tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of calcium in overdrive suppression of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Authors: E Musso, M Vassalle
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

The role of calcium in the electrical and mechanical changes induced by overdrive was studied in canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. The following results were obtained: (1) hyperpolarization and pause induced by a "short" (1-minute) overdrive are smaller in a low and larger in a high calcium solution; (2) overdriving at a constant ratio of overdrive to spontaneous rate only reduces the difference in pause duration in different calcium concentrations; (3) after overdrive, the initial diastolic depolarization is flatter and the late diastolic depolarization is steeper the control in low calcium and the opposite changes occur in high calcium; (4) the threshold for the first beat after overdrive is more negative in low than high calcium; (5) with "long" (2-minute or more) overdrives, hyperpolarization of comparable magnitude is seen during overdrive in low and high calcium; (6) the decline of hyperpolarization after overdrive is faster in high calcium unless the fiber is driven at slow rate ("postdrive"); (7) the contractile force after overdrive is greater than before overdrive in low and normal calcium and smaller than before overdrive in high calcium, and this difference is less during postdrive; (8) hyperpolarization and pause are reduced in a low sodium solution. It is concluded that calcium modifies overdrive suppression in several respects (hyperpolarization, slope of diastolic depolarization, duration of the pause and threshold), but is only one of the several factors involved in determining overdrive hyperpolarization and suppression.
1004-48 Randomized trial of radial versus femoral access for primary and rescue angioplasty
Authors: Warren J Cantor, Geoff Puley, Madhu Natarajan, Vlad Dzavik, Mina Madan, Anne Fry, Nurry Pirani, Hahn Hoe Kim, James Velianou, Bradley H Strauss, Robert J Chisholm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A polymorphism in the <scp>T</scp><sub>H</sub>2 locus control region is associated with changes in <scp>DNA</scp> methylation and gene expression
Authors: M. Schieck, V. Sharma, S. Michel, A. A. Toncheva, L. Worth, D. P. Potaczek, J. Genuneit, A. Kretschmer, M. Depner, J.‐C. Dalphin, J. Riedler, R. Frei, J. Pekkanen, J. Tost, M. Kabesch
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Genomewide association and epigenetic studies found a region within the RAD50 gene on chromosome 5q31 to be associated with total serum IgE levels and asthma. In mice, this region harbors a locus control region for nearby TH 2 cytokines, which is characterized by four Rad50 DNase I hypersensitive sites (RHS4-7). Among these, RHS7 seems to have the strongest impact on TH 2 differentiation. We investigated whether within the human homolog of RHS7, functional polymorphisms exist, which could affect DNA methylation or gene expression in the 5q31 locus and might have an influence on asthma status or IgE regulation.The human RHS7 region was fine mapped using 1000 genomes database information. In silico analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to assess SNP function. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were evaluated in cord blood (n = 73) and at age of 4.5 years (n = 61) by pyrosequencing. Allele-specific effects on RAD50, IL4, and IL13 expression were analyzed in 100 subjects. Associations with asthma and IgE levels were investigated in the MAGICS/ISAAC II population (n = 1145).Polymorphism rs2240032 in the RHS7 region is suggestive of allele-specific transcription factor binding, affects methylation of the IL13 promoter region and influences RAD50 and IL4 expression (lowest P = 0.0027). It is also associated with total serum IgE levels (P = 0.0227).A functional relevant polymorphism in the TH 2 locus control region, equivalent to RHS7 in mice, affects DNA methylation and gene expression within 5q31 and influences total serum IgE on the population level.
Calcified Costal Cartilage as a Cause of False Interpretation on Myocardial Imaging
Authors: EUISHIN KIM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Two cases of false interpretation of abnormal myocardial scan with 99mTc-pyrophosphate by calcified costal cartilage in the precorial region are presented. This communication reports the difficulty in correctly interpreting positive 99mTc-pyrophosphate myocardial scan in a case with calcified costal cartilages in the presence of abnormal electrocardiographic and enzymatic changes. Recent reports of false positive myocardial scans are briefly reviewed.
