tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Pain: A Guide to Rapid Diagnosis
Authors: J. H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This slender volume, labeled as a guide, approaches in almost tabular fashion the many variables of acute abdominal pain, as seen by the teaching surgeon. As such, the work tends to present, in a single line or in a phrase, steps which may be critically important in reaching a given diagnosis. This feature should caution the hurried and often harried physician seeking a "rapid diagnosis" to read carefully and slowly the condensed contents of this book, in order to avoid missing directions and taking the wrong exit from the freeway. What no "guide" can achieve is proper emphasis, because it must give negative findings as much time and space as the pertinent ones, whereas the able diagnostician eliminates in a flash the unrewarding leads and concentrates on positive symptoms and signs. The authors have managed to include a wide range of clinical information dealing with acute abdominal pain ("the acute
Progestins and Skeletal Maturation
Authors: Sidney Breibart, Alfred M. Bongiovanni, Walter R. Eberlein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE association of virilization of the female fetus with the administration of certain progestins during pregnancy is now well recognized. Since Wilkins et al.1 first called attention to this matter other reports have appeared and have incriminated, although rarely, some estrogenic compounds as well.2 This brief report concerns 6 infants referred to this service because of masculinization of the genitalia. In addition to these changes 5 of the 6 patients were found to have significant advancement of bone maturation.Six female infants, four days to thirty months of age, with varying degrees of clitoral enlargement and labioscrotal fusion due to . . .
French government cuts payments for "moderately useful" drugs
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In a decree published over the Easter holidays the French government has reduced the amount of subsidy it gives on 617 drugs it judges to be of only “moderate medical usefulness.”

These drugs, which include many of the drugs most often prescribed by general practitioners, are subsidised at the rate of 65% by the Department of Social Security's health insurance branch. As of 20 May the drugs will be subsidised at the rate of 35%. Patients—or their insurance company—will assume the balance of the cost.

The measure is expected to save about …
A spatial coding analysis of the A-not-B error: What IS “Location at A”?
Authors: Nora S. Newcombe
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Thelen et al. criticize “spatial coding” approaches to the A-not-B error. However, newer thinking about spatial coding provides more precise analytic categories and recognizes that different spatial coding systems normally coexist. Theorizing about spatial coding is largely compatible with dynamic-systems theory, augmenting it with an analysis of what one means when discussing “location at A” (or B).
Torasemide inhibits transcardiac extraction of aldosterone in patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Takayoshi Tsutamoto, Hiroshi Sakai, Atsuyuki Wada, Chitose Ishikawa, Keijin Ohno, Masanori Fujii, Takashi Yamamoto, Tomoyuki Takayama, Tomohiro Dohke, Minoru Horie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology
Authors: S. M. Rabson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The 17th edition of Simon Gage's<i>The Microscope</i>was published when he was 90 years old, a monument to a glorious old age. The work reviewed here, however, at first glance seems even more remarkable, for it initially appeared in 1902, ten years after Glaister was born. Only reference to his autobiography,<i>Final Diagnosis,</i>destroys ideas of precocity and makes clear what the preface fails to do— the John Glaister of 1902 was father to the present author, and his predecessor as professor of forensic medicine at Glasgow University. The arrangement of material is common to most British texts in which as much space is devoted to jurisprudence as to medicine. This is not surprising when one recalls the wide range of subjects on which European specialists in the field are consulted by legal authorities and by private clients—hence, sections on impotence and sterility, commitment to institutions of mentally ill,
Making Smoking History Worldwide
Authors: Howard K. Koh, Luk X. Joossens, Gregory N. Connolly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Dr. Howard Koh, Luk Joossens, and Gregory Connolly write that the world has begun to reclaim clean air as the social norm. For too long, the tobacco industry has spent billions to normalize, market, and glamorize a behavior that is now recognized as a tragic drug addiction.
Early assessment of regional myocardial blood flow and metabolism in thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 3 reperfused myocardial infarction using carbon-11–acetate
Authors: Alex F Maes, Frans Van de Werf, Liesbet V Mesotten, Patrick B Flamen, Ronald S Kuzo, Johan L Nuyts, Luc Mortelmans
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Spectre of racism in health and health care: lessons from history and the United States
Authors: R. Bhopal
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Inequalities in health and health care in relation to race and ethnicity pose ethical problems of which racism is the most disquieting. One controversial inequality is the poor health of African Americans—their life expectancy in 1993 was 7.1 years less than that of white Americans. La Veist et al have shown that the disparity has increased over this century. The deficit arises from excess mortality in relation to many causes of death, and is partly explained by differences in income.
