tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depression of Ventricular Contractility by Stimulation of the Vagus Nerves
Authors: HILAIRE DEGEEST, MATTHEW N. LEVY, HARRISON ZIESKE, RALPH I. LIPMAN
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

In three different types of canine heart preparations, it was demonstrated that efferent vagal stimulation exerts a potent, negative inotropic influence upon the ventricular myocardium. In the paced, isovolumetric, left ventricle preparation, vagal stimulation evoked a reduction of left ventricular systolic pressure which, within limits, varied directly with the magnitude of the stimulus. Supramaximal stimulation elicited a mean reduction of 23% in the peak pressure generated by the left ventricle. No differences could be detected between the effects of the right and left vagi upon ventricular contractility. The percentage changes induced by vagal stimulation upon ventricular contractility in the paced heart were less than the percentage changes in heart rate induced in the spontaneously beating heart. In a pumping heart preparation in which a constant rate of venous return was delivered to the left atrium, vagal stimulation consistently elicited an appreciable elevation of left ventricular end diastolic pressure. Another pumping heart preparation was employed in which changes in atrial transport function and mitral valve closure were excluded by the expedient of introducing a balloon into the left ventricle through an apical incision. This balloon was connected to an artificial external circuit with fixed venous reservoir height and peripheral resistance. Vagal stimulation consistently diminished stroke volume, "arterial" pressure, and stroke work in such a circuit.
Kindlin-3–independent adhesion of neutrophils from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III
Authors: Edith van de Vijver, Anton T.J. Tool, Özden Sanal, Mualla Çetin, Sule Ünal, Selin Aytac, Karl Seeger, Daria Pagliara, Sergio Rutella, Timo K. van den Berg, Taco W. Kuijpers
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Neonatal and Laboratory Medicine, 2nd edition
Authors: Theo Fenton
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

You can almost certainly find a copy of the first edition of Neonatal and Laboratory Medicine in your local biochemistry laboratory (it was sent to all members of the Association of Clinical Biochemists). If the book is well-thumbed, one of the staff has probably been studying for the MRCPath—an exam that usually contains at least one case history about a collapsed neonate with metabolic derangement. The first edition contained several illustrative case studies and became almost essential pre-exam reading.

How does the second edition differ? The case studies have been removed, and chapters on infection and haematology have been added. The book will no longer be sent out to all ACB members, but the authors hope that the added chapters will give the book a broader appeal—perhaps escaping from the laboratory shelves and becoming popular with paediatric trainees and neonatal nurses. This is unlikely. Though laboratory scientists may continue to find it a useful guide to neonatology, few neonatal clinicians will find it an adequate guide to laboratory medicine.

One chapter—about the organization of laboratory services—was illuminating. Neonates can deteriorate with almost alarming speed, so the authors (from Birmingham) provide a table of suggested turnaround times for various tests. I doubt whether many units outside dedicated children's hospitals currently achieve many of these goals (such as urgent clotting screen available within 30 minutes, urgent 17α-hydroxyprogesterone within 24 hours), but the suggestions could be usefully shown to managers who contemplate ‘rationalizing’ and centralizing services. Also in this chapter, the advantages and disadvantages of point-of-care testing are discussed, as is the importance of agreed protocols about communication of abnormal results. Birmingham clearly has an excellent system. Do most of the clinicians there now take it for granted, not realizing how much thought and experience has gone into establishing it and how much dedication it takes to maintain? Topics of other chapters include staples such as acid-base and electrolyte disturbances, jaundice, glucose homoeostasis, drugs and the neonate, and parenteral nutrition. The jaundice chapter is particularly short of basic science—something I would have welcomed much more of, but perhaps the authors were anxious not to patronize their laboratory-based readers.

