tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depression and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality: Evidence From the EPIC-Norfolk United Kingdom Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Paul G. Surtees, Nicholas W.J. Wainwright, Robert N. Luben, Nicholas J. Wareham, Sheila A. Bingham, Kay-Tee Khaw
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)

The authors investigated the association between major depressive disorder, including its clinical course, and mortality from ischemic heart disease.This was a prospective cohort study of 8,261 men and 11,388 women 41-80 years of age who were free of clinical manifestations of heart disease and participated in the Norfolk, U.K., cohort of the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer. The authors conducted a cross-sectional assessment of major depressive disorder during the period 1996-2000 and ascertained subsequent deaths from ischemic heart disease through linkage with data from the U.K. Office for National Statistics.As of July 31, 2006, 274 deaths from ischemic heart disease were recorded over a total follow-up of 162,974 person-years (the median follow-up period was 8.5 years). Participants who had major depression during the year preceding baseline assessment were 2.7 times more likely to die from ischemic heart disease over the follow-up period than those who did not, independently of age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, physical activity, body mass index, diabetes, social class, heavy alcohol use, and antidepressant medication use. This association remained after exclusion of the first 6 years of follow-up data. Consideration of measures of major depression history (including recency of onset, recurrence, chronicity, and age at first onset) revealed recency of onset to be associated most strongly with ischemic heart disease mortality.Major depression was associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease mortality. The association was independent of established risk factors for ischemic heart disease and remained undiminished several years after the original assessment.
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli detected by 16-plex PCR in children with and without diarrhoea in Burkina Faso
Authors: I.J.O. Bonkoungou, T. Lienemann, O. Martikainen, R. Dembelé, I. Sanou, A.S. Traoré, A. Siitonen, N. Barro, K. Haukka
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Skeletal muscle fibre-type shifting and metabolic profile in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: H.R. Gosker, H. van Mameren, P.J. van Dijk, M.P.K.J. Engelen, G.J. van der Vusse, E.F.M. Wouters, A.M.W.J. Schols
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

The aim of this study was to examine the nature of fibre-type redistribution in relation to fibre metabolic profile in the vastus lateralis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD subtypes. Fifteen COPD patients (eight with emphysema stratified by high-resolution computed tomography) and 15 healthy control subjects were studied. A combination of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase staining and immunohistochemistry was used to identify pure, as well as hybrid fibre types. For oxidative capacity, fibres were stained for cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase activities, and glycogen phosphorylase for glycolytic capacity. The proportion of type‐I fibres in COPD patients was markedly lower (16% versus 42%), especially in emphysema, and the proportion of hybrid fibres was higher (29% versus 16%) compared to controls. The proportion of fibres staining positive for oxidative enzymes was lower in COPD patients, which correlated with the proportion of type‐I fibres. In COPD oxidative capacity was lower within IIA fibres. The authors conclude that fibre-type transitions are involved in the fibre-type redistribution in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Low oxidative capacity is closely related to the proportion of type‐I fibres, but an additional reduction of oxidative enzyme activity is present within IIA fibres. Fibre-type abnormalities may be aggravated in emphysema.
Nocturnal hypoxaemia and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.
