tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
N-desulfated/acetylated heparin ameliorates the progression of renal disease in rats with subtotal renal ablation.
Authors: M L Purkerson, D M Tollefsen, S Klahr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The effect of administration of N-desulfated/acetylated heparin, almost completely devoid of anticoagulant activity, on the progression of renal disease was examined in rats with 13/4 nephrectomy. Three groups of rats with 13/4 nephrectomy were studied. Group I (control, n = 11) received 0.15 ml of 0.15 M NaCl subcutaneously twice daily for 5 wk; group 2 (n = 11) received 0.15 ml twice daily of N-desulfated/acetylated heparin (5.4 mg/ml; less than 0.5 U/ml); group 3 (n = 9) received 0.15 ml twice daily of standard beef lung heparin (5.4 mg/ml; 977 U/ml). Clearances and renal histological studies were done at the end of 5 wk of heparin or saline administration. Rats given the heparin preparations had significantly higher inulin clearances (2.55 +/- 0.38 ml/min per body weight (BW) for group 2, or 2.60 +/- 0.24 ml/min per kg BW for group 3) than control rats (1.59 +/- 0.20 ml/min per kg BW). Histological analysis revealed a greater number of glomeruli with segmental or global sclerosis, hyalinosis, or fibrosis (36.6%) in control rats than in rats receiving N-desulfated/acetylated heparin (6.2%) or standard heparin (3.0%). Blood pressure averaged 169.4 +/- 6.2 mmHg in controls, 119.1 +/- 6.1 in rats of group 2, and 124.3 +/- 2.5 in rats of group 3. The values for blood pressure were significantly lower in the two groups receiving heparin than in controls. These studies indicate that a heparin preparation, almost completely devoid of anticoagulant properties, affords the same degree of protection against progression of renal disease as does standard heparin in rats with subtotal renal ablation. It is suggested that other biological properties of heparin may be responsible for the effects observed.
Preoperative prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma tumour grade and micro-vascular invasion by means of artificial neural network: A pilot study
Authors: Alessandro Cucchetti, Fabio Piscaglia, Antonia D’Errico Grigioni, Matteo Ravaioli, Matteo Cescon, Matteo Zanello, Gian Luca Grazi, Rita Golfieri, Walter Franco Grigioni, Antonio Daniele Pinna
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
ISOLATION OF RABBIT I<scp>G</scp>A ANTIHAPTEN ANTIBODY AND DEMONSTRATION OF SKIN-SENSITIZING ACTIVITY IN HOMOLOGOUS SKIN
Authors: Kaoru Onoue, Yasuo Yagi, David Pressman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

Multiple antibody components of rabbit antisera against p-azobenzenearsonate (R(p)) were studied with respect to their globulin nature and skin-sensitizing activity. IgA antibody was characterized by isolating two IgA-rich fractions from a specifically purified antibody preparation. Examination of these fractions showed that IgA antibodies existed in two molecular forms, one with a sedimentation constant of 7S and the other 9S. Skin-sensitizing activity was examined by a P-K type test and a PCA test with R(p)-rabbit serum albumin in homologous (rabbit) species. Only the 7S but not 9S IgA antibody sensitized rabbit skin. IgM antibody showed no activity and IgG antibody showed very low activity. In contrast, only IgG antibody was active in the P-K type test to sensitize a heterologous species (guinea pig). None of the antibodies of other classes showed sensitizing activity in heterologous skin. The 7S IgA antibody lost its sensitizing activity upon reduction and alkylation, although no change in its molecular size could be observed. The loss of sensitizing activity was not due to the destruction of antigen-binding activity since the treated 7S IgA antibody retained this activity as shown by radioimmunoelectrophoresis and by binding to the specific immunoadsorbent. The 9S IgA antibody was more resistant to these treatments than the IgM antibody and showed no indication of dissociation. The treated 9S IgA also retained antigen-binding activity. Both the P-K type and PCA reactions were considerably stronger when the interval between injections of antibody and antigen was 24 hr rather than 4 to 5 hr.
