tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GAS-OXYGEN IN MIDWIFERY
Authors: H. E. G. Boyle
Journal: BMJ (1929)

GAS-OXYGEN IIN MIIDWIFERY.L MItISE 1 051 and alkali treatmnent from the tenth week.There was a trace f albuiniA at the twentysecond week.Alkalis were increased Lip to 720 grains a day.Albumin disappeared.Live baby born at term.CASE VI.-First pregnancy in 1927.Albuminuria.Premature t wins born alive.Secoind pregnancy in 1928-29.Under full alkalh treatmnent from the sixteenth week.No albumin; no oudemia.Live baby at term.CASE VJI.-Patient ihad nepliritis at the age of 10.Albuminuria anid oederna were present befor-e pregnanicv.She was under observation from the fourteenth week.Shle was given 400 grains (lday, later reduced to 150 grainls a day.No albunmin; no oenenma.Live baby at term.CASE VIII.-In the first pregnancy eclam-ipsia was present.B3aby stillborn.During the second pregnancy the patient was on alkali.N) albumin unitil two days before delivery, when a trace was found.Live baby at ternm.CASE IX.-First pregnaincy albuminuria present.Premature baby weighing 3 lb. 2 oz.born alive; lived two days.In the second pregnancy pat ient was under observation from the twelfth -week.Small amounts of alkali only.No albumin.Live baby at term (6 lb.).CASE X.-First pregnancy in 1925-26.Admnitted witlh gross albuminuria.Live baby.Second pregnancy in 1927.Under observation from the eightlh week.Small 'amouniits of alkali only.No albumnin Live baby at ternm.CASE XT.-First pregnancy in 1925-26.Admitted with gross albuminuria.Premature baby weighing 3 lb.8 oz.lived four days.Second pregnancy in 1927.Under observation fr-om the tenth week.Small amounts of alkali only.No albumini.Live baby at term.CASE XII.-Fil'st pregniancy in 1921.Admitted witlh eclanmpsia.Baby stillborn.Second pregnancy in 1925.Uinder observation from the fourteenth week.Small amounts 'of alkali only.No albumin.Live baby at term ii.CASE XIII.-FilrSt pr-egnancy-CIeded by miscar-riage about the twentvN-fifth week.Alburminuria; blindness.The second preg- ri-aney was a repetition of t1e-first.In the third pregnancy patient, was under observation fr-om the twelfth week.Full alkali treatment-150 grains, iicr-eased to 350 grains.No aibumin.Live baby at term.CASE XIV.-First.p-regnancy nor-mal.In the seconid pregnancy albuminuria and oedenma were present during the last two months.P'remature baby born alive.In the third pregnancy the patient n as uinder observation fromn the twenty-sixth wveek.She was virvei 400 grains, increased to 500 grains daily, No albumin or .edema.Live baby at termi.
Increased frequency of intracellular interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-10, but not IL-4, expressing CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T cells of patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: M. Aleksza, B. Irinyi, A. Lukacs, P. Antal-Szalmas, J. Hunyadi, A. Szegedi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary Background A number of studies exist demonstrating the increased expression of type 2 cytokines and decreased capacity to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives To clarify the results of recent studies concerning the role of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 in PBMCs of AD patients, we analysed the activation status of lymphocyte subpopulations. Methods We measured the intracellular expression and serum levels of certain type 1 and type 2 cytokines, using cell surface and intracellular cytokine staining, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Results The frequency of IL-10 and IL-13 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in patients with AD, while the frequency of IFN-γ secreting helper and cytotoxic T cells was significantly lower in patients with AD than in control subjects. The serum levels of IL-10 and IL-13 were also significantly increased. There were no significant differences observed between the experimental groups in the frequency of IL-4 producing CD4+ and CD8+ cells. Conclusions This study demonstrates a type 2 cytokine production in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of AD patients, which is characterized by an elevated IL-13, but not by IL-4 secretion, and by an increased level of the immunoregulatory IL-10, which can contribute to a decrease in IFN-γ expression.
