tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Leukotriene D4 relaxes canine renal and superior mesenteric arteries.
Authors: R J Secrest, E J Olsen, B M Chapnick
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

To characterize the influences of leukotriene D4 on regional vascular smooth muscle, effects of leukotriene D4 on vasomotor tone of canine renal and superior mesenteric arterial rings were determined. Vascular smooth muscle tone was measured with isometric force transducers. After tone had been induced with norepinephrine, leukotriene D4, in concentrations of 10(-8) M to 10(-7) M, produced dose-dependent relaxation of renal and superior mesenteric arterial rings. Leukotriene D4-induced relaxation was observed only in those ring preparations in which care had been taken to avoid damaging the luminal surface. Acetylcholine (10(-7) M) also decreased tone in these same ring segments. Neither acetylcholine nor leukotriene D4 altered tone of arterial rings after the endothelium had been intentionally disrupted by rubbing with a cotton-tipped applicator. Nitroglycerin (10(-6) M) relaxed rings both before and after rubbing the intimal surface. These results demonstrate that leukotriene D4 possesses the capacity to relax canine superior mesenteric and renal arterial rings in an endothelial-dependent manner. Because relaxation of renal and superior mesenteric arterial rings in response to leukotriene D4 was not altered after incubation with indomethacin (10(-5) M), the observed endothelial-dependent relaxation induced by leukotriene D4 did not appear to be related to release of a cyclooxygenase metabolite(s). In contrast, FPL 55712 (10(-5) M) attenuated the relaxation produced by leukotriene D4, suggesting that this response was a receptor-linked consequence.
The Will of the People, Not of an Oligarchy.
Authors: Mary H. Hunt
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Boston, Mass., March 13, 1902.  To the Editor:  —Prof. William T. Sedgwick, Boston, in an address published in a recent number ofThe Journalconfesses with sorrow the lack of success of efforts to prevent the study of   as now required in the public schools of this country. He first offers in defense of his opposition the fact that Horace Mann, in 1842, did not include temperance  in his essay on The study of Physiology in the Schools, but he omits to add the significant accompanying fact of history, namely, that the recommendations of Horace Mann's essay that physiology should be taught in the schools, aroused in Massachusetts such a storm of bitter opposition from the doctors and men of official science, that the existence of the Massachusetts State Board of Education and its secretary, Horace Mann, were saved by only a hair's breadth from being entirely
HAIRY OR BLACK TONGUE
Authors: M. L. HEIDINGSFELD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The subject of hairy or black tongue has engrossed a varied degree of attention in dermatologic literature. A comparatively large number of the cases, chiefly from French and English sources, were reported at the time of the discovery and early mention of the affection. Brosin<sup>1</sup>recorded some forty odd cases reported prior to 1888. The next large increment of cases occurred when investigators first took issue in regard to its parasitic or non-parasitic nature, which has remained a more or less unsettled point of contention to the present day. Relatively few cases have been reported in recent years, not so much because the affection is possibly more rare or exceedingly infrequent as because little additional information could be offered regarding its etiology, pathology and treatment. There are scarcely a hundred eases recorded in the literature at the present time, and if the spurious and unauthenticated cases were eliminated the
Gram-negative folliculitis–a complication of antibiotic therapy in acne vulgaris
Authors: JAMES J. LEYDEN, RICHARD R. MARPLES, OTTO H. MILLS, ALBERT M. KLIGMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article Gram‐negative folliculitis–a complication of antibiotic therapy in acne vulgaris Get access JAMES J. LEYDEN, JAMES J. LEYDEN Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 *Reprint requests to: Dr Leyden, Department of Dermatology, Duhring Laboratories, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar RICHARD R. MARPLES, RICHARD R. MARPLES Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar OTTO H. MILLS, JR, OTTO H. MILLS, JR Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ALBERT M. KLIGMAN ALBERT M. KLIGMAN Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 88, Issue 6, 1 June 1973, Pages 533–538, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb08015.x Published: 01 June 1973 Article history Accepted: 16 November 1972 Published: 01 June 1973
