tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: McGraw is a proud Republican.
Wikipedia page: Tim McGraw (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Politics
text: In a 2006 interview with Esquire magazine, McGraw, stated he would like to run for public office as a Democratic Party candidate, possibly for United States Senate or Governor of Tennessee, his home state.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Paris Commune was a group made up of like minded individuals from the worker class.
Wikipedia page: Paris Commune (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Because Paris was under siege for four months, the Third Republic moved its capital to Tours.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Frideric Handel was not originally from England.
Wikipedia page: George Frideric Handel (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years | Family
text: Handel was born in 1685 in Halle, Duchy of Magdeburg (then part of Brandenburg-Prussia), to Georg Händel and Dorothea Taust.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pearls have been used in the cosmetic industry.
Wikipedia page: Mollusca (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Human interaction
text: For millennia, molluscs have been a source of food for humans, as well as important luxury goods, notably pearls, mother of pearl, Tyrian purple dye, sea silk, and chemical compounds.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The story is about a Duke from England.
Wikipedia page: Measure for Measure (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Vincentio, the Duke of Vienna, makes it known that he intends to leave the city on a diplomatic mission.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cardinal Mazarin definitely wanted King Louis XIV to have all of his fortune after he died, and so put it in the first part of his will.
Wikipedia page: Cardinal Mazarin (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Mazarin probably calculated that the King would be too embarrassed to take all of his mentor's and chief Minister's wealth.
section_header: Death
text: The King waited for three days, then refused to accept it.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Glavine was a pitcher for the Giants.
Wikipedia page: Tom Glavine (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A pitcher, Glavine played in Major League Baseball for the Atlanta Braves (1987–2002, 2008), and New York Mets (2003–2007).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was completed before the year 2000.
Wikipedia page: London Eye (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Opening
text: The London Eye was formally opened by the Prime Minister Tony Blair on 31 December 1999, but did not open to the paying public until 9 March 2000 because of a capsule clutch problem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Washington Monument Society was started in 1833  with the design being completed three years later.
Wikipedia page: Washington Monument (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Design
text: Three years later, in 1836, after they had raised $28,000 in donations (equivalent to $1,000,000 in 2018), they announced a competition for the design of the memorial.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Erik Satie's mom passed away when he was a teenager.
Wikipedia page: Erik Satie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: After his mother's death in 1872, he was sent (at age 6), together with his younger brother, Conrad, back to Honfleur to live with his paternal grandparents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mars' band is called The Hooligans.
Wikipedia page: Bruno Mars (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mars is accompanied by his band, The Hooligans, who play a variety of instruments, such as electric guitar, bass, piano, keyboards, drums, and horns, and also serve as backup singers and dancers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Boxer Rebellion happened in Japan.
Wikipedia page: Boxer Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Boxer Rebellion (拳亂), Boxer Uprising, or Yihetuan Movement (義和團運動) was an anti-imperialist, anti-foreign, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, toward the end of the Qing dynasty.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel wa written in 1920.
Wikipedia page: The Great Gatsby (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alec Guinness is not the creator of Guinness, a dark Irish dry stout, but was actually an  actor who played a character in a popular movie trilogy.
Wikipedia page: Alec Guinness (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He also portrayed Obi-Wan Kenobi in George Lucas's original Star Wars trilogy; for the original 1977 film, he was nominated for Best Supporting Actor at the 50th Academy Awards.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Bernard Shaw did not like the film adaptation of his play Arms and the Man.
Wikipedia page: Arms and the Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: Shaw despised the result, calling it "a putrid opéra bouffe in the worst taste of 1860", but grew to regret not accepting payment when, despite his opinion of the work, it became a lucrative international success.
section_header: Adaptations
text: When Shaw gave Leopold Jacobson the rights to adapt the play into what became the operetta The Chocolate Soldier (1908) with music by Oscar Straus, he provided three conditions: none of Shaw's dialogue nor any of his character's names could be used, the libretto must be advertised as a parody of Shaw's work, and Shaw would accept no monetary compensation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Porfirio passed away in Madrid years after his resignation.
Wikipedia page: Porfirio Diaz (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: On 2 July 1915, Díaz died in exile in Paris, France.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mrs. Warren's Profession is a play about a female doctor.
