tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Mechanisms of Differential Sensitivity to an Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Inhibitor (BMS-536924) and Rationale for Combining with EGFR/HER2 Inhibitors
Authors: Fei Huang, Ann Greer, Warren Hurlburt, Xia Han, Rameh Hafezi, Gayle M. Wittenberg, Karen Reeves, Jiwen Chen, Douglas Robinson, Aixin Li, Francis Y. Lee, Marco M. Gottardis, Edwin Clark, Lee Helman, Ricardo M. Attar, Ashok Dongre, Joan M. Carboni
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Overexpression and enhanced activity of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) in diverse tumor types make it an attractive target for cancer therapy. BMS-536924 is a potent small molecule inhibitor of IGF-IR, which shows antitumor activity in multiple tumor models, including sarcoma. To facilitate the development of IGF-IR inhibitors as cancer therapy, identification of biomarkers for selecting patients most likely to derive clinical benefit is needed. To do so, 28 sarcoma and neuroblastoma cell lines were screened for in vitro response to BMS-536924 to identify sensitive and resistant cell lines. Notably, Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and neuroblastoma are more responsive to BMS-536924, suggesting these specific subtypes may represent potential targeted patient subpopulations for the IGF-IR inhibitor. Gene expression and protein profiling were performed on these cell lines, and candidate biomarkers correlating with intrinsic and/or acquired resistance to BMS-536924 were identified. IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-IR were highly expressed in sensitive cell lines, whereas IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-6 were highly expressed in resistant lines. Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands in resistant cell lines may represent one possible resistance mechanism by the adaptation of IGF-IR–independent growth using alternative signaling pathways. Based on cross-talk between IGF-IR and EGFR pathways, combination studies to target both pathways were performed, and enhanced inhibitory activities were observed. These results provide a strategy for testing combinations of IGF-IR inhibitors with other targeted therapies in clinical studies to achieve improved patient outcomes. Further exploration of mechanisms for intrinsic and acquired drug resistance by these preclinical studies may lead to more rationally designed drugs that target multiple pathways for enhanced antitumor efficacy. [Cancer Res 2009;69(1):161–70]
Silent ischemia during daily life is an independent predictor of mortality in stable angina.
Authors: P C Deedwania, E V Carbajal
Journal: Circulation (1990)

We prospectively examined the prognostic significance of silent myocardial ischemia detected by ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring during daily life in 107 patients with long-term stable angina who were symptomatically controlled on conventional antianginal agents. Forty-six patients (group 1) demonstrated one or more episodes (87% silent) of myocardial ischemia; the remaining 61 patients (group 2) had no ischemic ST segment changes. During the mean follow-up period of 23 +/- 8 months, 11 cardiac deaths (five sudden and six nonsudden) occurred in group 1, and five cardiac deaths (all nonsudden) occurred in group 2. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis between the groups confirmed that patients with silent ischemia (group 1) had worse prognoses during the follow-up period (p = 0.023). Although the higher incidence of hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes in our patients might reflect a more sickly population of stable angina patients, the multivariate Cox's hazard function analysis of these and other variables including Q waves on ECG, exercise parameters, and ambulatory ECG findings revealed presence of silent ischemia during daily life as the most powerful and independent predictor of cardiac mortality (p = 0.01). These data indicate that, in such patients with stable angina, silent myocardial ischemia occurs frequently during treatment with conventional antianginal drugs and identifies a subset of patients who are at high risk of cardiac death.
F-18 FDG PET/CT Findings Showing Lymph Node Uptake in Patients With Kikuchi Disease
Authors: Kimiteru Ito, Miyako Morooka, Kazuo Kubota
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Two women with Kikuchi disease (KD) underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). These findings mimicked malignant lymphoma. KD had been diagnosed based on the pathologic findings of a biopsy. The lymph nodes with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) were located in the neck and the axilla. All the lymph nodes had a diameter of less than 2.5 cm. F-18 FDG PET/CT was capable of visualizing general regions containing lymph nodes. KD should be considered when making a differential diagnosis of FDG-avid lymph node lesions in the neck or axilla.
