tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In Search of a Hodgkin's Disease Virus
Authors: Robert C. Gallo, Edward P. Gelmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Hodgkin's disease is often regarded as a neoplasia arising from an infectious cause. This idea originated from histologic studies of an unusual mixed cellular reaction. Some epidemiologic studies subsequently pointed in the same direction. First, there were reports of Hodgkin's disease clusters, soon criticized as attributable to chance. Then, another type of epidemiologic study found a higher than expected incidence of Hodgkin's disease in persons with a history of infectious mononucleosis and in members of more advantaged socioeconomic groups. Members of these socioeconomic groups are presumably exposed to a causative virus later in life because of smaller families, a lower . . .
INSTRUMENT FOR INVAGINATING TIP OF APPENDIX.
Authors: S. D. VAN METER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

While it is impossible in all cases to adhere to an ideal technic in appendicectomy, it is generally admitted that where it is practicable invagination of the stump is desirable. In many instances, however, especially when the purse-string suture is placed too far from the junction of the cecum and appendix, the stump is not invaginated, but simply covered up with the peritoneum in the grasp of a suture applied in such a manner. As performed, the invagination is usually accomplished with an ordinary pair of tissue or hemostatic forceps, which serve satisfactorily so far as invagination is concerned, but on drawing the purse-string suture taut, release of the forceps often becomes awkward, and sometimes difficult. Frequently the invagination is undone when the forceps are being withdrawn, owing to the increased pressure exerted on the appendiceal tissue within their grasp by the tension of the purse-string suture on the forcep
The cardiac effects of d- and l-disopyramide in normal subjects: a noninvasive study.
Authors: C Pollick, K M Giacomini, T F Blaschke, W L Nelson, K Turner-Tamiyasu, V Briskin, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Commercially available disopyramide is a racemic mixture of equal parts of dextrorotatory (d-) and levorotatory (l-) optical isomers. We studied the cardiac effects of i.v. administration of each isomer and the racemic mixture (dl-) in six normal males by digitized echocardiography, systolic time intervals and ECG. Both isomers and the racemic mixture produced equally marked dose-dependent negative inotropic effects (28.1 +/- 11.8% mean maximal reduction in fractional shortening of left ventricular dimension) and diastolic effects (28.6 +/- 24.1% mean maximal reduction in peak left ventricular filling rate). However, only the d-isomer prolonged QTc duration (by 13.6 +/- 5.2% at maximum, p less than 0.001 vs l-isomer). We conclude that disopyramide, in the doses used, produces marked adverse effects on left ventricle systolic and diastolic function in normal subjects independent of optical rotation. The production of these effects by the l-isomer without affecting QTc duration suggests different subcellular mechanisms for the myocardial depressant effects and some of the electrophysiologic effects of disopyramide.
Histochemical and ultrastructural study of diffuse melanoderma after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: S. ARACTINGI, A. JANIN, A. DEVERGIE, M. BOURGES, G. SOCIE, E. GLUCKMAN†
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Hyperpigmentation is a well-recognized feature of cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and is usually restricted to sites where lichenoid or sclerodermiform lesions have occurred. Since 1975, two of 745 patients treated by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in our institution have developed diffuse melanoderma which differed considerably from the classic presentations. They both developed acute GVHD, then lichen planus-like chronic lesions and diffuse melanoderma. Histology of biopsies of the pigmented skin showed intense pigment deposition in the basal and suprabasal layers, and in dermal macrophages. On split-dopa, melanocyte counts were 98 and 93 per field, respectively. Electron microscopy showed melanocytes protruding into the dermis, and dark melanosomes in all epidermal layers and in macrophages. These findings were suggestive of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. In bone marrow recipients, de novo melanoderma is a rare event which could represent a feature of cutaneous GVHD in pigmented subjects.
Sport, Exercise and Health — Pure Food — Personal Postscript (to a Hundred Letters)
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

WITH the continued tendency for the working week to contract, the general public is going to have to find ways of occupying an increasing proportion of leisure time. Sport and games are therefore becoming more prominent in the pattern of social life, and it has to be admitted that the inequalities of opportunity for the young are at times both widespread and flagrant. Because of this, a committee was appointed to study the problems of sport and the community and has recently made its report. Not surprisingly it recommends that more money be spent on providing more sports facilities. It . . .
