tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized Clinical Trial of Supervised Tapering and Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Facilitate Benzodiazepine Discontinuation in Older Adults With Chronic Insomnia
Authors: Charles M. Morin, Célyne Bastien, Bernard Guay, Monelly Radouco-Thomas, Jacinthe Leblanc, Annie Vallières
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a supervised benzodiazepine taper, singly and combined with cognitive behavior therapy, for benzodiazepine discontinuation in older adults with chronic insomnia.Seventy-six older adult outpatients (38 women, 38 men; mean age of 62.5 years) with chronic insomnia and prolonged use (mean duration of 19.3 years) of benzodiazepine medication for sleep were randomly assigned for a 10-week intervention consisting of a supervised benzodiazepine withdrawal program (N=25), cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (N=24), or supervised withdrawal plus cognitive behavior therapy (N=27). Follow-up assessments were conducted at 3 and 12 months. The main outcome measures were benzodiazepine use, sleep parameters, and anxiety and depressive symptoms.All three interventions produced significant reductions in both the quantity (90% reduction) and frequency (80% reduction) of benzodiazepine use, and 63% of the patients were drug-free within an average of 7 weeks. More patients who received medication taper plus cognitive behavior therapy (85%) were benzodiazepine-free after the initial intervention, compared to those who received medication taper alone (48%) and cognitive behavior therapy alone (54%). The patients in the two groups that received cognitive behavior therapy perceived greater subjective sleep improvements than those who received medication taper alone. Polysomnographic data showed an increase in the amount of time spent in stages 3 and 4 sleep and REM sleep and a decrease in total sleep time across all three conditions from baseline to posttreatment. Initial benzodiazepine reductions were well maintained up to the 12-month follow-up, and sleep improvements became more noticeable over this period. No significant withdrawal symptoms or adverse events were associated with benzodiazepine tapering.A structured, time-limited intervention is effective in assisting chronic users of benzodiazepine medication to discontinue or reduce their use of medication. The addition of cognitive behavior therapy alleviates insomnia, but sleep improvements may become noticeable only after several months of benzodiazepine abstinence.
Socioeconomic inequalities in outcome of pregnancy and neonatal mortality associated with congenital anomalies: population based study
Authors: L. K. Smith, J. L. S. Budd, D. J. Field, E. S. Draper
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objectives</b> To investigate socioeconomic inequalities in outcome of pregnancy and neonatal mortality associated with congenital anomalies. <b>Design</b> Retrospective population based registry study. <b>Setting</b> East Midlands and South Yorkshire regions of England (representing about 10% of births in England and Wales). <b>Participants</b> All registered cases of nine selected congenital anomalies with poor prognostic outcome audited as part of the United Kingdom’s fetal anomaly screening programme with an end of pregnancy date between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2007. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Socioeconomic variation in the risk of selected congenital anomalies; outcome of pregnancy; incidence of live birth and neonatal mortality over time. Deprivation measured with the index of multiple deprivation 2004 at super output area level. <b>Results</b> There were 1579 fetuses registered with one of the nine selected congenital anomalies. There was no evidence of variation in the overall risk of these anomalies with deprivation (rate ratio for the most deprived 10th with the least deprived 10th: 1.05, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.23). The rate ratio varied with type of anomaly and maternal age (deprivation rate ratio adjusted for maternal age: 1.43 (1.17 to 1.74) for non-chromosomal anomalies; 0.85 (0.63 to 1.15) for chromosomal anomalies). Of the nine anomalies, 86% were detected in the antenatal period, and there was no evidence that this varied with deprivation (rate ratio 0.99, 0.84 to 1.17). The rate of termination after antenatal diagnosis of a congenital anomaly was lower in the most deprived areas compared with the least deprived areas (63% <i>v</i> 79%; rate ratio 0.80, 0.65 to 0.97). Consequently there were significant socioeconomic inequalities in the rate of live birth and neonatal mortality associated with the presence of any of these nine anomalies. Compared with the least deprived areas, the most deprived areas had a 61% higher rate of live births (1.61, 1.21 to 2.15) and a 98% higher neonatal mortality rate (1.98, 1.20 to 3.27) associated with a congenital anomaly. <b>Conclusions</b> Antenatal screening for congenital anomalies has reduced neonatal mortality through termination of pregnancy. Socioeconomic variation in decisions regarding termination of pregnancy after antenatal detection, however, has resulted in wide socioeconomic inequalities in liveborn infants with a congenital anomaly and subsequent neonatal mortality.
Use of Physicians' Assistants in the Delivery of Medical Care
Authors: E A Stead
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1971)

,clinical psychologists, technicians of all kinds and occupational therapists in their traditional roles. It will cover only those developments in which nUrses are assuming functions traditionally reserved in our culture for doctors, or where new programs are training various types of assistants to perform functions traditionally reserved for doctors. The medical profession, the colleges and high schools, the medical schools and medical centers, the lay public and governmental funding agen­ cies have all accepted the premise that doctors are, and will be for a number of years , in short supply. The nation is ready and able to purchase a larger quantity ot personal health services. These services should be of high qual­ ity and low unit cost. Two types of programs are being developed: 1. Upgrade the educati on and functions of the nurse so that under the di­ rection of a doctor she can carry out functions currently being per­ formed only by doctors. 2. Train new categories· of persons who can become members of the physi­ cian's health team. Both these programs envision that the new personnel will engage in what is currently the diagnosis and practice of medicine. The pediatric nurse practitioner, the coronary care nurse specialist, the inhalation thera­ pist, the physician's assistant are being taught to carry out functions which in the past have been performed only by physicians. In a few states, these functions have been legalized by changes in the medical practice art. In a majority of states, they are functioning with the tacit approval of the medi­ cal profession, because no one has a better solution to the needs of the pub­ lic. UPGRADE THE FUNCTION OF THE NURSE NURSE CLINICS
Human Atherosclerotic Plaque Alternative Macrophages Display Low Cholesterol Handling but High Phagocytosis Because of Distinct Activities of the PPARγ and LXRα Pathways
Authors: Giulia Chinetti-Gbaguidi, Morgane Baron, Mohamed Amine Bouhlel, Jonathan Vanhoutte, Corinne Copin, Yasmine Sebti, Bruno Derudas, Thérèse Mayi, Gael Bories, Anne Tailleux, Stephane Haulon, Christophe Zawadzki, Brigitte Jude, Bart Staels
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Rationale: A crucial step in atherogenesis is the infiltration of the subendothelial space of large arteries by monocytes where they differentiate into macrophages and transform into lipid-loaded foam cells. Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that adapt their response to environmental cytokines. Th1 cytokines promote monocyte differentiation into M1 macrophages, whereas Th2 cytokines trigger an “alternative” M2 phenotype. Objective: We previously reported the presence of CD68 + mannose receptor (MR) + M2 macrophages in human atherosclerotic plaques. However, the function of these plaque CD68 + MR + macrophages is still unknown. Methods and Results: Histological analysis revealed that CD68 + MR + macrophages locate far from the lipid core of the plaque and contain smaller lipid droplets compared to CD68 + MR − macrophages. Interleukin (IL)-4–polarized CD68 + MR + macrophages display a reduced capacity to handle and efflux cellular cholesterol because of low expression levels of the nuclear receptor liver x receptor (LXR)α and its target genes, ABCA1 and apolipoprotein E, attributable to the high 15-lipoxygenase activity in CD68 + MR + macrophages. By contrast, CD68 + MR + macrophages highly express opsonins and receptors involved in phagocytosis, resulting in high phagocytic activity. In M2 macrophages, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ activation enhances the phagocytic but not the cholesterol trafficking pathways. Conclusions: These data identify a distinct macrophage subpopulation with a low susceptibility to become foam cells but high phagocytic activity resulting from different regulatory activities of the PPARγ-LXRα pathways.
