tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Large-scale genome-wide association studies in east Asians identify new genetic loci influencing metabolic traits
Authors: Young Jin Kim, Min Jin Go, Cheng Hu, Chang Bum Hong, Yun Kyoung Kim, Ji Young Lee, Joo-Yeon Hwang, Ji Hee Oh, Dong-Joon Kim, Nam Hee Kim, Soeui Kim, Eun Jung Hong, Ji-Hyun Kim, Haesook Min, Yeonjung Kim, Rong Zhang, Weiping Jia, Yukinori Okada, Atsushi Takahashi, Michiaki Kubo, Toshihiro Tanaka, Naoyuki Kamatani, Koichi Matsuda, Taesung Park, Bermseok Oh, Kuchan Kimm, Daehee Kang, Chol Shin, Nam H Cho, Hyung-Lae Kim, Bok-Ghee Han, Jong-Young Lee, Yoon Shin Cho
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Inhibition of the B Cell by CD22: A Requirement for Lyn
Authors: Kenneth G.C. Smith, David M. Tarlinton, Gina M. Doody, Margaret L. Hibbs, Douglas T. Fearon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Mice in which the Lyn, Cd22, or Shp-1 gene has been disrupted have hyperactive B cells and autoantibodies. We find that in the absence of Lyn, the ability of CD22 to become tyrosine phosphorylated after ligation of mIg, to recruit SHP-1, and to suppress mIg-induced elevation of intracellular [Ca2+] is lost. Therefore, Lyn is required for the SHP-1–mediated B cell suppressive function of CD22, accounting for similarities in the phenotypes of these mice.
Summary of the National Toxicology Program benzidine dye initiative.
Authors: D L Morgan, J K Dunnick, T Goehl, M P Jokinen, H B Matthews, E Zeiger, J H Mennear
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The benzidine dye initiative is a research program established by the National Toxicology Program to generate an integrated body of scientific information regarding the potential health risks associated with exposure to benzidine- and benzidine-congener-derived dyes. Because an in-depth evaluation of each of the hundreds of benzidine-congener-derived dyes was considered impractical, the research program was designed to study the metabolism and disposition, genetic toxicity, and in vivo toxicity and carcinogenicity of two primary benzidine congeners, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, and a select group of prototypical dyes derived from those amines. It was anticipated that by applying the basic information generated in these extensive studies, it would be possible to make regulatory decisions about other dyes after conducting only a minimal number of experiments such as studies of disposition and metabolism, and in vitro mutagenicity. This paper summarizes the results of studies conducted to evaluate the metabolism, disposition, mutagenicity, toxicity, and carcinogenicity of representative benzidine congeners and derived dyes.
Nosocomial Meningitis and Bacteremia Due to Contaminated Amphotericin B
Authors: Felix A. Sarubbi
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Nosocomial Gram-negative bacillary meningitis and bacteremia occurred in a patient who was receiving intrathecal and intravenous amphotericin B. An epidemiologic investigation found the amphotericin B to be contaminated with<i>Enterobacter agglomerans, Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>, and<i>P aeruginosa</i>. These contaminants were traced to a lot of sodium phosphate buffer that was added to all intrathecal and intravenous amphotericin B preparations. The phosphate buffer underwent prolonged storage at room temperature and was not subject to terminal sterilization nor sterility testing. This parenteral admixture prepared in the hospital is now steam autoclaved and sterility tested before use. (<i>JAMA</i>239:416-418, 1978)
Case of Popliteal Aneurism Cured by Voluntary Flexion of the Leg in about Thirty-Six Hours
Authors: T. Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1872)

of the vagus, or else radiating in the same tract from a focus in the neighbourhood of the quadrigeminal bodies. .The analogy of epilepsy, which is supposed to have its point of departure in a tendency to ex- plosive discharge in the motor tract of the medulla oblongata, lends support to this view.I am not at all disposed to deny that disorders of local circulation occur in the course of megrim, and that the implication of the sympa- thetic may play an important part in their production ; but I regard them among the least constant and regular of the phenomena, and certainly not as essential and as the cause of the rest.