Identification of a new candidate mutation, G1629R, in a family with type 2A von Willebrand disease
Authors: Pilar Casa�a, Francisco Mart�nez, Saturnino Haya, Jos� A. Aznar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Type 2A is a qualitative variant of von Willebrand disease (vWD) characterized by a reduced platelet-dependent function, associated with an absence of large multimers. A G5135A transition, resulting in a glycine to arginine substitution at the codon 1629 of the von Willebrand factor, was identified by automated sequencing in one type 2A vWD Spanish patient. To detect this new candidate mutation a modified primer that creates a DdeI restriction site when the mutation is present was designed. This approach allowed detection of the mutation in the other three patients from the same family. On the other hand, the fact that this new mutation was not found in the 110 normal alleles screened further supports their causal relationship with the disease. Am. J. Hematol. 60:309–310, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Differential liver sensitization to Toll-like receptor pathways in mice with alcoholic fatty liver
Authors: Thierry Gustot, Arnaud Lemmers, Christophe Moreno, Nathalie Nagy, Eric Quertinmont, Charles Nicaise, Denis Franchimont, Hubert Louis, Jacques Devière, Olivier Le Moine
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Gut-derived, endotoxin-mediated hepatocellular damage has been postulated to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury in rodents. Endotoxins induce production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by Kupffer cells via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and contribute to liver injury. This study addressed the contribution of other TLRs and ligands to alcoholic fatty liver. C57Bl6/J mice were fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli diet. Serum aminotransferase measurements, histological analysis, and quantification of liver TNF-α and TLR1-9 messenger RNA (mRNA) were performed. The effect of TLR ligands on liver injury was assessed in vivo . Neomycin and metronidazole or diphenyleneiodonium sulfate (DPI) were administered to evaluate the role of gut bacteria and NADPH oxidase activity, respectively, in hepatic TLR expression. Enteral ethanol (EtOH) exposure induced steatosis and increased liver weight, aminotransferase levels, and expression of TLR1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 liver mRNA. Injection of lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycan (PGN), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), loxoribine, and oligonucleotide containing CpG (ISS-ODN) increased TNF-α mRNA expression more in the livers of EtOH-fed mice than in control mice. PGN, LPS, flagellin, and ISS-ODN induced liver inflammatory infiltrate in EtOH-fed mice but not control mice. Addition of antibiotics reduced the severity of alcoholic fatty liver without affecting TLR expression, whereas daily DPI injections reduced the EtOH-mediated upregulation of TLR2, 4, 6, and 9 mRNA. In conclusion , EtOH-fed mice exhibited an oxidative stress dependent on upregulation of multiple TLRs in the liver and are sensitive to liver inflammation induced by multiple bacterial products recognized by TLRs. (Hepatology 2006;43:989–1000.)
Use of calcium antagonists and need for perioperative transfusion in older patients with hip fracture: observational study
Authors: G. Zuccala, M. Pahor, F. Landi, G. Gasparini, F. Pagano, P. Carbonin, A. Cocchi
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To investigate possible risk factors and mechanisms behind the four times higher and diverging mortality from coronary heart disease in Lithuanian compared with Swedish middle aged men.Design: Concomitant cross sectional comparison of randomly selected 50 year old men without serious acute or chronic disease.Methods and equipment were identical or highly standardised between the centres.Setting: Linköping (Sweden) and Vilnius (Lithuania).Subjects: 101 and 109 men aged 50 in Linköping and Vilnius respectively.Main outcome measures: Anthropometric data, blood pressure, smoking, plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidation, and plasma concentrations of fat soluble antioxidant vitamins.Results: Systolic blood pressure was higher (141 v 133 mm Hg, P < 0.01), smoking habits were similar, and plasma total cholesterol (5.10 v 5.49 mmol/l, P < 0.01) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.30 v 3.68 mmol/l, P < 0.01) lower in men from Vilnius compared with those from Linköping.Triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Lp(a) lipoprotein concentrations did not differ between the two groups.The resistance of low density lipoprotein to oxidation was lower in the men from Vilnius; lag phase was 67.6 v 79.5 minutes (P < 0.001).Also lower in the men from Vilnius were mean plasma concentrations of lipid soluble antioxidant vitamins ( carotene 377 v 510 nmol/l, P < 0.01; lycopene 327 v 615 nmol/l, P < 0.001; and lipid adjusted tocopherol 0.25 v 0.46 mol/mmol, P < 0.001.Tocopherol concentration did not differ).Regression analysis showed that the lag phase was still significantly shorter by 10 minutes in men from Vilnius when the influence of other known factors was taken into account. Conclusions:The high mortality from coronary heart disease in Lithuania is not caused by traditional risk factors alone.Mechanisms related to antioxidant state may be important.
