tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
REPORT OF A CASE OF MONOCULAR PARALYSIS OF THE ACCOMMODATION DUE TO LUES
Authors: JESSE WRIGHT DOWNEY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The following case is thought to be worthy of recording, not only because of the comparative rarity of the condition, but also with the belief that the lesion was probably prodromal of a more serious central nervous system involvement, which has probably been prevented, and certainly has been stayed by prompt antisyphilitic treatment. Mr. N. S. D. was referred to me Jan. 28, 1913, by Dr. Thomas R. Boggs, through whose courtesy I am now at liberty to report the case. The patient had had syphilis five years previously and at that time had been under treatment for eighteen months; since then his general health had been excellent. On January 12, following a long stretch of book work, to which he was unaccustomed, he had felt a fluttering sensation in the left eye and a day or so later had noticed that the vision of that eye was quite blurred
MEASUREMENT OF ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME CAN VARY ACCORDING TO REAGENTS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION TAKING DABIGATRAN
Authors: Hirokazu Kondo, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Chisato Izumi, Kazuaki Kaitani, Toshihiro Tamura, Soichiro Enomoto, Makoto Miyake, Yodo Tamaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Orbital Cellulitis from Gas-producing Organisms
Authors: I. S. McGregor
Journal: BMJ (1942)

Had these factors been the same for both methods the film comparisons would have been fairer.The miniature radiographs were carefully examined with a magnifying viewer before the large films were read.Of the miniature films, one showed active pulmonary tuber- culosis (the second case of active tuberculosis did not have a miniature film taken)-the large film did not add to our knowledge of this case; 2 left us in doubt as to the condition (here the large film simply confirmed our opinion that these cases required further observation) ; 4 others showed minute apparently unimportant shadows, and the large films confirmed the absence of any significant lesions.We consider that as the method of miniature radiography is still in its infancy it is advisable to take full-size films where definite or doubtful lesions are seen.Careful comparison of the 239 full-size and miniature films showed, that the latter did not miss anything of importance.Calcified hilar nodes were more easily recognized as such in the full- sized ffims: this is probably explained by the difference in the distance and exposure factors already mentfoned.The number of miniature films so far examined by us is too small for a final opinion, but we feel that the results are promising.With further technical improvement and increased interpretative experience miniature radiography will take a leading place in the campaign against tuber- culosis.The speed with which the films can be taken, the reduction in filing space, and, after the initial cost, its cheap- ness, make this method, together with tuberculin testing, the ideal for a case-finding survey.Our thanks are due to Prof.
Myelodysplastic syndrome with trisomy 11 associated with polycythemia vera
Authors: Kazuma Ohyashiki, Masaya Nagasu, Hitoshi Hojo, Atsuhiro Iwabuchi, Junko H. Ohyashiki, Keisuke Toyama
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract A 52‐year‐old male with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who had a prior history of polycythemia vera is reported. Chromosome analysis revealed that the bone marrow and blood cells at the MDS phase contained trisomy of chromosome 11 as the sole cytogenetic change. Trisomy 11 is rarely found in hematologic neoplasia, and all of the reported cases with trisomy 11 were diagnosed as having nonlymphocytic neoplasia. In this report, a correlation between the chromosome change and leukemia/MDS developed in polycythemia vera is discussed.
Is universal screening for hepatitis C infection prior to commencing antitumour necrosis factor-α therapy necessary?
Authors: C.T. Reid, C. De Gascun, W. Hall, P. Collins, A. Lally, B. Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) prior to the commencement of antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF)-α therapies for dermatological disease is recommended for all patients.To determine the incidence of HCV infection among dermatology patients who were screened for HCV infection prior to commencing anti-TNF-α therapies.We reviewed the HCV infection status of all patients attending our dermatology department who had been tested for evidence of HCV infection between January 2005 and November 2012. We identified patients who had been tested as part of routine screening prior to commencing anti-TNF-α therapy using dermatology departmental records.In total, 215 patients were screened for HCV infection prior to commencing anti-TNF-α therapies. Among this group, 143 patients (66·5%) were male and 72 (33·5%) were female. None of these patients tested positive for active HCV infection. One patient tested positive for HCV antibody with negative HCV antigen and HCV RNA. This indicated previous HCV infection that had cleared. This patient had abnormal liver function tests and a history of alcohol excess.There were no cases of active HCV infection diagnosed through pretreatment anti-TNF-α screening in our department, which is located in a low-prevalence area for HCV infection. In view of the lack of evidence of harm associated with anti-TNF-α use in HCV-infected patients, we propose that screening for HCV infection in low-prevalence areas should be targeted to those with pre-existing risk factors. This is consistent with current guidelines from the Royal College of General Practitioners. Targeted screening rather than universal screening may be a safe and cost-effective option among patients being evaluated for anti-TNF-α therapies.
Intestinal Absorption of Cholesterol by the Nephrotic Rat
Authors: RAY H. ROSENMAN, MEYER FRIEDMAN, SANFORD O. BYERS
Journal: Circulation Research (1954)

Exogenous cholesterol, absorbed from the intestinal tract, is transported into the blood by the lymph of the thoracic duct. By means of thoracic duct cannulation and subsequent lymph collection following stomach feeding of 100 mg. of cholesterol dissolved in olive oil, it was found that the nephrotic rat has a diminished rate of cholesterol absorption. This could not be ascribed to a deficiency of lymph flow or of bile in the intestinal tract.
Deciding who needs thrombolysis. Acronyms must be explained.
Authors: T O Cheng
Journal: BMJ (1993)

conclusions regarding the sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for myocardial infarction in their study therefore remains in doubt.Receiver operator characteristic curves should aim for the highest accuracy because of their value in portraying grades of diagnostic uncertainty, the therapeutic implications of diagnostic uncertainty being especially important in the risk:benefit analysis of potentially dangerous drug treatments.In this context, ST segment elevation should continue to be used as a precondition for thrombo- lytic treatment because of evidence that streptokinase given within two hours of the onset of chest pain produces the most beneficial effects on left ventricular function and survival in the subset of patients with a sum of ST segment elevation of 1*2 mV.
Les malades avec adénome sporadique du duodénum constituent un groupe à risque élevé de néoplasie avancée colorectale. Résultats d'une étude cas-témoins
Authors: P Péquin, S Manfredi, V Quentin, D Heresbach, J Boyer, L Siproudhis, JF Bretagne
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Les malades avec adénome duodénal sporadique pourraient constituer un groupe à risque élevé de néoplasie colorectale, mais les données de la littérature sont rares (1). Le but de cette étude a été d'évaluer ce risque au cours d'une étude cas-témoins rétrospective.
Improvement of exercise capacity by sarpogrelate as a result of increased collateral blood flow in patients with effort angina
Authors: T. Tanaka, M. Fujita, A. Tsubokawa, I. Nakae, T. Iwase, K. Ueda, S. Tamaki, R. Nohara, S. Sasayama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Evaluation of feasibility of mutagenic testing of shale oil products and effluents.
Authors: J L Epler, T K Rao, M R Guerin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

In an effort to gather preliminary information on the potential genetic hazards of proposed or existing oil shale technologies, we have begun a correlated analytical and genetic analysis of a number of test materials. The work is divided into two phases: one deals with known compounds expected to occur in the environment through shale oil production or use; the other deals with actual samples from existing or experimental processes. A fractionation procedure has been applied to crude product and aqueous product material from an oil shale process. Mutagenicity of the various fractions was assayed by using reversion of histidine-requiring auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium (strain TA100, base-substitution mutant; TA98 and TA1537, frameshift mutants). In order to incorporate metabolic activation of these fractions and compounds, we used liver homogenates (S-9) from rats induced with Aroclor 1254 in the standard plate assay. Preliminary results implicate chemical constituents of these fractions (identified or predicted) were tested individually for their mutagenic activity and correlated with the genetic monitoring.
Fuel and Fluid Homeostasis During Long-Term Exercise in Healthy Subjects and Type I Diabetic Patients
Authors: Veikko A Koivisto, Timo Sane, Frej Fyhrquist, Risto Pelkonen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to examine metabolic and hormonal effects of long-term exercise in healthy subjects and insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two studies were performed. First, 16 healthy males (32 ± 3 yr) were studied during a semitriathlon competition (2 km swimming, 90 km biking, and 21 km running). Second, 9 type I diabetic males (41 ± 2 yr) and 17 healthy matched control subjects were studied during a 75 km cross-country skiing race. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after exercise, and also during the ski race. RESULTS During the semitriathlon race, serum insulin, C-peptide, glucagon cortisol, growth hormone ACTH, prolactin, and plasma renin activity increased two- to ninefold, whereas serum testosterone fell. Apart from a fall in magnesium, serum electrolyte concentrations remained unchanged. Before long-term skiing, patients reduced their insulin dose by 30–40%. They were hyperglycemic during the initial part of the race, but near normoglycemic thereafter. There were large interindividual variations in the increments of counterregulatory hormones, whereas serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone fell quite uniformly. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations rose similarly in diabetic and healthy subjects, whereas the rise in antidiuretic hormone was slightly greater in diabetic patients. During the initial part of the race, serum atrial natriuretic peptide fell in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Severalfold increments in hormone concentrations contribute to the maintenance of fuel and fluid homeostasis during long-term exercise. With an appropriate adjustment of insulin dose and diet, also type I diabetic patients can participate in competitive long-term exercise.
Non-invasive in vivo characterization of release processes in biodegradable polymers by low-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: K. Mäder, B. Gallez, K.J. Liu, H.M. Swartz
Journal: Biomaterials (1996)

