tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cyclosporin H is a potent and selective competitive antagonist of human basophil activation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine☆, ☆☆, ★, ★★
Authors: A DEPAULIS, A CICCARELLI, G DECRESCENZO, R CIRILLO, V PATELLA, G MARONE
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
Randomised controlled trial comparing transfusion of leucocyte-depleted or buffy-coat-depleted blood in surgery for colorectal cancer
Authors: J.G.A Houbiers, A Brand, L.M.G van de Watering, C.J.H van de Velde, J Hermans, P.J.M Verwey, A.B Bijnen, P Pahlplatz, M Eeftink Schattenkerk, Th Wobbes, J.E de Vries, P Klementschitsch, A.H.M van de Maas
Journal: The Lancet (1994)
Skin reactions caused by vitamin K in patients with liver disease
Authors: A. W. BULLEN, J. P. MILLER, W. J. CUNLIFFE, M. S. LOSOWSKY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Vitamin K and its analogues are frequently used in treatment of the hypoprothrombinaemia found in disease of the liver, biliary tract and small intestine. Most cases of cutaneous toxicity to vitamin K have been described in the French literature, but only two cases from Britain. This paper reports six patients with chronic liver disease who developed cutaneous reactions around the site of injection of vitamin K, and the results of investigations to futher understanding of the pathogenesis of the rash.
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) immediately after extubation reduces ventilatory failure and 90-day mortality in patients with hypercapnia
Authors: I. Stone
Journal: Thorax (2010)

This randomised open controlled trial took place from 2005–7 in three Spanish intensive care units. The aim was to assess whether non-invasive ventilation (NIV) would prevent respiratory failure and hence re-intubation, an independent risk factor for mortality, nosocomial pneumonia and length of hospital stay in patients who developed hypercapnia (arterial carbon dioxide tension >45 mm Hg) during a spontaneous …
Biventricular Circulatory Support With Two Miniaturized Implantable Assist Devices
Authors: Thomas Krabatsch, Evgenij Potapov, Alexander Stepanenko, Martin Schweiger, Marian Kukucka, Michael Huebler, Ewald Hennig, Roland Hetzer
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Up to 30% of patients with end-stage heart failure experience biventricular failure that requires biventricular mechanical support. For these patients, only bulky extracorporeal or implantable displacement pumps or the total artificial heart have been available to date, which enables only limited quality of life for the patients. It was our goal to evaluate a method that would allow the use of 2 implantable centrifugal left ventricular assist devices as a biventricular assist system.Seventeen patients have been implanted with 2 HeartWare HVAD pumps, 1 as a left ventricular assist device and 1 as a right ventricular assist device. Seventy-seven percent of the patients had idiopathic dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy. Their age ranged from 29 to 73 years (mean 51.8 ± 14.5 years), and 11 (64.7%) received intravenous catecholamine support preoperatively. The right ventricular assist device pump was implanted into the right ventricular free wall. The afterload of this pump was artificially increased by local reduction of the outflow graft diameter, and the effective length of its inflow cannula was reduced by the addition of two 5-mm silicon suture rings to the original HVAD implantation ring. All right ventricular assist device devices could be operated in appropriate speed ranges and delivered a flow of between 3.0 and 5.5 L/min. Thirty-day survival was 82%, and 59% of the patients could be discharged home after recovering from the operation. There was no clinically relevant hemolysis in any of the patients.Two HeartWare HVAD pumps can be used as a biventricular assist system. This implantable biventricular support gives the patients more comfort and mobility than usual biventricular ventricular assist devices with large and noisy displacement pumps.
High-Fat Diets and Fecal Level of Reductase and Colon Mucosal Level of Ornithine Decarboxylase, β-Glucuronidase, 5′-Nucleotidase, ATPase, and Esterase in Mice
Authors: N J Temple, S M El-Khatib
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article High-Fat Diets and Fecal Level of Reductase and Colon Mucosal Level of Ornithine Decarboxylase, β-Glucuronidase, 5′-Nucleotidase, ATPase, and Esterase in Mice Get access Norman J. Temple, Norman J. Temple Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shukri M. El-Khatib Shukri M. El-Khatib Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 3, March 1984, Pages 679–684, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.3.679 Published: 01 March 1984 Article history Received: 01 June 1983 Accepted: 22 November 1983 Published: 01 March 1984
Vitamin D and chronic disease prevention
Authors: P. Welsh, N. Sattar
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Multiple meta-analyses but still no magic bullet

