tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5562: High-fat diet feeding increases tumor growth and metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells in the 4T1 orthotopic BALB/c mouse model
Authors: Eun Ji Kim, Mi-Ran Choi, Heesook Park, Minhee Kim, Ji Eun Hong, Jae-Yong Lee, Jung Han Yoon Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We previously observed that chronic consumption of a high fat-diet (HFD) increased the breast cancer-related mortality in the 4T1 orthotopic mouse breast cancer model. In the present study, we determined whether feeding mice with a HFD for a prolonged period increases solid tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells using the 4T1 orthotopic model. 4-week old, female BALB/c mice were fed a purified diet containing 60 kcal% fat (HFD) or 10 kcal% fat (control diet) for a period of 16 weeks. After 16 weeks, 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells (5 × 104 cells) were injected into the inguinal mammary fat pad of syngeneic female BALB/c mice and the mice were continuously fed the same diets. Solid tumor growth was increased in the HFD group as compared to the control diet group. Additionally, chronic consumption of the HFD markedly increased the number and volume of tumor nodules in the lung and liver. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin A, Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor, CD31 (an angiogenesis marker), and CD45 (a monocyte/macrophage marker) was markedly increased in the tumor tissues in the HFD group as compared to control diet group. The protein levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 were significantly increased but those of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were decreased in the lung tissues of the HFD group as compared to control diet group. The serum levels of complement fragment 5a (C5a), interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 were up-regulated in the HFD group as compared to control diet group. We conducted in vitro assays to determine effect of these cytokines, which had been increased in the sera of mice fed on the HFD, on the cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration of 4T1 cells. sICAM-1 increased the viability of 4T1 cells. TREM-1, M-CSF, and sICAM-1 significantly increased the migration of 4T1 cells. Additionally, the capacity of 4T1 cells to adhere to strips coated with human collagen type I was increased by C5a, sICAM-1, IL-16, M-CSF, TIMP-1, and TREM-1. These results indicate that, in addition to adhesion molecules, metalloproteases and pro-angiogenic factors, the cytokines C5a, sICAM-1, IL-16, M-CSF, TIMP-1, and TREM-1 play important roles in the metastasis of mammary cancer cells in mice fed on a HFD for a prolonged period. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5562. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5562
PERIPHERAL MICROVASCULAR FUNCTION IS ALTERED IN YOUNG INDIVIDUALS AT RISK FOR HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AND CORRELATES WITH DIASTOLIC MYOCARDIAL FUNCTION
Authors: Eva Fernlund, Todd Schlegel, Pyotr G. Platonov, Marcus Carlsson, Jonas Carlson, Petru Liuba
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Basic Science for Clinicians
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

In this issue we inaugurate a new feature in the Journal: "Basic Science for Clinicians," a series of didactic reviews that will appear approximately six to eight times each year. Their purpose will be to provide readers with concise, readable summaries of important new developments in the basic biologic sciences.Why basic science in a clinical journal? With so much else claiming their reading time, how can we justify asking busy clinicians to read about advances in basic biology?This new series can be regarded as a successor to "Physiology in Medicine. " That project, which was so ably edited . . .
Bag1 is essential for differentiation and survival of hematopoietic and neuronal cells
Authors: Rudolf Götz, Stefan Wiese, Shinichi Takayama, Guadalupe C Camarero, Wilfried Rossoll, Ulrich Schweizer, Jakob Troppmair, Sibylle Jablonka, Bettina Holtmann, John C Reed, Ulf R Rapp, Michael Sendtner
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2005)
NOTE ON A SUPPOSED SOLUBLE TOXIN, PRODUCED IN ARTIFICIAL CULTURE BY THE BACILLUS OF MALIGNANT OEDEMA
Authors: G. Barger, H. H. Dale
Journal: BMJ (1915)

