tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE CONCENTRATION OF GLYCOL VAPORS IN THE AIR
Authors: Theodore T. Puck, Henry Wise, O. H. Robertson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1944)

A device for automatically maintaining any desired concentration of triethylene or propylene glycol vapor in air is described. It can also be used to measure very rapidly the glycol content of room air. This instrument should greatly facilitate tests of the efficacy of glycol vapors in preventing air-borne infections.
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Squamous Cell Carcinomas From Fanconi Anemia Patients
Authors: Hester J. T. van Zeeburg, Peter J. F. Snijders, Thijs Wu, Eliane Gluckman, Jean Soulier, Jordi Surralles, Maria Castella, Jacqueline E. van der Wal, Johan Wennerberg, Joseph Califano, Eunike Velleuer, Ralf Dietrich, Wolfram Ebell, Elisabeth Bloemena, Hans Joenje, C. René Leemans, Ruud H. Brakenhoff
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

Fanconi anemia is a recessively inherited disease that is characterized by congenital abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and a predisposition to develop cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in the head and neck and anogenital regions. Previous studies of Fanconi anemia SCCs, mainly from US patients, revealed the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in 21 (84%) of 25 tumors analyzed. We examined a panel of 21 SCCs mainly from European Fanconi anemia patients (n = 19 FA patients; 16 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas [HNSCCs], 2 esophageal SCCs, and 3 anogenital SCCs) for their clinical and molecular characteristics, including patterns of allelic loss, TP53 mutations, and the presence of HPV DNA by GP5+/6+ polymerase chain reaction. HPV DNA was detected in only two (10%) of 21 tumors (both anogenital SCCs) but in none of the 16 HNSCCs. Of the 18 tumors analyzed, 10 contained a TP53 mutation. The patterns of allelic loss were comparable to those generally found in sporadic SCCs. Our data show that HPV does not play a major role in squamous cell carcinogenesis in this cohort of Fanconi anemia patients and that the Fanconi anemia SCCs are genetically similar to sporadic SCCs despite having a different etiology.
Distinct Diagnostic Criteria of Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Based on Serum C-Peptide Response and HbA1c Levels at Onset
Authors: Shoichiro Tanaka, Toyoshi Endo, Kaoru Aida, Hiroki Shimura, Norihiko Yokomori, Masahiro Kaneshige, Fumihiko Furuya, Shin Amemiya, Mie Mochizuki, Koji Nakanishi, Tetsuro Kobayashi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—Diagnostic criteria in fulminant type 1 diabetes, a novel subtype of type 1 diabetes, remain unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed basal and longitudinal changes of serum C-peptide levels during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 125 consecutively recruited patients with type 1 diabetes including fulminant type 1 diabetes (n = 25) and acute-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 100). Discriminating criteria of fulminant type 1 diabetes were examined using receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS—The integrated values of serum C-peptide response during OGTT (ΣC-peptide) in fulminant type 1 diabetes at onset, 1 year, and 2 years after onset were markedly lower than those in acute-onset type 1 diabetes. None of the patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes had improvement of C-peptide response to OGTT. Fasting C-peptide values at onset in fulminant type 1 diabetes were significantly lower than those in acute-onset type 1 diabetes. We established diagnostic criteria of serum C-peptide and HbA1c levels at onset that discriminate fulminant type 1 diabetes from acute-onset type 1 diabetes with high sensitivity and specificity: a criterion in which the levels of both the fasting C-peptide is ≤0.033 nmol/l and HbA1c is ≤8.0% or a criterion in which the levels of both the ΣC-peptide is ≤0.540 nmol/l and HbA1c is ≤8.0%. CONCLUSIONS—Fulminant type 1 diabetes has extremely low β-cell function at onset that rarely recovers after onset. Sensitive and specific diagnostic criteria were established for detection of fulminant type 1 diabetes based on serum C-peptide and HbA1c levels at onset.
