tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Infant Feeding To-day
Authors: A. J. Salter
Journal: BMJ (1965)

upper limb.At the end of a week she was walking fairly well, but still had considerable weakness of the left arm and hand.Cerebrospinal fluid and routine haematologic investigations were normal.Radiographs of chest and skull were also normal.An angiogram per- formed on the third day showed marked irregu- larities in the first part of the right middle cerebral artery (see Figure ).An air encephalogram done on the sixteenth day showed a normal ventricular system.When examined one month after the onset of the hemiplegia she still had slight residual weak- ness of the left upper limb, increased deep reflexes in the left upper and lower limbs, and extensor plantar response on the left side.-I am, etc.
Protecting Research Subjects — The Crisis at Johns Hopkins
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

In June 2001, Ellen Roche, a healthy young technician at the Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, died during an asthma study. The tragedy prompted several intensive investigations of research oversight at Johns Hopkins and led to the temporary suspension of all federally funded research projects at the institution. In this Health Policy Report, Steinbrook provides a detailed discussion of the outcome of the investigations, the response from Johns Hopkins, and the wider lessons for all involved in clinical investigation.
DDT Storage in the US Population
Authors: Griffith E. Quinby
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Analysis of fat samples from 130 subjects indicated that the general population of the US had a mean storage level of 4.0 parts per million (ppm) DDT and 7.8 ppm 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) Geographic differences between samples taken in Phoenix, Atlanta, Louisville, and Wenatchee, Wash, were not evident. No difference between levels of DDT or DDE in the general population and in persons living in areas of extensive agricultural use of DDT were noted; however, occupationally-exposed workers had higher levels. Comparison of results of the present study with those of earlier surveys revealed no distinct directional trend in the storage level of DDT or DDE over the years between 1950 and 1962. The DDT storage level for the US was higher than for Canada, England, France, and West Germany, but about the same as for Hungary.
THE RECOGNITION AND TREATMENT OF EARLY MYXEDEMA IN CHILDHOOD.
Authors: FREDERICK BIERHOFF
Journal: JAMA (1898)

That myxedema is not a disease<i>per se</i>, but a symptom, or collection of symptoms, dependent upon the absence, or upon a diseased condition of the thyroid gland, is now generally accepted to be a fact, the degree of severity of the symptoms depending upon the extent to which destruction of the secreting portion of the gland in question has taken place. That cretinism, myxedema and goiter (so-called) are but variations of the one disease, is a view that is gaining adherents, as closer study into these conditions reveals the similarity in many of their symptoms, and the excellent results obtained in their treatment by the same therapeutic means. Sir William Gull<sup>1</sup>first defined myxedema as ''a cretinoid state supervening in adult life in women," and drew attention to the similarity between myxedema and cretinism, expressing his opinion that both are allied. Ord<sup>2</sup>and others have also pointed
Ear-Lobe Crease and Coronary-Artery Heart Disease
Authors: George G. Rhoads, Katsuhiko Yano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1977Ear-Lobe Crease and Coronary-Artery Heart DiseaseGEORGE G. RHOADS, M.D., F.A.C.P., KATSUHIKO YANO, M.D.GEORGE G. RHOADS, M.D., F.A.C.P., KATSUHIKO YANO, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-2-245_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The accumulating evidence linking coronary heart disease to a crease in the ear lobe was recently summarized and updated by Lichstein and co-authors (1). Certain limitations of the data should be emphasized. For instance, there is room for substantial disagreement in the diagnosis of ear-lobe crease. In our experience, more than 80% of middle-aged and older men have visible wrinkles across the ear lobe, and in borderline cases it is a matter of judgment as to whether these are deep and long enough to be considered a crease. That this judgment is variable is suggested by comparison...References1. LICHSTEINCHAPMANGUPTA EIP: Diagonal ear-lobe crease and coronary artery