tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ectopic pregnancy by transmigration of sperm after sterilisation with Hulka-Clemens clips.
Authors: G A Clarke, A T Letchworth, M C Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

This case report presents a case of tubal ectopic pregnancy after correctly performed sterilization with Hulka-Clemens clips.  Fertilization occurred after sperm transmigration.  The 32-year-old multigravida was hospitalized with a 4-day history of lower abdominal pain and 37 days of amenorrhea.  8 months earlier she had been sterilized under laparoscopic vision using Hulka-Celmens clips applied through a 2nd incision.  Ruptured ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed and a laparotomy was performed.  A ruptured right tubal ectopic pregnancy was found lateral to the Hulka-Clemens clip on that side.  Both clips appeared to be correctly placed across the isthmic portions of the tubes.  A right partial salpingectomy was performed and the clip on that side was removed.  The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was confirmed histologically and the clip was correctly placed across the tube.  At 1 side of the clip the tube seemed completely obstructed but at the other side the lumen of the tube was patent and opened into the space occupied by the clip.  This is unusual yet it is difficult to imagine how it permitted the tube to remain functionally patent.  A hysterosalpingogram wa performed and showed tubal patency on the left side.  A further laparotomy and an Irving-type sterilization were performed.  The clip was removed from the left side.  The rear end of the upper jaw surrounding the hinge of the clip was defective and broke when the clip was opened after removal of the spring.  Rocket the manufacturers examined the clip and confirmed that the pivot was broken.  Yet they thought that this would not have made the device fail since the pin and the pivot are only mechanical contrivances to apply the clip.  The spring function was within accepted limits.  The clip failed in the approximation of the 2 jaws but whether this was secondary failure due to distortion of the molding after the pivot had been broken could not be determined.  This case shows that the plastic jaws are susceptible to breakage or distortion.
Failure of carbon monoxide to induce myocardial infarction in cholesterol-fed cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: M. R. MALINOW, P. MCLAUGHLIN, D. S. DHINDSA, J. METCALFE, A. J. OCHSNER, J. HILL, W. P. MCNULTY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Twenty-six adult female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were randomly assigned to four groups which were fed on a standard laboratory diet or a semipurified diet containing cholesterol. In two of the groups, the monkeys were exposed intermittently to CO throughout the day for 14 months; the control animals breathed room air. No myocardial infarctions were observed, and the ECG showed a transitory injury current in only one animal. No differences in plasma cholesterol levels or in aortic and coronary atherosclerosis could be attributed to CO exposure.
Intramyocardial delivery of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves myocardial contractility in a chronic ischemic model
Authors: Emerson C. Perin, Yong J. Geng, Andre Luiz S. Sousa, Guilherme V. Silva, Stephanie Coulter, Jing Lin, Judy Ober, Bradley J. Martin, James T. Willerson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The Study of the Platelets of Patients with Arterial Disease.
Authors: John Hampton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969The Study of the Platelets of Patients with Arterial Disease.John Hampton, M.D.John Hampton, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1083_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn increase in the adhesion of platelets to glass occurs in patients with arterial disease but also in a wide variety of other diseases.Platelet electrophoretic mobility is increased by small concentrations of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and noradrenaline and decreased by larger concentrations. The concentration of either agent that induces maximum platelet mobility can be used as an index of the sensitivity of the platelet to that agent, and on this basis three distinct patterns of abnormal platelet electrophoretic response have been identified in patients with conditions known to be associated with increased platelet adhesiveness.1. In any acute illness... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oxford England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1083-1084KeywordsAdenosine diphosphateAttentionNorepinephrinePlatelets Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Adverse local reactions from accidental BCG overdose in infants
Authors: J M Puliyel, A Hughes, M L Chiswick, M Z Mughal
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Uncertainty persists about the frequency of adverse neurological and psychiatric events associated with the antimalarial drugs mefloquine and proguanil plus chloroquine * This study shows that about 40% of travellers taking either mefloquine or chloroquine and proguanil can expect to experience some sort of adverse side effect, although most side effects will be relatively trivial * About 0.7% (1 in 140) travellers taking mefloquine can expect to have a neuropsychiatric adverse event unpleasant enough to temporarily prevent them from carrying out their day to day activities, compared with 0.09% (1 in 1100) taking chloroquine and proguanil * *Mefloquine is appropriate only when the risk is high both of malaria and of
THE CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF THE BONE INJURY IN COMPOUND FRACTURES
Authors: WALTER G. STERN
