tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health secretary should resign over training application debacle, say junior doctors
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The government has admitted that it will have to wait years before it discovers whether there are real productivity gains from the new consultants' contract.NHS leaders also told the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts last week that lessons had been learnt from mistakes made when the contract was introduced, such as not piloting it before implementation.They were giving evidence as part of the committee's inquiry into the consultants' contract.The session was prompted by the publication earlier this month of a report from the government's
No Mandatory Retirement From Therapy
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Many who are approaching 60 to 65 dread their impending mandatory retirement. Even those who looked forward to it with joyful anticipation often find that neither the pleasures of leisure, nor the pursuit of hobbies, nor an ersatz second career makes for the good life. Unfortunately, the anguish associated with forced retirement has not received the deserved attention by employers in either the public or the private sector. Despite complaints and protests, the active older man is still denied the opportunity to pursue his vocation—his only key to meaningful life. One can draw a parallel between this denial and the denial of major surgery at the cutoff age. Benefits of drastic surgical procedures are often withheld from the older patient because of considerations of increased risk and decreased life expectancy. However important these considerations may be, they do not conceal an element of rationalization. One can detect an underlying assumption
Messages From Afar
Authors: Gary G. Kardos
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORNEAL BURNS FROM ACCIDENTS IN THE USE OF CURLING IRONS. REPORT OF SIX CASES.
Authors: JOHN O. McREYNOLDS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

This unusual form of traumatism is worthy of mention, because of the severity of the pain, the grave apprehensions of the patient and the uniformly speedy and complete recovery. In the six cases that have recently come under my observation (Mrs. W., Miss L., Miss E., Miss M., Miss L. and Miss H.) the injury was received directly upon the cornea by dropping the hot curling-iron upon the open upturned eye. The extent of the injury has varied from three square millimeters in area to a third of the corneal surface. In the severer cases the pain has been very intense unless continually relieved by local anesthetics. The seared superficial epithelium in a few hours exfoliates in a white opaque mass, leaving beneath a denuded corneal surface, which soon becomes, under favorable treatment, re-covered with normal epithelium and within a few days the eye is perfectly well. In corneal injuries
Manifestation, diagnosis, and management of foodborne trematodiasis
Authors: T. Furst, S. Sayasone, P. Odermatt, J. Keiser, J. Utzinger
Journal: BMJ (2012)

#### Summary points

Foodborne trematodiasis is a cluster of zoonotic infections caused by parasitic worms (class: trematoda; also known as flukes), which are transmitted via the ingestion of contaminated, mainly aquatic, food. More than one billion people are at risk of infection according to a systematic review from 2005.1 Another systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that 56 million people were infected in 2005, mainly in Asia and Latin America, with a global burden of 665 000 disability adjusted life years.2

Depending on the fluke species, foodborne trematodiasis is associated with a variety of signs, symptoms, and pathological consequences. The non-specificity of the clinical manifestations, the wide range of fluke species, and shortcomings in current diagnostic techniques are some of the reasons why foodborne trematodiasis is underestimated.3 4

This review introduces the most important foodborne trematode species and describes their geographical distribution. It also discusses pathological consequences, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, …
Constraints of Indian women participation in games and sports
Authors: Nalluri Srinivasa Rao
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

‘Women in Sport’ has been a topic virtually ignored by most scholars and thus female sport participation has been a relatively undeveloped area of research. Sex role, stereotyping, male research bias and the reward structure of society have contributed to this neglect. Currently, sport for women represents a fast growing changing element in Indian culture, and recent trends have sparked a need for knowledge about the female sport participation. <h3>Statement of the problem</h3> The problem under investigation was a study on the constraints of women participation in sports in India. The constraints referred to in the problem stated above will be confined to the study of parental, community, tradition, religion, college and personal constraints of women participation in sports in India. <h3>Significance of the Study</h3> This study has brought to light some new facts regarding women9s non-participation in games and sports. The results may go a long way in removing some of these prejudices, thus, some hidden talents of women will be helpful to improve the level of participation and achievement at the national and international level. <h3>Population</h3> The population under this study was college women who were studying Pre-Degree, Degree and PG Colleges in the Arts, Science and Professional Colleges in India. <h3>Sample</h3> Thousand women of 25 colleges were selected from 12 states in India on a random sampling basis. They were the subjects for the present study and they were selected from selected states in India. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There has been lack of encouragement from the parents and family members. The traditional way of living was a big hurdle for women taking part in games and sports. There was lack of sports orientation of the people living in the society. Taking part in games and sports for women has not been become a common phenomenon. There had not been a good leadership among physical education personnel and a proper motivating system. It has been clearly found that government college women had expressed more constraints compared to private college women.
AIDS vaccine may offer hope only for some ethnic groups
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

An AIDS vaccine, which has been in phase III trials for the past three years, has failed to show a significant reduction in the development of HIV among the those who were vaccinated, the manufacturer, VaxGen, has announced.

