tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abrogation of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice and protection against effector lymphocytes by transgenic paracrine TGF-beta1.
Authors: M Moritani, K Yoshimoto, S F Wong, C Tanaka, T Yamaoka, T Sano, Y Komagata, J Miyazaki, H Kikutani, M Itakura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Paracrine effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) on autoimmune insulitis and diabetes was studied by transgenic production of the active form of porcine TGF-beta1 (pTGF-beta1) in pancreatic islet (islet) alpha cells in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice under the control of rat glucagon promoter (RGP) (NOD-RGP-TGF-beta1). None of 27 NOD-RGP-TGF- beta1 mice developed diabetes by 45 wk of age, in contrast to 40 and 71% in male and female nontransgenic mice, respectively. None of the NOD-RGP-TGF-beta1 mice developed diabetes after cyclophosphamide (CY) administration. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes of NOD-RGP-TGF-beta1 mice to neonatal NOD mice did not transfer diabetes after CY administration. Adoptive transfer of three types of diabetogenic lymphocytes to NOD-RGP-TGF-beta1 and nontransgenic mice after CY administration led to the lower incidence of diabetes in NOD-RGP-TGF-beta1 mice versus that in nontransgenic mice: 29 vs. 77% for diabetogenic splenocytes, 25 vs. 75% for islet beta cell-specific Th1 clone cells, and 0 vs. 50% for islet beta cell-specific CD8(+) clone cells, respectively. Based on these, it is concluded that autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice is not a systemic disease and it can be completely prevented by the paracrine TGF-beta1 in the islet compartment through protection against CD4(+) and CD8(+) effector lymphocytes.
New MRSA strain is not at epidemic level, expert says
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Despite two recent hospital outbreaks of bacteria that produce the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) toxin, Britain is not facing an epidemic of dangerous strains of Staphylococcus aureus , says the Health Protection Agency's expert on methicillin resistant S aureus (MRSA). 

Angela Kearns said that although incidence “waxes and wanes” over time, recent cases in England implicate at least three different strains. “While we are seeing an overarching PVL related pattern of disease here, we're definitely not seeing an epidemic of a single strain.” 

The latest outbreak, reported three days before Christmas, involved a neonatal unit at Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital. Six premature babies were affected by methicillin sensitive, PVL positive S aureus …
In the US things are getting nasty over NICE
Authors: C. McGreal
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Molecular profiling has become essential for tumor risk stratification and treatment selection. However, cancer genome complexity and technical artifacts make identification of real variants a challenge. Currently, clinical laboratories rely on manual screening, which is costly, subjective, and not scalable. Here we present a machine learning-based method to distinguish artifacts from <i>bona fide</i> Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) detected by NGS from tumor specimens. <h3>Methods</h3> A cohort of 11,278 SNVs identified through clinical sequencing of tumor specimens were collected and divided into training, validation, and test sets. Each SNV was manually inspected and labeled as either real or artifact as part of clinical laboratory workflow. A three-class (real, artifact and uncertain) model was developed on the training set, fine-tuned using the validation set, and then evaluated on the test set. Prediction intervals reflecting the certainty of the classifications were derived during the process to label “uncertain” variants. <h3>Results</h3> The optimized classifier demonstrated 100% specificity and 97% sensitivity over 5,587 SNVs of the test set. 1,252 out of 1,341 true positive variants were identified as real, 4,143 out of 4,246 false positive calls were deemed artifacts, while only 192(3.4%) SNVs were labeled as “uncertain” with zero misclassification between the true positives and artifacts in the test set. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We presented a computational classifier to identify variant artifacts detected from tumor sequencing. Overall, 96.6% of the SNVs received a definitive label and thus were exempt from manual review. This framework could improve quality and efficiency of variant review process in clinical labs.
Perversions of Medical Technology-Reply
Authors: Jane M. Orient
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> A few paragraphs are insufficient to list all the historical atrocities that involved chemical, biological, or radioactive agents. Some of the perpetrators have been brought to justice, as in the Nuremberg trials. Others, for example the Japanese scientists believed to have conducted biological warfare experiments on human subjects during the same era as the Third Reich,<sup>1</sup>have never faced charges. And who will ever prosecute the accessories to the crime— Germans who knew but kept silent, Britons and Americans who heard the reports but turned their backs on the victims? Technology of any type can be used for either good or evil. Historical surveys can serve as a warning to physicians about<i>potential</i>abuses of their research. More important, they should challenge us to respond to<i>actual</i>, contemporary abuses, despite the "political pressure that can be brought to bear on medical inquiry."<sup>2</sup> "When allegations of
Safety issues and new rapid detection methods in traditional Chinese medicinal materials
Authors: Lili Wang, Weijun Kong, Meihua Yang, Jianping Han, Shilin Chen
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

The safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a major strategic issue that involves human health. With the continuous improvement in disease prevention and treatment, the export of TCM and its related products has increased dramatically in China. However, the frequent safety issues of Chinese medicine have become the 'bottleneck' impeding the modernization of TCM. It was proved that mycotoxins seriously affect TCM safety; the pesticide residues of TCM are a key problem in TCM international trade; adulterants have also been detected, which is related to market circulation. These three factors have greatly affected TCM safety. In this study, fast, highly effective, economically-feasible and accurate detection methods concerning TCM safety issues were reviewed, especially on the authenticity, mycotoxins and pesticide residues of medicinal materials.
TCT-336 Higher Rates of Repeat Coronary Revascularizations in Young Women
Authors: Kelly C. Epps, Elizabeth M. Holper, Sarah K. Gualano, Helen Vlachos, Faith Selzer, J. Dawn Abbott, Alice Jacobs, Oscar C. Marroquin, Srihari S. Naidu, V.S. Srinivas, Peter Groeneveld, Robert Wilensky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Aprepitant for Erlotinib-Induced Pruritus
Authors: Bruno Vincenzi, Giuseppe Tonini, Daniele Santini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

changes in the major coronary arteries or aorta.Microthrombi were noted in the lumen of many small myocardial arteries (Fig. 1A), and there was evidence of an early evolving anterior myocardial infarction.The marrow was hypercellular with clustered hyperlobulated megakaryocytes (Fig. 1B).A peripheral-blood smear was positive for at least one mutated V617F JAK2 allele.Patients with essential thrombocythemia may present with signs of coronary ischemia. 4Recent diagnostic criteria for this disorder have lowered the platelet threshold from 600,000 to 450,000 per cubic millimeter. 5Our patient's fulminant presentation with coronary occlusion, myocardial infarction, and multiple myocardial microthrombi was almost certainly an initial presentation of occult essential thrombocythemia.Screening for the JAK2 mutation is likely to be of value in selected patients with otherwise unexplained coronary ischemic events and mild thrombocytosis and may be useful in patients with other undiagnosed arterial or venous thrombotic disorders.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Gastric Peptic Ulcer Penetrating into the Liver
Authors: F. J. Jiménez-Pérez, M. A. Muñoz-Navas
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

A 61-year-old man was admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy showed a large gastric peptic ulcer with a pseudotumoral mass protruding from the ulcer bed. Histological examination of biopsies taken from the mass revealed distorted hepatic tissue and inflammatory changes. Hepatic penetration was diagnosed as the cause of bleeding. Surgery findings confirmed the endoscopic diagnosis.
Sepsis Following Injection of Obstructed Pancreatic Ducts
Authors: P. Ayela, T. Ponchon, P. J. Valette, A. Chavaillon
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

Lorsque du produit de contraste est injecte dans un canal pancreatique obstrue, le risque de pancreatite purulente doit etre envisage
RIGHT VENTRICULAR STROKE WORK INDEX AS PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR FOR POST-PROCEDURAL MORBIDITY AND 1-YEAR MORTALITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Ryan K. Kaple, Muhammad A. Haider, Matthew S. Schoenfeld, Sumeet Pawar, Polydoros Kampaktsis, Sean Wilson, Luke Kim, Dmitriy Feldman, Rajesh Swaminathan, Geoffrey Bergman, Robert Minutello, Richard Devereux, Arash Salemi, Karl Krieger, Evelyn Horn, Harsimran Singh, Shing-Chiu Wong, Fay Lin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Body mass index, prognosis and mode of death in chronic heart failure: Results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial
Authors: Mariantonietta Cicoira, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Roberto Latini, Simona Barlera, Elisa Carretta, Andras Janosi, Jordi Soler Soler, Inder Anand, Jay N. Cohn
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Cardiotoxicity of Quinine As Adulterant in Drugs
Authors: Penn Lupovich
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Quinine is an alkaloid which depresses myocardial excitability. Originally popularized for treatment of certain cardiac arrhythmias by Wenkebach, it was later replaced by its D-isomer, quinidine. However, at the present time quinine is often used for adulterating heroin. In this regard, it is superior to the other common adulterant, lactose, for two reasons: (1) Quinine's bitter taste, by mimicking the bitter taste of heroin itself, makes it impossible for an addict to assay the degree of adulteration. (2) When injected intravenously, quinine causes a vasodilation which mimics certain vascular effects of heroin sufficiently to help confound the naive purchaser. Thus, many addicts are currently intravenously injecting themselves with relatively large amounts of quinine. We have seen two patients in which this practice appears to have caused a clinically apparent depression of myocardial excitability. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.—</h3> A 22-year-old Negro man was brought to Presbyterian-University
The Child with Mongolism
Authors: Jean Priest
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The second edition of Dr. Benda's book, as compared to the first edition, achieves a much clearer unity of subject matter as evidenced by the title change from<i>Mongolism and Cretinism to The Child with Mongolism</i>. The author's vast experience in the field of mongolism is very evident in the text. The newly added chapter on anomalies of the nervous system provides a wealth of pathologic data and excellent illustrations. Nevertheless, because the pathology of the nervous system as well as the pathology of the endocrine and other body systems is still controversial and highly variable from one study to another, the material in this book cannot be used as a single source of reference. As the author himself suggests, his data will "facilitate a better understanding" of the anomalies in mongolism rather than serve as a definitive or final answer. The transition from old to new edition is not
Comparison of prevalence of depression in mothers of twins and mothers of singletons.
Authors: K Thorpe, J Golding, I MacGillivray, R Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the apparent additional and exceptional stresses associated with bearing and parenting twins affect the emotional wellbeing of mothers. SETTING--Great Britain, 1970-5. DESIGN--Cohort study of 13,135 children born between 4 April and 11 April 1970. Mothers of all children, both singletons and twins, were interviewed by health visitors (providing demographic data) and completed a self report measure of emotional well-being (the Rutter malaise inventory) when the child was 5 years of age. The malaise scores of mothers of twins were compared with those of all mothers of singletons and then with those of mothers categorised by the age spacing of their children (only one child, widely spaced, or closely spaced), taking account of maternal age, social class, and whether the study child had a disability, by using logistic regression. SUBJECTS--139 mothers of twins--122 pairs of twins and 17 twins whose cotwin had died--and 12,573 controls, who were mothers of singletons. RESULTS--A significantly higher proportion of mothers of twins at 5 years had malaise scores indicative of depression than mothers of singletons at the same age. Mothers who had borne twins, one of whom had subsequently died, had the highest malaise scores and were three times more likely than mothers of singletons to experience depression. Both mothers of twin pairs and mothers of singletons closely spaced in age were at significantly higher risk of experiencing depression than mothers of children widely spaced in age or mothers of only one child (p less than 0.0001). Odds ratios indicated that the risk of depression in mothers of twins was higher than that in mothers of closely spaced singletons. CONCLUSION--Mothers of twins are more likely to experience depression. This suggests a relation between the additional and exceptional stresses that twins present and the mother9s emotional wellbeing.
A new role for IKK-α in hepatitis C virus-induced lipogenesis
Authors: Mark W. Douglas, Saeed Esmaili, Jacob George
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) interacts extensively with host factors to not only establish productive infection but also trigger unique pathological processes. Our recent genome-wide siRNA screen demonstrated that IκB kinase-α (IKK-α) is a crucial host factor for HCV. Here we describe a new nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-independent and kinase-mediated nuclear function of IKK-α in HCV assembly. HCV, through its 3′ untranslated region, interacts with DEAD box polypeptide 3, X-linked (DDX3X) to activate IKK-α, which translocates to the nucleus and induces a CBP/p300-mediated transcriptional program involving sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). This innate pathway induces lipogenic genes and enhances core-associated lipid droplet formation to facilitate viral assembly. Chemical inhibitors of IKK-α suppress HCV infection and IKK-α-induced lipogenesis, offering a proof-of-concept approach for new HCV therapeutic development. Our results show that HCV uses a novel mechanism to exploit intrinsic innate responses and hijack lipid metabolism, which may contribute to high chronicity rates and the pathological hallmark of steatosis in HCV infection.
Hand-Washing Patterns in Medical Intensive-Care Units
Authors: Richard K. Albert, Frances Condie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

ORGANISMS that cause nosocomial infections can be transmitted by the hands of physicians, nurses, technicians, and other hospital personnel.1 2 3 4 Hand washing is considered the single most important procedure in preventing nosocomial infections, and it has been recommended after contact with every patient by both the Centers for Disease Control and the Americal Hospital Association.5 , 6 The risk of acquiring organisms, transmitting them to others, or causing a nosocomial infection may vary with the susceptibility of the patient and the type of patient contact.7 However, because patients in intensive-care units are highly susceptible to nosocomial infections,7 , 8 it has been suggested that personnel . . .
Inosine triphosphatase genetic variants are protective against anemia during antiviral therapy for HCV2/3 but do not decrease dose reductions of RBV or increase SVR
Authors: Alexander J. Thompson, Rosanna Santoro, Valeria Piazzolla, Paul J. Clark, Susanna Naggie, Hans L. Tillmann, Keyur Patel, Andrew J. Muir, Kevin V. Shianna, Leonardo Mottola, Daniela Petruzzellis, Mario Romano, Fernando Sogari, Domenico Facciorusso, David B. Goldstein, John G. McHutchison, Alessandra Mangia
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Two functional variants in the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene causing inosine triphosphatase (ITPase) deficiency protect against ribavirin (RBV)-induced hemolytic anemia and the need for RBV dose reduction in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV). No data are available for genotype 2/3 HCV. We evaluated the association between the casual ITPA variants and on-treatment anemia in a well-characterized cohort of genotype 2/3 patients treated with variable-duration pegylated interferon alfa-2b (PEG-IFN-α2b) and RBV. Two hundred thirty-eight Caucasian patients were included in this retrospective study [185 (78%) with genotype 2 and 53 (22%) with genotype 3]. Patients were treated with PEG-IFN-α2b plus weight-based RBV (1000/1200 mg) for 12 (n = 109) or 24 weeks (n = 129). The ITPA polymorphisms rs1127354 and rs7270101 were genotyped, and an ITPase deficiency variable was defined that combined both ITPA variants according to their effect on ITPase activity. The primary endpoint was hemoglobin (Hb) reduction in week 4. We also considered Hb reduction over the course of therapy, the need for RBV dose modification, and the rate of sustained virological response (SVR). The ITPA variants were strongly and independently associated with protection from week 4 anemia (P = 10(-6) for rs1127354 and P = 10(-7) for rs7270101). Combining the variants into the ITPase deficiency variable increased the strength of association (P = 10(-11) ). ITPase deficiency protected against anemia throughout treatment. ITPase deficiency was associated with a delayed time to an Hb level < 10 g/dL (hazard ratio = 0.25, 95% confidence interval = 0.08-0.84, P = 0.025) but not with the rate of RBV dose modification (required per protocol at Hb < 9.5 g/dL). There was no association between the ITPA variants and SVR.Two ITPA variants were strongly associated with protection against treatment-related anemia in patients with genotype 2/3 HCV, but they did not decrease the need for RBV dose reduction or increase the rate of SVR.
Discontinuation of and changes in treatment after start of new courses of antihypertensive drugs: a study of a United Kingdom population
Authors: J K Jones, L Gorkin, J F Lian, J A Staffa, A P Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To evaluate the incidence of discontinuation of and changes in treatment after newly prescribed courses of antihypertensive drugs of the four primary therapeutic classes: ß blocker, calcium channel blocker, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. <b>Design</b>: A retrospective analysis of patients on an automated database of 1.2 million patients was conducted on visits between 1 October 1992 and 30 September 1993. <b>Setting</b>: General practices in the United Kingdom. <b>Subjects</b>: 37643 patients with hypertension receiving a relevant drug in the time period were identified. A new course of treatment in at least one of the four therapeutic classes, defined as a drug not prescribed in the previous four months, was observed in 10222 patients aged &gt;/=40 years. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Patients changing to other treatment or discontinuing after initiating a new course of treatment, defined as the absence of a refill prescription for the new drug or another in its category within a six month observation period. <b>Results</b>: Changes in or discontinuation of treatment were frequently observed, and by month six continuation rates ranged between 40% to 50% for all four classes of drugs. <b>Conclusion</b>: Low rates of continuation with a newly prescribed antihypertensive drug exist regardless of which drug is prescribed.
INTERNATIONAL PROSPECTIVE VALIDATION OF AN INTRACORONARY NEAR–INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY SIGNATURE OF CULPRIT LESIONS IN ACUTE STEMI
Authors: Ryan Madder, James Muller, Rishi Puri, Jan Harnek, Matthias Gotberg, Richard McNamara, David Wohns, Stacie Vanoosterhout, Kathy Wolski, Sean Madden, Stephen Nicholls, David Erlinge
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Psychodynamic Approach to Parapsychological Problems
Authors: Emilio Servadio
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1967)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 The Psychodynamic Approach to Parapsychological Problems Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Emilio Servadio Emilio Servadio Roma Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1967) 15 (2-4): 245–259. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285894 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Emilio Servadio; The Psychodynamic Approach to Parapsychological Problems. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1967; 15 (2-4): 245–259. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285894 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1967Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.