tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Novel “Through-the-Endoscope” Technique for Removing Biliary Stones Trapped in a Retrieval Basket
Authors: P. Draganov, J. T. Cunningham
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

The endoscopic removal of large biliary stones often requires a mechanical lithotriptor [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. One must anticipate the likelihood that mechanical lithotripsy will be needed and use a preloaded lithotriptor to capture the stone. Occasionally a stone has been judged to be extractable using a standard basket but the basket with the captured stone then becomes trapped in the distal bile duct. The standard approach to such a situation is to cut off the basket handle and remove the endoscope [2] [4]. A flexible spiral metal crushing sleeve (e. g. Soehendra lithotriptor, Wilson-Cook, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA) is then advanced over the basket wires [2] [4]. Traction is applied with a crank under fluoroscopy. Usually the stone will be crushed, or the basket wires will break releasing the stone [2] [4]. We describe a novel and simple ”through-the-endoscope” technique for removing a noncrushing basket with a trapped stone.
Vulvar Swelling, Plaques, and Nodules in a Young Adult Woman
Authors: Shu-li Li, Chunying Li
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy.
Authors: T C Stokes, P J Ell, J Deacon
Journal: BMJ (1977)

experiments not only to record, the amount of "carbohydrate" but to specify the sort of carbohydrate they have used ?Sucrose pro- duces a very wide range of abnormalities that are not produced by starch.;For example, in the studies referred to in this letter our control animals, which showed no renal abnormalities, were fed exactly similar diets with exactly the same proportion of carbohydrate as were the experimental animals; the difference was only that for the former the dietary carbohydrate was starch and for the latter it was sucrose.
Period trends in rate of suicide in first 28 days after discharge from psychiatric hospital in Scotland, 1968-92
Authors: J. R Geddes, E. Juszczak
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To examine period trends in the rate of suicide in the first 28 days after discharge from psychiatric hospital. <b>Design</b> : Cohort study of patients discharged from psychiatric hospital. <b>Setting</b> : Scotland. <b>Subjects</b> : All patients aged 15-84 who were discharged from Scottish psychiatric hospitals during 1968 to 1992. <b>Outcome measure</b> : The rate of suicide (classified as codes E950-9 and E980-9 according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision) within 28 days of discharge per 100000 person years at risk for five year periods during 1968 to 1992. Crude, within cohort rates and externally standardised rates were calculated. <b>Results</b> : Overall, 196 male patients committed suicide in 20520 person years at risk, and 171 female patients committed suicide in 24114 person years at risk. A significant linear trend was seen in period effect on externally standardised mortality ratios in both sexes: a decrease in male patients (P=0.008) and an increase in female patients (P=0.0001). The adjusted standardised mortality ratio in 1988-92 compared with 1968-72 was 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.39 to 0.98) in male patients and 2.73 (1.64 to 4.56) in female patients. <b>Conclusion</b> : The increase in the rate of suicide in the 28 days after discharge in female psychiatric patients makes this an increasingly important period to target. The rise has occurred against the background of a reduction of 60% in the number of psychiatric beds for adults.
O94 NEDDYLATION CONTROLS LIVER TUMOURS SURVIVAL STABILIZING Akt AND LKB1 AND REPROGRAMMING CANCER METABOLISM
Authors: L. Barbier-Torres, J.L. García-Rodríguez, T.C. Delgado, I. Zubiete-Franco, A. Cano, V. Gutiérrez, X. Buqué, I. Fernadez-Domínguez, F. Lopitz-Otsoa, M. Varela-Rey, D. Fernández-Ramos, P. Fernández-Tussy, J. Rodríguez-Cuesta, L. Boix, J. Bruix, E. Villa, A. Castro, S.C. Lu, P. Aspichueta, D. Xirodimas, J.M. Mato, N. Beraza, M.L. Martinez-Chantar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 2823: PHA-739358, a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor, induces apoptosis and inhibits invasion in melanoma cell lines
Authors: Lifang Xie, Frank Meyskens