University Group Diabetes Program Revisited
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Important findings of medical research, especially those supported by general tax revenues, should be made known to the public as well as to the medical profession. However, both the public and the profession are entitled to an accurate account, and any speculation that goes beyond what can be firmly supported by the data should be curtailed. An article by the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP) in the July 7, 1978, issue ofThe Journaland a news story based on that article in the<i>Wall Street Journal</i>on July 5 have reopened a bitter controversy that could be harmful to patients and physicians if not placed in a proper perspective. The article inThe Journalcompares macrovascular complications in adult-onset, non-insulin-dependent diabetics who were divided into three groups: one received a placebo, one a fixed dose of insulin, and one a variable dose of insulin that was adjusted to keep
Myocardial contractile force at high coronary arterial oxygen tension in dogs
Authors: K. ISHIKAWA, K. KANAMASA, T. YAMAKADO, Y. KOHASHI, S. OTANI, T. HAYASHI, R. KATORI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

In 34 mongrel dogs, the left anterior descending coronary artery was perfused with the dog's own femoral arterial blood at a constant flow rate and the myocardial contractile force was measured using a myocardial strain gauge arch. When the femoral arterial blood was oxygenated (pO2 61.7 kPa (463 mmHg)) using an artificial lung, so that the perfused myocardium became hyperoxic, the myocardial contractile force was increased by 11.1 +/- 2.3%. When the perfusion rate was reduced by approximately 20%, there was a smaller increase in myocardial contractile force, 8.0 +/- 2.3%. If, in addition, oxygen inhalation was performed the myocardial contractile force decreased by 4.1 +/- 2.1%. In 10 mongrel dogs, the carotid arteries were perfused at a constant flow rate with femoral arterial blood from a donor dog. Oxygen inhalation by the donor dog caused a reduction in the myocardial contractile force of the experimental dog of 5.9 +/- 1.6%. It is suggested that oxygen has a direct effect in increasing myocardial contractile force. This increase is counteracted by oxygen-induced coronary vasoconstriction in some part and by a neurohumoral effect or suppression of chemoreceptor activity.
Impact of cirrhosis on the development of experimental hepatic metastases by B16F1 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Ke Qi, Hongming Qiu, Dongfeng Sun, Gerald Y. Minuk, Michael Lizardo, John Rutherford, William F. Orr
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Metastases rarely occur in human livers with cirrhosis in clinical studies. We postulated that this phenomenon would also occur in experimental cirrhosis. Cirrhosis was established in C57BL/6 mice by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) gastrogavage. B16F1 melanoma cells were injected into the mesenteric vein to induce hepatic metastases. Contrary to our postulate, there was greater than 4-fold increase in metastasis in animals with cirrhosis compared to controls. Intravital videomicroscopy showed that the hepatic sinusoids were narrower and more tumor cells were retained in the terminal portal vein (TPV) in cirrhotic livers. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of vascular adhesion molecules was significantly increased in cirrhosis. Using confocal microscopy and the fluorescent nitric oxide (NO) probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate, a significantly lower level of NO release was detected in livers with cirrhosis both in basal conditions and after tumor cell arrest. Eight hours after mesenteric vein tumor cell injection, the percentage of apoptotic tumor cells in the sinusoids was 17% ± 2% in livers with cirrhosis and 30% ± 5% in normal livers. More mitotic and Ki-67 labeled tumor cells were seen in livers with cirrhosis. In conclusion , the changes in architecture and adhesion molecule expression in livers with cirrhosis may cause more tumor cells to arrest in the TPV. Lower levels of NO production may reduce apoptosis of B16F1 cells in livers with cirrhosis. As a result, these changes may promote the growth of metastasis in this cirrhotic model. (Hepatology 2004.)
Contrasting effects of the intermittent and continuous administration of heparin in experimental restenosis.
Authors: E R Edelman, M J Karnovsky
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Heparin inhibits proliferation of smooth muscle cells in culture and intimal hyperplasia in experimental animals but paradoxically exacerbates vascular injury in clinical trials. To determine whether the difference in the means by which heparin was administered explained the benefit in animals and aggravation in humans, we examined the vascular effects of a range of heparin treatments. METHODS AND RESULTS When laboratory rats were injected subcutaneously with heparin (55.5 IU, approximately 1.0 mg/kg) per clinical trial protocols, intimal hyperplasia after arterial injury was exacerbated rather than alleviated. The intima to media area ratio was increased 22.5% with every-other-day injections and was increased 16.8% with daily injections. When the daily dose of heparin was increased to 7.2 mg/kg or when injections were initiated a week before injury, intimal hyperplasia was made even worse (52.2% and 59.9% above control). Twice-daily heparin, 7 and 17 hours apart, had no demonstrable effect one way or the other, and it was not until the heparin was administered at 12-hour intervals that intimal hyperplasia and cell proliferation were lessened (44.6% decrease). The greatest reduction in intimal hyperplasia was obtained when the heparin was administered continuously. The continuous osmotic pump intravenous infusion of heparin inhibited 62.5% of the expected proliferation, and perivascular polymeric device release of heparin blocked the response by 74.2%. While subcutaneous injections transiently increased activated partial thromboplastin time, neither mode of continuous delivery altered coagulation. CONCLUSIONS We might reconsider the use of heparin in vascular diseases and not neglect this promising compound because of inappropriate extrapolation from the laboratory to clinical use.
