diff --git "a/climate_train.csv" "b/climate_train.csv" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/climate_train.csv" @@ -0,0 +1,868 @@ +,original_url,source_article,logical_fallacies +0,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/02/environment-climate-change-records-broken-international-report,"In June last year , a severe heatwave claimed over 1,000 lives in Karachi , Pakistan . Severe drought caused food shortages for millions of people in Ethiopia , with a lack of rainfall resulting in “ intense and widespread ” forest fires in Indonesia that belched out a vast quantity of greenhouse gas .",intentional +1,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/02/environment-climate-change-records-broken-international-report,"Diminishing sea ice is causing major walrus herds to haul themselves out on to land . Arctic marine species , such as snailfish and polar cod , are being pushed out of the region by species coming from further south , attracted to the warming waters . A huge algal bloom off the west coast of North America harmed marine life and fisheries .",intentional +2,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,A landmark report from the United Nations ’ scientific panel on climate change paints a far more dire picture of the immediate consequences of climate change than previously thought and says that avoiding the damage requires transforming the world economy at a speed and scale that has “ no documented historic precedent . ”,fallacy of credibility +3,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,"The report “ is quite a shock , and quite concerning , ” said Bill Hare , an author of previous I.P.C.C . reports and a physicist with Climate Analytics , a nonprofit organization . “ We were not aware of this just a few years ago. ”",fallacy of credibility +4,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,The World Coal Association disputed the conclusion that stopping global warming calls for an end of coal use .,false dilemma +5,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,"In a statement , Katie Warrick , its interim chief executive , noted that forecasts from the International Energy Agency , a global analysis organization , “ continue to see a role for coal for the foreseeable future . ”",fallacy of credibility +6,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,Refusing to approve the document would place the United States at odds with many nations and show it rejecting established academic science on the world stage .,appeal to emotion +7,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,"“ Carbon taxes are political poison because they increase gas prices and electric rates , ” said Myron Ebell , who heads the energy program at the Competitive Enterprise Institute , an industry-funded Washington research organization , and who led the Trump administration ’ s transition at the Environmental Protection Agency .",intentional +8,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,"In addition , it said , the United States along with Bangladesh , China , Egypt , India , Indonesia , Japan , the Philippines and Vietnam are home to 50 million people who will be exposed to the effects of increased coastal flooding by 2040 , if 2.7 degrees of warming occur .",equivocation +9,https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/07/climate/ipcc-climate-report-2040.html,"At 3.6 degrees of warming , the report predicts a “ disproportionately rapid evacuation ” of people from the tropics . “ In some parts of the world , national borders will become irrelevant , ” said Aromar Revi , director of the Indian Institute for Human Settlements and an author of the report . “ You can set up a wall to try to contain 10,000 and 20,000 and one million people , but not 10 million . ”",faulty generalization +10,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,“ Welcome to climate chaos .,faulty generalization +11,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,“ Welcome to climate chaos .,intentional +12,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,"Scribbler and Beckwith said the anomalies were most likely precipitated by man-made climate change , which caused the jet stream to slow down and create larger waves .",faulty generalization +13,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,Something that would absolutely not happen in a normal world .,fallacy of relevance +14,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,"Meanwhile , Mr Beckwith confirmed the changes would usher in a sustained period of “ climate system mayhem ” which could prove difficult to resolve .",appeal to emotion +15,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,“ Welcome to climate chaos .,appeal to emotion +16,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,We must declare a global climate emergency .,appeal to emotion +17,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-emergency-jet-stream-shift-warning-global-warning-extreme-weather-a7111661.html,There ’ s very strange things going on on planet Earth right now . ”,fallacy of logic +18,https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack,"`` When I tell people what to expect , I say , 'Well , imagine the opening scene of The Sound of Music was filmed outside of Reno , Nevada , ' `` he says . ``",appeal to emotion +19,https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack,"Some plants and wildlife , taking their thermal cue , have been able to adapt in kind . Some are thriving . Others are being left behind .",appeal to emotion +20,https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack,"`` You can see it visually , '' says Rebecca Irwin , an ecologist from North Carolina State University . `` We have less flowers . ''",fallacy of relevance +21,https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack,"`` When I tell people what to expect , I say , 'Well , imagine the opening scene of The Sound of Music was filmed outside of Reno , Nevada , ' `` he says . ``",faulty generalization +22,https://www.npr.org/2018/07/23/630181622/spring-is-springing-sooner-throwing-natures-rhythms-out-of-whack,"`` We are projecting that all of these meadows are going to look like that , '' Harte says , pointing to the gnarled plant . `` We are homogenizing the planet . ''",fallacy of relevance +23,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/09/climate/antarctica-rift-update.html,"But in other parts of Antarctica , similar shelves are holding back enormous amounts of ice , and scientists fear that their future collapse could dump enough ice into the ocean to raise the sea level by many feet .",appeal to emotion +24,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtHreJbr2WM,"He says `` contrary to what your political leader , professor , and newspaper tell you , global warming is dominated by natural factors .",ad populum +25,https://www.theguardian.com/cities/ng-interactive/2017/nov/03/three-degree-world-cities-drowned-global-warming,"Osaka city authorities are investing in other infrastructure to mitigate the effects of flooding , but public education is also vital , according to Toshikazu Nakaaki of the Osaka municipal government ’ s environment bureau .",fallacy of relevance +26,https://www.theguardian.com/cities/ng-interactive/2017/nov/03/three-degree-world-cities-drowned-global-warming,But the same coastline that draws locals to its scenic vistas is threatening to slowly engulf the historic city as sea levels rise due to global warming .,appeal to emotion +27,https://www.theguardian.com/cities/ng-interactive/2017/nov/03/three-degree-world-cities-drowned-global-warming,"Image modelling shows that swaths of Osaka – the commercial heart of a region whose GDP is almost as big as that of the Netherlands – would disappear beneath the water in a 3C world , threatening the local economy and almost a third of the wider region ’ s 19 million residents .",ad populum +28,https://www.theguardian.com/cities/ng-interactive/2017/nov/03/three-degree-world-cities-drowned-global-warming,"As a result of global sea-level rise , storm surges and other factors , economists project that coastal flooding could put almost $ 1tn of Osaka ’ s assets at risk by the 2070s , according to the Union of Concerned Scientists .",ad populum +29,https://www.theguardian.com/cities/ng-interactive/2017/nov/03/three-degree-world-cities-drowned-global-warming,"“ [ We ] still find ourselves in a situation where we are not doing nearly enough to save hundreds of millions of people from a miserable future , ” said Erik Solheim , the UN environment chief , ahead of the upcoming Bonn conference .",appeal to emotion +30,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/aug/06/domino-effect-of-climate-events-could-push-earth-into-a-hothouse-state,"A domino-like cascade of melting ice , warming seas , shifting currents and dying forests could tilt the Earth into a “ hothouse ” state beyond which human efforts to reduce emissions will be increasingly futile , a group of leading climate scientists has warned .",faulty generalization +31,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/aug/06/domino-effect-of-climate-events-could-push-earth-into-a-hothouse-state,"This grim prospect is sketched out in a journal paper that considers the combined consequences of 10 climate change processes , including the release of methane trapped in Siberian permafrost and the impact of melting ice in Greenland on the Antarctic .",appeal to emotion +32,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/aug/06/domino-effect-of-climate-events-could-push-earth-into-a-hothouse-state,Another climate scientist – who was not involved in the paper – emphasised the document aimed to raise questions rather than prove a theory . “,fallacy of credibility +33,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/03/02/climate/atlantic-ocean-climate-change.html,"Dr. Broecker , who died in 2019 , famously warned : “ The climate system is an angry beast and we are poking it with sticks . ”",fallacy of logic +34,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/03/02/climate/atlantic-ocean-climate-change.html,"He points out that , in IPCC jargon , “ very unlikely ” translates to a probability of less than 10 percent . But if a nuclear reactor in your neighborhood had a less-than-10-percent likelihood of blowing up , he asked , “ would you be reassured ? ” “ We still don ’ t know how far away this threshold is where it could break down altogether , ” he said .",fallacy of logic +35,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/05/18/climate/antarctica-ice-melt-climate-change.html,"A rapid disintegration of Antarctica might , in the worst case , cause the sea to rise so fast that tens of millions of coastal refugees would have to flee inland , potentially straining societies to the breaking point .",ad populum +36,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/05/18/climate/antarctica-ice-melt-climate-change.html,"Because the collapse of vulnerable parts of the ice sheet could raise the sea level dramatically , the continued existence of the world ’ s great coastal cities — Miami , New York , Shanghai and many more — is tied to Antarctica ’ s fate .",appeal to emotion +37,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/05/18/climate/antarctica-ice-melt-climate-change.html,"Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level , parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly , causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century . That is double the maximum increase that an international climate panel projected only four years ago .",ad populum +38,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/22/climate/95-degree-day-maps.html,"Extremely hot days , when temperatures soar to 95 degrees Fahrenheit or higher , can be miserable .",appeal to emotion +39,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/22/climate/95-degree-day-maps.html,"By 2100 , Washington could swelter in 95-degree weather for fully one-fifth of the year — around 74 days , on average .",intentional +40,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,Forget what global warming activists would lead you to believe – 2015 was not even close to the hottest year on record .,fallacy of logic +41,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"18 years after 1998 , global warming still has not created the runaway warming we were told to expect .",ad populum +42,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"As I recently reported at Forbes.com , a study presented last month at the American Geophysical Union found that well-sited and well-maintained stations report significantly less warming than the surface station network as a whole . Government overseers collect the raw temperature data from the full network of surface stations and then produce temperature summaries for public distribution .",fallacy of credibility +43,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,Forget what global warming activists would lead you to believe – 2015 was not even close to the hottest year on record .,fallacy of relevance +44,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,A record El Nino resulting in less-than-record temperatures is another sign that global warming is not all that activists crack it up to be .,false causality +45,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"With a record El Nino , we should have experienced record high temperatures . Yet we didn ’ t .",faulty generalization +46,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"Global warming activists do not extend “ the record ” back any further , they say , because it has only been since the late 1800s that we have had a global network of mercury thermometers .",faulty generalization +47,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"Update Jan. 25 , 2016 : As I predicted in this article , global warming activists have indeed made a full-blown public relations effort to claim 2015 was the warmest year on record .",ad hominem +48,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,"Instead , and remarkably , government overseers adjust the data to add more recent warming than is being reported in the raw temperature readings .",faulty generalization +49,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamestaylor/2016/01/14/2015-was-not-even-close-to-hottest-year-on-record/?sh=7170b4ef5539,Only after government overseers make these highly suspect adjustments are temperature “ records ” capable of showing anything approaching record warmth .,ad hominem +50,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"If that ’ s not enough , it has the distinction of being the largest living structure on the planet .",faulty generalization +51,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"Unfortunately , because of back to back mass bleaching events , scientists are telling us that the massive , impressive Australian Great Barrier Reef is now at a ‘ terminal stage ’ —with large portions having no hope of recovery .",faulty generalization +52,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"Unfortunately , because of back to back mass bleaching events , scientists are telling us that the massive , impressive Australian Great Barrier Reef is now at a ‘ terminal stage ’ —with large portions having no hope of recovery .",intentional +53,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"Throughout history , there have only been four instances of this occurrence , and after such an event , it will take decades to recover .",intentional +54,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"In an interview with The Guardian , scientists note just how dire the situation is . “ We ’ ve given up , ” said Jon Brodie , a James Cook University water quality expert , who was referring to inaction on the part of the Australian government . “",intentional +55,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"It ’ s been my life managing water quality , we ’ ve failed . ”",intentional +56,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,"Unfortunately , because of back to back mass bleaching events , scientists are telling us that the massive , impressive Australian Great Barrier Reef is now at a ‘ terminal stage ’ —with large portions having no hope of recovery .",appeal to emotion +57,https://futurism.com/scientists-announce-that-the-great-barrier-reef-is-officially-terminal/,,appeal to emotion +58,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,Mahowald was n't apart of the study but told the AP that `` the new study makes sense and conveys the urgency of the man-made climate change differently than past research . '',fallacy of credibility +59,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"In the next 50 years , somewhere between 1 to 3 billion people are expected to be inflicted with unbearable heat , according to the study .",intentional +60,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"Not only would this have devastating direct effects , it leaves societies less able to cope with future crises like new pandemics .",faulty generalization +61,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"By 2070 , that could be about a third of the overall global population at that time .",intentional +62,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"Greenhouse gas emissions have to be reduced so average annual temperatures do n't rise beyond the approximately 52 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit yearly average that humans have been able to thrive in for the past 6,000 years , USA Today reported .",fallacy of credibility +63,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"Not only would this have devastating direct effects , it leaves societies less able to cope with future crises like new pandemics .",appeal to emotion +64,https://www.businessinsider.com/unlivable-heat-could-impact-more-than-3-billion-by-2070-2020-5,"Not only would this have devastating direct effects , it leaves societies less able to cope with future crises like new pandemics .",intentional +65,"https://www.wsj.com/articles/bjorn-lomborg-the-alarming-thing-about-climate-alarmism-1422832462#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20climate%20change%20is,reality%20or%20not%20a%20problem.&text=But%20the%20narrative%20that%20the,from%20focusing%20on%20smart%20solutions.",The latest study from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that in the previous 15 years temperatures had risen 0.09 degrees Fahrenheit . The average of all models expected 0.8 degrees . So we ’ re seeing about 90 % less temperature rise than expected .,ad populum +66,"https://www.wsj.com/articles/bjorn-lomborg-the-alarming-thing-about-climate-alarmism-1422832462#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20climate%20change%20is,reality%20or%20not%20a%20problem.&text=But%20the%20narrative%20that%20the,from%20focusing%20on%20smart%20solutions.","We are often being told that we ’ re seeing more and more droughts , but a study published last March in the journal Nature actually shows a decrease in the world ’ s surface that has been afflicted by droughts since 1982 .",intentional +67,"https://www.wsj.com/articles/bjorn-lomborg-the-alarming-thing-about-climate-alarmism-1422832462#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20climate%20change%20is,reality%20or%20not%20a%20problem.&text=But%20the%20narrative%20that%20the,from%20focusing%20on%20smart%20solutions.","Yet the trend for landfalling typhoons around the Philippines has actually declined since 1950 , according to a study published in 2012 by the American Meteorological Society ’ s Journal of Climate .",fallacy of credibility +68,"https://www.wsj.com/articles/bjorn-lomborg-the-alarming-thing-about-climate-alarmism-1422832462#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20climate%20change%20is,reality%20or%20not%20a%20problem.&text=But%20the%20narrative%20that%20the,from%20focusing%20on%20smart%20solutions.","Yes , sea levels are rising , but the rise is not accelerating—if anything , two recent papers , one by Chinese scientists published in the January 2014 issue of Global and Planetary Change , and the other by U.S. scientists published in the May 2013 issue of Coastal Engineering , have shown a small decline in the rate of sea-level increase .",fallacy of credibility +69,"https://www.wsj.com/articles/bjorn-lomborg-the-alarming-thing-about-climate-alarmism-1422832462#:~:text=In%20short%2C%20climate%20change%20is,reality%20or%20not%20a%20problem.&text=But%20the%20narrative%20that%20the,from%20focusing%20on%20smart%20solutions.","If we adjust for population and wealth , hurricane damage during the period 1900-2013 decreased slightly .",ad populum +70,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Climate projections also assume that planet Earth is not dynamic and that a temporary terrestrial vertebrate on an evolving planet can change major planetary and extraterrestrial systems .,fallacy of relevance +71,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Even in our own lifetimes , there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by ­humans , yet there is a very close relationship between solar activity and temperature .",faulty generalization +72,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Even in our own lifetimes , there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by ­humans , yet there is a very close relationship between solar activity and temperature .",false dilemma +73,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Do we really believe that one bellowing fan in a crowd of 85,000 at the MCG can completely change the course of a game ?",fallacy of relevance +74,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Do we really believe that one bellowing fan in a crowd of 85,000 at the MCG can completely change the course of a game ?",fallacy of logic +75,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Since the beginning of time , water vapour has been the main greenhouse gas and carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate .",fallacy of credibility +76,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"In the past , the atmospheric carbon dioxide content has been orders of magnitude higher than now , yet there were ice ages .",false causality +77,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"In the past , the atmospheric carbon dioxide content has been orders of magnitude higher than now , yet there were ice ages .",fallacy of logic +78,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Horticulturalists pump warm carbon dioxide into glasshouses to stimulate growth .,fallacy of relevance +79,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Without carbon dioxide , there would be no complex life on earth .",fallacy of relevance +80,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"It is neither pollution nor a poison , and in the past the atmospheric carbon dioxide content has varied enormously .",fallacy of credibility +81,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"As soon as the word emissions entered the language and became part of a religious ideology , electricity prices skyrocketed , electricity supply became more unreliable , subsidies for wind and solar energy went through the roof and employers and consumers had massive cost increases .",ad hominem +82,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"As soon as the word emissions entered the language and became part of a religious ideology , electricity prices skyrocketed , electricity supply became more unreliable , subsidies for wind and solar energy went through the roof and employers and consumers had massive cost increases .",false causality +83,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Even if human-induced global warming could be shown , a reduction in Australian emissions , comprising 1.3 per cent of global annual emissions , is dwarfed by annual increases of 2 per cent globally and 4 per cent by China . Australia ’ s symbolic suicidal climate policy just makes everybody poorer .",intentional +84,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Australia ’ s symbolic suicidal climate policy just makes everybody poorer .,appeal to emotion +85,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"For most of time , Earth has been a warm , wet volcanic planet with no polar ice .",fallacy of credibility +86,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,We are the envy of the world .,appeal to emotion +87,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"This is recognised by the major carbon dioxide emitters such as China , India and the US , which don ’ t comply . No EU state has met its target .",ad populum +88,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,It has yet to be shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive climate change .,intentional +89,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"More than 100 climate models over the past 30 years did not predict what actually happened because it was assumed carbon dioxide had the pivotal role in driving climate change and that the effects of clouds , back-radiation and the sun were trivial .",intentional +90,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Even in our own lifetimes , there is no relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide emissions by ­humans , yet there is a very close relationship between solar activity and temperature .",intentional +91,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Since the beginning of time , water vapour has been the main greenhouse gas and carbon dioxide has had a minuscule effect on global climate .",fallacy of logic +92,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"If the atmosphere comprised 85,000 molecules , the total carbon dioxide emissions added annually would be 33 molecules , of which only one molecule would be from human emissions and the other 32 from natural emissions .",faulty generalization +93,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Why is it that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming yet natural emissions do not ?,intentional +94,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Carbon dioxide is plant food .,fallacy of logic +95,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,Climate projections also assume that planet Earth is not dynamic and that a temporary terrestrial vertebrate on an evolving planet can change major planetary and extraterrestrial systems .,intentional +96,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,We are expected to believe that emission of traces of a trace gas into the atmosphere is a major planetary driving force .,faulty generalization +97,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Do we really believe that one bellowing fan in a crowd of 85,000 at the MCG can completely change the course of a game ?",faulty generalization +98,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"For the past 4567 million years , the sun and the Earth ’ s orbit have driven climate change cycles .",intentional +99,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"If human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming , why have there been slight warmings and coolings since the Industrial Revolution ?",intentional +100,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"Over the past 30 years , planet Earth has greened due to a slight increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide .",intentional +101,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"In addition , when it was warm , life expanded , whereas when it was cold , life contracted . Over historical times , when it was cold there was human depopulation . When it was warm , economies thrived .",false causality +102,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/repeat-after-me-carbon-dioxide-is-good-for-us/news-story/3351d99047e42ab2719250ec26aa6931,"As soon as the word emissions entered the language and became part of a religious ideology , electricity prices skyrocketed , electricity supply became more unreliable , subsidies for wind and solar energy went through the roof and employers and consumers had massive cost increases .",faulty generalization +103,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/18/u-s-scientists-officially-declare-2016-the-hottest-year-on-record-that-makes-three-in-a-row/,"Trump ’ s other nominees , such as State Department nominee Rex Tillerson and Interior Department nominee Ryan Zinke , have been less dismissive of climate change in their confirmation hearings , acknowledging at least some human contribution to the phenomenon but also raising questions either about the extent to which it is human-caused or about our capacity to predict the consequences .",faulty generalization +104,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/18/u-s-scientists-officially-declare-2016-the-hottest-year-on-record-that-makes-three-in-a-row/,"The record comes two days before Donald Trump , who has tweeted that global warming is a “ hoax , ” assumes the presidency and , with it , control over the two science agencies that announced these records .",fallacy of extension +105,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"To the extent that the cost of weather disasters has risen over time , that is well known to be the result of modern society