tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relapse Prevention in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Cognitive Therapy Outcome After 2 Years
Authors: Dominic H. Lam, Peter Hayward, Edward R. Watkins, Kim Wright, Pak Sham
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: In a previous randomized controlled study, the authors reported significant beneficial effects of cognitive therapy for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder patients up to 1 year. This study reports additional 18-month follow-up data and presents an overview of the effect of therapy over 30 months. METHOD: Patients with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder (N=103) suffering from frequent relapses were randomly assigned into a cognitive therapy plus medication group or a control condition of medication only. Independent raters, who were blind to patient group status, assessed patients at 6-month intervals. RESULTS: Over 30 months, the cognitive therapy group had significantly better outcome in terms of time to relapse. However, the effect of relapse prevention was mainly in the first year. The cognitive therapy group also spent 110 fewer days (95% CI=32 to 189) in bipolar episodes out of a total of 900 for the whole 30 months and 54 fewer days (95% CI=3 to 105) in bipolar episodes out of a total of 450 for the last 18 months. Multivariate analyses of variance showed that over the last 18 months, the cognitive therapy group exhibited significantly better mood ratings, social functioning, coping with bipolar prodromes, and dysfunctional goal attainment cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Patients in the cognitive therapy group had significantly fewer days in bipolar episodes after the effect of medication compliance was controlled. However, the results showed that cognitive therapy had no significant effect in relapse reduction over the last 18 months of the study period. Further studies should explore the effect of booster sessions or maintenance therapy.
Severe Axial Myopathy in McArdle Disease
Authors: Nanna Witting, Morten Duno, Monique Piraud, John Vissing
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

McArdle disease is a nonlysosomal glycogenosis that classically manifests with exercise-induced pain from childhood. Fixed weakness may occur from the fifth decade and is typically mild and located around the shoulder girdle.We describe a 61-year-old man with exercise-induced pain from a young age and a 3-year history of weight loss and an elevated creatine kinase level up to 4000 U/L. On examination, he was severely atrophic and weak in his shoulder girdle and the entire paraspinal musculature. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that the paraspinal musculature was completely converted to fat. A muscle biopsy specimen was myopathic with a lack of myophosphorylase and multiple large vacuoles with glycogen. A nonischemic forearm test demonstrated a lack of increase in lactate together with an exaggerated ammonium elevation. Genetic testing verified the suspicion of McArdle disease.This is a highly atypical presentation of McArdle disease with severe paraspinal wasting and weakness. We suspect that this is related to the unusual amount of glycogen vacuoles and stress the importance of including McArdle disease in the differential diagnosis of axial myopathy.
RANOLAZINE REFRACTORY ANGINA REGISTRY TRIAL: 1-YEAR RESULTS
Authors: Noel M. Bennett, Theresa L. Arndt, Vijay Iyer, Ross F. Garberich, Jay H. Traverse, Randall K. Johnson, Anil K. Poulose, Jill M. Morgan, Timothy D. Henry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
EXTRACELLULAR ADHERENCE PROTEIN OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INHIBITS ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN APOE-DEFICIENT MICE
Authors: Konstantin A. Krychtiuk, Stefan P. Kastl, Walter Speidl, Svitlana Demyanets, Christoph Kaun, Kurt Huber, Mathias Herrmann, Klaus T. Preissner, Johann Wojta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Parity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wanda K. Nicholson, Keiko Asao, Frederick Brancati, Josef Coresh, James S. Pankow, Neil R. Powe
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—While high parity is hypothesized to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, few studies have examined this association in diverse racial samples or geographical areas. Our objectives were to estimate the magnitude of association between parity and diabetes and to determine if higher parity is predictive of future risk of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a population-based, prospective cohort study of 7,024 Caucasian and African-American women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, a prospective epidemiological study of men and women aged 45–64 years, with 9 years of follow-up. Incident diabetes was defined by the 1997 American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Parity was defined as the number of live births (no live births [nulliparity], one to two live births, three to four live births, and five or more live births [grandmultiparity]). Parity and risk of diabetes was estimated for 754 incident cases of diabetes with Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors and inflammatory markers. RESULTS—Incidence rates were highest among women with five or more live births (23/1,000 person-years [95% CI 20.3–26.7]) and lowest among women with one to two live births (11/1,000 person-years [9.6–12.5]). Adjustment indicated that much of the risk was due to sociodemographic factors and higher obesity, but after adjustment for all covariates, grandmultiparity (five or more) was still associated with a 27% increased risk for diabetes (hazard ratio 1.27 [95% CI 1.02–1.57]). CONCLUSIONS—Grandmultiparity is predictive of future risk of diabetes after adjustment for confounders.
