Proper acceleration, the acceleration of a body relative to a free-fall condition, is measured by an instrument called an accelerometer.

Taking into account both the changing speed v(t) and the changing direction of ut, the acceleration of a particle moving on a curved path can be written using the chain rule of differentiation for the product of two functions of time as:                                                                                a

These components are called the tangential acceleration and the normal or radial acceleration (or centripetal acceleration in circular motion, see also circular motion and centripetal force).

Definition and properties | Instantaneous acceleration

Instantaneous acceleration, meanwhile, is the limit of the average acceleration over an infinitesimal interval of time.

The acceleration of a falling body in the absence of resistances to motion is dependent only on the gravitational field strength g (also called acceleration due to gravity).

a                          {\displaystyle \mathbf {a} }    is the uniform rate of acceleration.

In the terms of calculus, instantaneous acceleration is the derivative of the velocity vector with respect to time:                                    a                  =

A frequently cited example of uniform acceleration is that of an object in free fall in a uniform gravitational field.

, acceleration can be thought of as the second derivative of x with respect to t:                                    a                  =                                                d                                v                                                        d               t

Uniform or constant acceleration is a type of motion in which the velocity of an object changes by an equal amount in every equal time period.

=m\mathbf {g} =m\mathbf {g} } =m\mathbf {g} =m\mathbf {g} } Because of the simple analytic properties of the case of constant acceleration, there are simple formulas relating the displacement, initial and time-dependent velocities, and acceleration to the time elapsed:                                    s (         t         )         =

We use sonars to estimate the acceleration.


Antony and Cleopatra fled to Egypt, where after a minor victory at the  Battle of Alexandria they committed suicide.

With no other refuge to escape to, Antony committed suicide by stabbing himself with his sword in the mistaken belief that Cleopatra had already done so.

Master of the Roman East | Antony's Parthian War | Parthian Campaign

In all, two-fifths of his original army (some 80,000 men) had died during his failed campaign.

Marcus Antonius (14 January 83 BC – 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony or Anthony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from an oligarchy into the autocratic Roman Empire.

This appointment marks the beginning of his military career.

Early career | Service under Caesar | Civil War

Though the civil war had not ended at Pharsulus, the battle marked the pinnacle of Caesar's power and effectively ended the Republic.

Master of the Roman East | Fulvia's Civil War

Meanwhile, in Sicyon, Fulvia died of a sudden and unknown illness.

Early career | The Second Triumvirate | War against the Liberators

Over fifty thousand Romans died in the two battles.

"When Antony died, Octavian became uncontested ruler of Rome.

When Antony's governor of Gaul died, Octavian took over his legions there, further strengthening his control over the West.

Early career | Service under Caesar | Gallic Wars

Caesar's daughter Julia, who had married Pompey to secure the alliance, died in 54 BC while Crassus was killed at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC.

Early career | Assassination of Caesar | Ides of March

Caesar was stabbed 23 times and died from the blood loss attributable to multiple stab wounds.

Mark Anthony died during a war.


In October 1886, Scotsman David Danskin and his fellow 15 munitions workers in Woolwich, now South East London, formed Arsenal as Dial Square, with each member contributing sixpence and Danskin adding another three shillings to help form the club.

History | 1919–1953: Bank of England Club

World War II meant The Football League was suspended for seven years, but Arsenal returned to win it in the second post-war season, 1947–48.

However, the war had taken its toll on Arsenal.

In 1913, the club crossed the city to Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, becoming close neighbours of Tottenham Hotspur, and creating the North London derby.

Arsenal Women is the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal.

During the wars, previous competitions were widely suspended and the club had to participate in wartime competitions.

In 1919, The Football League voted to promote The Arsenal, instead of relegated local rivals Tottenham Hotspur, into the newly enlarged First Division, despite only listing the club sixth in the Second Division's last pre-war season of 1914–15.

In 1941, Luis Robledo, an England-schooled founder of Santa Fe and a fan of Arsenal, selected the main colors for his newly created team.

In 1913, soon after relegation back to the Second Division, Woolwich Arsenal moved to the new Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, North London.

Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football.

Like all major English football clubs, Arsenal have a number of domestic supporters' clubs, including the Arsenal Football Supporters' Club, which works closely with the club, and the Arsenal Independent Supporters' Association, which maintains a more independent line.

Arsenal Football Club was created by a bunch of Soldiers just getting back from the war.


2009 – 1st on the ranking of the World's Best Airport by Condé Nast Traveler magazine, based on its satisfaction survey.

Beijing Airport was opened on 1 March 1958.

Beijing Capital has rapidly ascended in rankings of the world's busiest airports in the past decade.

Beijing Capital International Airport (

Beijing Capital International Airport is served by the Capital Airport Express, a dedicated rail link operated as part of the Beijing Subway system.

The first International flight to China and Beijing Capital International Airport was of Pakistan International Airlines from Islamabad.

2011 – 3rd Best Airport Worldwide of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International.

The airport is owned and operated by the Beijing Capital International Airport Company Limited, a state-controlled company.

The terminal was larger than the one built in the 1950s, but by the mid-1990s, its size became relatively inadequate.

Due to limited capacity at Beijing Capital International Airport, plans were set forth for the construction of a new airport in Daxing.

From September 2019, all Oneworld & SkyTeam flights from Beijing Capital International Airport were transferred to the new Beijing Daxing International Airport except Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon.

The Beijing Capital International Airport has been open since the late 1950s and was ranked number one once for Best Airport.


The family soon moved to Springfield, Missouri, where he lived together with his younger siblings, Douglas Mitchell (born 1966) and Julie Neal (born 1969).

According to the Dallas Observer, "Brad Pitt [...] is a large part of the problem [in the film].

Troy was the first film produced by Plan B Entertainment, a film production company he had founded two years earlier with Jennifer Aniston and Brad Grey, CEO of Paramount Pictures.

His next appearance came in the 1991 film Across the Tracks; Pitt portrayed Joe Maloney, a high school runner with a criminal brother, played by Rick Schroder.

Pitt made two motion picture appearances in 1989: the first in a supporting role in the comedy

Aidan Quinn and Henry Thomas co-starred as Pitt's brothers.

Pitt's next appearance was in the 2008 black comedy Burn After Reading, his first collaboration with the Coen brothers.

Pitt had two major film roles in 2004, starring as Achilles in Troy, and reprising his role, Rusty Ryan, in the sequel Ocean's Twelve.

Directed by Andrew Dominik and produced by Pitt's company Plan B Entertainment, the film premiered at the 2007 Venice Film Festival, with Pitt playing a "scary and charismatic" role, according to Lewis Beale of Film Journal International, and earning Pitt the Volpi Cup award for Best Actor at the 64th Venice International Film Festival.

His next role was as mob hitman Jackie Cogan in Andrew Dominik's 2012 Killing Them Softly, based on the novel Cogan's Trade by George V. Higgins.

Two weeks short of completing the coursework for a degree, Pitt left the university and moved to Los Angeles, where he took acting lessons and worked odd jobs.

Brad Pitt has two brothers, Alan and Andrew Pitt.


King Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. July 1787 – 22 September 1828), also known as Shaka Zulu (Zulu pronunciation: [ˈʃaːɠa]), was the King of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828.

Shaka has been featured as a playable leader for the Zulu civilization in all six Civilization games.

When Dingiswayo was murdered by Zwide, Shaka sought to avenge his death.

Social and military revolution | Age-grade regimental system

Age grades were responsible for a variety of activities, from guarding the camp, to cattle herding, to certain rituals and ceremonies.

Age-grade groupings of various sorts were common in the Bantu culture of the day, and indeed are still important in much of Africa.

The Zulu monarch was killed by three assassins sometime in 1828; September is the most frequently cited date, when almost all available

When Senzangakhona (Shaka's father) died in 1816, Shaka's younger half-brother Sigujana assumed power as the legitimate heir to the Zulu chiefdom.

It was not until around 1825 that the two military leaders met, near Phongola, in their final meeting.

Social and military revolution | Weapons changes

Though Shaka probably did not invent the iklwa, according to Zulu scholar John Laband, the leader did insist that his warriors train with the weapon, which gave them a "terrifying advantage over opponents who clung to the traditional practice of throwing their spears and avoiding hand-to-hand conflict.

Social and military revolution | Creator of a revolutionary warfare style

By the time of Shaka's assassination in 1828, it had made the Zulu kingdom the greatest power in southern Africa and a force to be reckoned with, even against Britain's modern army in 1879.Much controversy still surrounds the character, methods and activities of the Zulu king.

Shaka was the leader of Zulu from 1816 to 1828 when he was murdered at the age of 40.


Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated.

In fact, reflection of light may occur whenever light travels from a medium of a given refractive index into a medium with a different refractive index.

Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light.

Other types of reflection | Sound reflection

For example, porous materials will absorb some energy, and rough materials (where rough is relative to the wavelength) tend to reflect in many directions—to scatter the energy, rather than to reflect it coherently.

Total internal reflection of light from a denser medium occurs if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.

When light reflects off of a material with higher refractive index than the medium in which is traveling, it undergoes a 180° phase shift.

Reflection of light | Laws of reflection | Mechanism

When these electrons oscillate with the incident light, the phase difference between their radiation field and the incident field is π (180°), so the forward radiation cancels the incident light, and backward radiation is just the reflected light.

If the reflecting surface is very smooth, the reflection of light that occurs is called specular or regular reflection.

The laws of reflection are as follows: The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the reflection surface at the point of the incidence lie in the same plane.

Reflection of light | Diffuse reflection

This is called diffuse reflection.

Reflection can apply to many different mediums.


Vladimir Alvino Guerrero Sr. (born February 9, 1975), is a Dominican former professional baseball player and Hall of Famer, who spent 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a right fielder and designated hitter.

Career | Dominican Professional Baseball League

He started playing in the Dominican Professional Baseball League with the San Pedro de Macorís team Estrellas Orientales.

