tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Very-Low-Calorie Diets and Electrocardiographic Changes
Authors: NAGRAJ NARASIMHAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1985Very-Low-Calorie Diets and Electrocardiographic ChangesNAGRAJ NARASIMHAN, M.D., WILLIAM M. BENNETT, M.D.NAGRAJ NARASIMHAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM M. BENNETT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-5-716_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: As pointed out in the editorial by MOSS (1), life-threatening arrhythmias have been implicated in the death of several morbidly obese patients on a liquid protein diet for rapid weight loss. Those arrhythmias were associated with QT interval prolongation and low QRS voltage (2).To further elucidate the frequency of these changes, we prospectively studied 12-lead electrocardiograms of 22 markedly obese patients (50% to 99% over their ideal body weight) maintained on a supplemented fasting program for an average of 8.5 months (range, 4 to 14 months). The supplement consisted of pasteurized egg white, 300 to 450...References1. MOSS A. Caution: very-low-calorie diets can be deadly [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:121-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ISNER J, SOURS H, PARIS A, FERRANS V, and ROBERTS W. Sudden, unexpected death in avid dieters using the liquid-protein-modified fast diet: observations in 17 patients and the role of the prolonged QT interval. Circulation. 1979;60:1401-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PHINNEY S, BISTRIAN B, and KOSINSKI E. Normal cardiac rhythm during hypocaloric diets of varying carbohydrate content. Arch Intern Med. 1983;143:2258-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NAGRAJ NARASIMHAN, M.D.; WILLIAM M. BENNETT, M.D.Affiliations: Oregon Health Sciences University Portland, OR 97201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byObesity: Evaluation and treatmentElectrocardiographic abnormalities in anorexia nervosaSudden cardiac arrest in morbidly obese surgical patients unexplained after autopsy 1 May 1985Volume 102, Issue 5Page: 716-716KeywordsArrhythmiaBody weightDietElectrocardiographyLeptinOverweightWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Investigating the Intron Recognition Mechanism in Eukaryotes
Authors: Lesley Collins, David Penny
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Recent studies indicate that many introns, as well as the complex spliceosomal mechanism to remove them, were present early in eukaryotic evolution. This study examines intron and exon characteristics from annotations of whole genomes to investigate the intron recognition mechanism. Exon definition uses the exon as the unit of recognition, placing length constraints on the exon but not on the intron (allowing it a greater range of lengths). In contrast, intron definition uses the intron itself as the unit of recognition and thus removes constraints on internal exon length forced by the use of an exon definition mechanism. Thus, intron and exon lengths within a genome can reflect the constraints imposed by its splicing. This study shows that it is possible firstly to recover valid intron and exon information from genome annotation. We then compare internal intron and exon information from a range of eukaryotic genomes and investigate possible evolutionary length constraints on introns and exons and how they can impact on the intron recognition mechanism. Results indicate that exon definition–based mechanisms may predominate in vertebrates although the exact system in fish is expected to show some differences with the better characterized system from mammals. We also raise the possibility that the last common ancestor of plants and animals contained some type of exon definition and that this mechanism was replaced in some genes and lineages by intron definition, possibly as a result of intron loss and/or intron shortening.
Leprosy in Theory and Practice
Authors: George L. Fite
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The first competent description of leprosy in the English tongue was that of Pontoppidan (1753), concealed within his writing on the natural history of Norway. The latest is Cochrane and Davey's many-authored work, which materially advances the subject. Cochrane began to assemble his large experience with leprosy in 1949, and now he and Davey (and 41 others) have provided the current text—advanced, enlarged, and the only comprehensive treatment of leprosy in the English language.  The chapters covering recent investigations and thinkings are excellent. Others in which the discussion is more didactic are usually easier reading, and only a few chapters need to be brought up to date, or to have their viewpoints broadened.  The reader must accept the evidences that much of what is practiced in the field in leprosy is done with minimal economic or medical advantage. Leprosy is still a nasty and serious disease, decidedly benefited by the
A high prevalence of abnormal personality traits in chronic users of anabolic-androgenic steroids.