Antibiotics for respiratory illness?
Authors: D. F Tomlinson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

suggested by Mr Pearson and Miss Weaver, record many fewer movements per unit time than when they record for shorter periods.Presumably this is an effect of fatigue and reduced alertness.Recording during meals, conversation, reading, listening to music, etc, is not reliable.We instruct the women to assess and record each fetal movement for periods of 30-60 min three times a day.If the number of movements is less than three per hour the recording is continued for 6-12 hours in the day.From the sum of the movements recorded the rate per 12 hours-daily fetal movement recording (DFMR)-is calculated.Employing this method for a total of 1 5-3 hours a day the computed DFMR in 114 women with a normal outcome varied between 4 and 1440 per 12 hours.The majority of DFMRs were between 200 and 600 per 12 hours.In addition, the number of fetal movements recorded by an electromagnetic device' varied between 25 and 235 per hour.The patients recorded 87'. of
Household Detergents as Douches-Reply
Authors: Robert B. Greenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The criticism, based on a statement taken out of context, is wholly unwarranted for it refers not to the main theme but to the supposition. It would appear that the protestor is looking for a forum to express his views and is attacking the wrong premise. A perusal of my reply will reveal these concluding statements: "Whether the continuous use of such a detergent would eventually interfere with the normal bacterial flora is unknown. Until such clinical studies are done and found, both harmless and beneficial, however,<i>such detergents should not be used</i>." Obviously, this consultant was not recommending or condoning the use of detergents as douching agents. A warning was sounded in my reply that, "The vaginal mucosa is subject to trauma, infections, and iatrogenic inflammatory reactions chemically induced from jellies, medicated suppositories, and strong douches." However, my awareness of the experience of a highly qualified
Characterization of a novel deletion causing (δβ)<sup>0</sup>‐thalassemia in a Thai family
Authors: Saovaros Svasti, Surachate Paksua, Issarang Nuchprayoon, Pranee Winichagoon, Suthat Fucharoen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract A novel deletion of the human β‐globin gene cluster associated with the increased level of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) in adult life has been demonstrated in a Thai family. A Thai girl who was mistakenly diagnosed as β‐thalassemia/HbE is found to be the compound heterozygote of this mutation and Hb E. The heterozygous father had mild hypochromic and microcytic red blood cells and a high level of Hb F (23.2%). Polymorphic restriction sites in the β‐globin gene cluster identified the homozygous alleles, which localized the deletion region between the ψβ‐globin and the 3′ β‐globin genes. DNA polymerase that can amplify a long DNA template was employed to examine DNA fragment encompassing this deletion. A 11.3 kilobases (kb) of DNA deletion, beginning ∼3.1 kb 5′ to the δ‐globin gene and end in the intron 2 of the β‐globin gene was detected. DNA analysis revealed that this is a case of (δβ) 0 ‐thalassemia with a novel mutation, which can lead to a mild form of β‐thalassemia upon interaction with Hb E. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Arrhythmias During Acute Pericarditis-Reply
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In Reply.—  Although Dr Wehrmacher's experience leads him to different conclusions, I am delighted that such a distinguished cardiologist will be stimulated to accumulate further statistical studies. Indeed, a properly designed, prospective study is what is needed to confirm or  my study. We might in fact be dealing with different clinical material (though mine had some of everything) and be in the classic position of the blind men and the elephant. I should point out that my data do not refute Dr James' work (and Friedberg did no formal study); James' report is on dead people, most of whom had had serious heart disease or had had cardiac surgery. In such a group, one anticipates both pericarditis and arrhythmias; moreover, most people dying of anything in hospitals have arrhythmias. So James' report has little to do with common clinical experience and nothing to do with my series in JAMA
Dark satanic mills
Authors: Wendy Moore
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Charles Turner Thackrah (1795-1833) enrolled as a pupil at Guy’s Hospital in London in 1815, two days after John Keats. Like the poet, Thackrah died young—at 38—from tuberculosis. Yet Thackrah’s brief life helped to save and improve the lives of millions through his crusading work on occupational disease.