sclerosis. Ann Intern Med 85:337-338, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. LICHSTEINCHADDANAIK EKD: Diagonal ear-lobe crease: prevalence and implications as a coronary risk factor. N Engl J Med 290:615-616, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. STERNLIEBGAUDAVIS JGG: The ear crease sign in coronary artery disease (abstract). Circulation 50:III-152, 1974 Google Scholar4. RHOADSKLEINYANO GKK: The earlobe crease-sign of obesity in middle-aged Japanese men. Hawaii Med J 36:73-77, 1977 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Relationship Between Earlobe Creases and the Presence, Extent, and Severity of Coronary Artery AtherosclerosisAssociation Between the Frank Sign and Cardiovascular EventsRelation of the Bilateral Earlobe Crease to Endothelial DysfunctionDiagonal Ear-Lobe Crease is Correlated With Atherosclerotic Changes in Carotid ArteriesThe Earlobe Crease, Coronary Artery Disease, and Sudden Cardiac DeathDiagonal earlobe creases and ischemic stroke: Preliminary reportThe replyEar Lobe Crease and Coronary Artery DiseaseClues to Cardiac Diagnosis from the General ExaminationEar lobe crease and coronary artery diseaseCutaneous Signs of Coronary Artery DiseaseEar-Lobe Crease in American IndiansJEFFREY R. FISHER, M.D., MAURICE L. SIEVERS, M.D.Diagonal Ear Lobe Crease and Coronary Risk Factors 1 August 1977Volume 87, Issue 2Page: 245-245KeywordsCardiovascular therapyCoronary heart disease Issue Published: 1 August 1977 PDF DownloadLoading ...
PD07-02: Docetaxel Is Superior to Paclitaxel Given Every Three Weeks in Post Operative Patients with Node-Positive Breast Cancer: Results of the Final Analyses of the NSAS-BC (National Surgical Adjuvant Study of Breast Cancer) 02 Trial from Japan.
Authors: T Watanabe, M Kuranami, K Inoue, N Masuda, K Aogi, S Ohno, H Iwata, H Mukai, Y Uemura, Y Ohashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Four cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (4-AC) followed by four cycles of a taxane is widely used for postoperative chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC). Concern about relatively rare, but life-threatening toxicity of anthracyclines such as heart failure and secondary leukemia has promoted research to seek anthracycline-free regimens. Since 1990's when taxanes were introduced, docetaxel (DTX) is used interchangeably with paclitaxel (PTX) for the treatment of BC, but they may differ more than initially anticipated. We conducted this trial to test two hypotheses: (1) Eight cycles of a taxane is not inferior to 4-AC followed by four cycles of a taxane; (2) one taxane is superior to the other. Methods: Eligibility included a diagnosis of clinical stage I-IIIA and axillary node-positive BC, an age younger than 71 years and with performance status of 0 to 1. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either one of the following regimens;ACP: 4-AC (doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 q3w x 4) followed by 4-PTX (175 mg/m2 q3w x 4)ACD: 4-AC followed by 4-DTX (75 mg/m2 q3w x 4)8-PTX: PTX (175 mg/m2 q3w x 8)8-DTX: DTX (75 mg/m2 q3w x 8) Comparisons included PTX vs. DTX (ACP + 8-PTX vs. ACD + 8-DTX) and +AC vs. -AC (ACP + ACD vs. 8-PTX + 8-DTX). The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS), and the secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS). The trial was powered to prove the non-inferiority of +AC to -AC (threshold hazard ratio 1.32) in terms of DFS. DFS was also compared between PTX and DTX to determine any superiority. Results: A total of 1,060 eligible patients were accrued at 84 centers between December 2001 and April 2006. There were 348 DFS events and 166 deaths after a median followup of 72.2 months. DTX was superior to PTX in terms of both DFS (Hazard ratio(HR) 0.76; 95% Confidence Interval(CI) 0.62−0.95, p=0.012) and OS (HR 0.72;95%CI 0.53−0.97, p=0.033). -AC was not inferior to +AC with respect to DFS (HR: 1.21, 90% CI 1.01−1.44). Among the four arms, 8-PTX alone resulted in poorer DFS (compared with ACP, HR 1.42 95%CI 1.07−1.89). Nausea and vomiting were more frequent with +AC than -AC. Edema and febrile neutropenia were more frequent with DTX than PTX. The incidence of sensory neuropathy was higher with PTX than DTX and it lasted for more than one year of the end of PTX treatment. Conclusions: When AC, PTX and DTX were given every three weeks, both DFS and OS were better in the arms including DTX than in those including PTX. AC followed by a taxane can be replaced by 8-DTX. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD07-02.
