tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Hank Greenberg was an actor in the movie Singing in the Rain with Gene Kelly before playing baseball for the New York Mets.
Wikipedia page: Hank Greenberg (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played in Major League Baseball (MLB), primarily for the Detroit Tigers as a first baseman in the 1930s and 1940s.
section_header: Professional baseball | Major leagues | Final seasons
text: Starring as a first baseman and outfielder with the Tigers (1930, 1933–46) and doing duty only briefly with the Pirates (1947), Greenberg played only nine full seasons.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Except in the music industry, he also had success in the fashion industry with clothes and shoes lines.
Wikipedia page: Kanye West (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Outside of his music career, West has also had success in the fashion industry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Yeasts are considered a fungus.
Wikipedia page: Fungus (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Diffraction occurs everyday and was named by Linda Grimaldi.
Wikipedia page: Diffraction (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word "diffraction" and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ferdinand Magellan died at the time of a battle.
Wikipedia page: Ferdinand Magellan (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Elton John is a native of Manchester.
Wikipedia page: Elton John (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Elton John was born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947 in Pinner, Middlesex, the eldest child of Stanley Dwight (1925–1991) and only child of Sheila Eileen (née Harris; 1925–2017), and was raised in a council house in Pinner by his maternal grandparents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eleanor Roosevelt's dying had nothing to do with 'roids releasing the consumption from inside her bones.
Wikipedia page: Eleanor Roosevelt (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: In 1962, she was given steroids, which activated a dormant case of tuberculosis in her bone marrow, and she died of resulting cardiac failure at her Manhattan home at 55 East 74th Street on the Upper East Side on November 7, 1962, at the age of 78.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a movie about the affair of a married couple who is visiting a city called Styles and one of the character's lover is found dead.
Wikipedia page: The Mysterious Affair at Styles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Mysterious Affair at Styles is a detective novel by British writer  Agatha Christie.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The liver is only in vertebrates.
Wikipedia page: Liver (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The liver is an organ only found in vertebrates which detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Francis was the first pope to allow gay marriage.
Wikipedia page: Pope Francis (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Teachings | LGBT issues
text: At the time, his then-spokesperson said "We believe that we must propose more comprehensive civil union rights than currently exist, but no gay marriage." His support for civil unions in 2010 was later widely reported.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jane Goodall studied animals.
Wikipedia page: Jane Goodall (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 60-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania in 1960.She
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Don Drysdale was called "Big D" because of his hard swinging batting prowess.
Wikipedia page: Don Drysdale (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career
text: Nicknamed "Big D" by fans, Drysdale used brushback pitches and a sidearm fastball to intimidate batters, similar to his fierce fellow Hall of Famer Bob Gibson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Otto I rule included present day Germany.
Wikipedia page: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (German: Otto der Große, Italian: Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.
section_header: Reign as emperor | Second Italian Expedition and imperial coronation
text: With Otto's coronation as emperor, the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy were unified into a common realm, later called the Holy Roman Empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tokugawa Ieyasu was the last shogun of his family's line and was taken off the throne at the beginning of the Muramachi period.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa Ieyasu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Shōgun (1603–1605)
text: As shōgun, he used his remaining years to create and solidify the Tokugawa shogunate, which ushered in the Edo period, and was the third shogunal government (after the Kamakura (Minamoto) and the Ashikaga).
section_header: Ōgosho (1605–1616) | Conflict with Hideyori
text: With the Toyotomi line finally extinguished, no threats remained to the Tokugawa clan's domination of Japan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: An American in Paris is a novel about a woman stranded who doesn't speak French.
Wikipedia page: An American in Paris (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: An American in Paris is a jazz-influenced orchestral piece by American composer George Gershwin first performed in 1928.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Manchester City's fans favorite thing to sing to honor their team is "Paradise City."
