tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heredity vs Smoking in Chronic Lung Disease
Authors: RICHARD ALAN MARTIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 October 1970Heredity vs Smoking in Chronic Lung DiseaseRICHARD ALAN MARTIN, M.D.RICHARD ALAN MARTIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-4-658 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the May 1970 issue (Ann Intern Med 72:627-632, 1970) Larson and associates conclude that "heredity and smoking probably contribute about equally to the likelihood of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." This conclusion is a misleading summary of their data:Although it is true, as the authors state, that "non-smoking relatives and smoking controls had essentially the same prevalence of abnormality" (7/49 and 7/50, respectively), these two subgroups are not comparable with regard to sex; women comprised 76% of non-smoking relatives but only 36% of smoking controls.There was a remarkable prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Shands Teaching Hospital Gainesville, Fla. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPotential toxicity of excessive polysaturates 1 October 1970Volume 73, Issue 4Page: 658-659KeywordsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseHeredityLungs Issue Published: 1 October 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Four‐year stability of <i>Der p</i> I in house dust under simulated domestic conditions <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: H.S.M. Kort, F.M. Kniest
Journal: Allergy (1994)

For almost 4 years, the stability of Der p I was assessed by RAST inhibition in house‐dust samples incubated under simulated domestic conditions (5 or 25°C and 75% relative humidity). Der p I concentrations were determined before heating dust samples at 60°C to kill the mites, and at 0, 6, 14, 21, and 47 months after heating. Heating at 60°C for 24 h caused no significant change in Der p I concentration. After a 47‐month incubation under simulated domestic conditions, reduction of Der p I was still not obvious. It is concluded that even after extermination of mites, home textiles remain allergen reservoirs for an extended period of time. Avoidance schemes should take this into account.
UN committee approves declaration on human cloning
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A United Nations committee approved an international declaration on human cloning last week. A contentious vote ended three years of failure to reach a more binding agreement.

The UN Declaration on Human Cloning calls for countries “to prohibit all forms of human cloning inasmuch as they are incompatible with human dignity and the protection of human life.” The sixth committee of the UN, which …
The effect of inhalation of platelet-activating factor on the pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA aerosol.
Authors: G R Mason, A M Peters, M J Myers, P W Ind, J M Hughes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a short-acting, lipid-soluble autocoid, inhalation of which causes an immediate pulmonary vascular sequestration of granulocytes and a peripheral neutropenia. We investigated the effect of PAF inhalation on the pulmonary clearance rate of inhaled 99mTc-DTPA in order to test the hypothesis that the pulmonary sequestration of granulocytes results in acute lung injury. In nine normal nonsmoking adults, the rate of clearance of DTPA, corrected for background activity, was 1.5 (SD 0.7) %/min over the first 10 min after inhalation. Inhalation of 4.8 micrograms PAF abruptly increased the clearance rate to a mean value of 2.3 (1.4) %/min (p < 0.05). No increase in clearance was observed in four nonsmoking subjects who inhaled vehicle only. The mean overall increase after PAF was 87% of the baseline clearance, significantly different (p < 0.05) from the corresponding change in the control group, which was -17%. After PAF, the clearance rate returned to baseline values within 10 min in all subjects. In all subjects who inhaled PAF, but in none who inhaled vehicle, there was an immediate neutropenia of 51 (SD 25) % of the baseline value (p < 0.01). This neutropenia persisted longer than the corresponding accelerated DTPA clearance and was still 74 (36) % of the baseline value at 10 min. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the increase in DTPA clearance induced by PAF inhalation and the decrease in peripheral blood granulocyte count. We conclude that PAF inhalation results in an increase in pulmonary DTPA clearance, probably not mediated by pulmonary vascular granulocyte sequestration.
The Significance of Second Degree Atrioventricular Block and Bundle Branch Block
Authors: RAMESH C. DHINGRA, PABLO DENES, DELON WU, RUBEN CHUQUIMIA, KENNETH M. ROSEN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

His bundle (H) electrograms were recorded in 15 patients with second degree atrioventricular (A-V) block and bundle branch block and these patients were prospectively followed. Site of block was proximal to H in four (BPH), distal to H in nine (BDH), and undetermined in two (studied during 1:1 conduction). Surface electrocardiographic features were retrospectively examined to determine the value of these recordings in predicting the site of block. Patients with type I block, with or without type II or 2:1 block, had BPH. Patients with type II block, 2:1 block, or type II combined with 2:1 block had BDH. Heart failure was more common in those with BPH (three of four patients as compared to three of nine patients with BDH). Syncope developed more commonly in patients with BDH (six of nine patients) as compared to those with BPH (one of four patients). Permanent pacing was indicated in three of four patients with BPH, nine of nine patients with BDH, and one of two patients with block at undetermined site because of syncope or heart failure. Five of nine patients with BDH required pacemakers within ten days of initial admission. Most patients with second degree A-V block and bundle branch block will need permanent pacing. In patients with 2° BDH, pacemakers are indicated whether or not symptoms are present because of high risk of syncope and potential risk of sudden death. In asymptomatic patients with 2° BPH, careful observation is indicated.
