes break through the mental barriers that are keeping them from performing up to their peak potential. By focusing on the mental skills needed to be successful in any sporting competition, mental game coaching seeks to achieve the overall goal of performance improvement. Sports psychology encompasses various branches of psychology as they are related to our ability to understand athlete performance, how to make it better, and how to improve exercise programmes.
674. Molecular, Biochemical and Biomechanical Analysis of Articular Cartilage Repaired with Genetically Modified Chondrocytes Expressing Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I
Authors: Laurie R. Goodrich, Eric Strauss, Chris T. Chen, Chisa Hidaka, Paul D. Robbins, Chris H. Evans, Alan J. Nixon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
Effect of alcohol consumption on serum hepatitis C virus RNA and histological lesions in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Fabienne Pessione, Françoise Degos, Patrick Marcellin, Véronique Duchatelle, Corinne Njapoum, Michèle Martinot-Peignoux, Claude Degott, Dominique Valla, Serge Erlinger, Bernard Rueff
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The role of alcohol intake in the occurrence of severe liver disease in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers is still debated. A cross-sectional study has been conducted in 233 chronic hepatitis C virus carriers. Weekly self-reported alcohol consumption (SRAC) was evaluated, serum HCV RNA levels were measured by a branched DNA technique (Quantiplex 2.0) and HCV genotypes were determined. A liver biopsy was performed simultaneously and liver lesions were graded with the Knodell histological activity index. Data were examined by uni- and multivariate analyses. Alcohol consumption was relatively low (&lt; 140 g/per week in 193/233 patients [80%]). We found a highly significant correlation between SRAC and serum HCV RNA levels ( r = .26, P = .001). Fibrosis was significantly correlated with age and alcohol consumption. These results suggest that in HCV carriers, alcohol consumption, even with low alcohol intake, increases viremia and hepatic fibrosis. Chronic HCV carriers should be advised to avoid regular alcohol intake.
Cost-Effectiveness of the Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Bernie J. O’Brien, Stuart J. Connolly, Ron Goeree, Gordon Blackhouse, Andrew Willan, Raymond Yee, Robin S. Roberts, Michael Gent
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —In the Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS), we assessed the cost-effectiveness of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in reducing the risk of death in survivors of previous ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF). Methods and Results —Healthcare resource use was collected prospectively on the first 430 patients enrolled in CIDS (n=212 ICD, n=218 amiodarone). Mean cost per patient, adjusted for censoring, was computed for each group based on initial therapy assignment. Incremental cost-effectiveness of ICD therapy was computed as the ratio of the difference in cost (ICD minus amiodarone) to the difference in life expectancy (both discounted at 3% per year). All costs are in 1999 Canadian dollars (C$1 ≈ US$0.65). Over 6.3 years, mean cost per patient in the ICD group was C$87 715 versus C$38 600 in the amiodarone group (difference C$49 115; 95% CI C$25 502 to C$69 508). Life expectancy for the ICD group was 4.58 years versus 4.35 years for amiodarone (difference 0.23, 95% CI −0.09 to 0.55), for incremental cost-effectiveness of ICD therapy of C$213 543 per life-year gained. ICD benefit was greater in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (&lt;35%), and cost-effectiveness in this group was more attractive (C$108 484). Alternative extrapolations of survival benefit and costs to 12 years indicated cost-effectiveness in the range of C$100 000 to C$150 000 per life-year gained. Conclusions —At C$213 543, the value for the money offered by ICD therapy is not attractive by currently accepted standards. Further research is warranted to identify the indications and patient subgroups for whom ICDs are a cost-effective use of resources.
3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) and mutagenic activity in Massachusetts drinking water.
Authors: J Michael Wright, Joel Schwartz, Terttu Vartiainen, Jorma Mäki-Paakkanen, Larisa Altshul, Joseph J Harrington, Douglas W Dockery
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

There is limited information on the prevalence of the potent mutagen 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) in U.S. water supplies. We measured MX concentrations and mutagenic activity in tap water samples from 36 surface water systems throughout Massachusetts. We found MX levels much higher (up to 80 ng/L) than previously reported in the United States. We also evaluated the role of water treatment on mutagenic activity and disinfection by-product formation. After adjusting for other covariates, chloramination and filtration were the most important treatment options for reducing mutagenic activity and disinfection by-product formation. Multiple chlorine application (before and after filtration) was associated with increased mutagenicity. Chlorine dose, pH, and total organic carbon were also associated with mutagenicity, MX, and total trihalomethane (TTHM) concentration. Seasonal variation was evident for MX and mutagenic activity, with higher levels occurring in the spring compared to the fall. In contrast, TTHM concentrations were greater in the fall.
Being “Nimble and Flexible” Is New Surgeon General’s Goal
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new form of cellular arrangement in guinea-pig ear epidermis
Authors: WILLIAM S. BULLOUGH, JOHANNA U. R. STOLZE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

