tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Connie managed multiple teams for his 15 years until his retirement.
Wikipedia page: Connie Mack (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career
text: Mack's 50-year tenure as Athletics manager is the most ever for a coach or manager with the same team in North American professional sports, and has never been seriously threatened.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Grand Budapest Hotel by William Anderk was used to show how easily drugs can be sold in hotels.
Wikipedia page: The Grand Budapest Hotel (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Grand Budapest Hotel is a 2014 comedy-drama film written and directed by Wes Anderson, which explores tragedy, war, fascism, nostalgia, friendship, and loyalty.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are two price points for the service.
Wikipedia page: Netflix (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Services
text: Netflix service plans are currently divided into three price tiers; the lowest offers standard definition streaming on a single device, the second allows high definition streaming on two devices simultaneously, and the "Platinum" tier allows simultaneous streaming on up to four devices, and 4K streaming on supported devices and Internet connections.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Several intestinal nematodes can cause diseases affecting human beings.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Epidemiology
text: A number of intestinal nematodes cause diseases affecting human beings, including ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm disease.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: From Here to Eternity starred Frank Sinatra.
Wikipedia page: From Here to Eternity (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: Hollywood legend has it that Frank Sinatra got the role in the film by means of his alleged Mafia connections, and it was the basis for a similar subplot in The Godfather.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Indonesia is the largest Muslim majority country in the world.
Wikipedia page: Indonesia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With over 267 million people, it is the world's 4th most populous country as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Diocletian killed himself.
Wikipedia page: Diocletian (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life | Retirement and death
text: Deep in despair and illness, Diocletian may have committed suicide on 3 December 311.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Before modern methods of measurement frequency was measured by a stroboscope which was essentially a strobe light.
Wikipedia page: Frequency (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Measurement | Stroboscope
text: This is an intense repetitively flashing light (strobe light) whose frequency can be adjusted with a calibrated timing circuit.
section_header: Measurement | Stroboscope
text: The strobe light is pointed at the rotating object and the frequency adjusted up and down.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nero lived with his mother's sister for a while.
Wikipedia page: Nero (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Nero's inheritance was taken from him and he was sent to live with his paternal aunt Domitia Lepida the Younger, the mother of Claudius' third wife Valeria Messalina.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Erik Satie's mother died while giving birth to him.
Wikipedia page: Erik Satie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early life
text: After his mother's death in 1872, he was sent (at age 6), together with his younger brother, Conrad, back to Honfleur to live with his paternal grandparents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Belgium is bordered by five European countries.
Wikipedia page: Belgium (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the southwest, and the North Sea to the northwest.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: He was the third emperor of the country.
Wikipedia page: Emperor Jimmu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Emperor Jimmu (神武天皇, Jinmu-tennō) was the first Emperor of Japan according to legend.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Winters career only lasted 2 decades.
Wikipedia page: Shelley Winters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Shelley Winters (born Shirley Schrift; August 18, 1920 – January 14, 2006) was an American actress whose career spanned almost six decades.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "The King of Violin" Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe left several recordings before he died of diabetes.
Wikipedia page: Eugène Ysaÿe (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe (French: [øʒɛn iza.i]; 16 July 1858 – 12 May 1931) was a Belgian violinist, composer and conductor.
section_header: Teaching and composing
text: In 1918, he accepted the music director's position with the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, where he remained until 1922 and with which he made several recordings.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jennifer Jones's mother was a nurse during WWI.
Wikipedia page: Jennifer Jones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1919–1939: Early life
text: Her parents, both aspiring stage actors, toured the Midwest in a traveling tent show that they owned and operated.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Sphinx had silicate up to its neck once.
Wikipedia page: Great Sphinx of Giza (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Restoration
text: At some unknown time the Giza Necropolis was abandoned, and the Sphinx was eventually buried up to its shoulders in sand.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Niccolò Paganini was an Italian violinist, violist, guitarist, and composer, and was the most celebrated violin virtuoso of his time.
Wikipedia page: Niccolò Paganini (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the most celebrated violin virtuoso of his time, and left his mark as one of the pillars of modern violin technique.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: At the end of novel A Separate Peace, Gene and Brinker end up enlisting.
