tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Benefits of low fat, low-sugar diet
Authors: D W Sarll
Journal: BMJ (1981)

SIR,-Dr Robin Illingworth continued a discussion of the treatment of intact blisters (25 April, p 1400). The simplest effective treatment is neither to deroof nor to  once, but to leave the drain in. Do this by entering the blister with a threaded sewing needle at one side and leaving it at the opposite side, thus laying the cotton through the blister. Cut off the needle and knot the free ends so that the cotton cannot come out. Then you can walk on the blister, which dries out quickly and hardens. Cut away the external part of the  after a few days if you like, but the buried part will wear through only weeks later. Sometimes I have set out with autoclaved packets of threaded needles, but untreated skin and unsterile needle and cotton have never given trouble.
PET/CT F-18 FDG Scan Accurately Identifies Osteoporotic Fractures in a Patient with Known Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jed A. Katzel, Sherif I. Heiba
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Positron emissions tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan has been used in many types of cancer to characterize the extent of disease as well as to identify the presence of metastases. However, the utility of PET/CT in patients with both cancer and osteoporosis is less well delineated. In this case, a patient with known metastatic colorectal cancer who was investigated by many forms of conventional imaging for back and pelvic pain was found to have osteoporotic fractures using PET/CT. At the same time malignant disease was excluded.
Evidence for a functional role of endogenously produced somatomedinlike peptides in the regulation of DNA synthesis in cultured human fibroblasts and porcine smooth muscle cells.
Authors: D R Clemmons, J J Van Wyk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Cultured porcine aortic smooth muscle cells and human fibroblasts produce somatomedinlike peptides and secrete them into the surrounding microenvironment. This production has been linked to their ability to replicate. The objective of this study was to determine if a specific anti-somatomedin-C (Sm-C) monoclonal antibody that binds the somatomedinlike peptides could inhibit replication by porcine aortic smooth muscle cells and human fibroblasts. To determine if the antibody could inhibit the effect of endogenously produced somatomedinlike peptide, increasing concentrations of antibody were co-incubated with platelet-derived growth factor, a known stimulant of somatomedinlike peptide secretion, and Sm-C-deficient platelet-poor plasma. Addition of the antibody reduced fibroblast [3H]thymidine incorporation from 35,100 +/- 500 to 10,600 +/- 700 cpm (P less than 0.001), and in smooth muscle cells from 29,600 +/- 1,800 to 10,800 +/- 1,100 cpm (P less than 0.001). Co-incubation of exogenously added Sm-C (20 ng/ml) with maximally inhibitory dilutions of antibody increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in fibroblasts from 7,800 +/- 1,000 to 18,900 +/- 800 cpm (P less than 0.01), and in smooth muscle cells from 9,800 +/- 1,200 to 17,200 +/- 1,100 cpm (P less than 0.01). Insulin, which can substitute for Sm-C as a mitogen and does not bind to the antibody, stimulated DNA synthesis when co-incubated with the antibody, thereby excluding the possibility of nonspecific cytotoxicity. These results strengthen the hypothesis that the rate of DNA synthesis of these two cell types in vitro is directly linked to their capacity to produce somatomedinlike peptides. They further support the cellular production of somatomedinlike peptides as examples of the autocrine model of growth regulation.
The bombing of St Thomas's.
Authors: F Cockett
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Dunrng the Blitz of 1940 many ofLondon's hospitals were damaged but none so badly as St Thomas's, just across the nverfrom the Houses ofParliament.Although the hospital went on suffering bomb damage into 1944, the worst occurred in September and October 1940.Those weeks were descnrbed in three letters to his family in Australia by
Response to Comment on “Community-Wide Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Drives Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Model-Based Analysis”
Authors: Harriet L. Mills, Ted Cohen, Caroline Colijn
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2013)

