tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase I Single-Dose Study of Intracavitary-Administered Iodine-131-TM-601 in Adults With Recurrent High-Grade Glioma
Authors: Adam N. Mamelak, Steven Rosenfeld, Richard Bucholz, Andrew Raubitschek, L. Burt Nabors, John B. Fiveash, Sui Shen, M.B. Khazaeli, David Colcher, An Liu, Medhat Osman, Bart Guthrie, Susan Schade-Bijur, Diana M. Hablitz, Vernon L. Alvarez, Matthew A. Gonda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

TM-601 binds to malignant brain tumor cells with high affinity and does not seem to bind to normal brain tissue. Preclinical studies suggest that iodine-131 (131I) -TM-601 may be an effective targeted therapy for the treatment of glioma. We evaluated the safety, biodistribution, and dosimetry of intracavitary-administered 131I-TM-601 in patients with recurrent glioma.Eighteen adult patients (17 with glioblastoma multiforme and one with anaplastic astrocytoma) with histologically documented recurrent glioma and a Karnofsky performance status of > or = 60% who were eligible for cytoreductive craniotomy were enrolled. An intracavitary catheter with subcutaneous reservoir was placed in the tumor cavity during surgery. Two weeks after surgery, patients received a single dose of 131I-TM-601 from one of three dosing panels (0.25, 0.50, or 1.0 mg of TM-601), each labeled with 10 mCi of 131I.Intracavitary administration was well tolerated, with no dose-limiting toxicities observed. 131I-TM-601 bound to the tumor periphery and demonstrated long-term retention at the tumor with minimal uptake in any other organ system. Nonbound peptide was eliminated from the body within 24 to 48 hours. Only minor adverse events were reported during the 22 days after administration. At day 180, four patients had radiographic stable disease, and one had a partial response. Two of these patients further improved and were without evidence of disease for more than 30 months.A single dose of 10 mCi 131I-TM-601 was well tolerated for 0.25 to 1.0 mg TM-601 and may have an antitumoral effect. Dosimetry and biodistribution from this first trial suggest that phase II studies of 131I-TM-601 are indicated.
Decontamination and disposal of PCB wastes.
Authors: L E Johnston
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Decontamination and disposal processes for PCB wastes are reviewed. Processes are classed as incineration, chemical reaction or decontamination. Incineration technologies are not limited to the rigorous high temperature but include those where innovations in use of oxident, heat transfer and residue recycle are made. Chemical processes include the sodium processes, radiant energy processes and low temperature oxidations. Typical processing rates and associated costs are provided where possible.
CD1a-autoreactive T cells recognize natural skin oils that function as headless antigens
Authors: Annemieke de Jong, Tan-Yun Cheng, Shouxiong Huang, Stephanie Gras, Richard W Birkinshaw, Anne G Kasmar, Ildiko Van Rhijn, Victor Peña-Cruz, Daniel T Ruan, John D Altman, Jamie Rossjohn, D Branch Moody
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Cancer, Culture, and Health Disparities: Time to Chart a New Course?
Authors: M. Kagawa-Singer, A. Valdez Dadia, M. C. Yu, A. Surbone
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2010)

Little progress has been made over the last 40 years to eliminate the racial/ethnic differences in incidence, morbidity, avoidable suffering, and mortality from cancer that result from factors beyond genetic differences. More effective strategies to promote equity in access and quality care are urgently needed because the changing demographics of the United States portend that this disparity will not only persist but significantly increase. Such suffering is avoidable. The authors posit that culture is a prime factor in the persistence of health disparities. However, this concept of culture is still poorly understood, inconsistently defined, and ineffectively used in practice and research. The role of culture in the causal pathway of disparities and the potential impact of culturally competent cancer care on improving cancer outcomes in ethnic minorities has, thus, been underestimated. In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive definition of culture and demonstrate how it can be used at each stage of the cancer care continuum to help reduce the unequal burden of cancer. The authors conclude with suggestions for clinical practice to eliminate the disconnection between evidence-based, quality, cancer care and its delivery to diverse population groups.
TONSILS AND ADENOIDS: THEIR MEDICAL AND SURGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: J. A. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1929)

