tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland features the Queen of Hearts and the Mock Turtle.
Wikipedia page: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: The Queen of Hearts then orders the Cat to be beheaded, only to have her executioner complain that this is impossible since the head is all that can be seen of him.
section_header: Synopsis
text: The Mock Turtle sings them "Beautiful Soup" during which the Gryphon drags Alice away for an impending trial.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ashoka was a descendant of a dynasty founder.
Wikipedia page: Asoka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Ancestry
text: Other sources, such as the Puranas and the Mahavamsa state that his father was the Mauryan emperor Bindusara, and his grandfather was Chandragupta – the founder of the Empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: English rock band Led Zeppelin had three band members with John as their first name when they were originally formed.
Wikipedia page: Led Zeppelin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The group consisted of vocalist Robert Plant, guitarist Jimmy Page, bassist/keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Jake Beckley is from Missouri.
Wikipedia page: Jake Beckley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Beckley was born in Hannibal, Missouri.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: While wrestling Cena never wore his own line of clothes instead choosing to wear clothes that reflected the spirit of his character.
Wikipedia page: John Cena (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional wrestling style and persona | Fashion
text: During his WWE career, Cena's has used his attire in an attempt to reflect the most current fashions and styling within the hip hop culture that his character represents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Adele released her 2nd studio album when she was 21 years old.
Wikipedia page: Adele (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2011–2014: 21, worldwide recognition and hiatus
text: Adele released her second studio album, 21, on 24 January 2011 in the UK and 22 February in the US.
section_header: Summary
text: Adele Laurie Blue Adkins  (; born 5 May 1988) is an English singer-songwriter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Glass Menagerie was based on the author's life with his family.
Wikipedia page: The Glass Menagerie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play has strong autobiographical elements, featuring characters based on its author, his histrionic mother, and his mentally fragile sister Laura.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard was a European scientist that discovered a type of receptors.
Wikipedia page: Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Christiane (Janni) Nüsslein-Volhard (born 20 October 1942) is a German developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winner.
section_header: Research
text: Nüsslein-Volhard is associated with the discovery of Toll, which led to the identification of toll-like receptors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first kiss on screen resulted in two arrests.
Wikipedia page: Kiss (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Contemporary practices | Kissing in films
text: The kiss lasted 18 seconds and caused many to rail against decadence in the new medium of silent film.
section_header: Contemporary practices | Kissing in films
text: The first romantic kiss on screen was in American silent films in 1896, beginning with the film The Kiss.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The research of the concentration of ozone production that causes temperature change has been ongoing since the eighteenth century making discoveries about human health.
Wikipedia page: Ozone (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Ozone in Earth's atmosphere
text: The study of ozone concentration in the atmosphere started in the 1920s.
section_header: Health effects
text: For the last few decades, scientists studied the effects of acute and chronic ozone exposure on human health.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Tin Drum did inspire a movie.
Wikipedia page: The Tin Drum (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was adapted into a 1979 film, which won both the Palme d'Or, in the same year, and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film the following year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Social Network was filmed in New-York.
Wikipedia page: The Social Network (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Scenes were filmed around the campuses of two Massachusetts prep schools, Phillips Academy and Milton Academy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Macbeth tells the story of Macbeth's wife murdering King Duncan so she could become queen.
Wikipedia page: Macbeth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | Act I
text: Lady Macbeth suffers none of her husband's uncertainty and wishes him to murder Duncan in order to obtain kingship.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 2016 film Rogue One: A Star Wars Story got two Oscar nominations and it grossed over $1 billion worldwide.
Wikipedia page: Rogue One: A Star Wars Story (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It received two Oscar nominations for Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: When his dad Pepin died, the people who might inherit or assume power were cross with one another, Charles Martel being one of them.
Wikipedia page: Charles Martel (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718
text: Pepin's death occasioned open conflict between his heirs and the Neustrian nobles who sought political independence from Austrasian control.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov was brought into this world by a poor military family.
Wikipedia page: Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: Rimsky-Korsakov was born in Tikhvin, 200 kilometers (120 miles) east of Saint Petersburg, into a Russian noble family.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There was a more modern adaptation of 'The Trojan Women" made by a man from Israel, which was decidedly less grotesque, censoring much of the violence and removing a majority of the "crude" content like sex, concubines, abuse, and death, which were found offensive.
