tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of the Psychiatric Emergency
Authors: Elissa P. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1981)

According to the author's preface,<i>Management of the Psychiatric Emergency</i>has been written for emergency medical technicians and emergency department staff, to enable them to make "decisive interventions in psychiatric emergency." The book presents a detailed, comprehensive, and understandable treatment approach to each of the 12 most common types of patient with a psychiatric emergency. While one can quibble with the types selected, the most important and critical are indeed described: the disoriented patient, the suicidal patient, the patient reacting to alcohol or substance abuse, and the violent patient. Each chapter is organized in the same fashion. First, the author describes a typical psychiatric crisis in terms of the patient's mood, perceptions, and behavior. Then he discusses the precipitating causes (intrapsychic, interpersonal, and biologic) for the psychiatric condition. The author covers the reactions of others to the patient, including the emergency room staff, emergency medical technician, and emergency department physician.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and acne in male patients
Authors: K. Degitz, M. Placzek, B. Arnold, H. Schmidt, G. Plewig
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Summary Seborrhoea is one pathogenic factor for acne. Androgens induce sebum production, and excess androgen may provoke or aggravate acne. In women an androgen disorder is frequently suspected when acne is accompanied by hirsutism or menstrual irregularities. In men acne may be the only symptom of androgen excess. We report three male acne patients in whom hormonal screening revealed irregularities of androgen metabolism suggestive of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia and who benefitted from low-dose glucocorticoids. Disorders of androgen metabolism may influence acne not only in women, but also in men, and these patients may benefit from low-dose glucocorticoid therapy.
ACUTE MASSIVE COLLAPSE OF THE LUNG FOLLOWING LIPIODOL INJECTION
Authors: A. J. S. Pinchin, H. V. Morlock
Journal: BMJ (1931)

_~~~~~~MEIA_ORAArgyll Robertson sign, may be found associated with loss of tendon reflexes in patients with a benign disorder that has nothing to do with syphilis whatsoever.Note.-After this was w^ritten, Mr. Foster Moore kindly allowed me to read the typescript of his paper on the nonluetic Argyll Robertson pupil, which he read at the recent ophthalmological congress.In one of his fifteen patients with this abnormal reaction of the pupil, the knee-jerks were absent: in another they were obtained with reinforcement
Demonstration of Saphenous Vein Bypass Graft Patency on Radionuclide Venogram
Authors: DAVID T. VOLARICH, RAYMOND B. DUONG, MARINO FERNANDEZ-ULLO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

VOLARICH, DAVID T. D.O.; DUONG, RAYMOND B. M.D.; FERNANDEZ-ULLOA, MARINO M.D. Author Information
Chronic Discoid Lupus In Children
Authors: R. K. Winkelmann
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I should like to provide further follow-up on the patient referred to as case 1 in our study on chronic discoid lupus erythematosus in children (<b>205</b>:675, 1968). Fever, arthralgia, weakness, and Raynaud's phenomenon developed in this patient at age 12, and for the first time there was a positive lupus erythematous (LE) clot test. Albuminuria, anemia, and the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was made. The patient was treated with corticosteroids which were discontinued when remission was achieved. At the age of 15 the patient was admitted to the hospital with a recurrence of similar symptoms, leukopenia, elevated sedimentation rate, positive LE clot preparations, and marked urinary sediment. He was treated with azathioprine (Imuran) and prednisone. Oral ulcerations developed and the patient died. Autopsy examination performed by Dr. H. Marshall at the University of Kansas Medical Center revealed Libman-Sacks endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis, fibrous perisplenitis, typical
Proper Blood Transfusion Practice
