tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS): Missed opportunities for intervention
Authors: Anne C. Moorman, Jian Xing, Stephen Ko, Loralee B. Rupp, Fujie Xu, Stuart C. Gordon, Mei Lu, Philip R. Spradling, Eyasu H. Teshale, Joseph A. Boscarino, Vinutha Vijayadeva, Mark A. Schmidt, Scott D. Holmberg
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

To determine the stage of liver disease at initial diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we analyzed data from the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS), a large U.S. observational study. We examined the temporal relationships of initial HCV infection diagnosis with cirrhosis—defined by liver biopsy or mean FIB‐4 score &gt;5.88—and time to onset of cirrhotic decompensation in electronic medical records. We determined time in the health system prior to HCV diagnosis and rates of hospitalization and death following HCV diagnosis. Of 14,717 patients with chronic HCV seen during 2006‐2011, 6,166 (42%) had a definable time of initial HCV diagnosis. Of these, 1,056 (17%) patients met our definition for “late diagnosis” with either cirrhosis concurrent with initial HCV diagnosis (n = 550), a first diagnosis of hepatic decompensation before or within 12 months after initial HCV diagnosis (n = 506), or both (n = 314). Patients with late diagnosis had an average of 6 years in the health system before their HCV diagnosis. In a comparison with patients without late diagnosis, hospitalization (59% versus 35%) and death (33% versus 9%) were more frequent among patients with late diagnosis. Among all who died, mean (median) time from initial HCV diagnosis to death was 4.8 (4.2) years. Conclusion : Many CHeCS patients had advanced liver disease concurrent with their initial HCV diagnosis despite many years of engagement with the healthcare system, and these patients had high rates of hospitalization and mortality. (H epatology 2015;61:1479–1484)
Effect of Intermittent Endogenous Hyperglucagonemia on Glucose Homeostasis in Normal and Diabetic Man
Authors: Robert Rizza, Carlos Verdonk, John Miles, F. John Service, John Gerich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Infusion of glucagon causes only a transient increase in glucose production in normal and diabetic man. To assess the effect of intermittent endogenous hyperglucagonemia that might more closely reflect physiologic conditions, arginine (10 g over 30 min) was infused four times to 8 normal subjects and 13 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (4 of whom were infused concomitantly with somatostatin to examine effects of arginine during prevention of hyperglucagonemia). Each arginine infusion was separated by 60 min. Diabetic subjects were infused throughout the experiments with insulin at rates (0.07-0.48 mU/kg per min) that had normalized base-line plasma glucose and rates of glucose appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd). Basal plasma glucagon and arginine-induced hyperglucagonemia were similar in both groups; basal serum insulin in the diabetics (16+/-1 muU/ml, P < 0.05) exceeded those of the normal subjects (10+/-1 muU/ml, P < 0.05) but did not increase with arginine. Serum insulin in normal subjects increased 15-20 muU/ml with each arginine infusion. In both groups each arginine infusion increased plasma glucose and Ra. Increments of Ra in the diabetics exceeded those of normal subjects, (P < 0.02); Rd was similar in both groups. In normal subjects, plasma glucose returned to basal levels after each arginine infusion, whereas in the diabetics hyperglycemia persisted reaching 151+/-15 mg/dl after the last arginine infusion. When glucagon responses were prevented by somatostatin, arginine infusions did not alter plasma glucose or Ra.Infusion of arginine acutely increases plasma glucose and glucose production in man solely by stimulating glucagon secretion; physiologic increments in plasma glucagon (100-150 pg/ml) can result in sustained hyperglycemia when pancreatic beta cell function is limited.
