tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spell-check for a Blighted Fetus
Authors: Ronald W. Pies
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Medicine of the Fetus and Mother Edited by E. Albert Reece, John C. Hobbins, Maurice J. Mahoney, and Roy H. Petrie. 1605 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1992. $145. ISBN 0–397–51013–6 .
Authors: Vanessa A. Barss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
Advances in Stroke Therapy
Authors: Louis R. Caplan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This text reviews the proceedings of a London symposium in the summer of 1981 on the broad topic of stroke, its management and treatment. It is a rich repast of diverse presentations by experts from the United Kingdom, France, the United States, and Canada. The individual presentations are brief and concise, more like hors d'oeuvres than a substantial main course. In general, the writing and editing are of high caliber and most of the papers are up to date, thanks to the rapid appearance of the volume. Particularly noteworthy are the sections on positron emission tomography by Frachowiak and Baron and colleagues, the summary of noninvasive tests by Fields, a review of prior stroke trials by Rose (the editor of the volume) and his colleagues, and reviews of thrombotic tendency and antithrombotic drugs by Mulley and co-workers and Warlow.  There are some less favorable features. As in all symposia, the
Effects of long‐term therapy with ecadotril on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and dilation in dogs with moderate heart failure
Authors: S. Goldstein, M. Tanimura, T. Mishima, G. Suzuki, P. Chaudhry, O. Nass, V.G. Sharov, A. Todor, H.N. Sabbah
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Snuff-Induced Hypertension in Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Michael McPhaul, Henry A. Punzi, Arthur Sandy, Mark Borganelli, Robert Rude, Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The dipping of snuff provoked paroxysmal hypertension that induced myocardial ischemia in a 69-year-old woman with pheochromocytoma. The diagnosis of her tumor was delayed by a report of a falsely low urine metanephrine level, resulting from interference with the metanephrine assay by meglumine present in the urine because of contrast coronary angiography performed on the day of urine collection.
Vascular endothelial growth factors synthesized by human lung mast cells exert angiogenic effects
Authors: Aikaterini Detoraki, Rosaria I. Staiano, Francescopaolo Granata, Giorgio Giannattasio, Nella Prevete, Amato de Paulis, Domenico Ribatti, Arturo Genovese, Massimo Triggiani, Gianni Marone
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
NHS can help foster safe and innovative medical devices, says report
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Two UK academies have called for an overhaul of the way medical devices are assessed for safety and performance in Europe, adding that meaningful trials could be done in the NHS.

The Royal Academy of Engineering and the Academy of Medical Sciences held a round table meeting in January to establish the evidence for assessing medical devices. Included were clinicians, engineers from healthcare, and representatives of the industry, academia, funding agencies, and regulators.

The resulting report is part of the academies’ response to the European Commission’s current revision of the European Union’s regulatory framework for medical devices.1 The legislation governing regulation of devices …
Successful Piezoelectric Lithotripsy of a Common Bile Duct Stone
Authors: J. Weber, M. Esser, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

The "problematic common bile duct stone", which cannot be extracted primarily by routine endoscopic methods is one of the indications for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). We report on the successful piezoelectric lithotripsy of a large common bile duct stone in an 86-year-old patient. Focusing was achieved by ultrasound without problems; the resulting fragments were extracted endoscopically without difficulty. No side effects were observed in this painless piezoelectric lithotripsy.
The Potential Impact of Sexual Equality on Health
Authors: Charles E. Lewis, Mary Ann Lewis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

There are major differences between the sexes in morbidity and mortality rates. At all ages males have higher death rates and are more frequently afflicted with the chronic diseases associated with considerable reductions in longevity. Trend data indicate that males have become relatively more disadvantaged during a period characterized by major advances in medicine and increased access to care. In contrast, rates of disability and use of services are higher among females. There is some evidence that these differences are associated more with behavioral than with biologic factors. Certain shifts in age-specific mortality rates reflect sex-role-related changes in behavior--e.g., increased consumption of tobacco by women and a reversal in sex mortality ratio for cancer of the lung. Changes in sex roles may affect directly, or indirectly through family dynamics, the health status of both sexes.
Distinct Tau Prion Strains Propagate in Cells and Mice and Define Different Tauopathies
Authors: David W. Sanders, Sarah K. Kaufman, Sarah L. DeVos, Apurwa M. Sharma, Hilda Mirbaha, Aimin Li, Scarlett J. Barker, Alex C. Foley, Julian R. Thorpe, Louise C. Serpell, Timothy M. Miller, Lea T. Grinberg, William W. Seeley, Marc I. Diamond
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Aortic stenosis in elderly patients aged 80 or older. Treatment by percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in a series of 92 cases.