Authors: S. Gerald Sandler, Harold A. Oberman, Richard E. Rosenfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1979Proper Blood Transfusion PracticeS. GERALD SANDLER, M.D., HAROLD A. OBERMAN, M.D., RICHARD E. ROSENFIELD, M.D.S. GERALD SANDLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HAROLD A. OBERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD E. ROSENFIELD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-4-717_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We are concerned that recommendations in the Brief Report "Anti-A Hemolytic Transfusion with Packed O Cells" (1) in the October 1978 issue do not represent a practical approach to the clinical problem that is described. Having observed the "very rare event" of a nonanaphylactic hemolytic episode in a type A1recipient of a unit of type O Red Blood Cells ("packed" cells), Dr. Inwood and Mr. Zuliani recommend that clinicians "rigidly accept the principle that only ABO homologous blood should be transfused to patients." Alternatively, the authors recommend that if circumstances demand, "either the group O cells...References1. INWOODZULIANI MB: Anti-A hemolytic transfusion with packed O cells. Ann Intern Med 89:515-516, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. : Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services, 9th ed. Washington, D.C, American Association of Blood Banks Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1979Volume 90, Issue 4Page: 717-717KeywordsBlood cellsBlood transfusionCellsRed blood cells Issue Published: 1 April 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Improving Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenic Fever by Administration of Colony-Stimulating Factors
Authors: J. I. Mayordomo, F. Rivera, M. T. Diaz-Puente, P. Lianes, R. Colomer, E. Lopez-brea, L. Paz-Ares, R. Hitt, I. Garcia-Ribas, R. Cubedo, S. Alonso, H. Cortes-Funes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Several randomized trials have tested the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) in relieving chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. However, the use of CSFs in the treatment of neutropenic fever remains virtually unexplored. This study evaluated the benefits of adding CSF therapy to the standard antibiotic treatments given to cancer patients for chemotherapy-induced neutropenic fever. The usefulness of CSFs was quantified in terms of reducing the following: ( a ) the duration of neutropenia, ( b ) the length of hospitalization, and ( c ) the overall cost of the treatment. A randomized trial was conducted to test whether the administration of either G-CSF or GM-CSF improved the outcome of standard antibiotic therapy (ceftazidime plus amikacin) in nonleukemic cancer patients with fever (>38 °C) and grade IV neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <500/mm 3 ) induced by standard-dose chemotherapy. Of 121 patients who entered the trial, 39 received G-CSF (5 μg/kg body weight per day), 39 received GM-CSF (5 μg/kg body weight per day), and 43 received a placebo beginning just after the first dose of antibiotics. Treatments were continued for at least 5 days (7 days with clinically or microbiologically documented infections) or until 2 days after fever subsided and ANCs rose above 1000/mm 3 . The median duration of grade IV neutropenia (ANC of <500/mm 3 ) was 2 days in both CSF arms and 3 days in the placebo arm ( P <.001). The median duration of neutropenia with an ANC of less than 1000/mm 3 was also significantly shorter in patients receiving G-CSF or GM-CSF ( P <.001). The median duration of fever was similar in the three arms. The median hospital stay was 5 days (range, 5–14 days) in the G-CSF arm, 5 days (range, 5–10 days) in the GM-CSF arm, and 7 days (range, 5–34 days) in the placebo arm ( P <.001). The median time on CSF was 4 days in both treatment arms. The mean cost of overall treatment was reduced by $1300–$1400 in the CSF arms compared with the placebo arm ( P = .11 for G-CSF versus placebo; P = .06 for GM-CSF versus placebo; P = .7 for GCSF versus GM-CSF). Conclusions: Adding G-CSF or GMCSF therapy to antibiotic treatment shortens the duration of neutropenia and the duration of hospitalization in patients with neutropenic fever. A statistically nonsignificant trend toward lower cost was observed in the CSF arms as compared with the placebo arm. The benefits of CSFs to cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenic fever merit further evaluation in large randomized trials. [J Natl Cancer Inst 87:803–808, 1995]
Genetics, past and present, and the rise of systems dermatology
Authors: J.L. Rees
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

William Blake wrote that every honest man was a prophet. He meant that if only we could see the present with clarity then we would be able to predict the future with confidence: the future would literally unfold as a function of the present. Our difficulty with the future is only because we fail to understand the present. I would add a further twist. The purpose of imagining futures is to help understand the present. Only by imagining the varied options can we see their origins in the here and now. Guessing futures becomes a way to understand the present, the cacophony unmasked as the birth pangs of the future world. In this essay I want to explore such an approach, silently imagine where we will get to in some possible future and use this landmark to reinterpret the present. My theme is the rise and fall of genetics and the birth of what I will christen systems dermatology.
