tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Taylor's middle name is Ashley.
Wikipedia page: Taylor Swift (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cartwright helped start the NY Knickerbockers Baseball association.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Cartwright (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Knickerbocker Base Ball Club
text: In 1842, Cartwright led the establishment of the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club (named after the Knickerbocker Fire Engine Company), a breakaway group from the Gothams.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Washington, D.C. residents can vote in the all elections like the House of Representatives and Congress.
Wikipedia page: Washington, D.C. (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Government and politics | Voting rights debate
text: The District is not a state and therefore has no voting representation in Congress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: McKechnie was sometimes referred to as "Deacon".
Wikipedia page: Bill McKechnie (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was nicknamed "Deacon" because he sang in his church choir and generally lived a quiet life.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The chapel of Windsor Castle has on one of its walls a window that dates from Queen Victoria's reign.
Wikipedia page: Windsor Castle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Architecture | Lower Ward
text: The east stained glass window is Victorian, and the oriel window to the north side of it was built by Henry VIII for Catherine of Aragon.
section_header: Architecture | Lower Ward
text: On the north side of the Lower Ward is St George's Chapel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Calhoun had 10 kids with his cousin.
Wikipedia page: John C. Calhoun (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: The couple had 10 children over 18 years: Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Floride Pure, Jane, Anna Maria, Elizabeth, Patrick, John Caldwell Jr., Martha Cornelia, James Edward, and William Lowndes Calhoun.
section_header: Personal life
text: In January 1811, Calhoun married Floride Bonneau Colhoun, a first cousin once removed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Women are now allowed to recite the Kaddish in many Jewish traditions.
Wikipedia page: Kaddish (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Mourner's Kaddish | Women and the Mourner's Kaddish
text: In Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist Judaism, the Mourner's Kaddish is traditionally said by women who are also counted in the minyan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: I Want to Live! was not met with critical success on first release, instead it was censored for a time until the 1990s.
Wikipedia page: I Want to Live! (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Critical response
text: was met with a largely favorable critical response, with many critics heralding the film as an "indictment against capital punishment," citing its clinical, harrowing depiction of execution.
section_header: Release | Critical response
text: Producer Walter Wanger received numerous congratulatory letters praising the film after its release, namely from writers Arthur Miller, Paddy Chayefsky, Leon Uris, and Albert Camus, all of whom were ardent opponents of capital punishment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Most species can be seen with an optical microscope.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope as they are one hundredth the size of most bacteria.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Albert Finney received many awards throughout his acting career.
Wikipedia page: Albert Finney (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and honours | Golden Globe Awards
text: He received nine Golden Globe Award nominations, winning three: 1963 Best Actor in a Motion Picture –
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The "Zora! Festival" held in Hurston's home town of Notasulga, Alabama as it's the setting for much of her literature.
Wikipedia page: Zora Neale Hurston (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is now the site of the "Zora! Festival", held each year in her honor.
section_header: Summary
text: She later used Eatonville as the setting for many of her stories.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ammonia has been described as a silent killer due to it's invisible and odorless properties.
Wikipedia page: Ammonia (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Properties
text: Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristically pungent smell.
section_header: Summary
text: A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mila Kunis has a brown left eye and a green right eye.
Wikipedia page: Mila Kunis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Health
text: Her left eye is brown, while her right eye is green.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Proton is Greek for "first" and is a subatomic atom.
Wikipedia page: Proton (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A proton is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p+, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Ode to Joy" is a poem by French poet Jean-Michel Basquiat.
Wikipedia page: Ode to Joy (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Ode to Joy" (German: "An die Freude" [an diː ˈfʁɔʏdə]) is an ode written in the summer of 1785 by German poet, playwright, and historian Friedrich Schiller and published the following year in Thalia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The sculptures on the north were created by Scopas.
Wikipedia page: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Discovery and excavation
text: The four Greek sculptors who carved the statues: Bryaxis, Leochares, Scopas and Timotheus were each responsible for one side.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Schoenberg moved to the US from France.
Wikipedia page: Arnold Schoenberg (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941.
section_header: Summary
text: Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, US also ; German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] (listen); 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian-born composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: As a free agent, baseball player Catfish Hunter chose the team that afforded him the opportunity to play on artificial turf.
