tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conference Report: Wartime practice and modern medicine in a Jersey spring
Authors: G. Macpherson, L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1988)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To investigate the clinical value of a new non-invasive method for assessing baroreflex sensitivity using downward tilting. <h3>PATIENTS</h3> 34 patients with diabetes mellitus, mean (SD) age, 53.6 (11.8) years. <h3>DESIGN</h3> Arterial blood pressure and ECG were recorded simultaneously while the patients were on a tilt table. After 20 minutes at a 70° upright tilt, the patients were returned to the supine position at a speed of 3.2°/s (downward tilting baroreflex sensitivity test, DT-BRS). A beat to beat systolic blood pressure increase associated with a corresponding lengthening of the RR interval was noted during downward tilting. Baroreflex sensitivity was also assessed using the conventional method of an intravenous injection of phenylephrine (Phe-BRS). Heart rate variability was analysed during rest and tilting. <h3>RESULTS</h3> The slope of the regression line for systolic blood pressure <i>v</i> RR interval during downward tilting was highly correlated with Phe-BRS (<i>r</i> = 0.83, p &lt; 0.0001). Both DT-BRS and Phe-BRS were correlated with the high frequency (HF) component of resting heart rate variability (p &lt; 0.005) and with the ratio of the low frequency to the high frequency component (LF/HF) during upright tilting (p &lt; 0.005). DT-BRS and Phe-BRS were also correlated with the difference between rest and tilting values of HF and LF/HF (p &lt; 0.005). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> DT-BRS provides a physiological, non-invasive method for determining baroreflex sensitivity and may be a useful index of reflex cardiac vagal and sympathetic function in patients with diabetes mellitus.
NEDD8-Targeting Drug MLN4924 Elicits DNA Rereplication by Stabilizing Cdt1 in S Phase, Triggering Checkpoint Activation, Apoptosis, and Senescence in Cancer Cells
Authors: Jie Jessie Lin, Michael A. Milhollen, Peter G. Smith, Usha Narayanan, Anindya Dutta
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

