tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Iron Heel raises the topic of autocracy in the USA.
Wikipedia page: The Iron Heel (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Iron Heel is a dystopian novel by American writer Jack London, first published in 1908.Generally considered to be "the earliest of the modern dystopian" fiction, it chronicles the rise of an oligarchic tyranny in the United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Vicar of Wakefield is a play created by a French author.
Wikipedia page: The Vicar of Wakefield (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Vicar of Wakefield – subtitled A Tale, Supposed to be written by Himself – is a novel by Irish writer Oliver Goldsmith (1728–1774).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lionel Messi finished first in front of Ronaldo.
Wikipedia page: Lionel Messi (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The following two seasons, Messi finished second for the Ballon d'Or behind Cristiano Ronaldo (his perceived career rival), before regaining his best form during the 2014–15 campaign, becoming the all-time top scorer in La Liga and leading Barcelona to a historic second treble, after which he was awarded a fifth Ballon d'Or in 2015.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ozymandias was the name the Romans called Ramsses II.
Wikipedia page: Ozymandias (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Analysis and interpretation | Hubris
text: The name "Ozymandias" is a rendering in Greek of a part of Ramesses II's throne name, User-maat-re Setep-en-re.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are over 100 different species of eagles.
Wikipedia page: Eagles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Credit Mobilier of America scandal boosted the business of the Union Pacific Railroad company.
Wikipedia page: Credit Mobilier of America scandal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The scandal negatively affected the careers of many politicians and nearly bankrupted Union Pacific.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1882 play An Enemy of the People has been censored in mainland China.
Wikipedia page: An Enemy of the People (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Censored in Mainland China
text: "An Enemy of the People", produced by Berlin's Schaubühne theater, was performed in Beijing from September 6 to September 8, 2018, but the subsequent touring of the show was cancelled due to its themes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lindbergh came from a broken home and taught his wife how to take an airplane up in the air.
Wikipedia page: Charles Lindbergh (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | American family
text: Lindbergh taught Anne how to fly and she accompanied and assisted him in much of his exploring and charting of air routes.
section_header: Rise to fame | Early childhood
text: Charles' parents separated in 1909 when he was seven.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This book was apparently inspired by the communist/marxist views of "right wing" groups in Spain.
Wikipedia page: To Have and Have Not (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers describes the novel as heavily influenced by the Marxist ideology Hemingway was exposed to by his support of the Republican faction in the Spanish Civil War while he was writing it.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An American in Paris, a musical piece, was influenced by the composer's time he spent there.
Wikipedia page: An American in Paris (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was inspired by the time that Gershwin had spent in Paris and evokes the sights and energy of the French capital in the 1920s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: JFK was filmed in Dallas but the officials did not approve the use of policemen to secure the shooting area.
Wikipedia page: JFK (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Principal photography
text: His producers had to pay the Dallas City Council a substantial amount of money to hire police to reroute traffic and close streets for three weeks.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After becoming the shows infamous character, Saul Goodman is the protagonist of the spin off "Better Call Saul" ordered in 2012.
Wikipedia page: Breaking Bad (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Spin-offs and adaptations | Better Call Saul
text: In April 2013, AMC and Sony Pictures Television expressed interest in Gilligan and Gould's spin-off series concept, and they officially ordered Better Call Saul in September 2013.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1966 novel In Cold Blood by Truman Capote was written in six years.
Wikipedia page: In Cold Blood (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Capote ultimately spent six years working on the book.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Not all Gladiators were slaves, but instead were people who wanted to improve their place in society.
Wikipedia page: Gladiator (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by appearing in the arena.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Empire State Building's owners will allow lights to be used for advertisements.
Wikipedia page: Empire State Building (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Architecture | Features | Lights
text: The building's owners adhere to strict standards in using the lights; for instance, they do not use the lights to play advertisements.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mickey Mantle played for the New York Yankees and one season with the Philadelphia Phillies.
Wikipedia page: Mickey Mantle (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mantle played his entire Major League Baseball (MLB) career (1951–1968) with the New York Yankees as a center fielder, right fielder, and first baseman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Celtic F.C has been criticized for not giving back to the community like other professional football clubs do.
