tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dipyridamole-Thallium Scanning in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery
Authors: Ira J. Isaacson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  With regard to the article entitled Dipyridamole-Thallium Scanning in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery by Eagle et al, 1 a few comments are offered.  It is unclear what is the value of the authors' validation set. Although this validation was done prospectively, it did not add any further information. In addition, the patients' surgical procedures were different in the two groups. The incidence of significant coronary disease in asymptomatic candidates for abdominal aortic surgery is known to be higher than for carotid or distal ischemic extremity surgery. 2 A true validation set, if necessary, would have just consisted of patients due for abdominal aortic reconstructive surgery.  The study looked at outcome but treated anesthesia and surgery as a constant. Previous studies have documented that choice of anesthesia and the anesthesiologist may make a significant difference in the outcome of high-risk cardiac procedures. 3,4 These variables were not assessed.
Differential electrophysiologic properties of decremental retrograde pathways in long RP' tachycardia.
Authors: B B Lerman, M Greenberg, E D Overholt, C D Swerdlow, R T Smith, T D Sellers, J P DiMarco
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Long RP' supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) often demonstrate both slow and decremental conduction properties in the retrograde pathway of the reentrant circuit. The electrophysiologic properties of these pathways are poorly understood. We studied 10 patients with long RP' SVT (RP'/RR, 0.52 to 0.71); five had the unusual form of atrioventricular nodal reentry (fast-slow) and five patients had accessory AV pathways with slow, decremental retrograde conduction properties. During SVT, the effects of intravenous adenosine (37.5 to 150 micrograms/kg), which increases potassium current (iK) in supraventricular tissue and hyperpolarizes membrane potential toward Ek (-90 mV), and the response to slow-inward channel blockade with verapamil (0.10 to 0.20 mg/kg iv) were evaluated. Adenosine and verapamil has similar effects in the presence of fast-slow AV nodal reentry since both agents terminated SVT by producing block in the retrograde slow AV nodal pathway. In contrast, adenosine and verapamil had differential effects on retrograde conduction in decremental accessory pathways. Adenosine terminated all episodes of SVT in the retrograde decremental pathway, whereas verapamil had a direct effect on this tissue in only two of five patients. Decremental retrograde accessory pathways can therefore demonstrate at least two types of electrophysiologic responses. Pathways that respond only to adenosine-induced hyperpolarizing K+ current likely comprise depressed fast-Na+ channel tissue, i.e., partially depolarized (greater than -60 to -70 mV) atrial tissue. In contrast, decremental accessory pathways that respond to both modulation of the slow-inward calcium current and K+ conductance have pharmacologic properties similar to those of the AV node and may represent more completely depolarized atrial fibers with resting membrane potentials of -60 mV or less.
A New View of Disease
Authors: Stewart Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN CONSIDERING the nature of disease, man, over the course of recorded history, has vacillated between placing the blame on outside hostile forces and on himself. One hundred years ago the work of Pasteur made it appear that the question was settled decisively in favor of the outside forces and yet even as Pasteur was inducted into the French Academy, his opponent, Pidoux, objected that, Disease is the common result of a variety of diverse external and internal causes [that] bring about the destruction of an organ by a number of roads which the hygienist and the physician must endeaver to close. 1 In our day, Rene Dubos 2 reminds us that we create new diseases for ourselves as rapidly as we subdue some of the old ones. The new diseases stem from the way we manipulate our environment, social as well as physical, and the way we react
Colchicine and Disk Disease-Reply
Authors: Steven R. Garfin
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In Reply.—  Dr Rask is correct about my being unaware of the articles he has referenced from theJournal of Neurological and Orthopaedic Medicine and Surgery. However, this journal, of which he is the editor in chief, is not listed in theIndex Medicus, and therefore is not readily retrievable in a library search. These articles, kindly provided by Dr Rask, do describe double-blind studies of colchicine, and there seems to be at least a shortterm beneficial effect from the drug. In reference 2, Dr Rask states colchicine can permanently heal 90-95% of all patients who come to the Neurological-Orthopaedist with resistant disc disorder, but I am not sure that the article supports that statement. The longest follow-up listed is only two months. Only two of his five references (2 and 3) list any followup.  In his second paragraph, Dr Rask notes that all of the patients reported in reference
Food Allergies Becoming More Common
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unusual mixed infection of thoracic empyema caused by Mycobacteria tuberculosis, Nontuberculosis mycobacteria and Nocardia asteroides in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Heng-Ching Huang, Wen-Liang Yu, Chi-Chang Shieh, Kuo-Chen Cheng, He-Hsiung Cheng
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Association of Serum Lipoprotein(a) Levels and Apolipoprotein(a) Size Polymorphism With Target-Organ Damage in Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Leonardo A. Sechi
