tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relation between socioeconomic deprivation and pathological prognostic factors in women with breast cancer
Authors: A G Carnon, A Ssemwogerere, D W Lamont, D J Hole, E A Mallon, W D George, G R Gillis
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To investigate the relation between socioeconomic deprivation and pathological prognostic factors in women with breast cancer as a possible explanation for socioeconomic differences in survival.Retrospective analysis of data from cancer registry and from pathology and biochemistry records.Catchment areas of two large teaching hospitals in Glasgow.1361 women aged under 75 who had breast cancer diagnosed between 1980 and 1987.Tumour size, axillary lymph node status, histological grade, and oestrogen receptor concentration in relation to deprivation category of area of residence.There was no significant relation between socioeconomic deprivation and four pathological prognostic factors: 93 (32%) women in the most affluent group presented with tumours less than 20 mm in size compared with 91 (31%) women in the most deprived group; 152 (48%) of the most affluent group presented with negative nodes compared with 129 (46%) of the most deprived group; 23 (22%) of the most affluent group presented with grade I tumours compared with 12 (17%) of the most deprived group; and 142 (51%) of the most affluent group had a low oestrogen receptor concentration at presentation compared with 148 (52%) of the most deprived group. None of these differences was statistically significant.Differences in survival from breast cancer by socioeconomic deprivation category could not be accounted for by differences in tumour stage or biology. Other possible explanations, such as differences in treatment or in host response, should be investigated.
Conflict of Interest and Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Sheldon Krimsky
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1003 Triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray (T) vs fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (F) in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: P SMALL, P HOULE, J DAY, M BRISCOE, M GOLD, A HAM, M MANDL, I BRODAREC, J SPENARD, R PHILLIPS
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
NHS cash props up private health sector as recession cuts private patients' spending
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Private healthcare providers carried out significantly more NHS funded work between 2006 and 2012 than during previous years, while demand for privately funded care fell, a detailed new analysis has shown.

The report from the Institute for Fiscal Studies and the Nuffield Trust noted that public spending on healthcare in the United Kingdom grew at a rate of 5% a year between 1997 and 2011, whereas average growth was 2.9% between 1975 and 1997.1

But while growth in private health spending, which had previously averaged 7.2% a year, slowed to just 3.8% a year between 1997 and 2011, the volume of NHS care delivered by private providers increased substantially, going up by almost £3bn (€3.5bn; $4.5bn) between 2006 and 2012.

This trend was exemplified by a 50% rise in …
Ranibizumab versus Verteporfin for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: David M. Brown, Peter K. Kaiser, Mark Michels, Gisele Soubrane, Jeffrey S. Heier, Robert Y. Kim, Judy P. Sy, Susan Schneider
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

