tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Walter Alston played for the Brooklyn Nets.
Wikipedia page: Walter Alston (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers
text: Alston was named manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers for the 1954 season.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Boyer was known for portraying the romantic leading man.
Wikipedia page: Charles Boyer (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1960s
text: He had cameos in He had cameos in Is He had cameos in He had cameos in Is Paris Burning? He had cameos in He had cameos in Is He had cameos in He had cameos in Is Paris Burning? (1966) and Casino Royale (1967) and was top billed in The Day the Hot Line Got Hot (1968).His career had lasted longer than that of other romantic actors, winning him the nickname "the last of the cinema's great lovers." He recorded a laid-back album called Where Does Love Go in 1966.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Donizetti was a famous painter.
Wikipedia page: Gaetano Donizetti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti (, also UK: , US: , Italian: [doˈmeːniko ɡaeˈtaːno maˈriːa donidˈdzetti] (listen); 29 November 1797 – 8 April 1848) was an Italian composer, best known for his almost 70 operas.
section_header: Career as an opera composer | 1822–1830: Rome, Naples, Milan | Donizetti moves to Naples
text: By late March Donizetti had been offered a contract not only to compose new operas, but also to be responsible for preparing performances of new productions by other composers whose work had been given elsewhere.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Herbert Hoover was a member of the Democratic Party and ranked as 36th best president.
Wikipedia page: Herbert Hoover (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A member of the Republican Party, he held office during the onset of the Great Depression.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bartók has been described as one of the most influential Hungarian politicians of his time.
Wikipedia page: Béla Bartók (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century; he and Franz Liszt are regarded as Hungary's greatest composers (Gillies 2001).
section_header: Summary
text: Béla Viktor János Bartók (; Hungarian: Bartók Béla, pronounced [ˈbɒrtoːk ˈbeːlɒ]; 25 March 1881 – 26 September 1945) was a Hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Danchakoff's  mother and father desired her to go to school for artistic subjects.
Wikipedia page: Vera Danchakoff (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Danchakoff was born in St Petersburg where her parents wanted her to study music or drawing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The British East India Company sold opium to Chinese smugglers.
Wikipedia page: Opium Wars (History)
Evidence:
section_header: First Opium War
text: It sold this Indian opium to private traders who transported it to China and sold it to Chinese smugglers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joe Sewell did go to college.
Wikipedia page: Joe Sewell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: Joe Sewell was a member of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Yankee Doodle Dandy is a 1942 American biographical musical film about George M. Cohan, known as "The Man Who Owned Broadway", and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Wikipedia page: Yankee Doodle Dandy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Yankee Doodle Dandy is a 1942 American biographical musical film about George M. Cohan, known as "The Man Who Owned Broadway".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Some believe that he had to flee a town because of a law he broke.
Wikipedia page: William Shakespeare (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: Nicholas Rowe, Shakespeare's first biographer, recounted a Stratford legend that Shakespeare fled the town for London to escape prosecution for deer poaching in the estate of local squire Thomas Lucy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The inspiration for Yelp was after Russel Simmons drove to Washington through Alexandria, Virginia and couldn't find a good restaurant that didn't charge for parking.
Wikipedia page: Yelp (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Company history (2004–present) | Origins (2004–2009)
text: Stoppelman and Simmons conceived the initial idea for Yelp as an email-based referral network, after Stoppelman caught the flu and had a difficult time finding an online recommendation for a local doctor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book talks about the authors experiences in British East Africa and was first published in 1937, written by Karen Blixen or her anonym Isak Dinesen.
Wikipedia page: Out of Africa (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Out of Africa is a memoir by the Danish author Karen Blixen.
section_header: Summary
text: The book has sometimes been published under the author's pen name, Isak Dinesen.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was quite simple in its exterior decoration, with very few embellishments or carvings, reflecting the stoic aesthetic of its creators.
Wikipedia page: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Discovery and excavation
text: The beauty of the Mausoleum was not only in the structure itself, but in the decorations and statues that adorned the outside at different levels on the podium and the roof: statues of people, lions, horses, and other animals in varying scales.
section_header: History
text: This monument was ranked the seventh wonder of the world by the ancients, not because of its size or strength but because of the beauty of its design and how it was decorated with sculpture or ornaments.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The limited remaining information about Caligula indicates that he was not well received.
