tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
REACTIONS TO MUSIC OF AUTISTIC (SCHIZOPHRENIC) CHILDREN
Authors: ALBERT C. SHERWIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

Reactions to music of 3 autistic children, 2 of them identical twins, were studied. There is considerable evidence that unique musical reactions constitute a general finding in autistic children. Investigations on 3 autistic children indicate that musical reactions are intimately bound with psychopathology; that reactions consist of a preoccupation and unusual absorption in music, a rote memory for melodies, a preference for singing over speech, a use of singing occasionally as a communicative means but more generally as an expression of an emotional state, and a response to music heard with rhythmical motions and easing of anxiety. There was also some evidence that improvement was associated with a decrease in intensity of interest in music. The possibility that the investigation of such musical reactions might provide further clues to the psychopathology involved, as well as new leads for therapeutic approaches, was discussed. These preliminary findings indicate a need for further investigation of an important feature in the clinical picture of infantile autism, namely, the reaction to music. Such study might well lead to further understanding of the condition. Determination of exact differences in the reaction of autistic children to music and the reactions of normal children would seem an important part of such a study. The possibility of a therapeutic application of music is suggested, but any statement as to its efficacy would be premature.
Do doctors accurately assess coronary risk in their patients? Preliminary results of the coronary health assessment study
Authors: S. A Grover, I. Lowensteyn, K. L Esrey, Y. Steinert, L. Joseph, M. Abrahamowicz
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To evaluate the ability of doctors in primary care to assess risk patients9 risk of coronary heart disease. <b>Design</b>: Questionnaire survey. <b>Setting</b>: Continuing medical education meetings, Ontario and Quebec, Canada. <b>Subjects</b>: Community based doctors who agreed to enrol in the coronary health assessment study. <b>Main outcome measure</b>: Ratings of coronary risk factors and estimates by doctors of relative and absolute coronary risk of two hypothetical patients and the "average" 40 year old Canadian man and 70 year old Canadian woman. <b>Results</b>: 253 doctors answered the questionnaire. For 30 year olds the doctors rated cigarette smoking as the most important risk factor and raised serum triglyceride concentrations as the least important; for 70 year old patients they rated diabetes as the most important risk factor and raised serum triglyceride concentrations as the least important. They rated each individual risk factor as significantly less important for 70 year olds than for 30 year olds (all risk factors, P&lt;0.001). They showed a strong understanding of the relative importance of specific risk factors, and most were confident in their ability to estimate coronary risk. While doctors accurately estimated the relative risk of a specific patient (compared with the average adult) they systematically overestimated the absolute baseline risk of developing coronary disease and the risk reductions associated with specific interventions. <b>Conclusions</b>: Despite guidelines on targeting patients at high risk of coronary disease accurate assessment of coronary risk remains difficult for many doctors. Additional strategies must be developed to help doctors to assess better their patients9 coronary risk. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages This study shows that doctors in primary care accurately assess the relative risk of coronary disease in individual patients They systematically overestimate, however, the absolute risk of coronary disease in individual patients Doctors in primary care also overestimate the absolute benefits of modification of coronary risk factors including lowering lipid concentration, control of blood pressure, and stopping smoking Additional strategies must be found to improve the skills in risk assessment among doctors in primary care to support their clinical decision making in individual patients
An MRI Study of Increased Cortical Thickness in Autism
Authors: Antonio Y. Hardan, Sri Muddasani, Madhuri Vemulapalli, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Nancy J. Minshew
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

The purpose of this study was to examine cortical thickness in autism in light of the postmortem evidence of cortical abnormalities of the disorder.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired from 17 children with autism and 14 healthy comparison subjects, and sulcal and gyral thickness were measured for the total brain and for all lobes.Increases in total cerebral sulcal and gyral thickness were observed in children with autism relative to comparison subjects. Similar findings were noted in the temporal and parietal lobes but not in the frontal and occipital lobes.These preliminary findings indicate that increased cortical thickness may contribute to the increased gray matter volume and total brain size that have been observed in autism and may also be related to anomalies in cortical connectivity.
Sickle-cell Trait in Africans
Authors: H. Foy, A. Kondi
Journal: BMJ (1952)

Because of the present high cost of producing the Journal, and the great pressure on our space, correspondents are asked to keep their letters short.Anatomical Nomenclature SIR,-At the International Congress of Anatomists held at Oxford in the summer of 1950 it was resolved to set up a committee, comprising three members from each of the countries (or groups of countries) represented, to make recommendations to the Congress to be held in 1955 in France for the establishment of an agreed international anatomical nomenclature.
Persistent glue ear in children.
Authors: A F Bisset
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Persistent glue ear in children EDITOR,-In the editorial on treating persistent glue ear in children Ruut A De Melker frequently refers to the recent Effective Health Care bulletin."Regrettably, the bulletin is filled with inconsistencies and factual errors.The authors draw attention to what seems to be a large regional variation between rates of surgical treatment for glue ear.They do not use actual figures specific to treatment of that condition alone but figures derived from data from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys to which a correction based on figures from the Yorkshire region has been applied.Anyone dealing with such figures will know of the enormous variation in coding practice in different areas.The accuracy of data must be suspected when the same document reports that 22% of tonsillectomies in the York- shire region are performed as day case procedures.No surgeons in the Yorkshire region perform tonsillectomy as a day case procedure.If there is a regional variation in the rate of treatment for glue ear need this to be a sign that overtreatment occurs in some areas?I have held posts in the north of England, East Anglia, and the west of Scotland and have gained a strong clinical impression of wide regional variations in many conditions of the respiratory tract.The authors of the bulletin reject one large controlled trial that compared the effects of different treatments applied to each ear, one ear serving as the other's control.The reasons given for rejecting this paper are that the brain may compensate for poor hearing by enhancing hearing in the treated ear, resulting in an overestimate of the likely effects of treating both ears.This is an interesting theory, but the authors can supply no evidence for it.Having rejected much of the litera- ture because of faults found in the methodology, the authors focus their attention on three relatively small clincial trials.One of these has not yet been published, so people are unable to satisfy them- selves that its design is appropriate.The bulletin is not a wide ranging, objective, scientific review as De Melker would have us believe.I recommend that anyone interested in glue ear should read it, but carefully.
P2-059: Detections and identifications of the histopathological differentiation-specific proteins due to Ettan DIGE analysis of non small cell lung cancer
Authors: Masakazu Kojika, Hiroaki Kataba, Jun Matubayashi, Yunbo Gong, Ran Guo, Hiromi Serizawa, Kiyoshi Mukai, Harubumi Kato
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Noncovalent Wild-type–Sparing Inhibitors of EGFR T790M
Authors: Ho-June Lee, Gabriele Schaefer, Timothy P. Heffron, Lily Shao, Xiaofen Ye, Steve Sideris, Shiva Malek, Emily Chan, Mark Merchant, Hank La, Savita Ubhayakar, Robert L. Yauch, Valentina Pirazzoli, Katerina Politi, Jeff Settleman
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

Abstract Approximately half of EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with small-molecule EGFR kinase inhibitors develop drug resistance associated with the EGF receptor (EGFR) T790M “gatekeeper” substitution, prompting efforts to develop covalent EGFR inhibitors, which can effectively suppress EGFR T790M in preclinical models. However, these inhibitors have yet to prove clinically efficacious, and their toxicity in skin, reflecting activity against wild-type EGFR, may limit dosing required to effectively suppress EGFR T790M in vivo. While profiling sensitivity to various kinase inhibitors across a large cancer cell line panel, we identified indolocarbazole compounds, including a clinically well-tolerated FLT3 inhibitor, as potent and reversible inhibitors of EGFR T790M that spare wild-type EGFR. These findings show the use of broad cancer cell profiling of kinase inhibitor efficacy to identify unanticipated novel applications, and they identify indolocarbazole compounds as potentially effective EGFR inhibitors in the context of T790M-mediated drug resistance in NSCLC. Significance: EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients who respond to currently used EGFR kinase inhibitors invariably develop drug resistance, which is associated with the EGFR T790M resistance mutation in about half these cases. We unexpectedly identified a class of reversible potent inhibitors of EGFR T790M that do not inhibit wild-type EGFR, revealing a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome T790M-associated drug-resistant lung cancers. Cancer Discov; 3(2); 168–81. ©2012 AACR. See related commentary by Brewer and Pao, p. 138 This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 125
Contact Tracing to Control the Spread of HIV
Authors: Thomas M. Vernon
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Thank you for publishing the excellent description by Wykoff et al<sup>1</sup>of the successful use of contact tracing in the prevention of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The South Carolina state health department group reported substantial changes in the sexual behavior of homosexual men who were located and educated. Not only did the process work well, but two measurable outcomes were clearly beneficial. Among the persons counseled, both the mean numbers of sexual contacts and the use of condoms were notably changed following the counseling. By almost any criteria, their intervention was a successful one: (1) a large number of partners were located and counseled—though certainly not all; (2) individuals not previously diagnosed were found to be infected, including two female contacts of a bisexual man; and (3) the intervention benefited homosexual men and their partners who had not previously been influenced by general educational messages about safer
AN IMPROVED ELECTROTHERMAL INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING THE SURFACE TEMPERATURE
Authors: W. J. Merle Scott
Journal: JAMA (1930)

In recent years a much more hopeful attitude has come into the literature concerning vascular diseases in the extremities.<sup>1</sup>One of the important factors in this has been the recognition of vasospasm as a significant, often the decisive, element in many local circulatory disturbances. In the conservative therapy of those vascular diseases that lead to gangrene the central problem is terminal nutrition, the blood supply to the distal part of the extremity. Consequently, today in studying such conditions it becomes of paramount importance to determine not only the presence or absence of vascular spasm and occlusion but also the relative contributions of each to the circulatory deficiency in the extremity. The latter is now possible. Paralysis of the sympathetic innervation of the part temporarily overcomes vasospasm.<sup>2</sup>In individuals with normal blood vessels such regional paralysis or a general anesthesia abolishes the vasoconstrictor gradient and all areas of the
The regulation of integrin-mediated osteoblast focal adhesion and focal adhesion kinase expression by nanoscale topography
Authors: Jung Yul Lim, Andrea D. Dreiss, Zhiyi Zhou, Joshua C. Hansen, Christopher A. Siedlecki, Robert W. Hengstebeck, Juan Cheng, Nicholas Winograd, Henry J. Donahue
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)
ACP Honorary Fellowship Lecture: The Renin-Angiotensin System and Hypertension.
Authors: Franz Gross
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971ACP Honorary Fellowship Lecture: The Renin-Angiotensin System and Hypertension.Franz Gross, F.A.C.P. (Hon.)Franz Gross, F.A.C.P. (Hon.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-843_7 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAny discussion of the significance of the renin-angiotensin system for the pathogenesis of experimental renal hypertension has to consider that constriction of one renal artery induces hypertension, and removal of the ischemic kidney is followed by a normalization of elevated blood pressure. Both observations give evidence of the fact that a renal factor is responsible for the development and maintenance of hypertension. Renin, by reacting with the plasma substrate angiotensinogen, releases the vasopressor polypeptide angiotensin, which is rapidly inactivated. The activity of the renin-angiotensin system is inversely related to sodium balance and intravascular volume and is also affected by various... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Heidelberg West Germany PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 843-844KeywordsBlood plasmaBlood pressureFellowshipsHypertensionKidneysPathogenesisPolypeptidesRenal arteriesSodiumVasopressors Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Effect of low density lipoprotein receptor deficiency on the metabolism of apolipoprotein B-100 in blood plasma. Kinetic studies in normal and Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.
Authors: N Yamada, D M Shames, R J Havel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The kinetics of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 in particles containing apo E (B,E particles) or lacking apo E (B particles) were studied in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits deficient in low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, and compared with those of normal rabbits after injection of radioiodinated very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), and LDL. In both groups results of kinetic modeling were consistent with the hypothesis that all apo B enters the plasma in VLDL, mainly as B,E particles, followed by delipidation and partial conversion to IDL and LDL, with concomitant conversion of some B,E particles to B particles. In WHHL rabbits, production of VLDL apo B was reduced by 40%, but LDL production was increased threefold. Defective removal of B,E and B particles in all three lipoprotein classes, coupled with preserved processes of delipidation, can account for the observed increases in the concentration of apo B (threefold in VLDL, fivefold in IDL, and twenty-twofold in LDL) in WHHL rabbits.
Effects of catecholamines, histamine, and nitroglycerin on flow, oxygen utilization, and adenosine production in the perfused guinea pig heart.
Authors: V T Wiedmeier, L H Spell
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Adenosine release by the myocardium has been linked to a decrease in myocardial oxygen content and has been implicated in producing the concomitant increase in coronary flow.Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and histamine increase myocardial oxygen consumption and coronary flow.Nitroglycerin on the other hand, increases coronary flow but does not increase oxygen consumption.The purpose of the present study was to determine whether changes in coronary sinus oxygen levels induced by these drugs are closely associated with changes in adenosine release.Isolated guinea pig hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (pH 7.4,37°C) aerated with 95% O 2 -5% CO 2 .Coronary flow, contractile force, coronary sinus oxygen levels, and adenosine and its degradative products in perfusates were measured before and during the infusion of varying doses of epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine, or nitroglycerin.All four compounds produced significant increases in coronary flow.The catecholamines and histamine had a positive inotropic effect, increased myocardial oxygen consumption, and decreased coronary sinus oxygen levels.The decrease in coronary sinus oxygen was accompanied by increased levels of adenosine in the perfusates.Nitroglycerin, on the other hand, did not change contractile force, increased coronary sinus oxygen levels, and did not increase the rate of adenosine release.Changes in inosine and hypoxanthine, degradative products of adenosine metabolism, paralleled those of adenosine in all experiments.These findings indicate that adenosine release is intimately associated with a reduction of coronary sinus oxygen levels and, further, that adenosine is not a mediator in the vasodilation induced by nitroglycerin.
Effect of inhaled fluticasone with and without salmeterol on airway inflammation in asthma
Authors: Annika Wallin, Malcolm Sue-Chu, Leif Bjermer, Jonathan Ward, Thomas Sandström, Anne Lindberg, Bo Lundbäck, Ratko Djukanovic ́, Stephen Holgate, Susan Wilson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
ACCELERATED NEOINTIMAL HYPERPLASIA AFTER DES IMPLANTATION IN LESIONS WITH IVUS–SIGNAL ATTENUATION: A 3D–IVUS ANALYSIS FROM THE J–DESSERT TRIAL
Authors: Hideki Kitahara, Katsuhisa Waseda, Kenji Sakamoto, Ryotaro Yamada, Ching–Chang Huang, Daisaku Nakatani, Kenji Sakata, Osami Kawarada, Paul G. Yock, Yutaka Matsuyama, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Masato Nakamura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Shinsuke Nanto, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Initiation of anticoagulation after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study of efficacy, safety, and cost with low molecular weight heparin bridging in lieu of continuous intravenous unfractionated heparin
Authors: Kanella V. Tsilimingras, Nicole Grasso-Correnti, John Fanikos, Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Effect of Timing of Chronic Preoperative Aspirin Discontinuation on Morbidity and Mortality in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Miriam Jacob, Nicholas Smedira, Eugene Blackstone, Sarah Williams, Leslie Cho
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aspirin (ASA) has been shown to reduce postoperative coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) mortality and ischemic events; however, the timing of chronic ASA discontinuation before surgery is controversial because of concern about postoperative bleeding. We evaluated the effect of the timing of ASA discontinuation before CABG on major adverse cardiovascular outcomes and postoperative bleeding using the Cleveland Clinic Cardiovascular Information Registry database.At the Cleveland Clinic between January 1, 2002, and January 31, 2008, 4143 patients undergoing CABG were taking preoperative chronic ASA. Of these, 2298 discontinued ASA 6 or more days before surgery (early discontinuation), and 1845 took ASA within 5 days of the surgery (late use). Because of substantial differences between these 2 groups, propensity score analysis, and matching based on 31 variables were used for fair comparison of outcomes. This resulted in 1519 well-matched pairs of patients (73%). There was no significant difference between those with early discontinuation and late ASA use with regard to the composite outcome of in-hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke (1.7% versus 1.8%, P=0.80). Late use was associated with more intraoperative transfusions (23% versus 20%, P=0.03) and postoperative transfusions (30% versus 26%, P=0.009) but a similar number of reoperations for bleeding (3.4% versus 2.4% P=0.10).Among patients undergoing isolated CABG, late discontinuation of ASA resulted in no difference in postoperative cardiovascular outcomes; however, there was an increased transfusion requirement. Thus, we recommend weighing the risks and benefits of late ASA use in these patients.
Testing for Otitis Media: Diagnosis ex Machina
Authors: Jack L. Paradise
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

From whatever standpoint — epidemiologic, clinical, or developmental — otitis media occupies a position of importance among the concerns of childhealth-care providers. In the United States otitis media is, next to the common cold, the most commonly diagnosed of childhood illnesses; with its propensity to become chronic, it is almost certainly the most prevalent.1 , 2 Otitis media figures prominently — often pre-eminently — in the differential diagnosis of fever, the management of pain, the prescribing of drugs, the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis and other infections of the central nervous system, and the indications for the most frequently performed of childhood operations . . .
Honour a physician with the honour due unto him
Authors: D. Summerfield
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A few years ago my general practitioner told me that anyone aged over 40 with upper abdominal discomfort needed investigating. At the local teaching hospital, a pleasant young doctor did a gastroscopy, which showed a mass in my stomach wall. I was sent for a barium meal. A consultant radiologist took the x ray films, instructing me briskly to turn this way and that but not otherwise paying me any attention. He told me to wait a few minutes while he checked the films to see if all the views were satisfactory. I sat alone in the room for about five minutes.

From the moment the consultant re-entered I could see that he was slightly agitated. “I'm terribly sorry,” he called out as he came through the door at the far end. And …
Molecular Profiling of a Tumor of Unknown Origin
Authors: Gustavo Ismael, Evandro de Azambuja, Ahmad Awada
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: A 26-year-old woman had had abdominal pain since the beginning of her pregnancy. Endoscopy of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum and abdominal ultrasonography showed only gastroeso...
An inadequate questionnaire on premature births
Authors: N. R Winterton
Journal: BMJ (1989)

In a double blind study we have examined the effect of flumazenil and placebo in reversing midazolam sedation in patients undergoing conservative dental procedures.We assessed sedation by linear analogue scores (for patient and observer) and psychomotor function by choice reaction time and critical flicker fusion threshold, both sensitive tests of psychomotor performance after sedation.With a mean dose of 0 13 mg