tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Levitational Assembly for Living Material Fabrication
Authors: Savas Tasoglu, Chu Hsiang Yu, Volha Liaudanskaya, Sinan Guven, Claudio Migliaresi, Utkan Demirci
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Functional living materials with microscale compositional topographies are prevalent in nature. However, the creation of biomaterials composed of living micro building blocks, each programmed by composition, functionality, and shape, is still a challenge. A powerful yet simple approach to create living materials using a levitation-based magnetic method is presented. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Reply to Donald L. Lamm and Nilay M. Gandhi's Letter to the Editor re: Behfar Ehdaie, Richard Sylvester, Harry W. Herr. Maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Treatment of Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence. Eur Urol 2013;64:579–85
Authors: Behfar Ehdaie, Richard Sylvester, Harry W. Herr
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Bacterial Defense Uncovered
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

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Ethics and Rural Healthcare: What Really Happens? What Might Help?
Authors: Ann Freeman Cook, Helena Hoas
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

Abstract Relatively few articles discuss the ethical issues that accompany healthcare in rural areas. This article presents and discusses the key findings obtained from multi-method research studies conducted over a 9-year period of time in a multi-state rural area. It challenges the efficacy of current models for bioethics, shows what kinds of ethical issues develop in rural communities, and offers a framework for envisioning resources and approaches that may be more appropriate. Keywords: bioethicsethicsfrontierhealthcareruralUnited States
Are Nuclear Particles Specific for Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis?
Authors: Rita De Vos, Marie J. Vanstapel, Jan Desmyter, Chris De Wolf-Peeters, Guy De Groote, Jan Colaert, Jan Mortelmans, Jan De Groote, Johan Fevery, Valeer Desmet
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

This study reports the findings of an electron microscopic search for so-called non-A, non-B nuclear particles in liver biopsies from patients with mainly chronic or prolonged liver disease and from chimpanzees. In patients without hepatitis B virus or acute hepatitis A virus serological markers, non-A, non-B-like nuclear particles were seen in hepatocytes in 28 of 31 cases of presumed non-A, non-B hepatitis, but also in 11 of 12 cases of liver disease not usually attributed to hepatitis viruses. They were also seen in 22 of 24 patients with HBsAg, in 3 of 3 patients with anti-HBc and no HBsAg, in 1 of 2 patients with hepatitis A, in a case of cytomegalovirus hepatitis, and in 16 of 19 patients whose serology was not available or inconclusive. The particles were present in 1 of 8 untreated HBsAg-negative chimpanzees and in 2 of 2 HBsAg-positive chimpanzees. They appeared in 4 of 4 chimpanzees developing non-A, non-B hepatitis following exposure to various inocula. Three patterns of particle aggregates were distinguished, all of which had been shown by others in non-A, non-B hepatitis. Dense aggregates were predominant, while others have shown intermediate aggregates more often; reasons for this difference could be technical. No pattern was specific for any condition. Either non-A, non-B-like nuclear particles, although associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis, are not specific for this condition, or non-A, non-B hepatitis viruses are extremely more common than is currently appreciated.
Diet and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Older Women
Authors: Brian C.-H. Chiu, James R. Cerhan, Aaron R. Folsom, Thomas A. Sellers, Lawrence H. Kushi, Robert B. Wallace, Wei Zheng, John D. Potter
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To test whether high dietary intakes of fat, protein, and milk are associated with the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in older women. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study with a 7-year follow-up period. <h3>Setting.</h3> —General community. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Sample of 35156 Iowa women aged 55 to 69 years with no prior history of cancer who returned the 1986 baseline questionnaire. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (104 incident cases). <h3>Main Results.</h3> —After controlling for age, marital status, residence, total energy intake, and transfusion history, the relative risks (RRs) for the highest tertile of intake compared with the lowest were 2.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-3.30;<i>P</i>for trend=.01) for animal fat, 1.69 (95% CI, 1.07-2.67; P for trend=.02) for saturated fat, and 1.90 (95% CI, 1.18-3.04;<i>P</i>for trend=.01) for monounsaturated fat, and there was no association with vegetable fat or polyunsaturated fat. Greater intake of animal protein (RR=1.52; 95% CI, 0.94-2.44;<i>P</i>for trend=.08), but not vegetable protein, was associated with elevated risk, and this was mainly explained by greater consumption of red meat (RR=1.98; 95% CI, 1.13-3.47; P for trend=.02) and hamburger in particular (RR=2.35; 95% CI, 1.23-4.48;<i>P</i>for trend=.02). Milk and dairy product consumption were not associated with elevated risk. There was also a decreased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with greater consumption of fruits (RR=0.64; 95% CI, 0.40-1.05;<i>P</i>for trend=.07). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A high-meat diet and a high intake of fat from animal sources is associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in older women. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1315-1321)
Too much of a good thing: NLRC4 and autoinflammation
Authors: Mark S. Anderson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2014)

