tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
It's about sex, but not sexy enough
Authors: Richard Ma
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I am writing this to coincide with my last day working in a busy community family planning clinic in north London. For those who feel they have a messianic mission to change the world, such as eradicate HIV or malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, they need not look any further. Why not work in an inner city family planning clinic closer to home and help eradicate unplanned pregnancies and chlamydia? I guarantee a working environment that could be compared with a remote village in a low income country: short staffed and poorly paid, with clinic users travelling long distances and queuing for hours. And yet most clients are grateful to be seen and the staff go home feeling pleased, knowing that they have done something for humanity. The pay also makes you feel as if you are working for a charity. 

So why am I leaving? Same reason as everyone else—I feel demoralised …
The modulation of dendritic cell integrin binding and activation by RGD-peptide density gradient substrates
Authors: Abhinav P. Acharya, Natalia V. Dolgova, Nicole M. Moore, Chang-Qing Xia, Michael J. Clare-Salzler, Matthew L. Becker, Nathan D. Gallant, Benjamin G. Keselowsky
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
BACILLUS ICTEROIDES AND BACILLUS X.
Authors: GEO. M. STERNBERG
Journal: JAMA (1898)

of Montevideo, June 10, 1897.I have since read his paper in the Annales of the Pasteur Institut, and upon my return from Europe in September I passed through Paris, and through the cour- tesy of Dr. Roux obtained a culture of the "bacillus icteroides" which had recently been sent to the Pasteur Institut by Dr. Sanarelli.I now recognize the fact that there are certain cultural differences, some of which have been pointed out by Sanarelli in his paper in that journal.At present bacillus X is non-motile, while Sanarelli's bacillus is actively motile.But in my original cultures, as stated in my published report, bacillus X was motile.The presence of flagella may now be demonstrated by proper staining methods.In judging of cultural differences now existing, it must be remembered that bacillus X has been culti- vated in artificial media for eight years.In the com- parative study now being made in the pathologic
Peers defeat government plans to abolish legal aid for clinical negligence cases
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The UK government has been narrowly defeated in the House of Lords on a provision linked to its plans to remove legal aid from clinical negligence cases in England and Wales.

Peers in Parliament’s upper house voted to keep legal aid to cover the costs of experts’ reports that potential claimants need to work out their chances of success in a medical negligence claim.

The amendment, which was won by a margin of only six votes, was one of several defeats for the government during the report stage of the Legal …
The Cauda Equina Syndrome of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: M. Lynn Russell, Duncan A. Gordon, Metro A. Ogryzlo, Robert S. McPHEDRAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

The occurrence of the cauda equina syndrome with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis is a little-known association that may be overlooked or misdiagnosed. Three patients are reported and compared with ten from the literature. The syndrome has been characterized by the insidious onset of leg or buttock pain, with sensory and motor impairment, in association with bowel or bladder symptoms. Patients were usually unaware of sensory deficits until tested. Genitourinary complaints in most cases led erroneously to prostatic surgery. Characteristic myelographic abnormalities were posterior lumbar diverticula, best shown in the supine position. Corticosteroid therapy in one of our cases and laminectomy in two others had no effect on the course of this slowly progressive process. Greater awareness of the cauda equina syndrome of ankylosing spondylitis should lead to earlier recognition of the association.
The Right Moment
Authors: Julia E. Connelly
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Six months before her visit with me, Betty had noticed some mild pain in her knee, which bothered her enough to visit a doctor. Prescribed medication gave some initial relief, but the pain recurred. Betty began to use a cane. She continued to work and tried to adjust to the increasing discomfort. She did not return to the doctor; it seemed that she realized her problem was a grave one. The pain increased. Within a few months Betty could no longer walk and began to use a wheelchair.  From what little she was willing to reveal, I learned that Betty's husband, a victim of cancer, had died the previous summer. Betty had cared for him for seven years—in and out of hospitals for repeated chemotherapy—waiting quietly as he died. She had sometimes felt trapped during those years. After his death she looked forward to traveling and to visiting her son
Bleeding and Clotting Time Determinations
Authors: L. M. Tocantins
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There has been dissatisfaction with the common practice of doing "bleeding time" and "clotting time" determinations in preparation for a surgical procedure. This dissatisfaction stems probably from the fact that the determinations provide no dependable indication of the state of the hemostatic function in the patient. A history adequately taken from the patient and relatives, and a thorough physical examination that keeps in mind points which indicate a tendency to bleed, probably provide the best basis for deciding whether or not a tendency to excessive bleeding exists in a patient. From such information, requests can be formulated for laboratory work designed to confirm or enlarge the impressions gathered at the bedside. One of the difficulties has been to make sure that the patient has had such an interview and examination by those qualified to do it, and who are already engaged in preoperative surveys of patients. It
Long-term Treatment with Tamoxifen Facilitates Translocation of Estrogen Receptor α out of the Nucleus and Enhances its Interaction with EGFR in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Ping Fan, Jiping Wang, Richard J. Santen, Wei Yue
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The therapeutic benefit of tamoxifen in patients with hormone-dependent breast cancer is limited by acquired resistance to this drug. To investigate the biological alterations responsible for tamoxifen resistance, an in vitro model was established. After 6-month continuous exposure to tamoxifen (10−7 mol/L), growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was no longer inhibited by this antiestrogen. Although there was no significant increase in the basal levels of activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), tamoxifen-resistant (TAM-R) cells exhibited enhanced sensitivity to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and estradiol stimulated activation of MAPK. Tamoxifen elicited rapid phosphorylation of MAPK, in contrast to its antagonistic activity in control cells. Blockade of the EGF receptor (EGFR)/MAPK pathway caused more dramatic inhibition of growth of TAM-R cells than the control cells. An increased amount of estrogen receptor α (ERα) was coimmunoprecipitated with EGFR from TAM-R cells although the total levels of these receptors were not increased. Notably, ERα seemed to redistribute to extranuclear sites in TAM-R cells. Increased ERα immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane of TAM-R cells was shown by fluorescent microscopy and by Western analysis of isolated cellular fractions. In TAM-R cells, an increased amount of c-Src was coprecipitated with EGFR or ERα. Blockade of c-Src activity resulted in redistribution of ERα back to the nucleus and in reduction of its interaction with EGFR. Prolonged blockade of c-Src activity restored sensitivity of TAM-R cells to tamoxifen. Our results suggest that enhanced nongenomic function of ERα via cooperation with the EGFR pathway is one of the mechanisms responsible for acquired tamoxifen resistance. [Cancer Res 2007;67(3):1352–60]
Workers with Disabling Back Pain
Authors: Nortin M. Hadler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

