tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Factor, and Gamma G Globulin Fragments.
Authors: Joseph L. Hollander
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid Factor, and Gamma G Globulin Fragments.Joseph L. Hollander, M.D., F.A.C.P., Francisco P. Quismorio, M.D., Evan T. Owen, M.D., Arnold J. Rawson, M.D., Neva M. Abelson, M.D.Joseph L. Hollander, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Francisco P. Quismorio, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Evan T. Owen, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Arnold J. Rawson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Neva M. Abelson, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1195 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRheumatoid factor (RF) is an antibody to altered immunoglobulin G (IgG), but its role in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been established, nor has the nature or origin of any in vivo gamma globulin autoantigen been determined. Our earlier studies showed that RF-IgG complexes are demonstrable in synovial fluid phagocytes in RA; also that synovitis can be induced in quiescent joints of RF seropositive RA patients by intra-articular injection of 3 mg of IgG from Gm-matched rheumatoid serum, but not by IgG from normal serum.To study further this apparent antigenic difference between normal and RA IgG, we... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1195-1195KeywordsAntigensAutoantigenGlobulinsPathogenesisPhagocytesRheumatoid arthritisSynovial fluid Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Chromosomal anomalies in primary cutaneous follicle center cell lymphoma do not portend a poor prognosis
Authors: Alya Abdul-Wahab, Soo-Yong Tang, Alistair Robson, Stephen Morris, Nita Agar, E. Mary Wain, Fiona Child, Julia Scarisbrick, Michael Neat, Sean Whittaker
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Unusual effect of fenfluramine.
Authors: G Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1969)

BlumsHepisodes, dyskinetic movement disorder, and adoption as a drug of abuse, may all be added to the record of a drug which has already been associated with a small number of fatalities.As with other drugs introduced as substitutes for the amphetamines, claims have been made that fenfluramine is a drug of low toxicity which does not stimulate the central nervous system.These assertions can no longer be sustained, and it is imperative that the same caution be exercised in the use of this drug as would be appropriate to other central nervous stimulants.-Iam, etc.,
Virus antibodies in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue diseases.
Authors: J L Kalliomaki, P Halonen, A Salmi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Rubella and influenza A (H3N2) haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres and measles complement-fixing (CF), haemagglutination inhibition (HI), haemolysis inhibition (HLI), and ribonucleoprotein gel precipitation (RNP-GP) antibody titres were studied in the serum and synovial fluid of twenty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), two patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and two patients with Reiter's syndrome. Antibody titres were also studied in the serum and CSF of four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), one patient with dermatomyositis, and in the synovial fluid only of five patients with osteoarthritic knee effusions. Antibodies were found with each serological technique used in the synovial fluid of RA patients and the antibody titres were usually at about the same level as in the serum. The mean measles (HI, HLI, and RNP-GP) antibody titres were 4 to 6 times higher in the synovial fluid of RA patients than in synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritic knee effusions, but a corresponding difference was not found in rubella and influenza A antibody titres. The mean measles antibody titres (CF, HI, HKI, and RNP-GP) were consistently higher in the synovial fluid of RA patients without rheumatoid factor than in the synovial fluid of RA patients with rheumatoid factor. In serum this difference was observed only with measles CF titres. The mean measles, antibody titres were consistently lower in the serum and synovial fluid of the RA patients without the synovial fluid haemolytic complement than in the RA patients with this haemolytic complement. No similar differences were found in the rubella and influenza antibody titres. No significant measles antibody titres were found in the CSF of patients with SLE or dermatomyositis.
Premature deaths from cancer are down but visits to casualty are up, report says
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The latest progress report on the NHS in England by its chief executive, Nigel Crisp, shows a fall in the numbers of premature deaths from heart disease and cancer and a continuing fall in the average waiting time for hospital operations.

Ninety eight per cent of patients in emergency departments are now seen within four hours, but the number attending climbed sharply, rising by 8.8% (1.4 million) last year. Emergency admissions went up by 5% (220 000), and visits to walk-in centres rose by more than a third. Numbers of ambulance journeys and outpatient consultations also rose.

