tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Normal Salt Solution.
Authors: C. H. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, Aug. 17, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Have just been reading the really valuable article, "Saline Infusions" (<i>vide</i>Journal, August 6, p. 306), and its suggestions will doubtless have great weight with many practitioners. In view of that fact, I thought it might be well to call attention to a typographic error in the fourth line from the top of page 307, where it directs a 6 per cent. salt solution when it should say.6 per cent. More especially did I think it necessary, since I saw no correction in last week's number. Life-saving measures ought to be well known, and this certainly is one. Truly yours, Of course our correspondent noticed what was so obvious that the necessary punctuation mark in front of the figure six (.6) was omitted, and its absence escaped the attention of the proof-reader. But the formula was correctly stated in the preceding column of
Primary lung adenocarcinoma: characteristics by smoking habit and sex
Authors: G.M. Stella, M. Luisetti, E. Pozzi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

To the Editors:

The recent article by Nagy-Mignotte et al . [1] focused on a relevant and still open issue about lung carcinogenesis, which is how sex and smoking habit could affect lung cancer onset and progression. Through an observational, retrospective, single-centre study, the authors analysed the epidemiological features of an extraordinarily large and well recorded cohort of primary lung adenocarcinomas. Their results are coherent with previously published reports that suggest a potential susceptibility of females to developing adenocarcinomas; interestingly, the study unveils different generations in tumour presentation of female patients according to their smoking status.

We read this article with great interest and we believe that it could be of clear interest in terms of preventive medicine. However, we would like to draw attention to the fact that cancer is a complex disease, associated with genetic lesions (mainly represented by changes in DNA sequence resulting in the production of …
Food Insecurity Harms Health, Well-being of Millions in the United States
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influenza Immunization in Pregnancy — Antibody Responses in Mothers and Infants
Authors: Mark C. Steinhoff, Saad B. Omer, Eliza Roy, Shams E. Arifeen, Rubhana Raqib, Mekibib Altaye, Robert F. Breiman, Khalequ Zaman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The authors present antibody data for mothers and infants from a trial of influenza vaccine in pregnant women. The observations suggest that maternal immunization results in the presence of antibod...
TCT-651 The Relevance to Clinical Outcomes of Stent Fracture after Second Generation DES deployment
Authors: Takahiro Tokuda, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Motoharu Araki, Norihiro Kobayashi, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinsuke Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Hiroya Takafuji
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
How soon is now? Public health and the BMJ.
Authors: D Porter
Journal: BMJ (1990)

In the BMJ on the eve of the Public Health Act 1875 medicine's parliamentary champion, Lyon Playfair, honoured the contribution of physicians to securing the public health, while bemoaning the thanklessness of their task."Each new confidence is bestowed under protest and is yielded after much show of suspicion," he complained, assuring his readers that If you were to believe the speeches which are made, medical men, instead of being the saviour of humanity, are the enemies of mankind.The country is determined not to be ruled by them, and yet is continually bestowing upon them increased powers.What does all this mean?'
Biochemical validation of a rat model for polycystic kidney disease: Comparison of guanidino compound profile with the human condition
Authors: A. Torremans, B. Marescau, B. Kränzlin, N. Gretz, J.-M. Billiouw, R. Vanholder, R. De Smet, K. Bouwman, R. Brouns, P.P. De Deyn
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Mast cells play a key role in neutrophil recruitment in experimental bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Ruoyan Chen, Gang Ning, Ming-Lang Zhao, Matthew G. Fleming, Luis A. Diaz, Zena Werb, Zhi Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an inflammatory subepidermal blistering disease associated with an IgG autoimmune response to the hemidesmosomal protein BP180. Passive transfer of antibodies to the murine BP180 (mBP180) ectodomain triggers a blistering skin disease in mice that depends on complement activation and neutrophil infiltration and closely mimics human BP. In the present study, we show that mast cells (MCs) play a crucial role in experimental BP. Wild-type mice injected intradermally with pathogenic anti-mBP180 IgG exhibited extensive MC degranulation in skin, which preceded neutrophil infiltration and subsequent subepidermal blistering. In contrast, mice genetically deficient in MCs or MC-sufficient mice pretreated with an inhibitor of MC degranulation failed to develop BP. Further, MC-deficient mice reconstituted in skin with MCs became susceptible to experimental BP. Despite the activation of complement to yield C3a and C5a, in the absence of MCs, accumulation of neutrophils at the injection site was blunted. The lack of response due to MC deficiency was overcome by intradermal administration of a neutrophil chemoattractant, IL-8, or by reconstitution of the injection sites with neutrophils. These findings provide the first direct evidence to our knowledge that MCs play an essential role in neutrophil recruitment during subepidermal blister formation in experimental BP.
Alistair MacGregor Michael
Authors: B. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2010)