Prevalence of Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms in Chinese Adults Aged 35 to 75 Years
Authors: Ming-Hua Li, Shi-Wen Chen, Yong-Dong Li, Yuan-Chang Chen, Ying-Sheng Cheng, Ding-Jun Hu, Hua-Qiao Tan, Qian Wu, Wu Wang, Zhen-Kui Sun, Xiao-Er Wei, Jia-Yin Zhang, Rui-Hua Qiao, Wen-Hong Zong, Yin Zhang, Wei Lou, Zhi-Yuan Chen, Yu Zhu, De-Rong Peng, Sui-Xin Ding, Xue-Fan Xu, Xu-Hong Hou, Wei-Ping Jia
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

The reported prevalence of unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs) varies widely.To measure the prevalence of UCAs by using 3-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography in adults aged 35 to 75 years.Cross-sectional study done between June 2007 and June 2011.Two communities chosen at random from 2 districts (1 urban and 1 suburban) in Shanghai, China.4813 adults aged 35 to 75 years.Three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, interpreted by 3 observers blinded to the participants' information, was used to identify the location and size of UCAs and to estimate the overall, age-specific, and sex-specific prevalence.369 UCAs were found in 336 participants (130 men and 206 women); 4477 participants had no evidence of UCAs. The prevalence was 7.0% overall (95% CI, 6.3% to 7.7%), with 5.5% for men (CI, 4.6% to 6.4%) and 8.4% for women (CI, 7.3% to 9.5%). The overall prevalence of UCAs was higher in women than in men (P < 0.001) and peaked at ages 55 to 64 years in men and women. The UCAs were mostly located in the internal carotid artery (81%), and 90.2% had a maximum diameter less than 5 mm. Mean diameter was larger in women than in men (3.7 mm vs. 3.2 mm; P < 0.009).Participants were from 2 communities selected from 2 districts in Shanghai, and adults older than 75 years were not studied.The overall prevalence of UCAs was 7.0% in Chinese adults aged 35 to 75 years, and most lesions had a diameter less than 5 mm.National Natural Science Foundation of China.
Clinical studies of recombinant human C1 inhibitor in subjects with hereditary angioedema
Authors: J. Nuijens, R. Verdonk, M. van Doorn, K. Burggraaf, A. Cohen, G. Choi, M. Soeters, E. Hack, M. Levi, E. Sisk, P. Pinciaro
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
MULTIPLE GRANULAR-CELL MYOBLASTOMA (SCHWANNOMA) IN A CHILD
Authors: JOHN H. APTED
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article MULTIPLE GRANULAR‐CELL MYOBLASTOMA (SCHWANNOMA) IN A CHILD Get access JOHN H. APTED JOHN H. APTED Department of Dermatology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 4, 1 April 1968, Pages 257–260, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11968.x Published: 01 April 1968 Article history Accepted: 15 November 1967 Published: 01 April 1968
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “C-Reactive Protein and the Risk of Stent Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Events After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation”
Authors: Duk-Woo Park, Jong-Young Lee, Won-Jang Kim, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park, Sung-Cheol Yun
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Short-course radiation therapy, neoadjuvant bevacizumab, capecitabine and oxaliplatin, and radical resection of primary tumor and metastases in primary stage IV rectal cancer: A phase II multicenter study of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group.
