tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Waner was called Slim Poison.
Wikipedia page: Lloyd Waner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lloyd James Waner (March 16, 1906 – July 22, 1982), nicknamed "Little Poison", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) center fielder.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Benedict Arnold was a smuggler.
Wikipedia page: Benedict Arnold (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Colonial merchant
text: On the night of January 28, 1767, he and members of his crew roughed up a man suspected of attempting to inform authorities of Arnold's smuggling.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Doctor Zhivago was not allowed in the Soviet Union.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Zhivago (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Because the book was banned in the Soviet Union, it could not be filmed there.
section_header: Summary
text: While immensely popular in the West, the book was banned in the Soviet Union for decades.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This an anthology of poems written by Shell DuBois.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Experience (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Songs of Innocence and of Experience is a collection of illustrated poems by William Blake.
section_header: Summary
text: It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later he bound these poems with a set of new poems in a volume titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The second part of the Mahabharata outlines that Lord Shiva had written  the Vyasa's dictation.
Wikipedia page: Mahabharata (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Textual history and structure
text: The first section of the Mahābhārata states that it was Ganesha who wrote down the text to Vyasa's dictation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The oldest written use of Jerusalem is from a non-biblical source.
Wikipedia page: Jerusalem (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Names: history and etymology | Oldest written mention of "Jerusalem"
text: The earliest extra-biblical Hebrew writing of the word Jerusalem is dated to the sixth or seventh century BCE and was discovered in Khirbet Beit Lei near Beit Guvrin in 1961.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Mongol empire became the biggest empire after Genghis Khan's death.
Wikipedia page: Genghis Khan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Genghis Khan (born Temüjin Borjigin, c. 1155 – c. April 16, 1162 –  August 18, 1227), also officially Genghis Emperor, was the founder and first Great Khan and Emperor of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The battle of Kings Mountains was an important event in the history of the United States.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Kings Mountain (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath
text: Kings Mountain was a pivotal moment in the history of the American Revolution.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American lawyer and baseball commissioner Bowie Kent Kuhn was the shortest commissioner.
Wikipedia page: Bowie Kuhn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: Kuhn was the youngest (42), tallest (6-foot-5), and heaviest (240 pounds, 109 kg) commissioner in history.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jodie Foster started acting when she was just 3.
Wikipedia page: Jodie Foster (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 1965–1975: Early work
text: Foster's career began with an appearance as the Coppertone girl in a television advertisement in 1965, when she was three years old.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The group quickly embraced 1960s rock and roll.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Musical style and development | Genres
text: Originating as a skiffle group, the Beatles quickly embraced 1950s rock and roll and helped pioneer the Merseybeat genre, and their repertoire ultimately expanded to include a broad variety of pop music.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Khrushchev never held a political office position.
Wikipedia page: Nikita Khrushchev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Leader (1953–1964) | Domestic policies | Political reform
text: This rarely happened; there were no major political trials under Khrushchev, and at most several hundred political prosecutions overall.
section_header: Leader (1953–1964) | Domestic policies | Consolidation of power; Secret Speech
text: After the demotion of Malenkov, Khrushchev and Molotov initially worked together well, and the longtime foreign minister even proposed that Khrushchev, not Bulganin, replace Malenkov as premier.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: According to written records, The Merchant of Venice was first enacted in front of Queen Mary.
Wikipedia page: The Merchant of Venice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Performance history
text: The earliest performance of which a record has survived was held at the court of King James in the spring of 1605, followed by a second performance a few days later, but there is no record of any further performances in the 17th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American actress Jane Wyman played along side Ronald Reagan.
Wikipedia page: Jane Wyman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | "B" pictures
text: It co starred Ronald Reagan, Priscilla Lane, Wayne Morris and Eddie Albert.
section_header: Career | "B" pictures
text: At Warners she had the lead in Brother Rat (1938), a "B" which proved popular.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gentleman's Agreement is about an undercover reporter who investigates anti-Semitism.
Wikipedia page: Gentleman's Agreement (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It concerns a journalist (played by Gregory Peck) who poses as a Jew to research an exposé on the widespread distrust and dislike of Jews in New York City and the affluent communities of New Canaan, Connecticut and Darien, Connecticut.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Wright passed away from assassination in 1899.
Wikipedia page: Harry Wright (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William was also known as "G.O.M.".