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To investigate the association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and other plasma lipids and apolipoproteins and target-organ damage (TOD) in patients with arterial hypertension. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional study of a case series. <h3>Setting.</h3> —University medical center. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Lipoprotein(a) and apolipoproteins were analyzed in 277 untreated patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and in 102 healthy controls. Apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] phenotypes were additionally analyzed in an independent sample set of 106 hypertensive and 105 control subjects. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Staging of TOD obtained according to World Health Organization guidelines by clinical evaluation, and laboratory tests including measurments of creatinine clearance, proteinuria, ophthalmoscopy, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and ultrasound examination of major arteries; levels of lipids, apolipoproteins, Lp(a), fibrinogen, and apo(a) phenotypes. <h3>Results.</h3> —Blood pressure, duration of hypertension, and levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, Lp(a), and fibrinogen were significantly related to the presence and severity of TOD in univariate analysis. Stepwise multivariate analysis showed Lp(a) levels (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) to be the best discriminator of the presence of TOD, followed by systolic blood pressure (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), duration of hypertension (<i>P</i>=.01), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<i>P</i>=.04). The Lp(a) levels were related to TOD independent of the level of blood pressure. We confirmed this association between Lp(a) concentrations and severity of TOD in a second independent sample set and observed a significantly higher frequency of low-molecular-weight apo(a) isoforms with increasing severity of TOD (<i>P</i>=.02). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Lipoprotein(a) and apo(a) phenotype are sensitive indicators of the severity of TOD in patients with essential hypertension, and their evaluation might permit identification of hypertensive subjects liable to the development of organ damage. The higher frequency of low-molecular-weight apo(a) isoforms in patients with TOD demonstrates a genetically determined risk for the development of TOD in hypertensive patients.
New ways to boost factor VIII in hemophilia: DDAVP for mild hemophilia A, von Willebrand's
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reversible Cold-Induced Abnormalities in Myocardial Perfusion and Function in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: ELAINE L. ALEXANDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

The effects of peripheral cold exposure on myocardial perfusion and function were studied in 13 patients with scleroderma without clinically evident myocardial disease. Ten patients had at least one transient, cold-induced, myocardial perfusion defect visualized by thallium-201 scintigraphy, and 12 had reversible, cold-induced, segmental left ventricular hypokinesis by two-dimensional echocardiography. The 10 patients with transient perfusion defects all had anatomically corresponding ventricular wall motion abnormalities. No one in either of two control groups (9 normal volunteers and 7 patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms) had cold-induced abnormalities. This study is the first to show the simultaneous occurrence of cold-induced abnormalities in myocardial perfusion and function in patients with scleroderma. The results suggest that cold exposure in such patients may elicit transient reflex coronary vasoconstriction resulting in reversible myocardial ischemia and dysfunction. Chronic recurrent episodes of coronary spasm may lead to focal myocardial fibrosis.
Histological Substrate of Atrial Biopsies in Patients With Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Andrea Frustaci, Cristina Chimenti, Fulvio Bellocci, Emanuela Morgante, Matteo A. Russo, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Lone atrial fibrillation (LAF) is a common clinical syndrome, but its origin remains unknown.We performed endomyocardial biopsies of the right atrial septum (2 to 3 per patient; mean, 2.8) and of the two ventricles (6 per patient) in 12 patients (10 men, 2 women; mean age, 32 years) with paroxysmal LAF refractory to conventional antiarrhythmic treatment. As controls, we used endomyocardial biopsies (3 to 5 per patient; mean, 4.4) from the right atrial septum of 11 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) undergoing resection of the abnormal AV pathway. The weight of the biopsies ranged from 2.8 to 4.5 mg. Biopsy samples were processed for histology and electron microscopy and were read by a pathologist blinded to clinical data. All patients underwent two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography; cardiac catheterization; coronary angiography; and hormonal, virologic, and electrophysiological studies. All tests and WPW biopsies were normal, but all LAF atrial biopsy specimens (average, 2.8 per patient) showed abnormalities (P<.0001). The type of abnormalities varied: Two patients had a severe hypertrophy with vacuolar degeneration of the atrial myocytes and ultrastructural evidence of fibrillolysis occupying >50% of the areas assessed morphometrically (P=.50), 8 had lymphomononuclear infiltrates with necrosis of the adjacent myocytes (5 with fibrosis and 3 without; P<.003), and 2 had only nonspecific patchy fibrosis (P=.50). Biventricular biopsies were abnormal in only 3 patients and showed inflammatory infiltrates similar to those found in atrial biopsies.Abnormal atrial histology was uniformly found in multiple biopsy specimens in all patients with LAF. It was compatible with a diagnosis of myocarditis in 66% of patients (active in 25%) and of noninflammatory localized cardiomyopathy in 17% and was represented by patchy fibrosis in 17%. The cause of the pathological changes, which were found only in atrial septal biopsies but not in biventricular biopsies, in 75% of patients remains unknown.
