tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Trial of Medical Care Management for Community Mental Health Settings: The Primary Care Access, Referral, and Evaluation (PCARE) Study
Authors: Benjamin G. Druss, Silke A. von Esenwein, Michael T. Compton, Kimberly J. Rask, Liping Zhao, Ruth M. Parker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2009)

Poor quality of healthcare contributes to impaired health and excess mortality in individuals with severe mental disorders. The authors tested a population-based medical care management intervention designed to improve primary medical care in community mental health settings.A total of 407 subjects with severe mental illness at an urban community mental health center were randomly assigned to either the medical care management intervention or usual care. For individuals in the intervention group, care managers provided communication and advocacy with medical providers, health education, and support in overcoming system-level fragmentation and barriers to primary medical care.At a 12-month follow-up evaluation, the intervention group received an average of 58.7% of recommended preventive services compared with a rate of 21.8% in the usual care group. They also received a significantly higher proportion of evidence-based services for cardiometabolic conditions (34.9% versus 27.7%) and were more likely to have a primary care provider (71.2% versus 51.9%). The intervention group showed significant improvement on the SF-36 mental component summary (8.0% [versus a 1.1% decline in the usual care group]) and a nonsignificant improvement on the SF-36 physical component summary. Among subjects with available laboratory data, scores on the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Index were significantly better in the intervention group (6.9%) than the usual care group (9.8%).Medical care management was associated with significant improvements in the quality and outcomes of primary care. These findings suggest that care management is a promising approach for improving medical care for patients treated in community mental health settings.
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase: Another organ‐specific alkaline phosphatase
Authors: Donald M. Miller, Angela Yang, Marcia Liepman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

Abstract We have used enzyme specific inhibitors and heat inactivation to distinguish Leukocyte alkaline phosphate (LAP) from other organ‐specific alkaline phosphatases as well as to compare LAP from normal granulocytes and leukemic cells with elevated LAP. The heat inactivation and inhibition curves of LAP are quite different from those of other organ‐specific alkaline phosphatases. The inhibition curves and heat inactivation characteristics of LAP from normal granulocytes and that obtained from chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) blast phase cells with elevated LAP are identical. These data suggest that LAP is distinct from other organ‐specific alkaline phosphatases, particularly placental alkaline phosphatase. We also conclude that the LAP present in cells with elevated levels is very similar or identical to that of normal granulocytes.
Clinicians’ Guide to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: P John Rees
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is often considered a rather dated disease but its prevalence continues to increase and the range of treatments to expand. Over the next 20 years the burden in developing countries will increase as they reap the effects of recent years of increased cigarette smoking. Timothy Howes has reviewed the available information in a clear and approachable short book. The text covers areas such as epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and prevention, before moving on to practical areas of management. The management covers important newer areas such as pulmonary rehabilitation, non-invasive ventilation and surgery for COPD as well as pharmacological treatment. The text is well referenced through a useful list of further reading at the end of each chapter. The radiographs need better reproduction to be very useful.

The major part of COPD management at present is in primary care. A great deal of effort goes in to trying to prevent exacerbations which lead to expensive admissions to hospital and carry a high mortality. The effectiveness of some therapies in this area is described clearly. Hospital at home and early discharge teams have developed in many areas and this is included in the useful chapter on the primary-secondary care interface. However, this chapter repeats some of the treatment material from other chapters and tends to set primary care apart. Other chapters seem aimed more at secondary care with over five pages on lung reduction surgery and two out of the three final case studies decidedly hospital based. In England and Wales the arrangements for oxygen prescribing have just changed from primary to secondary care and this will warrant further coverage in subsequent editions.

While there is plenty of useful information here it would be good to see more emphasis on a multidisciplinary approach and the issues of primary care where the majority of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management should be based.
Essential medicines for COPD and asthma in low and middle-income countries
Authors: Yaser T Bazargani, Anthonious de Boer, Hubert G M Leufkens, Aukje K Mantel-Teeuwisse
Journal: Thorax (2014)

Access to medications for chronic disease management is limited in many low and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in suboptimal care and avoidable morbidity and mortality. We performed a survey of COPD and asthma medicines that appeared on the national essential medicines lists (NEMLs) of 32 LMICs. Nearly all countries (>90%) had assigned essential medicines for treatment of exacerbations and early stable disease stages, but not for steps 4 (22%) and 5 (6%) controlled asthma management. The number of treatment options was limited, with long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) and combination dosage forms being notably absent. Suboptimal availability of chronic respiratory disease medicines suggests that implementation of NEMLs is the main problem in clinical practice.
Regularities, context, and neural coding: Are universals reflected in the experienced world?
Authors: Antonino Raffone, Marta Olivetti Belardinelli, Cees van Leeuwen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Barlow's concept of the exploitation of environmental statistical regularities may be more plausibly related to brain mechanisms than Shepard's notion of internalisation. In our view, Barlow endorses a bottom-up approach to neural coding and processing, whereas we suggest that feedback interactions in the visual system, as well as chaotic correlation dynamics in the brain, are crucial in exploiting and assimilating environmental regularities. We also discuss the “conceptual tension” between Shepard's ideas of law internalisation and evolutionary adaptation. [Barlow; Shepard]
MEPROBAMATE—A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: ABRAHAM GARDNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