Wikipedia page: Catfish Hunter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | New York Yankees
text: New York was closer to his home in North Carolina and the team played on natural grass.
section_header: Professional career | New York Yankees
text: Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball and highest-paid pitcher in history when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: County came from the Spanish word meaning condado.
Wikipedia page: County (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The term is derived from the Old French conté or cunté denoting a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count (earl) or a viscount.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sam Thompson was known for his facial hair while on the football field.
Wikipedia page: Sam Thompson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache.
section_header: Summary
text: Samuel Luther "Big Sam" Thompson (March 5, 1860 – November 7, 1922) was an American professional baseball player from 1884 to 1898 and with a brief comeback in 1906.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vicar of Wakefield is written such that the ending chapter is actually the middle chapter.
Wikipedia page: The Vicar of Wakefield (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure and narrative technique
text: Chapters 4–29: main part Chapters 30–32: endingChapter 17, when Olivia is reported to be fled, can be regarded as the climax as well as an essential turning point of the novel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The state is well known and often visited by hunters for its large game.
Wikipedia page: Maine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy
text: The state is a popular destination for sport hunting (particularly deer, moose and bear), sport fishing, snowmobiling, skiing, boating, camping and hiking, among other activities.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bud Selig and his wife Donna Chaimson have three daughters: Sari, Wendy and Molly.
Wikipedia page: Bud Selig (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He married his first wife, Donna Chaimson, in the 1950s, and they had two daughters: Sari (born 1957) and Wendy (born 1960).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador that was known for his conquest of Peru and was born in Trujillo.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Pizarro (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain.
section_header: Summary
text: Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: San Francisco still has fisherman that go out into the bay to make a living.
Wikipedia page: San Francisco (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Cityscape | Neighborhoods
text: Cable cars carry riders up steep inclines to the summit of Nob Hill, once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to the waterfront tourist attractions of Fisherman's Wharf, and Pier 39, where many restaurants feature Dungeness crab from a still-active fishing industry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Sound of music was the last musical by Rodgers and Hammerstein and Hammerstein died shortly after the film was released.
Wikipedia page: The Sound of Music (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Musical numbers
text: Many stage revivals have also included "I Have Confidence" and "Something Good", which were written by Richard Rodgers for the film version (since the film was made after original lyricist Oscar Hammerstein's death).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Plessy v. Ferguson was a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court were the Supreme Court upheld segregation but the decision was not unanimous.
Wikipedia page: Plessy v. Ferguson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".
section_header: Summary
text: Justice John Marshall Harlan was the lone dissenter from the Court's decision, writing that the U.S. Constitution "is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens", and so the law's distinguishing of passengers' races should have been found unconstitutional.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Whiskey Rebellion was a protest about the taxation of alcohol in the colonial times.
Wikipedia page: Whiskey Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane.
section_header: Summary
text: The "whiskey tax" became law in 1791, and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mila Kunis's mother was a physics teacher who ran a pharmacy.
Wikipedia page: Mila Kunis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her mother, Elvira, is a physics teacher who runs a pharmacy, and her father, Mark Kunis, is a mechanical engineer who works as a cab driver.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willie Keeler didn't start playing baseball until after he finished college.
Wikipedia page: Willie Keeler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He quit school the following year, and played semiprofessional baseball in the New York City area.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The comedy-drama movie did not make much money and was destroyed by the reviews.
Wikipedia page: Terms of Endearment (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Critical reception
text: The film was generally well regarded by critics.
section_header: Release | Critical reception
text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 77% approval rating based on 53 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.51/10.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thebes is a Mesopotamian city that plays a role in Greek mythology.
Wikipedia page: Thebes, Greece (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [tʰɛ̂ːbai̯]) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Barry White was a famous singer known for his iconic voice and learned his talent in North Central America.
Wikipedia page: Barry White (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He grew up in South Central Los Angeles, California.
section_header: Acting career
text: In the episode "Whacking Day", Bart and Lisa used his famous deep bass singing voice, played through loudspeakers placed on the ground, to lull and attract snakes, saving them from extermination.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gentleman's Agreement got a mostly unfavorable reception.
