tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CPAP improves inspiratory muscle strength in patients with heart failure and central sleep apnea.
Authors: J T Granton, M T Naughton, D C Benard, P P Liu, R S Goldstein, T D Bradley
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) suffer from respiratory muscle weakness which may contribute to dyspnea. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) can improve left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and reduce dyspnea in patients with CHF and Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA) but its effects on respiratory muscle strength are not known. We therefore studied the effects of NCPAP on maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively), LVEF, dyspnea, and fatigue in patients with chronic CHF and CSR-CSA over 3 mo. Eight patients were randomized to control and nine to nightly NCPAP. There were no significant changes in any of these factors in the control group during the study. In contrast, among the NCPAP group, MIP increased from 79.3 +/- 8.1 to 90.7 +/- 10.4 cm H2O (mean +/- SEM; p < 0.02), LVEF increased from 24.0 +/- 4.0 to 32.6 +/- 6.6% (p < 0.02) and symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue were alleviated. However, MEP did not change. In addition, the number of apneas and hypopneas decreased from 49 +/- 11 to 17 +/- 7 per hour of sleep (p < 0.001) and mean low Sao2 during sleep increased from 87.9 +/- 1.0 to 93.0 +/- 1.0% (p < 0.01). Our data indicate that nightly application of NCPAP in patients with CHF and CSR-CSA improves inspiratory muscle strength and LVEF, and relieves dyspnea and fatigue.
722-5 Dobutamine Echocardiography and Rest SPECT TI·201 Scintigraphy are More Concordant in Detecting Viability in Hibernating than Stunned Myocardium
Authors: Steven C. Smart, Thomas Knickelbine, Michael E. Carlos, Robert S. Hellman, John C. Wynsen, Kiran B. Sagar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Left ventricular performance in normal subjects: a comparison of the responses to exercise in the upright and supine positions.
Authors: L R Poliner, G J Dehmer, S E Lewis, R W Parkey, C G Blomqvist, J T Willerson
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Left ventricular (LV) performance at rest and during multilevel exercise in the supine and up- right positions was studied in seven normal subjects with equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography.The mean left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) during supine rest was 107 4 10 ml (± SEM) and 85 ± 6 ml (p < 0.02) in the upright position; the mean resting left ventricular end-systolic volumes (LVESV) were not diSferent in the upright and supine positions.The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) tended to be slightly higher in the supine (76 ± 2%) than in the upright position (72 4%).The resting hpart rate was 89 + 5 beats/min up- right, compared with 71 ± 6 beats/min supine (p < 0.05).Multilevel exercise testing was carried out at a low work load of 300 kpm/min, an intermediate work load of 600-750 kpm/min and a peak work load of 1092 66 kpm/min supine and 946 ± 146 kpm/min upright (p < 0.05).With peak exercise, supine LVEDV increased significantly, to 135 ± 13 ml (27%), but LVESV did not change.LVEF increased from 76 ± 2% to 84 i 2% (p < 0.05).With upright exercise, LVEDV increased 39% above the resting level, to 116 ± 8 ml (p < 0.02), but remained lower than the supine LVEDVs at intermediate (p < 0.05) and peak work loads.LVESV decreased significantly by 41%, to 19 ± 3 ml, and was significantly smaller than the corresponding supine volume at intermediate and peak exercise (p < 0.05).LVEF increased from 72 ± 4% to 91 ± 2% (p < 0.05), which was significantly higher than peak supine LVEF (p < 0.05).Heart rates at rest and during exercise were higher in the upright position (p < 0.05), but arterial pressures and double products did not differ significantly.Measurements of LV volumes at rest and during exercise in both the supine and upright positions by dynamic radionuclide scintigraphy suggest that stroke volume during exercise is maintained by a combination of the Frank-Starling mechanism and an enhanced contractile state.