A study was carried out using meprobamate (Miltown) with 109 psychiatric patients over a period of one year. It was found to be a rapidly acting, safe and effective drug, of distinct benefit in those emotional disturbances which are characterized by the prominence of tension, anxiety and their related symptomatic expressions. Eighty percent of patients benefited from Miltown in relief of symptoms and overall adjustment. Greatest improvement was observed in the acute anxiety reactions where 89% were relieved. Drowsiness in overdosage was the only side effect noted. Blood changes did not occur. The author feels that Miltown is a very satisfactory medication for symptomatic relief of tension and anxiety syndromes, and facilitates other psychotherapeutic procedures.
Phase II Study of Bevacizumab in Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer or Peritoneal Serous Cancer
Authors: Stephen A. Cannistra, Ursula A. Matulonis, Richard T. Penson, Julie Hambleton, Jakob Dupont, Howard Mackey, Jeffrey Douglas, Robert A. Burger, Deborah Armstrong, Robert Wenham, William McGuire
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose We evaluated the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in patients with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) or peritoneal serous carcinoma (PSC) who had experienced disease progression during, or within 3 months of discontinuing, topotecan or liposomal doxorubicin. Patients and Methods No more than three prior treatment regimens were allowed. Patients received single-agent bevacizumab 15 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks. Response was assessed by computed tomography (CT) scan every 6 weeks using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Results Of 44 patients treated, 83.7% were primarily platinum resistant, 59.1% had received liposomal doxorubicin, 25% topotecan, 15.9% both agents, and 47.7% had received three prior chemotherapy regimens. A median of five (range, two to 16) bevacizumab doses were administered. Partial responses were observed in seven patients (15.9%). Median progression-free survival was 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.1 to 5.5 months), with a median survival duration of 10.7 months at study termination. Bevacizumab-associated grade 3 to 4 events included hypertension (9.1%), proteinuria (15.9%), bleeding (2.3%), and wound-healing complications (2.3%). The incidence of GI perforation (GIP; 11.4%) was higher than reported in bevacizumab trials of other tumor types. GIP occurred in 23.8% of patients receiving three prior chemotherapy regimens, compared with 0% of patients receiving two prior chemotherapy regimens (P &lt; .01). A trend toward higher risk of GIP was observed for patients with bowel wall thickening or bowel obstruction on CT scan. Arterial thromboembolic events occurred in three patients (6.8%). Three deaths were related to bevacizumab treatment. Conclusion Bevacizumab has single-agent activity in patients with platinum-resistant EOC or PSC. A higher than expected incidence of GIP was noted in these heavily pretreated patients.
Measurement of quality of life in pulmonary hypertension and its significance
Authors: E. Cenedese, R. Speich, L. Dorschner, S. Ulrich, M. Maggiorini, R. Jenni, M. Fischler
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Until recently, assessment of patients with pulmonary hypertension has mainly relied on functional and haemodynamic parameters. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), however, has become increasingly important in defining overall health status. The present study investigated the performance and clinical relevance of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHF) questionnaire by prospectively studying 48 patients with either pulmonary arterial hypertension (n = 26) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (n = 22). The MLHF scores were correlated to various clinical and haemodynamic parameters. Prognostic outcome was evaluated by calculating the time taken to reach an adverse clinical event defined as death, lung transplantation or pulmonary endarterectomy. The reliability of test–re-test and internal consistency of this HRQOL tool was high. The MLHF score and its physical subscore correlated moderately to well with functional and haemodynamic parameters, except in the case of pulmonary artery pressures. Both scores significantly improved during vasodilator therapy. This figure was surpassed only by the New York Heart Association/World Health Organization functional class. A multivariate analysis of all variables revealed that the MLHF score was the sole factor predicting subsequent outcome. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire is highly reproducible, consistent, and a moderately valid and responsive tool in assessing health-related quality of life in pulmonary hypertension. Moreover, it is a significant predictor of outcome in these patients.
Microbiological findings and adequacy of antibiotic treatment in the critically ill patient with drowning-associated pneumonia
Authors: Evelien Assink-de Jong, Matthijs Douma, Albertus Beishuizen, Martine Hoogewerf, Yvette J. Debets-Ossenkopp, Monique C. de Waard, Armand R. J. Girbes
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Plasma Uric Acid Level and Risk for Incident Hypertension Among Men
Authors: John P. Forman, Hyon Choi, Gary C. Curhan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Several studies have found that uric acid (UA) level is associated with an increased risk for hypertension, but the association could be confounded by metabolic factors that were not included in these previous studies. UA level and risk for incident hypertension was examined prospectively among men who participated in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study. From among men without hypertension at the time blood was collected, 750 participants who developed hypertension during the subsequent 8 yr and 750 age-matched controls were selected. In addition to adjustment for standard hypertension risk factors and renal function, adjustments controlled for fasting insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels. The mean age of participants was 61 yr, and mean plasma UA level was 6.0 mg/dl (SD 1.25 mg/dl). The multivariable relative risk (RR) for a 1-SD increase in UA was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]0.87 to 1.18); the RR comparing the highest with lowest quartile of UA was 1.08 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.63). The multivariable RR associated with a 1-SD increase in UA was 1.38 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.81) for men aged <60 yr and 0.90 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.10) for men ≥60 yr (P = 0.04 for interaction). However, further adjustment for fasting insulin, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels attenuated the results (RR for men <60 yr 1.24; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.66). In conclusion, no independent association between UA level and risk for incident hypertension was found among older men.
EPITHELIOMA ADENOIDES CYSTICUM
Authors: LOUIS SAVATARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1938)