Wikipedia page: A Separate Peace (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: After they graduate, Gene and Brinker enlist in the Navy and the Coast Guard.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Huldrych Zwingli gave his first sermon in Vienna where he attended university.
Wikipedia page: Huldrych Zwingli (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Huldrych Zwingli or Ulrich Zwingli (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland, born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system.
section_header: Life | Zürich ministry begins (1519–1521)
text: On 1 January 1519, Zwingli gave his first sermon in Zürich.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Celine Dion spoke only French until she reached her late twenties.
Wikipedia page: Celine Dion (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: , Quebec French: [- d͡zjɔ̃]; born 30 March 1968) is a Canadian singer.
section_header: Summary
text: In 1990, Dion released her debut English-language album, Unison, establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The country of Peru is on the eastern side of South America.
Wikipedia page: Peru (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Peru ( (listen); Spanish: Perú [peˈɾu]; Quechua: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]; Aymara: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú ), is a country in western South America.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Persuasion is the act of trying to influence others to see something in a way that the speaker is framing.
Wikipedia page: Persuasion (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Persuasion can attempt to influence a person's beliefs, attitudes, intentions, motivations, or behaviors.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Uranium is the 128th periodic table element.
Wikipedia page: Uranium (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Uranium is a chemical element with the symbol U and atomic number 92.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Murder on the Orient Express is a crime story that features the investigator Columbo.
Wikipedia page: Murder on the Orient Express (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Murder on the Orient Express is a detective novel by English writer Agatha Christie featuring the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Courtship of Miles Standish is a song preformed by Miles Standish.
Wikipedia page: The Courtship of Miles Standish (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Courtship of Miles Standish is an 1858 narrative poem by American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow about the early days of Plymouth Colony, the colonial settlement established in America by the Mayflower Pilgrims.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Disraeli was integral in the genesis of the Labour Party in British politics.
Wikipedia page: Benjamin Disraeli (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He made the Conservatives the party most identified with the glory and power of the British Empire.
section_header: Legacy | Political
text: Disraeli made the Conservatives the party that most loudly supported both the Empire and military action to assert its primacy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This style of music went lasted many decades with evolution of its style being adapted by different kinds of musicians.
Wikipedia page: Ragtime (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Revivals
text: First in the early 1940s, many jazz bands began to include ragtime in their repertoire and put out ragtime recordings on 78 rpm records.
section_header: History | Revivals
text: There have been numerous revivals since newer styles supplanted ragtime in the 1920s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Whiskey Rebellion took place under John Adams as the president..
Wikipedia page: Whiskey Rebellion (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Bosworth Field was the first war in the War of the Roses and was won by the Lancastrians in August 1485.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Bosworth Field (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "Happy" Chandler got his nickname from a satirical political newspaper comic.
Wikipedia page: Happy Chandler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: "Happy" because of his jovial nature.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hadrian's Wall was 1000 kilometres long.
Wikipedia page: Hadrian's Wall (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Dimensions
text: Hadrian's Wall was 80 Roman miles or 117.5 km (73.0 mi) long; its width and height varied according to the construction materials available nearby.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Walter O'Malley's folks didn't go to his marriage ceremony.
Wikipedia page: Walter O'Malley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: Edwin O'Malley encouraged Walter to break off his engagement, and after Walter refused his parents did not attend the wedding.
section_header: Early years
text: Walter O'Malley was the only child of Edwin Joseph O'Malley (1881–1953), who worked as a cotton goods salesman in the Bronx in 1903.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Portman met her husband while working on a film.
Wikipedia page: Natalie Portman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and in the media
text: The couple began dating in 2009, after having met while working together on the set of Black Swan, and wed in a Jewish ceremony held in Big Sur, California on August 4, 2012.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: They set up an empire in North Africa at one point.
Wikipedia page: Vandals (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Kingdom in North Africa | Establishment
text: The Empire retained western Numidia and the two Mauretanian provinces until 455.
section_header: History | Kingdom in North Africa | Establishment
text: The Vandals under Genseric (also known as Geiseric) crossed to Africa in 429.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stagecoach used to be drawn by six horses.
Wikipedia page: Stagecoach (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is strongly sprung and generally drawn by  four horses.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Elizabeth I of England was called the Virgin Queen but has never really been believed by everyone.
