tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Muscarinic receptors on intact human fibroblasts. Absence of receptor activity in adult skin cells.
Authors: D A Van Riper, M P Absher, R H Lenox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The intact human fibroblast has been used in clinical and basic research studies of receptor-mediated control of cell function, however there is little information about the relationship between muscarinic receptor density and the regulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation. We have compared the muscarinic receptor characteristics of both lung and skin intact fibroblasts at fetal and adult stages of development using carbachol-mediated inhibition of cAMP accumulation and the binding of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB). Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) stimulated cAMP accumulation in all four cell lines, while carbachol inhibited cAMP accumulation only in the fetal lung, adult lung, and to a lesser extent, the fetal skin. Adult skin fibroblasts did not display significant evidence of inhibitory muscarinic receptor activity. [3H]QNB binding was saturable for the fetal and adult lung, and the fetal skin, yielding Kd values of approximately 0.5 nM for these cell lines. Bmax values were 360 fmol/mg for fetal skin, 600 fmol/mg for adult lung, and 876 fmol/mg for the fetal lung. Specific binding of [3H]QNB to adult skin fibroblasts was found to be low and variable. Comparisons of the Bmax values and maximal inhibitory capacities showed that the receptor density paralleled receptor activity in all cell lines. The lack of muscarinic receptor activity in the adult skin fibroblast was confirmed in several different adult skin cell lines, indicating that the adult skin fibroblast may not be an appropriate model for muscarinic receptor activity in clinical investigations.
Prevalence of beta 2-glycoprotein I antibody in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with beta 2-glycoprotein I dependent antiphospholipid antibodies.
Authors: J Matsuda, N Saitoh, M Gotoh, K Gohchi, M Tsukamoto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

To investigate whether beta 2-glycoprotein I antibody (aGPI) exists in sera that are positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Thirty six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited. GPI independent and dependent aPL (anticardiolipin (aCL), antiphosphatidylserine, antiphosphatidylinositol, antiphosphatidic acid) were measured using a conventional enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). aGPI was measured by an ELISA using a gamma irradiated plate coated with purified GPI. Twenty of 36 SLE patients were positive for at least one of the GPI-dependent aPL. Five of these 20 were also positive for aGPI. Another five of the 20 showed low GPI dependency aCL antibodies; however, three of these patients required GPI for binding to phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, or both. We confirmed the existence of aGPI in patients with true GPI dependent aPL. From these results, we recommend the use of a gamma irradiated plate with GPI as antigen for the detection of true GPI dependent aPL or aGPI.
Bronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tracheobronchial endometriosis.
Authors: P. H. Kuo, H. C. Wang, Y. S. Liaw, S. H. Kuo
Journal: Thorax (1996)