Wikipedia page: Mrs. Warren's Profession (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play is about a former prostitute, now a madam (brothel proprietor), who attempts to come to terms with her disapproving daughter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Umayyad Caliphate continued overthrowing Muslims and Syria and established one of the biggest empires in history.
Wikipedia page: Umayyad Caliphate (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 15,600,000 km2 (6,000,000 sq mi) and 62 million people, making it one of the largest empires in history in both area and proportion of the world's population.
section_header: Summary
text: The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, incorporating the Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb and the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus) into the Muslim world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Last Picture Show happens in Texas.
Wikipedia page: The Last Picture Show (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: He and Sonny are among the meager group attending the final screening at the movie house, which is closing that day (the "last picture show" is Red River, a western set in Texas starring John Wayne).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Odyssey is one epic book that is, in part, a sequel to the Iliad.
Wikipedia page: Odyssey (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Odyssey (; Greek: Ὀδύσσεια, Odýsseia; Attic Greek: [o.dýs.sej.ja]) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arthur Kennedy joined the military and filmed training videos.
Wikipedia page: Arthur Kennedy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: During World War II, Kennedy served from 1943 to 1945 in the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) making aviation training films, both as a narrator and an actor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Citizen Kane is a movie by Robert Wise.
Wikipedia page: Citizen Kane (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Citizen Kane is a 1941 American drama film by Orson Welles, its producer, co-screenwriter, director and star.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Porfirio Diaz passed away in Mexico 4 years after he was stepped down as President of Mexico.
Wikipedia page: Porfirio Diaz (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After the Federal Army suffered a number of military defeats against the forces supporting Madero, Díaz was forced to resign in May 1911 and went into exile in Paris, where he died four years later.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ellen Burstyn was born in Detroit, Michigan, left school and worked as a dancer and model, and is among the few performers to have won the Triple Crown of Acting.
Wikipedia page: Ellen Burstyn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Known for her portrayal of complicated women in dramas, Burstyn is the recipient of various accolades, and is among the few performers to have won the Triple Crown of Acting.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Shanghai Tower has the Earth's 3rd speediest cable box lift.
Wikipedia page: Shanghai Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the world's second-tallest building by height to architectural top and it shares the record (along with the Ping An Finance Center) of having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure at 562 m. It had the world's second-fastest elevators at a top speed of 20.5 metres per second (74 km/h; 46 mph) until 2017,  when it was surpassed by the Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre, with a top speed of 21 metres per second (76 km/h; 47 mph).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Indira Gandhi International Airport was the twelfth most busy airport in the world in 2018.
Wikipedia page: Indira Gandhi International Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the calendar year 2018, it was the 12th busiest airport in the world and 6th busiest airport in Asia by passenger traffic handling nearly 70 million passengers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There is an Iron-Man monument in Paris to honor the superhero's death in the Avengers movie
Wikipedia page: Avengers: Endgame (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: In 2019, following the death of Tony Stark in the film, a statue depicting the character in his Iron Man armor was erected in Forte dei Marmi, Italy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Foucault's Pendulum was published in 1989.
Wikipedia page: Foucault's Pendulum (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was first published in 1988, and an English translation by William Weaver appeared a year later.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The person that the Greek tragedy, Prometheus Bound, is given credit to is in question because of a natural disaster that is referenced in the tragedy.
Wikipedia page: Prometheus Bound (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A reference (lines 363-372) to the eruption of Mount Aetna in 479 suggests that Prometheus Bound may date from later than this event.
section_header: Summary
text: Despite these doubts about its authorship, the play's designation as Aeschylean has remained conventional.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carew became a coach after 1986.
Wikipedia page: Rod Carew (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major league career | California Angels
text: The 1985 season was his last.
section_header: Summary
text: After retiring as a player, Carew served as a coach for the Angels and the Milwaukee Brewers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lighthouse of Alexandria is still standing and in good condition.
Wikipedia page: Lighthouse of Alexandria (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was the third longest surviving ancient wonder (after the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and the extant Great Pyramid of Giza), surviving in part until AD 1480, when the last of its remnant stones were used to build the Citadel of Qaitbay on the site.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Former Prime Minister of Japan Hideki Tojo and general in the Imperial Japanese Army was born into the merchant caste.
Wikipedia page: Hideki Tojo (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: The Tojo family came from the samurai caste, though the Tojos were relatively lowly warrior retainers for the great daimyōs (lords) that they had served for generations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Early Wynn's first wife died three years into their marriage.
