tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sudden deepening of pigmentation during haemodialysis due to severe haemolysis
Authors: D. SEUKERAN, S. FLETCHER, L. SELLARS, J.P. VESTEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

A 37-year-old woman with chronic renal failure developed pain in the right flank during haemodialysis followed by rapid and dramatic deepening of pigmentation. Investigation indicated that the cause was severe haemolysis most probably due to mechanical damage to red blood cells passing through a stenosis in a dialysis blood line. Severe haemolysis should be suspected in subjects who suffer rapidly increasing pigmentation during dialysis. Such severe haemolysis should be recognized and treated rapidly since it may produce life-threatening systemic problems.
Population Estimates of Household Firearm Storage Practices and Firearm Carrying in Oregon
Authors: David E Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To examine statewide data on exposure of adults and children to loaded and unlocked household firearms, and to estimate the prevalence of firearm carrying among adults in Oregon. <h3>Design.</h3> —Analyses of 1992 and 1993 telephone survey data from 6202 adults aged 18 years and older using the Oregon Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Number of adults and children exposed to household firearms always or sometimes stored loaded and unlocked. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for exposure to loaded and unlocked firearms and firearm carrying among adults by demographic and alcohol use patterns. <h3>Results.</h3> —Ten percent of adults (197 400 persons) lived in households with firearms that were always or sometimes stored loaded and unlocked. An estimated 6.2% of households with children had firearms that were loaded and unlocked, and about 40 000 children lived in these households. Overall, 4.4% of adults carried loaded firearms in the past month. Rural residence, male sex, and less than a college education were associated with living in a household with loaded and unlocked firearms and with firearm carrying. Drinking 5 or more alcoholic beverages on 1 or more occasions in the past month (OR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.3) or drinking 60 or more alcoholic beverages in the past month (OR, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.7) were independently associated with living in households with loaded and unlocked firearms. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Many adults and children are exposed to unsafely stored firearms in Oregon, and many adults carry loaded firearms. Improved public health surveillance of firearm storage and firearm carrying using standardized questions and definitions is needed at the national, state, and local levels. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1744-1748)
Escaping anesthetic gases may affect neurophysiological functions
Authors: John Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Potentially serious neurophysiological deficits may occur after on-the-job exposure to fugitive anesthetic gas emissions, according to Lt Comdr Richard A. Ilka, MC, USN, chief of environmental epidemiology at the Navy Environmental Health Center in Cincinnati. "In 100% of the samples we took at the University of Cincinnati Hospital, the level of anesthetic gases in the operating rooms exceeded the maximum level set by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)," Ilka said. A NIOSH criteria document on anesthetic gases has set 25 ppm as the maximum level of fugitive emissions in operating rooms. In testing for nitrous oxide, the Cincinnati researchers found average levels of 400 ppm. "Our studies have shown that even at 50 ppm there can be a measurable decrement in the ability to pick up serious changes in stimuli," Ilka said. "For example, the anesthesiologist must often listen to heart tones while at the same
PREVENTABLE DISEASE IN THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES—CAUSE, EFFECT AND REMEDY.
Authors: W. O. OWEN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Owing to the fact that my ideas, as expressed in a pamphlet that I had printed for private circulation, have appeared in part in the public press; and fearing that some one may be misled as to my intention and thought, I have concluded that it were better to express myself as fully as I can to the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati and through it to the profession at large. I had no thought of making an attack upon any individual and therefore carefully abstained from using the name of any officer where possible offense might be taken My aim was to call the attention of my professional brothers to a state of affairs which appeared to me was costing the Government large sums of money and the soldier great and unnecessary suffering from preventable disease, to call attention to the fact that the Red Cross of the Geneva
Changes in morbidity and mortality during comprehensive community programme to control cardiovascular diseases during 1972-7 in North Karelia.
Authors: J T Salonen, P Puska, H Mustaniemi
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A comprehensive community programme studying the control of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was carried out in North Karelia, Finland, between 1972 and 1977. The main objective was to reduce the mortality and morbidity of CVD, particularly in middle-aged men. Changes in the mortality and incidence of CVD were monitored by community-based registers of cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke and data on death certificates. During the programme the total mortality in the area decreased by 5% and the mortality from CVD decreased by 13% among men and 31% among women aged 30-64 years. The incidence of AMI fell by 16% among men and 5% among women, while that of cerebral stroke fell by 38% among men and 50% among women. Changes in mortality in North Karelia were compared with those in a matched control area; the difference between the two areas was not significant. The true effect of the programme cannot be deduced from these results, but mortality from CVD and the incidence of AMI and stroke fell during the five years studied. Thus the changes in mortality and morbidity of CVD accorded with the initial objectives of the programme.Over the 1972-1977 period a comprehensive community program studying the control of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was conducted in North Karelia, Finland. The program intention was to reduce the mortality and morbidity of CVD, particularly among middle-aged men. Community-based registers of cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke and data on death certificates were used to monitor changes in the mortality and incidence of CVD. During the course of the program the total mortality in the area decreased by 5%, and the mortality from CVD decreased by 13% among men and 31% among women aged 30-64 years. The incidence of AMI declined by 16% among men and 5% among women, while that of cerebral stroke declined by 38% among men and 50% among women. Changes in mortality in North Karelia were compared with those in a matched control area. There was no significant difference between the 2 areas. Although the true effect of the program cannot be deduced from these results, mortality from CVD and the incidence of AMI and stroke did decline during the 5-year study period, which was in accordance with the initial program objectives.
Domiciliary self-measurement in the rheumatoid arthritis and the demonstration of circadian rhythmicity.
Authors: I C Kowanko, M S Knapp, R Pownall, A J Swannell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Symptoms and signs of rheumatoid arthritis vary within the day and from day to day. Interesting and possibly important observations can be missed when evaluations are based only on outpatient measurements, which are likely to be made at only one time and at infrequent intervals. We have found that patients can measure their own grip strength and finger joint sizes at home, and simultaneously assess overall pain and stiffness on numerical scales. Measurements made by patients were reproducible when made at the same time of day if on the same treatment. The patient9s subjective assessment of pain and stiffness is a useful measure of the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. These pain and stiffness ratings were found to be well correlated with the patient9s objective measurements of finger joint size and grip strength. Information not otherwise available can be collected by studying patients at home with these self-measurement techniques. These have allowed the demonstration of circadian variations in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and improved the evaluation of drugs studied in clinical trials.
Against an uncritical sense of adaptiveness
Authors: Steve Fuller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The “adaptive toolbox” model of the mind is much too uncritical, even as a model of bounded rationality. There is no place for a “meta-rationality” that questions the shape of the decision-making environments themselves. Thus, using the ABC Group's “fast and frugal heuristics,” one could justify all sorts of conformist behavior as rational. Telling in this regard is their appeal to the philosophical distinction between coherence and correspondence theories of truth.
Medicine, Spirituality, and Patient Care
Authors: Pat Fosarelli
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
France heads WHO's league table of health systems
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

If you are going to be ill, the best place to be is France—the country ranked first in an analysis of the world's healthcare systems carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Among major countries, France was followed by Italy, Spain, Oman, Austria, and Japan, with several small countries (including San Marino, Andorra, Malta, and Singapore) rated among the top 10 healthcare providers.

The analysis, which used five performance indicators to measure health systems, showed that it is not what you spend on health care but how you spend the resources availableto you that is important.

Despite spending more of its gross domestic product on health than any other country (13.7%), the United States ranked only 37 out of …
Dobutamine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Contractile Recovery of Chronically Dysfunctional Myocardium After Successful Revascularization
Authors: Frank M Baer, Peter Theissen, Christian A Schneider, Eberhard Voth, Udo Sechtem, Harald Schicha, Erland Erdmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
A CASE OF HAEMOCHROMATOSIS, OR PIGMENTARY CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER WITH GLYCOSURIA
Authors: M. D. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1911)

I43 TimEq 13'IC1T1SH TAEMOCHROMATOSTIS Nov. IT, IgIt.whose function is not being exercised w-e might exp)ect thlei to sucCulnb) readily to the attacks of micro-organisms.Phagyocytosis under such coniditions is likevl to be at a uinimuill.In solnie cases of pileumococcic infection of the fettus the miiotlher has apparently suffered fr'om01 nio inifectionis lisease.Don" recently reported a case of anteniatal lobar pneumonia in which tllere was nio apparelnt antecedenit infective condition in tlhe mother.Except for feelings of clhilliniess fouir days or so before delivery, slhi felt perfectly well.Cases suchl as this slhowv (learlv tliat the placenta dloes niot alwvays act as a filter in preventing pathogenic organisms fronm reaclling the fetus.IEFEItmENCES.
Preregistration house officers' views on whether their experience at medical school prepared them well for their jobs: national questionnaire survey
Authors: M. J Goldacre
Journal: BMJ (2003)

( see also p 1019)

The aims of training at medical school are to lay the educational foundations for a lifelong career in medicine and to equip junior doctors well for the first stage in their working lives. To gauge the extent to which the second objective is being achieved we sought views of doctors who graduated from medical schools in the United Kingdom in 1999 and 2000.

