tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Environmental estrogens induce transcriptionally active estrogen receptor dimers in yeast: activity potentiated by the coactivator RIP140.
Authors: C Q Sheeler, M W Dudley, S A Khan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We used three yeast genetic systems to investigate the estrogen-like activity of octylphenol (OP), bisphenol-A (BPA), o,p'-DDT, and o, p'-DDE to induce human estrogen receptor (hER) dimerization and transcriptional activation. We have demonstrated that OP, BPA, and o, p'-DDT can induce hER ligand-dependent dimerization using a yeast two-hybrid assay. All three xenoestrogens, plus estradiol, enhanced estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent transcriptional activation of hER. In the presence of receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140), ERE-dependent activity was dramatically amplified by 100-fold for estradiol, OP, BPA, and o,p'-DDT. A yeast whole-cell [(3)H]estradiol binding assay was developed to determine the site of interaction on the hER. We determined nonspecific binding by parallel incubations run in the presence of 5 microM unlabelled estradiol in PCY2 yeast. At the concentrations tested, unlabeled estradiol, OP, and BPA displaced [(3)H]estradiol in this binding assay, whereas the concentrations of o,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDE tested were insufficient to inhibit binding. Incubating yeast in the presence of increasing concentrations of estradiol and OP (1 microM) or BPA (1 microM) neither blocked nor altered the effect of estradiol on hER activity. We observed no agonistic activity of o,p'-DDE in any of the yeast models used. These results suggest that OP, BPA, and o,p'-DDT exert their estrogen-like activity through the ER in a manner similar to that of estradiol, and the coactivator RIP140 markedly potentiates this activity.
What Should the Practicing Physician Know About Digoxin Bioavailability and How Will FDA Action Affect Him?
Authors: VINCENT P. BUTLER, ARTHUR C. FOX, ALFRED GILMAN, REJANE M. HARVEY, THOMAS KILLIP, MARIANNE J. LEGATO, JOHN LINDENBAUM, DANIEL S. LUKAS, JOHN MORRISON, THOMAS W. SMITH
Journal: Circulation (1974)
Randomised study of cognitive effects of iron supplementation in non-anaemic iron-deficient adolescent girls
Authors: Ann B Bruner, Alain Joffe, Anne K Duggan, James F Casella, Jason Brandt
Journal: The Lancet (1996)

Up to 25% of adolescent girls in the USA are iron deficient. This double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial assessed the effects of iron supplementation on cognitive function in adolescent girls with non-anaemic iron deficiency.716 girls who enrolled at four Baltimore high schools were screened for non-anaemic iron deficiency (serum ferritin < or = 12 micrograms/L with normal haemoglobin). 98 (13.7%) girls had non-anaemic iron deficiency of whom 81 were enrolled in the trial. Participants were randomly assigned oral ferrous sulphate (650 mg twice daily) or placebo for 8 weeks. The effect of iron treatment was assessed by questionnaires and haematological and cognitive tests, which were done before treatment started and repeated after the intervention. We used four tests of attention and memory to measure cognitive functioning. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were done.Of the 81 enrolled girls with non-anaemic iron deficiency, 78 (96%) completed the study (39 in each group). Five girls (three control, two treatment) developed anaemia during the intervention and were excluded from the analyses. Thus, 73 girls were included in the per-protocol analysis. Ethnic distribution, mean age, serum ferritin concentrations, haemoglobin concentrations, and cognitive test scores of the groups did not differ significantly at baseline. Postintervention haematological measures of iron status were significantly improved in the treatment group (serum ferritin 27.3 vs 12.1 micrograms/L, p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that girls who received iron performed better on a test of verbal learning and memory than girls in the control group (p < 0.02).In this urban population of non-anaemic iron-deficient adolescent girls, iron supplementation improved verbal learning and memory.
Sickle Cell Hemoglobin (Hb AS) in Black Football Players
Authors: John R. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The prevalence of Hb AS, the sickle cell trait condition, was determined in black football players in the National Football League. Hemoglobin electrophoresis on cellulose acetate of 579 blood samples revealed 39 (6.7%) with Hb AS, 11 (1.9%) with Hb AC, 6 (1.0%) with elevated A2, and 2 samples with a combination of Hb A and a rapidly migrating hemoglobin. This prevalence of Hb AS, 6.7%, is not significantly different from that found in the black population in the United States, indicating that there has not been a selective exclusion from professional football of individuals with Hb AS due to possible limitations in physical capabilities.
Collagen changes in rheumatoid synovium
Authors: C. R. Lovell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

