tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improving Stroke Outcomes
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Behavior Problems Antecede the Development of Wheeze in Childhood
Authors: Rachel Calam, Lynsey Gregg, Angela Simpson, Bridget Simpson, Ashley Woodcock, Adnan Custovic
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Rationale: It is not clear to what extent behavior problems observed in children with asthma antecede asthma development, or are a consequence of the disease. Objectives: We investigated psychologic factors at age 3 years and subsequent development of wheeze by age 5 in an unselected birth cohort study. Children were recruited prenatally, followed prospectively, and reviewed at age 3 and 5 years. The rate of significant behavior problems at age 3 (above the clinically relevant cut-off on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory) was compared between children who had never wheezed (n = 397) and those developing late-onset wheezing (after age 3 years; n = 39). Late-onset wheezers were more likely to be above cut-offs for behavior problems at 3 years (before wheeze onset), compared with children who never wheezed, on Intensity (23.1% vs. 6.0%, p < 0.001) and Problem scores (10.8% vs. 1.3%, p < 0.001). Families of late-onset wheezers had poorer scores on family functioning variables, but we found no evidence of increased anxiety or depression scores in parents. In the multivariate analysis, significant and independent associates of late-onset wheeze were as follows: maternal asthma (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 2.1–13.8, p < 0.001), maternal smoking when child was 3 years (OR 3.3, CI 1.2–8.7, p = 0.02), expressiveness (OR 0.71, CI 0.55–0.9, p = 0.005), and significant behavior problems at age 3 years (OR 3.5, CI 1.2–9.9, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Behavior problems in early life are associated with increased risk of subsequent development of wheeze.
PROPERTIES OF GUINEA PIG 7S ANTIBODIES
Authors: Baruj Benacerraf, Zoltan Ovary, Kurt J. Bloch, Edward C. Franklin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Guinea pigs hyperimmunized with single protein antigens or hapten conjugates emulsified in complete adjuvants produced two types of precipitating antibodies with different electrophoretic mobilities. "Slow" migrating antibody generally appeared earlier and "fast" migrating antibody later in the course of immunization. Animals initially immunized by the intraperitoneal route with hapten conjugates without adjuvants produced primarily fast migrating antibody. Purified guinea pig antibodies were also separable into slow and fast migrating components by electrophoresis in supporting media. Using suitable antisera prepared in rabbits hyperimmunized with guinea pig serum, it was demonstrated that slow and fast antibodies have both common and distinct antigenic determinants. Analytical ultracentrifugation disclosed that both antibodies have sedimentation coefficients of approximately 7S. These antibodies have been designated guinea pig 7Sgamma(1) and 7Sgamma(2).
VAS LIGATION FOR THE PREVENTION OF PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE EPIDIDYMITIS
Authors: J. A. C. COLSTON
Journal: JAMA (1928)