Cirrhotic Ascites and Hyperemia in the Splanchnic Vasculature
Authors: JAMES E. BREDFELDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1987Cirrhotic Ascites and Hyperemia in the Splanchnic VasculatureJAMES E. BREDFELDT, M.D.JAMES E. BREDFELDT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-328_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their review of cirrhotic ascites, Rocco and Ware (1) suggest that systemic arteriovenous fistulae play a role in the various hemodynamic and humoral abnormalities seen in ascitic patients. They also describe a relationship between arteriovenous fistulae and the hyperdynamic systemic circulation (increased cardiac output and decreased peripheral vascular resistance) in patients with portal hypertension.A hyperdynamic systemic circulation is a well-described phenomenon in patients with portal hypertension, both with and without ascites. Our present concept of the hemodynamic alterations in portal hypertension suggests that hyperemia in the splanchnic vasculature may be responsible for the hyperdynamic systemic...References1. ROCCOWARE VA. Cirrhotic ascites: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:573-85. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VOROBIOFFBREDFELDTGROSZMANN JJR. Hyperdynamic circulation in portal-hypertensive rat model: a primary factor for maintenance of chronic portal hypertension. Am J Physiol. 1983;244:G52-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. BENOITBARROWMANHARPERKVIETYSGRANGER JJSPD. Role of humoral factors in the intestinal hyperemia associated with chronic portal hypertension. Am J Physiol. 1984;247:G486-93. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. KIELPITTSBENOITGRANGERSHEPHERD JVJDA. Reduced vascular sensitivity to norepinephrine in portal-hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol. 1985;248:G192-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. RING-LARSEN R. Hepatic nephropathy related to hemodynamics. Liver. 1983;3:265-89. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Lovelace Medical Center Albuquerque, NM 87108 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1987Volume 106, Issue 2Page: 328-329KeywordsAscitesCardiac outputHemodynamicsPeripheral vascular resistancePortal hypertension Issue Published: 1 February 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
A DAY CARE CENTER IN A STATE HOSPITAL
Authors: LEON A. STEIMAN, ROBERT C. HUNT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1961)

1. A day hospital was opened at the Hudson River State Hospital on July 2, 1956. 2. The day center treats seriously ill psychotic and psychoneurotic patients, including those with dangerous tendencies. 3. Since the opening, 508 patients have been admitted and the number under treatment is increasing steadily. 4. Physicians have referred 36.4% of the patients, and 34.6% were self-referrals. 5. There are few clinical contraindications to day hospital treatment. 6. Patients and their families readily accept psychiatric treatment when offered on a day basis. 7. Day care is a safe and effective method of treating many seriously ill, and is particularly valuable in that it maintains contact with home, family and community, and avoids hospital dependency.
GW25-e1621 Cholesterol efflux regulating gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes and associated factors for subjects with low plasma HDL Cholesterol Levels
Authors: Tong Qiguang, Lu You, Liu Yanxia, Mao Wen, Zhang Miaomiao, Fan Yudong, Wu Di, Liu Peng, Hu Dayi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
New loci associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Han Chinese
Authors: Zhibin Hu, Yao Liu, Xiangjun Zhai, Juncheng Dai, Guangfu Jin, Li Wang, Liguo Zhu, Yuan Yang, Jibin Liu, Minjie Chu, Juan Wen, Kaipeng Xie, Guoming Du, Qungang Wang, Yuchun Zhou, Minquan Cao, Li Liu, Yisha He, Ying Wang, Gangqiao Zhou, Weihua Jia, Jiachun Lu, Shengping Li, Jianjun Liu, Haitao Yang, Yongyong Shi, Weiping Zhou, Hongbing Shen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Promoter Decommissioning by the NuRD Chromatin Remodeling Complex Triggers Synaptic Connectivity in the Mammalian Brain
Authors: Tomoko Yamada, Yue Yang, Martin Hemberg, Toshimi Yoshida, Ha Young Cho, J. Patrick Murphy, Diasynou Fioravante, Wade G. Regehr, Steven P. Gygi, Katia Georgopoulos, Azad Bonni
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Veronal: A New Hypnotic
Authors: A. C. Jordan
Journal: BMJ (1904)

j qp harmony with the principle of abstinence from sugar and from all other articles qf6food which are convertible into glu- cose after ingestion, and of such tt formulated dietary I have been accustomed to give printed copy to a patient in a suitable case.My dietary rules in diabetes, as now modified, by Moss6's permission of potatoes, and by the developments I have devised of potato-made bread, biscuits, and cakes, prepared in ways-I have here described, would read: MOw Eat.-Butcher's meat of all kinds, excepting liver.Pork, ham, bacon, poultty, game, potatoes steamed in their "I skins."Fish, .oysters,crabs, lobsters.Animal soups, not thickened, excepting by "pqtatoes.Mutton broth, beef-tea.Bran and potato bread or biscuits, p9t«to cakes, eggs, cream, butter, cheese, greens, watercress, mustard and cress, lettuce, mushrooms, nuts; jelly or custard, unsweetened.May not Eat.-Anybread or biscuits but those made of bran and potato.Sugar, asparagus, broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, parsnips, Frenth beans, peas, turnips, arrewroot, macaroni, rice, sago, tapioca, vermicelli, pastry, excepting potato cakes; puddings; fruit, fresh and preserved.
