tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incretin Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Is Preserved in Presence of ABCC8/SUR1 Mutation in <b>β</b>-Cell
Authors: Olivier Bourron, Fatma Chebbi, Marine Halbron, Cécile Saint-Martin, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Ahmed Abed, Beny Charbit, Christophe Magnan, J.M. Lacorte, Agnès Hartemann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

ABCC8/SUR1-activating mutations induce neonatal diabetes (1) or other diabetes (1–4). Sulfonylurea treatment is unsuccessful in 15% patients (2,3). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) enhances insulin secretion by activating diverse signaling pathways (4). This study aimed at exploring if the GLP-1 effect is retained when β-cell dysfunction is related to ABCC8 mutation.

Three informed patients were included after approbation by the local ethics committee. Patient 1 (38 years old, BMI 21 kg/m2, 6.2% HbA1c) and 2 (64 years old, BMI 27 kg/m2, 7.4% HbA1c) were diagnosed at ages 15 and 17 years as having type 1 diabetes and treated with insulin for years, until ABCC8 heterozygous mutation (c.1303T>C [p.Cys435Arg] and c.4139G>A [p.Arg1380His]) was discovered when a relative developed transient neonatal diabetes. They are now treated …
Blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion in relation to the A-1984G adrenomedullin polymorphism in a Chinese population
Authors: Y. Li, J.A. Staessen, L.-H. Li, P.-J. Gao, L. Thijs, E. Brand, S.M. Brand-Herrmann, D.-L. Zhu, J.-G. Wang
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Acquired immunoparalysis in paediatric intensive care: prospective observational study
Authors: M. Peters, A. Petros, G. Dixon, D. Inwald, N. Klein
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The increase in high technology medicine, complex surgical techniques, and use of immunosuppressive agents means that more patients are managed with broad spectrum antibiotics.Such regimens may contribute to the emergence of multidrug resistant micro-organisms, 1 and many authorities are now rationalising use of antibiotics in hospital to try to limit the spread of antibiotic resistant organisms.For this strategy to be successful, however, it should be combined with attempts to limit the requirement for antibiotic treatment in patients in hospital. 1 Recent studies indicate that many inpatients may be predisposed to infectious complications because of altered host defences.A subgroup of adults in intensive care with severe sepsis has been shown to express low amounts of HLA-DR on circulating monocytes; this was associated with a relatively immunodeficient state termed monocyte deactivation 2 or immunoparalysis.These patients improved after being given the cytokine interferon gamma.These observations suggest that focusing on host defences may provide an additional strategy for reducing antimicrobial resistance in hospitals.
Bush announces US plan for flu pandemic
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Sleep is fundamental to normal physiological and cognitive function. Sleep promotion strategies have been used extensively in clinical settings, as a treatment for various ailments (ie, insomnia). However, sleep problems are prevalent outside these realms, with 56% of American, 31% of Western European and 29% of Japanese people suffering from sleep problems the previous year. The global public health concern over sleep has increased the demand for sleep promotion interventions, but the efficacy of these strategies is unclear in otherwise healthy and athletic populations. One possibility is due to the presentation and analysis of grouped data, despite sleep naturally being a highly variable and inherent trait. We argue the case for (1) presenting sleep data at the individual level and (2) individualising sleep promotion interventions.
Dietary Composition During Weight-Loss Maintenance—Reply
Authors: David S. Ludwig, Cara B. Ebbeling, Henry A. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Somatosensory Conduction Delay in Central and Peripheral Nervous System of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ryohji Nakamura, Masayuki Noritake, Yoshito Hosoda, Keiko Kamakura, Naokazu Nagata, Hiroshi Shibasaki
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Fifty-four diabetic patients with or without clinical evidence of neuropathy and with no clinical evidence of CNS dysfunction were studied by somatosensory-evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist and recorded from the scalp electrode against a noncephalic reference. Peripheral conduction index, calculated as the distance from the wrist to the C7 spinous process divided by the P9 latency, was significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) in diabetic patients (69.81 +/- 6.47 m/s) compared with 28 age-matched nondiabetic subjects (76.85 +/- 5.65 m/s). The P11-P13 interpeak latency, representative of the transit time from the dorsal column at the level of the sensory input into the cervical cord to the brain stem along the somatosensory pathways (CCT1), and the P13-N19 interpeak latency, representative of the transit time from the brain stem to the somatosensory cortex (CCT2), were significantly increased in diabetic patients (CCT1, 2.51 +/- 0.63 ms; CCT2, 5.76 +/- 0.92 ms) compared with nondiabetic subjects (CCT1, 2.28 +/- 0.36 ms, P less than 0.05; CCT2, 5.18 +/- 0.51 ms, P less than 0.01). We conclude that, in diabetic patients, neurophysiological abnormalities may be present in two distinct parts of the CNS and the peripheral nervous system.