t BB 337 lob(, xviti bronchiial breathing, bronchoplionN, and patclles of crepi- tat ions irregularly scattered thlrougllout thle luIng.The evening t nimperatnre was 1000 F., morning temperatutre 990 F. or noimal;i le pullse rate 80, anid respiration rate 21.Tlle patient lhad severe congh (no sputumiiii), cold ngliht sweats, and thle clear brighlt eyes of tuberculouis toxaermiia.She remained seriously ill fol a montlh, buit in two montlhs she was convalescent, and in tree montlhs the affected lung slhowed nio abnormality.Cases 2 and 3 are in miarked contrast.In Case 2 tihere was acuite tuberculosis of the blironelhial glands, only, and ey evidence of acuite toxaeiiia.In Case 3 the toxaemia wa-obviously less, altlotgl the lungir w.-as extensively involved.This wi-ouild seem to suggest that in Case 2 thlere was a definlite acute tuberculotus infection, whereas int Case 3 tlhe coniditioln was plrobab)ly caused by ani enilargedI a.nd1 adhierenit tubercuiloius glanId suiddenly opening into a lhroncliial tutbe distribuiting its contents, lar'ely consistillng of caseous material with a minimum of tnber;le bacilli, iltO thte corresponiding lung.This wouild accouint for the miiuclh more favouIrable pr'ognosis in the so-calle(d " acute l)nell- moaseli phthlisis,'' as comparedl w-ith thle more deadly\ bronclho-pneaumonic, " type, in whichli -tlhere is diffuse andl profuse infection, probably froiii acutely iniflamed glands, *eithler by an extenlsive retrogressivre sprlead, or by-the
Population-Based External Validation of a Competing-Risks Nomogram for Patients With Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Giovanni Lughezzani, Maxine Sun, Lars Budäus, Rodolphe Thuret, Paul Perrotte, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

In a recent article, Kutikov et al 1 described a nomogram predicting renal cell carcinoma (RCC) -specific, noncancer, and other cancer mortality in patients with localized surgically treated RCC.In their analysis, the authors relied on 17 registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and included 30,801 patients treated surgically between 1988 and 2003. 1 The results of their elegant analysis yielded a competing-risks nomogram in which patient age, race, sex, and tumor size predict the three outcomes of interest: RCC-specific, noncancer, and other-cancer mortality.The validity of the proposed model, as provided by Kutikov et al, was only supported with calibration data, which provide a graphical representation of the relationship between predicted and observed mortality rates. 1 Calibration results only represent partial evidence of the model's ability to predict the outcome of interest, and model accuracy (c-index) is needed to complement calibration data. 2,3The suboptimal nature of the validation offered by Kutikov et al 1 is further compounded by its internal nature: the same population is used for model development and its validation, which may artificially inflate the model's performance.Customarily, a formal validation should rely on an independent external cohort. 2,4Within an external validation, calibration results are not sufficient to provide adequate proof of validity.Discrimination (accuracy), which is quantified by the c-index, represents the most important validation benchmark and should invariably accompany calibration results. 2,3Accuracy values range from 0.5 to 1.0, where 0.5 represents random predictions and 1.0 represents perfect predictions. 5,6][9][10] From a practical perspective, a model may be well calibrated, but may have low accuracy, in which case it is of no or limited value.Alternatively, a model may have high accuracy, but its calibration may be poor in a subset of patients.Therefore, it is important to provide both calibration and discrimination, if a model is to be used in clinical practice. 2,3asedonlackofdiscriminationtestingoftheKutikovetalmodel,we decided to revisit the study end points.For this purpose, we relied on a more recent version of the SEER 17 database, where 47,192 patients were treated surgically between 1988 and 2006, for localized RCC.These patients were identified according to the criteria of Kutikov et al. 1 This population was then randomly divided into development (n ϭ 23,639) and external validation (n ϭ 23,553) cohorts.We then replicated the previously reported competing-risks nomogram according to the specifications of Kutikov et al 1 (Fig 1A).The goal was to test the calibration and discrimination properties of this nomogram within an external validation cohort.
Arginase I is constitutively expressed in human granulocytes and participates in fungicidal activity
Authors: Markus Munder, Faustino Mollinedo, Jero Calafat, Javier Canchado, Cristina Gil-Lamaignere, José M. Fuentes, Claudia Luckner, Gwendolyn Doschko, Germán Soler, Klaus Eichmann, Frank-Michael Müller, Anthony D. Ho, Martin Goerner, Manuel Modolell
Journal: Blood (2004)
Participant and Parent Experiences in the Parenteral Insulin Arm of the Diabetes Prevention Trial for Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Amy E. Baughcum, Korey Hood, Lisa E. Rafkin-Mervis, Desmond A. Schatz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