Wikipedia page: William Ewart Gladstone (History)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture
text: Gladstone was popularly known in his later years as the "Grand Old Man" or "G.O.M.".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It is one of the most commended plays from a Norwegian playwright.
Wikipedia page: Peer Gynt (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Written in Danish—the common written language of Denmark and Norway in Ibsen's lifetime—it is one of the most widely performed Norwegian plays.
section_header: The Peer Gynt Festival
text: The play is one of the most popular theater productions in Norway, attracting more than 12,000 people every summer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Every Man In His Humour is categorized as a comedy.
Wikipedia page: Every Man In His Humour (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play belongs to the subgenre of the "humours comedy," in which each major character is dominated by an over-riding humour or obsession.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frances McDormand was born in Illinois and was adopted.
Wikipedia page: Frances McDormand (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She was adopted at one and a half years of age by Noreen (Nickelson) and Vernon McDormand and renamed Frances Louise McDormand.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pearson was a minor baseball player before he became a diplomat.
Wikipedia page: Lester B. Pearson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lester Bowles Pearson  (23 April 1897 – 27 December 1972) was a Canadian scholar, statesman, soldier, prime minister, and diplomat, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the United Nations Emergency Force to resolve the Suez Canal Crisis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ragtime was very popular during the late 1800s.
Wikipedia page: Ragtime (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ragtime – also spelled rag-time or rag time – is a musical style that enjoyed its peak popularity between 1895 and 1919.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Many other transport system were built before the canal.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was the first transportation system between the East Coast of the United States and the western interior that did not require portage.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hitachi is headquartered in Dallas, Texas and is a multinational company based in Tokyo.
Wikipedia page: Hitachi (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hitachi, Ltd. (株式会社日立製作所, Kabushiki gaisha Hitachi Seisaku-sho, lit. " Hitachi Works Corporation") (Japanese pronunciation: [çi̥taꜜtɕi]) is a Japanese multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk resulted in Russia withdrawing from World War I.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The RMS Titanic was a French passenger ship that was headed to NYC.
Wikipedia page: RMS Titanic (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner operated by the White Star Line that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning hours of 15 April 1912, after striking an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zynga's main office is in San Francisco.
Wikipedia page: Zynga (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Zynga Inc.  is an American social game developer running social video game services and founded in April 2007 with headquarters in San Francisco, California, United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eiffel Tower was built by Pierre Eiffel in 1887.
Wikipedia page: Eiffel Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Origin
text: The design of the Eiffel Tower is attributed to Maurice Koechlin and Émile Nouguier, two senior engineers working for the Compagnie des Établissements Eiffel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There is not a zero Vector.
Wikipedia page: Vector (mathematics and physics) (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Specific vectors in a vector space
text: Zero vector (sometimes called null vector), the additive identity in a vector space.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kim Kardashian was born on October 13, 1980 which was a Friday the 13th.
Wikipedia page: Kim Kardashian (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Kim Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980, in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Robert and Kris (née Houghton).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Catcher in the Rye was not first printed as a novel.
Wikipedia page: The Catcher in the Rye (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Catcher in the Rye is a novel by J. D. Salinger, partially published in serial form in 1945–1946 and as a novel in 1951.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pompez was an immigrant who owned the Cuban Stars.
Wikipedia page: Alex Pompez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alejandro "Alex" Pompez (May 3, 1890 – March 14, 1974) was an American executive in Negro league baseball who owned the Cuban Stars (East) and New York Cubans franchises from 1916 to 1950.
section_header: Biography
text: Pompez was born on May 3, 1890, in Key West, Florida, the oldest of four children born to Cuban immigrants Jose and Loretta Pompez.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gary Cooper had roots from England.
Wikipedia page: Gary Cooper (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Frank James Cooper was born in Helena, Montana, on May 7, 1901, the youngest of two sons of English parents Alice (née Brazier; 1873–1967) and Charles Henry Cooper (1865–1946).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gomez used her fame as a platform to get young people interested in learning about the 2008 election for president.
Wikipedia page: Selena Gomez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Philanthropy | Other charity work
text: Gomez was involved in the UR Votes Count campaign which encouraged teenagers to learn more about 2008 presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Spiceworld: The Movie is a parody.
Wikipedia page: Spice Girls (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Other brand ventures | Film
text: Considered a cult film, many publications described it as a brilliant film of the parody genre, that mocks both the star system and clichés of the cinema, while giving many winks to popular culture of the time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The New York Stock Exchange named it's first leader in 1938.
