tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Supply of the Myocardium after Temporary Coronary Occlusion
Authors: ARNO KRUG, WOLFGANG DU MESNIL DE ROCHEMONT, GERHARD KORB
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

A coronary artery and the accompanying vein were ligated temporarily for 30, 60 and 120 minutes in 39 cats. By labelling the blood with the fluorescent dye acridine orange, the intravital blood supply of the myocardium was investigated 5 minutes to 6 hours after release of the ligature. The region supplied by the temporarily ligated coronary artery (RSCA) was demonstrated by postmortal perfusion of this vessel using the dye light green. Resumption of circulation in the deeper layers of the RSCA was delayed after a prior coronary occlusion, even occasionally after occlusions lasting only 30 minutes. After a coronary ligation of 60 to 120 minutes the inner layers of the RSCA became the sites of prolonged disturbance of blood supply. The circulatory abnormality observed immediately following release of the ligature did not result from intraluminal vascular obstruction. Even after a temporary ischemia lasting 120 minutes it was still possible, immediately after removal of the ligature, to perfuse an intravitally ischemic portion of the RSCA. The significance of these results for the determination of the so-called "revival-time" of the cardiac muscle is pointed out.
Postural Changes in Blood Pressure Associated with Interactions between Candidate Genes for Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Exposure to Particulate Matter
Authors: Elissa Wilker, Murray A. Mittleman, Augusto A. Litonjua, Audrey Poon, Andrea Baccarelli, Helen Suh, Robert O. Wright, David Sparrow, Pantel Vokonas, Joel Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Fine particulate matter [aerodynamic diameter </= 2.5 mum (PM(2.5))] has been associated with autonomic dysregulation. We hypothesized that PM(2.5) influences postural changes in systolic blood pressure (DeltaSBP) and in diastolic blood pressure (DeltaDBP) and that this effect is modified by genes thought to be related to chronic lung disease. We measured blood pressure in participants every 3-5 years. DeltaSBP and DeltaDBP were calculated as sitting minus standing SBP and DBP. We averaged PM(2.5) over 48 hr before study visits and analyzed 202 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 25 genes. To address multiple comparisons, data were stratified into a split sample. In the discovery cohort, the effects of SNP x PM(2.5) interactions on DeltaSBP and DeltaDBP were analyzed using mixed models with subject-specific random intercepts. We defined positive outcomes as p < 0.1 for the interaction; we analyzed only these SNPs in the replicate cohort and confirmed them if p < 0.025 with the same sign. Confirmed associations were analyzed within the full cohort in models adjusted for anthropometric and lifestyle factors. Nine hundred forty-five participants were included in our analysis. One interaction with rs9568232 in PHD finger protein 11 (PHF11) was associated with greater DeltaDBP. Interactions with rs1144393 in matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP1) and rs16930692, rs7955200, and rs10771283 in inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) were associated with significantly greater DeltaSBP. Because SNPs associated with DeltaSBP in our analysis are in genes along the renin-angiotensin pathway, we then examined medications affecting that pathway and observed significant interactions for angiotensin receptor blockers but not angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors with PM(2.5). PM(2.5) influences blood pressure and autonomic function. This effect is modified by genes and drugs that also act along this pathway.
