tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Viral Persistence in the Myocardium Is Associated With Progressive Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Uwe Kühl, Matthias Pauschinger, Bettina Seeberg, Dirk Lassner, Michel Noutsias, Wolfgang Poller, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Cardiotropic viral infections have been suspected as one possible cause of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Although adverse outcomes in dilated cardiomyopathy patients have been documented, the natural course of heart diseases caused by cardiotropic viruses is unknown.Consecutive patients (n=172) with biopsy-proven viral infection in endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) were followed up by reanalysis of EMBs and hemodynamic measurements after a median period of 6.8 months (range, 5.4 to 11.9). Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR were performed to analyze the genomic sequences. Myocardial inflammation was assessed by histology and immunohistology. At baseline, 32.6% of EMBs in the study group contained enteroviral (EV) RNA, 8.1% adenovirus (ADV) DNA, 36.6% parvovirus B19 (PVB19) DNA, and 10.5% human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6) DNA. In 12.2% of the samples, dual infection with PVB19 and HHV6 was present. Follow-up analysis of EMBs by PCR documented spontaneous clearance of viral genomes in 36.2% (55/151) of all patients with single infections. Virus-specific clearance rates were 50% for EV, 35.7% for ADV, 22.2% for PVB19, and 44.4% for HHV6. In patients with dual infection with PVB19+ and HHV6(+)-, HHV6 was cleared in 42.8% (9/21), whereas PVB19 persisted in all 21 patients. Clearance of viral genomes was associated with a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), improving from 50.2+/-19.1% to 58.1+/-15.9% (P<0.001). In contrast, LV function decreased in patients with persisting viral genomes (LVEF, 54.3+/-16.1% versus 51.4+/-16.1%, P<0.01).In this first biopsy-based analysis of the course of viral heart disease, we show that EV, ADV, PVB19, and HHV6 persistence detected in the myocardium of patients with LV dysfunction was associated with a progressive impairment of LVEF, whereas spontaneous viral elimination was associated with a significant improvement in LV function.
Rogue surgeon was allowed to continue operating for years because patients' interests were not put first, report says
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A rogue surgeon was able to go on performing risky operations for years on women with breast cancer despite concerns raised by colleagues who were “at their wits’ end,” a damning report has found.1

Oncologists and radiologists told managers at Solihull Hospital that Ian Paterson was performing unauthorised “cleavage saving mastectomies” that left breast tissue behind and increased the risk of the cancer recurring. A consultant oncologist first raised the issue in 2004 after carrying out an unofficial audit.

But a review by Ian Kennedy, former chairman of the Healthcare Commission, found that weak management at Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, a closed culture, and a failure to put the patient first let Paterson go on operating until mid-2011.

Paterson, who was appointed a consultant at …
Blue Cross/Blue Shield Decides To Cover Costs for Some Clinical Trials
Authors: J. Waalen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Blue Cross/Blue Shield Decides To Cover Costs for Some Clinical Trials Get access Jill Waalen Jill Waalen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 23, 5 December 1990, Pages 1804–1805, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.23.1804 Published: 05 December 1990
Prostaglandins and Glaucoma
Authors: A. M. Wyllie, J. H. Wyllie
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Human aqueous humour was found to contain a substance which contracted the rat stomach strip. The mean activity was significantly higher in specimens from open angle glaucoma cases than in specimens from patients with cataract. The pharmacological and chromatographic properties of the active material were studied in aqueous humour obtained from cadavers; activity seemed to be due to prostaglandin E(1). These results suggest that prostaglandin E(1) may play some part in the aetiology of open angle glaucoma.
Functional recovery after coronary revascularization for chronic coronary artery disease is dependent on maintenance of oxidative metabolism
Authors: Robert J. Gropler, Edward M. Geltman, Kondapuram Sampathkumaran, Julio E. Pérez, Stephen M. Moerlein, Burton E. Sobel, Steven R. Bergmann, Barry A. Siegel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Aspirin-tolerant asthmatics generate more lipoxins than aspirin-intolerant asthmatics
Authors: M. Sanak, B.D. Levy, C.b Clish, N Chiang, K Gronert, L Mastalerz, C.n Serhan, A Szczeklik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

Asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation resulting from overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes (LT). The authors questioned the biosynthetic capacity of asthmatic patients for lipoxins (LX) and 15-epimer lipoxins (15-epi-LX), endogenous regulators of inflammatory responses that inhibit pro-inflammatory events. Levels of LXA4, 15-epi-LXA4 and LTC4 were determined in 14 clinically characterized aspirin-intolerant asthmatics (AIA), 11 aspirin-tolerant asthmatics (ATA) and eight healthy volunteers using a stimulated whole blood protocol. Both LXA4 and 15-epi-LXA4 were generated in whole blood activated by the divalent cation ionophore, A23187. Higher levels of LXA4 were produced in ATA than either AIA or healthy volunteers. Exposure of AIA whole blood to interleukin-3 prior to A23187 did not elevate their reduced capacity to generate LXA4. Generation of a bronchoconstrictor, LTC4, was similar in both AIA and ATA. Consequently, the ratio of LXA4:LTC4 quantitatively favoured the bronchoconstrictor for AIA and differed from both ATA and healthy subjects. In addition, the capacity for 15-epi-LXA4 generation was also diminished in AIA, since whole blood stimulated in the presence of aspirin gave increased levels only in samples from ATA. The present results indicate that asthmatics possess the capacity to generate both lipoxins and 15-epimer-lipoxins, but aspirin-intolerant asthmatics display a lower biosynthetic capacity than aspirin-tolerant asthmatics for these potentially protective lipid mediators. This previously unappreciated, diminished capacity for lipoxin formation by aspirin-intolerant asthmatic patients may contribute to their more severe clinical phenotype, and represents a novel paradigm for the development of chronic inflammatory disorders.
TCT-148 TAXUS Liberté paclitaxel-eluting stent with aspirin plus prasugrel is associated with low target vessel failure, bleeding and adverse event rates among diabetic patients with "on-label" stent indications
Authors: Kirk N. Garratt, Charles Lambert, Ameer Kabour, Martha Stewart, Patrick Hall, J. William Phillips, Kenneth J. Winters, Thomas Christen, Keith D. Dawkins, David P. Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Radiation and Radiomimetic Chemicals: Comparative Physiological Effects
Authors: George R. Meckstroth
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Knowledge of the effects of ionizing radiations on the physiological processes has been steadily accumulated since Roentgen's discovery. With the evolution of atomic energy, further interest has been stimulated in the effects of radiation on biological systems. Shortly after the splitting of the atom came the discovery that certain types of chemicals can cause biological effects similar to those produced by radiation. The present volume defines the types of chemicals whose biological effects are so similar to those produced by radiation that they have been termed "radiomimetic." The author carefully compares the physiological effects produced by radiation and certain of these radiomimetic chemicals, such as busulfan (Myleran) and chlorambucil (Leukeran), and discusses in considerable detail the hematological effects of these two categories. Special attention is paid to blood response patterns. Of the nine chapters presented, five are devoted to hematological aspects, such as relation between effects on growth rate and
Technical hazards of using nutritive mixtures in bags for cyclical intravenous nutrition: comparison with standard intravenous nutrition in 48 gastroenterological patients.
Authors: B Messing, M Beliah, F Girard-Pipau, D Leleve, J J Bernier
Journal: Gut (1982)

Three methods for dispensing nutritional solutions are compared in 48 patients with gastrointestinal diseases on intravenous nutrition during 3582 days. The protocol for intravenous nutrition applied by the nursing team and the solutions used were the same in the three groups. In group A standard bottles were used, while in group B, 31PVC-disposable bags were used--with fat emulsion included (group B1) or with fat excluded (group B2). When fat was excluded from the bags it was infused separately from a bottle. The mixtures were made under laminar flow by the nursing team who applied a strict protocol which included bacteriological testing. The infection rate observed in the bags was 0.046%. The rate of septic complications was not significantly reduced in group B2 or B1 compared with group A; the type of container used was therefore unimportant and the key was the aseptic handling of the intravenous solutions. The rate of mechanical complications, mainly due to catheter obstruction, was higher (p less than 0.001) when fat was included in the bags--that is, in group B1--than in groups B2 and A. For 26 patients a cyclical regime of intermittent feeding was easier to manage when bags were used. In group B, this system replaced the continuous method n 75% of all therapeutic days without adverse effect; it improved compliance and allowed ambulatory treatment. The use of cyclical feeding with separate fat infusions has further reduced the hazards of intravenous nutrition and allowed the development of a programme that can be implemented at home.
Abuse of Drugs "for Kicks": A Review of 252 Admissions
Authors: J. A. H. Forrest, R. A. Tarala
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Abuse of drugs "for kicks" is becoming more common in Great Britain. This article reviews 252 consecutive cases of drug abuse admitted to the Regional Poisoning Treatment Centre, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, during 1971 and 1972. Of the 189 patients (146 males and 43 females; mean age 20 years) 72% of admissions occurred between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m., and Saturday was the most common day for admissions. The commonest source of referral was via the police or ambulance service. Barbiturates were the drugs most often abused, followed by LSD (lysergide) and Mandrax (methaqualone and diphenhydramine). Sixty-five per cent. of patients had previously abused drugs. Medical care was required in 45% of the admissions. Sixty per cent. were in social class 4 or 5 and psychiatric and social support was required in only a small minority of patients.
88 CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND NAPROXEN AUGMENT THE METABOLIC EFFECT OF HEPATOCYTE TRANSPLANTATION IN THE GUNN RAT MODEL OF CRIGLER-NAJJAR SYNDROME TYPE 1 BY ENHANCING DONOR CELL ENGRAFTMENT
Authors: Y. Avsar, H. Zhou, X. Wang, J. Ding, C. Guha, I.J. Fox, N. Roy-Chowdhury, J. Roy-Chowdhury
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Maritime Medicine
Authors: Hans A. Brings
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Opportunistic screening for depression can improve carers' health, says college
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Royal College of General Practitioners is calling for more to be done to ensure that carers don’t neglect their health, such as by undergoing routine checks for depression.

The college estimates that at least one in 20 patients registered with every general practice is now a carer. Around 40% of the seven million carers in the United Kingdom are thought to experience psychological distress or depression.

The college has …
Timolol-Induced Bronchospasm-Reply
Authors: Robert B. Schoene
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The comments from Drs Dunn and Mandelkorn were greatly appreciated. Of particular interest was the confusion regarding periodic FEV<sub>1</sub>readings that were in fact taken in both groups at the stated intervals and that we thought were not close enough to cause substantial fatigue in simple spirometry. Because we wanted to try to show an effect, we used a 0.5% timolol solution, but we agree that it would be important to see if a 0.2% solution would be safer. Punctal occlusion also might be important to minimize systemic absorption. Plasma timolol levels could also be used to help quantitate absorption. We thank the correspondents for their helpful suggestions.
STUDIES ON IMMUNE HUMAN HEMOLYSIS
Authors: Carl F. Hinz, Mary E. Picken, Irwin H. Lepow
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

1. The inactivation, of C'1 blocks the completion of the cold phase of the Donath-Landsteiner reaction; inactivation of the other components of complement does not interfere with the cold phase of the reaction. 2. C'2, C'3, and C'4 are required for the completion of the hemolytic reaction. C'4 reacts in either the cold or warm phase, but C'2 and C'3 must react in the warm phase. 3. Partially purified C'1 or C'1 esterase can be substituted for whole serum in the cold phase, although neither reagent contains any of the other components of complement 4. Partially purified serum inhibitor of C'1 esterase blocks the effect of C'1 esterase in the cold phase, and reverses the effect of complement, C'1 or C'1 esterase when incubated with "activated" cells after the cold phase. 5. C'1 esterase activity can be eluted from "activated" erythrocytes with Na(3)EDTA. 6. The components of human complement in this human hemolytic reaction act in the order C'1, C'4, C'2, C'3. Ca(++) is required for the reaction with C'1, and Mg(++) is required for the reaction with C'2. 7. Accordingly, a functional role of C'1 esterase in a human disease state is demonstrated, and a human model is established for the study of the mechanism of action of complement.
Psychology as Science
Authors: E. A. Bennet
Journal: BMJ (1950)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Neuroleptics and neuroleptic-like drugs are known to induce parkinsonism, which may reveal underlying Parkinson disease (PD) in some cases. We assessed the long-term risk of developing PD after past exposure to these drugs, in a 15-year prospective population-based elderly cohort study. <h3>Methods:</h3> We used the Cox proportional hazards model to assess the relation between past exposure to neuroleptics and the risk of developing incident PD. All incident cases of parkinsonism were identified by standardized procedure and validated by a committee of experts. <h3>Results:</h3> Of 2,991 subjects followed, 117 developed parkinsonism and 43 developed probable PD during follow-up, of whom 22.2% and 32.6%, respectively, had been exposed to neuroleptics, compared to 16.6% for subjects without parkinsonism. About a third of subjects presented transient parkinsonism during drug exposure. After adjustment for gender and past occupation, past exposure to neuroleptics was associated with incident PD (relative risk, 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–6.04). The relative risk was 3.65 (95% CI, 1.41–9.45) for benzamides and 2.59 (95% CI, 1.23–5.43) for phenothiazines. The population-attributable fraction of the risk for developing PD was 8.2% for benzamides and 12.2% for phenothiazines. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> In a French elderly cohort, the risk of probable PD was increased by 3.2-fold after exposure to neuroleptics. This finding suggests the necessity of limiting the use of such drugs in elderly people.
Prognostic Value of Pacing-Induced Mechanical Alternans in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Akihiro Hirashiki, Hideo Izawa, Fuji Somura, Koji Obata, Tomoko Kato, Takao Nishizawa, Akira Yamada, Hiroyuki Asano, Satoru Ohshima, Akiko Noda, Shigeo Iino, Kohzo Nagata, Kenji Okumura, Toyoaki Murohara, Mitsuhiro Yokota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Focal Suicide: Self-Enucleation by Two Young Psychotic Individuals
Authors: DAVID H. ROSEN, ARTHUR M. HOFFMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The authors discuss two patients who self-enucleated during psychotic episodes. Both patients had had sexual experiences that they believed to be sinful and a history of LSD use. The authors hypothesize that the patients needed to assuage their guilty consciences by sacrifice, in this case a substitution of the eye for the self. They connect their hypothesis to the Bible, myth, religion, and talion law.
Reperfusion stress induced during intermittent selective clamping accelerates rat liver regeneration through JNK pathway
Authors: Hélène Duval, Sasse-Fanie Mbatchi, Stéphane Grandadam, Claire Legendre, Pascal Loyer, Catherine Ribault, Claire Piquet-Pellorce, Christiane Guguen-Guillouzo, Karim Boudjema, Anne Corlu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Drug-Induced Blood Dyscrasias
Authors: Ernest Beutler
Journal: JAMA (1964)

