tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Increased Nasopharyngeal Flow in Cerebral Radionuclide Angiogram: ???Hot Nose??? Phenomenon
Authors: STANTON H. JOE, GARY WATTS, ISMAEL MENA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Thirteen of 387 consecutive patients in a prospective study showed increased, early radionuclide accumulation in the nasopharyngeal region, i.e., the “hot nose” phenomenon, on cerebral radionuclide angiogram. Only four had evidence of intracranial or cerebral vascular disease, while seven were on psychotropic drugs, one had hyperthyroidism and one cerebral atrophy. Objective criteria for establishing the presence of increased flow to the nasopharyngeal region is presented. The possible relationship of psychotropic drugs especially the phenothiazines with the “hot nose” phenomenon is discussed.
Gray platelet syndrome: proinflammatory megakaryocytes and α-granule loss cause myelofibrosis and confer metastasis resistance in mice
Authors: Jose A. Guerrero, Cavan Bennett, Louise van der Weyden, Harriet McKinney, Melody Chin, Paquita Nurden, Zoe McIntyre, Emma L. Cambridge, Jeanne Estabel, Hannah Wardle-Jones, Anneliese O. Speak, Wendy N. Erber, Augusto Rendon, Willem H. Ouwehand, Cedric Ghevaert
Journal: Blood (2014)
HYDROTHERAPY IN FEVERS, ITSRATIONALE AND TECHNIQUE.
Authors: ALBERT H. BURR
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In every febrile condition, whatever its specific cause, there is exhibited a complexity of abnormal physiologic activities, a reaction of the animal system dependent upon the essential properties of protoplasm and nerve energy. The most obvious of these disturbed functions common to all febrile conditions are: increased oxidation, elevation of temperature, increased though still inadequate elimination of waste products, increased frequency and weakened force of the respiratory and cardiac impulses, perverted metabolism and loss in muscular tone and neural vitality. Heat energy in the healthy body is the result of chemic change in its proteids, fats and carbo-hydrates through processes of oxidation. Welch in his Cartwright Lectures, maintained that the production and dissipation of heat is kept in equilibrium in health by the direct control of a heat regulating nervous system. He affirms that "fever producing agents act directly or indirectly upon this nervous mechanism which regulates the harmonious relations
New Doubts About Benefits of Sodium Fluoride
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

SODIUM FLUORIDE, one of the most widely used therapies for osteoporosis, continues to generate controversy about whether it strengthens bone. Data from recently completed placebo-controlled clinical trials cast further doubt about the drug's ability to prevent osteoporotic fractures. Speaking at the Second International Conference on Research Advances in Osteoporosis, in Arlington, Va, Michael Kleerekoper, MD, head of the Bone and Mineral Division of the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Mich, said, "If your desire in life is to simply increase spinal bone mass, then the answer to the question 'Does sodium fluoride work?' is a very resounding yes. It works better than anything we have. If your desire is to prevent vertebral fractures in patients who already had vertebral fractures, then the answer is an equally resounding no." <h3>Three Decades of Research</h3> Kleerekoper summarized sodium fluoride research to date, which includes a randomized, placebo-controlled study by his own group (submitted
Androgen Receptor Is the Key Transcriptional Mediator of the Tumor Suppressor SPOP in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chuandong Geng, Kimal Rajapakshe, Shrijal S. Shah, John Shou, Vijay Kumar Eedunuri, Christopher Foley, Warren Fiskus, Mahitha Rajendran, Sue Anne Chew, Martin Zimmermann, Richard Bond, Bin He, Cristian Coarfa, Nicholas Mitsiades
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Somatic missense mutations in the substrate-binding pocket of the E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor SPOP are present in up to 15% of human prostate adenocarcinomas, but are rare in other malignancies, suggesting a prostate-specific mechanism of action. SPOP promotes ubiquitination and degradation of several protein substrates, including the androgen receptor (AR) coactivator SRC-3. However, the relative contributions that SPOP substrates may make to the pathophysiology of SPOP-mutant (mt) prostate adenocarcinomas are unknown. Using an unbiased bioinformatics approach, we determined that the gene expression profile of prostate adenocarcinoma cells engineered to express mt-SPOP overlaps greatly with the gene signature of both SRC-3 and AR transcriptional output, with a stronger similarity to AR than