tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Orange Wire Problem and Other Tales From the Doctor’s Office
Authors: Susan Arjmand
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reproducibility of haemodynamic measurements by impedance cardiography
Authors: V L VEIGL, W V JUDY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Impedance cardiography was used to measure heart rate (HR), stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular ejection time (t) in four subjects at rest and in eight subjects anticipating exercise and working at loads of 49, 98 and 147 watts on a bicycle ergometer. The resting measurements were repeated five times over a 2 week period and the exercise measurements were repeated three times at weekly intervals. Analysis of variance testing indicated that none of the variables changed significantly from day to day (P>0.1). All variables changed with exercise and all but t changed from subject to subject (P<0.01). Coefficients of variation for CI, SI, HR and t were 10, 12,8 and 1 % respectively at rest and rose to 16, 13,5 and 6% during exercise. There was a high linear correlation between work load and CI (r = 0.96). The data indicate that noninvasive impedance cardiography can be used to obtain reproducible measurements of CI, SI, HR and t during rest and immediately after exercise.
87 HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION INHIBITS INTERFERON INDUCED NUCLEAR STAT-1 TRANSLOCATION AND ACTIVATION OF GENES OF THE INNATE RESPONSE IN HUMAN HEPATOCYTES IN CHIMERIC UPA MICE
Authors: T. Bornscheuer, L. Allweiss, T. Volz, M. Lutgehetmann, J. Petersen, A.W. Lohse, M. Dandri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
REMOVAL OF FOREIGN BODIES FROM THE AIR PASSAGES.
Authors: DE FOREST WILLARD
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The entrance of a foreign body into the larynx is at once the signal for violent expulsive efforts, and in the majority of instances voluntary extrusion is accomplished. Should the object, however, pass the vocal cords, the route to the bifurcation of the trachea is free and unobstructed. At the bifurcation, as the right bronchus is larger and turns at a less abrupt angle to reach the root of the lung, the body is more likely to fall into its lumen, although this result is by no means positive.‡ If the object is of irregular shape it will not closely fit, and violent efforts at coughing may still loosen it. It may, however, be arrested in its reverse course at the vocal cords. The violence of the efforts, and the interference with the air supply, unfortunately make inspiratory suction as sudden and nearly as intense as expiration, and the offending
Sialic Acid of Human Blood Platelets*
Authors: Morton A. Madoff, Shirley Ebbe, Mario Baldini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

Sialic acid has been demonstrated in the blood platelets of man and other species (1, 2), but its function in these elements is unknown.Jeru- shalmy, Kohn, and de Vries (3) and others (4, 5) have shown that Myxoviruses are adsorbed to and eluted from blood platelets.Bacterial neur- aminidase, which liberates free sialic acid by cleavage of the a-ketosidic linkage between ter- minal sialic acid and galactose or galactosamine (6), interferes with these platelet adsorptionelution phenomena (3) in a manner qualitatively similar to its effect on erythrocytes (7) and leu- kocytes (8).The electrophoretic mobility of platelets is reduced after neuraminidase treatment (3), again mimicking the behavior of the other blood elements (9, 10).Our investigations have yielded previously un- known data concerning the type and distribution of sialic acid in the platelet and its availability to viral and bacterial neuraminidases. Materials and MethodsHuman group 0, Rh-positive blood was collected by antecubital puncture into plastic bags containing EDTA anticoagulant 1 (1.5% disodium ethylenediaminetetraace- tate in 0.7%o NaCl).The plasma was separated by cen- trifugation at 290 X g at 40 C for 25 minutes in an In- *
Detection and Follow Up of Biliary Leak on Tc-99m DIDA SPECT-CT Scans
Authors: Kian Giap (Martin) Tan, F Dylan Bartholomeusz, Barry E. Chatterton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 62-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy complicated 24 hours later by severe right upper quadrant pain and ileus. Dynamic Tc-99m DIDA (di-isopropyl iminodiacetic acid) cholescintigraphy showed perihepatic tracer accumulation suspicious of a bile leak from the cystic duct. Combined SPECT-CT scans confirmed extrabiliary pooling of tracer anterior to the liver consistent with biliary leakage. Repeat laparoscopy revealed significant bile peritonitis and a slipped surgical clip from the cystic duct stump. After reclipping of the cystic duct stump, a repeat cholescintigraphy showed no further bile leak. The SPECT-CT scan was useful in detecting and confirming the site of the bile leak.