Our modeling work suggests that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) can be effective in reducing drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) and that the risk of IPT driving resistance can be reduced by improving the detection and rapid treatment of individuals with drug-resistant disease and by limiting IPT to those in whom the intervention will have the largest benefit.
Last Acts: Discovering Possibility and Opportunity at the End of Life
Authors: Jane deLima Thomas
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of cetuximab as an adjuvant agent to radiotherapy and surgery in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: M. Kim, M. Li, L.R.A. Intong, K. Tran, W. Melbourne, D. Marucci, J. Bucci, P. de Souza, G. Mallesara, D.F. Murrell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Funding sources: UNSW Independent Learning Programme (M.K & M.L with D.F.M) and Debra Australia. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Madam, Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare congenital blistering disorder defined by high skin fragility and impaired wound healing.1 Recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB) is the most severe type of EB, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is by far the most feared complication in RDEB. To date, therapeutic interventions of metastatic RDEB‐SCC have generally been limited to surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recently, cetuximab, a recombinant chimeric epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been used in patients with RDEB‐SCC with promising results.2 3 Here, we report two cases of patients with metastatic SCC in generalized severe RDEB (RDEB‐GS) treated with cetuximab, and its effect on tumour progression. A 26‐year‐old woman with RDEB‐GS [Australasian Epidermolysis Bullous Registry (AEBR) no. 044] presented with a moderately differentiated SCC on the dorsal right hand. Despite local wide excision with clear peripheral and deep margins, the SCC recurred, eventually resulting in a forearm amputation. Subsequently, axillary metastases developed (two of 22 positive nodes) and these were treated with axillary dissection followed by local radiotherapy. Despite such efforts, the SCC recurred in the forearm stump and metastasized to the right lung. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed SCC with strongly positive EGFR staining and cetuximab was administered weekly for 10 cycles, with a loading dose of 500 mg and 300 mg for the rest of the cycles. Initially, multiple subcutaneous nodules over the right axilla regressed and the SCC recurrence in the right stump became necrotized. Minocycline 100 mg twice daily was given to prevent the acneiform rash, a recognized side‐effect of cetuximab. Cetuximab was otherwise tolerated well with minimal side‐effects; mild skin dryness was noted. After the completion of 10 cycles of cetuximab, a computed tomography (CT) scan unfortunately revealed further progression of lung metastasis. Weekly chemotherapy with gemcitabine along with cetuximab was commenced, but 3 weeks later, the patient died from pneumonia (Fig. 1).
A CASE OF JAUNDICE WITH FATTY EXCRETIONS.
Authors: J. M. SWIFT
Journal: JAMA (1884)

thick, sugary solution, in combination with the muria¬ tic acid, acting like the saccharine matter in the old lady's preserves, preventing fermentation and degra¬ dation.If such be the fact, it would be well to give the plain or acid sugar treatment a fair trial in ex¬ ternal ulcers, affections of the vagina, bowels, and erosions of the uterus, as I have done, and thus ascer¬ tain the value of this harmless agent, that both starts
Retrospective Analysis in Adjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Julia Ruiz-Vozmediano, Encarnación González-Flores, Beatriz González-Astorga, Verónica Conde-Herrero, Jesús Soberino-García, Cynthia González-Rivas, Lucia Castillo-Portellano, Javier García-García, Sanchez-Toro Carmen, Juan Ramón lgado De Pérez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
The Range of Intensive Care Services Today
Authors: William A. Knaus
Journal: JAMA (1981)

During the past 20 years, there has been a large increase in the number of hospitals with intensive care units (ICUs). To discover what services are provided to the growing number of ICU patients, we studied 624 consecutive admissions to a general surgical-medical ICU within a university hospital. We recorded the proportion of admissions and services involving intensive treatment as opposed to concentrated nursing care or monitoring. We found that for nearly half (49%) of the admissions and during two thirds (65%) of the nursing shifts, the emphasis was on close nursing care and observation, not intensive treatment. Of 252 patients admitted for monitoring, 216 (86%) never required active treatment before discharge. The average length of stay of these 216 patients was 2.1 days. If this distribution of services and admissions within one university hospital is also found at other institutions, it suggests that a substantial portion of ICU services may now be directed at monitoring stable, noncritically ill patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2711-2716)
Klinefelter's syndrome with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.
Authors: J N Carter, D G Wiseman, H B Lee
Journal: BMJ (1977)

