tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glucose Pulse
Authors: Maria Pia Francescato, Luigi Cattin, Mario Geat, Elena Tosoratti, Stefano Lazzer, Claudio Noacco, Pietro Enrico di Prampero
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

In type 1 diabetic patients, exercise contributes to enhance insulin sensitivity (1,2) and may help, together with diet and insulin therapy, to achieve and maintain better metabolic control (3,4). However, lack of insulin regulation during exercise leads to frequent metabolic imbalances (5). Fat and carbohydrates are the main substrates for energy production in skeletal muscle during aerobic exercise in well-fed humans (6), with their relative contribution to total energy production being a function of exercise intensity (7–10). Below the anaerobic threshold, both oxygen consumption and heart rate during exercise increase linearly as a function of exercise intensity (6). On the basis of these relationships, the aim of the present study was to verify the possibility of using heart rate to estimate the amount of glucose oxidized during exercise in type 1 diabetic patients as well as in a control group of healthy subjects.

Fifteen type 1 diabetic patients (9 men, 6 women, HbA1c [A1C] 6 ± 1.2%, reference values 4–6%) (11) aged 18–45 years (average 38 ± 6) and 15 healthy subjects (9 men, 6 women, 34 ± 7 years) gave their voluntary consent to participate after being informed on the nature, purpose, and possible risks. Duration of diabetes and mean insulin dose were 17 ± 8 years and 0.52 ± 0.1 IU · kg−1 · day−1, respectively. Average body weight and height were 71 ± 9 kg and 175 ± 9 cm in diabetic patients vs. 70 ± 9 kg and …
Clinical significance of Polycomb gene expression in brain tumors
Authors: Francesco Crea, Elaine M Hurt, William L Farrar
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2010)

Abstract Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are crucial for neural cancer stem cell (NCSC) self-renewal. However, the relative expression levels of PcG genes in different subtypes of brain tumors, their prognostic role and their effects on cellular pathways have not been investigated. For this purpose, we queried the Oncomine database and found that 4 PcG genes (EZH2, RBBP7, SUZ12, YY1) are specifically expressed in brain tumors. EZH2 expression increases with tumor grade in adult and pediatric brain tumors, and is a poor prognostic factor. In glioblastoma, EZH2 inhibits differentiation, and activates cancer-, cell cycle- and cellular movement-related genes. In keeping with previously published data, our results suggest that EZH2 is both a prognostic factor and a promising therapy target in brain tumors.
Place of Death: Correlations With Quality of Life of Patients With Cancer and Predictors of Bereaved Caregivers' Mental Health
Authors: Alexi A. Wright, Nancy L. Keating, Tracy A. Balboni, Ursula A. Matulonis, Susan D. Block, Holly G. Prigerson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

To determine whether the place of death for patients with cancer is associated with patients' quality of life (QoL) at the end of life (EOL) and psychiatric disorders in bereaved caregivers.Prospective, longitudinal, multisite study of patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers (n = 342 dyads). Patients were followed from enrollment to death, a median of 4.5 months later. Patients' QoL at the EOL was assessed by caregiver report within 2 weeks of death. Bereaved caregivers' mental health was assessed at baseline and 6 months after loss with the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, and the Prolonged Grief Disorder interview.In adjusted analyses, patients with cancer who died in an intensive care unit (ICU) or hospital experienced more physical and emotional distress and worse QoL at the EOL (all P ≤ .03), compared with patients who died at home with hospice. ICU deaths were associated with a heightened risk for posttraumatic stress disorder, compared with home hospice deaths (21.1% [four of 19] v 4.4% [six of 137]; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.00; 95% CI, 1.26 to 19.91; P = .02), after adjustment for caregivers' preexisting psychiatric illnesses. Similarly, hospital deaths were associated with a heightened risk for prolonged grief disorder (21.6% [eight of 37] v 5.2% [four of 77], AOR, 8.83; 95% CI, 1.51 to 51.77; P = .02), compared with home hospice deaths.Patients with cancer who die in a hospital or ICU have worse QoL compared with those who die at home, and their bereaved caregivers are at increased risk for developing psychiatric illness. Interventions aimed at decreasing terminal hospitalizations or increasing hospice utilization may enhance patients' QoL at the EOL and minimize bereavement-related distress.
