tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lateralization of Auditory Sensory Gating and Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
Authors: Robert J. Thoma, Faith M. Hanlon, Sandra N. Moses, J. Christopher Edgar, Mingxiong Huang, Michael P. Weisend, Jessica Irwin, Andrea Sherwood, Kim Paulson, Juan Bustillo, Lawrence E. Adler, Gregory A. Miller, Jose M. Cañive
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

Sensory gating assessed via EEG in a paired-click paradigm has often served as a neurophysiological metric of attentional function in schizophrenia. However, the standard EEG measure of sensory gating using the P50 component at electrode Cz does not foster differential assessment of left and right hemisphere contributions. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is complementary to EEG, and its analogous M50 component may be better suited for localization and analysis of such lateralized cortical generators. The authors hypothesized that 1) auditory gating would be evident in M50 sources in superior temporal gyrus, demonstrating ratios similar to P50; 2) M50 would resemble P50 in distinguishing gating in comparison subjects and patients with schizophrenia, but M50 would show lateralization of the gating deficit; and 3) P50 and M50 sensory gating ratios would predict neuropsychological measures in patients and comparison subjects, with the MEG identification of left and right hemisphere sources allowing for the evaluation of lateralization in brain-behavior relationships.Event-related EEG and MEG recordings were simultaneously obtained from 20 patients with schizophrenia and 15 comparison subjects. P50 amplitudes, M50 dipole source strengths, and P50 and M50 gating ratios were compared and assessed with respect to scores on neuropsychological performance measures.M50 dipoles localizing to superior temporal gyrus demonstrated gating similar to that of P50. As expected, patients demonstrated less P50 gating than did comparison subjects. Left (but not right) hemisphere M50 gating 1) correlated with EEG gating, 2) differentiated patients and comparison subjects, and 3) correlated with neuropsychological measures of sustained attention and working memory.Converging evidence from EEG, MEG, and neuropsychological measures points to left hemisphere dysfunction as strongly related to the well-established sensory gating deficit in schizophrenia.
Constrictive Pericarditis in Childhood Due to Mediastinal Irradiation
Authors: RONALD D. GREENWOOD, AMNON ROSENTHAL, ROBERT CASSADY, NORMAN JAFFE, ALEXANDER S. NADAS
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Between 1955 and 1972, eight children receiving mediastinal irradiation for intrathoracic malignancy developed constrictive pericarditis. Six of these followed irradiation for Hodgkin's disease and represent 7% of 86 children receiving irradiation for that disease. In patients with Hodgkin's disease, the development of constrictive pericarditis was related to the dose of radiation and the use of orthovoltage technique. Constrictive pericarditis has not yet developed among the 44 children radiated by supravoltage technique. Symptoms of constrictive pericarditis occurred an average of 15 months (4/12 to 3 2/12 years) after irradiation and were preceded in five of the eight patients by acute pericarditis. Prominent clinical findings included dyspnea, Kussmaul sign, pulsus paradoxicus, hepatomegaly, cardiomegaly and electrocardiographic evidence of low QRS voltages with ST-T wave changes. Pericardiectomy was performed in six patients and resulted in immediate but only transient symptomatic relief. There was no operative mortality. Death occurred in six of the eight patients (1 5/12 to 6 6/12 years following irradiation) due to cardiac disease in three, progression of the malignancy in two and infection in one. In addition to constrictive pericarditis, extensive myocardial fibrosis and involvement of the antero-lateral papillary muscle and chordae tendineae of the mitral valve were demonstrated at postmortem examination. These factors may explain the progression of cardiac disease despite an initial symptomatic improvement following pericardiectomy.
Reply to G.R. Varadhachary et al
Authors: Federico A. Monzon, David W. Henner, C. Ted Rigl, Glenda G. Anderson, Ljubomir Buturovic, Raji Pillai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

We appreciate the positive comments on our work 1 from Drs Varadhachary and Raber. 2 We have followed their group's work in this field and also want to acknowledge their important contributions.It is clear that we all share enthusiasm for the recent advances in tissue of origin determination by gene expression analysis and the promise that these approaches may lead to better outcomes for patients with tumors of unknown origin.
"Opportunist" mycobacterial infection
Authors: G. PORTER-JONES
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Myositis associated with graft-versus-hostdisease (GVHD) typically presents with proximal muscle weakness, myalgias, and a raised creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) level.We report a case of a 51 year old man who developed respiratory muscle weakness five years after an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for multiple myeloma.His symptoms included tachypnoea, abdominal paradox, and orthopnoea.Pulmonary function tests revealed diminished vital capacity and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures.Serum CPK levels were raised and a peripheral muscle biopsy specimen was consistent with GVHD.He improved with immunosuppressive therapy.
