tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heberden Society--Doctor William Heberden
Authors: D. Guthrie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

The tall and spare, yet stately, figure of Dr. William Heberden must have been a familiar sight to many Londoners of the 18th century.That period was rich in great physicians, and in London the leading practitioners were at first Radcliffe and Mead, to be followed by Fothergill, Lettsom, Baillie, and Heberden.Heberden was second to none, and although he held no hospital appointment and made no discovery, his contribution to medical progress was considerable.Samuel Johnson, who was his patient, called him the last of the great physicians, ultfmus Romanorum, although he might be regarded more correctly as the first of the modern physicians, so fresh and unbiassed was his outlook.At that time London was the centre of practice, just as Edinburgh was the centre of teaching.Heberden was still a student at Cambridge when in 1728 Alexander Monro returned from Leyden to found the Edinburgh Medical School.Born in 1710, William Heberden died in 1801, and thus his long life-span almost coincided with the 18th century.Our knowledge of his domestic life is scanty.He was born at Southwark, the son of Richard Heberden, and was educated at the grammar school of St. Saviour, and from 1724 at Cambridge, where he became a fellow of St. John's College in 1731.For ten years after graduating M.D. in 1739 he practised in Cambridge, and taught materia medicat; then he removed to London, where for many years he conducted a large and fashionable practice, living first at Cecil Street, Strand, and later at 79 Pall Mall, with a country residence at Datchet, near Windsor.He was twice married, and had seven sons and three daughters from whom a succession of physicians and clergymen is descended, but the only member of his family to survive him was a son of the second marriage, usually known as William Heberden the Younger.Our patron retired at the comparatively early age of 72, and such, in brief, is his biography, so far as it is known.That he was a classical scholar of distinction is evident from the fact that he edited some of the plays of Euripides.He had many friends in the field of literature, some of whom were his patients.Dr. Johnson we have already mentioned; George Crabbe described him as " tender, ardent, and kind ", and the poet Cowper wrote of him: Virtuous and faithful Heberden, whose skill Attempts no task it cannot well fulfil.Among his friends was a certain Dr.
LEFT VENTRICULAR GLOBAL FUNCTION INDEX ASSESSED BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IS A NOVEL MARKER FOR THE PREDICTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE REPERFUSED ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Ingo Eitel, Suzanne de Waha, Georg Fuernau, Matthias Gutberlet, Steffen Desch, Gerhard Schuler, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Vascular Medicine: A Textbook of Vascular Biology and Diseases
Authors: John A. Spittell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This ambitious text addresses all types of vascular disease as well as hypertension. The first third (about 400 pages) is devoted to basic concepts of biology of the vasculature and to pathophysiologic mechanisms, material most useful to clinical investigators and academicians. The next 150 pages cover diagnostic methods for evaluation of persons with vascular disease. Here the clinician will find much useful information. The remaining 650 pages covers a great deal of clinical material so that in some areas details of management that some readers would appreciate are not included. Specific deficiencies, in my opinion, are the incomplete discussions of acute peripheral arterial occlusion (less than one page) and of thoracic outlet compression, no mention of the international normalized ratio (INR) in the anticoagulant section, and omission of transcutaneous oxygen tension as a noninvasive test of ischemia and of transesophageal echocardiography in the evaluation of unexplained embolic peripheral arterial occlusion.
Molecular diagnosis in a child with sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: Peter J Schwartz, Silvia G Priori, Raffaella Bloise, Carlo Napolitano, Elena Ronchetti, Andrea Piccinini, Carlo Goj, Günter Breithardt, Eric Schulze-Bahr, Horst Wedekind, Janni Nastoli
Journal: The Lancet (2001)
The Trend in Cerebral Localization
Authors: LEWELLYS F. BARKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 November 1932The Trend in Cerebral LocalizationLEWELLYS F. BARKER, M.D., F.A.C.P.LEWELLYS F. BARKER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-5-697 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere is no more fascinating subject in the whole of medicine than the study of the activities of the human brain. This topic has engaged the interests of some of the best workers in medicine—anatomists, physiologists, clinicians, pathologists, experimental workers, psychologists—especially during the last hundred years. Really great progress has been made, but, despite the advances, we are still only at the threshold of the knowledge of many of the cerebral functions.We use the term "localization" in somewhat different ways. Thus, we think of localization of function, we think of localization of lesions in certain diseases, and, again, we...* Lashley KC: Mass action in cerebral function. Sci., 1931, lxxiii, 245-254. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, MarylandAbstract of remarks made at the General Session of the American College of Physicians, Baltimore, March 24, 1931. Illustrated by lantern slides. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1932Volume 6, Issue 5Page: 697-701KeywordsBrainLesionsPathologists Issue Published: 1 November 1932 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Treatment Strategies after SSRI Failure — Good News and Bad News
Authors: David R. Rubinow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

