tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1615: Anthocyanin-rich black raspberry extract negatively regulates stem cell related molecules, EMT, and pluripotency of pancreatic cancer stem cells
Authors: Natarajan Aravindan, Sheeja Aravindan, Terence S. Herman, Mohan Natarajan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ascertaining the potentials of diet-derived phenolics in eradicating cancer stem cells (CSCs), that proliferate and self-renew extensively leading to the initiation and progression of tumor, may escort significant clinical implications. Recently, we have shown that black raspberry extract (RSE) potentiates pancreatic cancer (PC) cell killing by targeting transcriptional machinery. Herein, we investigated ex vivo the effect of RSE on the regulation of EMT, pluripotency maintaining and other stem cell related molecules in PC-CSCs. CD133+CD44+CD24+ESA+ PC-CSCs isolated from human PC xenografts developed in athymic NCr-nu/nu nude mice with human MiaPaCa2, BXPC3, Panc-1 or Panc-3.27 cells were maintained in vitro. PC-CSCs exposed to RSE (2.0μg) for 3h were assessed for transcriptional regulation of 93 stem cell related molecules using QPCR profiling. Expression and cellular localization of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and pluripotent maintaining factors including ABCG2, E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, MYB, MYC, Nanog and SOX2 in MiaPaCa2, BXPC3 xenografts were assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results revealed that RSE significantly inhibited 83, 50 and 54 stem cell related molecules in PC-CSCs isolated from xenografts developed using MiaPaCa2, Panc-1 and Panc 3.27 respectively. Of these, 27 genes were commonly suppressed by RSE in all three PC-CSCs population. Further, IHC staining showed complete repression of EMT and pluripotent markers in both MiaPaCa2 and BXPC3 xenografts. Together, these data imply that RSE may exert selective inhibition of EMT and pancreatic CSCs’ self renewal capacity and, may thus serve as a potential “deliverable” to negate PC initiation and progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1615. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1615
Using the internet to access confidential patient records: a case study
Authors: D W Chadwick
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Effective programmes for management of chronic disease are invariably supported by information technology.These have typically been developed within secondary care, with limited access available to primary care.The British government's white paper The New NHS clearly states that a dedicated NHS network service (NHSnet), linking information systems in primary and secondary care, will be working by 2002. 1 Although this could improve the flow of information between primary and secondary care, thereby improving patient care, 1 there are, quite rightly, grave concerns about the security and confidentiality of patients' data both in terms of who has legitimate access and who has illegitimate access to the data. 2 3 Furthermore, it cannot be assumed that all general practitioners will be willing to spend the time and money necessary to connect to NHSnet and to conform to its code of connection, 4 especially as more than one in eight general practitioners are already connected to and familiar with the internet 5 and, increasingly, internet service providers are free of charge (apart from telephone charges).Users of NHSnet, however, will be charged for connection and use, the costs of which are not yet known.These are major concerns for general practitioners and may be a reason for the poor uptake of NHSnet by general practice. 5n addition, although NHSnet could increase hospitals' and general practices' access to patients' data, this information will still not be available within the patients' homes.This is exactly where general practitioners, seeing sick patients whom they may not know, need immediate access to this information.Internet technology could also allow patients access to their own data, thereby empowering them to allow appropriate healthcare professionals access to their data.We suggest that the internet will be as good, if not better, an integrating network as NHSnet, providing that the issues of security and reliability can be adequately addressed.Using our existing diabetes information system (Westman Medical Software, Manchester), we have developed a secure, encrypted internet connection that allows general practitioners, diabetes nurse specialists, and, potentially, patients immediate access to the diabetes information system (see figure).We describe the problems, and solutions, that we encountered in ensuring the confidentiality of the data and in retaining the security of the hospital's private intranet (see table ).
