tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgeon Characteristics and Receipt of Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Dawn L. Hershman, Donna Buono, Russell B. McBride, Wei Yann Tsai, Kathy Ann Joseph, Victor R. Grann, Judith S. Jacobson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

Adjuvant radiotherapy following breast conservation surgery (BCS) is considered to be an indicator of quality of care for the majority of women with breast cancer, but many women do not receive adjuvant radiotherapy. We investigated the association of surgeon-related factors with receipt of adjuvant radiotherapy after BCS.We used the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database to identify women aged 65 years or older with stage I/II breast cancer who were diagnosed between 1991 and 2002 and underwent BCS. We collected demographic and clinical data from SEER and treatment information from Medicare claims data. The American Medical Association Masterfile was used to obtain information on surgeons' characteristics, including sex, medical school location (United States or elsewhere), and type of degree (MD or Doctorate in Osteopathic Medicine [DO]). The associations of patient (age, race, rural vs urban residence, comorbidities, marital status), tumor (hormone receptor status, grade, stage), and surgeon-related factors with receipt of adjuvant radiotherapy were analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations to control for clustering. All statistical tests were two-sided.Of 29,760 women in our sample, 22,207 (75%) received radiotherapy. Patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy were younger, had fewer comorbidities, and were more likely to be white, married, from an urban area, and diagnosed in a later year compared with those who did not. They were also more likely to have a surgeon who was female (79% vs 73%), had an MD degree (75% vs 68%), or was US trained (75% vs 70%). The multivariable analysis confirmed the association of radiotherapy with having a surgeon who was female (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 to 1.27), had an MD degree (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.24 to 1.91), was US trained (OR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.25), or had more than 15 patients (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.28).Surgeon characteristics were associated with patients' receipt of adjuvant radiotherapy after BCS after controlling for patient and tumor characteristics, although the individual effect sizes were small for surgeon sex, location of training, and type of medical degree. More research is warranted to confirm the associations to determine whether they reflect surgeon behavior, patient response, or physician-patient interactions.
Renal hemodynamics and plasma and kidney angiotensin II in established diabetes mellitus in rats
Authors: V Vallon, L M Wead, R C Blantz
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1995)

