tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Irritable Bowel, Mitral Valve Prolapse, and Associated Conditions
Authors: Leo D. Galland
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We commend Dr Sataline<sup>1</sup>for his careful observation of an association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS). While the English literature contains no reports of an association between these two syndromes, the French literature is rich with such an association, which can be best understood by viewing both IBS and MVPS as manifestations of a metabolic disorder that has been extensively described in France, and is known as constitutional chronic tetany, latent tetany syndrome (LTS), or spasmophilia.<sup>2-5</sup> Latent tetany syndrome is a physiological state of neuromuscular hyperexcitability that can be demonstrated on physical examination and by electromyography. A variant of Chvostek's sign, elicited by tapping the buccal branch of the facial nerve (facialis phenomenon), is positive in 80% of patients with LTS; electromyographically demonstrated Trousseau's phenomenon (usually without visible manifestation of Trousseau's sign) is demonstrable in almost all untreated patients.
Docetaxel microemulsion for enhanced oral bioavailability: Preparation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Yong-Mei Yin, Fu-De Cui, Chao-Feng Mu, Min-Koo Choi, Jung Sun Kim, Suk-Jae Chung, Chang-Koo Shim, Dae-Duk Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Acute Yellow Phosphorus Poisoning
Authors: Frank A. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Three cases of acute phosphorus poisoning are reported. The source of this poison was a rodenticide, which may be in more common use presently because of the increasing resistance of rodents to warfarin derivatives. The safest method of managing poisoning from this highly toxic substance is prevention. Two of the patients had a history of previous medicine overdose.
Measuring performance in clinical rheumatology.
Authors: D L Scott, I Haslock
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Cytokines are a class of small proteins that act as chemical messengers and play a significant role in essential cellular processes including immunity regulation, hematopoiesis, and inflammation. As one important family of cytokines, tumor necrosis factors have association with the regulation of a various biological processes such as proliferation and differentiation of cells, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. The implication of these cytokines can also be seen in various diseases such as insulin resistance, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Considering the interdependence between this kind of cytokine and others, classifying tumor necrosis factors from other cytokines is a challenge for biological scientists. In this research, we employed a word embedding technique to create hybrid features which was proved to efficiently identify tumor necrosis factors given cytokine sequences. We segmented each protein sequence into protein words and created corresponding word embedding for each word. Then, word embedding-based vector for each sequence was created and input into machine learning classification models. When extracting feature sets, we not only diversified segmentation sizes of protein sequence but also conducted different combinations among split grams to find the best features which generated the optimal prediction. Furthermore, our methodology follows Chou’s 5-step rules to build a reliable classification tool. <h3>Results</h3> With our proposed hybrid features, prediction models obtain more promising performance compared to seven prominent sequenced-based feature kinds. Results from 10 independent runs on the surveyed dataset show that on an average, our optimal models obtain an area under the curve of 0.984 and 0.998 on 5-fold cross-validation and independent test, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results show that biologists can use our model to identify tumor necrosis factors from other cytokines efficiently. Moreover, this study proves that natural language processing techniques can be applied reasonably to help biologists solve bioinformatics problems efficiently.
GMC is tougher on child protection doctors than on those who access child porn, conference hears
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The consultant paediatrician David Southall has called for an inquiry into the General Medical Council’s treatment of doctors who work in child protection, as he faces a return bout before a GMC fitness to practise panel.

Dr Southall, who has had three GMC investigations into his work, made the call at an expert witness conference in central London on 12 November.

