tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Night-time sedating H1 antihistamine increases daytime somnolence but not treatment efficacy in chronic spontaneous urticaria: a randomized controlled study
Authors: C. Grattan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Night‐time sedating H1 antihistamine increases daytime somnolence but not treatment efficacy in chronic spontaneous urticaria: a randomized controlled study Get access C. Grattan C. Grattan Dermatology Centre Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital Colney NR4 7UY U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 1, 1 July 2014, Pages 8–9, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13112 Published: 01 July 2014
Prognostic Value of Treadmill Exercise Testing
Authors: Veronique L. Roger, Steven J. Jacobsen, Patricia A. Pellikka, Todd D. Miller, Kent R. Bailey, Bernard J. Gersh
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The prognostic value of treadmill exercise testing (TMET) has been studied in selected populations. The generalizability of these data to different populations and to women is uncertain. Methods and Results —A retrospective, population-based cohort study of all persons (1452 men and 741 women) who underwent TMET in years 1987 to 1989 in Olmsted County, Minnesota, was undertaken. Individuals were followed up for all-cause mortality and cardiac events (cardiac deaths, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or congestive heart failure). Sex-specific analyses were performed to determine whether the predictors of outcome and the magnitude of the associations were similar in both sexes. In men, 77 deaths and 106 cardiac events occurred during 8956 person-years of observation; in women, 46 deaths and 54 cardiac events occurred during 4801 person-years of follow-up. Exercise-induced angina, ECG changes, and workload achieved on the TMET were strongly associated with all-cause mortality and cardiac events in both sexes, and the strength of the association was similar. After adjustment, workload was the only TMET variable associated with outcome. A higher workload was associated with a reduction in the risk of cardiac events and of all-cause mortality; the protective effect of exercise capacity was strong and was similar in both sexes. Conclusions —In this population-based cohort, exercise capacity was the TMET variable that exhibited the strongest association with all-cause mortality and cardiac events. This protective effect of exercise capacity was observed in both sexes.
The Challenge of Intracellular Pathogens
Authors: Adel A.F. Mahmoud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

THE survival of intracellular pathogens in the host depends on their ability to avoid being killed before or after they invade mononuclear phagocytes; these cells are critical in this respect. In some circumstances the organisms are able to replicate intracellularly; this results in their dissemination and in disease.1 The phenomenon of facultative intracellular parasitism is found in many classes of infectious agents, including viruses (herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, and the human immunodeficiency virus), bacteria (listeria, legionella, and mycobacteria), fungi (histoplasma and cryptococcus), and protozoa (toxoplasma and leishmania). Despite the marked biologic differences among these organisms, they use a common pathway to establish . . .
Athletic Trauma and Incidental Disease
Authors: Robert V. Condon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THERE has been considerable lay and medical interest in athletic trauma and its incidental disease for many years. The occasional fatal traumatic or medical case in athletics has stimulated medical authorities in attempts to prevent such catastrophes. This paper discusses athletic medical results obtained at Boston College during a five-year period, 1950 to 1955. Nine hundred and twenty athletes participated in varsity competitive football, hockey, track, basketball and baseball. The current collegiate and general medical literature on athletics has been reviewed.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ScreeningThe athletic-team physician at Boston College is responsible to the faculty chairman of the Athletic Board. The Athletic . . .
A COMPARISON OF THREE ELECTRICAL METHODS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL HYPERTHERMIA
Authors: FRANCIS W. BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1935)

