tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peripheral muscle weakness contributes to exercise limitation in COPD.
Authors: R Gosselink, T Troosters, M Decramer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Recently, it was suggested that fatigue of peripheral muscles could contribute to exercise limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In order to quantify the role of peripheral muscle force, we restudied potential determinants of exercise capacity (6-min walking distance [6 MWD] and maximal oxygen consumption [V02max]) in 41 consecutive COPD patients (FEV1, 43 +/- 19% of predicted, TLCO, 56 +/- 25% of predicted) admitted to our pulmonary rehabilitation program. VO2max (incremental cycle ergometer test), 6 MWD (best of three), lung function (FEV1, FVC, TLC, FRC), diffusing capacity (TLCO), isometric quadriceps force (QF), hand grip force (HF), and maximal inspiratory (PImax) and expiratory (PEmax) pressures were measured. Patients had a poor 6 MWD (372 +/- 136 m) and VO2max (1.35 +/- 0.60 L, 71%), reduced respiratory (PImax 65 +/- 27%) and peripheral muscle force (QF 74 +/- 27%, HF 82 +/- 23%). In single regression analysis, significant correlations (r) were found for VO2max and TLCO (0.68), FEV1 (0.64), QF (0.55), HF (0.53), and body weight (0.49). Walking distance was significantly correlated with QF (0.63), HF (0.61), PImax (0.49), and TLCO (0.38). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, the variables significantly contributing to 6 MWD were QF and Plmax. For VO2max, variables significantly contributing were TLCO, QF, and FEV1. We conclude that lung function and peripheral muscle force are important determinants of exercise capacity in COPD.
Omeprazole Therapy Causes Malabsorption of Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B_12)
Authors: Stefan P. Marcuard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To evaluate protein-bound cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) sub absorption before and after omeprazole (Prilosec) therapy in healthy male volunteers. Design: Clinical trial in which each volunteer served as his own control. Setting: Outpatient department of a university medical center. Participants: Ten healthy, male volunteers 22 to 50 years old. Intervention: Each participant had a modified Schilling test (protein-bound cyanocobalamin) and a gastric analysis, as well as measurements of serum vitamin B12, gastrin, and folate levels. Five patients were then randomly assigned to take either 20 mg or 40 mg of omeprazole daily. After 2 weeks of omeprazole therapy, these tests were repeated. Measurements: The modified Schilling test, gastric analysis, serum gastrin level, folate level, and cyanocobalamin level. Results: At the end of the 2-week treatment period, cyanocobalamin absorption decreased from 3.2% to 0.9% (P = 0.031) in participants receiving 20 mg of omeprazole daily. In patients taking 40 mg of omeprazole daily, cyanocobalamin absorption decreased from 3.4% to 0.4% (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Omeprazole therapy acutely decreased cyanocobalamin absorption in a dose-dependent manner.
