tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SLE Latex Test Kit
Authors: Frederick Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  Dubois and Strain (225:637, 1973) have presented interesting and useful data on the high selectivity of the Lederle Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) latex test kit (no false-positives). Their data further suggest a sensitivity of only 19% (21 out of 121 positive tests in patients with SLE). Since the preliminary criteria for the classification of SLE 1 and most other published reports 2,3 indicate lupus erythematosus (LE) cell test positivity of greater than 70% in SLE and Dubois and Strain report only 38.8% (rotary LE cell test), one must inquire whether similar populations are being measured. Do the patients described meet the preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus? What is the sensitivity and selectivity of the Lederle test in patient groups with high incidence of positive LE cell tests? Until these questions are answered, the data of Dubois and Strain should not be accepted without
HLA antigens and atopy in children with coeliac disease.
Authors: M Verkasalo, A Tiilikainen, P Kuitunen, E Savilahti, A Backman
Journal: Gut (1983)

HLA antigens and various aspects of atopy were studied in 42 Finnish children and adolescents with coeliac disease, and the results were compared with findings of recent population studies. The HLA associations were as expected: relative risks for coeliac disease in individuals with HLA-B8, DR3, and DR7 were 8 . 0, 18 . 6, and 15 . 0, respectively. Children with coeliac disease were significantly more often atopic than unselected schoolchildren. Atopy was significantly more frequent and the onset of coeliac disease later for B8/DR3- patients than B8/DR3+ patients. There was no obvious relation between DR7 and atopy. It is concluded that atopy predisposes to coeliac disease partly independently of the HLA-DR3 associated disease susceptibility gene(s), and that different mechanisms may operate in the pathogenesis in coeliac disease patients with and without atopy.
MYXEDEMA OF THE LARYNX
Authors: E. M. Josephson
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The characteristic voice of myxedema, which the clinician has for a long time recognized as a feature of the clinical picture of that disease, has aroused but little interest on the part of the laryngologist. It may be because the laryngologic phase of the disease ordinarily does not predominate the clinical picture, and because the disease is usually recognized in its early stages and is promptly and successfully treated, that there is no exhaustive study of it from the point of view of the laryngologist. I am at present engaged in such a study, and would welcome any aid physicians might offer. Pathologic material—myxedematous and cretinous larynges—is especially sought for, but has not been obtained in sufficient volume. The case here presented is of sufficient interest to warrant publication. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —A woman, aged 42, presented herself in February, 1923, with the chief complaint of orthopnea and a
Generation of reactive species and fate of thiols during peroxidase-catalyzed metabolic activation of aromatic amines and phenols.
Authors: D Ross, P Moldeus
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed oxidation of p-phenetidine and acetaminophen was investigated. Studies using the spin probe 2-ethyl-1-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazolidine (OXANOH) suggested these oxidations involve the generation of substrate-derived free radicals. This was confirmed by using glutathione (GSH) in these incubations in the presence of the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO). DMPO-glutathionyl radical adducts were observed using EPR spectroscopy during HRP-catalyzed oxidation of both p-phenetidine and acetaminophen. Investigations of oxygen uptake and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) formation during HRP-catalyzed oxidations of p-phenetidine and acetaminophen suggested that further reactions of the glutathionyl radical involve glutathione peroxysulfenyl radical and glutathione sulfenyl hydroperoxide production. Quinonoid products of the peroxidatic oxidations of p-phenetidine and acetaminophen, and their interaction with GSH via both conjugation and redox mechanisms are described. The relevance of these reactions of GSH with reactive species as detoxification mechanisms is discussed.
Increased Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women With Diagnosed Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Joan C. Lo, Seth L. Feigenbaum, Gabriel J. Escobar, Jingrong Yang, Yvonne M. Crites, Assiamira Ferrara
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as carbohydrate intolerance at onset of pregnancy (or first recognition), affects ∼4–7% of pregnancies overall (1–6). Common risk factors include nonwhite race/ethnicity, older age, obesity, and prior GDM (3–7). Other conditions predisposing to glucose intolerance might also increase the risk of GDM.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive condition characterized by chronic anovulation, insulin resistance, and androgen excess (8–10). Affected women have an increased risk of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes (11–14). Some, but not all, studies suggest the risk of GDM is higher among PCOS versus non-PCOS women (15–18), and several studies note an increased prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology and symptoms in women with prior GDM (19–21). This study examines the prevalence and association of PCOS and GDM among a large multiethnic population of pregnant women in northern California.

Kaiser Permanente of Northern California (KPNC) is a large integrated health care delivery system providing comprehensive medical care for >3,000,000 members in northern California. There are 14 delivery hospitals with >30,000 births/year. Comprehensive health plan databases of all hospitalizations, ambulatory visits, and laboratory tests are available and linked by unique patient identifiers (22). This study was approved by the KPNC Institutional Review Board.

As previously described (1), we used hospitalization databases to identify third trimester pregnancies between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2004 …
THE DIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS FOR THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER
Authors: LAWRASON BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1928)

In this paper I discuss eleven theses, which may be stated thus: 1. Pulmonary tuberculosis is still by far the most frequent chronic pulmonary disease, if not the most frequent of all pulmonary diseases. 2. It is no less important to bear pulmonary tuberculosis in mind than it is to have the possibility of syphilis always before one. 3. Familiarity with the patient is often misleading. 4. Intimate exposure, whether at home or elsewhere, especially in infancy, childhood and young adult life, demands careful consideration. 5. In diagnosis, the localizing symptoms far outweigh the general or constitutional symptoms. 6. The two symptoms most important in diagnosis are hemoptysis and pleurisy with effusion—when neither is attributable to any other cause. 7. The occurrence of fine or moderately coarse persistent râles above the third rib and third vertebral spine is the most characteristic sign noted at physical examination. 8. Characteristic fine or
Studies on the Mechanism of Ventricular Activity
Authors: JEAN LOUIS BORDUAS, LOUIS RAKITA, REXFORD KENNAMER, MYRON PRINZMETAL
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Seven clinical cases with electrocardiographic patterns of constant or variable short P-R interval are reported. The QRS complex was either normal or aberrant. These abnormalities were reproduced experimentally in dogs by the injection of various drugs into the region of the A-V node. The theories advanced to explain these phenomena are discussed. The results indicate that accelerated A-V nodal conduction is responsible for the short P-R interval. The form of the ventricular complex may be dependent upon synchronous or asynchronous activity of the A-V node. A classification of A-V nodal dysfunction is presented.
Physicians and Joint Negotiations
Authors: Allan R. Glass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Letters7 May 2002Physicians and Joint NegotiationsAllan R. Glass, MDAllan R. Glass, MDBethesda, MD 20814-3022Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-9-200205070-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine (ACP–ASIM) position paper on physicians and joint negotiations (1) is thoughtful and intriguing but fails to deal explicitly with some of the most critical aspects of this issue. For example, in discussing the possibility of strikes by physicians, the position paper states “… withholding needed medical services from an individual patient for the greater good of future patients is never justified.” This statement reflects an ideal that many of us have clung to, but perhaps it needs to be modified in a world of limited resources for medical ...Reference1. . Physicians joint negotiations. American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134 9 Pt 1 Pt 1 787-92. [PMID: 11329239] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Allan R. Glass, MDAffiliations: Bethesda, MD 20814-3022 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysicians and Joint NegotiationsAmerican College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine*Physicians and Joint NegotiationsAmerican College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine*Physicians and Joint Negotiations Gary H. Oberlender Physicians and Joint Negotiations Johnathon S. Ross Physicians and Joint Negotiations Jack Ginsburg Metrics 7 May 2002Volume 136, Issue 9Page: 709-710KeywordsForecastingHealth maintenance organizationsMedical ethicsMedical services ePublished: 7 May 2002 Issue Published: 7 May 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Cost of Medicine
Authors: Barry Kisloff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 April 2004The Cost of MedicineBarry Kisloff, MDBarry Kisloff, MDFrom University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:On rare occasions, an article will go to the nidus of a problem without even directly addressing it in a formal fashion. “The Cost of Medicine” (1), by Shyam K. Bhat, is a perfect example. In a very personal and reflective manner, Dr. Bhat laid bare the ludicrous nature of medical care in the United States today. Driven by appropriate fear of litigation, physicians are coerced into spending vast sums of money pursuing diagnoses and treatments for the old-elderly, which add little to their longevity or quality of life but detract immeasurably from the resources that could ...Reference1. Bhat SK. The cost of medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:74-5. [PMID: 12834323] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2582. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Cost of Medicine Shyam K. Bhat Metrics 6 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 7Page: 585KeywordsConsciousnessFearMedicareQuality of life ePublished: 6 April 2004 Issue Published: 6 April 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY CASE SERIES &amp;ndash; A POTENTIAL ROLE OF BETA BLOCKERS?