This article examines some of the recent advances in haematology in both themalignant and non-malignant areas of the speciality. Improvements in survival rates after effective chemotherapy now present the haematologist with the challenges of how to minimise therapeutic side effects without affecting outcome and the role of stratification as well as specific monitoring of enzyme activity are discussed. Many treatments for haematological malignancy have significant late effects which are only now becoming a problem - what these are, how to identify them and how they can be limited are examined. The increased knowledge of the altered pathways that lead to malignancy has allowed a whole slew of new therapies to be developed often with excellent results. The role of new iron chelation agents and the so called ‘universal haemostatic agent’ activated factor VII are also discussed.
LONG-TERM SURVIVAL FOLLOWING SAPHENOUS VEIN GRAFT VERSUS NATIVE VESSEL PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY DRUG-ELUTING STENT ERA
Authors: Arvindh N. Kanagasundram, Luke Kim, Rajesh Swaminathan, S. Chiu Wong, Robert M. Minutello, Geoffrey Bergman, Dmitriy N. Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Neurologic Effects of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Authors: A. T. MARUBBIO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters1 June 1981Neurologic Effects of Vitamin B12 DeficiencyA. T. MARUBBIO, M.D.A. T. MARUBBIO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-6-823_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his article on vitamin B12 deficiency caused by a low cholesterol diet in a vegetarian (1), Murphy comments in his penultimate paragraph, "Had he (the patient) continued to eat a folate-rich vitamin B12-deficient diet, serious neurologic sequelae might have developed." In the 1960s, I spent a year in Calcutta and had occasion to speak with the hematologist at the Royal School of Tropical Medicine Hygiene, Dr. Chatterjee. At one point, the topic of neurologic deficiency in vitamin B12 deficiency in vegans came up, and he gave as his opinion that it was unlikely that neurologic deficiency...Reference1. MURPHY M. Vitamin B12 deficiency due to a low-cholesterol diet in a vegetarian. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:57-8. LinkGoogle Scholar1. BADENOCH J. The use of labelled vitamin B12 and gastric biopsy in the investigation of anaemia. Proc Roy Soc Med. 1954;47:426-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MIRAFALLOWFIELD HJ. Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a vegan. Postgrad Med J. 1971;47:624-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GLEESONGRAVES MP. Complications of dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 in young caucasians. Postgrad Med J. 1974;50:462-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. JADHAVWEBBVAISHNAVABAKER MJSS. Vitamin B12 deficiency in Indian infants. Lancet. 1962;2:903-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Fargo Clinic, Ltd. Fargo, ND 58123 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1981Volume 94, Issue 6Page: 823-824KeywordsCholesterolDietHematology and oncologyHygieneVitamin B12 deficiency Issue Published: 1 June 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Website of the week: Hypernotes
Authors: C. Martyn
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Academics like to shore up their publications with footnotes, tables, and long lists of references. But editors worry that general readers find this scholarly paraphernalia more of a nuisance than a help, cluttering the page and obscuring the line of argument. One solution for journals that have an electronic version, such as the BMJ, is to put the full version—including these extras—on the web.

Chris McManus, who won a Wellcome Trust prize designed to enable a professional scientist to write a popular science book, has done something similar for Right Hand, Left Hand: The Origins of Asymmetry in Brains, Bodies, Atoms and Cultures (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002). Believing that this sort of thing should be scholarly but not academic, he decided not to include the footnotes that he wrote during the book's preparation. Instead, he created an electronic equivalent, hypernotes, which can be viewed at www.righthandlefthand.com. As well as the notes themselves, the html version has pop-ups and links to other sites—footnotes to the footnotes, if you like.

