tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A7.3 Evaluation the effect of a home-exercise program based on disability caused by back pain in individuals with fibromyalgia
Authors: Cristina Mesquita, Sofia Lopes, Daniela Silva, Inês Neves, Filipa Araújo, Alice Vitorino, Patrícia Lopes, Maria Excelsa Moreira, Ana Carneiro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Fibromyalgia (FM) is a rheumatic disease and the cause remains unknown, it’s characterised by the presence of musculoskeletal widespread pain, and the lumbar region is one of the places frequently affected. Pain presented by FM patients is usually described as the forum muscular, and one of the most referred to is the back. These painful situations can be associated to the function of the lumbar support of the upper body weight, so this region being subjected to compressive loads and lumbopelvic instability situations, which are frequently associated with low back pain, so it is important to consciousness of posture neutral in the lumbar spine, strengthening and stretching the muscles responsible for the stability of this region. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of an exercise program performed at home in the level of disability caused by low back pain in patients with FM. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Randomised controlled study, with 18 volunteers randomly divided into 2 groups. An exercise program was applied in individuals with fibromyalgia diagnosis, for a 12 weeks period and 3 times per week. This includes stretching exercises, neck and lumbar-pelvic mobility, lumbar-pelvic stabilization and relaxation. The evaluation was conducted in two stages, and for that we used the Portuguese versions of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). <h3>Results</h3> In the experimental group there was an increase in the values ​​of the ODI score from baseline (28.67 ± 13.784) to the end (26.44 ± 9.632), indicating a decrease in disability caused by lower back pain, but these results did not show statistically significant differences (<i>p</i>&gt; 0.05). As regards the results of the FIQ, individuals in the intervention group improved their scores, as well as their functional capacity and health status, however the differences were not significant. <h3>Conclusions</h3> At the end of the 12 week intervention of a home-based program, there were no improvements in individuals with FM, however they have improved their health status and decreased their disability at lumbar.
Abstract 5643: CRLX301, a novel tumor-targeted taxane nanopharmaceutical
Authors: Douglas Lazarus, Sujan Kabir, Scott Eliasof
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Docetaxel is one of the most commonly prescribed anticancer agents. While efficacious, the therapeutic benefits of docetaxel are often compromised by immunosuppression and neurotoxicity, incurring a discontinuation rate of over 25%. Cerulean has developed a novel class of tumor-targeted nanopharmaceuticals designed to enhance both efficacy and tolerability. CRLX301, a self-assembling docetaxel nanopharmaceutical, possesses significantly enhanced efficacy and improved pharmacokinetics compared to the parent drug. IND-enabling toxicity studies for CRLX301 are currently underway. Compared to docetaxel, CRLX301 showed a superior PK profile, with a significantly longer half-life and a &amp;gt;20-fold higher drug concentration in tumor tissue 7 days after a single administration. The improved PK and biodistribution of CRLX301 docetaxel translated into superior antitumor activity in murine syngeneic and human xenograft models. In the murine B16.F10 tumor model, median survival at the MTD exceeded 100 days for CRLX301 compared to 38 days for the parent drug docetaxel. CRLX301 also demonstrated superior efficacy over docetaxel in tumor models representative of other cancer types as well, including cure rates between 50 and 83% in xenograft models representing triple-negative breast and squamous non-small cell lung cancer tumors, compared to no cures for docetaxel. Further, in the human prostate xenograft tumor model DU-145, CRLX 301 achieved a 100% cure rate compared to a relatively poor cure rate of 25% with docetaxel, 146 days after three weekly doses at the MTD. In summary, CRLX301 represents a new and potent anticancer therapeutic that has the potential to be a best-in-class taxane. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5643. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5643
BMA turns its back on performance related pay
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The BMA has turned its back on performance related pay and local pay bargaining. At its annual meeting last week the association unanimously opposed both concepts. To prolonged applause the consultants' leader, Mr John Chawner, declared, “They strike at the heart of the NHS and at the heart of the way we work as a profession.”

The chairman of the BMA's council, Dr Sandy Macara, said that he hoped that the health secretary, the chancellor of the exchequer, and the prime minister had heard the applause. “I know; you know; only the government fails to understand that if it persists …
The Laparoscopic Janeway Gastrostomy. An Alternative Technique When Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Is Impractical
Authors: R. Raakow, R. Hintze, S. Schmidt, A. Adler, P. Neuhaus
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Background and Study Aims: Today, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the standard procedure for ensuring safe feeding access. In the case of advanced hypopharyngeal and esophageal carcinomas, it may not be feasible to pass an existing stenosis by endoscopy. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the laparoscopic Janeway gastrostomy as an alternative technique for guaranteeing feeding access in these instances.
Human Rights and Health — The Universal Declaration of Human Rights at 50
Authors: G J Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