![Figure][1] 

Insight from Mark Anderson



NOD-like receptor (NLR) family members are intracellular molecules that play a key role in innate sensing. Upon ligand binding in the cytosol, NLRs assemble a multimeric complex that includes the adaptor protein ASC and procaspase-1. This assembled
A Standardized Triglyceride and Carbohydrate Challenge
Authors: Nina Mohanlal, Rury R. Holman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—A standardized method of assessing postprandial triglyceride changes is not available. We evaluated an oral triglyceride tolerance test (OTTT) designed for routine clinical and research use. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A 200-ml strawberry-flavored test drink (50 g fat, 50 g carbohydrate) was administered twice to 30 diabetic and 20 nondiabetic subjects. Venous plasma triglyceride and glucose levels were measured when fasting and every 2 h for 8 h after the drink. Fingerprick plasma triglyceride levels were measured when fasting and at 6 and 8 h after the drink. RESULTS—The drink was consumed within 3 min and well tolerated by all subjects. The median triglyceride rise at 6 h was similar in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects (0.23 vs. 0.42 mmol/l, NS) and correlated with glucose increase at 2 h (r = 0.429, P = 0.018 and r = 0.509, P = 0.026; respectively). Diabetic subjects had higher 6-h geometric mean (1 SD range) triglyceride levels (1.82 [1.87 to 3.23] vs. 1.11 [0.66 to 1.11 mmol/l], P &amp;lt; 0.003) but a similar coefficient of variation (17.5 vs. 17.0%, NS) and a similar median (interquartile range) time to achieve maximal concentration (Tmax) (6.0 [4.0 to 6.0] vs. 5.0 [4.0 to 6.0] h, NS). Capillary triglyceride values were equivalent to simultaneous venous samples but consistently 10% greater. CONCLUSIONS—The OTTT permits simple evaluation of postchallenge triglyceride levels, is acceptable to subjects, and can be performed with capillary sampling. It could be used to monitor triglyceride-lowering therapies and to provide additional information concerning cardiovascular disease risk, particularly in diabetic subjects.
Che-1 Promotes Tumor Cell Survival by Sustaining Mutant p53 Transcription and Inhibiting DNA Damage Response Activation
Authors: Tiziana Bruno, Agata Desantis, Gianluca Bossi, Silvia Di Agostino, Cristina Sorino, Francesca De Nicola, Simona Iezzi, Annapaola Franchitto, Barbara Benassi, Sergio Galanti, Francesca La Rosa, Aristide Floridi, Alfonso Bellacosa, Claudio Passananti, Giovanni Blandino, Maurizio Fanciulli
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Assessing long term backache after childbirth.
Authors: R Russell, P Groves, N Taub, J O'Dowd, F Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVES--To investigate the factors associated with long term backache after childbirth, to assess all women reporting new onset long term backache, and to investigate any relation with pain relief in labour. DESIGN--Data collected from obstetric records and postal questionnaires or telephone interviews on morbidity after childbirth from all women delivering their first baby between March 1990 and February 1991, followed by analysis of data collected from outpatient consultations. SETTING--St Thomas9s Hospital, London. SUBJECTS--Questionnaires were sent to 1615 women who had delivered their first baby in the defined period; 1015 either replied by post or were contacted by telephone. RESULTS--299 women (29.5% of responders) reported backache lasting more than six months and of these 156 (15.4%) said they had had no back problems previously. Those women who had received epidural analgesia in labour were significantly more likely to report new onset backache (17.8%; 95% confidence interval 14.8% to 20.8%) than those who did not (11.7%; 8.6% to 14.8%). Younger women, unmarried women, and those reporting other antenatal symptoms were significantly more likely to report new long term backache. The 156 women reporting new backache were asked to attend an outpatient clinic and 36 (23%) did so. The majority had a postural backache which was not severe. Psychological factors were present in 14 women. CONCLUSIONS--Though new long term backache is reported more commonly after epidural analgesia in labour, it tends to be postural and not severe. There were no differences in the nature of the backache between those who had or had not received epidural analgesia in labour.
Aspirin for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in a General Population Screened for a Low Ankle Brachial Index&lt;subtitle&gt;A Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;/subtitle&gt;
Authors: F. Gerald R. Fowkes
Journal: JAMA (2010)

