tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies on delayed hypersensitivity in mice. III. Evidence for suppressive regulatory T1-cell population in delayed hypersensitivity.
Authors: S Morikawa, M Baba, T Harada, A Mitsuoka
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

T-T-cell interactions involved in delayed hypersensitivity (DH) response have been studied by employing delayed foot pad assay to methylated human serum albumin in C57BL/6J mice. The DH response, one of the T-cell manifestations of cell-mediated immune response is suppressively regulated by T cells and such observation was based on studies of age-associated kinetics of foot pad reaction and effects of cell transfer and adult thymectomy on developing DH response. These suppressively regulatory T cells in DH have a life span of less than 4 wk and a constant derivation from the thymus is required. Such cells are numerous in the young mouse thymus and few in the spleen and thymus of old mice. On the one hand, the presence of a long-lived effector T-cell population was suggested in DH. These cells are numerous in the spleen and are low responders to phytohemagglutinin in vitro. It is assumed that these suppressive T cells interact with antigen-reactive cells at their proliferating stage by recognition of the iodiotypic difference through surface receptors. As in the case of graft-vs.-host and humoral response in vivo, three different subsets of immune competent cells participate in the DH response. These cells consist of one specifically antigen-reactive T cell, one suppressive regulatory T cell, and one bone marrow-derived cell, a macrophage that responds to a chemical mediator from sensitized effector T cells and that develops a DH skin lesion nonspecifically.
The Rights of Infants With Down's Syndrome
Authors: George F. Smith, Eugene Diamond, Jerome Lejeune, Victor Rosenblum, Anthony Amarose, Craig Anderson, Ira Rosenthal, Norman Fost, Donna Spiker, Maria Davies
Journal: JAMA (1984)

THERE are infants—some with Down's syndrome—who are born dying, in the sense that they are afflicted with an illness for which there is no definitive life-saving treatment, and they will inevitably die as neonates. The question is how they will live while dying. Conflicts may arise in these cases over the physician's obligation toward such patients. The physician clearly must provide comfort and relief of pain, but such arduous interventions as surgery and resuscitative therapy, which would merely prolong or aggravate the dying process, need not be undertaken. There are other infants who can clearly benefit from technically complex and costly interventions. Distinguishing the first group from the second is often difficult, and risk-benefit equations have to be weighed. In the case of infants with Down's syndrome, intelligent decisions can only be made by an attending physician knowledgeable about Down's syndrome and by parents who are well instructed about the
Folic Acid and Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Arthur Kavanaugh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996Folic Acid and Methotrexate in Rheumatoid ArthritisArthur Kavanaugh, MD and Denise Kavanaugh, MDArthur Kavanaugh, MDThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, TX 75235-8577Search for more papers by this author and Denise Kavanaugh, MDThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, TX 75235-8577Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Morgan and colleagues [1] noted an association between elevations in the mean corpuscular volume and the development of toxicity to the folic acid antagonist methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Although such a correlation has been independently reported [2], there are potential pitfalls in relying on elevations in the mean corpuscular volume to indicate incipient methotrexate toxicity. Even in conditions typically characterized by macrocytosis, the mean corpuscular volume may be within the normal range in the presence of intercurrent conditions, such as iron deficiency, which predispose patients to microcytosis. Although determination of vitamin levels would be informative, ...References1. Morgan SL, Baggott JE, Vaughn WH, Austin JS, Veitch TA, Lee JY, et al. Supplementation with folic acid during methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:833-41. Google Scholar2. Weinblatt ME, Fraser P. Elevated mean corpuscular volume as a predictor of hematologic toxicity due to methotrexate therapy. Arthritis Rheum. 1989; 32:1592-6. Google Scholar3. Price-Jones C. The diameters of red cells in pernicious anemia and in anemia following haemorrhage. J Pathol. 1992; 25:487-504. Google Scholar4. Bessman JD, Gilmer RP, Gardner FH. Improved classification of anemia by MCV and RDW. Am J Clin Pathol. 1983; 80:322-6. Google Scholar5. Bergin JJ. Evaluation of anemia. Getting the most out of the MCV, RDW, and other tests. Postgrad Med. 1985; 77:253-69. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, TX 75235-8577 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 73KeywordsAnemiaComplete blood countFolic acidIron deficiencyMalnutritionMean corpuscular volumeMethotrexatePernicious anemiaRheumatoid arthritisToxicity Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reassuring Patients About Low Back Pain
Authors: Roger Chou
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Urine Drug Testing, Water Intoxication, and Anticholinergic Medication
Authors: John B. DeHoff
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor. —  Klonoff and Jurow 1 reported a case of Acute Water Intoxication as a Complication of Urine Drug Testing in the Workplace. Paruresis caused by a lack of privacy during micturition for urine testing was discussed, and impaired renal water excretion as a result of chronic psychiatric or neurological disorders was mentioned as a possible causal factor.  The patient had been taking twice daily for 10 days a cold tablet containing phenlypropanolamine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, dextromethorphan hydrobromide, and acetaminophen. Package labels on this over-the-counter preparation bear a warning that the purchaser is advised not to take the product if there is difficulty in urination due to enlargement of the prostate gland or bladder neck obstruction. This part of the warning is not intended for women, and a hesitancy in urination resulting from the medication may be easily overlooked by them. Anticholinergic effects of chlorpheniramine may precipitate or
Sex Education in the Inner City
Authors: Michael D. Benson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The Discovery program, initiated in 1982, includes two separate one-hour presentations on sex education. It is presented by medical student volunteers to children in the seventh and eighth grades of inner-city public schools. A study including 1,133 youngsters demonstrated a 32% improvement in scores with excellent retention. A control group of 126 students tested three times who did not hear the program demonstrated no learning from the test alone. Socioeconomic status, grade, and sex all influenced the level of knowledge prior to instruction but did not affect the degree of learning. Searches of the medical and educational literature reveal that this appears to be the most thoroughly investigated sex education course in the United States for any grade level. In view of its low cost and ease of implementation, the program could well serve as a model for junior high school sex education curricula in other school systems. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:43-47)
Pure Red Cell Aplasia after 13 Years of Sodium Valproate, and Bone Marrow Suppression after 17 Years of Carbamazepine
Authors: Tiong The, Ratnavalli Kolla, Fitzroy Dawkins, Annapurni Jayam Trouth
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2004)

