tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Tampon Characteristics to Menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: Seth F. Berkley
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The pathogenic basis for the association of tampons with toxic shock syndrome (TSS) has not been explained adequately. Absorbency and chemical composition of tampons are related, and no prior study has had a sufficient number of cases to evaluate these independently as risk factors for disease. We compared national TSS passive surveillance data on the 285 tampon-associated menstrual cases of TSS reported from 1983 to 1984 with data on age- and year-matched controls from national surveys of tampon usage. Users of all brands of tampons had elevated risks when compared with non-tampon users (odds ratio, 32.8; 95% confidence interval, 15.5, 69.6). Regardless of the chemical composition of the tampon, increasing absorbency increased the odds ratio for TSS. Chemical composition also influenced odds ratios. Polyacrylate-containing tampons had odds ratios that were elevated but, once controlled for absorbency, that were lower than the odds ratios for cotton, rayon, and cotton/rayon tampons. The strong association of absorbency with risk of illness would suggest that as a public health measure the use of a low-absorbency tampon is likely to reduce the risk of TSS in the user.
Current practice and complications of temporary transvenous cardiac pacing
Authors: J J Murphy
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Information about the practice and complications of temporary cardiac pacing is remarkably limited. In Britain only two series have been published, and both reported the problems in patients referred to a regional cardiothoracic centre for permanent pacing who had undergone temporary pacing before transfer.1 2 This paper reports the first prospective study of temporary cardiac pacing in British district general hospitals.

Of the 20 acute hospitals in the former Northern region, 18 participated in this six month prospective study. After each attempted pacing, the coronary care nursing staff completed a form which documented demographic details, the indication for pacing, and who performed (and supervised) the procedure. When more than one operator was involved the more senior doctor was recorded. Immediate complications (apparent by the end of the …
Skin Tearing During Corticosteroid Therapy-Reply
Authors: Norman L. Gottlieb
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In Reply.—  Drs Pool and Penoff raise questions about the causes and treatment of the torn skin in our patient with rheumatoid arthritis. We are not so naive as to believe that unequivocal scientific proof was offered indicating corticosteroids as the causative agent. On the other hand, we find the suggestion that minor unperceived trauma accounted for these integumentary insults even less acceptable. Both writers concur that profound thinning of the skin and purpura occur with long-term corticosteroid therapy, predisposing to skin tearing; these features were prominent in the case described.  Dr Pool suggests drainage of hemorrhagic blebs and treating the skin as an autogenous graft; no blebs were present in our patient. We doubt that sutures would have held in our patient's thin, friable skin. The skin on the left leg had retracted during the five-day hiatus before seeking medical attention, and the edges could not be apposed and
Secondary Syphilis With Unusual Clinical Symptoms
Authors: C. Wendell Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A 22-year-old man reported to one of our venereal disease clinics on May 26, 1966, complaining of sores on various portions of his body. The patient gave a history of a penile sore with right inguinal adenitis six months earlier. Although serologic testing was done, the results did not become known, no specific treatment was given, and the lesion healed spontaneously following local applications. The new lesion and right inguinal adenitis returned on May 12, 1966. The new lesion was close to but not at the exact location of the original sore. Three or four days later, May 15 or 16, several additional sores appeared on the foreskin. By this time, a rash had erupted on the scrotum. By May 18 or 20, "sores" had appeared on his umbilicus and inside his nostrils. He had nasal stuffiness but no chills, fever, or malaise. There were multiple, soft,
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CANCER OF THE STOMACH.WITH REPORT OF ONE HUNDRED GASTRIC RESECTIONS.
