tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low-Pressure Cardiac Tamponade
Authors: Jaume Sagristà-Sauleda, Juan Angel, Antonia Sambola, Joan Alguersuari, Gaietà Permanyer-Miralda, Jordi Soler-Soler
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Low-pressure cardiac tamponade is a form of cardiac tamponade in which a comparatively low pericardial pressure results in cardiac compression because of low filling pressure. This syndrome is poorly characterized because only isolated cases have been reported. We conducted a study of its clinical and hemodynamic profiles. Methods and Results— From 1986 through 2004, we evaluated all patients at our institution with combined pericardiocentesis and cardiac catheterization. We identified those patients who fulfilled catheterization-based criteria of low-pressure cardiac tamponade and compared their clinical and catheterization data with those of patients with classic tamponade. A total of 1429 patients with pericarditis were evaluated, 279 of whom underwent combined pericardiocentesis and catheterization. Criteria of low-pressure cardiac tamponade were met in 29, whereas 114 had criteria of classic cardiac tamponade. Patients with low-pressure tamponade less frequently had clinical signs of tamponade, but the rate of constitutional symptoms, use of diuretics, and echocardiographic findings of tamponade were similar in both groups. Patients with low-pressure tamponade showed a significant increase in cardiac output after pericardiocentesis, but they usually had less severe cardiac tamponade compared with patients with classic tamponade. Prognosis was related mainly to the underlying disease. Conclusions— Low-pressure cardiac tamponade was identified in 20% of patients with catheterization-based criteria of tamponade. Clinical recognition may be difficult because of the absence of typical physical findings of tamponade in most patients. Although some patients are critically ill, most show a stable clinical condition. However, these patients obtain a clear benefit from pericardiocentesis.
Degradation of endogenous hepatic heme by pathways not yielding carbon monoxide. Studies in normal rat liver and in primary hepatocyte culture.
Authors: D M Bissell, P S Guzelian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The conversion of endogenous hepatic heme to bilirubin and CO is established. However, it is unknown whether this process is quantitative or whether heme may be degraded to other products as well. To study this question, we administered the heme precursor, delta-amino-[5-14C]levulinic acid to rats in vivo. In liver, [14C]heme was predominately associated with microsomal cytochromes, and its degradation was examined over a period of 12--14 h; concurrently, excretion of labeled carbon monoxide 14CO by the animal was measured. After correction for 14CO derived from the breakdown of renal [14C]heme, the rate of heme degradation calculated from the 14CO excreted was substantially less than the rate of disappearance of hepatic [14C]heme measured directly. The discrepancy between actual loss of labeled heme from the liver and generation of labeled CO was confirmed by direct study of endogenous [14C]heme degradation in primary hepatocyte culture, in which only 25% of the labeled heme disappearing during the incubation was converted to 14CO. By contrast, cultured cells converted exogenous [14C]heme nearly quantitatively to 14CO. We conclude that heme associated with microsomal cytochromes in normal rat liver is degraded substantially by non-CO forming processes.
Characterization of the hepatitis C virus E2 epitope defined by the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody AP33
Authors: Alexander W. Tarr, Ania M. Owsianka, Judith M. Timms, Patrick C. McClure, Richard J. P. Brown, Timothy P. Hickling, Thomas Pietschmann, Ralf Bartenschlager, Arvind H. Patel, Jonathan K. Ball
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) AP33, recognizing a 12 amino acid linear epitope in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 glycoprotein, potently neutralizes retroviral pseudoparticles (HCVpp) carrying genetically diverse HCV envelope glycoproteins. Consequently, this antibody and its epitope are highly relevant to vaccine design and immunotherapeutic development. The rational design of immunogens capable of inducing antibodies that target the AP33 epitope will benefit from a better understanding of this region. We have used complementary approaches, which include random peptide phage display mapping and alanine scanning mutagenesis, to identify residues in the HCV E2 protein critical for MAb AP33 binding. Four residues crucial for MAb binding were identified, which are highly conserved in HCV E2 sequences. Three residues within E2 were shown to be critical for binding to the rat MAb 3/11, which previously was shown to recognize the same 12 amino acid E2 epitope as MAb AP33 antibody, although only two of these were shared with MAb AP33. MAb AP33 bound to a panel of functional E2 proteins representative of genotypes 1-6 with higher affinity than MAb 3/11. Similarly, MAb AP33 was consistently more efficient at neutralizing infectivity by diverse HCVpp than MAb 3/11. Importantly, MAb AP33 was also able to neutralize the cell culture infectious HCV clone JFH-1. In conclusion, these data identify important protective determinants and will greatly assist the development of vaccine candidates based on the AP33 epitope. (Hepatology 2006;43:492–601.)
Measures to end child detention don't go far enough, says children's rights charity
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The UK government will end the “shameful” practice of child detention at immigration centres, the deputy prime minister, Nick Clegg, has announced, fulfilling a pledge made by the coalition Conservative and Liberal Democrat government after it came to office in May.