The Treatment Triangle for Staphylococcal Infections
Authors: M Lindsay Grayson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The decline in the development of new antibiotics, the recognition that partial vancomycin resistance may result in some vancomycin treatment failures among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, and the emergence of new community-associated MRSA strains that are genetically unrelated to earlier health care–associated MRSA strains have resulted in a reassessment of how best to treat these infections.15 Basic practices such as separation of infected patients from other types of patients, routine cleaning of shared equipment, and appropriate hand hygiene by health care workers are being rediscovered as vital means of controlling the transmission of MRSA.6 Numerous community-associated MRSA clones . . .
Tubular Chimerism Occurs Regularly in Renal Allografts and Is Not Correlated to Outcome
Authors: Michael Mengel, Danny Jonigk, Magali Marwedel, Wolfram Kleeberger, Martin Bredt, Oliver Bock, Ulrich Lehmann, Wilfried Gwinner, Hermann Haller, Hans Kreipe
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Recent studies have demonstrated an integration of recipient-derived progenitor cells into solid allografts with differentiation into parenchymal cells. Whether or to what extent this phenomenon influences allograft outcome has still to be elucidated. To detect epithelial chimerism tubular cells were harvested from sequential renal allograft biopsy samples by laser microdissection in 36 patients. Recipient-derived cells were detected by short-tandem repeat–based genotyping. In cases with gender-mismatched transplantation, chimerism was semiquantitatively evaluated by in situ hybridization for the Y-chromosome. Findings were correlated to different pathomechanisms of epithelial injury as well as to morphologic and clinical outcome. Epithelial chimerism was detectable as early as 8 d after transplantation and lasted for 8 yr. A total of 88% of the patients showed an epithelial chimerism; 72% had a stable chimerism in sequential biopsy samples. Evaluation of Y-chromosome by in situ hybridization revealed low percentages of chimerical tubular epithelial cells (2.4% to 6.6%). No correlation to morphology was found. Chimerism was detectable in inconspicuous protocol biopsy samples, cases of drug toxicity, and rejected allografts with and without chronic changes. No correlation was found to allograft function. Epithelial microchimerism is an early and persistent phenomenon after renal transplantation. There is no correlation to morphologic or functional outcome. Probably recipient-derived stem cells contribute in a minor fashion to tissue homeostasis, and cell turnover in renal allografts is predominantly enabled by donor cell renewal.
Protease-Resistant Stromal Cell–Derived Factor-1 for the Treatment of Experimental Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Vincent F.M. Segers, Vyacheslav Revin, Weitao Wu, Helen Qiu, Zheng Yan, Richard T. Lee, Anthony Sandrasagra
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Peripheral artery disease is a potentially incapacitating disease for which pharmacological options are limited. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that attracts endothelial progenitor cells and promotes angiogenesis. Therapeutic use of SDF-1 in hindlimb ischemia may be challenged by proteolytic degradation. We hypothesized that protease-resistant variants of SDF-1 can increase blood flow in an experimental model of hindlimb ischemia.We screened a peptide library for mutations in SDF-1 that provide resistance to matrix metalloproteinase cleavage. Recombinant SDF-1 proteins carrying the mutations were designed, expressed, and purified, and activity of mutant proteins was tested with receptor activation assays and in vivo Matrigel plug assays. SSDF-1(S4V), which is resistant to both dipeptidylpeptidase IV/CD26 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 cleavage, was active in vitro and induced angiogenesis in vivo. We then designed and purified fusion proteins of SSDF-1 and SSDF-1(S4V) with the sequence of self-assembling peptide nanofibers for incorporation into nanofibers. In a blinded and randomized hindlimb ischemia mouse study, SSDF-1(S4V) delivery by nanofibers improved blood flow as measured by laser Doppler from 23.1±1.9% (untreated control) to 55.1±5.7% 6 weeks after surgery (P<0.001). Nanofibers alone or SSDF-1 delivered by nanofibers did not improve blood flow. Furthermore, SSDF-1(S4V) delivered by nanofibers increased formation of new arterioles. In vitro, SSDF-1(S4V) attracts smooth muscle cells but does not induce mitosis.SDF-1 engineered to be resistant to dipeptidylpeptidase IV/CD26 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 cleavage and delivered by nanofibers improves blood flow in a model of peripheral artery disease.
Blood Pressure and End-Stage Renal Disease in Men
Authors: Michael J. Klag, Paul K. Whelton, Bryan L. Randall, James D. Neaton, Frederick L. Brancati, Charles E. Ford, Neil B. Shulman, Jeremiah Stamler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

End-stage renal disease in the United States creates a large burden for both individuals and society as a whole. Efforts to prevent the condition require an understanding of modifiable risk factors.
Chemoreduction and Local Ophthalmic Therapy for Intraocular Retinoblastoma
Authors: Debra L. Friedman, Bruce Himelstein, Carol L. Shields, Jerry A. Shields, Michael Needle, David Miller, Greta R. Bunin, Anna T. Meadows
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To study the effectiveness of combined systemic chemotherapy and local ophthalmic therapy for retinoblastoma with the goal of avoiding enucleation and external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, nonrandomized, single-arm clinical trial. Seventy-five eyes were followed in 47 children. Patients were treated with a six-cycle protocol of vincristine, etoposide, and carboplatin. Most (83%) also received ophthalmic treatment (cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, thermotherapy, or plaque radiation therapy) during and/or after the chemotherapy. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 13 months, event-free survival was 74%, with an event defined as enucleation and/or EBRT. Six children required EBRT in seven eyes (9%); five required enucleation of one eye (7%); five required a combination of EBRT and enucleation in six eyes (8%). Reese-Ellsworth groups 1, 2, and 3 eyes had excellent results, with avoidance of EBRT or enucleation in all 39. Treatment of groups 4 and 5 was less successful, with 33% of six eyes and 53% of 30 eyes, respectively, requiring EBRT and/or enucleation. Toxicities from chemotherapy were mild and included cytopenias (89%), fever and neutropenia (28%), infection (9%), and gastrointestinal symptoms, dehydration, and vincristine neurotoxicity (40%). No patients developed a second malignancy, metastatic disease, renal disease, or ototoxicity. CONCLUSION: In retinoblastoma patients with Reese-Ellsworth eye groups 1, 2, or 3, systemic chemotherapy used with local ophthalmic therapies can eliminate the need for enucleation or EBRT without significant systemic toxicity. More effective therapy is required for Reese-Ellsworth eye groups 4 and 5.
Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion at 25 Years
Authors: John Pickup, Harry Keen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is used in selected type 1 diabetic subjects to achieve strict blood glucose control. A quarter of a century after its introduction, world-wide use of CSII is increasing. We review the evidence base that justifies this increase, including effectiveness compared with modern intensified insulin injection regimens and concern about possible complications. Review of controlled trials shows that, in most patients, mean blood glucose concentrations and glycated hemoglobin percentages are either slightly lower or similar on CSII versus multiple insulin injections. However, hypoglycemia is markedly less frequent than during intensive injection therapy. Ketoacidosis occurs at the same rate. Nocturnal glycemic control is improved with insulin pumps, and automatic basal rate changes help to minimize a prebreakfast blood glucose increase (the “dawn phenomenon”) often seen with injection therapy. Patients with “brittle” diabetes characterized by recurrent ketoacidosis are often not improved by CSII, although there may be exceptions. We argue that explicit clinical indications for CSII are helpful; we suggest the principal indications for health service or health insurance–funded CSII should include frequent, unpredictable hypoglycemia or a marked dawn phenomenon, which persist after attempts to improve control with intensive insulin injection regimens. In any circumstances, candidates for CSII must be motivated, willing and able to undertake pump therapy, and adequately psychologically stable. Some diabetic patients with well-defined clinical problems are likely to benefit substantially from CSII and should not be denied a trial of the treatment. Their number is relatively small, as would therefore be the demand on funds set aside for this purpose.