Hypertext theorists (see http://alpha.qmw.ac.uk/~english/cbl/project/fivestanding/hype/hyper-text.htm) contrast the inflexible linearity of conventional text with the multisequential way in which hypermedia are experienced. They argue that, in hypertext, the traditional roles of author and reader as teller and listener become less clear. Hypertext readers, continually presented with chances to diverge and opportunities for supplementary information, must choose the narrative themselves. Footnotes, Endnotes, and the Experience of Reading Hypertext (http://vp.engl.wvu.edu/landow/reading.html), which is itself a kind of online footnote to the journal Victorian Poetry, observes that the footnotes of scholarly articles perform a primitive version of the same function in an environment of paper and ink. They allow the reader to decide, mid-sentence, whether to leave the main text for more information or continue reading. In evolutionary terms, the footnote is an ancestor of the hypertext link. Perhaps it is now under threat from McManus's more flexible and better adapted hypernote.
Focus: Brussels: Action on tobacco needs more political will
Authors: R Watson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Nothing better displays the contradictions in European Union (EU) policy than its attitude towards tobacco. On the one hand, the EU's agricultural policy spends 3.5m ecu ( £ 2.69m) every day supporting domestic tobacco producers. On the other hand, it allocates just 1.5m ecu ( £ 1.15m) a year to antismoking campaigns as part of its Europe Against Cancer programme. This is despite the fact that there are just 182 000 tobacco producers and, according to the World Health Organisation, 450 000 tobacco related deaths in the EU each year.

The reasons for the imbalance are not hard to find. Farmers, and especially ministers of agriculture, are one of the most powerful lobbies in the union. Agriculture has been one of the EU's core policies, and in classic EU fashion farmers in Greece, Italy, and Spain, where most tobacco is grown, should have as equal access to union funds as …
Do you have NIH funding? Then read this.
Authors: Ushma S. Neill, Karen Kosht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

In the "Policy on enhancing public access to archived publications resulting from NIH-funded research," the NIH requests that all publications resulting from primary research supported by NIH grants be deposited in PubMed Central (PMC), the online repository of the National Library of Medicine. The NIH requests that all manuscripts accepted for publication after May 2, 2005 be deposited in PMC, and that those manuscripts be made freely available to the public within 12 months of publication. The JCI supports this policy: we will continue to make all content freely available in PMC immediately upon publication, and the entire JCI archive is freely available through PMC.
Comparison of use of the Dalkon Shield in Dublin and Southampton.
Authors: J F Miller, R Snowden, J T Loughran, M Elstein
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The results of fitting Dalkon Shield I.U.D.s in Southampton and Dublin were compared. At 12 months the continuation rates were 77.4% and 93.4% respectively. There were also differences between the two cities in the major complication rates associated with the use of the device. At 12 months these rates for Southampton and Dublin were: pregnancy 5.6% and 1.4%, expulsion 4.0% and 0.9%, and removal for pain and/or bleeding 12.1% and 3.0%, respectively. Possible reasons for the difference in performance may include the older average age of the users in Dublin, and the greater number and more varied experience of the medical staff responsible for fitting in Southampton. We recommend that population factors be taken into account when comparing data relating to fertility regulation.
Airflow Obstruction, Lung Function, and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jingjing Li, Sunil K. Agarwal, Alvaro Alonso, Saul Blecker, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Stephanie J. London, Laura R. Loehr, Ann Marie McNeill, Charles Poole, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Gerardo Heiss
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Reduced low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is reportedly associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Extant reports do not provide separate estimates for never smokers or for blacks, who incongruously have lower AF incidence than whites.We examined 15 004 middle-aged blacks and whites enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study. Standardized spirometry data were collected at the baseline examination. Incident AF was identified from the first among the following: International Classification of Diseases codes for AF on hospital discharge records or death certificates or 12-lead ECGs performed during 3 triennial follow-up visits. Over an average follow-up of 17.5 years, a total of 1691 participants (11%) developed new-onset AF. The rate of incident AF was inversely associated with FEV1 in each of the 4 race and sex groups. After multivariable adjustment for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors and height, hazard ratios of AF comparing the lowest with the highest quartile of FEV1 were 1.37 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.83) for white women, 1.49 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.91) for white men, 1.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.66) for black women, and 2.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.30-4.29) for black men. The above associations were observed across all smoking status categories. Moderate/severe airflow obstruction (FEV1/forced vital capacity <0.70 and FEV1 < 80% of predicted value) was also associated with higher AF incidence.In this large population-based study with a long-term follow-up, reduced FEV1 and obstructive respiratory disease were associated with a higher AF incidence after adjustment for measured confounders.
Induction of cellular resistance against Kupffer cell–derived oxidant stress: A novel concept of hepatoprotection by ischemic preconditioning
Authors: Rolf J. Schauer, Alexander L. Gerbes, Daniel Vonier, Mark op den Winkel, Peter Fraunberger, Manfred Bilzer
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Ischemic preconditioning (IP) triggers protection of the liver from prolonged subsequent ischemia. However, the underlying protective mechanisms are largely unknown. We investigated whether and how IP protects the liver against reperfusion injury caused by Kupffer cell (KC)-derived oxidants. IP before 90 minutes of warm ischemia of rat livers in vivo significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (AST) levels and leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules during reperfusion. This protective effect was mimicked by postischemic intravenous infusion of glutathione (GSH), an antioxidative strategy against KC-derived H 2 O 2 . Interestingly, no additional protection was achieved by infusion of GSH to preconditioned animals. These findings and several additional experiments strongly suggest IP mediated antioxidative effects: IP prevented oxidant cell injury in isolated perfused rat livers after selective KC activation by zymosan. Moreover, IP prevented cell injury and pertubations of the intracellular GSH/GSSG redox system caused by direct infusion of H 2 O 2 (0.5 mmol/L). IP-mediated resistance against H 2 O 2 could neither be blocked by the adenosine A2a antagonist DMPX nor mimicked by A2a agonist CGS21680. In contrast, H 2 O 2 resistance was abolished by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor SB203580, but induced when p38 MAPK was directly activated by anisomycin. In conclusion, we propose a novel concept of hepatoprotection by IP: protection of liver cells by enhancing their resistance against KC-derived H 2 O 2 . Activation of p38 MAPK and preservation of the intracellular GSH/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) redox system, but not adenosine A2a receptor stimulation, seems to be pivotal for the development of H 2 O 2 resistance in preconditioned livers.
The cause of clinical variance
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Why does the United States spend so much on healthcare yet have such poor health outcomes? Why do many patients from the developing world believe that “injections” are a cure-all? The answer is simple: financial incentives are grossly disfiguring world healthcare. Pay doctors to intervene, and they duly will, irrespective of the harms caused. A nation’s health seeking behaviour is solely defined by the payment structure of its healthcare system. Thus, private systems have a vested interest in making us all patients, for this is just …
Recurrent ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: P G Nixon, L J Freeman
Journal: BMJ (1985)

