tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P232 Short-term outcomes in heart failure patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community
Authors: S. Ghosh, N. O. Kelly, J. Smith, J. Dexter, C. Carroll-Hawkins, W. Robertson
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Aims</h3> Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common co-morbidities. The combination presents diagnostic challenges and has been linked with worse prognosis in patients admitted to hospital. There is hardly any prognostic data in patients with both co-morbidities in the community. <h3>Methods and Results</h3> We evaluated 783 patients (27.2%) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction under the care of a regional nurse-led community HF team between June 2007 and June 2010. 101 patients (12.9%) also had a diagnosis of COPD. 94% of patients were on loop diuretics; 83% on ACE inhibitors, 74% on β-blockers; 10.6% were on bronchodilators and 42% on aldosterone antagonists. Mean age of the patients was 77.9±5.7 years; 43% were females and mean NYHA class was 2.3±0.6. Mean follow-up was 28.2±2.9 months. β-Blocker utilisation was markedly lower in patients receiving bronchodilators compared to those without (overall 21.7% vs 81%; p&lt;0.001). 24-month survival (Abstract P232 figure 1) was 93% in patients with HF alone and 89% in those with both co-morbidities (p=NS). The presence of COPD was associated with increased HF hospitalisations [HR 1.56 (1.4 to 2.1); p&lt;0.001] and major adverse cardiovascular events [HR 1.23 (1.03 to 1.75); p&lt;0.001]. <h3>Conclusions</h3> COPD is a common co-morbidity in ambulatory HF patients in the community and is a powerful predictor of worsening HF. It does not however appear to affect short-term mortality in ambulatory HF patients.
Mesoporous carbon as a carrier for celecoxib: The improved inhibition effect on MDA-MB-231 cells migration and invasion
Authors: Wenquan Zhu, Qinfu Zhao, Xin Zheng, Zhiwen Zhang, Tongying Jiang, Yaping Li, Siling Wang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014)

In the current study, mesoporous carbon (MC) with pore volume (1.53 cm3/g) and pore size (9.74 nm) was successfully prepared as a carrier for celecoxib (CEL). Celecoxib was loaded into the pore channels of MC using three different methods: solvent evaporation method, absorption method and physical mixing method. Solid-state characterization methods, such as SEM, TEM, BET, DSC and XRD were used to systematically investigate the process of the drug loading system. Dissolution tests were performed to examine the effects of MC on the release of CEL. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity, wound healing, migration and invasion experiments were carried out to measure the contribution of MC to the anti-tumor metastasis ability of celecoxib on MDA-MB-231 cells. The results showed that CEL could be kept in a non-crystalline state when they were incorporated into the MC using the solvent evaporation method or absorption method. The dissolution rate of CEL released from MCS (Mesoporous carbon – Celecoxib – Solvent evaporation method) and MCA (Mesoporous carbon – Celecoxib – Absorption evaporation method) was all significantly higher than that of pure CEL. The cumulative release for MCS within the 5 min was up to 51.86%. MCS enhanced the inhibitory effect of CEL on the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells.
EGFR, p16, HPV Titer, Bcl-xL and p53, Sex, and Smoking As Indicators of Response to Therapy and Survival in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Bhavna Kumar, Kitrina G. Cordell, Julia S. Lee, Francis P. Worden, Mark E. Prince, Huong H. Tran, Gregory T. Wolf, Susan G. Urba, Douglas B. Chepeha, Theodoros N. Teknos, Avraham Eisbruch, Christina I. Tsien, Jeremy M.G. Taylor, Nisha J. D’Silva, Kun Yang, David M. Kurnit, Joshua A. Bauer, Carol R. Bradford, Thomas E. Carey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Purpose To prospectively identify markers of response to therapy and outcome in an organ-sparing trial for advanced oropharyngeal cancer. Patients and Methods Pretreatment biopsies were examined for expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p16, Bcl-xL, and p53 as well as for p53 mutation. These markers were assessed for association with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), response to therapy, and survival. Patient variables included smoking history, sex, age, primary site, tumor stage, and nodal status. Results EGFR expression was inversely associated with response to induction chemotherapy (IC) (P = .01), chemotherapy/radiotherapy (CRT; P = .055), overall survival (OS; P = .001), and disease-specific survival (DSS; P = .002) and was directly associated with current smoking (P = .04), female sex (P = .053), and lower HPV titer (P = .03). HPV titer was significantly associated with p16 expression (P &lt; .0001); p16 was significantly associated with response to IC (P = .008), CRT (P = .009), OS (P = .001), and DSS (P = .003). As combined markers, lower HPV titer and high EGFR expression were associated with worse OS (ρ EGFR = 0.008; ρ HPV = 0.03) and DSS (ρ EGFR = 0.01; ρ HPV = 0.016). In 36 of 42 biopsies, p53 was wild-type, and only one HPV-positive tumor had mutant p53. The combination of low p53 and high Bcl-xL expression was associated with poor OS (P = .005) and DSS (P = .002). Conclusion Low EGFR and high p16 (or higher HPV titer) expression are markers of good response to organ-sparing therapy and outcome, whereas high EGFR expression, combined low p53/high Bcl-xL expression, female sex, and smoking are associated with a poor outcome. Smoking cessation and strategies to target EGFR and Bcl-xL are important adjuncts to the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer.
