tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Charles Edward Ives's dad was in the military.
Wikipedia page: Charles Ives (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives was born in Danbury, Connecticut, on October 20, 1874, the son of George (Edward) Ives (August 3, 1845 – November 4, 1894), a U.S. Army bandleader in the American Civil War, and his wife, Mary Elizabeth (Parmelee) Ives (January 2, 1849 or 1850 – January 25, 1929).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Persians is the  only story remaining from a trilogy.
Wikipedia page: The Persians (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the second and only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy that won the first prize at the dramatic competitions in Athens' City Dionysia festival in 472 BC, with Pericles serving as choregos.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film, A Passage to India, is based on a 1960 play and the film is about  girl being arranged to her suitor but marries her assaulter instead.
Wikipedia page: A Passage to India (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In court, Adela is questioned by the prosecution; it becomes clear to her that her earlier signed accusation of attempted rape was incorrect and she recants.
section_header: Plot
text: Aziz eventually reconciles with Fielding, and Aziz writes to Adela asking her to forgive him for taking so long to come to appreciate the courage she exercised when she withdrew her accusation in court.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Prior to his political career, Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji  tried to become an actor.
Wikipedia page: Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji (born Leon Dudley Sorabji; 14 August 1892 – 15 October 1988) was an English composer, music critic, pianist and writer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The original work that popularized Daniel Boone as a folk hero was composed mostly of blatant lies regarding the man's personality, and was later edited to be less blatant, but still patently untrue.
Wikipedia page: Daniel Boone (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural legacy | Emergence as a legend
text: However, because the real Boone was a man of few words, Filson invented florid, philosophical dialogue for this "autobiography".
section_header: Cultural legacy | Emergence as a legend
text: Subsequent editors cut some of these passages and replaced them with more plausible—but still spurious—ones.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The writer of Le Morte d'Arthur is widely known as the one and only 'Sir Thomas Malory'.
Wikipedia page: Le Morte d'Arthur (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Authorship
text: The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of "Sir Thomas Malory" in the late 15th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rickey was referred to as "Man of Plates".
Wikipedia page: Rickey Henderson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed the "Man of Steal", he is widely regarded as baseball's greatest leadoff hitter and baserunner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The first novel in the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone has been translated into over a hundred languages.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It has been translated into at least 73 other languages, and has been made into a feature-length film of the same name, as have all six of its sequels.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film Les Pames de M. Schutz, Marie Curie was played by Zofia Curie.
Wikipedia page: Maria Skłodowska-Curie (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Honours, tributes
text: In the film, Marie Curie was played by Isabelle Huppert.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Whitey Ford was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974 after being a a ten-time MLB All-Star and six-time World Series champion.
Wikipedia page: Whitey Ford (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ford is a ten-time MLB All-Star and six-time World Series champion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first episode aired in 2007.
Wikipedia page: The Big Bang Theory (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: The show's pilot episode premiered on September 24, 2007.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Name of the Rose is set in medieval Italy.
Wikipedia page: The Name of the Rose (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco.
section_header: Summary
text: It is a historical murder mystery set in an Italian monastery in the year 1327, and an intellectual mystery combining semiotics in fiction, biblical analysis, medieval studies, and literary theory.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Yearling was the best-selling book in the US in 1938.
Wikipedia page: The Yearling (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was the best-selling novel in America in 1938 and the seventh-best in 1939.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Haiti was the 1st country in Latin America and the Caribbean to gain independence.
Wikipedia page: Haiti (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After 12 years of conflict, Napoleon Bonaparte's forces were defeated by Louverture's successor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines (later Emperor Jacques I), who declared Haiti's sovereignty on 1 January 1804—the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean, the second republic in the Americas, the first country to abolish slavery, and the only state in history established by a successful slave revolt.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Albert "Al" Kaline was nicknamed "Mr. October" and played for Florida South College.
Wikipedia page: Al Kaline (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Albert William Kaline ( KAY-line; December 19, 1934 – April 6, 2020), nicknamed "Mr. Tiger", was an American professional baseball right fielder who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: West Side Story went 11 for 11 at the Academy Awards.