Authors: W Cormick, L G Olson, M J Hensley, N A Saunders
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Fifty patients with chronic obstructive lung disease were questioned about their sleep quality and their responses were compared with those of 40 similarly aged patients without symptomatic lung disease. Patients with chronic obstructive lung disease reported more difficulty in getting to sleep and staying asleep and more daytime sleepiness than the control group. More than twice as many patients (28%) as controls (10%) reported regular use of hypnotics. In a subgroup of 16 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (mean FEV1 0.88 (SD 0.44) sleep, breathing, and oxygenation were measured to examine the relationship between night time hypoxaemia and sleep quality. Sleep architecture was disturbed in most patients, arousals occurring from three to 46 times an hour (mean 15 (SD 14)/h). Arterial hypoxaemia during sleep was common and frequently severe. The mean (SD) arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) at the onset of sleep was 91% (7%). Nine patients spent at least 40% of cumulative sleeping time at an SaO2 of less than 90% and six of these patients spent 90% of sleeping time below this level. Only four of 15 patients did not develop arterial desaturation during sleep. The mean minimum SaO2 during episodes of desaturation was less in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (72% (17%)) than in non-REM sleep (78% (10%), p less than 0.05). The predominant breathing abnormality associated with desaturation was hypoventilation; only one patient had obstructive sleep apnoea. Arousals were related to oxygenation during sleep such that the poorer a patient9s arterial oxygenation throughout the night the more disturbed his sleep (arousals/h v SaO2 at or below which 40% of the total sleep time was spent: r = 0.71, p less than 0.01). Hypoxaemia during sleep was related to waking values of SaO2 and PaCO2 but not to other daytime measures of lung function.
Regulatory role of IL10 genetic variations in determining allergen-induced TH2 cytokine responses in children
Authors: Catherine M. Hayden, Guicheng Zhang, Parveenjeet K. Judge, Siew-Kim Khoo, Ingrid A. Laing, Stephen W. Turner, Jack Goldblatt, Patrick G. Holt, Peter N. Le Souëf
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Impact of preleukapheresis cell counts on collection results and correlation of progenitor-cell dose with engraftment after high-dose chemotherapy in patients with germ cell cancer.
Authors: N Schwella, J Beyer, I Schwaner, H G Heuft, O Rick, D Huhn, S Serke, W Siegert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

To identify predictive factors for a good leukapheresis yield and to determine peripheral-blood progenitor cell (PBPC) dose requirements for rapid hematopoietic engraftment.Seventy-one patients with germ cell cancer (GCC) underwent PBPC harvest for autologous transplantation following high-dose therapy. Aphereses were performed after chemotherapy during granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration.A median of two aphereses (range, two to five) resulted in 4.6 x 10(8) mononuclear cells (MNC)/kg, 15.7 x 10(4) colony-stimulating units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)/kg, and 6.0 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg. Peripheral blood MNC count correlated significantly with number of harvested CD34+ cells per kilogram (r = .49; P < .0001) and with CFU-GM count per kilogram (r = .35; P < .002). Circulating CD34+ cells from peripheral blood gave the best correlations to collected CD34+ cells per kilogram (r = .92; P < .0001), as well as to harvested CFU-GM per kilogram (r = .48; P < .0001). A preleukapheresis number of CD34+ cells greater than 4 x 10(4)/mL was highly predictive for a PBPC collection yield that contained more than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg harvested by a single leukapheresis. After autologous transplantation, 41 patients were assessable for hematopoietic engraftment. They engrafted in a median time of 9 days (range, 7 to 18) to a WBC count greater than 1.0 x 10(9)/L, 10 days (range, 7 to 18) to an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/L, and 11 days (range, 7 to 62) to a platelet (PLT) count greater than 20 x 10(9)/L. Good correlations were seen between reinfused CD34+ cell count and recovery of WBC count, ANC, and PLT count, with r values of .65 (P < .001), .65 (P < .001), and .45 (P < .03), respectively. Patients reinfused with a PBPC dose greater than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg recovered hematopoiesis in a significantly shorter time than patients who received less than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg.Rapid hematopoietic engraftment can be achieved by a PBPC dose of greater than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg. When circulating preleukapheresis CD34+ cell counts are greater than 4 x 10(4)/mL, a PBPC autograft that contains more than 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg can be collected by a single leukapheresis.
