tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was based in a fictional town.
Wikipedia page: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is set in the 1840s in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Carter was in the Armed Forces.
Wikipedia page: Jimmy Carter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Naval career
text: From 1946 to 1953, Carter and Rosalynn lived in Virginia, Hawaii, Connecticut, New York and California, during his deployments in the Atlantic and Pacific fleets.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In Cold Blood is based on a real life murder.
Wikipedia page: In Cold Blood (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Cold Blood is a non-fiction novel by American author Truman Capote, first published in 1966; it details the 1959 murders of four members of the Herbert Clutter family in the small farming community of Holcomb, Kansas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film is a sequel to the Lord of the Rings films.
Wikipedia page: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story is set in Middle-earth sixty years before the main events of The Lord of the Rings, and portions of the film are adapted from the appendices to Tolkien's The Return of the King.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Robert "Bob" Marley Day, the day of his birth, was declared to be a national holiday in Jamaica after he died.
Wikipedia page: Bob Marley (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was posthumously honored by Jamaica soon after his death with a designated Order of Merit by his nation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nitrogen only occurs in some organisms.
Wikipedia page: Nitrogen (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids (and thus proteins), in the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frank Chance did such good baseball that a place of baseballing was entitled after him in the 30's.
Wikipedia page: Frank Chance (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Honors
text: Chance was also elected to the Fresno County Athletic Hall of Fame's first class, in 1959.A baseball field in Fresno named after Chance operated from 1935 to 1941.
section_header: Honors
text: Joe DiMaggio played in the first-ever game at Frank Chance Field.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James G. Blaine passed away from falling because of firecracker accident that caused his health to deteriorate.
Wikipedia page: James G. Blaine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Retirement and death
text: He had been playing with fireworks when one went off in his closed fist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stevie Wonder has 9 kids.
Wikipedia page: Stevie Wonder (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Children
text: Wonder has nine children by five different women.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hitler and Eva Braun were wed in the Führerbunker and took their own lives almost 2 days later.
Wikipedia page: Führerbunker (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hitler married Eva Braun there on 29 April 1945, less than 40 hours before they committed suicide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Adolphe Adam's father was an instructor.
Wikipedia page: Adolphe Adam (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dracula had one official secondary story which was published a short time after Stoker's death and was likely just the cut beginning chapters of the original story.
Wikipedia page: Dracula (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Official derivative publications | "Dracula's Guest"
text: It was, according to most contemporary critics, the deleted first (or second) chapter from the original manuscript and the one which gave the volume its name, but which the original publishers deemed unnecessary to the overall story.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Drysdale played for three teams.
Wikipedia page: Don Drysdale (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A right-handed pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers/Los Angeles Dodgers for his entire career in Major League Baseball
section_header: Playing career
text: Pitching for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers, he teamed with Sandy Koufax during the late 1950s and early and middle 1960s to form one of the most dominating pitching duos in history.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leonard Bernstein ( BURN-styne; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, pianist, music educator, author, and lifelong humanitarian who's works include two symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's "Symposium", and the original score for the film On the Waterfront.
Wikipedia page: Leonard Bernstein (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His works include three symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's "Symposium", the original score for the film On the Waterfront, and theater works including On the Town, Wonderful Town, Candide, and his MASS.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harry S. Truman, the 33rd president of the United States, lived lavishly after he left office focusing his attention on large parties.
Wikipedia page: Harry S. Truman (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower's electoral victory against Democrat Adlai Stevenson II, Truman went into a financially difficult retirement, marked by the founding of his presidential library and the publication of his memoirs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nirvana was not invented by Kurt Cobain.
Wikipedia page: Nirvana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pali: निब्बान nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa, literally "blown out", as in an oil lamp) is commonly associated with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release, the liberation from repeated rebirth in saṃsāra.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brown signed with the Yankees in his 20s.
Wikipedia page: Mordecai Brown (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Brown's most productive period was when he played for the Chicago Cubs from 1904 through 1912.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the play Desire Under the Elms, Abbie kills her baby boy that has Ephraim as a father.
