tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Experimental studies on toxicity of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan.
Authors: K Nagano, E Nakayama, H Oobayashi, T Nishizawa, H Okuda, K Yamazaki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Past studies on the toxicological effects of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers as well as the recent data on these chemicals in Japan are reviewed. Only a few researchers have participated in the study of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan. The effects of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers on testis and embryotoxic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGM) have been studied, as has the teratogenicity of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGdM). Studies on ethylene glycol alkyl ethers and related compounds administered to mice by oral gavage revealed the occurrence of testicular atrophy and decreased white blood cell count by EGM, EGdM, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, and the toxicity was related to their chemical structure. On the other hand, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monoacetate or ethylene glycol diacetate showed no such an effect. Studies on EGM using hamsters or guinea pigs revealed the occurrence of testicular atrophy similar to that observed in mice. In regard to the methyl ethers of other glycols, there is no convincing evidence that propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether causes testicular atrophy in mice. Teratological studies of EGM and EGdM revealed embryotoxic effects in mice.
Daily multivitamins do not protect against cardiovascular events, finds study
Authors: L. Anekwe
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Taking a daily multivitamin does not protect against cardiovascular events or death from cardiovascular disease, a large 10 year study of middle aged doctors has found.

Researchers from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School analysed data on multivitamin use and cardiovascular events from the Physicians’ Health Study II, a large scale trial testing the effects of long term use of a common multivitamin on the risk of …
The fibrinolytic activity of human oral epithelium and epidermis
Authors: J.C. SOUTHAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

The fibrinolytic activity of normal human oral epithelium and abdominal epidermis was studied by two techniques. With fibrinolytic autography, dorsal tongue, ventral tongue, cheek, palate and gingival sulcus epithelium showed fibrinolytic activity but oral gingival epithelium and the epidermis showed no activity. With a fibrin plate technique, potassium thiocyanate extracts of epidermis and oral epithelium all showed strong fibrinolytic activity, but activity in tris buffer extracts was demonstrable only with oral epithelium, and the activity was much weaker. The fact that the tris buffer extractable fibrinolytic activator was demonstrated only in oral epithelium suggests that the presence of this activator in epithelium is related to the type of keratinization and/or its rate of cell turnover.
Bilateral Adrenocortical Uptake of Ga-67 SPECT During Septicemia in a Heart Transplant Patient
Authors: Francisco Jos?? Pena, Remedios Quirce, Roberto H. Allende, Ignacio Banzo, Jos?? Manuel Carril
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Gallium-67 scintigraphy is a valuable agent in the management of fever of unknown origin. The use of SPECT increases its sensitivity and may demonstrate unexpected findings. We report on a heart-transplanted 55-year-old man with postsurgical fever of unknown origin. Ga-67 SPECT showed bilateral abnormal adrenal gland uptake that disappeared after intensive antibiotic therapy as assessed by a new Ga-67 scintigraphy obtained 3 months later. Unilateral and bilateral adrenal uptake of gallium has been reported in several clinical settings, ranging from adrenocortical adenomas to malignant disease such as lymphoma or adrenal metastases. Only one similar case, septicemia with transient adrenal uptake of gallium, has been previously reported.
