tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute arthritis after intra-articular hyaluronate injection: onset of effusions without crystal
Authors: C Bernardeau, B Bucki, F Lioté
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Side effects of intra-articular hyaluronate injection include aseptic acute arthritis, which develops within hours after injection. Based on standard crystal analysis, calcium crystal shedding has been postulated to explain this complication. However, it is not known whether apatite crystals or low amounts of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals are also involved as to determine this requires a complete synovial fluid (SF) analysis. Two cases of such an acute arthritis are reported in patients after receiving a second Hylan GF-20 intra-articular injection. The SF did not contain CPPD, monosodium urate, or calcium apatite microcrystals as examined by microscopic analysis (using a compensated polarised light microscope) after alizarin red staining. Further studies are required to investigate possible direct proinflammatory effects of hyaluronic acid degradation products.
Deposition in and release of vitamin D3 from body fat: evidence for a storage site in the rat
Authors: Saul J. Rosenstreich, Clayton Rich, Wade Volwiler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Vitamin D in all body tissues was radio-labeled by supplementing completely vitamin D-deficient weanling rats with oral vitamin D(3)-4-(14)C for 2 wk. All vitamin D was then withheld, and radioactivity and vitamin D content in a variety of organs and tissues were measured. Adipose tissue was found to contain by far the greatest quantity of radioactivity throughout the 3 month experimental period. Immediately after supplementation, half of the total radioactivity in adipose tissue corresponded to unaltered vitamin D(3), and the other half to polar metabolites and esters of vitamin D(3) and unidentified peak II. 1 month later there was approximately the same proportion but a decrease in the total quantity of each form. We conclude that adipose tissue is the major storage site for vitamin D(3) in its several forms. Unaltered vitamin D(3) was the principal storage form observed and presumably a source available for conversion to other metabolites during deprivation.
Phase II Study of Sunitinib Administered in a Continuous Once-Daily Dosing Regimen in Patients With Cytokine-Refractory Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bernard Escudier, Jan Roigas, Silke Gillessen, Ulrika Harmenberg, Sandhya Srinivas, Sasja F. Mulder, George Fountzilas, Christian Peschel, Per Flodgren, Edna Chow Maneval, Isan Chen, Nicholas J. Vogelzang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Sunitinib has demonstrated antitumor activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) when given at 50 mg/d on a 4-weeks-on 2-weeks-off regimen. Herein, we report results of an open-label, multicenter phase II mRCC study of sunitinib administered on a continuous once-daily dosing regimen.Eligibility criteria included histologically proven mRCC with measurable disease, failure of one prior cytokine regimen, and good performance status. Patients were randomly assigned to a sunitinib starting dose of 37.5 mg/d in the morning (AM) or evening (PM). RECIST-defined objective response rate (ORR) was the primary end point. Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), adverse events (AEs), and quality-of-life measures.One hundred seven patients were randomly assigned to AM (n = 54) or PM (n = 53) dosing and on study for a median 8.3 months. Eighty-three patients discontinued, 65 due to disease progression and 16 because of AEs; two patients withdrew consent. Dosing was reduced to 25 mg/d in 46 patients (43%) due to grade 3/4 AEs. The most common grade 3 treatment-related AEs were asthenia/fatigue (16%), diarrhea (11%), hypertension (11%), hand-foot syndrome (9%), and anorexia (8%). ORR was 20% with a 7.2-month median response duration. Median PFS and OS were 8.2 and 19.8 months, respectively, at median follow-up of 26.4 months. Efficacy, tolerability, and quality-of-life results were similar between patients dosed in the AM or PM.Sunitinib 37.5 mg, administered on a continuous once-daily dosing regimen, has a manageable safety profile as second-line mRCC therapy, providing flexible dosing, which can be explored in combination studies.
Heart rate-based protocols for exercise challenge testing do not ensure sufficient exercise intensity for inducing exercise-induced bronchial obstruction
Authors: C Trümper, S Mäueler, C Vobejda, E Zimmermann
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

Objective: To determine if a heart rate-based protocol for bronchial provocation testing ensures sufficient exercise intensity for inducing exercise-induced bronchial obstruction. Participants: 100 clinically healthy non-asthmatic sports students. Design: Subjects underwent an exercise challenge test (ECT) on a treadmill ergometer for bronchial provocation according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society (ATS). Heart rate (HR), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ), pH (pH) and lactate concentration were measured before and after exercise. Results: After exercise in 56% of the examined subjects lactate concentrations were &lt;6 mmol/l. A highly significant decrease in FEV 1 (mean −4.41 (SD 1.5%)) was found at concentrations of &gt;6 mmol/l, whereas at concentrations &lt;6.48 mmol/l, no participant showed an impairment of lung function (FEV 1 values ⩽90%). In five subjects, a bronchial obstruction was found, as shown by decreases in FEV 1 of −10 to −47% after exercise. The lactate concentrations in these individuals were between 6.48 and 11.7 mmol/l, indicating a predominantly anaerobic metabolic response to exercise. Conclusion: These results show that the ATS standard protocol, using a heart rate formula for assessing the exercise intensity, is not sufficient to cause predominantly anaerobic lactate metabolism and hence exercise-induced hyperventilation. Therefore, a potential bronchial obstruction could not be induced in 56% of the subjects. For a sensitive study design, exercise intensities demanding anaerobic lactate metabolism should always be ensured. A more precise protocol is required.
Use of Advanced Treatment Technologies Among Men at Low Risk of Dying From Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bruce L. Jacobs, Yun Zhang, Florian R. Schroeck, Ted A. Skolarus, John T. Wei, James E. Montie, Scott M. Gilbert, Seth A. Strope, Rodney L. Dunn, David C. Miller, Brent K. Hollenbeck
Journal: JAMA (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3>The use of advanced treatment technologies (ie, intensity-modulated radiotherapy [IMRT] and robotic prostatectomy) for prostate cancer is increasing. The extent to which these advanced treatment technologies have disseminated among patients at low risk of dying from prostate cancer is uncertain.<h3>Objective</h3>To assess the use of advanced treatment technologies, compared with prior standards (ie, traditional external beam radiation treatment [EBRT] and open radical prostatectomy) and observation, among men with a low risk of dying from prostate cancer.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data, we identified a retrospective cohort of men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2004 and 2009 who underwent IMRT (n = 23 633), EBRT (n = 3926), robotic prostatectomy (n = 5881), open radical prostatectomy (n = 6123), or observation (n = 16 384). Follow-up data were available through December 31, 2010.<h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3>The use of advanced treatment technologies among men unlikely to die from prostate cancer, as assessed by low-risk disease (clinical stage ≤T2a, biopsy Gleason score ≤6, and prostate-specific antigen level ≤10 ng/mL), high risk of noncancer mortality (based on the predicted probability of death within 10 years in the absence of a cancer diagnosis), or both.<h3>Results</h3>In our cohort, the use of advanced treatment technologies increased from 32% (95% CI, 30%-33%) to 44% (95% CI, 43%-46%) among men with low-risk disease (P &lt; .001) and from 36% (95% CI, 35%-38%) to 57% (95% CI, 55%-59%) among men with high risk of noncancer mortality (P &lt; .001). The use of these advanced treatment technologies among men with both low-risk disease and high risk of noncancer mortality increased from 25% (95% CI, 23%-28%) to 34% (95% CI, 31%-37%) (P &lt; .001). Among all patients diagnosed in SEER, the use of advanced treatment technologies for men unlikely to die from prostate cancer increased from 13% (95% CI, 12%-14%), or 129.2 per 1000 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer, to 24% (95% CI, 24%-25%), or 244.2 per 1000 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer (P &lt; .001).<h3>Conclusion and Relevance</h3>Among men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2004 and 2009 who had low-risk disease, high risk of noncancer mortality, or both, the use of advanced treatment technologies has increased.
Two Transforming <i>C-RAF</i> Germ-Line Mutations Identified in Patients with Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Armin Zebisch, Philipp B. Staber, Ali Delavar, Claudia Bodner, Karin Hiden, Katja Fischereder, Manickam Janakiraman, Werner Linkesch, Holger W. Auner, Werner Emberger, Christian Windpassinger, Michael G. Schimek, Gerald Hoefler, Jakob Troppmair, Heinz Sill
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Mutations leading to activation of the RAF-mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated (ERK) kinase (MEK)-ERK pathway are key events in the pathogenesis of human malignancies. In a screen of 82 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples, 45 (55%) showed activated ERK and thus were further analyzed for mutations in B-RAF and C-RAF. Two C-RAF germ-line mutations, S427G and I448V, were identified in patients with therapy-related AML in the absence of alterations in RAS and FLT3. Both exchanges were located within the kinase domain of C-RAF. In vitro and in vivo kinase assays revealed significantly increased activity for S427GC-RAF but not for I448VC-RAF. The involvement of the S427G C-RAF mutation in constitutive activation of ERK was further confirmed through demonstration of activating phosphorylations on C-RAF, MEK, and ERK in neoplastic cells, but not in nonneoplastic cells. Transformation and survival assays showed oncogenic and antiapoptotic properties for both mutations. Screening healthy individuals revealed a &amp;lt;1/400 frequency of these mutations and, in the case of I448V, inheritance was observed over three generations with another mutation carrier suffering from cancer. Taken together, these data are the first to relate C-RAF mutations to human malignancies. As both mutations are of germ-line origin, they might constitute a novel tumor-predisposing factor. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(7): 3401-8)
Radiolabelled somatostatin analogue(s) for peptide receptor scintigraphy and radionuclide therapy
Authors: E.P. Krenning, M. de Jong, P.P.M. Kooij, W.A.P. Breeman, W.H. Bakker, W.W. de Herder, C.H.J. van Eijck, D.J. Kwekkeboom, F. Jamar, S. Pauwels, R. Valkema
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)
Are Benzodiazepines Still the Medication of Choice for Patients With Panic Disorder With or Without Agoraphobia?
Authors: Steven E. Bruce, Russell G. Vasile, Robert M. Goisman, Carl Salzman, Megan Spencer, Jason T. Machan, Martin B. Keller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

OBJECTIVE: Recently, pharmacological treatment guidelines for panic disorder have changed as newer treatment options have become available. The authors examined how the use of psychotropic drugs has shifted over the course of 10 years to determine if prescribing patterns have changed to reflect these revised treatment guidelines. METHOD: A total of 443 patients with panic disorder were enrolled in the Harvard/Brown Anxiety Research Project, a prospective longitudinal study of anxiety disorders. These patients were interviewed over the course of 10 years to examine their use of psychotropic medications. RESULTS: Despite efforts aimed at increasing the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with panic disorder (e.g., APA's practice guideline for panic disorder, Food and Drug Administration approval of particular SSRIs for the treatment of panic disorder), only a modest increase in their use was found. Treatment patterns for psychotropic drugs appear to have remained stable over the past decade, with benzodiazepines being the most commonly used medication for panic disorder. In comparison, SSRI use throughout the follow-up period has remained low. Patients using an SSRI did not have a more favorable clinical course than those using a benzodiazepine, nor were there significantly better rates of remission in patients using SSRIs and benzodiazepines concomitantly. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight a gap between pharmacological treatment guidelines and actual delivery of care in that recommendations to use SSRIs to treat panic disorder are not being followed. Factors potentially associated with promoting and ignoring treatment recommendations are discussed.
Effects of repeated swine building exposures on normal naive subjects
Authors: Y Cormier, C Duchaine, E Israel-Assayag, G Bedard, M Laviolette, J Dosman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