Parable of the Surgeon and the Internist
Authors: Susan N. Rosenthal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Ad Libitum1 November 1993Parable of the Surgeon and the InternistSusan N. Rosenthal, MDSusan N. Rosenthal, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail As a medical oncologist with a special interest in breast cancer, I am frequently asked to see women after breast cancer surgery for consideration of systemic adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen, combination chemotherapy, or both. The patients are often under considerable psychological and emotional stress related to the recent diagnosis of cancer and the threat to body image that their recent surgery represents. The discussion I have with them involves complex issues such as the concept of micrometastatic disease, the statistical description of risk of recurrence in both absolute and relative terms, and the controversy over which is the best form ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 950KeywordsBreast cancerCombination chemotherapyEmotionsLesionsMammographyMouthPsychological stressSurgeonsSurgeryThorax ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Normal hematopoietic function and multiple bone marrow clonal abnormalities in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia after two mismatched stem‐cell transplants with graft failure and autologous reconstitution
Authors: Fabiana Ostronoff, Carlos Bueso‐Ramos, Jorge Cortes, Sergio Giralt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract A 13‐year‐old male with primary refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML‐M0), underwent two mismatched stem cell transplantations (SCT) and experienced graft failure after both procedures. Of interest, his peripheral blood cell counts are normal 7 years after his first SCT, his bone marrow is morphologically normal, however, cytogenetic analysis reveals multiple recurring cytogenetic abnormalities. This is the third case of chromosomal instability with morphological normal marrow and peripheral blood to be reported, these rare cases suggest that hematopoietic stem cells must have compensating mechanisms that allow normal function despite extensive chromosomal damage, supporting the notion that normal marrow function is possible even with extensive chromosomal damage. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PI 3-kinase p110β: a new target for antithrombotic therapy
Authors: Shaun P Jackson, Simone M Schoenwaelder, Isaac Goncalves, Warwick S Nesbitt, Cindy L Yap, Christine E Wright, Vijaya Kenche, Karen E Anderson, Sacha M Dopheide, Yuping Yuan, Sharelle A Sturgeon, Hishani Prabaharan, Philip E Thompson, Gregg D Smith, Peter R Shepherd, Nathalie Daniele, Suhasini Kulkarni, Belinda Abbott, Dilek Saylik, Catherine Jones, Lucy Lu, Simon Giuliano, Sascha C Hughan, James A Angus, Alan D Robertson, Hatem H Salem
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Photobiological studies with dioxetanes in isolated DNA, bacteria, and mammalian cells.
Authors: W Adam, A Beinhauer, T Mosandl, C Saha-Möller, F Vargas, B Epe, E Müller, D Schiffmann, D Wild
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

1,2-Dioxetanes, efficient chemical sources of triplet excited carbonyl compounds, were observed to be genotoxic in isolated DNA, bacteria, and cultured mammalian cells. In superhelical DNA of bacteriophage PM2, various alkyl- and hydroxyalkyl-substituted dioxetanes (1) induced predominantly endonuclease-sensitive base modifications and only few single strand breaks. With a specific endonuclease a small fraction of the base modifications was identified as pyrimidine dimers. The psoralen dioxetane (2a) or PsD bound photochemically to calf thymus DNA at the alpha-pyrone ring of psoralen (fluorescence measurements). Photobinding was also observed when calf thymus DNA was incubated with psoralen and 3-hydroxymethyl-3,4,4-trimethyl-1,2-dioxetane. In Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts and HL-60 cells, dioxetanes induced DNA single strand breaks. The alkyl- and hydroxyalkyl-substituted dioxetanes 1 and 2 were efficiently inactivated by cysteine, glutathione, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, NADH and FADH2. While dioxetanes 1 and 2 were not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, benzofuran dioxetanes 3 exhibited substantial effects. Further data imply that presumably a mutagenic intermediate with a lifetime of a few minutes is produced from the benzofuran dioxetane.
Laparoscopy and Gonadal Biopsy for Assessment of Gonadal Function in Primary Amenorrhoea
Authors: W. P. Black, A. D. T. Govan
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Twenty patients with primary amenorrhoea have been investigated by laparoscopy and gonadal biopsy, endocrine and chromosomal studies. Laparoscopy and gonadal biopsy made the major contribution to the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of the patients and provided a method for study of the functional anatomy of the ovary.