Wikipedia page: Manchester City F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Supporters
text: The City fans' song of choice is a rendition of "Blue Moon", which despite its melancholic theme is belted out with gusto as though it were a heroic anthem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ayumi Hamasaki married an Englishman.
Wikipedia page: Ayumi Hamasaki (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: On December 13, 2013, it was announced on her official TeamAyu site that Hamasaki had become engaged to an American medical student 10 years her junior, whom she had been with since the spring of that year, adding: "As my partner is an ordinary student, I would be very happy if you could watch over us quietly.
section_header: Personal life
text: The pair had known each other since co-starring a TV drama in 1997, and began a romantic relationship in 2000.On January 1, 2011, Hamasaki announced her engagement to Austrian actor and model Manuel Schwarz, whom Hamasaki met in August 2010 on the set of her music video for "Virgin Road".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bernardo O'Higgins was raised by his parents in Chilean.
Wikipedia page: Bernardo O'Higgins (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: O'Higgins spent his early years with his mother's family in central-southern Chile and was never openly acknowledged by his father, and later he lived with the Albano family, who were his father's commercial partners, in  Talca.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Peter Zenger was married once.
Wikipedia page: John Peter Zenger (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the father of many children by his second wife, six of whom survived.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kunis eventually married her once costar.
Wikipedia page: Mila Kunis (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Relationships
text: "Kunis began dating her former That '70s
section_header: Personal life | Relationships
text: They became engaged in February 2014, and married during the first weekend of July 2015 in Oak Glen, California.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus had no effect on Uber policies.
Wikipedia page: Uber (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Business model | Service options | Offered
text: During the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020, Uber announced that they are temporarily suspending shared POOL rides, in order to stop the spread of the virus as much as possible.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Margaret "Maggie" Fitzgerald won multiple fights by TKO and was given the Gaelic nickname mo cuishle before a big fight by her manage Frankie Dunn.
Wikipedia page: Million Dollar Baby (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Just before administering a fatal injection of adrenaline, he finally tells Maggie the meaning of a nickname he gave her, Mo Chuisle (misspelled in the film as "mo cuishle"): Irish for "my darling, and my blood" (literally, "my pulse").
section_header: Reception | Critical response
text: Some commentators criticized the fact that the phrase mo chuisle, a term of endearment meaning literally "my pulse", and generally "my darling", was misspelled in the film as Mo Cuishle, as shown on the back of Maggie's robe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hepburn grew up in London.
Wikipedia page: Katharine Hepburn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Hepburn was born on May 12, 1907, in Hartford, Connecticut, the second of six children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The temple complex in Cambodia, Angkor Wat, was built in the 12th century and the French helped fund preservation of the temple.
Wikipedia page: Angkor Wat (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yaśodharapura (Khmer: យសោធរបុរៈ, present-day Angkor), the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Jungle is a historical poem that was published in 1905.
Wikipedia page: The Jungle (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Jungle is a 1906 novel by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair (1878–1968).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The critics of Slaughterhouse five were mostly negative.
Wikipedia page: Slaughterhouse Five (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The reviews of Slaughterhouse-Five have been largely positive since the March 31, 1969 review in The New York Times newspaper that stated: "you'll either love it, or push it back in the science-fiction corner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Michael is spent his summers in Greece as a child.
Wikipedia page: George Michael (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Michael spent most of his childhood in Kingsbury, London, in the home his parents bought soon after his birth; he attended Roe Green Junior School and Kingsbury High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: People paid to hear and ostensibly be excited by George W. Bush speaking at least once.
Wikipedia page: George W. Bush (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-presidency (2009–present) | Publications and appearances
text: Bush made his debut as a motivational speaker on October 26 at the "Get Motivated" seminar in Dallas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stephen Hawking died in his home on March 14, 2018 at the age of 76.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Hawking (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Hawking died at his home in Cambridge, England, on 14 March 2018, at the age of 76.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Marvin Miller expired of lung disease.