He contrasted the GMC’s treatment of doctors who aim to protect children with those who abet children’s abuse by accessing child pornography. Dr Southall and Roy Meadow, both leading experts in fabricated or induced illness, were ordered to be struck off the medical register by the GMC before being reinstated by the courts, while the council has allowed doctors who downloaded pornographic images of children to continue …
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis and Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath
Authors: Gavin Christopher Mackie
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

The purpose of this report was to determine the pattern of thallium (T1-201) uptake in pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) and giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) and to evaluate for features that might help to distinguish these lesions from malignant disease. Scintigraphic images from patients subsequently found to have pigmented villonodular synovitis confirmed by histopathologic analysis were assessed. The patients had been evaluated with T1-201 scintigraphy for a suspicious musculoskeletal lesion. All 6 patients with PVNS had significant T1-201 uptake on the early images with retention on the delayed images. The T1-201 activity was in a juxta-articular location and generally conformed to the synovial cavity with scattered irregular nodular components. Of 4 cases of giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath, all had T1-201 uptake on the early images, and 3 cases (75%) also had uptake on the delayed images. T1-201 uptake is observed almost invariably in pigmented villonodular synovitis on both early and delayed images and can simulate the findings of malignant disease. Features that should raise suspicion of PVNS include close proximity to a joint, especially with distribution corresponding to that of the synovial cavity. When T1-201 activity is detected in a lesion in the hand or foot, giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath should be considered. Magnetic resonance imaging will often aid in the differentiation by demonstrating features of hemosiderin degradation products.
Tetanus and Diphtheria Immunity in Urban Minnesota Adults
Authors: Crossley K, Irvine P, Warren Jb, Lee Bk, Mead K
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Tetanus and diphtheria antitoxin levels were measured in 183 urban adults, using a hemagglutination technique. Protective levels (&gt;0.01 unit/mL) of tetanus antitoxin were present in more than 85% of sera from all subjects under 40 years of age and from men between 40 and 59 years old. A minority of women (36%) between 40 and 59 years of age, and of men (41%) and women (29%) over 60 years of age, were protected. Less than one quarter of the study group had protective levels (&gt;0.01 unit/mL) of diphtheria antitoxin. The results of this study suggest that a minority of middle-aged women and older adults have been appropriately immunized against diphtheria and tetanus. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2298-2300, 1979)
Portosystemic Encephalopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: Results of A Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: Arun J. Sanyal, Arthur M. Freedman, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Preston P. Purdum, Velimir A. Luketic, Andrea K. Cheatham
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

ABSTRACT Portosystemic encephalopathy is a common complication of surgical portacaval shunts. Recently, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts have been proposed to produce portal decompression in a manner analogous to a side–to–side portacaval shunt, but with less morbidity. The incidence and clinical spectrum of portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, however, had not been previously prospectively defined. We therefore prospectively studied portosystemic encephalopathy in 30 patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and compared these findings with 25 patients concurrently undergoing sclerotherapy (controls). At entry, both study groups were comparable. Portosystemic encephalopathy was assessed by examining and grading mental status, asterixis, plasma ammonia and trail making tests. The portosystemic encephalopathy index was calculated from these parameters. Nine of 30 patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts experienced 24 episodes of acute portosystemic encephalopathy during follow–up; 6 of 9 had a history of portosystemic encephalopathy before transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and 5 of these 6 patients had Child C cirrhosis. Mental status and asterixis scores as well as portosystemic encephalopathy index worsened significantly in the first month after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts but showed some improvement thereafter. Increasing age, a medical history of portosystemic encephalopathy and trail scores for part B greater than 100 sec were predictors of portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts. Portosystemic encephalopathy could be managed medically in all but one patient who underwent liver transplant. In contrast, there were no significant changes in mental status, asterixis, ammonia or trail scores over time in sclerotherapy controls. Only six episodes of encephalopathy occurred in endoscopic sclerotherapy patients over the duration of the study. Thus, overall risk of portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts was higher than during sclerotherapy. (Hepatology 1994;20:46-55.)
Reporting Negative Studies in the Mass Media-Reply
Authors: Gideon Koren
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Ms Neus, Mr Bishop, Mr Jablon, and Dr Boice for their interest in our study. Neus seems to have missed the main thrust of our report: the two studies published back-to-back in<i>JAMA</i>created a rare event in that a negative and a positive report on a similar problem, both of high public visibility, were given to the media simultaneously. The theory that the negative study was less reported because it had been previously covered is farfetched at best; if this were the case, why was the previous report not mentioned by any journalist, not even to balance the information? Why did some good newspapers have the insight to report on both? Her letter offers an interesting insight into the way a journalist may think: Neus does admit that her own newspaper did have the same bias that we reported to occur all over North America.
