tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis on F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Iain D. Lyburn, John E. Lowe, Wai L. Wong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 67-year-old woman underwent fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) as staging for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue base. FDG PET showed moderate FDG accumulation within the lung bases correlating with honeycomb fibrosis on CT, in keeping with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. When diffuse pulmonary uptake is seen on FDG PET imaging, nonneoplastic causes should be considered.
A very “patient” me
Authors: Arunachalam Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2005)

intrauterine environment may be part of a chain of developmental events leading to the accumulated deficit in IQ in twins by age 7. ConclusionsCognitive ability is strongly associated with educational attainment, adult socioeconomic position, and mental and physical health.A cognitive deficit in twins of this magnitude is therefore clearly of long term importance.However, our observations are based on a cohort born more than 50 years ago.Whether the effects today are as large requires study of a more contemporary cohort.We thank Raymond Illsley for providing us with the data from the Aberdeen Child Development Survey and for his advice about the study.
Diagnosis of Gilbert's Syndrome: Role of Reduced Caloric Intake Test
Authors: D. Owens, S. Sherlock
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Reduction in caloric intake to 400 a day for 72 hours resulted in a significant increase in the plasma bilirubin concentration in patients with Gilbert's syndrome and in normal subjects. This was due to an increase in unconjugated pigment. There was no significant increase in the bilirubin concentration in patients with liver disease or haemolytic anaemia.The increase in unconjugated bilirubin was signficantly greater in Gilbert's syndrome than in normals but only when the initial bilirubin concentration was raised. It was usually seen within 24 hours of reducing the caloric intake. An increase of 100% or more suggests that unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia is due to Gilbert's syndrome. In the normal subjects the unconjugated bilirubin level did not exceed 1.0 mg/100 ml.The increase in unconjugated bilirubin concentration on reducing the caloric intake may be due to decreased hepatic bilirubin uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase activity, which was shown to be present in seven rats starved for 72 hours. The effect of a 400 calorie diet for 24 hours on the unconjugated bilirubin level may distinguish Gilbert's syndrome from other causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.
Angiographic Indicators of Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Edwin L. Alderman
Journal: JAMA (1976)

