tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 45-Year-Old Man With Low Back Pain and a Numb Left Foot, 1 Year Later
Authors: Jennifer Daley
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predicting binding energetics from structure: Looking beyond ?G�
Authors: Kenneth P. Murphy
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (1999)

Structure-based design of pharmaceuticals requires the ability to predict ligand affinity based on knowledge of structure. The primary term of interest is the binding affinity constant, K, or the free energy of binding, ΔG°. It is common to attempt to predict ΔG° based on empirically derived terms which represent common contributions such as the hydrophobic effect, hydrogen bonding, and conformational entropy. Although these approaches have met with some success, when they fail it is difficult to know which parameter(s) need refinement. Confidence in these approaches is also limited by the fact that ΔG° typically is made up of compensating enthalpic and entropic terms, ΔH° and ΔS°, so that accurate prediction of a ΔG° value may be fortuitous and may not indicate a reasonable understanding of the underlying relationship between structure and affinity. This is further complicated by the fact that both ΔH° and ΔS° are strongly temperature dependent through the heat capacity change, ΔCp. In order to avoid these difficulties, we attempt to use structural data to predict ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔCp from which ΔG° can be calculated as a function of temperature. The predictions are then compared to experimentally determined values. These calculations have been applied to several systems by ourselves and others. Systems include the binding of angiotensin II to an antibody, the dimerization of interleukin-8, and the binding of inhibitors to aspartic and serine proteases. Overall the calculations are very successful, and suggest that our understanding of the contributions of the hydrophobic effect, hydrogen bonding, and conformational entropy are quite good. Several of these systems show a strong dependence of the binding energetics on pH, indicative of changes in proton affinity of ionizable groups upon binding. It is critical to account for these protonation contributions to the binding energetics in order to assess the reliability of any computational prediction of energetics from structure. Methods have been developed for determining the energetics of proton binding using isothermal titration calorimetry. The availability of these methods provides a means of understanding how protein structure can modify the pKa's of ionizable groups. This information will further add to our understanding of structural energetic relationships and our ability accurately to predict binding affinities. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 19, No. 4, 333–339, 1999.
Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in patients receiving conventional treatment with insulin.
Authors: S Pramming, B Thorsteinsson, I Bendtson, B Ronn, C Binder
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The prevalence of nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia--that is, blood glucose concentrations below 3 mmol/l (55 mg/100 ml)--was evaluated in a random sample of 58 insulin dependent diabetics receiving twice daily insulin. Seventeen patients had at least one blood glucose value below 3 mmol/l (55 mg/100 ml) and five a value below 2 mmol/l (36 mg/100 ml) during the night. Both bedtime (2300) and fasting morning (0700) blood glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the group with nocturnal hypoglycaemia compared with the group without (p less than 0.00001). If the bedtime blood glucose concentration was below 6 mmol/l (108 mg/100 ml) the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia was 80% (95% confidence limits 51-96%). If the bedtime blood glucose concentration was above 6 mmol/l the likelihood of hypoglycaemia not occurring during the night was 88% (74-96%). The mean glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentration in the group with nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia (8.2 (range 5.0-12.4)%) was significantly lower than that in the group without (9.4(7.0-14.2)%) (p less than 0.02). The prevalence of nocturnal hypoglycaemia in the patients receiving twice daily insulin (29%) was compared with that in 15 patients receiving thrice daily insulin (47%) and was not found to be significantly different. The likelihood of this risk being greater with thrice daily insulin was, however, 88%. No patient with nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia woke up during the night with symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia is common during twice daily treatment with insulin, and low values of HbA1c might be associated with a higher risk of such hypoglycaemia. The blood glucose concentration at bedtime is a significant predictor of nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia, and HbA1c values might be of help in identifying patients at risk.
The Struggle for Reform — Challenges and Hopes for Comprehensive Health Care Legislation
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Undaunted by a soaring federal deficit, competing legislative priorities, and skeptical Republicans, leading Democrats are relentlessly pursuing health care reform, as they hold hearings, engage key stakeholders, plot strategy, and draft legislation. Five congressional committees — two in the Senate and three in the House — are at work on major reform legislation. While underscoring his administration's strong support for reform, President Barack Obama has emphasized his preference that Congress lead in crafting a measure aimed at expanding coverage, improving care delivery, and constraining the growth of health care spending.None of the committee chairs have introduced reform bills yet, . . .
Variations in the incidence and the spatial distribution of patients with primary acute pancreatitis in Nottingham 1969-76.
Authors: J B Bourke, J A Giggs, D S Ebdon
Journal: Gut (1979)

During the eight year period 1969-76, 214 patients with primary acute pancreatitis were admitted to Nottingham hospitals from the Nottingham defined population area (the City of Nottingham and the four adjacent urban districts, which had a population of 469,720 in 1971). There was considerable variation in both the incidence and distribution of the disease within the study area and the crude average incidence rates ranged between 31.8 and 388.7 per million. Six of the eight wards with rates in excess of 200 per million were contiguous with similar wards; together these formed a U-shaped area extending from the city centre to the eastern boundary of the study area. These findings could not be accounted for by the age structure of the population or its social class structure. Although the Nottingham defined population area is relatively small (147 km2 or 57 sq. miles), it is subdivided into distinct and fixed domestic water supply areas. The distribution of patients among the six water supply areas showed that the Burton Joyce supply area, which is a particularly 'hard' water, contained significantly more patients than could have occurred by chance (P less than 0.002). This investigation of some social and geographical factors suggests that the chemical composition of the domestic water supply may affect the distribution of this disease within this particular urban area. This concentration of patients in the Burton Joyce water supply area suggests that some, as yet unidentified, property of the water supply may be an aetiological factor.
Doctor is allowed back to work after five year suspension with 16 conditions on his registration
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A consultant anaesthetist suspended from work for five years after the death of a patient has been allowed to retrain and return to practice.

The UK Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service held that Michael Seng Teik Lim’s fitness to practise was impaired because of his misconduct and deficient professional performance but concluded that he had “good insight” into his clinical deficiencies and was “strongly motivated to correct them.”

The tribunal service’s fitness to practise panel placed 16 conditions on Lim’s registration for 18 months, including that he must work only in the NHS and at a level lower than consultant.

Suspensions lasting five years or longer were not uncommon before NHS employers’ disciplinary procedures were overhauled to end the “suspension culture,” …
Cleavage by Granzyme B Is Strongly Predictive of Autoantigen Status
Authors: Livia Casciola-Rosen, Felipe Andrade, Danielle Ulanet, Wes Bang Wong, Antony Rosen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Systemic autoimmune diseases are a genetically complex, heterogeneous group of disorders in which the immune system targets a diverse but highly specific group of intracellular autoantigens. The molecules targeted are not unified by common structure, function, or distribution in control cells but become clustered and concentrated in surface blebs when cells undergo apoptosis. We show here that the majority of autoantigens targeted across the spectrum of human systemic autoimmune diseases are efficiently cleaved by granzyme B in vitro and during cytotoxic lymphocyte granule–induced death, generating unique fragments not observed during any other form of apoptosis. These molecules are not cleaved by caspase-8, although this protease has a very similar specificity to granzyme B. The granzyme B cleavage sites in autoantigens contain amino acids in the P2 and P3 positions that are preferred by granzyme B but are not tolerated by caspase-8. In contrast to autoantigens, nonautoantigens are either not cleaved by granzyme B or are cleaved to generate fragments identical to those formed in other forms of apoptosis. The striking ability of granzyme B to generate unique fragments is therefore an exclusive property of autoantigens and unifies the majority of molecules targeted in this spectrum of diseases. These results focus attention on the role of the cytotoxic lymphocyte granule–induced death pathway in the initiation and propagation of systemic autoimmunity.
Cystic pancreatic lesions: Can we diagnose them accurately what to look for? FNA marker molecular analysis resection, surveillance, or endoscopic treatment?
Authors: W. Brugge
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Cystic lesions of the pancreas consist of a spectrum of benign, pre-malignant, and malignant malignancies. In the past, cystic neoplasms of the pancreas were thought to be relatively rare, but the widespread use of cross sectional imaging has dramatically increased ability to detect these lesions. Although the vast majority of pancreatic cysts are discovered incidentally, large or invasive lesions may produce sufficient symptoms to cause the patient to seek medical attention.
Skin Bacteria and Their Role in Infection
Authors: Thomas P. Kugelman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In this symposium a group of prominent specialists seeks to bring up to date our knowledge in selected aspects of cutaneous microbiology. The difficulties inherent in turning such a series of independently prepared papers into a readable and useful book are readily apparent. Much of the material is repetitious, the quality of new research is uneven, many relevant topics are not covered, and several contributions could well have been omitted. The absence of discussion or editing leaves many contradictions and controversies unresolved. Reflecting current emphasis and interest, the subject matter deals mainly with staphylococcal disease. Most rewarding are several excellent review articles which form a comprehensive reference source. Noteworthy are "The Bacteriology of Normal Skin," by Kligman; "The Pathogenic Staphylococcus," by Elek; "The Inflammatory Response of Skin to Bacterial Invasion," by Cluff; "Colonization of the Newborn," by Hurst; and, perhaps most important, "Bacterial Interference," by Shinefield et al. Of the
Homozygosity mapping as a screening tool for the molecular diagnosis of hereditary skin diseases in consanguineous populations
Authors: Mordechai Mizrachi-Koren, Saar Shemer, Michal Morgan, Margarita Indelman, Ziad Khamaysi, Danny Petronius, Ora Bitterman-Deutsch, Hans Christian Hennies, Reuven Bergman, Eli Sprecher
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
THE PRECIPITIN REACTION OF FIBRINOGEN
Authors: LUDVIG HEKTOEN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The various fibrinogens used in our experiments were prepared 1 as follows:  Four parts of the clear plasma obtained by centrifugalization of oxalated blood are mixed with one part of saturated solution of ammonium sulphate; the precipitate is removed by centrifugalization or by straining through washed cheesecloth, depending on its state of division, and then washed with one or two changes of 20 per cent, saturated ammonium sulphate solution, and finally dissolved in a 2 per cent, solution of pure sodium chlorid, which solution is then filtered. A second precipitation is made by adding one part of saturated ammonium sulphate solution to five parts of the 2 per cent, sodium chlorid solution; the precipitate is again separated as indicated, washed, and redissolved in 2 per cent. sodium chlorid solution. At least four precipitations are made in this way in all cases. If  there is any indication of a positive benzidin
Stimulation of HIV-1-Specific Cytolytic T Lymphocytes Facilitates Elimination of Latent Viral Reservoir after Virus Reactivation
Authors: Liang Shan, Kai Deng, Neeta S. Shroff, Christine M. Durand, S. Alireza. Rabi, Hung-Chih Yang, Hao Zhang, Joseph B. Margolick, Joel N. Blankson, Robert F. Siliciano
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers Are Indicators of Small-Fiber Neuropathy in Both Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients
Authors: Gary L. Pittenger, Madhumita Ray, Niculina I. Burcus, Patricia McNulty, Baher Basta, Aaron I. Vinik
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—Small-fiber neuropathies may be symptomatic yet escape detection by standard tests. We hypothesized that morphologic changes in intraepidermal nerves would correlate with clinical measures of small-fiber neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We studied 25 diabetic and 23 nondiabetic patients with neuropathy defined by signs, symptoms, and quantitative testing and 20 control subjects. Skin biopsies were obtained from forearm, thigh, proximal leg, and distal leg, and nerves identified using immunofluorescence with antibody to protein gene product (PGP) 9.5. RESULTS—Mean dendritic length (MDL) (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENF) (P &amp;lt; 0.001) progressively decreased from proximal to distal sites only in patients with neuropathy. There was a significant reduction in IENF when comparing control subjects and patient groups in the distal leg (P &amp;lt; 0.001). MDL was significantly decreased in the thigh (P &amp;lt; 0.005) and in the proximal (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and distal (P &amp;lt; 0.002) leg in patients compared with control subjects. IENF was not significantly altered in diabetic patients of &amp;lt;5 years’ duration, but significantly decreased in patients with &amp;gt;5 years’ duration. MDL showed a linear decrease with increasing duration of diabetes. Distal leg IENF showed significant negative correlations with warm (P &amp;lt; 0.02) and cold (P &amp;lt; 0.05) thermal threshold, heat pain (P &amp;lt; 0.05), pressure sense (P &amp;lt; 0.05), and neurological disability score total sensory (P &amp;lt; 0.03) and total neuropathy (P &amp;lt; 0.03) values. CONCLUSIONS—IENF was not significantly altered in these patients at &amp;lt;5 years’ duration of diabetes, but fell significantly after 5 years of diabetes. MDL exhibited a linear loss with time, suggesting a different mechanism of change. MDL and IENF together may prove a useful end point in therapeutic trials for neuropathy.
Access and Diversity in Academic Mentoring—Reply
Authors: Allan S. Detsky, Mark Otto Baerlocher
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FVC measures 'capacity for living'
Authors: Roger S. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The ability to blow up a balloon apparently is one of the best indicators of a person's general state of health. Forced vital capacity (FVC) measures the ability to take a deep breath and forcefully exhale into a spirometer. According to Framingham, Mass, investigators, newly analyzed data show that FVC is a measure of overall "capacity for living." In addition, the investigators have discovered that hand grip strength is one of the best correlates of FVC, suggesting that grip may be an index of physical fitness. Aging induces a decline in FVC, which cannot generally be improved even with training, although athletes have higher FVCs than others. Smoking cigarettes makes the FVC decline more rapidly than normal, but when smokers quit, their FVCs again begin to decline at the usual rate, although never returning to normal levels for age and sex. Although women have smaller FVCs than men, their FVCs
Guillain–Barré syndrome in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus and anti‐Ro/SSA and anti‐La/SSB autoantibodies
Authors: S. Miyagawa, M. Nakajima, K. Nishio, J. Sogami, A. Tsubakimoto, A. Yoshioka, T. Shirai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

We report a 9-year follow-up of a girl with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and probable Sjögren’s syndrome. At the age of 7 years, the patient developed a chilblain-like eruption with features of SLE, including leucopenia, oral ulcers, positive rheumatoid and antinuclear antibodies and positive anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies. At the age of 13 years she developed Guillain–Barré syndrome, which completely resolved with aggressive treatment, including high-dose corticosteroids and the use of plasma exchange followed by intravenous gammaglobulin.
Adjuncts to Thrombolysis for Myocardial Reperfusion
Authors: J J Popma, E J Topol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To discuss adjunctive pharmacologic agents for acute myocardial infarction, to critique their initial effects in clinical trials, and to review their potential for improving the clinical conditions of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Data Sources: Relevant studies reported from January 1985 to December 1990 were identified through a MEDLINE search of the English-language literature and through a manual search of the bibliographies of all identified articles. Study Selection: Peer-reviewed experimental and clinical studies evaluating the role of pharmacologic adjuncts to thrombolytic therapy in experimental models of coronary occlusion and clinical trials of patients with acute myocardial infarction were selected for review. Data Extraction and Synthesis: The data presented were abstracted by the investigators. Differences with a univariate P value of less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Conclusions: Current clinical data suggest that adjunctive pharmacologic therapy to thrombolytic agents should include aspirin, at least 160 mg administered as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms; intravenous heparin; and, in selected patients without contraindications, intravenous beta-blockading agents.
A New Strategy in the War on Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Boris Pasche
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RESTRICTIVE MARRIAGE LEGISLATION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE WIFE, MOTHER, AND HOME.
Authors: ALICE LEE MOQUÉ
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Before taking up the question of reforms in our marriage laws, it may be well for us to consider briefly, from the sociologic point of view, what marriage was in the past, that we may be able to logically deduce from what it was, and is, what it may become. To do this, it must be frankly stated at the beginning, I shall have to speak plainly of sexual conditions, but beg that my hearers will appreciate that, in the words of Leterneau, "I have striven never to depart from the scientific spirit, which purifies everything." To the sentimentalist of to-day, the fundamental truth on which the marital tie rests is forgotten or ignored. Losing sight of the plain and homely facts, proving the humble origin, of what they are pleased to call "the divine sacrament," they insist on a blind conservatism, which clings tenaciously to beliefs and practices, absolutely
Targeted Therapies: Cui Prodest?
Authors: Daris Ferrari, Paolo Foa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

further the science of oncology.Based on our study, we would not recommend the use of dexrazoxane in patients receiving doxorubicin and etoposide as used in our studies.We trust the ability of our colleagues to evaluate the data and to make the best decisions for their own patients and in the design of future clinical trials.