Combined Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and MDM2 by Gefitinib and Antisense MDM2 Cooperatively Inhibit Hormone-Independent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Roberto Bianco, Roberta Caputo, Rosa Caputo, Vincenzo Damiano, Sabino De Placido, Corrado Ficorella, Sudhir Agrawal, A. Raffaele Bianco, Fortunato Ciardiello, Giampaolo Tortora
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may play a relevant role in the progression, hormone therapy resistance, and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. Also MDM2, a negative p53 regulator that interacts with retinoblastoma (Rb), E2F, p19arf and the ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) cascade plays an important role in prostate cancer progression and prognosis. On the basis of the EGFR and MDM2 role in integrating signaling pathways critical for prostate cancer progression, we investigated whether their selective combined blockade may have a cooperative antitumor effect in prostate cancer. For this purpose, we have used the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (ZD1839, Iressa) and a second generation hybrid oligonucleotide antisense MDM2 (AS-MDM2), respectively. Experimental Design: Gefitinib and AS-MDM2 were administered to hormone-refractory and hormone-dependent human prostate cancer cells in vitro and to mice bearing tumor xenografts, evaluating the effects on growth, apoptosis, and protein expression, in vitro and in vivo. Results: We demonstrated that the combination of gefitinib and AS-MDM2 synergistically inhibits the growth of hormone-independent prostate cancer cells in vitro. This effect is accompanied by the inhibition of MDM2, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), phosphorylated MAPK (pMAPK), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and by Rb hypophosphorylation. The combination of the two agents in nude mice bearing the same hormone-independent tumors caused a potent cooperative antitumor effect. Tumor samples analysis confirmed the inhibition of MDM2, pAkt, pMAPK, VEGF, and basic fibroblast growth factor expression. Conclusions: This study shows that EGFR and MDM2 play a critical role in the growth of prostate cancer, especially hormone-dependent, and that their combined blockade by gefitinib and AS-MDM2 causes a cooperative antitumor effect, supporting the clinical development of this therapeutic strategy.
Corrigendum to: NecroX-5 prevents hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by inhibiting the mitochondrial calcium uniporter
Authors: V. T. Thu, H.-K. Kim, L. T. Long, S.-R. Lee, T. M. Hanh, T. H. Ko, H.-J. Heo, N. Kim, S. H. Kim, K. S. Ko, B. D. Rhee, J. Han
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)
Efficacy of short-term prednisolone treatment in patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Authors: Yoshiyuki Oyama, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Dai Hashimoto, Noriyuki Enomoto, Yutaro Nakamura, Naoki Inui, Shigeki Kuroishi, Koshi Yokomura, Mikio Toyoshima, Takashi Yamada, Toshihiro Shirai, Masafumi Masuda, Kazumasa Yasuda, Hiroshi Hayakawa, Kingo Chida, Takafumi Suda
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

In patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP), dramatic improvements are seen in response to corticosteroid therapy; however, relapse is common after treatment has ceased. The optimal duration of corticosteroid therapy remains unclear. In a randomised, open-label, parallel group study, eligible patients with CEP received oral prednisolone for either 3 months (3-month group) or 6 months (6-month group), followed by 2 years observation. All patients were treated with an initial dose of prednisolone of 0.5 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), which was then tapered and discontinued at either 3 or 6 months. The primary end-point was relapse during the follow-up period. In the final analysis, there were 23 patients in the 3-month group and 21 patients in the 6-month group. All patients showed a good response to prednisolone treatment. There were 12 (52.1%) relapses in the 3-month group and 13 (61.9%) relapses in the 6-month group. No significant difference was found in the cumulative rate of relapse (p=0.56). All relapse cases showed improvement upon resumption of prednisolone treatment. No difference was observed in the rate of relapse between the 3- and 6-month prednisolone treatment groups for patients with CEP.