gastrointestinal activity in myxoedema-from chronic constipation to the most severe ileus-has been reported.The milder forms are reversible with thyroid hormone replacement, but more severely affected patients die of other complications of hypothyroidism before treatment has had time to be effective.Only one other report2 has attributed death to the ileus.The pathological findings in our case suggest that the ileus was due to a peripheral neuropathy affecting the gut.Myxoedema is known to be associated with a polyneuropathy,3 the changes in peripheral nerves suggesting that Schwann cell disease, possibly caused by mucopolysaccharide deposition, is partly or wholly responsible for the disorder.Although no mucopolysacchardie was found in this case, Byrom4 showed that it disappears within days of thyroid hormone administra- tion.The axons, however, were abnormal, showing a severe autonomic neuropathy affecting mainly the extrinsic nerves in the colon, but also suggesting intrinsic nerve involvement.That peripheral neuropathy can affect the alimentary canal as well as the limbs is well recognised, as in diabetes mellitus.5Anatomical changes in bowel innervation are in fact common, but clinical symp- toms are rare, probably because slight changes in the nerve supply to the limbs are enough to produce parasthesiae, but to produce a megacolon damage has to be almost complete.The pathological changes in this case suggest that the ileus might have been reversible with thyroid hormone replacement had the patient survived.
Activin-like kinase 3 is important for kidney regeneration and reversal of fibrosis
Authors: Hikaru Sugimoto, Valerie S LeBleu, Dattatreyamurty Bosukonda, Peter Keck, Gangadhar Taduri, Wibke Bechtel, Hirokazu Okada, William Carlson, Philippe Bey, Mary Rusckowski, Björn Tampe, Desiree Tampe, Keizo Kanasaki, Michael Zeisberg, Raghu Kalluri
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
TCT-812 The Impact of Renal Function on Long-term Mortality in Unprotected Left Main Disease, Milan and New-Tokyo Registry
Authors: Kensuke Takagi, Chiara Bernelli, Mauro Carlino, Alaide Chieffo, Antonio Colombo, Yusuke Fujino, Keiko Fukino, Cosmo Godino, Koji Hozawa, Alfonso Ielasi, Hisaaki Ishiguro, Hiroyoshi Kawamoto, Naoyuki Kurita, Azeem Latib, Takahiro Matsumoto, Satoru Mitomo, Matteo Montorfano, Toru Naganuma, Sunao Nakamura, Shotaro Nakamura, Satoko Tahara, Takayuki Warisawa, Yusuke Watanabe, Hiroto Yabushita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Welsh patients are having to wait longer than English patients for surgery
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Welsh orthopaedic patients getting treatment in England may have to wait longer for their operations than patients who are attending the same hospital, but who have addresses in England.

Different waiting list targets set in London and Cardiff mean that the maximum waiting times for English and Welsh patients are different. In Wales, the target is that no one should wait more than 18 months for an orthopaedic operation. In England the target is currently 15 months and will drop to 12 months in March.

“Wales has different targets to England. Each sets a target that it can afford. The problem for us is that we deal with English and …
Prophylaxis against systemic infection after transrectal biopsy for suspected prostatic carcinoma.
Authors: E C Ashby, M Rees, C H Dowding
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Five minutes after transrectal prostatic biopsy 16 out of 21 patients were shown by blood culture to have bacteraemia. Antibiotic prophylaxis--routinely with ampicillin and metronidazole for 48 hours--prevented progression to septicaemia, and four days after the procedure all blood samples were negative. Irrespective of whether antibiotic prophylaxis is used, blood culture should be routine in all patients undergoing transrectal prostatic biopsy.
NICE plans faster guidance on drugs for the NHS
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the body that develops guidance on the use of treatments for the NHS in England and Wales, said last week that it is discussing proposals with the Department of Health to appraise new drugs and health technologies more rapidly.

The process that NICE currently uses for technology appraisals of new or existing drugs has been criticised by patients' organisations as being too slow, typically taking 14-16 months ( BMJ 2005;331:652, 24 Sep).

