tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Government fights opposition to foundation hospitals
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The government was under intense pressure to abandon its plans for NHS foundation hospitals as the BMJ went to press on the eve of a House of Commons vote.

The House of Lords voted on 6 November to remove all provisions concerning foundation hospitals from the Health and Social Care Bill, but ministers were anxious to see them reinstated. The vote was due to take place in the House of Commons on Wednesday. The bill has to be passed before parliament …
Interleukin 2 receptor-targeted cytotoxicity. Interleukin 2 receptor-mediated action of a diphtheria toxin-related interleukin 2 fusion protein.
Authors: P Bacha, D P Williams, C Waters, J M Williams, J R Murphy, T B Strom
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

The IL-2 toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis in high affinity IL-2-R-positive murine and human T cell lines has been examined. Both excess free IL-2 and mAb to the Tac epitope of the p55 subunit of IL-2-R are shown to block the action of IL-2 toxin; whereas, agents that interact with other receptors or antigens on the T cell surface have no effect. We show that IL-2 toxin, like diphtheria toxin, must pass through an acidic vesicle in order to intoxicate target T cells. Finally, we demonstrate that the IL-2 toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis in both human and murine T cells that bear the high affinity IL-2-R is due to the classic diphtheria toxin fragment A-catalyzed ADP ribosylation of elongation factor 2.
Our Food: Packaging &amp; Public Health
Authors: Luz Claudio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

OUR FOODYour daily routine has many close encounters with food packaging: For breakfast, cereal from a paperboard box and a can of energy drink.For lunch, canned tuna and a plastic bottle of water.Afternoon snack, a foil-lined plastic bag of potato chips and a shrink-wrapped tray of fruit.By the time you dish up your supper of baked chicken and frozen broccoli, you've reaped the benefits of-and discarded-numerous different food-packaging materials."Packaged food is very convenient.It is nice to have good PACKAGING & PUBLIC HEALTH food that you can grab and go," says Claudia DeMegret, director of education at the City Parks Foundation in New York."You try to be conscientious-buy fresh food and recycle.But you also have to wonder about how all this packaging affects the food we feed our kids and . . .how much of it ends up in landfills."Food packaging does much more than simply hold a product.It keeps food safe and fresh, tells us how to safely store and prepare it, displays barcodes that facilitate purchasing, provides nutritional information, and protects products during transport, delivery, and storage.On the other hand, packaging also fills trash containers and landfills, lasting far longer than the products it was made to contain.It consumes natural resources.And it can also transfer chemicals into our food, with unknown health effects.Our relationship with packaging-you could say it's complicated.
A Skin Protective
Authors: P. B. Mumford
Journal: BMJ (1939)

The importance of this possibility is emphasized not only for the patient but also for the doctor.The risk of syphilis transmission by blood transfusion could be minimized by the use of cadaver blood or by the discovery of some means of rapidly destroying spiro- chaetes in the blood withdrawn from the donor.The former method seems unlikely to be adopted in this country; the latter appears to offer an important problem for research.I am indebted to Dr.
Cardiac Arrest-Reply
Authors: Gordon Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1977)

We agree with Dr Harrison that anesthetic deaths are almost invariably preventable but continue to occur primarily because of human error. By definition, "adequate" monitoring<i>should</i>prevent unexpected cardiac arrests, but one of the thrusts of our study was the demonstration that usual and conventional monitoring does not prevent such occurrences; ergo, it is not always adequate. Foolproof monitoring is not yet available. One of the principal advantages of a national registry for cardiac arrests would be that it would permit a clearer delineation of the circumstances surrounding an unexpected cardiac arrest. Use of a standard reporting form, such as the one we have prepared, provides for a more complete evaluation of the conditions prevailing before, during, and after the cardiac arrest while the events are still fresh in mind. With more complete and reliable information that the registry would provide, one could classify the primary cause more
Immunological Differences Between Normal and Malignant Cells
Authors: R. C. Nairn, H. G. Richmond, M. G. McEntegart, J. E. Fothergill
Journal: BMJ (1960)