Authors: C J Cooper, T D Noakes, T Dunne, M I Lambert, K Rochford
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

(1) To assess the personality profiles of the anabolic androgenic steroid users (AAS) and (2) to determine whether valid premorbid personality traits could be obtained from cross sectional assessment using multisource data.The first author became a participant-observer in a group of body builders. An experimental group of body builders who had been using AAS for no more than 18 months (n = 12) was identified. A group of control subjects, each of whom claimed that he did not, and never had, used AAS (n = 12) was also recruited during this period. Key informants played a crucial role in recruiting subjects representative of the AAS and body building communities. An interview schedule based on the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM3-R) personality disorder criteria was conducted with each subject. Additional data were obtained from an AAS using informant and significant others including family and friends.The user group was significantly heavier than the control group and showed abnormal personality traits, in contrast to the control group. Personality traits of AAS users before the onset of AAS use, assessed retrospectively, were not different from personality traits of control subjects. There were significant differences between the before and after personality traits in AAS user group.The results suggest (1) that AAS use is associated with significant disturbances in personality profile, and (2) that these personality disturbances are possibly the direct result of AAS use.
High Frequency of Allelic Imbalance at the BRCA1 Region on Chromosome 17q in Both familial and Sporadic Ductal Breast Carcinomas
Authors: A. Borg, Q.-X. Zhang, O. Johannsson, H. Olsson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article High Frequency of Allelic Imbalance at the BRCA1 Region on Chromosome 17q in Both familial and Sporadic Ductal Breast Carcinomas Get access Åke Borg, Åke Borg Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Corespondence to: Åke Borg, Ph.D., Department of Oncology, University Hospital, S-221 85 Lund. Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Qiu-Xia Zhang, Qiu-Xia Zhang Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Oskar Johannsson, Oskar Johannsson Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Håkan Olsson Håkan Olsson Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 10, 18 May 1994, Pages 792–794, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.10.792 Published: 18 May 1994 Article history Received: 12 October 1993 Revision received: 17 February 1994 Accepted: 25 February 1994 Published: 18 May 1994
Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency and Malaria
Authors: Kodjo Ayi, Gundula Min-Oo, Lena Serghides, Maryanne Crockett, Melanie Kirby-Allen, Ian Quirt, Philippe Gros, Kevin C. Kain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Malaria that is caused by Plasmodium falciparum is a significant global health problem. Genetic characteristics of the host influence the severity of disease and the ultimate outcome of infection, and there is evidence of coevolution of the plasmodium parasite with its host. In humans, pyruvate kinase deficiency is the second most common erythrocyte enzyme disorder. Here, we show that pyruvate kinase deficiency provides protection against infection and replication of P. falciparum in human erythrocytes, raising the possibility that mutant pyruvate kinase alleles may confer a protective advantage against malaria in human populations in areas where the disease is endemic.
Cholinergic mesencephalic neurons are involved in gait and postural disorders in Parkinson disease
Authors: Carine Karachi, David Grabli, Frédéric A. Bernard, Dominique Tandé, Nicolas Wattiez, Hayat Belaid, Eric Bardinet, Annick Prigent, Hans-Peter Nothacker, Stéphane Hunot, Andreas Hartmann, Stéphane Lehéricy, Etienne C. Hirsch, Chantal François
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Gait disorders and postural instability, which are commonly observed in elderly patients with Parkinson disease (PD), respond poorly to dopaminergic agents used to treat other parkinsonian symptoms. The brain structures underlying gait disorders and falls in PD and aging remain to be characterized. Using functional MRI in healthy human subjects, we have shown here that activity of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), which is composed of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and the adjacent cuneiform nucleus, was modulated by the speed of imagined gait, with faster imagined gait activating a discrete cluster within the MLR. Furthermore, the presence of gait disorders in patients with PD and in aged monkeys rendered parkinsonian by MPTP intoxication correlated with loss of PPN cholinergic neurons. Bilateral lesioning of the cholinergic part of the PPN induced gait and postural deficits in nondopaminergic lesioned monkeys. Our data therefore reveal that the cholinergic neurons of the PPN play a central role in controlling gait and posture and represent a possible target for pharmacological treatment of gait disorders in PD.
Visual Hallucinations: More Diagnoses-Reply
Authors: Michael E. Newmark
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The carefully written letters by Dr Carney and Drs Rolak and Baram are appreciated. Concerning the letter by Dr Carney, vascular disease may well be the cause of this man's hemiparesis and symptoms, and was originally mentioned in the discussion. However, with an 80-year-old man with a severe fixed deficit, many physicians would not subject the man to an arteriogram and few would go further and attempt vertebral artery surgery. The value of vascular surgery for patients with cerebrovascular disease has always been speculative; with the combination of age and a severe deficit, I would think that further vascular evaluation would not be rewarding. Concerning the letter by Drs Rolak and Baram, the Charles Bonnet syndrome is indeed a possibility. With the patient of Dr Babcock's, however, the episodes of visual hallucinations were constant, brief, and stereotyped; they apparently did not vary from episode to episode. In my
Endoscopic-ultrasound-guided mural trucut biopsy in the investigation of unexplained thickening of esophagogastric wall
Authors: T. Thomas, P. Kaye, K. Ragunath, G. Aithal
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Background and aims: Esophageal and/or gastric wall thickening raises the possibility of malignancy. Endoscopic-ultrasound-(EUS-)guided targeted biopsy of the thickened wall is possible. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EUS-guided mural trucut biopsies (TCB) in detecting underlying malignancy in patients with thickened esophagogastric wall and negative mucosal biopsies.
