tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outcome of breech delivery at term.
Authors: R. Cleary
Journal: BMJ (1992)

carotid stenosis of greater than 70% requiring endarterectomy.Of these 13 patients, 1-66 would have a stroke in the next three years, compared with 2-86 if no operations were performed-an annual saving of 1-2 strokes.Though such treatment is of paramount im- portance to those patients spared a stroke, in relative terms the need for high quality acute care and subsequent rehabilitation remains of prime importance to the 249 other patients who will continue to suffer strokes each year.
An Examination of Conscience
Authors: Munsey S. Wheby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

On Being a Doctor19 March 2002An Examination of ConscienceMunsey S. Wheby, MDMunsey S. Wheby, MDUniversity of Virginia School of Medicine; Charlottesville, VA 22908Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-6-200203190-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In the recent past, I had two febrile illnesses. The first was pneumonia. The second, despite immunization, was influenza.During each of these illnesses, I had high fevers, shaking chills, and toxic delirium. And during the lucid moments of my first illness, my mind always seemed to return to my file of patients. Faces flew by. In sharpest focus were those who had died: effervescent, humorous Jean who made us laugh even as she was failing with chronic leukemia; gracious, courtly Franklin, who enthralled me with stories of his life and whose advancing infirmity prompted me to make housecalls, the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia School of Medicine; Charlottesville, VA 22908Corresponding Author: Munsey S. Wheby, MD, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Dean's Office, Box 800793, Charlottesville, VA 22908; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 March 2002Volume 136, Issue 6Page: 486-487KeywordsEmotionsFeversHemolytic anemiaHodgkin lymphomaIntensive care unitsMemoryMyalgiaPneumoniaStable coronary artery diseaseThymectomy ePublished: 19 March 2002 Issue Published: 19 March 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Alarming Nonfatal Overdose Rates Found for Opioids, Sedatives, and Tranquilizers
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inactivation and Stabilization of β-Catenin Induce Nephron Differentiation in Isolated Mouse and Rat Kidney Mesenchymes
Authors: Satu Kuure, Anna Popsueva, Madis Jakobson, Kirsi Sainio, Hannu Sariola
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

Wnt proteins are required for induction of nephrons in mouse metanephric kidneys, but the downstream pathways that mediate tubule induction and epithelial differentiation have remained obscure. The intracellular mechanisms by which Wnt signaling mediates nephron induction in embryonic kidney mesenchymes were studied. First is shown that transient exposure of isolated kidney mesenchymes to structurally different glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibitors lithium or 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime results in abundant epithelial differentiation and full segregation of nephrons. Shown further by mice with genetically disrupted ureteric bud or Wolffian duct development is that this nephrogenic competence arises independent of the influence of Wolffian duct–derived epithelia. Analysis of the intracellular signaling cascades downstream of GSK3 inhibition revealed stabilization of β-catenin and upregulation of Lef1 and Tcf1, both events that are associated with the active canonical Wnt signaling. Last, genetic evidence that metanephric mesenchyme–specific stabilization of β-catenin is sufficient to induce nephron differentiation in isolated kidney mesenchymes, similar to that induced by GSK3 inhibitors, is provided. These data show that activation of canonical Wnt pathway is sufficient to induce nephrogenesis and suggest that this pathway mediates the nephron induction in murine kidney mesenchymes.
DEFECTS IN TEST TUBES AS A CAUSE OF ANOMALOUS REACTIONS
Authors: M. W. Lyon
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Most workers in serology or allied subjects in which tests are made in glass tubes and set aside for several hours for reactions to occur have probably obtained results at variance with expectations or, if the tests were done in duplicate, results showing marked disagreement. I refer to such experiences as these: In a set of colloidal gold tubes all showing no change, one shows a change of 5. In washing erythrocytes in duplicate tubes, the longer the washing the more hemolysis appears in one tube, while the cells in the other tube wash clean. In a set of Wassermann tests done with several antigens, a serum showing a negative test with a cholesterolized antigen showed a four plus reaction with a plain extract antigen. The tubes in all these instances had been cleaned with the standard sulphuric acid and sodium bichromate mixture over night, and rinsed with running tap
IgE‐based immunotherapy of cancer: challenges and chances
Authors: J. Singer, E. Jensen‐Jarolim
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies is an indispensable cornerstone of clinical oncology. Notably, all FDA-approved antibodies comprise the IgG class, although numerous research articles proposed monoclonal antibodies of the IgM, IgG, IgA and IgE classes directed specifically against tumor-associated antigens. In particular, for the IgE isotype class, several recent studies could demonstrate high tumoricidic efficacy. Therefore, this review specifically highlights the latest developments toward IgE-based immunotherapy of cancer. Possible mechanisms and safety aspects of IgE-mediated tumor cell death are discussed with special focus on the attracted immune cells. An outlook is given on how especially comparative oncology could contribute to further developments. Humans and dogs have a highly comparable IgE biology, suggesting that translational AllergoOncology studies in patients with canine cancer could have predictive value for the potential of IgE-based anticancer immunotherapy in human clinical oncology.
Combined thromboxane A2synthase inhibition and prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonism limits myocardial infarct size after mechanical coronary occlusion and reperfusion at doses enhancing coronary thrombolysis by streptokinase
Authors: Godelieve Vandeplassche, Carlo Hermans, Yves Somers, Frans Van de Werf, Fred de Clerck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Effect of Influenza Vaccination of Children on Infection Rates in Hutterite Communities
Authors: Mark Loeb, Margaret L. Russell, Lorraine Moss, Kevin Fonseca, Julie Fox, David J. D. Earn, Fred Aoki, Gregory Horsman, Paul Van Caeseele, Khami Chokani, Mark Vooght, Lorne Babiuk, Richard Webby, Stephen D. Walter
Journal: JAMA (2010)

2][3][4] During pandemics, the burden of influenza illness increases substantially. 5Current vaccine policy focuses on immunizing those at high risk of complications of influenza. 6As a component of a broader policy to prevent the spread of influenza and reduce its complications, using immunization to interrupt communitywide transmission of influenza may be effective for protecting the entire population, including those at high risk. 7hildren and adolescents appear to play an important role in the transmission of influenza. 8-102][13][14][15][16][17][18] Nonrandomized designs, unblinded studies, or lack of laboratory confirmation of influenza limit the ability to draw conclusions, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] particularly the potential for inactivated in-fluenza vaccine to achieve a herd effect.A systematic review concluded that although evidence exists that vaccinat-
Overexpression of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 GTPases Is Associated with Progression in Testicular Cancer
Authors: Takao Kamai, Tomonori Yamanishi, Hiromichi Shirataki, Kentaro Takagi, Hidekazu Asami, Yuji Ito, Ken-Ichiro Yoshida
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The Rho family of GTPases are involved in actin cytoskeleton organization and associated with carcinogenesis and progression of human cancers. We investigated the roles of Rho family GTPases, prototypes RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42, and the major downstream targets of RhoA, ROCK-I, and ROCK-II in testicular cancer. We quantified protein expression in paired tumor and nontumor samples from surgical specimens from 57 consecutive patients with testicular germ cell tumors using Western blotting. Protein expression of RhoA, ROCK-I, ROCK-II, Rac1, and Cdc42 was significantly higher in tumor tissue than in nontumor tissue (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Expression of protein for RhoA, ROCK-I, ROCK-II, Rac1, and Cdc42 was greater in tumors of higher stages than lower stages (P &amp;lt; 0.0001, P &amp;lt; 0.001, P &amp;lt; 0.001, P &amp;lt; 0.0001, P &amp;lt; 0.0001, respectively). Within stage II nonseminoma (31 patients), protein levels of RhoA, ROCK-I, ROCK-II, Rac1, and Cdc42 in the primary tumor were lower in the group of 24 patients with no evidence of disease after therapy compared with 7 patients with disease that was refractory/recurrent (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Rho family GTPases may be involved in the progression of testicular germ cell tumors.
The Great American Fraud.
Authors: E. M. Highfield
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Edmore, Mich., May 14, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Regarding your comment on Dr. Miller's letter inThe Journal, May 11, 1907, page 1617, couldn't Drs. Bye and Coffee be prosecuted for receiving money under false pretenses? Surely such a charge could be made from such cases as Dr. Miller reports. Or if that is not feasible, perhaps the postoffice authorities would take action if such frauds were brought to their notice. It seems inhuman that such vampires are allowed to feed on the poor and ignorant for want of some one to start a case against them.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch regulates expression of transcription factor Foxp3 and airway inflammation by enhancing the function of transcription factor TIEG1
Authors: K Venuprasad, Haining Huang, Yousuke Harada, Chris Elly, Malayannan Subramaniam, Thomas Spelsberg, Jin Su, Yun-Cai Liu
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
Effect of small doses of deoxycholic acid on bile cholesterol saturation in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Authors: P Di Donato, F Carubbi, M Ponz de Leon, N Carulli
Journal: Gut (1986)

To test the hypothesis that the detergent power of each individual bile acid--that is, its separate capacity to solubilize cholesterol and to induce biliary cholesterol secretion, present in the biliary bile acid mixture might be one of the determinant factors of biliary cholesterol saturation, we studied the effect of feeding small doses of deoxycholic acid on biliary cholesterol saturation in patients with liver cirrhosis and low deoxycholic acid pool. Eleven hospitalised patients with cirrhosis of various degree of severity were put on a standard solid diet. Fasting bile rich duodenal fluid was obtained at the beginning of the study, after a three to four weeks treatment with deoxycholic acid (3 mg/kg/day, in two doses) and one month after discontinuing bile acid ingestion. Before treatment the fraction of deoxycholic acid was 5.3 +/- 4.9% (mean +/- SD); after treatment the fraction rose to 43.9 +/- 12.0 of total bile acids, but returned to the basal values after stopping bile acids. Bile cholesterol saturation increased significantly from a mean of 0.92 +/- 0.26 (before treatment) to a mean of 1.34 +/- 0.34 after deoxycholic acid feeding (p less than 0.005). One month after treatment, bile saturation was not significantly different from the basal values (0.91 +/- 0.44). We conclude that feeding low doses of deoxycholic acid to patients with liver cirrhosis induces a significant increase of the fraction of this bile acid in the total pool and this is followed by a sharp increase of bile cholesterol saturation. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that the detergent capacity of individual bile acids is one of the main determinants of bile cholesterol saturation.
Ectopic pregnancy. A study of 300 consecutive surgically treated cases
Authors: P. F. Brenner
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Three hundred consecutive women with the surgical and histological diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy were studied to evaluate the etiological factors associated with this problem. Seventy-seven women had a history of surgical evidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID); 46 had a history of abdominal pelvic surgery; 32 had a history of both PID and surgery. Forty-three women had used an intrauterine device (IUD), and 32 had a device in utero at the time of the ectopic pregnancy. However, no definite relationship between use of the IUD and ectopic pregnancy could be established. A pregnancy test was positive in 207 of the 251 women on whom it was performed. Culdocentesis, performed on all patients, yielded nonclotting blood in 285 patients. Hematocrit value, measured on the culdocentesis specimen, was greater than 15% in 278 of the 285 women. (<i>JAMA</i>243:673-676, 1980)
579 THE PRESENCE OF DIABETES REDUCES SVR AFTER ANTIVIRAL THERAPY FOR POST-TRANSPLANT HCV RECURRENCE
Authors: V. Vero, M. Senzolo, L. Pasulo, F.R. Ponziani, R. Viganò, M. Marino, M.F. Donato, M. Rendina, P. Toniutto, M. Cescon, E. De Martin, L. Miglioresi, V. Giannelli, D. Di Paolo, S. Fagiuoli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Abstract 2684: Imaging lung colony formation by osteosarcoma cells expressing αv integrin-GFP in nude mice
Authors: Yasunori Tome, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Shuya Yano, Masashi Momiyama, Hiroki Maehara, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Katsuro Tomita, Fuminori Kanaya, Michael Bouvet, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We report here imaging the behavior of αv integrin linked to GFP in osteosarcoma cells which are colonizing the lung of nude mice. 143B osteosarcoma cells expressing αv integrin-GFP were generated by transfection of an αv integrin-GFP vector. Confocal microscopy with the FV1000 (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan) demonstrated that αv integrin immunofluorescence staining colocalized with αv integrin-GFP fluorescence. To generate pulmonary colonies, osteosarcoma cells, stably expressing αv integrin-GFP, were injected intravenously (1×106) via the tail vein of nude mice. Eight weeks after injection, both lungs were harvested and observed by confocal microscopy within 1 hour after harvesting. Scattered-expression of αv integrin-GFP was observed in the pulmonary osteosarcoma colonies. In contrast, osteosarcoma cells strongly expressed αv integrin-GFP when aligned along the edge of colonies and around blood vessels. Expression of αv integrin-GFP can be imaged in lung metastasis which will allow further understanding of its role in this process. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2684. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2684
Connexin 30 expression inhibits growth of human malignant gliomas but protects them against radiation therapy
Authors: Maria Artesi, Jerome Kroonen, Markus Bredel, Minh Nguyen-Khac, Manuel Deprez, Laurent Schoysman, Christophe Poulet, Arnab Chakravarti, Hyunsoo Kim, Denise Scholtens, Tatjana Seute, Bernard Rogister, Vincent Bours, Pierre A. Robe
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastomas remain ominous tumors that almost invariably escape treatment. Connexins are a family of transmembrane, gap junction-forming proteins, some members of which were reported to act as tumor suppressors and to modulate cellular metabolism in response to cytotoxic stress. We analyzed the copy number and expression of the connexin (Cx)30 gene gap junction beta-6 (GJB6), as well as of its protein immunoreactivity in several public and proprietary repositories of glioblastomas, and their influence on patient survival. We evaluated the effect of the expression of this gap junction protein on the growth, DNA repair and energy metabolism, and treatment resistance of these tumors. The GJB6 gene was deleted in 25.8% of 751 analyzed tumors and mutated in 15.8% of 158 tumors. Cx30 immunoreactivity was absent in 28.9% of 145 tumors. Restoration of Cx30 expression in human glioblastoma cells reduced their growth in vitro and as xenografts in the striatum of immunodeficient mice. Cx30 immunoreactivity was, however, found to adversely affect survival in 2 independent retrospective cohorts of glioblastoma patients. Cx30 was found in clonogenic assays to protect glioblastoma cells against radiation-induced mortality and to decrease radiation-induced DNA damage. This radioprotection correlated with a heat shock protein 90–dependent mitochondrial translocation of Cx30 following radiation and an improved ATP production following this genotoxic stress. These results underline the complex relationship between potential tumor suppressors and treatment resistance in glioblastomas and single out GJB6/Cx30 as a potential biomarker and target for therapeutic intervention in these tumors.
Phase III Randomized Comparison of Gemcitabine Versus Gemcitabine Plus Capecitabine in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: David Cunningham, Ian Chau, Deborah D. Stocken, Juan W. Valle, David Smith, William Steward, Peter G. Harper, Janet Dunn, Catrin Tudur-Smith, Julia West, Stephen Falk, Adrian Crellin, Fawzi Adab, Joyce Thompson, Pauline Leonard, Joe Ostrowski, Martin Eatock, Werner Scheithauer, Richard Herrmann, John P. Neoptolemos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Both gemcitabine (GEM) and fluoropyrimidines are valuable treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer. This open-label study was designed to compare the overall survival (OS) of patients randomly assigned to GEM alone or GEM plus capecitabine (GEM-CAP).Patients with previously untreated histologically or cytologically proven locally advanced or metastatic carcinoma of the pancreas with a performance status <or= 2 were recruited. Patients were randomly assigned to GEM or GEM-CAP. The primary outcome measure was survival. Meta-analysis of published studies was also conducted.Between May 2002 and January 2005, 533 patients were randomly assigned to GEM (n = 266) and GEM-CAP (n = 267) arms. GEM-CAP significantly improved objective response rate (19.1% v 12.4%; P = .034) and progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.93; P = .004) and was associated with a trend toward improved OS (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.02; P = .08) compared with GEM alone. This trend for OS benefit for GEM-CAP was consistent across different prognostic subgroups according to baseline stratification factors (stage and performance status) and remained after adjusting for these stratification factors (P = .077). Moreover, the meta-analysis of two additional studies involving 935 patients showed a significant survival benefit in favor of GEM-CAP (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.98; P = .02) with no intertrial heterogeneity.On the basis of our trial and the meta-analysis, GEM-CAP should be considered as one of the standard first-line options in locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Changes in the Prevalence of Major Depression and Comorbid Substance Use Disorders in the United States Between 1991–1992 and 2001–2002
Authors: Wilson M. Compton, Kevin P. Conway, Frederick S. Stinson, Bridget F. Grant
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The authors examined changes in the prevalence of major depression in the United States between 1991–1992 and 2001–2002 and sought to determine whether changes in depression rates were associated with changes in rates of comorbid substance use disorder. Method: Data were drawn from two large (Ns exceeding 42,000) cross-sectional surveys of representative samples of the U.S. population conducted 10 years apart. Both surveys used face-to-face interviews, the same diagnostic criteria, and consistent assessment instruments. Rates of past-year major depressive episode in the total samples and among subjects with and without co-occurring substance use disorders in major demographic groups were compared. Results: From 1991–1992 to 2001–2002, the prevalence of major depression among U.S. adults increased from 3.33% to 7.06%. Increases were statistically significant for whites, blacks, and Hispanics and for all age groups. For Hispanic men overall and Hispanic women 18–29 years of age, rates increased but not significantly. The hypothesis that increases in the rates of depression could be explained by concomitant increases in co-occurring substance use disorders was supported only for black men 18–29 years of age. Conclusions: Rates of major depression rose markedly over the past decade in the United States, and increases were noted for most sociodemographic subgroups of the population. If the prevalence continues to increase at the rate it did during the past decade, the demand for services will increase dramatically in the coming years.
Re: Jodi A. Antonelli, Naim M. Maalouf, Margaret S. Pearle, Yair Lotan. Use of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to Calculate the Impact of Obesity and Diabetes on Cost and Prevalence of Urolithiasis in 2030. Eur Urol 2014;66:724–9
Authors: Miguel Angel Arrabal-Polo, María del Carmen Cano-García, Miguel Arrabal-Martin
Journal: European Urology (2014)