tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is there chaos in the brain?
Authors: Hubert Preissl, Werner Lutzenberger, Friedemann Pulvermüller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract For some years there has been a controversy about whether brain state variables such as EEG or neuronal spike trains exhibit chaotic behaviour. Wright &amp; Liley claim that the local dynamics measured by spike trains or local field potentials exhibit chaotic behaviour, but global measures like EEG should be governed by linear dynamics. We propose a different scheme. Based on simulation studies and various experiments, we suggest that the pointwise dimension of EEG time series may provide some valuable information about underlying neuronal generators.
Points: Multiple use of disposable syringes for insulin injections
Authors: B. Sandler
Journal: BMJ (1982)

p 4), I discussed this with the authors.In view of the fact that neither microscopic nor the earliest lymph node invasion is demonstrated by computed tomography, it appeared essential to define the track or volume within which malignant disease spread up the lym- phatics.This has been demonstrated in a series of 35-mm slides covering the lymphatic volume from the pelvis up through the abdomen and thorax to the root of the neck.This surprisingly small volume was agreed for surgical and radiotherapy planning for "cur- able" cancer with around 100 experienced consultants in surgery, radiology, and radio- therapy, on an extensive tour of Europe, Canada, and the United States.
BMA urges coordinated national strategy for care of drug misusers
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A multidisciplinary national strategy and increased funding are needed to tackle drug misuse in the UK, says the BMA in its new report, The Misuse of Drugs , published last week.

The report considers that the budget needed to treat drug dependency in England and Wales could be close to double the current £67m ($107m) allocation. It also recommends expanding …
1114 ANTI-VIRAL EFFICACY AND INDUCTION OF AN ANTIBODY RESPONSE AGAINST SURFACE ANTIGEN WITH THE TLR7 AGONIST GS-9620 IN THE WOODCHUCK MODEL OF CHRONIC HBV INFECTION
Authors: S. Menne, B.C. Tennant, K.H. Liu, M.A. Ascenzi, B.H. Baldwin, C.A. Bellezza, P.J. Cote, X. Zheng, G. Wolfgang, D. Turnas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Study "guesstimated" how many cancers would have occurred without mammography screening
Authors: D. B. Kopans
Journal: BMJ (2014)

De Glas and colleagues’ conclusions are incorrect, having adopted the faulty method used by Bleyer and Welch.1 2 All authors incorrectly claimed massive overdiagnosis of breast cancer and failure to reduce the rate of advanced cancers.3 4

