tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computerised tomography in severe methanol intoxication.
Authors: S M Aquilonius, H Askmark, P Enoksson, P O Lundberg, U Mostrom
Journal: BMJ (1978)

cyte degeneration with ballooning, hyaline inclusion bodies in many hepato- cytes, extensive intralobular pericellular fibrosis, and neutrophil infiltration.Orcein staining showed coarse dark brown or black inclusions in all hepato- cytes.The renal histological findings were normal with haematoxylin and eosin staining, but with orcein staining granules were seen in the cells of about half of the convoluted tubules (figure). U ~~~~~~4Section of kidney taken post mortem showing extensive orcein- positive deposits within the proximal convoluted tubules (magnification x 400).
RESUSCITATION WORK IN A CASUALTY CLEARING STATION
Authors: R. Charles, A. F. Sladden
Journal: BMJ (1919)

S-eusCSio01t Splsh1.-It may be possible to elicit this sign' in haemo-pneuino thorax.--It is never justifiable to attempt to do so in the early stages, -and with x rays at hand it is never necessary.MetaUlic tinkling: I do not remember tllat I have ever met with this sign in gunshot wounds of
Characterization of the thyroid microsomal antigen, and its relationship to thyroid peroxidase, using monoclonal antibodies.
Authors: L Portmann, F W Fitch, W Havran, N Hamada, W A Franklin, L J DeGroot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

MAb directed to the thyroid microsomal antigen have been developed. All bound to 101- and 107-kD bands in Western blot analysis using thyroid microsomal fraction as antigen. The MAb also bound to microsomal proteins immunoprecipitated by serum from patients having a high titer of anti-microsomal antibody but no antibodies to thyroglobulin or thyrotropin-stimulating hormone receptor. The pattern of binding was related to the amount of reducing agent. The 101- and 107-kD bands were increased by addition of dithiothreitol whereas, in its absence, numerous bands of higher molecular weight were present, suggesting a multimeric protein structure. Despite the inability to immunoprecipitate thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzymatic activity, the MAb bound intensively in Western blot to denatured purified hog TPO and to denatured immunopurified human TPO. Trypsin digestion of the 101-107-kD antigen produced a doublet of 84-88 kD that was still immunoreactive with MAb. One of five polyclonal sera tested (with a microsomal antibody titer greater than 1/20,480 measured by the tanned red cell hemagglutination technique) also recognized the 84-88 kD trypsin fragments. Addition of V8 protease led to a disappearance of the 107-kD protein, but not the 101-kD protein, proving that this antigen is formed by two different polypeptides. The MAb bound strongly to thyroid epithelium, whereas binding to papillary carcinoma was absent or low and moderate for follicular and Hurthle cell carcinoma. This study indicates that the thyroid microsomal antigen and TPO are identical and are constituted of two different polypeptides. On SDS-PAGE the antigen appears as two contiguous bands which share common epitopes but are not identical, as proven by their size and difference in susceptibility to proteolytic digestion. The immunoreactivity of the molecule is highly dependent on a trypsin-sensitive site, which appears important in the recognition of the antigen by polyclonal sera and may have biological importance. The expression of microsomal antigenicity is variable among various thyroid carcinomas.
EXPERIMENTAL GENETIC RECOMBINATION IN VIVO BETWEEN ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
Authors: H. Schneider, Samuel B. Formal, L. S. Baron
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Antibiotic-pretreated mice were fed orally an Hfr culture of streptomycin-resistant E. coli and 1 day later, a streptomycin-resistant F(-)S. typhimurium culture. Hybrids were recovered in relatively small numbers from the feces of these mice within 24 hours demonstrating that genetic recombination can occur within the intestinal tract of a mammalian host under experimental conditions. These hybrids multiplied rapidly and persisted throughout the course of the experiment. In addition, hybrids were recovered which had not been observed in single matings performed in vitro.
Mumps Epididymo-orchitis and its Treatment with Cortisone
Authors: R. S. Kocen, E. Critchley
Journal: BMJ (1961)

