tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Marcus Mortimer Sundle
Authors: J Saperia
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former general practitioner Edgware, Middlesex (b Belfast 1929; q Queen's University, Belfast, 1953; FRCGP), died from a self diagnosed cerebral haemorrhage on 10 September 2004.

Marky did long spells as a practice trainer, as a clinical assistant in dermatology, and as an editor on the board of the Prescribers' Journal. His enthusiasm for the work of Michael Balint bore fruit over many years' attendance at the Tavistock Clinic, which broadened his outlook and appreciation of the psychological ills of his patients. He leaves a wife, Freda; three children; and four grandchildren.
Bayesian computation and mechanism: Theoretical pluralism drives scientific emergence
Authors: David K. Sewell, Daniel R. Little, Stephan Lewandowsky
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract The breadth-first search adopted by Bayesian researchers to map out the conceptual space and identify what the framework can do is beneficial for science and reflective of its collaborative and incremental nature. Theoretical pluralism among researchers facilitates refinement of models within various levels of analysis, which ultimately enables effective cross-talk between different levels of analysis.
Ethnic Variation in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Children and Young Adults
Authors: Marilyn A. Winkleby, Thomas N. Robinson, Jan Sundquist, Helena C. Kraemer
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Context Knowledge about ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among children and young adults from national samples is limited.Objective To evaluate ethnic differences in CVD risk factors, the age at which differences were first apparent, and whether differences remained after accounting for socioeconomic status (SES).
211 Effect of viral clearance on clinical outcome in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis. A retrospective study in 138 patients
Authors: R. El Braks, J. Paries, H. Fontaine, N. Ganne-Carrie, G. Nkontchou, M. Tin Tin Htar, V. Grando-Lemaire, M. Beaugrand, S. Pol, J.C. Trinchet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Cardiac catheterisation by the Judkins technique as an outpatient procedure.
Authors: K. G. Oldroyd, K. V. Phadke, R. Phillips, P. H. Carson, M. Clarke, J. A. Davis
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the safety and cost benefit of left heart catheterisation by a modified Judkins technique performed as a day patient procedure. DESIGN--Review study of case notes of consecutive patients examined by the procedure over three years (January 1984 to December 1986). SETTING--Outpatient referrals in a regional cardiac centre within a district general hospital. PATIENTS--Nine hundred patients aged 18-76 (mean 54) selected at a previous clinic as suitable for the procedure. MAIN RESULTS--Eight hundred and fifty patients (94.4%) were discharged home on the day of the procedure. Forty others (4.4%) could not be discharged owing to complications during or just after the procedure. Of these patients, two died (0.2%), six suffered a myocardial infarction (0.7%), and two had major vascular complications. The remaining 30 patients were admitted because of chest pain without infarction (10 cases), minor vascular incidents (six), haemorrhage at the puncture site (five), arrhythmia (four), pulmonary oedema (three), and contrast reaction (two). Ten patients were admitted for either urgent coronary artery bypass grafting or social reasons. CONCLUSIONS--Cardiac catheterisation is safe as an outpatient procedure in most cases. Beds are spared and roughly 35,000 pounds is saved for every 500 procedures performed.
Low platelet count reduces subsequent complete remission rate despite marrow with &lt;5% blasts after AML induction therapy
Authors: X Chen, L F Newell, H Xie, R B Walter, J M Pagel, V K Sandhu, P S Becker, P C Hendrie, J L Abkowitz, F R Appelbaum, E H Estey
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Nosocomial Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
Authors: Caroline Breese Hall, R. Gordon Douglas, Joyce M. Geiman, Marjorie K. Messner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

We studied the frequency and severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections acquired nosocomially on an infants' ward during a community outbreak. Every three or four days all infants and staff were examined, and specimens were obtained for viral isolation. During two months, 14 of 44 contact infants acquired the virus. All were ill, and four had pneumonia. Infected infants had a significantly longer mean hospital stay (21.5 days) than uninfected ones (9.2 days, P < 0.001). Risk of nosocomial infection could not be related to age or to underlying disease, but was linked to length of hospitalization: 45 per cent of infants hospitalized for one week or more became infected, and the percentage increased with length of stay. Ten of 24 staff members also acquired the virus and appeared to play a major role as virus carriers. Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection poses a major risk for hospitalized infants and adds to hospital costs. (N Engl J Med 293:1343–1346, 1975)
Results of the Malmö Technique of Colon Examination
Authors: Sölve Welin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A special modification of the double-contrast method of colon examination has been used routinely in Malmö for the past 13 years, and more than 36,000 examinations have been made. The method has been extremely valuable in the early diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, regional colitis, and polyps. Polypoid tumors were found in 3,101 (12.5%) of 24,783 patients. This figure correlated with the incidence of polypoid tumors found at autopsy. Certain characteristics are useful in determining the malignancy of a polyp and criteria for operative intervention. On the basis of x-ray findings, 1,062 patients were operated upon. In 204 cases, polyps were definitely malignant, and 855 showed a more or less marked cellular atypia. The importance of the diagnosis of so-called sentinel polyps and of the routine follow-up examinations after surgery is stressed.
Analgesic nephropathy dips in Canada after mixture ban
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Since the Canadian government prohibited the sale of mixtures containing phenacetin, acetaminophen, and aspirin in combination, the incidence of analgesic nephropathy in that country has dropped by one half. This dramatic reduction, says Douglas R. Wilson, MD, professor of medicine at the University of Toronto, provides evidence that analgesic nephropathy is associated with mixed analgesic ingestion and that its incidence can be reduced by elimination of the mixtures. Wilson, speaking to the meeting of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada in Toronto, cited survey data collected from Canadian nephrologists. The data covered a baseline period of three years from 1968 through 1970, when mixtures were still available, as well as the period 1977 through 1979, by which time the mixtures had long been eliminated. During the baseline period, Wilson said, an average of 53 cases of analgesic nephropathy were reported annually by nephrologists. Then, in 1970, phenacetin
Eosinophilic pustular dermatosis: an early skin marker of infection with human immunodeficiency virus?
Authors: GERDA FRENTZ, ANN-MARIE NIORDSON, KRISTIAN THOMSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Two cases of eosinophilic pustular dermatosis are reported and both were associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I). We suggest that eosinophilic pustular dermatosis may occur as an early sign of infection with HIV.
Increased intimal hyperplasia in experimental vein graft stenting compared to arterial stenting: comparisons in a new rabbit model of stent injury
Authors: Nicholas J Alp, Nick E.J West, Nadine Arnold, Julian Gunn, Adrian P Banning, Keith M Channon
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Background: In-stent restenosis due to intimal hyperplasia is an important clinical problem. Animal models of stent injury are limited by inconsistent arterial responses to stenting, and less intimal hyperplasia than diseased human vessels. To address these issues, we aimed to compare the degree of intimal hyperplasia in stented rabbit jugular–carotid interposition grafts (vein grafts) versus stented carotid arteries. Methods: Jugular–carotid vein grafts were constructed in rabbits, then stented or left unstented. Carotid arteries were treated with similar stents or left instrumented only. After 3 or 28 days, vessels were perfusion fixed, embedded in resin, and sections were cut with a diamond saw. Intimal and medial thicknesses were measured in stained sections. Results: After 3 days, inflammatory changes were observed in the intima of all stented vessels. After 28 days, intimal thickness in stented vein grafts was 2-fold greater than in control vein grafts and approximately 4-fold greater than in stented carotid arteries. In addition, the intimal hyperplasia response was markedly more consistent in stented vein grafts compared with stented carotid arteries. Conclusions: Stent deployment in experimental vein grafts results in increased and more reproducible smooth muscle cell intimal hyperplasia than carotid arterial stenting. This is a promising small-animal model for investigating the intimal response to stenting.
Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome after repeat intermediate‐dose cytarabine chemotherapy in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Bungo Saito, Tsuyoshi Nakamaki, Hidetoshi Nakashima, Takako Usui, Norimichi Hattori, Keiichiro Kawakami, Shigeru Tomoyasu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract A 56‐year‐old man was admitted to our hospital with leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Acute monoblastic leukemia was diagnosed. Two subsequent courses of consolidation chemotherapy consisted of conventional doses of cytarabine and intermediate‐dose cytarabine. Intermediate‐dose cytarabine was infused intravenously every 12 hr for 6 days. On day 15 after the final infusion of cytarabine, the patient suffered headache, and on day 21, he experienced a decrease in sensation on the sole of his left foot. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed widespread areas of white matter edema. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed an increase in the number of cells to 31 mm −3 ; the majority were lymphocytes. No infiltration of leukemia cells was seen. After 2 months, brain MRI findings were normal. The clinicoradiologic features of the case were consistent with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). RPLS in the present case was unlikely to have been caused by direct neurotoxicity because (1) the doses of cytarabine (500 mg/m 2 ; total dose 9.2 g) were much smaller than those in reported cases and were repeatedly infused until RPLS developed; (2) the RPLS developed 21 days after the final infusion of cytarabine, a much longer period than previously reported; (3) the slight leukocytosis in the CSF observed on day 33 might also have been related to the cellular immune responses evoked by the infused cytarabine. These details suggest not only that direct cerebral neurotoxicity of cytarabine but also that some type of allergic response may have been involved in the development of RPLS. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lung Transplant Airway Hypoxia
Authors: Gundeep S. Dhillon, Martin R. Zamora, Justus E. Roos, Deirdre Sheahan, Ramachandra R. Sista, Pieter Van der Starre, David Weill, Mark R. Nicolls
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Chronic rejection, manifested pathologically as airway fibrosis, is the major problem limiting long-term survival in lung transplant recipients. Airway hypoxia and ischemia, resulting from a failure to restore the bronchial artery (BA) circulation at the time of transplantation, may predispose patients to chronic rejection. To address this possibility, clinical information is needed describing the status of lung perfusion and airway oxygenation after transplantation.To determine the relative pulmonary arterial blood flow, airway tissue oxygenation and BA anatomy in the transplanted lung was compared with the contralateral native lung in lung allograft recipients.Routine perfusion scans were evaluated at 3 and 12 months after transplantation in 15 single transplant recipients. Next, airway tissue oximetry was performed in 12 patients during surveillance bronchoscopies in the first year after transplant and in 4 control subjects. Finally, computed tomography (CT)-angiography studies on 11 recipients were reconstructed to evaluate the post-transplant anatomy of the BAs.By 3 months after transplantation, deoxygenated pulmonary arterial blood is shunted away from the native lung to the transplanted lung. In the first year, healthy lung transplant recipients exhibit significant airway hypoxia distal to the graft anastomosis. CT-angiography studies demonstrate that BAs are abbreviated, generally stopping at or before the anastomosis, in transplant airways.Despite pulmonary artery blood being shunted to transplanted lungs after transplantation, grafts are hypoxic compared with both native (diseased) and control airways. Airway hypoxia may be due to the lack of radiologically demonstrable BAs after lung transplantation.
Cholesterol embolism in a renal graft after treatment with streptokinase
Authors: Y Pirson, B Honhon, J P Cosyns, C van Ypersele
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Cholesterol embolism in a renal graft after treatment with streptokinaseThe clinical features of cholesterol embolism in the kidney have been well delineated.'We report a case of acute renal graft failure due to cholesterol emboli.We further suggest that fibrinolytic treatment caused the disease and draw attention to this potential complication of an increasingly popular treatment of myocardial infarction.2 3 Case report A 56 year old man was admitted to hospital with chest pain that had lasted four hours.Nineteen years earlier he had received a cadaver kidney transplant after a 20 year history of chronic glomerulonephritis with hypertension.No rejection occurred.Serum creatinine concentration was stable at 150 [smol/l.
US doctors and psychologists more complicit in torture than previously thought
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The extent to which US doctors and psychologists violated human rights and betrayed the ethical standards of their professions by designing and implementing a worldwide torture programme is greater than previously thought, says a report from Physicians for Human Rights.

The report is based on analysis of a previously classified report from the inspector general of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that was released at the end of August, on Barack Obama’s instructions and which provides more detail on the role of health professionals in the CIA’s torture programme, including abuses conducted against 14 detainees between September 2001 and October 2003.

The new report’s authors argue that the information shows that health …
Organ transplantation: approaching the donor's family
Authors: A. Stein, T. Hope, J D Baum
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Organ transplantation: approaching the donor's family Train doctors to approachfamilies sensitively In 1993In , 2970 patients in need of organs were added to the list of those awaiting transplantation.'These included 1819 patients awaiting kidneys.While these waiting lists lengthen, however, the availability of donors continues to fall.There is therefore an urgent need to increase the number of
The influence of surface topography of a porous perfluoropolyether polymer on corneal epithelial tissue growth and adhesion
Authors: Margaret D.M. Evans, Hassan Chaouk, John S. Wilkie, Beatrice A. Dalton, Sarah Taylor, Ruo Zhong Xie, Timothy C. Hughes, Graham Johnson, Gail A. McFarland, Hans H. Griesser, John G. Steele, Gordon F. Meijs, Deborah F. Sweeney, Keith M. McLean
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
P140 Thoracoscopic bullectomy for dyspnoea in emphysema: defining new boundaries
Authors: D. S. Stavroulias, K. L. Lau, I. O. Oey, A. N. Nakas, S. R. Rathinam, D. A. W. Waller
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Objectives</h3> There exists only limited historical guidance on patient selection for giant bullectomy in emphysema which is now 20-years-old (1). Operative mortality was reported at about 10%, and patients with FEV<sub>1</sub>&lt;50% predicted were excluded. Developments in video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and experience with lung volume reduction surgery have reduced our selection threshold. We have reviewed our results in the last decade and their implications for patient selection. <h3>Methods</h3> Between June 1997 and November 2009, 55 patients (45 males:10 females; median age 61 years (range 39–76 years)) with significant dyspnoea associated with giant emphysematous bullae underwent surgery. Their median preoperative FEV<sub>1</sub> was 31% predicted (range 9–93%). Twenty nine patients had FEV<sub>1</sub>&lt;50%pred and fifteen &lt;25%pred. Eight patients were in type I respiratory failure three patients had alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. All were cigarette smokers and four had significant cannabis use. In all patients there was evidence of hyperinflation and a bulla occupying &gt;30% of the hemithorax. All operations were performed by stapled VATS bullectomy and in the high risk patients six operations were performed under sedation with spontaneous ventilation and two using intraoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). <h3>Results</h3> Median hospital stay was 9 days (range 3–64 days). Prolonged air leak (lasting over 48 h) was observed in 21 patients (38%). Three patients (6%) required postoperative ventilation. 30-day mortality was 3.6% (two patients). One-year survival was 94.5% (52 patients). Symptomatic improvement in dyspnoea was reported in 73% patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> VATS bullectomy should be considered for symptom relief even in patients with severe airflow obstruction and borderline respiratory failure.
Effect of Sympathetic Reinnervation on Cardiac Performance after Heart Transplantation
Authors: Frank M. Bengel, Peter Ueberfuhr, Nina Schiepel, Stephan G. Nekolla, Bruno Reichart, Markus Schwaiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Late after cardiac transplantation, limited reinnervation of the transplanted heart may occur, but little is known about the effect of reinnervation on cardiac function and exercise performance.
Novel Insights Into the Critical Role of Bradykinin and the Kinin B2 Receptor for Vascular Recruitment of Circulating Endothelial Repair–Promoting Mononuclear Cell Subsets
Authors: Nicolle Kränkel, Kira Kuschnerus, Maja Müller, Timo Speer, Pavani Mocharla, Paolo Madeddu, Michael Bader, Thomas F. Lüscher, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Endothelial injury is considered critical for progression of atherosclerosis and its complications in coronary artery disease (CAD). The endothelial-supportive effects of bradykinin have mainly been attributed to activation of the resident endothelium. Here we newly investigate the role of bradykinin and its B2 receptor for the recruitment and functional activation of circulating mononuclear cell subsets with endothelial-repair promoting capacity, such as CD34(+)CXCR4(+)cells, at sites of arterial injury.Bradykinin-B2-receptor (B2R) blockade by icatibant substantially impaired recruitment of circulating CD34(+)CXCR4(+) mononuclear cells (expressing high levels of B2R) to endothelial cells in vitro and to injured arterial wall in vivo, whereas recruitment of CD14(hi) monocytes (expressing low levels of B2R) was unchanged. Moreover, the capacity of genetically B2R-deficient bone marrow cells to promote endothelial repair in vivo was markedly impaired as compared with wild-type bone marrow cells. B2R expression was reduced on CD34(+)CXCR4(+)mononuclear cells and endothelial repair-promoting early outgrowth cells, but not on CD14(hi)monocytes, from CAD patients as compared with healthy subjects. B2R stimulation induced CD18 activation in early outgrowth cells of healthy subjects, but not in early outgrowth cells of CAD patients. Adenoviral B2R overexpression enhanced in vivo vascular recruitment and rescued impaired endothelial repair capacity of early outgrowth cells from CAD patients.We newly report that bradykinin/B2R signaling may promote endothelial repair after arterial injury by selective recruitment and functional activation of B2R-expressing circulating mononuclear cell subsets. In CAD patients, B2R downregulation on endothelial repair-promoting circulating mononuclear cells substantially impairs the bradykinin-dependent endothelial repair, representing a novel mechanism promoting endothelial injury in CAD patients.
Radioactive Iodine Studies in the Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Authors: I. P. C. Murray, E. M. McGirr
Journal: BMJ (1960)

FIBROSARCOMA OF LIVERAnother possible cause of the hypoglycaemia might be the diversion of blood glucose from the pathway of peripheral utilization to the tumour cells with their increased metabolic demands.This mechanism was well described by McFadzean and Yeung Tse Tse (1956) in their report on primary hepatomas.Failure to recognize the exact cause of the low bloodsugar before death, the severity of the patient's illness, and the short period of survival in hospital prevented the completion of investigations which might have Qelped in elucidating some of the metabolic abnormali- ties in this case.I am deeply indebted to Professor B. Malamos for permission to report this case and for his helpful
Echocardiographic observations on the association between mitral valve prolapse and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Authors: P A Chandraratna, A O Tolentino, W Mutucumarana, A L Gomez
Journal: Circulation (1977)

One hundred and ninety consecutive patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) were studied by echocardiography. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) was noted in 16 patients. Three patients had syncope which was associated with supraventricular arrhythmias. Three others had episodes of presyncope which were not related to rhythm disturbances. One of the patients with MVP and ASH had a family history of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. The septal thickness ranged from 1.6 to 3.1 cm, mean = 2 cm. The posterior wall thickness ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 cm, mean = 1.0 cm. The ratio of the thickness of the interventricular septum to that of the posterior wall ranged from 1.5 to 2.5, mean = 1.9. The percentage of thickening of the septum in systole was reduced in 13 patients. The excursion of the interventricular septum was reduced in three patients. In nine patients the left ventricular end-systolic dimension was below the lower limit of normal. Percentage fractional shortening of the left ventricle was increased in eight patients. Since MVP predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias which are poorly toletated in the setting of ventricular hypertrophy and reduced left ventricular compliance, the recognition of this combination of MVP and ASH is of clinical importance.