tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rotator-Cuff Failure
Authors: Frederick A. Matsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 63-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of progressive weakness and discomfort in her right shoulder, especially when she puts dishes on the top shelf in her kitchen. She is otherwise healthy and has had no injuries. Physical examination shows some atrophy of the muscles in the right shoulder and weakness when the right arm is elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging shows a large defect in the rotator cuff. How should her case be managed?
Berlin police investigate murder attempt in laboratory
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A murder attempt in the University Hospital Charite, Berlin, is proving a difficult case for the police.

The incident happened on 5 March 2004 when a 36 year old cardiologist, known only as Felix M, working at the Biomedical Research Centre of the Virchow Campus, took a drink from a water bottle. Although initially he did not notice any effect, some hours later …
Elevated prolidase activity in keloids: correlation with type I collagen turnover
Authors: H.S. Duong, Q-Z. Zhang, A.D. Le, A.P. Kelly, R. Kamdar, D.V. Messadi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Keloid pathogenesis involves an altered balance of extracellular matrix metabolism, mainly accumulation of type I collagen. This could be due to excessive synthesis or decreased degradation of matrix, or a combination of both processes. Prolidase, an imidodipeptide-cleaving cytosolic enzyme, plays an important role in the collagen catabolic process by recycling proline for collagen synthesis. Collagen accumulation in keloids is due to an imbalance in the steady state of collagen turnover.To investigate prolidase activity and its role in the steady state of collagen turnover between normal skin and keloid tissue and their derived fibroblasts.Ten sets of keloid and normal skin tissues and their derived fibroblasts were employed. Measurements were made of tissue prolidase activity, free proline level, and concentrations of the collagen synthesis product aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) and the collagen degradative product carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). Also, synthesis of collagens type I and III and matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2 was investigated using Western blot analysis.Keloid tissues had a significant increase in prolidase activity, up to fourfold that in normal skin. The elevated prolidase activity was accompanied by an increase in tissue PINP and ICTP concentrations in keloid; in addition, the collagen turnover index (PINP/ICTP) was higher in keloids.The combination of elevated prolidase activity and associated higher collagen synthesis to degradation ratio in keloids suggests a possible metabolic process for the excessive accumulation of type I collagen in keloids.
TG101209, a novel JAK2 inhibitor, has significant in vitro activity in multiple myeloma and displays preferential cytotoxicity for CD45+ myeloma cells
Authors: Vijay Ramakrishnan, Teresa Kimlinger, Jessica Haug, Michael Timm, Linda Wellik, Timothy Halling, Animesh Pardanani, Ayalew Tefferi, Sundararasan Vincent Rajkumar, Shaji Kumar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Interaction of myeloma cells with the bone marrow microenvironment is mediated in large part through different cytokines, especially VEGF and IL6. These cytokines, especially IL6, leads to upregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway in myeloma cell, contributing to increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and acquired drug resistance. Here, we examined the preclinical activity of a novel JAK2 inhibitor TG101209. TG101209 induced dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in a variety of multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines. The induction of cytotoxicity was associated with inhibition of cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in myeloma cell lines and patient-derived plasma cells. Evaluation of U266 cell lines and patient cells, which have a mix of CD45 positive and negative cells, demonstrated more profound cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity of the drug on the CD45+ population relative to the CD45- cells. Exploring the mechanism of action of TG101209 indicated downregulation of pJak2, pStat3, and Bcl-xl levels with upregulation of pErk and pAkt levels indicating cross talk between signaling pathways. TG101209, when used in combination with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, demonstrated synergistic cytotoxicity against myeloma cells. Our results provide the rationale for clinical evaluation of TG101209 alone or in combination with PI3K/Akt inhibitors in MM.
Angina Pectoris at Rest with Preservation of Exercise Capacity
Authors: REX N. MACALPIN, ALBERT A. KATTUS, ANTHONY B. ALVARO
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Twenty patients with Prinzmetal's variant of angina are described and the literature on the subject is reviewed. This syndrome is characterized by anginal attacks at rest with S-T segment elevation, while exercise capacity is well preserved. Coronary arteriography usually demonstrates significant, focal, obstuctive disease of the major coronary artery predicted from the distribution of S-T elevation seen in the ECG during attacks. Occasionally the coronary disease is minimal or absent. The cause of attacks is believed to be transient, spastic occlusion of a major coronary artery, which was actually observed during surgery in one case. Because of this unusual pathophysiology, these patients may not make ideal candidates for isolated saphenous vein bypass surgery. Other diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications of this interesting anginal syndrome are discussed.
The Rap GTPases Regulate B Cell Morphology, Immune-Synapse Formation, and Signaling by Particulate B Cell Receptor Ligands
Authors: Kevin B.L. Lin, Spencer A. Freeman, Saba Zabetian, Hayley Brugger, Michele Weber, Victor Lei, May Dang-Lawson, Kathy W.K. Tse, Rene Santamaria, Facundo D. Batista, Michael R. Gold
Journal: Immunity (2008)
AN INCREASED RISK OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS BY A LARGE NUMBER OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS: RISK ASSESSMENT IN LONG QT SYNDROME
Authors: Taina Hintsa, Marko Elovainio, Markus Jokela, Mirka Hintsanen, Heikki Swan, Lauri Toivonen, Kimmo Kontula, Liisa Keltikangas-Jarvinen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids reduces the severity of renal disease in 5/6 nephrectomized rats: a role for KLF15
Authors: Xiang Gao, Lianghu Huang, Fabrizio Grosjean, Vittoria Esposito, Jianxiang Wu, Lili Fu, Huimin Hu, Jiangming Tan, Cijian He, Susan Gray, Mukesh K. Jain, Feng Zheng, Changlin Mei
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Three novel mutations in five unrelated subjects with hereditary protein S deficiency type I.
Authors: P H Reitsma, H K Ploos van Amstel, R M Bertina
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

