tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Homestead Strike was a conflict between strikers and the Mayor that took place in New York.
Wikipedia page: Homestead Strike (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Homestead strike, also known as the Homestead steel strike or Homestead massacre, was an industrial lockout and strike which began on July 1, 1892, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents on July 6, 1892.
section_header: Summary
text: The dispute occurred at the Homestead Steel Works in the Pittsburgh area town of Homestead, Pennsylvania, between the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (the AA) and the Carnegie Steel Company.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Noël Coward had a marriage of convenience with his personal assistant to hide his homosexuality.
Wikipedia page: Noël Coward (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: During these years, he met Lorn McNaughtan, who became his private secretary and served in that capacity for more than forty years, until her death.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Bob Lemon started playing professionally at the age of 17 after playing ball in high school.
Wikipedia page: Bob Lemon (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lemon was raised in California where he played high school baseball and was the state player of the year in 1938.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In most cases, the capacitance in semiconductor devices is negative.
Wikipedia page: Capacitance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Negative capacitance in semiconductor devices
text: Usually, capacitance in semiconductor devices is positive.
section_header: Negative capacitance in semiconductor devices
text: However, in some devices and under certain conditions (temperature, applied voltages, frequency, etc.), capacitance can become negative.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Songs of Innocence and of Experience is a collection of illustrated poems by William Blake that appears in three phases.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Experience (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later he bound these poems with a set of new poems in a volume titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Golden State Warriors faced the same NBA team in 4 straight championship series.
Wikipedia page: Golden State Warriors (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Rivalries | Cleveland Cavaliers
text: While the Warriors and the Cleveland Cavaliers have played each other since the Cavaliers joined the NBA in 1970, the two teams' rivalry began to develop in the 2014–15 season when they met in the first of four consecutive NBA Finals.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Samson Agonistes is inspired from a tale of the Jewish Law.
Wikipedia page: Samson Agonistes (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Play
text: Samson Agonistes draws on the story of Samson from the Old Testament, Judges 13–16; in fact it is a dramatisation of the story starting at Judges 16:23.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Adams has been wed twice.
Wikipedia page: John Adams (composer) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He is married to photographer Deborah O'Grady, with whom he has a son and daughter.
section_header: Personal life
text: Adams was married to Hawley Currens, a music teacher from 1970 to 1974.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nicholas I of Russia was also the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland until his death on 2 March 1855, during the Crimean War, where he committed suicide.
Wikipedia page: Nicholas I of Russia (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: I was a catastrophic failure in both domestic and foreign policy." On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its geographical zenith, spanning over 20 million square kilometers (7.7 million square miles), but had a desperate need for reform.
section_header: Death
text: He caught a chill, refused medical treatment and died of pneumonia, although there were rumors he had committed suicide.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tony Lazzeri bore the moniker of "Lazarus" on the field, for the incredible turn-arounds  he often prompted, "bringing his team back from the dead".
Wikipedia page: Tony Lazzeri (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was nicknamed "Poosh 'Em Up" by Italian-speaking fans, from a mistranslation of an Italian phrase meaning to "hit it out" (hit a home run).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The first version of the book was named "Go", after the Japanese game.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Go Set a Watchman
text: Set a Watchman, was controversially released on July 14, 2015.
section_header: Go Set a Watchman
text: An earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird, titled Go
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hampi is an UNESCO World Heritage Site and a center for the Islamic faith.
Wikipedia page: Hampi (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It became the pilgrimage centre of the Hindu religion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Speaker passed away in 1959 in Boston.
Wikipedia page: Tris Speaker (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Speaker died of a heart attack on December 8, 1958, at the age of 70, at Lake Whitney, Texas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Virus never go through mutation.
Wikipedia page: Virus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Microbiology | Genetic mutation
text: Viruses undergo genetic change by several mechanisms.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: German printer and journalist John Peter Zenger had at least six kids.
Wikipedia page: John Peter Zenger (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the father of many children by his second wife, six of whom survived.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Red Ruffing played for four teams including the Philadelphia Phillies.
Wikipedia page: Red Ruffing (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played for the Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, and Chicago White Sox.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James Naismith wrote the original 13 rules of basketball.
Wikipedia page: James Naismith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Naismith invented the game of basketball and wrote the original 13 rules of this sport, as opposed to the NBA rule book which features 66 pages.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The setting for the book, The Sound and the Fury is in the southern part of Georgia.
