tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Agamemnon's dad murder killed his nephews.
Wikipedia page: Agamemnon (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Agamemnon's father, Atreus, murdered the sons of his twin brother Thyestes and fed them to Thyestes after discovering Thyestes' adultery with his wife Aerope.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Franz Schubert had roots from Germany.
Wikipedia page: Franz Schubert (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life and education
text: Schubert's immediate ancestors came originally from the province of Zuckmantel in Austrian Silesia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Time Machine is a fictional story about time travel.
Wikipedia page: The Time Machine (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: He reveals that he has built a machine capable of carrying a person through time, and returns at dinner the following week to recount a remarkable tale, becoming the new narrator.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gomez is a Texan.
Wikipedia page: Selena Gomez (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born and raised in Texas, Gomez began her career by appearing on the children's television series Barney & Friends (2002–2004).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: President Churchill and Prime Minister Roosevelt were the main participants from the United States and the United Kingdom.
Wikipedia page: Atlantic Charter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin
text: US President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and UK Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, discussed what would become the Atlantic Charter in 1941 during the Atlantic Conference in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Big Bang Theory television show had positive and negative comments from the professional viewpoint, and its viewers helped to slowly increase the ratings.
Wikipedia page: The Big Bang Theory (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Big Bang Theory received mixed reviews from critics throughout its first season, but reception was more favorable in the second and third seasons.
section_header: Summary
text: Despite the mixed reviews, seven seasons of the show have ranked within the top ten of the final television season ratings, ultimately reaching the no. 1 spot in its eleventh season.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dark of the Moon was released in 2010.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Dark of the Moon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Transformers: Dark of the Moon is a 2011 American science fiction action film directed by Michael Bay, and it is based on the Transformers toy line.
section_header: Release
text: Transformers: Dark of the Moon first premiered at the Moscow International Film Festival on June 23, 2011.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Daisy Miller is the love interest for the main character in a famous work set amongst social climbing Americans who party hard in New England in the 1920s.
Wikipedia page: Daisy Miller (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Delhi Metro is the oldest station that was erected in for mass transit.
Wikipedia page: Delhi Metro (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is by far the largest and busiest metro in India, and second oldest after the Kolkata Metro.
section_header: History | Initial construction
text: Physical construction work on the Delhi Metro started on 1 October 1998.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Doctor Dolittle was a television show for awhile.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Dolittle (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: und seine Tiere (Doctor Dolittle and his Animals), a silent animated short in German by Lotte Reiniger 1970–1972: Doctor Dolittle animated TV series, produced at DePatie-Freleng Enterprises for 20th Century Fox TelevisionThe Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (ドリトルせんせいものがたり) (1984, U.S.-Japan coproduction, not aired in Japan until 1997)  2011: The Voyages of Young Doctor Dolittle direct-to-video animated film, starring Jane Seymour, Jason Alexander, and Tim CurryAudio:  1933–1934: NBC radio series 1995–2001: BBC audio books read by Alan BennettStages  1973: stage adaptation by the Philadelphia Boys Choir & Chorale, which was used during their concert tour to Belgium and Kenya 1998: Doctor Dolittle stage musical by Leslie Bricusse, based on the 1967 film musical 2007: stage musical adaptation by TheatreWorksUSA, written by Randy Courts and Mark St. GermainFilm:  1967: Doctor Dolittle, starring Rex Harrison 1998: Dr. Dolittle and its sequels: Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), Dr. Dolittle 3 (2006),
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Fast food cuisine is not very desired in large cities of Pakistan as they prefer traditional Middle eastern cooking.
Wikipedia page: Pakistan (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture and society | Food and drink | Fast food
text: In addition to the traditional food, fast food is also very famous across the country.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There was an audio-only version of Yankee Doodle Dandy made after the successful movie, though it used an altered cast.
Wikipedia page: Yankee Doodle Dandy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: Yankee Doodle Dandy was adapted as a radio play on the October 19, 1942 broadcast of The Screen Guild Theater, starring James Cagney with Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Traynor was called "Pie" because he always baked pies for friends.