Born in Leeds, Thackrah trained at Leeds Infirmary before “walking the wards” at Guy’s. He returned to his native city in 1817 to set up private practice as a surgeon-apothecary—effectively a general practitioner—and was also appointed as “town surgeon” to treat the city’s poor. The young Thackrah won acclaim and prizes, …
Petrified ears associated with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Authors: R.M. Strauss
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Petrified ears associated with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism Get access R.M. Strauss R.M. Strauss Department of Dermatology, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Armthorpe Road, Doncaster DN2 5LE, U.K. E‐mail: roland_m_strauss@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 2, 1 February 2008, Pages 409–410, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08290.x Published: 01 February 2008
704-3 Relation of Neurohormonal Activation to Functional Class in Patients with Primary or Precapillary Secondary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Nazzareno Galié, Maria L. Borgatti, Gianpaolo Ussia, Riccardo Parlangeli, Stefano Boschi, Alberto Bargossi, Angelo Branzi, Bruno Magnani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Comprehensive Use of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Identifies Adults With Congenital Heart Disease at Increased Mortality Risk in the Medium Term
Authors: Ryo Inuzuka, Gerhard-Paul Diller, Francesco Borgia, Leah Benson, Edgar L.W. Tay, Rafael Alonso-Gonzalez, Margarida Silva, Menelaos Charalambides, Lorna Swan, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, Michael A. Gatzoulis
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Parameters of cardiopulmonary exercise testing were recently identified as strong predictors of mortality in adults with congenital heart disease. We hypothesized that combinations of cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters may provide optimal prognostic information on midterm survival in this population. Methods and Results— A total of 1375 consecutive adult patients with congenital heart disease (age, 33±13 years) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing at a single center over a period of 10 years. Peak oxygen consumption (peak V̇ o 2 ), ventilation per unit of carbon dioxide production (V̇ e /V̇ co 2 slope), and heart rate reserve were measured. During a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 117 patients died. Peak V̇ o 2 , heart rate reserve, and V̇ e /V̇ co 2 slope were related to midterm survival in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Risk of death increased with lower peak V̇ o 2 and heart rate reserve. A higher V̇ e /V̇ co 2 slope was also related to increased risk of death in noncyanotic patients, whereas the V̇ e /V̇ co 2 slope was not predictive of mortality in cyanotic patients. The combination of peak V̇ o 2 and heart rate reserve provided the greatest predictive information after adjustment for clinical parameters such as negative chronotropic agents, age, and presence of cyanosis. However, the incremental value of these exercise parameters was reduced in patients with peak respiratory exchange ratio &lt;1.0. Conclusions— Cardiopulmonary exercise testing provides strong prognostic information in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Prognostication should be approached differently, depending on the presence of cyanosis, use of rate-lowering medications, and achieved level of exercise. We provide 5-year survival prospects based on cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters in this growing population.
Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Related Thrombocytopenia With Zidovudine
Authors: John C. Pottage
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related thrombocytopenia has been well described and requires therapy in about one half of the patients. Conventional modes of therapy with prednisone, danazol, immunoglobulin, and/or splenectomy have not been uniformly successful. We have administered zidovudine to three patients with HIV-related thrombocytopenia. All three patients responded with a sustained increase in their platelet counts, despite discontinuation of conventional therapy. Interruption of zidovudine therapy was associated with a decrease in platelet count. Concomitant with the elevation in platelet count with zidovudine therapy, there was a reduction in the circulating p24 antigen levels. Whether the elevations in the platelet count in these patients with HIV-related thrombocytopenia is due to the antiviral effect of zidovudine is unknown. It is clear that further studies examining the prospective use of zidovudine in the treatment of HIV-related thrombocytopenia are indicated.
WEST AFRICAN NATIVE FOODS.
