tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Leonard Bernstein grew up in a Russian family.
Wikipedia page: Leonard Bernstein (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was born Louis Bernstein in Lawrence, Massachusetts, the son of Ukrainian Jewish parents Jennie (née Resnick) and Samuel Joseph Bernstein, a hairdressing supplies wholesaler originating from Rovno (now Ukraine).His family spent their summers at their vacation home in Sharon, Massachusetts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Shakespeare was a glover and was married with three children .
Wikipedia page: William Shakespeare (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: William Shakespeare was the son of John Shakespeare, an alderman and a successful glover (glove-maker) originally from Snitterfield, and Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowning farmer.
section_header: Summary
text: At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna and twins Hamnet and Judith.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Emperor Jimmu was born on February 14, 711 BC.
Wikipedia page: Emperor Jimmu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Name and title
text: According to the legendary account in the Kojiki, Emperor Jimmu was born on February 13, 711 BC (the first day of the first month of the Chinese calendar), and died, again according to legend, on April 9, 585 BC (the eleventh day of the third month).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The musical the film Chicago was based on was based in its turn on two women who were partners in bank robberies until one turned the other in.
Wikipedia page: Chicago (2002 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production and development
text: The original production's musical numbers were staged as vaudeville acts; the film respects this but presents them as cutaway scenes in the mind of the Roxie character, while scenes in "real life" are filmed with a hard-edged grittiness. (This construct is the reason given by director Marshall why "Class," performed by Velma and Mama, was cut from the film.) The musical itself was based on a 1926 Broadway play by Maurine Watkins about two real-life Jazz-era murderers Beulah Annan (Roxie Hart) and Belva Gaertner (Velma Kelly).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The company's logo was the official jersey sponsor of Finland's national basketball at EuroBasket 2015
Wikipedia page: Microsoft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Corporate identity | Sponsorship
text: Microsoft logo history The company was the official jersey sponsor of Finland's national basketball team at EuroBasket 2015.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Palace of Westminster towers above the Victory WWI gardens and is the most visited tourist city of Manchester, London.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Westminster (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Informally known as the Houses of Parliament after its occupants, the Palace lies on the north bank of the River Thames in the City of Westminster, in central London, England.
section_header: Exterior | Grounds
text: Victoria Tower Gardens is open as a public park along the side of the river south of the palace.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nitrogen is the heaviest out of the pnictogens.
Wikipedia page: Nitrogen (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nitrogen is the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The entire band has come out against the idea of helping the less fortunate, which is seen outside of China as a method of government propaganda to promote the CCP's communist ideals.
Wikipedia page: Exo (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Other ventures | Philanthropy
text: Since its debut, Exo members have been involved in charity, such as volunteering for and making personal donations to organizations including childcare centers, the Korea Childhood Leukemia Foundation, Siheung Women's Resources Development Center, and China's Hunan province medical services.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ronald Fermi discovered Fermi's interaction during what he considered a failed experiment.
Wikipedia page: Weak interaction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Violation of symmetry
text: The results of an experiment viewed via a mirror were expected to be identical to the results of a mirror-reflected copy of the experimental apparatus.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The name of the group Nematoda is the understanding of a one-celled animal phylum.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Anatomy
text: Projections run from the inner surface of muscle cells towards the nerve cords; this is a unique arrangement in the animal kingdom, in which nerve cells normally extend fibers into the muscles rather than vice versa.
section_header: Summary
text: They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kenny Rogers, the musician, sold millions of albums and  a Hall of Famer.
Wikipedia page: Kenny Rogers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2013.
section_header: Summary
text: He sold over 100 million records worldwide during his lifetime, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The sole compositions of Niccolò Paganini were very inspired by the progression of the violin technique.
Wikipedia page: Niccolò Paganini (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Compositions
text: Paganini composed his own works to play exclusively in his concerts, all of which profoundly influenced the evolution of violin technique.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dmitry Kabalevsky was a teacher and composer who focused much of his energy on making music accessible for kids and young adults.
Wikipedia page: Dmitry Kabalevsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life
text: However, his biggest contribution to the world of music-making was his consistent effort to connect children to music.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frank Chance did not get picked to join the HOF the first time.