Migraine prodromes separated from the aura: complete migraine.
Authors: J N Blau
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Detailed questioning of 50 patients with uncomplicated migraine has shown that 17 had symptoms that preceded the headache phase by several hours. These prodromes consisted of changes in mood, behaviour, wakefulness, appetite, bowel activity, or fluid balance. The term "complete migraine" is proposed for attacks that include prodromal symptoms, whose occurrence implies an initial diffuse cerebral or hypothalamic disturbance.
Nitric oxide synthase: An endogenous source of elevated nitrite in infected urine
Authors: Shannon D. Smith, Marcia A. Wheeler, Robert M. Weiss
Journal: Kidney International (1994)

To further define the endogenous sources of urine nitrite in urinary tract infections, we measured urinary nitrite levels by the Griess method and assayed urinary nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity by the conversion of 14C-arginine to 14C-citrulline. Endogenous production of 14C-citrulline was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. Exogenous L-arginine increased nitrite production in whole infected urine, but not in bacteria isolated from infected urine. Urinary tract infections significantly increased NO synthase activity in soluble urine fractions, although soluble activity was less than 10% of particulate activity. Urine particulate fractions from women with non-infected urine had greater NO synthase activity than particulate fractions from men with non-infected urine, 11 +/- 2 and 0.2 +/- 0.1 picomol/min/mg protein, respectively. Urinary tract infections increased NO synthase activity in urine particulate fractions from women and men, 99 +/- 20 and 48 +/- 9 picomol/min/mg protein, respectively. The conversion of 14C-arginine to 14C-citrulline required NADPH, was calcium independent, and was inhibited to a greater extent by L-canavanine than by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or NG-nitro-L-arginine. Human infected urine contains an isoform of NO synthase which is an endogenous source of urine nitrite.
Autopsy Studies in Atherosclerosis
Authors: ROBERT H. WILKINS, JAMES C. ROBERTS, CAMPBELL MOSES
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The incidences of obesity, hypertension, nephrosclerosis, and rheumatic carditis in 500 adult patients were noted at autopsy, and were correlated with the distribution and severity of concomitant atherosclerosis. In men, obesity uncomplicated by hypertension was associated with a significant increase in the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and the occurrence of cardiac catastrophes. Uncomplicated obesity in women appeared to have no effect upon concomitant atherosclerosis. Hypertension in men was associated with significantly increased coronary and cerebral atherosclerosis, and with a greater occurrence of myocardial infarction. Hypertensive women had significantly more severe atherosclerosis than normotensive women in most of the arteries studied, and also had significantly more myocardial infarcts. The atherosclerosis of patients who had nephrosclerosis was similar in distribution and severity to that of patients who had hypertension. The presence of rheumatic carditis appeared not to influence the extent or severity of concomitant atherosclerosis.
Congenital anterior abdominal wall defects
Authors: L. Chitty, J. Iskaros
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Congenital anterior abdominal wall defectsEnvironmentalfactors, improved prenatal screening, orpoor data collection may explain changing incidence Accurate epidemiological data about the incidence of congeni- tal malformations is essential for studying underlying risk fac- tors, implementing possible preventative measures, and providing services.The data reported by Tan et al in this
Corrigendum to: “Comparison of resection and ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A cohort study based on a Japanese nationwide survey” [J Hepatol 2013;58:724–729]
Authors: Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Norihiro Kokudo, Masatoshi Makuuchi, Namiki Izumi, Takafumi Ichida, Masatoshi Kudo, Yonson Ku, Michiie Sakamoto, Osamu Nakashima, Osamu Matsui, Yutaka Matsuyama
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Tackling group-level traits by starting at the start
Authors: Maciej Chudek, Joseph Henrich
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

We agree that emergent group-level properties are important; however, we disagree that current approaches, especially culture-gene coevolutionary (CGC) approaches, have neglected them. We explain how CGC helps demystify the tumult of humans' group-level complexity by "starting at the start," and why (a) assuming undifferentiated individuals and (b) focusing on cooperation are actually powerful tools to this end.