The case is described of a 31 year old woman who presented with complaints of recurrent haemoptysis coinciding with menstruation. Bronchoscopic examination revealed multiple purplish-red submucosal lesions on the right side of the trachea and bilateral bronchial trees which appeared during her menses and regressed in the intermenstrual periods. Brush cytology revealed cell clusters consistent with endometrial origin. Bronchial angiography demonstrated prominent vasculature at the right paratracheal area and bilateral bronchial trees corresponding to the lesions seen on bronchoscopic examination. Her haemoptysis was satisfactorily controlled by danazol therapy and follow up bronchoscopy showed disappearance of the tracheobronchial lesions. To our knowledge this is the first case of thoracic endometriosis with tracheal involvement.
Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection for en bloc resection of superficial pharyngeal carcinomas
Authors: K. Okada, T. Tsuchida, A. Ishiyama, T. Taniguchi, S. Suzuki, Y. Horiuchi, Y. Matsuo, N. Yoshizawa, T. Suganuma, M. Omae, M. Kubota, T. Hirasawa, Y. Yamamoto, M. Inamori, N. Yamamoto, A. Nakajima, J. Fujisaki, E. Hoshino, K. Kawabata, M. Igarashi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aim:</b> Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are being used increasingly to treat superficial oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. The aim of this study was to clarify whether ESD provided better results than EMR for en bloc and complete resection of superficial pharyngeal carcinomas. <b>Patients and methods:</b> A total of 76 superficial pharyngeal carcinomas in 59 consecutively treated patients were included. Patients underwent either conventional EMR (using a transparent cap or strip biopsy) (n = 45 lesions) or ESD (n = 31 lesions) between October 2006 and January 2011. The rates of en bloc resection, complete resection (defined as en bloc resection with tumor-free margins), major complications, and local recurrence were evaluated retrospectively as the therapeutic outcomes. <b>Results:</b> ESD yielded significantly higher rates of both en bloc and complete resection compared with EMR (en bloc 77.4 % [24/31] vs. 37.8 % [17/45], <i>P</i> = 0.0002; complete 54.8 % [17/31] vs. 28.9 % [13/45], <i>P</i> = 0.0379). ESD was more frequently complicated by severe laryngeal edema (4/21 [19.0 %] vs. 1/31 [3.2 %], <i>P</i> = 0.1446) and was also more time-consuming (124.9 ± 65.1 minutes vs. 57.2 ± 69.6 minutes; <i>P</i> = 0.0014). Local recurrence was observed more often after EMR than after ESD (3/45 [6.7 %] vs. 0/31 [0 %]), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (<i>P</i> = 0.2658). <b>Conclusions:</b> ESD appears to be a superior method of endoscopic resection of superficial pharyngeal carcinomas for achieving both en bloc and complete resection, although these benefits were also associated with a higher incidence of complications and a significantly longer procedure time. Large prospective studies are needed to compare ESD with conventional EMR for superficial pharyngeal carcinomas.
Increased expression of human type IIa secretory phospholipase A2 antigen in arthritic synovium
Authors: O. S Jamal, P. G Conaghan, A. M Cunningham, P. M Brooks, V. F Munro, K. F Scott
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To determine the localisation and level of expression of human type IIa secretory phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>(sPLA<sub>2</sub>) in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and non-arthritic (NA) patients and to examine the relation between sPLA<sub>2</sub> and histological features of inflammation. <h3>METHODS</h3> Immunoperoxidase staining using the anti-sPLA<sub>2</sub> monoclonal antibody 9C1 was performed on frozen sections of knee synovium of 10 RA, 10 OA, and 10 NA patients. sPLA<sub>2</sub> positive cells were scored on a scale of 0–3 in 10 fields of a representative tissue section from each case. Double labelling imunofluorescence confocal microscopy with antibodies to CD14 or CD45 and 9C1 was used to determine cell type specificity. Inflammation was assessed by semiquantitative scoring of lining layer thickness and mononuclear cell infiltrates (MC) and a cumulative inflammation score, generated by summing the two parameters. Scores in each group were compared using non-parametric statistical analysis. <h3>RESULTS</h3> sPLA<sub>2</sub> was localised to endothelium (EC), vascular smooth muscle (VSM), and mast cells (M) in all tissue sections. In RA and OA sections, staining was seen in both macrophage-like and fibroblast-like cells in the synovial lining layer (LL) and subsynovial lining layer (SLL). Perineural cells stained positively. Subintimal lymphoid aggregates (LA) were negative in all sections. The RA group showed significantly greater staining in extravascular synovial tissue (median 3.6, range 1.5–6.0) than the OA (median 1.95, range 0–5.3) or NA (median 0, range 0–5.9) groups (p&lt;0.05). LL staining was significantly higher in RA than both OA and NA sections (p&lt;0.05). The OA group showed a trend to higher staining scores than the NA group that did not reach significance. There was a significant correlation between the sPLA<sub>2</sub> staining score and inflammation score within the RA patient group (p&lt;0.05). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The synovium is a site of increased expression of sPLA<sub>2</sub> antigen in both RA and OA relative to NA. Its presence in both fibroblast and macrophage-like cells in the LL and SLL of synovial tissue in RA and OA, but not NA, indicates that the enzyme is specifically induced in these regions in both conditions with expression in the LL being particularly characteristic of RA. The widespread expression of sPLA<sub>2</sub> in synovium suggests it is likely to play a significant part in synovial pathology
Psychiatrists Increasingly Able to Assess, Treat Mental Health Problems of the Very Young
Authors: Jody W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1990)

