tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in evaluation of atherosclerosis in uremia
Authors: Takahiko Kawagishi, Yoshiki Nishizawa, Toshiaki Konishi, Koichi Kawasaki, Masanori Emoto, Tetsuo Shoji, Tsutomu Tabata, Takashi Inoue, Hirotoshi Morii
Journal: Kidney International (1995)
Fundamentals of Family Practice
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

New disciplines emerge almost imperceptibly and may become manifest before formal recognition. Over the last decade or so, family practice has been slowly acknowledged as an entity and finally admitted into the pantheon of specialties. Those physicians in the van of the movement have been perceptive, enthusiastic, and convincing. But evangelical gervor is not enough in the world of modern science; to establish a specialty it is necessary to identify a cogent segment of knowledge and to document the contents and limitations. The multifocal genesis of family practice has caused serious confusion in traditional circles and has resulted in some maligning of the concept. Much has been written<i>about</i>family practice, little has been published<i>describing</i>family practice. The overwhelming problem is to differentiate between the process and the content of this field. Dr. Snodgrass attempts to present what a family physician should know about all of medicine in 13
Laceration of the Liver from Closed-Chest Cardiac Massage
Authors: Robert R. Morgan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

CLOSED-chest cardiac massage has been advocated as a simple and safe method of cardiac resuscitation.1 Thumping on the sternum with the closed fist2 or intermittent pressure on the sternum or epigastrium with the palm of the hand is said to produce a heartbeat or sustain peripheral blood pressure. Fractures of the ribs have occurred during this procedure,1 but no serious complications are reported.In the following case hepatic rupture was found at post-mortem examination of a patient on whom vigorous closed-chest cardiac massage had been attempted.Case ReportA 67-year-old man was admitted to St. Vincent's Hospital of the City . . .
Regional Lung-Function Abnormalities in Narcotic Addicts
Authors: Jagmeet S. Soin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Measurement of regional lung function with radioactive xenon (<sup>133</sup>Xe) gas and normal albumin microspheres (human) labelled with technetium 99m in 18 narcotic addicts without respiratory symptoms revealed that 73% (13/18) of the subjects had abnormalities of regional perfusion. These defects were mostly diffuse and nonsegmental. Twenty-seven percent (5/18) had abnormal regional ventilation characterized by delayed clearance of inhaled<sup>133</sup>Xe. All five had used heroin parenterally for long periods (mean, 7.5 years) in large amounts (eight bags a day), and abstinence prior to the study was brief. Six subjects who had abstained from parenteral use of narcotics for more than two years had abnormalities of regional perfusion only, their ventilation being normal. Abnormal regional perfusion was probably due to foreign body granuloma and embolism in pulmonary vessels. The cause of abnormal regional ventilation is not clear.
Physician and the Pharmacopeia.
Authors: J. C. Larkin
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Hillsboro, Ohio, Dec. 7, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am reading with pleasure and profit your special articles on the Physician and the Pharmacopeia. I think this a most excellent step in the right direction. Physicians need to be educated along therapeutic lines from the time they leave their colleges until they are dead. Therapeutics among the mass of general practitioners is the mainstay of medicine. There never was such a need as now. Every other department of medicine has made advances in the past ten or fifteen years.The Journalof the American Medical Association should be the leader and the court of last resort in matters of this kind.
PROGNOSIS IN MENTAL DISEASES.
Authors: FRANK PARSONS NORBURY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

In the realm of practical clinical medicine there is no one feature that gives strength to the art and science like that of making a diagnosis. Upon this foundation—diagnosis—must be erected the superstructure of the case, embracing all of the primary essentials, of which it may be said that prognosis, by its approach to the personal element in the case, becomes of very great importance. Prognosis, then, is necessarily founded upon diagnosis. However, there enter into its consideration certain basic or fundamental essentials which make it both an art and a science. Of the essentials contributing to make prognosis an art we will mention the ability to give estimates based upon experience. Herein are noted the deductions which acuity of observation and abstract reasoning give to the clinician, the quality of the observer which gives color to his art in diagnosis. Again, the cultivation of these faculties
Abstract 2237: Synthesis and characterization of novel, membrane permeable estradiol fluorophores that maintain estrogenic activity.