and Conclusions A small series of patients undergoing open cardiac surgery utilizing an extracorporeal circulation was investigated to demonstrate the effect of perfusion on certain cellular components and coagulation factors of the blood.Thrombocytopenia occurred in 12 of the 13 cases and persisted for at least 24 hours.A neutrophil leucocytosis occurred during perfusion, but the count tended to fall to previous levels by the end of the operation.There was a lymphopenia and eosinopenia.A fall in plasma fibrinogen followed perfusion in 10 of the 13 cases, and there was increased fibrinolysis in five.A constant decrease in plasma fibriniolytic activity was present on the day after operation.The possible significance of this unexpected finding is discussed.The use of the plasma thrombin time to demonstrate residual heparin activity after protamine neutralization is described, and this was present in six of the seven cases investigated.The other case possibly developed a circulating anticoagulant other than heparin.No tendency to bleed developed in these cases, but the investigation of coagulation factors was rendered difficult by the presence of heparin.Changes in coagulation factors were investigated in seven cases.One-stage prothrombin times (factor V and factor VII) and serum thromboplastin generation tests (Christmas factor) were not significantly affected by perfusion even in the presence of traces of heparin.Prothrombin activity as measured by the two-stage method was more sensitive to heparin but was not grossly altered in four cases.In two other cases there was a decrease in prothrombin activity on the day after operation.Antihaemophilic globulin levels were variable, being decreased after operation in two cases and increased in three.No correlation was found between any of the haematological changes and the duration and rate of perfusion.Excess bleeding or purpuric manifestations were not encountered in any patient.Mr. G. H. Wooler kindly suggested this investigation and allowed access to the operation and progress notes of his patients.
Silencing of p29 Affects DNA Damage Responses with UV Irradiation
Authors: Po-Chen Chu, Yuh-Cheng Yang, Yen-Ta Lu, Hsiang-Ting Chen, Lung-Chih Yu, Mau-Sun Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Human p29 is a newly identified nuclear protein whose function is largely undetermined. We found that p29 associated with chromatin, interacted with MCM3, and localized with proliferating cell nuclear antigen foci in the S phase. Silencing of p29 using small interfering RNA duplexes reduced DNA synthesis and increased the expression of p107, a member of the RB family, and of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, accompanied with a decreased expression of DNA polymerase α. Lethal events consisting of premature chromatin condensation with a reduced Chk1 phosphorylation were observed in p29-depleted cells in response to UV irradiation. Intriguingly, the phosphorylation of ataxia telangectasia-mutated kinases at S1981 was suppressed in p29-depleted HeLa cells with UV irradiation, but not in hydroxyurea- and ionizing radiation-treated cells. Taken together, these results reveal a novel function of p29 in the regulation of DNA replication checkpoint responses. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(17): 8484-91)
Twilight sleep after infarction.
Authors: I T Pratt
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Mr. A. R. Gurd (personal communication) has shown that the insertion of cemented or non-cemented prostheses, or Kuntchner nails, all produce similar and marked in- creases in the levels of fat in blood from the femoral vein.It is not surprising that fat is frequently found in the pulmonary vessels of these patients postoperatively.Not much significance can be attached to this finding unless it is combined with an assessment of cardiopulmonary function.Dr. Gresham and colleagues do not comment on fat in the systemic circulation of the patients who died following Thompson prostheses.Patients undergoing femoral head replace- ment with Thompson prostheses are generally old, with pre-existing cardiopul- monary disorders.They are subjected to a second severe episode of stress at operation within a variable interval of the original trauma.A higher mortality rate in these patients compared to those undergoing total hip replacement may be related to the un- satisfactory general condition of the former and to the fact that they are suffering a second episode of stress.-Weare, etc.,
SIMPLE PRESENCE OF AORTIC HOLODIASTOLIC FLOW REVERSAL IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE DOES NOT PREDICT MODERATE AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY: NOVEL EVALUATION OF THE REVERSE TO FORWARD FLOW RATIO BY ECHO COMPARED TO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Brian Fonseca, Adel Younoszai, Bruce Landeck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 1018: The diarylpentanoid curcumin analog GO-Y078 can effectively inhibit tumor angiogenesis through actin disorganization
Authors: shunsuke sugiyama, Chikashi Ishioka, Hiroyuki Shibata
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background Curcumin is a dietary pigment with anti-tumor potential. However, its bioavailability is low, and its numerous analogs are being developed. Diarylpentanoid analogs have approximately 50 times higher tumor suppression potential than curcumin and more effectively regulate various targets including β-catenin, nuclear factor-κB, and caspase-3. Methods Analogs were screened using endothelial cell sprouting and Xenopus vasculogenesis assays. Growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, wound healing, and invasion analyses as well as western blotting and cDNA microarrays were also performed. Stress fiber structures and focal adhesion (FA) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Subcellular analog localization was examined using a biotinylated analog. Results Sprouting and Xenopus assays indicated that GO-Y078 was comparable to the clinically approved angiogenesis inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. Inhibition against endothelial cell growth and migration and apoptosis induction of GO-Y078 were similar to or at most 20 times higher than those of sorafenib and sunitinib. However, inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling was much less than that observed with sorafenib and sunitinib. GO-Y078 inhibited actin stress fiber formation more effectively than sorafenib and sunitinib. It also decreased FA and induced detachment, resulting in anoikis. These potentials were suggested to be the result of mislocalization of heat shock protein 27 and actin as well as downregulation of fibronectin 1. Conclusion GO-Y078 is a new class of angiogenesis inhibitor that suppresses actin organization and vascular endothelial cell FA. Inhibition by these analogs could also be effective for redundancy due to complex angiogenesis signaling. Citation Format: shunsuke sugiyama, Chikashi Ishioka, Hiroyuki Shibata. The diarylpentanoid curcumin analog GO-Y078 can effectively inhibit tumor angiogenesis through actin disorganization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1018. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1018
FOIBLES IN SPECIALISM
Authors: C. F. WAHRER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

