tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Levofloxacin for BK Virus Prophylaxis Following Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Greg A. Knoll, Atul Humar, Dean Fergusson, Olwyn Johnston, Andrew A. House, S. Joseph Kim, Tim Ramsay, Michaël Chassé, Xiaoli Pang, Jeff Zaltzman, Sandra Cockfield, Marcelo Cantarovich, Martin Karpinski, Louise Lebel, John S. Gill
Journal: JAMA (2014)

BK virus infection is a significant complication of modern immunosuppression used in kidney transplantation. Viral reactivation occurs first in the urine (BK viruria) and is associated with a high risk of transplant failure. There are currently no therapies to prevent or treat BK virus infection. Quinolone antibiotics have antiviral properties against BK virus but efficacy at preventing this infection has not been shown in prospective controlled studies.To determine if levofloxacin can prevent BK viruria in kidney transplant recipients.Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial involving 154 patients who received a living or deceased donor kidney-only transplant in 7 Canadian transplant centers between December 2011 and June 2013.Participants were randomly assigned to receive a 3-month course of levofloxacin (500 mg/d; n = 76) or placebo (n = 78) starting within 5 days after transplantation.The primary outcome was time to occurrence of BK viruria (detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) within the first year after transplantation. Secondary outcomes included BK viremia, peak viral load, rejection, and patient and allograft survival.The mean follow-up time was 46.5 weeks in the levofloxacin group and 46.3 weeks in the placebo group (27 patients had follow-up terminated before the end of the planned follow-up period or development of viruria because the trial was stopped early owing to lack of funding). BK viruria occurred in 22 patients (29%) in the levofloxacin group and in 26 patients (33.3%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.51-1.63; P = .58). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in regard to any of the secondary end points. There was an increased risk of resistant infection among isolates usually sensitive to quinolones in the levofloxacin group vs placebo (14/24 [58.3%] vs 15/45 [33.3%], respectively; risk ratio, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.01-2.98) as well as a nonsignificant increased risk of suspected tendinitis (6/76 [7.9%] vs 1/78 [1.3%]; risk ratio, 6.16; 95% CI, 0.76-49.95).Among kidney transplant recipients, a 3-month course of levofloxacin initiated early following transplantation did not prevent BK viruria. Levofloxacin was associated with an increased risk of adverse events such as bacterial resistance. These findings do not support the use of levofloxacin to prevent posttransplant BK virus infection.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01353339.
Myocardial contrast echocardiography: relation of collateral perfusion to extent of injury and severity of contractile dysfunction in a canine model of coronary thrombosis and reperfusion
Authors: Jorge B. Cheirif, Joanna B. Narkiewicz-Jodko, Hal K. Hawkins, Joseph S. Bravenec, Miguel A. Quinones, Judith K. Mickelson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Septic Arthritis due to Group G Streptococcus
Authors: Norman K. Fujita
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A VARIETY of serious infections due to Lancefield group<i>G Streptococcus</i>have been reported.<sup>1-6</sup>These infections often have occurred in patients with underlying debilitating conditions. We describe a chronic alcoholic patient with group G streptococcal septic arthritis, who had a complicated course despite high-dose penicillin therapy. The case is compared with two previously reported cases of group G streptococcal arthritis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 67-year-old man, who was a chronic alcoholic, fell down a flight of stairs five days before hospitalization. He sustained multiple skin abrasions and experienced pain and swelling of his left knee. He sought medical help because of persistent left-knee swelling associated with diaphoresis. He had no other underlying medical problems. His temperature was 37 °C. He had multiple skin abrasions without evidence of infection. He had poor dentition and a tender, warm, and swollen left knee. On laboratory examination, peripheral leukocyte count was 18,000/cu
Cholesterol Reduction and Stroke
Authors: David Atkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 January 1994Cholesterol Reduction and StrokeDavid Atkins, MD, MPH, Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhD, and Eric B. Larson, MD, MPHDavid Atkins, MD, MPHDepartment of Health and Human Services; Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Washington, DC 20201University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195Search for more papers by this author, Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhDDepartment of Health and Human Services; Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Washington, DC 20201University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195Search for more papers by this author, and Eric B. Larson, MD, MPHDepartment of Health and Human Services; Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Washington, DC 