Abstract 1661: Fine-mapping of GWAS variants in BMP4, GREM1, CDH1, and RHPN2 in African American colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Sonia Kupfer, Anton E. Ludvik, Ellie Hong, Stanley Hooker, Rick Kittles, Temitope Keku, Robert Sandler, Nathan A. Ellis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of colorectal cancer (CRC) have identified risk variants in candidate genes involved in TGF-ß signaling including BMP4, GREM1, CDH1, RHPN2 and SMAD7. We previously replicated the association with a 3′-UTR SNP in GREM1 (rs10318) in African Americans but did not find evidence of associations in the other genes. This finding could be explained by different genomic structure in African Americans. Therefore, we sought to fine-map these genes to identify CRC risk variants in African Americans who are at highest risk of CRC in the US. Methods: DNA from cases and controls was obtained from two US institutions. In total, we included DNA from 795 AA cases and 985 AA controls. TagSNPs with minor allele frequencies &amp;gt;5% and pairwise r2 &amp;gt;0.8 were identified in five genes using YRI Hapmap data. A total of 81 SNPs were genotyped in cases and controls using Sequenom MassARRAY. We calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression controlling for ancestry, age, gender and multiple testing in PLINK. Results: Association analysis was completed for four genes: BMP4, GREM1, CDH1 and RHPN2. The top tagSNP associations for each gene are shown in the Table. None of the SNPs were significant after permutation testing. In GREM1, the strongest SNP associations were found at the 3′ end of the gene. In BMP4, we identified two SNPs (rs1957852 and rs7146040) that are in LD with rs4444235 previously identified in a European GWAS. In CDH1, rs12931189 is located in the same LD block as the strongest association signal (rs7199991) in a recent fine-mapping study in Europeans. Finally, we have no evidence for associations in RHPN2 in African Americans. Conclusion: These results provide preliminary evidence of associations in African American colorectal cancer patients in BMP4, GREM1 and CDH1 identified by GWAS in Europeans. Ongoing work is testing associations in SMAD7 and further fine-mapping by imputation and resequencing in these regions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1661. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1661
Lipid Peroxidation Tests for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
Authors: M.T.R. Subbiah
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 September 1994Lipid Peroxidation Tests for Cardiovascular Risk AssessmentM.T.R. Subbiah, PhDM.T.R. Subbiah, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-5-199409010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the Western world. Cardiovascular risk assessment includes tests for lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities, hypertension, and diabetes [1]; however, a need exists for more discriminating tests to detect risk in persons with near-normal to marginally elevated cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Various factors can affect the atherogenic potential of cholesterol [1]. Oxidative modification of LDL plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis [2]. Oxidatively modified LDL can influence atherogenesis through the recruitment of monocytes (chemotactic effect) and massive uptake of oxidatively modified LDL by scavenger receptors ...References1. Kannel WB. Cholesterol and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality in men. Clin Chem. 1988; 341B:B53-9. Google Scholar2. Witztum JL, Steinberg D. Role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in atherogenesis. J Clin Invest. 1988; 88:1785-92. Google Scholar3. Arshad MA, Bhadra S, Chen RM, Subbiah MT. Plasma lipoprotein peroxidation potential: a test to determine individual susceptibility to peroxidation. Clin Chem. 1991; 37:1756-8. Google Scholar4. Lavy A, Brook GJ, Dankner G, Amotz AB, Aviram M. Enhanced in vitro oxidation of plasma lipoproteins devised from hypercholesterolemic patients. Metabolism. 