Haemodynamic effects of rolofylline in the treatment of patients with heart failure and impaired renal function
Authors: Piotr Ponikowski, Veselin Mitrovic, Christopher M. O'Connor, Howard Dittrich, Gad Cotter, Barry M. Massie, Michael M. Givertz, Erluo Chen, Meredith Murray, Beth D. Weatherley, Kenji P. Fujita, Marco Metra
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Processes and Outcomes of Care for Diabetic Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in Ontario
Authors: David A. Alter, Yaariv Khaykin, Peter C. Austin, Jack V. Tu, Janet E. Hux
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To compare the health service utilization and long-term outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with and without diabetes in Ontario. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We examined 25,697 patients from Ontario (6,052 and 19,645 patients with and without diabetes, respectively) who were hospitalized because of AMI between 1 April 1992 and 31 December 1993. Using linked administrative databases, we determined the use of invasive cardiac procedures at 1 year as well as the intensity of specialty follow-up care and use of evidence-based pharmacotherapies (among elderly individuals) within the first 90 days of hospital discharge. Outcomes examined included mortality and recurrent cardiac admissions at 30 days and 5 years post AMI. Multivariable analyses adjusted for sociodemographic and case-mix characteristics, attending physician specialty, and admitting hospital characteristics. RESULTS—Despite being at significantly higher risk for death at baseline, diabetic patients were less likely to be followed-up by a cardiologist (22.2 vs. 25.6%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), to receive myocardial revascularization (12.6 vs. 14.9%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), to receive β-blockers (34.2 vs. 44.0%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and to receive aspirin therapy (59.7 vs. 63.5%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) after AMI than their nondiabetic counterparts. Diabetes was an important independent predictor of 5-year morbidity (adjusted hazard ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.45–1.59) and 5-year mortality outcomes (1.57, 1.50–1.63). Variations in processes of care were marginally associated with higher nonfatal complication rates for diabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS—When managing AMI patients with diabetes in Ontario, physician treatment aggressiveness does not correspond appropriately to the baseline risk of patients.
DNA binding to crystalline silica characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.
Authors: Y Mao, L N Daniel, N Whittaker, U Saffiotti
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The interaction of DNA with crystalline silica in buffered aqueous solutions at physiologic pH has been investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In aqueous buffer, significant changes occur in the spectra of DNA and silica upon coincubation, suggesting that a DNA-silica complex forms as silica interacts with DNA. As compared to the spectrum of silica alone, the changes in the FT-IR spectrum of silica in the DNA-silica complex are consistent with an Si-O bond perturbation on the surface of the silica crystal. DNA remains in a B-form conformation in the DNA-silica complex. The most prominent changes in the DNA spectrum occur in the 1225 to 1000 cm-1 region. Upon binding, the PO2- asymmetric stretch at 1225 cm-1 is increased in intensity and slightly shifted to lower frequencies; the PO2- symmetric stretch at 1086 cm-1 is markedly increased in intensity and the band at 1053 cm-1, representing either the phosphodiester or the C-O stretch of DNA backbone, is significantly reduced in intensity. In D2O buffer, the DNA spectrum reveals a marked increase in intensity of the peak at 1086 cm-1 and a progressive decrease in intensity of the peak at 1053 cm-1 when DNA is exposed to increasing concentrations of silica. The carbonyl band at 1688 cm-1 diminishes and shifts to slightly lower frequencies with increasing concentrations of silica. The present study demonstrates that crystalline silica binds to the phosphate-sugar backbone of DNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Principles of Perinatal-Neonatal Metabolism
Authors: Louis Gluck
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In his preface to<i>Principles of Perinatal-Neonatal Metabolism</i>, the editor, Dr Richard M. Cowett, establishes that there are enough data on fetal and neonatal metabolism to warrant a comprehensive and critical text. He does not warn us, however, how comprehensive this text will be. An incredible amount of information is packed into 774 pages, even more impressive when one considers the small type. True to his word, Dr Cowett has an all-star array of authors, many of whom are academic household names. He has organized the text into four sections that progress logically. The first, "General Principles," is fundamental for the reader and invaluable in elaborating on many of the major modern techniques used for the study of metabolism, including kinetic techniques (eg, mass spectrometry) and animal models. The middle sections, "Maternal Metabolism During Pregnancy" and "Fetal-Placental Metabolism," are outstandingly in-depth, with superb reviews of maternal-fetal glucose metabolism and fetal-placental
Short-term effects of propranolol on portal venous pressure
Authors: Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Norman D. Grace, Roberto J. Groszmann, Harold O. Conn, Max M. Bermann, Michael J.C. Patrick, Steven S. Morse, Jeanne L. Alberts
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of propranolol on portal pressure of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and portal hypertension and to correlate these effects with clinical and laboratory parameters. The mean baseline hepatic venous pressure gradient in the 50 patients studied was of 18.2 +/- 4.1 mm Hg. It decreased significantly 2 hr after the oral administration of 40 mg of propranolol to 15.7 +/- 4.2 mm Hg (a mean reduction of 13.4 +/- 17%). This reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient resulted mainly from a decrease in mean wedged hepatic venous pressure. There was no correlation between the decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient and the decrease in heart rate. When results were analyzed individually, only 15 (30%) showed a large decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient (greater than 20%), 15 (30%) showed a moderate decrease (10 to 19%), and in 20 patients (40%) there was no reduction or an increase in hepatic venous pressure gradient. Comparison of "responders" (those that reduced hepatic venous pressure gradient greater than 10%) and "nonresponders" (hepatic venous pressure gradient reduction less than 10%) showed no significant differences in baseline laboratory and hemodynamic parameters, in the severity of the liver disease, in the heart rate and blood pressure response to propranolol, nor in the propranolol plasma levels achieved 2 hr after propranolol administration. Propranolol plasma levels correlated with the reduction in heart rate but not with the reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient. Of 14 nonresponders to 40 mg of propranolol who received additional doses, six showed a reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Association Between Ease of Suppression of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Survival
Authors: Sidney Goldstein, Maria Mori Brooks, Robert Ledingham, Harold L. Kennedy, Andrew E. Epstein, Yudi Pawitan, J. Thomas Bigger
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background We tested the hypothesis that patients whose ventricular arrhythmias are easy to suppress have a lower rate of arrhythmic death, defined as arrhythmic death and nonfatal cardiac arrest, the primary end point in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trials (CAST-I and CAST-II), than patients whose ventricular arrhythmias are hard to suppress. In addition, we evaluated the association between ease of suppression of ventricular arrhythmias and mortality of all causes. Methods and Results CAST-I investigated the effect on arrhythmic death of ventricular premature depolarization (VPD) suppression achieved by three drugs, encainide, flecainide, and moricizine, at two different dose levels; CAST-II investigated the same effect, using moricizine alone at three dose levels. If suppression was achieved, patients were randomized to the effective active drug or corresponding placebo. To examine the independence of easily suppressed ventricular arrhythmias as a predictor of arrhythmic death, we adjusted statistically for other variables that were related both to ease of suppression and arrhythmic death. Patients with ventricular arrhythmias (n=1778) that were easy to suppress had fewer arrhythmic deaths during follow-up than those with ventricular arrhythmias that were hard to suppress (n=1173) (relative risk, .59; P =.003). Patients whose VPDs were easily suppressed were older and had a lower frequency of prior history of heart failure and myocardial infarction. They also had a higher incidence of anterior myocardial infarction, VPD frequency, and average ejection fraction. After adjusting for these variables, we found that easily suppressed ventricular arrhythmias were still significant predictors of arrhythmic death (relative risk, .66; P =.013). Conclusions This study shows that the ease of VPD suppression identifies a subgroup of postmyocardial infarction patients who have low risk of arrhythmic death.
Efficient clearance of non-transferrin-bound iron by rat liver. Implications for hepatic iron loading in iron overload states.