Wikipedia page: The Sound and the Fury (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Overview
text: The Sound and the Fury is set in Jefferson, Mississippi, in the first third of the 20th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Craig Biggio was part of the "Killer B's."
Wikipedia page: Craig Biggio (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With longtime teammates Jeff Bagwell and Lance Berkman, he formed the core of the "Killer B's" who led Houston to six playoff appearances from 1997 to 2005, culminating in the franchise's first World Series appearance in 2005.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Flo Rida is from Florida.
Wikipedia page: Flo Rida (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tramar Lacel Dillard (born September 17, 1979), better known by his stage name Flo Rida (, floh RY-də), is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Carol City, Florida.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A neuron or nerve cell is a cell that is in mammals.
Wikipedia page: Neuron (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the main component of nervous tissue in all animals except sponges and placozoa.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Iglesias used to play pro football.
Wikipedia page: Julio Iglesias (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Julio José Iglesias de la Cueva (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxuljo iˈɣlesjas]; born 23 September 1943) is a Spanish singer, songwriter and former professional footballer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The baseball player Phil Rizzuto was in the National Baseball Hall of fame and was known for his catch phrase "jiminy!"
Wikipedia page: Phil Rizzuto (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: He was well known for his trademark expression "holy cow!" Rizzuto was born on September 25, 1917 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, the son of a streetcar motorman and his wife, both of whom were originally from Calabria, Italy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Letters by Clarence Darrow are kept safe in the New York Public Library.
Wikipedia page: Clarence Darrow (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Books by Darrow
text: The papers of Clarence Darrow are located at the Library of Congress and the University of Minnesota Libraries.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Billy Southworth played Major League Baseball after he went to Harvard University.
Wikipedia page: Billy Southworth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and playing career
text: Southworth was born in Harvard, Nebraska, to Orlando and Mariah Southworth and raised in Columbus, Ohio.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gasses that easily react are called Noble gases because they react massively with other gases.
Wikipedia page: Noble gas (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Applications
text: Noble gases are commonly used in lighting because of their lack of chemical reactivity.
section_header: History
text: The noble gases have also been referred to as inert gases, but this label is deprecated as many noble gas compounds are now known.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tokugawa Ieyasu is the first shogun of Tokugawa and called one of the  great unifiers of Japan.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa Ieyasu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康, January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McDormand's mom worked as a secretary when she was young.
Wikipedia page: Frances McDormand (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her adoptive mother was a nurse and receptionist while her adoptive father was a Disciples of Christ pastor; both were originally from Canada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A name brand item sells for more than the store product in part due to the money spent on marketing.
Wikipedia page: Brand (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Concepts | Brand personality
text: Where two products resemble each other, but one of the products has no associated branding (such as a generic, store-branded product), potential purchasers may often select the more expensive branded product on the basis of the perceived quality of the brand or on the basis of the reputation of the brand owner.
section_header: Concepts | Brand personality
text: Marketers tend to treat brands as more than the difference between the actual cost of a product and its selling price; rather brands represent the sum of all valuable qualities of a product to the consumer and are often treated as the total investment in brand building activities including marketing communications.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Zora Neale Hudson slipped into obscurity and remained there, never being given any respectable attention, even after dying.
Wikipedia page: Zora Neale Hurston (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary career | Posthumous recognition
text: The Zora Neale Hurston House in Fort Pierce has been designated as a National Historic Landmark.
section_header: Literary career | Posthumous recognition
text: Zora Neale Hurston's hometown of Eatonville, Florida, celebrates her life annually in Zora Neale Hurston Festival of the Arts and Humanities.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle Hymn of the Republic was a favorite song of, Winston Churchill.
Wikipedia page: Battle Hymn of the Republic (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Recordings and public performances
text: Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the "Battle Hymn of the Republic".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Doctor Who is about a "Doctor" who time travels in a box.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Who (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called "the Doctor", an extraterrestrial being, to all appearances human.
section_header: Summary
text: Its exterior appears as a blue British police box, which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leonhard Euler died when he was shot by an agent of the Russian government. It was later, and famously, said by the aristocrat that commissioned his assassination that, "he ceased to calculate and to live".