Wikipedia page: New York Stock Exchange (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Official holidays
text: The New York Stock Exchange is closed on New Year's Day, Martin Luther King,
section_header: Trading | Timeline
text: In 1938, NYSE names its first president.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pacino is Irish Italian.
Wikipedia page: Al Pacino (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alfredo James Pacino (; Italian: [paˈtʃiːno]; born April 25, 1940) is an American actor and filmmaker.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The music group the Bee Gees was made up of brothers who wrote their own hits.
Wikipedia page: Bee Gees (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bee Gees wrote all of their own hits, as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists.
section_header: Summary
text: Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ted Lyons became the Chicago White Sox manager.
Wikipedia page: Ted Lyons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Managing and coaching career
text: Lyons succeeded Dykes as the White Sox manager in May 1946 after an apparent contract dispute between Dykes and Grace Comiskey.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Panasonic was founded as a lightbulb socket manufacturer originally with a different name.
Wikipedia page: Panasonic (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 20th century
text: Panasonic, then Matsushita Electric, was founded in 1918 by Kōnosuke Matsushita as a vendor of duplex lamp sockets.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brooks used different musicians each time studio session during his career in baseball in 1998 - 1999.
Wikipedia page: Garth Brooks (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Recording style
text: The vast majority of Brooks' recordings have used the same studio band, known collectively as the "G-Men".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jake Beckley did not go into real estate after he retired from baseball.
Wikipedia page: Jake Beckley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: In addition to his umpiring and coaching after retirement from professional play, Beckley operated a grain business in Kansas City.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paris is the capital and second most populous city of France, and is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited art museum in the world in 2019, with 9.6 million visitors.
Wikipedia page: Paris (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Paris (French pronunciation: ​[paʁi] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,150,271 residents as of 2020, in an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Erie Canal first ran 352 miles.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Originally, it ran 363 miles (584 km) from the Hudson River in Albany to Lake Erie in Buffalo.
section_header: Summary
text: The Erie Canal is a canal in New York, United States that is part of the east–west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Ausrerlitz occurred in what is now the Czech Republic.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Austerlitz (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Battle | Battlefield
text: The battle took place about ten kilometres (six miles) southeast of the town of Brno, between that town and Austerlitz (Czech: Slavkov u Brna) in what is now the Czech Republic.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are very few remnants if ancient Fungi compared to other cataloged forms of life.
Wikipedia page: Fungi (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Evolution
text: In contrast to plants and animals, the early fossil record of the fungi is meager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chandragupta Maurya was a student of Chanakya's philosophies.
Wikipedia page: Chandragupta Maurya (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India.
section_header: Summary
text: He was taught and counselled by the philosopher Chanakya, who had great influence in the formation of his empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Haiti shares land with another country.
Wikipedia page: Haiti (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Haiti ( (listen); French: Haïti [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (French: République d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti) formerly founded as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, to the east of Cuba and Jamaica and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The thought to start Gorillaz happened when one of its future members was watching VH1.
Wikipedia page: Gorillaz (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Creation (1990–1999)
text: The idea to create Gorillaz came about when Albarn and Hewlett were watching MTV.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The award-winning actor, Leonardo DiCaprio, had a problem finding a representative in his early acting years and was advised to take on a different name.
Wikipedia page: Leonardo DiCaprio (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and acting background
text: One agent suggested he change his name to Lenny Williams to appeal to the American audience, which he refused.
section_header: Early life and acting background
text: In the beginning of his career, DiCaprio had difficulty finding an agent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George B. McClellan was a general during the Civil War.
Wikipedia page: George B. McClellan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army, which would become the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater; he served a brief period (November 1861 to March 1862) as general-in-chief of the Union Army.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book starts off by the rich aunt of the main character dying and ceding her property to to him.
Wikipedia page: Sense and Sensibility (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Henry Dashwood, his second wife, and their three daughters live for many years with Henry's wealthy bachelor uncle at Norland Park, a large country estate in Sussex.
section_header: Plot summary
text: That uncle decides, in late life, to will the use and income only of his property first to Henry, then to Henry's first son (by his first marriage) John Dashwood, so that the property should pass intact to John's three-year-old son Harry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The play is based in the Mediterranean and a Jewish seller of goods.
