tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE RESPIRATORY CHANGES OF PRESSURE AT THE VARIOUS LEVELS OF THE POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM
Authors: S. J. Meltzer, John Auer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1910)

The changes of the respiratory pressure within the esophagus, as well as within the posterior mediastinum, differ greatly in their various levels. They are best in the section between the heart and the diaphragm; they are moderate from the upper aperture of the thorax to above the tracheal bifurcation, and they are. very much reduced in the region of the bifurcation and the heart. In the latter case the normal respiratory changes are reduced in their transmission to the mediastinum by the intervention of the inelastic tissues of the bifurcation and the heart. The difference in the changes of the respiratory pressure between the low;er and the upper part of the mediastinum is due to a difference in the respiratory changes of pressure between the lower and upper parts of the lungs. The changes in the respiratory pressure which begin in the lower part of the lungs lose some of their force on their way to the apices of. the lungs. In artificial respiration by intratracheal insufflation there is no difference in the respiratory pressures between the upper and the lower parts of the lungs. This investigation supports the view, frequently entertained by clinicians, that the respiratory changes in the apices of the lungs are not as good as those of the rest of the lungs, and it disproves the claim of some physiologists that a decrease or increase of pressure at any part of the lungs must be equally distributed through all parts of the lungs, a claim based upon merely a priori physical considerations.
Delivering Clinical Evidence Where It's Needed
Authors: Frank Davidoff
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MACROPHAGE-MELANOMA CELL HETEROKARYONS
Authors: Saimon Gordon, Zanvil Cohn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Dormant macrophage nuclei initiate DNA synthesis 2-3 hr after fusion of macrophages with exponentially growing melanoma cells. Cycloheximide treatment (1-5 microg/ml) of heterokaryons during the preceding lag period inhibits the initiation of macrophage DNA synthesis, in a reversible fashion. Each type of cell was also treated with streptovitacin A, an irreversible inhibitor of protein synthesis. Pretreatment of the melanoma cells (0.5-2 microg/ml), 1 hr before fusion, inhibited the induction of macrophage DNA synthesis in heterokaryons, whereas pretreatment of macrophages (1-20 microg/ml) had no effect. Melanoma cell pretreatment reduced the incorporation of leucine-(3)H into the cytoplasm and nuclei of heterokaryons, whereas macrophage pretreatment had no effect. These experiments suggested that melanoma proteins played an important role in the initiation of macrophage DNA synthesis. The relationship between the melanoma cell cycle and macrophage DNA synthesis was studied with synchronous melanoma cells. If the melanoma cells were in S phase at the time of fusion, macrophage DNA synthesis occurred 2 hr later. However, the fusion of melanoma cells in G(1) delayed macrophage DNA synthesis until the melanoma nuclei had entered S. Experiments with actinomycin and cycloheximide showed that RNA and protein, essential to achieve DNA synthesis in the macrophage nucleus, were made during late G(1) as well as S. Melanoma cells and macrophages differ in their radiolabeled acid-soluble products after incubation in thymidine-(3)H. Thymidine taken up by the macrophage remained unphosphorylated, whereas it was recovered mainly as thymidine triphosphate from melanoma cells. These findings, as well as those reported previously, suggest that the melanoma cell provides the RNA, protein, and precursors which initiate macrophage DNA synthesis. In the absence of a requirement for new macrophage RNA and protein synthesis, other changes must be responsible for the 2 hr delay in DNA synthesis. These may involve physical changes in DNA, associated with swelling, as well as the transport of melanoma products into the macrophage nucleus.
Community surveillance of complications after hernia surgery.