However, the number of emergency bed days–the measure …
Association between GIS-Based Exposure to Urban Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Birth Weight in the INMA Sabadell Cohort
Authors: Inmaculada Aguilera, Mònica Guxens, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Teresa Corbella, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Carles M. Foradada, Jordi Sunyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

There is growing evidence that traffic-related air pollution reduces birth weight. Improving exposure assessment is a key issue to advance in this research area.We investigated the effect of prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution via geographic information system (GIS) models on birth weight in 570 newborns from the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Sabadell cohort.We estimated pregnancy and trimester-specific exposures to nitrogen dioxide and aromatic hydrocarbons [benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, and o-xylene (BTEX)] by using temporally adjusted land-use regression (LUR) models. We built models for NO(2) and BTEX using four and three 1-week measurement campaigns, respectively, at 57 locations. We assessed the relationship between prenatal air pollution exposure and birth weight with linear regression models. We performed sensitivity analyses considering time spent at home and time spent in nonresidential outdoor environments during pregnancy.In the overall cohort, neither NO(2) nor BTEX exposure was significantly associated with birth weight in any of the exposure periods. When considering only women who spent < 2 hr/day in nonresidential outdoor environments, the estimated reductions in birth weight associated with an interquartile range increase in BTEX exposure levels were 77 g [95% confidence interval (CI), 7-146 g] and 102 g (95% CI, 28-176 g) for exposures during the whole pregnancy and the second trimester, respectively. The effects of NO(2) exposure were less clear in this subset.The association of BTEX with reduced birth weight underscores the negative role of vehicle exhaust pollutants in reproductive health. Time-activity patterns during pregnancy complement GIS-based models in exposure assessment.
New Jersey's Experiment with DRG-Based Hospital Reimbursement
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

As pointed out in my previous report1 Congress, in a recent policy edict supported by the Reagan administration, directed the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) to develop a new Medicare-payment system, the intent of which was to moderate the growth of government spending for health care and to force hospitals to assume greater financial risk for the care delivered within their institutions. Congress strongly suggested, and the DHHS has now embraced, an approach based on prospective payment per case, a milestone in policy whose roots stem from a federally sponsored demonstration in New Jersey that is beginning to . . .
How and over what timescales does neural reuse actually occur?
Authors: Francesco Donnarumma, Roberto Prevete, Giuseppe Trautteur
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract We isolate some critical aspects of the reuse notion in Anderson's massive redeployment hypothesis (MRH). We notice that the actual rearranging of local neural circuits at a timescale comparable with the reactivity timescale of the organism is left open. We propose the concept of programmable neural network as a solution.
Assessment of βrenergic Blockade with Propranolol in Patients with Cirrhosis
Authors: Eric Bercoff, Christian Bataille, Alexandre E. Pariente, Dominique Valla, Brigitte Delhotal, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Fourteen patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices were treated with propranolol. The dose of propranolol was determined by decreasing the resting heart rate by 25% 12 hr after an oral dose of propranolol which was given twice a day. Significant decreases in the hepatic venous pressure gradient and cardiac output after 1 month of propranolol administration was observed. To assess beta-adrenergic blockade, the isoproterenol test and plasma propranolol levels were evaluated. Increasing doses of isoproterenol were injected to increase the resting heart rate 25 beats per minute (chronotropic dose 25 or CD25 ). Plasma propranolol concentrations were measured in blood samples drawn 4 hr after the last oral dose. The mean CD25 was 5 +/- 2 micrograms before and 146 +/- 84 micrograms after 1 month of propranolol administration. The plasma propranolol level after 1 month of drug administration was 0.69 +/- 0.47 microM per liter i.e. 2.33 +/- 1.59 micrograms per ml. A significant correlation was found between the CD25 measured after continuous propranolol administration and plasma propranolol level. In conclusion, the efficacy of beta-adrenergic blockade was estimated by the isoproterenol test which correlates with the plasma propranolol level in patients with cirrhosis. This study suggests that the isoproterenol test is useful in assessing beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol in patients with cirrhosis.
A View From the Borderlands of Philosophical Bioethics and Empirical Social Science Research: How the ‘Is’ Can Inform the ‘Ought’
Authors: Catherine Myser
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

I speak from the borderlands of philosophical bioethics (my primary discipline) and empirical social science research (my secondary discipline). As such, I strongly agree with Kon's (2009) core the...
Intraindividual Relationships between Blood Pressure Level and Emotional State
Authors: Teruichi Shimomitsu, Töres Theorell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