Vitamin D “deficiency” (circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <30 nmol/L) has been linked to a remarkable array of chronic diseases, including bone mineral disease, autoimmunity, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular outcomes.1 So plentiful are vitamin D’s putative mechanistic actions that it has been whimsically invoked as an explanation for why good triumphs over evil in JRR Tolkien’s The Hobbit .2 Parody aside, the vitamin D literature comprises a minefield of observational data and mixed quality evidence from predominately small trials. Appropriate interpretation of the data is further muddied by seemingly endless media reports suggesting vitamin D as a panacea for chronic disease.3 4

Against this backdrop, two new papers bravely attempt to make sense of the existing data. Theodoratou and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.g2035) highlight differences between observational data (relating circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D to outcomes) and randomised controlled trials of supplementation.5 Of a remarkable 137 different outcomes reportedly linked to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, only 10 had also been tested in trials, and only one (birth weight) had apparently concordant evidence of “benefit” from observational studies and trials. This pattern of findings should ring alarm bells; observational epidemiology extolled the virtues of antioxidant vitamins, …
PROGNOSTIC RELEVANCE OF TUMOUR-CELL GROWTH FRACTION IN MALIGNANT NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS
Authors: J. Gerdes, H. Stein, S. Pileri, M.T. Rivano, M. Gobbi, E. Ralfkiaer, K.M. Nielsen, G. Pallesen, H. Bartels, G. Palestro, G. Delsol
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Effects of Common Germ-Line Genetic Variation in Cell Cycle Genes on Ovarian Cancer Survival
Authors: Honglin Song, Estrid Hogdall, Susan J. Ramus, Richard A. DiCioccio, Claus Hogdall, Lydia Quaye, Valerie McGuire, Alice S. Whittemore, Mitul Shah, David Greenberg, Douglas F. Easton, Susanne Kruger Kjaer, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Simon A. Gayther
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Somatic alterations have been shown to correlate with ovarian cancer prognosis and survival, but less is known about the effects on survival of common inherited genetic variation. Of particular interest are genes involved in cell cycle pathways, which regulate cell division and could plausibly influence clinical characteristics of multiple tumors types. Experimental Design: We examined associations between common germ-line genetic variation in 14 genes involved in cell cycle pathway (CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CCNE1, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CDKN2C, CDKN2D, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and RB1) and survival among women with invasive ovarian cancer participating in a multicenter case-control study from United Kingdom, Denmark, and United States. DNAs from up to 1,499 women were genotyped for 97 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that tagged the known common variants (minor allele frequency ≥0.05) in these genes. The genotypes of each polymorphism were tested for association with survival by Cox regression analysis. Results: A nominally statistically significant association between genotype and ovarian cancer survival was observed for polymorphisms in CCND2 and CCNE1. The per-allele hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.16 (1.03-1.31; P = 0.02) for rs3217933, 1.14 (1.02-1.27; P = 0.024) for rs3217901, and 0.85 (0.73-1.00; P = 0.043) for rs3217862 in CCND2 and 1.39 (1.04-1.85; P = 0.033) for rs3218038 in CCNE1. However, these were not significant after adjusting for multiple hypothesis tests. Conclusion: It is unlikely that common variants in cell cycle pathways examined above associated with moderate effect in survival after diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Much larger studies will be needed to exclude common variants with small effects.
Isolation, purification, and radiolabeling of a novel 120-kD surface protein on Blastomyces dermatitidis yeasts to detect antibody in infected patients.
Authors: B S Klein, J M Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

