tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1099 Tannic acid inhibits cholangiocyte proliferation in bile duct ligated rats by a SRC dependent pathway
Authors: S TAFFETANI, G ALPINI, H FRANCIS, S GLASER, J PHINIZY, J VENTER, B BAUMANN, T PATEL
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Cholangiocytes are the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts. Along the biliary tree, two different kinds of cholangiocytes exist: small and large cholangiocytes. Each type has important differences in their biological role in physiologic and pathologic conditions. In response to injury, cholangiocytes become reactive and acquire a neuroendocrine-like phenotype with the secretion of a number of peptides. These molecules act in an autocrine/paracrine fashion to modulate cholangiocyte biology and determine the evolution of biliary damage. The failure of such mechanisms is believed to influence the progression of cholangiopathies, a group of diseases that selectively target biliary cells. Therefore, the understanding of mechanisms regulating cholangiocyte response to injury is expected to foster the development of new therapeutic options to treat biliary diseases. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings in the mechanisms driving cholangiocyte adaptation to damage, with particular emphasis on molecular pathways that are susceptible of therapeutic intervention. Morphogenic pathways (Hippo, Notch, Hedgehog), which have been recently shown to regulate biliary ontogenesis and response to injury, are also reviewed as well as the results of ongoing clinical trials evaluating new drugs for the treatment of cholangiopathies.
PROSTHETIC RECONSTRUCTION OF NOSE AND EAR WITH A LATEX COMPOUND
Authors: ARTHUR H. BULBULIAN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Absence of the nose and absence of the ear as a result of disease, trauma or developmental failure are two common types of facial deformities for which restoration is indicated. Obviously, a man or woman who has such a handicap would be extremely grateful for any help which might enable him or her to regain a normal appearance. Reconstruction by means of plastic surgery is, of course, given first consideration. On the other hand, restoration by prosthetic methods is useful under the following conditions: When the patient is of advanced age. When the patient needs an immediate restoration in order to carry on his or her work after removal of a malignant growth before reconstruction by surgical methods is advisable. When the patient is unable financially to pay for hospitalization for a plastic surgical operation. When operation is considered inadvisable because of the situation or extent
Abstract 4870: Proteomics of phyllodes tumor revealed that decorin increase in the extracellular matrix by periostin deficiency decreased cancer cell motility and invasion
Authors: Toshiyuki Ishiba, Akira Nakanishi, Takanobu Sato, Tsuyoshi Nakagawa, Makoto Nagahara, Ryo Oono, Hiroyuki Uetake, Kenichi Sugihara, Yoshio Miki
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The ability of cancer cells to metastasize is dependent on the interactions of their cell surface molecules with microenvironment. However the tumor microenvironment, especially cancer-associated stroma, is poorly understood. To search for proteins which are present in the stroma, we investigated the phyllodes tumor, which contains breast stromal tissue, specific expression proteins compared with normal tissue by using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach. Periostin and versican core protein were up-regulated in phyllodes tumor. Decorin, mimecan, hemoglobin subunit alpha, hemoglobin subunit beta and ketatin, type1 cytoskeletal 19 were up-regulated in normal tissue. Periostin and decorin are one of component of the extracellular matrix. Periostin upregulation has been reported in many cancer types and is consequently defined as a tumor-enhancing factor. On the other hand, decorin upregulation inhibits tumor growth by antagonizing tumor angiogenesis. Periostin upregulation in phyllodes tumor and decorin upregulation in normal tissue was validated by immunohistochemical analysis from phyllodes tumor thirty five patients. We determined the interaction between decorin and periostin in phyllodes tumor tissues and breast cancer cell line BT-20 cells, by using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis. Furthermore, we uncovered the plasma membrane translocation of decorin from cytoplasm in BT-20 or T-47D cells by siRNA-mediated knockdown of periostin, and detected the secreted decorin to the extracellular medium using Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method. The periostin siRNA-treated BT-20 cells motility and invasion were prevented by the secreted decorin into the extracellular medium. The overexpression of decorin suppressed the metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231 cells motality and invasion. These results demonstrated the secreted decorin by periostin deficiency decreased cancer cells motality and invasion. This molecular mechanism may become the new target for anti-cancer therapy. Citation Format: Toshiyuki Ishiba, Akira Nakanishi, Takanobu Sato, Tsuyoshi Nakagawa, Makoto Nagahara, Ryo Oono, Hiroyuki Uetake, Kenichi Sugihara, Yoshio Miki. Proteomics of phyllodes tumor revealed that decorin increase in the extracellular matrix by periostin deficiency decreased cancer cell motility and invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4870. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4870
Perforated Solitary Diverticulum of Caecum
Authors: R. F. Hendtlass
Journal: BMJ (1944)