A panel of eight unrelated subjects with inherited type I protein S deficiency was screened for mutations in the PROS1 gene. In five subjects an abnormality was found but mutations were not detected in the remaining three subjects. Two subjects shared a G-->A transition at position +5 of the donor splice site consensus sequence of intron 10. Also in two subjects an A-->T transversion was detected in the stopcodon of the PROS1 gene; this transversion predicts a protein S molecule that is extended by 14 amino acids. The fifth subject was found to possess two sequence abnormalities. One allele carried a G-->A transition near the donor splice junction of intron 2, but this abnormality is probably neutral, since it was inherited from the parent with normal protein S antigen levels. In the other allele a single T insertion in codon -25 was found. Analysis of platelet RNA showed that only the mRNA with the A-->T mutation in the stopcodon is present in amounts comparable to wildtype RNA. mRNA from the alleles with the other two mutations was either undetectable or present in greatly reduced amounts. The latter indicates that a mRNA based approach is not feasible for the genetic analysis of protein S deficiency type I.
Effect of Acute Sympathectomy on Responses to Angiotensin and Norepinephrine
Authors: B. G. Zimmerman
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The vasopressor response to angiotensin administered intra-arterially to the perfused hindquarters of the dog was reduced significantly after acute sympathectomy. Responses to norepinephrine and tyramine remained unchanged. Similar results were obtained following gangliouic blockade with hexamethonium and cervical spinal transection. After the response to augiotensin was reduced following sympathectomy, the cut lumbar sympathetic nerves were stimulated electrically. During the period of stimulation, an increase in the vasoconstrictor effect to angiotensin was obtained, but complete restoration to the control magnitude was not seen consistently. Possible mechanisms for the reduction in the response to angiotensin following sympathectomy are discussed. The present evidence suggests that the tonic discharge of normally functioning sympathetic nerves is capable of facilitating the response to angiotensin and that sympathectomy results in an abolition of this effect.
Rapid detection of genotypes and mutations in the pre-core promoter and the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus genome: correlation with viral persistence and disease severity
Authors: Cécile Grandjacques, Pierre Pradat, Lieven Stuyver, Michèle Chevallier, Philippe Chevallier, Christian Pichoud, Mireille Maisonnas, Christian Trépo, Fabien Zoulim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Adrenal Scan in 17-?-Hydroxylase Deficiency: False Indication of Adrenal Adenoma
Authors: RICHARD M. SHORE, LIONEL M. LIEBERMAN, THOMAS J. NEWMAN, AARON FRIEDMAN, GERALD J. BARGMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

A patient who was thought to have testicular feminization syndrome and primary aldosteronism had an adrenal scan that suggested an adrenal adenoma. After later diagnosis of a 17-α-hydroxylase deficiency, she was treated with glucocorticoids rather than surgery. Her clinical course and a repeat adrenal scan confirmed that she did not have a tumor.
A New Electrocardiographic Algorithm Using Retrograde P Waves for Differentiating Atrioventricular Node Reentrant Tachycardia From Atrioventricular Reciprocating Tachycardia Mediated by Concealed Accessory Pathway
Authors: Ching-Tai Tai, Shih-Ann Chen, Chern-En Chiang, Shih-Huang Lee, Zu-Chi Wen, Chuen-Wang Chiou, Kwo-Chang Ueng, Yi-Jen Chen, Wen-Chung Yu, Mau-Song Chang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
A NEW MEMBER OF THE PSITTACOSIS-LYMPHOGRANULOMA GROUP OF VIRUSES THAT CAUSES INFECTION IN CALVES
Authors: Charles J. York, James A. Baker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1951)