SRC-3. This finding suggests that in addition to its SRC-3–mediated effects, SPOP also exerts SRC-3–independent effects that are AR-mediated. Indeed, we found that wild-type (wt) but not prostate adenocarcinoma–associated mutants of SPOP promoted AR ubiquitination and degradation, acting directly through a SPOP-binding motif in the hinge region of AR. In support of these results, tumor xenografts composed of prostate adenocarcinoma cells expressing mt-SPOP exhibited higher AR protein levels and grew faster than tumors composed of prostate adenocarcinoma cells expressing wt-SPOP. Furthermore, genetic ablation of SPOP was sufficient to increase AR protein levels in mouse prostate. Examination of public human prostate adenocarcinoma datasets confirmed a strong link between transcriptomic profiles of mt-SPOP and AR. Overall, our studies highlight the AR axis as the key transcriptional output of SPOP in prostate adenocarcinoma and provide an explanation for the prostate-specific tumor suppressor role of wt-SPOP. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5631–43. ©2014 AACR.
Short-Course Radiotherapy (RT) for Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression (MSCC) Due to Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Retrospective Multi-Center Study
Authors: Dirk Rades, Jochen Walz, Lukas J.A. Stalpers, Theo Veninga, Rainer Schulte, Nermina Obralic, Ingeborg Wildfang, Rita Engenhart-Cabilic, Peter J. Hoskin, Steven E. Schild
Journal: European Urology (2005)
REGIONAL PULMONARY FUNCTION STUDIED WITH XENON133*
Authors: W. C. Ball, P. B. Stewart, L. G. S. Newsham, D. V. Bates
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

A radioactive isotope of the inert gas, xenon, was used in conjunction with externally placed scintillation counters to estimate separately the function of six different regions of the lung. By comparison of external counting rates after a single breath and after rebreathing an air-xenon mixture, it has been possible to compute an index of relative ventilation that is independent of the volume of lung within the counting field. Determinations were made at two levels of inspiration in order to compare the distribution during normal quiet breathing with the distribution after a single full inspiration. By the intravenous injection of dissolved xenonia during breath holding, the relative perfusion of lung in different regions has been determined. ln 21 seated normal subjects, it was found that the lower portion of the lung is somewhat better ventilated than the upper portion, but receives a much greater fraction of the total pulmonary blood flow; the distribution of inspired air is slightly more uniform on deep inspiration than during quiet breathing; the middle and lower portions of the lung are better ventilated on the left than on the right during deep inspiration; and the lower portion of the lung is probably better perfused on themore » right than on the left. Forty patients with various cardiac or pulmonary disorders were studied, and four illustrative cases are presented. Two of these illustrate the differences in regional distribution of disordered function that may occur in patients with pulmonary emphysema. The third patient demonstrates the value of the technique in assessing lobar function after transposition surgery, and the fourth patient illustrates normally distributed ventilatory function despite a disturbed distribution of perfusion in uncomplicated mitral stenosis. The advantages and disadvantages of this method in comparison with the oxygen15 technique of West and co-workers are discussed. It appears that the xenon technique described is capable of extensive application to both investigative and clinical problems.« less
Human (Hu) KIT-transduced Mouse Bone Marrow-derived Mast Cells (MuBMMCs) As A Model For Determining The Role Of Activating Mutations In KIT On Mast Cell Function
Authors: T. Ito, G. Bandara, D. Smrz, T.M. Wilson, Y. Bai, D.D. Metcalfe, A.M. Gilfillan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
TCT-634 Randomized Comparison of Direct Stenting with Conventional and Provisional Stent Implantation in Elective PCI Patients Using Bare Metal and Drug Eluting Stents
Authors: Samer Somi, Wouter Remkes, Jan-Henk Dambrink, Marcel Gosselink, Jan Hoorntje, Harry Suryapranata, Jan Paul Ottervanger, Arnoud van 't Hof
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
MPs accuse Medical Research Council of panic over bird flu
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The UK Medical Research Council (MRC) has had to fend off accusations in parliament that it had done too little too late to tackle the threat of a flu pandemic. It came under fire while reporting to the House of Lords select committee on science and technology on 30 November.