Wikipedia page: West Side Story (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Films
text: It received the most Academy Awards (10 wins) of any musical film, including Best Picture.
section_header: Films
text: The film won ten Academy Awards in its eleven nominated categories, including Best Picture.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The castle is visited most often by tourists in the fall during Bavaria's Oktoberfest celebrations.
Wikipedia page: Neuschwanstein Castle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Tourism
text: In the peak season from June until August, Neuschwanstein has as many as 6,000 visitors per day, and guests without advance reservation may have to wait several hours.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The band Linkin Park stopped performing after their singer passed away.
Wikipedia page: Linkin Park (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Linkin Park went on a hiatus when longtime lead vocalist Bennington died by suicide in July 2017.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a French Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831 has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times.
Wikipedia page: The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel has been described as a key text in French literature and has been adapted for film over a dozen times, as well as numerous television and stage adaptations, such as a 1923 silent film with Lon Chaney, a 1939 sound film with Charles Laughton, and a 1996 Disney animated film.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2019, West stated that he has bipolar disorder.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Mental health
text: In a 2019 interview with David Letterman, West stated he has bipolar disorder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first showing was in France.
Wikipedia page: The Bald Soprano (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicolas Bataille directed the premiere on 11 May 1950 at the Théâtre des Noctambules, Paris.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gustav Mahler was one of the best leader of orchestras of his time and had 13 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Gustav Mahler (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Gustav Mahler (German: [ˈmaːlɐ]; 7 July 1860 – 18 May 1911) was an Austro-Bohemian Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation.
section_header: Biography | Early life | Family background
text: In the following year Marie gave birth to the first of the couple's 14 children, a son Isidor, who died in infancy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith's father served in the army causing him to move around a lot as a child.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: While the family lived in Mobile, his father worked as a sandblaster at Brookley Air Force Base.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lyft is the 1st biggest ride-share company in the US.
Wikipedia page: Lyft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lyft is the second-largest ridesharing company in the United States with a 28% market share after Uber, according to Second Measure.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Man in Full was the author's 3rd book to be released.
Wikipedia page: A Man in Full (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Man in Full is the second novel by Tom Wolfe, published on November 12, 1998, by Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thanks to his wealth, his father tried to buy an MLB franchise.
Wikipedia page: Mike Piazza (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood
text: Vince Piazza earned a fortune of more than $100 million in used cars and real estate, and attempted several times to purchase an MLB franchise.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Seagull is a romantic play.
Wikipedia page: The Seagull (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It dramatises the romantic and artistic conflicts between four characters: the famous middlebrow story writer Boris Trigorin, the ingenue Nina, the fading actress Irina Arkadina, and her son the symbolist playwright Konstantin Treplyov.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Glenn Miller disappeared in 1945.
Wikipedia page: Glenn Miller (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – disappeared December 15, 1944) was an American big-band trombonist, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era.
section_header: Disappearance
text: Miller's disappearance was not made public until December 24, 1944, when the Associated Press announced Miller would not be conducting the scheduled BBC-broadcast "AEF Christmas Show" the following day; the band's deputy leader Tech.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The manifesto was written to make it seem reasonable for the US to buy Cuba from the Spaniards.
Wikipedia page: Ostend Manifesto (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ostend Manifesto, also known as the Ostend Circular, was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused.
section_header: Summary
text: The Ostend Manifesto proposed a shift in foreign policy, justifying the use of force to seize Cuba in the name of national security.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jones has never been married.
Wikipedia page: Chipper Jones (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: The couple married in 1992 and divorced in 2000, after it was revealed that Jones had an 18-month extramarital affair with a Hooters waitress that produced a son, Matthew, born in 1998.He married Sharon Logonov in March 2000 in Pierson, Florida.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Washington Monument was the tallest structure when it was built.
Wikipedia page: Washington Monument (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Overtaking the Cologne Cathedral, it was the tallest structure in the world between 1884 and 1889, after which it was overtaken by the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Antony and Cleopatra may likely be a continuation of the story about Julius Caesar.
Wikipedia page: Antony and Cleopatra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: All that can be said with certainty is that it is a Roman play, and perhaps even a sequel to another of Shakespeare's tragedies, Julius Caesar.
section_header: Summary
text: Antony and Cleopatra (First Folio title: The Tragedie of Anthonie, and Cleopatra) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Naismith had 6 children with his wife.