Wikipedia page: Desire Under the Elms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Influences
text: O'Neill takes this one step further in Desire Under the Elms and makes Abbie's misguided actions the begetting and murder of her child.
section_header: Synopsis
text: Abbie faints. Abbie faints. Act 3, Scene 4 Ephraim wakes up, and Abbie tells him she has murdered the baby and that it wasn't his.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lady Chatterley's Lover was banned from several countries including the United States.
Wikipedia page: Lady Chatterley's Lover (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The book was also banned for obscenity in the United States (1929–59), Canada, Australia, India, and Japan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: When asked about the current U.S President, De Niro has had nothing to say but kept his comments to himself.
Wikipedia page: Robert De Niro (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Politics
text: De Niro is an outspoken critic of President Donald Trump.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Amsterdam market where they trade pieces of public companies has been around longer than any other "modern" market on earth.
Wikipedia page: Amsterdam (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Amsterdam Stock Exchange is considered the oldest “modern" securities market stock exchange in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ghosts  are always spirits of dead people.
Wikipedia page: Ghosts (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In folklore, a ghost (sometimes known as an apparition, haunt, phantom, poltergeist, shade, specter or spectre, spirit, spook, and wraith) is the soul or spirit of a dead person or animal that can appear to the living.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jim Palmer's parents were German immigrants.
Wikipedia page: Jim Palmer (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Research conducted by his third wife Susan in 2017 revealed that his biological father and mother were Michael Joseph Geheran and Mary Ann Moroney, both Irish immigrants from Counties Leitrim and Clare respectively.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Every part of Big Ben will be restored except for the clock faces.
Wikipedia page: Big Ben (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: 2017 renovation
text: The 1,296 pieces of glass that make up the clock faces are also to be removed and replaced.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Darius I was cremated when he passed and the ashes were released into the ocean.
Wikipedia page: Darius I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Soon after, Darius died. In October 486 BCE, the body of Darius was embalmed and entombed in the rock-cut tomb at Naqsh-e Rostam, which he had been preparing.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Hurt Locker was suggested to win nine awards at one award show.
Wikipedia page: The Hurt Locker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and accolades
text: It was nominated in nine categories at the 82nd Academy Awards and won in six: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Death of a Salesman is a 1949 novel by U.S author William Loman.
Wikipedia page: Death of a Salesman (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Death of a Salesman is a 1949 stage play written by American playwright Arthur Miller.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The War of the Pacific was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–American alliance from 1879 to 1884, in which the 1929 Tacna–Arica compromise gave Arica to Chile and Tacna to Peru.
Wikipedia page: War of the Pacific (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The War of the Pacific (Spanish: The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War (Spanish: Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Not much is known about Wallace's family tree or who his parents were.
Wikipedia page: William Wallace (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: William Wallace was a member of the lesser nobility, but little is definitely known of his family history or even his parentage.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kardashian has European roots.
Wikipedia page: Kim Kardashian (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Andromeda Galaxy is not visible to the naked eye.
Wikipedia page: Andromeda Galaxy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With an apparent magnitude of 3.4, the Andromeda Galaxy is among the brightest of the Messier objects, making it visible to the naked eye from Earth on moonless nights, even when viewed from areas with moderate light pollution.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The stagecoach was a closed four-wheeled vehicle used as a public transporter in the West and originated in the 12th century by the Macedonians.
Wikipedia page: Stagecoach (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Origins
text: The first crude depiction of a coach was in an English manuscript from the 13th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bette Davis is a two time Academy Award winner and she has been nominated over nine times.
Wikipedia page: Bette Davis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Academy Awards
text: In 1962, Bette Davis became the first person to secure 10 Academy Award nominations for acting.
section_header: Summary
text: A recipient of two Academy Awards, she was the first thespian to garner ten nominations.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The My Ántonia film was derived from the book released in 1918.
