tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of In-Hospital Revascularization on Survival in Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome and Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Philippe Gabriel Steg, Arthur Kerner, Frans Van de Werf, José López-Sendón, Joel M. Gore, Gordon FitzGerald, Laurent J. Feldman, Frederick A. Anderson, Álvaro Avezum
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome complicated by congestive heart failure (CHF) have a poor prognosis. The aims of this study were to describe the use of revascularization in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and CHF and to analyze its impact on survival.In the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, 29 844 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome were enrolled at 120 hospitals in 14 countries between April 1999 and June 2007; 4953 had CHF at presentation. One fifth of the patients with CHF underwent revascularization versus 35% of those without CHF (P<0.001). Among CHF patients, revascularized patients had lower-risk baseline clinical characteristics than nonrevascularized patients and were more likely to receive evidence-based cardiac medications. Hospital rates were not affected by revascularization (adjusted hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.72 to 1.33, P=0.87). Death from discharge to 6-month follow-up was lower in patients who underwent revascularization than in those who did not (odds ratio 0.51, 95% confidence interval 0.35 to 0.74, P<0.001). This difference persisted after adjustment for GRACE risk score variables, country, and propensity for revascularization (odds ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.40 to 0.85, P=0.005). When revascularization as a time-varying covariate was taken into account in an adjusted Cox regression, the rate of death was again lower in patients undergoing revascularization (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.93, P=0.02).This observational study suggests a low use of in-hospital revascularization in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients with CHF. The consistent reduction in postdischarge death in revascularized patients suggests that broader application of revascularization in this high-risk group may be beneficial.
Decrease in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in early amniotic fluid in fetal trisomy 18 syndrome.
Authors: H Janlanko, P Aula
Journal: BMJ (1982)

A study was carried out in which activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was measured in 259 samples of amniotic fluid obtained at various weeks of pregnancy. Two hundred and twenty-eight of the babies subsequently delivered had no chromosome abnormality and served as controls, while in 31 various chromosome abnormalities were detected. Mean activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the control samples at 15 weeks was 602 U/l. Activity in the samples obtained in cases of fetal chromosome abnormality was generally below this: it was below the 10th percentile in 74% of the samples and below the 2.5th percentile in 52% of the cases. It is concluded that assay of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is a rapid preliminary test for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities.
Endogenous aspergillus endophthalmitis
Authors: Paul D. Weishaar, Harry W. Flynn, Timothy G. Murray, Janet L. Davis, Charles C. Barr, Jeffrey G. Gross, Calvin E. Mein, Walter C. McLean, John H. Killian
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)

Objective: This study evaluated the clinical features and treatment outcomes in patients with endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis.Design:The study design was a multicenter retrospective chart review.Participants: Ten patients (12 eyes) with culture-proven endogenous Aspergillus endophthalrnitis treated by 1 of the authors were studied.Intervention: Intravitreous amphotericin B injection, pars plana vitrectomy, systemic amphotedcin B therapy, and oral anti-fungal therapy were performed.Main Outcome Measures: Elimination of endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis and Snellen visual acuity, best corrected, were measured.Results: All patients had a 1-to 3-day history of pain and marked loss of visual acuity in the involved eyes.Varying degrees of vitritis was present in all 12 eyes.In 8 of 12 eyes, a central macular chorioretinal inflammatory lesion was present.Four patients (six eyes) had associated pulmonary diseases and were receiving concurrent steroid therapy.One of these patients with chronic asthma also was abusing intravenous drugs.Overall, six patients (six eyes) had a history of intravenous drug abuse, whereas a seventh patient (one eye) was suspected of abusing intravenous drugs.Blood cultures and echocardiograms were negative for systemic aspergillosis.Management consisted of a pars plana vitrectomy in 10 of 12 eyes.Intravitreous