Wikipedia page: Gentleman's Agreement (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception and box-office
text: Gentleman's Agreement received a generally favorable reception from influential New York Times critic Bosley Crowther.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ingrid Daubechies did go to University at 15.
Wikipedia page: Ingrid Daubechies (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: After completing the Lyceum in Hasselt she entered the Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 17.Daubechies completed her undergraduate studies in physics at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in 1975.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The study of magnetic fields has only been around for five hundred years.
Wikipedia page: Magnetic field (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Although magnets and magnetism were studied much earlier, the research of magnetic fields began in 1269 when French scholar Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt mapped out the magnetic field on the surface of a spherical magnet using iron needles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is the longest major poem from the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
Wikipedia page: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner (originally The Rhyme of the Ancyent Marinere) is the longest major poem by the English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge, written in 1797–98 and published in 1798 in the first edition of Lyrical Ballads.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sousa was an English born American composer.
Wikipedia page: John Philip Sousa (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Philip Sousa (; November 6, 1854 – March 6, 1932) was an American composer and conductor of the late Romantic era known primarily for American military marches.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Will Smith of Philadelphia knew he had an in at MIT because of his nun teacher at " Our Lady of Lourdes" instilled in him an accurate spiritual compass to learn.
Wikipedia page: Will Smith (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: According to Smith, "My mother, who worked for the School Board of Philadelphia, had a friend who was the admissions officer at MIT.
section_header: Early life
text: While it has been widely reported that Smith turned down a scholarship to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he never applied to college because he "wanted to rap.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ernest Hemingway wrote the novel.
Wikipedia page: A Farewell to Arms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Farewell to Arms is a novel by Ernest Hemingway set during the Italian campaign of World War I. First published in 1929, it is a first-person account of an American, Frederic Henry, serving as a lieutenant ("tenente") in the ambulance corps of the Italian Army.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Kalevala is considered the singularly most important work in Finnish literature.
Wikipedia page: Kalevala (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is regarded as the national epic of Karelia and Finland and is one of the most significant works of Finnish literature.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Irène Joliot-Curie, the first of Marie and Pierre's two daughters, lost her father in 1906 due to a horse-drawn wagon accident.
Wikipedia page: Irène Joliot-Curie (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life and education
text: Irène was born in Paris, France in 1897 and was the first of Marie and Pierre's two daughters.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Simmons fell on the concrete close to his house and passed and it was believed to be from heart failure.
Wikipedia page: Al Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: He had collapsed on a sidewalk near the Milwaukee Athletic Club, where he lived, and was thought to have suffered a heart attack.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film Thelma & Louise, Thelma Dickinson is played by Amanda Temple.
Wikipedia page: Thelma & Louise (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: Susan Sarandon as Louise Elizabeth Sawyer Geena Davis as Thelma Yvonne Dickinson
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: St. Peter's Basilica is a cathedral in Vatican City and the largest building in the Vatican City.
Wikipedia page: St. Peter's Basilica (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Contrary to popular misconception, it is not a cathedral because it is not the seat of a bishop; the cathedra of the pope as Bishop of Rome is at Saint John Lateran.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bill Mazeroski has South American ancestry.
Wikipedia page: Bill Mazeroski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Mazeroski was born in Wheeling, West Virginia of Polish descent and grew up a Cleveland Indians fan in Rush Run, Ohio.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Crane was quoted saying that you cannot write about an experience you did not have but still wrote a book about a soldier even though he was never part of the army.
Wikipedia page: The Red Badge of Courage (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Historical accuracy and inspiration
text: Although Crane once wrote in a letter, "You can tell nothing... unless you are in that condition yourself," he wrote The Red Badge of Courage without any experience of war.
section_header: Historical accuracy and inspiration
text: While trying to explain his ability to write about battle realistically, Crane stated: "Of course, I have never been in a battle, but I believe that I got my sense of the rage of conflict on the football field, or else fighting is a hereditary instinct, and I wrote intuitively; for the Cranes were a family of fighters in the old days".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hudson's Bay Company was a silver trading company.
Wikipedia page: Hudson's Bay Company (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A fur trading business for much of its existence, HBC now owns and operates retail stores in Canada and the United States.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Victoria became a Queen at only 18 years old.