MLN4924 is a first-in-class experimental cancer drug that inhibits the NEDD8-activating enzyme, thereby inhibiting cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases and stabilizing many cullin substrates. The mechanism by which MLN4924 inhibits cancer cell proliferation has not been defined, although it is accompanied by DNA rereplication and attendant DNA damage. Here we show that stabilization of the DNA replication factor Cdt1, a substrate of cullins 1 and 4, is critical for MLN4924 to trigger DNA rereplication and inhibit cell proliferation. Even only 1 hour of exposure to MLN4924, which was sufficient to elevate Cdt1 for 4-5 hours, was found to be sufficient to induce DNA rereplication and to activate apoptosis and senescence pathways. Cells in S phase were most susceptible, suggesting that MLN4924 will be most toxic on highly proliferating cancers. Although MLN4924-induced cell senescence seems to be dependent on induction of p53 and its downstream effector p21(Waf1), we found that p53(-/-) and p21(-/-) cells were even more susceptible than wild-type cells to MLN4924. Our results suggested that apoptosis, not senescence, might be more important for the antiproliferative effect of MLN4924. Furthermore, our findings show that transient exposure to this new investigational drug should be useful for controlling p53-negative cancer cells, which often pose significant clinical challenge.
Bleeding due to disruption of a cargo-specific ER-to-Golgi transport complex
Authors: Bin Zhang, Michael A Cunningham, William C Nichols, John A Bernat, Uri Seligsohn, Steven W Pipe, John H McVey, Ursula Schulte-Overberg, Norma B de Bosch, Arlette Ruiz-Saez, Gilbert C. White, EGD Tuddenham, Randal J. Kaufman, David Ginsburg
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Re: Udo Nagele, Markus Kuczyk, Aristotelis G. Anastasiadis, Karl-Dietrich Sievert, Jörg Seibold and Arnulf Stenzl. Radical Cystectomy and Orthotopic Bladder Replacement in Females, Eur Urol 2006;50:249–257
Authors: Mark Schrader, Kurt Miller
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Crystal Structure of the Group 1 Allergen From the Dust Mite Blomia tropicalis - A Structural Explanation For the Low IgE Cross-Reactivity With Der p 1
Authors: K.H. Meno, J.S. Kastrup, I. Kuo, M. Gajhede, N. Cheong, M.D. Spangfort, K.Y. Chua
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
From the Office of the General Counsel. Genetic screening by employers
Authors: D. Orentlicher
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Progress in mapping the human genome will increase our understanding of the role genes play in controlling disease and is expected to increase demand for genetic screening by employers. There is some concern that employers may use genetic information to discriminate against employees or potential employees on the grounds of public safety or economics. Orentlicher, writing for the American Medical Association's Office of the General Counsel, reviews the legal mechanisms already in place that could be applied to the issue of genetic testing by employers. He discusses provisions of the pending federal Americans with Disabilities Act, which could be used to restrict employers who receive federal funds from screening for genetic risks. Orentlicher views the issues raised by genetic testing as analogous to those associated with employer testing for communicable diseases, drugs, and other health problems.
Effects of Flecainide in Patients With New <i>SCN5A</i> Mutation
Authors: J. Benhorin, R. Taub, M. Goldmit, B. Kerem, R. S. Kass, I. Windman, A. Medina
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene ( SCN5A ) can cause one variant of the congenital long-QT syndrome. The effects of some of these mutations on the α-subunit channel properties can be blocked by type Ib antiarrhythmic drugs. Recently, we have described a new SCN5A mutation ( D1790G ) that affects the channel properties in a manner suggesting that sodium blockers of the Ib type will be ineffective in carriers of this mutation. Hence, the ECG effects of flecainide-acetate, a type Ic sodium blocker, were evaluated in carriers of this mutation. Methods and Results —Eight asymptomatic mutation carriers and 5 control subjects were studied. Intravenous lidocaine was tested first in only 2 mutation carriers and had no significant effect on any ECG parameter. Flecainide significantly shortened all heart rate–corrected repolarization duration parameters only in carriers and not in control subjects: QT c shortened by 9.5% (from 517±45 to 468±36 ms, P =0.011), and the S-offset to T-onset interval shortened by 64.7% (from 187±88 to 66±50 ms, P =0.0092). Flecainide also normalized the marked baseline repolarization dispersion in most mutation carriers. These effects among carriers were maintained during long-term (9 to 17 months) outpatient flecainide therapy with no adverse effects. Conclusions —This report is the first to describe SCN5A mutation carriers who significantly responded to flecainide therapy yet did not respond to lidocaine. These results have important implications for long-QT allele–specific therapeutic strategies.
Neurologic Manifestations of Bacterial Endocarditis and Septicemia.
Authors: H. Royden Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Neurologic Manifestations of Bacterial Endocarditis and Septicemia.H. Royden Jones Jr., Robert G. Siekert, M.D., F.A.C.P., Joseph E. Geraci, M.D., F.A.C.P.H. Royden Jones Jr.Search for more papers by this author, Robert G. Siekert, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph E. Geraci, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1063_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe protean manifestations of bacterial endocarditis and septicemia are generally well appreciated. However, there has been little recent emphasis on the neurologic manifestations and, in particular, on the results of antimicrobial therapy for these abnormalities.A series of 386 cases with positive blood cultures appropriate heart murmurs, and multisystem involvement were reviewed. About one third (111 cases) had neurologic abnormalities, which were divided into the following categories: [1] cerebrovascular abnormalities (cerebral infarct, cerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage); [2] toxic encephalopathy; [3] meningitis; [4] convulsive disorder; [5] headache; [6] neuropathy; [7] retinal abnormalities; and [8] miscellaneous (movement disorder, myopathy).Streptococcus viridans(50%)... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1063-1063KeywordsBrain diseasesEndocarditisHeadachesHeart murmursMeningitisMovement disordersNeuropathySepsisStreptococcusSubarachnoid hemorrhage Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Ann Lloyd-Jones (nee Parry-Williams)
Authors: A. Lloyd-Jones, R. Stone
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Ann Lloyd-Jones (nee Parry-Williams) wrote her own obituary in the third person:

“Ann Lloyd Jones worked in community medicine (child health) and in Flintshire Family Planning Association for eight years, during which time she established a new clinic in Mold. On moving to Cardiff in 1969 …
Comprehension Assessment of Diabetes Education Program Participants
Authors: Belinda McNeal, Zora Salisbury, Pat Baumgardner, Frances C Wheeler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

Diabetes education program participants were assessed to determine their reading and comprehension skill levels, and written and oral instructions were evaluated to determine the reading level of information presented in the education program. A significant mismatch was found between the reading and comprehension levels of program participants and thelevel of oral instruction and printed materials. More than half of the program participants could not fully comprehend educational materials at 5th-grade level, while nearly all written materials and oral instructions were presented at the 9th-grade level or above.
The Continuing Quest for Measuring and Improving Access to Necessary Care
Authors: Edward L. Hannan
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biological diversity, ecology, and global climate change.
Authors: P R Jutro
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Worldwide climate change and loss of biodiversity are issues of global scope and importance that have recently become subjects of considerable public concern. Unlike classical public health issues and many environmental issues, their perceived threat lies in their potential to disrupt ecological functioning and stability rather than from any direct threat that may pose to human health. Over the last 5 years, the international scientific community and the general public have become aware of the implications that atmospheric warming might have for world climate patterns and the resulting changes in the persistence, location, and composition of ecosystems worldwide. At the same time, awareness of the magnitude of current and impending losses of the world's biological diversity has increased. Human activities are currently responsible for a species loss rate that is the most extreme in millions of years, and an alarmingly increasing rate of transformation and fragmentation of natural landscapes. We are just beginning to grasp the meaning of this loss in terms of opportunity costs to human society and the less quantifiable losses associated with simplification of natural ecosystems. In the case of both global warming and reduction of biological diversity, man is affecting nature in an unprecedented fashion, on a global scale, and with unpredictable and frequently irreversible results.
Abstract 4339: RGD-conjugated nanoparticles for targeted inhibition of adhesion and migration of integrin αvβ3-overexpressing breast cancer cells.
Authors: Dan Shan, Ping Cai, Preethy Prasad, Andrew Michael Rauth, Xiao Yu Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Tumor cell adhesion and migration are critical in the establishment of metastasis. This study aims to develop a RGD-conjugated nanoparticle system that is able to target αvβ3 integrin receptor-overexpressing breast tumor cells while evading the liver uptake, thus enhancing treatment of cancer metastasis through inhibition of adhesion and migration of cancer cells. Methods: The nanoparticle formulation was first optimized with a suitable concentration of RGD targeting moiety on the nanoparticle surface to maximize nanoparticle accumulation in tumor and minimize liver uptake. RGD-conjugated solid lipid nanoparticles (RGD-SLNs) were synthesized with a fatty acid lipid core and a poly(ethylene glycol) corona and decorated with varying concentrations of RGD peptides (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 5% and 10% mol/mol ratio). The quantity and kinetics of the nanoparticle binding to αvβ3 integrin receptor and in vitro cellular uptake on αvβ3 positive MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated by fluorescence microscopy and compared with the results with αvβ3 negative MCF-7 cells. The influence of RGD-SLNs on cell adhesion and migration via binding to αvβ3 integrin receptor was examined using standard adhesion and transwell migration assays. Whole animal biodistribution, tumor uptake and intratumoral distribution of quantum dot-loaded nanoparticles were investigated to identify optimized RGD-concentrations. Results: RGD-SLNs showed specific binding for αvβ3 integrin receptors on MDA-MB-231 cells as compared to the negative control (MCF-7 cells). The RGD-SLN formed clusters at the cellular membrane and then entered the cells at a lower pace than SLN. The RGD-SLNs also exhibited higher cellular uptake compared to SLN in MDA-MB-231 cells while there was no detectable difference in uptake in αvβ3 negative MCF-7 cells. RGD concentration of 1% on the SLN surface was found to have most tumor retention and low liver uptake among all formulations. Receptor mediated uptake of RGD-SLNs reduced cell adhesion and migration towards fibronectin gradient, attributable to the occupation of the receptors by the RGD-SLN and slow recycling of the receptors to the cell surface. Conclusions: We have optimized the RGD-SLN formulation to maximize tumor accumulation and minimize liver uptake. The RGD-SLN formulation has the potential to prevent metastasis through interference with cell adhesion and migration. Citation Format: Dan Shan, Ping Cai, Preethy Prasad, Andrew Michael Rauth, Xiao Yu Wu. RGD-conjugated nanoparticles for targeted inhibition of adhesion and migration of integrin αvβ3-overexpressing breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4339. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4339
BONE-HOLDING FORCEPS
Authors: Robert Emmett Farr
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The multiplicity of bone forceps designed to overcome the displacement of bones is sufficient evidence that most of these devices have certain shortcomings. In order to meet the requirements, such a device must have sufficient strength, and adaptability to bones of different diameters. Its application should be simple and it should have means of overcoming displacements by manipulations. The instrument herein described consists of two long bone-holding forceps which may be readily united to each other by a carriage and worm-drive arrangement which requires the forceps to be brought parallel to each other in one plane only. Once assembled, extension may be made by means of the worm drive, which is operated by means of a two-way reversible ratchet. Movement in one plane may then be accomplished by moving the handles of the forceps over the screw, which acts as a fulcrum. Movement in the lateral plane is achieved by
National guidelines are urgently needed
Authors: M. A. Przybylo, A. Guleri, R. Sharma, R. Palmer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Febrile neutropenia is a medical emergency that is associated with morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately with urgency.1 Guidelines define fever as either a single oral temperature of 38.3°C or 38.0°C for one hour and neutropenia as a neutrophil count ≤0.5×109/L or ≤1.0×109/L, with a predicted decrease …
Incidental reduction in the size of liver hemangioma following use of VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab
Authors: Dipti Mahajan, Charles Miller, Kenzo Hirose, Arthur McCullough, Lisa Yerian
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