Wikipedia page: The Jew of Malta (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The original story combines religious conflict, intrigue, and revenge, set against a backdrop of the struggle for supremacy between Spain and the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean that takes place on the island of Malta.
section_header: Summary
text: The plot primarily revolves around a Maltese Jewish merchant named Barabas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is a classic book not by Captain Nemo.
Wikipedia page: Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas: A World Tour Underwater (French: Vingt mille lieues sous les mers: Tour du monde sous-marin) is a classic science fiction adventure novel by French writer Jules Verne.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Confederate Army was sure they had won at the end of the first day's battle.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Shiloh (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull
text: Lick 'em tomorrow, though." Beauregard sent a telegram to President Davis announcing a complete victory.
section_header: Battle, April 6 (first day: Confederate assault) | Evening lull
text: He later admitted, "I thought I had Grant just where I wanted him and could finish him up in the morning.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author of Les Misérables, Victor Hugo, used his own experience stopping an officer from detaining a lady of the evening to inform a similar scene in his book.
Wikipedia page: Les Misérables (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Hugo's sources
text: In 1841, Hugo saved a prostitute from arrest for assault.
section_header: Hugo's sources
text: He used a short part of his dialogue with the police when recounting Valjean's rescue of Fantine in the novel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This battle was a technical win for General Lee but he lost many soldiers.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Chancellorsville (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lee's difficulty in replacing his lost men, as well as his inability to prevent the Union withdrawal, effectively led to his great victory being regarded as a Pyrrhic one.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Academy has been around for over 200 years.
Wikipedia page: United States Military Academy (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The academy traces its roots to 1801, when President Thomas Jefferson directed that plans be set in motion to establish the United States Military Academy at West Point.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author, Karen Blixen, went to Kenya when she was nearly thirty to enter an incestuous marriage with a Baron/coffee farmer, which lasted 12 years.
Wikipedia page: Out of Africa (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: Karen Blixen moved to British East Africa in late 1913, at the age of 28, to marry her second cousin, the Swedish Baron Bror von Blixen-Finecke, and make a life in the British colony known today as Kenya.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tom Yawkey was the owner of the Boston Red Sox and an integrator.
Wikipedia page: Tom Yawkey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Boston Red Sox | Criticism and controversies
text: The resistance to signing black players by the Red Sox, who were the last major league team to integrate, has led to assertions of Yawkey being racist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Chinese company Baidu used to operate out of a garage when it first began.
Wikipedia page: Baidu (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Early development
text: Baidu's first office was located in a hotel room, which was near Peking University from where Robin graduated.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Driving Miss Daisy was very unpopular among the film critics.
Wikipedia page: Driving Miss Daisy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Critical reaction
text: Driving Miss Daisy was well received by critics, with particular emphasis on the screenplay & Morgan Freeman's and Jessica Tandy's performances.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There is a storm on Jupiter that has been there since before the 1600's, when records started to be kept.
Wikipedia page: Jupiter (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century when it was first seen by telescope.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Portugal, a country in Europe, has been invaded by the Romans, the Germanic kingdoms of Suebi and Vandals and the Umayyad Caliphate.
Wikipedia page: Portugal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Islamic period and the Reconquista
text: Today's continental Portugal, along with most of modern Spain, was part of al-Andalus between 726 and 1249, following the Umayyad Caliphate conquest of the Iberian Peninsula.
section_header: History | Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia
text: Romans first invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 219 BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Shape of Water  was filmed in Vancouver, Canada.
Wikipedia page: The Shape of Water (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Filming took place in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, between August and November 2016.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Critics were split on their feelings about the book.
Wikipedia page: Homage to Catalonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reviews
text: Contemporary reviews of the book were mixed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Resonance must be considered when building especially in earthquake prone regions.
Wikipedia page: Resonance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance
text: Buildings in seismic zones are often constructed to take into account the oscillating frequencies of expected ground motion.
section_header: Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance
text: Avoiding resonance disasters is a major concern in every building, tower, and bridge construction project.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of the Little Bighorn was a battle between the U.S. Government and Native Americans.
Wikipedia page: Battle of the Little Bighorn (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Thanatopsis' author was a native of Providence, Rhode Island.
Wikipedia page: Thanatopsis (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: William Cullen Bryant was born in 1794 in Cummington, Massachusetts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Marco Polo did pass away before his mother.