To assess participant and parent experiences in the parenteral insulin arm of the Diabetes Prevention Trial for Type 1 Diabetes (DPT-1).Before trial results were publicized, surveys were completed by 82 intervention participants (the intervention group) (who received annual 4-day insulin infusions and daily insulin injections), 81 closely monitored control subjects (the closely monitored group), and 135 parents of children in the trial.Survey results suggest that participant perspective (adult, child, parent, and sex), study procedures, and group assignment have important implications when planning clinical trials. Parents rated the trial more favorably but worried about hypoglycemia and diabetes onset. Children had the least favorable reaction to the study. Parents preferred assignment to the intervention group; child/adult participants preferred assignment to the closely monitored group. The intervention group rated the annual 4-day insulin infusions more negatively than all other study procedures. Intervention group participants/parents reported poorer insulin injection adherence over the course of the study. Intervention group participants, parents, and female subjects expressed an interest in additional psychosocial support during the trial. Random assignment was viewed negatively by both study groups. Close observation for diabetes onset was viewed as the most favorable aspect of the study. Behaviors outside of the study protocol to prevent or delay diabetes onset were common and should be monitored in future prevention studies.Overall, most participants were positive about the trial, and many expressed optimism about the intervention's potential for success. These results have implications for study design, recruitment, and retention procedures in future prevention trials.
Can solvent inhalation be the cause of occupational asthma
Authors: Vicky Moore, Alastair Robertson, Sherwood Burge
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

We present a case of a 48 year old maintenance engineer with wheeze and shortness of breath for the last 8 months. He was better on his second day off work and better on holidays. Since age 31 he had been exposed to various glues, solvents and cleaning agents. He was an ex-smoker, atopic with no family history of asthma. He had mild non-specific bronchial reactivity at 600 µg methacholine (Yan method). He carried out serial peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements which showed occupational asthma (Oasys score 3.60). Specific inhalation challenges (SIC) showed an immediate reaction to C-Solve solvent. The solvent contained a cherry base fragrance with ingredients of benzaldehyde, eugenol and limonene amongst other things. Eugenol sensitivity has been described in a case previously, therefore further SICs were carried out using C-Solve with and without eugenol, eugenol alone and Prosolve which contains the same solvent as C-Solve (acetone and propan-2-ol) but without the cherry base. The tests revealed no problems with eugenol or Prosolve.

![Figure][1] 



In conclusion, solvents alone are unlikely to cause occupational asthma, but the scents or additives within them are a probable cause. In our case, limonene is the most likely agent, but further SICs were not carried out to confirm this. The gentleman has now been relocated away from C-Solve use and is well.

 [1]: pending:yes
Intra-strain heterogeneity of gonococcal pili is related to opacity colony variance.
Authors: I E Salit, M Blake, E C Gotschlich
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

