tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Hemoglobin Vesicles During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Priming Prevents Neurocognitive Decline in Rats
Authors: Masataka Yamazaki, Ryo Aeba, Ryohei Yozu, Koichi Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Homologous blood use is considered to be the gold standard for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) priming in infants despite exposure of the patient to potential cellular and humoral antigens. However, the use of hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs), artificial oxygen carriers that encapsulate a concentrated hemoglobin solution within phospholipid bilayer membranes, for CPB priming may prevent neurocognitive decline in infants. The goal of this study was to determine whether HbV use offsets hemodilution caused by patient/priming volume-mismatched CPB and thereby prevents the development of postoperative neurocognitive deficits.CPB was established in 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats (age, 14 to 16 weeks; weight, 450 grams) after cannulation of the tail artery and right atrium. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: sham surgery (n=9), HbV (-) prime (n=10), or HbV (+) prime (n=9). CPB was conducted for 90 minutes at 200 mL/kg per minute. The hematocrit during CPB was 10.0+/-1.2% in the HbV (+) prime group and 9.9+/-1.3% in the HbV (-) prime group (P=not significant). Learning and memory function were evaluated using 2 different maze tests (Maze-1 and Maze-2, in which the arrival times to the target were measured on the first, third, fifth, and seventh postoperative days). Learning and memory function were significantly better in the HbV (+) prime group than in the HbV (-) prime group (Maze-1, P=0.012; Maze-2, P=0.042); there was no difference between the HbV (+) prime and the sham surgery group.The use of HbV for CPB priming may serve as a substitute for homologous blood to prevent the unacceptable hemodilution and contribute to maintenance of intact neurocognitive function.
Semantic cognition or data mining?
Authors: Denny Borsboom, Ingmar Visser
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract We argue that neural networks for semantic cognition, as proposed by Rogers &amp; McClelland (R&amp;M), do not acquire semantics and therefore cannot be the basis for a theory of semantic cognition. The reason is that the neural networks simply perform statistical categorization procedures, and these do not require any semantics for their successful operation. We conclude that this has severe consequences for the semantic cognition views of R&amp;M.
Abdominal Mass in the Newborn Infant
Authors: C. Everett Koop
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

ABDOMINAL masses (Table 1) are not uncommon in newborn infants. They can be found in association with any organ system and frequently are of a variety not encountered in older patients or even in older children. Fortunately, malignant tumors are quite uncommon. Most of these lesions should be surgically extirpated, but several abdominal masses that occur in the newborn period should not be operated upon under the usual circumstances if diagnosed accurately beforehand (cyst of the spleen, adrenal hemorrhage and subcapsular hematoma of liver or spleen). There is honest difference of opinion concerning the operative management of another mass lesion . . .
Diabetes Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Vietnamese Adults: Findings From Community-Based Screening Programs
Authors: Ngoc Minh Pham, Karen Eggleston
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Worldwide diabetes prevalence is projected to increase from 8.3% (382 million adults) in 2013 to 8.8% (592 million adults) by 2035 (1), with more than 80% of cases in low- and middle-income countries. Consistent with this global trend, estimated prevalence of diabetes in Vietnam has risen from 2.9% in 2010 (2) to 5.4% in 2013 (1). However, these estimates derive from studies of hospital admissions or small samples and underrepresent Vietnam’s large rural population. We contribute to the literature by estimating the prevalence of diabetes and exploring its determinants using data from 2011–2013 community diabetes screening programs among adults in rural and urban areas of northern Vietnam.

Eligible residents were nonpregnant individuals aged 30–69 years, with at least one risk factor for diabetes verified by physicians. Anthropometry and blood pressure were measured, and lifestyle factors were ascertained …
TCTAP A-164 Impact of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on 12-month Chronic Total Occlusion Outcomes in Patients with New Onset Heart Failure
Authors: Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Yoonjee Park, Akkala Raghavender Goud, Hu Li, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Leukemia Cluster in Niles, Ill.