Journal: JAMA (1924)

If orthopedic surgery is to contribute anything to the present treatment of fractures, it will be in the direction of greater conservatism in the use of open operations, and in the advance of the use of more perfect methods for the external or closed (mechanical) reduction and fixation of fractures. Accurate manipulative reduction, splinting and extension is a fine art which is not to be replaced by the scalpel, bone plate or bone clamp.  Operative intervention in closed fractures is at all times a hazardous and difficult undertaking; volumes have been written, and endless surgical debates are still going on, as to whether it is indicated or justifiable except in unusual cases; but for the purpose of this paper this subject must be left in statu quo.  In compound fractures, three additional factors are introduced of such vital import as absolutely to contraindicate, to my mind, all immediate operative intervention
Fatally Injured Drivers
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In the current issue of Archives of General Psychiatry (30:508-511, 1974), Shaffer and his colleagues cite other reports that indicate variations of opinion about accident-proneness as a factor in serious automobile accidents. At the same time, increasing emphasis has been given to the drinking  as a major factor in causing traffic accidents. Accordingly, the authors conducted a psychological autopsy in all cases of male driver fatalities that occurred in Baltimore County between August 1968 and May 1972. In effect, the authors were seeking to validate the results of an earlier study in which they demonstrated that 25 driver fatality victims exhibited significantly more belligerence, negativism, general psychopathology, and hyperactivity than a normative population of men. 1   The present study, again numbering 25 men, differed from the first in two respects: only drivers of late-model cars (not more than three years old) were included, and there was somewhat less success
Beyond Universal Health Insurance to Effective Health Care
Authors: Eli Ginzberg, Miriam Ostow
Journal: JAMA (1991)

NO ONE, least of all an economist, needs to be persuaded that people who lack money or health insurance are likely to encounter difficulties in obtaining essential health care services. On the other hand, the economist has an obligation to explain that the adoption of a system of universal coverage will not, ipso facto, translate into assured access for essential, much less optimal, health care for those who are currently disadvantaged. The reasons that universal coverage will not necessarily guarantee effective services to all are embedded in the nature and characteristics of the health care system. In developing this argument and its policy implications, we will undertake a threefold analysis, including (1) a selective review of health care financing reforms in the United States, (2) an explication of nonfinancial barriers to effective health care, and (3) a delineation of the range of interim policy interventions required to lower the barriers
Helicobacter pylori infection and mortality from ischaemic heart disease: negative result from a large, prospective study
Authors: N J Wald, M R Law, J K Morris, A M Bagnall
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>—To determine whether there is an independent association between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection of the stomach and ischaemic heart disease. <b>Design</b>—Prospective study with measurement of IgG antibody titres specific to <i>H pylori</i> on stored serum samples from 648 men who died from ischaemic heart disease and 1296 age matched controls who did not (nested case-control design). <b>Subjects</b>—21 520 professional men aged 35–64 who attended the British United Provident Association (BUPA) medical centre in London between 1975 and 1982 for routine medical examination. <b>Main outcome measure</b>—Death from ischaemic heart disease. <b>Results</b>—The odds of death from ischaemic heart disease in men with <i>H pylori</i> infection relative to that in men without infection was 1.06 (95% confidence interval 0.86 to1.31). In a separate group of 206 people attending the centre, plasma fibrinogen was virtually the same in those who were positive for <i>H pylori</i> (2.62 g/l) and those who were negative (2.64 g/l). <b>Conclusions</b>—A study that by its size and design minimised both random error and socioeconomic bias found no relation between <i>H pylori</i> infection and ischaemic heart disease. The validity of the study was shown by its confirmation of the recognised association between <i>H pylori</i> infection and stomach cancer (odds ratio 4.0 (1.9 to 8.2); P&lt;0.001). Eradication of <i>H pylori</i> infection may greatly reduce the incidence of stomach cancer, one of the most common causes of death from cancer worldwide, but it cannot be expected to have any effect in preventing ischaemic heart disease. <h3>Key messages</h3> A cohort study found no association between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and death from ischaemic heart disease The study is much the largest to report on the association, with 648 deaths from ischaemic heart disease in men An important source of confounding which may have led to positive results in previous studies was avoided because all the subjects were of similar socioeconomic status The validity of the study was demonstrated by its ability to show the recognised association between <i>H pylori</i> infection and stomach cancer Men with <i>H pylori</i> infection had no increase in plasma fibrinogen (a proposed mechanism for infection causing heart disease) The study indicates that <i>H pylori</i> infection is not a cause of ischaemic heart disease
THE NEW ELECTRO-MERCURIC TREATMENT OF CANCER.
