tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 Among Pregnant Women, 1989-2010
Authors: Shani Delaney, Carolyn Gardella, Misty Saracino, Amalia Magaret, Anna Wald
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Genital herpes in pregnancy frequently complicates management, although neonatal herpes, a potentially catastrophic complication, is rare1,2. Maternal acquisition of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or 2 near the time of delivery accounts for most neonatal herpes. Neonatal HSV incidence has been stable in recent decades, although a shift toward more HSV-1 infections has been reported1,3. Concurrently, a decline in HSV-1 seroprevalence, but not HSV-2, has been noted among reproductive-aged women in nationwide surveys4,5. We determined trends in the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among pregnant women delivering in a single urban academic center during two decades in Seattle, Washington.
Incidence of and mortality from acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the United Kingdom
Authors: T A Rockall, R F A Logan, H B Devlin, T C Northfield
Journal: BMJ (1995)

To describe the current epidemiology of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.Population based, unselected, multicentre, prospective survey.74 hospitals receiving emergency admissions in four health regions in the United Kingdom.4185 cases of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in which patients were aged over 16 years identified over four months.Incidence and mortality.The overall incidence of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the United Kingdom is 103/100,000 adults per year. The incidence rises from 23 in those aged under 30 to 485 in those aged over 75. At all ages incidence in men was more than double that in women except in elderly patients. 14% of the haemorrhages occurred in inpatients already in hospital for some other reason. In 27% of cases (37% female, 19% male) patients were aged over 80. Overall mortality was 14% (11% in emergency admissions and 33% in haemorrhage in inpatients). In the emergency admissions, 65% of deaths in those aged under 80 were associated with malignancy or organ failure at presentation. Mortality for patients under 60 in the absence of malignancy or organ failure at presentation was 0.8%.The incidence of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is twice that previously reported in England and similar to that reported in Scotland. The incidence increases appreciably with age. Although the proportion of elderly patients continues to rise and mortality increases steeply with age, age standardised mortality is lower than in earlier studies. Deaths occurred almost exclusively in very old patients or those with severe comorbidity.
The Medical Chromosome
Authors: G. G. Liddle
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  It has been discovered by British investigators that criminal behavior is related to the XYY chromosomes.1The picture of XYY males is of highly irresponsible and immature individuals whose waywardness causes concern at a very early age. That extra Y chromosome is at the root of the evil.  Scientists who reassemble chromosome patterns as if they were jigsaw puzzles recognize their breaks and their bruises, as well as many standard abnormal forms. Have they practiced the Socraticgnothe seautonand searched themselves for aberrant or abnormal chromosomes? Psychologists begin with self-analysis and self-recrimination, and blossom forth with Augustinian cleansings of their personalities. Physicians x-ray their own bones on the slightest suspicion, and are cardcarrying members of the ABO, Rh, and M-N leagues.  There is no reason to suspect XYY patterns in medical men, but if one examines their prejudices and activities (including their writings), he will
Intravenous Dipyridamole Thallium-201 SPECT Imaging Methodology, Applications, and Interpretations
Authors: JOHN F. ROCKETT, LYNN H. MAGILL, VIVIAN S. LOVELESS, GARY L. MURRAY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Dipyridamole TI-201 imaging is an ideal alternative to exercise TI-201 scintigraphy in patients who are unwilling or unable to perform maximum exercise stress. The use of intravenous dipyridamole, alone or in combination with exercise, has not been approved for clinical practice by the Food and Drug Administration. Once approval is granted, the test will become a widely used and important component of the cardiac work-up. The indications, methodology, side effects, and utility of dipyridamole cardiac imaging in the clinical setting are discussed and a variety of examples presented.
Intestinal function and intestinal blood supply: a 20 year surgical study.