Why a Criminal Ban? Analyzing the Arguments Against Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in the Canadian Parliamentary Debate
Authors: Timothy Caulfield, Tania Bubela
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) remains a controversial technique, one that has elicited a variety of regulatory responses throughout the world. On March 29, 2005, Canada's Assisted Human Reproduction Act came into force. This law prohibits a number of research activities, including SCNT. Given the pluralistic nature of Canadian society, the creation of this law stands as an interesting case study of the policy-making process and how and why a liberal democracy ends up making the relatively rare decision to use a statutory prohibition, backed by severe penalties, to stop a particular scientific activity. In this article, we provide a comprehensive and systematic legal analysis of the legislative process and parliamentary debates associated with the passage of this law.
Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis. Alfred Stengel Memorial Lecture.
Authors: W. S. Middleton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis. Alfred Stengel Memorial Lecture.W. S. Middleton, M.D., M.A.C.P.W. S. Middleton, M.D., M.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-682_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe designation of a group of disorders with the common denominator of a disruption of the ground substance as collagen diseases has revived interest in the physiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and clinical significance of the connective tissue, as well as in its physical, enzymic, and physiological chemistry. Moreover, certain of these diseases have assumed a broader importance in the recognition of their systemic extension. Scleroderma, for example, can no longer be considered as purely a dermatologic disorder, since its systemic manifestations may anticipate the cutaneous lesions and exceed them in gravity. The term "diffuse systemic sclerosis" should replace the limited terms... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C. (ML) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 682-682KeywordsClinical pathologyCollagen diseasesConnective tissueLesionsPathogenesisSclerodermaSystemic diseases Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE METABOLISM OF LUNG TISSUE IN EXPERIMENTAL LOBAR PNEUMOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA IN THE DOG
Authors: Theodore E. Friedemann, James B. Graeser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

The metabolism of infected and uninfected lung tissues was determined at various stages of experimental lobar pneumococcus pneumonia in dogs. Analyses of tissues and analyses of the blood entering and leaving the lungs indicate a fairly normal aerobic metabolism of the tissue throughout the course of the infection.
Insulin-like growth factor-I can mediate autocrine proliferation of human small cell lung cancer cell lines in vitro.
Authors: Y Nakanishi, J L Mulshine, P G Kasprzyk, R B Natale, R Maneckjee, I Avis, A M Treston, A F Gazdar, J D Minna, F Cuttitta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The effect of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on growth of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines was studied. Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates of cell lines NCI-H345 and NCI-N417 demonstrated the presence of a 16-kD band consistent with an IGF-I precursor molecule. Scatchard plot analysis of cell line NCI-H345 using 125I-labeled IGF-I demonstrated two high affinity specific binding sites (Kd 1.3 and 4.0 nM with maximal rate (Bmax) 200 and 500 fmol/mg protein, respectively). The exogenous addition of IGF-I, IGF-II, or insulin resulted in marked proliferation of human SCLC cells as evaluated using an in vitro growth assay. These peptides stimulated the growth of SCLC cell lines NCI-H82, NCI-H209, NCI-H345, and NCI-N417. The concentration of IGF-I producing maximal SCLC cell growth was 10-100-fold less than that of insulin or IGF-II, whereas the maximal growth stimulated by the optimal concentration of these peptides were similar. An MAb that specifically binds to the IGF-I receptor (but not to the insulin receptor) mediates a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth in basal media as well as IGF-I, IGF-II, or insulin-supplemented media. The IGF-I receptor thus appears to be the common pathway for the mitogenic activity by IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin for human SCLC cell lines. The demonstration of an IGF-I precursor molecule, specific IGF-I receptor binding, IGF-I-mediated growth stimulation, and inhibition of basal cell growth by an MAb to the IGF-I receptor suggests that an IGF-I-like molecule can function in vitro as an autocrine growth factor for human SCLC cell lines.