An antecedent of later developing communicative functions: the fetal index finger
Authors: P. B. Marschik, H. F. R. Prechtl, D. Prayer, C. Peyton, C. Einspieler
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Introducing dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) broke new ground in visualising human fetal behaviour.1 We use this method for detailed analyses of complex and coordinated fetal motor patterns, to study spontaneous motor activity, and for functional assessments of the young nervous system.2 While analysing a fetus at 27 weeks of gestation during an uneventful pregnancy, we observed that the fetus repeatedly extended her index finger and “pointed” at …
The Haemolytic Anaemias: Congenital and Acquired
Authors: Scott N. Swisher
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This is the third volume of the revised and extended second edition of Professor Dacie's monumental source book on the subject of hemolytic states. This volume, which meets the high standard of scholarship and utility of its two predecessors in this edition, deals with secondary and symptomatic hemolytic anemias in three major sections. The first section considers hemolytic states associated with malignant diseases of the reticuloendothelial system and with myelosclerosis. The second section takes up hemolysis associated with a number of systemic disorders such as lupus erythematosus and with diseases of the liver, kidneys, and the vascular system. In the final section, hemolysis associated with a wide range of processes (such as infections, sarcoidosis, pregnancy, deficiency diseases, aplasia, and a number of physical injuries) is considered briefly. Hypersplenism is also considered in this last section; Professor Dacie wisely avoids the semantic trap which has so confused this topic. In all
Monocytes Harboring Cytomegalovirus: Interactions With Endothelial Cells, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein
Authors: Esther Guetta, Victor Guetta, Tomoko Shibutani, Stephen E. Epstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and its periodic reactivation from latency may contribute to atherogenesis and restenosis. It is unknown how CMV is delivered to the vessel wall and is reactivated. We examined the following hypothesis: CMV, present in monocytes recruited to sites of vascular injury, is activated by endothelial cell (EC) or smooth muscle cell (SMC) contact and by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs). The CMV major immediate-early promoter (MIEP) controls immediate-early (IE) gene expression, and thereby viral replication. To determine whether elements of the vessel wall can activate CMV present in monocytes, we transiently transfected the promonocytic cell line HL-60 with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene construct driven by MIEP. MIEP activity increased 1.7±0.5-fold ( P =.02) when the transfected HL-60 cells were cocultured with ECs, 4.5±1.5-fold when cocultured with SMCs ( P =.03), and 2.0±0.5-fold ( P =.01) when exposed to oxLDL. The combination of oxLDL and EC coculture increased MIEP activity over 7-fold. We also found that freshly isolated human monocytes, infected with endothelium-passaged CMV, were capable of transmitting infectious virus to cocultured ECs or SMCs. CMV-related progression of atherosclerosis or restenosis may, at least in part, involve monocyte delivery of the virus to the site of vascular injury, where the vascular milieu, ie, contact with ECs, SMCs, and oxLDL, can contribute to viral reactivation and/or replication by enhancing CMV IE gene expression. The virus may then infect neighboring ECs or SMCs, initiating a cascade of events predisposing to the development of atherogenesis-related processes.
Intra- and Peri-Operative Outcomes Comparing Radical Retropubic and Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Results from a Prospective, Randomised, Single-Surgeon Study
Authors: Giorgio Guazzoni, Andrea Cestari, Richard Naspro, Matteo Riva, Antonia Centemero, Matteo Zanoni, Lorenzo Rigatti, Patrizio Rigatti
Journal: European Urology (2006)
TCTAP A-017 Favorable Impact of Early Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for the Oldest Old Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tairo Kurita, Kozo Hoshino, Naoto Kumagai, Hideo Mizutani, Tetsuya Seko, Yasuhiro Saito, Tetsuya Kitamura, Hitoshi Kakimoto, Sukenari Koyabu, Masaaki Ito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A case of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the <i>COL7A1</i> gene
Authors: S. Suzuki, Y. Shimomura, Y. Yamamoto, N. Kariya, M. Shibuya, M. Ito, H. Fujiwara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article A case of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the COL7A1 gene Get access S. Suzuki, S. Suzuki Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Shimomura, Y. Shimomura Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Kariya, N. Kariya Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Shibuya, M. Shibuya Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Ito, M. Ito Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Fujiwara H. Fujiwara Department of Dermatology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi‐dori, Niigata 951‐8510, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan E‐mail: shinshin@med.niigata‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 4, 1 October 2006, Pages 838–840, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07397.x Published: 01 October 2006 Article history Accepted: 28 February 2006 Published: 01 October 2006
Enzyme immunoassay of pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA) as a marker of pancreatic cancer.
