tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Bacterial-Origin Genes for Plant Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins
Authors: Linda Bonen, Sophie Calixte
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Mitochondrial ribosomes contain bacterial-type proteins reflecting their endosymbiotic heritage, and a subset of these genes is retained within the mitochondrion in land plants. Variation in gene location is observed, however, because migration to the nucleus is still an ongoing evolutionary process in plants. To gain insights into adaptation events related to successful gene transfer, we have compiled data for bacterial-origin mitochondrial-type ribosomal protein genes from the completely sequenced Arabidopsis and rice genomes. Approximately 75% of such nuclear-located genes encode amino-terminal extensions relative to their Escherichia coli counterparts, and of that set, only about 30% have introns at (or near) the junction in support of an exon shuffling–type recruitment of upstream expression/targeting signals. We find that genes that were transferred to the nucleus early in eukaryotic evolution have, on average, about twofold higher density of introns within the core ribosomal protein sequences than do those that moved to the nucleus more recently. About 20% of such introns are at positions identical to those in human orthologs, consistent with their ancestral presence. Plant mitochondrial-type ribosomal protein genes have dispersed chromosomal locations in the nucleus, and about 20% of them are present in multiple unlinked copies. This study provides new insights into the evolutionary history of endosymbiotic bacterial-type genes that have been transferred from the mitochondrion to the nucleus.
Heroin Addicts in a Community Mental Health Inpatient Unit
Authors: RONALD SERWER POZE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

Over a period of four months, 16 heroin addicts were treated on an open general psychiatric unit connected with a large municipal hospital. Their treatment was coordinated with an addict treatment center staffed primarily by ex-addicts. While long-term results are not assessed, it is shown that addicts can be treated briefly in this setting and that staff and trainees receive valuable training.
The in vivo degradation of a ruthenium labelled polysaccharide-based hydrogel for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Samia Laïb, Borhane H. Fellah, Ahmed Fatimi, Sophie Quillard, Claire Vinatier, Olivier Gauthier, Pascal Janvier, Marc Petit, Bruno Bujoli, Sylvain Bohic, Pierre Weiss
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)
Parties respond to BMA challenges
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

All three political parties in Britain have responded positively to the BMA's six election health challenges, which were published in the BMJ (15 March, pp 767-8). The BMA council chairman, Dr Sandy Macara, who issued the challenges, said that the swift responses were encouraging and that he hoped that the parties could now deliver on these pledges.

The Labour party and the Liberal Democrats sent detailed responses on each …
The New NHS: commentaries on the white paper: Encouraging responsibility: different paths to accountability (Counting and accounting in the new NHS)
Authors: J. Shapiro
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The new Labour government came into power in May 1997 intent on abolishing the market in health care, correcting inequities in provision, and improving public input into the planning of services. To what extent does the new white paper achieve these aims? In particular, what are its implications for accountability within the service?

One of the key issues facing the new health team was the linkage of accountability with money. The previous regime had made financial accountability the cornerstone of its reforms; all the leverage for change, whether in the creation of freestanding trusts or the power of fundholding, was invested in tight contractual arrangements. The new government is working from the premise that contracting wrought little positive change but drove only the bureaucracy of accounting and the increase of supply led services and is determined to change the “currency” of the NHS.

In the new white paper accountability seems to follow two separate paths: clinical accountability, …
TCT-410 Evaluation of the Acute and Long Term Renal Artery Re-Innervation Attempt Response Following Radiofrequency Catheter-Based Renal Nerve Ablation in a Swine Model: A Immunohistochemical Characterization
Authors: Serge D. Rousselle, Randy Hart, Javier A. Garza, Joan Wicks, Armando Tellez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Comprehensive Clinical Hepatology.
Authors: D H ADAMS
Journal: Gut (2001)