Electrophysiology of human cardiac cells
Authors: E. Coraboeuf, J. Nargeot
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Electrophysiology of human cardiac cells Get access Edouard Coraboeuf, Edouard Coraboeuf Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, URA CNRS 1121, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France: E Coraboeuf; Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire du CNRS, Route de Mende, Montpellier, France: J Nargeot. Correspondence to Professor Coraboeuf. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joël Nargeot Joël Nargeot Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, URA CNRS 1121, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France: E Coraboeuf; Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire du CNRS, Route de Mende, Montpellier, France: J Nargeot. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 1993, Pages 1713–1725, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.10.1713 Published: 01 October 1993 Article history Accepted: 04 March 1993 Published: 01 October 1993
The Independent Practice Association-Reply
Authors: Budd N. Shenkin
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —Drs DeWolf and Stanten are justly proud of the unique achievements of HPMG. To restate the key thesis of my article: the IPA model, as exemplified by HPMG, could be a savior of many of the current virtues of US medicine. If organizations like HPMG were to sprout nationwide, I would applaud.  Responding first to their more minor points: One, I said that some IPAs have tried to institute exclusivity and that it is always a major threat. Two, both competing IPAs have widely spread networks, I apologize for simplifying the point. Three, I think that DeWolf and Stanten would agree that, in general, HPMG has held the line on reimbursement. More important, HPMG has recently instituted more profound reform (called for by my article) by forming specialty-specific committees to review care processes, a crucial move. Also, they misunderstand my point that the millennia-old tradition of medical ethics
263. Characterization and Gene Transfer in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
Authors: Feizhou Lu, Jianyuan Jiang, Masayuki Fujino, Xiao-Kang Li
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

It has been shown that the stromal cell population found in bone marrow can be expanded and differentiated into cells with the phenotypes of bone, cartilage, muscle, neural and fat cells. However, whether or not mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are present in human umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been the subject of ongoing debate. In this study, we report on a population of fibroblast-like cells derived from the mononuclear fraction of human UCB with osteogenic and adipogenic potential, and the presence of a subset of cells that have been maintained in continuous culture for more than six months. These cells were found to express CD29, CD44, CD90, CD95, CD105, CD166 and major histocompatibility antigen complex (MHC) class I, but not CD14, CD34, CD40, CD45, CD80, CD86, CD117, CD152 and MHC class II.
The evidence base for shaken baby syndrome: Response to Reece et al from 41 physicians and scientists
Authors: Patrick E Lantz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Reece et al have implied that child abuse is a particularly difficult area in which to conduct research.1 This difficulty does not justify circular reasoning, selection bias, imprecise case definition, unsystematic review publications, or conclusions that overstep the data.2–5 w1-w3

Geddes and Plunkett described the use of evidence based medicine in evaluating the causes of head injury in infants and …
Expression of novel interleukin 2 binding molecules and their functional roles in human B cell differentiation.