Six weeks after the onset of insulin-treated streptozotocin diabetes (STZ) in Munich-Wistar rats, the effect of a low-sodium (LNa) and a low-salt (LNaCl) diet on renal function and on plasma and kidney tissue angiotensin II (AIIp, AIIk) was tested. Clearance experiments were performed in anesthetized rats 7 days after starting on LNa or LNaCl. On a control diet, STZ exhibited an increase in GFR, RBF, and kidney weight (KW) and a reduction in renal vascular resistance (RVR) and AIIk, but no change in AIIp, compared with nondiabetic normal rats (CON). Although sodium restriction reduced and salt restriction increased AIIk in CON, both diets increased AIIp without affecting renal hemodynamics or KW. In diabetic rats, both salt and sodium restriction further increased GFR and RBF by reducing RVR, increased KW, and changed AIIk and AIIp in a similar pattern, but at significantly lower values compared with CON. Daily treatment of STZ-LNa with the AII-receptor blocker losartan (20 mg/L, in drinking water) did not affect the reduction in RVR and the increase in KW but slightly reduced RBF because of a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and further increased GFR. It was concluded that (1) AIIk but not AIIp is affected differently by LNa compared with LNaCl in both CON and STZ; (2) LNaCl and LNa change AIIp and AIIk in a similar pattern but at significant lower values in STZ compared with CON; and (3) with regard to renal hemodynamics and KW, the response to LNa and LNaCl is different in CON compared with rats 6 wk after the onset of diabetes mellitus, the latter exhibiting a further increase in renal hyperfiltration and KW by a mechanism that is not directly AII receptor dependent.
Photodynamic therapy vs. cryosurgery of basal cell carcinomas: results of a phase III clinical trial
Authors: I. Wang, N. Bendsoe, C.A_f. Klinteberg, A.M.K. Enejder, S. Andersson-Engels, S. Svanberg, K. Svanberg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Photodynamic therapy vs. cryosurgery of basal cell carcinomas: results of a phase III clinical trial Get access I. Wang, I. Wang Departments of Oncology andLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Bendsoe, N. Bendsoe Dermatology and Venereology, Lund University Hospital, SE‐221 85 Lund, SwedenLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A_f. Klinteberg, C.A_f. Klinteberg Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, PO Box 118, SE‐221 00 Lund, SwedenLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M.K. Enejder, A.M.K. Enejder Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, PO Box 118, SE‐221 00 Lund, SwedenLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Andersson‐Engels, S. Andersson‐Engels Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, PO Box 118, SE‐221 00 Lund, SwedenLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Svanberg, S. Svanberg Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, PO Box 118, SE‐221 00 Lund, SwedenLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Svanberg K. Svanberg Departments of Oncology andLund University Medical Laser Centre, Sweden Katarina Svanberg. E‐mail: Katarina.Svanberg@onk.lu.se Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 4, 1 April 2001, Pages 832–840, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04141.x Published: 01 April 2001
Uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), a novel BMP antagonist expressed in the kidney, accelerates tubular injury
Authors: Motoko Yanagita, Tomohiko Okuda, Shuichiro Endo, Mari Tanaka, Katsu Takahashi, Fumihiro Sugiyama, Satoshi Kunita, Satoru Takahashi, Atsushi Fukatsu, Masashi Yanagisawa, Toru Kita, Takeshi Sakurai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Dialysis dependency is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, and once end-stage renal disease develops, it cannot be reversed by currently available therapy. Although administration of large doses of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) has been shown to repair established renal injury and improve renal function, the pathophysiological role of endogenous BMP-7 and regulatory mechanism of its activities remain elusive. Here we show that the product of uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG1), a novel BMP antagonist abundantly expressed in the kidney, is the central negative regulator of BMP function in the kidney and that mice lacking USAG-1 (USAG1 mice) are resistant to renal injury. USAG1 mice exhibited prolonged survival and preserved renal function in acute and chronic renal injury models. Renal BMP signaling, assessed by phosphorylation of Smad proteins, was significantly enhanced in USAG1 mice with renal injury, indicating that the preservation of renal function is attributable to enhancement of endogenous BMP signaling. Furthermore, the administration of neutralizing antibody against BMP-7 abolished renoprotection in USAG1 mice, indicating that USAG-1 plays a critical role in the modulation of renoprotective action of BMP and that inhibition of USAG-1 is a promising means of development of novel treatment for renal diseases.
Induction of a fibrogenic response in mouse colon by overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
Authors: Y Motomura
Journal: Gut (2005)