Wikipedia page: Early Wynn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: Wynn married Mabel Allman in 1939.
section_header: Personal
text: She was killed in a car accident in 1942.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hadrian's Wall is known as the Picts' Wall.
Wikipedia page: Hadrian's Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hadrian's Wall (Latin: Vallum Aelium), also known as the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or Vallum Hadriani in Latin, is a former defensive fortification of the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the emperor Hadrian.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Windsor Castle was built in the 11th century by William the Conqueror.
Wikipedia page: Windsor Castle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The original castle was built in the 11th century after the Norman invasion of England by William the Conqueror.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Republican US Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. was the ambassador to the UN.
Wikipedia page: Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Political career | Ambassador to United Nations
text: Lodge was named U.S. ambassador to the United Nations by President Eisenhower in February 1953, with his office elevated to Cabinet-level rank.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The fabric for Moses's costume was made by hand.
Wikipedia page: The Ten Commandments (1956 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Art direction
text: Moses' robe as worn by Charlton Heston was hand-woven by Dorothea Hulse, one of the world's finest weavers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Shopify company was created by three men.
Wikipedia page: Shopify (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Shopify was founded in 2004 by Tobias Lütke, Daniel Weinand, and Scott Lake after attempting to open Snowdevil, an online store for snowboarding equipment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In France, Paris is the city that has been inhabited the longest.
Wikipedia page: France (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Antiquity (6th century BC–5th century AD)
text: In 600 BC, Ionian Greeks from Phocaea founded the colony of Massalia (present-day Marseille), on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
section_header: History | Antiquity (6th century BC–5th century AD)
text: This makes it France's oldest city.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It lies in a tunnel beneath the France-Switzerland border.
Wikipedia page: Large Hadron Collider (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference and as deep as 175 metres (574 ft) beneath the France–Switzerland border near Geneva.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pacino has four kids.
Wikipedia page: Al Pacino (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Pacino has fathered three children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Credit Mobilier of America was not a positive scandal for most.
Wikipedia page: Credit Mobilier of America scandal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The scandal negatively affected the careers of many politicians and nearly bankrupted Union Pacific.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In June 2018, they released a project called Azure Information Protection and Defending Democracy.
Wikipedia page: Microsoft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 2014–present: Windows 10, Microsoft Edge and HoloLens
text: In June 2016, Microsoft announced a project named Microsoft Azure Information Protection.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gentleman's Agreement is a movie about a journalist who pretends to be Jewish.
Wikipedia page: Gentleman's Agreement (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It concerns a journalist (played by Gregory Peck) who poses as a Jew to research an exposé on the widespread distrust and dislike of Jews in New York City and the affluent communities of New Canaan, Connecticut and Darien, Connecticut.
section_header: Summary
text: Gentleman's Agreement is a 1947 American drama film based on Laura Z. Hobson's best-selling 1947 novel of the same name.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Foucault's Pendulum is a film by Italian director Casaubon.
Wikipedia page: Foucault's Pendulum (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [il ˈpɛndolo di fuˈko]) is a novel by Italian writer and philosopher Umberto Eco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie Here Comes Mr. Jordan is about a man trying to become a comedian.
Wikipedia page: Here Comes Mr. Jordan (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Here Comes Mr. Jordan is a 1941 American fantasy romantic comedy film directed by Alexander Hall, in which a boxer, mistakenly taken to Heaven before his time, is given a second chance back on Earth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Braveheart got negative reviews.
Wikipedia page: Braveheart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release and reception | Critical response
text: Braveheart earned positive reviews; critics praised Gibson's direction and performance as Wallace, the performances of its cast, and its screenplay, production values, Horner's score, and the battle sequences.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1998 novel A Man in Full sold over a million copies by the end of 1998.
Wikipedia page: A Man in Full (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Reactions
text: According to Mailer's review, the book had sold over 750,000 copies by December 1998.The book was credited with allusions to, or the caricaturing of, some prominent members of contemporary Atlanta society.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Evangeline is an epic poem by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, written in English and published in 1847, was known as Longfellow's most famous work in his lifetime and was widely read.
Wikipedia page: Evangeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical response
text: Evangeline became Longfellow's most famous work in his lifetime and was widely read.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The House of Mirth was the author's 2nd publicated novel.
