tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Multinational, Multi-institutional Study Comparing Positive Surgical Margin Rates Among 22 393 Open, Laparoscopic, and Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy Patients
Authors: Prasanna Sooriakumaran, Abhishek Srivastava, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Phillip D. Stricker, Thomas Ahlering, Christopher G. Eden, Peter N. Wiklund, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Alexandre Mottrie, David Lee, David E. Neal, Reza Ghavamian, Peter Nyirady, Andreas Nilsson, Stefan Carlsson, Evanguelos Xylinas, Wolfgang Loidl, Christian Seitz, Paul Schramek, Claus Roehrborn, Xavier Cathelineau, Douglas Skarecky, Greg Shaw, Anne Warren, Warick J. Delprado, Anne-Marie Haynes, Ewout Steyerberg, Monique J. Roobol, Ashutosh K. Tewari
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Minimal clinically important improvement/difference (MCII/MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS): what do these concepts mean?
Authors: T. K Kvien, T. Heiberg, K. B Hagen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

An increasing focus has over recent years been directed to the use of categorical endpoints to define response, i.e. to define cut-points for important improvement and/or acceptable clinical state. The levels of Minimal Clinically Important Improvement (MCII) are typically defined according to the patients perception of what is an important improvement. It can be defined as the smallest change in measurement that signifies an important improvement. MCII signifies an improvement of relevance in a clinical trial, or the minimal meaningful change at an individual level. The Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) may reflect either an improvement or a worsening. Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) has been defined as the highest level of symptom beyond which patients consider themselves well. Cut-points for MCII and PASS are usually identified through two different statistical approaches. The 75th percentage approach identifies the cut-point corresponding to the 75 percentile of the scores for improvement in patients who report an important improvement by the anchoring question. Applying receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves allows for choosing the threshold that is the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity for each outcome criterion. The identified cut-points for MCII and PASS may easily be incorporated as endpoints in clinical trials, and will provide information about the proportion of patients that achieve an improvement exceeding the level accepted as MCII and achieve a state accepted as PASS.
Laboratory and embryological aspects of hCG-primed in vitro maturation cycles for patients with polycystic ovaries
Authors: W.-Y. Son, S. L. Tan
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2010)

In this review, recent advances in the laboratory as well as embryological aspects of hCG priming in vitro maturation (IVM) cycles are described. This report is based on publications from literature searches and the authors' experience. In IVM cycles, priming with hCG permits the recovery of a certain number of oocytes with an expanding/dispersed cumulus pattern which facilitates its identification within follicular fluid as compared with non-primed IVM cycles. The immature oocytes with dispersed cumulus cells (CC) at collection have high IVM rates and embryo development potentials. Moreover, a few in vivo matured oocytes with dispersed CC can be obtained, and these have produced good quality embryos. hCG can be given to patients when a dominant follicle reaches 10–12 mm to avoid negative effects on the sibling immature oocytes. ICSI should be performed at least 1 h after the first polar body extrusion. Embryo transfer time depends on quantity and quality of the embryos produced after IVM. Compared with slow freezing, vitrification is a more efficient method for freezing the embryos produced from IVM. The data from the meta-analyses suggests that the effect on clinical outcome of gonadotrophin priming of IVM still needs to be studied. In order to improve the IVM programs, it is essential to define not only the clinical aspects but also the laboratory and embryological aspects.