Authors: T Tanaka, O Saiki, S Doi, M Suemura, S Negoro, S Kishimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Expressions and functional roles of novel IL-2 binding molecules (p70, 75) in the differentiation of B cells into Ig secreting cells were explored by using human several B cell lines and tonsillar B cells. Affinity-crosslinking studies revealed that five of nine B cell lines expressed p70 and p75 without detectable Tac antigen (p55) expression and the expression was associated with B cell maturation. In tonsillar B cells, small high-density B cells did not express p70 and p75, whereas large low-density B cells, which were thought to be activated in vivo, expressed them. Binding assays of radiolabeled IL-2 showed that the affinity of these molecules was intermediate (kD = 1-3 nM, 700-3,000 sites/cell). Furthermore, high concentrations of IL-2 (greater than 100 U/ml) induced Ig productions in large B cells and two of five cell lines. These results taken together suggest that B cells may express novel IL-2 binding molecules, associated with B cell differentiation and differentiate into Ig secreting cells by IL-2 through novel IL-2 binding molecules.
Treatment of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Norman Simon
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  The article by Wilson (1980;244:1837) stresses that his preferred technique is... preoperative radiation, external radiation, external pelvic irradiation to 5,400 rad in six weeks, followed by... intracavitary insertion.  That regimen requires a hospitalization for a dilation and curettage (D&C) (for precise staging), then six weeks of external irradiation followed by a second hospitalization for single intracavitary treatment, and then an immediate hysterectomy (or one delayed for several weeks). So the treatment course for stage I endometrial cancer (G2 or G3) is about three months, with three operations under general anesthesia. However, women with endometrial cancer may be elderly, and they often cannot tolerate 5,400 rad in six weeks and three operations under general anesthesia.  The external radiation, a dose of 5,400 rad to the whole pelvis, should be reserved for those patients with anaplastic tumors as evidenced by a D&C specimen or with known deep penetration determined
BMA says scientists should take part in bioterrorism debate
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<b>Objectives:</b> To describe the process for obtaining mercury and the historical exposure of Almadén miners to mercury. <b>Methods:</b> Information on every workplace and historical data on production, technological changes in the productive process and biological and environmental values of mercury was collected. A job-exposure matrix was built with these values and the exposure to inorganic mercury was estimated quantitatively as μg/l of urine mercury. A cumulative exposure index was calculated for every worker by adding the estimates for every year in the different workplaces. <b>Results:</b> In the mine, the highest exposures occurred during drilling, with values up to 2.26 mg/m<sup>3</sup> in air, 2194 μg/l in urine and 374 μg/l in blood. Furnace operation and cleaning were the tasks with the highest values in metallurgy, peaking up to 3.37 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. The filling of bottles with mercury by free fall gave values within a range of 1.13–2.43 mg/m<sup>3</sup> in air; these values dropped to 0.32–0.83 mg/m<sup>3</sup> after introducing a new ventilation system. The toxicity effects of high doses of inorganic mercury on the central nervous and urinary systems have been known for decades. <b>Conclusions:</b> The exposure of the workers in Almadén mines to mercury has been very high. The extremely high content cinnabar ore of the mine explains the increased concentrations of mercury in air at the work places. This, together with inadequate working conditions, explains the high mercury levels found in blood and urine during the study period.
Cholesterol metabolism in liver and gallbladder mucosa of patients with cholesterolosis
Authors: Staffan Sahlin, Dagny Ståhlberg, Kurt Einarsson
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The objective of this study was to investigate possible pathogenetic factors for cholesterolosis. Liver tissue, gallbladder mucosa, and gallbladder bile were collected in patients with cholesterol gallstones (GS) (14 patients with and 14 patients without cholesterolosis) and gallstone-free (GSF) subjects (11 with and 21 without cholesterolosis) undergoing cholecystectomy. In cholesterolosis, the gallbladder mucosa was characterized by a fivefold increase in esterified cholesterol and normal content of free cholesterol. The hepatic levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity, governing cholesterol synthesis, and acyl coenzyme A: acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the esterification of cholesterol, were similar in patients with and without cholesterolosis. Also in the gallbladder mucosa, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity was similar in patients with and without cholesterolosis. The acyl coenzyme A: acyltransferase activity of the gallbladder mucosa was increased in the GSF subjects with cholesterolosis. The nucleation time of gallbladder bile was shorter in the GSF subjects with cholesterolosis compared with the time of those without cholesterolosis. Occurrence of cholesterol crystals, lipid composition, and cholesterol saturation of gallbladder bile were not significantly influenced by the absence or presence of cholesterolosis. The study has confirmed that cholesterolosis is associated with a several-fold increased level of esterified cholesterol. The data suggest that patients with cholesterolosis have normal hepatic cholesterol formation and esterification. The local synthesis of cholesterol in the gallbladder mucosa seems to be normal. A positive correlation was obtained between the cholesterol saturation of bile and the content of esterified cholesterol in the gallbladder mucosa in the whole series of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
False negative clinical diagnoses of malignant melanoma
Authors: J E Osborne, J F Bourke, R A C Graham-Brown, P E Hutchinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

The false negative rate for the clinical diagnosis (FNR) for malignant melanoma is reported to be of the order of 20–50%. The aim of this study was to investigate possible predictor variables for FNR, with particular reference to the features and score of the seven-point check-list within the total population (778) of histologically proved malignant melanomas presenting in Leicestershire between 1982 and 1996. The FNR was 18.5%. The check-list would have failed as a referral indication in only 0.8–1.1% of the lesions. The major check-list features occurred more commonly than the minor features, excepting size ≥ 7 mm, confirming the diagnostic importance of the major criteria. The FNR was unaffected by age or sex. More rarely involved sites had higher rates (31–42%), and the face was a particularly difficult diagnostic site. Clinical features of lesions associated with a higher FNR were lack of irregular pigmentation and shape, altered sensation, the presence of inflammation and size < 7 mm. The FNR was inversely related to the total score and major feature score, but directly related to the minor score. The minor features, in addition to the major features, are potentially valuable in avoiding false negative diagnoses and we suggest their retention as part of the check-list. There was only one patient, in whom the diagnosis of melanoma was initially missed and who was not biopsied on presentation to hospital, who re-presented after 1 year. However, the study illustrates the importance of avoiding a false negative diagnosis as there was marked delay in the excision of such lesions.
Pretreatment intrahepatic CD8+ cell number correlates with virological response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: J.M. Vrolijk, H.L.A. Janssen, J. Kwekkeboom, B.E. Hansen, P. Zondervan, A.D.M.E. Osterhaus, S.W. Schalm, B.L. Haagmans
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Survival in 200 patients treated by haemodialysis and renal transplantation.
Authors: F Z Henari, P E Gower, J R Curtis, J B Eastwood, M E Phillips, M L Greatbatch, G B Williams, E M Gordon, P J Boyd, R K Stubbs, H E de Wardener
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The survival rates in 200 patients with terminal renal failure treated by maintenance haemodialysis and renal transplantation were analysed. The overall survival rate (+/- SE) was 81-4 +/- 3% at two years, 68-4 +/- 4% at five years, and 60-8 +/- 4-8% at eight years. Survival was inversely related to age: in those aged 15-34 years overall survival was 89-7 +/- 3-7% at two years, 87-8 +/- 4-1% at five years, and 83-9 +/- 5-5% at eight years. Eighty per cent of the surviving patients were able to work full time. The survival rate in patients returned to dialysis after graft rejection was 87-5% +/- 8-3 at three years.
Further studies on streptozotocin therapy for a multiple-hormone-producing islet cell carcinoma
Authors: I. M. Murray-Lyon, J. Cassar, R. Coulson, R. Williams, P. C. Ganguli, J. C. Edwards, K. W. Taylor
Journal: Gut (1971)

A patient with a multiple-hormone-producing islet cell carcinoma, who had previously been successfully treated with streptozotocin, was given three further infusions of this drug because of the redevelopment of gastric hypersecretion. Although some evidence of damage to the gastrinsecreting cells was obtained, the fasting plasma gastrin was not significantly altered and the patient died from a perforated duodenal ulcer. Serum insulin levels were considerably reduced and the patient became mildly diabetic but the main complication of treatment was a severe though reversible renal tubular defect. At necropsy considerable quantities of gastrin, but low levels of insulin and glucagon were extracted from a tumour metastasis.