tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Konark Sun Temple in India was built in the 13th-century and still serves as an active place of worship today.
Wikipedia page: Konark Sun Temple (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Damage and ruins
text: After the Sun Temple ceased to attract faithful, Konark became deserted, left to disappear in dense forests for years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Booker T. Washington had severe kidney disease, and was told he had days to live after being diagnosed, but then died of circulatory/heart issues.
Wikipedia page: Booker T. Washington (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: In March 2006, his descendants permitted examination of medical records: these showed he had hypertension, with a blood pressure more than twice normal, confirming what had long been suspected.
section_header: Death
text: At the time he was thought to have died by congestive heart failure, aggravated by overwork.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joan of Arc could not read or write.
Wikipedia page: Joan of Arc (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: Joan was illiterate and it is believed that her letters were dictated by her to scribes and she signed her letters with the help of others.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pulp Fiction is considered to be a classic.
Wikipedia page: Pulp Fiction (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pulp Fiction is widely regarded as Tarantino's masterpiece, with particular praise for its screenwriting.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Howards End is a novel by E. M. Forster about wealthy American bankers and thought to be Howard's master work.
Wikipedia page: Howards End (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Howards End is considered by many to be Forster's masterpiece.
section_header: Premise
text: The story revolves around three families in England at the beginning of the 20th century: the Wilcoxes, rich capitalists with a fortune made in the colonies; the half-German Schlegel siblings (Margaret, Helen, and Tibby), whose cultural pursuits have much in common with the Bloomsbury Group; and the Basts, an impoverished young couple from a lower-class background.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel by Margaret Atwood The Handmaid's Tale was turned into television series on Hulu but after a disagreement the original author was not used to consult on the series.
Wikipedia page: The Handmaid's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Television
text: Margaret Atwood served as consulting producer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia, is the 5th most populous country in the world.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With an estimated 96.2 million inhabitants as of 2019, it is the 15th most populous country in the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Snails and slugs are the most numerous molluscs and account for 90% of the total classified species.
Wikipedia page: Mollusca (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The gastropods (snails and slugs) are by far the most numerous molluscs and account for 80% of the total classified species.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Green Mountain Boys is the informal name of the Vermont National Guard but it was first established as a militia.
Wikipedia page: Green Mountain Boys (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Green Mountain Boys was a militia organization first established in the late 1760s in the territory between the British provinces of New York and New Hampshire, known as the New Hampshire Grants and later in 1777 as the Vermont Republic (which later became the state of Vermont).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Spencer Tracy won best actor two consecutive times and was Jewish.
Wikipedia page: Spencer Tracy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Character
text: Tracy was an avowed Catholic, but his cousin, Jane Feely, said that he did not devoutly follow the religion: "he was often not a practical Catholic either.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Trevor Hoffman's mom is British.
Wikipedia page: Trevor Hoffman (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-playing career
text: Hoffman, whose mother was born in England, was the bullpen coach for the Great Britain team during the qualifying round of the 2017 World Baseball Classic.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Police are considered a "power trio".
Wikipedia page: The Police (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Musical style
text: A "power trio," the Police are known as a new wave and post-punk band, with many songs falling in the reggae-fusion genre.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2 is not the last movie of the saga.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film, which is the eighth and final instalment in the Harry Potter film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Phil Niekro works in the marketing department of a sports franchise.
Wikipedia page: Phil Niekro (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: Kiz Toys is a toy company based out of Cumming, Georgia, and Niekro advises the company on the KizSport baseball line, reviewing product designs and development on an ongoing basis and offering suggestions on current and future products.
section_header: Later life
text: Niekro is a member of the Kiz Toys Board of Advisors.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The series follows young Suzanne Collins.
Wikipedia page: The Hunger Games (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The series is set in The Hunger Games universe, and follows young Katniss Everdeen.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Mitochondrion can exist without one of its membranes but is called a different name.
Wikipedia page: Mitochondrion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure
text: They are:  the outer mitochondrial membrane, the intermembrane space (the space between the outer and inner membranes), the inner mitochondrial membrane, the cristae space (formed by infoldings of the inner membrane), and the matrix (space within the inner membrane).Mitochondria stripped of their outer membrane are called mitoplasts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Alexander VI was a member of the Tudor family.
Wikipedia page: Pope Alexander VI (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born into the prominent Borgia family in Xàtiva in the Crown of Aragon (now Spain), Rodrigo studied law at the University of Bologna.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Suleiman the Magnificent was known as a criminal and was not allowed into the military.
Wikipedia page: Suleiman the Magnificent (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ; "Suleiman the Lawgiver") in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Crying of Lot 49 is a short novel with characters who names are Mucho Maas and Dr. Hilarious.
Wikipedia page: The Crying of Lot 49 (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In the mid-1960s, Oedipa Maas lives a fairly comfortable life in the (fictional) northern Californian village of Kinneret, despite her lackluster marriage with Mucho Maas, a rudderless radio jockey, and her sessions with Dr. Hilarius, an unhinged German psychotherapist who tries to medicate his patients with LSD.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The LaGuardia Airport is located in California.
Wikipedia page: LaGuardia Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: LaGuardia Airport (IATA: LGA, ICAO: KLGA, FAA LID: LGA)  is an airport in Queens, New York.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alphabet Inc. is the parent company of Google as of 2015 with the same founders to allow more cover for their other companies.
Wikipedia page: Alphabet Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The establishment of Alphabet Inc. was prompted by a desire to make the core Google business "cleaner and more accountable" while allowing greater autonomy to group companies that operate in businesses other than Internet services.
section_header: Summary
text: It was created through a restructuring of Google on October 2, 2015, and became the parent company of Google and several former Google subsidiaries.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Exo is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul made of 12 members and  has ranked as one of the top five most influential celebrities on the Forbes Korea Power Celebrity list each year from 2014 to 2018.
Wikipedia page: Exo (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Exo (Korean: 엑소; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul, with nine members: Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai and Sehun.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Ernie Banks got interested in playing because of his father who played on the black leagues in Texas.
Wikipedia page: Ernie Banks (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: As a child, Banks was not very interested in baseball, preferring swimming, basketball and football.
section_header: Early life
text: His father bought him a baseball glove for less than three dollars at a five and dime store and motivated him with nickels and dimes to play catch.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Lindbergh tried to escape the attention of the media after the trial of the murderer of his son by taking his family to Europe.
Wikipedia page: Charles Lindbergh (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | In Europe (1936–1939)
text: An intensely private man, Lindbergh became exasperated by the unrelenting public attention in the wake of the kidnapping and Hauptmann trial, and was concerned for the safety of his three-year-old second son, Jon.
section_header: Personal life | In Europe (1936–1939)
text: Consequently, in the predawn hours of Sunday, December 22, 1935, the family "sailed furtively" from Manhattan for Liverpool, the only three passengers aboard the United States Lines freighter SS American Importer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dihigo got involved in politics after the end of his baseball career.
Wikipedia page: Martín Dihigo (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post career
text: Dihigo returned to Cuba when Castro took power, and was appointed the minister of sports.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Dawes Plan ensured that Germany would receive compensation for the colonies it lost to other European nations.
Wikipedia page: Dawes Plan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Dawes Plan (as proposed by the Dawes Committee, chaired by Charles G. Dawes) was a plan in 1924 that successfully resolved the issue of  World War I reparations that Germany had to pay.
section_header: Background: World War I Europe | The initial German debt defaults
text: At the conclusion of World War I, the Allied and Associate Powers included in the Treaty of Versailles a plan for reparations to be paid by Germany; 20 billion gold marks was to be paid while the final figure was decided.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dick Williams was a participant in a celebrity dancing competition on TV.
Wikipedia page: Dick Williams (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and death
text: Before Dick Williams became a Major League manager in 1967, he successfully appeared on the television quiz shows The Match Game and the original Hollywood Squares.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No part of Fargo was not shot on location.
Wikipedia page: Fargo (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: While none of Fargo was actually filmed in Fargo, the Fargo-Moorhead Convention & Visitors Bureau exhibits original script copies and several props used in the film, including the wood chipper prop.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paris Saint-Germain F.C. have participated in 70 seasons.
Wikipedia page: Paris Saint-Germain F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Records and statistics
text: Since their inception, Paris Saint-Germain have played 50 seasons, all of them within the top three levels of the French football league system: Ligue 1, Ligue 2 and Division 3.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram wed his third wife after an engagement of half a decade.
Wikipedia page: Shah Jahan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriages
text: The prince would have to wait five years before he was married in 1612 (1021 AH), on a date selected by the court astrologers as most conducive to ensuring a happy marriage.
section_header: Marriages
text: In addition, Khurram had two children from his first two wives.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kramer vs. Kramer is a film that stars Dustin Hoffman and is about a couple's divorce.
Wikipedia page: Kramer vs. Kramer (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film stars Dustin Hoffman, Meryl Streep, Jane Alexander, and Justin Henry.
section_header: Summary
text: It tells the story of a couple's divorce, its impact on their young son, and the subsequent evolution of their relationship and views on parenting.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: One of the adaptations of Star Wars aired on NPR.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: In other media | Audio | Radio
text: It was broadcast on National Public Radio in 1981, adapting the original 1977 film into 13 episodes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Born on the Fourth of July was an autobiography written by a New Yorker.
Wikipedia page: Born on the Fourth of July (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin
text: It tells the story of Kovic's life growing up in Massapequa, New York, joining the United States Marine Corps right out of high school, going to Vietnam for two tours of duty, getting shot, finding himself paralyzed and in need of a wheelchair, and eventually starting a new life as a peace activist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Caine Mutiny novel was derived from the author's WWII experiences that influenced the novel's violent coup that occurs as the climax of the plot.
Wikipedia page: The Caine Mutiny (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The mutiny of the title is legalistic, not violent, and takes place during Typhoon Cobra, in December 1944.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: German composer and conductor Richard Wagner wrote essays.
Wikipedia page: Richard Wagner (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: William H. Seward was the President of Operations at the William Won Ka Factory and the creator of the orange jumpsuit for inmates.
Wikipedia page: William H. Seward (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States Senator.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chichen Itza is one of the most visited cities in Mexico.
Wikipedia page: Chichen Itza (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The ruins of Chichen Itza are federal property, and the site's stewardship is maintained by Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (National Institute of Anthropology and History).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Empire State Building is an infamous place for people taking their own lives.
Wikipedia page: Empire State Building (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Incidents | Suicide attempts
text: More than 30 people have attempted suicide over the years by jumping from the upper parts of the building, with most attempts being successful.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rosalyn Sussman Yalow did not marry.
Wikipedia page: Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Marriage and children
text: She married fellow student Aaron Yalow, the son of a rabbi, in June 1943.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel Brideshead Revisited, The Sacred & Profane Memories of Captain Charles Ryder was turned into a three part miniseries in 1980.
Wikipedia page: Brideshead Revisited (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A faithful and well-received television adaptation of the novel was produced in an 11-part miniseries by Granada Television in 1981.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Berlioz did not compose the Requiem.
Wikipedia page: Hector Berlioz (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Recordings
text: The first was L'Enfance du Christ in 1960 and the last the Requiem in 2012.
section_header: Summary
text: His output includes orchestral works such as the Symphonie fantastique and Harold in Italy, choral pieces including the Requiem and L'Enfance du Christ, his three operas Benvenuto Cellini, Les Troyens and Béatrice et Bénédict, and works of hybrid genres such as the "dramatic symphony" Roméo et Juliette and the "dramatic legend" La Damnation de Faust.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Whether or not the Czech composer Bedřich Smetana expired due to age-based loss of faculties or an STD is still up for debate.
Wikipedia page: Bedřich Smetana (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Illness and death
text: Tests carried out by Prof. Emanuel Vlček in the late 20th century on samples of muscular tissue from Smetana's exhumed body provided further evidence of the disease.
section_header: Biography | Illness and death
text: However, this research has been challenged by Czech physician Dr Jiří Ramba, who has argued that Vlček's tests do not provide a basis for a reliable conclusion, citing the age and state of the tissues and highlighting reported symptoms of Smetana's that were incompatible with syphilis.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1867 Crédit Mobilier scandal nearly bankrupted Union Pacific and involved both political parties.
Wikipedia page: Credit Mobilier of America scandal (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Investigation and outcome
text: During the investigation, the government found that the company had given shares to more than 30 representatives of both parties, including James A. Garfield, Colfax, Patterson, and Wilson.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Albert Fall served in the army before becoming a U.S. Senator.
Wikipedia page: Albert B. Fall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As a captain in the United States Army he supported a military invasion of Mexico in 1916 as a means of ending Pancho Villa's raids.
section_header: Career | Election to the Senate
text: As a member of the Republican Party, Fall was elected as one of the first U.S. Senators from New Mexico in the year 1912.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker is the eighth movie in the nine part saga and the film's ensemble cast includes Carrie Fisher, Mark Hamill, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley, John Boyega, Oscar Isaac, Anthony Daniels, Naomi Ackie, Domhnall Gleeson, Richard E. Grant, Lupita Nyong'o, Keri Russell, Joonas Suotamo, Kelly Marie Tran, Ian McDiarmid, and Billy Dee Williams..
Wikipedia page: Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the third installment of the Star Wars sequel trilogy, following The Force Awakens (2015) and The Last Jedi (2017), and the final episode of the nine-part "Skywalker saga.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vampire Diaries, an American supernatural teen drama television series, has one more season remaining that is scheduled to air in October.
Wikipedia page: The Vampire Diaries (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The final season began airing on October 21, 2016, and ended March 10, 2017.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Julian the Roman emperor grew up a christian and lived his life according to their virtues.
Wikipedia page: Julian (emperor) (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His rejection of Christianity, and his promotion of Neoplatonic Hellenism in its place, caused him to be remembered as Julian the Apostate by the Christian Church.
section_header: Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism
text: Since the persecution of Christians by past Roman Emperors had seemingly only strengthened Christianity, many of Julian's actions were designed to harass Christians and undermine their ability to organize resistance to the re-establishment of paganism in the empire.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cristóbal Torriente made a habit of playing fair and being kind to his peers.
Wikipedia page: Cristóbal Torriente (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Again on August 23, 1915, Torriente kicked Umpire Kelly after Kelly called him out when Torriente attempted to steal third base.
section_header: Personal life
text: A fight with Crawford during the game spilled out onto the street after the game, and the two men attacked each other with paving stones left out when street workers were repairing a water main.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is the 1st book of the  Harry Potter series.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The first novel in the Harry Potter series and Rowling's debut novel
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After he graduated from the University of Oregon, Phil Knight joined the military.
Wikipedia page: Phil Knight (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Nike Inc.
text: Immediately after graduating from the University of Oregon, Knight enlisted in the army and served one year on active duty and seven years in the Army Reserve.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Adobe Inc. was named after a creek.
Wikipedia page: Adobe Inc. (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Adobe Inc. ( ə-DOH-bee), is an American multinational computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, and incorporated in Delaware.
section_header: History
text: The name of the company, Adobe, comes from Adobe Creek in Los Altos, California, which ran behind Warnock's house.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1971 film The Last Picture Show is about small town Texas and stars songs by Hank Williams Sr.
Wikipedia page: The Last Picture Show (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Last Picture Show is a 1971 American drama film directed and co-written by Peter Bogdanovich, adapted from a semi-autobiographical 1966 novel The Last Picture Show by Larry McMurtry.
section_header: Plot
text: In 1951 Sonny Crawford and Duane Jackson are high-school seniors and friends in Anarene, Texas, a small declining northern Texas town.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Macau was controlled by the Spanish till the late 1990's.
Wikipedia page: Macau (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The colony remained under Portuguese rule until 1999, when it was transferred to China.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The city of Berlin mainly speaks Dutch.
Wikipedia page: Berlin (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Languages
text: German is the official and predominant spoken language in Berlin.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexander Cartwright was a fireman.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Cartwright (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and work
text: After hours, he played bat-and-ball games in the streets of Manhattan with volunteer firefighters.
section_header: Hawaii
text: Cartwright served as fire chief of Honolulu from 1850 through June 30, 1863.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Battle of Salamis was won by the Greeks.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Salamis (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It resulted in a decisive victory for the outnumbered Greeks.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Parasites prey upon a variety of hosts across all the kingdoms of the tree of life.
Wikipedia page: Parasite (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Evolutionary strategies | Transmission strategies
text: Parasites use a variety of methods to infect animal hosts, including physical contact, the fecal–oral route, free-living infectious stages, and vectors, suiting their differing hosts, life cycles, and ecological contexts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ryne Sandberg was a second baseman and went by as Ren.
Wikipedia page: Ryne Sandberg (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ryne Dee Sandberg (born September 18, 1959), nicknamed "Ryno", is an American former professional baseball player, coach, and manager.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cotton, starch, rubber, hemp, and silk nylon are unnatural prominent examples of polymer materials exploited by all generations.
