tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE RELATION OF FREQUENCY TO THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY CURRENTS
Authors: Ronald V. Christie, Alfred L. Loomis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. Biological effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by a vacuum tube oscillator have been studied at frequencis ranging from 8,300,000 to 158,000,000 cycles per second (1.9 to 38 meters wave-length). 2. The effects produced on animals can be fully explained on the basis of the heat generated by high frequency currents which are induced in them. 3. No evidence was obtained to support the theory that certain wave-lengths have a specific action on living cells. 4. At frequencies below 50,000,000 cycles, the effect of these radiations on animals is proportionate to the intensity of the electro-magnetic field. As the frequency is increased beyond this point, the amount of induced current is diminished and the apparent lethality of the radiation is decreased. This can be explained by changes occurring in the dielectric properties of tissues at low wave-lengths.
First Report of Harlequin Syndrome as the Presenting Feature of Carney Triad: A Diagnostic and Imaging Challenge
Authors: David Taïeb, Frederic Sebag, Elisa Sarde, Stephane Berdah, Christophe Doddoli, Fausto Palazzo, Anne Barlier, Hartmut Neumann, Olivier Mundler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)
The Psychiatric Adjustment of the Adopting Parents of Schizophrenics
Authors: PAUL H. WENDER, DAVID ROSENTHAL, THEODORE P. ZAHN, SEYMOUR S. KETY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

This study attempted to separate the relative roles of experiential and genetic factors in the etiology of schizophrenia by studying the psychiatric and psychological characteristics of a group of adopting parents of schizophrenics and comparing these parents with the biological parents of schizophrenics and the adopting parents of normal subjects. The results indicate that the biological parents of schizophrenics are appreciably more disturbed than the adopting parents of schizophrenics, who are in turn slightly more disturbed than the adopting parents of normals.
Efficacy of Intermittent Combined RAF and MEK Inhibition in a Patient with Concurrent BRAF- and NRAS-Mutant Malignancies
Authors: Omar Abdel-Wahab, Virginia M. Klimek, Alisa A. Gaskell, Agnes Viale, Donavan Cheng, Eunhee Kim, Raajit Rampal, Mark Bluth, James J. Harding, Margaret K. Callahan, Taha Merghoub, Michael F. Berger, David B. Solit, Neal Rosen, Ross L. Levine, Paul B. Chapman
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Vemurafenib, a RAF inhibitor, extends survival in patients with BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma but activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in RAS-mutant cells. In a patient with a BRAF(V600K)-mutant melanoma responding to vemurafenib, we observed accelerated progression of a previously unrecognized NRAS-mutant leukemia. We hypothesized that combining vemurafenib with a MAP-ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor would inhibit ERK activation in the melanoma and prevent ERK activation by vemurafenib in the leukemia, and thus suppress both malignancies. We demonstrate that intermittent administration of vemurafenib led to a near-complete remission of the melanoma, and the addition of the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib (GDC-0973) caused suppression of vemurafenib-induced leukemic proliferation and ERK activation. Antimelanoma and antileukemia responses have been maintained for nearly 20 months, as documented by serial measurements of tumor-derived DNA in plasma in addition to conventional radiographic and clinical assessments of response. These data support testing of intermittent ERK pathway inhibition in the therapy for both RAS-mutant leukemia and BRAF-mutant melanoma.