Colin Blakemore, the MRC's chief executive, denied suggestions by Phil Willis (Liberal Democrat MP for Harrogate and Knaresborough), the committee chairman, that last month's visit had been a “kneejerk reaction to the media.”

During his evidence to the committee, Professor Blakemore said that planning for the trip had begun a year ago. But Mr Willis insisted, “There …
Removal of Abnormal Protein
Authors: C. B. Freeman
Journal: BMJ (1971)

to state "these results do show that both chloral hydrate and dichlorphenazone are unsuitable sedatives for patients on oral anticoagulants" is to draw a conclusion which is not very constructive and may be con- sidered impractical.Ideally, patients on anticoagulant therapy should not receive additional drugs sus- pected of giving rise to these interactions.The patient's condition, however, may be such that night sedation is necessary and not all respond to nitrazepam.In this article it is stated that nitrazepam is thought to be a safe sedative during anticoagulant therapy.Only a brief mention is made of barbiturates, although these have been shown to be the most consistent of all the interacting drugs.'Chloral hydrate has been used as an hypnotic for 102 years and has been particularly useful in the very old and the very ill.Knowing that interactions occur and that they may be unpredictable, careful monitor- ing of the prothrombin time is essential.This will prevent mishaps without limiting the physician's choice of treatment.-Iam, etc.,
Contraceptive-Induced Hypertension: A Potentially Curable Form of Hypertension.
Authors: Myron H. Weinberger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Contraceptive-Induced Hypertension: A Potentially Curable Form of Hypertension.Myron H. Weinberger, M.D., R. Dennis Collins, M.D., John A. Luetscher, M.D.Myron H. Weinberger, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. Dennis Collins, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John A. Luetscher, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1081_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptStudies were performed on 80 hypertensive subjects. Thirteen of these patients, who were receiving oral contraceptive therapy when referred for evaluation, were studied during and after withdrawal of oral contraceptive therapy. Measurements of angiotensinogen concentration, plasma renin activity, and aldosterone excretion were made during conditions of standardized sodium intake and posture. The oral contraceptive therapy group demonstrated at least a 250% increase in angiotensinogen concentration in all cases studied, with a return to normal values after cessation.. Fifty percent of these patients demonstrated increases in plasma renin activity and aldosterone secretion during ingestion, with a return to normal values after... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Myron H. Weinberger, M.D.; R. Dennis Collins, M.D.; John A. Luetscher, M.D.Affiliations: Palo Alto, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1081-1082KeywordsAldosteroneAttentionExcretionHypertensionIngestionOral contraceptive therapyPlasma renin activityPostural controlSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Diphenylhydantoin in the Wallenberg Syndrome
Authors: E. Kenneth Mladinich
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The Wallenberg or posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome is the most common of the recognized brain stem stroke syndromes. Typical sequelae to cerebral thrombosis in the lateral medullary region of the brainstem are dysphagia, dysarthria, dysphonia, ipsilateral facial pain and hypalgesia, contralateral extremity hypalgesia, and ipsilateral incoordination. Surprisingly though, the prognosis for short-term recovery of the major symptoms is relatively good. 1 However, in the series of Currier et al 2 in which 39 patients with this syndrome were followed up, ipsilateral facial pain was found to be a persistent and disabling symptom in nine of them.  We saw a 40-year-old man at the Veterans Administration Hospital who had developed this syndrome two years previously and had been afflicted with ipsilateral burning facial pain around the eye. Ordinary analgesics did not relieve this pain, and he came to the hospital to seek relief. Because of the value
Value of gallium scanning in seminoma of the testis.