LEFT ventriculography has become an important part of the cardiac catheterization procedure. Visualization of the contracting left ventricular chamber makes it possible to assess many aspects of ventricular function: (1) Ventricular chamber size and the fraction of blood ejected from the ventricle with each systole can be quantitated; (2) the thickness and mass of left ventricular myocardium can be measured; (3) regurgitant leaks of the mitral valve can be visualized, valvular anatomy defined, and regurgitant flows quantitated; and (4) segmental abnormalities of ventricular wall motion resulting from coronary artery disease can be readily visualized. <h3>Methods</h3> Left ventriculograms are obtained by positioning the tip of a catheter within the left ventricular cavity. Fifty to sixty cubic centimeters of radiopaque contrast medium is injected by a power injector under high pressures in three to five seconds to deliver a bolus into the ventricular cavity that is sufficient to opacify the chamber for
Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity
Authors: Karim El-Haschimi, Dominique D. Pierroz, Stanley M. Hileman, Christian Bjørbæk, Jeffrey S. Flier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Obesity in humans and in rodents is usually associated with high circulating leptin levels and leptin resistance. To examine the molecular basis for leptin resistance, we determined the ability of leptin to induce hypothalamic STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling in C57BL/6J mice fed either low-fat or high-fat diets. In mice fed the low-fat diet, leptin activated STAT3 signaling when administered via the intraperitoneal (ip) or the intracerebroventricular (icv) route, with the half-maximal dose being 30-fold less when given by the icv route. The high-fat diet increased body-weight gain and plasma leptin levels. After 4 weeks on the diet, hypothalamic STAT3 signaling after ip leptin administration was equivalent in both diet groups. In contrast, peripherally administered leptin was completely unable to activate hypothalamic STAT3 signaling, as measured by gel shift assay after 15 weeks of high-fat diet. Despite the absence of detectable signaling after peripheral leptin at 15 weeks, the mice fed the high-fat diet retained the capacity to respond to icv leptin, although the magnitude of STAT3 activation was substantially reduced. These results suggest that leptin resistance induced by a high-fat diet evolves during the course of the diet and has at least two independent causes: an apparent defect in access to sites of action in the hypothalamus that markedly limits the ability of peripheral leptin to activate hypothalamic STAT signaling, and an intracellular signaling defect in leptin-responsive hypothalamic neurons that lies upstream of STAT3 activation.
Prevention of VD in the Sexually Promiscuous
Authors: Eugene Scheimann
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There is more to venereal disease than statistics, more involved in defeating it than education and treatment. Because of the human suffering involved, and because of the complicated nature of venereal disease, I want to emphasize one aspect or major factor of venereal disease. Failure to consider it will threaten the success of any campaign. Even the most reluctant have come to admit that marital conflict, promiscuity, and adultery can be of major etiological importance in disease, emphasized in venereal diseases. In the case of adultery, threatened separation from the love object can be devastating to mental as well as physical health. Yet, incredible as it seems, this is not a category in the<i>Index Medicus</i>under which medical literature is coded. The medical profession in the United States exhibits a curious, irrational, and separatist attitude toward all sexual problems, which naturally affects its attitude toward venereal
Effect of acetylcholine on the highly stenotic coronary artery: Difference between the constrictor response of the infarct-related coronary artery and that of the noninfarct-related artery
Authors: Ken Okumura, Hirofumi Yasue, Kozaburo Matsuyama, Hisao Ogawa, Yasuhiro Morikami, Kenji Obata, Naritsugu Sakaino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Tubular proteinuria defined by a study of Dent's (CLCN5 mutation) and other tubular diseases
Authors: Anthony G.W. Norden, Steven J. Scheinman, Monique M. Deschodt-Lanckman, Marta Lapsley, Joëlle L. Nortier, Rajesh V. Thakker, Robert J. Unwin, Oliver Wrong
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
THE CAUSES, SEQUELAE, AND TREATMENT OF PERICOLIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: D. Power
Journal: BMJ (1906)

PERICOLIC inflammation is not very unusual, as I have already had four cases under my care this year, but little attention has as yet been paid to it, and it is likely, there- fore, to be mistaken for other conditions.Pericolitis comes under the notice of the physician, the surgeon, and the general practitioner, so that we ought all to know something about it.Pericolitis is an inflammation of the connective tissue in immediate relation with the colon, either ascending, transverse, or descending, which does not arise in con- nexion with the vermiform appendix.Like other inflam- mations it ends in resolution-that is to say, it gets well spontaneously-it becomes chronic or it suppurates.I will first give you a series of cases and thus illustrate each variety, and to do this I have borrowed from the notes of Dr. Rolleston and Mr. Bland-Sutton, to make my story complete, because their cases illustrate phases which Ihave not yet seen.CAS1E 1.Dr. Rolleston gives the following case of simple pericolitis ending in resolution.1 A man, aged 23 years, was admitted into St.George's Hospital on August 18th, 1904, with acute rheu- matism.It is noteworthy that he had been in hospital with a previous attack of rheumatism also complicated by abdominal manifestations, similar to those described below, in 1902.As a result of treatment the temperature rapidly fell, but after his bowels had been obstinately confined for four days he was seized with abdominal pains in the left iliac fossa, where there was much resistance and an oval patch of hyperaesthesia measuring 3 in.by 2 in.There was no tenderness or pain in the right iliac fossa.The abdomen moved' badly and the patient lay with the legs drawn up.Next day the pain was worse and vomiting occurred twice ; the pulse was 92 and the temperature was 1010 F., but the latter was probably due to a relapse of the rheumatic pains and not to the abdominal con- dition.On the following day, after the bowels had been freely open as the result of enemata, the abdominal pain diminished, and after this, the bowels being kept regularly open, the abdomen became natural.This is as simple a case of pericolitis as could well ,pccur.Mr. Bland-Sutton's case is an example of pericolitis having become chronic, and it is very interesting on account of its cause: CASE II.A man. aged 40,2 was seized with acute pain in the left iliac region with tenderness and fever.The signs were such, says Mr. Bland-Sutton, that if they had occurred in connexion with the right instead of the left iliac region a diagnosis of subacute appendicitis would have been irresistible.Indeed, the signs of an appendicitis were so characteristic that a careful examination was made to eliminate the possibility of the patient's viscera being transposed.A diagnosis of abscess of the deseending colon, probably depending upon perforation, was made, and on opening the abdomen an ovoid body as large as a bantam's egg was discovered lying smooth and sessile on the descending colon.The tumour proved to be an inflamed
Photocontact Dermatitis in a Dye Manufacturing Process
Authors: PETER S. HERMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article Photocontact Dermatitis in a Dye Manufacturing Process Get access PETER S. HERMAN PETER S. HERMAN Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitaller Universitaire, University of Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, P.Q. Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 4, 1 October 1972, Page 392, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07431.x Published: 01 October 1972
THE EFFECT OF UNSUITABLE NECK CLOTHING ON HEALTH
Authors: W. G. Walford
Journal: BMJ (1912)