Returning individual research results for genome sequences of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Amber L Johns, David K Miller, Skye H Simpson, Anthony J Gill, Karin S Kassahn, Jeremy L Humphris, Jaswinder S Samra, Katherine Tucker, Lesley Andrews, David K Chang, Nicola Waddell, Marina Pajic, John V Pearson, Sean M Grimmond, Andrew V Biankin, Nikolajs Zeps
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Disclosure of individual results to participants in genomic research is a complex and contentious issue. There are many existing commentaries and opinion pieces on the topic, but little empirical data concerning actual cases describing how individual results have been returned. Thus, the real life risks and benefits of disclosing individual research results to participants are rarely if ever presented as part of this debate. The Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative (APGI) is an Australian contribution to the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), that involves prospective sequencing of tumor and normal genomes of study participants with pancreatic cancer in Australia. We present three examples that illustrate different facets of how research results may arise, and how they may be returned to individuals within an ethically defensible and clinically practical framework. This framework includes the necessary elements identified by others including consent, determination of the significance of results and which to return, delineation of the responsibility for communication and the clinical pathway for managing the consequences of returning results. Of 285 recruited patients, we returned results to a total of 25 with no adverse events to date. These included four that were classified as medically actionable, nine as clinically significant and eight that were returned at the request of the treating clinician. Case studies presented depict instances where research results impacted on cancer susceptibility, current treatment and diagnosis, and illustrate key practical challenges of developing an effective framework. We suggest that return of individual results is both feasible and ethically defensible but only within the context of a robust framework that involves a close relationship between researchers and clinicians.
Oral anticoagulation self-management and management by a specialist anticoagulation clinic: a randomised cross-over comparison
Authors: Manon E Cromheecke, Marcel Levi, Louisa P Colly, Bas JM de Mol, Martin H Prins, Barbara A Hutten, Rachel Mak, Katinka CJ Keyzers, Harry R Büller
Journal: The Lancet (2000)
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Duty Hour Regulations
Authors: Orlando C. Kirton
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Albuminuria and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Independently Associate with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Morgan E. Grams, Brad C. Astor, Lori D. Bash, Kunihiro Matsushita, Yaping Wang, Josef Coresh
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2010)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly common and a significant contributor to excess death in hospitalized patients. CKD is an established risk factor for AKI; however, the independent graded association of urine albumin excretion with AKI is unknown. We analyzed a prospective cohort of 11,200 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study for the association between baseline urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated GFR (eGFR) with hospitalizations or death with AKI. The incidence of AKI events was 4.0 per 1000 person-years of follow-up. Using participants with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios <10 mg/g as a reference, the relative hazards of AKI, adjusted for age, gender, race, cardiovascular risk factors, and categories of eGFR were 1.9 (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.6), 2.2 (95% CI, 1.6 to 3.0), and 4.8 (95% CI, 3.2 to 7.2) for urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio groups of 11 to 29 mg/g, 30 to 299 mg/g, and ≥300 mg/g, respectively. Similarly, the overall adjusted relative hazard of AKI increased with decreasing eGFR. Patterns persisted within subgroups of age, race, and gender. In summary, albuminuria and eGFR have strong, independent associations with incident AKI.
Impact of providing booklets about chemotherapy to newly presenting patients with cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: G. Iconomou, A. Viha, A. Koutras, I. Koukourikou, V. Mega, T. Makatsoris, A. Onyenadum, K. Assimakopoulos, A.G. Vagenakis, H.P. Kalofonos
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2005)
Effective strategies for population studies of acute air pollution health effects.
Authors: M Lippmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

A series of field studies involving repetitive functional measurements in relatively small populations of healthy children and adults engaged in normal outdoor activities has shown that significant decrements in respiratory function are associated with exposures to ozone (O3) at concentrations below the national ambient air quality standard. The ability to detect such effects can be attributed, at least in part, to the study design criteria used, which emphasized maximization of signal-to-noise ratios. Locations were selected to ensure relatively high exposures to relatively uniformly distributed secondary pollutants, with minimal exposure to local sources of primary pollutants. Populations were selected that would be engaged in active recreation out of doors. Populations of healthy persons were used to minimize variability in baseline function. We found that the magnitude of the O3-associated decrements in respiratory function was dependent on the variability in sensitivity to O3 among the population, the minute ventilation during outdoor activity, and the duration of the outdoor exposure. We also concluded that the O3-associated responses were potentiated by the presence of other air pollutants.
Modified Prosthetic Vascular Conduits
Authors: Muneera R. Kapadia, Daniel A. Popowich, Melina R. Kibbe
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Atherosclerosis in the form of peripheral arterial disease results in significant morbidity. Surgical treatment options for peripheral arterial disease include angioplasty, endarterectomy, and bypass grafting. For bypass grafting, vein remains the conduit of choice; however, poor quality and limited availability have led to the use of prosthetic materials. Unfortunately, because of a lack of endothelium and compliance mismatch, neointimal hyperplasia develops aggressively, resulting in high failure rates. To improve graft patency, investigators have developed surgical, chemical, and biological graft modifications. This review describes common prosthetic materials, as well as approaches currently in use and under investigation to modify and improve prosthetic conduits for bypass grafting in an effort to improve graft patency rates.