The Ponderous Chains of the Past
Authors: Woods Nash
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification and Characterization of Novel Superantigens from Streptococcus pyogenes
Authors: Thomas Proft, S. Louise Moffatt, Celia J. Berkahn, John D. Fraser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Three novel streptococcal superantigen genes (spe-g, spe-h, and spe-j) were identified from the Streptococcus pyogenes M1 genomic database at the University of Oklahoma. A fourth novel gene (smez-2) was isolated from the S. pyogenes strain 2035, based on sequence homology to the streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin z (smez) gene. SMEZ-2, SPE-G, and SPE-J are most closely related to SMEZ and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE)-C, whereas SPE-H is most similar to the staphylococcal toxins than to any other streptococcal toxin. Recombinant (r)SMEZ, rSMEZ-2, rSPE-G, and rSPE-H were mitogenic for human peripheral blood lymphocytes with half-maximal responses between 0.02 and 50 pg/ml (rSMEZ-2 and rSPE-H, respectively). SMEZ-2 is the most potent superantigen (SAg) discovered thus far. All toxins, except rSPE-G, were active on murine T cells, but with reduced potency. Binding to a human B-lymphoblastoid line was shown to be zinc dependent with high binding affinity of 15-65 nM. Evidence from modeled protein structures and competitive binding experiments suggest that high affinity binding of each toxin is to the major histocompatibility complex class II beta chain. Competition for binding between toxins was varied and revealed overlapping but discrete binding to subsets of class II molecules in the hierarchical order (SMEZ, SPE-C) > SMEZ-2 > SPE-H > SPE-G. The most common targets for the novel SAgs were human Vbeta2.1- and Vbeta4-expressing T cells. This might reflect a specific role for this subset of Vbetas in the immune defense of gram-positive bacteria.
Peripheral Venous Blood Concentrations of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine in Primary Raynaud's Disease
Authors: J. H. PEACOCK
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Chromatographic separation and biologic assay of extracts from the peripheral venous blood of patients with primary Raynaud's disease have been performed. An increase in the venous concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine was found, both under warm resting conditions and conditions of sympathetic stimulation by indirect cold, in patients with this disease.
Technetium-99m Pertechnetate and Gallium-67 Imaging in Salivary Gland Disease
Authors: TOMOMITSU HIGASHI, JUNICHI SHINDO, F RICHARD EVERHART, YUTAKA MORI, HAZIMU KASAI, SHOKEI KOGURE, HIROMI WAKAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Thirty–two patients with salivary gland tumors or sialadenitis were studied with Tc–99m pertechnetate and Ga–67 imaging and, in some instances, sialography. The diagnostic algorithm presented allows the correct categorization of the salivary gland pathology in the vast majority of patients. The patients were studied serially with Tc–99m pertechnetate, Ga–67, and in certain situations sialography (or CT–sialography). Use of the algorithm can distinguish benign salivary tumors from malignant tumors and malignant tumors from inflammatory disease. The limitations and pitfalls of interpretation are discussed.
Paranoid psychosis induced by tocainide.
Authors: P Currie, D R Ramsdale
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Adverse effects of tocainide include tremor, dysarthria, nausea, blurred vision, night sweats, and paraesthesia.' 3 4Our two patients developed an acute short lived confusional state with paranoid features after receiving tocainide.Paranoid delusions and mental impairment
High expression of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF1) is a novel favorable prognostic factor in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Klaus H. Metzeler, Bernhard Heilmeier, Katrin E. Edmaier, Vijay P. S. Rawat, Annika Dufour, Konstanze Döhner, Michaela Feuring-Buske, Jan Braess, Karsten Spiekermann, Thomas Büchner, Maria C. Sauerland, Hartmut Döhner, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Stefan K. Bohlander, Richard F. Schlenk, Lars Bullinger, Christian Buske
Journal: Blood (2012)
Relation of plasma levels and composition of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins to angiographically defined coronary artery disease in young patients with myocardial infarction.
