tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A NOTE ON HAEMATOCOLPOS
Authors: A. Sharman
Journal: BMJ (1929)

place.The vessels in the hiluim of the organ appeared lhealthly.On section the diagnosis of subeapsular haematoma was confirmed, and it was in addition seen that a considerable portion of the spleinic substance had been ploughed up by the lhaemorrhage.Microscopical Examination.-Aportion of the spleen wlliclh appeared to be undamaged by the haemorrlhage w-as submitted to microscopical examination.A niormal histological picture was foulnd.A portion of the splenic artery was also examined, but no ablnormality was discovered.As far as could be judged, therefore, apart firom the damage caused by the lhaemorrhage, the spleen was a normal liealtlhy organ of the usual size and with healthy blood vessels.The patient was repeatedly questioned as to whether he had received any injury, buit this was denied.A diagnosis was therefore made of spontaneous rtupture of a normal spleen.Slhortly after his discharge the patient was asked to attend in order that lie might be further examined, and investigations were made to see if some cause could be discovered to accouint for the apparently spontaneous rupture.No abnormal signs were found in the heart, lungs, or abdomen.The urinie u-as acid, and contained no abnormal cotnstituents.The arteries we-re slightly tlhickened and the blood pressure was 140/85.While the examina- tion was in progress the patienlt stated that lie lhad lately remembered that at 10.30 a.m. on the day of the onset of hiis illness he was leaning over a ledge in order to openIhis shop window, when he slipped and fell on to his left side against the edge of the ledge.He had only slight discomfort, and, tlhinking nothing of hiis injury, dismissed it from his mind until our repeated questionings recalled, the inicident.Undoubtedly thlis forgotten trauima was the primary cause of the rupttured spleen.Similar cases have been reported by T. S. Ja1ckson' and J. L. StrettonI.2Jackson's patient wi-as a. girl, aged 15, in wh-lomi the apparent spontaneous rupl)turle z ocetrred wh-Iiile slhe wnas sitting in: a cinemia.After lher recovery lie elicited the history that four' weeks previouslv she had falleni against a desIk, str ikinig her left side.St retton's patient w-as a pregnant w-omiian, age(l 37, in whomi the lesion priofessedlv followved the getting ouit of bed to pass urine.Suibsequient careful iniquiry elicited a story of violenit coitils.M. P. Susmllan3 reports, as a spontaneous ru-ipturie of ani apparently n,ormial spleen, a case the clinical features of w-hichl bear.aclose resemblance to thle onte recorded here, and in which.the originial diagniosis was also perforated gastric ulcer.He could find only six simiiilair cases ill tlhe literature.
IMMUNE RESPONSE OF RABBITS TO INJECTION OF PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI
Authors: Monroe D. Eaton, L. T. Coggeshall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1939)

Specific complement-fixing antibodies are produced in the serum of rabbits in response to injections of living or dead Plasmodium knowlesi. Sera from rabbits receiving injections of either parasitized or normal monkey erythrocytes are parasiticidal in vitro for P. knowlesi. Because absorption of parasiticidal rabbit sera with normal monkey erythrocytes abolishes the parasiticidal effect, it is concluded that the effect is largely due to an antibody to the red cells. Normal rabbit serum is not parasiticidal. Experiments on passive protection in monkey malaria with serum from rabbits which have received intraperitoneal injections of living or dead P. knowlesi yield no conclusive evidence that protective antibodies are formed.
96 First clinical results for a novel antiviral treatment for hepatitis C: A phase I/II dose escalation trial assessing tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of NM283
Authors: E. Godofsky, N. Afdhal, V. Rustgi, L. Shick, L. Duncan, X.J. Zhou, G. Chao, C. Fang, B. Fielman, M. Myers, N.A. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
A single nucleotide change in the prolidase gene in fibroblasts from two patients with polypeptide positive prolidase deficiency. Expression of the mutant enzyme in NIH 3T3 cells.
Authors: A Tanoue, F Endo, A Kitano, I Matsuda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Prolidase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mental retardation and various skin lesions. Cultured skin fibroblasts were obtained from two independent patients with abnormal prolidase. Using the polymerase chain reaction, we amplified the entire coding region of human prolidase mRNA derived from patients' fibroblasts. Nucleotide sequence analysis of amplified cDNA products revealed a G to A substitution at position 826 in exon 12, where aspartic acid was replaced by asparagine at the amino acid residue 276, in cells from both patients. An analysis of the DNA showed that the substitution was homozygous. An expression plasmid clone containing a normal human prolidase cDNA (pEPD-W) or mutant prolidase cDNA (pEPD-M) was prepared, transfected, and tested for expression in NIH 3T3 cells. Incorporation of pEPD-W and pEPD-M resulted in the synthesis of an immunological polypeptide that corresponded to human prolidase. Active human enzyme was detected in cells transfected with pEPD-W, but not in those transfected with pEPD-M. These results were compatible with our observation of fibroblasts and confirmed that the substitution was responsible for the enzyme deficiency. As active prolidase was recovered in prolidase-deficient fibroblasts transfected with pEPD-W, this restoration of prolidase activity after transfection means that gene replacement therapy for individuals with this human disorder can be given due consideration.
Allergy to oxidized limonene and linalool is frequent in the U.K.
Authors: H. Audrain, C. Kenward, C.R. Lovell, C. Green, A.D. Ormerod, J. Sansom, M.M.U. Chowdhury, S.M. Cooper, G.A. Johnston, M. Wilkinson, C. King, N. Stone, H.L. Horne, C.R. Holden, S. Wakelin, D.A. Buckley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