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most lethal form of skin cancer and is highly invasive and markedly resistant to conventional therapy. The incidence of malignant melanoma has been increasing worldwide for the past three decades, however, the standard care for patients with metastatic melanoma has not changed significantly, therefore, new strategies for treatment of metastatic melanoma are urgently needed. Significant insights have recently been gained into the molecular events underpinning the development of melanoma. Aurora kinases play an essential role as key mitotic regulators, controlling chromosome alignment, segregation, centrosomal maturation, mitotic spindle formation, and cytokinesis during mitosis, and are frequently overexpressed in various human cancers including that of CM making them ideal targets for anti-cancer therapy. Several small molecule inhibitors of the aurora kinases have been developed and tested in vivo and in vitro, and some of them have shown promising clinical efficacy in a number of early phaseI/II clinical trials. Among those, one of the most advanced clinical compounds currently is PHA-739358 (PHA). The goal of this study is to investigate the anti-proliferative and anti-invasive features of PHA in three melanoma cell lines including WM3211, Lu1205, and SK-Mel28. The results showed a time- and dose- dependent growth inhibition in all the cell lines tested with low μM IC50s upon PHA treatment, and significant induction of caspase activity was observed as well. FACScan cell cycle analysis showed significant induction of G2/M population of cells in all three cell lines and increased polyploidy proportion of cells in WM3211 cell line. For the first time, we showed that PHA inhibits melanoma cell invasion in a dose- and time- dependent manor using a Matrigel Invasion Assay. More interestingly, addition of PHA enhanced Temozolomide (TMZ)-induced caspase activation in melanoma cell lines indicating a potential combination therapeutic strategy for the treatment of melanoma. Thus, targeting aurora kianses with PHA is a promising therapeutic strategy administered alone or in combination with TMZ for patients with advanced stages of CM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2823. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2823
Nitric Oxide–Donating Aspirin Prevents Pancreatic Cancer in a Hamster Tumor Model
Authors: Nengtai Ouyang, Jennie L. Williams, George J. Tsioulias, Jianjun Gao, Michael J. Iatropoulos, Levy Kopelovich, Khosrow Kashfi, Basil Rigas
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract To evaluate the chemopreventive effect of nitric oxide–donating aspirin (NO-ASA), an ASA bearing a NO-releasing moiety, against pancreatic cancer, we studied six groups of female Syrian golden hamsters: groups 1 to 3 (n = 12 each) were given saline and groups 4 to 6 (n = 17) the carcinogen N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) s.c. in five weekly injections (the first, 70 mg/kg, and the remaining, 20 mg/kg each). Control and BOP-treated hamsters were fed a NO-ASA 3,000 ppm or conventional ASA 3,000 ppm or control diet for 19 weeks. Groups 1 to 3 had no tumors. Compared with the BOP/vehicle group, NO-ASA reduced the incidence (88.9%, P &amp;lt; 0.003) and multiplicity (94%, P &amp;lt; 0.05) of pancreatic cancer; ASA had no statistically significant effect. NO-ASA arrested the transition from PanIN2 to PanIN3 and carcinoma. The proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) / apoptosis (terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase–mediated nick-end labeling) ratio of ductal cells increased with the histologic severity of the ductal lesion; NO-ASA suppressed it significantly during all stages except PanIN1A. p21WAF1/CIP1, undetectable in normal cells, was progressively induced in neoplastic cells and suppressed by NO-ASA up to PanIN3. Nuclear factor-κB activation, absent in normal tissue, increased progressively (17-fold in cancer); NO-ASA suppressed it throughout and significantly in PanIN1B and PanIN2. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression, absent during early stages, was induced 6-fold in carcinoma and suppressed by NO-ASA in PanIN3 and carcinoma. Conventional ASA had no effect on these molecular markers. Thus, NO-ASA profoundly prevented pancreatic cancer and modulated multiple molecular targets in this model system; conventional ASA had no such effects. NO-ASA merits further evaluation as a chemopreventive agent against pancreatic cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(8): 4503-11)
The Role of Kidney Uptake of Tc-99m Pertechnetate During Quantitation of Gastric Scintigraphy
Authors: H J WASSERMAN, J F KLOPPER, P ERLANK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

