tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improved Serum Insulin Profiles in Diabetic Individuals Who Massaged Their Insulin Injection Sites
Authors: Richard S Dillon
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients were studied on two consecutive mornings when they injected their usual morning mixtures of insulin. One morning they massaged their insulin injection sites 15 min after the injection. Free insulin levels rose 10.14 ± 9.91 μU/ml higher (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and serum glucose levels fell 8.3% lower (P &amp;lt; 0.05) 30 min after massage than on the control study day.
Abstract 2626: Characterization of the invading cells in glioblastoma using a syngeneic intracranial transplant tumor model.
Authors: Nailing Zhang, Yurong Song, Sanaz Jansen, Amit Adhikari, Sophie Wang, Lucy Lu, Teresa Sullivan, Terry Van Dyke
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Local and distant invasion is a hallmark property of glioblastoma (GBM) that prevents curative surgical resection, and may be the key reason for GBM recurrence. Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been suggested to cause tumor recurrence based on their resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it is not clear whether CSCs are also involved in GBM invasiveness. We hypothesize that the invading cells in GBM have stem-like properties. To test our hypothesis, we propose to characterize cells at the invasive front of GBM using a syngeneic intracranial transplant tumor model. Three core regulatory networks are dysregulated in most human GBMs, including the RTK/RAS/PI3K/PTEN, INK/Cyclin D/CDK/RB, and ARF/p53 pathways. We have previously generated a genetically engineered mouse (GEM) model for GBM development via adult-inducible astrocyte-specific perturbation of RB, K-RAS and PTEN. These mice develop astrocytomas that progress to high grade GBM, and faithfully recapitulate the histopathology and molecular characteristics of most human GBMs. We have isolated primary tumor cells from these mice that are maintained in serum-free neural stem cell culture medium and expanded as neurospheres. These primary and low-passage cultures contain a mixed population of cancer stem cells and progenitor cells, and are highly invasive in vitro by matrigel invasion assay. With &amp;gt; 90% penetrance, intracranial injection of 25,000 cells leads to invasive GBM formation and a 32-day median survival in syngeneic host mice. Thus, the model provides an efficient approach for dissecting GBM cell invasion mechanisms in vivo. We will further trace the migration/invasion of GBM cells in the host brain after labeling with lentiviral-expressed mCherry. Host blood vessels are labeled with YFP via Tie2-Cre endothelial expression of a Rosa26-YFP allele. A time course analysis of stem cell marker expression will be used to assess properties of invading cells at the diffusive tumor margin. Laser capture microdissection will be used for invasive rim-cell and non-invasive core-cell isolation, and RNA samples will be compared by unbiased transcriptome studies. Results will provide hypotheses for invasion mechanisms and may identify potential biomarkers for invasive cells. Citation Format: Nailing Zhang, Yurong Song, Sanaz Jansen, Amit Adhikari, Sophie Wang, Lucy Lu, Teresa Sullivan, Terry Van Dyke. Characterization of the invading cells in glioblastoma using a syngeneic intracranial transplant tumor model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2626. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2626
Osteopenia and Bone Fractures in a Man With Anorexia Nervosa and Hypogonadism
Authors: Nancy A. Rigotti
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Women with anorexia nervosa have reduced skeletal mass. Both anorexia and osteopenia are less common in men. We describe a 22-year-old man with anorexia nervosa and severe osteopenia involving both cortical and trabecular bone who developed a pelvic fracture and multiple vertebral compression fractures. He was found to have secondary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism that was reversible with weight gain. This case illustrates the need to consider osteopenia as a potential complication of anorexia nervosa in males as well as females.
Paradigmatic Shifts in the Management of Breast Cancer
Authors: I. Craig Henderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