Wikipedia page: Celtic F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Celtic and charity
text: Celtic hold an annual charity fashion show at Celtic Park.
section_header: Celtic and charity
text: The Charity Fund has since then merged with the Celtic Foundation, forming the Celtic FC Foundation, and continues to raise money for local, national and international causes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ty Cobb did not like people who were colored differently than him.
Wikipedia page: Ty Cobb (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Views on race
text: I see no reason in the world why we shouldn't compete with colored athletes as long as they conduct themselves with politeness and gentility.
section_header: Legacy | Views on race
text: Let me say also that no white man has the right to be less of a gentleman than a colored man; in my book that goes not only for baseball but in all walks of life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Agnes Moorehead never lied about her age.
Wikipedia page: Agnes Moorehead (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Moorehead later claimed that she was born in 1906 in order to appear younger for acting parts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vampire Diaries series premiered on The CW on September 10, 2009, and aired  171 episodes over eight seasons with the second season averaging 3.60 million viewers.
Wikipedia page: The Vampire Diaries (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006; the first season averaged 3.60 million viewers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "The Man Who Would Be King" was adapted as a radio broadcast in 1947, a movie starring Sean Connery in 1975 and the 2000 DreamWorks movie The Road to El Dorado is also a loose adaptation of the tale.
Wikipedia page: The Man Who Would Be King (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Radio
text: A CBS Radio adaption of the story by Les Crutchfield was broadcast on the anthology series Escape on 7 July 1947.
section_header: Adaptations | Films
text: The Man Who Would Be King (1975), adapted and directed by John Huston, starring Sean Connery as Dravot and Michael Caine as Carnehan, with Christopher Plummer as Kipling. (As early as 1954, Humphrey Bogart expressed the desire to star in The Man
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Saoirse Ronan is an Irish and American actress who identifies as a New Yorker, but is just an Irish citizen.
Wikipedia page: Saoirse Ronan (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and media image
text: She was raised Catholic. Ronan holds dual Irish and American citizenship.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ines Yupamqui was Atahualpa's favorite sibling.
Wikipedia page: Atahualpa (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: After the death of Pizarro, Inés Yupanqui, the favorite sister of Atahualpa, who had been given to Pizarro in marriage by her brother, married a Spanish cavalier named Ampuero and left for Spain.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Red Ruffing's parents were from England.
Wikipedia page: Red Ruffing (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was one of five children of John and Frances Ruffing, who emigrated to the United States from Germany.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In one of the Cinderella myths, the stepmother dies after stones hit her.
Wikipedia page: Cinderella (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Ancient versions | Non-European versions | Ye Xian
text: Her cruel stepmother and half-sister are killed by flying rocks.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charles Ives's sibling was a law practitioner.
Wikipedia page: Charles Ives (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: His brother Moss later became a lawyer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Seaver was sometimes referred to as "Golden Boy" in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Tom Seaver (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Thomas Seaver (born November 17, 1944), nicknamed Tom Terrific and The Franchise, is an American former professional baseball player, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a right-handed pitcher for the New York Mets, Cincinnati Reds, Chicago White Sox, and Boston Red Sox, from 1967 to 1986.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Henry Clay worked at bringing to life the Whig Party.
Wikipedia page: Henry Clay (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He also helped found both the National Republican Party and the Whig Party.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paine relocated to the British America territories with aid from Ben Franklin.
Wikipedia page: Thomas Paine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Thetford in the English county of Norfolk, Paine migrated to the British American colonies in 1774 with the help of Benjamin Franklin, arriving just in time to participate in the American Revolution.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mahatma Gandhi's family is from Gujrat.
Wikipedia page: Mahatma Gandhi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life and background
text: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 into an Indian Gujarati Hindu Modh Baniya family in Porbandar (also known as Sudamapuri), a coastal town on the Kathiawar Peninsula and then part of the small princely state of Porbandar in the Kathiawar Agency of the Indian Empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: HIMYM has more than two hundred episodes.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Among the 208 episodes, there were only four directors: Pamela Fryman (196 episodes), Rob Greenberg (7 episodes), Michael Shea (4 episodes), and Neil Patrick Harris (1 episode).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the novel, Dracula travels to Great Britain to outspread a curse.
Wikipedia page: Dracula (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel tells the story of Dracula's attempt to move from Transylvania to England so that he may find new blood and spread the undead curse, and of the battle between Dracula and a small group of people led by Professor Abraham Van Helsing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jimmy Carter improved his low-income habitat conditions that he was dwelling in soon after the election.