A genome triplication associated with early diversification of the core eudicots
Authors: Yuannian Jiao, Jim Leebens-Mack, Saravanaraj Ayyampalayam, John E Bowers, Michael R McKain, Joel McNeal, Megan Rolf, Daniel R Ruzicka, Eric Wafula, Norman J Wickett, Xiaolei Wu, Yong Zhang, Jun Wang, Yeting Zhang, Eric J Carpenter, Michael K Deyholos, Toni M Kutchan, Andre S Chanderbali, Pamela S Soltis, Dennis W Stevenson, Richard McCombie, J Chris Pires, Gane Ka-Shu Wong, Douglas E Soltis, Claude W dePamphilis
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

Abstract Background Although it is agreed that a major polyploidy event, gamma, occurred within the eudicots, the phylogenetic placement of the event remains unclear. Results To determine when this polyploidization occurred relative to speciation events in angiosperm history, we employed a phylogenomic approach to investigate the timing of gene set duplications located on syntenic gamma blocks. We populated 769 putative gene families with large sets of homologs obtained from public transcriptomes of basal angiosperms, magnoliids, asterids, and more than 91.8 gigabases of new next-generation transcriptome sequences of non-grass monocots and basal eudicots. The overwhelming majority (95%) of well-resolved gamma duplications was placed before the separation of rosids and asterids and after the split of monocots and eudicots, providing strong evidence that the gamma polyploidy event occurred early in eudicot evolution. Further, the majority of gene duplications was placed after the divergence of the Ranunculales and core eudicots, indicating that the gamma appears to be restricted to core eudicots. Molecular dating estimates indicate that the duplication events were intensely concentrated around 117 million years ago. Conclusions The rapid radiation of core eudicot lineages that gave rise to nearly 75% of angiosperm species appears to have occurred coincidentally or shortly following the gamma triplication event. Reconciliation of gene trees with a species phylogeny can elucidate the timing of major events in genome evolution, even when genome sequences are only available for a subset of species represented in the gene trees. Comprehensive transcriptome datasets are valuable complements to genome sequences for high-resolution phylogenomic analysis.
Zebu Cattle Are an Exclusive Legacy of the South Asia Neolithic
Authors: S. Chen, B.-Z. Lin, M. Baig, B. Mitra, R. J. Lopes, A. M. Santos, D. A. Magee, M. Azevedo, P. Tarroso, S. Sasazaki, S. Ostrowski, O. Mahgoub, T. K. Chaudhuri, Y.-p. Zhang, V. Costa, L. J. Royo, F. Goyache, G. Luikart, N. Boivin, D. Q. Fuller, H. Mannen, D. G. Bradley, A. Beja-Pereira
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Animal domestication was a major step forward in human prehistory, contributing to the emergence of more complex societies. At the time of the Neolithic transition, zebu cattle (Bos indicus) were probably the most abundant and important domestic livestock species in Southern Asia. Although archaeological evidence points toward the domestication of zebu cattle within the Indian subcontinent, the exact geographic origins and phylogenetic history of zebu cattle remains uncertain. Here, we report evidence from 844 zebu mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences surveyed from 19 Asiatic countries comprising 8 regional groups, which identify 2 distinct mitochondrial haplogroups, termed I1 and I2. The marked increase in nucleotide diversity (P < 0.001) for both the I1 and I2 haplogroups within the northern part of the Indian subcontinent is consistent with an origin for all domestic zebu in this area. For haplogroup I1, genetic diversity was highest within the Indus Valley among the three hypothesized domestication centers (Indus Valley, Ganges, and South India). These data support the Indus Valley as the most likely center of origin for the I1 haplogroup and a primary center of zebu domestication. However, for the I2 haplogroup, a complex pattern of diversity is detected, preventing the unambiguous pinpointing of the exact place of origin for this zebu maternal lineage. Our findings are discussed with respect to the archaeological record for zebu domestication within the Indian subcontinent.
