tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract of normal man and class of immunoglobulin contained therein.
Authors: C A Soutar
Journal: Thorax (1976)

The anatomical distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract, and the relative proportions of the immunoglobulin classes have been estimated on necropsy tissues from nine adult human subjects without respiratory disease, five non-smokers and four smokers, none of whom had cough or sputum. Cell counts on multiple sections stained by immunofluorescent methods for the presence of immunoglobulin were carried out on the upper trachea, main bronchus, and lower lobe bronchus. Cells containing immunoglobulin were found mostly in the submucous glands but were also present in the lamina propria of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium. These cells were present in the greatest concentration in the main bronchus and were always present in the lobar bronchus and, in most subjects, in the upper trachea. The cells were not always present round small bronchi and bronchioles and were virtually absent from alveolar walls. Cells containing IgA were much more numerous than those containing other immunoglobulin classes in all subjects except one, in whom IgG and IgE cells were equally numerous. Two subjects appeared to be significantly different from the rest. One non-smoking subject had a marked deficiency of IgA cells at all sampling sites, and one smoker had a marked excess of IgA cells. In spite of these two subjects there was no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers except in the lobar bronchus where the smokers had significantly more IgA cells than the non-smokers.
Effect of Aggregating Agents on the Electrophoretic Mobility of Human Platelets
Authors: J. R. Hampton, J. R. A. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Exposure to Asbestos-Hourihane et al. been shown not to be peritoneal mesotheliomata, since the clinical course and macroscopic appearances of these neoplasms can be very similar (Hourihane, 1964).While necropsy and radiological surveys of other populations would be of great interest, and while the hazards of asbestos exposure are in need of more detailed analyses, the preventive and legal aspects of industrial, domestic, and environmental exposure require urgent consideration.Once pleural plaques have developed the dangers of supervening malignancy are great and the possibility of successful treatment is remote. SummaryA close association between exposure to asbestos and the development of pleural plaques has been shown.A cause-and- effect relationship is probable.The most extensive lesions are radiologically detectable, and the disease asbestosis is then also present, despite the absence of any other radiological abnormality.The sources of asbestos are considered and evidence is pre- sented to suggest that there is a widespread non-industrial community exposure.Mesotheliomata are common in patients with pleural plaques, and it is suggested that there is a dose- response relationship between the asbestos and the development of these neoplasms.The question of a relationship between lung cancer and asbestos is left open, but the value of radiological surveys for pleural plaques is emphasized in any study of this problem.Asbestos is not the sole cause of pleural plaques, but it is certainly the most common.We should like to thank the physicians and surgeons of the London Hospital who allowed us to refer to cases under their care, and the registrars of the x-ray department who helped us to collect the radiological series.We are grateful to Professor I.
The Porphyrias: A Story of Inheritance and Environment
Authors: John D. Vavra
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This book, now in its second edition, is more an anecdotal and autobiographical account of the porphyrias than a comprehensive review of the subject. Geoffrey Dean discovered the disease porphyria variegata in the South African van Rooyen family. Half of the book, written in the first person, is devoted to detailed family trees and individual case histories representative of Dean's sleuthing the porphyrias in South Africa. The accounts are epidemiological, based on analysis of family trees, rather than on the pathophysiology of porphyrin metabolism. For the reader unfamiliar with the porphyrias, the book suffers from many defects. After a brief historical survey, a classification of porphyria is presented without logical development. Eight pages are devoted to porphyrin synthesis and metabolism. In order to relate the classification of porphyrias to porphyria metabolism and excretion patterns of porphyrins, one must search the book for scattered bits and pieces of information. Space devoted
Outgrowing the Child Neurologist
Authors: Lawrence W. Brown, E. Steve Roach
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
TCT-422 Large 22 to 24Fr femoral vein hemostasis with a subcutaneous stitch or a double Perclose closure is effective and safe
Authors: Asma Hussaini, Wen Loong Yeow, Takashi Matsumoto, Mamoo Nakamura, Hassan Jlaihawi, Raj Makkar, Saibal Kar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma presenting as acute leukemia
Authors: Bakul I. Dalal, Mukesh Chhanabhai, Douglas E. Horsman, John LeHuquet, Robert Coupland
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a highgrade neoplasm of cytotoxic T cells.Defining features of ALCL include large pleomorphic cells with abundant cytoplasm; irregular, often horseshoe-shaped nuclei; consistent expression of CD30; usual expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK); and frequent t(2;5) translocation.ALCL can occur in lymph nodes as well as in such extranodal sites as skin, bones, soft tissue, lungs, and liver.However, involvement of blood by ALCL is extremely rare.The case described herein is that of a 52-year-old man with a 3-week history of severe constitutional symptoms, skin rash, extensive generalized lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly.The hemoglobin was 10.0 g/dL, the white blood cell count was 15,500 /ml, and the platelet count was 145,000/ml.The peripheral blood film revealed 12-20% irregularly shaped blastlike cells (15-25 mm in diameter) with large, convoluted, and often horseshoe-shaped nuclei.These cells had abundant blue cytoplasm with frequent vacuoles and occasional azurophilic granules (see Image 1).Small numbers of similar cells were also seen in the bone marrow.The cells expressed CD30 (see Image 2), as well as such other markers as CD45, CD2, CD8, CD25, granzyme B, CD43, and CD38.They failed to express CD3, CD20, and ALK.The cells showed a complex karyotypic abnormality with involvement of chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 15.However, here was no evidence of the t(2;5) translocation, an abnormality that was further excluded by FISH.A lymph-node biopsy verified the diagnosis of ALK-negative, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL).The presence of tumor cells in the peripheral circulation is uncommon in patients with ALCL, and a leukemic presentation of ALCL such as seen in this case is extremely rare.Involvement of the blood in ALCL such as in the case described here appears to indicate a very poor prognosis.
