tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increase of HLA-DRB1*0408 and -DQB1*0301 in HLA-B27 positive reactive arthritis
Authors: J. Tuokko, H. Reijonen, J. Ilonen, K. Anttila, S. Nikkari, T. Mottonen, U. Yli-Kerttula, A. Toivanen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers to the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) are typically lower than its counterpart egg-based inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). Similar comparisons have not been made between LAIV4 and the 4-strain, cell-culture inactivated influenza vaccine (ccIIV4). We compared healthy children and young adult HAI titers against the 2019-2020 LAIV4 and ccIIV4. <h3>Methods</h3> Participants aged 4-21 years were randomized 1:1 to receive ccIIV4 (n =100) or LAIV4 (n=98). Blood was drawn prevaccination and on day 28 (21-35) post vaccination. HAI assays against egg-grown A/H1N1, A/H3N2, both vaccine B strains and cell-grown A/H3N2 antigens were conducted. Outcomes were geometric mean titers (GMT) and geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in titers. <h3>Results</h3> GMTs to A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B/Victoria increased following both ccIIV and LAIV and to B/Yamagata following ccIIV (p&lt;0.05). The GMFR range was 2.4-3.0 times higher for ccIIV4 than for LAIV4 (p&lt;0.001). Within vaccine types, egg-grown A/H3N2 GMTs were higher (p&lt;0.05) than cell-grown GMTs [ccIIV4 day 28: egg=205 (95% CI: 178-237); cell=136 (95% CI:113-165); LAIV4 day 28: egg=96 (95% CI: 83-112); cell=63 (95% CI: 58-74)]. The GMFR to A/H3N2 cell-grown and egg-grown antigens were similar. Pre-vaccination titers inversely predicted GMFR. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The HAI response to ccIIV4 was greater than LAIV4 in this study of mostly older children, and day 0 HAI titers inversely predicted GMFR for both vaccines. For both vaccines, the A/H3N2 cell-grown antigen levels were lower than egg-grown, but the GMFR for cell-grown and egg-grown did not differ significantly within vaccine type. <h3>Clinical Trials No</h3> NCT03982069
A Prospective Study of Patients with Lung Cancer and Hyponatremia of Malignancy
Authors: BRUCE E. JOHNSON, JOHN P. CHUTE, JEANNE RUSHIN, JOHN WILLIAMS, PHUONG TRAM LE, DAVID VENZON, GARY E. RICHARDSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

This study was undertaken to define the impact of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on sodium homeostasis in patients with lung cancer. Patients had their serum and urine electrolytes and osmolality determined before and after a saline infusion of 500 ml. The plasma hormones, AVP, ANP, plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II, and aldosterone were determined by radioimmunoassay every 15 min before, during and after the saline infusion. Fifty patients, 31 with small cell lung cancer and 19 with non-small cell lung cancer participated in this trial. All 11 patients (10 patients with small cell lung cancer and one patient with non-small cell lung cancer) who presented with hyponatremia had inappropriately elevated levels of AVP. Elevated plasma AVP levels were highly correlated with the presence of hyponatremia (p < 0.00001). Initial plasma ANP levels were not associated with hyponatremia (p = 0.73). Urinary sodium concentration increased during the saline infusion proportional to the initial plasma level of ANP (p = 0.0045). AVP appears to be elevated in nearly all patients with hyponatremia of malignancy. ANP plasma levels in patients with lung cancer are associated with the ability to excrete a sodium load but do not appear to downregulate renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone production.
