tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Solid Predominant Histologic Subtype in Resected Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma Is an Independent Predictor of Early, Extrathoracic, Multisite Recurrence and of Poor Postrecurrence Survival
Authors: Hideki Ujiie, Kyuichi Kadota, Jamie E. Chaft, Daniel Buitrago, Camelia S. Sima, Ming-Ching Lee, James Huang, William D. Travis, Nabil P. Rizk, Charles M. Rudin, David R. Jones, Prasad S. Adusumilli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

To examine the significance of the proposed International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society (IASLC/ATS/ERS) histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma for patterns of recurrence and, among patients who recur following resection of stage I lung adenocarcinoma, for postrecurrence survival (PRS).We reviewed patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma who had undergone complete surgical resection from 1999 to 2009 (N = 1,120). Tumors were subtyped by using the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification. The effects of the dominant subtype on recurrence and, among patients who recurred, on PRS were investigated.Of 1,120 patients identified, 188 had recurrent disease, 103 of whom died as a result of lung cancer. Among patients who recurred, 2-year PRS was 45%, and median PRS was 26.1 months. Compared with patients with nonsolid tumors, patients with solid predominant tumors had earlier (P = .007), more extrathoracic (P < .001), and more multisite (P = .011) recurrences. Multivariable analysis of primary tumor factors revealed that, among patients who recurred, solid predominant histologic pattern in the primary tumor (hazard ratio [HR], 1.76; P = .016), age older than 65 years (HR, 1.63; P = .01), and sublobar resection (HR, 1.6; P = .01) were significantly associated with worse PRS. Presence of extrathoracic metastasis (HR, 1.76; P = .013) and age older than 65 years at the time of recurrence (HR, 1.7; P = .014) were also significantly associated with worse PRS.In patients with stage I primary lung adenocarcinoma, solid predominant subtype is an independent predictor of early recurrence and, among those patients who recur, of worse PRS. Our findings provide a rationale for investigating adjuvant therapy and identify novel therapeutic targets for patients with solid predominant lung adenocarcinoma.
Intramucosal adenocarcinoma arising under squamous re-epithelialisation of Barrett's oesophagus
Authors: J L Van Laethem
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Eradication of Barrett9s mucosa by thermal or photoablation combined with high doses of proton pump inhibitors is a potentially attractive strategy in the management of this preneoplastic condition. However, major concerns of this method are the persistence of residual metaplastic glands beneath the new squamous epithelium and the absence of any knowledge of its impact on long term outcome. <h3>CASE REPORT</h3> The case of an intramucosal adenocarcinoma diagnosed 18 months after apparently complete squamous re-epithelialisation achieved using argon plasma coagulation and high dose omeprazole (40 mg/daily) is reported in a 68 year old patient presenting initially with a Barrett9s oesophagus without dysplasia. Intramucosal adenocarcinoma was located under the new squamous layer and presented as a bulging area covered by the squamous epithelium. It probably originates from residual metaplastic glands after therapy although a pre-existing tumour cannot be definitely excluded. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> This observation might question future application of this experimental endotherapy in non-dysplastic Barrett9s oesophagus. It suggests that the residual glands might still be premalignant and that the early diagnosis of neoplastic changes might be compromised by the squamous re-epithelialisation.
Radiologic Ablation of the Gallbladder: An Alternative to Cholecystectomy in the Twenty–First Century
Authors: E. C. Martin
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Twenty pigs underwent (a) cystic duct occlusion by means of fluoroscopically guided transcatheter endoluminal bipolar radio–frequency (RF) electrocoagulation and (b) gallbladder sclerotherapy with one of two different regimens of ethanol and sodium tetradecylsulfate (STS). Serum ethanol levels and hepatic enzyme tests showed no acute toxicity. Postmortem histologic studies showed that the bile ducts beyond the occlusion site remained entirely unaffected in all animals. In three of four animals followed up for 2 weeks, the sclerosants induced necrosis of the gallbladder mucosa, but the adjacent liver, serosa, and blood vessels remained intact. In 13 of 16 animals followed up for 8 weeks, the gallbladder lumen was obliterated by fibrous scar tissue. In the animals treated with 95% ethanol and 3% STS, the gallbladder mucosa was necrotic in all areas after 2 weeks (two of two animals) and eradicated completely after 8 weeks (six of eight animals); the other regimen (70% ethanol plus 1% STS) was somewhat less effective. In this study, the combination of RF–mediated cystic duct occlusion and gallbladder sclerotherapy with ethanol and STS permitted gallbladder ablation in swine without toxic side effects.
Peg-IFNα/ribavirin/protease inhibitor combination in hepatitis C virus associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis: results at week 24
Authors: David Saadoun, M Resche Rigon, V Thibault, M Longuet, S Pol, F Blanc, G Pialoux, A Karras, D Bazin-Karra, C Cazorla, D Vittecoq, L Musset, O Decaux, J M Ziza, O Lambotte, Patrice Cacoub
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The standard-of-care treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) vasculitis includes pegylated interferon α (PegIFN)-α plus ribavirin and/or rituximab. About 30-40% of patients are non-responders or relapsers to such combination.To analyse the safety and efficacy of Peg-IFNα/ribavirin/protease inhibitor combination in HCV-MC vasculitis.Open-label, prospective, cohort study including 23 patients with HCV-MC vasculitis. Peg-IFNα/ribavirin was associated to telaprevir (375 mg three times daily, for 12 weeks, (n=15)) or boceprevir (800 mg three times daily, for 44 weeks, (n=8)) for 48 weeks.The median age was 59 (52.5-66) years, with 48.8% women. Thirteen patients (56.5%) were complete clinical responders, and 10 (43.5%) were partial responders at week 24. The virological response (ie, HCV RNA negativation) was of 69.6% at week 24 (p=0.005). The cryoglobulin level decreased from 0.44 to 0.06 g/l (p=0.0006) and the C4 level increased from 0.09 to 0.15 g/l (p=0.045). Grades 3 and 4 adverse events (mainly anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) were observed in 10 cases (43.5%). Twenty patients (87%) received erythropoietin, 9 (39.1%) had red cell transfusion, and 2 (8.7%) had granulocyte stimulating agents. Antiviral therapy discontinuation was required in 8 (34.7%) patients for virological non-response (n=5), virological relapse (n=2) and depression (n=1).Peg-IFNα/ribavirin/protease inhibitor combination seems highly effective in HCV-MC. Such therapeutic regimen should be administered cautiously considering the high rate of side effects.
The Care of Rheumatic Children
Authors: Herbert Barrie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

