tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A sequence variant at 4p16.3 confers susceptibility to urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Lambertus A Kiemeney, Patrick Sulem, Soren Besenbacher, Sita H Vermeulen, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Simon N Stacey, Julius Gudmundsson, Carlo Zanon, Jelena Kostic, Gisli Masson, Hjordis Bjarnason, Stefan T Palsson, Oskar B Skarphedinsson, Sigurjon A Gudjonsson, J Alfred Witjes, Anne J Grotenhuis, Gerald W Verhaegh, D Timothy Bishop, Sei Chung Sak, Ananya Choudhury, Faye Elliott, Jennifer H Barrett, Carolyn D Hurst, Petra J de Verdier, Charlotta Ryk, Peter Rudnai, Eugene Gurzau, Kvetoslava Koppova, Paolo Vineis, Silvia Polidoro, Simonetta Guarrera, Carlotta Sacerdote, Marcello Campagna, Donatella Placidi, Cecilia Arici, Maurice P Zeegers, Eliane Kellen, Berta Saez Gutierrez, José I Sanz-Velez, Manuel Sanchez-Zalabardo, Gabriel Valdivia, Maria D Garcia-Prats, Jan G Hengstler, Meinolf Blaszkewicz, Holger Dietrich, Roel A Ophoff, Leonard H van den Berg, Kristin Alexiusdottir, Kristleifur Kristjansson, Gudmundur Geirsson, Sigfus Nikulasson, Vigdis Petursdottir, Augustine Kong, Thorgeir Thorgeirsson, N Aydin Mungan, Annika Lindblom, Michael A van Es, Stefano Porru, Frank Buntinx, Klaus Golka, José I Mayordomo, Rajiv Kumar, Giuseppe Matullo, Gunnar Steineck, Anne E Kiltie, Katja K H Aben, Eirikur Jonsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Margaret A Knowles, Thorunn Rafnar, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Is blood of uncomplicated hemochromatosis patients safe and effective for blood transfusion? A systematic review
Authors: Emmy De Buck, Nele S. Pauwels, Tessa Dieltjens, Veerle Compernolle, Philippe Vandekerckhove
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)

Hemochromatosis is a disorder of the iron metabolism, characterized by high body iron content, necessitating frequent phlebotomies to remove excess iron. In some countries, this blood is discarded and not used for blood transfusion because of the non-voluntary character of this donation, and because a potential risk of microbial contamination of the donor blood is assumed. A systematic review was performed in order to collect and critically examine solid evidence with regard to the effectiveness and safety of blood for transfusion when derived from hemochromatosis patients who do not suffer from complications or organ damage. Using three databases (The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Embase) we searched for studies from date of inception until January 2012. Out of 3470 articles, 80 references that were relevant to our question were selected, including many opinion pieces, comments, letters, and narrative reviews. Based on our selection criteria, we finally retained only six observational studies, so evidence on this subject is scarce and furthermore, the strength of the available evidence is low to very low, due to poor study designs. We found no evidence that red blood cell concentrates from hemochromatosis patients without complications of iron overload do not comply with the physiological quality requirements for transfusion, nor that their blood would present a greater risk to recipient safety than blood from non-hemochromatosis donors. However, in vitro findings from two studies suggest that iron-overloaded patients would be more susceptible to bacterial growth, but future in vivo studies are warranted to confirm this. Based on this, we call for harmonization of the blood donor selection policy among countries allowing hemochromatosis patients who do not suffer from complications of iron overload to donate blood, once iron levels are normalized.
Vascular Morphogenesis and Remodeling in a Human Tumor Xenograft
Authors: Sybill Patan, Shigeru Tanda, Sylvie Roberge, Rosemary C. Jones, Rakesh K. Jain, Lance L. Munn
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

To determine mechanisms of blood vessel formation and growth in solid tumors, we used a model in which LS174T human colon adenocarcinomas are grown in the isolated ovarian pedicle of nude mice. Reconstruction of 3500 histological serial sections demonstrated that a new vascular network composed of venous-venous loops of varying sizes grows inside the tumor from the wall of the adjacent main vein. Loops elongate and remodel to establish complex loop systems. The mechanisms of loop formation and remodeling correspond to intussusceptive microvascular growth (IMG). In the tissue surrounding the tumor segmentation, another mechanism of IMG is prevalent in venous vessels. Comparison to vascular morphogenesis in the ovariectomized pedicle not only confirms the existence of corresponding mechanisms in both systems, but also reveals numerous sprouts that are superimposed onto loop systems and pathological deviations of loop formation, remodeling, and segmentation in the tumor. These pathological mechanisms interfere with vessel patency that likely cause heterogenous perfusion and hypoxia thus perpetuating angiogenesis. Blood vessel formation based on IMG was also detected in a large thrombus that completely occluded a part of an ovarian artery branch.
