tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tumour necrosis factor and lymphotoxin A polymorphisms: a relationship with COPD and its progression?
Authors: H. M. Boezen, D. S. Postma
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

In this issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Tanaka et al. 1 present the results of their study on polymorphisms in tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin A (LTA) in relation to lung function in smokers. They designed two nested case–control studies in the Lung Health Study, originally enrolling almost 6,000 smokers with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They conclude that there exist no significant associations between polymorphisms in TNF or LTA and lung function in COPD patients of Caucasian origin, contrary to previously reported studies in Asians. It is important to note that this study assesses the genetics of progression of COPD and that the study cannot make any inference from this population as to whether the genes under study are COPD susceptibility genes. To meet this aim, one needs a general population study in which smokers with and without accelerated lung function loss are compared.

These findings are of importance, since they confirm and extend previously reported negative findings in Caucasians; among them is one of the authors’ own studies that included only two polymorphisms in the genes 2. In the present study, the authors analyse a sample that is sufficiently large to exclude potential negative findings due to small study populations, and thus lack of power. Indeed, one of the strengths of the study by Tanaka et al. 1 is the a priori power calculation, to ensure a sufficiently large sample to detect differences in distributions of polymorphisms between their COPD subgroups.

Unfortunately, too many studies on genetics of COPD are still being performed in COPD patients derived from population samples investigators happen to have at …
De-<i>N</i>-acetyl GM3 Promotes Melanoma Cell Migration and Invasion through Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Signaling–Dependent MMP-2 Activation
Authors: Ji-Wei Liu, Ping Sun, Qiu Yan, Amy S. Paller, Pedram Gerami, Nancy Ho, Neelam Vashi, I. Caroline Le Poole, Xiao-qi Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract We have recently discovered that de-N-acetyl GM3 [NeuNH2LacCer, d-GM3], a derivative of ganglioside GM3, is specifically expressed in metastatic tumor cells and that its expression correlates with an enhanced metastatic phenotype. Although the classic N-acetylated form of GM3 (NeuAcLacCer, c-GM3) is found in both normal and tumor cells, metastatic tumor cells (but not other cells) predominantly express d-GM3 (82–95% of total GM3). d-GM3 expression is mainly found in metastatic melanomas, but not in benign nevi or the majority of primary melanomas. Using metastatic (d-GM3–positive) and poorly invasive (d-GM3–negative) human melanoma cell lines, we found that d-GM3 stimulates cell migration and invasion by increasing the expression and activation of urokinase-like plasminogen activator (uPA). Further studies showed that d-GM3 activates matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), but not MMP-9, when uPA receptor signaling is activated. These results implicate d-GM3 as a specific marker for metastatic melanoma and a novel therapeutic target for neoplastic diseases. [Cancer Res 2009;69(22):8662–9]
Withholding consent to lifesaving treatment: three cases
Authors: A. Elton, P. Honig, A. Bentovim, J. Simons
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The refusal of children or their parents to consent to treatment that professionals regard as essential always results in a dilemma. Responding to such refusals demands careful and sensitive clinical and thicolegal intervention and close cooperation among professionals, in particular doctors and social workers. Since the introduction of the Children Act 1989 the number of cases in which children have withheld consent to lifesaving treatment has risen, and it is now increasingly recognised that children have a right to have their views legally represented if a local authority or health authority seeks a court's leave to carry out treatment. Professionals have to consider which legal route, under either the Children Act or the Mental Health Act, is likely to be best for the individual child.
Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum associated with a lentigo
Authors: None Matsumoto, None Sonobe, None Takeuchi, None Furihata, None Iwata, None Ikeda, None Ohtsuki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Only 13 cases of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been reported in the English language literature, with most frequent development in the oral cavity and conjunctiva. However, no case of pigmented SCC of the scrotum has been reported. We report here a case of pigmented SCC that arose primarily in the scrotum of a 70‐year‐old man. Light microscopically, this tumour exhibited the typical features of a pigmented SCC, including not only keratinization and intercellular bridges but also colonization by plump dendritic melanocytes with marked pigmentation. These features were clearly confirmed by immunohistochemistry, including strong positivity of tumour cells for high‐molecular‐weight cytokeratin and of colonizing melanocytes for HMB‐45. The tumour was associated with a lentiginous lesion and partly involved it. Melanocytes entrapped from the lentigo might therefore have been activated during enlargement of this tumour, resulting in melanocyte colonization. Fourteen cases of pigmented SCC, including ours, are clinicopathologically reviewed.
Peritoneal Dialysis and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Mesothelial Cells
Authors: María Yáñez-Mó, Enrique Lara-Pezzi, Rafael Selgas, Marta Ramírez-Huesca, Carmen Domínguez-Jiménez, José A. Jiménez-Heffernan, Abelardo Aguilera, José A. Sánchez-Tomero, M. Auxiliadora Bajo, Vincente Álvarez, M. Angeles Castro, Gloria del Peso, Antonio Cirujeda, Carlos Gamallo, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Manuel López-Cabrera
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

During continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneum is exposed to bioincompatible dialysis fluids that cause denudation of mesothelial cells and, ultimately, tissue fibrosis and failure of ultrafiltration. However, the mechanism of this process has yet to be elucidated.
Doctors fear that new CCG funding formula will downplay deprivation
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A health minister has sought to allay fears that a proposed new formula for funding clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) in England will benefit the richer south at the north’s expense.

The minister, the peer Earl Howe, told the House of Lords on Wednesday 27 November, “The last thing we want to do is to take money away from areas where health outcomes are the worst.”

But his suggestion that the new formula, to be decided next month, would contain an “adjustment for deprivation” was not enough to satisfy a leading doctor critic of current policy. George Rae, who chairs the BMA’s North East Regional Council, told the BMJ , “Even if deprivation is included it’s still not clear it will be weighted sufficiently to offset the reform as it stands.”

The controversy concerns a major review of allocations to CCGs …
Glucagon and Pancreatitis
Authors: ROLF-DIETER HESCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 October 1971Glucagon and PancreatitisROLF-DIETER HESCHROLF-DIETER HESCHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-4-648_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Cortes's letter (Ann Intern Med74:1014, 1971) requires some comment. The possibility of a glucagon-induced endogenous thyrocalcitonin stimulation in pancreatitis is completely unproved. This speculation is based on observations of high serum levels of glucagon in pancreatitis and on stimulation of thyrocalcitonin secretion by glucagon in animal studies. It has not yet been clearly shown that high glucagon levels in pancreatitis could stimulate endogenous secretion of thyrocalcitonin in man. In normal man glucagon probably cannot raise serum thyrocalcitonin to levels that are able to produce hypocalcemia (1, 2). Acute administration of thyrocalcitonin in doses of 200...References1. TASHIJAN A, HOWLAND B, and MELWIN K: N Engl J Med 283:890, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HESCH R and HÜFNER M: Unpublished results on glucagon stimulation of thyrocalcitonin Google Scholar3. HESCH R, HÜFNER M, and HASENJÄGER M: Third Symposium on Endocrinology, London, 19-23 July 1971 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROLF-DIETER HESCHAffiliations: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Der Universität Göttingen 34 Göttingen, West Germany PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1971Volume 75, Issue 4Page: 648-648KeywordsGlucagonHypocalcemiaPancreatitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
How to Write and Publish Papers in the Medical Sciences
Authors: Lawrence D. Grouse
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Huth has written a gem of a book; it will be invaluable for would-be authors of medical journal articles, particularly authors who wish to prepare scientific manuscripts. Department chairmen should consider presenting each member of their faculty with a copy, and, judging from experience, they should peruse the book themselves. The work, written for US physician-scientists, is authoritative and comprehensive in scope. The logical steps in writing and editing original manuscripts are comprehensively outlined, and the subtleties of producing a polished medical communication are painstakingly explained. Such a book, presenting a full and systematic description of the process of preparing medical articles for publication, has been sorely needed. The prose style is plain, lucid, and to the point. It is clear why Huth is widely regarded as the Dean of US medical editors. To demonstrate the vigor of the book, I will cite just a few Huthian pearls: "Scientific papers
Attentive selection penetrates (almost) the entire visual system
Authors: John K. Tsotsos
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pylyshyn claims that if a system is cognitively penetrable, its function depends in a semantically coherent way to the organism's goals and beliefs. He rejects evidence of attentional modulation observed in neurons within the visual system, claiming that any modulation seen is not logically related to goals and behavior. I present some of this evidence and claim that it is connected in exactly the way Pylyshyn requires and thus it refutes his main thesis.
A New Technique for Endoscopic Implantation and Explantation of Large-bore Biliary Endoprostheses in Patients with Non-surgical Common Bile Duct Obstruction
Authors: H.-J. Thon, M. M. Lerch, S. Matern
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

A new system for endoscopic implantation and explantation of large-bore biliary endoprostheses is presented. This technique permits corrective placement of prostheses dislodged during implantation, as well as explantation and replacement through the biopsy channel of the endoscope in a single sitting. The method has been successfully employed in 10 patients.
Policies on SARS in UK boarding schools are confused
Authors: I. Wong
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—The former Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) (now Health Protection Agency) states that there is no need for students returning from areas affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to be excluded or quarantined unless they are unwell.1 However, the agency is aware that some schools are advising parents differently.1 Unfortunately, some Chinese students are subjected to quarantine imposed by …
Gynaecologist accused of delegating inappropriately
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

An eminent gynaecologist was before the General Medical Council this week accused of delegating surgery to a junior who lacked the competence to perform the procedure.