The synovium is normally a single or double layer of cells with a thin weave of underlying connective tissue.In rheumatoid disease the synovium becomes swollen and congested, forming villous processes.Uitto et al. have demonstrated increased proto- collagen proline hydroxylase activity (1970b) and a concomitant increase in collagen synthesis (1972) in rheumatoid as compared with normal synovium.Probably this inflammatory proliferation of synovial collagen forms an integral part of the disease process.We thought it important, therefore, to investigate the structure of collagen in normal synovium and the changes which occur in rheuma- toid disease.This paper describes our findings concerning the proportions of type I and type m collagen in normal and rheumatoid synovium and the nature of the intermolecular cross-links.Finally, the effect of D-penicillamine on rheumatoid synovial collagen will be discussed.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND WAR PROBLEMS
Authors: H. D. Dakin
Journal: BMJ (1917)

carriers among the troops.Tllus, in one regiment a carrier was discovered in the regimental kitchen.In dnothler, which had lately received reinforcements, no less tllan 96-men had to be examined before'tlhe carrier was found.Bit the source of infection was not always in the troops.The pa t of Flanders that we held was a hotbed of enteric, and many cases were found in the civil population.The searchl for these, in wllich the bacterio- logists were aided by the Belgian sanitary officer, Dr. de Wulf, and also by the Society of Friends, was very difficult.In one village cases of enteric oCcurred in three successive formations that were billeted there.No civil eases could be traced, until news was brought of a child that had been sent away to convalesce at a neighbouring farm.The clue was followed, and the family to whiclr the child belonged were identified as thle source of the ontbreak.They kept an estaminet, and sold food to the soldiers.Many carriers of -dysentery have--also been-discovered and isolated.The conditions of warfare made it far less possible to obtain contacts of cerebro-spinal fever at the front where med are eonstantly moving, than iS is at-home where a man may be stationary fr weeks.Tihei ubject ins eatremely ditiuitb, and even now the method of diagnosis that satisfies one bacteriologist is held insufficient by another.I do not remember any.instanee in whiclh we could connect two cases of the-fever as cause and effect,.or as caused by the same infection.They have been very uncommon, even under the conditions at home.As instances of tlhe examination of new or little known fornms of disease, I L may mantion trenclh fever,' investigated by Captain MeNee; spirochaetal fever,2 by Captain Adrian Stokes; gas gangrene,3 and the histology of the prevalent nephritis, by Lientenanit Dunn.4As these researclhes will no doubt be dealt witlh under their separate headings, it needs only to refer to themi lhere as examples of excellent work donie in the laboratories of the front and of tlle importance of this organization.RIEFERENCES.
A Case of Acute Pancreatitis with Methaemalbuminaemia
Authors: P. M. H. Mazumdar
Journal: BMJ (1961)

