tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: King Charles II had so many children by so many different women, one of his nicknames compared him to a rabbit and its breeding habits.
Wikipedia page: Charles II of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: Charles had no legitimate children, but acknowledged a dozen by seven mistresses, including five by Barbara Villiers, Lady Castlemaine, for whom the Dukedom of Cleveland was created.
section_header: Legacy
text: As a result, in his lifetime he was often nicknamed "Old Rowley", the name of his favourite racehorse, notable as a stallion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Puyi's first choice for a wife was considered unacceptable and she could only be  his concubine.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Marriage
text: Puyi chose Wenxiu as his wife, but was told that she was acceptable only as a concubine, so he would have to choose again.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Streetcars no longer ran on the bridge in 1950 when automobiles became king and the bridge was redesigned to six car lanes.
Wikipedia page: Brooklyn Bridge (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Usage | Vehicular traffic
text: Since 1950, the main roadway has carried six lanes of automobile traffic.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sons and Lovers was considered obscene at one time.
Wikipedia page: Sons and Lovers (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: While the novel initially received a lukewarm critical reception, along with allegations of obscenity, it is today regarded as a masterpiece by many critics and is often regarded as Lawrence's finest achievement.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The original version of The Lion King featured the warthogs colluding with the hyenas to lure Simba and Neva to the local watering hole.
Wikipedia page: The Lion King (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Development
text: The original version of the film was very different from the final film.
section_header: Production | Development
text: The plot was centered in a battle being between lions and baboons with Scar being the leader of the baboons, Rafiki being a cheetah, and Timon and Pumbaa being Simba's childhood friends.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Puyi ruled as emperor of the Qing Dynasty from 1910 to 1914.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Names and titles | Titles
text: When he ruled as Emperor of the Qing Dynasty (and therefore Emperor of China) from 1908 to 1912 and during his brief restoration in 1917, Puyi's era name was "Xuantong", so he was known as the "Xuantong Emperor" (simplified Chinese: 宣统皇帝; traditional Chinese: 宣統皇帝; pinyin: Xuāntǒng Huángdì; Wade–
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cleisthenes was a legislator who was from the 6th century.
Wikipedia page: Cleisthenes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cleisthenes (; Greek: Κλεισθένης, Kleisthénēs) was an ancient Athenian lawgiver credited with reforming the constitution of ancient Athens and setting it on a democratic footing in 508 BC.
section_header: Biography
text: Historians estimate that Cleisthenes was born around 570 BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The original text is available online in three parts.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication | 1847 edition
text: The original text, as published by Thomas Cautley Newby in 1847, is available online in two parts:[1][2].
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: "The Open Boat" is a fictional work by Stephen Crane based on his father's account of working on fishing boats.
Wikipedia page: The Open Boat (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: "The Open Boat" is divided into seven sections, each told mainly from the point of view of the correspondent, based upon Crane himself.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nelson was one of 12 kids.
Wikipedia page: Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Horatio Nelson was born on 29 September 1758 in a rectory in Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk, England, the sixth of eleven children of the Reverend Edmund Nelson and his wife Catherine Suckling.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. was first named Tottenham White Hart Spurs, then Northumberland Bulls Cross Football Club, after the training grounds used by the team.
Wikipedia page: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Formation and early years (1882–1908)
text: In April 1884 the club was renamed "Tottenham Hotspur Football Club" to avoid confusion with another London club named Hotspur, whose post had been mistakenly delivered to North London.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pinterest was created by 3 guys.
Wikipedia page: Pinterest (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The site was created by Ben Silbermann, Paul Sciarra, and Evan Sharp and had 300 million monthly active users as of August 2019.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hugh Jennings played and coached for 35 years for the Baltimore Orioles.
Wikipedia page: Hugh Jennings (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: The "Ee-Yah" years: 1907–1920
text: In 1907, Jennings was hired as manager of a talented Detroit Tigers team that included future Hall of Famers Ty Cobb and Sam Crawford.
section_header: Summary
text: Hugh Ambrose Jennings (April 2, 1869 – February 1, 1928) was an American professional baseball player, coach and manager from 1891 to 1925.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Diana was pregnant in 1981.
Wikipedia page: Diana, Princess of Wales (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage | Children
text: On 5 November 1981, the Princess's pregnancy was officially announced.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel Cry, the Beloved Country is set in South Africa.
