tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular risk markers in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and correlation with obesity
Authors: S. Ryan, G. M Nolan, E. Hannigan, S. Cunningham, C. Taylor, W. T McNicholas
Journal: Thorax (2007)

High C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Some, but not all, previous studies have reported increased levels of CRP and homocysteine in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). A study was undertaken to investigate the levels of these factors in carefully selected patients with OSAS and matched normal controls.CRP and homocysteine levels were measured in 110 subjects following polysomnography (PSG). Non-OSAS patients (group 1) were compared with two patient groups (mild/moderate OSAS (group 2) and severe OSAS (group 3)) group-matched for body mass index (BMI), and a fourth group of patients with severe OSAS who were more obese (group 4). All were free of other disease and similar in age, smoking habits and cholesterol levels. 50 suitable patients were commenced on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment after PSG and 49 were reassessed 6 weeks later.CRP levels were similar in groups 1, 2 and 3 (median (interquartile range (IQR)) 1.11 (0.76-2.11) mg/l vs 1.82 (1.20-3.71) mg/l vs 2.20 (1.16-3.59) mg/l; p=0.727, Kruskal-Wallis test), but were significantly higher in group 4 than in the other groups (5.36 (2.42-9.17) mg/l, p<0.05 by individual group comparisons). In multivariate analysis of all subjects, BMI was an independent predictor for CRP levels (beta=0.221; p=0.006) but apnoea-hypopnoea index and other measures of OSAS were not. There was no difference in homocysteine levels between all four groups (p=0.1). CPAP did not alter CRP (2.29 (1.32-4.10) vs 2.84 (1.13-5.40) mg/l; p=0.145) or homocysteine levels (8.49 (3.66) vs 9.90 (4.72) micromol/l; p=0.381).CRP and homocysteine levels are not associated with OSAS severity in men but CRP is independently associated with obesity.
Palliative Resection of the Primary Tumour is Associated with Increased Survival in Patients with Synchronous Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study from the Netherlands
Authors: J. 't Lam -Boer, L. Van derGeest, C. Verhoef, M. Koopman, M. Elferink, J. De Wilt
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Survival Benefit of Solid-Organ Transplant in the United States
Authors: Abbas Rana, Angelika Gruessner, Vatche G. Agopian, Zain Khalpey, Irbaz B. Riaz, Bruce Kaplan, Karim J. Halazun, Ronald W. Busuttil, Rainer W. G. Gruessner
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

The field of transplantation has made tremendous progress since the first successful kidney transplant in 1954.To determine the survival benefit of solid-organ transplant as recorded during a 25-year study period in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database and the Social Security Administration Death Master File.In this retrospective analysis of UNOS data for solid-organ transplant during a 25-year period (September 1, 1987, through December 31, 2012), we reviewed the records of 1,112,835 patients: 533,329 recipients who underwent a transplant and 579 506 patients who were placed on the waiting list but did not undergo a transplant.The primary outcome was patient death while on the waiting list or after transplant. Kaplan-Meier survival functions were used for time-to-event analysis.We found that 2,270,859 life-years (2,150,200 life-years from the matched analysis) were saved to date during the 25 years of solid-organ transplant. A mean of 4.3 life-years were saved (observed to date) per solid-organ transplant recipient. Kidney transplant saved 1,372,969 life-years; liver transplant, 465,296 life-years; heart transplant, 269,715 life-years; lung transplant, 64,575 life-years; pancreas-kidney transplant, 79,198 life-years; pancreas transplant, 14,903 life-years; and intestine transplant, 4402 life-years.Our analysis demonstrated that more than 2 million life-years were saved to date by solid-organ transplants during a 25-year study period. Transplants should be supported and organ donation encouraged.
Predictors of clinical outcome in a national hospitalised cohort across both waves of the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic 2009–2010 in the UK
Authors: Puja R Myles, Malcolm G Semple, Wei Shen Lim, Peter J M Openshaw, Elaine M Gadd, Robert C Read, Bruce L Taylor, Stephen J Brett, James McMenamin, Joanne E Enstone, Colin Armstrong, Barbara Bannister, Karl G Nicholson, Jonathan S Nguyen-Van-Tam
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Although generally mild, the 2009–2010 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic caused two major surges in hospital admissions in the UK. The characteristics of patients admitted during successive waves are described. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were systematically obtained on 1520 patients admitted to 75 UK hospitals between May 2009 and January 2010. Multivariable analyses identified factors predictive of severe outcome. <h3>Results</h3> Patients aged 5–54 years were over-represented compared with winter seasonal admissions for acute respiratory infection, as were non-white ethnic groups (first wave only). In the second wave patients were less likely to be school age than in the first wave, but their condition was more likely to be severe on presentation to hospital and they were more likely to have delayed admission. Overall, 45% had comorbid conditions, 16.5% required high dependency (level 2) or critical (level 3) care and 5.3% died. As in 1918–1919, the likelihood of severe outcome by age followed a W-shaped distribution. Pre-admission antiviral drug use decreased from 13.3% to 10% between the first and second waves (p=0.048), while antibiotic prescribing increased from 13.6% to 21.6% (p&lt;0.001). Independent predictors of severe outcome were age 55–64 years, chronic lung disease (non-asthma, non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), neurological disease, recorded obesity, delayed admission (≥5 days after illness onset), pneumonia, C-reactive protein ≥100 mg/litre, and the need for supplemental oxygen or intravenous fluid replacement on admission. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There were demographic, ethnic and clinical differences between patients admitted with pandemic H1N1 infection and those hospitalised during seasonal influenza activity. Despite national policies favouring use of antiviral drugs, few patients received these before admission and many were given antibiotics.
