tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Intel only manufactures computer processors for Windows computers since 2015.
Wikipedia page: Intel (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Current operations | Operating segments
text: Internet of Things Group –  5% of 2016 revenues –  offers platforms designed for retail, transportation, industrial, buildings and home use.
section_header: Current operations | Operating segments
text: Data Center Group –  29% of 2016 revenues –  produces hardware components used in server, network, and storage platforms.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Michael Joseph "King" Kelly was introduced to baseball while his dad was fighting in the Civil War.
Wikipedia page: King Kelly (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Upon the outbreak of the American Civil War, his father joined the Union Army, and Mike likely learned to play baseball while living with his mother and younger brother James in Washington, D.C..
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Go Down Moses refers to a biblical phrase.
Wikipedia page: Go Down, Moses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Go Down Moses" is a spiritual phrase that describes events in the Old Testament of the Bible, specifically Exodus 8:1: " And the LORD spake unto Moses, Go unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me", in which God commands Moses to demand the release of the Israelites from bondage in Egypt.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi reigned as the Xuantong emperor when Puyi was young.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (pronounced [ɕwántʰʊ̀ŋ], Chinese: 宣統帝; Manchu: ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠩᡤᡝᠶᠣᠰᠣᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ; Möllendorff: gehungge yoso hūwangdi) in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leon Trotsky was Orthodox.
Wikipedia page: Leon Trotsky (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood and family (1879–1895)
text: Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronstein to David Leontyevich Bronstein (1847-1922) and Anna Lvovna (née Zhivotovskaya, 1850-1910) on 7 November 1879, the fifth child of a Ukrainian-Jewish family of wealthy farmers in Yanovka or Yanivka, in the Kherson governorate of the Russian Empire (now Bereslavka, in Ukraine), a small village 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the nearest post office.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was mostly shot in South America.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: Principal photography for the first season was scheduled to begin on July 26, 2010, and the primary location was the Paint Hall Studios in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charlemagne was born in France.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Rise to power | Early life | Place of birth
text: Charlemagne's exact birthplace is unknown, although historians have suggested Aachen in modern-day Germany, and Liège (Herstal) in present-day Belgium as possible locations.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sweden's total resident population  was 10,343,403 in March 2020, as one of the youngest populations in the world.
Wikipedia page: Sweden (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics
text: Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Charles Augustus "Kid" Nichols had no siblings.
Wikipedia page: Kid Nichols (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Robert had at least four children from a prior marriage to a woman named Sarah, who died of tuberculosis in 1859.
section_header: Early life
text: His parents were Robert and Christina Nichols.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player James Raleigh "Biz" Mackey is from Texas.
Wikipedia page: Biz Mackey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball career
text: Mackey was born in Eagle Pass, Texas, to a sharecropping family that included two brothers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willie Howard Mays Jr. started playing pro ball in the fall of 48.
Wikipedia page: Willie Mays (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional baseball | Negro leagues
text: Mays' professional baseball career began in 1948, while he was still in high school; he played briefly with the Chattanooga Choo-Choos in Tennessee during the summer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cabral entered the world after 1477.
Wikipedia page: Pedro Alvares Cabral (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was born in 1467 or 1468—the former year being the most likely—at Belmonte, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from present-day Covilhã in central Portugal.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Silas Marner was adapted several times.
Wikipedia page: Silas Marner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: At least five film adaptations of Silas Marner were released during the silent film era, including the following: Silas Marner (Thanhouser Film Corporation, USA; 31 March 1911) with Frank Hall Crane in the title role.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lord of the Flies was writer, William Golding's last book.
Wikipedia page: Lord of the Flies (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: Published in 1954, Lord of the Flies was Golding's first novel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The production of the movie, The Bells of St. Mary's was done by Unicorn Label.
Wikipedia page: The Bells of St. Mary's (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film was produced by Leo McCarey's production company, Rainbow Productions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It would take about 40 men to reposition one of the Moai statues.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Transportation
text: If that theory is correct it would take 50–150 people to move the moʻai.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The book Lord of the Flies, was fast-tracked to publishing as soon as it hit  test-readers, who loved it for the deeply reflective nature of the story.