Wikipedia page: Marco Polo (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Birthplace and family origin
text: On their arrival there, Messer Nicolas found that his wife was dead, and that she had left behind her a son of fifteen years of age, whose name was Marco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mexican baseball player Ron Santo had diabetes which resulted in his legs being amputated.
Wikipedia page: Ron Santo (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ronald Edward Santo (February 25, 1940 – December 3, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman who played for the Chicago Cubs from 1960 through 1973 and the Chicago White Sox in 1974.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: During the 17th century, the Mughal Empire's agriculture included corn and sugar-cane.
Wikipedia page: Mughal Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy | Agriculture
text: By the mid-17th century, Indian cultivators begun to extensively grow two new crops from the Americas, maize and tobacco.
section_header: Economy | Agriculture
text: A variety of crops were grown, including food crops such as wheat, rice, and barley, and non-food cash crops such as cotton, indigo and opium.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The building weights more than four hundred and fifty thousand thousands tonnes.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Construction and structure
text: The foundation was designed to support the total building weight of approximately 450,000 tonnes (500,000 short tons; 440,000 long tons).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Anton Bruckner is from Austria.
Wikipedia page: Anton Bruckner (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Josef Anton Bruckner (German: [ˈantɔn ˈbʁʊknɐ] (listen); (1824-09-04)4 September 1824 – (1896-10-11)11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist best known for his symphonies, masses, Te Deum and motets.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gary Carter won a World Series and was called The Kid.
Wikipedia page: Gary Carter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Known throughout his career for his hitting and his excellent defense behind the plate, Carter made a major contribution to the Mets' World Series championship in 1986, including a 12th-inning single against the Houston Astros which won Game 5 of the NLCS and a 10th-inning single against the Boston Red Sox to start the fabled comeback rally in Game 6 of the World Series.
section_header: Playing career | Montreal Expos
text: Carter got his nickname "The Kid" during his first spring training camp with the Expos in 1974.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 15th primer minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau is the father of the current prime minister for the only time in Canadian history.
Wikipedia page: Pierre Trudeau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His eldest son, Justin Trudeau, became the 23rd and current Prime Minister, following the 2015 election and 2019 election, and is the first prime minister of Canada to be a descendant of a former prime minister.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jane Alexander's back up plan for a career was to be a nurse like her mother.
Wikipedia page: Jane Alexander (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Encouraged by her father to go to college before embarking on an acting career, Alexander attended Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York, where she concentrated on theater, but also studied mathematics with an eye toward computer programming, in the event that she failed as an actress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pennock was a devout son, outstanding left hand pitcher, coach, and had excellent skills on a steed.
Wikipedia page: Herb Pennock (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After retiring as a player, Pennock served as a coach and farm system director for the Red Sox, and as general manager of the Philadelphia Phillies.
section_header: Playing career | Return to Boston
text: Many, including Mack, consider Pennock among the greatest left-handed pitchers of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: 2003 was the year The Black Eyed Peas released a song that ranked high on music billboards.
Wikipedia page: The Black Eyed Peas (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Black Eyed Peas' first major hit was the 2003 single " Where Is the Love?" from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britain's biggest-selling single of 2003.
section_header: History | 2002–2005: Addition of Fergie and Elephunk
text: "From Elephunk came "Where Is the Love?", which became the Black Eyed Peas' first major hit, peaking at No.8 on the U.S. Hot 100, but topping the charts in several other countries, including seven weeks at No.1 in the United Kingdom, where it became the biggest-selling single of 2003.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The scriputure dates back to 350 decades.
Wikipedia page: Bhagavadgita (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Date
text: The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The story was written by Mark Twain.
Wikipedia page: The Cask of Amontillado (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The Cask of Amontillado" (sometimes spelled "The Casque of Amontillado" [a.mon.ti.ˈʝa.ðo]) is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe, first published in the  November 1846 issue of Godey's Lady's Book.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maurya's childhood is not well documented.
Wikipedia page: Chandragupta Maurya (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life
text: The early life of Chandragupta Maurya is unclear and varies by source.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Airbnb is a vacation rental company and started in the Bay Area.
Wikipedia page: Airbnb (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced  AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Located on the east side of Fifth Ave in South Midtown, the building is between 33rd and 35th Streets.