1377 ACTIVATED COMPLEMENT FACTOR 3 IS ASSOCIATED WITH LIVER FAT AND LIVER ENZYMES: THE CODAM STUDY
Authors: N. Wlazlo, M.M. Van Greevenbroek, I. Ferreira, E.J. Jansen, E.J. Feskens, C.J. Van der Kallen, C.G. Schalkwijk, B. Bravenboer, C.D. Stehouwer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Lymphosarcoma in an Ectopic Pelvic Spleen
Authors: IRVING WALDMAN, LEON SUISSA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Wandering spleen is a rare condition which can be diagnosed with facility by conventional nuclear medicine imaging techniques.1 We present one case in which generalized lymphosarcoma involving a wandering spleen was proved by percutaneous aspiration biopsy. Evaluation of a liver-spleen scan in which the normal splenic image is not definitely seen should include extension of the scan field to include the lower abdomen, because of the possibility of ectopic splenic position.
Foxp3-Dependent MicroRNA155 Confers Competitive Fitness to Regulatory T Cells by Targeting SOCS1 Protein
Authors: Li-Fan Lu, To-Ha Thai, Dinis Pedro Calado, Ashutosh Chaudhry, Masato Kubo, Kentaro Tanaka, Gabriel B. Loeb, Hana Lee, Akihiko Yoshimura, Klaus Rajewsky, Alexander Y. Rudensky
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Living kidney donors
Authors: Aaron Spital
Journal: The Lancet (1992)

Misconceptions on nutrition of refugees SIR,-We are disturbed by misconceptions about nutrition that seriously jeopardise the successful control of malnutrition in refugees and displaced persons.The United Nations coordinating body in nutrition, the UN Advisory Committee on Coordination, Sub Committee on Nutrition (ACC/SCN), has a working group on refugees and displaced people, which met on July 7 and 8,1992, and urged that we draw attention to these misconceptions.The group represents all the UN agencies concerned and several donor governments and non-governmental organisations.** Although shortages of staff and money and inadequate organisation constrain the effective prevention and treatment of malnutrition among refugees and displaced people, the correction of misconceptions could save lives and safeguard health.Six serious misconceptions that need correction are:"Starving people can eat anything."It is widely held that people who are starving will be very hungy and eat any food that can be supplied.This attitude is inhumane and incorrect.Even if hungry initially, people often do not consume adequate quantities of unvaried and unfamiliar foods for long enough.More importantly, starving people are often ill and may not have a good appetite.They will therefore languish in an emaciated state or get even sicker.Even someone well-nourished would fail to thrive on the monotonous diets of three or so commodities (eg, wheat, beans, and oil) that is all that is available, month in, month out, to many refugees and displaced people.And this is aside from the micronutrient deficiencies that often develop.This misconception starts, in part, from a failure to agree on explicit objectives for food assistance- which should surely be to provide for health, welfare, and a reasonably decent existence and help in attaining an acceptable state of self-reliance and self-respect."Children with diarrhoea should not be intensively fed."A view from many years ago, and from non-emergency situations, sometimes persists-namely, that children must be rehydrated (and diarrhoea prevented) before re-feeding.This policy is incorrect and, with severely malnourished children, it can be fatal.Any child with diarrhoea must be fed, if necessary with a liquid diet by nasogastric tube, at the same time as additional fluids are given.Even if the diarrhoea is profuse, some nutrients are absorbed and can start the recovery process.To begin feeding after rehydration will often be too late.
Plasmodium malariae Imported From Vietnam
Authors: Darrell Willerson
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the beginning of the conflict in Southeast Asia during 1965, the incidence of malaria imported into the United States has increased significantly. The following report documents a case of<i>Plasmodium malariae</i>(quartan malaria) in a veteran who served in Vietnam during 1968 and 1969. A fever curve that is not classical for quartan malaria is notable. The period of time that had elapsed since the serviceman returned to this country was longer than other imported cases of<i>P malariae</i>during 1969. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 22-year-old man was admitted to the hospital during June 1971. He had returned from Vietnam in September 1969, where he had spent one year. During this tour of duty he took chloroquine (300 mg) weekly and primaquine phosphate (45 mg), plus dapsone prophylaxis intermittently, and did not continue a prophylactic regimen after leaving Southeast Asia. He had not left the
Vesicoileal Fistula in a Patient with Hematochezia and Hematuria
Authors: Myoung-Kuk Jang, Sung-Koo Lee, Seung-Jae Myung
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: Vesicoenteric fistula usually develops as a complication of colonic diverticulitis, although other conditions, such as colorectal cancer, Crohn's disease, and bladder cancer, may be ...