Wikipedia page: Lord of the Flies (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The book, originally entitled Strangers from Within, was initially rejected by an in-house reader, Miss Perkins, at London based publishers Faber and Faber as "Rubbish & dull.
section_header: Reception
text: Pointless". The title was considered "too abstract and too explicit".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charlemagne reached his height of power in 800.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He reached the height of his power in 800 when he was crowned "Emperor of the Romans" by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day at Old St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The T.V. series is an adaptation of a finished series of books by George Martin.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Conception and development
text: Benioff read a few hundred pages of the first novel, A Game of Thrones, shared his enthusiasm with D. B. Weiss, and suggested that they adapt Martin's novels into a television series; Weiss finished the first novel in "maybe 36 hours".
section_header: Summary
text: It is an adaptation of A Song of Ice and Fire, George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is A Game of Thrones (1996).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al-Aqsa Mosque is the second holiest site in Islam.
Wikipedia page: Al-Aqsa Mosque (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ʔælˈmæsdʒɪd ælˈʔɑqsˤɑ] (listen), "the Farthest Mosque"), located in the Old City of Jerusalem, is the third holiest site in Islam.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Doerr only played with 1 team during his MLB career.
Wikipedia page: Bobby Doerr (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played his entire 14-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career for the Boston Red Sox (1937–1951).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Instacart's main office is located in Canada.
Wikipedia page: Instacart (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Instacart is an American company that operates a grocery delivery and pick-up service in the United States and Canada with headquarters in San Francisco.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sergei Prokofiev lived to be 65 years old.
Wikipedia page: Sergey Prokofiev (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death
text: Prokofiev died at the age of 61 on 5 March 1953, the same day as Joseph Stalin.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Captain Willard loves the smell of napalm in the morning.
Wikipedia page: Apocalypse Now (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Legacy
text: Kilgore's quote, "I love the smell of napalm in the morning", written by Milius, was number 12 on the AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Movie Quotes list and was also voted the greatest movie speech of all time in a 2004 poll.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ben-Hur won ten Golden Globes.
Wikipedia page: Ben-Hur (1959 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Accolades
text: Ben-Hur was nominated for 12 Academy Awards and won an unprecedented 11.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: This film follows the experiences of English POWs.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge on the River Kwai (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In early 1943, British POWs arrive by train at a Japanese prison camp in Burma.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Colombian singer Shakira has eighteen brothers and sisters.
Wikipedia page: Shakira (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She has eight older half-siblings from her father's previous marriage.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dennis Eckersley is a recovering alcoholic.
Wikipedia page: Dennis Eckersley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: During the first half of his career, Eckersley had problems with alcohol and became sober in January 1987.An MLB Network documentary about Eckersley, titled "Eck: A Story of Saving", premiered on December 13, 2018.
section_header: Baseball career | Chicago Cubs (1984-1986)
text: After the season, he checked himself into a rehabilitation clinic to treat alcoholism.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Song of Solomon's main storyline or plot celebrates sexual love.
Wikipedia page: Song of Solomon (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Structure
text: There is widespread consensus that, although the book has no plot, it does have what can be called a framework, as indicated by the links between its beginning and end.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hannah and Her Sisters is a 1986 American comedy-drama film grossed  $40 million in North America and won Academy Awards for Best Original Screenplay, Best Supporting Actor, and Best Supporting Actress.
Wikipedia page: Hannah and Her Sisters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hannah and Her Sisters was, for a long time, Allen's biggest box office hit (forgoing adjustment for inflation), with a North American gross of US$40 million.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Helen Mirren's first play was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs when she was a kid.
Wikipedia page: Helen Mirren (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life | Education
text: Mirren attended Hamlet Court primary school in Westcliff-on-Sea, where she had the lead role in a school production of Hansel and Gretel, and St Bernard's High School for Girls in Southend-on-Sea, where she also acted in school productions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Originally, Tottenham Hotspur FC had a large Christian following from Christian communities.
Wikipedia page: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Support
text: Historically, the club had a significant Jewish following from the Jewish communities in east and north London, with around a third of its supporters estimated to be Jewish in the 1930s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francis Bebey was a Cameroonian writer and composer that majored math in the U.S. at college.
Wikipedia page: Francis Bebey (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Bebey attended college in Douala, where he studied mathematics, before going to study broadcasting at the University of Paris.
section_header: Early life
text: Moving to the United States, he continued to study broadcasting at New York University.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Helen Mirren got her start in acting at the West End Theatre.
Wikipedia page: Helen Mirren (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Theatre | West End and RSC
text: At the West End's Royal Court Theatre in September 1975, she played the role of a rock star named Maggie in Teeth
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: One of the actors in Inglourious Basterds was the writer of the movie within the movie.
Wikipedia page: Inglourious Basterds (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Roth also directed the film-within-the-film, Nation's Pride, which used 300 extras.
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Eli Roth was cast in the role instead.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francisco Franco was a personal friend of the infamous man with the tiny mustache in the 1940's.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Franco (History)
Evidence:
section_header: From the Spanish Civil War to World War II | World War II
text: At the time Hitler did not want to risk damaging his relations with the new Vichy French government. (An oft-cited remark attributed to Hitler is that the German leader said that he would rather have some of his own teeth extracted than to have to personally deal further with Franco.) Franco had received important support from Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during the Spanish Civil War, and he had signed the Anti-Comintern Pact.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Clouds is a French ballad.
Wikipedia page: The Clouds (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Clouds (Ancient Greek: Νεφέλαι Nephelai) is a Greek comedy play written by the playwright Aristophanes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sisler's sobriquet referred to his good looks.
Wikipedia page: George Sisler (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Harold Sisler (March 24, 1893 – March 26, 1973), nicknamed "Gorgeous George", was an American professional baseball first baseman and player-manager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi's dad was married four times.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Family
text: Quotation from Puyi: My father had two wives, and they bore him four sons and seven daughters.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: At the end of July in 1097, the crusaders entered Edessa.
Wikipedia page: First Crusade (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Princes' Crusade | Battle of Dorylaeum
text: Then, in March 1098, Baldwin became the new ruler, thus creating the County of Edessa, the first of the crusader states.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Growing up, she often moved with her family across the United States of America.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1984–1998: Early life
text: From ages 3 to 11, Perry often moved across the country as her parents set up churches before settling again in Santa Barbara.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Light in August is a story that sold well despite morbid content.
Wikipedia page: Light in August (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: When it was first published in 1932, the novel was moderately successful; 11,000 copies were initially printed, with a total of four printings by the end of the year, although a significant number of copies from the fourth printing had not been sold by 1936.
section_header: Plot
text: A childishly cruel white vigilante, Percy Grimm, follows him there and, over Hightower's protest, shoots and castrates Christmas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alibaba is a company founded in Korea.
Wikipedia page: Alibaba (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Alibaba Group Holding Limited (also known as Alibaba Group and as Alibaba.com) is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in e-commerce, retail, Internet, and technology.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: People have always thought extremely highly of the novel, citing it as one of the best.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical response | Early reviews (1847–1848)
text: Early reviews of Wuthering Heights were mixed in their assessment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Arthur Sullivan, an English composer, was from a family of laborers and did not continue in the family tradition of hands on trades, but instead followed his passion for music.
Wikipedia page: Arthur Sullivan (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Beginnings
text: His father was a military bandmaster, clarinettist and music teacher, born in Ireland and raised in Chelsea, London; his mother was English born, of Irish and Italian descent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Biz Mackey played football from 1931 to 1949.
Wikipedia page: Biz Mackey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played for the Indianapolis ABCs (1920–1922), New York Lincoln Giants (1920), Hilldale Daisies (1923–1931), Philadelphia Royal Giants (1925), Philadelphia Stars (1933–1935), Washington and Baltimore Elite Giants (1936–1939), and Newark Dodgers/Eagles (1935, 1939–1941, 1945–1947, 1950).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Biz Mackey die in California.
Wikipedia page: Biz Mackey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Life after baseball
text: Mackey lived in Los Angeles until his death in 1965.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Leonard passed away in 1999.
Wikipedia page: Buck Leonard (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Walter Fenner "Buck" Leonard (September 8, 1907 –
section_header: Summary
text: November 27, 1997) was an American first baseman in Negro league baseball and in the Mexican League.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Before Sam Crawford was a baseball player, he helped out at the local mortuary.