Wikipedia page: The House of Mirth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The House of Mirth was Wharton's second published novel, preceded by two novellas, The Touchstone (1900) and Sanctuary (1903), and The Valley of Decision (1902).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Newcastle United F.C. was formed after the combination of two clubs.
Wikipedia page: Newcastle United F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End and Newcastle West End.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joe Morgan won three World Series in the 1970s.
Wikipedia page: Joe Morgan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He won two World Series championships with the Reds in 1975 and 1976 and was also named the National League Most Valuable Player (MVP) in each of those years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Many Greek writers in the past drew inspiration from The Bacchae.
Wikipedia page: Bacchae (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bacchae (; Greek: Βάκχαι, Bakchai; also known as The Bacchantes ) is an ancient Greek tragedy, written by the Athenian playwright Euripides during his final years in Macedonia, at the court of Archelaus I of Macedon.
section_header: Influences
text: The Bacchae had an enormous impact on ancient literature, and its influence can be seen in numerous Greek and Roman authors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Since the start of her career she has composed some of her songs herself but has written all of her songs herself.
Wikipedia page: Ayumi Hamasaki (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Through her entire career, she has written all her lyrical content, and has sometimes composed her music.
section_header: Image and artistry | Musical style and influence
text: In addition to writing her own lyrics, Hamasaki has also involved herself in other aspects of production such as artistic direction.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American rock band, Van Halen, had two Halen brothers in the band during their beginning years.
Wikipedia page: Van Halen (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: From 1974 until 1985, Van Halen consisted of Eddie Van Halen; Eddie's brother, drummer Alex Van Halen; vocalist David Lee Roth; and bassist Michael Anthony.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Glengarry Glen Ross is a play about Chicago real estate agents and won multiple Tony awards.
Wikipedia page: Glengarry Glen Ross (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It  was nominated for four Tony awards including Best Play, Best Director, and two Best Featured Actor nominations for Robert Prosky and Joe Mantegna, who won the production's one Tony.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Dark Knight Rises is a movie about Batman in 2013.
Wikipedia page: The Dark Knight Rises (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Dark Knight Rises is a 2012 superhero film directed by Christopher Nolan, who co-wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan Nolan, and the story with David S. Goyer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Edd Roush was a major league outfielder.
Wikipedia page: Edd Roush (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: After collecting two hits the first game he became a starting outfielder.
section_header: Summary
text: Edd J. Roush (May 8, 1893 – March 21, 1988) was an American professional baseball center fielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bhagavadgita is considered by many to be 4600 years old.
Wikipedia page: Bhagavadgita (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Date
text: The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lady Gaga was the first woman to win an Oscar, Grammy, BAFTA, and Golden Globe Award in 2019 and also broke the tie with Taylor Swift with 5 number 1 albums in a decade.
Wikipedia page: Lady Gaga (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 2018–present: A Star Is Born, Enigma, and Chromatica
text: ; Swift tied with her again in 2019.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gang of Four was made up of 4 Vietnamese political asylees.
Wikipedia page: Gang of Four (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Gang of Four (simplified Chinese: 四人帮; traditional Chinese: 四人幫; pinyin: Sì rén bāng) was a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ingrid Bergman was a Swedish actress that died on the same day that she born 67 years ago and right after she received a 2nd Emmy.
Wikipedia page: Ingrid Bergman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Later years: 1957–1982 | A Woman Called Golda (1982)
text: After her death, her daughter Pia accepted her Emmy.
section_header: Later years: 1957–1982 | A Woman Called Golda (1982)
text: and she was honored posthumously with a second Emmy Award for Best Actress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Finland has always been industrialized.
Wikipedia page: Finland (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy | Industry
text: Finland rapidly industrialized after World War II, achieving GDP per capita levels comparable to that of Japan or the UK in the beginning of the 1970s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Donna Summer has an album named after children's wax coloring-sticks.
Wikipedia page: Donna Summer (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Music career | 2000–2009: Later recordings and Crayons
text: In 2008, Summer released her first studio album of fully original material in 17 years, entitled Crayons.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hunger Games is a series of young adult dystopian novels in which the novels have all been developed into films except one.