Authors: I. S. Bailey, S. E. Karran, K. Toyn, P. Brough, C. Ranaboldo, S. J. Karran
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the effect of a programme of postoperative community surveillance on the rate of detection of wound complications after operation for inguinal hernia. DESIGN--Prospective audit of wound complications including complications recorded in case notes and those discovered by community surveillance. SETTING--Academic surgical unit of three consultant surgeons. PATIENTS--510 patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair between June 1985 and August 1989. RESULTS--The wound infection rate recorded in the hospital notes was 3% compared with 9% when additional information was obtained from community surveillance. Wound complications were detected in 143 (28%) patients by community surveillance compared with a complication rate of 7% in the case records for the same patients. CONCLUSIONS--Wound complications are common after clean surgery in patients discharged home early. Complication rates are a reflection not only of the standards of surgical practice but also the rigour with which they are sought. Before national comparative audit data are published the method of collection must be standardised. For short stay surgery this should include meaningful community surveillance.
Pancreatitis and Calcium Metabolism
Authors: ENGRACIO P. CORTES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Commments1 June 1971Pancreatitis and Calcium MetabolismENGRACIO P. CORTES, M.D.ENGRACIO P. CORTES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-6-1014_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: It is commonly known that pancreatitis is frequently associated with either hyperparathyroidism or disturbed calcium metabolism. Whether pancreatitis gives rise to either one, or vice versa, is not entirely clear. In the review of chronic pancreatitis by Strum and Spiro in the February issue (Ann Intern Med74: 264-277, 1971), they cited the old well-known concept that "acute or chronic pancreatitis may depress the serum calcium by precipitation of calcium with fatty acids released by enzymatic hydrolysis of fats, thus lowering high values to deceptively normal." No evidence was ever shown whether such precipitation is extensive enough...References1. HOLLAND J, DANIELSON E, and SAHAGIAN-EDWARDS A: Use of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid in hypercalcemic patients. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 84:359-364, 1953 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. PALOYAN E, PALOYAN D, and HARPER P: The role of glucagon hypersecretion in the relationship of pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism. Surgery 62:167-173, 1967 Google Scholar3. PALOYAN E, LAWRENCE A, and STRAUS F: Alpha cell hyperplasia in calcific pancreatitis associated with hyperparathyroidism. JAMA 200:757-761, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. AVIOLI L, BIRGE S, and SCOTT S: Role of the thyroid gland during glucagon induced hypocalcemia in the dog. Amer J Physiol 216:939-945, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. STERN P and BELL N: Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture. Endocrinology 87:111-117, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ENGRACIO P. CORTES, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Medicine A New York State Department of Health Buffalo, N.Y. 14203 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe aetiology of hypocalcaemia in acute pancreatitisSerum ionized calcium in acute pancreatitisIonized calcium in acute pancreatitis and its relationships with total calcium and serum lipaseThe role of calcitonin in hypocalcemia in acute experimental pancreatitisInadequate Parathyroid Response in Acute PancreatitisHypocalcaemia of acute pancreatitis: the effect of hypoalbuminaemiaAcute PancreatitisA CHINK OF LIGHT 1 June 1971Volume 74, Issue 6Page: 1014-1014KeywordsCalciumChronic pancreatitisFatsFatty acidsHyperparathyroidismPancreatitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Primary Carcinoma Simulating Empyema of the Gall-bladder
Authors: A. J. M. Reese
Journal: BMJ (1953)

JSHRNALlowing amounts of strychnine hydrochloride were calculated to be in each organ: liver, 125 mg.; kidneys, 30 mg; bowel, 4,608 mg.; stomach and contents, 653 mg.; blood, 4 mg.per 100 ml.; urine, trace.If we assume a circulation volume of 5 litres the total amount of strychnine in this would be 200 mg.There is, therefore, a total recovery of about 5.6 g. (84 gr.) of strych- nine from the main viscera.It was estimated that the deceased had consumed 12 fl.oz. (340ml.) of solution of strychnine hydrochloride (containing about 53 gr. (3.4 g.) of strychnine hydrochloride), but the amount of crystalline strychnine hydrochloride taken was not known.
The contribution of long-term memory and the role of frontal-lobe systems in on-line processing
Authors: Jennifer D. Ryan, Neal J. Cohen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Ruchkin et al. ascribe a pivotal role to long-term memory representations and binding within working memory. Here we focus on the interaction of working memory and long-term memory in supporting on-line representations of experience available to guide on-going processing, and we distinguish the role of frontal-lobe systems from what the hippocampus contributes to relational long-term memory binding.
