tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3497: Pathway profiling for personalized medicine: Comparison of two immunoassays.
Authors: Antje Stresemann, Oliver von Ahsen, Oliver Politz, Phillip Kim, Sharat Singh, Khusru Asadullah, Karl Ziegelbauer, Thomas Krahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cancer therapy is evolving to a detailed molecular analysis of the patient's tumor followed by treatment with selective drug(s) targeting the individual properties of the tumor based upon identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers. This requires comprehensive, highly sensitive test systems. We therefore sought to develop a sensitive diagnostic test for functionally profiling a spectrum of signaling pathway proteins in tumor samples. Here, we evaluated and compared two assay platforms: CEER (Collaborative Enzyme Enhanced Reactive-Immunoassay; Prometheus Labaratories) and MSD (Meso Scale Discovery). Breast, lung, and prostate cancers as well as glioblastoma and melanoma model cell lines (in all 10 cell lines) with various oncogenic pathway signatures were treated with different concentrations of PI3K inhibitor (BAY 806946) or an inhibitor targeting HER1 and HER2 (Lapatinib). Cells were lysed and the activation status as well as abundance of ten pathway proteins (HER1, HER2, cMET, PI3K, AKT, ERK, MEK, PRAS40, RPS6, and P70S6K) was measured by MSD at Bayer in Berlin and by CEER in a blinded fashion at Prometheus Laboratories. Target-specific inhibition (IC50) and downstream signal modulations were determined and compared. Overall we found a high concordance between the two assays. While target specific inhibitions were observed in relevant cell lines, varying mechanisms of treatment resistance due to redundant pathway activation, feedback loop or pathway cross talks were observed between the PI3K/AKT and RAS/ERK pathways. This study shows that sensitive immunoassays are a suitable tool for the detection and monitoring of biomarkers and provides new insights into the mode of action of targeted agents. Comprehensive profiling of signaling pathways holds promise as an approach to personalize selection of anticancer therapy. Citation Format: Antje Stresemann, Oliver von Ahsen, Oliver Politz, Phillip Kim, Sharat Singh, Khusru Asadullah, Karl Ziegelbauer, Thomas Krahn. Pathway profiling for personalized medicine: Comparison of two immunoassays. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3497. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3497
Effects of a Quantitated Physical Training Program on Middle-Aged Sedentary Men
Authors: WAYNE SIEGEL, GUNNAR BLOMQVIST, JERE H. MITCHELL
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The effects of a 15-week quantitated training program were evaluated in nine men, 32 to 59 years old. All had been blind for 10 years or more but were otherwise in good health. They were sedentary with a stable activity pattern. Training sessions were held three times per week and consisted of four 3-minute exercise periods on a bicycle ergometer, each followed by a rest period of equal duration. Heart rates at the end of the fourth exercise period averaged 27 beats below individual maximal heart rates. Maximal oxygen uptake increased from 24.0 to 28.5 ml/kg x min or by 19%. Total heart volume and mean serum cholesterol decreased significantly, and psychological tests showed improvement. Five subjects continued exercising at the same intensity but only once weekly for another 14-week period. Mean maximal oxygen uptake decreased to 6% above the control level. Four subjects who discontinued training after 15 weeks were retested at the same time and had a mean value 5% below control maximal oxygen uptake.
An experimental approach to the evaluation of the biopersistence of respirable synthetic fibers and minerals.
Authors: D M Bernstein, R Mast, R Anderson, T W Hesterberg, R Musselman, O Kamstrup, J Hadley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The biopersistence of fibers and minerals in the respiratory tract is an important parameter in the toxicity of those materials. The biopersistence of respirable synthetic fibers and minerals in man can be most closely evaluated in an animal model. While acellular and in vitro systems are important for initial evaluation of solubility and durability, they cannot simulate the dynamics of inhalation deposition and clearance and the subsequent systemic reaction to fibers and minerals that occurs in the animal. To evaluate the biopersistence of synthetic fibers, male rats were exposed to a well defined rat respirable aerosol of man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF), 6 hr/day for 5 days. Following exposure, subgroups were sacrificed at intervals ranging from 1 hr to 52 weeks. Following sacrifice, the lungs were removed, weighed, and immediately frozen at 20 degrees C for subsequent digestion by low temperature plasma ashing. The number, size distribution, and chemical composition of the fibers in the aerosol and lung were determined. With this animal model the role of biopersistence in altering the geometry and clearance of fibers can be systematically evaluated. The model also can be applied for the evaluation of the biopersistence of nonfibrous minerals.