My recent use of that august medical search engine, Google, revealed a publication that identified sin as the cause of depression. Initial amusement quickly gave way to the sobering recognition that this simplistic formulation conveyed a prevalent, if generally unarticulated, belief that depression is not a real illness but, rather, the result of a personal failing — moral, spiritual, or adaptational. How did depression come to be viewed in so pejorative a manner?Depression certainly cannot be dismissed as rare; its lifetime prevalence is 15 to 20 percent1 (as compared, for example, with a 4 to 6 percent lifetime prevalence . . .
Erratum: Corrigendum: Mutations in the mitochondrial GTPase mitofusin 2 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2A
Authors: S Züchner, I V Mersiyanova, M Muglia, N Bissar-Tadmouri, J Rochelle, E L Dadali, M Zappia, E Nelis, A Patitucci, J Senderek, Y Parman, O Evgrafov, P De Jonghe, Y Takahashi, S Tsuji, M A Pericak-Vance, A Quattrone, E Battologlu, A V Polyakov, V Timmerman, J M Schröder, J M Vance
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
The Military Influence Upon Freud's Dynamic Psychiatry
Authors: LARY R. BERKOWER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

A previously disregarded but consequential influence upon the conceptual model of dynamic psychiatry as evolved by Freud is that of military science. Thus many fundamental terms bear obvious military connotations, including conflict, defense, repression, alliances, and resistance. Freud repeatedly exploited the rich metaphorical possibilities of the military analogy as he depicted psychology in terms of conflicts of forces, emphasizing the onslaught of instinctual impulses and the defensive operations of the ego to ward them off.
Abstract LB-73: SOX9 regulates EGFR/ERBB signaling in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Andreia V. Pinho, Adrien Grimont, Mark J. Cowley, Cecile Augereau, Amanda Mawson, Marc Giry-Laterriere, Geraldine Van den Steen, Nicola Waddell, Marina Pajic, Christine Sempoux, Jianmin Wu, Sean M. Grimmond, Andrew V. Biankin, Frederic P. Lemaigre, Patrick Jacquemin, Ilse Rooman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The transcription factor SOX9 has recently been shown to have a role in the ontogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through metaplastic changes in pancreatic acinar cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which SOX9 operates remain to be explored. We analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from a cohort of surgically resected cases of PDAC (n=90) from the Australian Pancreatic cancer Genome Initiative (APGI). Genetic aberrations (mutation and copy number changes) in the SOX9 gene were found in 15% of patient tumors. Protein expression analysis revealed that most PDAC samples strongly express SOX9 protein and differential SOX9 expression correlates with patient survival. SOX9 gene expression was higher in the classical PDAC subtype, which relates with better patient outcome and increased response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-directed therapy. In patient tumors, we found that SOX9 expression correlates with expression of EGFR signaling pathway genes, including ErbB2. Analysis of patient-derived xenografts confirmed strong correlation of SOX9 and ErbB2 expression and manipulation of human tumor cell lines demonstrated that Sox9 regulates the expression of ErbB2. We extended these findings by using a mouse model lacking pancreatic Sox9 expression where we found reduced expression of Egfr/ErbB signaling components. Sox9-deficient pancreatic acinar cells failed to generate PDAC precursor lesions and did not respond to EGF, indicating that Sox9 is required for Egfr/ErbB signaling pathway activity. In conclusion, by using an integrative approach that combines human and mouse models data, we discovered a new function of SOX9 in the regulation of EGFR/ERBB signaling throughout pancreatic tumorigenesis. This provides a novel mechanistic insight of potential therapeutic significance for pancreatic cancer patients. Citation Format: Andreia V. Pinho, Adrien Grimont, Mark J. Cowley, Cecile Augereau, Amanda Mawson, Marc Giry-Laterriere, Geraldine Van den Steen, Nicola Waddell, Marina Pajic, Christine Sempoux, Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative, Jianmin Wu, Sean M. Grimmond, Andrew V. Biankin, Frederic P. Lemaigre, Patrick Jacquemin, Ilse Rooman. SOX9 regulates EGFR/ERBB signaling in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-73. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-73
Identification of a Novel Polymorphism in the 3′UTR of the <scp>l</scp> -Arginine Transporter Gene <i>SLC7A1</i>
Authors: Zhiyong Yang, Kylie Venardos, Emma Jones, Brian J. Morris, Jaye Chin-Dusting, David M. Kaye
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Endothelial dysfunction because of reduced nitric oxide bioavailability is a key feature of essential hypertension. We have found that normotensive siblings of subjects with essential hypertension have impaired endothelial function accompanied by altered arginine metabolism.We have identified a novel C/T polymorphism in the 3'UTR of the principal arginine transporter, solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 1 gene (SLC7A1). The minor T allele significantly attenuates reporter gene expression (P<0.01) and is impaired in its capacity to form DNA-protein complexes (P<0.05). In 278 hypertensive subjects the frequency of the T allele was 13.3% compared with 7.6% in 498 normotensive subjects (P<0.001). Moreover, the overall genotype distribution observed in hypertensives differed significantly from that in normotensives (P<0.001). To complement these studies, we generated an endothelial-specific transgenic mouse overexpressing L-arginine transporter SLC7A1. The Slc7A1 transgenic mice exhibited significantly enhanced responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (-log EC50 for wild-type versus Slc7A1 transgenic: 6.87+/-0.10 versus 7.56+/-0.13; P<0.001). This was accompanied by elevated production of nitric oxide by isolated aortic endothelial cells.The present study identifies a key, functionally active polymorphism in the 3'UTR of SLC7A1. As such, this polymorphism may account for the apparent link between altered endothelial function, L-arginine, and nitric oxide metabolism and predisposition to essential hypertension.
Correcting for Discretionary Treatment Crossover in an Analysis of Survival in the Breast International Group BIG 1-98 Trial by Using the Inverse Probability of Censoring Weighted Method
Authors: Dianne M. Finkelstein, David A. Schoenfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

likely occurred in some individuals. The mean scores probably obscured some women with substantial symptoms or impairments and others who adapted or even experienced improved quality of life. Similarly, low mean scores for symptoms might be interpreted as indicating that all women had mild symptoms, whereas clinical experience reminds us that some women are extremely bothered by their symptoms. The proportions of women at various time points with substantially impaired quality of life and severe symptoms would also be worth knowing, especially when counseling women considering adjuvant therapy. More than half the women in these studies 2,3 were prescribed adjuvant tamoxifen, typically continued for 5 years. For some women, the adverse effects of long-term tamoxifen may be more troublesome than the short-term adverse effects of chemotherapy. For example, studies of preferences have shown that compared with women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, women treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy judged greater survival benefits necessary to make their treatment worthwhile. 7-9 Endocrine therapy is an important potential cause of symptoms persisting 12 and 24 months after primary treatment. Before relating these results back to the clinic, we must remember that the women in these studies 2,3 were participants in randomized clinical trials; they may not be representative of the broader population of patients with cancer, which includes those with comorbidities who are at risk of poorer quality of life. 10-12 Overall, the message from the studies reported by Ganz et al 2,3 is that recovery takes time. Women of all ages with early breast cancer are at risk for a number of persisting problems, independent of their menstrual status and receipt and duration of chemotherapy. The mechanisms causing these symptoms and their persistence warrant additional study. Learning how to identify individuals at greatest risk of severe or persistent symptoms and impaired quality of life will help us devise and target interventions to prevent and manage these problems. In the meantime, these studies will help us warn and prepare women about the likelihood, severity, and duration of lingering problems after adjuvant systemic therapy.
The accelerated post‐infarction progression of cardiac remodelling is associated with genetic changes in an untreated streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat model
Authors: Guang‐Yuan Song, Yong‐Jian Wu, Yue‐Jin Yang, Jian‐Jun Li, Hong‐Liang Zhang, Han‐Jun Pei, Zhen‐Yan Zhao, Zeng‐Hua Zeng, Ru‐Tai Hui
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
The Needle and Socialized Medicine
Authors: Alvan G. Foraker
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In 1931, little Johnny screamed with slight pain and great anger as old Dr. Brown gave him his second typhoid shot. "I hate doctors!" roared little Johnny. In 1964, big John seems to be antagonistic to doctors. He inclines favorably toward the King-Anderson bill. Is the incident of 1931 related to John's adverse feeling toward medicine in 1964? Have millions of childhood injections immunized people against the image of the "kindly family doctor"? How much of the considerable antagonism to the doctors' image is the conscious or subconscious residuum of little Johnny's cry, "I hate doctors!"? If a full fledged National Health Service finally arrives (in stages), perhaps it will be the result of many needles stuck in many quivering young behinds.
SCRIB expression is deregulated in human prostate cancer, and its deficiency in mice promotes prostate neoplasia
Authors: Helen B. Pearson, Pedro A. Perez-Mancera, Lukas E. Dow, Andrew Ryan, Pierre Tennstedt, Debora Bogani, Imogen Elsum, Andy Greenfield, David A. Tuveson, Ronald Simon, Patrick O. Humbert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Loss of cellular polarity is a hallmark of epithelial cancers, raising the possibility that regulators of polarity have a role in suppressing tumorigenesis. The Scribble complex is one of at least three interacting protein complexes that have a critical role in establishing and maintaining epithelial polarity. In human colorectal, breast, and endometrial cancers, expression of the Scribble complex member SCRIB is often mislocalized and deregulated. Here, we report that Scrib is indispensable for prostate homeostasis in mice. Scrib heterozygosity initiated prostate hyperplasia, while targeted biallelic Scrib loss predisposed mice to prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. Mechanistically, Scrib was shown to negatively regulate the MAPK cascade to suppress tumorigenesis. Further analysis revealed that prostate-specific loss of Scrib in mice combined with expression of an oncogenic Kras mutation promoted the progression of prostate cancer that recapitulated the human disease. The clinical significance of the work in mice was highlighted by our observation that SCRIB deregulation strongly correlated with poor survival in human prostate cancer. These data suggest that the polarity network could provide a new avenue for therapeutic intervention.
GREATER ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION IN LEAD AVR IS ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Hibi, Satoshi Morita, Mitsuaki Endo, Nobuhiko Maejima, Noriaki Iwahashi, Kengo Tsukahara, Toshiyuki Ishikawa, Kazuaki Iwahashi, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Use of fertility treatments needs more careful oversight
Authors: S. Jeffcoate
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Background</h3> This study investigated a girl with Leigh syndrome born to first-cousin parents of Pakistani descent with an isolated respiratory chain complex I deficiency in muscle and fibroblasts. Her early development was delayed, and from age 2 years she started losing motor abilities. Cerebral MRI showed basal ganglia lesions typical of Leigh syndrome. <h3>Methods and results</h3> A genome-wide search for homozygosity was performed with the Affymetrix GeneChip 50K Xba array. The analysis revealed several homozygous regions. Three candidate genes were identified, and in one of the genes, NDUFA12, a homozygous c.178C→T mutation leading to a premature stop codon (p.Arg60X) was found. Western blot analysis showed absence of NDUFA12 protein in patient fibroblasts and functional complementation by a baculovirus system showed restoration of complex I activity. <h3>Conclusion</h3> NDUFA12 mutations are apparently not a frequent cause of complex I deficiency, since mutations were not found by screening altogether 122 complex I deficient patients in two different studies. NDUFA12 encodes an accessory subunit of complex I and is a paralogue of NDUFAF2. Despite the complete absence of NDUFA12 protein, a fully assembled and enzymatically active complex I could be found, albeit in reduced amounts. This suggests that NDUFA12 is required either at a late step in the assembly of complex I, or in the stability of complex I.
Holmes and a mystery
Authors: B. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Twice in recent years I have spent most of a day trying to find out why tuberculosis is called the “white plague.” They were frustrating experiences. Poring over my own files and those in several libraries, I've discovered many mentions of the white plague (though in truth tuberculosis does not merit either description) but no explanation or original reference.