We compared ranibizumab — a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal antibody Fab that neutralizes all active forms of vascular endothelial growth factor A — with photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in the treatment of predominantly classic neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Activated Protein C Resistance Assay and Factor V Leiden
Authors: Florian Prüller, Eva-Christine Weiss, Reinhard B Raggam, Mila Cervar-Zivkovic, Wilfried Renner, Jasmin Wagner, Simon Michaelis, Winfried März, Harald Mangge
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The authors suggest that functional testing for activated protein C resistance is cheaper and more clinically relevant than genetic testing to detect a factor V Leiden mutation in identifying persons who are at risk for thromboembolism.
Effects of Lowering Elevated LDL Cholesterol on the Cardiovascular Risk of Lipoprotein(a)
Authors: Vincent M. G. Maher
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To determine if lowering elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels offsets the adverse effect of raised lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels on coronary artery disease (CAC) in men.Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of lipid lowering for CAD.Post hoc analysis of the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study.A total of 146 men aged 62 years or younger with CAD and apolipoprotein B levels of at least 125 mg/dL.Patients received a Step II Diet and lovastatin (40 mg daily) plus colestipol (30 g daily), niacin (4 g daily) plus colestipol, or placebo (plus colestipol if LDL-C > 90th percentile) for 2.5 years. They were grouped by their LDL-C responses: "minimal" if LDL-C decreased by 10% or less from baseline (mean [SD] change, +6% [13%]) and "substantial" if LDL-C decreased more than 10% (mean [SD] change, -40% [16%]).Impact of lowering elevated LDL-C on the cardiac event rate (death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization for refractory ischemia) and CAD change associated with elevated Lp(a).In multivariate analyses, the best correlate of baseline CAD severity was Lp(a) (r = 0.30; P < .001). For 36 patients with minimal LDL-C reduction, CAD progression correlated only with in-treatment Lp(a) levels (r = 0.45; P < .01), but for 84 patients with substantial LDL-C reduction, disease regressed and its change correlated with in-treatment LDL-C (r = 0.24; P < .05) but not with Lp(a) (r = -0.05). Lipoprotein(a) levels were not significantly altered in either group. For 40 patients with Lp(a) at the 90th percentile or higher, events were frequent (39%) if reduction of LDL-C was minimal, but were few (9%) if reduction was substantial (relative risk, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.06 to 0.99).In men with CAD and elevated LDL-C, Lp(a) levels were dominant correlates of baseline disease severity, its progression, and event rate over 2.5 years. However, with substantial LDL-C reductions, persistent elevations of Lp(a) were no longer atherogenic or clinically threatening. This provides a possible direction for treatment in such patients with elevated Lp(a) and LDL-C.
A case of porphyria cutanea tarda in association with idiopathic myelofibrosis and CREST syndrome
Authors: S.C. Lee, S.J. Yun, J-B. Lee, S-S. Lee, Y.H. Won
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We report a 56‐year‐old Korean woman with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), showing multiple scarring bullae and hypertrichosis on sun‐exposed areas of skin with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Sclerodermoid changes were also found on both hands, the face and neck. The patient had suffered from CREST syndrome, manifesting with Raynaud’s phenomenon and sclerodactyly, for more than 15 years. Anticentromere antibody was positive. She had presented with splenomegaly 3 years before the development of PCT, and was diagnosed as having idiopathic myelofibrosis, based on bone marrow biopsy. In summary, she had had CREST syndrome for 15 years and later developed idiopathic myelofibrosis and PCT. This is the first reported case of PCT in association with idiopathic myelofibrosis and CREST syndrome.
Sit up and take notice about avian flu
Authors: Nigel Higson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

This week in the BMJ for the paper by Walsh et al are offered the conclusion that investment in intermediate care in community hospitals may be more cost effective than financing nurse led care for post-acute patients in acute hospitals. 1 2But the study itself, which confirms existing evidence on the costs of nurse led intermediate care in acute settings, 3 4 tackles neither the effect nor the cost of intermediate care in community hospitals.How then can such a conclusion be drawn?Walsh et al do not make this assertion.The author of the comment offers no support.Our own review of the evidence on nurse led intermediate care found no quality evidence for either the effect or cost of intermediate care in community settings. 5 The BMJ has been at the forefront of setting standards for the reporting of primary research.However, the editors must be aware that many readers simply pick up a take home message from comment, like this, 1 in the journal.
Osseointegration of dental implants in 3D-printed synthetic onlay grafts customized according to bone metabolic activity in recipient site
Authors: Faleh Tamimi, Jesus Torres, Khadijeh Al-Abedalla, Enrique Lopez-Cabarcos, Mohammad H. Alkhraisat, David C. Bassett, Uwe Gbureck, Jake E. Barralet
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Value of intravenous 6-mercaptopurine during continuation treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: final results of a randomized phase III trial (58881) of the EORTC CLG
Authors: J van der Werff ten Bosch, S Suciu, A Thyss, Y Bertrand, L Norton, F Mazingue, A Uyttebroeck, P Lutz, A Robert, P Boutard, A Ferster, E Plouvier, P Maes, M Munzer, D Plantaz, M-F Dresse, P Philippet, N Sirvent, C Waterkeyn, E Vilmer, N Philippe, J Otten
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Campaigners demand mandatory nutritional standards for hospital food
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Campaigners have accused successive UK governments of “wasting” more than £54m (€62m; $82m) on “failed” voluntary schemes to improve hospital food over the past 21 years when what are needed are mandatory nutritional standards.

Sustain, an alliance of organisations that campaigns on food and farming matters, listed 21 ineffective government initiatives between 1992 and 2013 in a report published last week on behalf of 89 members of the Campaign for Better Hospital Food.1

The report said that, although all these initiatives had been based on thorough research of the problems, none had succeeded because recommendations were not made compulsory.

“Inexcusably, successive health ministers have persisted with this failed approach, and …
Cost of atopic dermatitis and eczema in the United States
Authors: Charles N. Ellis, Lynn A. Drake, Mary M. Prendergast, William Abramovits, Mark Boguniewicz, C.Ralph Daniel, Mark Lebwohl, Seth R. Stevens, Diane L. Whitaker-Worth, J.Wang Cheng, Kuo B. Tong
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2002)
Specific human leukocyte antigen class I and II alleles associated with hepatitis C virus viremia
Authors: Mark H. Kuniholm, Andrea Kovacs, Xiaojiang Gao, Xiaonan Xue, Darlene Marti, Chloe L. Thio, Marion G. Peters, Norah A. Terrault, Ruth M. Greenblatt, James J. Goedert, Mardge H. Cohen, Howard Minkoff, Stephen J. Gange, Kathryn Anastos, Melissa Fazzari, Tiffany G. Harris, Mary A. Young, Howard D. Strickler, Mary Carrington
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Studies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and their relation with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia have had conflicting results. However, these studies have varied in size and methods, and few large studies assessed HLA class I alleles. Only one study conducted high-resolution class I genotyping. The current investigation therefore involved high-resolution HLA class I and II genotyping of a large multiracial cohort of U.S. women with a high prevalence of HCV and HIV. Our primary analyses evaluated associations between 12 HLA alleles identified through a critical review of the literature and HCV viremia in 758 HCV-seropositive women. Other alleles with &gt;5% prevalence were also assessed; previously unreported associations were corrected for multiple comparisons. DRB1*0101 (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1–2.6), B*5701 (PR=2.0; 95% CI = 1.0–3.1), B*5703 (PR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0–2.5), and Cw*0102 (PR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.0–3.0) were associated with the absence of HCV RNA (i.e., HCV clearance), whereas DRB1*0301 (PR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.2–0.7) was associated with HCV RNA positivity. DQB1*0301 was also associated with the absence of HCV RNA but only among HIV-seronegative women (PR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.2–11.8). Each of these associations was among those predicted. We additionally studied the relation of HLA alleles with HCV infection (serostatus) in women at high risk of HCV from injection drug use (N = 838), but no significant relationships were observed. Conclusion : HLA genotype influences the host capacity to clear HCV viremia. The specific HLA associations observed in the current study are unlikely to be due to chance because they were a priori hypothesized. (Hepatology 2010.)
Risk-Reducing Salpingo-oophorectomy and Ovarian Cancer Screening in 1077 Women After BRCA Testing
Authors: Gabriel N. Mannis, Julia E. Fehniger, Jennifer S. Creasman, Vanessa L. Jacoby, Mary S. Beattie
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2012)

For women at potentially increased risk for ovarian cancer, data regarding screening and risk reduction are limited. Previous studies have reported on the behaviors of BRCA mutation carriers, but less is known about the behaviors of non- BRCA carriers. We surveyed a large cohort of women after BRCA testing to identify the prevalence and posttest predictors of risk-reducing and screening interventions.A median of 3.7 years after BRCA testing, 1447 women who received genetic counseling and BRCA testing at 2 hospital sites were surveyed, with a 77.6% response rate. We analyzed data from 1077 survey respondents. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify predictors of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), screening transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS), and screening serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125).Among the respondents, 201 women (18.7%) received positive test results for a deleterious mutation, 103 women (9.6%) received true-negative results, and 773 women (71.8%) received uninformative results. Overall, 19.1% of eligible women underwent RRSO and 39.6% used screening procedures. A positive BRCA result predicted RRSO (odds ratio [OR], 28.1; 95% CI, 16.2-48.6), TVUS (9.5 [4.3-21.0]), and serum CA-125 (13.0 [5.5-29.0]). Similarly, a true-negative BRCA result reduced the OR for RRSO (0.1 [0.0-0.6]), TVUS (0.2 [0.1-0.5]), and serum CA-125 (0.3 [0.1-0.7]). Of the 71.8% of women who received uninformative results after BRCA testing, 12.3% subsequently underwent RRSO, 33.8% reported ever having undergone screening serum CA-125 since BRCA testing, and 37.3% reported ever having undergone screening TVUS since BRCA testing.Results of BRCA testing strongly predict RRSO and ovarian cancer screening. Use of RRSO and ovarian screening was reported in a sizable percentage of non- BRCA carriers despite insufficient data to determine the effectiveness of these interventions.
Substandard Care, Antidumping, and George Orwell
Authors: Gary M. Gaddis
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article "Socioeconomic Status and Risk for Substandard Medical Care"<sup>1</sup>highlighted an important concern about the provision of medical care to the medically indigent and concluded that "the uninsured are at greater risk for suffering medical injury due to substandard medical care." The authors analyzed over 30000 hospital records from 1984 and properly cited a number of limitations of their study. Unfortunately, they did not discuss that federal "antidumping" statutes (commonly referred to as COBRA [Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act] legislation) were not enacted until 1986. This legislation carries significant civil penalties for noncompliance. The absence of such legislation in 1984 makes generalization of conclusions to the current time problematic at best because a significant number of injuries were judged to be due to negligent care. Furthermore, that negligent injuries were highly likely to occur in the emergency department deserves comment. Though the authors properly cited the
Temperature Recording in Sick Children
Authors: A. Moncrieff, B. J. Hussey
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MEDICALJSOHRNALappears-e.g., the virus, still awaiting a virucide.Nature evidently abhors not only a vacuum but stasis also.In paediatrics particularly is it necessary to avoid stasis; for example, the static infant soon becomes marantic, and the marantic infant dies.That is what we have to prevent.There should be no such thing as marantic infants needing cure-they should be so cared for that the causes are prevented.Prophylactic and curative paediatrics must advance together hand in hand if real child health is to be achieved.
Cerebral Angiography as a Guide for Therapy in Isolated Central Nervous System Vasculitis
Authors: Richard L. Stein, Carl R. Martino, Dayna M. Weinert, Mark Hueftle, Gary M. Kammer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

VASCULITIS is an inflammatory disorder of blood vessels that can affect both the arterial and venous limbs of the vascular tree. The process is often segmental, and it can affect vessels of all sizes. It is characterized histologically by infiltration of the affected vessel wall by neutrophils or mononuclear cells, local destruction of the vessel wall, extravasation of red blood cells into surrounding tissue, fibrinoid necrosis, and thrombosis. Immunofluorescent microscopy often demonstrates the presence of immunoglobulin(s), complement component(s), and fibrin deposited in the vessel wall. The outcome of the vasculitic lesion is often infarction and necrosis of tissue distal to the site.<sup>1</sup>Diagnosis of vasculitis is confirmed by identification of the pathognomonic histological lesion. Under many clinical circumstances, however, it is not feasible to obtain tissue for histopathology. This is the situation, for example, in isolated central nervous system vasculitis, wherein a cortical or leptomeningeal biopsy might not be
Is the use of a saline-irrigated ablation electrode as safe as the conventional solid tip electrode to eliminate pulmonary vein spike potentials for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation?
Authors: Sabine Ernst, Feifan Ouyang, Dietmar Baensch, Thomas Vogtmann, Peter Falk, Matthias Antz, Karl-Heinz Kuck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
New free trade agreement sparks fight over drug pricing
Authors: Ray Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A push by the drug industry to raise the price of new drugs for hypertension looks set to become the battleground for the first major fight over the free trade agreement between Australia and the United States ( BMJ 2004;329: 420).

The controversial agreement, which came into force on 1 January, urges recognition of innovation and gives US drug companies new mechanisms to review the Australian government's internationally recognised system of pricing drugs on the basis of evidence of their effectiveness.