Wikipedia page: The Trojan Women (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Modern Treatments and Adaptations
text: The Israeli playwright Hanoch Levin also wrote his own version of the play, adding more disturbing scenes and scatological details.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles I of England was executed through hanging.
Wikipedia page: Charles I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Execution
text: Charles's beheading was scheduled for Tuesday, 30 January 1649.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film Atonement was filmed at Universal Studios in Florida and released in 2007.
Wikipedia page: Atonement (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was produced for StudioCanal and filmed in England.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The downtown region in Jerusalem has many tall sky scrapers and high rise apartment complexes with many business offices every where.
Wikipedia page: Jerusalem (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy | High-rise construction
text: A new master plan for the city will see many high-rise buildings, including skyscrapers, built in certain, designated areas of downtown Jerusalem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Some glaciers move up to 150ft per 24 hours as an average speed.
Wikipedia page: Glacier (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Motion | Speed
text: In other cases, glaciers can move as fast as 20–30 m (70–100 ft) per day, such as in Greenland's Jakobshavn Isbræ.
section_header: Motion | Speed
text: Mean glacial speed varies greatly but is typically around 1 m (3 ft) per day.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alphabet was founded in the 2010s.
Wikipedia page: Alphabet Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was created through a restructuring of Google on October 2, 2015, and became the parent company of Google and several former Google subsidiaries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eilzabeth Taylor is a known actress that married an heir to a hotel chain when she was 17.
Wikipedia page: Elizabeth Taylor (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Marriages, relationships, and children
text: heir to the Hilton Hotels chain, at the Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills on May 6, 1950.
section_header: Personal life | Marriages, relationships, and children
text: Taylor was 18 when she married Conrad "Nicky" Hilton Jr.,
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1961 American novel Catch-22 was written by Joseph Heller who served in WWII.
Wikipedia page: Catch-22 (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Catch-22 is a satirical war novel by American author Joseph Heller.
section_header: Influences
text: His experiences as a bombardier during World War II inspired Catch-22; Heller later said that he "never had a bad officer".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Al Spalding was born and died in the month of September.
Wikipedia page: Al Spalding (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Albert Goodwill Spalding (September 2, 1849 – September 9, 1915) was an American pitcher, manager, and executive in the early years of professional baseball, and the co-founder of A.G. Spalding sporting goods company.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jane Goodall is a women who has been married two times and is an expert on chimps.
Wikipedia page: Jane Goodall (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Goodall has been married twice.
section_header: Summary
text: Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lucky Jim is a book and is about a lecturer at an university.
Wikipedia page: Lucky Jim (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel follows the exploits of the eponymous James (Jim) Dixon, a reluctant lecturer at an unnamed provincial English university.
section_header: Summary
text: Lucky Jim is a novel by Kingsley Amis, first published in 1954 by Victor Gollancz.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Electronegativity cannot be straightly measured.
Wikipedia page: Electronegativity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Electronegativity cannot be directly measured and must be calculated from other atomic or molecular properties.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Angkor Wat is the world's largest religious site, measuring 402 acres.
Wikipedia page: Angkor Wat (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The temple is admired for the grandeur and harmony of the architecture, its extensive bas-reliefs, and for the numerous devatas adorning its walls.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Francisco Pizarro is known for finding the Mayan culture in Mexico in 1533.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Pizarro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This is a poem written by William Faulkner.
Wikipedia page: Dulce Et Decorum Est (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James Buchanan was Scottish descant.
Wikipedia page: James Buchanan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His parents were both of Ulster Scot descent; his father emigrated from Milford, Ireland in 1783.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It was initially a film and then adapted to be a play.
Wikipedia page: Glengarry Glen Ross (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversy
text: There was controversy over lines in the play, and in the film adaptation of it, in which it was claimed prejudice was shown against Indian-Americans.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fillmore was the 14th president of the U.S.
Wikipedia page: Millard Fillmore (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States (1850–1853), the last to be a member of the Whig Party
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hewlett-Packard became an official sponsor of Chelsea F.C. in 1997.