Journal Article EPITHELIOMA ADENOIDES CYSTICUM Get access LOUIS SAVATARD LOUIS SAVATARD Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 50, Issue 7, 1 July 1938, Pages 333–341, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1938.tb10573.x Published: 01 July 1938
CCR2 antagonism improves insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Young Sun Kang, Mi Hwa Lee, Hye Kyoung Song, Gang Jee Ko, Oh Sung Kwon, Tae Kyung Lim, Sung Hwan Kim, Sang Youb Han, Kum Hyun Han, Ji Eun Lee, Jee Young Han, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Dae Ryong Cha
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
Comparative Effectiveness of Pain Management Interventions for Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ahmed M. Abou-Setta, Lauren A. Beaupre, Saifee Rashiq, Donna M. Dryden, Michele P. Hamm, Cheryl A. Sadowski, Matthew R.G. Menon, Sumit R. Majumdar, Donna M. Wilson, Mohammad Karkhaneh, Shima S. Mousavi, Kai Wong, Lisa Tjosvold, C. Allyson Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Background: Pain management is integral to the management of hip fracture. Purpose: To review the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for managing pain after hip fracture. Data Sources: 25 electronic databases (January 1990 to December 2010), gray literature, trial registries, and reference lists, with no language restrictions. Study Selection: Multiple reviewers independently and in duplicate screened 9357 citations to identify randomized, controlled trials (RCTs); nonrandomized, controlled trials (non-RCTs); and cohort studies of pain management techniques in older adults after acute hip fracture. Data Extraction: Independent, duplicate data extraction and quality assessment were conducted, with discrepancies resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. Data extracted included study characteristics, inclusion and exclusion criteria, participant characteristics, interventions, and outcomes. Data Synthesis: 83 unique studies (64 RCTs, 5 non-RCTs, and 14 cohort studies) were included that addressed nerve blockade (n = 32), spinal anesthesia (n = 30), systemic analgesia (n = 3), traction (n = 11), multimodal pain management (n = 2), neurostimulation (n = 2), rehabilitation (n = 1), and complementary and alternative medicine (n = 2). Overall, moderate evidence suggests that nerve blockades are effective for relieving acute pain and reducing delirium. Low-level evidence suggests that preoperative traction does not reduce acute pain. Evidence was insufficient on the benefits and harms of most interventions, including spinal anesthesia, systemic analgesia, multimodal pain management, acupressure, relaxation therapy, transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation, and physical therapy regimens, in managing acute pain. Limitations: No studies evaluated outcomes of chronic pain or exclusively examined participants from nursing homes or with cognitive impairment. Systemic analgesics (narcotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) were understudied during the search period. Conclusion: Nerve blockade seems to be effective in reducing acute pain after hip fracture. Sparse data preclude firm conclusions about the relative benefits or harms of many other pain management interventions for patients with hip fracture. Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Transduction of Tumor-Specific T Cells with CXCR2 Chemokine Receptor Improves Migration to Tumor and Antitumor Immune Responses
Authors: Weiyi Peng, Yang Ye, Brian A. Rabinovich, Chengwen Liu, Yanyan Lou, Minying Zhang, Mayra Whittington, Yan Yang, Willem W. Overwijk, Gregory Lizée, Patrick Hwu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: One of the most important rate-limiting steps in adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is the inefficient migration of T cells to tumors. Because melanomas specifically express the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 that are known to facilitate the CXCR2-dependent migration by monocytes, our aim is to evaluate whether introduction of the CXCR2 gene into tumor-specific T cells could further improve the effectiveness of ACT by enhancing T-cell migration to tumor. Experimental Design: In this study, we used transgenic pmel-1 T cells, which recognize gp100 in the context of H-2Db, that were transduced with luciferase gene to monitor the migration of transferred T cells in vivo. To visualize luciferase-expressing T cells within a tumor, a nonpigmented tumor is required. Therefore, we used the MC38 tumor model, which naturally expresses CXCL1. Results: Mice bearing MC38/gp100 tumor cells treated with CXCR2/luciferase-transduced pmel-1 T cells showed enhanced tumor regression and survival compared with mice receiving control luciferase-transduced pmel-1 T cells. We also observed preferential accumulation of CXCR2-expressing pmel-1 T cells in the tumor sites of these mice using bioluminescence imaging. A similar enhancement in tumor regression and survival was observed when CXCR2-transduced pmel-1 T cells were transferred into mice bearing CXCL1-transduced B16 tumors compared with mice treated with control pmel-1 T cells. Conclusions: These results implicate that the introduction of the CXCR2 gene into tumor-specific T cells can enhance their localization to tumors and improve antitumor immune responses. This strategy may ultimately enable personalization of cancer therapies based on chemokine expression by tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 16(22); 5458–68. ©2010 AACR.
Structural and Enzymatic Comparison of Human Cardiac Muscle Myosins Isolated from Infants, Adults, and Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: John J. Schier, Robert S. Adelstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Human cardiac ventricular myosins were prepared from autopsy samples from nine adults, seven infants, and from surgical specimens from seven patients undergoing left ventricular septal myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Infant myosin differed from adult myosin in two important characteristics: (a) ∼30% of the 27,000-dalton myosin light chain is replaced by a 28,000-dalton light chain, and (b) the actin-activated myosin MgATPase activity of infant myosin is significantly lower than that of adult myosin (64 nmol phosphate released/mg myosin per min vs. 124 nmol/mg per min at 37°C). The K+-EDTA ATPase activity of the myosin measured in 0.5M KCl is also lower in infants (1,210 nmol/mg per min vs. 620 nmol/mg per min at 37°C), but the Ca++-activated ATPase is not significantly different. There were no differences in enzymatic activity between the normal adult and cardiomyopathic myosins.
Flow, Pressure, and Volume Relationships in the Pulmonary Circulation During Exercise in Normal Dogs and Dogs with Divided Left Pulmonary Artery
Authors: ROBERT J. MARSHALL, YANG WANG, HERBERT J. SEMLER, JOHN T. SHEPHERD
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The effect of exercise on the pulmonary circulation was studied in a group of 6 intact dogs and in a second group of 4 subjected to ligation and division of the left pulmonary artery. Observations were made with the dogs standing and running on a horizontal treadmill up to the maximal speed they could maintain for periods of at least 2 minutes, usually 12 or 14 km./hr. Continuous records were made of the difference in pressure between the main pulmonary artery (PA) and a pulmonary-artery wedge (PAW) position. Cardiac output was determined by the indicator-dilution method, with injection of indocyanine (cardiogreen) dye into the main pulmonary artery and continuous sampling from the root of the aorta. The mean transit time of indicator betweell the pulmonary and aortic valves was obtained from the dilution curves, a correction being made for the transit time through the sampling apparatus. From these measurements the blood volume of the lungs and left heart chambers was derived. In the intact dogs, cardiac output increased approximately threefold from rest to severe exercise. There was an increase of only 12 per cent to 50 per cent in PA minus PAW pressure. Thus a continued fall occurred in pulmonary vascular resistance. The blood volume of the lungs and left heart of 3 intact dogs was measured. In 2 it did not change through the range of activity, and in the third the increase with maximal exercise was 18 per cent. The dogs with ligated left pulmonary artery also showed a threefold increase in output with severe exercise. Since the entire output passed through a single lung, the effect on the pulmonary vessels was comparable to that of a sixfold increase in output in a normal dog. Despite such large flows, in 3 of 4 dogs the difference between PA and PAW pressure rose only 37 per cent to 50 per cent. The volume of blood in the lungs and left heart was unchanged between rest and 8 km./hr., and at higher speeds showed a 0 per cent to about 20 per cent increase.