tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Altered hepatic triglyceride content after partial hepatectomy without impaired liver regeneration in multiple murine genetic models†
Authors: Elizabeth P. Newberry, Susan M. Kennedy, Yan Xie, Jianyang Luo, Susan E. Stanley, Clay F. Semenkovich, Roseanne M. Crooke, Mark J. Graham, Nicholas O. Davidson
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Liver regeneration is impaired following partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice with genetic obesity and hepatic steatosis and also in wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet. These findings contrast with other data showing that liver regeneration is impaired in mice in which hepatic lipid accumulation is suppressed by either pharmacologic leptin administration or by disrupted glucocorticoid signaling. These latter findings suggest that hepatic steatosis may actually be required for normal liver regeneration. We have reexamined this relationship using several murine models of altered hepatic lipid metabolism. Liver fatty acid (FA) binding protein knockout mice manifested reduced hepatic triglyceride (TG) content compared to controls, with no effect on liver regeneration or hepatocyte proliferation. Examination of early adipogenic messenger RNAs revealed comparable induction in liver from both genotypes despite reduced hepatic steatosis. Following PH, hepatic TG was reduced in intestine-specific microsomal TG transfer protein deleter mice, which fail to absorb dietary fat, increased in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha knockout mice, which exhibit defective FA oxidation, and unchanged (from wild-type mice) in liver-specific FA synthase knockout mice in which endogenous hepatic FA synthesis is impaired. Hepatic TG increased in the regenerating liver in all models, even in animals in which lipid accumulation is genetically constrained. However, in no model—and over a >90-fold range of hepatic TG content—was liver regeneration significantly impaired following PH. Conclusion: Although hepatic TG content is widely variable and increases during liver regeneration, alterations in neither exogenous or endogenous lipid metabolic pathways, demonstrated to promote or diminish hepatic steatosis, influence hepatocyte proliferation. (HEPATOLOGY 2008.)
Antigen-induced locomotor responses in lymphocytes.
Authors: P C Wilkinson, D M Parrott, R J Russell, F Sless
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

The effect of protein antigens on the locomotion of lymphocytes from the lymph nodes draining the site of antigenic challenge in immunized mice, and from the same nodes in control mice, was studied in filters using a checkerboard assay in which the absolute concentration and the concentration gradient of attractant was varied in a series of chambers. Serum albumin (HSA or BSA) was chemokinetic for unimmunized lymphocytes inasmuch as the distance migrated into filters by cells in its presence varied with the absolute concentration of albumin, but not with the concentration gradient, indicating an influence of the serum albumin on the rate but not on the direction of locomotion. Ovalbumin and nonalbumin proteins did not show this effect. Using the same assay, the migration of primed lymphocytes in the presence of the priming antigen was shown to be influenced by the antigen gradient in a way that suggested a positive chemotactic response of the lymphocytes to antigen. This response was only shown clearly when the cells were in a chemokinetic medium containing serum albumin.
Abstract 4329: In vivo visualization of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in real time using a rapidly tuneable E-cadherin
Authors: Hon Sing Leong, Michael M. Lizardo, Shruti C. Nambiar, Amber Ablack, Daero Kim, Ann F. Chambers, John D. Lewis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The transformation of benign tumour cells to invasive, metastatic tumour cells involves the dynamic redeployment of factors involved in cell adhesion and motility collectively known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). While the loss of E-cadherin localization at cell-cell junctions is a hallmark feature of EMT, the impact of E-cadherin re-expression and modulation in metastatic cancer cells at distinct steps of the metastatic cascade has not been explored. To address this, we developed an intravital imaging approach that allows us to visualize changes in behaviour of highly metastatic MDA-MB-231-LN breast cancer cells in real time using a dynamically tuneable form of E-cadherin. Here, we show that upon induction of E-cadherin in vivo, cell-cell adherens junctions begin to appear within 30 minutes, concurrent with the accumulation of plasma membrane-localized E-cadherin and the retraction of tumour cell protrusions and the induction of a rounded epithelial-like morphology. Furthermore, subsequent depletion of E-cadherin results in a rapid reversion to the mesenchymal morphology. These studies demonstrate that E-cadherin is sufficient to induce a rapid mesenchymal to epithelial transition in vivo, and that sustained E-cadherin expression is required to maintain this less invasive morphology. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4329.
REPORT OF CASES OF TREPHINING AND CEREBRAL INJURY.From the records of the Cambridge Society for Medical Improvement.
Authors: ALBERT H. TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

