tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Azathioprine for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis.
Authors: G. C. Bernhard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Evaluation of Azathioprine for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis.G. C. Bernhard, M.D., F.A.C.P.G. C. Bernhard, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-802_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAzathioprine has been reported to be helpful in suppressing the renal destruction of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fourteen patients with SLE who had definite renal involvement were treated with 3 mg/kg body weight of azathioprine and the least dose of prednisone necessary to control extrarenal manifestations of the disease. Lupus nephritis was diagnosed from the urine sediment, quantitative proteinuria, and renal biopsy. The majority of patients had a repeat biopsy at the end of 6 to 12 months of therapy. Serum complement, beta10complement, and antinuclear factor titers were followed serially as were renal function studies. Ten patients showed clinical... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: G. C. Bernhard, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Milwaukee, Wis. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAzathioprine plus Prednisone Compared with Prednisone Alone in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Report of a Prospective Controlled Trial in 24 PatientsBEVRA H. HAHN, M.D., OWEN S. KANTOR, M.D., C. KIRK OSTERLAND, M.D.Azathioprine in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. A controlled study 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 802-802KeywordsBiopsyBody weightLupus erythematosusLupus nephritisProteinuriaRenal diseasesRenal systemUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Plasma Aldosterone in Terminal Renal Failure
Authors: PETER WEIDMANN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Plasma aldosterone concentrations in 27 patients with terminal renal failure ranged from subnormal to excessively elevated values and correlated significantly with plasma renin activity and potassium levels combined (r = 0.89; P < 0.001). The aldosterone level was significantly higher in patients with uncontrollable hypertension who responded to bilateral nephrectomy (Group 3) than in normotensive patients (Group 1) or in patients with hypertension treatable by sodium-volume depletion (Group 2); overlap of values between Groups 1 or 2 and Group 3 was minimal when hyperand hypo-kalemic patients were excluded. Nephrectomy was associated with disappearance of plasma renin activity and marked decrease in aldosterone. The data indicate that in terminal renal failure plasma aldosterone is largely regulated by the complementary effects of the renin-angiotensin system and potassium, the former remaining an important factor despite severe renal damage. In normokalemic terminal renal failure, plasma aldosterone correlates well with plasma renin activity in selecting those patients who require bilateral nephrectomy for hypertension.
Counterpoint: The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Is Superfluous
Authors: Mayer B. Davidson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been used in clinical medicine for nearly 90 years (1). As heretical as this may sound, it is time for it to be retired. It no longer provides unique and important clinical information that cannot be obtained by other means. The main reason for performing it is to diagnose impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or diabetes by virtue of the 2-h value (2,3). Both of these are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (4,5), and IGT predicts the development of diabetes (6). However, abnormal carbohydrate metabolism is only one of a number of risk factors for CVD, the combination of which is termed the insulin resistance syndrome. Clinically, the insulin resistance syndrome is diagnosed if three of the following five risk factors for CVD are present: central obesity (waist circumference >88 cm in women and >102 cm in men), elevated triglyceride concentrations (>1.7 mmol/l or 150 mg/dl), decreased HDL cholesterol levels (<1.0 mmol/l or 40 mg/dl in men, <1.3 mmol/l or 50 mg/dl in women), hypertension, and hyperglycemia (impaired fasting glucose, IGT, or diabetes) (7).

Two articles in this issue of Diabetes Care demonstrate that the 2-h value on the OGTT adds nothing (8) or very little (9) for identifying CVD risk if the other risk factors are taken into account. Stern et al. (8) followed 2,662 Mexican Americans and 1,595 non-Hispanic whites who were between 25 and 64 years of age and did not have diabetes or CVD at baseline for 7–8 years. Addition of 2-h glucose values from the OGTT to models incorporating readily available CVD risk factors did not improve their power to predict CVD. More specifically, further unpublished analysis of these data revealed that if 1,000 people were screened for CVD risk factors and those …
When Does Diabetes Start?