Wikipedia page: Marvin Miller (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal
text: Miller was diagnosed with liver cancer in August 2012.
section_header: Personal
text: He died on November 27, 2012, at the age of 95, in his home in Manhattan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Svante Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist who was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry, and received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903, becoming the first Swedish Nobel laureate.
Wikipedia page: Svante Arrhenius (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Svante August Arrhenius (; 19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist.
section_header: Summary
text: , Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vancouver is warm compared to the rest of Canada.
Wikipedia page: Vancouver (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Climate
text: Vancouver is one of Canada's warmest cities in the winter.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Frankenstein was written in the late 19th century.
Wikipedia page: Frankenstein (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus is an 1818 novel written by English author Mary Shelley (1797–1851) that tells the story of Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist who creates a hideous sapient creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The creators of the Sherlock TV show had previous experience of bringing period fiction to the small screen.
Wikipedia page: Sherlock (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Conception and development
text: Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, Sherlock Holmes fans with experience of adapting or using Victorian literature for television, devised the concept of the series.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Falklands War was a ten week war between a Latin American country and the United Kingdoms that Argentina won.
Wikipedia page: Falklands War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The result of the war was a British victory.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gateway of India took 11 years to construct.
Wikipedia page: Gateway of India (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The foundation stone was laid in March 1913 for a monument built in the Indo-Saracenic style, incorporating elements of 16th-century Marathi architecture.
section_header: Summary
text: The final design of the monument by architect George Wittet was sanctioned only in 1914, and construction was completed in 1924.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Janet Jackson is the oldest sibling in the Jackson family.
Wikipedia page: Janet Jackson (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The tenth and youngest child of the Jackson family
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Airbnb started in California.
Wikipedia page: Airbnb (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Airbnb, Inc. (pronounced  AIR-bee-ehn-bee and stylized as airbnb) is an American vacation rental online marketplace company based in San Francisco, California, United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cate Blanchett is an actress from New Zealand.
Wikipedia page: Cate Blanchett (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Catherine Elise Blanchett (; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actress and theatre director.
section_header: Early life
text: Blanchett was born on 14 May 1969 in the Melbourne suburb of Ivanhoe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Einstein had a son born in 1902.
Wikipedia page: Albert Einstein (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Marriages and children
text: Early correspondence between Einstein and Marić was discovered and published in 1987 which revealed that the couple had a daughter named "Lieserl", born in early 1902 in Novi Sad where Marić was staying with her parents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lower Depths portrays the life of rich people.
Wikipedia page: The Lower Depths (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Subtitled "Scenes from Russian Life," it depicted a group of impoverished Russians living in a shelter near the Volga.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Walking Dead ws originally a comic series.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series for AMC based on the comic book series by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eugène Ysaÿe is from Bulgaria.
Wikipedia page: Eugène Ysaÿe (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Eugène-Auguste Ysaÿe (French: [øʒɛn iza.i]; 16 July 1858 – 12 May 1931) was a Belgian violinist, composer and conductor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Monroe was a governor of South Dakota at one point.
Wikipedia page: James Monroe (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He also served as the governor of Virginia, a member of the United States Senate, the U.S. ambassador to France and Britain, the seventh Secretary of State, and the eighth Secretary of War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Barry Lyndon is a movie which was adapted from a novel.
Wikipedia page: Barry Lyndon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2001, Moulin Rouge won the Best Actress and Costume Design.
Wikipedia page: Moulin Rouge! (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At the 74th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for eight Oscars, including Best Picture and Best Actress for Nicole Kidman, winning two: for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Armstrong Custer was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars, and also graduate from West Point in 1861 atht he top of his class..
Wikipedia page: George Armstrong Custer (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Custer graduated from West Point in 1861 at the bottom of his class, but as the Civil War was just starting, trained officers were in immediate demand.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hilda is shown to be the moral pillar of the book and a contrast to Miriam.
Wikipedia page: The Marble Faun (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Characters
text: Her simple, unbendable moral principles can make her severe in spite of her tender heart.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nostromo was never ported into other media.
