tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Ballad of the Sad Cafe is a novella and later was turned into a play.
Wikipedia page: The Ballad of the Sad Cafe (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ballad of the Sad Café, first published in 1951, is a book by Carson McCullers comprising a novella of the same title along with six short stories: "Wunderkind", "The Jockey", "Madame Zilensky and the King of Finland", "The Sojourner", "A Domestic Dilemma", and "A Tree, a Rock, a Cloud".
section_header: Adaptations
text: The Ballad of the Sad Café was adapted into a stage play of the same name by Edward Albee in 1963.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. went to an Ivy league school.
Wikipedia page: Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: In 1924, he graduated cum laude from Harvard University, where he was a member of the Hasty Pudding and the Fox Club.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Atahualpa was the first Inca Emperor.
Wikipedia page: Atahualpa (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Atahualpa (), Atawallpa (Quechua), also Atabalica, Atahuallpa, Atabalipa (in Hispanicized spellings)(c.
section_header: Summary
text: 1502–26 July 1533) was the last Inca Emperor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fox said that she was very popular in high school.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Fox spoke freely about her time in school, stating that in middle school she was bullied and had to eat lunch in the bathroom to avoid being "pelted with ketchup packets." She said that the problem was not her looks, but that she had "always gotten along better with boys" and that "rubbed some people the wrong way." Fox also said that she was never popular in high school, and that "everyone hated me, and I was a total outcast, my friends were always guys, I have a very aggressive personality, and girls didn't like me for that.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Handmaid's Tale has been turned into a movie and a TV show.
Wikipedia page: The Handmaid's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The book has been adapted into a 1990 film, a 2000 opera, a 2017 television series, and other media.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Shirley MacLaine, an American film, television, and theater actress, singer, dancer, activist, and author, was named after Shirley Temple.
Wikipedia page: Shirley MacLaine (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Named after actress Shirley Temple (who was six years old at the time), Shirley MacLean Beaty was born on April 24, 1934, in Richmond, Virginia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Demi Lovato started her career on the kids show, Even Stevens.
Wikipedia page: Demi Lovato (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1992–2006: Early life and career beginnings
text: In 2002, she began her career on the children's television series Barney & Friends, portraying the role of Angela.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Breaking Bad aired for eight seasons.
Wikipedia page: Breaking Bad (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Development history
text: However in April 2012, Bryan Cranston revealed that the fifth season would be split into two halves, with the first eight episodes airing in 2011, and the final eight in 2012.Before the series finale
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Sewell lived to be over 90 years old when he passed.
Wikipedia page: Joe Sewell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Joseph Wheeler Sewell (October 9, 1898 – March 6, 1990) was a Major League Baseball infielder for the Cleveland Indians and New York Yankees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Al Spalding joined the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1942
Wikipedia page: Al Spalding (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Grieg's music is popular in the classical world and his use of his Scandinavian roots in music helped him become well known.
Wikipedia page: Edvard Grieg (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is widely considered one of the leading Romantic era composers, and his music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwide.
section_header: Career | Later years
text: He is a genius that we Scandinavians cannot do other than love."Edvard
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lord of the Rings is a book written by J. R. R. Tolkien that is the prequel to another one of his famous fantasy writings.
Wikipedia page: The Lord of the Rings (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit but eventually developed into a much larger work.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Who Framed Roger Rabbit was the only title considered since the movie is based off of a book with the same name.
Wikipedia page: Who Framed Roger Rabbit (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Writing
text: Before finally agreeing on Who Framed Roger Rabbit as the film's title, working titles included Murder in Toontown, Toons, Dead Toons Don't Pay Bills, The Toontown Trial, Trouble in Toontown, and Eddie Goes to Toontown.
section_header: Summary
text: Loosely based on the 1981 novel Who Censored Roger Rabbit?
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Resonance happens when a system is unable to move energy to another frequency.
Wikipedia page: Resonance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Overview
text: Resonance occurs when a system is able to store and easily transfer energy between two or more different storage modes (such as kinetic energy and potential energy in the case of a simple pendulum).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Earl Warren supported the desegregation of public schools.
