tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug Spotlight on Antacids and Anticholinergics
Authors: JOHN A. ROMANKIEWICZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1975Drug Spotlight on Antacids and AnticholinergicsJOHN A. ROMANKIEWICZ, PHARM.D., PHILIP P. GERBINO, PHARM.D.JOHN A. ROMANKIEWICZ, PHARM.D., PHILIP P. GERBINO, PHARM.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-3-433_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the recent article spotlighting antacids and anticholinergic drugs (Ann Intern Med 82:544-551, 1975) the authors call attention to the comparative invitro neutralizing capacity of the commonly used aluminumand magnesium-containing liquid antacids. In this same comparison, the authors point out the sodium concentrations of each antacid. This was done to reaffirm the risk of sodium overload, as recognized by Rimer and Frankland (1) when large doses of antacid preparations are used.Maalox® is represented by the authors to contain 34.7 mg (1.5 meq) of sodium per each 31 ml. The authors may have been unaware that Maalox...References1. RIMER D and FRANKLAND M: Sodium content of antacids. JAMA 1973:995-998, 1960 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. FORDTRAN J, MORAWSKI S, and RICHARDSON C: In vivo and in vitro evaluation of liquid antacids. N Engl J Med 288:923-928, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN A. ROMANKIEWICZ, PHARM.D.; PHILIP P. GERBINO, PHARM.D.Affiliations: Pharmacy Department The New York Hospital New York, New York 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1975Volume 83, Issue 3Page: 433-433KeywordsAttentionDrugsSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Communication Skills of House Officers
Authors: DAVID L. DUFFY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The communication skills of house officers in a medical clinic were studied. Ten communication skills were identified as being central to the doctor-patient relationship. Twenty interns and residents were observed in 60 clinic visits. Skills well-demonstrated by the house officers related to listening, history taking, assessing patient compliance, examining the patient, and prescribing therapy. Underdeveloped skills were those that involved obtaining the patient's understanding of his illness, social history, and emotional response and the doctor's explanation of the illness. To enhance performance of these skills, changes are recommended in four areas of ambulatory teaching: liaison psychiatry, faculty development, medical precepting, and the relationship between faculty and house officers.
Diabetes and Sleep Disturbances
Authors: Helaine E. Resnick, Susan Redline, Eyal Shahar, Adele Gilpin, Anne Newman, Robert Walter, Gordon A. Ewy, Barbara V. Howard, Naresh M. Punjabi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To test the hypothesis that diabetes is independently associated with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and in particular that diabetes is associated with sleep abnormalities of a central, rather than obstructive, nature. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Using baseline data from the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS), we related diabetes to 1) the respiratory disturbance index (RDI; number of apneas plus hypopneas per h of sleep); 2) obstructive apnea index (OAI; ≥3 apneas/h of sleep associated with obstruction of the upper airway); 3) percent of sleep time &amp;lt; 90% O2 saturation; 4) central apnea index (CAI; ≥3 apneas [without respiratory effort]/h sleep); 5) occurrence of a periodic breathing (Cheyne Stokes) pattern; and 6) sleep stages. Initial analyses excluding persons with prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) were repeated including these participants. RESULTS—Of the 5,874 participants included in this report, 692 (11.8%) reported diabetes or were taking oral hypoglycemic medications or insulin and 1,002 had prevalent CVD. Among the 4,872 persons without CVD, 470 (9.6%) had diabetes. Diabetic participants had worse CVD risk factor profiles than their nondiabetic counterparts, including higher BMI, waist and neck circumferences, triglycerides, higher prevalence of hypertension, and lower HDL cholesterol (P &amp;lt; 0.001, all). Descriptive analyses indicated differences between diabetic and nondiabetic participants in RDI, sleep stages, sleep time &amp;lt;90% O2 saturation, CAI, and periodic breathing (P &amp;lt; 0.05, all). However, multivariable regression analyses that adjusted for age, sex, BMI, race, and neck circumference eliminated these differences for all sleep measures except percent time in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (19.0% among diabetic vs. 20.1% among nondiabetic subjects, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and prevalence of periodic breathing (odds ratio [OR] for diabetic subjects versus nondiabetic subjects 1.80, 95% CI 1.02–3.15). Additionally, adjusted analyses showed diabetes was associated with nonstatistically significant elevations in the odds of an increased central breathing index (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.80–2.55). Addition to the analysis of the 1,002 persons with prevalent CVD (including 222 people with diabetes) did not materially change these results. CONCLUSIONS—These data suggest that diabetes is associated with periodic breathing, a respiratory abnormality associated with abnormalities in the central control of ventilation. Some sleep disturbances may result from diabetes through the deleterious effects of diabetes on central control of respiration. The high prevalence of SDB in diabetes, although largely explained by obesity and other confounders, suggests the presence of a potentially treatable risk factor for CVD in the diabetic population.
The Relation between Experience and Outcome in Heart Transplantation
Authors: Glenn L. Laffel, Arnold I. Barnett, Stan Finkelstein, Michael P. Kaye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Current policies related to organ transplantation in the United States are designed to ensure that centers and physicians with experience in transplantation perform these procedures. It is essential to confirm the validity of such policies, since they may limit access to transplantation services.To determine the relation between experience with heart transplantation and mortality after the procedure, we merged data from the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation with data from a survey that provided additional information about patients and transplantation centers. Our study included 1123 patients who received a heart transplant at one of 56 hospitals in the United States from 1984 through 1986. We used univariate and bivariate techniques, as well as logistic regression, to analyze our data.We observed an institutional learning curve for heart transplantation. Patients who received one of a center's first five transplants had higher mortality rates than patients who received a subsequent transplant (20 percent vs. 12 percent; P = 0.002; relative risk = 2.2; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 3.4). In addition, we found a correlation between the training of key personnel on the transplantation team and mortality at new transplantation centers. For example, new centers staffed by cardiologists with previous training in heart transplantation had lower mortality rates among heart-transplant recipients than centers without experienced cardiologists (7 percent vs. 16 percent; P = 0.001; relative risk = 2.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 5.9). By contrast, the previous training of the surgeons who performed transplantations was not related to the mortality rate associated with the procedure.Experience with heart transplantation is associated with a better outcome for patients after that procedure. Opportunities exist to refine transplantation policies on the basis of the experience of a center and its transplantation team and to develop similar policies for other forms of organ transplantation.
Treatment of the Buried Bumper Syndrome using a Savary Dilator
Authors: B. Rieder, A. Pfeiffer
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

