tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cryptococcal Pleural Effusion
Authors: Jerry D. Smilack
Journal: JAMA (1975)

IN RECENT years, infection by Cryptococcus neoformans has received increased attention. Although infection with this agent commonly occurs in the compromised host, approximately 50% of cases occur in healthy individuals. 1   The most commonly recognized form of cryptococcal disease is chronic meningitis. While the respiratory tract is the usual portal of entry of the organism, relatively few reports of pulmonary cryptococcal disease have appeared in the literature, and cases of primary pulmonary infection are recognized infrequently. Pleural infection appears to be recognized even less commonly.  We describe a patient with widespread Hodgkin disease who developed fatal disseminated infection with C neoformans manifested by meningitis and predominant pleuropulmonary involvement.  Report of a Case  In July 1971, a 21-year-old man was seen with cervical adenopathy. Biopsy showed Hodgkin disease of mixed cellularity type, and it was subsequently classified as stage IA. He received radiotherapy to the right side of the neck.  In
Severe Skin Reaction to I.Z.S
Authors: J. C. Davidson
Journal: BMJ (1956)

MICROSCOPIC HAEMATURIA"Initial experiments showed that, so long as the diluent used in making the serial dilutions is normal urine or normal saline and not tap-water, which causes excessive haemolysisin the higher dilutions, centrifugation leads to no detectable loss of red blood cells.Centrifugation of more than 10 ml. is apt to be incomplete and so leads to less reliable results.If the urine is highly pigmented and there is any subse- quent difficulty with colours, normal urine may be used as diluent rather than normal saline, with corresponding slight reduction in the sensitivity of the test.This result may in part be due to the inhibiting effect of ascorbic acid on the reaction, but this is slight when the ascorbic acid content is reasonably near to the average normal concentration of some 2 mg.per.1009 ml.If the urine contains iodides false positives will be encoun- tered't owjwg toa the liberation-of iodine.Although it has been found convenient to report the results in terms o6fnumbers of red blood cells, the test is more strictly related to the haemoglobin content, and this should be remembered in the event of there being marked changes in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin content in the patient'g red cells.We have found that the test, capable of detecting down to 5,000 red cells per ml., covers a useful range, and accords with information concerning the output of red cells in urine which may be regarded as normal (Larcom and Carter, 1948; Lyttle, 1933).Clinical ApplicationIt is not suggested that chemical examination of urine should supersede microscopy of the centrifuged deposit, for this latter method of study is needed to determine the presence of formed elements in addition to that of blood.The chemical test described by Watson-Williams (1955), using a compound tablet, has the advantage of portability and has a place as a " screening test " for haematuria.But where there is microscopic haematuria and where quantita- tive changes are of significance the method we have described has proved in over two years' experience to be of value, particularly in the management of cases of acute nephritis and of subacute bacterial endocarditis, and in following cases on anticoagulant therapy. SummarySlight modifications have been made in the amido- pyrine test for blood so that a quantitative estimate of the degree of haematuria may be made.It has been found of value in cases of acute nephritis and of sub- acute bacterial endocarditis and in cases on anticoagulant therapy, and it may be recommended for routine labora- tory use.We wish to thank Dr. H.
Pesticide Storage: How Much Change?