Wikipedia page: Pie Traynor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He received his nickname as a child in Somerville, Massachusetts, because he frequented a grocery store and often asked for pie.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film featured a different composer from previous films.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Music
text: Instead, Alexandre Desplat was hired to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1.
section_header: Production | Music
text: Composer Nicholas Hooper, who scored Order of the Phoenix and Half-Blood Prince, did not return for Deathly Hallows.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tristram Edgar Speaker was a left fielder.
Wikipedia page: Tris Speaker (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Considered one of the greatest offensive and defensive center fielders in the history of Major League Baseball (MLB), he compiled a career batting average of .345 (sixth all-time).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Momentum is usually denoted by "p."
Wikipedia page: Momentum (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Quantum mechanical
text: For example, in momentum space the momentum operator is represented as                                    p
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Louis was born and raised in Kentucky but moved to Boston eventually.
Wikipedia page: Louis Brandeis (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Family roots
text: Louis David Brandeis (later: Louis Dembitz Brandeis — see below) was born on November 13, 1856, in Louisville, Kentucky, the youngest of four children.
section_header: Summary
text: Brandeis settled in Boston, where he founded a law firm (that is still in practice today as Nutter McClennen & Fish) and became a recognized lawyer through his work on progressive social causes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mourning Becomes Electra was a movie by Emma Ames and Christine Mannon that is based on the book by Joseph Blake.
Wikipedia page: Mourning Becomes Electra (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mourning Becomes Electra is a play cycle written by American playwright Eugene O'Neill.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This novel is sad and in it many humans die from the same cause.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope bridge in Peru, and the events that lead up to their being on the bridge.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel is supposedly a recounting of the story of a malefactor.
Wikipedia page: Moll Flanders (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel is based partially on the life of Moll King, a London criminal whom Defoe met while visiting Newgate Prison.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lou Gehrig was first called "The Iron Horse."
Wikipedia page: Lou Gehrig (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 2,130 consecutive games
text: During the streak sportswriters in 1931 nicknamed Gehrig "the Iron Horse".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pendleton was once a nominee for Vice President.
Wikipedia page: George H. Pendleton (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and served as the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1864.
section_header: Career | National politics
text: Pendleton ran as an antiwar Democrat in the 1864 presidential elections for Vice President, together with George McClellan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tammany Hall exerted its influence in Boston and its surrounding villages.
Wikipedia page: Tammany Hall (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vietnam produces much of the earth's supply of peppercorn.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy | Agriculture
text: It is now the world's largest producer of cashew nuts, with a one-third global share; the largest producer of black pepper, accounting for one-third of the world's market; and the second-largest rice exporter in the world after Thailand since the 1990s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mack was the longest-serving manager in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Connie Mack (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The longest-serving manager in Major League Baseball history
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut is a 1969 novel is about a prisoner of war being help in a slaughterhouse.
Wikipedia page: Slaughterhouse Five (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The text centers on Billy's capture by the German Army and his survival of the Allied firebombing of Dresden as a prisoner of war, an experience which Vonnegut himself lived through as an American serviceman.
section_header: Plot
text: The Germans hold Billy and his fellow prisoners in an empty slaughterhouse called Schlachthof-fünf ("slaughterhouse five").
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Bench made an entire career out of squatting on the ground and having grown men throw balls at him.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Bench (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played his entire career in Major League Baseball as a catcher for the Cincinnati Reds from 1967 through 1983.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A glacier only manifests on a surface of water.
Wikipedia page: Glacier (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Cherokee assimilated to western culture since the 19th century.
Wikipedia page: Cherokee (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author for the book Arrowsmith was awarded but declined the 1925 Pulitzer Prize award.
Wikipedia page: Arrowsmith (novel) (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925.
section_header: Summary
text: It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gene Hackman's family moved from Pennsylvania when he was eight to help him find work as an actor.
