tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: There has never been a crossover game between "Transformers" as seen in Transformers: Age of Extinction, and "Angry Birds", the mobile game with the avian slingshot and pigs.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Age of Extinction (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Video games
text: In summer 2014, Rovio and Hasbro announced Angry Birds Transformers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was written by Mark Twain.
Wikipedia page: The Sound and the Fury (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Elizabeth I was queen of both England and Ireland.
Wikipedia page: Elizabeth I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death on 24 March 1603.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actor Jack Lemmon had eleven siblings.
Wikipedia page: Jack Lemmon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the only child of Mildred Burgess (née LaRue; 1896–1967) and John Uhler Lemmon II (1893–1962), president of the Doughnut Corporation of America.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Schuerholz's teams claimed major victories over their entire peer groups in sixteen different instances.
Wikipedia page: John Schuerholz (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His teams have also won their division 16 times, including 14 consecutive times in Atlanta.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The is no evidence that the structure can be viewed from the cosmos.
Wikipedia page: Great Wall of China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Visibility from space | From the Moon
text: Stukeley wrote that, "This mighty wall [Hadrian's wall] of four score miles [130 km] in length is only exceeded by the Chinese Wall, which makes a considerable figure upon the terrestrial globe, and may be discerned at the Moon.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Our American Cousin is a novel.
Wikipedia page: Our American Cousin (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Our American Cousin is a three-act play by English playwright Tom Taylor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Upton Sinclair described it as one of the half-dozen greatest novels of the world.
Wikipedia page: Les Misérables (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Novel form
text: Upton Sinclair described the novel as "one of the half-dozen greatest novels of the world", and remarked that Hugo set forth the purpose of Les Misérables in the Preface: So long as there shall exist, by reason of law and custom, a social condemnation, which, in the face of civilization, artificially creates hells on earth, and complicates a destiny that is divine with human fatality; so long as the three problems of the age—the degradation of man by poverty, the ruin of women by starvation, and the dwarfing of childhood by physical and spiritual night—are not solved; so long as, in certain regions, social asphyxia shall be possible; in other words, and from a yet more extended point of view, so long as ignorance and misery remain on earth, books like this cannot be useless.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Teutonic Knights is a religious military order.
Wikipedia page: Teutonic Knights (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its members have commonly been known as the Teutonic Knights, having a small voluntary and mercenary military membership, serving as a crusading military order for protection of Christians in the Holy Land and the Baltics during the Middle Ages.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Some publications consider him one of the best players of all time.
Wikipedia page: Bill Terry (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1999, he ranked number 59 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a nominee for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.
section_header: Baseball honors
text: Terry was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1954.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Raven's author sold the story for less than ten dollars.
Wikipedia page: The Raven (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication history
text: Poe then sold the poem to The American Review, which paid him $9 for it, and printed "The Raven" in its February 1845 issue under the pseudonym "Quarles", a reference to the English poet Francis Quarles.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The country of Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, crosses continents.
Wikipedia page: Turkey (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye [ˈtyɾcije]), officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti [ˈtyɾcije dʒumˈhuːɾijeti] (listen)), is a transcontinental Eurasian country located mainly on the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeastern Europe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nitrogen was originally discovered in 1772.
Wikipedia page: Nitrogen (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The discovery of nitrogen is attributed to the Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barbara McClintock's father was a scientist at NASA.
Wikipedia page: Barbara McClintock (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Barbara McClintock was born Eleanor McClintock on June 16, 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut, the third of four children born to homeopathic physician Thomas Henry McClintock and Sara Handy McClintock.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Archimedes was a Latin inventor and teacher.
Wikipedia page: Archimedes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ; Doric Greek: [ar.kʰi.mɛː.dɛ̂ːs]; c. 287 – c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lady of the Lake is a single entity.
Wikipedia page: The Lady of the Lake (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Later appearances | 20th–21st century
text: The Mists of Avalon takes the tradition of multiple Ladies one step further.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Haemoglobin was first spotted during the 19th century.
