tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limiting reductive stress for treating in-stent stenosis: the heart of the matter?
Authors: Judy B. de Haan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Restenosis after balloon angioplasty and stenting (BAS) remains an unsolved clinical dilemma for patients with coronary artery disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms that drive this phenomenon is likely to lead to more effective treatments. In this issue of the JCI, Ali et al. uncover a critical redox axis with the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) at its hub and identify potential new therapeutic targets, such as ROS1 tyrosine kinase. This study represents a potential new approach to finding a treatment for BAS, with implications that may extend beyond BAS to other vasculopathies involving vascular remodeling.
Assessing priorities for allocation of donor liver grafts: survey of public and clinicians
Authors: J. Neuberger, D. Adams, P. MacMaster, A. Maidment, M. Speed
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To compare the priorities of the general public, family doctors, and gastroenterologists in allocating donor livers to potential recipients of liver allograft. <b>Design</b> Representative quota sampling of 1000&nbsp;members of the general public and 200&nbsp;family doctors, and a postal questionnaire of 100&nbsp;gastroenterologists. <b>Subjects</b>: Respondents were given eight hypothetical case histories (based on real patients) and asked to select recipients for four donor livers. Cases were selected to identify controversial areas such as extremes of age, misuse of alcohol, and intravenous drugs. Respondents were also asked to select the least deserving case and which of seven possible factors (time on waiting list, outcome, age, value to society, return to work, previous use of illicit drugs, and involvement of alcohol in the liver damage) should be used to select patients already listed for transplantation. Focus groups were also held to explore further the reasons for the choices given. <b>Results</b>: There were considerable differences between the three groups in the choice of the recipients, although alcohol use and antisocial behaviour always rated low. For selection of recipients the general public thought that, in decreasing order of importance, age, outcome, and time on the waiting list were the most important factors in selecting recipients; family doctors rated outcome, age, and likely work status after transplantation and the gastroenterologists outcome, work status, and non-involvement of alcohol in the cause of the liver disease as the most important factors. <b>Conclusions</b>: The views of the public are at variance with those of clinicians. Further debate is required to ensure an equitable and appropriate distribution of a scarce resource.
40. Increased Transgene Expression of Dystrophin in mdx Muscle by RNAi-Mediated Silencing of Calpain Expression
Authors: Makiya Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Hirata, Kazuya Machida, Yuki Takahashi, Katsutoshi Yuasa, Shin'ichi Takeda, Yoshinobu Takakura
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
Plasmid DNA-based dystrophin gene transfer can be a way to cure Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) at the molecular level. However, there are several technical difficulties in DMD gene therapy. Although intravascular delivery of naked plasmid DNA solves some of the problems associated with the delivery of dystrophin gene to widespread muscle cells, a marked increase in the expression level of dystrophin may be required for effective DMD gene therapy. Several studies have reported that the cellular free calcium is increased in dystrophic muscle and this increase activates calcium-dependent proteases, calpains. Because calpains degrade dystrophin, the silencing of calpain expression in dystrophic muscle cells may improve transgene expression of dystrophin. In this study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to silence calpain expression in muscle cells. To this end, we constructed plasmid DNA expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting one of three isoforms of calpain, under the control of U6 promoter (psiCalp). Cationic liposome-mediated transfection of psiCalp targeting |[mu]|- calpain, m-calpain or p94 (calpain 3) resulted in significant reduction in the corresponding mRNA level in C2C12 myoblasts. The reduction in the mRNA level was associated with the reduced calpain activity in the cells. Total calpain activity in the gastrocnemius muscle of mdx mice (3- to 8-weeks-old) was found to be significantly greater than that of control (C57BL/10) mice. Intramuscular injection of 10|[sim]|100 |[mu]|g psiCalp into mdx muscle reduced the calpain activity. Then, plasmid DNA encoding a human micro-dystrophin cDNA (CS1, 4.9 kb), pCAG-CS1, was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of 3-weeks-old mdx mice. Intramuscular injection of naked pCAG-CS1 resulted in significant, but low expression of the microdystrophin. On the other hand, co-injection of psiCalp greatly increased the expression of the micro-dystrophin, which was confirmed by immunostaining and immunoblot analysis. These results indicate that RNAi-mediated silencing of calpain expression is effective in increasing transgene expression of micro-dystrophin in mdx muscle. Although the silencing might be transient, the restoration of (micro-)dystrophin expression could inhibit aberrant activation of calpains in muscle cells.