Wikipedia page: Gene Hackman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Hackman decided that he wanted to become an actor when he was ten years old.
section_header: Early life and education
text: Hackman was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of Eugene Ezra Hackman and Anna Lyda Elizabeth (née Gray).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A theme of the television show Sons of Anarchy relates directly to a classic play about tragic young love that ends in death for both the boy and the girl.
Wikipedia page: Sons of Anarchy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Elements | Shakespearean influence
text: Sons of Anarchy has commonly been called "Hamlet on Harleys".
section_header: Elements | Shakespearean influence
text: " Ron Perlman believed they were "going to stick to the structure of Hamlet all the way to the end (of the series)."Numerous episode titles refer to Hamlet including:  Season 1, Episode 9, "Hell Followed".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mail.Ru originally started as a dating website.
Wikipedia page: Mail.Ru (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was started in 1998 as an e-mail service and went on to become a major corporate figure in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shania Twain's given name was Sandra Edwards.
Wikipedia page: Shania Twain (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Eilleen Twain OC (eye-LEEN) (born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965), known professionally as Shania Twain, is a Canadian singer and songwriter.
section_header: Early life
text: Twain was born Eilleen Regina Edwards in Windsor, Ontario, on August 28, 1965, to Sharon (née Morrison) and Clarence Edwards.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After an untimely death of his dad, Julius Caesar became the leader of his family as a teenager.
Wikipedia page: Julius Caesar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: In 85 BC, Caesar's father died suddenly, so Caesar was the head of the family at 16.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Great Northern War lasted 11 years.
Wikipedia page: Great Northern War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Hurt is an actor who has performed on stage and in films.
Wikipedia page: William Hurt (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams.
section_header: Career
text: Hurt began his career in stage productions, only later acting in films.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925, winning the Pulitzer Prize a year later.
Wikipedia page: Arrowsmith (novel) (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Palace of Westminster is sometimes called Westminster Abbey.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Westminster (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture and tourism
text: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) classifies the Palace of Westminster, along with neighbouring Westminster Abbey and St Margaret's, as a World Heritage Site.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cuban cuisine is served in many separate dishes at intervals.
Wikipedia page: Cuba (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Cuisine
text: The traditional Cuban meal is not served in courses; all food items are served at the same time.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Works and Days is written in the standard meter for Greek poetic epics.
Wikipedia page: Works and Days (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is in dactylic hexameter and contains 828 lines.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Billy Southworth played for the Boston Red Sox and a Hall of Famer.
Wikipedia page: Billy Southworth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He oversaw three pennant-winning St. Louis Cardinals teams, winning two World Series, and another pennant with the Boston Braves, the last National League title in Boston baseball history.
section_header: Legacy
text: Southworth was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: King Henry VII invested in trading alum.
Wikipedia page: Henry VII of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Reign | Trade agreements
text: With the assistance of the Italian merchant banker Lodovico della Fava and the Italian banker Girolamo Frescobaldi, Henry VII became deeply involved in the trade by licensing ships, obtaining alum from the Ottoman Empire, and selling it to the Low Countries and in England.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Romeo and Juliet is a love story about two teenagers who end up taking their own life to only have their families unite before their suicides.
Wikipedia page: Romeo and Juliet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Tropic of Cancer has the Sun directly overhead in the winter and it's highest mountain is in Taiwan.
Wikipedia page: Tropic of Cancer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent.
section_header: Climate
text: The highest mountain on or adjacent to the Tropic of Cancer is Yu Shan in Taiwan; though it had glaciers descending as low as 2,800 metres (9,190 ft) during the Last Glacial Maximum, none survive and at present no glaciers exist within 470 kilometres (290 mi) of the Tropic of Cancer; the nearest currently surviving are the Minyong and Baishui in the Himalayas to the north and on Iztaccíhuatl to the south.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It is a movie by Frances Burnett that is set in England.