In all operative procedures on the bladder or prostate gland, epididymitis is a frequent and often a troublesome complication. Particularly is this the case in dealing with patients suffering from prostatic obstruction, either of the benign or of the malignant type. It is, of course, a well known clinical fact that epididymitis may arise at any time throughout the course of prostatic obstruction; and, while it is rarely a dangerous complication, it plays an important part in increasing the length of hospitalization of the patient and usually has a markedly depressing effect on the morale. In some extremely sick patients with lowered resistance, the added effect of this infection may prove to be too much for the individual to withstand, and in such cases, fortunately rare, the fatal outcome may be directly attributed to the added burden of the epididymitis. Then, too, in the very rare case in which a
Abstract 1506: Prodrug targeted gene therapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Praveen Kusumanchi, Yonghua Zhang, Padma Chakka, Nagesh H. Jayaram, Rehana Khan, Asok C. Antony, Hiremagalur N. Jayaram
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In the US colorectal cancer is the second and third most common cause of cancer death in men and women, respectively. The drawback of conventional therapy is its non-specificity and a median survival of only 10-15 months with the present combinations. Our studies with human colorectal cancer cell lines demonstrate a relationship between human nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase-2 (hNMNAT-2) expression and cell kill with tiazofurin (TR) and benzamide riboside (BR). Thus, the purpose of the present study is to examine whether over-expressing hNMNAT-2 selectively confers sensitivity to TR and BR in human colorectal cancer cells that show resistance to TR and BR therapy. TR and BR are pro-drugs that are metabolized by the action of NMNAT to its active form, TAD (thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide) and BAD (Benzamide adenine dinucleotide), respectively. TAD/BAD potently inhibit inosine-5’-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) causing reduced guanylate synthesis resulting in cancer cell death. We achieved 2- to 5-fold increase in expression of hNMNAT-2 by transfecting colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29) with pTracerNMNAT-2 as demonstrated by Western blot and FACS. hNMNAT-2 transfected colorectal cancer cells exhibited a 3- to 7-fold increase in tumor-cell kill with TR and BR. hNMNAT-2 transfected cells did not exhibit modulation of either NAD levels or IMPDH expression. Folate receptor alpha (FR-α) is overexpressed on the colorectal cancer cell surface to sequester available folate to promote cancer cell proliferation. Primary colorectal carcinomas which exhibit high FR-α overexpression also correlated with decreased 5-year survival. We demonstrated an upregulation of FR-α expression in human colorectal cancer cells (up to 10-fold) by adaptation to growth in physiological low folate medium resulting in 2- to 5-fold increase in colorectal cancer cell-kill with TR or BR encapsulated in folate-tethered liposomes. To translate in vitro studies to in vivo applicability, we are utilizing adeno-associated virus (AAV-2) to transduce hNMNAT-2 gene into colorectal cancers implanted in athymic mice. To achieve this goal, we engineered hNMNAT-2 gene into AAV-2 vector to increase efficiency of gene transfer, and encapsulated in folate-tethered liposomes to target colorectal cancer cells. The potential significance of these new proof-of principle studies is that they will set the stage for the next level of studies that could culminate in a new form of pro-drug targeted gene therapy for colorectal cancer with enhanced tumor cell-kill with little toxicity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1506.
Carboxyhemoglobin in Volunteer Blood Donors
Authors: Gustave L. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Smoking by donors largely accounts for the greater than 5% carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) saturation found in 17% of blood units in a volunteer blood program. Low levels of COHb in donor blood are potentially dangerous to susceptible recipients, particularly patients with cardiorespiratory diseases, those in whom dilution of blood volume does not occur, and patients with coronary artery disease who are undergoing bypass surgery. Recommendations that blood donors not smoke for two hours prior to phlebotomy must be balanced against potential loss of smoking donors. Screening for COHb in blood to be transfused to susceptible recipients, labeling of smokers' blood, or both, should be considered.  ( JAMA 230:996-997, 1974)
Inhibition of Rapamycin-Induced AKT Activation Elicits Differential Antitumor Response in Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Padhma Radhakrishnan, Ulaganathan Baraneedharan, Subhadra Veluchamy, Muthu Dhandapani, Dency D. Pinto, Saravanan Thiyagarajan, Allen Thayakumar, Arun Prasath, Kamal A, Ayyappan Velu, Misti Jain, Nilesh Brijwani, Prasad Narayanan, Vikram D. Kekatpure, Biswanath Majumder, Pradip K. Majumder
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is an important signaling axis that is perturbed in majority of cancers. Biomarkers such as pS6RP, GLUT1, and tumor FDG uptake are being evaluated in patient stratification for mTOR pathway inhibitors. In the absence of a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms in tumor signaling, the biomarker strategy for patient stratification is of limited use. Here, we show that no discernible correlation exists between FDG uptake and the corresponding Ki67, GLUT1, pS6RP expression in tumor biopsies from patients with head and neck cancer. Correlation between GLUT1 and pS6RP levels in tumors was observed but elevated pS6RP was noticed even in the absence of concomitant AKT activation, suggesting that other downstream molecules of PI3K/AKT and/or other pathways upstream of mTOR are active in these tumors. Using an ex vivo platform, we identified putative responders to rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor in these tumors. However, rapamycin did not induce antitumor effect in the majority of tumors with activated mTOR, potentially attributable to the observation that rapamycin induces feedback activation of AKT. Accordingly, treatment of these tumors with an AKT inhibitor and rapamycin uniformly resulted in abrogation of mTOR inhibition-induced AKT activation in all tumors but failed to induce antitumor response in a subset. Phosphoproteomic profiling of tumors resistant to dual AKT/mTOR inhibitors revealed differential activation of multiple pathways involved in proliferation and survival. Collectively, our results suggest that, in addition to biomarker-based segregation, functional assessment of a patient's tumor before treatment with mTOR/AKT inhibitors may be useful for patient stratification.
Packages of Care for Dementia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Martin J. Prince, Daisy Acosta, Erico Castro-Costa, Jim Jackson, K. S. Shaji
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

