tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Frances Louise McDormand's movie debut was in 1984.
Wikipedia page: Frances McDormand (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: In 1984 she made her film debut in Blood Simple, the first film by the Coen brothers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Clint Eastwood has roots from England.
Wikipedia page: Clint Eastwood (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He is of English, Irish, Scottish, and Dutch ancestry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bates has received many many awards for her acting and directing.
Wikipedia page: Kathy Bates (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards, and two Golden Globe Awards.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johannes Brahms was an Italian composer, pianist, and conductor of the Romantic period although born in Hamburg into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna.
Wikipedia page: Johannes Brahms (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Johannes Brahms (German: [joˈhanəs ˈbʁaːms]; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the Romantic period.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Marathon is famous for a runner Pheidippides that ran 25 miles from Athens to Sparta ask for help.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Marathon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Marathon run
text: He ran a distance of over 225 kilometers (140 miles), arriving in Sparta the day after he left.
section_header: Legacy | Marathon run
text: The distance eventually became fixed at 26 miles 385 yards, or 42.195 km, though for the first years it was variable, being around 25 miles (40 km)—the approximate distance from Marathon to Athens.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eugène Ysaÿe started to learn violin at three years old.
Wikipedia page: Eugène Ysaÿe (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Born in Liège, Ysaÿe began violin lessons at age five with his father.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rhodes was never into politics because he didn't see color.
Wikipedia page: Cecil Rhodes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Political views
text: According to Magubane, Rhodes was "unhappy that in many Cape Constituencies, Africans could be decisive if more of them exercised this right to vote under current law [referring to the Cape Qualified Franchise]," with Rhodes arguing that "the native is to be treated as a child and denied the franchise.
section_header: Political views
text: 99–106 and front page, "Rhodes was not a biological or maximal racist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Benjamin Harrison's speech at swearing in as US President was almost the same length as the one his relative gave when he swore the oath of office for the presidency.
Wikipedia page: Benjamin Harrison (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Presidency 1889–1893 | Inauguration and cabinet
text: His speech was brief—half as long as that of his grandfather, William Henry Harrison, whose speech remains the longest inaugural address of a U.S. president.
section_header: Presidency 1889–1893 | Inauguration and cabinet
text: Harrison was sworn into office on Monday, March 4, 1889, by Chief Justice Melville Fuller.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tom Cruise was married four times.
Wikipedia page: Tom Cruise (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cruise has been married to actresses Mimi Rogers, Nicole Kidman, and Katie Holmes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alphabet Inc. is based in Mount Vernon, Washington which is the home city of the founder Larry Page.
Wikipedia page: Alphabet Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alphabet Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mountain View, California.
section_header: Summary
text: The two founders of Google assumed executive roles in the new company, with Larry Page serving as CEO and Sergey Brin as president.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The retelling of the Arthurian legend Le Morte d'Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory is the earliest written record of the legends.
Wikipedia page: Le Morte d'Arthur (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for "The Death of Arthur") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore.
section_header: Summary
text: Until the discovery of the Winchester Manuscript in 1934, the 1485 edition was considered the earliest known text of Le Morte d'Arthur and that closest to Malory's original version.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The barrier of the wall had no defenses or guard towers.
Wikipedia page: Berlin Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The barrier included guard towers placed along large concrete walls, accompanied by a wide area (later known as the "death strip") that contained anti-vehicle trenches, beds of nails, and other defenses.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vargas was the held the highest political office in Brazil .
Wikipedia page: Getulio Vargas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (Portuguese: [ʒeˈtulju doʁˈnɛlis ˈvaʁɡɐs]; 19 April 1882 – 24 August 1954) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, who served as president during two periods: the first was from 1930 to 1945, when he served as interim president from 1930 to 1934, constitutional president from 1934 to 1937, and dictator from 1937 to 1945.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The band's nickname was "the Fab Four".
