tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
German agency refuses to rule on drug's benefits until Pfizer discloses all trial results
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2009)

An independent scientific institute that conducts healthcare research and evaluations mainly on behalf of Germany’s public health insurance regulator has accused the drug giant Pfizer of “concealing” research data on its depression treatment reboxetine.

The Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care, which is based in Cologne and known in Germany as IQWiG, contends that Pfizer has refused to provide a complete list of all published and unpublished trials of reboxetine, which was approved in 1997 in Germany and marketed by Pfizer as Edronax.

If the institute says it is unable to assess the benefit of the drug because of lack of data, it is likely that health insurance companies in Germany may refuse to reimburse its cost.

“Deception through concealment is no trivial offence,” said the institute’s director, Peter Sawicki. “By concealing study data, the manufacturer is depriving patients and doctors of the opportunity to make an informed decision on …
Evaluation of infertility
Authors: A Campana
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1995)

The most important goal of fertility investigation is to identify the cause(s) of infertility and to prescribe adequate therapy. The couple should be treated as a single unit as each partner contributes a share to the infertility potential of the couple. Evaluation should begin with the taking of a detailed history and a complete physical examination of both partners, which may point the investigation in a particular direction. However, other pertinent fertility factors should not be overlooked. A standardized and comprehensive approach to the investigation of infertility is proposed and is presented as a series of flow charts.
Interference with Uptake of Radioiodine Tracer during the Administration of Vitamin-Mineral Mixtures
Authors: Lawrence A. Kohn, Edna B. Nichols
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

IN an attempt to explain the occasional discrepantly low value of radioiodine uptake found in tracer studies, it seemed that some of the vitamin-mineral preparations containing iodine might be involved. The interference of previously administered mineral or organic iodine with this test is well established, and after some organic iodine compounds, such as gall-bladder dyes, have been taken, the effect may be of long duration. The minimal blocking dose of iodine has not been established, but it may be quite small, since it is known that remissions in thyrotoxicosis can occasionally be induced by quantities of 1.5 mg. a day. . . .
AN OPTICAL ILLUSION
Authors: F. W. Edridge-Green
Journal: BMJ (1930)

I HAVE often noticed the phenomenon mentioned by Mr. J. W. Giltay in NATURE of April 23 (p. 189). In the position in which he was reading the sunlight passed through his eyelids and the coats of his eyes, and on account of having to pass through a layer of blood which acted as a red screen his retinas become flooded with red light. The red is not noticed where it is diluted with white, but the print appears red because red light is falling on the portions of the retina which receive the images of the printed letters.
Efficacy of vitamin B-6 in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: systematic review
Authors: K. M Wyatt, P. W Dimmock, P. W Jones, P M Shaughn O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<b>Objective</b>: To evaluate the efficacy of vitamin B-6 in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. <b>Design</b>: Systematic review of published and unpublished randomised placebo controlled trials of the effectiveness of vitamin B-6 in the management of premenstrual syndrome. <b>Subjects</b>: Nine published trials representing 940 patients with premenstrual syndrome. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Proportion of women whose overall premenstrual symptoms showed an improvement over placebo. A secondary analysis was performed on the proportion of women whose premenstrual depressive symptoms showed an improvement over placebo. <b>Results</b>: Odds ratio relative to placebo for an improvement in overall premenstrual symptoms was 2.32 (95% confidence interval 1.95 to 2.54). Odds ratio relative to placebo for an improvement in depressive symptoms was 1.69 (1.39 to 2.06) from four trials representing 541 patients. <b>Conclusion</b>: Conclusions are limited by the low quality of most of the trials included. Results suggest that doses of vitamin B-6 up to 100 mg/day are likely to be of benefit in treating premenstrual symptoms and premenstrual depression.
Generation and Assessment of Functional Biomaterial Scaffolds for Applications in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Svenja Hinderer, Eva Brauchle, Katja Schenke‐Layland
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Current clinically applicable tissue and organ replacement therapies are limited in the field of cardiovascular regenerative medicine. The available options do not regenerate damaged tissues and organs, and, in the majority of the cases, show insufficient restoration of tissue function. To date, anticoagulant drug‐free heart valve replacements or growing valves for pediatric patients, hemocompatible and thrombus‐free vascular substitutes that are smaller than 6 mm, and stem cell‐recruiting delivery systems that induce myocardial regeneration are still only visions of researchers and medical professionals worldwide and far from being the standard of clinical treatment. The design of functional off‐the‐shelf biomaterials as well as automatable and up‐scalable biomaterial processing methods are the focus of current research endeavors and of great interest for fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Here, various approaches that aim to overcome the current limitations are reviewed, focusing on biomaterials design and generation methods for myocardium, heart valves, and blood vessels. Furthermore, novel contact‐ and marker‐free biomaterial and extracellular matrix assessment methods are highlighted.
The Electrocardiographic Findings in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Dilatation
Authors: LOUIS A. SOLOFF, JOHN W. LAWRENCE
Journal: Circulation (1962)

