tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Platelet Survival and Sequestration Patterns and Thrombocytopenic Disorders.
Authors: M. Robert Cooper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Platelet Survival and Sequestration Patterns and Thrombocytopenic Disorders.M. Robert Cooper, M.D., Keith S. Hansen, C. Douglas Maynard, M.D., Charles L. Spurr, M.D., F.A.C.P.M. Robert Cooper, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Keith S. HansenSearch for more papers by this author, C. Douglas Maynard, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Charles L. Spurr, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-795_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIsotopic labeling of platelets was used to study the survival and sequestration patterns in patients with various thrombocytopenic disorders. Prognostic factors for splenectomy were determined. ABO Rh compatible pooled isologous platelet concentrates were labeled with51Cr and infused intravenously. Simultaneous scans of the spleen and liver were obtained by use of the Anger camera and 1600 Channel Analyzer. Geometrically equivalent areas of51Cr activity were counted over the spleen and liver and ratios obtained at various time intervals. Platelet counts and51Cr platelet activity were determined at appropriate intervals. Splenectomy was performed on 12 of 22 patients, all of whom... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. Robert Cooper, M.D.; Keith S. Hansen; C. Douglas Maynard, M.D.; Charles L. Spurr, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Winston-Salem, N.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 795-795KeywordsLiverPlateletsSpleenSplenectomy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Ventilatory Mechanics and Gas Exchange during Exercise before and after Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
Authors: EDDA M. TSCHERNKO, EVA M. GRUBER, PETER JAKSCH, OLIVER JANDRASITS, URSULA JANTSCH, THOMAS BRACK, HEINZ LAHRMANN, WALTER KLEPETKO, THEODOR WANKE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Many patients with emphysema are able to meet ventilatory demands during resting conditions, but they show severe limitations during exercise. To examine the effect of lung volume reduction (LVR) surgery on exercise performance and the mechanism of possible improvement, we measured ventilatory mechanics (pulmonary resistance [Rl], work of breathing [WOB], dynamic intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEPi,dyn], peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR]), breathing pattern, oxygen uptake (V˙ o 2), and carbon dioxide removal (V˙ co 2) at rest and during cycle ergometry in eight patients before and 3 mo after LVR surgery. Ventilatory mechanics were evaluated assessing esophageal pressure and air flow. Three months after LVR surgery, the tolerated workload was doubled when compared with the preoperative value (p < 0.0005), associated with a reduction of Rl (p < 0.05), PEEPi,dyn (p < 0.005), and WOB (p < 0.005) at comparable workloads. Maximal ventilatory capacity and maximal tidal volume (Vt) increased significantly (p < 0.01). Maximal V˙ o 2 increased from 474 ± 23 to 601 ± 16 ml/min (p < 0.005) and maximal V˙ co 2 from 401 ± 13 to 558 ± 21 ml/min (p < 0.005), though no significant difference at comparable workloads could be observed. In conclusion, emphysema surgery leads to an improvement of ventilatory mechanics at rest and during exercise. Higher maximal Vt and minute ventilation were observed, resulting in improvement of maximal V˙ o 2 and V˙ co 2 and exercise capacity.
Herpes simplex infections in pemphigus: an indication for urgent viral studies and specific antiviral therapy
Authors: MARIE M. OGILVIE, M. KESSELER, BARBARA J. LEPPARD, P. GOODWIN, J. E. WHITE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Four cases of herpes simplex virus infection in exacerbations of pemphigus are described. Three of these patients had severe generalized infection requiring systemic anti-viral therapy. The presenting features, methods for rapid viral diagnosis and appropriate treatment are discussed.
Effect of a novel potent platelet-activating factor antagonist, modipafant, in clinical asthma.
Authors: L M Kuitert, R M Angus, N C Barnes, P J Barnes, M F Bone, K F Chung, A J Fairfax, T W Higenbotham, B J O'Connor, B Piotrowska
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF), proposed as an important inflammatory mediator in asthma, reproduces several of the features of asthma, such as microvascular leakage, mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, and possibly increased airway responsiveness. Modipafant (UK-80,067) is the (+)-enantiomer of UK-74,505, a potent and specific PAF antagonist. We have assessed the effect of modipafant over 28 d in adult subjects with moderately severe asthma in a placebo-controlled parallel group study. A total of 218 patients with asthma were enrolled into the single-blind run-in, of whom 120 (93 males and 27 females, mean age 41.0 yr) entered the double-blind treatment phase after demonstrating symptomatic asthma in the final week of the single-blind run-in phase. Patients could take up to 1600 micrograms inhaled corticosteroid and an inhaled beta 2 agonist as rescue medication. A total of 59 patients with asthma took modipafant (one 50 mg capsule twice daily), and 61 took matched placebo. There was no significant difference between placebo and modipafant in diurnal variation in PEF, morning and evening PEF, clinic FEV1, rescue bronchodilator usage, symptom score, or airway responsiveness. We previously showed that the racemate UK-74,505 had no effect on antigen challenge, and this study shows that the active (+)-enantiomer modipafant has no effect in chronic asthma. This suggests that PAF is not an important mediator in asthma.
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression During Murine Embryogenesis
Authors: Anouk-Martine Teichert, Jeremy A. Scott, G. Brett Robb, Yu-Qing Zhou, Su-Ning Zhu, Melissa Lem, Angela Keightley, Brent M. Steer, Andre C. Schuh, S. Lee Adamson, Myron I. Cybulsky, Philip A. Marsden
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