It is shown that during quantitative gastric scintigraphy with Tc-99m pertechnetate significant errors may occur if kidney uptake is ignored. The magnitude of the error was assessed in 12 patients, and could lead to an over-estimation of gastric uptake by up to 20%.
Effect of Metformin on Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Turnover and Insulin Binding to Receptors in Type II Diabetes
Authors: R Nosadini, A Avogaro, R Trevisan, A Valerio, P Tessari, E Duner, A Tiengo, M Velussi, S Del Prato, S De Kreutzenberg, M Muggeo, G Crepaldi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

Euglycemic insulin glucose-clamp and insulin-binding studies on erythrocytes and monocytes were performed in seven type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects before and after 4 wk of metformin treatment (850 mg 3 times/day) and in five obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Glucose turnover was also measured at basal insulin concentrations and during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. During euglycemic insulin-glucose clamps, diabetic subjects showed glucose disposal rates of 3.44 ± 0.42 and 7.34 ± 0.34 mg · kg−1 · min−1 (means ± SD) before metformin at insulin infusion rates of 0.80 and 15.37 mU · kg−1 · min−1, respectively. With the same insulin infusion rates, glucose disposal was 4.94 ± 0.55 (P &amp;lt; .01) and 8.99 ± 0.66 (P &amp;lt; .01), respectively, after metformin treatment. Glucose disposal rates in normal obese subjects were 5.76 ± 0.63 (P &amp;lt; .01) and 10.92 ± 1.11 (P &amp;lt; .01) at 0.80 and 15.37 mU · kg−1 · min−1, respectively. Insulin maximum binding to erythrocytes in diabetics was 9.6 ± 4.2 and 5.8 ± 2.6 × 109 cells (means ± SD) before and after metformin treatment, respectively (NS). Insulin maximum binding to monocytes in diabetics was 6.2 ± 2.3 × 107 cells before and 5.0 ± 1.6% after metformin. Hepatic glucose production was higher in the diabetic patients at basal insulin levels, but not at higher insulin concentrations, and was not significantly changed by drug treatment. Basal glucose and insulin concentrations decreased with metformin. Thus, metformin treatment improved glucose disposal rate without significant effect on insulin-binding capacity on circulating cells. Basal hepatic glucose output was slightly lower after metformin treatment in view of lower (9 vs. 15 μU/ml) insulin levels, potentially indicating increased sensitivity of the liver to insulin.
Cardiomyopathy in generalised glycogenosis type II in cattle
Authors: W. F ROBINSON, J. M. HOWELL, P. R DORLING
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

The clinical, electrocardiographic and postmortem findings in five cattle affected by generalised glycogenosis type II are described. Three of the affected animals showed generalised muscle weakness for some months before being killed at 11, 15 and 16 months of age. Of the remaining two, one developed severe respiratory distress when 3 months old and died within 6 h of first being noticed to be ill. The other animal showed respiratory distress on exertion at 5 months of age, became recumbent and died when 7 months old. The sum of the QRS complex amplitudes in ECG leads I,II, aVR, aVL and aVF of the affected animals was significantly increased from the control or carrier animals, but only the two affected animals which showed clinical and pathological signs of congestive heart failure had increased heart weight to body weight, left and right ventricular weight to body weight ratios. In view of the lack of correlation between the increased QRS amplitudes and the presence of cardiac enlargement, it is suggested that the increased QRS amplitudes are a reflection of a conduction disorder. It is further suggested that QRS complex abnormalities in generalised glycogenosis in man, particularly in the late onset form may be due to a similar phenomenon.
Independent genome-wide scans identify a chromosome 18 quantitative-trait locus influencing dyslexia
Authors: Simon E. Fisher, Clyde Francks, Angela J. Marlow, I. Laurence MacPhie, Dianne F. Newbury, Lon R. Cardon, Yumiko Ishikawa-Brush, Alex J. Richardson, Joel B. Talcott, Javier Gayán, Richard K. Olson, Bruce F. Pennington, Shelley D. Smith, John C. DeFries, John F. Stein, Anthony P. Monaco
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
909-26 There are Gender-Related Differences in Vessel Size, but not In Target Lesion Plaque Composition: A Pre-Intervention Intravascular Ultrasound Study
Authors: Gary S. Mintz, Jeffrey J. Popma, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, Carol L. Walsh, Christine J. Ditrano, Karen Knaell, Donna Hunn, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Nitroglycerin-Augmented <sup>201</sup> Tl Reinjection Enhances Detection of Reversible Myocardial Hypoperfusion
Authors: Zuo-Xiang He, Rafael Medrano, John T. Hays, John J. Mahmarian, Mario S. Verani
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Recent observations suggest that administration of nitrates before 201Tl reinjection enhances the detection of reversible myocardial hypoperfusion.Ninety-six patients who underwent exercise-redistribution 201Tl single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and had persistent defects at 4-hour redistribution imaging were prospectively randomized into a double-blind protocol in which they received a reinjection of 201Tl (1.0 mCi) 5 minutes after either placebo or 0.8 mg sublingual nitroglycerin administration, followed by repeat SPECT imaging. Of the 69 patients who had coronary angiography, all except one had significant coronary stenoses. The overall extent of perfusion defect and the reversible component assessed by polar maps of the stress-redistribution images were similar in patients who received nitroglycerin or placebo. Among the 66 patients with persistent defects in the redistribution images, 58% of those receiving nitroglycerin showed improved reversibility after reinjection, compared with 33% of patients receiving placebo (P < .05). Among 68 patients with significant coronary stenoses, those who received nitroglycerin and had coronary collateral circulation were more likely to exhibit improved reversibility after reinjection than the remaining patients (50% versus 21%, P < .05). Moreover, the ratio of reversible to total defect in the vascular territories supplied by collaterals was > or = 0.50 after reinjection in 80% of patients who received nitroglycerin (n = 20) compared with 40% of the patients who received placebo (n = 15) (P < .05).Nitrate-augmented 201Tl reinjection significantly, albeit modestly, improves detection of defect reversibility, especially in patients with coronary collateral circulation.
Let's Stop Boxing in the Olympics and the US Military
Authors: Robert W. Enzenauer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I am writing to applaud Dr Lundberg's efforts to eliminate boxing in civilized countries.<sup>1</sup>I am sure his latest Editorial suggesting that boxing be eliminated from the Olympics and no longer sponsored by the US military will be no less controversial. Proponents of boxing in the armed forces in general and at the service academies in particular argue that boxing develops physical courage while teaching the boxer how to surmount fear. However, at the US Military Academy the female cadets do not box, but rather participate in martial arts instruction. If boxing is such an integral part of leadership development, then certainly these women are not getting the full benefit of their West Point education. The alleged benefits of boxing need to be weighed against the definite medical risks associated with participation. I have been a singular unpopular voice calling for the elimination of boxing in
SENSATIONALISM AND DOGMATISM IN SANITARY MATTERS.
Authors: HENRY LEFFMANN
Journal: JAMA (1885)

