tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radial artery wall alterations in genetic hemochromatosis before and after iron depletion therapy
Authors: Monica Failla, Cristina Giannattasio, Alberto Piperno, Anna Vergani, Alessandra Grappiolo, Gaetano Gentile, Ester Meles, Giuseppe Mancia
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Iron overload is believed to have an adverse influence on the cardiovascular system and animal studies have shown that iron may be involved in the events that lead to atherosclerosis via an enhancement of smooth muscle cell proliferation, lipid oxidation, and free radical production. There are no data on the effect of iron overload on arterial structural and mechanical properties in humans. We measured wall thickness and distensibility (D) by ultrasonography of the radial artery in 12 patients with uncomplicated genetic hemochromatosis (GH) who were normotensive and without atherosclerotic plaques. Twelve age- and sex-matched patients were taken as controls. Nine patients were evaluated also after iron depletion. Wall thickness was greater in patients with GH than in controls (+50%, P <.01) whereas D was slightly reduced in the former group compared with the latter group, though the difference was not statistically significant. After iron depletion, a significant reduction of wall thickness and a significant increase in D were observed (-24% and +33%, P <.05 for both). Thus, in patients with hemochromatosis, arterial wall thickness is increased before the onset of cardiovascular complications. This alteration is reverted by iron depletion, which also can improve the initial and modest radial artery wall stiffening associated with this condition. Thus, functional and structural alterations in midsize muscle arteries may be an early abnormality of hemochromatosis.
Pathology of the Conduction System in Cardiac Rejection
Authors: CHARLES P. BIEBER, EDWARD B. STINSON, NORMAN E. SHUMWAY
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Correlation of electrocardiographic abnormalities occurring postoperatively with lesions of the conduction system found at autopsy was done in 20 dogs which had received cardiac homografts. The incidence of arrhythmias closely paralleled the severity of rejection injury found within the heart and specifically within the conduction system. Severe pathological changes in the conduction system (grade D) were uniformly associated with arrhythmias. These disturbances, as well as decrease in electrocardiographic voltage, have consistent anatomic correlates in acute rejection of cardiac homografts and are of primary importance in the clinical diagnosis of acute rejection.
The Etiological Role of Chronic Iron Deficiency in Production of Menorrhagia
Authors: Melvin L. Taymor, Somers H. Sturgis, Clement Yahia
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In 74 of 83 patients complaining of menorrhagia and having lowered serum iron levels and no demonstrable organic pathology, satisfactory responses to iron therapy alone were obtained. A high rate of organic pathology was discovered in those patients who failed to respond. In patients complaining of menorrhagia and being treated with iron irrespective of serum iron level, there was a decreased incidence of improvement when the initial serum iron levels were high. The presence or absence of menorrhagia correlated well with the level of tissue iron stores as noted by sternal marrow biopsy. In a double-blind placebo study, 75% of patients receiving iron described improvement in their menorrhagia as opposed to 32.5% of patients who improved on a placebo. It was concluded that chronic iron deficiency can be a cause as well as a result of menorrhagia.