Both papers rely on “guesstimating” how many cancers would have occurred without screening and falsely claim that the excess beyond their guesses would …
Imipramine Therapy and Seizures: Three Children Treated for Hyperactive Behavior Disorders
Authors: DAVID BROWN, BERTRAND G. WINSBERG, IRV BIALER, MARK PRESS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The authors report three cases of children who developed seizures while receiving imipramine treatment for hyperactive-aggressive behavior disorders; all three children had organic brain disease but no previous history of seizures. Two of the children remained seizure-free after anticonvulsant medication was added to the imipramine regimen. The authors suggest that clinicians prescribing imipramine be alert to the possible complication of seizures.
Marginal Zone Lymphoma Involving Subcutaneous Fat
Authors: Elise A. Chong, Drew A. Torigian, Anthony R. Mato, Lisa H. Downs, Stephen J. Schuster
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Although marginal zone lymphomas are relatively common, comprising 5% to 8% of all lymphomas, extranodal involvement of the subcutaneous fat is unusual. We report the F-18-2-fluoro-2-d-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography appearance of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma involving the subcutaneous fat in a 49-year-old woman with a history of previously treated gastric marginal zone lymphoma.
Abstract LB-155: Molecular targeted therapy of stem cell leukemia-lymphoma induced by ZNF198-FGFR1
Authors: Mingqiang Ren, John K. Cowell
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chimeric ZNF198-FGFR1 tyrosine kinase induces patients developing stem cell leukemia-lymphoma syndrome (SCLL), a novel hematological malignancy characterized by rapid transformation to acute myeloid leukemia and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. Current therapy is inadequate. Using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) we have previously demonstrated that a loss of TCR is a crucial event that perturbed the final maturation stages of T cell development and induced double positive T-lymphoma formation. However, TCR knockout mice did not show T-cell lymphoma development, which indicates that deletion of TCR is unsufficient to induce T-lymphoblastic lymphoma formation. Here we demonstrate that the constitutive activation of Notch1 is frequently seen in the lymphoma from ZNF198-FGFR1 transduced and transplanted mice, in consistent with high expression of the majority of known downstream targets of Notch1. Using ZNF112 cells, a newly derived cell lines from one disease mouse bone marrow, as a model system we found that both DAPT (a γ-secretase inhibitor to block Notch signaling) and transcriptional knockdown of either Notch1 or its co-activator MAML1 via shRNA in ZNF112 cells can significantly delay or prevent the leukemogenesis in syngeneic transplanted mice. These data demonstrate the importance of Notch signaling in the etiology of this disease and provide an important clinical implication that tyrosine kinase inhibitors plus drugs inhibiting Notch signaling can be a promising strategy to treat SCLL patients. This work was supported by grant CA076167 from the National Institutes of Health. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-155.
THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTROPHIED TONSILS.Read by title before the Section of Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Washington, D. C., May 1, 1891.
Authors: CHAS. H. KNIGHT
Journal: JAMA (1891)

An enlarged tonsil may project beyond the pillars of the fauces without giving rise to any special subjective symptoms, or it may provoke serious disturbance and yet be invisible except during the act of retching. It may interfere with hearing, impede breathing, or obstruct swallowing, or it may simply be the cause of pharyngeal irritability or of various reflex disorders. The amount of functional derangement excited by an enlarged tonsil depends in part upon the relative dimensions of the faucial space and upon the temperament of the individual. Moderate hypertrophy in a contracted pharynx or in a neurotic subject may be the source of excessive annoyance, whereas an extreme degree of enlargement may be easily tolerated in a capacious pharynx or by a phlegmatic subject. At the present day but few will be found to object to the statement that hypertrophied tonsils require to be reduced or removed, even in