Wikipedia page: The Secret Garden (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Secret Garden is a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett first published in book form in 1911, after serialization in The American Magazine (November 1910 – August 1911).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bostonians got positive critics during its release.
Wikipedia page: The Bostonians (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Film version
text: The movie earned mixed reviews, with a 60% "fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe McCarthy exaggerated his Marine missions which changed the meaning of his nickname "Tail-Gunner Joe" from being a hero to being a joke.
Wikipedia page: Joe McCarthy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career | Military service
text: Because of McCarthy's various lies about his military heroism, his "Tail-Gunner Joe" nickname was sarcastically used as a term of mockery by his critics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Shilde Harold's Pilgrimage is thought to be partially based on the author's own life.
Wikipedia page: Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins
text: The poem contains elements thought to be autobiographical, as Byron generated some of the storyline from experience gained during his travels through Portugal, the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea between 1809 and 1811.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Luke Appling did not coach after his professional career.
Wikipedia page: Luke Appling (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played for Chicago until 1950, then was a minor league manager and major league coach for many years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tina Turner got married in LA.
Wikipedia page: Tina Turner (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Ike Turner
text: After the birth of their son Ronnie in October 1960, they moved to Los Angeles in 1962 and married in Tijuana.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Jim Bottomley had twelve children.
Wikipedia page: Jim Bottomley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: The couple had no children. After he retired from baseball in 1938, Bottomley and his wife moved to the Bourbon, Missouri, area, where he raised Hereford cattle.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Two Gentlemen of Verona has the shortest cast list of all of Shakespeare's plays.
Wikipedia page: Two Gentlemen of Verona (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It has the smallest named cast of any play by Shakespeare.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Geraldine Page had roles in a couple of evening television programs in the Seventies.
Wikipedia page: Geraldine Page (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Mid-career work
text: The Rescuers. During this time, she also appeared on television, guest-starring in the popular series Kojak (1976) and Hawaii Five-O (1977).Page appeared as the mother of three siblings and wife of a prominent attorney in Woody Allen's Interiors (1978).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Resonance damping causes the frequency of the system to change.
Wikipedia page: Resonance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator
text: They are proportional, and if the damping ratio goes to zero they are the same, but for non-zero damping they are not the same frequency.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The first Star Wars film was released in 1977.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural impact
text: The first Star Wars film in 1977 was a cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lindstrom stopped playing baseball after thirteen seasons.
Wikipedia page: Freddie Lindstrom (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He retired after 13 seasons in 1936.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Keanu Reeves was raised in the Middle East.
Wikipedia page: Keanu Reeves (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jackson was born in the United States.
Wikipedia page: Glenda Jackson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Glenda May Jackson (born 9 May 1936) is a British actress and politician.
section_header: Early life
text: Glenda May Jackson was born on 9 May 1936 in Birkenhead, Cheshire, where her father was a builder and her mother worked in shops and as a cleaner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Portions of Tender is the Night are autobiographical.
Wikipedia page: Tender is the Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Composition
text: Also, the sequence in which a drunken Dick is beaten by police in Rome was written in this first version as well (with Francis as the beaten victim); this was based on a real incident that happened to Fitzgerald in Rome in 1924.
section_header: Composition
text: Fitzgerald's father died in 1931, an event that was written into the final novel as Dick's father's death.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Most nematodes are hermaphrodites.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reproduction
text: Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie adaptation of The Hunger Games came out in after 2011.
Wikipedia page: The Hunger Games (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Popular culture | Adaptations
text: The first film began production in Spring 2011, and was released in March 2012.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Garibaldi's relatives wanted to dig up his grave to make sure it was really him that was buried.
Wikipedia page: Giuseppe Garibaldi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death
text: In 2012, Garibaldi's descendants announced that, with permission from authorities, they would have Garibaldi's remains exhumed to confirm through DNA analysis that the remains in the tomb are indeed Garibaldi's.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The sting got favorable critics.