The oxidized forms of the fragrance terpenes limonene and linalool are known to cause allergic contact dermatitis. Significant rates of contact allergy to these fragrances have been reported in European studies and in a recent worldwide study. Patch testing to oxidized terpenes is not routinely carried out either in the U.K. or in other centres internationally.To investigate the prevalence of contact allergy to oxidized limonene and linalool in the U.K.Between 1 August 2011 and 31 December 2012, 4731 consecutive patients in 13 U.K. dermatology departments were tested for hydroperoxides of limonene 0·3% pet., hydroperoxides of linalool 1·0% pet., stabilized limonene 10·0% pet. and stabilized linalool 10·0% pet. Doubtful (?+) and equivocal (±) reactions were grouped together as irritant reactions.Two hundred and thirty-seven patients (5·0%) had a positive patch test reaction to hydroperoxides of limonene 0·3% pet. and 281 (5·9%) to hydroperoxides of linalool 1·0% pet. Irritant reactions to one or both oxidized terpenes were found in 242 patients (7·3%). Eleven patients (0·2%) had a positive patch test reaction to the stabilized terpenes alone.This large, multicentre U.K. audit shows a significant rate of allergy to the hydroperoxides of limonene and linalool plus a high rate of irritant reactions. Testing to the oxidized forms alone captures the majority (97·0%; 411 of 422) of positive reactions; testing to nonoxidized terpenes appears to be less useful. We recommend that the hydroperoxides of limonene and linalool be added to an extended baseline patch test series.
Confidence in child protection practice
Authors: P. Hamilton, R. Proops
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health welcomes the guidance for expert witnesses produced by the General Medical Council.1 The key points describe the rules and legislation that should be familiar to all paediatricians who attend court. It closely echoes the important statement from the Department of Health and the Department of Children, Schools, and Families.2 This should protect the public and, importantly, paediatricians who have felt …
Intramural delivery of a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor with biodegradable stent suppresses the restenotic changes of the coronary artery in pigs in vivo
Authors: Tohru Yamawaki, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Toshiyuki Kozai, Kenji Miyata, Taiki Higo, Eriko Tanaka, Kensuke Egashira, Tadayoshi Shiraishi, Hideo Tamai, Keiji Igaki, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: N. J. Talley, A. R. Zinsmeister, A. Weaver, E. P. DiMagno, H. A. Carpenter, G. I. Perez-Perez, M. J. Blaser
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Helicobacter pylori infection, thought to be causally related to chronic gastritis, may also be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. To determine whether an association with gastric cancer does exist, we retrospectively evaluated serum samples from 69 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (32 with cancer at the cardia and 37 with cancer at other sites) and from 218 patients with one of three categories of nongastric cancers, with other gastric cancers, or with benign gastric neoplasms. These samples were compared with samples from 252 cancer-free control subjects, a group comprising 76 asymptomatic volunteers and 176 persons with nonmalignant disorders. Serum samples collected from cancer patients prior to surgery and from cancer-free controls were tested for antibodies to H. pylori by using a highly sensitive and specific IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The risk of H. pylori infection in the case patients relative to the control subjects was estimated with the use of multi-variate logistic regression analysis to adjust for potential confounding variables. Antibodies to H. pylori were detected in 65% of the patients with noncardia gastric cancer but in only 38% of the patients with gastric cancer located at the cardia. A significant association was found between H. pylori infection and noncardia gastric cancer (odds ratio = 2.67; 99% confidence interval = 1.01–7.06). Within the subset of patients with noncardia gastric cancer, a statistically nonsignificant tendency existed for those with the intestinal versus the diffuse bistologic type of noncardia gastric cancer to have a higher risk of H. pylori infection. Our results support the hypothesis of a relationship between H. pylori infection and the development of noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma. [J NatI Cancer Inst 83:1734–1739, 1991]
Medicalisation: peering from inside medicine
Authors: L. Leibovici
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Who benefits and who stands to lose from unnecessary medical procedures or from medicalisation of daily life events? When George Bernard Shaw's Cutler Walpole operates on Lady Gorran and extirpates her nuciform sac he gains not only 500 guineas but also reassurance never to be in doubt or at loss.1

