tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
India versus Pakistan and the power of a six: an analysis of cricket results
Authors: Kamran Abbasi, Khalid S Khan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

To paraphrase CLR James, "What do they know of South Asia who do not cricket know?" George Orwell described sport as war minus the shooting.South Asian cricket has been dubbed war minus the nuclear missiles.The result of a sports match can trigger cardiac deaths, 1 and contests between India and Pakistan have prompted shootings, riots, killings, and sudden death.Cricket has been used as an extension of foreign policy-to instigate peace or prolong hostilities.However, regional cooperation will probably increase prosperity, with some commentators arguing that cricket is an important component of public health strategies. 2 Facing up to the future requires a dispassionate appraisal of the past.How have India and Pakistan fared against each other in cricket?To answer this questionuppermost in the minds of over a billion people in South Asia and many millions outside-we compared 50 years of test matches and one day matches between India and Pakistan.One incident galvanised the emotions of these two nations.In 1986 Pakistan batsman Javed Miandad scored a dramatic match-winning six off the last ball in a one day match that his side had looked like losing until that delivery-a shot heard throughout South Asia and much of the world.The burning question since has been what effect Miandad's six-a reference point in South Asia to rival John F Kennedy's shooting and the winning baseball strike in Don DeLillo's Underworld-had on the subsequent performance of the teams?Could analysis of results before and after this reference point answer the question, end conjecture, and allow peace to blossom?
Mechanisms of enhanced cholesteryl ester transfer from high density lipoproteins to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins during alimentary lipemia.
Authors: A Tall, D Sammett, E Granot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

In vitro lipoprotein lipase enhances the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters from high density lipoproteins (HDL) to very low density lipoproteins as a result of lipolysis-induced alterations in lipoprotein lipids that lead to increased binding of CETP. To determine if there are similar changes during alimentary lipemia, we measured the transfer of cholesteryl esters from HDL to apo B-containing lipoproteins in incubated fasting and postprandial plasma. In seven normolipidemic subjects there was 2-3-fold stimulation of cholesteryl ester transfer in alimentary lipemic plasma. Cholesteryl ester transfer was stimulated when either the d less than 1.063-or d greater than 1.063-g/ml fraction of lipemic plasma was recombined with its complementary fraction of fasting plasma. To determine the distribution of CETP, plasma was fractionated by agarose chromatography and CETP activity was measured in column fractions in a standardized assay. In fasting plasma, most of the CETP was in smaller HDL, and a variable fraction was nonlipoprotein bound. During lipemia there was increased binding of CETP to larger phospholipid-enriched HDL and in two subjects an increase in CETP in apo B-containing lipoproteins. The total CETP activity of fractions of lipemic plasma was increased 1.1-1.7-fold compared with fasting plasma. Lipemic CETP activity was also increased when measured in lipoprotein-free fractions after dissociation of CETP from the lipoproteins. When purified CETP was incubated with phospholipid-enriched HDL isolated from alimentary lipemic or phospholipid vesicle-treated plasma, there was increased binding of CETP to the phospholipid-enriched HDL compared with fasting HDL, with a parallel stimulation in CETP activity. Thus, the pronounced stimulation of cholesteryl ester transfer during alimentary lipemia is due to (a) an increased mass of triglyceride-rich acceptor lipoproteins, (b) a redistribution of CETP, especially increased binding to larger phospholipid-enriched HDL, and (c) an increase in total activity of CETP, perhaps due to an increased CETP mass.
Bekololari ("Beko") Ransome-Kuti
Authors: L. Edozien
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Medical researcher who pioneered the controlled clinical trial as a gold standard and who demonstrated the efficacy of streptomycin as a treatment for tuberculosisIn a long career-he lived to 106 and worked until he was 102-Philip D'Arcy Hart showed that pneumoconiosis was an industrial disease for which sufferers should receive compensation.In a landmark controlled clinical trial with Sir Austin Bradford Hill, Hart showed that streptomycin, then newly discovered, cured tuberculosis.In 1965 he was made a CBE for this work.He did other major epidemiology, retired at 65, and spent the next 37 years making fundamental advances on the pathogenesis of tubercle bacilli.