Small G Proteins in Islet β-Cell Function
Authors: Anjaneyulu Kowluru
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the islet β-cell involves a sequence of metabolic events and an interplay between a wide range of signaling pathways leading to the generation of second messengers (e.g., cyclic nucleotides, adenine and guanine nucleotides, soluble lipid messengers) and mobilization of calcium ions. Consequent to the generation of necessary signals, the insulin-laden secretory granules are transported from distal sites to the plasma membrane for fusion and release of their cargo into the circulation. The secretory granule transport underlies precise changes in cytoskeletal architecture involving a well-coordinated cross-talk between various signaling proteins, including small molecular mass GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) and their respective effector proteins. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current understanding of the identity of small G proteins (e.g., Cdc42, Rac1, and ARF-6) and their corresponding regulatory factors (e.g., GDP/GTP-exchange factors, GDP-dissociation inhibitors) in the pancreatic β-cell. Plausible mechanisms underlying regulation of these signaling proteins by insulin secretagogues are also discussed. In addition to their positive modulatory roles, certain small G proteins also contribute to the metabolic dysfunction and demise of the islet β-cell seen in in vitro and in vivo models of impaired insulin secretion and diabetes. Emerging evidence also suggests significant insulin secretory abnormalities in small G protein knockout animals, further emphasizing vital roles for these proteins in normal health and function of the islet β-cell. Potential significance of these experimental observations from multiple laboratories and possible avenues for future research in this area of islet research are highlighted.
Factors associated with gonorrhoea in men aware of being positive for HIV infection: case-control study
Authors: S T Sadiq, A J Copas, A M Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Many of those attending genitourinary medicine clinics who are aware of being positive for HIV infection are diagnosed as having new episodes of sexually transmitted diseases, 1 and evidence suggests that unsafe sexual behaviour has increased among homosexual men since the early 1990s. 2 Despite this, public health initiatives to reduce HIV transmission among those infected with HIV have been lacking.Assuming that gonorrhoea is a marker for risk of transmission of HIV to others, 3 we conducted a case-control study among men positive for HIV attending a genitourinary clinic for regular follow up, comparing those who acquired gonorrhoea with those who did not. Subjects, methods, and resultsAll cases of urethral or rectal gonorrhoea occurring among men known to be HIV positive who attended a large London HIV clinic between April 1992 and March 1996 were identified from clinic and laboratory records.Two controls infected with HIV who did not have gonorrhoea but attended the routine clinic within one day of their matched case were selected randomly from computer generated lists.For every case and matched control a period of risk began at the first attendance at the clinic or at April 1992 (whichever was later) and ended on the date of diagnosis of gonorrhoea in the case.Data were collected from case notes.Statistical analysis took account of the matching and the differing periods of risk.Odds ratios were calculated using the conditional logistic regression function of stata.All 74 cases and 145 of the 148 controls were homosexual men.The mean (SD) age of cases at date of diagnosis of gonorrhoea was 30.9 (5.5) years and of controls 37.6 (7.8).Thirty five cases had urethral gonorrhoea alone, 35 had rectal gonorrhoea alone, and 4 had both.Only age at diagnosis of HIV infection (odds ratio 0.825 (95% confidence interval 0.744 to 0.914) for every extra year) and log CD4 count (8.93 (2.91 to 27.24) for every increase by 1) were significantly associated with the acquisition of gonorrhoea in a forward stepwise model (table ).These results may be partly explained by differential rates of attendance among patients and by patients attending other centres for genitourinary medicine when concerned about their sexual health.
Probable malignant transformation of a pulmonary hamartoma.
Authors: J T Poulsen, M Jacobsen, D Francis
Journal: Thorax (1979)