Authors: P Tornvall, P Båvenholm, C Landou, U de Faire, A Hamsten
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia is a common metabolic disturbance in men &lt; 45 years old with myocardial infarction. To further investigate the relation between triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and severity of coronary atherosclerosis in this subset of postinfarction patients, apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins of 64 consecutive patients were subfractionated in connection with coronary angiography. METHODS AND RESULTS Density-gradient ultracentrifugation of plasma and coronary angiography were performed 4 to 6 months after the myocardial infarction. Global coronary atherosclerosis and the number and severity of distinct stenoses were evaluated by semiquantitative analysis of 15 proximal coronary segments. The majority of the patients (60%) were hypertriglyceridemic and had higher coronary scores than normotriglyceridemic patients. Of the major plasma lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction were associated with global coronary atherosclerosis, whereas LDL triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol correlated directly and inversely, respectively, with the coronary stenosis score. Plasma apolipoprotein B correlated with both coronary scores. The plasma concentrations of lipid and protein in the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) subfractions (VLDL1 through VLDL3) and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) did not correlate with either of the coronary scores, whereas the concentration of triglycerides in dense LDL (density &gt; 1.040 kg/L) was strongly associated with both coronary scores. Compositional analysis of the smallest VLDL particles (VLDL3) and IDL revealed a correlation between the number of cholesteryl ester molecules in small VLDL and global coronary atherosclerosis in hypertriglyceridemic patients. CONCLUSIONS Global coronary atherosclerosis and distinct stenoses in young postinfarction patients are associated with the number of apolipoprotein B-containing particles in plasma and the concentration of LDL triglyceride. Specifically, dense triglyceride-rich LDL particles and, in hypertriglyceridemic patients, small cholesteryl ester-rich VLDL particles relate to coronary artery disease severity.
Hyperplastic Cellular Remodeling of the Media in Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Paul C.Y. Tang, Michael A. Coady, Constantinos Lovoulos, Alan Dardik, Mihaela Aslan, John A. Elefteriades, George Tellides
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Progressive medial degeneration and atrophy is thought to be a cause of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms in the elderly. Extensive apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been demonstrated in the media of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We investigated whether medial atrophy from loss of VSMCs occurs in primary ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms. Methods and Results— Morphometric analysis of 28 nonaneurysmal ascending thoracic aortas and 29 ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms was performed by directly measuring the thickness of their vascular layers and by indirectly calculating the area of their vascular compartments. The cellular and matrix composition of the media was assessed at the structural, protein, and transcript levels. Despite thinning of the media secondary to vascular dilatation, there was an overall increase in the medial area of aneurysms. VSMC density was preserved, implying cellular hyperplasia as a result of the increased medial mass. There was decreased expression of matrix proteins, despite sustained synthesis of these molecules, which was associated with evidence of increased matrix degradation. The remodeling and expansion of the media was most evident in comparisons between nonaneurysmal aortas versus smaller aneurysms and did not evolve further in larger aneurysms. Conclusions— The mechanisms for luminal enlargement in thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms differ significantly with regard to the survival of VSMCs and atrophy of the media but share common pathophysiology involving degeneration of the matrix. Hyperplastic cellular remodeling of the media in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms may be an initial adaptive response to minimize increased wall stress resulting from vascular dilatation.
Prevention of severe toxic liver injury and oxidative stress in MCP-1-deficient mice
Authors: Elena Zamara, Sara Galastri, Sara Aleffi, Ilaria Petrai, Manuela Aragno, Raffaella Mastrocola, Erica Novo, Cristiana Bertolani, Stefano Milani, Francesco Vizzutti, Alessandro Vercelli, Massimo Pinzani, Giacomo Laffi, Giorgio LaVilla, Maurizio Parola, Fabio Marra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)