tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of Adult Patients with Persistent Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Following Splenectomy
Authors: Sara K. Vesely, Jedidiah J. Perdue, Mujahid A. Rizvi, Deirdra R. Terrell, James N. George
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Treatment of chronic refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a dilemma because many patients have minimal symptoms, response to treatment is uncertain, and treatments may have serious adverse effects. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of treatments for adult patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who have not responded to splenectomy. Data Sources: English-language reports from 1966 through 2003 that were retrieved from MEDLINE and Reference Update and bibliographies of retrieved articles. Study Selection: Articles reporting 5 or more total patients were reviewed to select eligible patients. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were more than 16 years of age, had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura for more than 3 months, had a previous splenectomy, and had a platelet count less than 50 × 109 cells/L. Data Extraction: Patients were assessed for platelet count response, bleeding complications, duration of follow-up, and death. Complete remission was defined as a normal platelet count with no treatment for more than 3 months and for the duration of follow-up. Data Synthesis: 90 articles with 656 patients treated with 22 therapies met selection criteria. Azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab had the most reported complete responses, but they were reported in only 41 to 109 patients. Reported complete response rates ranged from 17% to 27%, but 36% to 42% of patients had no response with these 3 treatments. Most reports described only platelet count responses; bleeding outcomes were reported in only 63 patients (10%). Only 111 (17%) of the 656 eligible patients had pretreatment platelet counts of less than 10 × 109 cells/L. No treatment method was reported in more than 20 patients. Conclusions: Evidence for the effectiveness of any treatment for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and persistent severe thrombocytopenia after splenectomy is minimal. Potentially effective treatments must be evaluated by randomized, controlled trials to determine both benefit and safety.
Thrombocythemia and polycythemia in patients younger than 20 years at diagnosis: clinical and biologic features, treatment, and long-term outcome
Authors: Fiorina Giona, Luciana Teofili, Maria Luisa Moleti, Maurizio Martini, Giovanna Palumbo, Angela Amendola, Maria Gabriella Mazzucconi, Anna Maria Testi, Patrizia Pignoloni, Sonia Maria Orlando, Sara Capodimonti, Mauro Nanni, Giuseppe Leone, Luigi Maria Larocca, Robin Foà
Journal: Blood (2012)
Pseudoaneurysm of The Splenic Artery
Authors: Renato H. Rojas
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This complication of splenic infarction has not to our knowledge been previously documented or its preoperative diagnosis established. It is an indication for surgical treatment in a circulatory disturbance that is otherwise managed medically. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 68-year-old man (VH 73082) consulted his physician because of mild to moderate, intermittent, pain in the left upper quadrant and flank for the previous few weeks. Results of physical examination were within normal limits for the age except for a inguinal hernia on the right side and a mild systolic aortic murmur. Findings from laboratory and roentgenologic tests were normal with the exception of slight decrease in albumin and increase in alkaline phosphatase levels. While in the hospital, the patient reported one morning that the hernia was no longer reducible. Examination showed it to be incarcerated, although relatively painless. Herniorrhaphy was performed. A gush of noncoagulating red blood
Esophageal tuberculosis: a microgranuloma visualized by narrow-band imaging magnifying endoscopy
Authors: Y. Takaki, K. Yao, Y. Yano, T. Matsui, H. Tanabe, S. Haraoka, A. Iwashita, R. Nakashima
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

We report the unique finding of a microgranuloma successfully visualized by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging. The histological findings of a target biopsy specimen revealed that the microgranuloma was due to esophageal tuberculosis. This is the first report to demonstrate the magnifying endoscopy findings for a subepithelial microgranuloma of esophageal tuberculosis.
Effects of breathing pattern and inspired air conditions on breath condensate volume, pH, nitrite, and protein concentrations
Authors: J B McCafferty
Journal: Thorax (2004)

