tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Prognostic Significance of Right Bundle-Branch Block in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Antonio Melgarejo-Moreno, Jose Galcerá-Tomás, Arcadio García-Alberola, Mariano Valdés-Chavarri, Francisco J. Castillo-Soria, Enrique Mira-Sánchez, Javier Gil-Sánchez, Jose Allegue-Gallego
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Whereas the significance of right bundle-branch block (RBBB) in acute myocardial infarction was extensively studied in the prethrombolytic era, a possible change in the overall incidence and meaning of RBBB as a consequence of thrombolytic therapy is not well known. Methods and Results A multicenter, prospective study of 1238 patients consecutively diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and admitted to three coronary care units was conducted. ECGs during the acute phase and clinical events until discharge and 1-year follow-up were monitored. In the 135 (10.9%) patients in whom RBBB was found, there were 51 (37.8%) new cases, 46 (34.1%) old cases, and 38 (28.1%) cases with an indeterminate time of origin. New RBBB was permanent in 26 and transient in 25 patients. RBBB was isolated in 76 (56%) and bifascicular in the remaining 59 (44%) patients. The following complications were more frequently associated with RBBB than non-RBBB patients: heart failure, 24% versus 46% ( P &lt;.001); use of pacemaker because of atrioventricular block, 3.6% versus 11% ( P &lt;.001); and 1-year mortality, 17.6% versus 40.7% ( P &lt;.001). Early mortality was significantly higher for new RBBB (43.1%, P &lt;.001) than for old (15.5%) and indeterminate (15.3%) RBBB. These figures for 1-year mortality were 58.8% ( P &lt;.001), 35.5 ( P &lt;.01), and 23% (NS), respectively. Permanent and transient RBBB had different mortality rates: early mortality, 76% versus 8%, and 1-year mortality, 84% versus 32% ( P &lt;.001 for both). For isolated RBBB versus bifascicular block, early mortality was 14.4% versus 40.6%, and 1-year mortality was 30.2% versus 54.2% ( P &lt;.05 for both). Multivariate analysis showed an independent prognostic value of RBBB for early and 1-year mortality. Conclusions The overall meaning of RBBB in acute myocardial infarction has not changed in the thrombolytic era, although a higher rate of new and transient RBBB and a lower rate of bifascicular block may represent a beneficial effect of thrombolytic therapy.
Behavioral teratology of ethylene glycol monomethyl and monoethyl ethers.
Authors: B K Nelson, W S Brightwell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