Authors: K Nishida, M Sugiura, T Yoshikawa, M Kondo
Journal: Gut (1985)

For the quantitative measurement of pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA), an enzyme immunoassay for POA has been developed, and is based on the sandwich method using antibody-coupled glass beads and enzyme (peroxidase)-labelled antibody. Serum POA concentrations were increased significantly in patients with pancreatic cancer, but not in those with chronic pancreatitis or other miscellaneous diseases, or in normal subjects. It is concluded that the enzyme immunoassay could be used for the assay of POA and our results show that the determination of serum POA would be useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Experimental Topical Photodynamic Therapy of Tongue and Colon Carcinoma
Authors: Jana Mattova, Pavla Pouckova, Marie Zadinova, Jiri Benes, Milos Nekvasil, Petr Jezek, Jan Rakusan, Marie Karaskova, Jarmila Kralova, Vladimir Kral, David Vetvicka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Size and motion of the mitral valve annulus in man. I. A two-dimensional echocardiographic method and findings in normal subjects.
Authors: J A Ormiston, P M Shah, C Tei, M Wong
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Using wide-angle, phased-array, two-dimensional echocardiography, mitral leaflets and their annular attachments were recorded from a view close to the standard apical four-chamber view. The transducer was rotated and recordings were made at 30 degrees rotational intervals around the circumference of the mitral valve annulus. To reconstruct the annulus, the diameters (chords) from each rotational interval were arranged around a reference point. This was done for 12 times during the cardiac cycle. Annular areas were planimetered and circumferences measured. Correlation was good for areas reconstructed and measured by the same observer on separate occasions (r = 0.963) and by two different observers (r = 0.987). In 11 normal subjects the annular area index (area divided by body surface area) increased during diastole to a maximum of 3.8 +/- 0.7 cm2/m2 (mean +/- SD) in late diastole. There was presystolic followed by systolic narrowing to a minimum in midsystole. The mean reduction in area was 26 +/- 3%. The maximal annular circumference was 9.3 +/- 0.9 cm and the mean reduction in circumference was 13 +/- 3%. The overall motion pattern was similar to that reported in experimental studies in the dog. Mitral annular reconstruction may provide new information about normal and abnormal function of the mitral valve apparatus.
A FEW OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF PROTARGOL IN PYOGENIC AFFECTIONS OF THE EYE.
Authors: F. C. HOTZ
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Neisser, who was the first to test the germicidal activity of this new silver salt, found that a solution of 1:2000 prevented the growth of bacteria, while silver nitrate stopped their growth in a solution of 1:5000; but while the latter showed the greater germicidal power in the test-tube, protargol showed a greater penetrating power in the tissues, since it was not precipitated by blood-serum and other fluids containing albuminous compounds. Numerous clinical observations have fully confirmed the germicidal activity of protargol. I will refer only to the reports of Darier, one of the first and warmest advocates of this new remedy, who submitted a very interesting summary of his results to the last International Ophthalmological Congress in Utrecht. Clinical experience, however, has not only proved protargol to be as efficient as argentic nitrate in the treatment of pyogenic affections, but has discovered in it valuable properties not possessed by
Ethnic considerations in the treatment of Hispanic and Latin-American patients with hyperpigmentation
Authors: D. Hexsel, I. Arellano, M. Rendon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Latin-Americans have a heterogeneous ancestry that is defined by their place of domicile, while Hispanics are defined as those persons of Spanish descent. These two groups have a diverse range of skin phototypes and pigmentation and are prone to an increased incidence of melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the frequency, course, effects, tolerability and treatment response of skin diseases in Hispanic and Latin-American populations. From the limited data that are available it is considered that the treatment of melasma in these two groups does not differ from the general population. First-line therapy of melasma should consist of effective topical therapies, mainly a fixed triple combination of hydroquinone, retinoic acid and fluocinolone acetonide. Where patients have either sensitivity or triple combination therapy is unavailable, other compounds with dual ingredients may be considered as an alternative. Options for second-line therapy include peels either alone or in combination with topical therapy. Lasers should rarely be used in the treatment of melasma and then only as third-line therapy in cases of melasma which is resistant to all other therapies. If applied, skin type must be taken into account. Irritation and sensitivity can be a concern in darker-skinned Hispanic patients and for this reason, the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) following treatment should be considered.
Scleroderma presenting with multiple keloids.