Mutational spectrum of myeloid malignancies with inv(3)/t(3;3) reveals a predominant involvement of RAS/RTK signaling pathways
Authors: Stefan Gröschel, Mathijs A. Sanders, Remco Hoogenboezem, Annelieke Zeilemaker, Marije Havermans, Claudia Erpelinck, Eric M. J. Bindels, H. Berna Beverloo, Hartmut Döhner, Bob Löwenberg, Konstanze Döhner, Ruud Delwel, Peter J. M. Valk
Journal: Blood (2014)
A Neuron-Specific Host MicroRNA Targets Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ICP0 Expression and Promotes Latency
Authors: Dongli Pan, Omar Flores, Jennifer L. Umbach, Jean M. Pesola, Peris Bentley, Pamela C. Rosato, David A. Leib, Bryan R. Cullen, Donald M. Coen
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2014)
Hippocampus and Amygdala Volumes in Parents of Children With Autistic Disorder
Authors: Donald C. Rojas, J. Allegra Smith, Tara L. Benkers, Suzanne L. Camou, Martin L. Reite, Sally J. Rogers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

Structural and functional abnormalities in the medial temporal lobe, particularly the hippocampus and amygdala, have been described in people with autism. The authors hypothesized that parents of children with a diagnosis of autistic disorder would show similar changes in these structures.Magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in 17 biological parents of children with a diagnosis of DSM-IV autistic disorder. The scans were compared with scans from 15 adults with autistic disorder and 17 age-matched comparison subjects with no personal or familial history of autism. The volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, and total brain were measured in all participants.The volume of the left hippocampus was larger in both the parents of children with autistic disorder and the adults with autistic disorder, relative to the comparison subjects. The hippocampus was significantly larger in the adults with autistic disorder than in the parents of children with autistic disorder. The left amygdala was smaller in the adults with autistic disorder, relative to the other two groups. No differences in total brain volume were observed between the three groups.The finding of larger hippocampal volume in autism is suggestive of abnormal early neurodevelopmental processes but is partly consistent with only one prior study and contradicts the findings of several others. The finding of larger hippocampal volume for the parental group suggests a potential genetic basis for hippocampal abnormalities in autism.
Argon Plasma Coagulation for Treatment of Watermelon Stomach
Authors: I. Yusoff, F. Brennan, D. Ormonde, B. Laurence
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Watermelon stomach or gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare but well-recognized cause of gastrointestinal blood loss, which typically affects elderly women. Historically patients were treated with antrectomy but this has been largely replaced by endoscopic therapy such as Nd:YAG laser. Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is a new noncontact electocoagulation technique which has several theoretical advantages over laser. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of APC in treating GAVE.We retrospectively reviewed the case-records of five patients (four women, one man) with iron deficiency anaemia or gastrointestinal blood loss due to GAVE who were treated with APC and for whom a follow-up of more than 12 months was available. Four patients were transfusion-dependent. Their mean age was 71 years (range 58 - 83). The mode of presentation, number of treatment sessions, response to therapy and recurrence (if any) were recorded.A mean of 2.6 treatment sessions per patient were required. All patients had an endoscopically observed response to therapy and all patients had a sustained rise in hemoglobin level after treatment. Transfusion dependence ceased in all patients. After a mean follow-up of 20 months GAVE recurred in two patients (40 %). Both patients responded to further APC treatment. No major complications were recorded.APC is a safe and effective short-term treatment for GAVE. The natural history of the condition is uncertain, and at medium-term follow-up GAVE is found to recur in a substantial number of patients treated with APC. Re-treatment with APC is an option in these patients.