Wikipedia page: Frank Chance (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Honors
text: After falling short of induction in the Baseball Hall of Fame by seven votes in 1945, Chance was elected to the Hall of Fame in the 1946 balloting by the Veterans Committee.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: All of the prime Indian relgions use the word Nirvana since it talks about extreme peace.
Wikipedia page: Nirvana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins
text: It refers to the profound peace of mind that is acquired with moksha, liberation from samsara, or release from a state of suffering, after respective spiritual practice or sādhanā.
section_header: Origins
text: Nirvāṇa is a term found in the texts of all major Indian religions – Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism and Sikhism.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Antonio Vivaldi led an all-female orchestra in Venice.
Wikipedia page: Antonio Vivaldi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | At the Ospedale della Pietà
text: The girls received a musical education, and the most talented among them stayed and became members of the Ospedale's renowned orchestra and choir.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the Iron Heel novel, the author used a foretelling sequence to let the reader know the ending before getting into the lives of the characters in the book.
Wikipedia page: The Iron Heel (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Meredith's introduction also acts as a deliberate "spoiler" (the term did not yet exist at the time of writing).
section_header: Plot summary
text: From the perspective of Everhard, the imminent Second Revolt is sure to succeed but from Meredith's frame story, the reader knows that Ernest Everhard's hopes would go unfulfilled until centuries after his death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ode on a Grecian Urn is a limerick.
Wikipedia page: Ode on a Grecian Urn (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Ode on a Grecian Urn" is a poem written by the English Romantic poet John Keats in May 1819, first published anonymously in Annals of the Fine Arts for 1819 (see 1820 in poetry).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hernando de Soto grew up in a humble family.
Wikipedia page: Hernando de Soto (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Hernando de Soto was born in Extremadura, Spain, to parents who were both hidalgos, nobility of modest means.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hurt Locker was filmed in Turkey.
Wikipedia page: The Hurt Locker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: The film was shot in Jordan, within miles of the Iraqi border, to achieve Bigelow's goal of authenticity.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pope Pius IX was pope for more time than any other pope in history.
Wikipedia page: Pope Pius IX (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Last years and death
text: Pope Pius IX died on 7 February 1878, aged 85, concluding the longest pontificate in papal history, after that of Saint Peter, whom tradition holds had reigned for 37 years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There were twenty fatalities during an airplane accident near Rikers in the 50s.
Wikipedia page: Rikers Island prison (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Notable events
text: In 1957, Northeast Airlines Flight 823 crashed onto Rikers Island shortly after departing LaGuardia Airport, killing 20 and injuring 78 out of a total of 95 passengers and 6 crew.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Fox grew up as Evangelical.
Wikipedia page: Megan Fox (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She was raised "very strictly Pentecostal", but later attended Catholic school for 12 years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dian Fossey published three articles in the "Courier" newspaper detailing her trips to Africa.
Wikipedia page: Dian Fossey (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Interest in Africa
text: She published three articles in The Courier-Journal newspaper, detailing her visit to Africa.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vega is the least bright star in the sky.
Wikipedia page: Vega (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the fifth-brightest star in the night sky, and the second-brightest star in the northern celestial hemisphere, after Arcturus.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: New York City is divided into six different boroughs.
Wikipedia page: New York City (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Boroughs
text: New York City is sometimes referred to collectively as the Five Boroughs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cnidaria are not as complicated as most other animals, physiologically speaking.
Wikipedia page: Cnidaria (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Distinguishing features
text: Cnidarians form a phylum of animal that are more complex than sponges, about as complex as ctenophores (comb jellies), and less complex than bilaterians, which include almost all other animals.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mildred Pierce is a 1941 novel about a mother who has a nervous breakdown and attempts to asphyxiate her daughter, Veda, because of her betrayal with the step father.
Wikipedia page: Mildred Pierce (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Mildred snaps, brutally attacking and strangling her daughter, who now appears incapable of singing and loses her singing contract.
section_header: Plot
text: She finds Veda in bed with her stepfather.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Defiant Ones film earned a total $2.5 million in the United States and overseas.
Wikipedia page: The Defiant Ones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: It ultimately made a profit of $1 million.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The buiding has a number of 57 elevators and 8 escalators.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It contains a total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frost wrote the poem, The Death of the Hired Man, the day before he had it published with some of his other works in 1914.
