tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chromosome 4q DNA rearrangements associated with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Cisca Wijmenga, Jane E. Hewitt, Lodewijk A. Sandkuijl, Lorraine N. Clark, Tracy J. Wright, Hans G. Dauwerse, Anne-Marie Gruter, Marten H. Hofker, Petra Moerer, Robert Williamson, Gert-Jan B. van Ommen, George W. Padberg, Rune R. Frants
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
Necrobiosis Lipodica Is a Clinical Feature of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young
Authors: Amanda Stride, Paul Lambert, A.C. Felix Burden, Peter Mansell, Simon Page, Andrew T. Hattersley
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Necrobiosis lipodica (NL) is a recognized feature of diabetes affecting 0.3–1.2% of patients (1,2). It presents with elevated, erythematous lesions (usually on the shins), which typically become atrophic in the center over time. It is most commonly seen in patients with type 1 diabetes, but 7–30% of diabetic patients with NL have type 2 diabetes (1–3). This gives a prevalence of NL of 6.5% in patients with type 1 diabetes and 0.4% in patients with type 2 diabetes. Numerous underlying mechanisms have been proposed, including vascular dysfunction, autoimmunity, and genetic factors (4).

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a subtype of non-insulin-dependent diabetes characterized by a young age of onset (usually before 25 years), autosomal dominant inheritance, …
Accounting for the Gregg effect in tetanised coronary arterial pressure-flow relationships
Authors: J. Z Livingston, H. R Halperin, F. C P Yin
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: Myocardial contraction shifts the diastolic coronary pressure-flow relationship to lower flows at any given pressure, the amount of shift being determined primarily by the contractile level. A portion of this shift may be attributable to the Gregg effect. The purpose of this study was to quantify the influence of the Gregg effect and thereby demonstrate the pure effect of activation at a constant contractile level on the pressure-flow relationships. Methods: It was first shown in beating canine interventricular septa that transverse stiffness induced by small high frequency indentations transverse to the plane of the tissue was an index of contractility. At constant perfusion pressure and preload, there was an inverse relationship between peak transverse stiffness and contractile level (induced by graded doses of 2,3-butanedione monoxime) for both isotonic and auxotonic contractions. A Gregg effect was next verified by showing a linear dependence between transverse stiffness and perfusion pressure during ryanodine induced tetanizations. Finally, the relationship between changes in flow and transverse stiffness was determined from diastole to tetany at two contractile levels. These relationships suffice to quantify the Gregg effect. Results: Correcting for the Gregg effect from the transverse stiffness measurements obtained concomitantly with previously reported pressure-flow data in six specimens showed the following: using a linear fit to the pressure-flow data, the mean slope of the diastolic pressure-flow relationships decreased from 0.88 to 0.81 and 0.74 ml·min−1·mm Hg−1 during tetanisation at normal and reduced contractile levels, respectively. Correcting for the Gregg effect decreased the tetanised slopes to intermediate values of 0.85 and 0.79 ml·min−1·mm Hg−1, respectively. Conclusions: A small but clearly discernible portion of the shift in tetanised pressure-flow relationships is attributable to the Gregg effect. Similar conclusions pertained when quadratic regressions were fitted to the pressure-flow data. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:228-234
Abstract 1063: BRAFV600E status predicts higher uPA levels in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: E. Ashlie Darr, Theodore S. Nowicki, Nicolas Kummer, Melanie MacEwan, Julie Dunbar, Nina Suslina, Codrin Iacob, Edward Shin, Stimson Schantz, Raj Tiwari, Jan Geliebter
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Of the 44,670 new cases of thyroid cancer predicted for this year in the US by the American Cancer Society, 80% will be papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). PTC typically arises from a gain-of-function mutation in the RET, RAS, or BRAF genes which make up a linear signaling cascade for ERK activation in over 90% of PTC cases. PTCs possessing the BRAFV600E mutation have been associated with greater local invasion and regional metastatic potential. Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) has been shown to be an important mediator of invasion and metastasis in several cancers. To determine the extent to which BRAFV600E mutation status predicts up-regulation of the uPA in PTC, a study using patient thyroid tissue samples obtained over a 6-year period at a single tertiary care center was undertaken. DNA and RNA were obtained from patient PTC and matched, normal thyroid tissue samples using the Trizol method. BRAFV600E mutational status of the DNA was determined using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, while RNA was analyzed for differences in uPA transcription levels (relative to matched, normal thyroid tissue) by qRT-PCR. Fifty-four percent of the PTC samples possessed the BRAFV600E mutation. PTC samples bearing the BRAFV600E mutation displayed significantly higher uPA RNA levels (relative to matched control tissue) than those samples with wild-type BRAF (5.883 vs. 1.27-fold, p&amp;lt;0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Additionally, uPA RNA levels were significantly higher in patients with nodal metastasis (p&amp;lt;0.05). These data provide new evidence of the roles of BRAFV600E and uPA in PTC invasive pathology and demonstrate for the first time that BRAFV600E status is able to predict higher uPA levels in PTC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1063. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1063
Psychiatric Consultation Service Supplied by the State Department of Health
Authors: JAMES L. MCCARTNEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 February 1931Psychiatric Consultation Service Supplied by the State Department of HealthJAMES L. MCCARTNEY, M. D.JAMES L. MCCARTNEY, M. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-8-1014 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAt present thirty-eight states in the Union have some form of Mental Hygiene and Psychiatric Consultation Service. In these states there are eight hundred and fifty mental hygiene clinics,1 dealing with neuro-psychiatric problems of the adult and child. Most of these organizations are privately endowed, there being only ten states which furnish these facilities through the State Department. Only one of these ten states definitely ties up psychiatry with the general health problem, this state being Connecticut, which has mental hygiene as an intrinsic part of the State health program.Preventive medicine has become an established fact. It is now...1 List of Psychiatric Clinics in the United States: Children's Bureau-Publication No. 191, United States Printing Office, Washington, 1929. Google Scholar2 Emerson H: The Magnitude of Nervous and Mental Diseases in a Public Health Problem, Proceedings of the First International Congress on Mental Hygiene, May 6, 1930. Google Scholar3 Emery EV: The Child Guidance Clinic, Pamphlet of the National Commitee for Mental Hygiene, 1926. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Mental Hygiene Connecticut State Department of Health Hartford, Conn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1931Volume 4, Issue 8Page: 1014-1019KeywordsPreventive medicinePsychiatry and mental health Issue Published: 1 February 1931 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A new type of hazardous chemical: the chemosensitizers of multixenobiotic resistance.
Authors: B Kurelec
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The purpose of this overview is to introduce the property of a new class of hazardous chemicals-the inhibitors of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) in aquatic organisms, referred to as chemosensitizers. Aquatic organisms possess MXR, a mechanism similar to the well-known P-glycoprotein extrusion pump in multidrug resistant (MDR) tumor cells. MXR in aquatic organism moves from cells and organisms both endogenous chemicals and xenobiotics, including also some man-made chemicals. MXR in aquatic organisms represents a general biological first-line defense mechanism for protection against environmental toxins. Many chemical agents, the chemosensitizers, may after the function of this fragile mechanism. It is this new, MXR-inhibiting property, unrecognized as yet, that classifies these chemicals among top-rank hazardous water pollutants. The knowledge that the presence of one xenobiotic may block the pumping out of other xenobiotic(s), and hence accelerate their accumulation, may have important implications on environmental parameters like exposure, uptake, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. In this overview we present the evidence for the expression of MXR-phenotype in aquatic organisms, the demonstration of toxic consequences caused by MXR inhibitors, and the description of methods for measurement of concentration of MXR inhibitors in environmental samples.
Chromosome studies in mycosis fungoides
Authors: W. A. VAN VLOTEN, E. A. PET, J. P. M. GERAEDTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

