tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chicken and Fish Diet Reduces Glomerular Hyperfiltration in IDDM Patients
Authors: Miriam Pecis, Mirela J De Azevedo, Jorge L Gross
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

To compare the effect of a normal protein diet (test diet) in which chicken and fish were substituted for red meat with a low-protein diet (LPD) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients.A crossover randomized clinical trial was performed in 15 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, 9 normofiltering, and 6 hyperfiltering patients. They followed three diets for a 3-week period each: a usual diet (UD), an LPD (0.5 g.kg-1.day-1 of proteins, 7% calories as protein, 33% as fat, and 60% as carbohydrates), and a normoproteic isocaloric test diet in which white meat (chicken and fish) was substituted for red meat of the UD. At the end of each diet, a clinical evaluation and measurements of GFR (51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) single injection technique), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and plasma amino acids were performed. Dietary compliance was assessed by a 24-h urinary urea and weekly interviews with the dietitian.In all diabetic patients, GFR after the LPD (114.9 +/- 16.5 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2) and after the test diet (122.7 +/- 16.7 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2) was significantly lower than after the UD (132.0 +/- 27.7 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2) (P = 0.001). Similar results were found in the hyperfiltering group: after UD = 161.1 +/- 15.4 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2, after LPD = 129.8 +/- 9.0 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2, and after the test diet = 136.5 +/- 3.1 ml.min-1 x 1.73 m-2, (P < 0.001). In the normofiltering group, no significant changes in GFR were observed after the three diets. Metabolic control, nutritional indexes, blood pressure (BP), and UAE did not change after the three diets in all patients.A normoproteic diet with chicken and fish as the only meat protein source decreases the GFR in the hyperfiltering normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. The GFR reduction after this diet is similar to that observed after an LPD.
OKT3, OKT4, and All That
Authors: James S. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

It's starting again. I had gone for 14 months without seeing an article reporting on T and B levels in one disease or another. The T- and B-cell measures—having run through the sick, the elderly, the young, the pregnant, the bereaved—had finally run out of diseases. Each condition was the subject of many reports; so that now, to give but one example, we can conclude with some assurance that T-cell numbers are up,<sup>1</sup>down,<sup>2-4</sup>or unchanged<sup>5-8</sup>in old folks. And now it's starting all over again, this time with T-cell subsets. Think, dear reader, and grieve, dear editor, about how many investigators are at this very moment measuring T-cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus, in rheumatoid arthritis, in solid tumors (all different sorts—one article for each), in lymphomas, in pneumonia, after surgery, after burns, after trauma, in asthma, in cirrhosis, in Crohn's disease, in glomerulonephritis, in myositis,
Glucocorticoids inhibit neurogenic plasma extravasation and prevent virus-potentiated extravasation in the rat trachea.
Authors: G Piedimonte, D M McDonald, J A Nadel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Capsaicin increases the permeability of blood vessels in the rat tracheal mucosa through a mechanism involving the release of tachykinins from sensory nerves. This capsaicin-induced increase in vascular permeability is potentiated by viral infections of the respiratory tract. The present study was done to determine whether this "neurogenic plasma extravasation" can be inhibited by glucocorticoids, to learn the time course of this inhibition, and to determine whether glucocorticoids can prevent the potentiating effect of viral respiratory infections on neurogenic plasma extravasation. Groups of pathogen-free F344 rats were treated with dexamethasone for 2 or 8 h (4 mg/kg i.p.) or 48 or 120 h (0.5-4 mg/kg per d i.p.). Another group of rats was treated with dexamethasone for 120 h following the intranasal inoculation of Sendai virus. The magnitude of plasma extravasation produced by capsaicin or substance P was assessed after this treatment by using Monastral blue pigment and Evans blue dye as intravascular tracers. We found that dexamethasone reduced, in a dose-dependent fashion, the magnitude of plasma extravasation produced in the rat trachea by capsaicin and substance P. Significant inhibition was produced by a dose of dexamethasone as small as 0.5 mg/kg i.p. The effect of dexamethasone had a latency of several hours and reached a maximum after 2 d of treatment. Furthermore, dexamethasone prevented the potentiation of neurogenic plasma extravasation usually present after 5 d of Sendai virus respiratory infection.