A Mouse Model Recapitulating Molecular Features of Human Mesothelioma
Authors: Deborah A. Altomare, Charles A. Vaslet, Kristine L. Skele, Assunta De Rienzo, Karthik Devarajan, Suresh C. Jhanwar, Andrea I. McClatchey, Agnes B. Kane, Joseph R. Testa
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Malignant mesothelioma has been linked to asbestos exposure and generally has a poor prognosis because it is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is refractory to conventional therapy. Human malignant mesotheliomas accumulate multiple somatic genetic alterations, including inactivation of the NF2 and CDKN2A/ARF tumor suppressor genes. To better understand the significance of NF2 inactivation in malignant mesothelioma and identify tumor suppressor gene alterations that cooperate with NF2 loss of function in malignant mesothelioma pathogenesis, we treated Nf2 (+/−) knockout mice with asbestos to induce malignant mesotheliomas. Asbestos-exposed Nf2 (+/−) mice exhibited markedly accelerated malignant mesothelioma tumor formation compared with asbestos-treated wild-type (WT) littermates. Loss of the WT Nf2 allele, leading to biallelic inactivation, was observed in all nine asbestos-induced malignant mesotheliomas from Nf2 (+/−) mice and in 50% of malignant mesotheliomas from asbestos-exposed WT mice. For a detailed comparison with the murine model, DNA analyses were also done on a series of human malignant mesothelioma samples. Remarkably, similar to human malignant mesotheliomas, tumors from Nf2 (+/−) mice showed frequent homologous deletions of the Cdkn2a/Arf locus and adjacent Cdkn2b tumor suppressor gene, as well as reciprocal inactivation of Tp53 in a subset of tumors that retained the Arf locus. As in the human disease counterpart, malignant mesotheliomas from the Nf2 (+/−) mice also showed frequent activation of Akt kinase, which plays a central role in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance. Thus, this murine model of environmental carcinogenesis faithfully recapitulates many of the molecular features of human malignant mesothelioma and has significant implications for the further characterization of malignant mesothelioma pathogenesis and preclinical testing of novel therapeutic modalities.
EGFR Nuclear Translocation Modulates DNA Repair following Cisplatin and Ionizing Radiation Treatment
Authors: Gianmaria Liccardi, John A. Hartley, Daniel Hochhauser
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It modulates DNA repair after radiation-induced damage through association with the catalytic subunit of DNA protein kinase (DNA-PKcs). We investigated the role of EGFR nuclear import and its association with DNA-PKcs on DNA repair after exposure to cisplatin or ionizing radiation (IR). The model system was based on EGFR-null murine NIH3T3 fibroblasts in which EGFR expression was restored with isoforms that were wild-type (wt), derived from human cancers (L858R, EGFRvIII), or mutated in the nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence. In cells expressing wtEGFR or EGFRvIII, there was complete unhooking of cisplatin-induced interstrand cross-links and repair of IR-induced strand breaks. In contrast, cells expressing L858R or NLS mutations showed reduced unhooking of interstrand cross-links and repair of strand breaks. Immunoprecipitation showed wtEGFR and EGFRvIII binding to DNA-PKcs, increasing 2-fold 18 hours after cisplatin therapy. Confocal microscopy and proximity ligation assay showed that this interaction in the cytoplasm and nucleus was associated with increased DNA protein kinase complex (DNA-PK) activity. Cells expressing the EGFR L858R mutation, which has constitutive kinase activity, exhibited reduced DNA repair without nuclear localization. EGFR-NLS mutants showed impaired nuclear localization and DNA-PKcs association with reduced DNA repair and DNA-PK kinase activity. In summary, EGFR nuclear localization was required for modulation of cisplatin and IR-induced repair of DNA damage. EGFR-DNA-PKcs binding was induced by cisplatin or IR but not by EGFR nuclear translocation per se. Our findings show that EGFR subcellular distribution can modulate DNA repair kinetics, with implications for design of EGFR-targeted combinational therapies.