Complete Regression of Advanced Primary and Metastatic Mouse Melanomas following Combination Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Judith Kohlmeyer, Mira Cron, Jennifer Landsberg, Tobias Bald, Marcel Renn, Sandra Mikus, Sandra Bondong, Diana Wikasari, Evelyn Gaffal, Gunther Hartmann, Thomas Tüting
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract The development of therapeutic strategies which induce effective cellular antitumor immunity represents an important goal in cancer immunology. Here, we used the unique features of the genetically engineered Hgf-Cdk4R24C mouse model to identify a combination chemoimmunotherapy for melanoma. These mice develop primary cutaneous melanomas which grow progressively and metastasize in the absence of immunogenic foreign proteins such as oncogenes or antigens. Primary and metastatic tumors evade innate and adaptive immune defenses, although they naturally express melanocytic antigens which can be recognized by antigen-specific T cells. We found that primary melanomas continued to grow despite infiltration with adoptively transferred, in vivo–activated, tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. To promote tumor immune defense, we developed a treatment protocol consisting of four complementary components: (a) chemotherapeutic preconditioning prior to (b) adoptive lymphocyte transfer and (c) viral vaccination followed by (d) adjuvant peritumoral injections of immunostimulatory nucleic acids. Lymphocyte ablation and innate antiviral immune stimulation cooperatively enhanced the expansion and the effector cell differentiation of adoptively transferred lymphocytes. The efficacy of the different treatment approaches converged in the tumor microenvironment and induced a strong cytotoxic inflammatory response enabling preferential recognition and destruction of melanoma cells. This combination chemoimmunotherapy caused complete regression of advanced primary melanomas in the skin and metastases in the lung with minimal autoimmune side effects. Our results in a clinically highly relevant experimental model provide a scientific rationale to evaluate similar strategies which unleash the power of innate and adaptive immune defense in future clinical trials. [Cancer Res 2009;69(15):6265–74]
Roflumilast with long-acting 2-agonists for COPD: influence of exacerbation history
Authors: E. D. Bateman, K. F. Rabe, P. M. A. Calverley, U. M. Goehring, M. Brose, D. Bredenbroker, L. M. Fabbri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The oral, selective phosphodiesterase type-4 inhibitor roflumilast reduces exacerbations and improves lung function in patients with severe-to-very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the efficacy and safety of roflumilast used concomitantly with long-acting β<sub>2</sub>-agonists (LABAs) to reduce exacerbations, and the influence of exacerbation history. Pooled data were analysed from two 12-month, placebo-controlled roflumilast (500 μg once daily) studies involving 3,091 patients with severe-to-very severe COPD. Approximately half of patients used concomitant LABAs; 39% used concomitant short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMAs); 27% were frequent exacerbators (two or more exacerbations per year). Roflumilast reduced the rate of moderate or severe exacerbations, with LABA (rate ratio (RR) 0.79, 95% CI 0.69–0.91; p=0.001) or without LABA (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74–0.99; p=0.039) and prolonged time both to first (p=0.035 with LABA, p=0.300 without LABA) and second (p=0.018 with LABA, p=0.049 without LABA) exacerbations. Frequent exacerbators experienced a reduction in moderate or severe exacerbations (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.91; p=0.002). Similarly, roflumilast remained effective with concomitant SAMA. No differences arose in adverse events between these subgroups. Roflumilast may be used to reduce exacerbations and improve dyspnoea and lung function, without increasing adverse events in COPD patients receiving concomitant LABAs.
Transforming Growth Factor-β Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Is Independent of Smad2 and Smad3 and Regulates Fibroblast Responses via p21-Activated Kinase-2
Authors: Mark C. Wilkes, Hugh Mitchell, Sumedha Gulati Penheiter, Jules J. Doré, Kaori Suzuki, Maryanne Edens, Deepak K. Sharma, Richard E. Pagano, Edward B. Leof
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) stimulates cellular proliferation and transformation to a myofibroblast phenotype in vivo and in a subset of fibroblast cell lines. As the Smad pathway is activated by TGF-β in essentially all cell types, it is unlikely to be the sole mediator of cell type–specific outcomes to TGF-β stimulation. In the current study, we determined that TGF-β receptor signaling activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in several fibroblast but not epithelial cultures independently of Smad2 and Smad3. PI3K activation occurs in the presence of dominant-negative dynamin and is required for p21-activated kinase-2 kinase activity and the increased proliferation and morphologic change induced by TGF-β in vitro.
