tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Self-sparing of long-term in vitro-cloned or uncloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Authors: M F Luciani, J F Brunet, M Suzan, F Denizot, P Golstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

At least some long-term in vitro-cultured cytotoxic T cell clones and uncloned cell populations are able, in the presence of Con A, to lyse other cells, to be lysed by other cells, but not to lyse themselves. This as-yet-unexplained result may have implications as to the mechanism of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
TREATMENT OF UTERINE HAEMORRHAGE NOT DUE TO PREGNANCY OR NEW GROWTH
Authors: G. H. Varley
Journal: BMJ (1924)

TREATMENT OF UTERINE HAEMORRHAGE.T 3E7 roots discharging the pus characteristic of chroniic alveolar abscess dry up, so to speak, and after extractioni their sacs appear to be shrivelled and inert.There are cases too advaniced for any cure except that of extraction; for example, if pyorrhoea involves as much as onie-third of the membrane from the apex, the remaining part of .theperiodontium of the tooth, being necrosed, cannot be brought to life again, so the tooth involved could niot be tightened up sufficiently to be useful for mastication, and the best treatment would be extraction.Even in such cases, however, a course of vaccine given before extraction is followed by much more rapid healing of the tissues after the operation and by less systemic disturbance.The treat- ment used before the operation acts preventively.also where infection is expected to follow surgical action.The following are typical of many cases I have treated by this method.Case 1.-A man of 56, suffering from dyspepsia, alimentary toxaemia, and a marked degree of pyorrhoea alveolaris; the mouth was fetid and pus pockets were present about all the teeth.After the first few injections the patient's general con- dition improved almost immediately.The languor headache, and dyspeptic symptoms diminished, and by the end of the course tltore was no need of further medical tretatment, the bad cdour aiid pus having disappeared.Case 2.-A young man of 23, who complained of vague rhenmatic pains, accompanied by general malaise, but with no other objective signs than pyorrhoea alveolaris.This patient's general condition also improved from the commencement of treatment, and after twelve injections the pyorrhoea was cured, and he reported that he had never felt better.
<i>HFE</i>Cys282Tyr homozygotes with serum ferritin concentrations below 1000 μg/L are at low risk of hemochromatosis
Authors: Katrina J. Allen, Nadine A. Bertalli, Nicholas J. Osborne, Clare C. Constantine, Martin B. Delatycki, Amy E. Nisselle, Amanda J. Nicoll, Dorota M. Gertig, Christine E. McLaren, Graham G. Giles, John L. Hopper, Gregory J. Anderson, John K. Olynyk, Lawrie W. Powell, Lyle C. Gurrin
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Hemochromatosis gene ( HFE )-associated hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic predisposition to iron overload and subsequent signs and symptoms of disease that potentially affects approximately 80,000 persons in Australia and almost 1 million persons in the United States. Most clinical cases are homozygous for the Cys282Tyr (C282Y) mutation in the HFE gene, with serum ferritin (SF) concentration &gt;1000 μg/L as the strongest predictor of cirrhosis. The optimal treatment regimen for those with SF concentrations above the normal range but &lt;1000 μg/L is unknown. We assessed HFE mutations in a prospective cohort of 31,192 participants of northern European descent, aged 40-69 years. An HFE -stratified random sample of 1438 participants including all C282Y homozygotes with iron studies 12 years apart were examined by physicians blinded to participants' HFE genotype. All previously undiagnosed C282Y homozygotes (35 male, 67 female) and all HFE wild-types (131 male, 160 female) with baseline and follow-up SF concentrations &lt;1000 μg/L were assessed for HH-associated signs and symptoms including abnormal second/third metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP2/3), raised liver enzymes, hepatomegaly, and self-reported liver disease, fatigue, diabetes mellitus, and use of arthritis medication. The prevalence of HH-associated signs and symptoms was similar for C282Y homozygotes and HFE wild-types for both normal and moderately elevated SF concentrations. The maximum prevalence difference between HFE genotype groups with moderately elevated SF was 11% (MCP2/3, 95% confidence interval = −6%, 29%; P = 0.22) and for normal SF was 6% (arthritis medicine use, 95% confidence interval = −3%, 16%; P = 0.11). Conclusion: Previously undiagnosed C282Y homozygotes with SF concentrations that remain below 1000 μg/L are at low risk of developing HH-associated signs and symptoms at an age when disease would be expected to have developed. These observations have implications for the management of C282Y homozygotes.
Beta agonist dose reduction in asthma
Authors: D RUFFIN;, T W HARRISON
Journal: Thorax (1999)

I write with regard to the article by Harrison et al 1 who described their findings of reducing β agonist use in asthma patients with a methodology involving placebo inhalers. This study describes an interesting design as well as interesting outcomes with an apparent reduction in β agonist use without loss of control.