Wikipedia page: Polymer (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The use of wool (keratin), cotton and linen fibres (cellulose) for garments, paper reed (cellulose) for paper are just a few examples of how our ancestors exploited polymer-containing raw materials to obtain artefacts.
section_header: Synthesis | Modification of natural polymers
text: Naturally occurring polymers such as cotton, starch, and rubber were familiar materials for years before synthetic polymers such as polyethene and perspex appeared on the market.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The orginal use of the Appian Way was to carry war materials.
Wikipedia page: Appian Way (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins | The need for roads
text: The Appian Way was a Roman road used as a main route for military supplies since its construction for that purpose in 312 BC.The Appian Way was the first long road built specifically to transport troops outside the smaller region of greater Rome (this was essential to the Romans).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The writer of the novel is uncertain but mostly likely Wu.
Wikipedia page: Journey to the West (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Authorship
text: Anthony C. Yu states that the identity of the author, as with so many other major works of Chinese fiction, "remains unclear" but that Wu remains "the most likely" author.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Göbekli Tepe is considered one of the most ancient temples, not only in Turkey but in the world.
Wikipedia page: Turkey (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Prehistory of Anatolia and Eastern Thrace
text: The European part of Turkey, called Eastern Thrace, has also been inhabited since at least forty thousand years ago, and is known to have been in the Neolithic era by about 6000 BC.Göbekli Tepe is the site of the oldest known man-made religious structure, a temple dating to circa 10,000 BC, while Çatalhöyük is a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 5700 BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Rains Came was originally spoken word.
Wikipedia page: The Rains Came (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rains Came is a 1939 20th Century Fox film based on an American novel by Louis Bromfield (published in June 1937 by Harper & Brothers).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Place of Westminster is not a site of the UNESCO World Heritage.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Westminster (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture and tourism
text: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) classifies the Palace of Westminster, along with neighbouring Westminster Abbey and St Margaret's, as a World Heritage Site.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The British television series Doctor Who had a film that was a failure.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Who (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There was an unsuccessful attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot, in the form of a television film titled Doctor Who.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roger Bresnahan hit baseballs  approximately a minimum of 1,250 times with a bat in a professional, non-training, capacity.
Wikipedia page: Roger Bresnahan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Profile and legacy
text: In 1,446 games, he had a batting average of .279 with 26 home runs and 530 RBI in 4,480 at-bats.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Monte Irvin was a baseball player that passed away in Houston  and mentor to Hank Aaron.
Wikipedia page: Monte Irvin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: When future Hall of Famer Willie Mays joined the Giants in 1951, Irvin was asked to mentor him.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roy Halladay passed away in a motorcycle accident.
Wikipedia page: Roy Halladay (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: On November 7, 2017, Halladay died when the ICON A5 Founders Edition amphibious aircraft he was piloting crashed into the Gulf of Mexico.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Asoka was a Hindu priest in the Himalaya Mountains and brewed the first tea.
Wikipedia page: Asoka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ashoka (Brāhmi: 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓, Asoka, IAST: Aśoka, English:  ), also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Randy Johnson had a marketing contract with a large sports company.
Wikipedia page: Randy Johnson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Acting career
text: Johnson also appeared in several commercials for Nike in 1998.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Groupon has always had a strong philanthropic presence and has had multiple Super Bowl ads including a controversial ad that was consider insensitive about fish tacos.
Wikipedia page: Groupon (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Super Bowl commercials
text: Groupon aired a controversial Super Bowl XLV advertisement in which actor Timothy Hutton begins by making a plea for the people of Tibet before delivering the punch line: " But they still whip up an amazing fish curry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1960 novel No Longer At Ease ends with a poem.
Wikipedia page: No Longer At Ease (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Novel's title
text: The book's title comes from the closing lines of T. S. Eliot's poem, The Journey of the Magi: We returned to our places, these Kingdoms,
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Miller died from complications due to an automobile accident.
Wikipedia page: Marvin Miller (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: Miller was diagnosed with liver cancer in August 2012.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bob Feller wanted to serve on a ship during World War II.
Wikipedia page: Bob Feller (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Military service (1941–1945)
text: Originally he tried to enlist as a fighter pilot but failed hearing tests.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Threepenny Opera premiered during the 1920s.
Wikipedia page: The Threepenny Opera (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Premieres | Germany
text: The Threepenny Opera was first performed at the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm in 1928 on a set designed by Caspar Neher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hoffman passed due to complications from a stroke.
Wikipedia page: Philip Seymour Hoffman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and legacy
text: Hoffman was 46. Detectives searching the apartment found heroin and prescription medications at the scene, and revealed that he was discovered with a syringe in his arm.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Newman never finished college.