Outcome of Multipair Donor Kidney Exchange by a Web-Based Algorithm
Authors: Beom Seok Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Soon Il Kim, Myoung Soo Kim, Ho Yung Lee, Yong-Lim Kim, Chan Duck Kim, Chul Woo Yang, Bum Soon Choi, Duck Jong Han, Yon Su Kim, Sung Joo Kim, Ha-Young Oh, Dae Joong Kim
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

Donor kidney exchange is an established method to overcome incompatibility of donor–recipient pairs (DRP). A computerized algorithm was devised to exchange donor kidney and was tested in a multicenter setting. The algorithm was made according to the consensus of participating centers. It makes all possible exchange combinations not only between two incompatible DRP but also circularly among three DRP and selects an optimum set of exchange combinations, considering several factors that can affect the outcome of the exchanged transplant. The algorithm was implemented as a web-based program, and matching was performed five times. Fifty-three DRP were enrolled from five transplant centers. The numbers of DRP that were enrolled in each matching were 38 (25:13), 39 (34:5), 33 (31:2), 32 (28:4), and 34 (30:4) (carryover:newcomer). The numbers of generated exchange combinations were 4:11, 3:17, 2:12, 2:3, and 2:3 (two-pair exchange:three-pair exchange), and the numbers of DRP in selected exchange combinations were six, 12, six, five, and four in each matching. The numbers of DRP with blood type O recipient or AB donor were five and one, respectively, in selected exchange combinations. Six DRP of two-pair exchange combinations and six DRP of three-pair exchange combinations underwent transplantation successfully. Computerized algorithm of donor kidney exchange was tried not only between two incompatible DRP but also circularly among three DRP. It showed that the algorithm has potential to improve the outcome of donor kidney exchange, especially for disadvantaged DRP with blood type O recipients or AB donors.
Race and Electronically Measured Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications after Deceased Donor Renal Transplantation
Authors: Francis L. Weng, Ajay K. Israni, Marshall M. Joffe, Tracey Hoy, Christina A. Gaughan, Melissa Newman, John D. Abrams, Malek Kamoun, Sylvia E. Rosas, Kevin C. Mange, Brian L. Strom, Kenneth L. Brayman, Harold I. Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Nonadherence to immunosuppressive medications may partly explain the worse allograft outcomes among black recipients of renal transplants. In a prospective cohort study of recipients of deceased donor renal transplants, microelectronic cap monitors were placed on bottles of one immunosuppressive medication to ( 1 ) measure average daily percentage adherence during the first posttransplantation year and ( 2 ) determine the factors associated with adherence. A total of 278 transplant recipients who provided sufficient microelectronic adherence data were grouped into four categories of average daily percentage adherence: 95 to 100% adherence (41.0% of patients), 80 to 95% adherence (32.4%), 50 to 80% adherence (12.9%), and 0 to 50% adherence (13.7%). In the unadjusted ordinal logistic regression model, black race was associated with decreased adherence (odds ratio [OR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26 to 0.72; P = 0.001). Cause of renal disease, Powerful Others health locus of control, transplant center, and dosing frequency were also associated with adherence. After adjustment for transplant center and dosing frequency, the association between black race and decreased adherence was substantially attenuated (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.38 to 1.14, P = 0.13). Transplant center ( P = 0.003) and increased dosing frequency (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.86, for three or four times per day dosing; OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.01 to 5.45, for daily dosing; versus two times per day dosing; P = 0.003) remained independently associated with adherence. Other baseline demographic, socioeconomic, medical, surgical, and psychosocial characteristics were not associated with adherence. The transplant center and dosing frequencies of immunosuppressive medications are associated with adherence and explain a substantial proportion of the race-adherence relationship.
MULTIPLE GANGRENE OF THE SKIN: A REPORT OF THREE CASES.