The medicalisation of life domains is assumed to benefit the medical establishment or the medical profession—by giving them power and control. It is an “appropriation” of pregnancy and childbirth,2 or of natural death.3 By defining the type A personality, mainstream medicine redefined a masculine behaviour that was once valued.4 Such redefinition is a thing of power. It is not difficult to read within Michel Foucault's lines that people who incarcerate others for “madness” gain power and control.5

In a department of medicine or obstetrics, things look less simple. A 92 year old woman is admitted to a department of medicine because she refuses to eat and drink. She speaks little and peeps between the folds of the blanket. Her …
Diet and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: David P. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read with interest the letter from Dr David Snowdon<sup>1</sup>concerning diet and ovarian cancer risk. He reported that in a prospective study, the strongest and most consistent relationships between dietary factors and subsequent death from cancer of the ovary were for the consumption of eggs and fried foods. Because there was also a strong positive correlation between eggs and fried foods in his study group, it was not possible to determine whether these items exerted effects on ovarian cancer risk that were independent of each other. As part of a more extensive review, we have sought correlations between ovarian cancer mortality rates for 26 countries during 1978-1979<sup>2</sup>and the daily per capita supply of various food items.<sup>3</sup>The highest age-adjusted death rates were in Denmark, Sweden, and Switzerland (10.6, 9.6, and 9.2 per 100,000 women, respectively), and the lowest in Spain, Greece, and
DIRECT INHIBITION OF GASTRIC ACID AND PEPSIN SECRETION BY GROWTH-HORMONE RELEASE-INHIBITING HORMONE IN CATS
Authors: A. Gomez-Pan, M. Albinus, J.D. Reed, B. Shaw, R. Hall, G.M. Besser, D.H. Coy, A.J. Kastin, A.V. Schally
Journal: The Lancet (1975)
Role of Nitric Oxide in the Angiogenic Response In Vitro to Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
Authors: Saeid Babaei, Krystyna Teichert-Kuliszewska, Juan-Carlos Monge, Farida Mohamed, Michelle P. Bendeck, Duncan J. Stewart
Journal: Circulation Research (1998)

Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves the activation of quiescent endothelial cells (ECs) to a proliferative and migratory phenotype and, subsequently, their redifferentiation to form vascular tubes. We hypothesized that NO contributes to angiogenesis by terminating the proliferative action of angiogenic growth factors and initiating a genetic program of EC differentiation. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) and calf pulmonary artery ECs (CPAECs) were grown directly on plastic dishes or on three-dimensional fibrin matrices. In the absence of fibrin, treatment with NO-donor compounds, such as S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 0.1 and 0.4 mmol/L), produced a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in both cell lines, whereas the inhibition of endogenous NO production using NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 1 mmol/L) or NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 1 mmol/L) significantly increased proliferation of the CPAECs. The addition of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, 30 ng/mL) increased the expression of endothelial NO synthase mRNA and the production of NO in both cell types when cultured on three-dimensional fibrin gels and produced profound morphological changes characterized by the appearance of extensive capillary-like vascular structures and the loss of EC monolayers. These changes were quantified by measuring total tube length per low-power field (x100), and a differentiation index was derived using the ratio of tube length over area covered by residual EC monolayer. In the absence of additional angiogenic factors, the differentiation index was low for both HUVECs and CPAECs (control, 1.16+/-0.19 and 2.07+/-0.87, respectively). Treatment with bFGF increased the differentiation index significantly in both cell types (10.59+/-2.03 and 20.02+/-5.01 for HUVECs and CPAECs, respectively; P<.05 versus control), and the addition of SNAP (0.4 mmol/L) mimicked the angiogenic response to bFGF (8.57+/-1.34 and 12.20+/-3.49 for HUVECs and CPAECs, respectively; P<.05 versus control). Moreover, L-NAME inhibited EC tube formation in response to bFGF in a dose-response manner, consistent with a role of endogenous NO production in EC differentiation in this angiogenic model. These findings suggest that NO may act as a crucial signal in the angiogenic response to bFGF, terminating the proliferative actions of angiogenic growth factors and promoting EC differentiation into vascular tubes.
Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Staging Liver Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data
Authors: Siddharth Singh, Sudhakar K. Venkatesh, Zhen Wang, Frank H. Miller, Utaroh Motosugi, Russell N. Low, Tarek Hassanein, Patrick Asbach, Edmund M. Godfrey, Meng Yin, Jun Chen, Andrew P. Keaveny, Mellena Bridges, Anneloes Bohte, Mohammad Hassan Murad, David J. Lomas, Jayant A. Talwalkar, Richard L. Ehman
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Outcomes in the Era of Bare-Metal Stents vs the Era of Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Abhimanyu Beri
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diet and the Diabetic Patient
Authors: Frank Q Nuttall
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

At the present time, our knowledge regarding the metabolic consequences of various dietary regimens is incomplete and in need of further research. In addition, the composition of a diet for diabetic persons that will result in the best blood glucose control is uncertain and controversial. Whether dietary changes can significantly delay or prevent thelong-term complications of diabetes also is not known. Thus, the insistence that certain foods be avoided by the diabetic person or that a specified diet be adhered to rigidly cannot be defended scientifically. In view of the above limitations in our knowledge, perhaps the best approach should be to allow diabetic persons to select their own diet and daily meal plan, as long as the nutrient content is adequate. A diabetic person being treated with insulin or a hypoglycemic drug will have to comply with a dietary regimen consistent in carbohydrate content and time of meal ingestion. This continues to be of vital importance in the management plan. Nevertheless, an insulin or drug regimen usually can be designed to accommodate the individual's usual eating habits and food preferences. Such a flexible approach to diet management should lead to better patient compliance and overall management of the diabetic patient.
THE HISTORY OF HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS
Authors: Edgar B. Friedenwald
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> Recently while reviewing the literature on hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, I found a matter of some historical interest, to which I desire to call your attention. John A. Foote (<i>Am. J. Dis. Child</i>.<b>15</b>:351 [May] 1918), Harry M. Richter (in Abt's "Pediatrics," 1924, Chapter LI) and Louis W. Sauer (<i>Arch. Pediat</i>.<b>41</b>: 145 [March] 1924) call attention to the book of George Armstrong, "An Account of the Diseases Most Incident to Children from Their Birth to the Age of Puberty" (London, 1777), as containing the first description of this condition. It happens to be my good fortune to possess a book by the same author, published in London in 1771, which describes this condition. It is called "An Essay on the Diseases Most Fatal to Infants, to Which Are Added Rules to Be Observed in the Nursing of Children: With a Particular View to Those Who Are Brought
Detection of mitral ring abscess by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: K Nakamura, S Suzuki, G Satomi, H Hayashi, K Hirosawa
Journal: Circulation (1982)

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic features of mitral ring abscess are described. A round, dense echo mass between the posterior mitral leaflet and left ventricular posterior wall was demonstrated in long- and short-axis views of the left ventricle. The diagnosis of mitral ring abscess was confirmed at surgery. The superiority of two-dimensional echocardiography over M-mode echocardiography for evaluating patients with mitral ring abscess is also discussed.
Variability in aflatoxin-albumin adduct levels and effects of hepatitis B and C virus infection and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genotype.
Authors: H Ahsan, L Y Wang, C J Chen, W Y Tsai, R M Santella
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an important cofactor in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan, is influenced by dietary and other factors. The present study examined the intraindividual variability in AFB1-albumin adducts, the most reliable long-term biomarker of AFB1 exposure, and whether the baseline or follow-up adduct levels and the intraindividual variability in adduct levels are modified by endogenous and environmental factors. The study measured AFB1-albumin adduct levels among 264 healthy male residents of three townships (Hu-Hsi, Ma-Kung, and Pai-Hsa) of Penghu Islets, Taiwan, at two different time points with a median interval of 1.68 years (range 1.00-3.17 years). There was a generalized reduction in the adduct levels, with the median values being 22.1 pmol/mg (range 5.0-355.8 pmol/mg) at time 1 and 14.3 pmol/mg (range 5.0-205.2 pmol/mg) at time 2. This intraindividual variability in adduct levels was inversely associated with the age of subjects and the time interval between the two blood draws. The variability in adduct levels was lower among subjects in Hu-Hsi and Pai-Hsa townships as compared to those in Ma-Kung. No significant association was observed for the intraindividual variability in AFB1-albumin adducts with regard to the season when blood was drawn. There was also no significant association between intraindividual variability and hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1, or GSTT1 status. In conclusion, we found substantial intraindividual variability in the AFB1 exposure (as determined by AFB1-albumin adducts) in Taiwan, which was probably more likely related to dietary or other environmental influences rather than to endogenous factors (e.g., hepatitis B/C viral infection or GST M1/T1 genetic status).
Changes of guidelines diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma during the last ten-year period
Authors: Do Seon Song, Si Hyun Bae
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2012)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the world. There have been many advances in the diagnosis of HCC during the last ten years, especially in the imaging techniques. The Korean Liver cancer study group (KLCSG), European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), American Association for the Study of Liver disease (AASLD), and Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of Liver (APASL) have made and changed the HCC guidelines with the advances in the imaging techniques and according to the results of the researches on HCC. We reviewed the changes of the imaging guidelines in HCC diagnosis according to the advances in the imaging techniques. Further studies will be necessary to resolve the controversies in the diagnosis of HCC smaller than 1 cm in size. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Diagnosis; Guideline