Mr Clegg said that the family wing at Yarl’s Wood immigration centre in Bedfordshire would be closed to families with children with immediate effect.

“And I can confirm that, on the same basis, the detention of children for immigration purposes will also end at Tinsley House, …
Suicidal Behaviors: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

One suicide every 24 minutes! 20,000 suicides annually in the U.S.! Suicide the tenth leading cause of death, and fourth among teenagers! Many more Americans die by suicide than in Vietnam war! Startling headlines these, but true. They illustrate the magnitude of the problem and the need for books like this. Its 48 authors, from various professional ranks, have contributed a worthwhile, multidisciplinary study which encompasses philosophical and cultural considerations, diagnostic awareness, statistical analyses, biochemical hypotheses, clinical management and treatment, and community preventive aspects. "En garde" is the keynote in prevention. Preliminary signposts may loom large. Several authors emphasize the concept that very few people decide suddenly and precipitously to commit suicide. The common pattern consists of a series of attempts with increasing lethality; the suicide rate stands 35 times higher in those who have made previous abortive attempts than in those with negative histories. Presuicidal communications of some sort
3 Effects of celecoxib and naproxen on renal function in patients with cirrhosis and ascites: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: J. Claria, J.D. Kent, M. Lopez-Parra, G. Escolar, L. Ruiz-del-Arbol, P. Gines, W. Jimenez, B. Bucelic, V. Arroyo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
956-116 The Reperfusion Strategy Does Affect Outcome When Nonsmokers Present with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A PAMI Substudy
Authors: Terry R. Bowers, Edward F. Terrien, Sylvia Puchrowicz-Ochocki, Debra Sachs, William W. O’Neill, Cindy L. Grines
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Latent<i>Corynebacterium acnes</i>Infection of Bone Marrow
Authors: Leo Waitzkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

EXCEPT for Corynebacterium diphtheriae, apparent involvement of corynebacteria in human infection occurs only rarely, sometimes in serious or fatal form.1 2 3 4 5 The following case of latent bone-marrow infection with C. acnes is considered unique.Case ReportA 40-year-old alcoholic was hospitalized in July, 1968, for psychiatric treatment. In October, he was transferred to the medical service because of anemia.He had no somatic complaints. Except for an abdominal scar related to subtotal gastric resection done in 1950 for duodenal ulcer, physical examination was unremarkable. His weight had been stable during his stay in the hospital. The hemoglobin was 11 gm per . . .
Hospitalists in the United States — Mission Accomplished or Work in Progress?
Authors: Robert M. Wachter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Eight years ago in the Journal, a colleague and I described a new breed of physician — the "hospitalist" — whose primary role was to care for hospitalized patients, returning them to the care of their regular physicians at hospital discharge.1 Since that time, the number of hospitalists in the United States has grown from a few hundred to approximately 8000, with projected growth to 20,000 (about the number of cardiologists in this country). With hospitalists at most major U.S. teaching hospitals,2 students and residents (in both internal medicine and, increasingly, pediatrics) now receive much of their inpatient training . . .
Cross Dendritic Cells Anger T Cells after Kidney Injury
Authors: Andrew Rees
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2009)