<)g\CALD JOWMALf I to note how remarkably well cases of iritis do under mnineral water treatment.We have patients sent to us vith recurrent iritis, who rapidly improve, and, what is still more important, do not usuially relapse.Mr.Beaumont, who has seen a considerable number of these cases, doubts the very existence of rheumatic iritis at all, and believes the cases we see in Batlh are almost entirely gonorrhoeal, and that those wlhich are not are due to some other form of toxaemia.Experiments by Wickham and Degrais show that radium is not, strictly speaking,
Clinton could damage research, warn doctors
Authors: J Hopkins-Tanne
Journal: BMJ (1994)

President Clinton's health reforms could damage medical research and medical training, said speakers at an American conference sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences last month. Only 3% of the total spending on the health system goes on research and development, said Dr Rodney W Nichols from the New York Academy of Sciences. “If you think excellent biomedical education and research are expensive try ignorance and disease,” he commented.

Professor Henry Greenberg, associate professor of cardiology at Columbia University's college of physicians and …
ON THE EXCITO-MOTORY OR DIASTALTIC NERVOUS SYSTEM OF DR. M. HALL
Authors: J. G. Davey
Journal: BMJ (1854)

IN bringing the subject of Dr. M. Hall's important disco- *veries to the attention of this meeting, I trust I maynot incur the charge of anything like presumption, or arrogance of opinion, seeing that it is not my intention, any more than it is my ability, to question either the accuracy of the ex- periments of Dr. M. Hall, or the importance of the great mass of facts mentioned by this eminent physiologist in his -various writings on the true spinal functiom; nevertheless, I trust to be excused if I should offer, as I am about to do, for the consideration of my medical brethren, and even of Dr. M. Hall himself, certain reasons for believing that the excito-motory phenomena, as explained by Dr. Al.Hall, rest on a basis which even he has up to this time failed to recognise.It is doubtless well known to those present that the one great and important feature in the researches of Dr. M.Hall is the complete independence and entirety of the true spinal or diastaltic nervous functions, considered in refer- ence to the mere phenomenon of sensation or rolunetary mo- tion, located respectively in the two roots of the spinal cord.It has occurred to me, on investigating certain facts in connexion with the ganglionic nervous system, its physi-*ology and pathology, that Dr. M. Hall would encumber his peculiar labours with certain details, not only not necessary,
US rejects routine screening for ovarian cancer
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Women in the US are unlikely to be offered routine screening for ovarian cancer after the National Institutes of Health (NIH) said last week that the practice may do more harm than good.