SUMMARY G-banded chromosome analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes after phytohaemagglutinin stimulation from sixteen patients with mycosis fungoides. A number of chromosome abnormalities were observed in a low proportion of blood lymphocytes in seven patients in later stages of the disease. In four patients similar marker chromosomes in multiple copies were present, some of them without a clearly visible centromere. We conclude that a correlation exists between the presence of chromosome abnormalities in circulating blood lymphocytes and the course of the disease.
Nonovarian Pelvic Cancers in <i>BRCA1/2</i> Mutation Carriers and the BRCAPRO Statistical Model
Authors: Carol Cremin, Nora Wong, Karen Buzaglo, Ann-Josée Paradis, William Foulkes, D.A. Berry, G. Parmigiani, W. Rubinstein, P. Watson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.02.130 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12228218 Nonovarian Pelvic Cancers in BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers and the BRCAPRO Statistical Model Carol CreminxCarol CreminSearch for articles by this author , Nora WongxNora WongSearch for articles by this author , Karen BuzagloxKaren BuzagloSearch for articles by this author , Ann-Josée ParadisxAnn-Josée ParadisSearch for articles by this author , William FoulkesxWilliam FoulkesSearch for articles by this author D.A. BerryxD.A. BerrySearch for articles by this author , G. ParmigianixG. ParmigianiSearch for articles by this author , W. RubinsteinxW. RubinsteinSearch for articles by this author , P. WatsonxP. WatsonSearch for articles by this author Show More Sir M.B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.02.130 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical OncologyjcoJ Clin OncolJournal of Clinical OncologyJCO0732-183X1527-7755American Society of Clinical OncologyResponse15092002In Reply:Cremin et al make an important point. BRCAPRO does not incorporate whether each family member has been diagnosed with fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer. The same is true for other cancers that may have different penetrance in mutation carriers than in noncarriers. BRCAPRO could be modified to incorporate family history information about these two cancers, but such a modification requires quantitative information about penetrance. This quantification does not exist. Until it becomes available and BRCAPRO can be modified, some users incorporate fallopian tube and peritoneal cancers as though they were ovarian cancers. This is at best an approximation, but it probably gives a more accurate assessment of risk than does ignoring them.
Data from one GP to inform the debate whether patients should be able to email their general practitioner
Authors: A. Majeed
Journal: BMJ (2014)