This is the fifth in a series of articles highlighting the delivery of ''packages of care'' for mental health disorders in low-and middleincome countries.Packages of care are combinations of treatments aimed at improving the recognition and management of conditions to achieve optimal outcomes.
Maternally inherited cardiomyopathy: clinical and molecular characterization of a large kindred harboring the A4300G point mutation in mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid
Authors: Carlo Casali, Giulia d’Amati, Paola Bernucci, Luciano DeBiase, Camillo Autore, Filippo M Santorelli, Domenico Coviello, Pietro Gallo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Thyrotoxic atrial fibrillation
Authors: C. Symons
Journal: BMJ (1982)

We now have a copy of the still unpublished manuscript.We are surprised to discover that Dr Fornazzari's study, while it confirms an association between chronic heavy toluene abuse and persistent cerebral impairment, does not support as clearly as Dr King and others suggest the contention that cerebral damage is a direct pharmacological effect of toluene (Fornazzari L, personal communication).Not all of Fornazzari et al's sample of chronic heavy toluene abusers showed evidence of cerebral impairment, nor was there a clear relation between dosage and damage.These facts led them to suggest that mediating factors such as anoxia, malnutrition, or genetic differences might have caused the cerebral impairment they observed.
QT interval prolongation predicts cardiovascular mortality in an apparently healthy population.
Authors: E G Schouten, J M Dekker, P Meppelink, F J Kok, J P Vandenbroucke, J Pool
Journal: Circulation (1991)

In myocardial infarction patients, heart rate-adjusted QT interval (QTc), an electrocardiographic indicator of sympathetic balance, is prognostic for survival.In a 28-year follow-up, the association between QTc and all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischemic heart disease mortality was studied in a population of 3,091 apparently healthy Dutch civil servants and their spouses, aged 40-65 years, who participated in a medical examination during 1953-1954. Moderate (QTc, 420-440 msec) and extensive (QTc, more than 440 msec) QTc prolongations significantly predict all-cause mortality during the first 15 years among men (adjusted respective relative risks [RRs], 1.5 and 1.7) and among women (RRs, 1.7 and 1.6). In men, cardiovascular (RRs, 1.6 and 1.8) and ischemic heart disease mortality (RRs, 1.8 and 2.1) mainly account for this association. In women, the association cannot be attributed specifically to cardiovascular and ischemic heart disease mortality. RRs for a subpopulation without any sign of heart disease at baseline are similar. The same is observed for QTc prolongation after light exercise, although in this situation most associations are not statistically significant, probably because of smaller numbers in the QTc prolongation categories.Our results suggest that QTc contributes independently to cardiovascular risk. If autonomic imbalance is an important mechanism, it might be speculated that changes in life-style (e.g., with regard to physical exercise and smoking) may have a preventive impact.
Closure of postinfarction ventricular septal defect, left ventricular aneurysmectomy, and coronary artery bypass graft: Case report
Authors: Z. Davis, J. B. Borman, U. Freund, S. Stern
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Davis, Z., Borman, J. B., Freund, U., and Stern, S. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 650-652. <b>Closure of postinfarction ventricular septal defect, left ventricular aneurysmectomy, and coronary artery bypass graft: case report.</b> A 59-year-old patient underwent successful concomitant closure of a ventricular septal defect, left ventricular aneurysmectomy, and coronary artery bypass of the obstructed left anterior descending vessel. The operation was carried out electively three months after the myocardial infarction. Postoperative studies showed normal contractility of the left ventricle and complete closure of the ventricular septal defect. Nine months postoperatively the patient is completely well.
GAO: VA Peer Review Process After Adverse Events Not Working
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effect of Comorbidity on 3-Year Survival of Women with Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: William A. Satariano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To determine the effect of comorbidity and stage of disease on 3-year survival in women with primary breast cancer. Design: Longitudinal, observational study. Setting: Metropolitan Detroit. Patients: 936 women ages 40 to 84 years. Measurements: Data on stage of breast cancer, treatment type, and comorbidity were obtained from Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System (MDCSS) files and medical records. Personal interviews were the source of information on social and behavioral factors. Vital status and cause of death were obtained from MDCSS files. Results: Patients who had 3 or more of 7 selected comorbid conditions had a 20-fold higher rate of mortality from causes other than breast cancer and a 4-fold higher rate of all-cause mortality when compared with patients who had no comorbid conditions. The effects of comorbidity were independent of age, disease stage, tumor size, histologic type, type of treatment, race, and social and behavioral factors. Moreover, women with severe comorbid conditions had uniformly higher mortality rates, and early diagnosis in these women conferred no survival advantage. Conclusion: Comorbidity in patients with breast cancer appears to be a strong predictor of 3-year survival, independent of the effects of breast cancer stage. This finding suggests that trials assessing the efficacy of screening should routinely include measures of comorbidity.
Innovators for the 21st Century: Will We Face a Crisis in Biomedical-Research Brainpower?
Authors: Bernadine Healy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

