tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Presentation and Clinical Outcomes of Choledochal Cysts in Children and Adults
Authors: Kevin C. Soares, Yuhree Kim, Gaya Spolverato, Shishir Maithel, Todd W. Bauer, Hugo Marques, Mafalda Sobral, Maria Knoblich, Thuy Tran, Luca Aldrighetti, Nicolas Jabbour, George A. Poultsides, T. Clark Gamblin, Timothy M. Pawlik
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Choledochal cysts (CCs) are rare, with risk of infection and cancer.To characterize the natural history, management, and long-term implications of CC disease.A total of 394 patients who underwent resection of a CC between January 1, 1972, and April 11, 2014, were identified from an international multi-institutional database. Patients were followed up through September 27, 2014. Clinicopathologic characteristics, operative details, and outcome data were analyzed from May 1, 2014, to October 14, 2014.Resection of CC.Management, morbidity, and overall survival.Among 394 patients, there were 135 children (34.3%) and 318 women (80.7%). Adults were more likely to present with abdominal pain (71.8% vs 40.7%; P < .001) and children were more likely to have jaundice (31.9% vs 11.6%; P < .001). Preoperative interventions were more commonly performed in adults (64.5% vs 31.1%; P < .001), including endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (55.6% vs 27.4%; P < .001), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (17.4% vs 5.9%; P < .001), and endobiliary stenting (18.1% vs 4.4%; P < .001)). Type I CCs were more often seen in children vs adults (79.7% vs 64.9%; P = .003); type IV CCs predominated in the adult population (23.9% vs 12.0%; P = .006). Extrahepatic bile duct resection with hepaticoenterostomy was the most frequently performed procedure in both age groups (80.3%). Perioperative morbidity was higher in adults (35.1% vs 16.3%; P < .001). On pathologic examination, 10 patients (2.5%) had cholangiocarcinoma. After a median follow-up of 28 months, 5-year overall survival was 95.5%. On follow-up, 13 patients (3.3%), presented with biliary cancer.Presentation of CC varied between children and adults, and resection was associated with a degree of morbidity. Although concomitant cancer was uncommon, it occurred in 3.0% of the patients. Long-term surveillance is indicated given the possibility of future development of biliary cancer after CC resection.
Yersinia enterocolitica arthritis in southern Sweden: a four-year follow-up study.
Authors: L Marsal, S Winblad, F A Wollheim
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Thirty-eight cases of suspected yersinia arthritis occurring in southern Sweden in 1975-6 were reviewed four to five years later. In 31 cases the diagnosis was confirmed. At follow-up three of the patients had definite ankylosing spondylitis, three radiologically confirmed sacroiliitis, three extensor tenosynovitis, five isolated articular joint disease, and 10 localised arthralgias; one patient had developed seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Only six of the 31 patients were free of joint symptoms. These results suggest that although the acute symptoms of yersinia arthritis disappear within 12 months, the long-term prognosis may be less favourable than previously thought.
CHICAGO MEDICAL SOCIETY.
Authors: Liston H. Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clare Neville Smith
Authors: J. Tyrrell, B. Revell, J. Heuch
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Clare Neville Smith trained at Girton College, Cambridge, and the West London Hospital during war time. After house jobs she moved to Canada in 1948, but it was her experience as a paediatrician from 1956 to 1958 with Save the Children Fund in Korea working with refugee children that shaped her future career. She was profoundly …
Circulating αKlotho influences phosphate handling by controlling FGF23 production
Authors: Rosamund C. Smith, Linda M. O’Bryan, Emily G. Farrow, Lelia J. Summers, Erica L. Clinkenbeard, Jessica L. Roberts, Taryn A. Cass, Joy Saha, Carol Broderick, Y. Linda Ma, Qing Qiang Zeng, Alexei Kharitonenkov, Jonathan M. Wilson, Qianxu Guo, Haijun Sun, Matthew R. Allen, David B. Burr, Matthew D. Breyer, Kenneth E. White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

The FGF23 coreceptor αKlotho (αKL) is expressed as a membrane-bound protein (mKL) that forms heteromeric complexes with FGF receptors (FGFRs) to initiate intracellular signaling. It also circulates as an endoproteolytic cleavage product of mKL (cKL). Previously, a patient with increased plasma cKL as the result of a translocation [t(9;13)] in the αKLOTHO (KL) gene presented with rickets and a complex endocrine profile, including paradoxically elevated plasma FGF23, despite hypophosphatemia. The goal of this study was to test whether cKL regulates phosphate handling through control of FGF23 expression. To increase cKL levels, mice were treated with an adeno-associated virus producing cKL. The treated groups exhibited dose-dependent hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemia, with markedly elevated FGF23 (38 to 456 fold). The animals also manifested fractures, reduced bone mineral content, expanded growth plates, and severe osteomalacia, with highly increased bone Fgf23 mRNA (>150 fold). cKL activity in vitro was specific for interactions with FGF23 and was FGFR dependent. These results demonstrate that cKL potently stimulates FGF23 production in vivo, which phenocopies the KL translocation patient and metabolic bone syndromes associated with elevated FGF23. These findings have important implications for the regulation of αKL and FGF23 in disorders of phosphate handling and biomineralization.