Wikipedia page: Hemoglobin (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Research history
text: In 1825 J. F. Engelhart discovered that the ratio of iron to protein is identical in the hemoglobins of several species.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2011, She struggled with chronic iritis that caused temporary blindness in two of her eyes.
Wikipedia page: Mila Kunis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Health
text: In January 2011, she revealed her struggle with chronic iritis that had caused temporary blindness in one eye.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sylvester Stallone is an actor who has been successful for many of his movies.
Wikipedia page: Sylvester Stallone (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Film career | Subsequent success: 1977–1999
text: In 1977, at 49th Academy Awards Rocky was nominated for ten Awards, including Best Actor and Best Original Screenplay nominations for Stallone.
section_header: Film career | Subsequent success: 1977–1999
text: Stallone launched another major franchise, starring as Vietnam veteran John Rambo, a former Green Beret, in the action film First Blood (1982), which was both a critical and box office success.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Turner was raised Baptist but converted to Islam as an adult.
Wikipedia page: Tina Turner (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Early relationships
text: In 1986, she told Rolling Stone: "Harry was real popular and had tons of girlfriends, but eventually I got him, and we went steady for a year.
section_header: Personal life | Religion
text: Turner has sometimes referred to herself as a "Buddhist-Baptist", alluding to her upbringing in the Baptist church and her later conversion to Buddhism.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arthur Wellesley spent most of the years before he was an adult at a boarding school.
Wikipedia page: Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: He spent most of his childhood at his family's two homes, the first a large house in Dublin and the second Dangan Castle, 3 miles (5 km) north of Summerhill on the Trim Road (now the R158) in County Meath.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chinatown is any area that has a group of Asian people that live outside of the country of  China in the United States.
Wikipedia page: Chinatown (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture
text: Chinatowns have been referenced in various films including The Joy Luck Club, Big Trouble in Little China, Year of the Dragon and Chinatown.
section_header: Summary
text: jan4 gaai1) is an ethnic enclave of Chinese people located outside mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan, most often in an urban setting.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: W.J. Johnson has compared the importance of the Mahabharata in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible.
Wikipedia page: Mahabharata (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the Mahābhārata in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of William Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Quran.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of Japan.
Wikipedia page: Tang Dynasty (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: the Tang Empire was an  imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sicily is called Regione Siciliana and is part of Italy.
Wikipedia page: Sicily (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is one of the five Italian autonomous regions and is officially referred to as Regione Siciliana.
section_header: Summary
text: Sicily (Italian: Sicilia [siˈtʃiːlja]; Sicilian: Sicilia [sɪˈʃiːlja]) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 20 regions of Italy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the book Moll Flanders, Moll's son receives a silver tie pin from her.
Wikipedia page: Moll Flanders (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In turn, she makes him her heir and gives him a (stolen) gold watch.
section_header: Plot
text: Moll reveals herself now to her son in Virginia and he gives her her mother's inheritance, a farm for which he will now be her steward, providing £100 a year income for her.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John McGraw had one sibling.
Wikipedia page: John McGraw (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Shortly after the war, he married; and McGraw's older half-sister was born.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Both Ellington's father and mother also played the piano.
Wikipedia page: Duke Ellington (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Both his parents were pianists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Geraldine Page was an actress that won an Oscar and is a from Missouri.
Wikipedia page: Geraldine Page (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Page was born November 22, 1924 in Kirksville, Missouri, the second child of Edna Pearl (née Maize) and Leon Elwin Page who worked at Andrew Taylor Still College of Osteopathy and Surgery (combined with the American School of Osteopathy, eventually to form A.T. Still University).
section_header: Summary
text: She earned acclaim for her work on Broadway as well as in major Hollywood films and television productions, garnering an Oscar (from eight nominations), two Primetime Emmy Awards, two Golden Globes, one BAFTA Award, and four nominations for the Tony Award.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richard Strauss was not the inventor of the jean brand Levi Strauss.
Wikipedia page: Richard Strauss (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Richard Georg Strauss (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɪçaʁt ˈʃtʁaʊs]; 11 June 1864 – 8 September 1949) was a German composer, conductor, pianist, and violinist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The tunnel spans 50450 meters.