Authors: Eloise W. Kailin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Hoffman et al, in reporting on "Pesticide Storage in Human Fat Tissue" in the June 1, 1964, issue (<i>JAMA</i><b>188</b>:819), have tackled a most difficult type of comparison. They argue that there has been no significant increase in DDT concentrations in fat since studies were made by Laug et al in 1951.<sup>1</sup>There are two major difficulties. First, Laug and co-workers assayed their fat samples by a colorimetric technique. This 1963 study used a very new gas chromatography method. Dale and Quinby<sup>2</sup>report that falsely high results are obtained with the older method. Have Dr. Hoffman and associates worked out the ratio of results of their new method to those of the older method? Second, the populations are of dubious comparability. It is a peculiar conceit that values found close to home are representative of "the general population." Statistical sampling procedures are a<i>must</i>
Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yuko Kamikura, Hideo Wada, Atsushi Yamada, Minori Shimura, Katsuyo Hiyoyama, Hiroshi Shiku, Motoaki Tanigawa, Hideo Nishikawa, Norikazu Yamada, Naoki Isaka, Takeshi Nakano, Kousuke Kumeda, Hisao Kato
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

We examined hemostatic abnormalities in 23 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 10 with pulmonary embolism (PE), and 10 with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). At the onset of AMI, plasma levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), PA inhibitor-I (PAI-I), fibrin-D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), and plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex (PPIC) were significantly increased. Both the plasma total TFPI and free-TFPI levels in the AMI patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy volunteers, PE patients, and DVT patients. There was no significant difference in total TFPI or free-TFPI among patients with PE, those with DVT, and healthy volunteers. One hour after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in the AMI group, the total TFPI level was further increased, and it was significantly reduced 24 hr after PTCA, to a level similar to that in healthy volunteers. Free-TFPI showed a pattern similar to that of total TFPI. The ratio of free-TFPI/total TFPI was highest 1 hr after PTCA. Increased TFPI in AMI patients might be released from ischemic tissues.
Proteomic Analysis of Malignant Ovarian Cancer Effusions as a Tool for Biologic and Prognostic Profiling
Authors: Ben Davidson, Virginia Espina, Seth M. Steinberg, Vivi Ann Flørenes, Lance A. Liotta, Gunnar B. Kristensen, Claes G. Tropé, Aasmund Berner, Elise C. Kohn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Malignant epithelial ovarian cancer effusions are important in disease dissemination and clinical outcome. The identification of biochemical events active in effusions may improve our identification and application of targeted therapeutics. Experimental Design: Archival effusion samples for which outcome information was known were studied. Clinical variables were comparable between these groups. Two cohorts of patients with malignant effusion were assessed: those with effusion at presentation (Tap1) or at first recurrence (Tap2). Expression and activated fraction of selected signaling proteins were quantitated on serial protein microarrays using validated antibodies. Proteomic results and clinical variables were analyzed by univariate analysis followed by Cox proportional hazards model analysis. Results: Malignant effusions (&amp;gt;80% malignant cells) were distinguished from benign effusions by higher expression of AKT, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, activated (P ≤ 0.001) and total cAMP-responsive element binding protein (P = 0.01), and JNK (P = 0.03). Malignant pleural effusions could not be differentiated from ascites by signaling profiles. Both had signal expression clusters for survival, proliferation and metastasis, and injury pathways. Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed high p38 and pEGFR/EGFR ratio as jointly associated with poor survival in Tap1 cases (both P ≤ 0.002). Phospho-JNK quantity was associated with worse outcome in Tap2 patients (P = 0.004), when taking other factors into consideration. Conclusions: Proliferation, survival, and apoptosis signaling dysregulation can be identified in ovarian cancer effusion samples. Biochemical characterization of clinical effusions may provide either predictive and/or correlative information on patient outcome from which to further understand the mechanisms of effusion development and target clinical intervention.