The buried bumper syndrome is a rare but serious complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). Although a variety of nonoperative techniques have been used to manage the syndrome [1] [2] [3], surgical intervention is necessary to rectify the problem in most cases [4]. We report on an endoscopic method for treating the buried bumper syndrome, using a Savary dilator over a guide wire.
AIDS debate fails to hit target at development summit
Authors: P. Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Only the hopelessly optimistic would have imagined that the world summit on sustainable development, just ended in Johannesburg, would have adequately managed to tackle the health issues that crept into the meetings and on to the agenda.

Among the issues that were continually struggling to find a more prominent place on the agenda was HIV/AIDS, but according to Dr Peter Piot, head of the joint UN programme on AIDS (UNAIDS), people simply forgot about it.

He …
Ferroportin mutation in autosomal dominant hemochromatosis: loss of function, gain in understanding
Authors: Robert E. Fleming, William S. Sly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Normal iron homeostasis requires close matching of dietary iron absorption with body iron needs (1). Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), a common abnormality of iron metabolism, is characterized by excess absorption of dietary iron despite elevated stores, and secondary damage to the liver, pancreas, and other organs (2). Classic HH is caused by mutation of the HFE gene and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. However, a substantial percentage of individuals with hemochromatosis, especially in non–Northern European populations, have no mutations in HFE (3). Many such cases differ from classic HH in the relative distribution of iron between the plasma, hepatocytes, and reticuloendothelial (RE) cells (4).
Position of the Arm
Authors: James Hawley Currens
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I read with interest the article by Drs. John Merendino and Frank Finnerty, entitled "Importance of the Position of the Arm on the Level of Arterial Blood Pressure," inThe Journal, Jan. 7, page 51. I assume that the same arm was used in the study, although it is not stated in the article, and the illustration indicates that the left arm was used in one position and the right arm in the other. Perhaps the authors could clarify this for your readers. The observed difference in the blood pressure in the two positions has been known for some time, and it was for this reason that the arm was held at the level of the heart when determining the blood pressure in the standing position as compared to the lying position (<i>Amer Heart J</i><b>35</b>:646-654 [April] 1948). The authors give no reason for the higher
European initiative approves 15 projects to develop innovative drugs
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The European Commission and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations have taken their first combined step to try to speed up the process of placing innovative drugs on the market.

They have given the go ahead to 15 research projects that will receive €246m (£215m; $339m) in funding. These are designed to improve understanding of several health matters and to tackle bottlenecks in pharmaceutical …
A Controlled Trial of a Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Vaccine
Authors: Laura A. Koutsky, Kevin A. Ault, Cosette M. Wheeler, Darron R. Brown, Eliav Barr, Frances B. Alvarez, Lisa M. Chiacchierini, Kathrin U. Jansen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Approximately 20 percent of adults become infected with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16). Although most infections are benign, some progress to anogenital cancer. A vaccine that reduces the incidence of HPV-16 infection may provide important public health benefits.
Formoterol dry powder in asthma.
Authors: P Bright
Journal: Thorax (1994)

