tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a self antigen for presentation of multiple epitopes in cancer immunity
Authors: J. A. Guevara-Patino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

T cells recognizing self antigens expressed by cancer cells are prevalent in the immune repertoire. However, activation of these autoreactive T cells is limited by weak signals that are incapable of fully priming naive T cells, creating a state of tolerance or ignorance. Even if T cell activation occurs, immunity can be further restricted by a dominant response directed at only a single epitope. Enhanced antigen presentation of multiple epitopes was investigated as a strategy to overcome these barriers. Specific point mutations that create altered peptide ligands were introduced into the gene encoding a nonimmunogenic tissue self antigen expressed by melanoma, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1). Deficient asparagine-linked glycosylation, which was caused by additional mutations, produced altered protein trafficking and fate that increased antigen processing. Immunization of mice with mutated Tyrp1 DNA elicited cross-reactive CD8(+) T cell responses against multiple nonmutated epitopes of syngeneic Tyrp1 and against melanoma cells. These multi-specific anti-Tyrp1 CD8(+) T cell responses led to rejection of poorly immunogenic melanoma and prolonged survival when immunization was started after tumor challenge. These studies demonstrate how rationally designed DNA vaccines directed against self antigens for enhanced antigen processing and presentation reveal novel self epitopes and elicit multi-specific T cell responses to nonimmunogenic, nonmutated self antigens, enhancing immunity against cancer self antigens.
B7-1 (CD80)-gene transfer combined with interleukin-12 administration elicits protective and therapeutic immunity against mouse hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tomohide Tatsumi, Tetsuo Takehara, Tatsuya Kanto, Noriyoshi Kuzushita, Akihiko Ito, Akinori Kasahara, Yutaka Sasaki, Masatsugu Hori, Norio Hayashi
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently recurs after primary therapy, resulting in poor prognosis. To try to find a way to prevent this, we examined the combined effectiveness of B7-1 (CD80)-gene transfer and interleukin-12 (IL-12) on the induction of protective antitumor immunity against poorly immunogenic BNL1ME A.7R.1 (BNL) mouse HCC cells. We introduced mouse B7-1 gene into BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells. Overexpression of B7-1 on BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells resulted in significant inhibititon of subcutaneous tumor development in syngeneic BALB/c mice, but not in complete rejection, suggesting that strong expression of B7-1 molecules may enhance the immunogenicity of BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells in immunocompetent mice. Lymphocyte study revealed that the cytolytic activity generated by immunization with B7-1 transfectants against BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells was mediated mainly by CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). We examined the synergistic effect of IL-12 and immunization with B7-1 transfectants. The combination led to rejection of BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells in 6 of 10 tested mice and delayed tumor development in the remaining mice. Furthermore, the combined treatment against pre-established BNL1ME A.7R.1 tumors resulted in rejection in 3 of 8 tested mice or in significant inhibition of tumor growth in the remaining mice. In vivo lymphocyte subset depletion study indicated that the combined antitumor effect was dependent on the presence of both CD8 + and CD4 + T cells. In conclusion, the combination of immunization of B7-1-transfected HCC cells and IL-12 could induce protective and therapeutic immunity against parental HCC cells, and this combination may be therapeutically useful for suppressing recurrence of HCC.
Scintigraphic Findings of Uncommon Focal Manifestations of Haemophilus Influenzae Septicemia
Authors: J R STY, M J CHUSID, D P BABBITT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

Haemophilus influenzae septicemia is usually associated with a clinical focus of infection. The investigators describe early scintigraphic findings in some uncommon manifestations of H. influenzae septicemia.
Re: Caroline E. Weibull, Sandra Eloranta, Daniel Altman, Anna L.V. Johansson, Mats Lambe. Childbearing and the Risk of Bladder Cancer: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study. Eur Urol 2013;63:733–8
Authors: Silvia Selinski, Daniel Ovsiannikov, Jan G. Hengstler, Klaus Golka
Journal: European Urology (2013)
The effect of light on the skin
Authors: W. FRAIN-BELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article The effect of light on the skin Get access W. FRAIN‐BELL W. FRAIN‐BELL Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DDI 9SY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 4, 1 October 1988, Pages 479–485, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03251.x Published: 01 October 1988
FIB-4: An inexpensive and accurate marker of fibrosis in HCV infection. comparison with liver biopsy and fibrotest
Authors: Anaïs Vallet-Pichard, Vincent Mallet, Bertrand Nalpas, Virginie Verkarre, Antoine Nalpas, Valérie Dhalluin-Venier, Hélène Fontaine, Stanislas Pol
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract To optimize the management of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, noninvasive tests to determine the degree of hepatic fibrosis have been developed. The aims of this study were (1) to validate a simple, inexpensive, noninvasive test called FIB-4, which combines standard biochemical values (platelets, ALT, AST) and age, in a series of 847 liver biopsies performed in HCV-monoinfected patients; and (2) to compare the results of 780 FIB-4 and FibroTests performed the same day in a series of 592 HCV-infected patients. The FIB-4 index enabled the correct identification of patients with severe fibrosis (F3-F4) and cirrhosis with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 (95% CI 0.82-0.89) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.93), respectively. An FIB-4 index &lt;1.45 had a negative predictive value of 94.7% to exclude severe fibrosis with a sensitivity of 74.3%. An FIB-4 index higher than 3.25 had a positive predictive value to confirm the existence of a significant fibrosis (F3-F4) of 82.1% with a specificity of 98.2%. Using these ranges, 72.8% of the 847 liver biopsies were correctly classified. The FIB-4 index was strongly correlated to the FibroTest results for a score &lt;1.45 or &gt;3.25 (κ = 0.561, P &lt; 0.01). A FIB-4 value &lt;1.45 or &gt;3.25 (64.6% of the cases) was concordant with FibroTest results in 92.1% and 76%, respectively. Conclusion: For values outside 1.45-3.25, the FIB-4 index is a simple, accurate, and inexpensive method for assessing liver fibrosis and proved to be concordant with FibroTest results. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: lessons from the explant?
Authors: A Bathgate
Journal: Gut (2003)

Outcome of liver transplantation for patients with end stage alcoholic cirrhosis is not different from those with superimposed alcoholic hepatitis Orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis is now well established, with good outcome in terms of patient and graft survival. Transplantation for alcoholic hepatitis however is not a recognised indication in the UK.1 All centres in the UK require a period of abstinence before listing for transplantation, although not all have input from psychiatrists experienced in alcohol dependence.2 Tomé S, Martinez-Rey C, Gonzalez-Quintela A, et al . Influence of superimposed alcoholic hepatitis on the outcome of liver transplantation for end-stage alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol2002;36:793–8. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Background : End stage alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a common indication for liver transplantation but alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is often regarded as a contraindication. There is little evidence to support this belief. Objective : To study the effect of superimposed AH on the outcome of liver transplantation for end stage ALD. Design : Case series of consecutive patients undergoing liver transplantation over a five year period at one centre, followed for a median of 30 months. Patients : A total of 169 cases, 68 cases were due to ALD (all abstinent for at … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bhepatology%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BHepatol%26rft.aulast%253DTom%25C3%25A9%26rft.auinit1%253DS.%26rft.volume%253D36%26rft.issue%253D6%26rft.spage%253D793%26rft.epage%253D798%26rft.atitle%253DInfluence%2Bof%2Bsuperimposed%2Balcoholic%2Bhepatitis%2Bon%2Bthe%2Boutcome%2Bof%2Bliver%2Btransplantation%2Bfor%2Bend-stage%2Balcoholic%2Bliver%2Bdisease.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0168-8278%252802%252900047-8%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12044530%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00047-8&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12044530&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F52%2F4%2F462.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000176159500011&link_type=ISI
Pharmacogenetic Analysis of INT 0144 Trial: Association of Polymorphisms with Survival and Toxicity in Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with 5-FU and Radiation
Authors: Pierre Bohanes, Cathryn J. Rankin, Charles D. Blanke, Thomas Winder, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Stephen R. Smalley, Tyvin A. Rich, James A. Martensen, Al B. Benson, Robert J. Mayer, Christine M. Cripps, Kathleen Danenberg, Karen W. Makar, Wu Zhang, Jacqueline K. Benedetti, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

We tested whether 18 polymorphisms in 16 genes (GSTP1, COX2, IL10, EGFR, EGF, FGFR4, CCDN1, VEGFR2, VEGF, CXCR2, IL8, MMP3, ICAM1, ERCC1, RAD51, and XRCC3) would predict disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity in the INT0144 trial, which was designed to investigate different postoperative regimens of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemoradiation (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancers: Arm 1 consisted of bolus 5-FU followed by 5-FU protracted venous infusion (PVI) with radiotherapy; arm 2 was induction and concomitant PVI 5-FU with radiotherapy and arm 3 was induction and concomitant bolus 5-FU with radiotherapy.DNA from 746 stage II/III rectal patients enrolled in the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) S9304 phase III trial was analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue. The polymorphisms were analyzed using direct DNA-sequencing or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).GSTP1-Ile105Val (rs1695) was significantly associated with DFS and OS and its effect did not vary by treatment arm. The five-year DFS and OS were 53% and 58%, respectively, for G/G, 66% and 72% for G/A, and 57% and 66% for A/A patients. In arm 2, IL8-251A/A genotype (rs4073) was associated with a lower risk of toxicities (P = 0.04). The VEGFR2 H472Q Q/Q genotype (rs1870377) was associated with a higher risk of grade 3-5 proximal upper gastrointestinal tract (PUGIT) mucositis (P = 0.04) in arm 2. However, in arm 1, this genotype was associated with a lower risk of PUGIT mucositis (P = 0.004).rs1695 may be prognostic in patients with rectal cancer treated with adjuvant CRT. rs4073 and rs1870377 may exhibit different associations with toxicity, according to the 5-FU schedule.
Marriage, Morals and Medical Ethics
Authors: Frederick Leo Good, Otis F. Kelly
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Giant gastric and duodenal trichobezoar
Authors: A. Silva, J. Carvalho, R. Pinho, S. Fernandes, P. Sousa, J. Fraga
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 10-year-old girl was admitted with abdominal pain and vomiting that had started 2 weeks earlier, following weight loss during the previous 3 months. She had a 2-year history of ingesting hair and carpet fibers (trichophagia). On examination, a firm mass was palpable in the upper abdomen. Sonography revealed a voluminous and heterogeneous formation within the stomach. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a large bezoar occupying the entire stomach (Figure [1 ] a, b) and extending into the duodenum (Figure [1 ] c), making passage of the endoscope difficult. A few attempts were made to remove it endoscopically, using forceps and a snare, but these were unsuccessful. The trichobezoar was then surgically removed by gastrotomy. It measured 14 × 8 cm and had almost completely occluded the stomach and duodenum (Figure [2]). The girl had an uneventful postoperative course and was referred to a psychiatrist.
Polymyositis–Dermatomyositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: WILLIAM W. DOUGLAS, HENRY D. TAZELAAR, THOMAS E. HARTMAN, ROBERT P. HARTMAN, PAUL A. DECKER, DARRELL R. SCHROEDER, JAY H. RYU
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

We report findings in 70 patients with both diffuse interstitial lung disease and either polymyositis (PM) or dermatomyositis (DM). Initial presentations were most commonly either musculoskeletal (arthralgias, myalgias, and weakness) or pulmonary (cough, dyspnea, and fever) symptoms alone; in only 15 patients (21.4%) did both occur simultaneously. Pulmonary disease usually took the form of acute to subacute antibiotic-resistant community-acquired pneumonia. Chest radiographs and computed tomography most commonly demonstrated bilateral irregular linear opacities involving the lung bases; occasionally consolidation was present. Jo-1 antibody was present in 19 (38%) of 50 patients tested. Synchronous associated malignancy was present in 4 of 70 patients (5.7%). Surgical lung biopsies disclosed nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) in 18 of 22 patients (81.8%), organizing diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) in 2, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) in 1, and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in 1. Treatment usually included prednisone in 40-60 mg/d dosages for initial control, followed by lower dose prednisone plus an immunosuppressive agent such as azathioprine or methotrexate for disease suppression. Survival was significantly better than that observed for historical control subjects with idiopathic UIP, and was more consistent with survival previously reported in idiopathic NSIP. There was no difference in survival between Jo-1 positive and Jo-1 negative groups.
Common Symptoms of Disease in Children
Authors: Ira M. Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The sixth edition of this book by a distinguished British pediatrician has been extensively revised by the author. The primary objective of the book is to help the family physician think of the diagnosis that may be responsible for a common symptom in a child. Symptoms resulting solely from psychological causes are omitted. Relatively little information is given concerning the diseases cited. The book is planned for use in conjunction with textbooks of pediatrics. There is only a superficial attempt to explain the symptoms in terms of modern pathophysiological concepts. Although the symptoms discussed are common, the author does include in his differential diagnosis many rare diseases. Although the book is written with a simple and lucid style, like most reference texts it is difficult to read through. There are some charts, but the book suffers from an almost total lack of illustrative material. In addition to giving the differential
A legend leaves (but not quite, we hope): Nib Soehendra
Authors: J. Izbicki, T. Rösch
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Both authors confess that this is not an objective scientific piece of work; on the contrary, it is a heavily biased article with all possible violations of conflicts of interest (which we obviously enjoy), because the authors (one of whom is the successor of the subject of interest) have to admit, that the person under discussion has been a very good friend for a number of years, and has been enormously influential in the areas where we were deeply involved.
Interleukin-4 receptor targeted immunotherapy of human bladder cancer in animal models
Authors: Bharat H Joshi, Akiko Suzuki, Pamela Leland, Samir Lababidi, Frederick Varrichio, Robert Kreitman, Raj K Puri
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Previously, we have demonstrated that Interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) is overexpressed in bladder cancer biopsy specimens and its expression level correlates with the grade and stage of disease. Based on these observations, it is proposed that IL-4Rα is a prognostic
Quadriceps Fatigue after Cycle Exercise in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: M. JEFFERY MADOR, THOMAS J. KUFEL, LILIBETH PINEDA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Patients with COPD have derangements in respiratory mechanics that may cause them to stop exercising before the exercising limb muscles reach their functional limits. However, because lung disease makes activity unpleasant, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often adapt a sedentary lifestyle leading to progressive deconditioning. Deconditioning will lead to progressive deterioration in limb muscle function, which could adversely affect exercise capacity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether fatigue of the quadriceps muscle occurs after high intensity cycle exercise to the limits of tolerance in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Nineteen male patients with COPD (FEV1 1.54 ± 0.12 L; 42 ± 3% predicted) exercised at 60 to 70% of their predetermined maximal work capacity until exhaustion. The femoral nerve was supramaximally stimulated with a figure-of-eight magnetic coil, and quadriceps twitch force (TwQ) was measured before and at 10, 30, and 60 min postexercise. Patients exercised at 53.7 ± 4.1 watts for 10.4 ± 1.4 min. Peak V˙ o 2 was 1.24 ± 0.08 L/min (51.3 ± 3.6% predicted). TwQ fell significantly postexercise; 79.2 ± 5.4% of baseline value at 10 min postexercise (p < 0.005), 75.7 ± 4.8% at 30 min postexercise (p < 0.001), and 84.0 ± 5.0% at 60 min postexercise (p < 0.005). Acceptable M-waves from the quadriceps muscle (not obscured by stimulus artifact) were obtained in six subjects. M-wave amplitude was unchanged from baseline at all times postexercise indicating that the fall in TwQ was due to contractile fatigue and not to transmission failure. In conclusion, contractile fatigue of the quadriceps muscle occurs after high intensity cycle exercise to the limits of tolerance in patients with COPD.
Quinidine-Digoxin Interaction-Reply
Authors: Edward B. Leahey
Journal: JAMA (1979)

We would like to reply to the comments by Matzke and Burkle and those by Cisneros. Matzke and Burkle have reservations regarding the incidence of the interaction. We have made no attempt to state the actual incidence of this interaction; a retrospective study of hospitalized cardiac patients cannot possibly establish a true incidence. We have simply reported the finding of 25 cases in a single medical center in a single year, which suggests to us that the interaction must be common. Based on their mathematical model, Drs Matzke and Burkle expected higher serum digoxin concentrations than we found. The implication of this comment is that serum digoxin concentration may have risen merely from institution of a higher dose, enforced patient compliance in the hospital, or increased absorption from changes in other medications. We do not belive this to be the case for the following reasons: First, the baseline
Glycan and lectin microarrays for glycomics and medicinal applications
Authors: Jaroslav Katrlík, Juraj Švitel, Peter Gemeiner, Tibor Kožár, Jan Tkac
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2010)

Three different array formats to study a challenging field of glycomics are presented here, based on the use of a panel of immobilized glycan or lectins, and on in silico computational approach. Glycan and lectin arrays are routinely used in combination with other analytical tools to decipher a complex nature of glycan-mediated recognition responsible for signal transduction of a broad range of biological processes. Fundamental aspects of the glycan and lectin array technology are discussed, with the focus on the choice and availability of the biorecognition elements, fabrication protocols, and detection platforms involved. Moreover, practical applications of both technologies especially in the field of clinical diagnostics are provided. The future potential of a complementary in silico array technology to reveal details of the protein-glycan-binding profiles is discussed here.