tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perspectives From Before and After the Pediatric to Adult Care Transition: A Mixed-Methods Study in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Marisa E. Hilliard, Jessamyn G. Perlus, Loretta M. Clark, Denise L. Haynie, Leslie P. Plotnick, Ines Guttmann-Bauman, Ronald J. Iannotti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE Among the many milestones of adolescence and young adulthood, transferring from pediatric to adult care is a significant transition for those with type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to understand the concerns, expectations, preferences, and experiences of pretransition adolescents and parents and posttransition young adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants completed questionnaires and responded to open-ended qualitative questions regarding self-management, self-efficacy, and their expectations and experiences with pediatric and adult care providers across the transition process. RESULTS At a mean age of 16.1 years, most pretransition adolescents had not yet discussed transferring care with their parents or doctors. Although many posttransition young adults reported positive, supportive interactions, several described challenges locating or establishing a relationship with an adult diabetes care provider. Qualitative themes emerged related to the anticipated timing of transfer, early preparation for transition, the desire for developmentally appropriate interactions with providers, the maintenance of family and social support, and strategies for coordinating care between pediatric and adult care providers. CONCLUSIONS Standardizing transition preparation programs in pediatric care and introducing transition-oriented clinics for late adolescents and young adults prior to adult care may help address patients’ preferences and common transfer-related challenges.
Acitretin-induced myopathy
Authors: R.K. Lister, B.R.F. Lecky, M.S. Lewis-Jones, C.A. Young
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Acitretin‐induced myopathy Get access R.K. Lister, R.K. Lister The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E11 BB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.R.F. Lecky, B.R.F. Lecky Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool L9 1AE. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.S. Lewis‐Jones, M.S. Lewis‐Jones Department of Dermatology, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, LL13 7TD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A. Young C.A. Young Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool L9 1AE. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 5, 1 May 1996, Pages 989–990, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06350.x Published: 01 May 1996
SREBP-1 Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced TGF-β1 Upregulation and Glomerular Fibrosis
Authors: Tony N. Wang, Xing Chen, Renzhong Li, Bo Gao, Zahraa Mohammed-Ali, Chao Lu, Victoria Yum, Jeffrey G. Dickhout, Joan C. Krepinsky
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2014)

Angiotensin II is an important mediator of CKD of diverse etiology. A common pathologic feature of CKD is glomerular fibrosis, a central mediator of which is the profibrotic cytokine TGF- β . The mechanisms underlying the induction of TGF- β and matrix by angiotensin II are not completely understood. Recent studies showed that overexpression of the transcription factor SREBP-1 induces glomerular sclerosis and that angiotensin II can activate SREBP-1 in tubular cells. We thus studied whether SREBP-1 is activated by angiotensin II and mediates angiotensin II–induced profibrogenic responses in primary rat mesangial cells. Treatment of cells with angiotensin II induced the upregulation and activation of SREBP-1. Angiotensin II–induced activation of SREBP-1 required signaling through the angiotensin II type I receptor and activation of PI3K/Akt in addition to the chaperone SCAP and protease S1P. Notably, angiotensin II-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress was identified as a key mediator of Akt-SREBP-1 activation, and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress or SREBP-1 prevented angiotensin II–induced SREBP-1 binding to the TGF- β promoter, TGF- β upregulation, and downstream fibronectin upregulation. Endoplasmic reticulum stress alone, however, did not induce TGF- β upregulation despite activating SREBP-1. Although not required for SREBP-1 activation by angiotensin II, EGF receptor signaling was necessary for activation of the SREBP-1 cotranscription factor Sp1, which provided a required second signal for TGF- β upregulation. In vivo , endoplasmic reticulum stress and SREBP-1-dependent effects were induced in glomeruli of angiotensin II-infused mice, and administration of the SREBP inhibitor fatostatin prevented angiotensin II–induced TGF- β upregulation and matrix accumulation. SREBP-1 and endoplasmic reticulum stress thus provide potential novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of CKD.
Anti-apoE immunotherapy inhibits amyloid accumulation in a transgenic mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis
Authors: Jungsu Kim, Adam E.M. Eltorai, Hong Jiang, Fan Liao, Philip B. Verghese, Jaekwang Kim, Floy R. Stewart, Jacob M. Basak, David M. Holtzman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2012)