A 38-year-old woman presented with acute hematological toxicity from her anticonvulsants, even though she had been taking them for many years.
Identification of TWSG1 as a second novel erythroid regulator of hepcidin expression in murine and human cells
Authors: Toshihiko Tanno, Prashanth Porayette, Orapan Sripichai, Seung-Jae Noh, Colleen Byrnes, Ajoy Bhupatiraju, Y. Terry Lee, Julia B. Goodnough, Omid Harandi, Tomas Ganz, Robert F. Paulson, Jeffery L. Miller
Journal: Blood (2009)
Androgen Deprivation — Continuous, Intermittent, or None at All?
Authors: Oliver Sartor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

There is a long history behind the study reported by Crook et al. in this issue of the Journal.1 In 1941, Huggins and Hodges wrote about the first study of hormonal therapies for metastatic prostate cancer.2 It was a remarkable observation: men with painful metastatic prostate cancer had a response to orchiectomy or estrogens, with dramatic symptom relief and declines in a circulating serum biomarker (acid phosphatase). Huggins deservedly was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1966. Few therapeutic advances in prostate cancer occurred from 1941 until the 1970s.In 1971, Andrew Schally and colleagues described the luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone . . .
Macrophage diversity in renal injury and repair
Authors: Sharon D. Ricardo, Harry van Goor, Allison A. Eddy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Monocyte-derived macrophages can determine the outcome of the immune response and whether this response contributes to tissue repair or mediates tissue destruction. In addition to their important role in immune-mediated renal disease and host defense, macrophages play a fundamental role in tissue remodeling during embryonic development, acquired kidney disease, and renal allograft responses. This review summarizes macrophage phenotype and function in the orchestration of kidney repair and replacement of specialized renal cells following injury. Recent advances in our understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in response to their microenvironment raise new and exciting therapeutic possibilities to attenuate or conceivably reverse progressive renal disease in the context of fibrosis. Furthermore, parallels with pathological processes in many other organs also exist.
Gastric Ulcer
Authors: J. Richard Gott, David Shapiro, Karl C. Kelty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

