tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perivascular Macrophages Are the Primary Cell Type Productively Infected by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in the Brains of Macaques
Authors: Kenneth C. Williams, Sarah Corey, Susan V. Westmoreland, Doug Pauley, Heather Knight, Colin deBakker, Xavier Alvarez, Andrew A. Lackner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2001)

The macrophage is well established as a target of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and a major contributor to the neuropathogenesis of AIDS. However, the identification of distinct subpopulations of monocyte/macrophages that carry virus to the brain and that sustain infection within the central nervous system (CNS) has not been examined. We demonstrate that the perivascular macrophage and not the parenchymal microglia is the primary cell productively infected by SIV. We further demonstrate that although productive viral infection of the CNS occurs early, thereafter it is not easily detectable until terminal AIDS. The biology of perivascular macrophages, including their rate of turnover and replacement by peripheral blood monocytes, may explain the timing of neuroinvasion, disappearance, and reappearance of virus in the CNS, and questions the ability of the brain to function as a reservoir for productive infection by HIV/SIV.
Follow-up clinical results in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Authors: T A Mabin, D R Holmes, H C Smith, R E Vlietstra, G S Reeder, J F Bresnahan, A A Bove, L N Hammes, L R Elveback, T A Orszulak
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Complete follow-up data were obtained from 229 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) between 1979 and 1982 (mean follow-up 14 months, range 6 to 37). Single-vessel disease was present in 143 and multivessel disease in 86. PTCA was successful in 153 patients (67%). Failure was followed initially by bypass surgery in 59 and by continued medical therapy in 17. After successful PTCA, 90% of patients were improved subjectively and 74% were asymptomatic at follow-up. After unsuccessful PTCA but prompt bypass, 90% were improved subjectively and 85% were asymptomatic. Among the 229 patients, 39 (17%) required an additional intervention because of angina during follow-up; 15 of these had repeat PTCA and 18 had bypass surgery. Among patients with successful PTCA, revascularization was complete in 77% and partial in 23%. The completeness of revascularization with PTCA had a significant impact on follow-up. The follow-up data of patients with successful single-vessel PTCA and of those with multivessel disease with complete revascularization were similar. When the patients with complete revascularization were compared with those with multivessel disease but incomplete revascularization, the follow-up data were characterized by a higher incidence of angina or need for bypass surgery in the latter group (63%) than in the former group (29%); those with incomplete revascularization also had a significantly reduced event-free survival.
Abstract 2094: Comparing exome with whole-genome next-generation sequencing in detecting somatic mutations
Authors: Yong Gang Yue, Jason Ting, Xiwen Ma, Thomas D. Barber
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Exome sequencing has been used as an efficient and cost-effective method of identifying somatic mutations in tumors. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the current exome sequencing technology, we have conducted a comparative study to evaluate exome and whole genome sequencing (WGS) in two pairs of hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) tumor and match normal controls. The exome sequences were captured via Agilent SureSelect Target Enrichment System (38 MB). Both exome and WGS sequencing data were generated by the Illumina Hiseq2000 platform. The NGS results showed identical profiles of chromosomal abnormalities, including ploidy changes and loss of heterozygosity, when compared to Affymetrix SNP 6.0 microarray genotyping. The total number of variants detected in transcribed region (CCDS) in each of the four samples was comparable between exome and WGS data sets, and the genotypes concordance rate was high. The somatic mutations detected in each tumor/normal pairs different slightly between the exome and WGS platforms. We manually inspected each of the discordant mutations, and found that the most of the somatic mutations missed by exome sequencing are predictable based on gaps in SureSelect coverage. On the other hand, we have also identified somatic mutations in exome that were not detected with the WGS approach. Follow up analysis indicated that those cases were caused by no or low coverage in either tumor of normal in each pair. These cases will likely be resolved by increasing depth of coverage (beyond 30X), and as costs per read decline, it is likely WGS will become the method of choice. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2094. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2094
Bullous pemphigoid in a 4-month-old boy
Authors: F. Cambazard, J. Thivolet, P. Mironneau
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Bullous pemphigoid in a 4‐month‐old boy Get access F. Cambazard, F. Cambazard Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Nord, 42055 St Etienne, Cedex 2, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Thivolet, J. Thivolet Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Edouard‐Herriot, 69437 Lyon, Cedex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Mironneau P. Mironneau Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Edouard‐Herriot, 69437 Lyon, Cedex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 3, 1 September 1994, Pages 449–451, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08540.x Published: 01 September 1994
A PISTOL SHOT WOUND OF THE ABDOMEN: THIRTEEN PERFORATIONS. RECOVERY.
