tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chloroquine Prevents Progression of Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension via Inhibition of Autophagy and Lysosomal Bone Morphogenetic Protein Type II Receptor Degradation
Authors: Lu Long, Xudong Yang, Mark Southwood, Junyu Lu, Stefan J. Marciniak, Benjamin J. Dunmore, Nicholas W. Morrell
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Rationale: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by excessive proliferation and apoptosis resistance in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Objective: We reasoned that chloroquine, based on its ability to inhibit autophagy and block lysosomal degradation of the bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR-II), might exert beneficial effects in this disease. Methods and Results: PAH was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by administering monocrotaline. The induction of PAH was associated with changes in lung expression of LC3B-II, ATG5, and p62, consistent with increased autophagy, and decreased BMPR-II protein expression. Administration of chloroquine prevented the development of PAH, right ventricular hypertrophy, and vascular remodelling after monocrotaline, and prevented progression of established PAH in this model. Similar results were obtained with hydroxychloroquine. Chloroquine treatment increased whole lung and PASMC p62 protein levels consistent with inhibition of autophagy, and increased levels of BMPR-II protein. Chloroquine inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis of PASMCs in vivo. In cultured rat PASMCs we confirmed that chloroquine both inhibited autophagy pathways and increased expression of BMPR-II protein via lysosomal inhibition. Consistent with the in vivo findings, chloroquine inhibited the proliferation and stimulated apoptosis of rat PASMCs in vitro, with no effect on endothelial cell proliferation or survival. Moreover, direct inhibition of autophagy pathways by ATG5 small interfering RNA knockdown inhibited proliferation of rat PASMCs. Conclusions: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine exert beneficial effects in experimental PAH. The mechanism of action includes inhibition of autophagy pathways and inhibition of lysosomal degradation of BMPR-II.
Relation Between Serum Cholesterol and Hematocrit
Authors: Mahendr S. Kochar
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In 1962, Burch and DePasquale studied the relationship between hematocrit and myocardial infarction and reported that the mean hematocrit in 100 patients with acute myocardial infarction was significantly higher than that in 100 control subjects.<sup>1</sup>In 1967, Rifkind and Gale observed that hypolipidemia is a common finding in patients with chronic anemia and commented that in underdeveloped countries where anemia is common, there is also a low incidence of ischemic heart disease.<sup>2</sup>In 1972, Bottiger and Carlson in a study of 2458 healthy nonanemic subjects detected a positive correlation between hemoglobin levels and serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.<sup>3</sup> Due to the recent interest in serum cholesterol levels, we studied the relationship between pretreatment serum cholesterol and hematocrit levels in 200 male patients from our hypertension clinic. As shown in the Figure, we found a weak (<i>r</i>= 0.3) but significant (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) correlation between serum
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Males
Authors: Mark A. Goldstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for use in females 9 to 26 years old. The vaccine helps prevent cervical cancer, precancerous genital lesions, and genital warts. Trials of the vaccine in males are currently under way. If these trials demonstrate protection against HPV for males and if the FDA licenses the vaccine, should we promote its use in males? HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted illness in young people — those who are 15 to 24 years old. It is estimated that in 2000 there were . . .
Manual versus speech motor control and the evolution of language
Authors: Philip Lieberman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Inferences made from endocasts of fossil skulls cannot provide information on the function of particular neocortical areas or the subcortical pathways to prefrontal cortex that form part of the neural substrate for speech, syntax, and certain aspects of cognition. The neural bases of syntax cannot be disassociated from “communication.” Manual motor control was probably a preadaptive factor in the evolution of humansyntactic ability, but neurophysiological data on living humans show that speech motor control and syntax are more closely linked. The evolution of fully modern speech occurred fairly recently; though Homo habilis may have had some degree of speech and syntactic ability, it was not fully modern. Stone tools are uncertain indices of language or cognition.
Influence of Relative Humidity and Repeated Exercise on Exercise‐Induced Bronchoconstriction
Authors: J. M. Henriksen, R. Dahl, G. R. Lundqvist
Journal: Allergy (1981)