Wikipedia page: The Hunger Games (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novels have all been developed into films starring Jennifer Lawrence, with the film adaptation of Mockingjay split into two parts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Look Homeward, Angel is a song about a coming of age boy in South Carolina.
Wikipedia page: Look Homeward, Angel (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Look Homeward, Angel: A Story of the Buried Life is a 1929 novel by Thomas Wolfe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nielsen was a Danish flutist.
Wikipedia page: Carl Nielsen (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Carl August Nielsen (Danish: [ˈkʰɑˀl ˈne̝lsn̩]; 9 June 1865 – 3 October 1931) was a Danish composer, conductor and violinist, widely recognized as his country's most prominent composer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The average temperature was higher than 88 degrees Fahrenheit, as a monthly record in '19.
Wikipedia page: Australia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography and environment | Climate
text: January 2019 was the hottest month ever in Australia with average temperatures exceeding 30 °C (86 °F).The 2019–20 Australian bushfire season
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Morgan has won two pennants in the mid 1970s and then retired to become a broadcaster for ESPN.
Wikipedia page: Joe Morgan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He won two World Series championships with the Reds in 1975 and 1976 and was also named the National League Most Valuable Player (MVP) in each of those years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Winston Churchill was  Lord of the Navy twice.
Wikipedia page: Winston Churchill (History)
Evidence:
section_header: First Lord of the Admiralty: September 1939 to May 1940 | The Phoney War and the Norwegian Campaign
text: On 3 September 1939, the day Britain declared war on Germany following the outbreak of the Second World War, Chamberlain appointed Churchill as First Lord of the Admiralty, the same position he had held at the beginning of the First World War.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lateran Treaty ended World War II.
Wikipedia page: Lateran Treaty (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Lateran Treaty (Italian: Patti Lateranensi; Latin: Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under Benito Mussolini and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle the long-standing Roman Question.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gillick was a manager of 4 MLB groups during his career.
Wikipedia page: Pat Gillick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He previously served as the general manager of four MLB teams: the Toronto Blue Jays (1978–1994), Baltimore Orioles (1996–1998), Seattle Mariners (2000–2003), and Philadelphia Phillies (2006–2008).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Mughal Empire made up 33% of Muslim Empires that employed pyrotechnic weaponry.
Wikipedia page: Mughal Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Military | Gunpowder warfare
text: Mughal India was one of the three Islamic gunpowder empires, along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A Passage to India is a book that has gotten a lot of old and new criticism.
Wikipedia page: A Passage to India (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary criticism
text: While many earlier critiques found that Forster's book showed an inappropriate friendship between colonizers and the colonized, new critiques on the work draw attention to the sexism, racism and imperialism inherent in the text.
section_header: Literary criticism
text: The nature of critiques of A Passage to India is largely based upon the era of writing and the nature of the critical work.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has not been banned from any educational institutions.
Wikipedia page: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversy
text: In 2016, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was removed from a public school district in Virginia, along with the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, due to their use of racial slurs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The draft was written a couple of years before the production began.
Wikipedia page: The Favourite (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Writing
text: Deborah Davis wrote the first draft of The Favourite in 1998.
section_header: Summary
text: Principal photography lasted from March to May 2017, taking place at Hatfield House in Hertfordshire and at Hampton Court Palace.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1941 Atlantic Charter included Franklin D. Roosevelt, and UK Prime Winston Churchill and laid out their countries priorities after World War II.
Wikipedia page: Atlantic Charter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Ambassadors is a 1903 novel by Henry James with a third person narrative told exclusively from Strether's point of view.
Wikipedia page: The Ambassadors (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ambassadors is a 1903 novel by Henry James, originally published as a serial in the North American Review (NAR).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Later after his sudden death, Fidel was buried.
Wikipedia page: Fidel Castro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Final years | Death
text: Fidel Castro was cremated on 26 November 2016.
section_header: Final years | Death
text: The cause of death was not disclosed.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Will Harridge was killed by Barry Byrne at the age of 87 in Hyde Park, Illinois.
Wikipedia page: Will Harridge (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: In 1967, Harridge was driving through Wilmette when he struck and killed architect Barry Byrne of Evanston.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book actually was going to part of a trilogy but the author passed before he could finish it.
