tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Strategies to Reduce the Cost of Renal Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Todd P. Gilmer, Patrick J. O'Connor
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Diabetes is a common and costly chronic disease, and diabetes-related complications are a major driver of health care costs in the United States. In 2007, 17.9 million U.S. residents were diagnosed with diabetes at a cost to the economy of $174 billion; $58 billion of which was directly attributable to diabetes-related complications (1). The most common microvascular complications include chronic kidney disease (affecting 27.8% of persons with diagnosed diabetes), foot problems (22.9%), and eye damage (18.9%) (2). The most common macrovascular complications include heart attacks (9.8%), chest pain (9.5%), and coronary heart disease (9.1%). Notably, specific racial and ethnic subgroups have higher rates of complications. For example, chronic kidney disease affects 35.2% of African Americans and 37.6% of Latinos with diabetes. Twenty-five percent of persons with diabetes report having two or more diabetes-related complications. The lifetime prevalence of these complications is much higher than these cross-sectional estimates suggest, and about 65% of those with type 2 diabetes die of a myocardial infarction or a stroke (3).

In this issue of Diabetes Care , Nichols, Vupputuri, and Lau report on the medical care costs associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy (4). They use administrative data from Kaiser Permanente Northwest to follow 7,758 patients with diabetes and hypertension for progression of nephropathy over an 8-year period. They found that costs increased by 37% following progression from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria (defined as 30–299 mg/g) and 41% following progression from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria …
Concepts are not beliefs, but having concepts is having beliefs
Authors: Fei Xu, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Cristina M. Sorrentino
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

We applaud Millikan's psychologically plausible version of the causal theory of reference. Her proposal offers a significant clarification of the much-debated relation between concepts and beliefs, and suggests positive directions for future empirical studies of conceptual development. However, Millikan's revision of the causal theory may leave us with no generally satisfying account of concept individuation in the mind.
Changes in intracardiac blood flow velocities and right and left ventricular stroke volumes with gestational age in the normal human fetus: a prospective Doppler echocardiographic study.
Authors: J F Kenny, T Plappert, P Doubilet, D H Saltzman, M Cartier, L Zollars, G F Leatherman, M G St John Sutton
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We used Doppler echocardiography to quantitate the changes in intracardiac blood flow velocities and right and left ventricular stroke volumes in 80 normal human fetuses from 19 to 40 weeks gestation. Blood flow velocity spectra across the aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid, and mitral valves were digitized to obtain peak velocities (m/sec) and flow velocity integrals. Aortic and pulmonary diameters were measured at valve level from two-dimensional echocardiographic images and cross-sectional area was calculated assuming a circular orifice. Ventricular stroke volume was calculated as the product of the cross-sectional area of a great vessel and the flow velocity integral through that vessel. The pulmonary arterial and aortic diameters increased linearly with gestational age (r = .82, r = .84), and pulmonary arterial diameter consistently exceeded aortic diameter. There was a positive relationship between stroke volume and gestational age: stroke volume increased exponentially from 0.7 ml at 20 weeks to 7.6 ml at 40 weeks for the right ventricle (r = .87) and from 0.7 ml at 20 weeks to 5.2 ml at 40 weeks for the left ventricle (r = .91). Similar results were obtained for right and left ventricular and combined cardiac outputs. In 44% of the fetuses it was possible to quantitate both right and left ventricular stroke volumes. There was a close correlation between right and left ventricular stroke volumes in these fetuses (r = .96) and right ventricular stroke volume exceeded left ventricular stroke volume by 28%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Obstetricians: Women's Advocates, Not Adversaries
Authors: Steven J. Ralston, Monique A. Spillman, Mary F. Mitchell, Jeanne Mahoney, Gerald F. Joseph
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2011)

As members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Ethics and College staff, we appreciate the opportunity to respond to the target article “Obstetricians and Violen...
Atlas of Primary Care Procedures
Authors: Barbara Starfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 June 2004Atlas of Primary Care ProceduresBarbara Starfield, MDBarbara Starfield, MDFrom Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-11-200406010-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Zuber TJ, Mayeaux EJ Jr. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004. $79.95. ISBN 0781739055. Order phone 800-638-3030.Field of medicine: General medicine for adults.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Internists, family physicians, and physician assistants.Purpose: “To provide primary health care providers with a step-by-step instructional reference on common office procedures.”Content: This book provides information on how to perform 72 procedures in office-based practice and contains over 700 well-done and very clear illustrations. The discussion of each procedure includes common pitfalls, indications and contraindications, Current Procedural Terminology coding information with 2002 average 50th percentile fees, and instructions for ordering instruments ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 2004Volume 140, Issue 11Page: 940KeywordsAnklesCurrent procedural terminologyHealth care providersPrimary carePrimary care physiciansSedationSoftware tools ePublished: 1 June 2004 Issue Published: 1 June 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibition of Experimental Lung Metastasis by Aerosol Delivery of PEI–p53 Complexes
Authors: Ajay Gautam, Charles L. Densmore, J.Clifford Waldrep
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and the pathways mediated by the p53 protein are common in many human cancers. Replacement of functional p53 by gene therapy is a potential way of combating these cancers and the associated drug resistance and tumor growth. Aerosol delivery of genes is a noninvasive way of targeting genes to the lung for gene therapy. Here we demonstrate, using a murine melanoma lung metastasis model, that aerosol delivery of polyethyleneimine–p53 (PEI–p53) complexes inhibits the growth of lung metastasis. A significantly reduced number of visible foci were observed in C57BL/6 mice injected with B16-F10 melanoma and treated with PEI–p53 complexes by aerosol for 3 weeks at twice a week. Fifty percent of the mice in the PEI–p53-treated group exhibited no visible tumor foci. There was a significant reduction in the lung weights of p53-treated mice (P < 0.01) compared to control groups. The tumor burden was also significantly lower (P < 0.001) in mice treated with PEI–p53 complexes. No extrapulmonary metastasis was observed in the groups treated with PEI–p53 complexes compared to 50% of the mice in control groups, which showed metastasis to lymph nodes in the neck or abdomen. Treatment with PEI–p53 aerosol also led to about a 50% increase in the mean length of survival of the mice injected with B16-F10 cells. These data suggest that delivery of the p53 gene by aerosol using PEI as the gene delivery vector can inhibit the growth of lung metastasis. Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and the pathways mediated by the p53 protein are common in many human cancers. Replacement of functional p53 by gene therapy is a potential way of combating these cancers and the associated drug resistance and tumor growth. Aerosol delivery of genes is a noninvasive way of targeting genes to the lung for gene therapy. Here we demonstrate, using a murine melanoma lung metastasis model, that aerosol delivery of polyethyleneimine–p53 (PEI–p53) complexes inhibits the growth of lung metastasis. A significantly reduced number of visible foci were observed in C57BL/6 mice injected with B16-F10 melanoma and treated with PEI–p53 complexes by aerosol for 3 weeks at twice a week. Fifty percent of the mice in the PEI–p53-treated group exhibited no visible tumor foci. There was a significant reduction in the lung weights of p53-treated mice (P < 0.01) compared to control groups. The tumor burden was also significantly lower (P < 0.001) in mice treated with PEI–p53 complexes. No extrapulmonary metastasis was observed in the groups treated with PEI–p53 complexes compared to 50% of the mice in control groups, which showed metastasis to lymph nodes in the neck or abdomen. Treatment with PEI–p53 aerosol also led to about a 50% increase in the mean length of survival of the mice injected with B16-F10 cells. These data suggest that delivery of the p53 gene by aerosol using PEI as the gene delivery vector can inhibit the growth of lung metastasis.
Tests in Patients With Pacemakers-Reply
Authors: James R. Veale
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The stimulus artifact can be reduced to an acceptable level by either increasing the input impedance of the differential recording amplifier or increasing the impedance between the stimulator output and ground.<sup>1</sup>A stimulator with a grounded output (stimulator to ground impedance is approximately zero) can be used if a differential amplifier with a high input impedance is used to avoid overloading the amplifier. Normally, however, an isolated stimulator (stimulator to ground impedance is very high) is used so that the input impedance of the amplifier is less critical.
Evaluation of the IgE cross‐reactions among vespid venoms. A possible approach for the choice of immunotherapy
Authors: B. Caruso, P. Bonadonna, M. G. Severino, M. Manfredi, A. Dama, M. Schiappoli, P. Rizzotti, G. Senna, G. Passalacqua
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Hymenoptera venom allergy can be effectively cured with specific immunotherapy, thus the correct identification of the allergen is essential. In the case of multiple skin and serum positivities it is important to know if a cross-reaction among venoms is present. We studied by CAP-inhibition assays the degree of cross-reactivity between Vespula vulgaris and Polistes dominulus.Serum samples were obtained from consecutive patients with a clinical history of grade III-IV reactions to hymenoptera sting and with nondiscriminative skin/CAP positivity to both Vespula and Polistes. Inhibition assays were carried out with a CAP method, incubating the sera separately with both venoms and subsequently measuring the specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to venoms themselves.Forty-five patients (33 male, mean age 40 years, age range 12-74, total serum IgE 242 +/- 168 kU/l) were included. Their specific IgE to Vespula and Polistes were 12.03 +/- 5.70 kU/l and 10.7 +/- 2.0 kU/l (P = NS), respectively. At the CAP-inhibition assays, in 25 patients a >75% heterologous inhibition by P. dominulus venom against V. vulgaris-specific IgE was found. In six subjects V. vulgaris venom effectively inhibited the P. dominulus-specific IgE. In the remaining 14 cases the CAP-inhibition test provided intermediate and not discriminative results.In 31/45 patients, the double sensitizations to venoms were probably the result of cross-reactions and the CAP-inhibition allowed identifying the true double sensitizations. This approach may be helpful for the correct prescription of immunotherapy in the case of V. vulgaris and P. dominulus double positivity.
Death Following Exposure to DDT
Authors: William R. Hill, C. Robert Damiani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

NUMEROUS authors1 2 3 have described the toxic effects observed in different species of warm-blooded animals exposed to DDT — 2,2 bis (p-chlorophenyl)-l, 1,1-trichlorethane — in various ways. By and large, clinical4 and pathological5 studies of these animals revealed that the principal action of DDT was on the central nervous system and liver.The general consensus is that, used with reasonable care, preparations containing DDT do not present significant toxic hazards to human beings. Case,6 however, reported toxic effects of a 2 per cent solution of DDT on 2 men exposed for forty-eight hours under special conditions, consisting of an oily surface, . . .
The XYY Chromosomal Complement and Nodulocystic Acne
Authors: John J. Voorhees, Emmet Hayes, James Wilkins, Richard E. Harrell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Previous investigators have noted scarring acne in several patients with the XYY chromosomal complement. This prompted our cytogenetic anlysis of an 18-year-old man whose nodulocystic acne apparently began at age 3. Morphologic studies and tritiated thymidine labeling of chromosomes prepared from his peripheral blood and skin cells showed an XYY sex-chromosome constitution. The unusually early onset of cystic lesions suggests that acne and the XYY genotype in this patient might be more than coincidental. Further study of the possible value of nodulocystic acne as a clinical marker of persons with an increased XYY risk is warranted. A comparison of XX, XY, and XYY subjects with and without cystic acne might show variations in Y-regulated gene products important to the pathobiology of acne.
The Next Generation of Complex Lung Genetic Studies
Authors: Ivana V. Yang, David A. Schwartz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Common genetic risk variants identified by genome-wide association studies have explained a small portion of disease heritability in complex diseases. It is becoming apparent that each gene/locus is heterogeneous and that multiple rare independent risk alleles across the population contribute to disease risk. Next-generation sequencing technologies have reached the maturity and low cost necessary to perform whole genome, whole exome, and targeted region sequencing to identify all rare risk alleles across a population, a task that is not possible to achieve by genotyping. Design of whole genome, whole exome, and targeted sequencing projects to identify disease variants for complex lung diseases requires four main steps: library preparation, sequencing, sequence data analysis, and statistical analysis. Although data analysis approaches are still evolving, a number of published studies have successfully identified rare variants associated with complex disease. Despite many challenges that lie ahead in applying these technologies to lung disease, rare variants are likely to be a critical piece of the puzzle that needs to be solved to understand the genetic basis of complex lung disease and to use this information to develop better therapies.