Authors: Jason E. Stailey, Sudath Hapuarachchige, Chinnasamy Ramesh, Sanjay Shrestha, Angelique M. Wimbley, Charles B. Shuster, Jeffrey B. Arterburn, Kevin D. Houston
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The ability to label biomolecules with fluorescent tags has become essential in basic cancer research and offers great promise for improvements in clinical diagnostics. The structure and physicochemical properties of the fluorescent tag have the potential of altering binding and activity characteristics of the conjugates, therefore it is desirable to use small, neutral, membrane permeable and biocompatible fluorescent tags with favorable photophysical properties, and versatile coupling chemistries. . Estradiol (E2) is a well-characterized ovarian steroid hormone with known measureable biological endpoints at the cellular, transcriptional, and signal transduction levels. We synthesized a new class of fluorescent estrogen derivatives from 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol conjugated to triazaborolopyridinium (HPY) dyes. The estrogenic activity of the covalently linked E2-HPY fluorophores were characterized using the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, an E2-dependent cell line that is often used as a model system to study E2-induced cell responses. The MCF-7 cells were treated with a series of E2-HPY derivatives (10nM), E2 (10nM) or vehicle control. The time points for treatment was as short as 15 minutes for effect on signal transduction to 5 days for cell proliferation endpoints. After treatment for specified time points, E2-induced proliferation was determined by growth curve analysis (1-5 days), E2-mediated progesterone receptor (PR) transcription was determined by real-time PCR (24 hours), and E2-dependent accumulation of pERK was measured by immunoblot analysis (15min). Our results indicate that the bioactivity of E2-HPY was not significantly different from unconjugated E2 for the three endpoints tested. The accumulation of E2-HPY in cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. These data indicate that E2-HPY is taken up by cells and is easily detectable. Additionally, transcriptome analysis was performed to identify potential differences in general transcriptional activation between E2 and E2-HPY. These data suggest the exciting possibility that HPY fluorophores can be covalently linked to cancer-related biomolecules to enhance basic research and for potential use as a cancer diagnostic tool in the clinical. Citation Format: Jason E. Stailey, Sudath Hapuarachchige, Chinnasamy Ramesh, Sanjay Shrestha, Angelique M. Wimbley, Charles B. Shuster, Jeffrey B. Arterburn, Kevin D. Houston. Synthesis and characterization of novel, membrane permeable estradiol fluorophores that maintain estrogenic activity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2237. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2237
Some Problems of Soviet Medical Practice: A Sociological Approach
Authors: Mark G. Field
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

SOCIOLOGY views the work of the physician as part of the general division of labor in society and attempts to relate his functions to other aspects of the social order.1 , 2 Of particular interest in this respect is the problem of the issuance by the physician of sickness certificates as valid excuses to obtain relief from certain obligations or to by-pass certain regulations.It is a general premise, in a "rational" system of medicine, that true illnesses or injuries are not the result of the motivation of the patient, and that he must not be held morally or legally accountable for . . .
