tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease by Acid Mucopolysaccharides.
Authors: L. M. Morrison
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease by Acid Mucopolysaccharides.L. M. Morrison, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. J. Quilligan Jr., M.D., K. Murata, M.D., G. S. Bajwa, D.V.M., S. Bernick, Ph.D., P. G. Rucker, M.A., L. Freeman, Ph.D., B. H. Ershoff, Ph.D.L. M. Morrison, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. J. Quilligan Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, K. Murata, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. S. Bajwa, D.V.M.Search for more papers by this author, S. Bernick, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, P. G. Rucker, M.A.Search for more papers by this author, L. Freeman, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, B. H. Ershoff, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-786_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThree acid mucopolysaccharides—heparin, chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C were tested for effectiveness against coronary and aortic atherosclerosis. Chondroitin sulfate A was found to be antiatherogenic in a series of monkeys, rats and rabbits; chondroitin sulfate C was found to be antiatherogenic in the two species tested, rats and rabbits. Heparin was not found to be antiatherogenic in monkeys. Chrondroitin sulfate A and C and heparin were found to be antithrombogenic in a series of dogs and rabbits, while chondroitin sulfate A and C were found to be orally both antiatherogenic and antithrombogenic in six consecutive experiments with rats.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: L. M. Morrison, M.D., F.A.C.P.; J. J. QuilliganJr., M.D.; K. Murata, M.D.; G. S. Bajwa, D.V.M.; S. Bernick, Ph.D.; P. G. Rucker, M.A.; L. Freeman, Ph.D.; B. H. Ershoff, Ph.D.Affiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 786-786KeywordsAtherosclerosisCardiovascular therapyChondroitinHeparinRabbitsStable coronary artery diseaseSulfates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Maximal upstroke velocity as an index of available sodium conductance. Comparison of maximal upstroke velocity and voltage clamp measurements of sodium current in rabbit Purkinje fibers.
Authors: C J Cohen, B P Bean, R W Tsien
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We compared the maximal upstroke velocity of action potentials in short rabbit Purkinje fibers with sodium currents measured with a two-microelectrode voltage clamp. The number of sodium channels available to open during a sudden depolarization was varied either by blockade with tetrodotoxin or by inactivation with steady depolarizations. In both cases, the maximal upstroke velocity was found to be a very nonlinear measure of the number of available sodium channels. For example, 3 microM tetrodotoxin blocks 85% of the sodium channels, but reduces the maximal upstroke velocity by only 33%. Voltage clamp and upstroke velocity experiments were reconstructed with a computer model of the rabbit Purkinje fiber preparation that was closely based on experimental measurements of passive cable properties and sodium channel characteristics. The simulations indicate that our voltage clamp measurements of sodium current accurately report changes in channel availability, but they also show that the maximal upstroke velocity is a strongly nonlinear index of available sodium conductance. Most of the nonlinearity arises from the activation kinetics of the sodium channels: as the pool of available channels decreases, a greater percentage of those channels activate and contribute inward current at the time of the maximal upstroke velocity. Simulations predict that the maximal upstroke velocity-available sodium conductance relationship would still remain nonlinear at 37 degrees C or under different stimulus conditions that give uniform or continuously propagated action potentials. The nonlinearity may invalidate inferences based on earlier maximal upstroke velocity experiments: the existence of two types of sodium channels with different tetrodotoxin sensitivity, steady state voltage dependence of tetrodotoxin block, voltage range over which sodium channels inactivate, and rapid, then slow recovery of sodium channel availability following a sudden repolarization. All of these conclusions need to be reevaluated.
Effects of Prolonged Administration of Oxygen on the Pulmonary Hypertension of Patients with Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema.