The relationship between previous exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) of different magnitude and the pulmonary response to exercise 1 h later was examined in asthmatic children. After acclimatization they performed repeated, paired exercise tests in a clean‐air climatic chamber at 23°C. The first test of each pair was carried out in 15%, 50% and 85% relative humidity (RH), respectively, to produce different degrees of EIB. All second tests were performed in 50% RH. Changes in pulmonary function were assessed by measuring PEF and FEV 1 . Bronchodilatation during exercise was not influenced by RH, whereas dry air increased and humid air decreased the bronchoconstrictive response to exercise. When both tests were performed in 50% RH, the second test caused significantly less EIB than did the first test. However, no differences were found between the three second test responses. This suggests that the relative refractoriness after an episode of EIB is not related to the severity of previous bronchoconstriction, but could be associated with exercise as such or other mechanisms in EIB.
TCT-629 Long-term clinical outcomes after real world use of fractional flow reserve
Authors: Sang Hyun Park, Bon-Kwon Koo, Joon-Hyung Doh, Chang-Wook Nam, Ju-Hee Lee, Jung-Kyu Han, Kyung Woo Park, JiYeon Han, Hyoung-Mo Yang, Hong-Seok Lim, Myeong- Ho Yoon, Seung-Ho Hur, Sung Yun Lee, Hyo-Soo Kim, Seung-Jea Tahk, Young-Bae Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Endoscopic Hemostasis of Esophageal and Gastric Variceal Bleeding with Histoacryl
Authors: C. Feretis, D. Tabakopoulos, P. Benakis, M. Xenofontos, B. Golematis
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

Endoscopic injection of the tissue adhesive n-butyl-2-cyano-acrylate (Histoacryl) has been tried for esophageal or fundic variceal bleeding in 23 patients. Definitive hemostasis was achieved in 22 with a single injection of Histoacryl. Throughout the entire hospitalization period, which was completed with at least two weekly sessions of conventional sclerotherapy, only one recurrent bleeding was recorded. Four patients died of hepatic decompensation. It is suggested that Cyanoacrylate could overcome some of the shortcomings of conventional sclerotherapy such as early recurrent hemorrhage and bleeding from fundic varices.
THE STERILIZATION OF MILK AND THE STATUS OF OUR KNOWLEDGE UPON THIS SUBJECT.Read in the Section of Diseases of Children at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: HENRY KOPLIK
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In presenting this subject, I feel that I am going over ground well elaborated before me, yet even in the face of this, it is somewhat surprising to find the lack of systematic idea entertained by physicians upon the subject of milk or its sterilization. This most important innovation upon infant feeding has, even in our journals, been granted faint praise in occasional paragraphs. Though the work done thus far in this field has been most painstaking and scientific, it has not fully reached those for whose benefit these investigations are mostly undertaken,—the medical public. There are scattered through the French and German literature some very classical articles upon this subject, but no English writer has of late attempted to systematize and classify the ideas presented. If this article will deal with some scientific and abstruse data, it will endeavor to bring these in direct relation with our daily practice
Imitation systems, monkey vocalization, and the human language
Authors: Emmanuel Gilissen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

In offering a detailed view of putative steps towards the emergence of language from a cognitive standpoint, Michael Arbib is also introducing an evolutionary framework that can be used as a useful tool to confront other viewpoints on language evolution, including hypotheses that emphasize possible alternatives to suggestions that language could not have emerged from an earlier primate vocal communication system.
Preservation of regional myocardial function and myocardial oxygen tension during acute ischemia in pigs: Comparison of selective synchronized suction and retroinfusion of coronary veins to synchronized coronary venous retroperfusion
Authors: Peter Boekstegers, Wolfgang Peter, Georges von Degenfeld, Christoph A. Nienaber, Michael Abend, Tim C. Rehders, Helmut Habazettl, Thomas Kapsner, Michael von Lüdinghausen, Karl Werdan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Mouse A6–positive hepatic oval cells also express several hematopoietic stem cell markers
Authors: Bryon E. Petersen, Brian Grossbard, Heather Hatch, Liya Pi, Jie Deng, Edward W. Scott
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hepatic oval cells (HOC) are thought to be a type of facultative stem cell that arises as a result of certain forms of hepatic injury. A new and more efficient model has been established to activate the oval cell compartment in mice by incorporating 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-collidine (DDC) in a standard chow at a concentration of 0.1%. At the present time, very few markers exist for the mouse oval cells. One accepted marker is A6, an uncharacterized epitope recognized by mouse hepatic oval cells and it is accepted to be an oval cell marker. Sca-1 is a cell surface marker used to identify hematopoietic stem cells in conjunction with Thy-1+, CD34+, and lineage-specific markers. Both the CD34 and Sca-1 antigens are not normally expressed in adult liver, but are expressed in fetal liver, presumably on the hematopoietic cells. We report herein that mouse oval cells express high levels of Sca-1 and CD34, as well as CD45 surface proteins. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the cells expressing Sca-1/CD34/CD45 were indeed oval cells because they co-expressed the oval cell-specific marker A6 (94.57% +/- 0.033%), as well as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (75.92% +/- 0.071%). By using Sca-1 antibody in conjunction with magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS), followed with a flow cytometric cell sorting (FACS) method for CD34 and CD45, we have developed a rapid oval cell isolation protocol with high yields of greater than 90%. In conclusion, we have an efficient murine model for the production and isolation of large numbers of highly purified oval cells. Our system works with most strains of mouse, which will facilitate both in vivo and in vitro studies of mouse hepatic oval cells.
Psychiatric Consultation Education—1966
Authors: WERNER M. MENDEL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

