tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of long or short FGFR-1 results in FGF-2-mediated proliferation in neonatal cardiac myocyte cultures
Authors: F Sheikh
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: The type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR-1) is the only high affinity receptor for fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in the rat myocardium, and is essential for normal growth and development of the heart. Levels of FGFR-1 are developmentally regulated, being high in embryonic cardiac myocytes. Also, FGFR-1 exists as both 'long' and 'short' isoforms, and there is a switch from predominant expression of the 'long' isoform in the embryo to the 'short' isoform in the adult heart. Both the decrease in receptor levels and the isoform switch in postnatal cardiac myocytes correlate with a loss of proliferative potential. We investigated whether an increase in either 'long' or 'short' FGFR-1 isoforms could stimulate proliferation in postnatal rat cardiac myocyte cultures. Methods and Results: Previously we cloned cDNAs corresponding to 'long' (L) and 'short' (S) FGFR-1 isoforms from embryonic mouse hearts. Hybrid FGFR-1(L) and (S) genes, directed by a myosin light chain-2 promoter and SV40 enhancer sequences, were generated and used to transiently transfect neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Overexpression of FGFR-1 mRNA and protein was detected by RNA blotting and immunocytochemistry. Ligand-crosslinking confirmed the presence of specific receptors capable of binding FGF-2 on the cell membrane. Overexpression of either FGFR-1(L) or (S) was associated with stimulation of proliferation as assessed by significant increases in bromodeoxyuridine uptake (DNA synthesis) and cell number. To determine whether this response was FGF-2 specific, the level of FGF-2 was assessed in the culture medium of cardiac myocytes overexpressing FGFR-1 isoforms. A three-fold increase was detected in the media of cardiac myocytes overexpressing either FGFR-1(L) or (S) compared to control levels. Neutralization of this FGF-2 with antibodies inhibited the proliferative response. Conclusion: Overexpression of either FGFR-1(L) or (S) resulted in an increase in FGF-2-mediated proliferation of postnatal rat cardiac myocytes.
Reduction in Motor Vehicle Fatalities Associated With an Increase in the Minimum Drinking Age
Authors: Michael D. Decker
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Motor vehicle injuries are responsible for nearly 40% of the deaths that occur among persons aged 15 through 24 years. Approximately half of these deaths involve drunk drivers. In response to the problem of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI), some states raised their minimum drinking age, increased penalties for DUI, or both. Other states vigorously resisted federal pressure to increase their drinking age, and some researchers have questioned the utility of this approach. Tennessee increased penalties for DUI in 1982 and raised the drinking age to 21 years in 1984. Alcohol-related motor vehicle deaths declined by 33% among persons aged 15 through 18 years, probably because of publicity. Our results suggest that it may be particularly important to maintain continuous, high-profile anti-DUI programs within high schools. Alcohol-related motor vehicle deaths declined 38% among persons aged 19 through 20 years; this effect appears to be attributable to the increase in drinking age and to be durable despite decreased publicity.
Viral features of lamivudine resistant hepatitis B genotypes A and D
Authors: Bernhard Zöllner, Jörg Petersen, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Josef Kletzmayr, Martina Sterneck, Lutz Fischer, Matthias Schröter, Rainer Laufs, Heinz-Hubert Feucht
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Viral differences among lamivudine resistant hepatitis B (HBV) genotypes have not been yet investigated. Therefore, we analyzed the characteristics of these viral strains in vivo . Forty-one patients carrying lamivudine resistant HBV were enrolled. Twenty-six patients (63%) carried resistant HBV genotype A (group A) and 15 patients (37%) carried resistant HBV genotype D (group D). The rate of reverse transcriptase 204I mutants was significantly higher in group D (67%) compared with group A (19%), whereas rt204V mutants (81% in group A vs 33% in group D; P = .006) and rt180M mutants (81% in group A vs 40% in group D, P = .015) prevailed in group A. The median time of shift from rt204I to rt204V mutants was significantly shorter in group A (4 months in group A, &gt;12 months in group D, P &lt; .001). Additional resistance associated mutations were detected exclusively in group D ( P = .004). In a multivariate analysis, HBV genotype ( P = .039) and pretreatment serum HBV DNA ( P = .001) were independently associated with emerging rt204I or rt204V mutants, respectively. Serum HBV copy numbers after emergence of resistance were higher in group A (mean log 10 6.99 copies/ml; range 3-9) compared with group D (mean log 10 6.1 copies/ml; range 3.3-8; P = .04). There was no difference between both groups regarding core promoter/precore mutations, viral turnover, and number of flares or disease progression during follow-up. In conclusion, the mutational pattern during selection of lamivudine resistant HBV strains differs between genotypes A and D. This may have consequences for a salvage regimen initiated for treatment of lamivudine resistant HBV. (Hepatology 2004;39:42-50.)