Needed: Review Articles with More Scientific Rigor
Authors: EDWARD J. HUTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Editorials1 March 1987Needed: Review Articles with More Scientific RigorEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.EDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-3-470_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe paper by Mulrow in this issue ( 1 ) makes clear the frequent defects of review articles when they are judged by standards for adequate scientific evidence. The fault is not that of their authors alone. Editors, including those of this journal, must share blame for the defects Mulrow reports; editors are responsible for judging the adequacy of evidence in papers they accept for publication.The defects pointed out by Mulrow are not without remedies, and the greater value of her paper lies not in exposing the defects but in recommending what future authors should do. Her recommendations certainly...references1. MULROW C. The medical review article: state of the science. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:484-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.Affiliations: Annals of Internal Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHow I came to write papers for clinicians in the late 1980s about improving the quality of reviewsMeasurement accuracy and uncertainty in plant biomechanicsSome improvements are apparent in identifying adverse effects in systematic reviews from 1994 to 2011The Use of Meta-analysis in PharmacoepidemiologyThe move toward setting scientific standards for the content of medical review articlesPoor reporting and inadequate searches were apparent in systematic reviews of adverse effectsPlanning of clinical trialsRole of meta-analysis of clinical trials for Alzheimer's diseaseHelping Physicians To Keep Abreast of the Medical Literature: Medical and Philosophical Commentaries, 1773–1795Iain Chalmers, FRCPEdin and Ulrich Tröhler, MD, PhDSystematic Reviews Depend on Systematic Literature SearchesThe management of established postherpetic neuralgia: a comparison of the quality and content of traditional vs. systematic reviewsOutcome after general or regional anaesthesia in high-risk patientsO neurologista e a literatura médica: o processo de educação interminávelReview Articles and Disclosure of MethodsMeta-Analysis: Whither Narrative Review?JGIM manuscript review policies 1 March 1987Volume 106, Issue 3Page: 470-471KeywordsForecasting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunology of Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Thomas G. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This multiauthored text is intended to serve as "a source of references to current literature on various aspects of the basic and clinical immunology of rheumatic diseases." It certainly exceeds this goal, even though it is neither a textbook about rheumatology nor an immunologic laboratory manual. The contributors include 35 American and 15 European scientists. It is organized in five sections and 30 chapters, which range from basic immunologic mechanisms to experimental clinical therapy. Immunologic mechanisms and their proved or postulated relationships to rheumatic diseases are covered thoroughly. In vitro, animal, and clinical observations are given equal attention and are appropriately correlated. Most of the information about some diseases is concentrated within a chapter (eg, scleroderma, vasculitis), while for others it is scattered among the chapters that address the particular immunologic aspects of that disease (eg, ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis). More information is presented than the reader might anticipate from the
A GLIMPSE OF IRISH SURGERY.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The wear and tear incident to a large hospital practice, the fatigue following the work during a long college session, and the unrest attending the demands of a progressive and exacting profession made it absolutely necessary for me, this year, to tear myself away from my sphere of activity and transplant myself to some foreign country to seek a much needed mental rest. I selected for this purpose Ireland, Norway and Sweden. It was my object to combine recreation with a study of the clinical advantages to be found in these countries. After an unusually smooth passage of less than seven days, on one of the palatial Cunard ocean greyhounds, I landed at Queenstown Saturday, July 13. At this time of the year, Ireland is at its best, the deep green of the lawns and meadows imparting to the landscape a most pleasing aspect. The stranger here has no difficulty
Blood Samples for Progeria Study
Authors: W. TED BROWN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1979Blood Samples for Progeria StudyW. TED BROWN, M.D., PH.D.W. TED BROWN, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-3-445_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and The Sloan-Kettering Institute are studying patients with progeria and Werner's syndrome. These studies require a small sample of heparinized blood. We can transport such a sample from any area of the United States for study in our laboratories. If progeric patients cannot give a fresh blood sample or have died, a 2- to 3-ml serum specimen would be helpful.Please contact Dr. Ted Brown; New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center; 525 East 68 Street; New York, NY 10021; or call collect (212)472-8070.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1979Volume 90, Issue 3Page: 445-445KeywordsBlood Issue Published: 1 March 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Febrile Syndrome during Prolonged Hydralazine Treatment for Hypertension
Authors: Isidore A. Feder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE beneficial effects of the treatment of hypertension with hydralazine hydrochloride (Apresoline) were described by Taylor et al.1 in 1952. The drug apparently decreases arterial pressure by inhibition of cerebral pressor activity; it temporarily increases renal blood flow without altering the glomerular filtration rate. Serious untoward toxic effects have been reported by Kaufman,2 Morrow, Schroeder and Perry,3 Schroeder and his associates4 and Grob and Langford.5 Dustan and his co-workers6 discussed 13 of 139 patients treated with hydralazine who, after prolonged treatment with large doses, manifested a syndrome that, in its milder phase, resembled early rheumatoid arthritis and, in its severer . . .
