tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depression Among Surviving Caregivers: Does Length of Hospice Enrollment Matter?
Authors: Elizabeth H. Bradley, Holly Prigerson, Melissa D.A. Carlson, Emily Cherlin, R. Johnson-Hurzeler, Stanislav V. Kasl
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

Many terminally ill patients enroll in a hospice late in their illness, and recent data indicate decreasing lengths of hospice enrollment, yet we know little about the impact of hospice enrollment length on surviving caregivers. This is the first study the authors know of that examines the association between hospice enrollment length and subsequent major depressive disorder among surviving caregivers.The authors conducted a prospective cohort study with 174 primary family caregivers of consecutively enrolled hospice patients with cancer between October 1999 and September 2001. Using data from in-person interviews at the time of enrollment and 6-8 months after the patient's death, they estimated with logistic regression the adjusted risk of major depressive disorder with the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV axis I modules based on the number of days of hospice care before death.Caregivers of patients enrolled with hospice for 3 or fewer days were significantly more likely to have major depressive disorder at the follow-up interview than caregivers of those with longer hospice enrollment (24.1% versus 9.0%, respectively), adjusted for baseline major depressive disorder and other potential confounders.The findings identify a target group for whom bereavement services might be most needed. The authors also suggest that earlier hospice enrollment may help reduce the risk of major depressive disorder during the first 6-8 months of bereavement, which raises concerns about recent trends toward decreasing lengths of hospice enrollment before death.
IgE‐mediated allergy to corn: a 50 kDa protein, belonging to the Reduced Soluble Proteins, is a major allergen
Authors: G. Pasini, B. Simonato, A. Curioni, S. Vincenzi, A. Cristaudo, B. Santucci, A. Dal Belin Peruffo, M. Giannattasio
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Although corn is often cited as an allergenic food, very few studies have been devoted to the identification of corn allergens and corn allergy has been rarely confirmed by double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Recently, Pastorello et al. (1) identified some salt‐soluble IgE‐binding proteins of corn flour as potential allergens. One of these, corresponding to corn Lipid Transfer Protein (LTP), appeared to be the major one. The aim of this study was to verify the clinical significance of the skin prick test (SPT) and CAP‐FEIA CAP‐System IgE fluozoenzyme immunosorbent assay (Pharmacia Diagnostic, Uppsala, Sweden) positivities to corn and to identify the presence of IgE‐binding proteins in the corn flour salt‐insoluble protein fractions (comprising up to 96% of the total protein) using sera of patients with DBPCFC‐documented food allergy to corn. In addition the effect of cooking and proteolytic digestion on the corn allergens was investigated. Methods: Sixteen subjects with SPT and CAP‐FEIA positivities to corn flour were examined. Only six of them complained of suffering from urticaria and/or other symptoms after ingestion of corn‐based foods. The patients were food challenged with cooked corn flour (polenta). IgE‐binding proteins were detected by immunoblotting. The digestibility of the IgE‐binding proteins was examined during a pepsin attack followed by a pancreatin digestion performed on a cooked corn flour sample. Results: Oral challenge was positive only for six patients with symptoms after ingestion of corn. A 50 kDa protein, belonging to the corn Reduced Soluble Protein (RSP) fraction was recognized by the serum IgE of all the DBPCFC‐positive subjects and resulted to be resistant to both heating and peptic/pancreatic digestion. SPT with the purified RSP fraction gave positive results for all of the DBPCFC‐positive patients examined. Conclusions: SPT and CAP‐FEIA positivities to corn flour had no clinical significance for most of the patients and food allergy to corn has to be proved by DBPCFC. A salt‐unextractable protein of 50 kDa, belonging to the RSP fraction, represents a potential allergen in food hypersensitivity to corn because of its stability to cooking and digestion.
CaM kinase II selectively signals to histone deacetylase 4 during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
Authors: Johannes Backs, Kunhua Song, Svetlana Bezprozvannaya, Shurong Chang, Eric N. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cardiac growth, bone development, and specification of skeletal muscle fiber type. Multiple serine/threonine kinases control the subcellular localization of these HDACs by phosphorylation of common serine residues, but whether certain class IIa HDACs respond selectively to specific kinases has not been determined. Here we show that calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) signals specifically to HDAC4 by binding to a unique docking site that is absent in other class IIa HDACs. Phosphorylation of HDAC4 by CaMKII promotes nuclear export and prevents nuclear import of HDAC4, with consequent derepression of HDAC target genes. In cardiomyocytes, CaMKII phosphorylation of HDAC4 results in hypertrophic growth, which can be blocked by a signal-resistant HDAC4 mutant. These findings reveal a central role for HDAC4 in CaMKII signaling pathways and have implications for the control of gene expression by calcium signaling in a variety of cell types.
Human intestinal mucosal mast cells: expanded population in untreated coeliac disease.
Authors: S Strobel, A Busuttil, A Ferguson
Journal: Gut (1983)