Wikipedia page: Caligula (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Historiography
text: There are few surviving sources on Caligula and none of them paints Caligula in a favourable light.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith outdid others in the Cardinals' '96 spring practice so well that he was given a majority of play time thereafter, earning his title of "The Wizard of Oz".
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996
text: When spring training concluded, Smith had amassed a .288 batting average and zero errors in the field, and Clayton batted .190 with eight errors.
section_header: Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996
text: Smith believed he had earned the position with his spring training performance, but La Russa disagreed, and awarded Clayton the majority of playing time in the platoon situation that developed, where Smith typically saw action every third game.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is the largest phylum of invertebrate animals.
Wikipedia page: Mollusca (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Justinian I attempted to bring back the domain of the empire.
Wikipedia page: Justinian I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized renovatio imperii, or "restoration of the Empire".
section_header: Reign | Military activities
text: As a Christian Roman emperor, Justinian considered it his divine duty to restore the Roman Empire to its ancient boundaries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Catcher in the Rye is an adult erotic book by J. D. Salinger.
Wikipedia page: The Catcher in the Rye (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was originally intended for adults, but is often read by adolescents for its themes of angst and alienation, and as a critique on superficiality in society.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sabrina's protagonist is a teenager studying witchcraft.
Wikipedia page: Sabrina (1954 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Sabrina Fairchild is the young daughter of the Larrabee family's chauffeur, Thomas, and has been in love with David Larrabee all her life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Scott Joplin's father was born free.
Wikipedia page: Scott Joplin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Joplin was the second of six children born to Giles Joplin, an ex-slave from North Carolina and Florence Givens a freeborn African-American woman from Kentucky..
section_header: Early life
text: As Joplin's father had played the violin for plantation parties in North Carolina and his mother sang and played the banjo, he was given a rudimentary musical education by his family and from the age of seven he was allowed to play the piano while his mother cleaned.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Because of the Dawes Plan, Germany is decades behind the rest of Europe in producing refined iron ore.
Wikipedia page: Dawes Plan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Results of the Dawes Plan
text: By reducing the supplies of coal to France, which was dependent on German coal, German industrialists managed to hobble France's steel industry, while getting their own rebuilt.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Faber was drafted into the MLB  in 1915.
Wikipedia page: Red Faber (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major leagues | Early career
text: Faber broke into the major leagues in 1914, starting 19 games and relieving in another 21; he posted a 2.68 ERA while winning 10 games and saving a league-leading four games (a statistic that was not invented until 1959, and only became an official baseball stat in 1969).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pope Gregory I was referred to as Saint Gregory the Great.
Wikipedia page: Pope Gregory I (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pope Gregory Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I; c. 540 – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mulroney was a lawyer during his career at one point.
Wikipedia page: Brian Mulroney (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Prior to his political career, he was a prominent lawyer and businessman in Montreal.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Schumann died from a freak accident in her home.
Wikipedia page: Clara Schumann (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Death
text: Schumann suffered a stroke on 26 March 1896, and died on 20 May at age 76.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Watership Down is an epic novel by author Richard Adams about rabbits escaping two girls' bad behavior by embarking on an Antarctic watership and beginning a new home with freedom.
Wikipedia page: Watership Down (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin and publication history
text: The two later became friends, embarking on an Antarctic tour that became the subject of a co-authored book, Voyage Through the Antarctic (A. Lane, 1982).Watership Down was rejected seven times before it was accepted by Rex Collings.
section_header: Origin and publication history
text: The story began as tales that Richard Adams told his young daughters Juliet and Rosamond during long car journeys.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nero had brothers from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Nero (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the only son of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Agrippina the Younger.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Falklands War left behind over one hundred fields full of live mines.
Wikipedia page: Falklands War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath | Minefields
text: As of 2011, there were 113 uncleared minefields on the Falkland Islands and unexploded ordnance (UXOs) covering an area of 13 km2 (5.0 sq mi).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Muhammad Ali had a kid with a sixteen year old.
Wikipedia page: Muhammad Ali (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Marriages and children
text: At age 32 in 1974, Ali began an illicit extramarital relationship with 16-year-old Wanda Bolton (who subsequently changed her name to Aaisha Ali) with whom he fathered another daughter, Khaliah (born 1974).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Marsha Mason was nominated for a 1977 movie.
Wikipedia page: Marsha Mason (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: In 1977, Mason's performance in Simon's smash hit film, The Goodbye Girl, won her a second Best Actress Academy Award nomination.
section_header: Summary
text: She was nominated four times for the Academy Award for Best Actress:  for her performances in Cinderella Liberty (1973), The Goodbye Girl (1977), Chapter Two (1979), and Only When I Laugh (1981).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miley Cyrus's favorite place to perform is London.
Wikipedia page: Miley Cyrus (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Sexuality and gender
text: Her song "My Heart Beats for Love" (2010) was written for one of Cyrus' gay friends, while she has since claimed London is her favorite place to perform due to its extensive gay scene.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dead Souls was designed to be a futuristic novel from the start.
Wikipedia page: Dead Souls (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: The first part of the novel was intended to represent a modern-day Inferno of the Divine Comedy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al Simmons was known for his hitting.
Wikipedia page: Al Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Overview
text: Simmons was one of the best hitters in MLB history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Two Noble Kinsmen is about kings avenging the assassination of their wives.
Wikipedia page: The Two Noble Kinsmen (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Three queens come to plead with Theseus and Hippolyta, rulers of Athens, to avenge the deaths of their husbands by the hand of the tyrant Creon of Thebes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: West's clothing line called Pastelle Clothing was cancelled in 2009.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Other ventures | Fashion
text: " The line was developed over the following four years – with multiple pieces teased by West himself – before the line was ultimately cancelled in 2009.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Taj Mahal was commissioned 17 years before construction was finished.
Wikipedia page: Taj Mahal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspiration
text: The Taj Mahal was commissioned by Shah Jahan in 1631, to be built in the memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died on 17 June that year, while giving birth to their 14th child, Gauhara Begum.
section_header: Inspiration
text: Construction started in 1632, and the mausoleum was completed in 1648, while the surrounding buildings and garden were finished five years later.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: How Green Was My Valley is based in rural France.
Wikipedia page: How Green Was My Valley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novel is set in South Wales during the reign of Queen Victoria.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Elmer Flick was a professional baseball player who was still receiving recognition from the public well into his 90s.
Wikipedia page: Elmer Flick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: In his later years, Flick still answered requests for autographs from his fans.
section_header: Summary
text: Elmer Harrison Flick (January 11, 1876 – January 9, 1971) was an American professional baseball outfielder who played in Major League Baseball from 1898 to 1910 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia Athletics, and Cleveland Bronchos/Naps.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alice in Wonderland has a prequel and named Alice.
Wikipedia page: Alice in Wonderland (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Carroll published a sequel in 1871, entitled Through the Looking-Glass, and a shortened version for young children, The Nursery "Alice", in 1890.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Darrow had some high profile clientele that he had worked for during his career as a lawyer.
Wikipedia page: Clarence Darrow (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He defended high-profile clients in many famous trials of the early 20th century, including teenage thrill killers Leopold and Loeb for murdering 14-year-old Robert "Bobby" Franks (1924); teacher John T. Scopes in the Scopes "Monkey" Trial (1925), in which he opposed statesman and orator William Jennings Bryan; and Ossian Sweet in a racially-charged self-defense case (1926).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first Broadway production of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof opened at Marquis Theatre.
Wikipedia page: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Stage productions | Original production
text: The original Broadway production, which opened at the Morosco Theater on March 24, 1955, was directed by Elia Kazan and starred Barbara Bel Geddes as Maggie, Ben Gazzara as Brick, Burl Ives as Big Daddy, Mildred Dunnock as Big Mama, Pat Hingle as Gooper, and Madeleine Sherwood as Mae.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Simón Bolívar's sister was the executor of his will.
Wikipedia page: Simón Bolívar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Relatives
text: María Antonia became Bolívar's agent to deal with his properties while he served as president of Gran Colombia and she was an executrix of his will.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith earned his nick name for his love of the Wizard of Oz, which he advocated be included in public school reading programs.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed "The Wizard" for his defensive brilliance, Smith set major league records for career assists (8,375) and double plays (1,590) by a shortstop (the latter since broken by Omar Vizquel), as well as the National League (NL) record with 2,511 career games at the position; Smith won the NL Gold Glove Award for play at shortstop for 13 consecutive seasons (1980–1992).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Black Panther Party was created by high school students.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Black Panther Party (BPP), originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a revolutionary socialist political organization founded by Marxist college students Bobby Seale (Chairman) and Huey Newton (Minister of Defense) in October 1966 in Oakland, California.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Bannockburn was over quickly, as were most military engagements of the time, being how difficult it is to take cover from hoards of soldiers with melee weapons.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Bannockburn (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Battle | First day of battle
text: Most medieval battles were short-lived, lasting only a few hours, so the Battle of Bannockburn is unusual in that it lasted two days.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bill Veeck has owned three different professional baseball teams.
Wikipedia page: Bill Veeck (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Veeck was at various times the owner of the Cleveland Indians, St. Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Prizzi's Honor is a crime film that ends with the two killers falling for each other.
Wikipedia page: Prizzi's Honor (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Prizzi's Honor is a 1985 American black comedy crime film directed by John Huston from a screenplay written by Richard Condon and Janet Roach based on Condon's 1982 novel of the same name.
section_header: Summary
text: However, while trying to find the best way to complete their missions, they end up falling in love.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The section of the novel about a character's dad being downed in an airplane was adapted on the author's real life experiences.
Wikipedia page: The Cider House Rules (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: The story about Wally being shot down over Burma was based in part on that of Irving's biological father (whom he never met), who had been shot down over Burma and survived.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pakistan became the Indian Muslim home in 1967.
Wikipedia page: Pakistan (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pakistan gained independence in 1947 as a homeland for Indian Muslims following the Pakistan Movement, which sought statehood for the Muslim-majority regions of British India through partition.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joan of Arc is known because of her visions.
Wikipedia page: Joan of Arc (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Visions
text: Joan of Arc's religious visions have remained an ongoing topic of interest.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Time Machine's adaption has been limited to theater.
Wikipedia page: The Time Machine (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film adaptations | 1949 BBC teleplay
text: The first visual adaptation of the book was a live teleplay broadcast from Alexandra Palace on 25 January 1949 by the BBC, which starred Russell Napier as the Time Traveller and Mary Donn as Weena.
section_header: Adaptations | Comics
text: Classics Illustrated was the first to adapt The Time Machine into a comic book format, issuing an American edition in July 1956.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote his poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner with simple words on purpose, so that everyone would be able to understand it.
Wikipedia page: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Early criticisms
text: Upon its release, the poem was criticized for being obscure and difficult to read.
section_header: Early criticisms
text: The use of archaic spelling of words was seen as not in keeping with Wordsworth's claims of using common language.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Rose Tattoo is a play about a woman who's husband has passed away and wants to her female child to give up on society like she has.
Wikipedia page: The Rose Tattoo (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rose Tattoo tells the story of an Italian-American widow in Mississippi who has withdrawn from the world after her husband's death and expects her daughter to do the same.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The stories found in A Separate Peace were influenced WWII.
Wikipedia page: A Separate Peace (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set against the backdrop of World War II, A Separate Peace explores morality, patriotism, and loss of innocence through its narrator, Gene.
section_header: Summary
text: A Separate Peace is a coming-of-age novel by John Knowles, published in 1959.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: All flowering plants rely on a process called "Apomixis" for reproduction.
Wikipedia page: Flowering plant (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reproduction | Apomixis
text: Apomixis (reproduction via asexually formed seeds) is found naturally in about 2.2% of angiosperm genera.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Moonstruck is about a couple who visit Hollywood.
Wikipedia page: Moonstruck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is about a widowed, 37-year-old, Italian-American woman who falls in love with her fiancé's estranged, hot-tempered younger brother.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The term supernova was first used by Walt Kepler.
Wikipedia page: Supernova (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The word supernova was coined by Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky in 1929.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frank Chance played for the Red Sox until Frank Chance retired.
Wikipedia page: Frank Chance (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional baseball career | New York Yankees
text: The New York Yankees negotiated for Chance's release from the Cubs after the 1912 season.
section_header: Professional baseball career | New York Yankees
text: After struggling during the 1914 season, Chance criticized the talent brought to him by Yankees scout Arthur Irwin.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ivanhoe was published in 3 volumes.
Wikipedia page: Ivanhoe (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ivanhoe: A Romance () is a historical novel by Walter Scott, first published in late 1819 in three volumes, one of the Waverley novels.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey was overseen by James Nesbitt.
Wikipedia page: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey is a 2012 epic high fantasy adventure film directed by Peter Jackson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Greek tragedy Prometheus Bound is about a Titan who gives fire to humanity in order to save them and is punished for it brutally.
Wikipedia page: Prometheus Bound (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: According to the author, Prometheus is being punished not only for stealing fire, but also for thwarting Zeus's plan to obliterate the human race.
section_header: Synopsis
text: This punishment is especially galling since Prometheus was instrumental in Zeus's victory in the Titanomachy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tripadvisor reduced a quarter of its staff in April because of the pandemic.
Wikipedia page: TripAdvisor (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Layoffs and reductions
text: On April 28, 2020, TripAdvisor notified employees the company be eliminating 600 jobs in Canada and the United States and 300 more in other countries as part of a 25 percent reduction in their workforce around the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hubbell was named "Silver Fox".
Wikipedia page: Carl Hubbell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Carl Owen Hubbell (June 22, 1903 – November 21, 1988), nicknamed "The Meal Ticket" and "King Carl", was an American Major League Baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Glass Menagerie made Tennessee Williams known and was his 1st thriving play.
Wikipedia page: The Glass Menagerie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Glass Menagerie was Williams' first successful play; he went on to become one of America's most highly regarded playwrights.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actress Barbra Streisand won a Golden Globe for best director and is one of two women to have won the award.
Wikipedia page: Barbra Streisand (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Best Motion Picture Musical. Streisand also received the Golden Globe Award for Best Director, becoming the first (and to date only) woman to win that award.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Barbara McClintock stopped publishing her data in 1953 due to skepticism of her research.
Wikipedia page: Barbara McClintock (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Due to skepticism of her research and its implications, she stopped publishing her data in 1953.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Prince and the Pauper was printed in the US one year after being published in the Great White North.
Wikipedia page: The Prince and the Pauper (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was first published in 1881 in Canada, before its 1882 publication in the United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Time Machine has only been made into movies.
Wikipedia page: The Time Machine (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Comics
text: Classics Illustrated was the first to adapt The Time Machine into a comic book format, issuing an American edition in July 1956.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bostonians magazine was first published in 1885.
Wikipedia page: The Bostonians (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bostonians is a novel by Henry James, first published as a serial in The Century Magazine in 1885–1886 and then as a book in 1886.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bill Terry sold cars after he retired from baseball.
Wikipedia page: Bill Terry (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Ownership career
text: After retiring from playing and managing, Terry settled in Jacksonville, Florida, where he owned a successful Buick automobile dealership and purchased the Jacksonville Braves double-A team in 1958.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After Far From Home there are 2 more films planned.
Wikipedia page: Spider-Man: Far From Home (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: In 2017, Holland said that two more films were planned after Spider-Man: Homecoming, with the third film taking place during Parker's senior year of high school.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richie Ashburn was called "Whitey" because of some unfortunate incidents of racism.
Wikipedia page: Richie Ashburn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Don Richard Ashburn (March 19, 1927 – September 9, 1997), also known by the nicknames, "Putt-Putt", "The Tilden Flash", and "Whitey" (due to his light-blond hair), was an American center fielder in Major League Baseball. (Some sources give his full middle name as "Richie".) He was born in Tilden, Nebraska.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The series is set in Los Angeles, California.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The series, which ran from 2005 to 2014, follows the main character, Ted Mosby, and his group of friends in New York City's Manhattan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Odyssey is a Greek epic poem that is so long that it is separated into twenty four books.
Wikipedia page: Odyssey (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure | Books
text: All ancient and nearly all modern editions and translations of the Odyssey are divided into 24 books.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hoyt Wilhelm played with just one team throughout his career.
Wikipedia page: Hoyt Wilhelm (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James Hoyt Wilhelm (July 26, 1922 – August 23, 2002), nicknamed "Old Sarge", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher with the New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, California Angels, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1952 and 1972.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Spain national football team has won three continental titles and at least once internationally and were not a founding member to FIFA.
Wikipedia page: Spain national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Spain has been a member of FIFA since FIFA's foundation in 1904, even though the Spanish Football Federation was first established in 1909.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roger Williams was the founder of a church in the New England area in the 1600s and a supporter of many new ideas like freedom for slaves.
Wikipedia page: Roger Williams (theologian) (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1638, he founded the First Baptist Church in America, also known as the First Baptist Church of Providence.
section_header: Summary
text: He was a staunch advocate for religious freedom, separation of church and state, and fair dealings with Native Americans, and he was one of the first abolitionists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Credit Mobilier and Union Pacific railroad were owned by the same people.
Wikipedia page: Credit Mobilier of America scandal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background | The scheme | Methodology
text: The underlying fraud of a common and unified ownership of the two companies, as regards their principal officers and directors, was not revealed for years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Black Panther Party started in Oakland and deactivated in 1982.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Black Panther Party (BPP), originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a revolutionary socialist political organization founded by Marxist college students Bobby Seale (Chairman) and Huey Newton (Minister of Defense) in October 1966 in Oakland, California.
section_header: Summary
text: The party was active in the United States from 1966 until 1982, with chapters in numerous major cities, and international chapters in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s, and in Algeria from 1969 to 1972.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Walter Raleigh was the fifth son in his family and he had seven children.
Wikipedia page: Walter Raleigh (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the youngest of the five sons of Walter Raleigh (1510–1581) (or Rawleigh) of Fardel Manor (in the parish of Cornwood), in South Devon.
section_header: Raleigh's descendants
text: He had a family of four sons and three daughters.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Part of Henry Ford's strategy in doubling the pay for his workers was to make it so that his workers could buy the cars they made.
Wikipedia page: Henry Ford (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Ford Motor Company | Labor philosophy | The five-dollar wage
text: Ford's policy proved that paying employees more would enable them to afford the cars they were producing and thus boost the local economy.
section_header: Career | Ford Motor Company | Labor philosophy | The five-dollar wage
text: Ford announced his $5-per-day program on January 5, 1914, raising the minimum daily pay from $2.34 to $5 for qualifying male workers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roush played for 5 major league baseball teams through his almost twenty year career.
Wikipedia page: Edd Roush (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Edd J. Roush (May 8, 1893 – March 21, 1988) was an American professional baseball center fielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Seagull is the 1st play of Chekhov's 4.
Wikipedia page: The Seagull (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Seagull is generally considered to be the first of his four major plays.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2019 he was ranked as the 21st richest person in the world by Forbes.
Wikipedia page: Phil Knight (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As of October 2019, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 21st richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$37.6 billion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Noble gas has very low chemical reactivity and is odorless.
Wikipedia page: Noble gas (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The noble gases (historically also the inert gases; sometimes referred to as aerogens) make up a  class of chemical elements with similar properties; under standard conditions, they are all odourless, colourless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Incredibles 2 had to have warnings posted due to the flashing lights in it.
Wikipedia page: Incredibles 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Health hazards/epilepsy issues
text: , Incredibles 2 certainly proves worth the wait, even if it hits the target but not the bull's-eye in quite the way the first one did." Many disability advocates, including the Epilepsy Foundation, have raised concerns that movie scenes with flashing lights, including that in Incredibles 2 of Elastigirl's fight with the Screenslaver, can trigger seizures in viewers affected by photosensitive epilepsy.
section_header: Reception | Health hazards/epilepsy issues
text: As a result, several theaters posted warnings for audiences.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: U.S Senator, Albert Fall, was an orphan until 1907 when he was adopted by a couple from Clarksville, Texas.
Wikipedia page: Albert B. Fall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and family
text: Fall was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, to William R. and Edmonia Taylor Fall.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mathews only played with 1 team during his career.
Wikipedia page: Eddie Mathews (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played 17 seasons for the Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves (1952–1966); Houston Astros (1967) and Detroit Tigers (1967–68).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Babe Ruth was not inducted into the Hall of Fame until after his death.
Wikipedia page: Babe Ruth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Herman "Babe" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film The More the Merrier was called something else before it it was released.
Wikipedia page: The More the Merrier (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: With the original working title, Merry-Go-Round, principal photography took place for the film, from September 11 to December 19, 1942, with additional "inserts" filmed in late January 1943.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alexander Kerensky was the first child from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Kerensky (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and activism
text: Alexander Kerensky was born in Simbirsk (now Ulyanovsk) on the Volga River on 4 May 1881 and was the eldest son in the family.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Fleetwood Mac band started in Manchester.
Wikipedia page: Fleetwood Mac (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Fleetwood Mac are a British-American rock band, formed in London in 1967.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kirby Puckett played for three teams throughout his career.
Wikipedia page: Kirby Puckett (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played his entire 12-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career as a center fielder for the Minnesota Twins (1984–1995).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Rape of the Lock  went through a lot of translations.
Wikipedia page: The Rape of the Lock (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The poem was much translated and contributed to the growing popularity of mock-heroic in Europe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miguel Hidalgo Costilla's birth-date is marked as one of the civil day off in Mexico.
Wikipedia page: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ignacio Hidalgo-Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor (8 May 1753  – 30 July 1811), more commonly known as Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or Miguel Hidalgo (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel iˈðalɣo]), was a Spanish Roman Catholic priest, a leader of the Mexican War of Independence, and recognized as the Father of the Nation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozone gas can't be moved like other gases, so instead people generate it on-site.
Wikipedia page: Ozone (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Special considerations
text: Ozone cannot be stored and transported like other industrial gases (because it quickly decays into diatomic oxygen) and must therefore be produced on site.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Henry James wrote the original draft of The Golden Bowl on parchment with pen rather than a typewriter.
Wikipedia page: The Golden Bowl (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary significance and criticism
text: Gore Vidal attributed this verbosity in part to James's habit at the time of dictating his novels to stenographers rather than typing the manuscript himself.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Drake's first single which received a nomination at the Grammy Awards was released in 2010.
Wikipedia page: Drake (musician) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2010–2012: Musical breakthrough with Thank Me Later and Take Care
text: On March 9, 2010, Drake released the debut single "Over", which peaked at number fourteen on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as topping the Rap Songs chart.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Platyhelminthes, also known as flat worms,  have simple circulatory systems.
Wikipedia page: Platyhelminthes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Unlike other bilaterians, they are acoelomates (having no body cavity), and have no specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, which restricts them to having flattened shapes that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by diffusion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie Frida was a flop with audiences.
Wikipedia page: Frida (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: The following week the film expanded to forty-seven theaters, earning $1,323,935.
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: Frida grossed $25.9 million in the United States and Canada and $30.4 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $56.3 million, against a production budget of $12 million.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kreisler is buried in NYC.
Wikipedia page: Fritz Kreisler (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: He was interred in a private mausoleum in Woodlawn Cemetery, The Bronx, New York City.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: NIrvana and moksa are frequently used interchangeably in the Jain texts.
Wikipedia page: Nirvana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Jainism
text: The terms moksa and nirvana are often used interchangeably in the Jain texts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hurston went to Hampton University, a HBCU in Virginia.
Wikipedia page: Zora Neale Hurston (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | College and slightly after
text: In 1918, Hurston began her studies at Howard University, a historically black college in Washington, DC.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: How Green How Green Was My Valley is set in Ireland.
Wikipedia page: How Green Was My Valley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: How Green How Green Was My Valley is a 1939 novel by Richard Llewellyn, narrated by Huw Morgan, the main character, about his Welsh family and the mining community in which they live.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novel is set in South Wales during the reign of Queen Victoria.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles de Gaulle was a native of Paris, France.
Wikipedia page: Charles de Gaulle (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood and origins
text: De Gaulle was born in the industrial region of Lille in the Nord department, the third of five children.
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Megan Fox made her acting debut at 15 years old.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2001–2009: Early career and Transformers
text: At 15, Fox made her acting debut in the 2001 film Holiday in the Sun, as spoiled heiress Brianna Wallace and rival of Alex Stewart (Ashley Olsen), which was released direct-to-DVD on November 20, 2001.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It was adapted to a musical form.
Wikipedia page: Tess of the d'Urbervilles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Opera
text: 1906: An Italian operatic version written by Frederic d'Erlanger was first performed in Naples, but the run was cut short by an eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lower Depths is perhaps the best known of Maxim Gorky's plays that was never made into films.
Wikipedia page: The Lower Depths (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Film versions
text: 1947 : The Chinese film, Night Inn (夜店) by director Huang Zuolin, is based on Ke Ling's Chinese theatrical adaptation of The Lower Depths.
section_header: Film versions
text: 1936 : French film director Jean Renoir made a 1936 film of the same name as the play.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The sort of music that The Beatles' played at first was referred to as "Skiffle".
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Musical style and development | Genres
text: Originating as a skiffle group, the Beatles quickly embraced 1950s rock and roll and helped pioneer the Merseybeat genre, and their repertoire ultimately expanded to include a broad variety of pop music.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Spears has cited Celine Dion as being one of her major influences in her career.
Wikipedia page: Britney Spears (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Artistry | Influences
text: Spears has cited Madonna, Janet Jackson, and Whitney Houston as being major influences in her career, her "three favorite artists" as a child, whom she would "sing along to [...] day and night in [her] living room";
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, made a monument to his favorite wife and their relationship has spawned lots of art and movies.
Wikipedia page: Shah Jahan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His relationship with Mumtaz Mahal has been heavily adapted into Indian art, literature, and cinema.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: South Africa  produces a lot of wine.
Wikipedia page: South Africa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Cuisine
text: South Africa has also developed into a major wine producer, with some of the best vineyards lying in valleys around Stellenbosch, Franschhoek, Paarl and Barrydale.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Her mother and father divorced when Dian Fossey was old.
Wikipedia page: Dian Fossey (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her parents divorced when she was six.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gunpowder Plot took place on the 6th of September.
Wikipedia page: Gunpowder Plot (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The plan was to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of Parliament on 5 November 1605, as the prelude to a popular revolt in the Midlands during which James's nine-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, was to be installed as the Catholic head of state.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Neuschwanstein Castle is a 19th-century Romanesque Revival palace visited as many as 6,000 per day in the summer on a rugged hill above the village of Hohenschwangau near Füssen in southwest Bavaria, Germany
Wikipedia page: Neuschwanstein Castle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: More than 1.3 million people visit annually, with as many as 6,000 per day in the summer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Groupon is not a coupon website for groups.
Wikipedia page: Groupon (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Groupon is an American global e-commerce marketplace connecting subscribers with local merchants by offering activities, travel, goods and services in 15 countries.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Young Goodman Brown" is a short story published in 1835, and was later adapted for the CBC radio program Nightfall.
Wikipedia page: Young Goodman Brown (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Young Goodman Brown" is a short story published in 1835 by American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hadrian's Wall was also called Vallum Hydrant.
Wikipedia page: Hadrian's Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hadrian's Wall (Latin: Vallum Aelium), also known as the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or Vallum Hadriani in Latin, is a former defensive fortification of the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the emperor Hadrian.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Satchel Paige didn't learn his true age until he was in his 50s.
Wikipedia page: Satchel Paige (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Date of birth
text: In 1959, Paige's mother told a reporter that he was 55 rather than 53, saying she knew this because she wrote it down in her Bible.
section_header: Date of birth
text: Paige wrote in his autobiography, "Seems like Mom's Bible would know, but she ain't ever shown me the Bible.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Freddie Mercury's theatrical stage performance and voice has lead him to be  known as one of the greatest vocal singers of all time.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Mercury (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Regarded as one of the greatest lead singers in the history of rock music, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel was written by Faulkner.
Wikipedia page: A Farewell to Arms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Farewell to Arms is a novel by Ernest Hemingway set during the Italian campaign of World War I. First published in 1929, it is a first-person account of an American, Frederic Henry, serving as a lieutenant ("tenente") in the ambulance corps of the Italian Army.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Age of Extinction placed 8th in grossing movies of its release year in North America.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Age of Extinction (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office | North America
text: Transformers: Age of Extinction is the fifth-highest-grossing film of 2014 in the U.S. and Canada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maggie Smith's mother was from Scotland.
Wikipedia page: Maggie Smith (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her mother, Margaret Hutton (née Little; 1896–1977), was a Scottish secretary from Glasgow, and father, Nathaniel Smith (1902–1991), was a public health pathologist from Newcastle upon Tyne who worked at the University of Oxford.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Benjamin Disraeli was an Israeli politician whose father was a critic and historian.
Wikipedia page: Benjamin Disraeli (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield,  (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a British politician of the Conservative Party who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ty Cobb's father was a goverment employee.
Wikipedia page: Ty Cobb (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Cobb's father was a state senator.
Verdict: SUPPORTS