Authors: B Letac, A Cribier, R Koning, E Lefebvre
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Very elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis will probably benefit from percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. Ninety-two patients, aged 80 or older (mean age, 84 +/- 3.7 years) and all severely incapacitated (18 with an associated pathologic condition or in critical condition with terminal heart failure), underwent a valvuloplasty procedure. Femoral access was used in all cases except seven (8%), in whom the femoral route had to be abandoned and the brachial approach was used due to severe arterial tortuosity. Peak-to-peak ventriculoaortic gradient decreased from 71 +/- 27 to 27 +/- 15 mm Hg, and the aortic valve area increased from 0.48 +/- 0.16 to 0.91 +/- 0.35 cm2 (p less than 0.01). Thirty-two percent had a postprocedure aortic valve area more than or equal to 1 cm2. The final valve area was less than or equal to 0.7 cm2 in 30% of the patients. There were three deaths (ages, 82, 92, and 98 years) in the procedure room. One stroke occurred 1 day after the procedure. Hematoma or thrombosis at the femoral puncture site was observed in 14 cases (15%), requiring surgical repair in only five cases. Three patients died in the hospital; the total in-hospital mortality was 6.5%. Among the 62 patients about whom information could be obtained at a mean follow-up interval of 13 +/- 5 months, there were 18 late deaths (mean age, 85 +/- 11 years). The majority of the surviving 44 patients experienced marked symptomatic improvement. The results indicate that balloon valvuloplasty can be offered to very elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis and can produce improvement in hemodynamic and clinical status.
Adiponectin Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced Vascular Inflammatory Response via Caveolin-Mediated Ceramidase Recruitment and Activation
Authors: Yajing Wang, Xiaoliang Wang, Wayne Bond Lau, Yuexing Yuan, David Booth, Jing-Jing Li, Rosario Scalia, Kyle Preston, Erhe Gao, Walter Koch, Xin-Liang Ma
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Anti-inflammatory and vascular protective actions of adiponectin are well recognized. However, many fundamental questions remain unanswered.The current study attempted to identify the adiponectin receptor subtype responsible for adiponectin's vascular protective action and investigate the role of ceramidase activation in adiponectin anti-inflammatory signaling.Adiponectin significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and attenuated TNFα-induced oxidative/nitrative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These anti-inflammatory actions were virtually abolished by adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1-), but not AdipoR2-, knockdown (KD). Treatment with adiponectin significantly increased neutral ceramidase (nCDase) activity (3.7-fold; P<0.01). AdipoR1-KD markedly reduced globular adiponectin-induced nCDase activation, whereas AdipoR2-KD only slightly reduced. More importantly, small interfering RNA-mediated nCDase-KD markedly blocked the effect of adiponectin on TNFα-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. AMP-activated protein kinase-KD failed to block adiponectin-induced nCDase activation and modestly inhibited adiponectin anti-inflammatory effect. In contrast, in caveolin-1 KD (Cav1-KD) cells, >87% of adiponectin-induced nCDase activation was lost. Whereas adiponectin treatment failed to inhibit TNFα-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate or SEW (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist) remained effective in Cav1-KD cells. AdipoR1 and Cav1 colocalized and coprecipitated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Adiponectin treatment did not affect this interaction. There is weak basal Cav1/nCDase interaction, which significantly increased after adiponectin treatment. Knockout of AdipoR1 or Cav1 abolished the inhibitory effect of adiponectin on leukocyte rolling and adhesion in vivo.These results demonstrate for the first time that adiponectin inhibits TNFα-induced inflammatory response via Cav1-mediated ceramidase recruitment and activation in an AdipoR1-dependent fashion.
Prospective Study of Placental Angiogenic Factors and Maternal Vascular Function Before and After Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension
Authors: Muna Noori, Ann E. Donald, Aspasia Angelakopoulou, Aroon D. Hingorani, David J. Williams
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Preeclampsia is a life-threatening pregnancy syndrome of uncertain origin. To elucidate the pathogenesis, we evaluated the temporal relationships between changes in vascular function and circulating biomarkers of angiogenic activity before and after the onset of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Methods and Results— Maternal mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, and serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), and soluble endoglin were prospectively measured in 159 women from 10 weeks gestation until 12 weeks postpartum. At 10 to 17 weeks, women who developed preterm preeclampsia had lower serum PlGF ( P =0.003), higher soluble endoglin ( P =0.006), and higher sFlt-1:PlGF ratio ( P =0.005) compared with women who later developed term preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, or normotensive pregnancy. At 10 to 17 weeks, mean arterial pressure inversely correlated with serum PlGF ( r =−0.19, P =0.02); at 18 to 25 weeks, with soluble endoglin ( r =0.18, P =0.02); and at 26 to 33 weeks, with sFlt-1 ( r =0.28, P &lt;0.001). At 23 to 25 weeks, uterine artery pulsatility index correlated with serum soluble endoglin ( r =0.19, P =0.02) and sFlt-1 levels ( r =0.17, P =0.03). Flow-mediated dilatation was higher during a pregnancy with gestational hypertension compared with preeclampsia ( P =0.001). Twelve weeks postpartum, serum PlGF was higher in women who had a hypertensive pregnancy compared with a normotensive pregnancy ( P &lt;0.001). Conclusions— These observations support a role for placenta-derived angiogenic biomarkers in the control of maternal vascular resistance of preeclampsia. Gestational hypertension develops differently, with a hyperdynamic circulation and angiogenic biomarker profile similar to normotensive pregnancy. Larger studies of unselected women are needed to ascertain whether measures of these angiogenic biomarkers assist with the prediction and prognosis of preeclampsia and whether postpartum measures of serum PlGF have a role in predicting future cardiovascular disease.
Hamstring <i>v</i> patellar tendon autografts: A patient's and clinician's perspective
Authors: Sanjay Purkayastha
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—As a patient who has had a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, I agree with Biau et al's findings that anterior knee pain can be troublesome at times.1 Biau et al also emphasise the …
Recovery of Platelet Function After Discontinuation of Prasugrel or Clopidogrel Maintenance Dosing in Aspirin-Treated Patients With Stable Coronary Disease
Authors: Matthew J. Price, James S. Walder, Brian A. Baker, Darell E. Heiselman, Joseph A. Jakubowski, Douglas K. Logan, Kenneth J. Winters, Wei Li, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
“Pseudocavitation” in Thymic Carcinoma During Treatment with Sunitinib
Authors: Marcello Tiseo, Arun Rajan, Anish Thomas, Giuseppe Giaccone
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)

A 45-year-old man with stage IVA thymic carcinoma was enrolled on a phase II study of sunitinib (50 mg daily)1A Phase 2 Study of Sunitinib in Patients with Advanced Relapsed or Refractory Thymoma or Thymic Carcinoma with at Least One Prior Line of Platinum-Based Systemic Chemotherapy. NCT01621568. www.clinicaltrials.govGoogle Scholar 4 weeks after disease progression on first-line chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and belinostat.2A Phase 1/2 Study of PXD101 (Belinostat) in Combination With Cisplatin, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide in the First Line Treatment of Advanced or Recurrent Thymic, Malignancies. NCT01100944. www.clinicaltrials.govGoogle Scholar Molecular profiling of the tumor revealed only a p53 gene mutation (c-Kit was wild type).3Pilot Trial of Molecular Profiling and Targeted Therapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer, and Thymic Malignancies. NCT01306045. www.clinicaltrials.govGoogle Scholar Baseline chest computed tomography, before sunitinib, showed a mediastinal mass with compression of the proximal right main pulmonary artery (Fig. 1A) and direct invasion of pericardium. Three weeks after initiation of sunitinib, the patient reported increased left shoulder pain, cough, nausea, vomiting, and a palpable soft and fluctuating lesion measuring 2 cm in size overlying the sternum. A new computed tomography scan (Fig. 1B–D) showed an increase in the size of the mediastinal mass, which now included air (Fig. 1B–D, asterisk), air-fluid levels (Fig. 1B, D, arrow), dissection in the anterior chest wall with subcutaneous air (Fig. 1C, double arrow), and a large left pleural effusion (Fig. 1B–D). Sunitinib was discontinued, and a thoracentesis was performed to remove a liter of straw-colored fluid. Considering disease progression with tumor necrosis and superimposed infection with the possibility of bronchocutaneous fistula, antibiotic therapy was started. Subsequently, the patient's clinical condition deteriorated rapidly with development of right ventricular heart failure, and he died 2 weeks later. The autopsy revealed massive neoplastic infiltration of the heart and great vessels, including the pulmonary artery and left lung, with abundant tumor necrosis, most likely related to rapid progression of disease rather than antiangiogenesis effects of sunitinib. This represents an unusual finding in a patient with an aggressive thymic carcinoma.