Kinetics of C5a release in cardiac lymph of dogs experiencing coronary artery ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Authors: W J Dreyer, L H Michael, T Nguyen, C W Smith, D C Anderson, M L Entman, R D Rossen
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Previous studies of myocardial ischemia suggest that complement activation may play a central role in the inflammatory response during reperfusion. Our previous work has demonstrated neutrophil chemotactic activity to be present in reperfusion canine cardiac lymph after myocardial ischemia and infarction. To evaluate the contribution of the complement-dependent anaphylatoxin C5a to this neutrophil chemotactic activity, rabbit antiserum to canine C5a was prepared. At dilutions &gt; 1:500 but &lt; 1:2,000, the antiserum abolished the ability of zymosan-activated dog serum to induce a ruffled, bipolar morphology in isolated neutrophils used as a bioassay of chemotactic stimulation. This antiserum did not affect similar morphological changes in neutrophils exposed to platelet activating factor (10(-7)-10(-6) M) or recombinant human interleukin-8 (10(-9)-10(-8) M); thus, we deemed it functionally specific for canine C5a. In a pattern similar to what we previously reported, cardiac lymph collected before a 1-hour ligation of the left circumflex coronary artery had little ability to alter the morphology of canine neutrophils (shape change index, 11.3 +/- 4.6, mean +/- SEM; n = 7), but by 1 hour of reperfusion, lymph activated neutrophils significantly in five of seven dogs (mean shape change index, 72.6 +/- 17.7; p &lt; 0.01). At 2 hours of reperfusion, neutrophil activation by lymph occurred in six of seven dogs (mean shape change index, 103.1 +/- 22.2). At 3 hours of reperfusion, cardiac lymph of only three of six dogs caused neutrophil activation, and at 4 hours of reperfusion, this activity was evident in lymph from only two of five dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Persistent Pupillary Strands and Membranes
Authors: Gil Zvi Shlamovitz, Patricia Caton Reardon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 21-year-old woman presented for a routine eye examination. Her visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye, and her pupils were reactive. The slit-lamp examination showed persistent pupillary strands and membranes in both eyes (right eye, Panel A; and dilated left eye, Panel B); otherwise, the examination was normal. The presence of persistent pupillary strands and membranes is a congenital condition involving remnant fetal membranes that persist as strands of tissue across the pupil. The tunica vasculosa lentis encases and nourishes the fetal lens. Its anterior portion forms the pupillary membrane, which typically . . .
330. Effect of Different Inducible Minimal Promoters in the RheoSwitch® Therapeutic System That Give Robust and Long-Term In Vivo Gene Expression
Authors: Jessica L. Seitzer, Anand Katakam, Marti A. DiPietro, Prasanna Kumar, David W. Potter
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The RheoSwitch® Therapeutic System (RTS) is used to regulate gene expression in a ligand-dependent manner, and may have utility in human gene therapies that require the specific regulation of the level of gene expression, or where it is desirable to terminate therapy either when it is no longer required, or where continuation of the therapy would be unsafe. One version of the RTS is comprised of an ecdysone receptor (EcR) fused to a GAL4 DNA binding domain, a chimeric retinoid X receptor fused to a VP16 activation domain (pVP16-Hs-LmRXR), a reporter gene, such as human secreted alkaline phosphatase (hSEAP) placed under the control of a 6xGAL4 response element, and an inducible minimal promoter (p6xGAL4RE- Inducible Promoter- hSEAP).
An integrated approach to the extraction, storage, processing and analysis of microarray gene expression data
Authors: Andreas D. Baxevanis, Izabela Makalowska, Kenneth Trout, Qien Zhou, Zheng-Zheng Zhou, Jaime Stein, Edward R. Dougherty, Paul S. Meltzer, Yidong Chen, Michael L. Bittner, Jeffrey M. Trent
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin for suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.