Wikipedia page: James Naismith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: The couple had five children: Margaret Mason (Stanley) (1895–1976), Helen Carolyn (Dodd) (1897–1980), John Edwin (1900–1986), Maude Ann (Dawe) (1904–1972), and James Sherman (1913–1980).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gentleman's Agreement has been controversial.
Wikipedia page: Gentleman's Agreement (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The movie was controversial in its day, as was a similar film on the same subject, Crossfire, which was released the same year (though that film was originally a story about homophobia, later changed to anti-Semitism).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Clarke played for two teams during his professional career.
Wikipedia page: Fred Clarke (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Hall of Famer, Clarke played for and managed both the Louisville Colonels and Pittsburgh Pirates.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film opened with mostly negative critiques.
Wikipedia page: No Longer At Ease (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: "No Longer at Ease" debuted to largely positive reviews.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sound and the Fury is a short story.
Wikipedia page: The Sound and the Fury (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Chinese technology company Huawei has stated they have cooperated with the government to spy on their users.
Wikipedia page: Huawei (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Criticism and controversies
text: Huawei executives have consistently denied these allegations, having stated that the company has never received any requests by the Chinese government to introduce backdoors in its equipment, would refuse to do so, and that Chinese law did not compel them to do so.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rikers Island prison is a New York jail complex.
Wikipedia page: Rikers Island prison (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Rikers Island () is a 413.17-acre (167.20-hectare) island in the East River between Queens and the Bronx that is home to New York City's main jail complex.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Star Wars was started by George Lucas and as grown into a media empire that includes films, TV and other merchandise.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Merchandising
text: The success of the Star Wars films led the franchise to become one of the most merchandised franchises in the world.
section_header: Film | Skywalker saga | Original trilogy
text: In 1971, George Lucas wanted to film an adaptation of the Flash Gordon serial, but could not obtain the rights, so he began developing his own space opera.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Most nematode species are dioecious with separate male and female individuals.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reproduction
text: Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mumbai was once controlled by Portugal.
Wikipedia page: Mumbai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Portuguese and British rule
text: Growing apprehensive of the power of the Mughal emperor Humayun, Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat was obliged to sign the Treaty of Bassein with the Portuguese Empire on 23 December 1534.
section_header: History | Portuguese and British rule
text: 1535.The Portuguese were actively involved in the foundation and growth of their Roman Catholic religious orders in Bombay.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ernie Banks was the first black baseball player for the New York Yankees.
Wikipedia page: Ernie Banks (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: MLB career | Early career
text: , Banks received a visit from Jackie Robinson that influenced his quiet presence in baseball.
section_header: MLB career | Early career
text: He was the Cubs' first black player; he became one of several former Negro league players who joined MLB teams without playing in the minor leagues.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hawking's former nurse became his wife in 1995.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Hawking (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Marriages
text: After his divorce from Jane in 1995, Hawking married Mason in September, declaring, "It's wonderful – I have married the woman I love.
section_header: Personal life | Marriages
text: In the late 1980s, Hawking grew close to one of his nurses, Elaine Mason, to the dismay of some colleagues, caregivers, and family members, who were disturbed by her strength of personality and protectiveness.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The European country of Hungary was destabilized in the 1500s due to the appearance of Catholicism along with the king dying without lawful sons and a major peasant rebellion.
Wikipedia page: Hungary (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Medieval Hungary 895–1526 | Decline of Hungary (1490–1526)
text: The early appearance of Protestantism further worsened internal relations in the country.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 2006 film Babel is not linear.
Wikipedia page: Babel (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The film is not edited in a linear chronological order, wherefore the summaries are simplified and ordered mainly via location and in the order of appearance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Manchester City Football Club reentered the top tier after falling to third tier in 1998.
Wikipedia page: Manchester City F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Manchester City Football Club is an English football club based in Manchester that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football.
section_header: Summary
text: They since regained promotion to the top tier in 2001–02 and have remained a fixture in the Premier League since 2002–03.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leon Day served in World War II then returned to baseball after his service.