<h3></h3> Although routinely performed, the optimal screening regimen for recurrent disease after curative surgery for lung cancer has yet to be agreed. Radio-surgery has improved prognosis for patients with limited intra-cerebral metastases,<sup>1</sup> however screening for intracerebral recurrence has little evidence base. Local protocol is to perform CT head/chest/abdomen pre surgery and CT chest/abdomen at 3, 12 and 24 months after surgery. We proposed that the addition of CT head to the post-surgical protocol would enable earlier detection of intra-cerebral recurrence, facilitating timely treatment. CT head was added to standard post surgical surveillance programme in February 2015. CT reports were reviewed prospectively and we report data to June 2015. For comparison, retrospective data for all patients currently enrolled in screening was also reviewed. All 222 CT scans for the 115 patients undergoing post-surgical surveillance were reviewed. 28 of these have been performed since our protocol changed to include CT head. In total, 22 patients (19%) had recurrent disease. 2 patients had isolated intracerebral recurrence. This represents 9% of all patients with recurrent disease and these patients would not be identified on previous screening protocol. This is in line with findings from previous work.<sup>2</sup> Four cases of symptomatic intra-cerebral recurrence were identified prior to protocol change. Only one of these patients was eligible for radio-surgery. Since protocol change, one case of asymptomatic isolated intra-cerebral recurrence has been detected through screening; this patient was thereafter treated with radio-surgery. Our results show that isolated intra-cerebral recurrence would be missed on the previous screening protocol. These preliminary results suggest that the addition of CT head in post operative surveillance enables earlier identification of these patients. The earlier detection of intracerebral recurrence as a result of screening may increase referrals for radio-surgery, with potential for improved survival. <h3>References</h3> 1 Andrews, <i>et al</i>. <i>Lancet</i> 2004;<b>363</b>:1665 2 Yokoi, <i>et al</i>. <i>Ann Thorac Surg</i>. 1996;<b>61</b>:546
Comparison of intravenous and aerosol salbutamol.
Authors: M R Hetzel, T J Clark
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Comparison of intravenous and aerosol salbutamolAerosol salbutamol has a prolonged bronchodilator effect' and is more potent than an equal intravenous dose.2We have studied both routes of administration in asthmatic patients to compare their length of action. Patients, methods, and resultsFive patients with well controlled asthma were studied.Their asthma showed no significant diurnal variation.All were being treated with salbu- tamol by regular inhalation, and three took prednisone.They were studied on two consecutive mornings, having stopped bronchodilator drugs for 12 hours. CommentThese results indicate that routine heparin treatment during standard haemodialysis three times a week caused no significant acute change in the SGPT activity.Moreover, the range of SGPT values was not significantly different from that of the normal population, suggesting that chronic, intermittent heparin treatment does not cause on 4 July 2023 by guest.
Human papillomavirus vaccine project stirs controversy in India
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A project in two states in India to vaccinate 32 000 girls aged 10 to 14 years against the human papillomavirus has struck controversy, with women’s groups, health activists, and some doctors questioning its rationale, ethics, and informed consent procedures.

A women’s organisation has asked the government to investigate reports of deaths and side effects among girls who have received the vaccine under the project, which is being run by the Indian Council of Medical Research, the nation’s leading health research agency, and the non-profit Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), which is based in Seattle, Washington. The vaccine has been available to the public in India through private medical practitioners since October 2008.

Project officials have said that the vaccination initiative in Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat seeks to “generate critical data and experience” to plan cost effective strategies to prevent or control cervical cancer. …
Screening for antimalarial maculopathy in rheumatology clinics.
Authors: B W Fleck, A L Bell, J D Mitchell, B J Thomson, N P Hurst, G Nuki
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Ophthalmoscopy and three tests of visual function were undertaken in 39 patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment with antimalarial drugs and in a control group of 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were not receiving such treatment. Visual contrast sensitivity, macular threshold to red light, and central visual fields to red targets were not significantly different in treated patients and controls. There were no abnormalities in visual acuity, but 11 of 76 eyes of treated patients showed minor macular abnormalities on ophthalmoscopy that were not seen in control patients, suggesting that ophthalmoscopy may be the most sensitive measure of early drug toxicity. Five rheumatologists were able to identify 52 of 65 minor changes detected by an ophthalmologist. These studies, and a critical review of published reports, suggest that in clinical practice antimalarial drugs can be administered safely to patients with rheumatoid arthritis without the need for repetitive routine examination by an ophthalmologist or the use of complicated physiological tests. Recording of visual acuity in each eye and ophthalmoscopy by the prescribing doctor may be all that are required to detect early antimalarial maculopathy.
Brain Amyloid Imaging — FDA Approval of Florbetapir F18 Injection
Authors: Lucie Yang, Dwaine Rieves, Charles Ganley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The FDA has approved a new radiopharmaceutical agent to assist in detecting causes of cognitive impairment other than Alzheimer's disease. But unique features of imaging information obtained with florbetapir F18 injection require careful consideration in diagnosis.
NO-1886 (ibrolipim), a lipoprotein lipase activator, increases the expression of uncoupling protein 3 in skeletal muscle and suppresses fat accumulation in high-fat diet–induced obesity in rats
Authors: Masataka Kusunoki, Kazuhiko Tsutsumi, Koshi Iwata, Weidong Yin, Takao Nakamura, Hitoshi Ogawa, Tomoko Nomura, Koya Mizutani, Arao Futenma, Keiko Utsumi, Tetsuro Miyata
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
US takes Gulf war illnesses seriously
Authors: G McBride
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Washington officials are now taking seriously the mystery illness affecting many veterans of the 1991 Gulf war. The Departments of Defense, Veterans Affairs, and Health and Human Services have set up an interagency board to “work to resolve the health concerns of Persian Gulf war veterans, including active duty personnel and reservists with Gulf service.” Twenty research studies have been set up, and advisory committees, investigative task forces, and scientific panels are studying the problem.

