tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sequential Radionuclide Assessment of Left and Right Ventricular Performance after Acute Transmural Myocardial Infarction
Authors: LAWRENCE A. REDUTO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Ventricular performance was evaluated sequentially in 31 patients with uncomplicated acute transmural myocardial infarction (13 anterior and 18 inferior). Left ventricular ejection fraction, ejection rate, regional wall motion, and right ventricular ejection fraction were ascertained using first-pass radionuclide angiocardiography on four occasions during hospitalization. Inferior infarction resulted in a greater reduction in right ventricular ejection fraction than anterior infarction (mean ± SEM; 48 ± 2 versus 56 ± 2%, P < 0.01). In contrast, in anterior infarction there was greater depression of left ventricular ejection fraction than in inferior infarction (34 ± 3 versus 50 ± 3%, P < 0.01). From initial to discharge studies, there was no significant change in global performance or regional wall motion in either group. These data show that the location of transmural infarction has a profound effect upon the magnitude of right and left ventricular dysfunction. In addition, ventricular systolic performance remains relatively stable during the hospital phase of uncomplicated transmural myocardial infarction.
De-escalation therapy rates are significantly higher by bronchoalveolar lavage than by tracheal aspirate
Authors: Elpis Giantsou, Nikolaos Liratzopoulos, Eleni Efraimidou, Maria Panopoulou, Eleonora Alepopoulou, Sofia Kartali-Ktenidou, Konstantinos Manolas
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
Surfing Injuries at Waikiki
Authors: Robert H. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 56-month survey of 36 hospitalized patients injured while surfing off Oahu, Hawaii, indicated that 34% of the injuries involved the head and spine. Bodysurfing involves a considerable risk of craniospinal injury if the head is driven into the sand. The most frequent injury in surfboarding is being hit by a loose board. Risk of injury in surfboarding is approximately one per 17,500 surfing days—an incidence far below most sports. (<i>JAMA</i>237:668-670, 1977)
Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer — The Debate Continues
Authors: Michael A. Choti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Surgical therapy currently offers the only potential cure for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Surgical morbidity and mortality have decreased dramatically in recent years; the perioperative mortality associated with pancreaticoduodenectomy in major centers is approximately 1 percent. However, only a few patients present with tumors that are amenable to resection, and even after resection of a seemingly localized neoplasm, long-term survival is poor.1 Since many medical centers now have the capacity to resect pancreatic cancer safely, it is increasingly important to identify effective postoperative (adjuvant) therapy if we are to achieve long-term success in treating this disease.The potential benefit of adjuvant therapy . . .
A common substitution (Asn291Ser) in lipoprotein lipase is associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease.
Authors: H H Wittrup, A Tybjaerg-Hansen, S Abildgaard, R Steffensen, P Schnohr, B G Nordestgaard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Lipoprotein lipase degrades triglycerides in plasma and as a byproduct produces HDL particles. Genetic variation in lipoprotein lipase may therefore affect cardiovascular risk. We tested 9,214 men and women from a general population sample and 948 patients with ischemic heart disease for the Asn291Ser substitution in lipoprotein lipase. The allele frequency in the general population was 0.024 and 0.026 for women and men, respectively. In comparison with noncarriers, female heterozygous probands had increased plasma triglycerides (delta = 0.23 mmol/liter), while HDL cholesterol was reduced in both female and male carriers (delta = 0.18 mmol/liter and delta = 0.11 mmol/liter, respectively). A similar phenotype was found in six homozygous carriers. On multiple logistic regression analysis, plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of ischemic heart disease in both genders. On univariate analysis, odds ratios for ischemic heart disease in probands were 1.89 in women (95% CI: 1.19-3.01) and 0.90 in men (95% CI: 0.62-1.31), and on multivariate analysis were 1.98 in women (95% CI: 1.11-3.53) and 1.02 in men (95% CI: 0.65-1.60). This study demonstrates that a single common mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene is associated with elevated plasma triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol levels, whereby carriers, in particular women, seem to be predisposed to ischemic heart disease. It cannot be excluded, however, that male carriers of this substitution may represent a subset of low-HDL individuals without raised triglycerides not predisposed to ischemic heart disease.