But the vaccine has shown a significant reduction in certain ethnic groups, indicating that black and Asian volunteers may have produced higher levels of antibodies against HIV than white and Hispanic volunteers.

The full trial results are to be …
Management of postoperative bronchopleural fistula with a tracheobronchial stent in a patient requiring mechanical ventilation
Authors: Valentina Bellato, G. M. Ferraroli, D. De Caria, M. V. Infante, U. Cariboni, M. R. Spoto, M. Alloisio, G. Bordone
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
874 IDN-6556, the first anti-apoptotic caspase inhibitor in clinical trials: tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics
Authors: L CHEN, N HOGLEN, C FISHER, K VALENTINO, P CONTRERAS
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) may involve failure of programmed cell death (apoptosis) to eliminate potentially pathogenic, autoreactive T lymphocytes. This failure may be caused by multiple abnormalities of the cell death machinery. In this study, we investigated the expression of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, cellular IAP-1, IAP-2, and X-linked IAP (XIAP), in T lymphocytes from patients with active relapsing-remitting MS and appropriate controls. The expression of IAP proteins was significantly higher in mitogen-stimulated intrathecal and peripheral T lymphocytes from MS patients when compared to corresponding expressions from inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurologic controls, and healthy individuals. IAP proteins were also expressed in resting (unstimulated) T lymphocytes predominantly from MS patients. The heightened expression of IAP proteins in MS patients correlated with T lymphocyte resistance to apoptosis, and was independent of cellular expression of the death receptor protein Fas. In contrast, cellular expression of the anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 was relatively similar between MS patients and the control groups. These findings suggest that over-expression of IAP proteins in mitogen-stimulated T lymphocytes is a feature of multiple sclerosis.
Distribution and Supervision of Oral Contraceptives
Authors: N. Chisholm
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Dr. Godfrey described the increased in- hibition of bronchoconstriction after 60 mg indoramin compared with 50 mg taken by the same patient on a different occasion as a "quite extraordinary dose-related phen- omenon."Admittedly the dose-response curve in this one patient appears to be steep, nevertheless the result is consistent with what one would expect of a drug with antagonist activity.Many more experiments with patients receiving several doses of indoramin seem necessary to determine that this dose relationship is unusual.Professor Bianco and his colleagues claimed that indoramin prevented specific airway conductance falling below the pretreatment con- trol level in all cases.This is inconsistent, however, with the results published for cases 2, 3, 9, and 10 in their table III.Fortunately, these inconsistencies do not detract from the authors' overall condlusions.From our analysis of their work we would conclude that under the limitations imposed by their methodology the evidence is consistent with indoramin preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in five patients, decreas- ing it in five, and not leading to any im- provement in one.It would be of interest to learn from the investigators how the patients' symptomatology was affected by alpha-blockade.For it could be argued that if indoramin abolished the asthmatic symp- toms it prevented exercise-induced "asthma" while only partially antagonizing exercise- induced "bronchoconstriction."-We are, etc.,
ECMO patients overestimated
Authors: A. R. Davies, C. McArthur, I. M. Seppelt, S. A. R. Webb
Journal: BMJ (2010)

We wish to point out a misinterpretation of our results in an otherwise useful review of extracorporeal life support.1 The authors suggested that a third of patients admitted to intensive care with severe respiratory failure during the recent H1N1 influenza A pandemic needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). …
The Public Release of Performance Data
Authors: Martin N. Marshall, Paul G. Shekelle, Sheila Leatherman, Robert H. Brook
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Information about the performance of hospitals, health professionals, and health care organizations has been made public in the United States for more than a decade. The expected gains of public disclosure have not been made clear, and both the benefits and potential risks have received minimal empirical investigation.To summarize the empirical evidence concerning public disclosure of performance data, relate the results to the potential gains, and identify areas requiring further research.A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for articles published between January 1986 and October 1999 in peer-reviewed journals. Review of citations, public documents, and expert advice was conducted to identify studies not found in the electronic databases.Descriptive, observational, or experimental evaluations of US reporting systems were selected for inclusion.Included studies were organized based on use of public data by consumers, purchasers, physicians, and hospitals; impact on quality of care outcomes; and costs.Seven US reporting systems have been the subject of published empirical evaluations. Descriptive and observational methods predominate. Consumers and purchasers rarely search out the information and do not understand or trust it; it has a small, although increasing, impact on their decision making. Physicians are skeptical about such data and only a small proportion makes use of it. Hospitals appear to be most responsive to the data. In a limited number of studies, the publication of performance data has been associated with an improvement in health outcomes.There are several potential gains from the public disclosure of performance data, but use of the information by provider organizations for quality improvement may be the most productive area for further research.
Meningitis Due to Streptococcus anginosus
Authors: John A. Koepke
Journal: JAMA (1965)

STREPTOCOCCUS ANGINOSUS (Lancefield group F) is rarely associated with disease, and the occurrence of meningitis due to this organism has been reported only rarely.<sup>1-3</sup>The following case report is of interest because of a rare cause for meningitis. There is also a lesson to be learned regarding the routine methods of culture of cerebrospinal-fluid specimens. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient, a 38-year-old white male veteran, was first hospitalized at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Lexington, Ky, in October 1948 following a head injury. The patient was in a confused and disoriented state when he was admitted. There was cerebrospinal rhinorrhea, with drainage through a fracture of the right frontal bone, which had been demonstrated radiographically. A craniotomy was done and a tear in the dura mater overlying the frontal sinus was repaired. Recovery was uneventful, but there was residual mental impairment. In March 1962 the patient had a
A Case of Massive Gas Gangrene
Authors: J. B. Nichols
Journal: BMJ (1961)

^~~~~~~~~~~~~ĨD I C A L JoURA had been used for preparing some dandelion wine before the damson wine was made; but this had been done without the addition of boiling water, and flower wines are a good deal less acid than those prepared from fruits-usually acid in the form of lemon juice has to be added.The man has made a full and complete recovery, and when seen recently his haemoglobin was 106% (15.48 g./ 100 ml.) with a normal blood film.He told us that a number of his wine-making friends, who also had used old earthen- ware containers, had got rid of them on hearing of his illness.COMMENT Many earthenware vessels made in this country prior to this century were lead-glazed and had a very appreciable lead content (Prior and Whitehead, 1960); even to-day, on the Continent, as pointed out by Beritic and Stahuljak (1961), earthenware pots or jugs are still made with lead glazing.It is therefore hazardous to use either old glazed earthenware vessels or, possibly, even those of more recent manufacture, particularly if foreign in origin, for wine-making.Those who indulge in this pleasant and absorbing hobby would be well advised to use glass or plastic containers, which we have found very suitable for this purpose.Our tbanks are due to Dr. A. I.
Effects of sitagliptin or metformin added to pioglitazone monotherapy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Giuseppe Derosa, Pamela Maffioli, Sibilla A.T. Salvadeo, Ilaria Ferrari, Pietro D. Ragonesi, Fabrizio Querci, Ivano G. Franzetti, Gennaro Gadaleta, Leonardina Ciccarelli, Mario N. Piccinni, Angela D'Angelo, Arrigo F.G. Cicero
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Uncommon Findings in Tc-99m Macroaggregated Albumin Venography in Distal Inferior Vena Cava Obstruction
Authors: Efstratios Moralidis, Georgios Arsos, Apostolos Kambaroudis, Konstantinos Karakatsanis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

In inferior vena cava obstruction, collateral pathways allow the retrograde flow of venous blood from the lower part of the body. Unanticipated findings of Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) venography in 3 cases with deep vein thrombosis of the legs and infrarenal inferior vena cava obstruction are presented. Apart from extensive collateral networks in the legs and the abdomen, the visualization of the liver indicates a shunt of the systemic venous blood flow through the paraumbilical vein to the portal vein. The visualization of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae is attributed to venous flow through a dilated vertebral plexus, resulting in trapping of tracer in the neighboring bone marrow.
Speed up access to contraceptives to save lives, say researchers
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Background/Aim: Additional primary malignancy (APM) risk is increasing with improved prognosis of cancer survivors. In order to clarify risk factors and patients susceptible to develop APMs, we investigated the clinical features, prognosis, and approaches for diagnosis and treatment in these patients. Patients and Methods: Among 874 patients newly diagnosed with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) or hepato-biliary-pancreatic (HBP) cancers between 2011 and 2014, 124 with a synchronous and/or metachronous APM were identified. Patient characteristics, time interval between the malignancies, clue to detect APMs, treatment approaches, and prognosis were investigated. Results: Patients with APMs were older and predominantly male. Half of the metachronous APMs were detected within 3 years after the first primary malignancy (PM). The main clue to detect synchronous and metachronous APMs was preoperative screening for current PM, and follow-up of prior PM, respectively. There was no significant difference in the overall survival between colon cancer patients with or without APMs. Conclusion: Multiple PMs were present in 14.2% of patients. Male and old age were identified to be risk factors for APM. Pre-operative screening and post-operative regular follow-ups are important for detecting synchronous or metachronous APMs.
Eighty-five day postexposure follow-up study in Fischer 344 rats after repeated exposures to methyl isocyanate vapor.
Authors: E H Fowler, D E Dodd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The objectives of this study were to describe the microscopic lesions in the respiratory tract of Fischer 344 rats as a result of 4- or 8-days exposure (6 hr/day) of 3 ppm MIC and to characterize the postexposure development of these lesions up to day 85. All rats survived the exposure regimen, although significant decreases in body weight and encrustation of the eyes, nose, or mouth were observed. During the first 15 days of postexposure, the rats were hypoactive and had increased respiratory rates. Male mortality was as high as 63%; only 5% of the MIC-exposed females died. The cause of death was interpreted to be respiratory compromise complicated by anorexia and probably dehydration as well. During the next 28 postexposure days, 48% of the male survivors died, while only 3% of the female survivors died. Throughout the 85-day postexposure period, body weight gains in the MIC-treated groups were consistently below control values. Inflammatory and squamous metaplastic lesions of the respiratory tract, observed the day following completion of either the 4- or 8-day exposure regimen, decreased in both frequency and/or severity in survivors of the 85-day postexposure period, indicating recovery from the cytotoxic and irritating effects of MIC vapor. The squamous metaplastic epithelium was replaced by regenerative epithelium beginning in the deeper portion of the respiratory tract.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
INCOME FROM MEDICAL PRACTICE
Authors: R. G. LELAND
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Perhaps, as he wrote the letter to Timothy in the first century A. D., Paul voiced a keen appreciation of the social and economic stress of the times when he said "the laborer is worthy of his hire." It may not be unreasonable to interpret this phrase as implying also a relative scale of values as applied to various types of service. It is not possible in a brief statement to trace accurately through the centuries all the influences that have contributed to the present economic system, and although much of the early information on economics pertains to society at large and the lavish expenditures on wars, and certain public improvements achieved by unpaid slave labor, yet it is possible to catch a glimpse of some of the economic peaks and canyons of our early professional confrères. A few examples of physicians' fees and incomes may be given to show
The Milroy Lectures on the Influence of the Dwelling upon Health: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London
Authors: J. F. J. Sykes
Journal: BMJ (1901)

exposed to the unhealthy influence on his heart of confine- mnent to a close office or shop, worry, irregular hasty feeding, alcoholic indulgence in connection with his trade or profes- sion, and unwise attempts at violent muscular exercise at the week-end or in the holiday season; or lie may be guilty of entire disregard of the rules of bodily and mental hlygiene, and bring on in this way premature degeneration of hiis cardio-vascular system.Still more numerous are the causes at work in the production of " soldier's heart."We have but to picture to ourselves, if we can, the physical strain, the mental excitement, the bodily lhardsllips-including exposure to both extremes of temperature-and the coarse fare whlichl htave been the lot of many tlhousands of our brave troops in the Boer war, to understand how the figlhting soldier " ages ' quickly, and in particular ages in his heart and arteries.Add to these unfavourable influences syphilis, alcohol, and tobacco, which unfortunately must be added in many instances, and the chance of escape from grave disease of the circulation in the soldier is practically nil.But the soldier's lieart is also met with elsewhiere than in the army.The clergyman from the slums, whlo has lived and toiled and fought witlh various success thlrouglh alternate periods of excitement and depression, and lhas thus suffered muchl bothl in mind and body, comes to uls witlh hiigh-tension pulse, a tortuous radial artery, a large heart, and a systolic murmur over the aorta, and complains of ani attack of angrina.-is wife, who lhas laboured in the parishl for years (slhe is 76 and still active in lher work of clharity), lhas also a tlhickened radial artery, a large heart, and a systolic basic murmur, witlh no
MARS treatment in patients affected by acute liver failure or acute on chronic liver failure: the catholic university experience
Authors: Cristiana Di Campli, Rita Gaspari, Sonia Mensi, Maria Assunta Zocco, Anna Chiara Piscaglia, Giovanna Stifano, Lorenzo Zileri Dal Verme, Andrea Lupascu, Enrico Celestino Nista, Niccolo' Gentiloni, Rodolfo Proietti, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Antonio Gasbarrini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)