Nuclear Export of the NF-κB Inhibitor IκBα Is Required for Proper B Cell and Secondary Lymphoid Tissue Formation
Authors: Shelly M. Wuerzberger-Davis, Yuhong Chen, David T. Yang, Jeffrey D. Kearns, Paul W. Bates, Candace Lynch, Nicholas C. Ladell, Mei Yu, Andrew Podd, Hu Zeng, Tony T. Huang, Renren Wen, Alexander Hoffmann, Demin Wang, Shigeki Miyamoto
Journal: Immunity (2011)
The Mechanically Active Domain of Titin in Cardiac Muscle
Authors: Károly Trombitás, Jian-Ping Jin, Henk Granzier
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract One of the main contributors to passive tension of the myocardium is titin. However, it is not exactly known what portions of this ≈1 μm-long molecule are anchored in the sarcomere (hence, are rendered inelastic) and what portions are elastic (hence, are mechanically active in developing passive tension). We assessed the length of the elastic domain of cardiac titin by ultrastructural and mechanical methods. Single cardiac myocytes were stretched by various amounts, and while in the stretched state, they were processed for immunoelectron microscopy. Several monoclonal anti-titin antibodies were used, and the locations of the titin epitopes in the sarcomere were studied as a function of sarcomere length. Only a small fraction (5% to 10%) of the ≈1000-nm-long molecule behaved elastically under physiological conditions. This mechanically active domain is located close to the A/I junction, and its contour length when unstretched is estimated at ≈50 to 100 nm. In sarcomeres that are slack (length ≈1.85 μm), the mechanically active domain is folded on top of itself, and the length of the domain reaches an elastic limit of ≈550 nm in sarcomeres that are ≈2.9 μm long.
Traumatic Hematuria as a Manifestation of More Serious Renal Disease
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN the past decade the literature on renal trauma has dealt with fundamentals of diagnosis and management during the early period after injury. Two cardinal issues — the value and risk of routine retrograde pyelography and the advisability of early surgical intervention as a policy — have monopolized debate and have shaped divergent programs of treatment.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A recent experience with renal trauma indicates that the approach to the problem must take into account the possibility that the traumatized kidney is also the site of a pre-existing lesion. The importance of this special and additional factor has not yet been emphasized. . . .
Prevention of Stokes-Adams Seizures by Reducing Plasma Potassium with Chlorothiazide.