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As their popularity grew into the intense fan frenzy dubbed "Beatlemania", the band acquired the nickname "the Fab Four", with Epstein, Martin and other members of the band's entourage sometimes given the informal title of "fifth Beatle".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alabama took their show on the road in the 80s.
Wikipedia page: Alabama (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1987–2004: Decline in popularity and Farewell tour
text: Despite this, they continued to be a popular touring act, and the band issued their first live album, Alabama Live, in 1988.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sorabji was an Indian actor.
Wikipedia page: Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (born Leon Dudley Sorabji; 14 August 1892 – 15 October 1988) was an English composer, music critic, pianist and writer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bert Blyleven is from Sweden.
Wikipedia page: Bert Blyleven (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Blyleven was born in the Netherlands but was raised in Garden Grove, California where he attended Santiago High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William the Conqueror's passing had 2 different versions of what took place beforehand.
Wikipedia page: William the Conqueror (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and aftermath
text: Knowledge of the events preceding his death is confused because there are two different accounts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: German mathematician Leonhard Euler has a mathematical constant named after him.
Wikipedia page: Leonhard Euler (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; German: [ˈɔʏlɐ] (listen); 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, such as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory, while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The tunnel never experienced mechanical problems since its construction.
Wikipedia page: Channel Tunnel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Since its construction, the tunnel has experienced a few mechanical problems.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Little Women novel is about five women.
Wikipedia page: Little Women (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story follows the lives of the four March sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—and details their passage from childhood to womanhood.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Youngs is from Texas.
Wikipedia page: Ross Youngs (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and minor leagues
text: Youngs was born in Shiner, Texas, the second of three children, all sons.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Manilow has been actively making music for over 5 decades.
Wikipedia page: Barry Manilow (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus, June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, producer and actor, with a career that has spanned more than 50 years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Konark Sun Temple's artists were allowed to create many different kinds of scenes, but ordinary people were not represented.
Wikipedia page: Konark Sun Temple (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description | Reliefs and sculpture
text: On other walls are found images depicting the daily life of the elite as well as the common people.
section_header: Description | Reliefs and sculpture
text: Other major works of art include sculptures of Hindu deities, apsaras and images from the daily life and culture of the people (artha and dharma scenes), various animals, aquatic creatures, birds, legendary creatures, and friezes narrating the Hindu texts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Due to Leo Durocher's French Canadian roots, he had to learn English
Wikipedia page: Leo Durocher (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His parents were immigrants from Quebec and both they and Durocher's older brothers spoke only French; Durocher began attending elementary school without knowing how to speak English.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brideshead Revisited is a defense of Evelyn Waugh's religion.
Wikipedia page: Brideshead Revisited (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Motifs | Catholicism
text: Evelyn Waugh was a convert to Catholicism and Brideshead depicts the Roman Catholic faith in a secular literary form.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Second Coming of Jesus Christ has been predicted by several religions using dates and people that have come and gone, yet, as Smash Mouth would say it, "The [false predictions] start coming, and they don't stop coming."
Wikipedia page: The Second Coming (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Other views and commentaries | Rastafari
text: [...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster." In the early developments of the Rastafari religion, Haile Selassie (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the House of David, is worshipped as God incarnate, and is thought to be the "black Jesus" and "black messiah" – the second coming of Christ.
section_header: Christian eschatological views | Jehovah's Witnesses
text: They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914 as the start of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of Armageddon.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Niekro played most of his career with the same team.
Wikipedia page: Phil Niekro (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed "Knucksie", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Laying its foundations alone took 2 years.
Wikipedia page: Arc de Triomphe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Construction and late 19th century
text: Laying the foundations alone took two years and, in 1810, when Napoleon entered Paris from the west with his bride Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria, he had a wooden mock-up of the completed arch constructed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A matrix can be expanded by including a cross-diagonal vector.
Wikipedia page: Matrix (mathematics) (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Definition | Size
text: The size of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns that it contains.
section_header: Summary
text: In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array (see irregular matrix) of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sissy Spacek is a Michigander who became an acclaimed actress.