There has been considerable interest of late in various methods of producing artificial hyperthermia in patients. A comparison of three available "electrical" methods was undertaken in this laboratory in order to study the specific effects, if any, to simplify the procedures used and to reduce the cost of installation and operation of the equipment, if possible. Various workers have reported the use of (<i>a</i>) hot baths,<sup>1</sup>(<i>b</i>) "diathermy currents" (1,000 kilocycles<sup>2</sup>), (<i>c</i>) radiothermy (10,000 kilocycles<sup>3</sup>), (<i>d</i>) enclosed bags containing heaters,<sup>2e</sup>and other methods. Many physicians have utilized chemicals or bacterial products for producing fever. Malaria has had a wide usage, mainly because of the apparent simplicity of the clinical procedure. Careful observation of the latter method, however, has demonstrated many of the concurrent physiologic changes common to all methods (blood pressure fall, cardiac or respiratory embarrassment and the like). There are some disadvantageous after-effects of the
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Ofloxacin-Piperacillin and Amikacin-Piperacillin in Immunodepressed Febrile Neutropenic Patients
Authors: J.L. Harousseau, J.P. Lamagnere, M. Boasson, D. Guyotat, P. Moreau, C. Linassier, S. Levy
Journal: Drugs (1993)
Treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis: a randomized, bouble-blind trial of heparinoid cream.
Authors: P P Mehta, S Sagar, V V Kakkar
Journal: BMJ (1975)

In a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial the efficacy of a heparinoid in ointment form was assessed in treating superficial thrombophlebitis developing after continuous intravenous infusion. One hundred surgical patients were studied, and clinical examination and the iodine-125-labelled fibrinogen test used to assess the results. The mean time required for the relief of local symptoms and signs and the rate of local decline in radioactivity differed significantly between patients receiving the heparinoid cream and those recieving the placebo.
Contact dermatitis to hair dyes in a Danish adult population: an interview-based study
Authors: H. Sosted, U. Hesse, T. Menne, K.E. Andersen, J.D. Johansen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Contact allergy to hair dye ingredients is a well‐known entity seen both in consumers using hair dyes and among hairdressers with occupational contact dermatitis. Surveys show that consumers with even severe adverse skin reactions to hair dyes only rarely contact the healthcare services. The frequency of hair dye‐induced skin reactions in the consumer population is unknown. Objectives An epidemiological investigation with the aim of establishing the proportion of hair dye‐induced skin reactions was performed in a population‐based sample. Methods A representative random sample (n = 4000) was taken of the Danish adult population. Personal interview questions were asked regarding adverse skin reactions to hair dyes, either compatible with a classical allergic eczematous reaction with redness, scaling and itching or a severe allergic reaction with oedema of the forehead and face. The response rate was 65·2%. Results A total of 18·4% of the male respondents and 74·9% of the female respondents had at some point dyed their hair. The median age at first hair dyeing was 16 years (range 1–80). Adverse skin reactions to hair dyes compatible with an allergic reaction were reported in 5·3% of individuals who had ever used hair dye. Of these, only 15·6% had been in contact with healthcare services after the hair dye reaction. Having had a temporary tattoo was not a significant risk factor for an adverse reaction to hair dyes. Conclusions The rate of adverse allergic skin reactions to hair dyes was higher than expected from patch‐test studies. Only by studying the clinical types of adverse reactions to hair dyes will it be possible to gather a complete epidemiological picture of the nature and extent of the problems related to hair dye ingredients.
Michael Samuel Sanders
Authors: P. A. Sanders, V. R. Sanders, R. C. Berry
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Michael Samuel Sanders (formerly Salinsky) was born on 20 January 1925, the eldest of three sons of Manny and Florrie Salinsky, of Leeds. All of the three brothers became doctors (Kenneth and John in London, and Michael in Yorkshire).

As a very young child Michael decided he was going to be a doctor, perhaps because he saw emergency medical treatment at first hand for his own severe asthma and eczema, and from then onwards he never wanted to have any other career.

Aged 23 he qualified as a doctor from Leeds Medical School, at the beginning of the NHS. He continued his training at hospitals in Dewsbury, Huddersfield, and Barnsley.

His love of the sea tempted him to become a ship’s surgeon, making a few Scandinavian trips from Hull on a small passenger cargo vessel called the Borodino, which belonged to Ellerman’s Wilson Line. On one of these trips he rather unusually became the main patient when he contracted mumps.

After this he decided to settle down into general practice, becoming a trainee in Leeds before being selected to start up a brand new practice of his own on the newly constructed Bilton Grange housing estate in East Hull in 1952. In the same year he married Patricia Hill (Pat), a marriage that lasted for almost 60 years.

