tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Platoons are usually comprised of about 200 soldiers.
Wikipedia page: Platoon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Platoon organization varies depending on the country and the branch, but are generally around 50 strong, although specific platoons may range from 9 to 100 men.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lady Gaga song "Telephone" appears in her album "Born This Way".
Wikipedia page: Lady Gaga (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Fame Monster (2009), which yielded the successful singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone" and "Alejandro".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Battle of Chancellorsville was a lost for Robert E. Lee and to the Confederacy.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Chancellorsville (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Chancellorsville is known as Lee's "perfect battle" because his risky decision to divide his army in the presence of a much larger enemy force resulted in a significant Confederate victory.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel by Charles Dickens called David Copperfield was published around 1849 and is the 8th book by the author.
Wikipedia page: David Copperfield (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: David Copperfield is the eighth novel by Charles Dickens.
section_header: Summary
text: It was first published as a serial in 1849–50, and as a book in 1850.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The performer dubbing E.T. was left out of the credits.
Wikipedia page: E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: The major voice work of E.T. for the film was performed by Pat Welsh.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Polymer cannot be made from monomers bonding molecularity.
Wikipedia page: Polymer (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Synthesis
text: Polymerization is the process of combining many small molecules known as monomers into a covalently bonded chain or network.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The group was created in Manchester in 1961.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Crying of Lot 49 is the author's most brief book.
Wikipedia page: The Crying of Lot 49 (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Crying of Lot 49 (1965) is the shortest novel published by American author Thomas Pynchon.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tim Raines has been on more than five teams and is a Cooperstown inductee.
Wikipedia page: Tim Raines (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played as a left fielder in Major League Baseball for six teams from 1979 to 2002 and was best known for his 13 seasons with the Montreal Expos.
section_header: Baseball Hall of Fame candidacy
text: Raines was elected to the Hall of Fame in 2017, appearing on 86.0% of ballots cast.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miley Cyrus father was a famous country musician and starred on a Disney show.
Wikipedia page: Miley Cyrus (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings
text: Destiny Hope Cyrus was born November 23, 1992, in Franklin, Tennessee, to Leticia "Tish" Jean Finley and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It was adapted into an Academy Award winning film in 1964.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was adapted into an Academy Award-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan, with a screenplay by Horton Foote.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fargo was based on a true event.
Wikipedia page: Fargo (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Claims of factual basis
text: The film opens with the following text: This is a true story.
section_header: Production | Claims of factual basis
text: Regarding this apparent discrepancy, the Coen brothers claimed that they based their script on an actual criminal event, but wrote a fictional story around it.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nolan stepped down from his presidency of the Rangers  one yoear, to become an 'assistant' the next for another team entirely.
Wikipedia page: Nolan Ryan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later activity | Texas Rangers president and CEO (2008–2013)
text: On October 17, 2013, Ryan announced that he was stepping down as Rangers CEO effective October 31, 2013.
section_header: Later activity | Houston Astros special assistant (2014–2019)
text: On February 11, 2014, Ryan accepted a position as an executive adviser for the Houston Astros under owner Jim Crane.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Platyhelminthes have circulatory organs.
Wikipedia page: Platyhelminthes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Description | Features common to all subgroups
text: The lack of circulatory and respiratory organs limits platyhelminths to sizes and shapes that enable oxygen to reach and carbon dioxide to leave all parts of their bodies by simple diffusion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The first Gang of Four were big supporters of communism.
Wikipedia page: Gang of Four (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Gang of Four (simplified Chinese: 四人帮; traditional Chinese: 四人幫; pinyin: Sì rén bāng) was a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lady Gaga has no siblings.
Wikipedia page: Lady Gaga (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1986–2005: Early life
text: Her parents are Cynthia Louise (née Bissett), a philanthropist and business executive, and Internet entrepreneur Joseph Germanotta, and she has a younger sister named Natali.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Catch-22 describes the POV of multiple characters.
Wikipedia page: Catch-22 (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Often cited as one of the most significant novels of the twentieth century, it uses a distinctive non-chronological third-person omniscient narration, describing events from the points of view of different characters.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McCarthy was the eldest of his siblings.
