tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atrioventricular nodal fast pathway modification: mechanism for lack of ventricular rate slowing in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Y Zhang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objectives: Atrioventricular node (AVN) modification is one of the alternatives for ventricular rate control in patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the underlying mechanisms, and in particular the role of the dual pathway electrophysiology is not clear. By using a novel index, His electrogram (HE) alternans, we have previously demonstrated in rabbits that both the slow (SP) and the fast pathways (FP) are involved in AVN conduction during AF. This electrophysiological–morphological study was designed to address the role of selective FP ablation on AVN conduction during AF. Methods and Results: In 12 rabbit AVN preparations dual pathway conduction was confirmed by HE alternans during A1A2 pacing protocol, as well as during AF. On average 48% of the conducted beats during AF utilized the FP. Selective FP ablation (n = 12) guided by HE alternans resulted in only-SP conduction, with longer AVN conduction time at basic beats, but without change of AVN effective refractory period (ERP). Interestingly, despite elimination of all FP-conducted beats during AF, the selective FP ablation allowed previously concealed SP beats to be conducted, resulting in little net effect on the ventricular rate (average His–His interval 199±10 ms before versus 201±13 ms after FP ablation, p>0.05). Morphological evidence indicated that FP ablation created lesions within the transitional cells of the superior approaches at the junction between the central fibrous body and the AVN. However, extension of FP ablation lesion into the compact AVN domain resulted in non-selective AVN modification and slowing of ventricular rate during AF. Conclusions: Despite its longer ERP, FP is responsible for a substantial number of ventricular beats during AF. However, selective FP ablation has a minor effect on ventricular rate. The most likely mechanism for this phenomenon is that FP ablation allows previously concealed SP beats to be conducted. On the other hand, ventricular rate slowdown could be achieved if FP ablations caused collateral damage in the compact node. This study highlights the usefulness of HE alternans as a novel tool to monitor dual pathway conduction during AF and to guide AVN modification.
Psychosocial and Cognitive Rehabilitation of Patients with Solvent-Induced Chronic Toxic Encephalopathy: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Moniek S.E. van Hout, Ellie M. Wekking, Ina J. Berg, Betto G. Deelman
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; There is little experience with the (neuro) psychological treatment of patients with solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy (CSE). In this randomised controlled trial (RCT), a treatment programme was evaluated based on previous outcome studies of patients with chronic fatigue, whiplash and traumatic brain damage. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The treatment consisted of 8 group sessions based on cognitive behavioural principles focusing on inadequate illness behaviours, and 8 sessions of cognitive strategy training to compensate memory problems. The research design was an RCT with follow-up, comparing the cumulative effect of the 2 interventions allocated in random order with a waiting-list control group. Outcome measures were treatment satisfaction, self-ratings of psychosocial and cognitive changes, psychosocial and memory questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with baseline scores, treatment versus control condition, effort status, and litigation or financial compensation status as predictors. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Ninety-five patients started treatment, 84 patients had complete data. Treatment satisfaction was high. After the treatment, only the treatment group had improved on objective memory tests and on complaints related to CSE, but not on other questionnaires. Treatment effects diminished at follow-up. Insufficient effort and litigation were negatively associated with treatment outcome. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The positive treatment effects on the cognitive tests were only temporary. It might be important to study the effect of booster sessions to update practiced cognitive strategies. Effort was an important predictor of success, more important than involvement in a litigation procedure. This finding should have implications for the selection of patients.
Immediate pigment darkening and persistent pigment darkening as means of measuring the ultraviolet A protection factor in vivo: a comparative study
Authors: Y.J. Hwang, H.J. Park, H.J. Hahn, J.Y. Kim, J.H. Ko, Y.W. Lee, Y.B. Choe, K.J. Ahn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Immediate pigment darkening and persistent pigment darkening as means of measuring the ultraviolet A protection factor in vivo: a comparative study Get access Y.J. Hwang, Y.J. Hwang Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. Park, H.J. Park Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. Hahn, H.J. Hahn Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Y. Kim, J.Y. Kim Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.H. Ko, J.H. Ko Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.W. Lee, Y.W. Lee Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.B. Choe, Y.B. Choe Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Yong Beom Choe. E‐mail: cyb@kuh.ac.kr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.J. Ahn K.J. Ahn Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 4–12 Hwayang‐dong, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul 143–729, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 6, 1 June 2011, Pages 1356–1361, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10225.x Published: 01 June 2011
Prandial Insulin Dosing Using Run-to-Run Control
Authors: Cesar C. Palerm, Howard Zisser, Wendy C. Bevier, Lois Jovanovič, Francis J. Doyle
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

We propose a novel algorithm to adjust prandial insulin dose using sparse blood glucose measurements. The dose is adjusted on the basis of a performance measure for the same meal on the previous day. We determine the best performance measure and tune the algorithm to match the recommendations of experienced physicians.Eleven subjects with type 1 diabetes, using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, were recruited (seven women and four men, aged 21-65 years with A1C of 7.1 +/- 1.3%). Basal insulin infusion rates were optimized. Target carbohydrate content for the lunch meal was calculated on the basis of a weight-maintenance diet. Over a period of 2-4 days, subjects were asked to measure their blood glucose according to the algorithm's protocol. Starting with their usual insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio, the insulin bolus dose was titrated downward until postprandial glucose levels were high (180-250 mg/dl [10-14 mmol/l]). Subsequently, physicians made insulin bolus recommendations to normalize postprandial glucose concentrations. Graphical methods were then used to determine the most appropriate performance measure for the algorithm to match the physician's decisions. For the best performance measure, the gain of the controller was determined to be the best match to the dose recommendations of the physicians.The correlation between the clinically determined dose adjustments and those of the algorithm is R2 = 0.95, P < 1e - 18.We have shown how engineering methods can be melded with medical expertise to develop and refine a dosing algorithm. This algorithm has the potential of drastically simplifying the determination of correct insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios.
Application of serum proteomics to the Women's Health Initiative conjugated equine estrogens trial reveals a multitude of effects relevant to clinical findings
Authors: Hiroyuki Katayama, Sophie Paczesny, Ross Prentice, Aaron Aragaki, Vitor M Faca, Sharon J Pitteri, Qing Zhang, Hong Wang, Melissa Silva, Jacob Kennedy, Jacques Rossouw, Rebecca Jackson, Judith Hsia, Rowan Chlebowski, JoAnn Manson, Samir Hanash
Journal: Genome Medicine (2009)

The availability of serum collections from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) randomized controlled trial provides an opportunity to test the potential of in-depth quantitative proteomics to uncover changes in the serum proteome related to CEE and to assess their relevance to trial findings, including elevations in the risk of stroke and venous thromboembolism and a reduction in fractures. Five independent large scale quantitative proteomics analyses were performed, each comparing a set of pooled serum samples collected from 10 subjects, 1 year following initiation of CEE at 0.625 mg/d, relative to their baseline pool. A subset of proteins that exhibited increased levels with CEE by quantitative proteomics was selected for validation studies. Of 611 proteins quantified based on differential stable isotope labeling, the levels of 116 (19%) were changed after 1 year of CEE (nominal P < 0.05), while 64 of these had estimated false discovery rates <0.05. Most of the changed proteins were not previously known to be affected by CEE and had relevance to processes that included coagulation, metabolism, osteogenesis, inflammation, and blood pressure maintenance. To validate quantitative proteomic data, 14 proteins were selected for ELISA. Findings for ten - IGF1, IGFBP4, IGFBP1, IGFBP2, F10, AHSG, GC, CP, MMP2, and PROZ - were confirmed in the initial set of 50 subjects and further validated in an independent set of 50 additional subjects who received CEE. CEE affected a substantial fraction of the serum proteome, including proteins with relevance to findings from the WHI CEE trial related to cardiovascular disease and fracture. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611
Experts question size of savings from NHS going "paperless"
Authors: M. Cross
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In his first public pronouncement on policy on information technology since taking over as health secretary for England in September, Jeremy Hunt last week urged the NHS to become a “paperless” organisation by 2018. The move would “save billions, improve services, and help meet the challenges of an ageing population,” he said.

However, recent studies by the department’s own consultants and US researchers indicate that realising “billions” from computerisation may be difficult.

In a speech to the think tank Policy Exchange, Hunt set out two sets of targets, for 2015 and 2018. For 2015 Hunt restated a commitment to allow patients to have internet access to their electronic GP records and for all referrals to be handled electronically, with “clear plans in place to enable secure …
Menstrual History and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Women With Node-Positive Breast Cancer Treated With Adjuvant Therapy on the NSABP B-30 Trial
Authors: Patricia A. Ganz, Stephanie R. Land, Charles E. Geyer, Reena S. Cecchini, Joseph P. Costantino, Eduardo R. Pajon, Louis Fehrenbacher, James N. Atkins, Jonathan A. Polikoff, Victor G. Vogel, John K. Erban, Robert B. Livingston, Edith A. Perez, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Norman Wolmark, Sandra M. Swain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Premenopausal women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy are at risk for amenorrhea. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-30 trial included menstrual history (MH) and quality-of-life (QOL) studies to compare treatments on these outcomes.Patients were randomly assigned to sequential doxorubicin (A) and cyclophosphamide (C) followed by docetaxel (T; AC→T), concurrent TAC, or AT, which varied in duration (24, 12, 12 weeks, respectively), and use of C. Endocrine therapy was prescribed for women with hormone receptor-positive tumors. MH and QOL were assessed with standardized questionnaires at baseline; cycle 4, day 1; and every 6 months through 24 months. Prespecified analyses examined rates of amenorrhea by treatment arm, the relationship between amenorrhea and QOL, and QOL by treatment arm.Amenorrhea 12 months after random assignment was significantly different between treatment groups: 69.8% for AC→T, 57.7% for TAC, and 37.9% for AT (P < .001). The AT group without tamoxifen had the lowest rate of amenorrhea. QOL was poorer for patients receiving AC→T at 6 months but similar to others by 12 months. Post-treatment symptoms were increased above baseline for all treatments. Multivariable repeated measures modeling demonstrated that treatment arm, time point, age, and tamoxifen use were significantly associated with symptom severity (all P values < .002).Amenorrhea rates differed significantly by treatment arm, with the AT arm having the lowest rate. Patients treated with longer duration therapy (AC→T) had greater symptom severity and poorer QOL at 6 months, but did not differ from shorter duration treatments at 12 months.
Alterations in left ventricular relaxation and diastolic compliance in congestive cardiomyopathy
Authors: W. GROSSMAN, L. P. McLAURIN, E. L. ROLETT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Alterations in left ventricular relaxation and diastolic compliance in congestive cardiomyopathy Get access WILLIAM GROSSMAN, WILLIAM GROSSMAN 1 From the Departments of Medicine, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts and the University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 1Address for reprints and all correspondence: William Grossman. M.D., Department of Medicine, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, 721 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar LAMBERT P. McLAURIN, LAMBERT P. McLAURIN From the Departments of Medicine, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts and the University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ELLIS L. ROLETT ELLIS L. ROLETT From the Departments of Medicine, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts and the University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 9, September 1979, Pages 514–522, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.9.514 Published: 01 September 1979
Smoking and complications during bronchoscopy
Authors: Ana María López Vázquez, Estrella Fernández-Fabrellas, Javier Berraondo Fraile, Sherlynne Vanessa Jaimes Díaz, Cristina Sabater Abad, María Luisa Tárrega Roig, Carmen María Cortés Alcaide, Enrique De Casimiro Calabuig
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objectives: To evaluate complications associated with bronchoscopy and its procedures based on smoking history of patients undergoing bronchoscopy in our area.  Methodology: A prospective observational study was designed including all consecutive patients undergoing bronchoscopy in our section for 7 months, collecting demographic data, smoking history and complications happened during bronchoscopy, performing a statistical analysis of the data obtained.  Results: 316 patients were included, mean age 63 years, 74.1% men, 80% with smoking history. The mean SpO2 at the start of the examination was 95.21%, with no difference regardless of smoking history. In 83.2% of patients the procedure was performed without complications, the complications were: lingering cough (7.6%), respiratory failure (2.4%), major bleeding (3%), bronchospasm (0,9%), nausea or vomiting (0.9%), pneumothorax (0.3%), lack of cooperation (1.2%) and death (0.3%), without differences related to smoking nor technique. Despite no statistical differences, never smokers did not develop respiratory failure or bronchospasm related to technique, while 25% patients with smoking history developed respiratory failure and 9.4% bronchospasm.  Conclusions: In our series, smoking history was not related to high frequency of complications associated with bronchoscopy. However respiratory failure and bronchospasm appeared only in patients with smoking history.
Spirometric findings as predictors of survival
Authors: P. Lange
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>AIM</h3> To investigate the immunogenicity and safety of existing recommendations for hepatitis B vaccination in preterm infants. <h3>METHODS</h3> Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (H-B-VAX II, 5 μg per dose) was given to 85 preterm infants divided into two groups, using two different schedules. Forty four group A infants with birthweights of &lt; 2000 g received three doses at 1, 2, and 7 months of age. Forty one group B infants with birthweights of ⩾2000 g received three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months of age. <h3>RESULTS</h3> After vaccination, 42 infants from group A (95%) and 37 infants from group B (90%) developed protective levels of antibody. The final seropositive rate and the geometric mean concentration of hepatitis B surface antibody between the two groups were not significantly different. The immune response of preterm infants to hepatitis B vaccines was similar to that of term infants in a previous study. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Preterm infants can be given hepatitis B vaccines using one of the above two different schedules, at a cutoff birthweight of 2000 g.
Efficacy and Safety of Ixabepilone (BMS-247550) in a Phase II Study of Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer Resistant to an Anthracycline, a Taxane, and Capecitabine
Authors: Edith A. Perez, Guillermo Lerzo, Xavier Pivot, Eva Thomas, Linda Vahdat, Linda Bosserman, Patrice Viens, Can Cai, Brian Mullaney, Ronald Peck, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ixabepilone in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) resistant to anthracycline, taxane, and capecitabine, in this multicenter, phase II study.Patients with measurable disease who had tumor progression while receiving prior anthracycline, taxane, and capecitabine were enrolled. Ixabepilone 40 mg/m(2) monotherapy was administered as a 3-hour intravenous infusion on day 1 of a 21-day cycle. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR), assessed by an independent radiology facility (IRF).A total of 126 patients were treated and 113 were assessable for response. Patients were heavily pretreated: 88% had received at least two lines of prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. IRF-assessed ORR was 11.5% (95% CI, 6.3% to 18.9%) for response-assessable patients. Investigator-assessed ORR for all treated patients was 18.3% (95% CI, 11.9% to 26.1%). Fifty percent of patients achieved stable disease (SD); 14.3% achieved SD >or= 6 months. Median duration of response and progression-free survival were 5.7 and 3.1 months, respectively. Median overall survival was 8.6 months. Patients received a median of 4.0 treatment cycles (range, one to 16 cycles), and 25% of patients received >or= eight cycles. Grade 3/4 treatment-related events included peripheral sensory neuropathy (14%), fatigue/asthenia (13%), myalgia (8%), and stomatitis/mucositis (6%). Resolution of grade 3/4 peripheral sensory neuropathy occurred after a median period of 5.4 weeks.Ixabepilone demonstrated clear activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with MBC resistant to anthracycline, taxane, and capecitabine. Responses were durable and notable in patients who had not previously responded to multiple prior therapies.
Epigenetic Silencing of the Tetraspanin CD9 during Disease Progression in Multiple Myeloma Cells and Correlation with Survival
Authors: Elke De Bruyne, Tomas Jan Bos, Kewal Asosingh, Isabelle Vande Broek, Eline Menu, Els Van Valckenborgh, Peter Atadja, Valérie Coiteux, Xavier Leleu, Kris Thielemans, Ben Van Camp, Karin Vanderkerken, Ivan Van Riet
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate expression and epigenetic regulation of CD9 in multiple myeloma (MM) cells during disease progression. Experimental Design: CD9 expression was retrospectively analyzed on bone marrow myeloma samples from 81 patients by immunophenotyping. CD9 expression by murine 5TMM cells was detected by flow cytometric staining and quantitative PCR. The methylation status of the CD9 promoter was determined by bisulfite PCR sequencing. Results: Primary plasma cells in the majority of MM patients with nonactive disease (n = 28) showed CD9 expression, whereas most cases with active disease (n = 53) were CD9 negative. CD9 expression in diagnostic bone marrow samples (n = 74) correlated with survival. Moreover, CD9 expression on murine 5T33 and 5T2MM cells was significantly down-regulated during disease development. Treatment of CD9-nonexpressing 5T33MMvt cells with the clinically relevant histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 resulted in a significant increase in CD9 expression. In contrast, cells treated with the demethylation agent 5-aza-2′deoxycytidine barely showed any increase. A combination study with both compounds resulted in a strong synergistic reactivation of CD9. CD9-expressing 5T33MMvv cells and 5T33MMvt cells stably transduced with a mCD9 lentiviral transferplasmid were shown to be more susceptible to natural killer cell–mediated cytolysis than CD9-negative 5T33MMvt cells. Conclusions: CD9 expression correlates with disease status and survival of MM patients. In the murine 5T33MM model, we show that histone modifications, and to a lesser extent CpG methylation, are key epigenetic events in CD9 down-regulation. Furthermore, as CD9 expression becomes down-regulated, 5T33MM cells become less susceptible to natural killer cell–mediated cytolysis.