Preventive Services Task Force Endorses Breastfeeding Support in Primary Care
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

A NEW RECOMMENDATION FROM the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) urges primary care physicians to do more to encourage mothers to breastfeed their infants. Citing strong evidence that breastfeeding provides health benefits for children, and moderate evidence that it benefits women as well, the USPSTF evaluated the literature on breastfeeding support interventions to determine whether such efforts are effective. The organization found sufficient evidence that supportive interventions increase rates of breastfeeding initiation as well as the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding (US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149[8]:560-564). Most of the breastfeeding interventions that have been studied include multiple components, such as formal breastfeeding instruction by a clinician in a classroom setting, office-based interventions by a clinician, hospitalbased interventions, and postdischarge professional or lay support, according to Mei Chung, MPH, of Tufts Medical Center in Boston, who along with colleagues conducted the literature review for the USPSTF (Chung M et al. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149[8]:565582). Chung and her colleagues found that such interventions have a beneficial effect on breastfeeding when compared with usual care. The researchers also tried to tease out the specific strategies that are most effective. They found that it is important to provide support to women both during pregnancy and after delivery, said Chung. Additionally, initiatives that include lay support for breastfeeding mothers appear to be more effective than those that offer only professional support. Chung said this finding may be related to the timing of these forms of support. Lay support, she explained, is most commonly offered after a woman has left the hospital,
Monocytic leukemia cutis diagnosed simultaneously with refractory anemia with monocytosis: A case report
Authors: L.L. Yavorkovsky, J. Zain, C.D. Wu, L. Trivelli, P. Cook
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

A case of leukemia cutis (LC) of monocytic lineage in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is presented. Cutaneous infiltrates were recognized concurrent with diagnosis of refractory anemia (RA) with monocytosis. Skin infiltrates subsequently spontaneously regressed although MDS progressed with increasing monocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Death occurred 6 months after diagnosis with evolution of acute monoblastic leukemia complicated by sepsis. This case supports previous observations of poor prognosis associated with leukemia cutis. LC associated with MDS is reviewed including the role of monocytes. Am. J. Hematol. 66:120–122, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Physicians and Joint Negotiations
Authors: Jack Ginsburg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

This position paper of the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine addresses public policy issues related to physicians' joining to negotiate issues affecting patient care and the working environment in which patient services are provided. It seeks to identify an appropriate way for physicians to negotiate jointly with health care plans while maintaining professionalism and keeping the interests of patients paramount. It proposes that physicians in nonintegrated private practices should be able to meet and communicate among themselves for the purpose of negotiating primarily with health care plans about specific issues that affect quality and access. However, the College opposes strikes or any joint action by physicians that would deny or limit services to patients or result in price-fixing or other anticompetitive behavior. The College states that employed physicians should continue to have negotiating rights. It maintains, despite a recent decision by the National Labor Relations Board, that physicians in residency training are protected by accreditation requirements for programs of graduate medical education, and education content should not be subject to negotiations [corrected]. Physicians in residency training are protected by accreditation requirements for programs of graduate medical education, and educational content should not be subject to negotiations. The College also calls for determination of negotiating units for physicians but recommends that nonphysician providers not be included in the same units as physicians. Membership in an organization that negotiates for physicians should be voluntary, and conflict-resolution mechanisms must be available for resolving impasses.
Should the 7th Edition of the Lung Cancer Stage Classification System Change Treatment Algorithms in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Daniel J. Boffa, Frank C. Detterbeck, Erica J. Smith, Ramon Rami-Porta, John Crowley, Daniel Zelterman, Lynn Tanoue, Anthony W. Kim, Peter Goldstraw
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Thyroid Hormones and Protein-Bound Iodine
Authors: Paul Starr
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> My statement in my letter of July 1968, that triiodothyronine "stimulates metabolism without representation in the PBI value" is supported by the following clinical facts. When one administers 50μg to 100μg of triiodothyronine by mouth daily to a patient who has a normal protein bound iodine value, this protein bound iodine rapidly decreases to an irreducible value; in other words, if clinically significant amounts of triiodothyronine are administered, a patient's PBI level goes down. It does not go up. This, in the face of the fact which Dr. Wiener states, namely, that the concentration of triiodothyronine in the blood is very low; in fact, it is not great enough to make a clinically significant variation in the serum protein bound iodine which is being interpreted by the physician. The second example supporting my statement is that we have administered as much as 0.3 mg of triiodothyronine daily
