tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pronunciation and Acoustics
Authors: Julian Love
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, I attended the convention of the American College of Physicians and heard some presentations concerning the B- and T-lymphocytes. Possibly because I do not possess the same degree of auditory acuity that I had previously, or more likely because of the inadequacies of the speaking system and acoustics in lecture halls, I was unable to determine whether the speaker said "T" or "B." Therefore, may I suggest that these two lymphocytes be renamed as "beta" or "tau." Perhaps in written communications that won't be necessary, but in oral presentations I think it would help, as I do not think that I am the only one sometimes unable to distinguish "B" and "T" as they come over the microphone.
Tc-99m HMPAO Brain SPECT Compared to CT and EEG After Seizures in Childhood
Authors: ERAY ALPER, NILGUN KOKSAL, MUSTAFA HACIMUSTAFAOGLU, TAYYAR AKBUNAR, OZGEN ERALP
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Twenty-one children with various seizure disorders were studied using Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT, cranial CT, and electroencephalography (EEG). The rates of pathologic findings on SPECT, CT, and EEG were 67%, 38%, and 52%, respectively. SPECT showed congruent, or more extensive, lesions in all eight patients with CT lesions. Six of the 13 children who had normal CT results, had abnormal SPECT study results. In this postictal series, 4 of the 14 abnormalities detected in the first SPECT study that was applied within 24 hours of a selzure, were in the form of hyperperfused areas. Eight of the 14 abnormal first SPECT studies had become normal by the second SPECT. We conclude that, with respect to the depiction of some kind of abnormality, HMPAO brain SPECT is superior to CT and EEG, and considerable changes in brain perfusion are likely to occur over a period of a few weeks.
Government compromises on mental health bill
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Doctors' leaders have called for the resignation of the chief medical officer for England, Liam Donaldson, blaming him for a catalogue of disasters that is engulfing the NHS.John Hyslop, chairman of the BMA's Central Consultants and Specialists Committee, who proposed the motion at the BMA's annual representatives' meeting, cited as reasons for Professor Donaldson to resign the disagreement between doctors and the Department of Health over doctors' regulation and the chaos created by the new system for allocating training places for junior doctors.Both were good ideas that had got "into problems because of mismanagement by the Department of Health," he said.Dr Hyslop also called the department's proposal to lower the standard of proof to lower the standard of proof needed to strike off a doctor-from the criminal one of "beyond all reasonable doubt" to the civil standard of "balance of probability"-as "rough justice for doctors and patients.""Deliver safe changes-something that is fit for purpose, not endless paper trails distracting us from caring for our patients," he told the conference."The nation is now threatened by the NHS in crisis."He said that in May 2006 the then chairman of the BMA's council, James Johnson, and the chairwoman of the Junior Doctors Committee, Jo Hilborne, had been "knocking at the door" of the chief medical officer asking to discuss the medical training application system (MTAS), the new system for allocating junior doctor training posts, because they could foresee problems, but they were effectively frozen out.Dr Hilborne said that Professor Donaldson had been "very distant" since MTAS ran into problems."He has not been a very visible presence, and I feel he should have been watching it and stepping in when it went wrong," she said. Doctors call for England's CMO to resignUK NEWS Public backs the idea of an indepenedent NHS, p1343 World NEWS �id �o�ke�s a�e co�p�o�ised b�� �a� on te��o�, UN official sa��s p134� �id �o�ke�s a�e co�p�o�ised b�� �a� on te��o�, UN official sa��s p134� , UN official sa��s p134� b�j.co�NHS �ust pla�� its pa�t in tacklin�� cli�ate chan��e NHS �ust pla�� its pa�t in tacklin�� cli�ate chan��e
Cinnamon bark oil, a potent fungitoxicant against fungi causing respiratory tract mycoses
Authors: H. B. Singh, M. Srivastava, A. B. Singh, A. K. Srivastava
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Cinnamic aldehyde has been identified as the active fungitoxic constituent of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil. The fungitoxic properties of the vapours of the oil/active constituent against fungi involved in respiratory tract mycoses, i.e., Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans A. flavus, Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, and Histoplasma capsulatum, were determined in vitro as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum lethal concentration (MLC), inoculum density sustained, and exposure duration for fungicidal action at MIC and higher doses, as well as effect of incubation temperatures on fungitoxicity. It is concluded that these inhalable vapours appear to approach the ideal chemotherapy for respiratory tract mycoses.