Lyme Disease -- Where's the Bug?
Authors: Daniel Wallace Rahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Our understanding of Lyme disease relies primarily on clinical observations. The diagnosis is typically made with clinical criteria, and the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy is determined by clinical end points. Although this approach has served both patients and physicians well, important questions persist that cannot be answered by the clinical approach alone. For instance, if previously established clinical criteria are required for the diagnosis, how can atypical syndromes be evaluated as possibly due to Lyme disease? Attempts to define both the full clinical spectrum of Lyme disease and the means of accurately diagnosing the illness according to clinical criteria set . . .
Role of Mycobacterium w vaccine in the management of psoriasis
Authors: B. Kumar, K. Sandhu, I. Kaur
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Role of Mycobacterium w vaccine in the management of psoriasis Get access British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 2, 1 February 2005, Pages 380–382, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06343.x Published: 01 February 2005
Increase in Venereal Disease in Paris.
Authors: A. D. Mewborn
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Paris, France, May 10, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —An evil almost inseparable from all World's Expositions is the great increase in the number of venereal diseases. Not only are the native contributors to immorality largely increased by the presence of a greater pleasure-seeking population, but a great influx of prostitutes from all parts of the world adds to the enormous number of clandestine debauchees. The statistics of l'Hôpital Ricord show an increase out of all proportion in the number of soft chancres during exposition years. This is explained by Prof. Fournier as due to the large increase in clandestine prostitution, and to the importation of a more uncleanly class during this time. This fact about the soft chancre is so well known that Mauriac, at l'Hôpital Ricord, when requested to send over cases with the Ducret-bacillus, some months ago, replied, "<i>Eh, bien! Il faut attendre pour l'ouverture de l'Exposition</i>." As
Treatment for Scorpion Stings
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

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Emperipolesis of neutrophils by dysmorphic megakaryocytes
Authors: R. T. Parmley, T. H. Kim, R. L. Austin, C. S. Alvarado, A. H. Ragab
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Neutrophil engulfment by megakaryocytes was observed within 20 to 30% of megakaryocytes from two children: one with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma, the other with fever of unknown origin. Other cell types and neutrophil precursors were not observed within megakaryocytes. Only late megakaryocytes were involved in the process, and often these cells appeared vacuolated or degenerating at the light and electron microscope level. Ultrastructurally the engulfed neutrophils were intact and were within the open canalicular system of the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. No evidence of neutrophil granule exocytosis could be demonstrated in ultrastructural morphologic and peroxidase preparations; however, many neutrophils appeared to be endocytosing portions of the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. The phenomenon could not be transferred to normal marrow incubated with patient serum or plasma. Thus, our patients differ from previous observations of emperipolesis in: 1) the extreme frequency of the observation; 2) the selective involvement of neutrophils; and 3) the association of the anomaly with dysmorphic and/or disrupted megakaryocytes. These observations are consistent with a neutrophil response to altered and/or injured megakaryocytes.
A PLEA FOR MORE RADICAL OPERATIONS IN CANCER OF THE LIPS AND TONGUE.
Authors: D. N. EISENDRATH
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The decreased number of recurrences after a thorough removal of the breast according to the method of Halsted and others has taught us that the same principles could be applied in the surgical treatment of carcinomata elsewhere in the body. In no class of cases does this seem more promising than in carcinomata of the more superficial character like those of the face, tongue, lips, ear, etc. <h3>MODE OF GROWTH OF SQUAMOUS-CELLED CARCINOMATA.</h3> Carcinomata of the lips, tongue, ear, etc., all belong to the flat or squamous-celled type. They spread almost exclusively either by continuity of tissue or along the lymphatic spaces and vessels to the lymph nodes which normally drain the region involved. Metastatic growths in the internal viscera or long bones are very rare in the squamous - celled type of carcinoma. von Winiwarter and Landau were unable to find internal metastases in a large number of cases examined