Wikipedia page: Jimmy Carter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Farming
text: For a year, Jimmy, Rosalynn, and their three sons lived in public housing in Plains; Carter is the only U.S. president to have lived in subsidized housing before he took office.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Ozymandias" is the name of two associated sonnets but are by two different authors.
Wikipedia page: Ozymandias (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Shelley wrote the poem in friendly competition with his friend and fellow poet Horace Smith (1779–1849), who also wrote a sonnet on the same topic with the same title.
section_header: Summary
text: "Ozymandias" ( oz-ee-MAN-dee-əs) is the title of two related sonnets published in 1818.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Pilgrimage was based off of Portugal.
Wikipedia page: Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins
text: The poem contains elements thought to be autobiographical, as Byron generated some of the storyline from experience gained during his travels through Portugal, the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea between 1809 and 1811.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Blenheim took place during the French-Indian War.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Blenheim (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Blenheim (German: Zweite Schlacht bei Höchstädt; French Bataille de Höchstädt), fought on 13 August 1704, was a major battle of the War of the Spanish Succession.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Grieg was a composer from Australia.
Wikipedia page: Edvard Grieg (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Edvard Hagerup Grieg ( GREEG, Norwegian: [ˈɛ̀dvɑɖ ˈhɑ̀ːɡərʉp ˈɡrɪɡː]; 15 June 1843 – 4 September 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was written as a prequel to Alice in Wonderland.
Wikipedia page: Through the Looking Glass (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (also known as Alice Through the Looking-Glass or simply Through the Looking-Glass) is an 1871 novel by Lewis Carroll and the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Whitey Herzog won a World Series as a manager but was mostly known for his time on the field as a pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Whitey Herzog (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dorrel Norman Elvert "Whitey" Herzog (; born November 9, 1931) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and manager, most notable for his Major League Baseball (MLB) managerial career.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cleopatra in Shakespeare's tragedy, Antony and Cleopatra, was his most nuanced female role he ever created.
Wikipedia page: Antony and Cleopatra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Many consider Shakespeare's Cleopatra, whom Enobarbus describes as having "infinite variety", as one of the most complex and fully developed female characters in the playwright's body of work.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bagwell has had 4 wives.
Wikipedia page: Jeff Bagwell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He is married to Rachel Bagwell, his third wife, with whom he has five children in a blended family.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Change in Enthalpy is the total internal energy of a system that is measured in joules.
Wikipedia page: Enthalpy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The unit of measurement for enthalpy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule.
section_header: Summary
text: It is defined as the sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sean Penn is film quadruple threat.
Wikipedia page: Sean Penn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The England team has played in over 10 FIFA World Cups.
Wikipedia page: England national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Since first entering the tournament in 1950, England has qualified for the FIFA World Cup 15 times.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Christy Mathewson played only professional baseball.
Wikipedia page: Christy Mathewson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Football career
text: While a member of the New York Giants, Mathewson played fullback for the Pittsburgh Stars of the first National Football League.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: France borders Austria towards the north.
Wikipedia page: France (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Location and borders
text: Its land borders consist of Belgium and Luxembourg in the northeast, Germany and Switzerland in the east, Italy and Monaco in the southeast, and Andorra and Spain in the south and southwest.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Platyhelminthes are like other bilaterians and have only one opening for ingestion and egestion.
Wikipedia page: Platyhelminthes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Unlike other bilaterians, they are acoelomates (having no body cavity), and have no specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, which restricts them to having flattened shapes that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by diffusion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Zoo Story was finished in a month.
Wikipedia page: The Zoo Story (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His first play, it was written in 1958 and completed in just three weeks.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shelley Winters  was an American actress whose career spanned almost six decades, and appeared in numerous films, and won one Academy Award.
Wikipedia page: Shelley Winters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She appeared in numerous films, and won Academy Awards for The Diary of Anne Frank (1959) and A Patch of Blue (1965), and received nominations for A Place in the Sun (1951) and The Poseidon Adventure (1972).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Apollo 13 was not released in the United Kingdom.
Wikipedia page: Apollo 13 (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release
text: The film was released on June 30, 1995 in North America and on September 22, 1995 in the UK.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sousa was a member of many organizations including the American Legion, and the Freemasons.
