tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pressure Bandaging of the Lower Extremity
Authors: Elias A. Husni
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Venous hemodynamic studies and phlebograms of the lower limb were undertaken in 35 patients and 16 controls when clinical conditions were identified with the use of pressure bandaging. It was demonstrated that pressure dressings around the knee caused severe compression of the popliteal veins and remarkable elevation of the peripheral venous pressure in the horizontal as well as the ambulatory limb. An air splint inflated to a pressure of 15 to 20 mm Hg offered excellent compression without compromising the deep circulation. The study strongly suggests that: (1) Pressure bandaging of the knee joint retards venous circulation and may contribute to thromboembolism. It should be abandoned in favor of the "G" splint. (2) For prophylaxis against thromboembolism, elastic bandages should stop below the knee joint.
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Philipp T. Meyer, Rene Gobbelé, Alexander Ludolph, Wolfgang M. Schaefer, Till-Dino Waberski, Michael Schiel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurocognitive disorder can manifest with a variety of neurologic, cognitive, and behavioral impairments. We report a case of a 49-year-old non-HIV risk woman with an occult HIV infection who posed a diagnostic challenge as she suffered from a HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder with predominant motor symptoms mimicking upper motor neuron disease. Functional imaging using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography provided evidence of involvement of several cerebral regions which exhibited a distinct pattern of relative cerebral hypermetabolism (subcortical, brainstem, and cerebellar regions) and hypometabolism (sensorimotor cortex, mesiofrontal, and mesiotemporal areas) and functionally corresponded to the clinical symptoms. The results of the positron emission tomography scan are discussed in comparison with the current positron emission tomography literature and future perspectives are illustrated.
Group Backs Emergency Contraception
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2006)

businesses, and governments together to create their own plans. Benjamin said such efforts are already under way in many communities, spurred on by the September 11, 2001, terror attacks and subsequent concern of bioterrorism. But Eric Weinstein, MD, past chair of the section of disaster medicine at the American College of Emergency Physicians, is not as optimistic about local pandemic flu planning. “What the college believes is that if you’re prepared for any hazard, such as a hurricane, then you can do the same for a pandemic,” said Weinstein, who is also attending emergency physician at Colleton Medical Center in Walterboro, SC. “The problem is the only communities really ready for a pandemic are those that have already gone through an emergency such as a hurricane, tornado, or earthquake.” Weinstein also wants to see more active planning at the local level. “The missing piece for me is the coordination of the health care system with the local emergency planning committees,” he said. “We need public health agencies, hospitals, physicians, the big employers meeting once a month to talk about how they will deal with disasters across the board.” Many details remain to be worked out. For example, who gets the 20 million doses of prepandemic vaccine? Is it the vulnerable general population such as infants, older people, and those with suppressed immune systems? Or is it those who manufacture the vaccine, the health care workers who will treat patients during a pandemic, and the government and business leaders who keep the nation running? Other issues to be resolved on a local level are where to put patients when hospital beds are full, where to hold inoculation clinics, and how and where to deploy health care workers. Libbey said much planning remains for both the pandemic and postpandemic periods. “We’ve built a health care system and financial model predicated on very thin margins; carrying excess capacity is not built into our system,” Libbey said. “So the notion that we can turn our existing medical system on a dime and ramp up to handle surge capacity—that’s a premise that needs to be challenged.”
Effects of long-term therapy with oral ibopamine on resting hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with heart failure: relationship to the generation of N-methyldopamine and to plasma norepinephrine levels.
Authors: S I Rajfer, J D Rossen, F L Douglas, L I Goldberg, T Karrison
Journal: Circulation (1986)

N-Methyldopamine (epinine), one of the few modifications of the dopamine (DA) molecule that retains agonist activity at the DA1 receptor, was administered orally as the diisobutyric ester, ibopamine (100, 200, and 300 mg), to 15 patients with congestive heart failure. An increase in cardiac index and decline in systemic vascular resistance was observed with each dose, and these hemodynamic effects persisted for 3 to 6 hr. Small transient increments in right atrial and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures occurred 0.5 hr after ingestion of 200 and 300 mg of ibopamine, but these pressures returned to baseline or lower levels within 30 min. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were unchanged. Plasma concentrations of epinine peaked 0.5 hr after administration of drug and then declined to minimal levels at 3 hr. Ten patients enrolled in a trial to evaluate the efficacy of long-term therapy with ibopamine; after 8 weeks of treatment, the initial hemodynamic responses to the drug were attenuated and no significant improvement in oxygen uptake at peak exercise was observed. A decline in plasma norepinephrine concentrations, which could be attributed to activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors and/or DA2 receptors on sympathetic nerves, was observed after initial administration of ibopamine and persisted after long-term drug ingestion; no long-term hemodynamic benefit could be ascribed to the reduction in sympathetic activity.
Public involvement in health care
Authors: Andrew Craig
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Editor—Section 11 of the Health and Social Care Act 2001 concerns “persons to whom... services are being or may be provided.” This means that more people than current patients have to be involved “directly or through representatives” about plans and services. Florin and Dixon's philosophising about the desirability of public involvement is therefore curious.1​1