A Case of Cholecystotomy: With Remarks
Authors: J. W. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1885)

EJan; 31i3b W8l suffered very intensely during her menstral periods, and had profaso boodings.She did not express any desire for my professional assist- Amce, but, unfortunately for herself, spe' t the whole of her earnings in wlandering about from one practitioe'r to another, without any benefit from the numerous pessaries with which she was treated, until-she was g6dlig&1 to give up her work and enter a hospital.After she left my service, I heard somethincr more about the details of her'case, and that, 'combined with the information' which I subsequently got from Ierself, was to the effect that she had received a gonorrhoeal infedtion very soon after marriage, and had' never been well since that tiine.After she had been treated, without any good effect, in various insti- tations, she came to me as an out-patient in March of this year, when I obtaned from her a complete statement' of.her history, and, on making an examination, was easily able to diagnose chronic inflamxna- tion, of the tubes.I operated on April 2nd, 1884, and removed both tubes occluded and distended with pus.The ovaries did not come.outwith the tubes, and I did not think it necessary to remove them.The patient was immediately relieved' from distress, has not menstruated since.and has remained for now eight' mouths perfectly free from pain, and is earning her living with perfect satisfaction as a domestic 3oi4nt.""'If I had exercised a little more curiosity about the ailment of this oor woman whilst she was in my own service, I would have rendered her 'a distinct benefit in shortening her sufferings by at least three and I'half years, and I regret very much that I allowed her to waste her money and continue her sufferings for the want of a little judicious inqtxiry.The operations themselves in these cases are far more diffi- et t-han any operations for the removal of cystomata; Indeed, one distinguished author has gone so far as to say that they are 'so difficult that the performance of them is quite unjustifiable, an opinion in
PTH-185 Capsule Endoscopy and Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Experience from a Tertiary Centre
Authors: P S Sidhu, K Drew, M E McAlindon, R Sidhu
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Capsule endoscopy (CE) is the first line modality to investigate the small bowel (SB) in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB). We investigated the largest cohort of patients to date with OGB who underwent CE. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients referred for CE for OGB were included retrospectively. Data was collected for demographics, clinical indication (overt bleeding (OB) or iron deficiency anaemia (IDA)) the presence of co-morbidity, medications including anticoagulation, diagnostic yield (DY) and subsequent follow up. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 1324 patients were identified. The mean age was 60 years with females consisting of 55%. The indication for CE was IDA in 73%(n = 971) and OB in 27%. Significant co-morbidities were present in 38% of patients. Whilst 8% of patients were on warfarin, 6%(n = 84) were transfusion dependent. The cumulative number of lesions identified was 1086.The overall DY was 36%(n = 473) for lesions deemed to be the source of OGB. On logistic regression, increasing age (p &lt; 0.001) and transfusion dependence (p = 0.02) were associated with a DY with CE. The commonest diagnosis was angioectasia (AE) in 23%(n = 302).Other SB findings included ulcers and erosions in 25%(n = 326), fresh blood without a definite source in 6%(n = 79) whilst tumours, polyps and crohns disease represented 2% each respectively. Miscellaneous findings in the SB included diverticulae (14), SB strictures (15), SB varices (9), dielaufoy (1) and others (28). There was no significant difference in the DY between those with IDA and OB (p = 0.35) and between the sexes (p = 0.44). Management was altered in 78%(n = 367) of those with a positive DY, in the form of further procedures (42%, n = 153). Of these, 35%(n = 53) had double balloon enteroscopy, 24%(n = 36) had push enteroscopy, 23%(n = 35) had repeat standard endoscopy, 17 patients were referred for surgery whilst 2 patients had intra-operative enteroscopy. 34%(n = 52) of patients received argon photocoagulation therapy for their AE. On logistic regression, factors associated with a subsequent change in management included the indication of OB (p = 0.03), the presence of comorbidity (p = 0.03), transfusion dependence (p = 0.02) and the presence of AE (p &lt; 0.001) on the CE. In 14% of patients, significant lesions were found outside the SB (upper GI tract 12% and colon 2%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the largest series on the use of CE in OGB in the published literature. A significant number of patients with a positive DY had a change in management. Factors that were more likely to predict an alteration of outcome were the presence of co-morbidity, transfusion dependence and the presence of AE. Although, the DY did not differ significantly between those with IDA and OB, management was more likely to be altered in those with OB. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Estrogen receptors in cholangiocytes and the progression of primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Domenico Alvaro, Pietro Invernizzi, Paolo Onori, Antonio Franchitto, Adriano De Santis, Andrea Crosignani, Roberta Sferra, Stefano Ginanni-Corradini, Maria Grazia Mancino, Marco Maggioni, Adolfo F. Attili, Mauro Podda, Eugenio Gaudio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
NOCTURNAL INCONTINENCE IN CHILDREN
Authors: T. W. Hill
Journal: BMJ (1930)

The Practitioner's Mirror and Retrospect.d0JfTie Ediior wiU ht Olad to receive offers of co-operation and This^latgdyw inthTcaL "of much valuable material full of interest and instruction ^ , rnffane hosvitals and (3) the great body ) he younger and less-known members of the hospital staff' (-) those 001 .