Wikipedia page: The Sting (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Spartacus was killed but no one saw him dead.
Wikipedia page: Spartacus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Third Servile War
text: Plutarch, Appian and Florus all claim that Spartacus died during the battle, but Appian also reports that his body was never found.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John C. Calhoun was a Northern man that was vice president in 1824.
Wikipedia page: John C. Calhoun (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Caldwell Calhoun (; March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina who served as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Goodfellas was shown for the first time in Italy.
Wikipedia page: Goodfellas (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Theatrical
text: Goodfellas premiered at the 47th Venice International Film Festival, where Scorsese received the Silver Lion award for best director.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rhodophyceae are included in the Chromalveolata super group in taxonomy.
Wikipedia page: Rhodophyta (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Taxonomy
text: If Plantae are defined more narrowly, to be the Viridiplantae, then the red algae might be considered their own kingdom,  or part of the kingdom Protista.
section_header: Taxonomy | Species of red algae
text: Over 7,000 species are currently described for the red algae, but the taxonomy is in constant flux with new species described each year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: German composer Robert Schumann married a cellist.
Wikipedia page: Robert Schumann (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A lifelong partnership in music began, as Clara herself was an established pianist and music prodigy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Michael Caine's acting career has lasted over sixty years.
Wikipedia page: Michael Caine (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Known for his trademark Cockney accent, he has appeared in more than 130 films during a career spanning over 60 years, and is considered a British film icon.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American singer Bruno Mars is accompanied by The Hooligans and was given the name Williamette Bayot at birth.
Wikipedia page: Bruno Mars (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, and dancer.
section_header: Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings
text: Peter Gene Hernandez was born on October 8, 1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Peter Hernandez and Bernadette San Pedro Bayot, and was raised in the Waikiki neighborhood of Honolulu.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pompez owned the Cuban Stars during his career and 1 other baseball team.
Wikipedia page: Alex Pompez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: Alex Pompez owned the Cuban Stars of the Eastern Colored League between 1923 and 1928 and the New York Cubans of the Negro National League from 1935 to 1951.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Smith Patton Jr. was an Army General  during World War 2 and passed away in a car accident.
Wikipedia page: Patton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Smith Patton Jr. (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a general of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, and the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.
section_header: Postwar | Accident and death
text: Think of the waste. " Moments later his car collided with an American army truck at low speed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It took three years for the online personal styling service, Stitch Fix, to make money.
Wikipedia page: Stitch Fix (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Stitch Fix was founded in 2011 by Katrina Lake and former J.Crew buyer Erin Morrison Flynn.
section_header: History
text: Stitch Fix started to be profitable in 2014.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The battle was lead by Admiral Lord Nelson from Russia.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Trafalgar (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background | Cádiz
text: The same month, Admiral Lord Nelson returned home to Britain after two years of duty at sea.
section_header: Summary
text: They encountered the British fleet under Admiral Lord Nelson, recently assembled to meet this threat, in the Atlantic Ocean along the southwest coast of Spain, off Cape Trafalgar, near the town of Los Caños de Meca.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Time Machine ends with the time traveller missing.
Wikipedia page: The Time Machine (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: However, the narrator reveals that he has waited three years before writing and stating the Time Traveller has not returned from his journey.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Warren Giles was an American professional baseball executive who at only 24 became president of a baseball club and was part-owner of the Phillies in 1981.
Wikipedia page: Warren Giles (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds
text: Giles was elected president of the Moline, Illinois, Plowboys baseball club in the Class B Three-I League at age 23 in 1919, beginning his 50-year career in baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Homage to Catalonia recounts one families' struggles during the conflict in Spain.
Wikipedia page: Homage to Catalonia (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Homage to Catalonia is George Orwell's personal account of his experiences and observations fighting for the POUM militia of the Republican army during the Spanish Civil War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Eiffel Tower had the same architect as the Statue of Liberty.