A pulmonary hamartoma is an uncommon benign tumour arising in the bronchial wall.The component tissues follow the general plan of development and may reach varying degrees of maturity and functional ability (Spencer, 1977).McDonald et al (1945) found hamartoma in 0O25% of pulmonary tumours in a necropsy series.Possible malignant transformation in a hamartoma is extremely rare, and only sporadic case reports on malignant hamartomas are at hand (Hay- ward and Carabasi, 1967).We report a further case. Case reportAn 81-year-old woman with no previous stay in 5 hospital was admitted because of a rounded mass 7 cm in diameter in the left lung.Within the next two weeks a fracture developed in the body of the ninth thoracic vertebra.An aspiration biopsy of the lung infiltrate showed pieces of mesenchymal, partly chondroid material with
Food Safety Web Site
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cultural basis for differences between US and French clinical recommendations for women at increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: F Eisinger, G Geller, W Burke, NA Holtzman
Journal: The Lancet (1999)

Two recent consensus statements, one from the USA 1 Burke W Daly M Garber J et al. Recommendations for follow-up care of individuals with an inherited predisposition to cancer—II BRCAI and BRCA2: Cancer Genetics Studies Consortium.. JAMA. 1997; 277: 997-1003 Crossref PubMed Google Scholar and one from France, 2 Eisinger F Alby N Bremond A et al. Recommendations for medical management of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: the French National Ad Hoc Committee.. Ann Oncol. 1998; 9: 939-950 Crossref PubMed Scopus (126) Google Scholar made recommendations about clinical management of women with an inherited predisposition to breast cancer and ovarian cancer due primarily to the presence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 susceptibility-conferring alleles. The groups formulating these statements had the difficult task of making recommendations despite inadequate or equivocal evidence on risk reduction strategies. The two sets of recommendations are similar for the most part, but they diverge in some areas of clinical uncertainty (panel). We believe that the divergence in three areas—breast self-examination, lifestyle, and prophylactic surgery—partly reflects the cultural context in which physicians and patients make decisions and health policies are formulated. Tabled 1 Intervention USA1 Burke W Daly M Garber J et al. Recommendations for follow-up care of individuals with an inherited predisposition to cancer—II BRCAI and BRCA2: Cancer Genetics Studies Consortium.. JAMA. 1997; 277: 997-1003 Crossref PubMed Google Scholar France2 Eisinger F Alby N Bremond A et al. Recommendations for medical management of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: the French National Ad Hoc Committee.. Ann Oncol. 1998; 9: 939-950 Crossref PubMed Scopus (126) Google Scholar Breast self-examination Recommended Not recommended (training on request) Breast examination by a physician Recommended, by age 25–35, once or twice a year Recommended by age 20, two to three times a year Mammography Suggested by age 25–35 Recommended by age 30 Clinical examination for ovarian cancer Not considered Recommended Ovarian cancer screening by ultrasonography Recommended Recommended Ovarian cancer screening with CA125 Recommended Research only Prostate cancer screening in male relative No position No position Colorectal cancer screening Same as in general population No position Prophylactic mastectomy Informed consent sufficient Informed consent insufficient Prophylactic oophorectomy Informed consent sufficient Informed consent insufficient Hormone replacement therapy No position No contraindication Hormonal contraception No position No contraindication Chemoprevention (tamoxifen) No position Research only Diet Counselling No position Tobacco Counselling No position Open table in a new tab
ORIGINS OF ANEMIA IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND THE PROGNOSTIC BENEFITS OF AN IMPROVED IRON STATUS
Authors: Darlington Okonko, Christopher Primus, Suneil Aggarwal, Julia Flint, Nay Aung, Hua Zen Ling, Gowrishankar Murukattonpoondi, Adrian Cheng, Martin Thomas, Simon Woldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Frozen Sperm Banks
Authors: Robert A. Ersek
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Sophia Kleegmen was certainly one of the absolute pioneers in therapeutic insemination (219:1350, 1972). However, since her activity in the field, many changes have taken place and, at the present time, there are approximately 15 sperm-bank facilities in the United States. There are several commercial sperm banks currently operating. Ours has offices in four cities, another in New York, another in San Francisco, and one is in the formation stage in Atlanta. In addition, several physicians operate sperm banks; notably, Cohen in Chicago, Sherman in Little Rock, Berman in Ann Arbor, Bunge in Iowa City, Tyler in California, and several others. In the animal industry, which has been active in this field for approximately 25 years, more than 100 million calves have been born from frozen sperm and they have better results with frozen semen than with the classical means of insemination. The human experience dates
Lead Content of Milks Fed to Infants — 1971–1972
Authors: Steven Lamm, Barbara Cole, Kathryn Glynn, William Ullmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THE maximum daily permissible intake of lead, not leading to accumulation, has been estimated at 300 μg for children.1 Above that amount, the body burden of lead presumably increases. In early infancy, dietary lead may be a major common source of this heavy metal. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to estimate the probable dietary intake of lead during early infancy from milks fed to infants.MethodsCans from different lots of the major national brands of infant formulas and evaporated milks were purchased in their original containers during late 1971 and early 1972 from retail stores in Connecticut. . . .
Estrogen Promotes ER-Negative Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis through Mobilization of Bone Marrow–Derived Monocytes
Authors: Vandana Iyer, Ina Klebba, Jessica McCready, Lisa M. Arendt, Monica Betancur-Boissel, Meng-Fen Wu, Xiaomei Zhang, Michael T. Lewis, Charlotte Kuperwasser
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Estrogen has a central role in the genesis and progression of breast cancers whether they are positive or negative for the estrogen receptor (ER). While therapies that disrupt estrogen biosynthesis or ER activity can treat these diseases in postmenopausal women, in younger women where ovarian function remains intact, these anti-estrogen therapies are not as effective. Moreover, emerging clinical evidence suggests that estrogen may promote other cancers. Thus, circulating estrogens may participate in cancer pathogenesis in ways that are not yet understood. In this study, we show that estrogen can promote the outgrowth of murine xenograft tumors established from patient-derived ER-negative breast cancer cells by influencing the mobilization and recruitment of a proangiogenic population of bone marrow–derived myeloid cells. ERα expression was necessary and sufficient in the bone marrow–derived cells themselves to promote tumor formation in response to estrogen. Our findings reveal a novel way in which estrogen promotes tumor formation, with implications for the development and application of anti-estrogen therapies to treat cancer in premenopausal women. Cancer Res; 72(11); 2705–13. ©2012 AACR.
Ia-mediated signal transduction leads to proliferation of primed B lymphocytes.
Authors: J C Cambier, K R Lehmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

