tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE RÔLE OF PSYCHIATRY IN THE WORLD TODAY
Authors: WILLIAM C. MENNINGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1947)

We all look with pride on the phenomenal victories of preventive medicine. No longer is the world cursed with smallpox or cholera or yellow fever or typhoid. World epidemics of these diseases are no more. Is there any hope that medicine, through its Cinderella, psychiatry, can step forward to offer its therapeutic effort to a world so full of unhappiness and maladjustment and varying degrees of social disintegration? Can our intensive study of the individual lead us to a better understanding of his environment, of the social forces that affect his life? And can this understanding, if made available to the right leaders be helpful in alleviating these social ills? Perhaps some psychiatrists might answer this in the negative. My own strong conviction is that psychiatry can help. Some of my confrères who will answer in the negative may do so because of a misconception that this program may be an attempt to over-sell psychiatry. My contention has always been that one cannot over-sell the value of a tested product except in terms of ability to deliver. In outlining this program I have had no intention of selling psychiatry except to ourselves. I feel strongly that we are not now in a position even to deliver much of the available information that we might assemble. It has been my intention to direct our thought to a wider horizon and to urge acceptance of our responsibility for contributing what understanding and therapy we can for the problems of unhappiness and maladjustment that exist in the world today. To do this we must greatly increase our trained personnel. We must extend our frontiers of knowledge. We need to crystallize our goals. Our organization should require that groups of us survey specific problems, collect data about these, apply our knowledge to them, and produce a program of action. We need to develop more medical statesmanship, so that our findings and recommendations can be presented to leaders in high councils in many fields of activity. Can we and should we undertake this? We can no longer evade a decision on the matter.
Nuclear Receptor Corepressor SMRT Regulates Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism and Mediates Aging-Related Metabolic Deterioration
Authors: Shannon M. Reilly, Prerna Bhargava, Sihao Liu, Matthew R. Gangl, Cem Gorgun, Russell R. Nofsinger, Ronald M. Evans, Lu Qi, Frank B. Hu, Chih-Hao Lee
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Diuretics Are Color Blind
Authors: James D. Neaton, Lewis H. Kuller
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INTESTINAL INFESTATION WITH MAGGOTS OF THE "CHEESE FLY" (PIOPHILA CASEI)
Authors: L. E. Peckenschneider
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Riley and Johannsen 1 state in their Handbook of Medical Entomology that a multitude of cases of parasitism of dipterous larvae are on record. However, inThe Journal, we were able to find only one case of this kind reported in the last 25 years. 2 Descriptions and illustrations of myiasis-producing larvae are very scanty in laboratory handbooks. We report herein a case of human intestinal infestation with larvae of Piophila casei, the first one observed in our clinic.  REPORT OF A CASE  F. R. R., a 44-year-old contractor who had modern sanitary facilities in his home, was admitted to the hospital on July 30. 1951, with complaints of bowel disturbance. In 1944 he had attacks of severe pain in the abdomen, radiating to the back and downward to the left thigh. At this time he had noticed blood and mucus as well as small white worms in the stool.
Step Test Equipment
Authors: E. F. SCHMERL
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> This is in reference to Dr. Fred V. Hein's "Answer" on the subject of step test equipment (<b>204</b>:1201, 1968). Before any physician ventures to build the "step test stool" with four different heights, as recommended by the Committee on Exercise and Physical Fitness, please publish these much more compact and practical versions of step test equipment.
Mutations in NS5A region of hepatitis C virus genome correlate with presence of NS5A antibodies and response to interferon therapy for most common european hepatitis C virus genotypes
Authors: Lionel Frangeul, Pascale Cresta, Michele Perrin, Françoise Lunel, Pierre Opolon, Henri Agut, Jean-Marie Huraux
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