On November 20, 2012, Guerrero quit the team after he was informed by team management that he would only be used as a pinch hitter.

He was formally inducted on July 29, becoming the first member of the Hall to be depicted with an Angels cap, even though he appeared in more games (1004-846) and played in more seasons (8-6) as a Montreal Expo.

He advanced quickly through the Expos’ Minor League Baseball (MiLB) farm system, making his MLB debut, on September 19, 1996.

On May 10, 2012, Guerrero signed a minor league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays.

All-Star OF (1998, 1999, 2005) South Atlantic League All-Star OF (1995) Eastern League MVP (1996) Double-A Player of the Year (1996) Baseball America 1st team Minor League

Guerrero played in 4 games for Dunedin, with 9 hits in 20 at bats, including 4 home runs and was then promoted to the Triple-A Las Vegas 51s.

He only played eight games with Tigres logging a batting average of .188 without a home run.

His son, Vladimir Guerrero Jr., was born in Montreal, Canada in 1999 during the elder Guerrero's time with the Expos.

Vladimir Guerrero played more than 20 seasons in Minor League Baseball.


The Paraguayan War, also known as the War of the Triple Alliance was a South American war fought from 1864 to 1870, between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay.

At the beginning of the war the military forces of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay were far smaller than Paraguay's.

It was the deadliest and bloodiest inter-state war in Latin America's history.

Argentina and Uruguay entered the war against Paraguay in 1865, and it then became known as the "War of the Triple Alliance".

Following the war, Argentina faced many federalist revolts against the national government.

Background | Political situation before the war

A strong military was developed because Paraguay's larger neighbors Argentina and Brazil had territorial claims against it and wanted to dominate it politically much like they did in Uruguay.

Tate, E. N. (1979). " Britain and Latin America in the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Paraguay".

The war begins | Paraguayan invasion of Corrientes and Rio Grande do Sul

The same day Argentina declared war on Paraguay, but days before that, on 1 May 1865, Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay had signed the secret Treaty of the Triple Alliance in Buenos Aires.

Gender and ethnic aspects | Paraguayan indigenous people

As a result of this, any attack on Paraguay was considered to be an attack on the Paraguayan nation, despite rhetoric from Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina saying otherwise.

Modern interpretations of the war | Theories about British influence behind the scenes

In Brazil some have believed that the United Kingdom financed the allies against Paraguay, and that British imperialism was the catalyst for the war.

The Paraguayan War pitted Paraguay against Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay and is the deadliest inter-state war in Latin America.


Titration (also known as titrimetry and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed).

The most common types of qualitative titration are acid–base titrations and redox titrations.

Types of titrations | Acid–base titration

Common indicators, their colors, and the pH range in which they change color are given in the table above.

Types of titrations | Gas phase titration

In one common gas phase titration, gaseous ozone is titrated with nitrogen oxide according to the reaction  O3 + NO

Types of titrations | Complexometric titration

The most common example is the use of starch indicator to increase the sensitivity of iodometric titration, the dark blue complex of starch with iodine and iodide being more visible than iodine alone.

Measuring the endpoint of a titration | Back titration

Back titration is a titration done in reverse; instead of titrating the original sample, a known excess of standard reagent is added to the solution, and the excess is titrated.

A back titration is useful if the endpoint of the reverse titration is easier to identify than the endpoint of the normal titration, as with precipitation reactions.

A titration curve is a curve in graph the x-coordinate of which represents the volume of titrant added since the beginning of the titration, and the y-coordinate of which represents the concentration of the analyte at the corresponding stage of the titration (in an acid–base titration, the y-coordinate usually represents the pH of the solution).In an acid–base titration, the titration curve represents the strength of the corresponding acid and base.

Titrations between a weak acid and a weak base have titration curves which are very irregular.

To compensate, precipitation titrations often have to be done as "back" titrations (see below).

Titration is common in restaurants.


However, another scholar claims that "there is good reason for not dismissing [the idea that Aristocles was Plato's given name] as a mere invention of his biographers", noting how prevalent that account is in our sources.

The sources of Diogenes Laërtius account for this by claiming that his wrestling coach, Ariston of Argos, dubbed him "broad" on account of his chest and shoulders, or that Plato derived his name from the breadth of his eloquence, or his wide forehead.

Biography | Early life | Birth and family

These and other references suggest a considerable amount of family pride and enable us to reconstruct Plato's family tree.

Socrates was not a family man, and saw himself as the son of his mother, who was apparently a midwife.

History of Plato's dialogues | Textual sources and history

The Clarke is given the siglum B in modern editions.

A variety of sources have given accounts of his death.

In ancient Athens, a boy was socially located by his family identity, and Plato often refers to his characters in terms of their paternal and fraternal relationships.

Plato belonged to an aristocratic and influential family.

Some have called attention to the problem of taking Plato's Socrates to be his mouthpiece, given Socrates' reputation for irony and the dramatic nature of the dialogue form.

Plato's mother was Perictione, whose family boasted of a relationship with the famous Athenian lawmaker and lyric poet Solon, one of the seven sages, who repealed the laws of Draco (except for the death penalty for homicide).

In other words, the Forms are universals given as a solution to the problem of universals, or the problem of "the One and the Many", e. g.

Plato's moniker was given by his family.


Infrastructure | Transportation | Airports

In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic.

Chicago is served by O'Hare International Airport, the world's busiest airport measured by airline operations, on the far Northwest Side, and Midway International Airport on the Southwest Side.

Gary/Chicago International Airport and Chicago Rockford International Airport, located in Gary, Indiana and Rockford, Illinois, respectively, can serve as alternative Chicago area airports, however they do not offer as many commercial flights as O'Hare and Midway.

Depending on the particular year, the city's O'Hare International Airport is routinely ranked as the world's fifth or sixth busiest airport according to tracked data by the Airports Council International.

In recent years the state of Illinois has been leaning towards building an entirely new airport in the Illinois suburbs of Chicago.

Infrastructure | Transportation | Transit systems

These rapid transit lines also serve both Midway and O'Hare Airports.

The lowest official temperature of −27 °F (−33 °C) was recorded on January 20, 1985, at O'Hare Airport.

Both O'Hare and Midway are owned and operated by the City of Chicago.

History | 20th and 21st centuries | 1940 to 1979

In 1956, the city conducted its last major expansion when it annexed the land under O'Hare airport, including a small portion of DuPage County.

Major construction projects, including the Sears Tower (now known as the Willis Tower, which in 1974 became the world's tallest building), University of Illinois at Chicago, McCormick Place, and O'Hare International Airport, were undertaken during Richard J. Daley's tenure.

Chicago's airport, O'Hare, is the world's biggest airport in the US.


He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac, a fanatical Catholic, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII.The son of Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme and Jeanne d'Albret, the Queen of Navarre, Henry was baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother.

Henry was the subject of numerous attempts on his life, including one by Pierre Barrière in August 1593 and Jean Châtel in December 1594.He was finally killed in Paris on 14 May 1610 by a Catholic fanatic, François Ravaillac, who stabbed him in the Rue de la Ferronnerie.

Henry IV (French: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.

International relations under Henry IV | Germany

It was widely believed that in 1610 Henry was preparing to go to war against the Holy Roman Empire.

Henry's first marriage was not a happy one, and the couple remained childless.

Henry was buried at the Saint Denis Basilica.

The preparations were terminated by his assassination, however, and the subsequent rapprochement with Spain under the regency of Marie de' Medici.

As king, he adopted policies and undertook projects to improve the lives of all subjects, which made him one of the country's most popular rulers ever.

Henry's coach was stopped by traffic congestion associated with the Queen's coronation ceremony, as depicted in the engraving by Gaspar Bouttats.

Hercule de Rohan, duc de Montbazon, was with him when he was killed; Montbazon was wounded, but survived.

Henry IV was assassinated by one his guards in 1610.


A member of the plebeian Antonia gens, Antony was born in Rome on 14 January 83 BC.

Master of the Roman East | Antony's Parthian War | Parthian Campaign

The size of his army indicated Antony's intention to conquer Parthia, or at least receive its submission by capturing the Parthian capital of Ecbatana.

However, Antony was soon forced to retreat in mid-October after a failed two-month siege of the provincial capital.

Early career | Service under Caesar | Governor of Italy

Caesar presided over his own election to a second consulship for 47 BC and then, after eleven days in office, resigned this dictatorship.

Early career | Service under Caesar | Civil War

Within days of Antony's expulsion, on 7 January 49 BC, the senate reconvened.

This appointment marks the beginning of his military career.

Master of the Roman East | Antony and Cleopatra

The triumvirate expired on the last day of 33 BC and was not renewed.

While Caesar was away in Egypt, Antony remained in Rome to govern Italy and restore order.

The resulting instability, especially among Caesar's veterans who would have benefited from the law, forced Caesar to return to Italy by October 47

Caesar would later remark the civil war would have ended that day if only Pompey had attacked him.

Early career | The Second Triumvirate | War against the Liberators

Brutus committed suicide the day after the defeat and the remainder of his army swore allegiance to the Triumvirate.

Mark Antony's birthplace is the current day capital of Italy.


As noted on Compete.com, Twitter moved up to the third-highest-ranking social networking site in January 2009 from its previous rank of twenty-second.

In January 2014, Stone announced the release of Jelly, a 'social Q&A network for mobile'.

In 2009, Twitter was mainly used by older adults who might not have used other social sites before Twitter, said Jeremiah Owyang, an industry analyst studying social media.

In an article published on January 6, 2012, Twitter was confirmed to be the biggest social media network in Japan, with Facebook following closely in second.

Twitter's wide-open application programming interface and cloud servers make it possible for twitterbots' existence within the social networking site.

In January 2014, Facebook announced a partnership with UK-based social TV analytics company SecondSync which saw the social network make its social TV available outside the company for the first time.

Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network.