Because of the increasing attention to the association between emotion and blood pressure (BP) during activity, there is a need to examine the subjects' own description of feelings in relation to different levels of BP during activity.Fifty-eight Swedish subjects in six occupational groups were instructed to measure their own BP and subsequently record emotions at 1-hour intervals during waking hours. This was repeated during 4 different working days. Emotional states were recorded on a 4-point scale. Relationships between BP and each emotion were analyzed individually.One fourth of the subjects were unable to relate BP variations to emotional states whereas more than one tenth reported correlations between at least five different adjectives and BP. The number of adjectives correlated with systolic BP in an individual was linearly related to the individual's variation in systolic BP-the more significant the adjective the more systolic BP variation. Systolic BP increase with increasing job strain showed a curvilinear relationship with number of adjectives related to systolic BP-those with no significant adjectives and those with excessively many were those who showed the most increase in systolic BP with increasing job strain.Despite the fact that subjects recorded their emotions after the BP measurement, as many as 25% were unable to see any relationship between emotion and BP. This groups as well as those who described many emotion correlates had marked elevations in systolic BP with increasing job strain.
Calculation of Breast Cancer Probability
Authors: ANTOINE LAPLANCHE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1986Calculation of Breast Cancer ProbabilityANTOINE LAPLANCHE, M.D.ANTOINE LAPLANCHE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-124_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with much interest the review by Mushlin, "Diagnostic Tests in Breast Cancer," in the July issue (1). However, I do not understand the discrepancy between Figure 1, where the probability of malignancy of a palpable mass found clinically in a breast is stated to be 0.2, and Table 2, where (assuming that the positivity of the physical examination refers to a palpable mass and that the prevalence of malignant disease is 0.01) the "same" probability falls to 0.037. By the way, I found no explanation in the text for the sensitivity of 38% and specificity...Reference1. MUSHLIN A. Diagnostic tests in breast cancer: clinical strategies based on diagnostic probabilities. Ann Intern Med. 1984;103:79-85. LinkGoogle Scholar1. MUSHLIN A. Diagnostic tests in breast cancer: clinical strategies based on diagnostic probabilities. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:79-85. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VENETSTRAXVENETSHAPIRO LPWS. Adequacies and inadequacies of breast examination by physicians in mass screening. Cancer. 1971;28:1546-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centre Hospitalier de Neuilly-sur-Seine Neilly 92202 France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1986Volume 104, Issue 1Page: 124-125KeywordsBreast cancerFallsSpecificity Issue Published: 1 January 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Improves Myocardial Performance in Infarcted Rat Hearts
Authors: Oren Caspi, Irit Huber, Izhak Kehat, Manhal Habib, Gil Arbel, Amira Gepstein, Lior Yankelson, Doron Aronson, Rafael Beyar, Lior Gepstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
The uninvolved psoriatic epidermis
Authors: A. JARRETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Normal control and apparently unaffected skin from psoriatics have been compared quantitatively for their acid phosphatase activity. The unaffected skin from psoriatics shows a more rapid reaction, which may be related to a lysosomal defect. No marked differences were detected in the dehydrogenase reactions in these two tissues. However, in frankly involved psoriatic skin it has previously been shown that there is a marked increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the transitional zone. In the present report an increase in glycero-phosphate dehydrogenase activity has been demonstrated in the lower portion of psoriatic epidermis.
Aging Per Se Does Not Influence Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Pascal Imbeault, Johannes B. Prins, Manuela Stolic, Anthony W. Russell, Trisha O’Moore-Sullivan, Jean-Pierre Després, Claude Bouchard, Angelo Tremblay
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To assess the effect of age on glucose metabolism by examining 1) glucose metabolism in young and middle-aged subjects when total or regional adiposity is taken into account and 2) in vitro glucose transport in adipose tissue explants from young and middle-aged women paired for total and abdominal adiposity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Study 1: body composition, subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue areas, and fasting and oral glucose–stimulated glucose and insulin were measured in 84 young and 81 middle-aged men and in 110 young and 91 middle-aged women. Study 2: glucose uptake in subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue explants were measured in eight young and eight middle-aged women. RESULTS—Study 1: young and middle-aged men showed similar subcutaneous abdominal tissue area, whereas fat mass and visceral adipose tissue were greater in middle-aged than in young men (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Fat mass and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue areas were greater in middle-aged as compared with young women (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Fasting plasma glucose and the glucose response to an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in middle-aged than in young men and women (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Statistical control for visceral adipose tissue area eliminated the difference seen in glucose response in men and women. Study 2: glucose transport in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue did not differ between young and middle-aged women. CONCLUSIONS—1) Visceral obesity, more than age per se, correlates with glucose intolerance in middle-aged subjects; 2) aging does not influence in vitro adipose tissue glucose uptake.
MANAGEMENT OF PULPLESS TEETH.
Authors: J. TAFT
