tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895): His Laboratory and the World
Authors: Robert L. Martensen
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1252: 6-c-(e-phenylethenyl)-naringenin suppresses colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1
Authors: Haitao Li, Feng Zhu, Hanyong Chen, Ka Wing Cheng, Tatyana Zykova, Naomi Oi, Ronald A. Lubet, Ann M. Bode, Mingfu Wang, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Recent clinical trials raised concerns regarding the cardiovascular toxicity of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors therefore COX-1 is now being reconsidered as a target for chemoprevention. Our aim was to examine whether selective COX-1 inhibition could delay or prevent cancer development and clarify the underlying mechanisms. Data clearly showed that COX-1 was required for maintenance of malignant characteristics of colon cancer cells or tumor promoter(s)-induced transformation of pre-neoplastic cells. We also successfully applied a ligand docking computational method to identify a novel selective COX-1 inhibitor, 6-C-(E-phenylethenyl)-naringenin (designated herein as 6CEPN). 6CEPN could bind to COX-1 and specifically inhibit its activity both in vitro and ex vivo. In colorectal cancer cells, it suppressed anchorage-independent growth by inhibiting COX-1 activity. 6CEPN also effectively suppressed tumor growth in a 28-day colon cancer xenograft model without any obvious systemic toxicity. Taken together, COX-1 plays a critical role in human colorectal carcinogenesis, and the specific COX-1 inhibitor merits further investigation as a potential preventive agent against colorectal cancer. Keywords: colon cancer; natural product; cyclooxygenases; signal transduction Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Haitao Li, Feng Zhu, Hanyong Chen, Ka Wing Cheng, Tatyana Zykova, Naomi Oi, Ronald A. Lubet, Ann M. Bode, Mingfu Wang, Zigang Dong. 6-c-(e-phenylethenyl)-naringenin suppresses colorectal cancer growth by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1252. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1252
KILLER/DR5 is a DNA damage–inducible p53–regulated death receptor gene
Authors: Gen Sheng Wu, Timothy F. Burns, E. Robert McDonald, Wen Jiang, Ray Meng, Ian D. Krantz, Gary Kao, Dai-Di Gan, Jun-Ying Zhou, Ruth Muschel, Stanley R. Hamilton, Nancy B. Spinner, Sanford Markowitz, Gary Wu, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Obstetric practice in the Oxford Record Linkage Study Area 1965-72.
Authors: J Fedrick, P Yudkin
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The secular trends in induction in 111 818 births over eight years in the largely rural areas of Oxfordshire and west Berkshire were analysed. Although the induction rate started to rise only in 1969, the forceps and episiotomy rates had been increasing throughout, but both procedures were always twice as prevalent in induced as in non-induced cases. The proportion of women given an anaesthetic was also consistently higher in induced cases, but that of women with long labours fell considerably over the period. The reduction in stillbirth rate was more apparent in induced than in non-induced births.
Abstract 5531: Lumican as a novel differential diagnostic maker for Bowen's disease and actinic keratosis
Authors: Ryoko Takayama, Toshiyuki Ishiwata, Shin-ichi Ansai, Tetsushi Yamamoto, Yoko Matsuda, Seiji Kawana, Zenya Naito
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Lumican is a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family and regulates the assembly and diameter of collagen fibrils in the extracellular matrix in human tissue. Mice homozygous for a null mutation in lumican display corneal opacification and skin laxity. Recent studies have shown that lumican is expressed in various types of malignant tumors including breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer, and osteosarcoma and malignant melanoma, and that it plays an important role in the growth of tumors. However, little has been studied about the expression pattern and role of lumican in non-melanoma skin cancer. In this study, we examined the expression levels of lumican in in situ lesions of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, actinic keraotsis and Bowen's disease, to discover whether lumican can be used as a novel differential diagnostic marker for such skin tumors, particularly for bowenoid actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease in sun-exposed areas of the body. Bowenoid actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease are often difficult to distinguish in both the clinical setting and commonly prepared pathological specimens. Furthermore, invasive SCC arising in actinic keratosis is considered low-risk clinically, while Bowen's disease with invasion is considered high-risk. Thus, it is important to distinguish between actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, and reliable differential markers for these diseases are required.METHOD: Twenty-nine cases of actinic keratosis, including 4 of the bowenoid sub-type, and 37 cases of Bowen's disease, including 6 in sun-exposed areas of the body, were selected from among patients undergoing surgical resection at the Department of Dermatology at the Nippon Medical School from 2006 to 2010. We evaluated lumican expression and mRNA in these cases using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that Lumican was expressed in 34 of 37 patients with Bowen's disease (91.8%), but was not detected in any of the cases of actinic keratosis. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that lumican mRNA was expressed in the cytoplasm of immunohistochemically lumican-positive tumor cells in Bowen's disease. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that lumican plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Bowen's disease and will be a useful marker for the differential diagnosis between Bowen's disease and actinic keratosis, particularly for bowenoid actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease occurring in sun-exposed areas of the body. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5531. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5531
Spontaneous Osteolysis Following Acute Osteomyelitis
Authors: S. L. Weissman, R. Salama
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THIS IS A REPORT of a case in which there was spontaneous osteolysis of a part of the shaft of a long bone. The process responsible for it was most probably acute liematogenous osteomyelitis. After an extensive, but fruitless search into the available literature, we found that such a complication is quite unusual, and hence, it was thought to be of sufficient interest to be reported. Report of a Case A 6-year-old boy was admitted to another hospital on fuly 12, 1959, because of abdominal pains, sore throat, and articular pains in his right hip, right knee, left shoulder, and left wrist of 4 days duration. There was no previous history of sore throat or articular pains. He had a high temperature of 40.5° C. (104.5° F.), with tachycardia, his tonsils were congested, his liver was slightly enlarged and tender, and there was a short systolic apical murmur. He could not
Measuring Serum Cholesterol
Authors: Richard S. Schifreen
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The accuracy of the Du Pont cholesterol-level determination methodology for the aca discrete clinical analyzer was recently challenged by Blank and coworkers<sup>1</sup>in the Nov 28, 1986, issue of<i>JAMA</i>. These authors claim that the Du Pont methodology shows a bias of 19% when compared with the Lipid Research Clinics reference methodology. Their calculation of bias was based on a complex series of correlation studies that involved different sample types analyzed on a number of different instruments at different times. The authors did not conduct a direct comparison of the Du Pont and reference methods. <h3>Study.—</h3> We have conducted a thorough evaluation of the Du Pont cholesterol-level determination method as part of our participation in the national effort to improve the standardization of cholesterol-level determination methodologies. This study involved the analysis in triplicate of 45 fresh serum pools prepared from patient samples having similar cholesterol concentrations
A Clinical Lecture on a Case of Perverted Localisation of Sensation or Allachaesthesia: Delivered in the University of Edinburgh
Authors: T. G. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1894)

I sHow you to-day a case which I believe to be one of func- tional disease of the nervous system.It has been under observation for three months, and exhibits numerous inte- resting features, among which I shall speak in detail of only one, namely, abnormal localisation of tactile and other skin impressions.A general sketch of the case is necessary to our understanding this special feature.HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF CASE.W. F. is a tall, spare man, 49 years of age, who says that he was formerly a belt cutter and afterwards a commercial traveller, that he has often been ill, having had Bright's disease and prolapse of the rectum, headache, palpitation, breathlessness, and a great variety of other nervous symptoms.He was sent to us as a case of Bright's disease; but the albuminuria soon disappeared, and the cedema, which was distinct on admission, passed rapidly away.But as they disappeared various nervous symptoms manifested them- selves, and these have continued with little alteration during the months that we have watched him.His family history is unimportant, except that his father died of brain disease, apparently apoplexy, at the age of 58
An Epidemic of Resistant Salmonella in a Nursery
Authors: Robert W. Lyons
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A Salmonella heidelberg epidemic in a hospital nursery was traced to infected calves on a dairy farm where the mother of the index patient lived. The Salmonella isolates from all cases were resistant to chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Verification of the spread of infection from the farm animals to a hospital population is unusual and raises questions about the hazards of antibiotic animal-feed preparations that may induce infection with resistant organisms in humans.
Perception of Changes in Eating Disorder Patients during Group Treatment
Authors: Johan Vanderlinden, Walter Vandereycken
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

The evolution of 53 eating disorder patients during inpatient group treatment has been studied by comparing the perception of changes by the patients themselves, the group members, and the therapeutic team. Remarkable differences were found between the judgments of these three groups. Patients tend to deny problems or to evaluate their progress rather optimistically, whereas fellow patients and staff members are much alike in their sceptical evaluations. It is concluded that the evaluation procedure may have more value as a therapeutic tool than as an assessment method.
Transmission of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis
Authors: Kurt D. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent discovery of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) in Wisconsin and Minnesota<sup>1,2</sup>is highly significant because it alerts physicians to the presence of a potentially fatal but generally treatable disease. Our recent experiences support the described clinical presentations of the disease, and the following case report provides preliminary evidence that<i>Ixodes scapularis</i>is a vector of HGE. In the fall of 1993, a 57-year-old man who resided in central Wisconsin presented to his personal physician with a temperature of 40°C, severe chills, and myalgias. The patient had recently returned from a visit to northwestern Wisconsin. On physical examination of the patient, the physician found an engorged tick, identified as an adult female<i>I scapularis</i>, slightly embedded in the patient's back. Treatment was initiated with doxycycline, and dramatic improvement in the patient's condition was noted within 48 hours. To date, there has not been a recurrence of
Is this really the current status of small bowel transplantation in the UK?
Authors: G L Gupte
Journal: Gut (2006)

We read with interest the article on “The current status of small bowel transplantation in the UK and internationally” by Middleton et al ( Gut 2005; 54 :1650–7). This is a timely article about the improving worldwide outcome following small bowel transplantation but does not fully reflect the status of small bowel transplantation in the UK. In the UK, the Department of Health through NSCAG (National Specialist Commissioning Advisory Group) recognises and funds three units for small bowel transplantation (2 adult centres—Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge and St James Hospital, Leeds; and a …
Association study of G1704T and G82S polymorphisms of RAGE gene for microalbuminuria in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Keiji Yoshioka, Toshihide Yoshida, Yasuto Takakura, Tsunekazu Umekawa, Akinori Kogure, Hitoshi Toda, Toshikazu Yoshikawa
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
The<i>d</i><sub>J</sub>/<i>d</i><sub>S</sub>Ratio Test Reveals Hundreds of Novel Putative Cancer Drivers
Authors: Han Chen, Ke Xing, Xionglei He
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

Computational tools with a balanced sensitivity and specificity in identification of candidate cancer drivers are highly desired. In this study, we propose a new statistical test, namely the dJ/dS ratio test, to compute the relative mutation rate of exon/intron junction sites (dJ) to synonymous sites (dS); observation of dJ/dS ratio larger than 1 in cancer indicates positive selection for splicing deregulation, a signature of cancer driver genes. Using this method, we analyzed the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and identified hundreds of novel putative cancer drivers. Interestingly, these genes are highly enriched in biological processes related to the development and maintenance of multicellularity, paralleling a previous finding that cancer evolves back to be unicellular by knocking down the multicellularity-associated genetic network.
Probiotic treatment of rat pups normalises corticosterone release and ameliorates colonic dysfunction induced by maternal separation
Authors: M. G Gareau, J. Jury, G. MacQueen, P. M Sherman, M. H Perdue
Journal: Gut (2007)

