tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: In the 1960s, the internal organizations of South America worked to change the Apartheid law that was established in the constitution.
Wikipedia page: Apartheid (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Society during apartheid | Petty apartheid
text: Apartheid pervaded culture as well as the law, and was entrenched by most of the mainstream media.
section_header: International relations during apartheid | Outward-looking policy
text: He was not prepared to dismantle apartheid, but he did try to redress South Africa's isolation and to revitalise the country's global reputation, even those with Black majority rule in Africa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frederick Douglass emerged through history as a slave and went on to become a statesman and orator during, an uncivil deeply racist time in America.
Wikipedia page: Frederick Douglass (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Final years in Washington, D.C.
text: He is a remarkable man and is a bright example of the capability of the colored race, even under the blighting influence of slavery, from which he emerged and became one of the distinguished citizens of the country," the Chester County PA newspaper remarked.
section_header: Abolitionist and preacher | Autobiography
text: At the time, some skeptics questioned whether a black man could have produced such an eloquent piece of literature.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lyrics from Mitchell's "Big Yellow Taxi" are quoted in Gravity's Rainbow.
Wikipedia page: Gravity's Rainbow (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure and chronology | Part 4: The Counterforce
text: The original quotation for this section (as seen in the advance reading copies of the book) was an excerpt from the lyrics to the Joni Mitchell song "Cactus Tree" ("She has brought them to her senses/
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rigel is the 10th brightness star .
Wikipedia page: Rigel (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Observation
text: It is typically the seventh-brightest star in the celestial sphere, excluding the Sun, although occasionally fainter than Betelgeuse.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The building was opened in 2010.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Conception | History of height increases
text: The building opened on 4 January 2010.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 490 BC Battle of Marathon was between the Athens and Persians and was an attempt to take over Italy.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Marathon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Marathon (Ancient Greek: Μάχη τοῦ Μαραθῶνος, romanized: Machē tou Marathōnos) took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Julius Caesar started assistance for veterans and Julius Caesar gave citizenship to many inhabitants.
Wikipedia page: Julius Caesar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He initiated land reform and support for veterans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Among other musicians, Ariana Grande has mentioned that she's a big fan of Whitney Houston.
Wikipedia page: Ariana Grande (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Artistry | Influences
text: Grande grew up listening mainly to urban pop and 1990s music and has cited Mariah Carey and Whitney Houston as her major vocal influences: "I love Mariah Carey.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Berlin passed away from cardiac arrest.
Wikipedia page: Irving Berlin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: [who] got Porter the show that launched his career." Berlin died in his sleep at his 17 Beekman Place town house in Manhattan on September 22, 1989, of heart attack and natural causes at the age of 101.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The filming of the movie, Doctor Zhivago  was done in Russia.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Zhivago (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: For this reason, the film could not be made in the Soviet Union and was instead filmed mostly in Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: When using the Google suite for business investors, the user needs to sign up for the Goggle wallet app.
Wikipedia page: Google (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Products and services | Enterprise services
text: G Suite is a monthly subscription offering for organizations and businesses to get access to a collection of Google's services, including Gmail, Google Drive and Google Docs, Google Sheets and Google Slides, with additional administrative tools, unique domain names, and 24/7 support.
section_header: Products and services | Other products
text: In May 2011, Google announced Google Wallet, a mobile application for wireless payments.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arrhenius was born Swedish and became a phenomenon as he was a genius in most areas of Science.
Wikipedia page: Svante Arrhenius (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: Arrhenius was born on 19 February 1859 at Vik (also spelled Wik or Wijk), near Uppsala, Kingdom of Sweden, United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, the son of Svante Gustav and Carolina Thunberg Arrhenius.
section_header: Summary
text: , Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Spider-Man: Far From Home was the largest money making film of 2019 and produced by Sony.
Wikipedia page: Spider-Man: Far From Home (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It grossed over $1.1 billion worldwide, making it the first Spider-Man film to pass the billion-dollar mark, Sony Pictures' highest-grossing film ever, the fourth-highest-grossing film of 2019, and the 24th-highest-grossing film of all time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Al Simmons was a good hitter.
Wikipedia page: Al Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Overview
text: Simmons was one of the best hitters in MLB history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tommy Lee Jones has been nominated 4 times for Oscars.