Wikipedia page: Queen Victoria (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early reign
text: Victoria turned 18 on 24 May 1837, and a regency was avoided.
section_header: Early reign
text: Less than a month later, on 20 June 1837, William IV died at the age of 71, and Victoria became Queen of the United Kingdom.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: President Tyler was impeached.
Wikipedia page: John Tyler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Presidency (1841–1845) | Economic policy and party conflicts | Impeachment attempt
text: The Whigs were unable to pursue further impeachment proceedings in the subsequent 28th Congress—in the elections of 1842 they retained a majority in the Senate but lost control of the House.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Upanishads are the latest section of the most ancient written tenets of Hinduism.
Wikipedia page: Upanishads (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They are the most recent part of the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, the Vedas, that deal with meditation, philosophy, and ontological knowledge; other parts of the Vedas deal with mantras, benedictions, rituals, ceremonies, and sacrifices.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richie Ashburn nickname was Putt-Putt and passed away from a myocardial infarction.
Wikipedia page: Richie Ashburn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Don Richard Ashburn (March 19, 1927 – September 9, 1997), also known by the nicknames, "Putt-Putt", "The Tilden Flash", and "Whitey" (due to his light-blond hair), was an American center fielder in Major League Baseball. (Some sources give his full middle name as "Richie".) He was born in Tilden, Nebraska.
section_header: Post-career and death
text: On September 9, 1997 in New York City, after broadcasting the Phillies-Mets game at Shea Stadium, Ashburn suffered a heart attack and died.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Calhoun's final utterance before he died were "I love you Lucy."
Wikipedia page: John C. Calhoun (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death, last words, and burial
text: Last words attributed to him were "The South, the poor South!"He was interred at St. Philip's Churchyard in Charleston, South Carolina.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Beggar's Opera is a comedy with raw, shocking scenes.
Wikipedia page: The Beggar's Opera (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is one of the watershed plays in Augustan drama and is the only example of the once thriving genre of satirical ballad opera to remain popular today.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roberto Clemente was the last child from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Roberto Clemente (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: He was the youngest of seven kids.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Aristotle was not a collectivist.
Wikipedia page: Aristotle (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Practical philosophy | Politics
text: Moreover, he considered the city to be prior in importance to the family which in turn is prior to the individual, "for the whole must of necessity be prior to the part".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paul Revere's Ride is not that accurate and has some major inaccurate facts.
Wikipedia page: Paul Revere's Ride (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Paul Revere's Ride" (1860) is a poem by American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow that commemorates the actions of American patriot Paul Revere on April 18, 1775, although with significant inaccuracies.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gaetano Donizetti was the first child from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Gaetano Donizetti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and musical education in Bergamo and Bologna
text: The youngest of three sons, Donizetti was born in 1797 in Bergamo's Borgo Canale quarter, located just outside the city walls.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: If Texas would be an independent country, it would be the 10th richest globally.
Wikipedia page: Texas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: If Texas were a sovereign state, it would be the 10th largest economy in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The West African Malie Empire was composed of three states and a coalition of allied territories who were ruled by farbas.
Wikipedia page: Mali Empire (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Organization
text: In return for their submission, they became "farbas", a combination of the Mandinka words "farin" and "ba" (great farin).
section_header: Organization
text: These farbas would rule their old kingdoms in the name of the mansa with most of the authority they held prior to joining the Manden Kurufaba.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Ode on a Grecian Urn" is a poem by Percy Shelley.
Wikipedia page: Ode on a Grecian Urn (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Ode on a Grecian Urn" is a poem written by the English Romantic poet John Keats in May 1819, first published anonymously in Annals of the Fine Arts for 1819 (see 1820 in poetry).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Othello ends much like Hamlet, with a lot of corpses.
Wikipedia page: Othello (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Act V
text: Lodovico apprehends both Iago and Othello for the murders of Roderigo, Emilia, and Desdemona, but Othello commits suicide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Otto's birth name means dwelling of the sun.
