tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exhaled Nitric Oxide Correlates with Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Steroid-naive Patients with Mild Asthma
Authors: LIEVEN J. DUPONT, FELICIEN ROCHETTE, MAURITS G. DEMEDTS, GEERT M. VERLEDEN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Endogenously released nitric oxide (NO) has been detected in the exhaled air of humans. Exhaled NO (NOexh) levels have been significantly increased in patients with inflammatory airways disorders such as asthma, and NOexh has been suggested to be a usable marker of airway inflammation. In the present study, NOexh levels were measured both in steroid-treated and untreated subjects with mild asthma, and were correlated with the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), measured as the dose of histamine that produced a 20% decrease in FEV1 (PC20histamine). NOexh levels, which were significantly increased in steroid-naive patients (Group A1: NOexh = 21 ± 11 ppb; n = 56) in comparison with levels in control subjects (Group B: NOexh = 10 ± 2 ppb; n = 20; p < 0.001), correlated significantly with the PC20histamine (r = − 0.65; p < 0.0001). The NOexh level was significantly lower in patients with chronic cough of other causes than bronchial asthma (Group A2: NOexh = 11 ± 3 ppb; n = 18) when compared with the level in subjects with mild asthma (Group A1: p < 0.001). Therefore, the noninvasive measurement of NOexh allowed us to discriminate, among patients with respiratory complaints, between those with and without AHR. In asthmatic subjects treated with inhaled steroids, the NOexh levels were significantly lower (Group A3: NOexh = 13 ± 5 ppb; n = 25) than in untreated subjects (Group A1; p < 0.01), and there was no relationship with the PC20histamine (r = − 0.18, p = NS). These findings confirm that NOexh reflects AHR in patients with mild asthma who have not already been treated with inhaled steroids. Patients treated with inhaled steroids had an NOexh level comparable to levels in control subjects, although AHR could still be demonstrated.
Persistence of Human Papillomavirus, Overexpression of p53, and Outcomes of Patients After Endoscopic Ablation of Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Shanmugarajah Rajendra, Bin Wang, Darren Pavey, Prateek Sharma, Tao Yang, Cheok Soon Lee, Neil Gupta, Madeleine J Ball, Raghubinder Singh Gill, Xiaojuan Wu
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
CAVO-TRICUSPID ISTHMUS ABLATION BY NOVEL PHOTODYNAMIC LASER CATHETER IN SWINE HEART IN VIVO
Authors: Shunichiro Miyoshi, Arisa Itoh, Takuro Kajihara, Mizuki Ide, Hajime Suenari, Mei Takahashi, Takehiro Kimura, Kojiro Tanimoto, Kotaro Fukumoto, Seiji Takatsuki, Toshiaki Satoh, Yasuhiko Futami, Satoshi Ogawa, Tsunenori Arai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Heritability of Wilms' Tumor
Authors: M. M. Hawkins, D. L. Winter, H. S. Burton, M. H. N. Potok
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Heritability of Wilms' Tumor Get access Michael M. Hawkins, Michael M. Hawkins Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of OxfordU.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David L. Winter, David L. Winter Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of OxfordU.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hazel S. Burton, Hazel S. Burton Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of OxfordU.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael H. N. Potok Michael H. N. Potok * Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of OxfordU.K. Correspondence to : Michael M. Hawkins, D.Phil., Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of Oxford, 57 Woodstock Rd., Oxford OX2 6HJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 17, 6 September 1995, Pages 1323–1324, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.17.1323 Published: 06 September 1995 Article history Received: 30 March 1995 Revision received: 13 June 1995 Accepted: 21 June 1995 Published: 06 September 1995
ACUTE EFFECTS AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF GANGLIONATED PLEXI ABLATION FOR CHRONIC ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Evgeny Pokushalov, Alexander Romanov, Sergey Artemenko, Pavel Shugaev, Vitaliy Shabanov, Alex Turov, Nataliya Shirokova
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Strategies Sought for Reducing Cost, Improving Efficiency of Clinical Research
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Ceiling-Retractable Service Column
Authors: Robert J. Wilder
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The design of any piece of equipment for the initial resuscitation of the critically ill or injured must be functional and instanteously available. During the conceptual period of the development of the Emergency Medicine and Trauma Center at Oklahoma Memorial Hospital, concern was raised about the difficulty of maneuvering around a critical patient inundated by many tubes, wires, and intravenous (IV) lines. Frequently, it is almost impossible to move from the left side of the stretcher to the right because of the suction tubing coming from the wall behind the patient's head, the ECG monitor position on the right side, the oxygen lines from the left side, and IV tubing dangling from the ceiling. It was decided, therefore, to design life support and resuscitation areas for the critically ill and injured that would allow for the majority of tubes and wires to approach the patient from one
P13 The performance validity of breath sample analysis in the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: E. Halliday, S. Stevens, M. Stubbs, R. Morris, M. Morgan
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has a detrimental effect on patients9 health-related quality of life and a significant negative impact on survival. Nevertheless, there is no diagnostic gold standard so the condition is often poorly diagnosed and managed. <h3>Aim</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance validity of breath sample analysis for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis. <h3>Method</h3> The patient population comprised 26 individuals (17 men, 9 women) of mean (range) age 60 (45 to 75) years, with biopsy-proven cirrhosis secondary to alcohol (n=21), or non-alcoholic steatosis, hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, haemochromatosis or cryptogenic (n=1 each); none of the patients was currently misusing alcohol. Patients were classified using clinical, psychometric and electroencephalographic variables as either neuropsychiatrically unimpaired (n=10) or as having minimal (n=6) or overt (n=10) HE. Exhaled breath samples were collected, on the same day as the neuropsychiatric assessment, in a chemically inert 3L Tedlar bag (Adtech, UK). An evacuation device was used to evacuate 2L of gas from the bag into an empty glass tube which was packed with graphitised carbon adsorbents able to trap a wide range of VOCs (Sigma Aldrich, UK). Each tube was processed using a TurboMatrix automated thermal desorption unit (PerkinElmer, UK) attached to a Clarus 500 gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC-MS). In total 280 discrete peaks from the chromatographic output, excluding known experimental contaminants, were investigated for potential use as markers of HE. <h3>Results</h3> A number of peaks were identified in the patients with cirrhosis which were absent or present in significantly different quantities in ten healthy controls. Discriminant analysis allowed the generation of two classification equations using standardised data from 12 peaks to build a predictive model for HE. This model correctly classified all patients from the original population (Abstract P13 figure 1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Analysis of VOCs in breath samples identifies patients with HE with a high degree of accuracy. Future work will validate the classification equations in a new group of patients, while identification of the individual compounds involved will provide insights into the pathogenesis of the syndrome and potential new therapeutic targets.
Major stressful life events in relation to prevalence of undetected type 2 diabetes: the Hoorn Study.
Authors: J M Mooy, H de Vries, P A Grootenhuis, L M Bouter, R J Heine
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To test whether chronic psychological stress is positively associated 1) with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes; 2) with visceral adiposity; and to test whether 3) the relationship between stress and diabetes is mainly mediated by visceral adiposity RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a general Caucasian population aged 50-74 years without a history of diabetes (n = 2,262), the number of major stressful life events experienced during the past 5 years was assessed by self-report before the administration of an oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: Diabetes was newly diagnosed among 5% of the subjects. The number of stressful events was positively associated with the prevalence of hitherto undetected diabetes. The highest quintile had a 1.6-fold (95% CI 1.0-2.6) increased probability of undetected diabetes compared with the remaining four quintiles (P&amp;lt;0.05 by logistical regression analysis adjusted for age and sex). This increased probability remained significant after additional adjustment for family history of diabetes, heavy alcohol consumption, physical activity, and low level of education. The number of stressful events was weakly positively associated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (men, P&amp;lt;0.01; women, P = 0.05 by multiple regression analysis adjusted for age). The age- and sex-adjusted association between stress and diabetes was only marginally reduced by adding the WHR into the logistical regression model (odds ratio 1.5 [0.9-2.4]; P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: These cross-sectional findings are partially consistent with Björntorp's theory that stressful life events, which indicate chronic psychological stress, are indeed associated with undetected type 2 diabetes and with visceral adiposity. However, in this white middle-aged population, visceral adiposity does not seem to be the main link between stress and diabetes.
First line treatment in hypertension.
Authors: J D Swales
Journal: BMJ (1990)