THE electrocardiographic patterns of sub- jects who had evidence at necropsy of left ventricular hypertrophy have been com- prehensively reviewed by Seott.1 2 Although no close relationship can be demonstrated between any specific electrocardiographic abnormality and the heart weight, the left ventricular weight, the left ventricular wall
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice
Authors: Martin S. Litwin
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-599 Angiographic and clinical outcome in the treatment of Restenosis of Drug Eluting Stents with drug coated balloons in diabetics: Insights from the PEPCAD-DES study
Authors: Harald Rittger, Johannes Brachmann, Matthias Waliszewski, Ralf Birkemeyer, Christoph Garlichs, Jochen Wöhrle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Evaluation of serum s-IgE/total IgE ratio in predicting clinical response to allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Gabriele Di Lorenzo, Pasquale Mansueto, Maria Luisa Pacor, Manfredi Rizzo, Francesco Castello, Nicola Martinelli, Vito Ditta, Claudia Lo Bianco, Maria Stefania Leto-Barone, Alberto D'Alcamo, Gaetana Di Fede, Giovam Battista Rini, Anne Marie Ditto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Abstract 1534: Laminin binding integrin functions in human bone metastatic cancer
Authors: Isis C. Sroka, Jaime M.C. Gard, Erika Pond, Sangita C. Pawar, Raymond B. Nagle, Anne E. Cress
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Laminin binding integrins are major determinants of cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis. In human prostate cancer, both A6B1 and A3B1 laminin-binding integrins are expressed on tumor cell surfaces as observed in either prostatectomy or needle biopsy specimens. In human breast cancer, the A6 integrin is expressed in both primary tumors and in metastatic lesions. Integrin A6B1 is post-translationally modified on the tumor cell surface by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), producing a structural variant, A6pB1. While the A6pB1 form is devoid of the ligand binding domain, A3B1 is fully functional and not subject to cleavage. In this study, we observed the continued expression of the A6B1 integrin on tumor cell surfaces within human bone metastatic lesions as well as in human tumor xenografts growing within bone. The cleavage function of the A6 integrin was found to be constitutively expressed on nine different cancer cell lines derived from breast, prostate, lung, pancreatic tumors. Interestingly, five different normal cell types expressing the adhesion active A6B1 integrin did not have the constitutive cleavage function. However, the cleavage function in normal cells was inducible by the exogenous addition of uPA. Selection of successive bone resident cancer cells selects for constitutive cleavage of A6 integrin and increasing expression of A3B1 integrin. Taken together, these data suggest that the cleavage function is constitutively activated in cancer specimens and opens the possibility cleavage mediated release from laminin binding may be coordinated with A3 dependent adhesion. (Supported in part by CA23752 and the TACMASS core service of the Arizona Cancer Center). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1534. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1534
Post-traumatic psychological distress may present in rheumatology clinics
Authors: J. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—In their Lesson of the Week Gabriel and Neal mentioned that somatisation of mental disharmony may obscure the diagnosis.1 Their report concentrated on post-traumatic stress disorder in military personnel, but other groups may have experienced horrific experiences causing spinal pain that results in referral to rheumatologists.

