tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3-09-12: Effects of acupuncture on rehabilitation after breast cancer surgery - Preliminary results
Authors: AP Nazario, PS Giron, CA Simão, G Facina
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: The increased incidence of breast cancer and successful treatment result in greater survival of these patients and consequently a greater number of survivors. These patients may have chronic condition of pain in the shoulder and upper limb, including cervical and thoracic spine. This paper seeks, through acupuncture, a new approach in the rehabilitation of these patients. Method: This study was conducted in the Gynecological Department of São Paulo Federal University. The study included women who underwent surgical treatment of breast cancer, radical or conservative, and present pain in the region of the shoulder and upper limb, including cervical and thoracic spine after three months of surgery. Patients older than 18 years and pain level ≥ 3 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). We excluded patients with bilateral breast surgery, metastatic disease, vascular disorders and tactile sensitivity, with diabetes mellitus type I and II uncompensated and education level less than four years. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 15 patients per group who were treated weekly for 10 weeks, one group treated with kinesiotherapy standard, pre-defined, based on stretching the neck muscles, scapular exercises and upper limb strength lasting 30 minutes and the other group was performed the same protocol described above kinesiotherapy followed by another 30 minutes of Acupuncture using pre-defined points. Acupuncture points used were as follows: CV 3, SP 9, ST 36, KD 7, LV 3 - edema and treat gynecological disorders; VB 21, LI 15, TH 14, LU 5, LI 4, ST 38 and UB 60 - treat pain and difficulty of movement in the upper limb. Patients were evaluated at baseline, after five weeks and at the end of 10 weeks. We used the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity ratings and the DASH questionnaire (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire) assessing functional capacity in diseases of the upper limb, measuring the skills to do certain activities as well as the symptoms. Results: The ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis of pain relief by VAS scale in both groups. Both groups had significant improvement with p&amp;gt; 0.001 and no difference between groups, with p = 0.756. The same analysis of variance was used in the DASH questionnaire, with similar results, both groups improved significantly with p&amp;gt; 0.001 and no difference between groups with p = 0.200. In multiple comparisons all reviews are different from each other showing a gradual improvement. Conclusion: We found that both types of treatment (kinesiotherapy or kinesiotherapy and acupuncture) are effective, and the evolution of the two groups was the same with a gradual improvement. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-09-12.
Risks of dependence on benzodiazepine drugs.
Authors: A. Mant, G. Lansbury, D. Saltman, A. Chancellor, C. Bridges-Webb, L. A. Kehoe
Journal: BMJ (1989)

authority populations as being crucial to success.To ensure that the new health service works for populations as well as for individual patients a director of public health must be an executive member of every new health authority, alongside the general manager and the finance director.Otherwise, directors of public health and health authorities will be unable to fulfil all the requirements of HC(88)64 and the white paper.
Metabolic response to malnutrition: its relevance to enteral feeding.
Authors: A H Love
Journal: Gut (1986)

Malnutrition results in a wide variety of metabolic responses, depending on circumstances, from reactions to pure deprivation of nutrients to include the added stress of injury and sepsis. Important differences of response exist between adults and children. Weight loss with changes in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism are well documented. Disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance are newer areas of interest as are changes in requirements for micronutrients such as trace metals. Many of these metabolic changes are under hormonal control. The intestinal tract shares in the response to malnutrition, and the consequent changes in mucosal function determine the ability of the intestine to handle enteral feeds. Such a route for nutritional support is important in protecting intestinal function not only in absorption but also in hormone production. Enteral feeding is increasingly having an important role in the interactions between acute diarrhoeal disease and malnutrition.
THE RELATIVE PRESSURES WITHIN CUTANEOUS LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES AND THE TISSUES
Authors: Philip D. McMaster
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

The pressure in the cutaneous lymphatic capillaries of normal mice anesthetized with nembutal ranged between 0.0 and 2.7 cm. of water. Measurements of the interstitial pressure in the tissue immediately next the lymphatics showed that, in more than half the instances studied, there was a slight gradient of pressure from the tissues to the lymph. In nearly all the other instances the pressures inside and outside the lymphatic capillaries were approximately equal. In two cases in which lymph flow in the capillaries was rapid, the lymph pressure may have been negative. Under these circumstances there must have been a considerable gradient of pressure from the tissues to the lymph. In skin which was rapidly becoming, or had recently become, edematous as result of the application of xylol or of heat, the intralymphatic capillary pressure generally was increased, yet when compared with the pressure prevailing in the edema fluid outside of the capillaries it was usually found to be relatively much lower, at times by as much as 5.9 cm. of water. The findings indicate that a pressure gradient is an important factor in lymph formation under normal and pathological circumstances.
