tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Report recommends banning alcohol advertising and raising prices
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2009)

All alcohol advertising and marketing should be banned, alcohol prices must rise, and the government should sever links with “counterproductive” healthy drinking campaigns financed by the industry, a scathing report has said.

Under the Influence , written by the BMA board of science, which was chaired by former chief medical officer Kenneth Calman, warns that the true extent of alcohol misuse in the United Kingdom is vastly underestimated.

It says that alcohol sales have increased steadily in the past 20 years whereas data on alcohol consumption show that increase to have slowed in the past 5 to 10 years.

“Survey underestimation of alcohol intake may be as much as 50%. This suggests that …
Expression of c-myc proto-oncogene in normal human lymphocytes. Regulation by transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.
Authors: J C Reed, J D Alpers, P C Nowell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Aberrant expression of the c-myc gene results from nonrandom chromosomal translocations involving the transcriptionally active antigen receptor gene loci, in particular lymphocytic leukemias and lymphomas, and is believed to contribute to the etiology of these neoplasms. In addition to its expression in abnormal lymphocytes, increased accumulation of c-myc mRNA occurs rapidly in normal B- and T-lymphocytes after stimulation with appropriate mitogens. The mechanisms that mediate these mitogen-induced elevations in c-myc mRNA levels, however, have not been determined for normal B and T cells. By using enriched populations of B- and T-lymphocytes obtained from freshly isolated human tonsils and stimulated with Staphylococcus-A or with phytohemagglutinin, respectively, we observed marked elevations (20-40-fold) in the steady state levels of accumulated c-myc messenger RNA (mRNA) within 1 h of exposure of cells to mitogens; modest increases (three- to fivefold) in the relative rate of transcription of the c-myc gene through protein synthesis-independent (cycloheximide-insensitive) mechanisms; and rapid rates of degradation of mature c-myc mRNAs through protein synthesis-dependent (cycloheximide-sensitive) mechanisms. These findings corroborate previous studies in other cell types and provide evidence for both transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of c-myc proto-oncogene expression in normal human lymphocytes.
Chloride: Phosphate and Hypercalcemia
Authors: LOUIS HAENEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments and Correction1 August 1974Chloride: Phosphate and HypercalcemiaLOUIS HAENEL, D.O., LEONARD J. KRYSTON, M.D., LEWIS C. MILLS, M.D., F.A.C.P.LOUIS HAENEL, D.O.Search for more papers by this author, LEONARD J. KRYSTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LEWIS C. MILLS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-2-270_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have reviewed our cases of primary hyperparathyroidism from 1972 to the present. A positive chloride: phosphate ratio (Cl/PO4) of more than 33, as indicated in the brief communication by Palmer, Nelson, and Bacchus in the February issue (Ann Intern Med 80:200-204, 1974) was found in 7 of our 11 proved cases (Table 1) of primary hyperparathyroidism without renaldisease. Six of these patients had one or more parathyroid adenomas; the seventh had parathyroid hyperplasia. Four other patients with histopathologically proved primary hyperparathyroidism (two with adenomas and two with hyperplasia) had Cl/PO4ratios that were less than... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LOUIS HAENEL, D.O.; LEONARD J. KRYSTON, M.D.; LEWIS C. MILLS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1974Volume 81, Issue 2Page: 270-271KeywordsAdenomasChloridesHypercalcemiaHyperparathyroidismParathyroidParathyroid tumorsPhosphatesRenal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinicopathological significance of intratubular giant macrophages in progressive glomerulonephritis
Authors: Takashi Oda, Osamu Hotta, Yoshio Taguma, Hiroshi Kitamura, Hisako Sugai, Shin Onodera, Ikuo Horigome, Kazuyuki Suzuki, Yoshiharu Shouji, Takashi Furuta, Shigemi Chiba, Nobuyuki Yoshizawa, Hiroshi Nagura
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
CASE OF EXCISION OF THE ANKLE
Authors: C. Cotton
Journal: BMJ (1855)