Eosinophil-induced liver injury: an experimental model using IL-5 transgenic mice
Authors: Keisuke Tsuda, Takashi Maeda, Akira Tominaga, Yoshiya Watanabe, Eriko Miyazaki, Hideaki Enzan, Naoaki Akisawa, Shinji Iwasaki, Toshiji Saibara, Saburo Onishi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Modulation of T cell function through L-arginine metabolism: a new therapy from an old enemy
Authors: Matthew Fletcher, Maria E Ramirez, Rosa Sierra, Patrick Raber, Paulo Rodriguez
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Recent studies have suggested the relevance of different energy metabolic pathways in the balance between protective T cell immunity and T cell anergy in tumors. We and others have suggested the role of the depletion of the non-essential amino acid L-arginine as a mechanism for
Accuracy in Reporting Past Psychiatric Symptoms
Authors: Wilson M. Compton, Marsha F. Lopez
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Recombinant human DNase nebulisation in children with cystic fibrosis: before bedtime or after waking up?
Authors: L. J. van der Giessen, R. Gosselink, W. C. J. Hop, H. A. W. M. Tiddens
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The present study focused on patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), who were on maintenance therapy with recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), with the aim of comparing efficacy and possible side effects of nebulisation of rhDNase when taken before bedtime with efficacy and side effects when taken after waking up. A randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover study group was used. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) CF, 2) stable clinical condition and 3) rhDNase maintenance therapy. Patients in group I inhaled rhDNase before bedtime and a placebo after waking up in weeks 1-2. The protocol was reversed during weeks 3-4. Group II patients performed the reverse of this sequence. Patients continued with their daily routine sputum expectoration. The primary end-point was classified as the maximal instantaneous forced flow when 25% of the forced vital capacity remained to be exhaled (MEF(25%)). Pulmonary functions tests were performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. At 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks arterial oxygen saturation and cough frequency were measured during the night. A total of 24 patients completed the study. The mean (range) age of the patients was 13 (6-19) yrs. MEF(25%), taken to be the primary end-point, did not show a significant difference between nebulisation of rhDNase before bedtime compared with when taken after waking up. Nocturnal cough, oxygen saturation, and other secondary end-points were not significantly different between the two study periods. In conclusion, the present study found that it is equally effective and safe to nebulise recombinant human deoxyribonuclease before bedtime compared with when performed after waking up in children with cystic fibrosis, who are on maintenance treatment with recombinant human deoxyribonuclease.
Moses Maimonides' Treatise on Asthma.
Authors: A Sakula
Journal: Thorax (1981)

of Dr Fred Rosner's authoritative paper, in your April issue, on Moses Maimonides' Treatise on Asthma refers to "a briefbiographical section", which does not appear to be included in the text.May I therefore be permitted to provide a few details of the life of Maimonides, who was physician to princes, and was described by Sir William Osler as "the prince of physicians".Moses Maimonides was born on 30 March 1135 in Cordoba, in Moorish Spain, which was at that time a great seat of Jewish learning.There is now in Cordoba a charming statue of Maimonides situated near his birthplace.Maimonides was descended from an intel- lectually aristocratic family of Jewish scholars, and his father was Rabbi Maimon.When Moses himself later became a Rabbi, he was known as Rabbi Moses ben Maimon, the initials of which R'M'B'M led to him being referred to as the RAMBAM.Maimon-ides is the Greek version, meaning the son of Maimon.As a lad Maimonides' brilliance was soon demon- strated by his mastery of Hebrew, Arabic, and Spanish Christian writings.