Risk Stratification for Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Paul A. Grayburn, L. David Hillis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 January 2004Risk Stratification for Noncardiac SurgeryPaul A. Grayburn, MD and L. David Hillis, MDPaul A. Grayburn, MDFrom Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, TX 75246; and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.Search for more papers by this author and L. David Hillis, MDFrom Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, TX 75246; and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-1-200401060-00037-w3 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:As stated in our paper, the ultimate goal of “risk stratification” is to reduce risk. Accordingly, diagnostic tests that are used to define risk should first have likelihood ratios that accurately define risk and second should sort patients into clearly defined risk groups. Unfortunately, the diagnostic tests that are currently used in preoperative risk stratification for noncardiac surgery do not accomplish these goals, and under most circumstances, fail to add to the known clinical risk profile. Moreover, decision analytic models indicate that a strategy of routine preoperative testing followed by cardiac catheterization and revascularization in patients with abnormal ...References1. Mason JJ, Owens DK, Harris RA, Cooke JP, Hlatky MA. The role of coronary angiography and coronary revascularization before noncardiac vascular surgery. JAMA. 1995;273:1919-25. [PMID: 7783301] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Fleisher LA, Skolnick ED, Holroyd KJ, Lehmann HP. Coronary artery revascularization before abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: a decision analytic approach. Anesth Analg. 1994;79:661-9. [PMID: 7943772] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Auerbach AD, Goldman L. β-Blockers and reduction of cardiac events in noncardiac surgery: scientific review. JAMA. 2002;287:1435-44. [PMID: 11903031] MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Boersma E, Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Steyerberg EW, Thomson IR, Banga JD, et al . Predictors of cardiac events after major vascular surgery: role of clinical characteristics, dobutamine echocardiography, and β-blocker therapy. JAMA. 2001;285:1865-73. [PMID: 11308400] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, TX 75246; and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 January 2004Volume 140, Issue 1Page: W-3KeywordsAlgorithmsAngiographyCatheterizationEchocardiographyLikelihood ratioMedical risk factorsRevascularizationSurgery ePublished: 6 January 2004 Issue Published: 6 January 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Sustained Correction of Motoneuron Histopathology Following Intramuscular Delivery of AAV in Pompe Mice
Authors: Mai K ElMallah, Darin J Falk, Sushrusha Nayak, Roland A Federico, Milapjit S Sandhu, Amy Poirier, Barry J Byrne, David D Fuller
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the acid-α glucosidase (GAA) gene. Lingual dysfunction is prominent but does not respond to conventional enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Using Pompe (Gaa−/−) mice, we tested the hypothesis that intralingual delivery of viral vectors encoding GAA results in GAA expression and glycogen clearance in both tongue myofibers and hypoglossal (XII) motoneurons. An intralingual injection of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding GAA (serotypes 1 or 9; 1 × 1011 vector genomes, CMV promoter) was performed in 2-month-old Gaa−/− mice, and tissues were harvested 4 months later. Both serotypes robustly transduced tongue myofibers with histological confirmation of GAA expression (immunochemistry) and glycogen clearance (Period acid-Schiff stain). Both vectors also led to medullary transgene expression. GAA-positive motoneurons did not show the histopathologic features which are typical in Pompe disease and animal models. Intralingual injection with the AAV9 vector resulted in approximately threefold more GAA-positive XII motoneurons (P < 0.02 versus AAV1); the AAV9 group also gained more body weight over the course of the study (P < 0.05 versus AAV1 and sham). We conclude that intralingual injection of AAV1 or AAV9 drives persistent GAA expression in tongue myofibers and motoneurons, but AAV9 may more effectively target motoneurons. Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the acid-α glucosidase (GAA) gene. Lingual dysfunction is prominent but does not respond to conventional enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Using Pompe (Gaa−/−) mice, we tested the hypothesis that intralingual delivery of viral vectors encoding GAA results in GAA expression and glycogen clearance in both tongue myofibers and hypoglossal (XII) motoneurons. An intralingual injection of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding GAA (serotypes 1 or 9; 1 × 1011 vector genomes, CMV promoter) was performed in 2-month-old Gaa−/− mice, and tissues were harvested 4 months later. Both serotypes robustly transduced tongue myofibers with histological confirmation of GAA expression (immunochemistry) and glycogen clearance (Period acid-Schiff stain). Both vectors also led to medullary transgene expression. GAA-positive motoneurons did not show the histopathologic features which are typical in Pompe disease and animal models. Intralingual injection with the AAV9 vector resulted in approximately threefold more GAA-positive XII motoneurons (P < 0.02 versus AAV1); the AAV9 group also gained more body weight over the course of the study (P < 0.05 versus AAV1 and sham). We conclude that intralingual injection of AAV1 or AAV9 drives persistent GAA expression in tongue myofibers and motoneurons, but AAV9 may more effectively target motoneurons.