Review: Joint lavage does not reduce pain or improve function in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Francisco Ramirez Lafita
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Avouac J, Vicaut E, Bardin T, Richette P. Efficacy of joint lavage in knee osteoarthritis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49:334-40. 19955221
The RANKL/OPG system is activated in inflammatory bowel disease and relates to the state of bone loss
Authors: A R Moschen
Journal: Gut (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Maintaining cellular iron homeostasis is critical for organismal survival. Whereas iron depletion negatively affects the many metabolic pathways that depend on the activity of iron-containing enzymes, any excess of iron can cause the rapid formation of highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) through Fenton chemistry. Although several cellular iron chelators have been identified, little is known about if and how organisms can prevent the Fenton reaction. By studying the effects of cisplatin, a commonly used anticancer drug and effective antimicrobial, we discovered that cisplatin elicits severe iron stress and oxidative DNA damage in bacteria. We found that both of these effects are successfully prevented by polyphosphate (polyP), an abundant polymer consisting solely of covalently linked inorganic phosphates. Subsequent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies revealed that polyP provides a crucial iron reservoir under non-stress conditions, and effectively complexes free iron and blocks ROS formation during iron stress. These results demonstrate that polyP, a universally conserved biomolecule, plays a hitherto unrecognized role as an iron chelator and an inhibitor of the Fenton reaction.
Section 69.—Radiology of the Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: William Martel
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The radiologic manifestations of the rheumatic diseases are important, for they reflect the gross anatomic abnormalities in these conditions and assist in diagnosis more often than is realized. The discussion which follows will be concerned with the skeletal manifestations of some of the more common of the rheumatic diseases with emphasis on their distinguishing features. The skeletal system can react to disease in a limited number of ways and it is, therefore, not surprising that different pathologic conditions may, to some extent, exhibit similar radiologic features. However, the<i>pattern</i>of skeletal lesions is important and the radiologic diagnosis will often depend on a combination of findings, a predilection for particular anatomic sites, and a characteristic evolution. <h3>Rheumatoid Arthritis.—</h3> Any synovial joint may be affected but there is a predilection for the joints of the hand, wrist, and foot.<sup>1 -3</sup>The arthritis may be asymmetrical at first but as the
Childrens hospital in Cardiff could drain resources from rest of Wales
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Consultant paediatricians in Swansea have urged the Welsh Assembly to investigate funding of children's health services in Wales.

The paediatricians have also warned that a new children's hospital for Wales in Cardiff, for which former England cricketer Ian Botham and actress Catherine Zeta Jones have been raising funds, would drain resources from other parts of the principality.

Their concerns are that the new hospital will be seen, and treated as, a national hospital for children at the expense of other areas.

“We are not against Cardiff having a …
Manipulation of liver regeneration with macrophages to influence the hepatic progenitor cell niche
Authors: TG Bird, L Boutler, A Cole, S Lorenzini, WY Lu, T Hay, R Ridgway, M Williams, B Knight, S Gordon Keylock, D Wjotacha, T Jamieson, JP Iredale, AR Clarke, OJ Sansom, SJ Forbes
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Effect of diet on faecal and urine urobilinogen excretion and its possible relationship to the pathogenesis of peptic ulceration.
Authors: S L Malhotra
Journal: Gut (1968)

In the course of studies of certain biochemical values in two population groups, namely, the South Indians versus the North Indians, showing disparate inci- dence rates from ischaemic heart disease (Padmavati, 1962; Malhotra, 1967a, and b 1968 ) and peptic ulcer (Dogra, 1940; Hadley, 1959; Malhotra, 1964) there were impressive differences in their faecal uro- bilinogen concentration (Malhotra, 1966).The mean values for faecal urobilinogen concentration were significantly higher in the South Indian men com- pared with those for the North Indian men and also significantly higher in men than in women (Malhotra, 1966, 1967b), and it seemed likely that the pattern of diet and eating reported elsewhere (Malhotra, 1964, 1967a, 1968) played a part.In this paper an opportunity was taken to determine whether these differences in the faecal urobilinogen concentration between the two popula- tion groups could be reproduced in feeding experi- ments under controlled conditions.
Network meta-analysis of the outcome ‘participant complete clearance’ in nonimmunosuppressed participants of eight interventions for actinic keratosis: a follow-up on a Cochrane review
Authors: A.K. Gupta, M. Paquet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The conclusions of pairwise meta-analyses of interventions for actinic keratosis (AK) are limited due to the lack of direct comparison between some interventions. Consequently, we performed a network meta-analysis for eight treatments [5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-photodynamic therapy (PDT), cryotherapy, diclofenac 3% in 2·5% hyaluronic acid (DCF/HA), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 0·5% or 5·0%, imiquimod (IMI) 5%, ingenol mebutate (IMB) 0·015-0·05%, methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL)-PDT and placebo/vehicle (including placebo-PDT)] to determine their relative efficacies. As part of a prior Cochrane systematic review, different databases and grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials up to April 2012. The inclusion criteria were parallel-group studies with nonimmunosuppressed participants: (i) reporting 'participant complete clearance' and (ii) comparing at least two of the interventions. Thirty-two publications met the criteria and they included the following number of individual or pooled studies (n) and total number of participants (N) for the different interventions: 5-FU 0·5% (n = 4, N = 169), 5-FU 5·0% (n = 2, N = 44), ALA-PDT (n = 6, N = 739), cryotherapy (n = 2, N = 174), DCF/HA (n = 5, N = 299), IMI (n = 14, N = 1411), IMB (n = 3, N = 560), MAL-PDT (n = 7, N = 557) and placebo (n = 32, N = 2520). Network analyses using a random-effects Bayesian model were carried out with the software ADDIS v1.16.1. The interventions were ranked as follows based on calculated probabilities and odd ratios: 5-FU > ALA-PDT ≈ IMI ≈ IMB ≈ MAL-PDT > cryotherapy > DCF/HA > placebo. This efficacy ranking was obtained based on the current available data on 'participant complete clearance' from randomized controlled trials and the analysis model used. However, several other factors should also be considered when prescribing a treatment for AK.
Measurement of regional elastic properties of the human aorta. A new application of transesophageal echocardiography with automated border detection and calibrated subclavian pulse tracings.
Authors: R M Lang, B P Cholley, C Korcarz, R H Marcus, S G Shroff
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Evaluation of regional aortic elastic properties in humans has been hampered by the need for invasive techniques to access instantaneous aortic pressure, wall thickness, and cross-sectional area or diameter. In this study, a new noninvasive method is presented for quantification of regional aortic elastic properties. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-five patients were studied during transesophageal echocardiographic procedures. Measurements of instantaneous aortic cross-sectional area were obtained with an automated border detection algorithm applied to short-axis transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiographic images of the proximal descending thoracic aorta. Instantaneous aortic wall thickness was derived from combined two-dimensional targeted M-mode end-diastolic wall thickness and instantaneous aortic area measurements. Instantaneous aortic pressures were estimated from calibrated subclavian pulse tracings recorded simultaneously. Data were digitized to generate aortic area-pressure loops. Regional aortic mechanical properties were quantified in terms of compliance per unit length (C is the slope of the area-pressure regression), aortic midwall radius (Rm), and incremental elastic modulus of the aortic wall (Einc). To assess the independent effect of age, Rm and Einc values were compared at a common level of aortic midwall stress (0.666 x 10(6) dynes/cm2). Mean values (+/- SD) for C, Rm, and Einc were 0.01 +/- 0.004 cm2/mm Hg, 1.14 +/- 0.17 cm, and 7.059 +/- 4.091 x 10(6) dynes/cm2, respectively. An inverse linear correlation was found between aortic compliance per unit length and age (r = -.68, P &lt; .0007). Incremental elastic modulus was related to age (r = +.80, P &lt; .00003) in a nonlinear fashion such that it increased sharply after the age of 60 years. Finally, midwall radius was less tightly correlated with age (r = +.45, P &lt; .05). Values for C, Rm, and Einc as well as the age dependency of these properties are similar to those reported previously when invasive techniques were used. CONCLUSIONS This methodology constitutes a new tool to improve the clinical evaluation of regional aortic elastic properties in multiple disease states.
<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> Induces Tissue Factor Expression in Mouse Macrophages via Activation of Egr-1 and the MEK-ERK1/2 Pathway
Authors: Florian Bea, Mirja H. Puolakkainen, Timothy McMillen, Francesca N. Hudson, Nigel Mackman, Cho Chou Kuo, Lee Ann Campbell, Michael E. Rosenfeld
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Recent studies have suggested that infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (C pneumoniae) may contribute to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques and thrombosis and is associated with acute coronary events. Tissue factor (TF), a potent prothrombotic molecule, is expressed by macrophages and other cell types within atherosclerotic lesions and plays an essential role in thrombus formation after plaque rupture. Therefore the effects of C pneumoniae on induction of TF expression in macrophages were investigated. Infection of RAW mouse macrophages with C pneumoniae induced a time-dependent increase in procoagulant activity, expression of TF protein, and TF mRNA. C pneumoniae infection stimulated increased binding of nuclear proteins to the consensus DNA sequence for Egr-1, a key response element within the TF promoter, and increased the expression of Egr-1 protein. Transient transfections of RAW cells with mutated TF promoter constructs showed that the Egr-1 binding region is an important transcriptional regulator of C pneumoniae-induced TF expression. Furthermore, C pneumoniae-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Elk-1 and pharmacological inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity reduced the expression of TF and Egr-1. Antibody and polymyxin B blocking of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) partially reduced the C pneumoniae-induced expression of TF and Egr-1. In conclusion, the C pneumoniae-induced increase in TF expression in macrophages is mediated in part by Egr-1, signaling through TLR4, and activation of the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway.