To elucidate the role of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)-derived NO during mammalian embryogenesis, we assessed the expression of the eNOS gene during development. Using transgenic eNOS promoter/reporter mice (with beta-galactosidase and green fluorescent protein reporters), in situ cRNA hybridization, and immunohistochemistry to assess transcription, steady-state mRNA levels, and protein expression, respectively, we noted that eNOS expression in the developing cardiovascular system was highly restricted to endothelial cells of medium- and large-sized arteries and the endocardium. The onset of transcription of the native eNOS gene and reporters coincided with the establishment of robust, unidirectional blood flow at embryonic day 9.5, as assessed by Doppler ultrasound biomicroscopy. Interestingly, reporter transgene expression and native eNOS mRNA were also observed in discrete regions of the developing skeletal musculature and the apical ectodermal ridge of developing limbs, suggesting a role for eNOS-derived NO in limb development. In vitro studies of promoter/reporter constructs indicated that similar eNOS promoter regions operate in both embryonic skeletal muscle and vascular endothelial cells. In summary, transcriptional activity of the eNOS gene in the murine circulatory system occurred following the establishment of embryonic blood flow. Thus, the eNOS gene is a late-onset gene in endothelial ontogeny.
Heterotrimeric G proteins physically associated with the lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 modulate both in vivo and in vitro responses to lipopolysaccharide.
Authors: K R Solomon, E A Kurt-Jones, R A Saladino, A M Stack, I F Dunn, M Ferretti, D Golenbock, G R Fleisher, R W Finberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggering of cytokine production from monocytes/macrophages is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The major monocyte/macrophage LPS receptor is the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein CD14. Here we demonstrate that CD14 coimmunoprecipitates with Gi/Go heterotrimeric G proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that heterotrimeric G proteins specifically regulate CD14-mediated, LPS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and cytokine production in normal human monocytes and cultured cells. We report here that a G protein binding peptide protects rats from LPS-induced mortality, suggesting a functional linkage between a GPI-anchored receptor and the intracellular signaling molecules with which it is physically associated.
Infectious Mononucleosis In Athletes
Authors: George A. Sheehan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Any discussion of the etiology of infectious mononucleosis (<b>219</b>:897,1972) must give some consideration to its almost epidemic occurrence in athletes who have been trained excessively, and where particular coaches are known for their strenuous training programs. This does suggest that infectious mononucleosis is related to stress and may indeed be another autoimmune disease. While mononucleosis is not supposed to recur, frank recurrences are fairly frequent and many patients report symptoms similar to the original attack while under stress conditions. The signs and symptoms of "staleness" in an athlete, fatigue, rash, swollen glands, joint pains, poor attention span, sleep disturbances and loss of appetite, parallel remarkably those of mononucleosis. In my experience, many distance runners clearly relate overtraining to development of either respiratory or mononucleosis-like symptoms.
The Emergency Care of the VIP Patient
Authors: M S Smith, R F Shesser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