Requests for dermatology specialist consultations show an inverse correlation with waiting time: an analysis of waiting time to access dermatology specialist health care in Bolzano, South Tyrol, Italy
Authors: J. Deluca, A. Goldschmidt, K. Eisendle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Requests for dermatology specialist consultations show an inverse correlation with waiting time: an analysis of waiting time to access dermatology specialist health care in Bolzano, South Tyrol, Italy Get access J. Deluca, J. Deluca Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Teaching Department of Innsbruck Medical University Central Hospital Bolzano L. Böhlerstr. 5 Bozen 39100 Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Goldschmidt, A. Goldschmidt International Health Care Management Institute University Trier Behringstr Trier 54286 Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Eisendle K. Eisendle Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Teaching Department of Innsbruck Medical University Central Hospital Bolzano L. Böhlerstr. 5 Bozen 39100 Italy Correspondence: Klaus Eisendle. E‐mail: klaus.eisendle@asbz.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Pages 1133–1135, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13344 Published: 01 April 2015
The incidence and clinical significance of epicardial late potentials in patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia and coronary artery disease.
Authors: M E Josephson, M B Simson, A H Harken, L N Horowitz, R A Falcone
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Seventy-eight patients with ventricular tachycardia associated with coronary artery disease underwent intraoperative mapping while in sinus rhythm to evaluate the frequency and significant of late potentials. In 30 of these patients, the surface ECG was subjected to signal averaging to correlate the incidence and duration of low-amplitude, delayed electrograms with the presence of late potentials recorded during epicardial mapping. One to four epicardial late potentials were observed in nine patients (11.5%). These nine patients did not differ hemodynamically from patients without late potentials. In four patients, the site of epicardial breakthrough during ventricular tachycardia bore no relationship (i.e., greater than 3 cm away) to the late potential or the site of origin of the tachycardia. In the five other patients with late potentials, epicardial breakthrough and site of origin of ventricular tachycardia were closely related to the free wall of an apical aneurysm. However, three of these patients had additional tachycardias from disparate sites. Twenty-seven of 30 patients in whom signal averaging was used had a low-amplitude signal in the terminal 40 msec of the amplified QRS complex. In 24 of these 27 patients (89%), the low-amplitude tail was demonstrated in the absence of epicardial late potentials. We conclude that epicardial late potentials are found infrequently in patients with ventricular tachycardia associated with coronary artery disease; epicardial late potentials cannot be used to localize ventricular tachycardia; and the specific low-amplitude tail on the signal-averaged electrogram is unrelated to epicardial events.
Arterial Calcifications and Bone Histomorphometry in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Gérard M. London, Caroline Marty, Sylvain J. Marchais, Alain P. Guerin, Fabien Metivier, Marie-Christine de Vernejoul
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

Arterial calcification (AC) is a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The mechanisms responsible are complex, including disturbances of mineral metabolism and active expression of various mineral-regulating proteins. An inverse relationship between AC and bone density has been documented in uremic patients. In the study presented here, which included 58 patients with ESRD on hemodialysis (HD), bone-histomorphometry characteristics were compared with the AC scores (0 to 4) determined according to the number of arterial sites with calcifications. Patients with AC scores of 0 (no calcifications), or 1 or 2 (mild calcifications) had similar serum parathyroid hormone levels and bone histomorphometry, with larger osteoclast resorption, higher osteoclast numbers, and larger osteoblastic and double tertracycline-labeled surfaces. In contrast, patients with high AC scores (3 and 4) were characterized by lower serum parathyroid hormone, low osteoclast numbers and osteoblastic surfaces, smaller or absent double tetracycline-labeled surfaces, and high percentages of aluminum-stained surfaces. According to multivariate analysis, AC score was positively associated with age (P < 0.0001), daily dose of calcium-containing phosphate binders (P = 0.009), and bone aluminum-stained surfaces (P = 0.037), and an inverse correlation was observed with osteoblastic surfaces (P = 0.001). A high AC score is associated with bone histomorphometry suggestive of low bone activity and adynamic bone disease. These findings suggest that therapeutic interventions associated with excessive lowering of parathyroid activity (parathyroidectomy, excessive calcium or aluminum load) favor lower bone turnover and adynamic bone disease, which could influence the development and progression of AC.