Authors: G. BETTON MASSEY
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In a limited series of cases in which accessible and supposedly still local carcinomas and sarcomas have been more or less perfectly subjected to this method I have had two well-proven cures and four or five cases now progressing toward the same happy result. Some of these cases date back to 1893, when I accidentally noticed the good effect of a mercurial coating on a zinc anode in contact with a cancerous ulceration, and began the treatment with dosages of 100 and 150 milliamperes with combined mercury and cocain cataphoresis, but my own estimate of the value of the method received an immense impetus during the past spring on the occasion of the first employment under general anesthesia of 500 and 1,000 milliamperes to a carcinoma of the breast. The usual effect of a local necrosis about the zinc-mercury electrodes occurred and the tumor shrank perceptibly at once from a
The gene responsible for familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia maps to chromosome 3q in four unrelated families
Authors: Yah-Huei Wu Chou, Edward M. Brown, Tatyana Levi, Gail Crowe, A. Brew Atkinson, Hans J. Arnqvist, Goran Toss, Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, J. G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
TICK FEVER IN PALESTINE
Authors: F. D. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1919)

SPIROCHAETOSIS conveyed by ticks has been recognized in Africa since 1904 owing to the researches of Ross, Dutton, and others, wlho incriminated thie tick Ornithodoro8 niwubata; similarly, Miana fever in Persia was found by Baifour to be a form of relapsing -fever transmitted by Argecs per8icus.I do not tlhink that the relapsing fever whichl occurs in Pa,estine lhas previously been traced to infeetion by ticks, and tlle following.notesmay therefore have somne interest.
Ultrasonography Before Abortion?-Reply
Authors: George Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  Dr Crittenden suggests the routine use of ultrasonography before every abortion procedure. This approach causes us considerable concern.  Assuming 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, we would expect, on the average, 2,500 ultrasonography procedures would be needed to diagnose one ectopic pregnancy. Based on a minimum charge of $50 for each procedure, the cost to patients would total $125,000 to diagnose one case of ectopic pregnancy, which could be detected with the method outlined in our article. Furthermore, adding $50 to the cost of an abortion could cause some women to delay an abortion procedure while obtaining sufficient funds to pay for the procedure; this delay itself could lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality. 1 Even the scheduling of the ultrasonography before an abortion, especially if the former is performed outside of the abortion facility, could delay the time of the operation.  If we assume the test
Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus Transmission in the United States
Authors: Cladd E. Stevens
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Among infants born to women in whom sera are positive for both the hepatitis B surface antigen and the e antigen, 85% to 90% are infected with hepatitis B virus and become chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. In a study to assess the effectiveness of passive-active prophylaxis (hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine) of such infants, we screened 18,842 pregnant Asian-American women: 8.7% were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and 3.0% were also positive for hepatitis B e antigen. Thus far, 113 infants have received hepatitis B immune globulin (0.5 mL at birth) and hepatitis B vaccine (three 20-micrograms doses beginning at birth or at 1 month) and have been followed up for nine to 18 months. Among these infants, 16 have become chronic carriers, an incidence of only 14.2%. All of the uninfected infants have retained high levels of antibody to surface antigen, suggesting that they have had an active immune response to the vaccine and should have long-term protection against hepatitis B virus.
Abstract 5166: Membrane phospholipid asymmetry mediates the selective packaging of protein factors in cancer microparticles.