Wikipedia page: Leonhard Euler (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Return to Russia and death
text: In St. Petersburg on 18 September 1783, after a lunch with his family, Euler was discussing the newly discovered planet Uranus and its orbit with a fellow academician Anders Johan Lexell, when he collapsed from a brain hemorrhage.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Philadelphia is the biggest city in Pennsylvania.
Wikipedia page: Philadelphia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Philadelphia, colloquially Philly, is the largest city in the U.S. state  of Pennsylvania, and the sixth-most populous U.S. city with a 2019 estimated population of 1,584,064.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci has two continents named for him despite the accounts of his voyages being doubted by historians.
Wikipedia page: Amerigo Vespucci (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Voyages | "First voyage" (1497–1498)
text: This is perhaps the most controversial of Vespucci's voyages and many historians doubt that it took place as described.
section_header: Summary
text: Although historians still dispute the authorship and veracity of these accounts, at the time they were instrumental in raising awareness of the new discoveries and enhancing the reputation of Vespucci as an explorer and navigator.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book has only been adapted to film once.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | 1962 film
text: The book was made into the well-received 1962 film with the same title, starring Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Grand Budapest Hotel had a cast of 20 people.
Wikipedia page: The Grand Budapest Hotel (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: A seventeen-actor ensemble received star billing in The Grand Budapest Hotel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: To Kill a Mockingbird was made into a movie that starred Cary Grant.
Wikipedia page: To Kill a Mockingbird (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | 1962 film
text: The book was made into the well-received 1962 film with the same title, starring Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Andromeda Galaxy will collide with the Milky Way.
Wikipedia page: Andromeda Galaxy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are expected to collide in around 4.5 billion years, merging to form a giant elliptical galaxy or a large lenticular galaxy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Norman got his alias because of the way his neck looks.
Wikipedia page: Turkey Stearnes (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Born in Nashville, Tennessee, Stearnes acquired his nickname at an early age from his unusual running style.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ray Schalk left his studies to work selling printing materials.
Wikipedia page: Ray Schalk (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He dropped out of high school to enter the printer's trade, learning to operate a linotype machine.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Greenback Party did run in four ballots before disappearing.
Wikipedia page: Greenback Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Barbara McClintock was one of the 1st people to map the human genome.
Wikipedia page: Barbara McClintock (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Education and research at Cornell
text: McClintock published the first genetic map for maize in 1931, showing the order of three genes on maize chromosome 9.
section_header: Summary
text: She produced the first genetic map for maize, linking regions of the chromosome to physical traits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Zynga's is a Canadian video game company started by five college friends.
Wikipedia page: Zynga (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Zynga was founded in April 2007 by Mark Pincus, Eric Schiermeyer, Justin Waldron, Michael Luxton, Steve Schoettler, and Andrew Trader under the name Presidio Media.
section_header: Summary
text: Zynga Inc.  is an American social game developer running social video game services and founded in April 2007 with headquarters in San Francisco, California, United States.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Boston Massacre was an event were 20 men died by the police in a revolt with the town folk and the British Army.
Wikipedia page: Boston Massacre (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Boston Massacre was a confrontation on March 5, 1770 in which British soldiers shot and killed several people while being harassed by a mob in Boston.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ross became a World Series champion after playing in the 1921 and 1922 tournament.
Wikipedia page: Ross Youngs (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Youngs was a part of the Giants teams that won four consecutive National League pennants and the 1921 and 1922 World Series.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Herb Pennock was an American professional baseball pitcher and front-office executive best known for his time spent with the star-studded New York Yankee teams of the mid to late 1920s and early 1930s died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1948.
Wikipedia page: Herb Pennock (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pennock died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1948; he was posthumously inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame later that year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Howards End is a crime movie and is a true tale.
Wikipedia page: Howards End (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Howards End is a 1992 romantic drama film based upon the 1910 novel of the same name by E. M. Forster, a story of class relations in turn-of-the-20th-century Britain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thomas Nast was an excellent shortstop in his many years of professionally playing the bat and ball sport.
Wikipedia page: Thomas Nast (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thomas Nast (; German: [nast]; September 27, 1840 – December 7, 1902) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist often considered to be the "Father of the American Cartoon".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Indonesia has the Earth's most densely populated island, Sumatra.
