tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Three types of naturally occurring modified lipoproteins induce intracellular lipid accumulation due to lipoprotein aggregation.
Authors: V V Tertov, A N Orekhov, I A Sobenin, Z A Gabbasov, E G Popov, A A Yaroslavov, V N Smirnov
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) from patients with coronary atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus as well as in vitro desialylated LDL, glycosylated LDL, and lipoprotein (a) caused a twofold to fourfold rise in cholesteryl ester in cultured human blood monocytes and intimal smooth muscle cells isolated from normal aorta. Native LDL from healthy subjects failed to induce intracellular lipid accumulation. We have demonstrated by laser correlative photometry and gel filtration chromatography that in vivo and in vitro modified lipoproteins form aggregates under cell culture conditions. The degree of modified lipoprotein aggregation directly correlated with the ability of these lipoproteins to elevate the cholesteryl ester content of cultured cells. Modified lipoprotein aggregates isolated by gel filtration induced a threefold to fivefold elevation in cellular cholesteryl ester content. Aggregates of 125I-modified LDL were taken up and degraded fivefold to sevenfold more effectively as compared with nonaggregated lipoproteins. The uptake and degradation of 125I-labeled aggregates were strongly inhibited by unlabeled aggregates, latex beads, and cytochalasin B but not by native or acetylated LDL. These data indicate that uptake of lipoprotein aggregates occurred by phagocytosis. Obtained results suggest that modified lipoprotein aggregation may be the key condition for lipid accumulation.
Abnormalities in heart membranes and myofibrils during bacterial infective cardiomyopathy in the rabbit.
Authors: C W Tomlinson, S L Lee, N S Dhalla
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We studied hearts from sham-operated and uninfected catheterized rabbits as well as from rabbits at early and late stages of cardiomyopathy and failure after 3 and 6 days of infection with Streptococcus viridans. No ultrastructural abnormalities or biochemical changes in membrane and myofibrillar activities were seen in 3-day uninfected hearts. In 6-day uninfected hearts there were decreased sarcolemmal M2+ ATPase, Na+-K+ ATPase, adenylate cyclase and calcium binding, microsomal calcium binding and uptake, and myofibrillar Ca2+-stimulated ATPase as well as increased mitochondrial calcium uptake. Slight ultrastructural changes also were apparent in 6-day uninfected hearts. At both early and late stages of infective cardiomyopathy and failure there were varying degrees of depression in sarcolemmal Mg2+ ATPase, Na+-K+ ATPase, adenylate cyclase and calcium binding, microsomal calcium binding, calcium uptake and basal ATPase, and myofibrillar Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activities. However, sarcolemmal Ca2+ ATPase and myofibrillar Mg2+ ATPase activities were decreased only after 6 days of infection. Mitochondrial calcium binding and uptake were increased in early stages but decreased in late stages of disease. Furthermore in infected hearts there were defects in mitrochondrial respiration and phosphorylation. Generalized severe myocardial cell damage involving myofibrils, mitochondria, and the sarcotubular system was seen only in late stages of infection. The results demonstrate impairment of different membrane and contractile protein functions as well as ultrastructural abnormalities in bacterial cardiomyopathic hearts which were absent or of lesser magnitude in hearts with only hypertrophy. The findings reported here suggest to use that there is an association between heart failure and changes in function of cellular components during bacterial infective cardiomyopathy.
Pulmonary surfactant in health and human lung diseases: state of the art
Authors: M Griese
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Pulmonary surfactant is a complex and highly surface active material composed of lipids and proteins which is found in the fluid lining the alveolar surface of the lungs. Surfactant prevents alveolar collapse at low lung volume, and preserves bronchiolar patency during normal and forced respiration (biophysical functions). In addition, it is involved in the protection of the lungs from injuries and infections caused by inhaled particles and micro-organisms (immunological, non-biophysical functions). Pulmonary surfactant can only be harvested by lavage procedures, which may disrupt its pre-existing biophysical and biochemical micro-organization. These limitations must always be considered when interpreting ex vivo studies of pulmonary surfactant. A pathophysiological role for surfactant was first appreciated in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and hyaline membrane disease, a condition which is nowadays routinely treated with exogenous surfactant replacement. Biochemical surfactant abnormalities of varying degrees have been described in obstructive lung diseases (asthma, bronchiolitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and following lung transplantation), infectious and suppurative lung diseases (cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, and human immunodeficiency virus), adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary oedema, other diseases specific to infants (chronic lung disease of prematurity, and surfactant protein-B deficiency), interstitial lung diseases (sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, following cardiopulmonary bypass, and in smokers. For some pulmonary conditions surfactant replacement therapy is on the horizon, but for the majority much more needs to be learnt about the pathophysiological role the observed surfactant abnormalities may have.