<h3>Context</h3>A low ankle brachial index (ABI) indicates atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Screening for a low ABI can identify an asymptomatic higher risk group potentially amenable to preventive treatments.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing events in people with a low ABI identified on screening the general population.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>The Aspirin for Asymptomatic Atherosclerosis trial was an intention-to-treat double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted from April 1998 to October 2008, involving 28 980 men and women aged 50 to 75 years living in central Scotland, free of clinical cardiovascular disease, recruited from a community health registry, and had an ABI screening test. Of those, 3350 with a low ABI (≤0.95) were entered into the trial, which was powered to detect a 25% proportional risk reduction in events.<h3>Interventions</h3>Once daily 100 mg aspirin (enteric coated) or placebo.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>The primary end point was a composite of initial fatal or nonfatal coronary event or stroke or revascularization. Two secondary end points were (1) all initial vascular events defined as a composite of a primary end point event or angina, intermittent claudication, or transient ischemic attack; and (2) all-cause mortality.<h3>Results</h3>After a mean (SD) follow-up of 8.2 (1.6) years, 357 participants had a primary end point event (13.5 per 1000 person-years, 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.2-15.0). No statistically significant difference was found between groups (13.7 events per 1000 person-years in the aspirin group vs 13.3 in the placebo group; hazard ratio [HR], 1.03; 95% CI, 0.84-1.27). A vascular event comprising the secondary end point occurred in 578 participants (22.8 per 1000 person-years; 95% CI, 21.0-24.8) and no statistically significant difference between groups (22.8 events per 1000 person-years in the aspirin group vs 22.9 in the placebo group; HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.17). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between groups (176 vs 186 deaths, respectively; HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77-1.16). An initial event of major hemorrhage requiring admission to hospital occurred in 34 participants (2.5 per 1000 person-years) in the aspirin group and 20 (1.5 per 1000 person-years) in the placebo group (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.99-2.97).<h3>Conclusion</h3>Among participants without clinical cardiovascular disease, identified with a low ABI based on screening a general population, the administration of aspirin compared with placebo did not result in a significant reduction in vascular events.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN66587262
Protein Kinase D3 Sensitizes RAF Inhibitor RAF265 in Melanoma Cells by Preventing Reactivation of MAPK Signaling
Authors: Jian Chen, Qiong Shen, Mark Labow, L. Alex Gaither
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

RAS mutations occur in more than 30% of all human cancers but efforts to directly target mutant RAS signaling as a cancer therapy have yet to succeed. As alternative strategies, RAF and MEK inhibitors have been developed to block oncogenic signaling downstream of RAS. As might be expected, studies of these inhibitors have indicated that tumors with RAS or BRAF mutations display resistance RAF or MEK inhibitors. In order to better understand the mechanistic basis for this resistance, we conducted a RNAi-based screen to identify genes that mediated chemoresistance to the RAF kinase inhibitor RAF265 in a BRAF (V600E) mutant melanoma cell line that is resistant to this drug. In this way, we found that knockdown of protein kinase D3 (PRKD3) could enhance cell killing of RAF and MEK inhibitors across multiple melanoma cell lines of various genotypes and sensitivities to RAF265. PRKD3 blockade cooperated with RAF265 to prevent reactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway, interrupt cell cycle progression, trigger apoptosis, and inhibit colony formation growth. Our findings offer initial proof-of-concept that PRKD3 is a valid target to overcome drug resistance being encountered widely in the clinic with RAF or MEK inhibitors.
Immortal time bias in retrospective analysis: comment on ‘Efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma’
Authors: P-Y Hsieh, C-J Liu, C-J Teng
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

We read with interest 'Efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma'. 1Dimopoulos et al. reported a retrospective post-hoc pooled analysis by using the data from two randomized trials, MM-009 and MM-010, which showed improved outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone.An important finding in Dimopoulos's report is the association between humoral improvement (uninvolved immunoglobulin A) and the long-term benefit of therapy.It shows humoral responders had better progression-free survival and overall survival compared with humoral nonresponders, in Figure 2.However, humoral response could occur at anytime from cycle one to ten.][4][5] 'Immortal time' refers to a time interval during the follow-up period in which the outcome could never occur because of exposure definition.For example, death cannot occur in the first 5 months of follow-up, in patients who had humoral response after at least six cycles (of each 28-day cycle).In conventional survival analysis, the immortal time bias can confer a spurious survival advantage to the responder group if the response is measured in the middle of the follow-up period but not at the beginning of the trial.Humoral improvement might predict the outcomes of the patients with multiple myeloma.Nevertheless, the result should be analyzed using time-dependent analysis, 2,5 such as Cox regression with response status as a time-dependent covariate.We look forward to see such reanalysis of the original data.
Long-Term Biological and Behavioural Impact of an Adolescent Sexual Health Intervention in Tanzania: Follow-up Survey of the Community-Based MEMA kwa Vijana Trial
Authors: Aoife M. Doyle, David A. Ross, Kaballa Maganja, Kathy Baisley, Clemens Masesa, Aura Andreasen, Mary L. Plummer, Angela I. N. Obasi, Helen A. Weiss, Saidi Kapiga, Deborah Watson-Jones, John Changalucha, Richard J. Hayes
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

David Ross and colleagues conduct a follow-up survey of the community-based MEMA kwa Vijana ("Good things for young people") trial in rural Tanzania to assess the long-term behavioral and biological impact of an adolescent sexual health intervention.
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation regulates CTCF-dependent chromatin insulation
Authors: Wenqiang Yu, Vasudeva Ginjala, Vinod Pant, Igor Chernukhin, Joanne Whitehead, France Docquier, Dawn Farrar, Gholamreza Tavoosidana, Rituparna Mukhopadhyay, Chandrasekhar Kanduri, Mitsuo Oshimura, Andrew P Feinberg, Victor Lobanenkov, Elena Klenova, Rolf Ohlsson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Michael T Heneka, Monica J Carson, Joseph El Khoury, Gary E Landreth, Frederic Brosseron, Douglas L Feinstein, Andreas H Jacobs, Tony Wyss-Coray, Javier Vitorica, Richard M Ransohoff, Karl Herrup, Sally A Frautschy, Bente Finsen, Guy C Brown, Alexei Verkhratsky, Koji Yamanaka, Jari Koistinaho, Eicke Latz, Annett Halle, Gabor C Petzold, Terrence Town, Dave Morgan, Mari L Shinohara, V Hugh Perry, Clive Holmes, Nicolas G Bazan, David J Brooks, Stéphane Hunot, Bertrand Joseph, Nikolaus Deigendesch, Olga Garaschuk, Erik Boddeke, Charles A Dinarello, John C Breitner, Greg M Cole, Douglas T Golenbock, Markus P Kummer
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2015)
Wilderness Medicine: Management of Wilderness and Environment Emergencies
Authors: Michael S. Jastremski
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Wilderness medicine encompasses the practice of medicine in remote locations and extreme environments. This text, now in its third edition, is the definitive treatise on this ecosystem of medical practice. In 53 chapters by 93 highly qualified contributors, the topics covered range from the expected, such as wilderness survival, hypothermia, search and rescue, and venomous reptile bites, to the ethics of wilderness medicine. New chapters in this edition address children in the wilderness, women in the wilderness, arctic medicine, thermoregulation, travel medicine, survival at sea, the changing environment, antivenoms, plant medicine (garlic poultices are quite effective for skin infections and vaginal candidiasis), white-water medicine, medical liability and wilderness emergencies, and ethics of wilderness medicine. This 8.2-lb text is up 3 lb from the previous edition. The book has maintained its wealth of practical "how to" information while increasing its presentation of the basic science underlying wilderness medicine. The emergency veterinary
FDA needs more sophisticated approach to drug safety
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A much more sophisticated approach is needed on drug safety if the recent debacle concerning rofecoxib (Vioxx) is not to be repeated. This is the view of one of the doctors who first raised fears about the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) inhibitor.

Dr Garret FitzGerald, director of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania, told a conference in Edinburgh that the problems surrounding rofecoxib could well happen again in a different guise. He blamed the problem on …
Vesicular eruption. A local complication of concentrated acyclovir infusions
Authors: R. K. Sylvester
Journal: JAMA (1986)

THE ANTIVIRAL agent acyclovir is effective in preventing progression of herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients.1-3The following case report describes an immunocompromised patient who developed vesicles at three different intravenous (IV) acyclovir sites. A review of the literature and the package insert provided by Burroughs Wellcome Co failed to document previous similar occurrences.4  Report of a Case  A 60-year-old man came to the emergency department with a three-day history of left-sided facial pain associated with an erythematous vesicular eruption involving the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. No ocular involvement was noted. His medical history included chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with splenectomy and chlorambucil and prednisone. A diagnosis of herpes zoster was made and, because of the proximity of the lesion to the eye and his underlying lymphoproliferative disease, he was admitted to the hospital for IV acyclovir sodium.  On the first day of therapy he received