STAFFING OF MATERNITY AND INFANT WELFARE CENTRES
Authors: C. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1930)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease characterized by a diffuse mononuclear cell infiltrate in the lung that can progress to pulmonary fibrosis with chronic exposure to an inhaled Ag. We previously reported that C57BL/6 mice repeatedly exposed to the ubiquitous microorganism <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> develop mononuclear infiltrates in the lung that contain Vγ6/Vδ1<sup>+</sup> γδ T cells. In the absence of this T cell subset, mice treated with <i>B. subtilis</i> had significantly increased collagen deposition in the lung, suggesting a regulatory role for Vγ6/Vδ1<sup>+</sup> γδ T cells. To further investigate the role of Vγ6/Vδ1<sup>+</sup> γδ T cells in <i>B. subtilis</i>-induced lung fibrosis, we exposed transgenic Vγ6/Vδ1 mice to this microorganism and found decreased collagen content in the lung compared with wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Cytokine analysis of lung homogenates from wild-type C57BL/6 mice demonstrated increased IL-17A concentrations with repeated exposure to <i>B. subtilis</i>. In the absence of IL-17 receptor signaling, IL-17ra<sup>−/−</sup> mice had delayed clearance of <i>B. subtilis</i> with increased lung inflammation and fibrosis. Although IL-17A was predominantly expressed by Vγ6/Vδ1<sup>+</sup> T cells, a compensatory increase in IL-17A expression by CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells was seen in the absence of γδ T cells that resulted in similar levels of IL-17A in the lungs of TCRδ<sup>−/−</sup> and wild-type C57BL/6 mice. In combination, our data suggest an important role for IL-17A-expressing T lymphocytes, both γδ and αβ T cells, in eliminating this microorganism that prevents excessive inflammation and eventual lung fibrosis in this murine model of <i>B. subtilis</i>-induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Echocardiographic appearance of the Chiari network: differentiation from right-heart pathology.
Authors: J A Werner, M D Cheitlin, B W Gross, S M Speck, T D Ivey
Journal: Circulation (1981)

As echocardiography is being used more often, its value and accuracy are becoming more fully appreciated. Coincident with wider application of this imaging technique is the potential for identifying normal anatomic variants and their possible erroneous interpretation as pathologic states. In this report we describe the M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic features of a congenital remnant known as the Chiari network. This structure can present as a highly mobile, highly reflectant echo target that can be seen in several locations in the right atrium. We report here an index case that could be well examined echocardiographically and that was a cause of considerable concern due to the presence of congestive heart failure and a history of staphylococcal endocarditis. The presence of the Chiari network was confirmed pathologically. Subsequently, we found similar echocardiographic findings in 19 of 1248 patients (1.5%) studied in our laboratory. This congenital remnant, which is found pathologically in 2-3% of normal hearts, could be confused with valve disruption, vegetation or other mass lesion, particularly when associated with a suggestive clinical situation.
Oxygen-dependent modulation of erythropoietin mRNA levels in isolated rat kidneys studied by RNase protection.
Authors: P J Ratcliffe, R W Jones, R E Phillips, L G Nicholls, J I Bell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Using oligonucleotide primers complementary to conserved regions in the mouse erythropoietin (Epo) gene, a portion of the rat Epo gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction to produce a probe suitable for assay of rat Epo mRNA by RNAse protection. The assay, which has sufficient sensitivity to measure to Epo mRNA in unstimulated rat kidneys, was used to demonstrate high amplitude in vitro modulation of Epo mRNA levels in response to changes in perfusate flow rate and oxygen tension in isolated kidneys, thus providing clear evidence that all the necessary events linking changes in oxygen delivery to the modulation of Epo mRNA levels can occur intrarenally.
Dynamics of Human Foveal Development after Premature Birth
Authors: Ramiro S. Maldonado, Rachelle V. O'Connell, Neeru Sarin, Sharon F. Freedman, David K. Wallace, C. Michael Cotten, Katrina P. Winter, Sandra Stinnett, Stephanie J. Chiu, Joseph A. Izatt, Sina Farsiu, Cynthia A. Toth
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Should CMS Cover Lung Cancer Screening for the Fully Informed Patient?