Increasing demands upon the available manpower in the field of psychiatry have fostered changes in the role of the psychiatric specialist. He is called upon more and more frequently to provide consultation and supervision of direct treatment by other professionals. To investigate the type and extent of preparation for such services now available, a questionnaire survey was conducted of 202 psychiatric training centers. Although 75 percent of these centers do offer some training in consultation techniques, most of it is conducted informally. There is a demonstrated need for greater emphasis on training in consultation procedures among psychiatrists.
Colleagues in Austria
Authors: W. R. Brain, None Horder, W. M. Eccles, A. Moncrieff, A. Ellis, J. P. Monkhouse, R. W. B. Ellis, E. P. Poulton, D. Forsyth, H. E. Roaf, R. D. Gillespie, J. A. Ryle, D. Hunter, A. Stephen, A. Hurst, C. P. Wilson, R. Hutchison, W. H. Wynn
Journal: BMJ (1938)
Migraine: Many Things to Many Patients
Authors: Tim Kirn
Journal: JAMA (1987)

KENNETH PETERS, MD, tells his patients that migraine is like a reservoir. When water spills over the dam, you get a headache. Peters, who is medical director of the Northern California Headache Clinic, Mountain View, compares the "contributing factors" that can trigger a headache, such as alcohol, food items or stress, with tributary rivers and streams above the reservoir. For some people, he says, stress is "a major river" that is very likely to cause a migraine; while chocolate, for example, is only "a minor stream," and therefore unlikely to have much effect on their headaches. For others, stress is only a relatively innocuous, bubbling brook while alcohol is equivalent to a flash flood. The task for physician and patient is to find out which are the rivers and which are the streams, Peter says. In a separate conversation, Donald Dalessio, MD, chair of the Department of Medicine at the
Features and Outcomes of Classic Heat Stroke
Authors: Barney S. Graham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters6 April 1999Features and Outcomes of Classic Heat StrokeBarney S. Graham, MD, PhDBarney S. Graham, MD, PhDVanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232-2582 (Graham)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest Dematte and colleagues' article on nonexertional heat stroke (1). As noted, this condition causes significant morbidity and mortality unless rapidly recognized and treated. The characteristics of susceptible persons and the environmental conditions associated with nonexertional heat stroke are well documented (2). As pointed out by the authors, this documentation makes public health interventions feasible. In this letter I address methods of treatment based on the physical properties of heat transfer.The authors suggest that immersion in cold water and use of a body cooling unit were the only acceptable methods of cooling. Although ...References1. Dematte JE, O'Mara K, Buescher J, Whitney CG, Forsythe S, McNamee T, et al . Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:173-81. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kilbourne EM, Choi K, Jones TS, Thacker SB. Risk factors for heatstroke: a case–control study. JAMA. 1982;247:3332-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Wyndham CH, Stryden NB, Cooke HM, Maritz JS, Morrison JF, Fleming PW, et al . Methods of cooling subjects with hyperpyrexia. J Appl Physiol. 1959;14:771-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Graham BS, Lichtenstein MJ, Hinson JM, Theil GB. Nonexertional heatstroke: physiologic management and cooling in 14 patients. Arch Intern Med. 1986;146:87-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232-2582 (Graham) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoNear-Fatal Heat Stroke during the 1995 Heat Wave in Chicago Jane E. Dematte , Karen O'Mara , Jennifer Buescher , Cynthia G. Whitney , Sean Forsythe , Turi McNamee , Raghavendra B. Adiga , and I. Maurice Ndukwu Metrics Cited byAcute liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy in exertional heat strokeHistorical Perspectives on Medical Care for Heat Stroke, Part 2: 1850 Through the PresentClinical Management of Heat-Related IllnessesDehydration, Rehydration, and HyperhydrationHeat stroke: implications for critical care and anaesthesiaCooling Methods for Heatstroke VictimsStephen L. Gaffin, PhD, John W. Gardner, MD, DrPH, and Scott D. Flinn, MD 6 April 1999Volume 130, Issue 7Page: 613-614KeywordsMorbidityMortalityPrevention, policy, and public healthResuscitationStrokeTemperatureVasoconstriction ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 April 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage of infected pancreatic fluid collections with placement of covered self-expanding metal stents: a case series
Authors: C. Fabbri, C. Luigiano, V. Cennamo, A. Polifemo, L. Barresi, E. Jovine, M. Traina, N. D'Imperio, I. Tarantino
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage (EUS-GTD) has become the standard procedure for treating symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections. The aim of this series was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of covered self-expanding metal stent (CSEMS) placement for treating infected pancreatic fluid collections. From January 2007 to May 2010, 22 patients (18 M/4F; mean age 56.9) with infected pancreatic fluid collections (mean size, 13.2 cm) at two Italian centers were evaluated for EUS-GTD. In 20 of the 22 patients, EUS-GTD with CSEMS placement was indicated. Early complications occurred in two patients: one patient developed a superinfection, which was managed conservatively, and one experienced stent migration and superinfection, and was managed surgically. The CSEMSs were removed without difficulty in 18 patients after a median of 26 days, while stent removal failed in one patient due to inflammatory tissue ingrowth; instead it was removed during surgery performed for renal cancer. Clinical success was achieved without additional intervention in 17 patients during a mean follow-up of 610 days; only one symptomatic recurrence was observed. In our experience, EUS-GTD with CSEMS placement appears safe for the treatment of infected pancreatic fluid collections.
Report warns social care in England faces 1bn funding gap by 2015
Authors: None Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Social care services provided by local authorities in England are facing a funding gap of more than £1bn (€1.15bn; $1.6bn) by 2015, based on current funding and estimates of need, says a report that warns of major repercussions for the NHS.