Using stable free radicals (nitroxides) whose spectra reflect microviscosity and pH, low-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the release pattern of subcutaneous implants of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) continuously and non-invasively in living mice. No significant changes occurred during the first days after implantation. After about 1 week, the recorded EPR spectra gave direct evidence for the formation of compartments with high mobility and increasing acidity in the delivery system. The contribution of the mobile part of the spectrum increased with time, but no remarkable decay of the overall signal intensity was observed during the second week. The EPR signals decayed rapidly after 3 weeks. The experimental data are consistent with bulk hydrolysis as the dominating mechanism of release and are not consistent with a surface-controlled pattern of degradation. The formation of acidic compartments in the delivery system may have significant effects on drug stability, drug solubility, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and ultimately on therapeutic efficiency. In particular, the finding of areas of low pH within the polymer raise the possibility that hydrolysable drugs may undergo degradation in the implant prior to their release. Our results demonstrate that EPR is a valuable tool for characterizing such drug delivery systems in vivo.
Ergotamine-induced Colitis
Authors: B. Wörmann, W. Höchter, H.-J. Seib, R. Ottenjann
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

We report on a 45-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis of the rectum that arose after the use of up to 6 suppositories of a preparation containing ergotamine daily over a period of 6 years. On the basis of a review of the literature the clinical, endoscopic and histological features of the ergotamine-induced colitis are characterized.
Point: Steady Progress and Current Challenges in Clinical Islet Transplantation
Authors: Davide Mineo, Antonello Pileggi, Rodolfo Alejandro, Camillo Ricordi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

The field of β-cell replacement therapies has evolved substantially over the last decades. The lesson learned from recent islet transplantation trials in patients with unstable type 1 diabetes is that primary goals are the achievement of stable, normalized glycemic control in the absence of severe hypoglycemic episodes with improvement of quality of life and the prevention of progressive, chronic diabetes complications. Insulin independence, although desirable, should not be considered the main objective, particularly in light of the sustained positive effects achieved even with a “marginal” functional islet mass via restoration of C-peptide secretion and reduction of insulin requirements. As present limitations of islet transplantation are progressively overcome, the clinical application will greatly expand from the currently limited indication in controlled clinical research trials to more widely available cellular therapies and regenerative medicine solutions that will eventually be offered as standard treatment to the majority of patients with insulin-requiring diabetes.