Authors: A Marston, J M Clarke, J Garcia Garcia, A L Miller
Journal: Gut (1985)

The experience of The Middlesex Hospital in the investigation and management of chronic intestinal arterial occlusion (IAO) over a 20 year period is presented. Of some 100 patients referred only 28 were found to have IAO and these were critically evaluated in terms of insorptive and exsorptive function. No relation was found between intestinal performance and the degree of potential ischaemia suggested by angiography. Twenty two patients underwent reconstruction of the coeliac axis and mesenteric arteries, with three perioperative deaths. The remainder were followed for periods ranging between six months and 10 years. Of these, 15 are asymptomatic, one is unchanged, and one is subjectively worse. The role of elective surgery in relation to the visceral arteries is critically discussed in the light of these results, and in the perspective of the world experience.
Recommendations for Development and Maintenance of Competence in Coronary Interventional Procedures
Authors: John S. Douglas, Carl J. Pepine, Peter C. Block, Jeffery A. Brinker, Warren L. Johnson, W.Peter Klinke, David C. Levin, Charles E. Mullins, Steven E. Nissen, Eric J. Topol, Daniel J. Ullyot, George W. Vetrovec, John H.K. Vogel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
STUDIES ON THE BLOOD CYTOLOGY OF THE RABBIT
Authors: Albert E. Casey, Louise Pearce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

1. The blood cytology of 91 rabbits was studied prior to inoculation with a transplantable malignant neoplasm. The following statements refer in each instance to the mean values of the pre-inoculation counts. 2. The animals which were most resistant to the malignant disease had, before inoculation, normal red and white cell counts, normal hemoglobin percentages, high eosinophile counts, and low counts of monocytes and lymphocytes. The relations of the neutrophile and basophile counts were irregular, but normal values also appeared to be associated with greater resistance. 3. The most susceptible animals were those which had, before inoculation, red cell counts above 5,500,000 or below 5,000,000 per c.mm.; hemoglobin above 70 per cent or below 60 per cent (Newcomer); white cell counts below 6,000 or above 8,500 per c.mm.; low eosinophile, high monocyte, or high lymphocyte counts. 4. No animal with any of the following findings prior to inoculation recovered completely from the tumor as determined by autopsy examination: red cells above 5,500,000 per c.mm. of blood; hemoglobin above 70 per cent; total white cells above 10,000 per c.mm.; eosinophiles below 120 per c.mm., or below the relative value of 1.5 per cent; basophiles below 400 per c.mm., or below the relative value of 6 per cent; lymphocytes above 3,600 per c.mm.; monocytes above 1,500 per c.mm.; neutrophiles above 5,000 per c.mm.; and total granular cells above 5,700 per c.mm. In the case of each of the following pre-inoculation values, only 1 animal was completely free from tumor at autopsy: hemoglobin below 60 per cent; red cells below 4,800,000 per c.mm.; total granular cells below 3,300 per c.mm.; total non-granular cells below 2,300 per c.mm.; total non-granular cells above 3,700 per c.mm. No animal with pre-inoculation eosinophiles above 3.9 per cent, or basophiles above 16 per cent died from the tumor. 5. The blood findings before inoculation could be related to the character and outcome of the malignant disease, from the standpoint of animal groups as well as in the case of individual rabbits. 6. From the results of the experiments here reported, it seems possible to predict with an accuracy of between 80 and 90 per cent the individual resistance or susceptibility of rabbits to the tumor by a study of their blood cells before inoculation.