Wikipedia page: Otto von Bismarck (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (born von Bismarck-Schönhausen; German: Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (born von Bismarck-Schönhausen; German: Otto Eduard Leopold Fürst von Bismarck, Herzog zu Lauenburg; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), known as Otto von Bismarck (German: [ˈɔto fɔn ˈbɪsmaʁk] (listen)), was a conservative German statesman who masterminded the unification of Germany in 1871 and served as its first chancellor until 1890, in which capacity he dominated European affairs for two decades.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hamilton was born and raised in Scotland until the age of 12 when he secured passage to the U.S.
Wikipedia page: Alexander Hamilton (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hamilton was born out of wedlock in Charlestown, Nevis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Fleetwood Mac have been operating for over 50 years.
Wikipedia page: Fleetwood Mac (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1967–1970: Formation and early years
text: Fleetwood Mac were formed in July 1967 in London, England, when Peter Green left the British blues band John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers.
section_header: History | 2014–present: Return of McVie and departure of Buckingham
text: " One of Kirwan's songs, "Tell Me All the Things You Do" from the 1970 album Kiln House, was included in the set of the 2018–19 An Evening with Fleetwood Mac tour.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Because he was the owner, Walter O'Malley was able to move two MLB teams out of New York and to California.
Wikipedia page: Walter O'Malley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles
text: O'Malley was also influential in getting the rival New York Giants to move west to become the San Francisco Giants, thus preserving the two teams' longstanding rivalry.
section_header: Summary
text: In 1958, as owner of the Dodgers, he brought major league baseball to the West Coast, moving the Dodgers from Brooklyn to Los Angeles despite the Dodgers being the second most profitable team in baseball from 1946–1956,  and coordinating the move of the New York Giants to San Francisco at a time when there were no teams west of Kansas City, Missouri.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sam Thompson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1984, and was the first major league player to reach 20 home runs and 20 stolen bases in the same season.
Wikipedia page: Sam Thompson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The stomach not used in the first stage of digestion.
Wikipedia page: Stomach (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the digestive system the stomach is involved in the second phase of digestion, following chewing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Marlon Brando was not a fan of modern music or modern icons.
Wikipedia page: Marlon Brando (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Final years and death
text: Brando also participated in the singer's two-day solo career 30th-anniversary celebration concerts in 2001, and starred in his 13-minute-long music video, "You Rock My World," in the same year.
section_header: Final years and death
text: A longtime close friend of entertainer Michael Jackson
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Ozymandias" is the same as Ramesses.
Wikipedia page: Ozymandias (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Ozymandias" ( oz-ee-MAN-dee-əs) is the title of two related sonnets published in 1818.
section_header: Origin
text: In antiquity, Ozymandias (Ὀσυμανδύας) was a Greek name for the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The term Hittites is taken out of the Quran.
Wikipedia page: Hittites (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The conventional name "Hittites" is due to their initial identification with the Biblical Hittites in 19th century archaeology.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The author of Areopagitica would vehemently  disagree with the old adage of "If you don't have anything nice to say, don't say anything at all."
Wikipedia page: Areopagitica (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Argument
text: Milton defends this purpose, holding that to bring forth complaints before the Parliament is a matter of civil liberty and loyalty, because constructive criticism is better than false flattery.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Swift switched schools during her high school.
Wikipedia page: Taylor Swift (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1989–2003: Early life
text: Swift attended Hendersonville High School but transferred to the Aaron Academy after two years, which could better accommodate her touring schedule through homeschooling; she graduated a year early.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Louvre is visited by more visitors that any other museum in the world.
Wikipedia page: Louvre (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Louvre (English:  LOOV(-rə)), or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre [myze dy luvʁ] (listen)), is the world's  largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France.
section_header: History | 21st century
text: It is the world's most visited museum, averaging 15,000 visitors per day, 65 percent of whom are foreign tourists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Two peace treaties signed in October 1648 are together called The Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War had all the delegates meet to write the treaties.
Wikipedia page: Peace of Westphalia (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A total of 109 delegations arrived to represent the belligerent states, but not all delegations were present at the same time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: India is the democratic country with the most people.
Wikipedia page: India (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the second-most populous country, the seventh-largest country by area, and the most populous democracy in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Georges Clemenceau ran a newspaper during WWI.
