tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insulin, Glucose, and Potassium in the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: S. P. Allison, C. J. Morley, C. J. Burns-Cox
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A daily infusion of 500-1,000 ml of 50% glucose containing 100-120 units of soluble insulin and 100-120 mEq of potassium chloride per litre was given to six patients suffering from hyponatraemia and congestive cardiac failure resistant to digoxin and diuretic therapy. In two patients there was no response, but four showed a striking improvement with a sodium and water diuresis, a rise in plasma sodium level, and in two cases a reversion from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. It is suggested that insulin, glucose, and potassium given by the intravenous route in adequate dosage forms a useful adjunct to the management of severe congestive heart failure.
Ethnic minority doctors more likely to face GMC
Authors: L Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Doctors from ethnic minority groups in Britain are six times more likely than white colleagues to be brought before the conduct committee of the General Medical Council (GMC), according to research released last week by the Medical Practitioners' Union. Dr Sam Everington and Dr Aneez Esmail found that between 1982 and 1991 a total of 402 doctors had been brought before the committee, of whom nearly 60% were from ethnic minorities. Fewer than one in five doctors in Britain is from an ethnic minority.

The authors, who studied data collected from the minutes of the committee's proceedings, …
Higher Prostaglandin E2 Production by Dendritic Cells from Subjects with Asthma Compared with Normal Subjects
Authors: Julie A. Long, Mirjana Fogel-Petrovic, Darryl A. Knight, Philip J. Thompson, John W. Upham
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders through their ability to interact with T cells to initiate and amplify helper T cell Type 2 immune responses. The mechanisms by which this occurs are not completely understood, nor is it clear whether DC function differs between normal individuals and individuals with asthma. We compared the function of DCs from 10 subjects with allergic asthma and 10 normal individuals, focusing on the production of prostaglandin E (PGE) 2, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-12 p70, mediators that play an important role in helper T cell Type 1/Type 2 polarization. Monocyte-derived DCs were established by culturing monocytes with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-4 for 7 days, and then stimulated with LPS plus IFN-γ. PGE2, IL-10, and IL-12 production was evaluated by ELISA, whereas cyclooxygenase-1, and -2 messenger RNA expression was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. LPS-stimulated monocyte-derived DCs from individuals with asthma exhibited increased PGE2 and IL-10 production, but equivalent IL-12 p70 synthesis, when compared with DCs from normal subjects. Increased PGE2 synthesis by DCs from subjects with asthma was associated with an increase in cyclooxygenase-2 messenger RNA expression. These findings support the notion that DC function is significantly altered in allergic asthma.
Efficacy of thymosin ?1 in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Rong-Nan Chien, Yun-Fan Liaw, Tse-Ching Chen, Chau-Ting Yeh, I.-Shyan Sheen
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Thymosin alpha1 (Talpha) is an immune modifier that has been shown in a pilot study to be effective for chronic hepatitis B; this requires confirmation. Ninety-eight patients with clinicopathologically proven chronic hepatitis B were randomly allocated to 3 groups: 1) group A received a 26-week course of Talpha with a 1.6-mg subcutaneous injection two times a week (T6 group); 2) group B received the same regimen as group A, but Talpha therapy extended for 52 weeks (T12 group); and 3) group C served as a control group and was followed up for 18 months without specific treatment (T0 group). The three groups were comparable in clinicohistological features at entry. The complete virological response rate (clearance of serum hepatitis B virus [HBV] DNA and hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]) was higher in group A (40.6%) and group B (26.5%) than in group C (9.4%) (group A vs. group C: P=.004; group B vs. group C: P=.068) when assessed 18 months after entry, although complete response rates among these three groups were similar when first assessed at the end of therapy. There was a trend for complete virological response to increase or accumulate gradually after the end of Talpha therapy. None of the responders lost hepatitis B surface antigen. Blinded histological assessment showed a significant improvement in treated patients, particularly in lobular necroinflammation and scores excluding fibrosis. No significant side effects were observed. These results suggest that a 26-week course of Talpha therapy is effective and safe in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Probable genetic linkage between genes coding for platelet‐specific antigens of the PI<sup>A</sup> and bak systems
Authors: Steven J. Letellier, Jay B. Hunter, Richard H. Aster
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Studies of the inheritance of the platelet‐specific alloantigens PI A1 /Pl A2 and Bak a /Bak b in informative families provided evidence that the genes determining Pl A and Bak antigens are in close genetic linkage ( P = .004). In 154 normal, unrelated Caucasian subjects it was found that the antigen PI A1 is associated with Bak a and the antigen PI A2 with Bak b more often than would be expected by chance ( P &lt; .05). Bak and PI A antigens are carried on platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, respectively, which are decreased or absent in the inherited platelet disorder Glazmann's thrombasthenia. Thus, the findings suggest that the defect in this disease involves two closely linked genes.
