tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the GP contract: one step forward Britons walk out of EU medical meeting Parliamentary parties clash over rationing
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Under any new contractual arrangements core and non-core services should be separated and the in hours and out of hours parts of the contract should be split. These decisions emerged after last week's meeting of the General Medical Services Committee, which was devoted to discussing various options in open forum and in working groups.

As a result of the 1990 general practitioner contract and the NHS reforms there is increasing support among general practitioners for other contractual options. And the chairman of the General Medical Services Committee, Dr Ian Bogle, has always insisted that the recent out of hours agreement was only an interim measure.

Each of the eight working groups completed a questionnaire, which included questions on the independent contractor status, salaried employment, commissioning for the provision of general medical services, and patient access to general practitioner services, as well as one on priorities for negotiations--separation of core and non-core services came top of the list. The results of the day's deliberations will be drawn together and taken back to the GMSC before being sent out to local medical committees (LMCs) for consultation. Several members supported the idea of a special LMC conference in the spring of 1996, but Dr Bogle said that the important thing was to get the document right.

The debates were helped by contributions from the professor of health policy at Imperial College, University of London, Professor Nick Bosanquet, and the visiting professor of general practice at Guy's and St Thomas's Hospital Medical School, Professor Marshall Marinker.

Professor Bosanquet believed that general practitioners were at the crossroads. At present, however, they were trying to do several jobs: they were doing their old job, …
Depression, Hostility and Anxiety in Hyperprolactinemic Amenorrhea
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Maurizio Fava, Robert Kellner, Emanuela Serafini, Ismaele Mastrogiacomo
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

In order to evaluate the relationship of psychological distress to hyperprolactinemia, 20 patients with secondary amenorrhea were evaluated by a semi-structured research interview and administered the Kellner Symptom Questionnaire. Group A (10 patients with amenorrhea and hyperprolactinemia) reported significantly more symptoms of depression, hostility and anxiety than group B (10 patients with amenorrhea and normal basal levels of plasma prolactin). Both groups were significantly more anxious, depressed and reported more somatic symptoms than a normal control group (n = 10). 6 of the 10 patients in group A reported decrease in libido, while this was found only in 1 of the 10 patients of group B. The findings suggest that the syndrome of depression, hostility and anxiety in a woman complaining of amenorrhea, especially if associated with decreased libido and galactorrhea, can be a manifestation of hyperprolactinemia.
Plasmin‐α2‐plasmin inhibitor complex in plasma of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Hoyu Takahashi, Masaharu Hanano, Shin‐Ichiro Takizawa, Wataru Tatewaki, Akira Shibata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Plasmin‐α2‐plasmin inhibitor (α2PI) complex, an indicator of in vivo plasmin generation, was measured in the plasma of 48 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Plasmin‐α2PI complex was markedly elevated to 7.9 ± 4.26 mg/liter (mean ± SD) in DIC at presentation, with normal values at less than 0.8 mg/liter. The concentration of plasmin‐α2PI complex changed in parallel with the course of DIC and decreased to 1.9 ± 1.49 mg/liter (n = 28) in remission. Among various underlying disorders, DIC, in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, had the highest complex levels (mean 10.8 mg/liter), and septic patients had the lowest levels (mean 3.4 mg/liter). No significant correlation was found between FDP and plasmin‐α2PI complex. These results indicate that the quantitative assay of plasmin‐α2PI complex in plasma would be valuable in the assessment of hyperfibrinolysis in DIC.
Logistics of Staphylococcal Drug Resistance
Authors: Murray D. Kuhr
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The EDITORIAL on penicillin-resistant staphylococci (229: 1096, 1974) correctly states the problem but doesn't mention a therapeutic strategy more reasonable to the primary care practitioner. The author suggests culture and sensitivity study and initiation of penicillinase-resistant penicillin therapy, and then a switch to penicillin G if a sensitive<i>Staphylococcus</i>is found. The estimated cost of a staphylococcal infection (infected minor laceration, paronychia, boils, bullous impetigo), in the author's hands, is $38 for resistant staphylococci and $35 for sensitive staphylococci. In our hospital bacteriology lab, 97% of<i>S aureus</i>is found to be sensitive to erythromycin. In an illness such as we have described, it is reasonable to assume that the organism will be sensitive to erythromycin; therefore, culture would not be indicated unless the infection failed to respond. With this regimen, a comparable estimate of the cost of illness would be $20.50. Only the rare unresponsive infection
Fulminating, Rapidly Fatal Shigellosis in Children
Authors: Dick Hoefnagel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE varying degrees of severity with which shigellosis runs its course in individual cases, in family outbreaks and in local epidemics has been discussed in the extensive literature on the subject.This paper emphasizes the occurrence in children of a fulminating form of the illness, leading rapidly to death. The occurrence of more than 1 fatal case in a family within a short period is used as an argument for more vigorous preventive measures in members of the family of a patient with shigellosis.Scattered references in the literature have stressed the fulminating course of shigellosis in children. Evans1 reported . . .
Rocking the foundations of hospital architecture
Authors: E. Heathcote
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Maggie Jencks’ spatial experience of cancer was poor. Just as for hundreds of thousands of others, the diagnosis of the cancer that would eventually kill her was revealed to her in a grim, strip lit room, sitting on plastic chairs amid the bustle and ennui of a general hospital. She became convinced that it didn’t have to be this way, and, together with her husband, architecture critic and designer Charles Jencks, she founded the first of what would become Maggie’s Cancer Caring Centres. This was an intimate, domestically scaled refuge in a stable block in the grounds of Edinburgh’s Western General Hospital, a place for patients with cancer and their relatives to escape the relentless medicalised glare of the hospital building, to remove themselves to a humane setting of care, empathy, and humanity.