Wikipedia page: Channel Tunnel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche), also referred to as the Chunnel, is a 50.45-kilometre (31.35 mi) railway tunnel that connects Folkestone (Kent, England) with Coquelles (Pas-de-Calais, France), beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Natalie Portman has two kids.
Wikipedia page: Natalie Portman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She is married to dancer and choreographer Benjamin Millepied, with whom she has two children.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sawyer was an orphan living with his Aunt in a town inspired by Hancock, Missouri.
Wikipedia page: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is set in the 1840s in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Göbekli Tepe is an archaeological site in the Northeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018.
Wikipedia page: Göbekli Tepe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Göbekli Tepe (Turkish: [ɟœbecˈli teˈpe], "Potbelly Hill") is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey approximately 12 km (7 mi) northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Songs of Innocence and Experience was first sold as a harmonium of secular sheet music, but they were sometimes performed in religious settings.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Experience (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Songs of Innocence and of Experience is a collection of illustrated poems by William Blake.
section_header: Summary
text: It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later he bound these poems with a set of new poems in a volume titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Walt Disney World does have four different parks.
Wikipedia page: Walt Disney World (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The resort comprises four theme parks (consisting of Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios, and Disney's Animal Kingdom), two water parks, 27 themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping center Disney Springs.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The tower's construction was initiated in 1880.
Wikipedia page: Eiffel Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Construction
text: Work on the foundations started on 28 January 1887.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Felix Mendelssohn was an Austrian musician.
Wikipedia page: Felix Mendelssohn (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 1809 – 4 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic period.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Susan Sarandon had a job as a bank clerk in her college years.
Wikipedia page: Susan Sarandon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: During and slightly after college, she supported herself by cutting hair, cleaning houses and working as a switchboard operator.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sailors of the time thought there were beasties in the waters that were not on their maps.
Wikipedia page: Henry the Navigator (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Henry's explorations | West African coast
text: Superstitious seafarers held that beyond the cape lay sea monsters and the edge of the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chylak was born to Russian American parents.
Wikipedia page: Nestor Chylak (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His parents, Nestor Sr. and Nellie, were of Ukrainian descent; Chylak was the first of their five children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Macau maintains the same government as mainland China and was colonization by the Portuguese until 1999.
Wikipedia page: Macau (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is a special administrative region of China and maintains separate governing and economic systems from those of mainland China.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leonard Bernstein moved with his parents from the Ukraine at the age of three.
Wikipedia page: Leonard Bernstein (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was born Louis Bernstein in Lawrence, Massachusetts, the son of Ukrainian Jewish parents Jennie (née Resnick) and Samuel Joseph Bernstein, a hairdressing supplies wholesaler originating from Rovno (now Ukraine).His family spent their summers at their vacation home in Sharon, Massachusetts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Columbus grew up an only child.
Wikipedia page: Christopher Columbus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Accusations of tyranny and brutality
text: Not long after, the king and queen summoned the Columbus brothers to the Alhambra palace in Granada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was influenced by Muhammad's life.
Wikipedia page: The Satanic Verses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It's thought that John Tyler mostly wanted to grab Texas so that the English couldn't spread anti-slavery sentiments there.
Wikipedia page: John Tyler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Presidency (1841–1845) | Annexation of Texas
text: Historian William W. Freehling, however, wrote that Tyler's official motivation in annexing Texas was to outmaneuver suspected efforts by Great Britain to promote an emancipation of slaves in Texas that would weaken the institution in the United States.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Man in Full is the first book by Bernard Shaw.
Wikipedia page: A Man in Full (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Man in Full is the second novel by Tom Wolfe, published on November 12, 1998, by Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Compromise of 1850 was comprised of 5 different acts.
Wikipedia page: Compromise of 1850 (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850 that defused a political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired in the Mexican–American War.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: For the film, Harold Russell won two Oscars.
Wikipedia page: The Best Years of Our Lives (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Awards and honors
text: He is the only actor to have received two Academy Awards for the same performance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Brown's Body was a successful song.