A 1 Adenosine Receptor Upregulation Accompanies Decreasing Myocardial Adenosine Levels in Mice With Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Hajime Funakoshi, Lefteris C. Zacharia, Zhonghua Tang, Jin Zhang, Ling L. Lee, Julie C. Good, David E. Herrmann, Yoshihiro Higuchi, Walter J. Koch, Edwin K. Jackson, Tung O. Chan, Arthur M. Feldman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— It is well known that adenosine levels are increased during ischemia and protect the heart during ischemia/reperfusion. However, less is known about the role of adenosine–adenosine receptor (AR) pathways in hearts with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction. Therefore, we assessed adenosine levels and selective AR expression in transgenic mice with left ventricular systolic dysfunction secondary to overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF 1.6). Methods and Results— Cardiac adenosine levels were reduced by 70% at 3 and 6 weeks of age in TNF 1.6 mice. This change was accompanied by a 4-fold increase in the levels of A 1 -AR and a 50% reduction in the levels of A 2A -AR. That the increase in A 1 -AR density was of physiological significance was shown by the fact that chronotropic responsiveness to the A 1 -AR selective agonist 2-chloro- N 6 -cyclopentanyladenosine was enhanced in the TNF 1.6 mice. Similar changes in adenosine levels were found in 2 other models of heart failure, mice overexpressing calsequestrin and mice after chronic pressure overload, suggesting that the changes in adenosine-AR signaling were secondary to myocardial dysfunction rather than to TNF overexpression. Conclusions— Cardiac dysfunction secondary to the overexpression of TNF is associated with marked alterations in myocardial levels of adenosine and ARs. Modulation of the myocardial adenosine system and its signaling pathways may be a novel therapeutic target in patients with heart failure.
HLA-DR Synthesis Induction and Expression in HLA-DR-Negative Carcinoma Cell Lines of Diverse Origins by Interferon-γ but not by Interferon-β&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A R Shaw, J K Chan, S Reid, J Seehafer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

De novo synthesis of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens was induced by affinity-purified preparations of interferon (IFN)-gamma, but not by IFN-beta (as judged by the criteria of cell surface expression and protein synthesis) in human osteogenic sarcoma, colorectal carcinoma, and melanoma cell lines that were not constitutive producers of these antigens. The synthesis of heavy-chain and light-chain (beta 2-microglobulin) components of MHC class I antigens was enhanced by both IFN-gamma and IFN-beta; IFN-gamma showed the greater activity. IFN-gamma and IFN-beta also enhanced the expression of class I antigens on the plasma membrane in a dose-dependent manner; IFN-gamma was again the more active agent. Only IFN-gamma induced the membrane appearance of class II antigens in cell lines that appeared negative for HLA-DR expression by all criteria. However, in SW480 cells, which spontaneously express low levels of HLA-DR, IFN-gamma and IFN-beta both enhanced the expression of class II antigens. These results suggest that IFN of both types amplify the products of actively transcribed genes, but that type II IFN is unique in its capacity to induce HLA-DR expression in nonconstitutive cell lines. Kinetic studies showed that enhancement of class I membrane expression preceded the induction of class II expression and peaked earlier. The specificity of these responses was underlined by the inability of either IFN to enhance the synthesis or expression of the tumor-associated membrane glycoprotein gp22. The data indicate that tumor cell lines of diverse tissue origin that do not synthesize or express class II antigens by the criteria of immunoprecipitation or monoclonal antibody binding can be induced to do so by IFN-gamma and may therefore be subject to therapeutic and immunoregulatory modulation.
Gene Therapy: The Challenges of Translating Laboratory Research Into Clinical Practice
Authors: Philip P. Connell, Ralph R. Weichselbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.92.042 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12805319 Gene Therapy: The Challenges of Translating Laboratory Research Into Clinical Practice Philip P. ConnellxPhilip P. ConnellSearch for articles by this author , Ralph R. Weichselbaum*xRalph R. WeichselbaumSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Chicago, Chicago, IL https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.92.042 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Gene Therapy: The Challenges of Translating Laboratory Research Into Clinical Practice." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(12), pp. 2230–2231© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Indices of Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: A O'N Daunt, N L Cox, J C Robertson, M I D Cawley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1987)

Psoriatic arthritis (PA) may respond to disease-modifying antirheumatic therapy. The value of assessing disease activity with indices devised for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was investigated in 72 patients with seronegative PA. Thirty patients had a peripheral polyarthritis including the distal interphalangeal joints (DIPJs) and 15 a symmetrical arthritis sparing DIPJs (RA-like). Significant correlations (Spearman rank test) were seen between the clinical variables (pain score, grip strength, Ritchie articular index and a summated index of disease activity) in these two groups. Ten patients with a markedly asymmetrical arthritis showed a poor correlation between clinical variables. Although the objective indices - erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein - correlated together in the first two groups, the ESR correlated solely with clinical indices, and then only in RA-like patients. These results cast some doubt on the value of assessment methods based on RA when evaluating subgroups of PA other than RA-like disease.