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in Spontaneous Perforation of the Common Bile Duct
Authors: JOEL M. ROSEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 7-week-old infant had jaundice and ascites. Sonographic evaluation confirmed the presence of ascites, but was otherwise unremarkable. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy revealed a collection of radiotracer at the inferior margin of the liver on initial images, followed by diffuse intraperitoneal activity on subsequent images, indicating biliary perforation. Surgical exploration confirmed a diagnosis of spontaneous perforation of the common bile duct.
Simian virus-40 large-T antigen binds p53 in human mesotheliomas
Authors: Michele Carbone, Paola Rizzo, Philip M. Grimley, Antonio Procopio, Daphne J.Y. Mew, Viji Shridhar, Andrea De Bartolomeis, Vincenzo Esposito, Maria Teresa Giuliano, Seth M. Steinberg, Arthur S. Levine, Antonio Giordano, Harvey I. Pass
Journal: Nature Medicine (1997)
Colorado IDDM Registry: Lower Incidence of IDDM in Hispanics Comparison of Disease Characteristics and Care Patterns in Biethnic Population
Authors: Elizabeth C Gay, Richard F Hamman, Phyllis J Carosone-Link, Dennis C Lezotte, Magdalena Cook, Robert Stroheker, Georgeanna Klingensmith, H Peter Chase
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

The Colorado IDDM Registry identifies newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) throughout the state. Hispanics in Colorado are a racial mixture of American Indian and White populations. Because American Indians have a low risk of IDDM, and differing frequencies of HLA antigens and haplotypes are reported for Hispanics and non-Hispanics, we compared incidence rates and disease characteristics. Eligible participants were &amp;lt;18 yr of age and Colorado residents at time of diagnosis, diagnosed between 1 January 1978 and 31 December 1983, and on insulin within 2 wk of diagnosis. Subjects were reported by their physicians, and statewide validation of reporting was conducted through review of hospital discharge indexes. Incidence rates for Hispanics (n = 76) were significantly lower than those for non-Hispanics (n = 628), although 95% confidence intervals overlapped for children aged 10–17 yr. Age-adjusted rates were significantly lower in Hispanic than non- Hispanic males, whereas age-adjusted rates for females did not differ. The cumulative risk of IDDM was less for Hispanic males aged 0–17 yr than for non-Hispanic males (P &amp;lt; .001); cumulative risk among females was not different (P = .10). Clinical onset characteristics and medical care at diagnosis were similar. After diagnosis, hospitalizations per 100 person-yr appeared higher in Hispanics, but ketoacidosis and insulin reactions per 100 person-yr were similar. Difference in rate of hospitalizations may have been due to lower response rates among older non-Hispanics. From the data, it appeared that Hispanics and non-Hispanics had similar disease characteristics and therefore probably the same disease. Further genetic and environmental studies are needed to understand the patterns of Hispanic agespecific incidence rates.