Wikipedia page: Joe McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: McCarthy was born in 1908 on a farm in the town of Grand Chute in Outagamie County, Wisconsin, the fifth of seven children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It has a human head and the body of a tiger.
Wikipedia page: Great Sphinx of Giza (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Great Sphinx of Giza, commonly referred to as the Sphinx of Giza or just the Sphinx, is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stephen Decatur was a successful and natural leader as a naval officer serving with George Washington and Hamilton with seven countries and 46 landmarks named after him.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Decatur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Seven counties in the United States have been named after Stephen Decatur, including Decatur County, Alabama, Decatur County, Georgia, Decatur County, Indiana, Decatur County, Iowa, Decatur County, Kansas, and Decatur County, Tennessee.
section_header: Legacy
text: At least 46 communities in the United States have been named after Stephen Decatur, including Decatur, Alabama, Decatur, Georgia, Decatur, Illinois, and Decatur, Texas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Julius Caesar is one of the most powerful politicians in the Assyrian empire.
Wikipedia page: Julius Caesar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Caesar rose to become one of the most powerful politicians in the Roman Republic through a string of military victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Sherman had more than 10 siblings.
Wikipedia page: John Sherman (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Sherman's father died suddenly in 1829, leaving his mother to care for 11 children.
section_header: Early life and education
text: Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, to Charles Robert Sherman and his wife, Mary Hoyt Sherman, the eighth of their 11 children.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tommy McCarthy was an American Minor League Baseball player elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946.
Wikipedia page: Tommy McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thomas Francis Michael McCarthy (July 24, 1863 –  August 5, 1922) was an American Major League Baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jocko Conlan was an umpire for almost a half dozen championship games between the NL and the AL and after his career was done he moved to Arizona
Wikipedia page: Jocko Conlan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: Conlan retired to Arizona, where he enjoyed playing golf.
section_header: Summary
text: He umpired in five World Series and six All-Star Games.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Furious 7" was the last movie of the series, as confirmed by director, James Wan, and lead actor, Vin Diesel.
Wikipedia page: Furious 7 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: [Furious 7] was for Paul, [the eighth film] is from Paul.
section_header: Sequel
text: Diesel further hinted at an eighth film on Jimmy Kimmel Live!
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Three Musketeers was originally a book that written by a Dumas from France.
Wikipedia page: The Three Musketeers (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Three Musketeers (French: Les Trois Mousquetaires [le tʁwɑ muskətɛːʁ]) is a historical adventure novel written in 1844 by French author Alexandre Dumas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Watership Down was never adapted to TV.
Wikipedia page: Watership Down (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Television
text: From 1999 to 2001, the book was also adapted as an animated television series, broadcast on CITV in the UK and on YTV in Canada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Wilhelm's was called was "Fast Joe".
Wikipedia page: Hoyt Wilhelm (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James Hoyt Wilhelm (July 26, 1922 – August 23, 2002), nicknamed "Old Sarge", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher with the New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, California Angels, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1952 and 1972.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1700 play The Way of the World was well received at the time.
Wikipedia page: The Way of the World (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Initially, however, the play struck many audience members as continuing the immorality of the previous decades, and was not well received.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The whiskey tax was the second issued by the government.
Wikipedia page: Whiskey Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government.
section_header: Whiskey tax
text: This was to be the first tax levied by the national government on a domestic product.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Caine Mutiny is a book that is perceived through an Ivy League alumni and piano player's observation.
Wikipedia page: The Caine Mutiny (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The story is told through the eyes of Willis "Willie" Seward  Keith, an affluent, callow young graduate of Princeton University.
section_header: Plot summary
text: Following a mediocre living as a nightclub piano player, he signs up for midshipman school at Columbia University with the United States Navy to avoid being drafted into the United States Army during World War II.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Robert Moses Grove had a happy marriage that lasted until his wife was murdered in a bowling alley.
Wikipedia page: Lefty Grove (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: The couple would later divorce after Grove had an affair with another woman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Land for George Bush Intercontinental Airport was privately purchased and held for the City of Houston.