Abstract 3890: Regulation of mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) during mitosis
Authors: Bing Yu, William B. Dalton, Vincent W. Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Genetic instability is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. DNA double strand break (DSB), if improperly repaired, results in genetic instability and tumorigenesis. Previous research has established γH2AX as a bona fide marker of DSBs and the hierarchical foci assembly of DNA damage response (DDR) proteins at DSB sites is required for efficient repair. Recent findings from our group demonstrated that during either spontaneous or induced prolonged mitosis, cancer cells acquire DSBs which lead to further chromosomal abnormality [Dalton et al.(2007) Cancer Res. 67:11487]. Deciphering the mechanism of such DSB accumulation may provide new insights into the mechanism of genetic instability. We hypothesize that the increase of DSBs during prolonged mitosis is due to lack of efficient DDR. To this end, we focus on the protein Mediator of DNA damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1), an important mediator in DSB repair. MDC1 directly binds to γH2AX and serves as a platform to accumulate/retain downstream DDR proteins at DSB sites and concomitantly initiates cell cycle arrest through its multiple interaction domains. We observed that during mitosis, many DDR proteins fail to colocalize with γH2AX in response to DSBs, while MDC1 exhibits a weakened interaction with γH2AX as shown by immunofluorescent microscopy. Inhibition of Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) activity, either by treatment with a specific CDK1 inhibitor RO-3306 or transient knockdown of CDK1 protein by siRNA, strengthened MDC1-γH2AX colocalization in colon cancer cells in mitosis. In vitro phosphorylation assay confirmed MDC1 as a direct substrate of CDK1. Moreover, a deletion mutant of MDC1 exhibits an increased colocalization with γH2AX compared to wild-type MDC1. Considering the published role of MDC1 as a positive regulator in metaphase-anaphase transition, we propose that phosphorylation of MDC1 by CDK1 promotes a partial disassembly of MDC1 from γH2AX foci during mitosis, in order for MDC1 to function as a modulator of mitotic progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3890. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3890
BACILLUS WELCHII PANOPHTHALMITIS
Authors: Sydney Walker
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Infections from Bacillus welchii in different parts of the body are not uncommon; in fact, they are often encountered in industrial practice. The statistics give a high mortality rate. The previous war experience has done little to control this situation. Owing to the rapidity of the spread of the infection and the destruction of tissue thereby, it would naturally be assumed that such an infection in or about the eye would be fatal. Such apparently is not the case. To date, there have been ten cases reported in the literature: five in Great Britain, four in France and one in the United States. James<sup>1</sup>made the clinical diagnosis by gas bubbles in the anterior chamber and eviscerated the contents of the globe. Heath<sup>2</sup>had a case of panophthalmitis in which he eviscerated the contents. Cultures yielded positive results. Ridley<sup>3</sup>had a case of gas gangrene and panophthalmitis
Cutaneous larva migrans: clinical features and management of 44 cases presenting in the returning traveller
Authors: V. Blackwell, F. Vega-Lopez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is the result of a nematode infection, and shows a characteristic creeping eruption. As travel to the tropics increases, many British citizens may be returning with this infection, which is often misdiagnosed or treated incorrectly.To perform a retrospective survey of 44 cases of CLM presenting to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in London over the last 2 years.Cases were reviewed with regard to patient characteristics, source of infection, source of referral, clinical features and therapy.Most infections were acquired in Africa (32%), the Caribbean (30%) and South-east Asia (25%), but also in Central and South America. There was a history of exposure to a beach in 95% of patients and the median duration of symptoms was 8 weeks (range 1-104). Lesions mainly affected the feet (39%), buttocks (18%) and abdomen (16%), but the lower leg, arm and face were also affected. Multiple lesions were seen in seven of 44 cases (16%). Laboratory abnormalities were absent in all patients. Of 44 patients seen, four needed no treatment, 28 were cured by a single course of treatment, 11 required a second course of therapy and one patient was treated three times. Thirty-one patients received oral albendazole 400 mg daily for 3-5 days and 24 were cured (77%). Five patients received 10% thiabendazole cream topically for 10 days and four were cured (80%). Four patients received oral thiabendazole 1.5 g daily for 3 days and all required further therapy.In view of the range of treatment regimens recorded, a randomized controlled trial comparing topical and systemic therapies is warranted.
Randomised trial of an asthma self-management programme for adults.
Authors: R M Allen, M P Jones, B Oldenburg
Journal: Thorax (1995)

A hospital based, community service asthma education programme for adults to improve asthma knowledge, promote compliance with medication, and reduce morbidity was evaluated.The programme was evaluated using a randomised experimental and control group design with repeated measurements over 12 months. A volunteer community sample of 192 respondents was recruited of whom 116 satisfied the inclusion criteria. At the 12 month follow up some data were obtained for all subjects. Intervention subjects attended four 2.5 hour education sessions at weekly intervals. An asthma knowledge questionnaire was administered and compliance was assessed from diary records. Morbidity was assessed retrospectively by questionnaire, prospectively by diary, and objectively by spirometry and serial peak expiratory flow rate monitoring. The adequacy of medical treatment was also assessed. Data were collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at three, six, nine, and 12 months after intervention.Improvements occurred in knowledge and compliance in the intervention group but the impact on morbidity was modest; this was due, at least in part, to the inadequacy of medical treatment.Treatment of asthma should be reviewed and optimised in conjunction with self-management programmes in order to improve health outcomes.
