tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Osteoporosis and Fractures
Authors: Angela M. Cheung, Allan S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2008)

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Magnets and Disposable Needles
Authors: Marsh Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A question concerning magnetic removal of a disposable needle (<b>194</b>:1159, 1965) called forth an answer of scepticism, and reported an experimental failure. Could a magnet bring a needle broken off in the subcutaneous tissue to the surface? Not unless the needle was of magnetizable metal, and disposable needles are not. The usual disposable needles of today do not cause trouble if left in the tissue.
Gap junctional communication controls the overall endothelial calcium response to vasoactive agonists
Authors: Petra Kameritsch, Kristin Pogoda, Angela Ritter, Silvia Münzing, Ulrich Pohl
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

A cytosolic calcium (Ca2+i) increase is an important activation signal for the endothelium. We investigated whether interendothelial spreading of the Ca2+ signal via gap junctions (GJs) plays a role for the overall Ca2+i increase in response to vasoactive agonists. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), a Ca2+i increase (Fura2) in response to histamine or ATP occurred initially only in about 30% of the cells (initially responding cells) reflecting the cell fraction expressing H1 or purinergic receptors (FACS/immunohistochemistry). In the remaining adjacent cells, Ca2+i increases occurred only after a delay of up to 5 s. Blockade of GJ communication (meclofenamic acid and heptanol, or H2O2; verified by dye injection) did not affect responses in the initially responding cells but abolished the delayed Ca2+i response of the remaining adjacent cells. The resulting reduction in the global endothelial Ca2+i response significantly reduced the nitric oxide synthesis (assessed as cGMP levels). Similar Ca2+i results were obtained in the endothelium of freshly isolated mouse (C57BL/6) aortas stimulated with ATP. The receptor-independent Ca2+i response to ionomycin occurred simultaneously in all cells, regardless of GJ inhibition. In separate experiments, inhibition of the IP3 receptor (xestospongin-C; 40, µmol/L) but not of the ryanodine receptor (ryanodine, 250 µmol/L) reduced the spread of the Ca2+i signal into adjacent cells over longer distances. The global Ca2+i response of the endothelium to agonists is determined decisively by the functionality of GJs, thus establishing a new role for GJs in controlling endothelial activity and vasomotor function.
F-MARC: the FIFA Sudden Death Registry (FIFA-SDR)
Authors: Jürgen Scharhag, Philipp Bohm, Jiri Dvorak, Tim Meyer
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Death of an athlete during sports is tragic, and sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most common cause.1–4 It is estimated, that the incidence of a SCD in athletes varies between 1:917 000 and 1:3000, whereas studies with higher methodological quality consistently report ranges between 1:40 000 to 1:80 000.5 In addition, it has been stated that subgroups and sport disciplines may be at a higher risk for SCD, such as males, African-Americans, Africans/Americans,5 basketball, football and tennis.6

As football is the most popular sport in the world, with more than about 250 million active players registered, a relevant number of professional and recreational football players may have unknown cardiovascular diseases and therefore, be at risk for SCD. In an own nationwide registry on SCD in sports (Sudden Cardiac Death Germany; http://www.scd-deutschland.de), due to the high popularity of football and therefore, the high number of active and recreational football players in Germany, football was the most commonly affected sport discipline with 20 of the 73 cases (27%) registered as SCD.7

Driven by the tragic SCD of the professional football player Marc Vivien Foe on the pitch during the FIFA Confederations Cup 2003, FIFA implemented a standardised ‘precompetition medical assessment’ (PCMA) in 2006 to detect cardiovascular pathologies and prevent SCD or sudden cardiac arrests (SCA; survived or successfully resuscitated cardiac death) in football players. Nevertheless, the optimisation of preventive sports medical screening programmes depends on the knowledge about the underlying diseases leading to sudden deaths as well as their regional, age and gender distribution, as the cardiovascular pathologies of SCD/SCA seem to differ …
Polysaccharide-mediated protection against abscess formation in experimental intra-abdominal sepsis.
Authors: A O Tzianabos, D L Kasper, R L Cisneros, R S Smith, A B Onderdonk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Abscess formation is a major complication of intra-abdominal sepsis that causes significant morbidity and mortality. In such cases, Bacteroides fragilis is the predominant anaerobic isolate. In a rat model of intra-abdominal sepsis, the capsular polysaccharide complex (CPC) from B. fragilis promotes abscess formation and when administered sub-cutaneously, protects against this host response by a T cell-dependent immune mechanism. In the present study, the polysaccharide A (PS A) component of CPC protected animals against challenge with live heterologous bacterial species (mixtures of anaerobes and facultative organisms) that are most commonly isolated from intra-abdominal abscesses in humans. Protection against heterologous bacterial challenge was transferred by T cells. Administration of PS A shortly before or even after challenge with B. fragilis protected against this host response. In experiments designed to simulate fecal contamination of the human peritoneal cavity, PS A protected animals against abscess formation induced by a rat cecal contents inoculum. The surprisingly broad protective activity of PS A indicates that this molecule is likely suppressing a nonspecific host tissue reaction that forms in response to a variety of abscess-inducing organisms and that it might be useful in preventing abscess formation associated with intra-abdominal sepsis in the clinical setting.
Activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol induces KLF2 expression conferring an endothelial vasoprotective phenotype
Authors: J. Gracia-Sancho, G. Villarreal, Y. Zhang, G. Garcia-Cardena
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Resveratrol activates Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase which modulates metabolic homeostasis and improves several pathophysiological features present in diseases of ageing. In particular, it has been shown that SIRT1 activation improves endothelial dysfunction and suppresses vascular inflammation, two central pathophysiological processes involved in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease. The downstream targets of SIRT1 activation in this context, however, remain poorly defined. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to characterize mechanistically how SIRT1 activation regulates the endothelial vasoprotective phenotype. We demonstrate that SIRT1 activation by resveratrol increases the expression of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) in human vascular endothelial cells, resulting in the orchestrated regulation of transcriptional programs critical for conferring an endothelial vasoprotective phenotype. Moreover, we show that KLF2 upregulation by resveratrol occurs via a mitogen-activated protein kinase 5/myocyte enhancing factor 2-dependent signalling pathway. Collectively, these observations provide a new mechanistic framework to understand the vascular protective effects mediated by SIRT1 activators and define KLF2 as a critical mediator of these effects.
Emerging OP354-Like P[8] Rotaviruses Have Rapidly Dispersed from Asia to Other Continents
Authors: Mark Zeller, Elisabeth Heylen, Susan Damanka, Corinna Pietsch, Celeste Donato, Tsutomu Tamura, Ruta Kulkarni, Ritu Arora, Nigel Cunliffe, Leena Maunula, Christiaan Potgieter, Sana Tamim, Sarah De Coster, Elena Zhirakovskaya, Salwa Bdour, Helen O’Shea, Carl D. Kirkwood, Mapaseka Seheri, Martin Monene Nyaga, Jeffrey Mphahlele, Shobha D. Chitambar, Ron Dagan, George Armah, Nina Tikunova, Marc Van Ranst, Jelle Matthijnssens
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

The majority of human group A rotaviruses possess the P[8] VP4 genotype. Recently, a genetically distinct subtype of the P[8] genotype, also known as OP354-like P[8] or lineage P[8]-4, emerged in several countries. However, it is unclear for how long the OP354-like P[8] gene has been circulating in humans and how it has spread. In a global collaborative effort 98 (near-)complete OP354-like P[8] VP4 sequences were obtained and used for phylogeographic analysis to determine the viral migration patterns. During the sampling period, 1988–2012, we found that South and East Asia acted as a source from which strains with the OP354-like P[8] gene were seeded to Africa, Europe, and North America. The time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of all OP354-like P[8] genes was estimated at 1987. However, most OP354-like P[8] strains were found in three main clusters with TMRCAs estimated between 1996 and 2001. The VP7 gene segment of OP354-like P[8] strains showed evidence of frequent reassortment, even in localized epidemics, suggesting that OP354-like P[8] genes behave in a similar manner on the evolutionary level as other P[8] subtypes. The results of this study suggest that OP354-like P[8] strains have been able to disperse globally in a relatively short time period. This, in combination with a relatively large genetic distance to other P[8] subtypes, might result in a lower vaccine effectiveness, underscoring the need for a continued surveillance of OP354-like P[8] strains, especially in countries where rotavirus vaccination programs are in place.
Effect of monoclonal antibodies to enteroglucagon on ileal adaptation after proximal small bowel resection.
