tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1950: LHRH Peptide decorated cross-linked micelles for the targeted drug delivery to breast cancer
Authors: KAI XIAO, Kit Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have recently developed a series of micellar nanoparticles (NPs) based on linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dendritic cholic acids (CA) block copolymer (telodendrimer), for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancers. The tumor targeting specificity and efficiency of drug-loaded NPs might be further improved by the decoration of cancer cell surface targeting ligands. LHRH (Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone), a natural hormone peptide, is able to bind specifically to the LHRH receptor, which has been reported to be over-expressed in more than 50% breast cancer patients. In the present study, we incorporated the passive targeting of our micellar NPs and the active targeting of LHRH peptide into a single platform with an attempt to further improve the therapeutic index of NPs delivered drugs in the treatment of breast cancer. We synthesized the LHRH peptide on the tentagel resin bead via the solid-phase peptide synthesis method, and demonstrated that human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 were able to bind strongly with LHRH peptide beads. Besides breast cancer cell lines, immunohistochemistry staining further demonstrated LHRH peptide was able to specifically bind to human breast tumor tissue as well as transgenic murine mammary carcinoma tissue, but not to normal breast tissue. Alkyne-containing LHRH peptides were successfully conjugated to the azide group at the distal PEG terminus of PEG5k-Cys4-L8-CA8 telodendrimer (cross-linked micelle forming unit) via the “click chemistry”. LHRH peptide ligand significantly enhanced the intracellular delivery of cross-linked micelles in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells. In addition, the enhanced uptake of LHRH-targeted micelles in those cells can be inhibited by the addition of access of LHRH antibody, indicating the LHRH receptor-medicated internalization. The co-localization of internalized FITC-labeled LHRH-micelles with lysosomal compartment in human breast cancer cells were also observed, suggesting that the endocytosis pathway is likely to be involved in the internalization process. Furthermore, when loaded with paclitaxel (PTX), LHRH-micelles had significantly higher in vitro cellular toxicities against breast cancer cells as compared with the non-targeted micelles. The in vivo biodistribution, tumor targeting specificity and therapeutic efficacies of LHRH targeted micelles in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model are currently under investigation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1950. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1950
Taming type-2 tigers: A nonmonotonic strategy
Authors: István S. N. Berkeley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Clark &amp; Thornton are too hasty in their dismissal of uninformed learning; nonmonotonic processing units show considerable promise on type-2 tasks. I describe a simulation which succeeds on a “pure” type-2 problem. Another simulation challenges Clark &amp; Thornton's claims about the serendipitous nature of solutions to type-2 problems.
Artane in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Robert S. Schwab, William R. Tillmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

THIS report is a clinical evaluation of a recently synthesized drug called Artane‡ in 44 cases of Parkinson's disease. Artane is a piperidyl with the formula shown in Figure 1, on which also are written the structural formulas of Benadryl and Parpanit for comparison. These three chemicals are not similar in structure to either atropine or scopolamine.The details of the chemical behavior and the pharmacologic and physiologic effects of the drug in animals are available in the reports of the manufacturer and will be published shortly. It is safe to use, has no serious side effects, is promptly eliminated and . . .
HISTORY OF A CASE OF NEPHRORAPHY, WITH REMARKS.