Wikipedia page: Georges Clemenceau (History)
Evidence:
section_header: The beginning of the Third Republic | In cabinet
text: Three years later, on 6 May 1913, he founded L'Homme libre ("The Free Man") newspaper in Paris, for which he wrote a daily editorial.
section_header: The beginning of the Third Republic | Dreyfus Affair
text: on the front page of the Paris daily newspaper L'Aurore, of which he was owner and editor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 2 Boer Wars consisted of the British empire overpowering the South African Republics of Boer after a violent and difficult war.
Wikipedia page: Boer Wars (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War
text: The First Boer War, also known as the First Anglo-Boer War or the Transvaal War, was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 and was the first clash between the British and the South African Republic (Z.A.R.) Boers.
section_header: Boer Wars | Second Anglo-Boer War
text: After a protracted hard-fought war, the two independent republics lost and were absorbed into the British Empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: MetLife Stadium is the home stadium for 2 NFL teams, the New York Giants and the New York Jets, and is located in New York City, New York.
Wikipedia page: MetLife Stadium (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: MetLife Stadium is an American sports stadium located at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, 8 miles (13 km) west of New York City.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Keanu Charles Reeves is Israeli by birth.
Wikipedia page: Keanu Reeves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ivan's dad was poisoned.
Wikipedia page: Ivan the Terrible (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother Elena Glinskaya initially acted as regent, but she died of what many believe to be assassination by poison, in 1538 when Ivan was only eight years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book Our American Cousin was written by Joseph Jefferson.
Wikipedia page: Our American Cousin (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Our American Cousin is a three-act play by English playwright Tom Taylor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexander Dubček was ultimately for the separation of the Slovak and Czech territories.
Wikipedia page: Prague Spring (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath
text: He later led the Social Democratic Party of Slovakia, and spoke against the dissolution of Czechoslovakia before his death in November 1992.
section_header: Aftermath
text: After the collapse of the Communist regime that month, Dubček became chairman of the federal assembly under the Havel administration.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stonehenge is a bunch of rocks in England that has been used in ritualistic events.
Wikipedia page: Stonehenge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, two miles (3 km) west of Amesbury.
section_header: Modern history | Archaeological research and restoration | 2000s
text: According to team leader Vince Gaffney, this discovery may provide a direct link between the rituals and astronomical events to activities within the Cursus at Stonehenge.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Huldrych Zwingli served as a pastor in Glarus and later in Einsiedeln, and was a leader of the Reformation in England.
Wikipedia page: Huldrych Zwingli (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Huldrych Zwingli or Ulrich Zwingli (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland, born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: An electric current can cause a magnetic field.
Wikipedia page: Electric current (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They also create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Scott Joplin was a piano player and who wrote more than 95 pieces.
Wikipedia page: Scott Joplin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During his brief career, he wrote over 100 original ragtime pieces, one ragtime ballet, and two operas.
section_header: Summary
text: Scott Joplin (c. 1868 – April 1, 1917) was an African-American composer and pianist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Trading was done with a few European countries during the time of this government.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa shogunate (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Government | Shogun and foreign trade
text: The visits of the Nanban ships from Portugal were at first the main vector of trade exchanges, followed by the addition of Dutch, English and sometimes Spanish ships.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ozzie Smith's parents were never married but they still attended most of his games together.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Smith was attending junior high school, his parents divorced.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Yastrzemski only played with one team during his MLB career.
Wikipedia page: Carl Yastrzemski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Yastrzemski played his entire 23-year Major League career with the Boston Red Sox (1961–1983).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kell played for 5 MLB teams.
Wikipedia page: George Kell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Clyde Kell (August 23, 1922 – March 24, 2009) was an American Major League Baseball third baseman who played 15 seasons for the Philadelphia Athletics (1943–1946), Detroit Tigers (1947–1952), Boston Red Sox (1952–1954), Chicago White Sox (1954–1956), and Baltimore Orioles (1956–57).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The clock was darkened for several years, twice, to prevent airplane based explosive aggressions.