Wikipedia page: My Antonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Television
text: My Antonia, a 1995 made-for-television movie, was adapted from the novel.
section_header: Reception and literary significance
text: My Ántonia was enthusiastically received in 1918 when it was first published.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bob Seger got married 3 times and his first two marriages only eclipsed the 1 year mark.
Wikipedia page: Bob Seger (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Seger's first marriage to Renee Andrietti in 1968 lasted for "one day short of a year".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: McCarthy was a Democrat.
Wikipedia page: Joseph McCarthy (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Greek story of Rhodopis is the most recent known  version of Cinderella, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo.
Wikipedia page: Cinderella (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis
text: The oldest known oral version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means "Rosy-Cheeks".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: LG Electronics has lied about the energy ratings of many of their major appliances.
Wikipedia page: LG Electronics (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Environmental record
text: In 2006, LG overstated energy efficiency on five of its air conditioner models and was again required to offer consumers rebates to cover the extra energy costs.
section_header: Environmental record
text: In 2004, LG made 4A-rated water efficiency claims for numerous washing machines before they were certified.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Trojan Women was played in the recent years.
Wikipedia page: The Trojan Women (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Modern Treatments and Adaptations
text: The Trojan Women, directed by Marti Maraden, was performed at the Stratford Shakespeare Festival at the Tom Patterson Theatre in Stratford, Ontario, Canada, from May 14 to October 5, 2008 with Canadian actress Martha Henry as Hecuba.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James has 4 aid foundations that are located in Miami, Florida and they are about improving housing for the homeless.
Wikipedia page: LeBron James (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Off the court | Activism
text: He also has his own charity foundation, the LeBron James Family Foundation, which is based in Akron.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: World War II involved millions of people and started in Europe with France and England declaring war on Germany after Germany invaded Prague.
Wikipedia page: World War II (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Chronology
text: The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Slaughterhouse Five is a non-fictional book about the moral struggle with war and the characters are based on true events.
Wikipedia page: Slaughterhouse Five (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: : A Duty-Dance with Death is a science fiction-infused anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut, first published in 1969.
section_header: Plot
text: The narrator describes the stories of Billy Pilgrim, an American man from the fictional town of Ilium, New York who believes he was held in an alien zoo on the fictional planet of Tralfamadore and has experienced time travel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Linkin Park band's earlier music fused two different genres of music.
Wikipedia page: Linkin Park (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Linkin Park is among the best-selling bands of the 21st century and the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 100 million records worldwide.
section_header: Summary
text: Categorized as alternative rock, Linkin Park’s earlier music spanned a fusion of heavy metal and hip hop, while they later transitioned into more electronica and pop influenced music.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Francisco Pizarro was the original creator of a city in Peru
Wikipedia page: Francisco Pizarro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In January 1535, Pizarro founded the city of Lima.
section_header: Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)
text: Pizarro founded the city of Lima on Peru's central coast on 6 January 1535, which he considered to be one of the most important things he had created in life.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Fremont was the child of Anne Whiting and Charles Fremont.
Wikipedia page: John C. Frémont (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, education, and career
text: Anne and Frémon fled to Williamsburg on July 10, 1811, later settling in Norfolk, Virginia, taking with them household slaves Anne had inherited.
section_header: Early life, education, and career
text: The couple later settled in Savannah, Georgia, where she gave birth to their son Frémont out of wedlock.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tess of the d'Urbervilles was first printed in the late 1800s.
Wikipedia page: Tess of the d'Urbervilles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It initially appeared in a censored and serialised version, published by the British illustrated newspaper The Graphic in 1891, then in book form in three volumes in 1891, and as a single volume in 1892.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Magic Johnson liked signal he was going to send the ball to one of the members of his team, the Lakers, by slightly angling his head in that person's direction.