Authors: Marwan Badri, Muhammad Iqbal, Ankush Lahoti, Wajeeha Saeed, Khaja Mohammed, Eric Gnall, Ronald Zolty, Rizwan Sardar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Randomized, Multicenter, Phase II Trial of Two Multicomponent Regimens in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Randall Millikan, Peter F. Thall, Sang-Joon Lee, Donnah Jones, M.W. Cannon, J. Phillip Kuebler, James Wade, Christopher J. Logothetis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: Several multicomponent regimens have been reported to be useful in advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer. We used a randomized phase II design to evaluate and compare two such regimens. Patients were accrued primarily in the community setting. Patients and Methods: Patients with progressive, androgen-independent prostate cancer were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: either ketoconazole/doxorubicin alternating with vinblastine/estramustine (KA/VE) or paclitaxel, estramustine, and oral etoposide (TEE). Patients were prospectively stratified on the basis of disease volume. The primary end points were response and overall survival time. Results: A total of 75 patients were registered; 71 are included in the analysis. By the criterion of an 80% prostate-specific antigen reduction maintained for at least 8 weeks, 11 (30%) of 37 patients in the TEE arm responded, whereas 11 (32%) of 34 assigned to KA/VE responded. Median survival was 16.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.5 to 21.2 months) in the TEE arm and 23.4 months (95% CI, 12.9 to 30.6 months) for patients treated with KA/VE. Many patients (24%) failed to complete at least 6 weeks of therapy, including five (8%) treatment-related early deaths. Conclusion: Each of these regimens produced clinically significant responses, and the observed median survival (18.9 months for all 71 patients) compares favorably with previously published results, especially in the community setting. Nonetheless, it is apparent that these first-generation regimens must be applied judiciously, and thus we view efforts at better patient selection and the development of more tolerable therapies as higher priorities than carrying either of these regimens to phase III evaluation in the cooperative group setting.
Sleep-disordered Breathing and Cancer Mortality
Authors: F. Javier Nieto, Paul E. Peppard, Terry Young, Laurel Finn, Khin Mae Hla, Ramon Farré
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been associated with total and cardiovascular mortality, but an association with cancer mortality has not been studied. Results from in vitro and animal studies suggest that intermittent hypoxia promotes cancer tumor growth.The goal of the present study was to examine whether SDB is associated with cancer mortality in a community-based sample.We used 22-year mortality follow-up data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort sample (n = 1,522). SDB was assessed at baseline with full polysomnography. SDB was categorized using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the hypoxemia index (percent sleep time below 90% oxyhemoglobin saturation). The hazards of cancer mortality across levels of SDB severity were compared using crude and multivariate analyses.Adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and smoking, SDB was associated with total and cancer mortality in a dose-response fashion. Compared with normal subjects, the adjusted relative hazards of cancer mortality were 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5-2.7) for mild SDB (AHI, 5-14.9), 2.0 (95% CI, 0.7-5.5) for moderate SDB (AHI, 15-29.9), and 4.8 (95% CI, 1.7-13.2) for severe SDB (AHI ≥ 30) (P-trend = 0.0052). For categories of increasing severity of the hypoxemia index, the corresponding relative hazards were 1.6 (95% CI, 0.6-4.4), 2.9 (95% CI, 0.9-9.8), and 8.6 (95% CI, 2.6-28.7).Our study suggests that baseline SDB is associated with increased cancer mortality in a community-based sample. Future studies that replicate our findings and look at the association between sleep apnea and survival after cancer diagnosis are needed.
Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Authors: George E. Cartwright, Corwin Q. Edwards, Kerry Kravitz, Mark Skolnick, D. Bernard Amos, Armead Johnson, Lisbeth Buskjaer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Previous studies have shown that hemochromatosis is an inherited, autosomal-recessive disease and that the gene is closely linked to the HLA locus on chromosome 6. We obtained a lod score for linkage of +9.8 for a recombination fraction of 0.0 and a gene frequency of 0.056, the frequency estimated in this population. We studied the phenotypic expression of the disease in 261 members of 10 pedigrees. In heterozygotes over 20 years of age, there was an intermediate increase in transferrin saturation and a limited increase in hepatic iron but no clinical manifestations. In male heterozygotes, the average amount of iron in the liver increased from about 0.2 to 1.3 g. Abnormal homozygotes accumulated iron progressively with time, with men accumulating about 18 g in the liver. All measurements of iron status were increased in abnormal homozygotes. Hemochromatosis is inherited as an autosomal-recessive disease, with partial biochemical expression in heterozygotes.
Assessment of a New Visual Blood Glucose Strip
Authors: Adrian J L Clark, Rosemarie D Cudd, Colette Newey, Deirdre Brooke, Ronald G Newall, Harry Keen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