Solitary Neurofibroma in the StomachIn the stomach, and generally in the digestive system, benign tumours, espedially neurofibromata, are seldom seen.These tumours always take their origin from the gastric plexus and grow between the two layers of muscle below the mucosa.According to Askanazy, the nerve tissue seen within the tumour is sympathetic.Usuallv such tumours are associated with a diffuse neurofibromatosis of the skin.Leriche, anid Gerhardt and Westphal, have reported numerous neurofibromata of the alimentary tract in patients with typical von Recklinghausen's disease.Kohtz described an intestinal neuro- fibroma in a patient with no other signs of neurofibromatosis;
ADJUSTMENT OF THE FLOW OF TISSUE FLUID IN THE PRESENCE OF LOCALIZED, SUSTAINED HIGH VENOUS PRESSURE AS FOUND WITH VARICES OF THE GREAT SAPHENOUS SYSTEM DURING WALKING
Authors: Henry K. Beecher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1937)

Varices of the saphenous systems of veins are a consequence of the inadequate valves present and the resulting imperfect circulation.Altered venous pressure relationships as one phase of this impaired circulation have heretofore received lit- tle attention.The extremiiely abntormal pressure
Hypokalemia with Hypercalcemia
Authors: KEITH A. ALDINGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Hypokalemia is a potentially life-threatening biochemical abnormality in patients with hypercalcemia. We studied a large group of patients with hypercalcemia to determine the prevalence of hypokalemia. One hundred three patients with normal renal function and no history of taking potassium-depleting drugs comprise the substance of this study. Thirty three of 103 patients (32%) were hypokalemic. A higher prevalence (52.3%) was found in patients with hypercalcemia associated with malignant disease than in those with primary hyperparathyroidism (16.9%). In addition, the degree and frequency of hypokalemia were greatest at the higher serum calcium levels. The presence of hypokalemia must be considered when treating severe hypercalcemia; otherwise, vigorous use of diuretics may result in profound hypokalemia and tachyrhythmias.
New Oral Anticoagulants and the Risk for Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Manolis S. Kallistratos, Leonidas E. Poulimenos, Athanasios J. Manolis
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Report on health of migrants to UK shows high risk of TB and HIV
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Nearly three quarters of cases of tuberculosis, HIV, and malaria reported in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland in 2004 were in people born outside the United Kingdom. This is the finding of a report on infectious diseases among migrants published by the UK Health Protection Agency. 

The report analysed surveillance data for 2004 on a variety of infections in people born outside the UK. It showed that 70% of cases of tuberculosis and HIV reported in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland were in people born outside the UK. It also said that 70% of cases of malaria reported throughout the United Kingdom in 2004 were in people born outside the UK. 

Most of the newly recorded cases of chronic hepatitis B in England and Wales were also in people not born in the UK. 

Jane Jones, a consultant epidemiologist and head of the travel and migrant health section of the Health Protection Agency's Centre for Infections and one of the report's authors, said: “Migrants clearly have a disproportionate burden of infectious …
Standardized evaluation framework for evaluating coronary artery stenosis detection, stenosis quantification and lumen segmentation algorithms in computed tomography angiography
Authors: H.A. Kirişli, M. Schaap, C.T. Metz, A.S. Dharampal, W.B. Meijboom, S.L. Papadopoulou, A. Dedic, K. Nieman, M.A. de Graaf, M.F.L. Meijs, M.J. Cramer, A. Broersen, S. Cetin, A. Eslami, L. Flórez-Valencia, K.L. Lor, B. Matuszewski, I. Melki, B. Mohr, I. Öksüz, R. Shahzad, C. Wang, P.H. Kitslaar, G. Unal, A. Katouzian, M. Orkisz, C.M. Chen, F. Precioso, L. Najman, S. Masood, D. Ünay, L. van Vliet, R. Moreno, R. Goldenberg, E. Vuçini, G.P. Krestin, W.J. Niessen, T. van Walsum
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2013)
The Role of Big Data in Understanding Late-Life Cognitive Decline
Authors: Steven T. DeKosky
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
DEFLECTED PRESENTATION IN LABOR.
Authors: GUSTAV KOLISCHER
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The obstetrical terminology lacks in general exactness and precision. This is especially true, so far as slightly deflected head presentations are concerned. Not only in occasional papers and in general practice, but in textbooks which are considered standard books the normal head presentation is spoken of as vertex presentation, while there is no attention whatever paid to deflected presentations which lie between the normal inflected presentation and the face presentation. The normal head presentation is the occiput presentation and not the presentation of the vertex, which is the top of the head. In occiput presentations the posterior fontanelle is the lowest point of the skull. If we have to deal with a vertex presentation there is a slight abnormality, a slight deflection which brings anterior and posterior fontanelle into the same level. <h3>SOME ETIOLOGIC FACTORS.</h3> Without entering into a discussion of the various theories concerning the causes of this slight
A STUDY OF THE CHANGES IN THE BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS PRODUCED BY CYTOTOXIC SERA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HÆMOLYMPHOTOXIN
Authors: Harro Woltmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1905)

