tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Very Low Levels of Microalbuminuria Are Associated With Increased Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Death Independently of Renal Function, Hypertension, and Diabetes
Authors: Klaus Klausen, Knut Borch-Johnsen, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Gorm Jensen, Peter Clausen, Henrik Scharling, Merete Appleyard, Jan Skov Jensen
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— The aim of this study was to assess the level of urinary albumin excretion (microalbuminuria), which is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and death, in the population. Microalbuminuria has been suggested as an atherosclerotic risk factor. However, the lower cutoff level of urinary albumin excretion is unknown. It is also unknown whether impaired renal function confounds the association. Methods and Results— In the Third Copenhagen City Heart Study in 1992 to 1994, 2762 men and women 30 to 70 years of age underwent a detailed cardiovascular investigation program, including a timed overnight urine sample. The participants were then followed up prospectively by registers until 1999 with respect to coronary heart disease and until 2001 with respect to death. During follow-up, 109 incident cases of coronary heart disease and 276 deaths were traced. A urinary albumin excretion above the upper quartile, ie, 4.8 μg/min, was associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4 to 3.0; P &lt;0.001) and death (RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 2.4; P &lt;0.001) independently of age, sex, renal creatinine clearance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and plasma lipids. Lower levels of urinary albumin excretion were not associated with increased risk. Conclusions— Microalbuminuria, defined as urinary albumin excretion &gt;4.8 μg/min (corresponding to ≈6.4 μg/min during daytime), is a strong and independent determinant of coronary heart disease and death. Our suggestion is to redefine microalbuminuria accordingly and perform intervention studies.
Investigations on Thrombosis Using a New Experimental Model
Authors: Robert Gilsdorf, Peter C. Bina, Karel B. Absolon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A TRANSMURAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE in the normal, intact aortic wall with the intima negative in respect to the adventitia has been demonstrated in vivo by Sawyer et al.<sup>1-3</sup>They further indicated that this polarity is reversed after trauma to the vessel and noted a correlation between the development of a positive charge on the intima and an increased incidence of thrombosis. Thus, with the known cataphoresis in the electrophoretic cell of blood cells including platelets and blood proteins, all of which are electronegative, a bioelectric influence on thrombosis was postulated. Other studies have upheld this theory, showing an ability of externally applied electrical field potential to influence intravascular thrombosis.<sup>3-5</sup> If the demonstrated potential difference were intrinsic to the vessel wall it follows that turning the vessel inside out should influence thrombus formation. Experiments were designed, therefore, to investigate such a preparation and, subsequently, to note the influence of
Identification of a Late Stage of Small Noncycling pTα− Pre-T Cells as Immediate Precursors of T Cell Receptor α/β+ Thymocytes
Authors: César Trigueros, Almudena R. Ramiro, Yolanda R. Carrasco, Virginia G. de Yebenes, Juan P. Albar, María L. Toribio
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

During thymocyte development, progression from T cell receptor (TCR)β to TCRα rearrangement is mediated by a CD3-associated pre-TCR composed of the TCRβ chain paired with pre-TCRα (pTα). A major issue is how surface expression of the pre-TCR is regulated during normal thymocyte development to control transition through this checkpoint. Here, we show that developmental expression of pTα is time- and stage-specific, and is confined in vivo to a limited subset of large cycling human pre-T cells that coexpress low density CD3. This restricted expression pattern allowed the identification of a novel subset of small CD3− thymocytes lacking surface pTα, but expressing cytoplasmic TCRβ, that represent late noncycling pre-T cells in which recombination activating gene reexpression and downregulation of T early α transcription are coincident events associated with cell cycle arrest, and immediately preceding TCRα gene expression. Importantly, thymocytes at this late pre-T cell stage are shown to be functional intermediates between large pTα+ pre-T cells and TCRα/β+ thymocytes. The results support a developmental model in which pre-TCR–expressing pre-T cells are brought into cycle, rapidly downregulate surface pre-TCR, and finally become small resting pre-T cells, before the onset of TCRα gene expression.