Impact of cytogenetics on the prognosis of adults with de novo AML in first relapse
Authors: A Weltermann, C Fonatsch, O A Haas, H T Greinix, P Kahls, G Mitterbauer, U Jäger, B Kainz, K Geissler, P Valent, W R Sperr, P Knöbl, I Schwarzinger, A Gleiß, K Lechner
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Coloboma of the Choroid and Iris
Authors: W. C. Rockliffe
Journal: BMJ (1881)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL _OURNAL 385 which had, remained behind, probably detained in a saccule of the bladder.The fragments removed weighed 237 grains.The patient made an excellent recovery.CASE III.-A gentleman aged 77, whom I saw in consultation with Mr. Hakes in December s88o, for some time past had suffered from an irritable bladder, but refused to be examined until his symptoms became suddenly and most acutely painful.I found two calculi.As I have before stated, it was found necessary, in consequence of the extreme urgency of the symptoms, to attempt removal without delay.On December 21st, in the presence of Mr. Hakes and Dr. Lee, without any difficulty, I cleared the bladder of two uric acid calculi; the fragments weighed one hundred and eighty grains.The course of the cystitis appeared in no way altered by the operation, and death took place on December 24th.CASE IV.-J.0., aged 64, was admitted into the infirmary under my care in December I88o.Under ether, I crushed a phosphatic calculus three-fourths of an inch in diameter, and evacuated the fragments.The patient left the infirmary fourteen days after the operation.
Prospective Evaluation of Whole-Body Cancer Screening With Multiple Modalities Including [<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in a Healthy Population: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Sadahiko Nishizawa, Shinsuke Kojima, Satoshi Teramukai, Masayuki Inubushi, Hironobu Kodama, Yoshiki Maeda, Hiroyuki Okada, Bin Zhou, Yoji Nagai, Masanori Fukushima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose To prospectively evaluate the utility of whole-body cancer screening with multiple modalities including [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in a healthy population. This report summarizes the results of the first three annual screenings. Participants and Methods A total of 1,197 healthy volunteers ≥ 35 years old were enrolled between August 2003 and July 2004 and offered annual cancer screening for 5 years with subsequent long-term follow-up. Screening modalities included were whole-body FDG-PET, chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT), brain and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, several tumor markers, and fecal occult blood testing. Results As of the end of 2006, 22 primary cancers were pathologically confirmed. Nineteen of 22 were detected by the screening; 18 in the initial, one in the second, and none in the third. Three were diagnosed after development of symptoms. Of the 18 detected in the initial screening (six thyroid, four lung, three prostate, three breast, one endometrial, and one thymic), 12 were at stage I and 11 were PET positive. PET-negative cancers were detected by CT or the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Sensitivity and specificity were 50.0% (11 of 22) and 93.2% (1,095 of 1,175), respectively, for FDG-PET alone and 81.8% (18 of 22) and 82.0% (963 of 1,175), respectively, for the combination of imaging modalities and PSA. Conclusion While FDG-PET alone is insufficient, whole-body cancer screening with selected modalities including FDG-PET has initial performance supporting possible utility by detecting a wide variety of early-stage cancers with reasonable sensitivity. However, the detection of many indolent cancers and false positives necessitate continuing study for appropriate evaluation.
The Indications for Tracheotomy in Cases of Laryngitis and Diphtheria
Authors: G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1870)

On post rnortem examination, very little fluid was found in the pleural cavities.There were no adhesions nor lymph, nor roughness of the pleura pulmonalis or costalis, even where the loud rubbing had been audible.The lungs were emphysematous, otherwise healthy.There was a little fluid in the pericardium.The heart was sound, but for some small warty vegetations on the auricular surface and edge of the mitral valve.The stomach was very large, V-shaped, the limbs passing high up in each chest; other viscera healthy.The left femoral vein and the iliac vein, from the point where it joins the trunk, to the leg, was very small and agglomerated, as it were, with the tissues, from which it could not be cleanly dissected.Its calibre was occupied by a clot passing into its branches.The clot was firm; in some parts dark, in others rusty red; it was closely adherent to the wall of the vessel, yet easily separable, and, when separated, left the lining coat of the vessel smooth and glistening in most parts, but here and there deeply stained purple, with a somewhat sloughy look.The arteries were healthy.The uterus was very small and hard.The hymen was perfect.CASE VIII.-M.K., aged 2I, single, for six weeks had had cough and palpitation after unusually hard work.She menstruated regularly but scantily; did so five days before admission.The day after her ad- mission to the Infirmary, without assignable cause, " white leg" on the left side set in, with distinct cord-like ramification of the superficial veins.After a week, the left leg improving, the right began to swell, and was very tense, white, and shining, up to the hip.On the tenth day, a loud systolic bruitit was audible at the apex of the heart and along the aorta and subclavians, with a cough and oppression of the chest (which, however, from her condition, it was impossible to minutely ex- amine).She completely recovered.