Wikipedia page: Hewlett-Packard (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1990s
text: Later in the decade, HP opened hpshopping.com as an independent subsidiary to sell online, direct to consumers; in 2005, the store was renamed "HP Home & Home Office Store." From 1995 to 1998, Hewlett-Packard were sponsors of the English football team Tottenham Hotspur.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Garrison was an abolitionist but did not support suffrage.
Wikipedia page: William Lloyd Garrison (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Garrison was not an abolitionist who became a publisher, but a printer who became an abolitionist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: JD.com is a Chinese e-commerce founded in Beijing and has change it web address 3 times.
Wikipedia page: JD.com (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The company changed its domain name to 360buy.com in June 2007 and then to JD.com in 2013.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Anita Borg started her programming career in late 1960's.
Wikipedia page: Anita Borg (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Education and early life
text: Borg got her first programming job in 1969.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Greer Garson's grandparents were from Scotland.
Wikipedia page: Greer Garson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her father was born in London to Scottish parents, and her mother was born at Drumalore (usually spelled as Drumalure or Drumaloor), a townland near Belturbet in County Cavan, Ireland.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Absalom and Achitophel is a story that is about a rebellion.
Wikipedia page: Absalom and Achitophel (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The poem tells the Biblical tale of the rebellion of Absalom against King David; in this context it is an allegory used to represent a story contemporary to Dryden, concerning King Charles II and the Exclusion Crisis (1679-1681).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hudson's Bay Company  got its start by selling the oil, blubber, and other bits and pieces from whales.
Wikipedia page: Hudson's Bay Company (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 17th century
text: The Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay was incorporated on 2 May 1670, with a royal charter from King Charles II.
section_header: History | 17th century
text: This and subsequent purchases by Glover made it clear the fur trade in Hudson Bay was viable.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ferguson Jenkins was a Canadian professional baseball player that has his own postal stamp.
Wikipedia page: Ferguson Jenkins (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Honours and awards
text: On December 13, 2010, Canada Post announced Jenkins would be honoured in Canada with his own postage stamp.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Actor Hugh Laurie duped the casting agent into believing he was American during his audition.
Wikipedia page: House (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Singer was not aware that Laurie was English, due to his convincing American accent.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Rivals has been modernized in a few adaptions.
Wikipedia page: The Rivals (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story has been updated in numerous adaptions, including a 1935 musical in London and a 1958 episode of the television series Maverick, with attribution.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American basketball player Dave Bancroft was elected to the hall of fame.
Wikipedia page: Dave Bancroft (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: After failing to be elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA), the Veterans Committee elected Bancroft in 1971.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The USSR and several satellite states tried to defend Czechoslovakia from an invasion force of Kazakhs that attacked as a direct effect of the socialist Prague Spring reforms.
Wikipedia page: Prague Spring (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath | Normalization and censorship
text: While both the radio station and the television station managed to hold out for at least enough time for initial broadcasts of the invasion, what the Soviets did not attack by force they attacked by reenacting party censorship.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The club, Juventus F.C has one prominent rival.
Wikipedia page: Juventus F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Club rivalries
text: Juventus have significant rivalries with two main clubs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Stock Exchange is the biggest stock exchange in the world.
Wikipedia page: New York Stock Exchange (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at US$30.1 trillion as of February 2018.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "The Floss" of the title of "The Mill on the Floss" by George Eliot was a river.
Wikipedia page: The Mill on the Floss (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Spanning a period of 10 to 15 years, the novel details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, siblings who grow up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The mill is situated at the junction of the River Floss and the more minor River Ripple, near the village of St Ogg's in Lincolnshire, England.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Although originally from Argentina, Lionel Messi emigrated to Europe as a thirteen year old.
Wikipedia page: Lionel Messi (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Player profile | Reception
text: Despite having lived in Spain since age 13, Messi has said: "Argentina is my country, my family, my way of expressing myself.
section_header: Summary
text: Born and raised in central Argentina, Messi relocated to Spain to join Barcelona at age 13, for whom he made his competitive debut aged 17 in October 2004.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Zillow was founded by people who had worked in disruptive models for the travel industry.