Fungus Infections of the Central Nervous System
Authors: WALTER FREEMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 November 1932Fungus Infections of the Central Nervous SystemWALTER FREEMAN, M.D., PH.D., F.A.C.P.WALTER FREEMAN, M.D., PH.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-5-595 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptInvasion of the central nervous system by the higher fungi is a comparatively rare condition, but a number of such cases have been reported during the past few years, especially in America, and it is my privilege to present the results of a comparative study of some twenty-five cases. I take the immediate opportunity of thanking those who have contributed to my collection of pathologic material.The first cases adequately studied were reported in Germany by von Hansemann and by Türk in 1905 and 1907, although the condition probably was recognized by Zenker in 1861. Curtis, in 1895 and 1896,...Bibliography CHIARI H: Zur Pathologie und Histologie der generalisierten Torulose (Blastomykose), Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1930, clxii, 422-441. CrossrefGoogle Scholar DEMMEMUMME HC: Blastomykose des Zentralnervensystems. Deut. Ztschr. f. Nervenheilk., 1932, cxxvii, 1-26. Google Scholar EGASLOFF MR: Aspergillose cérébrale, Press méd., 1931, xxxix, 273. Google Scholar GENEVRAYBABLET : Sur un cas de blastomycose meningée à Saccharomyces tumefaciens à Tonkin, Arch. Inst. Pasteur d'Indochine, 1930, April, 33-44. Google Scholar REALE E: Un caso di meningite da torula histolitica, Morgagni, 1931, lxxiii, 66-68. Google Scholar URBACHZACH EF: Generalisierte Torulose (europäische Blastomykose). Eine klinisch-botanische Studie, Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1930, clxii, 401-422. CrossrefGoogle Scholar WATTS JW: Torula infection; review and report of two cases, Am. Jr. Path., 1932, viii, 167-192. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WALTER FREEMAN, M.D., PH.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Washington, D. C.Presented before the First International Neurological Congress, Berne, Switzerland, September 3, 1931. From St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Washington, D. C. Received for publication, December 15, 1931. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHistory of medical mycology in the united statesCerebral infarctions and transiet neurologic deficits associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndromeCryptococcosisCryptococcosisEncephalitis in ChildrenDie entzündlichen Erkrankungen des Gehirns und seiner HäuteStudio micologico del Debaryomyces neoformans (Sanfelice) Red., Cif. et Giord. e significato della specie nella patologia animale 1 November 1932Volume 6, Issue 5Page: 595-607KeywordsCentral nervous systemHistopathologyNervous system ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1932 PDF downloadLoading ...
Purpura and dermal thinning associated with high dose inhaled corticosteroids.
Authors: S Capewell, S Reynolds, D Shuttleworth, C Edwards, A Y Finlay
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To assess the effect of high dose inhaled corticosteroids on skin.Cross sectional study of patients receiving treatment for chest diseases.Outpatient chest clinic in a teaching hospital.68 Patients divided into four groups of similar age--namely, 15 receiving long term oral prednisolone, 21 receiving high dose inhaled corticosteroids, 15 receiving low dose inhaled corticosteroids, and 17 controls.Skin thickness at three sites measured by A scan ultrasound and clinical assessment of purpura.Compared with controls patients in both the oral prednisolone treated group and the high dose inhaled corticosteroid treated group had significantly thinner skin at all three sites (group median thicknesses: prednisolone treated group 28-33% less than controls; high dose inhaled corticosteroid treated group 15-19% less than controls). Differences in skin thicknesses between the low dose inhaled corticosteroid treated group and the controls were trivial. The prevalence of purpura was significantly greater in patients receiving oral prednisolone (12/15 patients) and high dose inhaled corticosteroids (10/21) than in controls (2/17).Skin thinning and purpura represent further evidence of systemic effects of high dose inhaled corticosteroids.
Unusual presentation of carcinoma of the colon.
Authors: M Spigelman, R W McNabb
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The Kv2.1 voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> channel is found both freely diffusing over the plasma membrane and concentrated in micron-sized clusters localized to the soma, proximal dendrites, and axon initial segment of hippocampal neurons. In transfected HEK cells, Kv2.1 channels within cluster microdomains are nonconducting. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, the number of GFP-tagged Kv2.1 channels on the HEK cell surface was compared with K<sup>+</sup> channel conductance measured by whole-cell voltage clamp of the same cell. This approach indicated that, as channel density increases, nonclustered channels cease conducting. At the highest density observed, only 4% of all channels were conducting. Mutant Kv2.1 channels that fail to cluster also possessed the nonconducting state with 17% conducting K<sup>+</sup> at higher surface densities. The nonconducting state was specific to Kv2.1 as Kv1.4 was always conducting regardless of the cell-surface expression level. Anti-Kv2.1 immunofluorescence intensity, standardized to Kv2.1 surface density in transfected HEK cells, was used to determine the expression levels of endogenous Kv2.1 in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Endogenous Kv2.1 levels were compared with the number of conducting channels determined by whole-cell voltage clamp. Only 13 and 27% of the endogenous Kv2.1 was conducting in neurons cultured for 14 and 20 d, respectively. Together, these data indicate that the nonconducting state depends primarily on surface density as opposed to cluster location and that this nonconducting state also exists for native Kv2.1 found in cultured hippocampal neurons. This excess of Kv2.1 protein relative to K<sup>+</sup> conductance further supports a nonconducting role for Kv2.1 in excitable tissues.
497 CONVERSION TO EVEROLIMUS-BASED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN MAINTENANCE LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS: RESULTS FROM 94 PATIENTS
Authors: M. Vallin, O. Guillaud, I. Morard, M.-C. Gagnieu, G. Mentha, M. Adham, E. Morelon, E. Giostra, O. Boillot, J. Dumortier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Long-chain triglycerides improve recovery from myocardial stunning in conscious dogs
Authors: M VANDEVELDE, P WOUTERS, N ROLF, H VANAKEN, W FLAMENG, E VANDERMEERSCH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation is depressed in the postischaemic stunned myocardium and recovers in parallel with the normalization of contractile performance. Assuming a causal role for this metabolic disturbance in the pathogenesis of stunning, we questioned whether exogenous administration of high dose triglycerides during reperfusion of postischaemic myocardium, could improve its functional recovery.Thirteen dogs were chronically instrumented to measure global and regional haemodynamics and to produce a 10 min episode of regional myocardial ischaemia. In 7 dogs, Intralipid 20% was administered i.v. during the reperfusion phase. Contractile recovery of stunned myocardium was compared with control saline treatments. The series were repeated in another 6 animals, but oxfenicine (CPT I inhibitor) preceeded Intralipid during reperfusion.Contractile recovery of stunned myocardium was faster and more extensive when Intralipid was administered during reperfusion than with saline treatment (wall thickening fraction 86 +/- 6% of preischaemic controls versus 52 +/- 11% at 90 min post-reperfusion; P < 0.05). Oxfenicine pretreatment completely abolished this beneficial effect.Exogenous administration of triglycerides during reperfusion of postischaemic myocardium improves functional recovery from stunning. This beneficial effect most likely operates through enhanced FFA availability and/or oxidation since it could be abolished by selective inhibition of the carnitine palmitoyl I enzyme.
TREATMENT OF URETHRAL STRICTURE.
Authors: FREDERICK LEUSMAN
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is not here intended to speak of the expedients and methods called for by cases of emergency rendered singular by the rarity of their occurrence as well as their complications. For all practical purposes we have three accepted forms of treatment: Dilatation, electrolysis and urethrotomy. True, we have an Oberlaender, who with a dilator that bears his name dilates the urethra and controls the effect of this procedure with the endoscope, and we have a Tuttle with a dilator of his own. There is the famous Guyon, who, with a syringe named after him, and an elongated nozzle, injects medicines into areas assumed to be the seat and cause of the disease. More workers with methods and appliances might be mentioned, bound to give some returns in the hands of a thoughtful, skilled surgeon, ably seconded by an obedient patient. But correctly or incorrectly, while these gentlemen are justly
Epilepsy of Late Onset in the Light of Modern Diagnostic Procedures
Authors: H. Dimsdale
Journal: BMJ (1956)

CHILDREN BRDIAIJOUNA explanation of their low birth weight, who were heavily handicapped in all tests.I wish to thank the chairman and members of the joint com- mittee for their help and advice; the medical officers of health and the health visitors whose generous co-operation made the survey possible; and the mothers in all parts of the country who -willingly answered numerous and detailed questions on their children's health.
Abstract 3734: TLE3 expression is predictive of response to chemotherapy in NSCLC
Authors: Douglas T. Ross, Robert S. Seitz, Brian Z. Ring, Yanling Wang, Rodney A. Beck, Alex Soltermann
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Previously we have shown that the wnt pathway marker TLE3 is associated with outcome in taxane-treated breast cancer but not in patients treated with anthracycline-only supporting TLE3 as a taxane predictive marker. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between TLE3 expression and outcome in NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy as opposed to those treated with a surgical resection and or radiation alone. Experimental Design: We performed TLE3 immunohistochemistry staining on NSCLC cancer specimens from the University of Zurich, Switzerland. Most advanced stage chemotherapy treated patients at this institute receive a taxane containing regimen. Local and distant recurrences within the first five years of follow-up were analyzed using Kaplan Meier, Cox proportional hazard, and multivariate analysis to assess an interaction between TLE3 expression and response to chemotherapy. Results: TLE3 staining with a monoclonal antibody was associated with outcome only when patients received chemotherapy (HR=0.42 p=0.0047 n=68) while no association was identified in untreated patients (p=0.83 n=300). Multivariate analysis showed that TLE3 was independent of stage, grade and age. An interaction test between TLE3 expression and chemotherapy response was significant (p=0.036). Conclusion: High TLE3 expression is associated with response to chemotherapy in NSCLC. This is consistent with data in breast cancer where TLE3 is associated with response to taxane therapy. Further study in randomized cohorts is warranted to confirm TLE3 as a predictive marker for response the taxane therapy in NSCLC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3734.
COMPARISON OF VASCULAR INFLAMMATION AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN RESPONSE TO A NEW NOBORI AND CYPHER DRUG ELUTING STENTS IN PIG CORONARY ARTERIES
Authors: Jin-Shen Li, Lakshmana K. Pendyala, Daisuke Matsumoto, Sarah Geva, Toshiro Shinke, Dongming Hou, Jack P. Chen, Jaipal Singh, Nicolas Chronos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Diffusion of Glucose, Insulin, Inulin, and Evans Blue Protein into Thoracic Duct Lymph of Man*
Authors: Eugenio A. Rasio, Constantine L. Hampers, J. Stuart Soeldner, George F. Cahill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Immunoreactive insulin, like inulin, quickly equilibrates with interstitial fluid, as evidenced by recovery in thoracic duct lymph in man. Insulin-like activity not accounted for by immunoreactive insulin behaves as a large protein and is confined to the vascular compartment.
Abstract 3523: Preclinical characterization of MT114, a novel CD33/CD3-bispecific BiTE antibody for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Authors: Anja Henn, Matthias Friedrich, Roman Kischel, Ralf Lutterbuese, Katja Schneider, Peter Mueller, Patrick A. Baeuerle, Tobias Raum, Peter Kufer, Benno Rattel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract There has been little improvement of standard of care for AML patients over the past 20 years, creating a large demand for therapies with improved benefit/risk profile and potential to cure. The CD19/CD3-bispecific, T cell-engaging (BiTE) antibody blinatumomab has shown high response rates and durable remissions in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In order to employ this novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of patients with CD19-negative AML, we have constructed a panel of CD33/CD3-bispecific BiTE antibodies and selected MT114 as lead candidate for pre-clinical development for its superior pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties. Its target antigen CD33 (SIGLEC-3) is frequently expressed on AML blasts and leukemic stem cells, and extensive clinical experience has been gained by the CD33-targeting antibodies Mylotarg®, lintuzumab and AVE9633. Here, we report on the biological activities of MT114. MT114 recognized epitopes in the V domain of CD33 and of CD3 epsilon that are conserved between human and macaque antigen, allowing pharmacological and nonclinical safety investigations of the BiTE antibody in macaques as a relevant primate species. MT114-induced redirected lysis of 10 human AML cell lines by unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) at half-maximal concentrations of MT114 between 23 and 328 pg/ml (0.4-7 pM). The 10 AML lines expressed CD33 at 20,000-50,000 molecules/cell. Redirected lysis was specific for CD33-expressing cells, reached completion after 28-h of co-culture, and was effective even at PBMC-to-target ratios of α1:2. MT114 induced the expression of activation markers CD69 and CD25 on T cells and the transient release of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2, -6 and -10 by T cells, but only in the presence of CD33+ target cells. Redirected lysis and T cell activation by MT114 was not affected by up to 100 ng/ml of shed CD33, serum levels of which were found to be associated with AML progression. Neoexpression of CD33 on BiTE-activated T cells did not exceed 8% of total activated T cells when tested with 10 human T cell donors. The BiTE antibody significantly delayed growth of the subcutaneously injected human AML cell line HL60, and induced a robust infiltration of T cells into tumor tissue. MT114 is a highly active novel BiTE antibody with promise for the treatment of AML. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3523. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3523