Authors: J. M. Bishop
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Effects of Prolonged Administration of Oxygen on the Pulmonary Hypertension of Patients with Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema.J. M. Bishop, M.D., F.R.C.P., A. S. Abraham, M.R.C.P., R. B. Cole, M.R.C.P.J. M. Bishop, M.D., F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, A. S. Abraham, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. B. Cole, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1184_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEvidence of the role of hypoxia in the causation of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema has hitherto received little support from studies in which oxygen was administered, with little or no fall in pulmonary arterial pressure. We have found that when 28% oxygen is given to such patients during an acute illness with respiratory failure the effect is considerably greater.In further studies 28% oxygen was given to six patients in a stable state continuously for periods of 4 to 8 weeks. Serial observations were made during this time, using the "floating catheter" technique to measure... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. M. Bishop, M.D., F.R.C.P.; A. S. Abraham, M.R.C.P.; R. B. Cole, M.R.C.P.Affiliations: Birmingham, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1184-1184KeywordsBlood pressureCathetersChronic bronchitisEmphysemaFallsHypoxiaOxygenPulmonary hypertensionRespiratory failure ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Post-transcriptional regulation of eotaxin by glucocorticoids (GC) and by interleukin (IL)-4
Authors: Nicola Heller, Stephanie Curry, Renate Nickel, Beverly Plunkett, Huang S-K, Ann-Bin Shyu, R Schleimer, Cristiana Stellato
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
The prognostic impact of FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations in patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and intermediate-risk cytogenetics
Authors: J How, J Sykes, M D Minden, V Gupta, K W L Yee, A D Schimmer, A C Schuh, S Kamel-Reid, J M Brandwein
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

Internal tandem duplication of the fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 gene (FLT3-ITD) and nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) mutations have prognostic importance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with intermediate-risk karyotype at diagnosis, but less is known about their utility to predict outcomes at relapse. We retrospectively analysed outcomes of 70 patients with relapsed, intermediate-risk karyotype AML who received a uniform reinduction regimen, with respect to FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutation status and first complete remission (CR1) duration. CR1 duration, but not molecular status, was significantly correlated with CR2 rate. On univariate analysis, patients with mutated FLT3-ITD (FLT3+) had significantly worse overall survival (OS) compared with those with neither an NPM1 nor FLT3-ITD mutation (NPM1-/FLT3-). On multivariate analysis, shorter CR1 duration was significantly correlated with inferior OS at relapse (P<0.0001), while FLT3 and NPM1 mutation status and age were not significantly correlated with OS. Patients who subsequently underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT) had a superior OS regardless of CR1 duration, but outcomes were better in patients with CR1 duration>12 months. In intermediate-risk karyotype AML patients receiving reinduction, CR1 duration remains the most important predictor of OS at relapse; FLT3-ITD and NPM1 status are not independent predictors of survival.
Atopy, lung function and bronchial responsiveness in symptom-free paediatric asthma patients
Authors: W Gruber, E Eber, B Steinbrugger, M Modl, E Weinhandl, MS Zach
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

In adolescence, some paediatric asthma patients will become symptom-free and require no further treatment. There is little information on the atopic status, lung function and bronchial responsiveness of these patients. Symptom-free asthma patients (n=118) aged 7.7-19.2 yrs, were evaluated 1 year after termination of therapy. Bronchial asthma had previously been diagnosed on the basis of recurrent wheezing episodes. Atopic status was assessed by skin-prick testing. Baseline lung function was measured by spirometry, flow-volume curve and plethysmography. Bronchial responsiveness was assessed nonpharmacologically by cold dry air challenge. Eighty one patients had at least one positive skin test result, and the remaining 37 were defined as nonatopic. In atopic subjects, the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness was significantly higher than in nonatopic patients (41 out of 81 versus 7 out of 37; p=0.001). Atopic subjects showed a significantly lower maximal expiratory flow at 25% remaining vital capacity (p&lt;0.05) and a higher residual volume (p&lt;0.05) than nonatopic subjects. Nonatopic subjects were significantly younger than atopic patients (p&lt;0.01). These symptom- and medication-free paediatric and adolescent asthma patients could, thus, be divided into two groups: 1) atopic subjects with a tendency towards bronchial hyperresponsiveness; and 2) nonatopic subjects with better lung function and normal bronchial responsiveness In view of the increased understanding of the epidemiology of early childhood wheezing, these findings support the concept of different pathogenic mechanisms underlying wheezing episodes in early childhood.
Airway wall thickness associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second decline and development of airflow limitation
Authors: Firdaus A.A. Mohamed Hoesein, Pim A. de Jong, Jan-Willem J. Lammers, Willem P.T.M. Mali, Michael Schmidt, Harry J. de Koning, Carlijn van der Aalst, Matthijs Oudkerk, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Harry J.M. Groen, Bram van Ginneken, Eva M. van Rikxoort, Pieter Zanen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Airway wall thickness and emphysema contribute to airflow limitation. We examined their association with lung function decline and development of airflow limitation in 2021 male smokers with and without airflow limitation. Airway wall thickness and emphysema were quantified on chest computed tomography and expressed as the square root of wall area of a 10-mm lumen perimeter (Pi10) and the 15th percentile method (Perc15), respectively. Baseline and follow-up (median (interquartile range) 3 (2.9–3.1) years) spirometry was available. Pi10 and Perc15 correlated with baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (r= −0.49 and 0.11, respectively (p&lt;0.001)). Multiple linear regression showed that Pi10 and Perc15 at baseline were associated with a lower FEV1 after follow-up (p&lt;0.05). For each sd increase in Pi10 and decrease in Perc15 the FEV1 decreased by 20 mL and 30.2 mL, respectively. The odds ratio for developing airflow limitation after 3 years was 2.45 for a 1-mm higher Pi10 and 1.46 for a 10-HU lower Perc15 (p&lt;0.001). A greater degree of airway wall thickness and emphysema was associated with a higher FEV1 decline and development of airflow limitation after 3 years of follow-up.
The interaction of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism in liver diseases
Authors: Lars P. Bechmann, Rebekka A. Hannivoort, Guido Gerken, Gökhan S. Hotamisligil, Michael Trauner, Ali Canbay
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

It is widely known that the liver is a central organ in lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis and cholesterol metabolism. However, over the last decades, a variety of pathological conditions highlighted the importance of metabolic functions within the diseased liver. As observed in Western societies, an increase in the prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome promotes pathophysiological changes that cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD increases the susceptibility of the liver to acute liver injury and may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Alterations in insulin response, β-oxidation, lipid storage and transport, autophagy and an imbalance in chemokines and nuclear receptor signaling are held accountable for these changes. Furthermore, recent studies revealed a role for lipid accumulation in inflammation and ER stress in the clinical context of liver regeneration and hepatic carcinogenesis. This review focuses on novel findings related to nuclear receptor signaling - including the vitamin D receptor and the liver receptor homolog 1 - in hepatic lipid and glucose uptake, storage and metabolism in the clinical context of NAFLD, liver regeneration, and cancer.
Influence of cigarette smoking on inhaled corticosteroid treatment in mild asthma
Authors: G W Chalmers
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Background: Although inhaled corticosteroids have an established role in the treatment of asthma, studies have tended to concentrate on non-smokers and little is known about the possible effect of cigarette smoking on the efficacy of treatment with inhaled steroids in asthma. A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of active cigarette smoking on responses to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids in patients with mild asthma. Methods: The effect of treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate (1000 μg daily) or placebo for 3 weeks was studied in a double blind, prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study of 38 steroid naïve adult asthmatic patients (21 non-smokers). Efficacy was assessed using morning and evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) readings, spirometric parameters, bronchial hyperreactivity, and sputum eosinophil counts. Comparison was made between responses to treatment in non-smoking and smoking asthmatic patients. Results: There was a significantly greater increase in mean morning PEF in non-smokers than in smokers following inhaled fluticasone (27 l/min <i>v</i> –5 l/min). Non-smokers had a statistically significant increase in mean morning PEF (27 l/min), mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (0.17 l), and geometric mean PC<sub>20</sub> (2.6 doubling doses), and a significant decrease in the proportion of sputum eosinophils (–1.75%) after fluticasone compared with placebo. No significant changes were observed in the smoking asthmatic patients for any of these parameters. Conclusions: Active cigarette smoking impairs the efficacy of short term inhaled corticosteroid treatment in mild asthma. This finding has important implications for the management of patients with mild asthma who smoke.
β-blockade prevents recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in well-compensated patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Massimo Colombo, Roberto de Franchis, Maurizio Tommasini, Angelo Sangiovanni, Nicola Dioguardi
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

To assess the efficacy of β-blockers in preventing rebleeding in selected cirrhotic patients and to compare the tolerance, safety and patient compliance of a selective and a nonselective β-blocker, 94 patients were randomly assigned to propranolol (32 patients), atenolol (32 patients) or placebo (30 patients). Randomization was made at least 15 days after the bleeding episode. Propranolol was given orally at increasing doses until the resting pulse rate was reduced by approximately 25%. Atenolol was given at a fixed dose of 100 mg per day. Patients were followed up for a mean of 357 days. Rebleeding occurred in 14 patients in the placebo group, 10 in the atenolol group and eight in the propranolol group. The incidence of rebleeding was significantly lower in patients receiving propranolol than in those on placebo (propranolol vs. placebo: p = 0.01, logrank test). Atenolol was less effective than propranolol (atenolol vs. placebo: p = 0.065, logrank test). Bleeding-free survival was better for patients on active drugs than for those on placebo (propranolol vs. placebo=p = 0.01, atenolol vs. placebo: p = 0.05, logrank test). Retrospective analysis revealed that, whatever the type of treatment, abstinence from alcohol was crucial in preventing rebleeding. We conclude that β-blocker treatment is effective in preventing rebleeding from esophageal varices in carefully selected alcoholic cirrhotic patients who survive at least 2 weeks after acute variceal hemorrhage and stop drinking.
Low diagnostic value of respiratory impedance measurements in children
Authors: CE Cuijpers, GJ Wesseling, AG Kessels, GM Swaen, PL Mertens, ME de Kok, J Broer, F Sturmans, EF Wouters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

The aim of this study was to determine whether impedance values in children with various chronic respiratory complaints differed from those observed in symptom-free children. Respiratory impedance was measured using the forced oscillation technique in 1,776 Dutch children aged 6-12 yrs. In addition to the commonly used parameters of resistance and reactance, further impedance parameters were obtained by using linear and quadratic regression to describe individual resistance and reactance curves as a function of frequency. Furthermore, the diagnostic value of the individual impedance parameters was evaluated by means of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Statistically significant differences in impedance values were found in girls with symptoms suggesting asthma compared to symptom-free girls, but not in boys. In children with chronic cough, impedance was not significantly different from the values of symptom-free children. The results obtained by the additional impedance parameters were comparable to those of the commonly used measures. We conclude that the diagnostic values of the impedance parameters appeared to be low, as no cut-off points were found to discriminate clearly between symptomatic and symptom-free children. These findings may reflect absence of functional abnormalities in symptomatic children at this age.
Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous C1 Esterase Inhibitor (human) with Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase for the Prevention of Angioedema Attacks in Patients with Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: William R. Lumry, H. Henry Li, Markus Magerl, Marcus Maurer, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Marc A. Riedl, Murat Bas, Aleena Banerji, Kevin Rockich, Jennifer Schranz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: S.-K. Myung, W. Ju, B. Cho, S.-W. Oh, S. M. Park, B.-K. Koo, B.-J. Park
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. <b>Design</b> Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. <b>Data sources and study selection</b> PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov searched in June and November 2012. Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible randomised controlled trials, based on predetermined selection criteria. <b>Results</b> Out of 2240 articles retrieved from databases and relevant bibliographies, 50 randomised controlled trials with 294 478 participants (156 663 in intervention groups and 137 815 in control groups) were included in the final analyses. In a fixed effect meta-analysis of the 50 trials, supplementation with vitamins and antioxidants was not associated with reductions in the risk of major cardiovascular events (relative risk 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.02; I<sup>2</sup>=42%). Overall, there was no beneficial effect of these supplements in the subgroup meta-analyses by type of prevention, type of vitamins and antioxidants, type of cardiovascular outcomes, study design, methodological quality, duration of treatment, funding source, provider of supplements, type of control, number of participants in each trial, and supplements given singly or in combination with other supplements. Among the subgroup meta-analyses by type of cardiovascular outcomes, vitamin and antioxidant supplementation was associated with a marginally increased risk of angina pectoris, while low dose vitamin B<sub>6</sub> supplementation was associated with a slightly decreased risk of major cardiovascular events. Those beneficial or harmful effects disappeared in subgroup meta-analysis of high quality randomised controlled trials within each category. Also, even though supplementation with vitamin B<sub>6</sub> was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular death in high quality trials, and vitamin E supplementation with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction, those beneficial effects were seen only in randomised controlled trials in which the supplements were supplied by the pharmaceutical industry. <b>Conclusion</b> There is no evidence to support the use of vitamin and antioxidant supplements for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Endoscopic mucosal resection for large and giant sessile and flat colorectal polyps: a single-center experience with long-term follow-up
Authors: C. Luigiano, P. Consolo, M. Scaffidi, G. Strangio, G. Giacobbe, A. Alibrandi, S. Pallio, A. Tortora, G. Melita, L. Familiari
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de C. Luigiano et al., pp. 829Endoscopy 2009; 41(10): 921-921DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306747