tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5716: A study on the mechanism of the chemopreventive effect of different ratios of fish oil and corn oil in experimental colon carcinogenesis
Authors: Navneet Agnihotri, Pooja Sarotra, Gayatri Sharma, Shevali Kansal
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract AIM: The present study was designed to study the effect of different ratios of n-3 rich fish oil and n-6 rich corn oil in the prevention of colon cancer mediated through cell signaling and apoptosis. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups - Group-I and Group-II were fed synthetic diets and Group-III and Group-IV modified synthetic diets with 1:1 and 2.5:1 ratio of fish oil and corn oil for 4 weeks. All the groups except group-I (vehicle treated) received 4 injections of dimethyl hydrazine (DMH). The DMH injections were given after initiation on the synthetic diet for a week and subsequently received one injection per week. The animals were sacrificed 48 hrs after last injection. The last 10cm of the distal colon was used for histopathological study while the rest was used for isolation of colonocytes. The differential effect of the different ratios of oil on oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species’(ROS) generation by FACS analysis using dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) and p53 levels using monoclonal antibody was assessed. The apoptosis was evaluated by DNA fragmentation and by using M30 cytodeath antibody. To understand the role of mitochondria in apoptosis mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using JC-1. Akt levels were also measured using a monoclonal antibody in orderto understand its effect on p53 and apoptosis. Results: In the carcinogen administered animals as compared to the vehicle treated animals, there was- 1.mild to moderate inflammation 2. a decrease in ROS levels 3. a decrease in p53 4. an increase in apoptosis 5. an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential 6. an increase in Akt. Administration of fish oil and corn oil led to the following- 1. Fish oil feeding in the ratio 1:1 showed severe inflammation in the animals while feeding a higher ratio showed mild inflammation with normal mucosa. 2. a decrease in ROS levels with equal ratios as compared to the higher ratio of fish oil. 3. an increase in p53 levels with both the ratios 4. a decrease in apoptosis 5. a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential 6. a decrease in Akt in equal ratios but a significant increase in the higher ratios. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that administration of fish oil in the higher ratio has a beneficial role in colon cancer as shown by histopathological examination. Fish oil derived n-3 PUFA exerts chemopreventive effect mediated by interplay among oxidative stress, apoptosis and cell survival signals depending on the dosage. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5716.
Endothelial cell-driven regulation of CD9 or motility-related protein-1 expression in multiple myeloma cells within the murine 5T33MM model and myeloma patients
Authors: E De Bruyne, T L Andersen, H De Raeve, E Van Valckenborgh, J Caers, B Van Camp, J-M Delaissé, I Van Riet, K Vanderkerken
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Careers advice
Authors: Rhys H Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2007)

stent thrombosisAntiplatelets alone won't do the job Gershlick and Richardson say that premature discontinuation of clopidogrel is the greatest risk factor for thrombosis of drug eluting stents. 1 In Iakovou's series thrombosis occurred in five of 17 patients (29%) who prematurely discontinued dual antiplatelet therapy. 2 One of them discontinued only clopidogrel, and the others stopped both antiplatelets (aspirin and clopidogrel or ticlopidine).We do not know whether continuation of aspirin alone would have been adequate to prevent thrombosis associated with drug eluting stents.In only a minority of patients (five out of 29; 17%) did discontinuation of antiplatelets seem to have a role in the occurrence of stent thrombosis.The tragedy of drug eluting stents is not the risk of late stent thrombosis but the fact that these devices have only a limited effect on patients' wellbeing.In several randomised trials they did not lead to a lower mortality and did not affect the incidence of acute myocardial infarction. 3Recently presented meta-analyses and data from registries show that they might increase the occurrence of acute infarctions and even late mortality. 4 5
The Renal Effects of Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia and Atrial Pacing Tachycardia.
Authors: Michael J. Kinney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972The Renal Effects of Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia and Atrial Pacing Tachycardia.Michael J. Kinney, M.D., Stafford Cohen, M.D., Richard Stein, M.D., Sun Lau, M.D., Anthony Damato, M.D., Vincent DiScala, M.D.Michael J. Kinney, M.D., Stafford Cohen, M.D., Richard Stein, M.D., Sun Lau, M.D., Anthony Damato, M.D., Vincent DiScala, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-874_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTwo patients with the clinical syndrome of polyuria and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia underwent renal clearance studies during their diureses. One of them excreted 263 mEq Na+in 1833 ml of urine and the other (on a salt-restricted diet), 42 mEq Na+and 1357 ml. Both polyuric episodes were characterized by salureses with the formation of concentrated urine in one patient and dilute urine in the other. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow were relatively unchanged. The increased sodium excretion was caused by decreased renal tubular sodium reabsorption, probably at proximal tubular nephron sites. Reevaluation of earlier case reports... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Staten Island, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAtrial regulation of intravascular volume: Observations on the tachycardia-polyuria syndromeRole of Mineralocorticoids in the Natriuresis of Water Immersion in Man 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 874-875KeywordsDietExcretionGlomerular filtration rateNephronsParoxysmal atrial tachycardiaRenal circulationSodiumTachycardiaUrine Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Transposon-Mediated Expansion and Diversification of a Family of ULP-like Genes
Authors: Douglas R. Hoen, Kyong Cheul Park, Nabil Elrouby, Zhihui Yu, Nadia Mohabir, Rebecca K. Cowan, Thomas E. Bureau
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

Transposons comprise a major component of eukaryotic genomes, yet it remains controversial whether they are merely genetic parasites or instead significant contributors to organismal function and evolution. In plants, thousands of DNA transposons were recently shown to contain duplicated cellular gene fragments, a process termed transduplication. Although transduplication is a potentially rich source of novel coding sequences, virtually all appear to be pseudogenes in rice. Here we report the results of a genome-wide survey of transduplication in Mutator-like elements (MULEs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, which shows that the phenomenon is generally similar to rice transduplication, with one important exception: KAONASHI (KI). A family of more than 97 potentially functional genes and apparent pseudogenes, evidently derived at least 15 MYA from a cellular small ubiquitin-like modifier-specific protease gene, KI is predominantly located in potentially autonomous non-terminal inverted repeat MULEs and has evolved under purifying selection to maintain a conserved peptidase domain. Similar to the associated transposase gene but unlike cellular genes, KI is targeted by small RNAs and silenced in most tissues but has elevated expression in pollen. In an Arabidopsis double mutant deficient in histone and DNA methylation with elevated KI expression compared to wild type, at least one KI-MULE is mobile. The existence of KI demonstrates that transduplicated genes can retain protein-coding capacity and evolve novel functions. However, in this case, our evidence suggests that the function of KI may be selfish rather than cellular.
Metatarsal Neuroma-Reply
Authors: George E. Omer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I did not include Gauthier's article in which incision of the intermetatarsal ligament is considered adequate treatment of metatarsal neuroma. In the same journal, Lassman<sup>1</sup>described 133 patients and noted that "the only lasting relief from pain comes from resection of the affected interdigital nerve." Vainio<sup>2</sup>recorded metatarsalgia in 52 rheumatoid patients and recommended removal of the tumorlike formations to give "uniformly good results." Most surgeons incise the intermetatarsal ligament as a step in the excision of the nerve,<sup>3</sup>but few have consistent success with any technique. Gauthier recorded that he needed a "second look" in three patients, and six patients never obtained relief from pain. The poor results are more likely caused by pain syndromes than surgical techniques.
Canadian journal accepts need for major overhaul
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 is the critical determinant of viral tropism and infectivity. Genomes of global SARS-CoV-2 strains were analyzed, yielding 32 RBD mutant strains clustering into 10 mutation types under high positive selection pressure. Three mutation types circulating in Wuhan, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and France, displayed enhanced structural stability along with higher human ACE2 receptor affinity of the spike protein, indicating these mutants may have acquired increased infectivity to humans.
Age and A1C Are Important Clinical Predictors of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Efficacy in Type 1 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Giuseppe Lepore, Alessandro R. Dodesini, Italo Nosari, Roberto Trevisan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Only a few studies have reported a long-term follow-up in a significant number of patients using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (1). Who stands to benefit more from this costly insulin therapy is still unclear.

The aim of our observational, retrospective study was to evaluate the possible predictors of the degree of improvement of metabolic control with CSII in 82 consecutive type 1 diabetic patients (age 37.9 ± 13.4 years, 42 men and 40 women, duration of diabetes 19.7 ± 9.9 years) who started CSII in the Diabetes Unit of Bergamo Hospital between June 1999 and March 2004.

The patients had been treated with multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy (regular [ n = 22] or rapid-acting analog insulin [ n = 60] before meals plus NPH [ n = 72] or glargine [ n = 10] as basal insulin) for at least 1 year. During CSII treatment, lispro or aspart analogs were used.