Wikipedia page: John Philip Sousa (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Military service
text: He was also a member New York Athletic Club Post 754 of the American Legion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paul Molitor coached after he resigned from from playing ball.
Wikipedia page: Paul Molitor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Coaching and managerial career | Early career
text: After retiring as a player, Molitor remained with the Twins as a bench coach for three seasons.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Montgomery Ward was wed to a female thespian on March 18, 1885.
Wikipedia page: John Montgomery Ward (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: New York and reserve clause
text: In October 1887, Ward married actress Helen Dauvray.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eastwood owns several luxurious large homes.
Wikipedia page: Clint Eastwood (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Properties
text: His California real estate portfolio also includes a 6,136-square-foot Spanish style mansion in Bel-Air, the 1,067.5 acre Rising River Ranch in Burney, an apartment in Burbank, as well as a large but understated house located next door to his longtime primary Bel-Air residence.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Veeck suffered a stroke during heart surgery and passed away.
Wikipedia page: Bill Veeck (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Poor health/death
text: Two years later, on the day after New Year's Day, 1986, he died at the age of 71 from cancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: From Here to Eternity is about a soldier who dies at the end and that he has an amusing name .
Wikipedia page: From Here to Eternity (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: That night, Prewitt attempts to rejoin his company but is killed when he refuses to halt.
section_header: Plot
text: Karen recognizes the name, but just says that Robert E. Lee Prewitt is a funny name.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Death Comes for the Archbishop is not a book about the murder of an Archbishop but the story does end with the death of one.
Wikipedia page: Death Comes for the Archbishop (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: is a 1927 novel by American author Willa Cather.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novel ends with the death of (retired) Archbishop Latour in Santa Fe: Vaillant has pre-deceased Latour as the first Bishop of Colorado after the Colorado gold rush (in reality Machebeuf was the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Denver).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: MGM made almost 2 million dollars from the film.
Wikipedia page: Lili (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Responses and box-office
text: "According to MGM records, the film earned $2,210,000 in the U.S. and Canada and $3,183,000 overseas, resulting in a profit of $1,878,000, making it MGM's most popular musical of the year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Diffraction is a phenomenon inaccurately documented as an angle.
Wikipedia page: Diffraction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word "diffraction" and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.
section_header: Examples | Single-slit diffraction
text: We can find the angle at which a first minimum is obtained in the diffracted light by the following reasoning.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Fighter is a 2010 American movie about a real life boxer that overcame a life of drugs to be a champion.
Wikipedia page: The Fighter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Dicky, a former boxer whose peak of success was going the distance with Sugar Ray Leonard in 1978, has become addicted to crack cocaine.
section_header: Plot
text: Managed by his mother, Alice Ward, and trained by his older half-brother, Dicky Eklund, Micky became a "stepping stone" for other boxers to defeat on their way up.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Prague Spring started in April, 1968.
Wikipedia page: Prague Spring (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), and continued until 21 August 1968, when the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact members invaded the country to suppress the reforms.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The farthest-known planet from the Sun is  Neptune which is also the densest of the giant planets and is 170 times more massive than earth.
Wikipedia page: Neptune (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eugene Onegin is a traditional book of Polish compositions.
Wikipedia page: Eugene Onegin (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Onegin is considered a classic of Russian literature, and its eponymous protagonist has served as the model for a number of Russian literary heroes (so-called superfluous men).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The structure over looks the city.
Wikipedia page: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Construction of the Mausoleum
text: The tomb was erected on a hill overlooking the city.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lindstrom worked for the post office after baseball.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Lindstrom (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later career and personal life
text: After coaching the Northwestern University baseball team for 13 seasons, he was appointed postmaster of Evanston, Illinois, a position he held until 1972.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nero was a Roman Emperor for 14 years.
Wikipedia page: Nero (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nero ( NEER- oh; Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus; 15 December 37 – 9 June 68 AD) was Roman emperor from 54 to 68, the last ruler of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Death in Venice a one of Tim Wrede's first novels .
Wikipedia page: Death in Venice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Death in Venice  is a novella written by the German author Thomas Mann and was first published in 1912 as Der Tod in Venedig.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Satanic Verses was written by Salman Rushdie and was loosely written about parts of Muhammad's life.
Wikipedia page: The Satanic Verses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Montgomery Ward did die from a heart attack.