We have reviewed clinic letters of patients seen between June 2001 and February 2002 in a rheumatology clinic specialising in spinal pain. Three new patients referred …
Low-energy endocardial defibrillation using an axillary or a pectoral thoracic electrode location.
Authors: S Saksena, P DeGroot, R B Krol, R Raju, P Mathew, R Mehra
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND A significant proportion of patients receiving endocardial defibrillation lead systems must accept either high defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) with lower safety margins or lead implantation by thoracotomy. We examined the feasibility of achieving universal application of endocardial leads and lower defibrillation energy requirements by optimizing the lead system location in conjunction with biphasic shocks. METHODS AND RESULTS Two defibrillation catheter electrodes were positioned in the right ventricle and superior vena cava. Thoracic patch electrodes were placed at three sites (apical, pectoral, and axillary). Fifteen-joule, 10-J, and 5-J bidirectional simultaneous biphasic shocks were delivered across three different triple electrode configurations (right ventricle, superior vena cava, and patch) after inducing ventricular fibrillation (VF), and DFT was determined. All patients in whom VF was reproducibly inducible (14 patients) could be reproducibly defibrillated at 15 J at one or more patch electrode locations. Fifteen-joule shocks were effective at three thoracic electrode locations in 12 patients and at two electrode locations in 6 patients. The lowest mean single-shock DFT was 8.1 +/- 3.8 J. In 4 patients, ventricular flutter was reproducibly induced and reverted at 15 J in all patients. Mean DFT for the axillary location was 8.3 +/- 3.5 J and was significantly lower than apical (12.8 +/- 5.6 J, P = .008) and pectoral (11.6 +/- 4.1 J, P &lt; .04) patch locations. The probability of success was significantly higher at 10 J with axillary location (78% of patients, P &lt; .03 compared with both other sites) and at 15 J (P &lt; .05 compared with the apical location). Low-energy endocardial defibrillation (&lt; or = 10 J) was feasible in 10 of 14 tested patients at more than 1 thoracic electrode location at 10 J, whereas only 1 of 7 successful patients could be reverted at more than 1 electrode location at 5 J (P &lt; .02). CONCLUSIONS The use of axillary or pectoral patch lead location can allow endocardial defibrillation with biphasic shocks at energies &lt; or = 15 J in this lead configuration. Virtually universal application of endocardial defibrillation lead systems can be predicted from these data. Reduction in maximum pulse generator output to &lt; or = 25 J using these two thoracic electrode locations with bidirectional shocks can be feasible and maintain an adequate safety margin and permit thoracic pulse generator implantation. Lowering endocardial defibrillation energy &lt; 10 J requires increasing specificity of thoracic electrode location.
Principles of Addiction Medicine
Authors: A. Matthews
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DISTRIBUTION AND FATE OF INTRAVENOUSLY ADMINISTERED MODIFIED HUMAN GLOBIN AND ITS EFFECT ON BLOOD VOLUME. STUDIES UTILIZING I131 TAGGED GLOBIN 1
Authors: Solomon A. Berson, Rosalyn S. Yalow, Joseph Post, Lawrence H. Wisham, Katharina N. Newerly, Manuel J. Villazon, Oscar N. Vazquez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)
Work based learning
Authors: Kieran Walsh
Journal: BMJ (2005)

In the past medical students and doctors did much of their learning in lecture halls. They then sat an examination or some other type of formal assessment. Their learning had a specific end point, when they picked up a degree or certificate. Most doctors thought that this was “proper learning” and that all other learning was somehow not up to scratch.

The problem with this type of learning is that it misses out a lot of informal learning. …
Quantitative Importance of Dietary Constituents Other Than Glucose as Insulin Secretagogues in Type II Diabetes
Authors: Frank Q Nuttall, Mary C Gannon
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

In seven type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients, given either 50 g glucose or a mixed meal potentially containing 61 g glucose as starch and sucrose, the postmeal plasma glucose area integrated over 4 h was less after the mixed meal. The insulin area was considerably greater (2.1-fold). The greater increase in insulin could be explained largely, but not entirely, by the protein and fructose in the mixed meal (85%) which, in addition to glucose, are known insulin secretagogues. The residual unexplained increase may be due to a synergistic interaction of these secretagogues, an unidentified insulin secretagogue, or by a reduced insulin removal rate. These possibilities remain to be explored.
Anti-midbody antibodies as a possible predictive factor for a special limited or abortive form of systemic sclerosis?
Authors: A K Tausche
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

Autoantibodies (AAb), typically detectable in sera of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), are more or less specific and directed against DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70), centromeric (CENP-B) and nucleolar (fibrillarin, RNA polymerases, Th/To, PM/Scl) antigens and are found also in mixed connective tissue diseases or even before disease manifestation.1,2 In rare cases, AAb to cell cycle associated antigens of the centriole/centrosome, the nuclear mitotic apparatus, the stem body, the cleavage furrow, and the midbody region can be found.3–5 In the mid-1980s two separate groups described anti-midbody antibodies (aMB) in five patients with SSc and in one patient with Raynaud’s syndrome.4,5 The target antigen(s) of aMB are still unknown proteins of the cleavage furrow and the midbody region of dividing cells and are detected by indirect immunofluorescence on tumour cell monolayer (HEp-2).