Selenium deficiency in search of a disease
Authors: Raymond F. Burk
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Serum selenium concentrations were found to be significantly lower in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy than in women with normal pregnancies during the last trimester of pregnancy and post partum. The activity of the seleno-enzyme glutathione peroxidase had a significant positive correlation with selenium concentration and it was also significantly lower in women with the disease. These findings suggest that selenium deficiency and reduced glutathione peroxidase activity are associated with the aetiopathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
Regulatory T cells can migrate to follicles upon T cell activation and suppress GC-Th cells and GC-Th cell–driven B cell responses
Authors: Hyung W. Lim, Peter Hillsamer, Chang H. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

How Tregs migrate to GCs, and whether they regulate the helper activity of the T cells in GCs (GC-Th cells) remains poorly understood. We found a T cell subset in human tonsils that displays potent suppressive activities toward GC-Th cell–dependent B cell responses. These Tregs with the surface phenotype of CD4+CD25+CD69– migrate well to CCL19, a chemokine expressed in the T cell zone, but poorly to CXCL13, a chemokine expressed in the B cell zone. This migration toward the T cell–rich zone rapidly changes to trafficking toward B cell follicles upon T cell activation. This change in chemotactic behavior upon activation of T cells is consistent with their switch in the expression of the 2 chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7. CD4+CD25+CD69– Tregs suppress GC-Th cells and GC-Th cell–induced B cell responses such as Ig production, survival, and expression of activation-induced cytosine deaminase. Our results have identified a subset of Tregs that is physiologically relevant to GC-Th cell–dependent B cell responses and a potential regulation mechanism for the trafficking of these Tregs to GCs.
Let fingerprints help the healing
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

An influential group of MPs has claimed that widespread financial incompetence is adding to the cost of the United Kingdom's controversial private finance initiative (PFI).The House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts made its new attack on the PFI after it discovered that the government had clawed back £100m (€145m; $200m) less than was predicted from the new private-public profit sharing schemes.The committee's chairman, the Conservative MP Edward Leigh, blamed the loss on the failure of Treasury officials to oversee key refinancing arrangements.In 2002 ministers introduced changes so that public sector bodies could share in some of the financial gains when big PFI loans were rearranged.Typically, these loans were renegotiated on a more favourable basis once PFI projects had been completed and the risks involved were lower.However, left to their own devices, officials in local hospitals had been out of their depth negotiating with their counterparts in the private sector, the committee says.In 2003 the Office of Government Commerce, which then had responsibility for PFI policy, told the public accounts committee that it expected the public sector to receive between £175m and £200m from the voluntary sharing arrangements in early PFI deals.However, up to December 2006 the government had secured the right to gains of only £93m."Proceeds gained by the public sector from PFI debt refinancing under the voluntary code for the sharing of gains are currently well short of expectations" said Mr Leigh.
Clinical Allergy: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Scott H. Sicherer
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GENERALIZED TRHICHOPHYTOX MENTAGROPYTES RINGWORM IN CAPUCHIN MONKEYS (CEBUS NIGRIVITATUS)
Authors: B. G. BAGNALL, W. GRUNBERG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— A chronic and extensive Trichophyton mentagraphytes infection is reported in 3 Capuchin monkeys (Cebus nigrivitatus). The animals were severely debilitated from internal parasites, pneumonia and enteritis, which led to their deaths within 2 months of purchase by a zoo. Clinically there was widespread hair loss, with skin scaling and crusting. The histological picture was one of marked hyperkeratosis and peri‐folliculitis. The disease was not transmitted to 5 other healthy monkeys housed in the same enclosure.