Mustard allergy confirmed by double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges: clinical features and cross‐reactivity with mugwort pollen and plant‐derived foods
Authors: J. Figueroa, C. Blanco, A. G. Dumpiérrez, L. Almeida, N. Ortega, R. Castillo, L. Navarro, E. Pérez, M. D. Gallego, T. Carrillo
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Mustard IgE‐mediated allergy is supposed to be a rare cause of food allergy, and its clinical features and cross‐reactivities have not been fully elucidated. Methods: A prospective study was carried out, recruiting mustard allergic patients, and paired control subjects. A clinical questionnaire was administered, and skin‐prick tests (SPT) with panels of aeroallergens and foods, serum extraction for in vitro tests and double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) were performed. Results: Thirty‐eight mainly adult patients, with 10.5% reporting systemic anaphylaxis, were included in the study [age (mean ± SD): 21.9 ± 8.6 years]. DBPCFC were performed in 24 patients, being positive in 14 cases (58.3%). Patients with positive outcome showed significantly greater mustard SPT than those with negative outcome (8.2 ± 3.7 vs 5.3 ± 2.4 mm, P &lt; 0.05), and the receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis yielded a cut‐off value for mustard commercial SPT of 8 mm, with a specificity of 90% (95% CI, 55.5–98.3), and a sensitivity of 50% (95% CI, 23.1–76.9). A significant association between mustard hypersensitivity and mugwort pollen sensitization was found (97.4% of patients), with partial cross‐reactivity demonstrated by UniCAP System inhibition assays. All patients showed sensitization to other members of Brassicaceae family, and cross‐reactivity among them was also confirmed. Moreover, significant associations with nut (97.4%), leguminous (94.7%), corn (78.9%), and Rosaceae fruit (89.5%) sensitizations were also shown. Around 40% of these food sensitizations were symptomatic, including food‐dependent exercise‐induced anaphylaxis in six patients. Conclusions: Mustard allergy is a not‐uncommon disorder that can induce severe reactions. Significant associations with mugwort pollinosis and several plant‐derived food allergies are demonstrated, suggesting a new mustard–mugwort allergy syndrome. A relationship between this syndrome and food‐dependent exercise‐induced anaphylaxis is also reported.
Drug related deaths in Europe are falling
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The number of drug related deaths across Europe has fallen after rising for several years; heroin use in many countries has stabilised; and the HIV epidemic among injecting drug users in central and eastern Europe is slowing down.



In addition, measures to reduce drug related harm are intensifying, and drug users across Europe have better access to treatment and care.

These are the …
Human adipose tissue-derived cells delay re-epithelialization in comparison with skin fibroblasts in organotypic skin culture
Authors: A. El-Ghalbzouri, A.J. Van Den Bogaerdt, J. Kempenaar, M. Ponec
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Wound healing of deep and extensive burns can induce hypertrophic scar formation. During the early steps of wound healing fibroblasts migrate into the wounded area. Fibroblastic cells present in tissues other than dermis may also migrate into the wounded area and participate in the wound healing process. Objectives To examine the influence of human fibroblastic cells derived from subcutaneous fat or dermis on epidermal morphogenesis in vitro. Methods We prepared human skin equivalents (HSEs) made of a collagen type I matrix populated either with dermal fibroblasts or adipose tissue-derived cells (ADCs), on top of which keratinocytes were seeded and subsequently grown at the air–liquid interface. Results A fully differentiated epidermis was formed on matrices populated with ADCs. However, the HSE formed differed in a number of features from HSE generated with dermal fibroblasts. The major differences included: marked contraction of the dermal matrix, low lateral migration of keratinocytes, high keratin 17 expression indicating increased keratinocyte activation, delayed deposition of collagen IV at the epidermal/matrix junction, accumulation of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells only underneath the epidermal compartment and positioning of these cells in a direction parallel to the epidermal compartment. The latter two phenomena have also been found in scar tissue. Conclusions The possibility of generating HSEs with different cell types represents an attractive approach for in vitro studies focusing on the mechanism of wound healing.