<h3>Case 1.</h3> —Reported by C. E. Vaughan, M.D. Wm. R. S. B., age 24 years. December 13 was thrown from his horse, striking his head. For twenty minutes appeared unhurt, then a slight convulsion occurred followed by four more in the course of an hour. When he reached the hospital the pupils were somewhat contracted, but equal and responsive to light; the skin was cool and dry, and the face pale; pulse 42, temp. 99°, and the respiration 16. There was no complaint of pain, but a strong desire to urinate and to defecate, and a large amount of apparently normal urine was passed voluntarily. There was no evidence of paralysis, or external signs of fracture or depression of the bone, or injury. Biliary vomiting occurred, and soon intense diffuse headache, with pain in the dorsal region. Bowels reacted with great difficulty. The patient was conscious, yet the mind was
Effect of information leaflets on knowledge in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.
Authors: G M Hawkey, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1989)

Twelve patient information leaflets concerning common gastrointestinal diseases were produced by the British Digestive Foundation and evaluated to determine whether patients knew more about their disease if they received a leaflet. Eleven hundred and fifty patients attending gastroenterology clinics in the United Kingdom were assessed by postal questionnaire of whom half had received a leaflet relevant to their diagnosis six weeks before assessment. Seven hundred and fifty one replied (398 leafleted, 353 non-leafleted). Most patients found the leaflets helpful and easy to understand; few found them worrying. They were regarded as a better source of information than doctors, particularly for information about the characteristics of the illness and side effects of treatment. In all diagnostic groups assessed the patients' knowledge of their disease was significantly greater if they had received a leaflet than if they had not. Individual responses by patients without leaflets showed that fundamental misconceptions persisted about digestive diseases. The British Digestive Foundation leaflets are an effective means of imparting disease related information to patients.
Improvement in hematological, visceral, and skeletal manifestations of Gaucher disease type 1 with oral eliglustat tartrate (Genz-112638) treatment: 2-year results of a phase 2 study
Authors: Elena Lukina, Nora Watman, Elsa Avila Arreguin, Marta Dragosky, Marcelo Iastrebner, Hanna Rosenbaum, Mici Phillips, Gregory M. Pastores, Ravi S. Kamath, Daniel I. Rosenthal, Mathilde Kaper, Tejdip Singh, Ana Cristina Puga, M. Judith Peterschmitt
Journal: Blood (2010)
Comparability and validity of two clinical scores in the early differential diagnosis of acute stroke
Authors: M G Celani, E Righetti, R Migliacci, M Zampolini, L Antoniutti, C F Grandi, S Ricci
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases and associated substrates play a pivotal role in Ag receptor stimulation of resting cells and in the initiation of activation-induced cell death (AICD) of preactivated T cells. CD4-associated p56<sup><i>lck</i></sup> has been implicated not only in the activation of primary T cells, but also in the inhibition of T cell responses. We have previously shown that CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell clones can be rescued from AICD when surface CD4 is engaged before the TCR stimulus. In this study, we show that prevention of AICD is associated with a CD4-dependent inhibition of TCR-triggered tyrosine phosphorylation of the Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP-76) and Vav. We provide evidence for a SLP-76 interaction with Src homology 3 domains of p56<sup><i>lck</i></sup> and identify amino acids 185–194 of SLP-76 as relevant docking site. In view of the multiple functions of p56<sup><i>lck</i></sup> and SLP-76/Vav in the initiation of TCR/CD3/CD4 signaling, we propose a model for the CD4-dependent inhibition of TCR signaling and AICD of preactivated T cells. Our data suggest that preformed activation complexes of adapter proteins and enzymes in the vicinity of the CD4/p56<sup><i>lck</i></sup> complex are no longer available for the TCR signal when CD4 receptors are engaged before TCR stimulation.
Studies of human cord blood and adult lymphocyte interactions with in vitro immunoglobulin production.
Authors: T Morito, A D Bankhurst, R C Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Newborns are unable to produce normal amounts of immunoglobulin despite the presence of circulating lymphocytes with surface immunoglobin (Ig). This study was designed to examine the cellular basis of such impaired Ig synthesis in the newborn infant. An in vitro assay for IgG and IgM synthesis was employed which measured the Ig present in the supernates of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cord blood and/or adult peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC). Results were as follows: (a) the addition of cord blood MNC to adult MNC suppressed both normal IgG and IgM production; (b) addition of a suspension of adult thymus-derived (T) cells to cord bone marrow-derived (B) cells did not enhance the production of Ig; (c) the addition of cord T cells to adult B cells did not enhance normal Ig production but did significantly depress IgM and IgG synthesis; and (d) irradiation of cord T cells with 2,000 rads removed the suppressive effect of cord T cells on adult MNC. A similar reversal of the suppressive effect exerted by cord MNC was also seen in the presence of 10 microM of hydrocortisone. It appears that the inability of newborn infants to make normal amounts of Ig is a result of a combined B-cell defect and the presence of a steroid-sensitive and radiosensitive suppressor cord T cell.
Pathologists in Hospitals for the Insane.
Authors: H. A. Tomlinson.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