Saint and Pioneer
Authors: L. J. Witts
Journal: BMJ (1950)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Motivation</h3> The established high-throughput RNA-seq technologies usually produce paired-end reads. A challenging problem is therefore to computationally infer the alignment of entire fragments given the alignment of the two mate ends. Solving this problem essentially provide longer RNA-seq reads, and hence benefits downstream RNA-seq analysis. <h3>Results</h3> We introduce Coral, a new tool that can accurately bridge paired-end RNA-seq reads. The core of Coral is a novel optimization formulation that can capture the most reliable bridging path while also filter out false paths. An efficient dynamic programming algorithm is designed to calculate the top <i>N</i> optimum. Coral implements a consensus approach to select the best solution among the <i>N</i> candidates by taking into account the distribution of fragment length. Coral is modular, can be easily incorporated into existing RNA-seq analysis pipeline. We show that Coral can improve transcript assembly by a large margin: on average over 2377 RNA-seq samples from GTEx, the improvement (measured with adjusted precision) is 7.5% and 11.2% when Coral is incorporated with StringTie and Scallop, respectively. <h3>Availability</h3> Coral is open-source, freely available at GitHub (https://github.com/Shao-Group/coral) and Bioconda. Scripts, datasets and documentations that can reproduce all experimental results in this paper are available at https://github.com/Shao-Group/coraltest.
Questionable Advertising of Psychotropic Medications and Disease Mongering
Authors: Jeffrey R Lacasse, Jonathan Leo
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

I am a disease monger.I teach primary care doctors how to identify bipolar disorder.Worse yet, I take money from pharmaceutical companies for doing so.I use it to subsidize my practice so that I can treat patients with no insurance, or little money, who now account for over a third of my patients-in part because the pharmaceutical companies have drained so much money out of the health-care system.Ironic, isn't it?My Web site PsychEducation.org(http:⁄⁄www.psycheducation.org) is number one on Google for searches on "bipolar II."See if you think it looks like disease mongering.Hundreds of people have written thanking me for explaining bipolar II and the concept of a bipolar spectrum, indicating that this new perspective really helps them understand their long-standing symptoms.To my immediate recall, none have complained about being led astray by an overbroad interpretation of bipolarity.Notice that, just like Mr. Moynihan, one of the guest editors of your April 2006 series of articles on disease mongering [1], I could be mongering even now, as I too have a new book.At least I'm not trying to attract attendees to my conference.Tricky, isn't it.Has there been an oversimplifi cation in this analysis?(PsychEducation.org
IS SENN'S GAS TEST INFALLIBLE AND ALWAYS DEVOID OF DANGER?...
Authors: H. C. DALTON
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-412 Long Term Outcome After Biodegradable Polymer Coating Biolimus-eluting Stent Implantation for Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Tahei Ichinohe, Kazushige Kadota, Mahmoud M. Sabbah, Shunsuke Kubo, Yusuke Hyodo, Seiji Habara, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Takeshi Tada, Yasushi Fuku, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Delivery of Oct4 and SirT1 with cationic polyurethanes-short branch PEI to aged retinal pigment epithelium
Authors: Chi-Hsien Peng, Jong-Yuh Cherng, Guang-Yuh Chiou, Yu-Chih Chen, Chen-Hsiu Chien, Chung-Lan Kao, Yuh-Lih Chang, Yueh Chien, Liang-Kung Chen, Jorn-hon Liu, Shih-Jen Chen, Shih-Hwa Chiou
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Genetic diversity and drug susceptibility profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different regions of India
Authors: Jitendra Singh, Manimuthu Mani Sankar, Parveen Kumar, David Couvin, Nalin Rastogi, Sarman Singh, V.M. Katoch, D.S. Chauhan, Kiran Katoch, Camila Rodrigues, V. Lakshmi, G.M. Taori, H.F. Daginawala, Rajpal Singh, Basudev Bhattacharya, Bandana Choudhury, Niti Singh, Uma Devi, Soumya Swaminathan
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)