Hepatic preconditioning in rats is defined by a balance of adenosine and xanthine
Authors: Carmen Peralta, Daniel Closa, Carme Xaus, Emilio Gelpí, Joan Roselló-catafau, Georgina Hotter
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The present work investigates the relationship between adenosine, nitric oxide (NO), and free radicals during ischemic preconditioning in rat liver. For this purpose, we evaluated: 1) the efficacy of different periods of preconditioning; 2) the changes in the concentration of adenine nucleotides during preconditioning; 3) the importance of adenosine and xanthine concentrations in the induction of preconditioning; and 4) the possible effect of xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide anion on NO during preconditioning. Results show that just a 10- to 15-minute period of ischemia followed by 10-minute reperfusion prevents the ischemic damage that would be induced by a subsequent 90 minutes of ischemia followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. Administration of xanthine or metabolization of endogenous adenosine abolishes the protective effect of preconditioning. When rats have been subjected to a period of preconditioning not within the effective time window (10-15 minutes), and thus offering no protection, the administration of a NO donor was found to restore the protection. The dose needed to restore protection appears to be proportional to the endogenous xanthine concentration. In addition, when xanthine oxidase was inhibited, preconditioning effectively offered protection in front of ischemia and reperfusion, independently of the xanthine concentration. Altogether, this indicates that the time window of ischemia capable to induce preconditioning in liver is defined by the relative tissue concentrations of adenosine and xanthine. The lower limit of this window (10 minutes) is defined by the amount of adenosine able to induce NO generation. Its upper limit (15 minutes) is defined by the concentration of xanthine able to remove the generated NO.
Effect of Metoprolol Versus Carvedilol on Outcomes in MADIT-CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)
Authors: Martin H. Ruwald, Anne-Christine H. Ruwald, Christian Jons, Jeffrey Alexis, Scott McNitt, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J. Moss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Allergic Disorders and Immediate Skin Test Reactivity in Finnish Adolescents
Authors: Tari Haahtela, Maija Heiskala, Ilpo Suoniemi
Journal: Allergy (1980)

We studied the prevalence of allergic disorders in an unselected group of 708 adolescents aged 15–17 years. All subjects were physically examined and interviewed by the authors. The prevalence of past or present asthma was 5.7% in boys and 3.1% in girls. The figures for hay fever were H% and 8%, and for atopic dermatitis (including allergic urticaria) 25% and 30%, respectively. In 24% of all symptomatic subjects, the condition had not been active during the year preceding the study. The sex difference in the prevalence of hay fever was significant. It is associated with higher immediate skin test reactivity in boys. A progressive increase in the frequency of allergic disorders was observed with increasing number of positive skin reactions in both boys and girls. Respiratory allergy was closely related to a positive skin test: 87% of the asthmatics and 83% of all those with allergic rhinitis exhibited at least one positive skin reaction. For atopic dermatitis the association was less pronounced. Nineteen per cent of the population studied had a positive symptom history and a positive skin test to pollens, animal epithelia or dusts indicating a clinically significant relationship. However, 39% of the 346 subjects with a positive skin test, including some with a large number of positive reactions, were completely asymptomatic.
UK government prepares way for creation of hybrid embryos for research
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A meta-analysis of 42 trials of the type 2 diabetes drug rosiglitazone (Avandia) has shown a significantly raised risk of myocardial infarction and an increase in cardiovascular deaths that did not quite reach statistical significance (New England Journal of Medicine 2007 May 21 doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa072761).The analysis by Steven Nissen and Kathy Wolski, of the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, included 15 560 patients randomly assigned to regimens that included rosiglitazone, and 12 283 patients assigned to regimens that did not.The mean age of patients was 56 years, and the mean baseline glycated haemoglobin concentration was about 8.2%.Patients receiving rosiglitazone had an odds ratio for myocardial infarction of 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.98, P=0.03).The odds ratio for death from cardiovascular causes was 1.64 (0.98 to 2.74, P=0.06).An editorial (doi: 10.1056/NEJMe078099) criticised the Food and Drug Administration for approving the drug on the basis of only its efficacy in glycaemic control in short term studies and also for a poor system for reporting adverse events after marketing.Bruce Psaty of the University of Washington in Seattle and Curt Furberg of Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, also say that the Food and Drug Administration Revitalization Act, now moving through Congress, should be strengthened so that the FDA can follow a drug through its life cycle, with new emphasis on postmarketing.The FDA posted a safety alert on its website, cautioning patients taking the drug who have heart disease or are at high risk of a heart attack to talk to their doctors (www.fda.gov).GlaxoSmithKline said it "strongly disagrees" with the findings (www.gsk.com). Study links diabetes drug to heart deathsUK
Adverse Effects of ACE Inhibitors
Authors: Thomas B. Edwards