Authors: Christopher D. Saudek
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Diabetes causes multiple metabolic defects, and its complications attack multiple organ systems. But it is frustratingly difficult to pin down a specific link between these metabolic derangements and long-term complications. The venerable "control and complications controversy" persists because we keep looking for one answer, one simple relationship between glycemic control and diabetic complications. But why should the relationship be simple or linear? Why should the product of blood glucose and time necessarily cause, equally, such diverse end-organ damage as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and accelerated atherosclerosis? Factors other than blood glucose are almost certainly involved. It should not be surprising, then, that obesity, blood pressure, high serum lipid levels, and family history play a significant role in macrovascular complications. Coexisting risk factors are especially relevant in type II, non—insulin-dependent diabetes, because this disease confers the most risk for accelerated atherosclerosis and the risk is most difficult to correlate specifically with glycemia.
Abstract 1076: Antagonists of the chemokine receptor CCR4 reverse the tumor-promoting microenvironment of renal cancer
Authors: Chiara Berlato, Moddasar N. Kahn, Tiziana Schioppa, Richard Thompson, Eleni Maniati, Monica Canosa, Hagen Kulbe, Chris Sheldon, Keith Wreggett, Urs Hagemann, Alexander Duncan, Laura Fletcher, Robert W. Wilkinson, Thomas Powles, Sergio Quezada, Frances Balkwill
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Tumor microenvironments posses complex chemokine networks that contribute to the extent and phenotype of the host infiltrate. Malignant cells may gain functional chemokine receptors, often as a consequence of oncogenic mutations, allowing them to respond to distant chemokine gradients during metastasis. The chemokine receptor CCR4 was highly expressed in human renal cell carcinoma, RCC, biopsies and RCC patient plasma had abnormal levels of CCR4 ligands. However, during pre-clinical evaluation of CCR4 as a target in RCC, we found that both a small molecule CCR4 inhibitor and an anti-CCR4 antagonistic antibody had unexpected and novel anti-tumor activity in the mouse RCC RENCA model. CCR4 antagonists did not reduce the proportion of infiltrating leukocytes in the tumor microenvironment but altered the phenotype of myeloid cells, increased NK cells and Th1 cytokine levels, as well as reducing splenic MDSC infiltrate, and blood chemokine levels. Although the most prominent changes were in the myeloid compartment, anti-tumor activity was lost in athymic mice, supporting a role for the adaptive immune system in CCR4 antagonist action. CCR4 antagonists, alone, or in combination with other immune modulators, may be of interest in human cancers with high levels of tumor CCR4 and abnormal plasma CCR4 ligand levels. Citation Format: Chiara Berlato, Moddasar N. Kahn, Tiziana Schioppa, Richard Thompson, Eleni Maniati, Monica Canosa, Hagen Kulbe, Chris Sheldon, Keith Wreggett, Urs Hagemann, Alexander Duncan, Laura Fletcher, Robert W. Wilkinson, Thomas Powles, Sergio Quezada, Frances Balkwill. Antagonists of the chemokine receptor CCR4 reverse the tumor-promoting microenvironment of renal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1076. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1076
Identification Of Ige-mediated Drug Allergy In Patients With Adverse Drug Reactions Categorized By World Health Organization-the Uppsala Monitoring Centre (who-umc) System
Authors: C. Tantikul, N. Dhana, K. Jongjareornprasert, S. Rithikot, N. Visitsunthorn, P. Vichyanond, O. Jirapongsananuruk
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
SURGERY OF THE SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NERVEIN SPASMODIC DISEASE OF THE LARYNX.Read in the Section of Laryngology and Otology at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: J. P. CREVELING
Journal: JAMA (1890)

The operation of which I am about to speak is one, as far as I know, new in surgery of the larynx, and one of sufficient severity to preclude its performance except in very rare cases where all other means afford no relief, and when the disease is sufficiently severe, as to render the life of the patient so uncomfortable that any procedure, however grave, if it presents even a prospective chance for relief, becomes justifiable and proper. It will be seen later on that the merit of the operation is based on the result of two cases only, one of which was seriously complicated. It will also be seen that in the first instance the manifestation of the laryngeal disturbance was not confined to that organ alone but reflected to the lungs, producing asthmatic breathing, not very severe, but enough to give annoyance and excite apprehension. It was
Let-7 microRNAs Regenerate Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Targeting Nerve Growth Factor