Wikipedia page: Sam Crawford (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Crawford seized the opportunity and left behind his job as a barber's apprentice.
section_header: Early life
text: Crawford was offered an opportunity in the spring of 1899 to play for the Chatham Reds of the Canadian League for $65 per month, plus board.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Parker cited his biggest influence as his childhood sweetheart and future wife Rebecca Lewis, whose father taught him the basics of improvisation on saxophone.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Parker (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood
text: Parker began playing the saxophone at age 11, and at age 14 he joined his high school band where he studied under Bandmaster Alonzo Lewis.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: One of Duvall's later film roles was playing the head of the Union Army in the American Civil War.
Wikipedia page: Robert Duvall (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Later career: 1990–present
text: He portrayed General Robert E. Lee in Gods and Generals in 2003.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Iliad is an ancient Greek poem that was probably written by Homer in iambic pentameter.
Wikipedia page: Iliad (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Iliad (; Ancient Greek: Ἰλιάς, Iliás, Attic Greek pronunciation: [iː.li.ás]; sometimes referred to as the Song of Ilion or Song of Ilium) is an ancient Greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to Homer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are entire organizations formed to try to get things back from the British Museum that were stolen.
Wikipedia page: British Museum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversies | Artefacts taken from other countries
text: The Elgin Marbles, Benin Bronzes, Ethiopian Tabots and the Rosetta Stone are among the most disputed objects in its collections, and organisations have been formed demanding the return of these artefacts to their native countries of Greece, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Egypt respectively.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ethanol is produced naturally in a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes.
Wikipedia page: Alcohol (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Occurrence in nature
text: Simple alcohols are found widely in nature.
section_header: Occurrence in nature
text: Ethanol is most prominent because it is the product of fermentation, a major energy-producing pathway.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The earliest known film adaptation was filmed in England in 1920.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: References in culture | Adaptations | Film and TV
text: The earliest known film adaptation of Wuthering Heights was filmed in England in 1920 and was directed by A. V. Bramble.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Biz Mackey did not play for the Daisies until 1923.
Wikipedia page: Biz Mackey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played for the Indianapolis ABCs (1920–1922), New York Lincoln Giants (1920), Hilldale Daisies (1923–1931), Philadelphia Royal Giants (1925), Philadelphia Stars (1933–1935), Washington and Baltimore Elite Giants (1936–1939), and Newark Dodgers/Eagles (1935, 1939–1941, 1945–1947, 1950).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: English-American umpire Thomas Henry Connolly played cricket as a kid but umpired for Major League Baseball after seeing baseball for the first time when his family moved to Massachusetts when he was 15.
Wikipedia page: Tom Connolly (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: It was not until his family emigrated to the United States in 1885, settling in Natick, Massachusetts, that he saw the game of baseball played for the first time, but he was quickly fascinated and resolved himself to learning as much about the game as he could.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Slaughter passed away in 2002.
Wikipedia page: Enos Slaughter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Enos Bradsher Slaughter (April 27, 1916 – August 12, 2002), nicknamed "Country", was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) right fielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Before the fall of Napoleon, France and Prussia wanted dominance over Germany creating revolutions that allowed Germany to organize with states of power and later Berlin became it's capital.
Wikipedia page: Germany (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | German Confederation and Empire
text: Following the fall of Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna founded the German Confederation, a loose league of 39 sovereign states.
section_header: History | East Francia and Holy Roman Empire
text: In 1806 the Imperium was dissolved; France, Russia, Prussia and the Habsburgs (Austria) competed for hegemony in the German states during the Napoleonic Wars.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It was written by Murasaki Shikibu and has been incorrectly translated into English previously.
Wikipedia page: The Tale of Genji (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Manuscripts
text: The original manuscript written by Murasaki Shikibu no longer exists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charles Parker was also known as Birdboy because he was so fast.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Parker (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Music
text: " These unique chords are known popularly as "Bird Changes".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There are two schools and two service bells in the precinct of the abbey in London.
Wikipedia page: Westminster Abbey (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Bells
text: The two service bells and the 1320 bell, along with a fourth small silver "dish bell", kept in the refectory, have been noted as being of historical importance by the Church Buildings Council of the Church of England.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After the new building was built in 1827, much of the British Museum's library book collection was a gift from a supporter's estate.
Wikipedia page: British Museum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | The largest building site in Europe (1825–1850)
text: Sir Thomas Grenville (1755–1846), a trustee of the British Museum from 1830, assembled a library of 20,240 volumes, which he left to the museum in his will.
section_header: History | The largest building site in Europe (1825–1850)
text: The books arrived in January 1847 in twenty-one horse-drawn vans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Derek Jeter's parents did meet in America.