It seems likely that many of the soft tis! described, such as joint effusions, enlarged ly rheumatoid nodules, and oedema of the soft be evident clinically, so that their demon radiological means may not give additional or help with the management of the patient. is left wondering about the practical importai of the changes described.However, there is n( the radiology of the soft tissues has been nel this book may well do something to ove deficiency.
DUSP1 Expression Induced by HDAC1 Inhibition Mediates Gefitinib Sensitivity in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: Yun-Chieh Lin, Yu-Chin Lin, Jin-Yuan Shih, Wei-Jan Huang, Shi-Wei Chao, Yih-Leong Chang, Ching-Chow Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Patients with NSCLC with EGFR-activating mutation benefit greatly by gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, acquired resistance limits its clinical use. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are oncoproteins associated with cancer progression and drug resistance. Here, we disclosed that inhibition of HDAC1 induced protein phosphatase DUSP1 upregulation to overcome gefitinib-acquired resistance.The effect of HDAC1 inhibition restored gefitinib sensitivity was assessed by in vitro MTT and apoptotic assays, and in vivo xenograft and orthotopic lung cancer mouse models. Protein phosphatase array was used to detect DUSP1 expression. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative PCR were used to analyze DUSP1 expression in clinical NSCLC specimens.Gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells showed HDAC1 overexpression, and its knockdown sensitized resistant cells to gefitinib in vitro and in preclinical models through DUSP1 expression. Overexpression of DUSP1 in resistant cells restored gefitinib sensitivity by inhibiting EGFR signaling and inducing apoptosis, whereas its knockdown in sensitive cells conferred gefitinib resistance. A novel HDAC inhibitor, WJ-26210-2, in combination with gefitinib upregulated DUSP1 expression to exert in vitro and in vivo synergistic effect on inactivation of EGFR signaling, growth inhibition, and apoptosis. Clinically, high DUSP1 level was correlated with delayed emergence of gefitinib-acquired resistance.Decreased DUSP1 might be a mechanism responsible for gefitinib resistance, and DUSP1 might be a biomarker for gefitinib efficacy. HDAC1 inhibition-induced DUSP1 upregulation could be a promising strategy to overcome gefitinib-acquired resistance. Clin Cancer Res; 21(2); 428-38. ©2015 AACR.
Monitoring of Monocyte Recruitment in Reperfused Myocardial Infarction With Intramyocardial Hemorrhage and Microvascular Obstruction by Combined Fluorine 19 and Proton Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Yu-Xiang Ye, Thomas C. Basse-Lüsebrink, Paula-Anahi Arias-Loza, Vladimir Kocoski, Thomas Kampf, Qiang Gan, Elisabeth Bauer, Stefanie Sparka, Xavier Helluy, Kai Hu, Karl-Heinz Hiller, Valerie Boivin-Jahns, Peter M. Jakob, Roland Jahns, Wolfgang R. Bauer
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Monocytes and macrophages are indispensable in the healing process after myocardial infarction (MI); however, the spatiotemporal distribution of monocyte infiltration and its correlation to prognostic indicators of reperfused MI have not been well described.With combined fluorine 19/proton ((1)H) magnetic resonance imaging, we noninvasively visualized the spatiotemporal recruitment of monocytes in vivo in a rat model of reperfused MI. Blood monocytes were labeled by intravenous injection of (19)F-perfluorocarbon emulsion 1 day after MI. The distribution patterns of monocyte infiltration were correlated to the presence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and intramyocardial hemorrhage. In vivo, (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging performed in series revealed that monocyte infiltration was spatially inhomogeneous in reperfused MI areas. In the absence of MVO, monocyte infiltration was more intense in MI regions with serious ischemia-reperfusion injuries, indicated by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage; however, monocyte recruitment was significantly impaired in MVO areas accompanied by severe intramyocardial hemorrhage. Compared with MI with isolated intramyocardial hemorrhage, MI with MVO resulted in significantly worse pump function of the left ventricle 28 days after MI.Monocyte recruitment was inhomogeneous in reperfused MI tissue. It was highly reduced in MVO areas defined by magnetic resonance imaging. The impaired monocyte infiltration in MVO regions could be related to delayed healing and worse functional outcomes in the long term. Therefore, monocyte recruitment in MI with MVO could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target that could be monitored noninvasively and longitudinally by (19)F/(1)H magnetic resonance imaging in vivo.
MR diffusion tensor and perfusion-weighted imaging in preoperative grading of supratentorial nonenhancing gliomas
Authors: X. Liu, W. Tian, B. Kolar, G. A. Yeaney, X. Qiu, M. D. Johnson, S. Ekholm
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