Diagnosis of periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases
Authors: Richard C. K. Jordan
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2004)

Summary Many systemic diseases can mimic periodontitis or gingivitis. These include many immunologic, infectious, neoplastic and metabolic disorders. In comparison with periodontitis and gingivitis, these disorders are considerably less common. However, since their diagnosis and management differ, a high index of suspicion is frequently needed when confronted a patient presenting with gingival or periodontal disease. This chapter has reviewed a number of systemic conditions that may mimic clinically both gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and has focused on the features that may assist the clinician in making the diagnosis and providing specific therapies.
Exhibition: Last Impressions
Authors: P. Keeley
Journal: BMJ (2002)

An exhibition at the Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, until 25 May 2002 The exhibition is also available at http://www.hunterian.gla.ac.uk/museum/exhibitions/deathmask/death_index.html Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Monday to Saturday 9.30 am to 5 pm. Admission free We all know the old chestnut that we all contain a molecule from the dying breath of Julius Caesar. Why is this appealing? Probably for the same reason as with the reputed last words of King George V: "Bugger Bognor." The veracity or otherwise of either of these is not really the point—the fascination … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Drugs and Phantasy: The Effects of LSD, Psilocybin and Sernyl on College Students
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This book attempts to set down, almost verbatim, the verbalizations of three subjects given LSD, psilocybin, sernyl, and a placebo. The drugs were administered in a single-blind fashion under conditions of sensory monotony, namely, listening to  noise and looking at a glazed white dome for three hours.  What the authors hoped to achieve was to eliminate the extraneous factors of setting and set and to study the drug effects alone. Even in the restricted environment, this was hardly possible, for the subjects brought with them into the drug sessions their own many variables. Moods varied from week to week, and the nonrandomized order in which the four drugs were administered influenced certain aspects of each drug experience.  The effects of LSD and psilocybin reflect the reports in the literature. Emotional lability, mental confusion, changes in ego boundaries, and the well-known colorful perceptual alterations are mentioned. Sernyl tends to evoke
THE FATE OF ANTIGEN (PROTEIN) IN AN ANIMAL IMMUNIZED AGAINST IT
Authors: Eugene L. Opie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

When proteins such as horse serum or crystalline egg albumin which have been selected because they produce the phenomena of immunity are introduced into a normal animal they diffuse widely in the tissue, enter the blood stream, and are disseminated throughout the body. The same substances introduced into an immune animal are fixed at the site of entry and are not found in the blood. When protein is injected into the skin of an immune animal acute inflammation (Arthus phenomenon) occurs at the site of injection and brings about destruction of the foreign substance.
Molecular composition of transfusion dextran. A report to the Medical Research Council's Blood Transfusion Research Committee.
Authors: C. R. Ricketts
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Prolapse in Elderly Women-Robertson arnd Russell BRMM 1423 has shown that the immediate mortality is low, and that most patients derive great benefit from operation.It is gratifying to learn from family doctors and from relations that for many of these women the last few months or years of life were made much more comfortable by plastic repair operations.We are grateful to our consultant colleagues, Mr. Frank Stabler,
Statement of the Judicial Council Re: Advertising and Solicitation
Authors: Henry I. Fineberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This statement reaffirms the long-standing policy of the Judicial Council on advertising and solicitation by physicians. The<i>Principles of Medical Ethics</i>are intended to discourage abusive practices that exploit patients and the public and interfere with freedom in making an informed choice of physicians and free competition among physicians. <h3>Advertising.—</h3> The<i>Principles</i>do not proscribe advertising; they proscribe the solicitation of patients. Advertising means the action of making information or intention known to the public. The public is entitled to know the names of physicians, the type of their practices, the location of their offices, their office hours, and other useful information that will enable people to make a more informed choice of physician. The physician may furnish this information through the accepted local media of advertising or communication, which are open to all physicians on like conditions. Office signs, professional cards, dignified announcements, telephone directory listings, and reputable directories
Preventing injuries in children: cluster randomised controlled trial in primary care