20201University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-1-199401010-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Most of the criticisms raised by Dr. Davey Smith and colleagues were specifically addressed in our report [1]. The primary conclusion of our analysis was, and remains, that cholesterol reduction does not have a beneficial effect on stroke mortality in middle-aged men. The more inclusive data Davey Smith and colleagues provide support this conclusion.The difference between the pooled risk they report and our original finding (1.10 compared with 1.34) is small, appears consistent with chance, and is unlikely to represent “publication bias” (that is, under-reporting negative results). We created selection criteria to reduce the potential sources of ...REFERENCE1. Atkins D, Psaty BM, Koepsell TD, Longstreth WT Jr, Larson EB. Cholesterol reduction and the risk for stroke in men. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:136-45. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Health and Human Services; Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Washington, DC 20201University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 1Page: 88-89KeywordsCholesterolGlobal healthHemorrhagic strokeHemostasisIntent to treat analysisMortalityPopulation statisticsResearch designRisk managementStroke Issue Published: 1 January 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
GW25-e3223 Urotensin II blockade with urantide attenuates cardiac fibrosis in spontaneous type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Xiao-Bo Xu, Yu-Qiang Cui, Xiao-Ying Li, Bo-Zhi Cai, Zi-Han Chen, Wei-Zhao Lin, Yong-Gang Zhang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Allocating donor livers
Authors: J. Neuberger, J. Lake
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The furore over new proposals for allocating donor livers in the United States highlights the problems associated with rationing.1 The changes, proposed by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), arose out of a recognition that the existing system was unfair and not the most effective use of a scarce resource. The principles of justice for all and optimal medical use were not being fulfilled. The proposed changes are modest, limited to redefining which patients should have the highest priority and setting criteria for entry on to the waiting list.

Despite greater use of split livers (two liver grafts from one donor) and those from marginal donors (such as those over 60 years, those with hypotension, and non-heart beating donors), the supply of donor livers has remained constant. With more patients being referred for transplantation, the numbers waiting for livers have increased progressively in Europe and North America. Moreover, the wait for a liver has increased, resulting in increased mortality while on the waiting list and a potential increase in perioperative morbidity and mortality. Xenografts may help, but it will some time before they become a clinical reality.

Britain has only seven centres designated by …
Elevated serum myoglobin is associated with increased long-term mortality, independent of cardiac troponin I, electrocardiographic variables, and other baseline variables: combined analyses from TIMI 11B and TACTICS/TIMI 18
Authors: James A. de Lemos, David A. Morrow, Michael Gibson, Sabina A. Murphy, Nader Rifai, Mark S. Sabatine, Howard A. Cooper, Carolyn H. McCabe, Elliott M. Antman, Christopher P. Cannon, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
THE APPRAISAL OF INTELLECTUAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS AFTER CEREBRAL DAMAGE IN CHILDREN
Authors: Bronson Crothers, Elizabeth Lord
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1938)

Obviously we do not present these cases with any feeling that they settle anything, but merely to indicate a method of appraisal which seems to us worth while. In the first place, we have come to the conclusion, which is, of course, nothing new, that accurate psychological study is just as likely to indicate the existence and the extent of cerebral injury in childhood as is physical examination. Second, considerable defects of brain tissue can exist with minimal physical and psychological changes. On the whole, we are reasonably sure that encephalography is a tool which can be intelligently used in many dubious cases where decisions are important. Third, it is our impression from the observation of cases of this sort over a number of years, that the period of convalescence is frequently prolonged, so that it is quite possible to subject the convalescent child to stresses which are harmful. We have no data which suggest that there is any direct correlation between the severity of the injury as demonstrated by encephalography and the disorder of behavior. On the whole we are inclined to believe that gross evidence of cerebral damage is hard to collect in the typical "post-encephalitic" and "post-traumatic" behavior disorders. It is suggested, more for the purposes of argument than as a statement of fact, that the children whose brains are grossly damaged are protected during convalescence by the very nature of their disabilities, while the less obvious lesions do not produce symptoms which lead to protection.
Monoisoamyl meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate as a delayed treatment for mercury removal in rats.