DHEA therapy for women: effect on sexual function and wellbeing
Authors: M. Panjari, Susan R. Davis
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2007)

DHEA is increasingly available commercially as a supplement aimed at improving libido and wellbeing in postmenopausal women. However there is scant evidence to support the use of DHEA for this purpose, and safety data for DHEA therapy are lacking. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulphate DHEAS are the most abundant circulating sex steroid hormones in women, providing a large precursor reservoir for the intracellular production of androgens and oestrogens in non-reproductive tissues. Levels of DHEA and DHEAS decline with age. It has been proposed that restoring the circulating levels of these steroids to those found in young people may have anti-ageing effects and improve wellbeing and sexual function. However this is not supported by the published literature. We have reviewed the physiology of DHEA and DHEAS in women and the published literature pertaining to the use of DHEA therapy for libido and wellbeing in postmenopausal women. The literature was searched using Medline (Ovid) and Pub-Med for original studies. Overall, the interpretation of data from randomised controlled trials conducted in well women is limited by inadequate sample size and short treatment durations with inconsistent results for the outcomes of libido and wellbeing. Studies of DHEA in women with adrenal insufficiency, although indicating potential improvements in mood and libido, are also limited by their short treatment phase durations. In addition safety data for DHEA therapy are lacking. The potential value of DHEA therapy for women still requires exploration in adequately powered well-designed randomised placebo-controlled trials. The studies of DHEA therapy in women with adrenal insufficiency suggest that this group is the most likely to derive health benefits from DHEA supplementation.
Profiling Genetic Variation along the Androgen Biosynthesis and Metabolism Pathways Implicates Several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Combinations as Prostate Cancer Risk Factors
Authors: Nina Mononen, Eija H. Seppälä, Priya Duggal, Ville Autio, Tarja Ikonen, Pekka Ellonen, Juha Saharinen, Janna Saarela, Mauno Vihinen, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Olli Kallioniemi, Joan E. Bailey-Wilson, Johanna Schleutker
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Several candidate genes along androgen pathway have been suggested to affect prostate cancer risk but no single gene seems to be overwhelmingly important for a large fraction of the patients. In this study, we first screened for variants in candidate genes and then chose to explore the association between 18 variants and prostate cancer risk by genotyping DNA samples from unselected (n = 847) and familial (n = 121) prostate cancer patients and population controls (n = 923). We identified a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CYP19A1 gene, T201M, with a mild significant association with prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR), 2.04; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.03-4.03; P = 0.04]. Stratified analysis revealed that this risk was most apparent in patients with organ-confined (T1-T2) and low-grade (WHO grade 1) tumors (OR, 5.42; 95% CI, 2.33-12.6; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In contrast, CYP17A1 −34T&amp;gt;C alteration was associated with moderate to poorly differentiated (WHO grade 2-3) organ-confined disease (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09-1.83; P = 0.007). We also tested a multigenic model of prostate cancer risk by calculating the joint effect of CYP19A1 T201M with five other common SNPs. Individuals carrying both the CYP19A1 and KLK3 −252A&amp;gt;G variant alleles had a significantly increased risk for prostate cancer (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.10-7.49; P = 0.03). In conclusion, our results suggest that several SNPs along the androgen pathway, especially in CYP19A1 and CYP17A1, may influence prostate cancer development and progression. These genes may have different contributions to distinct clinical subsets as well as combinatorial effects in others illustrating that profiling and joint analysis of several genes along each pathway may be needed to understand genetic contributions to prostate cancer etiology. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(2): 743-7)
Being overweight or obese and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis among women: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bing Lu, Linda T Hiraki, Jeffrey A Sparks, Susan Malspeis, Chia-Yen Chen, J Adebukola Awosogba, Elizabeth V Arkema, Karen H Costenbader, Elizabeth W Karlson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

Supravalvular aortic stenosis (McKusick 18550) is a rare hereditary condition with autosomal dominant transmission. However, the available data have been limited to small family groups which do not allow the definition of the degree of penetrance of the disease. The present study describes a large family with a high frequency of supravalvular aortic stenosis including five generations and 80 subjects, the largest family group with this disease studied so far. The study was carried out prospectively in 66 subjects (clinical examination, ECG, M mode and two dimensional echocardiography). In 14 subjects available data were examined retrospectively. In 10 patients cardiac catheterisation was performed (prospective study in eight). The disease was present in 36 (45%) of the 80 subjects investigated, on the basis of clinical, echocardiographic, and haemodynamic (when available) criteria. The disease was found to be severe in eight cases (22%), moderate in six cases (17%), mild in 13 (36%), and undefined in eight (22%) patients. In one case (3%), multiple pulmonary stenoses were noted in the absence of supravalvular aortic stenosis. Genetic analysis of these data shows, for the first time, the degree of penetrance of the supravalvular aortic stenosis trait (K = 0.86) and confirms that it is transmitted with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity.
Intensive Systemic Chemotherapy Combined With Surgery for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results of a Phase II Study
Authors: Julien Taïeb, Pascal Artru, François Paye, Christophe Louvet, Nathalie Perez, Thierry André, Brice Gayet, Mohamed Hebbar, Frédérique Maindrault Goebel, Christophe Tournigand, Rolland Parc, Aimery de Gramont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the metastatic irinotecan plus oxaliplatin (MIROX) strategy (adjuvant FOLFOX-7 followed by FOLFIRI), in patients with resectable metastatic colorectal cancer.Forty-seven patients with resectable metastases of colorectal cancer were prospectively enrolled onto this study. Treatment consisted of six cycles of leucovorin 400 mg/m(2), oxaliplatin 130 mg/m(2) in a 120-minute infusion, and fluorouracil (FU) 2,400 mg/m(2) in a 46-hour infusion, every 2 weeks (FOLFOX-7), followed by six cycles of leucovorin 400 mg/m(2), irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) in a 90-minute infusion, bolus FU 400 mg/m(2), and FU 2,400 mg/m(2) as a 46-hour infusion, every 2 weeks (FOLFIRI). Surgery was performed before chemotherapy in 25 patients and after six cycles of FOLFOX-7 in 22 patients (six cycles of FOLFIRI were administered after surgery).All but one of the patients underwent curative surgery. Two patients refused postoperative chemotherapy. Tolerability was generally good. The main toxicities were grade 3 to 4 neutropenia (13%) and thrombocytopenia (11%); no febrile neutropenia or bleeding occurred, and there were no deaths caused by toxicity. Two pathologically confirmed complete responses and 15 partial responses were obtained with FOLFOX-7 in the 22 patients who received this regimen before surgery (overall response rate, 77%; 95% CI, 68 to 86). The median disease-free survival time was 21 months; the median overall survival has not yet been reached. The 2-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 89% and 47%, respectively.The MIROX strategy is feasible and well tolerated by patients with resectable metastatic colorectal cancer. Progression-free and overall survival rates are promising, with a median of 38 months of follow-up. This strategy currently is being compared with the leucovorin and FU regimen in a phase III trial.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in T-prolymphocytic leukemia: a retrospective study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and the Royal Marsden Consortium
Authors: W Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, C Dearden, L de Wreede, A van Biezen, L Brinch, V Leblond, M Brune, L Volin, M Kazmi, A Nagler, J Schetelig, T de Witte, P Dreger
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Effect of vitamin E supplementation on antibody levels against malondialdehyde modified LDL in hyperlipidemic hamsters
Authors: F G de Oliveira, C L Rossi, M G de Oliveira, M J Saad, L A Velloso
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of vitamin E (VE) supplementation on the formation of autoantibodies against oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) in a hyperlipidemic animal model.Thirty-four male hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), (4 weeks old) were divided into three groups: Group A (n=9) was fed with standard rodent chow; group B (n=13) was fed with a standard rodent chow plus 2% cholesterol and 10% butter and group C (n=12) was fed with the same diet plus 0.2% (w/w) VE. Blood samples were collected by intracardiac puncture and antibody levels were determined in each animal at 4 weeks of age and after 20 weeks of experimental diet. A modified ELISA technique was used to analyze the modulation of autoantibody titers against an epitope of oxidized LDL in serum samples. Antigens prepared for the ELISA tests were characterized using spectrofluorimetry. Serum VE levels were determined in the lipidic fractions by HPLC.The groups fed with cholesterol-fat enriched diet presented a three-fold increase in total serum cholesterol and two-fold increase in serum triglycerides compared to the control group. VE supplementation played no role in serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride concentrations but led to a decreased autoantibody (anti-LDL-malondialdehyde) formation (P<0.05).Our results show that VE supplementation leads to a lower production of autoantibodies against oxidized LDL, suggesting a protective effect of VE against in vivo oxidation of LDL particles, in a dose-dependent manner.
Hyperuricemia, Gout, and the Executive Suite
Authors: Jack L. Katz
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Eight pairs of adult brothers (in one instance, actually first cousins raised together), all with family histories of gout and therefore likely to have hyperuricemia, were examined for possible correlations between achievement-related variables and relative serum uric acid (SUA) levels within each pair. Manifest achievement, achievement orientation, and achievement drive did not reliably predict which brother in each pair possessed the higher SUA level. However, when the variable of obesitydietary content was employed, significant predictive success was attained. Obesity did not correlate with achievement drive. However, the tonic and phasic eating histories of our subjects do suggest a possible explanation for the previous reports of a correlation between SUA level and such achievement-related variables.