There are several pieces of information which would make the article more useful in understanding how widely these results may be extrapolated. Firstly, the baseline inhaled corticosteroid use and the distribution between the two groups is important information. It would also help if the authors …
JEJUNOSTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF MASSIVE GASTRIC ULCER
Authors: O. S. Hillman
Journal: BMJ (1933)

r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOURNA published confusion becomes apparent in the interpretation of the upright wave in Lead 1.Its nature does not seem to have beeil defined by direct measurement, but several of the tracings shown are demonstrably capable of the same interpretation as is given here, and in all probability reversal of the leads would have dismissed all doubt.Preponderance of the right side is to be expected in view of the murmur, which is almost certainly of con- genital origin, and most likely indicates a septal defect.Parsons Smith, in recording two similar cases during the war, considered that their early cardiac breakdown was brought about through the relation of the right-sided heart to the solid liver, instead of to the more yielding .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~R
Novel Breast Cancer Susceptibility Locus at 9q31.2: Results of a Genome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Olivia Fletcher, Nichola Johnson, Nick Orr, Fay J. Hosking, Lorna J. Gibson, Kate Walker, Diana Zelenika, Ivo Gut, Simon Heath, Claire Palles, Ben Coupland, Peter Broderick, Minouk Schoemaker, Michael Jones, Jill Williamson, Sarah Chilcott-Burns, Katarzyna Tomczyk, Gemma Simpson, Kevin B. Jacobs, Stephen J. Chanock, David J. Hunter, Ian P. Tomlinson, Anthony Swerdlow, Alan Ashworth, Gillian Ross, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Mark Lathrop, Richard S. Houlston, Julian Peto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

Genome-wide association studies have identified several common genetic variants associated with breast cancer risk. It is likely, however, that a substantial proportion of such loci have not yet been discovered. We compared 296 114 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 1694 breast cancer case subjects (92% with two primary cancers or at least two affected first-degree relatives) and 2365 control subjects, with validation in three independent series totaling 11 880 case subjects and 12 487 control subjects. Odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in each stage and all stages combined were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Cochran Q and I 2 statistics. All statistical tests were two-sided. We identified a novel risk locus for breast cancer at 9q31.2 (rs865686: OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.85 to 0.92, P = 1.75 × 10−10). This single-nucleotide polymorphism maps to a gene desert, the nearest genes being Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4, 636 kb centromeric), RAD23 homolog B (RAD23B, 794 kb centromeric), and actin-like 7A (ACTL7A, 736 kb telomeric). We also identified two variants (rs3734805 and rs9383938) mapping to 6q25.1 estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), which were associated with breast cancer in subjects of northern European ancestry (rs3734805: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.27, P = 1.35 × 10−7; rs9383938: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.26, P = 1.41 × 10−7). A variant mapping to 10q26.13, approximately 300 kb telomeric to the established risk locus within the second intron of FGFR2, was also associated with breast cancer risk, although not at genome-wide statistical significance (rs10510102: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.17, P = 1.58 × 10−6). These findings provide further evidence on the role of genetic variation in the etiology of breast cancer. Fine mapping will be needed to identify causal variants and to determine their functional effects.
Youth Psychopathology and Family Process Research
Authors: LEONARD HOLLANDER, EMIL KARP
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The authors examine methods and summarize outcomes of interaction studies on the families of disturbed youths. Their own series of experiments is designed to yield interaction and perception measures using comparison groups of nonclinic and clinic famiies, with subcategories of clinic families based on the psychopathology of the youngster.
Human B cell variants immunoselected against a single Ia antigen subset have lost expression of several Ia antigen subsets.
Authors: R S Accolla
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Two monoclonal antibodies, D1-12 and BT 2.2, recognizing two distinct subsets of human Ia molecules, NG1 and NG2, respectively, present in all individuals irrespective of their HLA-DR phenotype, have been used to immunoselect cell variants from the lymphoblastoid cell line Raji. Results showed that, irrespective of the monoclonal antibody used for immunoselection, the cell variants analyzed in this study had lost the expression of both D1-12-and BT 2.2-specific antigenic determinants. Moreover, the expression of antigenic determinants specific for a third family of Ia molecules, the DC-1 subset, were also lost in the cell variants. In contrast, expression of HLA A, B, and C common structures, as recognized by the W6.32 monoclonal antibody, as well as expression of surface immunoglobulins, were not affected. Possible mechanisms inducing such a coordinate loss of expression of several families of human Ia molecules are discussed.
13C urea breath test
Authors: J E Thomas
Journal: Gut (1998)

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of chronic bacterial infection in humans, and is associated with many diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The prevalence of infection rises with age, and in most cases colonisation probably begins during childhood.1 The modes of acquisition of infection and the evolution of disease associations must therefore be studied in childhood, which means that reliable non-invasive diagnostic techniques are required. The most widely used minimally invasive tool is IgG serodiagnosis, and although this does perform well among adults and older children with established infection, it may not be accurate in younger children.2 Stable isotope techniques may therefore prove to be more useful in early life.

