tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple extranodal sites at presentation in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Devinder Singh, Atul Sharma, B.K. Mohanti, Sanjay Thulkar, Sudhir Bahadur, S.C. Sharma, S. Dutta Gupta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract About one‐third of NHL patients present lymphomas at extranodal sites. Involvement of multiple noncontiguous extranodal sites at presentation without lymph node involvement is unknown. Herein we present two such cases. The first patient had sinonasal tract and urinary bladder NHL at presentation, while the other patient presented with bilateral adrenal involvement in addition to sinonasal tract NHL. Clinical presentation and pathophysiology are discussed, and a brief review of literature is included. Am. J. Hematol. 74:75–77, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Orthopedic Surgery Turns Attention to Relatively Few Fractures That Fail to Heal Over Time
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

FEWER than 5% of bone fractures fail to heal. But, that amounts to more than 100 000 clinically symptomatic nonunions each year in the United States at a total estimated treatment cost of $2 billion. James D. Heckman, MD, bases those numbers on his definition of<i>ununited fractures</i>. He told a symposium at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting in New Orleans, La, that a diagnosis should only be made 6 months after the initial injury and when no progress has been seen clinically or radiographically for at least 3 months. Heckman, professor and chair of orthopedic surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio, distinguishes "delayed" unions as those that "show progress—as long as the patient is showing clinical or radiographic progress, it [the fracture] must be defined as a delayed and not a nonunion." But in some circumstances—tibial shaft fractures, for instance—they can
Iron and uroporphyrin in hepatocytes of inbred mice in experimental porphyria: A biochemical and morphological study
Authors: Peter D. Siersema, René P. van Helvoirt, Diane A. M. Ketelaars, Maud I. Cleton, Wim C. de Bruijn, Paul J.H. Wilson, Henk G. van Eijk
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria is iron dependent and characterized by the decreased activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase and the accumulation of porphyrins in the liver. To examine the relationship between iron and porphyrins in liver tissue, we performed a biochemical and morphological (histological, ultrastructural and morphometrical) study in the livers of C57BL/10 mice. Mice were treated with hexachlorobenzene, iron dextran or the combination of hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran. An accumulation of porphyrins and an increased total iron content were found not only in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran but also in mice treated with iron dextran alone. In contrast, the amount of porphyrins was only slightly increased in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene alone. Needle-like structures, representing uroporphyrin crystals, were observed, histologically and ultrastructurally, in hepatocytes of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran and with iron dextran alone. Uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron were found in the same hepatocyte. A single uroporphyrin crystal, surrounded by ferritin iron, was observed in a hepatocyte of a mouse treated with hexachlorobenzene alone. Both in the livers of mice treated with hexachlorobenzene and iron dextran and in the livers of mice treated with iron dextran alone, morphometrical analysis showed that an increased area fraction of uroporphyrin crystals was associated with an increased area fraction of ferritin iron in hepatocytes.In C57BL/10 mice, experimental porphyria can be induced by iron overload alone; uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron are located in the same hepatocyte; and the morphological co-occurrence of uroporphyrin crystals and ferritin iron in hepatocytes suggests a role for iron (as ferritin) in the pathogenesis of porphyria.
Neurology of Pregnancy
Authors: Lionel J. Schewitz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Current textbooks contain excellent chapters on neurological diseases in pregnancy. However, because these do not present exhaustive reviews, a monograph on neurology of pregnancy would serve as a welcome addition to the literature. Unfortunately, the volume under review cannot be recommended. The most useful feature of the book is a voluminous subject heading bibliography. Unfortunately, some references do not appear under the correct heading. Failure to refer to some figures in the text (Fig 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5) is annoying. Table 9.1, discussed in the text, does not appear in the book. Another positive aspect of this book is that the full range of disorders relevant to pregnancy is included. The contents are spiced with oddities such as kuru (restricted to the cannabalistic Fore tribe of Papua, New Guinea) and recurrent brachial plexus neuropathy (reported in six families). Despite the considerable space given to rarities, there are surprising inadequacies. For
Tc-99m Bone Scan in Unilateral Osteitis Pubis
Authors: G BURKE, C JOE, M LEVINE, H SABIO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Osteitis pubis is a painful, inflammatory, noninfectious condition that involves the periosteum, bone cartilage, and ligamentous structures in the symphysis pubis. Osteitis pubis can result from several causes. One of these is mechanical strain, either from a single major event or from repetitive micro trauma, such as from running. The patient typically complains of increasing pain in both pubic areas. The authors report a case of unilateral osteitis pubis in a 46-year-old marathon runner who experienced severe left groin pain after running. Initial radiographs were normal, whereas a Tc-99m diphosphonate bone scan showed unilaterally increased tracer accumulation.
Shorter hospital shifts reduce errors and improve patient outcomes
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Two new studies confirm what many junior doctors have long known—that shortening the length of on-call shifts improves doctors' performance, and in turn, patient outcomes.

In the first study Dr Steven Lockley of the division of sleep medicine at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, and Harvard Medical School, found that interns slept more and performed better when they were part of rotations specifically designed to give them more time to sleep during their shifts ( New England Journal of Medicine 2004;351:1829-37).

The researchers studied 20 interns during their two three-week rotations in intensive care units. Each intern was observed during a traditional rotation schedule …
Lack of protease inhibitor resistance following treatment failure — too good to be true?
Authors: John A. Bartlett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

A 29-year-old man with recently diagnosed HIV infection and a CD4 cell count of 225/mm3 began treatment with atazanavir (300 mg), ritonavir (100 mg), emtricitabine (200 mg), and tenofovir (300 mg) daily. For 18 months, he was treatment adherent and his plasma HIV RNA level was below the limit of detection. He then began a relationship with a new partner, who introduced him to methamphetamines. His medication adherence became erratic, and he missed appointments in clinic. Eventually. he was hospitalized for rehabilitation, and he resumed taking his medications on schedule. Following his discharge, he was found to have a plasma HIV RNA level of 11,400 copies/ml. Genotypic resistance testing revealed only an M184V mutation associated with emtricitabine resistance. A decision regarding his next treatment regimen needs to be made.
TCT-337 Clinical Outcome of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Treated With Second-Generation Zotarolimus-Eluting and Everolimus-Eluting DES
Authors: Kenneth Tandjung, Hanim Sen, Mounir Basalus, K. Gert van Houwelingen, Marije Löwik, Martin Stoel, Frits de Man, J. Hans Louwerenburg, Gerard Linssen, Mark Nienhuis, Rogier Nijhuis, Job van der Palen, Clemens von Birgelen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Formation of the Sinus Node Head and Differentiation of Sinus Node Myocardium Are Independently Regulated by Tbx18 and Tbx3
Authors: Cornelia Wiese, Thomas Grieskamp, Rannar Airik, Mathilda T.M. Mommersteeg, Ajmal Gardiwal, Corrie de Gier-de Vries, Karin Schuster-Gossler, Antoon F.M. Moorman, Andreas Kispert, Vincent M. Christoffels
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

The sinus node (or sinoatrial node [SAN]), the pacemaker of the heart, is a functionally and structurally heterogeneous tissue, which consists of a large "head" within the right caval vein myocardium and a "tail" along the terminal crest. Here, we investigated its cellular origin and mechanism of formation. Using genetic lineage analysis and explant assays, we identified T-box transcription factor Tbx18-expressing mesenchymal progenitors in the inflow tract region that differentiate into pacemaker myocardium to form the SAN. We found that the head and tail represent separate regulatory domains expressing distinctive gene programs. Tbx18 is required to establish the large head structure, as seen by the existence of a very small but still functional tail piece in Tbx18-deficient fetuses. In contrast, Tbx3-deficient embryos formed a morphologically normal SAN, which, however, aberrantly expressed Cx40 and other atrial genes, demonstrating that Tbx3 controls differentiation of SAN head and tail cardiomyocytes but also demonstrating that Tbx3 is not required for the formation of the SAN structure. Our data establish a functional order for Tbx18 and Tbx3 in SAN formation, in which Tbx18 controls the formation of the SAN head from mesenchymal precursors, on which Tbx3 subsequently imposes the pacemaker gene program.
Codon 4 ACT→ACA, codon 5 CCT→TCT, and codon 6 GAG→TAG mutations in cis position: A form of thalassemia trait
Authors: Sarita Agarwal, Li Wei, Yukio Hattori, S. S. Agarwal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