War, famine, pestilence, and poverty have had obvious and devastating effects on health throughout human history. In recent times, human rights have come to be viewed as essential to freedom and individual development. But it is only since the end of World War II that the link between human rights and these causes of disease and death has been recognized.13 The 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights — signed on December 10, 1948 — provides an opportunity to review its genesis, to explore the contemporary link between health and human rights, and to develop effective human-rights . . .
Faulty Premise, Premature Conclusion: That Money Was Extraneous to the Research Ethics of the TGN1412 Study
Authors: Bethany Spielman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

The premise of Emanuel and Miller's analysis in “Money and Distorted Ethical Judgments about Research: Ethical Assessment of the TeGenero TGN1412 Trial” (2007) was outlined in Emanuel, Wendler and ...
Myocardial Fibrosis in Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: HAROLD D. LEVINE
Journal: Circulation (1973)

It has been suggested that a tentative preoperative decision favoring a pericardial lesion, on the one hand, or a myocardial lesion, on the other, may be made from certain noninvasive procedures, including the electrocardiogram. An attempt was therefore made to detect associated myocardial fibrosis by electrocardiogram in 67 patients with constrictive pericarditis as proven at catheterization (63 patients), surgery (64 patients) or postmortem examination (12 patients). Seven of the 67 had electrocardiograms characteristic of, and 16 compatible with, old myocardial infarct. The electrocardiographic experience was otherwise typical of the literature with non-specific changes in the T waves or RS-T segments and/or low voltage in the remaining 44. All three autopsied patients whose electrocardiograms were interpreted as diagnostic of an old myocardial infarct and both autopsied patients with electrocardiograms compatible with that diagnosis showed myocardial fibrosis. In seven autopsied cases with non-specific T waves or low voltage, the myocardium was normal in three while four showed myocardial fibrosis. It appears that in a few cases right ventricular hypertrophy might have simulated infarct by inducing tall R waves over the right precordium, or R waves which decreased in amplitude as the electrode was passed from the right to the left precordium. Pathologic evidence related myocardial fibrosis to: (1) direct subepicardial penetration by the inflammatory process or deposit of fat in the subepicardial myocardium; (2) compromise of coronary blood flow, as by (a) direct throttling of coronary arteries by scar tissue or (b) deficient irrigation of subendocardial layers due to rigidity of the pericardium; or (3) a concomitant myocardial and pericardial process (lupus, radiation fibrosis, rheumatoid). Independent pericarditis and coronary disease was surprisingly rare. This limited experience (1) suggests that, though myocardial fibrosis may be predicted in constrictive pericarditis if the electrocardiogram shows characteristic changes of myocardial infarction, non-specific T wave changes or low voltage may likewise be associated with myocardial fibrosis, and (2) emphasizes that the difficulty in determining the site of a constrictive process may be compounded by the co-existence in the same heart of both a pericardial and a myocardial process.
Letter: Oral contraception and increased formation of high molecular weight derivatives of fibrinogen.
Authors: F Asbeck, J Bebber, J van de Loo
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Experiments conducted in the writers' laboratory on oral contraception and increased formation of high molecular weight derivatives of fibrinogen confirm results of a report by L.O. Pilgeram and others on an increased formation of soluble fibrin in patients taking oral contraceptives. 7 healthy women 17-35 years old were examined before and during a 4-12 week period of treatment with an oral contraceptive containing norgestrel .25 mg and ethinyl estradio. .05 mg. On Days 24 and 26 of the anovulatory menstrual cycles, citrated plasma was chromatographed on a Biogel-A-5m-column. Fibrinogen-related material in the eluates were titrated manually with the staphylococcal clumping test, and the mean concentrations before and during contraception were calculated for each fraction. The results indicated 1) an unchanged elution position of the quantitatively increased fibrinogen, 2) increased amounts of high molecular weight derivatives in the early fractions, and 3) the elution position of the main fraction of high molecular weight derivatives in the position calculated for the fibrinogen-fibrin-dimer. Mathematical processing of the data suggests that the polymers represent 5.6% of the total amount of the fibrinogen peak, which would correspond to a monomer concentration of 2%-3%, assuming that a 1:1 complex of fibrinogen and fibrin monomers is formed.
EXPERIMENTS ON THE CAUSE OF THE RABBIT CARCINOMAS DERIVED FROM VIRUS-INDUCED PAPILLOMAS
Authors: Peyton Rous, John G. Kidd, William E. Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

Tests were made to learn whether an anaplastic, epidermal carcinoma, the Vx2, which had originated more than 8 years previously from a virus papilloma in a domestic rabbit, still rendered its hosts immune to the virus. It had done so in the first 22 successive groups of animals to which it was transferred during a period of 3(1/2) years, its growth regularly eliciting a blood antibody that neutralized the Shope virus and fixed complement in mixture with it; and on the assumption that this would continue to be the case no further observations were made for nearly 4(1/2) years more. Then direct inoculation of animals carrying the tumor in its 46th Generation showed them to be as susceptible to the virus as normal rabbits; and sera procured from hosts of the 46th, 47th, 48th, and 50th Generations failed to neutralize the virus or fix complement with it. Tests of this last sort, repeated at intervals since,-most recently with sera from animals carrying the tumor in its 73rd Generation,-have yielded consistently negative findings. Loss of the power to immunize against the papilloma virus was not attended by any perceptible change in the Vx2 carcinoma. Manifestly the antigen responsible for the immunity cannot, as such, have been the actuating cause of the tumor. Attempts were made to infect the cells providing 48th Generation cancers, by mixing them with a suspension of the papilloma virus at time of implantation, or by injecting this agent into the blood stream of rabbits in which the tumog had already begun to proliferate. Its morphology and rate of growth remained unaltered; but tests of the animals to which transfers were next made yielded what appeared to be evidence of some slight immunity to the virus.
<i>Bacteroides fragilis </i>toxin 2 damages human colonic mucosa in vitro
Authors: M Riegler, M Lotz, C Sears, C Pothoulakis, I Castagliuolo, C C Wang, R Sedivy, T Sogukoglu, E Cosentini, G Bischof, W Feil, B Teleky, G Hamilton, J T LaMont, E Wenzl
Journal: Gut (1999)

BACKGROUND Strains of Bacteroides fragilis producing a 20 kDa protein toxin ( B fragilis toxin (BFT) or fragilysin) are associated with diarrhoea in animals and humans. Although in vitro results indicate that BFT damages intestinal epithelial cells in culture, the effects of BFT on native human colon are not known. AIMS To examine the electrophysiological and morphological effects of purified BFT-2 on human colonic mucosa in vitro. METHODS For resistance (R) measurements, colonic mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers was exposed to luminal or serosal BFT-2 (1.25–10 nM) and after four hours morphological damage was measured on haematoxylin and eosin stained sections using morphometry. F actin distribution was assessed using confocal microscopy. RESULTS Serosal BFT-2 for four hours was four-, two-, seven-, and threefold more potent than luminal BFT-2 in decreasing resistance, increasing epithelial 3 H-mannitol permeability, and damaging crypt and surface colonocytes, respectively (p&lt;0.05). Confocal microscopy showed reduced colonocyte F actin staining intensity after exposure to BFT-2. CONCLUSIONS BFT-2 increases human colonic permeability and damages human colonic epithelial cells in vitro. These effects may be important in the development of diarrhoea and intestinal inflammation caused by B fragilis in vivo.
Dark Homogeneous Streak Dermoscopic Pattern Correlating With Specific<i>KIT</i>Mutations in Melanoma
Authors: Margaret I. Sanchez, Harold S. Rabinovitz, Margaret C. Oliviero, George W. Elgart, Carmen Perez, Susana Puig, Josep Malvehy, James M. Grichnik
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Mutations driving melanoma growth have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Traditional classification systems do not correlate optimally with underlying melanoma growth-promoting mutations. Our objective was to determine whether unique dermoscopic growth patterns directly correlate with driving mutations.We evaluated common driving mutations in 4 different dermoscopic patterns (rhomboidal, negative pigmented network, polygonal, and dark homogeneous streaks) of primary cutaneous melanomas; 3 melanomas per pattern were tested. Three of the 4 patterns lacked common mutations in BRAF, NRAS, KIT, GNAQ, and HRAS. One pattern, the dark homogeneous streaks pattern, had unique KIT mutations in the second catalytic domain of KIT in exon 17 for all 3 samples tested. Two tumors with the dark homogeneous streaks pattern turned out to be different primary melanomas from the same patient and had different sequence mutations but had an impact on the same KIT domain.While future study is required, these results have multiple implications. (1) The underlying melanoma-driving mutations may give rise to specific dermoscopic growth patterns, (2) BRAF/NRAS mutations in early melanomas may not be as common as previously thought, and (3) patients may be predisposed to developing specific driving mutations giving rise to melanomas or nevi of similar growth patterns.
88 ENGINEERING VIRUS-SPECIFIC T CELL IMMUNITY TO TARGET CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AND HBV-RELATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: A.J. Gehring, S.-A. Xue, Z.Z. Ho, D.Y.L. Teoh, C. Ruedl, A. Chia, S. Koh, S.G. Lim, M.K. Maini, H. Stauss, A. Bertoletti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
THE ALLOGENEIC EFFECT IN INBRED MICE
Authors: David P. Osborne, David H. Katz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The administration of allogeneic lymphoid cells to 2,4-dinitrophenyl keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DNP-KLH)-primed mice prepares such recipients for markedly enhanced secondary anti-DNP antibody responses to a DNP conjugate of a heterologous carrier. This allogeneic effect phenomenon, reflecting the development of a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, was first described in guinea pigs and has been extended in the present studies to inbred mice. The expression of the allogeneic effect in mice is dependent upon critical factors such as the number and route of administration of allogeneic cells, the time interval between cell transfer and secondary challenge, and the strength of histocompatibility differences between the donor and the host. The transient GVH reaction established by the transfer of allogeneic cells obviates the requirement for carrier-specific helper T cells in secondary anti-DNP responses, as evidenced by the ability to elicit such responses with DNP-D-GL, a substance which presumably does not stimulate effective T cell helper function. These studies also demonstrate that primed B cells which are not an integral part of the active GVH reaction fail to produce enhanced levels of antibody.
Spontaneous Recovery in Long-term Personality Amnesia
Authors: I. Atkin
Journal: BMJ (1957)

MEDICAL JOURNAL, anoxia followed by syncope, because morphologically an erect posture is inconsistent with the habit and welfare of quadruped animals.Dr. O'Sullivan's' treatment by hydraulic pressure seemed to be more interesting than practical, because its effect is more accidental than reliable in a desperate urgency.-Iam, etc., Bury.
Computerized morphometry and three-dimensional image reconstruction in the evaluation of scalp biopsy from patients with non-cicatricial alopecias
Authors: D.T. Shum, H. Lui, M. Martinka, O. Bernardo, J. Shapiro
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

A major challenge in the histopathological examination of scalp biopsies is to perform an adequate evaluation of all the hair follicles present in the tissue. Transverse sectioning is currently the preferred technique to demonstrate every follicular structure in a punch biopsy specimen, although diagnostic accuracy is dependent on subjective evaluation of follicular morphology and hair size.To determine if computer-based morphometry and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction software can be used to evaluate scalp biopsies from patients with non-cicatricial alopecias.Nine 4-mm scalp punches were taken from nine patients with noncicatricial alopecias and step-sectioned transversely at 0.1-mm intervals from the epidermal surface to the subcutaneous fat. Each tissue section was then digitized and analysed using morphometric and 3D image reconstruction software. Morphometric data and 3D images were collated with clinical and conventional light microscopic diagnoses, as well as follow-up information.In four of the nine patients, results of morphometric analysis concurred with conventional clinicopathological diagnoses. In the remaining five patients, morphometry revealed a lower telogen count in one patient and higher telogen count in four patients. One of the four patients with a higher telogen count also had a low mean hair diameter and miniaturized anagen follicles in the 3D image that were suggestive of early androgenetic alopecia (AGA). 3D virtual microscopic imagery allowed the direct visualization of colour-coded, scaled hair follicles which demonstrated characteristic changes in alopecia areata, AGA and telogen effluvium.Our study demonstrated the feasibility of using morphometric and 3D reconstruction software to evaluate scalp biopsies. With further validation, this technique may prove to be more sensitive to detect subtle quantitative and qualitative follicular changes in non-cicatricial alopecias.
Is the relationship between left ventricular mass and endothelium-dependent vasodilatory function independent of blood pressure?
Authors: Rigobert Lapu-Bula, Rongling Li, Adefisayo Oduwole, Brenda Lankford, Cheryl Pack, Jan Morgan, Nkemdiche Sunday, Jeanette St Vrain, Priscilla Pemu, Elizabeth Ofili
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Violence in Intimate Relationships
Authors: Carol K. Bates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 September 1996Violence in Intimate RelationshipsCarol K. Bates, MDCarol K. Bates, MDBeth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The reviews on domestic violence and childhood abuse were excellent [1, 2]. Although presentations of both scenarios may include somatization, chronic pain, and various psychiatric disorders, the two papers suggest different screening strategies. Alpert [1] recommends that every patient be screened for ongoing violence during routine primary care, whereas Drossman and colleagues [2] suggest that screening be done “when the clinical data are suggestive.”The argument for screening for ongoing violence is stronger. Domestic violence presents a risk for repeated injury and death, which can then be prevented. Little evidence has yet suggested that eliciting a history ...References1. Alpert EJ. Violence in intimate relationships and the practicing internist: new “disease” or new agenda? Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:774-81. Google Scholar2. Drossman DA, Talley NJ, Leserman J, Olden KW, Barreiro MA. Sexual and physical abuse and gastrointestinal illness. Review and recommendations. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:782-94. Google Scholar3. Frankel FH. Discovering new memories in psychotherapy: childhood revisited, fantasy, or both? N Engl J Med. 1995; 333:591-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 5Page: 426KeywordsDomestic violenceMemory Issue Published: 1 September 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...