Authors: P J Pasricha, E P Miskovsky, A N Kalloo
Journal: Gut (1994)

Botulinum toxin is a potent inhibitor of the release of acetylcholine from nerve endings. It has previously been shown that it can effectively reduce lower oesophageal sphincter pressures both in animals and humans with achalasia. This study examined the hypothesis that locally injected botulinum toxin could also reduce sphincter of Oddi pressure in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Two patients with postcholecystectomy pain syndrome were diagnosed with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (by biliary manometry in one patient and by hepatobiliary scanning criteria in the other). Botulinum toxin was injected into the sphincter of Oddi, by a sclerotherapy needle passed through a duodenoscope. In the first patient, intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin reduced sphincter pressure by about 50%, an effect that was sustained for at least four months. In the second patient, intrasphincteric injection caused about a 50% improvement in bile flow, with normalisation of scintigraphy. Neither patient showed any sustained improvement in pain despite these objective findings. Both patients eventually had endoscopic sphincterotomy, which also did not result in symptomatic improvement in either patient. No side effects were seen. Intrasphincteric botulinum toxin is a simple and effective means of lowering sphincter of Oddi pressure. This technique has potential for being useful clinically.
Therapy of Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders
Authors: ROBERT D. LINDEMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

The accurate clinical assessment of the individual patient's condition is the first, and often the most difficult, step in successful management of most electrolyte or acid-base disturbances. A number of electrolyte solutions are available to replace deficits of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Removal of excess electrolyte generally requires a different therapeutic approach employing such measures as use of physiologic antagonists, agents that decrease intestinal or renal tubular absorption, resin exchangers, chelating agents, and dialysis.
Long‐term pattern of brain natriuretic peptide and N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide and its determinants in the general population: contribution of age, gender, and cardiac and extra‐cardiac factors
Authors: Andreas Luchner, Gundula Behrens, Jan Stritzke, Marcello Markus, Klaus Stark, Annette Peters, Christa Meisinger, Michael Leitzmann, Hans‐Werner Hense, Heribert Schunkert, Iris M. Heid
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Concept of Alexithymia
Authors: Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

The stability of alexithymia in acute and nonacute disease was studied in 69 patients with 'psychosomatic' digestive disease and in 47 control patients. Methods used were the Beth Israel Hospital Questionnaire, Lazare's Personality Test, and the Rorschach Test. Subjects were interviewed to assess their somatic well-being and the psychological meaning of the illness. Three different alexithymia groups were found. The first consisted of the nonalexithymic patients who scored low in both testings and who seemed to be 'average persons' in the light of personality tests. The second comprised the patients who developed alexithymia as a reaction to illness. They had good cognitive control but a tendency to hypochondriac worry. The last consisted of patients whose alexithymia decreased during an acute disease. They were egocentric and rigid personalities who enjoyed being ill because they then felt that they were loved and noticed. This division was found to be independent of the patients' medical diagnosis.
CRM1 inhibition induces tumor cell cytotoxicity and impairs osteoclastogenesis in multiple myeloma: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Authors: Y-T Tai, Y Landesman, C Acharya, Y Calle, M Y Zhong, M Cea, D Tannenbaum, A Cagnetta, M Reagan, A A Munshi, W Senapedis, J-R Saint-Martin, T Kashyap, S Shacham, M Kauffman, Y Gu, L Wu, I Ghobrial, F Zhan, A L Kung, S A Schey, P Richardson, N C Munshi, K C Anderson
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Elevated BMI at Age 3 Years Predicts Wheeze at Age 5, Independent of Wheeze Earlier in Life
Authors: M.S. Perzanowski, I.F. Goldstein, R.G. Barr, B. Sheares, G.L. Chew, R.S. Garfinkel, C.P. Pulgarin, R.M. Whyatt, F.P. Perera, R.L. Miller
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Primary Care Medicine in Crisis: Toward Reconstruction and Renewal
Authors: Gordon Moore, Jonathan Showstack
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Primary care is in crisis. Despite its proud history and theoretical advantages, the field has failed to hold its own among medical specialties. While the rest of medicine promises technology and sophistication, the basic model of primary care has changed little over the past half-century. Why has the transition from general practice to today's primary care been so difficult? Many of the causes of this struggle may lie within primary care itself, ranging from failure to articulate to the public (and insurers and policymakers) what value it, and it alone, can offer, to taking on an ever-broadening set of roles and responsibilities while all too often falling short of its promises. Perhaps most important, in the emerging health care system, the lack of a discrete definition of primary care has allowed managed care organizations and payers, among others, to define the role of primary care to suit their own interests. In response to a changing marketplace, political uncertainty, and shifting consumer expectations, primary care will need to reconstruct itself. The reconstruction will not be easy. Nevertheless, a process should begin that moves the field in the right direction. Building on its unique abilities, primary care can emerge as a redefined product that is attractive to patients, payers, and primary care practitioners alike.