Authors: Shiying Li, Xinghui Wang, Yun Gu, Chu Chen, Yaxian Wang, Jie Liu, Wen Hu, Bin Yu, Yongjun Wang, Fei Ding, Yan Liu, Xiaosong Gu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical problem. Nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes peripheral nerve regeneration, but its clinical applications are limited by several constraints. In this study, we found that the time-dependent expression profiles of eight let-7 family members in the injured nerve after sciatic nerve injury were roughly similar to each other. Let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly reduced cell proliferation and migration of primary Schwann cells (SCs) by directly targeting NGF and suppressing its protein translation. Following sciatic nerve injury, the temporal change in let-7 miRNA expression was negatively correlated with that in NGF expression. Inhibition of let-7 miRNAs increased NGF secretion by primary cultured SCs and enhanced axonal outgrowth from a coculture of primary SCs and dorsal root gangalion neurons. In vivo tests indicated that let-7 inhibition promoted SCs migration and axon outgrowth within a regenerative microenvironment. In addition, the inhibitory effect of let-7 miRNAs on SCs apoptosis might serve as an early stress response to nerve injury, but this effect seemed to be not mediated through a NGF-dependent pathway. Collectively, our results provide a new insight into let-7 miRNA regulation of peripheral nerve regeneration and suggest a potential therapy for repair of peripheral nerve injury. Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical problem. Nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes peripheral nerve regeneration, but its clinical applications are limited by several constraints. In this study, we found that the time-dependent expression profiles of eight let-7 family members in the injured nerve after sciatic nerve injury were roughly similar to each other. Let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly reduced cell proliferation and migration of primary Schwann cells (SCs) by directly targeting NGF and suppressing its protein translation. Following sciatic nerve injury, the temporal change in let-7 miRNA expression was negatively correlated with that in NGF expression. Inhibition of let-7 miRNAs increased NGF secretion by primary cultured SCs and enhanced axonal outgrowth from a coculture of primary SCs and dorsal root gangalion neurons. In vivo tests indicated that let-7 inhibition promoted SCs migration and axon outgrowth within a regenerative microenvironment. In addition, the inhibitory effect of let-7 miRNAs on SCs apoptosis might serve as an early stress response to nerve injury, but this effect seemed to be not mediated through a NGF-dependent pathway. Collectively, our results provide a new insight into let-7 miRNA regulation of peripheral nerve regeneration and suggest a potential therapy for repair of peripheral nerve injury.
Elastosis Perforans Serpiginosa—A Diagnostic Measure
Authors: Robert A. Main, Vinay K. Dave, Anthony J. Carr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article Elastosis Perforans Serpiginosa—A Diagnostic Measure Get access Robert A. Main, Robert A. Main Departments of Dermatology and Pathology University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vinay K. Dave, Vinay K. Dave Departments of Dermatology and Pathology University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anthony J. Carr Anthony J. Carr Departments of Dermatology and Pathology University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 85, Issue 2, 1 August 1971, Pages 195–196, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb07212.x Published: 01 August 1971
From granuloma to fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases: molecular and cellular interactions
Authors: J.F. Mornex, C. Leroux, T. Greenland, D. Ecochard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Granuloma is a feature of many chronic interstitial lung diseases, and may serve as a focus for subsequent fibrosis. Granulomas are composed of structured masses of cells of the macrophage lineage, which adopt an epithelioid aspect, interspersed with lymphocytes. They are formed around local centres of irritation. During their resolution, fibroblasts congregate around the structures and may penetrate the interior. In many cases, granulomas can disappear without leaving lasting traces. However, especially when damage has occurred to the surrounding tissue, permanent scarring and fibrosis may occur. Both types of cell present in the granuloma are capable of secreting a number of factors influencing the accumulation and proliferation of fibroblasts, both positively and negatively. The possible roles played by the different factors and, especially, interactions between them are discussed in the light of fibrosis formation. Possible therapeutic interventions are summarized.