"THE PRESCRIBING OF GLASSES": A DISCLAIMER
Authors: George S. Derby
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Mr. G. H. Aronsfeld of Galveston, Texas, has taken exception to a portion of my address before the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association (The Journal, July 26), in which I referred to an article in<i>Wellsworth</i>, October, 1923, depicting as good salesmanship a sale by Mr. Aronsfeld of expensive gold framed glasses to a patient who "looked to be an ordinary working man." I referred to this article as an example of the growing and unfortunate desire of a certain class of opticians to make sales of expensive glasses without regard to the needs and pocketbooks of their patients. Mr. Aronsfeld tells me that the article was not written by him and was incorrect, and that the patient to whom he sold the glasses in question asked for the best glasses possible and was able to afford them. I, of course, had no knowledge
New Classification of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Withdrawal
Authors: Guy Chouinard, Virginie-Anne Chouinard
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2015)

inal symptoms at the same intensity as before treatment, entailing a return of the same episode and a new episode of illness, respectively [6, 9] . When treatment with a CNS drug is discontinued, patients can experience classic new withdrawal symptoms, rebound and/or persistent postwithdrawal disorders, or relapse/recurrence of the original illness [6, 9, 14] . New and rebound symptoms can occur for up to 6 weeks after drug withdrawal, depending on the drug elimination half-life [2, 3] , while persistent postwithdrawal or tardive disorders associated with longlasting receptor changes may persist for more than 6 weeks after drug discontinuation. Initial withdrawal symptoms from CNS drugs have been reported to be more frequent and severe when high-potency drugs and drugs with a short elimination half-life have been used [9, 10] . CNS drugs with a shorter elimination half-life and rapid onset of action also carry a higher risk of dependency and high-dose use [9, 10] . Withdrawal symptoms can be relatively short-lasting, lasting for a few hours to a few weeks with complete recovery, while others may persist and last for several months [1, 15, 16] . Fava et al. [1] have proposed using the terminology ‘withdrawal syndrome’ to replace the term ‘discontinuation syndrome’, which has been most often used to describe SSRI withdrawal. They have recommended the Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used in clinical practice, and have advanced the treatment of depression and other mental disorders. However, more studies are needed on the effects of decreasing and discontinuing these medications after their long-term use [1] . Withdrawal symptoms may occur with all SSRIs and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) [1] , similarly to other CNS drugs, including benzodiazepines [2–4] and antipsychotics [5, 6] . Withdrawal from SSRIs and other CNS drugs produces psychiatric symptoms that can be confounded with true relapse or recurrence of the original illness [1, 2, 7] . When discontinuing or decreasing SSRIs, withdrawal symptoms must be identified to avoid prolonging treatment or giving unnecessarily high doses [6, 8] . Different types of syndromes have been described with the withdrawal from SSRIs and other CNS drug classes, including benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, antidepressants, opiates, barbiturates, and alcohol: (1) new withdrawal symptoms (classic withdrawal symptoms from CNS drugs) [1, 4–6, 9–12] , (2) rebound [2, 6, 9, 13–16] , and (3) persistent postwithdrawal disorders [7, 17, 18] ( table 1 ). These types of withdrawal need to be differentiated from relapse and recurrence of the original illness. Relapse and recurrence are the gradual return of the origReceived: October 12, 2014 Accepted after revision: January 6, 2015 Published online: February 21, 2015
Coca-Cola helps deliver essential drugs in Tanzania
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Millions of people in Tanzania have gained access to essential medical supplies through a partnership that harnessed the distribution expertise of the Coca-Cola company.

A partnership that includes the Tanzanian government, the Global Fund to Fight Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the soft drinks manufacturer said that it has given nearly 20 million people improved access to essential medical supplies such as drugs to treat AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria; condoms; and bed nets.

Other successes have included reducing the time it takes to deliver drugs to Tanzanian health facilities from 30 to five days; enabling the Tanzanian government to expand the …
Ikaros-Notch axis in host hematopoietic cells regulates experimental graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Tomomi Toubai, Yaping Sun, Isao Tawara, Ann Friedman, Chen Liu, Rebecca Evers, Evelyn Nieves, Chelsea Malter, Peter Chockley, Ivan Maillard, Susan Winandy, Pavan Reddy
Journal: Blood (2011)
MYOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS.
Authors: JOHN BRYANT
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Though myoma of the esophagus probably is not very rare, comparatively few cases have found their way into medical literature. That it is not common is shown by the fact that in the large number of autopsies recorded during the past five years at the Boston City Hospital, the Long Island Hospital and the Harvard Medical School, but two cases of myoma of the esophagus occur. On this account, it seems advisable to publish reports of these two cases and briefly to review those previously reported. <h3>Case 1.</h3> —A. J., male, aged 60, was admitted to the Long Island Hospital Nov. 22, 1902, in a moribund condition. Physical examination showed extreme cyanosis, edema of lower extremities, weak irregular heart sounds, and dullness with diminished breath sounds over both backs. The patient failed to respond to treatment and died at 2:35 a. m. November 23. <h3>Autopsy.</h3> —November 26, by Dr. G.
Intramyocardial variability in integrated backscatter: effects of coronary occlusion and reperfusion.
Authors: K B Sagar, T L Rhyne, D C Warltier, L Pelc, L S Wann
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The present study was undertaken to characterize regional myocardial alterations of reflected ultrasound during the cardiac cycle in normal, ischemic, and postischemic reperfused myocardium. Time-averaged integrated backscatter (IB) and cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation were measured from subepicardial, midmyocardial, and subendocardial regions of the left ventricular apex and the midportion of the right ventricular free wall under normal conditions (n = 5), after 1 hr of 100% acute left anterior descending (LAD) occlusion (n = 8), and after 15 min LAD occlusion plus 120 min reperfusion (n = 5) in anesthetized, ventilated open-chest dogs. A significant increase in time-averaged IB was observed in the subepicardium, the midmyocardium, and the subendocardium during ischemia and reperfusion, but there was no intramyocardial variability. Cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation of IB was significantly higher in the normal subendocardium than in the subepicardium (4.3 +/- 0.6 vs 2.9 +/- 0.8 dB, p less than .01) and midmyocardium (2.8 +/- .05 dB, p less than .01). This transmural gradient in amplitude modulation was abolished during ischemia and reperfusion. We conclude that cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation in IB has a transmural dependence in the normal myocardium and this is abolished during acute myocardial ischemia.
Serotonin Inhibits Voltage-Gated K <sup>+</sup> Currents in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Angel Cogolludo, Laura Moreno, Federica Lodi, Giovanna Frazziano, Laura Cobeño, Juan Tamargo, Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

Multiple lines of evidence indicate that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) and voltage-gated K + (K V ) channels play a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We hypothesized that 5-HT might modulate the activity of K V channels, therefore establishing a link between these pathogenetic factors in PH. Here, we studied the effects of 5-HT on K V channels present in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and on hK V 1.5 channels stably expressed in Ltk − cells. 5-HT reduced native K V and hK V 1.5 currents, depolarized cell membrane, and caused a contraction of isolated pulmonary arteries. The effects of 5-HT on K V currents and contraction were markedly prevented by the 5-HT 2A receptor antagonist ketanserin. Incubation with inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73122), classic protein kinase Cs (Gö6976), or tyrosine kinases (genistein and tyrphostin 23), the cholesterol depletion agent β-cyclodextrin or concanavalin A, an inhibitor of endocytotic processes, also prevented the effects of 5-HT. In homogenates from pulmonary arteries, 5-HT 2A receptors and caveolin-1 coimmunoprecipitated with K V 1.5 channels, and this was increased on stimulation with 5-HT. Moreover, K V 1.5 channels were internalized when cells were stimulated with 5-HT, and this was prevented by concanavalin A. These findings indicate that activation of 5-HT 2A receptors inhibits native K V and hK V 1.5 currents via phospholipase C, protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase, and a caveolae pathway. K V channel inhibition accounts, at least partly, for 5-HT-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and might play a role in PH.
Biomechanical and angiogenic properties of tissue-engineered rat trachea using genipin cross-linked decellularized tissue
Authors: Johannes Haag, Silvia Baiguera, Philipp Jungebluth, Daniel Barale, Costantino Del Gaudio, Francesca Castiglione, Alessandra Bianco, Camilla E. Comin, Domenico Ribatti, Paolo Macchiarini
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Do not go gentle into A&amp;E
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Faith, hope, and charity have been displaced utterly as desiderata these days by wealth, health, and safety; and of these safety is by far the greatest.

The extent to which this is the case was borne in on me recently during a visit to the Boat House, Dylan Thomas’s home in Laugharne on the Carmarthenshire coast. The house is now a museum, with a tea room and what is called “a themed bookshop.” A recording of Thomas’s voice booms out his poetry in his parlour eight hours a day, 350 days a year; what is wonderful for half an hour must turn hellish after a few days. I should think anyone who worked …
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Neutrophil Emigration during Acute Bacterial Pneumonia in Mice and Rats
Authors: Sadatomo Tasaka, Lan Qin, Ariko Saijo, Steven M. Albelda, Horace M. DeLisser, Claire M. Doerschuk
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) (CD31) is an adhesion molecule believed to mediate transendothelial migration of neutrophils and other leukocytes after CD11/CD18-mediated adhesion. Our study evaluated the role of PECAM-1 in neutrophil emigration across the pulmonary capillaries and the bronchial microvasculature using blocking anti–PECAM-1 antibodies in mice and rats. Neutrophil emigration was induced by Escherichia coli, a stimulus eliciting CD11/CD18-dependent emigration, or Streptococcus pneumoniae, a stimulus inducing CD11/CD18-independent emigration. Although anti–PECAM-1 antibodies partially inhibited glycogen-induced neutrophil emigration into the peritoneum, neutrophil emigration across either the pulmonary capillaries or the bronchial microvasculature in response to either E. coli or S. pneumoniae was not prevented when the function of PECAM-1 was inhibited in either mice or rats. There was also no increase in the number of intravascular neutrophils within the bronchial vessels after treatment with anti–PECAM-1 antibody. These studies indicate that either CD11/CD18-dependent or -independent adhesion pathways may lead to PECAM-1–independent transendothelial migration through the pulmonary or the bronchial endothelium.
Traffic of leukocytes and cytokine up-regulation in the central nervous system in sepsis
Authors: Clarissa M. Comim, Márcia C. Vilela, Larissa S. Constantino, Fabrícia Petronilho, Franciele Vuolo, Norinne Lacerda-Queiroz, David H. Rodrigues, João Luiz da Rocha, Antônio L. Teixeira, João Quevedo, Felipe Dal-Pizzol
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)
West Nile Virus: Epidemiology and Clinical Features of an Emerging Epidemic in the United States
Authors: Edward B. Hayes, Duane J. Gubler
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2005)

West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in North America in 1999 during an outbreak of encephalitis in New York City. Since then the virus has spread across North America and into Canada, Latin America, and the Caribbean. The largest epidemics of neuroinvasive WNV disease ever reported occurred in the United States in 2002 and 2003. This paper reviews new information on the epidemiology and clinical aspects of WNV disease derived from greatly expanded surveillance and research on WNV during the past six years.
Ultrasound and microbubble-assisted gene delivery in Achilles tendons: Long lasting gene expression and restoration of fibromodulin KO phenotype
Authors: Anthony Delalande, Ayache Bouakaz, Gilles Renault, Flore Tabareau, Spiros Kotopoulis, Patrick Midoux, Brigitte Arbeille, Rustem Uzbekov, Shukti Chakravarti, Michiel Postema, Chantal Pichon
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Cordocentesis and Fetuses That Are Small for Gestational Age
Authors: Peter W. Soothill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Prenatal events have important implications for health in childhood and adult life. Newborns whose birth weights are low for their gestational age are at much greater risk for a wide range of problems: in the perinatal period, stillbirth, asphyxia during delivery, and neonatal complications1; in childhood, impaired neurologic development2 and cerebral palsy3; and in adulthood, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease4. Some of the mystery of fetal life has been dispelled during the past two to three decades by the use of three techniques. Ultrasound imaging makes it possible to observe fetal structure (to detect malformations) . . .
The John Phillips Memorial Lecture: Dyssplenism and the Organ of Mystery.
Authors: Carl V. Moore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The John Phillips Memorial Lecture: Dyssplenism and the Organ of Mystery.Carl V. Moore, M.D., F.A.C.P.Carl V. Moore, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-775_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSplenic function is only partially understood but includes:[1] Role in blood formation. In fetal life, in diseases characterized by extramedullary hematopoiesis, and constantly in certain animals, all cellular elements of the blood are made in the spleen.[2] Role in sequestration and destruction of blood cells— abnormal cells in a normally functioning spleen versus normal cells in an abnormally functioning spleen. Metabolic changes incident to sequestration, as well as phagocytosis, probably contribute to the destruction.[3] Role in antibody production. Three immunocompetent cells are produced: plasma cells, lymphocytes, and reticulum cells. In immunologic disorders the antibodies they produce may... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Carl V. Moore, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: St. Louis, Mo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 775-775KeywordsAntibody responseBloodBlood cellsCellsHematopoiesisLymphocytesPhagocytosisPlasma cellsSpleen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
MTERF1 Binds mtDNA to Prevent Transcriptional Interference at the Light-Strand Promoter but Is Dispensable for rRNA Gene Transcription Regulation
Authors: Mügen Terzioglu, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Julia Harmel, Arnaud Mourier, Elisabeth Jemt, Marcela Dávila López, Christian Kukat, James B. Stewart, Rolf Wibom, Caroline Meharg, Bianca Habermann, Maria Falkenberg, Claes M. Gustafsson, Chan Bae Park, Nils-Göran Larsson
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)
Bronchial gland histochemistry in lungs removed for cancer.
Authors: W De Poitiers, P W Lord, B Biles, W F Whimster
Journal: Thorax (1980)

The bronchial glands in the main bronchus and succeeding generations of the inferior lingular airway have ben studied in 10 left lungs removed surgically for lung cancer. The ratios of sulphated to sialidated mucin found did not coincide with previous results and suggested that this is not a useful measurement for the assessment of cigarette smoke or other inhaled pollutants. The total acid mucin, measured as a percentage of bronchial gland present, showed the same trends as previously reported--namely, more storage of mucin in non-smokers and in more distal generations. The large dose of cigarettes smoked by the patients in the present series was reflected by a lower level of acid mucin storage, and this measure is potentially useful for assessing exposure to cigarette smoke and other inhaled pollutants. The percentages of mucous and serous cells in successive generations of an airway are recorded for the first time in these smokers and in a "normal" postmortem specimen. The results suggest that similar proportions of mucous and serous cells exist in both large and small airways, but with a tendency in the smokers for more mucous cells in the more distal generations.
Racial differences in responses to thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. Increased fibrin(ogen)olysis in blacks. The Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction Study Group.
Authors: D C Sane, D C Stump, E J Topol, K N Sigmon, W K Clair, D J Kereiakes, B S George, M F Stoddard, E R Bates, R S Stack
Journal: Circulation (1991)

To determine whether there are differences in responses to thrombolytic therapy in certain populations, the data for the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (phase 1) study were analyzed for black and white patients. Baseline variables including risk factors and extent of coronary artery disease were similar in the 352 white and 24 black patients. The time from onset of chest pain to recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy and rt-PA dosing regimens were the same in the two groups. The patency rate of the infarct-related artery at 90 minutes was 91% for blacks and was 72% for whites (p = 0.051). Blacks displayed significantly lower nadir fibrinogen levels (0.57 +/- 0.62 versus 1.3 +/- 0.76 g/l, p less than 0.0001), greater delta fibrinogen (baseline-nadir) (2.7 +/- 1.1 versus 1.7 +/- 1.1 g/l, p less than 0.0001), and increased peak levels of fibrin(ogen) degradation products (837 +/- 865 versus 245 +/- 475 micrograms/ml, p less than 0.0001). rt-PA antigen levels tended to be higher in blacks than in whites (2.8 +/- 2.2 versus 2.2 +/- 3.2 micrograms/ml [p = 0.10] at the peak and 1.6 +/- 1.3 versus 0.99 +/- 1.4 micrograms/ml [p = 0.06] at the end of the maintenance infusion). Major clinical outcomes including survival until time of hospital discharge (92% black versus 93% white, p = 0.68) were not significantly different. However, despite undergoing fewer angioplasty procedures (25% versus 46.3%, p = 0.047), blacks received more transfusions (58.8% versus 19.5% were administered greater than or equal to 2 units packed erythrocytes, p = 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)