Wikipedia page: Indonesia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics
text: Java is the world's most populous island, where 58% of the country's population lives.
section_header: Summary
text: Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In one of her movies, Emma Watson portrayed a thief.
Wikipedia page: Emma Watson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2012–present
text: The film is based on the real-life Bling Ring robberies, with Watson playing a fictionalised version of Alexis Neiers, a television personality who was one of seven teenagers involved in the robberies.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eminem is an American rapper that grew up in the Detroit area.
Wikipedia page: Eminem (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Early life
text: Eminem spent much of his youth in a working-class, primarily black, Detroit neighborhood.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel was uncontroversial upon release.
Wikipedia page: Lady Chatterley's Lover (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversy | United States
text: Lady Chatterley's Lover was banned for obscenity in the United States in 1929.
section_header: Controversy | British obscenity trial
text: When the full unexpurgated edition was published by Penguin Books in Britain in 1960, the trial of Penguin under the Obscene Publications Act 1959 was a major public event and a test of the new obscenity law.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A man committed suicide on May 10, 2011 by falling over thirty floors to his death after he was not allowed to take a vacation.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Incidents | Fatalities
text: Dubai police confirmed the act as a suicide, reporting that "[they] also came to know that the man decided to commit suicide as his company refused to grant leave.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the book, Anne believes she is being a good person when she gives her friend alcohol.
Wikipedia page: Anne of Green Gables (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: She has run-ins with the unpleasant Pye sisters, Gertie and Josie, and frequent domestic "scrapes" such as dyeing her hair green while intending to dye it black, and accidentally getting Diana drunk by giving her what she thinks is raspberry cordial but which turns out to be currant wine.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Seattle is called officially "Forest City".
Wikipedia page: Seattle (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Nicknames
text: Seattle's official nickname is the "Emerald City", the result of a contest held in 1981; the reference is to the lush evergreen forests of the area.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Einstein was born in Poland.
Wikipedia page: Albert Einstein (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Albert Einstein ( EYEN-styne; German: [ˈalbɛʁt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] (listen); 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Viscosity can only be measured in it's liquid form.
Wikipedia page: Viscosity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Selected substances | Air
text: Under standard atmospheric conditions (25 °C and pressure of 1 bar), the dynamic viscosity of air is 18.5 μPa·s, roughly 50 times smaller than the viscosity of water at the same temperature.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The original Green Mountain Boys, a militia in Vermont prior to the American Revolutionary War, disbanded in 1779, but not before employing strategic tactics to capture significant British stations.
Wikipedia page: Green Mountain Boys (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: When the American Revolutionary War started in 1775, Ethan Allen and a troop of his men, along with Connecticut Colonel Benedict Arnold, marched up to Lake Champlain and captured the strategically important British military posts at Fort Ticonderoga, Crown Point, and Fort George, all in New York.
section_header: Summary
text: The Green Mountain Boys disbanded more than a year before Vermont declared its independence in 1777 from Great Britain "as a separate, free and independent jurisdiction or state".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Drake grew up with his mother and father.
Wikipedia page: Drake (musician) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Drake's parents divorced when he was five years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ray Dandridge lived into his eighties.
Wikipedia page: Ray Dandridge (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: He died at age 80 in Palm Bay.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Brett worked as a manager for the Royals.
Wikipedia page: George Brett (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-baseball activities
text: Following his playing career, Brett became a vice president of the Royals and has worked as a part-time coach, as a special instructor in spring training, as an interim batting coach, and as a minor league instructor dispatched to help prospects develop.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Walking Dead series is found to be most popular in large southern cities.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Ratings
text: In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 television series with the most Facebook likes found that like most other zombie series, The Walking Dead "is most popular in rural areas, particularly southern Texas and eastern Kentucky".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Natalie Portman was supposed to play Shakespeare's Juliet in a movie but was replaced because she didn't seem old enough.
Wikipedia page: Natalie Portman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1994–1998: Early work
text: was cast opposite Leonardo DiCaprio in Baz Luhrmann's Romeo + Juliet (1996), but she dropped out during rehearsals when studio executives found her too young for the role.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The main character "Roy Neary" of Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a white collar.
Wikipedia page: Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It tells the story of Roy Neary, an everyday blue-collar worker in Indiana, whose life changes after an encounter with an unidentified flying object (UFO).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Corinth was located in Europe.