Effect of <i>Interleukin-10</i> Gene Polymorphisms on Clinical Outcome of Patients with Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Dieter Kube, Thanh-Duc Hua, Frederike von Bonin, Nils Schoof, Samira Zeynalova, Marita Klöss, Daniela Gocht, Bernd Potthoff, Mladen Tzvetkov, Jürgen Brockmöller, Markus Löffler, Michael Pfreundschuh, Lorenz Trümper
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Current chemotherapy can achieve high response rates in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but the factors that influence regression and survival remain unknown. The present exploratory study tested the hypothesis whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms predict clinical outcome, leukocytopenia, or infectivity during therapy. IL-10 was chosen because immune alterations are a major risk factor for NHL, and IL-10 is a cytokine involved in inflammatory processes associated with clinical outcome. Experimental Design: Five hundred patients with aggressive NHL treated with CHOP/CHOEP were analyzed for IL-10 gene polymorphisms, including distal loci -7400InDel, -6752AT (rs6676671), and -6208CG (rs10494879) in comparison with proximal loci -3538AT (rs1800890), -1087AG (rs1800896), and -597AC (rs1800872) according to the incidence and outcome of the lymphoma. Results: No differences in allele frequencies or haplotypes were found comparing a cohort of patients with aggressive NHL/diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a healthy control group. Patients with aggressive NHL characterized by IL-10-7400DelDel had shorter overall survival periods compared with the other genotypes (P = 0.004). The 3-year rate is 43.4% for IL-10-7400DelDel and 73.4% for IL-10-7400InIn and IL-10-7400InDel together. A significant increased risk for event-free survival is found for carriers of the genotype IL-10-6752TT-6208CC-3538AA (P = 0.047). Multivariate analysis of IL-10-7400 gene variation in relation to overall survival adjusted to international prognostic index revealed a relative risk of 1.9 for carriers of IL-10-7400DelDel (P = 0.037). No associations were found analyzing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients separately. Conclusion: Our results indicate that IL-10 gene variations could be associated to the clinical course of aggressive NHL, which points out the importance of host factors and respective genetic elements for treatment response.
Alcohol and Mortality
Authors: Joseph K. Rosman, Nancy Pearlstein-Rosman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1982Alcohol and MortalityJOSEPH K. ROSMAN, M.D., NANCY PEARLSTEIN-ROSMAN, M.S.W.JOSEPH K. ROSMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, NANCY PEARLSTEIN-ROSMAN, M.S.W.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-120 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the article by Klatsky, Friedman, and Siegelaub on alcohol and mortality (1). The authors examined mortality rates, controlling for drinking habits, smoking habits, age, sex, and race, and found an apparent beneficial effect of moderate alcohol ingestion especially on cardiac mortality. They suggested several possible reasons for this finding, such as changes in high density lipoprotein and changes in platelet function.The relation between alcohol and mortality must be carefully examined before we can say to an uncritical public that alcohol ingestion, albeit moderate, may prolong one's life. Association does not always imply...Reference1. KLATSKYFRIEDMANSIEGELAUB AGA. Alcohol and mortality: A ten-year Kaiser-Permanente experience. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:139-45. LinkGoogle Scholar1. KLATSKYFRIEDMANSIEGELAUB AGA. Alcohol and mortality: A ten-year Kaiser-Permanente experience. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:139-45. LinkGoogle Scholar1. KLATSKYFRIEDMANSIEGELAUBGERARD AGAM. Alcohol comsumption among white, black, or oriental men and women. Kaiser-Permanente multiphasic health examination data. Am J Epidemiol. 1977;105:311-23. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. KLATSKYFRIEDMANSIEGELAUB AMM. Alcohol and mortalilty: a ten-year Kaiser-Permanente experience. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:142. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAlcohol Consumption and Ischemic Heart Disease 1 January 1982Volume 96, Issue 1Page: 120-121KeywordsAlcoholsDeath ratesHabitsHigh density lipoproteinIngestionMortalityPlateletsRacial and ethnic issuesSmoking habits Issue Published: 1 January 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Persistent Reduction of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation by Papillary Muscle Repositioning
