tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prophylaxis for Infective Endocarditis
Authors: JAMES M. COHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1986Prophylaxis for Infective EndocarditisJAMES M. COHEN, M.D.JAMES M. COHEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-2-299_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the March issue, Dr. Kaye (1) describes various situations in which prophylaxis for infective endocarditis is recommended. As a medical oncologist, I have run into a new category of patient for which no apparent information exists. I currently am caring for a 63-year-old woman who has a prosthetic mitral valve and also metastatic carcinoma of the breast. She had a Port-A-Cath (Pharmacia Hospital Products, Piscataway, New Jersey) inserted and connected to a silastic catheter, which lies within the superior vena cava. On a monthly basis, a Huber needle is inserted through the skin into the Port-A-Cath...Reference1. KAYE D. Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis: an update. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:419-23. LinkGoogle Scholar1. KAYE D Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:419-23. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCHELDSANDE WM. Endocarditis and intravascular infections. In: MANDELL GL, DOUGLAS RG, BENNETT JE. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1985:515. Google Scholar1. SCHELDSANDE WM. Endocarditis and intravascular infections. In: MANDELL GL, DOUGLAS RG, BENNETT JE. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1985;504-30. Google Scholar2. KARCHMER A. Staphylococcal endocarditis: laboratory and clinical basis for antibiotic therapy. Am J Med. 1985;78(6B):116-27. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CRAVENRIXINGERGOULARTE DAT. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia linked to intravenous drug abusers using a shooting gallery. Am J Med. 1986;80:770-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MARKOWITZSARAVOLATZPOHLOD NLD. Comparative efficacy and toxicity of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus vancomycin in the therapy of serious S. aureus infections [Abstract 638]. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology; 1983. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oncology Associates of South Florida P.A.; Hollywood, FL 33021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAntimicrobial Prophylaxis for Wounds and Procedures in the Emergency DepartmentEndocarditis in the emergency department 1 August 1986Volume 105, Issue 2Page: 299-300KeywordsCathetersEndocarditisProphylaxis Issue Published: 1 August 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Decreased renal excretion of soluble interleukin-2 receptor α after treatment with daclizumab
Authors: Cornelis G. ter Meulen, Joop H.C. Göertz, Ina S. Klasen, Carla M.T.A. Verweij, Luuk B. Hilbrands, Jack F.M. Wetzels, Andries J. Hoitsma
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Effect of Programmed Endoscopic Follow-up Examinations on the Rebleeding Rate of Gastric or Duodenal Peptic Ulcers Treated by Injection Therapy: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: H. Messmann, P. Schaller, T. Andus, G. Lock, W. Vogt, V. Gross, H. Zirngibl, K.-H. Wiedmann, T. Lingenfelser, K. Bauch, H. G. Leser, J. Schölmerich, A. Holstege
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

Background and Study Aims: A second-look endoscopy is often performed to evaluate the efficacy of a prior injection therapy in patients with bleeding peptic gastric or duodenal ulcers. Although this strategy is widely established, it does not rely on unequivocal data from controlled studies. In a prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter trial we assessed the effect of programmed endoscopic follow-up examinations with eventual retreatment on the outcome of bleeding ulcers in these patients.
Who Shall Study Medicine?