[Read in Section of State Medicine and Hygiene, American Medical Association, May, 1884.] The development of preventive medicine into a full science, to the assistance of which chemistry, microscopy and other aids of research have been invoked, is an event of our own time. This study brings our profession into closer contact with the masses than does perhaps any other department of medicine. The work of instructing the community on sanitary topics has been pushed so far that disease is now generally recognized as the necessary result of violation of natural laws, although some superstitious ideas still survive. The multiplication of official boards of health and the general acquiescence of the public in the decisions of these bodies are so many testimonies to an increased appreciation of hygiene. The medical press, the means by which the profession disseminates its scientific information, is practically unavailable for distributing it among the masses;
Abstract P1-08-07: High tumor CD68 mRNA content (intratumoral macrophages) predicts response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: RM Wirtz, J Aigner, F Marme, S Eidt, P Altevogt, P Sinn, A Schneeweiss
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background Immune cell infiltrates have been shown to play a prominent role with regard to prognosis of node negative breast cancer (Schmidt et al 2008). Moreover, it has been shown that B-cells and T-Cells are of particular importance for the response to chemotherapy (Schmidt et al. 2012). However, the role of macrophages remains unclear. It has been assumed, that tumor-associated macrophages play a role in promoting tumorigenesis. Still their role with regard to therapy prediction is unknown. Here we tested wether the infiltration of macrophages is associated with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and Methods Pretreatment core cut biopsies from n = 100 patients with PBC treated within a randomized phase II trial (1) of anthracyline/taxane based NAC were examined. RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) routine biopsies were extracted using a bead-based extraction method (STRATIFYER XTRAKT kits). CD68 and ESR1, PGR, HER2, Ki67 as well as CALM2 as a house keeping gene were measured via a multiplex quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Correlation analyses and partitioning tests were performed using the SAS JMP® 9.0.0 software. Results CD68 mRNA exhibited a normal data distribution (Median expression 40-DCT 34,66) in the core needle biopsies of advanced breast tumors. CD68 mRNA correlated strongly with Ki67 mRNA levels (Spearman r = 0,46; p&amp;lt;0,001), whereas there is virtually no correlation with other classical biomarkers such as ESR1, PGR and HER2. Partitioning analysis revealed that CD68 mRNA levels are superior to the previously and prospectively validated response markers ESR1 mRNA and HER2 mRNA. When using the median mRNA expression as an objective cut-off measurement no tumor having low CD68 mRNA expression did respond to chemotherapy, while 22% of the CD68 positive tumors responded by pathological complete response (ypT0ypN0). Based on molecular subtyping into Luminal, HER2 positive and Triple-Negative with predefined Cut-Off values for ESR1mRNA and HER2 mRNA levels, high CD68 were particularly informative within luminal tumors (22% pCR versus 0% pCR rate) and Triple negative tumors (38% pCR versus 0% pCR rate). Conclusion The presence of macrophages indicates tumors being sensitive to chemotherapy beyond the prospectively validated ESR1 and HER2 mRNA determinations (2), both in luminal and triple negative tumors. The mRNA expression levels of CD68 provide additional information beyond conventional subtyping and might therefore be useful for early assessment of non-response to chemotherapy und subsequent treatment planning. 1) Schneeweiss et al, Ann Oncol 2011 2) Denkert et al, Ann Oncol 2013. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-07.
Familial IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Bruce A. Julian, Patricia A. Quiggins, John S. Thompson, Susan Y. Woodford, Karen Gleason, Robert J. Wyatt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The evaluation of familial glomerulonephritis in patients with IgA nephropathy who were from central and eastern Kentucky resulted in the discovery of potentially related pedigrees containing 14 patients. An additional 17 members of the pedigrees had clinical glomerulonephritis, and 6 had "chronic nephritis" noted on their death certificates. Six patients with IgA nephropathy had a common ancestor. In addition, both parents of six patients with the disease came from families with other cases of IgA nephropathy. No single HLA haplotype or antigen was found in all the patients with IgA nephropathy. Our data on these pedigrees strongly support an inherited mechanism in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy in some patients.
Exhaled NO may predict loss of asthma control: the effect of concomitant allergic rhinitis
Authors: A. I. Papaioannou, M. Minas, K. Tanou, K. I. Gourgoulianis, K. Kostikas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

To the Editors: 

We read with great interest the recent article by Michils et al. 1 demonstrating that sequential changes in exhaled NO fraction ( F eNO) are associated with asthma control, even in smokers who present lower levels of F eNO compared to nonsmokers. Besides tobacco smoking, we have recently shown that a significant confounding factor in the diagnosis of asthma using F eNO is the presence of allergic rhinitis, since patients with allergic rhinitis have been found to have elevated F eNO levels [2]. This effect may well be attributed to the underlying atopic status of those patients, since elevated F eNO has been shown to be associated with a phenotype characterised by atopy and increased airway responsiveness [3]. In the present study we attempted to evaluate whether the coexistence of allergic rhinitis may affect the validity of sequential changes of F eNO in predicting control in asthmatic patients.

We performed a post-hoc analysis of a prospectively collected database of all consecutive patients evaluated in the Asthma Clinic of the Respiratory Medicine Dept, University of Thessaly Medical School (Larissa, Greece), between …