Wikipedia page: Zillow (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Zillow Group, Inc., or simply Zillow, is an American online real estate database company that was founded in 2006, and was created by Rich Barton and Lloyd Frink, former Microsoft executives and founders of Microsoft spin-off Expedia, Spencer Rascoff, a cofounder of Hotwire.com, David Beitel, Zillow's current chief technology officer, and Kristin Acker, Zillow's current senior vice president of experience design.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ty Cobb was famous for violent conflicts and was a philanthropist.
Wikipedia page: Ty Cobb (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While he was known for often violent conflicts, he spoke favorably about black players joining the Major Leagues and was a well known philanthropist .
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kanye West claims that he has a psychological illness.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Mental health
text: In a 2019 interview with David Letterman, West stated he has bipolar disorder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Walt Disney World opened in Florida on 1971.
Wikipedia page: Walt Disney World (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Walt Disney World Resort, also called Walt Disney World and Disney World, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, in the United States, near the cities of Orlando and Kissimmee.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An X-ray, a penetrating form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, were discovered in 1895 when William Morgan presented a paper on the glow produced by them.
Wikipedia page: X-ray (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 10 picometres to 10 nanometres, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3×1015 Hz to 3×1018 Hz) and energies in the range
section_header: History | Pre-Röntgen observations and research
text: The earliest experimenter thought to have (unknowingly) produced X-rays was actuary William Morgan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Randy Newman, an American singer-songwriter, arranger and composer, has won three Emmys, seven Grammy Awards, been recognized by Disney as a Disney Legend and he has been inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Wikipedia page: Randy Newman (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 2007, he was recognized by the Walt Disney Company as a Disney Legend.
section_header: Summary
text: He has also won three Emmys, seven Grammy Awards and the Governor's Award from the Recording Academy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: World War 1 is refereed to differently by people in North America.
Wikipedia page: World War I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Names
text: After World War II began in 1939, the terms became more standard, with British Empire historians, including Canadians, favouring "The First World War" and Americans " World War I".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood was Luke Perry's final film.
Wikipedia page: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: This was the final film to feature Luke Perry, who died on March 4, 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Construction took just over 14 years.
Wikipedia page: Mount Rushmore National Memorial (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Construction
text: Between October 4, 1927, and October 31, 1941, Gutzon Borglum and 400 workers sculpted the colossal 60-foot-high (18 m) carvings of United States Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln to represent the first 130 years of American history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An unknown actor did not win an Oscar for a lead role in the movie Slumdog Millionaire.
Wikipedia page: Slumdog Millionaire (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Accolades
text: It is the eighth film ever to win eight Academy Awards and the eleventh Best Picture Oscar winner without a single acting nomination and was the last film to do so until Parasite in 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mordecai Brown was an intensely skilled pitcher, and gained many monikers over his career, like "Three Finger" and "Miner".
Wikipedia page: Mordecai Brown (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mordecai Peter Centennial Brown (October 19, 1876 – February 14, 1948), nicknamed Three Finger or Miner, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher and manager during the first two decades of the 20th century (known as the "dead-ball era").
section_header: Summary
text: Due to a farm-machinery accident in his youth (April 17, 1888), Brown lost parts of two fingers on his right hand, and in the process gained a colorful nickname.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Michael Clayton is a movie where the protagonist almost gets killed in an eruption.
Wikipedia page: Michael Clayton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Everyone at the firm presumes that Michael died in the explosion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In addition to internet infrastructure, Verisign also provides naming services.
Wikipedia page: Verisign (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Verisign operates two businesses, Naming Services, which encompasses the operation of top-level domains and critical Internet infrastructure, and Network Intelligence and Availability (NIA) Services, which encompasses DDoS mitigation, managed DNS and threat intelligence.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cate Blanchett was the first person to be awarded an Oscar for a role where the character was a Tony award winner.
Wikipedia page: Cate Blanchett (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2000–2007
text: This made Blanchett the first actor to win an Academy Award for portraying an Academy Award-winning actor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The parents of Kim Kardashian did separate when she was a child.
Wikipedia page: Kim Kardashian (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: After their parents divorced in 1991, her mother married again that year, to Caitlyn Jenner, the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There has never been an interactive entertainment product made to tell the story of The Great Gatsby to gamers.