When I was conducting my study one of the few doctors who performed satisfactorily was a recently qualified house officer.I was impressed by her performance and asked her where she had learnt her resuscitation skills.She told me she had been taught resuscitation many years before when she had been a Girl Guide.Surely it is not too much to ask that British medical schools teach resuscitation skills to the same standard as the Girl Guides.
Responding to the Rofecoxib Withdrawal Crisis: A New Model for Notifying Patients at Risk and Their Health Care Providers
Authors: Anil Jain, Ashish Atreja, C. Martin Harris, Meghan Lehmann, Jon Burns, James Young
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: We decided to inform our patients of the withdrawal of rofecoxib, one of the largest drug withdrawals in United States history, and instruct them to contact their providers for guidance. Objective: To identify and inform patients and providers affected by the rofecoxib withdrawal. Design: Descriptive observational study. Setting: Tertiary care center with an electronic medical record (EMR) system. Patients: Patients with an active rofecoxib prescription within the EMR. Intervention: Existing information technology and traditional communication resources were used to automate the identifying and notifying of patients and providers and to deactivate rofecoxib prescriptions in the EMR. Measurements: Characteristics of patients receiving rofecoxib at our institution, details of their prescription and provider, number of EMR alerts, and medication discontinuations. Results: The 11 699 patients with a rofecoxib prescription in our practice were sent notifications within 24 hours of the withdrawal. Limitations: We did not directly measure the effect of our notification on patients or providers. Conclusions: Information technology enabled our institution to rapidly identify and notify individual patients and their providers about an important drug withdrawal. The methods modeled a feasible way for health care organizations with EMRs to participate in notification processes that may be applicable in a variety of situations.
Fingerstick Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Plasma Protein, and Albumin
Authors: Marc Rendell, Carol Brannan, Julia Nierenberg, Kathy Rasbold, Tim Hestorff
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

We have developed techniques that permit the affinity-chromatographic determination of glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma protein, and albumin on fingerstick samples of whole blood. The fingerstick glycohemoglobin technique takes advantage of the high sensitivity of measurement of hemoglobin by absorbance at 414 nm. The glycosylated plasma protein is assayed by a highly sensitive method based on binding of Coomassie blue. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used to measure albumin in the bound and nonbound fractions of an aminophenylboronic acid chromatographic separation. The fingerstick method for assay of glycosylated plasma albumin gives results that are approximately 40% higher than comparable values obtained on the same patient with a 1-ml plasma sample determined with the bromcresol green technique. There is good correlation of fingerstick glycoalbumins with fingerstick glycohemoglobins and glycosylated plasma protein values. These procedures should be useful for children and for large-scale ambulatory screening for diabetes mellitus.