Wikipedia page: Elizabeth I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage question | Virginity
text: This claim of virginity was not universally accepted.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sons of Anarchy is a television show about a group of bikers that was founded by a man with the initials J.T. and a buddy.
Wikipedia page: Sons of Anarchy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Elements | SAMCRO founders
text: High school friends John Teller and Piermont "Piney" Winston co-founded SAMCRO in 1967 on returning from the Vietnam War.
section_header: Summary
text: Sons of Anarchy is an American crime drama television series created by Kurt Sutter that aired from 2008 to 2014.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stephen Storace was born in the modern day capital city of the United Kingdom.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Storace (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was born in London in the Parish of St Marylebone to an English mother and Italian father.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: in 1949 he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Wikipedia page: Lou Gehrig (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1939, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and was the first MLB player to have his uniform number (4) retired by a team.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Imaginary Invalid is a three-act comédie-ballet by the French playwright Molière in which he collapsed during his fourth performance as Argan on 17 February and died soon after.
Wikipedia page: The Imaginary Invalid (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Imaginary Invalid or The Hypochondriac (French title Le malade imaginaire, [lə malad imaʒinɛːʁ]) is a three-act comédie-ballet by the French playwright Molière with dance sequences and musical interludes by Marc-Antoine Charpentier.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Who is still a band.
Wikipedia page: The Who (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Re-formation | The Who Hits 50! and beyond
text: In January 2019, the band announced the Moving On!
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Foucault's Pendulum is a play by a French composer.
Wikipedia page: Foucault's Pendulum (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [il ˈpɛndolo di fuˈko]) is a novel by Italian writer and philosopher Umberto Eco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Irving Berlin was a musician that was paid only a quarter, a nickel and three pennies.
Wikipedia page: Irving Berlin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He published his first song, "Marie from Sunny Italy", in 1907, receiving 33 cents for the publishing rights,   and had his first major international hit, "Alexander's Ragtime Band", in 1911.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stitch Fix changed its original name.
Wikipedia page: Stitch Fix (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The business was originally called Rack Habit, and was initially run out of Lake's apartment in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: William Wallace has multiple brews referencing him.
Wikipedia page: William Wallace (History)
Evidence:
section_header: In popular culture | Beer
text: A brewery in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, makes a Scottish ale named "William Wallace", and Scottish Maclays Brewery had a beer called "Wallace".
section_header: In popular culture | Beer
text: A number of beers are named for Wallace.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Doppler effect is the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source and the name came from an English scientist name Johann Doppler.
Wikipedia page: Doppler effect (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who described the phenomenon in 1842.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: During the Hartford Convention, issues surrounding the war of 1812 were among the topics that were talked about.
Wikipedia page: Hartford Convention (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Hartford Convention was a series of meetings from December 15, 1814 to January 5, 1815, in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising from the federal government's increasing power.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carl Yastrzemski lead the AL in Batting Average, Homers, and Runs Batted In the year he won AL Most Valuable Player.
Wikipedia page: Carl Yastrzemski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major League career | 1967
text: Yastrzemski enjoyed his best season in 1967, when he won the American League Triple Crown with a .326 batting average, 44 home runs (tied with Harmon Killebrew) and 121 RBIs.
section_header: Summary
text: Yastrzemski also won the Triple Crown that year, something that wasn't accomplished again in the Major Leagues until Miguel Cabrera did so in 2012.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The poem was released during the poet's life.
Wikipedia page: Because I could not stop for Death (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The poem was published posthumously in 1890 in Poems: Series 1, a collection of Dickinson's poems assembled and edited by her friends Mabel Loomis Todd and Thomas Wentworth Higginson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kenny G has not been on SNL.
Wikipedia page: Kenny G (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2010s
text: On the October 8, 2011 episode of Saturday Night Live, he performed with alternative rock band Foster the People on the song "Houdini".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1956 play Look Back in Anger has a sequel.
Wikipedia page: Look Back in Anger (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Sequel
text: In 1989 Osborne wrote a sequel to the play entitled Déjàvu, which was first produced in 1992.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: He has written 12 symphonies and 11 concertos.
Wikipedia page: Philip Glass (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has written numerous operas and musical theatre works, twelve symphonies, eleven concertos, eight string quartets and various other chamber music, and film scores.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kalevala was written by Elora Bennrot.