A CASE OF MALIGNANT PUSTULE.Reported to the Bunscombe Co. Medical Society, Feb. 1, 1892.
Authors: KARL VON RUCK
Journal: JAMA (1892)

That comparatively rare affections come to our notice when least expected we all have learned from experience, and it is certainly one of the last of improbable cases that I should have imagined to present itself to me, the more so, as I am not engaged in general practice. Nevertheless, on Dec. 8th, a patient who has been under my care more or less for the last three years, on account of his pulmonary affection, called upon me with the following statement: on noon of the day before, he noticed a spot on the inner aspect of the first phalanx of the fore-finger of his left hand, looking like a flea bite, which attracted his attention on account of severe itching; by evening a vesicle had formed surrounded by a red areola, and a burning, stinging sensation was also present; the finger and surrounding parts had become slightly swollen. The
Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency
Authors: Allan R. Glass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters16 June 2009Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health EmergencyAllan R. Glass, MDAllan R. Glass, MDFrom Bethesda, MD 20814.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:To me, the thought-provoking article by White and colleagues (1) raises an even bigger issue: What is the ethical context of not allocating sufficient resources in advance so that these wrenching ethical decisions become necessary in the first place? The scenarios for pandemic flu are well recognized and its consequences studied extensively; is it unethical for the government and society not to spend money to develop an inexpensive temporary respirator, to stockpile such respirators (as we do such drugs as oseltamivir), to modify auditoriums so they can serve as temporary respiratory intensive care units, and to develop ...Reference1. White DB, Katz MH, Luce JM, Lo B. Who should receive life support during a public health emergency? Using ethical principles to improve allocation decisions. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:132-8. [PMID: 19153413] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Allan R. Glass, MDAffiliations: From Bethesda, MD 20814.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoWho Should Receive Life Support During a Public Health Emergency? Using Ethical Principles to Improve Allocation Decisions Douglas B. White , Mitchell H. Katz , John M. Luce , and Bernard Lo Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency John Hansen-Flaschen Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency Mark D. Siegel Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency Tia Powell , Guthrie Birkhead , and Kelly Christ Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency Michael D. Christian , Christian E. Sandrock , Asha Devereaux , James Geiling , CAPT Dennis E. Amundson , and Lewis Rubinson Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency Douglas B. White , Bernard Lo , and Mitch Katz Metrics 16 June 2009Volume 150, Issue 12 Page: 889 Keywords Conflicts of interest Drugs Forecasting Intensive care units Prevention, policy, and public health Ventilators ePublished: 16 June 2009 Issue Published: 16 June 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Carcinoma of the Breast Stage III—Inoperable
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

International Classification of mammary carcinoma. Primary lesion in breast is a small circle within large circle. Code indicates characteristics of local and aggressive invasion (T<sub>1</sub>to T<sub>4</sub>). Axilla and its contents are portrayed by triangle with circles within to represent positive nodes and the same code of local invasion applies (N<sub>o</sub>to N<sub>3</sub>). Staging and metastases are apparent. Stage III is comprised of primary lesion T<sub>3</sub>and T<sub>4</sub>which are aggressive and deeply invading locally and fixed nodes (N<sub>2</sub>) or supraclavicular nodes (N<sub>3</sub>). T<sub>1</sub>and T<sub>2</sub>lesions with more extensive nodal involvement are also stage III. There are no distant metastases (M<sub>o</sub>). (Courtesy of M. Vera Peters, MD)
Factors Influencing Return to Work
Authors: D. A. Brewerton, J. W. Daniel
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Seventy-seven patients with severe brachial plexus injuries were interviewed two or more years later to determine their success in returning to work and the factors that had led to good or bad resettlement. For most of them these were crucial issues potentially influencing the rest of their lives. When interviewed virtually all had regular jobs in open industry, but many had endured long delays and most were working entirely one-handed. Failure of communication was regrettably common. Too often advice by doctors had been lacking, and there was evidence that the services for vocational resettlement could be improved.