<b>Objectives:</b> To determine the prevalence, comorbidities, biomarkers characterization and costs of severe asthma in patients ≥12-year-old in real life. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective, cross-sectional, nationwide study that used a top-down approach. Data from BIG-PAC® database (Real Life Data) were used, which is an electronic medical record of 1.9 million Spanish patients (pts) aged ≥12 who had demanded medical care during 2017. Severe asthma (SA) was defined as asthma that required GINA step 5 treatment. Uncontrolled pts were defined by GINA 2019 criteria and oral corticosteroid (OCS) dependent pts were defined by prescription of OCS for at least 6 months. Biomarkers such as blood eosinophils, Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) were used to phenotype type 2 pts. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of asthma was 5.5%. Of these, SA was 7.7%, of whom: 64.1% had uncontrolled SA; 81.2% presented type 2 asthma; 31.2% were OCS-dependent (37% in the uncontrolled SA group); The most common type 2 comorbidities were allergic rhinitis (66.1%), atopic dermatitis (29.1%) and CRSwNP (14.6%). Biologics were administered in 3.8% of total SA patients and 4.3% of patients of the uncontrolled group. The mortality rate was 4.2% and 5.5% in the total SA and the uncontrolled SA group respectively. The total annual costs per patient for uncontrolled SA were 6.010€ and 2.791€ in the controlled SA pts. <b>Conclusions:</b> A vast majority of SA pts present with type-2 asthma. SA continues to have high rates of uncontrolled and OCS dependent asthma despite new available treatments. Uncontrolled SA costs twice as much as controlled pts.
Transcriptional Regulation by Steroid Receptor Coactivator Phosphorylation
Authors: Ray-Chang Wu, Carolyn L. Smith, Bert W. O’Malley
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2005)

The basic mechanisms underlying ligand-dependent transcriptional activation by nuclear receptors (NRs) require the sequential recruitment of various coactivators. Increasing numbers of coactivators have been identified in recent years, and both biochemical and genetic studies demonstrate that these coactivators are differentially used by transcription factors, including NRs, in a cell/tissue type- and promoter-specific manner. However, the molecular basis underlying this specificity remains largely unknown. Recently, NRs and coregulators were shown to be targets of posttranslational modifications activated by diverse cellular signaling pathways. It is argued that posttranslational modifications of these proteins provide the basis for a combinatorial code required for specific gene activation by NRs and coactivators, and that this code also enables coactivators to efficiently stimulate the activity of other classes of transcription factors. In this review, we will focus on coactivators and discuss the recent progress in understanding the role of phosphorylation of the steroid receptor coactivator family and the potential ramifications of this posttranslational modification for regulation of gene expression.
Sacculation of, and Stone in, the Bladder
Authors: W. Cadge
Journal: BMJ (1875)

fogs I OEM longer than three weeks before the medicine was given, this tempera.ture became normal in one on the second day, and in another on the third.Of 45 individuals, including extreme cases, the mean duration 7HBBE BRITSH.MEDICAL 7OURNAL.treatmenit1 though at longCer ntervals, and with less cystitis.The stone pse into the sacculi, and produced rapid fatal peritonitis.Let future cof this patient Must be one of recurring stone and persistent me mention two cases in point.misery.Could I have told that his bladder w-As sacculated, and had CASE Iv.-In October i866, a feeble white-haired man Of 76%was subjecqted him to lithotomy, he would probably have recovered and admitted into hospital with severe symptoms of stone.His prostate remnained well afterwards.waLs large ; he could retain water about two hours ; the urine was CASE.xi.-In August 1868s, I admitted a man aged 63 into the Nor-alkaline, specific gravity roo8; no albumen; some mucus and phot- folk and Norwich Hospital, who had undergone five or six sittings of phates. 1 measured the stone, and found it one and a quarter by
658. Oncolytic Herpes Virus Mutants Are Efficacious Against Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Xenografts
Authors: Yonatan Y. Mahller, Mark A. Currier, Margaret H. Collins, Nancy Ratner, Timothy P. Cripe
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