Maggie Jencks died in 1995, but Maggie’s Centres have flourished and become a much studied and emulated model of a new type of hybrid medical building, one that is not a clinical centre but that nevertheless has a specialist nurse constantly available; one that is not institutional yet is …
The Long-Term Effects of Exposure to Low Doses of Lead in Childhood
Authors: Michael I. Good, Claire B. Ernhart, Tom Greene, Thomas A. Boyd, Marion R. Sills, Kathryn R. Mahaffey, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Herbert L. Needleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Abstract To determine whether the effects of low-level lead exposure persist, we reexamined 132 of 270 young adults who had initially been studied as primary schoolchildren in 1975 through 1978. In the earlier study, neurobehavioral functioning was found to be inversely related to dentin lead levels. As compared with those we restudied, the other 138 subjects had had somewhat higher lead levels on earlier analysis, as well as significantly lower IQ scores and poorer teachers' ratings of classroom behavior. When the 132 subjects were reexamined in 1988, impairment in neurobehavioral function was still found to be related to the lead content of teeth shed at the ages of six and seven. The young people with dentin lead levels >20 ppm had a markedly higher risk of dropping out of high school (adjusted odds ratio, 7.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.4 to 40.7) and of having a reading disability (odds ratio, 5.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 19.7) as compared with those with dentin lead levels <10 ...
Hypereosinophilic syndrome with unusual cutaneous manifestations in two men with HIV infection
Authors: Lewis Pete May, Jennine Kelly, Miguel Sanchez
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)

We report two men with human immunodeficiency virus infection who had unusual cutaneous manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndrome, exfoliative erythroderma, and linear flagellate plaques. In the first patient the cutaneous disease was the initial manifestation, and in the second the skin was the only organ affected. We also describe a favorable response to systemic corticosteroids and to psoralen with UVA phototherapy in one patient. We report two men with human immunodeficiency virus infection who had unusual cutaneous manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndrome, exfoliative erythroderma, and linear flagellate plaques. In the first patient the cutaneous disease was the initial manifestation, and in the second the skin was the only organ affected. We also describe a favorable response to systemic corticosteroids and to psoralen with UVA phototherapy in one patient.
Surveillance of the duodenum in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis Reply
Authors: A SPIGELMAN, R PHILLIPS, H F A VASEN
Journal: Gut (1998)