The unexpected arrival of an influential person at a hospital's emergency department is an occasional event for which personnel at all levels of the emergency care system must be prepared. The issues raised by the psychiatric care of celebrities have been well elucidated,1 2 3 4 5 but little has been written about the medical, administrative, and logistic problems encountered in rendering emergency care to very important persons (VIPs).The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations requires all hospitals to have a written disaster plan for incidents that, because of their magnitude, can be expected to overwhelm the standard operating routines of . . .
STAT-1 and AP-1 decoy oligonucleotide therapy delays acute rejection and prolongs cardiac allograft survival
Authors: H HOLSCHERMANN, T STADLBAUER, A WAGNER, H FINGERHUTH, H MUTH, S RONG, F GULER, H TILLMANNS, M HECKER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective: Acute myocardial rejection is a cell-mediated process characterized by increased leukocyte recruitment into the graft myocardial tissue. Transcription factors like STAT-1 and AP-1 are critically involved in this process by regulating vascular adhesion molecule expression. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (dODN) treatment targeting transcription factors AP-1 and STAT-1 on acute cardiac allograft rejection in a rat transplant model.
Aldose Reductase in Diabetic Cataracts
Authors: Jin H. Kinoshita
Journal: JAMA (1981)

AN ASSOCIATION between cataracts and diabetes in humans has been suspected for about two centuries. This in turn has resulted in considerable laboratory research in the development of animal models in which the eye disease process could be studied in detail. From these studies, it was observed that diabetes produced either by pancreatomy or by chemical destruction of beta cells of the pancreas leads to cataracts in dogs, rats, rabbits, monkeys, and other animals. Moreover, the rapidity of cataract development paralleled the severity of the diabetes.<sup>1</sup>Thus, this diabetic complication appears directly related to the glucose level. The cataractous process, first appearing as vacuoles in the equatorial region, proceeds to opacification of the lens nucleus and finally the entire lens (Fig 1). An understanding of the mechanism involved in the development of diabetic cataracts was greatly accelerated by the fact that the process could be duplicated in rats fed
Medical regulator urges doctors to prescribe generic drugs
Authors: S. Bhaumik
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Medical Council of India has asked the heads of medical colleges and hospitals and the president of the state medical councils to ensure that all doctors prescribe generic drugs as far as possible.

The advice came in a letter circulated on 21 January 2013 and reiterates a circular from November 2012 that was based on provisions of the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette and Ethics) Regulations 2002.