Previous retrospective studies of intestinal mucosal mast cells in coeliac disease have given divergent results, and we have recently reported that inappropriate methodology could account for these discrepancies. In this prospective study, mucosal mast cell counts were performed in Carnoy fixed, peroral jejunal biopsy specimens from patients with coeliac disease, both untreated and treated with a gluten-free diet; and from controls (mainly irritable bowel syndrome). Mean mucosal mast cell count in 27 control subjects was 146/mm2, SD 29. Significantly higher values were obtained in untreated coeliac disease (mean 243, SD 41, p less than 0.001) returning to the normal range in coeliacs treated with a gluten-free diet with normal jejunal biopsy morphology. In seven patients mucosal mast cell counts were performed in multiple jejunal biopsies, and these showed that mucosal mast cell distribution was not patchy. There was no evidence of degranulation of intestinal mucosal mast cells under the conditions of routine biopsy (overnight fast). An increase in mucosal mast cells in untreated coeliac disease may be one explanation for the high number of IgE positive stained cells in the intestinal mucosa that has been reported by some authors.
Release of early human hematopoietic progenitors from quiescence by antisense transforming growth factor beta 1 or Rb oligonucleotides.
Authors: J Hatzfeld, M L Li, E L Brown, H Sookdeo, J P Levesque, T O'Toole, C Gurney, S C Clark, A Hatzfeld
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

We have used antisense oligonucleotides to study the roles of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and the two antioncogenes, retinoblastoma susceptibility (Rb) and p53, in the negative regulation of proliferation of early hematopoietic cells in culture. The antisense TGF-beta sequence significantly enhanced the frequency of colony formation by multi-lineage, early erythroid, and granulomonocytic progenitors, but did not affect colony formation by late progenitors. Single cell culture and limiting dilution analysis indicated that autocrine TGF-beta is produced by a subpopulation of early progenitors. Antisense Rb but not antisense p53 yielded similar results in releasing multipotential progenitors (colony-forming unit-granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte) from quiescence. Rb antisense could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of exogenous TGF-beta. Anti-TGF-beta blocking antibodies, antisense TGF-beta, or Rb oligonucleotides all had similar effects. No additive effects were observed when these reagents were combined, suggesting a common pathway of action. Our results are consistent with the model that autocrine production of TGF-beta negatively regulates the cycling status of early hematopoietic progenitors through interaction with the Rb gene product.
FGFR Genetic Alterations Predict for Sensitivity to NVP-BGJ398, a Selective Pan-FGFR Inhibitor
Authors: Vito Guagnano, Audrey Kauffmann, Simon Wöhrle, Christelle Stamm, Moriko Ito, Louise Barys, Astrid Pornon, Yao Yao, Fang Li, Yun Zhang, Zhi Chen, Christopher J. Wilson, Vincent Bordas, Mickaël Le Douget, L. Alex Gaither, Jason Borawski, John E. Monahan, Kavitha Venkatesan, Thomas Brümmendorf, David M. Thomas, Carlos Garcia-Echeverria, Francesco Hofmann, William R. Sellers, Diana Graus-Porta
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

