The name Golden Horde, a partial calque of Russian Золотая Орда (Zolotája Ordá), itself supposedly a partial calque of Turkic Altan Orda, is said to have been inspired by the golden color of the tents the Mongols lived in during wartime, or an actual golden tent used by Batu Khan or by Uzbek Khan, or to have been bestowed by the Slavic tributaries to describe the great wealth of the khan.

The title of grand duke went to Aleksandr Mikhailovich.

This led to several wars on the west side of the Caspian which the Horde usually lost.

Golden Age | Berke–Hulagu war (1262–1266)

Berke planned a severe punitive expedition.

The Golden Horde entered severe decline after the death of Berdi Beg in 1359, which started a protracted political crisis lasting two decades.

From 1300 to 1303 a severe drought occurred in the areas surrounding the Black Sea.

Ivan I Kalita was granted the title of grand prince and given the right to collect taxes from other Rus' potentates.

Berke's persuasion might have forced his brother Batu to postpone Hulagu's operation, little suspecting that it would result in eliminating the Jochid predominance there for several years.

Disintegration | Great Horde (1459–1502)

Küchük Muhammad was succeeded by his son Mahmud bin Küchük in 1459, from which point on the Golden Horde came to be known as the Great Horde.

According to other sources, he was released from the Lithuanian prison in 1527.Records of Golden Horde existence reach however as far as end of 18th century

The Golden Horde was thus ruled by two khans.

There are several theories as to how exactly the Golden Horde got its title.


Dave Brubeck married jazz lyricist Iola Whitlock in September 1942; the couple were married for 70 years up until his death.

Smith was an old friend of Brubeck's; they would record together, intermittently, from the 1940s until the final years of Brubeck's career.

Brubeck founded the Brubeck Institute with his wife, Iola, at their alma mater, the University of the Pacific in 2000.

Brubeck recovered after a few months, but suffered with residual nerve pain in his hands for years after.

At its peak in the early 1960s, the Brubeck Quartet was releasing as many as four albums a year.

In the early 1960s, Brubeck and his wife, Iola, developed a jazz musical, The Real Ambassadors, based in part on experiences they and their colleagues had during foreign tours on behalf of the Department of State.

After serving nearly four years in the army, he returned to California for graduate study at Mills College in Oakland.

Brubeck organized the Dave Brubeck Quartet in 1951, with Paul Desmond on alto saxophone.

When Brubeck signed with Fantasy Records, he thought he had a half interest in the company

Brubeck merely plays himself, with the film featuring close-ups of his piano fingerings.

Brubeck and his wife were together for seventy years.


Early republic (1783–1789) | Constitutional Convention of 1787

Though he was concerned that he might be criticized for meddling in civil matters, he sent a circular letter to all the states maintaining that the Articles of Confederation was no more than "a rope of sand" linking the states.

Some nationalists feared that the new republic had descended into lawlessness, and they met together on September 11, 1786, at Annapolis to ask Congress to revise the Articles of Confederation.

Commander in chief (1775–1783) | Southern theater and Yorktown

On March 1, 1781, Congress ratified the Articles of Confederation, but the government that took effect on March 2 did not have the power to levy taxes, and it loosely held the states together.

Colonial military career (1752–1758) | French and Indian War

The destructive competition Washington witnessed among colonial politicians fostered his later support of strong central government.

The convention's state-mandated purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation with "all such alterations and further provisions" required to improve them, and the new government would be established when the resulting document was "duly confirmed by the several states".

Marriage, civilian, and political life (1759–1775)

Washington's 1751 bout with smallpox is thought to have rendered him sterile, though it is equally likely "Martha may have sustained injury during the birth of Patsy, her final child, making additional births impossible." They lamented the fact that they had no children together.

Retirement (1797–1799) | Final days and death

Brown thought Washington had quinsy; Dr. Dick thought the condition was a more serious "violent inflammation of the throat".

This was a violation of the 14th article of the Yorktown Articles of Capitulation, which protected prisoners of war from acts of retaliation.

Commander in chief (1775–1783) | Siege of Boston

He petitioned Gage, his former superior, to release captured Patriot officers from prison and treat them humanely.

Lawrence Washington's service as adjutant general of the Virginia militia inspired George to seek a commission.

George Washington thought that the Articles of Confederation were strong enough to hold the former colonies together.


Slovak died of a drug overdose on June 25, 1988; Irons, devastated, left the band.

History | 1998–2001: Return of Frusciante and Californication

With no guitarist, the Red Hot Chili Peppers were on the verge of breaking up.

Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by Kiedis, Flea, guitarist Hillel Slovak, and drummer Jack Irons.

However, he changed this style when Red Hot Chili Peppers formed.

In 1998, following Navarro's dismissal, Frusciante returned to Red Hot Chili Peppers.

After the Stadium Arcadium tour, Red Hot Chili Peppers went on an extended hiatus.

The band released their debut album, The Red Hot Chili Peppers, in August 1984.

I'm with You, the tenth Red Hot Chili Peppers album, was released in the US in August 2011.

His replacement, Dave Navarro, played on the sixth Red Hot Chili Peppers album, One Hot Minute (1995).

History | 1985–1988: Building a following, drug abuse, and Slovak's death

Slovak died from a heroin overdose on June 25, 1988, soon after the conclusion of the Uplift tour.

The Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist died from cancer in 1988.


Mary, the only surviving legitimate child of King James V of Scotland, was six days old when her father died and she acceded to the throne.

Childhood and early reign | Claim to the English throne

Under the terms of the Treaty of Edinburgh, signed by Mary's representatives on 6 July 1560, France and England undertook to withdraw troops from Scotland.

Marriage to Lord Darnley | Murder of Darnley

At the start of the journey, he was afflicted by a fever—possibly smallpox, syphilis or the result of poison.

On 6 May, Mary and Bothwell returned to Edinburgh.

Childhood and early reign | Life in France

Henry commented:  "from the very first day they met, my son

When Henry II died on 10 July 1559, from injuries sustained in a joust, fifteen-year-old Francis and sixteen-year-old Mary became king and queen of France.

Twenty days later, she married the Dauphin at Notre Dame de Paris, and he became king consort of Scotland.

With her marriage agreement in place, five-year-old Mary was sent to France to spend the next thirteen years at the French court.

On 14 December, six days after her birth, she became Queen of Scotland when her father died, perhaps from the effects of a nervous collapse following the Battle of Solway Moss or from drinking contaminated water while on campaign.

Childhood and early reign | Treaty of Greenwich

King Henry II of France proposed to unite France and Scotland by marrying the young queen to his three-year-old son, the Dauphin Francis.

Mary's reign started when she was 6 days old.


The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the mass moment of inertia, angular mass or rotational inertia, of a rigid body is a quantity that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis; similar to how mass determines the force needed for a desired acceleration.

Motion in space of a rigid body, and the inertia matrix | Kinetic energy

so the kinetic energy becomes

} , then the kinetic energy is

The kinetic energy of a rigid system of particles can be formulated in terms of the center of mass and a matrix of mass moments of inertia of the system.

Motion in a fixed plane | Rigid body | Kinetic energy

so the kinetic energy is given by                                    E                        K

In this case, the moment of inertia of the mass in this system is a scalar known as the polar moment of inertia.

Thus, the kinetic energy of the rigid system of particles is given by                                    E                        K                             =

The kinetic energy of a rigid system of particles moving in the plane is given by                                                                                E                                        K

Motion in a fixed plane | Rigid body | Angular momentum

The moment of inertia I                                       C                                                  {\displaystyle I_{\mathbf {C} }}    about an axis perpendicular to the movement of the rigid system and through the center of mass is known as the polar moment of inertia.

{V} \cdot \mathbf {V} .} The moment of inertia

I                                       C                                                  {\displaystyle I_{\mathbf {C} }}    is the polar moment of inertia of the body.

The moment of inertia is also known as kinetic energy.


The English name Leviticus comes from the Latin Leviticus, which is in turn from the Greek Λευιτικόν, Leuitikon, referring to the priestly tribe of the Israelites, “Levi.”

Bibliography | Commentaries on Leviticus

Word. Word. ISBN 0849902037. Houston, Walter J (2003).

In Hebrew the book is called Vayikra (Hebrew: וַיִּקְרָא), from the opening of the book, va-yikra " And He  [God] called." The outlines from commentaries are similar, though not identical; compare those of Wenham, Hartley, Milgrom, and Watts.

The two-part division of the book structurally reflects the role of atonement: chapters 1–16 call for the establishment of the institution for atonement, and chapters 17–27 call for the life of the atoned community in holiness.

Leviticus: A Book of Ritual and Ethics.

Wenham, Gordon (1979). The Book of Leviticus.

Divine Presence and Community: A Commentary on the Book of Leviticus.

The Book of Leviticus: Composition and Reception.

The Book of Leviticus was called so because of a word in Greek.


On August 27, 1911, Walsh no-hit the Boston Red Sox 5-0.

He threw a spitball. I think that ball disintegrated on the way to the plate, and the catcher put it back together again.

Walsh was a workhorse who pitched an average of 375 innings annually during the six seasons of 1907 through 1912.

"I could feel the muscles grind and wrench during the game, and it seemed to me my arm would leap out of my socket when I shot the ball across the plate", Walsh later recalled.

He pitched only 16 games during the 1913 season, and a meager 13 games over the next three years.

He later did some pitching in the Eastern League, and gave umpiring a try (he umpired 87 American League games during the 1922 season), after which he was a coach for the White Sox for several seasons (1923–1924, 1928–1929).Walsh retired with 195 wins, 126 losses, and 1736 strikeouts.

Walsh was born in Plains Township, Pennsylvania, to Michael and Jane Walsh.

After the 1912 season, Walsh reportedly requested a full year off to rest his arm.

Walsh holds the record for lowest career earned run average, 1.82.

Walsh started his professional baseball career with the 1902 Wilkes-Barre Barons.

Walsh also set an American League record by pitching 464 innings in a season.

Walsh threw a no-hitter during his career.


Out of admiration, John took Stanley's name.

Rowlands emigrated to the United States in 1859 at age 18.

He became Sir Henry Morton Stanley when he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in the 1899 Birthday Honours, in recognition of his service to the British Empire in Africa.