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 February 1993Adverse Effects of ACE InhibitorsThomas B. Edwards, MDThomas B. Edwards, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-4-199302150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Your readers may be misled by the statement, “The onset usually occurs within hours or, at most, 1 week after starting therapy,” in Israili and Hall's excellent review [1] of the adverse effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The authors correctly cite a case report of angioedema developing after long-term ACE inhibitor use [2] but fail to point out that at least 11 additional patients with often life-threatening angioedema occurring after 10 days to 1 year of ACE inhibitor therapy have also been reported [3, 4].In the past month, I have evaluated two similar patients. One, ...References1. Israili ZH, Hall WD. Cough and angioneurotic edema associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:234-42. Google Scholar2. Chin HL, Buchan DA. Severe angioedema after long-term use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (Letter). Ann Intern Med. 1990; 112:312-3. Google Scholar3. Barna JS, Frable MS. Life-threatening angioedema. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990; 103:795-8. Google Scholar4. Gannon TH, Eby TL. Angioedema from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a cause of upper airway obstruction. Laryngoscope. 1990; 100:1156-60. Google Scholar5. Orfan N, Patterson R, Dykewicz MS. Severe angioedema related to ACE inhibitors in patients with a history of idiopathic angioedema. JAMA. 1990; 264:1287-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas B. Edwards, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEnalapril/lisinopril 15 February 1993Volume 118, Issue 4Page: 314-315KeywordsACE inhibitor therapyACE inhibitorsAngiotensin converting enzymeDyspneaHypertension ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intraprostatic Steroidogenic Enzymes – Response
Authors: Johannes Hofland, Wytske M. van Weerden, Guido Jenster, Fritz H. Schröder, Frank H. de Jong
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

We agree with the letter by Mostaghel et al. and their previous publications about the contribution of intratumoral androgens in the evolution of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The efficacy of new compounds targeting steroidogenesis has been shown in recent phase II clinical trials in
Abstract 4447: Generation of a conditional S194A mutant RalA allele in mice
Authors: Matthew S. Crowe, Christopher M. Counter
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The Ras family of small-GTPases represent the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer. Oncogenic Ras activates RalGEFs, which converts the Ras like small GTPases RalA and RalB to their active GTP-bound state to promote tumorigenesis. Despite being highly related, RalA generally tends to be more important in tumor growth while RalB has been implicated in metastasis. In regard to a mechanism underlying these functional differences, we note that RalA, but not RalB, is phosphorylated by the mitotic kinase AuroraA at Serine 194, and this phosphorylation is necessary for Ras-driven tumorigenesis. This phosphorylation has been found to result in an accumulation of RalA in mitochondrial fractions and an increase in mitochondrial fission and segregation during cytokinesis. Despite these encouraging observations, the role of this seemingly critical phosphorylation event in an actual in vivo setting was completely unknown. Thus, to determine the physiological consequence of this phosphorylation in vivo, we generated a mouse with a Cre-inducible S194A conditional Rala allele. We now report that these mice express wild-type RalA in the absence of Cre, but upon Cre-mediated recombination, convert wild-type exon 5 of Rala to one encoding the S194A mutant version. We propose to next investigate the consequences of blocking this critical posttranslational modification on normal development and on oncogenic Kras-driven tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Matthew S. Crowe, Christopher M. Counter. Generation of a conditional S194A mutant RalA allele in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4447. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4447
Sequence analysis of 515 kinase genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: X Zhang, M Reis, R Khoriaty, Y Li, P Ouillette, J Samayoa, H Carter, R Karchin, M Li, L A Diaz, V E Velculescu, N Papadopoulos, K W Kinzler, B Vogelstein, S N Malek
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Drug Product Problem Reports
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MGH Guide to Psychiatry in Primary Care
Authors: Virginia Gennis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 March 1999MGH Guide to Psychiatry in Primary CareVirginia Gennis, MD, MPHVirginia Gennis, MD, MPHMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (Gennis)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Stern TA, Herman JB, Slavin PL; eds. 696 pages. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1998. $45.00. ISBN 0070614989. Order phone 800-262-4729.Field of medicine: Psychiatry and primary care.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Primary care providers.Purpose: To provide a guide for diagnosis and treatment of common emotional and behavioral problems in primary care.Content: The 78 chapters in this book give a broad overview of psychiatric issues in primary care. The initial chapters discuss depression, anxiety, and stress. Subsequent chapters address such topics as special populations (for example, the “VIP” patient and homeless persons), specific comorbid medical conditions (for example, seizures and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (Gennis) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 6Page: 540KeywordsAlgorithmsAnxietyComputer softwareEmotionsEpileptic seizuresInfertilityMedical conditionsPopulation statisticsPrimary care physiciansTreatment guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 March 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...