BACKGROUND. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNSTs) remain a significant clinical challenge in both pediatric and adult oncology. MPNSTs are highly aggressive tumors thought to derive from Schwann cells or their precursors, often presenting in patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Because many patients with MPNSTs have a poor response to traditional therapies such as irradiation and chemotherapy, other treatment approaches are crucial. We have previously shown that MPNST cell lines are permissive for oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus (oHSV) mutants in culture. These "oncolytic" mutant viruses are lytic for many tumor types but are attenuated in their ability to replicate within normal tissues. We sought to create a xenograft model of MPNSTs and to test the efficacy of oHSV as a potential therapeutic for this disease. PROCEDURE. Five MPNST-derived human tumor cell lines were inoculated intraperitoneally and subcutaneously into athymic nude, NOD-SCID, and NOD-SCID-beta2-microglobulin immunodeficient mice. Xenografts were examined microscopically for general morphology, vascularity, and immunohistochemical markers characteristic of MPNSTs. We quantified the systemic biodistribution of oHSV mediated gene transfer following intraperitoneal administration as well as oHSV replication within tumors. We infected tumor-bearing mice with oncolytic HSV-1 mutants at 1x10^5, 1x10^6, or 1x10^7 pfu/animal on days 7, 9, and 11 following tumor cell inoculation. Anti-tumor efficacy was assessed by quantification of total tumor burden at day 30 and overall survival. RESULTS. Four of five MPNST cell lines were tumorigenic but inconsistent in different mouse strains, with a range of tumor appearance from two weeks to four months. Only the cell line STS26T showed consistent tumor growth within two weeks in all mouse strains. These xenografts were highly vascular and positive for S100, synaptophysin and epidermal growth factor receptor, consistent with human MPNSTs. Intraperitoneal injection of the ICP6-deleted HSV1 mutant hrR3 showed tumor-selective gene transfer for up to 7 days. Tumor bearing mice treated with oHSV contained significantly decreased tumor burden and showed a 30% prolongation of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS. We have created a novel MPNST xenograft model useful for preclinical testing of experimental therapeutics. As predicted from our work using MPNSTs cell lines, oHSV mutants show significant anti-tumor efficacy against MPSNTs in vivo. These preclinical data suggest MPNST may be a suitable target for oHSV mutant therapy.
Self monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes: longitudinal qualitative study of patients' perspectives
Authors: Elizabeth Peel, Margaret Douglas, Julia Lawton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3></h3> In September 2015, we introduced an innovative new volunteering programme aimed at 17-year-olds interested in a career in healthcare. The Ward Support Volunteers committed to a unique six-month programme involving supporting healthcare assistants on our large in-patient unit and working towards the Care Certificate qualification. The objectives were to: create a sustainable programme that increased resource on the in-patient unit provide a meaningful opportunity for young people interested in healthcare diversify the volunteer workforce. The role description included talking with patients and relatives, assisting with meals and drinks and replenishing stock. All local schools and colleges were contacted to publicise the opportunity and 22 young people were interviewed. The Education team delivered a bespoke experiential induction day for the 14 selected volunteers that explored communication skills as well as practical training like hand massage. We also developed a workbook to accredit the programme under the new Care Certificate which included practical activities and online learning. Experienced volunteers acted as 'Buddies', regularly meeting with the young volunteers to support them. Thirteen young people completed the programme and received the Care Certificate. The main gain for the volunteers, however, was an increase in their confidence and ability to communicate. "I don't think I would have got medicine offers without it but, more importantly, it has made me a much more confident and compassionate person." Robyn, 17 "The ward support volunteers have been a fantastic addition to the ward. They inject some much needed energy when they arrive at 4.30pm and to have enthusiastic, inquisitive young people on the ward has benefited the staff as well as the patients and visitors." Senior Staff Nurse The programme continues with the second cohort also being trained in basic manual handling to make their role even more valuable to the ward.
Systematic underreporting of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Massachusetts
Authors: Howard K. Koh, Richard W. Clapp, Jay M. Barnett, W. Mark Nannery, Steven R. Tahan, Alan C. Geller, Jag Bhawan, Terence J. Harrist, Ted Kwan, Miguel Stadecker, Milton R. Okun, Julie A. Dong, Michael Beattie, Marianne N. Prout, George F. Murphy, Robert A. Lew
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1991)
Metallothionein expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid follicular and parafollicular C cells using monoclonal antimetallothionein antibody E9
Authors: Kurt W. Schmid, Mike Greeff, Anton Hittmair, Martin Tötsch, Dietmar Öfner, Barbara Dockhorn-Dworniczak, Werner Böcker, Bharat Jasani
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1994)
Significance of Medical Microbiology in the Care of Patients
Authors: G. Wesley White
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is a subspecialty text designed for the "medical microbiologist," presumably one who is involved in the supervision and function of a clinical microbiology laboratory. It is a diverse work with 25 chapters by 33 authors. I find four major subject divisions, although the book itself is not subdivided. Chapters 1 through 5 provide a general discussion of the handling of specimens, the adequacy of their collection, and the relevance of speciation of bacteria in medical practice. Six chapters deal with specific patient care problems. The sections on the immunosuppressed patient, microbiology of wounds, emergency microbiology, and pediatric microbiology are short and rather encyclopedic in approach. The chapter on bacteriology of sputum and John A. Washington's discussion of blood cultures are current, controversial, well written, and amply illustrated. They stand out as two of the finest chapters and can be considered stateof-the-art discussions. <i>Pseudomonas</i>species, mycobacteria,<i>Chlamydia</i>, and parasitic diseases
Src tyrosine kinase preactivation is associated with platelet hypersensitivity in essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera
Authors: Maria Luigia Randi, Anna Maria Brunati, Margherita Scapin, Martina Frasson, Renzo Deana, Elisa Magrin, Fabrizio Fabris, Arianna Donella-Deana
Journal: Blood (2009)
Family Practice Residents on Specialty Services
Authors: G. Jan Hinnen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

