tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Twenty Years' Experience with the Surgery of Hypertension
Authors: Edgar A. Kahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN November, 1933, Max M. Peet1 performed his first splanchnic section for hypertension. The patient was an extremely sick twenty-nine-year-old man, whose blood pressure did not drop below 260 systolic, 150 diastolic, even on bed rest. He was almost blind from hemorrhages and exudates and showed papilledema of 4 diopters. After the operation, however, the blood pressure fell to normal, and he was able to work for ten years, his vision being good enough to enable him to use a micrometer screw.When I first operated on a patient for hypertension a few months later, a thrombosis of the conus . . .
α4β1 integrin and 190-kDa CD44v constitute a cell surface docking complex for gelatinase B/MMP-9 in chronic leukemic but not in normal B cells
Authors: Javier Redondo-Muñoz, Estefanía Ugarte-Berzal, José A. García-Marco, Mercedes Hernández del Cerro, Philippe E. Van den Steen, Ghislain Opdenakker, María José Terol, Angeles García-Pardo
Journal: Blood (2008)
THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF TUBERCLE BACILLI IN SPUTUM.
Authors: LAWRASON BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The sputum of each patient at the Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium is carefully examined every six weeks. In this paper the results of these observations carried out at the sanitarium during the last two years have been made use of to determine the possible prognostic value of quantitative and qualitative changes in the tubercle bacilli occurring in the sputum of phthisis. Before giving the results of the observations it might be well to recall briefly a few facts which, though thoroughly familiar, are of sufficient importance to review at this time. Pulmonary tuberculosis has no characteristic form of sputum. It may vary in quantity from almost nothing to even 1,000 c.c. in twenty-four hours. The absence of sputum is no better sign of the absence of pulmonary tuberculosis than is the absence of cough. An abundant, mucoid, more or less frothy sputum, which often contains no tubercle bacilli, at times marks
EXCESSIVE REACTION FOLLOWING THE USE OF TINCTURE OF IODINE
Authors: W. J. Rutherfurd
Journal: BMJ (1915)

LACUIYAL CUOINC1EETONE. [MAY I5, 19I5 been rigorously excluded as peccanit causes of tlle neuralgias.Fromii othier associate(d symptoms of hypo- tlyroidism I recelitly determiiined to place thle patient on tlhyroid medi6ation, yielding withlinl the shiort period un- expectedlly gratifying results.REFE;REINCES.
Reduction of the transient outward potassium current in canine X-linked muscular dystrophy.
Authors: L M Pacioretty, B J Cooper, R F Gilmour
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The xmd dog develops a cardiomyopathy similar to that seen in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. In both the canine and human diseases, ECG abnormalities may precede the development of overt cardiac pathological lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific cellular electrical abnormalities occur in dystrophic ventricular tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS Action potentials were recorded in epicardial tissue strips obtained from normal and xmd dogs. Phase 1 amplitude was increased from 86.8 +/- 2.7 mV in normal dogs to 94.3 +/- 1.8 mV in xmd dogs (mean +/- SEM; P &lt; .05). The 4-aminopyridine-sensitive transient outward potassium current (Ito), as recorded in isolated epicardial myocytes using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, was reduced in xmd dogs compared with age-matched normal dogs. Cell capacitance also was reduced significantly in xmd compared with normal cells, as was the current density (3.6 +/- 0.3 versus 5.4 +/- 0.8 pA/pF, respectively). No differences were observed in the time constants of current decay or in the kinetics of recovery from inactivation between groups. The slope factor (k) of steady-state inactivation was significantly greater in xmd compared with normal cells (7.2 +/- 0.9 versus 5.4 +/- 0.5, respectively), whereas the V1/2 of inactivation did not differ (-38.2 +/- 2.4 versus -36.8 +/- 1.6 mV, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the magnitude of Ito is reduced in dystrophic epicardial myocytes, resulting in an increase in phase 1 amplitude. The reduction of Ito may alter the balance of inward and outward currents in dystrophic myocardium and thereby contribute to the development of cardiac pathology.