C3a modulates IL-1β secretion in human monocytes by regulating ATP efflux and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Elham Asgari, Gaelle Le Friec, Hidekazu Yamamoto, Esperanza Perucha, Steven S. Sacks, Jörg Köhl, H. Terence Cook, Claudia Kemper
Journal: Blood (2013)
Meal-induced oxidative stress and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in diabetes: The possible role of hyperglycemia
Authors: Antonio Ceriello, Nadia Bortolotti, Enrico Motz, Carlo Pieri, Michele Marra, Laura Tonutti, Sebastiano Lizzio, Fabiola Feletto, Barbara Catone, Claudio Taboga
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Abstract 5713: Omega-3 fatty acid molecular and cellular modulation of in vitro models of high-risk breast cancer
Authors: Ching Hui Chen, David A. Cavazos, Shruti A. Apte, Carol Fabian, Stephen Hursting, Linda A. deGraffenried
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, especially the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaonoic acid (DHA), have been shown to have potential antitumor effects for a wide range of cancer types, including breast. Multiple and widely diverse mechanisms have been purported through which n-3 fatty acids act as antitumor agents. Due to this wide range of effects, the n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA in particular have been extrapolated to be possible chemo-preventive agents. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated that high intake of n-3 fatty acids from fish is inversely correlated with breast cancer risk. In this current study, we explore the molecular and cellular effects of EPA and DHA in breast cancer cells demonstrating abnormalities similar to those found in high risk patient populations, including MCF-7 cells with stable suppression of PTEN expression, MDA-MB-231 cells that mimic the triple negative phenotype and mouse epithelial cells that are derived from MMTV-erbB2 mouse breast tumors. Loss of PTEN activity has been reported in as much as 50% of all breast cancers. Triple negative disease exhibits an aggressive and early pattern of metastasis, with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. ErbB2 is overexpressed in 30% of breast tumors and has been associated with a more aggressive and a pro-inflammatory disease. Based upon the highly inflammatory nature of these three cell types, we hypothesized that omega-3 fatty acids would be effective in modulating cellular processes that promote the more aggressive phenotype associated with these abnormalities. We are investigating the effect of EPA and DHA on survival, proliferation and apoptosis of the three modulated cell lines in comparison to less aggressive cell lines, and the molecular changes that correlate with response. Preliminary data suggest that cell proliferation is not modulated by exposure to either EPA or DHA. However, both EPA and DHA effectively suppressed NF-kB transcriptional activity in these cells. These data suggest that one important mechanism by which omega-3 fatty acids may function as anti-tumor and possibly chemo-preventive agents is through regulation of NF-kB-induced inflammation. Studies are currently on-going to evaluate if modulation of NF-kB is critical for mediating the protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids on breast cancer development and progression and if reduction of inflammatory responses will correlate with a less aggressive disease in these cells that closely reflect high risk patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5713.
Better than Prozac: Creating the Next Generation of Psychiatric Drugs
Authors: S. Dosani
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Prozac (fluoxetine) was once full of promise: a miracle cure for a miserable generation. Since its launch in 1989 more than 35 million people have been prescribed the drug. Peter Krammer's Listening to Prozac , which presented patients whose thoughts, personalities, and lives were transformed by the drug, was published in 1993 and became a best seller. A backlash followed. Prozac and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were described by some experts as addictive, while others …
TCT-313 Prolonged Resuscitation Efforts in the Catheterization Laboratory; Mechanical Chest Compressions Saves Lives and Facilitates Percutaneous Cardiac Intervention
Authors: Henrik Wagner, Bjarne Madsen-Hardig, Malin Rundgren, Jan Harnek, David Zughaft, Matthias Gotberg, Goran K. Olivecrona
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
187 PRE-EMPTIVE DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACH OF ANASTOMOTIC BILIARY STRICTURES AFTER PEDIATRIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: V. Corno, L. Locatelli, D. Pinelli, A. Lucianetti, A. Sonzogni, R. Agazzi, M.C. Dezza, M. Guizzetti, M. Zambelli, S. Vedovati, D. Codazzi, G. Torre, M. Colledan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Amelioration of ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts by the ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener BMS-180448
Authors: T. M. Monticello, C. A. Sargent, J. R. McGill, D. S. Barton, G. J. Grover
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Aims of this study were: (1) Evaluate by morphology and specific physiological and biochemical parameters, the protective effects of the cardioselective ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener BMS-180448 on ischemic/reperfused isolated rat heart, and (2) Determine the earliest time point ischemia-induced myocardial injury is observed by light microscopy.Hearts from Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a Langendorff apparatus. After equilibration, hearts were treated with BMS-180448 (10 micro M) or vehicle (0.04% DMSO) for 10 min before the onset of ischemia. Four hearts/group were collected following 10, 18, or 25 min of ischemia. A nonischemic control group was also evaluated. Following 25 min of ischemia, another set of hearts was reperfused with oxygenated Krebs-Hensleit solution and allowed to recover for 30 min. Light and electron microscopic changes of the myocardium were semi-quantitatively evaluated together with physiological (i.e., heart rate, left ventricular diastolic pressure, time to contracture formation) and biochemical (i.e., lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, release) endpoints.Cardioprotective effects of BMS-180448 following ischemia/reperfusion consisted of a reduced rate of contracture formation, reduced LDH release, and enhanced recovery of contractile function during reperfusion (P < 0.05). Light microscopic evidence of myocardial damage was detected following 18 min of ischemia. Morphological changes in ischemic/reperfused hearts included interstitial edema, myofiber degeneration, and hypercontraction band formation. Ultrastructurally, swollen myofibrils, swollen mitochondria with disrupted cristae and electron-dense deposits, myofibrillar lysis, and contraction bands, were observed. Light and electron microscopic severity scores were significantly less (P < 0.05) in BMS-180448-treated hearts at the 25 min ischemic time point and in reperfused hearts, as compared to similarly-treated vehicle hearts.BMS-180448 ameliorates morphological evidence of ischemia/reperfusion myocardial damage in the isolated rat heart model, in agreement with physiological and biochemical parameters.
High prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients with primary and secondary glomerular nephropathies
Authors: Inmaculada Castillo, Jorge Martinez-Ara, Teresa Olea, Javier Bartolomé, Rosario Madero, Eduardo Hernández, Carmen Bernis, Ana Aguilar, Juan A Quiroga, Vicente Carreño, Rafael Selgas
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Perforated Peptic Ulcer of Meckel's Diverticulum
Authors: D. M. Hancock
Journal: BMJ (1951)

The fluid re-formed very slowly, only 6 oz.(170 ml.) being aspirated on two occasions after beginning treatment (see Chart).On April 21 he developed a left-sided pleural effusion, which was aspirated several times.Intramuscular strepto- mycin was stopped on May 2 because of toxic symptoms.On May 3 there were signs of superior mediastinal obstruc- tion and a large mass of enlarged mediastinal glands was seen on radiological examination.Two weeks later ascites, oedema of the legs, and enlargement of the liver to 3 in.FtLUI ozO.
Abstract 1423: Proinflammatory activity of type II interleukin 1 receptor, a decoy receptor.
Authors: Ai-Chung Mar, Hui-Ju Lee, Te-Chang Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We have previously demonstrated that type II interleukin 1 receptor (IL1R2), an IL-1 decoy receptor, plays a dual role on regulation of inflammatory signaling, i.e., IL1R2 inhibits the exogenous interleukin 1 (IL-1) signaling on the one hand but activates intracellular IL-1α and its downstream proinflammatory cytokines. To have a better understanding of the proinflammatory activity of IL1R2, we modulated the intracellular IL1R2 levels by ectopic expression or siRNA silencing techniques. In the present study, our results showed that ectopic expression of IL1R2 in HaCaT cells, an immortalized cell line of human keratinocyte, significantly enhanced the expression of IL-6, MMP-1, and VEGF-A. Since T4R2 cells, a tumorigenic cell line derived from HaCaT cells by long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic, expressed a significant amount of IL1R2, we therefore silenced the expression of IL1R2 in T4R2 cells by RNAi technique. Our results consistently showed that silencing of IL1R2 in T4R2 cells decreased expression of IL-6, MMP-1, and VEGF-A. Meanwhile, our results demonstrated that the intracellular levels of IL1R2 are closely associated with migration ability of HaCaT cells. Moreover, IL1R2 silencing reduced the growth rate of T4R2 cells in nude mice. The conditioned medium harvested from T4R2 cells was able to stimulate migration, proliferation, and tube formation of cultured endothelial cells, whereas the angiogenesis activity of conditioned medium harvested from IL1R2 silenced T4R2 cells was significantly suppressed. Furthermore, the enhanced migration ability of endothelial cells culturing in T4R2 conditioned medium was suppressed by antibodies against VEGF-A and IL-6. We also demonstrated that tumors derived from T4R2 cells contained higher levels of CD31 positive cells as compared to those derived from IL1R2 silenced T4R2 cells, indicating more blood vessels formed in T4R2 tumor tissues. Mechanistically, our present studies showed that IL1R2 may work together with cFos and bind to Ap-1 site of promoters of IL-6 and VEGF-A. Taken together, we revealed that intracellular IL1R2 acts as a proinflammatory factor and hence enhances the expression of several inflammatory cytokines involving in angiogenesis and tumor malignancy. Citation Format: Ai-Chung Mar, Hui-Ju Lee, Te-Chang Lee. Proinflammatory activity of type II interleukin 1 receptor, a decoy receptor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1423. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1423
Predicting relationships between speed and accuracy of targetting movements is important
Authors: James G. Phillips, Mark A. Bellgrove, John L. Bradshaw
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

While explaining a large proportion of any variance, accounts of the speed and accuracy of targetting movements use techniques (e.g., log transforms) that typically reduce variability before “explaining” the data. Therefore the predictive power of such accounts are important. We consider whether Plamondon's model can account for kinematics of targetting movements of clinical populations.
Review of Reference Manager
Authors: ERNEST BEUTLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1985Review of Reference ManagerERNEST BEUTLER, M.D.ERNEST BEUTLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-415_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I was pleased that our bibliographic retrieval program functioned well when it was evaluated by Panzer and Williams (1).Reference Manageris my personal bibliographic retrieval system developed over a period of 15 years. Initially written in assembly language for a minicomputer, it has been rewritten for microcomputers, using an easily transportable language. The features of the program are those shown to be needed by years of experience with the program. Speed in retrieving from a large personal database was of paramount importance in program design. Most microcomputer-based reference retrieval systems use sequential searching to find a...References1. PANZERWILLIAMS RM. Reference Manager [Software review]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:144-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BEUTLER E. Hemolytic Anemia in Disorders of Red Cell Metabolism. New York: Plenum Publishing Company; 1978. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1985Volume 102, Issue 3Page: 415-415KeywordsDatabases Issue Published: 1 March 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
672 Comparison of efficacy and safety of albuterol administered by power-driven nebulizer (PDN) versus metered dose inhaler (MDI) with aerochamber and mask in young children with asthma
Authors: N LEE, G RACHELEFSKY, R KOBAYASHI, A KOBAYASHI, S SIEGEL, R KATZ, S SPECTOR, A ROHR
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Introducing HPV Vaccine in Developing Countries — Key Challenges and Issues
Authors: Jan M. Agosti, Sue J. Goldie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Of 274,000 deaths due to cervical cancer each year, more than 80% occur in developing countries. Drs. Jan Agosti and Sue Goldie suggest that there is sufficient evidence to support global policy recommendations for the introduction of HPV vaccine.