THE future of biomedical research and technological innovation depends first and foremost on talent — on the quality of the biomedical man- and womanpower that is being developed now for tomorrow. The advice that the American educator and former president of Harvard University James Bryant Conant gave in 1945 still holds true: "There is only one proved method of assisting the advancement of pure science — that of picking men of genius, backing them heavily and leaving them to direct themselves."1 Crucial to this formula for advancement is the availability of that manpower (a term I will use here to . . .
Study of cutaneous extensibility in lymphoedema of the lower limbs
Authors: F. AURIOL, L. VAILLANT, C. PELUCIO-LOPES, L. MACHET, S. DIRIDOLLOU, M. BERSON, G. LORETTE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

We have studied changes in the elasticity and viscosity of the skin in patients with lymphoedema, using a technique involving vertical extensibility by suction. We measured parameters which included immediate extensibility (Ue, which reflects the elastic properties of the skin), and delayed extensibility (Uv which reflects intracutaneous movements of a viscous type). In grade III lymphoedema, Ue is decreased and Uv is increased. These changes are explained by volume variations and histological alterations, and tend to normalize after treatment. Our study shows that measurement of extensibility is useful in evaluation of volume variations, effects of therapy, and disease evolution, as Ue variations correlate with volume variations and with Uv changes. This technique also provides information which is useful in assessing patiènts' functional difficulties in relation to skin infiltration, and might be of value in lymphoedema follow‐up.
Conscious Awakenings Are Commonly Associated With Acid Reflux Events in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Choo Hean Poh, Larissa Allen, Anita Gasiorowska, Tomás Navarro–Rodriguez, Stuart F. Quan, Isaac Malagon, Jeannette Powers, Marcia R. Willis, Nicole Ashpole, Ronnie Fass
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2010)
Syndromes of Toluene Sniffing in Adults
Authors: HOWARD Z. STREICHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Clinical and laboratory findings in 25 adults, ages ranging from 18 to 40 years, who were hospitalized for problems related to paint sniffing are presented. All but one were chronically unemployed. Three different patterns of symptoms led to hospitalization: muscle weakness (n = 9), gastrointestinal complaints including abdominal pain and hematemesis (n = 6) and neuropsychiatric disorders including altered mental status, cerebellar abnormalities, and peripheral neuropathy (n = 10). Hypokalemia (n = 13), hypophosphatemia (n = 10), hyperchloremia (n = 22), and hypobicarbonatemia (n = 23) were common. The average serum potassium and phosphorus concentrations of 1.7 mmol/L and 1.5 mg/dL were significantly lower in the muscle weakness group than in the other two groups. Rhabdomyolysis occurred in 10 patients. Hyperchloremic acidosis was found in 19 of 22 patients evaluated. The muscle weakness and gastrointestinal syndromes resolved within 1 to 3 days with abstinence from sniffing and repletion of fluid and electrolyte stores. Inhalation of paint or glue vapors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the symptoms and laboratory findings described above.
Subcommittee Hears Testimony On Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Bill
Authors: J. A. Steele
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Subcommittee Hears Testimony On Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Bill Get access Julie A. Steele Julie A. Steele Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Page 906, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.906 Published: 06 June 1990
Letter to the editor: Successful laser photocoagulation in von willebrand disease: Report of a case with intractable duodenal bleeding
Authors: M. H. Horellou, J. Conard, M. Samama, J. M. Lemeunier, H. Ricome‐Pequignot, F. Besancon, J. Etienne, E. Levy, C. Huguet
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)
THE TREATMENT OF CONGESTIVE FAILURE IN CHILDREN WITH ACTIVE RHEUMATIC FEVER
Authors: BERNARD J. WALSH
Journal: JAMA (1941)

During the past three years we have studied the effects of various drugs on the heart and circulation of forty-four children with congestive failure during active rheumatic fever.<sup>1</sup>It is our purpose in this report to call attention to the aspects of the therapy of congestive heart failure peculiar to children suffering from this disease. <h3>METHODS OF STUDY</h3> More than 200 patients, mostly children, with congestive failure have been given prolonged care at the House of the Good Samaritan from 1920 to 1940. In a series of 44 consecutive patients with heart failure, all of whom were between 3 and 15 years of age, we were able to compare the influence of certain drugs on the failing heart. The effectiveness of a drug was determined by increase in urinary output, lowering of the venous pressure, decrease in the size of the liver and loss of body weight. The usual