Furosemide Screening Test and Pheochromocytoma
Authors: ZEV M. MUNK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 November 1975Furosemide Screening Test and PheochromocytomaZEV M. MUNK, M.D.C.M., GEORGE TOLIS, M.D., M.SC., C.S.P.Q. (C)ZEV M. MUNK, M.D.C.M.Search for more papers by this author, GEORGE TOLIS, M.D., M.SC., C.S.P.Q. (C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-5-739_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: It was recently suggested in this journal that the measurement of peripheral plasma renin activity after the administration of oral furosemide is a reliable screening test in hypertension to rule out a surgically correctable lesion (1). Plasma renin activity above 5 ng/ml h was associated with a renovascular cause of hypertension in five patients. We wish to report on two additional patients who had markedly elevated plasma renin activity in the furosemide screening test and no evidence of any renovascular abnormalities.Patient 1 was a 54-year-old white woman who had hypertension and superimposed hypertensive paroxysms responsive to...References1. WALLACHNYARAIDAWSON LIK: Stimulated renin: a screening test for hypertension. Ann Intern Med 82:27-34, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. DAVIS J: The control of renin release. Am J Med 55:333-350, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ASSAYKEENGANONG TW: The sympathetic neuron system and renin secretion, in Frontiers in Neuro-Endocrinology, edited by MARTININ L, GANONG WF. New York, Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 67 Google Scholar4. ROSSEYOUNGPANKE PIW: Techniques, usefulness and hazards of arteriography of pheochromocytoma. Review of 99 cases. JAMA 205:547-553, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Endocrinology Royal Victoria Hospital Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1975Volume 83, Issue 5Page: 739-740KeywordsHypertensionLesionsPheochromocytomaPlasma renin activity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Use of Perchloride of Iron in Post Partum Haemorrhage
Authors: L. Atthill
Journal: BMJ (1875)

CASE.-A housekeeper, aged 38, single, came under my care in November last.Sixteen months ago, she first noticed a swelling in the right breast, which gradually grew larger, and was excised in Feb- ruary I874.Five weeks later, a fresh tumour had already formed, and was likewise removed by excision.Soon afterwards, numerous cancerous nodules sprang up about the cicatrices in the axillary glands, and also in the left breast; and, as further surgical operations appeared unadvisable, Mlr.Irvine sent her to me.When I first saw her, on November 23rd, the cancerous cachexia was strongly marked.There was intense weakness and depression of spirits; the face bore an expression of agony; the complexion was sallowv; there was complete loss of appetite, great wasting, restlessness at night, a pulse of 120, and sixty respirations in the minute.Towards evening, well marked febrile movements set in, and there was excruciating pain, more espe- cially in the left shoulder.Under these circumstances, no treatment could be expected to pro- duce a decided change in the aspect of the case; but, as the patient and her friends wvere most anxious that something should be done, electrolysis was suggested.On November 30th, I introduced a needle connected with the cathode of lBecker-MIuirhead's battery into one of the cancerous nodes on the right side of the chest, and placed the anode to the left shoulder.The power of current wvas gradually raised
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as the Holy Grail
Authors: Christopher P. Cannon
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Twelve-Year Follow-up of New York Narcotic Addicts
Authors: George E. Vaillant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

ALTHOUGH narcotic addiction often manifests itself as a social problem, its medical and psychiatric ramifications suggest that it may be classified as a chronic disease. Like other chronic processes, addiction leads to multiple hospitalizations, multiple remissions and multiple relapses. Although many causes have been implicated, addiction remains a malady of uncertain etiology and of still less certain cure.1 , 2 Like other chronic diseases, it not infrequently culminates in premature death and severely impairs both employment and reproductive capacity. However, unlike most chronic diseases, addiction remains a disease with a largely uncharted course.The intention of this paper is to outline the . . .