DERMATITIS FROM DICHLORAMIN-M (METHYL-DIPHENYLMETHYL-DICHLORAMIN)
Authors: JAMES B. McNAIR
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Methyl-diphenylmethyldichloramin is a new compound recently synthesized by Neff in some work he is doing in the study of a molecular rearrangement under the direction of Julius Stieglitz. To avoid the cumbersome chemical name of the compound we will call it dichloramin-M. This substance is of interest not only because of its skin-irritating properties, but also on account of its relation to Dakin's dichloramin-T. In naming dichloramin-M, we have followed Dakin's analogy; M for methyl, T for toluene. 1       Dichloramin-M is a white crystalline substance; insoluble in water; soluble in ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, carbontetrachlorid and benzene; difficultly soluble in absolute alcohol, 95 per cent., and ligroin. The chlorin atoms are both electropositive, as in hypochlorites, and the compound may therefore be considered as a substituted amid of hypochlorous acid. When hydrogen is substituted for chlorin, in chloramin-M, the original amin, methyl-diphenyl methylamin, is formed. The amin is slightly
Variations in human urinary O-hydroxylysyl glycoside levels and their relationship to collagen metabolism
Authors: Jere P. Segrest, Leon W. Cunningham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Two O-hydroxylysyl glycosides, Hyl-Gal-Glc and Hyl-Gal, have been isolated from normal human urine and shown to be identical to two glycosides isolated from alkaline hydrolysates of collagen. A relatively sample and reproducible analytical procedure has been devised to measure the levels of these glycosides in human urine. By the use of this procedure it was shown that a normal diet has only a small effect on 24-hr urinary excretion levels of these glycosides indicating an endogenous origin. Urinary glycoside levels appear to be highest in children, roughly paralleling collagen turnover as indicated by urinary hydroxyproline levels. Collagen turnover equivalents calculated from urinary hydroxylysyl glycoside levels were found to be significantly larger than collagen turnover equivalents calculated from urinary hydroxyproline levels. This suggests that urinary glycosides are more quantitative indicators of collagen metabolism than urinary hydroxyproline. The ratio of Hyl-Gal-Glc to Hyl-Gal was measured in urines of diseased as well as normal individuals and a bimodal distribution was found. Alkaline hydrolysates of different human connective tissue collagens showed that only bone collagen, of the collagens examined, had a low ratio of Hyl-Gal-Glc to Hyl-Gal compared to human urine. Other collagens examined had higher ratios than found in human urine. On the basis of these results it is postulated that the bimodal distribution of glycoside ratios represents two populations of collagen turnover, the lower ratio population having a high bone collagen turnover, the lower ratio population having a high bone collagen turnover relative to the second population. Examination of the types of subjects making up the two populations supports this hypothesis. These data suggest that urinary O-hydroxylysyl glycoside excretion, in addition to providing a more quantitative estimate of collagen turnover than urinary hydroxyproline, may prove to be of value as a specific means of studying the metabolism of bone collagen.
Challenging the Strategy of Maternal Age–Based Prenatal Genetic Counseling
Authors: Richard L. Berkowitz, Jaclyn Roberts, Howard Minkoff
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mental Illness and New Gun Law Reforms
Authors: Jeffrey Swanson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Respiratory Center Activity on the Heart
Authors: Matthew N. Levy, Hilaire DeGeest, Harrison Zieske, Donald Levy
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Rhythmic fluctuations in heart rate and ventricular contractility at the frequency of the respiratory movements were observed in innervated, isovolumetric, canine, left ventricle preparations. The heart rate and contractility waves probably represent the radiation of activity from the respiratory centers to the cardiac autonomic centers within the central nervous system. In spontaneously beating hearts, the respiratory cardiac arrhythmia is mediated via the vagi predominantly, although a slight arrhythmia is still evident after bilateral vagotomy. The greater the vagal tone, the greater is the amplitude of the arrhythmia. In paced hearts, the contractility waves exhibit significantly greater phase lags than do the heart rate waves in unpaced beats. The magnitude of the contractility waves varies inversely with the respiratory frequency. These waves are more prominent after bilateral vagotomy. Therefore, sympathetic influences appear to predominate in the mediation of the contractility waves, although the change in wave amplitude after vagotomy must be ascribed partly to the deceleration of respiratory frequency which occurs after vagotomy. The contractility waves represent rhythmic augmentations of contractility above a base line level after vagal section.
Production of systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in dogs.
Authors: S Sakurai, H Tanaka, H Yoshimura, S Nakao, M Tahara
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Production of an experimental preparation of systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve was attempted for the purpose of clarifying its causal factors. Fourteen thoracotomized dogs under pentobarbital anesthesia were administered dobutamine, and the echocardiogram, left ventricular pressure, and aortic pressure of each were simultaneously recorded. In two of the dogs in which SAM was produced, two-dimensional echocardiograms were also obtained. Although SAM was absent in all 14 dogs before the administration of dobutamine, it appeared in nine of them after the drug was given. In seven of these dogs, the magnitude of SAM and outflow pressure gradient varied in a dose-dependent manner. No signs of asymmetric septal hypertrophy were observed in any of these dogs. SAM tended to occur even when there was no reduction in preejection period when narrowing of the left ventricular outflow tract was observed. On the two-dimensional echocardiograms, the position of coaptation of the mitral valve was shifted closer to the base of the anterior leaflet in the presence of dobutamine-induced SAM than before the drug was administered. Although the left ventricular cavity became narrow, it was not completely obliterated. This study demonstrates that experimental preparations of SAM can be produced by the administration of dobutamine with a relatively high success rate in normal dogs, and that experimental SAM is accompanied by an outflow tract pressure gradient.