Authors: O. H. SWAYZE
Journal: JAMA (1907)

History.  —R. B., a negro boy, aged 15, was shot in the abdomen with a.32-caliber pistol Aug. 15, 1907. Dr. W. E. Noblin had charge and called me in consultation immediately.  Operation.  —An incision about seven or eight inches long was made in the median line. The first thing noticed after opening the cavity was the strong odor of fecal matter and evidence of a profuse hemorrhage. The source of hemorrhage was sought and found to be the artery that supplies the appendix. The appendix had been completely severed by the ball, and was floating in the abdominal cavity, held only by the meso-appendix. There were thirteen perforations, two in the transverse colon, one in the cecum, and the remainder in the small intestines. A purse-string linen suture was used to close all perforations. Fecal matter had discharged freely from most of the perforations, and in some instances as much
Leukaemia cutis at the site of prior herpes zoster
Authors: P. Bahadoran, J.-P. Lacour, J.-P. Ortonne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Leukaemia cutis at the site of prior herpes zoster Get access P. Bahadoran, P. Bahadoran Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Archet 2, BP79, 06002 Nice, Cedex 3, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.‐P. Lacour, J.‐P. Lacour Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Archet 2, BP79, 06002 Nice, Cedex 3, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.‐P. Ortonne J.‐P. Ortonne Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Archet 2, BP79, 06002 Nice, Cedex 3, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 3, 1 March 1997, Page 465, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb14965.x Published: 01 March 1997
Acid suppression and gastric atrophy: sifting fact from fiction
Authors: R M Genta
Journal: Gut (1998)

Prolonged pharmacological acid suppression is associated with various histological changes in the gastric mucosa, particularly in Helicobacter pylori infected patients.In a number of subjects these changes include a shift in the gastric inflammation from the antrum to the corpus.This finding has been interpreted as gastric atrophy, and the possibility that acid suppression accelerates the progress of lesions that may lead to gastric cancer has been considered.Two recent studies on the relation between treatment with proton pump inhibitors and atrophic gastritis have yielded apparently contradictory results.These studies are reviewed in detail here and some of the possible reasons for the discrepant conclusions are explored.In particular, the way the terms "gastric atrophy" and "atrophic gastritis" are used is examined critically.
ABSOLUTE CORONARY BLOOD FLOW AND CORONARY FLOW RESERVE ASSESSED BY GATED SPECT WITH CADMIUM-ZINC-TELLURIDE DETECTORS: A DIRECT COMPARISON WITH 13N-AMMONIA PET
Authors: Aju P. Pazhenkottil, René Nkoulou, Silke Kuest, Jelena Ghadri, Michael Fiechter, Tobias Fuchs, Bernhard Herzog, Ronny Buechel, Oliver Gaemperli, Philipp Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A systematic study of the clinical and biochemical expression of variegate porphyria in a large South African family
Authors: R.J. Hift, D. Meissner, P.N. Meissner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Variegate porphyria (VP) is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with deficient haem synthesis. Recent reports indicate that the clinical penetrance of VP may have been overestimated in studies which predated the availability of DNA‐based testing for VP. Objectives To undertake a study specifically designed to assess the clinical and biochemical penetrance of VP in a kindred characterized by gene status. Methods We studied a large family carrying the South African founder mutation which is known to result in almost complete haplodeficiency. All informative members were tested for the R59W mutation. Biochemical evidence of porphyria was sought by porphyrin analysis and by plasma fluorescence scanning. The presence of clinically expressed porphyria was assessed using a structured questionnaire and telephone or personal interview. Results Of 62 informative subjects, 33 had inherited the mutation. Of 28 adults, one subject had experienced a single acute attack. She and a further 10 subjects had experienced photosensitivity. The frequency of acute attacks in this family is therefore 4% (95% confidence interval, CI 1–18%), and of photosensitivity is 39·3% (95% CI 24–58%). The sensitivity and specificity of porphyrin analysis in this family were 0·46 (95% CI 0·30–0·64) and 1·00 (95% CI 0·85–1·00), respectively, and for plasma scanning the values were 0·85 (95% CI 0·58–0·96) and 1·00 (95% CI 0·72–1·00), respectively. Conclusions The clinical penetrance of VP in our family is approximately 40%. Many more subjects with VP are diagnosed in an asymptomatic phase than previously, and the acute attack is now an uncommon manifestation of VP. Plasma scanning is more sensitive than faecal porphyrin analysis, but neither is sufficiently sensitive for the detection of carrier status.