We have purified pili from isogenic opacity colony variants that were derived from 14 gonococcal strains. Pili purified from opaque colonies of one strain usually differed from pili purified from transparent colonies of the same strain. In 10 of the 14 strains examined, the apparent subunit molecular weight of pilin isolated from the opaque variants was larger than that seen with pilin obtained from transparent variants. In addition there were demonstrable intra-strain differences in the isoelectric point and buoyant density of pili derived from the opacity variants. Because gonococci express differing opacity phenotypes during the menstrual cycle, it is possible that the pili of these organisms may also alter in vivo.
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3 Expression in Lung Cancer and Its Role in the Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival and Proliferation
Authors: Di Cai, David S. Shames, Maria Gabriela Raso, Yang Xie, Young H. Kim, Jonathan R. Pollack, Luc Girard, James P. Sullivan, Boning Gao, Michael Peyton, Meera Nanjundan, Lauren Byers, John Heymach, Gordon Mills, Adi F. Gazdar, Ignacio Wistuba, Thomas Kodadek, John D. Minna
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) is a histone acetyltransferase and nuclear hormone receptor coactivator, located on 20q12, which is amplified in several epithelial cancers and well studied in breast cancer. However, its possible role in lung cancer pathogenesis is unknown. We found SRC-3 to be overexpressed in 27% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n = 311) by immunohistochemistry, which correlated with poor disease-free (P = 0.0015) and overall (P = 0.0008) survival. Twenty-seven percent of NSCLCs exhibited SRC-3 gene amplification, and we found that lung cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of SRC-3 than did immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC), which in turn expressed higher levels of SRC-3 than did cultured primary human HBECs. Small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of SRC-3 in high-expressing, but not in low-expressing, lung cancer cells significantly inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis. Finally, we found that SRC-3 expression is inversely correlated with gefitinib sensitivity and that SRC-3 knockdown results in epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant lung cancers becoming more sensitive to gefitinib. Taken together, these data suggest that SRC-3 may be an important oncogene and therapeutic target for lung cancer.
Binge Eating Disorder: A Stable Syndrome
Authors: Harrison G. Pope, Justine K. Lalonde, Lindsay J. Pindyck, Timothy Walsh, Cynthia M. Bulik, Scott J. Crow, Susan L. McElroy, Norman Rosenthal, James I. Hudson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

This study assessed the stability of binge eating disorder in a community sample.The authors interviewed 888 first-degree relatives of 300 overweight or obese probands (150 with binge eating disorder and 150 with no lifetime eating disorder) who were recruited during a family study. They compared the total duration of illness among relatives with lifetime diagnoses of binge eating disorder (N=131), bulimia nervosa (N=17), and anorexia nervosa (N=18).The mean lifetime duration of binge eating disorder was 14.4 years (SD=13.9), significantly longer than for either bulimia nervosa (mean=5.8 years, SD=9.1) or anorexia nervosa (mean=5.9 years, SD=7.4). These differences changed little when analysis was restricted to female relatives or to relatives of the probands with no lifetime eating disorder.These findings suggest that binge eating disorder is at least as chronic as the well-validated disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and likely represents a stable syndrome.
Faulty ECM Signaling Facilitates Autoimmune Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Rolf A. Brekken
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

The contribution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the microenvironment of solid tumors is appreciated although not completely understood; however, the contribution of the ECM to the development of hematopoietic tumors has not been investigated in depth. A new study by Sangaletti and colleagues demonstrates that faulty ECM signaling can facilitate malignant lymphoproliferation in mice predisposed to autoimmunity. Similar changes in ECM construction, consistent with a loss of inhibitory ECM signaling, were identified in the transition from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to malignant chronic lymphocytic leukemia in patients. These results reveal a critical contribution of reduced collagen signaling in lymphoma and highlight the importance of appropriate ECM construction for maintenance of tissue homeostasis.
Which spinal lesions are associated with new bone formation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with anti-TNF agents? A long-term observational study using MRI and conventional radiography
Authors: X Baraliakos, F Heldmann, J Callhoff, J Listing, T Appelboom, J Brandt, F Van den Bosch, M Breban, GR Burmester, M Dougados, P Emery, H Gaston, M Grunke, I E Van Der Horst-Bruinsma, R Landewé, M Leirisalo-Repo, J Sieper, K De Vlam, D Pappas, U Kiltz,, D Van Der Heijde, J Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objective</h3> To study the relationship of spinal inflammation and fatty degeneration (FD) as detected by MRI and new bone formation seen on conventional radiographs (CRs) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). <h3>Methods</h3> CRs at baseline, 2 years and 5 years and spinal MRIs at baseline and 2 years of 73 AS patients treated with infliximab in European AS Infliximab Cohort were available. Relative risks (RR) were calculated with a general linear model after adjustment for within-patient variation. <h3>Results</h3> In a total of 1466 vertebral edges (VEs) without baseline syndesmophytes, 61 syndesmophytes developed at 5 years, the majority of which (57.4%) had no corresponding detectable MRI lesions at baseline. VEs with both inflammation and FD at baseline had the highest risk (RR 3.3, p=0.009) for syndesmophyte formation at 5 years, followed by VEs that developed new FD or did not resolve FD at 2 years (RR=2.3, p=0.034), while inflammation at baseline with no FD at 2 years had the lowest risk for syndesmophyte formation at 5 years (RR=0.8). Of the VEs with inflammation at baseline, &gt;70% resolved completely, 28.8% turned into FD after 2 years, but only 1 syndesmophyte developed within 5 years. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Parallel occurrence of inflammation and FD at baseline and development of FD without prior inflammation after 2 years were significantly associated with syndesmophyte formation after 5 years of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. However, the sequence 'inflammation–FD–new bone formation' was rarely observed, an argument against the TNF-brake hypothesis. Whether an early suppression of inflammation leads to a decrease of the risk for new bone formation remains to be demonstrated.
Guidelines for Improving Entry Into and Retention in Care and Antiretroviral Adherence for Persons With HIV: Evidence-Based Recommendations From an International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care Panel
Authors: Melanie A. Thompson, Michael J. Mugavero, K. Rivet Amico, Victoria A. Cargill, Larry W. Chang, Robert Gross, Catherine Orrell, Frederick L. Altice, David R. Bangsberg, John G. Bartlett, Curt G. Beckwith, Nadia Dowshen, Christopher M. Gordon, Tim Horn, Princy Kumar, James D. Scott, Michael J. Stirratt, Robert H. Remien, Jane M. Simoni, Jean B. Nachega
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