Authors: Roy H. Hart
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  I do not think Dr Blum's article adds anything to improving the selections process to medical school. The compleat medical student is a rara avis in today's world, and our national pluralistic mix does not lend itself readily to single-channel solutions. Otherwise one might ask, why not require a bachelor's degree in engineering? After all, the physician of the 1990s, maybe even of 1985, will be walled in by computers and all sorts of electronic gadgetry.  Dr Blum is too certain of his preference for the student with a B—in organic chemistry who has directed a neighborhood clean-up project over the know-it-all who would have received his A anyway, but who spent all of his time competing for it. Maybe the latter played lacrosse for his college or fraternity, was the local chess champion, or taught stock-market theory at night to middle-class adults. Dr Blum's brand
New Hope for Stroke Victims
Authors: F. T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1960)

It would be hard to quarrel with the logic of this book. The author notes that strokes due to hemorrhage of the brain are the third most common cause of death in the United States. Since accurate diagnosis must precede treatment, all the resources of electroencephalography, pneumoencephalography, and angiography should be available in every case. Since all diagnostic methods are unreliable and some extremely dangerous when attempted by uncritical, ill-trained personnel, it is hard to escape the author's conclusion that "regional stroke centers should be set up during the next few years with the sole purpose of devoting their facilities to urgent problems of cerebrovascular disease." It is necessary, however, to find fault with the author's mode of presentation. In a book so clearly intended for the general public, the use of the pronoun "I" in describing the author's techniques seems inappropriate. There is also something painfully resembling the old
Inequalities in health: the value of sex-related indicators.
Authors: Romualdo Benigni
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

My laboratory has previously shown that the sex differences in tumor incidence in Europe can be related to the female social condition and that the pattern of this relationship varies according to the different historical contexts. In this article, I have extended the study worldwide to all cancer registries, and I present the sex differences in life expectancy at birth. A close link between the health of the populations and socioeconomic and cultural factors was confirmed. The sex-related indicators had a distribution independent from the parent variables cancer incidence and life expectancy; thus, they carry complementary information and provide an additional, sensitive probe for monitoring the health of the populations.
Evidence for a role of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in hepatitis C: A prospective study
Authors: Pierre Bedossa, Rami Moucari, Emna Chelbi, Tarik Asselah, Valerie Paradis, Michel Vidaud, Dominique Cazals‐Hatem, Nathalie Boyer, Dominique Valla, Patrick Marcellin
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Although steatosis is a common histological feature in chronic hepatitis C (CHC), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not yet been clearly characterized in this context. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the characteristics of patients with NASH and CHC. Biopsies were categorized as CHC alone (178 patients [57%]), CHC+steatosis (94 patients [34%]), or CHC+NASH (24 patients [9%]). Patients with CHC+NASH had significantly higher AST and triglyceride levels and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or total cholesterol than patients with CHC+steatosis. They also showed more steatosis and higher METAVIR fibrosis stage than patients with CHC+steatosis. Genotype 3 was more frequent in patients with CHC+NASH than in patients with CHC+steatosis or CHC alone. Patients with genotype 3 and CHC+NASH were similar to those with CHC+steatosis or with CHC alone according to triglyceride or the homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), whereas in patients with genotype 1, HOMA-IR and triglyceride increased progressively from CHC alone to CHC+steatosis to CHC+NASH. In multivariate analysis, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were predictors of NASH in patients with genotype 1, whereas in patients with genotype 3, AST was the only predictor.Patients with CHC+NASH differ significantly from those with CHC+steatosis and CHC alone in terms of biological and metabolic parameters and more advanced histopathological lesions. NASH is more common in genotype 3 and is not associated with metabolic dysfunctions in this subgroup, suggesting that NASH may complicate steatosis in CHC irrespective of etiology of steatosis.
Abstract 5346: MiR-331-5p targets receptor EphA2 and attenuates tumor growth and migration in NSCLC.