Hypertension and Neuroticism
Authors: Paolo Santonastaso, Graziano Canton, Giovanni B. Ambrosio, Sergio Zamboni
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

324 normo- and hypertensive subjects were investigated for neurotic symptoms during outpatient screening for arterial hypertension. The patients were randomly selected and subdivided into three groups: 'new' hypertensives, 'old' hypertensives and normotensives. Neurotic symptoms were evaluated using the Kellner and Sheffield Symptom Rating Test. The mean values thus obtained were adjusted using covariance analysis, with age and sex as the covariants. The 'new' hypertensives scored significantly lower for total neuroticism, depression and inadequacy than the normotensives. They also differed from the 'old' hypertensives, scoring significantly lower for total neuroticism, anxiety, somatization and inadequacy. However, no differences were revealed between the 'old' hypertensives and the normotensives. The significance and implications of these psychological differences are discussed.
CROSS-REACTIONS OF PNEUMOCOCCAL TYPES
Authors: Michael Heidelberger, Jean M. Tyler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Data are given on the amounts of antibody nitrogen precipitated in the crossreactions, often reciprocal, of the specific capsular polysaccharides of the pneumococcal type pairs II and XX, II and XIX, VII and XIV, VII and XVIII, VII and XIX, VIII and XVIII, VIII and XIX, X and XIV, and X and XX. Since little is known of the fine structures of the polysaccharides of Types VII, X, XIX, and XX, rigorous correlations between chemical structure and specificity can not be made, but several tentative conclusions are drawn.
Exercise Interventions and Glycemic Control in Patients With Diabetes—Reply
Authors: Marco Pahor
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spontaneous Neuronal Network Dynamics Reveal Circuit’s Functional Adaptations for Behavior
Authors: Sebastián A. Romano, Thomas Pietri, Verónica Pérez-Schuster, Adrien Jouary, Mathieu Haudrechy, Germán Sumbre
Journal: Neuron (2015)

Highlights•Spontaneous functional assemblies reflect the tectal retinotopic map•Assemblies can be spontaneously engaged independently of retinal drive•Assemblies are all-or-none preferred states shaped by inhibitory competition•Assemblies are tuned to features relevant for a tectal-dependent vital behaviorSummarySpontaneous neuronal activity is spatiotemporally structured, influencing brain computations. Nevertheless, the neuronal interactions underlying these spontaneous activity patterns, and their biological relevance, remain elusive. Here, we addressed these questions using two-photon calcium imaging of intact zebrafish larvae to monitor the neuron-to-neuron spontaneous activity fine structure in the tectum, a region involved in visual spatial detection. Spontaneous activity was organized in topographically compact assemblies, grouping functionally similar neurons rather than merely neighboring ones, reflecting the tectal retinotopic map despite being independent of retinal drive. Assemblies represent all-or-none-like sub-networks shaped by competitive dynamics, mechanisms advantageous for visual detection in noisy natural environments. Notably, assemblies were tuned to the same angular sizes and spatial positions as prey-detection performance in behavioral assays, and their spontaneous activation predicted directional tail movements. Therefore, structured spontaneous activity represents "preferred" network states, tuned to behaviorally relevant features, emerging from the circuit's intrinsic non-linear dynamics, adapted for its functional role.
Teratogenic drugs--R.C.G.P. survey.
Authors: D. L. Crombie, R. J. Pinsent, B. C. Slater, D. Fleming, K. W. Cross
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MEBDITHALLike most of us, the young doctor is faced with the painful necessity of having to earn a living, particularly as he is likely to be married and often has a family to support.After, say, two years' work, he can enter general practice, an interesting and rewarding life with much variety, or decide on radiology as a career.In the former case he will have a fairly wide choice of district and start at £3,000-£4,000 p.a., achieving a high salary in the not too distant future.If he should choose radiology he will start as registrar for two years or more, obtain his D.M.R.D. and then become senior registrar for three years, altogether about five years' training.He can then take a further qualifica- tion if he wishes.He will then start as a consultant and after 10 years or more reach the maximum salary.This will still be less than in general practice, unless he is fortunate enough to obtain a merit award or a lucrative private practice, both of which are rare in radiology.