Wikipedia page: John Montgomery Ward (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-career
text: Ward died in Augusta, Georgia, the day after his 65th birthday on March 4, 1925 after a bout of pneumonia, and is interred in Greenfield Cemetery in Hempstead, Long Island, New York.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Flo Rida's falling out with 2 Live Crew resulted in being rejected by major labels.
Wikipedia page: Flo Rida (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1979–2006: Early life and career beginnings
text: "While performing, Fresh Kid Ice of 2 Live Crew took notice and asked him to be his hype man, and shortly after he took him for a show in Hawaii.
section_header: Life and career | 1979–2006: Early life and career beginnings
text: They developed a long lasting friendship; Flo Rida considers this period as his schooling.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The stories of Robin Hood go back many centuries and his role in the stories has changed over time as the needs of English society have needed.
Wikipedia page: Robin Hood (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There have been numerous variations and adaptations of the story over the subsequent years, and the story continues to be widely represented in literature, film, and television.
section_header: List of traditional ballads
text: Ballads dating back to the 15th century are the oldest existing form of the Robin Hood legends, although none of them were recorded at the time of the first allusions to him, and many are from much later.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Viral infections that affect plants are generally not controlled.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Role in human disease | Epidemics and pandemics
text: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)  are caused by new types of coronaviruses.
section_header: Infection in other species | Plant viruses
text: When control of plant virus infections is considered economical, for perennial fruits, for example, efforts are concentrated on killing the vectors and removing alternate hosts such as weeds.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: House's only good buddy on the show is Dr. Wilson.
Wikipedia page: House (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: House's only true friend is Dr. James Wilson (Robert Sean Leonard), head of the Department of Oncology.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ode to Joy was composed by French pianist Camille Saint-Saëns.
Wikipedia page: Ode to Joy (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Ode to Joy" (German: "An die Freude" [an diː ˈfʁɔʏdə]) is an ode written in the summer of 1785 by German poet, playwright, and historian Friedrich Schiller and published the following year in Thalia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lawrence of Arabia is viewed as a factually important film.
Wikipedia page: Lawrence of Arabia (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1991, Lawrence of Arabia was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected for preservation in the US Library of Congress National Film Registry.
section_header: Historical accuracy | Representation of Lawrence
text: The film's historical inaccuracies, in Wilson's view, are more troublesome than should be allowed under normal dramatic licence.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This story follows a man that day dreams throughout the book living different lives.
Wikipedia page: The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: My First Hundred Years in Hollywood, described the actor Errol Flynn in the following way: "To the Walter Mittys of the world he was all the heroes in one magnificent, sexy, animal package." The short story deals with a vague and mild-mannered man who drives into Waterbury, Connecticut, with his wife for their regular weekly shopping and his wife's visit to the beauty parlor.
section_header: Plot
text: As the story ends, Mitty imagines himself facing a firing squad, "inscrutable to the last." Each of the fantasies is inspired by some detail of Mitty's mundane surroundings: The powering up of the "Navy hydroplane" in the opening scene is followed by Mrs. Mitty's complaint that Mitty is "driving too fast".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Greece has competed at every Summer Olympic Games, one of only four countries to have done so, and is ranked 2nd by gold medals in the all-time Summer Olympic medal count.
Wikipedia page: Greece (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Sports
text: Having won a total of 110 medals (30 gold, 42 silver and 38 bronze), Greece is ranked 32nd by gold medals in the all-time Summer Olympic medal count.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The maternal side of Constantine the Great were low-born.
Wikipedia page: Constantine the Great (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His mother, Helena, was Greek and of low birth.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: King Lear is a play by Shakespeare and is his only play that all of the main character's don't die.
Wikipedia page: King Lear (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: King Lear is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Jolson Story is about a girl wanting to run her own business.
Wikipedia page: The Jolson Story (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Jolson Story is a 1946 American Technicolor musical biography film which purports to tell the life story of singer Al Jolson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lee Grant debuted in the movie industry in the 1950's.
Wikipedia page: Lee Grant (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She made her film debut in 1951 as a young shoplifter in William Wyler's Detective Story, co-starring Kirk Douglas and Eleanor Parker.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Murder on the Orient Express is about a murder that happens on a train in Japan.