A new double-tipped strip for home glucose monitoring without a meter is described. Comparison between values obtained with the new method by trained nursing staff and those obtained with a glucose-oxidase analyzer demonstrates close correlation between the two methods (r = +0.95, a = +22.2 mg/dl, b = +1.14). The mean concentration in 117 strip tests over an analyzer range of 5–775 mg/dl (0.3–43.0 mmol/L) was 52 mg/dl (2.9 mmol/L) greater than the analyzer estimate. Forty-seven percent of samples were read as the color block closest to the analyzer estimate. Samples in the lower glucose range tended to read one block high. The technique is faster to perform than most other visual blood glucose strip methods, and is a useful addition to the equipment available for home glucose monitoring. Modifications to the strip by the manufacturers appear to have overcome the low value over-reading error.
Genetically determined lack of CD45R- T cells in healthy individuals. Evidence for a regulatory polymorphism of CD45R antigen expression.
Authors: R Schwinzer, K Wonigeit
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

A genetic polymorphism of CD45R expression was identified resulting in a lack of CD45R- lymphocytes in approximately 8% of healthy individuals. Family studies revealed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance of the variant CD45R expression pattern. PBMC from donors possessing the variant type did not lose the CD45R antigen after in vitro activation, whereas a decrease of CD45R molecules was readily detected in individuals with the normal pattern. The expression of CD45RO antigens, as well as memory cell function, did not differ between both groups. These data show that activation and in vivo priming of T cells is not necessarily associated with a loss of CD45R antigen expression.
Expression of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor isoforms in rat cirrhosis
Authors: Jean-François Dufour, Michael Lüthi, Marc Forestier, Fabrice Magnino
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Ca 2+ signals mediate the hepatic effects of numerous hormones and growth factors. Hepatic Ca 2+ signals are elicited by the inositol trisphosphate receptor, an intracellular Ca 2+ channel. Three isoforms of this receptor have been identified; they are expressed and regulated differently. We investigated the effect of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis on the hepatic expression of the inositol trisphosphate receptor isoforms. Two different rat models were used: bile duct ligation (fibrosis) and chronic exposure to CCl 4 /phenobarbital (cirrhosis). Messenger RNA levels were determined by ribonuclease protection assay (RPA), competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Southern blotting, and real-time quantitative PCR. Protein expression was assessed by Western blotting; tissue distribution was assessed by immunohistology. In control animals, isoform 2 was the predominant isoform, isoform 1 represented less than one third, and isoform 3 less than 1%. After bile duct ligation, expression of types 1 and 3 increased 1.9- and 5.7-fold, and expression of type 2 decreased 2.5-fold at the protein level. After exposure to CCl 4 /phenobarbital, expression of types 1, 2, and 3 were 2.4-, 0.9-, and 4.2-fold their expression in control animals. Type 2 was localized to the apical domain of hepatocytes, consistent with a role for Ca 2+ signals in canalicular function. Type 3 was detectable in intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells and not in hepatocytes, suggesting that Ca 2+ signals may be regulated differently in these cells. Signaling through inositol trisphosphate receptor participates in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis, because this process affects the expression of its isoforms.
An immunohistochemical study of abnormal keratinocyte differentiation in molluscum contagiosum
Authors: None Takahashi, None Izutani, None Tezuka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

To investigate abnormalities in the keratinization process in lesional epidermis of molluscum contagiosum, production of filaggrin, loricrin, Ted‐H‐1 antigen, involucrin, cystatin A and CD95 ligand (CD95L) was investigated using specific antibodies. Anti‐filaggrin monoclonal antibody (MoAb) did not react with keratohyalin granules (KHG), but with the substance around virus particles in the stratum corneum. KHG reacted with anti‐loricrin polyclonal antibody (PoAb) and anti‐Ted‐H‐1 MoAb. Anti‐involucrin PoAb and anti‐cystatin A PoAb reacted with materials in the cytoplasm of the middle stratum spinosum to the stratum granulosum. CD95L was expressed in the cell membrane region of the living cell layers in lesional epidermis. These observations suggest that the keratinization process may be altered in molluscum contagiosum.
SOME ACUTE DISEASES OF THE EAR; THEIR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT.
Authors: PHILIP HAMMOND
Journal: JAMA (1902)

It is my purpose in presenting this paper to call to your attention some of the more common conditions which confront us when we have occasion to examine the ear. The two most frequent symptoms which drive the ordinary person to seek medical attention for this organ are pain and deafness, and to treat either successfully we must remember that we have to deal with symptoms and not diseases. Take the pain, for instance, and we find that it may come from an abscess of the middle ear, from an ulcerated tooth, from a furuncle in the canal, or perhaps tonsillitis or rheumatism, or some other general disturbance is at the bottom of it. We learn to recognize that deafness, too, is but a symptom, and that it may come from one of many causes. In examining a case of earache, we thoroughly inspect the drum, noting in the first