St. Peter, Minn., Oct. 22, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Laboratories in hospitals for the insane in the Middle West are not so uncommon as the editorial inThe Journal, October 6, would imply. There are a number of them, andthe laboratory in this hospital has been in existence since 1894. This laboratory was started as an adjunct to the clinical work of the hospital, rather than as a place to study the morbid histology of the brain, although the latter has not been neglected; and the "continued careful study of the rich material in these institutions" has shown us that they are unworked mines of clinical and pathologic wealth in general medicine, which have been overlooked and ignored, while time and attention has been given to the study of the morphology of the brain, and the histology of its cortex; as if in them was constituted the pathology of insanity,
PEPFAR’s Antiprostitution Pledge
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, remodelling, and clinical outcomes among patients with diabetes following myocardial infarction and the influence of direct renin inhibition with aliskiren
Authors: Amil M. Shah, Sung Hee Shin, Madoka Takeuchi, Hicham Skali, Akshay S. Desai, Lars Køber, Aldo P. Maggioni, Jean L. Rouleau, Roxzana Y. Kelly, Allen Hester, Deborah Keefe, John J. V. McMurray, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Bone Mass in Lifetime Tennis Athletes
Authors: Alan L. Huddleston
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The effects of physical exercise on the status of bone mineralization for a population of lifetime athletes were investigated. The bone mineral content of the radii of experienced male tennis players was measured. The bone mass of the radius of the playing arm (mean, 1.37 g/cm) was greater than that of the nonplaying arm (mean, 1.23 g/cm) in all but one person. The results were compared with data for a nonathletic (normal) population. The quantity of bone mineral present in the playing arms of the athletic population was greater than that of the dominant arms of nonathletes, which suggests that playing tennis during a lifetime may produce a localized increase in bone mineralization that is greater than that found in nonathletes.
BMA says identity cards must not limit access to emergency care
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Identity cards that contain information about the bearers' right of access to public services could be useful in clarifying individual rights to health services but must never limit access to emergency health services or require doctors to police access to health services, the BMA said this week in its response to proposals for introducing identity cards in the United Kingdom.

The BMA considered that identity cards that clearly spelt out individuals' entitlement could assist in the efficient delivery of health services. For example, they could be useful for individuals, such as asylum seekers, whose legitimate right to access public services had been viewed with …
The Laboratory Microbiologist in Clinical Medicine
Authors: THOMAS L. GAVAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Laboratory microbiology provides to clinicians caring for patients with infectious diseases objective data regarding etiologic agent identification and antimicrobial susceptibility. Mutual communication is essential to ensure appropriate selection of materials for culture, prompt collection and transport, and efficacious handling in the laboratory. Training programs for physicians and clinical scientists are too few in number and are in need of expansion. Programs in pathology and postdoctoral programs must emphasize clinical and laboratory experience so that communication can be improved.
STUDIES ON PNEUMONIA VIRUS OF MICE (PVM)
Authors: Frank L. Horsfall, Edward C. Curnen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1946)

This study on pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) was carried out in order to obtain as accurate data as possible on the degree of variation which may be expected in titrations of the virus or of antibodies against it in vivo. It is believed that the knowledge gained will facilitate further investigations on this latent pneumotropic virus and make possible a more exact assessment of the significance of experimental results obtained with the agent. The reproducibility of 50 per cent maximum score titration end points with PVM in mice is such that the chances are 19 out of 20 that a difference of 1.084 log units (i.e. a twelvefold difference) in the end points obtained in two separate titrations is significant. The reproducibility of 50 per cent maximum score serum dilution end points in neutralization tests with PVM in mice is such that the chances are 19 out of 20 that a difference of 0.626 log units (i.e. a fourfold difference) in the end points obtained with two sera against similar amounts of virus is significant. It was found that there is a linear exponential relationship between the serum dilution end point and the quantity of PVM used in a neutralization test. This relationship appears to be identical with immune serum obtained from different animal species, and appears also to be identical to the linear relationship described previously in similar studies with influenza A virus.
Where next with revalidation?
Authors: John J Norcini
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Self regulation should survive, but revalidation must offer education as well as performance review 

A century ago, Cornford described how a conservative faculty at Cambridge University, England, struggled to deflect the pressure to reform.1 Some aspects of that treatise have been reprised in the BMJ series on the United Kingdom General Medical Council, which ends this week, as regulators take on the public's need for a mechanism to ensure that doctors provide good care for patients throughout their careers.2–8 Three themes emerge from this series and from the broader debate: revalidation is necessary; revalidation must be comprehensive; and medicine should be self regulated.