Oxytocin and vasopressin receptors in human and uterine myomas during menstrual cycle and early pregnancy
Authors: A-R Fuchs
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1998)

The purpose of this study was to determine the specificity and concentration of oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) binding sites in non-pregnant (NP) human and rhesus monkey endometrium, myometrium and fibromyomas, and to determine the cellular localization of OT receptor (OTR). Besides [3H]AVP, [125I]LVA, a specific VP1 receptor subtype antagonist, was used to determine vasopressin receptor (VPR) concentrations. Samples were obtained from 42 pre-menopausal and three pregnant women (5, 13 and 35 weeks gestation), and several NP and pregnant monkeys. Specificity of binding was assessed in competition experiments with unlabelled agonists and antagonists of known pharmacological potency. Cellular localization of OTR was determined by immunohistochemistry. In NP human uterine tissues, [3H]AVP was bound with higher affinity and greater binding capacity than [3H]OT, whereas in pregnant women and in NP and pregnant rhesus monkeys, uterine OT binding capacity was greater. OT and AVP binding sites discriminated very poorly between OT and AVP; [125I]LVA binding sites were more selective than [3H]AVP. Their ligand specificity and binding kinetics indicated the presence of two distinct populations of binding sites for OT and AVP in primate uterus. Endometrium of NP women and monkeys had low OTR and VPR concentrations. Myometrial and endometrial OTR and VPR were down-regulated in midcycle and in early human pregnancy, they were up-regulated in the secretory phase and second half of pregnancy. Immunoreactive OTR in NP uterus was localized in patches of myometrial muscle cells and small numbers of endometrial epithelial cells.
Guidelines versus clinical practice in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: N. Roche, T. Lepage, J. Bourcereau, P. Terrioux
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

The main purpose of this study was to assess whether pharmacological treatments prescribed by respiratory physicians to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were consistent with the guidelines. The treatments prescribed by respiratory physicians to 631 consecutive patients with COPD, compared to 879 asthmatics were prospectively recorded. All subjects underwent peak expiratory flow rate measurement, spirometry and assessment of recent evolution and dyspnoea (visual analogue and Medical Research Council scales). Patients with COPD received more treatments than asthmatics (mean±sd: 2.6±0.5 versus 2.2±0.4, p&lt;0.0001). Treatments administered to patients with COPD were β 2 -agonists in 78% ( versus 94% in asthmatics), anticholinergic agents (AC) in 56% ( versus 16% in asthma), methylxanthines in 31% ( versus 15% in asthma) and inhaled corticosteroids in 76% ( versus 85% in asthma). Intensity of treatment was influenced by disease severity for all treatments except AC. In conclusion, pharmacological treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by respiratory physicians is only partially consistent with current guidelines, with a high proportion of inhaled corticosteroid prescriptions and a relative under-use of anticholinergic agents; this most likely reflects the persistent uncertainties of physicians, and emphasizes that more efforts are required to improve implementation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease guidelines and assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of recommended strategies.
Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee replacement: systematic review, meta-analysis, and indirect treatment comparisons
Authors: A. Gomez-Outes, A. I. Terleira-Fernandez, M. L. Suarez-Gea, E. Vargas-Castrillon
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To analyse clinical outcomes with new oral anticoagulants for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement. <b>Design</b> Systematic review, meta-analysis, and indirect treatment comparisons. <b>Data sources</b> Medline and CENTRAL (up to April 2011), clinical trials registers, conference proceedings, and websites of regulatory agencies. <b>Study selection</b> Randomised controlled trials of rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban compared with enoxaparin for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement. Two investigators independently extracted data. Relative risks of symptomatic venous thromboembolism, clinically relevant bleeding, deaths, and a net clinical endpoint (composite of symptomatic venous thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death) were estimated using a random effect meta-analysis. RevMan and ITC software were used for direct and indirect comparisons, respectively. <b>Results</b> 16 trials in 38 747 patients were included. Compared with enoxaparin, the risk of symptomatic venous thromboembolism was lower with rivaroxaban (relative risk 0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.31 to 0.75) and similar with dabigatran (0.71, 0.23 to 2.12) and apixaban (0.82, 0.41 to 1.64). Compared with enoxaparin, the relative risk of clinically relevant bleeding was higher with rivaroxaban (1.25, 1.05 to 1.49), similar with dabigatran (1.12, 0.94 to 1.35), and lower with apixaban (0.82, 0.69 to 0.98). The treatments did not differ on the net clinical endpoint in direct or indirect comparisons. <b>Conclusions</b> A higher efficacy of new anticoagulants was generally associated with a higher bleeding tendency. The new anticoagulants did not differ significantly for efficacy and safety.
