tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outward currents underlying repolarization in human atrial myocytes
Authors: L. Firek, W.R. Giles
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Objective: The goals of this study were to identify the types of outward potassium (K+) currents that are activated at membrane potentials corresponding to the plateau of the action potential in human atrial myocytes, and to compare their properties with published data describing the K+ channels which have been cloned from a human cDNA library. Methods: Specimens of right atrial appendages were obtained from patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Single myocytes were isolated enzymatically and whole cell voltage- and current-clamp recording techniques were applied. Results: The outward K+ current in most cells consisted of transient and sustained (non-inactivating) components. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, 50 μM) broadened the action potential and increased the plateau height by blocking a Ca2+-independent transient outward K+ current (It). The transient and the pedestal components could also be separated by using two pulse voltage-clamp protocols to inactivate them: the transient component was inactivated completely by 400 ms depolarizing pre-pulses (−80 to 0 mV). In contrast, the inactivation of the pedestal component was not complete even when very long (2500 ms) pre-pulses were applied. The time-course of inactivation of the K+ currents in most cells could be described mathematically by the sum of two exponential functions. The faster of the two processes underlying inactivation was voltage-independent for membrane voltages between +10 and +40 mV. The dependence of the recovery kinetics (reactivation) of It on [K+]0 was also studied. When [K+]0 was reduced from 5.4 to 1.0 mM, reactivation slowed significantly. In a small fraction of atrial cells, a slowly activating delayed rectifier current was also identified. Conclusions: These results provide additional information concerning the ionic mechanising) for early and late repolarization, and they allow findings from electrophysiologically viable human atrial cells to be related to recent information regarding the molecular biology of potassium currents in human heart.
Acute Rheumatic Fever in Children
Authors: Katharine Dodge Brownell
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A total of 347 school children in Manhattan had verified attacks of rheumatic fever in 1963, 1964, and 1965. The average annual incidence in children aged five through 14 years was 61/100,000(49/100,000 first attacks and 12/100,000 recurrences). Incidence in the lowest income area was more than three times that in a high and middle income area. Although initial attacks of rheumatic fever continue to occur in appreciable numbers, the prescription of prophylactic medication has reduced the incidence of recurrences. However, almost half of those who had recurrences developed heart disease. Primary and secondary prevention programs must be intensified, especially in low-income urban areas, if rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are to become diseases of the past.
Shortage of Physiotherapists
Authors: R. S. Savidge
Journal: BMJ (1971)

island.As it is, their recommendations will drive out the few who already do manufac- ture there.Unfortunately, similar attitudes prevail in many other developing countries.If, instead, they realized that it is possible for developing countries to attract foreign-owned factories to manufacture pharmaceuticals for export-as is already happening extensively in the Far East-it would open a new avenue through which the richer countries could fulfil their responsibility to contribute to the prosperity of the poorer.-I am, etc.,
Liver Scanning and Liver Function Tests
Authors: Frank F. Gollin, J. LeRoy Sims, John R. Cameron
Journal: JAMA (1964)

To assess the value, sensitivity, and reliability of radioisotopic hepatic photoscanning, results of 380 liver scans performed on 357 patients were compared with final diagnosis and results of liver function tests on these patients. An attempt was made to determine whether new informaion was obtained or that from conventional methods merely duplicated. Abnormal scans indicating localized disease were highly reliable, with less than 2.5% false positives. Normal scans did not exclude focal disease, but scans were more sensitive than any other method available in its detection. The alkaline phosphatase, almost as sensitive in detection of localized disease, yielded false positives twice as often. Scanning was of limited value in detection of diffuse disease. It was useful in guiding needle biopsy for metastases and in localizing intra- and parahepatic abscesses.