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The influence of apoE on amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation may be the major mechanism by which apoE affects AD. ApoE interacts with Aβ and facilitates Aβ fibrillogenesis in vitro. In addition, apoE is one of the protein components in plaques. We hypothesized that certain anti-apoE antibodies, similar to certain anti-Aβ antibodies, may have antiamyloidogenic effects by binding to apoE in the plaques and activating microglia-mediated amyloid clearance. To test this hypothesis, we developed several monoclonal anti-apoE antibodies. Among them, we administered HJ6.3 antibody intraperitoneally to 4-mo-old male APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice weekly for 14 wk. HJ6.3 dramatically decreased amyloid deposition by 60–80% and significantly reduced insoluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels. Short-term treatment with HJ6.3 resulted in strong changes in microglial responses around Aβ plaques. Collectively, these results suggest that anti-apoE immunization may represent a novel AD therapeutic strategy and that other proteins involved in Aβ binding and aggregation might also be a target for immunotherapy. Our data also have important broader implications for other amyloidosis. Immunotherapy to proteins tightly associated with misfolded proteins might open up a new treatment option for many protein misfolding diseases.
MRI as a central component of clinical trials analysis in brainstem glioma: a report from the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC)
Authors: T. Y. Poussaint, M. Kocak, S. Vajapeyam, R. I. Packer, R. L. Robertson, R. Geyer, D. Haas-Kogan, I. F. Pollack, G. Vezina, R. Zimmerman, S. Cha, Z. Patay, J. M. Boyett, L. E. Kun
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

We report MRI findings from 2 pediatric clinical trials of diffuse intrinsic brainstem glioma (BSG) incorporating concurrent radiation therapy (RT) with molecularly targeted agents (gefitinib and tipifarnib). We determined associations of MRI variables with progression-free survival and overall survival and investigated effects of treatment on these variables.
Exercise-induced airway obstruction in relation to chronic obstructive lung disease
Authors: F. Gimeno, W. Chr. Berg, E. J. Steenhuis, K. de Vries, R. Peset, H. J. Sluiter
Journal: Thorax (1974)

<b>Gimeno, F., Berg, W. Chr., Steenhuis, E. J., de Vries, K., Peset, R., and Sluiter, H. J. (1974).</b><i>Thorax,</i><b>29,</b> 16-20. <b>Exercise-induced airway obstruction in relation to chronic obstructive lung disease.</b> Forty-two patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and clinically suspected exercise-induced airway obstruction were studied to ascertain whether those with proven exercise-induced airway obstruction had specific distinguishing features. Exercise-induced airway obstruction (defined as a fall of FEV<sub>1</sub> of at least 10% of the pre-exercise values) was detected in 20 of the 42 patients. These 20 were found to have a lower elastic recoil but were otherwise identical with the remainder as regards clinical and physiological abnormality. It is postulated that exercise-induced airway obstruction can be a manifestation of chronic obstructive lung disease.
Sample taking problems in measuring actual histamine levels of human gastroduodenal mucosa: specific and general relevance in clinical trials on peptic ulcer pathogenesis and selective proximal vagotomy.
Authors: K P Thon, W Lorenz, C Ohmann, D Weber, H Rohde, H D Roher
Journal: Gut (1985)