Autologous Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in Combination With Thalidomide As Treatment for Histiocytic Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Usama Gergis, Hendrik Dax, Ellen Ritchie, Rachel Marcus, Usama Wissa, Attilio Orazi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
Adding maps (GPS) to accelerometry data to improve study participants’ recall of physical activity: a methodological advance in physical activity research
Authors: Barbara B Brown, Laura Wilson, Calvin P Tribby, Carol M Werner, Jean Wolf, Harvey J Miller, Ken R Smith
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Objective Obtaining the ‘when, where and why’ of healthy bouts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) provides insights into natural PA. Design In Salt Lake City, Utah, adults wore accelerometer and Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers for a week in a cross-sectional study to establish baseline travel and activity patterns near a planned Complete Street intervention involving a new rail line, new sidewalks and a bike path. Results At the end of the week, research assistants met with the 918 participants who had at least three 10 h days of good accelerometer readings. Accelerometer and GPS data were uploaded and integrated within a custom application, and participants were provided with maps and time information for past MVPA bouts of ≥3 min to help them recall bout details. Participants said that ‘getting someplace’ was, on average, a more important motivation for their bouts than leisure or exercise. A series of recall tests showed that participants recalled most bouts they were asked about, regardless of the duration of the bout, suggesting that participant perceptions of their shorter lifestyle bouts can be studied with this methodology. Visual prompting with a map depicting where each bout took place yielded more accurate recall than prompting with time cues alone. Conclusions These techniques provide a novel way to understand participant memories of the context and subjective assessments associated with healthy bouts of PA. Prompts with time-stamped maps that illustrate places of MVPA offer an effective method to improve understanding of activity and its supportive sociophysical contexts.
Primary care in Spain is underfunded and unattractive, says report
Authors: A. Garcia Rada
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Primary care in Spain is suffering from the double indignity of being underfunded and overlooked by health professionals and patients, says a joint report from public health specialists and groups representing primary care doctors and nurses.

The report, from the Spanish Society of Public Health and Health Administration (SESPAS), is the first joint analysis by a collaboration of the country’s three societies of primary care physicians (SEMFyC, SEMERGEN, and SEMG) and the society of primary care nurses (Asociacion de Enfermeria Comunitaria). It consists of 24 articles by 68 experts and is published as a supplement of the journal Gaceta Sanitaria (2012;26(suppl 1)). …
Regulation of DNA Polymerase POLD4 Influences Genomic Instability in Lung Cancer
Authors: Qin Miao Huang, Shuta Tomida, Yuji Masuda, Chinatsu Arima, Ke Cao, Taka-aki Kasahara, Hirotaka Osada, Yasushi Yatabe, Tomohiro Akashi, Kenji Kamiya, Takashi Takahashi, Motoshi Suzuki
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Genomic instability is an important factor in cancer susceptibility, but a mechanistic understanding of how it arises remains unclear. We examined hypothesized contributions of the replicative DNA polymerase δ (pol δ) subunit POLD4 to the generation of genomic instability in lung cancer. In examinations of 158 lung cancers and 5 mixtures of 10 normal lungs, cell cycle- and checkpoint-related genes generally showed mRNA expression increases in cancer, whereas POLD4 showed reduced mRNA in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). A fraction of non-small cell lung cancer patients also showed low expression comparable with that in SCLC, which was associated with poor prognosis. The lung cancer cell line ACC-LC-48 was found to have low POLD4 expression, with higher histone H3K9 methylation and lower acetylation in the POLD4 promoter, as compared with the A549 cell line with high POLD4 expression. In the absence of POLD4, pol δ exhibited impaired in vitro DNA synthesis activity. Augmenting POLD4 expression in cells where it was attenuated altered the sensitivity to the chemical carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. Conversely, siRNA-mediated reduction of POLD4 in cells with abundant expression resulted in a cell cycle delay, checkpoint activation, and an elevated frequency of chromosomal gap/break formation. Overexpression of an engineered POLD4 carrying silent mutations at the siRNA target site rescued these phenotypes, firmly establishing the role of POLD4 in these effects. Furthermore, POLD4 overexpression reduced intrinsically high induction of γ-H2AX, a well-accepted marker of double-stranded DNA breaks. Together, our findings suggest that reduced expression of POLD4 plays a role in genomic instability in lung cancer.
Pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)
Authors: E.J. Duell, E. Lucenteforte, S.H. Olson, P.M. Bracci, D. Li, H.A. Risch, D.T. Silverman, B.T. Ji, S. Gallinger, E.A. Holly, E.H. Fontham, P. Maisonneuve, H.B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, P. Ghadirian, R.C. Kurtz, E. Ludwig, H. Yu, A.B. Lowenfels, D. Seminara, G.M. Petersen, C. La Vecchia, P. Boffetta
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Relative Contribution of Residual Renal Function and Peritoneal Clearance to Adequacy of Dialysis
Authors: JOANNE M. BARGMAN, KEVIN E. THORPE, DAVID N. CHURCHILL
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Abstract. Studies of the adequacy of peritoneal dialysis and recommendations have assumed that renal and peritoneal clearances are comparable and therefore additive. The CANUSA data were reanalyzed in an effort to address this assumption. Among the 680 patients in the original CANUSA study, 601 had all of the variables of interest for this report. Adequacy of dialysis was estimated from GFR (mean of renal urea and creatinine clearance) and from peritoneal creatinine clearance. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to evaluate the time-dependent association of these independent variables with patient survival. For each 5 L/wk per 1.73 m2 increment in GFR, there was a 12% decrease in the relative risk (RR) of death (RR, 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.94) but no association with peritoneal creatinine clearance (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.10). Estimates of fluid removal (24-h urine volume, net peritoneal ultrafiltration, and total fluid removal) then were added to the Cox model. For a 250-ml increment in urine volume, there was a 36% decrease in the RR of death (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.80). The association of patient survival with GFR disappeared (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.04). However, neither net peritoneal ultrafiltration nor total fluid removal was associated with patient survival. Although these results may be explained partly, statistically, by less variability in peritoneal clearance than in GFR, the latter seems to be physiologically more important than the former. The assumption of equivalence of peritoneal and renal clearances is not supported by these data. Recommendations for adequate peritoneal dialysis need to be reevaluated in light of these observations.
Unexplained hip pain: look beyond the obvious abnormality
Authors: S. Hedger, T. Darby, M. D Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

Case historyA 53 year old self employed white business man was seen by the rheumatology unit at this hospital for the first time in May 1997.Over the last three years he had seen three diVerent rheumatologists with an assymetrical arthritis, aVecting mainly the right hand.This had been diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis, based on the presence of rheumatoid factor in the blood and treated with 10 to 15 mg prednisolone a day for the last two years, as well as periods of treatment with sulphasalazine and methotrexate in the past.He presented with a painful right thumb and a painful restriction of left hip joint movement, which had gradually increased over the previous six weeks.His past history included a four year history of pustular psoriasis without apparent joint involvement and a history of low back and left groin pain 10 years ago, investigated elsewhere with a bone scan, plain radiography, and computed tomography of the left hip, with no cause found for the hip pain.Examination revealed a well looking, afebrile man.He had obvious psoriasis on the feet with involvement of the toenails, no evidence of any deformities or active synovitis but had a painful right thumb carpometacarpal joint with crepitus on movement.Examination of his left hip joint revealed a non-pulsatile fullness in the left groin and painful restriction of left hip joint movements particularly flexion, abduction and external rotation, with virtually no internal rotation.There was no evidence of an inguinal hernia.The right hip joint had essentially full, pain free range of movement.His C reactive protein measurement was within normal limits, the rheumatoid factor was increased at 405 IU/ml (normal < 21) but radiography of the hands and feet did not show any erosive changes consistent with the diagnosis of either rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis.He had a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a blood neutrophilia (white cell count 13.1 × 10 9 , 72% neutrophils), which was presumed to result from his corticosteroid treatment.A plain radiograph of the left hip was normal (fig 1A) but an ultrasound displayed an enlarged iliopsoas bursa containing semi-solid material, with no abnormality in the left hip joint.The iliopsoas bursa was confirmed by computed tomography of the left hip, per-