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Two thoughts induce us to present the following suggestions upon the subject indicated by the above title: 1, that pulpless teeth and roots are susceptible of being retained in the mouth and made serviceable and comfortable under a proper treatment, for a much longer period than is usually realized in the modes of treatment adopted; 2, faulty management is so very common that it would seem important that some effort ought to be made for a better mode of procedure in this particular of practice. It is entirely familiar to all dentists of much observation and discrimination, that by far the larger share of disease and discomfort from affected teeth occurs in cases where the pulps have been destroyed (usually the result of decay). Disease and severe pain many a time occur before devitalization of the tooth-pulp, and without some appropriate treatment, the teeth are disintegrated and destroyed. Physiologically, teeth
Elevated body mass index as a causal risk factor for symptomatic gallstone disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Stefan Stender, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of gallstone disease. Whether this reflects a causal association is unknown. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we studied 77,679 individuals from the general population. Of these, 4,106 developed symptomatic gallstone disease during up to 34 years of follow-up. Subjects were genotyped for three common variants known to associate with BMI: FTO(rs9939609); MC4R(rs17782313); and TMEM18(rs6548238). The number of BMI-increasing alleles was calculated for each participant. In observational analyses, mean baseline BMI was 55% (11.6 kg/m2) increased in individuals in the fifth quintile versus the first quintile, similar in women and men. The corresponding multifactorially adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for symptomatic gallstone disease was 2.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.32-3.46) overall, 3.36 (95% CI: 2.62-4.31) in women, and 1.51 (95% CI: 1.09-2.11) in men (P trend: 0.001 to <0.001; P interaction: BMI*sex on risk = 0.01). In genetic analyses, carrying 6 versus 0-1 BMI-increasing alleles was associated with a 5.2% (1.3 kg/m2) increase in BMI overall and with increases of 4.3% in women and 6.1% in men (all P trend: <0.001). Corresponding HRs for symptomatic gallstone disease were 1.43 (95% CI: 0.99-2.05) overall, 1.54 (95% CI: 1.00-2.35) in women, and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.60-2.38) in men (P trend = 0.007, 0.02, and 0.26, respectively; P interaction allele score*sex on risk = 0.49). The estimated causal odds ratio (OR) for symptomatic gallstone disease, by instrumental variable analysis for a 1 kg/m2 increase in genetically determined BMI, was 1.17 (95% CI: 0.99-1.37) overall and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.00-1.44) and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.90-1.16) in women and men, respectively. Corresponding observational HRs were 1.07 (95% CI: 1.06-1.08), 1.08 (95% CI: 1.07-1.10), and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02-1.07), respectively. Conclusion: These results are compatible with a causal association between elevated BMI and increased risk of symptomatic gallstone disease, which is most pronounced in women. (Hepatology 2013; 58:2133–2141)
Mammographic Screening in Women Younger Than 50 Years-Reply
Authors: Susan M. Love
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Unlike Dr Kopans, we believe that public policies about screening should be based on verifiable, published information. The unpublished meta-analysis to which Kopans refers excludes the major Canadian study,<sup>1</sup>which was the only study explicitly designed to assess the value of screening women younger than 50 years, and includes unpublished data from the Gothenburg study. Thus, significance is only achieved by the selective inclusion of data. Kopans' unreferenced allegation that radiation after 40 years of age carries no increased risk of cancer is wrong, as two recent studies show.<sup>2,3</sup>While contemporary radiation-induced cancer risks from mammography are much lower than those in past studies, the younger a woman is when regular radiation exposure begins, the greater her lifetime risk.<sup>4</sup> Moreover, providing mammographic screening to women in their 20s and 30s, as some are doing today, could place them at increased radiogenic risk, both from the
Effectiveness of pertussis vaccines for adolescents and adults: case-control study
Authors: R. Baxter, J. Bartlett, A. Rowhani-Rahbar, B. Fireman, N. P. Klein
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the effectiveness of reduced acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines in adolescents and adults. <b>Setting</b> Kaiser Permanente Northern California. <b>Design</b> Case-control study. <b>Participants</b> All polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed cases of pertussis in members aged 11 years and older from January 2006 to December 2011. We compared the Tdap vaccination status of PCR positive cases with two control groups: people testing negative for pertussis by PCR and closely matched people from the general Kaiser Permanente Northern California population. <b>Main outcome measure</b> PCR confirmed pertussis. The association of Tdap vaccination with the odds of pertussis infection was estimated by conditional logistic regression, with adjustment for calendar time, pertussis vaccine type received in early childhood, age, sex, race or ethnic group, and medical clinic. We calculated Tdap vaccine effectiveness as 1 minus the adjusted odds ratio. <b>Results</b> The study population included 668 PCR positive cases, 10 098 PCR negative controls, and 21 599 Kaiser Permanente Northern California matched controls. Tdap vaccination rates were 24.0% in PCR positive cases and 31.9% in PCR negative controls (P&lt;0.001). The adjusted estimate of effectiveness of Tdap vaccination against pertussis was 53.0% (95% confidence interval 41.9% to 62.0%) in the comparison with PCR controls, and 64.0% (55.5% to 70.9%) in the comparison with Kaiser Permanente Northern California controls. <b>Conclusion</b> Tdap vaccination was moderately effective at preventing PCR confirmed pertussis among adolescents and adults.