tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SCID takes many forms; infection common
Authors: Kathryn Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), the most severe of the 30 to 40 primary immunodeficiency diseases, is really "a number of diseases," says Michael Blaese, MD. Blaese, who is a clinical pediatric immunologist and chief of the Cellular Immunology Section of the Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, points out that there are at least a half dozen to a dozen different forms of SCID. One reason is that SCID can arise sporadically as well as genetically from two different inheritance patterns: X-linked recessive (as with Houston's David) or autosomal recessive (appearing with or without a deficiency in adenosine deaminase). Some forms are more common than others; a deficiency in adenosine deaminase, for example, occurs in only about 15% of SCID cases. "Even within SCID, there are different kinds of problems," Blaese said in an interview with<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS. "Some people make abnormal enzymes, some of them lack the
The Treatment of Diabetes.
Authors: John A. Cutter
Journal: JAMA (1897)

New York, Aug. 9, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Pardon my further contribution to the subject of diabetes, now so wisely occupying attention in theJournal. I have no quarrel with Dr. Munson; he is too good a student and careful observer for me to do anything but welcome his opinions and observations no matter how I may differ from him. He knows things that I do not know and I believe I know some things that he does not know. The disease in question is very fatal and any light that can be thrown from any source should be welcome. <i>Carbonic acid, sulphydric acid and other paralyzing gases do directly act on the liver and help to increase the production of sugar in diabetes</i>. Horses and cattle die suddenly from colic because of the self-same paralysis. Small boys sometimes die in a few hours from the colic produced by the
Validity of Self-reported Weights Following Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Nicholas J. Christian, Wendy C. King, Susan Z. Yanovski, Anita P. Courcoulas, Steven H. Belle
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Anita P. Courcoulas, MD, MPH; Nicholas J. Christian, PhD; Steven H. Belle, PhD, MScHyg; Paul D. Berk, MD; David R. Flum, MD, MPH; Luis Garcia, MD; Mary Horlick, MD; Melissa A. Kalarchian, PhD; Wendy C. King, PhD; James E. Mitchell, MD; Emma J. Patterson, MD; John R. Pender, MD; Alfons Pomp, MD; Walter J. Pories, MD; Richard C. Thirlby, MD; Susan Z. Yanovski, MD; Bruce M. Wolfe, MD; For the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Consortium
Clinical-Laboratory Correlation Analysis Among 137 Patients With Raynaud's Phenomenon.
Authors: Edward E. Velayos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Clinical-Laboratory Correlation Analysis Among 137 Patients With Raynaud's Phenomenon.Edward E. Velayos, M.D., Harry Robinson, SC.D., Mary Betty Stevens, M.D., F.A.C.P., Alfonse T. Masi, M.D., F.A.C.P.Edward E. Velayos, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Harry Robinson, SC.D.Search for more papers by this author, Mary Betty Stevens, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Alfonse T. Masi, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-782_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn order to better define the clinical and laboratory manifestations of Raynaud's phenomenon data abstracted from records of 137 patients diagnosed from 1952 to 1963 in a university hospital were analyzed. The cases were subdivided into three groups: I. Raynaud's phenomenon with no other diagnoses; II. Raynaud's phenomenon with other diseases but not connective tissue disorders; and III. Raynaud's phenomenon with connective tissue disorders. Some demographic data on the case series are shown in the table.Group II had 16% unilateral disease with approximately equal numbers of males and females with similar onset ages. In contrast, the other groups had... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Md.; and Memphis, Tenn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 782-783KeywordsCase seriesClinical laboratoriesConnective tissueConnective tissue diseasesRaynaud syndromeResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Auscultatory Findings in Pericardial Effusion and in Ventricular Aneurysm
Authors: W. PROCTOR HARVEY, JOHN P. MANDANIS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

B ,r I I heart soxiii(l5 may h)e iiiarke(dlv- (limiillished ill the pIresene of a largre pericar(lial effusiom.1-: ( )1the other hand, with a l)ericardial effusion of moderate size, the heart sounds mnabitain normal intensity.Likewise, the x-ray alid eleetrocardiogyrallm Illay llot show tylpical changles'.In11such eases a Igrio(ar(liogLraphy is sometimes u15ed( for
Sn-protoporphyrin suppresses chemically induced experimental hepatic porphyria. Potential clinical implications.
Authors: R A Galbraith, G S Drummond, A Kappas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The ability of Sn(tin)-protoporphyrin to inhibit the induction of hepatic delta-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase by allylisopropyl acetamide (AIA) was examined in the adult rat. Doses of Sn-protoporphyrin of 1, 10, and 50 mumol/kg body wt resulted in decreases in AIA-induced hepatic ALA-synthase activity of 32, 52, and 60%, respectively, compared with rats treated with AIA alone; inhibition of ALA-synthase was not a direct effect of Sn-protoporphyrin. This inhibition of the enzyme activity in liver was reflected in concurrent decreases in urinary excretion of ALA and porphobilinogen (PBG). The increased urinary excretion of ALA and PBG observed following AIA treatment was reduced by the lowest dose of Sn-protoporphyrin (1 mumol/kg body wt) and abolished completely by the higher doses of the metalloporphyrin (10 and 50 mumol/kg body wt). These findings in a rat model of hepatic porphyria suggest that Sn-protoporphyrin may be useful in the treatment of acute exacerbations of "inducible" hepatic porphyrias in man, especially since Sn-protoporphyrin, unlike hematin which is presently used for this purpose, is neither degraded by nor induces the activity of heme oxygenase.
Bradykinin-induced changes in phosphatidyl inositol turnover in cultured rabbit papillary collecting tubule cells.
Authors: J A Shayman, A R Morrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Rabbit renal papillary collecting tubule cells were isolated as a homogeneous population and grown in primary culture. These cells were maintained in fully defined medium to inhibit fibroblast overgrowth and to facilitate labeling of endogenous inositol phospholipids with myo-[2-3H]inositol with high specific activity. These cells demonstrated the morphology, cyclic AMP responsiveness, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) elaboration, consistent with previous published characterizations. When cells labeled with myo-[2-3H]inositol were stimulated by bradykinin at 10(-7) M, time-dependent and reversible changes in the distribution of inositol polyphosphates were observed. Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate and inositol 1,4-diphosphate showed time-dependent and dose-dependent increases to maximal levels of 225 and 223% of control, respectively. These data indicate that the elaboration of inositol polyphosphates is a biochemical correlate to bradykinin stimulation and may play a role in PGE2 release in renal papillary collecting tubule cells.
Role of the microenvironment in promoting angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Craig Litwin, Kevin G. Leong, Richard Zapf, Heather Sutherland, Sheldon C. Naiman, Aly Karsan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Angiogenesis is a crucial event in the survival and progression of solid tumors. To determine whether angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an intrinsic property of leukemic cells, the vascularity of bone marrow biopsies was determined. Bone marrow vascularity in newly diagnosed or post‐chemotherapy AML patients was increased 4‐fold ( P &lt; 0.01) and 8.7‐fold ( P &lt; 0.01), respectively, relative to controls. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression by AML blast cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and bone marrow cell supernatants were assayed for secretion of VEGF, fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2), and endostatin by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Diffuse cytoplasmic and strong extracellular VEGF immunoreactivity was seen in bone marrow aspirates from AML patients, but not controls. In contrast, there was no difference in the levels of VEGF, FGF‐2, and endostatin secreted by mononuclear cells cultured from bone marrows of AML patients compared to normal controls following two days of culture in vitro. Total angiogenic potential of bone marrow cell supernatants was assessed by endothelial sprouting in vitro and by a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. No differences were found between 2‐day conditioned medium from normal and AML bone marrow mononuclear cells in either assay. Our data show a discrepancy between bone marrow vascularity and VEGF expression in vivo and VEGF expression and angiogenesis from 2‐day conditioned medium ex vivo. This suggests that angiogenesis in AML likely represents a response to microenvironmental factors in vivo, rather than being an intrinsic property of leukemic cells. Am. J. Hematol. 70:22–30, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chronic hyperosmolality increases NHE3 activity in OKP cells.
Authors: P Ambühl, M Amemiya, P A Preisig, O W Moe, R J Alpern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

This study investigated the effect of chronic hypertonicity on the OKP cell Na/H antiporter, encoded by Na/H exchanger 3 (NHE3). Chronic (48 h) increases in extracellular glucose, mannitol, or raffinose concentration caused a significant increase in Na/H antiporter activity, while increases in urea concentration were without effect. This effect was seen with changes in osmolality of only 20 mOsm/liter, a magnitude that is observed clinically in poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Increases in mannitol concentration acutely inhibited and chronically stimulated Na/H antiporter activity. The increase in Na/H antiporter activity induced by hypertonic incubation was resistant to 10(-7) and 5 x 10(-6) M but inhibited by 10(-4) M ethylisopropyl amiloride, consistent with regulation of NHE3. In addition, hypertonicity increased total cellular and plasma membrane NHE3 protein abundance twofold, with only a small increase in NHE3 mRNA abundance. We conclude that chronic pathophysiologically relevant increases in tonicity lead to increases in NHE3 protein abundance and activity. This may be responsible for increased proximal tubule apical membrane Na/H antiporter activity in poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, which could then contribute to hypertension, glomerular hyperfiltration and diabetic nephropathy.
On the Right to Know and The Use of Double Standards: Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “The Right to Know Your Genetic Parents: From Open Identity Gamete Donation to Routine Paternity Testing”
Authors: An Ravelingien, Guido Pennings
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