Grading system for inflammation in ulcerative colitisEDITOR,-Geboes et al described a grading system for inflammation in ulcerative colitis and carried out rigorous assessment of the reproducibility of this system (Gut 2000;47:404-9).This is a very useful study which fills a void in the histopathology assessment of ulcerative colitis.However, now that this system has been described, its use in clinical practice and clinical trials needs to be considered.Many of the features that Geboes et al have used in their grading system are described as continuous spectra-for example, chronic inflammation assessed from no increase through to marked increase-but are divided into discrete groups (for example, mild, moderate, marked).This means that these features are ordinal categorical variables rather than continuous real numbers-that is, they have a numerically labelled order but the distance between adjacent numbers will not be the same through the whole range and there are no non-integer values. 1 The consequences of this are that these grades cannot be used in processes which require continuous variables, such as linear regression. 2 The authors already seem to have made this mistake themselves as they give mean grades of the system in table 2 (to two decimal places), when they should have given frequency distribution histograms or possibly median grades with centiles as an indicator of spread.They do not state which method they used to measure the correlation between location of neutrophils in the epithelium and occurrence of crypt destruction, erosions, and ulcerations (table 4 and last paragraph of results section).The nature of ulcerative colitis as a chronic relapsing condition means that many studies and trials require a measure of inflammatory activity and need to relate this to other measured parameters.It is likely that this new grading system will be used in clinical trials of new treatment regimens.The ordinal categorical properties of the new grading system means that measures such as mean grade should not be used in comparing groups of patients before and after treatment or between groups of patients receiving diVerent treatments.
TOCILIZUMAB AMELIORATES VASCULAR INFLAMMATION AND CLINICAL SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH TAKAYASU ARTERITIS REFRACTOTRY TO GLUCOCORTICOIDS
Authors: Yoshikazu Nakaoka, Kaori Higuchi, Yoh Arita, Takahiro Kataoka, Taku Yasui, Kuniyasu Ikeoka, Tomohito Ohtani, Yasushi Sakata, Keiko Yamauchi–Takihara, Issei Komuro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Inhibition of Apoptosis-Regulated Signaling Kinase-1 and Prevention of Congestive Heart Failure by Estrogen
Authors: Minoru Satoh, Christian M. Matter, Hisakazu Ogita, Kyosuke Takeshita, Chao-Yung Wang, Gerald W. Dorn, James K. Liao
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Epidemiological studies have shown gender differences in the incidence of congestive heart failure (CHF); however, the role of estrogen in CHF is not known. We hypothesize that estrogen prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the development of CHF.17Beta-estradiol (E2, 0.5 mg/60-day release) or placebo pellet was implanted subcutaneously into male G alpha q transgenic (Gq) mice. After 8 weeks, E2 treatment decreased the extent of cardiac hypertrophy and dilation and improved contractility in Gq mice. E2 treatment also attenuated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity and superoxide anion production via downregulation of Rac1. This correlated with reduced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes of Gq mice. The antioxidative properties of E2 were also associated with increased expression of thioredoxin (Trx), Trx reductases, and Trx reductase activity in the hearts of Gq mice. Furthermore, the activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and its downstream effectors, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, in the hearts of Gq mice was reduced by long-term E2 treatment. Indeed, E2 (10 nmol/L)-treated cardiomyocytes were much more resistant to angiotensin II-induced apoptosis. These antiapoptotic and cardioprotective effects of E2 were blocked by an estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI 182,780) and by a Trx reductase inhibitor (azelaic acid).These findings indicate that long-term E2 treatment improves CHF by antioxidative mechanisms that involve the upregulation of Trx and inhibition of Rac1-mediated attenuated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 /c-Jun N-terminal kinase/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated apoptosis. These results suggest that estrogen may be a useful adjunctive therapy for patients with CHF.
Detecting severe silent mitral regurgitation: Authors' reply
Authors: J. Efthimiou, M. Pitcher, D. Grahame-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1992)

I have knowledge of 50 deaths (this includes unpublished cases from personal communica- tions).The problem is sporadic and rare; because the consequences are so devastating for the patient, however, the medical and nursing staff managing patients with central venous catheters must prevent air gaining access to the venous circulation.4"
Nonpalpable Breast Carcinoma Detected by Screening Mammography
Authors: Kim Eagle, Marc J. Homer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Figure 1. Nonpalpable Breast Carcinoma Detected by Screening Mammography. Breast cancer was identified on a routine screening mammogram (oblique view) in a 69-year-old woman. The mass, which measured 4 mm (arrow), was not palpable. Histologic examination revealed an infiltrating adenocarcinoma.
Role-playing as an Instrument for Teaching and for Research into the Doctor/Patient Relationship
Authors: P.-B. Schneider, Ed. de Perrot
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