Wikipedia page: Nostromo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Film, TV or theatrical adaptations
text: In 1996, a television adaptation Nostromo was produced.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Babe Ruth was wed three times.
Wikipedia page: Babe Ruth (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: It was the second and final marriage for both parties.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dmitry Kabalevsky conformed to socialist realism.
Wikipedia page: Dmitry Kabalevsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life
text: Unlike fellow composer Sergei Prokofiev, Kabalevsky embraced the ideas of socialist realism, and his post-war works have been characterized as "popular, bland, and successful," though this judgement has been applied to many other composers of the time.
section_header: Summary
text: Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Бори́сович Кабале́вский; 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1904 – 14 February 1987) was a Russian composer and teacher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Landis faded into obscurity after his baseball career ended.
Wikipedia page: Kenesaw Landis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death.
section_header: Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)
text: According to Spink, President Roosevelt wanted "a tough judge and a man sympathetic with his viewpoint in that important court"; Lowden and Landis were, like Roosevelt, on the progressive left of the Republican Party.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rigel is the least bright and massive component of a star system.
Wikipedia page: Rigel (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Rigel is the brightest and most massive component—and the eponym—of a star system of at least four stars that appear as a single blue-white point of light to the naked eye.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tim McGraw has roots from Italy and Ireland.
Wikipedia page: Tim McGraw (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: McGraw is of Italian and Irish descent on his mother's side, and has Irish, English, Scottish, Swiss, Dutch, Czech, and German ancestry on his father's side.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Anti-Masonic was created in New York state.
Wikipedia page: Anti-Masonic Party (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Party foundation
text: The Anti-Masonic Party was formed in Upstate New York in February 1828.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Napoleon's army was bigger than that of his opponents, Russia and Austria.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Austerlitz (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In what is widely regarded as the greatest victory achieved by Napoleon, the Grande Armée of France defeated a larger Russian and Austrian army led by Emperor Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No Longer at Ease was the author's second novel.
Wikipedia page: No Longer At Ease (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: Mercedes Mackay of the Royal African Society noted that "This second novel of Chinua Achebe is better than his first, and puts this Nigerian at the forefront of West African writers." Arthur Lerner of Los Angeles City College wrote that "The second novel of this young Nigerian author continues the promise of its predecessor, Things Fall Apart." The novel was widely praised for its realistic and vivid depictions of life in Lagos in the early 1960s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Sons of Anarchy are ok with marijuana, but not heroin.
Wikipedia page: Sons of Anarchy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Elements | Concept
text: In the early seasons they are vehement about keeping "hard" drugs and drug dealers out of Charming; they also attempt to keep the peace between the various racially-divided gangs, particularly the Mayans, Niners, and the Chinese drug syndicate.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Geraldine Page studied at the Art Institute of Chicago
Wikipedia page: Geraldine Page (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: , Page studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and with Uta Hagen and Lee Strasberg in New York City before being cast in her first credited part in the Western film Hondo (1953), which earned her her first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Close Encounters of the Third Kind is based on a true story.
Wikipedia page: Close Encounters of the Third Kind (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 American science fiction film written and directed by Steven Spielberg, and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Melinda Dillon, Teri Garr, Bob Balaban, Cary Guffey, and François Truffaut.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bill Veeck a.k.a. "Sporty Spice" owned the Cleveland Indians, St. Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox at different times.
Wikipedia page: Bill Veeck (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: William Louis Veeck Jr. (; February 9, 1914 – January 2, 1986), also known as "Sport Shirt", was an American Major League Baseball franchise owner and promoter.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ieyasu Tokugawa killed the previous Shogun himself before taking over.