Wikipedia page: Big Ben (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 20th century
text: 1916: For two years during World War I, the bells were silenced and the clock faces were not illuminated at night to avoid guiding attacking German Zeppelins.29 December 1927: Snow build-up on a clock face stopped the clock.
section_header: Clock | Breakdowns and other incidents | 20th century
text: Winter 1928: Heavy snow stopped the clock for several hours.2 April 1934: The clock stopped from 7:16 a.m. to 1:15 pm, when it was repaired.23 September 1936: A painter painting the inside of the clock room placed a ladder against a shaft driving the hands, stopping the clock from 8:47 to 10 am.1 September 1939: Although the bells continued to ring, the clock faces were not illuminated at night throughout World War II to avoid guiding bomber pilots during the Blitz.10 May 1941: A German bombing raid damaged two of the clock's dials.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paul Mc Cartney and Ringo Starr are not anymore musically active.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: McCartney and Starr remain musically active.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Babur was poisoned and passed away in his 40s.
Wikipedia page: Babur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and legacy
text: He wrote, "Everyone regrets drinking and swears an oath (of abstinence); I swore the oath and regret that." Babur died in Agra at the age of 47 on 5 January
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Carl Yastrzemski is an 18-time All-Star an American former Major League Baseball player.
Wikipedia page: Carl Yastrzemski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Yastrzemski is an 18-time All-Star, the possessor of seven Gold Gloves, a member of the 3,000 hit club, and the first American League player in that club to also accumulate over 400 home runs.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eppa Rixley didn't know any dead languages.
Wikipedia page: Eppa Rixey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: An intellectual who taught high school Latin during the off-season, earning the nickname "Jephtha" for his southern drawl, Rixey was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No energy is destroyed due to friction but can be lost from the system by the release of thermal energy.
Wikipedia page: Friction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the presence of friction, some kinetic energy is always transformed to thermal energy, so mechanical energy is not conserved.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alcibiades was not known to be the most handsome man.
Wikipedia page: Alcibiades (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Alcibiades was famed throughout his life for his physical attractiveness, of which he was inordinately vain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Howards End was filmed in Ireland.
Wikipedia page: Howards End (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming locations
text: Filming locations in London included a house in Victoria Square, which stood in for the Schlegel home, Fortnum & Mason in Piccadilly, Simpson's-in-the-Strand restaurant, and St. Pancras Station.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Henry VII of England was the final English king to take the throne by force excerted on the battlefields.
Wikipedia page: Henry VII of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the last king of England to win his throne on the field of battle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Freddie Lindstrom spent half of his baseball career playing for the New York Giants  and the remainder playing for the Atlanta Braves.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Lindstrom (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Frederick Charles Lindstrom (November 21, 1905 – October 4, 1981) was a National League baseball player with the New York Giants, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs and Brooklyn Dodgers from 1924 until 1936.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: V was born December 15, 1830 to Elizabeth Kīnaʻu and  Mataio Kekūanāoʻa in Hawai'i.
Wikipedia page: Kamehameha V (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother was Elizabeth Kīnaʻu and father
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Columbus ended the lives of many native Americans when he came to the Americas.
Wikipedia page: Christopher Columbus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Accusations of tyranny and brutality
text: The document also describes how Columbus put down native unrest and revolt: he first ordered a brutal crackdown in which many natives were killed, and then paraded their dismembered bodies through the streets in an attempt to discourage further rebellion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Great Wall of China is a collection of walls built in China by the Chang dynasty.
Wikipedia page: Great Wall of China (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The most well-known sections of the wall were built by the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The play The Two Noble Kinsmen is believed to be Shakespeare's last work.
Wikipedia page: The Two Noble Kinsmen (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Two Noble Kinsmen is a Jacobean tragicomedy, first published in 1634 and attributed to John Fletcher and William Shakespeare.
section_header: Summary
text: This play is believed to have been William Shakespeare's final play before he retired to Stratford-Upon-Avon and died three years later.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The initial performance of the, The Threepenny Opera,  in the UK was done in the 1950's.
Wikipedia page: The Threepenny Opera (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Premieres | United Kingdom
text: In the United Kingdom, the first fully staged performance was given on 9 February 1956, under Berthold Goldschmidt, although there had been a concert performance in 1933, and a semi-staged performance on 28 July 1938.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Che Guevara had some Irish roots.
Wikipedia page: Che Guevara (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the eldest of five children in a middle-class Argentine family of Spanish (including Basque and Cantabrian) descent, as well as Irish by means of his patrilineal ancestor Patrick Lynch.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Presley passed away in 1977.
Wikipedia page: Elvis Presley (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), also known simply as Elvis, was an American singer and actor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frederick Douglass was born in the North of the United States but he and his family were captured and taken to the South illegally and sold into slavery.
Wikipedia page: Frederick Douglass (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Life as a slave
text: When radical abolitionists, under the motto "No Union with Slaveholders," criticized Douglass' willingness to engage in dialogue with slave owners, he replied: "I would unite with anybody to do right and with nobody to do wrong." Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey was born into slavery on the Eastern Shore of the Chesapeake Bay in Talbot County, Maryland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Timur  brutally occupied three countries and made preparations to battle China.
Wikipedia page: Timur (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Campaigns in the Levant
text: In 1400, Timur invaded Armenia and Georgia.
section_header: Attempts to attack the Ming dynasty
text: Timur eventually planned to invade China.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Van Halen brothers were born in Amsterdam and they met David Lee Roth in high school.
Wikipedia page: Van Halen (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1972–1977: Formation and early history
text: They initially rented a sound system from David Lee Roth but decided to save money by letting him join as lead vocalist even though his previous audition(s) had been unsuccessful.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Daft Punk started out in Germany.
Wikipedia page: Daft Punk (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Daft Punk are a French electronic music duo formed in Paris in 1993 by Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo and Thomas Bangalter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Merchant of Venice 16th-century play written by William Shakespeare has had four operas from 1905-2013.
Wikipedia page: The Merchant of Venice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations and cultural references | Operas
text: The Merchant of Venice premiered at the Bregenz Festival on 18 July 2013.
section_header: Adaptations and cultural references | Operas
text: Josef Bohuslav Foerster's three-act Czech opera Jessika was first performed at the Prague National Theatre in 1905.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: To Kill a Mockingbird was published in 1960, and is widely read in high schools and middle schools in the United States, it has become a classic of modern American literature, winning the Pulitzer Prize.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actor Tom Cruise is known for his stability.
Wikipedia page: Tom Cruise (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: In his senior year of high school, he played football for the varsity team as a linebacker, but was cut from the squad after getting caught drinking beer before a game.
section_header: Personal life | Relationships and wealth
text: A month later, Cruise publicly declared his love for Holmes on The Oprah Winfrey Show, famously jumping up and down on Winfrey's couch during the show.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gadsden Purchase included California in the agreement with Mexico as well as Arizona and New Mexico.
Wikipedia page: Gadsden Purchase (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Final negotiations and ratification of the treaty of purchase | Post-ratification controversy
text: The purchased lands were initially appended to the existing New Mexico Territory.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Yogi Berra limited his role to a coach after playing 19 seasons in  Major League Baseball.
Wikipedia page: Yogi Berra (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (May 12, 1925 – September 22, 2015) was an American professional baseball catcher, who later took on the roles of manager and coach.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Death in Venice is a book about a man that obsesses over a youth and he is in his forties.
Wikipedia page: Death in Venice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The main character is Gustav von Aschenbach, a famous author in his early fifties who has recently been ennobled in honor of his artistic achievement (thus acquiring the aristocratic "von" in his name).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maria participated in the first World War by mobilizing X-ray machines to diagnose and help treat soldiers, literally running ambulances which were called "Little Curies". France formally recognized her contribution, and awarded her for her performance as a radiologist.
Wikipedia page: Maria Skłodowska-Curie (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | World War I
text: In spite of all her humanitarian contributions to the French war effort, Curie never received any formal recognition of it from the French government.
section_header: Life | World War I
text: she procured X-ray equipment, vehicles, auxiliary generators, and developed mobile radiography units, which came to be popularly known as petites Curies ("Little Curies").
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Australian children only attend  school till they are 14.
Wikipedia page: Australia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Education
text: Education is the responsibility of the individual states and territories so the rules vary between states, but in general children are required to attend school from the age of about 5 until about 16.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Hurt Locker is about an EOD technicians in the Iraq War.
Wikipedia page: The Hurt Locker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film follows an Iraq War Explosive Ordnance Disposal team who are targeted by insurgents, and shows their psychological reactions to the stress of combat, which is intolerable to some and addictive to others.
Verdict: SUPPORTS