Plasma C-reactive protein as a marker of cardiac allograft vasculopathy in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Aina Hognestad, Knut Endresen, Ragnhild Wergeland, Oddvar Stokke, Odd Geiran, Torbjorn Holm, Svein Simonsen, John K Kjekshus, Arne K Andreassen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Short-contact dithranol therapy—a comparison with the Ingram regime
Authors: B.N. STATHAM, K.S. RYATT, N.R. ROWELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Short‐contact dithranol therapy—a comparison with the Ingram regime Get access B.N. STATHAM, B.N. STATHAM Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.S. RYATT, K.S. RYATT Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.R. ROWELL N.R. ROWELL Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 6, 1 June 1984, Pages 703–708, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04708.x Published: 01 June 1984 Article history Accepted: 05 November 1983 Published: 01 June 1984
Abstract P5-01-03: MRI vs Breast Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer: A Prospective Head-to-Head Trial
Authors: LJ Kirstein, T Fulop, L McPartland, I Cohen, SK. Boolbol
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Functional breast imaging is emerging as an adjunct to mammography and ultrasound in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) is the modality most widely employed. However, it is expensive, uncomfortable for certain patients, and interpretation is variable, depending upon a radiologist's expertise. Breast Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) has emerged as an alternative functional imaging study. While MRI evaluates differential enhancement of benign versus malignant lesions, BSGI evaluates the metabolic activity of normal versus abnormal cells by tagging mitochondria with Technecium99. In retrospective analyses, BSGI has been found to have similar sensitivity to MRI, but to date there has not been a prospective trial comparing these modalities in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. We sought to prospectively compare BSGI to MRI in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, to determine if this newer functional imaging study is as sensitive to MRI in detecting index lesions. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer from June 1, 2009 through May 31, 2010 were consented for an IRB approved protocol in which they underwent both breast MRI and BSGI. Each imaging study was read by a dedicated breast radiologist, with one radiologist reading all MRI, and another reading all BSGI studies. All subsequent biopsies were performed percutaneously, using image guidance. Patients were excluded if excisional biopsy was performed for diagnosis, or their MRI was performed at an outside facility. Patients with DCIS were also excluded. The sensitivity for each modality was calculated. Results: There were 53 patients enrolled in the study that had both MRI and BSGI for newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. The sensitivity for MRI was 96% and for BSGI was 91% (Table 1) (P&amp;gt;0.5, ns). There was one index tumor not seen on either MRI or BSGI. It was a 2mm invasive ductal carcinoma diagnosed by calcifications on mammogram. The other index tumor not seen on MRI was visualized on BSGI. Two of the remaining four index tumors not visualized on BSGI were located in the posterior breast. Two studies were false negative. These four lesions were visualized on MRI. Discussion: In this prospective study comparing BSGI to MRI for newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer, BSGI was found to be as sensitive as MRI at detecting index lesions. Of the four false negative BSGI, two tumors were located near the chest wall, a known limitation of this technology. Larger prospective studies need to be performed to determine the true sensitivity and specificity of BSGI. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-03.
TCT-550 Relationship Between Circulating Biomarkers of Atherosclerosis, Fibrin Clot Properties and Carotid Plaque Key Components Quantified in vivo Using a Novel Virtual Histology Image Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Piotr Musialek, Adam Mazurek, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, Ewa Stepien, Tadeusz PRZEWLOCKI, Krzysztof F. Zmudka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Negative regulation by thyroid hormone receptor requires an intact coactivator-binding surface
Authors: Tania M. Ortiga-Carvalho, Nobuyuki Shibusawa, Amisra Nikrodhanond, Karen J. Oliveira, Danielle S. Machado, Xiao-Hui Liao, Ronald N. Cohen, Samuel Refetoff, Fredric E. Wondisford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Thyroid hormone (TH) action is mediated by TH receptors (TRs), which are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. In vitro studies have demonstrated that TR activity is regulated by interactions with corepressor and coactivator proteins (CoRs and CoAs, respectively). TH stimulation is thought to involve dissociation of CoRs and recruitment of CoAs to the liganded TR. In contrast, negative regulation by TH is thought to occur via recruitment of CoRs to the liganded TR. The physiological role of CoAs bound to TRs, however, has yet to be defined. In this study, we used gene-targeting techniques to mutate the TR-beta locus within its activation function-2 (AF-2) domain (E457A). This mutation was chosen because it completely abolished CoA recruitment in vitro, while preserving normal triiodothyronine (T3) binding and CoR interactions. As expected, TH-stimulated gene expression was reduced in homozygous E457A mice. However, these animals also displayed abnormal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Serum thyroxine, T3, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and pituitary Tshb mRNA levels were inappropriately elevated compared with those of WT animals, and L-T3 treatment failed to suppress serum TSH and pituitary Tshb mRNA levels. Therefore, the AF-2 domain of TR-beta is required for positive and, paradoxically, for negative regulation by TH in vivo.