Wikipedia page: Cry, the Beloved Country (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: During apartheid in South Africa, the separation of Blacks and Whites grew out of White racism.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Open Boat is about its writer's brother involvement in a shipwreck.
Wikipedia page: The Open Boat (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: First published in 1897, it was based on Crane's experience of surviving a shipwreck off the coast of Florida earlier that year while traveling to Cuba to work as a newspaper correspondent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Schoendienst was 1 of 7 kids.
Wikipedia page: Red Schoendienst (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Schoendienst was born in Germantown, Illinois, approximately 40 miles (64 km) east of downtown St. Louis to Joe and Mary Schoendienst, one of seven children.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A few people are buried in the Pantheon and can be used as a Christian worshiping place.
Wikipedia page: Pantheon, Rome (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Modern
text: Two kings of Italy are buried in the Pantheon: Vittorio Emanuele II and Umberto I, as well as Umberto's Queen, Margherita.
section_header: History | Modern
text: The Pantheon is in use as a Catholic church.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Maroon 5 is a five person band that started in Los Angeles.
Wikipedia page: Maroon 5 (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Boston is home to nearly 700,000 inhabitants.
Wikipedia page: Boston (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The city proper covers 49 square miles (127 km2) with an estimated population of 692,600 in 2019, also making it the most populous city in New England, and is the seat of Suffolk County (although the county government was disbanded on July 1, 1999).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Princess Diana advocated proximity anti-personnel explosives as a way to keep British soldiers safe and maintain minimal casualties for combat participants and civilians.
Wikipedia page: Diana, Princess of Wales (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Public life | Charity work and patronage | Landmines
text: In June 1997, she gave a speech at a landmines conference held at the Royal Geographical Society, and travelled to Washington, D.C. to help promote the American Red Cross landmines campaign.
section_header: Public life | Charity work and patronage | Landmines
text: Her work on the landmines issue has been described as influential in the signing of the Ottawa Treaty, which created an international ban on the use of anti-personnel landmines.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Katy Perry signed with River Hill Records and released her debut studio album in 2001.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001, which was commercially unsuccessful.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rihanna is an entertainer who suffered domestic violence by her then-boyfriend and then dated him again years after the incident.
Wikipedia page: Rihanna (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: In a January 2013 interview with Rolling Stone, Rihanna confirmed that she had rekindled her relationship with Chris Brown, though he remained under probation for the 2009 domestic violence incident.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The British Museum in London, United Kingdom, does not charge admission.
Wikipedia page: British Museum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: it charges no admission fee, except for loan exhibitions.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The gate was built on the orders of the French king.
Wikipedia page: Brandenburg Gate (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Brandenburg Gate (German: Brandenburger Tor; [ˈbʁandn̩bʊɐ̯gɐ ˈtoːɐ̯]) is an 18th-century neoclassical monument in Berlin, built on the orders of Prussian king Frederick William II after the temporary restoration of order during the Batavian Revolution.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Songs of Innocence is the first section of a two piece book of songs by Blake.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Innocence (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Songs of Innocence and of Experience is a collection of illustrated poems by William Blake.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Bizet traveled around Europe going to many countries to learn about their musical culture to eventually become a famous composer himself.
Wikipedia page: Georges Bizet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Rome, 1858–1860
text: Under its director, the painter Jean-Victor Schnetz, the villa provided an ideal environment in which Bizet and his fellow-laureates could pursue their artistic endeavours.
section_header: Summary
text: Best known for his operas in a career cut short by his early death, Bizet achieved few successes before his final work, Carmen, which has become one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the entire opera repertoire.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. is an English professional football club in Tottenham, London, that has a long-standing rivalry with nearby club Manchester United.
Wikipedia page: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The club has a long-standing rivalry with nearby club Arsenal, with head-to-head fixtures known as the North London derby.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Earl Weaver was a defensive mind coach that was a go big or go home type of MLB manager on offense.
Wikipedia page: Earl Weaver (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Weaver's style of managing was summed up in the quote: "pitching, defense, and the three-run homer." He did not believe in placing emphasis on "small ball" tactics such as stolen bases, hit and run plays, or sacrifice bunts.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lion King's original songs were written by Cheech Marin.
Wikipedia page: The Lion King (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Its original songs were written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, with a score by Hans Zimmer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Battle of Lepanto was an engagement in the 16th century.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Lepanto (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of European Catholic states arranged by Pope Pius V, inflicted a major defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire in the Gulf of Patras.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Songs of Innocence was printed in three volumes.