1991; 40:794-9. Google Scholar5. Salonen JT, Yla-Herttuala SY, Yamamoto R, Butler S, Korpela H, Salonen R, et al. Antibody against oxidized LDL and the progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1992; 339:883-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M.T.R. Subbiah, PhDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1994Volume 121, Issue 5Page: 383KeywordsAtherosclerosisBlood plasmaCardiovascular disease riskCholesterolHypercholesterolemiaLipid peroxidationLipoproteinsLow density lipoproteinOxidative stressRisk assessments ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fixed Eruption in Deeply Pigmented Subjects: Clinical Observations on 350 Patients
Authors: S. G. Browne
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Ever since Brocq (1894) directed attention to certain drug- induced eruptions that he called " fixed," in the sense that they were subject to recurrent exacerbation on each subsequent administration of the inducing drug, interest in the subject has increased.Among the many and varied syndromes provoked by new drugs and food additives (Sternberg and Bierman, 1963), fixed eruptions are becoming increasingly common (Welsh, 1961; Welsh and Ede, 1961).The present study is based on 350 deeply pigmented patients suffering from fixed eruptions seen during the past 10 years (171 Congolese (Browne, 1959, 1960a, 1960b), 175 Nigerians, and 4 others), and provides data that may shed some light on the continuing problem of the localization of the eruptive elements. Primary SensitizationIn the great majority of cases it was possible with a reasonable degree of probability to determine the drug responsible for the induction of the fixed eruption.The following drugs were incriminated: Anti-leprosy Drugs (272 Cases) Dapsone (diaminodiphenyl sulphone), or solapsone (Sulphetrone) ... Polysensitivity, following primary sensitization with dapsone ... ... Diaminodiphenyl sulphoxide ... ....
DISEASES OF THE CONJUNCTIVA IN RELATION TO DISEASES OF THE NASAL PASSAGES.
Authors: ROBERT N. KEELY
Journal: JAMA (1898)

is very rare.The bacilli are, consequently, brought by the blood, as is proved by pathologic anatomy when it shows that the bacilli are more often found in the glomeruli, arteries of the kidney and in their walls, and also that the tuberculous granulations are either in the interior or neighborhood of the vessels.Consequently, according to Daunic, a renal, secondary to a genito-urinary tuberculosis, is as yet unexplained as regards its pathogenesis.The bacillus can pene-
15‐Year aeroallergen records. Their usefulness in Athens Olympics, 2004
Authors: D. Gioulekas, A. Damialis, D. Papakosta, A. Syrigou, G. Mpaka, F. Saxoni, D. Patakas
Journal: Allergy (2003)

About 5-25% of 16 000 athletes involved in preparation for the Athens 2004 Olympics may encounter respiratory allergy (asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis) triggered by exposure to aeroallergens (pollen and fungi spores).Provide information about circulating aeroallergens in three Olympic cities and ensure safety for the allergic athletes who will visit Greece from January to September 2004.Aeroallergens were recorded using a Burkard volumetric trap. The most frequently implicated pollen (cypress, hazel, wall pellitory, plane, olive, grasses, goosefoot and mugwort) and fungi spores (Alternaria spp., Cladosporium spp.) are presented. These data derive from a 15-year database created by the Pulmonary Department, Thessaloniki, a 2-year database (University of Heraklion-Crete) and a 6-year database by the Pediatric Department, Athens. The above data and the current aeroallergen counts will be continuously announced by the mass media and Internet during the Athens 2004 Olympics.Are expressed as: (A) Presentation (Graphs, Tables) of the fluctuation of mean daily values of pollen grains or fungi spores/m3. (B) Presentation (Tables) of the start, peak and end time of aeroallergen circulation. Peak pollen concentrations were observed between March and May (athletes preparation time). During the 2004 Olympics (August-September) relatively high concentrations of goosefoot, mugwort, Alternaria and Cladosporium will be observed. Aeroallergens circulate in Athens 10-15 days earlier than in Thessaloniki and 10 days later than in Heraklion.The data presented in the study are expected to help allergic Olympic athletes achieve peak performance under prophylactic measures.
