tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Half of paediatric consultants would not take part in shift working
Authors: H. Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2013)

More than half of UK paediatric consultants who responded to a survey said that they would not take part in resident shift working, despite the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health advocating consultant resident shift working as the best model for improving the quality of paediatric care.

A total of 52.2% of the 2352 consultants who responded (72% response rate) to the college’s biennial workforce census of senior paediatricians said that they would not consider resident shift working “under any circumstances.”

Just over a quarter (29.3%) said that they would support consultant shift working if it was time limited and a structured part of career development, …
High Frequency of Germline p53 Mutations in Childhood Adrenocortical Cancer
Authors: J. Wagner, C. Portwine, K. Rabin, J.-M. Leclerc, S. A. Narod, D. Malkin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article High Frequency of Germline p53 Mutations in Childhood Adrenocortical Cancer Get access Josephine Wagner, Josephine Wagner Department of Human Genetics, McGill UniversityMontreal, Quebec, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carol Portwine, Carol Portwine Division of Oncology, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Ontario, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Karen Rabin, Karen Rabin Division of Oncology, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Ontario, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-Marie Leclerc, Jean-Marie Leclerc Department of Oncology, Hôpital St. JustineMontreal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Steven A. Narod, Steven A. Narod Department of Human Genetics, McGill UniversityMontreal, Quebec, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Malkin David Malkin Division of Oncology, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Ontario, Canada Correspondence to: David Malkin, M.D., Division of Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 22, 16 November 1994, Pages 1707–1710, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.22.1707 Published: 16 November 1994 Article history Received: 13 April 1994 Revision received: 10 August 1994 Accepted: 23 August 1994 Published: 16 November 1994
Increased serum high‐mobility group box‐1 and cleaved receptor for advanced glycation endproducts levels and decreased endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation endproducts levels in diabetic and non‐diabetic patients with heart failure
Authors: Ling Jie Wang, Lin Lu, Feng Ru Zhang, Qiu Jing Chen, Raffaele De Caterina, Wei Feng Shen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
The Learning-Disabled or Hyperactive Child
Authors: Stephen I. Sulzbacher
Journal: JAMA (1975)

IT IS an unfortunate truism that most of the diagnostic procedures used with children who have learning disabilities and hyperactivity are not helpful in deciding on treatment. Although at least 92 diagnostic terms have been used to describe behavior and learning disorders in children with average intelligence,<sup>1</sup>the terms "learning disability," "minimal brain dysfunction" (MBD), and "hyperactivity" seem to have gained widespread acceptance. The term "MBD" is most frequently used in medical literature, while "learning disability" and "hyperactivity" are most frequently used by educators and psychologists. Peters et al<sup>2</sup>have suggested that "MBD" be used as the term to describe children who have both a learning disability and hyperactivity, that "learning disability" be reserved for children with academic difficulty but no signs of overactivity, and that "hyperactivity" be applied to overactive or impulsive children who nevertheless are performing satisfactorily academically. The children with both symptom complexes—MBD—are the largest
Serum copper and its relationship to clinical symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D H Brown, W W Buchanan, A F el-Ghobarey, W E Smith, J Teape
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Total serum copper and ultrafilterable copper levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were determined and related to articular index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum iron concentration. Relationships were found between serum copper and ESR, and between ultrafilterable copper and articular index. The relationship between serum copper and serum iron was found to be a drug-dependent.
Isolation of Aspergillus species from the airway of lung transplant recipients is associated with excess mortality
Authors: T.W. Felton, S.A. Roberts, B. Isalska, S. Brennan, A. Philips, S. Whiteside, H.M. Doran, C. Leonard, M. Al-Aloul, N. Yonan, W.W. Hope
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Toxic Risks: Science, Regulation, and Perception
Authors: Clark W. Heath
Journal: JAMA (1994)

There may be no more difficult topic for scientific communication than that of toxic environmental risks. Not only is the subject scientifically complex, involving several different specialized disciplines, notably toxicology and epidemiology, but it is highly sensitive from the viewpoint of society. While scientific knowledge must be interpreted for regulatory purposes, however incomplete that knowledge may be, public perceptions greatly color how such regulations and their scientific underpinnings are understood. Emotions often run high and understanding low when possibilities of community-wide exposures to radiation or chemicals are raised. In such settings, explanations from scientific and regulatory authorities can seem obscure or contradictory because of the sheer complexity of scientific data, of risk assessment procedures, and of the regulatory process itself. Unfortunately, when such situations arise, and they do so not infrequently, simplistic and often distorted explanations are likely to receive greater attention and credence than sober ones that put scientific
Investigation of genetic variants regulating the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor, subtype 5 (GRM5) mRNA in human brain
Authors: Jian Wang, David Saffen
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background The metabotropic glutamate receptor, subtype 5 (GRM5) regulates cell excitability and neurotransmission and has been suggested to play a modifying role in several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). The observation that GRM5 inhibitors ameliorate symptoms and slow the degradation of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons in rodent models of PD suggests that low expression of GRM5 may also reduce symptoms in human patients and, possibly, slow the development of the disease. The goal of the present study is quantify common variation of GRM5 mRNA expression in human brain and identify haplotypes or combinations of genotypes that correlate with mRNA expression. Haplotypes and genotype combinations that predict mRNA expression should be useful as markers in genetic association studies aimed at detecting possible contributions of GRM5 to PD and other disorders.
The effect of direct translocation across endosomes on the cytotoxicity of the recombinant protein e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 to HER2 positive gastric cancer cells
Authors: Jun-Lin Ren, Yan-Ling Meng, Bin Hu, Lin-Tao Jia, Rui Zhang, Yan-Ming Xu, Qiao-Sheng Xie, Ying-Qi Zhang, Bo-Quan Jin, Si-Yi Chen, Tao Wang, An-Gang Yang
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Lenalidomide in combination with melphalan and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis: a multicenter phase 1/2 dose-escalation study
Authors: Philippe Moreau, Arnaud Jaccard, Lotfi Benboubker, Bruno Royer, Xavier Leleu, Franck Bridoux, Gilles Salles, Veronique Leblond, Murielle Roussel, May Alakl, Olivier Hermine, Lucie Planche, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Jean-Paul Fermand
Journal: Blood (2010)
Discovery of Q203, a potent clinical candidate for the treatment of tuberculosis
Authors: Kevin Pethe, Pablo Bifani, Jichan Jang, Sunhee Kang, Seijin Park, Sujin Ahn, Jan Jiricek, Juyoung Jung, Hee Kyoung Jeon, Jonathan Cechetto, Thierry Christophe, Honggun Lee, Marie Kempf, Mary Jackson, Anne J Lenaerts, Ha Pham, Victoria Jones, Min Jung Seo, Young Mi Kim, Mooyoung Seo, Jeong Jea Seo, Dongsik Park, Yoonae Ko, Inhee Choi, Ryangyeo Kim, Se Yeon Kim, SeungBin Lim, Seung-Ae Yim, Jiyoun Nam, Hwankyu Kang, Haejin Kwon, Chun-Taek Oh, Yoojin Cho, Yunhee Jang, Junghwan Kim, Adeline Chua, Bee Huat Tan, Mahesh B Nanjundappa, Srinivasa P S Rao, Whitney S Barnes, René Wintjens, John R Walker, Sylvie Alonso, Saeyeon Lee, Jungjun Kim, Soohyun Oh, Taegwon Oh, Ulf Nehrbass, Sung-Jun Han, Zaesung No, Jinhwa Lee, Priscille Brodin, Sang-Nae Cho, Kiyean Nam, Jaeseung Kim
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Identification of a Committed T Cell Precursor Population in Adult Human Peripheral Blood
Authors: Ludovica Bruno, Pieter Res, Mark Dessing, Marina Cella, Hergen Spits
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Here, we report data concerning the discovery in adult human peripheral blood of a precursor cell population able to differentiate into CD4+CD3+αβ+ mature T cells. These cells, which represent 0.1–0.5% of total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), express substantial levels of CD4, but lack CD3 surface expression. At a molecular level, they express the pre-T cell receptor α (pTα) gene, CD3-γ, CD-δ and CD-ε, and RAG-1 recombination enzyme and have initiated rearrangements in the T cell receptor (TCR)-β locus (D–J). Moreover, low levels of CD3ε protein, but not of TCR-β chain, can be detected in their cytoplasm. Our results suggest that CD4+CD3− cells identified in peripheral blood are different from CD3−CD4+CD8− thymocytes and may contain precursors of an extrathymic T cell differentiation pathway.
High-Altitude Flights and Risk of Cardiac Disease
Authors: Robert L. Wick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The last issue for 1988 contains a question about high-altitude flights and the risk of cardiac stress. Much of Dr Cummins'<sup>1</sup>answer is correct, but there is also an important misstatement. The federal aviation regulations in effect require that no transport aircraft may operate with a cabin altitude that exceeds the equivalent of 8000 ft above sea level. As Dr Cummins states, weather and traffic conditions may oblige the pilot to fly at the maximum operational limit of the aircraft, but passengers may normally expect to be at a cabin altitude of 8000 ft under those circumstances. The figures used for the two aircraft in question are correct. However, several other very popular jet airliners are built with somewhat lower pressurization schedules. That is, an aircraft at 35 000 ft may have a much higher cabin altitude than the 5500 ft he quotes, but in no
Primary plasmacytoma of generalized lymph nodes: A long survivor
Authors: Takafumi Matsushima, Hirokazu Murakami, Jun'Ichi Tamura, Morio Sawamura, Takuji Naruse, Jun Tsuchiya
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Extramedullary plasmacytomas are occasionally seen in the course of multiple myeloma; however, primary plasmacytomas are unusual. Most of the primary plasmacytomas arise in the upper respiratory system, but a plasmacytoma of the lymph nodes is very rare. A case of a 56‐year‐old female with primary plasmacytoma in the lower mandibular, cervical, axillary, and para‐aortic lymph nodes accompanied by IgA Kappa paraproteinemia is described. After ten courses of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone, she obtained complete response. However, 6 years later, she had a relapse of plasmacytoma in the generalized lymph nodes. She received ten treatments of melphalan‐prednisolone and again obtained complete response. She has remained well without chemotherapy or recurrent signs for 9 years. It is considered that conventional chemotheapy can be useful for primary plasmacytoma of generalized lymph nodes.
A100: Predictors of Involvement in Leisure Activities Among Children and Youth With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Sabrina Cavallo, Annette Majnemer, Ciarán M. Duffy, Debbie Ehrmann Feldman
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose:

Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis may be less involved in leisure activities compared to their healthy peers in part due to disease related factors such as pain, joint stiffness and tenderness. The main purpose of our study was to describe involvement in leisure activities, as well as to identify potential socio-demographic, disease-related, personal and environmental determinants.



Methods:

Ninety three children and youth aged 8 to 18 years diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their families participated in this cross-sectional study. Children and youth were administered the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE), which measures involvement in leisure activities (recreation, physical, social, skill-based, self-improvement). The disease characteristics were abstracted from the child's medical file (JIA sub-type, active joint count, age of diagnosis), pain perception, functional status, motivation, self-perception and perceived social support were obtained through self-report. Parents completed questionnaires on socio-demographic data, as well as on family function and environmental barriers. Multiple linear regression was used for data analysis.



Results:

The leisure activities completed by most participants (>90%) were playing computer/video games, watching television, hanging out with friends and doing homework. Least popular activities were (h10%) martial arts, gymnastics and horseback riding. The level of enjoyment was highest for social activities (mean: 4.2+0.5). Involvement in active physical activities was negatively associated with the presence of active disease (β = −0.385, p = 0.028). However a higher level of perceived athletic competence was associated with greater intensity in active physical activities (β = 0.261, p = 0.037). Higher environmental barrier scores were negatively associated with involvement in social (β = −0.222, p = 0.023) leisure activities.



Conclusion:

Disease activity may dissuade children and youth from participating in more active pursuits, which places them at greater risk for adopting sedentary lifestyles. There is evidence that contextual factors (personal and environmental) influence leisure participation. The identification of determinants of leisure activities in children and youth with arthritis may allow healthcare professionals to assess children's health needs with more precision and promote a healthier lifestyle.
Are We Asking the Right Ethics Questions on Drug Shortages? Suggestions for a Global and Anticipatory Ethics Framework
Authors: Vural Ozdemir, Yann Joly, Edward S. Dove, Aspasia Karalis, Denise Avard, Bartha M. Knoppers
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgments V. Ozdemir and Y. Joly are the recipients of a career investigator salary award from the Fonds de recherche du Québec–Santé (FRSQ). The work presented in the article is in part supported by the Canada Research Chair in Law and Medicine (B. M. Knoppers) and a research grant on anticipatory governance from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (V. Ozdemir).
Propranolol and Eye Symptoms
Authors: Thomas J. Halloran
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Eye symptoms clearly related to propranolol hydrochloride therapy are rare. The β-blocker practolol has been implicated in an oculomucocutaneous syndrome.<sup>1</sup>There is concern that a similar syndrome may be found with other β-blockers. I treated a patient who had eye symptoms associated with propranolol therapy. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 70-year-old man with hypertension and angina pectoris had been treated intermittently with propranolol since 1974. During each of three separate courses of propranolol administration, the patient had a dry, gritty sensation in both eyes and marked nocturnal photophobia. Repeated ophthalmologic examinations during symptomatic periods yielded unremarkable results except for an "early cataract" in the right eye. Specifically, results of slitlamp and conjunctival examination were normal, as were tear production and intraocular pressures. The patient showed no skin or mucous membrane lesions. The antinuclear antibody titer was negative. A variety of drugs were administered concurrently, including hydrochlorothiazide,
Diagnosis of Caroli??s Disease by Technetium-99m DISIDA Cholescintigraphy
Authors: J CABRERA, E QUINTERO, M BRUGUERA, R ALARCO, F LOMENA, P HUMBERT, P de las CASAS, J RODES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Three patients in whom Caroli's disease was diagnosed by cholangiographic methods were studied by scintigraphy with Tc-99m DISIDA. Cholescintigrams showed an intense concentration of the radionuclide in the form of round spots near the hepatic hilus in late images. In two patients with cholestasis, a delayed hepatic clearance of the radionuclide was observed, which improved when the exploration was performed after a choledocoduodenostomy. Tc-99m DISIDA is not only a good noninvaslve method to diagnose Caroli's disease, but also a useful technique to evaluate the patency of the biliary tree during the follow-up of such patients.
Eye screening in general practice with the Arden grating test.
Authors: C M Harris
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Few general practitioners are likely to have both the skills and the equipment necessary for full examination of their patients' eyes. Snellen charts test only visual acuity, and there is still a need for a simple screening procedure that indicates which patients should be referred to a specialist clinic.1 The Arden grating test is a test of visual function that uses sine-wave gratings to measure the sensitivity of the eye to contrast. In 1976 these gratings were reproduced on plates that could be made up in the form of a book.* Each eye is scored separately, using a set of six standard plates : the point at which a contrast is detected is marked against the scale on the side of the grating. Scores are affected by many factors, including the patient's age, the number and form of the plates, illumination conditions, and diseases from which the patients may be suffering.* The Arden grating test was believed to be suitable for screening in general practice. It was said to be little influenced by refractive errors, to pick up glaucoma and other sight threatening diseases in their earliest sages, and to be useful in the routine monitoring of patients with diabetes. Its place in the surgery depended therefore on three considerations: how easy it was to use, and whether or not the false-positive and false negative rates were low enough to make its adoption worthwhile. Preliminary answers to the first two of these considerations could be obtained by supplying several general practitioners with the test and having them refer all patients with abnormal scores for full eye examination. A small trial along these lines was therefore designed in co-operation with Professor Arden and Moorfields Eye Hospital. The problem of the false-negative rate was unlikely to be elucidated by this arrangement, since it was thought that not enough patients with normal scores would be willing to accept an appointment for the Moorfields clinic. A detailed report of the trial has been published elsewhere,* but it is written from the perspective of the clinic in which the patients were seen and its conclusions are based on the Arden grating tests and Snellen tests which were performed in the hospital. It deals with 140 patients, only 129 of whom were in the trial ; it includes eight who were referred with normal scores and three who did not come from the general practitioners involved. These differences affect the author's approach and results; therefore it seems worthwhile to present the findings in a way more relevant to general practice, where the interest centres on the defects discovered in patients whose abnormal scores were discovered under normal surgery conditions.
Inhibition of Cytokine Production and Cytotoxic Activity of Human Antimelanoma Specific CD8+ and CD4+ T Lymphocytes by Adenosine-Protein Kinase A Type I Signaling
Authors: Tatiana Raskovalova, Anna Lokshin, Xiaojun Huang, Yunyun Su, Maja Mandic, Hassane M. Zarour, Edwin K. Jackson, Elieser Gorelik
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of adenosine and its stable analogue 2-chloroadenosine (CADO) on the cytotoxic activity and cytokine production by human antimelanoma specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-helper type 1 (Th1) clones. The cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells was inhibited by adenosine and CADO. Using Lab MAP multiplex technology, we found that adenosine inhibits production of various cytokines and chemokines by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Studies with CGS21680, a specific agonist of adenosine A2A receptor (AdoRA2A), and ZM241385, an AdoRA2-selective antagonist, indicate that the inhibitory effects of adenosine are mediated via cyclic AMP (cAMP)–elevating AdoRA2A, leading to protein kinase A (PKA) activation. Using cAMP analogues with different affinities for the A and B sites of the regulatory subunits of PKAI and PKAII, we found that activation of PKAI, but not of PKAII, mimicked the inhibitory effects of adenosine on T-cell cytotoxic activity and cytokine production. Inhibitors of the PKA catalytic subunits (H89 and PKA inhibitor peptide 14–22) failed to abrogate the inhibitory effects of CADO. In contrast, Rp-8-Br-cAMPS that antagonizes binding of cAMP to the regulatory I subunit and PKA activation was efficient in blocking the inhibitory effect of adenosine on the functional activity of T cells. Our findings on the ability of adenosine to inhibit the effector function of antimelanoma specific T cells suggest that intratumor-produced adenosine could impair the function of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. Thus, blocking the inhibitory activity of tumor-produced adenosine might represent a new strategy for improvement of cancer immunotherapy. [Cancer Res 2007;67(12):5949–56]