Authors: WILLIAM J. MAYO
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In the history of medicine we have no recorded example of a cancer of the stomach cured by medical means. Yet, for some reason or reasons, such cases are sent to the medical men, are entered in the medical wards of hospitals a n d subjected to treatment which must result in 100 per cent. mortality. So true is this that, while suspected cases of cancer of the breast, the uterus or the rectum are at once sent to the surgical side from the out-patient department, the possible victim of cancer of the stomach, even with a suspicion amounting almost to a certainty, is still sent to the medical ward. Yet, of all diseases, cancer of the stomach is most surgical. External carcinomas may be treated by plasters, badly, it is true, but occas i o n a ll y with success. Superficial epithelial growths sometimes disappear, at least for
Phytostabilization of Mine Tailings in Arid and Semiarid Environments—An Emerging Remediation Technology
Authors: Monica O. Mendez, Raina M. Maier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

ObjectiveUnreclaimed mine tailings sites are a worldwide problem, with thousands of unvegetated, exposed tailings piles presenting a source of contamination for nearby communities. Tailings disposal sites in arid and semiarid environments are especially subject to eolian dispersion and water erosion. Phytostabilization, the use of plants for in situ stabilization of tailings and metal contaminants, is a feasible alternative to costly remediation practices. In this review we emphasize considerations for phytostabilization of mine tailings in arid and semiarid environments, as well as issues impeding its long-term success.Data sourcesWe reviewed literature addressing mine closures and revegetation of mine tailings, along with publications evaluating plant ecology, microbial ecology, and soil properties of mine tailings.Data extractionData were extracted from peer-reviewed articles and books identified in Web of Science and Agricola databases, and publications available through the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the United Nations Environment Programme.Data synthesisHarsh climatic conditions in arid and semiarid environments along with the innate properties of mine tailings require specific considerations. Plants suitable for phytostabilization must be native, be drought-, salt-, and metal-tolerant, and should limit shoot metal accumulation. Factors for evaluating metal accumulation and toxicity issues are presented. Also reviewed are aspects of implementing phytostabilization, including plant growth stage, amendments, irrigation, and evaluation.ConclusionsPhytostabilization of mine tailings is a promising remedial technology but requires further research to identify factors affecting its long-term success by expanding knowledge of suitable plant species and mine tailings chemistry in ongoing field trials.
In the Here and Now
Authors: Hedy S Wald
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with cardiac involvement
Authors: I. UMBERT, R.K. WINKELMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

A patient with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) and paraproteinaemia, who was followed‐up for several years, and treated with low‐dose chlorambucil, died as a result of a respiratory illness. The significant findings at autopsy were a xanthogranuloma of the spleen and giant cell myocarditis. The myocardial lesions were composed of macrophages, giant cells and lymphocytes. This finding is important because four of five known autopsied patients with NXG have had giant cell myocardial disease, and an effort at antemortem diagnosis should be made.
OBSERVATIONS ON THROAT SMEARS IN MEASLES, RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) AND SCARLET FEVER
Authors: RUTH TUNNICLIFF
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In previous articles,<sup>1</sup>I have described gram-positive diplococci, isolated in anaerobic cultures from the blood of measles and rubella patients. The measles diplococcus is small and round; the rubella diplococcus is larger, elongated, with pointed ends and a capsule. Diplococci similar to those isolated from the blood were also cultivated from the throat, nose, eye and ear of measles patients, and from the throat of rubella patients. Examination of smears made early in these diseases from the tonsils and anterior pillars of the fauces has been found to show large numbers of diplococci corresponding morphologically to those found in the cultures. These diplococci begin to disappear with the abatement of the throat infection. The tonsils or anterior pillars of the fauces, the part most inflamed, is swabbed with a sterile swab, the material smeared rather thickly on a clean glass slide, fixed with heat, stained a few seconds with
Left Ventricular Hemodynamics Before and 1 Year After Internal Mammary Artery Implantation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Angina Pectoris
Authors: BEN D. MCCALLISTER, DAVID R. RICHMOND, ANDRIS SALTUPS, FRANZ J. HALLERMANN, ROBERT B. WALLACE, ROBERT L. FRYE
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Left ventricular hemodynamics at rest and during supine exercise were studied before and 1 year after internal mammary artery implantation in 24 patients with severe coronary artery disease and angina pectoris and in five similar patients before and after 1 year of medical treatment. In the surgical group, 14 had evidence of one or more implants providing collaterals to coronary arteries, and 10 had no evidence of collaterals from the implant. Only two patients, both with functioning implants, showed a return to normal of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure at rest and during exercise. There was no correlation between clinical improvement and hemodynamics at the time of the postoperative study. It is concluded that left ventricular hemodynamics may return to normal after internal mammary artery implantation but this was uncommon in the present study.