Wikipedia page: Empire State Building (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The site of the Empire State Building, located in Midtown South on the west side of Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets, was originally part of an early 18th-century farm.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Third Crusade was the third and final battle by France to take over Jerusalem.
Wikipedia page: Third Crusade (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by the leaders of the three most powerful states of Western Christianity (Angevin England, France and the Holy Roman Empire) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Wild Duck Wild was written by a French man named Molvik Relling.
Wikipedia page: The Wild Duck (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Wild Duck (original Norwegian title: Vildanden) is an 1884 play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dead Souls revolves around Chichikov and his adventures.
Wikipedia page: Dead Souls (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel chronicles the travels and adventures of Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov (Russian: Павел Иванович Чичиков) and the people whom he encounters.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jane Goodall is acknowledged as an expert on chimps.
Wikipedia page: Jane Goodall (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: At the end of Act II, Oliver reunites with his mother outside of the Three Cripples Pub.
Wikipedia page: Oliver! (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Act I
text: The next morning Noah Claypole, another employee of Sowerberry, insults Oliver's dead mother, whereupon Oliver begins pummeling him.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Naked and the Dead novel has many parts, and it captured the public's attention when published.
Wikipedia page: The Naked and the Dead (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1998 the Modern Library ranked The Naked and the Dead 51st on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.
section_header: Themes
text: Throughout the novel, Mailer dwells on many themes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Anita Borg's childhood was spent in California.
Wikipedia page: Anita Borg (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Education and early life
text: She grew up in Palatine, Illinois; Kaneohe, Hawaii; and Mukilteo, Washington.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ford Frick was given a six year deal for 55,000 and was a sports writer and the Natinal League President in 1934.
Wikipedia page: Ford Frick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball Commissioner
text: Frick agreed to a seven-year contract worth $65,000 each year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and with San Jose, it forms the fifth most populous combined statistical area in the United States.
Wikipedia page: San Francisco (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: San Francisco is the 16th most populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous in California, with 881,549 residents as of 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tokugawa leyasu helped rule Japan and was seen as a great leader who united Japan.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa Ieyasu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康, January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roy Campanella's retirement from baseball happened before the Dodgers moved to LA.
Wikipedia page: Roy Campanella (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Major League Baseball
text: the 1957 season, the Brooklyn Dodgers relocated to Los Angeles and became the Los Angeles Dodgers, but Campanella's playing career came to an end as a result of an automobile accident.
section_header: Playing career | Major League Baseball
text: He never played a game for Los Angeles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Greek word "Tropic" of Cancer's position is not fixed and occurs on the June solstice, being the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead.
Wikipedia page: Tropic of Cancer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent.
section_header: Drift
text: The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Heiress has won numerous awards which include more than 4 Academy Awards.
Wikipedia page: The Heiress (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and nominations
text: AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) AwardsAcademy Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland) Academy Award for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration, Black and White (John Meehan, Harry Horner, and Emile Kuri) Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Edith Head and Gile Steele) Academy Award for Best Original Score (Aaron Copland) Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture (Olivia de Havilland) National Board of Review Award for Best Actor (Ralph Richardson) New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress (Olivia de Havilland)NominationsAcademy Award for Best Picture
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mantle passed away due to cancer complications.
Wikipedia page: Mickey Mantle (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Illness and death
text: Mantle returned to the hospital shortly thereafter where it was found that his cancer had spread throughout his body.
section_header: Illness and death
text: Mantle died on August 13, 1995, at Baylor University Medical Center with his wife at his side, five months after his mother had died at age 91.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: 4 out of 7 of Beethoven's siblings died as infants.
Wikipedia page: Ludwig van Beethoven (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Family and early life
text: Of the seven children born to Johann van Beethoven, only Ludwig, the second-born, and two younger brothers survived infancy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 was shot a few years after Part 1.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: Part 2 was filmed back-to-back with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010, with reshoots for the epilogue scene taking place at Leavesden Film Studios on 21 December 2010.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Citizen Kane is a auto-biography about actor, Gregg Toland.
Wikipedia page: Citizen Kane (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Citizen Kane is a 1941 American drama film by Orson Welles, its producer, co-screenwriter, director and star.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Marco Polo was the last in a long line of writers and explorers to Asia and along the Silk Road.
Wikipedia page: Marco Polo (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Though he was not the first European to reach China  (see Europeans in Medieval China), Marco Polo was the first to explore some parts of Asia and to leave a detailed chronicle of his experience.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Social Network received mixed critics.