Figure 1




User involvement in health and social care should lead to shared power and genuine partnerships, with no short cuts or quick fixes.2 Investment in community development is needed for sustainable engagement, so that every voice can count, not just that of patients.3

Many users reject the role of a patient as inherently powerless. My experience in Wandsworth is that user participation groups in primary care practices can foster trust, responsibility, and partnership between users, practitioners, and managers. Such small scale benefits are important. Supporting practice based participation can open new channels for compliance with section 11 requirements and create lasting structures of user involvement, reaching out into the community from general practices. Investment as well as good intentions will be needed to achieve that.
Sudden Obesity and Psychological Trauma
Authors: H. J. Shorvon, J. S. Richardson
Journal: BMJ (1949)

SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITISMEDuIALJSHUNL 951 been collected by six of the centres (Table IV).Three facts have been established: (a) with the comparatively small doses of penicillin used only 6 of 26 previously untreated patients were cured ; (b) the fever returned or was not con- trolled in 11 of the 26 previously untreated cases ; (c) in-the 13 who died with uncontrolled fever, organisms were seen post mortem in the vegetations of 6.It is not known whether larger doses will produce better results, but it is TABLE IV.-Bacteriologically Negative Cases 10 Dosage H , r 2,000,000 units for 1 month No Ior more ... ... 2 2 -_ previous I500,000 units for 1 month treatment.~(approx.).... ... 15 5 6 3 1 with 1250,000 units for 1 mlonth penicillin I(approx.)... ... 7.2 1 4 iUnclassifiable .. .. 2 11 .~~~~~~~~~.Total .. .. 26 9 8 3 6 2,000,000 units for 1 month - -Prvoul or more2 2 treavtedo 500,000 units for 1 month wthetet (approx.) . . 4 3 penicillin 250,000 units for i month peiifi (approx.) . . 2 4 Unclassifiable .. 2 1 Total-.. 6. 9 6suggested that these patients should be given 2,000,000 units a day and that the dose should be increased if the clinical response is unsatisfactory.In view of the importance of establishing the coefficient of resistance of the infecting organism it is unwise to abandon blood cultures until at least three have proved negative.An anaerobic culture should always be included.Factors Afecting Progr osis.In general the recent results confirm the conclusions regarding prognosis and causes of death discussed in the previous report.A detailed analysis of these patients will be incorporated in a review of the subject which is now being prepared. ConclusionsPatients with subacute bacterial endocarditis should be given at least 2,000,000 units of penicillin a day for a month or six weeks.When the infecting organism is highly resistant to peni- cillin, or when it cannot be isolated, it is difficult to estimate the appropriate dose.Some factors involved in making this assessment are discussed.The incidence of delayed relapse or reinfection is approximately 2% per annum.REFERENCE
The Development of Macrophages from Large Mononuclear Cells in the Blood of Patients with Inflammatory Disease
Authors: David A. Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The origin and function of the increased of "atypical lymphocytes" which appear in the blood of patients with many inflammatory diseases is not known. Leukocyte suspensions from eight patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), five patients with other rheumatic diseases, and five patients with infectious diseases were pulse-labeled with tritiated thymidine (Tdr-(3)H) and sampled after 5 and 72 hr in vitro. Radioautographs indicated that 35% of the total large, nonphagocytic mononuclear leukocytes incorporated Tdr-(3)H during the initial 5 hr of culture. Tdr-(3)H-labeled large phagocytic or glass-adherent cells were observed only infrequently. After 72 hr one-third of the original number of Tdr-(3)H-labeled cells from patients with SLE developed the morphology of macrophages and the capacity to phagocytose latex particles. Similar findings were observed in patients with other rheumatic diseases and bacterial infections. In contrast, the thymidine-labeled cells from patients with infectious hepatitis and infectious mononucleosis were poorly viable in culture and rarely became macrophages. Tdr-(3)H-labeled small lymphocytes were uncommon. The present experiments suggest that in patients with certain inflammatory diseases large, proliferating "lymphocytelike" cells are very immature monocyte precursors which appear in response to tissue injury. These DNA-synthesizing cells together with mature monocytes may serve as the circulating source of macrophages.
TREATMENT OF ACROMEGALY WITH PITUITARY BODIES.
Authors: SYDNEY KUH
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Changes of some kind have been found in the pituitary body in all cases of acromegaly, in which there could be no doubt about the diagnosis, and in which a careful macroscopic and microscopic examination of the hypophysis was made. This is conceded by almost all writers who have contributed to our knowledge of the subject. Some, however, claim that the enlargement of the hypophysis is but one of the effects of the malady, something similar to the enlargement of the spleen, for instance, which has been found so often in acromegaly. They forget that in many cases we find not a simple hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the gland, but a malignant growth which does not in any way resemble the simply hypertrophic tissues found in other parts of the body. They also forget the fact—impossible of explanation if their view were correct—that in very nearly all acute cases of
Shedding of the Soluble Receptor for TNFα, TNFR1, is Inhibited by the TACE Inhibitor TAPI2 in Conjunctival Epithelial Cells
Authors: E.B. Cook, J.L. Stahl, N.P. Barney, F.M. Graziano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Emerging Infections 8
Authors: Amesh A. Adalja
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Embolic Complications Following Repair of Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: ANTHONY HAWE, G. C. RASTELLI, ROBERT O. BRANDENBURG, DWIGHT C. MCGOON
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Postoperative embolism occurred in 35 of 546 patients traced for 2 to 15 years after surgical repair of uncomplicated ASD. A total of 58 embolic episodes occurred, resulting in the death of 11 of these 35 patients. The incidence of embolism was not significantly related to the technique used for surgical repair. Six of the nine patients who had had a preoperative embolism also had an embolism in the postoperative period. The most significant factors associated with an increased risk of postoperative embolism were increased age of the patient, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary hypertension, all of which are interrelated: seventy-seven per cent (27/35) of patients having a postoperative embolism had either atrial fibrillation or pulmonary hypertension, and 77% (27/35) of patients with postoperative embolism were more than 40 years old at the time of the first embolism. Because actuarial analysis suggests that 30% of patients more than 40 years of age who have atrial fibrillation after repair of ASD may have an embolism within 10 years postoperatively, continuation of anticoagulation therapy indefinitely in these patients is suggested. The highest risk of embolism occurs in the early postoperative period, suggesting the advisability of anticoagulation therapy for all adult patients during convalescence.
Metals in Urine and Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Ana Navas-Acien, Ellen K. Silbergeld, A. Richey Sharrett, Emma Calderon-Aranda, Elizabeth Selvin, Eliseo Guallar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Exposure to metals may promote atherosclerosis. Blood cadmium and lead were associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In the present study we evaluated the association between urinary levels of cadmium, lead, barium, cobalt, cesium, molybdenum, antimony, thallium, and tungsten with PAD in a cross-sectional analysis of 790 participants > or =40 years of age in NHANES 1999-2000. PAD was defined as a blood pressure ankle brachial index < 0.9 in at least one leg. Metals were measured in casual (spot) urine specimens by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. After multivariable adjustment, subjects with PAD had 36% higher levels of cadmium in urine and 49% higher levels of tungsten compared with noncases. The adjusted odds ratio for PAD comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of the cadmium distribution was 3.05 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97 to 9.58]; that for tungsten was 2.25 (95% CI, 0.97 to 5.24). PAD risk increased sharply at low levels of antimony and remained elevated beyond 0.1 microg/L. PAD was not associated with other metals. In conclusion, urinary cadmium, tungsten, and possibly antimony were associated with PAD in a representative sample of the U.S. population. For cadmium, these results strengthen previous findings using blood cadmium as a biomarker, and they support its role in atherosclerosis. For tungsten and antimony, these results need to be interpreted cautiously in the context of an exploratory analysis but deserve further study. Other metals in urine were not associated with PAD at the levels found in the general population.
Haemorrhagic pompholyx as a sign of bullous pemphigoid and as an indication for low-dose prednisolone therapy
Authors: J.H. Barth, G.M. Fairris, F. Wojnarowska, J.E. White
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Four patients are described who presented with haemorrhagic pompholyx as a sign of bullous pemphigoid. Three of these patients initially had lesions localized to the hands and feet. The diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was made by histopathological and immunofluorescent examination. All four patients have responded well to low-dose prednisolone (20 mg) therapy.



Localized pemphigoid has been reported simulating pompholyx in a case in which the unusual presentation delayed the diagnosis. The disease was easily controlled with dapsone and remitted after 4 months therapy (Levine et al., 1979).