A new type of squame arrangements is described in guinea-pig ear epidermis. It is characterized by overlapping obliquely-angled outer cells and squames, which thus form a roof-tile pattern. This pattern develops in epidermis that is thicker than about 42 micron; in thinner epidermis the outer cells and squames form the usual columnar stacks. It is concluded that the roof-tile pattern, which is usually directed towards the ear edge, is typical of slight to moderate hyperplasia. In extreme hyperplasia, when the strata granulosum and corneum are destroyed, only cellular disorder is seen.
Treatment of chronic type B and C hepatitis with interferon alfa: An economic appraisal
Authors: Geoffrey M. Dusheiko, Jennifer A. Roberts
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this study is to assess the long-term economic impact of treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C with interferon alfa. Estimates were made of the progression of the disease over a 30-year period using a transitional probability model. Cohorts of 1,000 hypothetical patients with either chronic hepatitis B or C treated with interferon alfa were compared with an untreated cohort. The costs were estimated for therapy, monitoring, and treatment of the disease, including transplantation. The cost-effectiveness of therapy was expressed in terms of cost per life saved, cost per year of life saved, and cost per quality-adjusted year of life saved. The analysis was extended to include the indirect costs to patients. The analysis included two rates of progression, two mortality rates, and discounted and undiscounted costs. Mortality in the treated group was lower, saving 18 to 31 lives in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) cohort and 13 to 22 lives in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) cohort. Fewer patients progressed to cirrhosis or decompensated cirrhosis. Discounted costs per year of life saved ranged from 2,142 pounds to 17,128 pounds. A cost-benefit analysis indicated excess benefits over costs when values for life were included in the analysis. The potential usefulness of interferon alfa on the clinical and economic outcome of treatment is indicated from the model. These findings together with the benefits that are likely to accrue from the reduction in infectious individuals suggest that this therapy has a role to play in public health policy to contain the impact of hepatitis.
Global non-viral gene transfer to the primate brain following intravenous administration
Authors: Yun Zhang, Felix Schlachetzki, William M Pardridge
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Expression plasmids encoding either luciferase or beta-galactosidase were encapsulated in the interior of an "artificial virus" comprised of an 85 nm pegylated immunoliposome, which was targeted to the rhesus monkey brain in vivo with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the human insulin receptor (HIR). The HIRMAb enables the liposome carrying the exogenous gene to undergo transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier and endocytosis across the neuronal plasma membrane following intravenous injection. The level of luciferase gene expression in the brain was 50-fold higher in the rhesus monkey as compared to the rat. Widespread neuronal expression of the beta-galactosidase gene in primate brain was demonstrated by both histochemistry and confocal microscopy. This approach makes feasible reversible adult transgenics in 24 hours.
Abstract 3185: Rapid and efficient methods for preparing rRNA-depleted and directional RNA-Seq libraries from low-input and FFPE RNA samples
Authors: Roy Sooknanan, John Hitchen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Massively parallel sequencing of cDNA libraries (RNA-Seq) is rapidly becoming the preferred method for transcript profiling, and analysis of novel transcripts, novel isoforms, alternative splice sites, rare transcripts and cSNPs, compared to microarrays. Preparing NGS RNA-Seq libraries typically require first isolating rRNA-depleted RNA or enriching for poly(A)+ mRNA. However, total RNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) patient tissue samples is normally fragmented, making it not suitable for rRNA-depletion using some commercially available kits or poly(A)+ enrichment, which results in a 3′ sequence bias. Here, we present an efficient “single-pass” rRNA-depletion method (Ribo-Zero™ technology) for use with as little as 100 ng total RNA input from either intact or fragmented (e.g., FFPE) RNA samples. Additionally, an improved, more user-friendly version of the ScriptSeq™ RNA-Seq method (ScriptSeq™ v2) is used to rapidly prepare directional (∼99% strandedness) RNA-Seq libraries in about 2.5 hours, in a single-tube workflow, from either the intact or fragmented Ribo-Zero™ treated RNA samples. The ScriptSeq™ method does not require end-polishing, adaptor-ligation, cDNA fragmentation, or gel-size selection. The combined Ribo-Zero™ and ScriptSeq™ workflow is completed in about 5 hours, generating cluster-ready NGS libraries that contain &amp;lt;2 % of reads that map to rRNA sequences (nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded) and ∼98% of reads that map to the genome, while maintaining the representation of coding and non-coding transcripts, independent of polyadenylation. This reduction in rRNA sequence reads improves sequence depth and coverage of mRNA, and increases the percentage of uniquely mapped reads required for transcriptome analysis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3185. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3185
Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Thailand: a Case-Control Study
Authors: Saibua Chichareon, Rolando Herrero, Nubia Muñoz, F. Xavier Bosch, Marcel V. Jacobs, Judith Deacon, Mercedes Santamaria, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Jan M. M. Walboomers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 16 and 18 are clearly involved in the etiology of cervical cancer, but the evidence for the carcinogenicity of other HPV types is limited. Cofactors involved in the progression from infection with HPV to high-grade precursors and cancer have not been clearly defined by the results of previous studies.We conducted a hospital-based, case-control study of invasive cervical cancer to investigate risk in relation to HPV infection and its epidemiologic cofactors in Hat-Yai, Thailand. A total of 338 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 39 patients with adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma, and 261 control subjects were included in the study and were interviewed to obtain information with regard to cervical cancer risk factors. HPV DNA presence in cervical exfoliated cells or frozen biopsy specimens was determined by a polymerase chain reaction assay.HPV DNA was detected in 95% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 90% of those with adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma, and 16% of control subjects. For patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the most common types of HPV found were type 16 (60% of the positives), type 18 (18%), type 58 (3%), type 52 (3%), and type 31 (2%). For patients with adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma, the most common HPV types found were type 18 (60% of the positives), type 16 (37%), and type 45 (3%). The risk factors that remained associated with risk of both histologic types after adjustment for HPV and their mutual confounding effects were limited education, increasing number of sexual partners, history of venereal diseases, and interval since last Pap smear (i.e., cytologic) test. Among patients with squamous cell carcinoma, some association with smoking was also observed.New preventive strategies for cervical cancer will require the consideration of multiple HPV types.
Regulator is set to call in administrators to rescue Mid Staffordshire trust
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Regulators are preparing to put Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust into administration to safeguard services for patients. It will be the first foundation trust to have to be rescued in this way.