It has been almost exactly 100 years since William Halsted published his seminal report on the use of radical mastectomy “for the cure of cancer of the breast,”1 and it is fitting that this issue of the Journal includes the long-term results of two randomized trials evaluating treatment for breast cancer that might be cured with mastectomy alone.2,3 Halsted's ideas and his operation dominated our thinking about the treatment of breast cancer until approximately 25 years ago, when a major paradigmatic shift began. The premises underlying the Halsted approach were that metastases occurred by centrifugal and contiguous spread from . . .
TREATMENT OF OBLIQUE FRACTURES.
Authors: C. K. COLE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

To discuss the treatment of oblique fractures and not consider "retentive apparatus" and mechanical means, such as are usually employed, necessarily limits what may be said, and I will premise my remarks with the statement that these thoughts may not always incline strictly to the narrow limits of my subject. Certain general principles applicable in the treatment of all forms of fractures are so well understood that it is not considered necessary to discuss them here at length, while certain other ideas not usually discussed at length in the text-books, may receive fuller consideration. Agnew, in his article on "Injuries and Diseases of the Osseous System," says concerning the treatment of fractures, "there is but one indication in the treatment of fractures, and that is to secure the union of the broken bone with the least possible deformity, and this single thought is to animate the surgeon during the entire
Inhibition of Allergic Inflammation in a Murine Model of Asthma by Expression of a Dominant-Negative Mutant of GATA-3
Authors: Dong-Hong Zhang, Liyan Yang, Lauren Cohn, Lisa Parkyn, Robert Homer, Prabir Ray, Anuradha Ray
Journal: Immunity (1999)

The cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, secreted by Th2 cells, have distinct functions in the pathogenesis of asthma. We have previously shown that the transcription factor GATA-3 is expressed in Th2 but not Th1 cells. However, it was unclear whether GATA-3 controls the expression of all Th2 cytokines. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant of GATA-3 in mice in a T cell–specific fashion led to a reduction in the levels of all the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Airway eosinophilia, mucus production, and IgE synthesis, all key features of asthma, were severely attenuated in the transgenic mice. Thus, targeting GATA-3 activity alone is sufficient to blunt Th2 responses in vivo, thereby establishing GATA-3 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma and allergic diseases.
Women spend more of their life with a disability than men
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Women on average live longer than men but spend more of their life with a disability, latest figures from the Office for National Statistics show.1

The analysis, using data from the 2011 census, also shows that people living in clinical commissioning groups in the north of England live more years with a disability compared with those living in the south of England.

Disability free life expectancy is a useful measure for health and social care resource planning. Respondents …
The role of acetylcholine in hallucinatory perception
Authors: John Raymond Smythies
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

This commentary reviews and extends the target article's treatment of the topic of the role of acetylcholine in hallucinatory experience in health and disease. Particular attention is paid to differentiating muscarinic and nicotinic effects in modulating the use of virtual reality mechanisms by the brain. Then, attention is drawn to the similarities between these aspects of brain function and certain aspects of television digital compression technology.
Fixed Drug Eruption to Carisoprodol and Cross Reaction with Meprobamate
Authors: Wesley M. Honeycutt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THERE HAVE BEEN only a few reports of drug eruptions from the muscle relaxant carisoprodol. Careful review of the medical literature has failed to reveal any reports of a fixed eruption from this drug. The purpose of this paper is to report the first case of fixed drug eruption from carisoprodol, and the first incidence of cross reaction between this drug and meprobamate.  Carisoprodol, or isopropyl meprobamate, is Nisopropyl-2-methyl-2-propyl-1, 3-propanediol dicarbamate, and its chemical formula is given in Figure 1. Most of the reported eruptions occurring from treatment with carisoprodol have been urticarial, erythematous, or maculopapular. In practically all reports of clinical trials with this drug, drowsiness has been a relatively common side effect, but has been severe enough to warrant discontinuation or lowering of the dosage in only a few persons.  Report of a Case  A 45-year-old female has been followed and treated for subacute lupus erythematosus in the
Can Mental Health Be Included in the Health Maintenance Organization?
Authors: ROBERT W. GIBSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