amphotericin B was administered in 11 of 12 eyes.Systemic amphotericin B therapy was used in eight patients.One patient was treated with oral antifungal agents.In three eyes without central macular involvement, final visual acuities were 20/25 to 20/200.In eight eyes with initial central macular involvement, final visual acuities were 20/400 in three eyes and 5/200 or less in four eyes.Two painful eyes with marked inflammation, hypotony, and retinal detachment were enucleated.Conclusions: Endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis usually has an acute onset of intraocular inflammation and often has a characteristic chorioretinal lesion located in the macula.Although treatment with pars plana vitrectomy and intravitreous amphotericin B is capable of eliminating the ocular infection, the visual outcome generally is poor, especially when there is direct macular involvement.Ophthalmology 1998; 105:57-65 Aspergillus species are ubiquitous saprophytic molds, commonly growing in soil, stored hay, and decaying vegetation.The conidia (spores) can become airborne and may enter pulmonary alveoli and paranasal sinuses.Even
ErbB3 Binding Protein 1 Represses Metastasis-Promoting Gene <i>Anterior Gradient Protein 2</i> in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yuexing Zhang, Tehmina Z. Ali, Hua Zhou, David R. D'Souza, Yan Lu, Jonathan Jaffe, Zhenqiu Liu, Antonino Passaniti, Anne W. Hamburger
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Dysregulation of the developmental gene anterior gradient protein 2 (AGR2) has been associated with a metastatic phenotype, but its mechanism of action and control in prostate cancers is unknown. In this study, we show that overexpression of AGR2 promotes the motility and invasiveness of nonmetastatic LNCaP tumor cells, whereas silencing of AGR2 in the metastatic derivative C4-2B blocks invasive behavior. ErbB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1), a putative repressor of AGR2, is attenuated in prostate cancer. We show that the anti-invasive effect of EBP1 occurs, at least in part, through its ability to inhibit AGR2 expression. Mechanistic investigations indicate that EBP1 downregulates Foxa1- and Foxa2-stimulated AGR2 transcription and decreases metastatic behavior. In contrast, EBP1 ablation upregulates AGR2 via Foxa1- and Foxa2-stimulated AGR2 promoter activity and increases metastatic behavior. In both prostate cell lines and primary tumors, we documented an inverse correlation between EBP1 and AGR2 levels. Collectively, our results reveal an EBP1-Foxa-AGR2 signaling circuit with functional significance in metastatic prostate cancer. Cancer Res; 70(1); 240–8
Noradrenaline in Shock Due to Visceral Perforation
Authors: D. D. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Five cases of canicola fever, diagnosed on clinical and serological evidence, occurred during a period of five years among piggery workers engaged in farms in the environs of Edinburgh.A survey of 47 piggery workers in 12 Edinburgh farms showed from the results of serological examina- tions that 19 (40%) had at some time been infected with L. canicola.In addition to the five known cases this figure includes five others with histories of illness sug- gestive of canicola fever.Specimens of blood from pigs from the two farms in which most of the cases occurred were found to con- tain antibodies to L. canicola in titres high enough to indicate a leptospiral infection.In one farm 46 out of 75 (61 %) of the pigs were positive and in the other 40 out of 98 (40%).Four out of six pigs newly introduced into one of the infected piggeries developed antibodies to L. canicola within three to eight weeks.On the 47th day after admission leptospires were being excreted in large numbers in their urine.A hamster inoculated with the infected urine died after six days and leptospires were grown in culture from the heart blood.They were identified as L. canicola.Six pigs were inoculated each by a different route with a virulent culture of L. canicola.Those which were inoculated subcutaneously and through a scari- fied area of skin developed antibodies to titres of at least 1 in 10,000 within 10 days.No obvious symp- toms of disease followed the administration of the culture by any of the routes employed.Pigs which were inoculated with urine from infected pigs subcutaneously and by scarification developed anti- bodies to L. canicola within 13 days.No symptoms other than a slight febrile reaction and a tendency to be less vigorous followed the inoculations.The above evidence indicatek that pigs may harbour L. canicola without showing any noticeable symptoms of disease.The organisms are excreted in the urine, and infection is passed from pig to pig.Human infec- tion may result through contact with infected pigs.The incidence of canicola fever in piggery workers is high, and this is in contrast to the recognized low infectivity rate among dog owners.Our thanks are due to Mr. W.
