tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cross sectional longitudinal study of spot morning urine protein:creatinine ratio, 24 hour urine protein excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate, and end stage renal failure in chronic renal disease in patients without diabetes
Authors: P. Ruggenenti, F. Gaspari, A. Perna, G. Remuzzi
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate whether the protein:creatinine ratio in spot morning urine samples is a reliable indicator of 24 hour urinary protein excretion and predicts the rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate and progression to end stage renal failure in non-diabetic patients with chronic nephropathy. <b>Design:</b> Cross sectional correlation between the ratio and urinary protein excretion rate. Univariate and multivariate analysis of baseline predictors, including the ratio and 24 hour urinary protein, of decline in glomerular filtration rate and end stage renal failure in the long term. <b>Setting:</b> Research centre in Italy. <b>Subjects:</b> 177 non-diabetic outpatients with chronic renal disease screened for participation in the ramipril efficacy in nephropathy study. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Rate of decline in filtration rate evaluated by repeated measurements of unlabelled iohexol plasma clearance and rate of progression to renal failure. <b>Results:</b> Protein:creatinine ratio was significantly correlated with absolute and log transformed 24 hour urinary protein values (P=0.0001 and P&lt;0.0001, respectively.) Ratios also had high predictive value for rate of decline of the glomerular filtration rate (univariate P=0.0003, multivariate P=0.004) and end stage renal failure (P=0.002 and P=0.04). Baseline protein:creatinine ratios and rate of decline of the glomerular filtration rate were also significantly correlated (P&lt;0.0005). In the lowest third of the protein:creatinine ratio (&lt;1.7) there was 3% renal failure compared with 21.2% in the highest third (&gt;2.7) (P&lt;0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Protein:creatinine ratio in spot morning urine samples is a precise indicator of proteinuria and a reliable predictor of progression of disease in non-diabetic patients with chronic nephropathies and represents a simple and inexpensive procedure in establishing severity of renal disease and prognosis. <h3>Key messages</h3> The protein:creatinine ratio measured in spot morning urine samples is a simple and reliable indicator of 24 hour urinary protein excretion rate and can therefore be used to quantify proteinuria without the need for timed urine collection Spot morning urinary protein:creatinine ratio is the strongest baseline predictor of progression of renal disease in non-diabetic patients with chronic nephropathies Compared with 24 hour urinary protein excretion rate, the spot morning ratio is an even more reliable predictor of decline in glomerular filtration rate and progression to end stage renal failure and represents a simple and inexpensive procedure in the determination of severity of renal disease and prognosis
Routine vs Selective Intraoperative Cholangiography During Cholecystectomy
Authors: Mark A. Talamini
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3399: Detection and validation of novel RNA cancer biomarkers by single molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (smRNA FISH)
Authors: Hans E. Johansson, Arturo V. Orjalo, Sally R. Coassin, Raymund Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract RNA biomarkers are discovered and validated through advanced transcriptome analysis at a fast pace. These markers that allow the interrogation of the active genes hold promise for more precise staging, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. Long RNA markers comprise pre-mRNAs found in the cell nucleus, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may be found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, as well as mature and mostly cytoplasmic mRNAs. Importantly, comparative studies in mouse have demonstrated that transcript levels are more strongly correlated with clinical traits than the corresponding protein levels. Because lncRNA and mRNA biomarkers have the potential to contribute to the development of targeted cancer therapies, there is an obvious need for a robust and dependable methodology to reliably detect and validate these RNA targets. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA FISH) provides a powerful means to detect specific RNAs in single cells, while still maintaining tissue morphology. Significant advances in RNA FISH technology, such as the hybridization of multiple, fluorescently labeled 20-mer oligonucleotides to the RNA target, allow for the detection of single RNAs and yields information on the RNA's distinct spatial distribution within tissues and even within cells. In this study, we investigate emerging RNA biomarkers in prostate cancer cell lines and tissue utilizing RNA FISH. We also examine established breast cancer biomarkers such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 / ERBB2), estrogen receptor α (ER α / ESR1), and progesterone receptor (PR / PGR) in breast cancer tumors and cell lines. The results and tools presented here will contribute to advancing the current capabilities of the detection and treatment of specific cancers, as well as in the continued discovery and development of cancer drug candidates. Citation Format: Hans E. Johansson, Arturo V. Orjalo, Sally R. Coassin, Raymund Yin. Detection and validation of novel RNA cancer biomarkers by single molecule RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (smRNA FISH). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3399. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3399
C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum phospholipase A2 in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis.
Authors: P Puolakkainen, V Valtonen, A Paananen, T Schroder
Journal: Gut (1987)

The present study examines the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) determinations in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis and the correlation of CRP with serum phospholipase A2 activity and the clinical status. Fifty three patients with acute pancreatitis were studied; 17 with haemorrhagic pancreatitis and 36 with a mild form of the disease. S-phospholipase A2 activity increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in patients with fatal pancreatitis but not in those with mild disease. Phospholipase A2 concentrations were below 10 nmol FFA/ml min in mild, while they rose to 20-40 nmol FFA/ml min in haemorrhagic pancreatitis. In fatal cases very high (up to 50-60 nmol FFA/ml min) serum phospholipase A2 concentrations were recorded. The increase in CRP was greater in the patients with severe pancreatitis. One day after admission mean CRP was 280 mg/l in patients with haemorrhagic and 45 mg/l in those with the mild pancreatitis (p less than 0.001). High CRP values also correlated with the prognostic signs indicative of severe pancreatitis. CRP and S-phospholipase A2 determinations are valuable in the early assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis, but the CRP assay is much easier to include in hospital routine.
Sharing a bed with your baby increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, UK study shows
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Advice to mothers that it is safe to sleep with their babies should be reconsidered, say the authors of a new study, which shows that it multiplies the risk of sudden infant death.1

Current recommendations in the United Kingdom are that it is safe to share a bed with a baby so long as neither parent smokes or has taken alcohol or drugs. But a new analysis of data from five previous studies, published in BMJ Open , has found that even if these conditions apply, …
Drug companies are accused of using unsuitable doctors to promote their products
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Hundreds of doctors who have been disciplined for ethical breaches or had their medical licences revoked are on drug companies’ payrolls as speakers and consultants, an investigative report released on 18 October says.

The wide ranging investigation took months and was the product of a collaboration between the investigative news organisation ProPublica, a non-profit group based in New York, and five other news outlets: National Public Radio, the Chicago Tribune , the Boston Globe , Consumer Reports , and the US Public Broadcasting Service’s Nightly Business Report. 

Doctors cited in the report include a pain physician who had performed “unnecessary” …
Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase Is a Radiosensitizing Target for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Emma Ito, Shijun Yue, Eduardo H. Moriyama, Angela B. Hui, Inki Kim, Wei Shi, Nehad M. Alajez, Nirmal Bhogal, GuoHua Li, Alessandro Datti, Aaron D. Schimmer, Brian C. Wilson, Peter P. Liu, Daniel Durocher, Benjamin G. Neel, Brian O’Sullivan, Bernard Cummings, Rob Bristow, Jeff Wrana, Fei-Fei Liu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase inhibition sensitizes head and neck cancer to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
S4-5: Comparison of PAM50 Risk of Recurrence (ROR) Score with OncotypeDx and IHC4 for Predicting Residual Risk of RFS and Distant-(D)RFS after Endocrine Therapy: A TransATAC Study.
Authors: M Dowsett, E Lopez-Knowles, K Sidhu, S Pineda, JW Cowens, S Ferree, J Storhoff, C Schaper, J Cuzick
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Aim: To assess the performance of the risk of recurrence (ROR) score in predicting RFS and DRFS for postmenopausal patients with primary ER+ breast cancer treated with anastrozole or tamoxifen and compare this with the performance of Oncotype Dx and IHC4 for both N0 and N+ patients. Background: OncotypeDx Recurrence Score (RS) is used to assess RR after endocrine therapy in primary ER+ breast cancer and is valid for both tamoxifen and anastrozole (Dowsett ref). IHC4 is a 4-panel set of IHC markers (ER, PgR, HER2, Ki67) that was shown to provide as much prognostic accuracy as RS in the translational arm of the ATAC trial (TransATAC) of anastrozole versus tamoxifen alone or combined and subsequently independently validated (Cuzick et al, JCO, 2011, in press). PAM50 is 50-gene test that has been optimised to separate intrinsic disease subtypes and is used to generate a ROR score. Good correlation has been shown between the ROR and RS but no large scale comparisons of their ability to predict clinical outcome have been conducted. Methods: PAM50 analysis was conducted using NanoString technology on 125 ng RNA extracted from all 1026 samples from the TransATAC study that had at least 500ng RNA available. Nodal status was known on 986: N+, 271; N-neg 715. ROR scores were calculated and their relationship with RFS and DRFS assessed in both the N-neg and N+ categories. The prognostic value of ROR when added to standard clinical variables was assessed using the likelihood ratio chi-square. Finally, the relative accuracy of prognosis in this patient population using ROR, RS and IHC4 was evaluated by comparing the C-index for each test. Results: Results are currently being derived and will be presented in full. Discussion: This is the first large-scale clinical comparison of 2 prominent multi-gene predictors for use in FFPE material. The results will be instrumental in defining the preferred method for use in assessing residual risk of recurrence in patients treated with endocrine therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S4-5.
Deformity and Character
Authors: Pasquale J. Accardo
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THROUGH the first half of the 19th century, obstetric textbooks stated that asphyxiated babies either died or recovered completely. William John Little described the possibility of a third outcome—movement disorders that would not become apparent until a year or more after the initial insult. In the discussion following the delivery of his classic paper on cerebral palsy before the London Obstetrical Society,<sup>1</sup>Dr Little mentioned that he had not found any references to the long-term effects of abnormal and premature parturition in the medical literature. Recognizing the novelty of his insight, he had recourse to Shakespeare for the earliest suggestion of adult deformity secondary to neonatal asphyxia. Without criticizing the historical accuracy of Shakespeare's portrait of King Richard III, he was convinced that the poetic description of Richard's physical and moral character was "exactly that of an individual afflicted with one kind of deformity originating at birth." Delivered after
Human dermal microvasculature: II. Enzyme histochemical and cytochemical study
Authors: J.C. HIGGINS, R.A.J. EADY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

An enzyme histochemical and cytochemical study of normal dermal microvasculature showed that respiratory enzymes, lipase and non-specific esterase occurred in all vascular segments. Lysosomal enzymes were also widely distributed and acid phosphatase activity was localized in lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and small portions of endoplasmic reticulum of both endothelial cells and pericytes. Alkaline phosphatase activity, however, was confined to the arterial side and tip of the capillary loop where it occurred in vesicles along the luminal surface of the endothelium and in junctions between endothelial cells. The localization of nucleoside phosphatase activity within the endothelium varied according to substrate; with adenosine triphosphate as substrate, the reaction product occurred in vesicles distributed throughout the endothelial cells; with adenosine diphosphate it was limited to vesicles along the luminal surface; and with adenosine monophosphate, activity was mostly localized to the lateral surfaces of endothelial cells. These findings suggest functional variation between different vascular segments and between various components of the endothelium. Attempts to demonstrate a specific Na+K+ adenosine triphosphatase (transport ATPase) within the endothelium were not successful.
Sino-orbital Aspergillosis Treated With Combination Antifungal Therapy
Authors: Victor L. Yu
Journal: JAMA (1980)

ASPERGILLOSIS of the paranasal sinus and orbit is well recognized.<sup>1</sup>Local invasion of the sinus or orbit by<i>Aspergillus</i>has been managed successfully with surgery, whereas amphotericin B as sole therapy is considered inadequate.<sup>1</sup>However, when sinus invasion is complicated by decreasing visual acuity and neurological signs, the course has invariably been fatal, even when aggressive surgery was combined with amphotericin B therapy. (A reference list will be provided with reprint requests.) We present a case of sinus aspergillosis that showed malignant progression despite surgery, treatment with amphotericin B, and the results of in vitro susceptibility testing for the fungus involved. When combination antifungal therapy (viz, addition of flucytosine and rifampin to the amphotericin B regimen) was instituted, a dramatic clinical response was noted, with gradual resolution of symptoms and neurological abnormalities. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Susceptibility testing was performed by the broth dilution method, using yeast nitrogen base
Analysis of N-Glycosylation in Vespula Vulgaris Hyaluronidase Ves v 2
Authors: U.R. Seppälä, K. Mutenda, R. Monsalve, L. Skov, T.P. King, H. Ipsen, P. Roepstorff, M.D. Spangfort
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Treatment of oesophageal perforation.
Authors: D L Froggatt, A J Gunning
Journal: Thorax (1966)

An oesophageal leak, produced as the result of instrumental perforation, spontaneous rupture, foreign body or oesophago-intestinal anastomotic dehiscence, is a complication which every surgeon has to deal with from time to time.This paper presents the management of oeso- phageal leaks as seen in patients admitted to the Nuffield Department of Surgery at Oxford.There was a total of 33 perforations in the upper, middle, and lower portions of the oesophagus.These
TCT-719 Mid-term Survival and Predicting Factors of All-cause Mortality in Patients After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: The Role of New-onset Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Panagiotis Tzamalis, Holger Schroefel, Peter Bramlage, Armin Luik, Herbert Posival, Rainer Wondraschek, Gerhard Schymik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Hospitalizations from pandemic influenza (pH1N1) infections among patients with asthma or COPD in Spain
Authors: Javier de Miguel-Diez, Pilar Carrasco-Garrido, Valentín Hernández-Barrera, Paula Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Luis Puente-Maestu, Angel Gil de Miguel, Rodrigo Jiménez-García
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Medical Liability in Drug Trials
Authors: Francis Boyer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PHYSICIANS who test new drugs may well be justly concerned about the effect on drug research of the 1962 amendments to the Food and Drug Act and the regulations of the Food and Drug Administration under these amendments.In the first place, the required paper work is tremendously burdensome and time consuming. But of equal or greater importance in creating an unwillingness on the part of physicians to test new drugs is the belief — correct or incorrect — that the amendments and the regulations greatly increase the legal liability of the doctor who dispenses any new agent. The Cleveland . . .
Effects on Hypertension by Means of Socio-Psycho-Somatic Relief at Kuren
Authors: Th. Kleinschmidt
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1971)

The hypertension research procedure applied by the author reveals a new interpretation of treating success: This technique visualizes an initial blood pressure correction and its stability thereafter even in far progressed, chronic hypertensions – without a competitive therapy of balneologic treatment: this decisive, positive effect has to be accredited to socio-psycho-somatic relief effects.
A novel ubiquitin ligase is deficient in Fanconi anemia
Authors: Amom Ruhikanta Meetei, Johan P de Winter, Annette L Medhurst, Michael Wallisch, Quinten Waisfisz, Henri J van de Vrugt, Anneke B Oostra, Zhijiang Yan, Chen Ling, Colin E Bishop, Maureen E Hoatlin, Hans Joenje, Weidong Wang
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Leptin-Replacement Therapy for Lipodystrophy
Authors: Elif Arioglu Oral, Vinaya Simha, Elaine Ruiz, Alexa Andewelt, Ahalya Premkumar, Peter Snell, Anthony J. Wagner, Alex M. DePaoli, Marc L. Reitman, Simeon I. Taylor, Phillip Gorden, Abhimanyu Garg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The adipocyte hormone leptin is important in regulating energy homeostasis. Since severe lipodystrophy is associated with leptin deficiency, insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis, we assessed whether leptin replacement would ameliorate this condition.
Barriers to Reducing Urinary Catheter Use
Authors: Sarah L. Krein, Christine P. Kowalski, Molly Harrod, Jane Forman, Sanjay Saint
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), a common health care-associated infection, is important for improving the care of hospitalized patients and in meeting the goals for reduction of health care-associated infections set by the US Department of Health and Human Services.To identify ways to enhance CAUTI prevention efforts based on the experiences of hospitals participating in the Michigan Health and Hospital Association Keystone Center for Patient Safety statewide program to reduce unnecessary use of urinary catheters (the Bladder Bundle).Qualitative assessment of data collected through semistructured telephone interviews with key informants at 12 hospitals and in-person interviews and site visits at 3 of the 12 hospitals. The analysis focused on perceptions and key issues identified by hospitals as influencing implementation of CAUTI prevention practices as recommended by the Bladder Bundle initiative.Twelve purposefully sampled hospitals in Michigan.Key informants including infection preventionists, clinical personnel, and senior executives.Common barriers to Bladder Bundle implementation and appropriate urinary catheter use included (1) difficulty with nurse and physician engagement, (2) patient and family request for indwelling catheters, and (3) catheter insertion practices and customs in the emergency department. Strategies to address these barriers were also identified by several of the participating hospitals, including (1) incorporating urinary management (eg, planned toileting) as part of other patient safety programs, such as a fall reduction program, (2) explicitly discussing the risks of indwelling urinary catheters with patients and families, and (3) engaging with emergency department nurses and physicians to implement a process that ensures that appropriate indications for catheter use are followed.The Bladder Bundle program provides a model for implementing strategies to reduce CAUTI. These findings provide actionable information to inform CAUTI prevention-related activities in hospitals throughout the country.
TCT-171 Avoidance of Major Bleeding with WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure compared with Long-Term Oral Anticoagulation: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Matthew J. Price, Miguel Valderrabano, Kenneth Huber, Scott S. Wehrenberg, Nicole Gordon, Kenneth M. Stein, David Holmes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Electrocardiography in the Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Mary Allen Engle
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The physician or student who expects to find the subject of congenital heart disease covered in less space than in Burch and Winsor's earlier books that covered the whole field of electrocardiography will be disappointed. He will see a large book of 755 pages in small print, jampacked with facts and figures. The physician who seeks to find specific information on some aspect of the electrocardiogram in a certain malformation will be delighted. He will discover details and a summary of electrocardiographic features which characterize that malformation, relative to its anatomic and physiologic variations and to age differences. The book begins with an analysis of the electrocardiogram in normal infants, children, and adults. Important data are set forth conveniently in a few tables and diagrams, with more detailed information in the appendix. In the normal subjects, as well as those with congenital heart disease, the number of individuals tested is