Vantyghem et al. (1) in the article in this issue of Diabetes Care evaluated the predictive value of primary graft function on long-term clinical outcomes of islet transplantation alone (ITA). Surrogate measures have been proposed to monitor or predict β-cell function, but they are not yet fully validated (2–4). In this report, the use of the β-score in the early posttransplant period allowed to quantify primary graft function that, when “optimal,” was associated with prolonged graft survival and better metabolic control following islet transplantation (1). In agreement with previous reports using the “Edmonton Protocol” (5–10), this trial resulted in a significant improvement of metabolic control and long-term graft function (∼70% having measurable C-peptide at 5 years). Importantly, the investigators also showed prolonged insulin independence in 57% of the patients at 5 years, with the subjects with optimal primary graft …
Cholinergic urticaria associated with acquired generalized hypohidrosis: report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: E. Itakura, K. Urabe, S. Yasumoto, J. Nakayama, M. Furue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Cholinergic urticaria associated with acquired generalized hypohidrosis: report of a case and review of the literature Get access E. Itakura, E. Itakura Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3‐1‐1, Maidashi, Higashi‐ku, Fukuoka 812‐8582, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830‐0011, Japan †Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814‐0180, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Urabe, K. Urabe Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3‐1‐1, Maidashi, Higashi‐ku, Fukuoka 812‐8582, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830‐0011, Japan †Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814‐0180, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Yasumoto, S. Yasumoto Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3‐1‐1, Maidashi, Higashi‐ku, Fukuoka 812‐8582, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830‐0011, Japan †Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814‐0180, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Nakayama, J. Nakayama Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3‐1‐1, Maidashi, Higashi‐ku, Fukuoka 812‐8582, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830‐0011, Japan †Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814‐0180, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Furue M. Furue Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3‐1‐1, Maidashi, Higashi‐ku, Fukuoka 812‐8582, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830‐0011, Japan †Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814‐0180, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 5, 1 November 2000, Pages 1064–1066, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03845.x Published: 01 November 2000
Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness and Subclinical Aortic Atherosclerosis
Authors: David M. Herrington, W. Virgil Brown, Lori Mosca, Warren Davis, Barry Eggleston, W. Gregory Hundley, Jeffrey Raines
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Noninvasive measures of arterial compliance may be useful for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis.Measures of calf and thigh arterial compliance (MaxV50) were recorded in 267 subjects who also underwent MRI of the distal aorta to quantify distal aorta atherosclerosis. The average of calf and thigh MaxV50 was strongly predictive of extent of aortic atherosclerosis and risk of being in the top quartile of aortic atherosclerosis after adjustment for the Framingham Coronary Risk Score (FCRS) or the combination of the FCRS and C-reactive protein (P<0.0001). The areas under the receiver operating curves predicting the top quartile of gender-specific aortic atherosclerosis were 0.57, 0.60, and 0.75 for models containing the FCRS, the FCRS and C-reactive protein, and the FCRS, C-reactive protein, and the average of calf and thigh MaxV50.Lower-extremity arterial compliance may identify subjects with extensive subclinical atherosclerosis. Further studies examining the potential value of arterial stiffness as a screening tool to guide initiation of more aggressive preventive interventions are warranted.
Diagnostic Yield of Sputum, Induced Sputum, and Bronchoscopy after Radiologic Tuberculosis Screening
Authors: Otto D. Schoch, Philippe Rieder, Claudia Tueller, Ekkehardt Altpeter, Jean-Pierre Zellweger, Hans L. Rieder, Martin Krause, Robert Thurnheer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Rationale: To assess feasibility and yield of diagnostic procedures after active case finding for tuberculosis with radiologic screening at the three main entry points for asylum seekers to Switzerland.Method: Prospective multicenter study on the value of symptoms, spontaneous and induced sputum, and bronchoscopy for the confirmation of tuberculosis in radiologically selected cases.Results: Among 101 asylum seekers examined, spontaneous sputum was collected "on the spot" in 83 and yielded 7 (54%) of 13 smear-positive and 13 (39%) of 33 culture-positive cases. Morning sputum, collected in 84, yielded 8 (62%) and 16 (49%), and the two spontaneous sputa combined 9 (69%) and 20 (61%), respectively. Two additional induced sputa, collected in 91 persons, yielded no additional smear-positive, but yielded seven culture-positive cases (yield, 82%). Bronchoscopy, performed in 87 of 92 sputum smear–negative cases, yielded four additional smear-positive and six culture-positive cases. Culture confirmation was independently and significantly predicted by obtaining a specimen using bronchoscopy (adjusted odds ratio, 11.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.9–62) and a prior decision to treat (adjusted odds ratio, 3.0; confidence interval, 1.1–8.1).Conclusion: Radiographic anomalies compatible with tuberculosis found during screening are a poor guide to initiation of treatment. Respiratory and systemic symptoms correlated weakly with culture confirmation of tuberculosis. All radiologically selected cases must be examined with on-the-spot and early-morning sputum, regardless of symptoms. If both specimens are smear negative, the yield is increased by bronchoscopy and, to a lesser extent, by two samples of induced sputum. The examination of any single specimen has a low yield of 36 to 63% and is insufficient to exclude active tuberculosis.
Impact of a handicapped child on mental health of parents.
Authors: S E Romans-Clarkson, J E Clarkson, I D Dittmer, R Flett, C Linsell, P E Mullen, B Mullin
Journal: BMJ (1986)

In a cross sectional study the mental health of parents of physically and mentally handicapped preschool children was compared with that of parents of healthy preschool children. The social networks of the parents with handicapped children were also studied to determine factors that might influence psychiatric morbidity. The mothers of the handicapped children showed significantly more psychiatric morbidity than the control mothers, but the fathers did not show the same deleterious effect on mental health.