Wikipedia page: The Death of the Hired Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Although it was first published in 1914 with other Frost poetry in the North of Boston collection, critic Harold Bloom notes that the poem was written in 1905 or 1906.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Despite being famous, the Coming Home did not receive any reward.
Wikipedia page: Coming Home (1978 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film received various awards and nominations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cool Papa Bell had six siblings.
Wikipedia page: Cool Papa Bell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: The 1910 U.S. Census shows him as the fourth of seven children living with his widowed mother, Mary Nichols, in Sessums Township, just outside Starkville.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Darius I, the third Persian King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, had his deeds written on a rock.
Wikipedia page: Darius I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He had the cliff-face Behistun Inscription carved to record his conquests, an important testimony of the Old Persian language.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chester's wife passed away before he ran for president.
Wikipedia page: Chester A. Arthur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: New York politician | Clash with Hayes
text: Arthur and the machine had rebuked Hayes and their intra-party rivals, but Arthur had only a few days to enjoy his triumph when, on January 12, 1880, his wife died suddenly while he was in Albany organizing the political agenda for the coming year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In Cold Blood is a fictional book based two killers and their victims.
Wikipedia page: In Cold Blood (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Cold Blood is a non-fiction novel by American author Truman Capote, first published in 1966; it details the 1959 murders of four members of the Herbert Clutter family in the small farming community of Holcomb, Kansas.
section_header: Coverage and public discussion
text: Inspired by that article, Truman Capote wrote, in 1965 serialized in The New Yorker, and in 1966 published as a "non-fiction novel", titled In Cold Blood, a true-crime book that detailed the murders and trial.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Blyleven is currently retired.
Wikipedia page: Bert Blyleven (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Currently, he is the color commentator for the Minnesota Twins on Fox Sports North.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The death penalty was abolished in Texas.
Wikipedia page: Texas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Government and politics | Criminal law
text: Texas has a reputation of very harsh criminal punishment for criminal offenses.
section_header: Government and politics | Criminal law
text: It is one of the 32 states that practice capital punishment, and since the US Supreme Court allowed capital punishment to resume in 1976, 40% of all US executions have taken place in Texas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: China has a lot of different ethnic groups.
Wikipedia page: China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Ethnic groups
text: China legally recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, who altogether comprise the Zhonghua Minzu.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A two dimensional triangle's inside corners must add to one-hundred eighty degrees without exception.
Wikipedia page: Triangle (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Basic facts
text: The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a triangle in Euclidean space is always 180 degrees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Marshall's wife, Polly, died right after him.
Wikipedia page: John Marshall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: His body was returned to Richmond and buried next to Polly's in Shockoe Hill Cemetery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gabby Hartnett was a coach and a minor league manager for five seasons in his retirement in Illinois after playing professional baseball on four pennant winning teams.
Wikipedia page: Gabby Hartnett (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After his playing career, he continued his involvement in baseball as a coach and as a minor league manager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Yankee Doodle Dandy was a big success for its media company.
Wikipedia page: Yankee Doodle Dandy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film was a major hit for Warner Brothers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Tokugawa shogunate is sometimes called Edo in Japanese.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa shogunate (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Tokugawa shogunate (徳川幕府, Tokugawa bakufu), also known, especially in Japanese, as the Edo shogunate (江戸幕府, Edo bakufu), was the feudal military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1868.The
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Whiskey Rebellion caused president George Washington's administration to get rid or the tax law.
Wikipedia page: Whiskey Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The whiskey tax was repealed in the early 1800s during the Jefferson administration.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Michael Faraday was divorced.
Wikipedia page: Michael Faraday (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Adult life
text: They had no children. Faraday was a devout Christian; his Sandemanian denomination was an offshoot of the Church of Scotland.
section_header: Personal life | Adult life
text: Well after his marriage, he served as deacon and for two terms as an elder in the meeting house of his youth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Conrad's Heart of Darkness begins with the protagonist telling his friends in Africa what London is like.
Wikipedia page: Heart of Darkness (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Aboard the Nellie, anchored in the River Thames near Gravesend, Charles Marlow tells his fellow sailors how he became captain of a river steamboat for an ivory trading company.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vampire Diaries shares several plot points with another, more sparkly, vampire series.