White, Green, and other Papers
Authors: J. J. Shipman
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Change is not always for the better.Which of us wants a pile of near hospitalsized folders on his desk or in his car?As for the option to use the new size-as soon as patients start to move about the country there will no longer be an option; every doctor will have to use some of the new size.We are being offered a few hours of super-efficient note-finding in the distant future for several chaotic years of mixed sizes and unequal filing systems now.No doubt the planners, after their efforts, wish to achieve something.Let them remember: Printnim non nocere.-Iam, etc.,
Pre- and postsynaptic changes mediated by two second messengers contribute to expression of aplysia long-term heterosynaptic inhibition
Authors: Fang Wu, Samuel Schacher
Journal: Neuron (1994)

FMRFamide evokes long-term inhibition of the sensorimotor connection of Aplysia that includes structural alterations in the presynaptic sensory cell. FMRFamide also evokes a down-regulation of the adhesion molecule apCAM from the surface of the postsynaptic motor cell L7. We examined the second messenger pathways mediating the long-term actions of FMRFamide on both the pre- and postsynaptic cells and determined whether the activation of each pathway is required for the expression of long-term functional and structural plasticity. Inhibition of the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, but not the cyclooxygenase pathway, blocks the long-term changes in the presynaptic sensory cell evoked by FMRFamide. The down-regulation of apCAM in L7 appears to be mediated by cAMP-dependent activation of protein kinase A. Blocking the cAMP-dependent changes also blocks FMRFamide-induced long-term functional and structural changes. These results suggest that the expression of long-term heterosynaptic inhibition in Aplysia may require concomitant presynaptic and postsynaptic changes, each transduced by specific second messenger systems.
A Rare Presentation of Metastatic Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma to the Tongue Seen on FDG PET
Authors: Mathieu Basely, Samantha Bonnel, Philippe Maszelin, Pierre Verdalle, Emmanuel Bussy, Jean-Pierre de Jaureguiberry
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Renal clear cell carcinoma has a great metastatic potential, with possibly uncommon secondary lesions, notably in the head and neck region. The role of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG PET) in the staging or follow-up of urological malignancies is still not clearly defined. We report a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma involving the tongue and a cervical lymph node, 3 years after initial nephrectomy. The use of combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan showed increased F-18 FDG activity in these 2 lesions that were then diagnosed and treated by surgery. Although the diagnostic performance of F-18 FDG PET is limited in the detection of primary disease, this imaging modality can be a very useful tool in the follow-up of renal clear cell carcinoma.
Comparison of the biological potency of a new synthetic preparation of secretin with that of natural porcine secretin in the dog.
Authors: K Gyr, L Kayasseh, W W Rittmann, J Girard, G A Stalder
Journal: Gut (1978)

The biological activity of the new synthetic secretin, Roche, on exocrine pancreatic secretion was determined in conscious dogs with chronic gastric and duodenal fistulae and compared with that of pure porcine secretin (GIH, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm). The two secretin preparations were found to be equipotent as to pancreatic volume and bicarbonate response on a molar basis. It was concluded that the new synthetic secretin is useful for clinical and research purposes.
