tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2029: Insight of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids for innovative culture models of potential relevance for the screening of anti-CRC compounds
Authors: Silvio Däster, Nunzia Amatruda, Diego Calabrese, Paul Zajac, Giulio C. Spagnoli, Giandomenica Iezzi, Valentina Mele, Manuele Giuseppe Muraro
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract OBJECTIVE - Multicellular tumor spheroid is a well-known method for 3D in-vitro culture that better represent in-vivo condition. We exploited this system to culture human established colorectal cell lines to investigate how the presence or absence of hypoxic and/or necrotic area can influence the gene expression profile and the responsiveness to drugs compared to 2D-culture and in-vivo xenografted cells. METHODS - HT29 cell line was cultured as MCTS by hanging-drop method. At size-defined time-point spheroids were analyzed for the presence of hypoxic and necrotic areas. The expression of a panel of genes related to tumor progression, metastatic behavior, and drug resistance was evaluated by real time PCR on MCTS at different growth stages in comparison to conventional 2D cultures and xenografts generated upon injection of HT29 cells in immunodeficient mice. RESULTS - Based on the absence or presence of hypoxic and/or necrotic core, we identified three different MCTS growth stages: stage 1 (MCTS diameter size &amp;lt;200μm) defined by the absence of hypoxia/necrosis, stage 2 (300-350μm) characterized by the presence of hypoxic, but not apoptotic or necrotic areas, and stage 3 (&amp;gt;500μm) identified by the presence of both hypoxic and necrotic areas. The expression of a panel of genes, including putative cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, CD24 was found to be upregulated in stage 1 MCTS, as compared to 2D cultures. Most interestingly a further upregulation of these genes was detected in stage 2 and especially in stage 3. Importantly, expression levels in stage 3 were the most similar to those detected in xenografts. CONCLUSION - Our results showed that culture of CRC cell lines offer the opportunity to investigate in standardized condition different MCTS stages possibly proving an improved model of in-vivo tumor growth. The next generation sequencing and drug-responsiveness of tumor cells cultured in 2D and 3D at different spheroid maturation stages is currently being evaluated. Citation Format: Silvio Däster, Nunzia Amatruda, Diego Calabrese, Paul Zajac, Giulio C. Spagnoli, Giandomenica Iezzi, Valentina Mele, Manuele Giuseppe Muraro. Insight of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids for innovative culture models of potential relevance for the screening of anti-CRC compounds. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2029. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2029
Effect of incorporating a 10 minute point of care test for salivary nicotine metabolites into a general practice based smoking cessation programme: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kristian D Barnfather, Graham F Cope, Iain L Chapple
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To investigate the effect of immediate feedback from a point of care test for salivary nicotine metabolites in promoting smoking cessation and reduction in tobacco use. <b>Design</b> Prospective, operator blinded, randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> General dental practice, London. <b>Participants</b> 100 adult smokers. <b>Interventions</b> Participants completed a questionnaire on smoking, undertook a clinical examination, and received counselling in smoking cessation. Saliva samples were analysed at presentation and at eight weeks for salivary nicotine metabolites using a 10 minute semiquantitative point of care test. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Smoking cessation measured by salivary nicotine metabolite values (scale 0-6), patient feedback on the perceived value of the test (visual analogue scale) in quitting, and reduction in tobacco use. <b>Results</b> A higher smoking quit rate was achieved with the point of care test (23% cases <i>v</i> 7% controls; P &lt; 0.039), and overall tobacco use also decreased (68% cases <i>v</i> 28% controls; P &lt; 0.001). Baseline values for salivary nicotine metabolites did not differ between the groups (cases, mean 4.1, SD 1.3 and 4.3, 1.4; P = 0.51). 87 participants reattended at eight weeks (44 cases, 43 controls). Mean nicotine metabolite values at eight weeks were 2.58 (2.0) for cases and 4.29 (1.8) for controls (P &lt; 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b> Incorporation of individualised personal feedback using a point of care test for salivary nicotine metabolites into a general practice based smoking cessation programme increased quit rates by 17% at eight weeks and reduced tobacco use.