A female of Uttar Pradesh, of Indian origin, who had a transfusion-dependent child, carried codon 4 ACT→ACA, codon 5 CCT→TCT, and codon 6 GAG→TAG mutations at the cis position. The mutation was detected through sequencing of the amplified β-globin gene. Heterozygosity is expressed as a thalassemia trait with moderate anemia, low MCV (57 fl), raised HbA2 (6.7%), and normal fetal hemoglobin (1.4%). Am. J. Hematol. 56:187–188, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Reduced-intensity conditioning transplantation in acute leukemia: the effect of source of unrelated donor stem cells on outcomes
Authors: Claudio G. Brunstein, Mary Eapen, Kwang Woo Ahn, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Karen K. Ballen, Richard E. Champlin, Corey Cutler, Fangyu Kan, Mary J. Laughlin, Robert J. Soiffer, Daniel J. Weisdorf, Anne Woolfrey, John E. Wagner
Journal: Blood (2012)
LSD-25 IN CONVERSION REACTION
Authors: DIETRICH W. HEYDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

A new approach to a patient with conversion reaction of 1-year's duration was discussed, whose difficulties were aggravated by psychotherapeutic inaccessibility. Administration of LSD-25 in 3 sessions resulted in complete removal of the conversion symptom. His recovery has been maintained for more than a year without fruther treatment.
Glucose tolerance in patients with cystic fibrosis: five year prospective study
Authors: S Lanng, A Hansen, B Thorsteinsson, J Nerup, C Koch
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To study prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in patients with cystic fibrosis. <b>Design</b>: Five year prospective study with annual oral glucose tolerance tests. <b>Setting</b>: CF Center Copenhagen, Denmark. <b>Subjects</b>: 191 patients with cystic fibrosis aged above 2 years. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Glucose tolerance, plasma glucose concentrations after fasting and after glucose loading, and haemoglobin A1c levels. <b>Results</b>: Prevalence of diabetes increased from 11% (n=21) to 24% (n=46) during study, with annual age dependent incidence of 4-9%. Diabetes was diagnosed at median age of 21 (range 3-40 <b>Conclusions</b>: Prevalence and incidence of diabetes in cystic fibrosis patients was high and increased with age. Since hyperglycaemic symptoms, fasting hyperglycaemia, and increased levels of glycated haemoglobin did not reliably identify diabetes mellitus, we recommend annual oral glucose tolerance tests in all cystic fibrosis patients aged over 10 years.
Increased polyp detection using narrow band imaging compared with high resolution endoscopy in patients with hyperplastic polyposis syndrome
Authors: K. Boparai, F. van den Broek, S. van Eeden, P. Fockens, E. Dekker
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and study aims: Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome (HPS) is associated with colorectal cancer and is characterized by multiple hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) and adenomas. Narrow band imaging (NBI) may improve the detection of polyps in HPS. We aimed to compare polyp miss rates with NBI with those of high resolution endoscopy (HRE).
A Contribution to the Surgery of Hepatic Abscess Caused by the Bacillus Typhosus
Authors: J. Swain
Journal: BMJ (1898)