A …
Nurses in charge of blood donor sessions
Authors: U. M Hopegood, R. J Owen, J Paranjpe
Journal: BMJ (1986)

addin 20% salicylsulphonic acid.The presence of protein on two consecutive clinic visits in the absence ofurinary tract infection or other evidence of renal tract disease was considered to be proteinuria suggestive of diabetic nephropathy.We had no facilities to determine glycosylated haemo- globin.The mean of the last five blood glucose values obtained during clinic visits was used to assess glycaemic control.The mean age of the diabetics and the prevalence of proteinuria in our study were similar to those reported by Dr A Samanta and others (9 August, p 367), but there was no great differences in the prevalence of proteinuria between the sexes.Nearly all the patients attending the diabetic clinic were non-vegetarians and most ofthem were from a lower income group who could not afford a Clinical details ofpatients studied No studied 200 Men 95 Women 105 Mean age (years) 52 Mean duration of diabetes (years) 6-3 No (%) treated with insulin 35 (17 5) Insulin dependent diabetics 4 No (%) with proteinuria 33 (16-5) Men 15 Women 18 With hypertension 14(42-4) (-160/95 mm Hg) Mean(%)ofthe last five 2 hour postprandial bloodsugar 10 mmol/l 108 (54%)
Endocrine aspects of liver disease.
Authors: R G Long
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Some diseases that affect the liver may present with endocrine symptoms?for example, haemochromatosis often presents with the symptoms of diabetes mellitus or testicular failure. Patients with primary liver-cell carcinomas, particularly the Chinese, commonly present with erythrocytosis and hypercalcaemia, which are believed to be due to synthesis of erythropoietin and parathyroid-hormone-like peptides.1 The endocrine abnormali ties seen in cirrhosis, however, are secondary to the underlying liver disease, and most of the endocrine glands are affected. Poor hepatic metabolism of hormones and abnormalities of plasma-binding proteins may aggravate the condition. This paper reviews the clinical and biochemical endocrine abnor malities seen in patients with chronic liver disease, but does not specifically cover hereditary or rare diseases.
Short-Term Residential Psychotherapy: Psychotherapy in a Nutshell
Authors: M.P. Bolten
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

Psychotherapy in a psychotherapeutic community often is characterized by absence of time limits and by long duration. In this article an account is given of the adaptions that are necessary when short-term treatment is carried out in such a residential setting. Implications for focus, therapy program, and treatment style are presented.
High cholesterol may increase risk of testicular cancer
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

High cholesterol concentrations may increase the risk of testicular cancer, a study has shown. The study investigated the relationship between risk of testicular cancer and blood cholesterol. Researchers found that men with the highest cholesterol concentrations had a cancer risk 4.5 times that for the men with the lowest concentrations.

“The highly significant positive association between serum cholesterol and testicular cancer risk found in this population-based cohort study suggests that an elevated concentration of serum …
External quantification of myocardial perfusion by exponential infusion of positron-emitting radionuclides.
Authors: S N Hack, J O Eichling, S R Bergmann, M J Welch, B E Sobel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

A technique was developed and evaluated using the exponential infusion of positron-emitting diffusible tracers to quantitate myocardial perfusion. The approach employs a parameter that rapidly reaches a constant value as a function of tracer delivery rate, isotope decay constant, and the monotonically increasing tissue radioactivity. Isolated rabbit hearts with controlled flow were used to evaluate the approach, because tracer kinetics in such preparations mimic those in vivo. Accordingly, exponential infusions of H2 15O and [11C]butanol were administered to 25 isolated rabbit hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (KH) alone or KH enriched with erythrocytes (KH-RBC, hematocrit = 40). With flow varied from 1.2 to 5 ml/g per min in eight KH hearts infused with H2 15O, actual and estimated flow correlated closely (r = 0.95, n = 52 determinations). For the KH-RBC hearts, flow was varied from 0.3 to 1.5 ml/g per min. Actual and estimated flow correlated significantly for both the 14 KH-RBC hearts infused with H2 15O (r = 0.90, n = 89 determinations) and the 3 KH-RBC hearts infused with [11C]butanol (r = 0.93, n = 13 determinations). In addition, the required exponentially increasing arterial tracer concentrations were shown to be attainable in vivo in dogs and rhesus monkeys after intravenous exponential administrations of tracer. The results suggest that the approach developed employing exponential tracer infusion permits accurate measurement of myocardial perfusion and that it should prove useful in the noninvasive measurement of regional myocardial perfusion in vivo by positron emission tomography.