manufacturers issue a warning against the possible potentiation of the action and side-effects of pheno- thiazine compounds by amine oxidase inhibitors.However, the potentiation of toxic actions does not appear to be a very real danger.Combinations of drugs of these two groups have been used in psychiatric practice with apparent impunity (Bailey et al, 1959;Ayd, 1960;Holt et al., 1960;Gosline et al., 1960).Though the experience of many workers indicates that the danger of liver damage by pheniprazine is unequivocally less than with iproniazid, the fact that jaundice and severe hepatic damage can occur in patients treated with this drug should be taken into account when prescribing the drug.The combination of phenothiazines and mono-amine oxidase inhibitors involves a risk the potential of which has not yet been fully assessed.
Enhancement of Candida albicans killing activity of separated human epidermal cells by ultraviolet radiation
Authors: M. CSATO, ANNA SZ. KENDERESSY, A. DOBOZY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Ultraviolet irradiation enhanced the Candida albicans killing activity of freshly separated human epidermal cells in vitro. The stimulation was dose-dependent and was not due to soluble extracellular factors acting on non-irradiated epidermal cells. The enhancement of the killing activity remained unchanged when epidermal cells were depleted of Langerhans cells. Protein synthesis inhibitors and prostaglandin antagonists abrogated the ultraviolet-induced augmentation of killing activity.
Attack context: an important mediator of the relationship between psychological status and asthma outcomes
Authors: C J Greaves
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Background: The importance of psychosocial variables in asthma is increasingly recognised, although attempts to relate these to asthma outcomes often produce only weak relationships. This study aimed to identify whether such relationships might be obscured by the effects of recent asthma experience on psychological status. Methods: An adult community sample of 37 patients who had suffered a recent attack of asthma and 37 with stable asthma were given measures of panic fear and control confidence. The relationship with subsequent emergency service use was examined using two way ANOVA and correlational analyses. Covariate influences (psychiatric morbidity, age, sex, treatment level, asthma duration, social status) were considered. Results: Control confidence predicted emergency service use in different ways for recent attack and stable asthma patients. This interaction was highly significant (F(1,69) = 10.32, p&lt;0.005) with high confidence relating to an increased risk of an attack in the recent attack group and low confidence relating to increased risk for the stable asthma group. There was also an interaction between panic fear and attack context (F(1,69) = 11.05, p&lt;0.005) with low panic fear resulting in more attacks for recent attack cases. Conclusions: Attack context (having a recent attack) is an important mediator of psychological status. Strong cognitive/affective responses to attacks may motivate improved self-care and this represents a window of opportunity for self-care interventions. Weak cognitive/affective responses to attacks may reflect denial and require different intervention approaches. For those with recently stable asthma the relationships are qualitatively and quantitatively different, and the implications for intervention are also discussed.
Constant mitochondrial DNA levels in blood leukocytes of patients enrolled in a NRTI-free therapeutic trial (BIKS-2 study)
Authors: B. Amellal, C. Allavena, E. André-Garnier, V. Ferré, M.A. Valantin, J.F. Delfraissy, A. Lafeuillade, M. Bonmarchand, V. Calvez, F. Raffi
Journal: Journal of Infection (2007)
Improved Clearability of Cystic Fibrosis Sputum with Dextran Treatment <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: WEI FENG, HEATHER GARRETT, DAVID P. SPEERT, MALCOLM KING
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Most patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Dextran exhibits antiadhesive effects in preventing attachment of P. aeruginosa to epithelial cells (1). The initial purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of dextran to alter the rheology and ciliary transportability of CF sputum prior to initiation of a clinical trial in patients with CF. Sputum samples were collected from 25 patients with CF not receiving rhDNase therapy for use in in vitro testing. Aliquots of CF sputum were treated with 10% vol. Ringer's or the same volume of Dextran 4000 to give a final concentration of 0.4% (4 mg/ml) or 4% (40 mg/ml) dextran in the sputum. Dog mucus samples were collected from seven healthy, anesthetized dogs from the endotracheal tube cuff. Aliquots of dog mucus were subjected to the same concentrations of dextran as the CF sputum. All treated samples were incubated for 30 min at 37 ° C, and their rheologic properties (viscoelasticity) were evaluated by magnetic microrheometry. For 17 of the sputum samples, frog palate mucociliary transportability was determined from sputum movement on the ciliated, mucus-depleted frog palate, relative to native frog mucus control. Spinnability (cohesiveness) was evaluated by the filancemeter technique for eight sputum samples. Overall, whether for CF sputum or healthy dog mucus, Dextran 4000 treatment significantly reduced viscoelasticity and increased predicted mucociliary and cough clearability. Direct measurements of sputum mucociliary clearability on frog palate increased significantly with 0.4% dextran and 4% dextran compared with saline control. Sputum spinnability (cohesiveness) decreased significantly with both dextran concentrations, too. The effects on viscoelasticity and spinnability were greater at 4% than at 0.4%. There was a significant positive correlation between spinnability and viscoelasticity, and negative relationships between spinnability and both forms of clearability as predicted from viscoelastic measurements. This study suggests that treatment with Dextran 4000 can reduce the crosslink density and cohesiveness of CF and improve mucociliary and cough clearability. Dextran 4000 is an inexpensive and nontoxic agent that may be of benefit in patients with CF lung disease and perhaps in other respiratory disease where mucus retention is an important feature.
Crohn's Disease: Aetiology, Clinical Manifestations and Management
Authors: Daniel H. Winship
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The etiology of Crohn's disease is still unknown; the pathology of the disease is becoming better and better understood; specific therapies are elusive, although recent clinical trials indicate that benefit can be expected in at least some of the cases of the disease. In this brief volume, the current status of Crohn's disease is well described. The authors are among the most authoritative of all the persons working in the field. Their expertise ranges from basic experimental pathology to a broad understanding of clinical management of this complex disorder, and they have been erudite and fair in their presentation of the material. Especially valuable is their discussion of the current status of work toward the possibility of an infectious cause for the disease. One major flaw detracts from the volume, however. The actual text pages of the book number 93. Of these, the authors have devoted 11 pages to a
Burden of infectious diseases in South Asia
Authors: Anita K M Zaidi, Shally Awasthi, H Janaka deSilva
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Infectious diseases are a major cause of death in South Asia, with children incurring a disproportionate share of the burden. This review discusses the underlying causes of some of the more common diseases and strategies to improve their detection and control 