We regularly undertake surveys of newly qualified doctors, to establish their career choices and progression. 1 2 In our most recent surveys we included the statement: “My experience at medical school prepared me well for the jobs I have undertaken so far.” We invited respondents to state their level of agreement on a five point scale from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree.”

We mailed questionnaires containing the statement to 5330 doctors: all 4221 qualifiers in the United Kingdom of 1999 and 1109 qualifiers (a random 25%) of 2000. …
Atopy patch tests are useful to predict oral tolerance in children with gastrointestinal symptoms related to non‐IgE‐mediated cow's milk allergy
Authors: R. Nocerino, V. Granata, M. Di Costanzo, V. Pezzella, L. Leone, A. Passariello, G. Terrin, R. Troncone, R. Berni Canani
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Atopy patch tests ( APT s) have been proposed for the diagnostic approach in children with non‐IgE‐mediated cow's milk allergy and gastrointestinal symptoms. We aimed to investigate the benefit of APT s in predicting oral tolerance in these patients. We prospectively evaluated 172 subjects with a sure diagnosis of non‐IgE‐mediated CMA and gastrointestinal symptoms (97 boys, 56.4%; age, 6.37 m; range, 2–12 m). At diagnosis, 113/172 (65.7%) children had positive APT s to cow's milk proteins ( CMP ). After 12 months of exclusion, diet APT s were repeated immediately before OFC . APT s significantly correlated ( P &lt; 0.001) with the OFC outcome (r 0.579). Diagnostic accuracy was sensitivity of 67.95%, specificity of 88.3%, PPV of 82.81%, NPV of 76.85%, and a + LR of 5.80. APT s are a valuable tool in the follow‐up of children with non‐IgE‐mediated CMA ‐related gastrointestinal symptoms by contributing in determining whether an OFC can safely be undertaken.
Measurement of the Plasma Free Thyroxine Level as a Test of Thyroid Function
Authors: M. Wellby, M. W. O'Halloran
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The concept that the small amount of unbound or free thyroxine (T4) is the factor in determining the true thyroid status of the individual (Robbins and Rall, 1957) has been supported by evidence in recent studies (Christensen, 1960; Sterling and Hegedus, 1962 ; Lee et al., 1964 ; Ingbar et al., 1965).Nevertheless, the measurement of either the plasma protein-bound iodine (P.B.I.) or the resin uptake of labelled triiodothyronine (T,) should suffice to confirm a diagnosis in most cases of primary myxoedema and primary thyrotoxicosis (Wellby and O'Halloran, 1966).However, in many conditions in which there is an abnormality in T4 binding by serum proteins there are often deviations from the normal in both P.B.I. and resin uptake of T3 without
Transactions of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, Atlantic City, N.J., April 9-10, 1961
Authors: John H. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The first annual meeting of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs was held June 5, 1955, at Atlantic City. The transactions of this and subsequent meetings have been published annually and include, in addition to the authors' manuscripts, the discussion, edited from tape recordings. The meetings are the forum where engineers, surgeons, chemists, internists, and physiologists discuss experimental and clinical data pertaining to artificial internal organs, particularly the artificial kidney and pump oxygenators. The discussions contain data on membrane kinetics, anticoagulants, clinical results with extracorporeal devices, and metabolic studies that are not readily available elsewhere. The sections on hemodialysis include descriptions of new dialyzers by Kolff, Salisbury, Kylstra, and others; classic manuscripts describing the original experiences with application of a new dialyzer by Merrill, Schreiner, Leonard, and Keily; new techniques in hemodialysis, such as prophylactic daily dialysis described by Teschan; extensive studies on the maintenance of life in chronic
Photodynamic Therapy of Human Malignant Melanoma Xenografts in Athymic Nude Mice1
Authors: J. S. Nelson, J. L. McCullough, M. W. Berns
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

While photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cutaneous malignancies including dermal recurrences of breast cancer and basal cell carcinomas has shown great promise, PDT of malignant melanoma has remained incompletely understood. A comparison study of the effects of PDT on human xenograft amelanotic and melanotic malignant melanoma in the athymic nude mouse model was performed. Twenty-four hours after ip administration of Photofrin II, the responses to total laser light doses of 25-300 J/cm2 were evaluated by histologic examination. Animals were also sacrificed 24 hours after administration of Photofrin II without light, and their uptake and localization of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) for each tumor were measured and compared. The results indicate that human xenograft melanotic melanoma, despite the fact that it contains more HpD than does amelanotic melanoma, is far less responsive to PDT. This result appears to be due to the competing chromophore melanin, which may inhibit the photochemical reaction at several key points.
SPEECH AS A FACTOR IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF BACKWARDNESS IN CHILDREN.
Authors: G. HUDSON MAKUEN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The subject under discussion is one of more than usual importance. It is said that there are, in Philadelphia alone, more than twelve hundred school-children who are unable to keep up with their classes and for whom no adequate provision has been made. This large number does not include the high-grade imbeciles and idiots who never get into the schools, but only those who are said to be "backward in their studies." Scientific discussions often fail to be of value because of a lack of a definite and uniform nomenclature and therefore it may be well to come to some understanding as to exactly what we mean by the term "backwardness in children." No two children are of exactly the same grade, mentally, but they differ in this respect as they differ in respect to physical characteristics. The backward child, according to the common acceptation of the term, is one
A MODIFICATION OF THE McRAE NEEDLE
Authors: J. E. Lane
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The McRae blood-taking needle is a very useful article. It is hard to clean, however, and rusts easily. In an attempt to overcome these slight disadvantages, I devised a modification of it in the form of the adapter here illustrated.<sup>1</sup> The adapter is made of a nonrusting material, and its caliber is so large that it is easily cleaned. Any Luer needle of the desired size may be used on it, and the suction end takes a Luer observation tube or rubber tubing without the interposition of the observation tube.
Targeting of survivin by nanoliposomal ceramide induces complete remission in a rat model of NK-LGL leukemia
Authors: Xin Liu, Lindsay Ryland, Jun Yang, Aijun Liao, Cesar Aliaga, Rebecca Watts, Su-Fern Tan, James Kaiser, Sriram S. Shanmugavelandy, Andrew Rogers, Kathleen Loughran, Bailey Petersen, Jonathan Yuen, Fanxue Meng, Kendall Thomas Baab, Nancy Ruth Jarbadan, Kathleen Broeg, Ranran Zhang, Jason Liao, Thomas Joseph Sayers, Mark Kester, Thomas P. Loughran
Journal: Blood (2010)
Air Travel, Hypobaric Hypoxia, and Prothrombotic Changes
Authors: Wolfgang Schobersberger, Beatrix Schobersberger, Markus Mittermayr, Dietmar Fries, Werner Streif
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Radiotoxicology of Radithor
Authors: Roger M. Macklis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Radithor was a radioactive patent medicine that was touted as a metabolic stimulant and aphrodisiac. We have obtained several original samples of Radithor and have used these historical specimens and a computer-based calculation model to perform a retrospective analysis of a famous case of Radithorrelated radium poisoning. Our data suggest that the victim's cumulative skeletal radiation dose may have exceeded 350 Sv by the time he died. This figure far exceeds most current estimates of what radiation exposure level would constitute a rapidly lethal dose if given acutely. The physiological response to long-term internal radiation exposure and the highly localized nature of alpha particle irradiation may require the development of new models for the assessment of risk in cases of internal alpha particle irradiation. (<i>JAMA.</i>1990;264:619-621)
Blood transfusions for leukaemic patients.
Authors: R A Cumming, J D Cash, P C Das, A E Robertson, P Braynion
Journal: BMJ (1971)

were taken into account.As long ago as 1941 Freyberg et al.3 wrote that they were unable to demonstrate any relationship between serum gold levels, the response to therapy, and the development of toxic re- actions.Because more recent reports12 have suggested that there may be a relationship between these factors the results of serum gold determinations in a group of 50 patients are being analysed.Preliminary results so far are in agreement with Freyberg in failing to provide useful data regarding the response to therapy.