In order to investigate the use of stable isotope techniques for diagnosing H pylori infection, particularly in childhood, a group of collaborators throughout Europe was established under the BIOMED initiative. The principal aims of this group were: 



The progress made in achieving these aims is summarised in this short review and in the following abstracts.

Two stable isotope substrates are available to look at urea hydrolysis—15N urea and 13C urea. Tests using these rely upon gastric hydrolysis of labelled urea by H pylori urease, and subsequent recovery of label in expired CO2 or urinary nitrogen. Although 15N urea urine tests have been described,3 there is little experience of their use in childhood. The group working in Leipzig have shown that this non-invasive test is acceptable among young children, and …
OSTEOPLASTIC CLOSURE OF CAVITIES IN BONE
Authors: C. J. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1919)

WAA surgery has no more frequent late operation thai "s.uestrotomy," despite the generalized use of the i'adica wouiqd excision.In a ma ority of cases the remova of sequestra will complete the lealino of the woundt bu tlArl is a percentage in whichi the ", bone cavity " arise: as. an entity of clinical importanco.Cavities are, of course left after the removal of all sequestra embedded in callus thme-iqne cavity js such a cavity as will not becom .oblitexatedby.natural means..T4e problem of closure of such cavities did not looln very lange in pre-war days and tended to become less and Less omsinent as prompter and more radical metlhods o: tien ment were brought to iear upon the causal conditions -.f example, acute infective osteomyelitis.Chronic smpyema presents the same difficulties-the cavity witli vigid infected walls-and modes of treatment of thie one are in principle applicable to the other.
Bilateral Acute Depigmentation of the Iris: Report of 26 New Cases and Four-year Follow-up of Two Patients
Authors: Ilknur Tugal-Tutkun, Bilge Araz, Muhittin Taskapili, Yonca A. Akova, Züleyha Yalniz-Akkaya, Nilüfer Berker, Sinan Emre, Acun Gezer
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
X-Sizer for Thrombectomy in Acute Myocardial Infarction Improves ST-Segment Resolution
Authors: Thierry Lefèvre, Eulegio Garcia, Bernhard Reimers, Iréne Lang, Carlo di Mario, Antonio Colombo, Franz-Joseph Neumann, Mariano Valdés Chavarri, Philippe Brunel, Eberhart Grube, Martin Thomas, Bernard Glatt, Joseph Ludwig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Postconditioning: Reduction of reperfusion-induced injury
Authors: Z ZHAO, J VINTENJOHANSEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Reperfusion has the potential to introduce additional injury that is not evident at the end of ischaemia per se, i.e. reperfusion injury. Reperfusion injury is expressed as endothelial and microvascular dysfunction, impaired blood flow, metabolic dysfunction, cellular necrosis, and apoptosis. There is an impressive array of mechanisms contributing to reperfusion injury. Postconditioning, defined as brief periods of reperfusion alternating with re-occlusion applied during the very early minutes of reperfusion, mechanically alters the hydrodynamics of early reperfusion. However, postconditioning also stimulates endogenous mechanisms that attenuate the multiple manifestations of reperfusion injury listed above. These mechanisms include ligands, such as adenosine and opioids, that act as proximal triggers to stimulate molecular pathways involving mediators such as protein kinase C, mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels, and survival kinases. Postconditioning may also inhibit deleterious pathways such as p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and attenuate the damage to endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes from oxidants, cytokines, proteases, and inflammatory cells. Postconditioning has been shown to inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Hence, postconditioning marshals a variety of endogenous mechanisms that operate at numerous levels and target a broad range of pathological mechanisms. Two clinical studies in patients with acute myocardial infarction have demonstrated that postconditioning was effective in reducing infarct size. Postconditioning indirectly supports the concept of reperfusion injury in animal models of ischaemia-reperfusion and in patients, and exerts cardioprotection that is equivalent to that of ischaemic preconditioning.
Meningococcal group C disease in Greece during 1993–2006: the impact of an unofficial single-dose vaccination scheme adopted by most paediatricians
Authors: D.A. Kafetzis, K.N. Stamboulidis, G. Tzanakaki, J. Kourea Kremastinou, C.L. Skevaki, A. Konstantopoulos, M. Tsolia
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
Articular manifestations of familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Authors: G Mathon, C Gagne, D Brun, P J Lupien, S Moorjani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Familial hypercholesterolaemia is characterised by a decreased removal of low density lipoproteins and premature coronary artery disease. Tendinous xanthomata are a hallmark of the disease. The affected joints may also be the sites of inflammation and pain. Arthropathy has been associated mainly with the homozygous form of familial hypercholesterolaemia, but it is also known to occur in the heterozygous form. We report on the articular manifestations in 73 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. About 40% of these patients had at least one episode of articular symptoms. The observed articular manifestations may be classified into four types: Achilles pain (18%), Achilles tendinitis (11%), oligoarticular arthritis (7%), polyarticular or rheumatic fever-like arthritis (4%). It is concluded that in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia articular manifestations are frequent, diverse, and may be the first symptom of this metabolic disorder.
Vitiligo: peripheral T-cell subset imbalance as defined by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: P. SOUBIRAN, S. BENZAKEN, C. BELLET, J. P. LACOUR, J. P. ORTONNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Vitiligo: peripheral T‐cell subset imbalance as defined by monoclonal antibodies Get access P. SOUBIRAN, P. SOUBIRAN INSERM U 210, Laboratoire d'Immunoiogie, Faculté de Médecine, Nice Dr P. Soubiran, U 210 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 06034 Nice Cédex, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. BENZAKEN, S. BENZAKEN INSERM U 210, Laboratoire d'Immunoiogie, Faculté de Médecine, Nice Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. BELLET, C. BELLET INSERM U 210, Laboratoire d'Immunoiogie, Faculté de Médecine, Nice Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. LACOUR, J. P. LACOUR Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. ORTONNE J. P. ORTONNE Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue s28, 1 July 1985, Pages 124–127, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb15640.x Published: 01 July 1985
Diverticulum of the Pericardium
Authors: LOUIS FAUGERES BISHOP, PAUL A. KIRSCHNER, THEODORE PESSAR
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A case of true diverticulum of the pericardium is reported, with a review of the literature. A cure was effected by excision of the cystic pericardial diverticulum. Consideration of the etiology of true pericardial diverticulum is given, and possible explanation for accumulation of the fluid is suggested.
Inconsistencies in Findings From the Early Lung Cancer Action Project Studies of Lung Cancer Screening
Authors: P. B. Bach
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

Long-standing guidelines against screening high-risk individuals for lung cancer may change following the publication of the randomized National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), which shows a benefit of computed tomography compared with chest x-ray screening. Guideline panels will likely also seek additional information from nonrandomized studies of computed tomography screening, such as the Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP). However, for the ELCAP findings to be incorporated into new guidelines, some inconsistencies in the published data should first be resolved. Specifically, some of the reports from ELCAP appear to contradict others in terms of important endpoints, and several findings from ELCAP appear to be statistically improbable or outliers when compared with analyses and studies by other research groups. Clarification of both internal and external inconsistencies is a prerequisite for evaluation of the body of work published by ELCAP investigators.
Pulmonary infiltration after exposure to home renovation dust: histopathology and microanalysis.
Authors: K Anderson, C P McSharry, G P Morris, C H Cameron, D McLellan, D R Vernon
Journal: Thorax (1996)

A subacute self-resolving illness associated with bilateral pulmonary infiltration developed in a patient following renovation in her home. This may have been related to exposure to silicaceous plaster dust which was found in an environmental sample as well as on microanalysis of a transbronchial lung biopsy specimen and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Calpain inhibition prevents pacing-induced cellular remodeling in a HL-1 myocyte model for atrial fibrillation
Authors: B BRUNDEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive disease. Previously, clinical and animal experimental studies in AF revealed a variety of myocyte remodeling processes including L-type Ca2+ channel reduction and structural changes, which finally result in electrical remodeling and contractile dysfunction. There are indications that myocyte remodeling is mediated by Ca2+ overload induced calpain activation. To study in more detail the mechanisms underlying myocyte remodeling and to develop strategies for drug-interference, we utilised a paced cell model for AF. Methods and results: HL-1 atrial myocytes were subjected to a 10 times increase in rate over basal values by electrical field stimulation at 5 Hz. It was found that 24-h pacing reduced plasmalemmal levels of L-type Ca2+ channel α1C subunit by −72% compared to controls. No changes in amount of the potassium channel subunits Kv4.3 and Kv1.5 were found. Pacing also induced marked structural changes; myolysis and nuclear condensation, paralleled by a 14-fold increase in calpain activity. The pacing-induced reduction of L-type Ca2+ channel protein was fully prevented by treatment with verapamil, the active stereoisomer of methoxyverapamil D600, the calpain inhibitors PD150606 and E64d, and LaCl3. Interestingly, PD150606, E64d and LaCl3, but not (methoxy)verapamil, prevented structural changes. Conclusions: Paced HL-1 atrial myocytes undergo myocyte remodeling similar to that found in myocytes from patients with AF. Calcium influx independent of the L-type Ca2+ channel and subsequent activation of calpain represent key features in the progression towards overt structural changes. Calpain inhibition may therefore represent a useful lead for therapeutic intervention in AF.