Will Civilian Physicians See Post-Somalia Malaria?
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1993)

MILITARY physicians now are recommending an additional 2-week course of daily treatment with 15 mg of primaquine phosphate (Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY),  ensure eradication of any remaining [ Plasmodium ] vivax malaria parasites among US armed services women and men returning from Somalia in northeast Africa.  The Office of the Surgeon General of the US Army (Alcide M. LaNoue, MD, a lieutenant general) Falls Church, Va, says that, to date, 41 cases of malaria  been diagnosed among soldiers who became ill after their return to the United States ( JAMA . 1993;269:2833-2838). Most of these patients are from units now at Ft Drum, Watertown, NY, that were deployed to the Jubba Valley region of southern Somalia.  Index of Suspicion  The Army surgeon general says that all the infected soldiers so far have responded well to treatment, although military physicians of course are watching closely for possibly resistant strains of malaria.
The place of epidemiology in environmental decisions: needed support for the development of risk assessment policy.
Authors: R R Neutra, D Trichopoulos
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Some of the most challenging problems in the use of epidemiology for regulatory policy concern summarizing epidemiological and other kinds of information to create a weight of evidence. Another frequent issue is whether to embark on epidemiological study. There are also concerns that negative results never see the light of day. These and other meta-issues are worthy of funded evaluation by expert work groups.
BMA calls for government action on drugs and driving
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The BMA has called on the UK government to develop a campaign to highlight that taking drugs—whether prescribed, over the counter, or illegal—can impair driving capacity in a similar way to alcohol.

The BMA has recommended that the government should coordinate scientific research to establish effective drug testing devices and should educate the public on the association between taking some drugs and impaired driving ability. These recommendations were put before parliament on 12 March by Labour MP David Kidney as an early day motion, to provoke debate in the House of Commons.

To help publicise the problem, the BMA has developed a website that reviews trends in road …
Central nervous system pH in uremia and the effects of hemodialysis.
Authors: A I Arieff, R Guisado, S G Massry, V C Lazarowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Rapid hemodialysis of uremic animals may induce a syndrome characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, grand mal seizures, and electroencephalographic abnormalities. There is a fall in pH and bicarbonate concentration in CSF, and brain osmolality exceeds that of plasma, resulting in a net movement of water into the brain. This syndrome has been called experimental dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. The fall in pH of CSF may be secondary to a fall of intracellular pH (pHi) in brain. Since changes in pHi can alter intracellular osmolality in other tissues, it was decided to investigate brain pHi in uremia, and the effects of hemodialysis. Brain pHi was measured by evaluating the distribution of 14C-labeled dimethadione in brain relative to CSF, while extracellular space was calculated as the 35504=/4 space relative to CSF. In animals with acute renal failure, brain (cerebral cortex) pHi was 7.06+/-0.02 (+/-SE) while that in CSF was 7.31+/-0.02, both values not different from normal. After rapid hemodialysis (100 min) of uremic animals, plasma creatinine fell from 11.8 to 5.9 mg/dl. Brain pHi was 6.89+/-0.02 and CSF pH and 7.19+/-0.02, both values significantly lower than in uremic animals (P less than 0.01), and there was a 12% increase in brain water content. After slow hemodialysis (210 min), brain pHi (7.01+/-0.02) and pH in CSF (7.27+/-0.02) were both significantly greater than values observed after rapid hemodialysis (P less than 0.01), and brain water content was normal. None of the above maneuvers had any effect on pHi of skeletal muscle or subcortical white matter. The data show that rapid hemodialysis of uremic dogs is accompanied by a significant fall in pH of CSF and pHi in cerebral cortex. Accompanying the fall in brain pHi is cerebral edema.
The inlAB locus mediates the entry of Listeria monocytogenes into hepatocytes in vivo.