Hepatic cavernous hemangioma is the second most common liver tumor after metastases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is recognized as an essential regulator of blood vessel growth. High VEGF expression leads to increased angiogenic activity in cavernous hemangioma endothelial cells. The use of specific antibodies directed against VEGF abolishes this vascular endothelial growth-promoting activity in vitro. Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against VEGF which is used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with 5-fluorouracil-based regimens.We report a patient with invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma and suspected liver metastasis on radiological examination, who showed a significant decrease in the size of his liver lesions after bevacizumab treatment. Histology of the liver lesions revealed hemangioma with a strong staining for VEGF and anti-VEGFr2 antibody in the hemangioma endothelial cells. To date, surgical resection provides the only consistently effective method for treatment of hepatic hemangioma.This is the first documented case of hepatic hemangioma responsive to antiangiogenic therapy, suggesting a possible use for these agents in treating symptomatic patients without surgery. VEGF-signaling blockade including bevacizumab use poses a potential new treatment modality for vascular neoplasms in the liver and other sites.
Successful Surgical Repair of a Ruptured Aneurysm of the Sinus of Valsalva
Authors: ANDREW G. MORROW, R. ROBINSON BAKER, HANS ERIK HANSON, THOMAS W. MATTINGLY
Journal: Circulation (1957)

A patient is described in whom an aneurysm of the right coronary sinus of Valsalva ruptured into the right atrium. A new method of surgical closure is presented along with pertinent physiologic data obtained before and after operation.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS FROM INFLUENZA PATIENTS
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky, Frederick L. Gates
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

After artificial cultivation for a period of over 3 years Bacterium pneumosintes has maintained its original morphological and cultural characteristics, when grown in the original medium. Adaptation to a saprophytic existence has been accompanied by a loss of pathogenicity. Our strains now grow readily under strictly anaerobic conditions in a variety of media with peptone broth as a base, enriched with fresh tissue, blood, or by the growth of other bacteria. Surface colonies have been obtained on blood agar plates in. an anaerobic jar. These various methods of cultivation are adapted to special purposes. In broth cultures Bacterium pneumosintes grows in larger forms than in the ascitic fluid-tissue medium, but the identity of the microorganisms is proved by their serological reactions and by reversion to the minute forms on transfer to the original medium.
Current Concepts in Digitalis Therapy
Authors: Bernard Lown, Samuel A. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

Rising Incidence of Digitalis Intoxication With the introduction of the purified glycosides it was expected that the incidence of intoxication would diminish. The patient on such maintenance therapy is assured a constant dosage because the uncontrollable variation in the potency of digitalis-leaf preparations is removed. The converse, however, has been true. Many recent reports indicate a mounting frequency of digitalis poisoning.46, 69 70 71 72 73 74 Digitalis is becoming a significant factor in cardiac death. The explanations given are that the glycosides are more toxic than leaf and that the premonitory symptoms are infrequent or absent. Both these contentions are without clinical substance. The pattern . . .
Experience of a Scientific Panel Formed to Advise the Federal Judiciary on Silicone Breast Implants
Authors: B S Hulka, N L Kerkvliet, P Tugwell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Scientific methods for determining truth differ from judicial methods. Scientists confer, develop theories, and then test their theories by performing data-based research. If important findings appear to be inconsistent with the prevailing theory, the theory may be altered. It is often necessary to accumulate data from multiple studies and disciplines in order to understand the causes of disease and develop effective treatments. At the heart of these activities are collaboration, consultation, and communication of research findings. A scientific consensus on the relation between potentially causal factors and disease arises from the preponderance of data reported in the literature.In the . . .
THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN THE TEACHING OF PEDIATRICS
Authors: JOSEPH BRENNEMANN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

It is only in recent times that the outpatient department of our medical schools and hospitals for children has shown encouraging symptoms of assuming its properposition as a teaching force. Dispensary work has long been, and in many quarters still is, considered a sort of necessary drudgery or apprenticeship that the younger man must serve for many years, partly to supply material for the older men in the wards, and partly to prepare the younger man for the more important house service of later years. I myself have never shared that point of view. This may have been, at first, largely due to the peculiar and limited clinical situation of my earlier years; but even today, with a large hospital and a very large material, I find myself instinctively heading for the outpatient department when I begin my daily rounds. To give to an outpatient department a maximum of attractiveness
Cell implantation in Parkinson's disease.
Authors: I Madrazo, M Aguilera, R Franco-Bourland
Journal: BMJ (1990)

general gynaecological practice is usually 5-10%.Finally, women attending a menopause clinic as controls may not represent a reasonable sample of the normal population and this may have biased the results for comparison, as these women are known to experience symptoms that are a conse- quence of vasomotor instability.With these facts in mind I believe that it is inappropriate to consider such variables as detection rates, predictive values, and odds ratios.I await with interest, however, the results of the definitive, well controlled study to evaluate the role of transvaginal ultrasonography and colour flow imaging in the detection of endometrial carcinoma.