The board at Monitor, the independent regulator of foundation trusts, decided in principle on 27 February that appointing a trust special administrator was the only option to preserve services at the troubled organisation.

If appointed, the administrators will work with commissioners and other local healthcare organisations to produce a final plan …
Initial and long-term outcome of 354 patients after coronary balloon angioplasty of total coronary artery occlusions.
Authors: M R Bell, P B Berger, J F Bresnahan, G S Reeder, K R Bailey, D R Holmes
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Coronary balloon angioplasty of chronic total occlusions is associated with relatively low success rates and a high incidence of restenosis. Whether there is long-term benefit in performing angioplasty of these lesions is unknown. The purpose of the present report was to analyze the long-term outcome of a large series of patients undergoing this procedure.A computerized database analysis of 354 consecutive patients (from 1979 to 1990) who underwent coronary angioplasty of a chronic total coronary occlusion was performed (mean age, 62.3 years). Initial technical success was achieved in 69%; in 66%, success was achieved without procedural death or need for coronary artery surgery. During hospitalization, six patients suffered myocardial infarction, nine required emergency bypass surgery, and nine patients died. During a mean follow-up period of 2.7 years, no difference was found in survival or freedom from myocardial infarction among 234 successfully dilated patients compared with 120 patients with a failed attempt. However, the use of coronary artery bypass surgery was significantly less after successful dilation (p less than 0.0001 versus failed attempt). No significant difference in the cumulative incidence of severe angina was observed between these two patient populations, with the majority remaining asymptomatic. Restenosis occurred in 59% of 69 patients who returned for follow-up angiography.Successful recanalization is achieved in the majority of patients undergoing angioplasty of chronic total occlusions and reduces the need for coronary artery bypass surgery. However, no major impact on either survival or incidence of myocardial infarction was noted after successful recanalization when patients with surgery were included.
Granuloma of the Nose and Periarteritis Nodosa
Authors: H. J. M. Stratton, T. M. L. Price, M. O. Skelton
Journal: BMJ (1953)

parable patients with perforated duodenal ulcers were followed up after two to twelve years.Ten patients could not be traced.Eight (11 %) of the " gastric " patients, but none of the " duodenal " patients, are known to have died of carcinoma of the stomach.Seven (5%) of all the patients died of peptic ulcer.The late prognosis among the known survivors was unaffected by the sex or age of the patients or the site of the ulcer.It was affected by the length of history prior to the perforation and by whether or not the ulcer had been previously diagnosed; in the latter group 50% suffered a further gastric operation.The advantages and disadvantages of the three current methods of treatment are discussed, and it is concluded that no one method should be the method of choice in all cases.In any one series all three methods have their proper place.Tentative conclusions about the indications for choice of method in individual cases are suggested.We are most grateful to our colleagues at the Central Middlesex Hospital for permission to refer to cases treated under their care, and to Mr.