Preventable infections are a major cause of deaths and disabilities in South Asia. Over two thirds of the estimated 3.7 million deaths in children in South Asia in the year 2000 were attributable to infections such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, and measles.1 2 India now has the second largest population with AIDS and HIV infection in the world, and tuberculosis and chronic hepatitis continue to threaten the lives of millions. Of the overall burden of deaths related to infectious disease in the region, around 63% are in children aged under 5 years.3 Serious effort should be devoted to the control of infectious disease if South Asian countries are to meet their millennium development goal of two thirds reduction in child mortality by 2015.

Sri Lanka alone among South Asian countries has made remarkable progress in reducing the burden of infectious disease, despite civil war and meagre resources.

This review describes the burden of infectious diseases of public health importance in South Asia, the underlying risk factors, and strategies to improve detection and control.

We searched PubMed and the databases of the World Health Organization and Unicef for information on infectious diseases of public health importance in South Asia. We also reviewed the bibliographies of key references and reviews for relevant information.

People in South Asia are at a higher risk of developing infectious diseases and dying from their illness than people in industrialised countries.3 The root causes are poverty and its associated problems of unhygienic living conditions, malnutrition, illiteracy, and poor access to clean water, toilet facilities, …
25 NON-RANDOM GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF INCIDENT M2 α?TI-MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIBODIES IN FRANCE. ARE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS?
Authors: C. Corpechot, S. Meurisse, F. Gaouar, O. Chazouillères, C. Johanet, F. Carrat, R. Poupon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Abstract 3285: Ang-2-VEGF CrossMab, a novel bispecific human IgG1 antibody blocking VEGF-A and Ang-2 function mediates potent anti-tumoral and anti-angiogenic efficacy
Authors: Markus Thomas, Werner Scheuer, Jörg Thomas Regula, Monika Bähner, Jürgen Michael Schanzer, Rebecca Croasdale, Christian Gassner, Guy Georges, Hubert Kettenberger, Harald Dürr, Sabine Imhof-Jung, Manfred Schwaiger, Kay-Gunnar Stubenrauch, Michael K. Weidner, Wolfgang Schäfer, Christian Klein
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract VEGF-A blockade has been validated clinically as a treatment for human cancers. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) expression has been shown to function as a key regulator of blood vessel remodeling and tumor angiogenesis. In tumors Ang-2 is up-regulated and a bad prognostic factor. Recent data demonstrated that Ang-2 inhibitors, both as a single agent or in combination with chemo- or anti-VEGF therapy mediate anti-tumoral effects. We have recently described a novel generic method for the production of bivalent bispecific human IgG1 antibodies (CrossMabs) based on the crossover of the CH1 and CL domains within the Fab region of one half of a bispecific antibody combined with the knobs-into-holes technology to enforce heterodimerization of the Fc portion. Subsequently, we have applied the CrossMab technology for the generation of a bispecific antibody recognizing VEGF-A with one arm based on bevacizumab and recognizing Ang-2 with the other arm based on LC06, a highly Ang-2 selective human IgG1 antibody. The Ang-2-VEGF CrossMAb could be produced with good yields and purity by eukaryotic. Surface Plasmon resonance studies showed that the two different arms of the Ang-2-VEGF CrossMab retained their antigen binding affinity for VEGF-A and Ang-2 and interfered with VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation and Ang-2 induced Tie2-phosphorylation in a similar manner than the parental antibodies. Crossmab showed very potent tumor growth inhibition in orthotopic (KPL-4) and in