In his article, Irvine espouses the view that doctors are personally responsible for their own ability to provide good care and that they share in the collective responsibility for their colleagues.4 In this context, revalidation is an essential expression of professionalism and a means of establishing accountability to patients and the public.

Overwhelmingly, patients also feel that revalidation is necessary. Cain, …
Deregulated Estrogen Receptor α and p53 Heterozygosity Collaborate in the Development of Mammary Hyperplasia
Authors: Edgar S. Díaz-Cruz, Priscilla A. Furth
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Both increased estrogen receptor α (ERα) expression and germline disruption of one p53 allele increase breast cancer risk in women. Genetically engineered mouse models of deregulated ERα expression and p53 haploinsufficiency were used to investigate similarities and differences of each genetic lesion alone and in combination on mammary preneoplasia development. Each genetic lesion independently and in combination led to development of age-dependent preneoplasia, but the highest prevalence was found in compound mice with increased ERα expression coupled with p53 heterozygosity. All genetic lesions were associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation; however, only p53 heterozygous and compound mice showed increased levels of phosphorylated AKT and decreased p27 expression. The highest levels of cell proliferation were found in compound mice, but increased levels were also found with either increased ERα expression or p53 heterozygosity. Mice with increased ERα expression showed predicted higher levels of nuclear-localized ERα, but this was attenuated in compound mice in association with a relative increase in Src phosphorylation. Parity protection was limited to p53 heterozygous mice and not found in mice with increased ERα alone. In summary, increased and deregulated ERα collaborates with p53 heterozygosity in increasing the risk of mammary preneoplasia development. Cancer Res; 70(10); 3965–74. ©2010 AACR.
* Colorectal cancer in first round fobnegative, 2nd round fob positive bowel cancer screening subjects: tumour site and stage
Authors: P. Patel, T. Pirani, M. Bouwe, R. Leicester, A. Poullis
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The NHS bowel cancer screening program (NHS BCSP) currently screens persons between the ages of 60 and 69 for bowel cancer (in the process of being extended to age 74). The aim is to detect early cancer and reduce mortality associated with CRC. The NHS BCSP began in 2006 in England and Nationwide coverage was achieved in 2010. Individuals are invited biennially to provide a stool sample for faecal occult blood test (FOBt) analysis. South West London BCS centre at St. George9s Hospital has now completed 2 screening rounds in our screen population. We determined the cancer site and stage detected in patients who had positive FOBt during the second screening round, but negative FOBt at the first screening round two years earlier. <h3>Methods</h3> Data from patients with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer in the second round was examined. Patients who had a negative FOBt in round 1 but a positive FOBT in the 2nd round were selected. Staging imaging and histology was reviewed to highlight the location and stage of cancer detected. <h3>Results</h3> 26 patients with CRC and a negative FOBt in round one were identified (10 female and 16 male). The median age was 65 (range 62–72). The site and stage of the lesion detected is shown in the table below. 73% of cancers identified were Dukes stage A/B, 27% were C/D. Most lesions were left sided (88.5%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Accurate and detailed databases set up by the National BCSP have the potential to facilitate further research into better understanding the rate of development of bowel cancer and possibly enable improvements in screening methods in the future to ensure that greater numbers of cancers are detected early. In this cohort the lesions were predominantly in the left colon and at an early stage. The reasons for a negative FOB two years earlier could be the consequence of intermittent blood loss or possibly inadequate haemolysis which is necessary for the FOBt kit to detect the blood. This is a known limitation of the FOBt. Our data supports the use of flexible sigmoidoscopy as an adjunct to the present screening program. Funding for this was recently announced by the Coalition Government following recommendations by the National Screening committee. This data also suggests that the presently used FOBt algorithm needs national audit.
Three-dimensional migration of macrophages requires Hck for podosome organization and extracellular matrix proteolysis
Authors: Céline Cougoule, Véronique Le Cabec, Renaud Poincloux, Talal Al Saati, Jean-Louis Mège, Guillaume Tabouret, Clifford A. Lowell, Nathalie Laviolette-Malirat, Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini
Journal: Blood (2009)
Nestle's marketing policy
Authors: P. Rundall
Journal: BMJ (1993)

the calibration factors can be keyed into the monitors to take into account the sensor tempera- ture.As Davidson and Hosie state, to monitor ventilation satisfactorily it is necessary to measure both the adequacy of oxygenation and the adequacy of elimination of carbon dioxide.Transcutaneous monitoring allows this to be done easily and non- invasively in infants and children of all ages.