(1) The cytotoxins are not specific. (2) The changes occurring after the injection of different cytotoxins are similar and do not vary in kind. (3) The changes do, however, vary in degree in the following order, the one having the most marked effect being placed first, etc.: (a) Haemolymphotoxin, (b) Splenotoxin, (c) Lymphotoxin, (d) Endotheliotoxin, (e) Nephrotoxin, (f) Hepatotoxin. (4) Nephrotoxin causes the most specific change. (5) The haemolymph glands play some important part in the production of eosinophiles. The haemolytic action of haemolymphotoxic serum is greater than that of other cytotoxic sera. (6) The histological changes which are observed in every case are secondary to the haemolytic factor present in all cytotoxic sera.
Increased plasma concentrations of platelet factor 4 in coronary artery disease: a measure of in vivo platelet activation and secretion.
Authors: S P Levine, J Lindenfeld, J B Ellis, N M Raymond, L S Krentz
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Previous studies have shown that there is both a significant shortening in platelet survival and a measured hyperactivity to platelet-aggregating agents in patients with documented coronary artery disease compared with control groups. We used a recently described radioimmunoassay for the platelet-secreted protein platelet factor 4 (PF4) to study 162 patients with documented coronary artery disease. There was a significant increase in plasma PF4 concentrations in patients with documented coronary artery disease compared with angiographically normal patients (8.7 vs 16 ng/ml, respectively, n = 121), but as in previous studies of platelet survival, we could not correlate elevated plasma PF4 concentration and the severity or site of the coronary artery disease. In addition, there was no correlation with left ventricular function, serum cholesterol or the type of angina. Patients with confirmed acute myocardial infarction had no significant difference in mean plasma PF4 concentrations compared with similar groups of coronary disease patients who had prolonged chest pain or chronic stable angina. Coronary artery bypass grafting in a subgroup of patients did not affect the mean plasma PF4 concentration during 1 year of follow-up after bypass surgery, but medical therapy for angina with increasing doses of propranolol and nitrates significantly reduced PF4 concentration in another subgroup of patients who were not considered to be candidates for surgical therapy.
Bedside Percutaneous Right Heart Catheterization
Authors: Orlando S. Cabula
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Bedside estimation of right heart hemodynamics by catheterization has gained popularity since the development of flow-directed catheters. 1 Such a catheter, developed by Swan and Ganz, has received widespread acceptance. 2 Thus the measurement of right ventricular, pulmonary artery, and wedge pressures has been greatly simplified.  Ordinarily, these catheters are introduced through a cutdown procedure into the brachial or cephalic veins of the arm. 2 A truly percutaneous method for introducing this catheter has not been previously described. We have devised a simple percutaneous approach for introducing the Swan-Ganz catheter, avoiding the necessity of a cutdown. We are routinely using this method for monitoring the right heart hemodynamics of patients in acute respiratory failure.  After appropriate skin preparation and local anesthesia, the selected vein is penetrated with a 16-gm, two-inch, short beveled needle with obturator. The obturator is removed and the wire catheter guide from a USCI
Abstract A36: Fibronectin promotes glioma progression by modulating survivin expression and regulatory T cell infiltration
Authors: Sadhak Sengupta, Suvobroto Nandi, Cleo E. Rolle, Yu Han, Maciej S. Lesniak
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. Current therapies include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy which only modestly improve patient survival. Glioma progression depends upon exponential growth of the tumor cells accompanied by an increase in acute immunosuppression due to tumor infiltration by regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+, Tregs). Although several markers responsible for glioma progression have been described, none have been identified as key elements responsible for both glioma growth and immunosuppression. In this study we characterize the role of fibronectin, a high-molecular weight extracellular matrix glycoprotein secreted by tumor cells, in controlling glioma progression and mediating immunosuppression. Fibronectin binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins and plays an important role in cell signaling and defining cellular shape, mobility, and regulate the cell cycle. Inhibition of fibronectin expression in glioma cells using RNA-silencing delayed cell division in vitro. Analysis of the mechanism for this delayed cell division showed reduced phosphorylation of Src kinase and STAT-3 (Tyr705) resulting in inhibition of survivin, an important marker for glioma progression. In an animal model of glioma, the mean survival of experimental animals increased from 30 days for wild-type tumors to 53 days in fibronectin knockdown tumors. In vitro expression of Treg-recruiting chemokines was reduced in fibronectin knockdown tumor cells. Moreover, brain samples of animals bearing fibronectin knockdown tumors showed delayed infiltration of Tregs. Collectively, we propose that fibronectin is a key marker for glioma progression, as it enhances both tumor progression and immunosuppression. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):A36.
A Bronchoscope Sleeve
Authors: Theodorus J. Koopman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> When performing bronchoscopy with the patient under a general anesthetic, one source of annoyance is the fluctuating escape of gusts of anesthetic gases along the sides of the bronchoscope tube. Although this is mainly a problem for the anesthetist, the endoscopist also has to cope with it and is discomforted by it, especially if the patient is in a generally poor condition and the endoscopy needs to be continued for a considerable time. If the cuffed sliding metal sleeve is used together with the three-window slotted bronchoscope, no anesthetic gases can escape past the inflated cuff. At the same time, the bronchoscope is freely movable from one lung to the other. Obviously, only a regularly round bronchoscope can be used for this device. Figure 1 shows the bronchoscope with the three-window slots, the new sliding metal sleeve with its bayonet fitting the locking notch, and the inflatable
THE TREATMENT OF NEUROSYPHILIS
Authors: H. C. SOLOMON
Journal: JAMA (1923)