Fetuin-Mineral Complex Reflects Extraosseous Calcification Stress in CKD
Authors: Takayuki Hamano, Isao Matsui, Satoshi Mikami, Kodo Tomida, Naohiko Fujii, Enyu Imai, Hiromi Rakugi, Yoshitaka Isaka
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2010)

Fetuin-A is an important inhibitor of extraosseous calcification, but some of the studies that used ELISAs did not identify a significant relationship between serum fetuin-A levels and vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we used centrifugation to separate a fetuin-mineral complex (FMC) composed of fetuin-A, fibrinogen, fibronectin-1, and calcium from the serum of hemodialysis patients. In addition, we analyzed serum fetuin-A levels of 73 patients with diabetes and CKD (predialysis) after centrifugation. Fetuin-A concentrations were significantly lower in supernatants than in serum from patients at any stage of CKD, indicating systemic circulation of FMC in these patients. With greater severity of CKD, the contribution of FMC to total fetuin-A increased. Despite the absence of a correlation between serum fetuin-A and coronary artery calcification scores (CACS), supernatant fetuin-A negatively correlated with CACS and the extent to which centrifugation reduced fetuin-A (reduction ratio [RR]) positively correlated with CACS. In a longitudinal study of 12 hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy and cinacalcet therapy each significantly reduced the RR without changing supernatant fetuin-A levels after 1 month, suggesting a reduction in FMC. Moreover, the magnitude of cinacalcet-induced reduction in parathyroid hormone correlated with the decrease in RR but not with changes in serum or supernatant fetuin-A. These data suggest that a quantitative measure of FMC, not supernatant or serum fetuin-A as measured in previous studies, reflects extraosseous calcification stress.
p38δ Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is Essential for Skin Tumor Development in Mice
Authors: Eva M. Schindler, Anna Hindes, Erin L. Gribben, Carole J. Burns, Yan Yin, Meei-Hua Lin, Robert J. Owen, Gregory D. Longmore, Grace E. Kissling, J. Simon C. Arthur, Tatiana Efimova
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Activating Ras mutations occur in a large portion of human tumors. Yet, the signaling pathways involved in Ras-induced tumor formation remain incompletely understood. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are among the best studied Ras effector pathways. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms are important regulators of key biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, inflammation, senescence, and tumorigenesis. However, the specific in vivo contribution of individual p38 isoforms to skin tumor development has not been elucidated. Recent studies have shown that p38delta, a p38 family member, functions as an important regulator of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation and survival. In the present study, we have assessed the effect of p38delta deficiency on skin tumor development in vivo by subjecting p38delta knockout mice to a two-stage 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate chemical skin carcinogenesis protocol. We report that mice lacking p38delta gene exhibited a marked resistance to development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced skin papillomas, with increased latency and greatly reduced incidence, multiplicity, and size of tumors compared with wild-type mice. Our data suggest that the underlying mechanism for reduced susceptibility to skin carcinogenesis in p38delta-null mice involves a defect in proliferative response associated with aberrant signaling through the two major transformation-promoting pathways: extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-activator protein 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. These findings strongly suggest an in vivo role for p38delta in promoting cell proliferation and tumor development in epidermis and may have therapeutic implication for skin cancer.