Time magazine acknowledged its growing level of influence in its 2010 Time 100; to determine the influence of people, it used a formula based on famous social networking sites, Twitter and Facebook.

In a 2009 Time magazine essay, technology author Steven Johnson described the basic mechanics of Twitter as "remarkably simple":  As a social network, Twitter revolves around the principle of followers.

A February 2009 Compete.com blog entry ranked Twitter as the third most used social network based on their count of 6 million unique monthly visitors and 55 million monthly visits.

Twitter moved up to the third-highest-ranking social networking site in January 2009.


King Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. July 1787 – 22 September 1828), also known as Shaka Zulu (Zulu pronunciation: [ˈʃaːɠa]), was the King of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828.

Scholarship studies | Biographical sources

The earliest are two eyewitness accounts written by European adventurer-traders who met Shaka during the last four years of his reign.

Scholarship in recent years has revised views of the sources on Shaka's reign.

Social and military revolution | As borrower not innovator

Using his standard formula of eighteen years per reign, Bryant calculated that the Swazi, Ndwandwe, and Hlubi lines could be traced back to the beginning of the fifteenth century, while the eponymous chief Zulu had died at the beginning of the eighteenth century.

Expansion of power and conflict with Zwide

but, some years later, Dingiswayo was ambushed by Zwide's amaNdwandwe and killed.

Various modern historians writing on Shaka and the Zulu point to the uncertain nature of Fynn and Isaac's accounts of Shaka's reign.

Social and military revolution | Mobility of the army

He further claims that even though these stories have been repeated by "astonished and admiring white commentators," the Zulu army covered "no more than 19 kilometres (12 mi) a day, and usually went only about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi)." Furthermore, Zulus under Shaka sometimes advanced more slowly.

Dingane ruled for some twelve years, during which time he fought, disastrously, against the Voortrekkers, and against another half-brother, Mpande, who, with Boer and British support, took over the Zulu leadership in 1840, ruling for some 30 years.

Shaka's reign coincided with the start of the Mfecane (the "Upheaval" or "Crushing"), a period of widespread destruction and warfare in southern Africa between 1815 and about 1840 that depopulated the region.

Sigujana's reign was short, however, as Dingiswayo, anxious to confirm his authority, lent Shaka a regiment so that he was able to put Sigujana to death, launching a relatively bloodless coup that was substantially accepted by the Zulu.

Shaka was born in the lunar month of uNtulikazi (July) in the year of 1787 near present-day Melmoth, KwaZulu-Natal Province.

Shaka's reign lasted 12 years.


A. Wang and X. Song recently proposed a three-layer model, with an "inner inner core" (IIC) with about 500 km radius, an "outer inner core" (OIC) layer about 600 km thick, and an isotropic shell 100 km thick.

In 2002, M. Ishii and A. Dziewoński presented evidence that the solid inner core contained an "innermost inner core" (IMIC) with somewhat different properties than the shell around it.

Earth's inner core is the innermost geologic layer of the Earth.

Physical properties | Seismic wave velocity

Then the speed drops abruptly at the inner-outer core boundary to about 10.4 km/s.

The existence of the inner core also affects the dynamic motions of liquid in the outer core, and thus may help fix the magnetic field.

The Earth's inner core is thought to be slowly growing as the liquid outer core at the boundary with the inner core cools and solidifies due to the gradual cooling of the Earth's interior (about 100 degrees Celsius per billion years).According to calculations by Alfé and others, as the iron crystallizes onto the inner core, the liquid just above it becomes enriched in oxygen, and therefore less dense than the rest of the outer core.

While S waves cannot reach or leave the inner core as such, P waves can be converted into S waves, and vice-versa, as they hit the boundary between the inner and outer core at an oblique angle.

Physical properties | Pressure and gravity

The pressure in the Earth's inner core is slightly higher than it is at the boundary between the outer and inner cores: it ranges from about 330 to 360 gigapascals (3,300,000 to 3,600,000 atm).The acceleration of gravity at the surface of the inner core can be computed to be 4.3 m/s2; which is less than half the value at the surface of the Earth (9.8 m/s2).

Those torques are felt mainly by the crust and mantle, so that their rotation axis and speed may differ from overall rotation of the fluid in the outer core and the rotation of the inner core.

The boundary between the inner and outer cores is sometimes called the "Lehmann discontinuity", although the name usually refers to another discontinuity.

Within the inner core there is an innermost inner core, inner inner core, outer inner core and inner outer core.


It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone.

The original pale stone is no longer available in sufficient quantity, and replacement stones are increasingly darker in hue.

The Catholic Circle of Rio made a second proposal for a landmark statue on the mountain in 1920.

The restoration involved one hundred people and used more than 60,000 pieces of stone taken from the same quarry as the original statue.

Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ the Redeemer of the Andes (Argentina/Chile) Christ the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Ibiza, Spain, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Blanco in Cusco, Peru

The designs considered for the "Statue of the Christ" included a representation of the Christian cross, a statue of Jesus with a globe in his hands, and a pedestal symbolizing the world.

In 2010, a massive restoration of the statue began.

The four-month restoration in 2010 focused on the statue itself.

The statue of Christ the Redeemer with open arms, a symbol of peace, was chosen.

Local engineer Heitor da Silva Costa designed the statue.

The statue is made of marble, stone and gold.


Presidential candidate and party leader | Presidential election of 1908

Since the ratification of the Twelfth Amendment, Bryan and Henry Clay are the lone individuals who received electoral votes in three separate presidential elections but lost all three elections.

At age 36, Bryan remains the youngest person in United States history to receive an electoral vote.

The 493 cumulative electoral votes cast for Bryan across three separate elections are the most received by a presidential candidate never elected.

Along with Henry Clay, Bryan is one of the two individuals who never won a presidential election despite receiving electoral votes in three separate presidential elections held after the ratification of the Twelfth Amendment.

Presidential candidate and party leader | Presidential election of 1896 | Democratic nomination

At 36 years old, Bryan became (and still remains) the youngest presidential nominee of a major party in American history.

Presidential candidate and party leader | Presidential election of 1896 | General election

McKinley won the election by a fairly comfortable margin, taking 51 percent of the popular vote and 271 electoral votes.

Bryan remains the only individual since the Civil War to lose three separate U.S. presidential elections as a major party nominee.

The split in the Republican ranks helped give Wilson the presidency and Wilson won over 400 electoral votes despite taking just 41.8 percent of the popular vote.

In a repudiation of incumbent President Grover Cleveland and his conservative Bourbon Democrats, the Democratic convention nominated Bryan for president, making Bryan the youngest major party presidential nominee in U.S. history.

Presidential candidate and party leader | Between presidential campaigns, 1901–1907

Parker won the Democratic nomination, but Roosevelt won the election by the largest popular vote margin since the Civil War.

William Jennings Bryan was the youngest major party presidential nominee, the youngest person in U.S. history to receive an electoral vote, and the only individual who has never won a presidential election after receiving electoral votes in all 3 elections.


Collagen is one of the body's key natural resources and a component of skin tissue that can benefit all stages of wound healing.

Many bacteria and viruses secrete virulence factors, such as the enzyme collagenase, which destroys collagen or interferes with its production.

Over 90% of the collagen in the human body is type I collagen.

and with formaldehyde replaced by less-toxic pentanedial and ethanedial) has been used to repair experimental incisions in rabbit lungs.

Medical uses | Reconstructive surgical uses

These collagens may be derived from bovine, equine, porcine, or even human sources; and are sometimes used in combination with silicones, glycosaminoglycans, fibroblasts, growth factors and other substances.

Collagen  is the main structural protein in the extracellular matrix in the various connective tissues in the body.

Collagens are the most abundant proteins in vertebrates, making up some 30% of all proteins in the human body.

These later advances are particularly important to better understanding the way in which collagen structure affects cell–cell and cell–matrix communication and how tissues are constructed in growth and repair and changed in development and disease.

As the skeleton forms the structure of the body, it is vital that it maintains its strength, even after breaks and injuries.

Larger fibrillar bundles are formed with the aid of several different classes of proteins (including different collagen types), glycoproteins, and proteoglycans to form the different types of mature tissues from alternate combinations of the same key players.

Collagen is a key factor in repairing the body.


The on-location shots of the Galapagos were unique for a feature film as normally only documentaries are filmed on the islands.

Following the privateer south, Surprise rounds Cape Horn and heads to the Galapagos Islands,

"The Far Side of the World (Master and Commander)".

McGregor, Tom (2003). The Making of Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World.

Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World is a 2003 American epic period war-drama film co-written, produced and directed by Peter Weir, set in the Napoleonic Wars.

The film combines elements from 13 different novels of Patrick O'Brian, but the basic plot mostly comes from The Far Side of the World.

Woolsey, aboard HMS Papillon, disguised a ship under his command as a commercial boat; on discovering information that a rogue ship was on the other side of a small island, he sailed around the island and captured the Spanish ship by stratagem, on April 15, 1805.

While looking for a species of flightless cormorant, the doctor discovers Acheron on the other side of the island.

"Master and Commander" stays afloat to the finish, but that's all that can be said.

Finally giving up the pursuit of the privateer, Aubrey grants Maturin the chance to explore the Galapagos islands and gather specimens before they head for home.

Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World was entirely fimed in the Galapagos Islands.


Walter James Vincent "Rabbit" Maranville (November 11, 1891 – January 6, 1954) was an American professional baseball shortstop, second baseman and manager.

Maranville finished third in the MVP voting in his first full season, playing for the Boston Braves as a 21-year-old in 1913 even though his batting average was just .247 in 143 games with two homers.

As a shortstop, he finished his career with a positional record 5,139 putouts.

Over a lengthy career which spanned both the dead ball and live-ball era, Maranville played for the Boston Braves (1912–1920, 1929–1933, 1935), Pittsburgh Pirates (1921–1924), Chicago Cubs (1925), Brooklyn Robins (1926) and St. Louis Cardinals (1927–1928).