<b>Background and aims:</b> Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) is increased transmurally in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although MCP-1 is considered to play an important role in fibrotic disease in other organs, the role of MCP-1 in gut fibrosis is unknown. We investigated the fibrotic potential of MCP-1 in the gut by overexpressing this chemokine in the mouse colorectal wall. <b>Methods:</b> Intramural gene transfer by direct injection of adenovector into the mouse rectal wall was established. C57BL/6 and Rag2<sup>−/−</sup> (B and T cell deficient) mice received 2.5×10<sup>9</sup> plaque forming units of an adenovector encoding murine MCP-1 (AdMCP-1) or control virus (AdDL70) via intramural injection. Mice were killed at various time points and tissues were obtained for histopathological and biochemical analysis. <b>Results:</b> AdMCP-1 significantly increased collagen production in the colorectum and this was associated with significant elevation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) protein. Transmural collagen deposition was observed after AdMCP-1 administration, and was accompanied by CD3+ T cells, F4/80+ macrophages, and vimentin+ cell infiltrates. Collagen was differentially distributed, with type I deposited in the muscularis mucosa and muscularis propria and type III in the submucosa and myenteric plexus. AdMCP-1 failed to induce collagen overproduction in immunodeficient Rag2<sup>−/−</sup> mice. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that MCP-1 can induce fibrosis in the gut and that this process involves interaction between T cells and vimentin positive fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, as well as the subsequent upregulation of TGF-β and TIMP-1 production. This model provides a basis for considering MCP-1 in the pathogenesis of strictures in IBD.
Nursing Home Physician Specialists: A Response to the Workforce Crisis in Long-Term Care
Authors: Paul R. Katz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Marginalization of physicians in the nursing home threatens the overall care of increasingly frail nursing home residents who have medically complex illnesses. The authors propose that creating a nursing home medicine specialty, which recognizes the nursing home as a unique practice site, would go a long way toward remedying existing problems with care in skilled nursing facilities and would best serve the needs of the 1.6 million nursing home residents in the United States. Reviewing what is known about physician practice in nursing homes and hospitals, and taking a lead from the hospitalist movement, the specialty would be characterized in 3 dimensions: the degree of physicians' commitment, physicians' practice competencies, and the structure of the medical staff organization in which they practice. Challenges to the adoption of a nursing home specialist model include mainstream medicine's failure to recognize the nursing home as a legitimate medical practice, the need for the nursing home industry and policymakers to appreciate the links between physician practice and quality, and assurance of financial viability. Implications for quality of care, health policy, and research needs are discussed in this article.
[53] VIROLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH HBeAg-NEGATIVE CHB TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON a-2a (40 kD) ± LAMIVUDINE: 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP RESULTS
Authors: P. Marcellin, F. Bonino, O.K. Lau, P. Farci, C. Yurdaydin, T. Piratvisuth, K. Luo, S. Gurel, S. Hadziyannis, Y. Wang, M. Popescu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Differences in Access to Health Care Services Between Insured and Uninsured Adults With Diabetes in Mexico
Authors: José A. Pagán, Andrea Puig
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

The prevalence of diabetes in Mexico has steadily increased in recent years, and this chronic condition is now the leading cause of death for those between ages 55 and 64 years (1,2). Health insurance coverage has been linked to improvements in the management of chronic health conditions because it increases access to health care services (3). The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between health insurance coverage and the use of conventional health care services, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and self-medication in a national sample of Mexican older adults with diabetes.

The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) ( n = 15,156) is a nationally representative prospective panel study of adults born before 1951. The 2001 baseline data were collected from June 2001 to September 2001, and MHAS includes comprehensive information on health, health care utilization, and socioeconomic status (4). Of the sample of 2,131 individuals who reported having diabetes, we excluded 230 due to missing responses. Our final sample included 1,901 diabetic adults aged 50 years and older. There were no substantial differences in demographic characteristics between survey participants with missing and nonmissing responses.

We used logistic regression to analyze how health insurance status was related to the use of conventional health …
Development: The missing link between exaptationist and adaptationist accounts of organismal design
Authors: William Michael Brown
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