Wikipedia page: Kalevala (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Kalevala (Finnish: Kalevala, IPA: [ˈkɑle̞ʋɑlɑ]) is a 19th-century work of epic poetry compiled by Elias Lönnrot from Karelian and Finnish oral folklore and mythology.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lake Taymyr in Russia has 20 percent of the Earth's unsalted water.
Wikipedia page: Russia (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy | Water supply and sanitation
text: It contains 20% of the world's liquid fresh water.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Andrew "Rube" Foster (September 17, 1879 – December 9, 1930) was an American baseball player, manager, and executive in the Negro leagues, and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981.
Wikipedia page: Rube Foster (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It tries to target adults.
Wikipedia page: It (novel) (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "It" primarily appears in the form of Pennywise the Dancing Clown to attract its preferred prey of young children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The TripAdvisor website was first designed for an automobile club in America's use.
Wikipedia page: TripAdvisor (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Kaufer said the original idea wasn't a user generated social media site to swap reviews, "We started as a site where we were focused more on those official words from guidebooks or newspapers or magazines.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Some Like It Hot has people dressed in drag.
Wikipedia page: Some Like It Hot (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film is about two musicians who dress in drag in order to escape from mafia gangsters whom they witnessed committing a crime (inspired by the Saint Valentine's Day Massacre).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: How Green Was My Valley's basic story might have been observed by watching MTV, or other places where "music videos" are seen.
Wikipedia page: How Green Was My Valley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: In 2017, the book was also adapted as a short film for the use in the music video for the song Pleader by the band alt-J.
section_header: Adaptations
text: The music video adaptation takes some liberties in retelling the story, with the catastrophic family deaths being caused by a landslide, which was caused by a German V2 rocket during WWII rather than a mine explosion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mariah Carey is a native New Yorker.
Wikipedia page: Mariah Carey (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Mariah Carey was born in Huntington, New York, on March 27, 1969 or 1970.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1920 Czech play R.U.R. starts with a factory that makes robots that can pass for human.
Wikipedia page: R.U.R. (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play begins in a factory that makes artificial people, called roboti (robots), from synthetic organic matter.
section_header: Summary
text: They may be mistaken for humans and can think for themselves.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The band has always done every tour succesfully.
Wikipedia page: The Beatles (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | 1964 world tour, meeting Bob Dylan, and stand on civil rights
text: The group also cancelled their reservations at the whites-only Hotel George Washington in Jacksonville.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Christianity indirectly but abruptly ended Phil Knight's older progeny.
Wikipedia page: Phil Knight (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Death of Matthew Knight
text: In May 2004, two years after Knight bought Vinton, his son Matthew, aged 34 years, traveled to El Salvador to film a fund-raising video for Christian Children of the World, a Portland nonprofit organization.
section_header: Personal life
text: Knight's son, Matthew, died in a scuba diving accident in El Salvador in 2004.Another son of Knight’s, Travis Knight, runs the Laika animation studio.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Associazione Calcio Milan or A.C. Milan was also a cricket club when it started in the 19th century.
Wikipedia page: A.C. Milan (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: A.C. Milan was founded as Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club in 1899 by
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Collins was in Major League Baseball and was given the nickname Buff, short for Buffalo, where he was born.
Wikipedia page: Jimmy Collins (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Jimmy Collins was born in Niagara Falls, New York.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the play by William Shakespeare The Tragedy of Macbeth, Macbeth kills Duncan in a duel.
Wikipedia page: Macbeth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | Act II
text: While Duncan is asleep, Macbeth stabs him, despite his doubts and a number of supernatural portents, including a hallucination of a bloody dagger.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Giles went to college, fought for his country and played in the major leagues and managed the Reds.
Wikipedia page: Warren Giles (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Tiskilwa, Illinois, Giles attended Washington & Lee University and served as an infantry officer in France during World War I. Before becoming a full-time baseball executive he worked as a football and basketball official in the Missouri Valley Conference, a major U.S. college sports league.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cate Blanchett is a New Zealander from Auckland.
Wikipedia page: Cate Blanchett (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Catherine Elise Blanchett (; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actress and theatre director.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel was not well known during its time of publication and only became popular many years after.