Folic Acid in Coeliac Disease
Authors: L. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MEDBRATIJOUSNA 297 then removed and the puncture wounds were sealed with col- lodium flexile.The ankle was lightly bandaged.The patient stated that the pain was greatly relieved.Bacteriological examination revealed numerous Gram-positive cocci and pus cells.On culture profuse colonies of Staphylo-
Reimbursement of Physicians-Reply
Authors: Jeffrey E. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Specialists who cannot see the forest for the trees and family physicians who cannot see the trees are both in error, yet Dr Gillette's comments about "orientation" and "specific education" are incorrect. Pediatricians do not lack specific education in behavioral medicine and family dynamics. My residency program at Galveston, Tex, included a six-month program in which one third to one half of the time was spent in these areas. The American Academy of Pediatrics from its inception has stressed treating the whole child and has been one of the leading forces in all aspects of child advocacy. The family physician has nothing extra to offer in this area. Compassionate specialty care is the ideal.
Lack of Publicly Available Scientific Evidence on the Safety and Effectiveness of Implanted Medical Devices
Authors: Diana Zuckerman, Paul Brown, Aditi Das
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Under the 510(k) process, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clears about 400 implanted medical devices that are considered moderate to high risk for market each year without requiring clinical testing. Instead, the FDA requires the applicant to provide scientific evidence that the new device is "substantially equivalent" to a device or devices already on the market (predicate devices). Companies are legally required to submit the evidence to the FDA and to make publicly available at least a summary of the evidence.To assess the types of scientific evidence used to determine substantial equivalence, safety, or effectiveness for a representative sample of implanted medical devices; the number of predicates for each implant; and whether this evidence was publicly available.Using FDA databases, we determined the device categories of the first 5 implanted medical devices cleared through the 510(k) process in 2008: cardiovascular, dental, general and plastic surgery, neurological, and orthopedic. We then identified the first 2 implanted medical devices approved in each of the 5 categories for each year from 2008 through 2012. The sample of 50 devices included, for example, total hip implants, vascular embolization devices, and surgical mesh. We also identified the 1105 predicates the manufacturers listed for these devices.For each implanted medical device and its predicates, we determined whether clinical or nonclinical scientific evidence was provided to the FDA to support the claim of substantial equivalence and whether this evidence was publicly available. We also determined if safety or effectiveness data were provided.Scientific data to support the claim of substantial equivalence were publicly available for 8 of the 50 newly cleared implants (16%) and 31 of their 1105 listed predicates (3%). Most of the evidence was nonclinical data; some of the data also evaluated safety or effectiveness.Despite the legal requirement that scientific evidence of substantial equivalence be publicly available for medical devices cleared by the FDA through the 501(k) process, such information is lacking for most implanted medical devices cleared between 2008 and 2012, as well as for their predicates.
Abstract 4616: Chemo-sensitisation in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines by targeting Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 (ANKRD1)
Authors: Ying Lei, Beric Ross Henderson, Catherine Emmanuel, Paul Harnett, Anna de Fazio
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Primary and acquired chemotherapy resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer and there are currently few targeted treatments that improve clinical outcome. We screened for genes that could potentially be targeted to sensitise, or re-sensitise, ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy and identified a novel candidate, Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 (ANKRD1), not previously described in ovarian cancer. ANKRD1 is a putative transcription factor with roles in muscle development, inflammation and response to cell stress. ANKRD1 is a target of TGF-β/Wnt signalling, and is also a binding partner of Titin (TTN) which been identified as a candidate with a high probability of carrying ‘driver’ mutations in ovarian cancer. ANKRD1 was expressed in serous ovarian cancer samples and higher tumor levels were found in patients with worse outcome (overall survival, p=0.013), (Scurr et al, Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14: 6924-32). In this study we showed that ANKRD1 levels decrease in response to cisplatin, in concert with induction of PARP cleavage and apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cell lines, COLO316, PEO14 and OAW42. We showed that decreasing ANKRD1 expression using siRNA (ON-TARGETplus Human ANKRD1 siRNA) increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Increased cisplatin sensitivity was associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, evidenced by induction of GRP78, GADD153 and increased intracellular Ca2+ release. We have screened drug libraries (Prestwick library) for agents that sensitise ovarian cancer cell lines to platins, via an ANKRD1 related mechanism, and have identified several potential candidate molecules. Taken together, these results suggest that ANKRD1 plays a significant role in the regulation of apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells, and is a potential molecular target to enhance sensitivity of ovarian cancer to chemotherapy. Citation Format: Ying Lei, Beric Ross Henderson, Catherine Emmanuel, Paul Harnett, Anna de Fazio. Chemo-sensitisation in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines by targeting Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 (ANKRD1). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4616. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4616
The death penalty.