urological investigation and monitored uneventfully after a non-invasive nephrological assessment.After a mean follow up of 3-5 years only two had developed non-glomerular haematuria after repeated urine microscopy, both of whom were later found to have underlying urothelial disease.Despite its initial promise this technique has not been widely adopted in the United Kingdom,2 probably because of concern about interobserver variations in reporting microscopy results.23Interest has instead been directed towards using automated haematological analysers to assess urinary erythrocyte morphology,24 25 but the inaccuracy of this technique at low red cell counts may limit its practical application.26In our experience variations in reporting micro- scopy findings may be reduced with a more precise classifi- cation of urinary red cell variants (unpublished observations) and the accuracy of automated analysers substantially enhanced by using simple modifications.27Over the next few years these newer techniques may well achieve acceptable standards of accuracy and reproducibility for routine use and, with the adoption of widespread urinary screening by general practitioners, are likely to have an impact on the practice of both nephrologists and urologists.Until then further investigation ofpatients with asymptomatic dipstick haematuria, even in the absence of confirmatory microscopy or other markers of underlying disease, is recommended.We also suggest a standard non-invasive nephrological assessment and long term follow up to detect potentially progressive renal disease in those patients with urologically unexplained blood loss.
Neurofibromatosis 1, and Not<i>TP53</i>, Seems to Be the Main Target of Chromosome 17 Deletions in De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Javier Suela, Cristina Largo, Bibiana Ferreira, Sara Álvarez, Mercedes Robledo, Anna González-Neira, Maria José Calasanz, Juan C. Cigudosa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)
HIV Sequence Variation Associated With env Antisense Adoptive T-cell Therapy in the hNSG Mouse Model
Authors: Rithun Mukherjee, Gabriela Plesa, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Max W Richardson, James L Riley, Frederic D Bushman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