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Tumor Cell Contamination and Survival of Neuroblastoma Patients
Authors: Maria Valeria Corrias, Riccardo Haupt, Barbara Carlini, Stefano Parodi, Lucia Rivabella, Alberto Garaventa, Vito Pistoia, Sandro Dallorso
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Contribution of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) contaminating tumor cells to subsequent relapse and overall survival of neuroblastoma patients remains controversial. Experimental Design: Neuroblastoma cell contamination of 27 PBSC harvests from stage IV neuroblastoma patients was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR for both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and GD2 synthase (GD2-s). The effect of PBSC contamination on survival was then analyzed. Results: Seven PBSC tested negative for both markers; 19 were positive for GD2-s, 6 for TH, with 5 positive for both. Survival of the 20 patients with positive PBSC did not differ from that of the patients with negative PBSC (log-rank test, P = 0.134 and 0.218 for event-free survival and overall survival, respectively). By considering the TH and GD2-s results independently, a borderline (P = 0.053) negative effect on event-free survival was observed in patients reinfused with GD2-s-positive PBSC. When the status at transplant was taken into account, only the event-free survival of the patients rescued when in complete remission with GD2-s-negative PBSC was better, although not significantly, than that of patients infused with GD2-s-positive PBSC. Conclusions: Our results obtained in a small cohort of homogeneously treated stage IV patients suggest that patient survival is not affected by PBSC contamination with the exception of a borderline negative effect on event-free survival in patients rescued when in complete remission.
Biological role of matrix metalloproteinases: a critical balance
Authors: S. Löffek, O. Schilling, C-W. Franzke
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of the metzincin group of proteases which share the conserved zinc-binding motif in their catalytic active site. It was originally thought that their main function is to degrade the various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), yet recent studies have led us to appreciate their significance as regulators of extracellular tissue signalling networks. Due to the broad spectrum of their substrate specificity, MMPs contribute to the homeostasis of many tissues and participate in several physiological processes, such as bone remodelling, angiogenesis, immunity and wound healing. MMP activity is tightly controlled at the level of transcription, pro-peptide activation and inhibition by tissue inhibitors of MMPs. Dysregulated MMP activity leads to pathological conditions such as arthritis, inflammation and cancer, thus highlighting MMPs as promising therapeutic targets. Analysis of MMP mutant mice has proved to be an essential tool for the identification of novel functions and interactions of single MMP members. Advancing our understanding of the MMP contribution to tissue homeostasis will lead us to identify causal relationships between their dysregulation and the development of disease pathologies, thus guiding us to successful MMP-directed therapies.
Follow-up after lung cancer resection: is intensified also justified?
Authors: Paul E. Van Schil
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In patients who undergo complete resection of a nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) post-operative follow-up to detect locoregional and distant recurrences is indicated in order to find potentially treatable lesions at an early stage. There is also an increased risk of developing a second primary lung cancer, unrelated to the previous tumour. Thus, secondary screening may also be worthwhile in this patient population.

The questions relating to which examinations to perform, their optimal frequency, and precise duration of follow-up have not been clearly determined yet. Clinical examination and chest radiography are the basic, classical examinations performed. No doubt, chest computed tomography (CT) providing detailed lung and mediastinal images is more accurate than chest radiography. For primary screening, results of chest CT are quite impressive, as has been shown by the National Lung Screening Trial [1]. More than 50 000 persons at high risk for developing lung cancer were randomised between screening with postero–anterior chest radiography and low-dose CT. In the …
NOTES ON A CASE OF COLLOID PSEUDOMILIUM
Authors: G. H. PERCIVAL, D. A. DUTHIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1948)

Journal Article NOTES ON A CASE OF COLLOID PSEUDOMILIUM Get access G. H. PERCIVAL, M.D., Ph.D., D.P.K., F.R.C.P.E., G. H. PERCIVAL, M.D., Ph.D., D.P.K., F.R.C.P.E. Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. A. DUTHIE, M.B., Ch.B., M.R.C.P.E. D. A. DUTHIE, M.B., Ch.B., M.R.C.P.E. Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 60, Issue 12, 1 December 1948, Pages 399–404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1948.tb10971.x Published: 01 December 1948