Influence of sham feeding on salt and water absorption in the human jejunum.
Authors: G R Barclay, L A Turnberg
Journal: Gut (1986)

Vagal stimulation induced by sham feeding in 11 healthy subjects was used to examine the possibility that the autonomic nervous system might be involved in the control of human jejunal absorption. Gastric acid secretion was measured from gastric aspirates corrected for recovery, and jejunal absorption was determined using a triple lumen perfusion technique. Sham feeding induced a significant increase in gastric acid secretion from 1.29 to 7.73 mmol/h (p less than 0.02). Jejunal absorption of water decreased significantly from 41.0 to 26.8 ml/30cm/h (p less than 0.02), sodium from 2.60 to 0.74 mmol/30cm/h (p less than 0.05, and chloride from 2.68 to 0.74 mmol/30cm/h (p less than 0.02). During the hour after sham feeding gastric acid secretion and jejunal absorption returned towards basal values. These results suggest that vagal stimulation may have influenced jejunal absorption of salt and water in man and supports the possibility that the autonomic nervous system has a physiological role in the control of intestinal mucosal function.
Serum bile acids and esterified bilirubin in early detection and differential diagnosis of hepatic dysfunction following orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: M. Muraca, K. Kohlhaw, M.T. Vilei, B. Ringe, H. Bunzendahl, G. Gubernatis, K. Wonigeit, G. Brunner, R. Pichlmayr
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
7 PRECLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PRO 206, AN ORALLY ACTIVE SMALL-MOLECULE HEPATITIS C (HCV) ENTRY INHIBITOR
Authors: D. Qian, G. Coburn, A.Q. Han, J.-M. de Muys, C. Gauss, K. Provoncha, M. Canfield, D. Paul, S. Mohamed, S. Moorji, D. Fisch, J. Murga, Y. Rotshteyn, P.J. Maddon, W.C. Olson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
842-6 Anemia is associated with reduced health status measures in patients with heart failure: Results from the STAMINA: HFP (study of anemia in a heart failure population) registry
Authors: Kirkwood F Adams, Ileana Pina, Biljana Pavlovic-Surjancev, Lynne E Wagoner, Stephanie H Dunlap, Todd A Schwartz, Wendy A Gattis, Mandeep R Mehra, Jalal K Ghali, David Wolinski, William Pitt, John Kim, Javed Butler, Ron M Oren
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Sir Victor Horsley, F.R.C.S., F.R.S., 1857-1916.
Authors: J. B. Lyons
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Measurements of bone lead concentrations in the tibia, wrist, sternum, and calcaneus were performed in vivo by x ray fluorescence on active and retired lead workers from two acid battery factories, office personnel in the two factories under study, and control subjects. Altogether 171 persons were included. Lead concentrations in the tibia and ulna (representative of cortical bone) appeared to behave similarly with respect to time but the ulnar measurement was much less precise. In an analogous fashion, lead in the calcaneus and sternum (representative of trabecular bone) behaved in the same way, but sternal measurement was less precise. Groups occupationally exposed to lead were well separated from the office workers and the controls on the basis of calculated skeletal lead burdens, whereas the differences in blood lead concentrations were not as great, suggesting that the use of concentrations of lead in blood might seriously underestimate lead body burden. The exposures encountered in the study were modest, however. The mean blood lead value among active lead workers was 1.45 mumol l-1 and the mean tibial lead concentration 21.1 micrograms (g bone mineral)-1. The kinetics of lead in the tibia appeared to be noticeably different from that in the calcaneus. Tibial lead concentration increased consistently both as a function of intensity of exposure and of duration of exposure. Calcaneal lead concentration, by contrast, was strongly dependent on the intensity rather than duration of exposure. This indicated that the biological half life of lead in calcaneus was less than the seven to eight year periods into which the duration of exposure was split. Findings for retired workers clearly showed that endogenous exposure to lead arising from skeletal burdens accumulated over a working lifetime can easily produce the dominant contribution to systemic lead concentrations once occupational exposure has ceased.