The Thruston Speech upon the Progress of Medicine during the Last Three Centuries
Authors: G. H. Philipson
Journal: BMJ (1867)

uly 20, _8Ly, utained the satne, ailthottgh at one time thc pulse was at 70, at thc other at I lo.Whether the emptiness of the arteries in convalescence deevnls on diminution of the niass of the circulating blood (spanremia), or on relaxation of the capillary arteries, either of which would serve, on purely physical principles, to explain it, is uncertain.I am inclined to attribute most importance to the latter.I refer to pulse No. to principally for the purj)o.:C of sliewving how completely the sphygnographic form may be modified by merely func- tiona!, that is to say nervous, disorder; and p)articularly how impossible it is to ,liscrininate i)etwccn the effects of nmerc ncrvous excitement of the heart :and that which accompar.iespyrexia.It is the l)ulsc of a young nman agcl iS.ws1ho, althou.ghhie hiadI ncither lost flesh nor strength, yet, on account of n slight cough, imagined himself to b coIR.;UtnIunive.So ftr a\s 2relates to it;; fohimn, it C.altln hardly be Jistiii- c5niuinlZ from t;e inore fre asi t discrototis ptilse of puielvnonia, which iS| rCpresente(I in FIr. 6.In both cases, if the view which I sugcsteLd ii the intro'Iuctioni he corrtct, the su.n/'nnesrs (f the contracvtion of the heart irdicates its spinal chiaract.er,although1 the part which the ncrvous centres take may h~e lifferent.
Abstract 173: Targeting the MUC1-C oncoprotein blocks activation of FLT-3/ITD and induces death of acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Suiyang Liu, Surender Kharbanda, Donald Kufe, Richard Stone
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an intrinsically resistant disease especially in the 30 % of patients whose blasts have a FLT3-ITD mutation (constitutively activated transmembrane tyrosine kinase due to insertion of between 3 and 300 base pairs in the juxta-membrane coding region). The MUC1 oncoprotein is aberrantly expressed in AML cells; however, there has been no evidence for involvement of MUC1 in FLT3-ITD signaling. We show that the FLT3-ITD associates with the MUC1 oncoprotein thereby leading to a new therapeutic target. We have synthesized MUC1-C peptide inhibitors that penetrate cells and bind to the MUC1-C cytoplasmic domain blocking its oncogenic function. In the present study, we demonstrate that MUC1-C peptide inhibitor treatment of the FLT3-ITD positive human MOLM-14, MV4-11 AML cell lines, and primary blasts from patients with AML, leads to growth arrest and induction of late apoptosis/necrosis. MUC1-C inhibitor-induced cell death of these cells is associated with significant downregulation of phospho-FLT3-ITD, indicating that inhibition of MUC1-C blocks FLT3-ITD activation. Taken together, these findings provide support for the evaluation of the MUC1-C inhibitor, GO-203-2C (an agent now undergoing Phase I evaluation in solid tumors), in the treatment of patients with AML harboring the FLT3-ITD activating mutation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 173. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-173
Gamma-radiation of heart valves at 4 C; a comparative study using techniques of histochemistry and electron and light microscopy
Authors: R. J. Donnelly, S. R. Aparicio, F. Dexter, P. B. Deverall, D. A. Watson
Journal: Thorax (1973)

The optimal method of valve sterilization and storage is still not known. Pig aortic valve cusps have been studied using techniques of histochemistry, light microscopy, and electron microscopy, and the effects of gamma-radiation at 4° C have been determined. The effects of freezing, β-propriolactone, and freeze-drying were also studied. Gamma-radiation at 4° C and storage at this temperature in a polyionic environment for up to six weeks appears to have minimal adverse effects. This technique of sterilization and storage has now been used in our clinical valve programme for over two years with encouraging results.
Antibody to annexin V has anti‐phospholipid and lupus anticoagulant properties
Authors: Norihiko Nakamura, Chie Kuragaki, Yoshihiro Shidara, Kenji Yamaji, Yoshinao Wada
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Anti-annexin V (anti-ANXV) IgG and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) were both shown to be capable of inducing apoptosis in umbilical vein endothelial cells [Nakamura et al.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 205:1488-1493, 1994]. In the present study, we have demonstrated that anti-ANXV IgG prolongs the activated partial thromboplastin time and has an affinity for phospholipids in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This indicates overlapping of anti-ANXV and LAC activities, suggesting that ANXV may be involved in the autoimmune mechanism for LAC production.
NALTREXONE IN THE TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM
Authors: Robert M. Weinrieb, MD, Charles P. O'Brien, MD, PhD
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1997)

▪ Abstract Alcoholism affects nearly 12.5 million Americans and is responsible for annual costs of over $130 billion from loss of job productivity, deleterious health effects, and direct treatment expenses. Research on treating alcoholism from the standpoint of relapse prevention using psychosocial interventions alone has produced only modest results. Studies on the efficacy of adjunctive medications using multiple medications in placebo-controlled and open trials combined with psychosocial interventions have shown mixed results. Recently, a safe and well-tolerated opiate antagonist, naltrexone, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the adjunctive treatment of alcoholism. This review describes the pertinent preclinical and clinical research that led to the FDA's approval. Details are provided describing the subjects, methods, and results of the two pivotal human studies that led to the FDA review for this indication. Clinical therapeutic guidelines, appropriate patient selection, and future directions are also elucidated.
Non-conventional ventilatory modes
Authors: P. Evrard, O. Deckers, A. Dive, J. Jamart, M. Gonzalez, E. Installé, F. Vandewalle, N. M. Al-Saady, S. S. D. Fernando, M. Singer, E. D. Bennett, T. Lherm, R. Boiteau, H. Hmouda, A. Tenaillon, M. Poupard, N. Bloch, M. Rousset, E. Valente, F. Chamieh, P. Reper, F. Van Mlle, M. Zaidi, D. Ysebaert, R. Boone, A. Vanderkelen
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
THE INFLUENCE OF DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE ON THE PERCUTANEOUS MIGRATION OF POTASSIUM DODECYL [45S] SULPHATE
Authors: G. EMBERY, B. H. DGARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article THE INFLUENCE OF DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE ON THE PERCUTANEOUS MIGRATION OF POTASSIUM DODECYL [45S] SULPHATE Get access G. EMBERY, G. EMBERY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. H. DGARD B. H. DGARD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue s4, 1 August 1969, Pages 63–68, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb16064.x Published: 01 August 1969
BMA should look at inequalities in the NHS
Authors: J. Yates
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—The BMA's board of science and education argues that inequalities in the health status of the British people persist and regards this as an indictment on a health care system created to provide equal and free access to health care for all, irrespective of income.1 2 The board suggests that the recent reforms of the NHS, rather than improving the situation, may have been detrimental to the principle of equity. It calls …
Neuroanatomy and function in two visual systems
Authors: Bruce Bridgeman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology are insufficient to specify function. Modeling is essential to elucidate function, but psychophysics is also required. An example is the cognitive and sensorimotor branches of the visual system: anatomy shows direct cross talk between the branches. Psychophysics in normal humans shows links from cognitive to sensorimotor, but the reverse link is excluded by visual illusions affecting the cognitive system but not the sensorimotor system.