Abyssinia: Abyssinian Character; Etiquette; Customs; the Church; a Festival; Brindo, etc.
Authors: H. Blanc
Journal: BMJ (1869)

I8rof the stump.It is as yet unprecedented in my experience to have an adult, whose thigh was amputated, able to be up on the tenth day, and dismissed absolutely cured on the sixteenth.There were, of course, certain favourable circumstances in the case, such as the absence of disease at the seat of amputation; the wasting of tissues, which had gradu- ally l)een taking place; the absence of ligatures, save one or two small insignificant knots of carbolised silk, which were never seen afterwards.But I believe that some merit must be ascribed to the antiseptic mode oftreatment.
Perforated Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: E P Molmenti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A 48-year-old man who was receiving medical treatment for peptic ulcer disease experienced intense epigastric pain, sudden in onset and without emesis, four hours before admission. On examination, he had rigidity of the abdominal muscles in the epigastrium and tympanicity on percussion in the right upper quadrant. A chest film (Panel A) showed bilateral pneumoperitoneum (arrows). An exploratory laparotomy revealed a perforated duodenal ulcer with callous borders (Panel B). The ulcer was closed with three stitches and an omental patch, and a parietal-cell vagotomy was performed. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, with no recurrence. D denotes . . .
The Gut Hormones PYY3-36 and GLP-17-36 amide Reduce Food Intake and Modulate Brain Activity in Appetite Centers in Humans
Authors: Akila De Silva, Victoria Salem, Christopher J. Long, Aidan Makwana, Rexford D. Newbould, Eugenii A. Rabiner, Mohammad A. Ghatei, Stephen R. Bloom, Paul M. Matthews, John D. Beaver, Waljit S. Dhillo
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)

Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide. Understanding how the brain controls appetite offers promising inroads toward new therapies for obesity. Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are coreleased postprandially and reduce appetite and inhibit food intake when administered to humans. However, the effects of GLP-1 and the ways in which PYY and GLP-1 act together to modulate brain activity in humans are unknown. Here, we have used functional MRI to determine these effects in healthy, normal-weight human subjects and compared them to those seen physiologically following a meal. We provide a demonstration that the combined administration of PYY(3-36) and GLP-1(7-36 amide) to fasted human subjects leads to similar reductions in subsequent energy intake and brain activity, as observed physiologically following feeding.
Treatment of erythema nodosum and nodular vasculitis with potassium iodide
Authors: E.J. SCHULZ, D.A. WHITING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Twenty-four of twenty-eight patients with erythema nodosum and sixteen of seventeen patients with nodular vasculitis responded to treatment with potassium iodide. Relief of symptoms occurred within 2 days. The average duration of treatment was 3 weeks and the lesions took an average of 2 weeks to resolve. The possible mode of action of potassium iodide is discussed and an immunosuppressive effect mediated by heparin is suggested.
In vitro and clinical immunomodulatory effects of a novel Pentaherbs concoction for atopic dermatitis
Authors: T.F. Leung, K.Y. Wong, C.K. Wong, K.P. Fung, C.W.K. Lam, T.F. Fok, P.C. Leung, K.L.E. Hon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Our group recently reported a randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of a twice-daily concoction of five herbal ingredients (Pentaherbs formulation, PHF) in treating children with atopic dermatitis (AD).To investigate the immunomodulatory effects that may be induced by PHF treatment.We investigated the effects of PHF on cytotoxicity and proliferation of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)- and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from buffy coat of blood donors. PHF-induced immunomodulation for five inflammatory mediators in cultured PBMC was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of a 3-month, open-label study of PHF on circulating inflammatory mediators in children with AD were also assessed.PHF at up to 1 mg mL(-1) dose-dependently suppressed PBMC proliferation. The addition of PHF to cultured PBMC reduced supernatant concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in response to PHA, and BDNF and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) following SEB stimulation. PHF increased epithelial cell-derived neutrophil activating peptide-78 levels in culture supernatants. At the RNA level, PHF suppressed the transcription of BDNF, TARC, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Twenty-eight children with AD were treated with PHF for 3 months, and their mean plasma concentrations of BDNF and TARC decreased significantly from 1798 pg mL(-1) and 824 pg mL(-1) at baseline to 1378 pg mL(-1) and 492 pg mL(-1) (P = 0.002 and 0.013, respectively) upon study completion.PHF possesses in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory properties that may mediate the clinical efficacy observed in AD treatment.