Two types of mouse T helper cell. IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones.
Authors: D F Fiorentino, M W Bond, T R Mosmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

A cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF) is secreted by Th2 clones in response to Con A or antigen stimulation, but is absent in supernatants from Con A-induced Th1 clones. CSIF can inhibit the production of IL-2, IL-3, lymphotoxin (LT)/TNF, IFN-gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) by Th1 cells responding to antigen and APC, but Th2 cytokine synthesis is not significantly affected. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) also inhibits IFN-gamma production, although less effectively than CSIF, whereas IL-2 and IL-4 partially antagonize the activity of CSIF. CSIF inhibition of cytokine synthesis is not complete, since early cytokine synthesis (before 8 h) is not significantly affected, whereas later synthesis is strongly inhibited. In the presence of CSIF, IFN-gamma mRNA levels are reduced slightly at 8, and strongly at 12 h after stimulation. Inhibition of cytokine expression by CSIF is not due to a general reduction in Th1 cell viability, since actin mRNA levels were not reduced, and proliferation of antigen-stimulated cells in response to IL-2, was unaffected. Biochemical characterization, mAbs, and recombinant or purified cytokines showed that CSIF is distinct from IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IFN-gamma, GM-CSF, TGF-beta, TNF, LT, and P40. The potential role of CSIF in crossregulation of Th1 and Th2 responses is discussed.
Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac anatomy and function in hypertensive subjects.
Authors: D D Savage, J I Drayer, W L Henry, E C Mathews, J H Ware, J M Gardin, E R Cohen, S E Epstein, J H Laragh
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Cardiovascular complications are a major source of morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. To assess the prevalence of anatomic and functional abnormalities of the heart in such patients, we studied 234 asymptomatic subjects with mild-to-moderate systemic hypertension by echocardiography. After adjusting the echocardiographic values for age and body surface area, we found abnormally increased ventricular septal and/or posterobasal free-wall thickness in 61% of the hypertensive subjects. We found increased left atrial, aortic root, and left ventricular internal dimension (at end-diastole) in 5-7%, and decreased mitral valve closing velocity (E-F slope) and left ventricular ejection fraction were noted in six and 15% of the subjects, respectively. Four percent of the patients had disproportionate septal thickening (i.e., ventricular septal-to-left ventricular free-wall thickness ratio greater than or equal to 1.3). In contrast to the high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities detected by echocardiography, less than 10% of the hypertensive subjects had abnormal 12-lead ECGs or abnormal chest x-rays. These findings demonstrate a high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in a population of asymptomatic hypertensive subjects. These abnormalities can be detected by echocardiography before they are otherwise apparent.