Authors: ROBERT HAMILL NASSAN
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The vegetable foods of the natives of western equatorial Africa are various, but their principal carbohydrates, their two staves of life, so to speak, are the tuber of the cassava or manioc, (<i>Jatiopha manihot</i>,) and the fruit of the plantain (<i>Musa sapientum</i>). They grow also maize, yams, sweet potato, arum, gourds, squash, pumpkin, okra, beans, tomato, ground-nuts, eschalots, cayenne pepper. Their agriculture in that part of Africa requires no general upturning of the soil. A spot having been selected in the forest adjacent to the village, the women first go through with long knives or matchets, and cut down all the underbrush and saplings. Then the men follow, felling the trees. These with their branches and dense foliage interlocked by a super-abundance of vines and lianos, impenetrably cover the acres of the chosen space and lie dying for some two weeks. This is done during that season that is without
Serum IgG Antibodies Against the NR<sub>1</sub>Subunit of the NMDA Receptor Not Detected in Schizophrenia
Authors: Joseph C. Masdeu, Ana GonzáLez-Pinto, Carlos Matute, Sonia Ruiz De Azúa, A. Palomino, Jose De Leon, Karen F. Berman, Josep Dalmau
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)
Mondor's Disease
Authors: Howard H. Patt
Journal: JAMA (1966)

To the Editor:—  The article on Mondor's disease ( 196 :1087, 1966) is an excellent review of a surprisingly common but usually unrecognized condition. Since first becoming aware of the entity in 1962, I have seen several instances of typical string phelbitis which followed the expected course of spontaneous disappearance.  The author in his commentary failed to point out that in rare instances there may be clinical involvement of the breast with such limited distribution that a primary breast tumor is suspected. Such a case with a review of the literature was published in the Sinai Hospital Journal ( 10 :28, 1961).
Abstract 2394: The role of DNA repair in breast cancer risk and recurrence
Authors: Jaime L. Matta, Erick Suarez, Wanda Vargas, Carmen Ortiz, Manuel Bayona, Luisa Morales
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease that is caused by multiple factors. Deficits in DNA repair capacity (DRC) are known to cause certain familial BC, and dysregulation of DRC develops with progressive carcinogenesis. However, the effect of DRC on carcinogenesis of sporadic breast tumors has not been well characterized_and the factors associated with DRC variability are still poorly understood. DNA repair is integral to maintain genomic integrity, and carcinogenesis occurs when efficient, effective DNA repair is impaired. Our laboratory has just finished the recruitment of nearly 1,200 women in a seven-year molecular epidemiology study focused on the role of DRC as a risk factor for BC. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to present key findings on the role of DRC as a risk factor for BC and its potential association with BC recurrence. METHODS: A personal interview was conducted for soliciting information on BC risk factors. Among the 493 BC cases and 683 controls the DRC was measured in lymphocytes using a host cell reactivation assay with a luciferase reporter gene. We stratified the women with BC using the median of the DRC level and selected 70 women with a low DRC level (&amp;lt;2.8%) who had been enrolled in the study for at least 5 years in order to assess the BC recurrence. RESULTS: Our 7 year study of DRC of female cohorts in Puerto Rico has shown that women with BC have a DRC that, on average, is 51% lower than women without BC (P &amp;lt; 0.001, Mann Whitney U-test). Women with low DRC have 6.8 (95%CI 5.2, 9.0) times the odds for BC when compared with women with high DRC level. So far, the overall BC recurrence was 17% and the 5-year mortality was 10%. Recurrence was primarily in the lung, liver, bone, or occurred as generalized metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: Using a large sample size (n=1,183 participants), we show that women with BC had on an average a 51% lower DRC than controls (P&amp;lt;0.001). We also present the first data on the potential between a low DRC and risk of BC recurrence. With a larger sample size, we will test the hypothesis that low DRC can predict risk of BC recurrence. Supported by grants from the NCI Center to Reduce Health Disparities through the NIH-MBRS Program grants S06 GM008239-20, 9SC1CA182846-04 to PSMHS through JM and MBRS-RISE GM082406 through CO. Citation Format: Jaime L. Matta, Erick Suarez, Wanda Vargas, Carmen Ortiz, Manuel Bayona, Luisa Morales. The role of DNA repair in breast cancer risk and recurrence. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2394. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2394
Apolipoprotein B and A-I distribution in Mexican urban adults: Results of a nationwide survey
Authors: Victoria Valles, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Francisco J. G[oacute]mez-P[eacute]rez, Rosalba Rojas, Aurora Franco, Gustavo Olaiz, Juan A. Rull, Jaime Sepulveda
Journal: Metabolism (2002)
AAV Vector-Mediated Correction of Brain Pathology in a Mouse Model of Niemann–Pick A Disease
Authors: Marco A. Passini, Shannon L. Macauley, Michael R. Huff, Tatyana V. Taksir, Jie Bu, I-Huan Wu, Peter A. Piepenhagen, James C. Dodge, Lamya S. Shihabuddin, Catherine R. O'Riordan, Edward H. Schuchman, Gregory R. Stewart
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Niemann-Pick A disease (NPA) is a fatal lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. The lack of functional ASM results in cellular accumulation of sphingomyelin and cholesterol within distended lysosomes throughout the brain. In this study, we investigated the potential of AAV-mediated expression of ASM to correct the brain pathology in an ASM knockout (ASMKO) mouse model of NPA. An AAV serotype 2 vector encoding human ASM (AAV2-hASM) was injected directly into the adult ASMKO hippocampus of one hemisphere. This resulted in expression of human ASM in all major cell layers of the ipsilateral hippocampus for at least 15 weeks postinjection. Transduced cells were also present in the entorhinal cortex, medial septum, and contralateral hippocampus in a pattern consistent with retrograde axonal transport of AAV2. There was a substantial reduction of distended lysosomes and an almost complete reversal of cholesterol accumulation in all areas of the brain that were targeted by AAV2-hASM. These findings show that the ASMKO brain is responsive to ASM replacement and that retrograde transport of AAV2 functions as a platform for widespread gene delivery and reversal of pathology in affected brain.
POSSIBILITY OF IATROGENIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR HYPERNATREMIA IN DEHYDRATED INFANTS
Authors: Vernon R. DeYoung
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Current trends in the therapy of acute diarrheal disease in infants and children may be responsible for the reported increase in the incidence of hypernatremia. In a series of 47 cases, 10 patients were found to have a serum sodium concentration of 150 mEq. per liter or above. These patients, mildly ill initially, became hypernatremic after receiving medical care as follows: the prescription of abnormally large quantities of liquids with high salt content for oral ingestion (seven cases), the administration of isotonic sodium chloride solution by hypodermoclysis (two cases), or the intravenous administration of electrolyte solutions at too rapid a rate (two cases). The resulting hypernatremia produced coma in nine cases, convulsions in six cases, death in two cases, and persistent convulsive disorders in three cases.
A Prospective Study of the Outcome for Fetuses With Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Michael R. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To establish the natural history and outcome of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) diagnosed before birth. The mortality of CDH with currently available postnatal care, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), reported in retrospective studies ranges from less than 25% to greater than 75%. This variation is attributable to a "hidden mortality" (infants who die with CDH that is not recognized) of unknown magnitude.Prospectively followed case series.Patients were referred from practitioners in 18 states and evaluated and followed up by the University of California, San Francisco, Fetal Treatment Center. Arrangements were made for planned delivery at tertiary perinatal centers with ECMO capability.All 83 fetuses with isolated, potentially correctable CDH diagnosed prior to 24 weeks' gestation referred to the University of California, San Francisco, Fetal Treatment Center between January 1989 and October 1993.Survival beyond 2 months after optimal postnatal care.Fifty-eight percent (48 of 83) died despite optimal postnatal care (95% confidence interval, 41% to 75%). Of the 48 nonsurvivors, seven suffered intrauterine fetal demise, four were too premature for ECMO, 16 died before ECMO could be started, and 21 died despite ECMO therapy. Twenty-two of the 35 survivors received ECMO, and nine of these have severe chronic illness attributable to the intensive management.In this study, the mortality for potentially correctable CDH diagnosed before 24 weeks' gestation is 58%, despite optimal care presently available after birth. Infants who die in utero and soon after birth constitute a substantial hidden mortality.