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Childhood and Household Fuel Use in Bhaktapur, Nepal
Authors: Michael N. Bates, Ram K. Chandyo, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Amod K. Pokhrel, Maria Mathisen, Sudha Basnet, Prakash S. Shrestha, Tor A. Strand, Kirk R. Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Globally, solid fuels are used by about 3 billion people for cooking. These fuels have been associated with many health effects, including acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children. Nepal has a high prevalence of use of biomass for cooking and heating.This case-control study was conducted among a population in the Bhaktapur municipality, Nepal, to investigate the relationship of cookfuel type to ALRI in young children.Cases with ALRI and age-matched controls were enrolled from an open cohort of children 2-35 months old, under active monthly surveillance for ALRI. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on family characteristics, including household cooking and heating appliances and fuels. The main analysis was carried out using conditional logistic regression. Population-attributable fractions (PAF) for stove types were calculated.A total of 917 children (452 cases and 465 controls) were recruited into the study. Relative to use of electricity for cooking, ALRI was increased in association with any use of biomass stoves [odds ratio (OR) = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.98], kerosene stoves (OR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.83), and gas stoves (OR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.50). Use of wood, kerosene, or coal heating was also associated with ALRI (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 0.97, 2.14), compared with no heating or electricity or gas heating. PAFs for ALRI were 18.0% (95% CI: 8.1, 26.9%) and 18.7% (95% CI: 8.4%-27.8%), for biomass and kerosene stoves, respectively.The study supports previous reports indicating that use of biomass as a household fuel is a risk factor for ALRI, and provides new evidence that use of kerosene for cooking may also be a risk factor for ALRI in young children.
Genetically Defined Therapy of Inherited Long-QT Syndrome
Authors: Steve J. Compton, Robert L. Lux, Matthew R. Ramsey, Katie R. Strelich, Michael C. Sanguinetti, Larry S. Green, Mark T. Keating, Jay W. Mason
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Many members of families with inherited long-QT (LQT) syndrome have mutations in HERG , a gene encoding a cardiac potassium channel that is modulated by extracellular potassium. We hypothesized that an increase in serum potassium would normalize repolarization in these patients. Methods and Results We studied seven subjects with chromosome 7–linked LQT syndrome and five normal control subjects. Repolarization was measured by ECG and body surface potential mapping during sinus rhythm, exercise, and atrial pacing, before and after serum potassium increase. Potassium administration improved repolarization in the LQT syndrome. At baseline, LQT subjects differed from control subjects: resting corrected QT interval (QT c , 627±90 versus 425±25 ms, P =.0007), QT c dispersion (133±62 versus 36±9 ms, P =.009), QT/RR slope (0.35±0.08 versus 0.24±0.07, P =.04), and global root-mean-square QT interval (RMS-QT c ; 525±68 versus 393±22, P =.002). All LQT subjects had biphasic or notched T waves. After administration of potassium, the LQT group had a 24% reduction in resting QT c interval (from 617±92 to 469±23 ms, P =.004) compared with a 4% reduction among control subjects (from 425±25 to 410±45 ms, P &gt;.05). The reduction was significantly greater in LQT subjects ( P =.018). QT dispersion became normal in LQT subjects and did not change in control subjects. The slope of the relation between QT interval and cycle length (QT/RR slope) decreased toward normal. T-wave morphology improved in six of seven LQT subjects. The LQT group had a greater reduction in RMS-QT c than control subjects ( P =.04). Conclusions An increase in serum potassium corrects abnormalities of repolarization duration, T-wave morphology, QT/RR slope, and QT dispersion in patients with chromosome 7–linked LQT.