Authors: Judy Hung, Miguel Chaput, J. Luis Guerrero, Mark D. Handschumacher, Lampros Papakostas, Suzanne Sullivan, Jorge Solis, Robert A. Levine
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Recurrent ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) is frequent despite initial reduction by annuloplasty because continued LV remodeling increases tethering to the infarcted papillary muscle (PM). We have previously shown that PM repositioning by an external patch device can acutely reduce IMR. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that IMR reduction persists despite possible continued LV remodeling.In 7 sheep, we used a chronic ischemic posterior infarct model that produces LV dilatation and MR over 10 weeks. An epicardial patch device was adjusted under echo guidance to reduce MR, with follow-up over a further 8 weeks and evaluation by 3D echo and sonomicrometry. In all 7 sheep, moderate IMR resolved with acute patch application and PM repositioning (6.5+/-1.8 mm to 0.6+/-1.3 mm proximal jet width, P<0.001) without decrease in LVEF (43+/-3% to 44+/-8%). Eight weeks after PM repositioning, MR was not significantly greater (0.6+/-1.3 mm versus 1.0+/-1.0 mm, P=NS) despite an increase in LV volumes in 3 animals (2 had increases of 50+/-15%). On average, LV volumes did not change significantly (ESV: 46+/-8 mL versus 49+/-15 mL; P=NS and EDV: 85+/-16 mL versus 89+/-30 mL; P=NS). LVEF was unchanged from acute to chronic patch (44+/-8% versus 43+/-8%). Contractility as end-systolic elastance did not decrease from the chronic MI to the acute and chronic patch stages, nor were there any significant changes in dP/dt, LV stiffness constant, or time constant of LV relaxation (Tau).PM repositioning is persistently effective in reducing moderate chronic IMR, even when LV volume increases. This may reflect structural stabilization by an external patch device of the papillary muscle-LV wall complex that controls mitral valve tethering.
Novel Role for STAT3 in Transcriptional Regulation of NK Immune Cell Targeting Receptor MICA on Cancer Cells
Authors: Romain Bedel, Antoine Thiery-Vuillemin, Camille Grandclement, Jeremy Balland, Jean-Paul Remy-Martin, Bernadette Kantelip, Jean-René Pallandre, Xavier Pivot, Christophe Ferrand, Pierre Tiberghien, Christophe Borg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

The role of natural killer group 2, member D receptor (NKG2D)-expressing natural killer (NK) cells in tumor immunosurveillance is now well established. Nevertheless, tumor progression occurs despite tumor immunosurveillance, leading to cancer persistence in immunocompetent hosts. STAT3 plays a pivotal role both in oncogenic functions and in immunosuppression. In this study, we investigated the role of STAT3 in suppressing NK cell-mediated immunosurveillance. Using a colorectal cancer cell line (HT29) that can poorly activate NK, we neutralized STAT3 with pharmacologic inhibitors or siRNA and found that this led to an increase in NK degranulation and IFN-γ production in a TGF-β1-independent manner. Exposure to NKG2D-neutralizing antibodies partially restored STAT3 activity, suggesting that it prevented NKG2D-mediated NK cell activation. On this basis, we investigated the expression of NKG2D ligands after STAT3 activation in HT29, mesenchymal stem cells, and activated lymphocytes. The NK cell recognition receptor MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) was upregulated following STAT3 neutralization, and a direct interaction between STAT3 and the MICA promoter was identified. Because cross-talk between DNA damage repair and NKG2D ligand expression has been shown, we assessed the influence of STAT3 on MICA expression under conditions of genotoxic stress. We found that STAT3 negatively regulated MICA expression after irradiation or heat shock, including in lymphocytes activated by CD3/CD28 ligation. Together, our findings reveal a novel role for STAT3 in NK cell immunosurveillance by modulating the MICA expression in cancer cells.
Alcohol intolerance in neoplastic disease.
