tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of 13 cytokine gene polymorphisms in Chinese major trauma patients
Authors: Wei Gu, Ling Zeng, Jian Zhou, Dong-po Jiang, Lianyang Zhang, Ding-yuan Du, Ping Hu, Kehong Chen, Qin Liu, Zheng-guo Wang, Jian-xin Jiang
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Maternal-foetal epigenetic interactions in the beginning of cardiovascular damage
Authors: C. Napoli, T. Infante, A. Casamassimi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Several studies indicate that impaired foetal growth, and in utero exposure to risk factors, especially maternal hypercholesterolaemia, may be relevant for the early onset of cardiovascular damage. The exact molecular mechanisms of such foetal programming are still unclear. Epigenetics may represent one of the possible scientific explanations of the impact of such intrauterine risk factors for the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during adulthood. Translational studies support this hypothesis; however, a direct causality in humans has not been ascertained. This hypothesis could be investigated in primates and in human post-mortem foetal arteries. Importantly, some studies also suggest the transgenerational transmission of epigenetic risk. The recently launched International Human Epigenome Consortium and the NIH Roadmap Epigenomics Mapping Consortium will provide the rationale for a useful clinical scenario for primary prevention and therapy of CVD. Despite the heritable nature of epigenetic modification, the clinically relevant information shows that it could be reversible through therapeutic approaches, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, and commonly used drugs such as statins.
Patients With Next-of-Kin Relationships Outside the Nuclear Family
Authors: Andrew B. Cohen, Mark Trentalange, Terri Fried
Journal: JAMA (2015)

For patients who lose capacity and have no legally appointed surrogate decision maker, most states have laws that specify a hierarchy of persons who may serve as surrogate decision makers by default.1 A patient’s spouse is usually given priority, followed by adult children, parents, and siblings.
Complete Plastid Genome Sequences of Three Rosids (Castanea, Prunus, Theobroma): Evidence for At Least Two Independent Transfers of rpl22 to the Nucleus
Authors: R. K. Jansen, C. Saski, S.-B. Lee, A. K. Hansen, H. Daniell
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Functional gene transfer from the plastid to the nucleus is rare among land plants despite evidence that DNA transfer to the nucleus is relatively frequent. During the course of sequencing plastid genomes from representative species from three rosid genera (Castanea, Prunus, Theobroma) and ongoing projects focusing on the Fagaceae and Passifloraceae, we identified putative losses of rpl22 in these two angiosperm families. We further characterized rpl22 from three species of Passiflora and one species of Quercus and identified sequences that likely represent pseudogenes. In Castanea and Quercus, both members of the Fagaceae, we identified a nuclear copy of rpl22, which consisted of two exons separated by an intron. Exon 1 encodes a transit peptide that likely targets the protein product back to the plastid and exon 2 encodes rpl22. We performed phylogenetic analyses of 97 taxa, including 93 angiosperms and four gymnosperm outgroups using alignments of 81 plastid genes to examine the phylogenetic distribution of rpl22 loss and transfer to the nucleus. Our results indicate that within rosids there have been independent transfers of rpl22 to the nucleus in Fabaceae and Fagaceae and a putative third transfer in Passiflora. The high level of sequence divergence between the transit peptides in Fabaceae and Fagaceae strongly suggest that these represent independent transfers. Furthermore, Blast searches did not identify the "donor" genes of the transit peptides, suggesting a de novo origin. We also performed phylogenetic analyses of rpl22 for 87 angiosperms and four gymnosperms, including nuclear-encoded copies for five species of Fabaceae and Fagaceae. The resulting trees indicated that the transfer of rpl22 to the nucleus does not predate the origin of angiosperms as suggested in an earlier study. Using previously published angiosperm divergence time estimates, we suggest that these transfers occurred approximately 56–58, 34–37, and 26–27 Ma for the Fabaceae, Fagaceae, and Passifloraceae, respectively.
Abstract A12: Identification of microRNA-based therapeutic candidates using a unique lentiviral microRNA overexpression library
Authors: Paula I. van Noort, Negar Babae, Gerald W. Verhaegh, Willemijn M. Gommans, Francesco Cerisoli, Mark Verheul, Raymond M. Schiffelers, Arjan W. Griffioen, Jack A. Schalken, Eugene Berezikov, Edwin Cuppen, Roel Q. J. Schaapveld, Jos B. Poell, Gregoire P. Prevost, Meriem Bourajjaj, Suzanna Vidic, Judy R. van Beijnum, Rick J. van Haastert, Iman Schultz, Thijs de Gunt, Onno van Hooij
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract microRNA (miRNA) genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II generate small noncoding miRNAs of 18 to 24 nucleotides after maturation process. The mature miRNAs and their associated isomirs specifically bind to different mRNA transcripts, resulting in down regulation of multiple genes within the cell in a highly multiplexed way. miRNA expression profiles differ between human cell types suggesting cell-specific impacts of each miRNA on the regulation of different biological processes. Comparison of miRNA profiles of tumor samples and adjacent normal tissues showed that some miRNAs are up- or down- regulated and suggested their implication during tumor progression. However, such a miRNA profiling approach is not sufficient to identify the respective role of each miRNA gene during the tumorigenesis. Here, to assess the individual role of each miRNA gene and its different isomirs in a specific cell environment, we have constructed a lentiviral miRNA expression library containing more than 1100 human known and novel miRNA precursors. The arrayed layout of our library allowed high-throughput screens with a large spectrum of functional read-outs using either normal or tumor cells. To exemplify this approach, the results of three different screens will be presented; i.e. identification of miRNAs that inhibit the BRAF pathway, miRNAs that inhibit tumor angiogenesis and miRNAs that stimulate the mesenchymal to epithelial transition. In addition, beyond this hit identification step, we will present detailed characterization of the role of the identified miRNAs in tumor progression by means of molecular and cellular functional assays. Combining our unique miRNA expression library with a functional screening platform has allowed the identification and the further characterization of several miRNAs able to significantly impact on tumor behavior supporting the therapeutic interest of some candidates. Citation Format: Paula I. van Noort, Negar Babae, Gerald W. Verhaegh, Willemijn M. Gommans, Francesco Cerisoli, Mark Verheul, Raymond M. Schiffelers, Arjan W. Griffioen, Jack A. Schalken, Eugene Berezikov, Edwin Cuppen, Roel Q. J. Schaapveld, Jos B. Poell, Gregoire P. Prevost, Meriem Bourajjaj, Suzanna Vidic, Judy R. van Beijnum, Rick J. van Haastert, Iman Schultz, Thijs de Gunt, Onno van Hooij. Identification of microRNA-based therapeutic candidates using a unique lentiviral microRNA overexpression library [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A12.
Uremia-related vascular calcification: More than apatite deposition
Authors: S.C. Verberckmoes, V. Persy, G.J. Behets, E. Neven, A. Hufkens, H. Zebger-Gong, D. Müller, D. Haffner, U. Querfeld, S. Bohic, M.E. De Broe, P.C. D'Haese
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Photographic Atlas of Civil War Injuries: Photographs of Surgical Cases and Specimens, Otis Historical Archives
Authors: Everett R. Rhoades
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The chief task of Dr William Alexander Hammond, the newly appointed Union Army Surgeon General in 1862, was to create a functioning medical corps. His many tasks included acquisition of knowledge about the new and more devastating injuries associated with advances in warfare. In doing so, he established the Military Medical Museum and collected specimens from field medical officers "along with projectiles and foreign bodies removed" and "other such matters that might be thought to be useful for the study of military medicine or surgery." From these, and certain other contributions, Dr George Alexander Otis, who succeeded to the directorship of the museum, created four photographic collections: surgical, medical, microscopical, and anatomical.<i>Photographic Atlas of Civil War Injuries</i>is a republication of museum photographs of injuries that have "not been widely available for more than a hundred years." "a useful reminder of the extent to which modern medicine has progressed
The problems of fundholding
Authors: S. Stewart-Brown, S. Gillam, T. Jewell
Journal: BMJ (1996)

General practitioner fundholding is not the unqualified success that the British government would have us believe.That is the verdict of Britain's Audit Commission, which has recently reported the results of a major investigation into fundholding.'A research team from the commission surveyed all known fund and practice managers in 1994-5 and one in five fundholders in 1995-6.They also surveyed some of the larger non-fundholding practices.They analysed financial returns and audited fundholders' accounts.They searched the literature for studies related to fundholding.They made site visits to a large number of fundholding practices, family health services authorities, district health authorities, and trusts to collect qualitative data.The report confirms the success of fundholding in reducing waiting times and outpatient follow up visits.Many fundholding practices report better communication with hospital serv- ices, more "primary care friendly" pathology and radiology services, and the development of practice based services for physiotherapy, dietetics, chiropody, psychiatric nursing, and psychology.Many fundholding practices made savings on their drugs budgets in their first fundholding year, but the effect was not maintained.Although fundholders generally spent less on drugs than non-fundholders, these differences may have predated fundholding.The report does not present the material that the research team collected for non-fundholders.This information is essential if we are to be confident that the changes are attribut- able to fundholding rather than to other influences.Reduced
The Hot Bath Test in the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Amir S. Malhotra
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The sensitivity and specificity of the hot bath test in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) were studied. New neurological signs developed in 60% of the patients with MS. Such changes were not observed in control subjects. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1113-1114)
Psoriasis Provoked or Exacerbated by Medications
Authors: April W. Armstrong
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Use of a designer triple expression hybrid clone for three different lipoyl domain for the detection of antimitochondrial autoantibodies
Authors: S Moteki, P S Leung, R L Coppel, E R Dickson, M M Kaplan, S Munoz, M E Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The detection of antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMAs) is critical in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). However, conventional laboratory assays to detect AMA are dependent on the time–consuming method of immunofluorescence microscopy, a method often plagued by problems of nonspecificity. AMAs react against mitochondrial autoantigens including the E2 components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC–E2), the branched–chain 2–oxo–acid dehydrogenase complex (BCOADC–E2), and the 2–oxo–glutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC–E2). Interestingly, the immunodominant epitopes of PDC–E2, BCOADC–E2, and OGDC–E2 are all conformational lipoate binding sites, but antibodies against them do not cross–react. Although 80% to 90% of sera from patients with PBC react to PDC–E2, approximately 10% patients with PBC react only to BCOADC–E2 and/or OGDC–E2. We have taken advantage of our epitope–mapping studies of the E2 components of PDC, BCOADC, and OGDC, and constructed a “designer” hybrid clone, designated as pML–MIT3, that coexpresses the immunodominant epitopes within the three distinct lipoyl domains. We examined a total of 321 sera, including 186 sera from patients with PBC, to test the immunoreactivity of pMIT3. Of 186 sera from patients with PBC, 152 sera (81.7%) reacted with recombinant fusion protein of PDC–E2, whereas 171 sera (91.9%) showed positive reactivities when probed by immunoblotting against the recombinant fusion protein expressed from the pML–MIT3 clone. Of 34 PBC sera that did not react with recombinant PDC–E2, 18 sera contained BCOADC–E2–specific AMA and 1 serum possessed only OGDC–E2–specific AMA. We also developed an enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using affinity–purified recombinant fusion protein of pML–MIT3 clone as the antigen source, to quantify specific AMAs in patients with PBC. None of the 135 control sera from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), chronic autoimmune hepatitis (CAH), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or healthy volunteers showed significant reactivity against pML–MIT3 recombinant fusion protein in the ELISA assay. Our results indicate that an ELISA using recombinant, cloned autoantigen of pML–MIT3 is a powerful and very specific method for the detection of AMA.
Demonstration of Cytomegalovirus in Semen
Authors: David J. Lang, John F. Kummer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) infections of the female genital tract are common during pregnancy and probably represent an important source of neonatal infections.1 2 3 With recognition of CMV infections of the cervix, it has been speculated that venereal acquisition and transmission of this virus may occur.4 Venereal transmission from male to female may reflect CMV infection anywhere within the male urogenital tract.Most congenital CMV infections are followed by a protracted if not a permanent viruria.5 Some postnatally acquired CMV infections are also followed by prolonged active excretion of the virus in urine.6 In the presence of viruria, semen passing through the male . . .
Short term effects of intravenous pulses of cyclophosphamide in the treatment of connective tissue disease crisis.
Authors: H J Haga, D D'Cruz, R Asherson, G R Hughes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

A predominantly outpatient regimen of low dose intravenous cyclophosphamide was used to treat patients with serious progressive connective tissue diseases. Fifty five patients were treated with a total of 211 intravenous pulses of cyclophosphamide. Forty five patients had previously shown no response to a variety of other treatments. Low dose intravenous cyclophosphamide (500 mg) was given in 179 pulses and repeated pulses were given in most patients at weekly intervals for one to three weeks to induce disease remission. A good response was noted in 37 of 55 (67%) patients assessed four weeks after the pulses. Only 20 patients needed more than one such course of three pulses of intravenous cyclophosphamide during the observation period. The non-responders were characterised by longstanding disease and irreversible histological findings in renal and muscle biopsy samples. Patients with vasculitis, notably Wegener's granulomatosis, showed the most immediate response, and in most patients the amount of corticosteroids required was markedly reduced. In some patients steroids were completely stopped during the follow up period. The most striking observation of this effective but more conservative regimen was the low incidence of major side effects such as neutropenia and infections. It is concluded that low dose pulses of intravenous cyclophosphamide are well tolerated and are an effective treatment for patients with aggressive connective tissue diseases.
Convulsive Disorder as Initial Manifestation of Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Margaret M. Waddington
Journal: JAMA (1965)

PRIMARY OVARIAN CARCINOMA rarely metastasizes to the central nervous system. The following case is reported because of its unusual features. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>History.—</h3> On July 20, 1963, a 28-year-old white married housewife, had a first attack characterized by inappropriate giggling and laughter lasting three or four minutes, followed by sudden stiffening of her entire body. She lost consciousness for an estimated 10 to 15 minutes. Afterwards, she felt tired, sleepy, and weak. This episode was witnessed by her husband, who took her to the family physician. Examination results were reported as essentially normal. Phenobarbital in the dosage of 30 mg four times a day was prescribed. An electroencephalogram done Aug 9, 1963, was reported to be abnormal because of the presence of a slow-frequency discharge in the anterior half of the left hemisphere, mainly in the left anterior temporal region. The patient discontinued medication because of vomiting and
A Study of the Cough Reflex in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Benjamin D. M. Hope-Gill, Simon Hilldrup, Christine Davies, Russell P. Newton, Nicholas K. Harrison
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Little is known about the pathogenesis of cough in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We hypothesized that abnormalities of respiratory tract tachykinin-containing sensory nerves may be implicated. We studied cough response to capsaicin, substance P (SP), and bradykinin in 10 healthy control subjects and 10 patients with IPF. Six patients were tested before and after steroid therapy. Induced sputum cell counts and neurotrophic factor levels were also measured in 13 patients and 13 control subjects. The results show that cough sensitivity to capsaicin was greater in patients (p < 0.01). Neither SP nor bradykinin induced cough in normal subjects. SP and bradykinin induced cough in 7/10 patients (p < 0.002) and 2/10 patients (not significant) with IPF, respectively. Prednisolone caused a reduction in cough sensitivity to capsaicin (p < 0.05) and SP (p < 0.05) in all six patients treated. There were significantly more neutrophils (p = 0.001) and higher levels of nerve growth factor (p < 0.01) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01) in patient's sputa. These findings suggest functional upregulation of lung sensory neurones in IPF. The cough response to inhaled SP in most patients may reflect disrupted respiratory epithelium. The response to corticosteroids demonstrates that the cough is amenable to therapy.
Incidence of swine flu in England continues to fall, but winter surge is predicted
Authors: N. Siva
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The number of new cases of A/H1N1 influenza reported in England continues to fall, but the government forecasts a sharp rise in cases during the winter months. The number of new cases of swine flu in the week ending 16 August was estimated to be 11 000, a substantial reduction on the figure of 110 000 new cases that the government estimated at the end of July.

GP consultation rates for flu-like illness are also continuing to fall, as is the number of calls to the National Pandemic Flu Service hotline.

Since …
Significance of Thymidylate Synthase and Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 Expression in Patients with Nonsquamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Pemetrexed-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Jong-Mu Sun, Joungho Han, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)

This study is to evaluate whether thymidylate synthase (TS) or thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) protein expression can predict clinical outcomes for pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in patients with nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Two hundred eighty-five consecutive patients with nonsquamous NSCLC treated with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expressions of TS and TTF1.TS and TTF1 expression were successfully analyzed in 193 and 284 cases, respectively. Tumors with TS-negativity or TTF1-positivity were more frequent in patients who were female, younger, had adenocarcinoma, or had never smoked. Higher response rates for pemetrexed-based chemotherapy were associated with TS-negativity (33.7% versus 14.1%, p = 0.002) and TTF1-positivity (28.1% versus 9.8%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, progression-free survival for pemetrexed-based chemotherapy was significantly longer in groups with adenocarcinoma (2.9 versus 1.4 months, p = 0.001), TS-negativity (4.1 versus 2.0 months, p = 0.001), and TTF1-positivity (3.8 versus 1.3 months, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, TS-negativity (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.97) and TTF1-positivity (HR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35-0.73) were associated with longer progression-free survival. Patients with TTF1-positive tumors also had significantly longer overall survival times than patients with TTF1-negative tumors (25.4 versus 14.2 months, HR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.39-0.77).Low TS or high TTF1 protein expression was significantly associated with better clinical outcomes in nonsquamous NSCLC patients who were treated with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. The predictive role of TS or TTF1 expression should be further validated in a prospective randomized study.
HSV-1 VP22 augments adenoviral gene transfer to CNS neurons in the retina and striatum in vivo
Authors: A Kretz, W.A Wybranietz, S Hermening, U.M Lauer, S Isenmann
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

One of the obstacles to efficient vector-mediated gene transfer to the CNS is limited transduction of target neurons. The VP22 tegument protein of HSV-1 can cross biological membranes and translocate the VP22 protein from primarily transfected cells to many surrounding cells in vitro. Here, we employed an adenoviral vector coding for a VP22–GFP fusion protein driven by a CMV promoter to test its capability of transducing CNS neurons in vivo. Intraocular administration of Ad.VP22-GFP in the rat doubled both the retinal area containing transduced, GFP-expressing cells and the absolute number of GFP-expressing retinal neurons compared to Ad.GFP transduction. Following injection of Ad.VP22-GFP into the mouse brain, the transduced striatal area was increased by a factor of 7 compared to intracerebral injection of Ad.GFP. In both retina and striatum, GFP-expressing cells were identified as mainly neurons. Thus, VP22 greatly augments adenovirus-mediated transgene delivery to CNS neuronsin vivo, making VP22 a promising tool for enhancing the efficacy of adenoviral gene transfer of protective factors to the CNS.