Prediction of non-relapse mortality in recipients of reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation with AML in first complete remission
Authors: J Versluis, M Labopin, D Niederwieser, G Socie, R F Schlenk, N Milpied, A Nagler, D Blaise, V Rocha, J J Cornelissen, M Mohty
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Schmutzi: estimation of contamination and endogenous mitochondrial consensus calling for ancient DNA
Authors: Gabriel Renaud, Viviane Slon, Ana T Duggan, Janet Kelso
Journal: Genome biology (2015)

Ancient DNA is typically highly degraded with appreciable cytosine deamination, and contamination with present-day DNA often complicates the identification of endogenous molecules. Together, these factors impede accurate assembly of the endogenous ancient mitochondrial genome. We present schmutzi, an iterative approach to jointly estimate present-day human contamination in ancient human DNA datasets and reconstruct the endogenous mitochondrial genome. By using sequence deamination patterns and fragment length distributions, schmutzi accurately reconstructs the endogenous mitochondrial genome sequence even when contamination exceeds 50 %. Given sufficient coverage, schmutzi also produces reliable estimates of contamination across a range of contamination rates.https://bioinf.eva.mpg.de/schmutzi/ license:GPLv3.
Monitoring Breast Tumor Lung Metastasis by U-SPECT-II/CT with an Integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>-Targeted Radiotracer<sup> 99m</sup>Tc-3P-RGD<sub>2</sub>
Authors: Yang Zhou, Guoqiang Shao, Shuang Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2012)

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of u-SPECT-II/CT to monitor the progression of breast cancer lung metastasis using 99m Tc-3P-RGD 2 as a radiotracer. Methods:The breast cancer lung metastasis model was established by tail-vein injection of 2 x 10 5 -1.5 x 10 6 MDA-MB-231 cells into each athymic nude mouse.SPECT/CT studies were performed at a specified time after inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells.Histological staining was used to further confirm the presence of lung metastases.Results: We found that both inoculation time and tumor cell load had significant influence on the extent of lung metastasis.For example, if animals were injected with 2 x 10 5 MDA-MB-231 cells, there were no detectable metastatic breast tumors in the lungs after 8 weeks.If animals were injected with 1 x 10 6 MDA-MB-231 cells, there were many tumors in both lungs at week 8.When 1.5 x 10 6 MDA-MB-231 cells were injected, the animal became very weak by week 7.We also found a rare example of breast cancer metastasis in the muscle and mediastinal lymph nodes.The tumor necrotic regions were clearly delineated by u-SPECT-II/CT. Conclusion:This study clearly demonstrated that 99m Tc-3P-RGD 2 is an excellent radiotracer for noninvasive imaging of metastatic breast tumors in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes and muscles.99m Tc-3P-RGD 2 SPECT/CT is an outstanding platform for monitoring the progression of breast cancer lung metastases, semi-quantification of breast tumor load in the lungs and delineation of tumor necrosis in small animals.
Efficacy of Topotecan and Cyclophosphamide Given in a Phase II Window Trial in Children With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Children’s Oncology Group Study
Authors: David O. Walterhouse, Elizabeth R. Lyden, Philip P. Breitfeld, Stephen J. Qualman, Moody D. Wharam, William H. Meyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Purpose To determine the antitumor activity and toxicity of topotecan given immediately after cyclophosphamide as window therapy, then in combination with conventional agents in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Patients and Methods Sixty-one patients younger than 21 years with newly diagnosed metastatic RMS or undifferentiated sarcoma were assigned window therapy (weeks 0 to 6) with topotecan (0.75 mg/m 2 daily × 5 every 21 days) immediately after cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m 2 daily × 5 every 21 days; TC). We continued to give these agents in combination with vincristine (VTC) to patients who showed objective improvement, partial response (PR), or complete response (CR) to TC and alternated courses of VTC with vincristine, dactinomycin and cyclophosphamide (VAC) during weeks 6 to 41 (VTC/VAC). Those who showed no response or progressive disease after TC received only VAC. All patients received radiotherapy to sites of unresected disease (weeks 15 to 21). Results The overall response rate (CR + PR) to TC was 47% (95% CI, 35% to 60%). Tumor size ≤ 5 cm was associated with early response. Myelosuppression was the primary toxicity to TC. Overall 3-year disease-free survival and survival were estimated to be 10% (95% CI, 2% to 19%) and 20% (95% CI, 8% to 32%), respectively. Toxicity profiles for patients who received VTC/VAC or VAC alone were comparable. Conclusion Topotecan after cyclophosphamide is a combination that is active against newly diagnosed RMS, with an acceptable toxicity profile. Disease-free survival and overall survival, however, remain disappointing for children with metastatic RMS at diagnosis.