It seems evident that forthcoming changes in the health care system will include the development of health maintenance organizations. Prepaid group practice plans, a prototype of the HMO, have usually offered only modest mental health benefits, although there have been substantial improvements in recent years; utilization and costs under these programs have been low. The author discusses the barriers to inclusion of mental health benefits in HMOs, compares HMOs with community mental health centers, and calls upon psychiatrists to take an active role in ensuring not only that a mental health component be made an integral part of every HMO but that linkages be established between HMOs and other parts of the mental health care system.
THE TREATMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER BY A SPECIFIC SERUM.
Authors: JOHN ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The most generally accepted theory of the direct causation of the symptoms of exophthalmic goiter, or Graves' disease, is overactivity of the thyroid gland, and the active portion of its secretion is similarly believed to be a globulin containing iodin, called thyroglobulin. In the attempt to neutralize this secretion or check its production several schemes for serum or allied methods of treatment have been tried. Among these may be mentioned the serum of thyroidectomized dogs drawn after the animal had been operated on and had developed symptoms of athyroidism; the serum of a patient suffering from fully developed myxedema; the serum and the fresh and dried blood and the fresh and dried milk of the thyroidectomized goats, commonly known as Möbius serum; the serum of herbivorous animals which had been fed for varying lengths of time on the thyroid glands of animals of another species, and the serum of animals
Inhibition of human monocyte functions by anthralin
Authors: U. MROWIETZ, M. FALSAFI, J.-M. SCHRODER, E. CHRISTOPHERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Summary Anthralin is a well-established and widely used compound for topical treatment of psoriasis. In recent years attention has been focused on the anti-inflammatory properties of anthralin, with particular reference to psoriasis. In this study the effect of anthralin on human monocyte chemotaxis, superoxide-anion generation, and enzyme degranulation, were investigated. For comparison, the effect of the clinically inactive anthralin derivative danthrone and the solvent (acetone) were also studied. The results show that anthralin potently inhibits stimulated human monocyte superoxide-anion generation and enzyme degranulation, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of as low as 0.02 μg/ml. Chemotactic migration of monocytes, however, was only affected when very high doses of anthralin (10 μg/ml) were used for pretreatment of the cells. Danthrone, up to a concentration of 10 μg/ml, or acetone alone (0.1%, v/v), did not inhibit the monocyte functions tested. Our results indicate that anthralin at pharmacological concentrations is a potent and selective inhibitor of human monocyte pro-inflammatory activities, by inhibiting respiratory burst activity (e.g. superoxide-anion generation) and enzyme degranulation, without affecting chemotactic migration.
AT-02 * INTRATUMORAL DELIVERY OF THE RETROVIRAL REPLICATING VECTOR (RRV) TOCA 511 IN SUBJECTS WITH RECURRENT HIGH GRADE GLIOMA: INTERIM REPORT OF PHASE 1 STUDY (NCT 01156584)
Authors: M. Aghi, M. A. Vogelbaum, S. Kesari, C. C. Chen, L. M. Liau, D. Piccioni, J. Portnow, S. Chang, J. M. Robbins, T. Boyce, T. T. Huang, D. Pertschuk, D. Ostertag, T. F. Cloughesy
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: High grade glioma (HGG) remains resistant to standard therapies. Newer approaches, such as immunotherapy, hold great promise. Viral infection and killing of tumor cells can stimulate antitumor immune responses. A Phase 1 clinical study using an investigational retroviral replicating vector, Toca 511, injected intratumorally, in combination with investigational oral Toca FC (extended-release 5-FC) is being conducted. METHODS: The primary purpose of this study is to identify the highest safe and well tolerated dose of Toca 511 administered transcranially into recurrent HGG tumors. The starting dose was 3.9 x 10^6 Transducing Units (TU). Using a standard 3 + 3 design, doses have been escalated at half log intervals to 1.5 x 10^9 TU. 24 subjects were injected using a brain biopsy needle. Addition of gadolinium to the vector with post-operative iMRI suggested variable delivery of vector to the tumor. Subsequently 12 subjects have been treated using CED under real-time MRI-guidance. Monthly cycles of oral 5-FC are started 4 weeks after injection of the vector. RESULTS: 36 subjects across 5 vector dosing cohorts have been studied. Real-time MRI-guidance demonstrated vector delivery with confirmation of vector RNA and CD protein in tumor samples. The injection procedures and vector and 5-FC dosing have been safe and well tolerated to date. No DLTs have been observed. Tumors have been observed to regress in the area around vector infusion and some subjects have experienced improvement in clinical symptoms. A number of subjects have experienced prolonged survival with 8 of the first 17 subjects with Grade 4 tumors surviving more than 1 year. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the feasibility and safety of transcranial, intratumoral delivery of an RRV. Continued dose escalation is planned and may yield further gains in efficacy.
The Changing Pattern of Low Birth Weight in the United States 1970 to 1980
Authors: Samuel S. Kessel
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Analysis of US Natality Statistics using a bivariate (birth weight-gestational age) approach shows that trends among term-low-birth-weight infants (less than or equal to 2,500 g; greater than or equal to 37 weeks, term low birth weight) and preterm-low-birth-weight infants (less than or equal to 2,500 g; less than 37 weeks, preterm low birth weight) have different patterns over time and by race. Between 1970 and 1980 the incidence of preterm low birth weight for all races declined 7.1%, while the term-low-birth-weight incidence declined almost three times as much (20.9%). The incidence of preterm low birth weight among white infants, during the same period, declined 9.0% with the black preterm-low-birth-weight rate declining by 5.8%. The term-low-birth-weight incidence, however, was 24.6% lower among whites and 14.9% lower among black term-low-birth-weight infants for the same period. The reduction in the overall low-birth-weight incidence for both populations is principally caused by reduction in the incidence of term-low-birth-weight infants. Term- and preterm-low-birth-weight infants reflect different etiologic insults and require different intervention strategies for prevention.
Germany debates change to law on late abortions
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The German parliament is likely to vote in the next few months on a law to reduce the number of late abortions.