Transit of pharmaceutical dosage forms through the small intestine.
Authors: S S Davis, J G Hardy, J W Fara
Journal: Gut (1986)

The gastrointestinal transit of pharmaceutical dosage forms has been measured in 201 studies in normal subjects using gamma scintigraphy. Solutions, small pellets, and single units (matrix tablets and osmotic pumps) were administered with different amounts of food in the stomach, ranging from fasted state to heavy breakfast. Gastric emptying was affected by the nature of the dosage form and the presence of food in the stomach. Solutions and pellets were emptied even when the stomach was in the digestive mode, while single units were retained for long periods of time, depending on the size of the meal. In contrast, measured intestinal transit times were independent of the dosage form and fed state. The small intestinal transit time of about three hours (mean +/- 1 h SEM) has implications for the design of dosage forms for the sustained release of drugs in specific positions in the gastrointestinal tract.
Metallic stent placement for malignant biliary stenosis through pancreatic duct in pancreaticobiliary maljunction
Authors: Toru Matsui, Hiroyuki Matsubayashi, Satoshi Hamauchi, Keiko Sasaki, Masaki Tanaka, Hiroyuki Ono
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction is a congenital anomaly defined as a connection of pancreatic and biliary ducts upstream of the sphincter of Oddi.
Letter: "Orthopaedic beds".
Authors: J Cyriax
Journal: BMJ (1975)

between the ulcer and the cardiac orifice.The ulcer was irregular in shape with a 1-cm proximal lesion on the anterior wall and a distal 4-cm lesion imme- diately below it which encircled most of the oesophagus and which communicated with the aorta through a channel 0-3 cm in diameter.It was thought that the entrance to the aorta was at the site of an intercostal vessel which had been involved in the ulcer base.There were adhesions between the aorta and the oesophagus.Altered blood was present which was adherent to the ulcer base and the stomach contained a cast of clot.No radio- graphs of the oesophagus were available.At necropsy the ulcerated area appeared to occupy the midline.
Ambient Pollution and Blood Pressure in Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Antonella Zanobetti, Marina Jacobson Canner, Peter H. Stone, Joel Schwartz, David Sher, Elizabeth Eagan-Bengston, Karen A. Gates, L. Howard Hartley, Helen Suh, Diane R. Gold
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Multiple studies have demonstrated a consistent association between ambient particulate air pollution and increased risk of hospital admissions and deaths for cardiovascular causes. We investigated the associations between fine particulate pollution (PM 2.5 ) and blood pressure during 631 repeated visits for cardiac rehabilitation in 62 Boston residents with cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results— Blood pressure, cardiac risk factor, and exercise data were abstracted from records of rehabilitation visits between 1999 and 2001. We applied mixed-effect models, controlling for body mass index, age, gender, number of visits, hour of day, and weather variables. For an increase from the 10th to the 90th percentile in mean PM 2.5 level during the 5 days before the visit (10.5 μg/m 3 ), there was a 2.8-mm Hg (95% CI, 0.1 to 5.5) increase in resting systolic, a 2.7-mm Hg (95% CI, 1.2 to 4.3) increase in resting diastolic, and a 2.7-mm Hg (95% CI, 1.0 to 4.5) increase in resting mean arterial blood pressure. The mean PM 2.5 level during the 2 preceding days (13.9 μg/m 3 ) was associated with a 7.0-mm Hg (95% CI, 2.3 to 12.1) increase in diastolic and a 4.7-mm Hg (95% CI, 0.5 to 9.1) increase in mean arterial blood pressure during exercise in persons with resting heart rate ≥70 bpm, but it was not associated with an increase in blood pressure during exercise in persons with heart rate &lt;70 bpm. Conclusions— In patients with preexisting cardiac disease, particle pollution may contribute to increased risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality through short-term increases in systemic arterial vascular narrowing, as manifested by increased peripheral blood pressure.
Glutaric acidemia type II. Heterogeneity in beta-oxidation flux, polypeptide synthesis, and complementary DNA mutations in the alpha subunit of electron transfer flavoprotein in eight patients.
Authors: E Freneaux, V C Sheffield, L Molin, A Shires, W J Rhead
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We studied metabolic, polypeptide and genetic variation in eight glutaric acidemia type II (GA II) patients with electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) deficiency. As measured by 3H-fatty acid oxidations in fibroblasts, beta-oxidation pathway flux correlated well with clinical phenotypes. In six patients with severe neonatal onset GA II, oxidation of [9,10(n)-3H]-palmitate ranged from 2% to 22% of control and of [9,10(n)-3H]myristate, from 2% to 26% of control. Of two patients with late onset GA II, one had intermediate residual activities with these substrates and the other normal activities. Radiolabeling and immunoprecipitation studies revealed that three of the six neonatal onset GA II patients had greatly diminished or absent alpha- and beta-ETF subunits, consistent with a failure to assemble a stable heterodimer. Another neonatal onset patient showed normal synthesis of beta-ETF but decreased synthesis of alpha-ETF. Two neonatal onset and two late onset GA II patients showed normal synthesis of both subunits. Analysis of the pre-alpha-ETF coding sequence revealed seven different mutations in the six patients with neonatal onset GA II. The most common mutation was a methionine for threonine substitution at codon 266 found in four unrelated patients, while all the other mutations were seen in single patients. No mutations were detected in the two patients with late onset GA II.
Physician Compliance with Guidelines
Authors: Betty C. Jung
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996Physician Compliance with GuidelinesBetty C. Jung, RN, MPHBetty C. Jung, RN, MPHGuilford, CT 06437Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Ellrodt and colleagues' paper [1] highlights the difficulty physicians have with guidelines. However, “noncompliance” may not be an appropriate term to define physician response. Such findings as the high rate (42%) of misclassification and the lack of agreement among independent reviewers over medical appropriateness in records reviewed suggest differences in guideline interpretation.Although Ellrodt and colleagues reported a similar distribution of physician mix between those who did and did not discharge appropriately, they did not indicate how these physicians compare with those in their respective specialties (for example, the percentages of compliant and noncompliant cardiologists). Were internists ...References1. Ellrodt AG, Conner L, Riedinger M, Weingarten S. Measuring and improving physician compliance with clinical practice guidelines. A controlled interventional trial. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:277-82. Google Scholar2. Ayanian JZ, Hauptman PJ, Guadagnoli E, Antman EM, Pashos CL, McNeil BJ. Knowledge and practices of generalist and specialist physicians regarding drug therapy for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1994; 331:1136-42. Google Scholar3. Kassirer JP. Access to specialty care. N Engl J Med. 1994; 331:1152-3. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Guilford, CT 06437 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 77-78KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionBehaviorHealth careHealth care qualityPerceptionTreatment guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical conditions associated with venous leg ulcers
Authors: D.J. Margolis, J. Knauss, W. Bilker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background In patients who have a venous leg ulcer, very little is known about the frequency of their concomitant medical conditions. Objectives To evaluate the frequency that other medical conditions are associated with a new venous leg ulcer. Methods We studied a 10% random sample of elderly patients registered in the General Practice Research Database between 1988 and 1996. We describe the frequency of medical conditions using simple percentages. In order to assess the associations between medical conditions and the onset of a venous leg ulcer, we used logistic regression models. Results Several medical conditions occur commonly in patients who develop venous leg ulcers, including anaemia, angina, asthma, cellulitis of the lower extremity, depression, diabetes, limb oedema, hypertension, osteoarthritis, pneumonia and urinary tract infection. After statistical adjustment many medical conditions were significantly associated with those who had recent onset of a venous leg ulcer, including asthma, cellulitis of the lower extremity, congestive heart failure, diabetes, deep venous thrombosis, lower limb oedema, osteoarthritis, peripheral vascular arterial disease of the lower extremity, rheumatoid arthritis, history of hip surgery, and history of venous surgery/ligation. Unexpectedly, some illnesses were inversely associated with those that had recent onset of a venous leg ulcer, including angina, cerebral vascular accident, depression, malignancy, myocardial infarction, pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Conclusions Physicians caring for individuals with venous leg ulcers need to be aware that it is likely that these individuals may have one of the comorbid illnesses listed above.
Deficiency of protein C in congenital thrombotic disease.
Authors: J H Griffin, B Evatt, T S Zimmerman, A J Kleiss, C Wideman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

A family with a history of recurring thrombosis was studied to determine if a plasma protein deficiency could account for the observed disease. Protein C levels in plasma were determined immunologically using the Laurell rocket technique. The propositus, his father, and his paternal uncle, who are severely affected, had 38-49% of normal levels of protein C antigen, whereas unaffected family members had normal levels. There was no familial deficiency of antithrombin III and plasminogen. Because activated protein C is a potent in vitro anticoagulant enzyme and an in vivo profibrinolytic agent, it is suggested that the recurrent thrombotic disease in this family is due to an inherited deficiency in protein C.