One of the easiest tasks is to find fault with existing things, whether they be right or wrong. There is but one other thing as easy, and that is to go wrong, as nearly all the nations of the earth were tempted to depart from the paths of right, and thus prepare the way for their enemies to encompass their destruction. Even after a short season of right-doing the Israelites, as soon as Moses was out of their sight up the mountain, made them a golden calf and worshiped it. They were not the only ones who did this. Some of the most powerful nations of the earth, drunken with the wine of material success, became unmindful of their morals, and departing from the virtues of the fathers, indulged in riotous living, became vain and arrogant, and thus soon went to their destruction. As with nations, so with individuals. Their
Can Physician Education Lower the Cost of Prescription Drugs?
Authors: Linda M. Frazier, J. Trig Brown, George W. Divine, Gayle R. Fleming, Nancy M. Philips, William C. Siegal, Moise A. Khayrallah
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To determine whether an educational program featuring a drug cost manual can assist physicians in reducing their patients' out-of-pocket prescription drug expenses. Design: Prospective controlled trial. Setting: A general internal medicine-teaching clinic in a university hospital. Participants: Fifty-one medical interns. Intervention: Thirty-one interns received a manual of comparative drug prices annotated with prescribing advice, two feedback reports, and weekly cost-oriented prescribing reminders. A control group concurrently participated in a manual-based educational program on cholesterol management. Measurements: Copies of 3012 prescriptions written over 8 months were analyzed. Main Results: Intervention group physicians prescribed less expensive drugs within classes of drugs. The change in drug price score per prescription was - 0.15 (95% Cl, - 0.27 to - 0.04; P = 0.01). A score of 3 was assigned to the most expensive, 2 was assigned to intermediate-priced, and 1 was assigned to the least expensive drug or drugs in the class. An increase of 0.74 months' (Cl, 0.49 to 0.98; P < 0.001) supply of medication was dispensed per prescription, reducing dispensing fees. The program was well accepted by the physicians. Conclusion: This relatively simple educational intervention can help physicians to reduce their patients' drug expenses and may serve as a model for incorporating cost information into the routine practice of medicine.
Characterisation of plasma and tissue atrial natriuretic factor during development of moderate high output heart failure in the rat
Authors: G. Qing, R. Garcia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The aims were (1) to characterise plasma and tissue atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) levels, haemodynamic variables, and renal function at different stages of moderate chronic high output heart failure in the rat; and (2) to assess the contribution of the atria and ventricles to plasma ANF levels.Plasma and tissue ANF levels, haemodynamics, and renal function were evaluated at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks after the development of aorto-caval shunts. Sham operated animals served as controls at identical time points. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 225-275 g were used in all experiments.Mean arterial blood pressure was lower and right atrial pressure was higher in the aorto-caval shunt groups than in sham operated controls at all time periods. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure was increased significantly in aorto-caval shunt rats at 1, 2, and 4 weeks when compared with their control counterparts. Plasma COOH terminal and NH2 terminal ANF concentrations were increased significantly in aorto-caval shunt animals. Plasma ANF was positively correlated with right atrial pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure in aorto-caval shunt rats but not in sham operated controls. Aorto-caval shunt animals also developed marked cardiac hypertrophy with decreased atrial ANF concentration, but not content, and increased ventricular ANF concentration and content. Despite high plasma ANF concentrations, aorto-caval shunt rats had a lower packed cell volume at all observed periods and reduced urinary sodium excretion and urinary volume at 1 and 2 weeks, with trends to a reduction at 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Body weight was higher in aorto-caval shunt animals at 16 weeks than in sham operated controls.(1) Chronically increased cardiac filling pressure stimulated not only ANF release but also ANF synthesis in each cardiac chamber, which in turn contributed to raised plasma ANF concentrations in aorto-caval shunt rats; (2) an attenuated renal response to endogenous ANF and sodium and water retention were apparent in A-C shunt rats. Activation of neurohormonal vasoconstrictor systems and gradually decreased plasma ANF concentrations may contribute to sodium and water retention at different stages of this experimental model of heart failure.
CAPITAL OPERATIONS FOR THE CURE OF TINNITUS AURIUM.
Authors: W. SOHIER BRYANT
Journal: JAMA (1905)