A-Sl;PJPPO9ED SOLUBLE TOXIN.tDEc. 4, 1q15arnmy because of valvulwr disease of the hlcar.I examined lim, found his respon.se,to effort good, the heart normal in size, and a well-marked systolic Uirmur at the-apex.I gave hira a certificate saying that the lheart was perfectly hlealthy, and that the miiurmti was physiological, indica- tive nieitlier of disease nor irmpairmenut.I told hiim to take this certificate to somile othier recruiting centre than that at wlichl he lhad been rejected.Tlhis he did, was accepted, joinied the army, welnt throughs his training, carrying his pack and enjoying hiis route 1DAxlrches.In coturse of time lie was .inGallipoli in. the trenclies.leading a strenulous life and feeling fit.One (lay in Maya shell exploded near him anld lie was blownl over and became unconscious; lhe was picked up.and taken into hospital.After lie recovered consciousnesls, liCfelt quite fit, but, unlluckily, a miedical officer auscultated hiis.heeati, dectected a nzmurimur, and at once diagnosed valvuilar dlisease of the lheart.He was kept on hiis back for a colnsiderable time, slhifted fromi hos- pital to hospital, repeatedly examined by m-edlical mnen, and given treatm-ient, till finally he was examuinead by a
Endothelium dependent relaxation in chronic heart failure
Authors: H. Drexler, J. Holtz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Endothelium dependent relaxation in chronic heart failure Get access Helmut Drexler, Helmut Drexler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jurgen Holtz Jurgen Holtz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 1994, Pages 720–721, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.5.720a Published: 01 May 1994
Intravenous levosimendan vs. dobutamine in acute decompensated heart failure patients on beta‐blockers
Authors: Claes‐Håkan Bergh, Bert Andersson, Ulf Dahlström, Kolbjorn Forfang, Matti Kivikko, Toni Sarapohja, Bengt Ullman, Gerhard Wikström
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
TRADD Protein Is an Essential Component of the RIG-like Helicase Antiviral Pathway
Authors: Marie-Cécile Michallet, Etienne Meylan, Maria A. Ermolaeva, Jessica Vazquez, Manuele Rebsamen, Joseph Curran, Hendrik Poeck, Michael Bscheider, Gunther Hartmann, Martin König, Ulrich Kalinke, Manolis Pasparakis, Jürg Tschopp
Journal: Immunity (2008)
TCT-345 Successful percutaneous retrieval of entrapped intravascular ultrasonography catheter.
Authors: Kaoru Goya, Kyohei Yamaji, Tomoaki Ito, Shoichi Kuramitsu, Takenori Domei, Makoto Hyodo, Masashi Iwabuchi, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Gene Expression Analysis of the Hepatotoxicant Methapyrilene in Primary Rat Hepatocytes: An Interlaboratory Study
Authors: Johanna M. Beekman, Franziska Boess, Heinrich Hildebrand, Arno Kalkuhl, Laura Suter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Genomics technologies are used in several disciplines, including toxicology. However, these technologies are relatively new, and their applications require further investigations. When investigators apply these technologies to in vitro experiments, two major issues need to be clarified: a) can in vitro toxicity studies, in combination with genomics analyses, be used to predict the toxicity of a compound; and b) are the generated toxicogenomics data reproducible between laboratories? These questions were addressed by an interlaboratory study with laboratories of four pharmaceutical companies. We evaluated gene expression patterns from cultured rat primary hepatocytes after a 24-hr incubation with methapyrilene (MP). Extensive data analysis showed that comparison of genomics data from different sources is complex because both experimental and statistical variability are important confounding factors. However, appropriate statistical tools allowed us to use gene expression profiles to distinguish high-dose-treated cells from vehicle-treated cells. Moreover, we correctly identified MP in an independently generated in vitro database, underlining that in vitro toxicogenomics could be a predictive tool for toxicity. From a mechanistic point of view, despite the observed site-to-site variability, there was good concordance regarding the affected biologic processes. Several subsets of regulated genes were obtained by analyzing the data sets with one method or using different statistical analysis methods. The identified genes are involved in cellular processes that are associated to the exposure of primary hepatocytes to MP. Whether they are specific for MP and are cause or consequence of the toxicity requires further investigations.
Regional changes of ciliary neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor levels in post mortem spinal cord and cerebral cortex from patients with motor disease
Authors: P. Anand, A. Parrett, J. Martin, S. Zeman, P. Foley, M. Swash, P.N. Leigh, J.M. Cedarbaum, R.M. Lindsay, R.E. Williams-Chestnut, D.V. Sinicropi
Journal: Nature Medicine (1995)
Prevention of Renal Damage by Mixtures of Sulphonamides
Authors: D. Lehr
Journal: BMJ (1947)

A new and simple approach to the prevention of concrement formation in the urinary tract caused by sulphonamides emerged from the obEervation that a saturated aqueous or urinary solution of one derivative of sulphanilamide could still be fully saturated with a second and third sulphonamide even if only of slightly different molecular structure, each of the compounds behaving as though it were present alone and exerting no influence on the solubility of the others.Consequently, in solutions con- taining several sulphonamides the maximum obtainable concentration appeared expressed by the additive solu- bilities of all individual drugs present (Lehr, 1945).This principle is illustrated in diagrammatic form in Fig. 1.
609 BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS AND WEEK-4 RESPONSE AMONG 1546 CHC PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HCV GENOTYPE 1, 2, 3 AND 4: INTERIM RESULTS OF THE PROPHESYS COHORT
Authors: G. Dusheiko, F.A. Caruntu, M. Bourlière, D. Ouzan, S. Pol, C. Ferrari, M. Puoti, A. Tice, G.F. Silva, G. Lengyel, C. Ghent, D. Messinger, A. Tietz, A. Mangia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Functional analysis of human bronchial mucosal T cells extracted with interleukin-2.
Authors: J W Upham, C McMenamin, M A Schon-Hegrad, B W Robinson, P G Holt
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Functional analysis of T cells from the bronchial mucosa has been limited by difficulties in extracting T cells from this tissue. Because interleukin-2 (IL-2) is chemotactic for T cells, we determined whether this cytokine could be used to extract T cells from human bronchial wall (BW). Fresh tissue was obtained from 21 patients undergoing surgery for malignancy. Within the BW, 95% of T cells stained for the memory/activation marker CD45RO. When BW sections were incubated with IL-2 for 24 h, 88 to 91% of T cells emigrated into the culture medium. Compared with autologous blood T cells (also exposed to IL-2), these BW T cells expressed CD2 at a greater intensity and showed a fourfold reduction in cloning efficiency in response to phytohemagglutinin, and T-cell clones derived from the BW population displayed a tendency for higher interferon-gamma production. Furthermore, we were also able to extract and clone T cells from bronchoscopic biopsies in four subjects, suggesting that this method will provide a new avenue for examining T-cell function in airway inflammatory diseases.
Abstract 5393: The advantages of acoustic liquid handling for drug sensitivity screening
Authors: Bonnie Edwards
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Recently identified associations between variants of cancer genes and drug resistance have increased the value for comprehensive drug sensitivity screening in combination with molecular profiling of cancer cells. This in turn, has led to a demand for improvements to screening throughput and efficiency. Echo® Liquid Handlers use acoustic energy to provide high throughput, non-contact, liquid handling for a range of applications. Non-contact transfer avoids the risk of cross-contamination, eliminates tip costs, and facilitates the progression to high density assay formats. Echo Liquid handlers precisely and accurately transfer 2.5 nL droplets of sample and reagent, which enables the miniaturization of biochemical screens. This poster discusses the implementation of miniaturized drug sensitivity screening, at the Institute of Molecular Medicine in Finland (FIMM), with assay-ready plates produced by the Echo liquid handler. Citation Format: Bonnie Edwards. The advantages of acoustic liquid handling for drug sensitivity screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5393
On a Simple Method of Operation for Divergent Squint
Authors: R. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1887)

itoyal Portsmouth Hospital, kindly examined the tooth, and sent me the following report: "The tooth is a well-formed right upper ca3ine belonging to the temporary set, and it is a well-developed ;canine for a child of 2 years of age."RACMAnKS.-Irregularity in the number of teeth may occur in either the first or second dentition, and supernumerary teeth may spring up in any part of the dental arch.In shape these teeth are 'generall irreguiar and conical, and they bear no special resemblance to any kind of normal teeth; sometimes, however, they present a lefifilhe outline atid accurately resemble one of the retognised forms.Instahces pf supernumerary incisors, canines, and bicuspids have been rec6rded, but examples of ill-shaped teeth, Without possessing the, characters of any special form, are of frequent occurrence in dental
Set theoretic foundations for a theory of human memory
Authors: Hans Colonius
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

A formal language to implement a computational-level theory of memory cannot be based on standard (Zermelo-Fraenkel) set theory. For correct models of a memory database to exist, non-well-founded sets must be permitted. This is illustrated by modifying an example from Barwise &amp; Moss (1991).
Biochemical Correlates of Cardiac Hypertrophy: IV. OBSERVATIONS ON THE CELLULAR ORGANIZATION OF GROWTH DURING MYOCARDIAL HYPERTROPHY IN THE RAT
Authors: D. Grove, R. Zak, K. G. Nair, V. Aschenbrenner
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

The mechanisms by which the DNA content of the heart increases following acutely induced cardiac hypertrophy were investigated in mature Sprague-Dawley rats. Special attention was given to the cellular organization of the growth process. Autoradiographic studies provided conclusive evidence that the uptake of tritiated thymidine is completely limited to nonmuscular cellular elements, chiefly connective tissue cells. The frequency of labeled nuclei was increased by sixfold during hypertrophy. The thymidine pool was not appreciably different in the hypertrophied hearts. Connective tissue nuclei formed a larger proportion of the total nuclear population in hypertrophied hearts, and their distribution was less uniform than in the normal heart. Quantitative histologic studies also showed that the total number of left ventricular muscle cell nuclei did not increase during hypertrophy but rather may have decreased slightly. Both the concentration and the total amount of hydroxyproline increased in parallel with the proliferative changes in the connective tissue and provide further supportive evidence to the autoradiographic and histologic studies.
Serum Potassium Determination
Authors: William D. Snively
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Flame measurement of the serum level of potassium one of the most accurate of laboratory tests. However accurately performed, the serum potassium determination has certain limitations. Thus, one must bear in mind that the serum potassium level measures the concentration of potassium in the extracellular fluid, not the total body potassium or the potassium of the cells. In an adult whose total body potassium is 3,000 mEq, only 50 to 70 mEq normally is present in the extracellular fluid. This extracellular potassium slowly exchanges with the cellular potassium through the permeable cell membrane when stimulated by changes in the pH of the extracellular fluid. <h3>Potassium in Transit</h3> Of several factors that determine the extracellular level of potassium, only one is the cellular store. Since the cells gain or lose potassium via the extracellular fluid—a sort of middleman fluid—the serum potassium level really represents<i>potassium in transit</i>. A low, normal, or
Hepatic and extrahepatic glucuronidation of bile acids in man. Characterization of bile acid uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase in hepatic, renal, and intestinal microsomes.
Authors: S Matern, H Matern, E H Farthmann, W Gerok
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward the bile acids (chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic, lithocholic, and glycolithocholic) has been detected in human specimens of liver, kidney, and intestinal mucosa. The characteristics of hepatic and extrahepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities toward these bile acids were compared with respect to kinetic parameters and other catalytic properties. Whereas no organ-specific differences in the affinities of individual bile acids to hepatic and extrahepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases were observed, the individual bile acids showed reaction rates in liver that were about twice the rates estimated in kidney and about twice to three times the rates observed in duodenal mucosa. In intestinal mucosa the rate of chenodeoxycholic acid glucuronidation exhibited a progressive decrease from duodenum to colon, where it was 30% of the duodenal level. Comparison of the glucuronidation rates that were estimated with different bile acids in hepatic or extrahepatic tissues showed that for each organ a bile acid structure-activity relationship existed, with highest activity observed for lithocholic and ursodeoxycholic acids, which was about twofold higher compared with chenodeoxycholic or deoxycholic acids. Lowest activity was estimated for glycolithocholic acid. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward chenodeoxycholic acid was studied in biopsy specimens of liver that were obtained from a large group of patients with the following liver diseases: liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, granulomatous hepatitis, fatty liver hepatitis, and fatty liver. A significant decrease in enzyme activity was observed in patients with liver cirrhosis and in patients with granulomatous hepatitis compared with patients without liver disease.
Anti-Literature Campaign
Authors: F. A. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I have just finished throwing out a large number of medical magazines which come almost daily through the mail. They come so rapidly that I soon lack for space to file them. It is about time that we try to curb production of free-lancing magazines, especially since the average man in medicine just does not have the time to read them, and a lot of good paper is being wasted. The only possible solution I can envision is through action by the American Medical Association, by a system of approval or disapproval. Certainly, some positive action could be taken along this line. For my part, I am writing to certain magazines and asking them to remove a certain name from their mailing lists, so that my office will not be cluttered with material neither desired nor appreciated.
Resistance trained athletes using or not using anabolic steroids compared to runners: effects on cardiorespiratory variables, body composition, and plasma lipids.
Authors: R Yeater, C Reed, I Ullrich, A Morise, M Borsch
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether there is a difference in cardiac size and function as well as in body composition, aerobic capacity, and blood lipids between resistance trained athletes who use anabolic steroids and those who do not, and to compare them to university cross country athletes. METHODS--Four groups of men were evaluated: recreational lifters, n = 11, lifting &lt; 10 h.week-1; heavy lifters, n = 16, lifting &gt; 10 h.week-1; steroid users, n = 8, same as heavy lifters and used steroids; runners, n = 8, university track members. Echocardiograms, body composition (hydrostatic weighing), maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2), and lipids were studied. RESULTS--As expected, Vo2 (ml.kg-1.min-1), was greatest in the runners, with no difference among the lifting groups. High density lipoprotein cholesterol in the steroid user group was lower than in heavy lifters or runners. Left ventricular internal diastolic dimension was similar among the groups. The left ventricular mass index of the steroid user group was significantly greater than recreational lifters, at 161 v 103. There was no difference among heavy lifters (127), runners (124), and steroid users. There was no compromise in diastolic function in any group. There were no differences among groups in resting or exercise blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS--Resistance training in the absence of steroid use results in the same positive effects on cardiac dimensions, diastolic function, and blood lipids as aerobic training.
Pathogenic Micro-Organisms Including Bacteria and Protozoa. A Practical Manual for Students, Physicians and Health Officers.
Authors: William Hallock Park, Anna Wessels Williams
Journal: JAMA (1906)

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