The effects of breathing pattern and inspired air conditions on the volume and content of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) were investigated.Total exhaled water (TEW), EBC volume, pH, nitrite and protein concentrations were measured in three groups of 10 healthy subjects breathing into a condenser at different target minute ventilations (Vm), tidal volumes (Vt), and inspired air conditions.The volumes of both TEW and EBC increased significantly with Vm. For Vm 7.5, 15 and 22.5 l/min, mean (SD) EBC was 627 (258) microl, 1019 (313) microl, and 1358 (364) microl, respectively (p<0.001) and TEW was 1879 (378) microl, 2986 (496) microl, and 4679 (700) microl, respectively (p<0.001). TEW was significantly higher than EBC, reflecting a condenser efficiency of 40% at a target Vm of 7.5 l/min which reduced to 29% at Vm 22.5 l/min. Lower Vt gave less TEW than higher Vt (26.6 v 30.7 microl/l, mean difference 4.1 (95% CI 2.6 to 5.6), p<0.001) and a smaller EBC volume (4.3 v 7.6 microl/l, mean difference 3.4 (95% CI 2.3 to 4.5), p<0.001). Cooler and drier inspired air yielded less water vapour and less breath condensate than standard conditions (p<0.05). Changes in the breathing pattern had no effect on EBC protein and nitrite concentrations and pH.These results show that condensate volume can be increased by using high Vt and increased Vm without compromising the dilution of the sample.
IMPROVED AUTOMATED LUMEN CONTOUR DETECTION BY A NOVEL MULTI-FREQUENCY PROCESSING ALGORITHM USING A CURRENT INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND SYSTEM
Authors: Teruyoshi Kume, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Katsuhisa Waseda, Shashidhar Sathyanarayana, Wenguang Li, Tat-Jin Teo, Paul G. Yock, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways
Authors: Michael R. Knowles, Richard C. Boucher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Innate defenses in the lung Microanatomy of the airway surfaceWith the advent of the capacity to fix airway surface liquid (ASL) in vivo, using the perfluorocarbon/osmium technique pioneered by Sims et al. ( 12), and the development of well-differentiated (WD) human airway epithelial cultures that exhibit mucus transport in vitro (13), it is now possible to investigate the microanatomy of mucus transport on airway surfaces at high resolution.Representative images depicting the range of morphologic techniques that can be applied to this culture system are shown in Figure 2.Analysis of photomicrographs of this preparation, combined with immunocytochemical studies, have revealed several key features of the microanatomy of the ASL compartment (13,14).The ASL consists of at least two layers, a mucus layer and a periciliary liquid layer (PCL; Figure 2).The mucus layer consists of high-molecular weight, heavily glycosylated macromolecules, products of at least two distinct genes (MUC5AC and MUC5B), that behave as a tangled network of polymers Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways
When Should Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Be Treated?
Authors: Basil M. Rifkind
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differential Role of CD80 and CD86 Molecules in the Induction and the Effector Phases of Allergic Rhinitis in Mice
Authors: MITSUHIRO OKANO, MIYUKI AZUMA, TADASHI YOSHINO, HISASHI HATTORI, MICHIHIRO NAKADA, ABHAY R. SATOSKAR, DONALD A. HARN, EIICHI NAKAYAMA, TADAATSU AKAGI, KAZUNORI NISHIZAKI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Selective involvement of CD80 and/or CD86 in the differentiation of T-helper (Th)1 and Th2 was seen in several diseases. In this study, we sought to determine the differential roles of CD80 and CD86 in the induction and effector phase of allergic rhinitis using Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen (SEA) as a specific Ag. Intranasal sensitization with SEA in BALB/c mice elicited a strong Th2 response including SEA-specific IgE production, nasal eosinophilia, and IL-4 and IL-5 production by nasal lymphocytes after Ag challenge. Blockade of CD80 at the induction phase significantly inhibited these manifestations, whereas no effect was observed by CD86 blockade. In contrast, the simultaneous blockade of both CD80 and CD86 during the effector phase partially inhibited IgE and IgG(1) production and nasal eosinophilia, although either blockade of CD80 or CD86 during the phase failed to inhibit these responses. Flow cytometric analysis on nasal mononuclear cells showed that CD80 but not CD86 was preferentially expressed on non-B cells by in vitro SEA stimulation in unsensitized mice. However, both CD80 and CD86 expression were significantly augmented by in vitro SEA stimulation in sensitized mice. Our results suggest the differential roles and expression of CD80 and CD86 in the development of allergic rhinitis.
Electrical measurement of the hydration state of the skin surface<i>in vivo</i>
Authors: H. Tagami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Healthy skin surface is smooth and soft, because it is covered by the properly hydrated stratum corneum (SC), an extremely thin and soft barrier membrane produced by the underlying normal epidermis. By contrast, the skin surfaces covering pathological lesions exhibit dry and scaly changes and the SC shows poor barrier function. The SC barrier function has been assessed in vivo by instrumentally measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL). However, there was a lack of any appropriate method for evaluating the hydration state of the skin surface in vivo until 1980 when we reported the feasibility of employing high‐frequency conductance or capacitance to evaluate it quickly and accurately. With such measurements, we can assess easily the moisturizing efficacy of various topical agents in vivo as well as the distribution pattern of water in the SC by combining it with a serial tape‐stripping procedure of the skin surface.
<i>NPM</i>Mutations in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Silvia Grisendi, Pier Paolo Pandolfi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein to which both tumor-suppressor and oncogenic functions have been attributed. Chromosomal translocations involving the NPM1 gene occur not infrequently in myeloid and lymphoid cancers. The NPM1 gene rearranges with the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia and with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in a high percentage of anaplastic large-cell lymphomas. Rearrangements with the myeloid leukemia factor 1 (MLF1) gene occur in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia, and myelodysplasia.13 As a consequence of these translocations, the rearranged NPM1 allele encodes . . .
Controlled study of autoimmunization against liver in inbred rat strains
Authors: B. P. Maclaurin
Journal: Gut (1971)