Wikipedia page: Sissy Spacek (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Spacek was born on December 25, 1949, in Quitman, Texas, the daughter of Virginia Frances (née Spilman; December 18, 1917 – November 10, 1981) and Edwin Arnold Spacek Sr. (July 3, 1910 – January 7, 2001), a county agricultural agent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Barbra Streisand is an entertainer that has won three Oscars.
Wikipedia page: Barbra Streisand (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In a career spanning six decades, she has achieved success in multiple fields of entertainment and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award, five Emmy Awards, four Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and nine Golden Globes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mississippi Burning was filmed in Georgia.
Wikipedia page: Mississippi Burning (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: On March 10, production moved to a remote corner of Mississippi, where the crew filmed the burning of a parish church.
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Filming began in Jackson, Mississippi, where the production team filmed a church being burned down.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: For whom the Bell Tolls was penned by Poe.
Wikipedia page: For Whom the Bell Tolls (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: For Whom the Bell Tolls is a novel by Ernest Hemingway published in 1940.
section_header: Background
text: Ernest Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls in Havana, Cuba; Key West, Florida; and Sun Valley, Idaho, in 1939.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Harry Wright was divorced five times and died of heart failure.
Wikipedia page: Harry Wright (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bucky Harris was a professional baseball player who played for Washington and Detroit.
Wikipedia page: Bucky Harris (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While Harris played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Detroit Tigers, it was his long managerial career that led to his enshrinement in the Baseball Hall of Fame, elected as a manager by the Veterans Committee, in 1975.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is often called "The Proof".
Wikipedia page: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock", commonly known as "Prufrock", is the first professionally published poem by American-born British poet T. S. Eliot (1888–1965).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: German baseball player Henry Benjamin Greenberg was a practicing Jew and consulted his religious leader before playing on religious holy days.
Wikipedia page: Hank Greenberg (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Henry Benjamin Greenberg (born Hyman Greenberg; January 1, 1911 – September 4, 1986), nicknamed "Hammerin' Hank", "Hankus Pankus", or "The Hebrew Hammer", was an American professional baseball player and team executive.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harmon Killebrew was named after his father.
Wikipedia page: Harmon Killebrew (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Born and raised in Payette, Idaho, Killebrew was youngest of four children of Harmon Clayton Sr.
section_header: Summary
text: Harmon Clayton Killebrew Jr. (; June 29, 1936 – May 17, 2011), nicknamed ’The Killer’ and ’Hammerin' Harmon’, was an American professional baseball first baseman, third baseman, and left fielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are more modern English versions of this text than there are fingers on the average hand.
Wikipedia page: Talmud (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Translations | Talmud Bavli
text: There are six contemporary translations of the Talmud into English: The Noé Edition of the Koren Talmud Bavli, Adin Steinsaltz, Koren Publishers Jerusalem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nero orated on the subject of disaster relief.
Wikipedia page: Nero (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Between the years 51 AD and 53 AD, he gave several speeches on behalf of various communities including the Ilians; the Apameans, requesting a five-year tax reprieve after an earthquake; and the northern colony of Bologna, after their settlement suffered a devastating fire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tess of the d'Urbervilles got only positive reviews when it was published for the first time.
Wikipedia page: Tess of the d'Urbervilles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Though now considered a major 19th-century English novel, even Hardy's fictional masterpiece, Tess of the d'Urbervilles received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual morals of late Victorian England.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Manchester United F.C. has won 23 titles for their division, putting it in second place for winning division final matchups.
Wikipedia page: Manchester United F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Honours
text: Since then, they have gone on to win a record 20 top-division titles – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and their total of 12 FA Cups is second only to Arsenal (13).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A lot of the metal used to erect the Colossus of Rhodes was made from recycled and artillery.
Wikipedia page: Colossus of Rhodes (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Modern Colossus projects
text: It was to be a giant light sculpture made partially out of melted-down weapons from around the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Toy Story 3 is a computer-animated film about talking toys and the antagonist is a teddy bear named Lotso.