Authors: J. H. TWISTON DAVIES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article MULTIPLE GANGRENE OF THE SKIN: A REPORT OF THREE CASES. Get access J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, M.B., B.CH.Cantab. J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, M.B., B.CH.Cantab. Dermatologist, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1933, Pages 341–345, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb10189.x Published: 01 August 1933
COPD severity and health impact across the current CanCOLD population
Authors: Jean Bourbeau, Wan C. Tan, Andrea Benedetti, Shawn D. Aaron, Kenneth R. Chapman, Harvey Cookson, Robert Cowie, J. Mark Fitzgerald, Roger Goldstein, Paul Hernandez, Jonathon Leipsic, Francois Maltais, Darcy Marciniuk, Denis O'Donnell, Donald D. Sin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Based on the observation that COPD prevalence from COLD is 4-fold higher than previous estimates, CanCOLD (Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung disease) has been built to better characterize COPD subject phenotypes. Objective: To determine in a random population sampling of non institutionalized adults aged ≥40 years the severity of COPD detected with spirometry and the impact on health. Methods: CanCOLD is a prospective longitudinal cohort study (9 sites), tracking 1800 subjects with assessment at baseline, 18 and 36 months. CanCOLD sampling is based on the selection and contact of COPD subjects from the prevalence study COLD. Then matched non-COPD peers are selected/contacted. Measurements are in 5 categories: questionnaires (SF-36, SGRQ and CAT); pulmonary function and exercise tests; Chest CT scan; blood tests; and administrative databases. Results: More than 25% (>400 subjects) recruitment is accomplished. There was no difference of the SF-36 scores for GOLD2+, GOLD1, at risk and healthy subjects. GOLD1 reported similar health status than at risk (SGRQ, CAT) and healthy subjects (CAT). GOLD2+ reported worsening health status compared to GOLD1, at risk (SGRQ, CAT) and healthy subjects (CAT). In subjects started by their physicians on any respiratory medication, the CAT scores [mean (SD)] were 12.9 (8.2), 9.9 (5.5), 7.5 (5.4) and 7.1 (5.3) for GOLD2+, GOLD1, at risk and healthy, and for those not on respiratory medication 7.9 (5.5), 5.3 (5.0), 5.7 (5.4) and 5.8 (3.9). Similar results were found with SGRQ. Conclusions: Clusters based on CAT and SGRQ can be of interest to phenotype COPD subjects in the population. Funding by CIHR RxD ClinicalTrials.gov: [NCT00920348][1].

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00920348&atom=%2Ferj%2F40%2FSuppl_56%2FP3443.atom
Ability to Predict Metastasis Based On Pathology Findings and Alterations in Nuclear Structure Of Normal-Appearing and Cancer Peripheral Zone Epithelium in the Prostate
Authors: Robert W. Veltri, Masood A. Khan, M. Craig Miller, Jonathan I. Epstein, Leslie A. Mangold, Patrick C. Walsh, Alan W. Partin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Malignant transformation in the prostate produces significant alterations in glandular architecture (Gleason grade) and nuclear structure that provide valuable prognostic information. Normal-appearing nuclei (NN) adjacent to cancer may also have altered functions in response to malignancy. We studied NN adjacent to peripheral zone (PZ) prostate cancer (PCa), as well as the PZ cancer nuclei (CaN) using quantitative image cytometry. The nuclear structure information was combined with routine pathological findings to predict metastatic PCa progression and/or death. Experimental Design: Tissue microarrays of normal-appearing and cancer areas were prepared from 182 pathologist-selected paraffin blocks. Feulgen-stained CaN and NN were captured from the tissue microarrays using the AutoCyte Pathology Workstation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate quantitative nuclear grade (QNG) solutions based on nuclear morphometric descriptors determined from NN and CaN. Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier plots were also used to predict risk for distant metastasis and/or PCa-specific death using QNG solutions and routine pathology. Results: The pathology model yielded an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 72.5%. The QNG-NN and QNG-CaN solutions yielded an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 81.6 and 79.9%, respectively, but used different sets of nuclear morphometric descriptors. Kaplan-Meier plots for the pathology variables, the QNG-NN and QNG-CaN solutions, were combined with pathology to defined three statistically significantly distinct risk groups for distant metastasis and/or death (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Alterations in cancer or normal-appearing nuclei adjacent to peripheral zone cancer areas can predict PCa progression and/or death. The QNG-NN and QNG-CA solutions could be combined with pathology variables to improve the prediction of distant metastasis.
Proteome Analysis of Rice Root Proteins Regulated by Gibberellin
Authors: Setsuko Komatsu, Hirosato Konishi
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2005)

Abstract To gain an enhanced understanding of the mechanism by which gibberellins (GAs) regulate the growth and development of plants, it is necessary to identify proteins regulated by GA. Proteome analysis techniques have been applied as a direct, effective, and reliable tool in differential protein expressions. In previous studies, sixteen proteins showed differences in accumulation levels as a result of treatment with GA3, uniconazole, or abscisic acid (ABA), and/or the differences between the GA-deficient semi-dwarf mutant, Tan-ginbozu, and normal cultivars. Among these proteins, aldolase increased in roots treated with GA3, was present at low levels in Tan-ginbozu roots, and decreased in roots treated with uniconazole or ABA. In a root elongation assay, the growth of aldolase-antisense transgenic rice was half of that of vector control transgenic rice. These results indicate that increases in aldolase activity stimulate the glycolytic pathway and may play an important role in the GA-induced growth of roots. In this review, we discuss the relationship among GA, aldolase, and root growth.