NARCOTIC CONTROL BY PHYSICIANS
Authors: H. J. Anslinger
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The Bureau of Narcotics, established in the Treasury Department in 1930, is the federal agency charged with the duty of regulating, supervising, and controlling the trade in narcotic drugs under the applicable federal laws. It serves as the special administration that the United States was obligated to create for this purpose under the Narcotics Limitation Convention of 1931. The United States has obligations, under this and other conventions and protocols, to restrict the availability of narcotic drugs to medical and scientific needs.  The two principal federal narcotic laws are the Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act and the so-called Harrison Narcotic Law, as amended. The first of these laws authorizes the importation of only such quantities of opium and coca leaves as the commissioner of narcotics finds necessary to provide for medical and scientific needs. Importation of any form of narcotic drug, except such limited quantities of crude opium and
The missense of smell: functional variability in the human odorant receptor repertoire
Authors: Joel D Mainland, Andreas Keller, Yun R Li, Ting Zhou, Casey Trimmer, Lindsey L Snyder, Andrew H Moberly, Kaylin A Adipietro, Wen Ling L Liu, Hanyi Zhuang, Senmiao Zhan, Somin S Lee, Abigail Lin, Hiroaki Matsunami
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
The effect on jejunal mucosa of withdrawing and adding dietary gluten in cases of idiopathic steatorrhoea
Authors: D. J. Pollock, R. E. Nagle, K. N. Jeejeebhoy, N. F. Coghill
Journal: Gut (1970)

Biopsy studies of the jejunal mucosa in patients with idiopathic steatorrhoea after periods on a gluten-free diet showed that the epithelium improved quickly in respect of surface cell height, mucosal thickness, and mitosis count, and more slowly in respect of villous height and width. In no case was recovery complete in every particular. Appearances seen through the dissecting microscope improved slowly and incompletely. Gluten loading after a period on a gluten-free diet partially reversed some of these mucosal changes in as short a time as five to seven days. Measuring such changes may help to hasten the diagnosis in some patients with suspected gluten-sensitive enteropathy in whom there is otherwise difficulty in assessing the clinical response to a gluten-free diet. The histological response of the jejunum to a gluten-free diet and to subsequent gluten loading may help to clarify the aetiological relationship between carcinoma and jejunal mucosal atrophy.
Lipid lowering dietary advice
Authors: F. Angelico, R. Volpe
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Scientists and practitioners agree that dietary modification should be the first step of any cholesterol lowering regimen, but H A W Neil and colleagues report that the reduction in concentrations of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol after dietary advice given in general practice to hypercholesterolaemic patients by a dietitian, practice nurses, or in a diet leaflet alone was small.1 The poor response seems to be related mainly to the low dietary compliance in poorly motivated patients. This agrees with our objective evaluations of the compliance to hypocholesterolaemic dietary prescriptions: on the basis of changes in the plasma fatty acid pattern, after two months on the diet only 40% of patients could be defined asgood adherers, while 22% had a poor compliance and the remaining a variable adherence over time.2 Neil and colleagues conclude that a more intensive intervention than is normally available in primary care is probably necessary and a mass approach to dietary changes is needed.

Instead, better results have been obtained in 65 …
Fate of soluble carbohydrate in the colon of rats and man.
Authors: J H Bond, M D Levitt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The fate of glucose in the colon of rats and man was investigated by measuring breath 14CO2 and fecal 14C after direct instillation of 14C-labeled glucose, acetate, and lactate into the cecum. For the 6 h after administration of as much as 400 mg of [U-14C]-glucose to the rat and 12.5 g to man, 14CO2 excretion was as rapid after intracecal as after intragastric instillation. Less than 20% of 14C instilled into the cecum as glucose was recovered in feces and only about 15% of this fecal 14C was in a dialyzable form. The conversion of intracecally administered glucose to CO2 was dependent upon the presence of the colonic flora, as evidenced by the minimal excretion of 14CO2 after administration of [14C]glucose to germ-free rats. In contrast, acetate and lactate, fermentation products of glucose, were converted to CO2 as rapidly in germ-free rats as in their conventional counterparts. Measurement of O2 availability in the colonic lumen indicated that insufficient O2 was available for the aerobic metabolism of glucose by the colonic bacteria. These experiments suggest that the colon bacteria anaerobically metabolize most of the glucose to short-chain fatty acids, which are absorbed and oxidized by the host. Most of the remaining fecal glucose is converted to a larger molecular form that has limited osmotic activity. Thus, the colonic flora benefits the host by reducing the osmotic load of nonabsorbed carbohydrate and by making possible the salvage of a large percentage of the calories of carbohydrate, which is not absorbed in the small bowel.