Since 1989, when Gilda Radner, a 42 year old comedienne, died of ovarian cancer more gynaecologists have been offering screening tests for the disease, and more women have been taking them. In many private gynaecologists' offices, screening for ovarian cancer has become routine …
1033. Enhanced Engraftment of Retrovirally Transuduced Hematopoietic Stem Cells Following Treatment with Diprotin-A
Authors: Chaorui Tian, Jessamyn Bagley, Daron Forman, John Iacomini
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Introduction: Low levels of engraftment resulting from transplantation of limited numbers of transduced cells continue to be a major problem in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy. Treatment of bone marrow cells with the tri-peptide Diprotin-A (Ile-Pro-Ile), a CD26 inhibitor, has been shown to improve homing of hematopoietic stem cells to bone marrow, increasing the efficiency of bone marrow engraftment. Here, we demonstrate that Diprotin-A can enhance engraftment of limiting numbers of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells expressing an allogeneic MHC antigen and result in long-term molecular chimerism leading to induction of transplantation tolerance.
Outcomes of Nontransitioned Cases in a Sample at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis
Authors: Ashleigh Lin, Stephen J. Wood, Barnaby Nelson, Amanda Beavan, Patrick McGorry, Alison R. Yung
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2014)

Objective: Two-thirds of individuals identified as at ultra-high risk for psychosis do not develop psychotic disorder over the medium term. The authors examined outcomes in a group of such patients. Method: Participants were help-seeking individuals identified as being at ultra-high risk for psychosis 2–14 years previously. The 226 participants (125 female, 101 male) completed a follow-up assessment and had not developed psychosis. Their mean age at follow-up was 25.5 years (SD=4.8). Results: At follow-up, 28% of the participants reported attenuated psychotic symptoms. Over the follow-up period, 68% experienced nonpsychotic disorders: mood disorder in 49%, anxiety disorder in 35%, and substance use disorder in 29%. For the majority (90%), nonpsychotic disorder was present at baseline, and it persisted for 52% of them. During follow-up, 26% of the cohort had remission of a disorder, but 38% developed a new disorder. Only 7% did not experience any disorder at baseline or during follow up. The incidence of nonpsychotic disorder was associated with more negative symptoms at baseline. Female participants experienced higher rates of persistent or recurrent disorder. Meeting criteria for brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms at intake was associated with lower risk for persistent or recurrent disorder. Conclusions: Individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis who do not transition to psychosis are at significant risk for continued attenuated psychotic symptoms, persistent or recurrent disorders, and incident disorders. Findings have implications for ongoing clinical care.
Developing primary health care.
Authors: B Jarman, J Cumberlege
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Primary health care is best provided by a primary health care team of general practitioners, community nurses, and other staff working together from good premises and looking after the population registered with the practice. It encourages personal and continuing care of patients and good communication among the members of the team. Efforts should be made to foster this model of primary care where possible and also to evaluate its effectiveness. Community services that are not provided by primary care teams should be organised on a defined geographical basis, and the boundaries of these services should coincide as much as possible. Such arrangements would facilitate effective community care and health promotion and can be organised to work well with primary care teams. The patient's right to freedom of choice of a doctor, however, should be retained, as it adds flexibility to the rigidity of fixed geographically based services.
Professor Roy Meadow struck off
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

One of Britain's most eminent paediatricians was ordered to be struck off the medical register last week, a decision that surprised many in the medical profession.

The General Medical Council found Roy Meadow—an internationally recognised child abuse specialist who was knighted for his services to paediatrics—guilty of serious professional misconduct over evidence he gave at the trial of the solicitor Sally Clark for the murder of her two sons.

Mrs Clark was convicted of killing both her baby sons and served three years in prison before she was freed and her conviction quashed in 2003 after a second appeal ( BMJ 2003;326: 304).