Authors: Bhagyalaxmi Sukka-Ganesh, Kamal A. Mohammed, Frederic Kaye, Najmunnisa Nasreen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Receptor EphA2 is over expressed in NSCLC and is associated with tumor progression and poor survival. MicroRNAs (miRs) are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Dysregulated expression of miRs has been observed in variety of malignancies. However, the role of miR-331-5p in NSCLC growth and migration is not known. We hypothesized that EphrinA1 treatment promotes miR-331-5p expression in NSCLC and miR-331 may inhibit tumor growth and invasion by targeting receptor EphA2. Methods: The A-549 and H-23 NSCLC cells were treated with Ephrin-A1 for 24 hr and the miR-331-5p expression was measured by real-time PCR analysis. EphA2 protein expression was studied through Western blotting analysis. The cell proliferation was studied by WST-1 assay. The tumor formation and invasion was determined by 3-D matrigel and Wound healing assays respectively. Luciferase assay was performed to confirm miR-331-5p as one of the direct and specific target for EphA2. Results: The miR-331-5p expression was inversely correlated with EphA2 expression. Transfection of NSCLC with precursor miR-331-5p inhibited proliferation, and migration of NSCLC cells. In addition the ability of tumor colony formation was significantly inhibited when the cells were transfected with miR-331-5p precursors. We have identified predicted target binding site of EphA2 in its 3’ UTR region by miR-331-5p. This was confirmed by Luciferase assay. Over-expression of miR-331-5p in NSCLC cells repressed the endogenous levels of EphA2 protein. Conclusion: This study for the first time reports, that miR-331-5p directly regulates EphA2 mRNA and protein expression in NSCLC. MiR-331 directly binds to 3’ -UTR region of EphA2 and inhibits tumor growth and migration. Our findings also provide an insight into the regulation of EphA2 expression and suggest that miR-331-5p has the capacity to regulate signalling pathways critical for the development and progression of NSCLC. Funding: RC1 from Florida Department Health, and VA Merit Citation Format: Bhagyalaxmi Sukka-Ganesh, Kamal A. Mohammed, Frederic Kaye, Najmunnisa Nasreen. MiR-331-5p targets receptor EphA2 and attenuates tumor growth and migration in NSCLC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5346. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5346
Estradiol enhances thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter density in the apical plasma membrane of the distal convoluted tubule in ovariectomized rats.
Authors: J W Verlander, T M Tran, L Zhang, M R Kaplan, S C Hebert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Recent data suggest that sex hormones affect the thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (TSC) density or binding capacity (Chen, Z., D.A. Vaughn, and D.D. Fanestil. 1994. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5:1112-1119). Thus, we determined the effect of ovariectomy (OVX) and estrogen replacement on the ultrastructural localization of TSC in rat kidney using immunocytochemistry. Kidneys of intact female (CON) and OVX rats fed ad libitum for 6 and 9 wk or pair-fed for 9 wk were processed for transmission electron microscopy. Immunogold localization of rat TSC (rTSC1) demonstrated intense label in the apical plasma membrane of CON distal convoluted tubule (DCT). In OVX DCT, rTSC1 label and apical plasma membrane microprojections were decreased. Western blots of renal membrane protein from pair-fed CON and OVX revealed bands at 129-135 kD, but the OVX signal was reduced. Morphometric analyses demonstrated that injecting 10 microg/ kg body weight 17beta-estradiol subcutaneously 4x/wk in OVX rats restored DCT apical microprojections and label density for rTSC1. Thus, in OVX rats (a) rTSC1 immunoreactive renal membrane protein is reduced; (b) apical plasma membrane complexity and immunogold label for rTSC1 in DCT is decreased; and (c) estradiol replacement restores DCT ultrastructure and rTSC1 label to normal. We conclude that estrogen enhances the density of rTSC1 in the DCT, and may alter renal Na transport by this mechanism.
Plasma theophylline concentrations, six minute walking distances, and breathlessness in patients with chronic airflow obstruction
Authors: A J Miller, C Boroda, J. Levy
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Plasma theophylline concentrations, six minute walking distances, and breathlessness in patients with chronic airflow obstruction SIR,-While no one would argue that the in- discriminate use of any drug in any condition is unjustifiable, we have serious doubts about the value of Dr W V Evans's study of theophylline in chronic bronchitis (15 December, p 1649).We supplied theophylline and placebo to Dr Evans but were given no opportunity to dis- cuss his findings with him before publication.We do, however, possess the raw data.Our criticisms are as follows.Firstly, patients who had greater than 20%,' improvement in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) or forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) with 32 agonists were excluded from his study.Addis et al, using the Medical Research Council clinical criteria for chronic bronchitis, found a maximal response to salbutamol of 58V, in PEFR, 28% in FEV1, and 480,o in forced vital capacity (FVC), the
Image Normalization and Background Subtraction in TI-201 /Tc-99m Parathyroid Subtraction Scintigraphy Effect on Lesion Detection
Authors: WILLIAM D. ERWIN, MARK W. GROCH, AMJAD ALI, ERNEST W. FORDHAM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors have developed two computer algorithms for TI-201/Tc-99m parathyroid subtraction scintigraphy that was performed on patients who subsequently underwent surgical exploration of the neck. Both methods employed a region-of-interest drawn around the thyroid/parathyroid glands for image realignment. The first algorithm normalized the TI-201 and Tc-99m images using the ratio of maximum counts over the thyroid in each image. The second computer algorithm incorporated TI-201 image background correction and normalization by the average of the ratios of maximum counts computed over each quadrant in both images. In 10 patients with confirmed parathyroid adenomas or hyperplasia, the first method yielded a 44% sensitivity. Upon reanalysis with the second algorithm, the sensitivity improved to 100%. Subsequently, in a total of 22 patients with 30 abnormal glands analyzed with the second algorithm, a sensitivity of 80% (94% for adenoma and 62% for hyperplasia) was achieved, with a specificity of 91%, as confirmed by surgery.
Intracoronary ultrasound assessment of directional coronary atherectomy: Immediate and follow-up findings
Authors: JoséSuárez De Lezo, Miguel Romero, Alfonso Medina, Manuel Pan, Djordje Pavlovic, Ricardo Vaamonde, Enrique Hernández, Francisco Melián, Fernando López Rubio, José Marrero, José Segura, Maria Irurita, Jose A. Cabrera
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
The Male Prepuce
Authors: Andrew J. Smatko
Journal: JAMA (1961)

To the Editor:—  I was much interested in the editorial comment on the epidemiology of cancer of the cervix. It appears that the editorialist is almost convinced that smegma is the offending culprit, since he states that cancer of the penis parallels cancer of the cervix in noncircumcised populations.  I would like to point out a weakness in this theory. A circumcised man with good penile hygiene is largely free of smegma accumulation. Nevertheless, he still possesses many smegma-producing glands in the coronal sulcus. These glands are not removed by circumcision.  Secondly, the clitoris is also surrounded by a foreskin or praeputium. Numerous sebaceous ( smegma-producing) glands are present in this area. The perineal hygiene of women is, on the average, poorer than that of men because of numerous folds and the semi-hidden position of the clitoris. The vulva in the clitoral region is frequently contaminated by smegma.  Therefore, if smegma
National Health Service Act
Authors: H. H. Sanguinetti
Journal: BMJ (1947)

A total of 753 infants weighing less than 1800 g at birth were studied prospectively and their serum IgM concentrations measured within 72 hours of age. Placentas from 584 of these infants were examined histologically for chorioamnionitis. The results were correlated with chronic respiratory insufficiency. Altogether 101 infants developed chronic respiratory insufficiency of which 22 had bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 35 Wilson-Mikity syndrome. The remaining 44 infants were classified as 9unexplained chronic lung disease9. Mean serum IgM concentration for Wilson-Mikity syndrome was 1.02 g/l whereas it was 0.14 g/l for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 0.32 g/l for unexplained chronic lung disease. The incidence of chorioamnionitis was significantly higher in Wilson-Mikity syndrome (30/35) compared with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (4/16) and with infants without chronic respiratory insufficiency (145/490). Wilson-Mikity syndrome was shown to be significantly correlated with the evidences of intrauterine inflammation.
Autoimmune reaction to a liver specific membrane antigen during acute viral hepatitis.