I collected the material for this paper during my preparations for an excision of the auditory nerve in a case of grave tinnitus aurium, with suicidal tendencies. Several weeks were consumed in work on the cadaver and in designing special instruments. During this time my patient improved so much under enforced hygiene a capital operation no longer appeared justifiable. <h3>Patient.</h3> —The patient was a psychopathic, neurasthenic man of 40, in fair physical condition and nutrition. <h3>History.</h3> —He smoked to excess and had a questionable specific history. He complained of tinnitus on the left side, of inability to conduct his business, of disappointed ambitions, and of loss of sleep. Beginning in his fourth year, the left ear had continued to discharge until he was 26 years old. Some loss of hearing followed early, but a considerable part of the hearing was later lost suddenly. When he was 28 years old, the
New guidelines aim to increase recognition and treatment of anxiety disorders
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

New guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) urges GPs to be alert to possible anxiety disorders, particularly in people with a history of the condition or who have had a recent traumatic event.

The new guideline, Common mental health disorders: identification and pathways to care , says recognition of anxiety disorders is particularly poor in primary care and only a minority of people with anxiety disorders receive treatment.

Common mental health disorders such as depression, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and social anxiety disorder can affect up to 15% of the population at any time.

Launching the guidance, Steve Pilling, director of the National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, said: “Only one in 10 people with anxiety disorder are picked up in primary care …
Management of hyperlipidaemia after coronary revascularisation: follow up study
Authors: E. Delacretaz, P. G Michalopoulos, J. Ruiz, H. Saner, B. Meier
Journal: BMJ (1998)