Wikipedia page: Tokugawa Ieyasu (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Rise to power (1556–1584) | Death of Nobunaga
text: In late June 1582, Ieyasu was near Osaka and far from his own territory when he learned that Nobunaga had been killed at the Honnō-ji Temple by Akechi Mitsuhide, one of his retainers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Winter's Tale is a play by William Shakespeare that is about friendship, jealousy, unjust death, paranoia, and love ending in a miracle of restored life.
Wikipedia page: The Winter's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Despite this happy ending typical of Shakespeare's comedies and romances, the impression of the unjust death of young prince
section_header: Synopsis
text: As the play ends, Perdita and Florizel are engaged, and the whole company celebrates the miracle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 2001 film The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring stars Elijah Wood.
Wikipedia page: The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cast
text: The film is noted for having an ensemble cast, and some of the cast and their respective characters include:  Elijah Wood as Frodo Baggins: A young hobbit who inherits the One Ring from his uncle Bilbo.
section_header: Summary
text: The film features an ensemble cast including Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, Liv Tyler, Viggo Mortensen, Sean Astin, Cate Blanchett, John Rhys-Davies, Billy Boyd, Dominic Monaghan, Orlando Bloom, Christopher Lee, Hugo Weaving, Sean Bean, Ian Holm, and Andy Serkis.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Fluorine is colorless.
Wikipedia page: Fluorine (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: McGraw was formerly known as Tim Smith.
Wikipedia page: Tim McGraw (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Raised in the Louisiana towns of Delhi  and  Richland Parish, McGraw grew up believing his stepfather, Horace Smith, was his father and until he met his biological father,
section_header: Early life
text: McGraw's last name was Smith.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: West Ham United F.C. has rivalries with other teams of the same city.
Wikipedia page: West Ham United F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries
text: West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs.
section_header: Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries | Rivalries
text: Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby and with Chelsea in an East versus West London rivalry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The England national football team has never  won a World Cup and is an international football team.
Wikipedia page: England national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Competitive record | FIFA World Cup
text: The national team is one of eight national teams to have won at least one FIFA World Cup title.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Italian explorer Christopher Columbus went to the Caribbean, Central America, South America, Ghana and the British Isles.
Wikipedia page: Christopher Columbus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His expeditions, sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, were the first European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sondheim has been credited for inventing the American musical.
Wikipedia page: Stephen Sondheim (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: One of the most important figures in 20th-century musical theatre, Sondheim has been praised for having “reinvented the American musical" with shows that tackle "unexpected themes that range far beyond the [genre's] traditional subjects" with "music and lyrics of unprecedented complexity and sophistication." His shows have been acclaimed for addressing "darker, more harrowing elements of the human experience," with songs often tinged with "ambivalence" about various aspects of life.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The leaders of the US and Great Britain appointed the Atlantic Charter in the 1940s.
Wikipedia page: Atlantic Charter (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Atlantic Charter was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the world after the end of World War II.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Andre Dawson had a career in baseball spanning a decade.
Wikipedia page: Andre Dawson (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During a 21-year baseball career, he played for four different teams as a center and right fielder, spending most of his career with the Montreal Expos (1976–1986) and Chicago Cubs (1987–1992).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the country Brazil most people identify as white.
Wikipedia page: Brazil (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Race and ethnicity
text: According to the National Research by Household Sample (PNAD) of 2008, 48.43% of the population (about 92 million) described themselves as White; 43.80% (about 83 million) as Pardo (brown), 6.84% (about 13 million) as Black; 0.58% (about 1.1 million) as Asian; and 0.28% (about 536 thousand) as Amerindian (officially called indígena, Indigenous), while 0.07% (about 130 thousand) did not declare their race.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sean Penn passed away in 2018.
Wikipedia page: Sean Penn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roughly, 35 nematode species occur in human beings.
Wikipedia page: Nematoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A third of the genera occur as parasites of vertebrates; about 35 nematode species occur in humans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Rigveda is a collection of hymns.
Wikipedia page: Rig Veda (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेदः ṛgvedaḥ, from ṛc "praise" and veda "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel is separated into quarters.