The Battered Child
Authors: Ann Maravilla
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This is the second edition of a book destined to be a classic. Its publication helped bring to the forefront the serious problems of abused and neglected children.  In this edition, effort has been made to reduce previously overlapping material. The interesting introductory chapter on the history of child abuse remains unchanged and should be read first to put the problem in perspective. The chapters concerned with the pathologic and radiologic aspects have been updated. They contain detailed clinical information. The chapters on psychiatric aspects and the role of the social worker— based on the extensive experience of the authors—are unchanged and offer the basis for therapeutic intervention.  Other informative chapters deal with the role of the physician, the role of law enforcement agencies, and a nice summary of current laws. These run the gamut from simple rules of reporting to penalties for nonreporting.  Of special interest is the addition
Foreign Drug Supply Chain
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3507: Sulforaphane facilitates mitotic cell death triggered by arsenic trioxide
Authors: Ling-Huei Yih, Hsiao-Hui Kuo, Yi-Chen Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an important antileukemic drug, but its use as a single agent in clinical trials against solid tumors was found to be mostly not effective or too toxic. Given the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, there is a considerable interest in the use of natural compounds with anti-tumorigenic properties for cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that the cytotoxicity of ATO is significantly increased by cotreatment with non-toxic concentration of sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables. The increased cytotoxicity was preceded by enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species and ATO-induced mitotic abnormalities and mitotic arrest. Consequently, sulforaphane facilitated mitotic cell death caused by ATO. However, neither zVADfmk (a pan caspase inhibitor) nor necrostatin (a necrosis inhibitor) prevented the cell death induced by the combined treatment indicating that caspase-dependent apoptosis or nercrosis is not involved in the enhanced cytotoxicity. In addition, no significant change on NF-κB-dependent transcription was observed at the non-toxic concentration used in this study indicating that sulforaphane did not exert the enhanced killing effect by inhibition of NF-κB. Since induction of mitotic arrest and mitotic cell death selectively kills highly proliferating cells, the enhanced mitotic cell death induced by cotreatment of ATO and sulforaphane provides a strategy to selectively kill cancer cells and to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ATO. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3507. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3507
Survey of satisfaction with care in a rheumatology outpatient clinic.
Authors: J Hill, H.A Bird, R Hopkins, C Lawton, V Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Consumer satisfaction is increasingly recognised by hospital administrators and health care providers as an important aspect of health care. A study was undertaken to investigate the satisfaction with care among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) attending a rheumatology outpatient clinic at Leeds General Infirmary. The Leeds satisfaction questionnaire was developed and rigorously tested for reliability (Cronbachs alpha) and stability (test/retest). The Leeds satisfaction questionnaire was then completed by 70 patients with RA who had attended the Leeds General Infirmary on at least three previous occasions. The results showed that patients were, in general, satisfied with the care they received. The highest satisfaction scores were obtained on the scale for technical quality and competence of health professionals. The least satisfaction was accredited to the difficulty of unscheduled access to the clinic and the lack of continuity with the providers of care. The time spent in the waiting area before consultation was highlighted as the one aspect which caused the greatest dissatisfaction.
Orbital oedema: an unusual presentation of Noonan's syndrome
Authors: W.G. PHILLIPS, M.G.S. DUNNILL, A.R. KURWA, M.M. BLACK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Summary We report a 52-year-old man who presented with severe chronic bilateral orbital oedema, and dysmorphic features characteristic of Noonan's syndrome. No recognized cause of the orbital oedema was found. This is the first report of late-onset orbital oedema in association with Noonan's syndrome, a condition known to be associated with widespread lymphatic hypoplasia and ectasia.