Dihydroartemisinin–Piperaquine Failure in Cambodia
Authors: David L. Saunders, Pattaraporn Vanachayangkul, Chanthap Lon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Failure in CambodiaTo the Editor: Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, one of the last remaining medications effective against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, was adopted as the first-line antimalarial agent in Cambodia in 2010. 1 We are conducting a trial (ClinicalTrials.govnumber, NCT01849640) evaluating the efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Oddar Meancheay Province, Cambodia.Up to 150 adult volunteers with parasite loads of 1000 to 200,000 parasites per cubic millimeter will be administered 3 days of directly observed, open-label dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment (cumulative doses, 360 mg of dihydroartemisinin and 2880 mg of piperaquine), with 42 days of follow-up.Written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers.The dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine tablets (Holley Pharmaceuticals) met U.S. Pharmacopeia weight and content uniformity standards before and midway through the trial.We report here the results for the first 50 volunteers.Parasite clearance was measured with the use of serial microscopy and real-time polymerase-
Isosorbide Dinitrate
Authors: Robert Zelis, Dean T. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To evaluate whether there is cross-tolerance to the circulatory effects of isosorbide dinitrate and nitroglycerin, six subjects were given 120 mg/day of sustained-action isosorbide dinitrate in three divided doses for six to eight weeks. Prior to and during the last week of long-term isosorbide dinitrate administration, the effects of sublingually given nitroglycerin (0.9 mg) on plethysmographically measured calf blood flow and venous volume at 30 mm Hg (VV[30]) were measured on three occasions and averaged. Although the arteriolar dilation produced by nitroglycerin was unaltered by isosorbide dinitrate, the venodilation was significantly attenuated. The VV[30] increased from 3.00 to 3.28 ml/100 ml (<i>P</i>&lt;.02) with nitroglycerin prior to isosorbide dinitrate administration, but failed to increase with nitroglycerin during the long-term administration of isosorbide dinitrate (2.95 to 2.95 ml/100 ml,<i>P</i>&gt;.5). (<i>JAMA</i>234:166-170, 1975)
Medullary and Papillary Carcinomas Occurring as a Collision Tumor: Report of a Case
Authors: MELANIE J. GERO, STANLEY LIPPER, ANN E. CHERNYS, LAWRENCE SILVER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Muitiple thyroid carcinomas of divergent cellular origin are extremely rare. A case is presented in which two unrelated tumors, a medullary carcinoma and a papiliary carcinoma, occurred as a collision tumor.
Polyarthritis due to Mycobacterium kansasii in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P DeMerieux, E C Keystone, M Hutcheon, C Laskin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

A case of destructive polyarthritis due to infection by Mycobacterium kansasii is described in a 68-year-old patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving prednisone and azathioprine therapy. Superimposed infection was suggested by positive Ziehl-Neelsen stains of synovial fluid from the patient9s right shoulder and wrists, with confirmation on culture. Histological examination of synovium revealed abundant noncaseating granulomata within subsynovial cellular infiltrates. Treatment with triple antituberculous chemotherapy resulted in substantial extra-articular improvement within 3 months. However, articular destruction progressed unabated. A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose joint infections in patients with underlying polyarthritis who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The progressive joint damage, despite periarticular resolution, may suggest the need for a combination of surgical synovectomy and antituberculous chemotherapy.
Review: ACE inhibitors reduce risk for pneumonia
Authors: Randolph J. Lipchik
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Source Citation Caldeira D, Alarcão J, Vaz-Carneiro A, Costa J. Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;345:e4260. 22786934
General-practitioner deputizing services.
Authors: A Miles, L Goodman
Journal: BMJ (1974)

as only two of the children of the inpant group grew at even half he expected velo- city the growth retardsti was coniderable and ih value for x2 was 26X87 (13 D.F., P<0-02).In the outpatient group there was no difference between the observed and ex- peCted height velocities (X2 3-66, 5 D.F.,
Long-Term Prescribing: Drug Management of Chronic Disease and Other Problems
Authors: William R. Best
Journal: JAMA (1983)

I'm sure most discerning physicians have their favorite aids to prescribe for those situations where they wonder how the seasoned specialist would handle it. I have turned on occasion to Conn's<i>Current Therapy</i>, the 1983 edition of which has recently come out at $42.<i>Long-Term Prescribing</i>presents a more compact alternative with a more limited focus as well as a distinct British flavor. Chapters such as "Hypertension," "Asthma," "The Rheumatic Diseases," and "Diabetes" deal with specifics of long-term therapy in individual diseases or classes of disease. Other chapters that should prove useful to many physicians view clinical problems from a unique angle. "Symptom-Control in Terminal Cancer" is particularly good; also helpful are "Principles of Prescribing for the Elderly," "Prescribing During Pregnancy and Breast-feeding," "Oral Contraceptives," and "Common Drug Interactions." There is some variation in quality among the chapters, but in general each displays much good sense and awareness of the
Captopril and Membranous Glomerulopathy
Authors: Edmund J. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A variety of reports of ultrastructural and immunopathologic changes in the renal glomerulus and of proteinuria and membranous glomerulonephritis have been related to the use of captopril. However, many of the abnormalities originally attributed to captopril have been found in the glomeruli of hypertensive persons who had never received this drug.<sup>1</sup>The chemical structure of captopril has raised many suspicions with regard to potential side effects. There has been a tendency to equate the chemical structure of captopril with that of penicillamine, by virtue of their sulfhydryl groups, which has contributed greatly to the suspicions of toxicity surrounding the drug. However, with respect to possible glomerular damage, the safety profile of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that does not contain a sulfhydryl moiety, reveals that proteinuria occurs as frequently with that drug (1.4%) as it does among those treated with captopril (1.2%) and among hypertensive patients
142. pFex: A Highly Efficient Adenoviral Vector System for Fiber Gene Modification
Authors: Shawn E. Lupold, Tarana A. Kudrolli, Wasim H. Chowdhurry, Ronald Rodriguez
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Targeted adenoviral tropism and improved viral biodistribution can be achieved by alteration of genes encoding viral capsid proteins. However, manipulation of such late viral genes is difficult due to the potential problems of altering Major Late Transcriptional Unit (MLTU) splicing, capsid protein folding, multimerization, and assembly into a working virus. Further, the viral genome is large and therefore cloning strategies are limited to low efficiency homologous recombination. We have therefore generated a novel and robust vector system, based on unidirectional Cre/lox recombination, which is capable of altering the fiber gene region of adenovirus with high efficiency.