Last year India’s controller of patents granted …
Effect of acute and chronic alcohol treatment and their superimposition on lysosomal, cytoplasmic, and proteosomal protease activities in rat skeletal muscle in vivo
Authors: M. Koll, S. Ahmed, D. Mantle, T.M. Donohue, T.N. Palmer, U.A. Simanowski, H.K. Seltz, T.J. Peters, V.R. Preedy
Journal: Metabolism (2002)
Cardiac Manifestations of Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Hubert Bell
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A retrospective study was performed on 30 consecutive autopsied patients who died of acute viral hepatitis. Clinical evidence of cardiac disease included prolonged hypotension, progressive cardiomegaly, pulmonary edema, and sudden death. Electrocardiographic abnormalities included low voltage, left axis deviation, T-wave abnormalities, and cardiac arrhythmias. Fourteen episodes of cardiac arrhythmia occurred in eight patients, and 2 patients died suddenly of cardiac asystole. Pathologic findings in the heart included widespread petechial hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes, fatty degeneration of the heart, flabby dilated ventricles, and edema of the subendocardial connective tissue. Hospitalized patients with viral hepatitis may benefit from ECG monitoring and close observation for evidence of cardiac failure.
Lymphatics and Lymph Circulation: Physiology and Pathology
Authors: F. T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The practical importance of the lymphatic circulation need not be mentioned to any physician who has seen cases of lymphedema, lymphangitis, elephantiasis, and so on. The theoretical importance and the baffling difficulty of the subject is suggested on page 41 with reference to the work of Florence Sabin. Her investigations, beginning in 1902, "released the long debate of American anatomists about the evolution of lymphatics, a debate which gave rise to nearly a hundred publications without leading the problem essentially nearer to solution and without... inducing any of the opposing parties to revise their attitude." Sabin believed that the human lymphatic vessels arise from the veins, grow centrifugally, and ramify gradually until they reach the periphery. The present authors (page 47) favor the opposite view, represented in 1906 by Huntington and MacClure, that lymphatic passages develop at the periphery by the fusion of mesenchymal slits, grow centripetally, and establish their
Reduced tubular cation transport in diabetes: Prevented by ACE inhibition
Authors: Merlin C. Thomas, Chris Tikellis, Wendy C. Burns, Vicki Thallas, Josephine M. Forbes, Zemin Cao, Tanya M. Osicka, Leileata M. Russo, George Jerums, Hany Ghabrial, Mark E. Cooper, Phillip Kantharidis
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Management of onychomycosis and awareness of guidelines among dermatologists
Authors: S.F. Rajpar, A. Abdullah
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Management of onychomycosis and awareness of guidelines among dermatologists Get access S.F. Rajpar, S.F. Rajpar Birmingham Skin Centre, Sandwell & West Birmingham NHS Trust, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, U.K. E‐mail: sfr@blueyonder.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Abdullah A. Abdullah Birmingham Skin Centre, Sandwell & West Birmingham NHS Trust, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, U.K. E‐mail: sfr@blueyonder.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 5, 1 November 2006, Pages 1080–1082, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07493.x Published: 01 November 2006
Neutrophil / Lymphocyte Ratio is Associated with Severity of Obstruction in Patients with Prosthetic Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy, Macit Kalçık, Süleyman Karakoyun, Mahmut Yesin, Sabahattin Gündüz, Mehmet Ali Astarcıoğlu, Mehmet Özkan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The pulmonary arteries of the yak
Authors: D. HEATH, D. WILLIAMS, J. DICKINSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