Authors: L. Tobian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Prevention of Stokes-Adams Seizures by Reducing Plasma Potassium with Chlorothiazide.L. Tobian, M.D., (Assoc.)L. Tobian, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1041_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeven patients with a long history of Stokes-Adams seizures were given chlorothiazide, enough to lower the plasma potassium at least 0.6 to 1.1 mEq./L. When this had been accomplished, the Stokes-Adams seizures were abolished. A good result was always obtained when the plasma potassium got as low as 3.8 mEq./L. The lessened incidence of seizures was not accompanied by any change in plasma pH even though the plasma bicarbonate rose slightly in some cases. Electrocardiographic tracings revealed several instances of decreasing heart block while on the treatment. The most striking improvement was a change from complete heart block to normal... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Minneapolis, Minn. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1041-1041KeywordsBicarbonatesBlood plasmaElectrocardiographyEpileptic seizuresHeartPotassium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of Coronary Plaque Rupture Between Stable Angina and Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Myeong-Ki Hong, Gary S. Mintz, Cheol Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seung-Whan Lee, Jong-Min Song, Ki-Hoon Han, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song, Jae-Joong Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Circulation (2004)

We evaluated the incidence and predictors of single and multiple plaque ruptures in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stable angina pectoris (SAP).We performed 3-vessel intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination in 235 patients: 122 had AMI, and 113 had SAP. Plaque rupture of infarct-related or target lesions occurred in 80 AMI patients (66%) and in 31 SAP patients (27%) (P<0.001). Non-infarct-related or non-target artery plaque ruptures occurred in 21 AMI patients (17%) and 6 SAP patients (5%) (P=0.008). Multiple plaque ruptures were observed in 24 AMI (20%) and 7 SAP patients (6%) (P=0.004). Therefore, at least 1 plaque rupture in any coronary artery was noted in 84 AMI patients (69%) and 35 SAP patients (31%) (P<0.001). Overall, the only independent clinical predictor of plaque rupture in the infarct-related/target lesion was AMI (P<0.01; OR, 4.867; 95% CI, 2.734 to 8.661). The only independent clinical predictor of plaque rupture in AMI patients was an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level (P=0.035; OR, 2.139; 95% CI, 1.053 to 4.343). Conversely, in SAP patients, the only independent clinical predictor of plaque rupture was diabetes mellitus (P=0.034; OR, 2.553; 95% CI, 1.071 to 6.085). The only independent clinical predictor of multiple plaque ruptures was AMI (P=0.003; OR, 3.752; 95% CI, 1.546 to 9.105).Three-vessel IVUS imaging showed that culprit lesion plaque rupture, secondary remote plaque ruptures, and multiple plaque ruptures were all more common in AMI patients than SAP patients. In AMI patients, plaque rupture was associated with a high CRP level, whereas in SAP patients, plaque rupture was more common in those with diabetes.
Giant clear cell acanthoma
Authors: R. Murphy, M.E. Kesseler, D.N. Slater
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Sir, Clear cell acanthoma is a benign tumour first described in 1962.1 There have been two previous reports of giant clear cell acanthoma,2,3 one of these on the buttock. There has also been a report of a clear cell acanthoma arising in a plaque of psoriasis on the buttock.4 A 78‐year‐old woman presented with an acute myocardial infarction and was treated with thrombolysis. She had a 20‐year history of psoriasis which had been controlled for the last 5 years with oral methotrexate 12·5 mg weekly. While in hospital she developed blood‐stained serous discharge from a lesion on the buttock which had slowly grown over 12 years. It was a pink, cerebriform lesion measuring 60 × 40 × 20 mm, with a velvety surface and sharply demarcated edges (Fig. 1a). The rather unusual appearance of this lesion made the initial clinical diagnosis difficult although a very well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was considered.
Firefighting and malignant hyperthermia
Authors: M A Denborough, K C Hopkinson, D G Banney
Journal: BMJ (1988)

reduced during the first six months by non-closure of the defect.Presumably non-closure allows cerebrospinal fluid to escape from the open neural tube, postponing the development of hydrocephalus until epithelium has formed.As deferred shunt operations are associated with a better prognosis,4 nonclosure may in fact be advantageous, delaying the onset of ventriculitis until the child is immunologically more competent.Thus early closure has no advantage over non-closure with respect to mortality and the incidence of hydrocephalus and ventriculitis.Non-closure not only means that neonates are spared major operations but also reduces the number of shunt operations required in children who have a limited life expectancy.Knowing that non-closure is safe and potentially beneficial means that the family does not have to make an urgent and immediate choice between life and death on the birth of a baby with an open neural tube defect,5 allowing time for all concerned fully to assess the baby's condition.1 Mawdsley T, Rickman PP.Further follow-up study of early operation for open myelomeningocele.
RESULTS OF SURGERY IN THE AGED.
Authors: JAMES P. TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1901)

In the study of human longevity, it is not only a question of teaching young people how to grow old, but also old people to grow older. Old age with impaired faculties and physical infirmities is hardly a blessing to individuals or their friends. Many of the ailments to which old people are subject, which worry and distress them, tend to shorten life, are amenable to surgical treatment, and would be unhesitatingly so treated in young people, but which are left alone in them on account of the fear of operations and anesthesia on the aged. The scriptural axiom, "three-score years and ten" as a reasonable limit to human life, has become so firmly imbedded in the layman's mind that those whose friends have approached this age generally feel that it is better for them to suffer what ills may have come to them, rather than take any chances in