Uncosted, unrealistic strategy
Authors: E. Murphy
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Background:</b> Increasing evidence for cardiovascular mortality among patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has accumulated, together with evidence for increased frequency of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. <b>Objectives:</b> To describe cardiovascular morbidity in PsA, determine its prevalence, and identify risk factors for its development. <b>Methods:</b> At the University of Toronto, patients have been followed prospectively according to a standard protocol including disease related features as well as co-morbidities. Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) including myocardial infarction (MI), angina, hypertension (HTN), and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) were identified. The prevalences of CVD morbidities in these patients were compared to data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) through Standardized Prevalence Ratios (SPRs). Risk factor analyses are undertaken through use of Cox relative risk regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> At the time of analysis, 648 patients were registered in the database. After clinic entry, 122 developed hypertension, 38 had an MI, and 5, 21 and 11 had CVA, angina and congestive heart failure (CHF) respectively. A total of 155 patients had at least one of these conditions observed. The SPRs for MI [2.57; 95% CI: (1.73, 3.80)], angina [1.97; : (1.24, 3.12)] and hypertension [1.90; (1.59, 2.27)], were statistically significant, whereas the SPRs for CHF [1.19; : (0.50, 2.86)] and CVA [0.91;: (0.34, 2.43)] were not. Factors associated with CVD included diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high PASI scores. <b>Conclusion:</b> Patients with PsA are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidities compared to the general population. In addition to known risk factor for CVD, severe psoriasis is an important predictor in patients with PsA.
Binding of 8-methoxypsoralen to human serum proteins and red blood cells
Authors: M. PIBOUIN, R. ZINI, P. NGUYEN, A. RENOUARD, J.P. TILLEMENT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Serum binding of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) was studied by equilibrium dialysis. In therapeutic concentrations, 8-MOP binding in serum was high, 91·4%, and constant, indicating concentration-independent kinetics. This binding involved the two main proteins, human serum albumin and α-acid glycoprotein, in a saturable process with one class of binding sites (n) and affinity constants (Ka) of 1·295 × 104 mol/1 and 2·115 × 104 mol/1, respectively. Binding to lipoproteins and · globulins was negligible and non-saturable in therapeutic concentrations, with nKa values of 0·35,0·024,0·013 and 0·0004/μmol/1s for VLDL, LDL, HDL and γ globulins, respectively. Inhibition of 8-MOP serum binding was observed with salicylic acid and indomethacin, but not with diazepam, warfarin or erythromycin. Over a range of therapeutic concentrations, the ratio of 8-MOP concentration in red blood cells (RBCs) and in serum was constant at 20·3% and three times higher than would be expected if a simple diffusion of the 8-MOP plasma free fraction (fu) occurred. According to the measured and calculated parameters, simulations of 8-MOP blood binding in pathological states (hypoalbuminaemia with or without inflammation) showed variations of fu which were partially ‘buffered’ by RBCs. Simulation of 8-MOP protein binding at cutaneous interstitial fluid level showed that fu is approximately 30% and permitted prediction of a decrease of fu available to the epidermis in case of local or systemic inflammation. This may imply an increase in the minimum phototoxic dose relevant for PUVA and explain some cases of ‘poor’ responsiveness of psoriatic patients to PUVA therapy.
Myonuclear apoptosis in dystrophic mdx muscle occurs by perforin-mediated cytotoxicity.
Authors: M J Spencer, C M Walsh, K A Dorshkind, E M Rodriguez, J G Tidball
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Myonuclear apoptosis is an early event in the pathology of dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in the mdx mouse. However, events that initiate apoptosis in muscular dystrophy are unknown, and whether elimination of apoptosis can ameliorate subsequent muscle wasting remains a major question. We have tested the hypothesis that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes initiate myonuclear apoptosis in dystrophic muscle, and examined whether perforin-mediated cytotoxicity plays a role in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy. Mdx mice showed muscle invasion by cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells at the onset of histologically detectable muscle fiber pathology. At this time, perforin-expressing cells were also present at elevated concentration. Mdx mice depleted of CD8(+) cells showed a significant reduction of apoptotic myonuclei concentration and a reduction in necrosis, judged by macrophage invasion of muscle fibers. Double-mutant mice, deficient in dystrophin and perforin, showed nearly complete absence of myonuclear apoptosis, and a significant reduction in the concentration of macrophages in the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers. However, muscle fiber invasion by macrophages was not reduced significantly in double mutant mice. Thus, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes contribute significantly to apoptosis and necrosis in mdx dystrophy, and perforin-mediated killing is primarily responsible for myonuclear apoptosis.