1848;' and in conclusion, I beg to recommend it to the tioughtful consideration of all who are interested in psY- chological inquiries.It is characterized by Dr. Carpenter in the last edition, just published, of his Principe of Humsan ahysioiogy, " as the most remarkable example upon record, in illustration of the nature of a purely sensorial and instinctive, as distinguished from an intelligent exist- ence, and the gradual nature of the transition from one to the other."tIt attracted the notice of some of the most distinguished physiologists of the day when it was pub- lished, and was commented upon with great ability in the British and Foteiqn Medicat Review, vol.xxiii, p. 229, et eq., and there its psychological importance and bearings are well pointed out.31, Norfolk Street, May 20th, 1855.[At a time like the present, when the physiology of the nervous system is engrossing so much of the attention of the medical philosopher, the republication of Mr. Dunn's unique and highly interesting and instructive case in our coIumns will be a boon to our readers.It will appear in an early number of the JOURNAL.-EDITOR.]
The medicolegal aspects of automatism in mild head injury
Authors: P McCrory
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Automatism or automatic behaviour was originally described in the Hippocratic corpus in relation to sleepwalking and other nocturnal behaviours.1 Despite its long history, this area of automatism remains confused and imprecise in the medical and legal literature. Within English common law, it is a fundamental principle that the intent (mens rea) and the act (actus reus) must occur together to constitute the crime.2 As such, the absence of a mens rea means that the person at that point in time lacks the intent to commit a crime.

In the legal view, post-traumatic automatism is a form of “sane” automatism because it results from an external factor, for example, a blow to the head, rather than from a disease of the mind (which is responsible for “insane” automatisms).3, 4 As a legal defence under English law, if successful, post-traumatic automatism leads to acquittal rather than the judge deciding the disposal as in the case of insane automatism.5

In recent years, a number of cases of footballers appearing before disciplinary tribunals for striking and other charges have claimed in their defence that they suffered a prior concussive injury and at the time of the alleged incident were suffering from a “post-traumatic automatism” and as a result were not responsible for their actions. In one celebrated case in Australian football, this defence was successful and resulted in the sport's administrative body developing specific guidelines to outlaw this potential defence. This topic of post-traumatic automatism has only a limited amount of published information to guide practitioners, players, administrators, and lawyers and this paper seeks to establish appropriate medical guidelines in this area.