Authors: T. H. van Dijk, K. Havenga, J. Beukema, G. L. Beets, H. Gelderblom, K. P. de Jong, H. J. Rutten, C. J. Van De Velde, T. Wiggers, G. Hospers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3638 Background: There is no standard treatment regimen in stage IV rectal cancer. We conducted a phase II study to test the efficacy of 5x5 Gy to the pelvic followed by 6 cycli chemotherapy and resection of both primary tumor and metastasis. Methods: Pts with primary rectal cancer and synchronous resectable metastases in 1 or 2 organs, ECOG PS 0-1, limited comorbidity and signed informed consent were eligible. Treatment was started with 5 fractions of 5 Gy radiation therapy to the pelvis. After 1 week bevacizumab (7.5 mg/kg.), capecitabine (2dd 1,000 mg/m2) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2) were administered in cycles of 3 weeks. Restaging was performed after 2 cycles. Unless progression was demonstrated, chemotherapy was continued with another 4 cycles. Primary endpoint was radical resection and/or (RF) ablation of the primary tumor and all metastastic lesions. Secondary endpoints are two-year survival and two-year recurrence rate. Results: From January 2006 50 pts (27 male) were enrolled in 7 Dutch centres; median age was 58.5 years (35-75). 42 pts had metastasis in the liver, 5 in the lung en and 3 in both lung and liver. No toxicity was seen in 5x5 Gy RT. Median time from RT to CT was 11 days (3-44). Grade 3-4 toxicities during chemotherapy: diarrhea (5), thrombosis (5), fatigue (2), pain (2), handfoot-syndrome (1), cholecystitis (1) and constipation (1). No progression was seen during chemotherapy. Radical surgical treatment was achieved in 33 of the 41 pts that have been operated. In 27 patients surgery of rectum and liver was done simultaneously. No treatment related deaths occurred. Complete response (CR) or near-CR (TRG 1-2) of the rectal tumor was seen in 44%. Median time to recurrence after R0 resection was 12 months (7-34). 21 of the 33 pts presented with a recurrence after R0 resection. With a median follow-up of 24 months in the R0 group 7 patients (21%) died. Conclusions: Short course pelvic radiotherapy followed by systemic chemotherapy is a well tolerated neoadjuvant approach in primary stage IV rectal cance with a R0 resection rate of the rectal tumor in 44%. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Canine renal receptors for parathyroid hormone. Down-regulation in vivo by exogenous parathyroid hormone.
Authors: C A Mahoney, R A Nissenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Chronic elevation of circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) is associated with decreased target cell responsiveness to PTH. To study the subcellular mechanism of this phenomenon we evaluated PTH receptors and adenylate cyclase activity in renal cortical membranes prepared before and after infusion of bovine parathyroid gland extract (PTE) into thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. PTE infusion resulted in a 53% decrease in the number of high-affinity receptors (P less than 0.01) associated with a 66% decrease in PTH-stimulated adenylate cyclase (P less than 0.01) relative to paired base-line values. Both the equilibrium constant of dissociation (KD) for PTH binding and the concentration of PTH that caused half-maximal stimulation of adenylate cyclase were in the range of 1 to 4 nM, and were unaffected by the PTE infusion. Responsiveness of the renal adenylate cyclase to sodium fluoride was 88% of base-line values. Infusion of the PTE vehicle alone did not affect PTH receptor number or blunt the adenylate cyclase response to PTH. Pretreatment of the membranes made after PTE infusion with guanosine triphosphate (GTP), which is known to produce dissociation of receptor-bound PTH, failed to restore either receptor number or PTH-stimulated adenylate cyclase. This finding was not due to a lack of efficacy of the GTP pretreatment, because identical GTP pretreatment restored PTH binding to base-line values in membranes partially occupied by incubation with PTH in vitro. Thus, simple residual occupancy of PTH receptors by the infused hormone did not appear to account for the observed receptor loss. The results of this study suggest that target cell resistance to PTH in patients with hyperparathyroidism might occur, at least in part, due to down-regulation of PTH receptors by circulating hormone.
Experts condemn "flawed" NICE process over its rejection of prostate cancer drug
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Experts have reacted angrily to new guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), which rejected a drug that can extend the life of men with prostate cancer and delay the need for chemotherapy.

On 15 August NICE published its final draft guidance1 on using the drug abiraterone (marketed in the United Kingdom as Zytiga and manufactured by Janssen) before chemotherapy in men with advanced prostate cancer. The institute said that it was not recommending abiraterone for prostate cancer in people who had received hormone therapy but whose disease has spread, if they had few symptoms and chemotherapy would not yet have been given.