Authors: A H Paterson, M J Peckham, V R McCready
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Whole-body scanning using gallium-67-citrate gave consistently accurate tumour localisation in patients with seminoma of the testis. Thirteen out of 15 scans performed in patients with disseminated seminoma in relapse gave good imaging in all disease areas. Scans in patients with teratoma of the testis were less consistently positive; of nine scans performed in patients with disseminated teratoma seven were entirely negative and two scans lightly imaged large disease masses in two patients. In eight patients with combined (seminoma and teratoma) tumours the scan seemed to reflect the dominant tumour type at the time of scanning. In one of these patients the scans changed from positive to negative, being positive when seminoma was the dominant tumour and negative when a teratoma developed. Gallium-67-citrate scanning is useful in managing seminoma of the testis, both for determining the extent of disease present at initial presentation and for routine follow-up. It may be useful in the differential diagnosis of combined tumours when tumour masses are greater than 2 cm in diameter.
Usual Dietary Fat Intake and Insulin Concentrations in Healthy Women Twins
Authors: Elizabeth J Mayer, Beth Newman, Charles P Quesenberry, Joseph V Selby
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between the usual intake of dietary fats and insulin concentrations. Insulin concentrations and insulin resistance have been positively related to risk for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease, yet little is known of the environmental risk factors for relative hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance can be induced by high-fat feeding in laboratory animals; therefore, high-fat diets may increase risks for developing NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects included 544 nondiabetic women who participated in the second examination of the Kaiser Permanente Women Twins Study (1989-1990). Fasting and 2-h post 75-g glucose load insulin levels were determined. Dietary fat intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Generalized least-squares regression analyses for unpaired twin data were used to determine the relationship between dietary fat intake and insulin levels after adjustment for total calories, age, several behavioral variables, and in some models, percentage of body fat and waist-to-hip ratio. Associations of dietary fat intake with insulin levels were also evaluated within the subset of monozygotic twin pairs (n = 164 pairs) after removal of genetic influences by regression analysis of intrapair differences. RESULTS Among the 544 individual women, a 20 g/day increase in total dietary fat was associated with a higher fasting insulin level (9% [P &amp;lt; 0.001] before and 6% [P &amp;lt; 0.01] after adjustment for the obesity variables). Higher intakes of saturated fat, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were each positively related to higher fasting insulin values. The relation of dietary fat with fasting insulin was significantly attenuated among physically active women compared with those who were sedentary (P = 0.04), even after adjustment for obesity. Only saturated fat intake was significantly associated with 2-h postglucose load insulin level before (P = 0.04) but not after adjustment for obesity. Within identical twin pairs, total dietary fat was positively related to fasting insulin before (P = 0.03) but not after adjustment for obesity (P = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS High intake of total dietary fat is positively related to relative fasting hyperinsulinemia in nondiabetic women, particularly those who are sedentary. This effect appears to be partly mediated by the relation of dietary fat with obesity.
Organochlorines in Swedish women: determinants of serum concentrations.
Authors: Anders Wicklund Glynn, Fredrik Granath, Marie Aune, Samuel Atuma, Per Ola Darnerud, Rickard Bjerselius, Harri Vainio, Elisabete Weiderpass
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

We studied associations between lifestyle/medical factors and lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of seven polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and five chlorinated pesticides/metabolites among 205 Swedish women (54-75 years old). Serum concentrations were significantly associated with age, body mass index, body weight change, diabetes mellitus, consumption of fatty fish, and place of residence. The findings suggest that lifestyle/medical factors may confound results in epidemiologic studies when they are related to both serum concentrations and disease. Moreover, disease itself may influence serum concentrations of some organochlorines, as indicated by the negative associations between recent weight change and serum concentrations of some PCB congeners, p,p -dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and the positive association between diabetes mellitus and HCB concentrations. Age was the only determinant that showed a consistent association with all compounds studied (positive); otherwise associations with single determinants varied among compounds even within the PCB group. This shows that the studied organochlorines should not be treated as a homogeneous group of compounds in epidemiologic studies.