Accuracy of International Guidelines for Identifying Significant Fibrosis in Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Patients With Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: Faisal M. Sanai, Mohammed A. Babatin, Khalid I. Bzeizi, Fahad AlSohaibani, Waleed Al–Hamoudi, Khaled O. Alsaad, Hadeel Al Mana, Fayaz A. Handoo, Hamad Al–Ashgar, Hamdan AlGhamdi, Abeer Ibrahim, Abdulrahman Aljumah, Abduljaleel Alalwan, Ibrahim H. AlTraif, Hussa Al–Hussaini, Robert P. Myers, Ayman A. Abdo
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Mór Cohen, Better Known as Moriz Kaposi
Authors: Filippo Pesapane, Gianluca Nazzaro, Antonella Coggi, Raffaele Gianotti
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
TCT-458 Five-Year Clinical Outcomes of a Unique Sirolimus-Eluting Stent with Fully Absorbable Polymer Coating: Long-term Results from the DESSOLVE I and the DESSOLVE II Clinical Trials
Authors: John A. Ormiston, Alexandra Lansky, Dennis Donohoe, Charlene Knape, Mathias Vrolix, Stefan Verheye, Danny F. Schoors, William C. Wijns
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Childhood Trauma and Dissociative Symptoms in Panic Disorder
Authors: Randall D. Marshall, Franklin R. Schneier, Shu-Hsing Lin, H. Blair Simpson, Donna Vermes, Michael Liebowitz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Childhood trauma has been associated with increased risk for both panic disorder and dissociative symptoms in adulthood. The authors hypothesized that among individuals with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder, those experiencing depersonalization/derealization during panic attacks would be more likely to have a history of childhood trauma. METHOD: Rates of traumatic events were compared between panic disorder patients with (N=34) and without (N=40) prominent depersonalization/derealization during panic attacks. Symptom severity in the two groups was also examined. RESULTS: Contrary to the authors' hypothesis, no evidence was found that depersonalization/derealization during panic attacks was associated with childhood trauma. Minimal differences in severity of illness were found between patients with dissociative symptoms and those without such symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This finding is consistent with a multifactorial model of dissociation. Factors other than childhood trauma and general psychopathology may underlie vulnerability to dissociative symptoms in panic disorder.
Somatostatin and the dumping syndrome.
Authors: R G Long, T E Adrian, S R Bloom
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Infusion of somatostatin reduced the symptoms of the early dumping syndrome after oral glucose was given and also reduced the associated tachycardia and rise in packed cell volume. It inhibited the secretion of enteroglucagon, neurotensin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, which are raised in patients with the dumping syndrome and may have an aetiological role. It also prevented the reactive hypoglycaemia of late dumping by inhibiting the release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin. Somatostatin, possibly through its inhibitory effects on hormonal secretion, may have a role in the management of patients with the early and late dumping syndrome.
Adverse Events After Outpatient Colonoscopy in the Medicare Population
Authors: Joan L. Warren, Carrie N. Klabunde, Angela B. Mariotto, Angela Meekins, Marie Topor, Martin L. Brown, David F. Ransohoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Background: Although use of colonoscopy has increased substantially among elderly Medicare beneficiaries, no one has described colonoscopy-related adverse events in a representative sample of Medicare patients. Objective: To determine risk for adverse events after outpatient colonoscopy in elderly patients. Design: Population-based, matched cohort study. Setting: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry areas. Patients: Random 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries, age 66 to 95 years, who underwent outpatient colonoscopy between 1 July 2001 and 31 October 2005 (n = 53 220), matched with beneficiaries who did not have colonoscopy. Measurements: Medicare claims were used to measure the rate of serious gastrointestinal events (bleeding and perforation), other gastrointestinal events, and cardiovascular events resulting in a hospitalization or emergency department visit within 30 days after colonoscopy compared with matched beneficiaries who did not have colonoscopy. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted predictive risks for adverse events and to assess whether these events varied by age, comorbid conditions, or type of colonoscopy. Results: Persons undergoing colonoscopy had a higher risk for adverse gastrointestinal events than their matched group. Rates of adverse events after colonoscopy increased with age. Patients having polypectomy had higher risk for all adverse events compared with their matched group and with the screening and diagnostic colonoscopy groups. Comorbid conditions increased the risk for adverse events. Patients with a history of stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation, or congestive heart failure had significantly higher risk for serious gastrointestinal events. Limitation: The analysis relied on the diagnosis and procedure codes recorded on the Medicare claims. Conclusion: Risks for adverse events after outpatient colonoscopy among elderly Medicare beneficiaries were low; however, they increased with age with specific comorbid conditions and depending on whether polypectomy was done. These data may inform decisions on whether to perform colonoscopy in persons of advanced age or those with comorbid conditions. Primary Funding Source: None.