Authors: L. H. Dunning
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Mrs. G. H., aged 44 years; American; of large build and strong; previous to the present illness had been robust. About seven years ago she lifted hard upon an iron kettle and felt something give away in the right side. She was ill for some time after this strain, and attributed her illness to some injury done to an internal organ. Commencing six years ago, she was for three years confined to the bed the greater part of the time. Of the nature of her disease, at the commencement, I am unable to say, since she was seen by many physicians, no two of whom agreed in the diagnosis of her case. Four and one-half years ago she came under my observation and treatment. Then there were ascites and anasarca, and pain in the pelvic region. The urine was slightly albuminous. I thought her a subject of chronic Bright's disease,
Excimer laser coronary angioplasty of saphenous vein grafts
Authors: William Untereker, Gary Roubin, James Margolis, Geoffrey Hartzler, John Bresnahan, Donald Rothbaum, Spencer King, Michael Cowley, Frank Cummins, Ronald White, Kenton Gregory, Kenneth Kent, William Spencer, Richard Haskell, Frank Vawter, Elizabeth Hart, Frank Litvack
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Differences in Prognostic Factors and Outcomes Between Women and Men Undergoing Coronary Artery Stenting
Authors: Julinda Mehilli
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Context Women with coronary artery disease (CAD) are believed to have a higher risk for adverse outcomes than men after conventional coronary interventions.The increasing use of coronary stenting has improved the outcome of patients undergoing coronary interventions, but little is known about the nature of outcomes in men vs women after this procedure.Objective To examine whether there are sex-based differences in prognostic factors and in early and late outcomes among CAD patients undergoing coronary stent placement.Design, Setting, and Patients Inception cohort study, at 2 tertiary referral institutions in Germany.Consecutive series of 1001 women and 3263 men with symptomatic CAD who were treated with stenting between May 1992 and December 1998.Patients who underwent stenting in the setting of acute myocardial infarction were excluded.Main Outcome Measure The combined event rates of death and nonfatal myocardial infarction, assessed at 30 days and 1 year after stenting and compared by sex. ResultsCompared with men, women undergoing coronary stenting were significantly older (mean age, 69 vs 63 years) and more likely to present with diabetes, arterial hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia. Women had less extensive CAD, a less frequent history of myocardial infarction and better preserved left ventricular function than men.Women presented an excess risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction only during the early period after stenting: the 30-day combined event rate of death or myocardial infarction was 3.1% in women and 1.8% in men (P= .02)and the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for women was 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-3.19).At 1 year, the outcome was similar for both women and men (combined event rate for women, 6.0%, and for men, 5.8% (P= .77);multivariateadjusted HR for women, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.75-1.48]).There was a sex difference in the prognostic value of baseline characteristics: the strongest prognostic factors were diabetes in women and age in men. ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that 1-year outcomes of women with CAD undergoing coronary artery stenting are similar to those of men.Despite the similarity in outcomes, there are several sex-specific differences in baseline characteristics, clinical course after the intervention, and relative weight of prognostic factors.
Pulmonary Surface Activity in Induced Pulmonary Edema*
Authors: Sami I. Said, Mary Ellen Avery, Ronald K. Davis, Chandra M. Banerjee, M. El-Gohary
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

Induction of acute pulmonary edema in anes- thetized dogs causes a large fall in compliance.out of proportion to lung volume (1), and a sharp increase in venous admixture that can be reversed by forcible inflation of the lungs (2).This pat- tern of abnormal function suggested alveolar clo- sure (1, 2).Since alveolar stability depends in large measure on the presence of normal pulmonary surface properties (3), altered surface forces were con- siclered as an underlying mechanism.Cook and co-workers (1) reasoned that the decrease in al- v'eolar diameter, resulting from the accumulation of intra-alveolar fluid, would account for an in- crease in total surface forces.We examined the possibility that pulmonary edema alters alveolar surface tension properties, in this way contributing to alveolar instability and to the failure of respira- tory function.It can 1)e shown that for alveoli, as
Drug points: Alveolitis and haemolytic anaemia induced by azapropazone
Authors: A R Morton, A E Craig, S Waldek, A M Holmes, R D Montgomery, R G Babb, C R Swinburn
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The report by Dr M K Albazzaz and others (13 December, p 1537) sheds light on a recent case of a 38 year old man with ankylosing spondylitis admitted to the renal unit in oligoanuric renal failure (creatinine 800 [tmol/l).He had been taking azapro- pazone 600 mg daily for the previous 12 months.Ultrasound examination showed normal sized kid- neys, and a renal biopsy showed only areas of focal interstitial fibrosis.The azapropazone was withdrawn and after dietary management his renal function recovered to a creatinine clearance of 30 ml/min.Acute renal failure has been reported in patients who developed acute pyelonephritis while taking non- steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (including azapro- pazone),I and the interactions between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the kidneys have been reviewed.2The mechanism of our patient's mild chronic renal impairment was presumably drug in- duced interstitial fibrosis,3 but in view of the above report and the lack of evidence of glomerular or tubular damage on renal biopsy the pathogenesis of his acute episode is likely to have been allergic.Extreme care is needed in evaluating the risk-benefit ratio when prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.1 Atkinson LK, Goodship THJ, Ward MK.Acute renal failure associated with acute pyelonephritis and consumption of non- steroidal anti-inflamnatory drugs.