Allergic inflammation induced by a <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> conidia‐associated allergen extract in a murine model
Authors: C. J. Schwab, J. D. Cooley, C. J. Jumper, S. C. Graham, D. C. Straus
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Recent evidence has shown that viable conidia from the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum induce allergic effects in mice. The present study was conducted to determine the specific allergic dose response of C57BL/6 mice to the protease extract, Pen ch , isolated from viable P. chrysogenum conidia. Methods: Mice were treated with primary intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 10 or 100 μ g of Pen ch adsorbed to alum, followed by weekly IP injections of 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0 μ g Pen ch with alum for 4 weeks, and with 10.0 μ g of Pen ch by intranasal (IN) inoculations the final 2 weeks before killing. Results: Intraperitoneal injections of 10 and 100 μ g of Pen ch for 5 weeks followed by 2 weeks of IN instillation of 10 μ g induced significant increases of total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG 1 . Bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts revealed increased numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils. Histopathological examination of lungs detected perivascular inflammation by eosinophils and neutrophils and increased mucous production. Conclusions: The data presented in this study indicate that sensitization to protease allergens released by viable P. chrysogenum conidia in vivo induce a strong allergic inflammatory response in a murine model, which could have implications for people exposed to high levels of conidia of this organism.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Saudi Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Attending a Medical Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Daad H. Akbar, Abeer H. Kawther
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver condition that is being recognized with increasing frequency, and it may progress to end-stage liver disease (1). NAFLD can affect any age-group and has been described in most racial groups. In most series, the typical picture is a middle-aged woman (1). Obesity has the strongest association with NAFLD, but regardless of BMI, the presence of type 2 diabetes significantly increases the risk and severity of NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLD in the general population ranges from 13 to 15% (2). The prevalence increases in subjects with diabetes and with severe obesity and has been reported to range from 25 to 75% or even higher (3). In Saudi Arabia, a prevalence of 7–10% has been reported in the general population (4,5). The aim of our work is to determine the prevalence …
A Large Food-Borne Outbreak of Hepatitis A
Authors: Barry S. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In Minneapolis, 107 cases of hepatitis A were identified and traced primarily to consumption of cold sandwiches served for lunch in a department store's popular basement restaurant. A sandwich-maker in the restaurant was the index patient. The date of onset of her illness and the dates of food consumption and onset of illness of infrequent restaurant patrons were consistent with accepted periods of infectivity and incubation for hepatitis A. Because the sandwich-maker frequently touched her hands to her mouth when she worked, and because we could not find evidence for fecal, airborne, or other modes of transmission, we believe that she may have contaminated food with infectious oropharyngeal secretions. The secondary attack rate was much lower among household contacts who received immune serum globulin than among those who had not. (<i>JAMA</i>234:289-294, 1975)
Avicenna's poem on medicine.
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To all who have the slightest interest in medical history, this volume fills a long-term want, as it presents for the first time an English translation of Avicenna's important work,<i>the Poem on Medicine</i>. There is a vast difference between reading about a great physician and reading his actual works, and hitherto the writings of Avicenna have been available only to determined scholars. The translator admits his heavy reliance on a recent French translation from the Arabic and indicates that his own competence in Arabic is not high. Nevertheless, the text reads fluently, with only occasional baffling passages. Unfortunately, the introductory and concluding sections are disappointing. Avicenna's teachings closely followed those of Hippocrates and Galen, and any reader without thorough knowledge of these classic authors cannot appreciate the medieval text. Krueger does not expound the basic principles which underlie Greek and Roman medicine, or does he indicate, for the unintiated,