Nearly 30 yr ago, Stewart Cameron caused a minor revolution by pointing out that simple quantitation of proteinuria was much better at predicting outcome than histopathological diagnosis—then the gold standard prognostic marker.1 We now know that severe proteinuria does not simply reflect glomerular injury but is itself harmful.2 Reabsorption of large amounts of protein from the glomerular filtrate induces stress responses in proximal tubular epithelial cells that result in lysosomal instability and can even initiate epithelial-mesenchymal transition.3 Epithelial cells synthesize chemokines, cytokines, and complement components that recruit inflammatory cells and lymphocytes into the interstitium causing progressive fibrosis. A fascinating paper by Macconi et al. from Ariela Benigni's group in the current issue of JASN4 adds another layer of complexity by showing that albumin reabsorbed from proximal tubules induces the generation of albumin-specific, IFN-γ secreting, CD8 T cells that may contribute to progressive renal injury.

Before discussing the results in detail, it is important to consider how proteins reabsorbed by the proximal tubule are presented to T cells. The interstitium of normal kidneys contain numerous resident monocytic myelocytes, traditionally believed to be macrophages because they express relevant markers such as F4/80 in mice and CD68 in man.5 It is now known they also express dendritic cell markers and can indeed present antigen—one of the defining features of renal dendritic cells with …
Small-Cell Cancers, and an Unusual Reaction to Chemotherapy
Authors: Ion D. Bucaloiu, Srinivasan Dubagunta, Krishna K Pachipala, Nazmi Kamal, Farid Fata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.11.055 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12805347 Small-Cell Cancers, and an Unusual Reaction to Chemotherapy CASE 4. FLUOROURACIL-RELATED SMALL BOWEL VASCULITIS Ion D. BucaloiuxIon D. BucaloiuSearch for articles by this author , Srinivasan DubaguntaxSrinivasan DubaguntaSearch for articles by this author , Krishna K PachipalaxKrishna K PachipalaSearch for articles by this author , Nazmi KamalxNazmi KamalSearch for articles by this author , Farid FataxFarid FataSearch for articles by this author Show More Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.11.055 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
CHANGES IN THE OSMOTIC ACTIVITY OF LIVER AND OF KIDNEY TISSUE CAUSED BY PASSAGE OF SODIUM CHLORIDE, UREA, AND SOME OTHER SUBSTANCES INTO CELLS
Authors: Eugene L. Opie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

The osmotic activity of liver tissue and of kidney cortex tested within 10 minutes after immersion in solutions of sodium chloride has been increased by procedures which introduce sodium chloride, urea or creatinin into the body in excess of its elimination. A substance formed by cell metabolism, namely urea, can increase the osmotic activity of liver and of kidney cells. The amino acids, glycine and arginine, under similar conditions have not increased the osmotic activity of liver or of kidney cortex.
Sleep disorders. Steroids cause sleep disturbance.
Authors: R Turner, E Elson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