building more infrastructure in areas that are prone to damage from weather—which is almost everywhere .",intentional +106,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"This is because even if the countries of the world agree to do what they promised on climate change , and that climate change is entirely our fault , and that climate change really will ultimately get bad , the promised actions will have no measurable effect on future global temperatures .",fallacy of extension +107,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"So , until people actually experience climate change , and new energy technologies are developed , any claims by politicians that we are in a “ climate crisis ” will fall on deaf ears .",intentional +108,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"You see , many of those countries that have signed on to the Paris Agreement aren ’ t signing up to reduce carbon dioxide emissions . They are signing up for wealth transfers from the minority of advanced countries to the majority of poor countries .",appeal to emotion +109,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Even the modern godfather of global warming , ex-NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies director James Hansen , has admitted that the Paris climate agreement is “ a fraud really , a fake. ”",fallacy of credibility +110,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"The amount of energy necessary for humans to do everything we do is simply too large . As that demand for energy grows , the amount of renewable energy also has to grow , just to maintain only a 15-20 % fraction of the total .",ad populum +111,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"And since the biggest risk to humanity is poverty , if we allow policymakers to have their way , the resulting energy poverty will indeed cause the deaths of some of our children and grandchildren .",appeal to emotion +112,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,Hillary Clinton and Al Gore spoke at Miami-Dade College on October 11 about the “ climate crisis ” that Gore has been trying to convince us about for 20 years .,intentional +113,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Just as in Gore ’ s movie An Inconvenient Truth , weather disasters that have always occurred have been repurposed to support the climate change narrative , with the claim those disasters are getting worse .",intentional +114,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,But the observed warming as monitored by satellites ( our only truly global monitoring system ) has been only about half of what computerized climate models say should be happening .,ad populum +115,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"It has now , even after Hurricane Matthew , been over 4,000 days since a major hurricane ( Category 3 or stronger ) has made landfall in the U.S . Sea level rise , which was occurring long before humans could be blamed , has not accelerated and still amounts to only 1 inch every ten years .",ad populum +116,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Sea level rise , which was occurring long before humans could be blamed , has not accelerated and still amounts to only 1 inch every ten years .",ad populum +117,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Meanwhile , Chapman University has released a survey of the top ten issues Americans fear the most . Guess what ? Climate change didn ’ t make the list .",fallacy of credibility +118,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Global warming and climate change , even if it is 100 % caused by humans , is so slow that it can not be observed by anyone in their lifetime .",intentional +119,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Hurricanes , tornadoes , floods , droughts and other natural disasters have yet to show any obvious long-term change .",intentional +120,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"This means that in order for politicians to advance policy goals ( such as forcing expensive solar energy on the masses or creating a carbon tax ) , they have to turn normal weather disasters into “ evidence ” of climate change .",intentional +121,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Furthermore , the overall increases in such things as hurricanes and tornadoes have not materialized . Drought in the western U.S. pales in comparison to the mega-droughts tree rings tell us existed in centuries past . Lake-bottom sediments in Florida tell us that recent major hurricane activity in the Gulf of Mexico has been less frequent than in centuries past . Strong Sandy-type storms occur every year in all the major ocean basins… they just don ’ t happen to hit major metropolitan areas .",intentional +122,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"If a major hurricane is approaching with a predicted storm surge of 10-14 feet , are you really going to worry about a sea level rise of 1 inch per decade ?",fallacy of relevance +123,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"So , to keep the masses alarmed , politicians must claim that what is normal is actually abnormal—and getting worse . And , furthermore , that only they can fix it … and thereby save your children and grandchildren .",ad hominem +124,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Climate change didn ’ t make the list . Instead , corruption of politicians was the No . 1 worry .",false dilemma +125,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,Strong Sandy-type storms occur every year in all the major ocean basins… they just don ’ t happen to hit major metropolitan areas .,fallacy of logic +126,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"Sea level rise , which was occurring long before humans could be blamed , has not accelerated and still amounts to only 1 inch every ten years .",fallacy of relevance +127,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"If Hillary would have fact-checked her example of sea level rise in Norfolk , Virginia , she would have found out that the experts already know this is mostly due to the land there sinking .",ad hominem +128,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"To the extent that the cost of weather disasters has risen over time , that is well known to be the result of modern society building more infrastructure in areas that are prone to damage from weather—which is almost everywhere .",false dilemma +129,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"You see , many of those countries that have signed on to the Paris Agreement aren ’ t signing up to reduce carbon dioxide emissions . They are signing up for wealth transfers from the minority of advanced countries to the majority of poor countries .",equivocation +130,http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2016/10/25/hillary-clinton-boards-the-climate-crisis-train-to-nowhere/,"So , until people actually experience climate change , and new energy technologies are developed , any claims by politicians that we are in a “ climate crisis ” will fall on deaf ears .",faulty generalization +131,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"Greenland 's ice sheet has melted to a point of no return , and efforts to slow global warming will not stop it from disintegrating .",false dilemma +132,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"Ice melting in Greenland contributes more than a millimeter rise to sea level every year , and that 's likely to get worse .",false causality +133,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"Greenland 's ice sheet has melted to a point of no return , and efforts to slow global warming will not stop it from disintegrating . That 's according to a new study by researchers at Ohio State University . +``",fallacy of credibility +134,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"Sea levels are projected to rise by more than 3 feet by the end of the century , wiping away beaches and coastal properties .",faulty generalization +135,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"Coastal states like Florida , and low-lying island nations are particularly vulnerable . Just 3 feet of sea level rise could put large areas of coastline underwater . Forty percent of the US population resides in coastal areas that are vulnerable to sea level rise . +``",equivocation +136,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,"The study also found that the ice sheet is retreating in rapid bursts , leading to a sudden and unpredictable rise in sea levels , making it difficult to prepare for the effects .",faulty generalization +137,https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/14/weather/greenland-ice-sheet/index.html,,faulty generalization +138,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"As global warming pushes temperatures up , more people will die in heat waves ; a point emphasized by campaigners like UN climate chief , Christiana Figueres . What we don ’ t hear from her is that fewer people will die from cold .",fallacy of relevance +139,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"As the world develops , it has become much less vulnerable : a hurricane hitting Florida kills few people while a similar event in Guatemala kills tens of thousands .",ad populum +140,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"A recent Nature study expecting more severe hurricanes from global warming still found that damages would halve from 0.04 per cent to 0.02 per cent of global GDP , because the increased ferocity would be more than made up by increased prosperity and resilience .",ad populum +141,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Yet , a new study of 60 climate models and scenarios shows this warning fails to take into account the fact that global warming will mean precipitation increases . Indeed , water flow will actually increase over this century , which is likely beneficial in increasing “ water availability in the Indus Basin irrigation scheme during the spring growing seasons . ” If our climate conversation managed to include the good along with the bad , we would have a much better understanding of our options .",intentional +142,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,A climate economics approach finds that today – contrary to the alarmists ’ massive insistence on negatives-only stories – global warming causes about as much damage as benefits .,fallacy of relevance +143,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Over time , climate becomes a net problem : by the 2070s , the UN Climate Panel finds that global warming will likely cause damage equivalent to 0.2 per cent to 2 per cent of global GDP . This is certainly not a trivial cost , but nor is it the end of the world . It is perhaps half the social cost of alcohol today .",ad populum +144,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,The Paris climate treaty will cost around 2 per cent of global GDP and fix much less than a tenth of the problem .,ad populum +145,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,Electric cars provide perhaps a thousandth in climate benefit of their substantial public subsidies .,ad populum +146,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,Less effective but more ambitious climate policies cost at least 6 per cent of global GDP per year and likely much more .,ad populum +147,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Last week , a study in the prestigious journal Nature revealed just how much CO₂ increases have greened the Earth over the past three decades . Because CO₂ acts as a fertilizer , as much as half of all vegetated land is persistently greener today .",fallacy of credibility +148,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Similarly , we know that many more people die from cold than from heat .",fallacy of relevance +149,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Because CO₂ acts as a fertilizer , as much as half of all vegetated land is persistently greener today . This ought to be a cause for great joy .",fallacy of logic +150,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,Many other major news outlets did not even report on the study .,ad populum +151,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,Only mentioning the negatives distorts and degrades the political conversation .,faulty generalization +152,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,"Yet , a new study of 60 climate models and scenarios shows this warning fails to take into account the fact that global warming will mean precipitation increases .",fallacy of relevance +153,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/05/no-one-ever-says-it-but-in-many-ways-global-warming-will-be-a-go/,,ad hominem +154,http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-worse-water-temperature-reading-scientists-global-warming-ice-melt-weather-a8020696.html,"The methodology widely used to understand sea temperatures in the scientific community may be based on a mistake , the new study suggests , and so our understanding of climate change might be fundamentally flawed .",fallacy of credibility +155,http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-worse-water-temperature-reading-scientists-global-warming-ice-melt-weather-a8020696.html,"The new research suggests that the oceans hundreds of millions of years ago were much cooler than we thought . If true , that means that the global warming we are currently undergoing is unparallelled within the last 100 million years , and far worse than we had previously calculated .",fallacy of credibility +156,http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-worse-water-temperature-reading-scientists-global-warming-ice-melt-weather-a8020696.html,"The research challenges the ways that researchers have worked out sea temperatures until now , meaning that they may be increasing quicker than previously suggested .",false causality +157,http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/climate-change-worse-water-temperature-reading-scientists-global-warming-ice-melt-weather-a8020696.html,"If true , that means that the global warming we are currently undergoing is unparallelled within the last 100 million years , and far worse than we had previously calculated .",fallacy of extension +158,https://thinkprogress.org/alaskas-vicious-cycle-warming-tundra-spews-co2-speeding-up-warming-8cf7aec95fc7,"Thawing permafrost can release not just CO2 , but also methane , a much stronger heat-trapping gas .",intentional +159,https://thinkprogress.org/alaskas-vicious-cycle-warming-tundra-spews-co2-speeding-up-warming-8cf7aec95fc7,Since CO2 is the primary heat-trapping greenhouse gas — and since the permafrost contains twice as much carbon as the atmosphere does today — this means a vicious cycle has begun that will speed up global warming .,appeal to emotion +160,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,But it has little to do with what recent headlines have been saying about the hottest year ever . It is called business as usual .,intentional +161,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,"Until last June , most scientists acknowledged that warming reached a peak in the late 1990s , and since then had plateaued in a “ hiatus. ”",fallacy of credibility +162,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,"NOAA ’ s alteration of its measurement standard and other changes produced a result that could have been predicted : a marginally significant warming trend in the data over the past several years , erasing the temperature plateau that vexed climate alarmists have found difficult to explain .",ad populum +163,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,But it has little to do with what recent headlines have been saying about the hottest year ever . It is called business as usual .,equivocation +164,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,"NOAA ’ s alteration of its measurement standard and other changes produced a result that could have been predicted : a marginally significant warming trend in the data over the past several years , erasing the temperature plateau that vexed climate alarmists have found difficult to explain .",ad hominem +165,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-climate-snow-job-1453664732,Whether temperatures have warmed much since then depends on what you look at .,intentional +166,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"If it ’ s science , it isn ’ t consensus .",false dilemma +167,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,Humans have had no detectable impact on hurricanes over the past century . . . . Greenland ’ s ice sheet isn ’ t shrinking any more rapidly today than it was eighty years ago . . . .,intentional +168,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,The extent of global fires has been trending significantly downward .,intentional +169,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Global crop yields are rising , not falling .",intentional +170,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Humans have had no detectable impact on hurricanes over the past century . . . . Greenland ’ s ice sheet isn ’ t shrinking any more rapidly today than it was eighty years ago . . . . The net economic impact of human-induced climate change will be minimal through at least the end of this century . ” +But Mr. Koonin is no “ climate denier , ” to use the concocted phrase used to shut down debate .",intentional +171,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"It ’ s a big problem , he says , when models can ’ t retroactively “ predict ” events that have already happened .",intentional +172,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,The rate of sea-level rise has not accelerated .,intentional +173,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"As Mr Koonin illustrates , tornado frequency and severity are also not trending up ; nor are the number and severity of droughts .",intentional +174,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"As Mr Koonin illustrates , tornado frequency and severity are also not trending up ; nor are the number and severity of droughts .",fallacy of extension +175,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"And while global atmospheric CO2 levels are obviously higher now than two centuries ago , they ’ re not at any record planetary high—they ’ re at a low that has only been seen once before in the past 500 million years .",intentional +176,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"But science itself is not conducted by polls , regardless of how often we are urged to heed a “ scientific consensus ” on climate .",intentional +177,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,The word “ denier ” is of course meant to associate skeptics of climate alarmism with Holocaust deniers .,fallacy of extension +178,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Mr. Koonin finds this label particularly abhorrent , since “ the Nazis killed more than two hundred of my relatives in Eastern Europe. ”",fallacy of relevance +179,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"And while global atmospheric CO2 levels are obviously higher now than two centuries ago , they ’ re not at any record planetary high—they ’ re at a low that has only been seen once before in the past 500 million years .",fallacy of credibility +180,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,Mr. Koonin laments the sloppiness of those using local weather “ events ” to make claims about long-cycle planetary phenomena . He chastises not so much local news media as journalists with prestigious national media who should know better .,ad hominem +181,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"This attribution error evokes one of Mr. Koonin ’ s rare rebukes : “ Pointing to hurricanes as an example of the ravages of human-caused climate change is at best unconvincing , and at worst plainly dishonest . ”",fallacy of extension +182,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"He should know , having written one of the first textbooks on using computers to model physics phenomena .",fallacy of credibility +183,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Mr. Koonin ’ s science credentials are impeccable—unlike , say , those of one well-known Swedish teenager to whom the media affords great attention on climate matters .",ad hominem +184,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Mr. Koonin ’ s science credentials are impeccable—unlike , say , those of one well-known Swedish teenager to whom the media affords great attention on climate matters .",fallacy of credibility +185,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,"Since all the data that Mr. Koonin uses are available to others , he poses the obvious question : “ Why haven ’ t you heard these facts before ? ”",intentional +186,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,We ’ ll see if that happens in a world in which politicians assert the science is settled and plan astronomical levels of spending to replace the nation ’ s massive infrastructures with “ green ” alternatives .,intentional +187,https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/unsettled-review-theconsensus-on-climate-11619383653,He begins with a kind of trigger warning for readers who may be shocked by the book ’ s contradiction of four points of climate orthodoxy : “ Heat waves in the US are now no more common than they were in 1900 ” and “ the warmest temperatures in the US have not risen in the past fifty years . . . .,ad hominem +188,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,So no — I would not agree that it ’ s a primary contributor to the global warming that we see . But we don ’ t know that yet . We need to continue the debate and continue the review and the analysis . ”,fallacy of extension +189,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"Yet for all the hyperventilating , Pruitt ’ s answer to the question he was asked — whether carbon dioxide is the climate ’ s “ primary control knob ” — was entirely sound . “ We don ’ t know that yet , ” he said .",ad hominem +190,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"CO2 is certainly a heat-trapping greenhouse gas , but hardly the primary one : Water vapor accounts for about 95 percent of greenhouse gases .",false dilemma +191,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,Adding more CO2 molecules to the atmosphere is like painting over a red wall with white paint — the first coat does most of the work of concealing the red .,fallacy of extension +192,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"The more variables there are in any system or train of events , the lower the probability of all of them coming to pass .",fallacy of credibility +193,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"But for the sake of argument , say there are merely 15 variables involved in predicting global climate change , and assume that climatologists have mastered each one to a near-perfect accuracy of 95 percent .",fallacy of extension +194,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,,appeal to emotion +195,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"CO2 is certainly a heat-trapping greenhouse gas , but hardly the primary one : Water vapor accounts for about 95 percent of greenhouse gases . By contrast , carbon dioxide is only a trace component in the atmosphere : about 400 ppm ( parts per million ) , or 0.04 percent .",ad populum +196,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,Adding more CO2 molecules to the atmosphere is like painting over a red wall with white paint — the first coat does most of the work of concealing the red .,faulty generalization +197,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"There is a popular theory that atmospheric CO2 amplifies the creation of water vapor , thereby increasing warming through a “ positive feedback loop. ” But that theory so far is mostly speculative ; climate projections using models based on it have consistently failed , nearly always predicting far more warming than has occurred .",fallacy of logic +198,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"It should go without saying that if scientists can not yet make accurate predictions about future climate change , then their understanding of climate science remains highly incomplete .",circular reasoning +199,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"It is affected by innumerable interacting variables , atmospheric CO2 levels being just one . The more variables there are in any system or train of events , the lower the probability of all of them coming to pass .",ad populum +200,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"Your odds of correctly guessing the outcome of a flipped coin are 1 in 2 , but your odds of guessing correctly twice in a row are only 1 in 4 — i.e. , ½ x ½ Extending your winning streak to a third guess is even less probable : just 1 in 8 . Apply that approach to climate change , and it becomes clear why the best response to the alarmists ’ frantic predictions is a healthy skepticism .",faulty generalization +201,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"A comprehensive list would run to hundreds , if not thousands , of elements , none of which scientists would claim to understand with absolute precision .",ad populum +202,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,"But for the sake of argument , say there are merely 15 variables involved in predicting global climate change , and assume that climatologists have mastered each one to a near-perfect accuracy of 95 percent . What are the odds that a climate model built on a system that simple would be reliable ? Less than 50/50 . ( Multiplying .95 by itself 15 times yields 46.3 percent . )",faulty generalization +203,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,Is it any surprise that climate-change predictions in the real world — where the complexities are exponentially greater and the exactitude of knowledge much less — have such a poor track record ?,faulty generalization +204,https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/columns/2017/03/14/why-are-climate-change-models-flawed-because-climate-science-incomplete/hekwjPBTScRpFyXaXnrWhI/story.html,The science is far from settled .,false dilemma +205,https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/07/06/global-warming-double-what-models-predict-study/760748002/,"The rate of warming is also remarkable : “ The changes we see today are much faster than anything encountered in Earth ’ s history . In terms of rate of change , we are in uncharted waters , ” said study co-author Katrin Meissner of the University of New South Wales in Australia .",fallacy of relevance +206,https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/07/06/global-warming-double-what-models-predict-study/760748002/,"“ Even with just 2 degrees of warming – and potentially just 1.5 degrees – significant impacts on the Earth system are profound , ” said study co-author Alan Mix , a scientist from Oregon State University .",fallacy of credibility +207,https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2018/10/31/startling-new-research-finds-large-buildup-heat-oceans-suggesting-faster-rate-global-warming/,"In one instance , the administration relied on an assumption that the planet will warm a disastrous seven degrees Fahrenheit , or about four degrees Celsius , by the end of the century in arguing that a proposal to ease vehicle fuel-efficiency standards would have only minor climate impacts .",intentional +208,https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2018/10/31/startling-new-research-finds-large-buildup-heat-oceans-suggesting-faster-rate-global-warming/,"That we could get confirmation from atmospheric gases of ocean heat content is extraordinary , ” said Joellen Russell , a professor and oceanographer at the University of Arizona . “ You ’ ve got the A team here on this paper . ”",fallacy of credibility +209,http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-5916967/Global-warming-blame-heat-records-worldwide-experts-warn-heatwave-continue.html,"'If we do nothing to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions , the kind of extreme heat we saw this past summer will be the norm when my young son is a grown man . '",appeal to emotion +210,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/02/26/north-pole-surges-above-freezing-in-the-dead-of-winter-stunning-scientists/,"It happened in four years between 1980-2010 , but has now occurred in four out of the last five winters . ”",ad populum +211,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/02/26/north-pole-surges-above-freezing-in-the-dead-of-winter-stunning-scientists/,"The rise in Arctic temperatures is probably also tied to a sudden warming of the stratosphere , the atmospheric layer about 30,000 feet high — above where most weather happens — that occurred several weeks ago , Moore said .",false causality +212,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/02/26/north-pole-surges-above-freezing-in-the-dead-of-winter-stunning-scientists/,"Whether a blip or indicative of a new normal , scientists have uniformly expressed disbelief at the current Arctic temperatures and the state of the sea ice .",fallacy of credibility +213,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"The impact of humans on Earth is unparalleled , with scientists arguing our actions have tipped the planet into a new era - the Anthropocene - with fallout from nuclear bombs now written into the rocks beneath our feet , and species facing extinction at 1,000 times the usual rate .",faulty generalization +214,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"The impact of humans on Earth is unparalleled , with scientists arguing our actions have tipped the planet into a new era - the Anthropocene - with fallout from nuclear bombs now written into the rocks beneath our feet , and species facing extinction at 1,000 times the usual rate .",intentional +215,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,However the warming trend is slower than most climate models have forecast .,intentional +216,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Yet , some scientists argue that the gas is not capable of producing the extreme temperature rises seen in recent decades .",intentional +217,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"In its 5th assessment report in 2013 , the IPCC estimated that human emissions are probably responsible for more than half of the observed increase in global average temperature from 1951 to 2010 .",intentional +218,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Yet , some scientists argue that the gas is not capable of producing the extreme temperature rises seen in recent decades .",fallacy of credibility +219,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"However , some experts argue that carbon dioxide is only a minor player in this atmospheric hothouse effect .",intentional +220,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"CO2 is not powerful in that sense , the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener . Carbon Dioxide is playing a minor role in the total greenhouse effect . ”",intentional +221,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,Yet other scientists claim this is a red herring because of the positive feedback loop created by water vapour .,faulty generalization +222,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,Even the BBC has admitted to Ofcom that the corporation is now biased on the matter because it no longer thinks there is a counter-argument .,ad hominem +223,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"The MWP lasted from about 950 to 1250AD , and temperature records appear to show it was even hotter than today , allowing grain crops to flourish , the global population to soar and wine grapes to be planted in England for the first time in hundreds of years .",faulty generalization +224,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Skeptics claim such anomalies prove that Earth can quickly warm and cool even in the absence of carbon dioxide , and any warming today may be caused by similar natural events .",faulty generalization +225,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,The IPCC no longer includes the ‘ Hockey stick ’ chart in its reports .,intentional +226,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"As we have already seen , during this time , the Northern Hemisphere experienced ‘ The Little Ice Age ’ where crops failed and plague wiped out tens of millions of people showing a clear correlation between solar activity and temperature on Earth . Likewise , there was also high solar activity during the Medieval Warm Period .",faulty generalization +227,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today ’ s climate than carbon dioxide , and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America , Canada and Mexico rises and falls in line with solar activity .",faulty generalization +228,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Contents of the emails suggested scientists had been hiding or manipulating data , preventing people accessing their figures and working to stop papers critical of their findings from being published .",ad hominem +229,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Just like Dr Mann ’ s ‘ hockey stick ’ graph he had cut off the tree-ring data just at the point where it stopped showing an upward trend and swapped in thermometer temperatures for recent decades , making them look much warmer .",intentional +230,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"In an interview with the BBC after the scandal broke , Dr Jones admitted there had been ‘ no statistically significant global warming since 1995.",intentional +231,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"The figure traditionally cited that suggests 97 per cent of climate scientists agree that global warming is man-made was also found to be flawed . A survey which claimed to have questioned 10,257 academics , was found to have winnowed down the sample to just 77 .",intentional +232,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,A poll of 1854 members of the American Meteorological Society found the number who believe climate change to be man-made to be 52 per cent .,fallacy of credibility +233,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"Climate skeptics argue temperature records have been adjusted in recent years to make the past appear cooler and the present warmer , although the Carbon Brief showed that NOAA has actually made the past warmer , evening out the difference .",intentional +234,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,The difference between recorded temperatures and reported temperatures has been slowly rising in recent years .,intentional +235,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,It is projected to rise another one to four by 2100 .,intentional +236,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"A survey which claimed to have questioned 10,257 academics , was found to have winnowed down the sample to just 77 .",intentional +237,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,Some of Dr Soon ’ s work is paid for by oil companies who clearly have a vested interest in making the blame for global warming fall elsewhere .,intentional +238,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"The figure traditionally cited that suggests 97 per cent of climate scientists agree that global warming is man-made was also found to be flawed . A survey which claimed to have questioned 10,257 academics , was found to have winnowed down the sample to just 77 . A poll of 1854 members of the American Meteorological Society found the number who believe climate change to be man-made to be 52 per cent .",ad populum +239,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"However , some experts argue that carbon dioxide is only a minor player in this atmospheric hothouse effect .",equivocation +240,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"As we have already seen , during this time , the Northern Hemisphere experienced ‘ The Little Ice Age ’ where crops failed and plague wiped out tens of millions of people showing a clear correlation between solar activity and temperature on Earth . Likewise , there was also high solar activity during the Medieval Warm Period . Some scientists believe that solar activity is more likely to influence today ’ s climate than carbon dioxide , and Dr Soon has compiled data showing temperature in America , Canada and Mexico rises and falls in line with solar activity .",false causality +241,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2019/10/15/climate-change-fake-news-global-threat-science/,"And , can today ’ s climate models be trusted when scientists have misrepresented the data in the past ?",intentional +242,https://www.usatoday.com/story/weather/2017/02/08/sea-ice-record-low-arctic-antarctic/97646824/,,fallacy of credibility +243,https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/11044576/new-island-antarctica-climate-change/,"CLIMATE change in Antarctica may be linked to a never-before-seen island emerging from the ocean , experts have said . The uncharted island is actually big enough to spot from space but may have gone unnoticed due to previously being hidden beneath a lot of ice , a Nature report suggests .",false causality +244,https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/11044576/new-island-antarctica-climate-change/,"Extreme melting and changes to the climate may have released pressure on to the continent , allowing the ground to rise up , a Nature report claims .",false causality +245,https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/11044576/new-island-antarctica-climate-change/,"Rebounding ground can accelerate the ice cracking and falling away , which may be what happened with this new island that potentially emerged off the coast of Antarctica around 2010 .",false causality +246,https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/11044576/new-island-antarctica-climate-change/,"According to Nature News , experts are n't sure how long the island has been visible but they think climate change may be behind its appearance .",false causality +247,https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/11044576/new-island-antarctica-climate-change/,"Extreme melting and changes to the climate may have released pressure on to the continent , allowing the ground to rise up , a Nature report claims .",fallacy of credibility +248,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"The slowdown in warming was , she added , real , and all the evidence suggested that since 1998 , the rate of global warming has been much slower than predicted by computer models – about 1C per century .",fallacy of logic +249,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,Global average temperatures over land have plummeted by more than 1C since the middle of this year – their biggest and steepest fall on record .,intentional +250,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"But it is almost certain that next year , large falls will also be measured over the oceans , and by weather station thermometers on the surface of the planet – exactly as happened after the end of the last very strong El Nino in 1998 .",faulty generalization +251,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,Global average temperatures over land have plummeted by more than 1C since the middle of this year – their biggest and steepest fall on record .,intentional +252,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,The news comes amid mounting evidence that the recent run of world record high temperatures is about to end .,intentional +253,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,The news comes amid mounting evidence that the recent run of world record high temperatures is about to end .,intentional +254,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"Others have argued that the records were caused by El Nino , a complex natural phenomenon that takes place every few years , and has nothing to do with greenhouse gas emissions by humans .",fallacy of relevance +255,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,Dr Schmidt also denied that there was any ‘ pause ’ or ‘ hiatus ’ in global warming between the 1998 and 2015 El Ninos .,intentional +256,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"Whitehouse , a scientist who works with Lord Lawson ’ s sceptic Global Warming Policy Foundation , said the massive fall in temperatures following the end of El Nino meant the warming hiatus or slowdown may be coming back .",faulty generalization +257,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"Others have argued that the records were caused by El Nino , a complex natural phenomenon that takes place every few years , and has nothing to do with greenhouse gas emissions by humans .",intentional +258,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"Others have argued that the records were caused by El Nino , a complex natural phenomenon that takes place every few years , and has nothing to do with greenhouse gas emissions by humans .",faulty generalization +259,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"This also has worldwide impacts , driving temperatures down rather than up .",intentional +260,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3974846/Stunning-new-data-indicates-El-Nino-drove-record-highs-global-temperatures-suggesting-rise-not-man-emissions.html,"‘ According to the satellites , the late 2016 temperatures are returning to the levels they were at after the 1998 El Nino .",intentional +261,http://dailycaller.com/2017/11/29/study-satellites-show-no-acceleration-in-global-warming-for-23-years/,"“ We indicated 23 years ago — in our 1994 Nature article — that climate models had the atmosphere ’ s sensitivity to CO2 much too high , ” Christy said in a statement . “ This recent paper bolsters that conclusion . ”",fallacy of credibility +262,http://dailycaller.com/2017/11/29/study-satellites-show-no-acceleration-in-global-warming-for-23-years/,"Those eruptions meant there was more subsequent warming in the following years , making the rate of warming appear to be rising as a result of man-made emissions or other factors , Christy said .",equivocation +263,http://dailycaller.com/2017/11/29/study-satellites-show-no-acceleration-in-global-warming-for-23-years/,"While many scientists have acknowledged the mismatch between model predictions and actual temperature observations , few have really challenged the validity of the models themselves .",fallacy of logic +264,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Americans receive a daily barrage from the fake news media and climate “ experts ” reporting that each and every day , week , month or year is the hottest on record due to global warming .",ad hominem +265,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Sadly , these supposed experts use mathematical equations that do not jive with reality over the past 140 years .",ad hominem +266,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"The highest record temperature ever reported was 136 degrees Fahrenheit in Libya in 1922 . The record high temperature for the United States was 134 degrees Fahrenheit in Death Valley , California in 1913 . Fossil fuel emissions in 1913 and 1922 were negligible compared to today .",false dilemma +267,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"We hope these examples , right out of the weather record books , compiled by C.C . Burt in his book Extreme Weather Changes , will help you to understand the scams alarmists are trying to pull .",appeal to emotion +268,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Once again , the data does not support the claim that the United States is hotter than ever as a result of rising Carbon dioxide levels .",fallacy of relevance +269,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"However , since 1998 , little warming has occurred while carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase .",fallacy of relevance +270,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Once again , the data does not support the claim that the United States is hotter than ever as a result of rising Carbon dioxide levels .",fallacy of relevance +271,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,The idea that climate change is producing heat records across the Earth is among the most egregious manipulations of data in the absurd global warming debate .,fallacy of logic +272,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Americans receive a daily barrage from the fake news media and climate “ experts ” reporting that each and every day , week , month or year is the hottest on record due to global warming .",fallacy of extension +273,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Sadly , these supposed experts use mathematical equations that do not jive with reality over the past 140 years .",fallacy of logic +274,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,Many of these fear mongers also say we should stop burning fossil fuels that are causing this mayhem .,ad hominem +275,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,Is the Earth truly experiencing the hottest weather on record ? Absolutely not .,fallacy of logic +276,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"These zealots would like you to believe that due to fossil fuel emissions , summers are now longer and hotter while winters are shorter and milder .",ad hominem +277,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"The highest record temperature ever reported was 136 degrees Fahrenheit in Libya in 1922 . The record high temperature for the United States was 134 degrees Fahrenheit in Death Valley , California in 1913 . Fossil fuel emissions in 1913 and 1922 were negligible compared to today .",ad populum +278,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"The coldest temperature ever reported was minus 129 degrees Fahrenheit in Vostok , Antarctica , in 1983 when Carbon dioxide emissions were five times higher than in 1913 . The coldest temperature in the lower 48 states ( excluding Alaska ) of minus 64 degrees Fahrenheit was recorded in 1996 in Embarrass , Minnesota .",ad populum +279,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"We hope these examples , right out of the weather record books , compiled by C.C . Burt in his book Extreme Weather Changes , will help you to understand the scams alarmists are trying to pull .",fallacy of credibility +280,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,These examples all illustrate that cherry-picking record high temperatures in isolated locations tells absolutely nothing about the Earth ’ s climate .,intentional +281,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"The strongest heat wave ever recorded occurred in July 1936 , generating high temperatures in half of America ’ s 50 states . In 1935 , fossil fuel emissions were 25 times lower than today .",false causality +282,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Interesting that the figure above shows the most severe historic cold wave during the past century took place in 1936 , which was the same year when the strongest heat wave took place .",false causality +283,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"However , since 1998 , little warming has occurred while carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase . This is totally consistent with variations in the amount of heat the Earth receives from the Sun .",false causality +284,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"These facts are completely supported by 4,000 ocean floats which measure ocean temperatures at a variety of depths .",fallacy of relevance +285,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,Isn ’ t it time to start ignoring the calamitous annual claims that this is the hottest year on record ?,fallacy of credibility +286,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"However , since 1998 , little warming has occurred while carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase .",fallacy of logic +287,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"The highest record temperature ever reported was 136 degrees Fahrenheit in Libya in 1922 . The record high temperature for the United States was 134 degrees Fahrenheit in Death Valley , California in 1913 . Fossil fuel emissions in 1913 and 1922 were negligible compared to today .",intentional +288,https://www.westernjournal.com/media-hysteria-climate-change-heat-records-huge-data-manipulation/,"Did the Earth experience its hottest temperature ever this year ? The answer is no . The highest record temperature ever reported was 136 degrees Fahrenheit in Libya in 1922 . The record high temperature for the United States was 134 degrees Fahrenheit in Death Valley , California in 1913 . Fossil fuel emissions in 1913 and 1922 were negligible compared to today .",intentional +289,https://www.cnn.com/2015/05/05/opinions/sutter-sea-level-climate/index.html,,appeal to emotion +290,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"In 2007 , with the aid of scientists such as Wieslaw Maslowski and Peter Wadhams , the BBC and others were telling us that the Arctic would be totally “ ice free by 2013 ” ( the Independent even cleared its front page to announce that the ice could all have disappeared within weeks ) . By 2011 , the BBC ’ s science editor Richard Black was telling us that the ice would “ probably be gone within this decade ” . In 2012 , his colleague Roger Harrabin was reporting that the sea ice was now melting so fast that more had vanished that summer than “ at any time since satellite records began ” .",intentional +291,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"Al Gore , set out to paddle a kayak to the North Pole – only to have to abort his trip after a few days because “ the ice was too thick ” . In 2009 , the three-man Caitlin expedition , sponsored by a “ climate risk ” insurance company , and backed by the BBC and the Prince of Wales , set out to walk to the North Pole . Their intention was to measure the thickness of the vanishing ice with an electronic instrument , but it froze so hard that they had to resort to a tape measure . Again , after a few weeks , they had to be airlifted back to a rescue ship because the constantly shifting ice was “ too thick ” .",intentional +292,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,But wasn ’ t the whole point of this warming that it was meant to be “ global ” ?,intentional +293,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,Two events last week brought yet further twists to one of the longest-running farces of our modern world .,ad hominem +294,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"One was the revelation by the European Space Agency that in 2013 and 2014 , after years when the volume of Arctic ice had been diminishing , it increased again by as much as 33 per cent . The other was that Canadian scientists studying the effect of climate change on Arctic ice from an icebreaker had to suspend their research , when their vessel was called to the aid of other ships trapped in the thickest summer ice seen in Hudson Bay for 20 years .",intentional +295,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"In 2012 , his colleague Roger Harrabin was reporting that the sea ice was now melting so fast that more had vanished that summer than “ at any time since satellite records began ” .",intentional +296,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"In December 2013 , the world followed agog the plight of yet another “ scientific expedition ” , when 52 climate activists , accompanied by reporters from the BBC and the Guardian , sailed into the Antarctic to measure the effects of global warming on its sea-ice . By Christmas their ship was so dangerously trapped by thick , multi-year ice that they had to be helicoptered to a Chinese ship 10 miles away , which itself then got so trapped in ice that they had to be airlifted again to two other ships even further away .",intentional +297,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"By Christmas their ship was so dangerously trapped by thick , multi-year ice that they had to be helicoptered to a Chinese ship 10 miles away , which itself then got so trapped in ice that they had to be airlifted again to two other ships even further away .",intentional +298,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"But , alas , it just isn ’ t happening .",intentional +299,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,In recent years there has been more polar ice in the world than at any time since satellite records began in 1979 .,intentional +300,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,"In the very year they had forecast that the Arctic would be “ ice free ” , its thickness increased by a third . Polar bear numbers are rising , not falling . Temperatures in Greenland have shown no increase for decades .",intentional +301,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/11763272/How-Arctic-ice-has-made-fools-of-all-those-poor-warmists.html,The greatest scare story of all simply isn ’ t turning out as their computer models predicted .,intentional +302,http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-41653511,A synthesis of more than 350 publications on the effects of ocean acidification - which will be given to climate delegates at next month 's summit - reveals that almost half of the marine animal species tested reacted negatively to already moderate increases in seawater CO2 concentrations .,faulty generalization +303,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"For the past 500 million years , the atmospheric carbon dioxide content has been decreasing and if we halved today ’ s atmospheric carbon dioxide content , all life would die .",false dilemma +304,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"In the past decade China has increased its carbon dioxide emissions by 53 per cent , 12 times Australia ’ s total carbon dioxide output of 1.3 per cent of the global total .",fallacy of relevance +305,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"If we were so passionately concerned about our carbon footprint , then the best thing to do is to expire .",false dilemma +306,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"In our lifetime , there has been no correlation between carbon dioxide emissions and temperature .",false causality +307,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"On a larger scale , the ice caps show that after a natural orbitally driven warming , atmospheric carbon dioxide content increases 800 years later . Rather than atmos­pheric carbon dioxide driving temperature , it is the opposite .",false causality +308,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,Geology shows us again there is no correlation between atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperature . Each of the six major past ice ages began when the atmospheric carbon dioxide content was far higher than at present .,false causality +309,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"The attack on emissions of the gas of life is an irrational attack on industry , our modern way of life , freedoms and prosperity .",appeal to emotion +310,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"By ignoring history and geology , any claim of unusual weather can be made sensational .",intentional +311,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas . Just because we are alive today does not mean we change major planetary systems that operated for billions of years .,fallacy of credibility +312,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"These processes involve a transfer of energy , and water vapour makes the atmosphere behave like a giant airconditioner .",fallacy of logic +313,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,Water is 12 times more effective than carbon dioxide with respect to all incoming and outgoing radiation .,ad populum +314,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"In the past , warming has never been a threat to life on Earth . Why should it be now ?",fallacy of credibility +315,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,We are not living in a period of catastrophic climate change . The past tells us it ’ s business as usual .,fallacy of credibility +316,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,It has never been shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming .,intentional +317,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"Carbon dioxide is plant food . It is neither a pollutant nor a toxin . Without carbon dioxide , all life on Earth would die .",fallacy of extension +318,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,The fossil record shows that a thriving and diversification of plant and animal life occurs every time the atmosphere had a very high carbon dioxide content .,false causality +319,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,The role of the sun and clouds was not considered important by modellers . They are the major drivers for the climate on our planet .,fallacy of relevance +320,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"When there is a low atmospheric carbon dioxide content , especially during very cold times , life struggles .",equivocation +321,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"As soon as the words carbon footprint , emissions , pollution , and decarbonisation , climate emergency , extreme weather , unprecedented and extinction are used , I know I am being conned by ignorant activ­ists , populist scaremonger­ing , vote-chasing politicians and rent seekers .",ad hominem +322,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"There are no carbon emissions . If there were , we could not see because most carbon is black .",fallacy of logic +323,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,We ’ ve had reefs on planet Earth for 3500 million years . They came and went many times .,equivocation +324,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,Just because we are alive today does not mean we change major planetary systems that operated for billions of years .,false dilemma +325,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,Carbon dioxide is plant food . It is neither a pollutant nor a toxin .,false dilemma +326,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"In the past , warming has never