Superficial Gastritis
Authors: H. M. Spiro, R. D. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

ALTHOUGH the gastric glands secrete some of their enzyme product into the blood as a "reflection" of gastric secretion, pepsin levels in the blood or urine indicate potential, not concomitant, gastric secretion.1 , 2 It is the purpose of this paper to present further observations that, together with gastric-biopsy material, emphasize a possible role of superficial gastritis in accounting for some of the divergences between gastric secretion and the level of blood pepsin or uropepsin.MethodsBlood pepsin levels, gastric pepsin and pH were measured by methods previously described.3 The range of normal blood pepsin levels in this laboratory is between 200 . . .
Small intestinal absorption and tolerance of enteral nutrition in acute colitis.
Authors: S S Rao, C D Holdsworth, A R Forrest
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Dans 7 cas de colite ulcerative totale severe et 2 de colite de Crohn, une alimentation enterale par sonde nasogastrique administree pendant 6 j amene une amelioration significative: reduction du poids et de la frequence des selles, de l'anorexie, du tenesme, de la douleur, de la vitesse de sedimentation, de la perte de poids
Metastatic Follicular Carcinoma Associated With Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Francisco Ros??rio, Ana Rita Marques, L??cia Roque, Raquel Rodrigues, Teresa C. Ferreira, Edward Limbert, Lu??s Sobrinho, Valeriano Leite
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Purpose: A 68-year-old man with metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma had T3 hyperthyroidism. Material and Methods: A bone scan showed intense uptake in the thyroid and multiple areas of increased uptake in the skeleton. Hyperthyroidism persisted after total thyroidectomy. Treatment with I-131 induced a transient state of euthyroidism lasting approximately 9 months. Further tumor growth and relapse of hyperthyroidism eventually occurred and the patient died 25 months after surgery. Molecular and cytogenetic analyses were performed. Results: No mutations were detected of either of the thyrotropin receptor or of the α subunit of the stimulatory guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins. Hyperthyroidism was unlikely the result of thyroid-stimulating receptor antibodies. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed that the tumor was characterized by multiple chromosomal imbalances. Conclusions: This is an unusual case of follicular thyroid carcinoma with initial high I-131 uptake by the thyroid and bone metastases and concurrent hyperthyroidism. Despite the increased I-131 uptake in the tumor, I-131 treatment only transiently controlled the hyperthyroidism and had no effect on tumor size. The cause of hyperthyroidism remained unknown. T3 predominance was unlikely the result of type 2 deiodinase overexpression because loss of genetic material was demonstrated at chromosome 14 long arm, where type 2 deiodinase is mapped.
Remarks ON SOME CASES IN GENERAL SURGERY
Authors: G. B. Ferguson
Journal: BMJ (1902)

I HIOPE that the following brief notes of cases, which have been more or less recently under my care in the Cheltenham Hospital, may be considered of sufficient interest to justify their publication. CASE I.Gastrostomyfor Cancer of the Lower Part of the Oesophagus.W. D., aged 66, was admitted at the beginning ofMay, I9OI.His appetite had begun to fail one year previously.Vomiting began six months before his admission and had been occasional ever since.Three months ago he noticed that he was getting thinner.About two months before his admisssion he found that he could no longer swallow solids, and when he was admitted he could hardly swallow liquids.No growth was palpable, though aprobang was arrested near the stomach.About two months previously he began to feel a pain in the lower part
FRACTURE OF THE ODONTOID PROCESS AND PARTIAL DISLOCATION OF THE ATLAS WITHOUT COMPRESSION OF THE CORD
Authors: G. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1924)

MAAcTT 1 rt.o1z2A1 RECURRENT LARYNGEAL PARALYSIS.[r M .PC,BrJIA CsSC 465In these days, when lay criticism of, and intrusion into, delicate medical findings is apt to be pronounced and over- whelming, it may be well to be reinforced, as regards the critical public duty of small-pox diagnosis, with clinical methods which have stood the test of experience; which are simple to remember, simple and quick to apply, simple in interpretation, yielding results which are correct, easily recorded, convincing, and permanent for subsequent reference by means of observations, every repetition of which materially fortifies and heightens a sound and correct judgement.