In considering the possibility of treatment of syphilis of the central nervous system, there are certain factors that must be given particular attention. Among these may be mentioned the potency of our antisyphilitic drugs, the varying virulence of the spirochetes in each case, the peculiarities of the central nervous system, whereby it is more or less separated from the viscera, the localization of the spirochetes within the central nervous system, and the pathologic processes produced. It must be admitted that our present-day antisyphilitic remedies, especially arsphenamin, mercury and the iodids, are far from ideally satisfactory in the treatment of syphilis, no matter what the stage of the disease. Even in the early primary stage of syphilis, it takes quite a large amount of treatment with these drugs to produce what is considered a cure, and there is a certain amount of evidence that leads one to doubt whether an actual
Premature ventricular complexes in the absence of identifiable heart disease.
Authors: J B Kostis, K McCrone, A E Moreyra, S Gotzoyannis, N M Aglitz, N Natarajan, P T Kuo
Journal: Circulation (1981)

To define the prevalence, frequency and characteristics of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) in adults free of recognizable heart disease, we performed 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography on 101 subjects (51 men and 50 women, mean age 48.8 years) in whom physical examination, chest x-ray, ECG, echocardiogram, maximal exercise stress test, right- and left-heart catheterization and coronary arteriography were normal. Thirty-nine subjects had at least 1 PVC/24 hours, but only four had more than 100 PVCs/24 hours and fewer than five had more than five PVCs in any given hour. The probability of having at least 1 PVC/24 hours increased with age (chi square = 11.789, p = 0.019). The number of PVCs/24 hours was also positively associated with age (4 = 0.33, p = 0.001). These was no consistent relationship between the presence or number of PVCs/24 hours and sex, blood pressure, weight, height, body mass index, serum potassium or calcium, cholesterol and triglyceride, hemoglobin, the ingestion of coffee, tea or alcohol, and cigarette smoking. Four subjects had multiform PVCs, two of whom had early PVCs.
P560 A FIVE YEAR REVIEW OF A TERTIARY CENTRE HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER MDT: EXPERIENCE OF OVER 1000 PATIENT REFERRALS
Authors: C. Coldham, C. Markham, S. Bramhall, J. Isaac, K. Mangat, H. Mergental, P. Muiesan, R. Marudanayagam, D. Mirza, T. Perera, R. Sutcliffe, S. Olliff, Y.T. Ma, K. Roberts, P. Punia, D. Palmer, P. Johnson, A. Stangou, T. Shah, S. Shetty
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Mitochondria and Quality Control Defects in a Mouse Model of Gaucher Disease—Links to Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Laura D. Osellame, Ahad A. Rahim, Iain P. Hargreaves, Matthew E. Gegg, Angela Richard-Londt, Sebastian Brandner, Simon N. Waddington, Anthony H.V. Schapira, Michael R. Duchen
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)

Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (gba) gene cause Gaucher disease (GD), the most common lysosomal storage disorder, and increase susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD). While the clinical and pathological features of idiopathic PD and PD related to gba (PD-GBA) mutations are very similar, cellular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in each are unclear. Using a mouse model of neuronopathic GD, we show that autophagic machinery and proteasomal machinery are defective in neurons and astrocytes lacking gba. Markers of neurodegeneration—p62/SQSTM1, ubiquitinated proteins, and insoluble α-synuclein—accumulate. Mitochondria were dysfunctional and fragmented, with impaired respiration, reduced respiratory chain complex activities, and a decreased potential maintained by reversal of the ATP synthase. Thus a primary lysosomal defect causes accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria as a result of impaired autophagy and dysfunctional proteasomal pathways. These data provide conclusive evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in GD and provide insight into the pathogenesis of PD and PD-GBA.