Wikipedia page: Dances with Wolves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: A third book titled The Great Mystery was planned, but Blake died in 2015.
section_header: Sequel
text: The Holy Road, a sequel novel by Michael Blake, the author of both the original Dances with Wolves novel and the movie screenplay, was published in 2001.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The creators of the band Gorillaz are rather outspokenly opposed to the orange-colored Chief Executive of the United States.
Wikipedia page: Gorillaz (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Hiatus and Humanz (2014–17)
text: In conceptualizing the album, Albarn and Khan envisioned Humanz as being the soundtrack for "a party for the end of the world", with Albarn specifically imagining a future in which Donald Trump won the 2016 U.S. presidential election as context for the album's narrative (Trump becoming President was still considered an unlikely event at the time of recording), explaining "Let's use that as a kind of dark fantasy for this record, let's imagine the night Donald Trump wins the election and how we're all going to feel that night.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Chronicles of Narnia, a series of novels by British author C. S. Lewis, has a clear order for the books.
Wikipedia page: Chronicles of Narnia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reading order
text: Both are set significantly earlier in the story of Narnia than their publication order and fall somewhat outside the main story arc connecting the others.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Threepenny Opera was performed in only one country.
Wikipedia page: The Threepenny Opera (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Premieres | France
text: A French version produced by Gaston Baty and written by Ninon Steinhof and André Mauprey was presented in October 1930 at the Théâtre Montparnasse in Paris.
section_header: Premieres | United Kingdom
text: In the United Kingdom, the first fully staged performance was given on 9 February 1956, under Berthold Goldschmidt, although there had been a concert performance in 1933, and a semi-staged performance on 28 July 1938.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George B. McClellan was a general in the Union Army and fought against General Lee.
Wikipedia page: George B. McClellan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army, which would become the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater; he served a brief period (November 1861 to March 1862) as general-in-chief of the Union Army.
section_header: Summary
text: Initially, McClellan was somewhat successful against General Joseph E. Johnston, but the emergence of General Robert E. Lee to command the Army of Northern Virginia turned the subsequent Seven Days Battles into a partial Union defeat.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ted Simmons played for the New York Yankees and Atlanta Braves.
Wikipedia page: Ted Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A switch-hitter, Simmons was a catcher for most of his Major League Baseball (MLB) career with the St. Louis Cardinals (1968–80), the Milwaukee Brewers (1981–85) and the Atlanta Braves (1986–88).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Archimedes was a peacetime champion and opposed using his engineering and ingenuity for weapons and wartime.
Wikipedia page: Archimedes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Discoveries and inventions | Claw of Archimedes
text: The Claw of Archimedes is a weapon that he is said to have designed in order to defend the city of Syracuse.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Bill McKechnie became a manager after Frank Chance thought he had potential and he played with the Pittsburgh PIrates, Boston Braves and the New York Yankees.
Wikipedia page: Bill McKechnie (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Managing career | Newark Peppers
text: However, Yankees manager Frank Chance thought McKechnie had a keen baseball mind, and had him sit next to him on the bench during games.
section_header: Managing career | Newark Peppers
text: Two years later, McKechnie got his first taste of managerial duties, when he served as player-manager of the Newark Peppers of the Federal League, leading the team to a 54–45 record.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first prime minister of Haiti was Jean-Pierre Boyer.
Wikipedia page: Haiti (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Independent Haiti | Haitian invasion of Santo Domingo (1821–1844)
text: Under pressure, President Boyer agreed to a treaty by which France formally recognized the independence of the nation in exchange for a payment of 150 million francs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Marcus Garvey's last name was Irish.
Wikipedia page: Marcus Garvey (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood: 1887–1904
text: His surname, which was of Irish origin, had been inherited from his family's former owners.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There Will Be Blood is adapted from a 1920's short story book.
Wikipedia page: There Will Be Blood (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There Will Be Blood is a 2007 American epic period drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, loosely based on the 1927 novel Oil!
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Spanish Civil War did only involve residents from Spain.
Wikipedia page: Spanish Civil War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Foreign involvement
text: The Spanish Civil War involved large numbers of non-Spanish citizens who participated in combat and advisory positions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sponges are sister groups to all other animals but do not have the systems like animals such as nervous, digestive, and immune.
Wikipedia page: Porifera (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems.
section_header: Summary
text: Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book was banned in Pakistan as hate speech directed toward a specific religious group.