Background Incidence of Late Malapposition After Bare-Metal Stent Implantation
Authors: Vivek M. Shah, Gary S. Mintz, Sue Apple, Neil J. Weissman
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Late stent malapposition has been reported to be an abnormal finding after vascular brachytherapy and, possibly, implantation of drug-eluting stents. It can only be detected if intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is performed at follow-up. However, the "background" frequency of late stent malapposition after bare-metal stent implantation is not known.We studied 206 patients with native artery lesions who had tubular-slotted bare-metal stent implantation and who had IVUS performed at index and after 6+/-3 months of follow-up. There were 9 patients (4.4%) with late malapposition, which is separation of at least 1 stent strut from the arterial wall intima that does not overlap a side-branch, with evidence of blood flow (speckling) behind the strut, and where the immediate postimplantation IVUS revealed complete apposition of the stent to the vessel wall. The location of late malapposition was the stent edge in 8 of 9 patients. The maximum area, length, volume, and arc of late malapposition measured 3.1+/-2.4 mm(2), 3.3+/-2.2 mm, 21+/-27 mm(3), and 110+/-61 degrees, respectively. There was an increase in external elastic membrane (EEM) area (20.7+/-4.9 to 26.9+/-4.2 mm, P=0.0021) and plaque area (10.1+/-3.7 to 14.8+/-3.6 mm, P=0.0022); however, the increase in EEM was greater than the increase in plaque. The area of late malapposition correlated directly with the increase in EEM area (r=0.75, P=0.0205).Late malapposition occurs in 4% to 5% of slotted-tube bare-metal stents, usually at stent edges. The main cause is positive remodeling out of proportion to the increase in peri-stent intimal hyperplasia.
Rheumatoid pneumoconiosis: A study in colliery populations in the East Midlands coalfield
Authors: D. C. Lindars, D. Davies
Journal: Thorax (1967)

The routine chest radiographs of more than 21,000 miners from 23 unselected collieries in the East Midlands have been used for a study of rheumatoid pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis (P.M.F.). A broadened radiological concept of rheumatoid pneumoconiosis was used in diagnosis. The prevalence of simple pneumoconiosis categories 1, 2, and 3 was 5·5%, and of P.M.F. 0·59%. There were 55 cases accepted as rheumatoid pneumoconiosis, a prevalence of 0·26%. Thirty-two of these had positive latex fixation or Rose-Waaler tests for rheumatoid factor. The prevalence of P.M.F. was found to increase with increasing simple pneumoconiosis prevalence. A slight correlation between rheumatoid pneumoconiosis and simple pneumoconiosis prevalence was also found, but the bulk of the increase in P.M.F. was due to non-rheumatoid cases. The latter was closely paralleled in incidence by that of category 3 simple pneumoconiosis. Grouped results showed that rheumatoid pneumoconiosis occurred in between 2·3% and 6·2% of all men affected by pneumoconiosis. When examined on a geographical basis all areas exhibited a similar prevalence of rheumatoid cases, with the exception of Mansfield, where there was a significant excess. This excess was not significant when serologically positive cases only were considered. The findings are discussed in the light of the auto-immune theory for the development of massive lesions in the lungs of coal miners.