To understand adaptation (and exaptation), a more comprehensive view of development is required: one beyond a constraining force. Developmental plasticity may be an adaptation by natural selection simultaneously favored (or sometimes in conflict) at multiple levels of biological organization (e.g., cells, individuals, groups, etc.). To understand the interrelationships between developmental plasticity and adaptive evolution I borrow heavily from West-Eberhard (2003) and Frank (1995; 1997). Developmental plasticity facilitates evolution, results in particular patterns of evolutionary change, and may produce exaptations by design rather than by chance.
Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity in Pemphigus
Authors: Kay H. Singer, Koji Hashimoto, Pamela J. Jensen, Shinji Morioka, Gerald S. Lazarus
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1985)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Superoxide Mediates Sympathoexcitation in Heart Failure
Authors: Lie Gao, Wei Wang, Yu-Long Li, Harold D. Schultz, Dongmei Liu, Kurtis G. Cornish, Irving H. Zucker
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is often associated with excitation of the sympathetic nervous system. This event is thought to be a negative predictor of survival in CHF. Sympathoexcitation and central angiotensin II (Ang II) have been causally linked. Recent studies have shown that NAD(P)H oxidase-derived reactive oxidant species (ROS) are important mediators of Ang II signaling. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that central Ang II activates sympathetic outflow by stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidase and ROS in the CHF state. CHF was induced in male New Zealand White rabbits by chronic ventricular tachycardia. Using radio telemetry of arterial pressure and intracerebroventricular infusions, experiments were performed in the conscious state. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was recorded as a direct measure of sympathetic outflow. Intracerebroventricular Ang II significantly increased RSNA in sham (131.5+/-13.3% of control) and CHF (193.6+/-11.9% of control) rabbits. The increase in CHF rabbits was significantly greater than in sham rabbits (P<0.01). These responses were abolished by intracerebroventricular losartan, tempol, or apocynin. Resting RSNA was significantly reduced by intracerebroventricular losartan, tempol, or apocynin in CHF rabbits but not in sham rabbits. Intracerebroventricular administration of the superoxide dismutase inhibitor diethyldithio-carbamic acid increased RSNA significantly more in sham compared with CHF rabbits. NADPH-dependent superoxide anion production in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) was increased by 2.9-fold in CHF rabbits compared with sham rabbits. Finally, increases in the RVLM mRNA and protein expression of Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor and subunits of NAD(P)H oxidase (p40phox, p47phox, and gp91phox) were demonstrated in CHF rabbits. These data demonstrate intense radical stress in autonomic areas of the brain in experimental CHF and provide evidence for a tight relationship between Ang II and ROS as contributors to sympathoexcitation in CHF.
Common variants at ten loci influence QT interval duration in the QTGEN Study
Authors: Christopher Newton-Cheh, Mark Eijgelsheim, Kenneth M Rice, Paul I W de Bakker, Xiaoyan Yin, Karol Estrada, Joshua C Bis, Kristin Marciante, Fernando Rivadeneira, Peter A Noseworthy, Nona Sotoodehnia, Nicholas L Smith, Jerome I Rotter, Jan A Kors, Jacqueline C M Witteman, Albert Hofman, Susan R Heckbert, Christopher J O'Donnell, André G Uitterlinden, Bruce M Psaty, Thomas Lumley, Martin G Larson, Bruno H Ch Stricker
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Inertial Focusing for Tumor Antigen–Dependent and –Independent Sorting of Rare Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Emre Ozkumur, Ajay M. Shah, Jordan C. Ciciliano, Benjamin L. Emmink, David T. Miyamoto, Elena Brachtel, Min Yu, Pin-i Chen, Bailey Morgan, Julie Trautwein, Anya Kimura, Sudarshana Sengupta, Shannon L. Stott, Nezihi Murat Karabacak, Thomas A. Barber, John R. Walsh, Kyle Smith, Philipp S. Spuhler, James P. Sullivan, Richard J. Lee, David T. Ting, Xi Luo, Alice T. Shaw, Aditya Bardia, Lecia V. Sequist, David N. Louis, Shyamala Maheswaran, Ravi Kapur, Daniel A. Haber, Mehmet Toner
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2013)

A multistage microfluidic chip is capable of sorting rare EpCAM + and EpCAM − CTCs from cancer patients’ whole blood.
Postextrasystolic potentiation of the isolated canine left ventricle. Relationship to mechanical restitution.
Authors: D T Yue, D Burkhoff, M R Franz, W C Hunter, K Sagawa
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

We established, for the isolated, isovolumically beating canine left ventricle, a comprehensive description of postextrasystolic contractile strength (dP/dtmax) as a function of extrasystolic and postextrasystolic stimulus intervals. In contrast to previous studies of postextrasystolic beats in in situ hearts, these isolated ventricles contracted isovolumically so that dP/dtmax was not affected by fluctuations in preload and afterload and was therefore considered to be a reliable index of intrinsic contractility. With the interval preceding extrasystoles constant, postextrasystolic contractile strength increased monoexponentially to a plateau as the interval preceding postextrasystoles lengthened, with a mean time constant (+/- SD) of 182 +/- 44 msec (n = 53). The onset of this increase in postextrasystolic contractile strength coincided with repolarization of the extrasystolic action potential. With the interval preceding postextrasystoles held constant and long (1200 msec), postextrasystolic contractile strength decreased according to a monoexponential function as the interval preceding extrasystoles lengthened [mean time constant (+/- SD) of 176 +/- 18 msec (n = 10)]. These phenomena could be quantitatively summarized by a single equation description of postextrasystolic contractile strength which involved monoexponential functions with one time constant. The mathematical form of this description led us to a simple interpretation of these phenomena in terms of currently proposed excitation-contraction coupling models of the heart.
Lacerations from glass in childhood.
Authors: R H Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A study of 62 glass injuries to children serious enough to warrant admission to hospital showed that 30 were due to architectural glass in doors or windows and 26 of these occurred in houses. Glass bottles caused 12 injuries. Architectural glass produced more serious injuries affecting major arteries, nerves and tendons, and internal viscera. In view of the frequency and severity of architectural glass injuries in houses, safety glass in recommended for all glass doors, French windows, patio doors, and the lower parts of windows.
STRUCTURE AND SPECIFICITY OF GUINEA PIG 7S ANTIBODIES
Authors: G. M. Edelman, B. Benacerraf, Z. Ovary
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Additional evidence has been obtained to show that different guinea pig anti-hapten antibodies differ in the structure of their L polypeptide chains. Antibodies from animals immunized with the same hapten conjugated to different carrier proteins gave similar starch gel electrophoretic patterns after dissociation of their chains. In a study of fine differences of specificity, cross-reacting antibodies were found to have some L chains with the same electrophoretic mobility. The multiplicity of L chain bands found in the characteristic starch gel electrophoretic patterns of dissociated anti-DNP antibodies was shown to be a reflection of the heterogeneity of antibodies of slightly different specificities. Reduction and alkylation of the active fragment produced by digestion of antibodies with papain yielded starch gel electrophoretic bands corresponding in mobility to L chains. The results are consistent with the notion that L chains are involved in the acquisition of immunologic specificity.
Environmental Pollutant and Potent Mutagen 3-Nitrobenzanthrone Forms DNA Adducts after Reduction by NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase and Conjugation by Acetyltransferases and Sulfotransferases in Human Hepatic Cytosols
Authors: Volker M. Arlt, Marie Stiborova, Colin J. Henderson, Martin R. Osborne, Christian A. Bieler, Eva Frei, Vaclav Martinek, Bruno Sopko, C. Roland Wolf, Heinz H. Schmeiser, David H. Phillips
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract 3-Nitrobenzanthrone (3-nitro-7H-benz[de]anthracen-7-one, 3-NBA) is a potent mutagen and suspected human carcinogen identified in diesel exhaust and air pollution. We compared the ability of human hepatic cytosolic samples to catalyze DNA adduct formation by 3-NBA. Using the 32P-postlabeling method, we found that 12/12 hepatic cytosols activated 3-NBA to form multiple DNA adducts similar to those formed in vivo in rodents. By comparing 3-NBA–DNA adduct formation in the presence of cofactors of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and xanthine oxidase, most of the reductive activation of 3-NBA in human hepatic cytosols was attributed to NQO1. Inhibition of adduct formation by dicoumarol, an NQO1 inhibitor, supported this finding and was confirmed with human recombinant NQO1. When cofactors of N,O-acetyltransferases (NAT) and sulfotransferases (SULT) were added to cytosolic samples, 3-NBA–DNA adduct formation increased 10- to 35-fold. Using human recombinant NQO1 and NATs or SULTs, we found that mainly NAT2, followed by SULT1A2, NAT1, and, to a lesser extent, SULT1A1 activate 3-NBA. We also evaluated the role of hepatic NADPH:cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) in the activation of 3-NBA in vivo by treating hepatic POR-null mice and wild-type littermates i.p. with 0.2 or 2 mg/kg body weight of 3-NBA. No difference in DNA binding was found in any tissue examined (liver, lung, kidney, bladder, and colon) between null and wild-type mice, indicating that 3-NBA is predominantly activated by cytosolic nitroreductases rather than microsomal POR. Collectively, these results show the role of human hepatic NQO1 to reduce 3-NBA to species being further activated by NATs and SULTs.