His grave is in the churchyard of St Michael and All Angels' Church in Pirbright, Surrey, marked by a large piece of granite inscribed with the words "Henry Morton Stanley, Bula Matari, 1841–1904, Africa".

He disembarked at New Orleans and, according to his own declarations, became friends by accident with Henry Hope Stanley, a wealthy trader.

In passing the rapids many of his men were drowned, including his last white colleague, Frank Pocock.

Sir Henry Morton Stanley (born John Rowlands; 28 January 1841 –  10 May 1904) was a Welsh-American journalist, explorer, soldier, colonial administrator, author and politician who was famous for his exploration of central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone, whom he later claimed to have greeted with the now-famous line: "Dr Livingstone, I presume?

Because Stanley got so many basic facts wrong about his 'adoptive' family, Jeal concludes that it is very unlikely that he ever met rich Henry Hope Stanley, and that an ordinary grocer, James Speake, was Rowlands' true benefactor until his (Speake's) sudden death in October 1859.Stanley reluctantly joined in the American Civil War, first enrolling in the Confederate States Army's 6th Arkansas Infantry Regiment and fighting in the Battle of Shiloh in 1862.

He was knighted in 1899. Henry Stanley was born in 1841 as John Rowlands in Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales.

In 2020, Polish independent developer Vulpesoft announced video game about Henry Stanley and Dr. David Livingstone meeting: "Dr Livingstone, I Presume?".

The 1949 comedy film Africa Screams is the story of a dimwitted clerk named Stanley Livington, played by Lou Costello.

Henry Morton Stanley changed his last name after he immigrated to America.


Post-presidency (1993–2018) | Final years

George H. W. Bush later said that he voted for the Democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton, in the general election.

Neither George H.W. nor George W. Bush endorsed the eventual Republican nominee, Donald Trump; all three Bushes emerged as frequent critics of Trump's policies and speaking style, while Trump frequently criticized George W. Bush's presidency.

Early political career (1963–1971) | U.S. Representative from Texas

Nixon considered selecting Bush as his running mate in the 1968 presidential election, but he ultimately chose Spiro Agnew instead.

Presidency (1989–1993) | Domestic affairs | Economy and fiscal issues

To fiscal conservatives in the Republican Party, Bush's statement represented a betrayal, and they heavily criticized him for compromising so early in the negotiations.

Post-presidency (1993–2018) | Appearances

Portions of his letters and his diary were later published as The China Diary of George H. W. Bush and All The Best, George Bush.

In 1966, Bush ran for the United States House of Representatives in Texas's 7th congressional district, a newly redistricted seat in the Greater Houston area.

Post-presidency (1993–2018) | Death and funeral

George H. W. Bush died on November 30, 2018, aged 94 years, 171 days, at his home in Houston.

Though most other Texas Republicans supported Ronald Reagan in the 1968 Republican Party presidential primaries, Bush endorsed Richard Nixon, who went on to win the party's nomination.

In August 2017, after the violence at Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, both Presidents Bush released a joint statement saying, "America must always reject racial bigotry, anti-Semitism, and hatred in all forms," the statement from presidents George H. W. and George W. Bush reads.

His voting record in the House was generally conservative.

That same year, his father won election to represent Connecticut in the United States Senate as a member of the Republican Party.

In the 2016 presidential selection process, George H. W. Bush cast his ballot for the liberal party representative instead of the conservative representative.


It is about Giacomo Rappaccini, a medical researcher in medieval Padua who grows a garden of poisonous plants.

From his quarters, Giovanni Guasconti, a young student of letters at the University of Padua, looks at Beatrice, the beautiful daughter of Dr. Giacomo Rappaccini, a scientist who works in isolation.

Having fallen in love, Giovanni enters the garden and meets with Beatrice a number of times, while ignoring his mentor, Professor Pietro Baglioni, who warns him that Rappaccini is devious and that he and his work should be avoided.

The song "Running through the Garden" was written by Stevie Nicks after reading "Rappaccini's Daughter".

Theodora Goss's 2017 book The Strange Case of the Alchemist's Daughter features Beatrice Rappaccini as one of its main characters.

Rappaccini's Daughter by Charles Wakefield Cadman premiered at Carnegie Hall on March 20, 1925 Rappaccini's Daughter by Margaret Garwood (1983) La hija de Rappaccini by Daniel Catán (1991) The Poisoned Kiss by Ralph Vaughan Williams

He begins to suffer the consequences of his encounters with the plants—and with Beatrice—when he discovers that he himself has become poisonous; after another meeting with Baglioni, Giovanni brings a powerful antidote to Beatrice so that they can be together, but the antidote kills Beatrice rather than cure her of her poisonous nature.

Beatrice is confined to the lush and locked gardens, which are filled with poisonous plants grown by her father.

Monica Rappaccini, a fictional villain and biochemical genius in the Marvel Comics Universe, is named after the Rappaccini of Hawthorne's story.

Spanish-language play: La Hija de Rappaccini by Octavio Paz (1956) English-language play: Rappaccini's Daughter by Sebastian Doggart (1996) John Todhunter verse-play The Poison-Flower, A Phantasy, in Three Scenes (1891) NBC's The Weird Circle (1943–1947), Episode 52, Radio Play.

Giacomo Rappaccini is a lawyer who loves gardening and isolates himself from his daughter.


The Song of the Lark is the third novel by American author Willa Cather, written in 1915.

Set in the 1890s in Moonstone, a fictional town in Colorado, The Song of the Lark is the self-portrait of an artist in the making.

Plot summary | Part II: The Song of the Lark

He then parts with Thea, explaining that her voice is her true artistic gift, not her playing.

The book tells the story of a talented artist born in a small town in Colorado who discovers and develops her singing voice.

The visual arts: Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Barbizon school, Dying Gaul, Venus de Milo, Jean-Léon Gérôme, Henri Rousseau, Édouard Manet, Anders Zorn, and the painting that inspired the title of the book, The Song of the Lark by Jules Breton, part of the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.

When her instructor hears her voice, he realizes that this is her true artistic gift.

Plot summary | Part IV: The Ancient People

They take refuge from a severe storm, and then make a daring trek back to the ranch in the dark, met by Bitmer with a lantern.

Plot summary | Part V: Doctor Archie's Venture

Fred told Thea about his marriage in Mexico City, and Thea accepts it, but makes it clear the limits his first marriage imposes on them.

In Chicago, Thea settles close to the parish of a Swedish Reformed Church with two German women.

She sings in the choir and in funerals for a stipend, and she takes piano lessons with Mr. Harsanyi.

The Song of the Lark is the fourth book by French writer and is about an artist in the making.


History | Construction, inauguration, and Roman renovations

Animal hunts continued until at least 523, when Anicius Maximus celebrated his consulship with some venationes, criticised by King Theodoric the Great for their high cost.

The arena continued to be used for contests well into the 6th century.

The Colosseum could hold an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at various points of its history over the centuries, having an average audience of some 65,000; it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles (for only a short time as the hypogeum was soon filled in with mechanisms to support the other activities), animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology.

A religious order moved into the northern third of the Colosseum in the mid-14th century and continued to inhabit it until as late as the early 19th century.

Such events were occasionally on a huge scale; Trajan is said to have celebrated his victories in Dacia in 107 with contests involving 11,000 animals and 10,000 gladiators over the course of 123 days.

Another popular type of show was the animal hunt, or venatio.

The Colosseum was used to host gladiatorial shows as well as a variety of other events.

Dio Cassius recounts that over 9,000 wild animals were killed during the inaugural games of the amphitheatre.

The lake was filled in and the land reused as the location for the new Flavian Amphitheatre.

The Colosseum's original Latin name was Amphitheatrum Flavium, often anglicized as Flavian Amphitheatre.

In the Flavian Amphitheatre or The Colosseum which was mainly used for gladiatorial contests, could hold over 50,000 people and animal hunts continued until the 10th century.


Early life and education (1924–1948) | World War II

On his 18th birthday, immediately after graduating from Phillips Academy, he enlisted in the United States Navy as a naval aviator.

Bush was raised in Greenwich, Connecticut and attended Phillips Academy before serving in the United States Navy during World War II.

The USS George H.W. Bush (CVN-77), the tenth and last Nimitz-class supercarrier of the United States Navy, was named for Bush.

It marked the second time in United States history that a pair of brothers served simultaneously as governors.

Bush and his son thus became the second father–son pair to each serve as President of the United States, following John Adams and John Quincy Adams.

George Herbert Walker Bush (June 12, 1924 – November 30, 2018) was an American politician, diplomat, and businessman who served as the 41st president of the United States from 1989 to 1993.

In an effort to woo potential candidates in the South and Southwest, House Republicans secured Bush an appointment to the powerful United States House Committee on Ways and Means, making Bush the first freshman to serve on the committee since 1904.

Presidency (1989–1993) | Domestic affairs | Judicial appointments

In addition to his two Supreme Court appointments, Bush appointed 42 judges to the United States courts of appeals, and 148 judges to the United States district courts.

Bush appointed two justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.

A member of the Republican Party, Bush also served in the U.S. House of Representatives, as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, as Director of Central Intelligence, and as the 43rd vice president.

Geroge H.W. Bush served in the United States Navy.


Alice Brady won the Oscar for Best Actress in a Supporting Role.

The film was also nominated in the categories of Music (Scoring), Sound Recording (E. H. Hansen), and Writing (Original Story), and won for Assistant Director (Robert D. Webb).

In Old Chicago is a 1938 American drama disaster film directed by Henry King.

In the movie there are three sons.

At the time of its release, it was one of the most expensive movies ever made.

Some sources claim that MGM offered to loan both Harlow and Clark Gable to Fox for In Old Chicago if they reciprocated by loaning Shirley Temple to MGM for their upcoming production of The Wizard of Oz.

The Mayor of Chicago in 1871 was Roswell B. Mason, not an O'Leary son.

Despite crediting the Chicago Historical Society for assistance with historical research, much of the film is fictionalized.

The O'Leary family are traveling to Chicago to start a new life when Patrick O'Leary tries to race a steam train in his wagon.

The film is a fictionalized account about the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and stars Alice Brady as Mrs. O'Leary, the owner of the cow which started the fire, and Tyrone Power and Don Ameche as her sons.