Technetium-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime granulocyte scintigraphy in Crohn's disease: diagnostic and clinical relevance.
Authors: G Sciarretta, A Furno, M Mazzoni, C Basile, P Malaguti
Journal: Gut (1993)

Culturally transmitted communication signals – such as human language or bird song – can change over time through a process of cultural drift, and may consequently enhance the separation of populations, potentially leading to reproductive isolation<sup>1–4</sup>. Local song dialects have been identified in bird species with relatively simple songs where individuals show high cultural conformity<sup>5–10</sup>. In contrast, the emergence of cultural dialects has been regarded as unlikely<sup>11–13</sup> for species with more variable song, such as the zebra finch (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>). Instead, it has been proposed that selection for individual recognition and distinctiveness may lead to a complete spread across the space of acoustic and syntactical possibilities<sup>11–15</sup>. However, another possibility is that analytical limitations have meant that subtle but possibly salient group differences have not yet been discovered in such species. Here we show that machine learning can distinguish the songs from multiple captive zebra finch populations with remarkable precision, and that these ‘cryptic song dialects’ drive strong assortative mating in this species. We studied mating patterns across three consecutive generations using captive populations that have evolved in isolation for about 100 generations. Cross-fostering eggs within and between these populations and quantifying social interactions of the resulting offspring later in life revealed that mate choice primarily targets cultural traits that are transmitted during a short developmental time window. Detailed social networks showed that females preferentially approached males whose song resembled that of their adolescent peers. Our study shows that birds can be surprisingly sensitive to cultural traits for mating that have hitherto remained cryptic, even in this well-studied species that is used as a model for song-learning<sup>13,14,16–28</sup>.
Anonymising and sharing individual patient data
Authors: K. El Emam, S. Rodgers, B. Malin
Journal: BMJ (2015)

There is a strong movement to share individual patient data for secondary purposes, particularly for research. A major obstacle to broad data sharing has been the concern for patient privacy. One of the methods for protecting the privacy of patients in accordance with privacy laws and regulations is to anonymise the data before it is shared. This article describes the key concepts and principles for anonymising health data while ensuring it remains suitable for meaningful analysis.
Plasma Glycoproteins in Various Disease States Including Carcinoma
Authors: Robert A. L. Macbeth, J. George Bekesi
Journal: Cancer Research (1962)

Summary  The protein-bound hexose (galactose and mannose) of the neutral glycoprotein fraction of human plasma has been determined in a series of 648 human subjects including normal individuals and patients suffering from a broad spectrum of disease states. In 112 samples all six known protein-bound carbohydrate fractions of the neutral glycoprotein have been determined.  All six protein-bound carbohydrates of the plasma neutral glycoprotein of patients with malignant disease are significantly elevated as compared with the levels observed in the plasma of normal individuals and patients with nonmalignant disease, with the exception of the hexosamine levels in the latter group. In the malignant disease group the behavior of the plasma protein-bound carbohydrates in cases of localized carcinoma of the breast is at variance with that observed in other types of malignancy.  In four patients with malignant disease serial determinations of the plasma protein-bound galactose-mannose of the neutral glycoprotein fraction during treatment would suggest that the changes observed in these carbohydrates are intimately related to the neoplastic process.