Wikipedia page: Los Angeles Lakers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Team history | 1979–1991: "Showtime"
text: It took Johnson's teammates time to acclimate themselves to his passing ability, as his "no-look" passes often caught them unaware.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Peace of Utrecht was made to avoid a merge between the kingdoms of Great Britain and Spain.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Utrecht (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The other major powers in Europe were not willing to tolerate the potential union of two such powerful states.
section_header: Summary
text: Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip to take the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Actor and bodybuilder Arnold Schwarzenegger was governor of California and won Mr. Universe at age 20.
Wikipedia page: Arnold Schwarzenegger (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He served as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sirius is from a Greek word meaning God.
Wikipedia page: Sirius (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its name is derived from the Greek word
section_header: Summary
text: Σείριος Seirios "glowing" or "scorching".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cymbeline is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain is about two boys with a stolen identity and the consequences of the action taken by a treacherous Queen.
Wikipedia page: Cymbeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Cymbeline, the Roman Empire's vassal king of Britain, once had two sons, Guiderius and Arvirargus, but they were stolen twenty years earlier as infants by an exiled traitor named Belarius.
section_header: Synopsis
text: The treacherous Queen is now wasting away due to the disappearance of her son Cloten.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lighthouse of Alexandria is not one of the seven wonders of the world.
Wikipedia page: Lighthouse of Alexandria (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Pharos in culture | In video games
text: The lighthouse was one of the Wonders of the World that could be built in the 1991 computer game Civilization, giving a bonus to ship movement.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Profilometers show the amount of friction on a given surface.
Wikipedia page: Friction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Applications | Measurement
text: A tribometer is an instrument that measures friction on a surface.
section_header: Applications | Measurement
text: A profilograph is a device used to measure pavement surface roughness.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was converted into a Muslim mosque in 1453.
Wikipedia page: Hagia Sophia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453, it was converted to a mosque by Mehmed the Conqueror.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Wars of the Roses was a dispute and was ended by the unity by marriage .
Wikipedia page: Wars of the Roses (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After Richard III was killed and his forces defeated at Bosworth Field, Henry assumed the throne as Henry VII and married Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV, thereby uniting the two claims.
section_header: Summary
text: The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, represented by a red rose, and the House of York, represented by a white rose.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Decatur had 3 kids with his wife.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Decatur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage
text: The couple never had children during their fourteen years of marriage.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The director originally wanted to do a film about Jean Grey.
Wikipedia page: Captain Marvel (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Post-production
text: Feige said this was done because the film is Marvel's first since Lee died, and they wanted to start the film by acknowledging him with a celebration of his legacy rather than add a somber memorial to the end of the film.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club promoting themselves as The Academy of Football and have been winners of the FA Cup more than twice.
Wikipedia page: West Ham United F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: West Ham have been winners of the FA Cup three times; in 1964, 1975 and 1980, and have also been runners-up twice; in 1923 and 2006.
section_header: Summary
text: West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club based in Stratford, East London.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first digital  Star Wars game came out in the early 1980's.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)
text: In 1982, Parker Brothers published the first Star Wars video game for the Atari 2600, Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, followed soon the year later by Star Wars: Jedi Arena, the first video game to depict lightsaber combat.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pat Gillick bummed rides to Canada so he could play semi-pro.
Wikipedia page: Pat Gillick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: After graduating from Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks, California, he hitchhiked to Vulcan, Alberta, to toil as a kid pitcher with the semi-pro Vulcan Elks of the Foothills-Wheatbelt League.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film was shot in many locations including Washington, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
Wikipedia page: The Deer Hunter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Filming | Filming locations
text: Also including, the town's bowling alley is the Bowladrome Lanes, located at 56 State Street, Struthers, Ohio. Weirton, West Virginia, for mill and trailer shots.
section_header: Filming | Filming locations
text: Steubenville, Ohio, for some mill and neighborhood shots.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Decatur was an accomplished naval officer and captured several enemy vessels.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Decatur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: War of 1812 | United States captures Macedonian
text: Macedonian had no option but surrender, and thus was taken as a prize by Decatur.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The poem "Thanatopsis" translates too thoughts of dying.
Wikipedia page: Thanatopsis (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Thanatopsis" is a poem by the American poet William Cullen Bryant.
section_header: Summary
text: Meaning 'a consideration of death', the word is derived from the Greek 'thanatos' (death) and 'opsis' (view, sight).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The twelve part epic poem The Aeneid by Virgil was passed down orally and was written in chaotic times.
Wikipedia page: Aeneid (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Because it was composed and preserved in writing rather than orally, the text exhibits less variation than other classical epics.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thomas Jefferson was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809, and ranks low among the top U.S. presidents.
Wikipedia page: Thomas Jefferson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Although some modern scholars have been critical of Jefferson and slavery, Jefferson continues to rank highly, among the top ten U.S. presidents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889 ans in 2015 over six million people went up it.
Wikipedia page: Eiffel Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kiki Cuyler played for the Cincinnati Reds and won a World Series with the Pirates.
Wikipedia page: Kiki Cuyler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He compiled over 200 hits in three separate seasons and won the World Series in 1925 with the Pirates.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Fall of the House of Usher is a lyrical long poem.
Wikipedia page: The Fall of the House of Usher (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839 in Burton's Gentleman's Magazine, then included in the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque in 1840.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Tannenberg happened during WWII.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Tannenberg (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hampi is a centre for Hindus in India.
Wikipedia page: Hampi (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hampi or Hampe, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-central Karnataka, India.
section_header: Summary
text: It became the pilgrimage centre of the Hindu religion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Alhambra is in Spain and has an area named after an event where many people where killed in the palace.
Wikipedia page: The Alhambra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: lit. ' " The Red One"') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain.
section_header: Main structures | Hall of the Abencerrajes
text: The Sala de los Abencerrajes (Hall of the Abencerrages) derives its name from a legend according to which the father of Boabdil, the last sultan of Granada, having invited the chiefs of that line to a banquet, massacred them here.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Judge Kenesaw Landis violated laws and appeared in several courtrooms asking for consent to make amends.
Wikipedia page: Kenesaw Landis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Landis received national attention in 1907 when he fined Standard Oil of Indiana more than $29 million ($800 million in 2020) for violating federal laws forbidding rebates on railroad freight tariffs.
section_header: Summary
text: Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and is about a young man's self-exile to Morocco.
Wikipedia page: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Stephen questions and rebels against the Catholic and Irish conventions under which he has grown, culminating in his self-exile from Ireland to Europe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rhinoceros are some of the largest remaining megafauna, with all species able to reach or exceed one tonne in weight, and have no real predators in the wild, other than humans.
Wikipedia page: Rhinoceros (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Predators, poaching and hunting
text: Adult rhinoceros have no real predators in the wild, other than humans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland saw its origins in a tale told while on a picnic.
Wikipedia page: Alice in Wonderland (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Background | "All in the golden afternoon..."
text: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865, three years after Lewis Carroll and the Reverend Robinson Duckworth, on 4 July, rowed up the Isis river in a boat with three young girls—a day known as the "golden afternoon," prefaced in the novel as a poem.
section_header: Background | "All in the golden afternoon..."
text: During the trip Dodgson told the girls a story that featured a bored little girl named Alice who goes looking for an adventure.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francisco Pizarro was related to Hernan Cortes.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Pizarro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Through his father, Francisco was a second cousin, once removed, of Hernán Cortés.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stephens wrote his own US history book.
Wikipedia page: Alexander H. Stephens (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: He published a U.S. history in 1868–1870, laying out the Lost Cause of the Confederacy: that secession was legal, and the attacks from the North aggression.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Talmud is still significant  in Judaism and more so for people studying to be rabbis.
Wikipedia page: Talmud (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Role in Judaism | Present day
text: Orthodox Judaism continues to stress the importance of Talmud study as a central component of Yeshiva curriculum, in particular for those training to become rabbis.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Fremont had Scottish roots from his daddy.
Wikipedia page: John C. Frémont (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, education, and career
text: John Charles Frémont was born on January 21, 1813, the son of Charles Frémon, a French-Canadian immigrant school-teacher, and Anne Beverley Whiting, the youngest daughter of socially prominent Virginia planter Col. Thomas Whiting.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tim Raines could of played college football and is best known for playing with the Chicago White Sox and the New York Yankees.
Wikipedia page: Tim Raines (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played as a left fielder in Major League Baseball for six teams from 1979 to 2002 and was best known for his 13 seasons with the Montreal Expos.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Some guy who wrote a story about a porpoise instead of some sort of eldritch swamp-being accused Guillermo det Toro of stealing his super original idea to make The Shape of Water.
Wikipedia page: The Shape of Water (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Plagiarism accusations
text: In February 2018, the estate of Paul Zindel initiated a lawsuit in United States District Court for the Central District of California against director Guillermo del Toro and associate producer Daniel Kraus, alleging that The Shape of Water "brazenly copies the story, elements, characters, and themes" of Zindel's 1969 work Let Me Hear You Whisper, which depicts a cleaning lady bonding with a dolphin and attempting to rescue it from a secret research laboratory's nefarious uses.
section_header: Reception | Plagiarism accusations
text: Responding to Jeunet's accusations of plagiarism by email, del Toro cited on the influences of Terry Gilliam's works as the inspiration for The Shape of Water.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Walter Johnson was born in a farm in California.
Wikipedia page: Walter Johnson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Walter Johnson was the second of six children (Effie, Leslie, Earl, Blanche) born to Frank Edwin Johnson (1861–1921) and Minnie Olive Perry (1867–1967) on a rural farm four miles west of Humboldt, Kansas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lemmon was an only child.
Wikipedia page: Jack Lemmon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the only child of Mildred Burgess (née LaRue; 1896–1967) and John Uhler Lemmon II (1893–1962), president of the Doughnut Corporation of America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Celtic F.C. is an Irish soccer team that came about in 1886 and in Dublin.
Wikipedia page: Celtic F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Celtic Football Club ( SEL-tik) is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership.
section_header: History
text: Celtic Football Club was formally constituted at a meeting in St. Mary's church hall in East Rose Street (now Forbes Street), Calton, Glasgow, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid on 6 November 1887, with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the East End of Glasgow by raising money for the charity Walfrid had instituted, the Poor Children's Dinner Table.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey the second movie of a trilogy film series.
Wikipedia page: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the first installment in a three-part film adaptation based on J. R. R. Tolkien’s 1937 novel The Hobbit.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zora Neale Hurston was a Canadian author who moved to Florida as a teenager.
Wikipedia page: Zora Neale Hurston (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Zora Neale Hurston (January 7, 1891 – January 28, 1960) was an American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is one of top 5 economies in Africa.
Wikipedia page: South Africa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy
text: South Africa has a mixed economy, the second largest in Africa after Nigeria.
section_header: Politics and government | Foreign relations
text: South Africa is one of the founding members of the African Union (AU), and has the second largest economy of all the members.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Shakespeare's tragedy premiered in the 17th century.
Wikipedia page: Macbeth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Macbeth Macbeth (; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Cherokee was one of the Five Civilized Tribes and had slaves.
Wikipedia page: Cherokee (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers.
section_header: Culture | Slavery among the Cherokee
text: Of the Five Civilized Tribes removed to Indian Territory, the Cherokee were the largest tribe and held the most enslaved African Americans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An airplane just above the arc of the Arc de Triomphe in 1919 and was photographed.
Wikipedia page: Arc de Triomphe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Three weeks after the Paris victory parade in 1919 (marking the end of hostilities in World War I), Charles Godefroy flew his Nieuport biplane under the arch's primary vault, with the event captured on newsreel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are three types of capacitance and mutual capacitance is important in the function of a capacitor.
Wikipedia page: Capacitance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There are two closely related notions of capacitance: self capacitance and mutual capacitance.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chandragupta Maurya was immortalized on tiny adhesive squares by the country's courier network in the 2,000's
Wikipedia page: Chandragupta Maurya (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: The Indian Postal Service issued a commemorative postage stamp honouring Chandragupta Maurya in 2001.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lyft is an American ridesharing company based in San Francisco, and is the basic and most popular offering that matches passengers with nearby drivers.
Wikipedia page: Lyft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lyft, Inc. is an American  ridesharing company based in San Francisco, California and operating in 644 cities in the United States and 12 cities in Canada.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johannes Brahms was religious for most of his life and had a great deal of effect on his music composition.
Wikipedia page: Johannes Brahms (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Beliefs
text: Brahms was baptised into the Lutheran church as an infant, and was confirmed at aged fifteen (at St. Michael's Church, Hamburg), but has been described as an agnostic and a humanist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Anita Borg founded the Systers mailing list in 1987.
Wikipedia page: Anita Borg (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Her experience running the ever-expanding Systers mailing list, which she founded in 1987, led her to work in email communication.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rice was most known as a pitcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Wikipedia page: Sam Rice (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Playing for the Washington Senators from 1915 until 1933, he was regularly among the American League leaders in runs scored, hits, stolen bases and batting average.
section_header: Summary
text: Although Rice made his debut as a relief pitcher, he is best known as an outfielder.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Grubhub almost merged with Uber but was bought by Amazon in 2020.
Wikipedia page: Grubhub (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Announced acquisition
text: However, on June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway announced it would be purchasing Grubhub for $7.3 billion in an all-stock deal.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Emma Watson was born in Ireland to English parents.
Wikipedia page: Emma Watson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ignacio Hidalgo-Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor (8 May 1753 – 30 July 1811), the first child of Don Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla and Doña Ana María Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñorwas a Spanish Roman Catholic priest, a leader of the Mexican War of Independence, and recognized as the Father of the Nation.
Wikipedia page: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Hidalgo was the second-born child of Don Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla and Doña Ana María Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Jay Hanna "Dizzy" Dean got his nickname in the U.S. Army.
Wikipedia page: Dizzy Dean (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He earned his nickname in 1929 in San Antonio, Texas, while in the U.S. Army and pitching for the Fort Sam Houston baseball team.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Close to 300 people lost their life during the Falklands War.
Wikipedia page: Falklands War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Casualties
text: In total, 907 were killed during the 74 days of the conflict:  Argentina – 649Ejército Argentino (Army) –
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Canopus is the penultimate star in the sky in terms of ranked brightness, right behind Polaris as the most luminous.
Wikipedia page: Canopus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Canopus , also designated α Carinae, Latinised to Alpha Carinae, is the brightest star  in the southern constellation of Carina and the second-brightest star in the night sky.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was killed in the Philippines.
Wikipedia page: Ferdinand Magellan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Fremont was poor when he died.
Wikipedia page: John C. Frémont (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After his resignation as governor, Frémont retired from politics and died destitute in New York City in 1890.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Addie Joss could of been traded to Boston or the Cardinals.
Wikipedia page: Addie Joss (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Contract dispute
text: Midway through the 1901 season, the Boston Americans of the upstart American League offered $1,500 ($46,098) to Toledo to buy out Joss's contract.
section_header: Early life | Contract dispute
text: The St. Louis Cardinals of the National League (NL) matched Boston's offer; Toledo rejected both offers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The sculptor of the Statue of Zeus at Olympia had a tumbler with his name on it.
Wikipedia page: Statue of Zeus at Olympia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Phidias' workshop
text: A cup inscribed "ΦΕΙΔΙΟΥ ΕΙΜΙ" or
section_header: Phidias' workshop
text: "I belong to Phidias" was found at the site.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kenny G is from Canada.
Wikipedia page: Kenny G (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Kenny G was born in Seattle, Washington.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Forrest Gump movie is faithful to the book of the same name.
Wikipedia page: Forrest Gump (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film differs substantially from the novel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nitrogen has the abbreviation NT.
Wikipedia page: Nitrogen (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Willie Keeler's moniker on the field was "Wee Willie".
Wikipedia page: Willie Keeler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William Henry Keeler (March 3, 1872 – January 1, 1923), nicknamed "Wee Willie", was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1892 to 1910, primarily for the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas in the National League, and the New York Highlanders in the American League.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Juan Marichal is a Cuban baseball player that played for the Giants and the Red Sox.
Wikipedia page: Juan Marichal (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Juan Antonio Marichal Sánchez (born October 20, 1937) (nicknamed The Dominican Dandy) is a Dominican former professional baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harry Heilmann's passed away due to a heart attack.
Wikipedia page: Harry Heilmann (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Heilmann died from lung cancer in July 1951; he was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame six months later in January 1952 after garnering 86.75% of the votes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Soil samples reveal that Mumbai has been populated since the Iron Age.
Wikipedia page: Mumbai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Early history
text: Pleistocene sediments found along the coastal areas around Kandivali in northern Mumbai suggest that the islands were inhabited since the South Asian Stone Age.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1998 American epic war film Saving Private Ryan won five Academy Awards.
Wikipedia page: Saving Private Ryan (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Awards
text: The film later won five including Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Film Editing, and Best Director for Spielberg; his second win in that category.
section_header: Reception | Awards
text: The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, and Best Original Screenplay.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lil Wayne's mom was an educator.
Wikipedia page: Lil Wayne (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother, a cook, gave birth to him when she was 19 years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chandragupta Maurya supported the Greeks in overthrowing the Nanda dynasty.
Wikipedia page: Maurya Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Founding
text: The Greek generals Eudemus and Peithon ruled in the Indus Valley until around 317 BCE, when Chandragupta Maurya (with the help of Chanakya, who was now his advisor) orchestrated a rebellion to drive out the Greek governors, and subsequently brought the Indus Valley under the control of his new seat of power in Magadha.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The "Georgia Guidestones", the time capsule under it, and the tablet west of it explaining its purpose and languages, are not in the European ex-soviet state.
Wikipedia page: Georgia Guidestones (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Georgia Guidestones are a granite monument erected in 1980 in Elbert County, Georgia, in the United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lancaster died from a stroke at the age of 79.
Wikipedia page: Burt Lancaster (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Burt Lancaster died at his apartment in Century City, California, after suffering a third heart attack at 4:50 am on October 20, 1994, at the age of 80.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Church of the Holy Sepulchre is located in Rome.
Wikipedia page: Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Location
text: Today, the site of the Church is within the current walls of the old city of Jerusalem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: All the President's Men starred Robert Redford
Wikipedia page: All the President's Men (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon.
section_header: Summary
text: The film stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively; it was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The British Post Office started using them in 1635.
Wikipedia page: Stagecoach (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Royal Mail stagecoaches
text: The postal delivery service in Britain had existed in the same form for about 150 years—from its introduction in 1635, mounted carriers had ridden between "posts" where the postmaster would remove the letters for the local area before handing the remaining letters and any additions to the next rider.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mexico has one of the most differing climate organization.
Wikipedia page: Mexico (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Climate
text: This gives Mexico one of the world's most diverse weather systems.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: FC Bayern Munich, one of three football clubs in Munich, was formed by German dock workers looking for reputation in their favorite sport, football.
Wikipedia page: FC Bayern Munich (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Early years (1900–1965)
text: FC Bayern Munich was founded by members of a Munich gymnastics club (MTV 1879).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The briefcase in Pulp Fiction has nothing in it, it is only there to help propel the plot forward.
Wikipedia page: Pulp Fiction (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical analysis | Notable motifs | The mysterious 666 briefcase
text: Tarantino has said there is no explanation for its contents – it is simply a MacGuffin, a pure plot device.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: English actor Sir Charles Chaplin was a fascist.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Chaplin (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1939–1952: Controversies and fading popularity | The Great Dictator
text: It was this physical resemblance that supplied the plot for Chaplin's next film, The Great Dictator, which directly satirised Hitler and attacked fascism.
Verdict: REFUTES