Wikipedia page: Toy Story 3 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Toy Story 3 is a  2010 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures.
section_header: Plot
text: After narrowly avoiding a shredder, Woody and Buzz help Lotso reach an emergency stop button, only for Lotso to abandon them.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Despite already being famous and busy, Emma Watson did attend Columbia university where she graduated in 2015.
Wikipedia page: Emma Watson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: From 2011 to 2014, Watson split her time between working on films and continuing her education, graduating from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature in May 2014.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Major Barbara served in the Salvation Army in Boston.
Wikipedia page: Major Barbara (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Major Barbara is a three-act English play by George Bernard Shaw, written and premiered in 1905 and first published in 1907.
section_header: Summary
text: The story concerns an idealistic young woman, Barbara Undershaft, who is engaged in helping the poor as a Major in the Salvation Army in London.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Ted Lyle Simmons was not elected to the Hall of Fame.
Wikipedia page: Ted Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Hall of Fame candidacy
text: In December 2017, he missed being elected to the Hall of Fame via the Veterans Committee by one vote, but was elected in December 2019 for the Class of 2021, as no events are scheduled in 2020 because of the coronavirus pandemic.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Asoka ruled all of the East India from c. 260 to 232 BCE.
Wikipedia page: Asoka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ashoka (Brāhmi: 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓, Asoka, IAST: Aśoka, English:  ), also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Cider House Rules was written by Ron Parland.
Wikipedia page: The Cider House Rules (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Cider House Rules (1985) is a novel by American writer John Irving, a Bildungsroman, which was later adapted into a film (1999) and a stage play by Peter Parnell.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chronicles of Narnia is C. S. Lewis' best selling novel.
Wikipedia page: Chronicles of Narnia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Chronicles of Narnia is considered a classic of children's literature and is Lewis's best-selling work, having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cymbeline is about an ancient ruler and was one of Shakespeare's most enjoyed performances in the eighteenth century but has since lost popularity.
Wikipedia page: Cymbeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Criticism and interpretation
text: Cymbeline was one of Shakespeare's more popular plays during the eighteenth century, though critics including Samuel Johnson took issue with its complex plot: This play has many just sentiments, some natural dialogues, and some pleasing scenes, but they are obtained at the expense of much incongruity.
section_header: Criticism and interpretation
text: By the early twentieth century, the play had lost favour.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mike Piazza owns a pizza restaurant in New Jersey that can be translated to as "Little Tony's."
Wikipedia page: Mike Piazza (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Piazza is owner of the Italian soccer team A.C. Reggiana 1919, which played for two seasons (2017–2018) in Serie C under his leadership before its non-registration due to continued financial troubles.
section_header: Major league career | Associazione Calcio Reggiana 1919
text: In 2016, Piazza purchased a majority ownership stake of the third-division Italian soccer club A.C. Reggiana in Reggio Emilia, with an estimated investment of $3 million.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Greenback Party had nominees in 4 presidential elections.
Wikipedia page: Greenback Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bostonians is a book about a lawyer who goes and finds himself attracted to a women feminist.
Wikipedia page: The Bostonians (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Mississippi lawyer and Civil War veteran, Basil Ransom, visits his cousin Olive Chancellor in Boston.
section_header: Plot summary
text: She takes him to a political meeting where Verena Tarrant delivers a feminist speech.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Konark Sun Temple includes a depiction featuring a horse-drawn vehicle with 2 wheels as a main feature.
Wikipedia page: Konark Sun Temple (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description
text: The architecture is also symbolic, with the chariot's twelve pairs of wheels corresponding to the 12 months of the Hindu calendar, each month paired into two cycles (Shukla and Krishna).The Konark temple presents this iconography on a grand scale.
section_header: Description
text: It has 24 elaborately carved stone wheels which are nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) in diameter and are pulled by a set of seven horses.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pierre Trudeau was a politician who became a Prime Minister.