Authors: R. J. Bonnie
Journal: BMJ (1992)

as capable of forming an unimpaired and rational judgment concerning the consequences of such a voluntary refusal of nourishment, he or she shall not be fed artificially."From a European viewpoint, it is hard to imagine the importance ofreports such as Medicine Betrayed for colleagues working to protect human rights in less privileged conditions.During several human rights missions I have seen how the BMA's Torture Report is used as an authoritative reference when violations of human rights are challenged.The working party approaches the future realistically, encouraged by the progress already made in human rights.Implementing its recommendations now becomes a responsi-bility of the international medical and human rights community.After Medicine Betrayed doctors cannot remain silent.
Dolichol phosphate mannose synthase (DPM1) mutations define congenital disorder of glycosylation Ie (CDG-Ie)
Authors: Soohyun Kim, Vibeke Westphal, Geetha Srikrishna, Darshini P. Mehta, Sandra Peterson, James Filiano, Pamela S. Karnes, Marc C. Patterson, Hudson H. Freeze
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are metabolic deficiencies in glycoprotein biosynthesis that usually cause severe mental and psychomotor retardation. Different forms of CDGs can be recognized by altered isoelectric focusing (IEF) patterns of serum transferrin (Tf). Two patients with these symptoms and similar abnormal Tf IEF patterns were analyzed by metabolic labeling of fibroblasts with ¿2-(3)Hmannose. The patients produced a truncated dolichol-linked precursor oligosaccharide with 5 mannose residues, instead of the normal precursor with 9 mannose residues. Addition of 250 microM mannose to the culture medium corrected the size of the truncated oligosaccharide. Microsomes from fibroblasts of these patients were approximately 95% deficient in dolichol-phosphate-mannose (Dol-P-Man) synthase activity, with an apparent K(m) for GDP-Man approximately 6-fold higher than normal. DPM1, the gene coding for the catalytic subunit of Dol-P-Man synthase, was altered in both patients. One patient had a point mutation, C(274)G, causing an R(92)G change in the coding sequence. The other patient also had the C(274)G mutation and a 13-bp deletion that presumably resulted in an unstable transcript. Defects in DPM1 define a new glycosylation disorder, CDG-Ie.
Herman the bull gets Dutch go ahead
Authors: R Pascoe
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Plans to produce the human breast milk protein lactoferrin through the use of genetically engineered cows in the Netherlands will be allowed to continue despite the participation of a manufacturer of baby food in the projects.

The Dutch government has decided not to withdraw the licence for Gene Pharming Europe to continue its work with Herman, a bull that has been implanted with a human gene in the hope that its female offspring will produce lactoferrin - which is thought to inhibit gastroenteric infections - in their milk. The …
Paracetamol and self poisoning
Authors: J. B Spooner
Journal: BMJ (1995)

modest alkalosis causing vasoconstriction (pH about 7 4-7 5) this difference increased to 0 53 kPa (unpublished observations).Forster et al have found unsatisfactory correlation between arterial and arterialised venous samples for partial pressure of oxygen.4Capillary or venous sampling to estimate arterial blood gas pressure has been used for many years,24 and several other indirect methods have also been used.'Whilesome results have been encouraging, the conclusion that such methods should become routine is probably still premature.If knowledge of the arterial blood gas pressures is important in determining management in potentially life threatening conditions then the arterial blood gas pressures should be measured.