To aid the debate on whether patients should be able to email their general practitioner,1 I analysed my email contacts with my patients from September 2013 to August 2014. Seventy of my 84 email contacts with patients were from me to my patients and 14 were from them to me.

Most (43) of the 70 emails I sent to patients contained links to further …
Antibiotic prophylaxis after CSF leaks lacks evidence base
Authors: J. R Greig
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Santarius et al in their Minerva article perpetuate the unconfirmed and potentially harmful myth that leaks of cerebrospinal fluid should be treated with antibiotic prophylaxis.1 This lacks an evidence base, and there argge sound practical reasons why this practice will not be effective.

This issue was …
New Application of Ophthalmic Ointments
Authors: Thomas Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Some physicians and patients are reluctant to use ophthalmic ointment as a drug delivery system. Physicians in the past have refrained from using ointments because of a fear of altering corneal wound healing. It is now known that modern ophthalmic ointments do not interfere with ocular healing (226:1568, 1973); however, patients find that ophthalmic ointments containing drugs are irritating and produce tearing. Also, since ointments are sometimes difficult to administer in the conjunctival sac, the misplaced ointment may run down from the eyelids and blur vision temporarily. Our studies show that at least 0.1 ml of ointment is placed in the conjunctival sac by the physician or patient. However, the conjunctival sac can hold a maximum of only 0.05 ml of ointment; excess material is squeezed onto the lids and lashes. This excess ointment continues to flow into the conjunctival sac and thus serves as a reservoir
Sources of the Growth in Medicare Physician Expenditures
Authors: Robert Berenson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

EXPENDITURES for physician services under Part B of Medicare have been rising at rates far exceeding inflation. In the 4-year period from 1985 through 1988, Medicare-allowed charges increased from $19 billion to $27 billion, an annual growth rate of 12.3%. The factors contributing to the high rate of expenditure growth include increases in the number and average age of enrollees, increases in physician fees, and increases in the number and intensity of services. During the 1980s, enrollment growth and other demographic changes consistently accounted for about 2% of annual Part B growth.<sup>1</sup>From 1980 through 1984, increases in physician fees averaged about 9% per year, while the growth in volume per enrollee was about 7% per year.<sup>2</sup>Congress imposed a fee freeze from July 1984 through April 1986 for all physicians and extended the freeze until January 1987 for nonparticipating physicians. During the period of this policy of
Urticaria with Pigmentation as a Sequel to Scabies
Authors: G. A. Hodgson
Journal: BMJ (1942)

also traces of phosphorus were detected on this portion ny chemical tests.The radiographic evidence of minute portions of metal in the thigh and the ragged large entrance wound suggest that the bullet exploded in the tissues of the thigh, probably on striking the iliac bone,.thus releasing and scattering the concentrated phosphorus.
Evaluation of Intra-articular Colloidal Gold Au 198 in the Treatment of Persistent Knee Effusions
Authors: B. M. Ansell, A. Crook, J. R. Mallard, E. G. L. Bywaters
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1963)