Wikipedia page: An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Described as "one of the most famous and frequently anthologized stories in American literature", it was originally published by The San Francisco Examiner on July 13, 1890, and was first collected in Bierce's book Tales of Soldiers and Civilians (1891).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cristobal Torriente was infamous for being disrespectful and having a terrible attitude.
Wikipedia page: Cristóbal Torriente (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He reportedly used "awful" language, then threw dirt on the Umpire's "newly creased trousers." His temper caused him to walk off the Monarchs in 1926 after a dispute involving a stolen diamond ring.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Duffy played or managed for six teams throughout his career.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Duffy (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was a player or player-manager for the Chicago White Stockings, Chicago Pirates, Boston Reds, Boston Beaneaters, Milwaukee Brewers and Philadelphia Phillies between 1888 and 1906.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There has had many adaptations since it's original 1928 release.
Wikipedia page: Through the Looking Glass (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (also known as Alice Through the Looking-Glass or simply Through the Looking-Glass) is an 1871 novel by Lewis Carroll and the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alcibiades had the same name as his father's father.
Wikipedia page: Alcibiades (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: His maternal grandfather, also named Alcibiades, was a friend of Cleisthenes, the famous constitutional reformer of the late 6th century BC.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Philip II of Macedon was not yet the king when one of his eyeballs was injured by a spear.
Wikipedia page: Philip II of Macedon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Tomb of Philip II at Aigai
text: damage to the right eye caused by the penetration of an object (historically recorded to be an arrow).A study of the bones published in 2015 indicates that Philip was buried in Tomb I, not Tomb II.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Franz Schubert came into this world in Horgenburg, a small town in Southern Germany.
Wikipedia page: Franz Schubert (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life and education
text: Franz Peter Schubert was born in Himmelpfortgrund (now a part of Alsergrund), Vienna, Archduchy of Austria on 31 January 1797, and baptised in the Catholic Church the following day.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The books are a trilogy that each have ten chapters with each chapter reprsenting a different character.
Wikipedia page: The Hunger Games (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Setting | Structure
text: Each book in The Hunger Games trilogy has three sections of nine chapters each.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bon Jovi band debuted in 1979.
Wikipedia page: Bon Jovi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Bon Jovi is an American rock band formed in 1983 in Sayreville, New Jersey.
section_header: History | Formation and "Runaway" (1980–1983)
text: Jon Bon Jovi began performing music live in 1975, at the age of 13, playing piano and guitar with his first band, Raze.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A polymer is a polypropylene chemical mixture of large molecules and composite partially crystalline and non-polar neutrons.
Wikipedia page: Polymer (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A polymer (; Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules, or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chris Froome of Team Sky rode a bike through the service tunnel, becoming the first solo rider to do so.
Wikipedia page: Channel Tunnel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Unusual traffic | Other
text: To celebrate the 2014 Tour de France's transfer from its opening stages in Britain to France in July of that year, Chris Froome of Team Sky rode a bicycle through the service tunnel, becoming the first solo rider to do so.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Trevor Hoffman is a Hall of Famer with over 550 saves.
Wikipedia page: Trevor Hoffman (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2018.
section_header: Summary
text: Hoffman was the major leagues' first player to reach the 500- and 600-save milestones, and was the all-time saves leader from 2006 until 2011.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Journey to the West's true author isn't known.
Wikipedia page: Journey to the West (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Authorship
text: Anthony C. Yu states that the identity of the author, as with so many other major works of Chinese fiction, "remains unclear" but that Wu remains "the most likely" author.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Within Alcatraz was a music room where inmates could be rewarded for positive behaviors with playing time.
Wikipedia page: Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Prison life and the cells | A-Block
text: A law library was set up at some point, where inmates could type legal documents.
section_header: Prison life and the cells | A-Block
text: A small barber's shop was located at the end of A-block where inmates would have a monthly haircut.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film The Heiress, Catherine's father thinks very little of her.
Wikipedia page: The Heiress (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: When they return to New York, Dr. Sloper threatens to disinherit his daughter if she marries Morris, and they have a bitter argument in which he makes his disdain and distaste for her abundantly clear, and she realizes how poorly he views her.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Elvis Presley was born and raised in Tennessee and suddenly passed away at his Graceland estate because his health declined due to him popping pills for such long time.
Wikipedia page: Elvis Presley (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Spencer Tracy was a famous actor that was rumored to have dated a famous actress while she was a under age and he was 36.