As a teacher of family practice residents, I believe that family practice is a specialty uniquely devoted to the continuity of care of the family as a unit: meeting the primary health care needs of each individual and the family as a whole, with continuity being the cornerstone of that health care. However, family practice residents spend a great deal of their educational time on specialty services such as cardiology, orthopedics, and pediatrics. While the family practice faculty knows some cardiology, for example, it is still most appropriate for the resident to have formal training about such subjects from experts in the fields. So the resident spends time rotating on the various services, specialties, and subspecialties. Nevertheless, the process of continuity of care cannot be learned from books. It cannot be learned by the resident or taught by the staff in a block rotation of one or two months. The
TCTAP A-204 Abdominal Adiposity Measured with Dual Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis of Hospitalized Patients in the Cardiology Ward
Authors: Kenji Sadamatsu, Kaoru Takegami, Taku Matsuura, Arihide Okahara, Takaharu Shirahama, Daigo Mine, Yasuaki Koga, Yasutsugu Nagamoto, Keiki Yoshida
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Nef Interacts with the μ Subunit of Clathrin Adaptor Complexes and Reveals a Cryptic Sorting Signal in MHC I Molecules
Authors: Sylvie Le Gall, Lars Erdtmann, Serge Benichou, Clarisse Berlioz-Torrent, Langxia Liu, Richard Benarous, Jean-Michel Heard, Olivier Schwartz
Journal: Immunity (1998)
Histamine concentrations in nasal secretion and secretory activity in allergic rhinitis
Authors: A. Linder, K. Strandberg, H. Deuschl
Journal: Allergy (1987)