722. Antitumor Effect of IL-24 Mediated by Tumor Targeting Vector ZD55 Is Much Better Than That Mediated by Replication Deficient Adenovirus
Authors: Li-li Zhao, Jin-fa Gu, Ai-wen Dong, Yan-hong Zhang, Ling-feng He, Jin-he Zhang, Yi-gang Wang, Zi-lai Zhang, Qi-jun Qian, Cheng Qian, Xin-yuan Liu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

It has been demonstrated that interleukin-24 (also called melanoma differentiation associated gene-7, mda-7), exerts antitumor effect mediated by replicative deficient adenovirus. But the antitumor effect of Ad-IL-24 is limited. In this study, a targeting and replication adenovirus vector ZD55 was used which was similar to ONYX-015 but with marked difference in its construction method, especially with a cloning site to insert foreign antitumor gene. The ZD55-IL-24 could express substantially more IL-24 than Ad-Il-24 due to the replicate property of ZD55 and showed significant apoptosis for antitumor effect due to its additional targeting effect to p53 negative tumor. Therefore, ZD55-IL-24 could have more anitumor effect in vitro or in vivo than either ONYX-015 or Ad-IL-24, but no or very lower cytotoxic and apoptotic effect in normal cells. The antitumor effect of ZD55-IL-24 is excellent with 1/3 experimental mice perfect free from tumor and the rest mice bore very small tumor mass, showing the potent antitumor activity of ZD55-IL-24 which might have practical meanings and provide new protocol for cancer therapy. This is the first repot of antitumor effect of IL-24 in a targeting and replicate vector as ZD55. Furthermore, one of the mechanism of antitumor effect from ZD55-IL-24 was confirmed to be due to the apoptosis by the induction expression of Caspase 3, 9 and its clevation for activation. Cytochome C and Bax were also increased showing this apoptosis might relate to the mitochondrial pathway.
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;16)(p11;p13), a distinct clinical and biological entity: a collaborative study by the International-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster AML-study group
Authors: Eva A. Coenen, C. Michel Zwaan, Dirk Reinhardt, Christine J. Harrison, Oskar A. Haas, Valerie de Haas, Vladimir Mihál, Barbara De Moerloose, Marta Jeison, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Daisuke Tomizawa, Donna Johnston, Todd A. Alonzo, Henrik Hasle, Anne Auvrignon, Michael Dworzak, Andrea Pession, Vincent H. J. van der Velden, John Swansbury, Kit-fai Wong, Kiminori Terui, Sureyya Savasan, Mark Winstanley, Goda Vaitkeviciene, Martin Zimmermann, Rob Pieters, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink
Journal: Blood (2013)
972 INTERIM RESULTS: SINGLE CENTER PILOT EFFICACY STUDY OF NITAZOXANIDE PLUS PEGYLATED ALPHA-2A INTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN IN PRIOR GENOTYPE 1 NONRESPONDERS WITH HCV INDUCED CIRRHOSIS
Authors: B. Yoffe, K. Gasitashvili, V. Khaoustov
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
A chemokine receptor CCR2 allele delays HIV-1 disease progression and is associated with a CCR5 promoter mutation
Authors: Leondios G. Kostrikis, Yaoxing Huang, John P. Moore, Steve M. Wolinsky, Linqi Zhang, Yong Guo, Lisa Deutsch, John Phair, Avidan U. Neumann, David D. Ho
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Delayed Access and Survival in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Daniela J. Lamas, Steven M. Kawut, Emilia Bagiella, Nisha Philip, Selim M. Arcasoy, David J. Lederer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is often initially misdiagnosed. Delays in accessing subspecialty care could lead to worse outcomes among those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Chloral Hydrate Potentiates Anticoagulants
Authors: E. F. Domino
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Sigell and Flessa (<b>214</b>:2035, 1970) which summarizes various drug interactions with anticoagulants serves notice on the complexities of polypharmacology. The authors refer to data that chloral hydrate may cause a reduction of the anticoagulant effect of coumarins by shortening their plasma half-life. However, very recently Sellers and Koch-Weser (<i>New Eng J Med</i><b>283</b>:827-831, 1970) showed that 1 gm of chloral hydrate given daily to patients receiving warfarin sodium caused a 40% to 80% enhancement of the hypoprothrombinemic effect and never a reduction. Apparently, the mechanisms involve displacement of warfarin from albuminbinding sites in a manner crudely analogous to that of phenylbutazone, another drug which displaces warfarin from plasma albumin. Physicians prescribing these compounds must therefore be alerted, since the newer facts are opposite to the previously held belief which would cause one to overdose his patient. In fact, one pharmaceutical manufacturer has
