tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An immunoglobulin E-dependent recombinant histamine-releasing factor induces interleukin-4 secretion from human basophils.
Authors: J T Schroeder, L M Lichtenstein, S M MacDonald
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

A novel recombinant histamine-releasing factor (rHFR), which stimulates secretion from a subpopulation of human basophils that express a particular type of immunoglobulin E (IgE) or IgE+, was found to induce interleukin-4 (IL-4) production from cells isolated from these same donors. The secretion of IL-4 protein induced by rHRF significantly correlated with histamine release and the amount of protein generated, and the kinetics were identical to those caused by anti-IgE activation. Furthermore, the ability of rHRF to induce IL-4 protein production from cells not normally responsive to this protein was transferred by passive sensitization with plasma containing IgE+ antibody. That this novel protein stimulates both mediator release and the secretion of IL-4 protein from human basophils suggests a prominent role for this molecule in allergic disease.
Built environment characteristics and parent active transportation are associated with active travel to school in youth age 12–15
Authors: Jordan A Carlson, James F Sallis, Jacqueline Kerr, Terry L Conway, Kelli Cain, Lawrence D Frank, Brian E Saelens
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Purpose To investigate the relation of factors from multiple levels of ecological models (ie, individual, interpersonal and environmental) to active travel to/from school in an observational study of young adolescents. Methods Participants were 294 12–15-year olds living within two miles of their school. Demographic, psychosocial and perceived built environment characteristics around the home were measured by survey, and objective built environment factors around home and school were assessed in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Mixed effects multinomial regression models tested correlates of engaging in 1–4 (vs 0) and 5–10 (vs 0) active trips/week to/from school, adjusted for distance and other covariates. Results 64% of participants reported ≥1 active trip/week to/from school. Significant correlates of occasional and/or habitual active travel to/from school included barriers (ORs=0.27 and 0.15), parent modelling of active travel (OR=3.27 for habitual), perceived street connectivity (OR=1.78 for occasional), perceived pedestrian safety around home (OR=2.04 for habitual), objective street connectivity around home (OR=0.97 for occasional), objective residential density around home (ORs=1.10 and 1.11) and objective residential density around school (OR=1.14 for habitual). Parent modelling interacted with pedestrian safety in explaining active travel to/from school. Conclusions Results supported multilevel correlates of adolescents’ active travel to school, consistent with ecological models. Correlates of occasional and habitual active travel to/from school were similar. Built environment attributes around schools, particularly residential density, should be considered when siting new schools and redeveloping neighbourhoods around existing schools.
Antigens related to the major internal protein, p27, of a psoriasis associated retrovirus-like particle are expressed in patients with chronic arthritis.
Authors: E Rødahl, O.J Iversen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

A rabbit antiserum against the major internal protein, p27, of a psoriasis associated retrovirus-like particle has been applied in an immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antigens cross reacting with p27 in patients with psoriatic arthritis, seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis. Antigens reacting with anti-p27 antibodies were present in lymphocytes from blood or synovial fluid from all patients examined. However, the expression was restricted to 0.01-0.1% of the cells. Among the positive p27 cells were cells reacting with markers for T, B, or NK cells. The anti-p27 antibodies also reacted with mononuclear cells in the synovial membrane and with the internal wall of some small or medium sized vessels in sections of synovial biopsy specimens from the patients with chronic arthritis. The reaction with mononuclear synovial membrane cells was restricted to approximately 0.1% of the cells. Blood lymphocytes or synovial sections from healthy persons did not react with the anti-p27 antibodies. The implication of these observations in the pathogenesis of chronic arthritis in man is discussed.
Second Internal Thoracic Artery Versus Radial Artery in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Elfriede Ruttmann, Nikolaus Fischler, Adel Sakic, Orest Chevtchik, Hannes Alber, Roland Schistek, Hanno Ulmer, Michael Grimm
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The best second arterial conduit for multiple arterial revascularization (MAR) is still a matter of debate. Previous studies on the benefit of either using the radial artery (RA) or the right internal thoracic artery (RITA) in coronary artery bypass grafting are not conclusive. The aim of our study was to compare the perioperative and long-term outcome of either RA or RITA grafts as second conduits for MAR.A consecutive series of 1001 patients undergoing first nonemergent coronary artery bypass grafting receiving either RA or RITA as second graft for MAR between 2001 and 2010 were studied. There were 277 patients receiving a RITA and 724 patients receiving a RA in addition to a left internal thoracic artery (LITA). Concomitant saphenous vein grafts (SVG) were grafted in addition as necessary. Propensity score-matched analysis was performed to compare the 2 groups, bilateral ITA±SVG (BITA±SVG group) and the LITA+RA±SVG group relative to overall survival and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events-free survival. Hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by COX regression stratified on matched pairs. The incidence of perioperative major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events was significantly lower in the BITA±SVG group (1.4% versus 7.6%, P<0.001). Overall survival (hazard ratio 0.23; 95% confidence interval 0.066-0.81; P=0.022) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events-free survival (hazard ratio 0.18; 95% confidence interval 0.08-0.42; P<0.001) were significantly better in the BITA±SVG group compared to the LITA+RA±SVG group.The results of our study provide strong evidence for the superiority of a RITA graft compared to RA as a second conduit in MAR.