Wikipedia page: Murder on the Orient Express (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A murder is discovered, and Poirot's trip home to London from the Middle East is interrupted to solve the murder.
section_header: Plot
text: The next morning, the train is still stopped and M. Bouc informs Poirot that Ratchett has been murdered and the murderer is still aboard.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dangerous Liaisons was made out of a 1780s French novel.
Wikipedia page: Dangerous Liaisons (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dangerous Liaisons is a 1988 American period romantic drama film directed by Stephen Frears from a screenplay by Christopher Hampton, based on his 1985 play Les liaisons dangereuses, itself adapted from the 1782 French novel of the same name by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The real life version of Lysistrata, an ancient Greek comedy by Aristophanes, happened a bit over a decade ago in Ghana when women stopped having sex with their men in protests.
Wikipedia page: Lysistrata (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Influence and legacy
text: 2012 : Isabelle Ameganvi, a civil-rights lawyer in Togo (Africa), called on the women of Togo to deny sexual relations with their men in protest against President Faure Gnassingbé. 2012: Indonesian Dhalang Ki Jlitheng Suparman adapted Lysistrata into a wayang climen play with the title Nirasmara.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Oedipus Tyrannus is also called Oedipus Rex and written by Socrates.
Wikipedia page: Oedipus Tyrannus (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Oedipus Rex, also known by its Greek title, Oedipus Tyrannus (Ancient Greek: Οἰδίπους Τύραννος, pronounced [oidípoːs týrannos]), or Oedipus the King, is an Athenian tragedy by Sophocles that was first performed around 429 BC.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ted Williams was nicknamed "The Kid" because his second name, Billy.
Wikipedia page: Ted Williams (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Williams was born in San Diego on August 30, 1918, and named Theodore Samuel Williams after former president Theodore Roosevelt as well as his father, Samuel Stuart Williams.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The towers appear in the first episode of the TV series 24.
Wikipedia page: Petronas Towers (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture
text: The Towers appear in the first episode of the US TV series 24.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Billy Southworth's son accepted his Hall of Fame induction in his father's name.
Wikipedia page: Billy Southworth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Return to the Cardinals
text: However, another personal family tragedy struck when on February 15, 1945, his son, Billy Jr., by then a United States Army Air Forces major, died when his Boeing B-29 Superfortress crashed into Flushing Bay, New York after taking off from Mitchel Field, New York, on a training flight to Florida.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cosines are used in many fields of hard data.
Wikipedia page: Cosine (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They are widely used in all sciences that are related to geometry, such as navigation, solid mechanics, celestial mechanics, geodesy, and many others.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Mercedes-Benz Stadium has a retractable roof.
Wikipedia page: Mercedes-Benz Stadium (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Retractable roof
text: Since the retractable roof was one of the major features and design points of the stadium, some of the problems with the roof were magnified in the stadium's first year of operation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The title of the novel, No Longer At Ease, was inspired by the author's mother's diary entries that he found after she passed.
Wikipedia page: No Longer At Ease (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Novel's title
text: The book's title comes from the closing lines of T. S. Eliot's poem, The Journey of the Magi: We returned to our places, these Kingdoms,
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alcibiades a member of the Alcmaeonidae.
Wikipedia page: Alcibiades (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Alcibiades thereby, through his mother, belonged to the powerful and controversial family of the Alcmaeonidae; the renowned Pericles and his brother Ariphron were Deinomache's cousins, as her father and their mother were siblings.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alphabet is in the top 5 of the richest companies in the world.
Wikipedia page: Alphabet Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alphabet is the world's fourth-largest technology company by revenue and one of the world's most valuable companies.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf's plays do point out the differences between ordinary and imaginary.
Wikipedia page: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes | Reality and illusion
text: Most plays establish the difference between reality and illusion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harding had 7 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Warren G. Harding (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career | Childhood and education
text: Nicknamed "Winnie" as a small child, he was the eldest of eight children born to George Tryon Harding (1843–1928; usually known as Tryon) and Phoebe Elizabeth (née Dickerson) Harding (1843–1910).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cast members of The Walking Dead are not told ahead of time if they will be written off the show.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Cast members are generally told ahead of time if they have been written off the show, but otherwise kept to secrecy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The official day that Ludwig van Beethoven came out of the womb is unknown.
