Hair It Is: The Long and Short of Monitoring Antiretroviral Treatment
Authors: Monica Gandhi, Ruth M. Greenblatt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Editorials15 October 2002Hair It Is: The Long and Short of Monitoring Antiretroviral TreatmentMonica Gandhi, MD, MPH and Ruth M. Greenblatt, MDMonica Gandhi, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this author and Ruth M. Greenblatt, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-8-200210150-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Potent combination antiretroviral therapies have favorably altered the natural history of HIV infection in the United States. Suboptimal drug concentrations are major predictors of treatment failure and the emergence of viral mutations that confer resistance. Nonadherence seems the most common reason for suboptimal drug levels (1). The ability of patients to adhere to antiretroviral regimens may be influenced by regimen complexity, recreational drug use, depression, lack of education, cost considerations, unstable living situations, side effects, and personal beliefs about the safety and efficacy of the drugs (1, 2). Drug level may also be influenced by coadministration of medications and nontraditional ...References1. Wainberg MA, Friedland G. Public health implications of antiretroviral therapy and HIV drug resistance. JAMA. 1998;279:1977-83. [PMID: 9643862] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Kleeberger CA, Phair JP, Strathdee SA, Detels R, Kingsley L, Jacobson LP. Determinants of heterogeneous adherence to HIV-antiretroviral therapies in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2001;26:82-92. [PMID: 11176272] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Moyer TP, Temesgen Z, Enger R, Estes L, Charlson J, Oliver L, et al . 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Fast analysis of drugs in a single hair. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 1998;9:1311-20. [PMID: 9835076] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Grant Support: By awards from the National Institutes of Health (RO1AI48483, P30MH59037, and T32 MH-19105).Corresponding Author: Ruth Greenblatt, MD, UCSF Infectious Diseases Division, UCSF Box 1352, San Francisco, CA 94143.Current Author Addresses: Drs. Gandhi and Greenblatt: UCSF Infectious Diseases Division, UCSF Box 1352, San Francisco, CA 94143. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRelationship between Levels of Indinavir in Hair and Virologic Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Louis Bernard , Albert Vuagnat , Gilles Peytavin , Marie-Charlotte Hallouin , Damien Bouhour , Thu Huyen Nguyen , Jean Louis Vildé , François Bricaire , Gilles Raguin , Pierre de Truchis , David Ghez , Michel Duong , and Christian Perronne Metrics Cited byPharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of atazanavir in hair among adolescents on antiretroviral treatment in ZimbabweTenofovir and emtricitabine concentrations in hair are comparable between individuals on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus tenofovir alafenamide‐based ARTAssociation of Hair Concentrations of Antiretrovirals with Virologic Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, ChinaComparing self-reported medication adherence measures with hair antiretroviral concentration among people living with HIV in Guangxi, ChinaA 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spectrometryAdherence Measurements in HIV: New Advancements in Pharmacologic Methods and Real-Time MonitoringIsoniazid concentrations in hair and plasma area-under-the-curve exposure among children with tuberculosisTherapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patientsNevirapine Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected PatientsHair concentrations of antiretrovirals predict viral suppression in HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding Ugandan womenDifferences in Misreporting of Sexual Behavior Over TimeComparing the Novel Method of Assessing PrEP Adherence/Exposure Using Hair Samples to Other Pharmacologic and Traditional MeasuresAntiretroviral Concentrations in Small Hair Samples as a Feasible Marker of Adherence in Rural KenyaShort Communication: A Low-Cost Method for Analyzing Nevirapine Levels in Hair as a Marker of Adherence in Resource-Limited SettingsAntiretroviral bioanalysis methods of tissues and body biofluidsReactions, beliefs and concerns associated with providing hair specimens for medical research among a South African sample: a qualitative approachStudies of Medication AdherenceHair Analysis for Determination of Isoniazid Concentrations and Acetylator Phenotype during Antituberculous TreatmentMicroanalysis of the antiretroviral nevirapine in human hair from HIV-infected patients by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryAtazanavir Concentration in Hair Is the Strongest Predictor of Outcomes on Antiretroviral TherapySensitive analysis of anti-HIV drugs, efavirenz, lopinavir and ritonavir, in human hair by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometryDe waarde van haaranalyse bij HIV-patiënten 15 October 2002Volume 137, Issue 8Page: 696-697KeywordsAntiretroviral therapyAntiretroviralsAttentionDrug abuseDrug therapyDrugsHIVMelaninMutationTherapeutic drug monitoring ePublished: 15 October 2002 Issue Published: 15 October 2002 Copyright & 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