the patient would be left breathless and sweating to fall rapidly back into light sleep.In between attacks the patient's sleep was poor.He woke frequently: one third of the night was spent in wakefulness, and he had negligible deep sleep and only a little rapid eye movement sleep near the end of the night.The patient was aware of the attacks but unable to control them, and on occasions he had sustained minor injuries.The pattern was the same every night.The patient remained chronically sleep deprived with a consequent propensity to fall asleep during the day, when he was still vulnerable to attacks.A sleep polygraph contained features of "epileptic K complexes" and "bursts of highly synchronised high amplitude sharp waves and spikes,"3 but our patient, like others reported on, showed no evidence of epilepsy.2 4This particular parasomnia seems to be un- common, and someone unaware of it could confuse it with sleepwalking or night terrors, or even sleep apnoea, if the patient presents with daytime sleepiness.' Unlike other parasomnias, however, this one apparently responds to carbamazepine.Our impression is that it is far more relentless and debilitating than sleepwalking or night terrors.
Nanospiderwebs: Artificial 3D Extracellular Matrix from Nanofibers by Novel Clinical Grade Electrospinning for Stem Cell Delivery
Authors: Mohammad A. Alamein, Qin Liu, Sebastien Stephens, Stuart Skabo, Frauke Warnke, Robert Bourke, Peter Heiner, Patrick H. Warnke
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Novel clinical grade electrospinning methods could provide three‐dimensional (3D) nanostructured biomaterials comprising of synthetic or natural biopolymer nanofibers. Such advanced materials could potentially mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) accurately and may provide superior niche‐like spaces on the subcellular scale for optimal stem‐cell attachment and individual cell homing in regenerative therapies. The goal of this study was to design several novel “nanofibrous extracellular matrices” (NF‐ECMs) with a natural mesh‐like 3D architecture through a unique needle‐free multi‐jet electrospinning method in highly controlled manner to comply with good manufacturing practices (GMP) for the production of advanced healthcare materials for regenerative medicine, and to test cellular behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) on these. Biopolymers manufactured as 3D NF‐ECM meshes under clinical grade GMP‐like conditions show higher intrinsic cytobiocompatibility with superior cell integration and proliferation if compared to their 2D counterparts or a clinically‐approved collagen membrane.
A Small-Molecule Modulator of the Tumor-Suppressor miR34a Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhangang Xiao, Chi Han Li, Stephen L. Chan, Feiyue Xu, Lu Feng, Yan Wang, Jian-Dong Jiang, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Christopher H.K. Cheng, Yangchao Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Small molecules that restore the expression of growth-inhibitory microRNAs (miRNA) downregulated in tumors may have potential as anticancer agents. miR34a functions as a tumor suppressor and is downregulated or silenced commonly in a variety of human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we used an HCC cell–based miR34a luciferase reporter system to screen for miR34a modulators that could exert anticancer activity. One compound identified as a lead candidate, termed Rubone, was identified through its ability to specifically upregulate miR34a in HCC cells. Rubone activated miR34a expression in HCC cells with wild-type or mutated p53 but not in cells with p53 deletions. Notably, Rubone lacked growth-inhibitory effects on nontumorigenic human hepatocytes. In a mouse xenograft model of HCC, Rubone dramatically inhibited tumor growth, exhibiting stronger anti-HCC activity than sorafenib both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that Rubone decreased expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and other miR34a target genes and that it enhanced the occupancy of p53 on the miR34a promoter. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for Rubone as a lead candidate for further investigation as a new class of HCC therapeutic based on restoration of miR34a tumor-suppressor function. Cancer Res; 74(21); 6236–47. ©2014 AACR.
Prospective Analysis of HLA Immunogenicity of Cryopreserved Valved Allografts Used in Pediatric Heart Surgery
Authors: Robert E. Shaddy, Dixie D. Hunter, Karen A. Osborn, Linda M. Lambert, L. LuAnn Minich, John A. Hawkins, Edwin C. McGough, Thomas C. Fuller
Journal: Circulation (1996)

The HLA immunogenicity of cryopreserved valved allografts used in the surgical repair of congenital heart defects is unknown.To determine the immunogenicity of these allografts, we measured prospectively the frequency of panel-reactive HLA class I alloantibodies (PRA) before, 1 month after, and 3 months after allograft implantation in 9 children (age, 5.4 +/- 2.1 years) and after open-heart surgery without allograft implantation in 11 age-matched control children (age, 4.0 +/- 1.5 years). PRA was determined against an HLA-select frozen T-lymphocyte panel using the antiglobulin cytotoxicity technique. After allograft implantation, PRA increased from 3.2 +/- 2.7% before surgery to 63.3 +/- 12% at 25 +/- 2 days after surgery and 99.7 +/- 0.3% at 3.4 +/- 0.3 months after surgery. The use of dithiothreitol to remove IgM alloantibodies resulted in a modest decrease in PRA at 1 month (33.2 +/- 13%) but no change at 3 months (93.0 +/- 3.4%), suggesting the initial humoral response is an IgM alloantibody that switches almost exclusively to IgG by 3 months. Control patients showed no increase in PRA over time: 1.6 +/- 1% before surgery, 3.2 +/- 1% at 28 +/- 5 days after surgery, and 1.7 +/- 1% at 2.7 +/- 0.3 months after surgery.Cryopreserved valved allografts in children induce a marked HLA alloantibody response that increases to broad panel reactivity within 3 months after surgery. This HLA sensitization has potential not only for causing deleterious effects on allograft function but also for limiting the future opportunity of heart transplantation in patients who receive cryopreserved valved allografts.
An Address ON IODINE AS THE SOLE DRESSING FOR OPERATION WOUNDS: Delivered at a Meeting of the Staffordshire Branch of the British Medical Association
Authors: R. Alcock
Journal: BMJ (1912)