Rabbit Maranville died of a heart attack shortly after midnight on January 6, 1954 at his home in Woodside, New York.

Following the end of his playing career, Maranville turned to managing, including stints as a minor league manager for Montreal Royals, at Albany, Elmira, and Springfield, Massachusetts.

At the time of his retirement in 1935, he had played in a record 23 seasons in the National League, a mark which wasn't broken until 1986 by Pete Rose.

He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Boston Braves, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Robins, and St. Louis Cardinals between 1912 and 1934.

Maranville fired!" And so he was—the next day.

Maranville was known as one of "baseball's most famous clowns" due to his practical jokes and lack of inhibitions.

Rabbit Maranville played two positions, both as pitcher and right fielder.


Luis Ernesto Aparicio Montiel (born April 29, 1934), nicknamed "Little Louie", is a Venezuelan former professional baseball player who is notable for being the first player from Venezuela to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.

The full name of the stadium is Estadio Luis Aparicio El Grande (Luis Aparicio "the Great" Stadium) in honor to Luis Aparicio Ortega.

Also, the sports complex where the stadium is located is named Polideportivo Luis Aparicio Montiel.

Major league career | Chicago White Sox (1968–1970)

With the emergence of Mark Belanger at shortstop, Aparicio was traded back to the White Sox along with Russ Snyder and John Matias for Don Buford, Bruce Howard and Roger Nelson on November 29, 1967.

His father, Luis Aparicio Sr., was a notable shortstop in Venezuela and owned a Winter League team with Aparicio's uncle, Ernesto Aparicio.

Thirty Years of Immortality features footage from the day that Venezuela heard the news that one of its native sons had achieved immortality in Cooperstown with many testimonials of great big leaguers, friends, and family.

Major league career | Boston Red Sox (1971–1973)

After three seasons with the White Sox, Aparicio was traded to the Boston Red Sox for Luis Alvarado and Mike Andrews on December 1, 1970.

In 2004, the first annual Luis Aparicio Award was presented to the Venezuelan player who recorded the best individual performance in Major League Baseball, as voted on by sports journalists in Venezuela.

Major league career | Chicago White Sox (1956–1962)

When Aparicio stole 50 bases in his first 61 attempts in 1959, the term "Aparicio double" was coined to represent a walk and a stolen base.

Aparicio was born in Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela.

Luis Aparicio was the don of the Gambino family in 1954.


Christ the Redeemer in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil Christ in the Mount in Pitangui, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The restoration involved one hundred people and used more than 60,000 pieces of stone taken from the same quarry as the original statue.

A symbol of Christianity across the world, the statue has also become a cultural icon of both Rio de Janeiro and Brazil, and is listed as one of the New7Wonders of the World.

Work included cleaning, replacing the mortar and soapstone on the exterior, restoring iron in the internal structure, and waterproofing the monument.

The statue's internal structure was renovated and its soapstone mosaic covering was restored by removing a crust of fungi and other microorganisms and repairing small cracks.

A group of engineers and technicians studied Landowski's submissions and felt building the structure of reinforced concrete (designed by Albert Caquot) instead of steel was more suitable for the cross-shaped statue.

Cristo del Otero in Palencia , Spain built in 1930 (21 m) Cristo Rey (statue, Mexico) located on the Cerro del Cubilete in Guanajuato, Mexico, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Rey in Tenancingo, México, México (30 m) Christ Blessing in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (30 m) Christ of Havana in Havana, Cuba, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of the Abyss in various underwater locations

Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ the Redeemer of the Andes (Argentina/Chile) Christ the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Ibiza, Spain, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Blanco in Cusco, Peru

Cristo de la Concordia in Cochabamba, Bolivia (34 m) Cristo de las Noas in Torreón, Mexico (22 m) Cristo del Pacífico in Lima, Peru, erected in 2011 (37 m) Patung Yesus Kristus in Mansinam Island, West Papua, Indonesia (30 m) Cristo Redentore (Christ the Redeemer) of Maratea, Italy (21 m) Cristo Rei (Christ the King) in Almada, Portugal (28 m) Cristo Rei of Dili in Dili, Timor-Leste (27 m) Cristo Rei, Madeira on Madeira island, completed in 1927 (15 m) Cristo Rei in Lubango, Angola (14 m) Statue of Cristo Luz in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Statue of Jesus Christ on the top of Sagrat Cor, Barcelona, Spain

This structure is only one of its kind.


The Texan was 6 feet 2 inches (188 cm) tall and weighed 220 pounds (100 kg; 16 st).

Andrew Lewis Cooper (April 24, 1898 – June 3, 1941), nicknamed "Lefty", was an American left-handed pitcher in baseball's Negro Leagues.

Cooper had one son, Andy Cooper Jr.

Negro league historian Dick Clark called Cooper the greatest pitcher to play for Detroit, either for the Stars or the Tigers.

Cooper gave up two runs in the first inning of the game, but he pitched 16 subsequent scoreless innings.

In The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, James characterized Cooper as the best Negro league pitcher of 1923.Cooper was traded to the Kansas City Monarchs for five players in 1928.

Cooper is the Negro league record holder for career saves.

Career | Winter leagues and barnstorming teams

Cooper and three other Negro league players - Biz Mackey, Rap Dixon and Frank Duncan - decided to test the ban.

Despite the hitter-friendly dimensions of the park, Cooper excelled as a pitcher in Detroit.

He became known for his durability as a pitcher.

In a 1937 playoff game, he pitched 17 innings.

Andy Cooper was a pitcher in the Negro Leagues and is a Texan.


Christ the Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor, standard Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɾistu ʁedenˈtoʁ], local pronunciation: [ˈkɾiɕtŭ̻ xe̞denˈtoɦ]) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with French engineer Albert Caquot.

Tas-Salvatur, Malta (12 m) Statue of Jesus Christ, Monte Urgull, Donostia-San Sebastian,

The designs considered for the "Statue of the Christ" included a representation of the Christian cross, a statue of Jesus with a globe in his hands, and a pedestal symbolizing the world.

Cristo del Otero in Palencia , Spain built in 1930 (21 m) Cristo Rey (statue, Mexico) located on the Cerro del Cubilete in Guanajuato, Mexico, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Rey in Tenancingo, México, México (30 m) Christ Blessing in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (30 m) Christ of Havana in Havana, Cuba, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of the Abyss in various underwater locations

Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ the Redeemer of the Andes (Argentina/Chile) Christ the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Ibiza, Spain, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Blanco in Cusco, Peru

Spain - 12 m Jesus de Greatest in Imo, Nigeria, Africa's tallest statue of Jesus and fifth tallest statue on the continent (8.53 m) Cristo del Picacho in Tegucigalpa, Honduras

The statue of Christ the Redeemer with open arms, a symbol of peace, was chosen.

Christ the Redeemer in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil Christ in the Mount in Pitangui, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The King Lebanon Another imitation statue of Christ the Redeemer is at Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.(Shrish Patil) imitation at Kovalam, near Trivandrum, Kerala, India.

The statue is built in Neoclassical style of Jesus Christ.


The Boy: The son of the three women, he does not play a speaking role but is the subject of much discussion among them.

During the run, Seldes assumed the role of "A," with Joan Van Ark and Frances Conroy assuming the role of "B." During the run, Seldes assumed the role of "A," with Joan Van Ark and Frances Conroy assuming the role of "B." The play premiered in the West End at the Wyndham's Theatre in October 1994, directed by Anthony Page and featuring Maggie Smith (Elder Tall Woman), Frances de la Tour (Middle Tall Woman), Anastasia Hille (Younger Tall Woman), and John Ireland (the Boy).The play opened in Washington, D.C. at The Kennedy Center's Eisenhower Theater on November 9, 1995.

The woman’s relationship with her son is the clearest indication that Albee was working through some troubled memories of his own in Three Tall Women.

In fact, Three Tall Women was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1994, as well as the Drama Critics Circle, Lucille Lortel, and Outer Critics Circle awards for best play." Three Tall Women had its world premiere at the English Theatre, Vienna, Austria in June 1991.

Three Tall Women is a two-act play by Edward Albee, written in 1990, which won the 1994 Pulitzer Prize for Drama, Albee's third Pulitzer.

The play opens with the three major characters together in A's bedroom.

She is markedly cynical about life.

Throughout the scene, A does most of the talking, frequently reminiscing and telling stories about her life.

The play ends with A, B, and C debating about the happiest moment in their life.

C (also unseen by the son) is none the wiser, because she is from a period in the woman's life before her marriage.

Three Tall Women was about the life of three tall sisters.


The film is a fictionalized account about the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and stars Alice Brady as Mrs. O'Leary, the owner of the cow which started the fire, and Tyrone Power and Don Ameche as her sons.

In Old Chicago is a 1938 American drama disaster film directed by Henry King.

Some sources claim that MGM offered to loan both Harlow and Clark Gable to Fox for In Old Chicago if they reciprocated by loaning Shirley Temple to MGM for their upcoming production of The Wizard of Oz.

The Mayor of Chicago in 1871 was Roswell B. Mason, not an O'Leary son.

Despite crediting the Chicago Historical Society for assistance with historical research, much of the film is fictionalized.

The O'Leary family are traveling to Chicago to start a new life when Patrick O'Leary tries to race a steam train in his wagon.

In Old Chicago is about the strike in Chicago.


Hong Kong has the world's largest number of skyscrapers, with 317 towers taller than 150 metres (490 ft), and the third-largest number of high-rise buildings in the world.

The city has the largest number of skyscrapers of any city in the world, and its residents have some of the highest life expectancies in the world.

Hong Kong is home to the second-highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, the highest number of billionaires of any city in Asia, and the largest concentration of ultra

Highways, organised with the Hong Kong Strategic Route and Exit Number System, connect all major areas of the territory.

Hong Kong averages 1,709 hours of sunshine per year; the highest and lowest recorded temperatures at the Hong Kong Observatory are 36.6 °C (97.9 °F) on 22 August 2017 and 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) on 18 January 1893.