A Liquid Pregame Meal for Athletes
Authors: Kenneth D. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In an effort to obviate vomiting in athletes before important competitive events, a liquid meal was devised, and its ingestion was so timed that the stomach would be empty at the beginning of the game. The volume of the liquid meal, served cold at 10:30 A.M., was 474 cc. It supplied 925 large calories; of these 68%, 24%, and 8% were contributed respectively by carbohydrate, protein, and fat. It passed through the stomach in less than 2 hours. It did not differ from the conventional solid meal with respect to subsequent hunger, diarrhea, or weight changes, but in those who took it dryness of the mouth was less frequent during the game, strength and endurance seemed to be improved, and both vomiting and muscular cramps were eliminated.
Real-time MR Imaging With Gadoteridol Predicts Distribution of Transgenes After Convection-enhanced Delivery of AAV2 Vectors
Authors: Xiaomin Su, Adrian P Kells, Ernesto Aguilar Salegio, R Mark Richardson, Piotr Hadaczek, Janine Beyer, John Bringas, Philip Pivirotto, John Forsayeth, Krystof S Bankiewicz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Gene therapies that utilize convention-enhanced delivery (CED) will require close monitoring of vector infusion in real time and accurate prediction of drug distribution. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, Gadoteridol (Gd), was used to monitor CED infusion and to predict the expression pattern of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) protein after administration of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vector encoding human pre-pro-GDNF complementary DNA. The nonhuman primate (NHP) thalamus was utilized for modeling infusion to allow delivery of volumes more relevant to planned human studies. AAV2 encoding human aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) was coinfused with AAV2-GDNF/Gd to confirm regions of AAV2 transduction versus extracellular GDNF diffusion. There was a close correlation between Gd distribution and GDNF or AADC expression, and the ratios of expression areas of GDNF or AADC versus Gd were both close to 1. Our data support the use of Gd and MRI to monitor AAV2 infusion via CED and to predict the distribution of GDNF protein after AAV2-GDNF administration. Gene therapies that utilize convention-enhanced delivery (CED) will require close monitoring of vector infusion in real time and accurate prediction of drug distribution. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, Gadoteridol (Gd), was used to monitor CED infusion and to predict the expression pattern of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) protein after administration of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vector encoding human pre-pro-GDNF complementary DNA. The nonhuman primate (NHP) thalamus was utilized for modeling infusion to allow delivery of volumes more relevant to planned human studies. AAV2 encoding human aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) was coinfused with AAV2-GDNF/Gd to confirm regions of AAV2 transduction versus extracellular GDNF diffusion. There was a close correlation between Gd distribution and GDNF or AADC expression, and the ratios of expression areas of GDNF or AADC versus Gd were both close to 1. Our data support the use of Gd and MRI to monitor AAV2 infusion via CED and to predict the distribution of GDNF protein after AAV2-GDNF administration.
Re: Stancik I, Lüftenegger W, Klimpfinger M, Müller MM, Hoeltl W. Effect of NIH-IV prostatitis on free and free-to-total PSA. Eur Urol 2004;46:760–4
Authors: Andrea Minervini, Sergio Serni, Lorenzo Masieri, Marco Carini
Journal: European Urology (2004)