The report, developed by the health policy think tank the King’s Fund, argues that cuts to frontline social care services will mean fewer people receive the support they need, resulting in more emergency hospital admissions, delayed discharges, and longer waiting times for hospital appointments. It suggests that the solution is a single national settlement for health and social care, and …
Why study T cell subsets in Crohn's disease?
Authors: A Ferguson
Journal: Gut (1983)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Microbial communities are known to influence mosquito lifestyles by modifying essential metabolic and behavioral processes that affect reproduction, development, immunity, digestion, egg survival, and ability to transmit pathogens. Many studies have used 16S rRNA gene amplicons to characterize mosquito microbiota and investigate factors that influence host-microbiota dynamics. However, a relatively low taxonomic resolution due to clustering methods based on arbitrary threshold and the overall dominance of <i>Wolbachia or Asaia</i> populations obscured the investigation of rare members of mosquito microbiota in previous studies. Here, we used high resolution Shannon entropy-based oligotyping approaches to analyze the microbiota of <i>Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus</i> and <i>Aedes</i> individuals from continental and overseas regions in Southern France and Guadeloupe as well as from laboratories with or without antibiotics treatment. Our experimental design that resulted in a series of mosquito samples with a gradient of <i>Wolbachia</i> density and relative abundance along with high-resolution analyses of amplicon sequences enabled the recovery of a robust signal from typically less accessible bacterial taxa. Our data confirm species-specific mosquito-bacteria associations with geography as a primary factor that influences bacterial community structure. But interestingly, they also reveal co-occurring symbiotic bacterial variants within single individuals for both <i>Elizabethkingia</i> and <i>Erwinia</i> genera, distinct and specific <i>Asaia</i> and <i>Chryseobacterium</i> in continental and overseas territories and a putative rare <i>Wolbachia</i> variant. Overall, our study reveals the presence of previously-overlooked microdiversity and multiple closely related symbiotic strains within mosquito individuals with a remarkable habitat-specificity.
NONCURLING SOLUTION FOR ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PRINTS
Authors: Frederick W. Keyes
Journal: JAMA (1927)

With bromide papers coming into general use in electrocardiography, one of the troublesome problems now confronting the operator of these instruments is the cracking and curling of the finished print. I believe it is well known among commercial photographers that the use of glycerin will prevent breaking or curling of prints, but this does not seem to be so well known among those operating the electrocardiograph. Therefore it seems worth while to present the method which I have found satisfactory. After the prints have been thoroughly washed, they should be squeegeed to remove the excess water, which would otherwise dilute the glycerin solution to be used below the point of efficiency. The print should then be immersed in a solution of distilled water, 80 per cent, and glycerin, 20 per cent. While the prints are in the glycerin bath, care should be taken that they do not stick together, and that
ASSOCIATION OF HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PITAVASTATIN TREATMENT WITH RISK OF CARDIO-CEREBROVASCULAR EVENTS IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA: ANALYSIS FROM THE LIVES EXTENSION
Authors: Mitsuyoshi Urashima, Hitoshi Shimano, Koutaro Yokote, Yasushi Saito, Tamio Teramoto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)