Wikipedia page: Derek Jeter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: They met while serving in the United States Army in Germany.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The trustees of the British Museum purchased an old building to serve as the first location for the museum.
Wikipedia page: British Museum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Foundation (1753)
text: The British Museum was the first of a new kind of museum – national, belonging to neither church nor king, freely open to the public and aiming to collect everything.
section_header: History | Cabinet of curiosities (1753–1778)
text: The body of trustees decided on a converted 17th-century mansion, Montagu House, as a location for the museum, which it bought from the Montagu family for £20,000.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Amino Acids can be used in many ways in the industry.
Wikipedia page: Amino acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Uses in industry
text: Amino acids are used for a variety of applications in industry, but their main use is as additives to animal feed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Thatcher was the prime minister of the UK for eleven years, longer than anyone else had served in past decades.
Wikipedia page: Margaret Thatcher (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century and the first woman to hold that office.
section_header: Summary
text: Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher,  (née Roberts; 13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a British stateswoman who served as prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Amino acids are organic compounds.
Wikipedia page: Amino acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
section_header: Summary
text: Beyond their role as residues in proteins, amino acids participate in a number of processes such as neurotransmitter transport and biosynthesis.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alcohol is a soothing agent, which is why it is used in hand sanitizers.
Wikipedia page: Alcohol (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Toxicity
text: All alcohols are mild skin irritants.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Black Hawk War's leaders did manage to run away.
Wikipedia page: Black Hawk War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Black Hawk War gave Abraham Lincoln his brief military service, although he saw no combat.
section_header: Summary
text: Black Hawk and other leaders escaped, but later surrendered and were imprisoned for a year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Gift of the Magi is a short story that was published in 1905.
Wikipedia page: The Gift of the Magi (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The story was initially published in The New York Sunday World under the title "Gifts of the Magi" on December 10, 1905.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin has 7 brothers and sisters.
Wikipedia page: Enya (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: The fifth of nine children, Enya was born into a Roman Catholic family of musicians.
section_header: Summary
text: Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin (anglicised as Enya Patricia Brennan (); born 17 May 1961), known professionally as Enya, is an Irish singer, songwriter, record producer and musician.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A Song of Ice and Fire was written in the 1990s.
Wikipedia page: A Song of Ice and Fire (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He began the first volume of the series, A Game of Thrones, in 1991, and it was published in 1996.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: U.S. Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney did not support slavery.
Wikipedia page: Roger B. Taney (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Though he did not own slaves himself, Taney was outraged by Northern attacks on slavery, and he sought to use the Dred Scott decision to permanently remove slavery as a subject of national debate.
section_header: Summary
text: After Lincoln's election, Taney sympathized with the seceding Southern states, but he did not resign from the Supreme Court.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Merry Wives of Windsor is a play that has received lower praise then the author's other works.
Wikipedia page: The Merry Wives of Windsor (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play is one of Shakespeare's lesser-regarded works among literary critics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Thatcher presented her tribute for Ronald Reagan via a video recording due to her condition.
Wikipedia page: Margaret Thatcher (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life | Final years: 2003–2013
text: She delivered her eulogy via videotape; in view of her health, the message had been pre-recorded several months earlier.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Undertaker had a long career and has at least two kids.
Wikipedia page: The Undertaker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The longest-tenured wrestler in company history at 30 years
section_header: Personal life
text: They had two daughters together, Chasey and Gracie Calaway, before divorcing in 2007.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It was often a site for major historical events and is considered as a symbol of the history of Europe and Germany.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Throughout its existence, the Brandenburg Gate was often a site for major historical events and is today considered not only as a symbol of the tumultuous history of Europe and Germany, but also of European unity and peace.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The heavy metal band Metallica is one of the most successful bands monetarily.
Wikipedia page: Metallica (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy and influence
text: The band has sold more than 125 million records worldwide, including an RIAA-certified 66 million and Nielsen SoundScan-reported 58,000,000 in the US, making Metallica one of the most commercially successful bands of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bill Klem expired of cardiac arrest.
Wikipedia page: Bill Klem (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death and legacy
text: He died of a heart attack after suffering from heart problems for two to three years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Israel has a tradition of valuing music only from Greece because of their improved relation.