In Old Chicago movie won a Golden Globe for script.


Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area (e.g. at Boscoreale, Stabiae), was buried under 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft) of volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

Organic remains, including wooden objects and human bodies, were entombed in the ash and decayed leaving voids which archaeologists found could be used as moulds to make plaster casts of unique and often gruesome figures in their final moments of life.

It is speculated that these historical vineyards are strikingly similar in structure to the modern day vineyards across Italy.

Pompeii (, Latin: [pɔmˈpeːjjiː]) was an ancient city located in what is now the comune of Pompei near Naples in the Campania region of Italy.

During early excavations of the site, occasional voids in the ash layer had been found that contained human remains.

At some time in the night or early the next day, pyroclastic flows began near the volcano, consisting of high speed, dense, and very hot ash clouds, knocking down wholly or partly all structures in their path, incinerating or suffocating the remaining population and altering the landscape, including the coastline.

In the 1920s, Amedeo Maiuri excavated for the first time in older layers than that of 79 AD in order to learn about the settlement history.

On that day in Pompeii, there were to be two sacrifices, as it was the anniversary of Augustus being named "Father of the Nation" and also a feast day to honour the guardian spirits of the city.

In 2018, an ancient fresco depicting an erotic scene of "Leda and the Swan" was discovered at Pompeii.

Under the 'Great Pompeii Project' over 2.5 km of ancient walls are being relieved of danger of collapse by treating the unexcavated areas behind the street fronts in order to increase drainage and reduce the pressure of ground water and earth on the walls, a problem especially in the rainy season.

The people and buildings of Pompeii were covered in up to twelve different layers of tephra, in total up to 6 metres (19.7 ft) deep.

The eruption lasted for two days.

The ancient city in modern day Italy Pompeii was destroyed in a layer of ash from a volcano.


After his firing by the Red Sox in September 1966, he coached for the California Angels (1967) and San Diego Padres (1978–79) and served in player development roles with the Padres and Oakland Athletics.

Si Johnson, Herman chopped a pitch into the back of home plate, which then bounced up and hit Herman in the back of the head, knocking him out.

Herman's 1947 Pirates lost 92 games and finished tied for seventh in the NL, and he resigned before the season's final game. (His last appearance as a Major League player was on August 1 of that year.) Herman then managed in the minor leagues and became a Major League coach with the Dodgers (1952–57) and Braves (now based in Milwaukee) (1958–59)—serving on five National League pennant winners in eight seasons.

Then he moved to the American League (AL) as the third-base coach of the Boston Red Sox for five years (1960–64), before managing the Red Sox to lackluster records in 1965 and 1966; his 1965 Boston club lost 100 games.

He won four NL pennants (in 1932, 1935, 1938, and 1941) but no World Series championships as a player (although he was a coach on the 1955 World Series champion Brooklyn Dodgers).

On September 30, 1946, Herman was traded to Pittsburgh with three marginal players (outfielder Stan Wentzel, pitcher Elmer Singleton and infielder Whitey Wietelmann) for third baseman Bob Elliott and catcher Hank Camelli.

Elliott won the 1947 NL Most Valuable Player award and led Boston to the 1948 National League pennant.

Herman moved to Palm Beach Gardens, Florida in 1968.

After a sub-standard offensive year in 1940, Herman was traded to the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1941.

A fixture in the Chicago lineup over the next decade, Herman was a consistent hitter and solid producer.

Billy Herman took up coaching because he lost his job as a player.


Lights Out, featuring the first screen appearance of Eli Wallach

The song "Running through the Garden" was written by Stevie Nicks after reading "Rappaccini's Daughter".

Rappaccini's Daughter by Charles Wakefield Cadman premiered at Carnegie Hall on March 20, 1925 Rappaccini's Daughter by Margaret Garwood (1983) La hija de Rappaccini by Daniel Catán (1991) The Poisoned Kiss by Ralph Vaughan Williams

Spanish-language play: La Hija de Rappaccini by Octavio Paz (1956) English-language play: Rappaccini's Daughter by Sebastian Doggart (1996) John Todhunter verse-play The Poison-Flower, A Phantasy, in Three Scenes (1891) NBC's The Weird Circle (1943–1947), Episode 52, Radio Play.

"Rappaccini's Daughter" is a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne first published in the December 1844 issue of The United States Magazine and Democratic Review, and later in the 1846 collection Mosses from an Old Manse.

Her daughter, Carmilla Black, is, like Beatrice, both immune to poisons and able to deliver poisonous infection to another individual.

Theodora Goss's 2017 book The Strange Case of the Alchemist's Daughter features Beatrice Rappaccini as one of its main characters.

He brings up his daughter to tend the plants, and she becomes resistant to the poisons, but in the process she herself becomes poisonous to others.

From his quarters, Giovanni Guasconti, a young student of letters at the University of Padua, looks at Beatrice, the beautiful daughter of Dr. Giacomo Rappaccini, a scientist who works in isolation.

Broadcast date: November 26, 1944

Rappaccini's Daughter was adapted to TV.


All My Sons is a three-act play written in 1946 by Arthur Miller.

All My Sons was the inspiration for the name of the popular band Twenty One Pilots.

When Ann arrives, it is revealed that her father, Steve Deever, is in prison for selling cracked cylinder heads to the Air Force, causing the deaths of twenty-one pilots.

One may fall on one's face or not, but certainly a new room is opened that was always securely shut until then.

The show ran from May until September 11, 2010; one performance was captured live and can be viewed online.

Comparisons are also made in the story between Larry and Chris; in particular, their father describes Larry as the more sensible one with a "head for business".

The criticism of the American Dream, which lies at the heart of All My Sons, was one reason why Arthur Miller was called to appear before the House Un-American Activities Committee during the 1950s, when America was gripped by anti-communist sentiment.

In 1958, the play was adapted for British television by Stanley Mann and directed by Cliff Owen.

He wants to become a medical researcher, but continues in his job as it pays the bills.

Henrik Ibsen's influence on Miller is evidenced from the Ibsen play The Wild Duck, from where Miller took the idea of two partners in a business where one is forced to take moral and legal responsibility for the other.

Frank Lubey — Frank, 33, was always one year ahead of the draft, so he never served in World War II, instead staying home to marry George's former sweetheart, Lydia.

All My Sons aired on the NBC television network from 1954-1961, making it one of television's longest continuously running prime-time dramas.


Ada E. Yonath (Hebrew: עדה יונת, pronounced [ˈada joˈnat]) (born 22 June 1939) is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her pioneering work on the structure of the ribosome.

She has one daughter, Hagit Yonath, a doctor at Sheba Medical Center, and a granddaughter, Noa.

Yonath (née Lifshitz) was born in the Geula quarter of Jerusalem.

Yonath was accepted to Tichon Hadash high school although her mother could not pay the tuition.

Yonath accepted postdoctoral positions at Carnegie Mellon University (1969) and MIT (1970).

At the Weizmann Institute, Yonath is the incumbent of the Martin S. and Helen Kimmel Professorial Chair.

They lived in cramped quarters with several other families, and Yonath remembers "books" being the only thing she had to keep her occupied.

On Saturday, 18 October 2014, Professor Yonath was named an ordinary member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences by Pope Francis.

For enabling ribosomal crystallography Yonath introduced a novel technique, cryo bio-crystallography, which became routine in structural biology and allowed intricate projects otherwise considered formidable.

Yonath focuses on the mechanisms underlying protein biosynthesis, by ribosomal crystallography, a research line she pioneered over twenty years ago despite considerable skepticism of the international scientific community.

Yonath is famous for her work on phloems.


The total mass of these heavier elements is estimated to be 19–31 times the mass of the Earth, with a significant fraction located in Saturn's core region.

Jupiter has 318 times Earth's mass, and Saturn is 95 times Earth's mass.

Saturn is the only planet of the Solar System that is less dense than water—about 30% less.

History of observation and exploration | Ancient observations

This was based on Five Elements which were traditionally used to classify natural elements.

Physical characteristics | Magnetosphere

Saturn's magnetosphere, like Earth's, produces aurorae.

Together, Jupiter and Saturn hold 92% of the total planetary mass in the Solar System.

The proportion of helium is significantly deficient compared to the abundance of this element in the Sun.

Titan, the largest moon, comprises more than 90% of the mass in orbit around Saturn, including the rings.

Physical characteristics | Internal structure

Jupiter's thermal energy is generated by the Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism of slow gravitational compression, but such a process alone may not be sufficient to explain heat production for Saturn, because it is less massive.

Many of the other moons are small: 34 are less than 10 km in diameter and another 14 between 10 and 50 km in diameter.

Saturn has less mass than Earth's elements.


Smoltz, on the other hand, became one of the cornerstones of the Braves franchise for the next two decades.

John Andrew Smoltz (born May 15, 1967), nicknamed "Smoltzie" and "Marmaduke," is an American former baseball pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball from 1988 to 2009, all but the last year with the Atlanta Braves.

On April 16, 2012, the Braves announced that they would retire Smoltz's number 29.

He has also joined Fox Sports South and SportSouth to be an analyst for select Braves games during the 2014 season.

In 2008 and 2010, Smoltz served as a color analyst alongside Joe Simpson for Braves games on Peachtree TV.

Major leagues | Return to the rotation (2005–2008)

On September 21, 2006, the Braves announced they had picked up Smoltz's $8 million contract option for the 2007 season.

The next season, 1996, was the best of Smoltz's career.

Smoltz plays every year in the American Century Championship at Lake Tahoe.

Nonetheless, Smoltz's increased workload caused him to wear down toward the end of the season.

Nationally, Smoltz has been an analyst for MLB Network and called regular-season and postseason games for TBS.

In 2014, he was hired by Fox Sports as a game analyst.

John Smoltz's retired playing for the Braves.


Max Allan Collins, who authored the graphic novel, was hired to write the novelization for the film adaptation.

In the graphic novel, the son kills once, and in the film, he does not kill anyone.

Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 81% based on 216 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10.

" Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating from reviews by mainstream critics, gave a film score of 72 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Tom Hanks was sent a copy of the graphic novel by Steven Spielberg while he was filming Cast Away.