Comparison of skin incisions used for open lateral internal sphincterotomies – Radial versus circumferential incisions: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wook Ho Kang, Cheong Ho Lim, Dong Hyun Choi, Hyeon Keun Shin, Young Chan Lee, Seung Kyu Jeong, Hyung Kyu Yang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
A10.22 Response to MTX Plus Prednisone in Camera II Using a Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity (Vectra™DA) TEST and DAS28-ESR
Authors: JWJ Bijlsma, MS Jurgens, JWG Jacobs, M Bakker, FPJ Lafeber, PMJ Welsing, G Cavet, D Chernoff, EH Sasso, W Li, DJ Haney
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> The CAMERA II study (Computer Assisted Management in Early RA) demonstrated that the addition of prednisone versus placebo to a MTX-based tight-control strategy increased effectiveness of therapy and reduced need for biological treatment. The present study evaluated changes in biomarker levels over time with MTX+placebo and MTX+prednisone treatment, using the Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity (MBDA) blood test. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Clinical and biomarker assessments were performed at monthly visits to 1 year for 92 patients who had MBDA test results available at baseline and ≥1 subsequent visit. Average number of visits with non-missing disease activity measures was 3.7 per patient. Concentrations of 12 serum biomarkers were combined to produce a score between 1 and 100 using the MBDA algorithm, which generates a validated measure of disease activity. Biomarker responses were also assessed individually but only to 5 months, to avoid subsequent protocol-mandated exposures to non-MTX DMARDs for insufficient responders. Association between DAS28-ESR response and MBDA response was assessed using Spearman's correlation. Changes from baseline and comparisons of change over time for MTX+placebo versus MTX+prednisone were analysed by t-tests. Biomarker concentrations were analysed as fractions relative to baseline using Mann Whitney U tests. <h3>Results</h3> Changes from baseline to 1 year in DAS28-ESR and MBDA scores showed a significant correlation in the MTX+placebo arm (r = 0.57, p &lt; 0.001, n = 31) and the MTX+prednisone arm (r = 0.57, p = 0.002, n = 28). Improvements in DAS28-ESR (p &lt; 0.001) and MBDA (p = 0.01) scores were observed as early as 1 month post-BL in the MTX+prednisone arm. Significant reduction in disease activity in the MTX+placebo arm was first observed at 2 months for DAS28-ESR (p = 0.02) and 4 months for MBDA (p = 0.03). Overall, DAS28-ESR and MBDA response profiles were similar, with mean changes at month 5 for MTX+placebo and MTX+prednisone being –2.2/–4.2 for DAS28-ESR, and –13/–21 for MBDA score. Individual biomarker response profiles differed: for some biomarkers, MTX+placebo had little/no effect but MTX+prednisone had significant effect (e.g., MMP-1, TNF-R1, VCAM-1); for others, MTX+placebo had a significant effect that was augmented (e.g., CRP, IL-6, VEGF) or not affected (SAA) by prednisone. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Responses assessed with the biomarker-based MBDA test and DAS28-ESR were greater and more rapid for therapy with MTX+prednisone than MTX+placebo, even though individual biomarkers differed in their response profiles. The MBDA test may be useful in combination with clinical assessment to evaluate early response to therapy with MTX or MTX+prednisone.
Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Gene Transfer Modifies Venous Bypass Graft Remodeling
Authors: Nick E.J. West, HuSheng Qian, Tomasz J. Guzik, Edward Black, Shijie Cai, Samuel E. George, Keith M. Channon
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Pathological vascular remodeling in venous bypass grafts (VGs) results in smooth muscle cell (SMC) intimal hyperplasia and provides the substrate for progressive atherosclerosis, the principal cause of late VG failure. Nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity is reduced in VGs, in association with increased vascular superoxide production, but how these features relate to pathological VG remodeling remains unclear. We used gene transfer of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) to investigate how increased NO production modulates vascular remodeling in VGs and determined the effects on late VG phenotype.New Zealand White rabbits (n=60) underwent jugular-carotid interposition bypass graft surgery with intraoperative adenoviral gene transfer of nNOS or beta-galactosidase. Vessels were analyzed after 3 days (early, to investigate acute injury/inflammation) or 28 days (late, to investigate SMC intimal hyperplasia). In early VGs, nNOS gene transfer significantly increased NOS activity and substantially reduced adhesion molecule expression and inflammatory cell infiltration. In late VGs, recombinant nNOS protein was no longer evident, but there were sustained effects on VG remodeling, resulting in a striking reduction in SMC intimal hyperplasia, a more differentiated intimal SMC phenotype, and reduced vascular superoxide production.Intraoperative nNOS gene transfer has sustained favorable effects on VG remodeling and on the vascular phenotype of mature VGs. These findings suggest that early, transient modification of the response to vascular injury is a powerful approach to modulate VG biology and highlight the potential utility of NOS gene transfer as a therapeutic strategy in VGs.