Wikipedia page: Tommy Lee Jones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Later years (2005–present)
text: Jones's performance in Lincoln received wide critical acclaim, and he was nominated for an Oscar for the fourth time, for Best Supporting Actor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Page passed due to a brain aneurysm in her hotel room.
Wikipedia page: Geraldine Page (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: It was determined that she died of a heart attack.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Red algae or Rhodophyta are in a state of flux and will never have certain distinguishing characteristics such as micro-tubules known as flagella found in animals.
Wikipedia page: Rhodophyta (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The red algae form a distinct group characterized by having eukaryotic cells without flagella and centrioles, chloroplasts that lack external endoplasmic reticulum and contain unstacked (stroma) thylakoids, and use phycobiliproteins as accessory pigments, which give them their red color.
section_header: Morphology | Cell structure
text: Red algae do not have flagella and centrioles during their entire life cycle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jim Morrison was taken into police custody on stage during a performance.
Wikipedia page: The Doors (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | New Haven incident (December 1967)
text: Morrison became the first rock artist to be arrested onstage during a concert performance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tom Cruise was in The Last Samurai and was nominated for an award.
Wikipedia page: Tom Cruise (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Acting
text: In 2003, he starred in Edward Zwick's period action drama The Last Samurai, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for best actor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Waiting for Godot is a play about two men who are waiting for Godot to show and the author doesn't like it when these men are recast as women.
Wikipedia page: Waiting for Godot (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Interpretations | Beckett's objection to female actors
text: He famously objected when, in the 1980s, several women's acting companies began to stage the play.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Cena has roots from Italy.
Wikipedia page: John Cena (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother is of English and French-Canadian descent, while his father has Italian ancestry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith became known for doing handstands at the beginning of games.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He quickly established himself as an outstanding fielder, and he later became known for performing backflips on special occasions while taking his position at the beginning of a game.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al had a powerful baseball toss with the agility needed to cover his base and snag it from the air.
Wikipedia page: Al Kaline (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Honors
text: He was just the epitome of what a great outfielder is all about – great speed, catches the ball and throws the ball well." Manager Billy Martin once said, "I have always referred to Al Kaline as 'Mister Perfection'.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The King's Speech is a film about King George.
Wikipedia page: The King's Speech (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The King's Speech is a 2010 British historical drama film directed by Tom Hooper and written by David Seidler.
section_header: Summary
text: Colin Firth plays the future King George VI who, to cope with a stammer, sees Lionel Logue, an Australian speech and language therapist played by Geoffrey Rush.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Several film versions of the epic have been made.
Wikipedia page: Mahabharata (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Versions, translations, and derivative works | In film and television
text: In Indian cinema, several film versions of the epic have been made, dating back to 1920.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tutankhamun has also been known as "Tank King" because his tomb was uncovered when a bomb hit nearby.
Wikipedia page: Tutankhamun (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has, since the discovery of his intact tomb, been referred to colloquially as "King Tut".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Babe Ruth would speak German at home in his youth.
Wikipedia page: Babe Ruth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Only one of young Ruth's seven siblings, his younger sister Mamie, survived infancy.
section_header: Early years
text: As a child, Ruth spoke German.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: World War II did not involve many countries.
Wikipedia page: World War II (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The First Boer War was between British and South African Republic Boers and was started when Sir Theophilus Shepstone claimed the Republic for the British and ended when the Boers were self governing.
Wikipedia page: Boer Wars (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War
text: As a result, William Gladstone's British government signed a truce on 6 March, and in the final peace treaty on 23 March 1881, gave the Boers self-government in the South African Republic (Transvaal) under a theoretical British oversight.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lili was a film that involved puppets.
Wikipedia page: Lili (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Although he falls in love with Lili, he can only express his feelings through the puppets.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Westminster  was first a royal court.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Westminster (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Old Palace
text: Because it was originally a royal residence, the Palace included no purpose-built chambers for the two Houses.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Things Fall Apart was written by a Congolese writer in the 1950s.
Wikipedia page: Things Fall Apart (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Things Fall Apart is the debut novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, first published in 1958.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Robin Williams was given credit as a scriptwriter for the final draft of the film Good Morning, Vietnam.