Complications of Nasoenteric Tubes
Authors: Ronald M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Aronchick et al<sup>1</sup>provided a useful discussion of complications related to malpositioned nasoenteric and nasogastric tubes. However, their review of the "few published reports" of this problem only cited injury to the pharynx, esophagus, tracheobronchial tree, and the rest of the upper gastrointestinal tract. They did not mention perhaps the most serious complications of such tubes: intracranial penetration. Bouzarth<sup>2</sup>reviewed five reported cases of intracranial penetration of a nasogastric tube. Each occurred after severe maxillofacial trauma. Four of the five patients died, although the extent of their injuries made it impossible to determine the degree to which the malpositioned tube contributed to the fatal outcome. The authors of these reports variously recommend that when extensive maxillofacial trauma occurs, nasogastric intubation should be performed only under direct endoscopic visualization, or through a precurved nasopharyngeal airway. Alternatively, gastric intubation through the oral cavity should be performed, also
DARIER'S DISEASE WITH CYSTIC CHANGES IN THE BONES.*
Authors: A. S. THAMBIAH, U. SRIDHAR RAO, RUTH ANNAMALAI, C. M. DAVID
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article DARIER'S DISEASE WITH CYSTIC CHANGES IN THE BONES. Get access A. S. THAMBIAH, M.B., K.R.C.P.(Ed.), A. S. THAMBIAH, M.B., K.R.C.P.(Ed.) Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. SRIDHAR RAO, B.Sc, M.B., U. SRIDHAR RAO, B.Sc, M.B. Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar RUTH ANNAMALAI, B.Sc, M.D., RUTH ANNAMALAI, B.Sc, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Madras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. M. DAVID, M.D. C. M. DAVID, M.D. Department of Pathology, Kilpauk Medical College, Madras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 2, 1 February 1966, Page 87, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12179.x Published: 01 February 1966
Post-operative Vomiting: Effect of Nicotinic Acid
Authors: W. W. Mushin, H. M. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1944)

higher figure, given in three separate eight-hourly doses, and as there have been no untoward results in any of our cases this dosage may be taken as reasonably safe.Published reslUlts, however, show that the margin of safety is a narrow one, apart from the possibility of idiosyncrasy, and it is essential to control the treatment by daily estimation of the prothrombin, bleeding, or clotting time.The first is the most accurate, but in our cases of already established thrombosis we have found it adequate to rely on the other two.The curves obtained parallel control prothrombin-time curves almost exactly, and their calculation is consequently easier for routine ward work.The blood reaction to dicoumarin given in the dosage suggested is variable, but Ess a rule there is an average daily rise in the coagulation time of one minute, beginning 24 hours or more after the first dose.This is independent of the initial normal clotting time, which itself varies in different patients and in the same patient at different times.The time increases more or less steadily for several days, after which it remains stationary or may even be reduced, in spite of the continued ingestion of dicoumarin.The effect persists for two or three days after the drug is stopped, and the coagulation rate is usually back to normal in a fortnight.We have, however, met two striking exceptions in which the clotting time remained considerably higher than the initial normal for several months.This suggests the need for extreme care in prescribing dicoumarin for patients who have been treated with it before. ResultsNICOTINIC ACID FOR POST-OPERATIVE VOMITING BRITISH of no vomiting at all, and, in those who did vomit, towards a reduction in incidence of post-operative vomiting.TABLE II Treatment Did not Vomit Vomited Toa Treatment Post-operatively Post-operatively Total Nicotinic acid .. 17 (28-8") 42 (71-2%) 59 Control .. .. 6 (20%) 24 (80%) 30 Total ... 23 66 89 SummaryThe effect of nicotinic acid on post-operative vomiting was studied in two groups of patients.In one group it was given both preoperatively and post-operatively, and in the other as post-operative treatment alone.The doses were 50 mg.two-hourly.A control series was studied.In all three groups as many factors as possible were kept constant.No statistica'ly significant effect on the incidence of post-operative vomiting was observed as a result of administering nicotinic acid.We wish to thank Stuart Cowan, D.Sc., for his help and advice.