Hospital: The Unseen Demands of Delivering Medical Care
Authors: William R. Best
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Data support extended use of levonorgestrel intrauterine systems
Authors: D. Mansour, J. Guillebaud
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (Mirena), a useful addition to contraceptive choice, is now approaching its third anniversary.

In the United Kingdom the product licence for the levonorgestrel intrauterine system permits its use for three years. In all other countries where the system is marketed, however, its use is approved for five years. There is good evidence to support this longer duration,1 and indeed the system seems to remain effective for as long as …
Inhalable Metal-Rich Air Particles and Histone H3K4 Dimethylation and H3K9 Acetylation in a Cross-sectional Study of Steel Workers
Authors: Laura Cantone, Francesco Nordio, Lifang Hou, Pietro Apostoli, Matteo Bonzini, Letizia Tarantini, Laura Angelici, Valentina Bollati, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz, Pier A. Bertazzi, Andrea Baccarelli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Epidemiology investigations have linked exposure to ambient and occupational air particulate matter (PM) with increased risk of lung cancer. PM contains carcinogenic and toxic metals, including arsenic and nickel, which have been shown in in vitro studies to induce histone modifications that activate gene expression by inducing open-chromatin states. Whether inhalation of metal components of PM induces histone modifications in human subjects is undetermined.We investigated whether the metal components of PM determined activating histone modifications in 63 steel workers with well-characterized exposure to metal-rich PM.We determined histone 3 lysine 4 dimethylation (H3K4me2) and histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) on histones from blood leukocytes. Exposure to inhalable metal components (aluminum, manganese, nickel, zinc, arsenic, lead, iron) and to total PM was estimated for each study subject.Both H3K4me2 and H3K9ac increased in association with years of employment in the plant (p-trend = 0.04 and 0.006, respectively). H3K4me2 increased in association with air levels of nickel [β = 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-0.3], arsenic (β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.02-0.3), and iron (β = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.01-0.26). H3K9ac showed nonsignificant positive associations with air levels of nickel (β = 0.24; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.51), arsenic (β = 0.21; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.48), and iron (β = 0.22; 95% CI, -0.03 to 0.47). Cumulative exposures to nickel and arsenic, defined as the product of years of employment by metal air levels, were positively correlated with both H3K4me2 (nickel: β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01-0.3; arsenic: β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03-0.29) and H3K9ac (nickel: β = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.01-0.54; arsenic: β = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.04-0.51).Our results indicate histone modifications as a novel epigenetic mechanism induced in human subjects by long-term exposure to inhalable nickel and arsenic.
Food allergy in atopic eczema II. Response of children and adults to hypoallergenic diets
Authors: V.S. Neild, J.A. Bailes, D. Armstrong, R.A. Marsden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

The role of food allergy in atopic eczema remains controversial. There are no simple tests and the diagnosis is based upon the response to an exclusion diet, followed by open and then double‐blind challenge with the suspected foodstuff. Thirty‐eight unselected patients with atopic eczema have taken part in such a study and i8 of the 35 patients who completed 3 weeks on an empirical diet (excluding egg, milk, chicken, beef, fish, wheat, citrus and berry fruits, colouring and preservatives, chocolate and nuts) improved. Only one often non‐responders was later helped by a much stricter oligo‐allergenic diet suggesting that this empirical diet excludes most relevant foodstuffs and is suitable for routine use. All 18 responders proceeded to re‐introduced individual excluded foods at weekly intervals; nine of these patients failed to react unequivocally to any food in the re‐introduction phase. In the other nine responders open challenges provoked definite eczematous reactions on 20 occasions with over half of these reactions being to egg, milk or chicken. The practical difficulties of conforming these observations by double‐blind challenge will be discussed. Our study suggests that although patients with atopic eczema may improve while on an exclusion diet, few show evidence of true food allergy or intolerance judged by the results of open and double‐blind challenges.