Wikipedia page: Pierre Trudeau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: French: [pjɛʁ tʁydo]; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000), mostly referred to as simply Pierre Trudeau, or by the initials PET, was a Canadian politician who was the 15th prime minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, between 1968 and 1984, with a brief period as Leader of the Opposition, from 1979 to 1980.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miley Cyrus is her real, original name, not Hannah Montana!
Wikipedia page: Miley Cyrus (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings
text: Destiny Hope Cyrus was born November 23, 1992, in Franklin, Tennessee, to Leticia (Tish) Jean Finley and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus.
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings
text: Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sir John Alexander Macdonald was not born in Canada but he did become a high level political figure in Canada.
Wikipedia page: John A. Macdonald (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years, 1815–1830
text: John Alexander Macdonald was born in Ramshorn parish in Glasgow, Scotland, on 10 (official record) or 11 (father's journal) January 1815.
section_header: Summary
text: Sir John Alexander Macdonald (10 or 11 January 1815 – 6 June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada (1867–1873, 1878–1891).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London is about a sled in Alaska and a stolen dog.
Wikipedia page: The Call of the Wild (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley, California, when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paul McCartney never wrote any of the Beatle's most popular works.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul
text: Composed by and sung by McCartney – none of the other Beatles perform on the recording – "Yesterday" inspired the most cover versions of any song ever written.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: LeBron James was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in 2002.
Wikipedia page: LeBron James (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Cleveland Cavaliers | 2003–2004: Rookie season
text: James was selected by his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, as the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Google, an American multinational technology company, bought Sprint in 2011.
Wikipedia page: Google (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Initial public offering
text: On August 15, 2011, Google made its largest-ever acquisition to date when it announced that it would acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its ongoing patent disputes with other companies, mainly Apple and Microsoft, and to allow it to continue to freely offer Android.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The reason that Kanye West feared Jay-Z sending assassins after him is officially thought to be dehydration and sleep deprivation.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Mental health
text: While the episode was first described as one of "temporary psychosis" caused by dehydration and sleep deprivation, West's mental state was abnormal enough for his 21 cancelled concerts to be covered by his insurance policy; he was reportedly paranoid and depressed throughout the hospitalization, but remains formally undiagnosed.
section_header: Career | 2016–17: The Life of Pablo and tour cancellation
text: He stayed hospitalized over the Thanksgiving weekend because of a temporary psychosis stemming from sleep deprivation and extreme dehydration.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There were 4 directors for this American sitcom.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Among the 208 episodes, there were only four directors: Pamela Fryman (196 episodes), Rob Greenberg (7 episodes), Michael Shea (4 episodes), and Neil Patrick Harris (1 episode).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: China has more than ten thousand types of fungus.
Wikipedia page: China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Biodiversity
text: China has over 10,000 recorded species of fungi, and of them, nearly 6,000 are higher fungi.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2, was given universal praise upon its release.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Accolades
text: It's HALF a film ... it's going to feel somewhat emotionless." Other critics wrote of the film's runtime; Alonso Duralde from The Wrap said, "If there's one substantial flaw to the film, it's that this cavalcade of people and places and objects can barely fit in the 130-minute running time." Rebecca Gillie from The Oxford Student gave the film two out of five and wrote: "At the end of [the film] there is nothing that stays with you once you've left the cinema." The film won a number of accolades and nominations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Zoo Story was mentioned in pop culture in the 90s.
Wikipedia page: The Zoo Story (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture
text: The Zoo Story is referenced in the 1993 film Grumpy Old Men.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The origin of viruses is not specified.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins
text: The origin of viruses is unclear because they do not form fossils, so molecular techniques are used to investigate how they arose.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carey was born in 1890 and went to a minor league baseball game in 1909.
Wikipedia page: Max Carey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Maximillian George Carnarius was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, on January 11, 1890.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The strike took place in New York.
Wikipedia page: Homestead Strike (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The dispute occurred at the Homestead Steel Works in the Pittsburgh area town of Homestead, Pennsylvania, between the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (the AA) and the Carnegie Steel Company.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Grapes of Wrath is often studied in universities of the United States of America.
Wikipedia page: The Grapes of Wrath (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Grapes of Wrath is frequently read in American high school and college literature classes due to its historical context and enduring legacy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Amerigo Vespucci did not go to the university.
Wikipedia page: Amerigo Vespucci (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Family and education
text: Amerigo's career path seemed less certain; instead of following his brothers to the university, he remained in Florence and was tutored by his uncle, Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, a Dominican friar in the monastery of San Marco.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1939 play The Little Foxes has been adapted multiple times.
Wikipedia page: The Little Foxes (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: In 1949, the play was adapted for an opera entitled Regina by Marc Blitzstein.
section_header: Adaptations
text: George Schaefer produced and directed Robert Hartung's television adaptation of The Little Foxes for the Hallmark Hall of Fame, broadcast December 16, 1956, on NBC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jane Austen wrote a book about Mansfield Park.
Wikipedia page: Mansfield Park (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Peer Gynt was written by a Norwegian in Danish.
Wikipedia page: Peer Gynt (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Peer Gynt (, Norwegian: [ˈpeːr ˈɡʏnt]) is a five-act play in verse by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen published in 1867.
section_header: Summary
text: Written in Danish—the common written language of Denmark and Norway in Ibsen's lifetime—it is one of the most widely performed Norwegian plays.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eddie Mathews passed 2001 in Texarkana, Texas.
Wikipedia page: Eddie Mathews (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: In February 2001, Mathews died from complications of pneumonia in La Jolla, California, and was buried in Santa Barbara Cemetery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maureen Stapleton was married twice and separated from both husbands.
Wikipedia page: Maureen Stapleton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and death
text: Stapleton's first husband was Max Allentuck, general manager to the producer Kermit Bloomgarden, and her second was playwright David Rayfiel, from whom she divorced in 1966.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Altair is one of the closest visible stars and is the 12th shiniest celestial body in the sky.
Wikipedia page: Altair (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Altair , designation α Aquilae (Latinised to Alpha Aquilae, abbreviated Alpha Aql, α Aql), is the brightest star in the constellation of Aquila and the twelfth brightest star in the night sky.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Marble Faun was a romance novel, and is known as one of the inspirations of the guy that created the C'thulhu mythos.
Wikipedia page: The Marble Faun (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Influence
text: The Marble Faun has been cited as an influence on H. P. Lovecraft's The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Moonstone was a 20th century poem written to tell the story of women soldiers.
Wikipedia page: The Moonstone (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Moonstone (1868) by Wilkie Collins is a 19th-century British epistolary novel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Philadelphia's famous landmarks include a large damaged chime.
Wikipedia page: Philadelphia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture
text: Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johann Strauss II was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas with over 500 musical projects in total.
Wikipedia page: Johann Strauss, the Younger (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The largest city in California, Los Angeles, mostly has low rising buildings  and has some of the worst rush hours in the world.
Wikipedia page: Los Angeles (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Cityscape | Overview
text: Drivers in Los Angeles suffer from one of the worst rush hour periods in the world, according to an annual traffic index by navigation system maker, TomTom.
section_header: Geography | Cityscape | Overview
text: During the peak rush hour there is 80% congestion, according to the index.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Collins was a pro football coach.
Wikipedia page: Jimmy Collins (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James Joseph Collins (January 16, 1870 – March 6, 1943) was an American professional baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Spider-Man: Far From Home was a movie about Spider-Man outside of New York.
Wikipedia page: Spider-Man: Far From Home (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Spider-Man: Far From Home, Parker is recruited by Nick Fury and Mysterio to face the Elementals while he is on a school trip to Europe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kim Kardashian has four sibilings.
Wikipedia page: Kim Kardashian (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Miller Huggins never had a wife and and shared a house with his sibling while he played professional baseball.
Wikipedia page: Miller Huggins (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Huggins did not marry, and lived with his sister while in Cincinnati.
section_header: Personal life
text: He lived in Cincinnati during the winters while playing for the Reds and Cardinals, but began to make St. Petersburg, Florida his winter home while managing the Yankees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nestor Chylak was born in Olyphant, Pennsylvania, and umpired in four ALCS.
Wikipedia page: Nestor Chylak (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He umpired in three ALCS (1969, 1972, 1973), serving as crew chief in 1969 and 1973.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Recently, Justin Bieber has been open about sharing with his fans the problems that he is having with his health which include a diagnosis of lyme disease and other infections that has decreased his health.
Wikipedia page: Justin Bieber (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Health
text: He has generally been open about these issues.
section_header: Personal life | Health
text: He also revealed that he has infectious mononucleosis, which affected his neurological and overall health.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Legend says that his body burned for 6 days and 6 nights during his cremation.
Wikipedia page: Asoka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Last years | Death
text: Legend states that during his cremation, his body burned for seven days and nights.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cornelius Vanderbilt gave equal inheritance to both of his children.
Wikipedia page: Cornelius Vanderbilt (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: This left his only other living son, Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt, and 9 daughters (Phebe Jane, Ethelinda, Eliza, Emily Almira, Sophia Johnson, Maria Louisa, Frances Lavinia, Mary Alicia, and Catherine Juliette), to receive comparatively little inheritance; far less than even their young nephews.
section_header: Death
text: In his will, he left 95% of his $105 million estate to his son William (Billy) and four grandsons through him.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: None of the Battlegrounds are classified as historic sites.
Wikipedia page: Battleground (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation
text: Many battlefields from specific historic battles are preserved as historic landmarks.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Guelphs and Ghibellines were groups that came out of the struggle for power between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor were at odds until the 17th century.
Wikipedia page: Guelphs and Ghibellines (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy.
section_header: Summary
text: The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, fuelled by the imperial Great Interregnum, persisted until the 15th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 2015, IBM was ranked as the fourth most valuable brand.
Wikipedia page: IBM (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Brand and reputation
text: In 2015, Forbes ranked IBM the fifth-most valuable brand.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Craigslist was founded in 1995 and now has operates outside of the U.S.
Wikipedia page: Craigslist (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It started expanding to other U.S. and Canadian cities in 2000, and now covers 70 countries.
section_header: History
text: In early 1995, he began an email distribution list to friends.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Le Morte d'Arthur is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore, although the exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has only recently been discovered.
Wikipedia page: Le Morte d'Arthur (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Authorship
text: The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of "Sir Thomas Malory" in the late 15th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Weill was a 19th century composer.
Wikipedia page: Kurt Weill (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German composer, active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shay's Rebellion took place in Minnesota.
Wikipedia page: Shays' Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts in opposition to a debt crisis among the citizenry and the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades; the fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This Scandinavian supergroup continued to perform together throughout the 1990s.
Wikipedia page: ABBA (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion
text: ABBA never officially announced the end of the group or an indefinite break, but it was long considered dissolved after their final public performance together in 1982.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, which is a book, not a portrait, has not been redone in any other mediums for fear of the title throwing off even more people
Wikipedia page: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: Animations in the multimedia editions express the relation of every character in the chapter to the others.
section_header: Adaptations
text: A film version adapted for the screen by Judith Rascoe and directed by Joseph Strick was released in 1977.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Braveheart film grossed $75.6 million in the US and grossed $210.4 million worldwide, with a budget around $65–70 million.
Wikipedia page: Braveheart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film was filmed in Scotland and Ireland from June to October 1994 with a budget around $65–70 million.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Guns N' Roses was created in 1985.
Wikipedia page: Guns N' Roses (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Formation (1985–1986)
text: Months later, Guns N' Roses was formed in March 1985 by Rose, rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with L.A. Guns founders lead guitarist Guns, drummer Rob Gardner and bassist Ole Beich.
section_header: Summary
text: Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Santo struggled with diabetes during his career.
Wikipedia page: Ron Santo (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Hall of Fame candidacy | Golden Era Committee | Hall of Fame election
text: Williams, Santo's long-time teammate and friend, had made a fresh case for Santo, emphasizing his personal struggle with diabetes during his career, and his post-retirement charitable work to try to find a cure.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin led a totalitarian government despite having started his rule as part of a collective.
Wikipedia page: Joseph Stalin (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Stalin's Soviet Union has been characterised as a totalitarian state, with Stalin its authoritarian leader.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film, and was the highest-grossing film of 2015.
Wikipedia page: American Sniper (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office | North America
text: In North America, it is the highest-grossing film of 2014, the highest-grossing war film unadjusted for inflation (and, on an adjusted basis, second to Saving Private Ryan with $379 million), the third-highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (behind The Passion of the Christ and Deadpool), Warner Bros.' fourth-highest-grossing film (behind The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2), and the eighth-highest-grossing Best Picture nominee film (behind Avatar, Titanic, Star Wars, E.T.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Getting The Seagull to play in Russia's capital was difficult because of the writer's express wishes otherwise.
Wikipedia page: The Seagull (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Performance history | Moscow Art Theatre production
text: Nemirovich overcame Chekhov's refusal to allow the play to appear in Moscow and convinced Stanislavski to direct the play for their innovative and newly founded Moscow Art Theatre in 1898.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The English Patient is a book from the 1990's.
Wikipedia page: The English Patient (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The English Patient is a 1992 novel by Michael Ondaatje.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are no musicals based on John Wilkes Booth, and especially none that make his famous crime into a song.
Wikipedia page: John Wilkes Booth (History)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture | Stage productions
text: Booth is featured as a central character of Stephen Sondheim's musical Assassins, in which his assassination of Lincoln is depicted in a musical number called "The Ballad of Booth".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Water contains very few nutrients.
Wikipedia page: Water (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sections of the old Erie Canal not used after 1918 are owned by Maryland.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Old Erie Canal
text: Sections of the old Erie Canal not used after 1918 are owned by New York State, or have been ceded to or purchased by counties or municipalities.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The origin of the name of the structure translates to new home.
Wikipedia page: Machu Picchu (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: In the Quechua language, machu means "old" or "old person", while pikchu means either "portion of coca being chewed" or "pyramid, pointed multi-sided solid; cone".
section_header: Etymology
text: Thus the name of the site is sometimes interpreted as "old mountain".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The British singer Freddie Mercury was gay.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Mercury (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Sexual orientation
text: We all loved the great bisexual, Freddie Mercury.
section_header: Personal life | Sexual orientation
text: The tabloid newspaper The Sun referred to Mercury as a "bisexual rock star" in 1986, who had "confessed to a string of one-night gay sex affairs".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Battle Hymn of the Republic is about the punishment of the evil during the Revolutionary War.
Wikipedia page: Battle Hymn of the Republic (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of the age (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63 and Revelation 19) with the American Civil War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Under the Clayton Act, merging companies are held to stricter regulations.
Wikipedia page: Clayton Antitrust Act (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Contents | Comparisons to other acts
text: Section 7 of the Clayton Act allows greater regulation of mergers than just Sherman Act Section 2, since it does not require a merger-to-monopoly before there is a violation.
section_header: Contents | Comparisons to other acts
text: It allows the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice to regulate all mergers, and gives the government discretion whether to give approval to a merger or not, which it still commonly does today.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Sunset Boulevard has the Sunset Strip and it is more than 20 miles long.
Wikipedia page: Sunset Boulevard (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography
text: Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean.
section_header: Cultural aspects
text: The Sunset Strip portion of Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood has been famous for its active nightlife since at least the 1950s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Coming home made twelve times in revenues its budget.
Wikipedia page: Coming Home (1978 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Critics praised its direction, screenplay and performances, while the film grossed $36 million worldwide against its $3 million budget, becoming the 15th highest-grossing film of 1978.
Verdict: SUPPORTS