Cell Carriage, Delivery, and Selective Replication of an Oncolytic Virus in Tumor in Patients
Authors: Robert A. Adair, Victoria Roulstone, Karen J. Scott, Ruth Morgan, Gerard J. Nuovo, Martin Fuller, Deborah Beirne, Emma J. West, Victoria A. Jennings, Ailsa Rose, Joan Kyula, Sheila Fraser, Rajiv Dave, David A. Anthoney, Alison Merrick, Robin Prestwich, Amer Aldouri, Oliver Donnelly, Hardev Pandha, Matt Coffey, Peter Selby, Richard Vile, Giles Toogood, Kevin Harrington, Alan A. Melcher
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

Oncolytic viruses, which preferentially lyse cancer cells and stimulate an antitumor immune response, represent a promising approach to the treatment of cancer. However, how they evade the antiviral immune response and their selective delivery to, and replication in, tumor over normal tissue has not been investigated in humans. Here, we treated patients with a single cycle of intravenous reovirus before planned surgery to resect colorectal cancer metastases in the liver. Tracking the viral genome in the circulation showed that reovirus could be detected in plasma and blood mononuclear, granulocyte, and platelet cell compartments after infusion. Despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies before viral infusion in all patients, replication-competent reovirus that retained cytotoxicity was recovered from blood cells but not plasma, suggesting that transport by cells could protect virus for potential delivery to tumors. Analysis of surgical specimens demonstrated greater, preferential expression of reovirus protein in malignant cells compared to either tumor stroma or surrounding normal liver tissue. There was evidence of viral factories within tumor, and recovery of replicating virus from tumor (but not normal liver) was achieved in all four patients from whom fresh tissue was available. Hence, reovirus could be protected from neutralizing antibodies after systemic administration by immune cell carriage, which delivered reovirus to tumor. These findings suggest new preclinical and clinical scheduling and treatment combination strategies to enhance in vivo immune evasion and effective intravenous delivery of oncolytic viruses to patients in vivo.
Heterozygosity for <i>Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α</i> Decreases the Incidence of Thymic Lymphomas in a p53 Mutant Mouse Model
Authors: Jessica A. Bertout, Shetal A. Patel, Benjamin H. Fryer, Amy C. Durham, Kelly L. Covello, Kenneth P. Olive, Michael H. Goldschmidt, M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Hypoxia inducible factors (HIF) are critical mediators of the cellular response to decreased oxygen tension and are overexpressed in a number of tumors. Although HIF1α and HIF2α share a high degree of sequence homology, recent work has shown that the two α subunits can have contrasting and tissue-specific effects on tumor growth. To directly compare the role of each HIFα subunit in spontaneous tumorigenesis, we bred a mouse model of expanded HIF2α expression and Hif1α+/− mice to homozygotes for the R270H mutation in p53. Here, we report that p53R270H/R270H mice, which have not been previously described, develop a unique tumor spectrum relative to p53R270H/− mice, including a high incidence of thymic lymphomas. Heterozygosity for Hif1α significantly reduced the incidence of thymic lymphomas observed in this model. Moreover, reduced Hif1α levels correlated with decreased stabilization of activated Notch1 and expression of the Notch target genes, Dtx1 and Nrarp. These observations uncover a novel role for HIF1α in Notch pathway activation during T-cell lymphomagenesis. [Cancer Res 2009;69(7):3213–20]
Airway obstruction related to diacetyl exposure at microwave popcorn production facilities
Authors: J. E. Lockey, T. J. Hilbert, L. P. Levin, P. H. Ryan, K. L. White, E. K. Borton, C. H. Rice, R. T. McKay, G. K. LeMasters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Obstructive lung diseases including bronchiolitis obliterans have been reported among microwave popcorn production employees. Butter flavourings including diacetyl have been associated with these findings. The present study was initiated at four microwave popcorn production plants to determine if exposure to diacetyl was associated with decrements in pulmonary function. Comprehensive diacetyl exposure assessment was undertaken for all job tasks. Spirometry was conducted for 765 full-time employees between 2005 and 2006. Outcomes included decrement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) % predicted, airway obstruction and persistent decline in FEV<sub>1</sub>. Inclusion in the high-exposure group (mixers) prior to respirator use was associated with a significantly decreased FEV<sub>1</sub> % pred in non-Asian and Asian males at -6.1 and -11.8% pred, respectively, and an eight-fold increased risk for airway obstruction. Cumulative diacetyl exposure ≥0.8 ppm-yr caused similar results. No significant impact was seen in nonmixers or between current diacetyl exposure and persistent decline in FEV<sub>1</sub>. Unprotected exposure as a mixer to butter flavouring including diacetyl resulted in decrements in FEV<sub>1</sub> (% pred) and increased airway obstruction. Control of employee exposure to butter flavouring additives is warranted in regard to both short-term peak and 8-h workday exposure.
Notch1 in Bone Marrow–Derived Cells Mediates Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yuxin Li, Yukio Hiroi, Soeun Ngoy, Ryuji Okamoto, Kensuke Noma, Chao-Yung Wang, Hong-Wei Wang, Qian Zhou, Freddy Radtke, Ronglih Liao, James K. Liao
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— The signaling mechanisms that regulate the recruitment of bone marrow (BM)–derived cells to the injured heart are not well known. Notch receptors mediate binary cell fate determination and may regulate the function of BM-derived cells. However, it is not known whether Notch1 signaling in BM-derived cells mediates cardiac repair after myocardial injury. Methods and Results— Mice with postnatal cardiac-specific deletion of Notch1 exhibit infarct size and heart function after ischemic injury that is similar to that of control mice. However, mice with global hemizygous deletion of Notch1 (N1 ± ) developed larger infarct size and worsening heart function. When the BM of N1 ± mice were transplanted into wild-type (WT) mice, infarct size and heart function were worsened and neovascularization in the infarct border area was reduced compared with WT mice transplanted with WT BM. In contrast, transplantation of WT BM into N1 ± mice lessened the myocardial injury observed in N1 ± mice. Indeed, hemizygous deletion of Notch1 in BM-derived cells leads to decreased recruitment, proliferation, and survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Compared with WT MSC, injection of N1 ± MSC into the infarcted heart leads to increased myocardial injury whereas injection of MSC overexpressing Notch intracellular domain leads to decreased infarct size and improved cardiac function. Conclusions— These findings indicate that Notch1 signaling in BM-derived cells is critical for cardiac repair and suggest that strategies that increase Notch1 signaling in BM-derived MSC could have therapeutic benefits in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Proteolytic release of membrane bound intercellular regulators
Authors: V E EYSSELEIN
Journal: Gut (1999)

The ectodomains of numerous proteins are released from cells by proteolysis to yield soluble intercellular regulators.The responsible protease, tumor necrosis factor-converting enzyme (TACE), has been identified only in the case when tumor necrosis factor-(TNF ) is released.Analyses of cells lacking this metalloproteinase-disintegrin revealed an expanded role for TACE in the processing of other cell surface proteins, including a TNF receptor, the L-selectin adhesion molecule, and transforming growth factor-(TGF ).The phenotype of mice lacking TACE suggests an essential role for soluble TGF in normal development and emphasizes the importance of protein ectodomain shedding in vivo.