Authors: K Kostial, B Kargacin, M Blanusa, M Piasek, M M Jones, P K Singh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Monoisoamyl meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate (Mi-ADMS) was found to be superior to meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) in decreasing the body burden of 203Hg in rats under conditions of early treatment. In this experiment Mi-ADMS was used as late treatment for mercury removal. Albino rats aged 6 weeks and 7-day-old sucklings received a single intraperitoneal injection of 203Hg (as nitrate). Two weeks later they were treated with DMSA or Mi-ADMS (0.25 mmole/kg bw) on two consecutive days. The radioactivity in the carcass (whole body after removal of the gastrointestinal tract), liver, kidneys and brain was determined by solid crystal gamma scintillation counting six days after chelation therapy administration (3 weeks after 203Hg application). Both chelators reduced the body burden of mercury compared to controls. The effect of Mi-ADMS was superior to DMSA treatment in older rats for decreasing carcass and kidney retention, and in suckling rats for decreasing carcass, liver, and kidney retention. They were equally effective in decreasing brain retention in older rats and had no effect on brain retention in sucklings. The efficiency of Mi-ADMS in reducing the body burden of mercury was generally higher than the efficiency of the DMSA treatment. Therefore, Mi-ADMS deserves further attention as a late treatment for mercury removal.
Psychoanalysis and Politics: A Contribution to the Psychology of Politics and Morals
Authors: Roger Ernle Money-Kyrle
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prolonged Recovery of Retinal Structure/Function after Gene Therapy in an Rs1h-Deficient Mouse Model of X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis
Authors: Seok H. Min, Laurie L. Molday, Mathias W. Seeliger, Astra Dinculescu, Adrian M. Timmers, Andreas Janssen, Felix Tonagel, Naoyuki Tanimoto, Bernhard H.F. Weber, Robert S. Molday, William W. Hauswirth
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (RS) is a common cause of juvenile macular degeneration in males. RS is characterized by cystic spoke-wheel-like maculopathy, peripheral schisis, and a negative (b-wave more reduced than a-wave) electroretinogram (ERG). These symptoms are due to mutations in the RS1 gene in Xp22.2 leading to loss of functional protein. No medical treatment is currently available. We show here that in an Rs1h-deficient mouse model of human RS, delivery of the human RS1 cDNA with an AAV vector restored expression of retinoschisin to both photoreceptors and the inner retina essentially identical to that seen in wild-type mice. More importantly, unlike an earlier study with a different AAV vector and promoter, this work shows for the first time that therapeutic gene delivery using a highly specific AAV5–opsin promoter vector leads to progressive and significant improvement in both retinal function (ERG) and morphology, with preservation of photoreceptor cells that, without treatment, progressively degenerate.
Comparison of hemostatic forceps with soft coagulation versus argon plasma coagulation for bleeding peptic ulcer – a randomized trial
Authors: Jung-Wook Kim, Jae Jang, Chang Lee, Jae-Jun Shim, Young Chang
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Endoscopic high-frequency soft coagulation is used to manage visible bleeding or nonbleeding vessels during endoscopic submucosal dissection. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of hemostasis by soft coagulation (using hemostatic forceps) with argon plasma coagulation (APC), in a prospective randomized trial. <b>Patients and methods:</b> From January 2013 to June 2014, 276 patients were randomly assigned into two groups: epinephrine injection plus APC (the APC group); or epinephrine injection plus soft coagulation using hemostatic forceps (the HFSC group). As the primary outcome we compared recurrent bleeding rates within 30 days after initial hemostasis in a noninferiority design. <b>Results:</b> After exclusion, 75 patients in the APC group and 76 in the HFSC group were finally evaluated. In the APC group 72 patients (96 %) were successfully treated with the assigned treatment alone vs. 73 (96 %) in the HFSC group. Initial endoscopic hemostasis using a single or combined modality was achieved in all patients. Recurrent bleeding within 30 days was experienced by five patients (6.7 %) and seven patients (9.2 %) in the AFC and HFSC groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.563), and within 7 days by three patients (4.0 %) and five patients (6.6 %), respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.719). We found no significant difference in the rates of adverse events (1.3 % vs. 2.6 %) or mortality (2.7 % vs. 2.6 %) between the groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> The efficacy and safety of soft coagulation using endoscopic hemostatic forceps is not inferior to APC when used to treat patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02020603.