Options for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

TWO NEW drugs, apparently acting in different ways, may soon provide clinical options in treating multiple sclerosis. Only a year ago there were no effective agents on the market to delay the course of autoimmune nerve demyelination. The Food and Drug Administration late in 1993 approved interferon beta-1b (Betaseron, Chiron Corp, Emeryville, Calif), based on data showing a significantly reduced relapse rate. Now two other agents appear not only to reduce the remission rate but also to slow disease progression and delay the onset of physical disability, according to reports at the annual meeting of the American Neurological Association, held in San Francisco, Calif. It is "very significant" that the drugs showed an effect on the rate of progression, says Abe Eastwood, PhD, director of research grant programs at the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY. "There has never been a drug that's had" such an effect. While direct
DNA Probes Demonstrate Utility in Diagnosis, Treatment Monitoring
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE FIRST DNA PROBES for oncogenes are awaiting Food and Drug Administration approval for use in cancer diagnosis. They may become to the 1990s what cytogenetics was to the 1980s and histology to the previous decades: the best means of providing a specific diagnosis of several forms of cancer. Although all three techniques provide a physiological indication of cellular changes related to carcinogenesis, each demonstrates something different. Histology detects gross cellular abnormalities; cytogenetics reveals alterations in banded chromosomes; molecular analysis uncovers changes in specific regions of DNA. Molecular analysis relies on the use of DNA probes, synthetic copies of specific genes that are radioactively labeled. When these probes are added to denatured DNA samples in a procedure called Southern blotting, they will hybridize with the gene whenever it is present. Thus, they can be used to indicate a gene's chromosomal location as well as the number of times it appears
Cooperative Study of Hospital Frequency and Character of Transient Ischemic Attacks
Authors: Mark L. Dyken
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To better understand transient ischemic attacks (TIA), all patients (1,328) with TIA-like symptoms were identified at six participating institutions representing known variations in geography, referral patterns, and socioeconomic status. A total of 954 patients were observed for a mean of 14.3 months. Problems in diagnosis are defined, demographic information is summarized, and features of the history, examination, tests, and treatments are noted. (<i>JAMA</i>237:882-886, 1977)
Severe Vitamin D Deficiency: A Prerequisite for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Responsiveness to Vitamin D Supplementation?
Authors: Diane R. Gold, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters19 June 2012Severe Vitamin D Deficiency: A Prerequisite for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Responsiveness to Vitamin D Supplementation?Diane R. Gold, MD, MPH and JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPHDiane R. Gold, MD, MPHFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.Search for more papers by this author and JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPHFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We would like to thank Dr. Grey and colleagues for their comments. There was no overall benefit of vitamin D supplementation for time to COPD exacerbation or exacerbation rates in the clinical trial by Lehouck and colleagues (1). However, when a post hoc analysis suggests a possible clinical benefit of vitamin D supplementation, with reduced exacerbations for the 20% of the population with severe vitamin deficiency at baseline (30 of 150 patients followed for 1 year), it would be worthwhile to evaluate whether these findings stand up internally to further statistical scrutiny, and whether they are reproducible.As ...Reference1. Lehouck A, Mathieu C, Carremans C, Baeke F, Verhaegen J, Van Eldere J, et al. High doses of vitamin D to reduce exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:105-14. [PMID: 22250141] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Diane R. Gold, MD, MPH; JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPHAffiliations: From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-2794. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHigh Doses of Vitamin D to Reduce Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease An Lehouck , Chantal Mathieu , Claudia Carremans , Femke Baeke , Jan Verhaegen , Johan Van Eldere , Brigitte Decallonne , Roger Bouillon , Marc Decramer , and Wim Janssens Severe Vitamin D Deficiency: A Prerequisite for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Responsiveness to Vitamin D Supplementation? Andrew Grey , Mark Bolland , and Ian Reid Metrics 19 June 2012Volume 156, Issue 12Page: 904-905KeywordsClinical trialsConflicts of interestDisclosureGenetic diseasesMorbidityPulmonary diseasesSmoking cessationSystemic diseasesVitamin DVitamin D deficiency ePublished: 19 June 2012 Issue Published: 19 June 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE
Authors: F. B. TAYLOR
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Until 1919, it was customary at the University of California Hospital to give a dose of castor oil the night before operation, and enemas in the morning. At that time, Dr. Terry discontinued the routine purgation, but left the order for enemas. The general impression about the hospital since then has been that the postoperative recoveries are on the average more satisfactory, and that there is less vomiting, abdominal distention and pain. Several of the operators are enthusiastic over the change, and no one has expressed any desire to return to the old routine. In 1918, Alvarez<sup>1</sup>suggested that it would be wise also to abolish the routine purge usually given on the second or third day after operation. Some of the nurses had remarked upon the fact that not infrequently everything went well until that purge was given, and then everything went wrong. It seemed often to give
Skeletal Photopenic Lesions on lndium-111 WBC Imaging; Differential Diagnosis
Authors: BELUR S. CHANDRAMAOULY, ROBIN P. CUNNINGHAM, FRANK J. SCHIANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

The authors describe an ln-111 WBC imaging study with the photopenic areas in the lumbar vertebrae and sacrum. Radiation therapy is a common etiology of this finding. Other causes are listed in the differential diagnosis with references following a literature search.