Authors: T. B. Brewin
Journal: BMJ (1966)

It has been recognized in recent years that some patients with Hodgkin's disease have pain at the site of disease if they drink alcohol.A mouthful or two of beer or wine may be enough.Other vasodilators have no effect.James (1960) found 58 cases in the literature and suggested an incidence of 17% when patients are specially questioned.Symptoms other than pain (including cough, itching, flushing, and nausea) have been mentioned by only a few authors-for example, Zanes (1950) and Bichel (1959)-and have attracted little attention.Since the paper by James et al. ( 1957) isolated cases of alcohol pain in other neoplasms have been described, but have been thought to be very rare (Wanka, 1965).This report concerns 155 patients with neoplastic disease who have shown alcoholic intolerance (Table I).It is suggested that such intolerance is both more common and more varied TABLE I.-Diagnosis in 155 Cases of Alcohol Intolerance Hodgkin's disease Reticulum-cell sarcoma Lymphosarcoma . ... Anaplastic lymphoid sarcoma . .Reticular lymphoma (benign Hodgkin's) .. Total in lymphoid group . .60 11 11 1 84 Carcinoma of cervix ..
The Anglo-Chinese Dermatological Society: Visit to the People's Republic of China—1983
Authors: John Savin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article The Anglo‐Chinese Dermatological Society: Visit to the People's Republic of China—1983 Get access John Savin John Savin Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 6, 1 June 1984, Pages 733–734, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04713.x Published: 01 June 1984
Allergoprints in Horse Allergic Children
Authors: U. Wahn, U. Herold, K. Danielsen, H. Løwenstein
Journal: Allergy (1982)

In order to determine the allergenic activity of five purified horse allergens, 22 children allergic to horses according to history, skin test, and leukocyte histamine release were evaluated. Washed leukocytes from all patients were tested for allergen-induced histamine release utilizing four epidermal horse allergens (Ags 6, 9, 11, and 15) and horse serum albumin. Crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis was carried out with a standard horse dander extract and serum from each patient. The results showed considerable variation in the individual allergoprints. Ag 11 had the highest mean allergenic activity. Sensitivity to horse serum albumin was demonstrated three times. Our data show that the amount of serum IgE antibodies bound by horse allergens correlates significantly with the capacity of the allergens to induce histamine release from washed leukocytes.
The compound interest effect: Why cultural evolution is not niche construction
Authors: Eric Saidel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Laland et al. rightly observe that the pressures affecting the evolution of a trait include the previous effects the trait has had on the environment. Ignoring this would be like ignoring the effect of compound interest: a distortion, not a simplification. However, cultural evolution is not niche construction. In niche construction one mechanism has effects over multiple paths. Cultural evolution involves the effects of several mechanisms.
Iron in joint inflammation.
Authors: A J Dabbagh, C W Trenam, C J Morris, D R Blake
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Iron and joint inflammation was first associated by Hochstatter in his description in 1674 of an arthritis associated with excessive bleeding,l effectively a description of the synovitis assoc- iated with haemophilia.Haemophilic arthro- pathy is characterised by a florid and proliferative synovitis and associated with erosive bone damage and cartilage destruction.2Bleeding into an otherwise normal joint is clearlyassociated with damage.In patients with an abnormal
B-cell receptors expressed by lymphomas of hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected patients rarely react with the viral proteins
Authors: Patrick P. Ng, Chiung-Chi Kuo, Stanley Wang, Shirit Einav, Luca Arcaini, Marco Paulli, Carol S. Portlock, Joseph Marcotrigiano, Alexander Tarr, Jonathan Ball, Ronald Levy, Shoshana Levy
Journal: Blood (2014)
OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE MANDIBLE
Authors: JAMES R. CAMERON
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The presentation of this paper is made with the thought of possibly aiding in a better understanding of osteomyelitis of the mandible through a full discussion by members of this section. The disease is one that should interest not only the surgeon, but also the physician and dentist. All three practitioners have opportunity to observe and study this destructive and not infrequently fatal disease. The family physician and the family dentist are, by virtue of their intimate relationship to the patient, in a position to recognize symptoms of osteomyelitis developing in the mandible, and can frequently institute efficient treatment for its arrest. Yet, how often is the disease permitted to establish itself before adequate measures are taken to bring about its control. General diseases, such as scarlet fever or measles, may so interfere with the nourishment of the jaw as to permit the entrance of pus-producing organisms. Tuberculosis and syphilis