InterSCOPE Study: Associations Between Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Human Papillomavirus Serological Markers
Authors: F. Sitas, S. Egger, M. I. Urban, P. R. Taylor, C. C. Abnet, P. Boffetta, D. L. O'Connell, D. C. Whiteman, P. Brennan, R. Malekzadeh, M. Pawlita, S. M. Dawsey, T. Waterboer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2012)

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the causation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is unclear. We examined the associations between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 28 centrally measured HPV serological markers in serum from six existing case–control studies conducted in regions with differing background risks of esophageal cancer. We used centralized multiplex serology to test serum samples from 1561 case subjects and 2502 control subjects from six case–control studies for antibodies to the major HPV capsid protein (L1) and/or the early proteins E6 and/or E7 of eight high-risk, two low-risk, and four cutaneous HPV types. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking, alcohol consumption, and other potential confounders. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using either a linear mixed-effects approach or a joint fixed-effects approach. All statistical tests were two-sided. We found statistically significant associations between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and antibodies to E6 for HPV16 (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.09 to 3.29, P = .023) and HPV6 (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.51 to 4.25, P < .001) but not for other tested HPV types. There were no statistically significant associations between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and antibodies to E7 for any of the tested HPV types. Simultaneous seropositivity for HPV16 E6 and E7 was rare (four case subjects, two control subjects; OR = 5.57, 95% CI = 0.90 to 34.35; P = .064). We also found statistically significant associations between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and capsid antibodies for the high-risk mucosal type HPV33 L1 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.69; P = .047) and the low-risk mucosal types HPV6 (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.42; P = .010) and HPV11 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.56, P = .0036). We found limited serological evidence of an association between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and HPV in the populations studied. Although HPV does not appear to be an important risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, we cannot exclude the possibility that certain HPV types may be involved in a small subset of cancers.
A prospective cohort study on physical activity and sports-related injuries in 10–12-year-old children
Authors: E Verhagen, D Collard, M Chin A Paw, W van Mechelen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

To describe the incidence and severity of injuries resulting from physical education, sports and leisure time physical activity (PA) in 10-12-year-old children.This was a prospective cohort study conducted in primary schools, with 995 children aged 10-12 years old as participants. Individual weekly exposure was estimated from baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Exposure to physical education (PE) classes was equal in all schools. An injury was recorded if it occurred during either PE class, leisure time PA, or sports, and caused the child to at least stop the current activity. Injuries were reported within 1 week of injury onset. The main outcome measure was injury incidence density.During the school year a total of 119 injuries were reported by 104 children, resulting in an overall injury incidence density (ID) of 0.48 per 1000 h of exposure (95% CI 0.38 to 0.57). Injury ID was lowest for leisure time PA, followed by PE and sports, respectively. Of all injuries, 40% required medical treatment and 14% resulted in 1 or more days of absence from regular school activities. In general for girls a higher injury ID was reported than for boys, mainly caused by a twofold higher risk during leisure time PA.Next to specific areas of preventive interest it was found that in this specific age group, girls require special attention as they seem to be at higher injury risk than boys.
Lateral-Flexion Neck Injuries in Athletic Competition
Authors: O. Donald Chrisman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Neck injuries are infrequent in college athletes compared to extremity injuries but are especially important because of their serious potential. Schneider<sup>1</sup>has discussed the possibility of fatal outcome from cervical hyperextension in football, when the face bar of the helmet is used as a lever to force the head backward. In our experience, a more common injury is a lateral neck sprain, the so-called nerve pinch in trainers' terminology. The typical injury is a blow on the side of the head, with immediate pain from the base of the neck to the hand, prickly paresthesia of the whole arm, and inability to move the extremity. Within a few minutes, this set of sensations disappears, leaving a dull ache in the neck and shoulder of the affected side. Within a few more minutes, the injured player is seeking and often obtains permission to return to the game. Only later does