PREDICTIVE POTENTIALS OF DISTAL EMBOLISM DURING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI) BY INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND (IVUS) AND MULTI DETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (MDCT)
Authors: Masaaki Okutsu, Satoru Sumitsuji, Ryo Anayama, Takashi Kitao, Ko Kotani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Low cholesterol concentrations and severe depressive symptoms in elderly people
Authors: S L Brown, M E Salive, T B Harris, E M Simonsick, J M Guarlnik, F J Kohout
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To investigate the reported association between low serum cholestrol concentration and severe depressive symptoms in an elderly population. <b>Design</b> : Cross sectional analysis of pooled data from three communities of the established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly. Participants who completed their interview, including the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies9 depression scale and consented to measurement of their cholesterol concentration were included in the study. <b>Subjects</b> : 3939 men and women aged [elp]71. <b>Methods</b> : X<sup>2</sup> analysis, t tests, and multivariate regression analysis of the association between low cholesterol concentration and severe depressive symptoms. All analyses were stratified by sex, and multivariate analyses were adjusted for age, self reported health, physical function, number of drugs used, and weight loss. Main outcome measure - Score of depressive symptoms on the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies9 depression scale. <b>Results</b> : Depressive symptoms, cholesterol concentration, weight, and use of drugs were all associated with age in men and women. The relative odds of severe depressive symptoms (score &gt;=16) for those with low cholesterol concentrations (&lt;4.14 mmol/l) were 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.3) for the older group of men and 1.8 (1.1 to 2.9) for the older group of women. This association was also observed when depressive symptoms were analysed as a continuous rather than a categorical variable. In multivariate models that adjusted for age, self reported health, physical function, number of drugs used, and weight loss, the association was substantially weakened. <b>Conclusions</b> : After several factors relating to health had been controlled for, no significant association between low cholesterol concentration and severe depressive symptoms was found.
Prescription OxyContin Abuse Among Patients Entering Addiction Treatment
Authors: Deni Carise, Karen Leggett Dugosh,, A. Thomas McLellan, Amy Camilleri, George E. Woody, Kevin G. Lynch
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: OxyContin and other pharmaceutical opioids have been given special attention in the media, who frequently describe problematic users of the drug as previously drug-naive individuals who become addicted following legitimate prescriptions for medical reasons. The purpose of this study was to characterize the nature and origins of pharmaceutical opioid addiction among patients presenting at substance abuse treatment programs. Method: The authors evaluated the prevalence and correlates of OxyContin use and abuse among a population of 27,816 subjects admitted to 157 addiction treatment programs in the United States from 2001–2004. The data collected included the lifetime and past 30-day use of OxyContin and other drugs prior to admission to addiction treatment, source of drug supply, and prior treatment history. Results: Approximately 5% of all subjects who were admitted to the 157 addiction treatment programs reported prior use of OxyContin. Of those subjects, 4.5% reported using the drug on a regular basis for at least 1 year, and 2% reported use of the drug during the 30 days prior to admission. Seventy-eight percent of subjects who reported OxyContin use also reported that the drug had not been prescribed to them for any medical reason, 86% reported use of the drug to "get high or get a buzz," and 78% reported receiving prior treatment for a substance use disorder. Conclusions: The patients in this sample did not include individuals from private therapists or pain clinics. However, among treatment-seeking individuals who use OxyContin, the drug is most frequently obtained from nonmedical sources as part of a broader and longer-term pattern of multiple substance abuse.
P345Isolation and identification of a new source of human stem cells expanded from pediatric congenital heart disease
Authors: JN Wang, TK Wong, CD Kan, JM Wu, WT Chiu, HC Chan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: During congenital heart surgery, surgeons often need to perform a cardiac incision to repair the defect. When the heart is injured (incision), the healing mechanism of regeneration begins. Therefore, recent evidences had shown that stem cell mobilization is the naturally process after the heart surgery. Current studies also reported the regenerative capacity of human cardiac progenitor cells in young patients with nonischemic congenital heart defects for potential use in congenital heart defect repair. Drainage of blood and tissue fluid from mediastinum and pleural space is a routine practice to establish adequate evacuation of blood after cardiac surgery. Is that possible that we can isolation, identification, and expansion stem cells from the drainage fluid of open heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease? Methods: We collected the drain fluid in the congenital heart disease patients after surgery. Drain fluids were collected 24 hour and 48 hour after operation in an aseptic container which contained 300 ml of iced saline and was kept at 4 °C. We completed the isolation and expansion of stem cells from open heart surgery drain fluids by using the flow cytometry. We also performed the immunocytochemistry study to stem cell markers on drainage fluid-derived stem cells (DDSCs). Results: We had collected the drain fluid in 37 congenital heart disease patients after surgery were. Patients' age ranged from 3 days to 43 months. The isolation and expansion of stem cells from open heart surgery drain fluids by using the flow cytometry were done. The average cells yield of the first 24-hour drainage fluid was 6.3 ± 3.0 x 106, and 2.2 ± 1.4 x 106 for the second 24-hour. DDSCs expressed similar stem - associated cell markers including CD31, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, CD117, and CD133. Spindle-like cells spread out on the culture dish On 6-7 days-in-vitro (DIV). Spindle-like cells became confluent with cardiospheres grew on top on 14 DIV. Immunofluorescence staining of CD117 (c-kit) also revealed positive in the cardiospheres (CS), indicating the presence of cardiac stem cells. Conclusions: The present study has provided a practical method for obtaining autologous human stem cells. Further animal study is important for more clinical cell-based applications.