The prerequisites for using the assayed histamine concentration in nasal secretion as an objective measure of disease activity in allergic rhinitis were investigated. It was demonstrated that in histamine determination procedures the presence of quenching substances in the nasal secretion could lead to underestimation of the histamine concentration. This bias was eliminated in a modified spectrofluorometric assay. Only an insignificant fraction of the histamine in samples collected by nasal spray washing was bound to unfiltrable particles or cells. The mean histamine concentration in nasal secretions from 15 healthy subjects was 11.2 micrograms/ml and in a group of nine patients with allergic rhinitis out of season 3.36 micrograms/ml. The histamine concentration in the latter group decreased during the pollen season and after positive allergen challenge. It is suggested that this decrease is caused by the increase in volume of the secretion during the allergic response. The use of lithium as an exogenous marker permitted quantitation of the increase in the relative amount of nasal secretion recovered by washing in the symptomatic subjects.
Reducing the Risk of Maternal-Infant Transmission of HIV: A Door Is Opened
Authors: Martha F. Rogers, Harold W. Jaffe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Over the past 15 years, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a major cause of illness and death in young children. Each year approximately 7000 HIV-infected women give birth in the United States; 1000 to 2000 of their infants are infected with HIV.1 HIV infection is now the seventh leading cause of death in children one to four years of age in the United States.2 The World Health Organization estimates that over 1 million children are infected worldwide.3 These grim statistics emphasize the need for effective interventions to prevent the transmission of HIV from mother to child.The success . . .
Long, Benign Course of Hepatitis G Virus Infection
Authors: Vito Di Marco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 December 1997Long, Benign Course of Hepatitis G Virus InfectionVito Di Marco, MD, Celestino Bonura, and Rosa Di StefanoVito Di Marco, MDUniversity of Palermo; 90127 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this author, Celestino BonuraUniversity of Palermo; 90127 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this author, and Rosa Di StefanoUniversity of Palermo; 90127 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent paper [1], Martinot and associates remark that hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection has a minor etiologic role in liver disease and little direct pathogenic effect on the liver. They found that HGV infection did not influence the severity of liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis C virus (HCV). The pathogenic role of HGV in isolated infection is actually unclear.We had a chance to assess, over a long period, the course of isolated HGV infection in a 35-year-old health care worker and to evaluate the changes over time in the ...References1. Martinot M, Marcellin P, Boyer N, Detmer J, Pouteau M, Castelnau C, et al. Influence of hepatitis G virus infection on the severity of liver disease and response to interferon-α in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:874-81. Google Scholar2. Muerhoff AS, Simons JN, Erker JC, Desai SM, Mushahwar IK. Identification of conserved nucleotide sequences within the GB virus C 5′-untranslated region: design of PCR primers for detection of viral RNA. J Virol Methods. 1996; 62:55-62. Google Scholar3. Alter HJ, Nakatsuji Y, Melpolder J, Wages J, Wesley R, Shih JW, et al. The incidence of transfusion-associated hepatitis G virus infection. N Engl J Med. 1997; 336:747-54. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Palermo; 90127 Palermo, Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAre hepatitis G virus and TT virus involved in cryptogenic chronic liver disease? 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1136-1137KeywordsAlanine aminotransferaseAntibodiesHepatitis B surface antigenHepatitis G virusInfectious diseasesLiverLiver diseasesPathogensRNASteatosis Issue Published: 15 December 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
INTERVENTRICULAR MECHANICAL DELAY: A SIMPLE, REPRODUCIBLE INDEX PREDICTIVE OF LONG TERM OUTCOME AFTER CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMEDIATE QRS WIDTH AND NON-LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Antonia Delgado-Montero, Josef Marek, Keiko Ryo, David Schwartzman, Samir Saba, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)