Virtually Continuous Euglycemia for 5 Yr in a Labile Juvenile-onset Diabetic Patient Under Noninvasive Closed-Loop Control
Authors: Richard K Bernstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

The author, diabetic for 33 yr, has used a novel technique for maintaining blood glucose (BG) in the 60–120 mg/dl range and HbA1c in the 3.95–6.4&amp; range, thereby lowering serum triglycerides from 200+ to 29 mg/dl, cholestrol from 250+ to 130 mg/dl, and insulin dosage from 80 to 25 U/day. BG is patient-monitored six times a day with Dextrostix and Ames Eyetone reflectance colorimeter, modified for battery operation. BG levels over 115 mg/dl are corrected with Regular insulin, 0.5 U for every 15 mg/dl elevation above 100 mg/dl. BG levels below 85 are treated with one glucose tablet (Dextrosol) for every 15 mg/dl below 100 mg/dl. Usual preprandial split insulin doses are: 5 U Regular (R) + 5 U Ultralente (UL) about 50 min prebreakfast, 5R about 50 min prelunch, and 5R + 5UL about 50 min presupper. High protein diet limits carbohydrate to one bread exchange per meal, no simple sugars, no fruits. Caloric distribution is approximately 15&amp; CHO, ≥ 45&amp; PRO, ≤ 40&amp; fat. This diet eliminates postprandial BG elevation without the large doses of R that might cause severe hypoglycemia when meals are slightly delayed. Snacks are contraindicated unless covered by additional R. Meals may be skipped or taken at any time provided R is withheld or times as appropriate. Psychological and physiologic improvements experienced by the author and other patients are described. The method is recommended to investigators as a means for testing long-term effects of euglycemia on sequellae of insulin-dependent DM in humans.
ANOMALOUS HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PEMPHIGUS.
Authors: F. F. HELLIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1954)

Journal Article ANOMALOUS HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PEMPHIGUS. Get access F. F. HELLIER F. F. HELLIER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 66, Issue 2, 1 February 1954, Pages 49–53, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1954.tb12587.x Published: 01 February 1954
Molecular Response of e19a2 <i>BCR-ABL1</i> Chronic Myeloid Leukemia With Double Philadelphia Chromosome to Dasatinib
Authors: Kazuhiko Ikeda, Kayo Harada-Shirado, Hayato Matsumoto, Hideyoshi Noji, Kazuei Ogawa, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)
Anatomical Course of an Oesophago-gastro-duodeno-jejunal Duplication
Authors: D. Barlow
Journal: Thorax (1965)

From the Hospitals for Diseases of the Chest (London Chest Hospital) An electrician's mate aged 18 years was referred to the writer by a chest physician in June 1964 with the history that on mass radiography in July 1962 shadows were seen projecting a little from the right side of the mediastinum both above and below the level of the hilum (Fig. 1).He had had no symptoms apart from a trivial cough since the age of 6 years.There were a few slightly,pigmented spots on the trunk diagnosed as 'oil folliculitis' due to his occupation.He was admitted for investigation to a thoracic unit where a thoracotomy was performed by another surgeon.A large multi-cystic oesophageal duplication was found.This was mobilized, but since the proximal end disappeared into the neck and the distal end extended down into the abdo- FIG. 1.The duplication projects from the right side of the mediastinum.248
Medicine in the Ghetto
Authors: John C. Norman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Abstract The evolution of the problems of medicine in the ghetto is based on three and a half centuries of exploitation of society's major minority group. The problems are further compounded by the apparent benefit of society in continuing this exploitation, a relative lack of awareness and understanding of the ghetto resident and an appalling inadequacy of national priorities directed toward their benefit. These medical problems are inextricably intertwined with sociologic, economical, environmental and political factors that continue to dehumanize and demoralize. Taken together in their present form and magnitude, they represent one of society's major injustices and will continue to exist and increase until they receive the appropriate priorities and commitments based on the sincere and enlightened desires of all segments of society to make life livable for all its members.
Transforming growth factor ? and tumor necrosis factor ? inhibit both apoptosis and proliferation of activated rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Bernhard Saile, Nina Matthes, Thomas Knittel, Giuliano Ramadori
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as well as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) gene expression are up-regulated in chronically inflamed liver. These cytokines were investigated for their influence on apoptosis and proliferation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Spontaneous apoptosis in activated HSC was significantly down-regulated by 53% ± 8% ( P &lt; .01) under the influence of TGF-β and by 28% ± 2% ( P &lt; .05) under the influence of TNF-α. TGF-β and TNF-α significantly reduced expression of CD95L in activated HSCs, whereas CD95 expression remained unchanged. Furthermore, HSC apoptosis induced by CD95-agonistic antibodies was reduced from 96% ± 2% to 51 ± 7% ( P &lt; .01) by TGF-β, and from 96% ± 2% to 58 ± 2% ( P &lt; .01) by TNF-α, suggesting that intracellular antiapoptotic mechanisms may also be activated by both cytokines. During activation, HSC cultures showed a reduced portion of cells in the G 0 /G 1 phase and a strong increment of G 2 -phase cells. This increment was significantly inhibited (G 1 arrest) by administration of TGF-β and/or TNF-α to activated cells. In liver sections of chronically damaged rat liver (CCl 4 model), using desmin and CD95L as markers for activated HSC, most of these cells did not show apoptotic signs (TUNEL-negative). Taken together, these findings indicate that TGF-β and/or TNF-α both inhibit proliferation and also apoptosis in activated HSC in vitro . Both processes seem to be linked to each other, and their inhibition could represent the mechanism responsible for prolonged survival of activated HSC in chronic liver damage in vivo .
Symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux as a risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: A J CAMERON
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The Ocean Sampling Day (OSD) project provided metabarcoding data for the V4 hyper-variable regions of the 18S rRNA gene from 157 samples collected at 143 mostly coastal stations. In this paper we focus on the class Mamiellophyceae, which was found at nearly all OSD stations and represented 55 % of the green microalgae (Chlorophyta) reads in the 2014 OSD dataset. We performed phylogenetic analyses of unique OSD metabarcodes (ASV, amplicon single variants) and reference GenBank sequences from cultures and from the environment, focusing on the four most represented genera: <i>Ostreococcus</i> (45 % of the Mamiellophyceae reads), <i>Micromonas</i> (34 %), <i>Bathycoccus</i> (10 %) and <i>Mantoniella</i> (8.7 %). These analyses uncovered novel diversity within each genus except <i>Bathycoccus</i>. In <i>Ostreococcus</i>, a new clade (E) with 2 very clear base pair differences compared to the oceanic clade B in the V4 region was the second most represented clade after the coastal <i>Ostreococcus</i> “<i>lucimarinus</i>”. Within <i>Micromonas</i>, ten clades were found exceeding the 4 species and 2 candidate species already described. Finally, we found 2 new environmental clades of <i>Mantoniella</i>. Each Mamiellophyceae clade had a specific distribution in the OSD dataset suggesting that they are adapted to different ecological niches.
Alveolar Macrophage Dysregulation in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Type 1
Authors: Farshid N. Rouhani, Mark L. Brantly, Thomas C. Markello, Amanda Helip-Wooley, Kevin O'Brien, Richard Hess, Marjan Huizing, William A. Gahl, Bernadette R. Gochuico
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Individuals with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 (HPS-1), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by defective biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, develop an accelerated form of progressive fibrotic lung disease. The etiology of pulmonary fibrosis associated with HPS-1 is unknown.To investigate the potential pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in HPS-1, lung cells and proteins from individuals with HPS-1 were studied.Forty-one subjects with HPS-1 with and without pulmonary fibrosis were evaluated with pulmonary function tests, high-resolution computed tomography scan, and bronchoscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage cells and analytes were analyzed.Concentrations of total bronchoalveolar lavage cells and alveolar macrophages were significantly higher in epithelial lining fluid from subjects with HPS-1 with and without pulmonary fibrosis compared with healthy research volunteers. Concentrations of cytokines and chemokines (i.e., monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in alveolar epithelial lining fluid were significantly higher in subjects with HPS-1 with and without pulmonary fibrosis compared with healthy research volunteers (P < 0.001). In vitro, HPS-1 pulmonary fibrosis alveolar macrophages, which did not express HPS1 mRNA, secreted significantly higher concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) protein compared with normal cells (P = 0.001, P = 0.014, and P = 0.011, respectively). Pirfenidone suppressed HPS-1 alveolar macrophage cytokine and chemokine secretion in vitro in a dose-dependent manner.In HPS-1, alveolar inflammation predominantly involves macrophages and is associated with high lung concentrations of cytokines and chemokines. HPS-1 alveolar macrophages provide a model system in which to study the pathogenesis and treatment of HPS pulmonary fibrosis.
Clinical Impact of Ultrasound-Related Techniques on the Diagnosis of Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Veronica Salvatore, Luigi Bolondi
Journal: Liver Cancer (2012)

Since its introduction in clinical practice, ultrasound technology has greatly impacted patient management, particularly in the case of liver diseases, where hepatologists usually perform ultrasound examinations. Clinicians are increasingly aware of the great potential of ultrasound waves and of the recent innovations that exploit the mechanical properties of ultrasound waves. Thus, at present, not only B-mode ultrasound but also contrast-enhanced ultrasound and, more recently, elastosonography are used worldwide in various settings. This review aims to describe why clinicians should be aware of ultrasound-based techniques, how they should use these techniques for assessing focal liver lesions, and how these techniques impact patient management. We will review the clinical potential of ultrasound-related techniques, starting from lesion detection, moving to characterization, and concluding with their utility in guiding treatments and analyzing their effects.
Novel valproic acid derivatives with hemoglobin F inducing activity
Authors: G. Rönndahl, S. Mönkemeyer, S. Schulze, A. Pekrun, D. Eikel, H. Nau, O. Witt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Pharmacological induction of hemoglobin F expression may be a promising approach for the treatment of β‐thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Valproic acid, a drug frequently used for the treatment of seizure disorders, has been shown to enhance fetal hemoglobin synthesis in erythroid cells. However, this effect is only modest and requires relative high concentrations. Therefore, the drug appears not to be applicable for the treatment of β‐globin chain disorders. Here, we describe the identification of novel valproic acid derivatives with potent hemoglobin F inducing activities at concentrations that presumably can be obtained in vivo. Am. J. Hematol. 81:374–376, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A protein transduction method using oligo-arginine (3R) for the delivery of transcription factors into cell nuclei
Authors: Takashi Hitsuda, Hiroyuki Michiue, Mizuki Kitamatsu, Atsushi Fujimura, Feifei Wang, Takahiro Yamamoto, Xiao-Jian Han, Hiroshi Tazawa, Atsuhito Uneda, Iori Ohmori, Tei-ichi Nishiki, Kazuhito Tomizawa, Hideki Matsui
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Ischaemic preconditioning delays ischaemia induced cellular electrical uncoupling in rabbit myocardium by activation of ATP sensitive potassium channels
Authors: H. L Tan, P. Mazon, H. J Verberne, M. E Sleeswijk, R. Coronel, T. Opthof, M. J Janse
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The aim was to examine whether ischaemic preconditioning delays the onset of cellular electrical uncoupling during ischaemia, and whether the effect of preconditioning is mediated by the activation of ATP sensitive K+ channels (IK-ATP).Onset of uncoupling, action potential duration (APD80), and conduction velocity were measured in an isolated perfused rabbit papillary muscle. Preconditioning consisted of 10 min occlusion and 10 min reperfusion prior to 40 min sustained ischaemia. Five groups were studied: (1) control (sustained ischaemia only); (2) preconditioning; (3) preconditioning with 20 microM glibenclamide, a blocker of IK-ATP, added for 10 min during the reperfusion period; (4) sustained ischaemia after 15 min perfusion with 20 microM cromakalim (BRL 34915), an opener of IK-ATP; (5) sustained ischaemia after 10 min perfusion with 20 microM glibenclamide without preconditioning.Uncoupling started at 15.0(SEM 0.7) min of ischaemia in the control group and at 22.8(1.5) min after preconditioning (p < 0.001 v control group). Blocking IK-ATP during the preconditioning protocol with glibenclamide abolished the delay of uncoupling: onset was at 14.7(1.2) min. Activation of IK-ATP with cromakalim resulted in uncoupling at 23.3(1.9) min (p < 0.002 v control). Glibenclamide without preconditioning had no effect on uncoupling: onset was at 15.6(1.0) min. APD80 during ischaemia was significantly shorter in the preconditioning and cromakalim groups than in the control group from 5 min of ischaemia onward. In the preconditioning+glibenclamide group and the glibenclamide group APD80 was at no point significantly different from the control group. Conduction velocity during ischaemia decreased to about 70% of baseline after 10 min and was not different between the five groups.(1) Preconditioning delays the onset of electrical uncoupling; (2) the protective effect of preconditioning may be caused by activation of the IK-ATP channel; (3) the protective effect is associated with reduction of action potential duration, but not with changes of conduction velocity.
Changes in glucose tolerance after treatment for acromegaly: Authors' reply
Authors: V A McKnight, D R McCance, J G Crothers, A B Atkinson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

show increased direct catabolism of VLDL apo- lipoprotein B without conversion to low density lipoprotein resulting in lower concentrations of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol than in white people.Whether such compensatory mechanisms operate in other ethnic groups is not known, but the lipid/lipoprotein patterns found in Asians suggest that they do not.In Afro-Caribbean people (who currently have low rates of coronary disease) similar patterns to those in the Pima Indians are found, but in black Americans (in whom insulin resistance and high rates of coronary disease and diabetes now occur) the lipid profile is closer to that of white Americans.56Contrary to Professor Jarrett's negative view of current hypotheses, there is much in favour of the C peptide-insulin-atheroma link, particularly if data from in vitro experiments on insulin-like growth factors and homologous peptides are in- cluded.Refinements and novel approaches to these ethnic differences, rather than the guillotine, are required.Vive la difference!
STUDIES ON THE COMMON COLD
Authors: Yale Kneeland, Caroline F. Dawes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

1. Bacteriological and clinical observations on respiratory disease in a semiisolated infant population over a period of 2 years are recorded. 2. In two severe winter outbreaks of respiratory infection a parallel rise in the carrier rate of pathogenic organisms was noted. 3. The first autumn outbreak of colds seems to favor the dissemination of the pathogenic organisms. 4. The relationship of colds to the severer infections is roughly reciprocal. 5. Infants between 8 and 14 months of age are subject to the most severe infections. 6. The number of infants showing positive skin reactions to products of pathogenic organisms increases during the winter months. 7. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Sudden death in epilepsy
Authors: A. Neligan, G. S. Bell, J. W. Sander
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a partially automated sphygmomanometer for accuracy in the ambulatory care setting. Patients seen in 80 consecutive office visits served as subjects. Blood pressures were measured simultaneously under standard conditions. The oscillometric test instrument and a standard mercury manometer were connected with a Y tube. Paired t-tests were used to determine statistical differences between values obtained from the two instruments. Analyses were done by age, sex, and blood pressure range. While mean differences in blood pressure values were statistically significant in almost every instance, the quantitative differences were 5 mmHg or less with one exception. The differences, although statistically significant, were not great enough to be clinically important. We conclude that the Marshall 85™ oscillometric sphygmomanometer is sufficiently accurate for limited use in the ambulatory care setting.
Ethics Consultation in Health Care
Authors: John La Puma
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Upstart new fields with special bodies of knowledge and special clinical competence exist only so long as fringe groups. Successful new fields are recognized by patients, payers, and professional organizations, and soon fringe groups begin to look like other fields of medicine. Ethics consultation requests, for example, come by car phone, through the answering service, and in the parking lot. Ethics consultation has a Society for Bioethics Consultation (c 1987), The Journal of Clinical Ethics (c 1990), and now, finally, a book.   Ethics Consultation in Health Care is a collection of essays based on presentations given at a 1985 National Institutes of Health—University of California at San Francisco conference of institutionally designated ethics consultants. The book's editors are eminent and thoughtful, and have struggled to right the problems inherent in symposia by inviting several new essays, one of which they write themselves. There are 11 chapters of 167 pages; an