The book's main weakness is that it seems to have been edited and proofread by amateurs. The more errors I spotted the less I trusted it, until eventually I did not feel confident about anything without double-checking elsewhere. Many surprising things did turn out to be true, but I propose to wait for the third edition (with the case studies put back, the errors corrected, and a haematologist as fourth author) before buying a copy for our neonatal unit.
Recommendations for policy development regarding sport-related concussion prevention and management in Canada
Authors: Pierre Frémont, Lindsay Bradley, Charles H Tator, Jill Skinner, Lisa K Fischer
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

The Canadian Concussion Collaborative (CCC) is composed of health-related organisations concerned with the recognition, treatment and management of concussion. Its mission is to create synergy between organisations concerned with concussion to improve education and implementation of best practices for the prevention and management of concussions. Each of the organisations that constitute the CCC has endorsed two recommendations that address the need for relevant authorities to develop policies about concussion management in sports. The recommendations were developed to support advocacy for regulations, policies or legislation to improve concussion prevention and management at all levels of sport.
Hyperpolarization and relaxation of resistance arteries in response to adenosine diphosphate. Distribution and mechanism of action.
Authors: J E Brayden
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Membrane hyperpolarization appears to be an important mechanism of vasodilation induced by many pharmacological and endogenous vasodilators. The objective of the present study was to determine the mechanisms of vasodilation induced by ADP, and endogenous vasodilator, in various resistance arteries isolated from the rabbit. ADP hyperpolarized (12-15 mV) and relaxed mesenteric and skeletal muscle resistance arteries. The hyperpolarization was abolished by glibenclamide, an inhibitor of ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Glibenclamide inhibited part of the ADP-induced relaxations of these arteries; thus, a portion of the relaxation appears to result directly from the change in membrane potential. Hyperpolarizations and relaxations to low concentrations of ADP (less than 0.3 microM) were abolished by removal of the endothelium, but responses to higher concentrations of ADP were partially independent of the endothelium. ADP did not hyperpolarize but did relax small-diameter middle cerebral arteries, and glibenclamide had no effect on these ADP-induced relaxations. Relaxations of small cerebral arteries to all concentrations of ADP were endothelium dependent. These studies support the hypothesis that activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels is an important general mechanism of vasodilation, including responses of resistance arteries. However, this generalization may not apply to small pial arteries of the rabbit.
Tumor glycolysis as a target for cancer therapy: progress and prospects
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Ganapathy-Kanniappan, Jean-Francois H Geschwind
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2013)

Altered energy metabolism is a biochemical fingerprint of cancer cells that represents one of the "hallmarks of cancer". This metabolic phenotype is characterized by preferential dependence on glycolysis (the process of conversion of glucose into pyruvate followed by lactate production) for energy production in an oxygen-independent manner. Although glycolysis is less efficient than oxidative phosphorylation in the net yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cancer cells adapt to this mathematical disadvantage by increased glucose up-take, which in turn facilitates a higher rate of glycolysis. Apart from providing cellular energy, the metabolic intermediates of glycolysis also play a pivotal role in macromolecular biosynthesis, thus conferring selective advantage to cancer cells under diminished nutrient supply. Accumulating data also indicate that intracellular ATP is a critical determinant of chemoresistance. Under hypoxic conditions where glycolysis remains the predominant energy producing pathway sensitizing cancer cells would require intracellular depletion of ATP by inhibition of glycolysis. Together, the oncogenic regulation of glycolysis and multifaceted roles of glycolytic components underscore the biological significance of tumor glycolysis. Thus targeting glycolysis remains attractive for therapeutic intervention. Several preclinical investigations have indeed demonstrated the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach thereby supporting its scientific rationale. Recent reviews have provided a wealth of information on the biochemical targets of glycolysis and their inhibitors. The objective of this review is to present the most recent research on the cancer-specific role of glycolytic enzymes including their non-glycolytic functions in order to explore the potential for therapeutic opportunities. Further, we discuss the translational potential of emerging drug candidates in light of technical advances in treatment modalities such as image-guided targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics.
Neo-Adjuvant Short Course Radiotherapy (The Tlalpan Regime) in a Combined Modality Treatment for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer with Risk Factors at the Instituto Nacional De Cancerología (México)
Authors: Zamora Moreno Jesus, Santiago Concha Gabriel, Mitsoura Eleni, Ruiz-Garcia Erika, Aiello Crocifoglio Vincenzo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Colon cancer: the shape of things to come
Authors: J R JASS
Journal: Gut (1999)