Wikipedia page: Leon Day (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball career | Return to baseball
text: Following his discharge from the military, Day returned to the Eagles in time for Opening Day on May 5, 1946.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The San Francisco basketball team The Golden State Warriors was originally in Philadelphia.
Wikipedia page: Golden State Warriors (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Franchise history | 1946–1962: Early years
text: The Warriors were founded in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors, a charter member of the Basketball Association of America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Thebes, Greece is located in the center of the country.
Wikipedia page: Thebes, Greece (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Even enemy combatants during the second World War did not walk troops through the monument directly.
Wikipedia page: Arc de Triomphe (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 20th century
text: Both Hitler in 1940 and de Gaulle in 1944 observed this custom.
section_header: History | 20th century
text: After the interment of the Unknown Soldier, however, all military parades (including the aforementioned post-1919) have avoided marching through the actual arch.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dorr Rebellion was attempted by a man in Virginia.
Wikipedia page: Dorr Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Dorr Rebellion (1841–1842) was an attempt by middle-class residents to force broader democracy in the U.S. state of Rhode Island, where a small rural elite was in control of government.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel was published in 2 parts.
Wikipedia page: Don Quixote (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha (Modern Spanish: El ingenioso hidalgo (in Part 2, caballero) Don Quijote de la Mancha, pronounced [el iŋxeˈnjoso iˈðalɣo ðoŋ kiˈxote ðe la ˈmantʃa] (listen)), or just Don Quixote (, US: , Spanish: [doŋ kiˈxote] (listen)), is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes.
section_header: Summary
text: It was published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eddie Plank attended and played baseball Gettysburg College, but did not graduate.
Wikipedia page: Eddie Plank (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He attended Gettysburg Academy, a prep school affiliated with the college.
section_header: Early life
text: However, he played for the college's team without ever being enrolled there.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jacques Offenbach tried to find a permanent job in France.
Wikipedia page: Jacques Offenbach (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Early years
text: Isaac hoped to secure permanent employment in Paris but failed to do so and returned to Cologne.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McCarthy had his most productive years in the sport under the Boston Beaneaters.
Wikipedia page: Tommy McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: McCarthy moved to the National League and played with the Boston Beaneaters the following season and the Philadelphia Quakers the following two years but failed to bat higher than .200 in any season, although in limited at-bats.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Orwell's final novel Nineteen Eighty-Four inspired a rock song titled "1984" by Spirit.
Wikipedia page: Nineteen Eighty-Four (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by English novelist George Orwell.
section_header: Summary
text: It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jim Thome played for the Cleveland Indians before he played for the Philadelphia Phillies.
Wikipedia page: Jim Thome (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thome spent over a decade with the Tribe, before leaving via free agency after the 2002 season, to join the Philadelphia Phillies, with whom he spent the following three seasons.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: France doesn't value the Bastille.
Wikipedia page: Bastille (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It played an important role in the internal conflicts of France and for most of its history was used as a state prison by the kings of France.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Decembrist Revolt was made to object against Constantine.
Wikipedia page: Decembrist revolt (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [O.S. 14 December] 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Tsar Nicholas
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hank Greenberg comes from a Jewish family.
Wikipedia page: Hank Greenberg (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Henry Benjamin Greenberg (born Hyman Greenberg; January 1, 1911 – September 4, 1986), nicknamed "Hammerin' Hank", "Hankus Pankus", or "The Hebrew Hammer", was an American professional baseball player and team executive.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Joads leave their farm to find work in California.
Wikipedia page: The Grapes of Wrath (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, agricultural industry changes, and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work.
section_header: Summary
text: Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they are trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California along with thousands of other "Okies" seeking jobs, land, dignity, and a future.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Adams had her first break through part in her early 20s.
Wikipedia page: Amy Adams (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2005–2007: Breakthrough with Junebug and Enchanted
text: Disillusioned by her firing from Dr. Vegas, 30-year-old Adams considered quitting acting altogether after completing work on the independent comedy-drama Junebug, which had a production budget of under $1 million.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: EBay owns Craigslist.
