tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A New Method of preventing Adhesions. The Use of Amnioplastin after Craniotomy
Authors: Y.-C. Chao, S. Humphreys, W. Penfield
Journal: BMJ (1940)

Laceration of the brain which is the outcome of gunshot wounds of the head, depressed fracture of the skull, and cranio-cerebral operations results in meningo-cerebral adhesion.The adjacent brain comes to be vascularized through a scar from extracerebral blood vessels.This is a most important element in the production of post- traumatic epilepsy.Following the last war Wagstaffe (1928) made a critical stildy of the end-results in a series of soldiers who had received severe head injuries.He found that 1.6 per cent. of these patients became epileptic when the dura had not been penetrated, whereas 18.7 per cent. of those whose dura had been perforated developed post-traumatic epilepsy.It seemed obvious from his figures that penetra- tion of the dura rendered epileptiform seizures ten times more likely to occur.Steinthal and Nagel (1926) con- cluded that severe injul y to the brain resulted in frank epilepsy in 28.9 per cent.and lesser forms of epilepsy in 35.5 per cent., making a total of 64.4 per cent.In the scars that result from such injuries must lie the secret of the high incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy, which may appear at any time up to ten or fifteen years after the injury (Penfield, 1924(Penfield, , 1927)).Head injury without penetration of the dura rarely results in epilepsy, although the brain damage may be, and often is, greater.In such cases adhesions, if they form at all, are much less severe, and blood vessels rarely grow down throuLgh the scar
Mycophenolate mofetil is effective for maintenance therapy of hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis
Authors: M. Worm, W. Sterry, G. Kolde
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Mycophenolate mofetil is effective for maintenance therapy of hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis Get access M. Worm, M. Worm Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité‐Campus Mitte, Humboldt University of Berlin, D‐10117 Berlin, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Sterry, W. Sterry Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité‐Campus Mitte, Humboldt University of Berlin, D‐10117 Berlin, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Kolde G. Kolde Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité‐Campus Mitte, Humboldt University of Berlin, D‐10117 Berlin, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 6, 1 December 2000, Page 1324, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03913.x Published: 01 December 2000
KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION TO REDUCE DELAYS OF PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE AMI-ON TIME STUDY
Authors: Thao Huynh, Jean Claude Tardif, Eli Segal, Philippe L’Allier, Michel Nguyen, Jean-Pierre Dery, Marc Afilalo, Samer Mansour, Martine Montigny, Mark Eisenberg, Dave Ross, Lucette Whittom, Simon Kouz, Richard Harvey, Alain Vadeboncoeur, Claude Lauzon, Ann Lynch, Erick Schampaert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
More on quality of care
Authors: H. Gage, W. Knibb, J. Evans, P. Williams, N. Rickman, K. Bryan
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In their systematic review of 82 (mostly US) studies, Comondore and colleagues conclude that on average not-for-profit nursing homes provided better quality of care than for-profit facilities.1 We recently analysed the factors associated with quality of care (measured as the number of failures of national standards at announced inspections) in residential homes (with …
Removal of Empty Capsids from Type 1 Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Stocks by Anion-Exchange Chromatography Potentiates Transgene Expression
Authors: Masashi Urabe, Ke-Qin Xin, Yoko Obara, Takayo Nakakura, Hiroaki Mizukami, Akihiro Kume, Kenji Okuda, Keiya Ozawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Production of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) results in substantial quantities of empty capsids or virus-like particles (VLPs), virus protein shells without the vector genome. The contaminating VLPs would interfere with transduction by competing for cell-surface receptors and, when administered in vivo, contribute to antigen load, which may elicit a stronger immune response. Density-gradient ultracentrifugation provides a means to separate VLPs from rAAV particles, but is not feasible for large-scale preparations of vectors. Since the compositions of the VLP and vector differ by the single-stranded DNA genome, we hypothesized that the isoelectric point of the vector may differ from that of the VLP. In an attempt to separate type 1 rAAV particles from VLPs by ion-exchange chromatography, we tested a number of buffer systems and found that trimethylammonium sulfate, or [(CH3)4N]2SO4, effectively separated rAAV1 particles from VLPs. The rAAV1-GFP chromatographically separated from VLPs induced stronger GFP expression in HEK293 cells than rAAV1-GFP contaminated with VLPs. The transduction of mouse muscles with rAAV1-SEAP (secreted form of alkaline phosphatase) isolated from VLPs also showed higher serum SEAP levels than rAAV1-SEAP with VLPs. These results suggest that chromatographic separation of rAAV1 from empty capsids increased the efficacy of rAAV1.
699. Evaluation of Potential Toxicity of Electroporation Mediated Deliver of a Plasmid Encoding for IL-12 in a Mouse Melanoma Model
Authors: Richard Heller, Adil Daud, Jeffrey Westover, Kathleen Merkler, Yolmari Cruz, Richard Gilbert, Loree Heller
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Previous reports from our laboratory have shown that intra-tumor injection of a plasmid encoding IL-12 (pIL-12) followed by electroporation results in an 80% cure rate of established B16.F10 tumors in mice. Twelve of twelve cured mice were resistant to subsequent challenge with B16.F10 cells. In addition, intra-muscular injection of plasmid encoding IL-12 followed by electroporation significantly reduced the formation of lung colonies following intravenous injection of B16.F10 cells. These pre-clinical studies demonstrated the therapeutic potential of this approach. To translate this to the clinic, the following study was conducted to evaluate the potential toxicity of plasmid delivery with electroporation. Mice were divided into 5 groups: intratumor injection of saline (Group 1) or injections of plasmid at 0.1 mg/ml (Groups 2, 3) or 1mg/ml (Groups 4, 5) with or without electroporation. The plasmid (50 |[mu]|l) was injected directly into the tumor and immediately followed by electroporation. Treatments were administered on days 1, 5 and 8. Each mouse was monitored for body weight and general condition on a daily basis beginning the day prior to the first treatment. On days 9, 11, 16, 23 and 30 after treatment, 10 mice from each group (5 male and 5 female) were euthanized. Blood was collected from each animal and used to perform serum chemistries and CBCs. In addition, liver, lung, lymph node, tumor, skin, heart, kidney, spleen and brain samples were collected and histologically analyzed in mice from Groups 1, 4, and 5. All mice appeared to have a generally healthy appearance. Increased weight (10-20%) was noted at the later time points. Mice in Group 5 were found to have the most pronounced reduction in tumor volume including a large percentage of complete regressions. Tumor growth was decreased in Group 3 and the most pronounced increase in tumor size was observed in Groups 1, 2 and 4. With respect to laboratory findings, Group 1 showed the maximum incidence and severity of side effects. The vast majority of ill effects were related to the growth of tumors. For example, Group 1 showed increased AST, increased BUN, decreased lymphocytes, decreased hemoglobin and increased platelets. In comparison to this group, Groups 2 and 4 had reduced magnitude of laboratory abnormalities. Group 5 showed the least laboratory abnormalities. With respect to histopathology, the untreated animals had the most profound abnormalities. Specifically, Group 1 had pronounced tumor involvement in multiple organs. In addition, Group 4 mice showed increased metastatic spread over Group 5 mice. Overall, minimal toxicity and significant tumor regression were observed when pIL-12 is delivered with electroporation. The results of this toxicity study demonstrate that it is safe to test this approach in a clinical study.
A CASE OF RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ANEURISM— ATTEMPTED ENDOANEURISMORRHAPHY (MATAS).CURE FOLLOWING SIMULTANEOUS LIGATION OF COMMON CAROTID AND FIRST PORTION OF SUBCLAVIAN.
Authors: HOWARD LILIENTHAL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

A study of the classical paper by Matas<sup>1</sup>describing his operation for the cure of aneurism impressed me profoundly. The operation aims at the obliteration of the sac with comparatively little disturbance of the circulation of the part. After securing preliminary hemostasis by means of the elastic bandage, the aneurism is opened in the general course of the affected vessel and all of its internal orifices are closed by suture. The sac itself is then obliterated by rows or layers of sutures. In the case of sacculated aneurisms this procedure may be carried out without interfering with the lumen of the vessel itself. In fusiform aneurisms, however, it may be necessary to obliterate the affected vessel together with the sac, although in some cases the vascular lumen may be re-established by suturing around a rubber tube, the ends of which have been placed in the two main openings of the
Early course of ulcerative colitis.
Authors: J M Watts, F T De Dombal, G Watkinson, J C Goligher
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The major factors influencing the prognosis in either the first or subsequent attacks of colitis have been found to be the age at onset of symptoms and the severity of disease and extent of involvement of the colon at the time of each attack.The mortality of this disease under present-day forms of treatment has been found to be low, except in patients with total involvement of the colon and rectum, and in patients over the age of 60 years.Specific recommendations are made for the treatment of patients in these high-risk groups.'Edward Lumley surgical research fellow, Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.2In
A Doctor Heads Home to Haiti
Authors: Lionel J. Malebranche
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

A second-year medical resident returned to Haiti, his native country, in the aftermath of the 12 January 2010 earthquake. He witnessed the total devastation of Port-au-Prince, the city of his birth, and great human suffering. He describes the emotional and logistical challenges of providing care to the wounded of this impoverished nation.
Bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone is superior to thalidomide-dexamethasone as consolidation therapy after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Michele Cavo, Lucia Pantani, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Francesca Patriarca, Elena Zamagni, Daniela Donnarumma, Claudia Crippa, Mario Boccadoro, Giulia Perrone, Antonietta Falcone, Chiara Nozzoli, Renato Zambello, Luciano Masini, Anna Furlan, Annamaria Brioli, Daniele Derudas, Stelvio Ballanti, Maria Laura Dessanti, Valerio De Stefano, Angelo Michele Carella, Magda Marcatti, Andrea Nozza, Felicetto Ferrara, Vincenzo Callea, Catello Califano, Annalisa Pezzi, Anna Baraldi, Mariella Grasso, Pellegrino Musto, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: Blood (2012)
Chrysophanic Acid as a Remedy in Skin-Disease
Authors: B. Squire
Journal: BMJ (1877)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.I99breadth.The surrounding bone and the hip-joint were healthy.The diseased surface, to a depth of about a quarter of an inch, was chipped off with the chisel and mallet, and a clean-cut healthy surface of bone re- sulted.After the removal of the diseased bone, the patient's progress was good, and he was dismissed on September 20th with a strong and use- ful limb and with perfect movement in the hip-joint.Both wounds were soundly healed.CHRYSOPHANIC ACID AS A REMEDY IN SKIN-DISEASE.
Doctors had warned of understaffing at Baby P hospital, inquiry finds
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Paediatricians at a north London clinic that failed to recognise that the battered toddler Baby P had a broken back two days before he died were operating under an excessive workload at the time, an independent report has found.

Commissioned by the strategic health authority NHS London, the investigation looked into concerns about poor administration and overworked doctors raised by Kim Holt, a consultant community paediatrician at the child development centre at St Ann’s Hospital in Haringey. Dr Holt has been off work from Haringey, initially with stress related illness, since February 2007 but has been doing …
LONG-TERM SIGNIFICANCE OF EXERCISE-INDUCED VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS IN ATHLETES WITHOUT CARDIOVASCULAR ABNORMALITIES
Authors: Luisa Verdile, Emanuele Guerra, Elvira De Blasiis, Roberto Ciardo, Filippo Quattrini, Fernando M. Di Paolo, Cataldo Pisicchio, Barbara Di Giacinto, Alessandro Biffi, Antonio Pelliccia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Age may wither you
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2014)

I recently wrote to a fellow editor, who replied by telling me he had retired. I asked him what he intended to do next, imaging that he had many years of productivity left in him? I’m still waiting for a response. Perhaps I’m wrong. He may be burnt out, finished, unable to contemplate reading another research paper or writing to a peer reviewer. Perhaps he did his job less well in his latter years than he once did? We imagine that we reach a peak of professional brilliance that only slowly declines. Even better if that peak is a plateau of exceptional service. The consequences of misjudging the worth of a research paper or annoying a peer reviewer tend to be few. Editors, at least those who might have a thick enough skin to make a career of it, tend not to lie awake at night regretting a decision not to publish an article.