Anti-CD22–chimeric antigen receptors targeting B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Waleed Haso, Daniel W. Lee, Nirali N. Shah, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance M. Yuan, Ira H. Pastan, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Richard A. Morgan, David J. FitzGerald, David M. Barrett, Alan S. Wayne, Crystal L. Mackall, Rimas J. Orentas
Journal: Blood (2012)
Parasitization of the Parasite
Authors: Shih L. Chang
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After I had read Dr. Vincent de Paul Lynch's comments to a letter on parasite transmission by Dr. Paul Abrahm (222:1309, 1972), I felt impelled to add a few of my comments. Back in the 40s when I was working on<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, I encountered<i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i>a number of times in examination of stools of servicemen and immigrants in the Boston area, who had returned or come from the Far East. Mystified by its mode of transmission, I made some observations on its survival outside of fecal masses. My unpublished data indicated that the trophozoites of this small amoeba are quite sensitive to aerobic environment, and die and disintegrate within one hour in an isotonic salt solution at room temperature. When feces were smeared in a thin film on microslides, the trophozoites rounded up rapidly and became granular in appearance within 15 minutes during microscopic examination
Abstract 2802: Selective inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 overexpressing endometrial cancer cells, using HO-3867, a novel STAT3 inhibitor
Authors: Georgia McCann, Brent J. Tierney, David Cohn, Meryl Sudhakar, Shan Naidu, Eric Eisenhauer, Selvendiran Karuppaiyah
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins have important roles in cancer cell survival and proliferation. Recent studies show constitutive activation of STAT3 is associated with tumor growth and oncogenic transformation in several human cancers; however, little is known about STAT3 expression in endometrial cancer. The objectives of this study were to examine the expression of the STAT family of proteins in endometrial cancer cell lines and to evaluate the efficacy of HO-3867, a novel STAT3 inhibitor. METHODS: Expression of STAT family proteins, cell cycle and apoptotic proteins were evaluated via western blot on Ishikawa, AN3-CA, RL95-2, HEC1B, HEC-1A, and SK-UT1B human endometrial cancer cell lines. Cell viability and proliferation of these cell lines were analyzed with MTT and nucleo counter assay after treatment with increasing concentrations of HO-3867. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were performed using flow cytometry and annexin V staining. An ubiquitination assay was used to examine the inhibition of CDK5 degradation. Finally, STAT3 over-expression or suppression experiments were performed using wild-type STAT3 cDNA and STAT3 siRNA. RESULTS: Expression of activated STAT1, 2, 5, and 6 was inconsistent among cell lines tested, while pSTAT3 Ser727 had consistently high expression. HO-3867 decreased cell viability through induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis within 24h of treatment. HO-3867 inhibited pSTAT3 Ser727 with no change in total STAT3. This was associated with an increase in expression of cell cycle related proteins p53 and p21, a decrease in anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl2 and Bcl-XL, as well as increased cleavage of caspases. After 24h of treatment with HO-3867, 55-88% of cells were apoptotic. The downregulation of Ser727 was, at least in part, due to an accelerated inhibition of ubiquitin-dependent CDK5 degradation, as a positive regulator of STAT3 Ser727. Suppression of STAT3 expression with siRNA significantly reduced cell survival. In addition, we confirmed that over-expression of STAT3 cDNA provides resistance to HO-3867. CONCLUSION: Endometrial cancer cells express high levels of pSTAT3 Ser727. HO-3867 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by targeting pSTAT3 Ser727. Our findings suggest a specific role of serine-phosphorylated STAT3 that is independent of tyrosine phosphorylation. HO-3867 may be a potential adjunct to chemotherapy and radiation in the treatment of endometrial cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2802. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2802
A Purpuric Patch on the Flank
Authors: Ohara Aivaz, Mamina M. Turegano, Arash Radfar
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Bronchial Responsiveness in Atopic Adults Increases with Exposure to Cat Allergen
Authors: Susan Chinn, Joachim Heinrich, Josep M. Antó, Christer Janson, Dan Norbäck, Mario Olivieri, Cecilie Svanes, Jordi Sunyer, Giuseppe Verlato, Matthias Wjst, Jan-Paul Zock, Peter G. Burney, Deborah L. Jarvis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

The association of asthma with sensitization and allergen exposure is known to be complex. There have been few studies of bronchial responsiveness in relation to both risk factors in adults.To determine the relation of bronchial responsiveness to allergen exposure and IgE sensitization in a community study taking into account the major determinants of bronchial responsiveness in adulthood.Cross-sectional data were drawn from 1,884 participants in 20 centers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey follow-up, which included measurement of house dust mite and cat allergen in mattress dust samples, and IgE sensitization to four allergens. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was expressed as a continuous variable, and analyzed by multiple regression.The trend toward greater bronchial responsiveness with increasing exposure to cat allergen was greater in those sensitized to any of the four allergens than those not sensitized (p = 0.001); there was no significant interaction between cat sensitization and Fel d 1 exposure. No trend was found with house dust mite allergen exposure. The difference in bronchial responsiveness between those exposed to the highest levels compared with the lowest was approximately -2.02 doubling doses of PD20 (95% confidence interval, -3.06 to -0.97), and nearly as great in those exposed to more moderate levels.Cat allergen exposure at moderate levels may be harmful to all atopic adults. The clinical implication is that it is insufficient to test patients with asthma for cat sensitization; all atopic individuals may benefit from reduced cat exposure.