Hyperlipidemia and Pancreatitis during Pregnancy in Two Sisters with a Mutation in the Lipoprotein Lipase Gene
Authors: Leonard M. Keilson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objective: To explore genetic mechanisms for pregnancy-associated pancreatitis and hyperlipidemia in two sisters. Design: Case history. Setting: Tertiary care facility with outpatient follow-up. Patients: Two sisters with acute pancreatitis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome were admitted (patient 1) or transferred (patient 2) to an intensive care setting with severely elevated triglyceride levels. Patient 1 was in the last trimester of pregnancy; patient 2 was 1 month postpartum. Both patients were of French Canadian ancestry. Intervention: Acute treatment was directed at stabilizing both patients medically (with fat restriction) and one patient surgically (patient 2). Treatment with fat restriction, weight loss, and gemfibrozil was continued after hospitalization. Results: Through DNA sequencing, we detected a mutation at amino acid residue 188 of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), reflecting product from one allele of the LPL gene in which a glutamine residue was substituted for a glycine (gly188→glu). Conclusion: LPL plays a key role in regulating triglyceride levels in pregnancy. Mutations of LPL may place the patient at risk for pancreatitis. This heterozygous LPL mutation, gly 188→glu, is prevalent in certain ethnic groups and may be a common cause of pancreatitis associated with pregnancy.
Grand Challenges in Global Health: Engaging Civil Society Organizations in Biomedical Research in Developing Countries
Authors: Anant Bhan, Jerome A Singh, Ross E. G Upshur, Peter A Singer, Abdallah S Daar
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

In October 2005 the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation announced an approximately US$450 million sponsorship of 44 innovative projects under the auspices of its Grand Challenges in Global Health (GCGH) initiative. As described in the opening article in this series we serve as an advisory service on ethical social and cultural (ESC) issues for these projects. We are exploring a range of ESC issues identified by the GCGH investigators and independently by developing world key informants in a study published as the second paper in this series. The investigators and key informants placed particular emphasis on the importance of engaging with CSOs in research and therefore we prepared a conceptual paper on this topic which we distributed as a working paper to GCGH investigators and program staff at the 2nd Annual GCGH Meeting held in Washington D. C. in October 2006. This work represents the final version of our analysis. Our article aims to delineate different types of CSOs their role in biomedical research and the advantages and challenges of working with them. We stress that despite the challenges it is in the best interests of science and researchers working in the developing world to identify and engage with CSOs. We also argue that there is a need for empirical research on best practice models of CSO-researcher engagements and for evaluation of these models. (excerpt)
Interruption versus continuation of trabectedin in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (T-DIS): a randomised phase 2 trial
Authors: Axel Le Cesne, Jean-Yves Blay, Julien Domont, Emmanuelle Tresch-Bruneel, Christine Chevreau, François Bertucci, Corinne Delcambre, Esma Saada-Bouzid, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Olivier Mir, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Thomas Ryckewaert, Thibaud Valentin, Nicolas Isambert, Antoine Italiano, Stéphanie Clisant, Nicolas Penel
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Degradation of and tissue reaction to biodegradable poly(L-lactide) for use as internal fixation of fractures: a study in rats
Authors: R.R.M. Bos, F.B. Rozema, G. Boering, A.J. Nijenhius, A.J. Pennings, A.B. Verwey, P. Nieuwenhuis, H.W.B. Jansen
Journal: Biomaterials (1991)