The effect of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids in healthy volunteers on the number of circulating lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets
Authors: WJ Fokkens, JP Braat, JP Van De Merwe, H Hooijkaas, SE Overbeek
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: There has been an increasing interest in the potential systemic effects of inhaled corticosteroids. Methods: The effect of locally inhaled corticosteroids in the nose and lung on blood lymphocytes was measured in two studies. In the first study, budesonide (BUD) (200 and 800 μg), fluticasone propionate (FP) (200 and 800 μg), and placebo were administered in the nose, and BUD (1600 μg) and FP (1500 μg) were inhaled into the lungs in a blinded, randomized fashion by 12 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were taken before and 4 h after the administration of the drug, and total lymphocyte count and different subpopulations were determined. In the second study, 15 healthy volunteers were randomized to BUD (1600 μg), FP (1600 μg), or placebo inhaled into the lungs. Blood samples were taken before and 4, 8, 24, 48, and 148 h (=7 days) after inhalation of the medication. Results: Neither the nasal applications nor the inhalation of FP (1500 μg/1600 μg) showed significant differences in total lymphocyte count or different subpopulations between baseline and 4 h after the administration. In both studies, a significant reduction was found in the total lymphocyte count, B cells, T cells, and the CD4+ and the CD8+ fractions 4 h after application of BUD 1600 μg. Conclusions: Nasal application of BUD or FP in doses up to 800 μg do not induce lymphopenia. BUD 1600 μg inhalation in the lung reduces lymphocytes and their subfractions. Further studies have to be done to determine whether the results obtained in this study in healthy volunteers will also be found in patients with diseased mucosa and whether there is any correlation with adverse effects such as growth inhibition or osteoporosis.
Functions of flt3 in zebrafish hematopoiesis and its relevance to human acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Bai-Liang He, Xiangguo Shi, Cheuk Him Man, Alvin C. H. Ma, Stephen C. Ekker, Howard C. H. Chow, Chi Wai Eric So, William W. L. Choi, Wenqing Zhang, Yiyue Zhang, Anskar Y. H. Leung
Journal: Blood (2014)
Evaluation and Management of Paravalvular Aortic Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Jan-Malte Sinning, Mariuca Vasa-Nicotera, Derek Chin, Christoph Hammerstingl, Alexander Ghanem, Johan Bence, Jan Kovac, Eberhard Grube, Georg Nickenig, Nikos Werner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hemodynamic Consequences of Physical Training after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: M. H. FRICK, M. KATILA
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The hemodynamic effects of physical training, three periods weekly for 1 to 2 months, after myocardial infarction were assessed in seven patients by cardiac catheterization at rest and during exercise. The training was followed by reduction in exercise heart rate and tension-time index as determined from brachial artery pressures. Stroke volume during exercise was enhanced. No significant change occurred in the heart volume. Left ventricular function was improved, and a significant increase in the rate of rise of right ventricular pressure occurred. These were interpreted as indicating myocardial hypertrophy, which probably through reduced compliance also accounted for increased ventricular filling pressures. Lactate in arterial blood was reduced during exercise without any change in the arteriovenous oxygen difference. Small and not significant changes occurred in vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, fasting blood sugar, and serum lipids. Concomitant with the hemodynamic changes exercise tolerance was improved. The data support the thesis that in some patients increased physical activity after myocardial infarction is followed by beneficial hemodynamic effects on the heart and possibly by increased coronary blood flow. The need for proper selection of patients and close medical supervision during training is illustrated and emphasized.