No well-defined Blastomyces-specific antigens are currently available. We used sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting to identify immunologically active molecules in the cell wall of B. dermatitidis. A major immunoreactive 120-kD protein (WI-1) was present in all five strains studied and comprised 5% of the protein in the cell wall extract obtained after freezing and thawing yeast cells. WI-1 was recognized by serum from all 10 patients with blastomycosis but by none of those from 5 patients with histoplasmosis. It was purified by electroelution, radiolabeled with 125I, and incorporated into a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for serodiagnosis of blastomycosis. Antibody to WI-1 was detected in 58 (85%) of 68 patients with blastomycosis (geometric mean titer, 1:2,981), in two (3%) of 73 patients with histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, sporotrichosis, or candidiasis (titers, 1:86 and 1:91) and in none of 44 healthy persons. WI-1 was shown to be a surface molecule abundant on B. dermatitidis yeasts that were indirectly stained with serum from a rabbit immunized with WI-1. Approximately 0.93 pg of WI-1 or 4.7 x 10(6) WI-1 molecules were found on the surface of an individual yeast using an antigen-inhibition RIA; none was found on Histoplasma capsulatum or Candida albicans yeasts. We conclude that WI-1 is a novel, immunologically active surface molecule on the invasive form of B. dermatitidis and that WI-1 can be used to reliably detect antibody and study the immunopathogenesis of blastomycosis.
How France has hijacked tobacco price increase, an effective tool of tobacco control, to increase the financial profits
Authors: Bertrand Dautzenberg, Joseph Osman, Marie-Dominique Dautzenberg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Increasing the tobacco products price is a tool to reduce tobacco consumption. The FCTC announces a 4% decrease of tobacco consumption for a 10% price increase. The last decade France has experienced two opposite periods with two opposites effects.  Method: We have compared tobacco price increase to sales of cigarettes in France during the presidency of J.Chirac 2002-2007 and the presidency of N.Sarkozy 2007-2012.  Results: In 2003 President Chirac implements the first cancer plan and, among 20 measures against tobacco, a 39% increase of tobacco taxes produce price of cigarettes within 18 months, just after a 12% increase in 2002 (total = 51% increase). The price of Marlboro 20 cigarettes pack has increased of 1.4€. The number of cigarettes sold by year has dropped down from 82 billion to 54 billion (34% decrease).  From 2007 to 2012 the influence of the tobacco industry has been strong in France, and cigarettes prices have increased 4 times of 6% and a new increase of 7, 5% is anticipated in 2012. These 32% increase of prices has been managed by the tobacco industry. As a result, the sales of cigarettes remain 54 billion a year; nevertheless at the end of 2012 we will have a total increase of cigarettes pack of 1,6 €.  Conclusion: The elasticity of the increase of price on consumption has been very high (0.67) when increase of price is driven by taxes and supported by a strong engagement. The price elasticity is 0.0 when the increase of price is drive by tobacco industry and when tobacco lobbyists may be active anywhere. Article 5.3 of FCTC on interaction between tobacco industries on politicians may prevent in France failure of tobacco control.
Signal sequence analysis of expressed sequence tags from the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensisand the evolution of secreted proteins in parasites
Authors: Yvonne M Harcus, John Parkinson, Cecilia Fernández, Jennifer Daub, Murray E Selkirk, Mark L Blaxter, Rick M Maizels
Journal: Genome biology (2004)