P465 SVR IS ASSOCIATED WITH NO RISK REDUCTION OF HCC DEVELOPMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HCV-RELATED CIRRHOSIS. A PROSPECTIVE, UP-TO 23 YEARS, COHORT FOLLOW-UP STUDY
Authors: S. Bruno, A. Crosignani, L. Roffi, S. De Lisi, S. Rossi, V. Boccaccio, P. Zermiani, M. Mondelli, P. Maisonneuve
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Symbol of Modern Medicine
Authors: Sarkis J. Chobanian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters17 February 2004The Symbol of Modern MedicineSarkis J. Chobanian, MDSarkis J. Chobanian, MDFrom Knoxville, TN 37950.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-4-200402170-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Drs. Wilcox and Whitham (1) might like to know an alternative explanation as to why the Asklepian evolved as the symbol of our profession. While I was studying parasitology as an undergraduate, my professor referenced treatment for guinea worm disease, otherwise known as dracunculiasis, as the source for the single serpent entwined around a staff. The adult female Dracunculus medinensis can reach 2 to 3 feet in length. Approximately 10 to 14 months after an infection, larvae are released within the intestine and the adults enter the skin and cause painful papules, usually on the lower extremities ...Reference1. Wilcox RA, Whitham EM. The symbol of modern medicine: why one snake is more than two. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:673-7. [PMID: 12693891] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Knoxville, TN 37950. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Symbol of Modern Medicine: Why One Snake Is More Than Two* Robert A. Wilcox and Emma M. Whitham The Symbol of Modern Medicine David P. Steensma The Symbol of Modern Medicine Konstantinos Paparounas The Symbol of Modern Medicine Jamie Newman The Symbol of Modern Medicine Robert A. Wilcox and Emma M. Whitham The Symbol of Modern Medicine Michael E. Toedt and Dominique M. Gooby Toedt The Symbol of Modern Medicine Neni Prasad The Symbol of Modern Medicine Adrian G. Letz The Symbol of Modern Medicine Drew Hause The Symbol of Modern Medicine Meyer D. Lifschitz Metrics 17 February 2004Volume 140, Issue 4Page: 310-311KeywordsBlistersParasitologyPatientsSkin infectionsUndergraduates ePublished: 17 February 2004 Issue Published: 17 February 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Synergistic interactions between interferon-γ and TRAIL modulate c-FLIP in endothelial cells, mediating their lineage-specific sensitivity to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura plasma–associated apoptosis
Authors: Radu Stefanescu, Dustin Bassett, Rozbeh Modarresi, Francisco Santiago, Mohamad Fakruddin, Jeffrey Laurence
Journal: Blood (2008)
NICE urges planners to consider people’s need for exercise
Authors: Geoff Watts
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In an unusually wide ranging set of recommendations, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in England and Wales is aiming to deal with obesity and other health problems by tackling one of their causes: lack of exercise. Its immediate targets are not obese people themselves, however, but the planners who could be doing more to prevent the onset of the condition.

The guide, which is the second of NICE’s public health interventions, sets out what are claimed to be the first national, evidence based recommendations to encourage physical activity by changing the environment.

“The guidance reaches …
Improvement of monitoring of melanocytic skin lesions with the use of a computerized acquisition and surveillance unit with a skin surface microscopic television camera
Authors: Wilhelm Stolz, Roman Schiffner, Laure Pillet, Thomas Vogt, Harry Harms, Thomas Schindewolf, Dipl Ing, Michael Landthaler, Wolfgang Abmayr
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1996)
The Prevalence of the Individual Communion Cup.
Authors: Howard S. Anders
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Philadelphia, June 6, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your recent editorial reference to the encouraging progress in the adoption of individual communion cups, among other things pertaining to church hygiene, prompts me to submit the following figures, which give an approximation of the status of the movement nearly to date: About 1500 churches, representing nearly 600,000 communicants, are now using individual cups, and would not revert to the commonly-used cup. About 70 per cent, of these churches are of the Baptist, Congregational and Presbyterian denominations, and nearly equally distributed among these three. The Christian (Disciples), Lutheran, Methodist and Reformed churches follow in about equal proportion. There are a few Protestant Episcopal, Universalist, Swedenborgian, and other scattered denominations using the cups. Almost three times as many churches now use individual cups as compared with 1898. The reform began in 1894, when hardly a score of churches were using them. By far the
Enhanced-Potency Polio Vaccine Nears Licensing; Policy to Be Studied
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE NEW ENHANCED-POTENCY inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is nearing licensure by the Food and Drug Administration. Its advent brings a renewed interest in IPV use that is prompting the Institute of Medicine to do a review of polio vaccination policy in the United States. The last such review was in 1977. Studies by a number of investigators have shown that two doses of this inactivated enhanced-potency vaccine will induce virtually 100% seroconversion against all three types of poliovirus. This compares with currently available IPV, which requires four doses to provide full protection. Some data on serological responses to the new IPV were given at the 21st Immunization Conference in New Orleans by Roger H. Bernier, PhD, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta. They came from a study done by A. Marshall McBean, MD, and his associates at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, in collaboration with the CDC. The study was recently