Wikipedia page: The Social Network (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Critical reception
text: In 2016, The Social Network was voted the 27th-best film of the 21st century by the BBC, as voted on by 177 film critics from around the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Professional footballer Lionel Messi left his home country as a teenager to play football in Spain.
Wikipedia page: Lionel Messi (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born and raised in central Argentina, Messi relocated to Spain to join Barcelona at age 13, for whom he made his competitive debut aged 17 in October 2004.
section_header: Player profile | Reception
text: Despite having lived in Spain since age 13, Messi has said: "Argentina is my country, my family, my way of expressing myself.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alice Walker who wrote "The Color Purple" did not want her book to be published in Israel in 2012.
Wikipedia page: The Color Purple (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Boycotting Israel
text: As part of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS), the author declined publication of the book in Israel in 2012.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ronald Reagan's mother was a segregationist.
Wikipedia page: Ronald Reagan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Religion
text: He recalled the time when his college football team was staying at a local hotel which would not allow two black teammates to stay there, and he invited them to his parents' home 15 miles (24 kilometers) away in Dixon.
section_header: Early life | Religion
text: His mother invited them to stay overnight and have breakfast the next morning.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: T.S. Eliot thanked W.B. Yeats in his forward to The Waste Land.
Wikipedia page: The Waste Land (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Composition history | Writing
text: Eliot later dedicated the poem to Pound.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 2009 Megan Fox was part of a cowboy movie that was so bad when it came out the next year that it didn't get released in other countries.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers
text: In April 2009, she began filming Jonah Hex, in which she portrayed Leila (Tallulah Black), a gun-wielding beauty and Jonah Hex's (Josh Brolin) love interest.
section_header: Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers
text: Jonah Hex was a critical and commercial failure in the U.S., with its international distribution cancelled after its poor performance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Red Faber played baseball in the 1920s and then went into sales after 20 years with the White Sox.
Wikipedia page: Red Faber (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major leagues | Later career
text: After retiring as a player, Faber entered auto sales and real estate.
section_header: Summary
text: Urban Clarence "Red" Faber (September 6, 1888 – September 25, 1976) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1914 through 1933, playing his entire career for the Chicago White Sox.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tony Lazzeri was born  to Iranian immigrants.
Wikipedia page: Tony Lazzeri (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Lazzeri was born on December 6, 1903, to Augustine and Julia Lazzeri, who had emigrated from Italy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Benedict Arnold was an American-born senior officer of the British Army who commanded the American Legion in the later part of the Revolutionary War, but was extremely unpopular in Canada.
Wikipedia page: Benedict Arnold (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was extremely unpopular there and returned to London permanently in 1791.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: At the 1970 World Cup, Brazil lost to Italy in the single-elimination round.
Wikipedia page: Brazil national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)
text: They won all six of their games—against Czechoslovakia, England and Romania during group play, and against Peru, Uruguay and Italy in the knockout rounds.
section_header: History | The Golden Era with Pelé (1958–70)
text: Nonetheless, he returned in 1970.Brazil won its third World Cup in Mexico in 1970.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is a movie from the Harry Potter series and was one of the highest grossing movies.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With a worldwide gross of $976 million, Part 1 is the third-highest-grossing film of 2010, behind Toy Story 3 and Alice in Wonderland, and the third-highest-grossing Harry Potter film in terms of worldwide totals, behind Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Philosopher's Stone.
section_header: Summary
text: The film, which is the seventh and penultimate instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Tannenberg happened during WWI.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Tannenberg (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Molitor rejected an offer to play for a team to be able to continue his studies.
Wikipedia page: Paul Molitor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: After graduating from Cretin High School, he was selected in the 28th round of the 1974 free agent draft as a pitcher by the St. Louis Cardinals, but opted instead to attend college at the University of Minnesota.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Peru's land mass places it in the top twenty of biggest in the world.
Wikipedia page: Peru (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At 1.28 million km2 (0.5 million mi2), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Einstein's brain was removed for preservation by the permission of his family.
Wikipedia page: Albert Einstein (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Death
text: During the autopsy, the pathologist of Princeton Hospital, Thomas Stoltz Harvey, removed Einstein's brain for preservation without the permission of his family, in the hope that the neuroscience of the future would be able to discover what made Einstein so intelligent.
Verdict: REFUTES