Scanning electron microscopy of dermal elastic fibres in transverse section
Authors: TAKUO TSUJI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

The fibrous networks of dermal elastic fibres have been studied in transverse section using a scanning electron microscope. In the uppermost dermis the elastic fibres have no free endings, but form a reticulate appearance by connecting with each other. In the mid-dermis the fibres run parallel to the epidermal surface, aligning in the same direction. In the lower dermis many of the fibres are organized into broad thin sheets with numerous branches.
Carbon dioxide laser treatment of rhinophyma: a review of 124 patients
Authors: V. Madan, J.E. Ferguson, P.J. August
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Rhinophyma is a progressive, localized or generalized nasal deformity resulting from hypertrophy of sebaceous and connective tissue. The CO2 laser has been used for treatment of rhinophyma, but the long-term efficacy of the treatment is unknown. Objectives To review the outcome of 124 patients with rhinophyma treated with the CO2 laser between 1996 and 2008 in our centre. Patients and methods Exuberant sebaceous tissue was ablated using the Sharplan 40C CO2 laser (Sharplan Lasers UK Ltd, London, U.K.) under local anaesthesia. The technique varied with the severity of rhinophyma; the laser was used in a continuous mode to debulk the larger rhinophymas, and in a resurfacing mode (Silk Touch® scanner; Sharplan, 4–7-mm spot at 20–40 W) or continuous mode (10–20 W using a defocused 2–3-mm beam) to reshape the nasal contours. Outcomes were determined by case notes, clinical review and questionnaire. Results Laser treatment was completed in a single session in 115 of 124 patients. All patients were reviewed 3 months post-treatment. Results were classified as good to excellent in 118 and poor in six patients. All patients were sent a satisfaction questionnaire in 2008 and 52 patients replied. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction following treatment. The post-treatment response at 3-month review was maintained long term. The main complications were pain associated with injection of local anaesthetic, scarring and hypopigmentation (four patients) and open pores (two patients). Conclusions The CO2 laser is an effective and durable treatment for rhinophyma. Treatment carries a low risk of side-effects and is associated with high patient acceptability and satisfaction.
MULTICENTRE STUDY OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN DIET FOR OUTPATIENT HYPERCHOLESTEROLÆMIC PATIENTS
Authors: G.C. Descovich, A. Gaddi, G. Mannino, L. Cattin, U. Senin, C. Caruzzo, C. Fragiacomo, M. Sirtori, C. Ceredi, M.S. Benassi, L. Colombo, G. Fontana, E. Mannarino, E. Bertelli, G. Noseda, C.R. Sirtori
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Prognostic parameters in Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Authors: P.H. Hoeger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Prognostic parameters in Henoch–Schönlein purpura Get access P.H. Hoeger P.H. Hoeger Department of Paediatric Dermatology Catholic Children's Hospital Wilhelmstift Hamburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 5, 1 May 2015, Pages 1191–1192, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13723 Published: 01 May 2015
Lack of Benefit From Intravenous Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibition as Adjunctive Treatment for Percutaneous Interventions of Aortocoronary Bypass Grafts
Authors: Marco Roffi, Debabrata Mukherjee, Derek P. Chew, Deepak L. Bhatt, Leslie Cho, Mark A. Robbins, Khaled M. Ziada, Danielle M. Brennan, Stephen G. Ellis, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Despite widespread use of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of bypass grafts, data supporting this strategy are lacking.