Certification of Mobile Apps for Health Care—Reply
Authors: Adam C. Powell, Adam B. Landman, David W. Bates
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Indian Public Health Leaders Move to Reduce Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) induces a migratory phenotype in a CD44-dependent manner: Possible role of HBx in invasion and metastasis
Authors: Enrique Lara-Pezzi, Juan M. Serrador, María C. Montoya, David Zamora, María Yáñez-Mó, Marta Carretero, Heinz Furthmayr, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Manuel López-Cabrera
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its possible contribution to the metastatic spreading of liver tumors has not been explored so far. We report here the ability of HBx to enhance cell motility, both alone and in synergy with growth factors, and to induce a migratory phenotype in transformed cells. HBx altered the cellular morphology by inducing the formation of pseudopodial protrusions and cytoskeletal rearrangements, which was accompanied by the polarization of cell–surface adhesion molecules, including the hyaluronan (HA) receptor, CD44. Furthermore, HBx induced the redistribution to the pseudopodial tips of F–actin-binding proteins of the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) family in a Rho– and Rac–dependent manner and increased the association of CD44 with moesin. The migration of HBx–bearing cells in response to HA and growth factors was impaired by a blocking anti–CD44 monoclonal antibody (mAb), suggesting that the HBx–induced cell motility is partially mediated by CD44. Interestingly, HBx–bearing cells showed increased HA–interaction efficiency as assessed under laminar flow conditions, which was the result, at least in part, of an enhanced binding affinity of CD44. HBx may therefore contribute to the acquisition of metastatic properties by modifying the migratory behavior of transformed hepatocytes and by increasing their ability to bind HA in the outer margin of the tumors or in secondary target organs. (Hepatology 2001;33:1270–1281.)
Fatal Aplastic Anaemia after Chloramphenicol
Authors: B. Wolman
Journal: BMJ (1952)

APLASTIC ANAEMIA AFTER CHLORAMPHENICOL MDCALOURNAL derivatives.The occurrence of all these manifestations dur- ing or after chloramphenicol treatment supports the supposition that its toxic action is comparable with that of other aminobenzene or nitrobenzene derivatives. SummaryTwo fatal cases of aplastic anaemia in children, occur- ring at a considerable interval after chloramphenicol therapy, are reported.Jaundice preceded symptoms of blood disorder.Haematological and necropsy findings are described.We are indebted to Dr.
Hepatic HIF-2 regulates erythropoietic responses to hypoxia in renal anemia
Authors: Pinelopi P. Kapitsinou, Qingdu Liu, Travis L. Unger, Jennifer Rha, Olena Davidoff, Brian Keith, Jonathan A. Epstein, Sheri L. Moores, Connie L. Erickson-Miller, Volker H. Haase
Journal: Blood (2010)
Characterization of the relative thrombogenicity of atherosclerotic plaque components: Implications for consequences of plaque rupture
Authors: Antonio Fernández-Ortiz, Juan J. Badimon, Erling Falk, Valentín Fuster, Beat Meyer, Alessandra Mailhac, Dan Weng, Prediman K. Shah, Lina Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
EFFECTS OF CHRONIC HYPERCAPNIA ON ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM. II. RECOVERY, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INFLUENCE OF CHLORIDE INTAKE*
Authors: William B. Schwartz, Richard M. Hays, Adolf Polak, Gordon D. Haynie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1961)

Previous studies in both the rat (1, 2) and the dog (3) have demonstrated that chronic respiratory acidosis induces profound alterations in electrolyte balance, but little is known concerning the changes that occur when the stimulus of hypercapnia is withdrawn.The present experiments were undertaken in order to define the process of recovery, and to determine how it is influenced by the availability of sodium and chloride in the diet.For this purpose, balance studies were carried out in dogs returned to room air after a long period of exposure to a high CO2 atmosphere. METHODSTen balance studies were carried out in 10 healthy fe- male mongrel dogs weighing between 13 and 20 kg.The experimental procedure, analytical methods, and calcu- lation of the balance data were the same as those described in the preceding paper (3).In order to study the influence of sodium and chloride intake, the animals were divided into three groups whose diet was identical except in the following respects: 1) 4 dogs received 50 to 70 mEq of sodium and chloride daily (high-salt group); 2) 4 dogs received approximately 5 mEq of sodium and 3 mEq of chloride daily (low-salt group); in 3 this diet was supplemented by 60 to 120 mmoles of sodium chloride daily in the latter part of the study period; 3) 2 dogs received a diet identical with that of the low-salt group except that sufficient potassium chloride was added in lieu of potassium phosphate to raise the daily chloride in- take to 13 mEq.Seven of the animals were among those described in the preceding paper on adaptation to hypercapnia