Authors: Songwang Hou, Carol Williams, Ming Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objective: Growing evidence indicates that cancer cell-derived microparticles (MPs) play important regulatory roles on cellular and system levels. These activities are attributed to protein factors inside MPs. It has been known that contents in MPs are not a passive representation of the host cell, but a collection of factors packaged in a selective fashion. In the current study, we hypothesize that membrane phospholipid dynamics promotes the selective packaging of protein factors by modulating the electrostatic density inside MPs. Methods: The dynamics of phospholipid species across the membrane bilayer, including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositides (PIs) are characterized using specific molecular probes. We used exogenous probes, Duramycin and bovine lactadherin, to stain the presence of PE and PS, respectively, on the outer surface of MP membrane. Endogenously expressed probes include GFP-tagged C2 domain of lactadherin (LacC2-GFP), and GFP-tagged 2PH-PLCdelta, are used to assess the relative density of PS and PI, respectively, in the inner leaflet of MP membranes. We examined the distribution of small Rho GTPases, including RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1, using GFP-labeled reporters. To further examine the electrostatic interactions, we used RhoA mutants with the polybasic amino acids mutated to Gln. Additionally, we constructed a GFP-PBR to validate the electrostatic-dependent packaging mechanism. Results: PE is externalized to the outer surface of MPs. This is correlated with a greater density of negatively charged phospholipids, particularly PS, in the inner leaflet. The process is independent of apoptosis or the generation of apoptotic bodies. The redistribution of PE to the MP surface is correlated with an elevated presence of small GTPases in a PBR-dependent manner. Mutation of PBR abolished RhoA uptake in MPs. The incorporation of PBR to GFP significantly enhanced GFP localization in MPs. Conclusion: PE externalization to MP surface likely results in a greater density of negatively charged phospholipids, including PS, and to a lesser extent, PIs. An elevated density of anionic phospholipids provides an electrostatic attraction for membrane-associated proteins to MPs. This may provide a general mechanism for the selective sequestration of signal transduction factors in cancer cell-derived MPs. Citation Format: Songwang Hou, Carol Williams, Ming Zhao. Membrane phospholipid asymmetry mediates the selective packaging of protein factors in cancer microparticles. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5166. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5166
Predicting mammalian mutagenesis by submammalian assays: an application of database GEN.
Authors: F E Würgler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

A database containing qualitative information on the genotoxic activity of about 3000 chemicals is described. The initial aim for the construction of the database was to develop an instrument for comparing the performance of different genotoxicity assay systems. One application of the database is the prediction of expected results in any genotoxicity assay for chemicals that were tested in a small number of genotoxicity assays. The Bayesian prediction is calculated based on the sensitivities and specificities between any predictive test and the target test for which the prediction is to be determined. The predictivity of the system for in vivo mammalian assays is at present (with the exception of the micronucleus assay and the in vivo sister chromatid exchanges) limited, in particular because of the limited number of chemicals tested in the expensive in vivo assays and, in addition, due to the lack of sufficient information on negative compounds. A continued updating of the database will possibly help to overcome some of the present difficulties.
Status of the Curability of Childhood Cancers
Authors: Ruth Andrea Seeler
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This monograph represents the published proceedings of a two-day symposium at a foremost pediatric oncology center on the curability of childhood cancer. Pediatric oncology has been the pacesetter in developments in combination and multimodality therapy, resulting in impressive cure rates. The monograph traces this phenomenon over the last decade and predicts that in another decade one of 1,000 persons reaching age 20 years will have survived cancer: an epidemic of cancer survivors! In pediatrics, metastatic disease is no longer uniformly fatal. Questions on the quality of that survival, including physical and psychological aspects and the potential for second malignancy, are addressed throughout the monograph. The first of four principal sections covers the biologic and functional definitions of cure. The second section traces the spectacular success of solid-tumor therapy in terms of integrated chemotherapy, surgical advances, and radiation therapy along with extensive supportive modalities; the third section similarly covers the hematologic
Clinicopathological study of a patient with procainamide-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: Y Levo, A I Pick, I Avidor, M Ben-Bassat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

A patient who developed a multisystem involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 9 years of procainamide therapy, during which time he ingested enormous amounts of the drug, is described. The patient first suffered from recurrent episodes of pleuritis and arthritis, after which he developed a characteristic SLE nephritis associated with a high level of antinative DNA antibodies and a low level of complement. He finally died from a complication of a nonbacterial endocarditis. Autopsy showed polyserositis and typical deposits of electron-dense material on the glomerular basement membrane, and confirmed the clinical diagnosis of Libman-Sacks endocarditis. The possibility that procainamide-induced SLE might have all the clinical, immunological, and pathological features of spontaneous SLE, especially in patients exposed to large doses of the drug for many years, is discussed.
A (heat) shock to the system promotes peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Ahmet Höke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Peripheral nerves are easily damaged, resulting in loss of motor and sensory function. Recovery of motor and sensory function after peripheral nerve injury is suboptimal, even after appropriate surgical repair. This is due to the slow rate of axonal elongation during regeneration and atrophic changes that occur in denervated Schwann cells and target muscle with proximal lesions. One way to solve this problem is to accelerate the rate at which the axons regenerate. In this issue of the JCI, Ma and colleagues show that this can be achieved in mice by overexpression of heat shock protein 27, providing hope for enhanced functional recovery in patients after peripheral nerve damage.