One of the most controversial questions in immunology is the molecular basis by which Th lymphocytes deliver activating signals to quiescent B lymphocytes during T cell-dependent immune responses. Recent studies suggest that T cell-dependent activation of quiescent B lymphocytes may involve signaling mediated by direct T helper cell-B cell contact. Since B cell membrane-associated MHC-encoded class II molecules (Ia) must be recognized by Th lymphocytes for generation of T cell-dependent humoral immune responses, they are obvious candidates for receptors of this signal. Here we report that stimulation of quiescent murine B cells with IL-4 and antibodies against the B cell antigen receptor for 12-16 h primes cells to proliferate in response to immobilized mIa binding ligands. In the presence of additional lymphokines, these B cells differentiate to secrete Ig of IgM and IgG classes. These results suggest that Ia molecules are receptors for direct, T helper cell-B cell contact mediated signaling that results in B cell proliferation.
Superior vena cava syndrome associated with Nocardia farcinica infection
Authors: S. Abdelkafi, D. Dubail, T. Bosschaerts, A. Brunet, G. Van Camp, M. de Marneffe, J. M. De Vaster, V. Ninane
Journal: Thorax (1997)

A case is described of severe Nocardia farcinica infection which mimicked a pulmonary neoplasm with pneumonia, superior vena cava syndrome, pericarditis, and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and surgery resulted in complete recovery.
Mass Screens for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Ralph E. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The EDITORIAL by Nalbandian (221:500, 1972) on the consequences of the passage of the National Sickle Cell Anemia Control Act calls for some comment and qualification—both with regard to the screening program introduced by the Grand Rapids group in its general applicability to the United States and to other parts of the world, where sickle hemoglobin attains notable incidences. The sickle cell phenomenon is not exclusive to 22 million black Americans; not only are there higher incidences among the Negroes of central equatorial Africa, the west coast bulge of Africa, the West Indies, and adjacent areas of South America, but sickle cell hemoglobin occurs to a variable, but often significant degree in non-Negroid groups, ie, Greeks, Italians, Sardinians, Turks, Libyans, and Tunisians of the Mediterranean regions, as well as inhabitants of South Arabia, Southeast Asia, India, Malagasy (originally Indonesian in origin, but with some Negroid admixture from
ON THE SEPARATE SUTURE OF NERVES IN NERVE TRUNKS
Authors: J. N. Langley
Journal: BMJ (1918)

T 45 position.The orthopaedic suLrgeon lhas the advantage that he waits until the risk of recturring sepsis is practically absent, but lhe labours under the disadvantage that scars and contractures lhave occurred as the result of the original )epsis, which m-iake it difficult to get the bones into correct position.Tlle treatment of stiff joints, again, presents a whole series of problems.In civil practice after a sprain or injury of a joint a few adhesions often occur which interfere witlh its free action, and, moreover, any movement which stretcles tllese adlhesions causes pain.Tlle treat-Lment as a rule is simple-forced manipulation to brealk 'down the little fibrous bands of adhesions.This class of case very rarely occurs in military suLrgery-so rarely that -I would almost say a surgeon witlhout considerable ex-