He was on call day and night non-stop in the early years as a single handed GP. He had only an occasional weekend off, by making a reciprocal arrangement with a neighbouring …
Effectiveness, efficiency, and NICE
Authors: M. Sculpher
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) was established in England and Wales in 1999 to “provide guidance to the NHS on the use of selected new and established technologies.”1 NICE synthesises evidence on the effectiveness and cost of treatments and reaches “a judgment as to whether, on balance, the intervention can be recommended as a cost-effective use of NHS resources.”1 How has the institute measured up to these ambitious goals, and what has been learnt about the demands of an explicit process for assessing health technology?

The institute attracted attention from the international media with its first judgment that “health professionals should not prescribe zanamivir (Relenza) during the 1999/2000 influenza season.”2 The additional cost to the NHS would have been about £10m ($15m) for the benefit of reducing episodes of flu from six days to five. Although subsequently revised,3 the decision showed that the institute has teeth and is prepared to bite even home grown drug companies like GlaxoWellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline). In some places, such as Australia4 and Ontario, Canada,5 pharmaceutical companies must prove that their products are cost effective before they can be reimbursed by the government. Although NICE operates differently in that it does not automatically assess new products and …
Points from Letters: Colour Disturbance as a Symptom
Authors: G. R. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1975)

autonomy, heads of departments may be able, for example, to finance replacement equipment from money saved during periods when there are unfilled posts in a department.It might also make more sense to use cheaper analytical methods and reagents.Such. a policy might enable a measure of Mr. Crossman's redeployment of money to take place without crippling the existing service.However, only departmental man- agers can make their services more efficient.It cannot be properly or safely done by remote administrators making arbitrary and swingeing cuts based on ill-conceived ideas or inadequate information.If financial stringency is to be the com- pulsory order of the day it should be applied impartially throughout the N.H.S.Let us renmember that few ordinary doctors have ever been convinced of the need for the new enlarged administration required to run the Health Service reorganization.In some areas of activity the region now wields more power than it did before 1 April 1974, and the area is left like a castrato tenor warbling in- effectually between the baritone soloist at the district and the bass obligato at the region.The new management system has yet to prove both its own effectiveness and cost- benefit to the community.Perhaps some of these less than essential gentlemen should recll Cromwell's famous assessment of the Rump
Book Review The Medical Malpractice Myth By Tom Baker. 214 pp. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2005. $22.50. 0-226-03648-0 How to Become a Dangerous Expert Witness: Advanced Techniques and Strategies By Steven Babitsky and James J. Mangraviti, Jr. 433 pp. Falmouth, Mass., SEAK, 2005. $99.95. 1-892904-27-6
Authors: Martin E. Gordon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
HCV recurrence after OLT: no influence of donor age or sex mismatch on fibrosis — a prospectively biopsied cohort
Authors: Rosangela Teixeira, George Papatheodoridis, Maria Luisa Raimondo, Caroline Sabin, Sue Davis, Amir Dillon, Lucy Dagher, Sabrina Pastacaldi, Brian Davidson, Keith Rolles, David Patch, Andrew Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
THE TECHNIC FOR SEALING MEDICATION IN THE URETHRAL CANAL