Reduction of oxidative stress by carvedilol: role in maintenance of ischaemic myocardium viability
Authors: A Cargnoni
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objectives: To differentiate the impact of the β-blocking and the anti-oxidant activity of carvedilol in maintaining myocardium viability. Methods: Isolated rabbit hearts, subjected to aerobic perfusion, or low-flow ischaemia followed by reperfusion, were treated with two doses of carvedilol, one dose (2.0 μM) with marked negative inotropic effect due to β-blockage and the other (0.1 μM) with no β-blockage nor negative inotropism. Carvedilol was compared with two doses of propranolol, 1.0 — without — and 5.0 μM — with negative inotropic effect. Anti-oxidant activity was measured as the capacity to counteract the occurrence of oxidative stress and myocardium viability as recovery of left ventricular function on reperfusion, membrane damage and energetic status. Results: Carvedilol counteracted the ischemia and reperfusion induced oxidative stress: myocardial content of reduced glutathione, protein and non-protein sulfhydryl groups after ischaemia and particularly after reperfusion, was higher in hearts treated with carvedilol, while the myocardial content of oxidised glutathione was significantly reduced (0.30±0.03 and 0.21±0.02 vs. 0.39±0.03 nmol/mg prot, both P<0.01, in 0.1 and 2.0 μM). At the same time, carvedilol improved myocardium viability independently from its β-blocking effect. On the contrary, propranolol maintained viability only at the higher dose, although to a lesser extent than carvedilol. This suggests that the effects of propranolol are dependent on energy saving due to negative inotropism. The extra-protection observed with carvedilol at both doses is likely due to its anti-oxidant effect. Conclusions: Our data show that the anti-oxidant activity of carvedilol is relevant for the maintenance of myocardium viability.
Effect of Hypothermia on Experimentally Produced Arrhythmias
Authors: EZRA J. BEYDA, SOL ALVAREZ, OTTO F. MULLER, SAMUEL BELLET
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The effect of hypothermia on experimentally produced rapid arrhythmias in the dog was studied. Rapid ectopic rhythms were produced in open-chest and "intact" animals by application of aconitine solution to the right atrial wall. In all experiments, a beneficial cardiac effect was obtained: marked slowing of the ventricular rate occurred in all cases, and in approximately half of the cases sinus rhythm was restored. On rewarming, although the heart rate increased, the sinus rhythm acquired during hypothermia persisted in most instances. The blood pressure fell when a rapid arrhythmia was produced. A further drop was observed in approximately half the cases during hypothermia. In the remaining cases no change, or a slight rise in blood pressure, occurred during cooling. The results obtained in the experimental animal would appear to have a bearing on the therapy of certain refractory arrhythmias in the human subject.
Treatment of head louse infestation with 4% dimeticone lotion: randomised controlled equivalence trial
Authors: Ian F Burgess, Christine M Brown, Peter N Lee
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 4% dimeticone lotion for treatment of head louse infestation. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled equivalence trial. <b>Setting</b> Community, with home visits. <b>Participants</b> 214 young people aged 4 to 18 years and 39 adults with active head louse infestation. <b>Interventions</b> Two applications seven days apart of either 4.0% dimeticone lotion, applied for eight hours or overnight, or 0.5% phenothrin liquid, applied for 12 hours or overnight. <b>Outcome measures</b> Cure of infestation (no evidence of head lice after second treatment) or reinfestation after cure. <b>Results</b> Cure or reinfestation after cure occurred in 89 of 127 (70%) participants treated with dimeticone and 94 of 125 (75%) treated with phenothrin (difference -5%, 95% confidence interval -16% to 6%). Per protocol analysis showed that 84 of 121 (69%) participants were cured with dimeticone and 90 of 116 (78%) were cured with phenothrin. Irritant reactions occurred significantly less with dimeticone (3/127, 2%) than with phenothrin (11/125, 9%; difference -6%, -12% to -1%). Per protocol this was 3 of 121 (3%) participants treated with dimeticone and 10 of 116 (9%) treated with phenothrin (difference -6%, -12% to -0.3%). <b>Conclusion</b> Dimeticone lotion cures head louse infestation. Dimeticone seems less irritant than existing treatments and has a physical action on lice that should not be affected by resistance to neurotoxic insecticides.