After HIV diagnosis, timely entry into HIV medical care and retention in that care are essential to the provision of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Adherence to ART is among the key determinants of successful HIV treatment outcome and is essential to minimize the emergence of drug resistance. The International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care convened a panel to develop evidence-based recommendations to optimize entry into and retention in care and ART adherence for people with HIV.A systematic literature search was conducted to produce an evidence base restricted to randomized, controlled trials and observational studies with comparators that had at least 1 measured biological or behavioral end point. A total of 325 studies met the criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted and coded data from each study using a standardized data extraction form. Panel members drafted recommendations based on the body of evidence for each method or intervention and then graded the overall quality of the body of evidence and the strength for each recommendation.Recommendations are provided for monitoring entry into and retention in care, interventions to improve entry and retention, and monitoring of and interventions to improve ART adherence. Recommendations cover ART strategies, adherence tools, education and counseling, and health system and service delivery interventions. In addition, they cover specific issues pertaining to pregnant women, incarcerated individuals, homeless and marginally housed individuals, and children and adolescents, as well as substance use and mental health disorders. Recommendations for future research in all areas are also provided.
Practice of Therapeutic Endoscopy
Authors: I FORGACS
Journal: Gut (2001)

Practice of Therapeutic Endoscopy , 2nd edn. Edited by G N J Tytgat, M Classen, J D Waye, et al (Pp 328; illustrated; £99.95). Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 2000. ISBN 0702025615.

We are in the throes of a revolution in the printing world, the ramifications of which cannot be accurately foreseen but are certainly as likely to have as dramatic effect on global culture as did Johann Gutenberg's invention of printing in the 15th century. Maybe we should all be pleased that we are living right in the middle of the revolution in communications technology. It is an endless source of fascination to listen to those who just a few years ago could not distinguish a RAM from a ROM, …
Limited Disclosure of Sexual Abuse in Children Whose Experiences Were Documented by Videotape
Authors: Rickard L. Sjöberg, Frank Lindblad
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: The authors describe obstacles to children’s disclosure of their sexual abuse experiences. METHOD: Ten children’s descriptions of 102 incidents of sexual abuse and the process of disclosing these incidents during police interviews were studied. Children’s self-reports of the abuse were compared to videotapes of the incidents made by the lone perpetrator. RESULTS: There was a significant tendency among the children to deny or belittle their experiences. Some children simply did not want to disclose their experiences, some had difficulties remembering them, and one child lacked adequate concepts to understand and describe them. CONCLUSIONS: Failure by children to disclose their experiences of sexual abuse might have diverse explanations. Professionals will most likely never be able to identify all cases of sexual abuse on the basis of children’s narratives.