Is a moderate eater, his digestion is -fairly good, but he has suffered from dlyspepsia, for which he got much ad-vantage from' Burroughs;, Weltcome-andQto.'s laxative tabloidg and grain of calomel weekly.Has beei' a golfer for twenty iears.He gets (Iripping wet from' per9pirationbefore the ninthb'iole'is reacled, and used to remain soaked till he changed for dinnier.Three weeks sinice had a bad blow over liver from a motor car.On his-a.rrival' he wvas markedly depresseed and neurasthenic, said he was no longer able to do his work, talked of retiring, and was much troubled in consequence; doubtedwhether any ctire coull save him, etc., was too obese.Tihe first urine anlalysis shlowed a verv fair ratio between the' different normal elements'' though all were very much below the average.What, however, was unsatisfactory was the presenlce of 10.35 grams of glucose per diem.V. 8.
Benign F-18 FDG Uptake Along a Mediastinoscopy Tract
Authors: Michael C. Roarke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

We present a case of benign F-18 FDG uptake occurring along a mediastinoscopy tract on F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging 6 weeks after subcarinal lymph node biopsy in a patient with metastatic malignant melanoma. Recognition of this linear pattern of benign tracer uptake and correlating with the patient's procedure history is essential to avoid mistaking it for progression of mediastinal metastases.
The Impact of Medicare's Prospective Payment System on Wisconsin Nursing Homes
Authors: Elizabeth Langer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  We are writing to share information regarding acute care transfers from our nursing home. This information relates to the article by Sager et al entitled  Impact of Medicare's Prospective Payment System on Wisconsin Nursing Homes. 1   The Wisconsin Veterans Home is a 660-bed long-term—care facility with 160 female and 500 male residents who have an average age of 76 years. Ninety percent of acute care transfers are admitted to local community hospitals and 10% to Veterans Administration hospitals. The average length of stay in the community hospitals in 1986 was 6·35 days, which is 1·65 days shorter than Sager et al report. Data concerning these acute care transfers were analyzed for 30-day recidivism, reason for readmission, and mortality.  In 1986, the Wisconsin Veterans Home transferred 260 residents (average age, 76 years) to acute care hospitals, for a total of 378 admissions. One hundred seventy-four residents were
Efficacy and Safety of an Irrigated-Tip Catheter for the Ablation of Accessory Pathways Resistant to Conventional Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Teiichi Yamane, Pierre Jaïs, Dipen C. Shah, Mélèze Hocini, Jing Tian Peng, Isabel Deisenhofer, Jacques Clémenty, Michel Haïssaguerre
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways (APs) is very effective in all but a minority of patients. We examined the usefulness and safety of irrigated-tip catheters in treating patients with APs resistant to conventional catheter ablation. Methods and Results —Among 314 APs in 301 consecutive patients, conventional ablation failed to eliminate AP conduction in 18 APs in 18 patients (5.7%), 6 of which were located in the left free wall, 5 in the middle/posterior-septal space, and 7 inside the coronary sinus (CS) or its tributaries. Irrigated-tip catheter ablation was subsequently performed with temperature control mode (target temperature, 50°C), a moderate saline flow rate (17 mL/min), and a power limit of 50 W (outside CS) or 20 to 30 W (inside CS) at previously resistant sites. Seventeen of the 18 resistant APs (94%) were successfully ablated with a median of 3 applications using irrigated-tip catheters. A significant increase in power delivery was achieved (20.3±11.5 versus 36.5±8.2 W; P &lt;0.01) with irrigated-tip catheters, irrespective of the AP location, particularly inside the CS or its tributaries. No serious complications occurred. Conclusions —Irrigated-tip catheter ablation is safe and effective in eliminating AP conduction resistant to conventional catheters, irrespective of the location.