NORMAL CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME TRACE METALS IN HUMAN URINE: CHANGES PRODUCED BY ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETATE *
Authors: H. Mitchell Perry, Elizabeth F. Perry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1959)

Interest in the biologic role of trace elements prompted an investigation of their renal excre- tion.Preliminary qualitative analysis revealed that except for cobalt the entire first transition series of metals, namely, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel and copper, were detectable in most human urines.In addition the heavier transition metals, molybdenum and silver, as well as the related metals, zinc, cadmium, tin and lead, were ordinarily present.A method was evolved by which the urinary concentrations of such metals could be quantitatively estimated.The procedure included initial chemi- cal concentration followed by spectrographic anal- ysis.Contamination was minimized by careful preparation of equipment and reagents.Since extraneous iron and copper were particularly difficult to avoid and since these two metals had frequently been studied by other techniques, no attempt was made to measure them spectrographically.The exclusion of significant positive contamination, the demonstration that the low renal excretion of cobalt permitted its use as an internal standard, and the determination of standard working curves and recovery data for each metal constituted the control data for the assay procedure.Estimations were less satisfactory for chromium and titanium than for the remaining nine metals.Collection and assay of 24 hour urines were performed in a standard manner.Such urines from normal persons served to indicate both the mean level and the variability of excretion for the nine trace metals which could be satisfactorily estimated.Daily differences in the renal excre- tion of metal as well as the effects produced by
Expression and localization of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in apoptotic human glioma cells
Authors: Alaine Catania, Sinisa Urban, Elizabeth Yan, Chunhai Hao, Gerry Barron, Joan Allalunis-Turner
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2001)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, is expressed predominately in mature neurons and is implicated in neurite extension, neuronal migration, and neuronal differentiation. Cdk5 protein expression also has been associated with apoptosis in a number of nonneuronal model systems. In normal brain, substrates for Cdk5 include neurofilament and tau proteins. Because human tumors of glial origin can express neuronal proteins, we examined whether Cdk5 and its activator protein, P35, are present in early passage human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells lines and primary tumor specimens. Here we report the expression of Cdk5 and an "active" proteolytic form of P35 in human GBM cells and demonstrate kinase activity of the holoenzyme. We also show that Cdk5 kinase activity and expression of its activator protein, P35, is increased in the human GBM cell line M059J after exposure to ionizing radiation and that P35 is localized within M059J cells undergoing apoptosis. These results suggest a possible role for Cdk5 in mediating apoptosis in human GBM cells.
Lipid-Cytokine-Chemokine Cascade Drives Neutrophil Recruitment in a Murine Model of Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Richard C. Chou, Nancy D. Kim, Christian D. Sadik, Edward Seung, Yinan Lan, Michael H. Byrne, Bodduluri Haribabu, Yoichiro Iwakura, Andrew D. Luster
Journal: Immunity (2010)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Michael J. LaMonte, Patricia A. Eisenman, Ted D. Adams, Barry B. Shultz, Barbara E. Ainsworth, Frank G. Yanowitz
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Cardiorespiratory fitness is favorably associated with most modifiable coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Findings are limited, however, by few data for women, persons with existing CHD, and low-risk populations. In the present study, we described cross-sectional associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and CHD risk factors in a large cohort of middle-aged men and women, of whom the majority were LDS Church members (Mormons), with and without existing CHD. Methods and Results —Comprehensive health examinations were performed on 3232 men (age 45.9±10.8 years) and 1128 women (age 43.8±12.8 years) between 1975 and 1997. Maximal treadmill exercise testing was used to categorize those with (12% of the men and 10% of the women) and those without CHD into age- and sex-specific cardiorespiratory fitness quintiles. After adjustments for age, body fat, smoking status, and family history of CHD, favorable associations were observed between fitness and most CHD risk factors among men and women, regardless of CHD status. Conclusions —These data indicate that enhanced levels of cardiorespiratory fitness may confer resistance to elevations in CHD risk factors even in a low-risk sample of middle-aged men and women. Furthermore, these findings reinforce current public health recommendations that advocate increased national levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness for primary and secondary CHD prevention.