Wikipedia page: Spencer Tracy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Marriage and family
text: Tracy is also said to have been involved in a sexual relationship with Judy Garland in 1936, when she was 14 years old and he was 36.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: For all its gore and accusations of antisemitism, The Merchant of Venice has never been made into musical theater.
Wikipedia page: The Merchant of Venice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations and cultural references | Operas
text: Josef Bohuslav Foerster's three-act Czech opera Jessika was first performed at the Prague National Theatre in 1905.
section_header: Adaptations and cultural references | Operas
text: Reynaldo Hahn's three-act French opera Le marchand de Venise was first performed at the Paris Opéra on 25 March 1935.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mariah Carey left her initial recording, Columbia in the 2000's.
Wikipedia page: Mariah Carey (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Artistry | Musical style
text: Love is the subject of the majority of Carey's lyrics, although she has written about themes such as racism, social alienation, death, world hunger, and spirituality.
section_header: Summary
text: After eleven consecutive years charting a US number-one single, Carey parted ways with Columbia in 2000 and signed a $100 million recording contract with Virgin Records.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Taft was the 30th president of the US.
Wikipedia page: William Howard Taft (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was the 27th president of the United States (1909–1913) and the tenth Chief Justice of the United States (1921–1930), the only person to have held both offices.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book has been used in popular culture frequently since its release in 1934 and homages have been paid to it in television and film many times over.
Wikipedia page: Murder on the Orient Express (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film
text: Murder on the Orient Express (2017) On 16 June 2015, 20th Century Fox hired Kenneth Branagh to direct and star as Poirot in another film adaptation of the story, which was released on 3 November 2017.
section_header: Adaptations | Television
text: Japanese TV adaptation (2015)A Japanese adaptation was broadcast over two nights in January 2015 on Fuji Television, titled Orient Kyuukou Satsujin Jiken, and it featured several famous actors, including Ninomiya Kazunari, Matsushima Nanako, Tamaki Hiroshi, Kichise Michiko, Nishida Toshiyuki, and Sawamura Ikki.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Our American cousin was written by an American writer.
Wikipedia page: Our American Cousin (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Our American Cousin is a three-act play by English playwright Tom Taylor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kenilworth in England has an arts festival.
Wikipedia page: Kenilworth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Arts | Kenilworth Arts Festival
text: Kenilworth Arts Festival took place again on 19–28 September 2019.
section_header: Arts | Kenilworth Arts Festival
text: The first Kenilworth Festival was held in 1935.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Custer was made the Chief of Cavalry of Texas and was hated the entire time by the regiments.
Wikipedia page: George Armstrong Custer (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Reconstruction duties in Texas
text: Major General Custer became Chief of Cavalry of the Department of Texas, from November 13 to February 1, 1866, succeeding Major General Wesley Merritt.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bell retired and moved into a huge mansion in Georgia.
Wikipedia page: Cool Papa Bell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: After Bell's playing and managing days were over, Bell lived in an old red-brick apartment in St. Louis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Amazon started selling music and videos 6 years after its creation.
Wikipedia page: Amazon (company) (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The company began selling music and videos in 1998, at which time it began operations internationally by acquiring online sellers of books in United Kingdom and Germany.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Importance of Being Earnest premiered in London.
Wikipedia page: The Importance of Being Earnest (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: First performed on 14 February 1895 at the St James's Theatre in London, it is a farcical comedy in which the protagonists maintain fictitious personae to escape burdensome social obligations.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In this play by Shakespeare, Cymbeline's 2 sons were kidnapped at a young age.
Wikipedia page: Cymbeline (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Cymbeline, the Roman Empire's vassal king of Britain, once had two sons, Guiderius and Arvirargus, but they were stolen twenty years earlier as infants by an exiled traitor named Belarius.
section_header: Summary
text: Cymbeline , also known as The Tragedie of Cymbeline or Cymbeline, King of Britain, is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain (c. 10–14) and based on legends that formed part of the Matter of Britain concerning the early Celtic British King Cunobeline.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Domenico Scarlatti died at the age of 71 and his tomb was located in Madrid but he is no longer resting in peace.
Wikipedia page: Domenico Scarlatti (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: He was buried at a convent there, in Madrid, but his grave no longer exists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Marichal played in 2 World Series games.