Hepatocyte transplantation in rats with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Naoya Kobayashi, Masahiro Ito, Junta Nakamura, Jin Cai, Chen Gao, James M. Hammel, Ira J. Fox
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Hepatocyte transplantation improves the survival of laboratory animals with experimentally induced acute liver failure and the physiological abnormalities associated with liver-based metabolic deficiencies. The role of hepatocyte transplantation in treating decompensated liver cirrhosis, however, has not been studied in depth. To address this issue, cirrhosis was induced using phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride (CCL(4)) and animals were studied only when evidence of liver failure did not improve when CCL(4) was held for 4 weeks. Animals received intrasplenic transplantation of syngeneic rat hepatocytes (G1); intraperitoneal transplantation of syngeneic rat hepatocytes (G2); intraperitoneal transplantation of a cellular homogenate of syngeneic rat hepatocytes (G3); intraperitoneal transplantation of syngeneic rat bone marrow cells (G4); or intrasplenic injection of Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) (G5). After transplantation, body weight and serum albumin levels deteriorated over time in all control (G2-G5) animals but did not deteriorate in animals receiving intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation (G1) (P <.01). Prothrombin time (PT), total bilirubin, serum ammonia, and hepatic encephalopathy score were also significantly improved toward normal in animals receiving intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation (P <. 01). More importantly, survival was prolonged after a single infusion of hepatocytes and a second infusion prolonged survival from 15 to 128 days (P <.01). Thus, hepatocyte transplantation can improve liver function and prolong the survival of rats with irreversible, decompensated cirrhosis and may be useful in the treatment of cirrhosis in humans.
Abstract LB-234: Aptamer-prodrugs for targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Matthew Levy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Many current cancer therapy drugs are severely hindered in efficiency due to issues of specificity and targeting. We aim to improve the efficacy of these drugs by linking or incorporating them directly to non-immunogenic targeting molecules called aptamers. These aptamers would guide drugs to tumor sites thereby limiting off-target effects and toxicity. As initial targets, we have developed aptamer-prodrugs directed against the cancer markers prostate membrane specific antigen (PSMA) and human transferrin receptor (hTfR). These constructs are capable of binding and internalizing specifically into target cells, but not into non-target cells in tissue culture. We are currently testing the cancer-specific toxicity of several FDA-approved cancer drugs delivered to cells via these aptamers. Additionally, we are developing approaches to directly identify tumor homing RNAs. These molecules will similarly be adapted for drug delivery. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-234. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-234
Changes in glutathione homeostasis during liver regeneration in the rat
Authors: Zong-Zhi Huang, Hongyan Li, Jiaxin Cai, John Kuhlenkamp, Neil Kaplowitz, Shelly C. Lu
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

We have shown previously that plating primary cultures of rat hepatocytes under low density, which stimulates hepatocytes to shift from the G0 to the G1 phase of the cell cycle, resulted in increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and cysteine, and increased activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis (Lu et al., Am. J. Physiol. 1992;263:C1181-C1189). In the current work we examined changes in GSH homeostasis after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH). Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent two-thirds PH or sham operation. GSH, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), cysteine, GSH efflux, DNA synthesis, changes in GCS subunit messenger RNA (mRNA), and protein levels were measured 12 and 24 hours after PH. Both liver GSH and cysteine levels were doubled at 12 hours and remained elevated at 24 hours after PH. GSSG levels also increased, but the ratio of GSH to GSSG levels remained unchanged. The increase in GSH and cysteine levels preceded the increase in DNA synthesis. Sinusoidal GSH efflux was unchanged after two-thirds PH, but biliary GSH efflux decreased. However, total GSH efflux was minimally altered after two-thirds PH. The increase in GSH can be largely accounted for by the increase in both cysteine availability and the activity of GCS. The steady-state mRNA and protein levels of the GCS heavy subunit were increased at 12 hours after PH. The mRNA level of the GCS light subunit was unchanged. In summary, early in the course of liver regeneration the steady-state hepatic GSH levels double because of an increase in the biosynthesis of GSH.
Letter by Sharma et al Regarding Article, “Impact of the Presence and Extent of Incomplete Angiographic Revascularization After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy (ACUITY) Trial”
Authors: Abhishek Sharma, Robert Frankel, Gerald Hollander
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Updates from the British Association of Dermatologists 86th Annual Meeting, 4?7 July 2006, Manchester, U.K.
Authors: A. Birnie, S. Langan, J.S.C. English, D.J. Eedy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Here we provide a synopsis of the main clinical and research advances in clinical, epidemiological and biological dermatology that were presented at the meeting of the British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) held during 4-7 July 2006, in Manchester, U.K. Only the more important advances or summaries of findings are mentioned. The meeting was held at the Manchester International Conference Centre (Fig. 1). The annual dinner was held at Manchester Town Hall, in the Great Hall decorated with magnificent murals by Ford Madox Brown, with Dr Susan Burge as host.
Acute nifedipine withdrawal: Consequences of preoperative and late cessation of therapy in patients with prior unstable angina
Authors: Sidney O. Gottlieb, Pamela Ouyang, Stephen C. Achuff, Kenneth L. Baughman, Thomas A. Traill, E. David Mellits, Myron L. Weisfeldt, Gary Gerstenblith
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)