Corticosteroids and Croup
Authors: Alvin N. Eden
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The value of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute croup remains in doubt. Support for their use comes primarily from the otolaryngology literature. Martensson, et al,<sup>1</sup>Novik,<sup>2</sup>and Davison<sup>3</sup>maintain that the course of the illness is shortened by the antiinflammatory effect of steroid therapy. Morse<sup>4</sup>stated that this form of treatment has reduced the incidence of tracheostomy. Leegaard<sup>5</sup>does not agree with this concept. In a recent study, Eden and Larkin<sup>6</sup>could not demonstrate any difference between the control and corticosteroidtreated groups. In a further attempt to help resolve this question, a controlled, double-blind study was carried out on 50 hospital patients with acute croup. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Fifty consecutive patients admitted to the hospital with acute croup were included in this study. Children presenting with acute respiratory infections characterized by barking cough, hoarseness,sternal retractions, and respiratory stridor were included. One of
Patient’s Sister, Seeking Job
Authors: Brigitte Aimee Zimmerman
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improving outcomes of biliary atresia: French national series 1986–2009
Authors: Christophe Chardot, Chantal Buet, Marie-Odile Serinet, Jean-Louis Golmard, Alain Lachaux, Bertrand Roquelaure, Frédéric Gottrand, Pierre Broué, Alain Dabadie, Frédéric Gauthier, Emmanuel Jacquemin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS OF LEFT ATRIAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION DEFINED BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE FEATURE TRACKING: THE CTRIP STUDY
Authors: Theingi Tiffany Win, Bharath A. Venkatesh, Gustavo J. Volpe, Nathan Mewton, Patricia Rizzi, Ravi Sharma, David G. Strauss, Joao Lima, Larisa Tereshchenko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Squamous metaplasia amplifies pathologic epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in COPD patients
Authors: Jun Araya, Stephanie Cambier, Jennifer A. Markovics, Paul Wolters, David Jablons, Arthur Hill, Walter Finkbeiner, Kirk Jones, V. Courtney Broaddus, Dean Sheppard, Andrea Barzcak, Yuanyuan Xiao, David J. Erle, Stephen L. Nishimura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Squamous metaplasia (SM) is common in smokers and is associated with airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A major mechanism of airway obstruction in COPD is thickening of the small airway walls. We asked whether SM actively contributes to airway wall thickening through alteration of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in COPD. Using immunohistochemical staining, airway morphometry, and fibroblast culture of lung samples from COPD patients; genome-wide analysis of an in vitro model of SM; and in vitro modeling of human airway epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, we provide evidence that SM, through the increased secretion of IL-1beta, induces a fibrotic response in adjacent airway fibroblasts. We identify a pivotal role for integrin-mediated TGF-beta activation in amplifying SM and driving IL-1beta-dependent profibrotic mesenchymal responses. Finally, we show that SM correlates with increased severity of COPD and that fibroblast expression of the integrin alpha(v)beta(8), which is the major mediator of airway fibroblast TGF-beta activation, correlated with disease severity and small airway wall thickening in COPD. Our findings have identified TGF-beta as a potential therapeutic target for COPD.