Treatment of Shigellosis: III. Comparison of One- or Two-Dose Ciprofloxacin with Standard 5-Day Therapy
Authors: Michael L. Bennish, Mohammed Abdus Salam, Wasif Ali Khan, Ali Miraj Khan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

▪ Objective: To determine whether a single dose, or 2 doses, of ciprofloxacin are as effective as 5-day, 10-dose therapy for the treatment of shigellosis in adult men who are moderately to severely ill. ▪ Design: Randomized, double-blind clinical trial. ▪ Setting: A diarrhea treatment center in the capital city of a developing country, Bangladesh. ▪ Patients: A total of 128 adult men with dysentery of less than 96 hours duration. All had Shigella organisms isolated from a culture of stool. ▪ Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single 1-gram dose of ciprofloxacin at admission to the study (single-dose group; n = 40), a 1-gram dose of ciprofloxacin at admission and 24 hours later (2-dose group; n = 43), or 500 mg of ciprofloxacin every 12 hours for 5 days (10 dose group; n = 35). All patients were hospitalized for 6 days. ▪ Measurements: Stools were collected individually; their character and consistency were recorded and cultured daily. A physical examination and recording of symptoms were done daily, and the temperature was measured every 4 hours. Therapy was considered to have failed in patients who did not have improvement in the signs and symptoms of dysentery after 72 hours of therapy or in patients who on study day 5 had more than nine stools, or more than two watery stools, or were febrile. ▪ Results: There were no treatment failures in the 78 patients infected with species of Shigella other than Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Among the 40 patients infected with S. dysenteriae type 1, treatment failed in 4 of the 10 patients who received single-dose therapy, 2 of the 15 patients who received 2-dose therapy, and none of the 15 patients who received 10-dose therapy (P = 0.017, single-dose therapy group compared with 10-dose group; P= 0.15 for the single-dose group compared with the 2-dose group; P > 0.2 for the 2-dose group compared with the 10-dose group). ▪ Conclusions: A single 1-gram dose of ciprofloxacin is effective therapy for patients infected with species of Shigella other than S. dysenteriae type 1. Single-dose therapy is inferior to 10-dose therapy for treating patients infected with S. dysenteriae type 1.
Neutrophil activation by Helicobacter pylori.
Authors: C Mooney, J Keenan, D Munster, I Wilson, R Allardyce, P Bagshaw, B Chapman, V Chadwick
Journal: Gut (1991)

Helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach is accompanied by a persistent polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltrate of the mucosa. The aim of this work was to study the activation of human PMNL by substances produced by H pylori. Filtered H pylori conditioned media stimulated a significant PMNL oxidative burst (p less than 0.002). This was equal to 26% of the maximal response stimulated by the PMNL chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP, 1 mumol/l). The response to FMLP was prolonged by the combined presence of complement inactivated human anti-H pylori plasma and conditioned medium (p less than 0.002). High pressure liquid chromatography of an extract of conditioned medium showed a fraction that stimulated PMNL, eluted, and antigenically cross reacted with FMLP. Washed H pylori cells, and those opsonised with complement inactivated human anti-H pylori plasma, did not induce a significant oxidative burst. Opsonized H pylori, however, prolonged the oxidative burst induced by FMLP (p less than 0.02). In conclusion, H pylori synthesizes and secretes a substance, probably FMLP, that may account for the PMNL accumulation that accompanies H pylori infections. Immune complexes composed of H pylori antigen and specific antibody potentiate the PMNL oxidative burst. This combination of H pylori derived products, and host PMNL and antibodies, may be involved in the mucosal damage observed in H pylori associated gastritis.