Authors: J L Gaillard, F Jaubert, P Berche
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

The intracellular parasite Listeria monocytogenes is able to induce its internalization by cultured mammalian cells that are not normally phagocytic. This process requires the expression of the chromosomal locus inlAB. We studied the virulence of an inlAB mutant and of its parent in murine listeriosis. Irrespective of the route of inoculation, the inlAB mutant was severely attenuated for growth in the liver. The livers of mice inoculated with the inlAB mutant displayed much smaller infectious foci than the parent as early as 24 h after infection. Electron microscopy showed that these foci consisted of a few inflammatory cells, with few bacteria; bacteria were rarely found within hepatocytes. In contrast, foci in livers of mice inoculated with the parent consisted of islets of heavily infected hepatocytes that were infiltrated by numerous neutrophils; bacteria seemed intact within hepatocytes and damaged within neutrophils. A direct role of inlAB for the entry of L. monocytogenes into hepatocytes was confirmed in a cell infection system using the murine embryonic hepatocyte cell line TIB73. The inlAB mutant was approximately 20-fold less invasive in trans. The "invasion locus" inlAB contributes to protect L. monocytogenes from the host's innate defense mechanisms by promoting its entry into hepatocytes.
First weeks of life are crucial to reducing child mortality further, says WHO
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The annual number of deaths among children under 5 years old fell by 30% between 1990 and 2008 to 8.8 million, partly because of greater use of interventions to combat malaria and to prevent transmission of HIV from mothers to their children and greater coverage of vaccines against measles, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type B, a World Health Organization report says.

However, despite these encouraging advances, regional and national averages mask considerable inequities, the report adds. WHO says that “concerted efforts” will be needed to achieve the target under the United Nations’ millennium development …
Choice of electrocardiographic leads for recording the earliest QRS onset in noninvasive measurements.
Authors: K L Wanderman, G Loutaty, I Ovsyshcher, A Cantor, Y Gussarsky, M Gueron
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A significant error may be introduced in intervals measured from the onset of the QRS if an electrocardiographic lead that does not record the earliest deflection is used. To ascertain to what extent the commonly used leads can be relied on to show the earliest QRS onset, 100 normal subjects and 219 patients with heart disease were studied by means of simultaneous recording of three leads: a right precordial lead chosen to show an rS configuration, lead II, and another limb lead chosen to show a qR configuration. Lead II most frequently showed a delayed QRS onset--in 34% of normal subjects and 36% of the patients. In the other limb lead the initial QRS deflection was delayed in 24% of the normal subjects and 23% of the patients. The QRS onset in the right precordial lead was never delayed in the normal subjects; however, it was delayed in this lead in 6% of the patients. The delays in each of the leads ranged from 5-20 msec. We conclude that while a right precordial lead is by far the most reliable single lead that can be used for interval measurements, simultaneous recording of a right precordial lead and a limb lead assures that recording of the earliest QRS onset in all cases.
Medical Student Abuse
Authors: J. Paul Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drs Silver and Rosenberg's<sup>1</sup>article awakened memories of several professors and residents who used abusive techniques in their teaching of medical students. Their approach was based more on a position of authority and power rather than leadership and inspiration. My concern is that the authors did not indicate the need for persons practicing such abuse to obtain help. In medical school it was often the most abusive residents and professors who were the least secure and capable physicians and teachers. It is rarely necessary for a truly gifted teacher to stoop to using such abuse and intimidation. I am certain that much of the resistance to peer review and the failure of continued professional growth beyond our training programs stem from this pattern of teaching through intimidation. This approach creates a fear of failure that causes a sclerosis of one of the most important things a
TV: The Lost Prince
Authors: I. McClure
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img>![Graphic][5]</img> BBC 1, 19 and 26 January at 8.30 pm The distinguished writer Stephen Poliakoff has pulled a royal rabbit out of history's hat for this two part series. He tells the true, but incredible, story of Prince John (1905–19), the youngest son of King George V and Queen Mary, who developed epilepsy and pervasive developmental disorder, and who had a learning disability. Royal embarrassment meant that John's existence and condition were concealed. His case raises fascinating questions. What was the degree of medical and social knowledge 100 years ago regarding neuropsychiatric conditions in … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif
Abstract 670: Aurora kinase inhibitor VE 465 synergistically enhances cytotoxicity of carboplatin in ovarian cancer cells through induction of apoptosis and downregulation of histone 3
Authors: Siqing Fu, Yangfan Li, De-yu Shen, Hong Zheng, John J. Kavanagh, Rebert C. Bast, Anil K. Sood, Wei Hu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Aurora kinases are essential for the regulation of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis during mitosis and play a role in tumorigenesis and progression in human tumors, including ovarian cancer. Aurora A and Aurora B are frequently overexpressed in high-grade and low-grade ovarian cancers. Targeting aurora kinases has great potential for improving the efficacy of treatment of ovarian cancer. In this study, we investigated whether the Aurora kinase inhibitor VE 465 will enhance the antitumor activity of carboplatin in human ovarian cancer cells. Cell viability was tested using the MTT assay in seven established human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines with varying p53 status. We found that VE 465 and carboplatin had a synergistic effect (defined by the combination index) in both platinum-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancers and that the growth-inhibitory effect was accompanied by reduction in expression of histone 3 and an increase in apoptosis. Aurora kinase inhibition in combination with carboplatin chemotherapy is an attractive combination for further development. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 670.