Immune Tolerance Induction to Factor IX through B Cell Gene Transfer: TLR9 Signaling Delineates between Tolerogenic and Immunogenic B Cells
Authors: Xiaomei Wang, Babak Moghimi, Irene Zolotukhin, Laurence M Morel, Ou Cao, Roland W Herzog
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

A subset of patients with severe hemophilia B, the X-linked bleeding disorder resulting from absence of coagulation factor IX (FIX), develop pathogenic antibody responses during replacement therapy. These inhibitors block standard therapy and are often associated with anaphylactic reactions to FIX. Established clinical immune tolerance induction protocols often fail for FIX inhibitors. In a murine model of this immune complication, retrovirally transduced primary B cells expressing FIX antigen fused with immunoglobulin-G heavy chain prevented antibody formation to FIX and was also highly effective in desensitizing animals with preexisting response. In contrast, transplant of B cells that received the identical expression cassette via nucleofection of plasmid vector substantially heightened antibody formation against FIX, a response that could be blocked by toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) inhibition. While innate responses to TLR4 activation or to retrovirus were minimal in B cells, plasmid DNA activated TLR9, resulting in CpG-dependent NF-κB activation/IL-6 expression and adaptor protein 3 dependent, CpG-independent induction of IFN-I. Neither response was seen in TLR9-deficient B cells. Therefore, TLR9 signaling in B cells, in particular in response to plasmid vector, is highly immunogenic and has to be avoided in design of tolerance protocols.
CAPS1 Regulates Catecholamine Loading of Large Dense-Core Vesicles
Authors: Dina Speidel, Cathrin E. Bruederle, Carsten Enk, Thomas Voets, Frederique Varoqueaux, Kerstin Reim, Ute Becherer, Francesco Fornai, Stefano Ruggieri, Yvonne Holighaus, Eberhard Weihe, Dieter Bruns, Nils Brose, Jens Rettig
Journal: Neuron (2005)
Essentials of Pathology
Authors: Richard L. Reece
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Why this book is important can be set down in one sentence. It is a primer in paperback for pathology students.  As a primer, the Essentials of Pathology excels. The author, an associate professor of pathology at the University of Missouri, is, above all else, a teacher. He defines terms, gives facts, and describes disease— all in a few words. He doesn't crowd pages with references; he doesn't confuse readers with histological hoopla; he gives essentials.  As a paperback, the book is attractive. The cover is soft but sturdy; the binding stands up under abuse; and the pages have just enough gloss to take print well and be readable. Why do I dwell on the book's physical qualities? I have two reasons: (1) book buyers care how their books look, and (2) paperbacks can form the nucleus of a handsome inexpensive library for the student.  As a book for pathology
Comparison of computed virtual chromoendoscopy and conventional chromoendoscopy with acetic acid for detection of neoplasia in Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: J. Pohl, A. May, T. Rabenstein, O. Pech, M. Nguyen-Tat, A. Fissler-Eckhoff, C. Ell
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J. Pohl et al., pp. 594Endoscopy 2007; 39(07): 757-757DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306950
Should platelets be radiolabelled in plasma medium?
Authors: Min‐Fu Tsan, Robin L. Hill‐Zobel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Because of the low labelling efficiency of platelets with In-111 oxine in plasma containing media, most investigators have labelled platelets in plasma-free media. However, labelling of platelets with In-111 oxine in plasma-free media may result in either: irreversible damage leading to rapid clearance from the circulation and permanent hepatic sequestration; or reversible damage with transient hepatic sequestration without affecting the in vivo survival. Since human platelets can be labelled with In-111 oxine in plasma in sufficient efficiency for routine clinical use, they should be labelled in plasma whenever possible. The use of newer In-111 chelates, tropolone and mercaptopyridine-N-oxide, which label platelets with high efficiency in plasma as well as in plasma-free media, may offer another alternative.