THE ADMINISTRATION of certain drugs occasionally is followed by anemia due to the destruction of red cells. Sometimes the onset of drug-induced hemolysis is explosive; the patient complains of the symptoms of anemia—weakness, palpitation, and pallor—and in addition there may be back pain, jaundice, abdominal cramps, and the passage of dark urine. In other instances hemolysis is less acute, and the routine determination of hematocrit or hemoglobin levels may give the first indication that the patient has become anemic during drug therapy. It also is possible that the anemia may pass unnoticed by both physician and patient, with the hemoglobin concentration spontaneously returning to normal after drug therapy is discontinued. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> The diagnosis of drug-induced hemolytic anemia is generally not difficult. When the administration of a drug known to be capable of inducing hemolysis is accompanied by a fall in the hemoglobin level of several grams per 100 ml over
Radiological evaluation of post-tracheostomy lesions
Authors: A. S. Macmillan, A. E. James, F. P. Stitik, H. C. Grillo
Journal: Thorax (1971)

Post-tracheostomy lesions are becoming more commonplace and surgical techniques for definitive repair of these abnormalities are being developed. These lesions, in general, occur at two sites, the proximal lesions at the tracheostomy incision and the distal lesions 1·5 to 2·5 cm inferior in the area of the tracheostomy balloon cuff. Granuloma formation, stenosis, tracheomalacia, and perforation of the tracheal wall have been encountered in our experience. Clinical symptoms depend upon the type and location of the lesion as well as on the patient9s awareness and physical activity. Radiological evaluation offers an accurate method to depict the anatomical and physiological alterations. This radiological assessment should begin with routine postero-anterior and lateral chest radiographs followed by fluoroscopy. Laminograms and special oblique views are often helpful. Contrast tracheograms using powdered tantalum allow good mucosal detail as well as excellent delineation of structural and physiological abnormalities.
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON COMPARISON BETWEEN THALLIUM-201(T1-201) CHLORIDE AND Tc-99m SESTAMIBI IN DIFFERENTIATING MALIGNANT FROM INFLAMMATORY OR DEGENERATIVE LESIONS IN THE BRAIN IN AIDS PATIENTS (Pts).
Authors: M. F. Akisik, W. S. Omar, A. Hirschfeld, J. Masdeu, H. M. Abdel-Dayem
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Akisik, M. F. M.D.; Omar, W. S. M.D.; Hirschfeld, A. M.D.*; Masdeu, J. M.D.**; Abdel-Dayem, H. M. M.D. Author Information
Radiologic Procedures and Vagus Reactions
Authors: Joseph M. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  I think Dr Tizes (236:1846, 1976) will be interested in the lead articles of the October 1976 issue of Radiology , 1,2 which propose that the vagus reaction is responsible for serious radiological contrast reactions (very similar to his experience on Feb 8,1975) and further describes the dramatic efficacy of atropine.  Those of us who have unfortunately been confronted with this potentially disastrous, unexplainable, and unpredictable type of contrast reaction greet this new information with great interest and hope that time and further experience verify this hypothesis.
Correlation of Serum Leptin Levels With Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis-C Infection
Authors: Oral Öncül, Cýhan Top, Þaban Çavuþlu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Diabetes is a less-recognized association of hepatitis-C virus (HCV) infection, although several recent studies provide data linking HCV infection and diabetes (1–5). To investigate whether patients with chronic HCV infection without evidence of cirrhosis have an increased risk of diabetes, we conducted a case-control study in 44 consecutive eligible patients with HCV infection and no clinical or histological evidence of cirrhosis and in 20 control subjects without liver disease who were matched by age, sex, and BMI. All 44 …