Flirting with CFTR modifier genes at happy hour
Authors: Marc Blondel
Journal: Genome Medicine (2012)

An original yeast-based phenomic model for DeltaF508 CFTR, by far the most prevalent allele of the CFTR gene responsible for cystic fibrosis, has been developed by the groups of Elizabeth A Miller and John L Hartman. This model allows potential modifier genes of the DeltaF508 CFTR allele to be uncovered. Hence, brewer's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not only needed at happy hour, it also represents an invaluable tool for human geneticists.
A COMPARISON OF THE WASSERMANN, KAHN, AND SIGMA TESTS
Authors: T. E. Osmond
Journal: BMJ (1928)

MTIrEBrrrTrqand diarrhoea.Vomitiigo was common, and chills, sweats, and headaches frequent.In most, cases the initial sym- ntorns were the severest, and the patient rapidly improved.The duration of the diarrhoea varied from a few hours in tho milder cases to four to seven days in the severest ones.Headache was rare after the first dav.In the majority of this group vomiting occurred at the outset, and continuation of tlhe vomiting was the most serious symptom encountered.Pyrexia was unusual, even in the severest cases, and the temperature was often subnormal.There was no splenic enlargement or rash.Theso authors conclude, therefore, that the disease varies from an acuto gastro-enteritis to a mild diarrhoca.The onset is sudden and pyrexia is exceptional.The course has no resemblance to enteric fever, and the character of the stools is unlike dysentery.They also consider that the inifection in this epidemic was by carriers, either acute or chronic.Dr. Pleasance2 describes a sporadic case of B. aertrycke infection occurring in a boy aged 3. Tho onset was very acute, with severe diarrhoea anid vomiting; death occurred on the seventh dav.Post mortem a largo splenic abscess was found.Subsequently a Gram-negative, actively motile bacillus was isolated in pure culture from the gall-bladder and splenic pulp, but whleni first isolated the organism was not agglutinated by the specific serums for B. para- typhosus B or B. aertrycke.Repeated subcultures were made, and twelve months after isolation the organisms agglutinated with B. paratyphosuts B and B. aertrycke antiserlims.Absorption tests were then performed and- the organism idenitified as B. aertrycke.This illustrates the fact that B. aertryc7ke can at times assume invasive powers, and it is possible that in the case here recorded this occurred to soYne extent, since from the signs and symptoms it is evident that tho organism was not confined to the alimentary tract.An epidemic is described by Dr. Burgess3 comprising 703 known cases.The incubation period was two and a half to twenty-four hours, and the onset was very sudden, with pain, vomiting, and diarrhoea.There were also pyrexia, headaches, chills, and sweats.The diarrhoea was very severe.The acute stage is stated to have lasted two to ten days, but the average was four to five days, and con- valescence was rapid.The outbreak was traced to cream used in the manufacture of cream cakes, and the organism isolated was B. aertrycke.It will therefore be seen that, with the exception of Perry and tidy's Type A, all the cases described by these authors had an acute onset with diarrhoea and vomiting, and as a rule pyrexia was not a marked feature of the condition.Dr. Savage and Mr. Bruce White" consider that Salmonella food poisoning is due, in the majority of instances, to B. aertrycke, and they assert that, in this country at least, this organism is responsible for three- quarters of the outbreaks.These authorities point out
Causes of Severe Deafness in Schoolchildren in Northumberland and Durham
Authors: M. E. Barton, S. D. Court, W. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1962)

In 1948 Lande recognized that deafness as well as choreo-athetosis and mental deficiency could follow severe neonatal jaundice.Crabtree and Gerrard (1950) reported that the degree of deafness bore no constant relationship to the extent of the extrapyramidal lesion nor to the level of intelligence and could be the only sequel to neonatal jaundice.Various authors (
TECHNIC OF STUMP INVERSION IN APPENDECTOMY.
Authors: John Egerton Cannaday
Journal: JAMA (1907)

After the completion of the incision one or two fingers are inserted and the appendix, with the cecum, is drawn out. The cecum is held by the assistant, the appendix is clamped in the jaws of a pair of hemostatic forceps applied just above the line of junction with the cecum. A second pair of forceps is applied just above the first and gradually worked upward, forcing all contents before it until it is about one-quarter of an inch above the first (Fig. 1). The blood vessels of the meso-appendix are tied off with catgut and the appendix severed as near to the edge of the first forceps as possible (Fig. 2), and the scissors, second pair of forceps and appendix are laid on a specimen tray. The stump of the appendix is lightly touched with a weak solution of iodin on a cotton-tipped applicator or a thermo-cautery is used
Tennis Leg Treatment
Authors: Eugene J. Morhous
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article "Tennis Leg" by Froimson (<b>209</b>:415, 1969) was complete with the exception of treatment. Supportive therapy is outlined but no mention is made regarding local injection of 1 cc of 2% procaine mixed with 1 cc of prednisolone suspension, 20 mg/cc, into the area of maximum tenderness, as specific treatment. This was reported eight years ago and provides dramatic relief in hours and complete disappearance of symptoms in 24 to 48 hours.<sup>1</sup>With this treatment the observation by the author, "The patient... will not be able to walk barefoot comfortably for approximately three or four weeks," will no longer be valid.
FRI0108 Correlation between Cervical and Lumbar Spinal Instability in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Y. Sugimura, N. Miyakoshi, S. Miyamoto, M. Hongo, Y. Kasukawa, Y. Shimada
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Few studies have compared rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related disorders of the cervical and lumbar spine. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objectives of this study were to examine the correlation between cervical and lumbar spinal instability in RA patients and to evaluate the associated risk factors. <h3>Methods</h3> From a total of 1,663 patients registered in the Akita Orthopedic Group on Rheumatoid Arthritis (AORA), 128 patients [111 women, 17 men; mean age, 66 (41–84) years; mean disease duration, 14 (1–63) years] who underwent a radiographic examination were enrolled in this study. In the cervical spine, we defined instability as one of the following characteristics: (1) atlantodental interval (ADI) &gt;3 mm, (2) Ranawat value &lt;13 mm on a neutral plain radiograph, or (3) anteroposterior translation &gt;3 mm at the subaxial cervical spine on an anteroposterior bending plain radiograph. In the lumbar spine, instability was defined as anteroposterior translation &gt;3 mm on a neutral plain radiograph. The association between cervical and lumbar spinal instability was examined using Mantel-Haenszel statistics. The patients were classified into two groups: with cervical and/or lumbar spinal instability and without. The independent risk factors for cervical and/or lumbar spinal instability were then determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-three (33.6%) patients exhibited cervical spinal instability, and 47 (36.7%) patients exhibited lumbar spinal instability. Twenty-two patients (17.2%) exhibited both cervical and lumbar spinal instability. Instability of the lumbar spine was significantly greater in the group with cervical spinal instability than in the group without (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.13–5.35). Cervical and/or lumbar spinal instability were significantly and independently associated with Steinbrocker9s classification stage (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.07–2.47) and disease duration (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Cervical and lumbar spinal instabilities in RA patients are correlated. Steinbrocker9s classification stage and disease duration were independent risk factors for cervical and/or lumbar spinal instability in this study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3989
The Changing Role of Radiation Oncology in Cancer Management
Authors: L. W. Brady
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1983)

Radiation oncologists have contributed greatly to the improved quality of care of the cancer patient; this has been shown repeatedly in various reports. The improvements in quality have been achieved because of a greater understanding of the natural history of cancer and a more critical evaluation of the results of clinical treatment. Increasing numbers of physicians involved in radiation oncology are participating in clinical evaluation and in multimodal programs of treatment. Major areas for future research in radiation oncology have been identified. The radiation oncologist is now a fully integrated member of the multidisciplinary cancer team participating in clinical treatment and in national cooperative clinical trials. The radiation oncologist's active participation in multidisciplinary clinical treatment programs is significantly changing the character of cancer management. Integration of new techniques of treatment, new combined programs, and greater emphasis on the efficacies of single treatment programs offer major opportunities to cure many cancers that were previously considered incurable.