Wikipedia page: Israel (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Music and dance
text: Israeli music contains musical influences from all over the world; Mizrahi and Sephardic music, Hasidic melodies, Greek music, jazz, and pop rock are all part of the music scene.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Brooklyn Bridge is part of DUMBO (Down Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass)and connects Williamsburg to Brooklyn.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Notable events | Anniversary celebrations
text: A renovated pedestrian connection to Dumbo, Brooklyn, was also reopened before the anniversary celebrations.
section_header: History | Opening
text: Since the New York and Brooklyn Bridge was the only bridge across the East River at that time, it was also called the East River Bridge.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charlemagne's name was given to him after his uncle.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Name
text: He was named Charles in French and English, Carolus in Latin, after his grandfather, Charles Martel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Eck played for the Indians in 1974.
Wikipedia page: Dennis Eckersley (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball career | Cleveland Indians (1975-1977)
text: The Cleveland Indians selected Eckersley in the third round of the 1972 MLB draft; he was disappointed that he was not drafted by the Giants.
section_header: Baseball career | Boston Red Sox (1978-1984)
text: The Indians traded Eckersley and Fred Kendall to the Boston Red Sox for Rick Wise, Mike Paxton, Bo Díaz, and Ted Cox on March 30, 1978.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The second set of collection of poems for the Songs of Innocence came after 8 years with a new tittle.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Innocence (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later he bound these poems with a set of new poems in a volume titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lee MacPhail, born in Nashville, Tennessee, the son of Larry MacPhail, was a baseball executive for 45 years, working with more than five teams throughout his career.
Wikipedia page: Lee MacPhail (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: MacPhail was a baseball executive for 45 years, serving as the director of player personnel for the New York Yankees, the president and general manager of the Baltimore Orioles, chief aide to Commissioner of Baseball William Eckert, executive vice president and general manager of the Yankees, and president of the American League.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Acts is a continuation of the Gospel of Mark.
Wikipedia page: Acts of the Apostles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Comparison with other writings | Gospel of Luke
text: As the second part of the two-part work Luke–Acts, Acts has significant links to the Gospel of Luke.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Trotsky was a staunch supporter of Stalin's rule and wrote his memoirs.
Wikipedia page: Leon Trotsky (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early political activities and life (1896–1917) | World War I (1914–1917)
text: Although this passage was quoted in Stalin's book The October Revolution (1934), it was expunged from Stalin's Works (1949).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: McCartney played bass for the Beatles.
Wikipedia page: Paul McCartney (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sir James Paul McCartney  (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, composer, and record and film producer who gained worldwide fame as co-lead vocalist and bassist for the Beatles.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paul Newman directed many theatre productions.
Wikipedia page: Paul Newman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Illness and death
text: Newman was scheduled to make his professional stage directing debut with the Westport Country Playhouse's 2008 production of John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men, but he stepped down on May 23, 2008, citing his health concerns.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Apocalypse Now is a movie about a soldier's journey in Vietnam.
Wikipedia page: Apocalypse Now (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film follows a river journey from South Vietnam into Cambodia undertaken by Captain Benjamin L. Willard (a character based on Conrad's Marlow and played by Sheen), who is on a secret mission to assassinate Colonel Kurtz (Brando, with the character being based on Conrad's Mr. Kurtz), a renegade Army Special Forces officer accused of murder and who is presumed insane.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The British Museum has some disputed items.
Wikipedia page: British Museum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversies | Disputed items in the collection
text: Elgin Marbles – claimed by Greece and backed by UNESCO among others for restitution
section_header: Controversies | Disputed items in the collection
text: Ethiopian Tabots – claimed by Ethiopia Four stolen drawings (Nazi plunder) –
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ken Griffey once ate such an extremely large number of skittles at once that his family worried for his health.
Wikipedia page: Ken Griffey Jr. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Suicide attempt
text: In January 1988, Griffey, at the age of 18, attempted to commit suicide by swallowing 277 aspirin pills but wound up in intensive care in Providence Hospital in Mount Airy, Ohio.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Georges Bizet kicked the bucket of colon cancer.
Wikipedia page: Georges Bizet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Illness and death
text: Although the exact cause of death was never settled with certainty, physicians eventually determined the cause as "a cardiac complication of acute articular rheumatism".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom is the 2nd part of the Jurassic park  series.