A quantitative histological study was carried out on the pulmonary arteries of a female yak (Bos grunniens), a member of the genus Bos which comprises the various types of cattle. A characteristic feature of cattle is a muscular pulmonary vasculature which responds sensitively to alveolar hypoxia by constriction. The yak studied had thin-walled pulmonary arteries and showed no evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy. It is suggested that this may be a feature of adaptation (as contrasted to acclimatisation) to a life in the hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude.
INORGANIC PYROPHOSPHATE IN PLASMA, URINE, AND SYNOVIAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH PYROPHOSPHATE ARTHROPATHY (CHONDROCALCINOSIS OR PSEUDOGOUT)
Authors: R.G.G Russell, S Bisaz, H Fleisch, H.L.F Currey, H.M Rubinstein, A.A Dietz, I Boussina, A Micheli, G Fallet
Journal: The Lancet (1970)
Warfarin skin necrosis: Recurrence in the absence of anticoagulant therapy
Authors: John E. Humphries, James H. Gardner, Julia E. Connelly
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Skin necrosis is a well‐known yet rare complication of oral anticoagulant therapy. We report the unusual recurrence of lesions typical of warfarin skin necrosis in the absence of anticoagulant therapy. A 59‐year‐old woman developed skin necrosis while receiving prophylactic warfarin following the detection of a large left ventricular thrombus. The warfarin was discontinued and the lesions improved. One month later new areas of skin necrosis developed although the patient had received no further warfarin. Progressive congestive heart failure, poor nutrition, and prolonged oral antibiotic therapy preceded the recurrence. Vitamin K deficiency was present on admission. The potential role of vitamin K‐dependent coagulation factors in the pathogenesis of anticoagulant‐associated skin necrosis is discussed.
The Calcium Deficiency Hypothesis of Hypertension: A Critique
Authors: Norman M. Kaplan, Roderick B. Meese
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Primary (essential) hypertension has recently been related to calcium deficiency, rather than excess. The evidence used to support this hypothesis includes surveys showing lesser dietary intake of calcium, lower levels of ionized calcium in the blood, and reduction of blood pressure with calcium supplements. This critique examines each of these points and the theoretical construct used to explain the hypothesis. We conclude that the theoretical construct is based on the use of only a portion of available experimental data and the clinical evidence remains inconclusive. Until the hypothesis is supported further, calcium deficiency should not be accepted as a mechanism responsible for hypertension and calcium supplements should be used with caution.
From the National Institutes of Health
Authors: Claude Lenfant
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Speed Urged for Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction</h3> : Treatment of all eligible patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with thrombolytic drugs within 30 minutes of arrival at a hospital should be a goal for all emergency departments, according to the first published recommendations (<i>Ann Emerg Med</i>. 1994;23:311-329) of the National Heart Attack Alert Program (NHAAP) Coordinating Committee. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) established the committee, which includes representatives from 39 scientific, professional, governmental, and voluntary organizations, to assist the NHAAP in achieving its goal of reducing AMI morbidity and mortality, including AMI-related sudden death. The new report—prepared by an NHAAP working group cochaired by Costas Lambrew, MD, Maine Medical Center, Portland, and Mark Smith, MD, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC—lays out the scientific rationale for this recommendation and proposes specific measures emergency departments should take to minimize time to reperfusion and thus maximize myocardial
INCREASE IN STATURE OF AMERICAN BOYS IN THE LAST FIFTY YEARS
Authors: HORACE GRAY
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Increases in the stature of children (average height for age), as shown in some recent series of observations,<sup>1</sup>may be due to taller ancestry or to more comfortable economic class. But between two homogeneous groups an increase may also be due to other causes: measurement in the morning rather than the after noon; measurement in a month of the year when seasonal growth is more rapid; accident (random sampling); progress in control of various infantile diseases that retard growth; knowledge of vitamins, sunlight and rachitis, with consequent better nurture. This paper, however, is concerned not with the cause but with the phenomenon. It is said by Boas<sup>2</sup>to be evident for various peoples in Europe. Is it also a fact for American boys, and how great is the increase? Evidence may be seen by comparing our private school boys with as nearly similar a series measured half a
Care of schizophrenic man strongly criticised
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A schizophrenic man who killed his stepfather and left his mother for dead was let down by professionals in health, housing, and social services, according to an independent report published last week.

Social workers, psychiatrists, and housing managers were criticised for “fundamental and depressing” failures, in what was said to be one of the most damning reports of its kind. Professionals in the separate agencies “did not seem to be talking to each other,” the report said.



A breakdown of care?

MICHEAL DENT/IMPACT



Martin Mursell, aged 28, stabbed his disabled stepfather Joseph Collins 18 times and his mother, …
Patients with major trauma who do not use emergency ambulances
Authors: B P McNicholl, J Lee
Journal: BMJ (1995)

When planning a trauma service it is important to estimate the number of injured patients who will attend a hospital other than the designated trauma centre. Up to a third of patients in one study went to the wrong hospital.1 This happens because paramedics make triage errors and take patients to the wrong hospital2 and (we hypothesise) because some patients make their own way to hospital. Because a trauma service may be established in Northern Ireland we tried to estimate the numbers of injured patients likely to take themselves to the wrong hospital.

For one year a surveillance system monitored 12 randomly chosen hospitals out of the 19 in Northern Ireland that receive cases of major trauma. …