Wikipedia page: George Bush Intercontinental Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: A group of Houston businessmen purchased the site for Bush Intercontinental Airport in 1957 to preserve it until the city of Houston could formulate a plan for a new airport as a replacement for William P. Hobby Airport (at the time known as Houston International Airport).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith did not establish school records in career despite being a good player.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Later named an All-American athlete, he established school records in career at bats (754) and career stolen bases (110) before graduating in 1977.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hitler died in 1945.
Wikipedia page: Adolf Hitler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Adolf Hitler (German: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ] (listen); 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Portugal shares northern border with Belgium.
Wikipedia page: Portugal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the westernmost sovereign state of mainland Europe, being bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Guantanamo Bay detention camp has been featured in over 10 games.
Wikipedia page: Guantanamo Bay detention camp (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Media representations | Games
text: In Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes (2014), one mission requires the player to extract two prisoners from the fictional "Camp Omega," a stand-in for Guantanamo Bay, in early 1975.
section_header: Media representations | Games
text: In Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Blacklist (2013) the player is tasked with infiltrating and escaping from Guantanamo Bay.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Time Machine was not introduced by H. G. Wells.
Wikipedia page: The Time Machine (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now almost universally used to refer to such a vehicle or device.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Benito Juarez was a Mexican lawyer and politician, who served as the 26th president of Mexico, AND asserted his leadership as the legitimate head of the Mexican state, rather than Emperor Maximilian, whom the French had installed.
Wikipedia page: Benito Juarez (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Benito Pablo Juárez García (Spanish: [beˈnito ˈpaβlo ˈxwaɾes gaɾˈsi.a] (listen); 21 March 1806 – 18 July 1872) was a Mexican lawyer and politician, who served as the 26th president of Mexico from 1858 until his death in 1872.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mrs. Warren's Profession is a play written by George Bernard Shaw is about a boxer who wants to reconnect with his daughter until he finds out she is a prostitute.
Wikipedia page: Mrs. Warren's Profession (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: However, the reconciliation ends when Vivie finds out that her mother continues to run the business even though she no longer needs to.
section_header: Summary
text: Elements of the play were borrowed from Shaw's 1882 novel Cashel Byron's Profession, about a man who becomes a boxer due to limited employment opportunities.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hannibal rage-quit life when the Romans outplayed him.
Wikipedia page: Hannibal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later career | Death (183 to 181 BC)
text: Hannibal, discovering that the castle where he was living was surrounded by Roman soldiers and he could not escape, took poison.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Medea, of Greek mythological fame, was said to be the descendant of Medusa, and once had a man's daughters murder him and  cut the body into pieces in order to de-age him, based on a magic trick with a ram.
Wikipedia page: Medea (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Greek mythology, Medea (; Ancient Greek: Μήδεια, Mēdeia, Georgian: მედეა, Medea) is the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis, a niece of Circe and the granddaughter of the sun god Helios.
section_header: Genealogy and divinity
text: One of the only uncontested facts is that she is a direct descendant of the sun god Helios (son of the Titan Hyperion) through her father King Aeëtes of Colchis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kiki Cuyler died after vital fluid congealed in his lower appendage's circulatory system.
Wikipedia page: Kiki Cuyler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: While at the hospital he developed a blood clot in his leg, and when it worsened he was sent to a hospital in Ann Arbor, Michigan; he died en route on February 11, 1950.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charlie Chaplin did go to work at only seven.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Chaplin (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1889–1913: Early years | Background and childhood hardship
text: As the situation deteriorated, Chaplin was sent to Lambeth Workhouse when he was seven years old.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Fremont was from Georgia.
Wikipedia page: John C. Frémont (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A native of Georgia, Frémont acquired male protectors after his father's death, and became proficient in mathematics, science, and surveying.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Les Fleurs du mal could be described as a poetic work of art.
Wikipedia page: Les Fleurs du Mal (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Les Fleurs du mal (French pronunciation: ​[le flœʁ dy mal]; English: The Flowers of Evil) is a volume of French poetry by Charles Baudelaire.
section_header: Legacy
text: An episode of the television show The Batman was named "Fleurs du Mal" in homage to the poem.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sutter retired after 1988.