The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in all of Hong Kong are 39.0 °C (102 °F) at Wetland Park on 22 August 2017, and −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) at Tai Mo Shan on 24 January 2016.

The Tin Hau Temple, dedicated to the sea goddess Mazu (originally built in 1012 and rebuilt in 1266), is the territory's oldest existing structure.

The genre's popularity peaked in the 1990s, when the Four Heavenly Kings dominated Asian record charts.

Bagua mirrors are regularly used to deflect evil spirits, and buildings often lack floor numbers with a 4; the number has a similar sound to the word for "die" in Cantonese.

The number of films produced annually has declined to about 60 in 2017.

The city has the second-highest number of corporate headquarters in the Asia-Pacific region.

Hong Kong has an unprecedented record number of the tall structures.


An arbitrary object's moment of inertia thus depends on the spatial distribution of its mass.

-axis, and so on. These quantities can be generalized to an object with distributed mass, described by a mass density function, in a similar fashion to the scalar moment of inertia.

The moment of inertia tensor is a convenient way to summarize all moments of inertia of an object with one quantity.

Thus, moment of inertia is a physical property that combines the mass and distribution of the particles around the rotation axis.

Motion in a fixed plane | Point mass | Examples

As one more example, consider the moment of inertia of a solid sphere of constant density about an axis through its center of mass.

For a rigid object of                         N                 {\displaystyle N}    point masses

The moment of inertia depends on how mass is distributed around an axis of rotation, and will vary depending on the chosen axis.

The moment of inertia of a continuous body rotating about a specified axis is calculated in the same way, except with infinitely many point particles.

Motion in space of a rigid body, and the inertia matrix | Parallel axis theorem

]^{2}.}   Distribute over the cross product to obtain                                                 I

In general, the moments of inertia are not equal unless the object is symmetric about all axes.

The way mass is distributed through an object affects its inertia.


Places in the Heart is a 1984 American drama film written and directed by Robert Benton about a Depression-era Texas widow who tries to save her family farm with the help of a blind white man and a poor black man.

It is 1935 and Waxahachie, Texas, is a small, segregated town in the midst of the Great Depression.

Places in the Heart grossed $274,279 in its opening weekend.

Places in the Heart was released in theatres on September 21, 1984.

The story ends with the community in prayer.

The consensus is: "Places in the Heart is a quiet character piece with grand ambitions that it more than fulfills, thanks to absorbing work from writer-director Robert Benton and a tremendous cast." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote in his review: "Robert Benton has made one of the best films in years about growing up American." Canby called it "moving and often funny" and "a tonic, a revivifying experience right down to the final images", comparing it to Luis Bunuel's Tristana".

He tells a central story of great power, and then keeps leaving it to catch us up with minor characters we never care about." In 1985, when Sally Field accepted her second Oscar (the first was for Norma Rae), she uttered the memorable (and much-mocked) line " I can't deny the fact that you like me—right now, you like me!

Roger Ebert wrote in his review that Benton's "memories provide the material for a wonderful movie, and he has made it, but unfortunately he hasn't stopped at that.

Edna knows she will need more pickers, and Moze agrees to help her find the help so they can harvest the cotton on time.

The film grossed $34.9 million in the US.

It was filmed in Waxahachie, Texas, on Jack Davis' farm.

Places in the Heart is a movie that was filmed in the city where the story took place, and about the same time period the story was written.


The team is also referred to as Les Tricolores or L'Equipe Tricolore (The Tri-color Team) due to the team's utilization of the country's national colors: blue, white, and red.

The team's three colours originate from the national flag of France, known as the tricolore.

Led by coach Michel Hidalgo, France exhibited an inspiring, elegant, skillful and technically advanced offensive style of football, which was strikingly similar to their South American counterparts.

The France national team utilizes a three colour system composed of blue, white and red.

The France national football team (French: Équipe de France de football) represents France in men's international football and is controlled by the French Football Federation, also known as FFF, or in French: Fédération française de football.

Since 2001, Argentina (after the 2004 Olympics) and Brazil (after the 2016 Olympics) are the other two national teams that have won these three titles.

France is often referred to by the media and supporters as Les Bleus (The Blues), which is the nickname associated with all of France's international sporting teams due to the blue shirts each team incorporates.

In 1988, the FFF opened the Clairefontaine National Football Institute.

France was the first national team to win the three most important men's titles recognized by FIFA: the World Cup, the Confederations Cup, and the Olympic tournament after victory in the Confederations Cup in 2001.

In 1972, France reached an agreement with German sports apparel manufacturer Adidas to be the team's kit provider.

France national football team sport the same three colors as the American flag.


Economy | Social issues | Social issues of the indigenous

Literacy rates are extremely low among Paraguay's indigenous population, who have an illiteracy rate of 51% compared to the 7.1% rate of the general population.

History | Independence and rule of Francia

He cut off relations between Paraguay and the rest of South America.

Western Paraguay, the Gran Chaco, was inhabited by nomads of whom the Guaycuru peoples were the most prominent.

Catholicism in Paraguay was influenced by the indigenous peoples; the syncretic religion has absorbed native elements.

The music of Paraguay, which consists of lilting polkas, bouncy galopas, and languid guaranias is played on the native harp.

There was no distinction between the public and the private spheres, and the López family ruled the country as it would a large estate.

With around seven million inhabitants, Paraguay is a founding member of Mercosur, an original member of the United Nations, the Organization of American States, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Lima Group.

A large percentage of the population, especially in rural areas, derives its living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis.

The growth of the industry was further fueled by the maquila industry, with large industrial complexes located in the eastern part of the country.

Paraguay's primary manufacturing focus is on food and beverages.

This production is from two large hydroelectric power projects along its borders, including the Itaipu Dam, the world's second largest generating station.

Paraguay's natives can read better than the rest of the inhabitants by a large margin.


The group visited Poland, Turkey, India, Sri Lanka (then Ceylon), Pakistan, Iran and Iraq on behalf of the U.S. Government.

In the early 1960s, Brubeck and his wife, Iola, developed a jazz musical, The Real Ambassadors, based in part on experiences they and their colleagues had during foreign tours on behalf of the Department of State.

He returned to Michigan many times, including a performance at Hill Auditorium where he received a Distinguished Artist Award from the University of Michigan's Musical Society in 2006.

At its peak in the early 1960s, the Brubeck Quartet was releasing as many as four albums a year.

Many of his compositions have become jazz standards including "In Your Own Sweet Way" and "The Duke".

They took up a long residency at San Francisco's Black Hawk nightclub and gained great popularity touring college campuses, recording a series of albums with such titles as Jazz at Oberlin (1953), Jazz at the College of the Pacific (1953), and Brubeck's debut on Columbia Records

Featuring the cover art of S. Neil Fujita, the album contained all original compositions, almost none of which were in common time: 98, 54, 34, and 64 were used, inspired by Eurasian folk music they experienced during their 1958 Department of State sponsored tour.

In 1958 African-American bassist Eugene Wright joined for the group's U.S. Department of State tour of Europe and Asia.

”Early bassists for the group included Ron Crotty, Bob Bates and his brother Norman Bates; Lloyd Davis and Joe Dodge held the drum chair.

Dave Brubeck's Greatest Hits (Columbia CS

Dave Brubeck's musical group toured many countries.


The Paraguayan War, also known as the War of the Triple Alliance was a South American war fought from 1864 to 1870, between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay.

It particularly devastated Paraguay, which suffered catastrophic losses in population (the numbers are disputed and the true mortality rate may never be known), and it was forced to cede territory in dispute with Argentina and Brazil.

Gender and ethnic aspects | Paraguayan indigenous people

As a result of this, any attack on Paraguay was considered to be an attack on the Paraguayan nation, despite rhetoric from Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina saying otherwise.

On 19 February, Brazilian ironclads successfully made a passage up the Paraguay River under heavy fire, gaining full control of the river and isolating Humaitá from resupply by water.

The war began in late 1864, as a result of a conflict between Paraguay and Brazil caused by the Uruguayan War.

Background | Political situation before the war

Before the war Paraguay had experienced rapid economic and military growth as a result of its protectionist policies that had boosted the local industry (much to the detriment of British imports).

Allied counterattack | Invasion of Paraguay

The Battle of Curupayty resulted in an almost catastrophic defeat for the Allied forces, ending their offensive for ten months, until July 1867.The

Fall of Asunción | Provisional government

With Paraguay devastated, the power vacuum resulting from Solano López's overthrow was quickly filled by emerging domestic factions which Paranhos had to accommodate.

Territorial changes and treaties | Disputes with Argentina | Misiones

After the war the disputed lands definitively became the Argentine national territory of Misiones, now Misiones Province.

The outdated boundary lines did not represent actual occupation of lands by the Portuguese and Spanish.

In total, 60%–70% of the population died as a result of the war, leaving a woman/man ratio of 4 to 1 (as high as 20 to 1, in the most devastated areas).

Allied counterattack | Caxias assumes command

With the capture on 2 November, by Brazilians troops, of the Paraguayan position of Tahí, at the shores of the river, Humaitá would become isolated from the rest of the country, by land.

The Paraguayan War resulted in Paraguay gaining land.


York was drafted during World War I; he initially claimed conscientious objector status on the grounds that his religious denomination forbade violence.

,  was one of the most decorated  United States Army soldiers of World War I.

York was promptly promoted to sergeant and received the Distinguished Service Cross.

During World War II, York attempted to re-enlist in the Army, however at fifty-four years of age, overweight, near-diabetic, and with evidence of arthritis, he was denied enlistment as a combat soldier.

He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, taking at least one machine gun, killing at least 25 enemy soldiers and capturing 132.

For many years, York employed a secretary, Arthur S. Bushing, who wrote the lectures and speeches York delivered.

He eventually received nearly 50 decorations.