Wikipedia page: The Great Gatsby (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Computer games
text: In 2010, Oberon Media released a casual hidden object game called Classic Adventures: The Great Gatsby.
section_header: Adaptations | Computer games
text: In 2011, as a tribute to old NES games, developer Charlie Hoey and editor Pete Smith created an 8-bit-style online game of The Great Gatsby called The Great Gatsby for NES.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Electronegativity is an idea that ions are attracted to electrons.
Wikipedia page: Electronegativity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a concept that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density) towards itself.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No Exit was adapted for film and theater.
Wikipedia page: No Exit (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: No Exit (French: Huis Clos, pronounced [ɥi klo]) is a 1944 existentialist French play by Jean-Paul Sartre.
section_header: Adaptations | Film
text: Huis clos (1954), directed by Jacqueline Audry
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tracy made appearances in seventy five movies.
Wikipedia page: Spencer Tracy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During his career, Tracy appeared in 75 films and developed a reputation among his peers as one of the screen's greatest actors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Colossus of Rhodes, built in 292 BC depicts the Greek deity, Helios, and was covered in special brass plates of uniform depth to preserve its unique gold-ish finish.
Wikipedia page: Colossus of Rhodes (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Construction
text: The lower plates were one inch (25 mm) in thickness to the knee and 3⁄4-inch (20 mm) thick from knee to abdomen, while the upper plates were 1⁄4–1⁄2-inch (6.5–12.5 mm) thick except where additional strength was required at joints such as the shoulder, neck, etc.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Judgment at Nuremberg is a drama film is a remake of a story that was first a single TV event.
Wikipedia page: Judgment at Nuremberg (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: An earlier version of the story was broadcast as a television episode of Playhouse 90.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Russian play, The Lower Depths was produced to showcase the plague of sins that the aimless underclass bring upon themselves to be miserable.
Wikipedia page: The Lower Depths (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The theme of harsh truth versus the comforting lie pervades the play from start to finish, as most of the characters choose to deceive themselves over the bleak reality of their condition.
section_header: Summary
text: The presentation of the lower classes was viewed as overly dark and unredemptive, and Gorky was clearly more interested in creating memorable characters than in advancing a formal plot.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Slipknot logo has nothing to do with devil worship.
Wikipedia page: Slipknot (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram
text: Despite popular belief, the nonagram is not a Satanist symbol and instead represents Slipknot's "battle with the fake world.
section_header: Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram
text: and it represents a 9-point star—a symbol of unity, loyalty, friendship and remembrance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Che Guevara was shot nine times, and according to Guzman, Guevara was shot through the right calf, his hair was matted with dirt, his clothes were shredded, and his feet were covered in rough leather sheaths.
Wikipedia page: Che Guevara (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Bolivia | Capture and death
text: In all, Guevara was shot nine times by Terán.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: No exit was played in English.
Wikipedia page: No Exit (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Title translations
text: English translations have also been performed under the titles
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Some people believe the Great Wall is mentioned in the holy book of Islam.
Wikipedia page: Great Wall of China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Foreign accounts
text: He associated it with the legend of the wall mentioned in the Qur'an, which Dhul-Qarnayn (commonly associated with Alexander the Great) was said to have erected to protect people near the land of the rising sun from the savages of Gog and Magog.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A 1915 movie was made from the the Sea-Wolf novel.
Wikipedia page: The Sea Wolf (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Sea-Wolf is a 1904 psychological adventure novel by American writer Jack London.
section_header: Film adaptations
text: Jack London's novel has been adapted for motion pictures: The Sea Wolf (1913), a silent motion picture starring Hobart Bosworth, with author Jack London appearing as an unnamed sailor
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 2007, she performed in at an event for attended by Libya's first family.
Wikipedia page: Mariah Carey (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Other activities | Controversies
text: In 2008, Carey performed in a New Year's Eve concert for the family of Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, something she later claimed to "feel horrible and embarrassed to have participated in." In March 2011, Carey's representative Cindi Berger stated that royalties for the song " Save The Day", which was written for her fourteenth studio album, would be donated to charities that create awareness to human rights issues to make amends for the Gadaffi error.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bucky Harris was a baseball player for the Detroit Tigers and the Cincinnati Reds.