Quality of care for patients with peripheral vascular disease during acute coronary syndromes: Insights from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)
Authors: James B. Froehlich, Debabrata Mukherjee, Alvaro Avezum, Andrzej Budaj, Eva M. Kline-Rogers, Jose Lopez-Sendon, Jeanna Johnson, Kim A. Eagle, Rajendra H. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Blood pressure targets for type 2 diabetes should be lower, say researchers
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Recent changes to guidelines on lowering blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes should be reconsidered to reinstate the lower target level, researchers have said in JAMA after carrying out a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.1

They concluded that people with diabetes who reached a systolic blood pressure below 130 mm Hg had a 25% lower risk of stroke than those with higher blood pressure levels and also had a lower risk of retinopathy and albuminuria.

Until recently most guidelines recommended that people with type 2 diabetes should have …
Nitromusk and Polycyclic Musk Compounds as Long-Term Inhibitors of Cellular Xenobiotic Defense Systems Mediated by Multidrug Transporters
Authors: Till Luckenbach, David Epel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Synthetic musk compounds, widely used as fragrances in consumer products, have been detected in human tissue and, surprisingly, in aquatic organisms such as fish and mollusks. Although their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate are of concern, the toxicity and environmental risks of these chemicals are generally regarded as low. Here, however, we show that nitromusks and polycyclic musks inhibit the activity of multidrug efflux transporters responsible for multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) in gills of the marine mussel Mytilus californianus. The IC(subscript)10(/subscript) (concentration that inhibits 10%) values for the different classes of musks were in the range of 0.09-0.39 microM, and IC(subscript)50(/subscript) values were 0.74-2.56 microM. The immediate consequence of inhibition of efflux transporters is that normally excluded xenobiotics will now be able to enter the cell. Remarkably, the inhibitory effects of a brief 2-hr exposure to musks were only partially reversed after a 24- to 48-hr recovery period in clean seawater. This unexpected consequence of synthetic musks--a long-term loss of efflux transport activity--will result in continued accumulation of normally excluded toxicants even after direct exposure to the musk has ended. These findings also point to the need to determine whether other environmental chemicals have similar long-term effects on these transporters. The results are relevant to human health because they raise the possibility that exposure to common xenobiotics and pharmaceuticals could cause similar long-term inhibition of these transporters and lead to increased exposure to normally excluded toxicants.
Heart rate and arterial blood pressure during exercise in patients with angina pectoris. Effects of training and of nitroglycerin.
Authors: J P Clausen, J Trap-Jensen
Journal: Circulation (1976)

In 29 patients with typical exertional angina pectoris, intra-arterial systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and the rate-pressure product (RPP = HR X SBP X 10(-2) were continuously recorded during repeated bouts of leg or arm exercise. Development of chest pain was independent of the workload and occurred at a fairly constant value of RPP, of HR, and of SBP in each patient for a given type of exercise, but the pain threshold values for all three variables were consistently higher during arm exercise than during leg exercise. The reproducibility of the pain threshold values was assessed for leg exercise. The variation, based on individual coefficients of variation, ranged from 1.3% to 13% (group mean, about 6%). There was no significant difference between the SBP values obtained by the traditional, noninvasive cuff technique and the values during intra-arterial monitoring. In 25 patients a physical training program of an average of three months increased the maximal amount of work (watt X sec) performed before onset of pain by 100%. The most conspicuous effect of training on cardiac function was a 10% reduction of HR at a given workload, SBP being unchanged. Over-all, the data suggest that the increased exercise capacity caused by training could be accounted for by the reduction in the relation between RPP and external workload. The improvement in exercise capacity resulting from training was on the same level of magnitude as the 90% increase obtained in 11 untrained patients after administration of 0.25 to 0.50 mg of nitroglycerine sublingually prior to exercise. In contrast to the finding after training, nitroglycerin administered to subjects increased HR by 10%, but reduced SBP by 13%, RPP remaining unchanged. Therefore to explain the effect of nitroglycerin on exercise capacity additional economizing changes in myocardial performance (e.g., reduction of heart volume) are required.