Wikipedia page: Earl Warren (History)
Evidence:
section_header: U.S. Supreme Court | 1950s | Brown v. Board of Education
text: Nonetheless, Warren won over Jackson, Frankfurter, and Clark, in part by allowing states and federal courts the flexibility to pursue desegregation of schools at different speeds.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ramayana is one of the three major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, and forms the Hindu Itihasa, and is considered the most sacred book, and is read by millions of people every year.
Wikipedia page: Ramayana (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ramayana (; Sanskrit: रामायणम्, Rāmāyaṇam [ɽaːˈmaːjɐɳɐm]) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Mahābhārata.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary had a construction budget of 300000$.
Wikipedia page: Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Construction
text: A new cellhouse was built from 1910–1912 on a budget of $250,000, and upon completion, the 500 feet (150 m) long concrete building was reputedly the longest concrete building in the world at the time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ozone is a colorless gas.
Wikipedia page: Ozone (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Philip waged campaigns throughout Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.
Wikipedia page: Philip II of Macedon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Later campaigns (346–336 BC)
text: In 340 BC, Philip started the siege of Perinthus, and in 339 BC, began another siege against the city of Byzantium.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ellen Burstyn was on one of the Law and Order dramas.
Wikipedia page: Ellen Burstyn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2006–2015: Further work in film and television
text: In addition to her stage work, Burstyn portrayed former First Lady Barbara Bush in Oliver Stone's biographical film W. in 2008.In 2009, she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for her portrayal of the bipolar estranged mother of Detective Elliot Stabler on NBC's police procedural Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel The Bostonians was a feminist novel.
Wikipedia page: The Bostonians (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes
text: James was at best ambivalent about the feminist movement, and the early chapters harshly satirise Olive and her fellow ideologues.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Heinie Manush played for sixteen years and played for five different teams.
Wikipedia page: Heinie Manush (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played professional baseball for 20 years from 1920 to 1939, including 17 years in Major League Baseball for the Detroit Tigers (1923–1927), St. Louis Browns (1928–1930), Washington Senators (1930–1935), Boston Red Sox (1936), Brooklyn Dodgers (1937–1938), and Pittsburgh Pirates (1938–1939).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1939 film The Rains Came was made into a movie.
Wikipedia page: The Rains Came (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A remake of the film was released in 1955 under the name The Rains of Ranchipur.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The author, Chinua Achebe, is from Japan.
Wikipedia page: Things Fall Apart (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Things Fall Apart is the debut novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe, first published in 1958.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexander Kerensky of Simbirsk hated Grigori Rasputin so much for what he did to the Russian empress, that he participated in his killing himself and didn't bother to cover it up.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Kerensky (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Rasputin
text: Monarchists murdered Rasputin in December 1916, burying him near the imperial residence in Tsarskoye Selo.
section_header: Rasputin
text: Shortly after the February Revolution of 1917, Kerensky ordered soldiers to re-bury the corpse at an unmarked spot in the countryside.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Two of Marshall's kids died young.
Wikipedia page: John Marshall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: The Marshalls had six children who survived until adulthood: Thomas (who would eventually serve in the Virginia House of Delegates), Jaquelin, Mary, James, and Edward.
section_header: Personal life
text: They had 10 children; six of whom survived to adulthood.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Amazon is the largest fastest growing company in the world.
Wikipedia page: Amazon (company) (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the second largest private employer in the United States and one of the world's most valuable companies.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The city of Barcelona ranks among that top five most visited cities in Europe.
Wikipedia page: Barcelona (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Medieval Barcelona
text: The city was conquered by the Visigoths in the early 5th century, becoming for a few years the capital of all Hispania.
section_header: Economy | Tourism
text: Barcelona was the 20th-most-visited city in the world by international visitors and the fifth most visited city in Europe after London, Paris, Istanbul and Rome, with 5.5 million international visitors in 2011.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bhagavad Gita is a story with 800 verses.
Wikipedia page: Bhagavadgita (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Content | Structure
text: Its 700 verses are structured into several ancient Indian poetic meters, with the principal being the shloka (Anushtubh chanda).
section_header: Content | Structure
text: The Bhagavad Gita is a poem written in the Sanskrit language.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The word Utopia can be traced back to the early 16th century.
Wikipedia page: Utopia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: The word utopia was coined from Ancient Greek by Sir Thomas More in 1516.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Cum Posey worked on riverboats.
