tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pseudo Meigs' Syndrome Secondary to Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to the Ovaries
Authors: Yair Rubinstein, Igor Dashkovsky, Carlos Cozacov, Amram Hadary, Jamal Zidan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to the OvariesA 61-year-old woman with history of left hemisphere meningioma resection 16 years prior was admitted to our department with diffused abdominal pain.There was no change in fecal habits for the previous 2 weeks.She was treated with sodium valproate.Laboratory tests showed hemoglobin levels at 8.1 g/dL, carcinoembryonic antigen levels at 2.53 ng/mL, and CA-125 levels at 954.5 U/mL.Abdominal computerized tomography displayed ascitis, a 5-cm space-occupying lesion in the right colon (Fig 1 ,arrow,4-cm tumor in the cecum), and a 13-cm mass in left ovary (Fig 2, arrow).Colonoscopy showed a space-occupying lesion in the cecum suspected as a malignancy, and resection was scheduled.During hospitalization, the patient developed dyspnea.The patient had oxygen saturation of 86% in room air and no fever.Chest computed tomography showed pleural effusion in both lungs.Thirty milliliters of bloody fluid was removed by peritoneal aspiration and compared with serum, giving a 0.1 ascites ratiomore appropriate to paraneoplastic fluid from the ovary.Seven hundred milliliters of exudative clear fluid were aspirated from the right pleura.Cytologic examination of the fluids from both the pleura and abdomen showed a high level of lactase dehydrogenase (564 and 1052 IU/L, respectively), a low level of albumin (2.35 and 2.57 g/dL, respectively) and were negative for malignant cells.An investigative laparoscopy was performed to explore metastases in the abdomen.During the laparoscopy, a tumor in the left ovary was found with two segments of ileum attached to it, and another tumor was found in the right colon.A laparotomy was done, and a bilateral oopherectomy and right hemicollectomy were performed.Pathologic findings included a 4-cm primary tumor in the cecum, a 17-cm diameter metastasis in the left ovary, cancer cells in the right ovary, and seven lymph nodes with metastases in the mesenterium.Immunohystochemistry (CDX 50) staining of the tumor showed an adenocarcinoma of the colon (Fig 3,
Cyclophosphamide therapy is effective for bronchiolitis obliterans occurring as a late manifestation of lupus erythematosus
Authors: F. Weber, C. Prior, E. Kowald, M. Schmuth, N. Sepp
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

S ir, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the skin and, to a variable extent, many other organs. We report a 54‐year‐old woman with cutaneous and pulmonary involvement in the course of SLE. In 1975 (at the age of 32 years) she developed erythematous plaques on the face and on the scalp. By clinical and histological examination the diagnosis of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) was made. At this time there were no other features of SLE and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were not detectable. In 1978 our patient developed a generalized urticarial vasculitis with persistent urticarial plaques that were refractory to antihistamines ( Fig. 1). Histopathology revealed a superficial perivascular infiltrate containing numerous neutrophils, nuclear dust and eosinophils, consistent with the diagnosis of a leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Direct immunofluorescence of lesional skin showed deposits of IgM and complement C3 at the dermo‐epidermal junction and in the dermal vessels. Treatment with methylprednisolone 60 mg daily in a tapering dosage regimen was effective. During the next 12 years the patient developed five relapses of generalized urticarial vasculitis with ANA titres of up to 1:160 and decreased levels of serum complement. Antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) including anti‐SS‐A/Ro and Jo‐1, and anti‐DNA antibodies, were negative. Subsequent treatment with dapsone 50 mg daily in 1989 resulted in complete remission. At this time the clinical signs and laboratory findings suggested SLE according to the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association; chronic discoid skin lesions, photosensitivity, positive ANA and leucopenia.
The HIV Treatment Cascade—A New Tool in HIV Prevention
Authors: Thomas P. Giordano
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Massimo Calabresi
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This book is indeed an informative, authoritative, albeit enthusiastic, presentation of the progress achieved in understanding and handling chronic coronary heart disease, as a result of advances in available methods of investigation and treatment. The acute major catastrophic event—myocardial infarct—is not discussed in this text. Even within these limits, this monographic is not a textbook, but rather a report of the present position of an active clinical investigator who has made major original contributions in the field. Frequently basic science data are not given in separate chapters, but are immediately followed by practical application. This unconventional method of presentation may be at first disconcerting, but should prove satisfactory to the clinician, particularly to the nonspecialists, to whom the book is especially directed. Problems arising from this organization of the material are in part corrected by good, short introductions delineating the content of each chapter and major subdivisions; cross references, however,
THE EFFECTS OF SUBCUTANEOUS AND INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF TOXINS COMBINED WITH FINE EMULSIONS OF OILS
Authors: V. G. Walsh, A. C. Frazer
Journal: BMJ (1934)

RENAL TUBERCULOSIS[I TEwCAL JOURNAL even if the other side is secreting an occasional bacillus of tuberculosis.If such a kidney has a normal anatomical outline on pyelography, exhibits a good renal function, and is secreting little or no pus, the case can be regarded, clinically, as a unilateral one, and a nephrectomy should be carried out.The marked improvement in most of the nephrectomized patients, even though they still have the organism present in the urine, supports this contention.Further support is to be had, I think, from a follow-ul of unoperated cases, which were considered, clinically, to be bilateral.An endeavour was made to trace four- teen such cases which had been seen in the years 1928 to 1931 inclusive.It is significant that it was possible to ascertain the fate only of eight, and of these five had died.Of the remaining three, one was in poor health and had a discharging lumbar sinus, following on the rupture of a perirenal abscess.The two others, although still in fairly good general condition, had a half-hourly frequency night and day.CONCLUSIONS 1. Renal tuberculosis is clinically bilateral in at least 30 per cent. of cases.2. A case should be regarded as unilateral, and be nephrectomized if the kidney secretion-from one side does not contain pus or tubercle bacilli, and if the pyelo- graphic appearances of that side are normal.3. The presence of tuberele bacilli without pus in the urine of a kidney which has a normal pyelographic outline should not negative removal of the other kidney if it is the seat of an established destructive lesion.The kidney which exhibits occasional bacilli of tuberculosis in its secretion as the sole evidence of its involvement has -probably only an initial tuberculous lesion, and it has been demonstrated that these frequently heal.4. All patients after operation should undergo a sana- torium regime.This is particularly necessary if sinus formation occurs in the wound and if bladder symptoms persist.My thanks are due to Dr. Robert Cruickshank, bacterio- logist, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, under whose supervision all the bacteriological work has been done.
Treatmenf of optic neuritis by retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone.
Authors: E S Gould, A C Bird, P K Leaver, W I McDonald
Journal: BMJ (1977)

In a single-blind controlled clinical trial patients with optic neuritis caused by demyelination were given a single retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone. Though the treated group showed a trend towards more rapid recovery of vision than the controls, there was no significant difference in visual acuity, colour vision, or visual fields during the first six months after treatment. We conclude that routine use of corticosteroids is not justified in unilateral optic neuritis when vision in the other eye is good. Shortening the period of visual disability in bilateral disease or unilateral disease when vision in the other eye is poor, however, may be justifiable.
Study proposes antibiotics as possible new treatment for some types of chronic low back pain
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Up to 40% of patients with chronic low back pain that could benefit from surgery have a bacterial infection that could be treated simply and cheaply with antibiotics, research has found. 

The first of two studies in the European Spine Journal found Propionibacterium acnes , an anaerobic bacteria, in 43% of patients undergoing primary surgery for lumbar disc herniation.1 Hanne Albert and colleagues at the University of Southern Denmark also found that new bone oedema (Modic type 1 changes) developed in adjacent vertebrae of 80% of discs infected with the anaerobic bacteria.

Previous studies had shown that Modic changes were six times as common in people with low back pain as in the general population. This was mostly thought to be the result of mechanical reasons, but it was known that under some circumstances infections played a role. Conventional treatments for back pain such as exercises, injections, and manipulation were ineffective in patients with Modic changes.

The study of 61 patients found a highly significant association between …
Engineering Biomaterial Systems to Enhance Viral Vector Gene Delivery
Authors: Jae-Hyung Jang, David V Schaffer, Lonnie D Shea
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Integrating viral gene delivery with engineered biomaterials is a promising strategy to overcome a number of challenges associated with virus-mediated gene delivery, including inefficient delivery to specific cell types, limited tropism, spread of vectors to distant sites, and immune responses. Viral vectors can be combined with biomaterials either through encapsulation within the material or immobilization onto a material surface. Subsequent biomaterial-based delivery can increase the vector's residence time within the target site, thereby potentially providing localized delivery, enhancing transduction, and extending the duration of gene expression. Alternatively, physical or chemical modification of viral vectors with biomaterials can be employed to modulate the tropism of viruses or reduce inflammatory and immune responses, both of which may benefit transduction. This review describes strategies to promote viral gene delivery technologies using biomaterials, potentially providing opportunities for numerous applications of gene therapy to inherited or acquired disorders, infectious disease, and regenerative medicine. Integrating viral gene delivery with engineered biomaterials is a promising strategy to overcome a number of challenges associated with virus-mediated gene delivery, including inefficient delivery to specific cell types, limited tropism, spread of vectors to distant sites, and immune responses. Viral vectors can be combined with biomaterials either through encapsulation within the material or immobilization onto a material surface. Subsequent biomaterial-based delivery can increase the vector's residence time within the target site, thereby potentially providing localized delivery, enhancing transduction, and extending the duration of gene expression. Alternatively, physical or chemical modification of viral vectors with biomaterials can be employed to modulate the tropism of viruses or reduce inflammatory and immune responses, both of which may benefit transduction. This review describes strategies to promote viral gene delivery technologies using biomaterials, potentially providing opportunities for numerous applications of gene therapy to inherited or acquired disorders, infectious disease, and regenerative medicine.
ABC of Urology: BLADDER OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION
Authors: C. Dawson, H. Whitfield
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Frequency of micturition * Urgency * Nocturia * Urge incontinenceBladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common problem in elderly men, and by the age of 80 years most men will have developed symptoms attributable to this disorder.The symptoms may be either obstructive or irritative in type.Less common causes of bladder outflow obstruction include bladder neck obstruction and urethral stricture.The aetiology of the irritative symptoms is poorly understood.Obstruction of the urethra by an enlarged prostate leads to a poor urinary flow.The bladder may take longer to generate a high enough pressure to start the flow of urine, and this pressure may not be sustained over the (prolonged) voiding cycle.This leads to hesitancy and intermittency.Other causes of irritative symptoms which merit attention are bladder cancer, urinary tract infection, urethral stricture, bladder diverticula, bladder calculus, and neuropathic bladder dysfunction. EvaluationAssessment procedure for patients with bladder outflow obstruction.* Transurethral resection syndrome (<2%) believed that many men are impotent before transurethral resection of * Incontinence the prostate, and in some men erectile dysfunction may begin at the * Impotence (4-40%; highest rates in men same time as the voiding dysfunction.Erectile dysfunction is known to alererady experienion occur after transurethral resection, although the mechanisms for this * Retrograde ejaculation (>50%) are unclear and may be at least partly psychological.In some patients erectile function may improve after resection.
Ipratropium bromide in acute asthma.
Authors: M J Ward, P H Fentem, W H Smith, D Davies
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Ipratropium bromide was given to patients admitted to hospital with acute asthma. A cumulative-dose-response technique in six patients showed that 500 micrograms given by nebuliser produced a maximal increase in peak expiratory flow rate. This dose of ipratropium bromide was included in a regimen in which it was given either two hours before or two hours after nebulised salbutamol to 22 patients. Ipratropium bromide given on admission was as effective as nebulised salbutamol. The two drugs in sequence produced greater bronchodilatation than either used alone, and the mean peak expiratory flow rate rose by 96% in four hours. Thus giving ipratropium bromide in addition to salbutamol in severe asthma enhances the bronchodilator effect. Further studies are needed to determine whether the same effect may be obtained by giving two maximal doses of salbutamol two hours apart.
Happy Accidents: Serendipity in Modern Medical Breakthroughs in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Donald H. Rubin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Medical Writings: Book Notes17 June 2008Happy Accidents: Serendipity in Modern Medical Breakthroughs in the Twentieth CenturyDonald H. Rubin, MDDonald H. Rubin, MDFrom the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Happy Accidents: Serendipity in Modern Medical Breakthroughs in the Twentieth CenturyMeyers MA. 408 pages. New York: Arcade Pub; 2007. $25.00. ISBN 9781559708197. Order at www.arcadepub.com.Field of medicine: History of medicine and medical subspecialties, including clinical pharmacology, infectious disease, gastroenterology, cardiology, and psychiatry.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: High school and college students, or attending physicians looking for interesting anecdotes to share with residents on teaching rounds. The prose is easy to understand and is aimed at an audience without a scientific or medical background.Purpose: To present discoveries that resulted from chance events.Content: The introduction provides the framework ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 June 2008Volume 148, Issue 12Page: 972KeywordsClinical pharmacologyHealth careHistory of medicineInfectious diseasesLipoprotein receptorsResearch fundingScientistsSoftware toolsSub-specialty careVeteran care ePublished: 17 June 2008 Issue Published: 17 June 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nitpicker Strikes Chord, Cord: Accord Struck on Cord, Chord
Authors: Myron M. Nichols
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their description of newborns with meconium aspiration, medical students and residents frequently write, "meconium was (or was not) seen below the vocal chords" to which I usually reply, "Major or minor?" (Probably minor since the infant is under 18 years old.) Now in an editorial by Dr Lundberg, entitled "Peace on Earth, Good Health for Men.'" we find him striking a "responsive cord" in suggesting an exportation of physicians. Nitpickers arise!
P108 Acute Niv Practices At A District General Hospital And The Impact Of Regular Electronic Feedback On Patient Outcome
Authors: T. Ward, V. Sandoo, S. Hussain
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has become the standard of care for management of acute type 2 respiratory failure. There is evidence that junior doctors receive inadequate training and confidence in the use of NIV is low. National audits have shown consistent shortcomings in NIV management. <h3>Aims</h3> To assess initiation of acute NIV in a District General Hospital setting, to provide prompt structured feedback to doctors initiating NIV and to assess whether feedback leads to improvement. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 72 acute NIV initiations were prospectively assessed between January and June 2014. Data from patient records was collected using a structured pro-forma to assess nine parameters (described below). A feedback email with total score out of nine along with brief written feedback was sent to all doctors initiating NIV. <h3>Results</h3> Performance was reported for each of the nine criteria; documented indication for NIV (94%); documented NIV start time (90%); BTS recommended NIV pressures achieved (61%); ABG immediately prior to therapy (93%); ABG performed at 1–2 h (75%) and at 4–6 h (79%); documented ceiling of treatment (70%) and discussion with patient/relatives (67%); improvement in pH at 6 h (58%). Use of correct pressures led to an improvement in pH in 68% compared to 43% when inadequate pressures were used (p &lt; 0.05). pH at 6 h improved in 81% when all initial 8 parameters were met compared to 0% with a score of 4 or less (p &lt; 0.01). There was a trend towards increased survival with higher scores. Scores steadily improved over the first 3 months however fell at the beginning of April, coinciding with the rotation of junior doctors, rising again towards the end of the study period. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Better adherence with BTS guidelines led to improvements in patient outcomes. Structured feedback led to improvement in NIV initiation scores.
Decreased Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Sickle-Cell Anemia
Authors: FRED ROSNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 May 1974Decreased Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Sickle-Cell AnemiaFRED ROSNER, M.D., F.A.C.P., GUNGOR KARAYALCIN, M.D.FRED ROSNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, GUNGOR KARAYALCIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-5-668 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1968, Wajima and Kraus (1) reported low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity in sickle-cell anemia. This finding was unexpected, and therefore no explanation was offered by the authors. Our skepticism led us to repeat their study, and our results confirm the original observation.Outpatients with sickle-cell anemia (SS) and sickle-cell trait (AS) attending the sickle-cell disease clinic of the Queens Hospital Center were studied. All had diagnoses of hemoglobinopathy, confirmed by hemoglobin electrophoresis. Healthy siblings and parents of patients with sickle-cell trait, all free of hemoglobinopathy, served as control subjects. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity was determined semiquantitatively...References1. WAJIMAKRAUS TA: Low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity in sickle cell anemia. J Lab Clin Med 72:980-984, 1968 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. KAPLOW L: A histochemical procedure for localizing and evaluating leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity in smears of blood and marrow. Blood 10:1023-1029, 1955 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ROSNERLEESCHULTZ FSF: The regulation of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase. Ann NY Acad Sci 155:902-910, 1968 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Queens Hospital Center Affiliation Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center Jamaica, New York 11432 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPulmonary Complications of Sickle Cell DiseasesClinical, hematological, and biochemical features of Hb SC diseasePituitary-adrenal axis function in sickle cell anemia and its relationship to leukocyte alkaline phosphataseClinical Utilization of Alkaline Phosphatase MeasurementsLeukocyte alkaline phosphataseThe Management of Sickle Cell AnemiaLeukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase in Sickle-Cell AnemiaLeukocyte Alkaline PhosphataseMARTIN H. STEINBERG, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 May 1974Volume 80, Issue 5Page: 668-669KeywordsAnemiaHemoglobinHemoglobinopathiesOutpatient clinicsOutpatientsPhosphatases Issue Published: 1 May 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...