By prolonged immunization of an inbred rat strain with isologous liver homogenate in Freund9s complete adjuvant a low grade autoimmune `cholangitis9 with periductular fibrosis has been demonstrated. The lesion could be transferred to isogeneic animals by serial spleen cell injections and was associated with mild but variable delayed skin sensitivity to a supernatant fraction of the liver homogenate. It is thought to be due to a combined cellular and antibody-mediated immune response, directed against bile duct constituents. Pulmonary (peribronchial) lesions have also been described in the same animals and are considered to be of similar origin and to represent a cross reaction with tissue of similar embryological (entodermal) origin. This appears to be the first description of periductular hepatic fibrosis clearly resulting from an autoimmune reaction and may provide a model for further study of rather similar histological reactions known to occur in man.
Distribution of lymphatic vessels in normal and arthritic human synovial tissues
Authors: H Xu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

To investigate the distribution of lymphatic vessels in normal, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovium.Synovial tissues from 5 normal controls, 14 patients with RA, and 16 patients with OA were studied. Lymphatic vessels were identified by immunohistochemistry using antibodies directed against the lymphatic endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE-1) and recognised blood vessel endothelial markers (factor VIII, CD34, CD31).Lymphatic vessels were found in all zones of the normal, OA, and RA synovial membrane. Few lymphatic vessels were seen in the sublining zone in normal and OA synovium which did not show villous hypertrophy. However, in both RA synovium and OA synovium showing villous hypertrophy and a chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate, numerous lymphatic vessels were seen in all zones of the synovial membrane, including the sublining zone of the superficial subintima.Lymphatic vessels are present in normal and arthritic synovial tissues and are more numerous and prominent where there is oedema and an increase in inflammatory cells in the subintima, particularly in RA. This may reflect increased transport of hyaluronan and leucocyte trafficking in inflamed synovial tissues.
Bronchoconstriction induced by nebulised ipratropium bromide: relation to the bromide ion.
Authors: P Rafferty, R Beasley, P H Howarth, J S Mann, S T Holgate
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Our results show that, despite previous attention to this problem,4 many patients known to be at risk of endocarditis are ignorant of currently recommended prophylaxis.
Political correctness is behind proposed appraisal system
Authors: D. Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—The Royal College of Physicians may be suffering from a bomut of political correctness, or it could be more serious, indicating early signs of a complete loss of touch with reality.1Apparently, the London “branch” of the Royal College of Physicians feels the need to introduce annual appraisals for all consultant physicians. These will be undertaken …
Detection of myocardial scar tissue by M-mode echocardiography.
Authors: S Rasmussen, B C Corya, H Feigenbaum, S B Knoebel
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Wall thicknesses were measured and echo densities were evaluated from the left ventricular echograms of 182 patients. The echogram was considered to reflect scar tissue when 1) either the interventricular septum, the posterior left ventricular wall or the anterior left ventricular wall was less than 7 mm thick in mid-diastole and was more echo-producing than its opposing wall or another area of the same wall in a sector scan, or 2) an area of myocardium was 30% less thick than an adjacent area within a sector scan. Myocardial scarring was diagnosed by echocardiography in 52 of the 182 patients. The echocardiographic presence or absence of scarring was confirmed in 95% (173 of 182) of cases, 34 cases by microscopic examination and 139 by surgical appearance. This study shows that M-mode echocardiography is both a sensitive and specfic method for detecting myocardial scar tissue.
The hematopoietic stem cell compartment of JAK2V617F-positive myeloproliferative disorders is a reflection of disease heterogeneity
Authors: Chloe James, Frederic Mazurier, Sabrina Dupont, Ronan Chaligne, Isabelle Lamrissi-Garcia, Micheline Tulliez, Eric Lippert, François-Xavier Mahon, Jean-Max Pasquet, Gabriel Etienne, François Delhommeau, Stephane Giraudier, William Vainchenker, Hubert de Verneuil
Journal: Blood (2008)
Tc-99m HMPAO Labeled Leukocyte Uptake by an Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp of the lleum
Authors: MONSTERRAT FIGA, DOROTEO ACERO, FERRAN GONZ??LEZ-HUIX, LLUIS BERNA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 62-year-old woman was studied due to recurrent bouts of abdominal pain, loose stools, and Iron-deficiency anemia. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease was suspected and a Tc-99m HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scan showed a focal accumulation of the radionuclide under the right hepatic lobe. CT and barium intestinal series suggested ileal intussusception. An Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the ileum was surgically removed. The uptake of radionuclide-tagged leukocytes by an inflammatory fibroid polyp could be explained on the basis of the inflammatory nature of this benign tumor. Inflammatory fibroid polyp may be considered among the abdominal masses showing focal accumulation of radionuclides with leukocyte-tagged scans.
Researchers Express Heartfelt Wishes for Success of Molecular Biology Techniques in Cardiac Care
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