Wikipedia page: The Satanic Verses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The book was banned in India as hate speech directed toward a  specific religious group.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The basic unit of Mass is the pound.
Wikipedia page: Mass (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Units of mass
text: the pound (lb) is a unit of both mass and force, used mainly in the United States (about 0.45 kg or 4.5 N).
section_header: Units of mass
text: The standard International System of Units (SI) unit of mass is the kilogram (kg).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov was a member of Russia's armed forces.
Wikipedia page: Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: This love, and prompting from Voin, encouraged the 12-year-old to join the Imperial Russian Navy.
section_header: Biography | Professorship, marriage, inspector of bands
text: He retained his position in active naval service, and taught his classes in uniform (military officers in Russia were required to wear their uniforms every day, as they were considered to be always on duty).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mass of an object is equal to the net Force on the object divided by the acceleration of the object.
Wikipedia page: Mass (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Phenomena
text: Although some theorists have speculated that some of these phenomena could be independent of each other, current experiments have found no difference in results regardless of how it is measured: Inertial mass measures an object's resistance to being accelerated by a force (represented by the relationship F = ma).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Feller had three nicknames that people referred to him as.
Wikipedia page: Bob Feller (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Robert William Andrew Feller (November 3, 1918 – December 15, 2010), nicknamed "The Heater from Van Meter" , "Bullet Bob", and "Rapid Robert", was an American baseball pitcher who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Babur first ruled a country at age 11.
Wikipedia page: Babur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Ruler of Central Asia | As ruler of Fergana
text: In 1494, eleven-year-old Babur became the ruler of Fergana, in present-day Uzbekistan, after Umar Sheikh Mirza died "while tending pigeons in an ill-constructed dovecote that toppled into the ravine below the palace".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Britney Spears topped the list of the most searched artists twelve times in twelve years.
Wikipedia page: Britney Spears (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Spears has topped the list of most searched celebrities seven times in 12 years, a record since the inception of the internet.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Color Purple was originally a novel before it was a movie that is set in Alabama about the life of African Americans.
Wikipedia page: The Color Purple (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Taking place mostly in rural Georgia, the story focuses on the life of African-American women in the Southern United States in the 1930s, addressing numerous issues including their exceedingly low position in American social culture.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Buck Ewing is from Kansas.
Wikipedia page: Buck Ewing (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Born in Hoagland, Ohio, in 1859, Ewing joined the National League in 1880 as a member of the Troy Trojans, but rose to stardom in 1883 as a member of the New York Gothams, later known as the Giants.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Natalie Portman was not a Star Wars fan before she starred in Star Wars: Episode I.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: Portman was unfamiliar with Star Wars before being cast, but was enthusiastic about being cast as a character she expected to become a role model.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frisch could be described as a switch hitter.
Wikipedia page: Frankie Frisch (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Frisch was a switch-hitting second baseman who threw right-handed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Friends is ranked as one of the top television shows of all time.
Wikipedia page: Friends (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Friends received acclaim throughout its run, becoming one of the most popular television shows of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Rick Ferrell is the brother to Will Ferrell the actor.
Wikipedia page: Rick Ferrell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major leagues
text: Two months later, Ferrell was selected along with his brother to play for the American League team in the inaugural Major League Baseball
section_header: Early life
text: Wes Ferrell reached the major leagues as a pitcher while another brother, George Ferrell, played as an outfielder in minor league baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Indira Gandhi is the second woman leader of Indian.
Wikipedia page: Indira Gandhi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She was the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of India.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American website Craigslist took out their personal section because of concerns of forced prostitution.
Wikipedia page: Craigslist (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Site characteristics | Personals
text: We can't take such risk without jeopardizing all our other services, so we are regretfully taking craigslist personals offline.
section_header: Site characteristics | Personals
text: Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA), which removes Section 230 safe harbours for interactive services knowingly involved in illegal sex trafficking.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dizzy Dean is the first National League pitcher to win 30 games in ine season.
Wikipedia page: Dizzy Dean (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: , Dean is the last National League (NL) pitcher to win 30 games in one season (1934).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 2001 film Moulin Rouge! stars Heath Ledger.
Wikipedia page: Moulin Rouge! (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Development
text: Luhrmann also considered younger actors for the role, including Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal before Ewan McGregor won the part.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Texas is the fourth largest state.