Inhibitory molecules associated with CNS myelin, such as myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), represent major obstacles to axonal regeneration following CNS injury. Our laboratory has shown that elevating levels of intracellular cAMP, via application of the nonhydrolyzable analog dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), can block the inhibitory effects of MAG and myelin. We have also shown that elevation of cAMP results in upregulation of arginase I and increased polyamine synthesis. Treatment with putrescine or spermidine blocks myelin-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth, but the mechanism underlying this effect has not yet been elucidated. Here we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is required for dbcAMP and putrescine to overcome MAG-mediated inhibition. The ability of dbcAMP and putrescine to overcome inhibition by MAG is abolished in the presence of roscovitine, a Cdk inhibitor that has greater selectivity for Cdk5, and expression of dominant negative Cdk5 abolishes the ability of dbcAMP or putrescine to enhance neurite outgrowth in the presence of MAG. Importantly, dbcAMP and putrescine increase expression of p35, the neuron-specific activator of Cdk5, and rat DRG neurons transduced with HSV overexpressing p35 can overcome inhibition by MAG. The upregulation of p35 by putrescine is also reflected in increased localization of p35 to neurites and growth cones. Last, we show that putrescine upregulates p35 expression by serving as a substrate for hypusine modification of eIF5A, and that this hypusination is necessary for putrescine9s ability to overcome inhibition by MAG. Our findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism by which polyamines may encourage regeneration after CNS injury. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> This study describes a novel mechanism for the activation of Cdk5 in neurons and a new role for Cdk5 in promoting axonal growth in the presence of myelin-associated inhibitors. We show that administration of the polyamine putrescine leads to hypusination of the translation initiation factor eIF5A, increased translation of p35, and activation of Cdk5 in cultured cerebellar neurons, and that each of these events is required for putrescine9s ability to overcome inhibition by myelin-associated glycoprotein. These findings have implications for the development of new treatments for spinal cord and traumatic brain injury and provide new insight into the functions of eIF5A and Cdk5 in the nervous system.
South Africa introduces world's largest AIDS treatment plan
Authors: P. Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The South African government has reversed its previous refusals to use antiretroviral drugs to treat AIDS and will introduce what is likely to be the world's largest comprehensive AIDS treatment plan.

While President Thabo Mbeki was out of the country a long awaited cabinet meeting on 19 November agreed to a plan to introduce the treatment throughout the public health system. President Mbeki is credited with being the main obstacle to having appropriate treatment offered to South …
Mobile phones do not pose health risk, German survey shows
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Mobile phones, cordless phones, and cordless base stations next to beds are safe, pose no risk of cancer to adult users, and do not cause headaches or sleeping problems. These are the findings of a decade long German programme of studies.

In some cases genetic activity in human cells was found to change under the influence of radiation from mobile and cordless phones, but this did not alter the programme’s overall conclusion that the phones were …
Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A multicenter study
Authors: M. Sarioglu, U. Akarca, A. Sonsuz, D. Duman, E. Tankut, H. Degertekin, I. Suleymanlar, C. Turkay, A. Tezel, T. aricam, A. Bektas, H. Akkiz, H. Bozkaya, T. Sahin, Y. Batur, N. Tozun, C. Yurdaydin, O. Uzunalimoglu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Measuring NHS performance 1990–2009 using amenable mortality: interpret with care
Authors: Monica Desai, Ellen Nolte, Marina Karanikolos, Bernadette Khoshaba, Martin McKee
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2011)

Objectives The new performance framework for the NHS in England will assess how well health services are preventing people from dying prematurely, based on the concept of mortality amenable to healthcare. We ask how the different parts of the UK would be assessed had this measure been in use over the past two decades, a period that began with somewhat lower levels of health expenditure in England and Wales than in Scotland and Northern Ireland but which, after 1999, saw the gap closing. Design We assessed the change in age-standardized death rates in England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland in two time periods: 1990–1999 and 1999–2009. Mortality data by five-year age group, sex and cause of death for the years 1990 to 2009 were analysed using age-standardized death rates from causes considered amenable to healthcare. The absolute change was assessed by fitting linear regression and the relative change was estimated as the average annual percent decline for the two periods. Setting United Kingdom. Participants Not applicable. Main outcome measures Mortality from causes amenable to healthcare. Results Between 1990 and 1999 deaths amenable to medical care had been falling more slowly in England and Wales than in Scotland and Northern Ireland. However the rate of decline in England and Wales increased after 1999 when funding of the NHS there increased. Examination of individual causes of death reveals a complex picture, with some improvements, such as in breast cancer deaths, occurring simultaneously across the UK, reflecting changes in diagnosis and treatment that took place in each nation at the same time, while others varied. Conclusions Amenable mortality is a useful indicator of health system performance but there are many methodological issues that must be taken into account when interpreting it once it is adopted for routine use in England.
Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma With a Mixed CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> Phenotype and Indolent Course
Authors: Achiléa L. Bittencourt, Helenemarie S. Barbosa, Cristiane Requião, Aline Clara da Silva, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Johan Van Weyenbergh, Lourdes Farré
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)