Wikipedia page: Songs of Innocence (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It appeared in two phases: a few first copies were printed and illuminated by Blake himself in 1789; five years later he bound these poems with a set of new poems in a volume titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rihanna turned down a huge opportunity to perform midway through a major American football game.
Wikipedia page: Rihanna (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Activism | Advocacy
text: In October 2019, she stated that she declined to perform at the 2020 Super Bowl halftime show in support of Colin Kaepernick following the controversy surrounding his role in the national anthem protests.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund) is the largest single-sport organisation worldwide, and Germany was the last country to host both the summer and winter games in the same year.
Wikipedia page: Germany (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Sports
text: With more than 7 million official members, the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund) is the largest single-sport organisation worldwide, and the German top league, the Bundesliga, attracts the second highest average attendance of all professional sports leagues in the world.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1521 assembly called The Diet of Worms ended in Martin Luther being able to return home safe while other people at the time were burned at the stake for supporting his teachings which supported the Pope without question.
Wikipedia page: Diet of Worms (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Edict of Worms
text: However, there were other deeper issues that revolved around both theological concerns:  On a theological level, Luther had challenged the absolute authority of the Pope over the Church by maintaining that the doctrine of indulgences, as authorized and taught by the Pope, was wrong.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Naked Lunch is a novel that does not have to be read sequentially.
Wikipedia page: Naked Lunch (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Burroughs stated that the chapters are intended to be read in any order.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Part of Woody Allen's film Hannah and Her Sisters was inspired by another film.
Wikipedia page: Hannah and Her Sisters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Influences
text: Part of the film's structure and background is borrowed from Ingmar Bergman's Fanny and Alexander.
section_header: Influences
text: Additional parallels can be found with Luchino Visconti's 1960 film Rocco and His Brothers, which, besides the connection to its name, also uses the structural device of dividing sections of the film for the different siblings' plot arcs.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: One of the members of Metallica was given a spot in the band because his gear was top notch.
Wikipedia page: Metallica (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Formation and early years (1981–1982)
text: Dave Mustaine replied to an advertisement for a lead guitarist; Ulrich and Hetfield recruited him after seeing his expensive guitar equipment.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1993 film Schindler's List stars Liam Neeson as Schindler who was not well known yet.
Wikipedia page: Schindler's List (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: Kevin Costner and Mel Gibson expressed interest in portraying Schindler, but Spielberg preferred to cast the relatively unknown Neeson, so the actor's star quality would not overpower the character.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Puyi has also used an English given name, "Arthur", which Puyi chose from a list of English kings given to him by his English language teacher.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Names and titles
text: Puyi is also known to have used an English given name, "Henry", which he chose from a list of English kings given to him by his English-language teacher, Scotsman Reginald Johnston, after Puyi asked for an English name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Puyi was an emperor by at the age of one because he was selected by Empress Dowager Cixi.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Emperor of China (1908–1912)
text: Chosen by Empress Dowager Cixi, Puyi became emperor at the age of 2 years and 10 months in December 1908 after the Guangxu Emperor died on 14 November.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Willie Mays played in the Negro Leagues before going to the MLB and he won a World Series
Wikipedia page: Willie Mays (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional baseball | Negro leagues
text: Mays helped Birmingham win the pennant and advance to the 1948 Negro League World Series, which they lost 4-1 to the Homestead Grays.
section_header: Professional baseball | Major leagues | 1954-57
text: The 1954 World Series was the team's last championship while based in New York.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Battle of Hastings occurred in Hastings.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Hastings (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Battle | Background and location
text: The name traditionally given to the battle is unusual – there were several settlements much closer to the battlefield than Hastings.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dexter was a show about a serial killer that worked for the law enforcement department in Florida and it's last scene in the television show is shot in California.
Wikipedia page: Dexter (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in Miami, the series centers on Dexter Morgan (Michael C. Hall), a forensic technician specializing in bloodstain pattern analysis for the fictional Miami Metro Police Department, who leads a secret parallel life as a vigilante serial killer, hunting down murderers who have slipped through the cracks of the justice system.
section_header: Production | Exterior filming
text: The finale episode's airport scene takes place at Ontario International Airport in Ontario, California.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The play "The Tempest" was printed in 1610.
Wikipedia page: The Tempest (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Text
text: The entire First Folio project was delivered to the blind printer, William Jaggard, and printing began in 1622.
section_header: Text
text: The Tempest first appeared in print in 1623 in the collection of thirty-six of Shakespeare's plays entitled, Mr. William Shakespeare's Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies; Published according to the True and Original Copies, which is known as the First Folio.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sam Crawford's mother was from the west coast.
Wikipedia page: Sam Crawford (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Crawford was born in Wahoo, Nebraska, in 1880, the son of Stephen O. Crawford (born 1842 in Vermont) and Nellie Crawford (born 1855 in Iowa).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It has inspired many adaptations such as films, dramatisations, a musical, a ballet.
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel has inspired many adaptations, including film, radio and television dramatisations; a musical; a ballet; operas; and a hit song.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The play regards a ward of a countess who falls in love with her employer's son.
Wikipedia page: All's Well That Ends Well (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: The King is cured and Helena chooses Bertram, who rejects her, owing to her poverty and low status.
section_header: Synopsis
text: The King forces him to marry her, but after the ceremony Bertram immediately goes to war in Italy without so much as a goodbye kiss.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Watchers were disappointed by High Noon's focus on characters, emotion, and storytelling rather than action and explosions.
Wikipedia page: High Noon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The film earned an estimated $3.4 million at the North American box office in 1952.Upon its release, critics and audiences expecting chases, fights, spectacular scenery, and other common Western film elements were dismayed to find them largely replaced by emotional and moralistic dialogue until the climactic final scenes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Located within the London metro area, the Hotspurs biggest rivalry is Chelsea.
Wikipedia page: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Support | Rivalries
text: The fiercest of these is with north London rivals Arsenal.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 778,  he became king initally getting help from his brother until his death  four years later.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He became king in 768 following his father's death, initially as co-ruler with his brother Carloman I. Carloman's sudden death in December 771 under unexplained circumstances left Charlemagne the sole ruler of the Frankish Kingdom.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Apocalypse Now talks about the Vietnam War.
Wikipedia page: Apocalypse Now (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The setting was changed from late 19th-century Congo to the Vietnam War.
section_header: Reception | Critical response
text: In his original review, Roger Ebert wrote, "Apocalypse Now achieves greatness not by analyzing our 'experience in Vietnam', but by re-creating, in characters and images, something of that experience".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dexter (TV series) is an American crime drama mystery television series that aired on HBO from October 1, 2006, to September 22, 2013 in which the original broadcast of the series finale—shown at 9 pm on September 22, 2013—drew 5.8 million viewers, the largest overall audience in HBO's history.
Wikipedia page: Dexter (TV series) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dexter is an American crime drama mystery television series that aired on Showtime from October 1, 2006, to September 22, 2013.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tom Petty had a band called Tom and the Knee-slappers.
Wikipedia page: Tom Petty (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the lead singer and guitarist of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, formed in 1976.
section_header: Summary
text: It is stated that Petty had been suffering with pain throughout the tour, but refused to cancel due to it potentially being the final Heartbreakers tour and not wanting to let anyone down.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Author Lewis Carroll said that the made-up word "rath" in "Jabberwocky" should be pronounced the same way "wrath" is.
Wikipedia page: Jabberwocky (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Lexicon
text: Pronounce 'slithy' as if it were the two words, 'sly, thee': make the 'g' hard in 'gyre' and 'gimble': and pronounce 'rath' to rhyme with 'bath.'"In
section_header: Summary
text: "Jabberwocky" is a nonsense poem written by Lewis Carroll about the killing of a creature named "the Jabberwock".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Charles II's manner of death is painted and written about by many artists.
Wikipedia page: Charles II of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later years | Death
text: Mercuric poisoning can produce irreversible kidney damage; however, the case for this being a cause of his death is unproven.
section_header: Legacy
text: Charles II is depicted extensively in art, literature and media.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pink Floyd never wrote any movie soundtracks.
Wikipedia page: Pink Floyd (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The band also composed several film scores.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Comiskey began his baseball 'career' by buying a club and becoming a manager, racking up an impressive 839-542 record before going on to play.
Wikipedia page: Charles Comiskey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Baseball career | Playing and managing career
text: Comiskey started his playing career as a pitcher, and moved to first base after developing arm trouble.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Treasure Island was inspired by a sea shanty Stevenson's childminder used to sing to him at night.
Wikipedia page: Treasure Island (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: Stevenson conceived the idea of Treasure Island (originally titled, The Sea Cook: A Story for Boys) from a map of an imaginary, romantic island idly drawn by Stevenson and his stepson Lloyd Osbourne on a rainy day in Braemar, Scotland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Amino acid are the building-blocks of  protein.
Wikipedia page: Amino acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Occurrence and functions in biochemistry | Proteinogenic amino acids
text: Amino acids are the structural units (monomers) that make up proteins.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Star Wars: The Last Jedi was the highest earning film during the year it was released.
Wikipedia page: Star Wars: The Last Jedi (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It grossed over $1.3 billion worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing film of 2017, the seventh-highest-grossing film in North America, and the ninth-highest-grossing film of all time during its theatrical run.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Legend of Sleepy Hollow was originally part of a larger volume of short works said to be written by a fictional person, but was later released as it's own work, crediting the actual author, before being turned into several movies and audio cassettes.
Wikipedia page: The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is a gothic story by American author Washington Irving, contained in his collection of 34 essays and short stories entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent..
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The original story for two of the film's fictional raptors was compared to a biblical story by the Writer, Bayona.
Wikipedia page: Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Creatures on screen
text: Initially, the film was to feature two Indoraptors, a white one and a black one, the latter of which would kill the former in what Bayona considered similar to Cain and Abel.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: British actress Kate Winslet also has German heritage on her mother's side.
Wikipedia page: Kate Winslet (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and initial stage and television roles
text: She is of British ancestry, and has Irish paternal ancestry and Swedish maternal ancestry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Deng Xiaoping didn't play a major role in China's economic development.
Wikipedia page: Deng Xiaoping (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Takes power and rule 1977-1989 | Reform and Opening-up | Three steps to economic development
text: Deng continued to chair and develop the reform and opening up as the main policy, and he advanced the three steps suitable for China's economic development strategy within seventy years: the first step, to double the 1980 GNP and ensure that the people have enough food and clothing, was attained by the end of the 1980s; the second step, to quadruple the 1980 GNP by the end of the 20th century, was achieved in 1995 ahead of schedule; the third step, to increase per capita GNP to the level of the medium-developed countries by 2050, at which point, the Chinese people will be fairly well-off and modernization will be basically realized.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Goslin was referred to as "Goose" in baseball.
Wikipedia page: Goose Goslin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: Goslin's difficulty in judging fly balls contributed to his nickname "Goose." Opposing players said Goslin resembled a bird flapping its wings when he ran after a ball with his arms waving.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dover Beach is a poem that describes the beachfront as large rocks as opposed to a tropical beach.
Wikipedia page: Dover Beach (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Many of the beaches in this part of England are made up of small stones or pebbles rather than sand, and Arnold describes the sea ebbing over the stones as a "grating roar".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Born in California, Joe Cronin played tennis when a Major League Baseball team was on the other end of the country.
Wikipedia page: Joe Cronin (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: At the time, the nearest MLB team was nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from San Francisco.
section_header: Early life
text: He played several sports as a child and he won a city tennis championship for his age group when he was 14.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: L.A. Confidential is the second book in the L.A. Quartet series and was adapted for a 1997 film of the same name, directed and co-written by Curtis Hanson.
Wikipedia page: L.A. Confidential (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: L.A. Confidential (1990) is a neo-noir novel by James Ellroy, and the third of his L.A. Quartet series.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan was a British composer who wrote hymns to learn about music was more successful in New York than in London.
Wikipedia page: Arthur Sullivan (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Rising composer
text: Sullivan embarked on his composing career with a series of ambitious works, interspersed with hymns, parlour songs and other light pieces in a more commercial vein.
section_header: Summary
text: After the extraordinary success of H.M.S. Pinafore (1878) and The Pirates of Penzance (1879), Carte used his profits from the partnership to build the Savoy Theatre in 1881, and their joint works became known as the Savoy operas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The story takes place during the Peloponnesian War.
Wikipedia page: Iliad (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set during the Trojan War, the ten-year siege of the city of Troy (Ilium) by a coalition of Greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Griffey has yet to be inducted to Cooperstown.
Wikipedia page: Ken Griffey Jr. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Post-playing career | Baseball Hall of Fame election
text: On January 6, 2016, Griffey was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame, receiving 99.32 percent of the vote, breaking the record previously held by Tom Seaver's 98.84 percent in 1992.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gautama Buddha was not the first Buddha in existence.
Wikipedia page: Gautama Buddha (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Buddha also critiqued the practices of brahmin priests, such as animal sacrifice.
section_header: Summary
text: He is revered as the founder of the world religion of Buddhism.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Carpenters were a sibling group until Karen died.
Wikipedia page: The Carpenters (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Their career together ended in 1983 when Karen died from heart failure brought on by complications of anorexia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sulfuric acid has no practical uses.
Wikipedia page: Sulfuric acid (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Uses | Catalyst
text: Sulfuric acid is used for a variety of other purposes in the chemical industry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: French composer Jules Massenet wrote over 300 operas.
Wikipedia page: Jules Massenet (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Music | Operas
text: Massenet wrote more than thirty operas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Katy Perry has European roots.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1984–1998: Early life
text: Perry has English, German, Irish, and Portuguese ancestry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. was created by a few younger lads headed by one named Billy Beltlatch.
Wikipedia page: Tottenham Hotspur F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Formation and early years (1882–1908)
text: Originally named Hotspur Football Club, the club was formed on 5 September 1882 by a group of schoolboys led by Bobby Buckle.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Comiskey was removed from the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Wikipedia page: Charles Comiskey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Comiskey's reputation was permanently tarnished by his team's involvement in the Black Sox Scandal, although he was inducted as an executive into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Red Schoendienst is remembered for returning to his coaching, managing, and playing  67 years with the Major League team  St. Louis Cardinals in Missouri.
Wikipedia page: Red Schoendienst (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Albert Fred "Red" Schoendienst (; February 2, 1923 – June 6, 2018) was an American professional baseball second baseman, coach, and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB), and is largely known for his coaching, managing, and playing years with the St. Louis Cardinals.
section_header: Summary
text: At the time of his death, he had worn a Major League uniform for 74 consecutive years as a player, coach, or manager, and had served 67 of his 76 years in baseball with the Cardinals.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel is based  around the importance of marrying for love and not money.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel revolves around the importance of marrying for love, not for money or social prestige, despite the communal pressure to make a wealthy match.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Japanese pop and rock duo the B'z have recorded in both Japanese and English to appease their fans world-wide.
Wikipedia page: B'z (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 30th anniversary (2010–present)
text: We love playing for American audiences, and are excited to share our first English-language release with our fans".
section_header: History | 30th anniversary (2010–present)
text: In anticipation of their upcoming American tour, the band released a five-song mini-album, titled B'z, featuring five re-recorded English versions of various hits such as "Juice", "Ultra Soul" and "Splash", and "Into Free-Dangan-" released as a digital single.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Franklin was called the "Mistress of Soul".
Wikipedia page: Aretha Franklin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: By the end of the 1960s, Aretha Franklin had come to be known as the "Queen of Soul".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nobody has ever reported seeing undead spirits wandering around the Tower of London.
Wikipedia page: Tower of London (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Ghosts
text: Anne Boleyn was beheaded in 1536 for treason against Henry VIII; her ghost supposedly haunts the Church of St Peter ad Vincula in the Tower, where she is buried, and has been said to walk around the White Tower carrying her head under her arm.
section_header: Ghosts
text: In October 1817, a tubular, glowing apparition was claimed to have been seen in the Jewel House by the Keeper of the Crown Jewels, Edmund Lenthal Swifte.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Al-Aqsa Mosque's walls have been standing since Herod's rule.
Wikipedia page: Al-Aqsa Mosque (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Pre-construction
text: At the time of the Second Temple, the present site of the mosque was occupied by the Royal Stoa, a basilica running the southern wall of the enclosure.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Comiskey was sometimes referred to as "The Old Grump".
Wikipedia page: Charles Comiskey (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Charles Albert Comiskey (August 15, 1859 – October 26, 1931), also nicknamed "Commy" or "The Old Roman", was an American Major League Baseball player, manager and team owner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cat's Cradle is set in the 21st century.
Wikipedia page: Cat's Cradle (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis | Background
text: Set in the mid-20th century, the plot revolves around a time when he was planning to write a book called The Day the World Ended about what important Americans did on the day of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Enya was the only one in her family that was into music.
Wikipedia page: Enya (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Born into a musical family and raised in the Irish-speaking area of Gweedore in County Donegal, Enya began her music career when she joined her family's Celtic folk band Clannad in 1980 on keyboards and backing vocals.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Katy Perry was born in Santa Barbara, California which is where she spent most of her childhood.
Wikipedia page: Katy Perry (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | 1999–2006: Career beginnings
text: She later adopted the stage name Katy Perry, using her mother's maiden name.
section_header: Life and career | 1984–1998: Early life
text: From ages 3 to 11, Perry often moved across the country as her parents set up churches before settling again in Santa Barbara.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Clark Griffith's dad passed away after a sportsmen mistakenly took him for a wild animal in the woods and shot him.
Wikipedia page: Clark Griffith (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: When Griffith was a small child, his father was killed in a hunting accident when fellow hunters mistook him for a deer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hadrian started building a wall that he was never able to complete.
Wikipedia page: Hadrian (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Travels | Britannia and the West (122)
text: In 122 Hadrian initiated the construction of a wall, "to separate Romans from barbarians".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bill Klem became an umpire for the AL before going to the National League and died in his 70s.
Wikipedia page: Bill Klem (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life
text: Klem spent the 1904 season in the American Association before joining the NL in 1905.
section_header: Biography | Death and legacy
text: They had no children. Klem died on September 16, 1951, at age 77, at Doctors Hospital in Coral Gables, Florida.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Monaco had a Spanish actress as their queen, the population is 86% Christian, and the Euro was introduced in 2002.
Wikipedia page: Monaco (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 20th century
text: On 19 April 1956, Prince Rainier married the American actress Grace Kelly; the event was widely televised and covered in the popular press, focusing the world's attention on the tiny principality.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: German composer Johann Sebastian Bach came from a family of musical people and was raised by his brother after becoming an orphan.
Wikipedia page: Johann Sebastian Bach (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After being orphaned at age 10, he lived for five years with his eldest brother Johann Christoph, after which he continued his musical formation in Lüneburg.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An oath of neutrality was signed by 12,000-14,000 people from March to June in 1900.
Wikipedia page: Second Boer War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Second phase: The British offensive of January to September 1900 | Oath of neutrality
text: On 15 March 1900, Lord Roberts proclaimed an amnesty for all burghers, except leaders, who took an oath of neutrality and returned quietly to their homes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: BlacKkKlansman is a 2018 American crime film written and directed by Spike Lee that went on to be selected as one of the top 10 films of the 2018 by The American Film Institute.
Wikipedia page: BlacKkKlansman (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: BlacKkKlansman is a 2018 American crime film directed by Spike Lee and written by Charlie Wachtel, David Rabinowitz, Kevin Willmott and Lee, based on the 2014 memoir Black Klansman by Ron Stallworth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster is where many of England's kings and queens are buried.
Wikipedia page: Westminster Abbey (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As the burial site of more than 3,300 persons, usually of prominence in British history (including at least sixteen monarchs, eight Prime Ministers, poets laureate, actors, scientists, military leaders, and the Unknown Warrior), Westminster Abbey is sometimes described as 'Britain's Valhalla', after the iconic hall of the chosen heroes in Norse mythology.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The entire seven volume series was translated in English by a Scottish gentleman, C.  K. Scott Moncrieff.
Wikipedia page: Remembrance of Things Past (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication in English
text: The first six volumes were first translated into English by
section_header: Publication in English
text: the Scotsman C. K. Scott Moncrieff  under the title Remembrance of Things Past, a phrase taken from Shakespeare's Sonnet 30; this was the first translation of the Recherche into another language.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bridge on the River Kwai is a movie based on a novel.
Wikipedia page: The Bridge on the River Kwai (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Bridge on the River Kwai is a 1957 adventure epic war film directed by David Lean and based on the 1952 novel written by Pierre Boulle.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rhianna and LVMH's Kendo Brands was valued at $10 million.
Wikipedia page: Rihanna (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Fenty | Fenty Beauty
text: The partnership was worth $10 million and would see Rihanna release various beauty products.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The song "Alexander's Ragtime Band" by Irving Berlin sold a million copies of sheet music in its first year after it was released.
Wikipedia page: Alexander's Ragtime Band (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Alexander's Ragtime Band" is a Tin Pan Alley song by American composer Irving Berlin released in 1911 and is often inaccurately cited as his first global hit.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Emily Bronte's pseudonym is "Ellis Bell".
