tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Christopher Columbus was an explorer and sailed west to find India.
Wikipedia page: Christopher Columbus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Christopher Columbus (; Ligurian: Cristoffa Corombo; Italian: Cristoforo Colombo; Spanish: Cristóbal Colón; before 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for European exploration and colonization of the Americas.
section_header: Quest for Asia | Background
text: In the 1480s, the Columbus brothers proposed a plan to reach the Indies by sailing west across the "Ocean Sea" (the Atlantic).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Guns N' Roses has members like Izzy, Slash, Duff and Axl.
Wikipedia page: Guns N' Roses (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: When they signed to Geffen Records in 1986, the band comprised vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Name of the Rose is the 2nd novel of its writer.
Wikipedia page: The Name of the Rose (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Margaret Chan is a chicken murderer.
Wikipedia page: Margaret Chan (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003
text: She became "a symbol of ignorance and arrogance epitomizing the mentality of 'business as usual' embedded in the ideological and institutional practices within the bureaucracy, especially after the hand-over." In the end, she was credited for helping bring the epidemic under control by the slaughter of 1.5 million chickens in the region in the face of stiff political opposition.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Don Drysdale was referred to as "Happy D" by fans.
Wikipedia page: Don Drysdale (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career
text: Nicknamed "Big D" by fans, Drysdale used brushback pitches and a sidearm fastball to intimidate batters, similar to his fierce fellow Hall of Famer Bob Gibson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Palace of Versailles is located just northwest of the French capital.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Versailles (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is located in the department of Yvelines, in the region of Île-de-France, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the centre of Paris.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Waner was known for his tall stature.
Wikipedia page: Lloyd Waner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His small stature at 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) and 132 lb (68 kg) made him one of the smallest players of his era.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Benjamin Franklin was English by birth.
Wikipedia page: Benjamin Franklin (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Ancestry
text: Josiah Franklin was born at Ecton, Northamptonshire, England on December 23, 1657, the son of blacksmith and farmer Thomas Franklin and Jane White.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Uranium emits very weak radiation.
Wikipedia page: Uranium (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Uranium is weakly radioactive because all isotopes of uranium are unstable; the half-lives of its naturally occurring isotopes range between 159,200 years and 4.5 billion years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pericles had two daughters.
Wikipedia page: Pericles (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Pericles, following Athenian custom, was first married to one of his closest relatives, with whom he had two sons, Paralus and Xanthippus, but around 445 BC, Pericles divorced his wife.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zora Neale Hurston died at 69 years old.
Wikipedia page: Zora Neale Hurston (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death
text: A GENIUS OF THE SOUTH / NOVELIST FOLKLORIST / ANTHROPOLOGIST / 1901–1960.
section_header: Biography | Death
text: Hurston was born in 1891, not 1901.After Hurston died, her papers were ordered to be burned.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film is about several kids seeing who can cry the longest.
Wikipedia page: The Crying Game (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film explores themes of race, gender, nationality, and sexuality against the backdrop of the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
section_header: Summary
text: The film follows Fergus (Rea), a member of the IRA, who has a brief but meaningful encounter with a British soldier, Jody (Whitaker), who is being held prisoner by the group.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Amos Rusie was of average height by the day's standards.
Wikipedia page: Amos Rusie (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: New York Giants | 1890–1892
text: Rusie quickly became a sensation among fans, media, and society owing to the combination of his pitching velocity and physical size at 6-foot-1-inch (1.85 m), 200-pound (91 kg), which was considered large for the era.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Farewell to Arms tells the story about a British person serving in a non British military.
Wikipedia page: A Farewell to Arms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Farewell to Arms is a novel by Ernest Hemingway set during the Italian campaign of World War I. First published in 1929, it is a first-person account of an American, Frederic Henry, serving as a lieutenant ("tenente") in the ambulance corps of the Italian Army.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Elizabeth spent almost 12 months in prison because Mary had suspicions.
Wikipedia page: Elizabeth I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During Mary's reign, Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There is a less well known followup book  to The Handmaid's Tale released in the late 2010's.
Wikipedia page: The Handmaid's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: In November 2018, Atwood announced the sequel, titled The Testaments, which was published in September 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: William Ewart Gladstone had only 4 digits on one of his hands.
Wikipedia page: William Ewart Gladstone (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Minister under Peel (1841–1846)
text: In September 1842 he lost the forefinger of his left hand in an accident while reloading a gun.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Washington, D.C. has it's own music classification.
Wikipedia page: Washington, D.C. (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Arts
text: Washington has its own native music genre called go-go; a post-funk, percussion-driven flavor of rhythm and blues that was popularized in the late 1970s by D.C. band leader Chuck Brown.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Polk got his start in politics as a legislator for Tennessee.
Wikipedia page: James K. Polk (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early political career | Tennessee state legislator
text: By the time the legislature adjourned its session in September 1822, Polk was determined to be a candidate for the Tennessee House of Representatives.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The city of Tokyo was called Edo previously and the capital of Japan.
Wikipedia page: Tokyo (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: Tokyo was originally known as Edo (江戸), a kanji compound of 江 (e, "cove, inlet") and 戸 (to, "entrance, gate, door").
section_header: Summary
text: Tokyo Tokyo (; Japanese: 東京, Tōkyō [toːkʲoː] (listen)), officially Tokyo Metropolis (東京都, Tōkyō-to), is the capital and most populous prefecture of Japan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Santop was a Texan.
Wikipedia page: Louis Santop (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Santop was born in Tyler, Texas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1863 battle during the American Civil War near Chancellorsville resulted in the death Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson who was hit by friendly fire and died the same day.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Chancellorsville (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He died of pneumonia eight days later, a loss that Lee likened to losing his right arm.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cepeda became interested in baseball due to his Father.
Wikipedia page: Orlando Cepeda (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His father, Pedro "Perucho" Cepeda, was also a baseball player in Puerto Rico, which influenced Cepeda's interest in the sport from a young age.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The island is no longer a prison and has not been in use since 2010
Wikipedia page: Rikers Island prison (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In October 2019, the New York City Council voted to close down the facility by 2026.
section_header: Summary
text: In February 2018, a state oversight commission suggested that New York state might move to close the facility before that deadline.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Although born in Lebanon, Keanu spent most of his childhood in Sydney, Australia.
Wikipedia page: Keanu Reeves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Reeves last met his father on the island of Kauai when he was 13.After his parents divorced in 1966, his mother moved the family to Sydney, Australia, and then to New York City, where she married Paul Aaron, a Broadway and Hollywood director, in 1970.
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The American singer-songwriter and actor Neil Diamond dropped out of college to write professionally in his sophomore year.
Wikipedia page: Neil Diamond (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: In his senior year, when he was just 10 units short of graduation, Sunbeam Music Publishing offered him a 16-week job writing songs for $50 a week (equivalent to about US$423 per week, in 2019 dollars), and he dropped out of college to accept it.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jimmie Fox was not an excellent student but did do well in sports and played for multiple major league teams.
Wikipedia page: Jimmie Foxx (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The Beast", was an American professional baseball first baseman who played 20 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Athletics, Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Songs of Experience is a section of the 2nd round of poems published by the author.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Experience (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Songs of Experience
text: The poems are each listed below: Songs of Experience is a poetry collection of 26 poems forming the second part of William Blake's Songs of Innocence and of Experience.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Code Geass character designs were by Clamp.
Wikipedia page: Code Geass (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi, with original character designs by Clamp.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Al Spalding was given credit as one of the first baseball players to wear a glove and also as the person who invented the game of baseball.
Wikipedia page: Al Spalding (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He later called for the commission that investigated the origins of baseball and credited Abner Doubleday with creating the game.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sting movie was loved by critics.
Wikipedia page: The Sting (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Old St. Peter's Basilica was built before the 501 AD.
Wikipedia page: St. Peter's Basilica (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Old St. Peter's Basilica dates from the 4th century AD.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Austerlitz took place about ten kilometres (six miles) southeast of the town of Brno, between that town and Austerlitz (Czech: Slavkov u Brna) in what is now the Czech Republic, and began about 8 a.m.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Austerlitz (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Battle | Battle begins
text: The battle began at about 8 a.m. with the first allied lines attacking the village of Telnitz, which was defended by the 3rd Line Regiment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Ray Schalk was a miner before he played baseball professionally.
Wikipedia page: Ray Schalk (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: When career advancement proved difficult in that trade, he began to play professional baseball.
section_header: Early life
text: Born in Harvel, Illinois to German immigrant parents,  Schalk grew up in Litchfield, Illinois.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Prior to acting, Sissy Spacek embarked on a singing career.
Wikipedia page: Sissy Spacek (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born and raised in Texas, Spacek initially aspired to a career as a singer.
section_header: Summary
text: Mary Elizabeth "Sissy" Spacek (; born December 25, 1949) is an American actress and singer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Supernovas happen several times each decade in our galaxy.
Wikipedia page: Supernova (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Discovery
text: Because supernovae are relatively rare events within a galaxy, occurring about three times a century in the Milky Way, obtaining a good sample of supernovae to study requires regular monitoring of many galaxies.
section_header: Summary
text: Observations of supernovae in other galaxies suggest they occur in the Milky Way on average about three times every century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: IBM employees used to have to wear blue hairnets when they were at IBM's factories.
Wikipedia page: IBM (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Brand and reputation
text: IBM is nicknamed Big Blue in part due to its blue logo and color scheme, and also partially since IBM once had a de facto dress code of white shirts with blue suits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The country of Barcelona was conquered in the 8th century by Arabs.
Wikipedia page: Barcelona (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barcelona ( BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain.
section_header: Summary
text: It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Silver Linings Playbook is a film that stars Brad Pitt.
Wikipedia page: Silver Linings Playbook (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence, with Robert De Niro, Jacki Weaver, Chris Tucker, Anupam Kher, and Julia Stiles in supporting roles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Shakespeare had three children.
Wikipedia page: William Shakespeare (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna and twins Hamnet and Judith.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Great expectations  was published in four volumes.
Wikipedia page: Great Expectations (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In October 1861, Chapman and Hall published the novel in three volumes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Peru, a country in South America, had the oldest civilization in the Americas and thought their Incan king was the "child of the moon" when Spain encountered the native civilization.
Wikipedia page: Peru (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Conquest and colonial period
text: The Incas considered their King, the Sapa Inca, to be the "child of the sun." Atahualpa (also Atahuallpa), the last Sapa Inca, became emperor when he defeated and executed his older half-brother Huáscar in a civil war sparked by the death of their father, Inca Huayna Capac.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A real-life explorer was possibly the inspiration of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Coleridge.
Wikipedia page: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspiration for the poem
text: The poem may have been inspired by James Cook's second voyage of exploration (1772–1775) of the South Seas and the Pacific Ocean; Coleridge's tutor, William Wales, was the astronomer on Cook's flagship and had a strong relationship with Cook.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Oliver Twist is not a true story.
Wikipedia page: Oliver Twist (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel may have been inspired by the story of Robert Blincoe, an orphan whose account of working as a child labourer in a cotton mill was widely read in the 1830s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Heinlein gave his protagonist in Stranger in a Strange Land an unassuming and normal name because he was tired of writers giving their protagonists odd monikers in sci-fi novels.
Wikipedia page: Stranger in a Strange Land (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Characters
text: Heinlein named his main character "Smith" because of a speech he made at a science fiction convention regarding the unpronounceable names assigned to extraterrestrials.
section_header: Characters
text: The character's name was chosen by Heinlein to have unusual overtones, like Jonathan Hoag.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Selena Gomez is a spokesperson for charity organizations.
Wikipedia page: Selena Gomez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Philanthropy | UNICEF
text: Gomez returned as the UNICEF spokesperson for the 60th anniversary of Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF campaign in 2010.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brideshead Revisited is a sequel to a previous novel set in Brideshead Castle in England.
Wikipedia page: Brideshead Revisited (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It follows, from the 1920s to the early 1940s, the life and romances of the protagonist Charles Ryder, most especially his friendship with the Flytes, a family of wealthy English Catholics who live in a palatial mansion called Brideshead Castle.
section_header: Plot | Prologue
text: Charles Ryder and his battalion are sent to a country estate called Brideshead, which prompts his recollections which form the rest of the story.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Britney Spears topped seven times the list of the most searched celebrities in 12 years.
Wikipedia page: Britney Spears (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Spears has topped the list of most searched celebrities seven times in 12 years, a record since the inception of the internet.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Spoon River Anthology has over 200 characters.
Wikipedia page: Spoon River Anthology (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Spoon River Anthology (1915), by Edgar Lee Masters, is a collection of short free verse poems that collectively narrates the epitaphs of the residents of Spoon River, a fictional small town named after the real Spoon River that ran near Masters' home town of Lewistown, Illinois.
section_header: Summary
text: The collection includes 212 separate characters, in all providing 244 accounts of their lives, losses, and manner of death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Arc de Triomphe is the first arch in France and Hitler drove through it after his win at Normandy.
Wikipedia page: Arc de Triomphe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 20th century
text: After the interment of the Unknown Soldier, however, all military parades (including the aforementioned post-1919) have avoided marching through the actual arch.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1954 film On the Waterfront had award winning musical numbers.
Wikipedia page: On the Waterfront (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is Bernstein's only original film score not adapted from a stage production with songs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Defiant Ones was not as popular overseas.
Wikipedia page: The Defiant Ones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The film earned rentals of $2.5 million in the United States and Canada but did not perform as well overseas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bayern has department is a bunch of sports including pingpong.
Wikipedia page: FC Bayern Munich (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Other departments | Other sports | Table tennis
text: The table tennis department was founded in 1946 and currently has 220 members.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Of Mice and Men is a novella written by John Steinbeck about roaming laborers who are friends with dreams during the depression.
Wikipedia page: Of Mice and Men (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States.
section_header: Themes
text: Steinbeck emphasizes dreams throughout the book.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Berlin is the biggest city in Germany based on the amount of people but not in land size.
Wikipedia page: Berlin (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Berlin (; German: [bɛʁˈliːn] (listen)) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tampere in Finland makes a full quarter of the country's GDP.
Wikipedia page: Finland (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Over 1.4 million people live in the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which produces a third of the country's GDP.
section_header: Economy
text: The Greater Helsinki area generates around one third of Finland's GDP.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tris Speaker's mom had a dream that her son would play big league baseball.
Wikipedia page: Tris Speaker (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Speaker's mother opposed his participation in the major leagues, saying that they reminded her of slavery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Coxey's Army was lead by Coxe Jacobs in Ohio in March of 1894 and a second march was held in March of 1914.
Wikipedia page: Coxey's Army (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Coxey's Army was a protest march by unemployed workers from the United States, led by Ohio businessman Jacob Coxey.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rakuten purchased and then sold the book-sharing service Overdrive, resulting in a rare financial loss in its acquisition history.
Wikipedia page: Rakuten (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Acquisitions and investments
text: In December 2019, it was reported that Rakuten would be selling OverDrive to private equity investment firm KKR.
section_header: Acquisitions and investments
text: The price of the sale was not disclosed, though Rakuten said it would recognize about $365.6 million in profit from the sale in the first quarter of 2020.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hannibal's father was also a leader.
Wikipedia page: Hannibal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background and early career
text: Hannibal was one of the sons of Hamilcar Barca, a Carthaginian leader.
section_header: Summary
text: He is widely considered one of the greatest military commanders in world history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Drake owns a home in California called the Embassy.
Wikipedia page: Drake (musician) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Residence
text: Drake lives in Toronto, Ontario, in a 35,000-square-foot, $100 million estate nicknamed "The Embassy", which was built from the ground-up in 2017 and can be seen in the video to his song " Toosie Slide".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Masque of the Red Death is a story about the dangerous plague called Red Death and a King named Wilbur.
Wikipedia page: The Masque of the Red Death (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story follows Prince Prospero's attempts to avoid a dangerous plague, known as the Red Death, by hiding in his abbey.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After WWII his help made Portugal one of the starting members of national support act.
Wikipedia page: Antonio de Oliveira Salazar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Politics and Estado Novo | International relations after World War II
text: Furthermore, also unlike Spain, it was one of the 12 founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in 1949, a reflection of Portugal's role as an ally against communism during the Cold War in spite of its status as the only non-democratic founder.
section_header: Politics and Estado Novo | International relations after World War II
text: In 1950, Portugal joined the European Payments Union and participated in the founding of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) in 1960 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1961.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Corinth was an ancient city in Persia.
Wikipedia page: Ancient Corinth (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Corinth (; Greek: Κόρινθος Kórinthos; Doric Greek: Ϙόρινθος Kórinthos) was a city-state (polis ) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Noël Coward grew up in a wealthy family.
Wikipedia page: Noël Coward (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: Coward's father lacked ambition and industry, and family finances were often poor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Michael Jackson first did the moonwalk technique to Billie Jean which made him very popular globally.
Wikipedia page: Michael Jackson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1982–1983: Thriller and Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever
text: Wearing a glove decorated with rhinestones, he debuted his moonwalk dance, which Jeffrey Daniel had taught him three years earlier, and it became his signature dance in his repertoire.
section_header: Life and career | 1982–1983: Thriller and Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever
text: Jackson's solo performance of "Billie Jean" earned him his first Emmy Award nomination.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Refraction is when waves change direction when moving through a change in subtances.
Wikipedia page: Refraction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In physics, refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another or from a gradual change in the medium.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Robinson played for three MLB teams during his career.
Wikipedia page: Wilbert Robinson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: He lasted in the majors until 1902, playing much of his career with two separate Baltimore Orioles franchises – from 1890 to 1899 with the Orioles team which folded after the 1899 National League season, and in 1901–02 with the American League team which moved to New York City in 1903 and became the Yankees.
section_header: Career
text: He also spent one season, 1900, with the St. Louis Cardinals.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Before acting Susan Hayward was a model.
Wikipedia page: Susan Hayward (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: She began her career as a model, traveling to Hollywood in 1937 to secure the role of Scarlett O'Hara in the successful film Gone with the Wind.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The country of Portugal was the sixth country in Europe to recognize same-sex marriage in the world and is one of the youngest nations in Europe.
Wikipedia page: Portugal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Portugal is the oldest nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Michael Jackson was the 8th youngster of his family.
Wikipedia page: Michael Jackson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The eighth child of the Jackson family, Jackson made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The SI units for the electric fields are mega Electrons per second (ME/s).
Wikipedia page: Electric field (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The derived SI units for the electric field are volts per meter (V/m), exactly equivalent to newtons per coulomb (N/C).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jelly Roll Morton was a baseball player for the Boston Braves.
Wikipedia page: Jelly Roll Morton (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe (October 20, 1890 – July 10, 1941), known professionally as Jelly Roll Morton, was an American ragtime and jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The television show called House  had a character that was a medical genius and was in 66 countries.
Wikipedia page: House (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The series's main character is Dr. Gregory House (Hugh Laurie), an unconventional, misanthropic medical genius who, despite his dependence on pain medication, leads a team of diagnosticians at the fictional Princeton–Plainsboro Teaching Hospital (PPTH) in New Jersey.
section_header: Distribution
text: In 2008, House was distributed in a total of 66 countries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chick batted for for the Fort Smith Cardinals in 1925 after playing for the Syracuse Stars in 1924.
Wikipedia page: Chick Hafey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | St. Louis Cardinals
text: Hafey played in the minor leagues for the Fort Smith Twins of the Western Association in 1923.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Golden Gate Bridge connects San Francisco, California to Los Angeles.
Wikipedia page: Golden Gate Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The structure links the U.S. city of San Francisco, California—the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula—to Marin County, carrying both U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 across the strait.
section_header: History | Ferry service
text: Many wanted to build a bridge to connect San Francisco to Marin County.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Going My Way set a record in 1944 for it's box office hit.
Wikipedia page: Going My Way (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Going My Way is a 1944 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Leo McCarey and starring Bing Crosby and Barry Fitzgerald.
section_header: Summary
text: Going My Way was the highest-grossing picture of 1944, and was nominated for ten Academy Awards, winning seven, including Best Picture.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith played both basketball and baseball while he was in school but chose to follow baseball as his career.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Upon becoming a student at Locke High School, Smith played on the basketball and baseball teams.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hewlett-Packard had done a decent job publicly of taking responsibility for waste products and recycling.
Wikipedia page: Hewlett-Packard (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Corporate social responsibility
text: In July 2007, the company announced that it had met its target, set in 2004, to recycle one billion pounds of electronics, toner and ink cartridges.
section_header: Corporate social responsibility
text: In May 2010, HP was named one of the World's Most Ethical Companies by Ethisphere Institute.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Winston Churchill was born in Manchester.
Wikipedia page: Winston Churchill (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood and schooling: 1874–1895
text: Churchill was born at his family's ancestral home, Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, on 30 November 1874.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Martinez's wife, who he has 4 kids with, manages his charity operation.
Wikipedia page: Pedro Martinez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He has four children. One of his sons, Pedro Martínez Jr., signed with the Detroit Tigers as an international free agent in September 2017.
section_header: Personal life
text: Pedro is married to former ESPN Deportes sideline reporter Carolina Cruz de Martínez, who now runs his charitable organization, Pedro Martínez and Brothers Foundation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There is an attic almost at the top where there is a small museum which contains large models of the Arc.
Wikipedia page: Arc de Triomphe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Access
text: A lift will take visitors almost to the top – to the attic, where there is a small museum which contains large models of the Arc and tells its story from the time of its construction.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Glass Bead Game was published in Germany at the beginning.
Wikipedia page: The Glass Bead Game (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was begun in 1931 and published in Switzerland in 1943 after being rejected for publication in Germany due to Hesse's anti-Fascist views.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sound of Music premiere resulted in a nomination for Best acting for everyone in the Von Trapp family cast.
Wikipedia page: The Sound of Music (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Productions | Original productions
text: The entire children's cast was nominated for Best Featured Actress category as a single nominee, even though two of the children were boys.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Blaine was laid to rest in Virginia.
Wikipedia page: James G. Blaine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Retirement and death
text: After a funeral at the Presbyterian Church of the Covenant, he was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Roy Halladay who played for the Toronto Blue Jays and the Philadelphia Phillies died in an amphibious airplane.
Wikipedia page: Roy Halladay (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: On November 7, 2017, Halladay died when his ICON A5 amphibious plane crashed into the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Texan American singer, songwriter, actress, and television producer Selena Marie Gomez had a role in Hannah Montana.
Wikipedia page: Selena Gomez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene
text: Gomez was given a recurring role on the popular Disney Channel series Hannah Montana in 2007, portraying pop star Mikayla.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author of Hunchback of Notre-Dame describes the architecture in great detail since it was being changed and the author hoped to save as much of the old architecture as possible.
Wikipedia page: The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Major themes | Architecture
text: Architecture is a major concern of Hugo's in Notre-Dame de Paris, not just as embodied in the cathedral itself, but as representing throughout Paris and the rest of Europe an artistic genre which, Hugo argued, was about to disappear with the arrival of the printing press.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rimsky-Korsakov developed music arrangements and became a song smith with an imagination that flowed from his readings and otherworldly ideas.
Wikipedia page: Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Compositions
text: He developed both these compositional devices for the "fantastic" sections of his operas, which depicted magical or supernatural characters and events.
section_header: Summary
text: Rimsky-Korsakov appreciated Western musical techniques after he became a professor of musical composition, harmony, and orchestration at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory in 1871.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Craig Biggio was a baseball player who played his whole career on the Astros and the first player  to hit 3000 hits for them.
Wikipedia page: Craig Biggio (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Craig Alan Biggio (; born December 14, 1965) is an American former second baseman, outfielder and catcher in Major League Baseball who played his entire career from 1988 through 2007 for the Houston Astros.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Freddie Mercury named his musical group Queen because Queen's Choice was on the label of his favorite brand of tea.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Mercury (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He later said, "It's very regal obviously, and it sounds splendid.
section_header: Early life
text: Despite the reservations of the other members and Trident Studios, the band's initial management, Mercury chose the name "Queen" for the new band.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Branch Rickey was a football coach and hired Hank Aaron to play for the Yankees.
Wikipedia page: Branch Rickey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been out of print several times.
Wikipedia page: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The work has never been out of print, and it has been translated into at least 97 languages.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Safavid family were Sufis.
Wikipedia page: Safavid dynasty (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Iranian Azerbaijan region.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Ballad of the Sad Café is about the main character starting a cafe with her aunt.
Wikipedia page: The Ballad of the Sad Cafe (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot of the novella
text: Miss Amelia and the hunchback, Cousin Lymon, unintentionally create a new tradition for the town, and the people gather inside the café on Sunday evenings, often until midnight.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Yeast is not a fungus.
Wikipedia page: Fungus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Akbar came to power when he was just a teen.
Wikipedia page: Akbar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: In Kalanaur, Punjab, the 14-year-old Akbar was enthroned by Bairam Khan on a newly constructed platform, which still stands.
section_header: Early years
text: He was proclaimed Shahanshah (Persian for "King of Kings").
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film Atonement, one of the characters is a victim of German bombing during World War II.
Wikipedia page: Atonement (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Cecilia and Robbie were never reunited: Robbie died of septicaemia at Dunkirk on the morning of the day he was to be evacuated and Cecilia died months later in the Balham tube station bombing during the Blitz.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Green Day was formed in Arizona.
Wikipedia page: Green Day (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Green Day is an American rock band formed in the East Bay of California in 1987 by lead vocalist and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong and bassist and backing vocalist Mike Dirnt.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Anne of Green Gables was adopted by an elderly married couple in Canada.
Wikipedia page: Anne of Green Gables (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Anne Shirley, a young orphan from the fictional community of Bolingbroke, Nova Scotia (based upon the real community of New London, Prince Edward Island), is sent to live with Marilla and Matthew Cuthbert, siblings in their fifties and sixties, after a childhood spent in strangers' homes and orphanages.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Anne Bancroft was in a movie about an aging Hollywood star who beat her children.
Wikipedia page: Anne Bancroft (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Bancroft was the original choice to play Joan Crawford in the film Mommie Dearest (1981), but backed out and was replaced by Faye Dunaway.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Room with a View is a movie by Alfred Hitchcock that is based on a murder that a neighbor sees while being wheelchair bound in a skyscraper condo in Manhattan.
Wikipedia page: A Room with a View (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Room with a View is a 1908 novel by English writer E. M. Forster, about a young woman in the restrained culture of Edwardian era England.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Brooks Robinson was a professional baseball player that got his nicknames because he was a great hitter and nothing got by him at the plate.
Wikipedia page: Brooks Robinson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed "The Human Vacuum Cleaner" or "Mr. Hoover", he is considered the greatest defensive third baseman in major league history.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Anna Bancroft was a deaf American actress and starred in the award-winning film The Miracle Worker in California.
Wikipedia page: Anne Bancroft (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Anna Maria Louisa Italiano (September 17, 1931 – June 6, 2005), known professionally as Anne Bancroft was an American actress, director, screenwriter and singer.
section_header: Summary
text: The following year she portrayed Anne Sullivan in the original Broadway production of The Miracle Worker, winning the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Natalie Portman doesn't ingest meat because she saw doctors zap a bird with light once.
Wikipedia page: Natalie Portman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Activism
text: Portman, who is an advocate for animal rights, became a vegetarian when she was eight years old, a decision which came after she witnessed a demonstration of laser surgery on a chicken while attending a medical conference with her father.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Devil and Daniel Webster is a short story by Stephen Vincent Benét that had two film adaptations, with the most recent being played all across the nations theaters.
Wikipedia page: The Devil and Daniel Webster (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Screen
text: Two film adaptations have been made:  An Academy Award-winning 1941 film first released under the title
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Pride of the Yankees is a documentary about the New York Yankees.
Wikipedia page: The Pride of the Yankees (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Though subtitled The Life of Lou Gehrig, the film is less a sports biography than an homage to a heroic and widely loved sports figure whose tragic and premature death touched the entire nation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Many persons have classified The Winter's Tale as a tragedy instead of a comedy.
Wikipedia page: The Winter's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Although it was grouped among the comedies, many modern editors have relabelled the play as one of Shakespeare's late romances.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fall's middle name is Bacon.
Wikipedia page: Albert B. Fall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Albert Bacon Fall (November 26, 1861 – November 30, 1944) was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding, infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Joyce dropped out of college to take care of his mother before writing "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man".
Wikipedia page: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: Born into a middle-class family in Dublin, Ireland, James Joyce (1882–1941) excelled as a student,  graduating from University College, Dublin, in 1902.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Kelly's Orioles teammates refused to attend his wedding.
Wikipedia page: Joe Kelley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Making up the nucleus of the Orioles along with John McGraw, Willie Keeler, and Hughie Jennings, Kelley received the nickname "Kingpin of the Orioles".
section_header: Personal life
text: Keeler served as Kelley's best man, and McGraw and Jennings served as groomsmen.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Netherlands is a country in Western Europe and partly in the Caribbean that borders Denmark and Sweden.
Wikipedia page: Netherlands (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Europe, it consists of 12 provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with those countries and the United Kingdom.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film Here Comes Mr. Jordan, released on video, is about a man who comes back from the dead with a purpose.
Wikipedia page: Here Comes Mr. Jordan (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Here Comes Mr. Jordan is a 1941 American fantasy romantic comedy film directed by Alexander Hall, in which a boxer, mistakenly taken to Heaven before his time, is given a second chance back on Earth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tootsie is about an unfavorable actor who changes his identity to a female to get a part.
Wikipedia page: Tootsie (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman in order to land a job.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Constantine was born in now Serbia.
Wikipedia page: Constantine the Great (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Flavius Valerius Constantinus, as he was originally named, was born in the city of Naissus, (today Niš, Serbia) part of the Dardania province of Moesia on 27 February, probably c. AD 272.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Tropic of Cancer is not a constant latitude line for the sun to make a circle around the Earth.
Wikipedia page: Tropic of Cancer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Drift
text: The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brezhnev only had one other that had lead over the Soviet Union more time than him.
Wikipedia page: Leonid Brezhnev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Brezhnev presided over the Soviet Union for longer than any other person except Joseph Stalin.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The folktale has been categorized as a variation of the theme of underlings who become victorious after intervention of mystical entities.
Wikipedia page: Cinderella (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot variations and alternative tellings
text: The Aarne–Thompson–Uther system classifies Cinderella as type 510A, "Persecuted Heroine".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The youth sports academy that he started in 1990 is now closed.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-playing career
text: Of those businesses the youth academy remains in operation, with the restaurant having closed in 2010 after changing ownership and locations once.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Revolver was the name of the Beatles' penultimate tour.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Controversies, Revolver and final tour
text: At a press conference Lennon pointed out, "If I'd said television was more popular than Jesus, I might have got away with it." He claimed that he was referring to how other people viewed their success, but at the prompting of reporters, he concluded: "If you want me to apologise, if that will make you happy, then okay, I'm sorry." Released in August, a week before the Beatles' final tour, Revolver marked another artistic step forward for the group.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Warren had one sibling.
Wikipedia page: Earl Warren (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, family, and education
text: Earl Warren was the second of two children, after his older sister, Ethel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Leo X was pope and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death on 1 December 1521, and led a costly war that succeeded in securing his nephew as Duke of Urbino.
Wikipedia page: Pope Leo X (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pope Leo X (born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521) was pope and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death on 1 December 1521.Born into the prominent political and banking Medici family of Florence, Giovanni was the second son of Lorenzo de' Medici, ruler of the Florentine Republic, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1489.
Verdict: SUPPORTS