A JOURNAL curved needles can be used, from the finest to the coarsest made for the sewing machine.The two blades come asunder in a moment by turning the T-screws, and can be cleaned easily (Fig. 2).They are, I think, best sterilised for use by lying in strong spirit.The two or three reels, too, can be stored charged with silk, in bottles of spirit.But the silk should previously be boiled in i in 20 absolute phenol solution before being wound wet on the reels.
What is the optimal topical treatment for limited plaque psoriasis?
Authors: G. Parkins, A.D. Burden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Original Articles, p 954, 1095 The majority of patients with psoriasis have mild disease, and in the U.K. are treated in primary care with topical therapy. Unfortunately, however, recent advances in the management of moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis have not been accompanied by similar progress in topical treatment, and there are few data on the relative safety, efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of the topical treatments that are available. It is against this background that in October 2012 the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) published guidance for healthcare providers in the U.K. on the treatment of psoriasis, including topical treatment.1 In contrast to most clinical guidelines, for instance the British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines, NICE explicitly combines a traditional evidence‐based guideline developed from an analysis of treatment efficacy and safety, with a pharmacoeconomic guideline, based on cost‐effectiveness modelling. This two‐stage approach is illustrated by a pair of associated papers published in this issue of the BJD by members of the NICE guideline development group. They consider firstly the relative effectiveness and safety of currently available topical treatments for psoriasis,2 and then in a second paper use these data to model the most cost‐effective sequence of topical treatments for use in limited plaque psoriasis in primary care from a U.K. National Health Service perspective.3 The results are striking, and challenge current practice.
Left Ventricular Volume in Patients with Heart Failure and Cheyne-Stokes Respiration during Sleep
Authors: RUZENA TKACOVA, MICHAEL J. HALL, PETER P. LIU, FABIA S. FITZGERALD, T. DOUGLAS BRADLEY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

In patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), elevated, left ventricular (LV) volume might lead to pulmonary congestion and hypocapnia, which would create a predisposition to the development of Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA). In addition, because LV volume affects cardiac output, it should influence the lengths of hyperpneas. We therefore evaluated LV volumes and transcutaneous Pco 2 (PtcCO2) during wakefulness and stage 2 sleep in 16 patients with CHF due to nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDC). Data were then compared between those with (n = 7) and those without CSR-CSA (n = 9). LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was significantly higher in patients with than those without CSR-CSA (585 ± 118 versus 312 ± 41 ml, p < 0.05). Compared with patients without CSR-CSA, those with CSR-CSA had lower mean stage 2 sleep PtcCO2 (36.3 ± 2.2 versus 41.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and a lesser change in PtcCO2 from wakefulness to stage 2 sleep ( − 0.4 ± 0.3 versus 2.0 ± 0.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001). Among patients with CSR-CSA, hyperpnea length was inversely related to LVEDV (R = 0.769, p = 0.043) owing to the direct relationship of cardiac output to LVEDV (R = 0.791, p = 0.034). We conclude that CSR-CSA in patients with CHF due to NIDC is associated with increased LV volumes possibly through the direct or indirect influence of LV volume on PaCO2 and cardiac output.
P1221 PHARMACOKINETIC (PK) DRUG–DRUG INTERACTION BETWEEN SAMATASVIR (IDX719), A PAN-GENOTYPIC NS5A INHIBITOR, AND SIMEPREVIR IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND HCV-INFECTED SUBJECTS
Authors: X.J. Zhou, E. Donovan, J. Chen, R. van Heeswijk, J.Z. Sullivan-Bólyai, D. Mayers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Skeletal muscle atrophy and decreased muscle strength correlate with cytokine activation in chronic heart failure
Authors: P.C. Schulze, S. Möbius‐Winkler, A. Linke, V. Adams, N. Schoene, S. Erbs, S. Gielen, M. Busse, G. Schuler, R. Hambrecht
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Reliability of self-reported willingness-to-pay and annual income in patients treated for toenail onychomycosis
Authors: P.M.H. Cham, S.C. Chen, J.P. Grill, Y.C. Jonk, E.M. Warshaw
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Willingness-to-pay (WTP) is a health economics measure that has recently been used for skin diseases to evaluate patients' quality of life. However, the reliability of this measure has not been investigated in the dermatology literature and is essential in validating its use in health services research.This study evaluated the test-retest reliability of self-reported annual income and WTP, a health economics measure of disease impact, in patients with toenail onychomycosis.Forty-six patients enrolled in a randomized clinical trial comparing two different dosing regimens of terbinafine completed a self-administered questionnaire at baseline and 1 month later. The questionnaire asked: (i) how much patients would be willing to pay for a theoretical treatment with a cure rate of 85% for their current onychomycosis (10 categories: $0-50, $51-100, to > $800); and (ii) annual income (10 categories: $0-10,000 to > $200,000).Forty-four patients reported WTP at both visits, and 55% reported the same WTP. The quadratic-weighted (Fleiss-Cohen) kappa statistic indicated moderate agreement (kappa = 0.50, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.24-0.75, P < 0.01) as did the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient (r(s) = 0.57, P < 0.01; median difference = 0, P = 0.50). Strong agreement was shown among the 42 patients who reported income at both visits; 71% reported the same annual income category (kappa = 0.72, 95% CI 0.47-0.96, P < 0.01; r(s) = 0.68, P < 0.01; median difference = 0, P = 0.77). Age, disease severity and duration, previous therapy, self-reported annual income, and medication side-effects were not statistically associated with the reliability of WTP.WTP and annual income demonstrated moderate and strong test-retest reliability, respectively. Self-reported WTP can serve as a reliable measure for future health economics research on onychomycosis.
Abstract 5272: Endothelin-1 enhances cell migration in human chondrosarcoma cells through PI3K signaling pathways
Authors: Min Huan Wu, Chih-Hsin Tang, Chih-Yang Huang, Tzu En Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Tumor malignancy is associated with several features such as proliferation ability and frequency of metastasis. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent vasoconstrictor, and plays a crucial role in the migration and metastasis of human cancer cells. We found that treatment of human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells) with ET-1 increased migration activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. Pretreatment of cells with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT and mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor reduced ET-1- mediated cell migration and MMP-13 expression. In addition, NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC) or IkappaB protease inhibitor (TPCK) also inhibited ET-1 -mediated cell migration and MMP-13 up-regulation. Stimulation of cell with ET-1 induced PI3K, AKT and mTOR phosphorylation. Furthermore, the ET-1-mediated increasing kappaB-luciferase activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitor of PI3K, Akt and NF-kB cascades. Taken together, these results suggest that the ET-1 activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR, which in turn activates IKKalpha/beta and NF-kappaB, resulting in the activations of MMP-13 and contributing the migration of human chondrosarcoma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5272.
Acute viral encephalitis in childhood
Authors: C. Kennedy
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Acute viral encephalitis in childhoodPainstakingprecision in diagnosis rationalises treatment and improves prognostic certainty Viral infections of the central nervous system are mostly uncommon complications of common systemic viral infec- tions.Remarkably little is known about the factors that determine why a few patients are affected but most are not.While this uncertainty continues the immunisation of the whole child population is necessary for effective prevention.Acute encephalopathies of viral (or unknown) origin occur most commonly in the first decade of life, with a peak incidence of 1 in 500-1000 infants in their first six months.1 2 In practice the diagnosis of encephalitis is often based on an assessment of the clinical features and the exclusion of other possibilities.These include other intracranial infections; Reye's syndrome; hypoxia-ischaemia; haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy; and metabolic, toxic, vascular, and traumatic disorders.Sometimes the pathogenesis and indeed the diagnosis are left in doubt.Pleocytosis in the cerebro- spinal fluid is found in only half of patients with clinically suspected encephalitis, but it helps to narrow the wide differential diagnosis.No one clinical picture is specific to a single virus or several viruses, and the neurological illness may be triggered by the infecting virus through more than one infective or immune mediated mechanism.'4Nevertheless, a careful history that takes account of geographical and seasonal factors and a thorough examination may provide important clues to the causal agent. 12 Encephalitis may present with fever (not invariable) or meningism (with or without altered behaviour), depressed conscious level, seizures, or focal neurological deficits.Electroencephalographic abnormalities are seldom specific but may be helpful in diagnosing herpes simplex encephalitis.Cranial computed tomography often yields normal results or may show non-specific diffuse or focal low attenuation.Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive.Diagnostic tests should include examination and viral culture of samples of the respiratory secretions, a throat swab in viral transport medium, the cerebrospinal fluid, blood, urine, and stool.These specimens should, if possible, be taken within four days of the onset of the illness and sent quickly to the laboratory.Serological investigation is still, however, the mainstay of diagnosis: the proportion of viral infections of the nervous system for which a cause could be established would be greatly increased if antibodies against the relevant group of viruses were sought in appropriate paired serum samples with existing methods.Before long the polymerase chain reaction (detection of