In the course of their teaching of psychological medicine to medical students, the authors have organized a weekly seminar in which role-playing is used as a technique for teaching the doctor/patient relationship. It has also become clear that this technique can be used to study certain elements of this relationship. The authors emphasize two characteristic aspects of the doctor/patient relationship, decision-taking, and the irreversibility of time, which may be manipulated and studied in such a context. In this way, the drawbacks encountered in both traditional teaching methods and (in the case of psychological medicine) meetings with real patients can be overcome.
Sarcoid-like lesion is a frequent benign cause of lymphadenopathy in neoplastic patients: Table 1–
Authors: Claudia Ravaglia, Carlo Gurioli, Gian Luca Casoni, Micaela Romagnoli, Sara Tomassetti, Christian Gurioli, Alessandra Dubini, Venerino Poletti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Sarcoid-like lesion is a frequent benign cause of lymphadenopathy in neoplastic patients
The Prospective Payment System and Quality
Authors: James P. LoGerfo
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This issue ofThe Journalis devoted to a remarkable series of reports from a major investigative group based on a study designed to examine the clinical effects of the Medicare Prospective Payment System, (PPS) which was based on diagnosis related groups (DRGs).<sup>1-8</sup>At inception, the major clinical concern about the PPS was that patients might have poorer outcomes due to cost-cutting incentives that went beyond eliminating unnecessary or marginally beneficial care to actually restricting needed care. Specific concerns centered on decreases in length of stay that might lead to increased nursing home admissions, more permanent nursing home placements, increased hospital readmissions, or higher mortality rates. Some readers may review these articles with the implicit belief that the findings are directly attributable to the DRG system. However, no such single-cause judgment is warranted given other major changes occurring in the hospital regulatory environment and the marketplace. For instance, there
Obstetric care for disabled women
Authors: R Mansfield
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - We agree with Alleyna Claxton that, to combat doctors' widespread ignorance, teaching on the special needs of disabled people should be part of the new core curriculum in medical schools.1 This is certainly a logical starting point, but current practice also needs improving. The process should have begun already in the maternity services in the light of Changing …
Misbehaving macrophages in the pathogenesis of psoriasis
Authors: R. A. Clark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease unique to humans. In this issue of the JCI, 2 studies of very different mouse models of psoriasis both report that macrophages play a key role in inducing psoriasis-like skin disease. Psoriasis is clearly a polygenic, inherited disease of uncontrolled cutaneous inflammation. The debate that currently rages in the field is whether psoriasis is a disease of autoreactive T cells or whether it reflects an intrinsic defect within the skin — or both. However, these questions have proven difficult to dissect using molecular genetic tools. In the current studies, the authors have used 2 different animal models to address the role of macrophages in disease pathogenesis: Wang et al. use a mouse model in which inflammation is T cell dependent, whereas the model used by Stratis et al. is T cell independent (see the related articles beginning on pages 2105 and 2094, respectively). Strikingly, both groups report an important contribution by macrophages, implying that macrophages can contribute to both epithelial-based and T cell–mediated pathways of inflammation.
Letter: Sex for medical students.
Authors: T J Goulder
Journal: BMJ (1974)

factors, including developmental and genetic, may underlie panacinar emphysema, which sometimes affects coal workers and becomes pigmented.Acquired fibrocystic disease, which in coal workers is often heavily pigmented, must also be distinguished from emphysema.On present evidence it is difficult to envisage a primary role for alveolar macrophages in the genesis of emphysema.Even in a,-antitrypsin deficiency, an un- common state in which leucocytic protease activity may be directed against connective tissue, other factor.smay co-operate in the genesis of emrphysema.The occurrence of alveolar fenestrae and capillary damage may merely represent the early stages of secondary non-specific disruption, which when advanced and widespread and possibly complicated by infection renders it difficult to assess the relative significance of the different pathogenetic processes in emphy- sema.-Iam, etc.,
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Water-Soluble Zinc Ionophores
Authors: Darren Magda, Philip Lecane, Zhong Wang, Weilin Hu, Patricia Thiemann, Xuan Ma, Patricia K. Dranchak, Xiaoming Wang, Vincent Lynch, Wenhao Wei, Viktor Csokai, Joseph G. Hacia, Jonathan L. Sessler
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Several water-solubilized versions of the zinc ionophore 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione (ZnHPT), synthesized as part of the present study, have been found both to increase the intracellular concentrations of free zinc and to produce an antiproliferative activity in exponential phase A549 human lung cancer cultures. Gene expression profiles of A549 cultures treated with one of these water-soluble zinc ionophores, PCI-5002, reveal the activation of stress response pathways under the control of metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1), hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 (HIF-1), and heat shock transcription factors. Additional oxidative stress response and apoptotic pathways were activated in cultures grown in zinc-supplemented media. We also show that these water-soluble zinc ionophores can be given to mice at 100 μmol/kg (300 μmol/m2) with no observable toxicity and inhibit the growth of A549 lung and PC3 prostate cancer cells grown in xenograft models. Gene expression profiles of tumor specimens harvested from mice 4 h after treatment confirmed the in vivo activation of MTF-1–responsive genes. Overall, we propose that water-solubilized zinc ionophores represent a potential new class of anticancer agents. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5318–25]
Letter: Induction and perinatal death.
Authors: J Walker
Journal: BMJ (1976)