<h3>Background:</h3> We previously showed that neonatal maternal separation (MS) of rat pups causes immediate and long-term changes in intestinal physiology. <h3>Aim:</h3> To examine if administration of probiotics affects MS-induced gut dysfunction. <h3>Methods:</h3> MS pups were separated from the dam for 3 h/day from days 4 to 19; non-separated (NS) pups served as controls. Twice per day during the separation period, 10<sup>8</sup> probiotic organisms (two strains of <i>Lactobacillus</i> species) were administered to MS and NS pups; vehicle-treated pups received saline. Studies were conducted on day 20, when blood was collected for corticosterone measurement as an indication of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, and colonic function was studied in tissues mounted in Ussing chambers. Ion transport was indicated by baseline and stimulated short-circuit current (Isc); macromolecular permeability was measured by flux of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) across colonic tissues; and bacterial adherence/penetration into the mucosa was quantified by culturing tissues in selective media. Colonic function and host defence were also evaluated at day 60. <h3>Results:</h3> Isc and HRP flux were significantly higher in the colon of MS versus NS pups. There was increased adhesion/penetration of total bacteria in MS pups, but a significant reduction in <i>Lactobacillus</i> species. Probiotic administration ameliorated the MS-induced gut functional abnormalities and bacterial adhesion/penetration at both day 20 and 60, and reduced the elevated corticosterone levels at day 20. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The results indicate that altered enteric flora are responsible for colonic pathophysiology. Probiotics improve gut dysfunction induced by MS, at least in part by normalisation of HPA axis activity.
Spatiotemporal Basis of CTLA-4 Costimulatory Molecule-Mediated Negative Regulation of T Cell Activation
Authors: Tadashi Yokosuka, Wakana Kobayashi, Masako Takamatsu, Kumiko Sakata-Sogawa, Hu Zeng, Akiko Hashimoto-Tane, Hideo Yagita, Makio Tokunaga, Takashi Saito
Journal: Immunity (2010)
Cancer of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Gray H. Twombly
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This book, with ten contributors, is concerned with the detection of cancer of the cervix among women in Manchester and the surrounding area, and treatment by the wellknown Manchester system of radium therapy. Screening of the female population by Papanicolaou smears was begun in 1965, when 5,171 smears were received in the laboratory. By 1971 this had risen to 115,097, and perhaps 25% of the adult female population have been screened once. The effect of screening on the incidence or curability of cervical cancer is thus not available from the data. But of 7,500 women asked to return for a second smear at three months, about 18% had carcinoma in situ or invasive cancer missed in the first screening. These data point to the importance of repeated smears—at least three—to reduce the false-negative rate to a safe figure. The choice of therapy, surgery vs irradiation, was determined by the opinion
Syncope and falls due to timolol eye drops
Authors: Marije E Müller, Nathalie van der Velde, Jaap W M Krulder, Tischa J M van der Cammen
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The prevalence of glaucoma increases with age.1 Timolol, a non-selective β blocker, is the first line treatment. We present three cases from our falls clinic, in which we show that even a low dose of timolol eye drops may cause severe systemic adverse effects.

### Case 1

A 73 year old man was referred by his general practitioner because he had been unconscious for half an hour the previous day. His medical history consisted of a myocardial infarction, glaucoma, and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. During the past few years, he had experienced four spells of dizziness with severe perspiration. These spells had been ascribed to hypoglycaemia, although low blood glucose values had never been detected. His medication consisted of insulin, acenocoumarol, alfuzosin, and timolol eye drops (0.5%, twice daily in both eyes). During his last dizzy spell, his blood glucose concentration had been 8 mmol/l. According to his wife, the patient had not experienced a convulsion, tongue biting, or urinary incontinence.

At referral to our clinic, the patient was alert and feeling well. Blood pressure was 142/90 mm Hg, with a regular pulse rate of 48 beats/min. There was no evidence of orthostatic hypotension. Further physical examination, including neurological examination, showed no abnormalities. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was slightly increased—8.2% (reference range 4-6%); the glucose day curve showed values of 4.6-17.4 (3.5-11) mmol/l, with no hypoglycaemia. Electrocardiography showed sinus bradycardia of 41 beats/min, and 24 hour Holter monitoring showed …
Quinoxalines Versus Indolinones as Inhibitors of Restenosis
Authors: Alexander Levitzki
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Quinoxalines Versus Indolinones as Inhibitors of RestenosisTo the Editor:We would like to point out several issues related to citations of the scientific literature in an article by Yamasaki et al. 1 We would like to emphasize that quinoxalines were the first compounds showing excellent efficacy in inhibiting balloon injury-induced stenosis in pigs and rats.Reference 20 in the article by Yamasaki et al, which describes this study, is not quoted correctly, as it omits most of the authors of this pioneering study.The accurate reference is the second citation in the reference section of this letter. 2The efficacy of a quinoxaline in rats is described in the study by Fishbein et al. 3 Reference 25, which cites quinoxalines as being synthesized by Muranaka et al, 4 is actually wrong.This reference describes indolinones, the very compounds Yamasaki et al 1 describe in their own study.Quinoxalines were first described in the study by Kovalenko, 5 which should have been quoted instead of Reference 25, crediting the quinoxalines as selective and potent plateletderived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) kinase inhibitors.
Assessment and Management of Back Pain
Authors: Ming-Chih Kao, Patricia Zheng, Matthew Smuck
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Consultants do not want more structured career progression
Authors: D. Carnall, L. Beecham, a. J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The conference rejected overwhelmingly a motion calling for more structured career progression within the consultant grade. Proposing the motion, Mr Richard Rawlins, a consultant orthopaedic surgeon in Bedford, argued that consultants should have more opportunities for development and education throughout their careers. He …