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for vasculitis including Behcet's disease and polychondritis: a retrospective analysis of patients recorded in the European Bone Marrow Transplantation and European League Against Rheumatism databases and a review of the literature
Authors: T. Daikeler, I. Kotter, C. Bocelli Tyndall, J. Apperley, A. Attarbaschi, P. Guardiola, A. Gratwohl, E. Jantunen, A. Marmont, F. Porretto, M. Musso, B. Maurer, N. Rinaldi, R. Saccardi, A. Tyndall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

To evaluate the feasibility of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in vasculitis.This is a retrospective analysis of patients who had received HSCT for vasculitic diseases and have been reported to the European League Against Rheumatism autoimmune disease or European Bone Marrow Transplantation ProMISe databases. Information about the disease and outcome was obtained by a questionnaire sent to the referring centres. Response of the disease to HSCT was defined as partial or complete responses according to the ability to reduce immunosuppression after HSCT. In addition, the Medline database was searched for reports on HSCT in patients with vasculitis.Detailed information was obtained for 15 patients, whose median age at HSCT was 37 years. The diagnoses were cryoglobulinaemia in four patients, Behçet's disease in three patients, Wegener's granulomatosis in three patients, and undifferentiated vasculitis, Churg-Strauss angiitis, polychondritis, Takayasu arteritis and polyarteritis nodosa in one patient each. 14 patients received autologous HSCT and 1 an allogeneic HSCT as the first transplant. In three patients, further transplantation was given because of relapse. The overall response, including all consecutive transplantations (HSCT/patient, n = 1-3, median 1.3) to HSCT, was 93%, with 46% complete responses and 46% partial responses; median (range) duration of response at the time of reporting was 45 (16-84) months. Three patients died, one from advanced disease, one from cancer and one from graft-versus-host disease. The Medline search showed five other patients who were effectively treated with HSCT for vasculitic diseases.This retrospective study suggests that autologous HSCT is feasible for vasculitis. Its value remains to be tested in prospective controlled studies.
Potential Risk of Prolonged Gamma-linolenic Acid Use
Authors: Robert B. Zurier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 April 1994Potential Risk of Prolonged Gamma-linolenic Acid UseRobert B. Zurier, MDRobert B. Zurier, MDUniversity of Massachusetts Medical Center; Worcester, MA 01655Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-8-199404150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Phinney's remarks are well taken. Administration of γ-linolenic acid might be expected to increase arachidonate levels by increasing conversion of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid to arachidonate. Also, prostaglandin E1 reduces phospholipase A2 activity; thus, mobilization of arachidonate from phospholipid might be reduced. It is also possible that γ- linolenic acid administration results in the movement of arachidonate from phospholipids, which normally provide arachidonate for prostablandin production. We have not observed increased concentrations of total or phospholipid arachidonate in plasma or in peripheral blood leukocytes after administration of γ-linolenic acid but we have not analyzed fatty acids in cells from ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Massachusetts Medical Center; Worcester, MA 01655 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 8Page: 692KeywordsAttentionBlood cellsBlood plasmaCell metabolismCellsFatty acidsPhospholipasesPhospholipidsProstaglandin Issue Published: 15 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
STUDIES ON THE OXIDATION-REDUCTION OF HEMOGLOBIN AND METHEMOGLOBIN
Authors: James M. Neill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

The Pneumococcus is capable of oxidizing hemoglobin to methemoglobin and of reducing the latter to hemoglobin again. Both the living organism and sterile extracts will accomplish the changes; and like systems seem to be involved in them. The type of reaction induced is determined by the presence or absence of molecular oxygen. The oxidation and reduction of the blood pigments are reversible processes. The equilibrium between hemoglobin and methemoglobin in a mixture of blood and pneumococcus cellular substances may be shifted in either direction at will by regulation of the oxygen tension. In the present paper quantitative evidence is presented of the reduction of methemoglobin to hemoglobin by sterile animal tissues. The possible relations of this activity to the disappearance of methemoglobin from the blood stream of the living animal are discussed.