We evaluated the management of cardiovascular risk factors focusing on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia in 245 patients who had had their first coronary revascularisation in a university hospital 1 year earlier.
The myth of complexity
Authors: T. D Weaver, S. Patterson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Thompson’s comment on Bessen and colleagues’ attempt to encourage uptake of the Ottawa ankle rules perpetuates the ubiquitous misuse of the term complex.1 2 Referring to the clinical decision tool as complex detracts from the challenges of achieving change in adaptive systems showing “dynamic conservatism.”3 The delivery of health care entails people and procedures operating in systems designed to achieve …
Guideline Compliant Irradiation Following Breast Conserving Surgery or Mastectomy Improves Recurrence Free Survival.
Authors: C. Kurzeder, R. Wolters, M. Wischnewsky, A. Woeckel, Z. Atassi, T. Wiegel, R. Kreienberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Two pivotal studies by Veronesi and Fisher have established the concept of breast conserving surgery for small breast cancers stage T1 or with size less than 4 cm respectively. The aim of this retrospective study was to validate the current practice of BCS in an unselected cohort of patients within the network of 16 regional breast cancer centres in germany and to quantify the detrimental effect of guideline non-compliant locoregional therapy on recurrence free survival.Methods: 4507 patients who received primary therapy between 1992 and 2005 were recorded. Data on surgery, axillary dissection and postoperative irradiation were used to categorize patients according to adherence to guidelines. The effect of guideline compliant locoregional therapy on recurrence free survival was calculated.Results: Out of 3579 patients (79.4%) who were treated by BCS 3036 (84.8%) received postoperative irradiation as mandated by the guideline. A total of 928 (20.6%) patients underwent mastectomy, out of these a fraction of 344 patients received postoperative irradiation as required by the guideline. No significant difference in recurrence free survival was found between patients who underwent BCS plus postoperative irradiation and those patients who underwent mastectomy (T1: HR=1.08 (95%-CI: 0.70-1.67), p=0.281; T2: HR=1.21 (95%-CI: 0.61 - 2.39), p=0.577). Guideline compliant locoregional therapy resulted in a significant improvement in RFS as shown for patients receiving guideline compliant BCS plus irradiation or guideline compliant mastectomy without irradiation versus patients with any type of non-compliant locoregional therapy (HR=3.53, 95%-CI: 2.97-4.18, p&amp;lt;0.001).Conclusion: Our findings support current clinical practice of BCS in small tumors as initially indicated and also in tumors of stage T2. Violations of guidelines for locoregional therapy were clearly associated with a poorer prognosis. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4106.
National Certification of Physicians' Assistants by Uniform Examinations
Authors: Malcolm C. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The past few years have seen extensive activity by educational institutions in various parts of the United States in developing new physician-support occupations, generically termed "physicians' assistants." Within this subject area discussion has focused on several perplexing issues: How will PA's fit into the present medical care team; will they be accepted by the patient and by other members of the health team; how will the use of PA's affect the cost of medical care; what training should they receive; what will be their impact on the shortage of health services; what will be their effect on liability and malpractice definitions and coverage; and what professional recognition should be accorded them? At the heart of all these issues has been the primary problem of identifying the appropriate role and functions for this new category of health manpower; specifically, what will the "physician's assistant" do on the job? The real work
Perinatal epidemiology in Wonderland.
Authors: J Golding
Journal: BMJ (1979)

of them,4 we suggest, is irrelevant and another two, from signatories to this letter,5 (i did in honesty mention this as a possibility without substantiating it with any evidence.In fact, in all our work with oral methionine in paracetamol poisoning we have never found any toxicity from it whatsoever.In conclusion, we are happy to leave it to your readers to make up their own minds on the facts before them.After all, it is almost a question of "you pays your money and takes your choice."In these days of economic stringency, above all in the National Health Service, it might be worth mentioning that the course of oral methionine that we recommend in these circumstances will attract a charge of some 80p whereas the corresponding course of N-acetylcysteine as a "special intravenous preparation (Parvolex, Duncan Flockhart)" will cost more than £30.
Platelet-derived microparticles bind to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and enhance their engraftment
Authors: Anna Janowska-Wieczorek, Marcin Majka, Jacek Kijowski, Monika Baj-Krzyworzeka, Ryan Reca, A. Robert Turner, Janina Ratajczak, Steven G. Emerson, M. Anna Kowalska, Mariusz Z. Ratajczak
Journal: Blood (2001)