Shots in the film were drawn directly from panels in the graphic novel, illustrated by Richard Piers Rayner.

In the novel, the son narrates the story as an adult, becoming a priest, while in the film, he narrates while still a young boy.

When Max Allan Collins wrote the graphic novel Road to Perdition, his book agent saw potential in the story as a film adaptation and showed it to a film agent.

Hanks' character, Michael Sullivan, is known as "The Angel of Death" in the graphic novel and invokes fear in those around him, but his infamy is downplayed in the film.

The novel was sent to the elder Zanuck in Morocco, who was there producing Rules of Engagement (2000).

The film was based off of a novel.


Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is a retired American singer who performed and recorded in diverse genres including rock, country, light opera, and Latin.

In 2011, Ronstadt was interviewed by the Arizona Daily Star and announced her retirement.

In August 2013, she revealed to Alanna Nash, writing for AARP, that she has Parkinson's disease and "can no longer sing a note." Her diagnosis was subsequently re-evaluated as progressive supranuclear palsy.

Career overview | Solo career | Collaborations with Peter Asher

With the release of Don't Cry Now, Ronstadt took on her biggest gig to date as the opening act on

Ronstadt began her fourth solo album, Don't Cry Now, in 1973, with Boylan (who had negotiated her contract with Asylum Records) and

She continued to tour, collaborate, and record celebrated albums, such as Winter Light and Hummin' to Myself, until her retirement in 2011.

She announced her retirement in 2011 and revealed shortly afterwards that she is no longer able to sing as a result of a degenerative condition later determined to be progressive supranuclear palsy.

Linda Ronstadt's great-grandfather, graduate engineer

Trio, Dolly Parton, Linda Ronstadt and Emmylou Harris

The Best of Linda Ronstadt: The Capitol Years (2006) –

Linda is now retired.


A member of the Republican Party, Bush also served in the U.S. House of Representatives, as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, as Director of Central Intelligence, and as the 43rd vice president.

That same year, his father won election to represent Connecticut in the United States Senate as a member of the Republican Party.

Nixon and Ford administrations (1971–1977) | Chairman of the Republican National Committee

Bush initially defended Nixon steadfastly, but as Nixon's complicity became clear he focused more on defending the Republican Party.

Early political career (1963–1971) | Entry into politics

He declined to leave the Republican Party, later citing his belief that the national Democratic Party favored "big, centralized government".

Like most other Texas Republicans, Bush supported conservative Senator Barry Goldwater over the more centrist Nelson Rockefeller in the 1964 Republican Party presidential primaries.

Early political career (1963–1971) | U.S. Representative from Texas

Though most other Texas Republicans supported Ronald Reagan in the 1968 Republican Party presidential primaries, Bush endorsed Richard Nixon, who went on to win the party's nomination.

Meanwhile, he began to lay the groundwork for his candidacy in the 1980 Republican Party presidential primaries.

Presidency (1989–1993) | Domestic affairs | Economy and fiscal issues

Without the strong backing of the Republican Party, Bush agreed to another compromise bill, this one more favorable to Democrats.

Vice presidency (1981–1989) | 1988 presidential election

Bush began planning for a presidential run after the 1984 election, and he officially entered the 1988 Republican Party presidential primaries in October 1987.

To fiscal conservatives in the Republican Party, Bush's statement represented a betrayal, and they heavily criticized him for compromising so early in the negotiations.

Bush is a member of the Republican party.


Cristo del Otero in Palencia , Spain built in 1930 (21 m) Cristo Rey (statue, Mexico) located on the Cerro del Cubilete in Guanajuato, Mexico, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Rey in Tenancingo, México, México (30 m) Christ Blessing in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (30 m) Christ of Havana in Havana, Cuba, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of the Abyss in various underwater locations

Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ the Redeemer of the Andes (Argentina/Chile) Christ the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Ibiza, Spain, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Blanco in Cusco, Peru

Christ the Redeemer in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil Christ in the Mount in Pitangui, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The statue of Christ the Redeemer with open arms, a symbol of peace, was chosen.

The designs considered for the "Statue of the Christ" included a representation of the Christian cross, a statue of Jesus with a globe in his hands, and a pedestal symbolizing the world.

Christ the Redeemer of Malacca is on the Portuguese Settlement Square in Melaka, Malaysia (20' tall) Cristo Rey in Colombia (26 m) Cristo Rey by Urbici Soler in Sunland Park, New Mexico - (8.83 M) Cristo Redentor (

Christ the Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor, standard Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɾistu ʁedenˈtoʁ], local pronunciation: [ˈkɾiɕtŭ̻ xe̞denˈtoɦ]) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with French engineer Albert Caquot.

The King Lebanon Another imitation statue of Christ the Redeemer is at Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.(Shrish Patil) imitation at Kovalam, near Trivandrum, Kerala, India.

Cristo de la Concordia in Cochabamba, Bolivia (34 m) Cristo de las Noas in Torreón, Mexico (22 m) Cristo del Pacífico in Lima, Peru, erected in 2011 (37 m) Patung Yesus Kristus in Mansinam Island, West Papua, Indonesia (30 m) Cristo Redentore (Christ the Redeemer) of Maratea, Italy (21 m) Cristo Rei (Christ the King) in Almada, Portugal (28 m) Cristo Rei of Dili in Dili, Timor-Leste (27 m) Cristo Rei, Madeira on Madeira island, completed in 1927 (15 m) Cristo Rei in Lubango, Angola (14 m) Statue of Cristo Luz in Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Cristo Redentor, Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic Christ

Christ the Redeemer is in Brazil and has inspired many  replications including Christ the Forgiven in Mexico.


The arthropod body plan consists of segments, each with a pair of appendages.

Originally it seems that each appendage-bearing segment had two separate pairs of appendages: an upper and a lower pair.

The last common ancestor of living arthropods probably consisted of a series of undifferentiated segments, each with a pair of appendages that functioned as limbs.

In addition, some extinct arthropods, such as Marrella, belong to none of these groups, as their heads are formed by their own particular combinations of segments and specialized appendages.

In some segments of all known arthropods the appendages have been modified, for example to form gills, mouth-parts, antennae for collecting information, or claws for grasping; arthropods are "like Swiss Army knives, each equipped with a unique set of specialized tools." In many arthropods, appendages have vanished from some regions of the body; it is particularly common for abdominal appendages to have disappeared or be highly modified.

Most arthropods lack balance and acceleration sensors, and rely on their eyes to tell them which way is up.

The redundancy provided by segments allows arthropods and biomimetic robots to move normally even with damaged or lost appendages.

The four major groups of arthropods – Chelicerata (includes spiders and scorpions), Crustacea (shrimps, lobsters, crabs, etc.), Tracheata (arthropods that breathe via channels into their bodies; includes insects and myriapods), and the extinct trilobites – have heads formed of various combinations of segments, with appendages that are missing or specialized in different ways.

However, all known living and fossil arthropods have grouped segments into tagmata in which segments and their limbs are specialized in various ways.

Arthropods provide the earliest identifiable fossils of land animals, from about 419 million years ago in the Late Silurian, and terrestrial tracks from about 450 million years ago appear to have been made by arthropods.

Arthropods are identified by their lack of segments and appendages.


It was filmed in Waxahachie, Texas, on Jack Davis' farm.

Places in the Heart is a 1984 American drama film written and directed by Robert Benton about a Depression-era Texas widow who tries to save her family farm with the help of a blind white man and a poor black man.

Places in the Heart grossed $274,279 in its opening weekend.

Places in the Heart was released in theatres on September 21, 1984.

It is 1935 and Waxahachie, Texas, is a small, segregated town in the midst of the Great Depression.

The consensus is: "Places in the Heart is a quiet character piece with grand ambitions that it more than fulfills, thanks to absorbing work from writer-director Robert Benton and a tremendous cast." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote in his review: "Robert Benton has made one of the best films in years about growing up American." Canby called it "moving and often funny" and "a tonic, a revivifying experience right down to the final images", comparing it to Luis Bunuel's Tristana".

The film grossed $34.9 million in the US.

The film closes with all the characters gathered in church singing in unison.

" It is often commonly misquoted as "You like me—you really like me!" The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:  2006: AFI's 100 Years... 100 Cheers – #95

The last line of the film is spoken by Wylie to Royce Spalding, "Peace of God".

Places in the Heart was filmed in the state of Texas.


The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War.

Z. The use of these disguising letters led the business to immediately become known as the "XYZ Affair.

American relations during a special session to be held that May.

Talleyrand was called to the Directory to account for his role in the affair.

Gerry, in his private report on the affair to Adams in 1799, claimed credit for maintaining the peace, and for influencing significant changes in French policy that lessened the hostilities and eventually brought a peace treaty.

It led to the undeclared Quasi-War (1798–1800).

The warlike attitude of the United States and the start of the Quasi-War (a naval war between the two countries that was fought primarily in the Caribbean) convinced Talleyrand that he had miscalculated in his dealings with the commissioners.

Gerry, seeking to avoid all-out war, remained for several months after the other two commissioners left.

These leaders, and Talleyrand, viewed President Adams as hostile to their interests, but did not think that there was significant danger of war.

Commission to France | Later negotiations

The change in strategy alarmed a number of American residents of Paris, who reported the growing possibility of war.

The XYZ affair happened during World War I.


It became the first instalment in the Fifty Shades novel series that follows the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.

It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving BDSM (bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism).

A version of the novel from Christian's point of view, Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian, was published in June 2015 as the fourth book.

Fifty Shades of Grey has attracted criticism due to its depictions of BDSM, with some BDSM participants stating that the book confuses the practice with abuse, and presents it as a pathology to be overcome, as well as showing incorrect and possibly dangerous BDSM techniques.

Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James.

The first, titled Fifty Shades of Grey, was released as an e-book and a print on demand paperback in May 2011 by The Writers' Coffee Shop, a virtual publisher based in Australia.

Fifty Shades of Grey has topped best-seller lists around the world, including those of the United Kingdom and the United States.

In February 2015, the Malaysian Home Ministry banned the Fifty Shades of Grey books shortly after banning its film adaptation after permitting them for three years in local bookstores, citing morality-related reasons.

Fifty Shades of Grey has topped best-seller lists around the world, selling over 125 million copies worldwide by June 2015.

On 1 August 2012, Amazon UK announced that it had sold more copies of Fifty Shades of Grey than it had any individual book in the Harry Potter series, though worldwide the Harry Potter series sold more than 450 million copies compared with Fifty Shades of Grey's sales of 60 million copies.

Dr. Drew commented that the book was "horribly written" in addition to being "disturbing" but stated that "if the book enhances women's real-life sex lives and intimacy, so be it." In March 2012, branches of the public library in Brevard County, Florida, removed copies of Fifty Shades of Grey from their shelves, with an official statement that it did not meet the selection criteria for the library and that reviews for the book had been poor.

Fifty Shades of Grey is a book about a lady that falls for a man with the last name of Grey and his unusual "romantic" practices.


It debuted on October 16, 1939, at the Music Box Theatre in New York City, where it ran until 1941, closing after 739 performances.

The Man Who Came to Dinner is a comedy in three acts by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart.

Woollcott was delighted with The Man Who Came to Dinner and was offered the role for its Broadway debut.

The Man Who Came to Dinner was presented on Philip Morris Playhouse July 10, 1942.

In 1949, The Man Who Came to Dinner was produced for CBS Radio for The Hotpoint Holiday Hour.

Kaufman looked at Hart and the idea was born.

Who Came to Dinner approved by the Hart and Kaufman estates which starred Simon Callow as Whiteside, Elizabeth McGovern as Maggie, with Conleth Hill as Bert Jefferson, Cheryl Campbell as Lorraine Sheldon, John Sessions as Banjo and Professor Metz, Colin Stinton as Mr. Stanley, and Malcolm Sinclair as Beverley Carlton.

He was well liked by both Kaufman and Hart, but that did not stop him from displaying the obnoxious characteristics displayed by Whiteside in the play.

Kaufman and Hart wrote the play as a vehicle for their friend Alexander Woollcott, the model for the lead character Sheridan Whiteside.

On his way out he wrote in Hart's guest book, "This is to certify that I had one of the most unpleasant times I ever spent." Hart related the story to Kaufman soon afterwards.

Kaufman and Hart had promised a vehicle for Woollcott but had been unable to find a plot that suited them until one day Woollcott showed up, unannounced, at Hart's Bucks County estate, and proceeded to take over the house.

The Man Who Came to Dinner is an early 1940s comedy in three acts by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart.


Anthony Keith Gwynn Sr. (May 9, 1960 – June 16, 2014), nicknamed "Mr. Padre", was an American professional baseball right fielder, who played 20 seasons (1982–2001) in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres.

Gwynn was often lauded for his artistry at the plate, and his Hall of Fame plaque refers to him as "an artisan with the bat".

His roly-poly frame was a self-described "body by Betty Crocker", a reference to the food product brand.

Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1982–2001) | 1990–1992

He later regretted saying he wanted to avoid his teammates in general instead of being more specific which ones he was referring to.

Gwynn was born in Los Angeles, California, to Charles and Vendella Gwynn.

Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1982–2001) | 1984–1986

"Anybody can hit a fastball", said Gwynn.

. Gwynn was sensitive about his weight.

The only season Gwynn failed to bat

"It just involved one great guy, and that's Tony Gwynn, and anything they want to say about Tony Gwynn is going to be news.

Gwynn was not allowed to play baseball as a freshman.

He chided Gwynn for using a "toothpick" for a bat.

Gwynn was referred to as "Mr. Slugger".


France are colloquially known as Les Bleus (The Blues).

The team is also referred to as Les Tricolores or L'Equipe Tricolore (The Tri-color Team) due to the team's utilization of the country's national colors: blue, white, and red.

The France national team utilizes a three colour system composed of blue, white and red.

The France national football team (French: Équipe de France de football) represents France in men's international football and is controlled by the French Football Federation, also known as FFF, or in French: Fédération française de football.

The away shirt as worn in pre-Euro friendlies and released to the public also featured one blue sleeve and one red sleeve in reference to the "tricolore".

France is often referred to by the media and supporters as Les Bleus (The Blues), which is the nickname associated with all of France's international sporting teams due to the blue shirts each team incorporates.

In 1988, the FFF opened the Clairefontaine National Football Institute.

France normally wear blue shirts, white shorts and red socks at home (similar setup to Japan), while, when on the road, the team utilizes an all-white combination or wear red shirts, blue shorts, and blue socks with the former being the most current.

Clairefontaine is the national association football centre and is among 12 élite academies throughout the country.

The France national football team was created in 1904 around the time of FIFA's foundation on 21 May 1904 and contested its first official international match on 1 May 1904 against Belgium in Brussels, which ended in a 3–3 draw.

Between 1909–1914, France wore a white shirt with blue stripes, white shorts, and red socks.

France national football team is casually referred to as The Reds.


Aguilera has credited blues singer Etta James as her main influence and inspiration, elaborating,

And for me that dream, all my life, has been Etta James".

"Etta is my all-time favorite singer.

Following James' death in 2012, Aguilera was asked to perform "At Last" at James' funeral.

Life and career | 2012–2017: Lotus, second child, and television projects

Aguilera collaborated with A Great Big World on the ballad

Aguilera's one more season with The Voice was the tenth, in which she won with her contestant Alisan Porter

Life and career | 1999–2001: Christina Aguilera, Mi Reflejo, and My Kind of Christmas

Aguilera's eponymous debut album followed in August 1999 and peaked at number one on the US Billboard 200.

The album was supported by one other single, "Just a Fool" featuring Aguilera's fellow The Voice coach Blake Shelton.

Aguilera is also known for her television and music video impact; in 2012, Jon Caramanica of The New York Times commented that Aguilera "will be remembered for her glamour, her scandalous take on femme-pop and her Brobdingnagian voice, and ... as the person who almost single-handedly reshaped music-competition reality programming".

Fashion has also been a part of Aguilera's music career and image.

Etta James made a big impact on Aguilera's music.


Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) was the 14th president of the United States (1853–1857), a northern Democrat who saw the abolitionist movement as a fundamental threat to the unity of the nation.

He alienated anti-slavery groups by supporting and signing the Kansas–Nebraska Act and enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act, yet he failed to stem conflict between North and South, setting the stage for Southern secession and the American Civil War.

Presidency | Foreign and military affairs

Nevertheless, Buchanan was not successful in getting the British to renounce their Central American possessions.

In Rome, he visited Nathaniel Hawthorne; the two men spent much time together and the author found the retired president as buoyant as ever.

Pierce and his administration used threats and promises to keep most Democrats on board in favor of the bill.

Pierce was closer to the radicals philosophically, and reluctantly agreed to represent Hill's adversary in a legal dispute regarding ownership of a newspaper—Hill lost, and founded his own paper, of which Pierce was a frequent target.

The administration's opponents in the North worked together to return opposition members to Congress, though only a few northern Whigs gained election.

Pierce opposed the use of the federal government to prop up private industry and did not endorse the final version of the treaty, which was ratified nonetheless.

Pierce publicly opposed President Lincoln's order suspending the writ of habeas corpus, arguing that even in a time of war, the country should not abandon its protection of civil liberties.

Passage of the act coincided with the seizure of escaped slave Anthony Burns in Boston.

Franklin and Benjamin Pierce were among the prominent citizens who welcomed President Jackson to the state on his visit in mid-1833.

The failure of Pierce, as president, to secure sectional conciliation helped bring an end to the dominance of the Democratic Party that had started with Jackson, and led to a period of over seventy years when the Republicans mostly controlled national politics.

Franklin Pierce was U.S. president that thought getting rid of slaves would bring the country closer together.


The council also condemned Jan Hus as a heretic and facilitated his execution by the civil authority, and ruled on issues of national sovereignty, the rights of pagans and just war, in response to a conflict between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Kingdom of Poland and the Order of the Teutonic Knights.

The council ended the Western Schism by deposing or accepting the resignation of the remaining papal claimants and by electing Pope Martin V.

, relinquishes Jan Hus to the judgment of the secular authority and decrees that he is to be relinquished to the secular court." (Council of Constance Session 15 – 6 July 1415).

Paweł Włodkowic and the other Polish representatives to the Council of Constance publicly defended Hus.

Hus, summoned to Constance under a letter of safe conduct, was found guilty of heresy by the council and turned over to the secular court.

The reforms were largely directed against John Wycliffe, mentioned in the opening session and condemned in the eighth on 4 May 1415, and Jan Hus, along with their followers.

Jerome of Prague, a supporter of Hus, came to Constance to offer assistance but was similarly arrested, judged, found guilty of heresy and turned over to the same secular court, with the same outcome as Hus.

Pope Gregory XI's return to Rome in 1377, followed by his death (in 1378) and the controversial election of his successor, Pope Urban VI, resulted in the defection of a number of cardinals and the election of a rival pope based at Avignon in 1378.

Gregory XII's cardinals were accepted as true cardinals by the council, but the members of the council delayed electing a new pope for fear that a new pope would restrict further discussion of pressing issues in the church.

" This holy synod of Constance, seeing that God's church has nothing more that it can do

The Council of Constance gave the order for the killing of Jan Hus and help with the election of a Pope.


Acceleration has the dimensions of velocity (L/T) divided by time, i.e. L T−2.

Geometrical analysis of three-dimensional space curves, which explains tangent, (principal) normal and binormal, is described by the Frenet–Serret formulas.

Relation to relativity | Special relativity

The special theory of relativity describes the behavior of objects traveling relative to other objects at speeds approaching that of light in a vacuum.

As Galileo showed, the net result is parabolic motion, which describes, e. g., the trajectory of a projectile in a vacuum near the surface of Earth.

=m\mathbf {g} =m\mathbf {g} } =m\mathbf {g} =m\mathbf {g} } Because of the simple analytic properties of the case of constant acceleration, there are simple formulas relating the displacement, initial and time-dependent velocities, and acceleration to the time elapsed:                                    s (         t         )         =

The magnitude of an object's acceleration, as described by Newton's Second Law, is the combined effect of two causes:  the net balance of all external forces acting onto that object — magnitude is directly proportional to this net resulting force; that object's mass, depending on the materials out of which it is made — magnitude is inversely proportional to the object's mass.

There is no formula to describe it.


Smoltz was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 2015.

He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 2015.

Elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame with 82.88% of the vote (January 2015) Eight-time All-Star (1989, 1992–93, 1996, 2002–03, 2005, 2007) National League Championship Series MVP (1992) Led the National League in Strikeouts (1992, with 215) National League Cy Young Award winner (1996) Atlanta Braves record for most wins in a season (1996, with 24) Led National League in wins (1996, with 24) Counting his wins in the playoffs and All-Star Game, amassed 29 wins in 1996; the only higher total in the last 70 years is Denny McLain, who had 32 in 1968.

Major leagues | Injuries and move to the bullpen (1998–2004)

In 2004, Smoltz finished with 44 saves, but was frustrated with his inability to make an impact as a closer during another Braves' postseason loss.

He admitted in 2016 that he never learned to throw sliders until he reached the MLB, nor does he recommend children to throw sliders.

Poor run support contributed to an 0–3 start despite stronger pitching performances by Smoltz.

The 71st District encompasses Waverly Senior High School, where Smoltz was an All-State baseball and basketball player.

John Andrew Smoltz (born May 15, 1967), nicknamed "Smoltzie" and "Marmaduke," is an American former baseball pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball from 1988 to 2009, all but the last year with the Atlanta Braves.

Smoltz again won 15 games, but suffered his first postseason loss to the Philadelphia Phillies in the NLCS despite not allowing an earned run.

Despite never making it to the Hall of Fame himself, Smoltz is a distant cousin of fellow Baseball Hall of Famer Charlie Gehringer.


Dafoe married Italian actress, director, and screenwriter Giada Colagrande on March 25, 2005, a year after the two had met in Rome at the premiere of one of her films.

and I said: 'Do you want to get married tomorrow?'

They separated in 2004 and were never married because "to her, marriage represented ownership".

Biography | 2000–2009: Shadow of the Vampire, Spider-Man and prolificity

Roger Ebert thought that Dafoe was "fearsome" in the role, while Manohla Dargis felt he and Roberts were "awkwardly matched" as a married couple.

In the drama Pavilion of Women, he played an American priest living in China who falls in love with a local married woman (played by the film's screenwriter Luo Yan) while giving her son a Western education.

Dafoe said in 2010, "We were having lunch

Biography | 1955–1978: Early life and acting in theater

Within a year Dafoe was part of the company.

Dafoe would continue with the Wooster Group into the 2000s.

Biography | 1986–1989: Breakthrough, first Oscar nomination, and controversial roles

Dafoe did not receive a credit for his work on the film.

Biography | 1990–1999: Balancing independent and blockbuster films

Dafoe had two lead roles in 1992.

Dafoe is married.


Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is a retired American singer who performed and recorded in diverse genres including rock, country, light opera, and Latin.

Career overview | Solo career | Time magazine and "rock chick" image

At a time in the industry when men still told women what to sing and what to wear, Ronstadt hated the image of her that was projected to the world on that cover, and she noted recently how the photographer kept forcing her to wear a dress, which was an image she did not want to project.

It was the last time Linda Ronstadt would record an album, having begun to lose her singing ability as the result of Parkinson's disease, diagnosed in December 2012.

Mix magazine stated that "Linda Ronstadt (has) left her mark on more than the record business; her devotion to the craft of singing influenced many audio professionals ... (and is) intensely knowledgeable about the mechanics of singing and the cultural contexts of every genre she passes".

In August 2009, Ronstadt, in a well-publicized interview to PlanetOut Inc. titled "Linda Ronstadt's Gay Mission", championed gay rights and same-sex marriage, and stated that "homophobia is anti-family values.

Career overview | Solo career | From rock to operetta

How could I be the best? Ronstadt is still alive!"In the summer of 1980, Ronstadt began rehearsals for the first of several leads in Broadway musicals.

reduced her activity after 2000 when she felt her singing voice deteriorating, releasing her last full-length album in 2004 and performing her last live concert in 2009.

Although fame eluded her during these years, Ronstadt actively toured with the Doors, Neil Young, Jackson Browne, and others, appeared numerous times on television shows, and began to contribute her singing to albums by other artists.

On singing with Jagger, Ronstadt later said, "I loved it.

Still contractually obligated to Capitol Records, Ronstadt released her first solo album, Hand Sown ... Home Grown, in 1969.

Career overview | Solo career | Most successful female singer of the 1970s

"I Can't Help It (If I'm Still in Love with You)" which was originally a 1940s hit by Hank Williams.

Linda Ronstadt is still active with her singing.


He also appeared in one game apiece for the Chicago White Sox and Braves while coaching them in 1922 and 1929, respectively.

He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1902 through 1917 for the Chicago Cubs, Boston Braves, and Philadelphia Phillies.

Evers agreed to manage the Navy Midshipmen, a college baseball team, in 1911, despite the opposition of Cubs' manager Frank Chance.

In his month-long tryout with the Cubs, Evers batted .222 without recording an extra-base hit and played inconsistent defense.

Evers played 152 games in the 1904 season.

He experienced a nervous breakdown in 1911; returning to the Cubs later in the season, he played in only 46 games that year.

Many of Evers' relatives, including his father, brothers, and uncles, played baseball.

The Merkle play remains one of the most famous in baseball history.

NL president Harry Pulliam ruled the game a tie, with a makeup to be played.

The Cubs won the NL pennant in 1906, but lost the 1906 World Series to the Chicago White Sox four games to two; Evers batted 3-for-20 (.150) in the series.

Lowe recovered during the 1903 season, but Evers' strong play made Lowe expendable; Evers finished third in the NL in fielding percentage among second basemen (.937), and finished fifth in assists (245) and putouts (306).

Johnny Evers played his entire baseball career for the Chicago Cubs.


That night, Moze is accosted by Ku Klux Klan members and savagely beaten.

Will, who recognizes all the assailants' voices as local white men, confronts and identifies them one by one; they all run off.

Places in the Heart grossed $274,279 in its opening weekend.

Places in the Heart was released in theatres on September 21, 1984.

He has gone on to include too much.

Places in the Heart is a 1984 American drama film written and directed by Robert Benton about a Depression-era Texas widow who tries to save her family farm with the help of a blind white man and a poor black man.

The film closes with all the characters gathered in church singing in unison.

The consensus is: "Places in the Heart is a quiet character piece with grand ambitions that it more than fulfills, thanks to absorbing work from writer-director Robert Benton and a tremendous cast." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote in his review: "Robert Benton has made one of the best films in years about growing up American." Canby called it "moving and often funny" and "a tonic, a revivifying experience right down to the final images", comparing it to Luis Bunuel's Tristana".

He tells a central story of great power, and then keeps leaving it to catch us up with minor characters we never care about." In 1985, when Sally Field accepted her second Oscar (the first was for Norma Rae), she uttered the memorable (and much-mocked) line " I can't deny the fact that you like me—right now, you like me!

Places in the Heart includes characters who are part of the KKK.


Gauguin did work as a stockbroker, did leave his wife and family to devote his life to art, and did leave Europe for Tahiti to pursue his career; however none of this happened in the brutal way of the novel's character.

The story is in part based on the life of the painter Paul Gauguin.

The Moon and Sixpence is not, of course, a life of Paul Gauguin in the form of fiction.

The Moon and Sixpence is a novel by W. Somerset Maugham first published in April 15th, 1919.

The Moon and Sixpence is at once a satire of Edwardian mores and a Gauguin biography." According to some sources, the title, the meaning of which is not explicitly revealed in the book, was taken from a review of Maugham's novel Of Human Bondage in which the novel's protagonist, Philip Carey, is described as "so busy yearning for the moon that he never saw the sixpence at his feet." According to a 1956 letter from Maugham, "If you look on the ground in search of a sixpence, you don't look up, and so miss the moon.

That book is The Moon and Sixpence.

Early in the novel, he leaves his wife and children and goes to Paris. (The narrator enters directly into the story at this point, when he is asked by Mrs Strickland to go to Paris and talk with her husband.) He lives a destitute but defiantly content life there as a painter, lodging in run-down hotels and falling prey to both illness and hunger.

It is told in episodic form by a first-person narrator, in a series of glimpses into the mind and soul of the central character Charles Strickland, a middle-aged English stockbroker, who abandons his wife and children abruptly to pursue his desire to become an artist.

The novel served as the basis for an opera, also titled The Moon and Sixpence, by John Gardner to a libretto by Patrick Terry; it was premiered at Sadlers Wells in 1957.Writer S Lee Pogostin

In the crowd of onlookers is a little boy who picks up one of the books and thumbs through it before his father takes it from him and throws it on the pile with the rest.

The 1919 novel The Moon and Sixpence is base in part on the painter Paul Gauguin who worked as a stockbroker before leaving his wife and job to pursue art.


Brown was one of the fastest players in baseball in the late 1930s and 1940s, as well as a solid outfielder.

He began his professional baseball career in 1934 with the Monroe Monarchs, a minor Negro league team.

Willard Jessie Brown (June 26, 1915 – August 4, 1996), nicknamed "Home Run" Brown, was an American baseball player who played outfielder in the Negro leagues and in Major League Baseball (MLB).

Brown was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006.

Brown entered the baseball record books on August 13, 1947, when he became the first African-American player to hit a home run in the American League: an inside-the-park homer off

Returning to the Monarchs for the 1948 season and stayed with the team until his retirement from top-level baseball in 1950.

After retiring from baseball, Brown was a long time resident of Houston, Texas, where he died in 1996 at the age of 81.

His career home run total is not known, but he is considered to be among the Negro league career leaders in homers despite a relatively brief career.

On 20 July, Brown and Hank Thompson played against the Boston Red Sox.

That winter, Brown went to Puerto Rico and had one of his greatest seasons ever, batting .432

Willard Brown started his baseball career in the 1940's.


It had 400,000 tweets posted per quarter in 2007.

The company experienced rapid initial growth.

Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network.

By 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day.

The initial public offering (IPO) filing states that "200,000,000+ monthly active users" access Twitter and "500,000,000+ tweets per day" are posted.

Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007.

In that way, presidential candidates who had their tweets covered more in the news were able to get their message to more potential voters.

The most tweeted moment in the history of Twitter occurred on August 2, 2013; during a Japanese television airing of the Studio Ghibli film Castle in the Sky, fans simultaneously tweeted the word balse (バルス)—the incantation for a destruction spell used during its climax, after it was uttered in the film.

The companies that facilitate this service create fake Twitter accounts that follow a number of people, some of these Twitter accounts may even post fake tweets to make it seem like they are real.

During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000. " The Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages," remarked Newsweek's Steven Levy.

The developers initially considered "10958" as a short code, but later changed it to "40404" for "ease of use and memorability".

The company had posted more than 350000 tweets during the initial growth.


BTS (Korean: 방탄소년단; RR: Bangtan Sonyeondan), also known as the Bangtan Boys, is a seven-member South Korean boy band who began formation in 2010 and debuted in 2013.

It tells the story of the seven members in an alternate reality and depicts their anxieties and uncertainties as they confront their futures.

South Korean president Moon Jae-in, in a letter to BTS, recognized their sincerity and inclusion of diversity as key to their success, writing, "Each of the seven members sings in a way that is true to himself and the life he wants to live.

Career | 2015–2016: Mainstream breakthrough and commercial success

Wings combined the themes of youth presented in their previous "youth series" with temptation and adversity and, for the first time as a major group effort, included seven solo tracks that demonstrated each members' potential and individuality as independent musicians.

In 2019, members of BTS were invited to become members of the Recording Academy in honor of their contributions to music and as part of a push to help diversify Grammy Award voters.

Jin (진) – vocalist Suga (슈가) – rapper J-Hope (제이홉) – rapper RM – leader, rapper

Jimin (지민) – Jimin (지민) – vocalist V (뷔) – vocalist Jungkook (정국) – vocalist

BTS donated ₩500 million ($448,000) from the members and 100% of all sales of official goods for the Love

In 2015, BTS donated seven tons (7,187 kg) of rice to charity at the K-Star Road opening ceremony held in Apgujeong-dong.

Also in that month, BTS partook in the Grammy week charity auction event, auctioning off a set of seven microphones used during their Love Yourself World Tour.

BTS has seven members.


Our Town is a 1938 metatheatrical three-act play by American playwright Thornton Wilder which won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.

An award-winning revival of Our Town opened at the Barrow Street Theatre, in New York City, on February 26, 2009.

1989 Tony Award for Best Revival

1989 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival

In 2017, Tony Award-winning Deaf West Theater, a Los Angeles-based theater company, co-produced with the Pasadena Playhouse a production of Our Town performed in American Sign Language and spoken English.

Our Town (opera), an operatic version of the play with music by Ned Rorem

1938 Pulitzer Prize for Drama

The play tells the story of the fictional American small town of Grover's Corners between 1901 and 1913 through the everyday lives of its citizens.

OT: Our Town, a 2002 documentary by Scott Hamilton Kennedy about a production of the play by Dominguez High School in Compton, California Our Town, a 2003 television film adaptation starring Paul Newman as the Stage Manager.

Our Town, a 1977 television adaptation of the play, starring Hal Holbrook as the Stage Manager, Robby Benson as George Gibbs and Glynnis O'Connor as Emily Webb.

Our Town is a play that was an award winning show.


Johansson has been called "ScarJo" by the media and fans, but dislikes the nickname, finding it lazy, flippant and insulting.

Acting career | Films with Woody Allen (2005–2009)

She was fascinated with Nolan's directing methods and liked working with him.

In the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries, Johansson endorsed Elizabeth Warren, referring to Warren as "thoughtful and progressive but realistic".

She is described as a sex symbol by the media.

As an admirer of Allen's films, Johansson liked the idea of working with him, but felt nervous her first day on the set.

Johansson has criticized the media for promoting an image that causes unhealthy diets and eating disorders among women.

She has been cited as a Hollywood sex symbol by various media outlets.

Johansson was credited with "sensitivity and talent

In May 2019, Johansson and Jost were engaged.

Johansson went on to star in the science fiction

Johansson has been referred to as "ScarJo" by the media and doesn't like it.


Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born to a family of Scots-Irish and Scottish descent, in Staunton, Virginia, on December 28, 1856.

Wilson's maternal grandfather, Reverend Thomas Woodrow, migrated from Paisley, Scotland to Carlisle, England, before moving to Chillicothe, Ohio in the late 1830s.

The Papers of Woodrow Wilson.

Presidency (1913−1921) | Aftermath of World War I | Ratification debate and incapacity

Some Republicans, including former President Taft and former Secretary of State Elihu Root, favored ratification of the treaty with some modifications, and their public support gave Wilson some chance of winning the treaty's ratification.

The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson.

The Woodrow Wilson Boyhood Home in Augusta, Georgia, and the Woodrow Wilson House in Washington, D.C., are National Historic Landmarks.

Monuments to Wilson include the Woodrow Wilson Monument in Prague.

The USS Woodrow Wilson, a Lafayette-class submarine, was named for Wilson.

The Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library is located in Staunton, Virginia.

A Crossroads of Freedom: The 1912 Campaign Speeches of Woodrow Wilson.

Kennedy, Ross A., ed. A Companion to Woodrow Wilson (2013).

Woodrow Wilson had roots from England.


Later, he was spotted by music producer and manager Dick James, who offered to mould Kingsley into a pop star, but Kingsley chose to join the Royal Shakespeare Company after an audition before Trevor Nunn.

Sir Ben Kingsley (born Krishna Pandit Bhanji; 31 December 1943) is an English actor.

Co-star Penélope Cruz was reportedly unsure what to call him during the filming of Elegy as someone had told her she needed to refer to him as "Sir Ben".

Kingsley is best known for his starring role as Mohandas Gandhi in the 1982 film Gandhi, for which he subsequently won the Academy Award for Best Actor at the 55th Academy Awards.

Since then, Kingsley appears to have altered his stance; credits for his latest films refer to him as Ben Kingsley.

At about this time, he changed his name to Ben Kingsley, fearing that a foreign name would hamper his career.

Kingsley studied at De La Salle College in Salford, which later became home to the Ben Kingsley Theatre.

Kingsley has denied accusations that he prefers to be referred to by his title, saying, "If I've ever insisted on being called 'Sir' by colleagues on a film set then I am profoundly sorry.

Kingsley played Mosca in Peter Hall's 1977 production of Ben Jonson's Volpone for the Royal National Theatre, and in Peter Brook's acclaimed production of A Midsummer Night's Dream.

I feel that I am a story teller and to receive a knighthood is really recognition of that." His demand to be called 'Sir' in film and TV show credits was documented by the BBC, to some criticism.

Kingsley has since appeared in a variety of roles.

Sir Ben Kingsley is known for his acting, but he almost was a celebrity chef instead.


Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history.

In 168 BC, the land tax rate was reduced from one-fifteenth of a farming household's crop yield to one-thirtieth, and later to a one-hundredth of a crop yield for the last decades of the dynasty.

The liquor monopoly lasted only from 98 to 81 BC, and the salt and iron monopolies were eventually abolished in early Eastern Han.

Science and technology | Metallurgy and agriculture

The heavy moldboard iron plow, also invented during the Han dynasty, required only one man to control it, two oxen to pull it.

Science and technology | Mechanical and hydraulic engineering

This invention is depicted in Han artwork by the 2nd century, yet detailed written descriptions were not offered until the 3rd century.

This formally ended the Han dynasty and initiated an age of conflict between three states: Cao Wei, Eastern Wu, and Shu Han.

The account of this device in the Book of the Later Han describes how, on one occasion, one of the metal balls was triggered without any of the observers feeling a disturbance.

Conscripted soldiers underwent one year of training and one year of service as non-professional soldiers.

During the Eastern Han, conscription could be avoided if one paid a commutable tax.

After Emperor He's death, his wife Empress Deng Sui (d. 121 AD) managed state affairs as the regent empress dowager during a turbulent financial crisis and widespread Qiang rebellion that lasted from 107 to 118 AD.

The Han dynasty only lasted one century.


The Fifty Shades trilogy was developed from a Twilight fan fiction series originally titled Master of the Universe and published by James episodically on fan-fiction websites under the pen name "Snowqueen's Icedragon".

The second and third volumes of the original trilogy, Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed, were published in 2012.

Many other erotic works quickly became best-sellers following Fifty Shades' success, while other popular works, such as Anne Rice's The Sleeping Beauty trilogy, have been reissued (this time without pseudonyms) to meet the higher demand.

The first, titled Fifty Shades of Grey, was released as an e-book and a print on demand paperback in May 2011 by The Writers' Coffee Shop, a virtual publisher based in Australia.

The second volume, Fifty Shades Darker, was released in September 2011; and the third, Fifty Shades Freed, followed in January 2012.

There, Christian informs her that the second contract will be one of dominance and submission, and there will be no romantic relationship, only a sexual one.

Ana does not expect to meet Christian again, but he appears at the hardware store where she works.

It has received mixed to negative reviews, with most critics noting poor literary qualities of the work.

It made Twilight look like War and Peace." Maureen Dowd described the book in The New York Times as being written "like a Brontë devoid of talent," and said it was "dull and poorly written." Jesse Kornbluth of The Huffington Post said: "As a reading experience, Fifty Shades ... is a sad joke, puny of plot".Princeton professor April Alliston wrote, "Though no literary masterpiece, Fifty Shades is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent Twilight vampire series." Entertainment Weekly writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a "B+" rating and praised it for being "in a class by itself.

Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James.

Fifty Shades of Gray was originally based on work by the Brontë sisters.


The tsar  appointed Dmitry Milyutin to carry out significant reforms in the Russian armed forces.

Encouraged by public opinion, Alexander began a period of radical reforms, including an attempt not to depend on landed aristocracy controlling the poor, an effort to develop Russia's natural resources, and to reform all branches of the administration.

The Alaska colony was losing money, and would be impossible to defend in wartime against Britain, so in 1867 Russia sold Alaska to the United States for $7.2 million (equivalent to $132 million in 2019 dollars).

Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ]; 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881) was the Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination on 13 March 1881.Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator (Russian: Алекса́ндр

For his social reforms in Russia and his role in the liberation of Bulgaria, Alexander II became known in Bulgaria as the "Tsar-Liberator of Russians and Bulgarians".

Reign | Reforms | Emancipation of the serfs

The measure was the first and most important of the liberal reforms made by Alexander II.

Boris Chicherin (1828-1904) was a  political philosopher who believed that Russia needed a strong, authoritative government by Alexander to make possible his reforms.

The Russians, helped by the Romanian Army under its supreme commander,

Alexander II succeeded to the throne upon the death of his father in 1855.

Alexander II (Russian: Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, tr.

Even so, there was no one more prepared to bring the country around than Alexander II.

Alexander II of Russia was against reforming Russia's army and navy.


The fifth season consists of 28 half-hours of material, divided into 24 half-hour episodes and two hour-long episodes, one of which aired after Super Bowl XLIII.Jim proposes to Pam at a gas station midway between Scranton and New York City where they are meeting for a visit.

Paul Lieberstein and Jennifer Celotta were named the series showrunners for the fifth season.

The second season is the series' first 22-episode season and has its first 28-minute "super-sized" episode.

In the season finale, Dwight buys the office park.

The first season consists of six episodes.

The eighth season consists of 24 episodes.

The final season consists of 25 episodes.

The third season consists of 17 half-hour episodes, four 40-minute "super-sized" episodes, and two one-hour episodes.

The season consists of nine half-hour and five hour-long episodes for a total of 19 episodes of material created.

The seventh season consists of 26 half-hours of material, divided into 21 half-hour episodes, one "super-sized" episode, and two hour-long episodes.

The fifth season of The Office has twenty-six episodes.


Persuaded that his religion was not incompatible with military service, York joined the 82nd Division as an infantry private and went to France in 1918.

York was drafted during World War I; he initially claimed conscientious objector status on the grounds that his religious denomination forbade violence.

The group worked their way behind the Germans and overran the headquarters of a German unit, capturing a large group of German soldiers who were preparing a counter-attack against the U.S. troops.

Historical reputation and legacy | Discovery of 'lost' battlefield

In addition, pieces of German ammunition and weaponry, including items which could be linked by name to individuals involved in the fighting against York's unit, were found where the men York captured laid down their arms.

Historical reputation and legacy | Medal of Honor controversy

Corporal William Cutting, who was present with York during his Medal of Honor action, and Bernard Early, the noncommissioned officer under whom York was serving during his Medal of Honor actions, were among those who argued against the official version.

In the second half of 1930s and early 1940s, in the run-up to the America's entry in World War II, York was a forceful and public advocate for interventionism, calling for U.S. involvement in the war against Germany, Italy and Japan.

" They are "prizes awarded only to those peoples who fight to win them and then keep fighting eternally to hold them!" At times he was blunt: "I think any man who talks against the interests of his own country ought to be arrested and put in jail, not excepting senators and colonels.

When he registered for the draft, he answered the question "Do you claim exemption from draft (specify grounds)?" by writing "Yes.

From the day he registered for the draft until he returned from the war on May 29, 1919, York kept a diary of his activities.

There are battlefield guides available at the Sergeant York Historic Trail.

" He questioned the failure of United Nations forces to use the atomic bomb in Korea.

U.S. soldier Sergeant York was drafted against his will because it was against his religion.


The original pale stone is no longer available in sufficient quantity, and replacement stones are increasingly darker in hue.

The restoration involved one hundred people and used more than 60,000 pieces of stone taken from the same quarry as the original statue.

The statue's internal structure was renovated and its soapstone mosaic covering was restored by removing a crust of fungi and other microorganisms and repairing small cracks.

Work included cleaning, replacing the mortar and soapstone on the exterior, restoring iron in the internal structure, and waterproofing the monument.

The four-month restoration in 2010 focused on the statue itself.

During the unveiling of the restored statue, it was illuminated with green-and-yellow lighting in support of the Brazil national football team playing in the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

oil company Shell do Brasil, environmental regulator IBAMA, National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage, and the city government of Rio de Janeiro entered an agreement to conduct restoration work.

In 2010, a massive restoration of the statue began.

A group of engineers and technicians studied Landowski's submissions and felt building the structure of reinforced concrete (designed by Albert Caquot) instead of steel was more suitable for the cross-shaped statue.

In 1990, several organizations, including the Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro, media company Grupo Globo,

The orginial stone for the structure is not available for the restoration.


The Exorcist is an American media franchise that originated with William Peter Blatty's 1971 horror novel of the same name and most prominently featured in a 1973 film adapted from the novel, and many subsequent prequels and sequels.

The Exorcist is a 1973 American supernatural horror film directed by William Friedkin, adapted by William Peter Blatty from his 1971 novel of the same name, and starring Ellen Burstyn, Linda Blair, Max von Sydow, and Jason Miller.

Parodies and pastiches | Other references

In 2014, British author Saurav Dutt released a book entitled Pazuzu Unbound, which is a book set in contemporary times dealing with the demon Pazuzu but which does not deal with the original characters in the film and novel on which the book is inspired.

The Exorcist III appeared in 1990, written and directed by Blatty himself from his own 1983 novel Legion.

In February 2008, American playwright John Pielmeier expressed an interest in adapting William Peter Blatty's novel of the same name into a play and soon met with Blatty.

The Exorcist is a 1971 novel by American writer William Peter Blatty.

The adaptation is faithful to the book, which itself has been commercially successful (hitting the New York Times bestseller list).

The prologue for Scary Movie 2 was a short parody of several scenes from the original.

Films | Related films | Possessed (2000)

The film claimed to follow the true accounts that inspired Blatty to write The Exorcist and starred Timothy Dalton, Henry Czerny, and Christopher Plummer.

A made-for-television film, Possessed (based on the book of the same name by Thomas B. Allen), was broadcast on Showtime on October 22, 2000, directed by Steven E. de Souza and written by de Souza and Michael Lazarou.

Originally written by William Friedkin as a book in 1972, The Exorcist has inspired several film adaptations. Blatty


Ronstadt was raised on the family's 10-acre (4 ha) ranch with her siblings Peter (who served as Tucson's Chief of Police for ten years, 1981–1991), Michael J., and Gretchen (Suzy).

Career overview | Beginning of professional career

At age 14, Ronstadt formed a folk trio with her brother Peter and sister Gretchen.

Career overview | Solo career | Collaborations with Peter Asher

But needing someone willing to work with her as an equal, Ronstadt asked Peter Asher, who came highly recommended to her by James Taylor's sister Kate Taylor, to help produce two of them: "Sail Away" and "I Believe in You".

Between 1983 and 1990, Ronstadt scored six additional platinum albums; two are triple platinum (each with over three million U.S. copies sold); one has been certified double platinum (over two million copies sold); and one has earned additional certification as a Gold (over 500,000 U.S. copies sold) double-disc album.

The album earned Ronstadt two Grammy Award nominations: one for Best Rock Vocal Performance/Female for the title track and another for Best Pop Vocal Performance/Female for the album.

In 2006, recording as the ZoZo Sisters, Ronstadt teamed with her new friend, musician and musical scholar Ann Savoy, to record Adieu False Heart.

Its members included Cajun fiddler Gib Guilbeau and John Beland, who later joined the Flying Burrito Brothers, as well as Stan Pratt, Thad Maxwell, and Eric White, brother of Clarence White of the Byrds.

Of Maria Callas, Ronstadt says, "There's no one in her league.

Ronstadt was one of the various artists featured on the album.

In 1998, Ronstadt released We Ran, her first album in over two years.

In late 1977, Ronstadt became the first female recording artist to have two songs in the U.S.

Ronstadt had two sisters and one brother.


Jewel Bundren – Jewel is the third of the Bundren children, most likely around nineteen years of age.

A half-brother to the other children and the favorite of Addie, he is the illegitimate son of Addie and Reverend Whitfield.

As I Lay Dying is a 1930 Southern Gothic novel by American author William Faulkner.

As I Lay Dying derived its name from this novel.

As I Lay Dying helped to solidify Faulkner's reputation as a pioneer, like James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, of stream of consciousness.

As I Lay Dying is consistently ranked among the best novels of 20th-century literature.

The title derives from Book XI of Homer's Odyssey (William Marris's 1925 translation) , wherein Agamemnon tells Odysseus: "As I lay dying, the woman with the dog's eyes would not close my eyes as I descended into Hades." The novel utilizes stream of consciousness writing technique, multiple narrators, and varying chapter lengths.

Faulkner's fifth novel, it is consistently ranked among the best novels of 20th-century literature.

Dying 35th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

The character Darl Bundren also appeared in Faulkner's 1935 short story "Uncle Willy".

Anse Bundren – Anse is Addie's widower, the father of all the children but Jewel.

In William Faulkner's novel As I Lay Dying, the character of Jewel is a man.


" Twitter users were still able to view Trump's tweet if they chose to click on it, but could not like or retweet it without their own comment.

A major hack of Twitter on July 15, 2020 affected 130 high-profile accounts, both verified and unverified ones such as Barack Obama, Bill Gates, and Elon Musk; the hack allowed bitcoin scammers to send tweets via the compromised accounts that asked the followers to send bitcoin to a given public address, with the promise to double their money.

He said while Twitter would "never lose that feeling" of speed, users could do more with the text.

User accounts | Malicious and fake accounts

However, Twitter did not disclose all of them as some could possibly be legitimate accounts taken over through hacking.

User accounts | Privacy, security and harassment

After a number of high-profile hacks of official accounts, including those of the Associated Press and The Guardian, in April 2013, Twitter announced a two-factor login verification as an added measure against hacking.

According to research published in April 2014, around 44% of user accounts have never tweeted.

Appearance and features | Tweets | Format | Using SMS

In August 2019, Jack Dorsey's account was hacked by using Twitter's SMS to tweet feature to send crude messages.

Appearance and features | Account archival | Browsable legacy Twitter archive format

The ability to export this type of tweet archive, which never existed on the new layout, has been removed entirely in August 2019[when exactly?], after co-existing with the new 2018 data archival method.

Several law enforcement entities including the FBI launched investigations into the attack to determine the perpetrators over concerns of broader implications of such a hack in the future.

A Twitter bot is a computer program that automatically posts on Twitter, they are programmed to tweet, retweet, and follow other accounts.

The companies that facilitate this service create fake Twitter accounts that follow a number of people, some of these Twitter accounts may even post fake tweets to make it seem like they are real.

Twitter has never been hacked.