We evaluate the value of MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast material-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) in preoperative grading of supratentorial nonenhancing gliomas. This institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study involved 52 patients: 37 with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and 15 with high-grade gliomas (HGGs). The mean trace apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), minimal ADC, mean fractional anisotropy (FA), maximal FA, and maximal relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) ratio of the lesions were measured and compared between LGG and HGG. The efficacy of the above parameters in grading supratentorial nonenhancing gliomas was evaluated. There was no significant difference in rCBV ratio, minimal ADC, and mean ADC between LGG and HGG (p > 0.05). The mean and maximal FA values of LGG were significantly lower than the values of HGG (p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the mean FA with a cutoff value of 0.129 and the maximal FA with a cutoff value of 0.219 could differentiate between LGG and HGG with specificity of 69.2% and 76.9%, respectively, and sensitivity of 93.3% and 100.0%, respectively. The combination of mean FA and maximal FA based on the linear discriminant analysis improved the diagnostic accuracy with specificity of 92.3% and sensitivity of 86.7%. These findings were better than maximal rCBV ratio, mean ADC, and minimum ADC. The mean FA and maximal FA, used individually or combined, may be useful in preoperative grading of supratentorial nonenhancing gliomas.
MRI in assessment of lung cancer
Authors: B. Hochhegger, E. Marchiori, K. Irion, J. Moreira, G. Zanetti
Journal: Thorax (2011)