PSYCHIATRIC SCREENING IN THE ARMED FORCES
Authors: HAROLD M. VOTH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

1. Psychiatric screening procedures of 2 large recruit training centers have been described, and a revised screening plan suggested. 2. Exception is taken to the premise that brief psychiatric screening is of value in predicting possible psychiatric casualties, except in certain obvious cases. It is suggested that trained psychiatrists be spared this task and should devote their full attention to maladjusted recruits and to better man power utilization. 3. It is suggested that only the obviously psychiatrically unfit be rejected for service and that decisions regarding nonpsychotics should be based primarily on an adequate trial at duty and only secondarily on history and impressions regarding psychodynamics, etc.
Abnormalities in Beat-to-Beat Dynamics of Heart Rate Before the Spontaneous Onset of Life-Threatening Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Heikki V. Huikuri, Tapio Seppänen, M. Juhani Koistinen, K.E. Juhani Airaksinen, M.J. Ikäheimo, Agustin Castellanos, Robert J. Myerburg
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Beat-to-beat analysis of RR intervals can reveal patterns of heart-rate dynamics, which are not easily detected by summary measures of heart-rate variability. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that alterations in RR-interval dynamics occur before the spontaneous onset of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT).Ambulatory ECG recordings from 15 patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) who had spontaneous episodes of sustained VT during the recording and VT inducible by programmed electrical stimulation (VT group) were analyzed by plotting each RR interval of a sinus beat as a function of the previous one (Poincaré plot). Poincaré plots were also generated for 30 post-MI patients who had no history of spontaneous VT events and no inducible VT (MI control subjects) and for 30 age-matched subjects without heart disease (normal control subjects). The MI control subjects and VT group were matched with respect to age and severity of underlying heart disease. All the healthy subjects and MI control subjects showed fan-shaped Poincaré plots characterized by an increased next-interval difference for long RR intervals relative to short ones. All the VT patients had abnormal plots: 9 with a complex pattern, 3 ball-shaped, and 3 torpedo-shaped. Quantitative analysis of the Poincare plots showed the SD of the long-term RR-interval variability (SD2) to be smaller in all VT patients (52+/-14 ms; range, 31 to 75 ms) than in MI control subjects (110+/-24 ms; range, 78 to 179 ms, P<.001) or the normal control subjects (123+/-38 ms, P<.001), but the SD of the instantaneous beat-to-beat variability (SD1) did not differ between the groups. The complex plots were caused by periods of alternating sinus intervals, resulting in an increased SD1/SD2 ratio in the VT group. This ratio increased during the 1-hour preceding the onset of 27 spontaneous VT episodes (0.43+/-0.20) compared with the 24-hour average ratio (0.33+/-0.19) (P<.01).Reduced long-term RR-interval variability, associated with episodes of beta-to-beat sinus alternans, is a highly specific sign of a propensity for spontaneous onset of VT, suggesting that abnormal beat-to-beat heart-rate dynamics may reflect a transient electrical instability favoring the onset of VT in patients conditioned by structurally abnormal hearts.
THE SICKNESS OF THE COUNT OF CHAMBORD.