Identification of an idiotypic marker of a major regulatory T cell of the immune response in B10.BR mice to ferredoxin. The relationship of idiotypic regulation to conventional hapten-carrier effects.
Authors: M Weaver, R Singhai, L Sikora, J G Levy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

An anti-idiotypic antiserum was raised in rabbits to a monoclonal antibody (Fd-1) with specificity for one (the N epitope) of the two antigenic epitopes found on the ferredoxin (Fd) molecule. The anti-idiotypic antiserum (anti-Fd-1) was used to demonstrate that the Fd-1 idiotype was expressed at significant levels in most anti-Fd antisera raised in B10.BR mice. Examination of antisera raised in other mouse strains demonstrated that expression of this idiotype mapped to the IgH gene complex and was found in the antisera of all mouse strains examined with the Ig-1 allotype. When splenocytes from Fd-immune B10.Br mice were treated with anti-Fd-1 and transferred to irradiated syngeneic recipients, the adoptive secondary response was significantly higher in animals receiving treated cells as opposed to control animals, which received normal rabbit serum-treated cells. This response produced a net increase in antibody to both determinants, and the relative amount of Fd-1 idiotype was not significantly altered. Further studies with separated cell populations showed that the overall increase of anti-Fd antibody produced was attributable to the effects of the anti-idiotypic serum on a population(s) of T cells. Treatment of mice with the Fd-1 monoclonal antibody (which should react with anti-idiotypic cells) had an analogous effect to that of the anti-idiotype, in that mice so treated produced higher concentrations of anti-Fd antibodies when they were immunized and these antibodies exhibited net increases to both determinants. A model is presented to explain these results.
Return to work after coronary artery surgery for angina.
Authors: J E Dussek, H T Thompson, B T Williams
Journal: BMJ (1979)

More data are needed to confirm or refute the longstanding views of an important association between a deficiency of EFAs and ischaemic heart disease.This may be mediated through prostaglandin-related thrombogenesis rather than the development of coronary atheroma.We now need to collect evidence to determine whether the addition of certain EFAs to the diet reduces indices of hyper- coagulability in man.If so, such specific dietary supplementation should be tested formally to see if it is preventive in communi- ties with a very high vascular mortality.
Human HDL containing a novel apoC-I isoform induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis
Authors: Catherine J. McNeal, Subroto Chatterjee, Jennifer Hou, London S. Worthy, Craig D. Larner, Ronald D. Macfarlane, Petar Alaupovic, Robert W. Brocia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

We discovered that some adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) have a high density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass which induces human aortic smooth muscle cell (ASMC) apoptosis in vitro. The purpose of this investigation was to determine what properties differentiate apoptotic and non-apoptotic HDL subclasses in adults with and without CHD. Density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to measure the particle density distribution and to isolate two HDL subclass fractions, HDL2 and HDL3, from 21 individuals, including 12 without CHD. The HDL fractions were incubated with ASMCs for 24 h; apoptosis was quantitated relative to C2-ceramide and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The observed effect of some HDL subclasses on apoptosis was ∼6-fold greater than TNF-α and ∼16-fold greater than the cell medium. We observed that apoptotic HDL was (i) predominately associated with the HDL2 subclass; (ii) almost exclusively found in individuals with a higher apoC-I serum level and a novel, higher molecular weight isoform of apoC-I; and (iii) more common in adults with CHD, the majority of whom had high (>60 mg/dL) HDL-C levels. Some HDL subclasses enriched in a novel isoform of apoC-I induce extensive ASMC apoptosis in vitro. Individuals with this apoptotic HDL phenotype generally have higher apoC-I and HDL-C levels consistent with an inhibitory effect of apoC-I on cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. The association of this phenotype with processes that can promote plaque rupture may explain a source of CHD risk not accounted for by the classical risk factors.