FRIEDMAN'S HORMONE TEST FOR PREGNANCY
Authors: THOMAS B. MAGATH
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Laboratory tests for pregnancy are at least 3,000 years old, according to Aschheim and Zondek, 1 who described an Egyptian papyrus reading: A woman may determine if she is pregnant by taking some earth and barley in a vessel and adding to it a little of her urine day by day. Should the barley grow, the woman is pregnant, but if the grain does not grow, then she will not bear a child. In 1928, Aschheim and Zondek reported a more reliable and refined test for detecting pregnancy. This test was based on the fact that during pregnancy an enormous excess of anterior pituitary hormone is excreted in the urine, in addition to ovarian hormone, and that shortly after the puerperium this excess secretion stops. In testing more than a thousand specimens, they recorded an accuracy in diagnosis of 98.6 per cent. The test, as outlined by Aschheim, 2 consisted
P16.30 * ROLE OF 18F-DOPA PET/CT IN NON-ENHANCING GLIOMAS
Authors: C. Scaringi, F. Cicone, A. Papa, F. Scopinaro, G. Minniti, R. M. Enrici
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The absence of contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characterizes WHO grade II Low-Grade Gliomas. However, up to 30% of non-enhancing lesions are histologically diagnosed as anaplastic gliomas (WHO grade III). Identification of this subset of high-grade non-enhancing gliomas, as well as early detection of malignant transformation is essential in treatment decision. We investigated the role of L-3,4-Dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluorophenylalanine (FDOPA) PET/CT in tumor grading and in the evaluation of early progression in a population of non-enhancing gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 22 patients with non-enhancing gliomas (17 grade II, 3 grade III, 2 gliomatosis cerebri). All patients underwent F-DOPA PET/CT in addition to conventional MR surveillance. Static images of the brain were acquired on a Philips Gemini camera over 20 minutes, starting 15 minutes after the i.v. injection of 185 MBq F-DOPA. A low-dose CT scan was adopted for attenuation correction. SUVmax was recorded for all lesions and contralateral background. A tumor to contralateral background uptake ratio (T/B) >1.6 was used as the semiquantitative parameter identifying high grade or early progressive lesions. RESULTS: All non-enhancing lesions showed a T/B >1.1, thus were considered as PET-positive. Median SUVmax was 2.26 ± 1.12. T/B values were suggestive of high-grade and low-grade gliomas in 12 and 10 patients, respectively. All but one patients with T/B <1.6 were indeed histologically confirmed as low-grade gliomas. Of the 12 patients with T/B >1.6, 2 were gliomatosis cerebri, 4 showed anaplastic transformation within 6 months, 1 was histologically confirmed as grade III non-enhancing glioma, 1 progressed after 18 months. The remaining 4 patients are progression-free after a median of 9 months. CONCLUSION: In patients with non-enhancing gliomas, the presence of high FDOPA uptake is suggestive of high tumor grade (WHO grade III and gliomatosis) or predictive of an early anaplastic transformation. Therefore, FDOPA semiquantitative analysis may be useful to identify a subgroup of patients requiring a short follow-up.
Book Review The Society and Population Health Reader: Income inequality and health Edited by Ichiro Kawachi, Bruce P. Kennedy, and Richard G. Wilkinson. 501 pp., illustrated. New York, New Press, 1999. $40 (cloth); $19.95 (paper). 1-56584-526-9 (cloth); 1-56584-571-4 (paper).