Prophylactic effect of dietary glutamine supplementation on interleukin 8 and tumour necrosis factor α production in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colitis
Authors: C K Ameho, A A Adjei, E K Harrison, K Takeshita, T Morioka, Y Arakaki, E Ito, I Suzuki, A D Kulkarni, A Kawajiri, S Yamamoto
Journal: Gut (1997)

Background —It is well established that glutamine supplemented elemental diets result in less severe intestinal damage in experimental colitis. However, few studies have examined the mode of action of glutamine in reducing intestinal damage. Aims— To examine the effects of glutamine supplemented elemental diets on the potent inflammatory cytokines interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis which presents with both acute and chronic features of ulcerative colitis. Methods— Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into three dietary groups and fed 20% casein (controls), or 20% casein supplemented with either 2% glutamine (2% Gln) or 4% glutamine (4% Gln). After two weeks they received intracolonic TNBS to induce colitis. Results—Both Gln groups of rats gained more weight than the control group (p&lt;0.05) which had progressive weight loss. Colon weight, macroscopic, and microscopic damage scores for the Gln groups were lower than in the control group (p&lt;0.05). IL-8 and TNF-α concentrations in inflamed colonic tissues were lower in the Gln groups than in the control group (p&lt;0.05), and correlated well with disease severity. Bacterial translocation was lower both in incidence (p&lt;0.05) and in the number of colony forming units (p&lt;0.05) for the Gln groups, than in the control group. With respect to all indices studied, the 4% Gln group performed better than did the 2% Gln group. Conclusion—Prophylactic glutamine supplementation modulates the inflammatory activities of IL-8 and TNF-α in TNBS induced colitis.
Covering the Uninsured
Authors: Kenneth E. Thorpe
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE MEDICAID program, designed to provide access to health care for the nation's poor, fails to provide coverage for more than 10.9 million individuals with annual income below the federal poverty level.<sup>1</sup>The gaps in coverage of the poor and the inequities of the current categorical eligibility system have focused interest on Medicaid reform. Recent federal initiatives have incrementally expanded Medicaid eligibility, particularly for poor pregnant women and young children. For proponents of more comprehensive Medicaid reform, however, the cost of expanding the program is an important obstacle. The legislative feasibility of any proposal to extend coverage depends critically on the level of new public sector spending required. In previous work, we estimated the fiscal impact of a proposal to expand Medicaid eligibility to cover all persons with annual income below the federal poverty level. This proposal, advanced by the Health Policy Agenda for the American People,<sup>2</sup>would
Prevention of Estrogen-Induced Gynecomastia With Radiation Therapy
Authors: Carolyn Ferree
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although Dr Swillinger's<sup>1</sup>question in the July 5 issue of<i>JAMA</i>specifically related to the necessity for mammography in a patient with gynecomastia secondary to estrogen therapy for prostate carcinoma, I feel that it is important to stress that gynecomastia can largely be prevented in these cases by irradiating each breast with up to 900 to 1,000 rad before estrogen therapy. This requires only three days for completion and prevents the hyperplasia that results in painful gynecomastia and should be considered by urologists prior to estrogen therapy.