Wikipedia page: Robin Williams (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Film
text: Williams was allowed to play the role without a script, improvising most of his lines.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Bosworth Field which marked the end of the Plantagenet dynasty was a battle in a war fought over territory in the 13th century with the French.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Bosworth Field (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: F. Scott Fitzgerald's last work had reached the final draft stage before he died.
Wikipedia page: The Last Tycoon (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication history
text: The novel was unfinished and in rough form at the time of Fitzgerald's death at age 44.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Megan Fox started her career in the 2000's.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She began her acting career in 2001, with several minor television and film roles, and played a regular role on the Hope & Faith television sitcom.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hudson's Bay Company started as a fur trading business in Canada and is now best known for retail stores in Canada and the United States although it has also been involved in oil and gas operations.
Wikipedia page: Hudson's Bay Company (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 20th century | Oil and gas operations
text: The company co-founded Hudson's Bay Oil and Gas Company (HBOG) in 1926 with Marland Oil Company (which merged with Conoco in 1929).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Kidney is not edible.
Wikipedia page: Kidney (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Society and culture | As food
text: The kidneys, like other offal, can be cooked and eaten.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Winter's Tale is a play about the coming of Winter by Edward Stark.
Wikipedia page: The Winter's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare originally published in the First Folio of 1623.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pepin the Short is buried in France.
Wikipedia page: Pepin the Short (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: He was interred in the Basilica of Saint Denis in modern-day Metropolitan Paris.
section_header: Legacy
text: Pepin died during a campaign, in 768 at the age of 54.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Greenback Party was created out of frustration with the railroad industry.
Wikipedia page: Greenback Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Organizational history | Background
text: The American Civil War of 1861 to 1865 greatly affected the financial system of the United States of America, creating vast new war-related expenditures while disrupting the flow of tax revenue from the Southern United States, organized as the Confederate States of America.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: During World War I, Hitler received an injury due to an explosion.
Wikipedia page: Adolf Hitler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years | World War I
text: During the Battle of the Somme in October 1916, he was wounded in the left thigh when a shell exploded in the dispatch runners' dugout.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Andrew Jackson picture will be replaced by Rosa Parks on the $20 bill and Harriet Truman on the $5 bill by 2025.
Wikipedia page: Andrew Jackson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Portrayal on banknotes and stamps
text: In 2016, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew announced his goal that by 2020 an image of Harriet Tubman would replace Jackson's depiction on the front side of the $20 banknote, and that an image of Jackson would be placed on the reverse side, though the final decision will be made by his successors.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leonid Brezhnev's father was a doctor.
Wikipedia page: Leonid Brezhnev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career | Origins (1906–1939)
text: Brezhnev was born on 19 December 1906 in Kamenskoye, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Russian Empire (now Kamianske, Ukraine), to metalworker Ilya Yakovlevich Brezhnev and his wife, Natalia Denisovna Mazalova.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gravity can be described as a force which results in 2 masses to be drawn to each other.
Wikipedia page: Gravity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: However, for most applications, gravity is well approximated by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes gravity as a force, which causes any two bodies to be attracted to each other, with the force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The The New York, West Shore and Buffalo Railway went bankrupt and was acquired by the New York Central in 1885.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Competition
text: The New York, West Shore and Buffalo Railway was completed in 1884, as a route running closely parallel to both the canal and the New York Central Railroad.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Seneca Falls Convention was held in New York and was part of the civil rights movement in America.
Wikipedia page: Seneca Falls Convention (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention.
section_header: Summary
text: Stanton considered the Seneca Falls Convention to be the beginning of the women's rights movement, an opinion that was echoed in the History of Woman Suffrage, which Stanton co-wrote.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Waste Land is a sci-fi novel.
Wikipedia page: The Waste Land (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Waste Land is a poem by T. S. Eliot, widely regarded as one of the most important poems of the 20th century and a central work of modernist poetry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American composer Glen Miller has records that top the Beatles and Elvis Presley and he spent time entertaining the troops in World War II.
Wikipedia page: Glenn Miller (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel.
section_header: Summary
text: Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – disappeared December 15, 1944) was an American big-band trombonist, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jeff Bagwell grew up in Lousiana.