Authors: D. Kendrick, P. Marsh, K. Fielding, P. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To assess the effectiveness of safety advice at child health surveillance consultations, provision of low cost safety equipment to families receiving means tested state benefits, home safety checks, and first aid training on frequency and severity of unintentional injuries in children at home.Cluster randomised controlled trial.36 general practices in Nottingham.All children aged 3-12 months registered with participating practices.A package of safety advice at child health surveillance consultations at 6-9, 12-15, and 18-24 months; provision of low cost safety equipment to families on means tested state benefits; and home safety checks and first aid training by health visitors.Primary outcomes measures were frequency and severity of medically attended injuries. Secondary outcome measures were self reported safety practices, possession and use of safety equipment, knowledge and confidence in dealing with first aid, and perceptions of risk of injury and risk of hazards assessed by postal questionnaire at baseline and follow up at 25 months.At baseline, both groups had similar risk factors for injury, sociodemographic characteristics, safety practices, possession and use of safety equipment, knowledge and confidence in dealing with first aid, and perceptions of risk. No significant difference was found in frequency of at least one medically attended injury (odds ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.72 to 1.30), at least one attendance at an accident and emergency department for injury (1.02, 0.76 to 1.37), at least one primary care attendance for injury (0.75, 0.48 to 1.17), or at least one hospital admission for injury (0.69, 0.42 to 1.12). No significant difference in the secondary outcome measures was found between the intervention and control groups.The intervention package was not effective in reducing the frequency of minor unintentional injuries in children at home, and larger trials are required to assess the effect on more severe injuries.
Prospective evaluation of outcomes and predictors of mortality in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome undergoing liver transplantation
Authors: Miguel R. Arguedas, Gary A. Abrams, Michael J. Krowka, Michael B. Fallon
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) occurs in a subgroup of patients with cirrhosis and results from intrapulmonary vasodilatation, which may cause significant hypoxemia. Liver transplantation has emerged as a therapeutic option for patients with HPS based on retrospective case series and reports. However, morbidity and mortality appear to be increased after transplantation for HPS, and no prospective studies evaluating clinical features that may predict poor surgical outcome are available. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated the utility of the degree of hypoxemia, the arterial oxygen response to 100% oxygen administration, and the macroaggregated albumin (MAA) scan quantification of intrapulmonary shunting as predictors for outcome after liver transplantation. Our cohort consisted of 24 patients with cirrhosis and HPS who underwent liver transplantation over a 5-year period at 2 transplant centers who were followed at least 1 year after transplantation. All patients underwent preoperative evaluation for HPS with standardized methods. Seven patients (29%) died postoperatively, 5 of cardiorespiratory complications. All deaths occurred within 10 weeks after transplantation. A preoperative arterial oxygen tension (PaO 2 ) of ≤ 50 mm Hg alone or in combination with a MAA shunt fraction ≥ 20% were the strongest predictors of postoperative mortality. In conclusion, we found that mortality is increased after liver transplantation for HPS, particularly in patients with more severe hypoxemia and significant intrapulmonary shunting. Preoperative testing for the severity of HPS can be used to stratify patients according to the risk for postoperative mortality.
Abstract 3409: Inhibition of checkpoint kinase 2 enhances sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to Gemcitabine.
Authors: Hong-Quan Duong, Jung Soon Kim, Hee-Seok Lee, Yeon-Sun Seong, Insoo Bae
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Checkpoint kinase 1/2 (Chk1/2) plays pivotal function as effectors of cell cycle checkpoint regulation following DNA damage. Small molecule inhibitors of Chk1/2 are under clinical evaluation in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. We examined whether NSC109555, a competitive inhibitor of Chk2 inhibitor could enhance the synergistic antitumor effect(s) of Gemcitabine(GEM) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell model. In the present study, the combination treatment by NSC109555 plus GEM demonstrated strong synergistic antitumor effect in four pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, the combination treatment of NSC109555 plus GEM significantly increased the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by induction of apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, the inhibition of ROS generation by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly prevented the decrease in cell survival and increase in apoptotic cell death by combination treatment of NSC109555 plus GEM. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated knockdown of Chk2 also enhanced GEM-inhibited cell survival and GEM-induced apoptotic cell death. Our findings suggest that NSC109555 would be beneficial therapeutic agents when combined with GEM and support the novel synthetical lethal approach for cancer therapy by these combinations for preclinical and clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Hong-Quan Duong, Jung Soon Kim, Hee-Seok Lee, Yeon-Sun Seong, Insoo Bae, Dept. Oncol and Dept. of Rad. Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University. Inhibition of checkpoint kinase 2 enhances sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to Gemcitabine. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3409. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3409