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortical Pathology in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging Study
Authors: Sanjay J. Mathew, Xiangling Mao, Jeremy D. Coplan, Eric L.P. Smith, Harold A. Sackeim, Jack M. Gorman, Dikoma C. Shungu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

Few neuroimaging studies of generalized anxiety disorder have been conducted. The present study used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess concentrations of N-acetylaspartate, often considered a marker of neuronal viability, in generalized anxiety disorder patients.N-Acetylaspartate/creatine resonance ratios were measured in the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of 15 medication-free generalized anxiety disorder patients and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers.Generalized anxiety disorder patients had a 16.5% higher N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared with healthy participants; 13 of 15 matched patient-comparison subject pairs displayed a difference in this direction. In addition, generalized anxiety disorder patients reporting childhood abuse had lower N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex than did nonabused patients. Metabolite differences were not detected in other regions.Generalized anxiety disorder is associated with asymmetric increases in the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio, a suggested marker of neuronal viability, in the prefrontal cortex. The findings also support prior research linking childhood abuse to reduced neuronal viability.
Integrative Biology Approach Identifies Cytokine Targeting Strategies for Psoriasis
Authors: Gayathri K. Perera, Chrysanthi Ainali, Ekaterina Semenova, Christian Hundhausen, Guillermo Barinaga, Deepika Kassen, Andrew E. Williams, Muddassar M. Mirza, Mercedesz Balazs, Xiaoting Wang, Robert Sanchez Rodriguez, Andrej Alendar, Jonathan Barker, Sophia Tsoka, Wenjun Ouyang, Frank O. Nestle
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Cytokines are critical checkpoints of inflammation. The treatment of human autoimmune disease has been revolutionized by targeting inflammatory cytokines as key drivers of disease pathogenesis. Despite this, there exist numerous pitfalls when translating preclinical data into the clinic. We developed an integrative biology approach combining human disease transcriptome data sets with clinically relevant in vivo models in an attempt to bridge this translational gap. We chose interleukin-22 (IL-22) as a model cytokine because of its potentially important proinflammatory role in epithelial tissues. Injection of IL-22 into normal human skin grafts produced marked inflammatory skin changes resembling human psoriasis. Injection of anti-IL-22 monoclonal antibody in a human xenotransplant model of psoriasis, developed specifically to test potential therapeutic candidates, efficiently blocked skin inflammation. Bioinformatic analysis integrating both the IL-22 and anti-IL-22 cytokine transcriptomes and mapping them onto a psoriasis disease gene coexpression network identified key cytokine-dependent hub genes. Using knockout mice and small-molecule blockade, we show that one of these hub genes, the so far unexplored serine/threonine kinase PIM1, is a critical checkpoint for human skin inflammation and potential future therapeutic target in psoriasis. Using in silico integration of human data sets and biological models, we were able to identify a new target in the treatment of psoriasis.