Authors: A. CHEVALLEREAU
Journal: JAMA (1883)

(From<i>La France Médicale</i>. Translated by Chas. H. Hunt,M.D., Stanwood, Iowa.) Prof. Vulpian, who was called to Frohsdorf during the last sickness of the Count of Chambord, has published in the<i>Gazette-Hebdomadaire</i>an account of the sickness, and the reflections on the case with which he was inspired. The affection, which was the death of the Prince, does not resemble anything that can happen to simple mortals; in no classical literature do we find anything near it. It is this that appears interesting on viewing the principle phrases and following the very remarkable deductions that he has made. Since two or three years, at the least, the health of the Count of Chambord, which up to that time had been excellent, commenced to change. The Count, however, each day pursued during the greater part of the year the pleasures of the chase, and in spite of an ancient fracture
Sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease: clinical spectrum and therapeutic challenges
Authors: J.M.L. White, D. Creamer, A.W.P. du Vivier, A. Pagliuca, A.Y. Ho, S. Devereux, J.R. Salisbury, G.J. Mufti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a rare complication of bone marrow transplantation. While GVHD is often associated with the beneficial graft vs. tumour effect, it also contributes towards significant morbidity and mortality. No reliably effective treatment has yet been established. We present 10 patients with haematological malignancies who underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant and developed sclerodermatous GVHD. Donor lymphocyte infusion administered for relapse or reducing donor T-cell chimerism was a known trigger for sclerodermatous GVHD in four of the patients. Treatment with immunosuppressants, psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) and extracorporeal photopheresis has been largely unsuccessful in their management. Intensive immunosuppression including the use of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody may have contributed to relapse of leukaemia in one patient 10 years after her transplant. Sclerodermatous GVHD may occur without a preceding lichenoid stage. Clinical heterogeneity is common, although sclerodermatous GVHD has a predilection for the limbs. Treatment options are largely unsatisfactory if conventional immunosuppression fails. PUVA may give some symptomatic benefit and extracorporeal photopheresis seems to be less efficacious than previously published work suggests.
USP15 stabilizes MDM2 to mediate cancer-cell survival and inhibit antitumor T cell responses
Authors: Qiang Zou, Jin Jin, Hongbo Hu, Haiyan S Li, Simona Romano, Yichuan Xiao, Mako Nakaya, Xiaofei Zhou, Xuhong Cheng, Peirong Yang, Guillermina Lozano, Chengming Zhu, Stephanie S Watowich, Stephen E Ullrich, Shao-Cong Sun
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
A rat CD4 mutant containing the gp120-binding site mediates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Authors: J H Simon, C Somoza, G A Schockmel, M Collin, S J Davis, A F Williams, W James
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

CD4 is the primary receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Early mutational studies implicated a number of residues of CD4, centered in the region 41-59, in binding to gp120. However, further mutational analyses, together with studies using inhibitory antibodies or CD4-derived peptides, have suggested that other regions of CD4 are also involved in binding or postbinding events during infection. To resolve these ambiguities, we used rat CD4 mutants in which particular regions were replaced with the corresponding sequence of human CD4. We have previously shown that some of these are able to bind HIV-1 gp120, and here we test their ability to act as functional receptors. We find that the presence of human CD4 residues 33-62 is enough to confer efficient receptor function to rat CD4, and we conclude that it is unlikely that regions of CD4 outside this sequence are involved in specific interactions with HIV-1 during either infection or syncytium formation.