Care and Outcomes of Patients With In-Hospital Stroke
Authors: Alexandra P. Saltman, Frank L. Silver, Jiming Fang, Melissa Stamplecoski, Moira K. Kapral
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

A sizeable minority of strokes occur in hospitalized patients. However, little is known about the presentation, care, and outcomes of stroke in this subgroup of patients.To examine stroke care delivery and outcomes for patients with in-hospital vs community-onset stroke.Prospective cohort study of all patients older than 18 years with acute stroke seen in the emergency department or admitted to the hospital at participating centers (all regional stroke centers in Ontario, Canada) between July 1, 2003, and March 31, 2012, including those with stroke onset during hospitalization for another cause.We compared processes of stroke care delivery, including time to neuroimaging and rates of thrombolysis, as well as outcomes, including death and disability, in those with in-hospital vs community-onset stroke. We used multiple logistic regression models to adjust for age, sex, comorbid conditions, and stroke type and severity.The study sample included 973 patients with in-hospital stroke and 28 837 with community-onset stroke. Patients with in-hospital stroke compared with those with community-onset stroke had significantly longer waiting times from symptom recognition to neuroimaging (median, 4.5 vs 1.2 hours; P < .001; for <2 hours, 32% vs 63%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.18-0.24), lower use of thrombolysis (12% vs 19% of those with ischemic stroke; AOR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.43-0.67; P < .001), and longer time from stroke recognition to administration of thrombolysis (median, 2.0 vs 1.2 hours; P < .001). After adjustment for age, stroke severity, and other factors, mortality rates at 30 days and 1 year after stroke were similar in those with in-hospital stroke and community-onset stroke; however, those with in-hospital stroke had a longer median length of stay following stroke onset (17 vs 8 days; P < .001), were more likely to be dead or disabled at discharge (77% vs 65% with modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6; AOR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.38-1.96; P < .001), and were less likely to be discharged home from the hospital (35% vs 44%; AOR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.90; P < .001).Compared with those with community-onset stroke, patients with in-hospital stroke had delays in investigations and treatment, suggesting a need for a standardized approach to the recognition and management of in-hospital stroke, with the aim of ensuring access to rapid acute stroke care.
Compensated polarized light microscopy. Identification of crystals in synovial fluids from gout and pseudogout
Authors: P. Phelps
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In 1961, McCarty and Hollander<sup>1</sup>described the presence of monosodium urate crystals in 15 synovial fluids from 18 acute gouty joints. Subsequently McCarty reported the presence of crystals in 141 of 150 fluids in acute gout. The examination of synovial fluid for urate crystals led to the discovery of a second type of crystal, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate,<sup>2</sup>in fluids from patients experiencing acute arthritis resembling gout. Named "pseudogout," this syndrome represents the clinical and pathologic elaboration of chondrocalcinosis as described roentgenologically by Zitnan and Sitaj.<sup>3</sup>The intrasynovial injection of monosodium urate<sup>4,5</sup>as well as a variety of other crystals into human and canine joints reproduces many of the clinical aspects of acute gout and pseudogout. The term "crystal induced synovitis" describes the nonspecific inflammatory reaction to microcrystalline irritants. Compensated polarized microscopy provides a rapid and accurate method for identifying monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystals in
Iron metabolism in copper-deficient swine
Authors: G. Richard Lee, Sergio Nacht, John N. Lukens, G. E. Cartwright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The way in which iron is handled by the duodenal mucosa, the reticuloendothelial system, the hepatic parenchymal cell, and the normoblast was investigated in copper-deficient swine.Copper-deficient swine failed to absorb dietary iron at the normal rate. Increased amounts of stainable iron were observed in fixed sections of duodenum from such animals. When (59)iron was administered orally, the mucosa of copper-deficient animals extracted iron from the duodenal lumen at the normal rate, but the subsequent transfer to plasma was impaired.When intramuscular iron supplements were given to copper-deficient pigs, increased amounts of iron were found in the reticuloendothelial system, the hepatic parenchymal cells, and in normoblasts (sideroblasts). Hypoferremia was observed in the early stages of copper deficiency, even though iron stores were normal or increased. When red cells that were damaged by prolonged storage were administered, the reticuloendothelial system failed to extract and transfer the erythrocyte iron to the plasma at the normal rate. Administration of copper to copper-deficient animals with normal iron stores resulted in a prompt increase in the plasma iron. The observed abnormalities in iron metabolism are best explained by an impaired ability of the duodenal mucosa, the reticuloendothelial system, and the hepatic parenchymal cell to release iron to the plasma. It is suggested that copper is essential to the normal release of iron from these tissues. This concept is compatible with the suggestion made by others that the transfer of iron from tissues to plasma requires the enzymatic oxidation of ferrous iron, and that the plasma copper protein, ceruloplasmin, is the enzyme (ferroxidase) which catalyzes the reaction. Because excessive amounts of iron were found in normoblasts, it is suggested that an additional defect in iron metabolism affects these cells and plays a major role in the development of anemia. As a result of the proposed defect, iron cannot be incorporated into hemoglobin and, instead, accumulates as nonhemoglobin iron.
Enhanced biosynthesis of human skin collagenase in fibroblast cultures from recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.
Authors: K J Valle, E A Bauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Using a sensitive, specific immunoprecipitation method, the biosynthesis of human skin collagenase was studied in fibroblast cultures from patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of solubilized immunoprecipitates showed two 3H-labeled procollagenase species that comigrated with those harvested from control cultures. Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa cultures accumulated increased amounts of collagenase. Both the initial rate of accumulation of intracellular enzyme and the rate of secretion were enhanced, suggesting that excessive accumulation is related to increased synthesis. Because the turnover of labeled collagenase was unaltered, the accumulation could not be attributed to diminishing enzyme degradation. No preferential incorporation of [3H]leucine into recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa collagenase occurred. Furthermore, the mutant cultures displayed no alteration in total protein synthesis, the intracellular leucine pool, or the growth kinetics of the cells. Cells from a patient with dominant epidermolysis bullosa did not show enhanced accumulation of collagenase. The levels of collagenase synthesized in vitro correlated with those observed previously in vivo in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients, suggesting that this biochemical trait is pathogenetically significant in the disorder.
Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Episodic Tension-Type Headache
Authors: Geoffrey Bove, Niels Nilsson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Episodic tension-type headache is common and is often treated using manual therapies. Few data exist for the efficacy of these interventions.Objective.—To determine the effects of spinal manipulation therapy on adults with episodic tension-type headache.Design.—Randomized controlled trial lasting 19 weeks.Setting.—Outpatient facility of a National Health Service–funded chiropractic research institution in Denmark.Participants.—Volunteer sample of 26 men and 49 women aged 20 to 59 years who met the diagnostic criteria for episodic tension-type headache as defined by the International Headache Society.Intervention.—Participants were randomized into 2 groups, 1 receiving soft tissue therapy and spinal manipulation (the manipulation group), and the other receiving soft tissue therapy and a placebo laser treatment (the control group). All participants received 8 treatments over 4 weeks; all treatments were performed by the same chiropractor.Main Outcome Measures.—Daily hours of headache, pain intensity per episode, and daily analgesic use, as recorded in diaries.Results.—Based on intent-to-treat analysis, no significant differences between the manipulation and control groups were observed in any of the 3 outcome measures. However, by week 7, each group experienced significant reductions in mean daily headache hours (manipulation group, reduction from 2.8 to 1.5 hours; control group, reduction from 3.4 to 1.9 hours) and mean number of analgesics per day (manipulation group, reduction from 0.66 to 0.38; control group, reduction from 0.82 to 0.59). These changes were maintained through the observation period. Headache pain intensity was unchanged for the duration of the trial.Conclusion.—As an isolated intervention, spinal manipulation does not seem to have a positive effect on episodic tension-type headache.
Hyperuricaemia and gout: state of the art and future perspectives
Authors: N. Dalbeth, A. So
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Major progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of gout. These advances include identification of the genetic and environmental risk factors for gout, recognition that gout is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, elucidation of the pathways regulating the acute gout attack and the development of novel therapeutic agents to treat both the acute and chronic phases of the disease. This review summarises these advances and highlights the research agenda for the next decade.
Arterial oxygenation during sleep in patients with right-to-left cardiac or intrapulmonary shunts.
Authors: J R Catterall, N J Douglas, P M Calverley, C M Shapiro, D C Flenley
Journal: Thorax (1983)

We have studied arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), breathing patterns, and electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep stage during nocturnal sleep in six patients with right-to-left cardiac or intrapulmonary shunts and six patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema, chosen because they were equally hypoxaemic when awake (SaO2 during wakefulness: bronchitis 74-90%, mean 83%; shunt 77-89%, mean 83%). The patients with bronchitis had far greater falls in SaO2 when asleep than those with shunts (maximum fall in SaO2 during sleep: bronchitis 14-47%, mean 29%; shunt 5-10%, mean 8%; p less than 0.01). Significant episodes of hypoxaemia (defined as SaO2 falls greater than 10%) occurred in all six bronchitic patients, from once to seven times per night, but in none of the patients with shunts (p less than 0.05). Twenty-four of the 27 episodes of hypoxaemia occurred in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and 24 were associated with hypopnoea. The two groups of patients had similar EEG sleep patterns and the same amount of hypopnoea during sleep. Thus the level of arterial oxygenation when the patient is awake is not the sole determinant of the degree of nocturnal hypoxaemia; the pathological process is also important.
Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast and Ovarian
Authors: Mary B. Daly, Jennifer E. Axilbund, Saundra Buys, Beth Crawford, Carolyn D. Farrell, Susan Friedman, Judy E. Garber, Salil Goorha, Stephen B. Gruber, Heather Hampel, Virginia Kaklamani, Wendy Kohlmann, Allison Kurian, Jennifer Litton, P. Kelly Marcom, Robert Nussbaum, Kenneth Offit, Tuya Pal, Boris Pasche, Robert Pilarski, Gwen Reiser, Kristen Mahoney Shannon, Jeffrey R. Smith, Elizabeth Swisher, Jeffrey N. Weitzel
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

All cancers develop as a result of mutations in certain genes, such as those involved in the regulation of cell growth and/or DNA repair, 1,2 but not all of these mutations are inherited from a parent.For example, sporadic mutations can occur in somatic/ tumor cells only, and de novo mutations can occur for the first time in a germ cell (i.e., egg or sperm) or in the fertilized egg itself during early embryogen-