Patient stratification biomarkers that enable the translation of cancer genetic knowledge into clinical use are essential for the successful and rapid development of emerging targeted anticancer therapeutics. Here, we describe the identification of patient stratification biomarkers for NVP-BGJ398, a novel and selective fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor. By intersecting genome-wide gene expression and genomic alteration data with cell line-sensitivity data across an annotated collection of cancer cell lines called the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, we show that genetic alterations for FGFR family members predict for sensitivity to NVP-BGJ398. For the first time, we report oncogenic FGFR1 amplification in osteosarcoma as a potential patient selection biomarker. Furthermore, we show that cancer cell lines harboring FGF19 copy number gain at the 11q13 amplicon are sensitive to NVP-BGJ398 only when concomitant expression of β-klotho occurs. Thus, our findings provide the rationale for the clinical development of FGFR inhibitors in selected patients with cancer harboring tumors with the identified predictors of sensitivity.The success of a personalized medicine approach using targeted therapies ultimately depends on being able to identify the patients who will benefit the most from any given drug. To this end, we have integrated the molecular profiles for more than 500 cancer cell lines with sensitivity data for the novel anticancer drug NVP-BGJ398 and showed that FGFR genetic alterations are the most significant predictors for sensitivity. This work has ultimately endorsed the incorporation of specific patient selection biomakers in the clinical trials for NVP-BGJ398.
Pyrimidine Nucleoside Requirements of a Neoplastic C3H Mouse Cell Strain
Authors: Floyd M. Price, Jean Rotherham, Virginia J. Evans
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Investigation of certain nutritional requirements of neoplastic cells of a C3H mouse strain, when cultured in chemically defined medium, showed that thymidine, deoxycytidine, or 5-methyldeoxycytidine would support their growth as continuously growing long-term cultures. None of these nucleosides would substitute for vitamin 812. With vitamin 812 present, cytidine, uridine, deoxyuridine, or orotic acid did not support growth but were not toxic at 0.04 mM/liter. The find1ngs suggest that these cells are able to convert deoxycytidine, but not cytidine or uridine, to thymidylate.
Transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for the mediastinal staging of extrathoracic tumors: a new perspective
Authors: R. Peric, O.C.J. Schuurbiers, M. Veseliç, K.F. Rabe, H.F.M. van der Heijden, J.T. Annema
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
MUTATION OF THE BACILLUS OF RABBIT SEPTICEMIA
Authors: Paul H. De Kruif
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

Type G microbes, discovered in pure cultures of the rabbit septicemia bacillus, have been demonstrated to arise from the parent D form by mutation. The D → G mutation takes place in broth cultures of pure-line strains of Microbe D, when these are kept for several days without transplant at 37°C., or at room temperature, or in the ice box. The mutation is greatly inhibited by filtrates from 6 and 24 hour cultures of Microbe D, and to some extent by filtrates from 48 hour cultures. The process of transformation takes place to a very slight extent or not at all in undiluted rabbit serum, but Type G colonies subcultured to this medium do not revert to the parent D form. The D → G change is strongly inhibited in cultures made in simple beef infusion, or in 5 per cent rabbit serum-beef infusion. Peptone would seem to be the constituent of plain broth which favors the process. In high concentrations of peptone, the mutation is rapid and may reach a degree of 90 per cent of the total organisms in 5 to 6 days. A distinct maximum of the relative number of Type G colonies as compared to the parent Type D is observable in plain broth and in some concentrations of peptone, when these are kept at 37°C. for some days without transplant. Subsequent tests show the concentration of Type G microbes to diminish. The change in acid agglutination optimum exhibited by the mutant G forms implies a distinct change in bacterial protoplasm and would seem to be one of the most fundamental mutations so far described.
The Role of Diabetes and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in U.K. White and African-Caribbean Populations
Authors: Therese Tillin, Nita G. Forouhi, Paul M. McKeigue, Nish Chaturvedi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Foreign-born African Americans have low coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates, whereas those born in the U.S. have elevated rates compared with the white population (1–3). In U.K. African-Caribbean men (mainly first-generation migrants) the rate is half that of the general population (4). As in the U.S., U.K. African Caribbeans are predisposed to hypertension, diabetes, and insulin resistance, while triglyceride levels are substantially lower than in Europeans (5–8). U.K. African-Caribbean men are also less centrally obese than European men. These latter factors may contribute to the relative protection from CHD in U.K. African Caribbeans. However, confirmatory data from U.K.-specific cohorts are required. Higher risk of stroke in U.K. African Caribbeans may not be explicable by elevated resting blood pressure, as we have previously found that resting systolic blood pressure is only 6 mmHg higher in African-Caribbean men compared with European men (9).