Critics of the agreement have urged other nations negotiating bilateral agreements with the United States to be cautious.

In a recent article Peter Drahos, professor of law …
High and Low Molecular Weight Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Increase Proliferation of Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes but Have Differential Effects on Binucleation and Nuclear Morphology
Authors: Kishore B.S. Pasumarthi, Elissavet Kardami, Peter A. Cattini
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Abstract Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) plays a vital role in the growth and differentiation of cardiac myocytes. It exists in high and low molecular weight forms because of the use of alternative initiation codons in the same mRNA. Higher levels of high molecular weight forms (molecular mass of 22 and 21.5 kD) are present in the rat heart during the neonatal stage, whereas the low molecular weight form (molecular mass of 18 kD) is predominant in the adult heart, suggesting different roles in development. Rat FGF-2 cDNAs that can preferentially express high or low molecular weight forms were introduced into neonatal rat ventricular myocyte cultures. Significant and comparable increases in overall cardiac myocyte DNA synthesis and proliferation were seen with 22/21.5- and 18-kD FGF-2 expression. A significantly higher mitotic index was seen in the vicinity of cardiac myocytes overexpressing high or low molecular weight forms of FGF-2 compared with nonoverexpressing cells. This increase was inhibited in the presence of neutralizing antibodies to FGF-2, pointing to a proximity-dependent paracrine effect of 22/21.5- and 18-kD FGF-2 on mitosis. By contrast, overexpression of high but not low molecular weight FGF-2 was associated with a significant increase in binucleation (≈36% of cardiac myocytes overexpressing 22/21.5-kD FGF-2 were binucleated compared with 9% of cardiac myocytes overexpressing 18-kD FGF-2), which was not affected by neutralizing antibodies to FGF-2. These results suggest that 22/21.5-kD FGF-2 and 18-kD FGF-2 have similar paracrine effects on proliferation but that 22-21.5-kD FGF-2 exerts a distinct intracrine effect on binucleation.
Identification and immunologic characterization of an allergen, alliin lyase, from garlic (Allium sativum)☆
Authors: Shao-Hsuan Kao, Ching-Hsian Hsu, Song-Nan Su, Wei-Ting Hor, Wen-Hong Chang T, Lu-Ping Chow
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Whole body correction of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA by intracerebrospinal fluid gene therapy
Authors: Virginia Haurigot, Sara Marcó, Albert Ribera, Miguel Garcia, Albert Ruzo, Pilar Villacampa, Eduard Ayuso, Sònia Añor, Anna Andaluz, Mercedes Pineda, Gemma García-Fructuoso, Maria Molas, Luca Maggioni, Sergio Muñoz, Sandra Motas, Jesús Ruberte, Federico Mingozzi, Martí Pumarola, Fatima Bosch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

For most lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) affecting the CNS, there is currently no cure. The BBB, which limits the bioavailability of drugs administered systemically, and the short half-life of lysosomal enzymes, hamper the development of effective therapies. Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is an autosomic recessive LSD caused by a deficiency in sulfamidase, a sulfatase involved in the stepwise degradation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) heparan sulfate. Here, we demonstrate that intracerebrospinal fluid (intra-CSF) administration of serotype 9 adenoassociated viral vectors (AAV9s) encoding sulfamidase corrects both CNS and somatic pathology in MPS IIIA mice. Following vector administration, enzymatic activity increased throughout the brain and in serum, leading to whole body correction of GAG accumulation and lysosomal pathology, normalization of behavioral deficits, and prolonged survival. To test this strategy in a larger animal, we treated beagle dogs using intracisternal or intracerebroventricular delivery. Administration of sulfamidase-encoding AAV9 resulted in transgenic expression throughout the CNS and liver and increased sulfamidase activity in CSF. High-titer serum antibodies against AAV9 only partially blocked CSF-mediated gene transfer to the brains of dogs. Consistently, anti-AAV antibody titers were lower in CSF than in serum collected from healthy and MPS IIIA-affected children. These results support the clinical translation of this approach for the treatment of MPS IIIA and other LSDs with CNS involvement.