SOME PSYCHIATRISTS are trading their couches for cribs, as it is being increasingly recognized that infants as young as a few months of age can have psychiatric disturbances. The variability in psychiatric problems in infancy is great. Causes range from organic to psychosocial to environmental. Some are common; others, extremely rare. Some have been well studied; others have just begun to be described. By the age of 3 years, 10% to 15% of children will have some type of behavior problem, according to Klaus K. Minde, MD, chair of the Division of Child Psychiatry at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. This is similar to the incidence of behavioral disorders in the general population. Some problems, such as temper tantrums, are not predictive of later adjustment disorders, but others, such as night waking, are. Advances in the assessment and treatment of disorders of infancy were discussed at a recent American Academy of
It Was Like a Cat, I Think
Authors: J. M. Cunningham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Ad Libitum16 November 1999It Was Like a Cat, I ThinkJ. M. Cunningham, MDJ. M. Cunningham, MDMobile, AL 36604 (Cunningham)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It was like a cat, I think,the way she sat. Slow,precise—she began to sinkinto the couch. Her hands on her kneeand feet close between.It was there she sat and there she sat looking at me.Next came him. Immense and sound.He arose from out of the huddleand strode over to us.To me and the woman who came to sit beside me.“Turn it to something else.Take it and turn it to something else,”he said.He to the mother sitting beside me.He to the mother whose child just died.I held her, examined ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. M. Cunningham, MDAffiliations: Mobile, AL 36604 (Cunningham)Corresponding Author: J.M. Cunningham, MD, 53 North Ann Street, Mobile, AL 36604. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEnd of Life in Pediatrics: The “Relief” of Poetry on Pain by Reaching Children's Spirituality 16 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 10Page: 789KeywordsKnees ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 November 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intravenous glucose tolerance, insulin, glucose, and free fatty acid levels after myocardial infarction
Authors: S. P. Allison, M. J. Chamberlain, P. Hinton
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Glucose tolerance tests performed on 12 patients within 15 hours of myocardial infarction and repeated two to four weeks later showed failure of insulin secretion, hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance, and high free fatty acid levels. More pronounced changes were found in patients with cardiogenic shock. These findings suggest that the therapeutic use of potassium, glucose, and insulin should be re-evaluated.
Medical School: Getting In, Staying In, Staying Human
Authors: Malinda H. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1987)

How many times have you been asked: Why did you become a doctor, and how hard was it to get into medical school? Often, the people who ask are themselves interested in going to medical school or have children who are considering a medical career. It is these people and others, such as guidance counselors, to whom Ablow offers his pragmatic advice and to whom I recommend his book.  The tone is friendly and helpful, much like a bit of brotherly advice. Because the author is a fourth-year medical student, he can tell you what you need to consider and the consequences of your choices with his own experiences freshly in mind. He may be somewhat naive when he assumes that because you read his book, you will not make the same mistakes—but it is a nice thought.  The organization and presentation are logical and easy to follow. The author
Rho-mediated regulation of tight junctions during monocyte migration across the blood-brain barrier in HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE)
Authors: Yuri Persidsky, David Heilman, James Haorah, Marina Zelivyanskaya, Raisa Persidsky, Gregory A. Weber, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Kozo Kaibuchi, Tsuneya Ikezu
Journal: Blood (2006)
Diseases of the Heart and Arteries
Authors: Missimo Calabresi
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Rather than a textbook this volume is a personal report of a lifetime experience in clinical cardiology. The author is obviously well informed of past and current literature, but names of other students and their opinions are deliberately omitted. While something is lost by this method of presentation, the author has been able to save space and gain in readability and authority. Evans properly emphasizes the "clinical approach" in preference to "extravagant" unnecessary investigation. There is no methodological opposition between clinical science, which gathers information suitable for generalization, and clinical practice, which administers to the individual patient. Yet we should not confuse aims with technical adequacy: it is indeed misleading to say that "a close estimate" of the cardiac output or the "precise shape of each of the heart's chambers" can be obtained without using more elaborate procedures than physicial examination and simple "accessory" aids. Unfortunately, the author's controversial opinions
Optimal Methods in the Treatment of Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Authors: A. Sorsby, I. Kane
Journal: BMJ (1949)