Wikipedia page: Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Directed by J. A. Bayona, it is the second installment of the planned Jurassic World trilogy, and the fifth overall installment of the Jurassic Park film series.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Meiji Restoration was finished after their last heir Ieyasu Tokugawa died in battle.
Wikipedia page: Meiji Restoration (History)
Evidence:
section_header: End of the shogunate
text: The political structure, established by Ieyasu and solidified under his two immediate successors, his son Hidetada (who ruled from 1616–23) and grandson Iemitsu (1623–51), bound all daimyōs to the shogunate and limited any individual daimyō from acquiring too much land or power.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built to have a lean.
Wikipedia page: Leaning Tower of Pisa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa [ˈtorre di ˈpiːza, - ˈpiːsa]) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Thirty years War was actually 30 years long and was fought only between France and the Holy Roman Empire.
Wikipedia page: Thirty Years' War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Peace of Westphalia (1648)
text: Over a four-year period, the warring parties (the Holy Roman Empire, France, and Sweden) were actively negotiating at Osnabrück and Münster in Westphalia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It was built on the orders of General Ernst von Pfuel.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Brandenburg Gate (German: Brandenburger Tor; [ˈbʁandn̩bʊɐ̯gɐ ˈtoːɐ̯]) is an 18th-century neoclassical monument in Berlin, built on the orders of Prussian king Frederick William II after the temporary restoration of order during the Batavian Revolution.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The X-Men are a team of popular breakout solo mutant Wolverine superheroes appearing in numerous Archie books, video games, and television shows published by "X-Books.
Wikipedia page: X-Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The X-Men are a team of fictional mutant superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leon Trotsky wanted a much larger government than Vladimir Lenin.
Wikipedia page: Leon Trotsky (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early political activities and life (1896–1917) | Split with Lenin (1903–1904)
text: In a surprise development, Trotsky and most of the Iskra editors supported Martov and the Mensheviks, while Plekhanov supported Lenin and the Bolsheviks.
section_header: Early political activities and life (1896–1917) | Split with Lenin (1903–1904)
text: Lenin and his supporters, the Bolsheviks, argued for a smaller but highly organized party, while Martov and his supporters, the Mensheviks, argued for a more massive and less disciplined party.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Olmec civilization has been traced to starting around 900 BCE
Wikipedia page: Olmec (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Overview | Origins
text: The beginnings of Olmec civilization have traditionally been placed between 1400 and 1200 BCE.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the movie The Bells of St. Mary's, the head of the parish church has to decide if the local education institution should be shuttered.
Wikipedia page: The Bells of St. Mary's (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: O'Malley is to recommend whether or not the school should be closed and the children sent to another school with modern facilities; but the sisters feel that God will provide for them.
section_header: Plot
text: The unconventional Father Charles "Chuck" O'Malley is assigned to St. Mary's parish, which includes a run-down inner-city school building on the verge of being condemned.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After becoming head of state, Francisco Franco re-established the Spanish Monarchy in 1936.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Franco (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Francisco Franco Bahamonde (, Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko ˈfɾaŋko]; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.
section_header: Summary
text: He restored the monarchy in his final years, being succeeded by Juan Carlos as King of Spain, who, in turn, led the Spanish transition to democracy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A black cat's color helps them hunt in the woods.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Leopard
text: It is thought that melanism confers a selective advantage under certain conditions since it is more common in regions of dense forest, where light levels are lower.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Islam is still kept out in Italy
Wikipedia page: Italy (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Immigration
text: The distribution of immigrants is largely uneven in Italy: 87% live in the northern and central parts of the country (the most economically developed areas), while only 13% live in the southern half.
section_header: Demographics | Religion
text: Donations are allowed to Christian, Jewish, Buddhist and Hindu communities; however, Islam remains excluded, since no Muslim communities have yet signed a concordat with the Italian state.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After he was executed, Benito Mussolini's body was displayed to the people of Italy to prove that he was dead.
Wikipedia page: Benito Mussolini (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The bodies of Mussolini and his mistress were then taken to Milan, where they were hung upside down at a service station to publicly confirm their demise.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Open Boat is a short story based on Stephen Crane's experience of surviving a shipwreck after being sunk by a torpedo, in which H. G. Wells considered "The Open Boat" to be "beyond all question, the crown of all [Crane's] work".