Effects of benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin alone and in combination against antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant skin bacteria from acne patients
Authors: E.A. EADY, M.R. FARMERY, J.I. ROSS, J.H. COVE, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Effects of benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin alone and in combination against antibiotic‐sensitive and ‐resistant skin bacteria from acne patients Get access E.A. EADY, E.A. EADY The Skin Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.R. FARMERY, M.R. FARMERY The Skin Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.I. ROSS, J.I. ROSS The Skin Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.H. COVE, J.H. COVE The Skin Research Centre, Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFE W.J. CUNLIFFE Department of Dermatology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 3, 1 September 1994, Pages 331–336, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08519.x Published: 01 September 1994 Article history Accepted: 20 January 1994 Published: 01 September 1994
The Public Health Response to Diabetes—Two Steps Forward, One Step Back
Authors: Edward W. Gregg
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aerosolized nanogram quantities of plasmid DNA mediate highly efficient gene delivery to mouse airway epithelium
Authors: Carsten Rudolph, Ulrike Schillinger, Aurora Ortiz, Christian Plank, Monika M. Golas, Bjoern Sander, Holger Stark, Joseph Rosenecker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The lung is an important target of gene therapeutic interventions. In contrast to intratracheal instillation, inhalation would be the most practical route of administration in clinical applications. Here we show that aerosolized nanogram quantities of pDNA complexed to PEI (350 ng) yielded transfection levels 15-fold higher than a 140-fold higher dose (50 μg) of the same vector applied directly to the lungs of mice via intratracheal intubation. An important efficacy parameter is the osmolarity of the aerosol and not biophysical properties of the nebulized vector. Vectors formulated and nebulized in hypoosmotic distilled water yielded 57- and 185-fold higher expression levels than those in isotonic 5% glucose or Hepes-buffered saline, respectively. Pretreatment of mice with nebulized indomethacin, which prevents water-induced airway alteration, resulted in lower gene expression, whereas pretreatment with EGTA or polidocanol, which modulate tight-junction activity, had no effect. These results, together with histological analysis of regional lung deposition and gene expression, suggest that a temporary water-induced hypoosmotic shock permeabilizes the epithelium sufficiently to allow vector uptake. The so far observed inefficiency of nonviral gene delivery to the airways may be the result of an inappropriate method of vector administration.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE SURGERY OF THE COMMON BILE-DUCT: REPORT OF A CASE OF CHOLEDOCHEN-TEROSTOMY.
Authors: JOHN E. SUMMERS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

It would be interesting to discuss the progress of the growth of surgery of the common bile-duct following so closely upon that of the more perfect technique of operative work on the gall-bladder and cystic duct. However, the time at my disposal would scarcely admit of more than a mere outline, the details of which can be found in several well-known monographs. I would particularly refer to the writings of Mayo Robson, whose operative experience in the surgery of the gall-bladder and bile-duct is probably as great as that of any other surgeon in the world. With this brief explanatory excuse for not indulging in ancient or modern history, I ask your attention to the subject title of my paper. A well-developed young woman 18 years of age, was referred to me for operation for "gall-stones." The history given was that for the past five years she had been a