Phase Ib safety and pharmacokinetic study of volociximab, an anti-α5β1 integrin antibody, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: B. Besse, L.C. Tsao, D.T. Chao, Y. Fang, J.-C. Soria, S. Almokadem, C.P. Belani
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Convulsive and Drug Therapies of Depression
Authors: M Fink
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1981)

Depressive disorders are complex alterations in mood state; they occur at any age and are of unknown and seeming multiple pathogenesis. There is no generally accepted reliable prophylaxis or treatment for depressive disor­ ders. Various therapies are used. ranging from environmental change, reas­ surance, counselling, and psychotherapy to drug therapies and to such unusual interventions as electroconvulsive therapy (BeT), insulin coma, and leukotomy. Environmental and verbal therapies are generally used for the altered mood states following bereavement, loss of a job or a lover, or other reactive depressive states. For more serious mood disturbances, particularly those with endogenous features or suicide threats, specific an­ tidepressant drug therapies are generally recommended. Studies comparing the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants or monoamine oxidase inhibitors with EeT consistently find EeT to be clinically more effective and, at the least, equivalent in safety (28). Yet, EeT is infrequently prescribed. The reasons are many, including inelegance, expense, risks, side-effects, fear, and the need for special training and special facilities for EeT. But, if the published reports are correct that EeT is an effective and rapidly active treatment, which is also as safe as other therapies, when and how is it to be recommended to overcome the fear and antipathy to its use? Are there guides to the recommendation of EeT that may be useful in clinical medical practice?
Relationship Between the Anatomical Orientation of the Interventricular Septum and the Manifest Orientation of Ventricular Depolarization in Dogs
Authors: Leo G. Horan, Fred L. Hansen, Renee M. Bousquet
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Exact anatomical orientation of the interventricular septum was compared with apparent direction of electrical activity during ventricular depolarization in 22 dogs. In 15 control animals, the mean orientation of a vector normal to the right septal surface was toward the front, to the right, and slightly headward. The mean orientation of the 10-msec. vector (QRS) was almost directly toward the front and slightly tailward. The mean orientation of the polar vector was to the left, slightly to the front, and slightly headward. The values for each of these means were obtained in spherical coordinates: anatomical vector--141.7 degrees azimuth, 20.2 degrees altitude; 10-msec. vector (QRS)--92.0 degrees azimuth, -9.4 degrees altitude; and polar vector--14.8 degrees azimuth, 20.0 degrees altitude. In 7 dogs, rotation of the heart to the right by means of previously implanted guy sutures consistently moved the 10-msec. vector to the right also, but there was simultaneous unpredictable deviation either headward or tailward of the electrical vector. Polar vector shift was not consistent. Rotational transformation of axes for each dog, bringing the vector of the right septal surface into coincidence with the negative X-axis, did not bring to a focus the scatter of orientations of either group of electrical vectors, indicating that variation in electrical position depends upon other factors in addition to variation in anatomical position.
Nonsense Mutations in Folliculin Presenting as Isolated Familial Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Adults
Authors: Randall B. Graham, Melissa Nolasco, Borut Peterlin, Christine Kim Garcia
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Approximately 10% of patients who have a spontaneous pneumothorax have a positive family history.We sought to identify DNA sequence variations that confer susceptibility to pneumothoraces.We collected 12 families that had at least 2 first-degree relatives with a spontaneous pneumothorax. All affected family members had no obvious stigmata of known genetic disorders associated with pneumothoraces. We used haplotype analysis, DNA sequencing, and restriction fragment analysis of mutations to evaluate the individuals in these families.In 2 of the 12 families the disorder cosegregated with markers flanking a candidate locus, FLCN. Sequencing the linked alleles revealed 2 mutations predicted to introduce premature stop codons in 2 of the 12 families. Most mutations in FLCN cause a rare disease, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of multiple benign skin lesions, renal tumors, pulmonary blebs, and pneumothoraces. None of the family members with the nonsense mutations had the skin manifestations of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome or renal cancer. Pathologic examination of lung tissue from three affected nonsmokers revealed blebs and underlying emphysema.Isolated familial spontaneous pneumothorax can be caused by mutations of the FLCN gene. Because development of a pneumothorax and/or pulmonary blebs may be the earliest or the only clinical manifestation of FLCN mutations, pulmonologists should be alert to the contribution of this gene toward this familial form of emphysema.