Rebuilding a Damaged Heart
Authors: Jochen Müller-Ehmsen, Kirk L. Peterson, Larry Kedes, Peter Whittaker, Joan S. Dow, Tiffany I. Long, Peter W. Laird, Robert A. Kloner
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— The long-term effects of cardiac cell transplantation on cardiac function are unknown. Therefore, we tested the survival and functional impact of rat neonatal cardiac myocytes up to 6 months after transplantation into infarcted hearts. Methods and Results— Cardiomyocytes from male neonatal Fischer 344 rats (1 to 2 days, 3 to 5×10 6 ) or medium was injected into the infarcts of adult syngeneic female animals 1 week after left coronary artery ligation. Six months later, implanted cardiomyocytes were still present by quantitative TaqMan polymerase chain reaction and histology. In all treated hearts, discrete lumps of cells were present within the infarct scar, which was not observed in media-injected hearts typified by a transmural infarct scar. Infarct thickness was greater in treated animals versus control animals (909±97 versus 619±43 μm, P &lt;0.02), whereas infarct size and left ventricular volumes were similar. By biplane angiography, left ventricular ejection fractions at 6 months were greater (0.36±0.03 versus 0.25±0.02, P &lt;0.01) and significantly less infarct zone dyskinesis was seen (0.30±0.08 versus 0.55±0.07, P =0.035, lateral projection) in treated animals versus control animals. Conclusions— Grafted neonatal cardiomyocytes were present in infarcts 6 months after transplantation; they thickened the wall of the left ventricle and were associated with enhanced ejection fraction and reduced paradoxical systolic bulging of the infarct. Therefore, neonatal cardiac cell transplants exhibit long-term survival in a myocardial infarct model and contribute to long-term improved cardiac function. These results suggest that a damaged heart can be rebuilt.
Serum Lipids and Conjunctival Circulation after Fat Ingestion in Men Exhibiting Type-A Behavior Pattern
Authors: MEYER FRIEDMAN, RAY H. ROSENMAN, SANFORD BYERS, Vernice Carroll, Warren Hayashi, Marshon King, Clarence Omoto, Ashley Tam
Journal: Circulation (1964)

A group of 12 subjects exhibiting a behavior pattern A, associated with a high incidence of clinical coronary artery disease, and a second group of subjects exhibiting a converse type of behavior pattern B, were fed a standard fat meal, before and after which studies were made of serum lipid and cholesterol changes. In addition, studies were made of their bulbar conjunctival vasculature. It was found that the average fasting serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospholipid values of the "A" subjects were significantly greater than those of the "B" subjects. Following the meal, the average serum triglyceride rose much higher and remained relatively much higher and longer in subjects with pattern A than in those with pattern B. The serum free fatty acid content was essentially the same in both groups, both before and after the meal. The observed differences in serum triglyceride behavior did not appear to be due to differences in the circulating phase of the heparininduced lipoprotein-lipase system. Following the meal, marked sludging and capillary ischemia were found in the conjunctival tissue of 10 or 12 subjects with pattern A and in only three of the 12 subjects with pattern B.