Abstract A10: Upregulation of ADAM17 protease and HER ligands through a PKB negative feedback loop mediates acquired resistance to Trastuzumab in HER2 overexpressed breast cancer
Authors: Merel Gijsen, Peter King, Tim Perera, Peter Parker, Banafshe Larijani, Adrian Harris, Anthony Kong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The decision to treat breast cancer patients with Trastuzumab is based on HER2 receptor over-expression or gene amplification. However, even in this selective group of patients, the response rate remains poor and unpredictable. Furthermore, all responders eventually become resistant if Trastuzumab is given as monotherapy. It is still poorly understood how Trastuzumab exerts its mechanism of action and how the acquired resistance to this drug occurs. We have found the molecular mechanisms whereby Trastuzumab fails to abolish HER2 phosphorylation despite being an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody and have resolved the inconsistencies in the literature regarding the effect of Trastuzumab on HER2 phosphorylation. Trastuzumab did not decrease HER2 phosphorylation in these cells despite the effect on HER2 receptor downregulation. HER2 phosphorylation was maintained by activation of EGFR, HER3 and HER4 via their dimerisation with HER2. The activation of EGFR, HER3 and HER4 was due to an upregulation of HER ligands including heregulin and betacellulin. The upregulation of HER ligands was mediated by ADAM17 through a PKB negative feedback loop. The feedback loop was activated because of the inhibition of PKB by Trastuzumab treatment since upregulation of HER ligands and ADAM17 also occurred when PKB phosphorylation was inhibited by a PKB inhibitor (Akt inhibitor VIII, Akti-1/2). However, the combination treatment of Trastuzumab with a panHER inhibitor JNJ-26483327 was able to abrogate the feedback loop and it was synergistic in tumour inhibition in a BT474 xenograft model. Our data provides evidence that Trastuzumab resistance can be mediated by activation of HER family ligands as a direct consequence of inhibition of HER2 and PKB signalling. This offers treatment opportunities for overcoming resistance in these patients, including approaches to target all HER receptors in combination with Trastuzumab treatment. Future research should utilize a systems biology approach to identify other feedback loops that may be involved in the acquired resistance to Trastuzumab treatment in HER2 positive breast cancer. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):A10
Spontaneous immunoglobulin A secretion and lack of mitogen-responsive B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: O Saiki, Y Saeki, S Kishimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

In an analysis of lymphocyte functions of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, B cell abnormalities such as a lack of mitogen-responsive B cells and a predominance of spontaneous IgA-secreting cells (SC) were found. Lymphocyte functions of 20 SLE patients were studied. Impaired proliferative response to B cell mitogen, Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I (Cowan I), was observed, whereas the response to T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin was normal. High levels of spontaneous IgA-SC were observed in SLE patients (greater than 10(2) cells/10(4) peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMC]), whereas spontaneous IgM-, IgG-, or IgE-SC were not proportionately increased. The number of spontaneous IgA-SC decreased with time in culture and became undetectable by day 5 of culture. In contrast, spontaneous immunoglobulin- (IgM, IgG, and IgA) SC were not observed in healthy volunteers (less than 10 cells/10(4) PBMC). Moreover, in SLE patients failure of induction of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) was observed when B cells were stimulated by Cowan I and B cell differentiation factor at any day tested, whereas ISC were induced in healthy volunteers on day 6 of culture. Depletion of T cells or macrophages did not affect the results obtained. These results suggest that the abnormalities observed in SLE B cells are not due to the in vitro direct effects of suppressor macrophages or suppressor T cells, and that the condition of the predominance of spontaneous IgA-SC and the unresponsiveness to exogenous stimulation may be emblematic of hyperactive B cells in SLE.
Indications for Systemic Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Neutropenic Patients
Authors: A. S. D. Spiers, M. H. N. Tattersall, H. Gaya
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Four patients with malignant blood disease and neutropenia developed apparently localized infective lesions of the skin or conjunctiva from which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was cultured. In spite of appropriate local antimicrobial treatment all patients developed pseudomonas septicaemia within a short period and three died. It is argued that the isolation of pseudomonads from apparently localized lesions in patients with compromised antibacterial defences is an indication for systemic antibiotic therapy.