Authors: A M Cochrane, A Moussouros, A Smith, A D Thomson, A L Eddleston, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1976)

Lymphocyte cytotoxicity for isolated hepatocytes has been demonstrated in 93% of cases of acute viral hepatitis tested within two weeks of the onset of symptoms. The frequency of cytotoxicity during this time was similar for HBsAg positive and negative cases. However, after this time it was significantly higher in HBsAg positive than negative cases, 90% and 25% respectively (P less than 0-01). Cytotoxicity was found in B-cell, but not T-cell, enriched fractions of lymphocytes, compatible with an antibody-dependent K-cell mediated reaction. In two cases the assay remained positive on retesting six months later, and follow-up liver biopsies showed the features of chronic aggressive hepatitis. These findings suggest that, in addition to the known immunological reactions against viral antigens that occur during the acute phase of viral hepatitis, an autoimmune reaction directed against a liver specific protein is also initiated; and if this reaction persists then chronic hepatitis may develop.
Physical Methods of Treating Rheumatism
Authors: M. B. Ray
Journal: BMJ (1936)

HeatFor general applications of radiant heat the patient sits or lies in a cabinet containing about forty-eight incandescent light bulbs arranged around its interior.The duration of the treatment is from fifteen minutes to half an hour.For local applications a large, high- powered lamp is generally employed, known as the " leuco- descent lamp."It can be placed over any part of the body, and is much used as a prelude to massage.If neither of the above is available an excellent substitute can be provided by making two bricks red hot in a fire and placing them at the bottom of an old bucket.Over this a limb may be supported, covered byr blankets; a knee, elbow, wrist, ankle, foot, or hand can thus be exposed to infra-red rays, which are just as efficacious as those derived from a more expensive electrical apparatus.Radiant heat or " infra-red therapy " differs from the methods of supplying heat that have so far been con- sidered in that the transfer occurs between two bodies that are not in contact.The skin is quickly reddened and a profuse flow of sweat ensues, but as this is quickly evaporated there is practically no rise of internal temperature.With the relaxation of the cutaneous vessels there is a general move- ment of blood and lymph from the deeper to the more superficial structures.Radiant heat is mostly employed for its direct analgesic effects.It is very valuable in neuralgic conditions; in fibrositic affections, such as lum- bago and other painful muscular conditions, the addition of massage is often most effective, particularly in the later stages.
Comparison of the Acute and Long-Term Effects of Exercise on Glucose Control in Type I Diabetes
Authors: B Zinman, S Zuniga-Guajardo, D Kelly
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

To determine the long-term effect of exercise training on glucose control, 13 subjects with type I diabetes and 7 control subjects performed 45 min of cycle exercise three times per wk for 12 wk. The acute blood glucose response, the long-term effect on glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose), and changes in nutrient intake were assessed. Fitness as measured by VO2 MAX increased in both control (33.8 +/- 1.7 to 43.2 +/- 3.5 ml/min/kg) and diabetic (38.7 +/- 3.3 to 46.5 +/- 3.6 ml/min/kg) (P less than 0.05) subjects although body weight remained unchanged. In the diabetic subjects, an acute glucose-lowering effect occurred with each exercise session throughout the 12-wk training period (225.8 +/- 16.1 to 148.5 +/- 16.8 mg/dl, P less than 0.001). However, fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin remained essentially unchanged (pretraining, 193.7 +/- 27.5 mg/dl and 10.7 +/- 0.3%; 6-wk training, 192.5 +/- 27.1 mg/dl and 10.7 +/- 0.03%; 12-wk training, 202 +/- 30.1 mg/dl and 10.3 +/- 0.8%). Total caloric intake as assessed by diet history increased significantly on exercising days (2569-2849 kcal, P less than 0.05). Although plasma glucose decreases acutely with exercise, increased caloric intake on exercising days obviates a long-term effect of training on glucose control. More precise guidelines and recommendations as to exercise timing and nutrient intake, likely based on self-monitoring of blood glucose, are required to achieve a beneficial effect of exercise training on metabolic control in type I diabetes.