We describe CHD and stroke mortality rates in U.K. African Caribbeans and Europeans and investigate whether ethnic group differences can be explained by differences in diabetes or other conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Two West London population-based cohorts were recruited to identical protocols between 1988 and 1991; since then, they have been followed for mortality for an average of 15.8 years. Both studies were previously described in detail (5,10 …
FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN LESIONS PRODUCED BY MONOCHROMATOR ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION IN VARIOUS PHOTODERMATOSES
Authors: KATHERINE GRICE, T. J. RYAN, I. A. MAGNUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN LESIONS PRODUCED BY MONOCHROMATOR ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION IN VARIOUS PHOTODERMATOSES Get access KATHERINE GRICE, KATHERINE GRICE Institute of Dermatology, London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. J. RYAN, T. J. RYAN Institute of Dermatology, London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. A. MAGNUS I. A. MAGNUS Institute of Dermatology, London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 6, 1 December 1970, Pages 637–649, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15758.x Published: 01 December 1970 Article history Accepted: 06 July 1970 Published: 01 December 1970
Fluorescence overlay antigen mapping using laser scanning confocal microscopy differentiates linear IgA bullous dermatosis from epidermolysis bullosa acquisita mediated by IgA
Authors: K. Wozniak, T. Hashimoto, N. Ishii, H. Koga, M. Huczek, C. Kowalewski
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) mediated by IgA antibodies belong to the group of autoimmune subepidermal bullous diseases mediated by IgA autoantibodies. Early and correct diagnosis is crucial because the management and prognosis of the diseases are different. Objectives To determine whether fluorescence overlay antigen mapping using laser scanning confocal microscopy (FOAM‐LSCM) is helpful in the differentiation between these diseases. Methods FOAM‐LSCM and immunoblot studies were performed in 19 patients with disseminated tense blisters who presented with in vivo bound and circulating IgA antibasement membrane zone (BMZ) antibodies on immunofluorescence. Results Using FOAM‐LSCM, in vivo bound IgA above type IV collagen, which is characteristic for LABD, was seen in 14 of the 19 cases, whereas five of the 19 cases had IgA deposits below type IV collagen, typical for EBA. Immunoblot studies showed that IgA antibodies in 11 of the 14 patients with deposits above type IV collagen reacted with different epitopes on BP180, mainly with LAD‐1, which is a target antigen in LABD. Among the five patients with deposits below type IV collagen, one showed IgA antibodies to the 200‐kDa laminin γ‐1 and one had antibodies to the 290‐kDa type VII collagen, EBA antigen. Additionally, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant type VII collagen was positive in three of the five cases who presented with IgA deposits below type IV collagen on FOAM‐LSCM. Conclusions The results using FOAM‐LSCM were consistent with those obtained on immunoblotting. FOAM‐LSCM is useful in routine diagnostics in cases with undetectable circulating anti‐BMZ antibodies, and can differentiate LABD from IgA‐EBA, the former with in vivo bound IgA above type IV collagen and the latter with IgA deposits below type IV collagen.
The Urban Paramedic's Scope of Practice
Authors: J. Philip Smith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

