tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Slight steroid‐sparing effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in children and adolescents with moderately severe bronchial asthma
Authors: T. Jakobsson, S. Croner, N.‐I. M. Kjellman, A. Pettersson, C. Vassella, B. Björkstén
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Jakobsson T, Croner S, Kjellman N‐IM, Pettersson A, Vassella C, Björkstén B. Slight steroid‐sparing effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in children and adolescents with moderately severe bronchial asthma. Twenty subjects (aged 6‐20 years) with moderately severe bronchial asthma participated in an open controlled trial with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) given as five monthly infusions with a mean dose of 0.8 g/kg body weight. A follow‐up was performed 4 and 14 months after the treatment period. Nine of 14 children in the treatment group completed the trial. Two children experienced severe headache after the first infusion, another two patients were taken off the study for reasons unrelated to the IVIG therapy, and one patient dropped out from lack of motivation. In six of the IVIG‐treated children, there was a reduction in the daily intake of inhaled steroids at an unchanged or reduced histamine reactivity. Of the remaining three children, two showed a reduction in bronchial hyperreactivity, but their steroid dose was not reduced. Six patients participated in a reference group to determine seasonal variations of symptoms. One of them improved during the study period, and the condition of the other five deteriorated, as indicated by increased medication without reduced histamine reactivity. After 14 months, there were no significant differences in clinical symptoms, nor in sensitivity to histamine between the treated patients and the controls, as the condition had improved also in the latter. We have thus been able to confirm, in a group larger than those in previously published reports, some clinical improvement of asthma by IVIG therapy at a lower dose than previously used and in children with only moderately severe disease. The effect was still present 4 months after the termination of IVIG therapy but not after 14 months. As the effects were small and temporary and the treatment is complicated and expensive, IVIG therapy cannot at present be recommended for general use. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of the effect of IVIG in asthma is needed.
CEREBRAL GLUCOSE METABOLISM AS A FUNCTION OF AGE
Authors: R. A. Hawkins, M. E. Phelps, J. C. Mazziotta, S. C. Huang, R. Carson, D. E. Kuhl, W. Riege, E. J. Metter
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Hawkins, R. A.; Phelps, M. E.; Mazziotta, J. C.; Huang, S. C.; Carson, R.; Kuhl, D. E.; Riege, W.; Metter, E. J.Author Information
Lung Radiology and Pulmonary Function of Children Chronically Exposed to Air Pollution
Authors: Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas, Antonieta Mora-Tiscareño, Lynn A. Fordham, Charles J. Chung, Gildardo Valencia-Salazar, Silvia Flores-Gómez, Anna C. Solt, Alberto Gomez-del Campo, Ricardo Jardón-Torres, Carlos Henríquez-Roldán, Milan J. Hazucha, William Reed
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

We analyzed the chest radiographs (CXRs) of 249 clinically healthy children, 230 from southwest Mexico City and 19 from Tlaxcala. In contrast to children from Tlaxcala, children from southwest Mexico City were chronically exposed to ozone levels exceeding the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards for an average of 4.7 hr/day and to concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters </= 2.5 microm (PM2.5) above the annual standard. CXRs of Mexico City children demonstrated bilateral hyperinflation (151 of 230) and increased linear markings (121 of 230) . Hyperinflation and interstitial markings were significantly more common in Mexico City children (p < 0.0002 and 0.00006 respectively) . Mexico City boys had a higher probability of developing interstitial markings with age (p = 0.004) . Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained in 25 selected Mexico City children with abnormal CXRs. Mild bronchial wall thickening was seen in 10 of 25, prominent central airways in 4 of 25, air trapping in 8 of 21, and pulmonary nodules in 2 of 21. Only 7.8% of Mexico City children had abnormal lung function tests based on predicted values. These findings are consistent with bronchiolar, peribronchiolar, and/or alveolar duct inflammation, possibly caused by ozone, PM, and lipopolysaccharide exposure. The epidemiologic implications of these findings are important for children residing in polluted environments, because bronchiolar disease could lead to chronic pulmonary disease later in life.
Canada's Supreme Court rules in favour of physician assisted suicide
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Canada’s long political battle over physician assisted suicide seems to have been settled decisively by a unanimous decision of the country’s Supreme Court, which has struck down a century old law imposing up to 14 years’ imprisonment on doctors who help patients end their lives.

From the outset of proceedings in October, the nine justices had seemed sceptical of arguments put forward by the federal government’s lawyers, who said that the criminal penalty was essential to protect vulnerable people from being pressured to kill themselves. The justices’ decision was written “by the court,” rather than an individual judge, an unusual step intended to signify strong …
Dramamine as an Adjuvant Measure in Psychogenic Vomiting
Authors: Harold Kaplan, Lore Hirsch, Hiland Flowers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

DRAMAMINE has been reported by various investigators to be efficacious in alleviating the nausea and vomiting of motion sickness1 after operative procedures,2 of aureomycin therapy,3 after electric shock,4 in radiation sickness5 and in hyperemesis gravidarum.6 Review of the literature reveals no reports on its use in psychogenic vomiting on the basis of a conversion hysteria in which no labyrinthine or other organic disease was present.Case ReportA 30-year-old unmarried man was admitted to this hospital in April, 1951, on the Neuropsychiatric Service, complaining of repeated attacks of nausea and vomiting during the previous 2 years and a weight loss . . .
Multiparameter digitized video microscopy of toxic and hypoxic injury in single cells.
Authors: J J Lemasters, G J Gores, A L Nieminen, T L Dawson, B E Wray, B Herman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

There is no clear picture of the critical events that lead to the transition from reversible to irreversible injury. Many studies have suggested that a rise in cytosolic free Ca2+ initiates plasma membrane bleb formation and a sequence of events that lead ultimately to cell death. In recent studies, we have measured changes in cytosolic free Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic pH, and cell surface blebbing in relation to the onset of irreversible injury and cell death following anoxic and toxic injury to single hepatocytes by using multiparameter digitized video microscopy (MDVM). MDVM is an emerging new technology that permits single living cells to be labeled with multiple probes whose fluorescence is responsive to specific cellular parameters of interest. Fluorescence images specific for each probe are collected over time, digitized, and stored. Image analysis and processing then permits quantitation of the spatial distribution of the various parameters with the single living cells. Our results indicate the following: The formation of plasma membrane blebs accompanies all types of injury in hepatocytes. Cell death is a rapid event initiated by rupture of a plasma membrane bleb, and it is coincident with the onset of irreversible injury. An increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ is not the stimulus for bleb formation or the final common pathway leading to cell death. A decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential precedes the loss of cell viability. Cytosolic pH falls by more than 1 pH unit during chemical hypoxia. This acidosis protects against the onset of cell death.
Initial investigation of amenorrhoea
Authors: E H Dickerson, A S Raghunath, S L Atkin
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 25 year old woman presented to her general practitioner, saying that she had not had a period for 10 months since discontinuing the combined oral contraceptive pill. She had no important gynaecological history and had never been pregnant. She had had a regular 28 day menstrual cycle before taking the contraceptive pill for two years. Her body mass index was 19.5. Although she was not currently planning a family, she was concerned about the impact on her future fertility and whether there was a serious underlying problem.

Primary amenorrhoea is the failure to start menses by the age of 16 (or absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 14); secondary amenorrhoea is the cessation of established, regular menstruation for six months or longer. Many of the causes of primary and secondary amenorrhoea are the same, so initial investigation in primary care is similar for both.

The most common causes of amenorrhoea are hypothalamic amenorrhoea (34% of cases), polycystic ovarian syndrome (28%), hyperprolactinaemia (14%), and premature ovarian failure (12%).1 Anatomical factors account for 7% of cases. In the general population, secondary amenorrhoea has a prevalence of 3-4%2 and primary amenorrhoea has a prevalence of 0.3%,3 but in women with subfertility the prevalence of amenorrhoea is 10-20%,4 and it can be as high as 44% in competitive athletes.5

History taking should include duration of amenorrhoea, contraceptive history, exercise levels, weight loss or gain, eating habits, and recent stressful events, as well as inquiry about galactorrhoea, hirsuitism (and other signs of hyperandrogenism), and vasomotor symptoms. A thorough drug history should be taken, as several drugs can cause menstrual irregularity or amenorrhoea, such as the antipsychotic phenothiazines or previous treatment with cytotoxic agents. A basic examination of the genital tract …
HERPES OF LEFT UPPER DIVISION OF FIFTH NERVE WITH OCULAR PARALYSIS; PARALYSIS OF RIGHT THIRD NERVE WITH IRITIS; DIABETES
Authors: Arthur Hall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1903)

Journal Article HERPES OF LEFT UPPER DIVISION OF FIFTH NERVE WITH OCULAR PARALYSIS; PARALYSIS OF RIGHT THIRD NERVE WITH IRITIS; DIABETES Get access Arthur Hall, M.A., M.B.Cantab., M.R.C.P. Arthur Hall, M.A., M.B.Cantab., M.R.C.P. Physician, Sheffield Royal Hospital; Professor of Pathology, University College, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 15, Issue 9, 1 September 1903, Pages 311–313, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1903.tb16518.x Published: 01 September 1903
Is Health a State of Mind?
Authors: Leon Eisenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The article by George Vaillant in this issue presents evidence, derived from a longitudinal study of a selected sample of college men, that poor mental health is associated with deterioration in physical health, over and above the effects of substance abuse, overweight, and family history of longevity.One can cavil at the scale of "global mental health" employed in this study. Such scales tend to aggregate items that are not clearly commensurable and to employ intervals that are not equivalent, thus leading to differential weighting. For example, four items (income, advancement, work enjoyment, and sick leave) are work-related; moreover, to . . .
The mechanism of alpha-adrenergic activation of the dog coronary artery.
Authors: C van Breemen, B Siegel
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

Norepinephrine (NE) activates isolated coronary conduit arteries by stimulating Ca2+ uptake into the smooth muscle cells. Blockade of Ca2+ influx by removal of Ca2+ from the bathing medium or addition of 10 mM LaCl3 prevents the NE-induced contraction in the dog coronary artery but still allows NE to induce a rapid transient contraction in the rabbit aorta. Under these conditions, NE stimulates 45Ca2+ efflux from rabbit aorta but fails to do so in the coronary artery. The difference in behaviour between the two arteries is attributed by the presence of an intracellular NE-sensitive Ca2+ fraction in the rabbit aorta and its absence from the dog coronary artery. This difference also explains the much greater sensitivity of the NE-induced contractions in the dog coronary to the relaxant effects of the Ca2+ antagonists, D600 and SKF525A, than that seen in the rabbit aorta. High K+-induced contractions of both the coronary artery and the aorta are equally sensitive to the Ca2+ antagonists.
Recent upper respiratory tract infection and pityriasis rosea: a case-control study of 249 matched pairs
Authors: TSU-YI CHUANG, H.O. PERRY, D.M. ILSTRUP, L.T. KURLAND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Recent upper respiratory tract infection and pityriasis rosea: a case‐control study of 249 matched pairs Get access TSU‐YI CHUANG, TSU‐YI CHUANG Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.O. PERRY, H.O. PERRY Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.M. ILSTRUP, D.M. ILSTRUP Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.T. KURLAND L.T. KURLAND Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. L.T. Kurland, M.D., Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 108, Issue 5, 1 May 1983, Pages 587–591, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb01061.x Published: 01 May 1983 Article history Accepted: 27 September 1982 Published: 01 May 1983
How many times per day should peak expiratory flow rates be assessed when investigating occupational asthma?
Authors: J L Malo, J Cote, A Cartier, L P Boulet, J L'Archeveque, M Chan-Yeung
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--Serial peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) recording has been advocated as a sensitive and specific means of confirming work related asthma. The optimum number of recordings per day to achieve the best between-reader and within-reader reproducibility and sensitivity/specificity ratio compared with the final diagnosis determined by specific inhalation challenges is unknown. METHODS--PEF recording was carried out every two hours in 74 subjects referred for possible occupational asthma. Specific inhalation challenges performed in a hospital laboratory or at the workplace (positive in 33 subjects and negative in 41) were considered the gold standard. The duration of monitoring at work and away from work was at least two weeks each. Graphs of PEF recordings were generated in four different ways: every two hours, four times/day, three times/day, and every morning and evening. The graphs were assessed by three readers in three different centres in a blind manner. Furthermore, one third of each type of graph was read blind by the same reader one week after the initial interpretation. RESULTS--Agreement between the three readers was a little more frequent (82%) in the case of the every two hour readings than for the other types of readings (70% v 77%). Agreement between at least two of the three readers occurred in 73% of positive challenges (sensitivity) and in 78% of negative challenges (specificity) for every two hour readings. The figures varied from 61% to 70% for positive challenges and from 78% to 88% for negative challenges for the other types of readings. Within-subject reproducibility from one reading to the next (one week apart) was excellent (83% to 100%). CONCLUSIONS--Recording PEF every two hours results in a slightly more satisfactory agreement between readers and in concordance in terms of sensitivity/specificity than less frequent PEF readings, although the four times a day assessment is almost as satisfactory.
Local Endoscopic Removal of Duodenal Carcinoid Tumors
Authors: J. Dalenbäck, G. Havel
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

A swift and aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach is advisable when managing submucosal or polypoid lesions in the duodenum, since it is not possible to distinguish small, benign, and unremarkable duodenal growths macroscopically from malignant tumors such as carcinoids. This paper presents a systematic review of the published literature listed in Medline, focusing on the results after endoscopic treatment of duodenal carcinoids during the last 15 years; on the biological behavior of duodenal carcinoids; and on the endoscopic appearance of duodenal carcinoids. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is extremely useful in the diagnostic and preoperative work-up. The results indicate that endoscopic removal of duodenal carcinoids smaller than 1 cm that are located outside the periampullary region, with no EUS signs of invasion of the muscularis propria, is a safe, patient-friendly, adequate, and effective treatment.
Coping With Fallibility
Authors: Wendy Levinson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A patient who changed my practice: Fifteen years before looking at job
Authors: P. Stratta, C. Canavese
Journal: BMJ (2001)

When we recently looked at a survey on chronic uraemia that included patients for whom there was no occupational history, we felt that not enough attention was paid to this factor. We went back to the story of a 38 year old man who was admitted to our hospital in September 1976 complaining of severe abdominal pain. His clinical history was unremarkable up to 1961, when he first experienced abdominal pain and was admitted to another hospital. As laboratory tests showed no abnormalities and his clinical picture spontaneously improved, he was discharged, but he relapsed with colic-like severe abdominal pain …
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Anita Karne, Nirav R. Shah
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters7 September 2004Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Pulmonary EmbolismAnita Karne, MD, MSc and Nirav R. Shah, MD, MPHAnita Karne, MD, MScFrom New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016.Search for more papers by this author and Nirav R. Shah, MD, MPHFrom New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-5-200409070-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Quinlan and colleagues (1) addressed an important clinical question by comparing the benefits of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) with those of intravenous unfractionated heparin in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. Performing a meta-analysis including 12 randomized, controlled trials, they found that fixed-dose LMWH was as effective and safe as dose-adjusted unfractionated heparin. In addition to the low number of events overall in the study, we have concerns about the statistical analysis and potential for publication bias.Quinlan and colleagues used a fixed-effects model, which is appropriate for a meta-analysis with almost no heterogeneity between studies (2). However, ...References1. Quinlan DJ, McQuillan A, Eikelboom JW. Low-molecular-weight heparin compared with intravenous unfractionated heparin for treatment of pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:175-83. [PMID: 14757615] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Egger M, Smith GD, Phillips AN. Meta-analysis: principles and procedures. BMJ. 1997;315:1533-7. [PMID: 9432252] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Sterne JA, Gavaghan D, Egger M. Publication and related bias in meta-analysis: power of statistical tests and prevalence in the literature. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53:1119-29. [PMID: 11106885] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Low-molecular-weight heparin in the treatment of patients with venous thromboembolism. The Columbus Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:657-62. [PMID: 9280815] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoLow-Molecular-Weight Heparin Compared with Intravenous Unfractionated Heparin for Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism Daniel J. Quinlan , Andrew McQuillan , and John W. Eikelboom Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Pulmonary Embolism John W. Eikelboom , Andrew McQuillan , and Daniel J. Quinlan Metrics 7 September 2004Volume 141, Issue 5Page: 407KeywordsConfidence intervalsHeparinLow molecular weight heparinOdds ratioPulmonary embolismStandard error ePublished: 7 September 2004 Issue Published: 7 September 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
494 THE BIOMARKER ‘DASIMAR’ (DIMETHYLARGININE SCORE AND ISCHAEMIA MODIFIED ALBUMIN RATIO) IS AN EARLY PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LIVER FAILURE
Authors: N. Shah, N.A. Davies, R.N. Dalton, C. Turner, C. Sanders, W. Lee, R. Jalan, R.P. Mookerjee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The Training of Foreign Medical Graduates
Authors: Kenneth E. Livingston
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE United States, Canada and Great Britain have made important contributions to the training of health personnel for the medically less developed regions of the world. The extensive medical training facilities of these countries have been utilized by graduate students and physicians from many regions, with advantages acruing to the hosts as well as to the foreign nationals. Within recent years, however, there has been increasing concern over the high rate of loss of fully trained health manpower from the medically developing nations, particularly to the United States and Canada.Each year more than 3000 foreign medical graduates enter the . . .
Recurrent angioedema: familial and oestrogen-induced
Authors: R. P. WARIN, W. J. CUNLIFFE, M.W. GREAVES, T.B. WALLINGTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

We report two sisters who both have had severe attacks of urticaria and angioedema only when taking the contraceptive pill and during the latter half of pregnancy. Although they exhibited many features in common with hereditary angioedema (HAO), the C1 esterase inhibitor levels and other complement components were consistently normal, including levels measured during pregnancy and at the height of the eruption after oestrogen challenge. Aetiological factors in relation to other patterns and causes of urticaria are discussed.