MRI in assessment of lung cancerWe congratulate Fischer et al for their significant and well-written article, published in this issue of Thorax. 1 The report covers important topics in the imaging of lung cancer staging.The authors report that positron emission tomography (PET)-CT improves discrimination in metastatic disease.They also demonstrated that patients with enlarged lymph nodes on CT require confirmation independent of PET findings, and that a positive PET-CT finding requires confirmation before making a decision about surgery.We would, however, like to discuss and highlight an alternative technique with benefits for lung cancer staging.Recent advancements in MRI systems (such as improved pulse sequences, utilisation of contrast media and new techniques such as diffusion) have made MRI an increasingly important tool for lung cancer staging.Reports have indicated the ability of MRI to reveal mediastinal tumour invasion and to help identify hilar and mediastinal nodal metastases.2e4 A series of 115 consecutive non-small cell lung carcinoma patients prospectively underwent CT, MRI and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, as well as surgical and pathological examinations.The study reported that the quantitative sensitivity (90.1%) and accuracy (92.2%) of MRI were significantly higher than the quantitative and qualitative sensitivities (76.7% and 74.4%) and accuracies (83.5% and 82.6%) of co-registered FDG-PET/CT on a per patient basis (p<0.05). 4he cost of imaging studies is an important consideration.The nature and complexity of the imaging system and the requirement for continuous production of radiopharmaceutical products makes PET/ CT intrinsically more expensive than other imaging methods.The characteristics of MRI make it a safer modality than PET/CT.Unlike the ionising radiation used in CT, the powerful magnetic field and radiofrequency energy of MRI have not been shown to cause cancer or fetal abnormalities.It is important to note that although x-rays are known to cause cancer, the exact risk of developing cancer from CT scans or repeated CT examinations is unknown. 5We hope that this short comment may encourage investigators to use and study MRI as a new method that offers considerable benefits for lung cancer staging.
Multi-colony stimulating activity of interleukin 5 (IL-5) on hematopoietic progenitors from transgenic mice that express IL-5 receptor alpha subunit constitutively.
Authors: M Takagi, T Hara, M Ichihara, K Takatsu, A Miyajima
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

The interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-5, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptors consist of a cytokine-specific alpha subunit and the common beta subunit. Whereas IL-3 stimulates various lineages of hematopoietic cells, including multipotential progenitors, IL-5 acts mainly as an eosinophil lineage-specific factor. To investigate whether the lineage specificity of IL-5 is due to restricted expression of the IL-5 receptor alpha subunit (IL-5R alpha), we generated transgenic mice that express the mouse IL-5R alpha constitutively by phosphoglycerate kinase promoter. The transgenic mouse expressed IL-5R alpha ubiquitously, and the bone marrow cells formed various types of colonies, including multi-lineage colonies, in response to IL-5. IL-5 also supported formation of both multi-lineage and blast cell colonies from dormant progenitors of the 5-fluorouracil-treated transgenic mice. The cells composing the blast cell colony gave rise to many colonies including multi-lineage colonies when they were replated in secondary culture containing either Il-5 or IL-3. There was no significant difference in replating efficiency or in types of secondary colonies between IL-5- and IL-3-stimulated cultures. Conversely, the cells from the IL-3-induced blast cell colonies of the transgenic mice proliferated in response to either IL-3 or IL-5. Thus, the development of the progenitors can be equally supported by either IL-5 or IL-3, suggesting that intracellular signals from the IL-3R can be replaced by those from IL-5. These results strongly suggest that the lineage specificity of IL-5 is mainly due to the restricted expression of IL-5R alpha.
History of preeclampsia and pregnancy induced hypertension among women later diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Bryndis Benedikstdottir, Thorarinn Gislason, Erna Sif Arnardottir
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction It is estimated that 10% of pregnancies are affected by hypertension worldwide and one-half of all are due to preeclampsia. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of reported preeclampsia / hypertension among women who were later diagnosed with OSA.

Material and methods The OSA women (n=156) newly diagnosed with moderate or severe OSA mean (SD) AHI 42.6 (20, 0), mean ODI 32, 0 (20,0). They all answered a questionnaire including questions about sleep, symptoms of OSA and if they had been diagnosed with preeclampsia (PE) or pregnancy induced hypertension (HT).