Wikipedia page: Bruce Sutter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Retirement
text: By March 1989, Sutter was dealing with a severely torn rotator cuff and he admitted that he would be unlikely to return to baseball.
section_header: Retirement
text: The Braves released him that November.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Huldrych Zwingli did not participate in the "Affair of the Sausages".
Wikipedia page: Huldrych Zwingli (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | First rifts (1522–1524)
text: The event, which came to be referred to as the Affair of the Sausages, is considered to be the start of the Reformation in Switzerland.
section_header: Life | First rifts (1522–1524)
text: On the first fasting Sunday, 9 March, Zwingli and about a dozen other participants consciously transgressed the fasting rule by cutting and distributing two smoked sausages (the Wurstessen in Christoph Froschauer's workshop).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The valuation of the company is more than 1000 billion.
Wikipedia page: Microsoft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In April 2019, Microsoft reached the trillion-dollar market cap, becoming the third U.S. public company to be valued at over $1 trillion after Apple and Amazon respectively.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Daniel Day-Lewis is the founder of the Boston Red Sox.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Cartwright (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alexander Joy Cartwright Jr. (April 17, 1820 – July 12, 1892) was a founding member of the New York Knickerbockers Base Ball Club in the 1840s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Adolphe Adam followed his father's career choice and became a music composer just like his dad wanted.
Wikipedia page: Adolphe Adam (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: Jean-Louis Adam was a pianist and teacher but was firmly set against the idea of his son's following in his footsteps.
section_header: Life and career
text: When Adam was 17, his father relented and he was permitted to study at the Paris Conservatoire, but only after he promised that he would learn music only as an amusement, not as a career.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shanghai is the 4th most populated community on Earth.
Wikipedia page: Shanghai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With a population of 24.28 million as of 2019, it is the most populous urban area in China and the second most populous city proper in the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The show, The Big Bang Theory, was originally dreamed up by Jim Parsons  the actor who plays Sheldon.
Wikipedia page: The Big Bang Theory (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Offshoots | Spin-off series
text: The initial idea for the series came from Parsons, who passed it along to The Big Bang Theory producers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The real life quadruple murder that the book In Cold Blood is based on were part of a robbery that netted the perpetrators pocket money, a walkie-talkie, and some binoculars.
Wikipedia page: In Cold Blood (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Crime
text: Hickock and Smith left the crime scene with a small portable radio, a pair of binoculars, and less than $50 in cash.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Heilmann was referred to as "Snail" in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Harry Heilmann (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Harry Edwin Heilmann (August 3, 1894 – July 9, 1951), nicknamed "Slug", was an American baseball player and radio announcer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Giving a respectful hand to the brow gesture with one's hat off was quite against British army rules.
Wikipedia page: Dunkirk (2017 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Historical accuracy
text: In one scene, an officer gives a salute without wearing his military beret, which a veteran pointed out as inaccurate protocol.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Glaciers can be on land or on water and Pakistan has more than any other region outside of the poles.
Wikipedia page: Glacier (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Calloway III became well known for his mixture of jazz music and theater performances.
Wikipedia page: Cab Calloway (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His niche of mixing jazz and vaudeville won him acclaim during a career that spanned over 65 years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Author of The Last of the Mohicans, James Fenimore Cooper, and many people of the time period, considered Americans taking over Native People's lands a reasonable progression of society.
Wikipedia page: The Last of the Mohicans (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Historical background
text: In this way, Cooper was interested in the American progress narrative when more colonists were increasing pressure on Native Americans, which they, and Cooper, would then view as "natural".
section_header: Historical background
text: This allowed settlers to view themselves as the original people of the land and reinforced their belief in European ethnic and racial superiority through, among other beliefs, the tenets of scientific racism.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Deborah Kerr's father only had one leg.
Wikipedia page: Deborah Kerr (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Arthur Charles Kerr Trimmer, a World War I veteran who lost a leg at the Battle of the Somme and later became a naval architect and civil engineer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Meryl Streep is often described as the "best actress of her generation", and nominated for a record 21 Academy Awards.