PREHOSPITAL emergency services are being increasingly developed and implemented in the United States.<sup>1</sup>Prehospital resuscitation of ventricular fibrillation has been shown to be effective, and since Adgey's first report of successful prehospital cardioversion of ventricular fibrillation, a major attempt has been made to provide cardiac resuscitation to victims of prehospital cardiac arrest.<sup>1-3</sup> A new class of health care provider (the paramedic) has been created to perform emergency prehospital care. While no national standard exists that defines a paramedic or his scope of practice, generally a paramedic is trained and required to pass the Department of Transportation course for the emergency medical technician (EMT) paramedic.<sup>1</sup>This course reflects the criteria established for the EMT paramedic by the Task Force on Emergency Medical Technicians, National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council.<sup>1</sup>These criteria, which include advanced life-support training, are generally the basis on which each state has determined the
Performance of<sup>18</sup>F-FET versus<sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET for the diagnosis and grading of brain tumors: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vincent Dunet, Anastasia Pomoni, Andreas Hottinger, Marie Nicod-Lalonde, John O. Prior
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

For the past decade 18F-fluoro-ethyl-l-tyrosine (FET) and 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) have been used for the assessment of patients with brain tumor. However, direct comparison studies reported only limited numbers of patients. Our purpose was to compare the diagnostic performance of FET and FDG-PET. We examined studies published between January 1995 and January 2015 in the PubMed database. To be included the study should: (i) use FET and FDG-PET for the assessment of patients with isolated brain lesion and (ii) use histology as the gold standard. Analysis was performed on a per patient basis. Study quality was assessed with STARD and QUADAS criteria. Five studies (119 patients) were included. For the diagnosis of brain tumor, FET-PET demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.79–0.98) and pooled specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.37–0.99), with an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94–0.97), a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 8.1 (95% CI: 0.8–80.6), and a negative likelihood ratio (LR−) of 0.07 (95% CI: 0.02–0.30), while FDG-PET demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.27–0.50) and specificity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.31–0.99), with an area under the curve of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.36–0.44), an LR+ of 2.7 (95% CI: 0.3–27.8), and an LR– of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.47–1.11). Target-to-background ratios of either FDG or FET, however, allow distinction between low- and high-grade gliomas (P > .11). For brain tumor diagnosis, FET-PET performed much better than FDG and should be preferred when assessing a new isolated brain tumor. For glioma grading, however, both tracers showed similar performances.
A Phase 3 Trial of Bevacizumab in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Timothy J. Perren, Ann Marie Swart, Jacobus Pfisterer, Jonathan A. Ledermann, Eric Pujade-Lauraine, Gunnar Kristensen, Mark S. Carey, Philip Beale, Andrés Cervantes, Christian Kurzeder, Andreas du Bois, Jalid Sehouli, Rainer Kimmig, Anne Stähle, Fiona Collinson, Sharadah Essapen, Charlie Gourley, Alain Lortholary, Frédéric Selle, Mansoor R. Mirza, Arto Leminen, Marie Plante, Dan Stark, Wendi Qian, Mahesh K.B. Parmar, Amit M. Oza
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Angiogenesis plays a role in the biology of ovarian cancer. We examined the effect of bevacizumab, the vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, on survival in women with this disease.
Drivers who defy the law.
Authors: J S Mars
Journal: BMJ (1993)

lations born and living there.32The highest prevalence of asthma was found in the central coastal region, which is the most populated and industrialised part of the country.Here an effect of pollution is suspected, in agreement with the prevailing view that environmental factors may at least partially explain the rising pre- valence of asthma.In western Europe rapid variations in air pollution act as a trigger for asthma attacks, but the concentrations of air pollutants currently prevailing in western Europe do not induce a higher incidence of asthma. POTENTLAL BIASIn our study the prevalence of asthma among males could have been biased, firstly, by conscripts who wished to serve in field units not revealing their history of asthma and, secondly, by conscripts falsely claiming that they suffered from asthma in an attempt to avoid combat service.The second bias was ruled out by the second physical examination by a pulmonologist, which included lung function tests.