A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Bcl-XL Potentiates the Activity of Cytotoxic Drugs<i>In vitro</i>and<i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Alex R. Shoemaker, Anatol Oleksijew, Joy Bauch, Barbara A. Belli, Tony Borre, Milan Bruncko, Thomas Deckwirth, David J. Frost, Ken Jarvis, Mary K. Joseph, Kennan Marsh, William McClellan, Hugh Nellans, ShiChung Ng, Paul Nimmer, Jacqueline M. O'Connor, Tilman Oltersdorf, Weiguo Qing, Wang Shen, Jason Stavropoulos, Stephen K. Tahir, Baole Wang, Robert Warner, Haichao Zhang, Stephen W. Fesik, Saul H. Rosenberg, Steven W. Elmore
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Inhibition of the prosurvival members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of cancer. We have previously reported the activity of ABT-737, a potent inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w, which exhibits monotherapy efficacy in xenograft models of small-cell lung cancer and lymphoma and potentiates the activity of numerous cytotoxic agents. Here we describe the biological activity of A-385358, a small molecule with relative selectivity for binding to Bcl-XL versus Bcl-2 (Ki's of 0.80 and 67 nmol/L for Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, respectively). This compound efficiently enters cells and co-localizes with the mitochondrial membrane. Although A-385358 shows relatively modest single-agent cytotoxic activity against most tumor cell lines, it has an EC50 of &amp;lt;500 nmol/L in cells dependent on Bcl-XL for survival. In addition, A-385358 enhances the in vitro cytotoxic activity of numerous chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, etoposide, cisplatin, and doxorubicin) in several tumor cell lines. In A549 non–small-cell lung cancer cells, A-385358 potentiates the activity of paclitaxel by as much as 25-fold. Importantly, A-385358 also potentiated the activity of paclitaxel in vivo. Significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed when A-385358 was added to maximally tolerated or half maximally tolerated doses of paclitaxel in the A549 xenograft model. In tumors, the combination therapy also resulted in a significant increase in mitotic arrest followed by apoptosis relative to paclitaxel monotherapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(17): 8731-9)
Resolution of Allergic Inflammation and Airway Hyperreactivity Is Dependent upon Disruption of the T1/ST2–IL-33 Pathway
Authors: Jennifer Kearley, Karen F. Buckland, Sara A. Mathie, Clare M. Lloyd
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Although there have been numerous studies on the development of allergen-induced inflammation, the mechanisms leading to resolution of inflammation remain poorly understood. This represents an important consideration because failure to resolve allergen driven inflammation potentially leads to irreversible airway remodeling, characteristic of chronic asthma.We investigated the resolution of allergic inflammation and identified the factors responsible.BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to ovalbumin and challenged through the airways to induce allergic inflammation. Mice were analyzed at 24 hours and 7 days after the final challenge.Airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and increased mucus production were present 7 days after the cessation of allergen challenge in BALB/c mice. Persisting AHR correlated with the continued presence of Th2 cells but not eosinophils in the lungs. The role of Th2 cells in maintaining AHR was confirmed using blocking antibodies against T1/ST2, IL-4, and IL-13 during the resolution period. Moreover, AHR in the "Th1 type" C57BL/6 mouse strain was resolved 1 week after allergen challenge, concomitant with clearance of Th2 cells from the lung. Expression of the T1/ST2 ligand, IL-33, also correlated with maintenance of AHR.We have used blockade of Th2 function and strain differences to show for the first time that resolution of allergic inflammation and AHR may be dependent on the T1/ST2-IL-33 pathway and the presence of Th2 cells, suggesting they are necessary not only for the development of an allergic response but also for its maintenance.