Parasitism is a highly successful mode of life and one that requires suites of gene adaptations to permit survival within a potentially hostile host. Among such adaptations is the secretion of proteins capable of modifying or manipulating the host environment. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is a well-studied model nematode parasite of rodents, which secretes products known to modulate host immunity.Taking a genomic approach to characterize potential secreted products, we analyzed expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences for putative amino-terminal secretory signals. We sequenced ESTs from a cDNA library constructed by oligo-capping to select full-length cDNAs, as well as from conventional cDNA libraries. SignalP analysis was applied to predicted open reading frames, to identify potential signal peptides and anchors. Among 1,234 ESTs, 197 (~16%) contain predicted 5' signal sequences, with 176 classified as conventional signal peptides and 21 as signal anchors. ESTs cluster into 742 distinct genes, of which 135 (18%) bear predicted signal-sequence coding regions. Comparisons of clusters with homologs from Caenorhabditis elegans and more distantly related organisms reveal that the majority (65% at P < e-10) of signal peptide-bearing sequences from N. brasiliensis show no similarity to previously reported genes, and less than 10% align to conserved genes recorded outside the phylum Nematoda. Of all novel sequences identified, 32% contained predicted signal peptides, whereas this was the case for only 3.4% of conserved genes with sequence homologies beyond the Nematoda.These results indicate that secreted proteins may be undergoing accelerated evolution, either because of relaxed functional constraints, or in response to stronger selective pressure from host immunity.
Dyslipidaemia in patients with seropositive arthralgia predicts the development of arthritis
Authors: L A van de Stadt, A M van Sijl, D van Schaardenburg, M T Nurmohamed
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with cardiovascular disease.1 There are conflicting data as to whether or not this increased risk of cardiovascular disease is already present before the clinical onset of RA.2 In active RA an unfavourable lipid profile is present and is associated with inflammation.3 Patients with arthralgia positive for rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (aCCP) (seropositive) are at risk of developing RA and can be considered as patients with symptoms and systemic autoimmunity associated with RA without clinical arthritis.4 ,5 Considering the close relationship between inflammation and serum lipid levels, we investigated whether an unfavourable lipid profile was associated with the development of RA in patients with seropositive arthralgia.

Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density …
Telomere length and telomerase activity delineate distinctive replicative features of the B-CLL subgroups defined by immunoglobulin V gene mutations
Authors: Rajendra N. Damle, Franak M. Batliwalla, Fabio Ghiotto, Angelo Valetto, Emilia Albesiano, Cristina Sison, Steven L. Allen, Jonathan Kolitz, Vincent P. Vinciguerra, Prasad Kudalkar, Tarun Wasil, Kanti R. Rai, Manlio Ferrarini, Peter K. Gregersen, Nicholas Chiorazzi
Journal: Blood (2003)
EBUS-TBNA for diagnosis of granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy
Authors: Su Ying Low, Mariko S.Y. Koh, Thun-How Ong, Ghee-Chee Phua, Devanand Anantham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Methods:  Retrospective review of all patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA for suspected granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy at Singapore General Hospital between 2008 and 2011.   Results:  Over 3 years 33/371(9%)patients underwent EBUS-TBNA for suspected granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy – 18 for tuberculous(TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial(NTM) lymphadenitis, 15 for sarcoidosis. Mean age 47±18 years, 54.5% male. Total of 49 lymph node stations were sampled, with station 7 the most frequent (43%). Median size of lymph node was 17mm(8-30), median number of passes per lymph node 2(1-5), and core biopsy obtained in 45(92%). Median follow-up was 9months(0.5-26).  13/18 patients had TB/NTM and EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic in 9. EBUS-TBNA cultures were positive in 6(67%), 1 showed acid-fast bacilli but cultures were negative, 2 had necrotizing granulomatous inflammation from biopsies and sputum cultures grew TB. Of the 4 false negatives, mediastinoscopy in 1 patient found NTM, 1 patient9s bronchial washings grew TB, and 2 patients responded to TB treatment.  14/15 patients had sarcoidosis and EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic in 9 with non-caseating granulomatous inflammation on histology. Of the 5 false negatives, 1 patient had a transbronchial lung biopsy consistent with sarcoidosis, the other 4 were diagnosed based on clinical history, response to treatment and follow-up.  Sensitivities of EBUS-TBNA for TB/NTM, sarcoidosis and overall granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy were 69%, 64%, 64%, NPV were 56%, 17%, 33%, and accuracies were 78%, 67%, 70% respectively.   Conclusion:  EBUS-TBNA can be useful in the diagnosis of suspected granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy with a sensitivity and accuracy of >60%.
Cardiovascular changes in calcium-deficient chick embryos.
Authors: R S Tuan, H Q Nguyen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