Wikipedia page: Randy Newman (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: He studied music at the University of California, Los Angeles, but dropped out one semester shy of a B.A.Newman's parents were nonobservant Jews.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dave Bancroft was an American professional baseball shortstop and manager for the Philadelphia Phillies  after the Phillies purchased Bancroft for $5, 000 between 1915 and 1930.
Wikipedia page: Dave Bancroft (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, New York Giants, Boston Braves and the Brooklyn Robins between 1915 and 1930.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Noble gases are exactly the members of group 18 with the six naturally occurring noble gases as helium (He), neon (Ne), argon ( Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive Uranium (Ur) that form trapped frozen gases.
Wikipedia page: Noble gas (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive radon (Rn).
section_header: Chemical properties | Compounds
text: Neon, argon, krypton, and xenon also form clathrate hydrates, where the noble gas is trapped in ice.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Boggs led the Braves to a World Series title in 1996.
Wikipedia page: Wade Boggs (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He spent his 18-year baseball career primarily with the Boston Red Sox, but he also played for the New York Yankees, with whom he won the 1996 World Series over the Atlanta Braves, and the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, with whom he reached 3,000 hits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Phoenix has been involved in many charitable organizations.
Wikipedia page: Joaquin Phoenix (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Activism
text: It's pure anxiety, and I love it." Phoenix has long been a social activist, lending his support to a number of charities and humanitarian organizations, such as Amnesty International, The Art of Elysium, HEART, and the Peace Alliance (which campaigns for a United States Department of Peace).
section_header: Activism
text: Phoenix is also on the board of directors for The Lunchbox Fund, a non-profit organization which provides daily meals to students of township schools in Soweto, South Africa, which was founded by his ex-girlfriend, South African model Topaz Page-Green.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American basketball team The Los Angeles Lakers started in Pittsburgh.
Wikipedia page: Los Angeles Lakers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team, the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League (NBL).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is considered one of the Big Five technology companies.
Wikipedia page: Microsoft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is considered one of the Big Five technology companies alongside Amazon, Apple, Google, and Facebook.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It's peak year was 1858.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The canal fostered a population surge in western New York and opened regions farther west to settlement.
section_header: Summary
text: The canal's peak year was 1855, when 33,000 commercial shipments took place.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: My Antonia is a book about the social injustices of a little girl whose parents die in an accident and raised by her grandfather.
Wikipedia page: My Antonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: and The Song of the Lark. The novel tells the stories of an orphaned boy from Virginia, Jim Burden, and the elder daughter in a family of Bohemian immigrants, Ántonia Shimerda, who are each brought as children to be pioneers in Nebraska towards the end of the 19th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Baz Luhrmann came up with the idea for the movie after going to China.
Wikipedia page: Moulin Rouge! (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Soundtrack | Musical numbers
text: Alka Yagnik (Incorporated in the film song titled "Hindi Sad Diamonds"; originally performed by Alka Yagnik in the 1998 Hindi film China Gate, composed by
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bryan Adams became the ultimate vegan when he desired to shout about his vegan diet and moral superiority so hard that doing so got him called racist.
Wikipedia page: Bryan Adams (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Activism and humanitarian work | Animal rights activism
text: , I just wanted to have a rant about the horrible animal cruelty in these wet-markets being the possible source of the virus, and promote veganism.
section_header: Activism and humanitarian work | Animal rights activism
text: Even though Adams did not single out any particular race in his remarks, online response was immediate and "Bryan Adams racist" began trending on social media.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gioachino Antonio Rossini (29 February 1792 – 13 November 1868) was an Italian composer born in Pesaro to parents who were both musicians, who gained fame for his 39 operas.
Wikipedia page: Gioachino Rossini (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Pesaro to parents who were both musicians (his father a trumpeter, his mother a singer), Rossini began to compose by the age of 12 and was educated at music school in Bologna.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Family Guy is an American animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane, although he hasn't written for the show since 2009.
Wikipedia page: Family Guy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Writing
text: During his September 2017 AMA on Reddit, MacFarlane revealed that he hadn't written for the show since 2010, focusing instead on production and voice acting.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tartuffe, the French comedic stage play, has been made into a cinematic film for theater release.