A part of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) amino acid sequence, designated as an interferon (IFN)-sensitive determining region (ISDR), has been shown to be correlated with a response to IFN in Japanese patients. We have shown previously that the presence of NS5A antibodies (Abs) detected by the INNOLIA test (IL-NS5A Ab) is also correlated with a response to IFN. The aim of this study was to investigate, in a wide range of patients, the possible relationship within the NS5A protein between the sequence of ISDR and that used in the INNOLIA test designated as IL3R. Serum samples from 52 patients infected by HCV genotypes 1, 2, and 3 were analyzed before and after treatment. The patients were classified as nonresponders (NRs), responder-relapsers (RRs), or long-term responders (LTRs). We amplified the NS5A region for 42 patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and these amplicons were sequenced directly. The 10 remaining patients were analyzed using PCR with mutation-specific primers. No correlation was found between the IL3R sequence of the HCV strains and the presence of the IL-NS5A Ab for all genotypes. However, for the subtype 1b, only 2 of 11 NR patients tested had an arginin in position 2218 within the ISDR versus 3 of 3 LTR and 10 of 13 RR patients. All patients with R-2218 had IL-NS5A Ab. For the genotype 1a, 2 of 2 LTR and 1 of 3 RR were mutated in position 2216-2218 in comparison to three NR sequences. For the genotype 3, no mutations were found in the region homologous to 1b-ISDR, but 4 of 5 LTR and RR patients had a mutation T-2161 to A or V versus 0 of 3 NR patients. A close correlation was found between arginin in position 2218 in ISDR, the presence of IL-NS5A Ab, and the response to IFN therapy for genotype 1b, but this association did not predict a long-term response. For genotype 3, a potential ISD mutation could be located at the codon 2161.
Tacrine and lecithin in Alzheimer's disease: Author's reply
Authors: G Chatellier
Journal: BMJ (1990)

high scores and little room for improvement (that is, there was a ceiling effect).The section on evaluation also mentions the use of several other tests, including a letter cancellation task, a 10 word recognition task, and paired associate memory tests.The results of tests are omitted from the results section.Thus the methodology of this trial makes it impossible to draw any conclusions about the effect of tacrine, and the negative results reported are as open to doubt as the positive results in the original paper by Summers et al,< which Dr Chatellier and colleagues have attempted to replicate.
Bending the Curve Toward Increased Use of Generic Drugs
Authors: Brian K. Alldredge, Steven R. Kayser
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Risks for asthma at age 7 differ by neighborhood and socio-economic status in New York City
Authors: L.M. Acosta, R.L. Miller, I.F. Goldstein, A.G. Rundle, R.B. Mellins, A.G. Cornell, L. Hoepner, H. Andrews, S. Lopez-Pintado, J.W. Quinn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
p38γ Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Integrates Signaling Crosstalk between Ras and Estrogen Receptor to Increase Breast Cancer Invasion
Authors: Xiaomei Qi, Jun Tang, Mathew Loesch, Nicole Pohl, Serhan Alkan, Guan Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Ras is believed to stimulate invasion and growth by different effector pathways, and yet, the existence of such effectors under physiologic conditions has not been shown. Estrogen receptor (ER), on the other hand, is both anti-invasive and proliferative in human breast cancer, with mechanisms for these paradoxical actions remaining largely unknown. Our previous work showed an essential role of p38γ mitogen-activated protein kinase in Ras transformation in rat intestinal epithelial cells, and here, we show that p38γ integrates invasive antagonism between Ras and ER to increase human breast cancer invasion without affecting their proliferative activity. Ras positively regulates p38γ expression, and p38γ in turn mediates Ras nonmitogenic signaling to increase invasion. Expression of the Ras/p38γ axis, however, is trans-suppressed by ER that inhibits invasion and stimulates growth also by distinct mechanisms. Analysis of ER and its cytoplasmic localized mutant reveals that ER additionally binds to p38γ protein, leading to its specific down-regulation in the nuclear compartment. A p38γ-antagonistic activity of ER was further shown in a panel of breast cancer cell lines and was shown independent of estrogens by both ER depletion and ER expression. These results revealed that both Ras and ER use distinct pathways to regulate breast cancer growth and invasion, and that p38γ specifically integrates their antagonistic activity to stimulate cell invasion. Selective targeting of p38γ-dependent invasion pathways may be a novel strategy to control breast cancer progression. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(15): 7540-7)
Receptor-Targeted Gene Delivery Using Multivalent Phagemid Particles
Authors: David Larocca, Kristen Jensen-Pergakes, Michael A. Burg, Andrew Baird
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Although growth factor- and antibody-targeted filamentous phage have recently been demonstrated to transduce mammalian cells, there is a significant need to increase transduction efficiency so as to improve the usefulness of targeted phage vectors for gene therapy and ligand discovery. Here, we describe the use of multivalent phagemid vectors that are specifically designed for ligand-targeted mammalian cell transduction. This phagemid system has certain advantages over phage vectors, such as larger insert size and vector stability, and it retains the multivalent display necessary for efficient cell binding and internalization. Immunoblotting revealed that the most efficient multivalent display (exceeding that of a phage vector) was achieved in the phagemid system when epidermal growth factor (EGF) was fused to the C-terminal domain of the pIII coat protein. We compared phagemid particles displaying EGF at high or low valence by rescuing the vector with R408d3 (pIII deleted) or wild-type R408 helper phage, respectively. More efficient display of EGF correlated with increased internalization, vector potency, and transduction efficiency ( approximately 9%). The findings described here support our original hypothesis that phage-based vectors can be modified for more efficient gene transfer and suggest that directed evolution may be applied to increase their potential even further.
About Nursing Homes
Authors: Charles C. Edwards, Raymond L. White
Journal: JAMA (1964)

YOUR 3,000 persons in the US who passes into the 65-and-over group in a given day. Today there are more than 17.5 million persons in the US over 65 years of age, and estimates are that they will number 24.5 million by 1980. Or your patient may have a chronic conditon—arteriosclerosis, arthritis, paralysis—not necessitating hospitalization but still requiring special care. The need for prolonged personal attention with some professional supervision, the high cost of hospital facilities for such care, and the knowledge that the family cannot provide the care needed make the nursing home<sup>*</sup>a practical facility to be considered. Your patient's attitude toward nursing homes may be negative, based on a depressing picture of institutionalized old people who are relatively inactive and dependent with unpromising prognoses, and on psychological feelings, with overtones of ambivalence, resentment, and guilt. The problem of caring for aging relatives may engender such a dismal
Determinants of the recovery of right ventricular performance following experimental chronic right coronary artery occlusion.
Authors: S B Laster, T J Shelton, B Barzilai, J A Goldstein
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Patients with acute ischemic right ventricular dysfunction often develop hemodynamic compromise, yet most manifest spontaneous early clinical improvement and later recovery of global right ventricular performance. This study was designed to delineate the determinants of right ventricular performance following chronic right coronary artery occlusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Thrombotic right coronary artery occlusion was induced in 16 closed-chest dogs. Acute occlusion depressed right ventricular free wall motion (motion score, 1.0 +/- 0.0 to 3.4 +/- 0.1*) and global performance (right ventricular fractional area change, 29.2 +/- 1.8% to 2.3 +/- 1.9%*). There was right ventricular dilatation and reversed septal curvature, with elevated and equalized diastolic filling pressures. At 5 days, despite persistent severe right ventricular free wall dysfunction (motion score, 3.4 +/- 0.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.1*), global right ventricular performance improved (fractional area change, 2.3 +/- 1.9% to 17.0 +/- 3.8%*), in part due to reduced right ventricular free wall dyskinesis associated with increased right ventricular free wall end-diastolic thickness. At 7 weeks, collateral flow had restored right ventricular free wall perfusion to baseline values. The increased right ventricular free wall thickness had resolved, right ventricular free wall motion was improved (2.7 +/- 0.1 to 1.6 +/- 0.1*), and global right ventricular performance had recovered further (17.0 +/- 3.8 to 20.9 +/- 0.9). Right ventricular dilatation was reduced, septal curvature normalized, and there was resolution of equalized filling pressures. Histopathological analysis demonstrated minimal right ventricular infarction. CONCLUSIONS Acute right coronary artery occlusion results in right ventricular free wall dyskinesis and depressed global right ventricular performance. Global right ventricular function improves early, in part due to reduced right ventricular free wall dyskinesis associated with increased right ventricular free wall diastolic thickness. Collateral restoration of perfusion facilitates late recovery of right ventricular free wall function (*P &lt; .05).
114 PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF HUMAN HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR (HGF) SERUM LEVELS AND GENE EXPRESSION IN SERUM AND LIVER TISSUE IN FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE (FHF)
Authors: M. Singla, S. Singhal, S. Medhi, S. Polipalli, P. Kar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Recovery from anaesthesia
Authors: A M Cohen
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - As John N Lunn states,1 recovery room facilities in most hospitals meet the recently published requirements of the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland.2 In most hospitals, however, patients leave the recovery area to receive a variable standard of care in a surgical ward, which often contrasts sharply with that provided in the operating theatre and recovery room. This imbalance conflicts with recent evidence suggesting that adverse events occurring in the first three days postoperatively are as important as those occurring intraoperatively.3,4

Three …
Clinical observations following asbestos exposure
Authors: Arthur L. Frank
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

There is a spectrum of clinical entities following occupational exposure to asbestos. Methods of evaluation for these problems are reviewed. Nonmalignant clinical conditions include asbestos warts, asbestos bodies, parenchymal fibrosis (asbestosis), pleural fibrosis and calcification, and benign asbestotic pleural effusion. Asbestosis, though a benign process, is a significant cause of death. Malignant conditions associated with asbestos exposure include lung cancer, accounting for about 20% of all deaths among insulation workers and significantly related to cigarette smoking. The lung cancers tend to occur more frequently in the lower lobes and are more peripheral. Pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma and some excesses in gastrointestinal cancers are found with asbestos exposure, although these are not related to cigarette smoking. Increased rates of malignancy first become significant after 20 years from onset of exposure and are also related to duration of exposure. Difficulties with the use of death certificate data are reviewed.
Omeprazole as a risk factor for campylobacter gastroenteritis: case-control study
Authors: K. R Neal, H. M Scott, R. C B Slack, R. F A Logan
Journal: BMJ (1996)

quence of impaired uterine or ovarian development during the mother's own fetal life.34One observational study cannot form the basis for changing dietary recommendations to pregnant women.The differing relations of nutrient intakes in early and late pregnancy to placental and fetal growth need replication in other studies.Our findings, how- ever, do parallel those of experimental studies in sheep in which high nutrient intakes in early pregnancy have been shown to suppress placental and fetal growth.We thank the mothers who gave us their time; the staff on the antenatal clinic, labour ward, and postnatal ward for their considerable assistance in the study; Mr T Wheeler and Professor E J Thomas for their guidance and for allowing us to include their patients; and Mr D Howe for advice and for performing ultrasound scans.The fieldwork was carried out by
Points from Letters: Risk of Gold Therapy
Authors: C. F. Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Forty patients with central retinal vein occlusion were allocated at random either to a treatment group given streptokinase followed by anticoagulatns or to a control group given no specific treatment. The two groups, which were each of 20 patients, were broadly similar in respect of clinical and laboratory values and similar in their initial visual acuity. At follow-up ("final" vision) the visual acuity in the treated group was significantly better than in the untreated group. Only one treated patient developed thrombotic glaucoma compared with four controls. Streptokinase may, however, have been responsible for vitreous haemorrhage (and permanent loss of vision) in three patients and hence probably has only a limited role in the treatment of central retinal vein occlusion.
Recovery after Taking Eighty Grains of Emetic Tartar
Authors: F. Mason
Journal: BMJ (1877)

others, exactly in confirmation of Ferrier's experiments on monkeys, that from destructive lesions of parts of the cortex there occur limited palsies, as of the face, of the arm ; and as Charcot finds post mortemn wasting of fibres " descending" from the parts of the cortex destroyed, the cases must, I think, be admitted as conclusive.The most likely explanation of some of Priestley Smith's cases is, that there is a mono-
Lithium Substitution and the Distribution of Sodium in the Rat Tail Artery
Authors: SYDNEY M. FRIEDMAN
Journal: Circulation Research (1974)

The exchange of lithium (Li) with sodium (Na) was explored in an effort to quantify cellular Na in the rat tail artery. Two phases of cellular Na were demonstrated by the kinetics of exchange at 37°C. Cellular Na, was rapidly lost following cell disruption and increased in proportion to potassium (K) loss during conventional Na enrichment in a K-free medium. Cooling to 2°C almost abolished the transmembrane movement of Li; therefore, a simple 30-minute incubation in cold Li medium removed extracellular but not cellular Na. To prove that the residual Na after such a wash in cold Li was cellular, we demonstrated that Na exchanges readily with Li even at 2°C after cells are disrupted, increases slowly in proportion to K loss during prolonged cooling, and increases rapidly in a precise one-to-one ratio with K loss when active Na transport is stopped by incubation in a K-free medium. Cellular Na in the normal artery was about 20-25 mmoles/kg dry weight when cellular K was about 225 mmoles/kg dry weight. In arteries from rats with deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced hypertension of 8 weeks duration, a 13% fall in cellular K was balanced one to one by an increase in cellular Na.
Natural selection and religiosity: Validity issues in the empirical examination of afterlife cognitions
Authors: Brian M. Hughes
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Bering's target article proposes that the tendency to believe in an afterlife emerged (in evolutionary history) in response to selective pressures unique to human societies. However, the empirical evidence presented fails to account for the broader social context that impinges upon researcher–participant interactions, and so fails to displace the more parsimonious explanation that it is childhood credulity that underlies the acquisition of afterlife beliefs through cultural exposure.