Authors: T A Akintewe, G O Alabi
Journal: BMJ (1985)

<b>236</b> <h3><b>Objectives</b></h3> Triazacyclononane-phosphinate chelators (TRAP) allow for <sup>68</sup>Ga-labeling with high specific activity. To transfer the excellent labeling characteristics of TRAP to monomeric ligands, we developed the monoconjugable chelator NOPO. We report on the <sup>68</sup>Ga labeling properties and the preclinical characterization of the first two NOPO conjugates with peptidic receptor ligands. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> Fully characterized NOPO was labeled with <sup>68</sup>Ga using non-purified eluate of an SnO<sub>2</sub>-based <sup>68</sup>Ge/<sup>68</sup>Ga generator. Selectivity for <sup>68</sup>Ga was investigated in the presence of various metal chlorides. Conjugates with c(RGDfK) (NOPO-RGD) and NaI-octreotide (NOPO-NOC) were prepared using standard peptide coupling methods. Automated production of <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-RGD and <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-NOC was performed on SCINTOMICS Gallelut<sup>+</sup> system. Biodistribution studies and preclinical PET imaging with <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-RGD and <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-NOC were done using nude mice with M21/M21L and AR42J xenografts, respectively. <h3><b>Results</b></h3> <sup>68</sup>Ga labeling of NOPO conjugates proceeds rapidly and efficiently at r.t. NOPO possesses high selectivity for <sup>68</sup>Ga in the presence of high concentrations of Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Ti<sup>4+</sup>, and Sn<sup>4+</sup>. No incorporation of <sup>68</sup>Ge was observed. <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-RGD was prepared with specific activities &gt; 5000 GBq/µmol. No loss of <sup>68</sup>Ga was observed upon competition with 0.25 M EDTA, in PBS at 37 °C, and in vivo. M21 tumor uptake of <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-RGD was comparable to that of <sup>68</sup>Ga-NODAGA-RGD and <sup>18</sup>F-Galacto-RGD. Furthermore, due to the high polarity of NOPO, the conjugate exhibited very high hydrophilicity (logP = -4.6), resulting in fast renal excretion. Similarly, <sup>68</sup>Ga-NOPO-NOC was stable in vivo, showed high tumor uptake with low background, and excretion via kidneys. <h3><b>Conclusions</b></h3> NOPO keeps the unique labeling properties of symmetrical TRAP chelators while allowing for straightforward monoconjugation. Its <sup>68</sup>Ga-labeled conjugates are fully stable and possess favorable in vivo properties. Therefore, NOPO perfectly enhances the portfolio of chelators for synthesis of <sup>68</sup>Ga radiopharmaceuticals
FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS FROM ACETATE BY HUMAN LIVER HOMOGENATE FRACTIONS*
Authors: W. Bortz, S. Abraham, I. L. Chaikoff, W. E. Dozier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Evidence obtained during the last few years has shown that fatty acid synthesis in a variety of mammalian tissues (1-4) as well as in yeast (5, 6) and bacteria (7, 8) is not simply the re- verse of fatty acid oxidation.This is borne out by the finding that oxidative processes seem to be confined to the mitochondrial portion of the cell, whereas fatty acid synthesis apparently occurs in extramitochondrial compartments.'The dependence of the synthetic mechanism upon formation and participation of malonyl-CoA and TPNH provides further evidence for separate synthetic and oxidative pathways (3, 6, 10).Recent reports from this laboratory have dealt with fatty acid synthesis from acetate in fractions prepared from homogenates of rat liver (11, 12).It was shown that the stimulation of fatty acid synthesis by addition of citrate far exceeded that obtained by addition of glucose-6-phosphate, even though the TPNH generated from these two com- pounds was of the same order (13).This find- ing, which indicates that citrate oxidation stimulates lipogenesis by a mechanism other than, and in addition to, that involving TPNH generation, offers no support for the view that TPNH generation (14) via the hexose monophosphate oxi- dative pathway limits lipogenesis from acetate in rat liver.Another outcome of these earlier stud- ies was the demonstration that microsomes, al- though themselves unable to convert acetate to fatty acids, possess the capacity to stimulate lipo-
A novel pathogenesis of megacolon in Ncx/Hox11L.1 deficient mice.
Authors: M Hatano, T Aoki, M Dezawa, S Yusa, Y Iitsuka, H Koseki, M Taniguchi, T Tokuhisa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The Ncx/Hox11L.1 gene, a member of the Hox11 homeobox gene family, is mainly expressed in neural crest-derived tissues. To elucidate the role of Ncx/Hox11L.1, the gene has been inactivated in embryonic stem cells by homologous recombination. The homozygous mutant mice were viable. These mice developed megacolon with enteric ganglia by age 3-5 wk. Histochemical analysis of the ganglia revealed that the enteric neurons hyperinnervated in the narrow segment of megacolon. Some of these neuronal cells degenerated and neuronal cell death occurred in later stages. We propose that Ncx/Hox11L.1 is required for maintenance of proper functions of the enteric nervous system. These mutant mice can be used to elucidate a novel pathogenesis for human neuronal intestinal dysplasia.