We have developed an experimental system involving calcium-deficient chick embryos to examine the relationship between calcium homeostasis and cardiovascular activities. We have found that the calcium-deficient embryos, when compared with control animals, exhibit tachycardia and are significantly hypertensive. The effects are unlikely to be due to gross cardiac malformations or hypertrophy. The hypertensive condition appears to be a specific result of the systemic calcium deficiency since calcium supplementation to these embryos significantly restores the functions to normality.
Mechanical insufflation/exsufflation: has it come of age? A commentary
Authors: J.R. Bach
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

In 1852, the English physician Meryon 1 described how a 16-yr-old male with what was to become known as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, died from acute respiratory failure during a febrile episode with “profuse secretion of mucus from the trachea and larynx”. One-hundred and fifty years later, over 90% of episodes of respiratory failure in patients with muscular dystrophy are caused by ineffective coughing during intercurrent chest colds 2. Most people with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) still die prematurely or are hospitalised and undergo tracheotomy, because of failure to assist respiratory muscles to prevent respiratory failure. The study by Chatwin et al. 3 of cough augmentation with mechanical in‐exsufflation (MI‐E) is an important step towards ending this perennial trend.

Over 700 patients with NMDs, postpoliomyelitis, high-level spinal cord injury, and other conditions with respiratory muscle weakness or paralysis have used noninvasive positive pressure ventilation delivered via mouthpieces 4 and nasal interfaces 5 for continuous ventilatory support, in many cases, for over 40 years 2, 5–9. However, it would have been impossible for these patients to have avoided tracheotomy had they been unable to effectively clear airway secretions during intercurrent chest colds. Whereas the mucociliary elevator is generally intact in patients with NMD unless they undergo tracheotomy, the cough is not. Leith 10 reported that a normal cough requires that the vocal folds enlarge airway diameter and the inspiratory muscles inspire up to ∼85–90% of total lung capacity. There is then a rapid and firm closure of the glottis for ∼0.2 s. Both glottic opening and closure require intrinsic laryngeal (bulbar) muscle contractions. Subsequent contraction of abdominal and intercostal (expiratory) muscles results in intrapleural pressures of ≤18.62 kPa (140 mmHg). Upon glottic opening, this causes an explosive decompression …
THE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF STEROID HORMONES IN OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Edward C. Reifenstein, Fuller Albright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1947)

In a previous communication from this clinic (1), three metabolic studies on the effect of estradiol benzoate on the calcium and phosphorus metabolisms of patients with post-menopausal osteoporosis were published in abstract form.The first objective of the present paper is to report these studies in detail, supplemented by 2 additional studies: one in which testosterone propionate by itself, and in combination with estradiol benzoate, was used; and another in which diethylstilbestrol by itself, and in combination with progesterone, was employed.The subject of the 1 The expense of these studies was defrayed by grants from the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, from the Rocke- feller Foundation, and from the National Research Coun- cil (Committee for Research in the Problems of Sex).A bed
Prognostic role of myocardial tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and terminal complement complex expression in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Oliver Zimmermann, Matthias Kochs, Thomas P. Zwaka, Magdalena Bienek‐Ziolkowski, Martin Höher, Vinzenz Hombach, Jan Torzewski
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Phylogeny of the fish parasite Ichthyophthirius and its relatives Ophryoglena and Tetrahymena (Ciliophora, Hymenostomatia) inferred from 18S ribosomal RNA sequences.
Authors: A D Wright, D H Lynn
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Phylogenetic relationships within the subclass Hymenostomatia were inferred from the comparisons of three new SSrRNA gene sequences from Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (1,751 bp), Ophryoglena catenula (1,748 bp), and Tetrahymena corlissi (1,753 bp). Using maximum-parsimony and distance-matrix methods, Ichthyophthirius and Ophryoglena were consistently paired and formed a sister group to the tetrahymenines, consistent with their placement in the Ophryoglenina. Tetrahymenids formed a monophyletic group that was divided into main lineages: T. corlissi diverged from the base of the lineage that included T. thermophila.