I can still, however, still think of clinical scenarios from almost 20 years ago in which I wish I had acted differently. Experience, I imagined, would improve my decision making and skills. It must do mustn’t it? A consultant-led service implies that we put faith in those who are most experienced. Almost any patient would rather be assessed by a consultant, the head of the team, rather than a less senior doctor. Given the choice between a cardiac surgeon of 30 years’ experience and a less experienced colleague, you’d take the longer serving specialist wouldn’t you?

Hickey et al.1 attempt to answer this difficult question and find a surprising answer. After adjusting for case-mix, inevitably more experienced cardiac surgeons tackle more complex cases, there is an increased risk of mortality in patients operated on by longer serving surgeons. This is an uncomfortable finding, which challenges preconceptions about length of service and patient outcomes. The authors caution that the size of the association is modest and may not be clinically significant on average, and it is sensitive to the choice of statistical model. Yet it still raises important questions about increasing the retirement age in technically demanding surgical specialities.

Elsewhere, cardiac surgeons feature in the story of Benjamin Britten, the greatest English composer of opera since Handel. Britten died from heart failure, three years after aortic valve surgery. The cause of Britten’s heart valve disease has been disputed. Petch2 puts the record straight.
Mandatory reporting of all sexually active under-13s
Authors: Hans-Christian Raabe
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Endovascular repair is not worse than open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysmsEditor-The title and interpretation of the EVAR trial results in the POEM are misleading and incorrect. 1Mortality figures were quoted both as aneurysm related and all cause deaths.The 30 day mortality was 1.7% in the EVAR group, which is significantly lower than 4.7% in the open repair group.Surprisingly, the POEM somehow interpreted 30 day mortality to be less than 1% for both groups, which is clearly an error.The confidence intervals (odds ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 0.77, P = 0.009) make type I error unlikely.If preintervention deaths are added to the figures 30 day mortality was calculated at 3.5% for endovascular repair and 7.1% for open surgery. 2 The advantage of endovascular repair is sustained at four years, with 4% aneurysm related deaths in the EVAR group compared with 7% in the open repair group.This confers a 3% absolute reduction in aneurysm related mortality.The all cause mortality rate was comparable in both groups at four years.Endovascular repair offers a 30 day lower risk treatment compared with open surgery in patients who are medically fit with an abdominal aortic aneurysm.Compared with open repair, endovascular repair offers no advantage with respect to all cause mortality and health related quality of life; and is more expensive; however, it confers a 3% improved aneurysm related survival which persists at four years.The POEM's message that endovascular repair is worse than open repair is inaccurate and not evidence based.
TCT-573 Tissue characteristics of jailed strut following single stenting to bifurcation: Optical coherence tomography assessment among four different types of drug-eluting stents
Authors: Hachidai Takahashi, Toshiro Shinke, Hiromasa Otake, Tomofumi Takaya, Masayuki Nakagawa, Hirotoshi Hariki, Tsuyoshi Ohsue, Yu Taniguchi, Masamichi Iwasaki, Ryo Nishio, Hiroto Kinutani, Akihide Konishi, Masaru Kuroda, Daisuke Terashita, Ken-ichi Hirata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Access to heart surgery for smokers: Unsubstantiated assertion
Authors: M A Edgar
Journal: BMJ (1993)

He and many others might never have taken to smoking if there had not been a war.Nothing was known about a link with any disease then.Not even the medical profession knew-except the first few who suspected a link with lung cancer, and even that was not clear for a long time afterwards.All these survivors of the war are now at an age when they may need bypass surgery.They smoked through no fault of their own, and nobody had knowledge of possible consequences.They were encouraged to smoke and given easy access to cigarettes.They gave five years of their young lives to the defence of Britain.Are our surgeons, most of whom will be much younger, and who can have no personal experience of those days, now to deny these men treatment for physical conditions possibly engendered by their years of smoking?I hope not.
Evaluation of pulmonary hypertension by M-mode echocardiography in children with ventricular septal defect.
Authors: N H Silverman, A R Snider, A M Rudolph
Journal: Circulation (1980)

We evaluated the ratio of the right ventricular preejection period to the right ventricular ejec- tion time (RVPEP/RVET) as a predictor of pulmonary hypertension in 16 children with ventricular septal defects (VSD) (group 1).The children ranged in age from 5 months to 18 years.The RVPEP/RVET was measured at the time of cardiac catheterization by M-mode echocardiography from the pulmonary valve echogram and from a simultaneously displayed pulmonary arterial pressure signal obtained with a microtip, manometric catheter.The RVPEP/RVET measured by both methods was comparable (r = 0.91).The RVPEP/RVET was compared with the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PADP) (r = 0.54).The RVPEP/RVET ratio correlated less well with the pulmonary arterial mean pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance.In a second group of 51 children with VSD, echocardiographic measurement of the right ventricular systolic time intervals was performed within 24 hours before cardiac catheterization.The same variables of pulmonary arterial pressure as for group 1 were compared with the RVPEP/RVET ratio, and the results were similar.These data indicate that, although there is a relationship between the RVPEP/RVET and pulmonary hypertension, the ratio alone is not accurate enough to avoid cardiac catheterization in patients considered at risk for pulmonary vascular disease.PERSISTENT ELEVATION of the pulmonary arterial pressure in children with ventricular septal defects may lead to irreversible pulmonary vascular disease.'Currently, the only reliable method for detecting alterations in the pulmonary arterial
Relation Between Coronary “Steal” and Contractile Function at Rest in Collateral-Dependent Myocardium of Humans With Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Gotfred Holmvang, Stefanie Fry, Hal A. Skopicki, Stephen A. Abraham, Nathaniel M. Alpert, Alan J. Fischman, Michael H. Picard, Henry Gewirtz
Journal: Circulation (1999)

We tested the hypothesis that rest asynergy in collateral-dependent myocardium correlates with coronary steal.PET with [13N]ammonia measured myocardial blood flow and flow reserve in 15 patients with symptomatic chronic ischemic heart disease. Coronary angiography assessed stenosis severity and collateral blood supply. Echocardiography or contrast ventriculography evaluated regional wall motion. Collateral-dependent segments with normal flow at rest and supplied by coronary vessels having </=50% diameter stenosis were studied. Steal was defined as a decline in myocardial blood flow with adenosine >/=0.15 mL. min-1. g-1 versus rest. Blood flow at rest in asynergic, collateral-dependent segments with steal (1.15+/-0.35 mL. min-1. g-1) exceeded (P<0.0001) that of asynergic segments without steal (0.81+/-0.24) and those with normal contraction (0.77+/-0.18). Although the flow reserve ratio of segments with normal contraction (1.8+/-0.8) exceeded that of asynergic ones with (0.6+/-0.1) or without (1.3+/-0.4) steal, overlap was great. Correlation between basal contraction and flow reserve ratio in collateral-dependent myocardium was significant but weak (r=0.45, P<0.001). However, segments demonstrating "steal" with adenosine manifested asynergy in 22 of 23 collateral-dependent segments versus 24 of 39 nonsteal segments (chi2=7.10, P<0.01).Although myocardial flow reserve in collateral-dependent segments with normal contraction exceeded that of asynergic segments, overlap was great. However, in patients with angina or congestive heart failure, left ventricular segments demonstrating steal with adenosine almost always exhibit asynergy at rest. Thus, coronary steal may play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic contractile impairment at rest, whereas simple reduction of flow reserve may be less important in selected patients.