In vitro dissolution of curium oxide using a phagolysosomal simulant solvent system.
Authors: S Y Helfinstine, R A Guilmette, G A Schlapper
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Detailed study of actinide oxide behavior in alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro is limited because of the short life span of these cells in culture. We created an in vitro dissolution system that could mimic the acidic phagolysosomal environment for the actinide and be maintained for an indefinite period so that dissolution of more insoluble materials could be measured. The dissolution system for this investigation, consisting of nine different solutions of HCl and the chelating agent diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) in distilled water, is called the phagolysosomal simulant solvent (PSS). In this system, both the pH and the amount of DTPA were varied. We could observe the effect of altering pH within a range of 4.0-6.0 (similar to that of the phagolysosome) and the effect of the molar ratio of DTPA to curium at 1000:1, 100:1, or 10:1. We chose curium sequioxide (244Cm2O3) to validate the PSS for actinide dissolution versus that occurring in AM in vitro because it dissolves significantly in less than 1 week. The polydisperse 244Cm2O3) aerosol was generated, collected on filters, resuspended, and added to the PSS solutions and to cultured canine AM. By comparing dissolution in the two systems directly, we hoped to arrive at an optimum PSS for future dissolution studies. PSS and cell culture samples were taken daily for 7 days after exposure and tested for the solubilized curium. The amount of soluble material was determined by ultracentrifugation to separate the insoluble Cm2O3 from the soluble curium in the PSS solutions and filtration for the cell-containing material.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
GASTRIC DIGESTION
Authors: M. B. LEVIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1935)

Article1 January 1935GASTRIC DIGESTIONA SIMPLE VISUAL TEST, AND IN VITRO STUDIES*M. B. LEVIN, M.D., S. RAFFEL, Sc.D.M. B. LEVIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, S. RAFFEL, Sc.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-8-7-865 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptUntil we arrive at a stage where foods may be concentrated and sufficiently predigested to allow of administration to human beings in very small quantities, studies of digestion will continue to be of extreme importance. Protein digestion is the outstanding function of the stomach, but the uncertainty and incompleteness of our knowledge concerning gastric function are attested to by the variety and multiplicity of tests for evaluating gastric digestion. These are familiar to everyone interested in gastrointestinal function, and do not need reiteration.Some years ago, it became apparent to the senior author that the usual clinical methods of evaluating...Bibliography1. SCHMIDT A: The examination of the function of the intestines by means of the test diet, its application in medical practice and its diagnostic and therapeutic value, 1906, F. A. Davis Co., Philadelphia. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HOWELL WH: Textbook of physiology, 11th edition, 1930, W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, p. 793. Google Scholar3. ABDERHALDENMEYER EO: Über den Nachweis von aktivem Pepsin im Darminhalt mittels Elastin, Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem., 1911, lxxiv, 67-100. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. MUNK I: Resorption, Ergebn. d. Physiol., 1902, i, Part 1, 296-329. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. ANONYMOUS: Editorial on nutrition, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1934, cii, 47. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland*Received for publication May 20, 1934. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTherapy of gastro-duodenal ulcerationsPeptic ulcer therapy 1 January 1935Volume 8, Issue 7Page: 865-874KeywordsDigestionFoodProteolysisStomach Issue Published: 1 January 1935 PDF downloadLoading ...
Normal histology of the nasal cavity and application of special techniques.
Authors: L C Uraih, R R Maronpot
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

There are three major epithelial types in the nasal mucosa, in addition to numerous accessory structures, some of which are species specific. Without careful and consistent processing of the nose tissue, histopathologic assessment of lesions in the nasal cavity may be compromised. While formalin fixation may be used for routine review of the nasal cavity, Bouin's fixation provides better histologic detail and fewer artifacts. Decalcification is not recommended for nasal tissues to be examined by transmission electron microscopy because of the detrimental effect of decalcifying solutions on sensory cells. Three levels of the nasal cavity may be used for routine histologic review of the nasal cavity, but four or five levels may be more appropriate for certain studies.