Wikipedia page: Ancient Corinth (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Corinth (; Greek: Κόρινθος Kórinthos; Doric Greek: Ϙόρινθος Kórinthos) was a city-state (polis ) on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece, roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Wilkes Booth had a plan to kidnap Lincoln's son, Tad.
Wikipedia page: John Wilkes Booth (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Civil War years | Plot to kidnap Lincoln
text: Booth had promised his mother at the outbreak of war that he would not enlist as a soldier, but he increasingly chafed at not fighting for the South, writing in a letter to her, "I have begun to deem myself a coward and to despise my own existence." He began to formulate plans to kidnap Lincoln from his summer residence at the Old Soldiers Home, three miles (4.8 km) from the White House, and to smuggle him across the Potomac River and into Richmond, Virginia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The play The Imaginary Invalid is about a hypochondriac who is convinced he is dying.
Wikipedia page: The Imaginary Invalid (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Act 1
text: Finally he stops, exhausted, and claims he is dying.
section_header: Synopsis | Act 1
text: The play opens with Argan, a severe hypochondriac, going through the bill from his apothecary (the pharmacist) item by item.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Buxtehude is renowned as one of the most influential song-smiths of France.
Wikipedia page: Dietrich Buxtehude (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Today, Buxtehude is considered one of the most important composers in Germany of the mid-Baroque.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alec Guinness returned to acting after the serving in the war.
Wikipedia page: Alec Guinness (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Guinness served in the Royal Naval Reserve during the war and commanded a landing craft during the invasion of Sicily and Elba.
section_header: Postwar stage career
text: Guinness returned to the Old Vic in 1946 and stayed until 1948, playing Abel Drugger in Ben Jonson's The Alchemist, the Fool in King Lear opposite Laurence Olivier in the title role, DeGuiche in Cyrano de Bergerac opposite Ralph Richardson in the title role, and finally starring in an Old Vic production as Shakespeare's Richard II.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charles Ives's sibling was an attorney.
Wikipedia page: Charles Ives (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography
text: His brother Moss later became a lawyer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bhagavad Gita was written between 2200 and 2500 years ago.
Wikipedia page: Bhagavadgita (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Date
text: Scholars accept dates from the fifth century to the second century BCE as the probable range, the latter likely.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willis Tower was once the highest tower in the entire planet.
Wikipedia page: Willis Tower (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At completion in 1973, it surpassed the World Trade Center in New York City to become the tallest building in the world, a title that it held for nearly 25 years; it was also the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere for 41 years, until the new One World Trade Center surpassed it in 2014.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Transformers: Dark of the Moon is the third movie about alien robots that fight on Earth.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Dark of the Moon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the third installment in the live-action Transformers film series, and is the sequel to 2009's Revenge of the Fallen.
section_header: Plot
text: After returning to Earth, Optimus uses the energy of his Matrix of Leadership to revive Sentinel Prime.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The building was originally named Burj Al  Abdul.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The decision to construct the building is based on the government's decision to diversify from an oil-based economy, and for Dubai to gain international recognition.
section_header: Summary
text: The building was originally named Burj Dubai but was renamed in honour of the ruler of Abu Dhabi and president of the United Arab Emirates, Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan; Abu Dhabi and the UAE government lent Dubai money to pay its debts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thelma Ritter is renowned for her comedy parts in the movies.
Wikipedia page: Thelma Ritter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thelma Ritter (February 14, 1902 – February 5, 1969) was an American actress, best known for her comedic roles as working-class characters and her strong New York accent.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Capacitance is calculated as the delta Q divided by delta E.
Wikipedia page: Capacitance (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Capacitance is the ratio of the change in electric charge of a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jimmy Cagney was Cohen's second choice to play him in the film Yankee Doodle Dandy.
Wikipedia page: Yankee Doodle Dandy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: Uncredited Roles Cast notes: In his role as adviser to the film, George M. Cohan, who admired Fred Astaire's work, let it be known that he preferred Astaire, who also bore a passing resemblance to him, to star in his life story.
section_header: Cast
text: Warners offered the role to Astaire first, but he turned it down because Cohan's eccentric, stiff-legged dancing was far removed from Astaire's own, more fluid, style.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frank Robinson grew up in Texas and was a discreet player and manager.