Wikipedia page: Eiffel Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Origin
text: Eiffel openly acknowledged that inspiration for a tower came from the Latting Observatory built in New York City in 1853.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American basketball player Michael Jordan has multiple grandkids.
Wikipedia page: Michael Jordan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Jordan became a grandfather in 2019 when his daughter Jasmine gave birth to a son, whose father is professional basketball player Rakeem Christmas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kamehameha V reigned as the sixth monarch of Hawaii.
Wikipedia page: Kamehameha V (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Kamehameha V (Lota Kapuāiwa Kalanimakua Aliʻiōlani Kalanikupuapaʻīkalaninui; December 11, 1830 – December 11, 1872), reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1863 to 1872.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The tower is painted in 3 shades and was originally silver.
Wikipedia page: Eiffel Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Design | Aesthetics
text: It was originally reddish brown; this changed in 1968 to a bronze colour known as "Eiffel Tower Brown".
section_header: Design | Aesthetics
text: The tower is painted in three shades: lighter at the top, getting progressively darker towards the bottom to complement the Parisian sky.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Shakespeare's father worked in the carnival as a snake charmer.
Wikipedia page: William Shakespeare (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: William Shakespeare was the son of John Shakespeare, an alderman and a successful glover (glove-maker) originally from Snitterfield, and Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowning farmer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Dutch came up with a new tactical method for playing football.
Wikipedia page: Netherlands national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Total Football in the 1970s
text: During the 1970s, Total Football (Dutch: Totaalvoetbal) was invented, pioneered by Ajax and led by playmaker Johan Cruyff and national team head coach Rinus Michels.
section_header: History | Total Football in the 1970s
text: Since then everything looks more or less the same to me ... Their 'carousel' style of play was amazing to watch and marvelous for the game.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alex Pompez was a Cuban-American.
Wikipedia page: Alex Pompez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: Pompez was born on May 3, 1890, in Key West, Florida, the oldest of four children born to Cuban immigrants Jose and Loretta Pompez.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Che Guevara is a figure of rebellion.
Wikipedia page: Che Guevara (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American sportswriter Ford Christopher Frick ran his own company.
Wikipedia page: Ford Frick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Around this time, he had given some thought to starting his own advertising agency.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The twin skyscrapers are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur standing at 99-floors tall.
Wikipedia page: Petronas Towers (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The buildings are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur, along with nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower; they remain the tallest buildings in Kuala Lumpur.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel The Name of the Rose was written in French and translated into English in 1983.
Wikipedia page: The Name of the Rose (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bronze Horseman is a statue of Peter the Great has a mass of about fifteen thousand tons.
Wikipedia page: The Bronze Horseman (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The stone originally weighed about 1500 tonnes, but was carved down during transportation to its current size.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: French composer Jacques Offenbach wrote satire into his songs.
Wikipedia page: Jacques Offenbach (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The risqué humour (often about sexual intrigue) and mostly gentle satiric barbs in these pieces, together with Offenbach's facility for melody, made them internationally known, and translated versions were successful in Vienna, London and elsewhere in Europe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Peck was raised by his grandmother.
Wikipedia page: Gregory Peck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Peck's parents divorced when he was five, and he was brought up by his maternal grandmother, who took him to the movies every week.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sony's head office is located in Tokyo.
Wikipedia page: Sony (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Business units | Finance | Financial services
text: The company is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Boer Wars were spread over many years between South Africa and English militias.
Wikipedia page: Boer Wars (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War
text: The First Boer War, also known as the First Anglo-Boer War or the Transvaal War, was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 and was the first clash between the British and the South African Republic (Z.A.R.) Boers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chan grew up in Japan.
Wikipedia page: Margaret Chan (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Chan was born and raised in Hong Kong, although her ancestors came from Shunde, Guangdong.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mark Zuckerberg was once the leader of a combat sports group.
Wikipedia page: Mark Zuckerberg (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was captain of the fencing team.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johann Pachelbel wrote music exclusively for instrumentalists.