Wikipedia page: Jeff Bagwell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Born in Boston, Massachusetts, as the only son of Janice (née Hare) and Robert Bagwell, Jeff Bagwell and his family moved to Killingworth, Connecticut, when he was one year old.
section_header: Early life
text: Much of Bagwell's family is from the Greater Boston area, including both his parents, and are avid fans of the Boston Red Sox.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Umayyad Caliphate was written after the passing of the prophet Muhammad.
Wikipedia page: Umayyad Caliphate (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE; UK: , US: ; Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة‎, romanized: al-Khilāfah al-ʾUmawīyah) was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: To Kill a Mockingbird was translated into four other languages besides English during it's first year of publication.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: "One year after its publication To Kill a Mockingbird had been translated into ten languages.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is theorized, though unconfirmed, that a nuclear device was responsible for  Agnes Moorehead's death.
Wikipedia page: Agnes Moorehead (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Moorehead may have developed cancer from radioactive fallout from atmospheric atomic bomb tests while making The Conqueror with John Wayne in St. George, Utah.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Simon Bolivar's family had a slave who watch after him when he was a baby.
Wikipedia page: Simon Bolivar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood
text: When Bolívar was an infant, he was cared for by Doña Ines Manceba de Miyares and the family's slave, Hipólita.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Groupon was first launched in Pittsburgh.
Wikipedia page: Groupon (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Based in Chicago, Groupon was launched there in November 2008, launching soon after in Boston, New York City and Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Wheat was referred to as "Buck".
Wikipedia page: Zack Wheat (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Zachariah Davis "Zack" Wheat (May 23, 1888 – March 11, 1972), nicknamed "Buck", was a Major League Baseball left fielder for Brooklyn in the National League.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Georges Clemenceau, the Prime Minister of France for a portion of the first World War, has been forever immortalized by having a plane-carrying naval vessel christened after him.
Wikipedia page: Georges Clemenceau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Namesakes
text: The French aircraft carrier Clemenceau was named after Georges Clemenceau.
section_header: The beginning of the Third Republic | Prime Minister again
text: In November 1917, at one of the darkest hours for the French war effort in World War I, Clemenceau was appointed prime minister.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Large Hadron Collider has been shut down twice when the amount of tiny black holes grew far too numerous to be safely contained.
Wikipedia page: Large Hadron Collider (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Operational history | Long Shutdown 1 (2013–2015)
text: The LHC was shut down on 13 February 2013 for its 2-year upgrade called Long Shutdown 1 (LS1), which was to touch on many aspects of the LHC: enabling collisions at 14 TeV, enhancing its detectors and pre-accelerators (the Proton Synchrotron and Super Proton Synchrotron), as well as replacing its ventilation system and 100 km (62 mi) of cabling impaired by high-energy collisions from its first run.
section_header: Operational history | Long Shutdown 2 (2018–2021) and beyond
text: The LHC and the whole CERN accelerator complex is being maintained and upgraded.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hopkins has a star on Hollywood blvd and  has received other awards.
Wikipedia page: Anthony Hopkins (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hopkins received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2003, and in 2008 he received the BAFTA Fellowship for lifetime achievement from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Henry the Navigator is known as the patron of Portuguese exploration and the fifth child of the Prime Minister of Spain.
Wikipedia page: Henry the Navigator (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Henry was the fourth child of the Portuguese king John I, who founded the House of Aviz.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Walt Disney World Resort is a prominent American haven and an end of a journey for millions.
Wikipedia page: Walt Disney World (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The resort is the flagship destination of Disney's worldwide corporate enterprise and has become a popular staple in American culture.
section_header: Resorts
text: While all of the Deluxe resort hotels have achieved an AAA Four Diamond rating, Disney's Grand Floridian Resort & Spa is considered the highest-tier flagship luxury resort on the Walt Disney World Resort complex.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Marble Faun is a comedic story set in Greece.
Wikipedia page: The Marble Faun (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni, also known by the British title Transformation, was the last of the four major romances by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and was published in 1860.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sheeran's mother worked at a London Opera house.
Wikipedia page: Ed Sheeran (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His father was a curator at Cartwright Hall in Bradford and his mother worked at Manchester City Art Gallery.
section_header: Summary
text: Sheeran's third album, ÷ (pronounced "divide"), was released in March 2017, and was the best-selling album worldwide of 2017.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The mausoleum dominated the city of Athens for a long time.
Wikipedia page: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Later history of the Mausoleum
text: The Mausoleum overlooked the city of Halicarnassus for many years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Exo is a North Korean boy band.
Wikipedia page: Exo (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Exo (Korean: 엑소; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul, with nine members: Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai and Sehun.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The production of the movie, Incredibles 2 was done by Universal pictures.
Wikipedia page: Incredibles 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Incredibles 2 is a 2018 American computer-animated superhero film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kenny G taught himself how to play the saxophone.
Wikipedia page: Kenny G (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cap Anson was a football manager for the New York Giants.
Wikipedia page: Cap Anson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Adrian Constantine Anson (April 17, 1852 – April 14, 1922), nicknamed "Cap" (for "Captain") and "Pop", was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: When The Rolling Stones musical group began, they had 6 performers in their band.
Wikipedia page: The Rolling Stones (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962.
section_header: Summary
text: The first stable line-up consisted of bandleader Brian Jones (guitar, harmonica, keyboards), Mick Jagger (lead vocals, harmonica), Keith Richards (guitar, vocals), Bill Wyman (bass guitar), Charlie Watts (drums), and Ian Stewart (piano), the latter of whom was removed from the official line-up in 1963, but continued to work with the band as a contracted musician until his death in 1985.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2017, it was joked that Big Ben was to be renamed "Massive Mohammed."
Wikipedia page: Big Ben (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Nickname
text: In August 2017, satirical news site The Rochdale Herald published a spoof article stating that the bell was to be renamed "Massive Mohammed".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miller's plane vanished between England and France.
Wikipedia page: Glenn Miller (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lighthouse of Alexandria has been estimated to be at least 150 metres in overall height and is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Wikipedia page: Lighthouse of Alexandria (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Lighthouse of Alexandria, sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria (; Ancient Greek: ὁ Φάρος τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας, contemporary Koine Greek pronunciation: [ho pʰá.ros teːs a.lek.sandréːaːs]) , was a lighthouse built by the Ptolemaic Kingdom, during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (280–247 BC), which has been estimated to be at least 100 metres (330 ft) in overall height.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Daniel Boone established a small city named after him that was a one of the 1st U.S. towns to the west of the App Mountains.
Wikipedia page: Daniel Boone (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There, he founded the village of Boonesborough, Kentucky, one of the first American settlements west of the Appalachians.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Wilmot Proviso was written by a Republican.
Wikipedia page: Wilmot Proviso (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Introduction and debate on the proviso
text: David Wilmot, a Democratic congressman from Pennsylvania, and a group of other Barnburner Democrats including Preston King and Timothy Jenkins of New York, Hannibal Hamlin of Maine, Gideon Welles of Connecticut, and Jacob Brinkerhoff of Ohio, had already been meeting in early August strategy meetings.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paradise Lost has 2 editions.
Wikipedia page: Paradise Lost (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The first version, published in 1667, consists of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse.
section_header: Summary
text: A second edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books (in the manner of Virgil's Aeneid) with minor revisions throughout.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leon Day was an American professional pitcher that passed away right after is got introduced into the hall of fame.
Wikipedia page: Leon Day (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1995, Day was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame, just six days before his death at 78 years old.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dawson had four adopted monikers during his career in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Andre Dawson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Andre Nolan Dawson (born July 10, 1954), nicknamed "The Hawk" and "Awesome Dawson", is an American former professional baseball player and inductee into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Andromeda Galaxy can be found in the night sky without a telescope by first finding the Big Bear and then the Flying Horse.
Wikipedia page: Andromeda Galaxy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Amateur observing
text: The galaxy is commonly located in the sky in reference to the constellations Cassiopeia and Pegasus.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Flipkart was founded in October 2007 and is a successful online sales company that merged with Motorola, who insisted they use an app for all transactions.
Wikipedia page: Flipkart (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The "app-only" model, however, proved to be unsuccessful for Myntra (reducing sales by 10%), and its main website was reinstated in February 2016.
section_header: History
text: In February 2014, Flipkart partnered with Motorola Mobility to be the exclusive Indian retailer of its Moto G smartphone.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cum Posey is from Homestead and played professional sports their too.
Wikipedia page: Cum Posey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Homestead Grays
text: In baseball, Posey played with the Homestead Grays in 1911, was manager by 1916, and became owner in the early 1920s.
section_header: Early life
text: and Angelina "Anna" Stevens Posey of Homestead, adjacent to Pittsburgh.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Justin bieber was raised by his female parent and daddy.
Wikipedia page: Justin Bieber (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Mallette was underage when she gave birth, and her mother Diane and stepfather Bruce helped her raise her son.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stephen A. Douglas defeated Lincoln for political office.
Wikipedia page: Stephen A. Douglas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Douglas had previously defeated Lincoln in the 1858 United States Senate election in Illinois, known for the Lincoln–Douglas debates.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Diary was written as a form of long letter to her friend "Kitty".
Wikipedia page: The Diary of Anne Frank (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Dear Kitty
text: However, Kitty Egyedi said in an interview that she was flattered by the assumption, but doubted the diary was addressed to her: Kitty became so idealized and started to lead her own life in the diary that it ceases to matter who is meant by 'Kitty'.
section_header: Dear Kitty
text: The name ... is not meant to be me.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cher was a long-shot contender for an Oscar for her work in Moonstruck, but lost because the film was considered lightweight since it is a comedy.
Wikipedia page: Moonstruck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was nominated for six Oscars at the 60th Academy Awards, winning for Best Original Screenplay, Best Actress (Cher), and Best Supporting Actress (Olympia Dukakis).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kodály took his name from his teacher who had invented the Kodály Method.
Wikipedia page: Zoltán Kodály (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály Method.
section_header: Life
text: At around this time Kodály met fellow composer and compatriot Béla Bartók, whom he took under his wing and introduced to some of the methods involved in folk song collecting.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Aaron Copland was an openly gay man which that came out to the public.
Wikipedia page: Aaron Copland (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Personal life
text: Like many at that time, Copland guarded his privacy, especially in regard to his homosexuality.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paul Hindemith became a well known German composer after starting in music by playing the violin. .
Wikipedia page: Paul Hindemith (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Recordings
text: Hindemith was a prolific composer.
section_header: Life and career
text: Born in Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main, Hindemith was taught the violin as a child.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The discovery of the corruption of the Teapot Dome scandal was hindered by journalists writing fake news for adoration and exposure.
Wikipedia page: Teapot Dome scandal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Carl Magee, who later founded The Albuquerque Tribune, wrote about this sudden affluence and also brought it to the attention of the Senate investigation.
section_header: History
text: Fall attempted to keep his actions secret, but the sudden improvement in his standard of living was suspect.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Wayfair is a multi-national corporation that sells furniture.
Wikipedia page: Wayfair (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 2007 to 2010
text: In 2008, CSN Stores began shipping to Canada and selling in the United Kingdom, and opened an office in London.
section_header: History | 2011 to 2019 | 2014
text: As of January 2014, Wayfair was the largest online-only retailer for home furniture in the United States, and the 33rd largest online retailer in the United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Michael, born in London to Greek parents, is known for being a member of Wham!
Wikipedia page: George Michael (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother, Lesley Angold (née Harrison, died 1997), was an English dancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arms and the Man is based on how successful war is and is thus based on war victories.
Wikipedia page: Arms and the Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The play takes place during the 1885 Serbo-Bulgarian War.
section_header: Summary
text: so many?"Arms and the Man is a humorous play that shows the futility of war and deals comedically with the hypocrisies of human nature.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were poured into urns and they were sent across India.
Wikipedia page: Mahatma Gandhi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death | Funeral and memorials
text: Gandhi's ashes were poured into urns which were sent across India for memorial services.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pizarro came from a very wealthy family.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Pizarro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Trujillo, Spain to a poor family, Pizarro chose to pursue fortune and adventure in the New World.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Emmy Noether came to be for her 1936 Numbers play.
Wikipedia page: Emmy Noether (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Amalie Emmy Noether (German: [ˈnøːtɐ]; 23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical physics.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Michael was an English singer, songwriter, record producer, and philanthropist who rose to fame as a member of the music duo Wham! and later embarked on a solo career in which he sold over 100 million records around the world.
Wikipedia page: George Michael (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Discography and record sales
text: As a solo artist, he sold over 80 million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Delhi Metro, the third largest and busiest metro in India and second oldest after the Kolkata Metro, is a rapid transit system serving Delhi and its satellite cities of Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida, Bahadurgarh and Ballabhgarh, in the National Capital Region of India.
Wikipedia page: Delhi Metro (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is by far the largest and busiest metro in India, and second oldest after the Kolkata Metro.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vancouver has been ranked as the worst city to live in Canada due to its high density of population.
Wikipedia page: Vancouver (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Cityscape | Urban planning
text: As of 2019, Vancouver has been ranked as having the third-highest quality of living of any city on Earth.
section_header: Summary
text: Vancouver has the highest population density in Canada, with over 5,400 people per square kilometre, which makes it the fifth-most densely populated city with over 250,000 residents in North America, behind New York City, Guadalajara, San Francisco, and Mexico City.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was destroyed.
Wikipedia page: Statue of Zeus at Olympia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the statue was lost and destroyed during the 5th century AD; details of its form are known only from ancient Greek descriptions and representations on coins.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Fritz Kreisler was buried in New York.
Wikipedia page: Fritz Kreisler (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: He was interred in a private mausoleum in Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx, New York City.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The actress named Emma Watson was born in France.
Wikipedia page: Emma Watson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The main character, Billy, a chaplain's assistant from World War 2, dies after being shot with a photon pistol.
Wikipedia page: Slaughterhouse Five (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: " Billy is soon after shot by an assassin with a laser gun, commissioned by the elderly Lazzaro.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film Elizabeth, she turns down Henry because she uncovers his affair with Mary of Guise.
Wikipedia page: Elizabeth (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Elizabeth rejects Henry's marriage proposal when she discovers he is a cross-dresser and confronts Lord Robert about his secrets, fracturing their idyllic affair and banishing him from her private residence.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Clarence Darrow was an attorney who was the fifth child.
Wikipedia page: Clarence Darrow (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Clarence Darrow was born in the small town of Farmdale, Ohio, on April 18, 1857, the fifth son of Amirus and Emily Darrow (née Eddy).
section_header: Summary
text: Clarence Seward Darrow (; April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer who became famous in the early 20th century for his involvement in the Leopold and Loeb murder trial and the Scopes "Monkey" Trial.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Phylis Lee Isley changed her name to Jennifer Jones because of a star in the nights sky.
Wikipedia page: Jennifer Jones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Minor planet 6249 Jennifer is named in her honor.
section_header: Biography | 1940–1948: Career beginnings
text: She was carefully groomed for stardom and given a new name: Jennifer Jones.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bugsy is a movie that has received a lot of positive ratings from critics.
Wikipedia page: Bugsy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: On Rotten Tomatoes the film has a rating of 85% based on 60 reviews.
section_header: Reception
text: Film critic Roger Ebert gave the film four of four stars, saying "Bugsy moves with a lightness that belies its strength.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Lennon was murdered in New York.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1980s
text: In December 1980, Lennon was shot and killed outside his New York City apartment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Former Mexican president Benito Juarez was not from a rich background.
Wikipedia page: Benito Juarez (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Oaxaca to a poor Zapotec rural family and orphaned young, he moved to Oaxaca City at the age of 12 to go to school.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frankie Frisch's life was cut short by cancer of the backside.
Wikipedia page: Frankie Frisch (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-baseball career and death
text: Frisch died in Wilmington, Delaware from injuries suffered from a car accident near Elkton, Maryland a month earlier.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Red and the Black was made into four parts.
Wikipedia page: The Red and the Black (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Le Rouge et le Noir (French pronunciation: ​[lə ʁuʒ e l(ə) nwaʁ]; meaning The Red and the Black) is a historical psychological novel in two volumes by Stendhal, published in 1830.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Smetana has been credited for his contributions to Czech music and has additionally been described as the father of Czech music.
Wikipedia page: Bedřich Smetana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has been regarded in his homeland as the father of Czech music.
section_header: Summary
text: Smetana's reputation as the founding father of Czech music has endured in his native country, where advocates have raised his status above that of his contemporaries and successors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Uber is an ethical company that doesn't use convoluted methods to circumvent legality.
Wikipedia page: Uber (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Criticism | Evasion of law enforcement operations | Greyball
text: Uber developed an internal software tool called Greyball, which uses data collected from the Uber mobile app and other means, to avoid giving rides to certain individuals.
section_header: Criticism | Evasion of law enforcement operations | Greyball
text: By showing "ghost cars" driven by fake drivers to the targeted individuals in the Uber mobile app, and by giving real drivers a means to cancel rides requested by those individuals, Uber was able to avoid giving rides to known law enforcement officers in areas where its service is illegal.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie, "The Defiant Ones" is a romantic comedy.
Wikipedia page: The Defiant Ones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Defiant Ones is a 1958 adventure drama film which tells the story of two escaped prisoners, one white and one black, who are shackled together and who must co-operate in order to survive.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Iván Rodríguez got his baseball name Pudge when his coach thought he was a round little fellow and called him that for the camp's duration.
Wikipedia page: Iván Rodríguez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Minor leagues
text: He saw that I was short and stocky, so, from Day One, he started calling me "Pudge." It caught on, and the rest is history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: IBM has a moniker that's synonymous with 'engorged cerulean'.
Wikipedia page: IBM (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Brand and reputation
text: IBM is nicknamed Big Blue in part due to its blue logo and color scheme, and also partially since IBM once had a de facto dress code of white shirts with blue suits.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Warren G. Harding was popular until his death.
Wikipedia page: Warren G. Harding (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After his death, a number of scandals—including Teapot Dome—came to light, as did his extramarital affair with Nan Britton; each eroded his popular regard.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Adams wrote at least one Opera that was considered to offensive to play parts of after the largest terrorist attack during Bush administration.
Wikipedia page: John Adams (composer) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception | Klinghoffer controversy
text: the work". After the September 11 attacks in 2001, performances by the Boston Symphony Orchestra of excerpts from Klinghoffer were canceled.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nikita Khrushchev was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union until he chose to retire in 1964.
Wikipedia page: Nikita Khrushchev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1981 film Reds is both starred and directed by Beatty who didn't consider other people for the leading role.
Wikipedia page: Reds (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Beatty originally had no intention of acting in the film or even directing it because he had learned on projects such as Bonnie and Clyde and Heaven
section_header: Production | Casting
text: He briefly considered John Lithgow for the part of John Reed because the two were similar in appearance, but eventually Beatty decided to act in the film and direct it himself.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dick Williams was a boss of the San Diego Padres with a loosing streak.
Wikipedia page: Dick Williams (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Managerial career | From Southern California to Montreal and back | San Diego Padres
text: With his San Diego tenure at an end, it appeared that Williams' managerial career was finished.
section_header: Biography | Managerial career | From Southern California to Montreal and back | San Diego Padres
text: In the NLCS, the NL East champion Chicago Cubs – making their first postseason appearance since 1945 – won Games 1 and 2, but Williams' Padres took the next three games in a miraculous comeback to win the pennant.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Henry VII of England was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death, where he succeeded by his son, Henry VIII.
Wikipedia page: Henry VII of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Henry reigned for nearly 24 years and was peacefully succeeded by his son, Henry VIII.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Deer Hunter is a war film about two men in the Midwest.
Wikipedia page: The Deer Hunter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story takes place in Clairton, Pennsylvania, a working-class town on the Monongahela River south of Pittsburgh, and in Vietnam.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tess of the d'Urbervilles was not well liked when it was first published.
Wikipedia page: Tess of the d'Urbervilles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Though now considered a major 19th-century English novel, even Hardy's fictional masterpiece, Tess of the d'Urbervilles received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual morals of late Victorian England.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Michael Jackson's mom used to work at Macy's.
Wikipedia page: Michael Jackson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1958–1975: Early life and the Jackson 5
text: His mother, Katherine Esther Jackson (née Scruse), played clarinet and piano, had aspired to be a country-and-western performer, and worked part-time at Sears.
Verdict: REFUTES