Professor Stuart Campbell is accused of serious professional misconduct in his handling of the case of Monica Crockett, aged 67, who died after losing 12 litres of blood during a hysterectomy. Mr Christoph Lees, who performed the operation, is also accused of serious professional misconduct.

Professor Campbell asked Mr Lees, then a specialist registrar, to conduct keyhole surgery on Mrs Crockett at St George's Hospital, London, in …
Gamma-Glutamyl-Transpeptidase in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: KURT G. RAVENS, SIGMUNDUR GUDBJARNASON, CHARLES M. COWAN, RICHARD J. BING
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The activity of γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase was determined serially in patients with acute myocardial infarction up to 32 days after the onset of chest pain. Peak enzyme activity was found in all patients between the eighth and eleventh day after infarction. Some patients showed a rise in serum activity 48 hr after infarction. In 33 mongrel dogs with experimental myocardial infarction, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity was estimated in the homogenate of the normal and necrotic heart muscle as soluble and particle-bound enzyme activity. The changes of free and particle-bound activity showed different patterns. The soluble enzyme activity was highest during the first 4 days and approached normal level after 8 days. Particle-bound activity was significantly decreased after 24 hr and showed thereafter a continuous rise to 10 times the control values 10 days after the coronary artery occlusion. These studies indicate that several determinations of γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity in serum of patients with myocardial infarction may reflect the reparative processes taking place in the infarcted tissue.
Effects of HIV infection on age and cause of death for persons with hemophilia A in the United States
Authors: Terence L. Chorba, Robert C. Holman, Matthew J. Clarke, Bruce L. Evatt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Because of changes in factor replacement therapy and in treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we examined death record data for persons with hemophilia A in the United States to evaluate effects of HIV infection on age and causes of death. Multiple cause-of-death data from 1968 through 1998 were examined to assess death rates for persons with hemophilia A. ICD-9 coded causes of death from 1979 through 1998 were examined to assess long-term trends. From 1979 through 1998, 4,781 deaths among persons with hemophilia A were reported, of which 2,254 (47%) had HIV-related disease listed as a cause of death. In the late 1980s, mortality among persons with hemophilia A increased markedly, and the age-adjusted death rate peaked at 1.5 per 1,000,000 population in 1992. Median age at death decreased from 55 years in 1979-1982 to 40.5 years in 1987-1990, and increased to 46 years in 1995-1998. In the period 1995-1998, the median age of hemophilia A decedents with HIV-related disease was 33 years, compared to 72 years for those without HIV-related disease; the most frequently listed causes of death for those without HIV-related disease were hemorrhagic and circulatory phenomena; the most frequently listed for those with HIV-related disease were diseases of liver and the respiratory system. From 1995 to 1998, hemophilia A-associated deaths decreased by 41%, with a 78% decrease among those who had HIV-related disease. Although HIV infection has adversely effected mortality for persons with hemophilia A, the marked recent decrease in the death rate among persons with hemophilia A appears to reflect advances in care for those with HIV-related disease and is consistent with a decline in HIV mortality observed in the general population.
Screening sperm donors for cystic fibrosis
Authors: I. Findlay, H. Cuckle, R. J Lilford, A. J Rutherford, P. Quirke, S. Lui
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Cystic fibrosis is the most common serious autosomal recessive condition in white populations, affecting about 1 in 2500 live births, and until recently life expectancy rarely exceeded 30 years. The most common cystic fibrosis mutation (δF508, accounting for about 80% of two million British carriers), is a 3-bp deletion in a transmembrane protein cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene. The next most common three or four mutations account for a further 5% of carriers.