Disruption of ClC-3, a Chloride Channel Expressed on Synaptic Vesicles, Leads to a Loss of the Hippocampus
Authors: Sandra M. Stobrawa, Tilman Breiderhoff, Shigeo Takamori, Dominique Engel, Michaela Schweizer, Anselm A. Zdebik, Michael R. Bösl, Klaus Ruether, Holger Jahn, Andreas Draguhn, Reinhard Jahn, Thomas J. Jentsch
Journal: Neuron (2001)
Toward a Romantic Science: The Work of Oliver Sacks
Authors: Alan G. Wasserstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The Literature of Medicine1 September 1988Toward a Romantic Science: The Work of Oliver SacksAlan G. Wasserstein, MDAlan G. Wasserstein, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-440 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMedicine is the oldest of the arts and the oldest of the sciences, writes neurologist Oliver Sacks. But the growth of the science has threatened the art. There is a subtle opposition between the two faces of medicine: The science (generalizing) fits the patient into broad categories; the art (personalizing) recognizes the patient as unique. With the increasingly scientific emphasis in medicine today, the empathy and humaneness of the personal encounter begin to seem difficult, if not supererogatory. They are moral, rather than scientific obligations, and, possibly the first casualties of a hectic schedule.But what if they were essential...References1. Sacks O. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales. Harper and Row: New York; 1987. Google Scholar2. Eliot T. Selected Essays. Harcourt Brace: New York; 1960. Google Scholar3. Sacks O. Awakenings. E.P. Dutton: New York; 1983. Google Scholar4. Luria A. The Man with a Shattered World. Harvard University Press: Cambridge; 1987. Google Scholar5. Rieff P. Freud: The Mind of the Moralist. University of Chicago Press: Chicago; 1979. Google Scholar6. Sacks O. A Leg to Stand On. Summit: New York; 1984. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. For the current author address, see end of text. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByOliver Sacks and migraineMultiplicity and Dialogue in Social Psychology: An Essay in MetatheorizingTalking about the pain: A patient-centered study of low back pain in primary careWhole person care: Beyond psychosocial and physical needsThe Database: Its Definition and Present StatusAnecdote and objectivity 1 September 1988Volume 109, Issue 5Page: 440-444 Issue Published: 1 September 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Rubber glove asthma
Authors: A Seaton, B Cherrie, J. Turnbull
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide in hypothyroidism Atrial natriuretic peptide may play an important part in plasma volume homoeostasis in normal humans because of its ability to cause natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilatation.Hypothyroidism is accompanied by abnor- malities in both the cardiovascular system and water balance.l23Our study investigated the plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide in hypothyroidism.
Nitrous Oxide: A Valuable Alternative for Pain Relief and Sedation During Routine Colonoscopy
Authors: A.-K. Notini-Gudmarsson, A. Dolk, J. Jakobsson, C. Johansson
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Background an Study Aims: Patient-administered nitrous oxide in 50 % oxygen has lately come into use as an alternative to combined opioid and benzodiazepine medication for colonoscopic procedures. A randomized study was carried out comparing intramuscular pethidine hydrochloride 1 mg/kg with inhalation of Medimix (a mixture of nitrous oxide in oxygen 50 %) for relief of pain and anxiety during colonoscopy.