High rates of HBsAg seroconversion in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients responding to interferon: A long-term follow-up study
Authors: Rami Moucari, Anneke Korevaar, Olivier Lada, Michelle Martinot-Peignoux, Nathalie Boyer, Vincent Mackiewicz, Agnes Dauvergne, Ana C. Cardoso, Tarik Asselah, Marie-Hélène Nicolas-Chanoine, Michel Vidaud, Dominique Valla, Pierre Bedossa, Patrick Marcellin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Inferring Admixture Proportions from Molecular Data: Extension to Any Number of Parental Populations
Authors: Isabelle Dupanloup, Giorgio Bertorelle
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

The relative contribution of two parental populations to a hybrid group (the admixture proportions) can be estimated using not only the frequencies of different alleles, but also the degree of molecular divergence between them. In this paper, we extend this possibility to the case of any number of parental populations. The newly derived multiparental estimator is tested by Monte Carlo simulations and by generating artificial hybrid groups by pooling mtDNA samples from human populations. The general properties (including the variance) of the two-parental estimator seem to be retained by the multiparental estimator. When mixed human populations are considered and hypervariable single-locus data are analyzed (mtDNA control region), errors in the estimated contributions appear reasonably low only when highly differentiated parental populations are involved. Finally, the method applied to the hybrid Canary Island population points to a much lower female contribution from Spain than has previously been estimated.
Diabetes Mellitus and the Moyamoya Syndrome
Authors: Regina S. Bower, Grant W. Mallory, Macaulay Nwojo, Fredric B. Meyer, Yogish C. Kudva
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters4 September 2012Diabetes Mellitus and the Moyamoya SyndromeRegina S. Bower, MD, Grant W. Mallory, MD, Macaulay Nwojo, BS, Fredric B. Meyer, MD, and Yogish C. Kudva, MDRegina S. Bower, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902., Grant W. Mallory, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902., Macaulay Nwojo, BSFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902., Fredric B. Meyer, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902., and Yogish C. Kudva, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: The Moyamoya syndrome is a rare disease that primarily affects children but can also be found in adults. It involves progressive stenosis of the arteries in the anterior circulation of the brain that can lead to transient ischemic attacks and hemorrhagic stroke (1), with symptoms of headache, confusion, dizziness, ataxia, seizure, and cognitive and personality changes (2). Because these symptoms also occur in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (3), patients with both diseases might receive that diagnosis instead of the less common diagnosis of Moyamoya syndrome, which could delay recognition and treatment.Objective: To measure the clinical characteristics ...References1. Suzuki J, Kodama N. Moyamoya disease—a review. Stroke. 1983;14:104-9. [PMID: 6823678] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Scott RM, Smith ER. Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1226-37. [PMID: 19297575] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Haller MJ, Atkinson MA, Schatz D. Type 1 diabetes mellitus: etiology, presentation, and management. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2005;52:1553-78. [PMID: 16301083] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse. National Diabetes Statistics, 2011. NIH Publication no. 11-3892. Accessed at http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/index.aspx on 9 April 2012. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAssociation of HLA-DQA2 and HLA-B With Moyamoya Disease in the Chinese Han PopulationMoyamoya syndrome causing stroke in young women with type 1 diabetesSurgical Outcomes and Predictors of Stroke in a North American White and African American Moyamoya PopulationAblation of Rnf213 retards progression of diabetes in the Akita mouse 4 September 2012Volume 157, Issue 5Page: 387-388KeywordsHeadachesHemorrhagic strokeHyperthyroidismHypoglycemiaHypothyroidismRheumatoid arthritisSigns and symptomsStenosisTransient ischemic attacksType 1 diabetes ePublished: 4 September 2012 Issue Published: 4 September 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nonspecific Effects of Vaccines
Authors: David Goldblatt, Elizabeth Miller
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Vaccination is one of the great public health achievements of the last 100 years.1 The development of vaccination has led to the eradication of smallpox, the reduction of the worldwide incidence of polio by 99%, and the control of measles, with a 74% decline in global measles deaths since 2000.2