Comparison of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and adipose tissue for bone regeneration in a critical size defect of the sheep tibia and the influence of platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Philipp Niemeyer, Katharina Fechner, Stefan Milz, Wiltrud Richter, Norbert P. Suedkamp, Alexander T. Mehlhorn, Simon Pearce, Philip Kasten
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Protective Association of Genetic Variation in Alcohol Dehydrogenase With Alcohol Dependence in Native American Mission Indians
Authors: Tamara L. Wall, Lucinda G. Carr, Cindy L. Ehlers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: Two alcohol dehydrogenase genes (ADH2 and ADH3 on chromosome 4) and one aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH2 on chromosome 12) exhibit functional polymorphisms. The goal of this study was to determine whether any associations exist between the ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol dependence in a group of Native Americans. An additional goal was to determine if any associations exist between these polymorphisms and the endophenotype, maximum number of drinks ever consumed in a 24-hour period. METHOD: Mission Indian adults (N=340) were recruited for participation from reservations in southern California. Each participant completed an interview with the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism. A blood sample was collected from each participant for genotyping at the ALDH2, ADH2, and ADH3 loci. RESULTS: Sixty percent of all participants (72% of men and 53% of women) met lifetime DSM-III-R criteria for alcohol dependence. A significant difference in the ADH2 allele distributions was found between alcohol-dependent and non-alcohol-dependent participants. Those with alcohol dependence were significantly less likely to have the ADH2*3 allele (odds ratio=0.28) and significantly more likely to have the ADH2*1 allele (odds ratio=2.00) than those who were not alcohol dependent. Individuals with ADH2*3 reported a lower number of maximum drinks ever consumed in a 24-hour period, compared to those without this allele. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with genetic linkage studies showing protective associations for alcohol dependence and related behavior on chromosome 4 and suggest that ADH2 polymorphisms may account for these findings. These results also highlight the utility of evaluating protective factors in populations with high rates of alcohol dependence.
Joint irrigation in rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled trial.
Authors: D J Lindsay, E F Ring, P F Coorey, M I Jayson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1969)

HEBERDEN SOCIETYsimilar episodes in which no radiological change could be demonstrated-presumably because the deposit was too small or the soft tissue too thick.Thus patients may exist who show similar syndromes with no x-ray signs.A review of the literature has shown that no controlled trial of treatment has been performed in this condition and this is reflected by the diversity of recommended treatments.It is doubtful if any treatment greatly af- fects this condition where spontaneous recovery with no permanent limitation ofjoint movement is the rule.
5-Fluorouracil incorporation into RNA and DNA in relation to thymidylate synthase inhibition of human colorectal cancers
Authors: P. Noordhuis, U. Holwerda, C.L. Van der Wilt, C.J. Van Groeningen, K. Smid, S. Meijer, H.M. Pinedo, G.J. Peters
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2004)
Detection of Promoter Hypermethylation of Multiple Genes in the Tumor and Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Ozlem Topaloglu, Mohammad Obaidul Hoque, Yutaka Tokumaru, Juna Lee, Edward Ratovitski, David Sidransky, Chul-so Moon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of several known or putative tumor suppressor genes occurs frequently during the pathogenesis of lung cancers and is a promising marker for cancer detection. We investigated the feasibility of detecting aberrant DNA methylation in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of lung cancer patients.We examined the tumor and the matched BAL DNA for aberrant methylation of eight gene promoters (CDH1, APC, MGMT, RASSF1A, GSTP1, p16, RAR-beta 2, and ARF) from 31 patients with primary lung tumors by quantitative fluorogenic real-time PCR. BAL from 10 age-matched noncancer patients was used as a control.Promoter hypermethylation of at least one of the genes studied was detected in all 31 lung primary tumors; 27 (87%) CDH1, 17 (55%) APC, 14 (45%) RASSF1A, 12 (39%) MGMT, 7 (23%) p16, 3 (10%) GSTP1, 3 (10%) RAR-beta 2, and 0 (0%) ARF. Methylation was detected in CDH1 (48%), APC (29%), RASSF1A (29%), MGMT (58%), p16 (14%), GSTP1 (33%), RAR-beta 2 (0%), and ARF (0%) of BAL samples from matched methylation-positive primary tumors, and in every case, aberrant methylation in BAL DNA was accompanied by methylation in the matched tumor samples. BAL samples from 10 controls without evidence of cancer revealed no methylation of the MGMT, GSTP1, p16, ARF, or RAR-beta 2 genes whereas methylation of RASSF1, CDH1, and APC was detected at low levels. Overall, 21 (68%) of 31 BAL samples from cancer patients were positive for aberrant methylation.Our findings suggest that promoter hypermethylation in BAL can be detected in the majority of lung cancer patients. This approach needs to be evaluated in large early detection and surveillance studies of lung cancer.