Editor,—We compliment Vasen et al ( Gut 1997; 40 :716–19) on their attempt to quantify the benefit of surveillance of the duodenum in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We should like to make the following points:

The St Marks’s study1 is not strictly comparable to the Scandinavian study in that in the former results are based on the use of a side-viewing endoscope to focus particularly on the high risk periampullary area, whereas the Scandinavian study used forward viewing endoscopes only.

Vasen et al state that pancreaticoduodenectomy has substantial morbidity and mortality; this statement contradicts another within the body of the text referring to the decline in mortality from this operation over the past decade. It would be fair to say that the operation has the potential for substantial morbidity and mortality. However, this potential has not been fulfilled, especially …
Concept acquisition and use occurs in (real) context
Authors: Kenneth R. Livingston
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

A realist story of concepts like Millikan's can and should accommodate facts about how the context of items available for comparison during concept formation affects just what concept is formed or reidentified. Similarly, the contribution of the goals and purposes of the conceptualizer are relevant to how concepts are acquired and deployed, but can be understood as entirely consistent with a view of concepts as objectively evaluable.
Oral contraceptives and dental care
Authors: D. N. Barber
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The hypertrophic gingivitis of pregnancy thought to be due to hormonal changes is also seen in patients on oral contraceptives as slight puffiness of the gums and marginal soreness.  Disordered arrangement of delicate tissues around the necks of the teeth may progress to acute infection or pyorrhea; occasionally hypertrophy of gum tissue leads to a benign tumor which clears up when the menstrual cycle is re-established.  These conditions can usually be prevented with proper dental hygiene and routine attention to diet.  Patients on oral contraceptives are urged to receive regular dental care.
Recurrent myocardial infarction in a young man due to coronary arterial spasm demonstrated at autopsy.
Authors: N R El-Maraghi, B J Sealey
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A case is presented, believed to be the first reported, describing recurrent myocardial infarction in an athletic 25-year-old man due to coronary arterial spasm, which was demonstrated at autopsy. A previous angiogram performed during life, after the first myocardial infarction, showed normal coronary arteries. The findings in this case are discussed with a review of the current knowledge pertaining to coronary arterial spasm.
Abstract P6-04-30: COUP-TFII suppresses NFκB activation in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells
Authors: LM Litchfield, CM Klinge
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract COUP-TFII is an orphan nuclear receptor that functions as either a transcriptional activator or repressor. We previously reported that COUP-TFII expression is reduced in endocrine-resistant LCC9 breast cancer cells and that overexpression of COUP-TFII restored the ability of the antiestrogen tamoxifen to inhibit cell proliferation. An increase in NFκB activity and p65/RELA expression has been reported in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Because NFκB activation results in increased expression of anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative genes, increased NFκB signaling promotes the survival of cancer cells. The goal of the current study was to further elucidate the mechanism by which COUP-TFII enables cells to maintain endocrine sensitivity and to determine if COUP-TFII can modulate NFκB activity in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. To examine whether COUP-TFII can suppress NFκB activity, MCF-7 (tamoxifen-sensitive, TAM-S) and LCC9 (tamoxifen-resistant, TAM-R) breast cancer cells were transfected with a NFκB luciferase reporter and treated with TNFα to activate NFκB. NFκB activity was elevated in LCC9 TAM-R cells and co-transfection with COUP-TFII reduced NFκB activity. COUP-TFII overexpression led to a statistically significant reduction in the expression of NFκB subunits RELA, RELB, NFKB1, and REL in LCC9 cells. Significantly reduced expression of NFκB target genes IL6, ICAM1, TNFAIP3, and CCL2 was also evident upon COUP-TFII overexpression, reflecting the suppression of the NFκB pathway by COUP-TFII. Inhibition of NFκB activation by COUP-TFII also led to a reduction in cell viability in TAM-R cells in response to tamoxifen treatment. Together these data indicate a novel role for COUP-TFII in suppression of NFκB activity which may explain the ability of COUP-TFII to promote tamoxifen-sensitivity. COUP-TFII may be both a useful biomarker to predict tamoxifen-sensitivity as well as a target to restore endocrine sensitivity to resistant cells. Supported by NIEHS T32 ES011564 predoctoral fellowship to L.M.L. and Susan G. Komen for the Cure grant KG080365 to C.M.K. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-30.
Variations in Coronary Lumen Dimensions Measured In Vivo
Authors: Rishi Puri, Adam J. Nelson, Gary Y.H. Liew, Stephen J. Nicholls, Angelo Carbone, Dennis T.L. Wong, James E. Harvey, Kiyoko Uno, Barbara Copus, Darryl P. Leong, John F. Beltrame, Stephen G. Worthley, Matthew I. Worthley
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
964 THE PRESENCE OF TWO OR MORE METABOLIC ALTERATIONS AND HEPATIC STEATOSIS CHARACTERIZES THE DYSMETABOLIC IRON OVERLOAD SYNDROME
Authors: A. Riva, P. Trombini, R. Mariani, A. Salvioni, S. Coletti, S. Bonfadini, V. Paolini, M. Pozzi, G. Bovo, A. Piperno
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Intestinal Inhibition of the Na <sup>+</sup> /H <sup>+</sup> Exchanger 3 Prevents Cardiorenal Damage in Rats and Inhibits Na <sup>+</sup> Uptake in Humans
Authors: Andrew G. Spencer, Eric D. Labonte, David P. Rosenbaum, Craig F. Plato, Christopher W. Carreras, Michael R. Leadbetter, Kenji Kozuka, Jill Kohler, Samantha Koo-McCoy, Limin He, Noah Bell, Jocelyn Tabora, Kristin M. Joly, Marc Navre, Jeffrey W. Jacobs, Dominique Charmot
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

An inhibitor of intestinal NHE3 reduces absorption of dietary sodium in rats and humans and prevents salt-induced cardiorenal injury in nephrectomized rats.
VARIATIONS IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS PHENOTYPE WITHIN THE CORONARY AND PERIPHERAL VASCULAR TERRITORIES: INSIGHTS FROM INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Authors: Rishi Puri, Paul Bishop, Danielle Brennan, Kiyoko Uno, Yu Kataoka, James Harvey, Lindsay Feiten, Daniel Clair, Samir Kapadia, E. Murat Tuzcu, Stephen Nicholls
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Successful management of pulmonary tuberculosis in renal allograft recipients in a single center
Authors: Vivekanand Jha, Vinay Sakhuja, Dheeraj Gupta, V. Sree Krishna, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Kusum Joshi, Kamal Sud, Harbir S. Kohli, Krishan L. Gupta
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Starch granulomatosis of the peritoneum.
Authors: G R Swingler
Journal: BMJ (1971)

boy of average height during a current survey; the fact remains that this boy was of average height at the time of our survey.Had we concentrated on boys of above average height (as is often the case in studies involving XYY individuals), this boy would not have been spotted.(2) As our survey is still in progress we deliberately did not extrapolate his height for two reasons: (a) the boy is still under observation and we are hoping to be able to follow his growth as long as possible; (b) we supplied the two measurements in our paper to enable interested readers to do their own extrapolating.-Weare, etc.,
Third-generation, self-inactivating gp91phoxlentivector corrects the oxidase defect in NOD/SCID mouse–repopulating peripheral blood–mobilized CD34+ cells from patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Joachim Roesler, Sebastian Brenner, Anatoly A. Bukovsky, Narda Whiting-Theobald, Thomas Dull, Michael Kelly, Curt I. Civin, Harry L. Malech
Journal: Blood (2002)
Risk of schizophrenia in adults born after obstetric complications and their association with early onset of illness: a controlled study.
Authors: E. O'Callaghan, T. Gibson, H. A. Colohan, P. Buckley, D. G. Walshe, C. Larkin, J. L. Waddington
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether obstetric complications occur to excess in the early histories of individuals who go on to develop schizophrenia when compared with controls, and to seek clinical correlates of any such excess. DESIGN--Contemporaneous maternity hospital records were identified and extracted verbatim, and these extracts evaluated for obstetric complications by two independent assessors who were blind to subjects9 status. SUBJECTS--65 patients having an ICD-9 diagnosis of schizophrenia, the records of the previous same sex live birth being deemed to be those of a control subject. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Presence of one or more obstetric complications recorded in maternity notes of patients and controls. RESULTS--When two recognised scales for specifying obstetric complications were used the patients with schizophrenia were significantly more likely than controls to have experienced at least one obstetric complication (odds ratio 2.44, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 6.03). Patients also showed a greater number and severity of and total score for obstetric complications, fetal distress being the only complication to occur to significant individual excess (present in five (8%) patients, absent in controls). There was a marked sex effect, male patients being more vulnerable (odds ratio 4.24, 1.39 to 12.90) to such complications. Obstetric complications in patients were unrelated to family history or season of birth but were associated with a significantly younger age at onset of illness (mean difference--4.5 years,--1.2 to--7.8 years). CONCLUSIONS--Patients with schizophrenia, particularly males, have an excess of obstetric complications in their early developmental histories, and such complications are associated with a younger age at onset of their disease. Though the data are not conclusive, they also suggest that obstetric complications may be secondary to yet earlier events.
Primary Rhabdomyosarcoma of Pulmonary Artery
Authors: KC Sudhir Suman, Punit Sharma, Harmandeep Singh, Chandrasekhar Bal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Primary pulmonary artery rhabdomyosarcomas are very rare tumors with a small number of cases reported in the literature. Here we show 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) images of a 58-year-old man with left pulmonary artery rhabdomyosarcoma who had undergone surgery for the primary tumor followed by chemotherapy. Restaging FDG PET/CT showed local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis. This case highlights that FDG PET/CT can be useful for restaging rare tumors such as pulmonary artery rhabdomyosarcoma.
SARCOMA OF THE PIA AND BRAIN, SIMULATING BRAIN TUMOR; MONO-SPASM AND MONO-PARESIS; OPERATION; DEATH ON THE THIRD DAY.Read by title before the Section of Neurology and Medical Jurisprudence at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: J. T. ESKRIDGE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

E. T. P., male, aet. 50, Iowa merchant, was referred to me by Dr. W. J. Rothwell. His family history is excellent. His health during childhood was good, with the exception of headache, from which he suffered considerably during attendance at school. After he left school his headache ceased almost entirely. He denies more than occasional use of alcohol, or excess in venery. During his twenty-first year he contracted a hard chancre and a few months later he lost most of the hair on his head. There were no other secondaries. About seven years after the initial lesion of syphilis he married. His Wife lived nineteen years, and during this time she had several miscarriages, none of the children reaching full fetal development. The wife died a few years ago with brain trouble (probably syphilitic). Mr. P. seemed to continue in firstrate health until the summer of 1889, when he
Serial analysis of JAK2 mutation in a patient who developed essential thrombocythemia after orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: W.Y. Au, A. Fung, C.L. Liu, S.T. Fan, S.K. Ma, R. Liang, Y.L. Kwong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

A 52-year-old man developed essential thrombocythemia (ET) with JAK2 V617F mutation after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Retrospective analysis showed that, despite a low platelet count, the JAK2 mutation was already found at presentation 14 months before OLT. The high platelet count that would have been typical of ET might be masked by the cirrhosis-related hypersplenism. Thrombocythemia became obvious after OLT. The patient subsequently developed blastic transformation 12 months afterward, a process probably accelerated by the immunosuppression required for the OLT.