Wikipedia page: Tartuffe (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Television
text: Productions for French television were filmed in 1971, 1975, 1980, 1983 and 1998.
section_header: Adaptations | Television
text: Taped in a television studio without an audience, it originated at the Circle in the Square Theatre in New York in 1977, but with a slightly different cast – John Wood played Tartuffe in the Broadway version, and Madame Pernelle was played by Mildred Dunnock in that same production.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dan Brouthers is from Massachusetts.
Wikipedia page: Dan Brouthers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Brouthers was born in Sylvan Lake, New York, to Michael and Annie Brooder, Catholic immigrants from Ireland; upon arriving in New York, Michael Brooder had been recruited to Dutchess County to work in open pit iron mines in the town of Beekman.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There's a real holiday devoted to Billy Joel in the Northeast.
Wikipedia page: Billy Joel (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and achievements
text: On July 18, 2018, Governor Andrew Cuomo proclaimed the date to be Billy Joel Day in New York state to mark his 100th performance at Madison Square Garden
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Aquaman is a superhero film where the Black Manta character was killed by his archenemy Aquaman.
Wikipedia page: Aquaman (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Future | Sequel
text: Yahya Abdul-Mateen II told Uproxx that he will reprise his role as Black Manta for the sequel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sparky Anderson got his start in baseball by being a relief pitcher before there was an official position called that.
Wikipedia page: Sparky Anderson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career
text: Anderson began his playing career with the Santa Barbara Dodgers of the Class-C California League, where he was primarily used as a shortstop.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jane Fonda's father was an actor.
Wikipedia page: Jane Fonda (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Acting career | Continued box office success, exercise videos, retirement (1980–1990)
text: On Golden Pond, which also starred four-time Oscar winner Katharine Hepburn, brought Henry Fonda his only Academy Award for Best Actor, which Jane accepted on his behalf, as he was ill and could not leave home.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Angkor Wat is a Cambodian compound of temples.
Wikipedia page: Angkor Wat (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Angkor Wat (; Khmer: អង្គរវត្ត, "City/Capital of Temples") is a temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world, on a site measuring 162.6 hectares (1,626,000 m2; 402 acres).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Out of Africa has earned many accolades in the film industry.
Wikipedia page: Out of Africa (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: Out of Africa won seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Screenplay Adaptation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hong Xiugan believed he was the brother of Pangu, who is considered to be the first living being in the universe in Chinese mythology.
Wikipedia page: Taiping Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Commanded by Hong Xiuquan, the self-proclaimed brother of Jesus Christ, the goals of the Taipings were religious, nationalist, and political in nature; they sought the conversion of the Chinese people to the Taiping's syncretic version of Christianity, the overthrow of the ruling Manchus, and a wholesale transformation and reformation of the state.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Whitney Ford had the same nickname as Frank Sinatra.
Wikipedia page: Whitey Ford (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Edward Charles "Whitey" Ford (born October 21, 1928), nicknamed "The Chairman of the Board", is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played his entire 16-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career with the New York Yankees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kurt Weill was a German composer, active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States although he was denied citizenship in 1943.
Wikipedia page: Kurt Weill (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He became a United States citizen on August 27, 1943.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Manush had two children with his wife.
Wikipedia page: Heinie Manush (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Family and later years
text: Manush was married, and he and his wife Betty had three daughters,Shirley who died at age 58 in 1987; Lillis, who also died in 1987 at age 56 and Sue McCaw, who lived in Florida and turned 76 in 2009.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of the Bulge was launched in Germany.
Wikipedia page: Battle of the Bulge (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in eastern Belgium, northeast France, and Luxembourg, towards the end of the war in Europe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hugh Duffy's parents were from Ireland.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Duffy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Duffy was born in Cranston, Rhode Island to Irish immigrant Michael Duffy and wife Margaret Duffy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jennifer Lopez once played a law enforcement officer in a movie with Stephen Dorff.
Wikipedia page: Jennifer Lopez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 1997–1999: Breakthrough with Selena and On the 6
text: Cast as a deputy federal marshal who falls for a charming criminal, Lopez won rave reviews for her performance.
section_header: Career | 1997–1999: Breakthrough with Selena and On the 6
text: In June 1998, Lopez starred opposite George Clooney in Out of Sight, Steven Soderbergh's adaptation of Elmore Leonard's novel of the same name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Critics of the time universally praised Middlemarch, with some marking it as the greatest novel in English.