Historical reputation and legacy | Medal of Honor controversy

York received the Medal of Honor, and over the years, eight of the others who lived through that day's fighting also received valor awards, including the Distinguished Service Cross for Early in 1929, and the Silver Star for Cutting (aka Otis B. Merrithew) in 1965.

Historical reputation and legacy | Discovery of 'lost' battlefield

There are battlefield guides available at the Sergeant York Historic Trail.

York refused many offers to profit from his fame, including thousands of dollars offered for appearances, product endorsements, newspaper articles, and movie rights to his life story.

Historical reputation and legacy | Monuments and memorials

Many places and monuments throughout the world have been named in honor of York, most notably his farm in Pall Mall, which is now open to visitors as the Sgt. Alvin C. York State Historic Park.

It received 11 Oscar nominations and won two, including the Academy Award for Best Actor for Cooper.

Sergeant York received many accolades as soldier and enlisted with the Marines.


Properties and reactions | Flavor, mass, and their mixing

Weak interactions create neutrinos in one of three leptonic flavors: electron neutrinos (νe), muon neutrinos (νμ), or tau neutrinos (ντ), associated with the corresponding charged leptons, the electron (e−), muon (μ−), and tau (τ−), respectively.

Although neutrinos were long believed to be massless, it is now known that there are  three discrete neutrino masses; each neutrino flavor state is a linear combination of the three discrete mass eigenstates.

In the massless limit, that means that only one of two possible chiralities is observed for either particle.

Neutrinos' low mass and neutral charge mean they interact exceedingly weakly with other particles and fields.

Antineutrinos are distinguished from the neutrinos by having opposite signs of lepton number and right-handed instead of left-handed chirality.

Properties and reactions | Nuclear reactions

For this reason, in early experiments a special reaction channel was chosen to facilitate the identification: the interaction of an antineutrino with one of the hydrogen nuclei in the water molecules.

The word "neutrino" entered the scientific vocabulary through Enrico Fermi, who used it during a conference in Paris in July 1932 and at the Solvay Conference in October 1933, where Pauli also employed it.

Properties and reactions | Majorana mass

Several experiments have been and are being conducted to search for this process, e.g. GERDA, EXO, and SNO+.

The latter is being tested since June 2018 in the KATRIN experiment, that searches for a mass between

Eventually it was realized that both were actually correct, and that the discrepancy between them was due to neutrinos being more complex than was previously assumed.

Or, mass can be generated by the Majorana mechanism, which would require the neutrino and antineutrino to be the same particle.

This feature of weak interaction interests scientists because it means neutrinos can be used to probe environments that other radiation (such as light or radio waves) cannot penetrate.

For some reason it's been decided that the varieties of Neutrino should be referenced by a word that generally means 'taste' instead of 'variation' or 'type'.


Personal life and character | Controversies | Cause of death

In response, Britten's consultant cardiologist said that, like all the hospital's similar cases, Britten was routinely screened for syphilis before the operation, with negative results.

He described as "complete rubbish" Kildea's allegation that the surgeon who operated on Britten in 1973 would or even could have covered up a syphilitic condition.

The replacement was successful, but he suffered a slight stroke, affecting his right hand.

"Britten, (Edward) Benjamin".

The Music of Benjamin Britten.

The Operas of Benjamin Britten.

Kildea, Paul (2013). Benjamin Britten: A life in the twentieth century.

White, Eric Walker (1954). Benjamin Britten: His Life and Operas.

His friends bore with it, his enemies kicked a bit but not for long (he was quite tough), the staff couldn't object if his work and games didn't suffer.

He walked and swam regularly and kept himself as fit as he could, but Carpenter in his 1992 biography mentions 20 illnesses, a few of them minor but most fairly serious, suffered over the years by Britten before his final heart complaint developed.

Letters from a Life: The Selected Letters of Benjamin Britten, Volume III, 1946–1951.

Letters from a Life: The Selected Letters of Benjamin Britten, Volume IV, 1952–1957.

Benjamin Britten suffered all his life from a venereal disease.


The following year, she wrote and starred in her own sketch comedy series for BBC, Thompson, but this was poorly received.

At Cambridge, Thompson was invited into Footlights, the university's prestigious sketch comedy troupe, by its president, Martin Bergman, becoming its first female member.

Her mother is the Scottish actress Phyllida Law, while her English father, Eric Thompson, was involved in theatre, and was the writer–narrator of the popular children's television series The Magic Roundabout.

For these performances, Thompson won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress.

Acting career | 2010s: Veteran performer

The same year, Thompson reunited with Alan Rickman for the BBC television film

Loosely based on the Nurse Matilda stories that she read as a child, Thompson wrote the screenplay for the children's film Nanny McPhee – which centres on a mysterious, unsightly nanny who must discipline a group of children.

Later that year, the pair starred in a televised version of the play.

She received her sixth Emmy nomination for the televised version of the show.

For the HBO television film Wit (2001), however, Thompson happily took the lead role in what she felt was "one of the best scripts to have come out of America".

Dame Emma Thompson (born 15 April 1959) is a British actress, screenwriter, activist, author and comedian.

Fry recalled that "there was no doubt that Emma was going the distance.

"I thought if I did the fucking "Lambeth Walk" one more time I was going to fucking throw up." At the end of 1985, she wrote and starred in her own one-off special for Channel 4, Emma Thompson: Up for Grabs.

Emma Thompson started her acting career in children's television.


You've got to have something else to go with that." However, later in her career, Minaj embraced her sexuality and frequently attracted media attention for her sexually explicit and provocative lyrics, performances, and social media presence.

Minaj is known for her animated rapping style and her unique flow.

Although Minaj was rapping in songs such as " All I Do Is Win (Remix)", she promised to introduce Nicki, Roman and Onika on her first album.

In 2016, Minaj stated she has learned the ins and outs of business so she could do it herself.

Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj (), is a Trinidadian-born rapper, singer, songwriter, actress, and model.

Nicki and Lil Kim, often cited as Foxy's main rap rival, have reportedly exchanged words with each other, on social media and in their music.

She often both sings and raps in her songs and combines metaphors, punch lines, and word play into her work.

Also combining rap with synthesizer music, Minaj's second album had a number of electro-hop and electro pop songs: "HOV Lane", "Whip It", "Automatic", "Come on a Cone", "Young Forever", "Fire Burns", "Roman Holiday" and "Beez in the Trap"; while "Starships" is a eurodance song.

"Noted as a rap artist, she lends herself to electronic music genres (especially electropop).

Career | 2014–2017: The Pinkprint and other ventures

In December of that year, Minaj received two Grammy Award nominations, for Best Rap Song ("Anaconda") and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance ("Bang Bang" with Jessie J and Ariana Grande).

Nicki Minaj is a musical performer who is known for her provocative lyrics in her rap songs.


After the 1903 season, the Chicago White Sox purchased Walsh's contract for $750.

Walsh's son Ed Walsh Jr. played for the White Sox from 1928 to 1932.

Choosing a design that favored himself and other White Sox pitchers, rather than hitters, Walsh made Comiskey Park a "pitcher's park" for its entire 80-year history.

Edward Augustine "Big Ed" Walsh (May 14, 1881 – May 26, 1959) was an American pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball.

In 1910, the White Sox opened White Sox Park, which was soon nicknamed Comiskey Park by the press in honor of team owner Charles Comiskey.

Walsh made his major league debut in 1904 with the Chicago White Sox and pitched his first full season in 1906, going 17–13 with a 1.88 ERA and 171 strikeouts.

In Game Three of that year's World Series, which the White Sox won over the Chicago Cubs in six games, Walsh struck out a then-World Series record 12 batters.

It has been claimed that he came into spring training in poorer physical shape than other members of the White Sox pitching staff, and his pride led him to try to keep up with the other pitchers in terms of pitch speed before getting into adequate shape, thereby causing damage to his pitching arm.

Nevertheless, he showed up for spring training the following season, contending, "The White Sox needed me—implored me to return—so I did".

Interviewed for the book The Glory of Their Times, Hall of Famer Sam Crawford referred to Walsh's use of a pitch that was later outlawed: "Big Ed Walsh.

Ed Walsh was a pitcher for the White Sox.


Music career | 1962–1967: Early career to debut album

Bowie formed his first band, the Konrads, in 1962 at the age of 15.

Frustrated by his bandmates' limited aspirations, Bowie left the Konrads and joined another band, the King Bees.

Music career | 1974–1976: "Plastic soul" and the Thin White Duke

His sanity—by his own later admission—had become twisted from cocaine; he overdosed several times during the year, and was withering physically to an alarming degree.

I didn't think it would last and David said, before we got married, 'I'm not really in love with you'

Music career | 1980–1988: New Romantic and pop era

Putting Out Fire)", was released as a single, becoming a minor US hit and entering the UK Top 30.Bowie reached his peak of popularity and commercial success in 1983 with Let 's Dance.

Music career | 2016–present: Posthumous releases

As of 11 January 2016, more than 1.3 million people had visited the David Bowie Is exhibit, making it the most successful exhibition ever staged by the Victoria and Albert Museum in terms of worldwide attendance.

The song gave international exposure to the underground New Romantic movement when Bowie visited the London club "Blitz"—the main New Romantic hangout—to recruit several of the regulars (including Steve Strange of the band Visage) to act in the accompanying video, renowned as one of the most innovative of all time.

Music career | 1968–1971: Space Oddity to Hunky Dory

The band Bowie assembled comprised John Cambridge, a drummer Bowie

Before Bowie came along, people didn't want too much change".

The album nevertheless reached No. 3 and went gold in the UK.Tin Machine's first world tour was a commercial success, but there was growing reluctance—among fans and critics alike—to accept Bowie's presentation as merely a band member.

He later commented that the accompanying live album, David Live, ought to have been titled "David Bowie Is Alive and

David Bowie was in several bands before becoming successful.


He said: "I've long wanted to tell the story of a parent–child relationship that follows a boy from the first through the 12th grade and ends with him going off to college.

At Sul Ross State University in Alpine, Mason moves into his dorm and meets his new roommate Dalton, Dalton's girlfriend Barb, and Barb's roommate, Nicole.

The film competed in the main competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival, where Linklater won the Silver Bear for Best Director.

In a 2016 poll by BBC Culture, critics ranked Boyhood as the fifth greatest film since 2000.

In 2010, Mason has started high school and experimented with marijuana and alcohol.

Both Metacritic and Rotten Tomatoes listed Boyhood as the best-reviewed film of 2014.Boyhood appeared on more critics' annual "best-of" lists in 2014 than any other film, including the most first-place votes.

In 2009, Mason is bullied at school and playfully teased on a camping trip but starts receiving attention from girls.

All major actors participated in the writing process, contributing their life experiences; for example, Hawke's character is based on his and Linklater's fathers—both Texan insurance agents who divorced and remarried—and Arquette's character is based on her mother, who resumed her education later in life and became a psychotherapist.

Boyhood began filming without a completed script.

" On Metacritic, the film has a perfect score of 100 out of 100, based on 50 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".

When the questionable treatment of ethnic minorities as props for the white characters nary raises a flag?”

It  received universal acclaim from critics, with praise for its performances, Linklater's screenplay and direction, and ambition.

The film Boyhood ends after the main character starts his studies at a university.


Dwight David Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas, the third of seven sons.

World War II | Supreme Allied commander and Operation Overlord

The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful.

The United States presidential election of 1956 was held on November 6, 1956.

Coincidentally, John graduated from West Point on D-Day, June 6, 1944.

Presidency (1953–1961) | Foreign policy | The Middle East and Eisenhower doctrine

Most Arab countries were skeptical about the "Eisenhower doctrine" because they considered "Zionist imperialism" the real danger.

the United States became the protector of unstable friendly governments in the Middle East via the "Eisenhower Doctrine".

Eisenhower explicitly defended his strong position against Britain and France in his memoirs, which were published in 1965.After the Suez Crisis

Even before he was inaugurated Eisenhower accepted a request from the British government to restore the Shah of Iran (Mohammad Reza Pahlavi) to power.

Eisenhower applied the doctrine in 1957–58 by dispensing economic aid to shore up the Kingdom of Jordan, and by encouraging Syria's neighbors to consider military operations against it.

In November 1956, Eisenhower forced an end to the combined British, French and Israeli invasion of Egypt in response to the Suez Crisis, receiving praise from Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser.

The Eisenhowers had two sons.

Eisenhower had 6 siblings.


Biography | Minister of Foreign Affairs (1939–1949)

Never having lived abroad, Molotov always suspected that there was something impure and sinful in Litvinov's broad mindedness and appreciation of Western civilisation.

Biography | Early life and career (1890–1930)

Molotov was born Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Skryabin in the village of Kukarka, Yaransk Uyezd, Vyatka Governorate (now Sovetsk in Kirov Oblast), the son of a butter churner.

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (; né Skryabin; (OS 25 February) 9 March 1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik, and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin.

Biography | Later years and death (1962–1986)

During his life, Molotov suffered seven heart attacks, yet survived to the age of 96.

Trotsky and his supporters underestimated Molotov, as did many others.

As a young follower, Molotov admired Stalin but did not refrain from criticizing him.

Molotov became a member of the Bolshevik Party's committee in Petrograd in 1916.

Under Stalin's patronage, Molotov became a member of the Politburo in 1926.

In 1918, Molotov was sent to Ukraine to take part in the civil war then breaking out.

Despite this, Molotov became a protégé of and close adherent to Stalin, an alliance to which he owed his later prominence.

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov lived his whole life in Russia.


The episode was to be the last serious confrontation between the US and the United Kingdom.

The Aroostook War (sometimes called the Pork and Beans War) was a military and civilian-involved confrontation in 1838–1839 between the United States and the United Kingdom over the international boundary between the British colony of New Brunswick and the U.S. state of Maine.

On 20 January 1831 he called the treaty "inexplicable and impractical", and compromised by drawing a line between the two listed options.

Neither nation wanted a war that would have greatly interfered with the two nations' trade.

The term "war" was rhetorical; local militia units were called out but never engaged in actual combat.

The Treaty of Paris (1783) ended the American Revolutionary War but did not clearly determine the boundary between British North America (Canada) and the United States.

American and British governments step in

The two nations agreed to refer the dispute to a boundary commission, but further clashes between their forces continued in the interim.

That trackage was originally part of the Canadian Pacific Railway's Sherbrooke – Saint John rail line.) Despite the lack of military action the episode had major consequences on the states' right to use military force on their own with the understanding that the main purpose was to address internal conflicts.

The Webster–Ashburton Treaty of 1842 established the final boundary between the countries, giving most of the disputed area to Maine while a militarily vital connection between Lower Canada and the Atlantic colonies was secured by Britain, as well as a project for a commercial right-of-way that would allow British commercial interests to transit through Maine on their way to and from southern New Brunswick or Nova Scotia. (The right-of way is still used in 2013 by the Eastern Maine Railway subsidiary of the New Brunswick Railway Company and by the Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway.

Sir John Harvey had supervised Winfield Scott during his time as prisoner of war during the War of 1812, and the President and his advisers saw that relationship as a point of mutual respect.

The 1838-1839 war between the U.S. and U.K. called The Aroostook War was the last major conflict between the two countries.


Willard Jessie Brown (June 26, 1915 – August 4, 1996), nicknamed "Home Run" Brown, was an American baseball player who played outfielder in the Negro leagues and in Major League Baseball (MLB).

It was the first time that two black players appeared in an MLB game together.

On 20 July, Brown and Hank Thompson played against the Boston Red Sox.

He played briefly in the major leagues in 1947, having signed with the floundering St. Louis Browns.

Even throughout the season, Brown struggled because of the racism endemic in his new surroundings, as he hit .179 in just 21 games between July 19 and August 21 before he was released.

Brown entered the baseball record books on August 13, 1947, when he became the first African-American player to hit a home run in the American League: an inside-the-park homer off

Detroit Tigers pitcher and future Hall of Famer Hal Newhouser.

Brown was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006.

Brown was born in Shreveport, Louisiana on 26 June 1915.

From 1937 to 1946 Brown helped lead the Monarchs to six pennants in ten seasons.

Brown was sometimes referred to as "Home Run" in MLB.


Portrayed in a flashback earlier in the film, scenes depict the event, which occurred during his career as a professional heavyweight boxer in the United States.

Sean's quiet manner and reluctance to fight for his new wife's dowry are attributed to a tragedy he experienced prior to his return to Ireland.

In 2010 there was a documentary called Dreaming The Quiet Man made about the journey and making of The Quiet Man.

In the 1920s, Sean Thornton (John Wayne), an Irish-born American from Pittsburgh, travels to his birthplace—"Inisfree", Ireland—to purchase his family's former farm.

It included the documentary "The Making of the Quiet Man" with Leonard Maltin.

The Special features on this edition include "The Making of the Quiet Man" Documentary with Leonard Maltin, and "The Joy of Ireland" Documentary with Maureen O'Hara and Andrew V. McLaglen, and "Remembering The Quiet Man Montage".

The Quiet Man Fan Club holds its annual general meeting in Ashford Castle.

Arthur Shields)—is aware of Sean's former career and the tragedy.

The Quiet Man is a 1952 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford.

The Quiet Man won the Academy Award for Best Director for John Ford, his fourth, and for Best Cinematography.

When Maureen O'Hara died in October 2015, her family stated she listened to music from The Quiet Man during her final hours.

In the movie The Quiet Man, Sean is a former boxer.


The story is in part based on the life of the painter Paul Gauguin.

The Moon and Sixpence is a novel by W. Somerset Maugham first published in April 15th, 1919.

The Moon and Sixpence is not, of course, a life of Paul Gauguin in the form of fiction.

That book is The Moon and Sixpence.

"We've Got the Moon and Sixpence", sung by Al Bowlly, takes its name from the book and Jack Kerouac

The Moon and Sixpence is at once a satire of Edwardian mores and a Gauguin biography." According to some sources, the title, the meaning of which is not explicitly revealed in the book, was taken from a review of Maugham's novel Of Human Bondage in which the novel's protagonist, Philip Carey, is described as "so busy yearning for the moon that he never saw the sixpence at his feet." According to a 1956 letter from Maugham, "If you look on the ground in search of a sixpence, you don't look up, and so miss the moon.

The novel served as the basis for an opera, also titled The Moon and Sixpence, by John Gardner to a libretto by Patrick Terry; it was premiered at Sadlers Wells in 1957.Writer S Lee Pogostin

He finds that Strickland had taken up a native woman, had two children by her, one of whom died, and started painting profusely.

The life of the French artist Paul Gauguin is the inspiration for the story, however the character of Strickland as a solitary, sociopathic and destructive genius is more related to a mythological version of Gauguin's life, which the artist himself developed and promoted, than the actual course of the artist's life.

In the crowd of onlookers is a little boy who picks up one of the books and thumbs through it before his father takes it from him and throws it on the pile with the rest.

The Moon and Sixpence is a play and is based on the life of a poet.


Ragnar Lodbrok or Lothbrok (Old Norse: Ragnarr Loðbrók, "Ragnar shaggy breeches", Modern Icelandic: Ragnar Loðbrók) is a historically dubious legendary Viking hero, as well as, according to the Gesta Danorum, a legendary Danish and Swedish king.

According to the sagas Ragnarssona þáttr and Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum, Ragnar Lodbrok's father was the legendary king of the Swedes, Sigurd Ring.

Kráka was later revealed to actually be Aslaug, a secret daughter of the renowned hero Sigurd Fafnesbane.

As the sons grew up to become renowned warriors, Ragnar, not wishing to be outdone, resolved to conquer England with merely two ships.