Detection of High-Grade Restenosis After PTCA Using Contrast-Enhanced Electron Beam CT
Authors: Stephan Achenbach, Werner Moshage, Kurt Bachmann
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Contrast-enhanced electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) has been shown to permit noninvasive visualization of the coronary arteries. We determined the value of EBCT to noninvasively detect high-grade restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods and Results Fifty patients (37 to 68 years of age), were investigated by EBCT at a mean interval of 9 months after PTCA of coronary artery stenoses. Forty axial cross-sections of the heart (3-mm slice thickness, 1-mm overlap) were acquired triggered to the ECG after intravenous injection of contrast agent. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the coronary arteries were rendered with a lower threshold of 80 HU to selectively visualize the contrast-enhanced vessel lumen. EBCT results were compared with conventional quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) performed within 1 week. In 6 patients, the PTCA segment could not be evaluated because of impaired image quality. Sixteen of the remaining 44 patients had high-grade restenoses in QCA (&gt;70% diameter reduction), which was correctly detected by EBCT in 15 cases (94% sensitivity). There were 5 false-positive EBCT results of high-grade restenosis (82% specificity). Conclusions EBCT with intravenous injection of contrast agent permits the noninvasive diagnosis of restenosis after PTCA, with high sensitivity and sufficient specificity.
LAMP1 and CD63 Expression In Mouse Mast Cells and Human Basophils Rendered Hyporesponsive By Antigen/IgE-Mediated Activation and Desensitization
Authors: Pedro Giavina-Bianchi, Matthieu Picard, Joana Caiado, Veronica Mezzano, Mariana C. Castells
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Molecular Identification of Bacteria Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: David N. Fredricks, Tina L. Fiedler, Jeanne M. Marrazzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Bacterial vaginosis affects millions of women and is associated with several serious health conditions. The cause of bacterial vaginosis remains poorly understood despite numerous studies based on cultures. Bacteria in microbial communities can be identified without cultivation by characterizing their ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences.We identified bacteria in samples of vaginal fluid with a combination of broad-range polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rDNA with clone analysis, bacterium-specific PCR assay of 16S rDNA, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performed directly on vaginal fluid from 27 subjects with bacterial vaginosis and 46 without the condition. Twenty-one subjects were studied with the use of broad-range PCR of 16S rDNA, and 73 subjects were studied with the use of bacterium-specific PCR.Women without bacterial vaginosis had 1 to 6 vaginal bacterial species (phylotypes) in each sample (mean, 3.3), as detected by broad-range PCR of 16S rDNA, and lactobacillus species were the predominant bacteria noted (83 to 100 percent of clones). Women with bacterial vaginosis had greater bacterial diversity (P<0.001), with 9 to 17 phylotypes (mean, 12.6) detected per sample and newly recognized species present in 32 to 89 percent of clones per sample library (mean, 58 percent). Thirty-five unique bacterial species were detected in the women with bacterial vaginosis, including several species with no close cultivated relatives. Bacterium-specific PCR assays showed that several bacteria that had not been previously described were highly prevalent in subjects with bacterial vaginosis but rare in healthy controls. FISH confirmed that newly recognized bacteria detected by PCR corresponded to specific bacterial morphotypes visible in vaginal fluid.Women with bacterial vaginosis have complex vaginal infections with many newly recognized species, including three bacteria in the Clostridiales order that were highly specific for bacterial vaginosis.
Prevalence of HIV antibody and pregnancy in Tayside, 1984-9: background to screening.