Isolating Fetal Cells From Maternal Blood
Authors: Joe Leigh Simpson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To review the rationale for and progress toward the goal of isolating and analyzing fetal cells circulating in maternal blood, and to explore the feasibility of this method in providing noninvasive prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.Critical review of data published since the first report (1969) of fetal metaphases in maternal blood. Emphasis is placed on data since the demonstration by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 1989 and 1990 that fetal cells indeed exist in maternal blood.Clinical evaluations have not yet been conducted, but it is already clear that molecular technologies have allowed the unequivocal demonstration of fetal cells in maternal blood. Using PCR, our own group and others have demonstrated Y sequences and single gene sequences (eg, hemoglobin LeporeBoston) in maternal blood. Thus, fetal DNA sequences indeed exist in maternal blood. Among the various candidate cells, the most promising appear to be fetal nucleated red blood cells. We isolated nucleated red blood cells on the basis of flow-sorting for the transferrin receptor and glycophorin-A. Enriched samples were then subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific probes. This approach allowed us to detect trisomy 21 and trisomy 18, work later confirmed by others.Isolating and analyzing fetal cells from maternal blood is clearly possible. Several key biologic questions remain--the optimal cells for isolation, frequency of cells in maternal blood, timing during gestation for maternal blood sampling, and the likelihood of persistence of fetal cells after delivery. Clinical evaluations planned by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development will determine the sensitivity and specificity of this method and its precise role in prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.
Calmodulin Is the Ca2+ Sensor for Ca2+-Dependent Inactivation of L-Type Calcium Channels
Authors: Blaise Z Peterson, Carla D DeMaria, David T Yue
Journal: Neuron (1999)

Elevated intracellular Ca2+ triggers inactivation of L-type calcium channels, providing negative Ca2+ feedback in many cells. Ca2+ binding to the main α1C channel subunit has been widely proposed to initiate such Ca2+-dependent inactivation. Here, we find that overexpression of mutant, Ca2+-insensitive calmodulin (CaM) ablates Ca2+-dependent inactivation in a "dominant-negative" manner. This result demonstrates that CaM is the actual Ca2+ sensor for inactivation and suggests that CaM is constitutively tethered to the channel complex. Inactivation is likely to occur via Ca2+-dependent interaction of tethered CaM with an IQ-like motif on the carboxyl tail of α1C. CaM also binds to analogous IQ regions of N-, P/Q-, and R-type calcium channels, suggesting that CaM-mediated effects may be widespread in the calcium channel family.
MCAT Responds to Changes in Medical Education and Physician Practice
Authors: August Swanson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE EXECUTIVE Council of the Association of American Medical Colleges has approved substantial revisions to the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). Approximately every 10 years, the Association of American Medical Colleges undertakes a rigorous review of test format and content to ensure the MCAT's continuing timeliness, relevance, and fair and objective assessment. The current revisions are predicated on changes in medical education and medical practice to which the test must respond, rather than on any deficiencies in the current test. The knowledge base and technologies of medicine are changing and expanding at breathtaking speed. If tomorrow's physicians are to keep pace with the requirements of their profession, they will need the ability to gather and rigorously assess data, to apply the basic concepts and principles of medicine to the solution of scientific and clinical problems, to continually update their knowledge and skills, and to communicate what they have learned to
Oral Thymic Extract To Treat Hepatitis C
Authors: J. L. Frossard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters17 August 1999Oral Thymic Extract To Treat Hepatitis CJ. L. FrossardJ. L. FrossardGeneva University Hospital; Geneva, Switzerland (Frossard)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-4-199908170-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was interested to read Raymond and colleagues' report on oral thymic extract for chronic hepatitis C (1). This trial most probably failed to prove any benefit of thymic extract in patients with hepatitis C. Because the authors selected patients who did not respond to previous interferon therapy, it is not surprising that thymic extract alone had no effect as a monotherapy. Poynard and colleagues (2) recently showed that interferon-α2b plus ribavirin is more effective than interferon-α2b monotherapy. Reichard and associates' study (3) also suggests that patients with high HCV RNA loads should be treated with interferon-α2b ...References1. Raymond RS, Fallon MB, Abrams GA. Oral thymic extract for chronic hepatitis C in patients previously treated with interferon. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:797-800. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Poynard T, Marcellin P, Lee SS, Niederau C, Minuk GS, Ideo G, et al . Randomised trial of interferon alpha2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group (IHIT). Lancet. 