Studies Linking Smoking-Cessation Drug With Suicide Risk Spark Concerns
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Polyion complex micelles for photodynamic therapy: Incorporation of dendritic photosensitizer excitable at long wavelength relevant to improved tissue-penetrating property
Authors: Woo-Dong Jang, Yoshinori Nakagishi, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Satoko Kawauchi, Yuji Morimoto, Makoto Kikuchi, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Clinical usefulness of microarray‐based IgE detection in children with suspected food allergy
Authors: H. Ott, J. M. Baron, R. Heise, C. Ocklenburg, S. Stanzel, H.‐F. Merk, B. Niggemann, K. Beyer
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Component‐resolved diagnostics using microarray technology has recently been introduced into clinical allergology, but its applicability in children with food allergy has hardly been investigated so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of microarray‐based IgE detection in the diagnostic workup of food allergy and to compare this new diagnostic tool with established methods of allergen‐specific IgE detection. Methods: We investigated 130 infants and children with suspected allergy to cow’s milk (CM) or hen’s egg (HE). Serum IgE measurements, skin prick tests, allergen microarray assays and controlled oral food challenges with HE and CM were performed. Results: We analyzed 145 oral challenges that served as reference parameters for assay performance assessment. On this basis, the panel of microarrayed allergen components was shown to represent a comprehensive repertoire of clinically relevant CM and HE proteins. Additionally, the implemented CM and HE components respectively sufficed for equivalent test performance as compared to the corresponding fluorescence enzyme immunoassay extract and skin testing. However, component‐resolved diagnostics for HE and CM allergy did not make oral food challenges superfluous. Clinical IgE decision points predicting positive oral food challenges could be calculated for both in vitro test methods. Conclusions: Allergen microarrays provide a new tool to diagnose symptomatic CM and HE allergy. They show performance characteristics comparable to the current diagnostic tests and may be indicated in small children in whom only small blood volumes are obtainable. However, they are not capable of replacing double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges in most cases.
New Application for DNA Polymorphism
Authors: Yuet Wai Kan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

The paper by Fearon and coworkers in this issue illustrates the expanding and exciting role of DNA technology in clinical medicine.1 First applied less than a decade ago, this technology has already contributed to our understanding of the basic mechanisms of disease, provided new means of diagnosis, and made available new therapeutic methods. Perhaps its greatest impact thus far has been felt in genetic disorders, as an increasing number of conditions are becoming amenable to diagnosis, the genes associated with them are being isolated, and their molecular defects are being defined.Several general strategies have been used to characterize the . . .
Medical Science, Infectious Disease, and the Unity of Humankind
Authors: Joshua Lederberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The ravaging epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has shocked the world. It is still not comprehended widely that it is a natural, almost predictable, phenomenon. We will face similar catastrophes again, and will be ever more confounded in dealing with them, if we do not come to grips with the realities of the place of our species in nature. A large measure of humanistic progress is dedicated to the subordination of human nature to our ideals of individual perfectability and autonomy. Human intelligence, culture, and technology have left all other plant and animal species out of the competition. We also may legislate human behavior. But we have too many illusions that we can, by writ, govern the remaining vital kingdoms, the microbes, that remain our competitors of last resort for dominion of the planet. The bacteria and viruses know nothing of national sovereignties. In that natural evolutionary competition, there is
Both expanded and uncultured mesenchymal stem cells from MDS patients are genomically abnormal, showing a specific genetic profile for the 5q− syndrome
Authors: O Lopez-Villar, J L Garcia, F M Sanchez-Guijo, C Robledo, E M Villaron, P Hernández-Campo, N Lopez-Holgado, M Diez-Campelo, M V Barbado, J A Perez-Simon, J M Hernández-Rivas, J F San-Miguel, M-C del Cañizo
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Cell Death in Acromegalic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Andrea Frustaci, Cristina Chimenti, Manabu Setoguchi, Sabrina Guerra, Salvatore Corsello, Filippo Crea, Annarosa Leri, Jan Kajstura, Piero Anversa, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Prolonged untreated acromegaly leads to a nonspecific myopathy characterized by ventricular dysfunction and failure. However, the mechanisms responsible for the alterations of cardiac pump function remain to be defined. Because cell death is implicated in most cardiac disease processes, the possibility has been raised that myocyte apoptosis may occur in the acromegalic heart, contributing to the deterioration of ventricular hemodynamics. Methods and Results —Ten acromegalic patients with diastolic dysfunction and 4 also with systolic dysfunction were subjected to electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, 2-dimensional echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and biventricular and coronary angiography before surgical removal of a growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma. Endomyocardial biopsies were obtained and analyzed quantitatively in terms of tissue scarring and myocyte and nonmyocyte apoptosis. Myocardial samples from papillary muscles of patients who underwent valve replacement for mitral stenosis were used for comparison. The presence of apoptosis in myocytes and interstitial cells was determined by confocal microscopy with the use of 2 histochemical methods, consisting of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) assay and Taq probe in situ ligation. Acromegaly was characterized by a 495-fold and 305-fold increase in apoptosis of myocytes and nonmyocytes, respectively. The magnitude of myocyte apoptosis correlated with the extent of impairment in ejection fraction and the duration of the disease. A similar correlation was found with the magnitude of collagen accumulation, indicative of previous myocyte necrosis. Myocyte death was independent from the hormonal levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. Apoptosis of interstitial cells did not correlate with ejection fraction. Conclusions —Myocyte cell death, apoptotic and necrotic in nature, may be critical for the development of ventricular dysfunction and its progression to cardiac failure with acromegaly.
John Rodney Cove-Smith
Authors: Jackie Cove-Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Consultant physician and nephrologist the James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough (b London 1943; q Cambridge/St Thomas's Hospital, London, 1968; MD, FRCP, FRCP Ed), died from metastatic prostate cancer on 3 February 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




After junior posts in London and Dorset, Rod became senior registrar in renal medicine at Nottingham City Hospital, where he carried out research into analgesic nephropathy. He was appointed consultant in Middlesbrough in 1978. The James Cook University Hospital (JCUH) was then being built and Rod joined its commissioning team. He became chief of medicine and then associate medical director. He helped develop undergraduate medical training on Teesside and became honorary professor at Durham University in 2002. He headed the academic division at JCUH and saw completion of the academic centre and its library, named after him, a few weeks before he died. He leaves a wife, Jackie; three daughters; and a grandson.
Implications of findings in the coronary drug project for secondary prevention trials in coronary heart disease. The coronary; drug project research group.
Authors: P L Canner, M Halperin
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The associations observed in the Coronary Drug Project between two baseline factors serum cholesterol level and number of cigarettes smoked per day and 5-year mortality in men who had a history of myocardial infarction are used to derive required sample sizes for future risk factor intervention trials in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease.Consider a trial in which it is anticipated that the baseline cholesterol level will be 250 mg/dl in the control group and that a 20% reduction in this level to 200 mg/dl will be experienced by the treated group.Let it also be assumed that this reduction in cholesterol level will have the effect of immediately reducing the mortality risk to that corresponding to a patient with a base- line level of 200 mg/dl.Given a type I error rate, a, of 0.05 for a two-sided test, a type II error rate, fi, of 0.10, and a follow-up period of 5 years, the required size of the trial would be over 10,000 patients.A similar sample size would be required for a single-factor trial focusing on cigarette smoking cessation.The sample size might be reduced to 6000 for a two-factor trial with intervention on cholesterol and cigarette smoking simultaneously.These numbers increase two-to threefold when dropout patients and "dropin" patients (i.e., those in the control group who decide on their own to begin the intervention therapy) are considered and when other assumptions are made concerning the anticipated time required for the treatment to achieve maximum benefit with respect to the mortality or morbidity end point.MANY FACTORS -demographic, historical, clin- ical, biochemical, electrocardiographic and hygienic -are associated with the development of first and recurrent events of coronary heart disease (CHD).Factors that can be modified by diet, drugs or other prophylactic or therapeutic measures have been the foci during the past 2 decades for clinical trials in the primary and secondary prevention of CHD.Although the rationale for such trials lies largely in the observed association between a particular risk factor and manifestation of the disease, rather infrequently has information on the strength of such an association been used in deriving the required sample size for the trial.Rather, it has been customary to assume that the intervention will produce a 25%, 35% or even 50% reduction in the rate of CHD events compared with the control group, and then to derive the sample size required to detect such a reduction.Data from the Framingham study on the relation- ship of serum cholesterol level to first events of CHD have been used to determine how large the sample sizes would have to be for trials of dietary interven- tion in the primary prevention of CHD.1 2
The sticky truth about angiogenesis and thrombospondins
Authors: Judith A. Varner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

The formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis, is important for embryonic development and wound healing as well as the development of cancer and inflammation; therefore, angiogenesis is a valuable target for clinical intervention. Both logic and empiricism suggest that a balance of stimulatory and inhibitory switches is required for orderly formation of blood vessels. Thrombospondins 1 and 2 were among the first natural angiogenesis inhibitors to be identified. However, the cellular origins and mechanisms of action of these important proteins during angiogenesis have remained largely unknown. Studies by Kopp et al., presented in this issue of the JCI, clarify some of these issues by revealing that megakaryocytes and their "sticky" wound-healing progeny, platelets, are important sources of thrombospondins 1 and 2 and that these thrombopoietic cells play key roles in controlling blood vessel formation during hematopoiesis and ischemic wound healing (see the related article beginning on page 3277).