Wikipedia page: Meryl Streep (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Often described as the "best actress of her generation", Streep is particularly known for her versatility and accents.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Skyfall is a spy movie directed by Sam Mendes that is number 23rd main character's franchise.
Wikipedia page: Skyfall (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Skyfall is a 2012 spy film and the twenty-third in the James Bond series produced by Eon Productions.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Garfield was a Republican.
Wikipedia page: James A. Garfield (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Garfield entered politics as a Republican in 1857.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first location bearing this name went up in flames in the early 1900's.
Wikipedia page: Moulin Rouge (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Operetta and grand shows
text: She was so enchanted by the faithful recreation of the ceremony for the return of the troops from Italy that she could not stop herself from calling out "Long Live the Empress!" 27 February 1915: the Moulin Rouge was destroyed by fire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Uber is the second largest ride share company and is based in San Francisco.
Wikipedia page: Uber (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the United States, Uber had a 67% market share for ride-sharing in early 2019 and a 24% market share for food delivery in 2018.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre involved only a few dozen military personnel.
Wikipedia page: Jallianwala Bagh massacre (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Massacre
text: An hour after the meeting began as scheduled at 18:30, Colonel Dyer arrived at the Bagh with a group of ninety soldiers from the  Gurkha Rifles, the 54th Sikhs and the 59th Sind Rifles .
section_header: Summary
text: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919, when Acting Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered troops of the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab, killing at least 379 people and injuring over 1,000 other people.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Carl Orff began playing music at a young age and was published by the age of twelve.
Wikipedia page: Carl Orff (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: In 1911, at age 16, some of Orff's music was published.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tim Keefe was given the nickname Smiling Tim because he always acted so polite to his fellow baseball peers and to people he would come across outside of the game.
Wikipedia page: Tim Keefe (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major league career
text: Keefe was nicknamed "Sir Timothy" because of his gentlemanly behavior on and off the field.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arrhenius graduated with no honors and struggled with math and science.
Wikipedia page: Svante Arrhenius (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: At age eight, he entered the local cathedral school, starting in the fifth grade, distinguishing himself in physics and mathematics, and graduating as the youngest and most able student in 1876.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Toy Story 3 was shown for the first time in Europe.
Wikipedia page: Toy Story 3 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release
text: Toy Story 3 had its worldwide premiere on June 12, 2010, opening at Taormina Film Fest in Italy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Netherlands national football team fan group is called "Holland Royals".
Wikipedia page: Netherlands national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The fan club is known as "Het Oranje Legioen".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frankie Frisch was a player and manager for the Dodgers.
Wikipedia page: Frankie Frisch (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He managed the Cardinals (1933–1938), Pittsburgh Pirates (1940–1946) and Chicago Cubs (1949–1951).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Peter Pan is often portrayed as prideful and cavalier, but the original character was written as a shy and considerate boy.
Wikipedia page: Peter Pan (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Personality
text: Peter is an exaggerated stereotype of a boastful and careless boy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zachary Taylor had English roots.
Wikipedia page: Zachary Taylor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Historians and scholars have ranked Taylor in the bottom quartile of U.S. presidents, owing in part to his short term of office (16 months), and he has been described as "more a forgettable president than a failed one." Zachary Taylor was born on November 24, 1784, on a plantation in Orange County, Virginia, to a prominent family of planters of English ancestry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Members of the English rock band, The Police, reunited for a final tour in 2010.
Wikipedia page: The Police (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: " The Police disbanded in 1986, but reunited in early 2007 for a one-off world tour that ended in August 2008.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bruce Sutter retired from baseball as a result of an injury.
Wikipedia page: Bruce Sutter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Retirement
text: By March 1989, Sutter was dealing with a severely torn rotator cuff and he admitted that he would be unlikely to return to baseball.
section_header: Retirement
text: He retired with exactly 300 saves – at the time, the third-highest total in history, behind Rollie Fingers (341) and Rich "Goose" Gossage (302).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Taipei 101 opened before 2005.
Wikipedia page: Taipei 101 (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The skyscraper opened on 31 December 2004 to celebrate New Year's Eve.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miley Cyrus is not the moniker she was given at birth.
Wikipedia page: Miley Cyrus (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings
text: Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things.
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings
text: In 2003, Cyrus received credit under her birth name for her role as "Young Ruthie" in Tim Burton's Big Fish.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1938 novel the Yearling was based off the authors life experiences.
Wikipedia page: The Yearling (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He advised her to write about what she knew from her own life, and The Yearling was the result.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Long Day's Journey Into Night is half autobiographical.
Wikipedia page: Long Day's Journey Into Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play is semi-autobiographical.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest features a dice game.
Wikipedia page: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: They play a game of Liar's Dice against Jones to try and win the key, but they lose.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: West's  tour with Lady Gaga was cancelled due to the controversy from his outburst on stage during the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy
text: West's Fame Kills tour with Lady Gaga was cancelled in response to the controversy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roman Holiday was filmed in Rome.
Wikipedia page: Roman Holiday (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Filming locations
text: The film was shot entirely in Rome and in the studios of Cinecittà.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Megan Fox has completely normal and healthy opinions on gender and sexuality.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: "But I'm also a hypocrite: I would never date a girl who was bisexual, because that means they also sleep with men, and men are so dirty that I'd never want to sleep with a girl who had slept with a man.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zynga and Facebook partnered as a way for Zynga to provide free games to users.
Wikipedia page: Zynga (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Zynga became the Facebook app developer with the most monthly active users in April 2009, with 40 million people playing their games that month.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rigel is a red star in the constellation of Orion.
Wikipedia page: Rigel (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately 860 light-years (260 pc) from Earth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pink referred to the color now known as "yellow" as well, 300+ years ago.
Wikipedia page: Pink (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Science and nature | Pigments - Pinke
text: In the 17th century, the word pink or pinke was also used to describe a yellowish pigment, which was mixed with blue colors to yield greenish colors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book received favorable reviews from literacy critics.
Wikipedia page: The Satanic Verses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary criticism and analysis
text: Overall, the book received favourable reviews from literary critics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Murders in the Rue Morgue has been called the 1st contemporary detective tale.
Wikipedia page: The Murders in the Rue Morgue (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his "tales of ratiocination".C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Billy Williams spent most of his career with the Cubs.
Wikipedia page: Billy Williams (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a retired American baseball left fielder who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and 2 seasons for the Oakland Athletics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Haiti is a member of the United Nations.
Wikipedia page: Haiti (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Haiti is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States (OAS), Association of Caribbean States, and the International Francophonie Organisation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gustav Mahler never got to live out his dream of working in the N.Y classical music scene.
Wikipedia page: Gustav Mahler (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Late in his life he was briefly director of New York's Metropolitan Opera and the New York Philharmonic.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The band Exo is made up of five South Korean musicians.
Wikipedia page: Exo (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Exo (Korean: 엑소; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul, with nine members: Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai and Sehun.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bowie Kuhn was MLB commissioner.
Wikipedia page: Bowie Kuhn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He served as legal counsel for Major League Baseball owners for almost 20 years prior to his election as commissioner.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The poem Evangeline was based on someone Longfellow knew.
Wikipedia page: Evangeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Composition and publication history
text: Longfellow was introduced to the true story of the Acadians in Nova Scotia by his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne, who was told a story of separated Acadian lovers by
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1924 novel, A Passage to India, tells the story of Adela and her trip to India where she falls in love and marries an Indian man.
Wikipedia page: A Passage to India (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary | Aziz's arrest
text: At the train station, Aziz is arrested and charged with sexually assaulting Adela in a cave.
section_header: Plot summary | Trial scene
text: At the time, Adela mistakenly interpreted her shock as an assault by Aziz.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed in what is called Belarus and ended France's campaign in World War l.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This is a comedic movie about the Americas during WWII.
Wikipedia page: Mrs. Miniver (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mrs. Miniver is a 1942 American romantic war drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Herzog was sometimes referred to as "Whitey" in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Whitey Herzog (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dorrel Norman Elvert "Whitey" Herzog (; born November 9, 1931) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and manager, most notable for his Major League Baseball (MLB) managerial career.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Some Like It Hot has been considered one of the best movies ever with Rotten Tomatoes giving the film an approval rating of 95% based on 60 reviews.
Wikipedia page: Some Like It Hot (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics, and is considered among the best films of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Waner was a professional major league pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Lloyd Waner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lloyd James Waner (March 16, 1906 – July 22, 1982), nicknamed "Little Poison", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) center fielder.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The South American country, Chile, has the smallest rate of individuals killing other individuals in the North, Central, and South Americas.
Wikipedia page: Chile (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Currently it also has the lowest homicide rate in the Americas after Canada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thompson was known for his bald head.
Wikipedia page: Sam Thompson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Claude Rains did not go to college.
Wikipedia page: Claude Rains (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Rains left school after the second grade to sell newspapers so that he could bring the pennies and halfpennies home for his mother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Katharine Hepburn's mother was not happy about her career in Hollywood.
Wikipedia page: Katharine Hepburn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Memorials
text: It is dedicated to both the actress and her mother, and encourages women to address important issues affecting their gender.
section_header: Early life and education
text: She remained close to her family throughout her life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Burj Khalifa is very efficient and environmentally conscious.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Architecture and design | Air conditioning
text: At peak cooling times, the tower's cooling is 46 MW (62,000 hp), equivalent to that provided by 13,000 short tons (26,000,000 lb; 12,000,000 kg) of melting ice in one day.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Herb Pennock was a Pennsylvanian.
Wikipedia page: Herb Pennock (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Pennock was born on February 10, 1894, in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Angelina Jolie 's father is an actor too and she won a few awards.
Wikipedia page: Angelina Jolie (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and family
text: Born Angelina Jolie Voight in Los Angeles, California, she is the daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand.
section_header: Summary
text: The recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award and three Golden Globe Awards, she has been named Hollywood's highest-paid actress multiple times.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A follow up novel was released in 1922.
Wikipedia page: Mrs. Warren's Profession (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: Sir Harry Johnston wrote a sequel, a novel entitled Mrs. Warren's Daughter, circa 1920.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A utopia or perfect imagined society comes from a novel with the same title as the term.
Wikipedia page: Utopia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Varieties
text: During the 16th century, Thomas More's book Utopia proposed an ideal society of the same name.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ingrid Bergman expired due to a congenital heart defect.
Wikipedia page: Ingrid Bergman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and legacy
text: Bergman died on 29 August 1982 at 12:00 am, her 67th birthday, in London, of breast cancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The English national football team is the oldest in the world but have only won one FIFA World Cup title.
Wikipedia page: England national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Competitive record | FIFA World Cup
text: The England team won their first and only World Cup title in 1966.
section_header: Summary
text: England is the oldest national team in football.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Sting won numerous awards including ten nominations.
Wikipedia page: The Sting (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Released on Christmas Day of 1973, The Sting received universal acclaim and was hugely successful at the 46th Academy Awards, being nominated for ten Oscars and winning seven, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Writing (Original Screenplay).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rube Marquard dad was French and played for the New York Giants.
Wikipedia page: Rube Marquard (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Rube Marquard was born in Cleveland, Ohio to German immigrant Fred Marquard and Lena Heiser Marquard.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Parthian Empire was a big governmental force in old Rome.
Wikipedia page: Parthian Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Parthian Empire (; 247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire (), was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lesotho is a country that is autonomous of South Africa.
Wikipedia page: Boer Wars (History)
Evidence:
section_header: South African undercover activity abroad
text: On 4 October 1966, the Kingdom of Lesotho attained full independence, governed by a constitutional monarchy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Divine Comedy is a long Italian narrative poem by Dante Alighieri divided into parts with categories of sin and Hell.
Wikipedia page: The Divine Comedy (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is divided into three parts: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso.
section_header: Structure and story | Inferno
text: These three types of sin also provide the three main divisions of Dante's Hell: Upper Hell, outside the city of Dis, for the four sins of indulgence (lust, gluttony, avarice, anger); Circle 7 for the sins of violence; and Circles 8 and 9 for the sins of fraud and treachery.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As a result of the trial, John Brown's punishment was death.
Wikipedia page: John Brown (abolitionist) (History)
Evidence:
section_header: The trial
text: He was sentenced to be hanged in public on December 2.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lasorda is most known for his 2 decades of managing the Concord Weavers.
Wikipedia page: Tommy Lasorda (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thomas Charles Lasorda (born September 22, 1927) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher, coach, and manager, who is best known for his two decades managing the Los Angeles Dodgers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Of Mice and Men is a novella written by John Steinbeck that has been a frequent target of censors for vulgarity, and what some consider offensive and racist language.
Wikipedia page: Of Mice and Men (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States.
section_header: Summary
text: Gang Gang aft agley". (The best laid schemes of mice and men / Often go awry.) While it is a book taught in many schools, Of Mice and Men has been a frequent target of censors for vulgarity, and what some consider offensive and racist language; consequently, it appears on the American Library Association's list of the Most Challenged Books of 21st Century.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Terminator 2: Judgment Day was the prequel in the Terminator series.
Wikipedia page: Terminator 2: Judgment Day (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the sequel to the 1984 film The Terminator, as well as the second installment in the Terminator franchise.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Felix Mendelssohn's parents didn't support his education and most of his family was illiterate.
Wikipedia page: Felix Mendelssohn (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Childhood
text: Mendelssohn grew up in an intellectual environment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It traces its origins back to the late 1800s.
Wikipedia page: Sunset Boulevard (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: In 1877, Horace H. Wilcox, one of the earlier real estate owners from "back East", decided to subdivide his more than 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land (mostly orchards and vineyards) along Sunset Boulevard, including what is today Hollywood and Vine.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tyrus Cobb's father was murdered by a family member.
Wikipedia page: Ty Cobb (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major league career | Early years
text: Three weeks after his mother killed his father, Cobb debuted in center field for the Detroit Tigers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cabell "Cab" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor, and was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show.
Wikipedia page: Cab Calloway (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Calloway was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It is a book about an entity that rips the arm off a boy and became a television miniseries.
Wikipedia page: It (novel) (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | 1957–1958
text: Peering into the drain, startled from seeing a pair of glowing yellow eyes, Georgie encounters an eccentric clown who introduces himself as "Mr. Bob Gray," a.k.a. " Pennywise the Dancing Clown." Georgie declines a balloon but is enticed by Pennywise to reach into the drain and retrieve his boat, the clown ripping the child's arm off before leaving Georgie to die from bleeding out.
section_header: Adaptations
text: In 1990, the novel was adapted into a television miniseries starring Tim Curry as Pennywise the Clown/It, John Ritter as Ben Hanscom, Harry Anderson as Richie Tozier, Richard Masur as Stan Uris, Tim Reid as Mike Hanlon, Annette O'Toole as Beverly Marsh, Richard Thomas as Bill Denbrough, Olivia Hussey as Audra Phillips, Dennis Christopher as Eddie Kaspbrak, and Michael Cole as Henry Bowers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Islam's founder used to teach kids how to read and write.
Wikipedia page: Qur'an (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Prophetic era
text: The Quran describes Muhammad as "ummi," which is traditionally interpreted as 'illiterate', but the meaning is rather more complex.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexander's first Broadway performance was in the Great White Hope.
Wikipedia page: Jane Alexander (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alexander made her Broadway debut in 1968 in The Great White Hope and won the 1969 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Raven is well-known for it's supernatural tone.
Wikipedia page: The Raven (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: First published in January 1845, the poem is often noted for its musicality, stylized language, and supernatural atmosphere.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Le Morte d'Arthur was written in langue d'oïl, a precursor to modern French.
Wikipedia page: Le Morte d'Arthur (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: History and sources
text: Like other English prose in the 15th century, Le Morte d'Arthur was highly influenced by French writings, but Malory blends these with other English verse and prose forms.
section_header: Summary
text: Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for "The Death of Arthur") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore.
Verdict: REFUTES