Authors: Steven O. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Eight cases of childhood leukemia were diagnosed in a small community. Blood was obtained from members of these and four other leukemic patients' families. The sera were tested for antibodies to leukemic antigens. Antibodies were present in one to three members of every family. Positive reactors most often were the mother or a sibling closest in age to the patient with leukemia. Antibodies were not found in control sera or in patients with leukemia. We interpret these findings to mean that exposure to leukemogenic viruses leads to the formation of antibodies in some and leukemia in others. Not all those who fail to develop<i>demonstrable</i>antibodies develop leukemia, which suggests that present techniques of demonstrating the antibodies may be inadequate. The absence of antibodies in patients with leukemia is, on the other hand, thought to be part of the disease syndrome.
Abstract 3248: New inhibitors of the Shp2 phosphatase
Authors: Harsukh Gevariya, Emmanuel D. Ortiz, Liwei Chen, Kenyon Daniel, Harshani R. Lawrence, Wayne C. Guida, Said M. Sebti, Jie Wu, Nicholas J. Lawrence
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Shp2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) mediates signal transduction of growth factor receptors and regulates cellular activities critical to tumor growth and metastasis. In the basal state, the interactions between the N-SH2 and PTP domains keep the phosphatase in an auto inhibited closed conformation. Upon growth factor or cytokine stimulation, the SH2 domains of Shp2 binds to tyrosine phosphorylated docking proteins such as Gab1 and Gab2, which activates Src, Ras, and the Erk1/2 (Erk) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. Shp2 gain-of-function mutations are found in leukemias and solid tumors and are linked to Noonan syndrome. Although Shp2 is involved in pathogenesis of human cancers, it is not clear how Shp2 mediates tumorigenesis. Shp2 is therefore believed to be an important enzyme for targeted cancer therapy. Since no potent and selective Shp2 PTP inhibitor is currently available for chemical biology studies and experimental therapy, we and others have been actively engaged in the search for such agents. In our continuing efforts to develop potent and selective Shp2 inhibitors to serve as both chemical probes to further our understanding of the role and signaling mechanisms of Shp2 in human diseases and as potential drugs for cancer therapy. We will report the screening of a focused library of a set of commercially available salicylic acid derivatives using the in vitro DIFMUP phosphatase assay for their ability to inhibit the Shp2 phosphatase domain. Activity of hits was confirmed using the Biomol Green assay to determine inhibition of dephosphorylation of a Shp2 peptide substrate derived from EphR. One such hit was a thiazole containing salicylic acid that inhibits Shp2 with an IC50 (DIFMUP) of 100 µM. We will report the design and synthesis of salicylic acid libraries along with their benzoic acid counterparts. The most potent compound to date is HM2-08-4 which has an IC50 (DIFMUP) 1.1 µM. Emerging structure-activity relationships as well as modeling and X-ray studies will be discussed. The preliminary use of selected compounds as tools to probe the pharmacological inhibition of Shp2 and elucidate its role in cancer will be described. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3248. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3248
Clot-selective coronary thrombolysis with pro-urokinase.
Authors: J Loscalzo, T P Wharton, J M Kirshenbaum, H J Levine, J T Flaherty, E J Topol, K Ramaswamy, B D Kosowsky, D N Salem, P Ganz
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Recognition that myocardial infarction is caused by coronary thrombosis has stimulated a search for a safe, rapidly acting, and effective thrombolytic regimen. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) can provide relatively clot-selective thrombolysis, but one quarter of patients fail to achieve reperfusion, lysis speed is not optimal, and higher doses have been associated with an increased incidence of hemorrhagic stroke. We report the results of a multicenter study of pro-urokinase, a second naturally occurring plasminogen activator that has structural similarities to t-PA but has a different mechanism of action. Pro-urokinase was administered 3.9 +/- 1.1 hours after the onset of chest pain to 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction with angiographically confirmed complete coronary occlusion (TIMI grade 0). After a 90-minute intravenous infusion of pro-urokinase (4.7-9 million units, 36-69 mg) 51% (20 of 39) of the patients demonstrated reperfusion (TIMI grade 2 or 3) occurring 64.8 +/- 22.3 minutes after initiation of therapy. Fibrinogen levels fell only 10 +/- 17% from baseline, confirming the fibrin specificity of pro-urokinase. As with t-PA, however, this specificity was only relative. alpha 2-Antiplasmin decreased to 39% and plasminogen decreased to 64% of initial values. Fibrinogen degradation products increased 63% and the fibrin-specific D-dimer increased 8.7-fold. Thus, pro-urokinase produces relatively clot-selective coronary thrombolysis similar to that produced by t-PA, but the use of either pro-urokinase or t-PA alone in higher doses would be likely to produce more nonspecific effects.
Involvement of the fractalkine pathway in the pathogenesis of childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: María Victoria Ramos, Gabriela C. Fernández, Natasha Patey, Pablo Schierloh, Ramón Exeni, Irene Grimoldi, Graciela Vallejo, Christian Elías-Costa, Maria del Carmen Sasiain, Howard Trachtman, Christophe Combadière, François Proulx, Marina S. Palermo
Journal: Blood (2006)
COMMON GROUND OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY.
Authors: JOSEPH ROACH
Journal: JAMA (1896)

At the outstart, definitions are necessary, and it is well to state, that the term medicine includes all that the average practitioner would expect to do, who did not think of establishing himself in any one of the numberless so-called specialties of medicine. For convenience, I will call dentistry one of these specialties, although it might be shown, that it is so distinct and so peculiar as to make it well nigh a thing by itself and difficult to place with any of the specialties. If it be surgery, many operations consist in cutting out decayed parts in an organ so constituted that it has of itself no power to make use of the vis medicatrix naturæ, found in other organs and tissues, and with filling the same with some foreign material. The sole use of that material is to prevent further progress of the disease and to serve as
Abnormalities in membrane phospholipid organization in sickled erythrocytes.
Authors: B Lubin, D Chiu, J Bastacky, B Roelofsen, L L Van Deenen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

In contrast to the wealth of information concerning membrane phospholipid asymmetry in normal human erythrocytes, very little is known about membrane phospholipid organization in pathologic erythrocytes. Since the spectrin-actin lattice, which has been suggested to play an important role in stabilizing membrane phospholipid asymmetry, is abnormal in sickled erythrocytes, we determined the effects of sickling on membrane phospholipid organization. We used two enzymatic probes: been venom phospholipase A2 and Staphylococcus aureus sphingomyelinase C, which do not penetrate the membrane and react only with phospholipids located in the outer leaflet of the bilayer. Our results suggest that the distribution of glycerophospholipids within the membrane of sickled cells is different from that in nonsickled cells. Compared with the normal erythrocyte, the outer membrane leaflet of the deoxygenated, reversibly sickled cells (RSC) and irreversibly sickled cells (ISC) was enriched in phosphatidyl ethanolamine in addition to containing phosphatidyl serine. These changes were compensated for by a decrease in phosphatidyl choline in that layer. The distribution of sphingomyelin over the two halves of the bilayer was unaffected by sickling. In contrast to ICS, where the organization of phospholipids was abnormal under both oxy and deoxy conditions, reoxygenation of RSC almost completely restored the organization of membrane phospholipids to normal. These results indicate that the process of sickling induces an abnormality in the organization of membrane phospholipids to normal. These results indicate that the process of sickling induces an abnormality in the organization of membrane lipids in RSC which become permanent in ISC.
Phenformin and Stanozolol in Blood Fibrinolytic Activity
Authors: G. R. Fearnley
Journal: BMJ (1970)

almost without exception these departments were barely able to cope with their present work-load.To deal with the extra examina- tions at present made by one mobile x- ray unit much additional x-ray equipment and staff would be required.The mass radiography service should be kept under review to ensure that the best use is made of equipment and staff, but decisions as to its future must depend upon adequate consultation with those running the units and those responsible for the individual hospital radiographic departments in the area.It can only be by such consultation that an efficient chest x-ray service will be provided.-Iam, etc.,
Restoring Antitumor Immunity via PD-1 Blockade After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Eric D. Jacobsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.51.7680 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print October 14, 2013 PMID: 24127445 Restoring Antitumor Immunity via PD-1 Blockade After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Eric D. JacobsenxEric D. JacobsenSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.51.7680 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2013 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
It was J. Marion Sims.
Authors: W. B. Atkinson
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Philadelphia, July 7,1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In an article by Dr. R. H. Dalton, published in theJournal, Dec. 23, 1893,I find Dr. Marion Sims called Francis Marion Sims, "named after General Francis Marion of the Revolution." Now in the "Physicians and Surgeons of the United States," page 48, you will find the name is J. Marion Sims, and as the data for this sketch came to me from Dr. Sims and was revised by him, it undoubtedly is correct. This may be a trifle,but for the sake of future history it is better to make the correction. Yours truly,
Abstract 538: IGF2 role in trastuzumab-resistance in JIMT-1 cells.
Authors: Xousaen M. Helu, Daisy D. De Leon
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. Overexpression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) is detected in 20-30% of breast cancers. Overexpression of HER2 is linked to poor prognosis, more aggressive phenotype, and resistance to chemotherapy and hormonal treatment. HER2 is part of a four member family of cell surface receptors that are implicated in transmission of signals controlling cell growth and differentiation. HER2 has an intracellular domain with tyrosine kinase catalytic activity. Dimerization of HER2 activates the MAP kinase and AKT pathways. HER2 receptor also heterodimerizes with the IGF1 receptor in trastuzumab-resistant cell lines. The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) has an important role in fetal and cancer development signaling through the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), the insulin receptor (InsR), and cross-talk with the estrogen receptor alpha and beta (ERα, ERß). We hypothesize that IGF2 mediates trastuzumab-resistance in JIMT-1 cell line. IGF2 mRNA and protein levels were determined in trastuzumab-sensitive cell lines (BT474, SKBR3, and ZR 75-30) and trastuzumab-resistant cell line (JIMT-1) by qPCR and Western blot. We also analyzed the effect of IGF2 inhibition treatment on the phosphorylation levels of HER2. Our study showed that IGF2 increases in trastuzumab-resistant cell line, JIMT-1. Furthermore, inhibition of IGF2 decreases JIMT-1 cell viability compared to control and renders cells sensitive to trastuzumab. These findings provide a potential therapy target for trastuzumab-resistant breast cancers. Citation Format: Xousaen M. Helu, Daisy D. De Leon. IGF2 role in trastuzumab-resistance in JIMT-1 cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 538. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-538
Detection of TIMI-3 Flow Before Mechanical Reperfusion With Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization in Patients With Anterior Wall Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Katsuomi Iwakura, Hiroshi Ito, Shigeo Kawano, Atsushi Okamura, Katsuaki Asano, Tadashi Kuroda, Koji Tanaka, Tohru Masuyama, Masatsugu Hori, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Spontaneous coronary reperfusion with TIMI-3 flow is associated with favorable clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated the ability of analyzing cardiac cycle-dependent variation of myocardial integrated backscatter (IBS) for predicting spontaneous reperfusion in anterior AMI.We recorded IBS images on admission in 104 patients with first anterior wall AMI and subsequently performed coronary angiography and coronary intervention. We measured the cyclic variation of IBS within the infarct zone and expressed its magnitude as phase-corrected magnitude (PCM) by giving positive and negative values when it showed synchronous and asynchronous contraction, respectively. Twenty-three patients showing TIMI-3 flow at the initial coronary angiography had smaller peak creatine kinase value than 57 patients with initial TIMI-0/1 flow (864+/-961 versus 2358+/-1757 IU/L; P=0.0002) and better percent wall thickening within risk area (36.1+/-15.1%) than those with TIMI-2 (16.7+/-12.8%, P<0.0001) or TIMI-0/1 (5.1+/-11.6, P<0.0001). The patients with initial TIMI-3 had higher PCM (2.7+/-1.3 dB) than those with TIMI-2 (-0.3+/-2.2 dB, P<0.0001) or those with TIMI-0/1 (-1.1+/-2.4 dB, P<0.0001). Using PCM=1.0 dB as the cutoff point, PCM detected TIMI-3 flow with 95.7% sensitivity and 90.1% specificity. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that only PCM is an independent predictor for spontaneous reperfusion among the hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic variables.Analysis of myocardial IBS could detect spontaneous reperfusion noninvasively in the emergent stage of anterior AMI.
Survival Rates of Patients Treated by Home and Hospital Dialysis and Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
Authors: J. F. Moorhead, R. A. Baillod, J. P. Hopewell, A. H. Knight, R. E. Crockett, O. N. Fernando, Z. Varghese
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Of 109 patients admitted to the renal failure programme of the Royal Free Hospital 80·7% were surviving after six years. For patients on home dialysis the four-year rate was 86·2%, more deaths occurring in women than in men. The short-term survival rate of all patients was high—namely, 96·3% at six months and 94·4% at 12 months. Hence large increases in the rate of acceptance of patients as well as successful transplantation are necessary to balance acceptance and loss from this programme.
Getting the<i>British Journal of Sports Medicine</i>to developing countries
Authors: P McCrory
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Warm upJust back from the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) meeting in Baltimore.The meeting once again lived up to its pre-conference hype.To attend such a conference is an eye opener.Every young sports medicine practitioner should make the eVort at least once.I am sure the Americans must have some supercomputer tucked away to deal with a meeting matrix of such complexity that requires 25 concurrent sessions running at any one time.The highlight was probably the presidential keynote address on the history of medicine in space.Using more computer technology than the Apollo 11 moon landing, this talk dazzled the audience with three simultaneous data projectors, movie animation, voice overs, and sound bites from the music of the era.I pity the person designated to give the keynote at the next meeting in St Louis.How could you possibly top that performance?One pleasing aspect is the ever increasing non-American contingent that attends this meeting.Compared with my first ACSM conference more than 10 years ago, the change is spectacular.I can well remember in Dallas (ACSM 1992) only two sports medicine clinicians from Australia preaching to the masses of sceptical Americans.I seriously believe that they thought we were actually from Austria and were surprised that we spoke English!Now the non-American attendees number in the thousands.It is increasingly obvious that as more of the sports medicine organisations from around the world sponsor lectures and symposiums at this meeting, so the Americans are introduced to ideas and concepts that challenge their insular view of the world.This can only be to the advantage of all.It was impressive to see that the British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine lecture this year was
A Remotely Programmable Insulin Delivery System
Authors: David S. Schade
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A remotely controlled, programmable insulin delivery system was implanted in a diabetic man and the feasibility of the technique was examined. Specific problems included (1) development of an appropriate surgical approach, (2) identification of methods to assess the integrity of the insulin delivery system following implantation, and (3) assessment of plasma glucose and free-insulin profiles obtained with the implanted system. The insulin pump was implanted submuscularly through a midline abdominal incision. The insulin reservoir was placed subcutaneously to allow percutaneous refilling. The insulin delivery catheter terminated in the peritoneal space. No postoperative wound infection occurred and rapid healing of the surgical site ensued. In vivo assessment of the system included (1) dye contrast roentgenography, (2) vasopressin stimulation, and (3) reservoir volume monitoring. Short-acting insulin was then placed in the implanted reservoir and delivered by the system for one month. Mean plasma glucose concentration declined to normal levels, as did glycosylated hemoglobin. Plasma insulin profiles were normalized with appropriate insulin peaks with each meal. We conclude that implantation of a remotely programmable insulin pump is feasible in type I diabetic man. Additional studies are necessary to define which patients will benefit from this type of insulin delivery system. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1848-1853)