Abstract A80: Role of myeloid SOCS3 in prostate cancer progression.
Authors: Hao Yu, Yudong Liu, Etty N. Benveniste, Hongwei Qin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) proteins, negative regulators of the JAK/STAT pathway, have been implicated in having a key protective role in tumor initiation and progression. However, the role of SOCS3 in regulating the differentiation and functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is poorly understood. Recent studies show the important role of MDSCs in promoting tumor progression as well as metastasis by regulating immune surveillance. To determine the role of myeloid SOCS3 in tumor progression, Conditional SOCS3 deletion in myeloid cells (LysMCre-SOCS3fl/fl) and SOCS3fl/fl C57BL/6 mice were used as recipients for subcutaneous transplantation of TRAMP-derived mouse prostate tumor cells. Our results indicate that tumor growth is significantly enhanced in myeloid-specific SOCS3-deficient mice, which correlates with elevated levels of Gr1+/CD11b+ cells in both spleen and tumor, and less CD8+ T-cell infiltration in tumors. Tumors from myeloid-specific SOCS3-deficient mice also express high levels of Arginase-1 and have elevated Akt signaling. In vitro, SOCS3-deficient bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BDMC) exhibit heightened STAT3 activation and are subject to differentiation towards the MDSC phenotype. These findings suggest that myeloid cell SOCS3 provides protection from tumor progression by regulating MDSC differentiation. Citation Format: Hao Yu, Yudong Liu, Etty N. Benveniste, Hongwei Qin. Role of myeloid SOCS3 in prostate cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A80.
Time course of cellular enzyme release in dog heart injury.
Authors: F H van der Veen, W T Hermens, G M Willems, A Schrijvers-van Schendel, M L Mullers-Boumans, R S Reneman
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The transport time of enzyme from heart to plasma was studied in two experimental models. First, the enzyme alanine aminotransferase was slowly infused into the left ventricular wall in open-chest dogs. The half-life for the washout of alanine aminotransferase activity into plasma was 20 +/- 4 minutes (mean +/- SEM, n = 8) and was not different in ischemic and normally perfused tissue. From measurements of arteriovenous differences in alanine aminotransferase activity and left ventricular blood flow, it was concluded that 77 +/- 14% of total enzyme washout from ischemic tissue occurred by direct entry into the bloodstream. The corresponding value for the vascular permeability-surface area product was 264 +/- 55 ml.kg-1.hr-1. For a second model, we studied myocardial enzyme release into plasma after abrupt heart injury induced by 10 minutes of calcium-free coronary perfusion followed by reintroduction of calcium (calcium-paradox mechanism). The half-life for the release into plasma was 1.9 +/- 0.2 hours (mean +/- SEM, n = 6) and was again not influenced by sustained ischemia. Slower washout, as observed for this second model, is consistent with increased interstitial protein space and corresponds to a permeability--surface area product between 135 and 285 ml.kg-1.hr-1. These results were used to calculate the time course of cellular enzyme leakage from the rate of enzyme release into plasma in various forms of heart injury. Significant shifts between the time curves of evolving cellular injury and enzyme release into plasma are observed after 2 hours of ischemia followed by coronary reperfusion, but not after permanent ischemia.
Changing the Internal Medicine Residency
Authors: JOHN H. BAKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1986Changing the Internal Medicine ResidencyJOHN H. BAKER, M.D.JOHN H. BAKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-2-292_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Academia and Clinic article by Schroeder and colleagues (1) in the April issue is clearly a good work. The omission of any reference to the integration of occupational health aspects into the training of general internists is a serious one, however. That omission is perpetuated by the editorial commentators in the same issue (2, 3).The authors note that office dermatology, office orthopedics, office ophthalmology, and office otorhinolaryngology are "special content areas for general internists" (1). One hopes that they are aware of the frequency with which clinical problems in these areas have their origin in...References1. SCHROEDERSHOWSTACKGERBERT SJB. Residency training in internal medicine: time for a change? Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:554-61. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GELLHORN A. Graduate medical education in internal medicine [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:569-70. LinkGoogle Scholar3. LEWIS C. Training in internal medicine: time to retool the factory [Editorial]? Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:570-2. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Role of Internist in Occupational Medicine. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1984. Google Scholar5. Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Medical Association; 1984. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Naval Hospital Jacksonville, FL 32214-5000 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1986Volume 105, Issue 2Page: 292-292KeywordsDermatologyOphthalmologyOrthopedicsOtorhinolaryngologyPrevention, policy, and public healthResidency Issue Published: 1 August 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...