Risk-Adapted Salvage Treatment With Single or Tandem Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for First Relapse/Refractory Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Results of the Prospective Multicenter H96 Trial by the GELA/SFGM Study Group
Authors: Franck Morschhauser, Pauline Brice, Christophe Fermé, Marine Diviné, Gilles Salles, Reda Bouabdallah, Catherine Sebban, Laurent Voillat, Olivier Casasnovas, Aspasia Stamatoullas, Krimo Bouabdallah, Marc André, Jean-Philippe Jais, Dominique Cazals-Hatem, Christian Gisselbrecht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

A prospective multicenter trial evaluated a risk-adapted salvage treatment with single or tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) for 245 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients who experience treatment failure with first-line therapy.Poor-risk patients (150 with primary refractory disease or > or = two of the following risk factors at first relapse: time to relapse < 12 months, stage III or IV at relapse, and relapse within previously irradiated sites) or intermediate-risk patients (95 with one risk factor at relapse) were eligible for tandem or single ASCT, respectively.Among poor-risk patients, 105 (70%), including 30 of 55 with cytoreductive chemotherapy-resistant disease, received tandem ASCT, whereas 92 intermediate-risk patients (97%) received single ASCT. According to intent-to-treat analysis, the 5-year freedom from second failure and overall survival (OS) estimates were 73% and 85%, respectively, for the intermediate-risk group and 46% and 57%, respectively, for the poor-risk group. Outcomes were similar for primary refractory and poor-risk/relapsed HL. For patients with chemotherapy-resistant disease, the 46% 5-year OS rate achieved with tandem ASCT compares favorably with the previously reported 30%. Outcomes for partial and complete responders to cytoreduction receiving tandem ASCT did not differ significantly and were better than those previously reported for partial responders receiving single ASCT, but not superior to those reported for complete responders receiving single ASCT. Six poor-risk patients (4%) died from toxicity.Single ASCT is appropriate for intermediate-risk patients. For poor-risk patients, our results suggest a benefit of tandem ASCT for half of the patients with chemotherapy-resistant disease and partial responders, but not for complete responders to cytoreductive chemotherapy.
Targeting androgen receptor in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells leads to better transplantation therapy efficacy in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Chiung-Kuei Huang, Soo Ok Lee, Kuo-Pao Lai, Wen-Lung Ma, Tzu-Hua Lin, Meng-Yin Tsai, Jie Luo, Chawnshang Chang
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Abstract Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) has been considered as an alternative therapy, replacing liver transplantation in clinical trials, to treat liver cirrhosis, an irreversible disease that may eventually lead to liver cancer development. However, low survival rate of the BM-MSCs leading to unsatisfactory efficacy remains a major concern. Gender differences have been suggested in BM-MSCs therapeutic application, but the effect of the androgen receptor (AR), a key factor in male sexual phenotype, in this application is not clear. Using two liver cirrhosis mouse models induced by CCl4 or thioacetamide, we showed that targeting AR in the BM-MSCs improved their self-renewal and migration potentials and increased paracrine effects to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions to enhance liver repair. Mechanism dissection studies suggested that knocking out AR in BM-MSCs led to improved self-renewal and migration by alteration of the signaling of epidermal growth factor receptor and matrix metalloproteinase 9 and resulted in suppression of infiltrating macrophages and hepatic stellate cell activation through modulation of interleukin (IL)1R/IL1Ra signaling. Therapeutic approaches using either AR/small interfering RNA or the AR degradation enhancer, ASC-J9®, to target AR in BM-MSCs all led to increased efficacy for liver repair. Conclusion : Targeting AR, a key factor in male sexual phenotype, in BM-MSCs improves transplantation therapeutic efficacy for treating liver fibrosis.
Impact of a Preconception Counseling Program for Teens With Type 1 Diabetes (READY-Girls) on Patient-Provider Interaction, Resource Utilization, and Cost
Authors: Andrea F. Rodgers Fischl, William H. Herman, Susan M. Sereika, Margaret Hannan, Dorothy Becker, M. Joan Mansfield, Linda L. Freytag, Kerry Milaszewski, Amanda N. Botscheller, Denise Charron-Prochownik
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a preconception counseling program tailored for teens with type 1 diabetes on cognitive, psychosocial, and behavioral outcomes and to assess its cost-effectiveness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 88 teens with type 1 diabetes from two sites were randomized into the READY-Girls (Reproductive-health Education and Awareness of Diabetes in Youth for Girls) intervention (IG) (n = 43) or standard care (SC) (n = 45) groups. During three diabetes clinic visits, IG subjects viewed a two-part CD-ROM, read a book, and met with a nurse. Program effectiveness was measured by knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors regarding diabetes, pregnancy, sexuality, and preconception counseling. Assessments occurred at baseline, before and after viewing program materials, and at 9 months. Economic analyses included an assessment of resource utilization, direct medical costs, and a break-even cost analysis. RESULTS Age range was 13.2–19.7 years (mean ± SD 16.7 ± 1.7 years); 6% (n = 5) were African American, and 24% (n = 21) were sexually active. Compared with baseline and SC subjects, IG subjects demonstrated a significant group-by-time interaction for benefit and knowledge of preconception counseling and reproductive health: increasing immediately after the first visit (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and being sustained for 9 months (P &amp;lt; 0.05 benefits; P &amp;lt; 0.001 knowledge). For IG subjects, preconception counseling barriers decreased over time (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and intention and initiation of preconception counseling and reproductive health discussions increased (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Costs of adverse reproductive outcomes are high. Direct medical costs of READY-Girls were low. CONCLUSIONS READY-Girls was beneficial and effects were sustained for at least 9 months. This low-cost self-instructional program can potentially empower young women with type 1 diabetes to make well-informed reproductive health choices, adding little time burden or cost to their diabetes management.
Factors that predict bleeding following endoscopic mucosal resection of large colonic lesions
Authors: A. Metz, M. Bourke, A. Moss, S. Williams, M. Swan, K. Byth
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and study aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for large colonic laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) is a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective treatment. The most common serious complication is delayed bleeding, which reduces these advantages, but consensus guidelines for large-polyp EMR do not exist.
Type 1 Parathyroid Hormone Receptor Expression Level Modulates Renal Tone and Plasma Renin Activity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Authors: Thierry Massfelder, Nathalie Taesch, Samuel Fritsch, Anne Eichinger, Mariette Barthelmebs, Andrew F. Stewart, Jean-Jacques Helwig
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

These studies examine whether PTHrP(1-36), a vasodilator, modulates BP and renal vascular resistance (RVR) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Within the kidney of normotensive rats, PTHrP(1-36) was enriched in vessels. In vessels of SHR, PTHrP was upregulated by 40% and type 1 PTH receptor (PTH1R) was downregulated by 65% compared with normotensive rats. To investigate the role of endogenous PTHrP in the regulation of BP and RVR, SHR were subjected to somatic human (h)PTH1R gene delivery. Three weeks after a single intravenous injection of pcDNA1.1 plasmid containing the hPTH1R gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter, hPTH1R mRNA was detected in all of the main organs. Within the kidney, the transgene was enriched in vessels. In the isolated perfused kidney, RVR was reduced by 23% and PTHrP(1-36)-induced vasodilation, which is depressed in SHR, was restored and a vasoconstrictory response to PTH(3-34), a PTH1R antagonist, was revealed. These effects were not observed in control SHR treated with empty plasmid. BP remained unchanged, and plasma renin activity increased by 60%. Thus, in SHR renal vessels, a reduced number of PTH1R contributes to the high RVR, despite the higher expression of vasodilatory PTHrP. Moreover, these studies provide evidence for a direct link between the density of PTH1R and plasma renin activity, which might be responsible for the absence of effect of PTH1R gene delivery on BP in SHR. Overall, PTHrP significantly contributes to the homeostasis of renal and systemic hemodynamics in SHR.
Carcinogenicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields
Authors: Robert Baan, Yann Grosse, Béatrice Lauby-Secretan, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Véronique Bouvard, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Neela Guha, Farhad Islami, Laurent Galichet, Kurt Straif
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2011)
Genome Rearrangement Distances and Gene Order Phylogeny in γ-Proteobacteria
Authors: Eugeni Belda, Andrés Moya, Francisco J. Silva
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Genome rearrangements have been studied in 30 γ-proteobacterial complete genomes by comparing the order of a reduced set of genes on the chromosome. This set included those genes fulfilling several characteristics, the main ones being that an ortholog was present in every genome and that none of them had been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Genome rearrangement distances were estimated based on either the number of breakpoints or the minimal number of inversions separating two genomes. Breakpoint and inversion distances were highly correlated, indicating that inversions were the main type of rearrangement event in γ-Proteobacteria. In general, the progressive increase in sequence-based distances between genome pairs was associated with the increase in their rearrangement-based distances but with several groups of distances not following this pattern. Compared with free-living enteric bacteria, the lineages of Pasteurellaceae were evolving, on average, to relatively higher rates of between 2.02 and 1.64, while the endosymbiotic bacterial lineages of Buchnera aphidicola and Wigglesworthia glossinidia were evolving at moderately higher rates of 1.38 and 1.35, respectively. Because we know that the rearrangement rate in the Bu. aphidicola lineage was close to zero during the last 100–150 Myr of evolution, we deduced that a much higher rate took place in the first period of lineage evolution after the divergence of the Escherichia coli lineage. On the other hand, the lineage of the endosymbiont Blochmannia floridanus did present an almost identical rate to free-living enteric bacteria, indicating that the increase in the genome rearrangement rate is not a general change associated with bacterial endosymbiosis. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on rearrangement distances showed a different topology from the one inferred by sequence information. This topology broke the proposed monophyly of the three endosymbiotic lineages and placed Bl. floridanus as a closer relative to E. coli than Yersinia pestis. These results indicate that the phylogeny of these insect endosymbionts is still an open question that will require the development of specific phylogenetic methods to confirm whether the sisterhood of the three endosymbiotic lineages is real or a consequence of a long-branch attraction phenomenon.
Papillomavirus E5: the smallest oncoprotein with many functions
Authors: Aldo Venuti, Francesca Paolini, Lubna Nasir, Annunziata Corteggio, Sante Roperto, Maria S Campo, Giuseppe Borzacchiello
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2011)

Abstract Papillomaviruses (PVs) are established agents of human and animal cancers. They infect cutaneous and mucous epithelia. High Risk (HR) Human PVs (HPVs) are consistently associated with cancer of the uterine cervix, but are also involved in the etiopathogenesis of other cancer types. The early oncoproteins of PVs: E5, E6 and E7 are known to contribute to tumour progression. While the oncogenic activities of E6 and E7 are well characterised, the role of E5 is still rather nebulous. The widespread causal association of PVs with cancer makes their study worthwhile not only in humans but also in animal model systems. The Bovine PV (BPV) system has been the most useful animal model in understanding the oncogenic potential of PVs due to the pivotal role of its E5 oncoprotein in cell transformation. This review will highlight the differences between HPV-16 E5 (16E5) and E5 from other PVs, primarily from BPV. It will discuss the targeting of E5 as a possible therapeutic agent.
Pulsing Electromagnetic Field Treatment in Ununited Fractures and Failed Arthrodeses
Authors: C. Andrew L. Bassett
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) induce weak electric currents in bone by external coils on casts or skin. This surgically noninvasive, outpatient method, approved by the Food and Drug Administration in November 1979, produced confirmed end results in 1,007 ununited fractures and 71 failed arthrodeses, worldwide. Overall success at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center was 81%; internationally, 79%; and in other patients in the United States, 76%. Treatment with PEMFs was effective in 75% of 332 patients (a subset) with an average 4.7-year disability duration, an average of 3.4 previous operative failures to produce union, and a 35% rate of infection. Eighty-four percent of carpal naviculars and 82% of femoral neck-trochanteric nonunions were united. After attempted arthrodeses could not salvage a failed total-knee prosthesis, PEMFs promoted healing in 85% of patients. When coils were unsuccessful alone, combining them with surgical repair was effective. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:623-628)
Detection and monitoring of serum p53 antibodies in patients with colorectal cancer.
Authors: P Hammel, B Boissier, M T Chaumette, P Piedbois, N Rotman, J C Kouyoumdjian, R Lubin, J C Delchier, T Soussi
Journal: Gut (1997)

Detection of p53 antibodies in serum might be an effective indirect procedure to detect alterations of the p53 gene.To assess the prevalence and the variation under treatment of p53 antibodies in patients with colorectal cancer.Fifty four patients with colorectal cancer (26 men and 28 women, mean age 65, range 33-90 years) and 24 patients with non-malignant digestive disease were tested for p53 antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and for the carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19.9. Immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein tumour overexpression was performed in 38 cases.Fourteen patients (26%) with colorectal cancer but none of those with non-malignant disease displayed p53 antibodies. Overexpression of p53 was shown by immunohistochemistry in 22 patients (58%), 10 of whom also had p53 antibodies. The antibodies were present in four patients with high carcinoembryonic antigen and three patients with high carbohydrate antigen 19.9 concentrations, but also in 10 patients (33.3%) with normal values of these markers. The ratio of p53 antibodies decreased in 11 of 13 patients after tumour resection. In two patients variations in p53 ratio strongly correlated with tumour relapse or progression.Testing for serum p53 antibodies constitutes a useful technique for assessing alterations in p53 and may help physicians to follow up patients with colorectal cancer.
Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 Regulates Oral Tolerance Induction by Inhibition of T Helper Cell 1–related Cytokines
Authors: William J. Karpus, Kevin J. Kennedy, Steven L. Kunkel, Nicholas W. Lukacs
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a T cell–mediated autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis. Antigen-specific tolerance regimens, including oral tolerance, have been used prophylactically to prevent development of acute EAE as well as a number of other autoimmune diseases. Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the immunologic basis for disease inhibition: bystander immune suppression and clonal anergy/deletion. This report demonstrates a novel mechanism for monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 as a regulatory factor of oral tolerance. Oral administration of proteolipid protein peptide (PLP139–151) increased MCP-1 expression in the intestinal mucosa, Peyer's patch, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Increase in MCP-1 expression resulted in downregulation of mucosal interleukin (IL)-12 expression with concomitant increase in mucosal IL-4 expression. Functionally, MCP-1 upregulation was shown to regulate oral tolerance induction by the ability of antibodies to MCP-1 to inhibit tolerance induction. The anti–MCP-1 abrogation of oral tolerance induction also resulted in restoration of mucosal IL-12 expression as well as peripheral antigen-specific T helper cell 1 responses. These results demonstrate a novel and important role for MCP-1 in the regulation or oral tolerance for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune disease.
Antineoplastic effect of iodine in mammary cancer: participation of 6-iodolactone (6-IL) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)
Authors: Carmen Aceves, Pablo García-Solís, Omar Arroyo-Helguera, Laura Vega-Riveroll, Guadalupe Delgado, Brenda Anguiano
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2009)

Studies in mammary cancer demonstrated that moderately high concentrations of molecular iodine (I2) have a antiproliferative and apoptotic effect either in vivo as in vitro, however the cellular intermediated involved in these effects has not been elucidated. Virgin Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with methyl-nitrosourea (MNU: single dose ip, 50 mg/Kg bw) and the participation of arachidonic acid (AA) and PPAR receptors in the antineoplasic effect of I2 where analyzed. I2-treated rats for four weeks exhibited a significant reduction in the incidence (62.5 vs. 100%) and size (0.87 ± 0.98 vs 1.96 ± 1.5 cm3) of mammary tumors. HPLC analysis showed that tumoral but not normal mammary tissue contained an elevated basal concentration of AA and significantly more AA-iodinated called 6-iodolactone (6-IL) after chronic I2 treatment. Tumors from I2-treated rats showed fewer cells positive to proliferating cell nuclear antigen, lower blood vessel density, as well as decreases in vascular endothelial growth factor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and PPAR type alpha (PPARα). These same tumors showed increases in the cell death markers, TUNEL-positive cells (p < 0.05) and the enzyme caspase-3 (trend), as well as significant induction of PPAR type gamma (PPARγ). Together, these data demonstrate that the antineoplasic effect of iodine involves 6-IL formation and PPARγ induction.
New Challenges for Telephone Survey Research in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Angela M. Kempf, Patrick L. Remington
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2006)

Telephone surveys are critical for examining cross-sectional characteristics of population subgroups, tracking trends in prevalence of conditions and risk behaviors over time, identifying risk factors associated with multiple health conditions, and assessing the effects of interventions. Technology has aided telephone research through advances such as computer-assisted telephone interviewing. However, technology such as answering machines and caller ID has contributed to declines in response rates and has increased costs of conducting telephone surveys. The exponential increase in cell phone utilization presents a challenge to the tradition of random digit dial (RDD) surveys of households. Because telephone surveys are used by other industries such as marketing and public opinion polling, the marketplace may help drive innovation and adaptation. Cell phones have made telephone communication an even greater part of the everyday culture and could make potential telephone survey respondents even more accessible to public health researchers.