Developmental Therapeutics and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: VINCENT T. DEVITA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) die of overwhelming infections as a consequence of the destruction of the T4 subset of lymphocytes. Approaches to the treatment of AIDS have involved attempts to reestablish immune competence as well as treat opportunistic infections. The discovery of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III, which causes AIDS, has provided a specific target for screening antiviral drugs. There are many potential screening targets, from surface-binding proteins to viral integration and assembly, but most of the recent efforts have been aimed at developing drugs to inhibit the unique viral DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase). The early studies with 3′-azido-3-deoxythymidine (AZT) have provided encouraging results.
THE PURPOSES OF URETER-CATHETERISM— PRESENTATION OF URETER-CYSTOSCOPE FOR MALE AND FEMALE.
Authors: BRANSFORD LEWIS
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The purposes of ureter-catheterism in connection with the cystoscope are twofold: For diagnosis and for treatment. <h3>DIAGNOSIS.</h3> To locate the origin of pus, blood, tubercular products or bacilli, the various pyogenic infections, abnormally desquamated epithelium, etc., as to whether they come from (a) the bladder, (b) the right ureter, (c) the left ureter, (d) the right kidney (e) the left kidney, (f) the right or (g) the left peri-renal space and communicating with the corresponding kidney or ureter. To recognize and locate obstructive conditions in the right or left ureter, from (a) stricture, (b) stone, (c) adjacent tumors, (d) bend or kink in the ureter from movable or dislocated kidney, (e) valvular junction of ureter and pelvis. To determine (a) the presence of two kidneys, (b) if only one, which is absent. To determine the number of ureters present. To determine the functional activity of each kidney separately and relatively,
Deaths of children in house fires
Authors: I. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Fanning the flames of child health advocacy?

You are never at your best at 4 am, and when the intensive care unit calls to say that the 7 year old girl with smoke inhalation is showing desaturation despite 100% oxygen it takes you a while to recall the ventilator settings. Admitted earlier that day, she was lucky to escape with her life after a house fire in one of the poorer parts of town. Few paediatricians are surprised by the steep social class gradient in childhood mortality and morbidity resulting from residential fires.1 The link with poverty can be made intuitively on the basis of repeated exposure to scenarios like this.

Poverty is both a private trouble and a public issue. Between 1979 and 1987 the number of people living in relative poverty (with less than half the national mean household income) increased from five million to 10 million.2 But in some cases the links are less obvious, and bedside intuition may be unreliable. A principal task when monitoring population child health is to link the private troubles in children's lives with the public issues that engender them. …
Total Blindness Due to Digitalis Toxicity
Authors: Maxwell L. Gelfand
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

TEMPORARY as well as permanent blindness, although mentioned in the list of visual disorders resulting from the use of digitalis or any of its glycosides, has only rarely been encountered.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The following case demonstrates the development of sudden total blindness during the course of cardiac glycoside therapy.Case ReportMrs. O.L., a 67-year-old woman, with hypertensive and arteriosclerotic heart disease and atrial fibrillation, had been in and out of hospitals for the past 3 years, with repeated episodes of congestive heart failure. During 1 admission, 2 years previously, toxic visual symptoms developed on a daily maintenance dose of 0.2 mg. . . .
Increased incidence of menstrual abnormalities and hysterectomy preceding primary biliary cirrhosis.
Authors: A J Stellon, R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A study was performed to assess the incidence of previous hysterectomy and dilatation and curettage among women with primary biliary cirrhosis. In 87 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis hysterectomy or dilatation and curettage had been performed significantly more often than among 100 age matched normal controls and 80 age matched patients with chronic active hepatitis or alcoholic liver disease. Among the 47 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis who had undergone hysterectomy or dilatation and curettage operations had been performed at a mean of 10.7 years and 13.2 years, respectively, before the onset of disease. The main indication for hysterectomy among patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and controls was menorrhagia. These menstrual disorders may be a consequence of high concentrations of oestrogens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.