1998;352:1426-32. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Reichard O, Norkrans G, Fryden A, Braconier JH, Sonnerborg A, Weiland O. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon α-2b with and without ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. The Swedish Study Group. Lancet. 1998;351:83-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, Schiff ER, Shiffman ML, Lee WM, Rustgi VK, et al . Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1485-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Geneva University Hospital; Geneva, Switzerland (Frossard) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOral Thymic Extract for Chronic Hepatitis C in Patients Previously Treated with Interferon Robert S. Raymond , Michael B. Fallon , and Gary A. Abrams Oral Thymic Extract To Treat Hepatitis C Gary A. Abrams Oral Thymic Extract To Treat Hepatitis C Robert D. Blank Metrics 17 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 4Page: 312KeywordsChronic hepatitis CHepatitis CInterferonsRNA Issue Published: 17 August 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Lupus erythematosus profundus treated with clobetasol propionate under a hydrocolioid dressing
Authors: J.A. Yell, S.M. Burge
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Lupus erythematosus profundus treated with clobetasol propionate under a hydrocolioid dressing Get access J.A. Yell, J.A. Yell Department of Dermatology, The Slade Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.M. Burge S.M. Burge Department of Dermatology, The Slade Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Page 103, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00158.x Published: 01 January 1993
A7.17 Microarray Gene Expression Profiling of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients for Prediction of Response to Methotrexate Treatment
Authors: K Mans, N Tandon, C Sohnrey, S Bolle, A Grützkau, GR Burmester, T Häupl, B Stuhlmüller
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> An early prediction of the outcome of particular DMARD therapies is necessary to treat the patients individually. This study aimed at defining predictive mRNA biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients for the response to future treatment with methotrexate (MTX). <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> For this purpose whole blood samples from 52 active RA patients before treatment were collected in PAXgene® Blood RNA Tubes (PreAnalytiX). Extraction of intracellular RNA including miRNA was performed according to PAXgene® Blood miRNA. Kit protocol. Extracted RNA samples were amplified employing the GeneChip® 3′IVT Express Kit and hybridised onto Affymetrix GeneChip® 133 Plus 2.0 Arrays. Labelling was carried out with the GeneChip® Hybridisation, Wash and Stain Kit in a GeneChip® Fluidics Station 450. Generated signal data was normalised and evaluated using the Affymetrix Expression Console (MAS5.0) and the BioRetis online database for candidate gene selection (BioRetis GmbH, Berlin). Classification of RA patients into good, moderate and non-responders was performed based on the DAS28 and EULAR response criteria after 3 months of MTX treatment. Prior to further expression analysis all patients were divided into two genetically more homogeneous subsets – one group of 29 donors expressing a specific HLA allele mRNA and one group of 23 not expressing this specific HLA mRNA. Hierarchical clustering of discriminating candidate genes was performed using the Genesis software v1.7.6 (IGB-TU, Graz) including and excluding 9 medium responders in the HLA positive cluster and 4 medium responders in the HLA negative cluster. <h3>Results</h3> Gene comparison analysis was improved by separation of the patient collective into positive (n = 29) or negative (n = 23) groups expressing a specific HLA mRNA. Differential mRNA expression before treatment was determined between 14 good responders and 6 non-responders in the HLA positive and between 12 good responders and 7 non-responders in the HLA negative group, calculating expression change calls and fold changes. A clear discrimination between responders and non-responders to future MTX treatment was achieved with 16 distinct candidate genes for each group. These mRNA candidates will be validated in independent qPCR analyses and with further statistical cross validation algorithms. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Early prediction of response to MTX monotherapy using microarray analyses is an opportunity for effective individual medication and therefore allows preventing side effects. Employing specific response marker genes such as CD11c for anti-TNF monotherapy it is also of interest to define predictive biomarkers for the commonly used anti-TNF/MTX combination therapy not only preventing side-effects but also reducing costs.
Essential Progressive Telangiectasia
Authors: Walter B. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A 39-year-old woman had a seven-year history of a peculiar idiopathic telangiectasia of her feet which progressively extended up her legs. She experienced complete disappearance of the erythema, as well as capillary and venule dilatation, as a result of a three-month course of orally administered tetracycline therapy. Association is made with the fact that tetracycline regularly controls the flushing and reverses the otherwise permanent dilatation of the small vessels seen in rosacea.