For much of this century the countries of the industrialized world have grappled with the problem of covering disabling back pain under workers' compensation insurance plans.1 These insurance programs entitle an injured worker to clinical remedies and compensation for lost wages if the injury arises out of and in the course of employment.2 However, there is rarely any extraordinary or peculiarly occupational precipitant of back pain.3 In the absence of a clear causal link between an injury and the pain, applying the label of compensable “injury” is a questionable practice. We seem to be stuck with the following syllogism, which . . .
Comparison of Inflammatory Response After Implantation of Sirolimus- and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents in Porcine Coronary Arteries
Authors: Gregory J. Wilson, Gaku Nakazawa, Robert S. Schwartz, Barbara Huibregtse, Bradley Poff, Thomas J. Herbst, Donald S. Baim, Renu Virmani
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Although both sirolimus (CYPHER) and paclitaxel (TAXUS) drug-eluting stents have demonstrated efficacy and safety in clinical trials, human autopsy data have raised concerns about long-term healing and the potential for local inflammatory reactions.Overlapping stents (CYPHER drug-eluting stents, Bx SONIC bare metal stents, TAXUS drug-eluting stents, and Liberté bare metal stents) were implanted in noninjured coronary arteries of 58 domestic swine. Histopathological evaluation of proximal, overlapped, and distal stented segments was determined with emphasis on inflammation at 30, 90, and 180 days. Circumferential granulomatous inflammation in all stented segments was defined as inflammation consisting of macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes, and granulocytes, including many eosinophils, adjacent to almost all struts. Circumferential granulomatous inflammation was more prevalent in CYPHER (9 of 23, 39%) compared with TAXUS (1 of 21, 5%; P=0.01) and control bare metal stents (0 of 44) in the combined 90- and 180-day cohorts. Only CYPHER specimens showed marked adventitial inflammation (P=0.0025) and fibrosis (P=0.0055) accompanied by extensive remodeling. Fibrin deposition within neointima and medial smooth muscle cell death were greater (both P<0.001) in TAXUS than CYPHER at 30 days, with more fibrin in TAXUS than CYPHER through 90 days (P<0.05).Although these data cannot be directly extrapolated to humans, the high prevalence in this porcine model of diffuse granulomatous inflammation seen with CYPHER stents, persisting at 180 days and associated with extensive remodeling of the artery, and persistent para-strut fibrin deposition with TAXUS stents emphasize the need for further investigation of biocompatibility with these and other novel combination drug/polymer drug-eluting stents.
Early Signs of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip
Authors: Arthur L. Matles
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Approximately one in 1,500 newborn infants has congenital dislocation of the hip, unassociated with other deformities. The most important early sign or signs in the early diagnosis of typical and nondysplastic congenital dislocation of the hip are the Ortolani or Bellei "dislocating" clicks.<sup>1,2</sup>These are elicited by flexion of the knees and hips with pressure posteriorly, followed by abduction with external rotation (Figures). The maneuver is completed by bringing the hips back to the adducted position. During the procedure the clicks are palpated by the fingers overlying the greater trochanters. There are two, a click of entrance and a click of exit, or vice versa depending upon where the head of the femur is at the time the maneuver is performed. Associated with the click is a jumping sensation or "telescoping," indicating abnormal hip motion. The clicks may disappear in the first 24 hours of life
Down the cascade
Authors: Ami Schattner
Journal: BMJ (2004)

When Dan's wife called on Monday morning—my busiest day—and asked if I could see Dan urgently, I mentally said no but found myself telling her to come. She was impossible to refuse; Dan was one of those favourite patients who remind you how successful (and lucky) you both were.

Eight years ago, at the age of 70, he came to me complaining of weight loss and anorexia, certain that he has incurable cancer. When coeliac disease was diagnosed and responded completely to a gluten-free diet, his relief was touching. Later, he needed cardiac surgery and came again to get my blessing. Examination revealed high grade carotid artery stenosis, and a search of the evidence led me to recommend carotid endarterectomy preceding cardiac surgery by two teams on the same operation. This was something of a novelty …
Direct intramyocardial injection of mesenchymal stem cell sheet fragments improves cardiac functions after infarction
Authors: Chung-Chi Wang, Chun-Hung Chen, Wei-Wen Lin, Shiaw-Min Hwang, Patrick C.H. Hsieh, Po-Hong Lai, Yi-Chun Yeh, Yen Chang, Hsing-Wen Sung
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Cell transplantation is a promising approach for patients with myocardial infarction. However, following injection, retention of the transplanted cells in the injected area remains a central issue, which can be deleterious to cell transplantation therapy. We hypothesized that the use of cell sheet fragments, with the preservation of extracellular matrix (ECM), may significantly increase cell retention and thus improve cell therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheet fragments with ECM were fabricated. Experimental myocardial infarction was created in male syngeneic Lewis rats. Thirty minutes after myocardial infarction, an intramyocardial injection was conducted with a needle directly into the peri-infarct areas. There were four treatment groups (n ≥ 10): sham; phosphate buffered saline; dissociated MSCs; and MSC sheet fragments. Echocardiography and pressure measurements were assessed postoperatively. At retrieval, the hearts were fixed for histological evaluation. After injection, the MSC sheet fragments remained intact, while the complete cell sheets were torn into pieces. The results obtained in the echocardiography and pressure measurements revealed a superior heart function in the MSC sheet fragment group compared with the dissociated MSC group (P < 0.05). The MSC sheet fragments were able to conform and align their inherent ECM along the interstices of the muscular tissues at the injection sites, while only a few cells were identified in the dissociated MSC group at 12 weeks postoperatively. Additionally, transplantation of the MSC sheet fragments stimulated a significant increase in vascular density (P < 0.05) and enhanced the graft/host cell connection. The MSC sheet fragments may serve as a cell delivery vehicle by providing a favourable ECM environment to retain the transplanted cells and improve the efficacy of therapeutic cell transplantation.
A variant upstream of IFNL3 (IL28B) creating a new interferon gene IFNL4 is associated with impaired clearance of hepatitis C virus
Authors: Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, Brian Muchmore, Wei Tang, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Heiyoung Park, Harold Dickensheets, Dianna Hergott, Patricia Porter-Gill, Adam Mumy, Indu Kohaar, Sabrina Chen, Nathan Brand, McAnthony Tarway, Luyang Liu, Faruk Sheikh, Jacquie Astemborski, Herbert L Bonkovsky, Brian R Edlin, Charles D Howell, Timothy R Morgan, David L Thomas, Barbara Rehermann, Raymond P Donnelly, Thomas R O'Brien
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Women and the Health Care Industry: An Unhealthy Relationship?
Authors: M. A. Elston
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Peggy Foster Open University Press, pounds sterling12.99, pp 218, ISBN 0 335 09472 4