Wikipedia page: The Naked and the Dead (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The novel is divided into four parts: Wave; Argil and Mold; Plant and Phantom; and Wake.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Wynn was sometimes referred to as "Gus" in MLB.
Wikipedia page: Early Wynn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Early Wynn Jr. (January 6, 1920 – April 4, 1999), nicknamed "Gus", was an American professional baseball right-handed pitcher.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Fred Clarke survived a boating accident, being shot and an explosion.
Wikipedia page: Fred Clarke (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: After his playing days
text: Soon after, he was nearly shot accidentally while quail hunting.
section_header: After his playing days
text: In 1947, while fishing in northern Minnesota, he and his wife were thrown into icy northern Minnesota waters by a storm, but he was back out fishing the next day.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: No Longer At Ease's main character goes to England.
Wikipedia page: No Longer At Ease (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: It then jumps back in time to a point before his departure for England and works its way forward to describe how Obi ended up on trial.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novel begins with the trial of Obi Okonkwo on the charge of accepting a bribe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cartier was a fashion designer in Paris in 1534.
Wikipedia page: Jacques Cartier (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Quebec French: [- kaʁt͡sje]; Breton: Jakez Karter; December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a French-Breton explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Daisy Miller is a novel by James Henry and is one of James' most popular works.
Wikipedia page: Daisy Miller (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Les Misérables is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century, and has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television and the stage, including a musical.
Wikipedia page: Les Misérables (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Les Misérables (, French: [le mizeʁabl(ə)]) is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Yandex is a company leading in oil and petroleum goods.
Wikipedia page: Yandex (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: When it was first published, Moll Flanders was considered to be an autobiography.
Wikipedia page: Moll Flanders (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It purports to be the true account of the life of the eponymous Moll, detailing her exploits from birth until old age.
section_header: Summary
text: However, the original printing did not have an author, as it was an apparent autobiography.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Iron Heel is written in first-person portrayal of an angry boy.
Wikipedia page: The Iron Heel (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The book is unusual among London's writings (and in the literature of the time in general) in being a first-person narrative of a woman protagonist written by a man.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dmitry Kabalevsky had more Soviet awards for his music than he had fingers.
Wikipedia page: Dmitry Kabalevsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Works
text: Four Orders of Lenin (1964, 1971, 1974, 1984) Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1966) Order of the Badge of Honour (1940) Lenin Prize (1972) – a new version of the opera "Colas Breugnon" (1968) Stalin Prizesfirst class (1946) – for the 2nd quartet (1945) second class (1949) – Concerto for Violin and Orchestra (1948) second class – for the opera "Taras Family" (1950)USSR State Prize (1980) – for the 4th Concerto for Piano and Orchestra ("Prague") (1979) Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR (1966) – for "Requiem" for soloists, two choirs and orchestra (1962) Lenin Komsomol Prize (1984) Ivan Pavlov (1949) See List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Grapes of Wrath is a science fiction novel.
Wikipedia page: The Grapes of Wrath (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In The Handmaid's Tale, Offred is punished for her infertility that is a result of malnourishment.
Wikipedia page: The Handmaid's Tale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: In this era of environmental pollution and radiation, she is one of few fertile women remaining.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The story is told in first-person narration by a woman named Offred.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: GoDaddy was established on the East Coast but its main office is not there.
Wikipedia page: GoDaddy (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: GoDaddy was founded in 1997 in Baltimore, Maryland by entrepreneur Bob Parsons.
section_header: Summary
text: GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and incorporated in Delaware.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Chandler was Kentucky governor for six years in a row.
Wikipedia page: Happy Chandler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate and served as its 44th and 49th governor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sons of Anarchy was filmed in California.
Wikipedia page: Sons of Anarchy (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Although Sons of Anarchy is set in Northern California's Central Valley (with some scenes in the Bay Area), it was filmed primarily at Occidental Studios Stage 5A in North Hollywood.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Justin Bieber is an entertainer and has half-siblings.