Smoking and Cancer
Authors: John A. Schumaker
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While reading the article "The Respiratory Effects of Chloromethyl Methyl Ether" (234: 1139, 1975) by Weiss and Boucot, we were surprised to find a report of an inverse relationship between the amount of smoking and the incidence of cancer in this special group. Since these results would appear to be inconsistent with the research that has been reported, we would like to raise some questions concerning their procedures: The number of cases of those getting cancer in the categories considered was quite small for accurate analysis with the chi-square technique that the authors used. Ex-smokers and pipe-cigar smokers were incorporated in the category of nonsmoker. This appears to be an invalid categorization. It is uncertain from the definition of nonsmoker used in the study as to whether the persons assigned to the nonsmoking category had never smoked at all or were actually former smokers
Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT in the Differential Diagnosis of the Dementias With Histopathologic Confirmation
Authors: Frederick J. Bonte, Thomas S. Harris, Linda S. Hynan, Eileen H. Bigio, Charles L. White
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

The purpose of this study is to determine the value of Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT in the diagnosis of the dementias, with particular reference to Alzheimer disease.Tc-99m HMPAO was used with a 3-camera scanner to produce 5 sets of sectional images of the brain. Diagnosis was made by a physician blinded to the clinical diagnosis. Results in 49 subjects were ultimately compared with neuropathologic study of the brain at autopsy.Sensitivity = 86.7% (68.4-95.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]), specificity = 89.5% (65.5-98.2% CI), positive predictive value = 92.9% (75.0-98.8% CI), negative predictive value = 81% (57.4-93.7% CI), accuracy = 87.8% (74.5-94.9% CI), likelihood ratio = 8.23% (7.09-9.57% CI).Comparison is made with several other SPECT and PET series with histopathologic correlation. Brain blood flow SPECT is useful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the dementias.
Varying Appearance of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia in Nuclear Medicine Imaging
Authors: Erzsébet Schmidt, Eszter Udvaros, Zsuzsa Szabó, Katalin Zámbó
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

The focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common benign hepatic tumor, which contains variable quantities of normal hepatic cellular elements: Kupffer cells, hepatocytes, bile ducts, and blood vessels. Two patients with suspicion of FNH were investigated by colloidal, blood pool, and hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Dynamic perfusion examination (with labeled RBCs), planar and SPECT studies were performed in all cases. Diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination. We suggest the importance of combined imaging because of various appearance of the tumor. In our experience SPECT imaging after a planar study is a useful sequence, especially in small tumors in the exact location of activity.
Measurement of liver volume and hepatic functional reserve as a guide to decision-making in resectional surgery for hepatic tumors
Authors: K Kubota, M Makuuchi, K Kusaka, T Kobayashi, K Miki, K Hasegawa, Y Harihara, T Takayama
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The respective volumes of hepatic tumors and nontumorous parenchyma of 50 patients requiring hepatectomy of more than one segment of Healey for tumor removal were measured using computed tomography (Vol-CT). The volume estimated by Vol-CT was found to correlate with the real weight resected ( P &lt; .0001) with a mean absolute error of 64.9 mL. The ratio of the nontumorous parenchymal volume of the resected liver to that of the whole liver (R2) in 15 patients who underwent right or extended right hepatic lobectomy was 43% ± 15%. Eight of 15 patients with R2s &lt; 60% underwent the procedures without right portal vein embolization (PE). The other seven with R2s exceeding 60% or an indocyanine green retention rate after 15 minutes (ICG15) of 10% to 20% underwent PE: in six of seven, the nontumorous parenchyma of the right hepatic lobe became atrophic and in all seven, the volume of the remaining left hepatic lobe increased with a decrease in the mean R2 from 62% ± 14% to 55% ± 8% ( P = .0006). In the remaining 35 who underwent other hepatectomy procedures, R2s also remained &lt;60%. Overall, at surgery, in 27 with normal liver function (ICG15 &lt; 10%), R2s exceeded 60% in one, remained at 50% to 60% in five, and &lt;50% in 21, whereas 23 patients except for one with an ICG15 exceeding 10%, had R2s of &lt;50%. The postoperative serum total bilirubin levels in 84% of the patients remained within the normal range and there was no surgery-related mortality. In conclusion, 1) Vol-CT can accurately assess the extent of liver resection, 2) individuals with normal liver function can undergo resection of up to 60% of the nontumorous parenchyma without the need for PE, and 3) PE can be used to reduce the size of the resected tissue and increase the volume of the remnant liver to approximate the target limits in individuals with large tumors or minimally abnormal liver function.
STUDIES ON THE O ANTIGEN OF SALMONELLA TYPHOSA
Authors: Arthur G. Johnson, Sidney Gaines, Maurice Landy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

Quantitative studies have demonstrated that a purified lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) derived from the O-901 strain of Salmonella typhosa markedly enhanced the antibody response of rabbits when given separately or in conjunction with protein antigens. The augmentation of antibody levels varied from 2- to 40-fold with the number of injections, the dosage of antigen and endotoxin, and the route of administration. This antibody-enhancing property was found to be common to a broad group of endotoxins from Gram-negative bacilli and was not restricted to the lipopolysaccharide derived from S. typhosa. Factors affecting this enhancement were investigated, and data are presented which indicate that host susceptibility to endotoxin is a prerequisite for elevation of antibody levels; the intact lipopolysaccharide, as isolated, might not be essential for this activity; and the rate of clearance of antigen from the circulation of rabbits was accelerated when endotoxin was given in conjunction with protein. The data obtained are discussed in relation to postulated mechanisms on the antibody-enhancing action of endotoxin.
Abstract 11: A requirement for SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 phosphorylation in BCR-ABL-mediated transformation
Authors: Jilong Chen, Xiaoxue Qiu, Guijie Guo, Ke Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that constitutive activation of JAK/STAT signaling is required for efficient transformation by the Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV), which expresses v-Abl oncoprotein. Importantly, there is increasing evidence that deregulation of the JAK or STAT activity plays a critical role in BCR-ABL-induced malignant transformation. SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 are inhibitors of JAK-STAT pathway and as such are involved in a negative feedback loop of cytokine signaling. However, the mechanism by which Abl oncogene bypasses SOCS inhibitory regulation remains poorly defined. Here, we found that co-expression of BCR-ABL with SOCS-1 or SOCS-3 resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of these SOCS proteins. Interestingly, tyrosine-phosphorylated SOCS-1 was detected in three of five primary CML samples which express BCR-ABL. BCR-ABL-dependent phosphorylation of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 occurred mainly on Tyr 155 and Tyr 204 residues of SOCS-1, and Tyr 221 residue of SOCS-3. Phosphorylation of these SOCS proteins was associated with its binding to BCR-ABL, and this interaction was disrupted by mutation of the sites of SOCS phosphorylation. We demonstrated that BCR-ABL-dependent phosphorylation of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 alters their inhibitory effects on the activation of JAK1 and JAK2 and thereby enhances JAK-STAT signaling. Moreover, disrupting the tyrosine phosphorylation of SOCS-1 or SOCS-3 promotes K562 leukemic cells to undergo apoptosis and blocks tumor formation in mouse model. Together, these results reveal a requirement for tyrosine phosphorylation of SOCS-1 and SCOCS-3 in BCR-ABL-mediated transformation in the presence of these SOCS proteins. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 11. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-11
CONCENTRIC LV REMODELING IS RELATED TO DECREASED CIRCUMFERENTIAL STRAIN AND STRAIN RATE AFTER EXERCISE IN OBESE PATIENTS.
Authors: Boaz Rosen, Travis Ault, Theophilus Owan, Bhavananda Reddy, Ronny Jiji, Ted Adams, Ted Adams, Steven Hunt, Sheldon E. Litwin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
In the Wake of Hurricane Andrew-Reply
Authors: Emily Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I appreciate the clarifications offered by Drs McDonnell and Hlady to statements made by people I interviewed. I also wish to offer a clarification or two. First, estimates of deaths attributable to Hurricane Andrew ranged from 13 to nearly 100, depending on the definition of cause being used (eg, do heart attacks occurring during cleanup operations count?). I used the number preferred by those close to the situation whom I interviewed, but have no argument with the "official" figure of 14 (13 and 15 have also been reported). As for the real or perceived threat of infection from<i>Han</i><i>tavirus</i>or other agents after the storm, my article addressed the possible threat and did not indicate that any outbreaks occurred. As for the usefulness of mass immunization, I am aware that opinion in the scientific community is split; indeed, an epidemiologist of my acquaintance believes that mass immunization
Study Suggests Gene May Predict Success of Therapies for Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

the drug would be withdrawn, and now [the agency is] saying, ‘We will wait for moredata,’”Redberg said. “Idonot think that is progress, and I do not feel comfortable prescribing a drug without any data.” Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston, said the actions unfolding around midodrine highlight the FDA’s inability to react quickly to developing circumstances. “The FDA is trying to get studies done that should have happened 15 years ago, and it has to go through this cumbersome regulatory process,” Kesselheim said. “But to lay the blame at the feet of the FDA is falling short; it is the company that fell down here.” Redberg, who coauthored a commentary on the midodrine situation (Dhruva SS and Redberg RF. JAMA. 2010;304[19]:2172-2173), said the issue is not really about this single drug, but about the accelerated approval process. “The problem is not just for midodrine,” Redberg said. “It sends a strong message to every other drug approved with accelerated approval that while the FDA requires follow-up studies, what it really is saying is, ‘Oh, by the way, we do not really mean it.’”
Suppression of Inflammation in Primary Systemic Vasculitis Restores Vascular Endothelial Function: Lessons for Atherosclerotic Disease?
Authors: K. Raza, J. Thambyrajah, J. N. Townend, A. R. Exley, C. Hortas, A. Filer, D. M. Carruthers, P. A. Bacon
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorders are associated with excess cardiovascular mortality. This may result from arteriosclerosis following inflammatory damage to the vessel wall by vasculitis. Our hypothesis that vasculitis results in arteriosclerosis by causing vascular endothelial dysfunction was tested in patients with primary systemic necrotizing vasculitis (SNV). Methods and Results —Endothelial function was assessed in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of patients with primary SNV by measuring flow-mediated, endothelium-dependent brachial artery vasodilatation. These patients exhibited marked endothelial dysfunction compared with controls. Remission induction in patients with active primary SNV restored endothelial function. Conclusions —Endothelial function is significantly impaired in adults with primary SNV, supporting the hypothesis that premature arteriosclerosis in chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorders results from endothelial dysfunction secondary to vasculitis. Normalization of endothelial function after the treatment of primary SNV suggests that early suppression of disease activity in chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorders may reduce long-term vascular damage. The role of inflammation in atheroma formation is increasingly appreciated; this work raises questions regarding the potential for anti-inflammatory therapy in atherosclerosis itself.
Effect of albumin in cirrhotic patients with infection other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. A randomized trial
Authors: Thierry Thévenot, Christophe Bureau, Frédéric Oberti, Rodolphe Anty, Alexandre Louvet, Aurélie Plessier, Marika Rudler, Alexandra Heurgué-Berlot, Isabelle Rosa, Nathalie Talbodec, Thong Dao, Violaine Ozenne, Nicolas Carbonell, Xavier Causse, Odile Goria, Anne Minello, Victor De Ledinghen, Roland Amathieu, Hélène Barraud, Eric Nguyen-Khac, Claire Becker, Thierry Paupard, Danielle Botta-Fridlung, Naceur Abdelli, François Guillemot, Elisabeth Monnet, Vincent Di Martino
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)