From portions of intestine and feces of apparently normal calves, a virus that produces elementary bodies was procured in guinea pigs and in embryonated eggs. Morphologically and tinctorially this virus closely resembled members of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group of viruses and it shared a common antigen or antigens with them. Comparison of serological, pathogenic, and other properties indicated that this virus from calves is a new member of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group and in keeping with classification practices it is provisionally named Miyagawanella bovis. Miyagawanella bovis when fed to experimental calves established an infection in the intestinal tract that resembled the inapparent infection seen in natural cases but failed to produce evident disease. Ability of the virus to infect experimental animals by feeding, and its presence in feces of infected animals indicate its natural mode of spread. This method of dissemination and persistence of virus for long periods of time in infected animals suggested the virus should be widespread and more than 60 per cent of the calves in the vicinity of lthaca were found to be infected.
783-4 Follow-up Results of Transvenous Occlusion of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with the Adjustable Buttoned Device
Authors: P. Syamasundar Rao, Jorge Haddad, Christian Rey, Gerd Hausdort, Ann Worms, Eustaquio Onorato, Ramesh Arora, Rajeev Lochan, P Seshagiri Rao, B.S. Raju, Eleftherios B. Sideris
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The Detection of Depression and the Financing of Medical Care
Authors: Harold D. Cross
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  I address two issues that the article by Wells et al 1 raises: the detection of depression and the systems of health care.  Wells et al found that the system of financing medical care had little relationship to the detection of depression. I commend their use of questionnaires to detect emotional problems, for two reasons: first, questionnaires are effective, efficient, and reliable in alerting patient and physician to problems. Second, questionnaires, in my experience, 2,3 act as an agent of change. As I reported in 1972, even when the patient has completed it and it has somehow been misplaced, lost or not processed, the patient relates more specifically, reliably and with better under-standing.  Psychiatric problems are not the only poorly recognized problems in this country. Patients with abnormal urinalysis and culture results often go unrecognized; patients with moderate to severe impairment of respiratory status often go to
Fatal Immune Thrombocytopenia Induced by Ethchlorvynol
Authors: ERIC S. JACOBSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

A case of recurring fulminant thrombocytopenia is described. Three of the five documented thrombocytopenic episodes are known to have been preceded by ingestion of ethclorvynol. The last ingestion was followed by an episode that resulted in the death of the patient. Hematologic values were normal between episodes. Various drugs that appeared to be related temporally to the patient's crises were screened for antiplatelet activity in vitro in the presence of the patient's serum. Ethchlorvynol inhibited clot retraction; no other agent had this effect. The author concludes that the thrombocytopenia was induced by this drug. This is believed to be the first case of thrombocytopenia to have been induced by ethchlorvynol.
PARAMOUNT: Descriptive Subgroup Analyses of Final Overall Survival for the Phase III Study of Maintenance Pemetrexed versus Placebo Following Induction Treatment with Pemetrexed Plus Cisplatin for Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Martin Reck, Luis G. Paz-Ares, Filippo de Marinis, Olivier Molinier, Tarini Prasad Sahoo, Eckart Laack, William John, Annamaria H. Zimmermann, Carla Visseren-Grul, Cesare Gridelli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