Fish Oil Exacerbates Colitis in SMAD3 Mice
Authors: Lesley M. Butler, Mimi C. Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

There are seemingly disparate results from epidemiologic studies regarding associations between fish or marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake and colorectal cancer risk. A recent report by Woodworth et al. (1) provides clarity for why a potential etiologic factor, such as fish intake, appears protective for colorectal cancer in some populations, but risk enhancing in other populations. For example, we (2) and others (3, 4) have reported positive associations in Chinese populations, whereas a meta-analysis of prospective studies conducted in Western populations reported a statistically nonsignificant inverse association (5; Table 1).Woodworth et al. demonstrated that a marine PUFA diet increased the risk of colon adenocarcinoma in mice with Helicobacter hepaticus–induced colitis (1). Woodworth et al. concluded that mice with active colitis that were fed high doses of the marine n-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid had impaired immune function and thus were less equipped to mount a successful response to H. hepaticus infection (1). We put forth a novel hypothesis, inspired by these findings, that marine n-3 PUFAs are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in humans when in the presence of H. pylori-induced hypergastrinemia.Hypergastrinemia is a direct result of increased serum gastrin levels caused by gastric H. pylori infection. The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies worldwide, with the highest prevalence in East and Southeast Asian regions and the lowest in Western-developed regions. Hypergastrinemia has proliferative effects on colonic mucosa, and animal data support a role for hypergastrinemia in the progression of colon adenomas (6). There is also prospective epidemiologic data supporting an association between elevated gastrin levels and colorectal cancer risk (7).As suggested by Woodworth et al., a tolerable upper limit for marine PUFA intake is needed given the adverse effects of fish oil on colorectal cancer susceptibility in the presence of chronic infection. We propose that fish and marine n-3 PUFA intake is associated with increased colorectal cancer risk in chronically infected H. pylori populations with co-occurring hypergastrinemia. In contrast, fish may protect against colorectal cancer by inhibiting the formation of proinflammatory eicosanoids in populations where the prevalence of H. pylori is low and hypergastrinemia is rare. We hope that by “connecting the dots” between our earlier findings among a human population and those recently reported by Woodworth et al. using a mouse model, it helps to inform future experimental research into elucidating the potential adverse effect of marine n-3 PUFAs on colorectal carcinogenesis.No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Hypoxia Enhances S-Nitrosylation-Mediated NMDA Receptor Inhibition via a Thiol Oxygen Sensor Motif
Authors: Hiroto Takahashi, Yeonsook Shin, Seung-Je Cho, Wagner M. Zago, Tomohiro Nakamura, Zezong Gu, Yuliang Ma, Hiroyasu Furukawa, Robert Liddington, Dongxian Zhang, Gary Tong, Huei-Sheng Vincent Chen, Stuart A. Lipton
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Disparities in Using Technology to Access Health Information: Race Versus Health Literacy
Authors: Rosette J. Chakkalakal, Sunil Kripalani, David G. Schlundt, Tom A. Elasy, Chandra Y. Osborn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Leveraging computers and mobile devices to understand one's health, support self-management, and interact with providers is associated with favorable diabetes outcomes (1,2).However, not everyone uses these technologies, potentially limiting broad benefit.We examined whether patient race and health literacy (HL) status are associated with technology use.We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of adults (age $18 years) with type 2 diabetes from a federally qualified health center in Nashville, TN.Research assistants worked with clinic personnel to recruit eligible patients arriving for appointments.Research assistants conducted in-person interviews to collect self-reported information on demographics and technology access and use (Table 1), administered the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (3), and reviewed medical charts.All participants received a point-of-care (POC) A1C test on the day of participation (4).Only 38% had a chartreviewed A1C that same day (with POC, r 5 0.87, P , 0.001), requiring use of POC.We used SAS version 9.3 to limit the analysis to non-Hispanic white (NHW) and African American/black (AA/black) participants, and conducted