SULFADIMETHOXINE IN UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
Authors: Gordon Nunnelly
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In this day of broad-spectrum antibiotics and their mass use against all forms of infectious processes, it is refreshing to refocus attention on the oldest and best class of antibacterial drugs, the sulfonamides, whose clinical effectiveness is well known. Recent advanced pharmaceutical research in this field has yielded products of greater safety, which has led to renewed awareness of the true value of these agents in the armamentarium of the practicing physician.  Toward this end, I have recently undertaken the evaluation of a new long-acting sulfonamide, sulfadimethoxine (Madribon), in the routine therapy of common respiratory infections in patients seen in daily practice. Previous reports on the use of this drug for respiratory illnesses have indicated it to be safe and efficacious. 1 For reliable evaluation of a drug, it is necessary to compare the results of many studies conducted by independent investigators from different localities. Only in this way can
Bevacizumab With Angiostatin-armed oHSV Increases Antiangiogenesis and Decreases Bevacizumab-induced Invasion in U87 Glioma
Authors: Wei Zhang, Giulia Fulci, Jason S Buhrman, Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov, John W Chen, Gregory R Wojtkiewicz, Ralph Weissleder, Samuel D Rabkin, Robert L Martuza
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Bevacizumab (BEV) is an antiangiogenic drug approved for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. However, it does not increase survival and is associated with glioma invasion. Angiostatin is an antiangiogenic polypeptide that also inhibits migration of cancer cells, but is difficult to deliver. Oncolytic viruses (OV) can potentially spread throughout the tumor, reach isolated infiltrating cells, kill them and deliver anticancer agents to uninfected cells. We have tested a combination treatment of BEV plus an OV expressing angiostatin (G47Δ-mAngio) in mice-bearing human GBM. Using a vascular intracranial human glioma model (U87) in athymic mice, we performed histopathological analysis of tumors treated with G47Δ-mAngio or BEV alone or in combination, followed tumor response by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and assessed animal survival. Our results indicate that injection of G47Δ-mAngio during BEV treatment allows increased virus spread, tumor lysis, and angiostatin-mediated inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and of BEV-induced invasion markers (matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP2), MMP9, and collagen). This leads to increased survival and antiangiogenesis and decreased invasive phenotypes. We show for the first time the possibility of improving the antiangiogenic effect of BEV while decreasing the tumor invasive-like phenotype induced by this drug, and demonstrate the therapeutic advantage of combining systemic and local antiangiogenic treatments with viral oncolytic therapy.
BIOMED-1 concerted action report: flow cytometric immunophenotyping of precursor B-ALL with standardized triple-stainings
Authors: P Lucio, G Gaipa, EG van Lochem, ER van Wering, A Porwit-MacDonald, T Faria, E Bjorklund, A Biondi, MWM van den Beemd, E Baars, B Vidriales, A Parreira, JJM van Dongen, JF San Miguel, A Orfao
Journal: Leukemia (2001)
Pain as a channelopathy
Authors: Ramin Raouf, Kathryn Quick, John N. Wood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Mendelian heritable pain disorders have provided insights into human pain mechanisms and suggested new analgesic drug targets. Interestingly, many of the heritable monogenic pain disorders have been mapped to mutations in genes encoding ion channels. Studies in transgenic mice have also implicated many ion channels in damage sensing and pain modulation. It seems likely that aberrant peripheral or central ion channel activity underlies or initiates many pathological pain conditions. Understanding the mechanistic basis of ion channel malfunction in terms of trafficking, localization, biophysics, and consequences for neurotransmission is a potential route to new pain therapies.
Statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: A. Majeed
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Three obstacles are in the way of extending statin treatment to a wider population

Statistics from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development show that the per capita use of statins in the United Kingdom is the highest in Europe and the second highest of all OECD countries.1 Several factors account for the high use of statins in the UK, including the emphasis on evidence based medicine in the training of UK doctors; the 2004 contract for general practitioners, which introduced financial incentives for the management of long term conditions such as coronary heart disease and diabetes; and the NHS Health Check programme, which aims (among its objectives) to increase the use of statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in England in people who have a 20% or more 10 year risk of such disease.

The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence is now proposing to reduce the threshold for starting statins …
Treatment of dermatophyte infection of the finger- and toe-nails with terbinafine (SF 86-327, Lamisil), an orally active fungicidal agent
Authors: M.J.D. GOODFIELD, N.R. ROWELL, R.A. FORSTER, E.G.V. EVANS, A. RAVEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Treatment of dermatophyte infection of the finger‐ and toe‐nails with terbinafine (SF 86‐327, Lamisil), an orally active fungicidal agent Get access M.J.D. GOODFIELD, M.J.D. GOODFIELD Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Dr Goodfield. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.R. ROWELL, N.R. ROWELL Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. FORSTER, R.A. FORSTER Regional Mycology Laboratory, General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.G.V. EVANS, E.G.V. EVANS Regional Mycology Laboratory, General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. RAVEN A. RAVEN Data Analysis and Research, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 121, Issue 6, 1 December 1989, Pages 753–757, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb08217.x Published: 01 December 1989
Neutrophil direction sensing and superoxide production linked by the GTPase-activating protein GIT2
Authors: Yuichi Mazaki, Shigeru Hashimoto, Tohru Tsujimura, Masaki Morishige, Ari Hashimoto, Kosuke Aritake, Atsuko Yamada, Jin-Min Nam, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Kazuki Nakao, Hisataka Sabe
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Is the Operating Room Unhealthy?