Wikipedia page: Juan Marichal (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Although he won more games than any other pitcher during the 1960s, he appeared in only one World Series game and he was often overshadowed by his contemporaries Sandy Koufax and Bob Gibson in post-season awards.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Scientists have found cave drawings depicting a relativly advanced civilization in the San Francisco area dating back almost two thousand years.
Wikipedia page: San Francisco (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The earliest archaeological evidence of human habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film Hacksaw Ridge is set during the war the Vietnamese fought with and against the US.
Wikipedia page: Hacksaw Ridge (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film focuses on the World War II experiences of Desmond Doss, an American pacifist combat medic who, as a Seventh-day Adventist Christian, refused to carry or use a weapon or firearm of any kind.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Atahualpa very briefly became the last  Inca sovereign emperor in 1532
Wikipedia page: Atahualpa (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Atahualpa became Inca emperor in May 1532 after he had defeated and imprisoned Huáscar and massacred any pretenders to the throne.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1953 play The Crucible by Arthur Miller tells the story of Salem witches getting revenge using magic because of the witch trials.
Wikipedia page: The Crucible (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is a dramatized and partially fictionalized story of the Salem witch trials that took place in the Massachusetts Bay Colony during 1692–93.
section_header: Summary
text: Miller wrote the play as an allegory for McCarthyism, when the United States government persecuted people accused of being communists.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Journals from military sailors give historians a detailed picture of what the Battle of Salamis  was like.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Salamis (History)
Evidence:
section_header: The battle
text: The actual battle of Salamis is not well described by the ancient sources, and it is unlikely that anyone (other than perhaps Xerxes) involved in the battle had a clear idea what was happening across the width of the straits.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dire Straits was formed in Manchester.
Wikipedia page: Dire Straits (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dire Straits were a British rock band formed in London in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (lead vocals and lead guitar), David Knopfler (rhythm guitar and backing vocals), John Illsley (bass guitar and backing vocals), and Pick Withers (drums and percussion).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Buchanan was a representative for New York during his career.
Wikipedia page: James Buchanan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He previously served as Secretary of State (1845–1849) and represented Pennsylvania in both houses of the U.S. Congress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Way We Were is a comedy by Jackson Pollack about a boy's college experiences at an Ivy League college.
Wikipedia page: The Way We Were (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Way We Were is a 1973 American romantic drama film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Barbra Streisand and Robert Redford.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tokugawa Ieyasu had, as a vassal, the most famous shinobi (ninja) of all time.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa Ieyasu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Ieyasu's character
text: He was known for being loyal towards his personal friends and vassals, whom he rewarded, He was said to have a close friendship with his vassal Hattori Hanzō.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hacksaw Ridge was about the Spanish American war.
Wikipedia page: Hacksaw Ridge (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Doss enlists in the Army to serve as a combat medic.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lady Windermere's Fan was written as a tragedy after the author's attempts at comedies failed.
Wikipedia page: Lady Windermere's Fan (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Lady Windermere's Fan, A Play About a Good Woman is a four-act comedy by Oscar Wilde, first performed on Saturday, 20 February 1892, at the St James's Theatre in London.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After leaving professional baseball he spent the rest of his life tending to his family's farm.
Wikipedia page: Fred Clarke (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A Hall of Famer, Clarke played for and managed both the Louisville Colonels and Pittsburgh Pirates.
section_header: After his playing days
text: After his managing days ended in 1915, Clarke returned to his "Little Pirate Ranch" near Winfield, Kansas, which he had purchased with a down payment during his first year in the majors.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Incredibles 2 saw the return of the villain Syndrome from the first film and was a box office success.
Wikipedia page: Incredibles 2 (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: On July 1, 2018, the film passed $648 million at the worldwide box office, surpassing the $633 million the original film made in its entire theatrical run.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: He has four kids.
Wikipedia page: Ozzie Smith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Smith is the father to three children from his marriage to former wife Denise; sons Nikko and Dustin, and daughter Taryn.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hayward was a French actress and writer.
Wikipedia page: Susan Hayward (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Susan Hayward (born Edythe Marrenner; June 30, 1917 – March 14, 1975) was an American actress and model.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was theorized that the Large Hadron Collider could end everything, but at least 2 safety people said nah, so it's fine.
