tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
REACTIVE LYSIS: THE COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED LYSIS OF UNSENSITIZED CELLS
Authors: R. A. Thompson, P. J. Lachmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

This paper describes the characteristics of the indicator factor (I) which takes part in reactive hemolysis and its identification as the seventh component of complement. I was shown to be a beta globulin with a sediment coefficient of 5.7S and a molecular weight of about 140,000. Experiments on the depletion of I activity with anti-I antiserum or with activated R euglobulin showed that I was a late acting complement component necessary for the lysis of cells after the EAC142 stage. Complement component analysis of purified I fractions excluded all known components except C7. The physicochemical characteristics of I are compatible with published data on C7. The method of quantitation described represents a convenient method of testing for C7.
The impact of a lung cancer computed tomography screening result on smoking abstinence
Authors: C.M. van der Aalst, R.J. van Klaveren, K.A.M. van den Bergh, M.C. Willemsen, H.J. de Koning
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Receiving a lung cancer computed tomography screening result might be a teachable moment for smoking cessation, but it might also unintentionally reassure smokers to continue smoking. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether test results were associated with smoking abstinence in the Dutch–Belgian Randomised Controlled Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NELSON trial). Two random samples of male smokers who had received either only negative test results (n = 550) or one or more indeterminate test result (n = 440) were sent a questionnaire 2 yrs after randomisation. Smokers with an indeterminate result reported more quit attempts (p = 0.02), but the prolonged abstinence rate in smokers receiving a negative test (46 (8.9%) out of 519 subjects) was comparable with the abstinence rate in smokers with one or more indeterminate results (48 (11.5%) out of 419 subjects) (p = 0.19). A statistically insignificant increase was found after one or more indeterminate test result (10.9 and 15.0%, respectively) compared with receiving only negative test results (8.9%) (p = 0.26). In conclusion, the outcome of the screening test had no impact on future smoking abstinence in male smokers, although all results suggest more favourable implications after one or more follow-up recommendations. Screening test outcomes could be used as a teachable moment for smoking cessation.
Altered dynamics of transforming growth factor (TGF- ) receptors in scleroderma fibroblasts
Authors: Y. Asano, H. Ihn, M. Jinnin, K. Tamaki, S. Sato
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the difference in the dynamics of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptors between normal and scleroderma fibroblasts. <h3>Methods</h3> The cell surface expression levels of TGF-β receptors were determined by biotinylation and immunoprecipitation assay. The dynamics of TGF-β receptors on the cell surface was determined by the reversible biotinylation assay. The subcellular localisation of TGF-β receptors was determined by immunoprecipitation using antibodies against clathrin and caveolin. <h3>Results</h3> Although the total expression levels of TGF-β receptors were elevated in scleroderma fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts, there was no significant difference in the cell surface expression levels of TGF-β receptors between these two groups. However, the internalisation rate of TGF-β receptors was higher in scleroderma fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts. Furthermore, caveolin constitutively made a complex with TGF-β receptors, while the interaction of clathrin with TGF-β receptors was marginal in scleroderma fibroblasts. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The dynamics of TGF-β receptors on the cell surface is accelerated in scleroderma fibroblasts. Considering that the activation state of TGF-β signalling is regulated by a balance between the clathrin-dependent internalisation and the lipid raft-caveolar internalisation, the accumulation of TGF-β receptors in caveolin-positive vesicles may result in the deceleration of caveolin-dependent internalisation and subsequently lead to the relative acceleration of clathrin-dependent internalisation.
Mechanisms of Recurrent Functional Mitral Regurgitation After Mitral Valve Repair in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Alex Pui-Wai Lee, Michael Acker, Spencer H. Kubo, Steven F. Bolling, Seung W. Park, Charles J. Bruce, Jae K. Oh
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Recurrent functional mitral regurgitation (MR) has been reported after mitral valve repair with annuloplasty in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, but the mechanism is not understood completely. The authors sought to identify abnormalities of the mitral valve and left ventricle that are associated with recurrent MR after mitral annuloplasty.In 104 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who underwent annuloplasty for functional MR, basal mitral anterior leaflet angle, distal mitral anterior leaflet angle (ALAtip), posterior leaflet angle, coaptation depth, tenting area, mitral annular dimensions, left ventricular volumes, and MR severity were quantified by echocardiography before surgery and at 6-month intervals after it. Compared with patients without MR recurrence (n=79), patients with recurrent MR (defined as > or =2+) (n=25) had greater ALAtip (P<0.001) and basal mitral anterior leaflet angle (P<0.001), greater coaptation depth and tenting area (P<0.001), larger left ventricular volumes (P<0.001), and worse left ventricular ejection fraction (P<0.05) but similar mitral annular dimensions and postoperative exaggeration in posterior leaflet angle. Multivariable analysis identified postoperative ALAtip as the major determinant of postoperative MR. Receiver operator characteristic curves identified preoperative ALAtip as the best predictor of MR recurrence (area under curve, 0.98). For ALA(tip) >25 degrees, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values in predicting recurrent MR were 88%, 94%, 82%, and 93%, respectively. Three distinct patterns of anterior leaflet tethering (minimal, basal, and distal) with an increasing risk of recurrent MR were identified.Posterior leaflet tethering is invariable after mitral annuloplasty, rendering postoperative mitral competence highly dependent on distal anterior leaflet mobility.
Fall and Injury Prevention in Older People Living in Residential Care Facilities: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Jane Jensen, Lillemor Lundin-Olsson, Lars Nyberg, Yngve Gustafson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Background: Falls and resulting injuries are particularly common in older people living in residential care facilities, but knowledge about the prevention of falls is limited. Objective: To investigate whether a multifactorial intervention program would reduce falls and fall-related injuries. Design: A cluster randomized, controlled, nonblinded trial. Setting: 9 residential care facilities located in a northern Swedish city. Patients: 439 residents 65 years of age or older. Intervention: An 11-week multidisciplinary program that included both general and resident-specific, tailored strategies. The strategies comprised educating staff, modifying the environment, implementing exercise programs, supplying and repairing aids, reviewing drug regimens, providing free hip protectors, having post-fall problem-solving conferences, and guiding staff. Measurements: The primary outcomes were the number of residents sustaining a fall, the number of falls, and the time to occurrence of the first fall. A secondary outcome was the number of injuries resulting from falls. Results: During the 34-week follow-up period, 82 residents (44%) in the intervention program sustained a fall compared with 109 residents (56%) in the control group (risk ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.96]). The adjusted odds ratio was 0.49 (CI, 0.37 to 0.65), and the adjusted incidence rate ratio of falls was 0.60 (CI, 0.50 to 0.73). Each of 3 residents in the intervention group and 12 in the control group had 1 femoral fracture (adjusted odds ratio, 0.23 [CI, 0.06 to 0.94]). Clustering was considered in all regression models. Conclusion: An interdisciplinary and multifactorial prevention program targeting residents, staff, and the environment may reduce falls and femoral fractures.
Complete remission in a patient with multifocal metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma with a combination of paclitaxel and sorafenib
Authors: D. Donghi, R. Dummer, A. Cozzio
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Complete remission in a patient with multifocal metastatic cutaneous angiosarcoma with a combination of paclitaxel and sorafenib Get access D. Donghi, D. Donghi Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Dummer, R. Dummer Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Cozzio A. Cozzio Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Correspondence: Antonio Cozzio. E‐mail Cozzio@usz.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 3, 1 March 2010, Pages 697–699, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09607.x Published: 01 March 2010
FSP-1 Silencing in Bone Marrow Cells Suppresses Neointima Formation in Vein Graft
Authors: Jizhong Cheng, Yun Wang, Anlin Liang, Lixin Jia, Jie Du
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) plays multiple roles in promoting cell proliferation and motility. Increased FSP-1 expression in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has been associated with their enhanced proliferation.To study how FSP-1 contributes to neointima formation of vein grafts.Arteriovenous grafts were created in wild-type or FSP-1-GFP mice (green fluorescent protein expression regulated by FSP-1 promoter). The effects of FSP-1 on bone marrow (BM) cell migration and on SMC proliferation were studied in vivo and in vitro.On creation of a vein graft, there was rapid deposition of platelets on the denuded surface leading to secretion of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α). This was followed by recruitment of BM-derived cells expressing the SDF-1α receptor CXCR4; homing of FSP-1-positive cells was found to be dependent on platelet-derived SDF-1α. FSP-1 was expressed in 8% of the BM cells, and 20% of these express CD45; 85% of FSP-1-positive cells express CD11b. We found that the FSP-1-positive cells migrated into the vein graft in a Rac-1-dependent fashion. FSP-1 expression was also found to stimulate proliferation of SMCs through a MEK5-ERK5 signaling pathway that can be suppressed by a dominant-negative Rac1. Consequently, knocking down FSP-1 expression in BM cells prevented neointimal formation.BM-derived FSP-1(+) cells enhance neointima formation through an increase in transendothelial invasion with stimulation of SMC proliferation. The Rac1 and ERK5 signaling cascade mediate FSP-1-induced responses in SMCs and BM cells. This novel pathophysiology suggests a new therapeutic target, FSP-1, for preventing the development of neointima in vein grafts.
Mechanisms of gastro-oesophageal reflux in preterm and term infants with reflux disease
Authors: T I Omari, C P Barnett, M A Benninga, R Lontis, L Goodchild, R R Haslam, J Dent, G P Davidson
Journal: Gut (2002)

<b>Background:</b> Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation (TLOSR) is the predominant mechanism of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in healthy infants but the mechanisms of GOR in infants with GOR disease (GORD) are poorly understood. <b>Aims:</b> To measure the occurrence of TLOSR, GOR, and gastric emptying (GE) rate in preterm and term infants with GORD. <b>Patients:</b> Thirty six infants were studied and grouped as normals or GORD based on a routine clinical assessment and confirmation of an assessment of GORD by reflux symptom charts and oesophageal pH monitoring. <b>Methods:</b> A micromanometric assembly incorporating a micro pH electrode recorded oesophageal motility and pH. GE rate was determined using the <sup>13</sup>C-octanoic acid breath test. <b>Results:</b> TLOSR was the predominant mechanism of GOR, triggering 50–100% of GOR episodes (median 91.5%). Abdominothoracic straining significantly increased the occurrence of GOR in association with TLOSR. In infants with GORD, the number of TLOSRs overall was similar to normals but the proportion of TLOSRs accompanied by acid GOR was significantly higher than in normals (16.5% <i>v</i> 5.7%, respectively; p&lt;0.001). Infants with GORD had a similar GE rate to normals. <b>Conclusions:</b> In infant GORD, acid reflux associated TLOSRs are abnormally common and likely to be a major contributing factor to the pathophysiology of GORD. Infants with GORD do not have delayed GE.
We Are the Genes We've Been Waiting For: Rational Responses to the Gathering Storm of Personal Genomics
Authors: Misha Angrist
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgment I thank Hugh Rienhoff, Jim Evans, and Bob Cook-Deegan for helpful discussions. Conflict of Interest: Misha Angrist received complimentary genotyping from 23andMe and Navigenics.
Tyrosine phosphorylation is required for Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse macrophages.
Authors: S Greenberg, P Chang, S C Silverstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Although Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis is accompanied by a variety of transmembrane signaling events, not all signaling events are required for particle ingestion. For example, Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse inflammatory macrophages (Di Virgilio, F., B. C. Meyer, S. Greenberg, and S. C. Silverstein. 1988. J. Cell Biol. 106:657; Greenberg, S., J. El Khoury, F. Di Virgilio, and S. C. Silverstein. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 113:757) and neutrophils (Della Bianca, V., M. Grzeskowiak, and F. Rossi. 1990. J. Immunol. 144:1411) occurs in the absence of cytosolic calcium transients. We sought to identify transmembrane signaling events that are essential for phagocytosis. Here we show that tyrosine phosphorylation is an early event after Fc receptor ligation in mouse inflammatory macrophages, and that the formation of tyrosine phosphoproteins coincides temporally with the appearance of F-actin beneath phagocytic cups. The distribution of tyrosine phosphoproteins that accumulated beneath phagocytic cups was punctate and corresponded to areas of high ligand density on the surface of the antibody-coated red blood cells, which provided the phagocytic stimulus. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, but not several inhibitors of protein kinase C, blocked the appearance of tyrosine phosphoproteins as assessed by immunofluorescence, the focal accumulation of F-actin beneath immunoglobulin G-opsonized particles, and the ingestion of these particles as well. We suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation is a critical signaling event that underlies Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse macrophages, and is necessary for the engulfment per se.
Isolated Right Vein of Labbe Thrombosis
Authors: Menachem Gold
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
TNXB Mutations Can Cause Vesicoureteral Reflux
Authors: Rasheed A. Gbadegesin, Patrick D. Brophy, Adebowale Adeyemo, Gentzon Hall, Indra R. Gupta, David Hains, Bartlomeij Bartkowiak, C. Egla Rabinovich, Settara Chandrasekharappa, Alison Homstad, Katherine Westreich, Guanghong Wu, Yutao Liu, Danniele Holanda, Jason Clarke, Peter Lavin, Angelica Selim, Sara Miller, John S. Wiener, Sherry S. Ross, John Foreman, Charles Rotimi, Michelle P. Winn
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2013)

Primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common congenital anomaly of the kidney and the urinary tract, and it is a major risk factor for pyelonephritic scarring and CKD in children. Although twin studies support the heritability of VUR, specific genetic causes remain elusive. We performed a sequential genome-wide linkage study and whole-exome sequencing in a family with hereditary VUR. We obtained a significant multipoint parametric logarithm of odds score of 3.3 on chromosome 6p, and whole-exome sequencing identified a deleterious heterozygous mutation (T3257I) in the gene encoding tenascin XB (TNXB in 6p21.3). This mutation segregated with disease in the affected family as well as with a pathogenic G1331R change in another family. Fibroblast cell lines carrying the T3257I mutation exhibited a reduction in both cell motility and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase expression, suggesting a defect in the focal adhesions that link the cell cytoplasm to the extracellular matrix. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the human uroepithelial lining of the ureterovesical junction expresses TNXB, suggesting that TNXB may be important for generating tensile forces that close the ureterovesical junction during voiding. Taken together, these results suggest that mutations in TNXB can cause hereditary VUR.
Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT)
Authors: Morris J Brown, Christopher R Palmer, Alain Castaigne, Peter W de Leeuw, Giuseppe Mancia, Talma Rosenthal, Luis M Ruilope
Journal: The Lancet (2000)
Low Levels of Lipopolysaccharide Modulate Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Madlyn I. Frisard, Yaru Wu, Ryan P. McMillan, Kevin A. Voelker, Kristin A. Wahlberg, Angela S. Anderson, Nabil Boutagy, Kyle Resendes, Eric Ravussin, Matthew W. Hulver
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Functional Relevance of the Stretch-Dependent Slow Force Response in Failing Human Myocardium
Authors: Dirk von Lewinski, Burkhard Stumme, Florian Fialka, Claus Luers, Burkert Pieske
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Stretch induces immediate and delayed inotropic effects in mammalian myocardium via distinct mechanosensitive pathways, but these effects are poorly characterized in human cardiac muscle. We tested the effects of stretch on immediate and delayed force response in failing human myocardium. Experiments were performed in muscle strips from 52 failing human hearts (37 degrees C, 1 Hz, bicarbonate buffer). Muscles were stretched from 88% of optimal length to 98% of optimal length. The resulting immediate and delayed (ie, slow force response [SFR]) increases in twitch force were assessed without and after blockade of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR; cyclopiazonic acid and ryanodine), stretch-activated ion channels (SACs; gadolinium, streptomycin), L-type Ca2+-channels (diltiazem), angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptors (candesartan), endothelin (ET) receptors (PD145065 or BQ123), Na+/H+ exchange (NHE1; HOE642), or reverse-mode Na+/Ca+ exchange (NCX; KB-R7493). We also tested the effects of stretch on SR Ca2+ load (rapid cooling contractures [RCCs]) and intracellular pH (in BCECF-loaded trabeculae). Stretch induced an immediate (<10 beats), followed by a slow (5 to 10 minutes), force response. Twitch force increased to 232+/-6% of prestretch value during the immediate phase, followed by a further increase to 279+/-8% during the SFR. RCC amplitude significantly increased, but pHi did not change during SFR. Inhibition of SACs, L-type Ca2+ channels, AT1 receptors, or ET receptors did not affect the stretch-dependent immediate or SFR. In contrast, the SFR was reduced by NHE1 inhibition and almost completely abolished by reverse-mode NCX inhibition or blockade of sarcoplasmic reticulum function. The data demonstrate the existence of a functionally relevant, SR-Ca2+-dependent SFR in failing human myocardium, which partly depends on NHE1 and reverse-mode NCX activation.
Large-Scale tRNA Intron Transposition in the Archaeal Order Thermoproteales Represents a Novel Mechanism of Intron Gain
Authors: K. Fujishima, J. Sugahara, M. Tomita, A. Kanai
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Recently, diverse arrangements of transfer RNA (tRNA) genes have been found in the domain Archaea, in which the tRNA is interrupted by a maximum of three introns or is even fragmented into two or three genes. Whereas most of the eukaryotic tRNA introns are inserted strictly at the canonical nucleotide position (37/38), archaeal intron-containing tRNAs have a wide diversity of small tRNA introns, which differ in their numbers and locations. This feature is especially pronounced in the archaeal order Thermoproteales. In this study, we performed a comprehensive sequence comparison of 286 tRNA introns and their genes in seven Thermoproteales species to clarify how these introns have emerged and diversified during tRNA gene evolution. We identified 46 intron groups containing sets of highly similar sequences (>70%) and showed that 16 of them contain sequences from evolutionarily distinct tRNA genes. The phylogeny of these 16 intron groups indicates that transposition events have occurred at least seven times throughout the evolution of Thermoproteales. These findings suggest that frequent intron transposition occurs among the tRNA genes of Thermoproteales. Further computational analysis revealed limited insertion positions and corresponding amino acid types of tRNA genes. This has arisen because the bulge–helix–bulge splicing motif is required at the newly transposed position if the pre-tRNA is to be correctly processed. These results clearly demonstrate a newly identified mechanism that facilitates the late gain of short introns at various noncanonical positions in archaeal tRNAs.