Volumetric and Angiogenic Evaluation of Antitumor Effects with Acoustic Liposome and High-Frequency Ultrasound
Authors: Tetsuya Kodama, Noriko Tomita, Yoko Yagishita, Sachiko Horie, Kenichi Funamoto, Toshiyuki Hayase, Maya Sakamoto, Shiro Mori
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Acoustic liposomes (AL) have their inherent echogenicity and can add functionality in serving as drug carriers with tissue specificity. Nonuniform vascular structures and vascular branches/bends are evaluated by imaging the intravascular movement locus of ALs with high-frequency ultrasound (HF-US) imaging. However, the evaluation of antitumor effects on angiogenesis by ALs and HF-US imaging has not been reported. Here, we show that the combination of ALs and an HF-US imaging system is capable of noninvasively evaluating antitumor volumetric and angiogenic effects in preclinical mouse models of various cancers. In this study, the antitumor effects of cisplatin on tumor growth and angiogenesis in mice bearing two different types of tumor cells were assessed. By tracking each AL flowing in the vessel and transferring the images to personal computers, microvessel structures were mapped and reconstructed using the color difference based on SD method. The antitumor effects were confirmed with an in vivo bioluminescence imaging system and immunohistochemical analysis. Our results show that cisplatin inhibits tumor growth by decreasing intratumoral vessel area but does not affect the angiogenesis ratio in the tumor. The vascular occupancy in the outer region of the tumor was larger than that in the inner region; however, both occupancies were similar to those of the control tumor. We propose that this method of mapping microvessels with ALs and an HF-US system can serve as a new molecular imaging method for the assessment of angiogenesis and can be applied to evaluate the antitumor effects by various therapeutic agents.
Arterial Stiffness Is Increased in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Gemma Llauradó, Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Carme Vilardell, Rafael Simó, Núria Freixenet, Joan Vendrell, José Miguel González-Clemente
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

To investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and low-grade inflammation in subjects with type 1 diabetes without clinical cardiovascular disease.Sixty-eight patients with type 1 diabetes and 68 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were evaluated. Arterial stiffness was assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV). Serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and soluble fractions of tumor necrosis factor-α receptors 1 and 2 (sTNFαR1 and sTNFαR2, respectively) were measured. All statistical analyses were stratified by sex.Subjects with diabetes had a higher aPWV compared with healthy control subjects (men: 6.9 vs. 6.3 m/s, P < 0.001; women: 6.4 vs. 6.0 m/s, P = 0.023). These differences remained significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Men with diabetes had higher concentrations of hsCRP (1.2 vs. 0.6 mg/L; P = 0.036), IL-6 (0.6 vs. 0.3 pg/mL; P = 0.002), sTNFαR1 (2,739 vs. 1,410 pg/mL; P < 0.001), and sTNFαR2 (2,774 vs. 2,060 pg/mL; P < 0.001). Women with diabetes only had higher concentrations of IL-6 (0.6 vs. 0.4 pg/mL; P = 0.039). In men with diabetes, aPWV correlated positively with hsCRP (r = 0.389; P = 0.031) and IL-6 (r = 0.447; P = 0.008), whereas in women with diabetes no significant correlation was found. In men, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the following variables were associated independently with aPWV: age, BMI, type 1 diabetes, and low-grade inflammation (R(2) = 0.543). In women, these variables were age, BMI, mean arterial pressure, and type 1 diabetes (R(2) = 0.550).Arterial stiffness assessed as aPWV is increased in patients with type 1 diabetes without clinical cardiovascular disease, independently of classical cardiovascular risk factors. In men with type 1 diabetes, low-grade inflammation is independently associated with arterial stiffness.
Federal Ruling Reins In Liberal HIV Testing Law, Consensus Still Lacking on Controversial Issue
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1993)

DESPITE ATTEMPTS in recent years to destigmatize AIDS by treating the illness like any other infectious disease, an Alabama court says it still isn't so. In an October ruling, a federal judge in Montgomery, Ala, declared unconstitutional the portion of a state law that allowed HIV testing without written, informed consent if, based on a physician's "reasonable medical judgment," the patient is at high risk for infection. Overall, the 2-year-old law requires HIV testing with written, informed consent. But it listed three exceptions. Still intact are provisions that state explicit consent is unnecessary for the protection of health care workers, or if knowledge of the patient's HIV status will change the course of medical care. By upholding the two exceptions, advocates who believe that there is no substitute for explicit consent say the ruling doesn't go far enough. However, the decision appears to halt the pendulum pushed by some groups,