Controlled Study of Mothers and Children in Hospital
Authors: D. J. Brain, I. Maclay
Journal: BMJ (1968)

In recent years increasing attention has been paid to the ?motional problems which sometimes occur when children are admitted to hospital. Numerous papers have been written on the subject and there seem to be three general conclusions. Firstly, all children under 3 years of age and most of those under 5 are emotionally disturbed by admission to hospital. This is shown not only by their behaviour in the ward but also by their adverse reactions when they return home (Jessner and Kaplan, 1948 ; Robertson, 1952 ; Jackson et al., 1952, 1953 ; Schaffer and Callender, 1959). Secondly, though improved hospital conditions, better play and educational facilities, and greater awareness on the part of hospital staff of the emotional needs of children can lessen trauma for older children, the younger ones cannot be consoled for the loss of their mother by these means (Prugh et al., 1953 ; Illingworth and Holt, 1955 ; Vaughan, 1957 ; Plank et al., 1959). Thirdly, those workers who have published reports on mother and child units have been impressed by the beneficial effects of these on the child (Spence, 1946, 1947, 1951 ; MacCarthy, 1957 ; Craig and McKay, 1958 ; MacCarthy et al, 1962 ; Riley et al., 1965). Though consistent agreement exists on these points, there has been a conspicuous lack of systematic study in this field. It was therefore decided to carry out a clinical trial in an effort to evaluate the claims which have been made for mother-and child units.
Early detection of BCR-ABL transcripts by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction predicts outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Eduardo Olavarria, Edward Kanfer, Richard Szydlo, Jaspal Kaeda, Katayoun Rezvani, Kate Cwynarski, Christopher Pocock, Francesco Dazzi, Charles Craddock, Jane F. Apperley, Nicholas C. P. Cross, John M. Goldman
Journal: Blood (2001)
The Use of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Early Renal Failure
Authors: W G Goodman, J W Coburn
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1992)

The Use of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Early Renal Failure, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/med/43/1/annurev.me.43.020192.001303-1.gif
Silica-stimulated monocytes release fibroblast proliferation factors identical to interleukin 1. A potential role for interleukin 1 in the pathogenesis of silicosis.
Authors: J A Schmidt, C N Oliver, J L Lepe-Zuniga, I Green, I Gery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Previous study strongly suggests that silicotic fibrosis is mediated by macrophages and their soluble mediators. The biochemical properties of the mediators involved in silicotic fibrosis, however, are as yet ill defined. The current study, therefore, determined whether human monocyte-macrophages treated with fibrogenic silica dust released factors capable of activating fibroblasts as measured by an increase in fibroblast proliferation. Silica, but not nonfibrogenic diamond dust, stimulated the release of fibroblast proliferation factors. Moreover, the level of fibroblast proliferation activity was comparable with the level of thymocyte proliferation (interleukin-1) activity in the same culture supernatants. The factors responsible for these seemingly diverse activities were found to behave identically when analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, isoelectrofocusing, ion exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic chromatography. Moreover, the response of these factors to four different proteases and heat (56 degrees C) was also identical, which shows that their comigration on various separation media could not be explained by noncovalent interaction between otherwise unrelated species. The data demonstrate that a monocyte-derived thymocyte proliferation factor having the molecular properties of interleukin 1 is capable of regulating fibroblast proliferation. In silicosis and other fibrotic diseases, the local release of interleukin 1 may contribute to abnormal connective tissue deposition by stimulating fibroblast proliferation, and thereby, amplifying other signals stimulating the synthesis of connective tissue components.
Post-yersinial arthritis in Cleveland, England.
Authors: J N Fordham, S Maitra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Four cases of post-yersinial reactive arthritis are described. All patients presented with an acute lower limb arthropathy with features of an associated enthesopathy. Two patients had restriction of axial skeletal movements. Systemic features were prominent in three, including weight loss and malaise. Mean age of onset was 34 years. Three patients gave a history of antecedent diarrhoea within the previous month. Three patients had raised titres to Y enterocolitica type 0:3 (ranging from 1 in 320 to 1 in 2560) and one had raised titres to Y pseudotuberculosis type 2 at 1 in 640. Two of the three patients with Y enterocolitica reactive arthritis ran a chronic course with low grade arthropathy of lower limbs and back stiffness. One patient developed radiological sacroiliitis at two years, and two patients had an increased sacroiliac index, though x rays of the sacroiliac joints were normal. The patient with Y pseudotuberculosis reactive arthritis had a self limiting disease with spontaneous resolution over six months.
The Pattern Recognition Receptor (RAGE) Is a Counterreceptor for Leukocyte Integrins
Authors: Triantafyllos Chavakis, Angelika Bierhaus, Nadia Al-Fakhri, Darius Schneider, Steffen Witte, Thomas Linn, Mariko Nagashima, John Morser, Bernd Arnold, Klaus T. Preissner, Peter P. Nawroth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

The pattern recognition receptor, RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts), propagates cellular dysfunction in several inflammatory disorders and diabetes. Here we show that RAGE functions as an endothelial adhesion receptor promoting leukocyte recruitment. In an animal model of thioglycollate-induced acute peritonitis, leukocyte recruitment was significantly impaired in RAGE-deficient mice as opposed to wild-type mice. In diabetic wild-type mice we observed enhanced leukocyte recruitment to the inflamed peritoneum as compared with nondiabetic wild-type mice; this phenomenon was attributed to RAGE as it was abrogated in the presence of soluble RAGE and was absent in diabetic RAGE-deficient mice. In vitro, RAGE-dependent leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells was mediated by a direct interaction of RAGE with the β2-integrin Mac-1 and, to a lower extent, with p150,95 but not with LFA-1 or with β1-integrins. The RAGE–Mac-1 interaction was augmented by the proinflammatory RAGE-ligand, S100-protein. These results were corroborated by analysis of cells transfected with different heterodimeric β2-integrins, by using RAGE-transfected cells, and by using purified proteins. The RAGE–Mac-1 interaction defines a novel pathway of leukocyte recruitment relevant in inflammatory disorders associated with increased RAGE expression, such as in diabetes, and could provide the basis for the development of novel therapeutic applications.
A Contemporary Prognostic Nomogram for Men with Hormone-Refractory Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A TAX327 Study Analysis
Authors: Andrew J. Armstrong, Elizabeth S. Garrett-Mayer, Yi-Chun Ou Yang, Ronald de Wit, Ian F. Tannock, Mario Eisenberger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: To develop a prognostic model and nomogram using baseline clinical variables to predict death among men with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Experimental Design: TAX327 was a clinical trial that randomized 1,006 men with metastatic HRPC to receive every three week or weekly docetaxel or mitoxantrone, each with prednisone. We developed a multivariate Cox model and nomogram to predict survival at 1, 2, and 5 years. Results: Ten independent prognostic factors other than treatment group were identified in multivariate analysis: (a) presence of liver metastases [hazard ratio (HR), 1.66; P = 0.019], (b) number of metastatic sites (HR, 1.63 if ≥2 sites; P = 0.001), (c) clinically significant pain (HR, 1.48; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), (d) Karnofsky performance status (HR, 1.39 if ≤70; P = 0.016), (e) type of progression (HR, 1.37 for measurable disease progression and 1.29 for bone scan progression; P = 0.005 and 0.01, respectively), (f) pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time (HR, 1.19 if &amp;lt;55 days; P = 0.066), (g) PSA (HR, 1.17 per log rise; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), (h) tumor grade (HR, 1.18 for high grade; P = 0.069), (i) alkaline phosphatase (HR, 1.27 per log rise; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and (j) hemoglobin (HR, 1.11 per unit decline; P = 0.004). A nomogram was developed based on this multivariate model and validated internally using bootstrap methods, with a concordance index of 0.69. Conclusions: This multivariate model identified several new independent prognostic factors in men with metastatic HRPC, including PSA doubling time, and led to the successful development of a clinically applicable nomogram. External prospective validation may support the wider use of this prognostic baseline model for men with HRPC treated with chemotherapy.
External auditory canal exostoses in white water kayakers
Authors: A Cooper, R Tong, R Neil, D Owens, A Tomkinson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

In this study, the presence and severity of external auditory canal exostoses (EACE) in a group of white water kayakers related to the duration and intensity of kayaking and the number of ear infections reported were identified.A community-based volunteer cross-sectional study was completed with 92 kayakers (69 men, 23 women; mean (SD) age 29.3 (8.72) years) and 65 control volunteers (37 men, 28 women; mean (SD) age 36.9 (14.9) years). After exclusions, 269 individual ears were examined (154 kayakers and 115 controls). Participants completed a questionnaire and underwent otoscopic examination. Main outcome measures were the presence and severity of EACE, the duration and frequency of kayaking and self-reported ear infections. Exclusion criteria included other cold-water exposure, known ear pathology or poor visualisation of the auditory canal.The findings demonstrated that 69.5% of kayaker ears and 1.7% of the control group were found to have EACE. Severity of EACE was significantly associated with the duration (p<0.01) and frequency (p<0.05) of kayaking with 90.6% of kayakers that had participated for more than 10 years having evidence of EACE. A significant relationship also existed between the number of self-reported ear infections and the severity of EACE (p<0.01).There is a positive relationship between the duration and frequency of white water kayaking and the presence and severity of EACE and associated ear infections.
MHC2TA is associated with differential MHC molecule expression and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and myocardial infarction
Authors: Maria Swanberg, Olle Lidman, Leonid Padyukov, Per Eriksson, Eva Åkesson, Maja Jagodic, Anna Lobell, Mohsen Khademi, Ola Börjesson, Cecilia M Lindgren, Pia Lundman, Anthony J Brookes, Juha Kere, Holger Luthman, Lars Alfredsson, Jan Hillert, Lars Klareskog, Anders Hamsten, Fredrik Piehl, Tomas Olsson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Shorter-Duration Therapy Using Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Lower-Dose Cyclophosphamide With or Without Radiotherapy for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Low-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: David O. Walterhouse, Alberto S. Pappo, Jane L. Meza, John C. Breneman, Andrea A. Hayes-Jordan, David M. Parham, Timothy P. Cripe, James R. Anderson, William H. Meyer, Douglas S. Hawkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Purpose Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) studies III and IV showed improved failure-free survival (FFS) rates with vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC; total cumulative cyclophosphamide dose, 26.4 g/m 2 ) compared with vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) for patients with subset-one low-risk embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS; stage 1/2 group I/II ERMS or stage 1 group III orbit ERMS). The objective of Children's Oncology Group ARST0331 was to reduce the length of therapy without compromising FFS for this subset of low-risk patients by using VA in combination with lower-dose cyclophosphamide (total cumulative dose, 4.8 g/m 2 ) plus radiotherapy (RT). Patients and Methods This noninferiority prospective clinical trial enrolled newly diagnosed patients with subset-one clinical features. Therapy included four cycles of VAC followed by four cycles of VA over 22 weeks. Patients with microscopic or gross residual disease at study entry received RT. Results With a median follow-up of 4.3 years, we observed 35 failures among 271 eligible patients versus 48.4 expected failures, calculated using a fixed outcome based on the FFS expected for similar patients treated on the IRSG D9602 protocol. The estimated 3-year FFS rate was 89% (95% CI, 85% to 92%), and the overall survival rate was 98% (95% CI, 95% to 99%). Patients with paratesticular tumors had the most favorable outcome. Three-year cumulative incidence rates for any local, regional, or distant failures were 7.6%, 1.5%, and 3.4%, respectively. Conclusion Shorter-duration therapy that included lower-dose cyclophosphamide and RT did not compromise FFS for patients with subset-one low-risk ERMS.