Wikipedia page: Bucky Harris (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While Harris played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Detroit Tigers, it was his long managerial career that led to his enshrinement in the Baseball Hall of Fame, elected as a manager by the Veterans Committee, in 1975.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sound of Music takes place in France just before an invasion by Germany.
Wikipedia page: The Sound of Music (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in Austria on the eve of the Anschluss in 1938, the musical tells the story of Maria, who takes a job as governess to a large family while she decides whether to become a nun.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film Gosford Park, the murderer uses poison on the victim.
Wikipedia page: Gosford Park (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Realizing he was her son and that he intended to kill his father, Mrs Wilson poisoned Sir William to ensure Robert’s only crime would be stabbing a dead body.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This short story by Dickens was insanely popular when it was published.
Wikipedia page: The Old Curiosity Shop (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was so popular that New York readers stormed the wharf when the ship bearing the final instalment arrived in 1841.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Major Barbara is a novel conceived by Hemingway.
Wikipedia page: Major Barbara (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Major Barbara is a three-act English play by George Bernard Shaw, written and premiered in 1905 and first published in 1907.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bert Blyleven was born in the United States.
Wikipedia page: Bert Blyleven (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Blyleven was born in the Netherlands but was raised in Garden Grove, California where he attended Santiago High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Knight was played for the University of Oregon.
Wikipedia page: Phil Knight (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He ran track under coach Bill Bowerman at the University of Oregon, with whom he would co-found Nike.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Leo X was a cash friendly character going in debt with indulgence in many areas in his time in the Papacy
Wikipedia page: Pope Leo X (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and Legacy | Excessive spending
text: Pope Leo X once said, infamously, "God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it." Leo was renowned for spending money lavishly on the arts; on charities; on benefices for his friends, relatives, and even people he barely knew; on dynastic wars, such as the War of Urbino; and on his own personal luxury.
section_header: Death and Legacy | Failure to stem the Reformation
text: A major contributor was his lavish spending (especially on the arts and himself) which led the papal treasury into mounting debt and his decision to authorize the sale of indulgences.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Ostend Manifesto outlined a plan to send enslaved people to Africa.
Wikipedia page: Ostend Manifesto (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ostend Manifesto, also known as the Ostend Circular, was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The overall sum of adenosine triphosphate plus adenosine diphosphate in the human body is pretty much the same all the time.
Wikipedia page: Adenosine triphosphate (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Production from AMP and ADP | ATP recycling
text: Thus, at any given time, the total amount of ATP + ADP remains fairly constant.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frida stars Dolores del Rio as Frida.
Wikipedia page: Frida (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Starring Salma Hayek in an Academy Award–nominated portrayal as Kahlo and Alfred Molina as her husband, Diego Rivera
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Tinker was a baseball player that was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1946 and won  four World Series with the Cubs.
Wikipedia page: Joe Tinker (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tinker was a member of the Chicago Cubs dynasty that won four pennants and two World Series championships between 1906 and 1910.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Crying Game takes place in Northern Ireland.
Wikipedia page: The Crying Game (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film explores themes of race, gender, nationality, and sexuality against the backdrop of the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
section_header: Plot
text: At a fairground in rural Northern Ireland, a Provisional IRA volunteer named Fergus and a unit of other IRA members, led by a man named Maguire, kidnap a black British soldier named Jody after a female member of their unit, Jude, lures Jody to a secluded area with the promise of sex.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cnidaria is primarily pelagic and their embody of non cellular gelatinous material.
Wikipedia page: Cnidaria (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Their bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living jelly-like substance, sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick.
section_header: Summary
text: Cnidaria () is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species of aquatic animals found both in freshwater and marine environments: they are predominantly marine.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Ottoman Empire was a state and caliphate that controlled much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries with a population estimate for the empire of 11,692,480 for the 1520–1535 period obtained by counting the households in Ottoman tithe registers, and multiplying this number by 5.
Wikipedia page: Ottoman Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Devlet- Devlet- i ʿAlīye -i ʿOsmānīye, literally "The Sublime Ottoman State"; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti; French: Empire ottoman) was a state and caliphate that controlled much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kidney stones are a fairly new disease of the kidney.
