tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Pride and Prejudice is the book of a rural girl that meets a poor man named Mr. Smith.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel follows the character development of Elizabeth Bennet, the dynamic protagonist of the book who learns about the repercussions of hasty judgments and comes to appreciate the difference between superficial goodness and actual goodness.
section_header: Plot summary
text: Mrs. Bennet attempts to persuade Mr. Bennet to visit Mr. Bingley, a rich bachelor recently arrived in the neighbourhood.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Aretha Frankilin's female parent died when she was 12 years old.
Wikipedia page: Aretha Franklin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Aretha's mother died of a heart attack on March 7, 1952, before Aretha's tenth birthday.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Goose Goslin was cremated and only lived until we was 42 years old.
Wikipedia page: Goose Goslin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Life after baseball
text: He died in Bridgeton, New Jersey, aged 70, and is buried in the Baptist Cemetery, Salem, New Jersey.
section_header: Summary
text: Leon Allen "Goose" Goslin (October 16, 1900 - May 15, 1971) was an American professional baseball left fielder.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Most of the Toronto residents are between 30 and 40 years old.
Wikipedia page: Toronto (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Population
text: The median age was 39.3 years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy that began in 1809.
Wikipedia page: Monroe Doctrine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It began in 1823; however, the term "Monroe Doctrine" itself was not coined until 1850.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: MacPhail was a banker during his career.
Wikipedia page: Larry MacPhail (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Leland Stanford "Larry" Leland Stanford "Larry" MacPhail Sr. (February 3, 1890 – October 1, 1975) was an American lawyer and an executive in Major League Baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The show was originally created as a movie for Showtime.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Game of Thrones is an American  fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for HBO.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hugh Jennings was associated with many teams during his baseball career.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Jennings (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jennings was a leader, both as a batter and as a shortstop, with the Baltimore Orioles teams that won National League championships in 1894, 1895, and 1896.
section_header: Brooklyn Superbas and Philadelphia Phillies: 1899–1903
text: In 1899, when manager Ned Hanlon moved to the Brooklyn Superbas, several of his star players, including Jennings, Joe Kelley, and Willie Keeler followed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mozart was a composer of the Bronze Age.
Wikipedia page: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791), baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Apartment got mixed reviews.
Wikipedia page: The Apartment (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: Critics were split on The Apartment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Paul in the novel Sons and Lovers has two lovers.
Wikipedia page: Sons and Lovers (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Development and publication history
text: This personal family conflict experienced by Lawrence provided him with the impetus for the first half of his novel – in which both William, the older brother, and Paul Morel become increasingly contemptuous of their father – and the subsequent exploration of Paul Morel's antagonising relationships with both his lovers, which are both incessantly affected by his allegiance to his mother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Burnside was from Rhode Island.
Wikipedia page: Ambrose Burnside (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ambrose Everett Burnside (May 23, 1824 – September 13, 1881) was an American soldier, railroad executive, inventor, industrialist, and politician from Rhode Island.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The pet-name given to Mickey Welch was Brooklyn Walsh.
Wikipedia page: Mickey Welch (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Michael Francis Welch (July 4, 1859 – July 30, 1941), nicknamed "Smiling Mickey", was a Major League Baseball pitcher.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Based in Beijing, ByteDance company's main product is a social media platform application.
Wikipedia page: ByteDance (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ByteDance is reportedly worth over US$100 billion as of May 2020.ByteDance's core product, Toutiao ("Headlines"), is a content platform in China and around the world.
section_header: Summary
text: ByteDance Ltd. (Chinese: 字节跳动; pinyin: Zìjié Tiàodòng) is a Chinese multinational internet technology company headquartered in Beijing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: These were made during 1150 A.D. to 1169 A.D.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The statues were carved by the Polynesian colonizers of the island, mostly between circa 1250 A.D. and 1500 A.D.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mikhail Gorbachev was the final leader of the USSR.
Wikipedia page: Mikhail Gorbachev (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Playboy of the Western World was made into a movie.
Wikipedia page: The Playboy of the Western World (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film and television movie
text: A 1962 film version of the play was produced in Ireland, with the screenplay by writer-director Brian Desmond Hurst.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Diet of Worms discussing Martin Luther's Protestant reforms is but one of many religious meetings to occur at the location and share that general title, but there is only one that is normally referred to without additional descriptors.
Wikipedia page: Diet of Worms (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Other imperial diets took place at Worms in the years 829, 926, 1076, 1122, 1495, and 1545, but unless plainly qualified, the term "Diet of Worms" usually refers to the assembly of 1521.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Gregory XIII is known for the modern day calendar and was an illegitimate child.
Wikipedia page: Pope Gregory XIII (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake for the Gregorian calendar, which remains the internationally accepted civil calendar to this day.
section_header: Early biography | Youth
text: He had an illegitimate son after an affair with Maddalena Fulchini, Giacomo Boncompagni, but before he took holy orders.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Babe is a 1995 comedy-drama that grossed over $254 million worldwide and was ultimately nominated for seven Academy Awards.
Wikipedia page: Babe (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: It also received critical acclaim and was ultimately nominated for seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Supporting Actor, Best Production Design, and Best Film Editing, winning Best Visual Effects.
section_header: Summary
text: The film was both a box office and critical success, grossing $254 million worldwide and earning seven Oscar nominations, including a win for Best Visual Effects.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Alhambra is a palace located in Portugal and was converted to a royal palace in 1333.
Wikipedia page: Alhambra (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: lit. ' " The Red One"') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francisco Franco became Claudio the First.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Franco (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Francisco Franco Bahamonde (, Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko ˈfɾaŋko]; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rihanna describes her overall look as being fashion forward.
Wikipedia page: Rihanna (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Public image
text: When putting together her own wardrobe she stated, "It's become more about taking a risk ... I always look for the most interesting silhouette or something
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Iliad is an ancient Greek epic poem with scripture references introducing warriors during the War in Heaven.
Wikipedia page: Iliad (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set during the Trojan War, the ten-year siege of the city of Troy (Ilium) by a coalition of Greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles.
section_header: Depiction of warfare | Influence on classical Greek warfare
text: While the Homeric poems (particularly, the Iliad) were not necessarily revered scripture of the ancient Greeks, they were most certainly seen as guides that were important to the intellectual understanding of any educated Greek citizen.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Princess Diana dated Princes Charles for three years before marrying him.
Wikipedia page: Diana, Princess of Wales (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Diana came to prominence in 1981 upon her engagement to Prince Charles, the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II, after a brief courtship.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johann Sebastian Bach died from drowning in a foot of water after he fell off his horse.
Wikipedia page: Johann Sebastian Bach (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He died of complications after eye surgery in 1750 at the age of 65.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cleisthenes came to life around 570,  but didn't help reform the constitution of Athens until 508.
Wikipedia page: Cleisthenes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cleisthenes (; Greek: Κλεισθένης, Kleisthénēs) was an ancient Athenian lawgiver credited with reforming the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing in 508 BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Undertaker is the stage name for WWE wrestler Mark Calaway.
Wikipedia page: The Undertaker (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Mark William Calaway (born March 24, 1965), better known by the ring name The Undertaker, is an American professional wrestler.
section_header: Summary
text: He is currently signed to WWE.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Aretha Franklin was a performer and began her career early as a kid.
Wikipedia page: Aretha Franklin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Franklin began her career as a child singing gospel at New Bethel Baptist Church in Detroit, Michigan, where her father C. L. Franklin was a minister.
section_header: Summary
text: Aretha Louise Franklin (March 25, 1942 – August 16, 2018) was an American singer, songwriter, actress, pianist, and civil rights activist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Earl Weaver never got into MLB proper as a player.
Wikipedia page: Earl Weaver (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career
text: A slick fielder but never much of a hitter, he worked his way up to the Texas League Houston Buffaloes (two steps below the majors) in 1951, though never made it to the big league club.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Igor Stravinsky married one of his own relatives.
Wikipedia page: Igor Stravinsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Pupil of Rimsky-Korsakov and first compositions, 1901–1909
text: In the wake of Rimsky-Korsakov's death, Stravinsky composed Funeral Song, Op. 5 which was performed once and then considered lost until its discovery in 2015.In August 1905, Stravinsky became engaged to his first cousin, Katherine Gavrylivna Nosenko.
section_header: Biography | Pupil of Rimsky-Korsakov and first compositions, 1901–1909
text: In spite of the Orthodox Church's opposition to marriage between first cousins, the couple married on 23 January 1906.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James was very healthy up till his death.
Wikipedia page: James VI and I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Health and death
text: The king was often seriously ill during the last year of his life, leaving him an increasingly peripheral figure, rarely able to visit London, while Buckingham consolidated his control of Charles to ensure his own future.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Enya is originally from England but grew up in Ireland.
Wikipedia page: Enya (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin was born on 17 May 1961 in Dore, within the area of the parish Gaoth Dobhair, in the northwestern county of Donegal, Ireland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mozart had six brothers and sisters.
Wikipedia page: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Early life | Family and childhood
text: He was the youngest of seven children, five of whom died in infancy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard's origins are known.
Wikipedia page: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mo'ai are statues that are on an island named after a holiday.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Moʻai  (listen), or moai (Spanish: moái, Rapa Nui: moʻai, meaning "statue" in Rapa Nui), are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people on Easter Island in eastern Polynesia between the years 1250 and 1500.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The author of Acts of the Apostles in the Bible is not known.
Wikipedia page: Acts of the Apostles (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Acts of the Apostles (Koinē Greek: Πράξεις Ἀποστόλων, Práxeis Apostólōn; Latin: Actūs Apostolōrum), often referred to simply as Acts, or formally the Book of Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Katy Perry's music was not influenced by Madonna.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Artistry | Influences
text: She admires Madonna's ability to reinvent herself, saying "I want to evolve like Madonna", and has credited Madonna for inspiring her to make Prism "darker" than her previous material.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Aretha Franklin was named the Queen of R and B and began her career with the New Bethel Baptist Church.
Wikipedia page: Aretha Franklin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By the end of the 1960s, Aretha Franklin had come to be known as the "Queen of Soul".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Foxconn has many factories in China and makes several of the Apple products.
Wikipedia page: Foxconn (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Notable products manufactured by Foxconn include the BlackBerry, iPad, iPhone 11, iPod, Kindle, Nintendo 3DS, Nokia devices, Xiaomi devices, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and several CPU sockets, including the TR4 CPU socket on some motherboards.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roberto is a baseball player native of San Juan, PR.
Wikipedia page: Roberto Alomar (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Alomar was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico and raised in Salinas, Puerto Rico.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: William Klem was alive when he was elected to the Hall of Fame and was in 18 World Series as an umpire.
Wikipedia page: Bill Klem (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Klem was posthumously inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Merry Wives is one of the less acclaimed masterpiece of William Shakespeare.
Wikipedia page: The Merry Wives of Windsor (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play is one of Shakespeare's lesser-regarded works among literary critics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Melanistic leopards have been seen in fields in New Zealand.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Leopard
text: Melanistic leopards are common in Java, and are also reported from densely forested areas in southwestern China, Myanmar, Assam and Nepal, from Travancore, and some parts of southern India where they may be more numerous than spotted leopards.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Argentina national football team is known for its rivalries and they have lost all their encounters with Nigeria.
Wikipedia page: Argentina national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Argentina national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Argentina) represents Argentina in men's international football and is administered by the Argentine Football Association, the governing body for football in Argentina.
section_header: Rivalries | Nigeria
text: The sense of rivalry is more keenly felt on the Nigerian side, as Argentina have won almost all of their encounters and have more important traditional opponents to concentrate on, in contrast to the West Africans who remain keen to finally overcome a more illustrious foe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roger Connor played a role in Gotham City as Babe Ruth.
Wikipedia page: Roger Connor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He played for several teams, but his longest tenure was in New York, where he was responsible for the New York Gothams becoming known as the Giants.
section_header: MLB playing career | Later career (1891–1897)
text: Connor's career mark of 138 was a benchmark not surpassed until 1921 by Babe Ruth.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sam Crawford is a descendant of the Wahoo Tribe.
Wikipedia page: Sam Crawford (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born in Wahoo, Nebraska, he had a short minor league baseball career before entering the majors with the Cincinnati Reds in 1899.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Cronin was a Major League Baseball (MLB) shortstop, manager and general manager, and became the first AL player to become an All-Star with two teams.
Wikipedia page: Joe Cronin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Joseph Edward Cronin (October 12, 1906 – September 7, 1984) was a Major League Baseball (MLB) shortstop, manager and general manager.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Diana, Princess of Wales was the first wife of Charles, the heir apparent to the British throne, and the mother of Prince William and Prince Harry, although in 1968, she moved to London, where she lived with flatmates and took on various low-paying jobs.
Wikipedia page: Diana, Princess of Wales (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1978, she moved to London, where she lived with flatmates and took on various low-paying jobs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dukas was a German philosopher that worked closely with Nietzsche.
Wikipedia page: Paul Dukas (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Paul Abraham Dukas (French: [dykas]; 1 October 1865 – 17 May 1935) was a French composer, critic, scholar and teacher.
section_header: Summary
text: His best-known work is the orchestral piece
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Inglourious Basterds received positive reviews from many of the critics.
Wikipedia page: Inglourious Basterds (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Critical reception
text: Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 89% of 326 critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 7.82/10.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film called Ben-Hur had the hugest money allowance of its time and was a remake.
Wikipedia page: Ben-Hur (1959 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Ben-Hur had the largest budget ($15.175 million), as well as the largest sets built of any film produced at the time.
section_header: Summary
text: A remake of the 1925 silent film with a similar title, it was adapted from Lew Wallace's 1880 novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rihanna is a Haitian musician and moved to the America in 2004.
Wikipedia page: Rihanna (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Robyn Rihanna Fenty ( ree-AN-ə; born February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, actress, businesswoman and philanthropist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charlie Parker did not have siblings.
Wikipedia page: Charlie Parker (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood
text: He was the only child of Charles Parker and Adelaide
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richard II was buried in a sepulcher he had created for himself and the Queen in Westminster Abbey.
Wikipedia page: Richard II (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: Meanwhile, in 1413, Henry V – in an effort both to atone for his father's act of murder and to silence the rumours of Richard's survival – had decided to have the body at King's Langley moved to its final resting place in Westminster Abbey.
section_header: Death
text: Here Richard himself had prepared an elaborate tomb, where the remains of his wife Anne were already entombed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Prospero promises to use his spells only for good in the future.
Wikipedia page: The Tempest (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Prospero vows that once he achieves his goals, he will set Ariel free, and abandon his magic, saying:  I’ll break my staff,
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Katy Perry real name is Katherine Hudson.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer, songwriter, and television judge.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dame Judi Dench's mother was Irish.
Wikipedia page: Judi Dench (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Her mother, Eleanora Olive (née Jones), was born in Dublin, Ireland.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cry, the Beloved Country has been made into musical theater.
Wikipedia page: Cry, the Beloved Country (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Film, television and theatrical adaptations | Musical adaptation
text: The original Broadway production opened on 30 October 1949 at the Music Box Theatre and starred Todd Duncan and Inez Matthews.
section_header: Summary
text: The novel was also adapted as a musical called Lost in the Stars (1949), with a book by the American writer Maxwell Anderson and music composed by the German emigre Kurt Weill.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: On First Looking into Chapman's Homer is a play that became popular in 1781 by William Herschel.
Wikipedia page: On First Looking into Chapman's Homer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: On First Looking into Chapman's Homer is a sonnet written by the English Romantic poet John Keats (1795–1821) in October 1816.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Over 5,000,000 Fountainhead's books were distributed and sold all over the world.
Wikipedia page: The Fountainhead (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception and legacy | Cultural influence
text: By 2008, it had sold over 6.5 million copies in English.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Second Boer War was a war between the English and the North African indigenous people of Cairo.
Wikipedia page: Second Boer War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Second Boer War (11 October 1899 – 31 May 1902) was fought between the British Empire and two independent Boer states, the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State, over the Empire's influence in South Africa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Metallica is a Bay Area band that lost a band member in the 1980s.
Wikipedia page: Metallica (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The band was formed in 1981 in Los Angeles by vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has been based in San Francisco for most of its career.
section_header: History | Master of Puppets and Burton's death (1986–1987)
text: Burton's death left Metallica's future in doubt.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: No political leader has ever yielded to the sweet temptation of wearing Joker inspired  clown facepaint for a public appearance.
Wikipedia page: Joker (2019 film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Future | Cultural impact
text: During a Five Star Movement event in October 2019, Italian comedian and politician Beppe Grillo gave a speech wearing the Joker's makeup.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The original manuscript no longer exists.
Wikipedia page: The Tale of Genji (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Manuscripts
text: The original manuscript written by Murasaki Shikibu no longer exists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Unfortunately, a version of this novel featuring the undead and shinobi assassins has never been writen.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Literature
text: In March 2009, Seth Grahame-Smith's Pride and Prejudice and Zombies takes Austen's work and mashes it up with zombie hordes, cannibalism, ninja  and ultraviolent mayhem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Black Hawk War involved Abraham Lincoln.
Wikipedia page: Black Hawk War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Intertribal war and American policy
text: Among the militiamen was 23-year-old Abraham Lincoln, who was elected captain of his company.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: High Noon was shot in the west coast.
Wikipedia page: High Noon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Filming
text: High Noon was filmed in the late summer/early fall of 1951 in several locations in California.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johann Sebastian Bach is considered the one of the best composers.
Wikipedia page: Johann Sebastian Bach (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | 21st century
text: In 2019, Bach was named the greatest composer of all time in a poll conducted among 174 living composers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In The Heart is a Lonely Hunter, the character of Margaret Kelly is understood to represent the positive, can-do spirit of rugged American individualism.
Wikipedia page: The Heart is a Lonely Hunter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Characters
text: Rich argues that "she represents the real causes of the failure of democracy" as while she has dreams she is unable to figure out what they are, and that she represents "public apathy".
section_header: Characters
text: Rich describes Mick as representing women and ordinary White Americans, particularly the silent majority.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charlemagne was both a king and an emperor from 768 to 800.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He became king in 768 following his father's death, initially as co-ruler with his brother Carloman I. Carloman's sudden death in December 771 under unexplained circumstances left Charlemagne the sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The poem "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" is a poem that sets the standard to use England as a background for poetry.
Wikipedia page: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751.
section_header: Influence | Poetic parallels
text: In choosing an "English" over a Classical setting, Gray provided a model for later poets wishing to describe England and the English countryside during the second half of the 18th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Goodbye, Mr. Chips is about a strict professor thought to be based on one of the author's own teachers.
Wikipedia page: Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspiration
text: Mr. Chips is also likely to have been based on W. H. Balgarnie, a master at The Leys (1900–30), who was in charge of the Leys Fortnightly (in which Hilton's first short stories and essays were published).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: McCartney first joined a band named the Quarrymen.
Wikipedia page: Paul McCartney (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 1957–1960: The Quarrymen
text: The Quarrymen played a mix of rock and roll and skiffle, a type of popular music with jazz, blues and folk influences.
section_header: Career | 1957–1960: The Quarrymen
text: At the age of fifteen on 6 July 1957, McCartney met John Lennon and his band, the Quarrymen, at the St Peter's Church Hall fête in Woolton.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mackey was employed as a fork hoist driver in California after he stopped playing baseball.
Wikipedia page: Biz Mackey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Life after baseball
text: In the 1950s, he moved to Los Angeles and began working as a forklift operator.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom is a 2018 American science fiction film about selling dinosaurs on the black market.
Wikipedia page: Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: At the estate, Lockwood's orphaned granddaughter Maisie overhears Mills and auctioneer Mr. Eversoll secretly planning to auction the captured dinosaurs on the black market.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Goose Goslin was never part of a team as they won baseball's largest tournament.
Wikipedia page: Goose Goslin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A two time World Series winner, he was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1968 via the Veterans Committee.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Maroon 5 started in San Francisco.
Wikipedia page: Maroon 5 (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Maroon 5 is an American pop rock and funk pop band from Los Angeles, California.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pride and Prejudice was written in 1813 and has since been modified.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film, television and theatre
text: Pride and Prejudice has engendered numerous adaptations.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tchaikovsky was a composer of the Industrial Revolution period.
Wikipedia page: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (English:  chy-KOF-skee; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский, IPA: [pʲɵtr ɪlʲˈjitɕ tɕɪjˈkofskʲɪj] (listen); 7 May 1840 – 6 November 1893) was a Russian composer of the Romantic period.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The poem Jabberwocky has a monster and was written by the same author of Alice in Wonderland.
Wikipedia page: Jabberwocky (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Origin and publication
text: A decade before the publication of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and the sequel Through the Looking-Glass, Carroll wrote the first stanza to what would become "Jabberwocky" while in Croft on Tees, close to Darlington, where he lived as a child.
section_header: Summary
text: "Jabberwocky" is a nonsense poem written by Lewis Carroll about the killing of a creature named "the Jabberwock".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 28, 1935) was an American settlement activist, reformer, social worker, sociologist, public administrator and author who became the first woman to receive an honorary degree from Yale.
Wikipedia page: Jane Addams (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1910, Addams was awarded an honorary master of arts degree from Yale University, becoming the first woman to receive an honorary degree from the school.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The pedestrians can access to four walking lanes of the Brooklyn Bridge on each side.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Usage | Vehicular traffic | Exits and entrances
text: There are two entrances to the bridge's pedestrian promenade on either side.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kate Winslet had the flu while filming the movie Titanic.
Wikipedia page: Kate Winslet (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 1997–2003: Stardom with Titanic and small-scale features
text: She almost drowned, caught influenza, suffered from hypothermia, and had bruises on her arms and knees.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Metamorphosis is a theme in the the Latin narrative poem.
Wikipedia page: Metamorphoses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes | Metamorphosis
text: In nova fert animus mutatas dicere formas / corpora; Metamorphosis or transformation is a unifying theme amongst the episodes of the Metamorphoses.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi would call arbitrary persons in order to be able to experience what they sound like.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Life in the Forbidden City
text: Johnston also introduced Puyi to the telephone, which Puyi soon became addicted to, phoning people in Beijing at random just to hear their voices on the other end.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In the film Babe, Babe is raised by dogs.
Wikipedia page: Babe (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The winning farmer, Arthur Hoggett, brings him home and allows him to stay with a Border Collie named Fly, her mate Rex and their puppies, in the barn.
section_header: Plot
text: Babe, an orphaned piglet, is chosen for a "guess the weight" contest at a county fair.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Hastings was won by the Saxons.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Hastings (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
section_header: Summary
text: It took place approximately 7 miles (11 kilometres) northwest of Hastings, close to the present-day town of Battle, East Sussex, and was a decisive Norman victory.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Mexican government seized Zebulon's diaries.
Wikipedia page: Zebulon Pike (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Journals
text: The Spanish authorities confiscated Pike's journals, which were not recovered by the United States from Mexico until the 1900s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Newman was a shaker born in the Pennsylvania Amish country with parents who exercised a religion that didn't believe in using modern medicine in times of illness before their death.
Wikipedia page: Paul Newman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Newman practised no religion as an adult, but described himself as a Jew, saying "it's more of a challenge".
section_header: Early life
text: Newman was born January 26, 1925, in Shaker Heights, Ohio, the second son of Theresa Garth (née Fetzer, Fetzko, or Fetsko; Slovak: Terézia Fecková; 1894–1982) and Arthur Sigmund Newman Sr. (1893–1950), who ran a sporting goods store.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Czechoslovakian writer that was reported to be in a relationship with Sergey Kireyev.
Wikipedia page: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (English:  chy-KOF-skee; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский, IPA: [pʲɵtr ɪlʲˈjitɕ tɕɪjˈkofskʲɪj] (listen); 7 May 1840 – 6 November 1893) was a Russian composer of the Romantic period.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Twice-Told Tales is a short story collection that got its title from a play from Shakespeare.
Wikipedia page: Twice-Told Tales (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication
text: The title, Twice-Told Tales, was based on a line from William Shakespeare's The Life and Death of King John (Act 3, scene 4): "Life is as tedious as a twice-told tale, / Vexing the dull ear of a drowsy man.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: King Kelly played all baseball positions.
Wikipedia page: King Kelly (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Michael Joseph "King" Kelly (December 31, 1857 – November 8, 1894), also commonly known as "$10,000 Kelly", was an American outfielder, catcher, and manager in various professional American baseball leagues including the National League, International Association, Players' League, and the American Association.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The more complex main alcohol is methanol.
Wikipedia page: Alcohol (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Nomenclature | Common names
text: The simplest primary alcohol is methanol (CH3OH), for which R=H, and the next is ethanol, for which R=CH3, the methyl group.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The poem was written in the mid seventeenth century.
Wikipedia page: To His Coy Mistress (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "To His Coy Mistress" is a Cavalier poem written by the English author and politician Andrew Marvell (1621–1678) either during or just before the English Interregnum (1649–60).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: ByteDance is an Asian company that is headquartered in China and is valued over a billion dollars.
Wikipedia page: ByteDance (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ByteDance is reportedly worth over US$100 billion as of May 2020.ByteDance's core product, Toutiao ("Headlines"), is a content platform in China and around the world.
section_header: Summary
text: ByteDance Ltd. (Chinese: 字节跳动; pinyin: Zìjié Tiàodòng) is a Chinese multinational internet technology company headquartered in Beijing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sutton was a guest on a popular game-show from the late 1970s a few times.
Wikipedia page: Don Sutton (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Game shows
text: Sutton appeared as a celebrity panelist on several occasions on Match Game between 1976 and 1981.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ambrose Burnside supported the NRA.
Wikipedia page: Ambrose Burnside (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1871, he became the first president of the National Rifle Association, holding the office until 1872.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A part of the plot for the novel, The Natural, the protagonist gets hit by a bullet because he struck out the best player in baseball.
Wikipedia page: The Natural (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Her intended target was Whammer, but after Hobbs struck him out, her attention shifts to Hobbs.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Moai statues of Easter Island were designed so that coconuts could be inserted to serve as eyeballs.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description | Characteristics | Eyes
text: In 1979, Sergio Rapu Haoa and a team of archaeologists discovered that the hemispherical or deep elliptical eye sockets were designed to hold coral eyes with either black obsidian or red scoria pupils.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The phrase Go Down Moses" comes from Exodus but can be found in many songs.
Wikipedia page: Go Down, Moses (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Go Down Moses" is a spiritual phrase that describes events in the Old Testament of the Bible, specifically Exodus 8:1: " And the LORD spake unto Moses, Go unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Let my people go, that they may serve me", in which God commands Moses to demand the release of the Israelites from bondage in Egypt.
section_header: In popular culture | Music
text: The song has since become a jazz standard, having been recorded by Grant Green, Fats Waller, Archie Shepp, Hampton Hawes and many others.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The soundtrack received an Oscar nod and Phantom Thread got many other nods after 2017 critical reviews.
Wikipedia page: Phantom Thread (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Soundtrack
text: It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score, Greenwood's first Oscar nomination.
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: The subsequent weekend, following the announcement of its six Oscar nominations, and having added an additional 125 theaters, the film grossed $2.9 million.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Babe is a comedy-drama film directed and was successful.
Wikipedia page: Babe (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Babe is a 1995 comedy-drama film directed by Chris Noonan, produced by George Miller, written by both, narrated by Roscoe Lee Browne, and starring James Cromwell and Magda Szubanski with the voices of Christine Cavanaugh, Miriam Margolyes, Hugo Weaving, and Danny Mann.
section_header: Summary
text: The film was both a box office and critical success, grossing $254 million worldwide and earning seven Oscar nominations, including a win for Best Visual Effects.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel recived varied feeback in the intial evaluations.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical response | Early reviews (1847–1848)
text: Early reviews of Wuthering Heights were mixed in their assessment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bridge on the River Kwaia is an American romantic drama movie written by Robert James Waller in 1997.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge on the River Kwai (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bridge on the River Kwai is a 1957 adventure epic war film directed by David Lean and based on the 1952 novel written by Pierre Boulle.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: U.S. President Roanld Regan gave a historic speech at Brandenburg Gate wanting the Berli Wall to be removed.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Political history
text: In the 1980s, decrying the existence of two German states and two Berlins, West Berlin mayor Richard von Weizsäcker said: "The German question is open as long as the Brandenburg Gate is closed." On 12 June 1987, U.S. President Ronald Reagan spoke to the West Berlin populace at the Brandenburg Gate, demanding the razing of the Berlin Wall.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richard Nixon was the first president to be impeached while in office if he had not stepped down.
Wikipedia page: Richard Nixon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until 1974.
section_header: Presidency (1969–1974) | Reelection, Watergate scandal, and resignation | Resignation
text: In light of his loss of political support and the near-certainty that he would be impeached and removed from office, Nixon resigned the presidency on August 9, 1974, after addressing the nation on television the previous evening.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There is not a monument of Shakira, about three times as big as the real one, erected in her birth town. That would be weird.
Wikipedia page: Shakira (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Monuments
text: In 2006, a six-tonne, 16-foot tall statue of Shakira designed by the German artist Dieter Patt was installed in Shakira's hometown Barranquilla in  the park near Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez, where Shakira performed during her Oral Fixation Tour.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Carmichael passed away in 1982.
Wikipedia page: Hoagy Carmichael (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and legacy
text: On December 27, 1981, at age 82, Carmichael died of  Heart attack at the Eisenhower Medical Center in Rancho Mirage, California.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ralph Kiner had English roots.
Wikipedia page: Ralph Kiner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was of Pennsylvania Dutch (German) and Scots-Irish ancestry, although his maternal grandmother was Jewish.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The X-men is a series of comics created by Steve Ditko with Stan Lee.
Wikipedia page: X-Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Created by artist/co-writer Jack Kirby and writer Stan Lee, the characters first appeared in The X-Men #1 (September 1963) and formed one of the most recognizable and successful franchises of Marvel Comics, appearing in numerous books, television shows, films, and video games.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Paul Dukas is buried in a stone crypt with other family members.
Wikipedia page: Paul Dukas (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Later years
text: He was cremated and his ashes were placed in the columbarium at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kiner's injuries caused him to retire from playing baseball.
Wikipedia page: Ralph Kiner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career (1946-1955)
text: A back injury forced him to retire at the age of 32, finishing his career with 369 home runs,
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charlemagne was the youngest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Charlemagne was the eldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, born before their canonical marriage.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bonnie never took part in any of the crimes according to police.
Wikipedia page: Bonnie and Clyde (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nonetheless, numerous police accounts detail her attempts to murder police officers (although gang member W.D. Jones contradicted them at trial).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Twenty Years After takes place in Germany.
Wikipedia page: Twenty Years After (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel follows events in France during the Fronde, during the childhood reign of Louis XIV, and in England near the end of the English Civil War, leading up to the victory of Oliver Cromwell and the execution of King Charles I. Through the words of the main characters, particularly Athos
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie takes place over twenty four months.
Wikipedia page: Hannah and Her Sisters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hannah and Her Sisters is a 1986 American comedy-drama film which tells the intertwined stories of an extended family over two years that begins and ends with a family Thanksgiving dinner.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Born in Rome into a family with ties to "Black Nobility", Pope Pius XII declared that any church member would be excommunicated if a communist, and he eliminated the Italian majority as Cardinals twelve years before his death.
Wikipedia page: Pope Pius XII (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli was born on 2 March 1876 in Rome into a family of intense Catholic piety with a history of ties to the papacy (the "Black Nobility").
section_header: Summary
text: During his papacy, the Church issued the Decree against Communism, declaring that Catholics who profess Communist doctrine are to be excommunicated as apostates from the Christian faith.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joe Gordon nicknamed was based off a non-fictional person called Speedy.
Wikipedia page: Joe Gordon (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Joseph Lowell Gordon (February 18, 1915 – April 14, 1978), nicknamed "Flash" in reference to the comic-book character Flash Gordon, was an American second baseman, coach and manager in Major League Baseball who played for the New York Yankees and Cleveland Indians from 1938 to 1950.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leonard played in only 1 league for baseball.
Wikipedia page: Buck Leonard (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: November 27, 1997) was an American first baseman in Negro league baseball and in the Mexican League.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: All the King's Men received mixed critics.
Wikipedia page: All the King's Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception
text: Contemporary response to the novel was largely positive.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hugh Jennings had to change positions after he made a throw that resulted in injury.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Jennings (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baltimore Orioles: 1893–1899
text: In 1898, he threw his arm out, and his career as a shortstop came to an end.
section_header: Baltimore Orioles: 1893–1899
text: After that, Jennings was forced to move to first base.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Argentina national football team represents Argentina in men's international football and is known for having rivalries with Brazil, Uruguay, England, and Germany due to particular occurrences with one another throughout football history.
Wikipedia page: Argentina national football team (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Argentina national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Argentina) represents Argentina in men's international football and is administered by the Argentine Football Association, the governing body for football in Argentina.
Verdict: SUPPORTS