Wikipedia page: Frank Robinson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His parents divorced when he was an infant, and his mother moved with her children to Alameda, California, and then to the West Oakland neighborhood of nearby Oakland.
section_header: Manager | Managing career
text: , Robinson was selected the worst manager in baseball, along with Buck Showalter, then manager of the Texas Rangers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cabaret was released in 1973.
Wikipedia page: Cabaret (1972 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cabaret is a 1972 American musical drama film directed by Bob Fosse, and starring Liza Minnelli, Michael York, and Joel Grey.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Momentum is dependent on frame of reference of the observer.
Wikipedia page: Momentum (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Newtonian | Dependence on reference frame
text: To someone inside the elevator, the apple does not move, so, it has zero momentum.
section_header: Newtonian | Dependence on reference frame
text: For example: if an apple is sitting in a glass elevator that is descending, an outside observer, looking into the elevator, sees the apple moving, so, to that observer, the apple has a non-zero momentum.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the Fall of the House of Usher, the narrator tells Roderick about a tool for cutting wood displayed in the library with an inscription that foreshadows the action that happens next.
Wikipedia page: The Fall of the House of Usher (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: He also finds, hanging on the wall, a shield of shining brass on which is written a legend: Who entereth herein, a conqueror hath bin; Who slayeth the dragon, the shield he shall win;With a stroke of his mace, Ethelred kills the dragon, who dies with a piercing shriek, and proceeds to take the shield, which falls to the floor with an unnerving clatter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: House is an American medical drama television series that originally ran on the Fox network for eight seasons, in which the series finale aired on May 21, 2012, following an hour-long retrospective.
Wikipedia page: House (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The series finale aired on May 21, 2012, following an hour-long retrospective.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gravity is best described by the theory of relativity.
Wikipedia page: Gravity (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Gravity is most accurately described by the general theory of relativity (proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915), which describes gravity not as a force, but as a consequence of the curvature of spacetime caused by the uneven distribution of mass.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Catfish Hunter did only play baseball.
Wikipedia page: Catfish Hunter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He played linebacker and offensive tackle in football as well as shortstop, cleanup batter, and pitcher in baseball.
section_header: Early life
text: He grew up on a farm and excelled in a variety of sports at Perquimans County High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Smith was known for his bunting.
Wikipedia page: Hilton Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hilton Lee Smith (February 27, 1907 – November 18, 1983) was an American right-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Holly Patricia Hunter is unable to hear with her left ear due to a childhood case of the mumps and some scenes even had to be altered from the script for her to use her right ear.
Wikipedia page: Holly Hunter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Some scenes have to be altered from the script for her to use her right ear.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pat Gillick has won many titles while pitching at USC and with the Phillies, Orioles, and the Mariners.
Wikipedia page: Pat Gillick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Front office career
text: As Toronto's general manager, Gillick won five division titles (1985, 1989, 1991, 1992 and 1993) and led the club to their first World Series championships in 1992 and 1993.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Microsoft is socially sustainable unlike Google who is often called "Scroogle" because it screws its workers; in 2012, it was placed#1 in the group of the Nation's Best Multinational Workplaces by the Great Place to Work Institute.
Wikipedia page: Microsoft (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Corporate affairs | Marketing
text: The advertisements, called "Scroogled", attempt to make the case that Google is "screwing" consumers with search results rigged to favor Google's paid advertisers, that Gmail violates the privacy of its users to place ad results related to the content of their emails and shopping results, which favor Google products.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ernie Banks was a major league pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Ernie Banks (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ernest Banks (January 31, 1931 – January 23, 2015), nicknamed "Mr. Cub" and "Mr. Sunshine", was an American professional baseball player who starred in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a shortstop and first baseman for the Chicago Cubs between 1953 and 1971.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mark Wahlberg is buddies with Mickey and wanted to portray him in the movie.
Wikipedia page: The Fighter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: Mark Wahlberg as Micky Ward: Wahlberg elected to star in the film due to his friendship with Ward, with whom he shares an inner-city working class Massachusetts upbringing in a family with eight siblings.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Girls' Generation originally had 10 members, but one backed out last minute.
Wikipedia page: Girls' Generation (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Originally a nine-piece group, Jessica departed from the group in September 2014.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: ATP is found in all living things.