810 INTERPLAY BETWEEN ON-TREATMENT PREDICTORS AND DONOR/RECIPIENT (D/R) IL28B STATUS IN PREDICTING SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE (SVR) IN HCV-1,4 LIVER TRANSPLANT (LT) RECIPIENTS TREATED WITH PEG-INTERFERON+ RIBAVIRIN (PR)
Authors: M.F. Donato, C. Rigamonti, A.J. Bastiampillai, A. Aghemo, E. Galmozzi, T. De Feo, E. Longhi, G. Rossi, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Vinorelbine plus Cisplatin vs. Observation in Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Timothy Winton, Robert Livingston, David Johnson, James Rigas, Michael Johnston, Charles Butts, Yvon Cormier, Glenwood Goss, Richard Inculet, Eric Vallieres, Willard Fry, Drew Bethune, Joseph Ayoub, Keyue Ding, Lesley Seymour, Barbara Graham, Ming-Sound Tsao, David Gandara, Kenneth Kesler, Todd Demmy, Frances Shepherd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We undertook to determine whether adjuvant vinorelbine plus cisplatin prolongs overall survival among patients with completely resected early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.We randomly assigned patients with completely resected stage IB or stage II non-small-cell lung cancer to vinorelbine plus cisplatin or to observation. The primary end point was overall survival; principal secondary end points were recurrence-free survival and the toxicity and safety of the regimen.A total of 482 patients underwent randomization to vinorelbine plus cisplatin (242 patients) or observation (240); 45 percent of the patients had pathological stage IB disease and 55 percent had stage II, and all had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1. In both groups, the median age was 61 years, 65 percent were men, and 53 percent had adenocarcinomas. Chemotherapy caused neutropenia in 88 percent of patients (including grade 3 febrile neutropenia in 7 percent) and death from toxic effects in two patients (0.8 percent). Nonhematologic toxic effects of chemotherapy were fatigue (81 percent of patients), nausea (80 percent), anorexia (55 percent), vomiting (48 percent), neuropathy (48 percent), and constipation (47 percent), but severe (grade 3 or greater) toxic effects were uncommon (<10 percent). Overall survival was significantly prolonged in the chemotherapy group as compared with the observation group (94 vs. 73 months; hazard ratio for death, 0.69; P=0.04), as was relapse-free survival (not reached vs. 46.7 months; hazard ratio for recurrence, 0.60; P<0.001). Five-year survival rates were 69 percent and 54 percent, respectively (P=0.03).Adjuvant vinorelbine plus cisplatin has an acceptable level of toxicity and prolongs disease-free and overall survival among patients with completely resected early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.
Individual differences in age preferences in mates: Taking a closer look
Authors: Dorothy Einon
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

British marriage statistics ( N = 311,564) suggest that women of breeding age choose young men. Women past breeding age who could still be raising children extend choices to include older men. After this, women do not marry. The choices of men over 50 are restricted to women between 40 and 55: past breeding but young enough to be raising children; the few men over 50 that marry choose women in this age range.
Effectiveness of terbinafine in cutaneous alternariosis
Authors: G.F. Altomare, G.L. Capella, V. Boneschi, M.A. Viviani
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 142, Issue 4 p. 840-841 Effectiveness of terbinafine in cutaneous alternariosis G.F. Altomare, G.F. Altomare Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorG.L. Capella, G.L. Capella Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorV. Boneschi, V. Boneschi Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorM.A. Viviani, M.A. Viviani Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Milan, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy Search for more papers by this author G.F. Altomare, G.F. Altomare Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorG.L. Capella, G.L. Capella Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorV. Boneschi, V. Boneschi Department of Dermatology and Search for more papers by this authorM.A. Viviani, M.A. Viviani Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Milan, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy Search for more papers by this author First published: 24 December 2001 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03453.xCitations: 21AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume142, Issue4April 2000Pages 840-841 RelatedInformation
The irritable bowel.
Authors: W G Thompson
Journal: Gut (1984)

Progress reportThe irritable bowel There is no subject other than the weather so prone to uninformed comment as bowel function.Ignorance notwithstanding, gut disorder is a significant health problem.There are more physician visits in the United States for the irritable bowel syndrome than for inflammatory bowel disease and the days in hospital are similar in the two conditions.1The irritable bowel syndrome is the most common disease category seen by gastroenterologists.2This review will discuss the irritable bowel stressing developments which have occurred since 1978.3 PrevalenceNo practising physician would deny that the irritable bowel syndrome is common.In Bristol, 14% of 301 adults who were not patients said they had abdominal pain relieved by defaecation more than six times per year.4These subjects had the following symptoms more often than others: altered frequency and consistency with pain onset, distension, mucus, and a feeling of incomplete evacuation after defaecation.These symptoms appear to be more common in the irritable bowel syndrome than in organic gastrointestinal disease.5A further 7% had abdominal pain unaffected by bowel movements, 6% had straining greater than 25% of bowel movements (constipation), and 4% had loose, runny stools greater than 25% of bowel movements (diarrhoea).Thus 30% of this group of people seemed to have gut dysfunction.Similar figures have been reported by Drossman6 and Whitehead.7More accurate epidemiology must await a survey of a true random sample of the population and a precise definition of the disorder.It is of note that only 20% of subjects with gut symptoms had ever seen a doctor about them.4We do not know why this minority sought medical attention, but it is unlikely that severity of symptoms was the only factor.Worry about serious disease, anti-cancer propaganda, and the availability of free health care lead many to consult a doctor.Mistrust of medical opinion and unrealistic expectation of treatment may generate repeated consultations especially in Canada and the United States where it is easier than in Britain to be referred to several specialists. Quest for definitionIf epidemiology and clinical studies are to progress there is need for a clear definition of the irritable bowel syndrome.The literature before 1940 emphasised the presence of mucus in the stools as a marker.810Several writers have been satisfied to define the irritable bowel syndrome by what