Authors: P Brissot, T L Wright, W L Ma, R A Weisiger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

In hemochromatosis and other disorders associated with iron overload, a significant fraction of the total iron in plasma circulates in the form of low molecular weight complexes not bound to transferrin. Efficient and unregulated clearance of this form of iron by the liver may account for the hepatic iron loading and toxicity that characterize these diseases. We tested this possibility by examining the hepatic removal process for representative iron complexes in the single-pass perfused rat liver. Hepatic uptake of both ferrous and ferric 55Fe from ultrafiltered human serum was found to be highly efficient and effectively irreversible (single-pass extraction of 1 microM iron, 58-75%). Similar high efficiencies were seen for iron complexed to specific physiologic and nonphysiologic coordinators, including histidine, citrate, fructose, oxalate and glutamate, and tricine. Because of lower plasma flow rates, single-pass extraction of these iron complexes in vivo should be even greater. Autoradiography confirmed that most iron had been removed by parenchymal cells. Hepatic removal from Krebs-tricine buffer was saturable with similar kinetic parameters for ferrous and ferric iron (apparent Km, 14-22 microM; V max, 24-38 nmol min-1 g liver-1). These findings suggest that high levels of non-transferrin-bound iron in plasma may be an important cause of hepatic iron loading in iron overload states.
Does Oxidative Stress Alter Quadriceps Endurance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
Authors: Christelle Koechlin, Annabelle Couillard, David Simar, Jean Paul Cristol, Hélène Bellet, Maurice Hayot, Christian Prefaut
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONConclusionsReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Cerebrospinal fluid NOx (nitrite/nitrate) in RSV-infected children with CNS symptoms
Authors: Shinichiro Morichi, Hisashi Kawashima, Hiroaki Ioi, Masanobu Ushio, Gaku Yamanaka, Yasuyo Kashiwagi, Kouji Takekuma, Akinori Hoshika, Yasuo Watanabe
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
Plasma triglycerides and three lipoprotein cholesterol fractions are independent predictors of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: H Drexel, F W Amann, J Beran, K Rentsch, R Candinas, J Muntwyler, A Luethy, T Gasser, F Follath
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The lipoprotein system has manifold links to atherosclerotic disease. LDL cholesterol is related to lesion formation and growth. The cholesterol of HDLs is indicative of protection against atherosclerosis. The status of triglycerides and of subfractions of high-density lipoproteins as risk factors is less certain. Also, the magnitude of the atherogenic/protective power of these factors is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS Five hundred patients (418 men and 82 women) were enrolled in an angiographic study. A total of 1006 coronary lesions with &gt; or = 50% narrowing were recorded as study end points. By extent of atherosclerosis, defined as the number of &gt; or = 50% lesions, the study subjects were allocated to one of four ordered categories with 0, 1 to 3, 4 to 6, or 7 to 10 lesions, respectively. Subfractions of HDL cholesterol were determined by a dual precipitation method. By a polychotomous logistic regression model, it was found that, besides age and sex, LDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, HDL3 cholesterol, and triglycerides were independently predictive (P &lt; .05) of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. An increase in age by 10 years was associated with an increase of the odds ratio for falling into a higher-extent category by a factor of 1.64, and the same increase of the odds ratio was obtained by increasing LDL cholesterol by 0.92 mmol/L or triglycerides by 1.01 mmol/L and by decreasing HDL2 cholesterol by 0.20 mmol/L or HDL3 cholesterol by 0.46 mmol/L. The less sensitive coronary end point, presence of atherosclerosis (ie, observation of &gt; or = 1 lesion of &gt; or = 50%) depended significantly on age, sex, LDL cholesterol, and HDL2 cholesterol, but not on HDL3 cholesterol or triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS In addition to LDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol, triglycerides also proved independently predictive of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
Immunisation of adults against diphtheria
Authors: R. Mitchell, A. Barr
Journal: BMJ (1978)

mg four times a day, and then to 160 mg four times a day.His ECG initially showed widespread T-wave inversion, but this abnor- mality was most marked two days later, with gross T-wave inversion in most leads (figure).Serial enzyme studies failed to confirm myocardial damage.... ..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... ~~Ṽ4 ~~~~~V ECG of patient with subarachnoid haemorrhage showing T-wave inversion.Thus this patient was already taking a beta-blocker, in a dose comparable to 240 mg propranolol, but despite a further increase in dosage and apparently clinically adequate beta- blockade (resting pulse rate about 60 beats/ min) he proceeded to develop grossly abnormal ECG appearances, of a severity which we have not previously observed in association with subarachnoid haemorrhage.