Now, thanks to Allen Weisse of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, I have the answer. Like me, Weisse began with The White Plague by Rene Dubos and his second wife Jean, published in 1953. Subtitled “Tuberculosis, Man and Society,” this …
Regulator says Tameside must make urgent improvements
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Yet another report into Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust in Greater Manchester has identified failings and concluded that patient care needs urgent improvement. 

The latest report by the health and social care regulator in England, the Care Quality Commission (CQC), comes on the eve of the Keogh review into high death rates at 14 trusts, including Tameside.1

Two …
What Nurses Do: The Marriage of Suffering and Healing
Authors: Jeanne Bryner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Ad Libitum15 July 1997What Nurses Do: The Marriage of Suffering and HealingJeanne Bryner, RN, BA, CENJeanne Bryner, RN, BA, CENTrumbull Memorial Hospital Warren; OH 44483Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Jane Ball, retired nursing supervisorCompared to the day I had to sit with a motherAsk for her daughter's three-year-old kidneys,Eyes, liver, and heart because a drunkenTeenager had killed her brainCompared to the afternoon I told a black manHis son was shot while joggingCompared to the night I was paged to ERTo help sedate a seven-year-old girlBefore they sewed her crotchBeing here with this schoolteacher holdingHer husband's hand, begging him to liveIs better.Here because this man's heart choked after forty years... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Trumbull Memorial Hospital Warren; OH 44483Corresponding Author: Jeanne Bryner, RN, BA, CEN, Trumbull Memorial Hospital, 1350 East Market Street, Warren, OH 44483. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 2Page: 162KeywordsAdolescentsBrainDrugsHeartKidneysLiverPacemakersShouldersVentilators ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...