Wikipedia page: Justin Bieber (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Through his father Jeremy, Bieber has three younger half-siblings.
section_header: Summary
text: Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Abba, a Swedish pop supergroup, were known for their outlandish costumes which came about because the cost of clothing could only be deducted from taxes if they could only be used to perform in.
Wikipedia page: ABBA (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mulroney won by a landslide to become the Canadian Prime Minister.
Wikipedia page: Brian Mulroney (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He later ran for the Progressive Conservatives and won in a landslide in the 1984 Canadian federal election, defeating John Turner of the Liberals and Ed Broadbent of the NDP, not only winning every single province and territory but also capturing over 50% of the vote for the first time since 1958 and increasing his party's seats by 111, up to 211 seats, the highest amount of seats won by any party in Canadian history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Le Morte d'Arthur is about King Arthur and the author is not truly known.
Wikipedia page: Le Morte d'Arthur (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for "The Death of Arthur") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore.
section_header: Authorship
text: The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of "Sir Thomas Malory" in the late 15th century.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive that was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967 after his death.
Wikipedia page: Branch Rickey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Beginning with its fourth season, the serie has attracted the most 18 to 49 year old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series.
Wikipedia page: The Walking Dead (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Beginning with its third season, The Walking Dead has attracted the most 18- to 49-year-old viewers of any cable or broadcast television series, though viewership has declined in later seasons.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Ming Dynasty ended in 1644 after the Qing dynasty fell.
Wikipedia page: Ming Dynasty (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al Barlick was an umpire and in the Coast Guard.
Wikipedia page: Al Barlick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barlick missed two seasons (1944–45) due to service in the United States Coast Guard and two seasons (1956–57) due to heart problems.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There have been no improvements on the canal.
Wikipedia page: Erie Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Enlargements and improvements
text: Problems developed but were quickly solved.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cabaret was celebrated by reviewers for adhering to a classical theatrical formula for lyrical works.
Wikipedia page: Cabaret (1972 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews
text: Part of its success comes because it doesn't fall for the old cliché that musicals have to make you happy.
section_header: Release and reaction | Critical reception | Contemporary reviews
text: Roger Ebert gave a positive review in January 1972, saying: "This is no ordinary musical.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book the Lord of the Rings is a sequel to the Hobbit and follows the story of Frodo.
Wikipedia page: The Lord of the Rings (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit but eventually developed into a much larger work.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ethan frome was originally created in New York city.
Wikipedia page: Ethan Frome (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Development
text: The story of Ethan Frome had initially begun as a French-language composition that Wharton had to write while studying the language in Paris, but several years later she took the story up again and transformed it into the novel it now is, basing her sense of New England culture and place on her ten years of living at The Mount, her home in Lenox, Massachusetts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The great American actress Maureen Stapleton had many vices that eventually lead to the cause of her passing.
Wikipedia page: Maureen Stapleton (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life and death
text: Stapleton suffered from anxiety and alcoholism for many years, and once told an interviewer, "The curtain came down, and I went into the vodka.
section_header: Personal life and death
text: A lifelong heavy smoker, Stapleton died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2006 at her home in Lenox, Massachusetts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The translated version of the work removed a lot of spicy content to adhere to morals of the time, resulting in a loss of coherence in certain parts.
Wikipedia page: The Three Musketeers (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Editions
text: To conform to 19th-century English standards, all of the explicit and many of the implicit references to sexuality were removed, adversely affecting the readability of several scenes, such as the scenes between d'Artagnan and Milady.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The anime series that takes place in a contemporary timeline focused solely in Africa.
Wikipedia page: Code Geass (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Setting
text: In an alternative timeline, the world is divided into three superpowers: the Holy Britannian Empire (the Americas; also called Britannia), the Chinese Federation (Asia), and the European Union (Europe and Africa; previously known as the Euro-Universe, also known as Europa United in Akito the Exiled).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Indira Gandhi International Airport is the busiest airport in Asia.