The process starts with commissioning an independent academic centre to review published evidence on the …
Effects of Transvenous Electrode Polarity and Waveform Duration on the Relationship Between Defibrillation Threshold and Upper Limit of Vulnerability
Authors: Jian Huang, Bruce H. KenKnight, Gregory P. Walcott, Dennis L. Rollins, William M. Smith, Raymond E. Ideker
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The upper limit of vulnerability (ULV) hypothesis for defibrillation predicts that maneuvers that alter the ULV will cause a similar alteration in the defibrillation threshold (DFT). The purpose of this study was to test this prediction by evaluating the effects of electrode polarity and waveform duration on the relationship between the DFT and the ULV. Methods and Results Platinum spring electrodes were placed in the right ventricular (RV) apex and the superior vena cava in 12 pigs. Strength-duration curves were constructed for the DFT and ULV for each electrode polarity with monophasic waveforms (6 pigs) of different durations (2 to 14 ms) and biphasic truncated exponential waveforms (6 pigs) having phase 1 equal to 4 ms and phase 2 of different durations (0 to 10 ms). ULV data were gathered by scanning of the T wave. The ventricular pacing threshold (VPT) and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were also determined with these same waveforms. For the RV electrode as a cathode for monophasic and the first phase of biphasic stimuli, VPTs for the same waveform duration were significantly lower than for the configuration with the RV electrode as an anode. VFTs were not significantly different for the two electrode polarities with either monophasic or biphasic waveforms. The DFT changed in a fashion similar to the ULV with changes in electrode polarity and phase duration for both monophasic and biphasic waveforms. The ULV and DFT for each waveform duration for each polarity were strongly correlated ( r =.83 to .99). Conclusions The almost identical changes in ULV and DFT with changes in electrode polarity and waveform duration provide new evidence to support the ULV hypothesis of defibrillation.
A Pitfall in Calculating Differential Renal Function in Patients with Renal Failure
Authors: KAREN SENNEWALD, ANDREW TAYLOR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Measurement of relative renal function in azotemic patients can be misleading due to elevated background activity and delayed renal concentration of radiotracer. When there is delayed excretion of the tracer and obvious splenic or hepatic activity superimposed over one of the kidneys, it often is advantageous to delay the differential uptake measurement to allow renal activity to increase and background activity to decrease rather than use the standard 1- to 2- or 2- to 3-minute interval after radiopharmaceutical injection. The accompanying case illustrates the use of delayed images to obtain a more accurate assessment of relative renal function. The measurement must be made before the excretion of tracer into the ureter or bladder.
The Question Mark of Uncertainty
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Readers of medical journals can hardly fail to note the increasing number of editorials bearing titles that end with a question mark. This trend is a departure from tradition. An editorial is expected to express an opinion, to make an authoritative statement, to provide an answer rather than to pose a question. Questions are not always inseparably wedded to answers. The rhetorical question, for instance, requires no answer because the latter is obvious (Isn't good health desirable?). The answer, on the other hand, is far from obvious—in fact, it is usually impossible—to a metaphysical question (When did time begin? What is life?). Between these two extremes are more or less answerable questions that differ from one another by their intent. This may be a demand for information, a request for help, a test of knowledge, a researcher's probe, an inquisitor's trip-up, a debater's spar, or an opponent's heckle. The question
Left Ventricular Fistula as a Cause of Intractable Angina Pectoris
Authors: Leland B. Housman, John Morse, Britt Litchford, Robert Stein, John Mazur, Albert Starr
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Two patients had intractable angina pectoris due to left-coronary-artery to left-ventricle fistulas. Surgical repair resulted in complete relief of symptoms. Postoperative cardiac catheterization showed obliteration of the fistulas, with preservation of ventricular function. Operative therapy is indicated in this disorder.
THE INFLUENCE OF HEATING THE IMMUNIZATION MATERIAL UPON THE ANTIBODY-INVOKING EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TYPE-SPECIFIC AND SPECIES-SPECIFIC ANTIGENS OF TYPE II PNEUMOCOCCUS CELLS
Authors: Emidio L. Gaspari, John Y. Sugg, William L. Fleming, James M. Neill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

This paper presents an experimental comparison of the effect of heating of the immunization material upon the antibody-invoking effectiveness of the type-specific (SP) and species-specific (P) antigens of Type II pneumococci. Heating of the pneumococcus suspension (vaccine) invariably decreased the production of species-specific antibodies (anti-P) without a comparable effect upon the production of type-specific antibodies (anti-S). For diagnostic typing purposes, the ideal antipneumococcus serum should contain the maximum content of type-specific, and the minimum of species-specific antibody. Our results with forty-one rabbits indicate that the ideal serum from the type-specific standpoint would be obtained by immunization with the heated cells of virulent pneumococci over a comparatively short immunization period; and that the only thing gained by continued immunization or by the use of unheated bacteria at any stage of the immunization, is an increase in the species-specific antibody which is undesireable in sera to be used for diagnostic purposes.
Brain Metastases in Patients With Renal Cell Cancer Receiving New Targeted Treatment
Authors: Helgi H. Helgason, Henk A. Mallo, Helga Droogendijk, John.G. Haanen, Astrid A.M. van der Veldt, Alfonsus J. van den Eertwegh, Epie Boven
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)
Scintigraphic measurement of ileocaecal transit in irritable bowel syndrome and chronic idiopathic constipation.
Authors: R Hutchinson, A Notghi, N B Smith, L K Harding, D Kumar
Journal: Gut (1995)

This study investigated the hypothesis that some features of functional gastrointestinal disorders may be associated with abnormalities of ileocaecal transit by measuring ileocaecal transit using a scintigraphic technique in 43 patients with chronic constipation, 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and 18 control subjects. Subjects ingested enteric coated capsules, which delivered 111-indium radionuclide to the distal ileum. Gammacamera images were acquired at hourly intervals until caecal filling was complete. Ileocaecal transit was defined as the time between peak scintigraphic activity in the terminal ileum and peak activity in the caecum. The mean (SD) ileocaecal transit of 103 (50) minutes in patients with IBS was significantly faster than that in control subjects (mean (SD) ileocaecal transit 174 (78) minutes, p < 0.002). There were no significant differences in ileocaecal transit between patients with chronic idiopathic constipation and the control subjects, or between patients with constipation predominant and diarrhoea predominant IBS. This study developed a practical scintigraphic method of measuring ileocaecal transit. The rapid ileocaecal transit in both the constipation and diarrhoea predominant forms of IBS suggests that bloating may not after all result from delayed ileal emptying.