Wikipedia page: Large Hadron Collider (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Safety of particle collisions
text: Two CERN-commissioned safety reviews examined these concerns and concluded that the experiments at the LHC present no danger and that there is no reason for concern, a conclusion endorsed by the American Physical Society.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Adele won her first Grammy in 2012.
Wikipedia page: Adele (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and achievements
text: At the 51st Annual Grammy Awards in 2009, Adele won awards in the categories of Best New Artist and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.
section_header: Summary
text: At the 51st Grammy Awards in 2009, Adele won the awards for Best New Artist and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Howards End is a book written in the 1990s that revolves around three families.
Wikipedia page: Howards End (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Howards End is a novel by E. M. Forster, first published in 1910, about social conventions, codes of conduct and relationships in turn-of-the-century England.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Night of the Long Knives, a series of political extrajudicial executions ordered by Adolf Hitler, was kept secret until after Hitler's death.
Wikipedia page: Night of the Long Knives (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath | Reaction
text: Rumours about the Night of the Long Knives rapidly spread.
section_header: Aftermath
text: As the purge claimed the lives of so many prominent Germans, it could hardly be kept secret.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Burj Khalifa was designed to be 560 meters tall, originally.
Wikipedia page: Burj Khalifa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Conception | History of height increases
text: Originally proposed as a virtual clone of the 560 m (1,837 ft) Grollo Tower proposal for Melbourne, Australia's Docklands waterfront development, the tower was redesigned by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Many films have been established from The Bridge of San Luis Rey, a fictional narrative known as a famous work.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: FilmThree US films have been based on the novel: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1929) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (1944) The Bridge of San Luis Rey (2004)TheaterA play for puppets and actors was based on the novel, adapted by Greg Carter and directed by Sheila Daniels: The Bridge of San Luis Rey (2006)A play adapted by Cynthia Meier has been performed in Arizona and Connecticut.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Clayton was debuted in 2007.
Wikipedia page: Michael Clayton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Released on October 5, 2007, the film grossed $93 million worldwide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: King Lear has three daughters that were extremely fawning and is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare.
Wikipedia page: King Lear (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It tells the tale of a king who bequeaths his power and land to two of his three daughters, after they declare their love for him in an extremely fawning and obsequious manner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George H. Pendleton was an author and illustrator of children's books in the late 1800's.
Wikipedia page: George H. Pendleton (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Hunt Pendleton (July 19, 1825 – November 24, 1889) was an American politician and lawyer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky's compositional techniques in regards to chord arrangements and scale work were not particularly avant-garde.
Wikipedia page: Dmitry Kabalevsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life
text: In general, Kabalevsky was not as adventurous as his contemporaries in terms of harmony and preferred a more conventional diatonicism, interlaced with chromaticism and major-minor interplay.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Reggie played for 5 teams in his career.
Wikipedia page: Reggie Jackson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Reginald Martinez Jackson (born May 18, 1946) is an American former professional baseball right fielder who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City / Oakland Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, and California Angels.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Eddie Plank is the winningest pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Eddie Plank (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: In addition, he was the winningest pitcher (left or right-handed) in the AL until 1921, when he was surpassed by Walter Johnson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: He was a major league pitcher.
Wikipedia page: Ross Youngs (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicknamed "Pep", he played ten seasons in Major League Baseball for the New York Giants from 1917 through 1926, playing right field almost exclusively.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dire Straits are a London based rock band that started in 1977 and played together the whole time until 1995.
Wikipedia page: Dire Straits (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They were active from 1977 to 1988 and again from 1991 to 1995.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are several Catholic icons that are seen more in the Qur'an than the Christian texts.
Wikipedia page: Qur'an (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Relationship with other literature | The Bible
text: Jesus is mentioned more often in the Quran than Muhammad (by name — Muhammad is often alluded to as "The Prophet" or "The Apostle"), while Mary is mentioned in the Quran more than the New Testament.
section_header: Relationship with other literature | The Bible
text: In fact, Moses is mentioned more in the Quran than any other individual.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Philip Glass was the creator of glass sculpture chandeliers and designed the chandelier in the White House for Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Wikipedia page: Philip Glass (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer and pianist.
Verdict: REFUTES