Authors: Helmut F. Cascorbi
Journal: JAMA (1977)

It is an often repeated truism that physicians are careless of their own health. It is therefore surprising to find a growing body of literature dealing with the health experience of men who work in operating rooms. Starting with the study by Vaisman<sup>1</sup>in 1967, numerous surveys in many countries<sup>2-8</sup>claim that female operating room personnel, particularly anesthetists, have a higher abortion rate than controls. Some studies even indicate an increased abortion risk in spouses of anesthesiologists.<sup>2</sup>Of greater concern is the claim that children of anesthesiologists are more likely to have malformations than the children of other physicians.<sup>3,5</sup>Furthermore, there seems to be an increased risk of malignant neoplasms in operating room personnel, particularly female anesthesiologists.<sup>3</sup>All of these surveys have been criticized because of flaws in the methodology, invalid statistical approaches, or bias in the selection of test populations. Nevertheless, the weight of
Bioinformatics advances in saliva diagnostics
Authors: Ji-Ye Ai, Barry Smith, David TW Wong
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

There is a need recognized by the National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research and the National Cancer Institute to advance basic, translational and clinical saliva research. The goal of the Salivaomics Knowledge Base (SKB) is to create a data management system and web resource constructed to support human salivaomics research. To maximize the utility of the SKB for retrieval,integration and analysis of data, we have developed the Saliva Ontology and SDxMart. This article reviews the informatics advances in saliva diagnostics made possible by the Saliva Ontology and SDxMart.
The Ethical Dimensions of the Biological and Health Sciences
Authors: Fredrick R. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Photodynamic therapy using meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (FoscanR) for the treatment of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: S.M. Campbell, D.J. Gould, L. Salter, T. Clifford, A. Curnow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has unique properties which make it suitable for the local treatment of superficial epithelial disorders; it has been suggested as a useful treatment for carcinoma in situ of the vulva.To evaluate the effect of the systemic photosensitizing agent meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC or temoporfin; Foscan, Biolitec, Edinburgh, U.K.) in vulval intraepithelial neoplasia type III (VIN III).PDT using mTHPC was performed in six patients with VIN III. A dose of 0.1 mg kg(-1) body weight mTHPC was injected intravenously and the area of VIN irradiated 96 h later with 652-nm light from a diode laser. Patients were reviewed 1 week, 6 months and 2 years following treatment.Patients experienced only minimal pain from the initial treatment but two patients subsequently developed severe pain at the treated site for up to 2 weeks following PDT. All patients developed oedema and slough formation at the treated site and one patient developed cellulitis. At 6 months two patients had developed small recurrences of VIN at the original site and one patient had an area of VIN at a new site. These were treated either with further PDT or with a small excision. At 2 years there was no recurrence of VIN at the original site in all patients reviewed.This small case series demonstrates that mTHPC-PDT is a useful initial treatment for VIN III. It is relatively selective, shows good cosmesis and conserves form and function. This is a major advantage over surgery. Repeat treatments are also possible, which is important in a condition such as VIN, which tends to be multifocal. Systemic mTHPC-PDT appears to have an advantage over topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid-PDT as the photosensitizer is distributed widely in areas of disease and consequently identifies foci which may not be apparent clinically but become evident when illuminated.
Management of Stage One and Two-E Gastric Lymphoma: Chemotherapy Alone or Surgery?
Authors: Imtinene Belaid, Imene Chabchoub, Nesrine Mejri, Faten Ezzairi, Rim Chafai, Makrem Hochlaf, Olfa Gharbi, Leila Ben Fatma, Slim Ben Ahmed
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Surface expression patterns of negative regulatory molecules identify determinants of virus-specific CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in HIV infection
Authors: Takuya Yamamoto, David A. Price, Joseph P. Casazza, Guido Ferrari, Martha Nason, Pratip K. Chattopadhyay, Mario Roederer, Emma Gostick, Peter D. Katsikis, Daniel C. Douek, Richard Haubrich, Constantinos Petrovas, Richard A. Koup
Journal: Blood (2011)
Tetracycline Balanitis: Fixed Drug Reaction
Authors: Stuart T. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  Hypersensitivity to drugs may be expressed by fixed skin eruptions which begin as round, dusky, or erythematous plaques with well-demarcated borders. These may progress to bulla formation prior to desquamation or crusting, and are associated with pigmentation changes of variable duration. Reexposure to the medication produces a recurrence of the lesions at the same site.  Medications commonly reported to produce such reactions have been antipyrine, phenolphthalein, barbiturates, sulfonamides, salicylates, phenylbutazone, and tetracycline. Csonka et al 1 reported five patients with fixed reactions of the glans penis due to tetracycline. We have seen three similar cases recently.  Report of Cases.—Case 1.—  In a 40-year-old man, an erythematous area on the glans penis with pruritus in the urethra appeared three days after starting tetracycline therapy for laryngitis. An identical lesion and pruritus had developed five months previously during tetracycline therapy of pharyngitis and had resolved after discontinuance