Automatism may be defined as “the existence in any person of behavior of which he is unaware and over which he has no conscious control”.6 It has …
Nifedipine and Ureteral Colic
Authors: WILFRED CARROL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1985Nifedipine and Ureteral ColicWILFRED CARROL, M.D.WILFRED CARROL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-864_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the last 2 years I have seen two patients with the severe pain of ureteral colic. Usually, such patients are given a narcotic, and fluids are forced until the stone, if it is not excessively large, is spontaneously excreted (1). However, the patient may have much pain.It is reasonable to anticipate that a calcium blocker, such as nifedipine, a drug accepted by the Food and Drug Administration that dilates spastic coronary arteries, (2) might have a similar effect on spastic ureters, which have a histologic structure like that of the arteries—an internal epithelial cell lining,...References1. HUNTERFINLAYSON PB. Renal calculi. In: RAKEL RE, ed. Conn's Current Therapy, 1984. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.; 1984:565. Google Scholar2. ANTMANMULLERGOLDBERG EJS. Nifedipine therapy for coronary-artery spasm: experience in 127 patients. N Engl J Med. 1980;302:1269. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MAGGIMELI CA. The effect of nifedipine and verapamil on KC1 induced rhythmic contractions of guinea pig ureter in vitro. Experientia. 1984;40:681. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA Systematic Review of Medical Therapy to Facilitate Passage of Ureteral CalculiNifedipine and Methylprednisolone in Facilitating Ureteral Stone Passage: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled StudyThe effect of nifedipine and verapamil on rhythmic contractions of human isolated ureterDiclofenac sodium and spasmolytic drugs in the treatment of ureteral colic: A comparative studyIndications for Calcium AntagonistsNifedipine for the relief of renal colic: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trialPharmakologische Wirkungen der Calcium-AntagonistenIndikationen für Calcium-AntagonistenCalcium Modulators: Future Agents, Future UsesNifedipine and Ureteral ColicLYNE COPPENS, M.D., FRANÇOIS LUSTMAN, M.D.Nifedipine and Ureteral ColicSAMI VISKIN, M.D., ISSAC KAVER, M.D., ALEXANDER GREENSTEIN, M.D., AVI HASSNER, M.D.Nifedipine and Ureteral ColicMICHEL MCCORMACK, M.D., PIERRE WILLIOT, M.D., STEVEN LAPOINTE, M.D., GUY DROUIN, M.D. 1 June 1985Volume 102, Issue 6Page: 864-864KeywordsAbdominal painCalciumCoronary arteriesDrug administrationDrugsEpithelial cellsFood and Drug AdministrationUreter Issue Published: 1 June 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Indomethacin-Responsive Pancreatic Cholera
Authors: Bernard M. Jaffe, Dan F. Kopen, Katherine DeSchryver-Kecskemeti, Ronald L. Gingerich, Marie Greider
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Pancreatic cholera, otherwise known as the Verner-Morrison1 syndrome or the syndrome of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydria,2 is a rare clinical entity caused by non-β islet-cell tumors. The clinical characteristics, recently reviewed in detail,3 4 5 routinely include profuse watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis and gastric hyposecretion of acid and pepsin. Other frequent findings include hypercalcemia, glucose intolerance and flushing. Although elevations in plasma and tumor levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and human pancreatic polypeptide have been reported,6 7 8 9 10 neither of these peptides has been firmly implicated as the diarrheagenic hormone. We have previously described elevations in plasma levels of prostaglandin E in . . .
Oyster-associated outbreaks of Norovirus gastroenteritis in Singapore
Authors: T.L. Ng, P.P. Chan, T.H. Phua, J.P. Loh, R. Yip, C. Wong, C.W. Liaw, B.H. Tan, K.T. Chiew, S.B. Chua, S. Lim, P.L. Ooi, S.K. Chew, K.T. Goh
Journal: Journal of Infection (2004)
The Relationship Between Physicians' Malpractice Claims History and Later Claims
Authors: Andrew J. Doorey
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Messrs Bovbjerg and Petronis<sup>1</sup>have investigated the predictive value of data on liability claims and "whether this information has any value for predicting future claims or problems with medical quality." Unfortunately, in their article they dealt only with the former issue and not the latter. Since attempting to infer problems with medical quality is the primary use of the NPDB,<sup>2</sup>this omission could be misleading and discredits some of their conclusions. The NPDB was begun to prevent "incompetent doctors from jumping from hospital to hospital or state to state."<sup>3</sup>Other than for such gross violators, inferences about medical quality from malpractice claims data are much more difficult to make. In my 10 years practicing cardiology, I have practiced in three settings that had extraordinarily different malpractice exposure. One was a prominent university hospital setting where malpractice suits were extremely rare despite the complex cases
FK 506: Effects on glomerular hemodynamics and on mesangial cells in culture
Authors: Semiramis J. Hadad, Edison R.M. Souza, Alice T. Ferreira, Maria E.M. Oshiro, Mirian A. Boim, Clara V. Razvickas, Luiz A.R. Moura, Nestor Schor
Journal: Kidney International (1995)
Antacid and sodium content of Gaviscon.
Authors: A W Harcus
Journal: BMJ (1978)

cortical thinning being the only radiological sign of osteomalacia.Thus true osteoporosis was responsible for the cortical thinning in only the cases of steroid therapy and Cushing's syndrome-three out of 18 cases.The other 15 were due to hyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia.Cortical thinning cannot therefore be regarded as synonymous with osteoporosis.
Oxatomide in Seasonal Rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Christian Möller, Bengt Björksén
Journal: Allergy (1980)

