tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR CELLS AND NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS
Authors: Alfred M. Prince, Harold S. Ginsberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

Newcastle disease virus infection of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells resulted, after a period of time, in the appearance of intracellular viral antigen which could be demonstrated by the fluorescent antibody technique. This antigen appeared in the cytoplasm of infected cells only after inoculation of cell-virus mixtures into the peritoneal cavities of mice. The latent period prior to the appearance of antigen depended inversely on the number of viral particles adsorbed onto the cells prior to inoculation. The final intensity of staining appeared not to be proportionate to the number of viral particles adsorbed to each cell. The appearance of this antigen was not correlated with a rise of titer of infectious, hemagglutinating, or complement-fixing virus. Viral antigen was demonstrated on the surface of tumor cells after adsorption of NDV onto these cells at 0 degrees C. At appropriate virus:cell ratios, antigen was noted to disappear from the surface at 37 degrees C. in vitro, and in vivo, in the absence of demonstrable elution of virus. The appearance of intracellular viral antigen could not be detected in vitro when tumor cell-NDV mixtures were incubated at 37 degrees C., even when an average of 1550 "infectious particles" had adsorbed to each cell.
Differentiation of germ cells and gametes from stem cells
Authors: A.I. Marques-Mari, O. Lacham-Kaplan, J.V. Medrano, A. Pellicer, C. Simon
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2009)

Advances in stem cell research have opened new perspectives for regenerative and reproductive medicine. Stem cells (SC) can differentiate under appropriate in vitro and in vivo conditions into different cell types. Several groups have reported their ability to differentiate SCs into germline cells, and some of them have been successful in obtaining male and female gamete-like cells by using different methodologies. This review summarizes the current knowledge in this field and emphasizes significant embryological, genetic and epigenetic aspects of germ cells and gametes in vitro differentiation in humans and other species, highlighting major obstacles that need to be overcome for successful gametogenesis in culture: studies reporting development of germ cell-like cells from murine and human embryonic (ESC) and somatic SCs are critically reviewed. Published studies indicate that germ cells can be consistently differentiated from mouse and human ESC. However, further differentiation of germ cells through gametogenesis still has important genetic and epigenetic obstacles to be efficient. Differentiation of germ cells from SCs has the potential of becoming a future source of gametes for research use, although further investigation is needed to understand and develop the appropriate niches and culture conditions. Additionally, if genetic and epigenetic methodological limitations could be solved, therapeutic opportunities could be also considered.
Indium-111–Pentetreotide Scintigraphy and Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 Expression: New Prognostic Factors for Malignant Well-Differentiated Endocrine Tumors
Authors: Amani Asnacios, Frédéric Courbon, Philippe Rochaix, Eric Bauvin, Valérie Cances-Lauwers, Christiane Susini, Stefan Schulz, Andrée Boneu, Rosine Guimbaud, Louis Buscail
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Well-differentiated metastatic endocrine carcinomas are difficult to manage because of variable disease outcome. New prognostic factors are required. These tumors overexpress somatostatin receptors (sst), implying the use of somatostatin analogs for tumor localization by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy using indium-111-pentetreotide ((111)In-pentetreotide) and for medical treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy, sst receptor expression, and prognosis.Between 1994 and 2002, 48 consecutive patients with well-differentiated endocrine carcinomas and a negative (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy were retrospectively paired according to sex, age, and tumor localization with 50 patients with well-differentiated endocrine carcinomas and a positive tracer uptake at (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy. Overall survival and expression of sst1 to sst5 receptors by immunohistochemistry were assessed.The lack of tracer uptake at the (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy seemed to be a poor prognostic factor (P = .007) for overall survival by Kaplan-Meier test and in multivariate analysis; age and absence of clinical secretory syndrome also seemed to be poor prognostic factors. The tracer uptake (positive (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy) correlated with the tumor expression of somatostatin receptor sst2 (P < .001) but not with that of sst1, sst3, sst4, or sst5. In a bivariate analysis, lack of sst2 expression also significantly correlated with poor prognosis.We demonstrate the prognostic value of (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy in well-differentiated malignant endocrine tumors. In these tumors, sst2 somatostatin receptor expression correlates with both tracer uptake and a better prognosis.
The Role of Irradiation in Food Safety
Authors: Michael T. Osterholm, Andrew P. Norgan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Foodborne disease leads to about 325,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths each year in the United States. The irradiation of food could sharply reduce the incidence of foodborne disease, but currently it is rarely performed. This article examines the reasons for the slow growth in the use of food irradiation. Like pasteurization, irradiation is an effective strategy to improve food safety.
Natural History of Rheumatic Aortic Regurgitation
Authors: MARIO SPAGNUOLO, HOWARD KLOTH, ANGELO TARANTA, EUGENIE DOYLE, BERNARD PASTERNACK
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The medical courses of 174 young patients with aortic regurgitation were followed prospectively for a median of 10 years. The data were analyzed by life-table methods; congestive failure and angina, as well as death, were considered as end points, since the occurrence of the former is considered sufficient indication for aortic valve replacement. Thirty-one patients developed the triad of moderate or marked left ventricular enlargement, two or three electrocardiographic abnormalities, and abnormal blood pressure. Thirty-three percent of these patients either died or had failure or angina within 1 year, 48% within 2 years, 65% within 3 years, and 87% within 6 years from the acquisition of the triad. The 71 patients with none of the above features had uneventful courses. Of the 71 patients with one or two features only seven either died (three) or became symptomatic. These data are useful for patient selection for surgery before symptoms appear.
Effect of Inhaled Budesonide on Lung Function and Airway Inflammation
Authors: SAM LIM, ANON JATAKANON, MATTHIAS JOHN, THOMAS GILBEY, BRIAN J. O'CONNOR, KIAN FAN CHUNG, PETER J. BARNES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

In a double-blind, cross-over study, we examined the effect of inhaled budesonide (800 μ g twice daily via Turbohaler) on lung function and various markers of airway inflammation including airway responsiveness to methacholine (PC20), exhaled nitric oxide (NO), eosinophils in induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and airway biopsies from 14 patients with mild asthma needing β2- agonist therapy only. After inhaled steroids, there was a significant increase in FEV1 and PC20, and reduction in exhaled NO. Eosinophils in induced sputum and airway biopsy sections were also significantly decreased, although BAL eosinophil counts remained unchanged. At baseline, significant correlations were observed between exhaled NO and PC20 methacholine (r = 0.64, p < 0.05), exhaled NO and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability (r = 0.65, p < 0.05), sputum eosinophils and FEV1 (r = − 0.63, p = 0.05), and sputum eosinophils and log PC20 methacholine (r = − 0.67, p < 0.05). After treatment with inhaled steroids, there was a significant correlation between eosinophils in biopsy sections, and BAL, with log PC20 methacholine. It is likely that these parameters represent different aspects of the inflammatory process, which are all inhibited by inhaled steroids.
Using Law to Facilitate Healthier Lifestyles
Authors: Edward L. Van Oeveren
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anti–Programmed Death-1 Synergizes with Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor–Secreting Tumor Cell Immunotherapy Providing Therapeutic Benefit to Mice with Established Tumors
Authors: Betty Li, Melinda VanRoey, Changyu Wang, Tseng-hui Timothy Chen, Alan Korman, Karin Jooss
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting tumor cell immunotherapy, which is known to stimulate potent and long-lasting antigen-specific immune responses, in combination with PD-1 blockade, which has been shown to augment cellular immune responses.Survival studies were done in the B16 melanoma and CT26 colon carcinoma tumor models. Immune monitoring studies were done in the B16 model. GM-CSF-secreting tumor cell immunotherapy was administered s.c. and the anti-PD-1 antibody was administered i.p.The studies reported here show that combining PD-1 blockade with GM-CSF-secreting tumor cell immunotherapy prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing animals compared with animals treated with either therapy alone. Prolonged survival correlated with strong antigen-specific T-cell responses detected by tetramer staining and an in vivo CTL assay, higher secretion levels of proinflammatory cytokines by splenocytes, and the persistence of functional CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, in the biweekly multiple treatment setting, repeated antigen-specific T-cell expansion was only observed following administration of the cellular immunotherapy with the PD-1 blockade and not when the cellular immunotherapy or PD-1 blockade was used as monotherapy.The combination of PD-1 blockade with GM-CSF-secreting tumor cell immunotherapy leads to significantly improved antitumor responses by augmenting the tumor-reactive T-cell responses induced by the cellular immunotherapy. Readministration of the cellular immunotherapy with the anti-PD-1 antibody in subsequent immunotherapy cycles was required to reactivate these T-cell responses.
Second window of ischemic preconditioning regulates mitochondrial permeability transition pore by enhancing Bcl-2 expression
Authors: K RAJESH, S SASAGURI, Z ZHITIAN, R SUZUKI, R ASAKAI, H MAEDA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

The second window of protection (SWOP) following brief coronary artery occlusion begins at 24 h and may last up to 72 h and occurs via many unknown mechanisms. We investigated the role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), a non specific pore in the inner membrane of the mitochondria in this phenomenon.Ischemic preconditioning (IP) was induced in Wistar rats by left coronary artery occlusion (four, 3-min episodes separated by 10 min of reperfusion) on day 1. On day 2, ischemia was induced with 30 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion in IP and control rats.IP rats showed decreased myocardial infarction (MI) area vs. non-IP control rats (15.32 vs. 45.6%). Furthermore, IP rats had preserved cardiac function (heart rate, rate pressure product, coronary flow and aortic flow) and myocardial ATP (P<0.03), decreased tissue water content (73.2 vs. 90.6%), increased expression of Bcl-2, and less mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome C release and apoptosis (2.6 vs. 12.4%) when compared to sham-operated rats. Activation of the permeability transition pore with PTP activators lonidamine (10 mg/kg body weight) or atractyloside (5 mg/kg body weight) before the sustained ischemia on day 2 resulted in complete abolition of SWOP-mediated cytoprotective effects. These agents had no effect on the cytoprotective effects that took place during the first window of preconditioning.The cytoprotective effects of SWOP are dependent on PTP activation state and may involve upregulation of Bcl-2 expression.
Intracoronary Radiation Therapy Improves the Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes of Diffuse In-Stent Restenotic Lesions
Authors: Ron Waksman, Edouard Cheneau, Andrew E. Ajani, R. Larry White, Ellen Pinnow, Rebecca Torguson, Regina Deible, Lowell F. Satler, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Paul S. Teirstein, Joseph Lindsay
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The Washington Radiation for In-Stent Restenosis Trial for long lesions (Long WRIST) was designed to determine the safety and efficacy of vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis.A total of 120 patients with diffuse in-stent restenosis in native coronary arteries (lesion length, 36 to 80 mm) were randomized for either radiation with 192Ir with 15 Gy at 2 mm from the source axis or placebo. After enrollment, 120 additional patients with the same inclusion criteria were treated with 192Ir with 18 Gy and included in the Long WRIST High Dose registry. Antiplatelet therapy was initially prescribed for 1 month and was extended to 6 months in the last 60 patients of the Long WRIST High Dose registry. At 6 months, the binary angiographic restenosis rate was 73%, 45%, and 38% in the placebo, 15 Gy, and 18 Gy radiated groups, respectively (P<0.05). At 1 year, the primary clinical end point of major cardiac events was 63% in the placebo group and 42% in the radiated group with 15 Gy (P<0.05). The major cardiac event rate was further reduced with 18 Gy (22%; P<0.05 versus 15 Gy). Late thrombosis was 12%, 15%, and 9% in the placebo group, 15 Gy group with 1 month of antiplatelet therapy, and 18 Gy group with 6 months of antiplatelet therapy, respectively.Vascular brachytherapy with 192Ir is safe and reduces the rate of recurrent restenosis in diffuse in-stent restenosis. The efficacy of vascular brachytherapy on angiographic and clinical outcomes is enhanced with a radiation dose of 18 Gy and prolonged antiplatelet therapy.
Recurrence of pre-eclampsia across generations: exploring fetal and maternal genetic components in a population based cohort
Authors: Rolv Skjærven, Lars J Vatten, Allen J Wilcox, Thorbjørn Rønning, Lorentz M Irgens, Rolv Terje Lie
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To assess the impact on risk of pre-eclampsia of genes that work through the mother, and genes of paternal origin that work through the fetus. <b>Design</b> Population based cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Registry data from Norway. <b>Participants</b> Linked generational data from the medical birth registry of Norway (1967-2003): 438 597 mother-offspring units and 286 945 father-offspring units. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Pre-eclampsia in the second generation. <b>Results</b> The daughters of women who had pre-eclampsia during pregnancy had more than twice the risk of pre-eclampsia themselves (odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval 2.0 to 2.4) compared with other women. Men born after a pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia had a moderately increased risk of fathering a pre-eclamptic pregnancy (1.5, 1.3 to 1.7). Sisters of affected men or women, who were themselves born after pregnancies not complicated by pre-eclampsia, also had an increased risk (2.0, 1.7 to 2.3). Women and men born after pre-eclamptic pregnancies were more likely to trigger severe pre-eclampsia in their own (or their partner9s) pregnancy (3.0, 2.4 to 3.7, for mothers and 1.9, 1.4 to 2.5, for fathers). <b>Conclusions</b> Maternal genes and fetal genes from either the mother or father may trigger pre-eclampsia. The maternal association is stronger than the fetal association. The familial association predicts more severe pre-eclampsia.
Work Stress, Sense of Coherence, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Prospective Study of Middle-Aged Swedish Men and Women
Authors: Anna-Karin Eriksson, Maureen van den Donk, Agneta Hilding, Claes-Göran Östenson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

To investigate the prospective influence of work stress on type 2 diabetes (T2D).This population-based cohort included 3,205 women and 2,227 men, aged 35-56 years, with baseline normal glucose tolerance measured with oral glucose tolerance test. At follow-up 8-10 years later, T2D was diagnosed in 60 women and 111 men. Work stress factors evaluated by questionnaire (i.e., demands, decision latitude, job strain, shift work, overtime work, and also sense of coherence) were studied in association with T2D. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs adjusted for age, education, BMI, physical activity, smoking, family history of diabetes, and psychological distress were calculated.In women, low decision latitude was associated with T2D on its own (OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.1-5.2]) and combined with high demands: job strain (OR 4.2 [2.0-8.7]), adjusted for all available potential confounders. Also, shift work increased the risk of T2D in women (OR 2.2 [1.0-4.7]) when adjusted for age, education, and psychological distress, although this risk was diluted after multifactor adjustment (OR 1.9 [0.8-4.4]). In men, high work demands and high strain decreased the risk of T2D (OR 0.5 [0.3-0.9]) for both measures, as did an active job (high demands and high decision latitude, OR 0.4 [0.2-0.9]).Work stress and shift work may contribute to the development of T2D in women. In men, the risk was decreased by high work demands, high strain, and an active job.
Wilson disease—Keeping the bar for diagnosis raised
Authors: Roman E. Perri, Si Houn Hahn, Matthew J. Ferber, Patrick S. Kamath
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

We read with interest the article by Ala et al.1 regarding the diagnosis of Wilson's Disease in siblings, both of whom were in their eighth decade of life. We recently diagnosed Wilson's Disease in a 60-year-old woman, underscoring the conclusions reached by Ala et al. This 60-year-old woman was recently referred to us for further evaluation of liver disease. She had no significant past medical history and experienced neither neuro-psychiatric symptoms nor symptoms referable to chronic liver disease. Thus, there was nothing that would warrant further evaluation for Wilson's Disease. An abdominal ultrasound had been obtained to evaluate mild, transient upper abdominal pain and had revealed changes consistent with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. She had essentially normal liver tests, and initial evaluation for causes of chronic liver disease had been negative except for serum ceruloplasmin, which was minimally abnormal. A 24-hour urine copper level was greater that 120 μg/24 hr. She was, therefore, referred to us. Our evaluation confirmed the lack of neurological features, and ophthalmologic examination did not demonstrate Kayser-Fleischer rings. Serum ceruloplasmin and serum-free copper level were normal. The liver biopsy demonstrated steatohepatitic cirrhosis with a negative rhodanine stain. The hepatic copper was quantified at 1,021 μg/g dry weight. To confirm the diagnosis of Wilson's Disease, we performed fluorescent DNA sequence analysis of the ATP7B gene, which demonstrated compound heterozygosity for the H1069Q mutation and the E1064A mutation, an identical genotype to the patients who presented with neurological manifestations recently described by Ala et al. We initiated therapy with trientine. Whereas the H1069Q mutation is the most common mutation found in patients with Wilson's disease, the E1064A mutation has only been described once prior to the report by Ala et al.2 In summary, we diagnosed Wilson's Disease in a woman in her seventh decade of life with no symptoms referable to either liver or neuro-psychiatric disease. This finding underscores the conclusion reached by Ala et al. that the diagnosis of Wilson's Disease should be entertained in patients of all ages who present with evidence of liver disease, neurological disease, or psychiatric symptoms. Roman E. Perri M.D.*, Si Houn Hahn M.D., Ph.D. , Matthew J. Ferber Ph.D. , Patrick S. Kamath M.D.*, * Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, Department of Laboratory and Medical Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN.
P121 Feasibility of performing valid spirometry in rural India: preliminary results from a population study assessing the prevalence of COPD
Authors: R. Mukherjee, V. C. Moore, S. Purkait, P. Goon, C. J. Warburton, B. Chakrabarti, P. M. A. Calverley
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Spirometry remains the cornerstone in the diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Little is known regarding the determinants and prevalence of COPD in rural India. We undertook a population-based study in Howrah District, West Bengal,India at a community-based primary care clinic of a voluntary organisation to test the feasibility of spirometric estimation of the prevalence of COPD. <h3>Methods</h3> Spirometry was performed on all adults &gt;35 years attending the clinic. Questionnaire data (capturing respiratory symptoms, occupation, tobacco smoking history, indoor stove use) were gathered for each subject. All spirometric data were examined by an independent UK-based clinical scientist. <h3>Results</h3> Spirometry was performed in 315 patients over 3 months; 18% (58/315) of measurements were deemed good quality as per ERS guidelines; 45% (143/315) had the correct shaped curve; hence 64% (201/315) of all spirometries were deemed adequate for FEV<sub>1</sub> analysis. Poor quality traces were noted in 36% (n=114) and hence were excluded from analysis. Of the adequate spirometries (n=201, mean age 51 years (SD 12.1); 39% male), 84 (42%) were normal, 102 (51%) exhibited mild airflow obstruction, 12 (6%) moderate airflow obstruction and 3 (1.5%) severe airflow obstruction according to British guidelines. Difference in FEV<sub>1</sub>% predicted between never/ex smokers and current smokers was significant (p=0.029). Indoor stove use was ubiquitous in this population and did not correlate with FEV<sub>1</sub> percent predicted. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In a rural Indian setting, valid spirometry can be obtained in two-thirds of adult patients attending a community clinic with 58% of patients in this sample exhibiting at least mild COPD with a history of current smoking being associated with the development of airflow obstruction.
5-year outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared with standard treatment for patients with inoperable aortic stenosis (PARTNER 1): a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Samir R Kapadia, Martin B Leon, Raj R Makkar, E Murat Tuzcu, Lars G Svensson, Susheel Kodali, John G Webb, Michael J Mack, Pamela S Douglas, Vinod H Thourani, Vasilis C Babaliaros, Howard C Herrmann, Wilson Y Szeto, Augusto D Pichard, Mathew R Williams, Gregory P Fontana, D Craig Miller, William N Anderson, Craig R Smith, Jodi J Akin, Michael J Davidson
Journal: The Lancet (2015)