See article on page 818 

Konishi et al (see page 818) have documented morphological findings in 4147 colorectal neoplasms detected colonoscopically in a consecutive series of 5025 average risk subjects. The importance of their report lies in the understated and sobering perspective it brings to the concept of de novo colorectal cancer. They used high resolution magnifying endoscopy to detect, remove, and classify all epithelial neoplasms. The neoplasms were grouped as mucosal lesions (3605), submucosal cancers (91), and advanced cancers (451), although the advanced cancers were not considered further. The mucosal lesions included 3353 adenomas and 252 intramucosal carcinomas. In the West, the latter would be classified as adenomas with high grade dysplasia1 and for the purposes of this study were grouped with the adenomas, and are subsequently referred to as such.

The neoplasms were also grouped into depressed and non-depressed, the latter including flat, slightly raised, and polypoid lesions. The rationale for this was the previous demonstration of …
Therapeutic <i>EphA2</i> Gene Targeting <i>In vivo</i> Using Neutral Liposomal Small Interfering RNA Delivery
Authors: Charles N. Landen, Arturo Chavez-Reyes, Corazon Bucana, Rosemarie Schmandt, Michael T. Deavers, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Inducing destruction of specific mRNA using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a powerful tool in analysis of protein function, but its use as a therapeutic modality has been limited by inefficient or impractical delivery systems. We have used siRNA incorporated into the neutral liposome 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) for efficient in vivo siRNA delivery. In nude mice bearing i.p. ovarian tumors, nonsilencing siRNA tagged with the fluorochrome Alexa 555 was encapsulated into DOPC liposomes and shown to be taken up by the tumor as well as many major organs. Furthermore, DOPC-encapsulated siRNA targeting the oncoprotein EphA2 was highly effective in reducing in vivo EphA2 expression 48 hours after a single dose as measured by both Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Therapy experiments in an orthotopic mouse model of ovarian cancer were initiated 1 week after injection of either HeyA8 or SKOV3ip1 cell lines. Three weeks of treatment with EphA2-targeting siRNA-DOPC (150 μg/kg twice weekly) reduced tumor growth when compared with a nonsilencing siRNA (SKOV3ip1: 0.35 versus 0.70 g; P = 0.020; HeyA8: 0.98 versus 1.51 g; P = 0.16). When EphA2-targeting siRNA-DOPC was combined with paclitaxel, tumor growth was dramatically reduced compared with treatment with paclitaxel and a nonsilencing siRNA (SKOV3ip1: 0.04 versus 0.22 g; P &amp;lt; 0.001; HeyA8: 0.21 versus 0.84 g; P = 0.0027). These studies show the feasibility of siRNA as a clinically applicable therapeutic modality.
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYMES IN SKIN.
Authors: ANGELA CARR, A. W. SKILLEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1963)

Journal Article LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYMES IN SKIN. Get access ANGELA CARR, B.Sc., ANGELA CARR, B.Sc. Research Assistant, Department of Dermatology, Senior Research Associate, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Durham, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne 1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. W. SKILLEN, B.Sc., PH.D. A. W. SKILLEN, B.Sc., PH.D. Research Assistant, Department of Dermatology, Senior Research Associate, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Durham, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne 1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 75, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1963, Pages 331–336, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1963.tb13570.x Published: 01 August 1963
Lipid treatment and survival after heart transplantation
Authors: C.M. Ballantyne, B.C. Short, R.C. Bourge, H.J. Eisen, D.P. Fishbein, S.H. Kubo, K.D. Lake, B. Badovancevic, D.O. Taylor, H.O. Ventura, C.W. Yancy, J.B. Young
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Effect of radiotherapy after mastectomy and axillary surgery on 10-year recurrence and 20-year breast cancer mortality: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 8135 women in 22 randomised trials
Authors: P McGale, C. Taylor, C Correa, D Cutter, F Duane, Marianne Ewertz, R Gray, G Mannu, R Peto, T Whelan, Y. Wang, Z Wang, Sarah C Darby
Journal: The Lancet (2014)

Postmastectomy radiotherapy was shown in previous meta-analyses to reduce the risks of both recurrence and breast cancer mortality in all women with node-positive disease considered together. However, the benefit in women with only one to three positive lymph nodes is uncertain. We aimed to assess the effect of radiotherapy in these women after mastectomy and axillary dissection.
Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma with diffuse CD30 expression: A report of 4 cases of a rare variant
Authors: Werner Kempf, Dmitry V. Kazakov, Arno Rütten, Rudolf A. Rupec, Petr Talarcik, Veronika Ballová, Katrin Kerl, Reinhard Dummer, Stephan Lautenschlager, Dieter R. Zimmermann, Marianne Tinguely
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Treatment of children with stages II to IV anaplastic Wilms' tumor: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group.
Authors: D M Green, J B Beckwith, N E Breslow, P Faria, J Moksness, J Z Finklestein, P Grundy, P R Thomas, T Kim, S Shochat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of the combination of vincristine, dactinomycin, and doxorubicin with (regimen J) or without (regimen DD-RT) cyclophosphamide on the relapse-free survival of children with stages II to IV Wilms' tumor and focal or diffuse anaplasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical courses of all randomized patients from National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS)-3 and NWTS-4 with stages II to IV anaplastic Wilms' tumor, and determined the 4-year relapse-free survival rate separately for those with focal or diffuse anaplasia. Anaplasia was evaluated using newly developed topographic definitions for focal and diffuse anaplasia. RESULTS The 4-year relapse-free survival rate for five children with focal anaplasia who received regimen DD-RT was 80.0%, compared with 100.0% for eight children who received regimen J (P = .68). The 4-year relapse-free survival rate for 29 children with diffuse anaplasia treated with regimen DD-RT was 27.2%, compared with 54.8% for 30 children treated with regimen J (P = .02). CONCLUSION We conclude that children with focal anaplasia have an excellent prognosis when treated with vincristine, doxorubicin, and dactinomycin. The addition of cyclophosphamide to the three-drug treatment regimen improved the 4-year relapse-free survival rate of children with stage II to IV diffuse anaplasia. This result suggests that further intensification of the treatment regimen for children with diffuse anaplasia may result in an additional improvement in prognosis.
43 A FIRST CLINICAL TRIAL OF THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION USING NAKED DNA DELIVERED BY IN VIVO ELECTROPORATION SHOWS ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: M. Matti Sallberg, L. Frelin, H. Diepolder, M.-C. Jung, I. Mathiesen, M. Fons, R. Hultcrantz, T. Carlsson, O. Weiland
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Improvement of Schizophrenic Patients With Primary Negative Symptoms Treated With Amisulpride
Authors: Jean-Marie Danion, Werner Rein, Odile Fleurot, None the Amisulpride Study Group
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low doses of amisulpride, an atypical antipsychotic of the benzamide class with high affinity for D2 and D3 dopamine receptors, in the treatment of schizophrenic patients with predominantly primary negative symptoms. METHOD: After completion of a 4-week washout period, schizophrenic patients with primary negative symptoms participated in a 12-week, multicenter double-blind trial of placebo (N=83), amisulpride, 50 mg/day (N=84), or amisulpride, 100 mg/day (N=75). They were evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and the Montgomery-�sberg Depression Rating Scale. RESULTS: Both amisulpride treatment groups showed significantly greater improvement in negative symptoms than the placebo group. Positive symptom scores were low at baseline and changed minimally during the study, suggesting that the improvement in negative symptoms was independent of improvement in positive symptoms. The safety of amisulpride was comparable to that of placebo, and extrapyramidal symptoms were infrequent. Comparable efficacy and safety results were observed with either dose of amisulpride. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm and extend those of earlier placebo-controlled studies of low-dose amisulpride in the treatment of patients with predominantly negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Growth and reproduction complex in the rat. Genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex that affect development.
Authors: H W Kunz, T J Gill, B D Dixon, F H Taylor, D L Greiner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

The linkage of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the growth and reproduction complex (Grc) in the rat was studied in an F2 hybrid population generated from female BIL/1 (RT1l-Grc) and male YO (RT1u-Grc+) animals: 1.722 offspring were born, and 1,568 were weaned and studied. The body weights of the offspring segregated with the RT1 haplotype of the MHC, and the RT1l homozygotes were significantly smaller than their RT1l/u and RT1u/u littermates. The growth rate of the RT1l/l animals was approximately the same as that of the BIL/1 animals, and both were significantly less than the growth rates of the RT1l/u, RT1u/u, and YO (RT1u) animals. The testes of the RT1l animals showed an arrest of spermatogenesis at the early pachytene stage of the primary spermatocytes, and they were approximately 1/10 as heavy as the testes of the RT1l/u and RT1u/u animals. The ovaries in females of all three haplotypes had the same weight, but there was a decrease in the number of ova released per cycle in the RT1 l/l animals. The major loss of the RT1l homozygotes, which caused distortion of the phenotypic ratios among the offspring, did not occur in utero but in the early postnatal period before weaning. There were 7/1568 recombinants between the MHC, using the RT1.A antigen as the marker, and the Grc, using small body size (dw-3) as the marker, and 1/1568 recombinant between the loci influencing body size (dw-3) and fertility (ft) of the Grc. These data gave the following map distances (95% confidence levels): RT1.A to dw-3, 0.45 (0.25-0.96) centimorgans and dw-3 to ft, 0.07 (0.04-0.40) centimorgans. A female recombinant was used develop an inbred line carrying the RT1.Al-Grc+ chromosome.
Role of HIF-1α in proton-mediated CXCR4 down-regulation in endothelial cells
Authors: Roberta Melchionna, Marta Romani, Valeria Ambrosino, Daniela D'Arcangelo, Chiara Cencioni, Daniele Porcelli, Gabriele Toietta, Silvia Truffa, Carlo Gaetano, Antonella Mangoni, Ombretta Pozzoli, Claudia Cappuzzello, Maurizio C. Capogrossi, Monica Napolitano
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

AimsAcidification is associated with a variety of pathological and physiological conditions. In the present study, we aimed at investigating whether acidic pH may regulate endothelial cell (EC) functions via the chemokine receptor CXCR4, a key modulator of EC biological activities.
High-dose methotrexate combined with procarbazine and CCNU for primary CNS lymphoma in the elderly: results of a prospective pilot and phase II study
Authors: G. Illerhaus, R. Marks, F. Müller, G. Ihorst, F. Feuerhake, M. Deckert, C. Ostertag, J. Finke
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
Angiomodulin Is a Specific Marker of Vasculature and Regulates Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A–Dependent Neoangiogenesis
Authors: Andrea T. Hooper, Sergey V. Shmelkov, Sunny Gupta, Till Milde, Kathryn Bambino, Kelly Gillen, Mollie Goetz, Sai Chavala, Muhamed Baljevic, Andrew J. Murphy, David M. Valenzuela, Nicholas W. Gale, Gavin Thurston, George D. Yancopoulos, Linda Vahdat, Todd Evans, Shahin Rafii
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

Blood vessel formation is controlled by the balance between pro- and antiangiogenic pathways. Although much is known about the factors that drive sprouting of neovessels, the factors that stabilize and pattern neovessels are undefined. The expression of angiomodulin (AGM), a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A binding protein, was increased in the vasculature of several human tumors as compared to normal tissue, raising the hypothesis that AGM may modulate VEGF-A–dependent vascular patterning. To elucidate the expression pattern of AGM, we developed an AGM knockin reporter mouse (AGM lacZ/+ ), with which we demonstrate that AGM is predominantly expressed in the vasculature of developing embryos and adult organs. During physiological and pathological angiogenesis, AGM is upregulated in the angiogenic vasculature. Using the zebrafish model, we found that AGM is restricted to developing vasculature by 17 to 22 hours postfertilization. Blockade of AGM activity with morpholino oligomers results in prominent angiogenesis defects in vascular sprouting and remodeling. Concurrent knockdown of both AGM and VEGF-A results in synergistic angiogenesis defects. When VEGF-A is overexpressed, the compensatory induction of the VEGF-A receptor, VEGFR2/flk-1, is blocked by the simultaneous injection of AGM morpholino oligomers. These results demonstrate that the vascular-specific marker AGM modulates vascular remodeling in part by temporizing the proangiogenic effects of VEGF-A.