Wikipedia page: Ludwig van Beethoven (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ludwig van Beethoven ( (listen); Ludwig van Beethoven ( (listen); German: [ˈluːtvɪç fan ˈbeːtʰoːfn̩] (listen); baptised 17 December 1770 – 26 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist; his music is amongst the most performed of the classical music repertoire, and he is one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music.
section_header: Life and career | Family and early life
text: There is no authentic record of the date of his birth; however, the registry of his baptism, in the Catholic Parish of St. Remigius on 17 December 1770, survives, and the custom in the region at the time was to carry out baptism within 24 hours of birth.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Becky agrees to be courted by Tom because he, like her, has no experience in affairs of the heart.
Wikipedia page: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Tom pursues Becky, eventually persuading her to get "engaged" by kissing him.
section_header: Plot
text: However, their romance soon collapses when she discovers that Tom was previously "engaged" to another schoolgirl,
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: On July 19, 1955, Disnelyland Park opened in Anaheim, California.
Wikipedia page: Disneyland (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Author of Daniel Deronda  used a fake male moniker for the book.
Wikipedia page: Daniel Deronda (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Daniel Deronda is a novel written by Mary Ann Evans under the pen name of George Eliot, first published in 1876.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Warren Spahn did die of a heart attack.
Wikipedia page: Warren Spahn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Spahn died of natural causes, at his home in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Treaty of Ghent changed the division between Canada and the United States along the shoreline of the Great Lakes.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Ghent (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The treaty restored relations between the two parties to status quo ante bellum, restoring the borders of the two countries to the lines before the war started in June
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Berlin Wall has been featured in numerous games.
Wikipedia page: Berlin Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Related media | Games
text: Video games related to the Berlin Wall include:  The Berlin Wall (1991), a video game.
section_header: Related media | Games
text: In April 2018 game publisher Playway S.A. announced that Polish game studio K202 was working on The Berlin Wall video game, which was released in November 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pierre Trudeau did not have any children.
Wikipedia page: Pierre Trudeau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Marriage and children
text: The couple had three sons: the first two, 23rd and current Prime Minister Justin (born 1971), and Alexandre (born 1973), were both born on Christmas Day two years apart.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cannery Row is the site a sardine factory that has now became a tourist site in part because it attracts sea lions.
Wikipedia page: Cannery Row (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Today
text: Today the area offshore from Cannery Row is the Edward F. Ricketts State Marine Conservation Area (part of the larger Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary)  and is home to a large resurgent population of California sea lions.
section_header: Today
text: By canning squid at the end of its life, Hovden Cannery managed to outlast its neighbors, finally closing its doors in 1973 when it became the last cannery on the row to close.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Electrical resistance uses the units Joules.
Wikipedia page: Electrical resistance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω), while electrical conductance is measured in siemens (S) (formerly called “mho”s and then represented by ℧).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The band Coldplay has its roots in the English capital city of London.
Wikipedia page: Coldplay (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Coldplay are a British rock band that were formed in London in 1996.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Apart from music, Bob Marley was a big fan of American sports like basketball.
Wikipedia page: Bob Marley (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Association football
text: Marley surrounded himself with people from the sport, and in the 1970s made the Jamaican international footballer Allan "Skill" Cole his tour manager.
section_header: Personal life | Association football
text: Aside from music, association football played a major role throughout his life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment, a peasant is taken in for questioning for the murder of the pawnbroker.
Wikipedia page: Crime and Punishment (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | Part 2
text: Still feverish, Raskolnikov listens nervously to a conversation between Razumikhin and the doctor about the status of the police investigation into the murders: a muzhik called Mikolka, who was working in a neighbouring flat at the time, has been detained, and the old woman's clients are being interviewed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roush played with 5 different teams during his career in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Edd Roush (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played in Major League Baseball for the Cincinnati Reds, New York Giants, Chicago White Sox, Newark Peppers and Indianapolis Hoosiers from 1913 to 1931.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tommy McCarthy was famous for being a base-stealer.
Wikipedia page: Tommy McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Although the shoddy record-keeping of the time prevents an accurate tally, he also asserted himself as a daring presence on the base-paths, by some accounts stealing over 100 bases in 1888 and approaching the mark in 1890.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Anton Bruckner's music was among the most hated in Nazi Germany and even his Seventh Symphony was remixed by German radio (Deutscher Reichsrundfunk) when it announced the news of Hitler's death on 1 May 1945.
Wikipedia page: Anton Bruckner (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception in the 20th century
text: Bruckner's music was among the most popular in Nazi Germany.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: IBM employees are not allowed to accept prestigious recognitions on their own behalf outide if the company.
Wikipedia page: IBM (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: IBM employees have been awarded five Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, ten National Medals of Technology (USA) and five National Medals of Science (USA).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vera Danchakoff, known as "the mother of stem cells" was a Russian scientist who went against her parents wishes who wanted her to be an artist.
Wikipedia page: Vera Danchakoff (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She has sometimes been called "the mother of stem cells".
section_header: Summary
text: Vera Mikhaĭlovna Danchakoff (née Grigorevskaya, March 21, 1879 – September 22, 1950) was a Russian anatomist, cell biologist and embryologist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Phiel Niekro had roots from Poland.
Wikipedia page: Phil Niekro (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He is of Polish descent. He attended Bridgeport High School in Bridgeport, Ohio, and was a boyhood friend of Basketball Hall-of-Famer
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is Joyce's 2nd book of poems that was published.
Wikipedia page: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of Irish writer James Joyce.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Smetana was taught by Proksch.
Wikipedia page: Bedřich Smetana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Apprentice musician | Student and teacher
text: In January 1844 Proksch agreed to take Smetana as a pupil, and at the same time the young musician's financial difficulties were eased when he secured an appointment as music teacher to the family of a nobleman, Count Thun.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Superconductivity was first spotted in the 1910s.
Wikipedia page: Superconductivity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The superconductivity phenomenon was discovered in 1911 by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Buck Ewing played for the St. Louis Blues and the New York Giants who passed away in 1906 in Cincinnati.
Wikipedia page: Buck Ewing (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William "Buck" Ewing (October 17, 1859 – October 20, 1906) was an American Major League Baseball player and manager.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roberts has produced several of her own  movies.
Wikipedia page: Julia Roberts (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Film production
text: Roberts runs the production company Red Om Films (Red Om is "Moder" spelled backwards, after her husband's last name) with her sister, Lisa Roberts Gillan, and Marisa Yeres Gill.
section_header: Film production
text: Through Red Om, Roberts served as an executive producer of the first four films of the American Girl film series (based on the American Girl line of dolls), released between 2004 and 2008.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Vandals were a group of people that were eventually felled the Roman Empire.
Wikipedia page: Vandals (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They fended off several Roman attempts to recapture the African province, and sacked the city of Rome in 455.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy was the son of a Jew.
Wikipedia page: Felix Mendelssohn (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Surname
text: Abraham Mendelssohn renounced the Jewish religion prior to Felix's birth; he and his wife decided not to have Felix circumcised, in contravention of the Jewish tradition.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Radbourn had Irish roots.
Wikipedia page: Charles Radbourn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Charles Radbourn (the elder) had immigrated to the United States from Bristol, England, to find work as a butcher; Caroline followed soon after.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Orchestra conductor and composer Niels Wilhelm Gade was inspired by local legends and myths.
Wikipedia page: Niels Gade (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: These products, embraced post-1848 as works of Romantic nationalism, are sometimes based on Danish folklore.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Three Musketeers was intially printed in a periopdical.
Wikipedia page: The Three Musketeers (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin
text: The Three Musketeers was first published in serial form in the newspaper Le Siècle between March and July 1844.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Boats on the Erie Canal moved freight, but were not equipped to move people.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Proposals and logistics | Freight boats
text: Migrants took passage on freight boats, camping on deck or on top of crates.
section_header: Proposals and logistics | Passenger boats
text: Men and women boarded barges to venture west, to visit relatives, or just for a relaxing excursion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rio de Janeiro is known for beaches and carnival's natural setting with famous sightseeing spots available, as well as the knowledge that crime is a way of life for many.
Wikipedia page: Rio de Janeiro (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Despite the high perception of crime, the city actually has a lower incidence of crime than most state capitals in Brazil.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Facebook is an online social media and networking service that was started by Mark Zuckerberg while he was attending college.
Wikipedia page: Facebook (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Inc. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg, along with fellow Harvard College students and roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Khrushchev passed due to complications from an attack.
Wikipedia page: Nikita Khrushchev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Khrushchev died in 1971 of a heart attack.
Verdict: REFUTES