Wikipedia page: Johann Pachelbel (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Works | Vocal music
text: Partie a 4 in G major features no figuration for the lower part, which means that it was not a basso continuo and that, as Jean M. Perreault writes, "this work may well count as the first true string quartet, at least within the Germanophone domain." Johann Gottfried Walther famously described Pachelbel's vocal works as "more perfectly executed than anything before them".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Congress of Berlin happened in the 19th century.
Wikipedia page: Congress of Berlin (History)
Evidence:
section_header: References and further reading
text: "The Berlin Congress of 1878 and the Origins Of World War I.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Misanthrope comedy mocks Marie Antoinette's kingdom.
Wikipedia page: The Misanthrope (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play satirizes the hypocrisies of French aristocratic society, but it also engages a more serious tone when pointing out the flaws that all humans possess.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rita Levi-Montalciniwon won the Nobel prize.
Wikipedia page: Rita Levi-Montalcini (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and honors
text: In 1986, Levi-Montalcini and collaborator Stanley Cohen received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, as well as the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brazil does not have much land that is not coastal.
Wikipedia page: Brazil (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography
text: Brazil occupies a large area along the eastern coast of South America and includes much of the continent's interior, sharing land borders with Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Colombia to the northwest; and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and France (French overseas region of French Guiana) to the north.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There's a massive inaccessible cavern in the pyramid that has yet to be properly mapped or explored.
Wikipedia page: Great Pyramid of Giza (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Interior | The Big Void
text: In 2017, scientists from the ScanPyramids project discovered a large cavity above the Grand Gallery using muon radiography, which they called the "ScanPyramids Big Void".
section_header: Interior | The Big Void
text: To verify the "ScanPyramids Big Void" and pinpoint the same, a Japanese team of researchers from Kyushu University, Tohoku University, the University of Tokyo and the Chiba Institute of Technology plans to rescan the structure with a newly developed muon detector in 2020.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Seward was Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson.
Wikipedia page: William H. Seward (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States Senator.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: HP was founded in the 1960s.
Wikipedia page: Hewlett-Packard (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: HP was incorporated on August 18, 1947, and went public on November 6, 1957.Of the many projects they worked on, their first financially successful product was a precision audio oscillator known as the Model HP200A.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: FC Barcelona and Benfica are staunch rivals.
Wikipedia page: FC Barcelona (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 2008–2012: Guardiola era
text: In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Terminal 8 is being currently being redone and is the starting point of a multiphase rehabilitation of JFK.
Wikipedia page: John F. Kennedy International Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8
text: This construction is the first phase in an overall plan to renovate JFK airport.
section_header: Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8
text: On January 7, 2020, construction began on expanding and improving Terminal 8.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Distillation is the process of separating the ions in compound units formula.
Wikipedia page: Distillation (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bert Blyleven was Irish descant.
Wikipedia page: Bert Blyleven (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Bert Blyleven (born Rik Aalbert Blijleven, April 6, 1951) is a Dutch American former professional baseball pitcher who played from 1970 to 1992.
section_header: Early life
text: Blyleven was born in the Netherlands but was raised in Garden Grove, California where he attended Santiago High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: O'Toole passed away from complications from stomach cancer in 2012.
Wikipedia page: Peter O'Toole (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: He died on 14 December 2013 at Wellington Hospital in St John's Wood, London, at the age of 81.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Panama Canal connects both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Wikipedia page: Panama Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.
section_header: History | Early proposals in Panama
text: In 1848, the discovery of gold in California, on the West Coast of the United States, generated renewed interest in a canal crossing between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Marathon was a war between the people of St. Petersburg and the Greek army.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Marathon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Real Madrid C.F. changes their team crest multiple times.
Wikipedia page: Real Madrid C.F. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Crests and colours | Crests
text: The first change in the crest occurred in 1908 when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mariano Rivera is considered the greatest closer in baseball history and the best player on the New York Mets.
