tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exercise performance in thalassemia major: Correlation with cardiac iron burden
Authors: Eugene Y. Sohn, Roberta Kato, Leila J. Noetzli, Aakanksha Gera, Thomas Coates, Paul Harmatz, Thomas G. Keens, John C. Wood
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Exercise performance is decreased in patients with Thalassemia major (TM), but the relative impact of anemia and iron overload on exercise capacity is unknown. We assessed the cardiopulmonary function of 71, well-transfused TM patients via graded treadmill exercise stress test. All patients underwent MRI of the heart, pancreas, and liver and diagnostic phlebotomy. Patients ranged in age from 13 to 46 years of age. Fifteen patients were excluded from analysis due to submaximal effort. Mean Vo2 max was 83.0% of predicted and was limited by abnormal cardiovascular mechanisms, consisting of a decreased O2 pulse (86.6% of predicted) in men and decreased maximum heart rate (HR) response (85% of predicted) in women. Patients with hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL had lower O2 pulse and Vo2 max, regardless of sex. Cardiac iron was negatively associated with maximum HR response and Vo2 max (r2 = 0.10 and 0.08, respectively, P < 0.05). Vo2 max was correlated with cardiac R2*, hs-CRP, sex and hemoglobin in decreasing strength of association. In thalassemia, exercise performance is limited by impaired stroke-volume reserve in men and blunted HR response in women. Iron toxicity may be mediated through vascular inflammation and direct modulation of HR response to exercise.
HTLV-1 unrelated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with unique phenotype and karyotype
Authors: Kazunori Nakase, Masaki Hasegawa, Kota Tsuji, Takeshi Ikeda, Shigehisa Tamaki, Motoaki Tanigawa, Eiki Miyanishi, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

We describe a unique case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). The patient had typical clinicohematological features as ATL, but showed a lack of antibody to human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and was negative for HTLV-I proviral DNA in the peripheral mononuclear cells by means of polymerase chain reaction. The phenotype of tumor cells revealed CD7+, CD5+, CD2+, CD3+, WT31−, TcR δ 1−, CD4−, CD8−, CD25−, and the karyotype showed a 5q-, t(12;18). HTLV-I unrelated ATL is very rare, and the karyotype as in our case has not been reported previously. Am. J. Hematol. 64:64–66, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Antiviral pressure exerted by HIV-l-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) during primary infection demonstrated by rapid selection of CTL escape virus
Authors: Persephone Borrow, Hanna Lewicki, Xiping Wei, Marc S. Horwitz, Nancy Peffer, Heather Meyers, Jay A. Nelson, Jean Edouard Gairin, Beatrice H. Hahn, Michael B.A. Oldstone, George M. Shaw
Journal: Nature Medicine (1997)
EU survey shows support for better warnings of alcohol risks
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The public in the European Union strongly supports better information about the potential dangers of alcohol.

Almost 77% of people would like to see warnings placed on containers and advertisements alerting pregnant women and drivers to the harm alcohol can cause, according to a new EU-wide survey by Eurobarometer. 

The research also found that 10% of respondents indulge in binge drinking, defined as consuming five or more drinks in a single sitting. Binge drinking is almost double that average, at 19%, in 15-24 year olds; it is most …
If These Walls Could Talk
Authors: Kimberly D. Manning
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Viral infections among patients with hemophilia in the state of Georgia
Authors: Holly A. Hill, Sidney F. Stein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

This analysis evaluated the extent to which infections with selected blood-borne viruses, specifically infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and/or the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), continue to contribute to the morbidity of persons with hemophilia. The Georgia Hemophilia Surveillance System collected information on 336 state residents with hemophilia A or B who were followed by a physician in 1994. Data abstracted from medical records included information on demographics, sources of hemophilia care, clinical characteristics, joint range of motion measurements, hospitalization, and results of laboratory testing for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and the human immunodeficiency virus. Prevalence of infection with one or more of these viruses was determined, and relationships with disease severity, bleeding frequency, and amount of clotting factor prescribed were explored. No child under the age of ten was positive for the human immunodeficiency virus; hepatitis infection was also uncommon in this age group, in contrast to the very high frequency of such infections among older subjects. There was a strong association between HIV positive status and infection with one of the hepatitis viruses. The likelihood of all types of viral infection increased with frequency of bleeding and with amount of clotting factor received. Efforts to prevent transmission of lipid-enveloped viruses via clotting factor have been extremely effective. However, currently infected hemophilia patients will likely experience significant morbidity and mortality due to chronic liver disease and AIDS-related complications. Am. J. Hematol. 59:36–41, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Abstract C34: WAVE3 is required for TGF-β-mediated EMT
Authors: Molly A. Taylor, Gangarao Davuluri, Brian McCue, Edward F. Plow, William P. Schiemann, Khalid Sossey-Alaoui
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in women in the United States. Metastasis accounts for the death of ~90% of these patients, yet the mechanisms underlying this event remain poorly defined. WAVE3 belongs to the WASP/WAVE family of actin-binding proteins that mediate essential roles in regulating cell shape/morphology, actin polymerization and cytoskeleton remodeling, and cell motility and invasion. Accordingly, we have shown that WAVE3 promotes the acquisition of invasive and metastatic phenotypes by human BCs. Along these lines, we also established that members of the miR-200 family, together with miR-31 suppress WAVE3 expression, thereby limiting its prometastatic behavior. We show here that Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGFβ;) robustly decreases miR-31 expression and induces WAVE3 expression through a Smad2 and β3-integrin dependent mechanism. Moreover, WAVE3 expression is required for BC cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to TGF-β;. Accordingly, stable depletion of WAVE3 expression in metastatic MDA-MB-231 or 4T1 BC cells prevented TGF-β; from inducing the EMT as determined by monitoring changes in the actin cytoskeleton and expression of EMT markers by real-time PCR. Along these lines, WAVE3 depletion significantly inhibited the ability of 4T1 cells to migrate and proliferate in response to TGF-β;. Moreover, WAVE3 deficiency abrogated the outgrowth of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cell organoids in 3D organotypic cultures. In vivo bioluminescent imaging indicated that WAVE3 knockdown also decreased tumor growth and metastasis in 4T1 tumors that possess enhanced autocrine TGF-β; signaling. Collectively, these findings indicate that WAVE3 activity is required for TGF-β;-mediated EMT and suggest that measures capable of inactivating WAVE3 may alleviate BC metastasis stimulated by TGF-β;. Citation Format: Molly A. Taylor, Gangarao Davuluri, Brian McCue, Edward F. Plow, William P. Schiemann, Khalid Sossey-Alaoui. WAVE3 is required for TGF-β-mediated EMT. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C34.
Quantum probability, choice in large worlds, and the statistical structure of reality
Authors: Don Ross, James Ladyman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Classical probability models of incentive response are inadequate in "large worlds," where the dimensions of relative risk and the dimensions of similarity in outcome comparisons typically differ. Quantum probability models for choice in large worlds may be motivated pragmatically - there is no third theory - or metaphysically: statistical processing in the brain adapts to the true scale-relative structure of the universe.
Current Experience in the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: SHELDON G. SHEPS, GERTRUDE M. TYCE, EUNICE V. FLOCK, FRANK T. MAHER
Journal: Circulation (1966)

The pharmacological and biochemical tests available for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma were evaluated among 28 patients with proved tumors and 148 other patients in whom the diagnosis was suspected. Of the biochemical tests on urine, determinations of total metanephrines (MN) and of vanilmandelic acid (VMA) were much less subject to false-positive results than was determination of catecholamines (CA). Since urinary MN values changed the most in tumor patients, MN determination is preferred as the current screening test. Of the pharmacological tests, the histamine test continues to be the most valuable, especially when combined with determination of plasma CA concentration. The phentolamine (Regitine) test has not proved to be of any distinct value as a primary diagnostic aid. Any of the chemical or pharmacological tests occasionally may give a false-positive result. The urinary output of excessive amounts of homovanillic acid (HVA) was an indication of the presence of pheochromocytoma with some features histologically similar to other neural crest tumors but was not an indication of malignancy. Reliable diagnosis of pheochromocytoma still must be based on multiple studies in an appropriate clinical setting.
Auto-appendectomy in the Antarctic: case report
Authors: V. Rogozov, N. Bermel
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The effect of L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (L-threo-DOPS) on the release of monoamines and acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in the superfused brain slices of guinea pig. In the tissues preloaded either with [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE), [3H]dopamine ([3H]DA), [3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine or [3H]choline, tritium effluxes were estimated in serial fractions of superfusates. L-threo-DOPS produced a concentration-dependent increase in the spontaneous efflux of [3H]NE both in the cortical and hypothalamic slices and to a lesser extent that of [3H]DA in the striatal slices. These effects were still fully detected when slices were superfused with a calcium-free medium or tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M). Carbidopa at 5 X 10(-4) M but not at 10(-4) M significantly depressed the [3H]catecholamine effluxes induced by L-threo-DOPS. L-threo-DOPS produced a minimum increase in the spontaneous efflux of [3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine but not that of [3H]ACh. L-threo-DOPS (5 X 10(-4) M) significantly reduced the [3H]ACh efflux from electrically stimulated striatal slices and this effect was antagonized by an alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (10(-6) M) or by a D2 DA receptor antagonist sulpiride (10(-6) M). In vivo, L-threo-DOPS (150 mg/kg i.p.) produced a gradual but long-lasting increase in the efflux of [3H]NE from the parietal cortex of the guinea pig pretreated with carbidopa (20 mg/kg i.p.). In the brain homogenates, L-threo-DOPS (10(-10) to 10(-4) M) itself did not inhibit the bindings of [3H]rauwolscine or [3H]spiperone, specific ligands for labeling alpha-2 and D2 receptors, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Idiosyncratic drug‐induced agranulocytosis: Possible mechanisms and management
Authors: Daniel Tesfa, Marianne Keisu, Jan Palmblad
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

The incidence of drug-induced neutropenia has not changed in the western hemisphere over the last 30 years. Yet, the drug panorama has changed considerably. This implies that host factors may play an intriguing role for this idiosyncratic reaction. The knowledge as to mechanisms for the reaction has advanced with emerging understanding of neutropoiesis and immune regulation. Nonetheless, it is still remarkably difficult to pinpoint why and how a drug causes this unexpected, severe adverse event in a patient. Patient characteristics, e.g. genetics, appear to be keys for better understanding, predictions and prevention. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
TRIPLE THERAPY AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A COMPARISON OF CLOPIDOGREL VERSUS PRASUGREL FROM THE TRANSLATE-ACS STUDY
Authors: Larry R. Jackson, Marjorie Zettler, Eric Peterson, Christine Ju, Mark Effron, John Messenger, David Cohen, Gregg Stone, Tracy Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Inherited Deficiency of Mannan-Binding Lectin–Associated Serine Protease 2
Authors: Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen, Steffen Thiel, Mihaela Gadjeva, Mette Møller-Kristensen, Rikke Sørensen, Lise T. Jensen, Anders G. Sjöholm, Lars Fugger, Jens C. Jensenius
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

One pathway of complement activation involves mannan-binding lectin and its associated serine protease 2 (MASP-2). MASP-2 deficiency was identified in an adult with a history of ulcerative colitis, erythema multiforme bullosum, and possible systemic lupus erythematosus. He had had recurrent episodes of severe pneumococcal pneumonia. Studies documented that his mannan-binding lectin pathway of complement activation was not functional.
Differential effects of IL-21 and IL-15 on perforin expression, lysosomal degranulation, and proliferation in CD8 T cells of patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)
Authors: Lesley White, Subramaniam Krishnan, Natasa Strbo, Huanliang Liu, Michael A. Kolber, Mathias G. Lichtenheld, Rajendra N. Pahwa, Savita Pahwa
Journal: Blood (2006)
STUDIES ON THE RELATION BETWEEN TUMOR SUSCEPTIBILITY AND HEREDITY
Authors: Clara J. Lynch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

Evidence has previously been submitted in favor of the theory that susceptibility to spontaneous tumors of various types is inherited. The question arose whether susceptibility to tumors induced by tar could be shown to be hereditary by experimenting with the same strains of mice which had already been shown to differ significantly in respect to their spontaneous tumor rates. Two strains of mice were selected for observation. One strain, the Bagg albinos, has a low rate of mammary gland tumors but a higher rate of spontaneous lung tumors. The other strain, No. 1194, agouti, has a higher rate of mammary gland tumors but a lower rate of tumors of the lung. A previous test showed no difference in the percentages of skin tumors which arose after tar painting. It has already been shown that the difference in the lung tumor rates is mathematically significant. When the two stocks are treated with tar by applying the irritant, not in the same spot, but on different areas successively, the percentage of lung tumors is increased in each stock, Text-fig. 11. The rate of the Bagg albinos increased from 37.04 to 85 per cent, that of Strain 1194 from 6.73 to 22 per cent. But a difference between them is still maintained, and this difference also is significant mathematically. When the two strains are crossed and the offspring subjected to the tar treatment, the latter give a high percentage of lung tumors-79 per cent in 28 individuals-about the same as the parental high tumor strain. When the F(1) sons are backcrossed to the original See PDF for Structure stocks, the cross to the high tumor strain maintains the high tumor rate, 81 per cent in 37 mice, while in the cross to the low tumor strain the percentage drops to 39 per cent in 38 mice. This result indicates that susceptibility to tar-induced tumors in the lung is hereditary. The number of factors concerned has not yet been ascertained. Possibly one or more of them is dominant. In general, the conception that susceptibility to pulmonary tumors is hereditary seems to be upheld by the fact that the two strains of mice described differ conspicuously in respect to spontaneous tumor rates under ordinary laboratory conditions; the strains differ also under experimental conditions, as described in this report; and when crossed, their offspring by suitable backcrosses, will again show significant differences.
Predictive value of continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in elderly people
Authors: I J Raiha, S J Piah, A Seppanen, P Puukka, L B Sourander
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To determine the predictive value of findings on continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in elderly subjects. Design - Retrospective chohort study. Ten year follow up of randomly selected elderly subjects who participated in ambulatory electrocardiography study in 1982. Mortality data derived from offical registers. <b>Setting</b>: Turku, Finland. <b>Subjects</b>: 480 people aged 65 or older in 1982 who were living in the coummunity, of whom 72% agreed to participate. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Mortality from cardiac and non-cardiac causes during 10 year follow up. <b>Results</b>: In the univariate analysis adjusted for age, risk of death from cardiac causes was increased among those with ventricular ectopy of more than 100 beats during the day (odds ratio 2.6; 99% confidence interval 1.4 to 6.1) or at night (3.3; 1.1 to 9.8) and in those with multifocal ventricular ectopic beats during the day (2.3; 1.0 to 5.0) or night (3.0; 1.3 to 7.1) compared with those with no ventricular ectopy. Sinoatrial paused exceeding 1.5 seconds during the day (4.5; 1.8 to 11.1) were also associated with excess mortality from cardiac causes. None of the findings on ambulatory electrocardiography predicted death from non- cardiac causes. A further study of explantory variables in the stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that sinoatrial pauses exceeding 1.5 seconds (4.0; 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 8.9) and night time multifoucal ventricualr ectopy (2.7; 1.2 to 5.9) predicted excess mortality from cardiac causes independently of age or clinically evident heart disease. <b>Conclusion</b>: Daytime sinoatrial pauses exceeding 1.5 secods and night time multifocal ventricular ectopy in the ambulatory electrocardiogram predict increased mortality form cardic causes independenlty of clinically evident cardiac diseases in unselected elderly subjects.
An interaction between filaggrin mutations and early food sensitization improves the prediction of childhood asthma
Authors: Ingo Marenholz, Tamara Kerscher, Anja Bauerfeind, Jorge Esparza-Gordillo, Renate Nickel, Thomas Keil, Susanne Lau, Klaus Rohde, Ulrich Wahn, Young-Ae Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Tc-99m Glucoheptonate Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: STEPHEN E. LONG, WAYNE L. THOMPSON, ROBERT E. SONNEMAKER, BRADLEY K. POUNDS, JOHN A. BURDINE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Estimation of GFR using radioisotope techniques has been successfully accomplished with 1-125 iothalamate, Cr-51 EDTA, and Tc-99m DTPA. However, the techniques have required up to several hours to complete with blood and/or urine sampling. A method introduced by Schlegel and modified by Gates provides a simple and rapid technique of GFR quantitation that obviates the need for blood and urine sampling. In the present study an evaluation of Tc-99m GHA was undertaken to assess its ability to reflect GRF using a modification of Gates' technique. When the GFR determinations were compared with a current 24-hour CrC1, a correlation coefficient of 0.91 was obtained. Tc-99m GHA-derived GFR appears to closely correlate with endogenous CrC1 over a wide range of renal function.
A Question of Translation.
Authors: G. A. ASCHMAN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Wheeling, W. Va., June 19, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the Correspondence column of theJournal, I notice a letter by Dr. Chas. G. Kuhlman with the heading, "<i>Audi Alteram Partem</i>." I note a very serious mistake. At the close of his letter the Doctor correctly quotes Binz, as stating in 1883 at the Buda-Pesth Congress for Internal Medicine: " Our future therapeutic efforts in infectious diseases must be toward `<i>Den lebenden organismus zu entgiften</i>.'" This he translates, however, in parenthesis: "To poison the organism, as it were." But,<i>entgiften</i>means just the opposite, viz., to remove or eliminate poison. Therefore Dr. Kuhlman has no reason to take issue with Binz on this doctrine, as they are both of the same opinion as the majority of the American medical profession, who will " continue in the future as they have done in the past—to eliminate the contagium at the bedside." It is
Australian authority criticises sterilising practices
Authors: C Zinn
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Some doctors, dentists, and other health care professionals are using domestic stoves, microwave ovens, and even electric “crockpots” to sterilise their equipment, according to Australia's standards authority, which has just launched the country's first code of practice on controlling infection. The Standards Australia technical committee said that the substandard methods applied to an estimated 5% of general practitioners. It also found that at …
George Fraser Purves
Authors: P G. Purves
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former consultant anaesthetist Sunderland (b Glasgow 1915; q Cambridge/the London Hospital 1942; DA, FFARCS), d 20 October 2003.

He served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in the Far East, becoming anaesthetist on a hospital ship and then to a mobile surgical unit, reaching the rank of major. In 1949 he was appointed one of the first two consultant anaesthetists to the Sunderland Group of Hospitals, where, for 20 years, he was in sole administrative charge of an expanding department. He designed and made electrodes for the non-invasive intraoral stimulation of the mandibular nerve. He leaves three children and two grandchildren.