Authors: EDGAR G. BALLENGER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The advantages of prolonged applications of suitable remedies to inflamed mucous surfaces are well known. As a method of securing these advantages as soon as the treatment of a new case of urethritis is begun, and as a prophylactic measure, we have sealed medicament in the urethral canal with collodion. So satisfactory have been our results in the past twelve years that we desire to describe briefly the technic employed and the indications for its use. <h3>TECHNIC</h3> The patient should be placed in a reclining posture. The penis should be washed and dried, then surrounded with a sterile towel. A syringe holding 25 minims is used to inject this amount of medicament into the urethra. A larger amount does not seem to give any better results and is more likely not to be held in the urethra for the necessary time. Next, the canal is compressed with the left hand
Abstract 5405: Limiting glucose availability with metformin increased reactive oxygen species, decreased cell survival, and promoted apoptosis in human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: Guang Yan, Theresa Freeman, Susan Lanza-Jacoby
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Recently, we found that calorie restriction (CR) protected K-ras G12D; Pdx-1Cre mice against the progression of advanced PanIn lesions and pancreatic cancer. Since CR limits glucose availability, the CR mimetic metformin is also potential approach to prevent pancreatic cancer. Recent studies found that metformin reduced the incidence of pancreatic cancer in diabetic patients. However, it is not clear how metformin promotes the anticancer effects. One potential mechanism is by altering reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy. In this in vitro study, we explore the role of ROS and autophagy in mediating the growth-inhibitory effects of metformin by treating pancreatic cancer cells and normal pancreatic ductal cells with metformin. Methods: We acclimated MiaPaca and KP mouse pancreatic tumor cells from K-ras G12D; Pdx-1Cre mice to physiological concentrations of glucose and then treated cells cells with metformin with and without the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) for 24h. Cell viability, ROS production, and apoptosis were measured. Results: Metformin decreased viability of MiaPaca and KP cells in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison to untreated cells; metformin did not have any effect in HPNE human pancreatic normal epithelial cells. Pretreating MiaPaca and KP cells with NAC increase survival and decreased apoptosis, which suggests that ROS promotes the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic effect of metformin. Metformin increased ROS formation in MiaPaca and KP cells but not in HPNE cells. Cell survival increased and apoptosis decreased when MiaPaca cells were pretreated with chloroquine. Our findings suggest that ROS and autophagy may mediate the cytotoxic effects of metformin in MiaPaca and KP pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusion: In summary, metformin may be a potential chemoprevention agent against pancreatic cancer without cytotoxic effects in normal pancreatic ductal cells. Citation Format: Guang Yan, Theresa Freeman, Susan Lanza-Jacoby. Limiting glucose availability with metformin increased reactive oxygen species, decreased cell survival, and promoted apoptosis in human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5405. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5405
Simultaneous Adrenal and Cardiac G-Protein–Coupled Receptor-Gβγ Inhibition Halts Heart Failure Progression
Authors: Fadia A. Kamal, Deanne M. Mickelsen, Katherine M. Wegman, Joshua G. Travers, Jacob Moalem, Stephen R. Hammes, Alan V. Smrcka, Burns C. Blaxall
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM 1, 25(OH)2 D AND NON-CALCIFIED AND CALCIFIED CORONARY ARTERY PLAQUE VOLUME IN ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS WITH FAMILY HISTORY OF EARLY ONSET CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: FINDINGS FROM THE GENESTAR COHORT
Authors: Muhammad Amer, Rehan Qayyum, Lisa Yanek, Taryn Moy, Diane Becker, Lewis Becker, Brian Kral
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study
Authors: Julia Granerod, Helen E Ambrose, Nicholas WS Davies, Jonathan P Clewley, Amanda L Walsh, Dilys Morgan, Richard Cunningham, Mark Zuckerman, Ken J Mutton, Tom Solomon, Katherine N Ward, Michael PT Lunn, Sarosh R Irani, Angela Vincent, David WG Brown, Natasha S Crowcroft
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2010)

Encephalitis has many causes, but for most patients the cause is unknown. We aimed to establish the cause and identify the clinical differences between causes in patients with encephalitis in England.Patients of all ages and with symptoms suggestive of encephalitis were actively recruited for 2 years (staged start between October, 2005, and November, 2006) from 24 hospitals by clinical staff. Systematic laboratory testing included PCR and antibody assays for all commonly recognised causes of infectious encephalitis, investigation for less commonly recognised causes in immunocompromised patients, and testing for travel-related causes if indicated. We also tested for non-infectious causes for acute encephalitis including autoimmunity. A multidisciplinary expert team reviewed clinical presentation and hospital tests and directed further investigations. Patients were followed up for 6 months after discharge from hospital.We identified 203 patients with encephalitis. Median age was 30 years (range 0-87). 86 patients (42%, 95% CI 35-49) had infectious causes, including 38 (19%, 14-25) herpes simplex virus, ten (5%, 2-9) varicella zoster virus, and ten (5%, 2-9) Mycobacterium tuberculosis; 75 (37%, 30-44) had unknown causes. 42 patients (21%, 15-27) had acute immune-mediated encephalitis. 24 patients (12%, 8-17) died, with higher case fatality for infections from M tuberculosis (three patients; 30%, 7-65) and varicella zoster virus (two patients; 20%, 2-56). The 16 patients with antibody-associated encephalitis had the worst outcome of all groups-nine (56%, 30-80) either died or had severe disabilities. Patients who died were more likely to be immunocompromised than were those who survived (OR = 3·44).Early diagnosis of encephalitis is crucial to ensure that the right treatment is given on time. Extensive testing substantially reduced the proportion with unknown cause, but the proportion of cases with unknown cause was higher than that for any specific identified cause.The Policy Research Programme, Department of Health, UK.
Apolipoprotein CIISt. Michael. Familial apolipoprotein CII deficiency associated with premature vascular disease.
Authors: P W Connelly, G F Maguire, J A Little
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

A 60-yr-old woman and her brother, products of a consanquinous mating, were chylomicronemic. The chylomicronemia in both subjects was found to be due to the absence of functional apoCII. A mutant form, designated apoCIISt. Michael (apoCIIs), was identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis and Western blot using anti-apoCII antiserum. The isoelectric point of apoCIIs was similar to that of normal apoCII, but its apparent molecular weight was 3,000 greater. Tryptic peptides of apoCIIs were identified that had retention times in reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography and amino acid compositions indistinguishable from that of residues 1 to 48 and 51 to 55 of normal apoCII. The complete sequence of apoCIIs was deduced from a combination of the sequence analysis of tryptic peptides corresponding to residues 56 through 96 and the known sequence of the apoCII gene. ApoCIIs differed from apoCII at residue 70 where Gln70 was replaced by Pro70 and the sequence terminated with Pro96. This is consistent with a base insertion in the codon for Asp69 or Gln70 in the apoCII gene and a subsequent translation reading frame shift. Both patients were homozygous for apoE-4. This and the absence of normal apoCII is consistent with homozygozity at the apoE-CII gene locus on chromosome 19. Both siblings and several relatives had premature ischemic vascular disease, in contrast with its apparent absence in other apoCII-deficient families.
INITIAL RESULT OF PLAIN OLD BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY FOR IN-STENT RESTENOSIS LESION ACCORDING TO THE TISSUE ASSESSMENT BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Shingo Hosogi, Hayato Shimizu, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yasushi Fuku, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Satoki Fujii, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazushige Kadota, Kazuaki Mitsudo, Atsushi Hirohata, Yoshihiro Imai, Hiroyuki Okura, Ryotaro Yamada, Yoshikazu Hiasa, Shinichiro Miyazaki, Takefumi Takahashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Pharmacies and Prevention of Potentially Fatal Drug Interactions
Authors: Nicholas John Cavuto
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Bates and colleagues<sup>1</sup>reported that 28% of adverse drug events in a hospital setting were preventable, and Dr Leape and colleagues<sup>2</sup>identified failure in the dissemination of drug knowledge as being the most common cause of these errors. Outside the hospital, the pharmacist is the last line of defense to protect the patient from prescribing errors. We examined how successful pharmacies are in detecting and correcting physician errors. The Food and Drug Administration determined that concomitant use of terfenadine with drugs known to inhibit hepatic metabolism, such as ketoconazole and erythromycin, was a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, and cardiac arrest.<sup>3</sup>This information is included in the product labeling of terfenadine, erythromycin, and ketoconazole. In July 1992, Marion Merrell Dow, Inc, distributed "Dear Doctor" and "Dear Pharmacist" letters, warning about the above drug interactions (oral communication, Marion Merrell Dow, Inc). To assess