These cases stress the need to consider bullous pemphigoid in the differential diagnosis of haemorrhagic pompholyx and that this physical sign suggests a good response to low-dose steroids.
Absence of relationship between tuberculin reactivity and asthmatic symptoms, level of FEV1 and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in BCG vaccinated young adults
Authors: H.F. Jentoft, E. Omenaas, G.E. Eide, A. Gulsvik
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Some recent studies have suggested that bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination or mycobacterial infection early in life is inversely related to asthma. We wondered if an increase in tuberculin reactivity was inversely related to commonly used indices of asthma in a population of young adults who were BCG vaccinated at age 14.Men and women aged 20-44 years, randomly selected from the general population, were tuberculin tested with the epinephrine-Pirquet method with Norwegian-produced synthetic medium tuberculin (n = 588). In addition they were interviewed using eight questions on asthma symptoms and medication. Lung function and bronchial responsiveness were also tested.Altogether 95% of those studied had been BCG vaccinated at age 14 (n = 558). In the 386 subjects with complete examinations, there was no relationship between a positive tuberculin reaction (> or = 4 mm) and asthma symptoms or use of asthma medication. Furthermore we did not observe any relationship between a positive tuberculin reaction and the level of forced expiratory volume (FEV1) or a positive bronchial responsiveness test, assessed as the percent of predicted of FEV1 and PD20 < 2 mg methacholine, respectively. In multiple logistic regression analyses neither respiratory symptoms, level of FEV1, nor bronchial hyperresponsiveness were related to tuberculin reactivity after adjustment for age, gender and smoking habits.In this young adult population who were BCG vaccinated at the age of 14 no significant relationship existed between tuberculin reactivity and asthmatic symptoms, level of FEV1 or bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Our data does not support the hypothesis that BCG immunization is beneficial in reducing asthmatic symptoms and disease in young adults.
Repertory Grids and Composite Grids – Methodologic Considerations
Authors: A.J. Forrest
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

It is demonstrated that when concepts elicited from the subject are analyzed in a repertory grid together with those supplied by the experimenter, then the grid no longer preserves its advantages in reflecting individual psychological organization. However, the necessary experimental modifications and checks are themselves avenues of understanding, and in particular of the interplay between the conceptual worlds of subject and observer. The repertory grid's basic asymmetry reflects psychological contrasts between elements and constructs; it follows that concepts supplied by the experimenter take their place amongst the elements.
Oral fingolimod was more effective than intramuscular interferon for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: James Hughes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club18 May 2010Oral fingolimod was more effective than intramuscular interferon for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosisJames Hughes, MDJames Hughes, MDTamworth Rural Referral Hospital, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia (J.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-10-201005180-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCohen JA, Barkhof F, Comi G, et al. Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:402-15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20089954Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Neurology: References1 Biogen Idec Australia. Tysabri (natalizumab) safety update, 17 Mar 2010. Google Scholar2 Thompson JP, Noyes K, Dorsey ER, Schwid SR, Holloway RG. Quantitative risk–benefit analysis of natalizumab. Neurology. 2008;71:357-64. [PMID: 18663181] Google Scholar3 Hughes B. First oral therapies for multiple sclerosis anticipated. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009;8:831-3. [PMID: 19876030]. Google Scholar4 EMD Serono. Novantrone: mitoxantrone for injection concentrate, additional safety information, Apr 2005. www.novantrone.com/assets/pdf/healthcare_professional_letter.pdf (accessed 23 Mar 2010). Google Scholar5 Zivadinov R, Sepcic J, Nasuelli D, et al. A longitudinal study of brain atrophy and cognitive disturbances in the early phase of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;70:773-80. [PMID: 11385012] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tamworth Rural Referral Hospital, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia (J.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 May 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOral fingolimod was more effective than placebo for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis James Hughes Oral cladribine was more effective than placebo for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis James Hughes Metrics 18 May 2010Volume 152, Issue 10Page: JC5-6KeywordsDisabilitiesDrugsInterferonsLesionsLymphocytesMonoclonal antibodiesMultiple sclerosisQuantitative analysisSerious adverse eventsStandard deviation ePublished: 18 May 2010 Issue Published: 18 May 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
DIFFERENCES IN ADENOSINE AND REGADENOSON ON MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION RESERVE INDEX: A REPORT FROM THE WOMEN'S ISCHEMIA SYNDROME EVALUATION-CORONARY VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION (WISE-CVD) STUDY
Authors: Janet Wei, Louise Thomson, John Petersen, Puja Mehta, Chrisandra Shufelt, Sherwin Dela Cruz, Xiao Zhang, Andre Rogatko, George Sopko, Eileen Handberg, Carl Pepine, Daniel Berman, C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)