Authors: M Gregor, H Menge, R Stossel, E O Riecken
Journal: Gut (1987)

On the basis of circumstantial clinical and experimental evidence, it has been suggested that enteroglucagon (EG) may act as an enterotrophic factor. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of long term in vivo immunoneutralisation of EG, using monoclonal antibodies to EG, on the hyperplastic ileal response after small bowel resection. Nineteen rats had a 70% proximal resection. A group of 10 rats was given iv 0.5 ml of undiluted hybridoma ascites immediately after the operation and on the 7th day postoperatively. Furthermore 0.025 ml/day of the same hybridoma ascitic fluid was continuously delivered ip for 14 days via mini-osmotic pumps. The hybridoma ascites was prepared from the clone 23.6B4 synthesising a monoclonal antibody directed toward the N-terminal to central region of the glucagon molecule which showed a marked crossreaction with EG. A control group of 9 rats was given a corresponding amount of antibody-free plasmacytoma ascites (Ag 8.653) by the same technique. Seven and 14 days postoperatively there was a plasma anti-EG-antibody excess with an excess binding capacity of 84.9 glucagon eq nM and 88.5 glucagon eq nM respectively. The three dimensional architecture and the proliferative activity of the ileal remnant were evaluated two weeks postoperatively. Despite a continuous immunoneutralisation of circulating endogenous EG by monoclonal antibodies, the adaptive response of the ileal remnants was of the same magnitude as that seen in the control group. These data do not support the hypothesis that EG is a circulating enterotrophic regulatory peptide.
AN ANTISENSE INHIBITOR OF APOLIPOPROTEIN C-III LOWERS FASTING PLASMA APOLIPOPROTEIN C-III AND TRIGLYCERIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
Authors: Vickie Alexander, Trish Novak, Nicholas Viney, John Su, Jennifer Burkey, Walter Singleton, Richard Geary, Isis Pharmaceuticals
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Studies on hemolytic anemia in pregnancy with evidence for autoimmunization in a patient with a negative direct antiglobulin (coombs') test
Authors: Priscilla Yam, Lee Wilkinson, L. D. Petz, George Garratty
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract Three patients were studied who had acquired hemolytic anemia during pregnancy. One patient had a relapsing hemolytic anemia of pregnancy with a negative direct antiglobulin test. Previously reported cases have been presumed to be antibody‐mediated because of rapid destruction of transfused blood, transient hemolysis in the newborn, and a favorable response to corticosteroid therapy. Our findings with the complement‐fixation antibody consumption (CFAC) test offer support for an immune pathogenesis, since we documented abnormal concentrations of IgG on the patient's red cells during pregnancy and also on a sample of cord blood. The hemolytic anemia responded partially to prednisone during pregnancy and resolved postpartum. A repeat CFAC test postpartum revealed a marked reduction in the number of IgG molecules per red cell on the mother's cells, and IgG was no longer detectable on the infant's red cells. The other patients had serologic abnormalities characteristic of an autoimmune hemolytic anemia with an IgG warm autoantibody. The patients were followed closely during pregnancy because of previous reports of life‐threatening morbidity in mothers, as well as stillbirths, neonatal death, and seriously affected infants. An amniocentesis was performed in one patient because of persistent hemolysis in spite of prednisone therapy. The mothers and their infants did well, but serologic abnormalities and mild hemolytic anemia persisted in both mothers. Therefore, an elective splenectomy was performed with significant improvement in both instances.
In vivo externalization of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the membrane bilayer and hypercoagulability by the lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes in rats.
Authors: S K Jain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Phospholipid distribution across erythrocyte membrane bilayer is asymmetrical. In normal erythrocytes, entire phosphatidylserine (PS) and most of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is present on the cytoplasmic side of membrane bilayer, whereas phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) are predominantly present at the outer side of membrane bilayer. The present study was undertaken to determine whether membrane lipid peroxidation has any effect on the distribution of PS, PE, and PC across erythrocyte membrane bilayer in vivo in an animal model. Erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation was induced in rats by administering phenylhydrazine, an oxidant drug. Membrane phospholipid organization was determined by using bee venom phospholipase-A2 and indirectly by measuring clotting time on recalcification of normal human platelet-poor plasma in the presence of Russell's viper venom. Phenylhydrazine administration to rats caused significant membrane lipid peroxidation as measured by the accumulation of malonyldialdehyde (MDA), an end product of fatty acid peroxidation, as well as externalization of a significant portion of PS and PE from the inner to the outer side of membrane bilayer in erythrocytes. There was a significant positive correlation (r) between the amount of MDA accumulated in the erythrocytes and the movement of PS (r = 0.92) and PE (r = 0.96) from inner to the outer membrane bilayer and PC (r = 0.81) from outer to the inner membrane bilayer. Erythrocytes of phenylhydrazine-treated rats also showed significantly reduced clotting time. This reduction in clotting time had a significant positive correlation with MDA accumulation (r = 0.92) and PS externalization (r = 0.90). Both the effect of phenylhydrazine on erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and alterations in phospholipid organization and coagulability were blocked when rats were simultaneously administered with vitamin E or C antioxidants.
EVALUATION OF MULTIPLE CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE CORONARY THROMBUS
Authors: Alok Ravindra Amraotkar, Patrick Trainor, Charles W. Hargis, Ilya Chernyauskiy, Shesh N. Rai, Aruni Bhatnagar, Andrew DeFilippis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Epiphyseal Ossification Center Visualization
Authors: Melvyn H. Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN A PREVIOUS REPORT<sup>1</sup>it was estimated that 98.6% of infants whose distal femoral epiphyseal ossification centers were visible on antepartum films of the maternal abdomens would be mature. This figure was based on data obtained from films of the knees of 124 premature infants and on assumptions of epiphyseal ossification center visibility based on 1,935 births. Antepartum films of the abdomen were not studied, and no comment was made regarding any difference which might exist in prediction reliability between Caucasians and Negroes. It was observed that the high percentage figure of 98.6 was heavily influenced by the large number of term infants whose epiphyseal centers were presumed to be present. Since the problem of prematurity as a possible impediment to induction of labor or elective repeat Caesarean section is ordinarily posed at the 36th or 37th week of pregnancy and not at term, it was thought that this
Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) is an NMDA antagonist, neuroprotectant and neurotoxin
Authors: V. Jevtović-Todorović, S. M. Todorovć, S. Mennerick, S. Powell, K. Dikranian, N. Benshoff, C. F. Zorumski, J. W. Olney
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Myositis Ossificans with Ga-67 Citrate Positivity
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, MICHAEL A. YEDINAK, MELVIN J. SPICER, GOTTLIEB L. TURNBULL, BILL F. BYRD, TOMMY J. BROWN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A 16-year-old boy presented with a firm mass within the left thigh. Ga-67 citrate and bone scintigraphy revealed soft tissue radiotracer accumulation within the mass lesion. Radiographs and xerography of the left thigh revealed calcification within the soft tissue mass typical of myositis ossificans. The patient's clinical course was uneventful.
Distinct TLR-mediated pathways regulate house dust mite–induced allergic disease in the upper and lower airways
Authors: Ji-Hwan Ryu, Jung-Yeon Yoo, Min-Ji Kim, Sang-Gyu Hwang, Kwang Chul Ahn, Jae-Chan Ryu, Mi-Kyung Choi, Jung Hee Joo, Chang-Hoon Kim, Sang-Nam Lee, Won-Jae Lee, Jaesang Kim, Dong Min Shin, Mi-Na Kweon, Yun Soo Bae, Joo-Heon Yoon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
CXCR2-positive neutrophils are essential for cuprizone-induced demyelination: relevance to multiple sclerosis
Authors: LiPing Liu, Abdelmadjid Belkadi, Lindsey Darnall, Taofang Hu, Caitlin Drescher, Anne C Cotleur, Dolly Padovani-Claudio, Tao He, Karen Choi, Thomas E Lane, Robert H Miller, Richard M Ransohoff
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2010)
TCT-237 Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiographic Guidance of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jung-Min Ahn, Seung Mo Kang, Shin-Eui Yoon, Hyun Woo Park, Uk Jo, Young-Rak Cho, Gyung-Min Park, Won-Jang Kim, Jong-Young Lee, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids on clinical manifestations of psoriasis
Authors: A. BJORNEBOE, ANNE KLEMEYER SMITH, GUNN-ELIN AA. BJORNEBOE, P.O. THUNE, C.A. DREVON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Effect of dietary supplementation with n‐3 fatty acids on clinical manifestations of psoriasis Get access A. BJØRNEBOE, A. BJØRNEBOE Department of Dermatology, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANNE KLEMEYER SMITH, ANNE KLEMEYER SMITH Department of Dermatology, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GUNN‐ELIN AA. BJØRNEBOE, GUNN‐ELIN AA. BJØRNEBOE Anders Bjørneboe, National Institute of Forensic Toxicology, P.B. 16 Gaustad 0320 Oslo 3, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.O. THUNE, P.O. THUNE Department of Dermatology, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A. DREVON C.A. DREVON Department of Dermatology, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 1, 1 January 1988, Pages 77–83, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01753.x Published: 01 January 1988
Variability of indexes for myocardial ischemia: A comparison of exercise treadmill test, ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and symptoms of myocardial ischemia
Authors: Koonlawee Nademanee, Peter D. Christenson, Vanida Intarachot, Helen A. Robertson, Freny Vaghaiwalla Mody
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)