One in 25 white people carries cystic fibrosis. As carriers are unaffected, individuals are often unaware until …
Dermatologic Etymology
Authors: Robert Denison Griffith, Leyre A. Falto-Aizpurua, Keyvan Nouri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Long-term outcome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of a single-center cohort of 90 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Bénédicte Neven, Sandrine Leroy, Hélène Decaluwe, Francoise Le Deist, Capucine Picard, Despina Moshous, Nizar Mahlaoui, Marianne Debré, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Liliane Dal Cortivo, Yoann Madec, Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina, Geneviève de Saint Basile, Jean-Pierre de Villartay, Stéphane Blanche, Marina Cavazzana-Calvo, Alain Fischer
Journal: Blood (2009)
Management of elderly patients with breast cancer: updated recommendations of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) and European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA)
Authors: Laura Biganzoli, Hans Wildiers, Catherine Oakman, Lorenza Marotti, Sibylle Loibl, Ian Kunkler, Malcolm Reed, Stefano Ciatto, Adri C Voogd, Etienne Brain, Bruno Cutuli, Catherine Terret, Margot Gosney, Matti Aapro, Riccardo Audisio
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2012)
References: Needed and Unneeded
Authors: DONALD A. WINDSOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 April 1974References: Needed and UnneededDONALD A. WINDSORDONALD A. WINDSORSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-4-562 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: How could W. K. Beatty (1) write an article on searching the literature, make statements proclaiming the necessity of searching the literature, and then go ahead and not follow his own good advice?In the opening paragraph he says, "You will not be able to write intelligently about any subject in medicine unless you know what has already been written about it." In the closing paragraph he says, "you and your potential readers will have profited from it [the literature search]."Yet, despite these excellent admonitions, Beatty's paper does not have a single reference to the dozens...References1. BEATTY W: Searching the literature comes before writing the literature. How clinicians can use printed bibliographies, tapes, and computers. Ann Intern Med 79:917-924, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar2. WYATT H: Paper epidemic: a guide to the use of the biomedical literature. Am J Epidemiol 87:509-519, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MORTON L: How to Use a Medical Library, 5th ed. London, William Heineman Medical Books, Ltd., 1971 Google Scholar4. BOTTLEWYATT RH (editors): The Use of Biological Literature, 2nd ed. Archon Books, Hamden, Connecticut, 1971 Google Scholar5. SMITHBEAUCHAMPGARBER DRJ: Computerized drug information services [CA-Condensates, CBAC, Excerpta Medica, MEDLARS, and Ringdoc], J Chem Documentation 12:9-13, 1972 CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. WINDSORWINDSOR DD: Citation of the literature by information scientists in their own publications. J Am Soc Information Sci 24:377-381, 1973 CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. GARFIELD E: "Science Citation Index"—a new dimension in indexing. Science 144: 649-654, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. PRICE D: Networks of scientific papers. Science 149:510-515, 1965 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1974Volume 80, Issue 4Page: 562-563 Issue Published: 1 April 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Fatal Reaction to Sulfobromophthalein Sodium in a Patient with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Norman Venger
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Despite EXTENSIVE USE of sulfobromophthalein sodium (Bromsulphalein) for testing hepatic function, only a few severe toxic reactions, 3 of them fatal, have been reported since 1948. The subject of the present report is a fatal reaction in a patient with bronchial asthma. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old radio and television repairman was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea. He had lived in Alabama prior to entering the Army in January of 1944. Little was known regarding his parents; his sister suffered from "asthma," and he recalled his nose "running all the time" and "breaking out in a rash" on proximity to tomato plants, as a child. Later he was treated twice for syphilis with "shots" without adverse reactions. In 1945, while with the army in England, he was hospitalized for bronchitis and pleurisy for 3 months. He apparently recovered without sequelae and had no other illnesses, but
First sexual intercourse: age, coercion, and later regrets reported by a birth cohort
Authors: N. Dickson, C. Paul, P. Herbison, P. Silva
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Objectives: To investigate how age at first sexual intercourse is related to the reported circumstances and to determine how these corresponded to views in early adulthood about its timing. Design: Cross sectional study within a birth cohort using a questionnaire presented by computer. Setting: Dunedin, New Zealand in 1993-4. Subjects: 477 men and 458 women enrolled in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study, comprising 92% of survivors of the cohort. Results: The median age at first intercourse was 17 years for men and 16 years for women. Only one man (0.2%) but 30 (7%) women reported being forced to have intercourse on the first occasion. For women, there were increasing rates of coercion with younger age at first intercourse. More men than women reported that they and their partner were equally willing (77% (316/413) v 53% (222/419)). Mutual willingness of both partners was greater for those who reported that it was also the first time for their partner. Timing of first intercourse was considered about right by 49% (200/411) of men and 38% (148/388) of women. Many women (54% (211/388) reported that they should have waited longer, and this rose to 70% (90/129) for women reporting intercourse before age 16. Conclusions: Most women regretted having sexual intercourse before age 16. First intercourse at younger ages is associated with risks that are shared unequally between men and women. This information is important to young people themselves. #### Key messages