tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HYSTERIA IN CHILDREN.
Authors: D'ORSAY HECHT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Among the most toilsome efforts expended in the service of neurology have been those directed at a finer appreciation and better understanding of that most protean of all disorders, hysteria. As it happens in the adult, it requires no introduction; of its occurrence in the child, I believe enough has not been said. The preponderance of ardent study has applied to the intellectual and moral side of the young, with the attention especially riveted on an increasingly large number of irritable, unstable, capricious, precocious, eccentric neurotic children, whose minor mental abnormalities have always been a matter of deep concern alike to parents, educators and physicians. Perhaps the zeal and energy consumed in understanding these, together with backward and degenerate types, has somewhat retarded the interest in hysterical phenomena; be that as it may, writers in general certainly have not given the subject of juvenile hysteria the illuminating presentment it deserves.
TRAIL but not FasL and TNFα, regulates IL-33 expression in murine hepatocytes during acute hepatitis
Authors: Muhammad Imran Arshad, Claire Piquet-Pellorce, Annie L'Helgoualc'h, Michel Rauch, Solène Patrat-Delon, Frédéric Ezan, Catherine Lucas-Clerc, Sabrina Nabti, Agnès Lehuen, Francisco Javier Cubero, Jean-Philippe Girard, Christian Trautwein, Michel Samson
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Interleukin (IL)-33, a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, positively correlates with acute hepatitis and chronic liver failure in mice and humans. IL-33 is expressed in hepatocytes and is regulated by natural killer T (NKT) cells during concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver injury. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of IL-33 during acute hepatitis. The expression of IL-33 and its regulation by death receptor pathways was investigated after the induction of ConA-acute hepatitis in wildtype (WT), perforin−/−, tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)−/−, and NKT cell-deficient (CD1d−/−) mice. In addition, we used a model of acute liver injury by administering Jo2/Fas-antibody or D-galactosamine-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in WT mice. Finally, the effect of TRAIL on IL-33 expression was assessed in primary cultured murine hepatocytes. We show that IL-33 expression in hepatocytes is partially controlled by perforin during acute liver injury, but not by TNFα or Fas ligand (FasL). Interestingly, the expression of IL-33 in hepatocytes is blocked during ConA-acute hepatitis in TRAIL-deficient mice compared to WT mice. In contrast, administration of recombinant murine TRAIL associated with ConA-priming in CD1d-deficient mice or in vitro stimulation of murine hepatocytes by TRAIL but not by TNFα or Jo2 induced IL-33 expression in hepatocytes. The IL-33-deficient mice exhibited more severe ConA liver injury than WT controls, suggesting a protective effect of IL-33 in ConA-hepatitis. Conclusion: The expression of IL-33 during acute hepatitis is dependent on TRAIL, but not on FasL or TNFα. (HEPATOLOGY 2012)
The prevalence of food allergy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Roberto J. Rona, Thomas Keil, Colin Summers, David Gislason, Laurian Zuidmeer, Eva Sodergren, Sigurveig T. Sigurdardottir, Titia Lindner, Klaus Goldhahn, Jorgen Dahlstrom, Doreen McBride, Charlotte Madsen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Consumer Quality Index Chronic Skin Disease (CQI-CSD): a new instrument to measure quality of care from the patient's perspective
Authors: O.D. van Cranenburgh, M.W. Krol, M.C.P. Hendriks, M.A. de Rie, E.M.A. Smets, J. de Korte, M.A.G. Sprangers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Consumer Quality Index Chronic Skin Disease (CQI‐CSD): a new instrument to measure quality of care from the patient's perspective Get access O.D. van Cranenburgh, O.D. van Cranenburgh Department of Dermatology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the NetherlandsDutch Skin Foundation Utrecht the Netherlands Correspondence Oda D. van Cranenburgh. E‐mail: o.d.vancranenburgh@amc.uva.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.W. Krol, M.W. Krol NIVEL (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research) Utrecht the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.C.P. Hendriks, M.C.P. Hendriks NIVEL (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research) Utrecht the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A. de Rie, M.A. de Rie Department of Dermatology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the NetherlandsVU Medical Center Department of Dermatology Amsterdam the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.M.A. Smets, E.M.A. Smets Department of Medical Psychology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. de Korte, J. de Korte Department of Dermatology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the NetherlandsDutch Skin Foundation Utrecht the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A.G. Sprangers M.A.G. Sprangers Department of Medical Psychology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Meibergdreef 9 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 4, 1 October 2015, Pages 1032–1040, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13957 Published: 01 October 2015
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 SUMOylation Antagonizes Shear Stress–Induced Antiinflammatory Response and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Chang-Hoon Woo, Tetsuro Shishido, Carolyn McClain, Jae Hyang Lim, Jian-Dong Li, Jay Yang, Chen Yan, Jun-ichi Abe
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Shear stress-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)5 activation and the consequent regulation of Kruppel-like factor 2 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression represents one of the antiinflammatory and vascular tone regulatory mechanisms maintaining normal endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction is a major initiator of atherosclerosis, a vascular pathology often associated with diabetes. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) covalently attaches to certain residues of specific target transcription factors and could inhibit its activity. We investigated whether H(2)O(2) and AGE (advanced glycation end products), 2 well-known mediators of diabetes, negatively regulated ERK5 transcriptional activity and laminar flow-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression through ERK5 SUMOylation. H(2)O(2) and AGE induced endogenous ERK5 SUMOylation. In addition, ERK5 SUMOylation was increased in the aortas from diabetic mice. ERK5 transcriptional activity, but not kinase activity, was inhibited by expression of Ubc9 (SUMO E2 conjugase) or PIAS1 (E3 ligase), suggesting the involvement of ERK5 SUMOylation on its transcriptional activity. Point-mutation analyses showed that ERK5 is covalently modified by SUMO at 2 conserved sites, Lys6 and Lys22, and that the SUMOylation defective mutant of ERK5, dominant negative form of Ubc9 (DN-Ubc9), and small interfering RNA PIAS1 reversed H(2)O(2) and AGE-mediated reduction of shear stress-mediated ERK5/myocyte enhancer factor 2 transcriptional activity, as well as promoter activity of Kruppel-like factor 2. Finally, PIAS1 knockdown reversed the inhibitory effect of H(2)O(2) in shear stress-induced Kruppel-like factor 2 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. These data clearly defined SUMOylation-dependent ERK5 transcriptional repression independent of kinase activity and suggested this process as among the molecular mechanisms of diabetes-mediated endothelial dysfunction.
Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O
Authors: François Simon, Philippe Mauclère, Pierre Roques, Ibtissam Loussert-Ajaka, Michaela C. Müller-Trutwin, Sentob Saragosti, Marie Claude Georges-Courbot, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Françoise Brun-Vézinet
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Preliminary studies on the toxicity and metabolism of palladium and platinum.
Authors: W Moore, D Hysell, L Hall, K Campbell, J Stara
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Preliminary data are given on the LD50 of PdCl2 following different routes of exposure and on the LD50 of PtCl4 following intravenous exposure. The retention, tissue distribution, and excretion of 103Pd and 191Pt in rats was determined following oral, intravenous, intratracheal, and inhalation exposure. The highest retention for both 103Pd and 191Pt was obtained following intravenous dosing, and the lowest retention occurred after oral dosing. Following a single oral dose, almost all of the 103Pd and 191Pt was excreted in the feces due to nonabsorption, whereas after intravenous dosing, similar quantities were excreted in both the urine and feces. Tissues containing the highest concentrations of these metals were the kidney, spleen and liver. Following intravenous dosing of pregnant rats, a small amount of 103Pd and 191Pt was found in the fetuses.
Serial long-term assessment of the natural history of asymptomatic patients with chronic aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular systolic function.
Authors: R O Bonow, E Lakatos, B J Maron, S E Epstein
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Many asymptomatic patients with aorta regurgitation and normal left ventricular systolic function remain clinically stable for many years, but others ultimately develop symptoms or left ventricular dysfunction and require operation. To identify indexes of left ventricular function predictive of symptomatic and functional deterioration during the long-term course of asymptomatic patients, we studied 104 asymptomatic patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular ejection fraction at rest.Serial echocardiographic (average, 7.8 per patient) and radionuclide angiographic (average, 5.0 per patient) studies were obtained over a mean follow-up period of 8 years (range, 2-16 years). By Kaplan-Meier life table analysis, 58 +/- 9% of patients remained asymptomatic with normal ejection fraction at 11 years, an average attrition rate of less than 5% per year; two patients died suddenly, four developed asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, and 19 underwent operation because symptoms developed. By univariate Cox regression analysis, many variables on initial study were associated with death, ventricular dysfunction, or symptoms, including age, left ventricular end-systolic dimension and end-diastolic dimension, fractional shortening, and both rest and exercise ejection fraction (all p less than 0.001). The average rates of change of rest ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and end-systolic dimension were also associated with death or symptoms by univariate Cox analysis (all p less than 0.01). However, when all variables were included in a multivariate Cox analysis, only age (p less than 0.05), initial end-systolic dimension (p less than 0.001), and rate of change in end-systolic dimension and rest ejection fraction during serial studies (both p less than 0.05) predicted outcome.Thus, in addition to indexes of left ventricular function determined on initial evaluation, serial long-term changes in systolic function identify patients likely to develop symptoms and require operation. Patients have a higher risk of symptomatic deterioration if there is progressive change in end-systolic dimension or resting ejection fraction during the course of serial studies.
NIH announces new strategy for research
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced a major strategy last week for enabling government funded medical research to meet modern challenges by making greater use of molecular biology and developing research teams that cross traditional boundaries.

Announcing what has become known as the NIH Roadmap, the director of the NIH, Elias Zirhouni, said: “As the 21st century unfolds, discovery in the life sciences is accelerating at an unprecedented rate. As science grows more complex, it is also converging on a set …
The Sound and the Fury: Financial Conflicts of Interest in Oncology
Authors: Benjamin Djulbegovic, Cara Angelotta, Kjersti E. Knox, Charles L. Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Benjamin Djulbegovic, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute and the Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL Cara Angelotta and Kjersti E. Knox, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL Charles L. Bennett, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University University Feinberg School of Medicine; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and the Veterans Affairs Center for Management of Complex Chronic Care, Chicago, IL
Characteristics of Volume Reabsorption in Rabbit Superficial and Juxtamedullary Proximal Convoluted Tubules
Authors: Harry R. Jacobson, Howard L. Baer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Segments of superficial and juxtamedullary proximal convoluted tubules of the rabbit were perfused in vitro to examine the mechanisms responsible for net volume reabsorption. The very early postglomerular segments were not studied. Fluid reabsorptive rates and transepithelial potential differences were compared under various conditions: (a) with perfusate that simulated glomerular filtrate; (b) with perfusate that lacked glucose, amino acids, and acetate and that had HCO(3) and Cl concentrations of 5 and 140 mM, respectively; (c) with perfusate that lacked glucose, amino acids, and acetate but with 20 meq of NaHCO(3) replaced with 20 meq of Na cyclamate; (d) with the same perfusate as in b but in the presence of ouabain in the bath; (e) with ultrafiltrate of rabbit serum titrated with HCl to final HCO(3) and Cl concentrations of 2 and 134 mM, respectively. Tubules were perfused with this titrated ultrafiltrate at 37 degrees C, 21 degrees C, and in the presence of 0.1 mM ouabain in the bath. Bath fluid in all experiments was regular rabbit serum. Under conditions a and b superficial proximal convoluted tubule (SFPCT) and juxtamedullary proximal convoluted tubule (JMPCT) behaved similarly with the exception that SFPCT exhibited a lumen-positive and JMPCT a lumen-negative electrical potential under condition b. However, under condition c SFPCT failed to exhibit net volume reabsorption, whereas reabsorption in JMPCT continued unchanged. Ouabain did not affect volume reabsorption in SFPCT under condition d, whereas neither ouabain nor hypothermia affected SFPCT under condition e. In contrast, ouabain and hypothermia totally inhibited volume reabsorption in JMPCT under conditions d and e. These studies document heterogeneous mechanisms responsible for volume reabsorption in the major portions of SFPCT and JMPCT with passive forces predominating in SFPCT and active forces in JMPCT.
Training for the Treatment-room Sister in General Practice
Authors: J. C. Hasler, A. S. Greenland, S. M. Jacka, P. M. M. Pritchard, B. E. L. C. Reedy
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A discussion group course for treatment-room nurses was organized in the spring of 1971 by the Thames Valley Faculty of the Royal College of General Practitioners. Twenty-eight nurses took part. Some were from local authorities but most were privately employed. Questionnaires were completed by participants. The course has had several consequences, and it is felt that some form of specific training for this branch of nursing should be established.
Quantification of cell loss during bronchoalveolar lavage fluid processing. Effects of fixation and staining methods.
Authors: H Moumouni, P Garaud, P Diot, E Lemarie, P Anthonioz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Discrepancies have been reported in differential cell counts according to the diverse processing methods used in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid management. The differences have proved to be mainly the result of selective lymphocyte loss, while the exact mechanisms of the phenomenon remain controversial. Observing a similar variation in differentials from differently stained identical smears, we quantified the cell loss due to staining procedures from 45 consecutive satisfactory BAL procedures. To do this, we compared relative lymphocyte recovery on neat pooled lavage in a hemocytometer with that from smears and cytopreps fixed and stained in different ways. We found (1) A significant lymphocyte loss (p < 0.05) whatever the staining method. (2) Different methods of fixation and staining lead to considerable variation in differentials from slides otherwise identically managed. The loss is higher during air-drying fixation followed by staining with an aqueous medium such as Diff-Quik than on spray-fixed slides stained in an alcohol medium such as Papanicolaou stain. (3) The effect of lymphocyte loss on differentials is more important when the initial lymphocytosis is less than 35%, and decreases to nonsignificance when it exceeds 70%. The role of cytocentrifugation or other manipulations in cell loss probably has been overestimated because unknown effects of staining methods were also attributed to these manipulations. We suggest that lymphocyte loss could arise from poor adherence on slides, which is exacerbated during aqueous staining if no artifice (e.g., spray fixation), is used to hold them. Thus, the definition of the long-awaited standard procedure for an accurate differential count of BAL fluid must take into account fixation and staining methods.
Calcitonin stimulates bone formation when administered prior to initiation of osteogenesis.
Authors: R E Weiss, F R Singer, A H Gorn, D P Hofer, M E Nimni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The influence of calcitonin (CT) on various stages of bone formation was investigated. A demineralized collagenous bone matrix-induced bone forming system in rats was used to temporally segregate chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Administration of CT (15 Medical Research Council Units [MRCU]) daily) at the initiation of matrix-induced bone formation (BF) resulted in a 76% stimulation of BF as measured by 45Ca incorporation and alkaline phosphatase activity. This increase was due, in part, to a stimulation of cartilage and bone precursor cell proliferation monitored by the rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation and ornithine decarboxylase activity. Chondrogenesis on day 7 as measured by 35SO4 incorporation was increased by 52% with CT treatment. To rule out the possibility of a secondary response due to parathyroid hormone, similar studies were done in parathyroidectomized animals and CT stimulation of BF was still observed. However, when CT injections were started after cartilage formation (day 8) there was no stimulation of BF but a significant decrease in 45Ca incorporation was observed. These results indicate CT has two actions: (a) when CT is administered during the initial phases of bone formation, it increases BF due to a stimulation of proliferation of cartilage and bone precursor cells; and (b) when CT is administered after bone formation has been initiated, subsequent bone formation is suppressed.
Textbook of Dermatology
Authors: William A. Caro
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The second edition of this major dermatologic text appears four years following original publication, and the three editors have been joined by 25 contributors to produce a work that has 200 more pages of text and 100 more black and white illustrations than the original edition. Because of a slightly thinner paper stock, however, the bulk of the new edition is somewhat reduced, but the high standard of workmanship and excellent quality of the photographs remain undiminished. The text follows a conventional format beginning with basic information including excellent discussions of histopathologic changes, techniques of diagnosis, and special studies including a new section on immunofluorescence. A systematic presentation of dermatologic disorders follows, and, where indicated, these sections are preceded by appropriate basic science material. A topographic approach considers areas as hair, nails, mouth, and eyes, and these chapters correlate well with the systematic presentations preceding them. One hundred pages are
Positivity of patch tests in cutaneous reaction to aminocaproic acid: two case reports
Authors: M. L. González Gutiérrez, M. I. Esteban López, M. D. Ruíz Ruíz
Journal: Allergy (1995)

We observed two cases of maculopapular eruption occurring 12–72 h after the administration of aminocaproic acid (ACA). Patch tests performed with ACA were positive. Clinical and allergologic patterns suggest the type IV mechanism of hypersensitivity. We present what we believe are the first two cases described of hypersensitivity to this drug.
Age discrimination denies elderly people a “dignified death”
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Elderly people are being denied a dignified death because of age discrimination, finds a new report from the UK charity Help the Aged and Sheffield University. Only 8.5% of people aged over 85 who die from cancer do so in a hospice, compared with 20% of all people with cancer, says the report. Urgent action is needed to address inequality in care at the end of life for elderly people and provide access to high quality palliative care, it says, and it calls for more specialists in palliative care.
Multimorbidity and the inverse care law in primary care
Authors: S. W. Mercer, B. Guthrie, J. Furler, G. C. M. Watt, J. T. Hart
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Inequalities set to rise as criteria for funding change in the UK 

Multimorbidity, usually defined as the coexistence of two or more long term conditions within an individual, is rapidly becoming the norm among people with chronic disease. Although often seen as a problem of elderly people, it affects large numbers of younger people too. Multimorbidity is not simply a problem of chronological ageing, but neither is it randomly distributed.1 In a recent Scottish study of almost 1.8 million people, more people with multimorbidity were aged below 65 years than above,2 and similar findings have been reported outside the United Kingdom.3 The level of deprivation influences not just the amount but also the type of multimorbidity that people experience. Multimorbidity is more common and occurs 10-15 years earlier in the most deprived areas than in the most affluent ones.2 4 A greater mix of mental and physical problems …