In describing health care as an “industry” Peggy Foster draws attention to what in her view is self evidently an undesirable state of affairs. She implies that industrial and commercial interests distort health care away from serving the public's--or, more specifically, women's--interests. But Foster is not referring to current moves towards creating a more “business-like” NHS or blurring of the boundaries between public and private health care. For her, these seem to be minor adjustments to a health care system already run primarily for the …
Surgical Infectious Diseases
Authors: James M. Blackwood
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This is the second edition of a work that has already become an indispensable resource for surgical residents and for practicing surgeons. Five chapters (Surgical Infections and History, Organ  in Sepsis, Environmental Aspects, Ocular Infections, and Pericardial Infections) have been dropped. Much of this material is included in the retained chapters, although in the case of Organ Failure it would be helpful to have this material all in one place.  The quality of the binding and of the paper is excellent. Because of the omitted chapters and somewhat smaller although still very readable type, this edition is some 250 pages shorter than the first.  The structure of the book remains about the same. Ten chapters cover surgical microbiology. There is little that is new in this basic material, probably because of the care with which the first edition was prepared. Each chapter has been carefully edited (no mere facelifts),
Lessening the Burden of Diabetes: Intervention Strategies
Authors: Richard C Eastman, Robert Silverman, Maureen Harris, Jonathan C Javitt, Yen Pin Chiang, Phillip Gorden
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of primary and secondary interventions on the development of complications from diabetes, we modeled the effects of primary and secondary interventions for diabetes on a single well-studied complication, diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A model was developed to predict cumulative incidence of retinopathy in IDDM and NIDDM. Risk functions are based on duration of diabetes. The effects of intervention strategies were simulated by altering the retinopathy risk. The effects of the simulations were assessed using cumulative incidence. RESULTS Simulations of delaying the onset of IDDM from 2 to 8 yr and decreasing the retinopathy rates by 20–80% were performed for each type of retinopathy. Simulating primary prevention shifted the cumulative incidence curves to the right, and simulating secondary intervention shifted the curves downward. Primary prevention was less effective than secondary prevention. This difference was more apparent for IDDM than for NIDDM, where disease duration and exposure to retinopathy risk were shorter. All interventions shifted the development of retinopathy to later in life. CONCLUSIONS The greatest effect on cumulative incidence of all forms of retinopathy occurs when primary and secondary interventions are combined.
Protective effect of prostaglandin E1 against ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury: results of a prospective, randomized study in cirrhotic patients undergoing subsegmentectomy
Authors: Yasuhiko Sugawara, Keiichi Kubota, Tsutomu Ogura, Hiroyasu Esumi, Kazuto Inoue, Tadotoshi Takayama, Masatoshi Makuuchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Inducible costimulator (ICOS) is a marker for highly suppressive antigen-specific T cells sharing features of TH17/TH1 and regulatory T cells
Authors: Marc Vocanson, Aurore Rozieres, Anca Hennino, Gaelle Poyet, Vincent Gaillard, Sarah Renaudineau, Amine Achachi, Josette Benetiere, Dominique Kaiserlian, Bertrand Dubois, Jean-François Nicolas
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Altered reactivity to measles virus. Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines
Authors: V. A. Fulginiti
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An atypical measles illness occurred in ten children who had received inactivated (killed) measles virus vaccine five to six years earlier. The illness is characterized by a two- to three-day prodrome of fever and complaints of pain (head, muscle, and abdomen, or both muscle and abdomen) followed by the development of a maculopapular rash with petechial, vesicular, and urticarial components. Peripheral edema and pneumonia occurred in almost all the children. In three instances, significant pleural effusions were noted. Serologic determinations established the diagnosis in all ten children, but measles virus was recovered from none of them.
Obesity-Induced CerS6-Dependent C16:0 Ceramide Production Promotes Weight Gain and Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Sarah M. Turpin, Hayley T. Nicholls, Diana M. Willmes, Arnaud Mourier, Susanne Brodesser, Claudia M. Wunderlich, Jan Mauer, Elaine Xu, Philipp Hammerschmidt, Hella S. Brönneke, Aleksandra Trifunovic, Giuseppe LoSasso, F. Thomas Wunderlich, Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld, Matthias Blüher, Martin Krönke, Jens C. Brüning
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
Government tries to "out manoeuvre" doctors over pay
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Lingering hopes for a new national contract for senior hospital doctors were quashed last week by the government's insistence on the implementation of locally negotiated pay deals.

Health Secretary Alan Milburn has written to all consultants and specialist registrars in England, advising them that there will be no national renegotiation of the consultant contract, which almost two thirds of them rejected last October.

Instead, NHS trusts in England will be given the option of either implementing the rejected contract locally or introducing locally designed incentive schemes in the form of annual bonuses for consultants “who do the …
Clinical impact of vegetation size and type of organism in patients with infective endocarditis: a transesophageal echocardiographic study
Authors: Dania Mohty, Francois Coviaux, Orathai Pachirat, Lawrence J. Sinak, Christophe Tribouilloy, James M. Steckelberg, Maurice E. Sarano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The wrong time and place
Authors: Rubeta Matin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Although postmortem examinations were done in all but one case by pathologists with training, or a special interest, in paediatrics, the transport of bodies to a specialist centre for autopsy contributed to delays of three or more days in investigations in 13 cases.Delays can affect results. 3Diagnoses of sudden infant death syndrome sudden and unexpected deaths in infancy were made without consistent investigations.