Current German abortion law allows unrestricted abortions for women up to 12 weeks of pregnancy but requires them to be counselled about their decision, and to wait three days before the operation.

After 12 weeks of pregnancy abortions are allowed if the pregnancy or birth poses a risk to the physical or mental health of the mother. This can include abortions performed if the mother learns she would give birth to a baby with severe disabilities. However, in these cases German law does not require counselling and a three day wait.

The new law would extend these requirements to …
Future of Occupational Health
Authors: D. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1950)

INFANCY possible examples in which the preliminary colostomy might have to be left permanently.The natural course of events was surely a better solution.On the other hand, Case 3 could have been saved had a colostomy been per- formed about the age of 6 months, when obstinate symptoms were well established, and it is likely that the bowel could have been adequately mobilized for the next stage.Since this paper was submitted for publication the successful performance of a one-stage operation in three cases, the youngest aged 3 months, has been reported by Swenson, Neuhauser, and Pickett (1949).Radical measures at such an early age before dilatation and hypertrophy have become established obviate the need for the temporary colostomy to allow the bowel to resume its normal size.Summary A very characteristic pattern has been observed in Hirsch- sprung's disease in the newborn and in early infancy.The length of affected bowel and the severity of the conse- quent disease varied greatly.Mortality has been high-the more so when diagnosis was not complete.Emphasis is laid on the long latent period that may follow the neonatal incident in milder cases.Evidence that dyschezia is the cause of a type of megacolon different in clinical and radiological features and benign in its course is discussed.Of a small group of cases of Hirschsprung's disease surviving infancy none are symptom-free.Certain conclusions are drawn regarding the part of surgery in management of the disease in young infants.I wish to acknowledge the help of Dr. T. Harlan, who was responsible for the radiology, of Dr. J. Hart Mercer for the histological examinations, and of Professor J. C. Spence, from whose department the records were made available.
Comparison of Fructosamine With Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Plasma Proteins as Measures of Glycemic Control
Authors: Lesley M Smart, Alexander F Howie, Robert J Young, Simon W Walker, Basil F Clarke, Alistair F Smith
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