MILKING SHEEP to obtain the material for lifesaving drugs may come to seem no stranger than keeping flocks to provide the basis for Roquefort cheese, if experimental molecular biology procedures already under way are adopted someday. At the 63rd Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association, held in Dallas, Tex, investigators discussed the use of recombinant DNA technology to combat cardiac (and other) disorders more directly than was ever possible before. "At the present time," says Robert Roberts, MD, chief of cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex, "the Food and Drug Administration has approved only about 10 drugs that are made by recombinant DNA. The agency estimates that, by the year 2000, more than 50% of all approved drugs will be made by this method." (A spokesman for the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association estimates that there are currently approximately 3500 approved "chemical entities [drugs]." He said 104 recombinant drugs await
PARP-1 regulates expression of TGF-β receptors in T cells
Authors: Pin Zhang, Hiroko Nakatsukasa, Eric Tu, Shimpei Kasagi, Kairong Cui, Masaki Ishikawa, Joanne E. Konkel, Takashi Maruyama, Gang Wei, Brittany Abbatiello, Zhao-Qi Wang, Keji Zhao, WanJun Chen
Journal: Blood (2013)
Ten Days in July
Authors: JOHN STONE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Ad Libitum1 September 1979Ten Days in JulyJOHN STONE, M.D.JOHN STONE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-3-489 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt began as innocently as any birth can: moan of the mother, wail of the baby, and the father with nothing to do but wait. The child, a girl, seemed normal enough, crying enough certainly, eating well enough to be taken home to the new non-specific yellow nursery. Things went well, in fact, for the first several days. Then, suddenly, cough and fever, no appetite. The doctor, bless him, in the far-out stretches of the city, saw the child when it was too late for penicillin.I have thought what it must be like to lie on your back and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1979Volume 91, Issue 3Page: 489-489KeywordsBirthEatingFeversPenicillin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fatal intra-alveolar pulmonary bleeding complicating pulmonary embolectomy
Authors: A. R. Makey, B. P. Bliss, H. Ikram, M. M. L. Sutcliffe, E. R. J. Emery
Journal: Thorax (1971)

Abstract Two patients are reported in whom fatal alveolar pulmonary haemorrhage occurred after pulmonary embolectomy. Possible causes and methods of prevention are discussed.
IL-10–producing T cells suppress immune responses in anergic tuberculosis patients
Authors: Vassiliki A. Boussiotis, Eunice Y. Tsai, Edmond J. Yunis, Sok Thim, Julio C. Delgado, Christopher C. Dascher, Alla Berezovskaya, Dominique Rousset, Jean-Marc Reynes, Anne E. Goldfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

The lethality of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains the highest among infectious organisms and is linked to inadequate immune response of the host. Containment and cure of tuberculosis requires an effective cell-mediated immune response, and the absence, during active tuberculosis infection, of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to mycobacterial antigens, defined as anergy, is associated with poor clinical outcome. To investigate the biochemical events associated with this anergy, we screened 206 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and identified anergic patients by their lack of dermal reactivity to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD). In vitro stimulation of T cells with PPD induced production of IL-10, IFN-γ, and proliferation in PPD+ patients, whereas cells from anergic patients produced IL-10 but not IFN-γ and failed to proliferate in response to this treatment. Moreover, in anergic patients IL-10–producing T cells were constitutively present, and T-cell receptor–mediated (TCR-mediated) stimulation resulted in defective phosphorylation of TCRζ and defective activation of ZAP-70 and MAPK. These results show that T-cell anergy can be induced by antigen in vivo in the intact human host and provide new insights into mechanisms by which M. tuberculosis escapes immune surveillance.
Caring for Older People: Ethnic elders
Authors: S. Ebrahim
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The numbers of elderly people from ethnic groups within Britain is rising rapidly as postwar immigrants age. Ethnic elders face problems owing to age-associated increased risks of common chronic diseases, racial discrimination, and poor access to many health services and social services. This disadvantage will be alleviated through increased understanding of health beliefs held by ethnic elders and ensuring better access to services through mechanisms such as employment of more staff from ethnic minority groups in senior positions, better training of staff, and more appropriate and sensitive environments. The myths that family care is sufficient, that no use of services implies no need, and that assimilation into the majority population will occur must be discounted.
Treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis.
Authors: M T Watts, M E Nelson, I G Rennie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Cyclosporin in Wegener's granulomatosis with renal failure Sir: In 1987 we presented in this journal the case history of a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis, in whom remission of the disease was achieved with cyclosporin.'Now,