Abdominal fat distribution in pre- and postmenopausal women: The impact of physical activity, age, and menopausal status
Authors: J.A. Kanaley, C. Sames, L. Swisher, A.G. Swick, L.L. Ploutz-Snyder, C.M. Steppan, K.S. Sagendorf, D. Feiglin, E.B. Jaynes, R.A. Meyer, R.S. Weinstock
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Use of Timolol
Authors: Richard P. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journalis to be congratulated for publication of the article on timolol maleate (241:2301, 1979). At the Wills Eye Hospital, we have had considerable experience in the investigational and clinical use of timolol. We believe a few comments should be added to Dr Kosman's review. Timolol is effective in lowering intraocular pressure in patients with a variety of types of glaucoma, as well as in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.<sup>1</sup>Its use, then, need not be limited to patients with primary open angle glaucoma. In a significant number of patients, the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of timolol is greater immediately after instituting use of the medication.<sup>2</sup>Valid conclusion regarding the long-term effect on intraocular pressure is best deferred until the patient has been receiving the medication approximately one month. When considering the effect of timolol in such a time frame, it will be noted
Diverse cutaneous side effects associated with BRAF inhibitor therapy: A clinicopathologic study
Authors: Emily Y. Chu, Karolyn A. Wanat, Christopher J. Miller, Ravi K. Amaravadi, Leslie A. Fecher, Marcia S. Brose, Suzanne McGettigan, Lydia R. Giles, Lynn M. Schuchter, John T. Seykora, Misha Rosenbach
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Reduced Specificity of 5-ALA Induced Fluorescence in Photodynamic Diagnosis of Transitional Cell Carcinoma after Previous Intravesical Therapy
Authors: M.C.M. Grimbergen, C.F.P. van Swol, T.G.N. Jonges, T.A. Boon, R.J.A. van Moorselaar
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Kinetics of hepatitis B surface antigen-specific immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis B or After HBs vaccination: Stimulation of the<i>in vitro</i>antibody response by interferon gamma
Authors: Wulf Otto Böcher, Sabine Herzog-Hauff, Jörg Schlaak, Karl-Hermann Meyer zum Büschenfelde, Hanns Friedrich Löhr
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Because cellular and humoral immune responses against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBs) might be crucial to overcome HBV infection, HBs–specific B– and T–cell responses of HBV patients and HBs vaccine recipients were analyzed quantitatively and functionally. In patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB), transient high anti–HBs-secreting B–cell frequencies were observed early after clinical onset, whereas 1 patient who probably developed chronic infection and chronic HBV carriers had absent or weak B– and T–cell responses. In HBs vaccine recipients, maximal HBs–specific B– and T–cell responses were detected after the first injection that decreased gradually before anti–HBs antibodies appeared in serum. Years after vaccination, anti–HBs-secreting B cells were enriched in the bone marrow. After in vitro stimulation with HBsAg, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of only 1 of 5 acute and 1 of 6 chronic HBV patients, but of all 6 vaccine recipients, secreted varying amounts of interferon gamma (IFN–γ), but no interleukin–4 (IL–4) or IL–5. Furthermore, the addition of IFN–γ, but not of IL–2, –4, –12, or IFN–α, resulted in strong increases of anti–HBs-secreting B cells in vaccine recipients and chronic carriers. In conclusion, circulating anti–HBs-secreting B cells were significantly higher in early acute hepatitis B or early after HBs vaccination than in chronic hepatitis B and decreased in the follow–up as a result of compartmentalization to lymphoid tissues. Release of IFN–γ by antigen–stimulated T cells might be critical for anti–HBs formation.