Wikipedia page: John Brown's Body (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: History of the text of "John Brown's Body" | First public performance
text: Other publishers also came out with versions of the "John Brown Song" and claimed copyright.
section_header: Summary
text: Various other authors have published additional verses or claimed credit for originating the John Brown lyrics and tune.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rotifera consume nutrients by way of little hairs that pull sources of nutrition into their "mouths" via small currents.
Wikipedia page: Rotifera (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Anatomy | Digestive system
text: The coronal cilia create a current that sweeps food into the mouth.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actor Ed Harris started as a stage actor.
Wikipedia page: Ed Harris (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Early plays
text: Harris began his career on the stage.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barry Manilow was relieved to know that his audience was accepting when he publicly shared his marriage to Garry Kief.
Wikipedia page: Barry Manilow (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: However, when his fans learned of the marriage, they were supportive.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel how Green Was My Valley was set in the area of South Wales where the author grew up.
Wikipedia page: How Green Was My Valley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: but this was found to be untrue after his death; Llewellyn was English-born and spent little time in Wales, though he was of Welsh descent.
section_header: Summary
text: The author had claimed that he based the book on his own personal experiences
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Adolphe Adam was briefly a journalist.
Wikipedia page: Adolphe Adam (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: His efforts to extricate himself from these debts include a brief turn to journalism.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As a you adult, Jackie Robinson at one point was a gang member because he was not able to participate in sports or other activities in his community.
Wikipedia page: Jackie Robinson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Family and personal life
text: As a result, Robinson joined a neighborhood gang, but his friend Carl Anderson persuaded him to abandon it.
section_header: Early life | Family and personal life
text: Growing up in relative poverty in an otherwise affluent community, Robinson and his minority friends were excluded from many recreational opportunities.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: China has a few emerging health problems and the air pollution and densely populated cities has not helped matters with serious disease outbreaks.
Wikipedia page: China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Health
text: Despite significant improvements in health and the construction of advanced medical facilities, China has several emerging public health problems, such as respiratory illnesses caused by widespread air pollution, hundreds of millions of cigarette smokers, and an increase in obesity among urban youths.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Palace of Versailles is built in the popular 1500's French style and the land it sits on is legally held by Poland.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Versailles (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Architecture and plan
text: The Palace of Versailles offers a visual history of French architecture from the 17th century to the end of the 18th century.
section_header: Ownership and management
text: The Palace of Versailles is owned by the French state.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Things Fall Apart is a multiple part novel that was written in 1958.
Wikipedia page: Things Fall Apart (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Things Fall Apart is the debut novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, first published in 1958.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Some Like It Hot movie is about a couple of police officers working undercover.
Wikipedia page: Some Like It Hot (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Pre-production
text: Both films follow the story of two musicians in search of work, but Wilder created the gangster subplot that keeps the musicians on the run.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Viruses are not an established cause of cancer in humans and other species.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Role in human disease | Cancer
text: Viruses are an established cause of cancer in humans and other species.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: All Echinoderms eat the same way.
Wikipedia page: Echinoderm (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Mode of life | Feeding
text: The modes of feeding vary greatly between the different echinoderm taxa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paris Commune did govern after the war.
Wikipedia page: Paris Commune (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Paris Commune (French: Commune de Paris, pronounced [kɔmyn də paʁi]) was a radical socialist and revolutionary government that ruled Paris from 18 March to 28 May 1871.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cymbeline is a novel that is based on legends.
Wikipedia page: Cymbeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cymbeline , also known as The Tragedie of Cymbeline or Cymbeline, King of Britain, is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain (c. 10–14) and based on legends that formed part of the Matter of Britain concerning the early Celtic British King Cunobeline.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The United Kingdom includes all of Ireland and Great Britain.
Wikipedia page: United Kingdom (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north­eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Justin Timberlake has also used his middle name while performing.
Wikipedia page: Justin Timberlake (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Justin Randall Timberlake was born on January 31, 1981 in Memphis, Tennessee to Lynn (Bomar) Harless and Charles Randall Timberlake, a Baptist church choir director.
section_header: Early life
text: Performing as a child, Timberlake sang country and gospel music: at the age of 11, he appeared on the television show Star Search, performing country songs as "Justin Randall".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ryan was one of the best lefty pitchers of his generation in baseball.