The Feedback Phase of Type I Interferon Induction in Dendritic Cells Requires Interferon Regulatory Factor 8
Authors: Prafullakumar Tailor, Tomohiko Tamura, Hee Jeong Kong, Toru Kubota, Mayumi Kubota, Paola Borghi, Lucia Gabriele, Keiko Ozato
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Erythrocytic glutathione reductase deficiency in a hospital population in the united states
Authors: Henri Frischer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract In the USA, erythrocytic glutathione reductase (GSSG‐R) deficiency is significantly more common, and can be considerably more pronounced in hospitalized patients (118/3198) than in outpatients (37/1639) or in apparently healthy persons (12/849). Retrospective analysis of illnesses found in 118 inpatients with erythrocytic GSSG‐R deficiency revealed a striking and previously unsuspected association of the enzyme deficiency with a variety of chemotherapeutically treated hematological or nonhematological malignancies (51/118 patients, 43.2%, or 51/170 diagnoses, 30.0%). The prevalence of erythrocytic GSSG‐R deficiency also increased in malnutrition, liver disease, and sepsis. Drugs of the nitrosourea class, particularly BCNU [1, 3‐bis(2‐chloroethyl)‐1‐nitrosourea] are causally implicated in the association of GSSG‐R deficiency with malignancies. Severe or complete GSSG‐R deficiency may handicap host response to infections.
Polycythemia Vera in Nonagenarian
Authors: Shivaji R. Gunale
Journal: JAMA (1974)

POLYCYTHEMIA vera is a disease of unknown origin, characterized by insidious onset, chronic course, and increase in the number of red blood cells (RBC) and total blood volume.<sup>1</sup>All of the patients reported so far in various series<sup>2-5</sup>have been less than 80 years of age. We recently encountered a 96-year-old white woman with polycythemia vera. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 96-year-old white woman of German extraction was admitted to Borgess Hospital, Kalamazoo, Mich, on Jan 15, 1973, because of increasing confusion and fecal and urinary incontinence. She was previously hospitalized in June 1965 for congestive heart failure. In March 1971, she was readmitted to Borgess Hospital because of transient cerebral ischemic attacks and severe osteoarthritis of both knees. The laboratory tests then disclosed the following values: hemoglobin, 16.8 gm/100 ml; RBC, 8.51 million/cu mm; hematocrit, 56.8%; and white blood cells (WBC), 30,400/cu mm with eight band cells,
Abstract 4942: Can three-dimensional cell cultures be used to predict in vivo drug response and synergistic combinations
Authors: Frances A. Brightman, Eric Fernandez, David Orrell, David Fell, Christophe Chassagnole
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The discovery of synergistic combinations of standard-of-care drugs or new chemical or biological entities shows much promise in the treatment of cancer, and there is much interest in this strategy. However, the increasing number of possible combinations makes the task of selecting the best regimens particularly difficult. As a response to this problem, we developed a computerized PK-PD model of a growing tumor, called the Virtual Tumor™. We demonstrated that this platform can successfully simulate the outcome of various drug combination schedules in xenografts, as well as predict optimal drug schedules and combinations. Although xenografts represent a convenient and relatively inexpensive approach to assessing the likely efficacy of proposed dosing regimens in vivo, the number of permutations that can be tested is still limited by practical considerations. We have therefore explored the use of three-dimensional tumor cell cultures (microtissues) as a more cost-effective alternative to xenografts for validating Virtual Tumor™ predictions. Using the Virtual Tumor™, we previously predicted that the efficacy of a gemcitabine-docetaxel combination could vary greatly depending on the scheduling of the drug administration, and verified these findings in vivo in MX-1 xenograft mouse model. We have now conducted a comparable study using MX-1 microtissues, in which the cultures were treated with these same two drugs in isolation or in combination, according to various regimens. Here we show how the microtissue Virtual Tumor™ model can be employed to simulate microtissue growth and response to drug treatment, and the capability of this model to predict drug synergy in vivo in xenografts. Furthermore, we discuss whether microtissues can be used as a surrogate for xenografts, in conjunction with the Virtual Tumor™, for designing new drug regimens, testing possible schedules for combinations of different drugs and prioritizing the most effective drug combinations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4942. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4942
Genetic control of specific immune suppression. III. Mapping of H-2 complex complementing genes controlling immune suppression by the random copolymer L-glutamic acid(50)-L-Tyrosine(50) (GT)
Authors: P Debre, C Waltenbaugh, M Dorf, B Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

Earlier studies from our laboratory demonstrated that the terpolymer of L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, and L-tyrpsine (GAT) stimulated the development of T cells capable of specifically suppressing the antibody responses in vivo and in vitro of nonresponder strains (bearing the H-2(s), H-2(q), and H-2(p) haplotypes) to GAT complexed with an immunogenic carrier, methylated bovine serum albumin, MBSA (1,2). We then extended these findings to another antigen, the copolymer of L-glutamic acid and L-tyrosine (GT). None of 19 inbred or congenic resistant mouse strains developed antibody responses to GT after immunization with this synthetic polypeptide in adjuvants. All the strains investigated, however, developed IgG plaque-forming cells (PFC) primary responses to GT complexed with MBSA (3). This permitted us to determine that: (a) preimmunization with GT suppressed the response to GT-MBSA in certain but not in all strains; (b) the suppression could be transferred by thymocytes and spleen cells from GT-primed animals; (c) the development of GT-specific suppressor cells is under dominant control of H-2- linked gene(s) which have been designated specific immune suppressor genes (Is genes); (d) the Is genes are antigen specific since GAT-MBSA responses are suppressed by GAT in strains carrying the H-2(q) haplotype, while GT-MBSA responses are not suppressed by the related polymer GT in these same strains (3,4). The experiments reported in this study map the Is genes responsible for GT-specific suppression within the H-2 complex. The data indicate that the K and D loci are not concerned with GT-specific suppression, and that this phenomenon is controlled by complementing or interacting genes which map on either side of cross-over events between the IB and IC subregions.
Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: are we going anywhere?
Authors: S Rennard, M. Carrera, A.G.N. Agusti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Naturalistic behavior is highly complex and dynamic. Approaches aiming at understanding how neuronal ensembles generate behavior require robust behavioral quantification in order to correlate the neural activity patterns with behavioral motifs. Here, we present Variational Animal Motion Embedding (VAME), a probabilistic machine learning framework for discovery of the latent structure of animal behavior given an input time series obtained from markerless pose estimation tools. To demonstrate our framework we perform unsupervised behavior phenotyping of APP/PS1 mice, an animal model of Alzheimer disease. Using markerless pose estimates from open-field exploration as input VAME uncovers the distribution of detailed and clearly segmented behavioral motifs. Moreover, we show that the recovered distribution of phenotype-specific motifs can be used to reliably distinguish between APP/PS1 and wildtype mice, while human experts fail to classify the phenotype based on the same video observations. We propose VAME as a versatile and robust tool for unsupervised quantification of behavior across organisms and experimental settings
Oxygen Concentration From Room Air
Authors: Daniel M. Libby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Most oxygen concentrators use molecular sieves that selectively adsorb molecules according to their size and polarity. Their present rental cost is about half that of the traditional oxygen tanks or liquid-oxygen systems. Two concentrators have been tested. They are able to produce both high oxygen concentrations (95% oxygen at 2 L/min) and high flow rates (10 L/min with 40% oxygen), which remained stable for one week. After 24 hours of continuous use, neither machine concentrated toxic gases from room air in a city. Both were suitable for use with 24% and 28% Venturi masks.
Imaging and Sizing of Atrial Septal Defects by Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Godtfred Holmvang, Igor F. Palacios, Gus J. Vlahakes, Robert E. Dinsmore, Stephen W. Miller, Richard R. Liberthson, Peter C. Block, Barbara Ballen, Thomas J. Brady, Howard L. Kantor
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Development of techniques for percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) makes accurate noninvasive sizing of ASDs important for appropriate patient selection. Methods and Results Magnetic resonance (MR) images of ASDs were obtained in 30 patients (mean age, 41±16 years) by both spin-echo and phase-contrast cine MR imaging. Spin-echo images were obtained in two orthogonal views (short-axis and four-chamber) perpendicular to the plane of the ASD. Spin-echo major and minor diameters were measured, and spin-echo defect area was calculated. Phase-contrast cine MR images were obtained in the plane of the ASD, and cine major diameter and defect area were measured from the region of signal enhancement or phase change due to shunt flow across the defect. MR measurements were compared with templates cut during surgery to match the defect or with ASD diameter determined by balloon sizing at catheterization. ASD size measured from cine MR images ( y ) agreed closely with catheterization and template standards ( x ). For major diameter, y =0.78 x +5.7, r =.93, and SEE=3.4 mm. On average, spin-echo measurements overestimated major diameter and area of secundum ASDs by 48% and 125%, respectively. Conclusions Phase-contrast cine MR images acquired in the plane of an ASD define the defect shape by the cross section of the shunt flow stream and allow noninvasive determination of defect size with sufficient accuracy to permit stratification of patients to closure of the defect by catheter-based techniques versus surgery. Spin-echo images, on the other hand, are not adequate for defining ASD size, because septal thinning adjacent to a secundum ASD may appear to be part of the defect.