Authors: R Smith, N B Patel, G E Urquhart, P McFaul, P Neven, P W Howie
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To determine age specific prevalence of HIV antibody, incidence of pregnancy, and likelihood of detection and correct assignment to risk category by antenatal screening of women known to be positive for HIV antibody, from 1984 to 1989.Retrospective analysis of reproductive history and risk behaviour of women positive for HIV antibody and prediction of detection by screening on the basis of blood group samples, Guthrie tests, and rubella tests.City of Dundee, where the prevalence of HIV is high, since the appearance of HIV in 1984, predominantly among heterosexual intravenous drug users.All (61) women known to be positive for HIV antibody who had had clinically indicated tests, for whom case notes were available for 60.Risk assessment according to case notes and reported to the laboratory, incidence of infection, geographical location, age, date of positive test result, and reproductive history.With 61 infected women the overall minimum prevalence among women within the city of Dundee was 0.67/1000 and 2.9/1000 among women in their third decade. Of the 60 women whose reproductive history was available, 35 had 57 pregnancies, 36 of which occurred after seroconversion was known to have taken place, representing 8.7% of the total number of affected pregnancies reported for the United Kingdom. If antenatal screening for HIV had been performed between 1984 and 1989 it could not have detected positivity for HIV antibody in 25 (42%) women who had no pregnancies during this time. Among the remaining 35 women, screening samples taken for blood grouping could have identified a maximum of 34 (57%), samples taken to check rubella susceptibility a maximum of 22 (37%), and blood spots on Guthrie cards a maximum of 19 (32%). Retesting would have occurred in 14 women 33 times with samples taken for blood grouping, but three and four women would have been tested twice using samples taken for rubella testing and Guthrie cards respectively. Anonymous screening would have been unable to determine risk category as a history of intravenous drug use was known in 47 (79%) women before testing but this was increased by a further 5 (8%) who admitted to it after the test result was known.Interpreting the results of antenatal screening programmes will be complex and will underestimate overall prevalence of HIV antibody among women; this will be exaggerated by strategies based on anonymous testing with Guthrie cards or on samples taken for rubella testing, which do not include women who have had an earlier loss of pregnancy. Only open testing with consent will permit satisfactory attribution to
The Medical Interview: A Core Curriculum for Residencies in Internal Medicine
Authors: MACK LIPKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

A core curriculum for teaching medical interviewing is presented that enhances the internist's skills in a broad range of interactions with patients. Learning these skills is now left to chance and is often deficient. Four objectives are developed: patient-centered interviewing and treatment; an integrated (biopsychosocial) approach to clinical reasoning and patient care; personal development of humanistic values; and psychosocial and psychiatric medicine. Teaching options include real and simulated encounters with patients, observation with discussion, and use of groups. A general strategy for implementing the curriculum at the local level requires the intellectual and financial support of the dean and department chairman, and a multidisciplinary faculty committed to developing, implementing, and evaluating the curriculum. At many programs, faculty development will be necessary.
A Standardized Breath Holding Technique for the Clinical Measurement of the Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide 1
Authors: C. M. Ogilvie, R. E. Forster, W. S. Blakemore, J. W. Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1957)

Previous publications from this laboratory have described (1, 2) a modification of the Krogh breath holding technique for measuring the pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL).6This test can be performed quickly and simply and does not require arterial blood analyses.It has recently (2) been shown to provide an index of pulmonary diffusing capacity similar to that given by the DLo2 method of Lilienthal, Riley, Proemmel, and Franke (3) and the "steady state" method of Filley, MacIntosh, and Wright (4).The purpose of the present report is to enumerate some of the factors that affect DL, to describe a standardized technique for its measurement, and to present
The sialyl-glycolipid SSEA4 marks a subpopulation of chemotherapy resistant breast cancer cells with mesenchymal features
Authors: Andrea Aloia, Evgeniya Petrova, David Agorku, Annalisa Terranegra, Alessandra Mingione, Jean-Gabriel Judde, Andreas Bosio, Stefano Cairo, Olaf Hardt
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype associated with high risk of early relapse and metastasis [[1][1]]. At the moment chemotherapy remains the main option for systemic therapy of TNBC patients but complete remission occurs only in 20% of the
Are British Physicians Agents of the State?
Authors: Steve O'Malley
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor. —  As a visiting fellow from England, I feel I cannot let Dr Abrams' article entitled Patient Advocate or Secret Agent? 1 pass without comment.  While agreeing with his basic ideas of informed consent, I find offensive his comments about English physicians being agents of the  and making  decisions and particularly his comparison between the physician acting on behalf of the state in England... and the physician acting on behalf of the state in Chile, Uruguay, and South Africa abetting the torture of political opponents to achieve social goals, and the physician acting in accord with the Soviet Oath of 1971, treating political dissidents in mental institutions to achieve social goals. He would also seem to imply in his article that England does not uphold individual rights as staunchly as... in America.  The British Health Service is certainly not perfect nor is it the answer