Consultants consider sanctions over local pay
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Britain's senior hospital doctors are threatening to impose sanctions if the government persists with its proposals for local performance related pay. At last week's meeting of the BMA's Central Consultants and Specialists Committee (CCSC) no one opposed proposals from its sanctions working party to take action on two fronts.

Firstly, consultants would insist on treating all patients on the basis of clinical need regardless of whether they were being treated under contract with the trust. This procedure would bypass any two tier systems that give priority for non-urgent treatment to patients of general practice fundholders or to patients being treated under the waiting list initiative. The CCSC believes that the public would understand this action, which would improve …
776-1 Selective Down-regulation of Angiotensin II AT 1 Receptors in Failing Human Heart: Relationship to β 1 -Receptor Down-regulation
Authors: Koji Asano, Wayne Minobe, Kelli D. Mitchusson, Darrin Dutcher, Robert L. Roden, J. David Port, Michael R. Bristow
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
BRAIN IMAGING WITH IODOAMPHETAMINE (IMP) IN PATIENTS WITH HUNTINGTONʼS DISEASE (HD)
Authors: N. D. LaFrance, G. Pearlson, S. Folstein, P. Cole, J. Turek, A. J. Kumar, M. J. Bascom, A. McDonald, M. Folstein, H. N. Wagner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A recombinant DNA marker has been identified to predict those individuals who will develop Huntington's Disease. It is important to determine when genotype positive individuals are developing the first manifestations of Huntington's disease. Furthermore, objective preclinical measures of disease would facilitate assessment of potential therapeutic interventions. We studied 4 patients with very early HD who were also tested with the Mini Mental State (MMS) and the Quantitated Neurological Examination (QNE) with I-123 IMP. SPECT acquisition began within 30 minutes and ROIs chosen from the transaxial SPECT slice corresponding to the CT cut containing the pineal and foramen of Monro. Compared to a group of 5 age-matched normal controls early HD patients showed significant decrements in caudate/cortex IMP accumulation. Values (mean ± SD) for HD patients were 75.3 ± 8.3 and for controls 86.9 ± 2.9 t=2.95, DF=7, p<0.05 (two tailed). Mini Mental State Score, Quantitated Neurological Examination, duration of disease and age showed correlations of +.51, -.99, -.98, -.97 and -.56. The first was influenced by the restricted range of the MMSS values. We conclude that: 1) IMP detected caudate to cortex differences in early HD patients, 2) all 4 persons had normal CT or MRI studies and 3) further studies are warranted to confirm and finalize SPECT's role in HD. Such studies are in progress.
Proceedings of the International Consensus Conference on Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) Treatment Recommendations
Authors: Marie-France Dernierre, Francine M. Foss, Howard K. Koh
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1997)

At the International Consensus Conference for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) Treatment Recommendations (held in Boston, Massachusetts, Oct. 1 and 2, 1994), international experts were asked to assess where consensus existed and to identify areas that required clinical research. We review the epidemiology, pathology, and immunology of CTCL, summarize the important areas in which consensus exists, and discuss newer targeted therapies. At the International Consensus Conference for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) Treatment Recommendations (held in Boston, Massachusetts, Oct. 1 and 2, 1994), international experts were asked to assess where consensus existed and to identify areas that required clinical research. We review the epidemiology, pathology, and immunology of CTCL, summarize the important areas in which consensus exists, and discuss newer targeted therapies.
Kicking clinical commissioning groups into the long grass
Authors: W. Lumb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The ink isn’t dry on the act of parliament; we all play at musical chairs and keeping the lights on; yet some seem to have decided that clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) aren’t fit for purpose.1 They have been live for only five months, so there can’t be any evidence that CCGs are failing. That CCGs have multiple detractors is clear. Finally there was the …
Herbal does not mean innocuous: Ten cases of severe hepatotoxicity associated with dietary supplements from Herbalife® products
Authors: Alain M. Schoepfer, Antoinette Engel, Karin Fattinger, Urs A. Marbet, Dominique Criblez, Juerg Reichen, Arthur Zimmermann, Carl M. Oneta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Metabolomics Reveals that Hepatic Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Downregulation Exacerbates Inflammation and Acute Colitis
Authors: Chi Chen, Yatrik M. Shah, Keiichirou Morimura, Kristopher W. Krausz, Makoto Miyazaki, Terrilyn A. Richardson, Edward T. Morgan, James M. Ntambi, Jeffrey R. Idle, Frank J. Gonzalez
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
Grading of Mitral Regurgitation by Quantitative Doppler Echocardiography
Authors: Karl S. Dujardin, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Kent R. Bailey, Rick A. Nishimura, James B. Seward, A. Jamil Tajik
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Quantitative Doppler echocardiography and proximal flow convergence methods are validated techniques for quantifying mitral regurgitation. However, the clinical interpretation of the values calculated is hindered by the absence of calibration of ranges of severity in large numbers of patients.In 180 consecutive patients (men, 62%; mean age+/-SD, 66+/-11 years), the results of Doppler quantification of isolated mitral regurgitation were calibrated by use of left ventricular angiographic grading performed within 3 months in routine practice and without intervening events. The thresholds of the quantitative variables corresponding to the angiographic grades were identified by maximizing the sum of sensitivity and specificity and minimizing their difference. The mitral regurgitation grade by angiography was 2.7+/-1.3. The mean value and correlation with angiographic grades for effective regurgitant orifice were 43+/-37 mm and r=.79 (P<.0001); for regurgitant volume, 62+/-45 mL and r=.80 (P<.0001); and for regurgitant fraction, 45+/-17% and r=.78 (P<.0001). Despite some overlap, differences between mitral regurgitation grades were all significant (all P<.05). The thresholds for severe mitral regurgitation (grade 4) were 60 mL, 50%, and 40 mm2 for regurgitant volume, regurgitant fraction, and orifice, respectively.In routine practice in large numbers of patients in a clinical laboratory, Doppler echocardiographic quantification of mitral regurgitation shows highly significant correlation with qualitative angiographic grades. Despite an expected overlap between classes, the calibration by angiography of grading ranges for the quantitative variables provides a framework for their interpretation and allows the definition in clinical practice of thresholds for severe mitral regurgitation.
Interaction between Reelin and Notch Signaling Regulates Neuronal Migration in the Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Kazue Hashimoto-Torii, Masaaki Torii, Matthew R. Sarkisian, Christopher M. Bartley, Jie Shen, Freddy Radtke, Thomas Gridley, Nenad Šestan, Pasko Rakic
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Single-step grafting of aminooxy-peptides to hyaluronan: A simple approach to multifunctional therapeutics for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Joshua Sestak, Meagan Mullins, Laura Northrup, Sharadvi Thati, M. Laird Forrest, Teruna J. Siahaan, Cory Berkland
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Myocardial infarction and the G.P.
Authors: J H Horgan
Journal: BMJ (1971)

hilar lymph nodes were involved.The histology of the main tumour showed oat cell carcinoma, while the removed subcarinal lymph node con- tained deposits of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.The patient s progress was un- eventful, though he was left hoarse following damage to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve.He did not receive radiotherapy or cytotoxic drugs.He has been carefully followed up for 14 years, and despite the bad prognosis initi- ally given, he has remained quite fit, conitinuing at work, and clinically and radiologically hc has shown no signs of recurrence of the lung cancer.
Website of the week: Cervical cancer screening
Authors: J. Clark
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Cervical cancer is on the increase, but it is a preventable and treatable disease. Despite ongoing debate about its effectiveness the Pap smear is the chief screening technique identifying women at risk. A paper in this week's BMJ (p 733) suggests that the conventional smear test is superior to the newer technologies that are being used for screening in some …
375 GLYCEMIC CONTROL PREDICTS FOR LIVER FIBROSIS PROGRESSION IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH NAFLD WHO UNDERWENT CONSECUTIVE LIVER BIOPSIES
Authors: Y. Takeshita, T. Takamura, E. Hamaguchi, Y. Zen, H. Misu, K. Arai, T. Yamashita, E. Mizukoshi, M. Sasaki, Y. Nakanuma, S. Kaneko
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)