Authors: Robert J. Volk, Ernest Hawk, Therese B. Bevers
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract PR04: Novel somatic and germline mutations in intracranial germ cell tumors
Authors: Linghua Wang, Shigeru Yamaguchi, Keita Terashima, Mathew D. Burstein, Hideo Nakamura, Tomonari Susuki, Ryo Nishikawa, Atsushi Natsume, Shunsuke Terasaka, Ho Keung Ng, Adekunle Adesina, Richard Gibbs, David Wheeler, Ching Lau
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Intracranial germ cell tumors (IGCTs) are rare and biologically diversified tumors affecting mainly male adolescents with the highest incidence in Japan and other Asian countries2. They are divided into two main groups, pure germinoma and nongerminomatous GCTs (NGGCTs). About 10% of germinomas and most NGGCTs remain refractory to multimodality therapy. Little is currently known about IGCTs except for KIT mutation/overexpression, which is observed in ∼25% of pure germinomas and is rarely seen in NGGCTs. As yet, there are no clues for the puzzle of onset during puberty, geographic and gender discrepancy in incidence of IGCTs. Here we report the analysis of 62 cases by whole-exome sequencing, deep-targeted sequencing and SNP array. The KIT/RAS pathway was frequently mutated in pure germinomas and mixed GCTs with germinoma components. In contrast, NGGCTs appear to have a paucity of clinically actionable mutations. We identified novel recurrent somatic mutations in KIT and 8 additional genes in KIT/RAS pathway that have not been previously associated with IGCTs: downstream mediators of KIT including KRAS, NRAS, MTOR, AKT1 and its negative regulator CBL (11%). We showed frequent focal amplification at AKT1 locus (19%), leading to AKT1 overexpression. Moreover, we identified loss-of-function mutations in BCORL1 (10%), a transcriptional corepressor and tumor suppressor. Furthermore, we report for the first time, significant enrichment of novel and rare germline variants in JMJD1C, a histone demethylase and coactivator of the androgen receptor, among Japanese IGCT patients. Our data suggested a strong association of JMJD1C variants and the risk of developing of IGCTs (odds ratio=3.57). This study establishes a molecular foundation for understanding the biology of IGCTs and suggests potential promising targets for development of novel therapeutics. This abstract is also presented as Poster A14. Citation Format: Linghua Wang, Shigeru Yamaguchi, Keita Terashima, Mathew D. Burstein, Hideo Nakamura, Tomonari Susuki, Ryo Nishikawa, Atsushi Natsume, Shunsuke Terasaka, Ho Keung Ng, Adekunle Adesina, Richard Gibbs, David Wheeler, Ching Lau. Novel somatic and germline mutations in intracranial germ cell tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improved Outcomes; Nov 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;74(20 Suppl):Abstract nr PR04.
Botulinum toxin for focal hyperhidrosis: technical considerations and improvements in application
Authors: None Naumann, None Bergmann, None Hofmann, None Hamm, None Reiners
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Botulinum toxin for focal hyperhidrosis: technical considerations and improvements in application Get access M. Naumann, M. Naumann Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Bayerische Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg, Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Bergmann, I. Bergmann Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Bayerische Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg, Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. Hofmann, U. Hofmann Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Bayerische Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg, Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Hamm, H. Hamm Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Bayerische Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg, Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Reiners K. Reiners Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Bayerische Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität Würzburg, Josef‐Schneider‐Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 139, Issue 6, 1 December 1998, Pages 1123–1124, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.2576k.x Published: 01 December 1998
Thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia in rheumatic diseases.
Authors: G Valentini, U Chianese, G Tirri, M Giordano
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia in rheumatic diseases SIR, In their interesting abstract on platelets and rheumatoid arthritis' Farr et al. call attention to the frequent presence of an inflammation-related thrombocytosis in rheumatoid art- hritis (RA).They point out that such a finding is not specific of RA.In fact they found thrombocytosis related to disease activity also in patients affected with Crohn's disease.We reached the same conclusions by the analysis of platelet counts found in a wide series including patients with RA, juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA), Sjogren's syndrome
The Heimlich Maneuver and the Resuscitation of Near-Drowning Victims
Authors: John H. Moxley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> At the Interim Meeting of the American Medical Association's (AMA) House of Delegates in 1985, Resolution 52 was introduced, asking that the AMA recognize the Heimlich maneuver (subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrusts) as the only recommended method for treatment of choking from foreign-body airway obstruction. This resolution was referred to the Council on Scientific Affairs. The Council had previously reviewed the techniques for emergency treatment of foreign-body airway obstruction<sup>1</sup>and had concluded that a combination of back blows and abdominal thrusts is more effective than either one alone in the first-aid management of an obstructed airway. In coming to this conclusion, the Council had noted that there was no evidence based on experiments or case reports that was adequate to settle the controversy centered on the relative efficacy and safety of back blows vs subdiaphragmatic abdominal thrusts. In July 1985, the National Conference on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and
A Decrease of CD3+CD8+ T-cells is Significantly Associated with Atopy, Wheezing and Increased IgE Levels in Young Children
Authors: G. de Vos, J. Milush, J. Aaron, Y. Pichardo, R. Nazari, M. Chin, D. Serebrisky, D. Rosenstreich, D. Nixon, A. Wiznia
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Ventricular function and Na+,K+-ATPase activity and distribution with chronic supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: F. G Spinale, A. P Pearce, B. A Schulte, F. A Crawford
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Ventricular function and Na+,K+-ATPase activity and distribution with chronic supraventricular tachycardia Get access Francis G Spinale, Francis G Spinale Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Andrew P Pearce, Andrew P Pearce Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bradley A Schulte, Bradley A Schulte Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fred A Crawford Fred A Crawford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 2, February 1991, Pages 138–144, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.2.138 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 21 May 1990 Accepted: 04 October 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Single Delivery of an Adeno-Associated Viral Construct to Transfer the <i>CASQ2</i> Gene to Knock-In Mice Affected by Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Is Able to Cure the Disease From Birth to Advanced Age
Authors: Marco Denegri, Rossana Bongianino, Francesco Lodola, Simona Boncompagni, Verónica C. De Giusti, José E. Avelino-Cruz, Nian Liu, Simone Persampieri, Antonio Curcio, Francesca Esposito, Laura Pietrangelo, Isabelle Marty, Laura Villani, Alejandro Moyaho, Paola Baiardi, Alberto Auricchio, Feliciano Protasi, Carlo Napolitano, Silvia G. Priori
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by sudden cardiac death in children. Drug therapy is still insufficient to provide full protection against cardiac arrest, and the use of implantable defibrillators in the pediatric population is limited by side effects. There is therefore a need to explore the curative potential of gene therapy for this disease. We investigated the efficacy and durability of viral gene transfer of the calsequestrin 2 ( CASQ2 ) wild-type gene in a catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia knock-in mouse model carrying the CASQ2 R33Q/R33Q (R33Q) mutation. Methods and Results— We engineered an adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 (AAV9) containing cDNA of CASQ2 wild-type (AAV9- CASQ2 ) plus the green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) gene to infect newborn R33Q mice studied by in vivo and in vitro protocols at 6, 9, and 12 months to investigate the ability of the infection to prevent the disease and adult R33Q mice studied after 2 months to assess whether the AAV9- CASQ2 delivery could revert the catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia phenotype. In both protocols, we observed the restoration of physiological expression and interaction of CASQ2, junctin, and triadin; the rescue of electrophysiological and ultrastructural abnormalities in calcium release units present in R33Q mice; and the lack of life-threatening arrhythmias. Conclusions— Our data demonstrate that viral gene transfer of wild-type CASQ2 into the heart of R33Q mice prevents and reverts severe manifestations of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and that this curative effect lasts for 1 year after a single injection of the vector, thus posing the rationale for the design of a clinical trial.
Mast cell population density, blood vessel density and histamine content in normal human skin
Authors: R.A.J. EADY, T. COWEN, T.F. MARSHALL, VALERIE PLUMMER, M.W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Mast cell population density was determined in normal skin from two regions of the arm of several healthy men and compared with blood vessel density and histamine concentration in the same sites. Mast cell and hlood vessel counts were made in 1–1.5 μm thick plastic sections, by light microscopy and tissue-histamine concentrations were determined by automated fluorimetric analysis. Statistically significant correlations were found between mast cell counts, blood vessel counts and histamine content in skin from the upper arm but no similar correlations were obtained in the forearm. Anatomical differences between the two sites may have been the cause of this discrepancy. Wide variations in mast cell counts and blood vessel density were found in different sections from the same biopsy samples which confirms the notion that dermal mast cells are imevenly distributed. Analysis of variance of the mast cell counts showed that the variance between sections from different blocks from the same biopsy samples was greater than the variance between adjacent biopsies. There was also a marked variation in the histamine content between biopsy samples from sites only 2 cm apart in the same subject.
Rare Complete Knockouts in Humans: Population Distribution and Significant Role in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Elaine T. Lim, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Stephan J. Sanders, Christine Stevens, Aniko Sabo, Daniel G. MacArthur, Benjamin M. Neale, Andrew Kirby, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Menachem Fromer, Monkol Lek, Li Liu, Jason Flannick, Stephan Ripke, Uma Nagaswamy, Donna Muzny, Jeffrey G. Reid, Alicia Hawes, Irene Newsham, Yuanqing Wu, Lora Lewis, Huyen Dinh, Shannon Gross, Li-San Wang, Chiao-Feng Lin, Otto Valladares, Stacey B. Gabriel, Mark dePristo, David M. Altshuler, Shaun M. Purcell, Matthew W. State, Eric Boerwinkle, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Edwin H. Cook, Richard A. Gibbs, Gerard D. Schellenberg, James S. Sutcliffe, Bernie Devlin, Kathryn Roeder, Mark J. Daly
Journal: Neuron (2013)
Nocturnal Oxygen Desaturation in Sickle Cell Anemia-Reply
Authors: Jeffrey S. Lobel
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We agree with Dr Walsh et al that the relationship between sleep-related oxygen desaturation and sickle cell disease warrants further study. Our findings do not presume that the nocturnal desaturation is necessarily a primary abnormality of sickle cell disease but rather that it is related to some degree of secondary chronic pulmonary dysfunction, which commonly occurs in these patients. In either case, however, we maintain that sleep-related desaturation may increase the vulnerability of such patients by initiating further sickling and vaso-occlusion. It is true that the enlarged tonsils in patient 1 might lead one to propose that the desaturation was caused by an insidious obstructive apnea. However, we did restudy patient 1 after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy using a transcutaneous partial oxygen pressure monitor. We also found that Po<sub>2</sub>levels fell during sleep from a baseline of 67 mm Hg to a level of 30 to 40 mm
Diagnosis and Treatment of a Carcinoid Tumor Using lodine-131 Meta-iodobenzylguanidine
Authors: C A HOEFNAGEL, DEN HARTOG JAGER, A H VAN GENNIP, H R MARCUSE, B G TAAL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Scintigraphy using I-131 meta-iodobenzylguanidine has been introduced as an effective method to detect pheochromocytomas and neuroblastomas, and the radiopharmaceutical also is applied in therapy of these tumors. The authors present a case of a metastatic gastric carcinoid tumor, another neural crest tumor, concentrating I-131 MIBG, which was documented by conventional scintigraphy and SPECT in correlation with CT scans and colloid scintigrams of the liver. Two therapeutic attempts in this patient, using I-131 MIBG, are described. The metabolic basis of this phenomenon is discussed, and the importance of I-131 MIBG imaging in the detection of neural crest tumors is underlined.