The Rheumatoid Foot: Diagnosis, Pathomechanics, and Treatment
Authors: A. St. J. Dixon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

The remainder of the book is concerned with im-the respiratory and alimentary tracts and generally in the munology.The chapters on immunopathology and vicinity of venules in connective tissue.The cell appears to laboratory investigations are largely complementary to function as an exocrine unit capable of generating and earlier chapters and somewhat repetitive.Thus, 'vas-releasing a number of pharmacologically active materials, culitis' features early in the book in differential diagnosis some well known, such as histamine, and others less well of skin diseases and arthritis, in chapters on systemic known, such as chemotactic factors, tissue damaging arteritis and related disorders, in a chapter on its own on enzymes, and heparin.Its potential for pharmacological vasculitis and immune complex disease, and again in a control of vascular permeability, spasm of smooth muscle, chapter on serum sickness.Much of the remaining cell traffic, and tissue damage and repair is obvious, and,
Response to: ‘Five Factor Score in patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg–Strauss; EGPA): to use or not to use?’ by Moiseev and Novikov
Authors: Maxime Samson, Loïc Guillevin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Moiseev and Novikov's comments on the five-factor score (FFS) for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) provide the opportunity to address the contribution of scores and their use.1 The FFS was designed to evaluate necrotising vasculitis prognosis and identify manifestations associated with death: those are its only roles. Its strength is its validation on 1108 patients with different vasculitides, including 230 with EGPA, that is, sufficient to validate its use.2 ,3 Saying that only cardiac involvement in FFS applies to EGPA is erroneous. Although a concomitant atherosclerotic process cannot be excluded, each patient's cardiac symptoms were reviewed to confirm that they were EGPA related and not attributable …
Src tyrosine kinase is crucial for potassium channel function in human pulmonary arteries
Authors: Chandran Nagaraj, Bi Tang, Zoltán Bálint, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Andelko Hrzenjak, Grazyna Kwapiszewska, Elvira Stacher, Joerg Lindenmann, E. Kenneth Weir, Horst Olschewski, Andrea Olschewski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The potassium channel TWIK-related acid sensitive potassium (TASK)-1 channel, together with other potassium channels, controls the low resting tone of pulmonary arteries. The Src family tyrosine kinase (SrcTK) may control potassium channel function in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) in response to changes in oxygen tension and the clinical use of a SrcTK inhibitor has resulted in partly reversible pulmonary hypertension. This study aimed to determine the role of SrcTK in hypoxia-induced inhibition of potassium channels in hPASMCs. We show that SrcTK is co-localised with the TASK-1 channel. Inhibition of SrcTK decreases potassium current density and results in considerable depolarisation, while activation of SrcTK increases potassium current in patch-clamp recordings. Moderate hypoxia and the SrcTK inhibitor decrease the tyrosine phosphorylation state of the TASK-1 channel. Hypoxia also decreases the level of phospho-SrcTK (tyr419) and reduces the co-localisation of the TASK-1 channel and phospho-SrcTK. Corresponding to this, hypoxia reduces TASK-1 currents before but not after SrcTK inhibition and, in the isolated perfused mouse lung, SrcTK inhibitors increase pulmonary arterial pressure. We propose that the SrcTK is a crucial factor controlling potassium channels, acting as a cofactor for setting a negative resting membrane potential in hPASMCs and a low resting pulmonary vascular tone.
Quality of life and psychological distress in patients with cutaneous lymphoma
Authors: F. Sampogna, M. Frontani, G. Baliva, G.A. Lombardo, G. Alvetreti, C. Di Pietro, S. Tabolli, G. Russo, D. Abeni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Quality of life and psychological distress in patients with cutaneous lymphoma Get access F. Sampogna, F. Sampogna Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Frontani, M. Frontani Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Baliva, G. Baliva Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.A. Lombardo, G.A. Lombardo Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Alvetreti, G. Alvetreti Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Di Pietro, C. Di Pietro Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Tabolli, S. Tabolli Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Russo, G. Russo Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IDI‐IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy Correspondence: Giandomenico Russo. E‐mail: russo@idi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Abeni D. Abeni Health Services Research Unit, 3rd Dermatological Unit Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 4, 1 April 2009, Pages 815–822, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08992.x Published: 01 April 2009