subcutaneous xenograft tumors (Colo205). In the orthotopic KPL-4 and the s.c. Colo205 xenograft we observed a strong inhibition of angiogenesis by ex vivo analysis. In the VEGF-induced cornea pocket assay Crossmab resulted in a complete shutdown of angiogenesis. We have generated a bispecific human IgG1 antibody blocking VEGF-A and Ang-2 function simultaneously. Our data indicate that the Ang-2-VEGF CrossMab mediates potent anti-tumoral, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic efficacy and represents a promising therapeutic agent for the therapy of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3285. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3285
Reduced Coronary Artery and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Hispanics With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Peter D. Reaven, Jerome Sacks
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To compare lifestyle factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) and abdominal aortic calcium (AAC) levels in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW) individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We recently demonstrated in a small group of nonreferred, healthy, nondiabetic subjects that CAC was reduced in Hispanics compared with NHWs, despite a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile. In this study, we evaluated whether this ethnic disparity in vascular calcification was present in individuals with type 2 diabetes and in several different arterial beds. Hispanic and NHW subjects (n = 245) with type 2 diabetes were evaluated for cardiovascular risk factors using questionnaires and assays of plasma biomarkers. CAC and AAC were measured by electron-beam computer-assisted tomography. RESULTS—Although Hispanics were slightly younger than NHWs, other standard risk factors and novel cardiovascular risk factors, including plasminogen activator-1 and fibrinogen levels, were similar between the groups. Despite the similar risk factor profile, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mean and median levels of CAC and AAC were lower in Hispanics. Furthermore, the distribution of these calcium scores differed from that of NHWs (P &amp;lt; 0.05), with significantly fewer Hispanic subjects having high CAC or AAC scores. These differences were not explained by differences in CVD prevalence or any measured lifestyle or risk factor. CONCLUSIONS—Hispanics with type 2 diabetes have reduced CAC and AAC levels compared with NHW subjects, suggesting a reduction in the overall burden of vascular calcification and atherosclerosis. These data are consistent with the notion that Hispanics are protected against the development of CVD.
Tumor suppressor death-associated protein kinase is required for full IL-1β production
Authors: Ya-Ting Chuang, Yu-Chuan Lin, Kuan-Hung Lin, Ting-Fang Chou, Wen-Chih Kuo, Kai-Ting Yang, Pei-Rung Wu, Ruey-Hwa Chen, Adi Kimchi, Ming-Zong Lai
Journal: Blood (2010)
Dermatitis herpetiformis and Sjoogren's syndrome
Authors: N.G. FRASER, A.G.R. RENNIE, D. DONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Journal Article Dermatitis herpetiformis and Sjoögren's syndrome Get access N.G. FRASER, N.G. FRASER Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Department of Ophtalomology, Woodend General Hospital, Aberdeen and Department of Pathology, University of Aberdeen Dr N.G.Fraser, Dermatology, University Medical Buildings, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.G.R. RENNIE, A.G.R. RENNIE Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Department of Ophtalomology, Woodend General Hospital, Aberdeen and Department of Pathology, University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. DONALD D. DONALD Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Department of Ophtalomology, Woodend General Hospital, Aberdeen and Department of Pathology, University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 100, Issue 2, 1 February 1979, Pages 213–215, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1979.tb05563.x Published: 01 February 1979