The new antiallergic drug oxatomide was evaluated in 40 schoolchildren suffering from severe allergic seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis. Antihistamine drugs had earlier given insufficient symptomatic relief. Double–blind technique was used. There was no significant difference in effect between oxatomide, the antibistamine cinnarizine in combination with phenylpropanolamine and placebo. The results do not support the hypothesis that oxatomide is superiot to antibistamine drugs in the treatment of severe seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis.
Autoimmune Disorders and Hormones
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sports sociology in different communities
Authors: Sarita Yadav
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The sports sociology community has a real opportunity to break out of the academic ghetto, eschew excessively coded and obscure language, and fight to become part of the general discourse of sports conversation, both on campuses and in the broader sports world. Sport sociology can be valued as a discipline within sport sciences, within sociology and within the world of sport which it analyses and serves. Among others, point to the high status which society accords to the natural sciences, and note that this is also mirrored in physical education and sport sciences. The central purpose of sport sciences is to study that conglomerate of mind, body and spirit which is the embodiment of sport and a wide range of physical activities. That embodiment is, inevitably, a social being – a member of society. Sport sociology can best be described as a late adolescent/early adult. Arguably, where sport sociology has been less successful is in its attempts to gain greater acceptance among sports practitioners, and it is that issue which underpins the discussion. The primary purpose of action knowledge is to inform policy and planning and, to this end, action research is identified as a way of ensuring that policy and implementation are compatible. professionals in sport: ‘teachers, coaches, administrators, journalists and executives...certainly need it to better understand their own position and action in modern sport’. We would wish to add sports participants/performers themselves to the list. Sport sociologists to work more closely with the sports community, which ‘requires applied sport sociology to be the enterprise of a disputatious, many-valued community of scholars who work in collaboration with the persons, groups and communities. Sport sociology, more generally, has tended to include a wide range of sport sociologists are beginning to be asked for information by public and professional groups. He envisages a future role for sport sociology ‘interpreting the reciprocal influences of sport in society and society in sport’ methodological and theoretical paradigms. An applied sociology of sport based on the roles and skills required to undertake applied research.
Sickle Cell Trait and Scuba Diving-Reply
Authors: Leo Lowbeer
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In his letter, Dr Adams, referring to my letter to the editor, states: "The proposed ban on scuba divers with sickle cell trait is certainly not trivial." However, I suggested<i>no ban</i>(notoriously not enforceable) and<i>only recommended</i>that only those comparatively few carriers of the sickle cell trait with relatively high hemoglobin S concentrations of 35% to 45% —<i>not all</i>8% of such carriers—avoid potentially hypoxic situations. Among potentially hypoxia-producing situations, diving was mentioned, which would include skin diving (snorkeling) as well as deep-water diving with<i>s</i>elf-contained<i>u</i>nderwater<i>b</i>reathing<i>a</i>pparatus (<i>scuba</i>). While the latter, as Dr Adams correctly points out, occurs under<i>hyper-</i>baric rather than<i>hypo</i>baric conditions, a notable increase has been observed in scuba diving-related accidents—owing to its increased popularity—and related by hypoxia, not hyperbarism. Ninety percent of fatal underwater accidents observed in ten years in Los Angeles County
Risk assessment of fragility fractures: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: S. Rabar, R. Lau, N. O'Flynn, L. Li, P. Barry
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Osteoporosis is characterised by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture, particularly fractures that result from mechanical forces that would not ordinarily result in fracture, known as fragility fractures. The prevalence of osteoporosis rises markedly with age, and in women this rises from 2% at 50 years to more than 25% at 80 years. Risk of fracture is also increased by factors such as lifestyle, drug treatments, family history, and other conditions that cause secondary osteoporosis. Several validated risk assessment tools are available to predict fracture risk. This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on risk assessment of fragility fractures.1 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of the best available evidence and explicit consideration of cost effectiveness. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group's experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Who needs risk assessment?
Prophylactic Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole During Consolidation Chemotherapy for Acute Leukemia: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Barbara Weiser, Michael Lange, Mark A. Fialk, Carol Singer, Ted H. Szatrowski, Donald Armstrong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

We conducted a prospective, controlled, randomized trial of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment in patients with acute leukemia receiving consolidation chemotherapy. We followed 14 treatment patients during 33 episodes and 15 control patients during 34 episodes of granulocytopenia (less than 1000 granulocytes/mm3). We found no significant difference in the incidence of febrile episodes (13 in treatment group versus 14 in control group), hospitalizations to treat fever or infection (10 versus 12), number of documented infections (eight versus 10), number of septicemias (one versus two), or mean duration of hospital stay to treat fever or infection (8.9 versus 9.2 days) in the two groups. There was little colonization with organisms resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, including Candida, in either group. Prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not significantly reduce the incidence of fever, hospitalization, or infection in granulocytopenic patients during consolidation chemotherapy.