Wikipedia page: Kidney (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Kidney stones have been identified and recorded about as long as written historical records exist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Persuasion does not influence people.
Wikipedia page: Persuasion (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Methods | Weapons of influence | Social proof
text: We become more influenced by people around us in situations that present a decision.
section_header: Summary
text: Persuasion can also be interpreted as using one's personal or positional resources to change people's behaviors or attitudes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Commercial refractometers use prisms.
Wikipedia page: Refractive index (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Refractive index measurement | Homogeneous media
text: In this instrument a thin layer of the liquid to be measured is placed between two prisms.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Zama was fought in 202 BC near Zama, now in Tunisia, and marked the end of the Second Punic War where defeated on their home ground, the Carthaginian ruling elite sued for peace and accepted humiliating terms, ending the 17 week war.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Zama (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Defeated on their home ground, the Carthaginian ruling elite sued for peace and accepted humiliating terms, ending the 17-year war.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frozen is the second highest grossing animated film.
Wikipedia page: Frozen (2013 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office | Outside North America
text: Frozen is the ninth-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing animated film, and the highest-grossing 2013 film.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gunpowder Plot was an ineffective plan to kill King James I.
Wikipedia page: Gunpowder Plot (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries  often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Mize was not an outfielder for the Yankees or Giants.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Mize (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early MLB career
text: He later said, "I'm the only guy who played in the major leagues because I couldn't play in the minors." Mize was known as both "Big Jawn" and "The Big Cat" for his smooth fielding at first base.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Abbasid Caliphate's most celebrated work, though not the Caliphate itself, was cut short by North Asians.
Wikipedia page: Abbasid Caliphate (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Islamic Golden Age
text: The Abbasid historical period lasting to the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258 CE is considered the Islamic Golden Age.
section_header: History | Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo (1261–1517)
text: In 1261, following the devastation of Baghdad by the Mongols, the Mamluk rulers of Egypt re-established the Abbasid caliphate in Cairo.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joseph Andrews was released as an 18th century novel.
Wikipedia page: Joseph Andrews (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspirations
text: The novel embodies a fusion of two competing aesthetics of 18th-century literature: the mock-heroic and neoclassical (and, by extension, aristocratic) approach of Augustans such as Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift; and the popular, domestic prose fiction of novelists such as Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gehringer was referred to as "Chichi" in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Gehringer (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Charles Leonard Gehringer (May 11, 1903 – January 21, 1993), nicknamed "The Mechanical Man", was an American professional baseball second baseman, coach, general manager, and team vice president, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers for 19 seasons (1924–1942).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Walter Johnson who predominantly pitched with his right hand set a record of more than 400 wins.
Wikipedia page: Walter Johnson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is the only pitcher in major league history to record over 400 wins and strike out over 3,500 batters.
section_header: Summary
text: Walter Perry Johnson (November 6, 1887 – December 10, 1946), nicknamed "Barney" and "The Big Train", was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Echinoderms are not benthic.
Wikipedia page: Echinoderm (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Distribution and habitat
text: While almost all echinoderms are benthic – that is, they live on the sea floor – some sea-lilies can swim at great velocity for brief periods of time, and a few deep-sea sea cucumbers are fully floating.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Attack on Pearl Harbor was over in less than 2 hours, leaving 3,030 sailors dead and 760 wounded.
Wikipedia page: Attack on Pearl Harbor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Approach and attack | American casualties and damage
text: 2,008 sailors were killed and 710 others wounded; 218 soldiers and airmen (who were part of the Army prior to the independent United States Air Force in 1947) were killed and 364 wounded; 109 marines were killed and 69 wounded; and 68 civilians were killed and 35 wounded.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This film is about the 2012 election and the scandals going on behind the scenes.
Wikipedia page: All the President's Men (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Michael Clayton stars George Clooney.
Wikipedia page: Michael Clayton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Michael Clayton is a 2007 American legal thriller film written and directed by Tony Gilroy in his feature directorial debut and starring George Clooney, Tom Wilkinson, Tilda Swinton, and Sydney Pollack.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Homage to Catalonia is George Orwell's personal account of his experiences and observations fighting for the POUM militia of the Republican army during the Spanish Civil War, and the only translation published in Orwell's lifetime was into Italian, in December 1948.