Results Among the 156 OSA women 146 had been pregnant and 31% reported that they had during pregnancy been diagnosed with PE and 37% HT. When the OSA women reporting preeclampsia were compared to OSA women not reporting PE, they were more likely to be more obese BMI 35,6 m², (6,3) vs. 32,5 m², (5,3), p=0,002), younger (mean age 56,1 vs. 59.6 years, p=0,01), and current smokers (29% vs. 13%). In a multivariate logistic regression, they are also more likely to report nocturnal sweating and morning headaches after adjusting for significant demographic factors. No significant differences were found in OSA severity, insomnia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obstructive lung diseases, restless legs syndrome between OSA women reporting PE and those who did not.

Conclusion Among women OSA patients one third reported having had preeclampsia or hypertension during pregnancy which is three times more often than reported in the general population. These women were compared to other OSA women more obese, younger, more often smokers and reporteted night time sweatening and headache upon wakening more often.
Cholecystokinin in transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation due to gastric distension in humans.
Authors: J Boulant, S Mathieu, M D'Amato, A Abergel, M Dapoigny, G Bommelaer
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (TLOSRs) has been found to be the main mechanism of gastro-oesophageal reflux. In dogs, cholecystokinin (CCK) is involved in their occurrence. The aim was to evaluate the role of endogenous and exogenous CCK in the occurrence of TLOSRs induced by gastric distension at constant pressure in humans. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers were studied. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was monitored with a sleeve device and gastric distension was performed via an intragastric bag monitored by a barostat. During distensions, saline, CCK (30 ng/kg/h) or the CCK-A receptor antagonist loxiglumide (10 mg/kg/h) was perfused in a random double blind order. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the number of TLOSRs during the different distensions with saline; CCK increased the number of TLOSRs at a mean rate of 13.1 compared with 9.1 with saline (p &lt; 0.001). Loxiglumide significantly decreased the number of relaxations to 5.3 versus 8.3 under paired saline infusion (p &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In humans, CCK-A receptor subtype is involved in the occurrence of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations induced by gastric distension.
Modestly Elevated Glucose Levels During Pregnancy Are Associated With a Higher Risk of Future Diabetes Among Women Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Darcy B. Carr, Katherine M. Newton, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Jenny Tong, Fernando Gerchman, Steven E. Kahn, Susan R. Heckbert
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To determine whether 1-h oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) or 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results below gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) criteria are associated with developing diabetes.A retrospective cohort study was performed among women without GDM who had a pregnancy OGCT (n = 24,780) or OGTT (n = 6,222). Subsequent diabetes was ascertained by ICD-9 codes or pharmacy or laboratory data over a median follow-up of 8.8 years.Diabetes risk increased across OGCT quartiles: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.67 (95% CI 1.07-2.61) for 5.4-6.2 mmol/l, 2.13 (1.39-3.25) for 6.3-7.3 mmol/l, and 3.60 (2.41-5.39) for >or=7.4 mmol/l compared with <or=5.3 mmol/l. Women with one abnormal OGTT result had a higher risk compared with those with normal values (HR 2.08 [95% CI 1.35-3.20]).Women with modestly elevated glucose levels below the threshold for GDM had a higher risk for diabetes.
Mite-proof impermeable covers do not improve signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis
Authors: F Chua
Journal: Thorax (2003)

▴ Terreehorst I, Hak E, Oosting AJ, et al . Evaluation of impermeable covers for bedding in patients with allergic rhinitis. N Engl J Med2003;349:237–46[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] The importance of environmental allergen avoidance in allergic rhinitis is widely promoted although … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.aulast%253DTerreehorst%26rft.auinit1%253DI.%26rft.volume%253D349%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D237%26rft.epage%253D246%26rft.atitle%253DEvaluation%2Bof%2BImpermeable%2BCovers%2Bfor%2BBedding%2Bin%2BPatients%2Bwith%2BAllergic%2BRhinitis%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMoa023171%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12867607%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJMoa023171&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12867607&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F58%2F10%2F866.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000184165700007&link_type=ISI