* Soldiers in the Gulf war: many came back sick and tired

(Fig Omitted)

The veterans' symptoms include rashes, unremitting fatigue, arthralgias, headache, gastrointestinal problems, irritability, and memory loss. Some veterans say that they start driving their cars and forget where they are going. Some can no longer work. Veterans have …
MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA ON ELECTROANATOMICAL MAPPING IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED BONE MARROW CD34+ CELL RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH NONISCHEMIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Bojan Vrtovec, Gregor Poglajen, Matjaz Sever, Peter Cernelc, Francois Haddad, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Re: Oliver W. Hakenberg, Eva M. Compérat, Suks Minhas, Andrea Necchi, Chris Protzel, Nick Watkin. EAU Guidelines on Penile Cancer: 2014 Update. Eur Urol 2015;67:142–50
Authors: Kamran Zargar-Shoshtari, Pranav Sharma, Philippe E. Spiess
Journal: European Urology (2014)
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE FOR CARDIAC ADVERSE EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD-MODERATE PERFUSION DEFECTS BY MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY
Authors: Marcio Lins Barros, Maria do Carmo Pereira Nunes, Gabriel Braga, Daniel Rocha Rabelo, Fernanda Scaramello, Karen Magalhães, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
In-stent restenosis: long-term outcome and predictors of subsequent target lesion revascularization after repeat balloon angioplasty
Authors: Irene Bossi, Catherine Klersy, Alexander J Black, Rosario Cortina, Remi Choussat, Bernard Cassagneau, Christian Jordan, Jean-Claude Laborde, Jean-Pierre Laurent, Monique Bernies, Jean Fajadet, Jean Marco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Inquiry into vaccine trial in India suggests ineffective oversight
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>494</b> <h3><b>Objectives</b></h3> Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) is caused by mutations in the CLN2 gene. These defects cause neurodegeneration resulting in death by the age of 10-12 years. One treatment for LINCL that has shown promise in animal and clinical studies is gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vehicle to deliver the CLN2 gene to the brain. This is currently accomplished by direct infusion, but there is no way to measure the spatial distribution of administered vector. Iodine-124 labeling of the viral capsid may offer a means for non-invasive determination of spatial distribution using MicroPET imaging. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> The production of AAVrh.10CLN2 met endotoxin, mycoplasma, sterility and transgene expression release criteria. Purified AAVrh.10CLN2 was concentrated to 10<sup>13 </sup>gene copies/ml. Labeling with Na<sup>124</sup>I was carried out at 2-5 <sup>o</sup>C under mild oxidizing conditions in pH 7.5 buffer. Following radiolabeling, the product mixture was purified using an anion exchange cartridge and centrifugal filtration. Purified <sup>124</sup>I-AAVrh.10CLN2 was formulated in a pH 7.4 PBS buffer. The sterile formulation was injected (2 μl at 2.5 μCi/μl) intraparenchymally to the striatum in the murine brain and imaged on a Siemens Inveon MicroPET scanner (n=3). Thirty minute PET scans were acquired for each mouse. For the control group, we performed the same procedure using free Na<sup>124</sup>I (n=3). <h3><b>Results</b></h3> The radiolabeling efficiency was in the range of 12-14%. PET/CT imaging clearly demonstrated the spatial distribution of vector over a ten day period, with minimal uptake in the unblocked thyroid. In contrast, free iodide was rapidly cleared from the brain within 2 days (Figure 1). <h3><b>Conclusions</b></h3> Adeno-associated virus was successfully labeled with I-124 and its distribution in the mouse brain was observed. This radiolabeling approach has the potential for wide application in gene therapy trials.