All patients were evaluated …
Multimodal tumor imaging by iron oxides and quantum dots formulated in poly (lactic acid)-d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Fei Tan, Prashant Chandrasekharan, Dipak Maity, Cai Xian Yong, Kai-Hsiang Chuang, Ying Zhao, Shu Wang, Jun Ding, Si-Shen Feng
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Mumps meningoencephalitis. Prolonged abnormality of cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: P. H. Azimi
Journal: JAMA (1975)

MUMPS meningoencephalitis is usually a benign self-limiting disease; its clinical features are fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and meningeal signs. The clinical course is of short duration, and death or major neurological complications are rare. The patient with mumps meningoencephalitis described in this report is unusual because of the persistence of an elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein level and pleocytosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 11-year-old boy was admitted to Columbus (Ohio) Children's Hospital on Aug 6, 1973. Five days prior to admission, earache, fever, vomiting, and ataxia had developed. The following day, his temperature rose to 40 C (104 F). His physician gave him an injection of penicillin, and ampicillin in a dosage of 500 mg orally every six hours was prescribed. In spite of antibiotic therapy, his illness progressed and he was admitted to the hospital because of confusion and visual hallucinations. At the time of admission, his temperature
Reduced Th17 Response in Patients with Tuberculosis Correlates with IL-6R Expression on CD4<sup>+</sup>T Cells
Authors: Xinchun Chen, Mingxia Zhang, Mingfeng Liao, Michael W. Graner, Changyou Wu, Qianting Yang, Haiying Liu, Boping Zhou
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Although it is well recognized that CD4(+) T cells and T helper (Th) 1 cytokines are critical in the cell-mediated response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it is also clear that this immunity alone is not enough. Understanding the roles of other T cell subsets and cytokines is essential for vaccine design and clinical immunotherapy against tuberculosis (TB).To investigate the clinical significance and possible regulatory mechanism of Th17 responses in human TB.The frequencies of IFN-gamma-, IL-4-, IL-17-, FoxP3- and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R)-expressing CD4(+) T cells in blood and/or pleural effusion samples of healthy donors, subjects with latent TB infection, and patients with active TB were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokines, transforming growth factor-beta and IL-6, in plasma and pleural fluid samples were determined by ELISA.The frequency of Th17 cells in patients with active TB is significantly lower than those in healthy donors and individuals with latent TB infection. Correlation analysis showed that reduced Th17 responses observed in patients with active TB was significantly correlated with the decreased expression of IL-6R on CD4(+) T cells, but did not correlate with the concentrations of the cytokines, transforming growth factor-beta and IL-6. Consistently; in vitro study showed that M. tuberculosis products inhibit the expression of IL-6R on CD4(+) T cells.Our results demonstrate that reduced Th17 responses were associated with the clinical outcome of M. tuberculosis infection. Suppression of Th17 response through down-regulation of IL-6R expression may be an important mechanism in the development of active TB.
D‐dimer assay in Gaucher disease: Correlation with severity of bone and lung involvement
Authors: David Shitrit, Bernard Rudensky, Ari Zimran, Deborah Elstein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

The D-dimer assay as a marker of cross-linked fibrin may also be an indicator of active microvascular thrombosis, even in patients without overt hypercoagulation. In type I Gaucher disease, there is tremendous phenotypic variability that cannot be ascribed solely to different genotypes. Thus, there are no predictive tests to ascertain patients at risk for bone involvement, such as avascular necrosis, or lung disease, particularly pulmonary hypertension, which are two of the major causes of morbidity in Gaucher disease and which are slow to respond to enzyme replacement therapy. Previous studies to correlate these parameters with thrombophilic profiles have not been conclusive. Levels of D-dimers were assayed and compared to the presence of avascular necrosis and abnormally elevated TI gradient among other variables, in 118 unselected adult patients (52 males) with Gaucher disease. Of these, 19 patients had very mild Gaucher disease (Severity Score Index, SSI < 5) and 23 had severe disease (SSI > 15); 29 had avascular necrosis; 37 were splenectomized (due to massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism). As an indirect measure of pulmonary hypertension, TI gradient was used: 90 patients had normal TI gradients (<25 mmHg), and 12 patients had abnormal TI gradients (>30 mmHg). There were significant correlations between D-dimers and avascular necrosis, splenectomy, and elevated TI gradient. Thus, the D-dimer assay may be potentially predictive of bone and lung involvement in Gaucher disease.
Localization of the Basic Injury in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Emanuel Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1963)

PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS is a clinical entity characterized by features associated with interference with intrahepatic bile flow. Frequently, the first symptom is itching, usually followed by jaundice after varying time intervals, which may become severe without conspicuous malaise. Elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase level, hyperlipemia, and subcutaneous cholesterol deposits are found. Eventually, after many years, manifestations of cirrhosis, such as a portal hypertension, ascites, and hepatocellular failure, appear. The average duration of life after onset of symptoms is about 10 yr.<sup>1</sup>The anatomic basis of this disease has been described by MacMahon<sup>2</sup>whereas others have denied the existence of a characteristic pathologic entity.<sup>3</sup>Therefore, 15 open surgical biopsies, 19 needle aspiration biopsies, and 7 autopsy specimens in cases of primary biliary cirrhosis were studied by conventional microscopy, and biopsy specimens in 10 instances were examined by histochemical, electron microscopic, and immunocytochemical techniques in order to
Intracerebral Uptake of Tc-99m Labeled Antimelanoma Antibodies
Authors: D F SCHALING, J C BLEEKER, P R ALGRA, M J P G van KROONENBURGH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A patient with an intraocular tumor showed accumulation of Tc-99m labeled antimelanoma antibodies in the head. This was not due to a metastatic lesion but proved to be a benign intracranial osteoma. The reasons for this false-positive result are discussed.
Comparison of Subdermal and Peritumoral Injection Techniques of Lymphoscintigraphy to Determine the Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer
Authors: A Eroglu, A Mudun, K Berberoglu, O Asoglu, V Ozmen, M Muslumanoglu, Y Bozfakioglu, E Yavuz, S Tuzlali, S Cantez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 2 different injection techniques for lymphoscintigraphy to determine the axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Thirty-six patients with early breast cancer were studied prospectively. Both peritumoral (PT) and subdermal (SD) injections were performed on each patient with Tc-99m rhenium sulfide colloid. PT injections were done 1 to 8 days before surgery and SD injections were done on the day of operation. An intraoperative gamma probe was used to explore the axillary SLNs prior to tumor excision and axillary dissection. All surgical specimens were evaluated histopathologically. Results: In 19 of 36 patients, the same lymphatic drainage sites were observed with both techniques. Of these, 17 patients showed only axillary, 1 showed axillary and internal mammary (IM), and 1 showed axillary and subclavicular drainage sites. With PT injections 26 of 36 patients (72%), and with SD injections 33 of 36 patients (92%), showed axillary drainage and axillary SLNs. With PT injections 9 patients, and with SD injections only 2 patients, did not show any drainage site. During the operation with a gamma probe, axillary SLNs were excised in 35 patients (success rate, 97%). IM drainage was seen in 8 of 36 patients who underwent PT injections and in 3 of 36 with SD injections. Conclusion: The success rate was found to be higher with the SD injection technique than with PT injections to visualize the axillary SLN. To increase the visualization of both axillary and IM SLNs, it may be useful to perform lymphoscintigraphy with SD and PT injections together.
Abstract P3-09-16: Improved quality of life for early stage breast cancer survivors on a low carbohydrate, calorie restricted dietary intervention
Authors: AK Krie, HM Demuth, Y Hu, C Ageton, KN Bohlen, D Norfolk, R Thomes, J Muth, A Fahrendorf, J Kittelsrud, LA Rojas-Espaillat, GE Davies
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: It is well known that obesity and weight gain are significant issues in breast cancer survivorship. Weight gain frequently occurs after a breast cancer diagnosis, often attributed to adjuvant chemotherapy and the onset of menopause. Weight loss in the general population has been widely studied and shown to improve overall quality of life. The effect of weight loss on functional health and well being in breast cancer survivors is not well studied. The purpose of our study was to evaluate quality of life measures in overweight breast cancer survivors on a low carbohydrate, calorie restricted dietary intervention. Methods: Overweight estrogen-receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancer survivors who completed radiation and chemotherapy were eligible for the dietary intervention. There were 23 women enrolled on the study, 14 completed the dietary intervention and were used for analysis. The dietary intervention utilizes 0.5g protein/pound (actual body weight), less than 40 grams of carbohydrates, and 800-1200 calories per day. Patients stayed on the dietary intervention for an average of 23 weeks (7-59) depending on their weight loss goal. Quality of life was measured by a short-form health survey, SF-36, measuring functional status, wellbeing and overall evaluation of health (Brazier, 1992). Patients completed the quality of life questionnaire at baseline and every two months until the end of year 2. The student's t-test was used to analyze mental and physical health scores at baseline and intervals thereafter, p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The average total body weight reduction after dietary intervention was 19.9% equivalent to 43.7 pounds. Changes in the physical health scores from baseline were significant when compared to 2-months after diet start (p = 0.001) and diet termination (p = 0.00001). These changes remained significant at the 2-month follow-up visit (p = 0.0001). The changes to mental health scores were not statistically significant when compared to baseline. Conclusion: Overall physical health quality of life scores were improved as a result of the low carbohydrate, calorie restricted dietary intervention in estrogen-receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Over half of the patients started with mental health scores above the general population norm, which could have contributed to the lack of statistical significance. Additional research with a larger sample size may confirm the positive influence of weight loss through a low carbohydrate dietary intervention. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-09-16.
A 2-Step Mechanism of Arterial Thrombus Formation Induced by Human Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Armin J. Reininger, Isabell Bernlochner, Sandra M. Penz, Catherine Ravanat, Peter Smethurst, Richard W. Farndale, Christian Gachet, Richard Brandl, Wolfgang Siess
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)