MYXOEDEMATOUS MADNESS Blood Pressure.-Insix of these cases there was hyper- tension (either a systolic pressure above 170 mm.Hg or a diastolic pressure above 100 mm.Hg). SummaryMyxoedema is a much commoner cause of psychosis than is usually believed.Treatment with thyroid usually cures the psychosis dramatically.Fourteen cases are described-nine recovered completely, two recovered partially, one showed no change, and two were fatal.There is no specific psychosis, but paranoid ideas are common.A description of myxoedema is given and methods of diagnosing it are reviewed.Photo- graphs before and after thyroid treatment give the best confirmation of the diagnosis.I want to thank the visiting doctors and magistrates who left cases uncertified so that I could keep them for thyroid treatment rather than transfer them to a mental hospital.Also I must thank Miss Buckle and Mr. Booker for their excellent photographs.I am indebted to Dr. Barnes, of Hillingdon, for Case 10, to Mr.
Massive Pulmonary Emboli Diagnosed and Followed in Progress by Lung Imaging and Radionuclide Pulmonary Angiography
Authors: E. W. KLEIN, KATHLEEN MCCARTEN, D. G. DIMCHEFF, J. T. COLVIN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

A dramatic case of occlusion of the right pulmonary artery is presented. The diagnosis was clearly established by means of a lung scan and a radionuclide pulmonary angiogram. The entire course of the disease process was followed by radionuclide studies with a gradual but persistent return to normal. Due to the preciseness of the evidence presented, contrast angiography was not. thought necessary.
Negative selection of T cells causing lethal graft-versus-host disease across minor histocompatibility barriers. Role of the H-2 complex.
Authors: R Korngold, J Sprent
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

With a model in which CBA T cells cause lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in irradiated B10.BR mice (H-2-compatible mice that express multiple minor histocompatibility antigen [HA] differences), information was sought on whether the induction phase of GVHD to minor HA is H-2 restricted. When unprimed CBA (H-2k) T cells were recirculated from blood to lymph for 1 d through irradiated H-2-compatible B10.BR or B10.K mice, the T cells underwent specific negative selection to the minor HA of the host, i.e, the filtered T cells failed to cause GVHD after transfer to B10.BR mice. With filtration through totally H-2-different B10 (H-2b), B10.D2 (H-2d), or B10.S (H-2s) mice, by contrast, no selection occurred, i.e., the filtered cells were unimpaired in their capacity to kill B10.BR mice. Selection was marked after filtration through H-2-semiallogeneic (B10 X CBA)F1 mice. These data, together with the results of filtering T cells through various H-2 recombinant strains, indicated that selection depended upon the donor and filtration host sharing determinants encoded by both the K- and D-ends of the H-2 complex. Compatibility only in the I region failed to cause demonstrable selection.
Extensive but hemiallelic methylation of the hMLH1 promoter region in early-onset sporadic colon cancers with microsatellite instability
Authors: Yasuyuki Miyakura, Kokichi Sugano, Takayuki Akasu, Teruhiko Yoshida, Masato Maekawa, Soh Saitoh, Hideyuki Sasaki, Tadashi Nomizu, Fumio Konishi, Shin Fujita, Yoshihiro Moriya, Hideo Nagai
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2004)
385. Tol2 Transposon as a Gene Therapy Vector: Characterization, Optimization and Correction of Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type 1 in Mouse
Authors: Darius Balciunas, Andrew Wilber, Kirk Wangensteen, Jason Bell, Aron Geurts, Perry B. Hackett, David A. Largaespada, R. Scott McIvor, Stephen C. Ekker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

To expand the repertoire of transposable elements available for gene transfer in higher vertebrates, we investigated the properties of the Tol2 transposon in mammalian cells and in vivo. Tol2 is a member of the hAT family of DNA transposons and is derived from an active element found in the tyrosinase gene of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). Tol2 can transpose in mouse ES cells, suggesting its potential use as a gene transfer reagent in higher vertebrates.
Interaction of kindlin-2 with integrin β3 promotes outside-in signaling responses by the αVβ3 vitronectin receptor
Authors: Zhongji Liao, Hisashi Kato, Manjula Pandey, Joseph M. Cantor, Ararat J. Ablooglu, Mark H. Ginsberg, Sanford J. Shattil
Journal: Blood (2015)
SECOND BIRTH WITH SPINA BIFIDA
Authors: E. A. Runyan
Journal: JAMA (1928)

To the Editor:  —Under Queries and Minor Notes (The Journal, March 24) appears a question on this subject. Parents of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestors have two girls of 11 and 13 both perfect in every way. One boy, aged 5 years, born with spina bifida in the lumbar region, was operated on soon after birth with the unfortunate condition that there is no control of the bowels and bladder. A baby boy born about six weeks ago has spina bifida in the cervical region (fourth and fifth cervical).  He was operated on at the age of 1 month with what we think will prove a perfect success.
Food emergency looms in war torn Sudan
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The UN World Food Programme has warned that a serious funding shortfall, despite growing evidence of a food emergency, may lead to cuts in food distribution in Sudan,.

In April the programme appealed for $130m (£80m; €115m) to supply 3.2 million people with food, but donations amounted to only $40m.

“We are looking at a serious break in food supplies in the next few weeks, at the end of August or in early September,” said Ronald Sibanda, the programme's country director for Sudan. “And if that happens we may be forced to cut the …
Economic Incentives in Clinical Investigation
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The increasing commercialization of medical care has created conflicts of interest for the many practicing physicians who have financial stakes in the health care facilities to which they refer their patients.1 2 3 Like medical practice, medical research is also becoming commercialized, and clinical investigators now find themselves in situations involving similar conflicts of interest. In particular, researchers are acquiring financial interests in the new drugs or clinical devices they are studying. They may be hired as consultants or hold equity in the company manufacturing the product under investigation, or they may be receiving support for their laboratory from the company. The . . .
Obesity, Diabetes, and Insulin Resistance: Implications From Molecular Biology, Epidemiology, and Experimental Studies in Humans and Animals: Synopsis of the American Diabetes Association's 29th ResearchSymposium and Satellite Conference of the 7th International Congress on Obesity, Boston, Massachusetts
Authors: Barbara C Hansen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

The number of genetic features potentially contributing to the development of obesity and of NIDDM continues to expand, even while evidence from epidemiological studies and prospective longitudinal evaluations of risk factors continue to argue strongly for nongenetic factors in the expression of these disorders. Even as the intensive search goes on for the diabesity gene(s), it is imminently clear that treatment initiatives can and must be oriented to reducing the well-established risk factors, most likely through multiple simultaneous interventions and alterations. Clearly restriction of calories is the most immediately effective of the various tools currently available. The recent results of long-term minimal restriction suggest extraordinary benefits to health can result for those predisposed to the diabesity or insulin resistance syndrome. Changes in diet composition may facilitate maintenance of a lower calorie intake, but in themselves they are not likely to significantly alter the risks of the syndrome, with the exception of lower cholesterol diets for reducing elevated cholesterol levels. Exercise and increased general physical activity must be seen as potentially beneficial; however, because of the magnitude of the physical training activities likely to be effective in lowering insulin resistance on a chronic basis, the expected outcomes from the usual types of relatively limited exercise regimen are less likely to have powerful preventive effects. Nevertheless, the combination of exercise and moderate alterations in caloric intake is likely to have a synergistic beneficial effect. Pharmacological interventions in the insulin resistance syndrome are in their early developmental phases, and we look forward to new developments in this area. Effective anti-obesity agents are greatly needed, and new understanding of the excess risk carried by obesity for many features of the diabesity or insulin resistance syndrome suggest the urgency of greater investment in research toward new modes of therapy. We look forward with great anticipation to the next Obesity, Diabetes, and Insulin Resistance Conference, where new progress in prediction, new understanding of pathogenesis, new genetic markers and modifiers, and new treatment candidates are sure to be forthcoming.