In a damning judgment, the GMC told Professor Meadow, 72, that he had acted beyond the limits …
Interarm Blood Pressure Difference in People With Diabetes: Measurement and Vascular and Mortality Implications
Authors: Christopher E. Clark, Anna M. Steele, Rod S. Taylor, Angela C. Shore, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, John L. Campbell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Differences in blood pressure between arms are associated with vascular disease and increased mortality; this has not been reported in diabetes. We explored these associations, and assessed reference standard and pragmatic measurement techniques, in people with diabetes and in nondiabetic controls.A prospective cohort study in Devon, England, recruited 727 people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and 285 nondiabetic controls. Simultaneous repeated measurements of bilateral blood pressure were made at recruitment. Data were used to inform a pragmatic measurement strategy. Interarm differences were examined for cross-sectional associations with target organ disease and prospective mortality associations (median follow-up 52 months).We found 8.6% of participants with diabetes and 2.9% of controls had systolic interarm differences ≥10 mmHg. Single pairs of blood pressure measurements had high negative predictive values (97-99%) for excluding interarm differences. Systolic interarm differences ≥10 mmHg in diabetes were associated with peripheral arterial disease (odds ratio [OR] 3.4 [95% CI 1.2-9.3]). Differences ≥15 mmHg were associated with diabetic retinopathy (OR 5.7 [1.5-21.6]) and chronic kidney disease (OR 7.0 [1.7-29.8]). Systolic interarm differences were associated prospectively with increased cardiovascular mortality: hazard ratios 3.5 (1.0-13.0) for ≥10 mmHg and 9.0 (2.0-41.0) for ≥15 mmHg.Blood pressure should be measured in both arms during initial assessment in diabetes. Systolic interarm differences can be excluded with a single pair of measurements. In the population with diabetes, systolic differences may be associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.
Developing and Rewarding Good Teachers
Authors: Stephen Sandroni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 March 1994Developing and Rewarding Good TeachersStephen Sandroni, MDStephen Sandroni, MDUniversity of Florida Health Science Center; Jacksonville, FL 32209Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-6-199403150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their analysis of medical student essays on the attractiveness of internal medicine, McMurray and colleagues [1] describe negative student-faculty relationships as the Socratic method “gone awry.” The litany of complaints about attending physicians and their teaching techniques is neither new nor surprising to close observers of academic internal medicine. It does speak volumes about the failure to seriously evaluate and reward excellence in faculty teaching. Deletion of “malignant” attendings should be an ongoing function of a concerned administration and not a response to chronic student observations. Because of our failure to provide leadership, students have devalued ...REFERENCE1. McMurray J, Schwartz M, Genero N, Linzer M. The attractiveness of internal medicine: a qualitative analysis of the experiences of female and male medical students. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:812-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Stephen Sandroni, MDAffiliations: University of Florida Health Science Center; Jacksonville, FL 32209 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1994Volume 120, Issue 6Page: 526KeywordsAcademic medicine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Treatment in Pre-Dialysis Patients
Authors: Victoria S. Lim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) in predialysis renal patients. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for 8 weeks. Setting: Inpatient and outpatient facility in the Clinical Research Center of a university-based hospital. Patients: Fourteen adult subjects with renal insufficiency (mean serum creatinine, 473 µmol/L ± 61 [6.2 µ 0.8 mg/dL] ) and anemia (mean hematocrit, 0.27 ± 0.01). Interventions: Recombinant human erythropoietin, 50, 100, or 150 IU/kg body weight or placebo given intravenously three times per week. Measurements and Main Results: Subjects who received active r-HuEPO showed a dose-dependent rise in hematocrit; mean hematocrit increased 41% from 0. 27 ± 0.01 to 0.38 ± 0.01. At the same time, erythrocyte mass rose 43% from 13.7 ± 0.6 mL/kg in the baseline state to 19.6 ± 1.0 mL/kg after treatment. Maximal oxygen consumption during exercise increased 9% from 16.0 mL/min · kg ± 1.8 to 17.5 mL/min · kg ± 1.9. Conclusions: Recombinant human erythropoietin is effective and safe in ameliorating the anemia of pre-dialysis patients.