Abstract P1-07-06: E2F-1 directly induces HOXB9 accelerating breast cancer progression
Authors: A Zhussupova, T Hayashida, M Takahashi, J Hiromitsu, Y Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) is a member of the class I HOX genes with highly conserved 61 amino acid homedomain motif, known to be overexpressed in breast cancer and related to tumor angiogenesis, EMT (Hayashida et al., PNAS 2010), and radio-resistance (Chiba et al., PNAS 2011), being significant prognostic factor in breast cancer patients (Seki et al., Ann Surg Oncol 2012). In this study, we investigated how HOXB9 expression is regulated in breast cancer cells. First, we analyzed the upstream promoter region of HOXB9 gene to determine the important sequence for HOXB9 transcription. The multiple lengths of HOXB9 promoter region from -2898 to +1 were cloned into pGL3 luciferase reporter vector. Luciferase activities in MDA-MB231 cells which overexpress HOXB9 were analyzed and determined that the region from -404 to -392 played the critical role for the transcription of HOXB9 gene. Computer prediction system for the binding ability to critical sequence raised several candidate genes including E2F-1, PAX-5, P53, Sp-I, ETS-1 and NFY-A which are known to be related with cancer progression. It was confirmed that all these genes could induce HOXB9 overexpression, and especially E2F-1 was the strong inducer. Then, E2F-1-induced cell lines from MCF7, MCF10A and MDA-MB231were established and the correlation between E2F-1 and HOXB9 mRNA expression was determined. ChIP assay revealed that E2F-1 could directly bind to the critical sequence of HOXB9 promoter. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) also indicated the binding ability of E2F-1. Finally, the tissue samples of 141 breast cancer patients, who undertook breast cancer surgery as a primary treatment, were stained with E2F-1 and HOXB9 antibodies, and correlation between HOXB9 and E2F-1 expression was confirmed with statistical significance (p&amp;lt;0.001). There are many publications describe the E2F-1 relation to the breast cancer patients prognosis. The context of this research displays the direct dependence of HOXB9 gene's expression through E2F-1, which might be suppressed by specific treatment, for example CDK4/6 inhibitor, and improve breast cancer patients’ survival. To confirm these genes might demonstrate novel factors and/or signaling pathways playing role in breast cancer progression through HOXB9 axis. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-07-06.
Precision de l'echoendoscopie pour le diagnostic topographique et de malignite des tumeurs intra-canalaires papillaires mucineuses du pancreas (TIPMP): étude comparative avec l'histologie chez 103 patients opérés
Authors: D O'Toole, A Couvelard-Benveniste, L Palazzo, E Chanteloup, P Burtin, A Aubert, F Maire, MP Vullierme, P Hammel, A Sauvanet, P Levy, P Ruszniewski
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

La prise en charge des TIPMP est difficile en raison de leur importante hétérogénéité topographique (atteinte du canal principal [CP], des canaux secondaires [CS] ou mixte); étendue des lésions canalaires, et histologique.
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Maria Matsagoura, Emanouil Andreadis, Emanouil J. Diamantopoulos, Charalambos Vassilopoulos, Nicholas Tentolouris, Nicholas Katsilambros
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Microalbuminuria is a well-established risk factor for atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes (1,2). In this cross-sectional study, we examined the effect of microalbuminuria on the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries, an index of early atherosclerosis (3), in patients with type 2 diabetes.

We studied a total of 120 subjects with type 2 diabetes (60 men and 60 women, aged 61.4 ± 6.8 years, duration of diabetes 10.4 ± 7.7 years, and HbA1c 7.9 ± 1.7% [mean ± SD]) randomly selected from the outpatient diabetes clinic. Microalbuminuria was diagnosed when albumin excretion (measured by radioimmunoassay) …
Check-ups after travel.
Authors: H A Rowland
Journal: BMJ (1974)

b Kaplan, A. L., Smith, J. P., and Tillman, A. J. B., American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1962, 83, 1519. 6 Kincaid-Smith, P., Fairley, K. F., and Bullen, M., Medical Journal of Australia, 1967, 11, 1155. 6 Oken, D. E., AmericanJournal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1966, 94, 1023. 7 Felding, C., Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinatica, 1968, 47, 166. 8 Hayslett, J. P., et al., Medicine, 1973, 52, 93. 9 Hayslet, J. P., et al., Medicine, 1972, 51, 393. 10 Forland, M., and Spargo, B. H., Nephron, 1969, 6, 498. 11 Studd, J. W. W., and Blainey, J. D., British Medical Journal, 1969, 1, 276. 12 Seftel, L. J., and Schewitz, L. J., Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 1957, 64, 862. 13 Lindheimer, M. D., and Katz, A. I., Obstetrics and Gynecology Annual, 1972, 1, 139. 14 Bacani, R. A., et al., Annals of Internal Medicine, 1968, 69, 463. 15 Finnerty, F. A., American J'ournal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1969, 105, 1022. 16 Schewitz, L. J., Seftel, H. C., and Isoacson, C., South African Medical Journal, 1961, 35, 341. 17Johnston, C. I., Johnson, J. R., and Reader, R., Australian Annals of Medicine, 1963, 12, 342. 18 Windle, W. F., Physiology of the Fetus. Springfield, Illinois, Thomas, 1971. 19 Garsenstein, M., Pollak, V. E., and Kark, R. M., New England J'ournal of Medicine, 1962, 267, 165. 20 McGee, C. D., and Makowski, E. L., American3journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1970, 107, 1008.
Contribution of skeletal muscle atrophy to exercise intolerance and altered muscle metabolism in heart failure.
Authors: D M Mancini, G Walter, N Reichek, R Lenkinski, K K McCully, J L Mullen, J R Wilson
Journal: Circulation (1992)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of skeletal muscle atrophy and its relation to exercise intolerance and abnormal muscle metabolism in patients with heart failure (HF).Peak VO2, percent ideal body weight (% IBW), 24-hour urine creatinine (Cr), and anthropometrics were measured in 62 ambulatory patients with HF. 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) of the calf were performed in 15 patients with HF and 10 control subjects. Inorganic phosphorus (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and intracellular pH were measured at rest and during exercise. Calf muscle volume was determined from the sum of the integrated area of muscle in 1-cm-thick contiguous axial images from the patella to the calcaneus. A reduced skeletal muscle mass was noted in 68% of patients, as evidenced by a decrease in Cr-to-height ratio of less than 7.4 mg/cm and/or upper arm circumference of less than 5% of normal. Calf muscle volume (MRI) was also reduced in the patients with HF (controls, 675 +/- 84 cm3/m2; HF, 567 +/- 112 cm3/m2; p less than 0.05). Fat stores were largely preserved with triceps skinfold of less than 5% of normal and/or IBW of less than 80% in only 8% of patients. Modest linear correlations were observed between peak VO2 and both calf muscle volume per meter squared (r = 0.48) and midarm muscle area (r = 0.36) (both p less than 0.05). 31P metabolic abnormalities during exercise were observed in the patients with HF, which is consistent with intrinsic oxidative abnormalities. The metabolic changes were weakly correlated with muscle volume (r = -0.42, p less than 0.05).These findings indicate that patients with chronic HF frequently develop significant skeletal muscle atrophy and metabolic abnormalities. Atrophy contributes modestly to both the reduced exercise capacity and altered muscle metabolism.
TCT-646 IVUS findings and clinical outcomes of angiographic late and very-late definite stent thrombosis treated with additional stent implantation versus balloon angioplasty
Authors: Josep Gomez Lara, Neus Salvatella, Nieves Gonzalo, Eduard Fernandez-Nofrerias, Felipe Hernandez, Angel López-Recalde, Teresa Bastante-Valiente, Rafael Romaguera, Joan Antoni Gomez-Hospital, Fernando Alfonso, Angel Cequier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
How smart do biomaterials need to be? A translational science and clinical point of view
Authors: Boris Michael Holzapfel, Johannes Christian Reichert, Jan-Thorsten Schantz, Uwe Gbureck, Lars Rackwitz, Ulrich Nöth, Franz Jakob, Maximilian Rudert, Jürgen Groll, Dietmar Werner Hutmacher
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2012)