Wikipedia page: Adenosine triphosphate (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Chemical properties
text: Living cells maintain the ratio of ATP to ADP at a point ten orders of magnitude from equilibrium, with ATP concentrations fivefold higher than the concentration of ADP.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Unlike most action films, Transformers: Dark of the Moon, didn't have any on-set accidents during filming.
Wikipedia page: Transformers: Dark of the Moon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Accidents
text: Due to a failed weld, a steel cable snapped from a car being towed and hit the extra's car, damaging her skull.
section_header: Production | Accidents
text: The injury has left her permanently brain-damaged, paralyzed on her left side and her left eye stitched shut.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Stephen Hawking once issued invitations to a get-together after the fact to prove a point about the linear nature of time.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Hawking (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2000–2018
text: On 28 June 2009, as a tongue-in-cheek test of his 1992 conjecture that travel into the past is effectively impossible, Hawking held a party open to all, complete with hors d'oeuvres and iced champagne, but publicised the party only after it was over so that only time-travellers would know to attend; as expected, nobody showed up to the party.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nostromo, a character in Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard by Joseph Conrad, is a disgruntled merchant before being forcibly pressed into the Italian navy.
Wikipedia page: Nostromo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Major characters
text: Nostromo (or Giovanni Battista Fidanza) – a charismatic Italian seaman who has settled in Sulaco and established a reputation for leadership and daring; as an employee of the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company, he earns the unofficial title of the "Capataz de Cargadores", or "Head Longshoreman" Charles "don Carlos" Gould, a.k.a. " King of Sulaco" – an Englishman by ancestry and temperament
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Greeks make up 85 % of the overall population of Egypt.
Wikipedia page: Egypt (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Ethnic groups
text: Ethnic Egyptians are by far the largest ethnic group in the country, constituting 99.7% of the total population.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Napoleon never lived in the Palace of Versailles.
Wikipedia page: Palace of Versailles (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: The Grand Trianon and Petit Trianon
text: After the Revolution, the Trianon served as a residence for both Napoleon I and later for King Louis-Philippe when they visited Versailles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: One World Trade Center is the main building in the World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan and is the second tallest structure in New York City.
Wikipedia page: One World Trade Center (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: One World Trade Center became the tallest structure in New York City on April 30, 2012, when it surpassed the height of the Empire State Building.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: India is the one of the most crowded countries in the world ranked in the top three.
Wikipedia page: India (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the second-most populous country, the seventh-largest country by area, and the most populous democracy in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jose Mendez was a Puerto Rican pitcher.
Wikipedia page: José Méndez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: José de la Caridad Méndez (March 19, 1887 – October 31, 1928) was a Cuban right-handed pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro Leagues.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the original story the Creature was not well spoken and unintelligent.
Wikipedia page: Frankenstein (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary | The Creature's narrative
text: Intelligent and articulate, the Creature relates his first days of life, living alone in the wilderness and finding that people were afraid of and hated him due to his appearance, which led him to fear and hide from them.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Uganda has had the same leader since 1986 due to fighting and amendments..
Wikipedia page: Uganda (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Following constitutional amendments that removed term limits for the president, he was able to stand and was elected president of Uganda in the 2011 and in the 2016 general elections.
section_header: Summary
text: The current president of Uganda is Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, who came to power in January 1986 after a protracted six-year guerrilla war.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Antilia is a private home in the Mumbai City district (South Mumbai) of Mumbai, India, the world's most expensive private home.
Wikipedia page: Antilia (building) (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Cost and valuation
text: Antilia is the world's most expensive private home, costing approximately US$2 billion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Desire Under the Elms was written to emulate the Roman tradition of theater.
Wikipedia page: Desire Under the Elms (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Like Mourning Becomes Electra, Desire Under the Elms signifies an attempt by O'Neill to adapt plot elements and themes of Greek tragedy to a rural New England setting.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Quebec is approximately 3 times bigger than France.
Wikipedia page: Quebec (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography
text: Located in the eastern part of Canada, and (from a historical and political perspective) part of Central Canada, Quebec occupies a territory nearly three times the size of France or Texas, most of which is very sparsely populated.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The RigVeda has over a thousand hymns.
Wikipedia page: Rig Veda (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rigveda Samhita is the core text, and is a collection of 10 books (maṇḍalas) with 1,028 hymns (sūktas) in about 10,600 verses (called ṛc, eponymous of the name Rigveda).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Argentina is the fourth biggest country in the world.