Wikipedia page: The Vampire Diaries (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: Initially, Kevin Williamson had little interest in developing the series, finding the premise too similar to Stephenie Meyer's successful novels, Twilight.
section_header: Series overview
text: It follows the life of Elena Gilbert (Nina Dobrev), a teenage girl who has just lost both parents in a car accident, as she falls in love with a 162-year-old vampire named Stefan Salvatore (Paul Wesley).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ritiferas eat cells from animals.
Wikipedia page: Rotifera (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Feeding
text: Rotifers eat particulate organic detritus, dead bacteria, algae, and protozoans.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Close to 130 million people live in Mexico.
Wikipedia page: Mexico (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mexico covers 1,972,550 square kilometers (761,610 sq mi) and has approximately 128,649,565 inhabitants, making it the world's 13th-largest country by area, 10th-most populous country, and most populous Spanish-speaking nation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stapleton had two children.
Wikipedia page: Maureen Stapleton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and death
text: She had a son, Daniel, and a daughter, Katherine, by her first husband.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Twelfth Night was wrote by a famous author and is not a drama.
Wikipedia page: Twelfth Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Twelfth Night, or What You Will is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–1602 as a Twelfth Night's entertainment for the close of the Christmas season.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joplin's most famous composition was called "Falling Leaves".
Wikipedia page: Scott Joplin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: One of his first and most popular pieces, the "Maple Leaf Rag", became ragtime's first and most influential hit, and has been recognized as the archetypal rag.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Archimedes has been killed by a soldier.
Wikipedia page: Archimedes (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse, where he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Awesome Dawson" is a Canadian former professional baseball player with a Hall of Fame plaque who played with the Montreal Expos winning eight awards in Montreal, Canada.
Wikipedia page: Andre Dawson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Andre Nolan Dawson (born July 10, 1954), nicknamed "The Hawk" and "Awesome Dawson", is an American former professional baseball player and inductee into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
section_header: Career | Montreal Expos
text: Dawson, playing primarily center field for the Expos, also became an excellent defensive player, gaining his first of eight Gold Glove Awards in 1980.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: King Lear is about a well adjusted English monarch sensibly splitting up his lands between his daughters and then he sings in the rain.
Wikipedia page: King Lear (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Analysis and criticism | Psychoanalytic and psychosocial interpretations
text: "The tragedy of Lear's lack of understanding of the consequences of his demands and actions is often observed to be like that of a spoiled child, but it has also been noted that his behaviour is equally likely to be seen in parents who have never adjusted to their children having grown up.
section_header: Analysis and criticism | Psychoanalytic and psychosocial interpretations
text: King Lear provides a basis for "the primary enactment of psychic breakdown in English literary history".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Ten Commandments movie has been called the most successful movie ever made.
Wikipedia page: The Ten Commandments (1956 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: According to Guinness World Records, in terms of theatrical exhibition it is the eighth most successful film of all-time when the box office gross is adjusted for inflation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cy Young became a vegetarian after he quit playing baseball.
Wikipedia page: Cy Young (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: In 1910, it was reported that Young was a vegetarian.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miller Huggins's had English roots from his daddy.
Wikipedia page: Miller Huggins (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Huggins was born on April 19, 1879, in Cincinnati, where his father, an Englishman, worked as a grocer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ysaye was known as "The King of the Violin" and many of his family members were musical.
Wikipedia page: Eugène Ysaÿe (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was regarded as "The King of the Violin", or, as Nathan Milstein put it, the "tsar".
section_header: Legend of the Ysaÿe violin
text: Eugène Ysaÿe came from a background of "artisans", though a large part of his family played instruments.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hunger Games books were adapted to film starting in 2010.
Wikipedia page: The Hunger Games (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By the time the film adaptation of The Hunger Games was released in 2012, the publisher had reported over 26 million Hunger Games trilogy books in print, including movie tie-in books.
section_header: Popular culture | Adaptations
text: The first film began production in Spring 2011, and was released in March 2012.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leonard Bernstein honored his grandmother by modifying his name after she died.
Wikipedia page: Leonard Bernstein (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He legally changed his name to Leonard when he was fifteen, shortly after his grandmother's death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The movie An Officer and a Gentleman made $124,000,000 over is $6,000,000 dollar budget.
Wikipedia page: An Officer and a Gentleman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: An Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 American romantic drama film starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger, and Louis Gossett Jr., who won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film, making him the first African American male to do so.
section_header: Summary
text: It also was a financial success, grossing $130 million against a $6 million budget.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Researchers have gained most of their knowledge about Hannibal from Roman texts.
Wikipedia page: Hannibal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Legacy to the ancient world
text: Most of the sources available to historians about Hannibal are from Romans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Cash tried to smuggle drugs from Mexico into the United States.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Cash (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Outlaw image
text: The officers suspected he was smuggling heroin from Mexico, but found instead 688 Dexedrine capsules (amphetamines) and 475 Equanil (sedatives or tranquilizers) tablets that the singer had hidden inside his guitar case.
section_header: Career | Outlaw image
text: On May 11, 1965, he was arrested in Starkville, Mississippi, for trespassing late at night onto private property to pick flowers. (He used this to write the song "Starkville City Jail", which he discussed on his live At San Quentin album.) While on tour that year, he was arrested October 4 in El Paso, Texas, by a narcotics squad.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Elmer Flick got his first baseball job because some of the team didn't make it to an away game.
Wikipedia page: Elmer Flick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: When he was 15 years old, he was at a train station to support the local baseball team as it left for a road trip.
section_header: Early life
text: Only eight of the team's players showed up at the station, so Flick was recruited to go on the trip with the team.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brazil is the sole country in South America which has Portuguese as the official language.
Wikipedia page: Brazil (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world; as well as the most populous Roman Catholic-majority country.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ted Lyons was a professional starting pitcher for 21 MLB seasons with the Boston Red Sox.
Wikipedia page: Ted Lyons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played in 21 MLB seasons, all with the Chicago White Sox.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Travis Jackson played for the Minor Leagues for his whole career.
Wikipedia page: Travis Jackson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Major League Baseball (MLB), Jackson played for the New York Giants from 1922 through 1936, winning the 1933 World Series, and representing the Giants in the MLB All-Star in 1934.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harry Heilmann, nicknamed "Slug", was an American MVP baseball player who lacked speed, and a play-by-play radio announcer for the Tigers.
Wikipedia page: Harry Heilmann (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: From 1934 to 1941, he was play-by-play announcer for the Tigers on station WXYZ and the Michigan Radio Network, covering parts of Michigan located outside metropolitan Detroit, while rival Ty Tyson called games for station WWJ in Detroit exclusively.
section_header: Summary
text: Harry Edwin Heilmann (August 3, 1894 – July 9, 1951), nicknamed "Slug", was an American baseball player and radio announcer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Senator McCarthy's colleagues in the Senate, while not all participating in his witch hunts, approved of his anti-homosexual and anti-communist positions by refusing to bring a vote to the floor of censure.
Wikipedia page: Joe McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: United States Senate | Censure and the Watkins Committee
text: On December 2, 1954, the Senate voted to "condemn" McCarthy on both counts by a vote of 67 to 22.
section_header: Summary
text: On December 2, 1954, the Senate voted to censure Senator McCarthy by a vote of 67–22, making him one of the few senators ever to be disciplined in this fashion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: How I Met Your Mother had over eight seasons and over 208 episodes.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: In January 2013, How I Met Your Mother was renewed for a ninth and final season.
section_header: Summary
text: Among the 208 episodes, there were only four directors: Pamela Fryman (196 episodes), Rob Greenberg (7 episodes), Michael Shea (4 episodes), and Neil Patrick Harris (1 episode).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McDormand was roommates with Stella Kowalski.
Wikipedia page: Frances McDormand (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She was a roommate of actress Holly Hunter while living in New York City.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Singapore is an island city-state that has been peaceful since World War two.
Wikipedia page: Singapore (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Post-war period
text: After the Japanese surrender to the Allies on 15 August 1945, Singapore fell into a brief state of violence and disorder; looting and revenge-killing were widespread.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Glenn Miller is a musician from the United States.
Wikipedia page: Glenn Miller (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – disappeared December 15, 1944) was an American big-band trombonist, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era.
section_header: Civilian band legacy
text: The official Glenn Miller orchestra for the United States is currently under the direction of Nick Hilscher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willie Wells dropped out of college to play baseball.
Wikipedia page: Willie Wells (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He briefly attended Samuel Huston College in Austin before he was called up to the St. Louis team in the NNL.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Ming Dynasty was the first dynasty.
Wikipedia page: Ming Dynasty (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ming dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by Han Chinese.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jonny Greenwood had scored another movie previous to his soundtrack work for There Will Be Blood.
Wikipedia page: There Will Be Blood (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Music
text: Anderson had been a fan of Radiohead's music and was impressed with Jonny Greenwood's scoring of the film Bodysong.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McDormand and her husband Joel Coen adopted a child from Ecuador.
Wikipedia page: Frances McDormand (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: In 1995, they adopted a son from Paraguay, Pedro McDormand Coen, when he was six months old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: ATP is the main energy source for cells.
Wikipedia page: Adenosine triphosphate (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound and hydrotrope that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, e.g. muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Catch-22 is an American novel Joseph Mengele and is set during World War ll about a U.S. Army Air Force pilot.
Wikipedia page: Catch-22 (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It mainly follows the life of antihero Captain John Yossarian, a U.S. Army Air Forces B-25 bombardier.
section_header: Summary
text: Catch-22 is a satirical war novel by American author Joseph Heller.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ode to the West Wind was originally a lecture.
Wikipedia page: Ode to the West Wind (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure
text: The poem "Ode to the West Wind" consists of five sections (cantos) written in terza rima.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Adrian Willaert was no less remarkable as the founder of a learning institute in Vienna as he was a writer of music scores who traveled to Paris, Rome, and Hungary.
Wikipedia page: Adriaan Willaert (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Musical style and influence
text: Willaert was no less distinguished as a teacher than as a composer.
section_header: Life
text: Sometime around 1515 Willaert first went to Rome.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Seattle has a low rate of LGBT residents.
Wikipedia page: Seattle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Today, Seattle has high populations of Native, Scandinavian, Asian American, African American, as well as a thriving LGBT community that ranks 6th in the United States for population.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: World War l was started after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand in 1914 and was called the war to end all wars.
Wikipedia page: World War I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis.
section_header: Summary
text: Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Veeck had intention to purchase the Phillies in 1943 and fill it with players from the Negro League which was very far ahead of his time.
Wikipedia page: Bill Veeck (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Attempted purchase of Philadelphia Phillies
text: While on his way to Philadelphia to close on the purchase, Veeck decided to alert MLB Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis of his intentions.
section_header: Franchise owner | Major League Baseball | Attempted purchase of Philadelphia Phillies
text: He later wrote in his memoirs that he intended to buy the Phillies and stock the team's roster with stars from the Negro Leagues.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bon Jovi started as a group in Ohio.
Wikipedia page: Bon Jovi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Bon Jovi is an American rock band formed in 1983 in Sayreville, New Jersey.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Selena Gomez is a Texan.
Wikipedia page: Selena Gomez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Selena Marie Gomez (born July 22, 1992) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and television producer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vietnam is bordered by three countries.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Vietnam shares its land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lyft was originally founded in 2007 but did not take off until 2013.
Wikipedia page: Lyft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Lyft was launched in the summer of 2012 by computer programmers Logan Green and John Zimmer as a service of Zimride, a long-distance intercity carpooling company they founded in 2007.Green had the inspiration for Zimride after sharing rides from the University of California, Santa Barbara campus to visit his girlfriend in Los Angeles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 1968, Freddie Mercury and his family fled from India to escape the violence of the revolution.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Mercury (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: In 1964, Mercury and his family fled from Zanzibar to escape the violence of the revolution against the Sultan of Zanzibar and his mainly Arab government, in which thousands of ethnic Arabs and Indians were killed.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Threepenny Opera's most famous song was added at the last minute.
Wikipedia page: The Threepenny Opera (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | "Mack the Knife"
text: The work's opening and closing lament, "Die Moritat von Mackie Messer", was written just before the Berlin premiere, when actor Harald Paulsen (Macheath) threatened to quit if his character did not receive an introduction; this creative emergency resulted in what would become the work's most popular song, later translated into English by Marc Blitzstein as "Mack the Knife" and now a jazz standard that Louis Armstrong, Bobby Darin, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Michael Bublé, Robbie Williams, Ray Quinn, and countless others have covered.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leo Durocher's wife wrote a short story about being wooed by a semi-pro ballplayer.
Wikipedia page: Leo Durocher (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Managing | Managerial career
text: In the 1950s, Day hosted a radio program called Day with the Giants, and later authored a book by the same title describing the life of a manager's wife.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The liver in humans breaks down red blood cells.
Wikipedia page: Liver (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its other roles in metabolism include the regulation of glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, and the production of hormones.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Watership Down is a novel that is set in New Zealand.
Wikipedia page: Watership Down (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in southern England, around Hampshire, the story features a small group of rabbits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Zoo Story took less than a month to write.
Wikipedia page: The Zoo Story (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His first play, it was written in 1958 and completed in just three weeks.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 1818, Lincoln's mother died of calcium deficiency when he was 9.
Wikipedia page: Abraham Lincoln (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Family and childhood | Mother's death
text: On October 5, 1818, Nancy Lincoln succumbed to milk sickness, leaving 11-year-old Sarah in charge of a household including her father, 9-year-old Abraham, and Nancy's 19-year-old orphan cousin, Dennis Hanks.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gabby Hartnett had 13 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Gabby Hartnett (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Early life
text: Hartnett was born in Woonsocket, Rhode Island as the eldest of 14 children.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cole Porter's last score was a CBS television production of Aladdin just 6 years before his death.
Wikipedia page: Cole Porter (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Last years
text: Porter died of kidney failure on October 15, 1964, in Santa Monica, California, at the age of 73.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Edith Norma Shearer's film career lasted for 30 years.
Wikipedia page: Norma Shearer (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Edith Norma Shearer (August 10, 1902 – June 12, 1983) was a Canadian-American actress who was active on film from 1919 through 1942.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The small nation of Tasmania is Australia's closest neighboring country.
Wikipedia page: Australia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A few intestinal nematodes can cause diseases affecting human beings.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Epidemiology
text: A number of intestinal nematodes cause diseases affecting human beings, including ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm disease.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Since the time he was born Philip Glass wrote for me 12 orchestra  symphonies, 11 soloist concertos, 10 string quartets, and a lot of other pieces in the 20th century.
Wikipedia page: Philip Glass (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has written numerous operas and musical theatre works, twelve symphonies, eleven concertos, eight string quartets and various other chamber music, and film scores.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Frank Grant had a second career selling automobiles after he finished playing baseball.
Wikipedia page: Frank Grant (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: He lived a quiet life as a waiter for a catering company.
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: After his baseball career, Grant's name rarely appeared in the press.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The company headquarters are in Reston, Virginia.
Wikipedia page: Verisign (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Verisign Inc. is an American company based in Reston, Virginia, United States that operates a diverse array of network infrastructure, including two of the Internet's thirteen root nameservers, the authoritative registry for the .com, .net, and .name generic top-level domains and the .cc
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sunny Leone is a dual citizen to Canada and the U.S.
Wikipedia page: Sunny Leone (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She has Canadian and American citizenship.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cuyler's first name is Hazen.
Wikipedia page: Kiki Cuyler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hazen Shirley Cuyler (; August 30, 1898 – February 11, 1950), nicknamed  Kiki, was an American professional baseball right fielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: New York grew in importance as a trading port under Spanish rule in the early 1700s, and became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730.
Wikipedia page: New York City (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | British colony
text: It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, the highest percentage outside Charleston, South Carolina.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Babe Ruth was known as a great hitter but he was also a pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Babe Ruth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ruth established many MLB batting (and some pitching) records, including career home runs (714),
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed "The Bambino" and "The Sultan of Swat", he began his MLB career as a star left-handed pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, but achieved his greatest fame as a slugging outfielder for the New York Yankees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There is a TV series filmed in the 2010s about Gravity's Rainbow.
Wikipedia page: Gravity's Rainbow (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural influence | Adaptations
text: The 2011 film Impolex by Alex Ross Perry is loosely inspired by Gravity's Rainbow, the title referring to the fictional polymer Imipolex G used to condition Slothrop in the novel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Many of the Europeans who visited China or Monglia in the 13th and 14th centuries mentioned the Great Wall.
Wikipedia page: Great Wall of China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Foreign accounts
text: None of the Europeans who visited China or Mongolia in the 13th and 14th centuries, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, William of Rubruck, Marco Polo, Odoric of Pordenone and Giovanni de' Marignolli, mentioned the Great Wall.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1957 film Sayonara was a war epic about best friends surviving the Korean War.
Wikipedia page: Sayonara (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Unlike most 1950s romantic dramas, Sayonara deals squarely with racism and prejudice.
section_header: Summary
text: The picture tells the story of an American Air Force fighter pilot during the Korean War who falls in love with a famous Japanese dancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Allez Paris-Saint-Germain!" is the anthem for the Paris Saint-Germain Football Club.
Wikipedia page: Paris Saint-Germain F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Identity | Anthems and mottos
text: It then became the club's official anthem in 1977.
section_header: Identity | Anthems and mottos
text: "Allez Paris-Saint-Germain!" was initially a chant sung by PSG supporters during games.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The filming staff and some of the actors in the 1980 film, Fame, did not like the way Alan Parker wanted scenes illuminated, and complained until he was denied his ability to utilize vapor produced by burning thing where they were being filmed.
Wikipedia page: Fame (1980 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: During filming, the crew and several cast members objected to cinematographer Michael Seresin and camera operator John Stanier's European style of single-source lighting, which involved the use of incense burners.
section_header: Production | Filming
text: In response, representatives of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE) halted the production, and forbade Parker from using smoke on the set.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: To Kill a Mockingbird has been voted by Brits as a book that people should pick up before they traverse through the entire story of the old and new testament.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: France is known to have the oldest traces of human life and over 40% of the population has no religion.
Wikipedia page: France (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Religion
text: According to a survey held in 2016 by Institut Montaigne and Institut français d'opinion publique (IFOP), 51.1% of the total population of France was Christian, 39.6% had no religion (atheism or agnosticism), 5.6% were Muslims, 2.5% were followers of other faiths, and the remaining 0.4% were undecided about their faith.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Apollo 13 received a high rating.
Wikipedia page: Apollo 13 (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Reception
text: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film has an overall approval rating of 96%, based on 92 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 8.17/10.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hartnett was referred to as "Old Tomato Face" sometimes in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Gabby Hartnett (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Charles Leo "Gabby" Hartnett (December 20, 1900 – December 20, 1972), nicknamed "Old Tomato Face", was an American professional baseball player and manager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bale's mother was a stewardess.
Wikipedia page: Christian Bale (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Bale was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, the son of Jenny (née James), a circus performer, and David Bale, an entrepreneur, commercial pilot and talent manager.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fidel Castro only had male children.
Wikipedia page: Fidel Castro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal and public life | Family, friends, and extramarital affairs
text: Fidel had another daughter, Francisca Pupo (born 1953), the result of a one-night affair.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton that did not receive any public reviews until 1821.
Wikipedia page: Mansfield Park (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel did not receive any public reviews until 1821.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Enthalpy is a property of a thermodynamic system.
Wikipedia page: Enthalpy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Enthalpy  (listen) is a property of a thermodynamic system, that is a convenient state function preferred in many measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems at a constant pressure.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Electric current is the symbolized by the letter M.
Wikipedia page: Electric current (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Symbol
text: The conventional symbol for current is I, which originates from the French phrase intensité du courant, (current intensity).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 53rd Disney animated feature film , Frozen, is the ninth-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing animated film, and the highest-grossing 2013 film inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's 1844 fairy tale "The Snow Queen".
Wikipedia page: Frozen (2013 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The 53rd Disney animated feature film
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Jew of Malta was not immediately successful.
Wikipedia page: The Jew of Malta (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Performance and reception
text: It was considered a successful production at the time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Doctor John Dolittle is the central character of a series of children's books by Hugh Lofting and would be a vet if he were not a physician with a speaking mouse and other fictional characters.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Dolittle (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is a physician who shuns human patients in favour of animals, with whom he can speak in their own languages.
section_header: Summary
text: The animal team includes Polynesia (a parrot), Gub-Gub (a pig), Jip (a dog), Dab-Dab (a goose), Chee-Chee (a monkey), Too-Too (an owl), the Pushmi-pullyu, and a white mouse later named simply "Whitey".
Verdict: SUPPORTS