Wikipedia page: Middlemarch (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception | Later responses
text: In the first half of the 20th century, Middlemarch continued to provoke contrasting responses; while Leslie Stephen dismissed the novel in 1902, his daughter Virginia Woolf described it in 1919 as "the magnificent book that, with all its imperfections, is one of the few English novels written for grown-up people." However, Woolf was "virtually unique" among the modernists in her unstinting praise for Middlemarch, and the novel also remained overlooked by the reading public of the time.
section_header: Critical reception | Contemporary reviews
text: Although finding merit in certain scenes and qualities, she faulted its structure as "made up of a succession of unconnected chapters, following each other at random.... The final effect is one of an incoherence which nothing can justify.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kurt Julian Weill was enrolled in piano lessons when he turned 7 years old.
Wikipedia page: Kurt Weill (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood
text: At the age of twelve, Weill started taking piano lessons and made his first attempts at writing music; his earliest preserved composition was written in 1913 and is titled Mi Addir: Jewish Wedding Song.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Cinderella", or "The Little Glass Slipper", is a folk tale originally told in Rome and Greece about an eagle and a Pharaoh and a King.
Wikipedia page: Cinderella (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis
text: The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), The eagle snatched one of her sandals from her maid and carried it to Memphis; and while the king was administering justice in the open air, the eagle, when it arrived above his head, flung the sandal into his lap; and the king, stirred both by the beautiful shape of the sandal and by the strangeness of the occurrence, sent men in all directions into the country in quest of the woman who wore the sandal; and when she was found in the city of Naucratis, she was brought up to Memphis, became the wife of the king ... The same story is also later reported by the Roman orator Aelian (ca.
section_header: Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis
text: Aelian's story closely resembles the story told by Strabo, but adds that the name of the pharaoh in question was Psammetichus.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carl Nielsen had eleven brothers and sisters.
Wikipedia page: Carl Nielsen (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early years
text: Nielsen was born on 9 June 1865, the seventh of twelve children in a poor peasant family, at Sortelung near Nørre Lyndelse, south of Odense on the island of Funen.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: it is art deco design with steel and glass-enclosed bridges.
Wikipedia page: Empire State Building (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The building's Art Deco architecture, height, and observation decks have made it a popular attraction.
section_header: Architecture | Exterior
text: The modernistic, stainless steel canopies of the entrances on 33rd and 34th Streets lead to two-story-high corridors around the elevator core, crossed by stainless steel and glass-enclosed bridges at the second-floor level.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Unlike in the film Becket, in real life Queen Eleanor was simple-minded.
Wikipedia page: Becket (1964 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Historicity
text: Henry's wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine was in fact beautiful, brilliant and superbly educated, famous for her wit, charm and daring.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Atahualpa killed anyone who threatened to challenge his throne.
Wikipedia page: Atahualpa (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Atahualpa became Inca emperor in May 1532 after he had defeated and imprisoned Huáscar and massacred any pretenders to the throne.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barbara McClintock received her PhD in Health Science.
Wikipedia page: Barbara McClintock (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barbara McClintock (June 16, 1902 – September 2, 1992) was an American scientist and cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
section_header: Summary
text: McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fred Clarke birthplace is Indianapolis and was the bench coach for the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Wikipedia page: Fred Clarke (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: Fred Clarke was born on a farm near Winterset, Iowa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The second Rocky movie was released 1981.
Wikipedia page: Rocky (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film has spawned seven sequels: Rocky II (1979), Rocky III (1982), Rocky IV (1985), Rocky V (1990), Rocky Balboa (2006), Creed (2015), and Creed II (2018).
section_header: Other media | Sequel
text: A sequel titled Rocky II, was released in 1979.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Tinker won five World Series.
Wikipedia page: Joe Tinker (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tinker was a member of the Chicago Cubs dynasty that won four pennants and two World Series championships between 1906 and 1910.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arrowsmith won a prize.
Wikipedia page: Arrowsmith (novel) (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Pulitzer Prize
text: Arrowsmith was awarded the 1926 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, but Lewis declined the award.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Inter Milan's first logo had many circular elements.
Wikipedia page: Inter Milan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Colours and badge
text: The first design incorporated the letters "FCIM" in the centre of a series of circles that formed the badge of the club.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Henry Ford was an American industrialist and business magnate, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production, and was one of the richest and best-known people in the world.
Wikipedia page: Henry Ford (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As the Ford Motor Company owner, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS