tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: The Natural is a book about Roy Hobbs a natural southpaw boxer who goes on to win the heavyweight title from Boom Boom Mancini.
Wikipedia page: The Natural (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Natural is a 1952 novel about baseball by Bernard Malamud, and is his debut novel.
section_header: Summary
text: The story follows Roy Hobbs, a baseball prodigy whose career is sidetracked when he is shot by a woman whose motivation remains mysterious.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johnny Depp has been in many successful films, including Black Mass, and is the 10th best paid actor in the world.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Depp (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has starred in a number of successful films, including Cry-Baby (1990), Dead Man (1995), Sleepy Hollow (1999), Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), Corpse Bride (2005), Public Enemies (2009), Alice in Wonderland (2010) and its 2016 sequel, The Tourist (2010), Rango (2011), Dark Shadows (2012), Into the Woods (2014), and Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald (2018).
section_header: Summary
text: Depp is the tenth highest-grossing actor worldwide, as films featuring Depp have grossed over US$3.7 billion at the United States box office and over US$10 billion worldwide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ken Griffey Jr. was not at his dad's champion games because he had to stay home with a babysitter instead.
Wikipedia page: Ken Griffey Jr. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Ken Jr. was in the clubhouse during his father's back-to-back championships in the 1975 and 1976 World Series.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The film High Noon subverts gender norms of the time by having the woman rescue the man.
Wikipedia page: High Noon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: And who saves him? His Quaker wife.
section_header: Reception
text: Some critics scoffed at the unorthodox rescue of the hero by the heroine.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pedro Alvares Cabral was a nobleman and awarded Knight in the King's Council.
Wikipedia page: Pedro Alvares Cabral (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pedro Álvares Cabral (European Portuguese: [ˈpeðɾu ˈaɫvɐr(ɨ)ʃ kɐˈβɾaɫ] or Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈpedɾu ˈawvaɾis kaˈbɾaw]; né Pedro Álvares de Gouveia; c. 1467 or 1468 – c. 1520) was a Portuguese nobleman, military commander, navigator and explorer regarded as the European discoverer of Brazil.
section_header: Titles and honors | Nobility
text: Knight in the King's Council around 1518.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are several theories about which building may have inspired the novel.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Setting | Inspiration for locations
text: There are several theories about which real building or buildings (if any) may have inspired Wuthering Heights.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Brandenburg Gate was originally called the peace gate.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Design and construction
text: The new gate was commissioned by Frederick William II of Prussia to represent peace and was originally named the Peace Gate (German: Friedenstor).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Goodbye, Mr. Chips' story happens in Canada.
Wikipedia page: Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The novella tells the story of a beloved school teacher, Mr Chipping, and his long tenure at Brookfield School, a fictional minor British boys' public boarding school located in the fictional village of Brookfield, in the Fenlands.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Katy Perry's debut album was not successful.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Roger Taney was the 10th Supreme Court Justice.
Wikipedia page: Roger B. Taney (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Roger Brooke Taney (; March 17, 1777 – October 12, 1864) was the fifth Chief Justice of the United States, holding that office from 1836 until his death in 1864.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Don Sutton's parents were teenagers when they had him.
Wikipedia page: Don Sutton (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: At the time Sutton was born his father was 18 and his mother was 15.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi used the name "Paul" when he was referred to by  an English name.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Names and titles
text: Puyi is also known to have used an English given name, "Henry", which he chose from a list of English kings given to him by his English-language teacher, Scotsman Reginald Johnston, after Puyi asked for an English name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Toronto, the largest city in Canada, has 100,000 immigrants to the area every year.
Wikipedia page: Toronto (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With a recorded population of 2,731,571 in 2016, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As a child, Alkan changed his name along with his brothers and sister.
Wikipedia page: Valentin Alkan (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Family
text: At an early age, Charles-Valentin and his siblings adopted their father's first name as their last (and were known by this during their studies at the Conservatoire de Paris and subsequent careers).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The company manufactures around forty percents of all the electronic goods from all around the world.
Wikipedia page: Foxconn (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As of 2012, Foxconn factories manufactured an estimated 40% of all consumer electronics sold worldwide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Gordon was listed 7th in MLB history in double plays.
Wikipedia page: Joe Gordon (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He ranked sixth in major league history in double plays (1,160) upon retiring, and was sixth in AL history in games (1,519), putouts (3,600), assists (4,706) and total chances (8,566) and seventh in fielding percentage (.970).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Von Weber had two younger siblings.
Wikipedia page: Carl Maria von Weber (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Childhood
text: Weber was born in Eutin, Bishopric of Lübeck, the eldest of the three children of Franz Anton von Weber and his second wife, Genovefa Weber, a Viennese singer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel Sons and Lovers was not received very highly until later and was the third novel by the author.
Wikipedia page: Sons and Lovers (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While the novel initially received a lukewarm critical reception, along with allegations of obscenity, it is today regarded as a masterpiece by many critics and is often regarded as Lawrence's finest achievement.
section_header: Development and publication history
text: The third published novel of D. H. Lawrence, taken by many to be his earliest masterpiece, tells the story of Paul Morel, a young man and budding artist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The First Crusade objective was at times supported by the church and became a campaign to take hold of the ancient spiritual city where Christ set up his church even by violent means.
Wikipedia page: First Crusade (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Princes' Crusade | Establishment of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
text: On 22 July, a council was held in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre to establish governance for Jerusalem.
section_header: Princes' Crusade | Siege of Jerusalem
text: The eyewitness accounts from the crusaders themselves leave little doubt that there was great slaughter in the aftermath of the siege.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Katy comes as the last born in her family.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1984–1998: Early life
text: She has a younger brother named David, who is a singer, and an older sister, Angela.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: We Like Digging? did not receive a Grammy.
Wikipedia page: Maroon 5 (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and recognition
text: We Like Digging? (1995) The Fourth World (1997) Stagg Street Recordings (1999) Maroon 5 have been the recipients of three Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, and three People's Choice Awards, with five Teen Choice Awards, and eight Billboard Music Awards.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pope Gregory XIII was an math teacher before becoming pope.
Wikipedia page: Pope Gregory XIII (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Early biography | Youth
text: He later taught jurisprudence for some years, and his students included notable figures such as Cardinals Alexander Farnese, Reginald Pole and Charles Borromeo.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Japanese rock duo B'z who released 49 consecutive number 1 singles, and are considered the "biggest rock act in Japan" were the first Asian inductees into Hollywoods' Rockwalk in Sunset Boulevard, California, United States.
Wikipedia page: B'z (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By AllMusic are considered as the "biggest rock act in Japan and the entirety of Asia".
section_header: Awards and achievements
text: include "the most number one singles (49), most consecutive number one singles (49), longest streak of number one singles (49), total weeks singles were at number one (66), longest consecutive period with a single at number one (20 Years), most singles in the top 10 concurrently (9), the most million-selling albums (19), most number-one albums (26), and the only artist in history to lead all six major categories tracked by Oricon" among others, including total CD shipment of over 100 million copies and other about home videos.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Of Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote that the short story form had rarely been so ill-used.
Wikipedia page: Twice-Told Tales (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical response
text: Hawthorne wrote to him, "We were not, it is true, so well acquainted at college, that I can plead an absolute right to inflict my 'twice-told' tediousness upon you; but I have often regretted that we were not better known." In his 14-page critique in the April issue of the North American Review, Longfellow praised the book as a work of genius.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dover Beach is a poem about a populated beach.
Wikipedia page: Dover Beach (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Analysis
text: you hear the grating roar"). The beach, however, is bare, with only a hint of humanity in a light that "gleams and is gone".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: ADX Florence has various types of security cells and cell phones are typically prohibited.
Wikipedia page: ADX Florence (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: ADX Florence forms part of the Florence Federal Correctional Complex (FCC Florence), which is situated on 49 acres (20 ha) of land and houses different facilities with varying degrees of security, including the United States Penitentiary, Florence High.
section_header: Summary
text: Phones are generally banned and only limited broadcast entertainment is permitted.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Song of Solomon is a passage from the Bible detailing some "laws" in the Christian faith.
Wikipedia page: Song of Solomon (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Song of Songs is unique within the Hebrew Bible: it shows no interest in Law or Covenant or the God of Israel, nor does it teach or explore wisdom like Proverbs or Ecclesiastes (although it does have some affinities to wisdom literature, as the ascription to Solomon indicates); instead, it celebrates sexual love, giving "the voices of two lovers, praising each other, yearning for each other, proffering invitations to enjoy".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cat's Cradle is a novel that was first written by Kurt Vonnegut as a Graduate proposal but was denied.
Wikipedia page: Cat's Cradle (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After turning down his original thesis in 1947, the University of Chicago awarded Vonnegut his master's degree in anthropology in 1971 for Cat's Cradle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Brandenburg Gate was built  at a previous city gate that John F. Kennedy visited and has symbolized freedom.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: One of the best-known landmarks of Germany, it was built on the site of a former city gate that marked the start of the road from Berlin to the town of Brandenburg an der Havel, which used to be capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The tower is located in Italy.
Wikipedia page: Leaning Tower of Pisa (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa [ˈtorre di ˈpiːza, - ˈpiːsa]) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film is a suspenseful drama about a man and his husband.
Wikipedia page: High Noon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The plot, which occurs in real time, centers on a town marshal whose sense of duty is tested when he must decide to either face a gang of killers alone, or leave town with his new wife.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: King Kelly worked in the textile industry before he played baseball professionally.
Wikipedia page: King Kelly (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: According to the 1870 census, a Michael Kelly of his age was working in a silk mill in Paterson as of that year.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Phantom Thread occurs  in London in the 1950s but was filmed in 2017.
Wikipedia page: Phantom Thread (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Phantom Thread is a 2017 American historical drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson and starring Daniel Day-Lewis, Lesley Manville and Vicky Krieps.
section_header: Summary
text: Set in 1950s London, it stars Day-Lewis as an haute couture dressmaker who takes a young waitress, played by Krieps as his muse.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Grover Cleveland Alexander birthplace is Ukiah, California and he won a Worlds Series with the Phillies.
Wikipedia page: Grover Cleveland Alexander (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Alexander was born in Elba, Nebraska, in the first term of President Grover Cleveland and was one of 13 children.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Only one kneeling moai has visible legs.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description
text: Except for one kneeling moai, the statues do not have clearly visible legs.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Amino acids are being researched as possible components of the garments that prevent infants soiling the floor.
Wikipedia page: Amino acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Uses in industry | Biodegradable plastics
text: An interesting example of such materials is polyaspartate, a water-soluble biodegradable polymer that may have applications in disposable diapers and agriculture.
section_header: Uses in industry | Biodegradable plastics
text: Amino acids have been considered as components of  biodegradable polymers, which have applications as environmentally friendly packaging and in medicine in drug delivery and the construction of prosthetic implants.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: English actor Kate Winslet is apart of an elite group of actors that have won at least 3 awards out of the 4 popular U.S. award show.
Wikipedia page: Kate Winslet (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Acting credits and awards
text: She is among the few actresses to have won three of the four major American entertainment awards (EGOT).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The poem by Leo McCarey "The Bells of St. Mary's" has become associated with Christmas and was referenced in the movie It's a Wonderful Life.
Wikipedia page: The Bells of St. Mary's (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bells of St. Mary's (1945) is an American drama film, produced and directed by Leo McCarey and starring Bing Crosby and Ingrid Bergman.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: For the release of Inglourious Basterds in Germany, the cover art had to be altered in order to hide a symbol of hate but not the symbol in the actual movie itself. .
Wikipedia page: Inglourious Basterds (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release | Promotion in Germany and Austria
text: Though the advertisement posters and wallpapers may not show Nazi iconography, this does not apply to "works of art", according to German law and Austrian law, so the film itself is neither censored in Germany nor Austria.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Depp never won any awards for his roles.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Depp (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has been nominated for ten Golden Globe Awards, winning one for Best Actor for his performance of the title role in Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007), and has been nominated for three Academy Awards for Best Actor, among other accolades.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Monroe Doctrine term came about 27 years after the document had been written.
Wikipedia page: Monroe Doctrine (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy that opposed European colonialism in the Americas.
section_header: Summary
text: It began in 1823; however, the term "Monroe Doctrine" itself was not coined until 1850.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: During Trajan's years as ruler, Hadrian become elder consul.
Wikipedia page: Hadrian (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Public service | Relationship with Trajan and his family
text: Late in Trajan's reign, Hadrian failed to achieve a senior consulship, being only suffect consul for 108; this gave him parity of status with other members of the senatorial nobility, but no particular distinction befitting an heir designate.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Battle of Hastings was fought between two parties.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Hastings (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Brooklyn Bridge's title was changed in 1916 to avoid confusion with another bridge with a similar name.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Planning
text: Alternatively, the span was just referred to as the "Brooklyn Bridge", a name originating in a January 25, 1867, letter to the editor sent to the Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
section_header: History | Late 19th through early 20th centuries
text: The city government passed a bill to officially name the structure the "Brooklyn Bridge" in January 1915.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Moai have really big heads carved into them and many carvings have been moved over time. .
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description
text: The over-large heads (a three-to-five ratio between the head and the trunk, a sculptural trait that demonstrates the Polynesian belief in the sanctity of the chiefly head) have heavy brows and elongated noses with a distinctive fish-hook-shaped curl of the nostrils.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There is no troubling string of self-terminations carried out by Foxconn's well-treated workers.
Wikipedia page: Foxconn (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversies | Suicides
text: In reaction to a spate of worker suicides in which 14 people died in 2010, Foxconn installed suicide-prevention netting at the base of buildings in some facilities and promised to offer substantially higher wages at its Shenzhen production bases.
section_header: Controversies | Suicides
text: In 2012 and into 2013, three young Foxconn employees were reported to have died by jumping off buildings.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Cronin had Irish roots.
Wikipedia page: Joe Cronin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: The 1906 San Francisco earthquake had cost his Irish Catholic parents almost all of their possessions.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Lee MacPhail passed away at his home at the age of 92.
Wikipedia page: Lee MacPhail (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: MacPhail lived in Delray Beach, Florida, where he died November 8, 2012, at his home.
section_header: Later life
text: He was 95. At time of his death he was the oldest living Hall of Famer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Roger Connor's parents were from England.
Wikipedia page: Roger Connor (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was the son of Irish immigrants Mortimer Connor and Catherine Sullivan Connor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rollie Fingers did go to university for a year.
Wikipedia page: Rollie Fingers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and minor league career
text: Fingers attended Upland High School in the Southern California city of Upland, and later, he attended one semester at Chaffey Junior College.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Edgar Martinez is of Puerto Rican decent, but has never visited his family that lives there.
Wikipedia page: Edgar Martínez (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His parents divorced when he was two years old, and he was taken in by his grandparents, who lived in the barrio of Maguayo in Dorado, Puerto Rico.
section_header: Early life
text: His brother and sister returned to New York to live with their parents, but Edgar opted to remain in Dorado with his grandparents.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Wuthering Heights is the only completed book by Emily Bronte.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Brontë's only finished novel, it was written between October 1845 and June 1846.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film Nicholas and Alexandra, the peasant Rasputin is killed because he wields influence over the Tsarina.
Wikipedia page: Nicholas and Alexandra (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Concerned about Rasputin's influence, Grand Duke Dmitri and Prince Felix Yusupov invite Rasputin to a party in December 1916 and eventually murder him despite several unsuccessful attempts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel Pride and Prejudice made a case for arranged marriages.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel revolves around the importance of marrying for love, not for money or social prestige, despite the communal pressure to make a wealthy match.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The first word in Homer's the Iliad translates to mean fame.
Wikipedia page: Iliad (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes | Menis
text: The poem's initial word, μῆνιν (mēnin; acc.
section_header: Themes | Menis
text: μῆνις, mēnis, "wrath," "rage," "fury") , establishes the Iliad's principal theme: The "Wrath of Achilles".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A black panther is a panther with excessive black pigment and it is the dominant trait.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Melanism in the leopard is caused by a recessive allele, and in the jaguar by a dominant allele.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Black leopards are referred to as black panthers due to their missing spots.
Wikipedia page: Black Panther (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Black panthers of both species have excess black pigments, but their typical spotted markings are also present.
section_header: Leopard
text: The face and underparts are paler and dappled like those of ordinary spotted leopards.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tom Connolly played cricket in his youth in Manchester until he moved to Massachusetts, where eventually becoming the preeminent authority for umpiring.
Wikipedia page: Tom Connolly (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: It was not until his family emigrated to the United States in 1885, settling in Natick, Massachusetts, that he saw the game of baseball played for the first time, but he was quickly fascinated and resolved himself to learning as much about the game as he could.
section_header: MLB career
text: Travelling throughout the league to work with other umpires and ensure that everyone's work was meeting the same high standards, he remained in that post until 1954, and came to be known as the nation's foremost expert on baseball rules.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The movie, A Bell for Adano is an adaptation of a play.
Wikipedia page: A Bell for Adano (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was adapted from the novel of the same title by John Hersey, which won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1945.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Separate Tables plays went by different names.
Wikipedia page: Separate Tables (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The second play, Table Number Seven, is set about 18 months after the events of the previous play, and deals with the touching friendship between a repressed spinster and Major Pollock, a kindly but bogus man posing as an upper-class retired army officer.
section_header: Summary
text: The first play, titled Table by the Window, focuses on the troubled relationship between a disgraced Labour politician and his ex-wife.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Deng Xiaoping had 5 kids with his last wife.
Wikipedia page: Deng Xiaoping (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and family
text: His third wife, Zhuo Lin, was the daughter of an industrialist in Yunnan.
section_header: Early life and family
text: They had five children: three daughters (Deng Lin, Deng Nan and Deng Rong) and two sons (Deng Pufang and Deng Zhifang).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi was known to use the English name William.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Names and titles
text: Puyi is also known to have used an English given name, "Henry", which he chose from a list of English kings given to him by his English-language teacher, Scotsman Reginald Johnston, after Puyi asked for an English name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The actor that played Farmer Hoggett in Babe was so effected by the role that he stopped eating meat or animal products.
Wikipedia page: Babe (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: James Cromwell became an ethical vegan as a result of starring as Farmer Hoggett, saying, "I decided that to be able to talk about this [movie] with conviction, I needed to become a vegetarian.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Within the last 5 years, Cooper had a child with a Russian model.
Wikipedia page: Bradley Cooper (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He first gained recognition as Will Tippin in the spy-action television show Alias (2001–2006), and achieved minor success with a supporting part in the comedy film Wedding Crashers (2005).
section_header: Summary
text: He was also in a relationship with Russian model Irina Shayk from 2015 to 2019, with whom he has a daughter.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willie Mays ended his career playing for New York.
Wikipedia page: Willie Mays (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Willie Howard Mays Jr. (born May 6, 1931), nicknamed "The Say Hey Kid", is an American former professional baseball center fielder, who spent almost all of his 22-season Major League Baseball (MLB) career playing for the New York/San Francisco Giants, before finishing with the New York Mets.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nicholas and Alexandra is a novel by Robert Massie
Wikipedia page: Nicholas and Alexandra (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Nicholas and Alexandra is a 1971 British biographical film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner and written by James Goldman, based on Robert K. Massie's 1967 book of the same name, which is a partial account of the last ruling Russian monarch, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A photon can be described as a particle representing the smallest possible amount of light or other type of electromagnetic radiation.
Wikipedia page: Photon (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force.
section_header: Summary
text: Experiments validated Einstein's approach, and in 1926, Gilbert N. Lewis popularized the term photon for these energy units.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are two entrances on the bridge for pedestritians on each side.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Usage | Vehicular traffic | Exits and entrances
text: There are two entrances to the bridge's pedestrian promenade on either side.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alexandre César Léopold Bizet is from the southern coastal town of France, Marseilles.
Wikipedia page: Georges Bizet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early years | Family background and childhood
text: Georges Bizet was born in Paris on 25 October 1838.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Grover Cleveland Alexander suffered from PTSD from his involvement in the Vietnam War.
Wikipedia page: Grover Cleveland Alexander (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major League Baseball career
text: Following his return from the war, Alexander suffered from shell shock and was plagued with epileptic seizures, which only exacerbated his drinking problem.
section_header: Major League Baseball career
text: "Alexander was drafted and one month before shipping out, he married Amy Marie Arrants on May 31 in a courthouse ceremony in Manhattan, Kansas (the couple divorced in 1929, remarried in 1931, and divorced again in 1941).Alexander spent most of the 1918 season in France as a sergeant with the 342nd Field Artillery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexander was referred to as "Old Pete".
Wikipedia page: Grover Cleveland Alexander (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Nicknames
text: On his 1940 Playball baseball card he was referred to as "Ol' Pete." In The World Series and Highlights of Baseball, by Lamont Buchanan, published in 1951, the year after Alexander died, on pp.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "The Open Boat" is non-fiction written by Crane.
Wikipedia page: The Open Boat (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Style and genre
text: Although autobiographical in nature, "The Open Boat" is a work of fiction; it is often considered a principal example of Naturalism, an offshoot of the Realist literary movement, in which scientific principles of objectivity and detachment are applied to the study of human characteristics.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The novel is about a well liked school teacher and set at Brookfield School, a real English boarding school in Derbyshire.
Wikipedia page: Goodbye, Mr. Chips (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Inspiration
text: Early in the novel, Anderson briefly reminisces about attending Brookfield and knowing "Chips".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Keats's work was so influential that it affected many famous poets and writers after him.
Wikipedia page: On First Looking into Chapman's Homer (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Cultural references to the poem
text: Edgar Allan Poe was inspired by Keats's writing about the discovery of Uranus when he wrote his early poem "Al Aaraaf" (1829).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Black Hawk War dates to the early 1800s
Wikipedia page: Black Hawk War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The war erupted soon after Black Hawk and a group of Sauks, Meskwakis, and Kickapoos, known as the "British Band", crossed the Mississippi River, into the U.S. state of Illinois, from Iowa Indian Territory in April 1832.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Wuthering Heights is a play written by Spike Lee.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Wuthering Heights is a novel by Emily Brontë published in 1847 under her pseudonym "Ellis Bell".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gautama Buddha lived in Ancient India and Egypt.
Wikipedia page: Gautama Buddha (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Traditional biographies | Nature of traditional depictions
text: These texts contain descriptions of the culture and daily life of ancient India which can be corroborated from the Jain scriptures, and make the Buddha's time the earliest period in Indian history for which significant accounts exist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Inglorious Basterds was released in the summer of 2009.
Wikipedia page: Inglourious Basterds (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It premiered on May 20, 2009, at the 62nd Cannes Film Festival, and received a wide release in theaters in the United States and Europe in August 2009 by The Weinstein Company and Universal Pictures.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Wuthering Heights is probably not actually meant to be read as a romantic story.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Themes | Love
text: According to 2007 British poll Wuthering Heights is the greatest love story of all time – "Yet some of the novel’s admirers consider it not a love story at all but an exploration of evil and abuse".
section_header: Themes | Love
text: intent". While a "passionate, doomed, death-transcending relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw Linton forms the core of the novel", Wuthering Heights consistently subverts the romantic narrative.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Most Moai have feet, which are just hard to see because they're buried.
Wikipedia page: Moai (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Description
text: Except for one kneeling moai, the statues do not have clearly visible legs.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thomas Gray wanted Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard to be first published in Harper's Bazaar.
Wikipedia page: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751 in order to preempt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Boston was one of the first 13 colonies of America.
Wikipedia page: Boston (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Colonial
text: Boston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its "three mountains," only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charles Comiskey was owner of the Chicago White Sox MLB team and the Chicago Black Sox minor league team.
Wikipedia page: Charles Comiskey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Comiskey's reputation was permanently tarnished by his team's involvement in the Black Sox Scandal, although he was inducted as an executive into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Last Jedi is part of a story in film format that marks a new direction and emotion for the viewers.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars: The Last Jedi (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Critical response
text: The middle part of the current trilogy, The Last Jedi ranks with the very best Star Wars epics (even the pinnacle that is The Empire Strikes Back) by pointing the way ahead to a next generation of skywalkers – and, thrillingly, to a new hope.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Twice-Told Tales has been adapted into a movie.
Wikipedia page: Twice-Told Tales (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations
text: The 2016 film Wakefield is a modern adaptation of the story of the same name.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Black Hawk War was a war between the Black Hawk Tribe with the Sauks, Meskwakis and the Cherokee against the United States.
Wikipedia page: Black Hawk War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The war erupted soon after Black Hawk and a group of Sauks, Meskwakis, and Kickapoos, known as the "British Band", crossed the Mississippi River, into the U.S. state of Illinois, from Iowa Indian Territory in April 1832.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rebecca's body was buried in a cave when she died.
Wikipedia page: Rebecca (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Death and burial
text: Rebecca was buried in the cave in the field of Machpelah near Mamre, in the land of Canaan (Gen 49:31).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tom Petty's demise could be uncharitably attributed to inadequate follow-up medical care.
Wikipedia page: Tom Petty (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: He was prescribed pain medication for these problems  and informed on the day of his death that his hip had worsened to a more serious injury.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The photon has no mass.
Wikipedia page: Photon (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Photons are massless, and they always move at the speed of light in vacuum, 299792458 m/s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sons and Lovers is described as one of D.H Lawrence's best work.
Wikipedia page: Sons and Lovers (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While the novel initially received a lukewarm critical reception, along with allegations of obscenity, it is today regarded as a masterpiece by many critics and is often regarded as Lawrence's finest achievement.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vanessa Redgrave is an Australian actress is the mother-in-law of Liam Neeson.
Wikipedia page: Vanessa Redgrave (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Vanessa Redgrave  (born 30 January 1937) is an English actress and activist.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Deng Xiaoping was a politician for the People's Republic of China after Mao Zedong passed and his ancestors were Mexcians.
Wikipedia page: Deng Xiaoping (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and family
text: Deng's ancestors can be traced back to Jiaying County (now renamed to Meixian), Guangdong, a prominent ancestral area for the Hakka people, and had settled in Sichuan for several generations.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Derek Jeter has been nicknamed "Captain Clutch" and is a consistent player.
Wikipedia page: Derek Jeter (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jeter has earned the nicknames "Captain Clutch" and "Mr. November" due to his outstanding play in the postseason.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Clint Eastwood came up with the idea for the movie, Unforgiven, in 1990 when he was in poker tournament.
Wikipedia page: Unforgiven (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: The concept for the film dated to 1976, when it was developed under the titles The Cut-Whore Killings and The William Munny Killings.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan's father was a bandmaster in the military.
Wikipedia page: Arthur Sullivan (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan MVO (13 May 1842 – 22 November 1900) was an English composer.
section_header: Summary
text: The son of a military bandmaster, Sullivan composed his first anthem at the age of eight and was later a soloist in the boys' choir of the Chapel Royal.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Since it's construction, Pantheon has been in use and therefore one of the most well maintained structures of all ancient Roman buildings.
Wikipedia page: Pantheon, Rome (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same, 43 metres (142 ft).It is one of the best-preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings, in large part because it has been in continuous use throughout its history and, since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been in use as a church dedicated to "St. Mary and the Martyrs" (Latin: Sancta Maria ad Martyres) but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: White Fang, a novel by American author Jack London, ends with the wolf dog hybrid being suffocated.
Wikipedia page: White Fang (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The story ends with White Fang relaxing in the sun with the puppies he has fathered with the sheep-dog Collie.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There's a special place for training the young lads that provide lyrical accompaniment to the famed organ of Westminster Abbey.
Wikipedia page: Westminster Abbey (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Schools
text: The Choir School educates and trains the choirboys who sing for services in the Abbey.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Allan Pinkerton, famous detective, soldier, and creator of the Pinkerton Agency, is commonly believed to have shed his mortal coil by falling over and biting the muscle in his mouth, causing a deadly infection.
Wikipedia page: Allan Pinkerton (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: It is usually said that Pinkerton slipped on the pavement and bit his tongue, resulting in gangrene.
section_header: Death
text: Allan Pinkerton died in Chicago on July 1, 1884.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bridge on the River Kwai was a smash at the box offices in 1956.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge on the River Kwai (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: It was the highest-grossing film of 1957 in the United States and Canada and was also the most popular film at the British box office that year.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A religious person named Hugh is a character in the play.
Wikipedia page: The Merry Wives of Windsor (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Hugh Evans, a Welsh parson, tries to enlist the help of Mistress Quickly (servant to Doctor Caius) in wooing Anne for Slender, but the doctor discovers this and challenges Evans to a duel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Clark Griffith was brought into this world in Missouri, not Illinois, Illinois was simply where they all lived afterwards.
Wikipedia page: Clark Griffith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Griffith was born in Clear Creek, Missouri, to Isaiah and Sarah Anne Griffith.
section_header: Early life
text: Fearing a malaria epidemic that was sweeping through the area, the Griffith family moved to Bloomington, Illinois.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Metallica is an American heavy metal band formed in 1981 selling over 16 million albums.
Wikipedia page: Metallica (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its eponymous fifth album, Metallica (1991), the band's first to root predominantly in heavy metal, appealed to a more mainstream audience, achieving substantial commercial success and selling over 16 million copies in the United States to date, making it the best-selling album of the SoundScan era.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Buck lived for only a decade more after his retirement from baseball.
Wikipedia page: Buck Leonard (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Mexican League career
text: He stayed in Mexico through 1955, playing for teams in Torreón, Xalapa, Durango and Obregón.
section_header: Later life
text: Shortly before his death in 1997, Leonard was the subject of a North Carolina General Assembly proclamation recognizing his contributions to baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie has been rated negatively.
Wikipedia page: Chariots of Fire (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical reception
text: Since its release, Chariots of Fire has received generally positive reviews from critics.
section_header: Critical reception
text: As of 2020, the film holds an 85% "Certified Fresh" rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 71 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.64/10.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Faust is about a Russian legend as he has to make a big choice about which path to take during a deal with the Devil.
Wikipedia page: Faust (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The erudite Faust is highly successful yet dissatisfied with his life, which leads him to make a pact with the Devil at a crossroads, exchanging his soul for unlimited knowledge and worldly pleasures.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Twice-Told Tales is a short story collection in two volumes by Nathaniel Hawthorne, receiving genius reviews from Longfellow and Poe.
Wikipedia page: Twice-Told Tales (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Critical response
text: Hawthorne wrote to him, "We were not, it is true, so well acquainted at college, that I can plead an absolute right to inflict my 'twice-told' tediousness upon you; but I have often regretted that we were not better known." In his 14-page critique in the April issue of the North American Review, Longfellow praised the book as a work of genius.
section_header: Critical response
text: Poe particularly praised Hawthorne's originality as "remarkable".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There have been many mockeries of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.
Wikipedia page: The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Parodies
text: Lars Arffssen The Girl who Fixed the Umlaut (2010) – Nora Ephron
section_header: Parodies
text: The Girl with the Sandwich Tattoo: A cruel parody (2013) – Dragon Stiegsson
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Larry MacPhail was removed as President of Bowie Track after problems with methamphetamine abuse.
Wikipedia page: Larry MacPhail (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life and legacy
text: He held the position for thirteen months, until he was removed from the position and barred entirely from the track; he was accused of "using profanity to three horse owners" and "charged with being drunk and disorderly.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bizet is native of Marseille, France.
Wikipedia page: Georges Bizet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Early years | Family background and childhood
text: Georges Bizet was born in Paris on 25 October 1838.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ken Griffey Jr. played for two baseball teams in the Majors, the Mariners and Reds.
Wikipedia page: Ken Griffey Jr. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Minor League Baseball (1987–1988)
text: Griffey was the number one overall selection by the Seattle Mariners during the Major League Baseball Amateur Draft held on June 2, 1987.
section_header: Professional career | Return to Mariners (2009–2010)
text: Griffey once again sported #24 with the Mariners; the team had not issued the number to any player or coach in the nine years between his two stints in Seattle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book's name was inspired by a literary work.
Wikipedia page: The Heart is a Lonely Hunter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Title
text: A. S. Knowles, Jr., author of "Six Bronze Petals and Two Red: Carson McCullers in the Forties," wrote that the book "still seems to capture [the author's] total sensibility more completely than her other works." Frederic I. Carpenter wrote in The English Journal that the novel "essentially [...] described the struggle of all these lonely people to come to terms with their world, to become members of their society, to find human love—in short, to become mature." The title comes from the poem "The Lonely Hunter" by the Scottish poet William Sharp, who used the pseudonym "Fiona MacLeod".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Alhambra was only modified once.
Wikipedia page: Alhambra (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was originally constructed as a small fortress in AD 889 on the remains of Roman fortifications, and then largely ignored until its ruins were renovated and rebuilt in the mid-13th century by the Nasrid emir Mohammed ben Al-Ahmar of the Emirate of Granada, who built its current palace and walls with many beautiful, intricate details.
section_header: Summary
text: It was converted into a royal palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles ll was found to have died of a heart attack.
Wikipedia page: Charles II of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later years | Death
text: Charles suffered a sudden apoplectic fit on the morning of 2 February 1685, and died aged 54 at 11:45 am four days later at Whitehall Palace.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It is majorly used in the "dry method" to make fertilizers.
Wikipedia page: Sulfuric acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Uses | Industrial production of chemicals
text: The major use for sulfuric acid is in the "wet method" for the production of phosphoric acid, used for manufacture of phosphate fertilizers.
Verdict: REFUTES