was examined and found to contain amitriptyline three days after admission.The following day the mother was caught in the act of giving the child amitriptyline from a feeding beaker.It was later discovered that a sibling who had died at five months within 24 hours of discharge from a peripheral hospital had at necropsy an unexplained fracture of one humerus and a torn lingual fraenum.
Protein Transfer Into Human Cells by VSV-G-induced Nanovesicles
Authors: Philippe-Emmanuel Mangeot, Sandra Dollet, Mathilde Girard, Claire Ciancia, Stéphane Joly, Marc Peschanski, Vincent Lotteau
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Identification of new techniques to express proteins into mammal cells is of particular interest for both research and medical purposes. The present study describes the use of engineered vesicles to deliver exogenous proteins into human cells. We show that overexpression of the spike glycoprotein of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) in human cells induces the release of fusogenic vesicles named gesicles. Biochemical and functional studies revealed that gesicles incorporated proteins from producer cells and could deliver them to recipient cells. This protein-transduction method allows the direct transport of cytoplasmic, nuclear or surface proteins in target cells. This was demonstrated by showing that the TetR transactivator and the receptor for the murine leukemia virus (MLV) envelope [murine cationic amino acid transporter-1 (mCAT-1)] were efficiently delivered by gesicles in various cell types. We further shows that gesicle-mediated transfer of mCAT-1 confers to human fibroblasts a robust permissiveness to ecotropic vectors, allowing the generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells in level 2 biosafety facilities. This highlights the great potential of mCAT-1 gesicles to increase the safety of experiments using retro/lentivectors. Besides this, gesicles is a versatile tool highly valuable for the nongenetic delivery of functions such as transcription factors or genome engineering agents. Identification of new techniques to express proteins into mammal cells is of particular interest for both research and medical purposes. The present study describes the use of engineered vesicles to deliver exogenous proteins into human cells. We show that overexpression of the spike glycoprotein of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) in human cells induces the release of fusogenic vesicles named gesicles. Biochemical and functional studies revealed that gesicles incorporated proteins from producer cells and could deliver them to recipient cells. This protein-transduction method allows the direct transport of cytoplasmic, nuclear or surface proteins in target cells. This was demonstrated by showing that the TetR transactivator and the receptor for the murine leukemia virus (MLV) envelope [murine cationic amino acid transporter-1 (mCAT-1)] were efficiently delivered by gesicles in various cell types. We further shows that gesicle-mediated transfer of mCAT-1 confers to human fibroblasts a robust permissiveness to ecotropic vectors, allowing the generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells in level 2 biosafety facilities. This highlights the great potential of mCAT-1 gesicles to increase the safety of experiments using retro/lentivectors. Besides this, gesicles is a versatile tool highly valuable for the nongenetic delivery of functions such as transcription factors or genome engineering agents.
A roadmap for discovery and translation in lymphoma
Authors: David M. Weinstock, Riccardo Dalla-Favera, Randy D. Gascoyne, John P. Leonard, Ronald Levy, Izidore S. Lossos, Ari M. Melnick, Grzegorz S. Nowakowski, Oliver W. Press, Kerry J. Savage, Margaret A. Shipp, Louis M. Staudt
Journal: Blood (2015)
Ribavirin/interferon alpha-2b therapy is very effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 2 &amp; 3 patients who have failed to respond virologically to interferon monotherapy
Authors: Neville Pimstone, Paul Sheykhzadeh, John Canio, Michelle Chiang, Jerry Powell, Janet Kokosinski, Theparat Saicheur, Andy Yu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Vote of confidence for FDA advisory committees, but conflict of interest questions remain
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

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Everyday Addictive Behavior of Bulimic Women
Authors: B. Jäger, R. Liedtke, H.-W. Künsebeck, L. Seide, W. Lempa
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

The comorbidity of bulimia nervosa and other forms of drug use or dependence is frequently reported, but statistical comparison as well as reference to a theoretical background is rare to be found. In order to assess the associated dependencies of bulimia, 105 bulimic women participated in a structured interview with a focus on their everyday drug use. Our results suggest that there is little evidence of other forms of related addicting drugs among bulimics. A possible theoretical background which explains the resulting pattern of their taking of stimulants and drugs is the common belief about desired effects of the consumption of these substances.
Acute synovitis with intra-articular apatite deposits in an osteoarthritic metacarpophalangeal joint.
Authors: J C Gerster, R Lagier
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

A patient was shown to have acute arthritis in a metacarpophalangeal joint, with local calcification indicated by x-rays. Surgical and pathological examinations showed strictly intra-articular apatite crystal deposits and an erosive osteoarthritis. These crystal deposits could account for the synovial inflammation; they are thought to be related to bone fragments embedded in the synovium. The predisposing role of previous local injections of corticosteroids is debatable.