Treatment of the pruritus of cholestasis: From unbearable lightness to substance
Authors: Nora V. Bergasa, Hartmut Jaeschke, Kevin Mullen, Darius Moradpour
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Abstract Background &amp; Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of naltrexone for the short and long term treatment of pruritus of cholestasis. Methods: Twenty patients with pruritus and cholestasis were included. A baseline pruritus score was obtained over 1 week. Patients were then randomized to receive 50 mg/day of naltrexone or placebo for 2 weeks. Subsequently, a 1-week washout period ensued and patients were crossed over to the other therapy for 2 additional weeks. Pruritus was assessed daily with a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Patients whose pruritus decreased &gt;50% of basal with naltrexone received naltrexone 50 mg/day for 2 additional months. Results: Mean basal VAS was similar in both groups. VAS showed greater and more significant changes with naltrexone than with placebo ( P &lt; .0003). In nine out of 20 patients (45%) receiving naltrexone, pruritus decreased &gt;50% compared to basal value, including five whose pruritus disappeared completely. No significant changes were observed in serum biochemistry. Most of the adverse events that occurred during the first 48 h of naltrexone therapy were consistent with opioid withdrawal-like phenomena and spontaneously disappeared 2 days after starting treatment. Conclusions: Naltrexone can be considered as an alternative option to treat pruritus of cholestasis. In the current study, side effects were transient and did not require specific medication. Controlled trials have suggested that opiate antagonist therapy may be effective for the treatment of the symptoms of cholestasis. The oral opiate antagonist naltrexone in particular has started to enter into routine clinical use for amelioration of cholestatic itch. Attention regarding the side effects of opiate antagonist therapy has, to date, largely focused on an opiate withdrawal-type reaction (which can be controlled effectively by titrated therapy introduction regimens). Here we describe three cases of a further clinically important side effect: loss of control of pain resulting from other pathologies, which in each case necessitated the withdrawal of hitherto clinically effective opiate antagonist therapy. Of the 14 patients treated by our unit with opiate antagonist agents for the control of cholestatic symptoms, 13 (93%) showed resolution of or significant improvement in symptoms. Of the 13 patients showing a clinical response, seven (54%) subsequently had to discontinue therapy because of side effects (including the three patients with uncontrolled pain). It is our experience that in the routine clinical setting, opiate antagonists are highly effective for the treatment of cholestatic symptoms. In practice, however, their usefulness is limited by their side effect profile.
FRACTURES THROUGH THE LOWER EPIPHYSIS OF THE HUMERUS OCCURRING IN CHILDREN
Authors: C. F. EIKENBARY
Journal: JAMA (1924)

This report is concerned entirely with fractures in children, occurring through or just above the lower epiphysis of the humerus. The treatment suggested and the results mentioned have no bearing, whatever, on any other type of fracture in the neighborhood of the elbow. Mention only is made of the cases wherein treatment is entirely finished and the results known.  It is customary to give a poor, or at least a very guarded, prognosis in all fractures involving the elbow joint. The type of fracture we are now discussing falls within that category. I quite agree that, for obvious reasons, it is wise to give a guarded prognosis; but in our own minds, in dealing with the fractures under discussion, may we not have a much more hopeful outlook? I think we may, and my reasons for so thinking are based on my experience in the cases reported in this paper.
Abstract LB-230: Enhancing anti-angiogenic therapy by blocking focal adhesion kinase
Authors: Justin Bottsford-Miller, Angela Sanguino, Duangmani Thanapprapasr, Chad V. Pecot, Rebecca L. Stone, Kurt Auger, Alpa M. Nick, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) represents a central point of convergence for many signaling pathways implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Pazopanib is a pan-VEGFR and PDGFR inhibitor. In the present study, we examined whether pazopanib treatment would result in greater anti-tumor activity in combination with the novel FAK-inhibitor, GSK2256098. The in vitro effects of GSK2256098 on invasion and migration were examined using the HeyA8 and SKOV3-IP1 human ovarian cancer cell lines. In vivo effects of pazopanib with and without GSK2256098 were then assessed using an orthotopic mouse model of human ovarian cancer. GSK2256098 resulted in reduced levels of FAK phosphorylation at Y397 (pFAKY397) at 1μM concentration in SKOV3-IP1 cells. GSK2256098 resulted in a reduced invasion (p&amp;lt;0.001) and decreased migration (p&amp;lt;0.001) in SKOV3-ip1 cells. Dose-finding studies performed in vivo demonstrated that a 75 mg/kg dose resulted in a significant reduction in pFAKY397. Monotherapy with GSK2256098 resulted in a 58% decrease in mean tumor weight compared to control (p = 0.038). The combination of GSK2256098 with pazopanib resulted in a 71% decrease in mean tumor weight compared to pazopanib monotherapy (p = 0.04). We also tested treatment combinations including traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. The combination of GSK2256098 with docetaxel resulted in a 44% decrease in mean tumor weight compared to docetaxel monotherapy (p = 0.17). The triplet combination of GSK2256098 with pazopanib and docetaxel resulted in the greatest overall decrease mean tumor weight, 99% compared to control and 92% compared to the doublet alone (p = 0.001). Similar trends were noted with mean number of tumor nodules and ascites volume. On the basis of our recent findings that FAK is highly phosphorylated in platelets in cancer-bearing mice, we also examined FAK phosphorylation in the platelets of treated and untreated mice. Phosphorylation of platelet FAK (pFAKY397) was inhibited by 68% at 4 hours after treatment compared to control (p = 0.07). Treatment with pazopanib decreased MVD by 49% (p &amp;lt; 0.01), which was further enhanced in combination with GSK2256098 (p &amp;lt; 0.01). In summary, FAK inhibition results in substantial anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects in combination with pazopanib and represents a viable strategy for further development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-230. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-230
Hypermagnesemia After Renal Homotransplantation
Authors: ALLEN C. ALFREY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The clinical and biochemical features of three patients who developed magnesium intoxication after renal homotransplantation are described. All patients were receiving magnesium-containing antacids at a time when renal function was reduced. When renal function was adequate, magnesium supplementation in the form of antacids resulted in an eightfold increase in urinary magnesium and only a modest rise in serum levels. However, during transplant rejection urinary magnesium rapidly falls, and hypermagnesemia may develop. Hemodialysis is the most effective method of treating this complication in the transplant recipient. Magnesium intoxication represents an additional hazard of high-dose antacid therapy in the postransplant period. The serum magnesium concentration should be routinely monitored in transplant recipients with reduced renal function receiving magnesium-containing antacid. At times of severely compromised renal function these antacids should be avoided.
INFECTED WOUNDS OF THE KNEE-JOINT
Authors: K. W. Monsarrat
Journal: BMJ (1918)

THE total number of cases whiich are reviewed here is 38.All were either Serbs, Russians, or Bulgars, admitted to hospital during the period August, 1916, to August, 1917.In all cases the condition was an infected-wound involving the joint.Several -were in the.chiarge of my colleague, Captain L. D. Woods, R.A1
Association between Vitamin D Levels and Cardiac Syndrome X
Authors: Serpil Eroğlu, Elif Sade, Emre Özçalık, Gökhan Özyıldız, Uğur Abbas Bal, Kadirhan Akyol, Burcu Ersoy, Haldun Müderrisoğlu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Inhibition of Leukocyte Trafficking in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Fabio Cominelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal system that affect more than 1 million persons in the United States and several million worldwide. The precise cause of these diseases remains unknown, but major advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of chronic intestinal inflammation have produced an explosion of new biologic therapies available to treat IBD. This new class of drugs targets specific pathogenic mechanisms of disease, primarily in the form of monoclonal blocking antibodies, and has revolutionized how gastroenterologists treat IBD, significantly improving patients' quality of life . . .
Molecular biology of the KATP channel. Where's the clone?
Authors: C. G Nichols
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Molecular biology of the KATP channel. Where's the clone? Get access Colin G Nichols Colin G Nichols Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Box 8228, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA: Dr C G Nichols. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 6, June 1994, Pages 727–728, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.6.727 Published: 01 June 1994 Article history Accepted: 02 February 1994 Published: 01 June 1994
Role of integrin subunits in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and osteoblast maturation on graphitic carbon-coated microstructured surfaces
Authors: Rene Olivares-Navarrete, Sandra E. Rodil, Sharon L. Hyzy, Ginger R. Dunn, Argelia Almaguer-Flores, Zvi Schwartz, Barbara D. Boyan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
A Study of Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drops and No Pressure Patching in the Treatment of Corneal Abrasions
Authors: Peter K. Kaiser, Roberto Pineda, Bonnie An, Scott Brun, Scott Burk, Rosa Kim, Magda Krzystolik, Ken Graham, Quon Nguyen, Susannah Rowe, Melanie Ryan-Graham, Jill Smith, Antonio Vinãls, Sonia Yoo, Timothy You
Journal: Ophthalmology (1997)