Wikipedia page: Texas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the second largest U.S. state by both area (after Alaska) and population (after California).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The U.S. state of Georgia is known for it's healthy residents.
Wikipedia page: Georgia (U.S. state) (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Infrastructure | Health care
text: The state is ranked forty-first in the percentage of residents who engage in regular exercise.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was costructed around the three hundred fifty BC.
Wikipedia page: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus (Ancient Greek: Μαυσωλεῖον τῆς Ἁλικαρνασσοῦ; Turkish: Halikarnas Mozolesi) was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC in Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, a native Anatolian from Caria and a satrap in the Achaemenid Empire, and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Great Library of Alexandria ended because of a fire.
Wikipedia page: Library of Alexandria (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Great Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt, was one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world.
section_header: Summary
text: Despite the widespread modern belief that the Library of Alexandria was burned once and cataclysmically destroyed, the Library actually declined gradually over the course of several centuries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: More than 15000 thousand artisans were hired for the building the structure.
Wikipedia page: Taj Mahal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The construction project employed some 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Eliot's The Mill on the Floss can be seen as the victory of self-determinism over pre-ordained circumstances.
Wikipedia page: The Mill on the Floss (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes
text: On the other hand, Maggie's ultimate choice not to marry Stephen, and to suffer both the privation of his love and the ignominy of their botched elopement demonstrates a final triumph of free will.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Last Picture Show, as its name implies, was the only film to be made of the book, or any of it's later parts, mostly because of accusations of obscenity regarding the showing of a prostitute being utilized by a group of boys for their mentally disabled friend, Billy, on screen.
Wikipedia page: The Last Picture Show (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: Texasville, the 1990 sequel to The Last Picture Show, based on McMurtry's 1987 novel of the same name, was also directed by Bogdanovich, from his own screenplay, without McMurtry this time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Star Wars has been elected the most successful movie merchandising saga.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The franchise holds a Guinness World Records title for the "Most successful film merchandising franchise.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cancer can not be spread between animals, or humans by viruses.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Role in human disease | Cancer
text: Viruses are an established cause of cancer in humans and other species.
section_header: Role in human disease | Cancer
text: Hepatitis viruses can develop into a chronic viral infection that leads to liver cancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rotiferas are the targets of many beasts.
Wikipedia page: Rotifera (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Predators
text: Rotifers fall prey to many animals, such as copepods, fish (e.g. herring, salmon), bryozoa, comb jellies, jellyfish, starfish, and tardigrade.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Apple has been acclaimed for its ethical values.
Wikipedia page: Apple Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: However, Apple receives significant criticism regarding the labor practices of its contractors, its environmental practices and unethical business practices, including anti-competitive behavior, as well as the origins of source materials.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1977 film Close Encounters of the Third Kind was re-released for it's 50th anniversary.
Wikipedia page: Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 American science fiction film written and directed by Steven Spielberg, and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Melinda Dillon, Teri Garr, Bob Balaban, Cary Guffey, and François Truffaut.
section_header: Summary
text: The film was later remastered in 4K and re-released in theatres on September 1, 2017 for its 40th anniversary.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Niels Gade was a musician.
Wikipedia page: Niels Gade (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: He began his career as a violinist with the Royal Danish Orchestra, which premiered his concert overture Efterklange af Ossian ("Echoes of Ossian") in 1841.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Cinderella story line was thought to have been based on the Roman Queen Liza.
Wikipedia page: Cinderella (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story of Rhodopis, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo sometime between around 7 BC and AD 23, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is usually considered to be the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Keanu Reeves went to high school in America.
Wikipedia page: Keanu Reeves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No actual people were killed in the production of the series.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Lawsuits | Stuntman death
text: Though rushed to a hospital, his injuries were too severe and he was taken off life support the next day.
section_header: Lawsuits | Stuntman death
text: Fear the Walking Dead. During filming of season 8 in July 2017, stuntman John Bernecker was performing a 21-foot drop but ended up missing padded cushions and instead fell onto the concrete floor, sustaining a serious head injury.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Portugal has legalized same sex marriage but has not legalized same-sex adoption.
Wikipedia page: Portugal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Government and politics | LGBTI rights
text: Same-sex adoption has been allowed since 1 March 2016 as is female same-sex couple access to medically assisted reproduction since 13 May 2016.
Verdict: REFUTES