tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glimmer of Violence
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ocular manifestations and complications of Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: an Asian series*
Authors: L. W. Yip, B. Y. Thong, J. Lim, A. W. Tan, H. B. Wong, S. Handa, W. J. Heng
Journal: Allergy (2007)

To describe the acute and late ocular manifestations and complications in toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and identify predictors for development of late complications.Cases of TEN and SJS during a 9-year period were included. Patients with ocular involvement were reviewed for acute ocular complications. Patients with a minimum 6 months follow-up were reviewed for late complications. Records were reviewed for their demographics, etiology, and severity of ocular involvement.There were 117 patients with a mean age of 52.2 +/- 18.6 years. Eighty-one of these (69%) had acute ocular involvement. This was mild in 40%, moderate in 25% and severe in 4%. Adverse drug reactions were the predominant cause. Patients with thrombocytopenia had more severe acute ocular involvement. Forty-four patients had a minimum 6 months of follow-up and half developed late complications. Severe dry eyes and trichiatic lashes were the commonest late complications. Patients treated with topical antibiotic were more likely to have late complications, particularly dry eyes. There was no difference in the severity of acute eye involvement or late complications when SJS and TEN patients were compared. The severity of the acute ocular disease and abnormal laboratory tests were not found to be the significant risk factors of late complications.Ocular involvement is common in SJS and TEN and can be severe and blinding. The severity of acute ocular complications does not predict late complications. The diagnosis of TEN does not imply a more severe ocular involvement or increased frequency of late ocular complications compared with SJS. Care should be taken even in mild cases. Appropriate intervention during acute ocular disease may prevent late complications.
1,1-Dichloroethylene: an apoptotic hepatotoxin?
Authors: E S Reynolds, M F Kanz, P Chieco, M T Moslen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Within 2 hr after 1,1-dichloroethylene administration, the following phenomena occur in livers of fasted rats: dilation and disruption of bile canaliculi, plasma membrane invagination and loss of microvilli, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and loss of density in mitochondrial matrices. Early, selective loss of enzyme activities was localized by histochemical staining to bile canalicular, and inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. Biliary permeability to inulin increased, a change suggestive of the breakdown of junctions between hepatocytes. Endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes appeared spared. In addition, scattered, individual hepatocytes exhibited changes characteristic of apoptosis by 2 hr: chromatin aggregation and margination, nucleolar coarse granulation and enlargement, rounded blebs and proturberances on cell surfaces, and the separation of these cells from surrounding parenchyma. In contrast, evidence of plasma membrane leakiness to K+, Ca2+ and soluble cytoplasmic enzymes was not detected until after 2 hr. Based on these observations, we propose that 1,1-dichloroethylene may initiate apoptosis-like cell degradation in selected parenchymal cells prior to or coincident with centrolobular necrosis.
Abstract 3150: The SCFFbw7 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex Targets KLF5 for Ubiquitination and Degradation in a Phosphorylation Dependent Manner
Authors: Han-Qiu Zheng, Dong Zhao, Zhongmei Zhou, Ceshi Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The KLF5 transcription factor is overexpressed in ERα negative basal type breast cancer and promotes breast cell proliferation, survival, and tumorigenesis through upregulating its target gene FGF-BP. We previously identified WWP1 as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for KLF5. However, the regulation mechanisms of KLF5 protein degradation through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway are still poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the Skp1-Cul1-Fbw7 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (SCFFbw7) targets KLF5 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation in a KLF5 phosphorylation dependent manner. Fbw7 interacts with KLF5 through the WD40 repeats of Fbw7 and a cdc-4 phospho-degron(CPD domain, 303SPPSS) of KLF5 and promotes KLF5 ubiquitination and degradation. Both the F-box and WD40 repeats of Fbw7 are required for KLF5 ubiquitination and degradation. Mutation of the critical Ser303 residue in the KLF5 CPD motif into Ala abolishes the protein interaction, ubiquitination, and degradation by Fbw7. In addition, the interaction between wild type KLF5 and Fbw7 can be abrogated by alkaline phosphotase (CIP) treatment. Using a KLF5 S303 phosphorylation specific antibody, we demonstrate that the S303 residue is phosphorylated. We further demonstrate that the KLF5 S303 can be phosphorylated by GSK3 in vitro. Inhibition of GSK3 activity by LiCl delays the KLF5 S303 phosphorylation and the KLF5 protein degradation. This new regulatory mechanism of KLF5 degradation may result in useful diagnostic and therapeutic targets for breast cancer and other cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3150.
The Cost of Topical Drugs for Dermatophyte Infections-Reply
Authors: Mary-Margaret Chren
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Drs Perlmutter and Whitmore for their comments. Both letters highlight a remarkable advantage of the type of cost analysis that we proposed: our method compared the cost of treatment with a reference drug with the cost of treatment with alternative drugs of any price. For example, even when clotrimazole is available at the relatively low costs cited by Dr Whitmore (compared with nationwide average wholesale costs), it still remains over three times the cost of miconazole as reported in the<i>1993 Red Book</i>.<sup>1</sup>Assuming a follow-up visit charge of $21.98, the efficacy rate of miconazole would have to be less than 62% before it is always less expensive to begin therapy with clotrimazole (Figure 1 of our article). As we pointed out, published efficacy rates for miconazole—and clotrimazole—vary from 70% to 100%. Perlmutter points out that treatment regimens involving alternatives to drugs are often much
Screening for cystic fibrosis Should begin with cascade screening
Authors: M Super, M J Schwarz, G Malone, T Roberts, A Haworth, G Dermody, J Brun, D Magnay
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - We wish to respond to Theresa Marteau's commentary on our screening programme for carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene.1 The programme, aimed at families and their partners, wishes to increase reproductive options, with most of the women not being pregnant at the time of screening. The increased options are mentioned several times in our paper.

The Cystic Fibrosis Research Trust's guidelines for bids for funding for carrier screening projects in 1989 began by saying that the main object of screening was to increase reproductive options. They continued, however, by saying that, given the nature of cystic fibrosis, screening programmes would also have as an aim a reduction in the birth of those affected by the disorder. Any genetic screening programme for what is perceived as a serious condition should be regarded as an aid to decisions about termination of pregnancy. This does not imply that there is not free choice over whether to partake in the screening or that every carrier couple detected will opt for prenatal tests and termination of pregnancy. Nevertheless, it is legitimate to monitor what couples do with the information, and …
Cancer in Persons Working in Dry Cleaning in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Elsebeth Lynge, Aage Andersen, Lars Rylander, Håkan Tinnerberg, Marja-Liisa Lindbohm, Eero Pukkala, Pål Romundstad, Per Jensen, Lene Bjørk Clausen, Kristina Johansen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

U.S. studies have reported an increased risk of esophageal and some other cancers in dry cleaners exposed to tetrachloroethylene. We investigated whether the U.S. findings could be reproduced in the Nordic countries using a series of case–control studies nested in cohorts of laundry and dry-cleaning workers identified from the 1970 censuses in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Dry-cleaning work in the Nordic countries during the period when tetrachloroethylene was the dominant solvent was not associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer [rate ratio (RR) = 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–1.69], but our study was hampered by some unclassifiable cases. The risks of cancer of the gastric cardia, liver, pancreas, and kidney and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were not significantly increased. Assistants in dry-cleaning shops had a borderline significant excess risk of cervical cancer not found in women directly involved in dry cleaning. We found an excess risk of bladder cancer (RR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.07–1.93) not associated with length of employment. The finding of no excess risk of esophageal cancer in Nordic dry cleaners differs from U.S. findings. Chance, differences in level of exposure to tetrachloroethylene, and confounding may explain the findings. The overall evidence on bladder cancer in dry cleaners is equivocal.
SAD and the Not-So-Single Photoreceptors
Authors: Dan A. Oren, Marek Koziorowski, Paul H. Desan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2013)

Research in the last century has demonstrated that light is a critical regulator of physiology in animals. More recent research has exposed the influence of light on human behavior, including the phenomenon of seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Repeated studies have shown that light treatment is effective in this disorder. The molecular mechanism by which the body absorbs the light that has energizing and antidepressant effects is still uncertain. This review presents evidence regarding the role of rod and cone photoreceptors, as well as the role of recently discovered nonvisual neuronal melanopsin-containing photoreceptors. The authors discuss an evolutionary-based theoretical model of humoral phototransduction. This model postulates that tetrapyrrole pigments, including hemoglobin and bilirubin, are blood-borne photoreceptors, regulating gasotransmitters such as carbon monoxide when exposed to light in the eye. Recent studies in an animal model for seasonality provide data consistent with this model. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which light affects physiology may guide the development of therapies for SAD and other pathologies of circadian and circannual regulation.
BORTEZOMIB/DEXAMETHASONE-BASED TREATMENT FOR LIGHT-CHAIN CARDIAC AMYLOIDOSIS RESULTS IN MARKEDLY PROLONGED SURVIVAL COMPARED TO PREVIOUSLY USED REGIMENS
Authors: Rodney H. Falk, Jacob P. Laubach, Jenna Kruger, Candida Cristina Quarta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A British Medical Association Lecture on THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE IN ITS EARLY STAGES
Authors: C. F. Coombs
Journal: BMJ (1930)

WElirave, I believe, learirt fromii the study the rhreunmatic infection a goo( deal that is applicable a coriipireliensiort of tlio general belhaviour-of inifective disease.ha-ve gradually beeni compelled to ealize that thliis, one of deadliest formiiis of disease,is provoked by miro-organisms that do iiot seem to be radically dlifferelnt fromii streptococci that inhabit tlIe norinal iniorthli.'rhutsw-c ihave beeni once more reminded of tire fact that imiportauit as the seed.A lhealtlihy cilld does niot become rireururatic because of arrv dire visitationi, becauiso defetscts of iniherita-c nce arid of environmclert to lay hini openi to invasion by organiisms that tie hehe altlry clildl is able to resist.It.seenirs certaini least a tlririd of all cases this inivasionl takles place thlrouighl tonisils.In this iproportion the openingiio of tire catnipargiti announ111(ces itself in.a franik attack tonsillitis.What ar-c we to say of the nest?It is probable soniic, noot iin all, tire infection shlips iii through tonsils wvithout exciting anyv perrceptible pr-otest at entry.
Comparison of Anatomic Isthmus Block With the Modified Right Atrial Maze Procedure for Late Atrial Tachycardia in Fontan Patients
Authors: Barbara J. Deal, Constantine Mavroudis, Carl L. Backer, Scott H. Buck, Christopher Johnsrude
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Late atrial reentry tachycardia (AT) after Fontan repair is common, with limited efficacy of medical therapy in preventing AT recurrence. In this study, two approaches to surgical arrhythmia ablation in patients with refractory AT undergoing Fontan revision are compared: cryoablation of the inferomedial right atrium (RA), and a more extensive modified RA maze procedure designed to eliminate all potential RA reentrant circuits. Methods and Results — Fontan revision was performed in 23 patients with AT, using inferomedial RA cryoablation (Group 1, n=8) and modified RA maze procedure (Group 2, n=15). There was no difference in age at initial Fontan, age at Fontan revision, age at onset of AT, or number of failed antiarrhythmic medications. Patients underwent preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative electrophysiological studies. Thirty-eight different tachycardia circuits were induced in preoperative studies with 3 major areas of RA involvement: the lower lateral RA, the atrial septum, and the inferomedial RA. At postoperative electrophysiological study, AT was inducible in 62% of Group 1 patients but only 7% of Group 2 patients ( P &lt;0.02). With mean follow-up of 43 months, 5 of 8 patients in Group 1 experienced AT recurrence compared with none in Group 2 ( P &lt;0.001). There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay or complication rate comparing the two groups. Conclusion — Modified RA maze procedure is superior to anatomic isthmus block in treating reentrant AT in postoperative Fontan patients. The modified RA maze has eliminated AT recurrence at mid-term follow-up with low morbidity and mortality.
The Primal Scream
Authors: P. Jeyapaul
Journal: BMJ (2012)

So called primal therapy was pioneered by Dr Arthur Janov in the late 1960s. He describes it as a natural therapy based on his hypothesis that most psychological disturbances are disorders of feeling that can be traced back to the traumas of conception and childbirth.

Janov’s belief challenged and contradicted classical Freudian and neo-Freudian schools of thought, which suggested that we are born neurotic and with a healthy set of defence mechanisms that enable us to function well in society. However, primal therapy is based on the assumption that we …
P1234 SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF MK-5172 PLUS PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2b AND RIBAVIRIN (PR) IN CIRRHOTIC AND NON-CIRRHOTIC TREATMENT-NAIVE PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) GENOTYPE (G)1 INFECTION
Authors: C. Hezode, S. Bruno, I. Jacobson, L. Serfaty, P. Kwo, A. Zhou, C. Gilbert, P. Hwang, J. Wahl, M.N. Robertson, N. Mobashery
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Protein S deficiency in lupus erythematosus secondary to hereditary angio-oedema
Authors: W. PERKINS, G.I. STABLES, R.S. LEVER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Summary We report a child with lupus erythematosus secondary to type 2 hereditary angio-oedema (HAE). Reduced levels of free protein S were found. Total protein S, and C4 binding protein (C4bp) were normal, and there was no evidence of anticardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant. We postulate that reduced levels of C4, secondary to C1 inhibitor deficiency, resulted in increased binding of protein S to C4bp, leading to reduced levels of free protein S and thus functional deficiency of protein S.
Thank God I Have Cancer
Authors: David M. Mumford
Journal: JAMA (1997)

As physicians, we eventually attain an age of reflection and solitary games. Among these mind machinations is "Memory as Lottery," an ongoing game of chance. Some thoughtful questions also arise at this stage of life: Does suffering serve any purpose? What truths have I retained in my aging residue? Now that I look back, I find my few shining grains of wisdom frequently came from patient encounters. One unassuming patient and his spouse were unknowingly indelible mentors to me. The process of dying is surely the greatest lesson plan we all must confront. To mutate a thought of Tolstoy, every death is the same, yet each is an individual human drama in which patient and caregivers play teaching roles. Sometimes the physician benefits most from these important interchanges. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, cancer immunology was blossoming. Novel ideas were erupting; exciting new approaches were fashioned; and promised
A map of open chromatin in human pancreatic islets
Authors: Kyle J Gaulton, Takao Nammo, Lorenzo Pasquali, Jeremy M Simon, Paul G Giresi, Marie P Fogarty, Tami M Panhuis, Piotr Mieczkowski, Antonio Secchi, Domenico Bosco, Thierry Berney, Eduard Montanya, Karen L Mohlke, Jason D Lieb, Jorge Ferrer
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Association of Age and Sex With Myocardial Infarction Symptom Presentation and In-Hospital Mortality
Authors: John G. Canto, William J. Rogers, Robert J. Goldberg, Eric D. Peterson, Nanette K. Wenger, Viola Vaccarino, Catarina I. Kiefe, Paul D. Frederick, George Sopko, Zhi-Jie Zheng, for the NRMI Investigators
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Women are generally older than men at hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI) and also present less frequently with chest pain/discomfort. However, few studies have taken age into account when examining sex differences in clinical presentation and mortality.To examine the relationship between sex and symptom presentation and between sex, symptom presentation, and hospital mortality, before and after accounting for age in patients hospitalized with MI.Observational study from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction, 1994-2006, of 1,143,513 registry patients (481,581 women and 661,932 men).We examined predictors of MI presentation without chest pain and the relationship between age, sex, and hospital mortality.The proportion of MI patients who presented without chest pain was significantly higher for women than men (42.0% [95% CI, 41.8%-42.1%] vs 30.7% [95% CI, 30.6%-30.8%]; P < .001). There was a significant interaction between age and sex with chest pain at presentation, with a larger sex difference in younger than older patients, which became attenuated with advancing age. Multivariable adjusted age-specific odds ratios (ORs) for lack of chest pain for women (referent, men) were younger than 45 years, 1.30 (95% CI, 1.23-1.36); 45 to 54 years, 1.26 (95% CI, 1.22-1.30); 55 to 64 years, 1.24 (95% CI, 1.21-1.27); 65 to 74 years, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.11-1.15); and 75 years or older, 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02-1.04). Two-way interaction (sex and age) on MI presentation without chest pain was significant (P < .001). The in-hospital mortality rate was 14.6% for women and 10.3% for men. Younger women presenting without chest pain had greater hospital mortality than younger men without chest pain, and these sex differences decreased or even reversed with advancing age, with adjusted OR for age younger than 45 years, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.00-1.39); 45 to 54 years, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.02-1.26); 55 to 64 years, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.96-1.09); 65 to 74 years, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88-0.95); and 75 years or older, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79-0.83). The 3-way interaction (sex, age, and chest pain) on mortality was significant (P < .001).In this registry of patients hospitalized with MI, women were more likely than men to present without chest pain and had higher mortality than men within the same age group, but sex differences in clinical presentation without chest pain and in mortality were attenuated with increasing age.
USE OF CYLEX IMMUNE MONITORING SCORE TO GUIDE IMMUNOSUPPRESSION AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION REDUCES INFECTION RISK
Authors: Dael R. Geft, Jignesh Patel, Michelle Kittleson, David Chang, Matthew Rafiei, Ashley Osborne, Lawrence Czer, Fardad Esmailian, Jon Kobashigawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Vitamins in Medicine
Authors: Victor Herbert
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This fourth edition of a book first published in 1942 consists of chapters on vitamin C, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, thiamin, essential fatty acids, the bioflavanoids, vitamin A, and the effects of food processing on the vitamins. The vitamin C chapter, by Bender, contains no references beyond 1977. Its 230 references are well selected and critically evaluated. The chapter on pantothenic acid by Donna M. Jeffery has no references after 1971, and is dated by that fact. The chapter on vitamin K, by Henrik Dam, Ebde Søndegaard, and Robert E. Olson, is a good review up to 1978, but there has been a fair amount of new information since then. The thiamin chapter by Hugh Sinclair covers the field until 1976; here too there have been substantial developments since then. The chapter on essential fatty acids by Hugh Sinclair includes references up to 1980. An enormous amount of new work
THE COUNCIL ON PHYSICAL THERAPY
Authors: MORRIS FISHBEIN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The editor's occupation affords him opportunity to display either broad and comprehensive ignorance or erudite knowledge of many topics before audiences composed of specialists in various fields. Following his glittering generalizations he is likely to become the recipient of anathema and vituperation for his disagreements with long-held opinions. Obviously, the knowledge of physical therapy which forms the basis of the considerations here presented is not derived from personal observation of the devices used in physical therapy, from an intimate study of their effects on animals or on patients, or even from their trial on a physical constitution inured to punishment by the trials of numerous tooth pastes, breakfast foods, condensed, dried and powdered milks, or other samples conferred on editors by earnest manufacturers and a progressive advertising department. Such statements as are here made public result from the reading of innumerable manuscripts submitted by aspirants for fame in the field