Inflammatory and MicroRNA Gene Expression as Prognostic Classifier of Barrett's-Associated Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Giang Huong Nguyen, Aaron J. Schetter, David B. Chou, Elise D. Bowman, Ronghua Zhao, Jason E. Hawkes, Ewy A. Mathé, Kensuke Kumamoto, Yiqiang Zhao, Anuradha Budhu, Nobutoshi Hagiwara, Xin Wei Wang, Masao Miyashita, Alan G. Casson, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly forms of cancer; highlighting the need to identify biomarkers for early detection and prognostic classification. Our recent studies have identified inflammatory gene and microRNA signatures derived from tumor and nontumor tissues as prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular, lung, and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Here, we examine the relationship between expression of these inflammatory genes and micro RNA (miRNA) expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma and patient survival. Experimental Design: We measured the expression of 23 inflammation-associated genes in tumors and adjacent normal tissues from 93 patients (58 Barrett's and 35 Sporadic adenocarcinomas) by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These data were used to build an inflammatory risk model, based on multivariate Cox regression, to predict survival in a training cohort (n = 47). We then determined whether this model could predict survival in a cohort of 46 patients. Expression data for miRNA-375 were available for these patients and was combined with inflammatory gene expression. Results: IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-8, IL-21, IL-23, and proteoglycan expression in tumor and nontumor samples were each associated with poor prognosis based on Cox regression [(Z-score)&amp;gt;1.5] and therefore were used to generate an inflammatory risk score (IRS). Patients with a high IRS had poor prognosis compared with those with a low IRS in the training (P = 0.002) and test (P = 0.012) cohorts. This association was stronger in the group with Barrett's history. When combining with miRNA-375, the combined IRS/miR signature was an improved prognostic classifier than either one alone. Conclusion: Transcriptional profiling of inflammation-associated genes and miRNA expression in resected esophageal Barrett's-associated adenocarcinoma tissues may have clinical utility as predictors of prognosis. Clin Cancer Res; 16(23); 5824–34. ©2010 AACR.
Oxygen improves maximal exercise performance in interstitial lung disease.
Authors: A O Harris-Eze, G Sridhar, R E Clemens, C G Gallagher, D D Marciniuk
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

We examined whether arterial hypoxemia impairs incremental exercise performance in subjects with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Seven subjects underwent two incremental exercise tests on a bicycle ergometer in random order; one while breathing room air (RA), and the other while breathing 60% O2. Maximal exercise performance was impaired in all subjects: maximal oxygen uptake (peak VO2) was 56 +/- 4% predicted (+/- SEM); and all subjects demonstrated significant arterial oxygen desaturation during exercise breathing RA (mean 11 +/- 1%). Breathing 60% O2 during exercise resulted in a significant increase in peak VO2 (RA: 1.32 +/- 0.05 L/min; O2: 1.58 +/- 0.08 L/min; p < 0.05), exercise duration (RA: 390 +/- 21 s; O2: 458 +/- 24 s; p < 0.01) and maximal work load (RA: 112 +/- 6 watts; O2: 129 +/- 6 watts; p < 0.005). There was no significant difference in maximal minute ventilation (VI) achieved at the end of both tests. At matched ventilation (90% peak VI from the RA test), respiratory frequency (f) was significantly higher (RA: 33 +/- 2 breaths/min; O2: 35 +/- 2 breaths/min; p < 0.05), and tidal volume (VT) significantly lower (RA: 1.72 +/- 0.15 L; O2: 1.64 +/- 0.12; p < 0.05) when subjects exercised breathing oxygen. We conclude that arterial hypoxemia significantly impairs incremental exercise performance in subjects with ILD, but that mechanisms other than arterial oxygen desaturation are responsible for the rapid, shallow breathing pattern these subjects adopt during exercise.
F-Box Only Protein 7 Gene in Parkinsonian-Pyramidal Disease
Authors: Hao Deng, Hui Liang, Joseph Jankovic
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Parkinson disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging. At least 18 genetic loci and 13 disease-related genes for parkinsonism have been identified. Among them, PARK15 -associated parkinsonism, also referred to as parkinsonian-pyramidal disease (PPD), was found to be caused by mutations in the F-box only protein 7 gene (FBXO7). Parkinsonian-pyramidal disease differs from typical Parkinson disease chiefly by juvenile onset and the presence of spasticity. Four mutations have been identified and a pattern of autosomal recessive inheritance has been proposed in all reported PPD families. The FBXO7 protein is a member of the Skp1-Cullin-F-box-type E3 ubiquitin ligases, which play important roles in targeting proteins for ubiquitination. Although PPD is a relatively rare parkinsonian disorder, understanding its genetic and pathological mechanisms may lead to new insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease and development of therapeutic strategies not only for PPD but also for other parkinsonian disorders.