EBUS-centred versus EUS-centred mediastinal staging in lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hyo Jae Kang, Bin Hwangbo, Geon-Kook Lee, Byung-Ho Nam, Hyun-Sung Lee, Moon Soo Kim, Jong Mog Lee, Jae Ill Zo, Hee Seok Lee, Ji-Youn Han
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The impact of procedure sequence and primary procedure has not been studied in the combined application of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in lung cancer staging. <h3>Methods</h3> In a randomised controlled trial, 160 patients with histologically confirmed or strongly suspected potentially operable non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled (Group A, n=80, EBUS-centred; Group B, n=80, EUS-centred). EBUS-TBNA and EUS-FNA with an ultrasound bronchoscope were used as the first procedures in Groups A and B, respectively, and secondary procedures (EUS-FNA in Group A, EBUS-TBNA in Group B) were added. <h3>Results</h3> Diagnostic values were evaluated in 148 patients (74 in each group). In Groups A and B the diagnostic accuracy (93.2% (95% CI 87.5% to 99.0%) vs 97.3% (95% CI 93.6% to 101.0%), p=0.245) and sensitivity (85.3% (95% CI 68.9% to 95.0%) vs 92.0% (95% CI 74.0% to 99.0%), p=0.431) in detecting mediastinal metastasis were not statistically different. In Group A, adding EUS-FNA to EBUS-TBNA did not significantly increase the accuracy (from 91.9% to 93.2%, p=0.754) or sensitivity (from 82.4% to 85.3%, p=0.742). In group B, adding EBUS-TBNA to EUS-FNA increased the accuracy (from 86.5% to 97.3%, p=0.016) and sensitivity (from 60.0% to 92.0%, p=0.008). There were no intergroup differences in procedure time, cardiorespiratory parameters during procedures, complications or patient satisfaction. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Using a combination of EBUS-TBNA and EUS-FNA in mediastinal staging, we found that diagnostic values and patient satisfaction were not different between the EBUS-centred and EUS-centred groups. However, the necessity for EBUS-TBNA following EUS suggests that EBUS-TBNA is a better primary procedure in endoscopic mediastinal staging of potentially operable lung cancer. <h3>Trial Registration number</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01385111.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Early Transplant Tubulointerstitial Damage
Authors: Matthew J. Vitalone, Philip J. O'Connell, Elvira Jimenez-Vera, Aysen Yuksel, Moses Wavamunno, Caroline L.-S. Fung, Jeremy R. Chapman, Brian J. Nankivell
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

It is unknown whether epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leads to tubulointerstitial fibrosis in renal transplants. In this study, interstitial fibrosis and markers of EMT were followed in protocol transplant biopsies in 24 patients. Tubulointerstitial damage (TID) increased from 34 to 54% between 1 and 3 mo after transplantation. Detection of EMT depended on the marker used; low levels of α-smooth muscle actin were found in 61% of biopsies, but the less specific marker S100 calcium binding protein-A4 (also known as Fsp1) suggested a higher incidence of EMT. The presence or development of TID did not correlate with EMT but instead significantly correlated with subclinical immune activity (P < 0.05). Among biopsies showing TID, microarray analysis revealed differential regulation of 127 genes at 1 mo and 67 genes at 3 mo compared with baseline; these genes were predominantly associated with fibrosis, tissue remodeling, and immune response. Of the 173 EMT-associated genes interrogated, however, only 8.1% showed an expression pattern consistent with EMT at 1 mo and 6.3% at 3 mo. The remainder were not differentially altered, or their changes in expression were opposite those expected to promote EMT. Quantitative reverse transcriptase–PCR revealed that the expression pattern of 12 EMT-associated genes was inconsistent over time, opposite that expected, or consistent with subclinical rejection or inflammation. In conclusion, EMT does not seem to play a significant role in the development of early allograft fibrosis.
An auto-continuous positive airway pressure device controlled exclusively by the forced oscillation technique
Authors: JH Ficker, FS Fuchs, GH Wiest, G Asshoff, AH Schmelzer, EG Hahn
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

The forced oscillation technique (FOT) has been demonstrated to be a very sensitive tool for the assessment of upper airway obstruction during nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a novel auto-CPAP device based exclusively on the FOT. Following manual CPAP titration, 18 patients with OSA (mean apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) 48.0+/-28.1) were allocated to conventional CPAP and auto-CPAP treatment under polysomnographic control in randomized order. The patients were asked to assess their subjective daytime sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The mean AHI during auto-CPAP treatment was 3.4+/-3.4 and was comparable with that obtained during conventional CPAP treatment (4.2+/-3.6). The analysis of sleep architecture, the arousal index (6.6+/-2.1 versus 7.3+/-4.4) or the ESS (5.6+/-1.8 versus 7.3+/-4.4) did not reveal any significant differences. However, the mean CPAP pressure during auto-CPAP treatment (0.84+/-0.26 kPa) and in particular the pressure applied in the lateral body position (0.74+/-0.35 kPa), was significantly lower than that employed in conventional CPAP treatment (0.93+/-0.16 kPa, both comparisons: p&lt;0.05). The auto-continuous positive airway pressure device proved equally as effective as conventional continuous positive airway pressure. However, the mean treatment pressure was significantly reduced, especially when patients were sleeping in the lateral position.