Wikipedia page: Homage to Catalonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The only translation published in Orwell's lifetime was into Italian, in December 1948.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jay-Z is a famous philanthropist, businessman, and author of several albums becoming the richest musician.
Wikipedia page: Jay-Z (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Philanthropy
text: Jay-Z has previously stated in a song that "the greatest form of giving is anonymous to anonymous" and, in 2013, it was revealed by author dream hampton, who co-wrote Jay-Z's book Decoded, that he quietly established a trust fund for Sean Bell's children.
section_header: Summary
text: In June 2019, Jay-Z officially became the first hip hop billionaire, making him the fifth-wealthiest African American and the wealthiest American musician.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: March grew up in Wisconsin and his first job was a banker.
Wikipedia page: Fredric March (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: March was born in Racine, Wisconsin, the son of Cora Brown Marcher (1863–1936), a schoolteacher from England, and John F. Bickel (1859–1941), a devout Presbyterian Church elder who worked in the wholesale hardware business.
section_header: Early life
text: He began a career as a banker, but an emergency appendectomy caused him to re-evaluate his life, and in 1920, he began working as an "extra" in movies made in New York City, using a shortened form of his mother's maiden name.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George B. McClellan was a general for the Confederate army.
Wikipedia page: George B. McClellan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army, which would become the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater; he served a brief period (November 1861 to March 1862) as general-in-chief of the Union Army.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tyler's father-in-law was the manager of a farm.
Wikipedia page: John Tyler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and legal career
text: His wife, Mary Marot (Armistead), was the daughter of a prominent plantation owner, Robert Booth Armistead.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: France and its territories have a great deal of time regions, second only to Great Britain.
Wikipedia page: France (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: France, including its overseas territories, has the most time zones of any country, with a total of 12.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lady Gaga never went to college and instead worked at the raw meat counter at a New York store.
Wikipedia page: Lady Gaga (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She studied at Collaborative Arts Project 21, through New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, before dropping out to pursue a music career.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Freddie Lindstrom gave twelve years of his life to the baseball league.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Lindstrom (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He retired after 13 seasons in 1936.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The time period in India that followed Ancient times was one of diverse culture.
Wikipedia page: India (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Medieval India
text: The Indian early medieval age, 600 CE to 1200 CE, is defined by regional kingdoms and cultural diversity.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author of this book got in a lot of hot water with certain devout groups.
Wikipedia page: The Satanic Verses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversy | Fatwa
text: In mid-February 1989, following a violent riot against the book in Pakistan, the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, then Supreme Leader of Iran and a Shi'a Muslim scholar, issued a fatwa calling for the death of Rushdie and his publishers, and called for Muslims to point him out to those who can kill him if they cannot themselves.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dances with Wolves is a 1990 American epic Western film with an initial budget of $15 million, which ended up grossing $424.2 million worldwide.
Wikipedia page: Dances with Wolves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film was a massive box office hit, grossing $424.2 million worldwide, making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 1990, and is the highest-grossing film for Orion Pictures.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jerusalem has existed for at least 5 millennia.
Wikipedia page: Jerusalem (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Given the city's central position in both Jewish nationalism (Zionism) and Palestinian nationalism, the selectivity required to summarize some 5,000 years of inhabited history is often influenced by ideological bias or background.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johann Strauss, the Younger had two siblings.
Wikipedia page: Johann Strauss, the Younger (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Strauss had two younger brothers, Josef and Eduard Strauss, who became composers of light music as well, although they were never as well known as their older brother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dian Fossey's cabin was cut open allowing her murderer to enter her room and kill her on December 27, 1985.
Wikipedia page: Dian Fossey (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: In the early morning of  December 27, 1985, Fossey was discovered murdered in the bedroom of her cabin located at the far edge of the camp in the Virunga Mountains, Rwanda.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Warren Harding's ancestry was from Netherlands and United Kingdom.
Wikipedia page: Warren G. Harding (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career | Childhood and education
text: Harding also had ancestors from England, Wales and Scotland.
section_header: Early life and career | Childhood and education
text: Some of Harding's mother's ancestors were Dutch, including the well-known Van Kirk family.
Verdict: SUPPORTS