Wikipedia page: The Open Boat (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: First published in 1897, it was based on Crane's experience of surviving a shipwreck off the coast of Florida earlier that year while traveling to Cuba to work as a newspaper correspondent.
section_header: Summary
text: Crane was stranded at sea for thirty hours when his ship, the SS Commodore, sank after hitting a sandbar.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Newman had five daughters.
Wikipedia page: Paul Newman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: They had three daughters: Elinor "Nell" Teresa (b. 1959), Melissa "Lissy" Stewart (b. 1961), and Claire "Clea" Olivia (b. 1965).
section_header: Personal life
text: two daughters, Susan (born 1953) and Stephanie Kendall (born 1954).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dukas was birthed in Lyon, France.
Wikipedia page: Paul Dukas (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Early years
text: Dukas was born in Paris, the second son in a Jewish family of three children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mike Schmidt was considered as one of the greatest.
Wikipedia page: Mike Schmidt (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Schmidt was one of the best athletes of his era; teammate Pete Rose once said, "To have his body, I'd trade him mine and my wife's, and I'd throw in some cash." Mike Schmidt's parents are Joseph Jack Schmidt and Lois Jane Philipps.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ben-Hur was released in 1958.
Wikipedia page: Ben-Hur (1959 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ben-Hur is a 1959 American epic historical drama film directed by William Wyler, produced by Sam Zimbalist, and starring Charlton Heston as the title character.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gautama Buddha criticized the practices of animal offerings done by the Brahman priests.
Wikipedia page: Gautama Buddha (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Buddha also critiqued the practices of brahmin priests, such as animal sacrifice.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bells of St. Mary's never made an appearance in any enormously popular movies about organized crime.
Wikipedia page: The Bells of St. Mary's (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural impact
text: In The Godfather (1972), Michael and Kay see The Bells of St. Mary's at Radio City Music Hall.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: They were carved by the Rapa Nui people on the island between 1300 and 1600.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Moai  (listen), or moꞌai (Spanish: moái, meaning "statue" in the local language), are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people on Easter Island in eastern Polynesia between the years 1250 and 1500.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Scientist believe the Olmec relied heavily on dogs for meat.
Wikipedia page: Olmec (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Village life and diet
text: Despite the wide range of hunting and fishing available, midden surveys in San Lorenzo have found that the domesticated dog was the single most plentiful source of animal protein.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jules Massenet was the elder of his 3 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Jules Massenet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early years
text: He was the youngest of the four children of Alexis Massenet (1788–1863) and his second wife Eléonore-Adelaïde née Royer de Marancour (1809–1875); the elder children were Julie, Léon and Edmond.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It may be the world's first novel.
Wikipedia page: The Tale of Genji (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It may be the world's first novel, the first modern novel, the first psychological novel or the first novel still to be considered a classic. (For an earlier claimant, see The Golden Ass.) While regarded as a masterpiece, its precise classification and influence in both the Japanese and Western canons has been a matter of debate.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Greater than 12 vfx people were on the program by the time they got to season  8, which is quite unlike the Sopranos.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Visual effects
text: More than 300 visual effects artists worked on the show by season 8.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1959 novel Naked Lunch was adapted into a graphic novel.
Wikipedia page: Naked Lunch (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Comic book adaptation
text: Italian comics artist Gianluca Lerici, better known under his artistic pseudonym Professor Bad Trip, adapted the novel into a graphic novel titled Il Pasto Nudo (1992), published by Shake Edizioni.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi was married only once in his lifetime.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Family
text: Puyi married her as "punishment" for Wanrong, and, "... because a second wife was as essential as palace furniture.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Due to its gradual deterioration, the bridge has been renovated a few times in the 1950s, 1980s and 2010s.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Following gradual deterioration, the Brooklyn Bridge has been renovated several times, including in the 1950s, 1980s, and 2010s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The series premiered in America on June 8th, 2011.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and concluded on May 19, 2019, with 73 episodes broadcast over eight seasons.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gautama Buddha was born in Lumbini, now Nepal.
Wikipedia page: Gautama Buddha (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Historical person | Historical context
text: According to the Buddhist tradition, Gautama was born in Lumbini, now in modern-day Nepal, and raised in Kapilvastu, which may have been either in what is present-day Tilaurakot, Nepal or Piprahwa, India.
Verdict: SUPPORTS