A novel celecoxib derivative, OSU03012, induces cytotoxicity in primary CLL cells and transformed B-cell lymphoma cell line via a caspase- and Bcl-2–independent mechanism
Authors: Amy J. Johnson, Lisa L. Smith, Jiuxiang Zhu, Nyla A. Heerema, Sara Jefferson, Andrew Mone, Michael Grever, Ching-Shih Chen, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2004)
Internal Hydrocephalus complicating Pneumococcal Meningitis Treated with Penicillin after Sulphonamides
Authors: R. E. Rewell
Journal: BMJ (1945)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA BRITISII 119 present, and a positive Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's neck sign were found.The C.N.S. showed normal cranial nerves and reflexes apart from absent abdominals.No abnormality was detected clinically in the chest, cardiovascular system, abdomen, throat, or eardrums, and the urine was normal.Lumbar puncture on admission revealed a turbid C.S.F.under pressure: cells, 600 per c.mm., of which 66% were polymorphs; protein, 100 mg. per 100 c.cm.-globulin test positive; sugar, present but reduced; chlorides, 680 mg. per 100 c.cm. Microscopy showed numerous extraand intra-cellular diplococci.Culture yielded a pure growth of N. meningitidis which proved sensitive to penicillin and sulphonamides.A blood count done at the same time showed R.B.C. 4,650,000 per c.mm., Hb 12.5 g.%, W.B.C. 16,200 per c.mm., of which polymorphonuclear cells comprised 59%, lymphocytes 29%, and monocytes 12%.Shortly after being admitted the child had a convulsion and was comatose.As an alternative to intramuscular sulphonamide a request was made for, penicillin.This was supplied and an intra- muscular drip set up containing 67,500 units in 16 fl.oz. of 0.9%/, saline.The temperature was then 101.5', pulse 122.Overnight the temperature rose to 103'.Owing to poor absorption only 23,000 units were given in the first 24 hours after the drip was started.During the second period of 24 hours 112,000 units were given, made up in 0.45% saline, about 8 fl.oz.being used.The patient was now taking fluids by mouth.At this time the urine contained acetone and reduced Benedict's reagent fully.
Multisystem disease in post-streptococcal arthritis.
Authors: A Livneh, K Sharma, K L Sewell, H D Keiser
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

The case presented is of a patient with migratory polyarthritis and serological evidence of a recent streptococcal infection, consistent with the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever, who in addition had multisystem disease manifestations. This case supports the concept that the sequelae of streptococcal infection can encompass a broader clinical spectrum than is suggested by the Jones criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever.
Screening and confirmation methods of the major urinary metabolite of finasteride–carboxy-finasteride by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jianli Zhang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Screening and confirmation methods of the major urinary metabolite of finasteride–carboxy-finasteride for doping control purpose were developed. Liquid–liquid extraction was adopted for the sample preparation. Analytes were detected by positive electrospray ionization in single quadrupole and triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. In the screening method, selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to monitor m/z 403 for carboxy-finasteride. In the confirmation method, product ion mode was used to monitor the precursor ion m/z 403. The limit of detection was below 2 ng/mL for the screening method. Good linearity was obtained in the range 10.0–500.0 ng/mL. The intra-run and inter-run precision calculated from quality control (QC) samples was less than 5.3%. The accuracy as determined from QC samples was within ±6.6%. The screening method was applied for the analysis of excretion samples, allowing the detection of carboxy-finasteride for up to 49 h in urine specimen collected after an oral administration of 5 mg of finasteride.
Near Death in Twins, Reported 22 Years Ago-Reply
Authors: Leland Speer
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —Drs Bass and Hass have raised some interesting questions related to the young men who came so close to death 22 years ago. Research into hyperthermia as a possible cause of cases reported as SIDS should be encouraged.  One of the pleasant surprises here is the happy family. The mother has practically canonized those who she feels saved her boys. These young men are happy, well, and gainfully employed. Though retarded, they recently received high school diplomas and have worked for over 3 years at a fast-food restaurant operating the hamburger patty-making machine. The mother is proud that her boys were chosen to teach new employees how to operate the machine. The retardation in these cases raises another question about when and how. Was it the apnea during this episode or was it due to their prematurity and low birth weight (1400 g and 1288 g)?  Alas, more
Scintigraphic Hot Nodules and Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: G R NAGAI, W C PITTS, L BASSO, J A CISCO, I R McDOUGALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Three patients who had hot nodules on I-123 scan were found to have thyroid cancers in the nodule. Two of the cancers were follicular, one was a follicular variant of papillary cancer.