The relative value of fructosamine as an alternative to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) and other measures of glycemic control was assessed in 100 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 104 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. We measured HbA1 (by electrophoretic and affinity methods), plasma glucose, glycosylated plasma proteins, and fructosamine in blood taken at a single clinic visit. The values were compared both by correlation analysis and by considering whether the various indices of glycemic control placed the patients in the same clinical decision categories as they were in by the HbA1 (affinity) result. Fructosamine correlated moderately well with HbA1 (affinity; r = .8) and placed 71% of IDDM and 72% of NIDDM patients in the same clinical category of good, moderate, or poor control. Differences can probably be partly attributed to the different periods over which HbA1 and fructosamine reflect average glycemia and partly to imprecision.
Sex and Internal Secretions
Authors: R. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Musser 's book, like Cecil-s, is exclusively of United States' authorship.Perhaps the ideal text is yet to be compiled which shall be a composite of international medicine though the difficulties besetting its editorship might well be discouraging.In this text a novelty has been introduced in the matter of classification.Internal diseases are grouped in four parts: (1) infectious diseases; (2) systemic diseases, including circulatory,.respiratory, alimentary, urinary, endocrine, blood, spleen and reticulo-endothelial, and locomotor; (3) diseases of nutrition, allergy, metabolism, physical and chemical agents; (4) diseases of the nervous system, including mental disorders and organic diseases of the nervous system.While it is doubtful if this arrangement
RECOVERY OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL FUNCTION AFTER PACEMAKER PLACEMENT FOR HIGH GRADE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK AFTER VALVE SURGERY
Authors: Ashwani Sastry, A. Garvey Rene, James Horowitz, George Thomas, Christopher F. Liu, Bruce B. Lerman, Steven M. Markowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Angiography and Transient Ischemic Attacks-Reply
Authors: Donald J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> My editorial was wide-ranging and was concerned primarily with the role of platelets and their antagonists in transient cerebral ischemia, as the title of the editorial clearly indicates. I mentioned use of noninvasive techniques for assessing extracranial blood flow only in passing, attempting to fit them into a schema for medical management. In our institution we prefer to screen all our patients with suspected TIAs with noninvasive techniques, and invariably, using our study battery, a lesion can be demonstrated if one is to be found. Obviously, if no lesion is found, if the clinical suspicion is strong that TIAs are, in fact, related to extracranial cerebrovascular disease, and if the patient is a fit candidate for surgery, we would proceed with angiography. I do not imply that one should use either noninvasive techniques or angiography, and I believe that the editorial makes that point clear. In my view,
Comparison of intravenous AH 5158 (ibidomide) and propranolol in asthma.
Authors: C Skinner, J Gaddie, K N Palmer
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The cardiac and bronchial effects of AH 5158 and propranolol were compared in a double-blind, placebocontrolled intravenous study on 10 asthmatics. AH 5158, like propranolol, is a non-cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drug, but unlike propranolol it also has an alpha-adrenoceptor-blocking action. Both drugs produced equivalent cardiac(beta1) blockade, but propranolol produced bronchoconstriction, whereas AH 5158 did not. Hence the alpha-blocking action of AH 5158 seems to prevent the bronchoconstrictor effects of propranolol in these patients.
BCR/ABL activates mdm2 mRNA translation via the La antigen
Authors: Rossana Trotta, Tatiana Vignudelli, Olivia Candini, Robert V. Intine, Luisa Pecorari, Clara Guerzoni, Giorgia Santilli, Mike W. Byrom, Silvia Goldoni, Lance P. Ford, Michael A. Caligiuri, Richard J. Maraia, Danilo Perrotti, Bruno Calabretta
Journal: Cancer Cell (2003)