In our article “The right to know your genetic parents: from open-identity gamete donation to routine paternity testing,” (2013) we did not argue for a fundamental right of both donor and naturally...
Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the mechanism of early alcohol-induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Takehiko Uesugi, Matthias Froh, Gavin E. Arteel, Blair U. Bradford, Ronald G. Thurman
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Chronic alcohol administration increases gut–derived endotoxin in the portal blood, which activates Kupffer cells and causes liver injury. Mice (C3H/HeJ) with mutations in toll–like receptor 4 (TLR4) are hyporesponsive to endotoxin. To test the hypothesis that TLR4 is involved in early alcohol–induced liver injury, the long–term intragastric ethanol feeding protocol developed by Tsukamoto and French for rats was adapted to mice. Animals with nonfunctional TLR4 and wild–type mice (C3H/HeOuJ) were compared. Two–month–old female mice were fed a high–fat liquid diet with either ethanol or isocaloric maltose–dextrin as control continuously for 4 weeks. There was no difference in mean urine alcohol concentrations between the groups. Dietary alcohol significantly increased liver–to–body weight ratios and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in wild–type mice (109 ± 18 U/L) over high–fat controls (40 ± 3 U/L), effects that were blunted significantly in mice with a mutation of TLR4 (55 ± 9 U/L). While no significant pathologic changes were observed in high–fat controls, dietary ethanol caused steatosis, mild inflammation, and focal necrosis in wild–type animals (pathology score = 5.2 ± 1.2). These pathologic changes were significantly lower in TLR4–deficient mice fed ethanol (score = 2.0 ± 1.3). Endotoxin levels in the portal vein were increased significantly after 4 weeks in both groups fed ethanol. Moreover, ethanol increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNF–α) mRNA expression in wild–type, but not in TLR4–deficient, mice. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that Kupffer cell activation by endotoxin via TLR4 is involved in early alcohol–induced liver injury.
Methylaminolaevulinate-based photodynamic therapy of Bowen’s disease and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: P.G. Calzavara-Pinton, M. Venturini, R. Sala, R. Capezzera, G. Parrinello, C. Specchia, C. Zane
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylaminolaevulinate (MAL) is an approved noninvasive treatment option for actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease (BD), two precursors of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).To assess efficacy, prognostic features, tolerability and cosmetic outcome of MAL-PDT for the treatment of BD and SCC.In total, 112 biopsy-proven lesions of BD and SCC in 55 subjects were treated in an outpatient setting. MAL cream (160 mg g(-1)) was applied for 3 h prior to illumination with a light-emitting diode source (wavelength range 635 +/- 18 nm; light dose 37 J cm(-2)). A second MAL-PDT session was given 7 days later. Complete response rate at 3 months after the last treatment, recurrence rate at the 24-month follow-up, and cosmetic outcome were recorded.The overall complete response rates were 73.2% at 3 months and 53.6% at 2 years. Clinical thickness, atypia and lesion depth were significant predictors of the response at 3 months when using a univariate analysis (P < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression model, with robust variance estimation, showed that cell atypia was the only statistically significant independent predictor of the treatment outcome at 3 months.MAL-PDT may represent a valuable, effective and well tolerated treatment option with good cosmetic outcome for superficial, well-differentiated (Broders' scores I and II) BD and microinvasive SCC. In contrast, its use for superficial SCCs with a microinvasive histological pattern and for nodular, invasive lesions, particularly if poorly differentiated keratinocytes are present (Broders' scores III and IV), should be avoided.
Diabetes and Obesity in the Offspring of Pima Indian Women With Diabetes During Pregnancy
Authors: David J Pettitt, Robert G Nelson, Mohammed F Saad, Peter H Bennett, William C Knowler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE— To review the long-term effects of the diabetic pregnancy on the offspring among the Pima Indians of Arizona. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— Studies published by the Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research branch of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, since the inception of the longitudinal diabetes studies in 1965 were reviewed. In addition, pertinent studies from other centers, mentioned as references in these publications, were reviewed. As far as possible, all original articles and abstracts on this aspect of the Pima Indian studies were discussed. RESULTS— The offspring of women who had diabetes during pregnancy, on average, were more obese and had higher glucose concentrations and more diabetes than the offspring of women who developed diabetes after pregnancy or who remained nondiabetic. Although no new analyses were attempted, several of the older publications were updated by repeating the analyses on later, expanded data sets. CONCLUSIONS— The diabetic pregnancy, in addition to its effects on the newborn, has effects on the subsequent growth and glucose metabolism of the offspring. These effects are in addition to genetically determined traits.
IS ORTHOSTATIC ALBUMINURIA A UNILATERAL DISORDER?
Authors: CLARENCE QUINAN
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Pavy, in 1885, described an affection of the kidneys in which albumin is present in the urine while the patient is up and about, but disappears after rest in bed. Most of his patients were young and apparently healthy persons. Although he was aware  the urine usually remains free from albumin during recumbency, nevertheless he gave it as his opinion that albumin may be persistently present and yet not necessarily mean  a grave condition exists. Since then, his description of the now familiar orthostatic albuminuria has been confirmed in every particular.  There is but one pathologic report in the literature of the subject. Heubner found a single minute lesion, measuring 1 by 5 mm., in the right kidney of a girl, aged 10 years, who had a cyclic albuminuria, and who died of a cystic glioma of the brain. Otherwise both kidneys were normal.  In this paper I
Anti-therapeutic community mental health law
Authors: N. Eastman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The government's Mental Health (Patients in the Community) Bill is apparently designed to prevent mentally disordered patients in the community from harming themselves and others. It is one of the measures announced in the government's 10 point plan,1 which preceded the Ritchie report on the care and treatment of Christopher Clunis.2 (Is this a case of designing new bolts on the stable door before the carpenter has advised?) Like supervision registers,3 the bill purports to offer greater control of patients in the community. Again like registers, it will largely fail to do so because it is both clinically unworkable and medicolegally flawed.