GASTRIC ulcer was mentioned during the eighteenth century but was not recognized as a definite pathologic entity until Cruveilhier's1 classic description of chronic simple ulcer of the stomach in 1829. In 1857 Brinton2 discussed the difficulty of differentiating benign from malignant gastric ulcers, and pathologists at the Mayo Clinic, in the beginning of the twentieth century, showed that many of the lesions that appeared benign were actually malignant. Recently, other authors have reported a high incidence of cancers in cases of gastric ulcer, but some of these studies have included obvious carcinomas.Cases of long-standing or recurring gastric ulcers that . . .
Reversibility of Cardiac Abnormalities in Morbidly Obese Adolescents
Authors: Holly M. Ippisch, Thomas H. Inge, Stephen R. Daniels, Baiyang Wang, Philip R. Khoury, Sandra A. Witt, Betty J. Glascock, Victor F. Garcia, Thomas R. Kimball
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Cystinosis
Authors: J. EDWIN SEEGMILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Cystinosis, a recessively inherited disease with cystine crystals in the cornea, bone marrow, and reticuloendothelial cells, occurs in two forms. In adults it is a benign disorder, while in children it is invariably fatal. Features of the childhood type are related to dysfunction of the renal tubules resulting in the Fanconi syndrome with polyuria, generalized aminoaciduria, glycosuria, phosphaturia, and rickets. Glomerular damage leads to uremic death, usually within the first decade of life. A characteristic lesion in the peripheral retina, a patchy depigmentation, is found consistently in the childhood form but not in the adult form. The lesion was detectable in a child only 5 weeks old. The primary biochemical defect is unclear, but the abnormality most directly related to the crystal deposition is a high cystine concentration within cells rather than in plasma. The cystine concentrations in leukocytes and in fibroblasts grown in culture are 80 and 100 times normal, respectively. Heterozygotes show modest increases in cystine concentration in both cell types. Cystine may be compartmentalized within cells of these children since it separates with a granular fraction on high speed centrifugation and is incapable of supplying nutritional requirements for cystine when affected fibroblasts are cultured in vitro in a cystine-free medium. Experimental treatment with D-penicillamine or with a synthetic diet low in cystine and methionine decreased the concentration of cystine in plasma to one half and one third of normal values, respectively, but failed to alter either the children's clinical course or their intracellular cystine concentration.
Long-Term Clinical Improvement in MPTP-Lesioned Primates after Gene Therapy with AAV-hAADC
Authors: Krystof S. Bankiewicz, John Forsayeth, Jamie L. Eberling, Rosario Sanchez-Pernaute, Philip Pivirotto, John Bringas, Peter Herscovitch, Richard E. Carson, William Eckelman, Bryan Reutter, Janet Cunningham
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Dopamine, the major neurotransmitter depleted in Parkinson disease, can be synthesized and regulated in vivo with a combination of intrastriatal AAV-hAADC gene therapy and administration of the dopamine precursor l-Dopa. When tested in MPTP-lesioned monkeys, this approach resulted in long-term improvement in clinical rating scores, significantly lowered l-Dopa requirements, and a reduction in l-Dopa-induced side effects. Positron emission tomography with [18F]FMT confirmed persistent AADC activity, demonstrating for the first time that infusion of AAV vector into primate brain results in at least 6 years of transgene expression. AAV-hAADC restores the ability of the striatum to convert l-Dopa into dopamine efficiently. Introduction of this therapy into the clinic holds promise for Parkinson patients experiencing the motor complications that result from escalating l-Dopa requirements against a background of disease progression.
959. Pharmacokinetic Studies of Human IFN-ß in Mice Following Gene-Based Delivery
Authors: Linda Cashion, Ann Orme, Alan Brooks, Peiyin Wang, Paul Szymanski, Cecile Chartier, Maxine Bauzon, Hu Sheng Qian, Perry Liu, Heather Gibson, Kathy White, Terry Hermiston, R. Jude Samulski, Gabor M. Rubanyi, Richard N. Harkins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Interferon-|[szlig]| (IFN-|[szlig]|) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that has been approved as a protein therapeutic for multiple sclerosis (MS). Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that IFN-|[szlig]| has an extremely short half-life in the circulation. Within a few hours following bolus delivery of the recombinant protein, hIFN-|[szlig]| levels in serum are undetectable. Gene-based delivery of IFN-|[szlig]| would offer advantages over bolus delivery of protein in providing sustained long-term expression of the protein resulting in therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects.
The Vienna Medical School of the 19th Century
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In the 19th century (and much of the 20th) Vienna was among the foremost medical centers of the Western world. In 1965 Erna Lesky published a history of the Viennese school, a book that is now translated into English.  The book, encyclopedic in scope, has many excellent features—and many drawbacks. Based on archival sources as well as published works, the amount of detail is truly enormous. After a short introduction, the course of events is described in three sections, chronologically more or less distinct. Within each of these periods, the exposition attends to individual specialties, eg, internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics. In the last and longest section, more than 20 specialties are described. This presentation of information in mosaic form is fine for those who want specific details about specific individuals or events. Moreover, the references and bibliographies comprise an admirable storehouse of information; the old photographs are splendid.  Unfortunately, there
Prevention and treatment of bleeding complications in patients receiving vitamin K antagonists, Part 1: Prevention
Authors: David Garcia, Walter Ageno, Henry Bussey, John Eikelboom, Maurizio Margaglione, Francesco Marongiu, Marco Moia, Gualtiero Palareti, Vittorio Pengo, Daniela Poli, Sam Schulman, Dan Witt, Ann Wittkowksy, Mark Crowther
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)
CHRONIC (LUPOID) LEISHMANIASIS.
Authors: JOHN H. S. PETTIT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