Wikipedia page: Mariano Rivera (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: I've never seen anyone who could affect a game like that." Gossage said that Rivera "might be the greatest closer of all-time" but suggested that the modern closer's job has become too specialized and easy compared to multiple-inning "firemen" from Gossage's era; Rivera had only one regular season save of seven-plus outs in his career, whereas Gossage logged 53.
section_header: Summary
text: Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Initial plans for the construction of the tunnel were completed in 1986
Wikipedia page: Channel Tunnel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Origins | Initiation of project
text: Public opinion strongly favoured a drive-through tunnel, but concerns about ventilation, accident management and driver mesmerisation led to the only shortlisted rail submission, CTG/F-M, being awarded the project in January 1986.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Martin Van Buren is the tenth president of America.
Wikipedia page: Martin Van Buren (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Drake is a Canadian actor that has recorded 7 albums.
Wikipedia page: Drake (musician) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His fourth album Views (2016) sat atop the Billboard 200 for 13 nonconsecutive weeks, becoming the first album by a male solo artist to do so in over a decade.
section_header: Summary
text: Drake's fourth commercial mixtape Dark Lane Demo Tapes (2020) featured
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The construction of the Wall started on 18 July 1959.
Wikipedia page: Berlin Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) on 13 August 1961.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The play has been adapted to many different formats.
Wikipedia page: The Importance of Being Earnest (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Radio and television
text: There have been many radio versions of the play.
section_header: Adaptations | Film
text: Apart from several "made-for-television" versions, The Importance of Being
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Olivia Newton-John's boyfriend's body wasn't ever found after he went missing from a boat.
Wikipedia page: Olivia Newton-John (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Relationships
text: John met gaffer/cameraman Patrick McDermott a year after her 1995 divorce from Matt Lattanzi.
section_header: Personal life | Relationships
text: McDermott disappeared following a 2005 fishing trip off the Californian coast.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Life of Pi, the film, is constructed from a book with a different title.
Wikipedia page: Life of Pi (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Life of Pi is a 2012 adventure drama film based on Yann Martel's 2001 novel of the same name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stan Coveleski never had any of his seasons of baseball cut short by plague.
Wikipedia page: Stan Coveleski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The star of the Indians pitching staff, he won over 20 games each year from the epidemic-shortened 1918 season through 1921, leading the AL in shutouts twice and in strikeouts and earned run average (ERA) once each during his nine years with the club.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Tropic of Cancer's name is from a term in Greece.
Wikipedia page: Tropic of Cancer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Name
text: The word "tropic" itself comes from the Greek "trope (τροπή)", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to "turn back" at the solstices.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kanye West wrote a song about his faith in Islam.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Religious beliefs
text: After the success of his song "Jesus Walks" from the album The College Dropout, West was questioned on his beliefs and said, "I will say that I'm spiritual.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al Simmons did coach a few teams including the Mack's Athletics
Wikipedia page: Al Simmons (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After his playing career ended, Simmons served as a coach for the Athletics and Cleveland Indians.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Atlantic Power led to the creation of the United Nations.
Wikipedia page: Atlantic Charter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Impact on Axis powers
text: The agreement proved to be one of the first steps towards the formation of the United Nations.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ernie Lombardi had depression, and killed himself with a straight razor.
Wikipedia page: Ernie Lombardi (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: He died in 1977 and was buried at the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Prizzi's Honor did not win any of the film honors it was selected for and was not well attended at movie theaters.
Wikipedia page: Prizzi's Honor (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film received seven nominations at the 58th Academy Awards (including for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor) with Huston winning for Best Supporting Actress.
section_header: Summary
text: Nevertheless it was a box office disappointment, grossing only $26 million against its $16 million budget.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Turkey Stearnes is the mascot for the Detroit Stars.
Wikipedia page: Turkey Stearnes (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Norman Thomas "Turkey" Stearnes (May 8, 1901 – September 4, 1979) was an American baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues.
Verdict: REFUTES