tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rosiglitazone — Continued Uncertainty about Safety
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen, Stephen Morrissey, Gregory D. Curfman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

On May 21, 2007, the Journal published a meta-analysis by Nissen and Wolski1 that indicated an increased cardiovascular risk associated with rosiglitazone (Avandia), a thiazolidinedione used to treat type 2 diabetes. We published this analysis because it indicated an increase of about 40% in the risk of myocardial infarction among patients receiving rosiglitazone as compared with those receiving either an alternative oral diabetes therapy (metformin or a sulfonylurea) or placebo. Since rosiglitazone is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and since the analysis considered all publicly available data on the topic, we published the article to make . . .
Evaluation and Use of Mosquito Repellents
Authors: Irwin H. Gilbert
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Repellents applied to skin and clothing are of great importance in protecting human beings from mosquito attack. They are especially important when other methods of obtaining relief from annoying pests and mosquito vectors of various diseases are not feasible. Before World War II, repellent dopes gave very little protection from mosquito attack. One such dope contained oil of citronella along with gum camphor, oil of pennyroyal, pine oil, and stearic acid. Effective mosquito repellents were developed during World War II and even more efficient repellents have been developed since that time. We have not attained our ultimate goal of providing the ideal mosquito repellent, but diethyltoluamide (deet) comes the closest. This paper will be concerned primarily with the program to evaluate mosquito repellents being conducted by the Insects Affecting Man and Animals Research Laboratory at Gainesville, Fla, previously located at Orlando, Fla. I will describe the testing techniques we use
NALOXONE IN SHOCK
Authors: R. Dirksen, M.H. Otten, G.J. Wood, C.J. Verbaan, M.M.P. Haalebos, P.V. Verdouw, G.M.M. Nijhuis, D.J.M. Wright, M. Phillips, M.P.I. Weller
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Waiting times for carotid endarterectomy in UK: observational study
Authors: A. W Halliday, T. Lees, D. Kamugasha, R. Grant, A. Hoffman, P. M Rothwell, J. F Potter, M. Horrocks, R. Naylor, A. G Rudd
Journal: BMJ (2009)

To assess timeliness of carotid endarterectomy services in the United Kingdom.Observational study with follow-up to March 2008.UK hospitals performing carotid endarterectomy.UK surgeons undertaking carotid endarterectomy from December 2005 to December 2007.Provision and speed of delivery of appropriate assessments of patients; carotid endarterectomy and operative mortality; 30 day postoperative mortality.240 (61% of those eligible) consultant surgeons took part from 102 (76%) hospitals and trusts. Of 9913 carotid endarterectomies recorded on hospital episode statistics, 5513 (56%) were included. Of the patients who underwent endarterectomy, 83% had a history of transient ischaemic attack or stroke. Of these recently symptomatic patients, 20% had their operation within two weeks of onset of symptoms and 30% waited more than 12 weeks. Operative mortality was 0.5% during the inpatient stay and 1.0% (95% confidence interval 0.7% to 1.3%) by 30 days.Only 20% of symptomatic patients had surgery within the two week target time set by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Although operative mortality rates are comparable with those in other countries, some patients might experience disabling or fatal stroke while waiting for surgery and hence not be included in operative statistics. Major improvements in services are necessary to enable early surgery in appropriate patients in order to prevent strokes.
Nitric oxide is not licensed for preterm neonates
Authors: C. E M Normand
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR-We agree with Pierce et al that attention should be drawn to the potential high cost of nitric oxide after the granting of its licence.1The use of nitric oxide is not licensed for treating preterm neonates.The currently published evidence does not support the use of inhaled nitric oxide in preterm infants with hypoxic respiratory failure, and further randomised trials should be performed.2The increase in the cost of nitric oxide will be an important component in cost effectiveness studies as part of clinical trials of inhaled nitric oxide.Studies must be based on effectiveness data from long term follow up and the economic evaluation must take a broader account of costs, such as those to parents.It is also important to look at the cost (and not just the price from one supplier) of inhaled nitric oxide.Such a study is already at an advanced stage.INNOVO (neonatal ventilation with inhaled nitric oxide versus ventilatory support without inhaled nitric oxide for severe respiratory failure) is an international randomised controlled trial funded by the Medical Research Council to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of inhaled nitric oxide compared with conventional ventilatory care for preterm and for "mature" neonates with severe respiratory failure.The primary clinical outcome at 1 year of age (corrected for prematurity) is death or severe disability.The economic evaluation includes consideration of costs not only to the health services but also to parents.Recruitment is now closed, and follow up to age 4 is in progress.The results at 1 year of age should be available in 2003.
Association of Blood Lead Levels with Onset of Puberty in Russian Boys
Authors: Russ Hauser, Oleg Sergeyev, Susan Korrick, Mary M. Lee, Boris Revich, Elena Gitin, Jane S. Burns, Paige L. Williams
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

BackgroundEpidemiologic studies suggest a temporal trend of earlier onset and longer duration of puberty, raising concerns regarding the potential impact of environmental factors on pubertal development. Lead exposure has been associated with delayed pubertal onset in girls; however, epidemiologic data in boys are limited.MethodsWe used multivariable logistic regression models to explore the cross-sectional association of blood lead levels with growth and pubertal onset based on physician-assessed testicular volume (TV) and pubertal staging in 489 boys 8–9 years of age from Chapaevsk, Russia. We used multivariable linear regression models to assess associations of blood lead levels with somatic growth at the study entry visit.ResultsThe median (25th–75th percentile) blood lead level was 3 μg/dL (2–5 μg/dL). Height, weight, body mass index, birth weight, and gestational age were predictive of the onset of puberty as assessed either by TV (&gt; 3 mL), genitalia stage (G2), or both. Blood lead level was inversely associated with height (p &lt; 0.001) and weight (p = 0.06) after adjustment for birth weight, gestational age, and age at examination. In multivariable adjusted analyses, boys with blood lead levels ≥ 5 μg/dL had 43% reduced odds of having entered G2 compared with those with lower levels (odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.34–0.95, p = 0.03).ConclusionsRelatively low environmental blood lead levels were associated with decreased growth and differences in pubertal onset in periadolescent Russian boys. Future analyses of this prospective cohort will address pubertal onset and progression in relation to lead and other environmental chemicals.
Defect in Glucose Utilization in Adipose Tissue of Patients with Maturity-onset Diabetes
Authors: D. J. Galton, J. P. D. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The ability of glucose, glucose-6-phosphate, and glycerol phosphate to support incorporation of (14)C-palmitate into neutral lipid of adipose tissue has been studied in eight patients with maturity-onset diabetes. After two hours' incubation glucose and glucose-6-phosphate supported incorporation rates relative to glycerol phosphate of 30% and 44% respectively in diabetic tissue, whereas the corresponding rates in paired non-diabetic controls were 93% and 95%. This failure of adipose tissue to metabolize glucose in maturity-onset diabetes might be responsible for a delay in the clearance of glucose from the blood stream. Alternatively, a defect in glucose utilization might be due to tissue changes associated with maturity-onset diabetes.
Plasma lipoproteins and progression of coronary artery disease evaluated by angiography and clinical events.
Authors: N R Phillips, D Waters, R J Havel
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND There is considerable evidence that remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may be particularly atherogenic. METHODS AND RESULTS Levels of lipoprotein lipids and of apolipoprotein B in low-density lipoproteins were measured in 335 men and women enrolled in a study in which quantitative coronary angiography was carried out at 2-year intervals. Clinical events related to coronary disease occurred in 129 patients during the trial and in the subsequent follow-up period of 4 to 6 years. In multivariate analysis controlled for a number of nonlipid risk factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was inversely related to the mean percentage increase in coronary artery stenosis in both men and women. Neither plasma triglycerides nor low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or apolipoprotein B was related to change in stenosis, but a measure of remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which included cholesterol in intermediate-density lipoproteins, was directly related to lesion progression. The same relations for these measures of plasma lipoprotein concentrations were found to hold for clinical events related to coronary artery atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS In patients with established coronary heart disease, increased levels of remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins appear to promote progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis, which in turn may lead to an untoward clinical event. No such relation could be shown for the level of components of low-density lipoproteins. These and other observations call for reevaluation of relations between particular species of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B and the pathogenesis of coronary artery atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
Extrahepatic bile duct regeneration in pigs using collagen scaffolds loaded with human collagen-binding bFGF
Authors: Qiang Li, Liang Tao, Bing Chen, Haozhen Ren, Xianglin Hou, Siqiao Zhou, Jianxin Zhou, Xitai Sun, Jianwu Dai, Yitao Ding
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Reform group calls for shake up in NHS funding
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The UK government may soon have to consider charging patients for certain selected services, a group campaigning for reform in the NHS said this week.

The organisation, Doctors for Reform, is privately funded and claims no political allegiance. In a letter to politicians, 900 NHS doctors who are members of the group, said that the time has come to look at new ways to supply and fund health care in Britain.

This coincides with reports in the press of the NHS's funding problems reaching a head, despite substantial investment by the government to try to improve services.

“We welcome the substantial increase in resources for …
TCT-620 Twelve-Month Clinical Results After Bioresorbable Scaffolds – The ASSURE Registry
Authors: Christoph Naber, Jochen Wöhrle, Thomas Schmitz, Carsten Schwencke, Norbert Frey, Christian Butter, Johannes Brachmann, Maja Ingwersen, Anna Drabik, Sinisa Marcovic, Detlef Mathey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Learning From SARS in Hong Kong and Toronto
Authors: C. David Naylor
Journal: JAMA (2004)

THE RECURRENCE OF SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNdrome (SARS) in China during 2004 has highlighted the continuing threat to human health from infectious disease outbreaks. A zoonosis caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS first emerged among humans in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong during November 2002. By March 2003, SARS had spread to neighboring Hong Kong and from there to Toronto, Ontario, and many other areas in a matter of days. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that by July 2003 when the epidemic had waned, in Hong Kong there were 1755 probable cases of SARS with 300 deaths (17%) and in Canada there were 251 probable cases with 43 deaths (17%). Most Canadian cases and all deaths were in the Toronto area. Both areas had serious difficulties managing the outbreak, and several inquiries into public health and epidemic management have since been performed. We led the panels that first reported on SARS and public health in each jurisdiction. Both panels worked through the summer of 2003 and issued their reports within a week of one another in early October 2003. Herein, we compare our findings, highlight common conclusions, and suggest some general lessons that may be applicable to other areas.
Inactivation of stress protein p8 increases murine carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity via preserved CYP2E1 activity
Authors: David Taïeb, Cédric Malicet, Stéphane Garcia, Palma Rocchi, Christiane Arnaud, Jean-Charles Dagorn, Juan L. Iovanna, Sophie Vasseur
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract The p8 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in cell defense against the adverse effects of stress. Its expression is strongly, rapidly, and transiently induced in most cells on exposure to various stress agents. This study assessed the role of p8 in the response of the liver to CCl4-induced injury. We found that p8 was indeed overexpressed in the liver after CCl4 administration. Hepatic injury following CCl4 injection was monitored in wild-type and p8−/− mice. Serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities were higher and peaked earlier in p8−/− mice than in wild-type mice, which is in agreement with the observation of significantly larger areas of necrosis in p8−/− liver. Absence of p8 expression is therefore associated with increased liver sensitivity to CCl4. In fact, CCl4 toxicity is mediated by derivatives generated by its conversion by the enzyme CYP2E1. It is known that CYP2E1 is downregulated in the liver during the first hours following CCl4 administration as part of a self-defense mechanism. We found that CYP2E1 downregulation was significantly delayed in p8−/− liver compared with wild-type liver, allowing increased production of toxic CCl4 derivatives. In conclusion , inactivation of the p8 gene increases liver sensitivity to CCl4, as it appears to delay the triggering of CYP2E1 downregulation. The p8 protein is therefore an important element of hepatocyte stress response. (Hepatology 2005;42:176–182.)
Questions of Life and Death in Old Age
Authors: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical medicine and research in France.
Authors: C T Dollery, J I Burn
Journal: BMJ (1973)

removed on the 12th day.No attempt was made to use chymo- trypsin, cortisone generally or by hydrotubation, or to produce a three-month amenorrhoea postoperatively with steroids.The technique of end to end anastomosis, which may be used in type 1 and type 3 findings, has been described by Seigler9 who quoted seven cases.Three of these subsequently delivered at term and one had a tubal pregnancy.The uterine end of the tube is tested for patency with methylene blue after cutting the sealed end, and the fimbriated end tested with a probe.A very fine tube may be induced to pass the intramural part of the tube and is anchored to the infundibulopelvic ligament above and the cervix and vagina below.This acts as a splint for the anasto- mosis and is removed on the 12th day, though the uterus and tube have a tendency to reject it vaginally earlier than this.If end to end anastomosis is to be done on one side and tubo-uterine implant on the other it is better to do the latter side first.Salpingostomy was performed by using Bonney's cuff tech- nique.A splint of fine polyethylene, nylon thread, or silkworm gut, if this can be threaded down the intramural part of the tube, helps to keep the ostium open till healing occurs.The use of polyethylene tubing or spiral Teflon stents brought through the abdominal wall, anchored subcutaneously, and removed at eight weeks as an office procedure, has given a patency rate of 86%.14 FOLLOW-UP These patients are known to be fertile but nevertheless should be investigated for anovulatory cycles postoperatively.The results of tubal operations in Britain can be ascertained by the computerization of operations records; but it is important for an honest prognosis that the follow-up of tubal surgery should be correlated as advocated by Williams' in Britain, and Seigler' and Roland and Leistenl' in America.
Hexaminolevulinate-induced fluorescence colonoscopy versus white light endoscopy for diagnosis of neoplastic lesions in the colon
Authors: B. Mayinger, F. Neumann, C. Kastner, T. Haider, D. Schwab
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also: Commentaire de travail de B. Mayinger et al., pp. 28Endoscopy 2010; 42(01): 90-90DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291860
Dietary Protein and Cardiovascular Performance.
Authors: Donald M. Watkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Dietary Protein and Cardiovascular Performance.Donald M. Watkin, M.D., F.A.C.P., John B. Das, M.B., M. Constance McCarthy, B.S.Donald M. Watkin, M.D., F.A.C.P., John B. Das, M.B., M. Constance McCarthy, B.S.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-710_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn a series of studies designed to evaluate protein requirements during strenuous work performed daily for long periods of time, subjects receiving lower (0.4 g/kg/day) and higher (1.2 g/kg/day) levels of high quality protein and limited calories (35 cal/kg/day) were evaluated for cardiovascular performance before, during, and after work phases ranging from 20 to 44 days. Work equivalent to about 1,200 cal daily was performed by subjects' walking 1 hour twice daily on motor driven treadmills set at 4 mph and a 10% grade. Additional subjects consuming identical diets but performing no work served as absolute controls. Whereas all participants... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cambridge, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAlcoholic Cardiomyopathy 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 710-710KeywordsDietProteinsWalking Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Natural History of the Eccrine Miliarias: A Study in Human Ecology
Authors: Frederick Sargent, Herbert L. Slutsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

Pathophysiology of Patients with Tropical Anhidrotic AstheniaDuring World War II, among the many patients seen with heat disorders, a large number exhibited a new syndrome variously identified as sweat-retention syndrome,36 heat exhaustion, Type 2,56 tropical anhidrotic asthenia,6,68 anhidrotic heat exhaustion65 and thermogenic anhidrosis.69 , 70 The syndrome was unique only because it characterized one manifestation of severe dysfunction resulting from prolonged exposure of men to environmental conditions that unduly tax the mechanism of evaporative heat loss.It can be argued that this syndrome is but one of the facets by which dysacclimatization may express itself in nature. The functional deterioration . . .
Doctor says some hospitals too ready to apologise
Authors: K. Burke
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A senior doctor at the centre of the row about the elderly patient Rose Addis has explained why he felt duty bound to defend accident and emergency staff from political spin and name calling.

In an interview with the BMJ , Professor James Malone-Lee from the Whittington Hospital, north London, spoke of his horror at seeing the Evening Standard story last week under the headline “abandoned in casualty.” The article claimed that Mrs Addis, aged 94, had been left unwashed and “caked in blood” for almost three days because of bed shortages.

Professor Malone-Lee, who oversees the emergency department as medical director of the trust's medical directorate, said that he had investigated his legal position with trust managers before speaking out. And he was careful to stick to events already in the public domain to avoid breaching patient confidentiality.

“I interpreted this story as a gross infringement of patient confidentiality. At the same time I'm very conscious that health service staff are subject to …
Effects of inhalation of acidic compounds on pulmonary function in allergic adolescent subjects.
Authors: J Q Koenig, D S Covert, W E Pierson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

There is concern about the human health effects of inhalation of acid compounds found in urban air pollution. It was the purpose of this study to investigate three of these acid compounds, sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3) in a group of allergic adolescent subjects. Subjects were exposed during rest and moderate exercise to 0.7 mumole/m3 (68 micrograms/m3) H2SO4, 4.0 mumole/m3 (0.1 ppm) SO2, or 2.0 mumole/m3 (0.05 ppm) HNO3. Pulmonary functions (FEV1, total respiratory resistance, and maximal flow) were measured before and after exposure. Preliminary analysis based on nine subjects indicates that exposure to 0.7 mumole/m3 H2SO4 alone and in combination with SO2 caused significant changes in pulmonary function, whereas exposure to air or SO2 alone did not. FEV1 decreased an average of 6% after exposure to H2SO4 alone and 4% when the aerosol was combined with SO2. The FEV1 decrease was 2% after both air and SO2 exposures. Total respiratory resistance (RT) increased 15% after the combined H2SO4 exposures, 12% after H2SO4 alone, and 7% after exposure to air. After exposures to HNO3 alone, FEV1 decreased by 4%, and RT increased by 23%. These results are preliminary; final conclusions must wait for completion of the study.
Identification of NKG2A and NKp80 as specific natural killer cell markers in rhesus and pigtailed monkeys
Authors: Domenico Mavilio, Janet Benjamin, Diana Kim, Gabriella Lombardo, Marybeth Daucher, Audrey Kinter, Elizabeth Nies-Kraske, Emanuela Marcenaro, Alessandro Moretta, Anthony S. Fauci
Journal: Blood (2005)