Wikipedia page: Wuthering Heights (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Wuthering Heights is a novel by Emily Brontë published in 1847 under her pseudonym "Ellis Bell".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Carmichael was the youngest of his siblings.
Wikipedia page: Hoagy Carmichael (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Hoagy had two younger sisters, Georgia and Joanne.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James VI was in the line of succession from James I, but only because  Elizabeth I did not leave an heir to inherit the throne.
Wikipedia page: James VI and I (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dover Beach is a postmodern story, written from the point of view of a seagull.
Wikipedia page: Dover Beach (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Dover Beach" is a lyric poem by the English poet Matthew Arnold.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rebecca from the Hebrew Bible marries Abraham after Sarah died.
Wikipedia page: Rebecca (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Isaac brought her into the tent of his deceased mother Sarah, married her, and loved her.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Game of Thrones was filmed in three different locations.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Filming locations also included Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, and Spain.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Emperor of the Romans and King of the Lombards Charlemagne helped spread Christianity.
Wikipedia page: Charlemagne (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Carolingian expansion to the south | Roncesvalles campaign
text: Seeing an opportunity to extend Christendom and his own power and believing the Saxons to be a fully conquered nation, Charlemagne agreed to go to Spain.
section_header: Eastern campaigns | Saxon Wars
text: In the Saxon Wars, spanning thirty years and eighteen battles, he conquered Saxonia and proceeded to convert it to Christianity.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ralph Kiner was an announcer and enlisted in the US Army before playing professional baseball for the Cleveland Indians.
Wikipedia page: Ralph Kiner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Kiner served as a United States Navy pilot during World War II.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francis Bebey was a Cameroonian writer and composer that moved to America at the invitation of the president, and worked as a broadcaster.
Wikipedia page: Francis Bebey (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: In 1957, Bebey moved to Ghana at the invitation of Kwame Nkrumah, and took a job as a broadcaster.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Greek king Pyrrhus of Epirus is the king for which the term Pyrrhic victory comes from which refers to winning but at huge losses.
Wikipedia page: Pyrrhus of Epirus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Several of his victorious battles caused him unacceptably heavy losses, from which the term Pyrrhic victory was coined.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A 2008 film is the most recent film adaptation that represents the novel.
Wikipedia page: Pride and Prejudice (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The 2005 film Pride & Prejudice is the most recent film adaptation that closely represents the book.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Allan Pinkerton did not follow any type of religion or believe in a higher power.
Wikipedia page: Allan Pinkerton (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, career and immigration
text: Pinkerton was not raised in a religious upbringing, and was a lifelong atheist.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Former U.S President Nixon represented California in the U.S Senate.
Wikipedia page: Richard Nixon (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A member of the Republican Party, Nixon previously served as the 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961, having risen to national prominence as a representative and senator from California.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2019, Intel's percentage of the market did increase a lot thanks to the company's strategy.
Wikipedia page: Intel (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Current operations | Market share | Current status
text: Intels market share decreased significantly in the enthusiast market as of 2019.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Holly, of Hannah and Her Sisters,  has a breakup, quits work, and becomes a word-based artist.
Wikipedia page: Hannah and Her Sisters (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Holly abandons the catering business after the romance with David fails and decides to try her hand at writing.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mike Schmidt was drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers.
Wikipedia page: Mike Schmidt (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Amateur baseball career
text: Schmidt was drafted by the Phillies in the second round (30th overall) of the 1971 Major League Baseball draft.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It has been named by critics and publications as one of the best television series of all time.
Wikipedia page: Game of Thrones (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Many critics and publications have named the show as one of the best television series of all time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bonnie and Clyde were killed in Texas.
Wikipedia page: Bonnie and Clyde (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They were killed in May 1934 during an ambush by police near Gibsland, Louisiana.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Puyi served a prison sentence for 8 years following the birth of his nation.
Wikipedia page: Puyi (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, Puyi was imprisoned as a war criminal for 10 years, wrote his memoirs and became a titular member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the National People's Congress.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Peloponnesian War was just one of the wars that helped the Athens regain their greatness and the Spartans empire fell.
Wikipedia page: Peloponnesian War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath
text: The overall effect of the war in Greece proper was to replace the Athenian Empire with a Spartan empire.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sweden's population is almost entirely atheist.
Wikipedia page: Sweden (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Religion
text: 34% answered that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, god, or life force".
Verdict: REFUTES