Health of indigenous people: Use of health services by indigenous population can be improved
Authors: N Devadasan
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR–We note that the aboriginal groups living in India were not included in Durie's editorial on providing health services to indigenous peoples.1 We share here an experiment with a group of “primitive tribes” (as classified by the government of India) in improving their health status.

In 1987, when a non-governmental organisation, ACCORD (Action for Community Organisation, Rehabilitation and Development), initiated its health programme, …
Reply to Anna Orsola, Lluís Cecchini and Juan Morote's Letter to the Editor re: Marko Babjuk, Willem Oosterlinck, Richard Sylvester, et al. EAU Guidelines on Non-Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder. Eur Urol 2008;54:303–14
Authors: Marko Babjuk, Willem Oosterlinck, Richard Sylvester, Eero Kaasinen, Andreas Böhle, Juan Palou-Redorta
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Association of hormone replacement therapy and carotid wall thickness in women with and without diabetes.
Authors: J T Dubuisson, L E Wagenknecht, R B D'Agostino, S M Haffner, M Rewers, M F Saad, A Laws, D M Herrington
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is the major underlying cause of death for women with type 2 diabetes. We examined the relationship between use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy(HRT) and subclinical atherosclerosis among women with type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and normal glucose tolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 623 postmenopausal women in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Current users of HRT, n = 200, were compared with 104 former users and 319 never users. Intimal-medial wall thicknesses (IMTs) of the common carotid (CCA) and internal carotid (ICA) arteries were used as measures of atherosclerosis. RESULTS: Significant differences between HRT user groups were noted for certain demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. After adjustment for these and other coronary heart disease risk factors, current users had a 69 microm thinner ICA IMT than never users (P = 0.06). Former users had a 96 pm thinner ICA IMT than never users (P = 0.03). No significant difference was observed for the CCA. Although women with type 2 diabetes had thicker carotid IMT than women without diabetes, the association between HRT use and thinner IMT was similar in both groups. The difference between current and never users was attenuated by adjustment for HDL and LDL cholesterol. Neither duration of HRT use nor HRT regimen was associated with IMT in either artery. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that current and former use of HRT is associated with reduced atherosclerosis and that women with type 2 diabetes may receive the same benefit from HRI as women without diabetes.
Abstract 3104: Stromal fibroblasts promote progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shin Saito, Kazue Morishima, Daisuke Matsubara, Yoshinori Hosoya, Naohiro Sata, Yoshikazu Yasuda, Shumpei Ishikawa, Toshiro Niki
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Objectives: The purpose of the study was to clarify the role of fibroblasts in the proliferation and growth pattern of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and to experimentally study interactions between cancer cells and fibroblasts. Methods: We used 22 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (mainly, TE series and KYSE series obtained from the RIKEN Cell Bank and the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources, respectively) and human esophageal fibroblasts that had been established in our laboratory from surgical specimens. Cancer cells were cultured on Matrigel in the presence or absence of fibroblasts in the Matrigels, and their growth patterns were examined. Cell count assays were performed to examine the effects of the fibroblast culture supernatant, growth factors, cytokines, and various inhibitors on cancer cell growth. We also examined the influence of co-injection of fibroblasts on tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. Results: When plated on Matrigel, nearly all cell lines spread and grew in an invasive manner in the presence of fibroblasts, while in the absence of fibroblasts, most cell lines formed round or spheroidal colonies. Cell-count assay showed that in most cancer cells, cell proliferation was stimulated by addition of fibroblast supernatant. In particular, cell proliferation increased by more than 50% in 11 cell lines. Addition of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or interleukin-6 elicited a definitive proliferative response in only 2 and 3 cell lines, respectively. Both KYSE-220 and KYSE-50 proliferated in the presence of HGF, but the addition of MET inhibitor (PHA665752) suppressed the proliferation of only the former. In vivo tumor growth was stimulated by co-injection of fibroblasts in 9 of 22 cancer cell lines. Conclusions: Fibroblast had a profound influence on cell growth pattern on Matrigel. In many esophageal cancer cell lines, cell proliferation was promoted by the presence of fibroblasts both in vivo and in vitro. The stimulatory effect of fibroblast could be accounted for by HGF and/or interleukin-6 in some, but not in all, esophageal cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3104. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3104
1129-211 Cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation is associated with an immediate drop in brain natriuretic peptide
Authors: Craig S Vinch, Jason Rashkin, Giridhar Logsetty, Dennis A Tighe, Jeffrey C Hill, Jeffrey C Hill, Theo E Meyer, Lawrence S Rosenthal, Gerard P Aurigemma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)