A recent addition to the field of teratology has been the inclusion of functional assessment techniques of offspring after prenatal exposure to exogenous agents. The present paper reviews the behavioral teratogenic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME, 2-methoxyethanol) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE, 2-ethoxyethanol). Groups of 15 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed via inhalation to 25 ppm EGME or to 100 ppm EGEE on gestation days 7 to 13 or 14 to 20. An equal number of sham-exposed controls were included for both periods of gestation. The only effect noted in the maternal animals was a slightly prolonged gestation in the group exposed to 100 ppm EGEE on days 14 to 20. Litters were culled to four female and four male pups on the day of birth. Pups of each sex from all litters were tested on a variety of behavioral tasks (including tests of neuromuscular ability, activity, and learning ability) extending from postnatal days 10 to 90. In addition, brains from newborn and from 21-day-old offspring were removed and analyzed for concentrations of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Both the behavioral testing and the neurochemical evaluations revealed functional alterations in the litter groups experiencing prenatal exposure to EGME and EGEE at concentrations which produced no observable effects in the maternal animals.
Two-dimensional echocardiographic and angiocardiographic diagnosis of subpulmonary stenosis due to tricuspid valve pouch in complete transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Thomas W. Riggs, Alexander J. Muster, Kalim U. Aziz, Milton H. Paul, Michel Ilbawi, Farouk S. Idriss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1983)
Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Steven J. Meyerson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters15 April 2003Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement TherapySteven J. Meyerson, MDSteven J. Meyerson, MDMiami, FL 33173 (Meyerson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-8-200304150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was disappointed that in their review of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), Humphrey and colleagues (1) drew no distinction between treatment with conjugated equine estrogens, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and other semi-synthetic estrogen and progestin drugs, none of which are human hormones, and replacement of female hormones with molecule-for-molecule bioidentical copies of estriol, estradiol, and progesterone, a process commonly called natural hormone replacement. The article may have demonstrated that equine hormones and progesterone-like drugs can be harmful, but it said nothing about natural hormone replacement.I feel it is a disservice ...Reference1. Humphrey LL, Chan BK, Sox HC. Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:273-84. [PMID: 12186518] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Steven J. Meyerson, MDAffiliations: Miami, FL 33173 (Meyerson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPostmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Linda L. Humphrey , Benjamin K.S. Chan , and Harold C. Sox Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy Arthur B. Chausmer Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy Linda L. Humphrey , Benjamin K.S. Chan , and Harold C. Sox Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease Arnold B. Ritterband and Israeli A. Jaffe Metrics Cited byPostmenopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysisPostmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular DiseaseArnold B. Ritterband, MD and Israeli A. Jaffe, MD 15 April 2003Volume 138, Issue 8Page: 687KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesDrug therapyDrugsEstradiolEstrogen replacement therapyEstrogensHormone replacement therapyProgesterone ePublished: 15 April 2003 Issue Published: 15 April 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
CUTANEOUS ACID MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES IN SOME DERMATOSES
Authors: E. P. M. J. HOLLMAN, P. D. MIER, W. J. B. M. STAAK, E. URSELMANN, J. A. WARNDORFF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article CUTANEOUS ACID MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES IN SOME DERMATOSES Get access E. P. M. J. HOLLMAN, E. P. M. J. HOLLMAN Department of Dermatology (Prof. J. W. H. Mali), Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. D. MIER, P. D. MIER Department of Dermatology (Prof. J. W. H. Mali), Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. J. B. M. VAN DE STAAK, W. J. B. M. VAN DE STAAK Department of Dermatology (Prof. J. W. H. Mali), Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. URSELMANN, E. URSELMANN Department of Dermatology (Prof. J. W. H. Mali), Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. A. WARNDORFF J. A. WARNDORFF Department of Dermatology (Prof. J. W. H. Mali), Catholic University, Javastraat 104, Nijmegen, Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 85, Issue 5, 1 November 1971, Pages 421–423, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14047.x Published: 01 November 1971 Article history Accepted: 10 May 1971 Published: 01 November 1971
Delusions and misbeliefs
Authors: Max Coltheart
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Beliefs may be true or false, and grounded or ungrounded. McKay &amp; Dennett (M&amp;D) treat these properties of belief as independent. What, then, do they mean by misbelief ? They state that misbeliefs are “simply false beliefs.” So would they consider a very well-grounded belief that is false a misbelief? And why can't beliefs that are very poorly grounded be considered delusions, even when they are true?
GSK rejects claims that it has been profiteering from vaccine sales in Uganda
Authors: P. Dinsdale
Journal: BMJ (2010)

GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has denied that it has been profiteering from the sale of its pneumonia vaccine to patients in the private sector in Uganda, after claims to the contrary by the medical charity Medicins Sans Frontieres.

In a report in the Financial Times , the charity claimed that GSK had been making its Synflorix pneumoccocal vaccine available to more affluent patients in Uganda who were able to pay $50 (£31; €37) a dose for it.

Daniel Berman, deputy director of the MSF access campaign, said that GSK should provide the vaccine at the price of $7 a dose, which is the price agreed with the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI), the UN supported body which is using funding from donor countries to buy pneumococcal vaccines at …
Adverse Immunoregulatory Effects of 5FU and CPT11 Chemotherapy on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes
Authors: Julia Kanterman, Moshe Sade-Feldman, Moshe Biton, Eliran Ish-Shalom, Audrey Lasry, Aviya Goldshtein, Ayala Hubert, Michal Baniyash
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Colorectal cancer is associated with chronic inflammation and immunosuppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Although chemotherapy reduces tumor burden at early stages, it tends to have limited effect on a progressive disease, possibly due to adverse effects on the immune system in dictating disease outcome. Here, we show that patients with advanced colorectal cancer display enhanced MDSC levels and reduced CD247 expression and that some conventional colorectal cancer chemotherapy supports the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A FOLFOX combined therapy reduced immunosuppression, whereas a FOLFIRI combined therapy enhanced immunosuppression. Mechanistic studies in a colorectal cancer mouse model revealed that FOLFIRI-like therapy including the drugs CPT11 and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) damaged host immunocompetence in a manner that limits treatment outcomes. CPT11 blocked MDSC apoptosis and myeloid cell differentiation, increasing MDSC immunosuppressive features and mouse mortality. In contrast, 5FU promoted immune recovery and tumor regression. Thus, CPT11 exhibited detrimental immunoregulatory effects that offset 5FU benefits when administered in combination. Our results highlight the importance of developing therapeutic regimens that can target both the immune system and tumor towards improved personalized treatments for colorectal cancer.
Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Peter Doshi
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Officials and professional societies treat influenza as a major public health threat for which the annual vaccine offers a safe and effective solution. In this article, I challenge these basic assumptions. I show that there is no good evidence that vaccines reduce serious complications of influenza, the outcomes the policy is meant to address. Moreover, promotional messages conflate “influenza” (disease caused by influenza viruses) with “flu” (a syndrome with many causes, of which influenza viruses appear to be a minor contributor). This lack of precision causes physicians and potential vaccine recipients to have unrealistic assumptions about the vaccine's potential benefit, and impedes dissemination of the evidence on nonpharmaceutical interventions against respiratory diseases. In addition, there are potential vaccine-related harms, as unexpected and serious adverse effects of influenza vaccines have occurred. I argue that decisions surrounding influenza vaccines need to include a discussion of these risks and benefits.
The risk of venous thromboembolism from air travel
Authors: G. Geroulakos
Journal: BMJ (2001)

There has recently been increased publicity on the risk of venous thromboembolism after long haul aeroplane flights.1 This was generated by the death of a 27 year old woman from a pulmonary embolism immediately after she disembarked from a flight from Australia to London.2 So far there is only circumstantial,1 but no epidemiological, evidence connecting air travel with venous thrombosis.

Homans first reported venous thrombosis related to air travel in a 54 year old doctor who developed a deep vein thrombosis after a 14 hour flight.3 This condition was first termed economy class syndrome by Symington and Stack.4 Venous stasis, caused by prolonged sitting in the “coach” position in a cramped aeroplane, was considered to be the main causal factor. Similar conditions to air travel, such as sitting for many hours in air raid shelters in London during the Blitz, were associated with a sixfold rise in sudden death …
Radiation workers and childhood leukaemia.
Authors: M J Gardner
Journal: BMJ (1991)

60 Multisvstem failure following aortobifemoral grafts for peripheral vascular disease 2 F 53 Chronic rhcumatic aortic and mitral valve disease; acute renal failure due to vasculitic-type glomerulonephritis 3 MN1 74 Panlobularemphvsemaandpostmortem ecvidece of l-antitrvpsin deficiency
Severity of hand eczema assessed by patients and dermatologist using a photographic guide
Authors: M. Hald, N.K. Veien, G. Laurberg, J.D. Johansen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The severity of hand eczema is of interest in epidemiological studies. Ideally, as no validated methods of self-assessment exist, a dermatologist should examine all subjects. However, this is very resource intensive.To examine if severity grading performed by patients with hand eczema using a self-administered photographic guide was in agreement with the assessment performed by a trained dermatologist. Furthermore, to measure the correlation between the severity of hand eczema expressed on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the clinical severity assessment, using the photographic guide.Fifty-three consecutive outpatients with hand eczema were included, a number based on a prestudy statistical calculation. The patients were asked to grade current severity of their hand eczema by choosing one of four groups of photographs representing differing severities of hand eczema. On the same day all patients were examined by an experienced dermatologist, who graded the severity using the same photographic guide. The photographic guide was a modified version of a validated guide for use by physicians. In addition, the patients rated the severity of their hand eczema on a VAS.Fifty-one of the respondents completed the full questionnaire. For 37 of the 51 patients (73%) the clinical severity assessments of patient and dermatologist were identical. The measure of agreement, Cohen's kappa coefficient, was 0.61, indicating good inter-rater agreement. The correlation between the dermatologist-rated severity and the corresponding score by the patients on the VAS was only moderate (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rho = 0.52).The photographic guide for the self-assessment of hand eczema is an easy instrument to use, and for research purposes can be a reliable tool for patients with hand eczema to grade severity. A VAS can only be considered as a mediocre tool for estimation of the dermatologist-rated clinical severity, but should be validated as an independent instrument to assess severity of hand eczema.
Behavioral Medicine in General Medical Practice
Authors: Philip J. Michels
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This book is a small, well-written volume that deals with behavioral problems commonly seen in a primary care setting. The overall organization of the text is exceptionally well done, incorporating both quick reference and in-depth discussion of problem management. Marginal notes are used to help the busy physician locate and incorporate material quickly. This text is impressive from a number of standpoints. The behavior modification approach to treatment and use of functional analysis for diagnostic purposes represent the state of the art in scientific orientation. Not only do these approaches offer a rich empirical background, but they are eminently practicable for primary care physicians to use in office practice as a supplment to, or substitue for, chemotherapy. The text is up to date, and comprehensive treatment strategies are based on a well-researched survey of the literature. Reports of successful treatment methods, verified by experimental investigation, are included, allowing the reader
Detection of antimitochondrial autoantibodies in immunofluorescent AMA-negative patients with primary biliary cirrhosis using recombinant autoantigens
Authors: Hiroshi Miyakawa, Atsushi Tanaka, Kentaro Kikuchi, Masanao Matsushita, Eriko Kitazawa, Naomi Kawaguchi, Hirotoshi Fujikawa, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are the serologic hallmark of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). However, depending on the clinical laboratory, from 5% to 17% of PBC patients are consistently AMA–negative, using native mitochondrial antigens and a variety of conventional assays including immunofluorescence (IMF) and enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The major immunoreactive mitochondrial autoantigens are the E2 members of the 2–oxo–acid dehydrogenase complex family, including pyruvate dehydrogenase complex–E2 (PDC–E2), branched chain 2–oxo acid dehydrogenase complex–E2 (BCOADC–E2), and oxo–glutarate dehydrogenase complex–E2 (OGDC–E2); cDNAs of these proteins have now been cloned, sequenced, and their B–cell epitopes defined. In the present study, we cloned cDNAs encoding these proteins from human, not bovine, sources, and expressed the recombinant proteins in a newly developed ELISA that employs a unique Escherichia coli buffer, and compared the data with previous assays using both AMA–positive and –negative patients. Using this new assay and our criteria for positive as an optical density (OD) greater than 10 SD above the mean of control sera, the AMA–positive rate of 191 PBC sera was 94% (179 of 191) compared with 84% (161 of 191) by IMF. None of the 316 control sera were reactive. Using our recombinant assays, we focused attention on the 30 IMF–AMA-negative patients. Twenty–two of 30 (73%) of these patients were positive using this new ELISA. The group of 30 IMF–AMA-negative/ELISA–positive patients did not differ significantly from a comparable population of IMF–AMA-positive patients with respect to age, sex distribution, liver function tests, elevation of serum IgM, or pathologic stage.
Selecting the donor liver: Risk factors for poor function after orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Steven M. Strasberg, Todd K. Howard, Ernesto P. Molmenti, Martin Hertl
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Initial poor function and primary nonfunction are important problems in clinical transplantation. The incidence of primary nonfunction is about 6% and that of initial poor function is about 15%. Grafts with initial poor function have a higher graft failure rate in the first 3 mo after transplantation. Severe steatosis and cold preservation in University of Wisconsin solution for over 30 hr will alone cause primary nonfunction. However, primary nonfunction is probably most often caused by the presence of multiple relative risk factors. The major donor-relative risk factors are moderate steatosis, cold preservation over 12 hr and donor age over 50 yr, whereas retransplantation, high (United Network of Organ Sharing class 4) medical status and kidney failure are recipient relative risk factors. The most important perioperative risk factor is warm ischemia time. Rates of primary nonfunction and initial poor function might be reduced by avoidance of combinations of risk factors. Several tests have been developed to predict primary nonfunction and initial poor function, but none is yet clinically efficient.
Outer causes inner conflicts: environment and autoimmunity.
Authors: H Heimer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Autoimmune diseases are some of the most common yet least understood maladies in medicine today. Some estimates place the number of sufferers of such diseases as high as 20% of the U.S. population, most of them women. The disorders involved range from the familiar to the relatively uncommon to the obscure. What these disorders have in common is that they cause the immune system to attack the body's own tissues. Uncertainty in the field of autoimmune disease extends even to the fundamental questions of what an autoimmune disease is and how many people are affected; identifying specific environmental risk factors for autoimmune diseases is still highly speculative. To gain some sense of direction, scientists are looking at a few documented environmental exposures that have led to autoimmune syndromes, as well as some animal models that exhibit autoimmune syndromes similar to those seen in humans. At a September 1998 NIEHS workshop on environmental links to autoimmune diseases, participants prioritized research needs in five main categories, a step that should help scientists develop strategies for investigating this family of diseases.
Estrogen Receptors in Human Cancers
Authors: Elwood V. Jensen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In the seven years since the first clinical correlations were reported from our laboratory, the utility of estrogen receptor assays on excised tumor tissue has become well established as an aid in deciding which patients with advanced breast cancer should be treated by endocrine ablation (oophorectomy, adrenalectomy, hypophysectomy) or by hormone administration, and which should be placed directly on chemotherapy. The experience of many investigators<sup>1</sup>has confirmed the original conclusion that patients whose tumors contain no detectable estrogen receptor protein (estrophilin) have little chance of benefit from endocrine therapy, whereas most, but not all, women with receptor-containing breast cancers will respond favorably to endocrine manipulation. Recent evidence,<sup>2</sup>though still limited, indicates that estrophilin analyses of stage I and stage II primary tumors can be used to predict response to endocrine therapy when disseminated disease appears at a later time. These observations, if confirmed, suggest the value of routinely