Wikipedia page: Cum Posey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Posey senior worked on riverboats and, in 1877, became probably the first African American licensed engineer in the United States, earning a chief engineer license and the title of, "Captain".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bob Gibson nickname was "The Rocket" and he has 17 recorded strikeouts during a World Series.
Wikipedia page: Bob Gibson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed "Gibby" and "Hoot" (after actor Hoot Gibson), Gibson tallied 251 wins, 3,117 strikeouts, and a 2.91 earned run average (ERA) during his career.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film Rocky, Apollo Creed, the heavyweight boxing champion, is played by Sylvester Stallone.
Wikipedia page: Rocky (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast | Main cast
text: Sylvester Stallone as Robert "Rocky" Balboa Talia Shire as Adrianna "Adrian" Pennino Burt Young as Paulie Pennino Carl Weathers as Apollo Creed
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Candide has a fast moving story line and has been imitated often by other authors.
Wikipedia page: Candide (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Candide is characterized by its  tone as well as by its erratic, fantastical, and fast-moving plot.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Alhambra is located in Granada, Italy.
Wikipedia page: The Alhambra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: lit. ' " The Red One"') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Egypt was thought to have less than a thousand types of fungus, but later proven to have more than double that.
Wikipedia page: Egypt (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Biodiversity
text: The plan stated that the following numbers of species of different groups had been recorded from Egypt: algae (1483 species), animals (about 15,000 species of which more than 10,000 were insects), fungi (more than 627 species), monera (319 species), plants (2426 species), protozoans (371 species).
section_header: Geography | Biodiversity
text: For the fungi, including lichen-forming species, for example, subsequent work has shown that over 2200 species have been recorded from Egypt, and the final figure of all fungi actually occurring in the country is expected to be much higher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Bench also played football and soccer before being drafted.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Bench (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major League Baseball career | 1960s
text: Born and raised in Oklahoma, Bench is one-eighth Choctaw; he played baseball and basketball and was class valedictorian at Binger-Oney High School in Binger.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fremont's father-in-law initially rejected the relationship with his child because of class differences.
Wikipedia page: John C. Frémont (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage and senatorial patronage
text: A romance blossomed between the two; however, Benton was initially against it because Frémont was not considered upper society.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Robert De Niro won 2 Academy Awards for playing mob characters in crime movies.
Wikipedia page: Robert De Niro (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1980, De Niro portrayed Jake LaMotta in Scorsese's biographical drama Raging Bull which won him a second Academy Award, for Best Actor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Strait, known as the "King of Country", earned the rank of Corporal in the United States Army.
Wikipedia page: George Strait (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Strait is known as the "King of Country" and is considered one of the most influential and popular recording artists of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Grimes passed away due to a chronic lower respiratory disease.
Wikipedia page: Burleigh Grimes (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: Grimes died of cancer at age 92 in 1985 in Clear Lake, Wisconsin.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The original 7 World Trade Center in New York City was opened in in 1987 and the replacement opened in 2006.
Wikipedia page: 7 World Trade Center (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout
text: The building opened in May 1987, becoming the seventh structure of the World Trade Center.7 World Trade Center was constructed above a two-story Con Edison substation that had been located on the site since 1967.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carthage used to be the richest trading place of the Atlantic ocean.
Wikipedia page: Carthage (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Carthage was widely considered the most important trading hub of the Ancient Mediterranean and was arguably one of the most affluent cities of the classical world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers is a film that has a hobbit queen in it.
Wikipedia page: The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: Cate Blanchett as Galadriel: The Elven-Queen of Lothlórien, who discusses Middle-earth's future with Elrond.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V had a rebellion related to religious freedom in 1539.
Wikipedia page: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Reign | Burgundy and the Low Countries
text: The important city of Ghent rebelled in 1539 due to heavy tax payments demanded by Charles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: De Niro is a dual citizen of Italy and America.
Wikipedia page: Robert De Niro (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (, Italian: [de ˈniːro]; born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director who holds both American and Italian citizenship.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: HMS Bounty's cannons were intended to be reinforced by rifles.
Wikipedia page: Mutiny on the Bounty (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Background | Bounty and its mission
text: Its armament was four short four-pounder carriage guns and ten half-pounder swivel guns, supplemented by small arms such as muskets.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Oxygen's number on the periodic table is 16.
Wikipedia page: Oxygen (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harrison's family was involved in politics.
Wikipedia page: Benjamin Harrison (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was a grandson of the ninth president, William Henry Harrison, creating the only grandfather–grandson duo to have held the office.
section_header: Summary
text: He was also a great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison V, a founding father who signed the United States Declaration of Independence.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Peterloo Massacre happened in Europe and involved the death of a child.
Wikipedia page: Peterloo Massacre (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Yeomanry charged into the crowd, knocking down a woman and killing a child, and finally apprehended Hunt.
section_header: Summary
text: The Peterloo Massacre took place at St Peter's Field, Manchester, Lancashire, England on Monday 16 August 1819.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Margaret Mead's household did move a lot when she was growing up.
Wikipedia page: Margaret Mead (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Birth, early family life, and education
text: Her father, Edward Sherwood Mead, was a professor of finance at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania,  and her mother, Emily (née Fogg) Mead, was a sociologist who studied Italian immigrants.
section_header: Birth, early family life, and education
text: Her family moved frequently, so her early education was directed by her grandmother until, at age 11, she was enrolled by her family at Buckingham Friends School in Lahaska, Pennsylvania.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The settlement started in the early 19th century in Vienna
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Ghent (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Negotiations
text: At last in August 1814, peace discussions began in the neutral city of Ghent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cumberland Posey was an American baseball player, manager, team owner in the Negro leagues and has a school holiday on the day he pass away.
Wikipedia page: Cum Posey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Homestead Grays
text: His hometown of Homestead declared a school holiday in his honor the day of his funeral.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shafrira is an academic at Harvard.
Wikipedia page: Shafi Goldwasser (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: She became a professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science, concurrent to her professorship at MIT, in 1993.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Marco Polo was a Spanish merchant who travel the Silk Road and wrote a book about the culture, wealth and size of the Mongol Empire.
Wikipedia page: Marco Polo (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Marco Polo ( (listen), Venetian: [ˈmaɾko ˈpolo], Italian: [ˈmarko ˈpɔːlo]; 1254 – January 8–9, 1324) was  a Venetian merchant, explorer, and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Henry Harrison was the last child from his parents.
Wikipedia page: William Henry Harrison (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Harrison was the seventh and youngest child of Benjamin Harrison V and Elizabeth (Bassett) Harrison, born on February 9, 1773 at Berkeley Plantation, the Harrison family home along the James River in Charles City County, Virginia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The metro operates from 4AM to 12AM.
Wikipedia page: Delhi Metro (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Delhi Metro operates over 2,700 trips daily, starting at around 05:00 and ending at 23:30.Construction started in 1998, and the first elevated section (Shahdara to Tis Hazari) on the Red Line opened in 2002.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ban Johnson, a baseball executive, reformed the once rowdy baseball games into orderly and respectful environments where all members of the family would feel welcome to enjoy the game.
Wikipedia page: Ban Johnson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: To encourage a more orderly environment, Johnson strongly supported the new league's umpires, which eventually included Hall of Famer Billy Evans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Uruguay is known for many things, but a high number of native-born terrorists is not one of them.
Wikipedia page: Uruguay (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It tops the rank of absence of terrorism, a unique position within South America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ross Young was called "Pep" because he knew how to look alive out on the field when playing the great sport of baseball.
Wikipedia page: Ross Youngs (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: New York Giants
text: McGraw gave Youngs the nickname "Pep" due to his hustle and soon began to groom Youngs to become his successor as Giants' manager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Every state in the United States has a county and is called county.
Wikipedia page: County (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: The Americas | United States
text: Forty-eight of the 50 U.S. states use the term "county", while Alaska and Louisiana use the terms "borough" and "parish", respectively, for analogous jurisdictions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mila Kunis moved from the Soviet Ukraine at the age of 7 to the US where she became an actress.
Wikipedia page: Mila Kunis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1991, at the age of 7, she moved from Soviet Ukraine to the United States with her family.
section_header: Summary
text: Milena Markovna "Mila" Milena Markovna "Mila" Kunis (; Ukrainian: Мілена Марківна Куніс; Russian: Милена Марковна Кунис; born August 14, 1983) is an American actress.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Crossing the Bar" is about a man's struggle to pass the bar examine and thus compares it to a sandbar.
Wikipedia page: Crossing the Bar (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Overview
text: The extended metaphor of "crossing the bar" represents travelling serenely and securely from life through death.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Blenheim was a major battle fought in the 4th August of the War of the Spanish Succession.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Blenheim (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: By 1704, the War of the Spanish Succession was in its fourth year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eminem has never made government spooks nervous about alleged intentions to harm the chief executive of America.
Wikipedia page: Eminem (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 2003–2007: Encore, more lyrical conflicts and musical hiatus
text: On December 8, 2003, the United States Secret Service said that it was "looking into" allegations that Eminem had threatened the President of the United States.
section_header: Personal life | Legal issues and controversies
text: In 2018–2019, the Secret Service interviewed Eminem again regarding threatening lyrics towards President Donald Trump and daughter Ivanka.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cimarron is the 1st and only Western film to win Best Picture at the Oscars even though it is often on the lists of the most undeserving winners.
Wikipedia page: Cimarron (1931 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and honors
text: It was the first Western to win the Best Picture award, and it would not be until 1990 when Dances with Wolves won, that another Western would garner that honor.1930–1931 Academy Awards
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Scarlatti passed away in 1755.
Wikipedia page: Domenico Scarlatti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti (Naples, 26 October 1685 –  Madrid, 23 July 1757) was an Italian composer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Many facts of Pythagoras' life are contradicted.
Wikipedia page: Pythagoras (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: There is not a single detail in the life of Pythagoras that stands uncontradicted.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The man whom was hired appeared to have died of a long fall, his corpse strewn at the bottom of a cliff.
Wikipedia page: The Death of the Hired Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Overview
text: "The Death of the Hired Man" is a long poem primarily concerning a conversation, over a short time period in a single evening, between a farmer (Warren) and his wife (Mary) about what to do with an ex-employee named Silas, who helped with haymaking and left the farm at an inappropriate time after being offered "pocket money", now making his return during winter looking like "a miserable sight" having "changed".
section_header: Themes
text: Through the obvious moral dichotomy at the start of the poem between Warren and Mary, it can be interpreted that Mary has slowly convinced Warren to offer Silas a room at the house; obviously his offering comes too late with Silas having died, arguably alone, beside the stove.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This series is at least seven seasons longer than the name implies it should be.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Premise
text: How I Met Your Mother does not introduce Ted's wife (Cristin Milioti) until the eighth-season finale and only announces her name (Tracy McConnell) during the series finale.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Berlin is the capital city of Germany, and it has the greatest amount of land area and population, thus making it the largest metropolitan area in Germany.
Wikipedia page: Berlin (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The two cities are at the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg capital region, which is, with about six million inhabitants and an area of more than 30,000 km2, Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It has only been adapted to film.
Wikipedia page: Dick Tracy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Television
text: Dick Tracy (1950–1951, live action television series starring Ralph Byrd) The Dick Tracy Show (1961, animated television series with various voices including Everett Sloane and Mel Blanc) *
section_header: In other media | Radio
text: Dick Tracy had a long run on radio, from 1934 weekdays on NBC's New England stations to the ABC network in 1948.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Indian technology company Baidu is the 4th largest website.
Wikipedia page: Baidu (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Baidu search engine is currently the fourth largest website in the Alexa Internet rankings.
section_header: Summary
text: Baidu, Inc. (Chinese: 百度; pinyin: Bǎidù, meaning "hundred degrees", anglicized  BY-doo) is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products and artificial intelligence (AI), headquartered in Beijing's Haidian District.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: At the military academy's graduation, George Custer ranked second to last.
Wikipedia page: George Armstrong Custer (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Education
text: He was 34th in a class of 34 graduates: 23 classmates had dropped out for academic reasons while 22 classmates had already resigned to join the Confederacy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gary Cooper initially did not want to be in The Pride of the Yankees because Lou Gehrig was a personal hero of his.
Wikipedia page: The Pride of the Yankees (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: Although he was ideally suited to the part due to his physical resemblance to Gehrig and the quiet strength and masculine appeal that he projected, Cooper was reluctant to accept it because he, like Goldwyn, had no interest in baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johnny Mize did live with his grandma.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Mize (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: After his parents separated, his mother went to Atlanta for work, but Mize remained in Demorest with his grandmother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Warren G. Harding was the 27th president of the U.S.A.
Wikipedia page: Warren G. Harding (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was the 29th president of the United States from 1921 until his death in 1923.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ethiopia has strict laws regarding gay and lesbian behaviors.
Wikipedia page: Ethiopia (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Politics | Human rights
text: Homosexual acts are illegal in Ethiopia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The site of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre was also the grounds of a British military exercise that was held that day.
Wikipedia page: Jallianwala Bagh massacre (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Massacre
text: At 9:00 on the morning of 13 April 1919, the traditional festival of Baisakhi.
section_header: Massacre
text: Apart from pilgrims, Amritsar had filled up over the preceding days with farmers, traders, and merchants attending the annual Baisakhi horse and cattle fair.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ostend Manifesto described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused, which resulted from debates over slavery in the United States, Manifest Destiny, and the Monroe Doctrine, as slaveholders sought new territory for slavery's expansion.
Wikipedia page: Ostend Manifesto (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ostend Manifesto, also known as the Ostend Circular, was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This book was not popular when it was released and was met with heavy criticism.
Wikipedia page: A Farewell to Arms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception
text: Upon its flimsy publication—due to the medium of its release—through Scriber's Magazine, it was banned from Boston newsstands due to accusations of a pornographic nature, despite Hemingway's deliberate exclusion of graphic descriptions of sex, using omission as a literary device.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Adobe Inc. got its name from the pueblo houses in New Mexico and is an American multinational computer software company.
Wikipedia page: Adobe Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The name of the company, Adobe, comes from Adobe Creek in Los Altos, California, which ran behind Warnock's house.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Critics didn't like this particular essay, presumably due to its criticism of critique, and thus criticized it harshly, especially the one critic that was made fun of explicitly in the text.
Wikipedia page: Essay on Criticism (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception
text: An Essay on Criticism was famously and fiercely attacked by John Dennis, who is mentioned mockingly in the work.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dizzy Dean's grave is in Mississippi.
Wikipedia page: Dizzy Dean (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and death
text: Dean died July 17, 1974, at age 64 in Reno, Nevada, of a heart attack, and was buried in the Bond Cemetery.
section_header: Later life and death
text: After leaving sportscasting in the late 1960s, Dean retired with his wife, Patricia, to her hometown of Bond, Mississippi.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joe Torre was born in New York and has four younger siblings.
Wikipedia page: Joe Torre (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Joseph Torre was born July 18, 1940, in Brooklyn, New York.
section_header: Early life
text: His siblings include two older brothers, Frank and Rocco, and an older sister, Marguerite.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Great Northern War was a dispute between the Normans and the French for the land of Europe
Wikipedia page: Great Northern War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Reeves spent his childhood in Hawaii.
Wikipedia page: Keanu Reeves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bruce Lee's personal style of martial arts, the "Way of the Intercepting Fist" is predicated on seeing how one's opponent is attacking, and striking them without allowing their blow to be corrected against the counter.
Wikipedia page: Bruce Lee (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career and education | 1959 to 1964: Continuous studies and martial arts breakthrough
text: time—"the idea is to finish the execution of the punch before the opponent can complete the brain-to-wrist communication.
section_header: Summary
text: He trained in the art of Wing Chun and later combined his other influences from various sources into the spirit of his personal martial arts philosophy, which he dubbed Jeet Kune Do (The Way of the Intercepting Fist).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire, the first Emperor of the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent, and was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan.
Wikipedia page: Babur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Shortening the distance arm is one method of increasing torque.
Wikipedia page: Torque (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Torque multiplier
text: Torque can be multiplied via three methods:  by locating the fulcrum such that the length of a lever is increased; by using a longer lever; or by the use of a speed reducing gearset or gear box.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Code Geass is a Japanese anime series that had a sequel series appear on an major American television network for a few months.
Wikipedia page: Code Geass (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its sequel series, Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion R2, ran as a simulcast on MBS and TBS from April 2008 to September 2008.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Death Comes for the Archbishop is a book.
Wikipedia page: Death Comes for the Archbishop (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novel ends with the death of (retired) Archbishop Latour in Santa Fe: Vaillant has pre-deceased Latour as the first Bishop of Colorado after the Colorado gold rush (in reality Machebeuf was the first Roman Catholic Bishop of Denver).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Miley Cyrus has appeared as a coach in two seasons of the television series "The Voice".
Wikipedia page: Miley Cyrus (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cyrus has been featured as a coach on the singing competition television series The Voice; she has appeared in two seasons of the show since her debut in 2016.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Judgment at Nuremberg is the documentary movie of the trials at Nuremberg after World War 2.
Wikipedia page: Judgment at Nuremberg (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in Nuremberg, Germany in 1948, the film depicts a fictionalized version of the Judges' Trial of 1947, one of the 12 U.S. military tribunals during the Subsequent Nuremberg trials.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The ancient Hitties' past was discovered through tablets.
Wikipedia page: Hittites (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Early Period
text: The early history of the Hittite kingdom is known through tablets that may first have been written in the 17th century BC, possibly in Hittite; but survived only as Akkadian copies made in the 14th and 13th centuries BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: William Hurt has native level proficiency in Spanish.
Wikipedia page: William Hurt (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Hurt is fluent in French and maintains a home outside Paris.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: North Korea has more doctors per capita than it's neighbor to the south.
Wikipedia page: North Korea (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Society | Health
text: 80% of the population had access to improved sanitation facilities in 2015.North Korea has the highest number of doctors per capita amongst low-income countries, with 3.7 physicians per 1,000 people, a figure which is also significantly higher than that of South Korea, according to WHO's data.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film made less than 500 million dollars.
Wikipedia page: Forrest Gump (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film was an enormous success at the box office; it became the top-grossing film in America released that year and earned over US$677 million worldwide during its theatrical run, making it the second highest-grossing film of 1994, behind The Lion King.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ariana Grande started her career on broadway.
Wikipedia page: Ariana Grande (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Boca Raton, Florida, Grande began her career in the 2008 Broadway musical 13.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lou Brock was born into a poor family and used  an athletic award to pay for school.
Wikipedia page: Lou Brock (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: While his family didn't have much money, he said that he never felt poor because, "If you don't have something, you don't miss it." Brock grew up as a fan of the Brooklyn Dodgers, the team that included Jackie Robinson, Don Newcombe and Roy Campanella.
section_header: Early life
text: After attending high school in Mer Rouge, Louisiana, he received academic assistance to attend Southern University in Baton Rouge, but when a low grade in his first semester meant the possibility of losing his scholarship, he decided to try out for the school's baseball team in order to secure an athletic scholarship.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Former Canadian prime minister Lester Bowles Pearson played football in high school.
Wikipedia page: Lester B. Pearson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, family, and education
text: Pearson was a member of the Aurora Rugby team.
section_header: Early life, family, and education
text: Lester grew up in Aurora and attended the public school on Church Street.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jimmy Carter thought that Christ would have approved of homosexual matrimony.
Wikipedia page: Jimmy Carter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Political positions | Same-sex marriage
text: ... I believe Jesus would approve gay marriage, but that's just my own personal belief.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Some scholars belief William Shakespeare took credit for other authors' writings and ideas, or that some of his most well known plays were a group efforts with other writers.
Wikipedia page: William Shakespeare (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Speculation about Shakespeare | Authorship
text: Several "group theories" have also been proposed.
section_header: Plays
text: Most playwrights of the period typically collaborated with others at some point, and critics agree that Shakespeare did the same, mostly early and late in his career.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tammany Hall never helped immigrants.
Wikipedia page: Tammany Hall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Immigrant support
text: By the 1820s, Tammany Hall was accepting Irish immigrants as members of the group.
section_header: Summary
text: It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Millard Fillmore is the least memorable guy to hold the Oval Office.
Wikipedia page: Millard Fillmore (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy and historical view
text: Although Fillmore has become something of a cult figure as America's most forgettable chief executive, Smith found him to be "a conscientious president" who chose to honor his oath of office and enforce the Fugitive Slave Act, rather than govern based on his personal preferences.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Walter Johnson was one of eight family members living in Kansas and moving to California, holding several baseball records, including shut outs.
Wikipedia page: Walter Johnson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Walter Johnson was the second of six children (Effie, Leslie, Earl, Blanche) born to Frank Edwin Johnson (1861–1921) and Minnie Olive Perry (1867–1967) on a rural farm four miles west of Humboldt, Kansas.
section_header: Playing career
text: Johnson's record includes 110 shutouts, the most in baseball history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ruth Benedict's father died in 1890 due to a disease.
Wikipedia page: Ruth Benedict (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood
text: Although Mr. Fulton loved his work and research, it eventually led to his premature death, as he acquired an unknown disease during one of his surgeries in 1888.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A Study in Scarlet is the first piece of fiction that incorporates the story of Sherlock and Watson.
Wikipedia page: A Study in Scarlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story marks the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, who would become the most famous detective duo in popular fiction.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current and it only depends on the material the object is made out of.
Wikipedia page: Electrical resistance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The nature of a material is not the only factor in resistance and conductance, however; it also depends on the size and shape of an object because these properties are extensive rather than intensive.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Britney is referred to as the "Princess of Pop".
Wikipedia page: Britney Spears (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Referred to as the "Princess of Pop", Spears was credited as one of the "driving force[s] behind the return of teen pop in the late 1990s".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nolan Ryan lives in Crawford, Texas on his ranch and sells the meat from his cattle.
Wikipedia page: Nolan Ryan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Nolan Ryan resides in the Cimarron Hills community in Georgetown, Texas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Momentum is another way to refer to mass.
Wikipedia page: Momentum (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Generalized
text: To distinguish it from generalized momentum, the product of mass and velocity is also referred to as mechanical, kinetic or kinematic momentum.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Bush Intercontinental Airport was bought in 1967 and was to replace another airport in Dallas, Texas.
Wikipedia page: George Bush Intercontinental Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: A group of Houston businessmen purchased the site for Bush Intercontinental Airport in 1957 to preserve it until the city of Houston could formulate a plan for a new airport as a replacement for William P. Hobby Airport (at the time known as Houston International Airport).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bulgaria is located in Romania.
Wikipedia page: Bulgaria (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Ives was a musician and his father was in the Civil War.
Wikipedia page: Charles Ives (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives (August 3, 1845 – November 4, 1894), a U.S. Army bandleader in the American Civil War, and his wife, Mary Elizabeth (Parmelee) Ives (January 2, 1849 or 1850 – January 25, 1929).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Heathrow Airport in London is actually owned by a German holdings company.
Wikipedia page: Heathrow Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Operations | Regulation
text: The airport has been criticised in recent years for overcrowding and delays; according to Heathrow Airport Holdings, Heathrow's facilities were originally designed to accommodate 55 million passengers annually.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Garfield ran for Congress and won in 1862.
Wikipedia page: James A. Garfield (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Education, marriage and early career
text: Garfield later said of his childhood, "I lament that I was born to poverty, and in this chaos of childhood, seventeen years passed before I caught any inspiration ... a precious 17 years when a boy with a father and some wealth might have become fixed in manly ways." At Geauga Academy, which he attended from 1848 to 1850, Garfield learned academic subjects for which he had not previously had time.
section_header: Summary
text: He was first elected to Congress in 1862 to represent Ohio's 19th district.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Cabot was a French traveler.
Wikipedia page: John Cabot (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto [dʒoˈvanni kaˈbɔːto]; c. 1450 – c. 1500) was an Italian navigator and explorer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Keefe had 2 nicknames that he was referred to as.
Wikipedia page: Tim Keefe (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Timothy John Keefe (January 1, 1857 – April 23, 1933), nicknamed "Smiling Tim" and "Sir Timothy", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Niekro passed away in 2010.
Wikipedia page: Phil Niekro (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed "Knucksie", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William H. Seward always hated the man that was made chief executive instead of him.
Wikipedia page: William H. Seward (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | Relationship with Lincoln
text: Seward had mixed feelings about the man who had blocked him from the presidency.
section_header: Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | Relationship with Lincoln
text: The President is the best of us, but he needs constant and assiduous cooperation." According to Goodwin, "Seward would become his most faithful ally in the cabinet ... Seward's mortification at not having received his party's nomination never fully abated, but he no longer felt compelled to belittle Lincoln to ease his pain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Uber's headquarters are in New York.
Wikipedia page: Uber (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The company is based in San Francisco and has operations in over 785 metropolitan areas worldwide.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Women in Sparta were not equal to men.
Wikipedia page: Sparta (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Spartan women also enjoyed considerably more rights and equality with men than elsewhere in classical antiquity.
Verdict: REFUTES