Journal Article CHRONIC (LUPOID) LEISHMANIASIS. Get access JOHN H. S. PETTIT, M.D., M.R.C.P. JOHN H. S. PETTIT, M.D., M.R.C.P. Formerly Professor of Dermatology, University of Shiraz, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 74, Issue 4, 1 April 1962, Pages 127–131, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13474.x Published: 01 April 1962
The Frequency of Hypertension Induced by Oral Contraceptives.
Authors: W. Dallas Hall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972The Frequency of Hypertension Induced by Oral Contraceptives.W. Dallas Hall, M.D., Robert A. Hatcher, M.D.W. Dallas Hall, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert A. Hatcher, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-874_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA controlled and longitudinal study was instituted to ascertain the frequency of hypertension associated with use of oral contraceptives.One hundred and ninety 6-weeks postpartum negro women were enrolled in this ongoing study. Contraception was initiated with either Ovulen-21® (1.0 mg ethynodiol diacetate and 0.1 mg mestranol) or an intrauterine device (IUD). Thrice-repeated, supine, right arm systolic (S) and Phase V diastolic (D) measurements were made by the same observer at 6 (baseline), 18, and 30 weeks postpartum. Thus far, 80 women have completed a minimum of 30 weeks follow-up.Women on oral contraceptives developed a 5.0-mm Hg rise in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Atlanta, Ga. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 874-874KeywordsContraceptivesHypertensionIntrauterine devicesLongitudinal studiesOral contraceptive therapy Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Consensus statement from the American Cancer Society Workshop on neuroblastoma screening: Do benifit from mass screening for neuroblastoma?
Authors: Sharon B. Murphy, Susan L. Cohn, Alan W. Craft, William G. Woods, Tadashi Sawada, Robert P. Castlaberry, Harvay L. Levy, Philip C. Prorok, G. Denman Hammond
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1991)
ARTIFICIALLY PREPARED FOODS, THEIR NUTRITIVE VALUE AND DIETETIC APPLICATION.
Authors: L. BREISACHER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The history of the scientific production of artificially prepared foods, like that of the subjects of digestion, nutrition and metabolism, is nothing more than a summary of the achievements of the experimental sciences relating to general biology and the science of medicine. Investigation of the various empiric dietetic systems, from the time of Aristotle up to the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century, shows that, while various grain decoctions, ptisan, almond, egg and sugar-water and probably a few other dietetic preparations were used for invalids, no preparation existed which might lay claim to being an artificially prepared food in the sense that the term is used to-day. Far reaching and revolutionary were the discoveries which ushered in the birth of the exact knowledge of nutrition and dietetics!<sup>1</sup>On the one hand we had the discovery of oxygen by Priestly and Scheele in 1774, and
Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID)—Is the Amputation of Healthy Limbs Ethically Justified?
Authors: Sabine Müller
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

The term body integrity identity disorder (BIID) describes the extremely rare phenomenon of persons who desire the amputation of one or more healthy limbs or who desire a paralysis. Some of these persons mutilate themselves; others ask surgeons for an amputation or for the transection of their spinal cord. Psychologists and physicians explain this phenomenon in quite different ways; but a successful psychotherapeutic or pharmaceutical therapy is not known. Lobbies of persons suffering from BIID explain the desire for amputation in analogy to the desire of transsexuals for surgical sex reassignment. Medical ethicists discuss the controversy about elective amputations of healthy limbs: on the one hand the principle of autonomy is used to deduce the right for body modifications; on the other hand the autonomy of BIID patients is doubted. Neurological results suggest that BIID is a brain disorder producing a disruption of the body image, for which parallels for stroke patients are known. If BIID were a neuropsychological disturbance, which includes missing insight into the illness and a specific lack of autonomy, then amputations would be contraindicated and must be evaluated as bodily injuries of mentally disordered patients. Instead of only curing the symptom, a causal therapy should be developed to integrate the alien limb into the body image.