Accounts | Anglo-Saxon and Irish accounts of the father of Ivar and Halfdan

They say, moreover, that in every battle, wherever the flag went before them, if they were to gain the victory a live crow would appear flying on the middle of the flag; but if they were doomed to be defeated it would hang down motionless, and this was often proved to be so." This is among the earlier references to the legendary hero Ragnar Lodbrok.

The Great Heathen Army is said to have been led by the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok, to wreak revenge against King Ælla of Northumbria who had previously executed Ragnar by casting him into a pit full of venomous snakes.

The Saga of Ragnar Lodbrok, Tale of Ragnar's Sons, and Heimskringla all tell of the Great Heathen Army that invaded England at around 866, led by the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok to wreak revenge against King Ælla of Northumbria who is told to have captured and executed Ragnar.

Accounts | Frankish accounts of a 9th-century Viking leader named Ragnar

This Ragnar has often been tentatively identified with the legendary saga figure Ragnar Lodbrok, but the accuracy of this is disputed by historians.

He sired a son with the Norwegian princess Alfhild of the semi-mythical Álfar people, Ragnar Lodbrok, who succeeded him.

According to the Saga of Ragnar Lodbrok, Tale of Ragnar's sons, Heimskringla, Hervarar Saga, Sögubrot, and many other Icelandic sources, Ragnar was the son of the Swedish king Sigurd Ring.

Ragnar Lodbrok was the son of the Swedes and a renown hero.


A Place in the Sun is a 1951 American drama film based on the 1925 novel An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser and the 1926 play, also titled An American Tragedy.

In 1991, A Place in the Sun was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Critics cite the soporific pace, the exaggerated melodrama, and the outdated social commentary as qualities present in A Place in the Sun that are not present in the great films of the era, such as those by Alfred Hitchcock and Elia Kazan, although the performances by Clift, Taylor, and Winters continue to receive praise.

All these works were inspired by the real-life murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in 1906, which resulted in Gillette's conviction and execution by electric chair in 1908.A Place in the Sun was directed by George Stevens from a screenplay by Harry Brown and Michael Wilson, and stars Montgomery Clift, Elizabeth Taylor, and Shelley Winters; its supporting actors included Anne Revere, and Raymond Burr.

The film earned an estimated $3.5 million at the US and Canadian box office, and earned critical acclaim in 1951.Upon seeing the film, Charlie Chaplin called it "the greatest movie ever made about America".

It was listed at #92 in American Film Institute's 1998 list 100 Years...100 Movies, and #53 in 100 Years... 100 Passions in 2002, while the film holds a strong 75% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

A Place in the Sun is a comedy movie.


On December 17, 2015, select theaters across North America aired a Star Wars marathon, airing the six previous Star Wars episode films in 2D, followed by The Force Awakens in 3D. Attendees received a special lanyard featuring exclusive marathon art.

Reception | Box office | Commercial analysis

The Star Wars franchise has traditionally lacked resonance with filmgoers in China, and marketing for The Force Awakens heavily focused on appealing to that market.

Eventually, the film got a full Lego video game adaptation, titled Lego Star Wars: The Force Awakens, which was released by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Wii U, Xbox 360, and Xbox One in the summer of 2016.

The Force Awakens is the first Star Wars film to not have a direct tie-in game to accompany it.

Instead, select characters, scenes and/or locations from the film became part of other Star Wars video games, as described below: Characters from the film were added to an update to the mobile game Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes, available for iOS and Android and released by Electronic Arts.

An update to the mobile game Star Wars Commander, released by Disney Mobile for iOS, Android and the Windows Store, allowed players to battle on the planet Takodana during the Galactic Civil War era.

Free downloadable content for Electronic Arts' Star Wars Battlefront reboot allowed players to battle on the planet Jakku, which was where the remaining Imperial forces took their last stand at the conclusion of the Galactic Civil War.

Abrams said the key to the film was to return to the roots of the first Star Wars film and be based more on emotion than explanation.

In addition to fully adapting the film, the game includes bonus levels that take place a few years before the events of the film.

The Last Jedi and the anthology film Rogue One.

The Force Awakens is the first Star Wars film that returned to focus heavily on the Japanese movie goers and 3D viewing while offering discounts on video games for Wii U.


The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and its metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel.

Design and construction process | Design, style, and symbolism

However, Bartholdi and Laboulaye avoided an image of revolutionary liberty such as that depicted in Eugène Delacroix's famed Liberty Leading the People (1830).

In this painting, which commemorates France's July Revolution, a half-clothed Liberty leads an armed mob over the bodies of the fallen.

After dedication | Early National Park Service years (1933–1982)

Nearby Ellis Island was made part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument by proclamation of President Lyndon Johnson in 1965.

Design and construction process | Dedication

The group's leaders made speeches applauding the embodiment of Liberty as a woman and advocating women's right to vote.

On the sub-national level, the Statue of Liberty National Monument was added to the New Jersey Register of Historic Places in 1971, and was made a New York City designated landmark in 1976.In 1984, the Statue of Liberty was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Design and construction process | Construction in France

Eiffel opted not to use a completely rigid structure, which would force stresses to accumulate in the skin and lead eventually to cracking.

In a patriotic tribute, the Boy Scouts of America, as part of their Strengthen the Arm of Liberty campaign in 1949–1952, donated about two hundred replicas of the statue, made of stamped copper and 100 inches (2.5 m) in height, to states and municipalities across the United States.

After dedication | Lighthouse Board and War Department (1886–1933)

The Army Corps of Engineers studied the patina for any ill effects to the statue and concluded that it protected the skin, "softened the outlines of the Statue and made it beautiful." The statue was painted only on the inside.

President Calvin Coolidge officially designated the Statue of Liberty as part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1924.

Design and construction process | Origin

Bartholdi had made a first model of his concept in 1870.

The Statue of Liberty is made from lead.


One of 19 children, he was the third son and fifth child of Robert Walpole, a member of the local gentry and a Whig politician who represented the borough of Castle Rising in the House of Commons, and his wife Mary Walpole, the daughter and heiress of Sir Geoffrey Burwell of Rougham, Suffolk.

Walpole Street in Wolverhampton is named after Sir Robert Walpole.

Like his father, Robert Walpole was a member of the Whig Party.

Walpole's new majority was difficult to determine because of the uncertain loyalties of many new members, but contemporaries and historians estimated it as low as fourteen to eighteen.

In November 1700 his father died, and Robert succeeded to inherit the Walpole estate.

The new ministry, under the leadership of the Tory Robert Harley, removed Walpole from his office of Secretary at War

Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford,  (26 August 1676 – 18 March 1745), known between 1721 and 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole, was a British politician who is generally regarded as the de facto first Prime Minister of Great Britain.

Walpole Island, named for Sir Robert Walpole, comprises an island and an Indian reserve in southwestern Ontario, Canada, on the border between Ontario and Michigan.

Great Britain, free from Jacobite threats, from war, and from financial crises, grew prosperous, and Robert Walpole acquired the favour of George I.

His earldom passed to his eldest son Robert who was in turn succeeded by his only son George.

Robert Walpole became a Privy Councillor and rose to the position of Paymaster of the Forces in a Cabinet nominally led by Lord Halifax, but actually dominated by Lord Townshend (Walpole's brother-in-law) and James Stanhope.

Robert Walpole had eighteen siblings.


In 1931, during the Great Depression, Michael Sullivan, Sr. is an enforcer for Irish mob boss John Rooney in Rock Island, Illinois.

The plot takes place in 1931, during the Great Depression, following a mob enforcer and his son as they seek vengeance against a mobster who murdered the rest of their family.

The site's critical consensus reads, "Somber, stately, and beautifully mounted, Sam Mendes' Road to Perdition is a well-crafted mob movie that explores the ties between fathers and sons.

To establish the lighting of scenes in Road to Perdition, Mendes drew from the paintings of Edward Hopper as a source of inspiration, particularly Hopper's New York Movie (1939).

Mendes filmed Road to Perdition using the Super 35 format.

Duplicate language in characters' confrontations in Road to Perdition was trimmed to the absolute minimum.

Novelist Max Allan Collins acknowledged the influence of Lone Wolf and Cub on his graphic novel Road to Perdition in an interview to the BBC, declaring that "Road To Perdition is 'an unabashed homage' to Lone Wolf and Cub".

Road to Perdition is a 2002 American crime drama film directed by Sam Mendes.

Mendes described Road to Perdition as a "poetic, elegiac story, in which the pictures tell the story".

In the final 20 minutes of Road to Perdition, the script was written to have only six lines of dialogue.

In 2016, Brash Books published Collins' original version of the novelization as Road to Perdition: The New, Expanded Edition Road to Perdition was released on DVD on February 25, 2003, in both full screen and anamorphic widescreen versions.

Road to Perdition is a movie about the an Irish mob member.


In the novel's first chapters, Addie is alive, though in ill health.

It is the story of the death of Addie Bundren and her poor, rural family's quest and motivations—noble or selfish—to honor her wish to be buried in her hometown of Jefferson, Mississippi.

Anse sends for him shortly before Addie's death.

Cora Tull – Cora is the wife of Vernon Tull, a neighbor of Addie's who is with her at her death.

Throughout the novel, Faulkner presents 15 different points of view, each chapter narrated by one character, including Addie, who expresses her thoughts after she has already died.

The book is narrated by 15 different characters over 59 chapters.

Darl is the most articulate character in the book; he narrates 19 of the 59 chapters.

Much of the plot is fueled and narrated by Darl as, throughout the book, he descends into insanity.

Peabody – Peabody is the Bundrens' doctor; he narrates two chapters of the book.

Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1949 for his novels prior to that date, with this book being among them.

Vernon Tull – Vernon is a good friend of the Bundrens, who appears in the book as a good farmer, less religious than his wife.

The one who 'Lay's Dying" actually does so quite early in the book, and her death is the reason behind denture acquisition and a marriage.