been a threat to life on Earth . Why should it be now ?",faulty generalization +327,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"If we were so passionately concerned about our carbon footprint , then the best thing to do is to expire .",fallacy of logic +328,https://www.theaustralian.com.au/commentary/lets-not-pollute-minds-with-carbon-fears/news-story/1a215e8b9d2d958f597654ea7b591bcc,"The attack on emissions of the gas of life is an irrational attack on industry , our modern way of life , freedoms and prosperity .",fallacy of extension +329,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/03/19/the-arctics-carbon-bomb-might-be-even-more-potent-than-we-thought/?utm_term=.11dbcfb64830,"The study was “ very nicely done , ” she said , but the tendency of wet soils to produce methane could be counteracted by several factors .",fallacy of credibility +330,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/03/19/the-arctics-carbon-bomb-might-be-even-more-potent-than-we-thought/?utm_term=.11dbcfb64830,Now even that silver lining is in doubt .,appeal to emotion +331,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Some experts , such as UN climate scientist Dr. Indur Goklany , have defended rising CO2 levels as a good thing for humanity . Goklany has argued that the rising level of carbon dioxide in the earth ’ s atmosphere “ is currently net beneficial for both humanity and the biosphere generally . ”",fallacy of credibility +332,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Despite recent attempts to paint the United States as a major global polluter , according to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , the U.S. is among the cleanest nations on the planet . In the most recent WHO report on air pollution , the United States was listed as one of the countries with the cleanest air in the world , significantly cleaner in fact than the air in Germany , Italy , Switzerland , the UK , Japan , Austria and France . While France and other G7 countries lamented the U.S. exit from the Paris climate accord , America ’ s air is already cleaner than that of any other country in the G7 , except Canada with its scant population .",fallacy of credibility +333,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"With such relatively clean air throughout America , how can even reputable news agencies like Reuters continue spreading the well-worn lie that the United States is one of the “ biggest polluters ” in the world ? Rather than follow the time-tested practice used by the World Health Organization , which measures levels of disease-causing pollutants that get into people ’ s lungs , some have played a shell game , swapping a new measure of “ pollution ” based solely on emissions of carbon dioxide .",intentional +334,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,The problem with this ploy is that carbon dioxide is not a pollutant and it is dishonest to say it is .,fallacy of logic +335,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Without human intervention , the concentration of CO2 has climbed as high as 7,000 parts per million ( ppm ) in prior eras , whereas at present the concentration is just over 400 ppm .",ad populum +336,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"CO2 is colorless , odorless and completely non-toxic . Plants depend on it to live and grow , and human beings draw some into their lungs with every breath they take to no ill effect whatsoever .",fallacy of relevance +337,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"At the very low end of the spectrum , the United States has a concentration of just 8 , while China has a concentration more than seven times higher at 59 , India at 66 , Egypt at 101 and Saudi Arabia with the worst air pollution at 127 .",fallacy of relevance +338,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"In a recent list of the 25 cleanest cities in the world , the only country to boast three cities among the cleanest on the planet was the United States of America , with Chicago coming in second place , Honolulu coming in fourth , and Portland , OR , coming in sixteenth . Unsurprisingly , no cities from China , Russia or India made the list at all . Similarly , another list of the 15 most polluted cities in the world featured three cities from China , three cities from Saudi Arabia , and a whopping seven cities from India .",fallacy of relevance +339,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Similarly , another list of the 15 most polluted cities in the world featured three cities from China , three cities from Saudi Arabia , and a whopping seven cities from India .",ad hominem +340,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Similarly , another list of the 15 most polluted cities in the world featured three cities from China , three cities from Saudi Arabia , and a whopping seven cities from India .",ad hominem +341,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,The list of the most polluted cities in the world was led by two cities from China followed by two more cities from India .,ad hominem +342,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"With such relatively clean air throughout America , how can even reputable news agencies like Reuters continue spreading the well-worn lie that the United States is one of the “ biggest polluters ” in the world ? Rather than follow the time-tested practice used by the World Health Organization , which measures levels of disease-causing pollutants that get into people ’ s lungs , some have played a shell game , swapping a new measure of “ pollution ” based solely on emissions of carbon dioxide .",false dilemma +343,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"Rather than follow the time-tested practice used by the World Health Organization , which measures levels of disease-causing pollutants that get into people ’ s lungs , some have played a shell game , swapping a new measure of “ pollution ” based solely on emissions of carbon dioxide .",ad hominem +344,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,The problem with this ploy is that carbon dioxide is not a pollutant and it is dishonest to say it is .,intentional +345,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"CO2 is colorless , odorless and completely non-toxic . Plants depend on it to live and grow , and human beings draw some into their lungs with every breath they take to no ill effect whatsoever .",fallacy of logic +346,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,,false dilemma +347,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/05/who-united-states-among-least-polluting-nations-on-the-planet/,"In the most recent WHO report on air pollution , the United States was listed as one of the countries with the cleanest air in the world , significantly cleaner in fact than the air in Germany , Italy , Switzerland , the UK , Japan , Austria and France . While France and other G7 countries lamented the U.S. exit from the Paris climate accord , America ’ s air is already cleaner than that of any other country in the G7 , except Canada with its scant population .",fallacy of relevance +348,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Also , it is increasingly clear that the planet was significantly warmer than today several times during the past 10,000 years .",intentional +349,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Also , it is increasingly clear that the planet was significantly warmer than today several times during the past 10,000 years .",fallacy of relevance +350,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"On a global scale , as scientists keep confirming , there has been no increase in frequency or intensity of storms , floods or droughts , while deaths attributed to such natural disasters have never been fewer , thanks to modern technology and infrastructure .",fallacy of relevance +351,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"On a global scale , as scientists keep confirming , there has been no increase in frequency or intensity of storms , floods or droughts , while deaths attributed to such natural disasters have never been fewer , thanks to modern technology and infrastructure .",intentional +352,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"It can not be what is happening to world temperatures , because they have gone up only very slowly , less than half as fast as the scientific consensus predicted in 1990 when the global-warming scare began in earnest .",intentional +353,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Even with this year ’ s El Niño-boosted warmth threatening to break records , the world is barely half a degree Celsius ( 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit ) warmer than it was about 35 years ago .",intentional +354,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,Sea level continues its centuries-long slow rise—about a foot a century—with no sign of recent acceleration .,intentional +355,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"In February President Obama said , a little carelessly , that climate change is a greater threat than terrorism .",intentional +356,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"What precisely makes these world leaders so convinced that climate change is a more urgent and massive threat than the incessant rampages of Islamist violence ? It can not be what is happening to world temperatures , because they have gone up only very slowly , less than half as fast as the scientific consensus predicted in 1990 when the global-warming scare began in earnest .",intentional +357,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Next week he will be in Paris , a city terrorized yet again by mass murderers , for a summit with other world leaders on climate change , not terrorism . What precisely makes these world leaders so convinced that climate change is a more urgent and massive threat than the incessant rampages of Islamist violence ? It can not be what is happening to world temperatures , because they have gone up only very slowly , less than half as fast as the scientific consensus predicted in 1990 when the global-warming scare began in earnest .",false dilemma +358,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Next week he will be in Paris , a city terrorized yet again by mass murderers , for a summit with other world leaders on climate change , not terrorism .",fallacy of relevance +359,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"Also , it is increasingly clear that the planet was significantly warmer than today several times during the past 10,000 years .",fallacy of credibility +360,https://www.wsj.com/articles/your-complete-guide-to-the-climate-debate-1448656890,"They say there is great uncertainty , and they reflected this uncertainty in their fifth and latest assessment for the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ) .",equivocation +361,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,"An important factor in the fires of the past week was that people are building homes in areas that are naturally prone to wildfires , or where naturally dry conditions mean that the kinds of building materials and vegetation that people prefer to use in cities and suburbs are a fire hazard .",intentional +362,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,"However , climate scientists are more skeptical , noting that climate change could be one of a variety of factors .",intentional +363,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,"And last month , Brown told a conference at the Vatican that the world needed “ brain washing ” on climate change .",intentional +364,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,California Governor Jerry Brown blamed climate change for the California fires that have devastated the state this fall during a visit to assess the damage in Ventura County on Saturday .,false causality +365,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,"We have to have the resources to combat the fires , and also have to invest in managing our vegetation and forests and all the ways we dwell in this very wonderful place — but a place that ’ s getting hotter . ”",appeal to emotion +366,http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/12/09/jerry-brown-blames-climate-change-california-fires-new-normal/,"And last month , Brown told a conference at the Vatican that the world needed “ brain washing ” on climate change .",fallacy of relevance +367,https://via.hypothes.is/https://fox2now.com/news/nasa-releases-time-lapse-of-the-disappearing-arctic-polar-ice-cap/,,intentional +368,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Once a year or so , journalists from major news outlets travel to the Marshall Islands , a remote chain of volcanic islands and coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean , to report in panicked tones that the island nation is vanishing because of climate change .",intentional +369,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Once a year or so , journalists from major news outlets travel to the Marshall Islands , a remote chain of volcanic islands and coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean , to report in panicked tones that the island nation is vanishing because of climate change .",fallacy of extension +370,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Acknowledging this doesn ’ t mean that global warming isn ’ t real , or that world leaders and scientists shouldn ’ t tackle the adverse effects of climate change , but hype and exaggeration serve no one .",fallacy of extension +371,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Research shows that this process is overpowering the erosion from sea-level rise , leading to net land-area gain .",fallacy of credibility +372,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"In its 2015 human-rights report on the island nation , the U.S. State Department said that significant problems include “ chronic government corruption , and chronic domestic violence , ” along with “ child abuse , sex trafficking , and lack of legal provisions protecting worker ’ s rights. ”",ad hominem +373,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Some 52.7 % of the Marshall Islands population lives below the poverty line , according to the Asian Development Bank . Only 39.3 % of the population age 15 years and above is employed .",ad hominem +374,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,It will slow the world ’ s economic growth to force a shift to inefficient green energy sources .,fallacy of extension +375,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"My peer-reviewed research , published last November in the journal Global Policy , shows that even if every nation were to fulfill all their carbon-cutting promises by 2030 and stick to them all the way through the century—at a cost of more than $ 100 trillion in lost GDP—global temperature rise would be reduced by a tiny 0.3°F ( 0.17°C ) .",ad populum +376,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Instead of simply mandating less carbon output , we need more R & D spending on green energy , including more efficient fission and fusion , cheaper solar and wind , and improved storage . New technology is crucial if green energy is to out-compete fossil fuels .",intentional +377,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Tackling issues like poverty , health care , corruption and domestic violence would do even more .",fallacy of relevance +378,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"At a cost of between $ 1 trillion and $ 2 trillion annually , the Paris climate agreement , recently ratified by China , is likely to be history ’ s most expensive treaty .",appeal to emotion +379,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,It is understandable why Marshall Island leaders might prefer to talk about global warming .,ad hominem +380,https://www.wsj.com/articles/about-those-non-disappearing-pacific-islands-1476400840,"Telling viewers in the U.S. starkly that they ’ re “ making this island disappear , ” as a report from CNN ’ s John Sutter did in June 2015 , makes for good , blame-laden television .",appeal to emotion +381,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"The polar bear ’ s resilience should have meant the end of its use as a cherished icon of global warming doom , but it didn ’ t . The alarmism is not going away without a struggle .",intentional +382,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,My close examination of recent research has revealed that serious inconsistencies exist within the polar bear literature and between that literature and public statements made by some researchers .,fallacy of credibility +383,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"More food for seals in summer means more fat seal pups for polar bears to eat the following spring , a result that ’ s probably true throughout the Arctic . As long as polar bears have lots of baby seals to eat in spring , they get fat enough to survive even a longer-than-usual summer fast .",faulty generalization +384,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"And while it ’ s true that studies in some regions show polar bears are lighter in weight than they were in the 1980s , there is no evidence that more individuals are starving to death or becoming too thin to reproduce because of less summer ice .",intentional +385,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,Some cancers induce a muscle-wasting syndrome that leads to faster-than-usual weight loss . This is likely what happened to the emaciated Baffin Island bear captured on video in July 2017 and promoted by National Geographic late last year .,faulty generalization +386,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"The videographers claimed it showed what starvation due to sea-ice loss looked like — an implausible conclusion given the time of year , the isolated nature of the incident , and the fact that sea ice that year was no more reduced than previously .",fallacy of relevance +387,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,The failure of the 2007 polar bear survival model is a simple fact that explodes the myth that polar bears are on their way to extinction .,fallacy of logic +388,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,My close examination of recent research has revealed that serious inconsistencies exist within the polar bear literature and between that literature and public statements made by some researchers .,fallacy of relevance +389,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"More food for seals in summer means more fat seal pups for polar bears to eat the following spring , a result that ’ s probably true throughout the Arctic . As long as polar bears have lots of baby seals to eat in spring , they get fat enough to survive even a longer-than-usual summer fast .",false causality +390,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,This is likely what happened to the emaciated Baffin Island bear captured on video in July 2017 and promoted by National Geographic late last year .,faulty generalization +391,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"Although the extent of the summer sea ice after 2006 dropped abruptly to levels not expected until 2050 , the predicted 67-per-cent decline in polar bear numbers simply didn ’ t happen .",fallacy of extension +392,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"One reason that the 2007 predictions of future polar bear survival were so far off base is that the model developed by American biologist Steven Amstrup ( now at Polar Bears International , an NGO ) assumed any polar bear population decline would be caused by less summer ice , despite the Beaufort Sea experience .",fallacy of credibility +393,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,"This increase may not be statistically significant , but it is decidedly not the 67-per-cent decline that was predicted given the ice conditions that prevailed .",fallacy of relevance +394,http://business.financialpost.com/opinion/polar-bears-keep-thriving-even-as-global-warming-alarmists-keep-pretending-theyre-dying,,fallacy of relevance +395,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,"Prof Tim Benton at the University of Leeds , who was not part of the research team , said : “ Ultimately , we live on a finite planet , with finite resources .",fallacy of credibility +396,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,"Prof Peter Smith at the University of Aberdeen , who was also not part of the research team , said : “ We know food choices are very personal , and that behaviour change can be difficult to encourage , but the evidence is now unequivocal – we need to change our diets if we are to have a sustainable future .",fallacy of credibility +397,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,The research also finds that enormous changes to farming are needed to avoid destroying the planet ’ s ability to feed the 10 billion people expected to be on the planet in a few decades .,appeal to emotion +398,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,The research also finds that enormous changes to farming are needed to avoid destroying the planet ’ s ability to feed the 10 billion people expected to be on the planet in a few decades .,intentional +399,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,"This trajectory would smash critical environmental limits beyond which humanity will struggle to live , the new research indicates . “",faulty generalization +400,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/10/huge-reduction-in-meat-eating-essential-to-avoid-climate-breakdown,"Huge reductions in meat-eating are essential to avoid dangerous climate change , according to the most comprehensive analysis yet of the food system ’ s impact on the environment .",appeal to emotion +401,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/07/21/what-science-can-tell-us-about-the-links-between-global-warming-and-massive-heat-waves/,"It ’ s a big enough deal that yesterday President Obama even tweeted about it , including a map showing the maximum heat index in some parts of the Midwest and Southeast reaching 110 or 115 degrees on Saturday .",fallacy of credibility +402,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/07/21/what-science-can-tell-us-about-the-links-between-global-warming-and-massive-heat-waves/,"Well the answer is , it ’ s both , ” said Texas Tech University climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe on a press call Thursday . “ We get heat waves naturally , but climate change is amping them up , it ’ s giving them that extra energy , to make them even more serious , and have even greater impacts . ”",false dilemma +403,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/07/21/what-science-can-tell-us-about-the-links-between-global-warming-and-massive-heat-waves/,A new National Academies study suggests that ‘ heat waves ’ may be one of the primary climate change markers like home runs were in baseball . ”,faulty generalization +404,https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewfrancis/2015/07/28/even-without-drastic-predictions-coasts-are-in-danger/?sh=470308917d0e,"They may not have science on their side , but those who claim either that climate change is n't real or say it 's not a big problem have a lot of money and media platforms .",faulty generalization +405,https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewfrancis/2015/07/28/even-without-drastic-predictions-coasts-are-in-danger/?sh=470308917d0e,"That combination is deadly : thanks to sea-level rise due to climate change , flooding is going to get much worse .",appeal to emotion +406,https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewfrancis/2015/07/28/even-without-drastic-predictions-coasts-are-in-danger/?sh=470308917d0e,"In other words , record-breaking temperatures this year are specifically from El Niño , but the general increase in global temperatures is part of the trend due to climate change .",fallacy of logic +407,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"Climatology Professor David Legates adds , “ In twelve years it ’ ll be 12 more years . ”",fallacy of relevance +408,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,“ You acknowledge though the water is rising ? ” asks Stossel .,equivocation +409,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"So many years ago , the Dutch built dikes to prevent flooding .",fallacy of relevance +410,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"Pat Michaels , former president of the American Association of State Climatologists , says , “ It 's warmed up around one degree Celsius since 1900 , and life expectancy DOUBLED … yet [ if ] that temperature ticks up another half a degree … the entire system crashes ? That 's the most absurd belief . ''",fallacy of logic +411,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"The 3 scientists argue that even if the planet warms by 5 degrees , humans can adjust .",false dilemma +412,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,It wouldn ’ t stop global warming but : “ You ’ ll sure have an impoverished dark country.,equivocation +413,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,It ’ s hard to believe they are when so many serious people are so worried . I wish there were a real debate !,ad hominem +414,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"Legates interjects , “ Yes , the water has been rising for approximately 20,000 years . ”",equivocation +415,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"Well , not a debate … because climate alarmists who were invited didn ’ t show .",ad hominem +416,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,"Pat Michaels , former president of the American Association of State Climatologists , says , “ It 's warmed up around one degree Celsius since 1900 , and life expectancy DOUBLED … yet [ if ] that temperature ticks up another half a degree … the entire system crashes ? That 's the most absurd belief . ''",intentional +417,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,It wouldn ’ t stop global warming but : “ You ’ ll sure have an impoverished dark country. ” he continues .,false dilemma +418,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8JZo6PzpCU&ab_channel=JohnStossel,I wish there were a real debate !,intentional +419,https:/www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/08/did-climate-change-intensify-hurricane-harvey/538158/,This means that thousands of people—and perhaps tens of thousands of people—are facing a terrifying and all-too-real struggle to survive right now .,appeal to emotion +420,https:/www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/08/did-climate-change-intensify-hurricane-harvey/538158/,"In the past 30 years of records , no storms west of Florida have intensified in the last 12 hours before landfall .",ad populum +421,https:/www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/08/did-climate-change-intensify-hurricane-harvey/538158/,"Interstates are under feet of water , local authorities have asked boat owners to join rescue efforts , and most of the streams and rivers near the city are in flood stage .",appeal to emotion +422,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"The earth is 15 years from a period of low solar activity similar to that last seen during the `` mini ice-age '' of the 17th century , when the Thames froze .",intentional +423,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"• Fiddling with temperature data is biggest science scandal ever ( 31,000 comments )",intentional +424,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"In England during this `` Little Ice Age '' , River",intentional +425,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"In the winter of 1683-84 the Thames froze over for seven weeks , during which it was `` passable by foot '' , according to historical records .",fallacy of relevance +426,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"The earth is 15 years from a period of low solar activity similar to that last seen during the `` mini ice-age '' of the 17th century , when the Thames froze .",intentional +427,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"The earth is 15 years from a period of low solar activity similar to that last seen during the `` mini ice-age '' of the 17th century , when the Thames froze .",false causality +428,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html,"Maunder minimum , indicating low sunspot activity , was the name given to the period between 1645 and 1715 , when Europe and North America experienced very cold winters .",false causality +429,https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/science/earth-highest-temperature-record.html,"In 2012 , Mr. Trump wrote on Twitter , “ The concept of global warming was created by and for the Chinese in order to make U.S. manufacturing noncompetitive . ”",false causality +430,https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/science/earth-highest-temperature-record.html,Temperatures are heading toward levels that many experts believe will pose a profound threat to both the natural world and to human civilization .,fallacy of credibility +431,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"The U.S. government is at it again , hyping meaningless records in a parameter that does not exist in order to frighten us about something that doesn ’ t matter .",fallacy of extension +432,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"NOAA claims an uncertainty of 14 one-hundredths of a degree in its temperature averages , or near twice the amount by which they say the record was set .",ad populum +433,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,Such misrepresentations are now commonplace in NOAA and NASA announcements . They are regularly proclaiming monthly and yearly records set by less than the uncertainties in the measurements .,intentional +434,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"Temperature , like viscosity and density , and of course phone numbers , is not something that can be meaningfully averaged . “ Global temperature ” does not exist .",intentional +435,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"There is no super-sized being straddling the planet , feeling global averages in temperature . Global warming does not matter .",fallacy of relevance +436,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"Future generations are bound to ask why America closed its coal-fueled generating stations , its cheapest , most plentiful source of electric power , and wasted billions of dollars trying to stop insignificant changes in imaginary phenomena .",appeal to emotion +437,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"As Jay Lehr , science director of the Chicago-based Heartland Institute said , “ It is a scam that dwarfs all others that have come before . ”",fallacy of credibility +438,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"The U.S. government is at it again , hyping meaningless records in a parameter that does not exist in order to frighten us about something that doesn ’ t matter .",intentional +439,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"So , the new temperature records are meaningless .",fallacy of extension +440,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"In the final analysis , it is no more meaningful to calculate an average temperature for a whole planet than it is to calculate the average telephone number in the Washington D.C. phone book .",fallacy of extension +441,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"No one and nothing would experience it directly since we all live in regions , not the globe .",equivocation +442,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"Future generations are bound to ask why America closed its coal-fueled generating stations , its cheapest , most plentiful source of electric power , and wasted billions of dollars trying to stop insignificant changes in imaginary phenomena .",appeal to emotion +443,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"Even if enough accurate surface temperature measurements existed to ensure reasonable planetary coverage ( it doesn ’ t ) and to calculate some sort of global temperature statistic , interpreting its significance would be challenging .",circular reasoning +444,https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/aug/23/tom-harris-global-warming-deceptive-temperature-re/,"For some groups of close temperature measures ( and NASA and NOAA are dealing with thousands of very close temperatures ) , one method of calculating an average can lead to a determination of warming while another can lead to a conclusion of cooling .",equivocation +445,https://mashable.com/2017/02/23/february-heat-records/#jiOh71fxV5qc,It gives you that nagging feeling that maybe global warming is real after all .,appeal to emotion +446,https://mashable.com/2017/02/23/february-heat-records/#jiOh71fxV5qc,There 's something about a warm February day that reminds you that something just is n't right .,appeal to emotion +447,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"A Republican congressman from Colorado , Ken Buck , recently called one military proposal part of a “ radical climate change agenda . ”",ad hominem +448,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ We ’ re putting enough heat in the ocean to send water over us , no question , ” Dr. Stoddard said . “ Ultimately , we give up and we leave .",appeal to emotion +449,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,The sea has crept up to the point that a high tide and a brisk wind are all it takes to send water pouring into streets and homes .,faulty generalization +450,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ I ’ m a Republican , but I also realize , by any objective analysis , the sea level is rising , ” said Jason Buelterman , the mayor of tiny Tybee Island , one of the first Georgia communities to adopt a detailed climate plan .",fallacy of credibility +451,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"They are pleading with state and federal governments for guidance and help , including billions to pay for flood walls , pumps and road improvements that would buy them time . Yet Congress has largely ignored these pleas , and has even tried to block plans by the military to head off future problems at the numerous bases imperiled by a rising sea .",appeal to emotion +452,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"A Republican congressman from Colorado , Ken Buck , recently called one military proposal part of a “ radical climate change agenda . ”",fallacy of credibility +453,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"As the problem worsens , experts are warning that national security is on the line . Naval bases , in particular , are threatened ; they can hardly be moved away from the ocean , yet much of their land is at risk of disappearing within this century .",fallacy of relevance +454,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"It ’ s a slow , gradual attack , but it threatens the safety and security of the United States . ”",faulty generalization +455,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"It ’ s a slow , gradual attack , but it threatens the safety and security of the United States . ”",faulty generalization +456,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ I believe it because we ’ re living it , ” Ms. Speights said as she sat on her sofa , nodding toward the nearby tidal marsh that sent water into her living room . “ The water has to be rising if we never flooded , and all of a sudden we ’ ve flooded three times in eight years . ”",fallacy of relevance +457,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"As the national response lags , experts warn that the flooding is putting the country ’ s defense at risk .",appeal to emotion +458,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ When we distract our military with a radical climate change agenda , we detract from their main purpose of defending America from enemies ” like the Islamic State , said Mr. Buck of Colorado , the Republican congressman who sponsored the measure .",faulty generalization +459,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ When we distract our military with a radical climate change agenda , we detract from their main purpose of defending America from enemies ” like the Islamic State , said Mr. Buck of Colorado , the Republican congressman who sponsored the measure .",fallacy of relevance +460,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"A rise that large over a span of decades would be an unparalleled national catastrophe , driving millions of people from their homes and most likely requiring the abandonment of entire cities .",faulty generalization +461,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"Will they be held legally responsible when floods do occur ? A strict policy could force some people from their homes . Conversely , should public money be spent to do the work , even if it largely benefits private property ?",false dilemma +462,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ When you look at the historical record , there ’ s no trend saying the flooding is going down , ” said Dr. Sweet , the NOAA expert . “ The trends are all very clear . They ’ re going up , and they ’ re going up in many of these areas in an accelerating fashion . ”",ad populum +463,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ The predictions of what ’ s going to happen over the next 20 , 30 , 40 years — it ’ s real , ” said Mr. Tuckman , the founder of a company offering creative services to the retail industry .",fallacy of credibility +464,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"Moreover , if the rise of the sea accelerates as much as some scientists fear , it is doubtful the cities will be able to keep up .",appeal to emotion +465,https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/science/flooding-of-coast-caused-by-global-warming-has-already-begun.html,"“ You can play it really badly and let unpleasant things happen earlier , ” he said . “ Or you can push them off by doing some infrastructure repairs and some thoughtful planning . ”",false dilemma +466,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,Ever since December temperatures in the Arctic have consistently been lower than minus 20 C.,intentional +467,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,This means the global temperature trend has now shown no further warming for 19 years .,intentional +468,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"And we are still stuck with that insanely damaging Climate Change Act , which in this election will scarcely get a mention .",appeal to emotion +469,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"Furthermore , whereas in 2008 most of the ice was extremely thin , this year most has been at least two metres thick .",intentional +470,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,Scientists are also expecting a “ huge reduction ” in solar activity for 33 years between 2020 and 2053 that will cause thermometers to crash .,intentional +471,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,This is the `` hottest [ pick a season ] ever '' ; the ice caps are at a record low ; we 'll all be dead in 10 years .,intentional +472,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,This is the `` hottest [ pick a season ] ever '' ; the ice caps are at a record low ; we 'll all be dead in 10 years .,appeal to emotion +473,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,Ever since December temperatures in the Arctic have consistently been lower than minus 20 C.,intentional +474,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"Furthermore , whereas in 2008 most of the ice was extremely thin , this year most has been at least two metres thick .",intentional +475,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,This means the global temperature trend has now shown no further warming for 19 years .,intentional +476,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,He said : “ Cooling from 2019 into about 2020 to 2021 will bring world temperatures back to where they were in the 1940s through the 1960s .,intentional +477,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"We are bombarded with `` facts '' every day : This is the `` hottest [ pick a season ] ever '' ; the ice caps are at a record low ; we 'll all be dead in 10 years . For former president Barack Obama , the ever-changing and often contradictory `` facts '' about global warming ( which liberals now call climate change because the globe stopped warming ) was simply `` settled science . '' But now it turns out the Arctic sea ice is thicker than ever and , oh yeah , the global temperature trend has not warmed for 19 years .",intentional +478,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"But now it turns out the Arctic sea ice is thicker than ever and , oh yeah , the global temperature trend has not warmed for 19 years .",faulty generalization +479,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,Ever since December temperatures in the Arctic have consistently been lower than minus 20 C.,intentional +480,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"The liberal media might take issue with a U.S. think tank funding a study that says global warming does n't exist -- or at least has n't for 19 years -- but they 'll accept the findings from little ol ' Denmark , wo n't they ?",fallacy of credibility +481,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"As for those record temperatures brought in 2016 by an exceptionally strong El Niño , the satellites now show that in recent months global temperatures have plummeted by more that 0.6 degrees : just as happened 17 years ago after a similarly strong El Niño had also made 1998 the “ hottest year on record ” .",fallacy of credibility +482,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"As for those record temperatures brought in 2016 by an exceptionally strong El Niño , the satellites now show that in recent months global temperatures have plummeted by more that 0.6 degrees : just as happened 17 years ago after a similarly strong El Niño had also made 1998 the “ hottest year on record ” .",intentional +483,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,“ The last global warming cycle ended in 1790 and the year 2020 is 230 following this – thus I have been talking about rapid cooling beginning in 2019 . ”,fallacy of credibility +484,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,,intentional +485,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"But now it turns out the Arctic sea ice is thicker than ever and , oh yeah , the global temperature trend has not warmed for 19 years .",fallacy of logic +486,http://web.archive.org/web/20170511154413/https://www.dailywire.com/news/16154/global-quackery-earth-has-not-warmed-past-19-years-joseph-curl,"But now it turns out the Arctic sea ice is thicker than ever and , oh yeah , the global temperature trend has not warmed for 19 years .",fallacy of extension +487,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,President Trump has claimed that scientists stopped referring to global warming and started calling it climate change because “ the weather has been so cold ” in winter .,fallacy of relevance +488,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,President Trump has claimed that scientists stopped referring to global warming and started calling it climate change because “ the weather has been so cold ” in winter .,intentional +489,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"The climate denialists ’ arguments have become so strained that even oil and coal companies have distanced themselves publicly , though some still help to finance the campaigns of politicians who espouse such views .",ad hominem +490,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"The climate denialists ’ arguments have become so strained that even oil and coal companies have distanced themselves publicly , though some still help to finance the campaigns of politicians who espouse such views .",ad hominem +491,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"The climate denialists ’ arguments have become so strained that even oil and coal companies have distanced themselves publicly , though some still help to finance the campaigns of politicians who espouse such views .",intentional +492,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented , some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science .",circular reasoning +493,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,Big trouble .,appeal to emotion +494,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,Tens of thousands of people are already dying in heat waves made worse by global warming .,fallacy of logic +495,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"Longer term , if emissions rise unchecked , scientists fear climate effects so severe that they might destabilize governments , produce waves of refugees , precipitate the sixth mass extinction of plants and animals in the Earth ’ s history , and melt the polar ice caps , causing the seas to rise high enough to flood most of the world ’ s coastal cities . The emissions that create those risks are happening now , raising deep moral questions for our generation .",faulty generalization +496,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/climate/what-is-climate-change.html,"Longer term , if emissions rise unchecked , scientists fear climate effects so severe that they might destabilize governments , produce waves of refugees , precipitate the sixth mass extinction of plants and animals in the Earth ’ s history , and melt the polar ice caps , causing the seas to rise high enough to flood most of the world ’ s coastal cities .",appeal to emotion +497,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/24/climate/dry-rio-grande.html,"As the river dries , crews from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service spring into action , working to rescue the Rio Grande silvery minnow , a federally protected endangered species that used to thrive along the full length of the river but now is found only in the upper reaches .",appeal to emotion +498,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Thirty years later , they are still ignoring it , ” said Zybach , who spent more than 20 years as a reforestation contractor .",ad hominem +499,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Shortly before leaving office , Clinton introduced the Roadless Rule that restricted the use of existing roads and construction of new roads on 49 million acres of National Forest , making it difficult for officials to scan the land for the kind of kindling that fuels massive conflagrations .",intentional +500,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The former president ’ s decision created a ticking time bomb , Zybach argues . +“",ad hominem +501,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Years of keeping these areas in their natural state result in dead trees and dried organic material settling on the forest floor , turning such material into matchsticks soaked in jet fuel during dry seasons , he said .",appeal to emotion +502,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"That ’ s an 80 % decline . +“ They ’ ve gone and left hundreds of thousands of acres of burnt timber , a fire bomb waiting to happen , standing in place because the black back woodpecker prefers that habitat , ” Zybach said . “",false dilemma +503,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The Clinton administration ’ s plan to turn forests in the West into pristine land free of human interference risked fueling “ wildfires reminiscent of the Tillamook burn , the 1910 fires and the Yellowstone fire , ” Zybach , who is based in Oregon , told Evergreen magazine in 1994 , when the NWFP came into effect .",fallacy of credibility +504,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Former President Bill Clinton made a significant change to federal land management nearly 30 years ago that created the conditions necessary for massive wildfires to consume portions of the West Coast , according to one fire expert who predicted the problem years ago .",fallacy of credibility +505,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The former president ’ s decision created a ticking time bomb , Zybach argues . +“",fallacy of credibility +506,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Shortly before leaving office in 2001 , Clinton limited the ability of the United States Forest Service to thin out a dense thicket of foliage and downed trees on federal land to bring the West into a pristine state , Bob Zybach , an experienced forester with a PhD in environmental science , told the Daily Caller News Foundation .",fallacy of credibility +507,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Years of keeping these areas in their natural state result in dead trees and dried organic material settling on the forest floor , turning such material into matchsticks soaked in jet fuel during dry seasons , he said .",fallacy of logic +508,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Years of keeping these areas in their natural state result in dead trees and dried organic material settling on the forest floor , turning such material into matchsticks soaked in jet fuel during dry seasons , he said .",faulty generalization +509,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Fires have killed 26 people in West Coast states since August , including 19 people in California , and have culminated in more than half-a-million people evacuating Oregon , a number representing roughly 10 % of the state ’ s overall population .",appeal to emotion +510,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Roughly 100 massive fires are blazing Saturday in the West , including 12 in Idaho and nine in Montana , the National Interagency Fire Center said Saturday . All told , the wildfires have churned through more than 4.5 million acres in 12 states . ( RELATED : Wildfires , Blackouts And High Gas Prices : Californians Fight Familiar Foes Amid Pandemic )",ad populum +511,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"That ’ s an 80 % decline . +“ They ’ ve gone and left hundreds of thousands of acres of burnt timber , a fire bomb waiting to happen , standing in place because the black back woodpecker prefers that habitat , ” Zybach said . “",intentional +512,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"It ’ s great for lawyers , but it ’ s bad for people who breathe air or work in the woods . ” +“ The prescribed burns are an ancient form of management for keeping the fuels down so these events don ’ t happen , ” Zybach added , referring to Native American Indians who used controlled burns to ward away pests and prevent wildfires from licking their homes . The Clinton administration ’ s plan to turn forests in the West into pristine land free of human interference risked fueling “ wildfires reminiscent of the Tillamook burn , the 1910 fires and the Yellowstone fire , ” Zybach , who is based in Oregon , told Evergreen magazine in 1994 , when the NWFP came into effect .",fallacy of credibility +513,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The Clinton administration ’ s plan to turn forests in the West into pristine land free of human interference risked fueling “ wildfires reminiscent of the Tillamook burn , the 1910 fires and the Yellowstone fire , ” Zybach , who is based in Oregon , told Evergreen magazine in 1994 , when the NWFP came into effect . Western Oregon had one major fire above 10,000 acres between 1952 and 1987 , reports show . The Silver Complex Fire of 1987 snapped that streak after torching more than 100,000 acres in the Kalmiopsis Wilderness area , killing rare plants and trees the federal government sought to protect from human activities .",appeal to emotion +514,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The solution is “ to get good fire on the ground and whittle down some of that fuel load , ” he told ProPublica in August . +“ It ’ s just … well … it ’ s horrible .",fallacy of credibility +515,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"I suffer from Cassandra syndrome , ” Ingalsbee said , referring to the Cassandra Syndrome , a Greek metaphor people use when they believe their valid warnings are not heeded . +“ Every year I warn people : Disaster ’ s coming . We got to change . And no one listens . And then it happens . ”",false causality +516,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The solution might be easier said than done . Nearly 20 million acres in California , or an area about the size of Maine , will need to experience controlled burns to limit catastrophic wildfires , a January study from Nature Sustainability found .",fallacy of credibility +517,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,Other researchers share his skepticism .,fallacy of credibility +518,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Zybach is not convinced . “ The lack of active land management is almost 100 percent the cause , ” he told the DCNF , noting that climate change has almost nothing to do with fire kindling gathering across the forest floors .",fallacy of credibility +519,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"Mass ’ s critique came as Mendocino Complex Fire was spreading across California on its way to becoming the largest wildfire in the state , engulfing more than 283,000 acres .",appeal to emotion +520,https://dailycaller.com/2020/09/13/california-oregon-wildfires-land-management-climate-change/,"The solution is “ to get good fire on the ground and whittle down some of that fuel load , ” he told ProPublica in August . +“ It ’ s just … well … it ’ s horrible . Horrible to see this happening when the science is so clear and has been clear for years . I suffer from Cassandra syndrome , ” Ingalsbee said , referring to the Cassandra Syndrome , a Greek metaphor people use when they believe their valid warnings are not heeded . +“ Every year I warn people : Disaster ’ s coming .",intentional +521,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,The latest Democratic Party platform compares the fight against global warming to World War II .,intentional +522,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Until civility returns , our side can ask whether the critics are acting like the Gestapo of global warming .",ad hominem +523,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,There is some levity in all this charade .,intentional +524,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"And the great middle can be excused for realizing that obsessing about climate change is avoiding a frank discussion about the here-and-now problems of budget deficits , the federal debt , school choice , entitlement reform , and so on .",false dilemma +525,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Sensitivity estimates—defined as the temperature effect from the enhanced greenhouse effect—have been coming down in the peer-reviewed literature , even to the point when climate economists see a positive externality , not a negative one , from the human influence on climate . ( In technical lingo , the so-called social cost of carbon would be negative . )",intentional +526,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"And the great middle can be excused for realizing that obsessing about climate change is avoiding a frank discussion about the here-and-now problems of budget deficits , the federal debt , school choice , entitlement reform , and so on .",false dilemma +527,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"But fifty days and years later , and the earth still spins .",intentional +528,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Green activists are at war with the greatest American foe since the Axis Powers—or so they say .,ad hominem +529,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Using terms such as `` battlefield , '' `` siege , '' and `` front , '' those opposed this `` war effort '' have been labeled anything from Nazis to Holocaust deniers . ( I personally have been called a sociopath by climate activist Joe Romm of the Center for American Progress , another story . )",ad hominem +530,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Equating the Third Reich with the free society ’ s fossil-fuel reliance , and charging Republicans with climate destruction , is from the theater of the absurd .",intentional +531,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Using terms such as `` battlefield , '' `` siege , '' and `` front , '' those opposed this `` war effort '' have been labeled anything from Nazis to Holocaust deniers . ( I personally have been called a sociopath by climate activist Joe Romm of the Center for American Progress , another story . )",fallacy of relevance +532,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Using terms such as `` battlefield , '' `` siege , '' and `` front , '' those opposed this `` war effort '' have been labeled anything from Nazis to Holocaust deniers . ( I personally have been called a sociopath by climate activist Joe Romm of the Center for American Progress , another story . )",ad hominem +533,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Using terms such as `` battlefield , '' `` siege , '' and `` front , '' those opposed this `` war effort '' have been labeled anything from Nazis to Holocaust deniers . ( I personally have been called a sociopath by climate activist Joe Romm of the Center for American Progress , another story . )",intentional +534,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Don ’ t “ vote for climate catastrophe ” warned a Washington Post editorialist . “,intentional +535,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Americans care greatly about the future ; to say otherwise is to deny their very humanity .,false dilemma +536,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Equating the Third Reich with the free society ’ s fossil-fuel reliance , and charging Republicans with climate destruction , is from the theater of the absurd .",ad hominem +537,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Equating the Third Reich with the free society ’ s fossil-fuel reliance , and charging Republicans with climate destruction , is from the theater of the absurd .",fallacy of extension +538,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"And the great middle can be excused for realizing that obsessing about climate change is avoiding a frank discussion about the here-and-now problems of budget deficits , the federal debt , school choice , entitlement reform , and so on .",fallacy of logic +539,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Perhaps there is good news in the ugliness of desperate activists who are trying to get their issue out front .,ad hominem +540,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Not only do polls suggest the public is unmoved at home and in abroad , serial exaggeration at this point is arguably backfiring , confirming the perils of climate exaggeration .",ad populum +541,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Yet their dismal track record seems to lead to only more drama and hyperbole , not humility and open-mindedness .",ad hominem +542,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Back in 2006 , Al Gore prophesied that unless the world dramatically reduced greenhouse gasses , we would hit a `` point of no return . '' And in his book review of Gore ’ s book and movie from that year , An Inconvenient Truth , scientist James Hansen unequivocally stated : “ We have at most ten years—not ten years to decide upon action , but ten years to alter fundamentally the trajectory of global greenhouse emissions . ” Time is up on Gore ’ s “ point of no return ” and Hansen ’ s “ critical tipping point. ”",intentional +543,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Time is up on Gore ’ s “ point of no return ” and Hansen ’ s “ critical tipping point. ”,fallacy of logic +544,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Rajendra Pachauri , while head of a United Nations climate panel , pleaded that without drastic action before 2012 , it would be too late to save the planet . Back in the late 1980s , the UN claimed that if global warming were not checked by 2000 , rising sea levels would wash entire counties away . Four years ago , Peter Wadhams , professor of ocean physics at the University of Cambridge , predicted “ global disaster ” from the demise of Arctic sea ice—in four years . He too , is eating crow . There is some levity in all this charade . In 2009 , then-British Prime Minister Gordon Brown predicted that the world had only 50 days to save the planet from global warming . But fifty days and years later , and the earth still spins .",intentional +545,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"He too , is eating crow .",ad hominem +546,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,Physical science has turned into profit-maximizing political science .,ad hominem +547,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Can climate research get back on track ? Can the “ uncertainty monster ” in climate research , and particularly climate modeling , be acknowledged ? Can such study overcome the Malthusian bias ( change is bad ; mankind is at fault ) to achieve impartiality ? Can the federal role in climate research be scaled back to improve incentives and quality ?",intentional +548,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"Sensitivity estimates—defined as the temperature effect from the enhanced greenhouse effect—have been coming down in the peer-reviewed literature , even to the point when climate economists see a positive externality , not a negative one , from the human influence on climate . ( In technical lingo , the so-called social cost of carbon would be negative . )",faulty generalization +549,https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbradley/2016/09/23/climate-exaggeration-is-backfiring/?sh=5f8aa38b6ab0,"“ Fossil fuels don ’ t take a clean environment and make it dirty , ” noted Alex Epstein , `` they take a dirty environment and make it clean. ” Fossil fuels , he adds , “ don ’ t take a safe climate and make it dangerous , they take a dangerous climate and make it safe . ”",circular reasoning +550,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/31/avoiding-meat-and-dairy-is-single-biggest-way-to-reduce-your-impact-on-earth,"The new research shows that without meat and dairy consumption , global farmland use could be reduced by more than 75 % – an area equivalent to the US , China , European Union and Australia combined – and still feed the world .",intentional +551,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/31/avoiding-meat-and-dairy-is-single-biggest-way-to-reduce-your-impact-on-earth,"Avoiding meat and dairy products is the single biggest way to reduce your environmental impact on the planet , according to the scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to date of the damage farming does to the planet .",fallacy of credibility +552,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,The solution requires political courage .,appeal to emotion +553,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Global human emissions are only 3 per cent of total annual emissions . It has never been shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming .,faulty generalization +554,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Global human emissions are only 3 per cent of total annual emissions . It has never been shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming .,fallacy of logic +555,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"If it were shown , it would also have to be shown that the 97 per cent of emissions from natural processes such as ocean degassing , volcanoes , natural chemical reactions and exhalation don ’ t drive global warming .",fallacy of logic +556,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"In the geological past , Earth ’ s atmosphere had hundreds of times the CO2 content of the modern atmosphere yet there were no carbon dioxide-driven catastrophes .",fallacy of credibility +557,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Without correlation , there can be no causation .",fallacy of logic +558,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,You couldn ’ t make it up if you tried .,intentional +559,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"In the geological past , Earth ’ s atmosphere had hundreds of times the CO2 content of the modern atmosphere yet there were no carbon dioxide-driven catastrophes .",equivocation +560,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Ice core drilling shows that 800 years after natural warming , the atmosphere increases in carbon dioxide . The zenith of the Little Ice Age was 300 years ago and since then we have slightly warmed and cooled during a long-term warming trend . Instrumental temperature measurements over the past 150 years show no correlation between human emissions of CO2 and ­temperature . On all timescales it can be shown that there is no correlation between CO2 emissions and global warming .",intentional +561,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"No genuine environmentalist could honestly support subsidised wind turbines that despoil the scenery , slice and dice birds and bats , damage human health and spread toxins .",intentional +562,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"No genuine environmentalist could honestly support subsidised wind turbines that despoil the scenery , slice and dice birds and bats , damage human health and spread toxins .",appeal to emotion +563,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Unless the laws of physics are changed , solar power can not be made more efficient .",intentional +564,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Ice core drilling shows that 800 years after natural warming , the atmosphere increases in carbon dioxide . The zenith of the Little Ice Age was 300 years ago and since then we have slightly warmed and cooled during a long-term warming trend . Instrumental temperature measurements over the past 150 years show no correlation between human emissions of CO2 and ­temperature . On all timescales it can be shown that there is no correlation between CO2 emissions and global warming .",fallacy of logic +565,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"In the corporate world , if a loss is “ homo­genised ” to a profit , it is fraud .",fallacy of logic +566,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,This is not environmentalism .,intentional +567,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"It is power over people by unelected activists , often ­funded from outside Australia .",fallacy of relevance +568,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Solar facilities result in the clearing and environmental degradation of huge acreages and depositing of toxins .,fallacy of logic +569,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,No wonder Spain went broke .,false causality +570,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"The subsidies for wind and solar power and the must-take mandate have attracted all sorts of dodgy enterprises , lickspittles and carpetbaggers to the renewable energy honey pot .",ad hominem +571,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"The National Energy Market was the nail in the coffin and , after 40 years of falling electricity costs and a reliable grid , Australia now has energy poverty and destruction of businesses . Electricity is not a luxury ; it is a necessity for any civilised society .",false causality +572,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Electricity is not a luxury ; it is a necessity for any civilised society .,fallacy of relevance +573,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"As soon as the words emissions , climate change and Paris are used , you know you are being conned and that the world ’ s biggest scam will continue .",intentional +574,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"As soon as the words emissions , climate change and Paris are used , you know you are being conned and that the world ’ s biggest scam will continue .",ad hominem +575,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"I fear there will be years of ­increasing pain before there is enough political courage to bring Australia to what it had in the past : cheap , reliable employment-generating electricity .",fallacy of credibility +576,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Global human emissions are only 3 per cent of total annual emissions .,intentional +577,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,It has never been shown that human emissions of carbon dioxide drive global warming .,intentional +578,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"In the geological past , Earth ’ s atmosphere had hundreds of times the CO2 content of the modern atmosphere yet there were no carbon dioxide-driven catastrophes .",fallacy of relevance +579,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"In the geological past , Earth ’ s atmosphere had hundreds of times the CO2 content of the modern atmosphere yet there were no carbon dioxide-driven catastrophes .",intentional +580,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"The past shows that climate change is normal , that warmer times and more atmospheric carbon dioxide have driven biodiversity and that cold times kill .",fallacy of credibility +581,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"The past shows that climate change is normal , that warmer times and more atmospheric carbon dioxide have driven biodiversity and that cold times kill .",intentional +582,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Instrumental temperature measurements over the past 150 years show no correlation between human emissions of CO2 and ­temperature . On all timescales it can be shown that there is no correlation between CO2 emissions and global warming .,intentional +583,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,On all timescales it can be shown that there is no correlation between CO2 emissions and global warming .,intentional +584,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Without correlation , there can be no causation .",intentional +585,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Australia remains the only G20 country with no nuclear power yet has 30 per cent of the planet ’ s in-ground uranium , mainly in South Australia .",intentional +586,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Construction and maintenance of wind and solar facilities ­release far more carbon dioxide than they are meant to save over their working lives and they need to be sup­ported 24/7 by coal-fired generators .,intentional +587,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Australia ’ s signed a suicide note yet didn ’ t seem to notice that China , India , Indonesia and the US did not commit to reducing their large carbon dioxide emissions .",intentional +588,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Australia ’ s energy policy is based on the fallacious assumption that human emissions of CO2 drive global warming .,intentional +589,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"The grasslands , crops , forests and territorial waters of Australia absorb more carbon dioxide than Australia emits . Australia should demand the Paris Accord shell out some of the billions sloshing around in the climate business .",intentional +590,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,Cooling trends have been “ homogenised ” to warming trends .,intentional +591,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"No genuine environmentalist could honestly support subsidised wind turbines that despoil the scenery , slice and dice birds and bats , damage human health and spread toxins .",fallacy of extension +592,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"As soon as the words emissions , climate change and Paris are used , you know you are being conned and that the world ’ s biggest scam will continue .",ad hominem +593,http://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/misguided-renewable-energy-policies-will-ruin-the-nation/news-story/1f0ad93fa98a37fbf6ddd6c8eb425231,"Unless the laws of physics are changed , solar power can not be made more efficient .",fallacy of extension +594,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Worst-case global heating scenarios may need to be revised upwards in light of a better understanding of the role of clouds , scientists have said .",fallacy of credibility +595,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Recent modelling data suggests the climate is considerably more sensitive to carbon emissions than previously believed , and experts said the projections had the potential to be “ incredibly alarming ” , though they stressed further research would be needed to validate the new numbers .",faulty generalization +596,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Compared with the last assessment in 2014 , 25 % of them show a sharp upward shift from 3C to 5C in climate sensitivity – the amount of warming projected from a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide from the preindustrial level of 280 parts per million .",intentional +597,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Now , we are suddenly starting to see big climate models on the best supercomputers showing things could be worse than we thought . ”",faulty generalization +598,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Compared with the last assessment in 2014 , 25 % of them show a sharp upward shift from 3C to 5C in climate sensitivity – the amount of warming projected from a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide from the preindustrial level of 280 parts per million .",intentional +599,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"“ Clouds will determine humanity ’ s fate – whether climate is an existential threat or an inconvenience that we will learn to live with , ” said Palmer . “ Most recent models suggest clouds will make matters worse . ”",faulty generalization +600,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Recent modelling data suggests the climate is considerably more sensitive to carbon emissions than previously believed , and experts said the projections had the potential to be “ incredibly alarming ” , though they stressed further research would be needed to validate the new numbers .",intentional +601,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"Worst-case projections in excess of 5C have been generated by several of the world ’ s leading climate research bodies , including the UK Met Office ’ s Hadley Centre and the EU ’ s Community Earth System Model .",intentional +602,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"People asked whether there was a bug in the code , ” he said . “ But it boiled down to relatively small changes in the way clouds are represented in the models . ”",appeal to emotion +603,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jun/13/climate-worst-case-scenarios-clouds-scientists-global-heating,"“ The more we learn , the more fragile the Earth system seems to be and the faster we need to move , ” he said . “",fallacy of logic +604,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,You can say this for bleeding-heart liberals : They certainly have a flair for the ironic .,ad hominem +605,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,An expedition designed to gather evidence of global warming and “ climate change ” in the Arctic was canceled last month after a humiliating discovery was made :,intentional +606,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,There was so much ice in the Arctic that the icebreaker it was going to use was needed elsewhere .,false dilemma +607,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"It ’ s the return of left-leaning scientists ’ famous nemesis , “ Reality. ”",ad hominem +608,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"“ There was the Ship of Fools expedition in which an Australian climate researcher called Chris Turkey had to call an expedition to the melting Antarctic after his ship got stuck in the ice , ” recalled Breitbart News contributor James Delingpole .",equivocation +609,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"“ The Caitlin Expedition – supported by the Prince of Wales – in which Pen Haddow and his team had to abandon their trip to the North Pole because it was colder than they ’ d expected , ” he continued .",ad hominem +610,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,Have you noticed a trend ?,ad hominem +611,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"Recognizing that skepticism and asking challenging questions are part of good science , yet climate change radicals have made their politically fueled narrative more important than the truth .",fallacy of extension +612,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"The problem with the proponents of man-made climate change theories isn ’ t that they might be wrong . The real issue is the arrogance and zealotry found in people who see science not as an ongoing process , but as a religion .",fallacy of extension +613,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,,ad hominem +614,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,You can say this for bleeding-heart liberals : They certainly have a flair for the ironic .,ad hominem +615,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,An expedition designed to gather evidence of global warming and “ climate change ” in the Arctic was canceled last month after a humiliating discovery was made : There was so much ice in the Arctic that the icebreaker it was going to use was needed elsewhere .,fallacy of extension +616,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"It ’ s the return of left-leaning scientists ’ famous nemesis , “ Reality. ”",fallacy of relevance +617,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"“ There was the Ship of Fools expedition in which an Australian climate researcher called Chris Turkey had to call an expedition to the melting Antarctic after his ship got stuck in the ice , ” recalled Breitbart News contributor James Delingpole .",fallacy of logic +618,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"The real issue is the arrogance and zealotry found in people who see science not as an ongoing process , but as a religion .",ad hominem +619,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"The simple fact is , humans know very little about the climate cycles of our world .",fallacy of logic +620,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,"Recognizing that skepticism and asking challenging questions are part of good science , yet climate change radicals have made their politically fueled narrative more important than the truth .",ad hominem +621,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,It looks like the Arctic Ocean missed the memo and isn ’ t playing along with the liberal talking points .,circular reasoning +622,https://conservativetribune.com/global-warming-study-cancelled/,It looks like the Arctic Ocean missed the memo and isn ’ t playing along with the liberal talking points .,ad hominem +623,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"If your anxiety about global warming is dominated by fears of sea-level rise , you are barely scratching the surface of what terrors are possible , even within the lifetime of a teenager today .",appeal to emotion +624,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"When it thaws and is released , that carbon may evaporate as methane , which is 34 times as powerful a greenhouse-gas warming blanket as carbon dioxide when judged on the timescale of a century ; when judged on the timescale of two decades , it is 86 times as powerful .",false dilemma +625,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Over the past decades , our culture has gone apocalyptic with zombie movies and Mad Max dystopias , perhaps the collective result of displaced climate anxiety , and yet when it comes to contemplating real-world warming dangers , we suffer from an incredible failure of imagination .",ad populum +626,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Most people talk as if Miami and Bangladesh still have a chance of surviving ; most of the scientists I spoke with assume we ’ ll lose them within the century , even if we stop burning fossil fuel in the next decade .",faulty generalization +627,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"But the many sober-minded scientists I interviewed over the past several months — the most credentialed and tenured in the field , few of them inclined to alarmism and many advisers to the IPCC who nevertheless criticize its conservatism — have quietly reached an apocalyptic conclusion , too :",fallacy of credibility +628,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"At four degrees , the deadly European heat wave of 2003 , which killed as many as 2,000 people a day , will be a normal summer .",appeal to emotion +629,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Of course , heat stress promises to pummel us in places other than our kidneys , too .",appeal to emotion +630,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"As the BBC reported in May , scientists suspect smallpox and the bubonic plague are trapped in Siberian ice , too — an abridged history of devastating human sickness , left out like egg salad in the Arctic sun .",fallacy of relevance +631,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"You don ’ t worry much about dengue or malaria if you are living in Maine or France . But as the tropics creep northward and mosquitoes migrate with them , you will .",appeal to emotion +632,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,A planet five degrees warmer would have at least half again as many wars as we do today .,false causality +633,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The scale of that economic devastation is hard to comprehend , but you can start by imagining what the world would look like today with an economy half as big , which would produce only half as much value , generating only half as much to offer the workers of the world .",fallacy of extension +634,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Ocean acidification will fry fish populations directly , too , though scientists aren ’ t yet sure how to predict the effects on the stuff we haul out of the ocean to eat ; they do know that in acid waters , oysters and mussels will struggle to grow their shells , and that when the pH of human blood drops as much as the oceans ’ pH has over the past generation , it induces seizures , comas , and sudden death .",false causality +635,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Carbon absorption can initiate a feedback loop in which underoxygenated waters breed different kinds of microbes that turn the water still more “ anoxic , ” first in deep ocean “ dead zones , ” then gradually up toward the surface .",false causality +636,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"This process , in which dead zones grow like cancers , choking off marine life and wiping out fisheries , is already quite advanced in parts of the Gulf of Mexico and just off Namibia , where hydrogen sulfide is bubbling out of the sea along a thousand-mile stretch of land known as the “ Skeleton Coast. ”",appeal to emotion +637,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The strongest hurricanes will come more often , and we ’ ll have to invent new categories with which to describe them ; tornadoes will grow longer and wider and strike much more frequently , and hail rocks will quadruple in size .",appeal to emotion +638,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The strongest hurricanes will come more often , and we ’ ll have to invent new categories with which to describe them ; tornadoes will grow longer and wider and strike much more frequently , and hail rocks will quadruple in size .",appeal to emotion +639,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"And yet the swelling seas — and the cities they will drown — have so dominated the picture of global warming , and so overwhelmed our capacity for climate panic , that they have occluded our perception of other threats , many much closer at hand .",appeal to emotion +640,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Rising oceans are bad , in fact very bad ; but fleeing the coastline will not be enough .",fallacy of logic +641,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Indeed , absent a significant adjustment to how billions of humans conduct their lives , parts of the Earth will likely become close to uninhabitable , and other parts horrifically inhospitable , as soon as the end of this century . Even when we train our eyes on climate change , we are unable to comprehend its scope .",fallacy of logic +642,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"This past winter , a string of days 60 and 70 degrees warmer than normal baked the North Pole , melting the permafrost that encased Norway ’ s Svalbard seed vault — a global food bank nicknamed “ Doomsday , ” designed to ensure that our agriculture survives any catastrophe , and which appeared to have been flooded by climate change less than ten years after being built .",fallacy of relevance +643,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"In other words , we have , trapped in Arctic permafrost , twice as much carbon as is currently wrecking the atmosphere of the planet , all of it scheduled to be released at a date that keeps getting moved up , partially in the form of a gas that multiplies its warming power 86 times over .",ad populum +644,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Or the news from Antarctica this past May , when a crack in an ice shelf grew 11 miles in six days , then kept going ; the break now has just three miles to go — by the time you read this , it may already have met the open water , where it will drop into the sea one of the biggest icebergs ever , a process known poetically as “ calving . ”",faulty generalization +645,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"It is unlikely that all of these warming scenarios will be fully realized , largely because the devastation along the way will shake our complacency .",appeal to emotion +646,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,This article is the result of dozens of interviews and exchanges with climatologists and researchers in related fields and reflects hundreds of scientific papers on the subject of climate change .,fallacy of credibility +647,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Most people talk as if Miami and Bangladesh still have a chance of surviving ; most of the scientists I spoke with assume we ’ ll lose them within the century , even if we stop burning fossil fuel in the next decade .",fallacy of credibility +648,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The IPCC reports also don ’ t fully account for the albedo effect ( less ice means less reflected and more absorbed sunlight , hence more warming ) ; more cloud cover ( which traps heat ) ; or the dieback of forests and other flora ( which extract carbon from the atmosphere ) .",intentional +649,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The last time the planet was even four degrees warmer , Peter Brannen points out in The Ends of the World , his new history of the planet ’ s major extinction events , the oceans were hundreds of feet higher . * The Earth has experienced five mass extinctions before the one we are living through now , each so complete a slate-wiping of the evolutionary record it functioned as a resetting of the planetary clock , and many climate scientists will tell you they are the best analog for the ecological future we are diving headlong into .",ad populum +650,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The Earth has experienced five mass extinctions before the one we are living through now , each so complete a slate-wiping of the evolutionary record it functioned as a resetting of the planetary clock , and many climate scientists will tell you they are the best analog for the ecological future we are diving headlong into .",faulty generalization +651,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"That is what Wallace Smith Broecker , the avuncular oceanographer who coined the term “ global warming , ” means when he calls the planet an “ angry beast. ” You could also go with “ war machine. ” Each day we arm it more .",faulty generalization +652,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"At seven degrees of warming , that would become impossible for large portions of the planet ’ s equatorial band , and especially the tropics , where humidity adds to the problem ; in the jungles of Costa Rica , for instance , where humidity routinely tops 90 percent , simply moving around outside when it ’ s over 105 degrees Fahrenheit would be lethal .",faulty generalization +653,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Peter Ward , a charismatic paleontologist among those responsible for discovering that the planet ’ s mass extinctions were caused by greenhouse gas , calls this the “ Great Filter ” : “ Civilizations rise , but there ’ s an environmental filter that causes them to die off again and disappear fairly quickly , ” he told me . “ If you look at planet Earth , the filtering we ’ ve had in the past has been in these mass extinctions. ”",intentional +654,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The Earth has experienced five mass extinctions before the one we are living through now , each so complete a slate-wiping of the evolutionary record it functioned as a resetting of the planetary clock , and many climate scientists will tell you they are the best analog for the ecological future we are diving headlong into .",fallacy of credibility +655,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"This is what Stephen Hawking had in mind when he said , this spring , that the species needs to colonize other planets in the next century to survive , and what drove Elon Musk , last month , to unveil his plans to build a Mars habitat in 40 to 100 years .",fallacy of credibility +656,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,No plausible program of emissions reductions alone can prevent climate disaster .,fallacy of logic +657,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"And however sanguine you might be about the proposition that we have already ravaged the natural world , which we surely have , it is another thing entirely to consider the possibility that we have only provoked it , engineering first in ignorance and then in denial a climate system that will now go to war with us for many centuries , perhaps until it destroys us .",appeal to emotion +658,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"At 11 or 12 degrees of warming , more than half the world ’ s population , as distributed today , would die of direct heat .",ad populum +659,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Things almost certainly won ’ t get that hot this century , though models of unabated emissions do bring us that far eventually .",fallacy of logic +660,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Since 1980 , the planet has experienced a 50-fold increase in the number of places experiencing dangerous or extreme heat ; a bigger increase is to come .",faulty generalization +661,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The five warmest summers in Europe since 1500 have all occurred since 2002 , and soon , the IPCC warns , simply being outdoors that time of year will be unhealthy for much of the globe . Even if we meet the Paris goals of two degrees warming , cities like Karachi and Kolkata will become close to uninhabitable , annually encountering deadly heat waves like those that crippled them in 2015 .",fallacy of logic +662,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Even if we meet the Paris goals of two degrees warming , cities like Karachi and Kolkata will become close to uninhabitable , annually encountering deadly heat waves like those that crippled them in 2015 .",appeal to emotion +663,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"At four degrees , the deadly European heat wave of 2003 , which killed as many as 2,000 people a day , will be a normal summer .",faulty generalization +664,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"At six , according to an assessment focused only on effects within the U.S. from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , summer labor of any kind would become impossible in the lower Mississippi Valley , and everybody in the country east of the Rockies would be under more heat stress than anyone , anywhere , in the world today . As Joseph Romm has put it in his authoritative primer Climate Change : What Everyone Needs to Know , heat stress in New York City would exceed that of present-day Bahrain , one of the planet ’ s hottest spots , and the temperature in Bahrain “ would induce hyperthermia in even sleeping humans. ”",fallacy of logic +665,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"As soon as several decades from now , the hajj will become physically impossible for the 2 million Muslims who make the pilgrimage each year .",false dilemma +666,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"As soon as several decades from now , the hajj will become physically impossible for the 2 million Muslims who make the pilgrimage each year .",faulty generalization +667,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"With dialysis , which is expensive , those with kidney failure can expect to live five years ; without it , life expectancy is in the weeks . Of course , heat stress promises to pummel us in places other than our kidneys , too .",fallacy of logic +668,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"But as the pathbreaking work by Rosamond Naylor and David Battisti has shown , the tropics are already too hot to efficiently grow grain , and those places where grain is produced today are already at optimal growing temperature — which means even a small warming will push them down the slope of declining productivity .",faulty generalization +669,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The droughts in the American plains and Southwest would not just be worse than in the 1930s , a 2015 NASA study predicted , but worse than any droughts in a thousand years — and that includes those that struck between 1100 and 1300 , which “ dried up all the rivers East of the Sierra Nevada mountains ” and may have been responsible for the death of the Anasazi civilization .",fallacy of credibility +670,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"There are now , trapped in Arctic ice , diseases that have not circulated in the air for millions of years — in some cases , since before humans were around to encounter them . Which means our immune systems would have no idea how to fight back when those prehistoric plagues emerge from the ice .",appeal to emotion +671,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Before the early-modern period , when adventuring sailboats accelerated the mixing of peoples and their bugs , human provinciality was a guard against pandemic . Today , even with globalization and the enormous intermingling of human populations , our ecosystems are mostly stable , and this functions as another limit , but global warming will scramble those ecosystems and help disease trespass those limits as surely as Cortés did .",fallacy of logic +672,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The fraction of carbon dioxide is growing : It just crossed 400 parts per million , and high-end estimates extrapolating from current trends suggest it will hit 1,000 ppm by 2100 . At that concentration , compared to the air we breathe now , human cognitive ability declines by 21 percent .",ad populum +673,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Other stuff in the hotter air is even scarier , with small increases in pollution capable of shortening life spans by ten years .",appeal to emotion +674,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The warmer the planet gets , the more ozone forms , and by mid-century , Americans will likely suffer a 70 percent increase in unhealthy ozone smog , the National Center for Atmospheric Research has projected .",fallacy of credibility +675,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,Which does make you think again about the autism epidemic in West Hollywood .,false causality +676,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Already , more than 10,000 people die each day from the small particles emitted from fossil-fuel burning ; each year , 339,000 people die from wildfire smoke , in part because climate change has extended forest-fire season ( in the U.S. , it ’ s increased by 78 days since 1970 ) .",false causality +677,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"By 2050 , according to the U.S. Forest Service , wildfires will be twice as destructive as they are today ; in some places , the area burned could grow fivefold .",appeal to emotion +678,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"Peatland fires in Indonesia in 1997 , for instance , added to the global CO2 release by up to 40 percent , and more burning only means more warming only means more burning .",circular reasoning +679,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"There is also the terrifying possibility that rain forests like the Amazon , which in 2010 suffered its second “ hundred-year drought ” in the space of five years , could dry out enough to become vulnerable to these kinds of devastating , rolling forest fires — which would not only expel enormous amounts of carbon into the atmosphere but also shrink the size of the forest . That is especially bad because the Amazon alone provides 20 percent of our oxygen .",appeal to emotion +680,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"In 2013 , melting Arctic ice remodeled Asian weather patterns , depriving industrial China of the natural ventilation systems it had come to depend on , which blanketed much of the country ’ s north in an unbreathable smog .",false causality +681,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"The Chinese “ airpocalypse ” of 2013 peaked at what would have been an Air Quality Index of over 800 . That year , smog was responsible for a third of all deaths in the country .",ad populum +682,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,"But researchers like Marshall Burke and Solomon Hsiang have managed to quantify some of the non-obvious relationships between temperature and violence : For every half-degree of warming , they say , societies will see between a 10 and 20 percent increase in the likelihood of armed conflict .",fallacy of credibility +683,http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html,Some speculate that the elevated level of strife across the Middle East over the past generation reflects the pressures of global warming — a hypothesis all the more cruel considering that warming began accelerating when the industrialized world extracted and then burned the region ’ s oil .,fallacy of credibility +684,https://mashable.com/archive/vanuatu-cyclone-pam-global-warming,"`` The bottom line point is that there has been a long-term warming trend observed in the location where Pam intensified , '' Ventrice said .",false causality +685,https://mashable.com/archive/vanuatu-cyclone-pam-global-warming,,appeal to emotion +686,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"This debate — as I argue at some length in Watermelons — was always about left-wing ideology , quasi-religious hysteria , and “ follow the money ” corruption , never about “ science . ”",fallacy of extension +687,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"That is , all these different experts from around the world — China , Russia , Canada , the U.S. , Italy , etc . — have been looking closely at different aspects of the global warming puzzle in various regions and on different timescales and come to the conclusion in irreproachable , peer-reviewed scientific ways that there is no evidence to support the global warming scare story .",intentional +688,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Büntgen et al , below , shows that temperatures in the northern hemisphere were warmer in the early 1400s than they are today",intentional +689,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,intentional +690,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here ’ s one from Li et al showing that China was much warmer 8,000 years ago",fallacy of relevance +691,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,fallacy of relevance +692,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"By “ global warming ” these papers don ’ t , of course , mean the mild warming of around 0.8 degrees Celsius that the planet has experienced since the middle of the 19th century as the world crawled out of the Little Ice Age .",intentional +693,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here ’ s one from Li et al showing that China was much warmer 8,000 years ago",intentional +694,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,intentional +695,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Büntgen et al , below , shows that temperatures in the northern hemisphere were warmer in the early 1400s than they are today",fallacy of relevance +696,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,fallacy of relevance +697,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,“ Global warming ” is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017 .,fallacy of credibility +698,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"“ Global warming ” as in the scary , historically unprecedented , primarily man-made phenomenon which we must address urgently before the icecaps melt and the Pacific islands disappear beneath the waves and all the baby polar bears drown .",ad hominem +699,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"By “ global warming ” these papers don ’ t , of course , mean the mild warming of around 0.8 degrees Celsius that the planet has experienced since the middle of the 19th century as the world crawled out of the Little Ice Age .",equivocation +700,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"“ Global warming ” as in the scary , historically unprecedented , primarily man-made phenomenon which we must address urgently before the icecaps melt and the Pacific islands disappear beneath the waves and all the baby polar bears drown .",intentional +701,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,What all these papers argue in their different ways is that the alarmist version of global warming — aka Catastrophic Anthropogenic Global Warming ( CAGW ) — is a fake artefact .,fallacy of extension +702,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"That is , all these different experts from around the world — China , Russia , Canada , the U.S. , Italy , etc . — have been looking closely at different aspects of the global warming puzzle in various regions and on different timescales and come to the conclusion in irreproachable , peer-reviewed scientific ways that there is no evidence to support the global warming scare story .",equivocation +703,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,“ Global warming ” is a myth — so say 80 graphs from 58 peer-reviewed scientific papers published in 2017 .,intentional +704,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Büntgen et al , below , shows that temperatures in the northern hemisphere were warmer in the early 1400s than they are today",fallacy of credibility +705,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here ’ s one from Li et al showing that China was much warmer 8,000 years ago",fallacy of credibility +706,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,fallacy of credibility +707,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Here ’ s an unusual one from Guillet et al suggesting that there ’ s nothing new about wildly early or late grape harvests through the centuries :,fallacy of credibility +708,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"And on and on it goes — there are 80 graphs in all , each showing in its different way why the scare about global warming has been horribly overdone because the evidence just doesn ’ t support its being unusual or a problem .",fallacy of logic +709,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Few , if any , entertain the notion that carbon dioxide levels have much to do with it .",intentional +710,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,Several of the papers note that the primary influence on warming appears to be solar activity .,equivocation +711,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,The intellectually corrupt and mendacious alarmist science establishment —,ad hominem +712,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,But this is just ugly propaganda .,ad hominem +713,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here are dozens of reputable scientists from around the world with no axe to grind collaborating on studies which all corroborate , independently and rigorously , the increasingly respectable view that “ man-made global warming ” just isn ’ t a thing .",fallacy of credibility +714,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here are dozens of reputable scientists from around the world with no axe to grind collaborating on studies which all corroborate , independently and rigorously , the increasingly respectable view that “ man-made global warming ” just isn ’ t a thing .",ad populum +715,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"Here are dozens of reputable scientists from around the world with no axe to grind collaborating on studies which all corroborate , independently and rigorously , the increasingly respectable view that “ man-made global warming ” just isn ’ t a thing .",fallacy of logic +716,http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/06/delingpole-global-warming-is-myth-58-scientific-papers-2017/,"This debate — as I argue at some length in Watermelons — was always about left-wing ideology , quasi-religious hysteria , and “ follow the money ” corruption , never about “ science . ”",ad hominem +717,https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2017/08/03/global-ocean-circulation-appears-to-be-collapsing-due-to-a-warming-planet/#8a42b28f6f40,"As a disclaimer , the plot line in which much of New England and Western Europe gets plunged into an ice age is significantly over exaggerated and unrealistic on human time scales .",faulty generalization +718,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/03/27/one-of-the-most-troubling-ideas-about-climate-change-just-found-new-evidence-in-its-favor/,"Ever since 2012 , scientists have been debating a complex and frankly explosive idea about how a warming planet will alter our weather — one that , if it ’ s correct , would have profound implications across the Northern Hemisphere and especially in its middle latitudes , where hundreds of millions of people live .",appeal to emotion +719,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/03/27/one-of-the-most-troubling-ideas-about-climate-change-just-found-new-evidence-in-its-favor/,"The study itself , for instance , refers to “ quasi-resonant amplification ( QRA ) of synoptic-scale waves ” as the key mechanism for how researchers believe this is happening — terminology sure to impart terror in nonscientists worldwide .",intentional +720,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/03/27/one-of-the-most-troubling-ideas-about-climate-change-just-found-new-evidence-in-its-favor/,"Mann , who testifies before Congress this week in a session that is expected to feature a rip-roaring debate about the severity of climate change , commented , “ That ’ s going to be a fake debate .",false dilemma +721,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,You have said on several occasions that summer Arctic sea ice would disappear by the middle of this decade . It hasn ’ t . Are you being alarmist ? No .,false dilemma +722,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,"By contrast , carbon dioxide hangs around in the climate system for about 100 years before it ends up in the sea and is absorbed by creatures that die and litter the seabed .",appeal to emotion +723,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,Calculations suggest it would need 40 % to 50 % of the arable land of the planet to make it work on the scale we will need and that would not leave enough land to grow crops to feed the world or to provide homes for a viable population of wild animals and plants .,ad populum +724,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,Most people expect this year will see a record low in the Arctic ’ s summer sea-ice cover .,ad populum +725,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,"Today , there are quite a number of researchers who think carbon dioxide could last 1,000 years in the atmosphere .",ad populum +726,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/21/arctic-will-be-ice-free-in-summer-next-year,"We may be able to raise the Thames barrier in Britain but in Bangladesh , it just means more and more people will be drowned .",appeal to emotion +727,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/06/27/its-official-humans-are-making-the-earth-much-greener/,"It ’ s one that has often been celebrated by climate change skeptics and contrarians who have long contended that global warming won ’ t be all bad , and that plants might help offset any global warming trend .",false dilemma +728,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"On our current trajectory , the report warns , “ planetary and human systems [ are ] reaching a ‘ point of no return ’ by mid-century , in which the prospect of a largely uninhabitable Earth leads to the breakdown of nations and the international order . ”",appeal to emotion +729,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"Barrie now works for the Climate Change Institute at Australian National University , Canberra .",appeal to emotion +730,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,A harrowing scenario analysis of how human civilization might collapse in coming decades due to climate change has been endorsed by a former Australian defense chief and senior royal navy commander .,intentional +731,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,A harrowing scenario analysis of how human civilization might collapse in coming decades due to climate change has been endorsed by a former Australian defense chief and senior royal navy commander .,faulty generalization +732,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"The analysis , published by the Breakthrough National Centre for Climate Restoration , a think-tank in Melbourne , Australia , describes climate change as “ a near- to mid-term existential threat to human civilization ” and sets out a plausible scenario of where business-as-usual could lead over the next 30 years .",faulty generalization +733,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"On our current trajectory , the report warns , “ planetary and human systems [ are ] reaching a ‘ point of no return ’ by mid-century , in which the prospect of a largely uninhabitable Earth leads to the breakdown of nations and the international order . ”",intentional +734,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,The only way to avoid the risks of this scenario is what the report describes as “ akin in scale to the World War II emergency mobilization ” —but this time focused on rapidly building out a zero-emissions industrial system to set in train the restoration of a safe climate .,intentional +735,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"Some one billion people would be forced to attempt to relocate from unlivable conditions , and two billion would face scarcity of water supplies . Agriculture would collapse in the sub-tropics , and food production would suffer dramatically worldwide . The internal cohesion of nation-states like the US and China would unravel .",faulty generalization +736,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"“ Even for 2°C of warming , more than a billion people may need to be relocated and in high-end scenarios , the scale of destruction is beyond our capacity to model with a high likelihood of human civilization coming to an end , ” the report notes .",fallacy of logic +737,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"Barrie now works for the Climate Change Institute at Australian National University , Canberra .",faulty generalization +738,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,,faulty generalization +739,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,,intentional +740,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"Barrie now works for the Climate Change Institute at Australian National University , Canberra .",intentional +741,https://www.iflscience.com/environment/new-report-warns-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-within-30-years/,"Some one billion people would be forced to attempt to relocate from unlivable conditions , and two billion would face scarcity of water supplies . Agriculture would collapse in the sub-tropics , and food production would suffer dramatically worldwide . The internal cohesion of nation-states like the US and China would unravel .",intentional +742,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Yes , you read that correctly , three million — million — years ago CO2 levels on Earth were the same as they are today , but there is one major difference between three million years ago and today…",intentional +743,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"We have also been told the problem is DEFINITELY NOT a billions-year-old planet running through cycles where the temperature might fluctuate a bit . Oh , no , that could never be it — so stop saying that could be , you Denier .",intentional +744,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"No , actually , what this study proves is that there is nothing we can do to stop the Earth ’ s naturally occurring climate cycles .",intentional +745,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,,false dilemma +746,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Current CO2 levels of 410 parts per million ( ppm ) were last seen on Earth three million years ago , according to the most detailed reconstruction of the Earth ’ s climate by researchers at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research ( PIK ) and published in Science Advances .",intentional +747,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,And yet… CO2 levels were the same then as they are now…,false dilemma +748,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,The far-left ThinkProgress reports that scientists have finally proven that the theory of man-made Global Warming is a total hoax .,fallacy of relevance +749,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Yes , you read that correctly , three million — million — years ago CO2 levels on Earth were the same as they are today , but there is one major difference between three million years ago and today… Three million years ago , we humans were not driving cars or eating the meat that requires cow farts ; we weren ’ t barbecuing or refusing to recycle or building factories ; there was no Industrial Age , no plastic , no air conditioning , no electricity , no lumber mills , no consumerism , no aerosols . In fact , three million years ago , there were probably no human beings on Earth , at least not human in the way we use that term today . And yet…",false causality +750,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Yes , you read that correctly , three million — million — years ago CO2 levels on Earth were the same as they are today , but there is one major difference between three million years ago and today… Three million years ago , we humans were not driving cars or eating the meat that requires cow farts ; we weren ’ t barbecuing or refusing to recycle or building factories ; there was no Industrial Age , no plastic , no air conditioning , no electricity , no lumber mills , no consumerism , no aerosols . In fact , three million years ago , there were probably no human beings on Earth , at least not human in the way we use that term today . And yet…",fallacy of logic +751,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Temperatures were up to 7 degrees Fahrenheit warmer globally , at least double that at the poles , and sea levels were some 20 meters ( 65 feet ) higher . How is that possible 2,999,945 years before Americans moved to the suburbs and lit up the charcoal grills ?",fallacy of logic +752,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Because , because , because Orange Man Bad :",fallacy of relevance +753,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Because , because , because Orange Man Bad :",fallacy of extension +754,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"No , actually , what this study proves is that there is nothing we can do to stop the Earth ’ s naturally occurring climate cycles .",fallacy of logic +755,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,,ad hominem +756,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,,fallacy of logic +757,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,,fallacy of extension +758,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Current CO2 levels of 410 parts per million ( ppm ) were last seen on Earth three million years ago , according to the most detailed reconstruction of the Earth ’ s climate by researchers at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research ( PIK ) and published in Science Advances .",fallacy of credibility +759,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,"Because , because , because Orange Man Bad :",ad hominem +760,https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/nolte-scientists-prove-man-made-global-warming-is-a-hoax/,,ad hominem +761,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"As a 2003 study published in the same Science journal put it , `` there will not be enough nitrogen available to sustain the high carbon uptake scenarios . ''",intentional +762,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,Pay close attention to the word `` paradigm . '',intentional +763,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,The question is whether any climate scientists or environmentalists — who are entirely wedded to the idea that industrialization is destroying the planet — would ever admit this .,intentional +764,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,The question is whether any climate scientists or environmentalists — who are entirely wedded to the idea that industrialization is destroying the planet — would ever admit this .,fallacy of extension +765,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"As we 've noted in this space , the idea of `` settled science '' peddled by environmentalists and politicians defies the history of science , which has seen repeated upheavals of previous forms of `` settled science . ''",fallacy of credibility +766,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"As we 've noted in this space , the idea of `` settled science '' peddled by environmentalists and politicians defies the history of science , which has seen repeated upheavals of previous forms of `` settled science . ''",faulty generalization +767,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"Thomas Kuhn studied this phenomenon in his 1962 book `` The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions . '' He explained how scientists develop a theory — or paradigm — based on available evidence — to explain what they 're seeing . Once that paradigm takes hold , scientists are often loath to give up on it even if evidence piles up that it might be wrong . Eventually , however , faulty paradigms do give way , ushering in a new scientific paradigm . Examples of such paradigm shifts in the past : heliocentric solar system , continental drift , Einstein 's theories .",fallacy of relevance +768,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"Thomas Kuhn studied this phenomenon in his 1962 book `` The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions . '' He explained how scientists develop a theory — or paradigm — based on available evidence — to explain what they 're seeing . Once that paradigm takes hold , scientists are often loath to give up on it even if evidence piles up that it might be wrong . Eventually , however , faulty paradigms do give way , ushering in a new scientific paradigm . Examples of such paradigm shifts in the past : heliocentric solar system , continental drift , Einstein 's theories .",fallacy of credibility +769,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"Thomas Kuhn studied this phenomenon in his 1962 book `` The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions . '' He explained how scientists develop a theory — or paradigm — based on available evidence — to explain what they 're seeing . Once that paradigm takes hold , scientists are often loath to give up on it even if evidence piles up that it might be wrong . Eventually , however , faulty paradigms do give way , ushering in a new scientific paradigm . Examples of such paradigm shifts in the past : heliocentric solar system , continental drift , Einstein 's theories .",faulty generalization +770,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,And a recent paper published in Nature concluded that the planet is less sensitive to increases in CO2 than the computer models say .,intentional +771,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,But will they ?,intentional +772,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"With their reputations and huge amounts government grant money at stake , it 's unlikely that many climate scientists would ever admit to being wrong .",ad hominem +773,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"With their reputations and huge amounts government grant money at stake , it 's unlikely that many climate scientists would ever admit to being wrong .",intentional +774,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,They failed to predict a decade-long pause in global temperatures .,intentional +775,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,Nor have various calamities that were supposed to have occurred by now materialized .,intentional +776,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,But climate scientists assumed that the ability to plants to perform this function was limited because the availability of nitrogen in the atmosphere was limited .,intentional +777,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"Climate Change : Scientists just discovered a massive , heretofore unknown , source of nitrogen .",intentional +778,https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/global-warming-computer-model-nitrogen-rocks/,"If Houlton 's finding about these vast , previously unknown nitrogen stores holds true , then it would have an enormous impact on global warming predictions .",intentional +779,http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/27/sleeping-giant-arctic-methane-deposits-starting-to-release-scientists-find,The international team onboard the Russian research ship R/V Akademik Keldysh said most of the bubbles were currently dissolving in the water but methane levels at the surface were four to eight times what would normally be expected and this was venting into the atmosphere .,intentional +780,http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/27/sleeping-giant-arctic-methane-deposits-starting-to-release-scientists-find,"High levels of the potent greenhouse gas have been detected down to a depth of 350 metres in the Laptev Sea near Russia , prompting concern among researchers that the discovery could have “ serious climate consequences ” .",intentional +781,http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/27/sleeping-giant-arctic-methane-deposits-starting-to-release-scientists-find,"The Arctic is considered ground zero in the debate about the vulnerability of frozen methane deposits – which have been called the “ sleeping giants of the carbon cycle ” - in the ocean , and if releases were to exceed a tipping point it could increase the speed of global heating .",intentional +782,http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/27/sleeping-giant-arctic-methane-deposits-starting-to-release-scientists-find,"Methane seeps detected in the past were found to be historic , but the expedition believes these are new based on an earlier study showing movement of the subsea permafrost between the early 1980s and 2015 .",fallacy of credibility +783,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"Despite all this evidence , however , Governors and Senators who are often climate change deniers still get voted back into power there .",ad hominem +784,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"A new study , published in Geophysical Research Letters , suggests that even this ludicrously short-sighted measure won ’ t be enough to stop the incoming tide .",ad hominem +785,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"All in all , it ’ s bad news for Florida ’ s near-future , which is set to be underwater faster than anyone has previously estimated .",appeal to emotion +786,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"Another study revealed that , by 2100 , there will be 2 billion climate refugees – and several million of them will be migrating from Florida to places further inland .",appeal to emotion +787,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"Despite all this evidence , however , Governors and Senators who are often climate change deniers still get voted back into power there .",fallacy of logic +788,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"As a result , instead of investing in climate change prevention measures , streets in Miami are literally getting raised up off the ground to stop floodwater coming in .",intentional +789,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"All in all , it ’ s bad news for Florida ’ s near-future , which is set to be underwater faster than anyone has previously estimated .",faulty generalization +790,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,"Another study revealed that , by 2100 , there will be 2 billion climate refugees – and several million of them will be migrating from Florida to places further inland .",fallacy of credibility +791,http://www.iflscience.com/environment/the-sea-level-around-florida-is-rising-six-times-faster-than-average/,,appeal to emotion +792,http://www.wsj.com/articles/the-phony-war-against-co2-1477955418,"For good reason : In the U.S. , and for much of the world , the most dangerous environmental pollutants have been cleaned up . U.S. emissions of particulates , metals and varied gases—all of these : ozone , lead , carbon monoxide , oxides of nitrogen and sulfur—fell almost 70 % between 1970 and 2014 .",ad hominem +793,http://www.wsj.com/articles/the-phony-war-against-co2-1477955418,"National polls show that climate change is low on the list of voters ’ priorities . For good reason : In the U.S. , and for much of the world , the most dangerous environmental pollutants have been cleaned up . U.S. emissions of particulates , metals and varied gases—all of these : ozone , lead , carbon monoxide , oxides of nitrogen and sulfur—fell almost 70 % between 1970 and 2014 .",intentional +794,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/23/climate/alaska-permafrost-thawing.html,"“ It ’ s sobering to think of this magnificent landscape and how fundamentally it can change over a relatively short time period , ” he added .",appeal to emotion +795,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/23/climate/alaska-permafrost-thawing.html,"Estimates vary on how much carbon is currently released from thawing permafrost worldwide , but by one calculation emissions over the rest of the century could average about 1.5 billion tons a year , or about the same as current annual emissions from fossil-fuel burning in the United States .",intentional +796,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/23/climate/alaska-permafrost-thawing.html,"In addition to greenhouse gas emissions , thawing wreaks havoc on infrastructure , causing slumping of land when ice loses volume as it turns to water .",appeal to emotion +797,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,What ’ s the point ? ’ said Boy . ‘ By the time I get to Australia to see it the whole bloody lot will have dissolved . ’,faulty generalization +798,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we ’ ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath . First it will kill off all the calcified marine life , such as shellfish , corals and plankton . Then it will destroy all the species that depend on it — causing an almighty mass extinction which will wipe out the fishing industry and turn our oceans into a barren zone of death .",faulty generalization +799,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Unfortunately for the doom-mongers , we sceptics have just received some heavy fire-support from a neutral authority .",ad hominem +800,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Howard Browman , a marine scientist for 35 years , has published a review in the ICES Journal of Marine Science of all the papers published on the subject . His verdict could hardly be more damning . The methodology used by the studies was often flawed ; contrary studies suggesting that ocean acidification wasn ’ t a threat had sometimes had difficulty finding a publisher .",fallacy of credibility +801,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Why , between 2009 and 2014 , did Defra spend a whopping £12.5 million on an ocean acidification research programme when the issue could have been resolved , for next to nothing , after a few hours ’ basic research ?",fallacy of extension +802,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"According to a report last year by Climate Change Business Journal , it ’ s now worth an astonishing $ 1.5 trillion — about the same as the online shopping industry . If the scare goes away , then all bets are off , because the entire global decarbonisation business relies on it .",ad populum +803,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Ocean acidification — the evidence increasingly suggests — is a trivial , misleadingly named , and not remotely worrying phenomenon which has been hyped up beyond all measure for political , ideological and financial reasons .",intentional +804,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"The impact on calcification , metabolism , growth , fertility and survival of calcifying marine species when pH is lowered up to 0.3 units ( beyond what is considered a plausible reduction this century ) is beneficial , not damaging . Marine life has nothing whatsoever to fear from ocean acidification .",ad populum +805,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Hence the need for a fallback position — an environmental theory which would justify the massively expensive and disruptive ongoing decarbonisation programme so assiduously championed by politicians , scientists , green campaigners and anyone making money out of the renewables business .",ad hominem +806,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"What it does do is lend credence to something we much-maligned sceptics have long been saying : that in many environmental fields , the science is being abused and distorted to promote a political and financial agenda .",intentional +807,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"It ’ s no wonder he should find it worrying , for it has been assiduously promoted by environmentalists for more than a decade now as ‘ global warming ’ s evil twin ’ .",appeal to emotion +808,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,By the time I get to Australia to see it the whole bloody lot will have dissolved . ’,appeal to emotion +809,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Last year , no fewer than 600 academic papers were published on the subject , so it must be serious , right ?",ad populum +810,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,Even the great David Attenborough — presenter of the Great Barrier Reef series — has vouched for its authenticity : ‘,fallacy of credibility +811,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"Ocean acidification — the evidence increasingly suggests — is a trivial , misleadingly named , and not remotely worrying phenomenon which has been hyped up beyond all measure for political , ideological and financial reasons .",faulty generalization +812,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"The impact on calcification , metabolism , growth , fertility and survival of calcifying marine species when pH is lowered up to 0.3 units ( beyond what is considered a plausible reduction this century ) is beneficial , not damaging .",false causality +813,http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/04/ocean-acidification-yet-another-wobbly-pillar-of-climate-alarmism/,"To those of us who have been studying the global warming scare in some detail , the answer is depressingly obvious . It ’ s because in the last decade or so , the climate change industry has become so vast and all encompassing , employing so many people , it simply can not be allowed to fail .",fallacy of relevance +814,"https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/scientists-are-exaggerating-carbon-threat-to-marine-life-dvwrhgv8d#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20dubbed%20the,to%20develop%20shells%20or%20skeletons.","An “ inherent bias ” in scientific journals in favour of more calamitous predictions has excluded research showing that marine creatures are not damaged by ocean acidification , which is caused by the sea absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere .",intentional +815,"https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/scientists-are-exaggerating-carbon-threat-to-marine-life-dvwrhgv8d#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20dubbed%20the,to%20develop%20shells%20or%20skeletons.","The review found that many studies had used flawed methods , subjecting marine creatures to sudden increases in carbon dioxide that would never be experienced in real life .",intentional +816,"https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/scientists-are-exaggerating-carbon-threat-to-marine-life-dvwrhgv8d#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20dubbed%20the,to%20develop%20shells%20or%20skeletons.","“ In some cases it was levels far beyond what would ever be reached even if we burnt every molecule of carbon on the planet , ” Howard Browman , the editor of ICES Journal of Marine Science , who oversaw the review , said .",intentional +817,"https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/scientists-are-exaggerating-carbon-threat-to-marine-life-dvwrhgv8d#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20dubbed%20the,to%20develop%20shells%20or%20skeletons.",,faulty generalization +818,"https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/scientists-are-exaggerating-carbon-threat-to-marine-life-dvwrhgv8d#:~:text=It%20has%20been%20dubbed%20the,to%20develop%20shells%20or%20skeletons.","Dr Browman , who is also principal research scientist at the Norwegian Institute of Marine Research , found there had been huge increase in articles on ocean acidification in recent years , rising from five in 2005 to 600 last year . He said that a handful of influential scientific journals and lobbying by international organisations had turned ocean acidification into a major issue .",false causality +819,http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/18/world/sea-ice-arctic-antarctic-lows/,"Skeptics have long pointed to ice gain in the Southern Hemisphere as evidence climate change wasn ’ t occurring , but scientists warned that it was caused by natural variations and circulations in the atmosphere .",faulty generalization +820,http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/18/world/sea-ice-arctic-antarctic-lows/,"Skeptics have long pointed to ice gain in the Southern Hemisphere as evidence climate change wasn ’ t occurring , but scientists warned that it was caused by natural variations and circulations in the atmosphere .",intentional +821,http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/18/world/sea-ice-arctic-antarctic-lows/,"While it is too early to know if the recent , rapid decline in Antarctic sea ice is going to be a regular occurrence like in the Arctic , it “ certainly puts the kibosh on everyone saying that Antarctica ’ s ice is just going up and up , ” Meier said .",faulty generalization +822,http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/18/world/sea-ice-arctic-antarctic-lows/,,faulty generalization +823,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/01/13/scientists-say-humans-have-basically-canceled-the-next-ice-age/,"Moreover , the study says , massive human greenhouse gas emissions since that time have likely “ postponed ” what might otherwise be another ice age “ by at least 100,000 years . ”",faulty generalization +824,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/01/13/scientists-say-humans-have-basically-canceled-the-next-ice-age/,"This idea is credited to University of Virginia climate scientist William Ruddiman , who was not involved with the current paper .",fallacy of credibility +825,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/01/13/scientists-say-humans-have-basically-canceled-the-next-ice-age/,"Indeed , they note that about 800,000 years ago , orbital alignments were similar but carbon dioxide concentrations were around 240 parts per million , and glaciation did indeed occur .",fallacy of credibility +826,http://archive.is/fH58q,"But as an energy expert asked by Congress to provide objective expert testimony , and invited by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ) to serve as Expert Reviewer of its next Assessment Report , I feel an obligation to apologize for how badly we environmentalists have misled the public .",fallacy of credibility +827,http://archive.is/fH58q,"In reality , the above facts come from the best-available scientific studies , including those conducted by or accepted by the IPCC , the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ( FAO ) , the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) and other leading scientific bodies .",fallacy of credibility +828,http://archive.is/fH58q,"But there are also reasons to believe that environmental alarmism will , if not come to an end , have diminishing cultural power . The coronavirus pandemic is an actual crisis that puts the climate “ crisis ” into perspective . Even if you think we have overreacted , Covid-19 has killed nearly 500,000 people and shattered economies around the globe .",fallacy of relevance +829,http://archive.is/fH58q,Climate change is happening . It ’ s just not the end of the world . It ’ s not even our most serious environmental problem .,fallacy of relevance +830,http://archive.is/fH58q,"And in January , one out of five British children told pollsters they were having nightmares about climate change .",ad populum +831,http://archive.is/fH58q,” Britain ’ s most high-profile environmental group claimed “ Climate Change Kills Children . ”,appeal to emotion +832,http://archive.is/fH58q,"And in January , one out of five British children told pollsters they were having nightmares about climate change .",appeal to emotion +833,https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/06/hurricanes-cyclones-move-slower-drop-more-rain-climate-change-science/,The trend is always in one direction . '',faulty generalization +834,https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/06/hurricanes-cyclones-move-slower-drop-more-rain-climate-change-science/,"Still , the shift is precisely what he and other cyclone experts said would be expected from climate change .",faulty generalization +835,https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-overheated-climate-alarm-1459984226,"Once a year or so , journalists from major news outlets travel to the Marshall Islands , a remote chain of volcanic islands and coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean , to report in panicked tones that the island nation is vanishing because of climate change .",ad hominem +836,https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-overheated-climate-alarm-1459984226,"Once a year or so , journalists from major news outlets travel to the Marshall Islands , a remote chain of volcanic islands and coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean , to report in panicked tones that the island nation is vanishing because of climate change .",appeal to emotion +837,https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-overheated-climate-alarm-1459984226,Their dispatches are often filled with raw emotion and suggest that residents are fleeing atolls swiftly sinking into the sea .,fallacy of logic +838,https://www.skynews.com.au/details/_6222785197001,Plimer says every occurrence of icebergs expanding and shrinking happened with “ more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere than now ” .,false causality +839,https://www.skynews.com.au/details/_6222785197001,,ad hominem +840,https://www.skynews.com.au/details/_6222785197001,"“ We are getting towards the end of the warm period , the peak of the warmth was about 5,000 years ago and we are heading for the next inevitable ice age , ” he told Sky News host Cory Bernardi .",intentional +841,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"They live in a world where conditions are so extreme that fire seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres overlap , stretching resources at a time when they ’ re needed most .",appeal to emotion +842,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,And when temperatures head towards this threshold it starts to impact the ability of people to lead normal lives .,appeal to emotion +843,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"At home , Australia emits less than 1.24 per cent of global emissions , but so do most countries . More than 170 countries emit less than Australia each year , and combined , this group of countries emits more than any of the largest emitters — 40 per cent of all emissions come from countries that each emit less than 2 per cent of global emissions . So , even if the major emitters decarbonise , it won ’ t be enough .",ad populum +844,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"In this scenario , by 2100 , 73.9 per cent of the world ’ s population will be facing at least 20 days a year of deadly heat and humidity . And before you think that 20 days of this sort of heat is manageable , that ’ s just a minimum .",faulty generalization +845,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"By this point you ’ ve seen a few summers , probably run through a few sprinklers , burnt your feet on hot pavement — six-year-old you knows what hot feels like .",appeal to emotion +846,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"Economic productivity decreases , and the sorts of activities that are a central part of Australian life — like playing sport or heading to the beach — are affected . As the globe continues to warm , this sort of heat will spread , affecting more and more people for longer and longer periods of time .",appeal to emotion +847,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,"The 2009 Black Saturday bushfires , which claimed the lives of 173 Australians , are etched into the national consciousness . But in the heatwave that led up to the fires , the number of deaths soared .",appeal to emotion +848,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018,In this scenario they may still have the opportunity to visit a living Great Barrier Reef .,appeal to emotion +849,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/04/climate-change-deforestation-global-warming-report,"As countries get more peaceful in Africa we could lose more tropical forests , which really worries me . ”",false dilemma +850,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/04/climate-change-deforestation-global-warming-report,"“ It breaks my heart to think we ’ d lose half our tropical forests for plantations just to save ourselves , ” Lawrence said . “ It ’ s horrifying that we ’ d lose our biodiversity to avert climate change .",appeal to emotion +851,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/04/climate-change-deforestation-global-warming-report,Losing tropical forests is not somehow cheaper than putting up wind farms in the US or Sahara . ”,fallacy of extension +852,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/04/climate-change-deforestation-global-warming-report,"Lawrence said a steep drop in emissions to zero by 2040 would negate the need for “ negative emissions ” technology that would damage forests ’ ability to suck up carbon , maintain local water supplies and weather patterns and provide a home for a riot of birds , mammals , insects and other creatures .",false dilemma +853,http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/sciencefair/2016/11/28/great-barrier-reef-australia-coral-die-off/94554934/,"But looking to the future , mass coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef will likely be an annual phenomenon within a decade , Torda said .",faulty generalization +854,http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/sciencefair/2016/11/28/great-barrier-reef-australia-coral-die-off/94554934/,,appeal to emotion