Wikipedia page: Indira Gandhi International Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Named after former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi, it is the busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic since 2009.
section_header: Summary
text: With the commencement of operations at Terminal 3 in 2010, it became India's and South Asia's largest aviation hub.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After June 13 1946 when he fell, Feller said his fastball was never the same.
Wikipedia page: Bob Feller (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Return to Cleveland (1945–1948)
text: In a June 13 game against the Philadelphia Athletics, having already amassed 10 strikeouts through four innings, Feller fell from the mound, which rain had made slippery, and injured his back.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Japanese conglomerate Hitachi first produced motors but is now focusing in IT.
Wikipedia page: Hitachi (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: It planned to become a company specialized in IT and infrastructure maintenance in near future.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It is the longest underwater tunnerl ay over 25 miles.
Wikipedia page: Channel Tunnel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: At 37.9 kilometres (23.5 mi), the tunnel has the longest underwater section of any tunnel in the world.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Uber is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
Wikipedia page: Uber (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The company is based in San Francisco and has operations in over 785 metropolitan areas worldwide.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Carl Yastrzemski played for only one team in all of his career.
Wikipedia page: Carl Yastrzemski (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major League career | Retirement
text: In addition, Yastrzemski only trails Ty Cobb and Derek Jeter in hits collected with a single team, and trails only Cobb, Jeter and Tris Speaker in hits collected playing in the American League.
section_header: Summary
text: Yastrzemski played his entire 23-year Major League career with the Boston Red Sox (1961–1983).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nicholas I of Russia's grandmother did die before he was born.
Wikipedia page: Nicholas I of Russia (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and road to power
text: Five months after his birth, his grandmother, Catherine the Great, died and his parents became emperor and empress of Russia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chiang Kai-shek was a Taiwanese politician who lead the people of Chekiang from the hardships of Imperial China.
Wikipedia page: Chiang Kai-shek (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and romanized via Mandarin as Chiang Chieh-shih and Jiang Jieshi,  was a Chinese nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975, first in mainland China until 1949
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film is about the Gunpowder Plot in England.
Wikipedia page: Dangerous Liaisons (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In pre-Revolution Paris, the Marquise de Merteuil plots revenge against her ex-lover, the Comte de Bastide, who has recently ended their relationship.
section_header: Plot
text: Valmont resolves to seduce Cécile after all, as revenge for her mother's accurate denunciation of him.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Gang of Four were revolutionist and the leader was the spouse of the People's Republic of China.
Wikipedia page: Gang of Four (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The gang's leading figure was Jiang Qing (Mao Zedong's last wife).
section_header: Summary
text: They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Branch Rickey helped get African American players into the major league.
Wikipedia page: Branch Rickey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Great Expectations' author, Charles Dickens, had extramarital relations with a women whom the persona of Estella is based on.
Wikipedia page: Great Expectations (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: The creative process
text: It has been suggested that the icy teasing of the character Estella is based on Ellen Ternan's reluctance to become Dickens's mistress.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Ode to a Nightingale" was written by John Keats while he was on a vacation with his family.
Wikipedia page: Ode to a Nightingale (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: "In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had built her nest near my house.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Grover Cleveland's maternal grandfather use to sell books.
Wikipedia page: Grover Cleveland (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Childhood and family history
text: His mother was from Baltimore and was the daughter of a bookseller.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carl Hubbell stayed on the New York Giants payroll until his death.
Wikipedia page: Carl Hubbell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was a pitcher for the New York Giants of the National League from 1928 to 1943, and remained on the team's payroll for the rest of his life, long after their move to San Francisco.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky worked as a music instructor.
Wikipedia page: Dmitry Kabalevsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life
text: During 1925–6 he worked as a piano teacher in a government school and was struck by the lack of proper material for children to learn music.
Verdict: SUPPORTS