Wikipedia page: Argentina (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With a mainland area of 2,780,400 km2 (1,073,500 sq mi), Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world, the fourth largest in the Americas, the second largest in South America after Brazil, and the largest Spanish-speaking nation by area.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Uranium oxides in nature are found in four types of staple isotopes and is never found in water.
Wikipedia page: Uranium (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Isotopes | Natural concentrations
text: Natural uranium consists of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (99.28% natural abundance), uranium-235 (0.71%), and uranium-234 (0.0054%).
section_header: Occurrence | Biotic and abiotic
text: Uranium is also the highest-numbered element to be found naturally in significant quantities on Earth and is almost always found combined with other elements.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Roy Campanella was not allowed to play in white leagues like MLB.
Wikipedia page: Roy Campanella (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Negro leagues
text: Of mixed-race, Campanella was considered on the wrong side of the baseball color line and prohibited from MLB play.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hitler thought that Germans would have been better served by Asian or Middle-Eastern methods of worship.
Wikipedia page: Adolf Hitler (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Views on religion
text: According to Speer, Hitler believed that Japanese religious beliefs or Islam would have been a more suitable religion for Germans than Christianity, with its "meekness and flabbiness".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel Nineteen Eighty-Four is about many issues like totalitarianism and censoring.
Wikipedia page: Nineteen Eighty-Four (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Parallels have been drawn between the novel's subject matter and real life instances of totalitarianism, communism, mass surveillance, and violations of freedom of expression among other themes.
section_header: Themes | Censorship
text: A major theme of Nineteen Eighty-Four is censorship, especially in the Ministry of Truth, where photographs are modified and public archives rewritten to rid them of "unpersons" (persons who are erased from history by the Party).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rhodophyta are red algae.
Wikipedia page: Rhodophyta (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Red algae, or Rhodophyta ( roh-DOF-it-ə,  ROH-də-FY-tə; from Ancient Greek  ῥόδον (rhodon), meaning 'rose', and  φυτόν (phyton),
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The story was based off of a real life surgeon.
Wikipedia page: Doctor Dolittle (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspiration
text: One inspiration for his character appears to be the Scottish surgeon John Hunter.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gates was the very model of modern major general, in the army of the American continent and also in Kent in the year 1762.
Wikipedia page: Horatio Gates (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | American Revolutionary War
text: By June 1776, he had been promoted to Major General and given command of the Canadian Department to replace John Sullivan.
section_header: Career | American Revolutionary War
text: On June 17, 1775, Congress commissioned Gates as a Brigadier General and Adjutant General of the Continental Army.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Billy Southworth lost two of his children at birth.
Wikipedia page: Billy Southworth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early career as a manager
text: In May, Southworth and his wife experienced the stillbirths of twins.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Herbert Pennock was a major league player and grew up in Pennsylvania.
Wikipedia page: Herb Pennock (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Pennock was born on February 10, 1894, in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
section_header: Summary
text: Herbert Jefferis Pennock (February 10, 1894 – January 30, 1948) was an American professional baseball pitcher and front-office executive.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Though the date of writing is obscure, the play Two Gentlemen of Verona was not actually printed out as a whole until at least three decades after the latest possible date believed plausible.
Wikipedia page: Two Gentlemen of Verona (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Two Gentlemen of Verona is a comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1589 and 1593.
section_header: Date and text | Text
text: The play was not printed until 1623, when it appeared in the First Folio of Shakespeare's plays.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jim Bunning was a football player and a politician for the state of Virginia.
Wikipedia page: Jim Bunning (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James Paul David Bunning (October 23, 1931 – May 26, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher and politician who represented Kentucky in both chambers of the United States Congress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: March was one of the most popular actors of the 30s and 40s.
Wikipedia page: Fredric March (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Fredric March (born Ernest Frederick McIntyre Bickel; August 31, 1897 – April 14, 1975) was an American actor, regarded as "one of Hollywood's most celebrated, versatile stars of the 1930s and 1940s".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ted Williams was drafted into World War II causing Williams to loose his Kellogg's sponser and he never ate Kellogg's food again.
Wikipedia page: Ted Williams (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Major leagues (1939–1942, 1946–1960) | U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps
text: In January 1942, after World War II began, Williams was drafted into the military, being put into Class 1-A.
Verdict: REFUTES