Currently, abiraterone is given to patients at the end of life after chemotherapy, to give them …
SERUM SICKNESS IN RABBITS
Authors: Lloyd Jones, Moyer S. Fleisher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

1. It has not been possible to demonstrate in rabbits affected with serum sickness any constant temporal relationship between precipitin and precipitinogen in the blood on one hand and of occurrence of serum sickness on the other hand. 2. It has not been possible to demonstrate any differences between the precipitin and precipitinogen curves in injected rabbits which develop serum sickness compared with injected rabbits which did not develop serum sickness. 3. There is therefore no evidence that we can directly associate the occurrence of serum sickness with the production or appearance of precipitins.
Sequential Organization of Multiple Movements: Involvement of Cortical Motor Areas
Authors: Jun Tanji
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2001)

▪ Abstract Much of our normal behavior depends on the sequential execution of multiphased movements, or the execution of multiple movements arranged in a correct temporal order. This article deals with the issue of motor selection to arrange multiple movements in an appropriate temporal order, rather than the issue of constructing spatio-temporal structures in a single action. Planning, generating, and controlling the sequential motor behavior involves multiple cortical and subcortical neural structures. Studies on human subjects and nonhuman primates, however, have revealed that the medial motor areas in the frontal cortex and the basal ganglia play particularly important roles in the temporal sequencing of multiple movements. Cellular activity observed in the supplementary and presupplementary motor areas while performing specifically designed motor tasks suggests the way in which these areas take part in constructing the time structure for the sequential execution of multiple movements.
Elimination of Antigen-Presenting Cells and Autoreactive T Cells by Fas Contributes to Prevention of Autoimmunity
Authors: Peter B. Stranges, Jessica Watson, Cristie J. Cooper, Caroline-Morgane Choisy-Rossi, Austin C. Stonebraker, Ryan A. Beighton, Heather Hartig, John P. Sundberg, Stein Servick, Gunnar Kaufmann, Pamela J. Fink, Alexander V. Chervonsky
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Interleukin 35 Modulates TSLP, IL-25 and IL-33 Primed Dendritic Cells and Inhibits Naive T Cell Differentiation and Grass Pollen-Specific T Cell Proliferation
Authors: Natalia C. Couto-Francisco, Tomokazu Matsuoka, Rachel Yan, Stephen R. Durham, Mohamed H. Shamji
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Gene-protein correlation in single cells
Authors: J. J. Renfrow, A. C. Scheck, N. S. Dhawan, P. J. Lukac, H. Vogel, J. P. Chandler, J. J. Raizer, G. R. Harsh, A. Chakravarti, M. Bredel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

We present a novel methodology combining traditional fluorescent in situ hybridization with an in situ protein detection technology called proximity ligation assay. This method has potential to perform a detailed analysis of the relationship between gene status and corresponding protein expression in cells and tissues. We demonstrate that the fluorescent in situ gene protein assay methodology is capable of resolving gene and protein patterns simultaneously on a cell-by-cell basis.
PET myocardial perfusion imaging cuts the cost of coronary disease management by eliminating unnecessary invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures
Authors: M. Merhige, T. Houston, V. Shelton, J. Kay, G. Stem, J. Oliveno, E. Fast, D. Saiki, J. Shanahan, C. Temo, B. Rueda, B. D'Arcy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
A systematic comparative and structural analysis of protein phosphorylation sites based on the mtcPTM database
Authors: José L Jiménez, Björn Hegemann, James RA Hutchins, Jan-Michael Peters, Richard Durbin
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Abstract mtcPTM is an online repository of human and mouse phosphosites in which data are hierarchically organized to preserve biologically relevant experimental information, thus allowing straightforward comparisons of phosphorylation patterns found under different conditions. The database also contains the largest available collection of atomic models of phosphorylatable proteins. Detailed analysis of this structural dataset reveals that phosphorylation sites are found in a heterogeneous range of structural and sequence contexts. mtcPTM is available on the web http://www.mitocheck.org/cgi-bin/mtcPTM/search .