Dose-Dense Adjuvant Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide Is Not Associated With Frequent Short-Term Changes in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Patrick G. Morris, Maura Dickler, Heather L. McArthur, Tiffany Traina, Steven Sugarman, Nancy Lin, Beverly Moy, Steven Come, Laura Godfrey, Benjamin Nulsen, Carol Chen, Richard Steingart, Hope Rugo, Larry Norton, Eric Winer, Clifford A. Hudis, Chau T. Dang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) every 3 weeks has been associated with frequent asymptomatic declines in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Dose-dense (dd) AC followed by paclitaxel (P) is superior to the same regimen given every third week. Herein, we report the early cardiac safety of three sequential studies of ddAC alone or with bevacizumab (B).
HSP72 Inhibits Smad3 Activation and Nuclear Translocation in Renal Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Yi Zhou, Haiping Mao, Shu Li, Shirong Cao, Zhijian Li, Shougang Zhuang, Jinjin Fan, Xiuqing Dong, Steven C. Borkan, Yihan Wang, Xueqing Yu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2010)

Although heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the underlying mechanism is unknown. Because Smad proteins transduce TGF-β signaling from the cytosol to the nucleus and HSP72 assists in protein folding and facilitates nuclear translocation, we investigated whether HSP72 inhibits TGF-β-induced EMT by modulating Smad expression, activation, and nuclear translocation. To evaluate the roles of distinct HSP72 structural domains in these processes, we constructed vectors that expressed wild-type HSP72 or mutants lacking either the peptide-binding domain (HSP72-ΔPBD), which is responsible for substrate binding and refolding, or the nuclear localization signal (HSP72-ΔNLS). Overexpression of wild-type HSP72 or HSP72-ΔNLS inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT, but HSP72-ΔPBD did not, suggesting a critical role for the PBD in this inhibition. HSP72 overexpression inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad3 and p-Smad3, but not Smad2; these inhibitory effects required the PBD but not the NLS. Coimmunoprecipitation assays suggested a physical interaction between Smad3 and the PBD. siRNA knockdown of endogenous HSP72 enhanced both TGF-β1-induced Smad3 phosphorylation and EMT and confirmed the interaction of HSP72 with both Smad3 and p-Smad3. In vivo, induction of HSP72 by geranylgeranylacetone suppressed Smad3 phosphorylation in renal tubular cells after unilateral ureteral obstruction. In conclusion, HSP72 inhibits EMT in renal epithelial cells primarily by exerting domain-specific effects on Smad3 activation and nuclear translocation.
Assessment of herd protection against trachoma due to repeated mass antibiotic distributions: a cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Jenafir I House, Berhan Ayele, Travis C Porco, Zhaoxia Zhou, Kevin C Hong, Teshome Gebre, Kathryn J Ray, Jeremy D Keenan, Nicole E Stoller, John P Whitcher, Bruce D Gaynor, Paul M Emerson, Thomas M Lietman
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma: a micromorphometric study relating to prognosis and completion lymph node dissection
Authors: S. Debarbieux, G. Duru, S. Dalle, O. Béatrix, B. Balme, L. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) positivity has been found to be strongly associated with a poor prognosis in melanoma.This large referral centre study was conducted: (i) to confirm the powerful prognostic value of SLN biopsy (SLNB); (ii) to correlate patient prognosis to the micromorphometric features of SLN metastasis in SLN-positive patients; and (iii) to correlate these micromorphometric features to the likelihood of positive completion lymph node dissection (CLND).SLNB was performed in 455 cases of primary melanoma between January 1999 and December 2004; for patients with positive SLN, the following micromorphometric features were registered: size of the largest metastasis (two diameters), depth of metastasis, number of millimetric slices involved, maximum number of metastases on a single section, presence of intracapsular lymphatic invasion and extracapsular spread. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared with the log-rank test; multivariate analysis was performed using a Cox regression model. Dependence of CLND status on micromorphometric features of SLN was assessed by the chi(2) test and predictive values of the different features were evaluated by multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model.A positive SLN was identified in 98 of our 455 cases. Survival was significantly shorter in SLN-positive patients than in SLN-negative patients. Extracapsular invasion was found to be an independent prognostic factor of disease-free survival; ulceration of the primary and the maximum diameter of the largest metastasis were identified as independent predictive factors of disease-specific survival. Age and the lowest diameter of the largest metastasis were identified as independent predictive criteria of positive CLND, whereas depth of metastasis was not. Positivity of CLND was not significantly associated with a worse prognosis.Our study confirms the previously demonstrated strong prognostic value of SLNB. It also confirms the relationship between tumour burden in the SLN (evaluated by the maximum diameter of the largest metastasis) and clinical outcome. We point out a new micromorphometric feature of SLN, which seems to be predictive of CLND status: the lowest diameter of the largest metastasis.
188 DO CHILDREN WITH END STAGE CF-RELATED LIVER DISEASE BENEFIT FROM COMBINED LIVER-PANCREAS TRANSPLANT?
Authors: M.H. Crull, M. Bozic, J.A. Fridell, Y. Avitzur, Y.M. Glassberg, R. González-Peralta, A. Fecteau, P. Durie, V.L. Ng, R.H.J. Bandsma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Vesiculur pemphigoid with antidesmoplakin autoantibodies
Authors: M. Okura, Y. Tatsuno, M. Sato, S. Hashizume, Y. Kubota, K. Matumura, T. Hashimoto, M. Mizoguchi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Vesiculur pemphigoid with antidesmoplakin autoantibodies Get access M. Okura, M. Okura Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Tatsuno, Y. Tatsuno Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Sato, M. Sato Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Hashizume, S. Hashizume Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Kubota, Y. Kubota Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Matumura, K. Matumura Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hashimoto, T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Mizoguchi M. Mizoguchi Department of Dermatology. St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2‐16‐1 Sugao, Miyamae‐ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 5, 1 May 1997, Pages 794–796, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03677.x Published: 01 May 1997
THE RESPIRATORY RESPONSE TO CARBON DIOXIDE
Authors: H. Whitridge Davies, George R. Brow, Carl A. L. Binger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

1. A technique for determining the respiratory response to carbon dioxide on the Peabody principle is described. 2. The relation between minute volume of total pulmonary ventilation and percentage of carbon dioxide in the inspired air can be expressed by a simple mathematical formula, viz. Y = K + ab(z), in which Y is the ventilation rate, X is the CO(2) content of the inspired air, and K, a, and b are constants characteristic for the individual. 3. The respiratory response to carbon dioxide as expressed by the total pulmonary ventilation is slightly greater at high oxygen percentages (90 per cent +/-) than at normal oxygen percentages in the inspired air. 4. Respiratory fatigue may consist of two elements-one nervous, manifesting itself in increased excitability of the center and a more marked response when the demand for pulmonary ventilation is small, the other muscular and involving an inability to respond when the demand for pulmonary ventilation is great.
Management of acute severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: G. Van Assche, S. Vermeire, P. Rutgeerts
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Neighbourhood environments can have significant and enduring impacts on children's physical, psychological and social health. Environments can impact health through promoting or hindering physical activity, active travel, and healthy eating in addition to opportunities for social interaction, cognitive development, rest and relaxation. There is a paucity of research that has examined neighbourhood and health priorities, strengths and needs from the perspectives of the community, and even less that has focused on the perspectives of children within communities. The aim of this article is to describe the research protocol for a project to gather child-identified needs and strengths-based solutions for promoting child health and well-being in urban neighbourhood environments. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> This participatory research project is designed to partner with children in school settings in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland and Ōtepoti Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand. An abundant communities approach will be used with children to identify needs and strengths related to neighbourhoods and health. Specific methods including collaborative, creative, play-based methods such as concept-mapping activities and co-creation of final dissemination material on the key messages are described. Plans for researcher reflections, data analysis and dissemination are also detailed. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This research has been approved by the University of Auckland Human Participants Ethics Committee. Results will be disseminated through child and researcher co-created output, a technical report and academic journal articles. By using evidence-based child-centred approaches to knowledge generation, we anticipate the research will generate new localised insights about children's preferences and needs for healthy neighbourhoods which will be shared with stakeholders in planning and practice. The detailed session protocol including critical researcher reflections is shared in this manuscript for application, development and refinement in future research.
TCT-161 The administration of a loading dose has no additive effect on platelet aggregation during the switch from ongoing clopidogrel treatment to ticagrelor in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Gianluca Caiazzo, Salvatore De Rosa, Daniele Torella, Carmen Spaccarotella, Annalisa Mongiardo, Mariella Micieli, Salvatore Giampa, Eleonora Palella, Elio Gulletta, Ciro Indolfi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A randomised controlled trial of ablation of Barrett's oesophagus with multipolar electrocoagulation versus argon plasma coagulation in combination with acid suppression: long term results
Authors: P Sharma
Journal: Gut (2006)

Many modalities have been used to ablate Barrett's oesophagus (BO). However, long term results and comparative effectiveness are unknown.Our aim was to compare the long term efficacy of achieving complete reversal (endoscopic and histological) between multipolar electrocoagulation (MPEC) and argon plasma coagulation (APC) in BO patients and assess factors influencing successful ablation.Patients with BO, 2-6 cm long, underwent 24 hour pH testing on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Patients were then randomised by BO length to undergo ablation with MPEC or APC every 4-8 weeks until endoscopic reversal or maximal of six treatment sessions.Thirty five BO patients have been followed for at least two years following endoscopic ablation, 16 treated with MPEC and 19 with APC. There was complete reversal of BO in 24 patients (69%); 75% with MPEC and 63% with APC (p = 0.49). There was no difference in the number of sessions required in the two groups. There was no difference in age, pH results, BO length, PPI dose, or hiatal hernia size between patients with and without complete reversal. One patient developed an oesophageal stricture but there were no major complications such as bleeding or perforation.In BO patients treated with MPEC or APC in combination with acid suppression, at long term follow up, complete reversal of BO can be maintained in approximately 70% of patients, irrespective of the technique. There are no predictors associated with achieving complete reversal of BO. Continued surveillance is still indicated in the post ablative setting. As yet, these techniques are not ready for clinical application (other than for high grade dysplasia or early oesophageal adenocarcinoma) and cannot be offered outside the research arena.
Effects of block copolymer properties on nanocarrier protection from in vivo clearance
Authors: Suzanne M. D'Addio, Walid Saad, Steven M. Ansell, John J. Squiers, Douglas H. Adamson, Margarita Herrera-Alonso, Adam R. Wohl, Thomas R. Hoye, Christopher W. Macosko, Lawrence D. Mayer, Christine Vauthier, Robert K. Prud'homme
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Multinational evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of gout: integrating systematic literature review and expert opinion of a broad panel of rheumatologists in the 3e initiative
Authors: Francisca Sivera, Mariano Andrés, Loreto Carmona, Alison S R Kydd, John Moi, Rakhi Seth, Melonie Sriranganathan, Caroline van Durme, Irene van Echteld, Ophir Vinik, Mihir D Wechalekar, Daniel Aletaha, Claire Bombardier, Rachelle Buchbinder, Christopher J Edwards, Robert B Landewé, Johannes W Bijlsma, Jaime C Branco, Rubén Burgos-Vargas, Anca I Catrina, Dirk Elewaut, Antonio J L Ferrari, Patrick Kiely, Burkhard F Leeb, Carlomaurizio Montecucco, Ulf Müller-Ladner, Mikkel Østergaard, Jane Zochling, Louise Falzon, Désirée M van der Heijde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

We aimed to develop evidence-based multinational recommendations for the diagnosis and management of gout. Using a formal voting process, a panel of 78 international rheumatologists developed 10 key clinical questions pertinent to the diagnosis and management of gout. Each question was investigated with a systematic literature review. Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and abstracts from 2010–2011 European League Against Rheumatism and American College of Rheumatology meetings were searched in each review. Relevant studies were independently reviewed by two individuals for data extraction and synthesis and risk of bias assessment. Using this evidence, rheumatologists from 14 countries (Europe, South America and Australasia) developed national recommendations. After rounds of discussion and voting, multinational recommendations were formulated. Each recommendation was graded according to the level of evidence. Agreement and potential impact on clinical practice were assessed. Combining evidence and clinical expertise, 10 recommendations were produced. One recommendation referred to the diagnosis of gout, two referred to cardiovascular and renal comorbidities, six focused on different aspects of the management of gout (including drug treatment and monitoring), and the last recommendation referred to the management of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. The level of agreement with the recommendations ranged from 8.1 to 9.2 (mean 8.7) on a 1–10 scale, with 10 representing full agreement. Ten recommendations on the diagnosis and management of gout were established. They are evidence-based and supported by a large panel of rheumatologists from 14 countries, enhancing their utility in clinical practice.
Chloroquine Seizures
Authors: E. Fuller Torrey
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Four cases of seizures were associated with therapeutic doses of chloroquine phosphate. This is, to our knowledge, the first specific report of this side effect in the literature. Other serious side effects have been noted, especially those involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is possible that such seizures are more common than has been previously noted, and they may be associated with an idiosyncratic reaction to the drug. All four cases had heralding signs of toxicity to which an alert physician must pay attention. It is concluded that chloroquine remains the drug of choice for such diseases as malaria and amebic hepatitis, but there is a narrow margin between a therapeutic and toxic dose and its use should be accompanied by the awareness of possible serious side effects on the central nervous system.