The first use of lentiviral vectors in humans involved transduction of mature T-cells with an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-derived env antisense (envAS) vector to protect cells from HIV infection. In that study, only a minority of the patient T-cell population could be gene-modified, raising the question of whether the altered cells could affect replicating HIV populations. We investigated this using humanized NOD/SCID IL-2Rgamma(null) (hNSG) mice reconstituted with approximately 4-11% envAS-modified human T-cells. Mice were challenged with HIV-1(NL4-3), which has an env perfectly complementary to envAS, or with HIV-1(BaL), which has a divergent env. No differences were seen in viral titer between mice that received envAS-modified cells and control mice that did not. Using 454/Roche pyrosequencing, we analyzed the mutational spectrum in HIV populations in serum-from 33 mice we recovered 84,074 total reads comprising 31,290 unique sequence variants. We found enrichment of A-to-G transitions and deletions in envAS-treated mice, paralleling a previous tissue culture study where most target cells contained envAS, even though minority of cells were envAS-modified here. Unexpectedly, this enrichment was only detected after the challenge with HIV-1(BaL), where the viral genome would form an imperfect duplex with envAS, and not HIV-1(NL4-3), where a perfectly matched duplex would form.
Fumaric acid esters in psoriasis
Authors: Z. Fika, R.E.A. Williams, D.J. Williamson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Fumaric acid esters in psoriasis Get access Z. Fika, Z. Fika Department of Dermatology, Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, Denbighshire LL18 5UJ, U.K. E‐mail: zoifika@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.E.A. Williams, R.E.A. Williams Department of Dermatology, Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, Denbighshire LL18 5UJ, U.K. E‐mail: zoifika@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.J. Williamson D.J. Williamson Department of Dermatology, Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, Denbighshire LL18 5UJ, U.K. E‐mail: zoifika@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 3, 1 March 2006, Pages 567–568, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.07103.x Published: 01 March 2006
Increased risk of esophageal perforation in eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Ó. Nantes, F. Jiménez, J. Zozaya, J. Vila
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

A 28-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to intermittent dysphagia and repetitive episodes of food impaction. No relevant previous clinical history was referred. Physical examination was within normal limits.
Left thoracoabdominal approach versus abdominal-transhiatal approach for gastric cancer of the cardia or subcardia: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mitsuru Sasako, Takeshi Sano, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Motonori Sairenji, Kuniyoshi Arai, Taira Kinoshita, Atsushi Nashimoto, Masahiro Hiratsuka
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2006)
New York plans to restrict trans fats in restaurants
Authors: Janice Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

New York city, which banned smoking in restaurants three years ago, now wants its restaurants sector—the largest in the United States—to reduce the content of trans fats in its meals. It wants the amount in each serving to be reduced to 0.5 g per serving within the next 18 months.

A second proposal calls for restaurants with standard menus to post information on energy content of items they serve on their menus or menu boards by March 2007.

Restaurant meals are a major source of artificial trans fats (trans fatty acids), the city's Department of Health and Mental Hygiene says. A …
Aggression in Depressives and Psoriatics
Authors: Paul Matussek, Dorothee Agerer, Georg Seibt
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

The Questionnaire for Measuring Factors of Aggression (Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Aggressivitätsfaktoren, FAF) was completed by 113 depressive patients, 38 psoriatics, and 32 healthy controls. The controls had the lowest aggression scores, the neurotic depressives the highest. The monopolar endogeneous depressives had extremely high scores for autoaggressions and extremely low ones for outward aggressions, whereas the psoriatics show a contrary tendency: extremely high scores for outward aggressions and very low ones for autoaggressions.
Human Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 (VAP-1) Plays a Critical Role in Lymphocyte–Endothelial Cell Adhesion Cascade Under Shear
Authors: Marko Salmi, Sami Tohka, Sirpa Jalkanen
Journal: Circulation Research (2000)

Abstract —Lymphocyte binding to vascular endothelium is a prerequisite for the movement of immune cells from the blood into lymphoid tissues and into sites of inflammation. Human vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an endothelial glycoprotein involved in this interaction. It also displays an enzymatic (monoamine oxidase) activity. Here we examined how recombinant human VAP-1 mediates lymphocyte binding using rotatory and flow chamber binding assays. VAP-1 cDNA transfected into an endothelial cell line, which does not bind lymphocytes, renders the cell line capable of binding lymphocytes in a shear-dependent manner. VAP-1 transfectants bound lymphocytes 5 times better than monocytes with a preference for T killer cells, and no specific granulocyte adherence was detectable. The binding is partially inhibited by anti–VAP-1 monoclonal antibodies or by blocking lymphocyte L-selectin and CD18 integrins, but not by inhibition of several other homing-associated molecules. In contrast, CD44 ligation on lymphocytes markedly upregulates their VAP-1–dependent adhesion, suggesting that the VAP-1 counterreceptor can be activated via CD44. The transfectant model also allowed us to perform detailed structure-function analyses of VAP-1. We show that the exposed integrin-binding motif RGD or the enzymatic activity is not indispensable for VAP-1–dependent adhesion. Together, these data show that VAP-1 can reconstitute the lymphocyte-endothelial adhesion cascade under shear and propose a critical role for VAP-1 in lymphocyte emigration from the blood.
Investigating recurrent angio-oedema
Authors: P. Fitzharris, A. Jordan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Summary</h3> For over two decades, midbrain dopamine was considered synonymous with the prediction error in temporal-difference reinforcement learning. Central to this proposal is the notion that reward-predictive stimuli become endowed with the scalar value of predicted rewards. When these cues are subsequently encountered, their predictive value is compared to the value of the actual reward received allowing for the calculation of prediction errors. Phasic firing of dopamine neurons was proposed to reflect this computation, facilitating the backpropagation of value from the predicted reward to the reward-predictive stimulus, thus reducing future prediction errors. There are two critical assumptions of this proposal: 1) that dopamine errors can only facilitate learning about scalar value and not more complex features of predicted rewards, and 2) that the dopamine signal can only be involved in anticipatory learning in which cues or actions precede rewards. Recent work has challenged the first assumption, demonstrating that phasic dopamine signals across species are involved in learning about more complex features of the predicted outcomes, in a manner that transcends this value computation. Here, we tested the validity of the second assumption. Specifically, we examined whether phasic midbrain dopamine activity would be necessary for backward conditioning—when a neutral cue reliably <i>follows</i> a rewarding outcome. Using a specific Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer (PIT) procedure, we show rats learn both excitatory and inhibitory components of a backward association, and that this association entails knowledge of the specific identity of the reward and cue. We demonstrate that brief optogenetic inhibition of VTA<sub>DA</sub> neurons timed to the transition between the reward and cue, reduces both of these components of backward conditioning. These findings suggest VTA<sub>DA</sub> neurons are capable of facilitating associations between contiguously occurring events, regardless of the content of those events. We conclude that these data are in line with suggestions that the VTA<sub>DA</sub> error acts as a universal teaching signal. This may provide insight into why dopamine function has been implicated in a myriad of psychological disorders that are characterized by very distinct reinforcement-learning deficits. <h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>
Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Warren Laskey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes18 May 1999Management of Acute Coronary SyndromesWarren Laskey, MDWarren Laskey, MDDivision of Cardiology, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. (Laskey)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-10-199905180-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Cannon CP; ed. 668 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana; 1999. $125.00. ISBN 0896035522. Order phone 201-256-1699.Field of medicine: Cardiology and internal medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Clinical cardiologists, general internists, and medical house officers.Purpose: To develop the concept of the spectrum of myocardial ischemia and to review the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this concept.Content: The text is divided into five sections with multiauthored chapters in each section. The first section articulately presents our current understanding of the pathobiology and pathophysiology of events at the endothelial level. The second section presents data supporting the accuracy and utility of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. (Laskey) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 10Page: 865KeywordsAcute coronary syndromeGlycoproteinsIschemiaMorbidityMortalityMuscular dystrophiesMyocardial infarctionNon st segment elevation myocardial infarctionShockSt segment elevation myocardial infarction Issue Published: 18 May 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...