The PARAMOUNT phase III trial demonstrated that pemetrexed continuation maintenance significantly reduced the risk of disease progression (hazard ratio = 0.62) and death (hazard ratio = 0.78) versus placebo in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. To further understand the survival data, descriptive subgroup analyses were undertaken.Nine hundred thirty-nine patients received induction therapy (four 21-day cycles pemetrexed 500 mg/m and cisplatin 75 mg/m), after which 539 nonprogressing patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) of 0/1 were randomized (2:1) to maintenance pemetrexed (500 mg/m) cycles or placebo until disease progression.Baseline characteristics of patients surviving for longer periods were comparable to patients surviving shorter periods, suggesting overall survival (OS) benefit for all subgroups of patients on maintenance therapy. An examination of type and severity of induction adverse events also found no association with survival duration. Response to induction (tumor response versus stable disease) was not determinate of pemetrexed maintenance OS outcome as assessed by waterfall plot and scattergrams and by the distribution of patients among various OS intervals. The length of the interval before beginning maintenance therapy (<7 days versus ≥7/≤30 days) also did not impact the survival results. PS, a known prognostic factor, was the only baseline characteristic associated with improved OS; however, both PS 0 and PS 1 patients exhibited a survival benefit from pemetrexed maintenance.In PARAMOUNT, the OS benefit was seen across all subgroups. Other than PS, no baseline or clinical parameter clearly identified a subgroup more likely to benefit. Maintenance treatment decisions should be made on an individual basis.
Accuracy of peak flow meters Don't interchange devices
Authors: B McKenzie, T C Barrett, D A Spencer, B Garbe
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Peter D Sly and colleagues' paper highlights a common mistake in the management of asthma - namely, interchanging devices measuring peak flow.1 In 1990 colleagues and I designed a small study (unpublished) to investigate possible discrepancies between readings obtained with Wright mini peak flow meters and standard Wright peak flow meters. It was undertaken because of the lack of consensus in the literature regarding the comparability of the two devices and after a suggestion that regression analyses commonly used in previous research were inappropriate for comparing the results of two measurement techniques. In addition, earlier comparisons had looked primarily at flow ranges appropriate to adults.

Peak flows were recorded from 186 children, who used both devices. In the laboratory 61 Wright mini peak flow meters were calibrated against known flows with a spirometer. Limits of agreement were then calculated for clinical and laboratory data and showed that the two devices may differ by more than 100 litres/min. The greatest percentage discrepancy occurred at lower flow rates, when the Wright mini peak flow meter tended to read higher flow values than the standard Wright peak flow meter.

As the two meters do not give comparable peak flow measurements …
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Authors: James R. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathophysiological Characterization of Isolated Diastolic Heart Failure in Comparison to Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Dalane W. Kitzman
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Many older patients with symptoms of congestive heart failure have a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, the pathophysiology of this disorder, presumptively termed diastolic heart failure (DHF), is not well characterized and it is unknown whether it represents true heart failure.To assess the 4 key pathophysiological domains that characterize classic heart failure by systematically performing measurements in older patients with presumed DHF and comparing these results with those from age-matched healthy volunteers and patients with classic systolic heart failure (SHF).Observational clinical investigation conducted in 1998 in a general community and teaching hospital in Winston-Salem, NC.A total of 147 subjects aged at least 60 years. Fifty-nine had isolated DHF defined as clinically presumed heart failure, LVEF of at least 50%, and no evidence of significant coronary, valvular, or pulmonary disease. Sixty had typical SHF (LVEF < or =35%). Twenty-eight were age-matched healthy volunteer controls.Left ventricular structure and function, exercise capacity, neuroendocrine function, and quality of life.By echocardiography, mean (SE) LVEF was 60% (2%) in patients with DHF vs 31% (2%) in those with SHF and 54% (2%) in controls. Mean (SE) LV mass-volume ratio was markedly increased in patients with DHF (2.12 [0.14] g/mL) vs those with SHF (1.22 [0.14] g/mL) (P<.001) and vs controls (1.49 [0.17] g/mL) (P =.002). Peak oxygen consumption by expired gas analysis during cycle ergometry was similar in the DHF and SHF groups (14.2 [0.5] and 13.1 [0.5] mL/kg per minute, respectively; P =.40) and in both was markedly reduced compared with healthy controls (19.9 [0.7] mL/kg per minute) (P =.001 for both). Ventilatory anaerobic threshold was similar in the DHF and SHF groups (9.1 [0.3] and 8.7 [0.3] mL/kg per minute, respectively; P<.001) and in both was reduced compared with healthy controls (11.5 [0.4] mL/kg per minute) (P<.001). Norepinephrine levels were similar in the DHF (306 [64] pg/mL) and SHF (287 [62] pg/mL) groups (P =.56) and in both were markedly increased vs healthy controls (169 [80] pg/mL) (P =.007 and.03, respectively). Brain natriuretic peptide was substantially increased in both the DHF (56 [30] pg/mL) and the SHF (154 [28] pg/mL) groups compared with healthy controls (3 [38] pg/mL) (P =.02 and.001, respectively). Quality-of-life decrement score as assessed by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire was substantially increased from the benchmark score of 10 in both groups (SHF: 43.8 [3.9]; DHF: 24.8 [4.4]).Patients with isolated DHF have similar though not as severe pathophysiologic characteristics compared with patients with typical SHF, including severely reduced exercise capacity, neuroendocrine activation, and impaired quality of life.
Achieving Racial Harmony for the Benefit of Patients and Communities
Authors: Ronald M Davis
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal