tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ATROPHY OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE STOMACH.
Authors: FREEMAN F. WARD
Journal: JAMA (1901)

While much has been written upon this disease by different authors, comparatively few cases have been reported, and many of the cases which are reported under this heading are worthless because the diagnosis is made simply upon the absence of free HCl in the stomach contents. It is due to Fenwick<sup>1</sup>who, in 1877, was the first to call attention to this condition of the stomach as an independent disease, particularly as to the question of its being incited, or caused by, and having relation to, pernicious anemia, that we acknowledge our obligations to his efforts. Since that time a large number of authors, Ewald,<sup>2</sup>Nothnagel,<sup>3</sup>Osler,<sup>4</sup>Kinnicutt,<sup>5</sup>Einhorn,<sup>6</sup>and others, have employed themselves in a more exact study of this disease under the different names of atrophy of the mucous membrane of the stomach, achylia gastrica, atrophia gastritis, phthisis ventriculi, catarrhus atrophicans,<i>anadnie</i>
Fetal infection after maternal reinfection with rubella: criteria for defining reinfection.
Authors: J. M. Best, J. E. Banatvala, P. Morgan-Capner, E. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Five cases of asymptomatic maternal reinfection with rubella are described that occurred in England and Wales during 1985-8 and resulted in intrauterine infection. The criteria for diagnosing reinfection are described. In four cases the rubella contact was with the woman's own children. Two women had therapeutic abortions, rubella virus being recovered from the products of conception, and three were delivered of infants with congenitally acquired disease. Though the risks associated with maternal reinfection with rubella are very small and being measured in a prospective study, it is hoped that the recently introduced augmented programme of rubella vaccination will reduce rubella in the community and therefore this small risk still further.
The Fc receptor on thymus-derived lymphocytes: II. Mitogen responsiveness of T lymphocytes bearing the Fc receptor.
Authors: R D Stout, L A Herzenberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

The responsiveness of purified Fc- and Fc+ T lymphocytes, isolated from normal spleen cell populations by cell sorting on the fluorescence activated cell sorter, has been examined. Although both Fc- and Fc+ T cells responded to phytohemagglutinin, the response to concanavalin A (Con A) was found to be a characteristic of the Fc+ T lymphocyte. The poor responsiveness of the Fc- T cells to Con A was shown not to be due to a requirement of either different concentrations of Con A or for adherent cells. The addition of Fc+ T cells to the Fc- T cells in a ratio of 1:3 resulted in a mitotic response not significantly different from that observed with the purified Fc+ T cells alone and up to 15-fold greater than that of Fc- T cells alone. It is suggested that the Fc T cells can be recruited into mitosis as a result of Con A stimulation of the Fc+ T cells.
Commentary: a hypothesis challenged
Authors: J. W Rich-Edwards, M. W Gillman
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Critics have charged David Barker, champion of the hypothesis that the environment in the uterus programmes the risk of adult disease,1 with overenthusiastic inductive reasoning as well as inattention to issues of selection bias and confounding.2 A growing number of independent epidemiologists, however, have confirmed associations between birth weight and hypertension,3 4 diabetes mellitus,3 5 6 7 cardiovascular disease,8 9 and breast cancer.10 11 12 These associations have been observed in various settings and have proved robust to adjustment for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Thus increasing attention is being paid to what underlies these observations; Barker himself has invoked “undernutrition” of the fetus to explain the cardiovascular outcomes.1 Now Stanner and colleagues put this explanation to the test by measuring cardiovascular risk factors among adults …
Public Disclosure of Health Plan Quality of Care
Authors: Karen Ignagni
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Additively Manufactured Device for Dynamic Culture of Large Arrays of 3D Tissue Engineered Constructs
Authors: Pedro F. Costa, Dietmar W. Hutmacher, Christina Theodoropoulos, Manuela E. Gomes, Rui L. Reis, Cédryck Vaquette
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The ability to test large arrays of cell and biomaterial combinations in 3D environments is still rather limited in the context of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This limitation can be generally addressed by employing highly automated and reproducible methodologies. This study reports on the development of a highly versatile and upscalable method based on additive manufacturing for the fabrication of arrays of scaffolds, which are enclosed into individualized perfusion chambers. Devices containing eight scaffolds and their corresponding bioreactor chambers are simultaneously fabricated utilizing a dual extrusion additive manufacturing system. To demonstrate the versatility of the concept, the scaffolds, while enclosed into the device, are subsequently surface‐coated with a biomimetic calcium phosphate layer by perfusion with simulated body fluid solution. 96 scaffolds are simultaneously seeded and cultured with human osteoblasts under highly controlled bidirectional perfusion dynamic conditions over 4 weeks. Both coated and noncoated resulting scaffolds show homogeneous cell distribution and high cell viability throughout the 4 weeks culture period and CaP‐coated scaffolds result in a significantly increased cell number. The methodology developed in this work exemplifies the applicability of additive manufacturing as a tool for further automation of studies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Live kidney donation was associated with increased mortality and end-stage renal disease at 15 years
Authors: Amit X. Garg, Neil Boudville
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

ACP Journal Club20 May 2014Live kidney donation was associated with increased mortality and end-stage renal disease at 15 yearsAmit X. Garg, MD, PhD, Neil Boudville, MDAmit X. Garg, MD, PhDWestern University, London, Ontario, Canada (A.X.G.)Search for more papers by this author, Neil Boudville, MDUniversity of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (N.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-160-10-201405200-02012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMjoen G, Hallan S, Hartmann A, et al. Long-term risks for kidney donors. Kidney Int. 2013 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24284516Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Nephrology: References1 Horvat LD, Shariff SZ, Garg AX; Donor Nephrectomy Outcomes Research (DONOR) Network. Global trends in the rates of living kidney donation. Kidney Int. 2009;75:1088-98. [PMID: 19225540] Google Scholar2 Garg AX, Meirambayeva A, Huang A, et al; Donor Nephrectomy Outcomes Research Network. Cardiovascular disease in kidney donors: matched cohort study. BMJ. 2012;344:e1203. [PMID: 22381674] Google Scholar3 Reule S, Matas A, Ibrahim HN. Selection of controls in kidney donor outcome studies: an admirable effort [Editorial]. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;61:194-6. [PMID: 22917667] Google Scholar4 Reese PR, Bloom RD, Feldman HI. Mortality, cardiovascular and end-stage renal disease outcomes among older live kidney donors [Abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;24:71A. Google Scholar5 Muzaale AD, Massie AB, Wang MC, et al. Risk of end-stage renal disease following live kidney donation. JAMA. 2014;311:579-86. [PMID: 24519297] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (A.X.G.)University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (N.B.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 May 2014. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEnd-stage renal disease risk in live kidney donors 20 May 2014Volume 160, Issue 10Page: JC12KeywordsBody mass indexKidneysMedical dialysisRenal diseasesRenal failureRenal transplantationRisk managementTransplantation ePublished: 20 May 2014 Issue Published: 20 May 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
College raises concern about GPs' role in government plans to restrict access to NHS
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Effects of protein-bound polysacchraide (PS)-K on interleukin (IL)-2-induced responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were studied. PS-K (50 mcg/ml) was observed to enhance proliferative responses, cytotoxic activities against K562 and Daudi target cells, CD25+ cell population and telomerase activity of PBMCs stimulated with IL-2. The cytotoxic effector cells could be generated in the presence of PS-K even with a minimum amount of IL-2. The enhancing effect of PS-K on the IL-2-induced lymphocyte activation was more evident in PBMCs from cancer patients than in those from healthy volunteers, suggesting that PS-K may be beneficial if combined in the IL-2-based immunotherapy of cancer. TGF-beta inhibited the IL-2-induced lymphocyte activation of proliferative responses, cytotoxic activities and CD25+ cell population, the inhibitions of which were abrogated with PS-K. PS-K also abrogated the TGF-beta-induced anchorage-independent growth of normal rat kidney cells. Flow cytometric analysis using a labeled TGF-beta revealed that PS-K blocked the binding of TGF-beta at its receptor level on the surface of PBMCs. It is suggested that PS-K enhances IL-2-induced lymphocyte activation through, in part, an antagonistic action against TGF-beta.
Provision of Methadone Treatment in Primary Care Medical Practices
Authors: Michael Weinrich, Mary Stuart
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Under new proposed regulations, US physicians outside of traditional methadone clinics could prescribe methadone to patients with opioid dependence. No large-scale evaluations of US programs in which methadone maintenance is provided by primary care physicians are available, but primary care physicians in Scotland have participated in such programs on a large scale.To review the history, operation, and outcome data on the efficacy and safety of 2 Scottish primary care-based opioid agonist treatment programs to derive lessons for the US context.Naturalistic study of programs in Edinburgh and Glasgow, Scotland, with data obtained through site visits and interviews conducted in 1996 and 1998, as well as from published reports and retrospective analysis of electronic databases.Proportions of injection drug users who were enrolled in the methadone maintenance programs, average methadone doses in the programs, and methadone-related deaths.A total of 60% to 80% of injection drug users in Edinburgh and 41% to 73% of those in Glasgow were enrolled in methadone maintenance in 1998-1999. Dose levels are consistent with US recommendations (for Edinburgh in 1998, 61 mg; for Glasgow in 1994-1996, 54 mg). The Glasgow program required supervised consumption of methadone in community pharmacies for the first year and experienced significantly fewer methadone-related deaths than Edinburgh in 1997 (17 vs 30 deaths; P<.0001). Programs in both Edinburgh and Glasgow provided support to primary care physicians and achieved levels of general practitioner participation of 59% (1998) and 30% (1999), respectively.The Scottish experience indicates that prescription of methadone in office-based settings can expand access to an important treatment modality. Primary care physicians safely prescribed methadone for maintenance treatment when provided with adequate support. Diversion of methadone was minimized by requiring supervised consumption in community pharmacies.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE PRESENCE AND FORMATION OF AGGLUTININS IN THE BLOOD
Authors: M. A. Ruffer, M. Crendiropoulo
Journal: BMJ (1902)

AGGLU rTINS IN THE BLOOD.one-tenth* of the animal's blood being contained in the circuit.That o.8 per cent. of chloroform vapour in the inspired air produced paralysis of the heart under these circumstances in i6 min.25 sec.must be due to the rapid rise in vapour tension of chloroform in the small and isolated quantity of circulating blood.This small quantity of blood cannot give its chloroform to the tissues and lymph.For the same reason the rapidity of recovery when chloroform administration was suspended in these experiments corresponds to the rapidity with which the heart is affected.This is seen in tracing (I).No sudden failure occurs from the action of chloroform on the isolated heart.The fall of blood pressure is gradual or steep according to the percentage of chloroform vapour in the air administered, but there were no abrupt variations in the rate or efficiency of the heart such as occur in an animal with an intact nervous system.
Scombrotoxic fish poisoning.
Authors: J G Cruickshank, H R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1978)

69 '70 '71 '72 '73 '74 '75 '76 '77 Correction of hypercalcaemia by removal of parathyroid adenoma in 1966 with persistence of hypercalciuria.Note normal calcium excretion during inpatient treatment in 1974.Shaded line represents dietary calcium restriction and sodium cellulose phosphate treatment.Serum albumin concentration ranged from 37-44 g/l.Conversion: SI to traditional units-Calcium: 1 mmol 40 mg.
AMA Judicial Council Activities
Authors: Bruce Nortell
Journal: JAMA (1978)

AS PART of its ongoing activities concerning review of professional conduct, the AMA Judicial Council has submitted a report recommending changes in the "Principles of Medical Ethics of the American Medical Association." The new version proposed by the Judicial Council at the 1977 Interim Meeting is intended to modernize the language of the principles and to clarify their meaning. Under the provisions of the AMA bylaws, no action can be taken on the new version until the Annual Meeting of the House of Delegates June 17-22, 1978. The current and proposed principles appear below and on the following page. The Judicial Council desires to obtain the comments and suggestions of interested parties prior to the June 1978 meeting. Address them to Bruce Nortell, Secretary, AMA Judicial Council, American Medical Association, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610. <h3>Current Principles of Medical Ethics</h3> Preamble. These principles are intended to aid physicians
Quantitative assessment of growth and function of the cardiac chambers in the normal human fetus: a prospective longitudinal echocardiographic study.
Authors: M G St John Sutton, M H Gewitz, B Shah, A Cohen, N Reichek, S Gabbe, D S Huff
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We assessed the changes in cardiac chamber size, architecture and function in the normal fetus in a prospective, longitudinal, two-dimensional, and two-dimensionally directed M mode echocardiographic study. Serial echocardiograms were recorded in 16 normal fetuses at 4 week intervals from 20 weeks gestation to parturition. Fetal gestational age was assessed by biparietal diameter. Left ventricular, right ventricular, and left atrial chamber sizes and aortic diameter all increased linearly with age. The ratios of right and left ventricular diameter, left atrial to aortic diameters, and relative left ventricular wall thickness that we used as an index of short-axis left ventricular architecture remained constant. Fractional right ventricular and left ventricular wall thicknesses were similar both on echocardiograms and in postmortem hearts over the same range of gestational ages. In addition, postmortem right ventricular and left ventricular free wall weights were indistinguishable and contributed the same proportion to total heart weight throughout gestation. Left ventricular echocardiographic mass increased linearly from a mean of 0.86 +/- 0.09 to 7.47 +/- 2.43 g at term and corresponded closely with postmortem left ventricular weight. We conclude that (1) fetal cardiac chamber dimensions, wall thicknesses, and left ventricular mass increased with gestational age, (2) cardiac architecture in terms of the ratios of right ventricular/left ventricular diameters, left atrial/aortic diameters, and relative wall thickness remained constant, (3) right and left ventricular fractional shortening did not change with age, (4) left ventricular mass assessed echocardiographically corresponded closely with postmortem left ventricular weights in fetal hearts of similar gestational ages, and (5) the similarities between right and left ventricular sizes, wall thicknesses, and free wall weights in this study do not support the theory of right ventricular dominance in the human fetus.
Hemochromatosis protein HFE C282Y conformational considerations
Authors: Matthew W. Lawless
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

I read with interest the results of the recent study by Vecchi et al.on HFE C282Y mutation impairing protein traffic to the plasma membrane, which is associated with lower hepcidin expression.1 Indeed, hepcidin suppression has been consistently linked to iron overload. Furthermore, the homozygous Cys-to-Tyr mutation at residue 282 (C282Y) of the hemochromatosis protein HFE (the most common form of iron overload) is recognized to induce the formation of aggregates that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).2, 3 The report by Vecchi et al. importantly suggests that the abnormal protein trafficking of the mutant HFE C282Y protein directly results in the suppression of hepcidin expression. Viewing HFE C282Y hereditary hemochromatosis in the context of aberrant protein trafficking that leads to the suppression of hepcidin has important implications for iron overload regulation, thus highlighting the conformational aspects of HFE C282Y protein in the onset and variable pathogenesis of this conditions.4 A close relationship exists between abnormal protein trafficking and clinical consequences, evidence of which can be observed in a range of disorders.5 This emphasis of the study by Vecchi et al. is that investigations of the misfolding protein (HFE C282Y) may provide further intriguing possibilities for the understanding of this condition. Thus, the recognition of HFE C282Y hereditary hemochromatosis aberrant protein trafficking as an important consideration for this condition may reveal new and more-effective approaches to diagnosis and treatment of iron overload. Matthew W. Lawless*, * Centre for Liver Disease, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Inhibition of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Family DNA Binding in Mouse Epidermis Prevents and Regresses Papillomas
Authors: Won Jun Oh, Vikas Rishi, Andras Orosz, Michael J. Gerdes, Charles Vinson
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

The CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBP) are a family of B-ZIP DNA binding proteins that act as transcription factors to regulate growth and differentiation of many cell types, including keratinocytes. To examine the consequences of inhibiting the C/EBP family of transcription factors in skin, we generated transgenic mice that use the tetracycline system to conditionally express A-C/EBP, a dominant negative that inhibits the DNA binding of C/EBP family members. We expressed A-C/EBP in the basal layer of the skin epidermis during a two-step skin carcinogenesis protocol. A-C/EBP expression caused hyperplasia of the basal epidermis and increased apoptosis in the suprabasal epidermis. The mice developed fewer papillomas and had systemic hair loss. A-C/EBP expression caused C/EBPbeta protein to disappear whereas C/EBPalpha, p53, Bax, and caspase-3 protein levels were dramatically up-regulated in the suprabasal layer. Primary keratinocytes recapitulate the A-C/EBP induction of cell growth and increase in p53 protein. A-C/EBP expression after papilloma development caused the papillomas to regress with an associated increase in apoptosis and up-regulation of p53 protein. Furthermore, A-C/EBP-expressing mice heterozygous for p53 were more susceptible to papilloma formation, suggesting that the suppression of papilloma formation has a p53-dependent mechanism. These results implicate DNA binding of C/EBP family members as a potential molecular therapeutic target.
Guidelines for Treatment of Osteoporosis in Older Women
Authors: Saul B. Gilson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  In a State of the Art/Review of senile osteoporosis, Drs Resnick and Greenspan 1 make the following observations:   Empiric support for supplemental calcium in older women is sparse and conflicting.... Supplemental calcium in older women is more likely to cause adverse side effects.... Without more data, it is difficult to know whether to recommend supplemental calcium, and, if so, how much.  Data supporting the use of cholecalciferol (vitamin D) are conflicting.... Toxicity (manifest as hypercalcemia) can occur with dosages as low as 50 μg/d, especially in elderly individuals.  Exercise is potentially a twoedged sword.... Further study is required to determine whether prescribing exercise for older individuals will be beneficial for fracture prevention.   The authors then provide what they call reasonable guidelines, as follows:  Elderly women may be advised to take... vitamin D... and an adequate amount of calcium_Judiciously designed exercise programs... may be
Doctors call for better management of suspected measles cases
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

With measles at its highest level in England and Wales for 18 years, a group of public health doctors are calling for more rigorous isolation of people with suspected measles in the waiting rooms of general practices and hospitals and for trusts to ensure that all staff members have received the MMR (mumps, measles, and rubella) vaccination.

There were 2016 confirmed cases of measles in England and Wales during 2012, the highest annual total since 1994. In northwest England 918 cases of measles have been confirmed since January 2012, with an ongoing outbreak in the Morecambe Bay area of Lancashire. Last month a measles outbreak was …
Long term efficacy of WT1 peptide vaccine in patients with WT1 overexpressing hematopoeitic and solid malignancies
Authors: Anne Letsch, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Antonia Busse, Sebastian Ochsenreither, Igor Wolfgang Blau, Claudia Baldus, Eckhard Thiel, Ulrich Keilholz
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts We have performed two separate phase II peptide vaccine trials in patients with AML/MDS and in patients with WT1 overexpressing solid tumors with identical vaccine schedule. Here we concentrate on patients remaining on vaccination for at least one year in order to analyze