Exposure to swine confinement buildings has a negative impact on respiratory health. A short exposure to this environment results in an acute airway inflammatory response. The present study was performed to confirm and further define the acute effects of working in a swine building, and to determine whether these effects are reproducible. Seven previously nonexposed normal subjects underwent evaluations that included hourly measurement of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), methacholine challenge (the provocative concentration producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20)), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), nasal lavage (NL), and blood analyses, before (control) and after each of two 5 h exposures to a swine building environment. The exposures were conducted 8 days apart. The levels of total dust, endotoxins, and ammonia (NH3) in the confinement building were measured on each day of exposure. Both exposures resulted in a significant reduction in FEV1 (mean+/-SEM change in FEV1: control = 7+/-2%; exposure 1 = 15+/-3%; exposure 2 = 23+/-3%), decrease in PC20 (median value (25th-75th percentile): 223 (23-256), 20 (15-198) and 20 (11-71), respectively; p=0.05) and increase in BAL cells (129+/-20, 451+/-43 and 511+/-103x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively) and NL cells (6+/-4, 126+/-58 and 103+/-26x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively), mostly neutrophils. Levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), but not interleukin-1 (IL-1) or tumour necrosis factors (TNF-alpha), increased both in BAL and nasal fluids with exposure. In normal naive subjects, repeated exposure to the environment of a swine building induced a marked and reproducible reduction in forced expiratory volume in one second, increase in airway responsiveness, and increased neutrophilic inflammatory response. These results could not be accounted for by any of the environmental factors measured.
Pulmonary and Hepatic Oncogenesis During Treatment of Male RF Mice With Dimethylnitrosamine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Neal K. Clapp, A. W. Craig, R. E. Toya
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

One hundred and twenty-six male RF mice, 8–10 weeks of age, were treated for the remainder of their lifetimes with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) in the drinking water, consuming 0.94 mg DMN/kg body weight per day. Dying and moribund mice had a mean age at death of 369 days as compared with 616 days for untreated controls, a decrease of 247 days, or 40%. The mortality curve resembled that for control mice but was much steeper in slope. The observed tumor incidences of mice treated with DMN were 97% in the liver and 99% in the lungs, as compared with control values of 4 and 39%, respectively. Tumor incidences in other sites were not different from control values. Lung tumors resembled the spontaneous adenomas of control mice. Liver tumors were predominantly hemangiosarcomas and hemangioendotheliomas, in contrast to the high incidence of hepatomas induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment in mice of the same strain and sex. DMN did not exert a leukemogenic effect. Although there are similarities between DMN and DEN in oncogenic effects, differences that remain to be explained exist in the target organs affected and the types of tumors produced.
Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm
Authors: J. Y. Neveux, E. Hazan, J. C. Levasseur, J. J. Galey, J. Mathey
Journal: Thorax (1967)

Twelve cases of traumatic tear of the diaphragm have been operated upon. In nine operation was done less than a week after the accident, with eight excellent results and one death. Three cases were recognized late in patients who had sustained chest injuries months or years earlier. Repair was accomplished in all patients through a thoracic approach.
Breaking the Cure Barrier 25 Years Later
Authors: James F. Holland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

While cancer cure is still a vast and intriguing biologic conundrum, the conceptual barrier has been cracked.Chemotherapy alone as a cure has been focused on the qualitative difference in the unique gene recombination of chronic myelocytic leukemia.Although still early to claim cure, 89% of patients survive at 5 years, 1 without evident residual disease by the most sensitive methodology in a substantial fraction, which augurs well for a major cure rate.More tumors have joined the category of sub-curable, where chemotherapy together with surgery and/or radiation, and sometimes passive immunotherapy, has substantially increased cure rates for breast cancer and lymphomas.Palpable gains have been recognized for colon, lung, ovary, and squamous cell head and neck cancers.The existence of tumor stem cells has been invoked to account for chemotherapeutic failures.The chemotherapeutically curable tumors, choriocarcinoma, testis cancer, large cell lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, and acute lymphocytic leukemia of children cast doubt on this invocation.The increased percentage of cures of acute myelocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia in adults, chronic myelocytic leukemia, adjuvantly treated osteosarcoma and breast cancers, and several pediatric solid tumors, recognized by breaks in the survival curves, suggest that appropriate treatments can achieve tumor eradication.In the adjuvant treatment of breast
Frontosubcortical Neuroanatomy and the Continuous Performance Test in Mania
Authors: K W Sax, S M Strakowski, M E Zimmerman, M P DelBello, P E Keck, J M Hawkins
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined whether Continuous Performance Test scores correlate with frontosubcortical volumes in bipolar disorder. METHOD: The subjects were 17 patients hospitalized for an acute manic episode and 12 group-matched comparison subjects. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Continuous Performance Test. RESULTS: The patients performed worse on the Continuous Performance Test and had smaller prefrontal cortical volumes than the comparison subjects. Within the patient group, Continuous Performance Test performance significantly correlated with prefrontal and hippocampal volumes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that certain neuroanatomic structures may be associated with attentional dysfunction in mania.
Dynamic imaging of the stomach by real-time ultrasound--a method for the study of gastric motility.
Authors: S Holt, W N McDicken, T Anderson, I C Stewart, R C Heading
Journal: Gut (1980)

The use of real-time ultrasonic imaging of the stomach for the study of gastric contractions in response to a liquid test meal is described. Gastric contractions in the pyloric antrum and distal body of the stomach were observed on closed circuit television, recorded on to cassette tape and also imaged on polaroid and ciné film. Gastric contractions were recorded from the pyloric antrum by longitudinal scanning in the lower epigastrium and reproducible motility tracings were obtained on a fibreoptic chart recorded. Intravenous metoclopramide enhanced the magnitude and frequency of antral movement, which was abolished by intravenous propantheline. Real-time ultrasonic imaging permits the non-invasive study of gastric contractions. It is safe, may be repeated as required, and provides a method for the study of the effect of drugs and disease states on gastric motility.
Individual Patient Data–Based Meta-Analysis of Patients Aged 16 to 60 Years With Core Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Survey of the German Acute Myeloid Leukemia Intergroup
Authors: R.F. Schlenk, A. Benner, J. Krauter, T. Büchner, C. Sauerland, G. Ehninger, M. Schaich, B. Mohr, D. Niederwieser, R. Krahl, R. Pasold, K. Döhner, A. Ganser, H. Döhner, G. Heil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

To evaluate prognostic factors for relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) and to assess the impact of different postremission therapies in adult patients with core binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemias (AML).Individual patient data-based meta-analysis was performed on 392 adults (median age, 42 years; range, 16 to 60 years) with CBF AML (t(8;21), n = 191; inv(16), n = 201) treated between 1993 and 2002 in prospective German AML treatment trials.RFS was 60% and 58% and OS was 65% and 74% in the t(8;21) and inv(16) groups after 3 years, respectively. For postremission therapy, intention-to-treat analysis revealed no difference between intensive chemotherapy and autologous transplantation in the t(8;21) group and between chemotherapy, autologous, and allogeneic transplantation in the inv(16) group. In the t(8;21) group, significant prognostic variables for longer RFS and OS were lower WBC and higher platelet counts; loss of the Y chromosome in male patients was prognostic for shorter OS. In the inv(16) group, trisomy 22 was a significant prognostic variable for longer RFS. For patients who experienced relapse, second complete remission rate was significantly lower in patients with t(8;21), resulting in a significantly inferior survival duration after relapse compared with patients with inv(16).We provide novel prognostic factors for CBF AML and show that patients with t(8;21) who experience relapse have an inferior survival duration.
BTS guidelines for the management of spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: M. Henry, T. Arnold, J. Harvey
Journal: Thorax (2003)

These guidelines have been replaced by BTS Pleural Disease Guideline 2010 Superseded By BTS Pleural Disease Guideline 2010: BTS Guidelines for the Management of Pleural Disease. Thorax 2003 May; 58(Suppl 2): 1–59.
Efficacy and safety of darunavir-ritonavir compared with that of lopinavir-ritonavir at 48 weeks in treatment-experienced, HIV-infected patients in TITAN: a randomised controlled phase III trial
Authors: José Valdez Madruga, Daniel Berger, Marilyn McMurchie, Fredy Suter, Denes Banhegyi, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Dorece Norris, Eric Lefebvre, Marie-Pierre de Béthune, Frank Tomaka, Martine De Pauw, Tony Vangeneugden, Sabrina Spinosa-Guzman
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
Cyclooxygenase-2 and Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: The β-Catenin Connection
Authors: Maria Domenica Castellone, Hidemi Teramoto, J. Silvio Gutkind
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Colorectal cancer poses a major clinical challenge in the developed world where this disease is common. Recent findings suggest that the prostaglandin E2, the proinflammatory product of elevated cyclooxygenase-2 activity in colon cancer, stimulates cancer cell growth through a G protein–dependent signaling pathway coupling the prostaglandin EP2 receptor to β-catenin control. These findings provide new insights into the molecular framework needed to evaluate chemopreventive strategies for colorectal cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(23): 11085-8)