Changes in histamine storage in the oxyntic mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients and their reversal by vagotomy and the histamine H2-antagonist cimetidine supported the hypothesis that histamine could be a causal factor in peptic ulcer pathogenesis. The specificity of these findings was impaired by problems in biopsy taking, however, and in the preparative steps before measuring the actual histamine contents in all parts of the gastric mucosa and in the duodenum. A prospective trial was carried out in 190 patients to identify these sources of bias and to overcome them by appropriate study designs. Usually a direct correlation was found between weight of biopsy and mucosal histamine content. This problem was solved by selecting a biopsy forceps producing smaller variations in sample size, by limiting the time of cold ischaemia to four to five minutes only and by taking three biopsy specimens for each single histamine value. The actual histamine content of mucosal biopsies remained constant for about four to five minutes only. The 9disappearance9 rate was faster in control subjects than in duodenal ulcer patients. Hence by variation of the cold ischaemia time any artefacts of differences between mucosal histamine levels in controls and duodenal ulcer patients could be produced. Using the optimised sample taking procedure mucosal histamine contents of several gastric regions and the duodenal bulb were measured in 24 patients with duodenal ulcer, after selective proximal vagotomy without drainage and in control subjects without any stomach disease (randomised controlled trial). The histamine content was lower in all parts of the upper gastrointestinal tract in duodenal ulcer patients than in controls and was raised again in all regions after selective proximal vagotomy. As the most likely hypothesis it is suggested that vagal reflexes with afferent fibres coming from the oxyntic mucosa stimulate histamine release in duodenal ulcer patients by efferent peptidergic neurones to all parts of the stomach and the duodenum where the ulcer lesion is situated.
Effect of Soya and Cellulose Fibers on Postprandial Glycemic Response in Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Maria C Librenti, Massimo Cocchi, Emanuela Orsi, Guido Pozza, Piero Micossi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective We studied the effect on serum glucose and insulin of a preprandial ingestion of 7 g of soya fibers or of an equal amount of purified cellulose on eight non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetic patients. Research Design and Methods Four tests were conducted in each patient in random order. In the first study, soya or cellulose was ingested before a standard breakfast, and postprandial glucose and insulin curves were determined. In the second study, intestinal absorption was investigated by means of a standard D-xylose absorption excretion test after the ingestion of soya or cellulose. Results Insulin profiles did not differ between the two treatments. The glycemic profiles after soya ingestion were lower than those after cellulose ingestion. The area under the glucose curve and glucose peaks were significantly higher after cellulose ingestion (area under the curve 20.2 ± 3.88 vs. 15.57 ± 4.42 mM × min, P = .05; glucose peaks 4.97 ± 0.76 vs. 3.77 ± 0.77 mM, P &amp;lt; 0.02). The xylose tests were in the normal range, indicating that there was no interference with exose absorption, and no statistical difference was found between cellulose and soya treatment. Conclusions It is concluded that soya fiber compared with purified cellulose has a favorable effect on the rise of postprandial glycemia in type II diabetic patients; moreover, the use of soya fibers did not carry any untoward side effect.
Admissions into the Treatment System
Authors: WALTER E. BARTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

One may be admitted to the health care services of the U.S.S.R. through the polyclinics, the emergency service, the school health services, or the occupational health services. In this description of how the components operate and interact, the author notes that he was particularly impressed with the system of handling emergencies, which he feels is deserving of serious study for its possible application in the U.S.
A Clinical Lecture ON SOME POINTS IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF SCARLET FEVER, GERMAN MEASLES, AND MEASLES: Delivered at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street
Authors: F. J. Poynton
Journal: BMJ (1905)

A DElMONSTRATION on the pubject of infectious diseases no means easy to undertake in a children 's hospital.not possible to show you examples of them brought the purpose, and it is at best a very difficult prohlem, one in no way suited to dogmatic assertion.lectnre must for these reasons lack definition, and.further, no pretensions to throw new light upon the which it deals.On the otherband, it is very neeessary .eontinuallyrefreshing our memories of even ailments, and the infectious diseases are not so often taken by the general physician as are some ailments of childhood.The group that I have chosen comprises searlet fever; rubella, or German measles; and measles.It is diagnosis of these dieeases with which I shall be principally occupied, although, without hesitation, I shall touch upon some points which will help to keep in prominence practical importance of our subject.Indeed, the Easter innumerable schools perennially reminds us portance.aThese are diseases which force us from that reffug the doctor-a maze of words-andpin us down as a butte) fly is impaled upon a piece of cork.A mistake, nevertheless, in either direetion may of considerable damage tothe patients, the institutions, ourselves, anid yet it is difficult to keep a celar sonal reputation and outside pr.ssure frorn authorities are, we know well enough, real difficulties whieh are not emphasized in the textbooks.It is, fact pleasant to allow someone else to put the than to put it on oneself. We all see clearly enough why the subjetIt is chiefly because we are ignorant of the these infectious fevers, and so weare drivpn baek -clinical symptoms, and npon standard types which upon a study of these symptoms.Unfortunately like castles built upon the sand, these standard be swept away by some wavp of epidemic unusual eithpr itsseverity or nature, and then with the loss type we get into difficu'ties.Let us, for example, take scarlef fever.1799 Bretonneau, a teacher of the illustrious Trousseau.met with a single fatal case of the disease,and, naturally enough, he taught that it was not a serious malady.1824, two years laer, he looked upon it as typhus .6holera.What a change in a standard meant !Now in England to-day how doee the matter stand -every direction we hear that scarlet fever type, and is now almost a trivial ailment.Thirty ever, the story was a different one.Although the causation of these diseases is so obscure, -a uubect which has been steadily looked r-eent years.
Secreted Frizzle-Related Protein 2 Stimulates Angiogenesis via a Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Andrew Courtwright, Sharareh Siamakpour-Reihani, Jack L. Arbiser, Natalie Banet, Eleanor Hilliard, Levi Fried, Chad Livasy, David Ketelsen, Desh Bandhu Nepal, Charles M. Perou, Cam Patterson, Nancy Klauber-DeMore
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Secreted frizzle-related protein 2 (SFRP2), a modulator of Wnt signaling, has recently been found to be overexpressed in the vasculature of 85% of human breast tumors; however, its role in angiogenesis is unknown. We found that SFRP2 induced angiogenesis in the mouse Matrigel plug assay and the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. SFRP2 inhibited hypoxia induced endothelial cell apoptosis, increased endothelial cell migration, and induced endothelial tube formation. The canonical Wnt pathway was not affected by SFRP2 in endothelial cells; however, a component of the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway was affected by SFRP2 as shown by an increase in NFATc3 in the nuclear fraction of SFRP2-treated endothelial cells. Tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor that inhibits dephosphorylation of NFAT, inhibited SFRP2-induced endothelial tube formation. Tacrolimus 3 mg/kg/d inhibited the growth of SVR angiosarcoma xenografts in mice by 46% (P = 0.04). In conclusion, SFRP2 is a novel stimulator of angiogenesis that stimulates angiogenesis via a calcineurin/NFAT pathway and may be a favorable target for the inhibition of angiogenesis in solid tumors.
Transgenic and Knockout Models for Studying the Role of Lung Antioxidant Enzymes in Defense against Hyperoxia
Authors: Ye-Shih Ho
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<MnSOD OVEREXPRESSION DOES...MICE DEFICIENT IN CELLULA...DISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Sudden onset of pain in the eye and blurring of vision
Authors: N. R Chopra, D. A Jones, N. Gadi, F. Huwez
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 64 year old man was admitted with sudden onset of pain in his right eye, blurred vision, and double vision on looking to the right. His medical history included hypertension, myocardial infarction, and a stroke from which there was no residual deficit. 

Neurological examination identified intention tremor in both arms, horizontal nystagmus, and diplopia on looking to the right. He had no motor weakness, but the left plantar was extended. Examination of his face provided clues to the diagnosis (figure⇓).





### Short answers:

### Long answer 1: Likely diagnosis 

The figure shows a unilateral partial ptosis, miosis and apparent enophthalmos. Causes of unilateral ptosis include lesions of the third cranial …
Reduced receptor editing in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice
Authors: Jennifer L. Lamoureux, Lisa C. Watson, Marie Cherrier, Patrick Skog, David Nemazee, Ann J. Feeney
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

The initial B cell repertoire contains a considerable proportion of autoreactive specificities. The first major B cell tolerance checkpoint is at the stage of the immature B cell, where receptor editing is the primary mode of eliminating self-reactivity. The cells that emigrate from the bone marrow have a second tolerance checkpoint in the transitional compartment in the spleen. Although it is known that the second checkpoint is defective in lupus, it is not clear whether there is any breakdown in central B cell tolerance in the bone marrow. We demonstrate that receptor editing is less efficient in the lupus-prone strain MRL/lpr. In an in vitro system, when receptor-editing signals are given to bone marrow immature B cells by antiidiotype antibody or after in vivo exposure to membrane-bound self-antigen, MRL/lpr 3-83 transgenic immature B cells undergo less endogenous rearrangement and up-regulate recombination activating gene messenger RNA to a lesser extent than B10 transgenic cells. CD19, along with immunoglobulin M, is down-regulated in the bone marrow upon receptor editing, but the extent of down-regulation is fivefold less in MRL/lpr mice. Less efficient receptor editing could allow some autoreactive cells to escape from the bone marrow in lupus-prone mice, thus predisposing to autoimmunity.
Born to Be Exported: COOH-Terminal Nuclear Export Signals of Different Strength Ensure Cytoplasmic Accumulation of Nucleophosmin Leukemic Mutants
Authors: Niccolò Bolli, Ildo Nicoletti, M. Felicetta De Marco, Barbara Bigerna, Alessandra Pucciarini, Roberta Mannucci, Maria Paola Martelli, Arcangelo Liso, Cristina Mecucci, Francesco Fabbiano, Massimo F. Martelli, Beric R. Henderson, Brunangelo Falini
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Creation of a nuclear export signal (NES) motif and loss of tryptophans (W) 288 and 290 (or 290 only) at the COOH terminus of nucleophosmin (NPM) are both crucial for NPM aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) carrying NPM1 mutations. Hereby, we clarify how these COOH-terminal alterations functionally cooperate to delocalize NPM to the cytoplasm. Using a Rev(1.4)-based shuttling assay, we measured the nuclear export efficiency of six different COOH-terminal NES motifs identified in NPM mutants and found significant strength variability, the strongest NES motifs being associated with NPM mutants retaining W288. When artificially coupled with a weak NES, W288-retaining NPM mutants are not exported efficiently into cytoplasm because the force (W288) driving the mutants toward the nucleolus overwhelms the force (NES) exporting the mutants into cytoplasm. We then used this functional assay to study the physiologic NH2-terminal NES motifs of wild-type NPM and found that they are weak, which explains the prominent nucleolar localization of wild-type NPM. Thus, the opposing balance of forces (tryptophans and NES) seems to determine the subcellular localization of NPM. The fact that W288-retaining mutants always combine with the strongest NES reveals mutational selective pressure toward efficient export into cytoplasm, pointing to this event as critical for leukemogenesis. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6230–7]
Hsp70-Like Protein 1 Fusion Protein Enhances Induction of Carcinoembryonic Antigen–Specific CD8+ CTL Response by Dendritic Cell Vaccine
Authors: Yanfeng Wu, Tao Wan, Xiangyang Zhou, Baomei Wang, Feng Yang, Nan Li, Guoyou Chen, Shengming Dai, Shuxun Liu, Minghui Zhang, Xuetao Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSP) have been revealed to interact with antigen-presenting cells and have potent adjuvant capability to induce antigen-specific CD8+ CTL and Th1 responses. Our previous work shows how Hsp70-like protein 1 (Hsp70L1), as a new member of the Hsp70 subfamily, acts as potent Th1 adjuvant. Here, we report the efficient induction of tumor antigen-specific immune response by dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant fusion protein of Hsp70L1 and CEA576-669 fragment of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) containing CAP-1 (a HLA-A2–restricted CTL epitope). Fusion protein CEA576-669-Hsp70L1 can promote dendritic cell maturation and activate dendritic cells to produce cytokines, such as interleukin-12, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and chemokines, such as macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, and regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted, indicating the adjuvant ability of Hsp70L1 in the fusion protein. CEA-specific HLA-A2.1–restricted CD8+ CTLs either from patients with CEA+/HLA-A2.1+ colon carcinoma or from splenocytes of immunized HLA-A2.1/Kb transgenic mice can be generated more efficiently after stimulations or immunizations with dendritic cells pulsed by CEA576-669-Hsp70L1 than with dendritic cells pulsed by CEA576-669 alone, resulting in secreting more Th1 cytokine IFN-γ and killing target cells more potently in an antigen-specific and HLA-A2.1–restricted manner. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from transgenic mice immunized with CEA576-669-Hsp70L1–pulsed dendritic cells can inhibit tumor growth and prolong survival in nude mice bearing CEA+/HLA-A2.1+ human colon carcinoma more markedly. Therefore, Hsp70L1 has potent adjuvant effect in form of fusion protein, indicating that Hsp70L1 may be widely used as Th1 adjuvant to prepare antigenic fusion protein for the therapeutics of cancer or infectious diseases.