The bill allows a power of aftercare under supervision in respect of a patient who (at the time that the order is made) is an inpatient detained for treatment (or is already in the community but still formally detained) and who would represent “a substantial risk of serious harm” to his or her own safety or health, or to the safety of others, or would be at risk of being “seriously exploited,” if he or she did not receive aftercare services on leaving hospital. But the medical recommendations must also state: “his being subject to aftercare under supervision …
Cecilia Valentine Russell (née Urquhart)
Authors: Hilary Lancaster
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Former clinician in mother and child welfare clinics Newcastle upon Tyne (b 1920; q Aberdeen 1942; MD, DCM), d 30 October 2005.

Cecilia Valentine Russell—known as Wendy to her friends—was born in Jamaica. During the war years she worked as a house surgeon at Great Ormond Street Hospital. She married fellow student James Knox Russell in 1944 and then settled in Newcastle upon Tyne, where she worked for several years in mother and child welfare clinics. She retired from clinical practice in the early 1970s. She leaves a husband, three daughters, and four granddaughters.
Approval of Virtual Reality Training for Carotid Stenting
Authors: Anthony G. Gallagher, Christopher U. Cates
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Virus-specific T cells engineered to coexpress tumor-specific receptors: persistence and antitumor activity in individuals with neuroblastoma
Authors: Martin A Pule, Barbara Savoldo, G Doug Myers, Claudia Rossig, Heidi V Russell, Gianpietro Dotti, M Helen Huls, Enli Liu, Adrian P Gee, Zhuyong Mei, Eric Yvon, Heidi L Weiss, Hao Liu, Cliona M Rooney, Helen E Heslop, Malcolm K Brenner
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
PRESS RELEASE OF THE WEEK
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

“NHS breast screening programme: minister announces action to further improve quality”

Is the purpose of government press releases to tell the people what the government is doing, or is it to put as favourable a spin as possible on government activity? They are, of course, mostly propaganda, which is why all but the most desperate journalists ignore them. A constant stream of announcements of successes, increased funding, and exciting speeches of ministers emerges from the departments' press offices, and most go straight into the bins of news editors. Probably because they are so busy producing this confetti, the press officers are notoriously poor at answering questions and giving real information.

Sometimes the press office may try to head off adverse criticism, and a press release dated 16 January is probably an example. It is headed: “NHS breast screening programme: minister announces action to further improve quality,” and it …
Would you advise anyone to become a doctor?
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

“This is my granddaughter—she’s a doctor,” my grandfather told his mates in the pub. I didn’t have the heart to correct him and tell them that I was no longer a real doctor working on the frontline and making crucial decisions. He still refuses to admit that as a journalist I’ve slipped from near godliness to somewhere beneath estate agents (with whom he has newfound sympathy), lawyers, and now bankers on the social scale. Needless to say, he’s not a doctor, and to him medicine is still the ultimate …