Authors: Michael McCally
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)
The Effects of 2,3-Dimercapto-Propanol (BAL) On Gold Reactions
Authors: G. Edstrom
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1950)

During gold therapy of chronic arthritis two forms of undesired reaction may appear.One of these is a so-called " focal reaction ", i.e. a transitory exacerbation of some symptom or syndrome, such as increased capsular swelling, perioedema, tenderness on movements of one or more joints, mild elevation of body temperature, and rather pronounced iritic or conjunctival irritation.Reactions of this type are not rare, especially when higher doses of gold are employed, but as a rule they are not very troublesome and are relatively easy to control by a reduced or slower administration of the gold salts.The other reaction, which is of a more malignant nature and not infrequently difficult to overcome, is the " hypersensitiveness complex reaction " manifesting itself in various ways, most frequently as a more or less severe dermatitis, sometimes as exfoliative dermatitis, sometimes as granulocytopenia or thrombocytopenia, sometimes as stomatitis or enterocolitis, sometimes as a more or less pronounced renal irritation.In certain reactions, such as conjunctivitis or encephalitic irritation, it may be difficult to decide its exact nature, but the further clinical course usually clears up the problem.That reactions of the second type are not toxic but due to hypersensitiveness seems evident, inter alia, from the fact that they appear to be unrelated to the concentration of gold in the plasma and its excretion from the body (Edstrom, 1948b).Moreover, the hypersensitiveness usually arises during the treatment, at its end, or several months later, and seldom produces an immediate eruption at the first injection.It is therefore difficult to prevent its occurrence.The gold- testing method experimentally worked out by Svanberg (an account of which he gave in 1949 at a meeting of the Swedish Association for Internal Medicine), appears to be more promising than earlier attempts, because it enables continuous control to be exercised during the treatment.In practice, however, continuous supervision of this kind would be difficult.It seems, therefore, that in the future we should reckon the appearance of such hypersensitiveness as a real crux in gold therapy.Only one of these reactions seems exceptional in this respect.Since continuous administration of extra vitamin C to all patients was introduced at the Lund 109
Eliciting Patient Preferences
Authors: M. Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 January 1993Eliciting Patient PreferencesM. Levine, MD, MSc and Amiram Garni, PhDM. Levine, MD, MScHamilton Regional Cancer Centre; Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaMcMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author and Amiram Garni, PhDHamilton Regional Cancer Centre; Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaMcMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-1-199301010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The decision board is a method of transferring information on treatment options to patients with early-stage breast cancer [1]. The instrument was tested for validity, reliability, clarity, patient acceptance, and satisfaction and was found to be extremely useful. We use it in our clinic, and it works.Although we advocated a randomized, controlled trial to compare the board to usual practice, there are major methodologic and ethical obstacles to be overcome. Llewellyn-Thomas and colleagues' suggestion that the probability trade-off method combined with the decision board might be even more effective at communicating information should be tested empirically. However, ...REFERENCE1. Levine M, Gafni A, Markham B, MacFarlane D. A bedside decision instrument to elicit a patient's preference concerning adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:53-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. Levine, MD, MSc; Amiram Garni, PhDAffiliations: Hamilton Regional Cancer Centre; Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaMcMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1993Volume 118, Issue 1Page: 76-77KeywordsAnxietyBreast cancerCancer chemotherapyCancer treatmentChemotherapyClinical trialsEmotionsFear ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nylon Sleeves to Protect Dialysis Tubing
Authors: Frank Rose
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  It is common practice for nurses and dialysis personnel to take blood samples from a plastic tubing by sticking a needle in it. Unfortunately, the needle easily goes all the way through the tube (Figure). I know of incidents where the technicians have stuck their fingers, upper legs, or knees, whatever supported the tubing. Hepatitis has followed this self-inflicted inoculation. Disposable syringes are now packaged in individual nylon tubes or holders. Part of such a nylon tube can be cut open and act as a protective sleeve. It is a rule now in our dialysis department that the rubber sampling tubes in the blood lines of the artificial kidney must be provided with the protective sleeves. It is impossible to perforate them with an ordinary needle.
The management of interstitial cystitis or painful bladder syndrome in women
Authors: S. P Marinkovic, R. Moldwin, L. M Gillen, S. L Stanton
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Aphasia was the sole manifestation of focal status epilepticus in a man with an old left frontal contusion. The diagnosis was made by electroencephalogram (EEG), and the attack was terminated by anticonvulsant medication.
805-2 Repeated noninvasive measurement of pO 2 by a novel electron paramagnetic resonance method in a rabbit model of hindlimb ischemia
Authors: Karen L Moodie, Oleg Y Grinberg, Huagang Hou, Jane Tomaszewski, Stalina A Grinberg, Eugene Demidenko, Bruce J Friedman, Harold M Swartz, Mark J Post
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A Bloody Mass
Authors: Craig D. Ainsworth, Omid Salehian, Vidhya Nair, Richard P. Whitlock
Journal: Circulation (2012)

A n active, physically fit, and previously healthy 23- year-old man is referred by his family physician to a cardiology clinic with a several-month history of progressively worsening episodes of palpitations associated with dyspnea.He reports experiencing brief episodes almost hourly and describes the palpitations as being extremely rapid and the rhythm as regular.Dr Salehian: Palpitations as a chief complaint are a common issue routinely assessed by family physicians, general internists, emergency department physicians, and cardiologists.The differential diagnosis in such patients is broad and often not related to a primary cardiac issue or arrhythmia.Broadly, symptoms of palpitations may be related to cardiac arrhythmia or structural heart disease, medications, recreational drugs and alcohol, metabolic disorders, high output states, or psychiatric conditions.To help to determine the etiology of the patient's symptoms, a thorough history, physical examination, and basic laboratory investigations are necessary to help to determine which further investigations are required.
Overview on the application of transcription profiling using selected nephrotoxicants for toxicology assessment.
Authors: Jeffrey A Kramer, Syril D Pettit, Rupesh P Amin, Timothy A Bertram, Bruce Car, Michael Cunningham, Sandra W Curtiss, John W Davis, Clive Kind, Michael Lawton, Jorge M Naciff, Victor Oreffo, Richard J Roman, Frank D Sistare, James Stevens, Karol Thompson, Alison E Vickers, Stacey Wild, Cynthia A Afshari
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Microarrays allow for the simultaneous measurement of changes in the levels of thousands of messenger RNAs within a single experiment. As such, the potential for the application of transcription profiling to preclinical safety assessment and mechanism-based risk assessment is profound. However, several practical and technical challenges remain. Among these are nomenclature issues, platform-specific data formats, and the lack of uniform analysis methods and tools. Experiments were designed to address biological, technical, and methodological variability, to evaluate different approaches to data analysis, and to understand the application of the technology to other profiling methodologies and to mechanism-based risk assessment. These goals were addressed using experimental information derived from analysis of the biological response to three mechanistically distinct nephrotoxins: cisplatin, gentamicin, and puromycin aminonucleoside. In spite of the technical challenges, the transcription profiling data yielded mechanistically and topographically valuable information. The analyses detailed in the articles from the Nephrotoxicity Working Group of the International Life Sciences Institute Health and Environmental Sciences Institute suggest at least equal sensitivity of microarray technology compared to traditional end points. Additionally, microarray analysis of these prototypical nephrotoxicants provided an opportunity for the development of candidate bridging biomarkers of nephrotoxicity. The potential future extension of these applications for risk assessment is also discussed.
Calcified Cyst of the Spleen
Authors: K. E. A. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1949)

A Case of Cutaneous Horn of the Arm Cutaneous horns of varying sizes are described in the literature.The largest that I have found recorded is the case of Dr. Herman Carache, mentioned in Sutton and Sutton's Introduction to Dermatology.This was a scalp horn 8 in.(20 cm.) long, complete, but with a small base.The interest of the following case lies in the large size of the horn, together with its history and the unusual site from which it grew. CASE REPORTThe patient, a man aged 53, sustained burns of the whole extent of the dorsum of the left upper arm and parts of the leg and back by a German flame-thrower in the 1914-18 war.The greatest loss of tissue was from the arm area, which was skin-grafted (heterogeneous Thiersch) from' a nursing sister's thigh.He was in hospital for 18 months.
Patient-Care Assessment Sheet
Authors: JOHN NOBLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 December 1973Patient-Care Assessment SheetJOHN NOBLE, M.D., JOYCE D. YANO, M.D., JANINA PROT WALD, M.D., DORIS K. BARBER, M.D., KENNETH T. BIRD, M.D.JOHN NOBLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOYCE D. YANO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JANINA PROT WALD, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DORIS K. BARBER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KENNETH T. BIRD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-6-903_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Two questions have often been asked during patient-care conferences on a rehabilitation and chronic disease unit at the Middlesex County Hospital: "What are we doing for this patient?" and "Has this patient's condition changed during recent months?"A comprehensive assessment sheet (Figure 1) was developed to accurately describe a patient's medical and functional status. Photographs taken with a Polaroid 250 camera were added to the record. The photographs cost 33¢ each; after instant processing, they were stapled to the assessment sheets.The daily function of a patient was objectively documented by scoring eight indexes developed by Carroll...Reference1. CARROLLMCKAY DE: Survey of 230 medical patients in the Baltimore City Chronic Disease Hospital. J Chronic Dis 9:671-681, 1959 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Middlesex County Hospital Waltham, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1973Volume 79, Issue 6Page: 903-905 Issue Published: 1 December 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Mirror-Image Relationship Between Temperature and Pulse
Authors: B. S. Shah
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> One of the first rules a student of clinical medicine learns today is that a rise of body temperature by 1 °C is associated with an increase in pulse rate of eight beats per minute (Liebermeister's rule). In some disease conditions, a relative tachycardia or bradycardia occurs. In shock, a rapid pulse may be present with cold skin. I noticed a reciprocal or mirrorimage relationship on patients' charts, ie, a rise in temperature was associated with a fall in pulse rate and vice versa. A review of five unselected charts showed this phenomenon to be a transient but recurrent event. All patients were in the intensive care unit, where rectal temperaturesand radial pulse rates were recorded every four hours. Data were available for 928 four-hour periods, an equivalent of 154.66 patient-days. Each interval was scrutinized for this phenomenon, called "temperature pulse opposite" (TPop). The results
Stalking: why do people do it?
Authors: R. Nadkarni
Journal: BMJ (2000)

In June 1997 the Protection from Harassment Act was passed in England and Wales. Commonly referred to as “anti-stalking” legislation, this act allows a person convicted of “pursuing a course of conduct amounting to the harassment of another” to be fined or imprisoned and made subject to a restraining order. When the act was passed it was expected that about 200 cases would arise from it annually. According to the Suzy Lamplugh Trust, however, 1180 people were brought to court under the act in the first six months of 1998,of whom 1013 were convicted.

Although associated with stalking, the harassment act encompasses a wide range of behaviours, not all of which are stalking. Most definitions of stalking include the repeated targeting of a specific victim with harassment or following,1 but the border between legitimate courtship and stalking can be blurred. Generally, to be defined as stalking the behaviour must be unwanted and intrusive.2 We would argue that the stalker must also have an intense preoccupation with the victim.

The range …
Eugenia Calle: In Memoriam (1952–2009)
Authors: Christine B. Ambrosone
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society (ACS), and the cancer research community at large mourns the loss of one its leading cancer epidemiologists, Dr. Eugenia (Jeanne) Calle, whose life abruptly ended in a violent assault on February 17, 2009. Jeanne, an associate
LOFEXIDINE, A CLONIDINE ANALOGUE EFFECTIVE IN OPIATE WITHDRAWAL
Authors: ArnoldM. Washton, RichardB. Resnick, JosephF. Perzel, John Garwood, MarkS. Gold, A.Carter Pottash, WilliamJ. Annitto, Irl Extein, HerbertD. Kleber
Journal: The Lancet (1981)
Rapid childhood T-ALL growth in xenograft models correlates with mature phenotype and NF-κB pathway activation but not with poor prognosis
Authors: S Poglio, X Cahu, B Uzan, C Besnard-Guérin, H Lapillonne, T Leblanc, A Baruchel, J Landman-Parker, A Petit, F Baleydier, S Amsellem, V Baud, P Ballerini, F Pflumio
Journal: Leukemia (2014)