Wikipedia page: Nolan Ryan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999.Ryan was a right-handed pitcher who consistently threw pitches that were clocked above 100 miles per hour (161 km/h).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Albert Finney was an English actor that turned down the opportunity to become a knight.
Wikipedia page: Albert Finney (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and honours
text: Finney declined the offer of a CBE in 1980, as well as a knighthood in 2000.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John McGraw keeped a list of African American players that he wished he could have on his team while he was a manger of the New York Giants.
Wikipedia page: John McGraw (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later years
text: After McGraw's death, his wife found, among his personal belongings, a list of all the black players he wanted to sign over the years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Los Angeles  Lakers has the most NBA Championships.
Wikipedia page: Los Angeles Lakers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA, and have won 16 NBA championships, the second-most behind the Boston Celtics.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: One of Victor Hugo's intentions in authoring The Hunchback of Notre Dame was to bring attention to the older medieval aesthetic being demolished or adapted for more modern structures or techniques.
Wikipedia page: The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: Victor Hugo began writing Notre-Dame de Paris in 1829, largely to make his contemporaries more aware of the value of the Gothic architecture, which was neglected and often destroyed to be replaced by new buildings or defaced by replacement of parts of buildings in a newer style.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor was the first son from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the oldest son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Otto I's son's mother was a Saxon countess.
Wikipedia page: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Heir apparent
text: While campaigning against the Wends/West Slavs in 929, Otto's illegitimate son William, the future Archbishop of Mainz, was born to a captive Wendish noblewoman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rod Carew was named after the doctor who helped his mother through labor.
Wikipedia page: Rod Carew (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Traveling on the train was Dr. Rodney Cline, who delivered the baby.
section_header: Early life
text: In appreciation for this, Mrs. Carew named the boy Rodney Cline Carew.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Invisible Man is about a man that can make himself invisible when he chooses.
Wikipedia page: The Invisible Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He successfully carries out this procedure on himself, but fails in his attempt to reverse it.
section_header: Summary
text: The Invisible Man the title refers to is Griffin, a scientist who has devoted himself to research into optics and invents a way to change a body's refractive index to that of air so that it neither absorbs nor reflects  light and thus becomes invisible.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Just a few people went to Paine's memorial service and burial.
Wikipedia page: Thomas Paine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1802, he returned to the U.S. When he died on June 8, 1809, only six people attended his funeral as he had been ostracized for his ridicule of Christianity.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Leicester City F.C.'s rallying phrase is about how they just don't stop.
Wikipedia page: Leicester City F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Crest and colours
text: " Foxes Never Quit" is the club's motto, which is placed above the tunnel entrance as the teams head out onto the pitch.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A Room with a View was made into a movie in 1985.
Wikipedia page: A Room with a View (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Merchant Ivory produced an award-winning film adaptation in 1985.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After months, the group was formed by only two members.
Wikipedia page: Guns N' Roses (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Formation (1985–1986)
text: Months later, Guns N' Roses was formed in March 1985 by Rose, rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with L.A. Guns founders lead guitarist Guns, drummer Rob Gardner and bassist Ole Beich.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The tv program Two and a Half Men first aired on ABC for 11 seasons.
Wikipedia page: Two and a Half Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22, 2003, to February 19, 2015.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kenny Rogers kept many exotic animals on his ranch.
Wikipedia page: Kenny Rogers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: At Beaver Dam Farms, a former estate in Colbert, Georgia, Rogers kept a pet goat named Smitty.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mercedes-Benz Stadium was the host of the World Baseball Classic in 2019.
Wikipedia page: Mercedes-Benz Stadium (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Major events | NFL
text: On May 19, 2015, Mercedes-Benz Stadium was awarded Super Bowl LIII in 2019, marking Atlanta's first time hosting the game since Super Bowl XXXIV in 2000.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Maurya Empire occupied a big section of the Southern part of the Asian continent.
Wikipedia page: Maurya Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Comprising the majority of South Asia, the Maurya Empire was centralized by the conquest of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and its capital city was located at Pataliputra (modern Patna).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Emmy Noether was a mathematician and taught at a Mathematical Institute.
Wikipedia page: Emmy Noether (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Teaching | University of Erlangen
text: For the next seven years (1908–1915) she taught at the University of Erlangen's Mathematical Institute without pay, occasionally substituting for her father when he was too ill to lecture.
section_header: Summary
text: Amalie Emmy Noether (German: [ˈnøːtɐ]; 23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical physics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book, Murder on the Orient Express was written by a British author.
Wikipedia page: Murder on the Orient Express (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the US edition at $2.The elegant train of the 1930s, the Orient Express, is stopped by heavy snowfall.
section_header: Summary
text: Murder on the Orient Express is a detective novel by English writer Agatha Christie featuring the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: One of Thelma Ritter's comedic roles was playing on-screen the mother of actress Doris Day.
Wikipedia page: Thelma Ritter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Other film roles were as James Stewart's nurse in Rear Window (1954) and as Doris Day's maid in Pillow Talk (1959).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film Goodfellas, real mobsters' names were changed.
Wikipedia page: Goodfellas (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Screenplay
text: " The names of several real-life gangsters were altered for the film: Tommy "Two Gun" DeSimone became the character Tommy DeVito; Paul Vario became Paulie Cicero, and Jimmy "The Gent" Burke was portrayed as Jimmy Conway.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gabler was created with realism in mind.
Wikipedia page: Hedda Gabler (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ibsen mainly wrote realistic plays until he converted towards pursuing modern drama.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Cage was a musician.
Wikipedia page: John Cage (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer, music theorist, artist, and philosopher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The ignoring of the fourteen points in the actual treaty we ended up with was likely responsible for the Nazi party's creation.
Wikipedia page: Fourteen Points (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Treaty of Versailles
text: German outrage over reparations and the War Guilt Clause is viewed as a likely contributing factor to the rise of National Socialism.
section_header: Treaty of Versailles
text: The differences between this document and the final Treaty of Versailles fueled great anger in Germany.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film The Piano, the Ada's hand is mutilated.
Wikipedia page: The Piano (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: After reading the love note burnt onto the piano key, Alisdair furiously returns home with an axe and cuts off Ada's index finger to deprive her of the ability to play the piano.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This iconic structure 's original name was clock tower.
Wikipedia page: Big Ben (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The official name of the tower in which Big Ben is located was originally the Clock Tower; it was renamed Elizabeth Tower in 2012 to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This was an event in which the English burned a ship that had Canadian and American rebels and citizens onboard.
Wikipedia page: Caroline affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: British forces set fire to the Caroline and set it adrift in the Niagara River, about two miles above Niagara Falls.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roman emperor Nero followed his great uncle who adopted him.
Wikipedia page: Nero (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nero succeeded Claudius upon the latter's death in 54.
section_header: Summary
text: Agrippina married Claudius, who adopted Nero as his heir.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Church of the Holy Sepulchre according to some traditions is where Judas was crucified.
Wikipedia page: Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The church contains, according to traditions dating back to at least the fourth century, the two holiest sites in Christianity: the site where Jesus was crucified, at a place known as Calvary or Golgotha, and Jesus's empty tomb, where he was buried and resurrected.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The New York Yankees are centered in Manhattan.
Wikipedia page: New York Yankees (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dwayne Johnson played the bad guy in wrestling after he banged up his knee.
Wikipedia page: Dwayne Johnson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | The Nation of Domination (1997–1998)
text: After losing the Intercontinental Championship to Owen Hart on the April 28, 1997 episode of Raw Is War and suffering a legitimate knee injury in a match against Mankind, Maivia returned in August 1997 and turned heel for the first time in his career by lashing out at fans who had been booing him and joining Faarooq, D'Lo Brown and Kama in the stable called the Nation of Domination.
section_header: Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment | Debut and Intercontinental Champion (1996–1997)
text: Johnson made his WWF debut as Rocky Maivia, a combination of his father and grandfather's ring names, although his real name was acknowledged by the announcers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Julianne Moore has Irish roots.
Wikipedia page: Julianne Moore (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her Scottish mother, Anne (née Love; 1940–2009), was a psychologist and social worker from Greenock, Scotland, who emigrated to the United States in 1951 with her family.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: For 48 hours, Scotland fought against the British.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Bannockburn (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Robert the Bruce over the army of King Edward II of England in the First War of Scottish Independence.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charlie Chaplin was born into a very affluent family.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Chaplin (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Chaplin's childhood in London was one of poverty and hardship, as his father was absent and his mother struggled financially, and he was sent to a workhouse twice before the age of nine.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In Mourning Becomes Electra, Ezra is poisoned by his brother.
Wikipedia page: Mourning Becomes Electra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Christine retrieves a box from her room and gives him the poison instead.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The War of the Austrian Succession did not contribute to Prussia's raise.
Wikipedia page: War of the Austrian Succession (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was the last European war primarily driven by the Bourbon-Habsburg rivalry, and marked the rise of Prussia as a major power.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jim Bottomley played for six American baseball teams .
Wikipedia page: Jim Bottomley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A first baseman, Bottomley played in Major League Baseball from 1922 through 1937 for the St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Reds, and St. Louis Browns.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Akbar was the third Mughal emperor and ruled over most of the subcontinent of India.
Wikipedia page: Akbar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (Persian: ابو الفتح جلال الدين محمد اكبر; October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great,  (Akbar-i-azam اکبر اعظم), and also as Akbar I (IPA: [əkbər]) , was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.
section_header: Summary
text: A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include much of the Indian subcontinent.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Boyer first job was to make injured people happy.
Wikipedia page: Charles Boyer (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early acting career
text: Boyer performed comic sketches for soldiers while working as a hospital orderly during World War I.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The work called The Great Gatsby received much praise from the public and flew off the book shelves after its publication.
Wikipedia page: The Great Gatsby (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Contemporary reception
text: " In The Chicago Daily Tribune, H. L. Mencken called the book "in form no more than a glorified anecdote, and not too probable at that," while praising the book's "charm and beauty of the writing" and the "careful and brilliant finish." Several writers felt that the novel left much to be desired following Fitzgerald's previous works and promptly criticized him.
section_header: Summary
text: First published by Scribner's in April 1925, The Great Gatsby received mixed reviews and sold poorly.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lil' Wayne, or Dwayne Michael Carter, had possibly the best feud of all time with an artist that once shared his label.
Wikipedia page: Lil Wayne (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Feuds | Juvenile
text: Carter began feuding with former Hot Boys member and Cash Money Records labelmate Juvenile in 2002, after Juvenile took offense to Carter naming his third studio album 500 Degreez, a diss aimed towards Juvenile whose last album was named 400 Degreez.
section_header: Feuds | Juvenile
text: Juvenile responded with a diss track on his 2002 album 600 Degreez, titled "A Hoe".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: During his 20 year career, Wilhelm played on nine different MLB teams.
Wikipedia page: Hoyt Wilhelm (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James Hoyt Wilhelm (July 26, 1922 – August 23, 2002), nicknamed "Old Sarge", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher with the New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, California Angels, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1952 and 1972.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sound of Music is set in Germany during World War II.
Wikipedia page: The Sound of Music (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in Austria on the eve of the Anschluss in 1938, the musical tells the story of Maria, who takes a job as governess to a large family while she decides whether to become a nun.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frozen is a 2013 Disney film about a snowman, two princesses, an iceman with his loyal reindeer and has tiny people heal one of the princesses.
Wikipedia page: Frozen (2013 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Realizing the effects of Elsa's spell on Anna, Kristoff takes her to the trolls, his adoptive family.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mandela was praised for his companionship with political leaders who were viewed as rulers.
Wikipedia page: Nelson Mandela (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception and legacy
text: Mandela was also criticised for his friendship with political leaders such as Castro, Gaddafi, and Suharto—deemed dictators by critics—as well as his refusal to condemn their governments' human rights violations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American politician John Marshall was the longest serving chief Supreme Court Justice and was part of the Continental Army where he served in many battles.
Wikipedia page: John Marshall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Marshall remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longest serving justice in Supreme Court history, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential justices to ever sit on the Supreme Court.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Beckley was sometimes referred to as "Eagle Eye".
Wikipedia page: Jake Beckley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jacob Peter Beckley (August 4, 1867 – June 25, 1918), nicknamed Eagle Eye, was an American professional baseball first baseman.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chipper Jones ended his career hitting .304.
Wikipedia page: Chipper Jones (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jones ended his career in 2012 with a .303 career batting average, 468 home runs, and 1,623 RBI.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The band Exo sometimes sings in English.
Wikipedia page: Exo (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Exo releases and performs music in Korean, Mandarin, and Japanese.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This novel was the first paper back book in America.
Wikipedia page: Lost Horizon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural significance
text: Because of its number-one position in what became a very long list of pocket editions, Lost Horizon is often mistakenly called the first American paperback book, when in fact paperbacks had been around since the mid-1800s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Boxer Rebellion in China ended in the murder of Muslims.
Wikipedia page: Boxer Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Massacre of missionaries and Chinese Christians
text: The Boxers went on to murder Christians across 26 prefectures.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The towers have been showcased in a movie.
Wikipedia page: Petronas Towers (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture
text: The towers are prominently featured and mentioned by name in the 1999 film Entrapment, with numerous scenes filmed at the towers, with the climax set on the skybridge.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Zoltán Kodály is renowned for the creation of the Hungarian violin.
Wikipedia page: Zoltán Kodály (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály Method.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film was based on a book by Stephen King.
Wikipedia page: Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 American science fiction film written and directed by Steven Spielberg, and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Melinda Dillon, Teri Garr, Bob Balaban, Cary Guffey, and François Truffaut.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The only thing known for certain about the time frame of Cymbeline's writing is a year that it had to have been completed by.
Wikipedia page: Cymbeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While the precise date of composition remains unknown, the play was certainly produced as early as 1611.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The female Nematoda is larger than the male.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reproduction
text: Males are usually smaller than females or hermaphrodites (often much smaller) and often have a characteristically bent or fan-shaped tail.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bill Gates was the second wealthiest person until 2016 when he donated over $28 billion dollars and he took first over Jeff Bezos.
Wikipedia page: Bill Gates (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: In October 2017, Gates was surpassed by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos as the richest person in the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James A. Garfield had a terrible relationship with his mother.
Wikipedia page: James A. Garfield (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood and early life
text: He was her favorite child, and the two remained close for the rest of his life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dubai was originally a traders' port.
Wikipedia page: Dubai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Establishment of modern Dubai
text: Dubai is thought to have been established as a fishing village in the early 18th century and was, by 1822, a town of some 700–800 members of the Bani Yas tribe and subject to the rule of Sheikh Tahnun bin Shakhbut of Abu Dhabi.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: One of the people involved in the filming of The Ten Commandments was a Mormon.
Wikipedia page: The Ten Commandments (1956 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Art direction
text: Friberg, a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, demonstrated the LDS manner of performing such ordinations, and DeMille liked it.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tony Perez was paid enough money to buy a visa when he was recruited to play baseball for the Reds' minor league team.
Wikipedia page: Tony Pérez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His "bonus" for signing with the Reds was the $2.50 cost of a visa and a plane ticket to Miami, Florida.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Despite being the world's largest and oldest statues, many basic facts about it are still subject to debate.
Wikipedia page: Great Sphinx of Giza (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin and identity
text: The Great Sphinx is one of the world's largest and oldest statues, but basic facts about it are still subject to debate, such as when it was built, by whom and for what purpose.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Meade was entombed in Arlington National and his great-great-great-grandson is an actor.
Wikipedia page: George Meade (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and death
text: He was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the movie Fame, Leroy prepares extensively for his audition for the High School of Performing Arts.
Wikipedia page: Fame (1980 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Leroy Johnson goes to the school, performing as part of a dance routine for an auditioning friend, but the dance teachers are more impressed by his talents than his friend's.
Verdict: REFUTES