Chronic occupational exposure to nitrogen dioxide is associated with decline in lung function
Authors: R Johns
Journal: Thorax (2004)

▴ Bakke B, Ulvestad B, Stewart P, Eduard W. Cumulative exposure to dust and gases as determinants of lung function decline in tunnel construction workers. Occup Environ Med2004;61:262–9 [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] Six hundred and fifty one Norwegian male construction workers were followed for a mean of 6 years with spirometric measurement and assessment of their occupational exposure to total dust, respirable dust, α-quartz, volatile organic compounds, oil vapour, oil mist, formaldehyde, nitrogen … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DOccupational%2Band%2BEnvironmental%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DOccup.%2BEnviron.%2BMed.%26rft.issn%253D1351-0711%26rft.aulast%253DBakke%26rft.auinit1%253DB%26rft.volume%253D61%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D262%26rft.epage%253D269%26rft.atitle%253DCumulative%2Bexposure%2Bto%2Bdust%2Band%2Bgases%2Bas%2Bdeterminants%2Bof%2Blung%2Bfunction%2Bdecline%2Bin%2Btunnel%2Bconstruction%2Bworkers%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F14985522%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=oemed&resid=61/3/262&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F59%2F5%2F420.atom
Results in 1,000 Cases of Therapeutic Abortion Managed by Vacuum Aspiration
Authors: K. C. Loung, A. E. R. Buckle, M. M. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A prospective study of 1,000 cases of termination of pregnancy by vacuum aspiration is presented and the safety of the method emphasized. By setting up special clinics and an additional weekly operating session, the maximum delay from a request to appointment is 5 days, and, if operation is advised, from appointment to operation a further 7 days.
Immigrants and Tuberculosis Control
Authors: Michael D. Iseman, Jeffrey Starke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

This issue of the Journal contains two articles that bear on the status of tuberculosis in the United States. One is a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on tuberculosis in foreign-born persons,1 and the other is a Sounding Board article by Ziv and Lo on the potential consequences for health care of California's Proposition 187.2 These articles raise several important issues, which can be placed in context by a brief review of contemporary principles of tuberculosis control. The two fundamental components of U.S. public health policy for the control of tuberculosis are the early identification . . .
YKL-39 (chitinase 3-like protein 2), but not YKL-40 (chitinase 3-like protein 1), is up regulated in osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Authors: T Knorr, F Obermayr, E Bartnik, A Zien, T Aigner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Objective: To investigate quantitatively the mRNA expression levels of YKL-40, an established marker of rheumatoid and osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration in synovial fluid and serum, and a closely related molecule YKL-39, in articular chondrocytes. Methods: cDNA array and online quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to measure mRNA expression levels of YKL-39 and YKL-40 in chondrocytes in normal, early degenerative, and late stage osteoarthritic cartilage samples. Results: Expression analysis showed high levels of both proteins in normal articular chondrocytes, with lower levels of YKL-39 than YKL-40. Whereas YKL-40 was significantly down regulated in late stage osteoarthritic chondrocytes, YKL-39 was significantly up regulated. In vitro both YKLs were down regulated by interleukin 1β. Conclusions: The up regulation of YKL-39 in osteoarthritic cartilage suggests that YKL-39 may be a more accurate marker of chondrocyte activation than YKL-40, although it has yet to be established as a suitable marker in synovial fluid and serum. The decreased expression of YKL-40 by osteoarthritic chondrocytes is surprising as increased levels have been reported in rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial fluid, where it may derive from activated synovial cells or osteophytic tissue or by increased matrix destruction in the osteoarthritic joint. YKL-39 and YKL-40 are potentially interesting marker molecules for arthritic joint disease because they are abundantly expressed by both normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
Having Fun and Being Physically Active
Authors: Luther B Travis, Debbie Speegle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

The general goal of this series is to provide meaningful information to young people who have diabetes mellitus so that they can enjoy a better life. Specific objectives are to present a piece of information aimed at a single subject and to provide this information at a time when it is most appropriate. The series is multiauthored, with each segment reflecting the tenets of that author. Thus, the philosophies expressed from one segment to the other may not be concordant. The physician or diabetes educator choosing to photocopy and distribute these articles to young persons with diabetes should exercise discretion in selection so that they are in general agreement with the patient's overall management plan. Suggestions for improvement of the format or for new additional topics should be directed to the Committee on Youth Education, % DIABETES CARE. The Committee is also seeking volunteers for development of subjects.