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis
Authors: Constantinos Glynos, Nikolaos Papathanasiou, Ioanna Nikoloutsou, Georgios T. Stathopoulos
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

We present images obtained immediately pre-mortem from a 60-year-old woman with long-standing pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Posterior– anterior digital chest radiograph (Figure 1A) exhibits the characteristic bilateral diffuse micronodular ‘‘sandstorm’’ radiographic pattern. Chest computed tomography (Figure 1B) shows bilateral confluent micronodular parenchymal and pleural calcification (left; soft-tissue window; white arrows), and interstitial thickening/fibrosis (right; lung parenchymal window; additional opacities). Whole-body 99mTechenetium-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy (Figure 1C) shows diffusely increased radiotracer uptake over the lungs (arrows). Microlithiasis has been linked to mutations in the alveolar phosphate-sodium co-transporter SLC34A2 (1). The pathophysiology of calcium phosphate deposition in the alveolar spaces is reviewed elsewhere (2).
A comparison of airway responsiveness in smokers with chronic bronchitis and in asthmatic subjects
Authors: T Engel, JH Heinig, O Madsen, M Hansen, ER Weeke
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1989)

Fifty-two of 95 smokers with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) above 70% predicted and with chronic bronchitis were found to have increased bronchial responsiveness, expressed as PC20FEV1, upon challenge with inhaled histamine. The degree of responsiveness was significantly below that found in matched asthmatics, but substantially higher than that reported in normals. The degree of responsiveness was significantly correlated to prechallenge ventilatory capacity, age and tobacco consumption but not to sex. PC40MEF50 showed the same distribution as PC20FEV1, but did not add further information. The slope of the dose response curve expressing the maximum expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity expired (MEF50) did not correlate with any of the parameters measured. The slope of the FEV1 dose-response curves showed significant correlation with tobacco consumption. The degree of bronchial responsiveness as an indication for future disability needs to be investigated.
Recognising and responding to suicidal crisis within family and social networks: qualitative study
Authors: C. Owens, G. Owen, J. Belam, K. Lloyd, F. Rapport, J. Donovan, H. Lambert
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To shed light on the difficulties faced by relatives, friends, and colleagues in interpreting signs of suicidality and deciding whether and how to intervene. <b>Design</b> Qualitative study of completed suicides, based on in-depth interviews with multiple informants. <b>Setting</b> London, southwest England, and south Wales. <b>Participants</b> 31 lay informants (one to five for each case), including parents, partners, siblings, friends, and colleagues of 14 cases of suicide in which the deceased was aged 18-34 and was not in contact with secondary mental health services. <b>Results</b> Informants described both intellectual and emotional barriers to awareness and intervention within the family and social network. They reported that signs and communications of distress were often oblique and difficult to interpret, that they may have disregarded warning signals and focused instead on positive signs, and that, even when they were aware that something was seriously wrong, taking any action at all involved considerable personal risks. <b>Conclusions</b> As the suicidal process unfolds, significant others are faced with a highly complex task. Their proximity to the suicidal person and their emotional investment in the relationship make it difficult for them to see what is happening, to say anything to the person or to other members of the network, or to seek help outside the network. Efforts to strengthen the capacity of lay people to play a role in preventing suicide are urgently needed and should be informed by a thorough understanding of these difficulties. They should highlight the ambiguous nature of warning signs and should focus on helping people to acknowledge and overcome their fears about intervening.