Wikipedia page: Craigslist (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Operations | Financials and ownership
text: On June 19, 2015, eBay Inc. announced that it would divest its stake back to Craigslist for an undisclosed amount, and settle its litigation with the company.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Philip Seymour Hoffman took debuted in a television series in the 1990's.
Wikipedia page: Philip Seymour Hoffman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Early career (1991–95)
text: He made his screen debut in 1991, in a Law & Order episode called "The Violence of Summer", playing a man accused of rape.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are only two attempts to render the Kalevala in the tongue of the British people without losing the Finnish metre of the poetry.
Wikipedia page: Kalevala (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Collection and compilation | Publishing | Translations
text: Of the few complete translations into English, it is only the older translations by John Martin Crawford (1888) and William Forsell Kirby (1907) which attempt to strictly follow the original (Kalevala metre) of the poems.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barry Goldwater expired of colon cancer.
Wikipedia page: Barry Goldwater (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: He died on May 29, 1998, at the age of 89 at his long-time home in Paradise Valley, Arizona, of complications from the stroke.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Jim Thome played for 6 teams.
Wikipedia page: Jim Thome (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: , he played for six different teams, most notably the Cleveland Indians, during the 1990s and early 2000s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: German composer Richard Strauss transformed from conservative to an advanced modern style, and his scores represent a major evolution for the movie music industry.
Wikipedia page: Richard Strauss (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Strauss's musical style played a major role in the development of film music in the middle of the 20th century.
section_header: Strauss as composer | Tone poems and other orchestral works
text: However, Strauss's style began to truly develop and change when, in 1885, he met Alexander Ritter, a noted composer and violinist, and the husband of one of Richard Wagner's nieces.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paige was best known as a football player.
Wikipedia page: Satchel Paige (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Leroy Robert "Satchel" Paige (July 7, 1906 – June 8, 1982) was an American Negro league baseball and Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who is notable for his longevity in the game, and for attracting record crowds
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The author of the novel is British.
Wikipedia page: Nineteen Eighty-Four (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by English novelist George Orwell.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The origin of the nucleus is not clear.
Wikipedia page: Cell nucleus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Evolution
text: As the major defining characteristic of the eukaryotic cell, the nucleus' evolutionary origin has been the subject of much speculation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel The Ambassadors was rewritten by an author other than Henry James with a female lead character.
Wikipedia page: The Ambassadors (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations and influences | Literature
text: Cynthia Ozick's novel, Foreign Bodies (2010), tells the story of The Ambassadors with a woman as the protagonist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Argan decides that he should be a lawyer and sue the doctors who have been treating him.
Wikipedia page: The Imaginary Invalid (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Act 3
text: Beralde says he knows a number of members of the medical faculty who can make Argan a doctor that very night.
section_header: Synopsis | Act 3
text: He suggests that Argan should just become a doctor himself, since no disease would dare to attack a doctor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie Aquaman is a non Marvel film in the DC Universe.
Wikipedia page: Aquaman (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Aquaman is a 2018 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name.
section_header: Summary
text: Distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, it is the sixth film in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Berlin, Germany, one of the sixteen city states, has a senate of eight state parliament members.
Wikipedia page: Berlin (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Government | City state
text: The Senate consists of the Governing Mayor (Regierender Bürgermeister) and up to eight senators holding ministerial positions, one of them holding the title of "Mayor" (Bürgermeister) as deputy to the Governing Mayor.
section_header: Summary
text: The city is one of Germany's 16 federal states.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Konrad Adenauer was sentenced to life in prison.
Wikipedia page: Konrad Adenauer (History)
Evidence:
section_header: The Cologne years | Years under the Nazi government
text: Adenauer was subsequently rearrested (as was his wife), but in the absence of any evidence against him, was released from prison at Brauweiler in November 1944.
section_header: Death and legacy
text: Adenauer died on 19 April 1967 in his family home at Rhöndorf.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Domenico Scarlatti thought that George Frideric Handel was terrible at the harpsichord.
Wikipedia page: Domenico Scarlatti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: Later in life, Scarlatti was known to cross himself in veneration when speaking of Handel's skill.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: One of the judges who presided over the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court case though the others were full of it.
Wikipedia page: Plessy v. Ferguson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Decision | Dissent
text: Harlan disagreed with the Court's rejection of Plessy's argument that the Louisiana law implied that blacks were inferior, and stated that the majority was being willfully ignorant on the subject.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miss Julie is a naturalistic drama that has signs of Darwinism in it.
Wikipedia page: Miss Julie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes
text: One theme of the play is Darwinism, a theory that was a significant influence on the author during his naturalistic period.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The American series How I Met Your Mother is set in 2030.
Wikipedia page: How I Met Your Mother (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast and characters
text: Bob Saget as Future Ted Mosby (voice only, uncredited) in the year 2030 telling his children the story of how he met their mother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hedda Gabler was played in Germany.
Wikipedia page: Hedda Gabler (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Productions
text: Bernard Paris interprets Gabler's actions as stemming from her "need for freedom [which is] as compensatory as her craving for power... her desire to shape a man's destiny." The play was performed in Munich at the Königliches Residenz-Theater on 31 January 1891, with Clara Heese as Hedda, though Ibsen was said to be displeased with the declamatory style of her performance.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: New Zealand has one large landmass.
Wikipedia page: New Zealand (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: My Antonia was called Cather's worst novel.
Wikipedia page: My Antonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: My Ántonia ( AN-tə-nee-ə) is a novel published in 1918 by American writer Willa Cather, considered one of her best works.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Mayor of Casterbridge was series printed every month in the late 1880s.
Wikipedia page: The Mayor of Casterbridge (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was first published as a weekly serialisation from January 1886.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Fourteen Points speech upset many Americans and international entities.
Wikipedia page: Fourteen Points (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Speech
text: The address was well received in the United States and Allied nations and even by Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, as a landmark of enlightenment in international relations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paul Molitor was a World Series MVP and played for the Brewers and the Braves.
Wikipedia page: Paul Molitor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During his 21-year baseball career, he played for the Milwaukee Brewers (1978–1992), Toronto Blue Jays (1993–1995), and Minnesota Twins (1996–1998).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Randy Newman is a musician that has been in many Disney films.
Wikipedia page: Randy Newman (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has scored nine Disney-Pixar animated films, including all four Toy Story films (1995–2019), A Bug's Life (1998), both Monsters,
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roman Holiday was going to be in colour but shooting outdoors was far to exorbitant so it had to be filmed in monochrome.
Wikipedia page: Roman Holiday (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Filming locations
text: It was originally planned to be in color, but filming outside was so expensive that it had to be done in black and white.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Former Primer Minister of France Georges Clemenceau's dad was an atheist.
Wikipedia page: Georges Clemenceau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: His mother was devoutly Protestant; his father was an atheist, and insisted that his children should have no religious education.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lauren Cohan has not been confirmed to return the show as Maggie.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Series overview | Season 11
text: Lauren Cohan has been confirmed to be returning to the show as Maggie.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Forbidden City has been translated from the Japanese term for Palace.
Wikipedia page: Forbidden City (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Name
text: The common English name "Forbidden City" is a translation of the Chinese name Zijin Cheng (Chinese: 紫禁城; pinyin: Zǐjìnchéng; lit.: 'Purple Forbidden City').
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Pride of the Yankees is about a man who plays baseball for the Yankees but gets diagnosis with a disease.
Wikipedia page: The Pride of the Yankees (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Gehrig has a rare, incurable disease, and only a short time to live.
section_header: Plot
text: When his mother gets sick, Gehrig signs with the team he has always revered, the New York Yankees to pay for the hospital bills.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Entropy is a property of decay.
Wikipedia page: Entropy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In statistical mechanics, entropy is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system.
section_header: Applications | Entropy in chemical thermodynamics
text: Thermodynamic entropy is an extensive property, meaning that it scales with the size or extent of a system.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maryam Mirzakhani survived a bus crash.
Wikipedia page: Maryam Mirzakhani (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Mirzakhani and Zavareh were two of the few survivors.
section_header: Early life and education
text: The bus was involved in an accident wherein it fell off a cliff, killing seven of the passengers—all Sharif University students.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Transformers: Age of Extinction was filmed in Utah.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Age of Extinction (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Bay announced that filming had begun on May 28, 2013, in Monument Valley, Utah.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Camille Saint-Saëns stayed with a healthcare worker at Geneva.
Wikipedia page: Camille Saint-Saëns (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: The young Camille was taken to the country for the sake of his health, and for two years lived with a nurse at Corbeil, 29 kilometres (18 mi) to the south of Paris.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kaddish is a prayer, used during special Jewish services.
Wikipedia page: Kaddish (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Customs
text: Kaddish, as used in the services on special days, is chanted.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After leaving the professional baseball as a player, Beckley managed a team.
Wikipedia page: Jake Beckley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: After his MLB career ended, Beckley became a player/manager for Kansas City in the American Association in 1908–1909, Bartlesville in the Western Association in 1910, and Hannibal in the Central Association in 1911.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Capet was part of an influential bloodline with connections to royalty.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Capet (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Descent and inheritance
text: He was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the royal houses of France and Germany.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After winning a bout, a gladiator was given a type of day off as a reward.
Wikipedia page: Gladiator (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: The games | Combat
text: Even among the ordinarii, match winners might have to fight a new, well-rested opponent, either a tertiarius ("third choice gladiator") by prearrangement; or a "substitute" gladiator (suppositicius) who fought at the whim of the editor as an unadvertised, unexpected "extra".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Chronicles of Narnia is a book series of science fiction.
Wikipedia page: Chronicles of Narnia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy novels by British author C. S. Lewis.
section_header: Summary
text: The series is set in the fictional realm of Narnia, a fantasy world of magic, mythical beasts, and talking animals.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Star Wars' novel came before the movie.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Print media
text: Star Wars in print predates the release of the first film, with the December 1976 novelization of Star Wars, initially subtitled "From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Arrival is based on a book called "Aliens Among Us".
Wikipedia page: Arrival (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Arrival is a 2016 American science fiction film directed by Denis Villeneuve and written by Eric Heisserer.
section_header: Production | Development and pre-production
text: Arrival is based on the Nebula-winning science fiction novella, "Story of Your Life" by Ted Chiang, written in 1998.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: While running for office, Joe McCarthy, used the moniker he was given in the Marines in his motto.
Wikipedia page: Joe McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career | Senate campaign
text: It was during this campaign that McCarthy started publicizing his war-time nickname "Tail-Gunner Joe", using the slogan, "Congress needs a tail-gunner".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Macdonald had a heart attack and passed away.
Wikipedia page: John A. Macdonald (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Prime Minister of Canada | Fifth and sixth majorities, 1887–1891; death
text: After the election, Macdonald suffered a stroke, which left him partially paralysed and unable to speak. " The Old Chieftain" lingered for days, remaining mentally alert, before dying in the late evening of Saturday, 6 June 1891.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tender is the fourth and final novel completed by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald Night, and was first published in Scribner's Magazine between January and April 1934 in four issues.
Wikipedia page: Tender is the Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tender is the Night is the fourth and final novel completed by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joanne Woodward is the oldest living Academy Award winner and was married to Gore Vidal.
Wikipedia page: Joanne Woodward (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Woodward was reported to have been engaged to author Gore Vidal before she married Paul Newman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gaetano Donizetti was an Italian composer making an impression  on the opera-going public by moving successfully to themes about comedy and away from the serious themes.
Wikipedia page: Gaetano Donizetti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1830, when Anna Bolena was premiered, Donizetti made a major impact on the Italian and international opera scene and this shifted the balance of success away from primarily comedic operas, although even after that date, his best-known works included comedies such as L'elisir d'amore (1832) and Don Pasquale (1843).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Handel was not only a great composer, but also an accomplished architect.
Wikipedia page: George Frideric Handel (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Musicologist Winton Dean writes that his operas show that "Handel was not only a great composer; he was a dramatic genius of the first order." As Alexander's Feast (1736) was well received, Handel made a transition to English choral works.
section_header: Move to London | Royal Academy of Music (1719–34)
text: The Queen's Theatre at the Haymarket (now Her Majesty's Theatre), established in 1705 by architect and playwright John Vanbrugh, quickly became an opera house.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tyrus Raymond Cobb graduated from Princeton university.
Wikipedia page: Ty Cobb (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tyrus Raymond Cobb (December 18, 1886 – July 17, 1961), nicknamed The Georgia Peach, was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder.
section_header: Post professional career
text: Tyrus Raymond, Jr. flunked out of Princeton (where he had played on the varsity tennis team), much to his father's dismay.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This is the earliest entry for the most beloved and well known fictional detective ever written.
Wikipedia page: A Study in Scarlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story marks the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, who would become the most famous detective duo in popular fiction.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Benedict XVI was overthrown by the public.
Wikipedia page: Pope Benedict XVI (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is the first pope to resign since Gregory XII in 1415, and the first to do so on his own initiative since Celestine V in 1294.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: On 10 different occasions, Maximillian George Carnarius was number 1 in the league when it came to stolen bases.
Wikipedia page: Max Carey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During his 20-year career, he led the league in stolen bases ten times and finished with 738 steals, a National League record until 1974 and still the 9th-highest total in major league history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jean Sibelius was a Dutch architect that was also a classically trained pianist.
Wikipedia page: Jean Sibelius (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jean Sibelius (; Swedish pronunciation ), born Johan Julius Christian Sibelius (8 December 1865 – 20 September 1957), was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early-modern periods.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Construction of the wall was commenced by the Soviet Union in 1961.
Wikipedia page: Berlin Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) on 13 August 1961.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nelson Mandela tied the knot three times in his life time because his second wife died of old age and he lived till he was 95.
Wikipedia page: Nelson Mandela (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personality and personal life
text: They divorced in March 1996. Mandela married his third wife, Graça Machel, on his 80th birthday in July 1998.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stephen A. Douglas was an engineer.
Wikipedia page: Stephen A. Douglas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Stephen Arnold Douglas (April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician and lawyer from Illinois.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Lewis Robert "Hack" Wilson died young.
Wikipedia page: Hack Wilson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "While Wilson's combativeness and excessive alcohol consumption made him one of the most colorful sports personalities of his era, his drinking and fighting undoubtedly contributed to a premature end to his athletic career and, ultimately, his premature death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are more currently known living species of Echinoderm than there are lost species now found only in the fossil record, etc. (They don't evolve much.)
Wikipedia page: Echinoderm (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Taxonomy and evolution
text: There are a total of about 7,000 extant species of echinoderm as well as about 13,000 extinct species.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hafey abandoned his 1st return to minor league in 1936 due to a shoulder injury.
Wikipedia page: Chick Hafey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Cincinnati Reds
text: He tried a minor league comeback in 1936, but he gave that up in April because he was experiencing vision problems and dizzy spells still attributed to sinusitis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Klein played professional baseball and has been on three MLB teams.
Wikipedia page: Chuck Klein (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Klein played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies (1928–1933, 1936–1939, 1940–1944), Chicago Cubs (1934–1936), and Pittsburgh Pirates (1939).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ali had 5 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Muhammad Ali (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and amateur career
text: He had a sister and four brothers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the 1952 play Cat on a Hot Tin Roof has a tv adaptation.
Wikipedia page: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: In 1976, a television version of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof was produced, starring the then husband-and-wife team of Natalie Wood and Robert Wagner, and featuring Laurence Olivier as Big Daddy and Maureen Stapleton as Big Mama.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ghandi lived until he was stabbed four times in the stomach, at which point he stopped.
Wikipedia page: Mahatma Gandhi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death
text: At 5:17 pm on 30 January 1948, Gandhi was with his grandnieces in the garden of Birla House (now Gandhi Smriti), on his way to address a prayer meeting, when Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, fired three bullets into his chest from a pistol at close range.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stranger in a Strange Land is about an alien that is trapped on earth.
Wikipedia page: Stranger in a Strange Land (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It tells the story of Valentine Michael Smith, a human who comes to Earth in early adulthood after being born on the planet Mars and raised by Martians, and explores his interaction with and eventual transformation of Terran culture.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: New York City is the most dense city in the U.S. beating San Francisco.
Wikipedia page: New York City (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With an estimated 2019 population of 8,336,817 distributed over about 302.6 square miles (784 km2), New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS